FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Samara, F Wyrzykowska, B Tabor, D Touati, D Gullett, BK AF Samara, Fatin Wyrzykowska, Barbara Tabor, Dennis Touati, Dahman Gullett, Brian K. TI Toxicity comparison of chlorinated and brominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in industrial source samples by HRGC/HRMS and enzyme immunoassay SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE PBDDs/Fs; PCDDs/Fs; PBCDDs/Fs; CALUX; EIA; HRGC/HRMS ID EQUIVALENCY FACTORS; MICRO-EROD; CALUX; ASSAY; INDUCTION; BIOASSAY; PCBS; SOIL; GAS AB Limited information is available on the applicability of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/furan (PCDD/F) toxicity assays to their brominated counterparts: polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PBDDs/Fs). We estimated the toxicity of mixtures of chlorinated, brominated, and mixed bromochloro-dioxins and -furan (PBCDDs/Fs) laboratory standards using a chemically-activated luciferase gene expression cell bioassay (CALUX). The relative effects potency (REP) values obtained were comparable to the World Health Organization (WHO) toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) and in agreement with the concept of additive congener toxicity of mixtures of dioxins and furans. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA)-based toxic equivalents (TEQs), however, showed overestimation for PCDDs/Fs (0-4 orders of magnitudes higher) and underestimation for PBDDs/Fs (0-1 orders of magnitude lower) when compared to high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS)-based TEQ calculation (using WHO TEFs) in samples from an industrial source line. No correlation was found between the EIA and the HRGC/HRMS data, which could be attributed to differences in homologue-specific cross-reactivity responses, sample matrix type, and presence of other compounds competing for antibody binding in the immunoassay. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Samara, Fatin; Wyrzykowska, Barbara; Tabor, Dennis; Gullett, Brian K.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab E305 01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wyrzykowska, Barbara] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ Res, Postdoctoral Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Touati, Dahman] ARCADIS US Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab E305 01, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gullett.brian@epa.gov NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD APR PY 2010 VL 36 IS 3 BP 247 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2009.12.005 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 568RH UT WOS:000275539700003 PM 20110126 ER PT J AU Cascio, C Schaub, M Novak, K Desotgiu, R Bussotti, F Strasser, RJ AF Cascio, Chiara Schaub, Marcus Novak, Kristopher Desotgiu, Rosanna Bussotti, Filippo Strasser, Reto J. TI Foliar responses to ozone of Fagus sylvatica L. seedlings grown in shaded and in full sunlight conditions SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Competition; High light stress; Net photosynthesis; OKJIP fluorescence; Open-top chambers; Ozone ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; ENVIRONMENT ALTERS RESPONSE; HYBRID POPLAR CLONES; ACER-SACCHARUM MARSH; LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; LIGHT ENVIRONMENT; BEECH SEEDLINGS; CARBON GAIN; SUGAR MAPLE AB Ozone (O(3)) is well known to affect photosynthesis on tree seedlings under experimental conditions. In natural conditions, young trees grow under a competitive environment that may alter light availability. Such conditions were simulated in an open-top chamber (OTC) experiment carried out in Southern Switzerland (Lattecaldo). The experimental set-up consisted of Fagus sylvatica (beech) seedling plots (planted within the same chamber) either in a monospecific population (Mono, leaves grown in full sunlight conditions-FL) or under competition with taller plants of Viburnum lantana (Mixed, shaded leaves-SH). These Cultures were treated with ambient air (NF, not filtered, 92% of ozone in ambient air) and with charcoal filtered air (CF, 50% of ozone in ambient air). Measures of net photosynthesis (P(N)) and chlorophyll a fluorescence (with the analysis of the OKJIP transient) were performed over a growing season, from June to September. Net photosynthesis (P(N)) and the maximum quantum yield of electrons reaching the acceptor side (phi(Ro) = RE(0)/ABS) were higher in Mono conditions (full light leaves). Vice versa, quantum yield of primary photochemistry (phi(Po) = TR(0)/ABS = F(V)/F(M)) and Performance Index on absorption basis (PI(ABS)) were higher in Mixed plots (shaded leaves). Changes due to ozone occurred only at the end of the growing season (September). Ozone affected mainly PN, that was lower in the NF-OTCs, both Mono (-19%) and Mixed (-28%) plots, compared to the CF ones. Fluorescence parameters were affected much more by light conditions (full light vs. shaded leaves) than ozone exposure, but ozone enhanced the action of high light by lowering the values of TR(0)/ABS and PI(ABS). The most specific effect of ozone concerned the decrease in RE(0)/ABS, that indicates the inactivation of the end acceptors of electrons, so producing an excess of oxidative pressure. Results are discussed in relation to the impact of ozone on the processes of the regeneration of forests. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cascio, Chiara; Desotgiu, Rosanna; Bussotti, Filippo] Univ Florence, Dept Plant Biol, I-50144 Florence, Italy. [Schaub, Marcus] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Novak, Kristopher] US EPA, Environm Media Assessment Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Strasser, Reto J.] Univ Geneva, Bioenerget Lab, CH-1254 Jussey, Switzerland. RP Bussotti, F (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Plant Biol, Piazzale Cascine 28, I-50144 Florence, Italy. EM filippo.bussotti@unifi.it RI Schaub, Marcus/E-4874-2012; OI Schaub, Marcus/0000-0002-0158-8892; Bussotti, Filippo/0000-0002-8353-4459 FU Swiss Agency for the Environment, Forests and Landscape (SAEFL); Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland; Pennsylvania State University, USA FX Funding for this research project was provided by the Swiss Agency for the Environment, Forests and Landscape (SAEFL). The research was conducted in collaboration with the Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland and the Pennsylvania State University, USA. The project would not have been possible without the exceptional support provided by Mr. Giuseppe Tettamanti and his nursery staff at the Lattecaldo research site. NR 81 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD APR PY 2010 VL 68 IS 2 BP 188 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2009.10.003 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 563TD UT WOS:000275156200011 ER PT J AU Zhang, LP Freeman, LEB Nakamura, J Hecht, SS Vandenberg, JJ Smith, MT Sonawane, BR AF Zhang, Luoping Freeman, Laura E. Beane Nakamura, Jun Hecht, Stephen S. Vandenberg, John J. Smith, Martyn T. Sonawane, Babasaheb R. TI Formaldehyde and Leukemia: Epidemiology, Potential Mechanisms, and implications for Risk Assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Review DE formaldehyde; epidemiology; myeloid leukemia; DNA damage; DNA adducts; risk assessment ID PROTEIN CROSS-LINKS; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; INHALED FORMALDEHYDE; FUNERAL DIRECTORS; MEXICO-CITY; DNA-DAMAGE; IN-VITRO; MORTALITY AB Formaldehyde is widely used in the United States and other countries. Occupational and environmental exposures to formaldehyde may be associated with an increased risk of leukemia in exposed individuals. However, risk assessment of formaldehyde and leukemia has been challenging due to inconsistencies in human and animal studies and the lack of a known mechanism for leukemia induction. Here, we provide a summary of the symposium at the Environmental Mutagen Society Meeting in 2008, which focused on the epidemiology of formaldehyde and leukemia, potential mechanisms, and implication for risk assessment, with emphasis on future directions in multidisciplinary formaldehyde research. Updated results of two of the three largest industrial cohort studies of formaldehyde-exposed workers have shown positive associations with leukemia, particularly myeloid leukemia, and a recent meta-analysis of studies to date supports this association. Recent mechanistic studies have shown the formation of formaldehyde-induced DNA adducts and characterized the essential DNA repair pathways that mitigate formaldehyde toxicity. The implications of the updated findings for the design of future studies to more effectively assess the risk of leukemia arising from formaldehyde exposure were discussed and specific recommendations were made. A toxicogenomic approach in experimental models and human exposure studies, together with the measurement of biomarkers of internal exposure, such as formaldehyde-DNA and protein adducts, should prove fruitful. It was recognized that increased communication among scientists who perform epidemiology, toxicology, biology, and risk assessment could enhance the design of future studies, which could ultimately reduce uncertainty in the risk assessment of formaldehyde and leukemia. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 51:181-191, 2010. Published 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Zhang, Luoping; Smith, Martyn T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Freeman, Laura E. Beane] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Nakamura, Jun] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hecht, Stephen S.] Univ Minnesota, Mason Canc Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Vandenberg, John J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sonawane, Babasaheb R.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Zhang, LP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, 50 Univ Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM luoping@berkeley.edu RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Hecht, Stephen/0000-0001-7228-1356; Vandenberg, John/0000-0003-2619-9460 FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES017452, R01 ES017452-01] NR 77 TC 38 Z9 43 U1 4 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD APR PY 2010 VL 51 IS 3 BP 181 EP 191 DI 10.1002/em.20534 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 579NV UT WOS:000276379300001 PM 19790261 ER PT J AU Judson, RS Houck, KA Kavlock, RJ Knudsen, TB Martin, MT Mortensen, HM Reif, DM Rotroff, DM Shah, I Richard, AM Dix, DJ AF Judson, Richard S. Houck, Keith A. Kavlock, Robert J. Knudsen, Thomas B. Martin, Matthew T. Mortensen, Holly M. Reif, David M. Rotroff, Daniel M. Shah, Imran Richard, Ann M. Dix, David J. TI In Vitro Screening of Environmental Chemicals for Targeted Testing Prioritization: The ToxCast Project SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE in vitro screening; liver proliferative lesions; liver tumors; pathways; ToxCast ID PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; HUMAN RELEVANCE; LIVER; SEX; ALPHA; MICE; CARCINOGENICITY; RECRUITMENT AB BACKGROUND: Chemical toxicity testing is being transformed by advances in biology and computer modeling, concerns over animal use, and the thousands of environmental chemicals lacking toxicity data. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's ToxCast program aims to address these concerns by screening and prioritizing chemicals for potential human toxicity using in vitro assays and in silico approaches. OBJECTIVES: This project aims to evaluate the use of in vitro assays for understanding the types of molecular and pathway perturbations caused by environmental chemicals and to build initial prioritization models of in vivo toxicity. METHODS: We tested 309 mostly pesticide active chemicals in 467 assays across nine technologies, including high-throughput cell-free assays and cell-based assays, in multiple human primary cells and cell lines plus rat primary hepatocytes. Both individual and composite scores for effects on genes and pathways were analyzed. RESULTS: Chemicals displayed a broad spectrum of activity at the molecular and pathway levels. We saw many expected interactions, including endocrine and xenobiotic metabolism enzyme activity. Chemicals ranged in promiscuity across pathways, from no activity to affecting dozens of pathways. We found a statistically significant inverse association between the number of pathways perturbed by a chemical at low in vitro concentrations and the lowest in vivo dose at which a chemical causes toxicity. We also found associations between a small set of in vitro assays and rodent liver lesion formation. CONCLUSIONS: This approach promises to provide meaningful data on the thousands of untested environmental chemicals and to guide targeted testing of environmental contaminants. C1 [Judson, Richard S.; Houck, Keith A.; Kavlock, Robert J.; Knudsen, Thomas B.; Martin, Matthew T.; Mortensen, Holly M.; Reif, David M.; Rotroff, Daniel M.; Shah, Imran; Richard, Ann M.; Dix, David J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Judson, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr,B205-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM judson.richard@epa.gov RI Martin, Matthew/A-1982-2013; OI Martin, Matthew/0000-0002-8096-9908; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767 FU U.S. EPA FX We acknowledge the various contributions of other U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ToxCast team members and our Tox21 partners at the National Institutes of Health Chemical Genomics Center and the National Toxicology Program. Funding was provided by the U.S. EPA. NR 41 TC 211 Z9 212 U1 10 U2 55 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD APR PY 2010 VL 118 IS 4 BP 485 EP 492 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901392 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 580NA UT WOS:000276454800020 PM 20368123 ER PT J AU Magee, TK Ringold, PL Bollman, MA Ernst, TL AF Magee, Teresa K. Ringold, Paul L. Bollman, Michael A. Ernst, Ted L. TI Index of Alien Impact: A Method for Evaluating Potential Ecological Impact of Alien Plant Species SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Ecological indicators; Index of Alien Impact (IAI); Invasiveness impact score (I(i)); Riparian vegetation; Invasive species; Vegetation assessment ID MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALES; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; UNITED-STATES; PHALARIS-ARUNDINACEA; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; WADEABLE STREAMS; EASTERN OREGON; NORTH-AMERICA; GLOBAL CHANGE AB Alien plant species are stressors to ecosystems and indicators of reduced ecosystem integrity. The magnitude of the stress reflects not only the quantity of aliens present, but also the quality of their interactions with native ecosystems. We develop an Index of Alien Impact (IAI) to estimate the collective ecological impact of in situ alien species. IAI summarizes the frequency of occurrence and potential ecological impact (Invasiveness-Impact Score (I (i) )) of individual alien species for all aliens present in a particular location or community type. A component metric, I (i) , is based on ecological species traits (life history, ecological amplitude, and ability to alter ecosystem processes) that reflect mechanisms, which can increase impact to ecosystem structure and function. While I (i) is less complex than some other multi-metric rankings of alien impact, it compares well to these metrics and to qualitative judgments. IAI can be adapted for different ecological settings by modifying the set of species traits incorporated in I (i) to reflect properties likely to breach biotic and abiotic barriers or alter ecosystem function in a particular region or community type of interest. To demonstrate our approach, we created versions of IAI and I (i) , applicable to the diverse streamside vegetation of a river basin (19,631 km(2)) spanning low-elevation arid to mesic montane habitats in eastern Oregon, USA. In this demonstration effort, we (1) evaluate relationships of IAI to metrics describing invasion level, and (2) illustrate the potential utility of IAI for prioritizing alien species management activities and informing restoration goals. C1 [Magee, Teresa K.; Bollman, Michael A.; Ernst, Ted L.] Dynamac Corp, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Magee, TK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM magee.teresa@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency at the National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Western Ecology Division (NHEERL-WED), in Corvallis, Oregon, USA [68-D-01-005, EP-D06-013]; National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division FX We are indebted to David Richardson, Kathleen Dwire, Howard Bruner, and 3 anonymous reviewers for thoughtful review of earlier drafts of this manuscript. Special appreciation to Sandra Bryce of Dynamac Corporation for dedicated field data collection, and to Suzanne Pierson and Colleen Johnson for creating the study area map. The information in this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency at the National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, Western Ecology Division (NHEERL-WED), in Corvallis, Oregon, USA, through Contract No. 68-D-01-005 and EP-D06-013 to Dynamac Corporation. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 112 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD APR PY 2010 VL 45 IS 4 BP 759 EP 778 DI 10.1007/s00267-010-9426-1 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 583EE UT WOS:000276655100010 PM 20140674 ER PT J AU Cerco, CF Tillman, D Hagy, JD AF Cerco, Carl F. Tillman, Dorothy Hagy, James D. TI Coupling and comparing a spatially- and temporally-detailed eutrophication model with an ecosystem network model: An initial application to Chesapeake Bay SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE CE-QUAL-ICM; Ecopath; Eutrophication; Chesapeake Bay; Atlantic menhaden; Phytoplankton AB Coastal waters are modeled for a variety of purposes including eutrophication remediation and fisheries management. Combining these two approaches provides insights which are not available from either approach independently. Coupling is confounded, however, by differences in model formulations and "currencies." We present here an initial coupling of a spatially- and temporally-detailed eutrophication model, CE-QUAL-ICM, with a network fisheries model, Ecopath. We list commonalities between the models and present algorithms and software for the exchange of information. The models are applied to the central portion of Chesapeake Bay for a contemporary summer period. After comparison of the representations of Chesapeake Bay by the two models, an illustrative example one-way, off-line, coupling is presented. In an initial examination of a 20% increase in predation on phytoplankton by a small, highly-exploited fish (Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus), computed reduction in phytoplankton biomass is accompanied by increased production due to enhanced nutrient recycling. Minimal impact on the structure of the food web or on biomass of higher-trophic level organisms is computed. The algorithms and software can be adapted to alternate eutrophication models and Ecopath applications and provide the first, necessary, steps for subsequent coupling with the time-variable Ecosim model. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cerco, Carl F.; Tillman, Dorothy] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Hagy, James D.] US EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Cerco, CF (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Mail Stop EP W,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM carl.f.cerco@usace.army.mil FU US Army Engineers System-Wide Water Resources Program (SWRRP) FX Funding for this investigation was provided by the US Army Engineers System-Wide Water Resources Program (SWRRP) under the Ecological Modeling Focus Area. For more information on SWRRP, please consult https://swwrp.usace.army.mil/Improvements to an earlier version of this manuscript were guided by helpful comments from the editor and two reviewers. Reviewer 1 suggested the hierarchy of couplings described here. NR 31 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD APR PY 2010 VL 25 IS 4 BP 562 EP 572 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2009.09.008 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 553FB UT WOS:000274350400017 ER PT J AU Masih, A Saini, R Singhvi, R Taneja, A AF Masih, Amit Saini, Renuka Singhvi, Raj Taneja, Ajay TI Concentrations, sources, and exposure profiles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in particulate matter (PM10) in the north central part of India SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Semi-arid region; PM10; Factor analysis; Toxic equivalent factor ID CARCINOGENIC POTENCIES; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES; URBAN AREA; CITY; AIR; MEXICO; BRAZIL; KOREA; SOIL AB Airborne particulates (PM10) from four different areas within Agra city (a semi-arid region) were collected using respirable dust samplers during the winter season (Nov. 2005-Feb 2006) and were then extracted with methylene chloride using an automated Soxhlet Extraction System (Soxtherm(A (R))). The extracts were analyzed for 17 target polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the heterocycle carbazole. The average concentration of total PAH (TPAH) ranged from 8.04 to 97.93 ng m (-aEuro parts per thousand 3). The industrial site had the highest TPAH concentration followed by the residential, roadside, and agricultural sites. Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, and benzo(b)fluoranthene were the predominant compounds found in the samples collected from all of the sites. The average B(a)P-equivalent exposure, calculated by using toxic equivalent factors derived from literature and the USEPA, was approximately 7.6 ng m (-aEuro parts per thousand 3). Source identification using factor analysis identified prominent three, four, four, and four probable factors at industrial, residential, roadside, and agricultural sites, respectively. C1 [Masih, Amit] St Andrews Coll, Dept Chem, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Saini, Renuka] Indian Inst Technol, Ctr Atmospher Sci, New Delhi, India. [Singhvi, Raj] US EPA, ERT, Edison, NJ USA. [Taneja, Ajay] St Johns Coll, Dept Chem, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. RP Taneja, A (reprint author), 22 Allora Enclave, Agra 282005, Uttar Pradesh, India. EM ataneja5@hotmail.com FU Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi [SR/S4/AS:228/03] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance received from Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, Project No. SR/S4/AS:228/03. We thank Dr. Walter Kovalick, Director, Technology Innovation Field Services Division, US EPA for providing technical support, Dave Wright, Branch Chief, and Dr. Harry L. Allen, of the Environmental Response Team for laboratory and technical support. Special thanks to Cindy Kleiman for reviewing the paper. The samples were analyzed by REAC under direction of Vinod Kansal and Dr. Yi Hua Lin. We also thank Dr. F. M. Prasad, Principal, St. John's College for his encouragement and Dr. Ashok Kumar, (Head) Department of Chemistry, St. John's College, for providing necessary facilities. NR 33 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD APR PY 2010 VL 163 IS 1-4 BP 421 EP 431 DI 10.1007/s10661-009-0846-4 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 567FH UT WOS:000275428200035 PM 19319481 ER PT J AU Nikolova, PS Andersen, CP Blaschke, H Matyssek, R Haberle, KH AF Nikolova, Petia S. Andersen, Christian P. Blaschke, Helmut Matyssek, Rainer Haeberle, Karl-Heinz TI Belowground effects of enhanced tropospheric ozone and drought in a beech/spruce forest (Fagus sylvatica L./Picea abies [L.] Karst) SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Facing the Future CY APR 02-04, 2008 CL Rhinelander, WI SP Aspen FACE, SoyFACE, SFB 607 DE Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; Soil respiration; Fine-root production; delta(13)C; Ozone fumigation; Drought ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO-2; EXPOSED PONDEROSA PINE; BIRCH BETULA-PENDULA; SPRUCE PICEA-ABIES; FINE-ROOT DYNAMICS; SOIL RESPIRATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; NORWAY SPRUCE; MIXED FOREST; NORTHERN FORESTS AB The effects of experimentally elevated O(3) on soil respiration rates, standing fine-root biomass, fine-root production and delta(13)C signature of newly produced fine roots were investigated in an adult European beech/Norway spruce forest in Germany during two subsequent years with contrasting rainfall patterns. During humid 2002, soil respiration rate was enhanced under elevated O(3) under beech and spruce, and was related to O(3)-stimulated fine-root production only in beech. During dry 2003, the stimulating effect of O(3) on soil respiration rate vanished under spruce, which was correlated with decreased fine-root production in spruce under drought, irrespective of the O(3) regime. delta(13)C signature of newly formed fine-roots was consistent with the differing g, of beech and spruce, and indicated stomatal limitation by O(3) in beech and by drought in spruce. Our study showed that drought can override the stimulating O(3) effects on fine-root dynamics and soil respiration in mature beech and spruce forests. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nikolova, Petia S.] Tech Univ Munich, Chair Forest Yield Sci, Weihenstephan Ctr Life & Food Sci, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Andersen, Christian P.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Nikolova, PS (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Chair Forest Yield Sci, Weihenstephan Ctr Life & Food Sci, Hochanger 13, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. EM nikolova@wzw.tum.de NR 89 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 4 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD APR PY 2010 VL 158 IS 4 SI SI BP 1071 EP 1078 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.07.036 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 579OX UT WOS:000276382400017 PM 19682778 ER PT J AU Schoen, ME Ashbolt, NJ AF Schoen, Mary E. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI Assessing Pathogen Risk to Swimmers at Non-Sewage Impacted Recreational Beaches SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; INDICATOR BACTERIA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LAKE-MICHIGAN; FRESH-WATER; GULL FECES; SALMONELLA; QUALITY; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM AB The risk of gastrointestinal illness to swimmers from fresh sewage and non-sewage fecal sources at recreational beaches was predicted using quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). The QMRA estimated the probability of illness for accidental ingestion of recreational water with a specific concentration of fecal indicator bacteria, here the geometric mean enterococci limit of 35 cfu 100 mL(-1), from either a mixture of sources or an individual source. Using seagulls as an example non-sewage fecal source, the predicted median probability of illness was less than the illness benchmark of 0.01. When the fecal source was changed to poorly treated sewage, a relativity small difference between the median probability of illness and the illness benchmark was predicted. For waters impacted by a mixture of seagull and sewage waste, the dominant source of fecal indicator was not always the predicted dominant source of risk. C1 [Schoen, Mary E.; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Schoen, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Schoen.mary@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA FX The QMRA seagull case study is being undertaken in partnership with the Southern California Coastal Water Research Project (SCCWRP) and Prof. Colford's team at the University of California, Berkeley. We thank both teams in addition to Jeff Soller for their assistance in framing the research project, as well as the U.S. EPA for the cross-ORD postdoctoral fellowship to M.E.S. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 47 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 7 BP 2286 EP 2291 DI 10.1021/es903523q PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 574MN UT WOS:000275993700011 PM 20201509 ER PT J AU Delinsky, AD Strynar, MJ McCann, PJ Varns, JL McMillan, L Nakayama, SF Lindstrom, AB AF Delinsky, Amy D. Strynar, Mark J. McCann, Patricia J. Varns, Jerry L. McMillan, Larry Nakayama, Shoji F. Lindstrom, Andrew B. TI Geographical Distribution of Perfluorinated Compounds in Fish from Minnesota Lakes and Rivers SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACTANTS; SULFONATE; FILLETS AB In response to growing interest in human exposure to perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), the state of Minnesota measured and reported PFC concentrations in fish collected from the Minneapolis-St. Paul area. To better determine the geographical distribution of PFC contamination throughout Minnesota, fish were collected from 59 lakes throughout the state and several areas along the Mississippi River. Composite fish samples were analyzed for 10 PFC analytes by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). PFOS (perfluorooctanesulfonate) was the most commonly detected PFC, occurring in 73% of fish from the Mississippi River but only 22% of fish from lakes. Fish from Mississippi River Pool 2 near the Minneapolis St. Paul area had the highest levels of PFOS, whereas locations upstream had PFOS concentrations below 40 ng/g, the concentration at which Minnesota issues "one meal per week" fish consumption advice. Fish from most Minnesota lakes tested (88%) had PFOS concentrations below 3 ng/g. Two lakes, McCarrons and Zumbro, contained fish with PFOS levels above 40 ng/g. The results reported here will help researchers to better understand the extent of PFC contamination in Minnesota fish and evaluate potential sources of contamination and will provide a basis for comprehensive fish consumption advice. C1 [Delinsky, Amy D.; Strynar, Mark J.; Lindstrom, Andrew B.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McCann, Patricia J.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Div Environm Hlth, Hlth Risk Assessment Unit, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Varns, Jerry L.; McMillan, Larry] Natl Caucus & Ctr Black Aged Inc, Senior Environm Employee Program, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Nakayama, Shoji F.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Strynar, MJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Mail Drop D205-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM strynar.mark@epa.gov RI Nakayama, Shoji/B-9027-2008 FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the National Exposure Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We also acknowledge Waters Corporation for the donation of Oasis WAX SPE cartridges (Cooperative Research and Development Agreement 392-06). We thank individuals at the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency and Minnesota Department of Natural Resources for collecting and processing fish samples and for providing information on land use. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 23 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 4 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 7 BP 2549 EP 2554 DI 10.1021/es903777s PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 574MN UT WOS:000275993700051 PM 20163103 ER PT J AU Bruno, ME Ortiz, P Moore, T Nesnow, S Winnik, W Yue, G AF Bruno, Maribel Enid Ortiz, Pedro Moore, Tanya Nesnow, Stephen Winnik, Witold Yue, Ge TI Proteomic Analysis of Propiconazole Responses in Mouse Liver-Comparison of Genomic and Proteomic Profiles SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bruno, Maribel Enid; Moore, Tanya; Nesnow, Stephen] US EPA, Carcinogenesis Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Winnik, Witold; Yue, Ge] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ortiz, Pedro] USN, Environm Hlth Effects Lab, Hlth Res Ctr, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2010 VL 24 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V28IW UT WOS:000208675501025 ER PT J AU Copeland, WC AF Copeland, William C. TI Defects in mitochondrial DNA replication and human disease SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Copeland, William C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2010 VL 24 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V28IW UT WOS:000208675500055 ER PT J AU Dye, J Slade, R McGee, JK Jaskot, RH Richards, JH LaGier, AJ AF Dye, Janice Slade, Ralph McGee, John K. Jaskot, Richard H. Richards, Judy H. LaGier, Adriana J. TI Effects of hyperlipidemia on adaptive responses to repeated zinc exposure SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dye, Janice; Slade, Ralph; McGee, John K.; Jaskot, Richard H.; Richards, Judy H.; LaGier, Adriana J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2010 VL 24 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V28IW UT WOS:000208675503844 ER PT J AU Gee, KW Johnstone, T Hogenkamp, DJ Yoshimura, R Whittemore, ER Gu, ZL Yakel, J AF Gee, Kelvin W. Johnstone, Timothy Hogenkamp, Derk J. Yoshimura, Ryan Whittemore, Edward R. Gu, Zhenglin Yakel, Jerrel TI Dual Allosteric Modulators of Neuronal Nicotinic-Acetylcholine and GABA-A Receptors SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gee, Kelvin W.; Johnstone, Timothy; Hogenkamp, Derk J.; Yoshimura, Ryan; Whittemore, Edward R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. [Gu, Zhenglin; Yakel, Jerrel] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neurobiol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2010 VL 24 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V28IW UT WOS:000208675501256 ER PT J AU Gordon, CJ Bishop, BL AF Gordon, Christopher J. Bishop, Britton L. TI METABOLIC RATE AS A FUNCTION OF AGE IN BROWN NORWAY AND LONG-EVANS RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gordon, Christopher J.; Bishop, Britton L.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2010 VL 24 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V28IW UT WOS:000208675502318 ER PT J AU Hazari, MS Griggs, J Haykal-Coates, N Winsett, D Farraj, A Costa, D AF Hazari, Mehdi Saeed Griggs, Jennifer Haykal-Coates, Najwa Winsett, Darrell Farraj, Aimen Costa, Daniel TI A single exposure to acrolein causes arrhythmogenesis, cardiac electrical dysfunction and decreased heart rate variability in hypertensive rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hazari, Mehdi Saeed; Haykal-Coates, Najwa; Winsett, Darrell; Farraj, Aimen] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Costa, Daniel] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Griggs, Jennifer] Univ N Carolina, Coll Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2010 VL 24 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V28IW UT WOS:000208675501762 ER PT J AU Kirby, TW Beard, WA Wilson, SH London, RE AF Kirby, Thomas W. Beard, William A. Wilson, Samuel H. London, Robert E. TI NMR study of the effect of Zn on conformational activation of rat DNA polymerase beta SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kirby, Thomas W.; Beard, William A.; Wilson, Samuel H.; London, Robert E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2010 VL 24 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V28IW UT WOS:000208675503128 ER PT J AU Su, LJ Arab, L Steck, S Schroeder, JC Fontham, ETH Bensen, JT Mohler, JL AF Su, L. Joseph Arab, Lenore Steck, Susan Schroeder, Jane C. Fontham, Elizabeth T. H. Bensen, Jeannette T. Mohler, James L. TI Obesity and Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness among African and Caucasian American SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Su, L. Joseph] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Arab, Lenore] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Steck, Susan] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Schroeder, Jane C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Durham, NC USA. [Fontham, Elizabeth T. H.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Bensen, Jeannette T.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Mohler, James L.] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2010 VL 24 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V28IW UT WOS:000208675502594 ER PT J AU Raikow, DF AF Raikow, David F. TI Dose-response versus ANOVA SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Letter C1 US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Raikow, DF (reprint author), US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM raikow.david@epa.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD APR PY 2010 VL 8 IS 3 BP 121 EP 122 DI 10.1890/10.WB.011 PG 2 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 582XP UT WOS:000276634200013 ER PT J AU He, YT Wilson, JT Wilkin, RT AF He, Y. Thomas Wilson, John T. Wilkin, Richard T. TI Impact of iron sulfide transformation on trichloroethylene degradation SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIER; SYNTHETIC NANOCRYSTALLINE MACKINAWITE; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; ACID-VOLATILE SULFIDE; AIR-FORCE-BASE; 125 DEGREES-C; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; PYRITE FORMATION AB Trichloroethylene (TCE) is one of the most common and persistent groundwater contaminants encountered at hazardous waste sites around the world. A growing body of evidence indicates that iron Sulfides play an important role in degrading TCE in natural environments and in engineered systems designed for groundwater cleanup. In this study, we investigate transformation processes of iron Sulfides and consequent impacts oil TCE degradation using batch experimental techniques, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Our results show that mackinawite is highly reactive toward TCE and no detectable mineralogical changes were detected during the course of reaction. However. freeze-dried FeS transformed to a mixture of mackinawite and greigite during the freeze drying process, with further mineralogical changes during reaction with TCE to lepidocrocite. goethite and pyrite. Newly formed lepidocrocite is a transient phase, with conversion to goethite over time. TCE transformation kinetics show that freeze-dried FeS is 20-50 times less reactive in degrading TCE than non-freeze-dried FeS. and the TCE degradation rate increases with pH (from 5.4 to 8.3), possibly due to an increase Of Surface deprotonation or electron transfer at higher pH. Results Suggest that freeze drying Could cause FeS particle aggregation, decreased Surface area and availability of reactive sites; it also Could change FeS mineralogy and accelerate mineral transformation. These aspects could contribute to the lower reactivity of freeze-dried FeS toward TCE degradation. Modeling results show that FeS transformation in natural environments depends oil specific biogeochemical conditions, and natural FeS transformation may affect mineral reactivity in a similar way Lis compared to the freeze drying process. Rapid transformation of FeS to FeS, Could significantly slow down TCE degradation in both natural and engineered systems. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [He, Y. Thomas; Wilson, John T.; Wilkin, Richard T.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP He, YT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM he.youngtian@epa.gov RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 FU Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment (AFCEE) [RW-57-92160901]; National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S. EPA) [RW-57-92160901]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Shaw Environmental [68-C-03-097] FX The authors would like to acknowledge associate editors Peggy O'Day and Liane Benning for their suggestions on earlier version of the manuscript which significantly improved the manuscript. This research was performed while the author held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Ground Water and Ecosystem Restoration Division, National Risk Management Laboratory, USEPA. This work was supported through an interagency agreement (RW-57-92160901) between the Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment (AFCEE) and the National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S. EPA). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank Soma Chattopadhyay and Tomohiro Shibata at Beamline 10-ID, MR-CAT, and Trudy Bolin at Beamline XOR-9BM at APS for their assistance with the XAS data collection. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded the research described here. It has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We gratefully acknowledge the analytical Support provided by Shaw Environmental (contract #68-C-03-097). NR 91 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 5 U2 66 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD APR 1 PY 2010 VL 74 IS 7 BP 2025 EP 2039 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.01.013 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 564OP UT WOS:000275225200007 ER PT J AU Barratt, CLR Aitken, RJ Bjorndahl, L Carrell, DT de Boer, P Kvist, U Lewis, SEM Perreault, SD Perry, MJ Ramos, L Robaire, B Ward, S Zini, A AF Barratt, Christopher L. R. Aitken, R. John Bjorndahl, Lars Carrell, Douglas T. de Boer, Peter Kvist, Ulrik Lewis, Sheena E. M. Perreault, Sally D. Perry, Melissa J. Ramos, Liliana Robaire, Bernard Ward, Steven Zini, Armand TI Sperm DNA: organization, protection and vulnerability: from basic science to clinical applications-a position report SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE sperm DNA damage; sperm chromatin; male infertilty; ART ID CHROMATIN-STRUCTURE ASSAY; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID FRAGMENTATION; ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES; ORAL ANTIOXIDANT TREATMENT; IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; STRAND BREAK REPAIR; HUMAN-SPERMATOZOA; SEMEN QUALITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; HUMAN-FERTILITY AB This article reports the results of the most recent in a series of EHSRE workshops designed to synthesize the current state of the field in Andrology and provide recommendations for future work (for details see Appendix). Its focus is on methods for detecting sperm DNA damage and potential application of new knowledge about sperm chromatin organization, vulnerability and repair to improve the diagnosis and treatment of clinical infertility associated with that damage. Equally important is the use and reliability of these tests to identify the extent to which environmental contaminants or pharmaceutical agents may contribute to the incidence of sperm DNA damage and male fertility problems. A working group (for workshop details, see Appendix) under the auspices of ESHRE met in May 2009 to assess the current knowledgebase and suggest future basic and clinical research directions. This document presents a synthesis of the working group's understanding of the recent literature and collective discussions on the current state of knowledge of sperm chromatin structure and function during fertilization. It highlights the biological, assay and clinical uncertainties that require further research and ends with a series of 5 key recommendations. C1 [Barratt, Christopher L. R.] Univ Dundee, Ninewells Hosp, Ctr Oncol & Mol Med, Maternal & Child Hlth Sci Labs, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland. [Aitken, R. John] Univ Newcastle, Discipline Biol Sci, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. [Aitken, R. John] Univ Newcastle, ARC Ctr Excellence Biotechnol & Dev, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. [de Boer, Peter; Ramos, Liliana] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bjorndahl, Lars; Kvist, Ulrik] Karolinska Inst, S-14186 Stockholm, Sweden. [Bjorndahl, Lars; Kvist, Ulrik] Karolinska Univ Hosp, Ctr Androl & Sexual Med, S-14186 Stockholm, Sweden. [Carrell, Douglas T.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, IVF & Androl Labs, Dept Surg, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. [Carrell, Douglas T.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. [Carrell, Douglas T.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. [Perreault, Sally D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27710 USA. [Lewis, Sheena E. M.] Queens Univ Belfast, Inst Clin Sci, Reprod Med Ctr Publ Hlth, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Antrim, North Ireland. [Perry, Melissa J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Robaire, Bernard] McGill Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Montreal, PQ H3G 1Y6, Canada. [Ward, Steven] Univ Hawaii, Inst Biogenesis Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Zini, Armand] McGill Univ, St Marys Hosp, Dept Surg, Div Urol, Montreal, PQ H3T 1M5, Canada. RP Barratt, CLR (reprint author), Univ Dundee, Ninewells Hosp, Ctr Oncol & Mol Med, Maternal & Child Hlth Sci Labs, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland. EM c.barratt@dundee.ac.uk RI Ramos, L./L-4590-2015; OI Bjorndahl, Lars/0000-0002-4709-5807 FU Swedish Research Council; ESHRE FX Financial support from the Swedish Research Council and ESHRE. NR 142 TC 128 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD APR PY 2010 VL 25 IS 4 BP 824 EP 838 DI 10.1093/humrep/dep465 PG 15 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 572HH UT WOS:000275818200004 PM 20139429 ER PT J AU Egorov, AI Trimble, LMM Ascolillo, L Ward, HD Levy, DA Morris, RD Naumova, EN Griffiths, JK AF Egorov, A. I. Trimble, L. M. Montuori Ascolillo, L. Ward, H. D. Levy, D. A. Morris, R. D. Naumova, E. N. Griffiths, J. K. TI Recent Diarrhea is Associated with Elevated Salivary IgG Responses to Cryptosporidium in Residents of an Eastern Massachusetts Community SO INFECTION LA English DT Article ID ORAL FLUID COLLECTION; COAST-GUARD CUTTER; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; UNITED-STATES; WATERBORNE DISEASE; PARVUM; SURVEILLANCE; CHILDREN; ANTIGEN AB Background: Serological data suggest that Cryptosporidium infections are common but underreported. The invasiveness of blood sampling limits the application of serology in epidemiological surveillance. We pilot-tested a non-invasive salivary anti-Ctyptosporidium antibody assay in a community survey involving children and adults. Materials and Methods: Families with children were recruited in a Massachusetts community in July; symptoms data were collected at 3 monthly follow-up mail surveys. One saliva sample per person (n = 349) was collected via mail, with the last survey in October. Samples were analyzed for IgG and IgA responses to a recombinant C. hominis gp15 sporozoite protein using a time-resolved fluorometric immunoassay. Log-transformed assay results were regressed on age using penalized B-splines to account for the strong age-dependence of antibody reactions. Positive responses were defined as fluorescence values above the upper 99% prediction limit. Results: Forty-seven (13.5%) individuals had diarrhea without concurrent respiratory symptoms during the 3-month-long follow-up; eight of them had these symptoms during the month prior to saliva sampling. Two individuals had positive IgG responses: an adult who had diarrhea during the prior month and a child who had episodes of diarrhea during each survey month (Fisher's exact test for an association between diarrhea and IgG response: p = 0.0005 for symptoms during the prior month and p = 0.02 for symptoms during the entire follow-up period). The child also had a positive IgA response, along with two asymptomatic individuals (an association between diarrhea and IgA was not significant). Conclusion: These results suggest that the salivary IgG specific to Ctyptosporidium antigens warrants further evaluation as a potential indicator of recent infections. C1 [Egorov, A. I.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Egorov, A. I.; Trimble, L. M. Montuori; Ascolillo, L.; Ward, H. D.; Morris, R. D.; Naumova, E. N.; Griffiths, J. K.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ward, H. D.; Griffiths, J. K.] Tufts Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geog Med & Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Levy, D. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Griffiths, J. K.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Griffiths, J. K.] Tufts Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Griffiths, J. K.] Tufts Univ, Cummings Sch Vet Med, Grafton, MA USA. RP Egorov, AI (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,Mail Stop A110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM egorov.andrey@epa.gov RI Naumova, Elena/C-5954-2011; OI Naumova, Elena/0000-0002-9562-4734 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U 1161186, U 116566]; National Institutes of Health [R01 AI43415, R01 AI05786]; GRASP Digestive Diseases Center [P30 DK34928-18] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; grants U 1161186 and U 116566 to RDM and JKG), the National Institutes of Health (grants R01 AI43415 to JKG and R01 AI05786 to HDW), and the GRASP Digestive Diseases Center grant at Tufts-New England Medical Center (P30 DK34928-18). Preparation of this manuscript was funded in part by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The authors thank Anne Kane and the GRASP Intestinal Microbiology Core Laboratory for the production of recombinant antigens, the Director of the Newton Health Department, David Naparstek, for supporting this study, the numerous employees of Health and School departments for helping to organize the recruitment of study participants, and David Farrar (US EPA) for his helpful comments on the statistical data analysis. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU URBAN & VOGEL PI MUNICH PA NEUMARKTER STRASSE 43, D-81673 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0300-8126 J9 INFECTION JI Infection PD APR PY 2010 VL 38 IS 2 BP 117 EP 123 DI 10.1007/s15010-009-9323-4 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 584VI UT WOS:000276781100007 PM 20349105 ER PT J AU Carll, AP Haykal-Coates, N Winsett, DW Rowan, WH Hazari, MS Ledbetter, AD Nyska, A Cascio, WE Watkinson, WP Costa, DL Farraj, AK AF Carll, Alex P. Haykal-Coates, Najwa Winsett, Darrell W. Rowan, William H., III Hazari, Mehdi S. Ledbetter, Allen D. Nyska, Abraham Cascio, Wayne E. Watkinson, William P. Costa, Daniel L. Farraj, Aimen K. TI Particulate matter inhalation exacerbates cardiopulmonary injury in a rat model of isoproterenol-induced cardiomyopathy SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE-RATS; COMBUSTION-DERIVED PARTICLES; FLY-ASH PARTICLES; AIR-POLLUTION; PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; TRANSITION-METALS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RODENT MODEL AB Ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure is linked to cardiovascular events and death, especially among individuals with heart disease. A model of toxic cardiomyopathy was developed in Spontaneously Hypertensive Heart Failure (SHHF) rats to explore potential mechanisms. Rats were infused with isoproterenol (ISO; 2.5 mg/kg/day subcutaneous [sc]), a beta-adrenergic agonist, for 28 days and subsequently exposed to PM by inhalation. ISO induced tachycardia and hypotension throughout treatment followed by postinfusion decrements in heart rate, contractility, and blood pressures (systolic, diastolic, pulse), and fibrotic cardiomyopathy. Changes in heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) 17 days after ISO cessation indicated parasympathetic dominance with concomitantly altered ventilation. Rats were subsequently exposed to filtered air or Harvard Particle 12 (HP12) (12 mg/mAlthough risk assessments are typically conducted on a chemical-by-chemical basis, the 1996 Food Quality Protection Act required the US Environmental Protection Agency to consider cumulative risk of chemicals that act via a common mechanism of toxicity. To this end, we are conducting studies with mixtures of chemicals to elucidate mechanisms of joint action at the systemic level with the goal of providing a framework for assessing the cumulative effects of reproductive toxicants. Previous mixture studies conducted with antiandrogenic chemicals are reviewed briefly and two new studies are described. In all binary mixture studies, rats were dosed during pregnancy with chemicals, singly or in pairs, at dosage levels equivalent to approximately one-half of the ED50 for hypospadias or epididymal agenesis. The binary mixtures included androgen receptor (AR) antagonists (vinclozolin plus procymidone), phthalate esters [di(n-butyl) phthalate (DBP) plus benzyl n-butyl phthalate (BBP) and diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) plus DBP], a phthalate ester plus an AR antagonist (DBP plus procymidone), a mixed mechanism androgen signalling disruptor (linuron) plus BBP, and two chemicals which disrupt epididymal differentiation through entirely different toxicity pathways: DBP (AR pathway) plus 2,3,7,8 TCDD (AhR pathway). We also conducted multi-component mixture studies combining several 'antiandrogens'. In the first study, seven chemicals (four pesticides and three phthalates) that elicit antiandrogenic effects at two different sites in the androgen signalling pathway (i.e. AR antagonist or inhibition of androgen synthesis) were combined. In the second study, three additional phthalates were added to make a 10 chemical mixture. In both the binary mixture studies and the multi-component mixture studies, chemicals that targeted male reproductive tract development displayed cumulative effects that exceeded predictions based on a response-addition model and most often were in accordance with predictions based on dose-addition models. In summary, our results indicate that compounds that act by disparate mechanisms of toxicity to disrupt the dynamic interactions among the interconnected signalling pathways in differentiating tissues produce cumulative dose-additive effects, regardless of the mechanism or mode of action of the individual mixture component. C1 [Rider, C. V.; Furr, J. R.; Wilson, V. S.; Gray, L. E., Jr.] US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Branch, TA Div, NHEERL,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rider, C. V.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. RP Gray, LE (reprint author), US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Branch, TA Div, NHEERL,ORD, MD-72, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gray.earl@epa.gov OI Wilson, Vickie/0000-0003-1661-8481 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [1K99ES016806, K99 ES016806, K99 ES016806-01] NR 79 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0105-6263 J9 INT J ANDROL JI Int. J. Androl. PD APR PY 2010 VL 33 IS 2 BP 443 EP 462 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2009.01049.x PG 20 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 569XO UT WOS:000275636400038 PM 20487044 ER PT J AU Lunetta, RS Shao, Y Ediriwickrema, J Lyon, JG AF Lunetta, Ross S. Shao, Yang Ediriwickrema, Jayantha Lyon, John G. TI Monitoring agricultural cropping patterns across the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin using MODIS-NDVI data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION LA English DT Article DE Multi-temporal imagery analysis; Cropland categorization; MODIS-NDVI ID LAND-COVER CHANGE; TIME-SERIES; UNITED-STATES; FOURIER-ANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT; BIOFUELS; PLAINS; CORN AB The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) 16-day composite data product (MOD12Q) was used to develop annual cropland and crop-specific map products (corn, soybeans, and wheat) for the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin (GLB). The crop area distributions and changes in crop rotations were characterized by comparing annual crop map products for 2005, 2006, and 2007. The total acreages for corn and soybeans were relatively balanced for calendar years 2005 (31,462 km(2) and 31,283 km(2), respectively) and 2006 (30,766 km(2) and 30,972 km(2), respectively). Conversely, corn acreage increased approximately 21% from 2006 to 2007, while soybean and wheat acreage decreased approximately 9% and 21%, respectively. Two-year crop rotational change analyses were conducted for the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 time periods. The large increase in corn acreages for 2007 introduced crop rotation changes across the GLB. Compared to 2005-2006, crop rotation patterns for 2006-2007 resulted in increased corn-corn, soybean-corn, and wheat-corn rotations. The increased corn acreages could have potential negative impacts on nutrient loadings, pesticide exposures, and sediment-mediated habitat degradation. Increased in US corn acreages in 2007 were related to new biofuel mandates, while Canadian increases were attributed to higher world-wide corn prices. Additional study is needed to determine the potential impacts of increases in corn-based ethanol agricultural production on watershed ecosystems and receiving waters. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lunetta, Ross S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Shao, Yang] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ediriwickrema, Jayantha] Comp Sci Corp, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. [Lyon, John G.] US EPA, Off Sci Advisor, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Lunetta, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,E243-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lunetta.ross@epa.gov RI Shao, Yang/C-4760-2012 FU The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); EPA's Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) under the Advanced Monitoring Initiative (AMI) [35] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) funded and partially conducted the research described in this paper. Although this work was review by EPA and has been approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. Mention of any trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This research was partially funded by the EPA's Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) under the Advanced Monitoring Initiative (AMI) Grant Number 35. NR 41 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0303-2434 J9 INT J APPL EARTH OBS JI Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. PD APR PY 2010 VL 12 IS 2 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.jag.2009.11.005 PG 8 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 575SN UT WOS:000276088200002 ER PT J AU Rogozhin, A Gallaher, M Helfand, G McManus, W AF Rogozhin, Alex Gallaher, Michael Helfand, Gloria McManus, Walter TI Using indirect cost multipliers to estimate the total cost of adding new technology in the automobile industry SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Automotive; Indirect costs; Cost analysis; Multiplier; Retail price equivalent ID PRODUCT; METHODOLOGY AB in addition to the direct costs incurred during the vehicle production process, a manufacturer incurs certain indirect costs. These costs may be related to production, corporate operations, or selling. Cost analysts often use markup factors that relate indirect costs to the changes in direct costs. These factors are often called retail price equivalent (RPE) multipliers. However, there are concerns in using RPE multipliers in cost analysis. This study develops modified multipliers, referred to as indirect cost multipliers, and estimates them to range from 1.05 to 1.45 in the short run and from 1.02 to 1.26 in the long run. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rogozhin, Alex; Gallaher, Michael] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Helfand, Gloria] US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [McManus, Walter] Univ Michigan, Transportat Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Rogozhin, A (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM avr@rti.org; mpg@rti.org; Helfand.Gloria@epa.gov; watsmcm@umich.edu RI Rogozhin, Alexander/N-8835-2016 OI Rogozhin, Alexander/0000-0002-9554-673X NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5273 J9 INT J PROD ECON JI Int. J. Prod. Econ. PD APR PY 2010 VL 124 IS 2 BP 360 EP 368 DI 10.1016/j.ijpe.2009.11.031 PG 9 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 568MF UT WOS:000275525800006 ER PT J AU Spitzer, IM Marr, DR Glauser, MN AF Spitzer, Ian M. Marr, David R. Glauser, Mark N. TI Impact of manikin motion on particle transport in the breathing zone SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Breathing zone; Phase Doppler anemometry; Thermal plume; Particulate matter; Exposure ID DISPLACEMENT VENTILATED ROOMS; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; PERSONAL EXPOSURE; IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; FLOW AB The current experimental investigation is focused on particle measurements using phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) in the breathing zone of a seated, breathing, thermal manikin under stationary and rotational conditions. Particle size, concentration, flux, and velocity data were collected both at the chamber inlet and in the manikin's breathing zone throughout the breathing cycle. In addition, simple oscillatory motion was added through manikin rotation to determine the impact on particle transport. The application of such experimental equipment to aerosols in the indoor environment provides the opportunity to assess the capacity of the human thermal plume to act as a transport mechanism to carry particulate matter (PM) into the breathing zone. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Marr, David R.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Spitzer, Ian M.; Glauser, Mark N.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Marr, DR (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM marr.david@epa.gov FU Syracuse Center of Excellence EPA, U.S. EPA; NYSTAR Center for Env. Quality Systems; United States Environmental Protection Agency [CR 83199201-0] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the funding received through the Syracuse Center of Excellence EPA fellowship program, U.S. EPA and NYSTAR. The research described in this article has been funded in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency through cooperative agreement CR 83199201-0, NY STAR Center for Env. Quality Systems/EPA Indoor Environmental Research Program. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD APR PY 2010 VL 41 IS 4 BP 373 EP 383 DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2010.01.009 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 590HH UT WOS:000277215600005 ER PT J AU Mueller, GA Edwards, LL Aloor, JJ Fessler, MB Glesner, J Pomes, A Chapman, MD London, RE Pedersen, LC AF Mueller, Geoffrey A. Edwards, Lori L. Aloor, Jim J. Fessler, Michael B. Glesner, Jill Pomes, Anna Chapman, Martin D. London, Robert E. Pedersen, Lars C. TI The structure of the dust mite allergen Der p 7 reveals similarities to innate immune proteins SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Asthma; allergens; dust mites; Der p 7; LPS-binding protein; Toll-like receptor 4; lipopeptide; innate immunity ID T-CELL RESPONSES; BET V 1; BINDING-PROTEIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CROSS-REACTIVITY; MAJOR ALLERGEN; ASTHMA; FOLD; IGE AB Background: Sensitization to house dust mite allergens is strongly correlated with asthma. Der p 7 elicits strong IgE antibody and T-cell responses in patients with mite allergy. However, the structure and biological function of this important allergen are unknown. Allergen function might contribute to allergenicity, as shown for the protease activity of group I mite allergens and the interaction with the innate immune system by group 2 mite allergens. Objective: We sought to determine the crystal structure of Der p 7 and to investigate its biological function. Methods: X-ray crystallography was used to determine the Der p 7 structure. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and biochemical assays were used to examine the binding of Der p 7 to predicted ligands. Results: Der p 7 has an elongated structure, with two 4-stranded antiparallel beta-sheets that wrap around a long C-terminal helix. The fold of Der p 7 is similar to that of LPS-binding protein (LBP), which interacts with Toll-like receptors after binding LPS and other bacterially derived lipid ligands. Nuclear magnetic resonance and biochemical assays indicate that Der p 7 does not bind I,PS but binds with weak affinity to the bacterial lipopeptide polymyxin B in the predicted binding site of Der p 7. Conclusions: Der p 7 binds a bacterially derived lipid product, a common feature of some allergens. The finding that the group 7, as well as the group 2, mite allergens are structurally similar to different proteins in the Toll-like receptor pathway further strengthens the connections between dust mites, innate immunity, and allergy. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;125:909-17.) C1 [Mueller, Geoffrey A.; Edwards, Lori L.; London, Robert E.; Pedersen, Lars C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Edwards, Lori L.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Prot Express Core Facil, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Aloor, Jim J.; Fessler, Michael B.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Glesner, Jill; Pomes, Anna; Chapman, Martin D.] INDOOR Biotechnol Inc, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Mueller, GA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, 111 TW Alexander Dr MD-MR01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM mueller3@niehs.nih.gov OI Pomes, Anna/0000-0002-8729-1829 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [AI077653]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences FX Supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and by NIH grant AI077653 (A.P. and M.D.C.) from the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases.; Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: M. D. Chapman is an owner of Indoor Biotechnologies, Inc, and Indoor Biotechnologies Ltd and has received research support front the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences. The rest of the authors have declare that they have no conflict of interest. NR 57 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD APR PY 2010 VL 125 IS 4 BP 909 EP 917 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.016 PG 9 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 584XP UT WOS:000276787900018 PM 20226507 ER PT J AU Gilliam, RC Pleim, JE AF Gilliam, Robert C. Pleim, Jonathan E. TI Performance Assessment of New Land Surface and Planetary Boundary Layer Physics in the WRF-ARW SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 4-DIMENSIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; MESOSCALE METEOROLOGICAL MODEL; AIR-QUALITY SIMULATIONS; PART I; ALGORITHMS; SYSTEM; IMPACT AB The Pleim-Xiu land surface model, Pleim surface layer scheme, and Asymmetric Convective Model (version 2) are now options in version 3.0 of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) Advanced Research WRF (ARW) core. These physics parameterizations were developed for the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) and have been used extensively by the air quality modeling community, so there was a need based on several factors to extend these parameterizations to WRF. Simulations executed with the new WRF physics are compared with simulations produced with the MM5 and another WRF configuration with a focus on the replication of near-surface meteorological conditions and key planetary boundary layer features. The new physics in WRF is recommended for retrospective simulations, in particular, those used to drive air quality simulations. In the summer, the error of all variables analyzed was slightly lower across the domain in the WRF simulation that used the new physics than in the similar MM5 configuration. This simulation had an even lower error than the other more common WRF configuration. For the cold season case, the model simulation was not as accurate as the other simulations overall, but did well in terms of lower 2-m temperature error in the western part of the model domain ( plains and Rocky Mountains) and most of the Northeast. Both MM5 and the other WRF configuration had lower errors across much of the southern and eastern United States in the winter. The 2-m water vapor mixing ratio and 10-m wind were generally well simulated by the new physics suite in WRF when contrasted with the other simulations and modeling studies. Simulated planetary boundary layer features were compared with both wind profiler and aircraft observations, and the new WRF physics results in a more precise wind and temperature structure not only in the stable boundary layer, but also within most of the convective boundary layer. These results suggest that the WRF performance is now at or above the level of MM5. It is thus recommended to drive future air quality applications. C1 [Gilliam, Robert C.; Pleim, Jonathan E.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Gilliam, RC (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM gilliam.robert@epa.gov RI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017 OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 38 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD APR PY 2010 VL 49 IS 4 BP 760 EP 774 DI 10.1175/2009JAMC2126.1 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 594KU UT WOS:000277537400015 ER PT J AU Vane, LM Alvarez, FR Huang, Y Baker, RW AF Vane, Leland M. Alvarez, Franklin R. Huang, Yu Baker, Richard W. TI Experimental validation of hybrid distillation-vapor permeation process for energy efficient ethanol-water separation SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vapor permeation; distillation; dehydration; ethanol recovery ID RECOVERY AB BACKGROUND: The energy demand of distillation-based systems for ethanol recovery and dehydration can be significant, particularly for dilute solutions. An alternative separation process integrating vapor stripping with a vapor compression step and a vapor permeation membrane separation step, termed membrane assisted vapor stripping (MAVS), has been proposed. The hydrophilic membrane separates the ethanol-water vapor into water-rich permeate and ethanol-enriched retentate vapor streams from which latent and sensible heat can be recovered. The objective of this work was to demonstrate experimentally the performance of a MAVS system and to compare the observed performance with chemical process simulation results using a 5 wt% ethanol aqueous feed stream as the benchmark. RESULTS: Performance of the steam stripping column alone was consistent with chemical process simulations of a stripping tower with six stages of vapor liquid equilibria (VLE). The overhead vapor from the stripper contained about 40 wt% ethanol and required 6.0 MJ of fuel-equivalent energy per kg of ethanol recovered in the concentrate. Introduction of the vapor compressor and membrane separation unit and recovery of heat from both membrane permeate and retentate streams resulted in a retentate ethanol concentrate containing ca 80 wt% ethanol, but requiring only 2.2 MJ fuel kg(-1) ethanol, significantly less than steam stripping alone. CONCLUSION: Performance of the experimental unit with a 5 wt% ethanol feed liquid corroborated chemical process simulation predictions for the energy requirement of the MAVS system, demonstrating a 63% reduction in the fuel-equivalent energy requirement for MAVS compared with conventional steam stripping or distillation. Published 2009 by John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. C1 [Vane, Leland M.; Alvarez, Franklin R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Huang, Yu; Baker, Richard W.] Membrane Technol & Res Inc, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Vane, LM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Vane.Leland@epa.gov FU Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc.; US Department of Energy FX The authors wish to thank Dr Shekar Govindaswamy of Lakeshore Engineering for preparing the fermentation broth sample and Don Schupp of Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc. for project support. This work is part of a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between the USEPA and Membrane Technology and Research. This project was funded, in part, by a Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) grant from the US Department of Energy to Membrane Technology and Research. NR 13 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 15 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-2575 J9 J CHEM TECHNOL BIOT JI J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2010 VL 85 IS 4 BP 502 EP 511 DI 10.1002/jctb.2318 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering GA 583FJ UT WOS:000276658500010 ER PT J AU Rossi, L Jennings, S AF Rossi, Lois Jennings, Susan TI Bed Bugs: A Public Health Problem in Need of a Collaborative Solution SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material AB Editor's Note: This article is part of our series of columns sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EP/Vs) Community Action for a Renewed Environment (CARE) program. The CARE program brings columns to the Journal that reflect the U.S. EPA programs, tools, or approaches to help local communities address a wide variety of environmental health issues. We think this column is of interest to a broad range of environmental health professionals. The agency will report here on the activities and lessons learned from communities across the nation and describe the range of U.S. EPA resources and programs available to support local environmental health initiatives. This column will also help keep readers up-to-date on U.S. ERVs progress in building partnerships that span federal, state, and local environmental and environmental health agencies. We believe that this column is an indication of U.S. EPA's commitment to joining with environmental health professionals to better meet the needs of communities, and we are pleased to make it available to our readers. Lois Rossi is the director of the Registration Division at U.S. EP/Vs Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) and is responsible for the regulation of all conventional pesticides. Throughout her tenure at U.S. EPA, Lois has been a champion of and provided leadership for public health initiatives involving pesticides. She was one of the major forces behind last year's Bed Bug Summit, and is actively working to promote global review and availability of pesticides with public health uses. Rossi received an MS in biostatistics and epidemiology from Georgetown University, School of Community Medicine and a BA in zoology from the University of New Hampshire. Susan Jennings is the public health officer for U.S. EPA's Office of Pesticide Programs. She works to promote and coordinate the concerns of stakeholders for pesticides with public health uses across OPP C1 [Rossi, Lois; Jennings, Susan] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Registrat Div, Washington, DC USA. RP Jennings, S (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Registrat Div, Washington, DC USA. EM Jennings.susan@epa.gov NR 0 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 12 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD APR PY 2010 VL 72 IS 8 BP 34 EP 35 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 581PG UT WOS:000276535700007 PM 20420053 ER PT J AU Myers, SL Lobdell, DT Liu, Z Xia, Y Ren, H Li, Y Kwok, RK Mumford, JL Mendola, P AF Myers, S. L. Lobdell, D. T. Liu, Z. Xia, Y. Ren, H. Li, Y. Kwok, R. K. Mumford, J. L. Mendola, P. TI Maternal drinking water arsenic exposure and perinatal outcomes in Inner Mongolia, China SO JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; INFANT-MORTALITY; HEALTH; BANGLADESH; METABOLITES; TOXICITY; COHORT; BIRTH; WOMEN AB Background Bayingnormen is a region located in western Inner Mongolia China, with a population that is exposed to a wide range of drinking water arsenic concentrations. The relationship between maternal drinking water arsenic exposure and perinatal endpoints ( term birth weight, preterm birth, stillbirth and neonatal death) in this region was evaluated in this study. Methods An analysis was conducted of all singleton deliveries in a defined geographical area of Inner Mongolia from December 1996 to December 1999 (n = 9890). Outcome and covariate data were abstracted from prenatal care records. Exposure was based on well-water measures for the maternal subvillage. Mean birth weight at term was compared across four arsenic categories using analysis of covariance. ORs for stillbirth, preterm birth and neonatal death were estimated by logistic regression with arsenic exposure dichotomised at 50 mu g/l. Results Term birth weight was 0.05 kg higher (95% CI 0.02 to 0.08) in the highest exposure category (>100 mu g/l) compared to the reference ( below limit of detection to 20 mu g/l). Arsenic > 50 mu g/l was associated with an increased risk of neonatal death (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.12 to 3.59). No relationship was found between maternal arsenic exposure and preterm or stillbirth delivery. Conclusions At the levels observed in our study, arsenic does not appear to contribute to adverse birth outcomes. Exposure may play a role in neonatal death; however, the neonatal death rate in this population was low and this potential association merits further research. C1 [Lobdell, D. T.; Mumford, J. L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Myers, S. L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Liu, Z.; Ren, H.; Li, Y.] Ba Men Antiepidem Stn, Ba Men, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China. [Xia, Y.] Inner Mongolia Ctr Endem Dis Control & Res, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China. [Kwok, R. K.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Mendola, P.] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Lobdell, DT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD58A, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lobdell.danelle@epa.gov RI Kwok, Richard/B-6907-2017; OI Kwok, Richard/0000-0002-6794-8360; Mendola, Pauline/0000-0001-5330-2844 FU National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency and the Inner Mongolia Center for Endemic Disease Control and Research in Inner Mongolia, China [R-82808401] FX This research was conducted under US Environmental Protection Agency Cooperative Agreement (R-82808401) between the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency and the Inner Mongolia Center for Endemic Disease Control and Research in Inner Mongolia, China. NR 32 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 13 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0143-005X J9 J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H JI J. Epidemiol. Community Health PD APR PY 2010 VL 64 IS 4 BP 325 EP 329 DI 10.1136/jech.2008.084392 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 574ZN UT WOS:000276032900010 PM 19692727 ER PT J AU Albarran-Juarez, J Gilsbach, R Piekorz, R Pexa, K Beetz, N Schneider, J Nuernberg, B Birnbaumer, L Hein, L AF Albarran-Juarez, J. Gilsbach, R. Piekorz, R. Pexa, K. Beetz, N. Schneider, J. Nuernberg, B. Birnbaumer, L. Hein, L. TI Modulation of alpha(2)-Adrenoceptor Functions by Heterotrimeric G alpha(i) Protein Isoforms (vol 331, pg 35, 2009) SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Correction C1 [Birnbaumer, L.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neurobiol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD APR PY 2010 VL 333 IS 1 BP 351 EP 351 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 571YT UT WOS:000275793200037 ER PT J AU Barth, EF Forbes, R Clark, P Foote, E McConnell, LL AF Barth, Edwin F. Forbes, Robert Clark, Patrick Foote, Eric McConnell, Laura L. TI Evaluation of Odors Associated with Land Application of Biosolids SO JOURNAL OF RESIDUALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB An odor study was performed at a biosolids application demonstration site using several different gas collection devices and analytical methods to determine changes in air concentration of several organic and inorganic compounds associated with biosolids application over various time periods. Various organic and inorganic odorants were detected at 1 5 m above the ground surface within the biosolids application zone area immediately after application They then decreased to non-detectable levels within 196 h after application, consistent with other biosolids application studies. Air samples collected from flux chambers installed within the application zone contained detectable concentrations of various organic odorants immediately after biosolids application. The concentrations of these odorants may have been influenced by the increased temperature within the flux chambers, and the change in concentration of these odorants over time was affected by the various sample analysis method. Airborne concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide rapidly decreased within 4 h after biosolids application, and they further decreased to non-detectable levels within 196 h after application. The highest measurements for both ammonia and hydrogen sulfide did not approach any health criterion or guidance levels for these compounds. The effects of the specific biosolids process and management variables on odor generation were not studied C1 [Barth, Edwin F.; Clark, Patrick] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Forbes, Robert] CH2M Hill Inc, Charlotte, NC USA. [Foote, Eric] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH USA. [McConnell, Laura L.] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Barth, EF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA SN 1544-8053 J9 J RESIDUALS SCI TECH JI J. Residuals Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2010 VL 7 IS 2 BP 73 EP 80 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 586ZZ UT WOS:000276957000001 ER PT J AU Mayer, PM Todd, AH Okay, JA Dwire, KA AF Mayer, Paul M. Todd, Albert H. Okay, Judith A. Dwire, Kathleen A. TI Introduction to the Featured Collection on Riparian Ecosystems & Buffers1 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID WATERSHEDS; ECOLOGY; FOREST C1 [Mayer, Paul M.] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Todd, Albert H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Okay, Judith A.] Northeastern Area, Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Dwire, Kathleen A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Mayer, PM (reprint author), US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM mayer.paul@epa.gov OI Mayer, Paul/0000-0002-8550-1386 NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD APR PY 2010 VL 46 IS 2 BP 207 EP 210 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00425.x PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 577KY UT WOS:000276223200001 ER PT J AU Olah-Hemmings, V Jaeger, JR Sredl, MJ Schlaepfer, MA Jennings, RD Drost, CA Bradford, DF Riddle, BR AF Olah-Hemmings, V. Jaeger, J. R. Sredl, M. J. Schlaepfer, M. A. Jennings, R. D. Drost, C. A. Bradford, D. F. Riddle, B. R. TI Phylogeography of declining relict and lowland leopard frogs in the desert Southwest of North America SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lithobates; mitochondrial DNA; Mojave Desert; population structure; Rana onca; Rana yavapaiensis; Sonoran Desert ID RANA-PIPIENS COMPLEX; SPECIES GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONS; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; POPULATION-GROWTH; NEOGENE VICARIANCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DIVERGENCE; EVOLUTION; SOFTWARE AB We investigated the phylogeography of the closely related relict leopard frog Rana onca (=Lithobates onca) and lowland leopard frog Rana yavapaiensis (=Lithobates yavapaiensis) - two declining anurans from the warm-desert regions of south-western North America. We used sequence data from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to assess 276 individuals representing 30 sites from across current distributions. Our analysis supports a previously determined phylogenetic break between these taxa, and we found no admixing of R. onca and R. yavapaiensis haplotypes within our extensive sampling of sites. Our phylogeographic assessment, however, further divided R. yavapaiensis into two distinct mtDNA lineages, one representing populations across Arizona and northern Mexico and the other a newly discovered population within the western Grand Canyon, Arizona. Estimates of sequence evolution indicate a possible Early Pleistocene divergence of R. onca and R. yavapaiensis, followed by a Middle Pleistocene separation of the western Grand Canyon population of R. yavapaiensis from the main R. yavapaiensis clade. Phylogeographic and demographic analyses indicate population or range expansion for R. yavapaiensis within its core distribution that appears to predate the latest glacial maximum. Species distribution models under current and latest glacial climatic conditions suggest that R. onca and R. yavapaiensis may not have greatly shifted ranges. C1 [Olah-Hemmings, V.; Jaeger, J. R.; Riddle, B. R.] Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Jaeger, J. R.] Univ Nevada, Publ Lands Inst, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Sredl, M. J.] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Nongame Branch, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Schlaepfer, M. A.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Jennings, R. D.] Western New Mexico Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Silver City, NM USA. [Drost, C. A.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Bradford, D. F.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Jaeger, JR (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, 4505 S Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM jef.jaeger@unlv.edu RI Munguia-Vega, Adrian/G-8417-2012 FU Clark County Desert Conservation Program; Southern Nevada Public Lands Management Act [2005-UNLV-575-P] FX We are grateful to Julio Lemos-Espinal, Lisa Gelczis, Stephen Hale, David Hillis and James Rorabaugh for samples or for their assistance with sampling, to Lois Alexander, Robert Bryson Jr, Tereza Jezkova and Simon Ho for valuable assistance and discussion, and to Matthew Graham for work on the SDMs. This research was supported, in part, by the Clark County Desert Conservation Program and funded by Southern Nevada Public Lands Management Act (as project # 2005-UNLV-575-P to J.R.J.) under efforts to implement or develop the Clark County Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan. Further support was provided by grants to V.O-H. from the Graduate and Professional Student Association, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) and from a Major Research Instrumentation Grant DBI-0421519 to UNLV provided by the National Science Foundation. NR 67 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0952-8369 J9 J ZOOL JI J. Zool. PD APR PY 2010 VL 280 IS 4 BP 343 EP 354 DI 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00667.x PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 571OH UT WOS:000275763000004 ER PT J AU Ross, JA Blackman, CF Thai, SF Li, ZG Kohan, M Jones, CP Chen, T AF Ross, Jeffrey A. Blackman, Carl F. Thai, Sheau-Fung Li, Zhiguang Kohan, Michael Jones, Carlton P. Chen, Tao TI A Potential microRNA Signature for Tumorigenic Conazoles in Mouse Liver SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE microRNA; conazole; fungicides; tumorigenicity; expression ID PROFILES; CANCER; FUNGICIDES; EXPRESSION; PROPICONAZOLE; MYCLOBUTANIL; TRIADIMEFON AB Triadimefon, propiconazole, and myclobutanil are conazoles, an important class of agricultural fungicides. Triadimefon and propiconazole are mouse liver tumorigens, while myclobutanil is not. As part of a coordinated study to understand the molecular determinants of conazole tumorigenicity, we analyzed the microRNA expression levels in control and conazole-treated mice after 90 d of administration in feed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs composed of approximately 19-24 nucleotides in length, and have been shown to interact with mRNA (usually 3' UTR) to suppress its expression. MicroRNAs play a key role in diverse biological processes, including development, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Groups of mice were fed either control diet or diet containing 1800 ppm triadimefon, 2500 ppm propiconazole, or 2000 ppm myclobutanil. MicroRNA was isolated from livers and analyzed using Superarray whole mouse genome miRNA PCR arrays from SABioscience. Data were analyzed using the significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) procedure. We identified those miRNAs whose expression was either increased or decreased relative to untreated controls with q <= 0.01. The tumorigenic conazoles induced many more changes in miRNA expression than the nontumorigenic conazole. A group of 19 miRNAs was identified whose expression was significantly altered in both triadimefon- and propiconazole-treated animals but not in myclobutanil-treated animals. All but one of the altered miRNAs were downregulated compared to controls. This pattern of altered miRNA expression may represent a signature for tumorigenic conazole exposure in mouse liver after 90 d of treatment. Published 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 [Ross, Jeffrey A.; Blackman, Carl F.; Thai, Sheau-Fung; Kohan, Michael; Jones, Carlton P.] US EPA, NHEERL, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Li, Zhiguang; Chen, Tao] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Genet & Reprod Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. RP Ross, JA (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD B143-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RI Ross, Jeffrey/E-4782-2010; OI Ross, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7002-4548; Blackman, Carl/0000-0003-3267-5224 NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0899-1987 J9 MOL CARCINOGEN JI Mol. Carcinog. PD APR PY 2010 VL 49 IS 4 BP 320 EP 323 DI 10.1002/mc.20620 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology GA 584CY UT WOS:000276728900002 PM 20175128 ER PT J AU Rao, JS Harry, GJ Rapoport, SI Kim, HW AF Rao, J. S. Harry, G. J. Rapoport, S. I. Kim, H. W. TI Increased excitotoxicity and neuroinflammatory markers in postmortem frontal cortex from bipolar disorder patients SO MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE bipolar disorder; IL-1beta; NMDA receptors; excitotoxicity; inflammation; postmortem brain ID MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; CYTOSOLIC PHOSPHOLIPASE A(2); TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; D-ASPARTATE RECEPTOR; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; GENE-EXPRESSION; INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR AB Reports of cognitive decline, symptom worsening and brain atrophy in bipolar disorder (BD) suggest that the disease progresses over time. The worsening neuropathology may involve excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation. We determined protein and mRNA levels of excitotoxicity and neuroinflammatory markers in postmortem frontal cortex from 10 BD patients and 10 age-matched controls. The brain tissue was matched for age, postmortem interval and pH. The results indicated statistically significant lower protein and mRNA levels of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, NR-1 and NR-3A, but significantly higher protein and mRNA levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R), myeloid differentiation factor 88, nuclear factor-kappa B subunits, and astroglial and microglial markers (glial fibrillary acidic protein, inducible nitric oxide synthase, c-fos and CD11b) in postmortem frontal cortex from BD compared with control subjects. There was no significant difference in mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha or neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the same region. These data show the presence of excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation in BD frontal cortex, with particular activation of the IL-R cascade. The changes may account for reported evidence of disease progression in BD and be a target for future therapy. Molecular Psychiatry (2010) 15, 384-392; doi: 10.1038/mp.2009.47; published online 2 June 2009 C1 [Rao, J. S.; Rapoport, S. I.; Kim, H. W.] NIA, Brain Physiol & Metab Sect, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Harry, G. J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Toxicol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Rao, JS (reprint author), NIA, Brain Physiol & Metab Sect, NIH, Buld 9,Room 1S-126,9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM jrao@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute on Aging; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health Bethesda [MD 20892] FX We thank the Harvard Brain Bank, Boston, MA for providing the postmortem brain samples under PHS grant number R24MH068855. This research was entirely supported by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD 20892. We thank the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the Center for Cancer Research (CCR) Fellows Editorial Board for proofreading the manuscript. NR 55 TC 174 Z9 177 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1359-4184 J9 MOL PSYCHIATR JI Mol. Psychiatr. PD APR PY 2010 VL 15 IS 4 BP 384 EP 392 DI 10.1038/mp.2009.47 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 573QH UT WOS:000275929100007 PM 19488045 ER PT J AU Roper, BB Buffington, JM Bennett, S Lanigan, SH Archer, E Downie, ST Faustini, J Hillman, TW Hubler, S Jones, K Jordan, C Kaufmann, PR Merritt, G Moyer, C Pleus, A AF Roper, Brett B. Buffington, John M. Bennett, Stephen Lanigan, Steven H. Archer, Eric Downie, Scott T. Faustini, John Hillman, Tracy W. Hubler, Shannon Jones, Kim Jordan, Chris Kaufmann, Philip R. Merritt, Glenn Moyer, Chris Pleus, Allen TI A Comparison of the Performance and Compatibility of Protocols Used by Seven Monitoring Groups to Measure Stream Habitat in the Pacific Northwest SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID FISH HABITAT; HYDRAULIC ROUGHNESS; CHINOOK SALMON; PEBBLE COUNTS; GRAVEL; DISTRIBUTIONS; RESTORATION; PROGRAMS; CONSERVATION; VARIABILITY AB To comply with legal mandates, meet local management objectives, or both, many federal, state, and tribal organizations have monitoring groups that assess stream habitat at different scales. This myriad of groups has difficulty sharing data and scaling up stream habitat assessments to regional or national levels because of differences in their goals and data collection methods. To assess the performance of and potential for data sharing among monitoring groups, we compared measurements made by seven monitoring groups in 12 stream reaches in northeastern Oregon. We evaluated (1) the consistency (repeatability) of the measurements within each group, (2) the ability of the measurements to reveal environmental heterogeneity, (3) the compatibility of the measurements among monitoring groups, and (4) the relationships of the measurements to values determined from more intensive sampling (detailed measurements used as a standard for accuracy and precision in this study). Overall, we found that some stream attributes were consistently measured both within and among groups. Furthermore, for all but one group there was a moderate correlation (0.50) between the group measurements and the intensive values for at least 50% of the channel attributes. However, none of the monitoring groups were able to achieve high consistency for all measured stream attributes, and few of the measured attributes had the potential for being shared among all groups. Given the high cost of stream habitat monitoring, we suggest directing more effort to developing approaches that will increase the consistency and compatibility of measured stream attributes so that they will have broader utility. Ultimately, local monitoring programs should consider incorporating regional and national objectives so that data can be scaled up and the returns to limited monitoring dollars can be maximized across spatial scales. C1 [Bennett, Stephen] Utah State Univ, Watershed Sci Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Pleus, Allen] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. [Roper, Brett B.; Archer, Eric] US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Buffington, John M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Lanigan, Steven H.] Aquat & Riparian Effectiveness Monitoring Program, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Downie, Scott T.] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Fortuna, CA 95540 USA. [Faustini, John] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Hillman, Tracy W.] BioAnalysts, Boise, ID 83713 USA. [Hubler, Shannon] Oregon Dept Environm Qual, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Jones, Kim] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Jordan, Chris] US EPA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Merritt, Glenn] Washington Dept Ecol, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. [Moyer, Chris] Aquat & Riparian Effectiveness Monitoring Program, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Bennett, S (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Watershed Sci Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM bennett.ecological@gmail.com RI Roper, Brett/F-2891-2010; Faustini, John/A-8378-2009 FU US Forest Service; Environmental Protection Agency; Bureau of Land Management; NOAA Fisheries; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Bonneville Power Administration; states of Washington, Oregon, and California; Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission FX We thank the Independent Scientific Advisory Board (Northwest Power and Conservation Council) for study plan comments, and we thank two anonymous reviewers and the associate editor for constructive comments that improved the manuscript. The University of Idaho provided field equipment that was ably used by Patrick Kormos, Darek Elverud, Russ Nelson, Brian Ragan, and Kathy Seyedbagheri. This project was a collaborative effort of the Pacific Northwest Aquatic Monitoring Partnership and was funded by US Forest Service, Environmental Protection Agency, Bureau of Land Management, NOAA Fisheries, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bonneville Power Administration, the states of Washington, Oregon, and California, and the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission. NR 76 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD APR PY 2010 VL 30 IS 2 BP 565 EP 587 DI 10.1577/M09-061.1 PG 23 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 599XP UT WOS:000277947800021 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, J Shah, I AF Wambaugh, John Shah, Imran TI Simulating Microdosimetry in a Virtual Hepatic Lobule SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; RAT-LIVER; METABOLIC HETEROGENEITY; DRUG CLEARANCE; TOXICOLOGY; MODEL; HEPATOCYTES; MICROSCOPY; SINUSOIDS; TOXICITY AB The liver plays a key role in removing harmful chemicals from the body and is therefore often the first tissue to suffer potentially adverse consequences. To protect public health it is necessary to quantitatively estimate the risk of long-term low dose exposure to environmental pollutants. Animal testing is the primary tool for extrapolating human risk but it is fraught with uncertainty, necessitating novel alternative approaches. Our goal is to integrate in vitro liver experiments with agent-based cellular models to simulate a spatially extended hepatic lobule. Here we describe a graphical model of the sinusoidal network that efficiently simulates portal to centrilobular mass transfer in the hepatic lobule. We analyzed the effects of vascular topology and metabolism on the cell-level distribution following oral exposure to chemicals. The spatial distribution of metabolically inactive chemicals was similar across different vascular networks and a baseline well-mixed compartment. When chemicals were rapidly metabolized, concentration heterogeneity of the parent compound increased across the vascular network. As a result, our spatially extended lobule generated greater variability in dose-dependent cellular responses, in this case apoptosis, than were observed in the classical well-mixed liver or in a parallel tubes model. The mass-balanced graphical approach to modeling the hepatic lobule is computationally efficient for simulating long-term exposure, modular for incorporating complex cellular interactions, and flexible for dealing with evolving tissues. C1 [Wambaugh, John; Shah, Imran] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Wambaugh, J (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wambaugh.john@epa.gov OI Wambaugh, John/0000-0002-4024-534X FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. This research has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Reference to specific commercial products or services does not constitute endorsement. NR 44 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-734X J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD APR PY 2010 VL 6 IS 4 AR e1000756 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000756 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 602GA UT WOS:000278125300031 PM 20421935 ER PT J AU Newbold, SC Massey, DM AF Newbold, Stephen C. Massey, D. Matthew TI Recreation demand estimation and valuation in spatially connected systems SO RESOURCE AND ENERGY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Spatial Natural Resource and Environmental Economics CY SEP, 2008 CL Univ Wyoming, Dept Econ & Finance, Laramie, WY HO Univ Wyoming, Dept Econ & Finance DE Bioeconomic; Site-choice model; Spatial spillovers ID WATER-QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS; IDEAL-FREE DISTRIBUTION; RANDOM UTILITY-MODELS; NESTED LOGIT-MODELS; PREFERENCE; RESOURCES AB Recreation demand models frequently are used to explain outdoor recreation behavior and to estimate willingness to pay for changes in environmental quality at recreation sites. Among the most commonly used recreation demand models are site choice models based on the multinomial logit framework, which account for the spatial relationships between each recreator's home and multiple alternative destinations thereby capturing the substitution possibilities among recreation sites. However, standard applications of this framework typically do not account for the possibility of spatial connections among the sites via movements of the target species, such as fish in connected water bodies in recreational angling applications or terrestrial species in hunting or wildlife viewing applications. In this paper we examine aspects of environmental valuation and natural resource dynamics that generally are addressed separately. Specifically, we show that in such spatially connected systems, a "reduced form" application of the standard site choice modeling approach, using proxy measures of environmental quality rather than direct measures of species abundances, can produce biased estimates of willingness to pay for environmental improvements. Furthermore, we show that under some conditions poorly targeted environmental improvements in spatially connected systems can lead to welfare decreases. In such systems a structural model of recreator site choices and species sorting behavior and population dynamics may be required to fully account for the spatial linkages among sites and the feedback effects between recreators and the target species. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Newbold, Stephen C.; Massey, D. Matthew] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Newbold, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM newbold.steve@epa.gov; massey.matt@epa.gov NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-7655 EI 1873-0221 J9 RESOUR ENERGY ECON JI Resour. Energy Econ. PD APR PY 2010 VL 32 IS 2 SI SI BP 222 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.reseneeco.2009.11.014 PG 19 WC Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 575YP UT WOS:000276109900009 ER PT J AU Musson, SE Campo, P Tolaymat, T Suidan, M Townsend, TG AF Musson, Stephen E. Campo, Pablo Tolaymat, Thabet Suidan, Makram Townsend, Timothy G. TI Assessment of the anaerobic degradation of six active pharmaceutical ingredients SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Anaerobic degradation; Pharmaceutical; PPCP; Sorption ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; COEFFICIENT K-D; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; TREATMENT PLANTS; MUSK FRAGRANCES; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; WASTE; ESTROGENS; BIODEGRADATION; DIGESTION AB Research examined the anaerobic degradation of 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol, acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, metoprolol tartrate, and progesterone by methanogenic bacteria. Using direct sample analysis and respirometric testing, anaerobic degradation was examined with (a) each compound as the sole organic carbon source and (b) each compound at a lower concentration (250 mu g/L) and cellulose serving as the primary organic carbon source. The change in pharmaceutical concentration was determined following 7, 28, 56, and 112 days of anaerobic incubation at 37 degrees C. Only acetylsalicylic acid demonstrated significant degradation; the remaining compounds showed a mixture of degradation and abiotic removal mechanisms. Experimental results were compared with BIOWIN, an anaerobic degradation prediction model of the US Environmental Protection Agency. The BIOWIN model predicted anaerobic biodegradability of the compounds in the order: acetylsalicylic acid > metoprolol tartrate > ibuprofen > acetaminophen > 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol > progesterone. This corresponded well with the experimental findings which found degradability in the order: acetylsalicylic acid > metoprolol tartrate > acetaminophen > ibuprofen. Published by Elsevier BM. C1 [Tolaymat, Thabet] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Musson, Stephen E.; Townsend, Timothy G.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Campo, Pablo; Suidan, Makram] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Tolaymat, T (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Tolaymat.Thabet@epamail.epa.gov RI Townsend, Timothy/D-1981-2009; Campo, Pablo/K-7673-2015 OI Townsend, Timothy/0000-0002-1222-0954; Campo, Pablo/0000-0001-8569-9620 FU Hinkley Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX Support for this research was provided by the Hinkley Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management and the United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development National Risk Management Research Laboratory. The paper has not been subjected to the Agency's internal review; therefore, the opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD APR 1 PY 2010 VL 408 IS 9 BP 2068 EP 2074 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.042 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 580FZ UT WOS:000276434500007 PM 20163824 ER PT J AU Cho, HY Kleeberger, SR AF Cho, Hye-Youn Kleeberger, Steven R. TI Nrf2 protects against airway disorders SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ARE; Keap1; Lung; Knockout mice; Oxidant; Polymorphism; Mutation ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE ELEMENT; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF2; INDUCED LUNG INJURY; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; EXTRACELLULAR-SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY-FIBROSIS; TRANSPEPTIDASE-DEFICIENT MICE; INDUCED INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; ADENOVIRUS-MEDIATED TRANSFER AB Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a ubiquitous master transcription factor that regulates antioxidant response elements (AREs)-mediated expression of antioxidant enzyme and cytoprotective proteins. In the unstressed condition, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) suppresses cellular Nrf2 in cytoplasm and drives its proteasomal degradation. Nrf2 can be activated by diverse stimuli including oxidants, pro-oxidants, antioxidants, and chemopreventive agents. Nrf2 induces cellular rescue pathways against oxidative injury, abnormal inflammatory and immune responses, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. Application of Nrf2 germ-line mutant mice has identified an extensive range of protective roles for Nrf2 in experimental models of human disorders in the liver, gastrointestinal tract, air-way, kidney, brain, circulation, and immune or nerve system. In the lung, lack of Nrf2 exacerbated toxicity caused by multiple oxidative insults including supplemental respiratory therapy (e.g., hyperoxia, mechanical ventilation), cigarette smoke, allergen, virus, bacterial endotoxin and other inflammatory agents (e.g., carrageenin), environmental pollution (e.g., particles), and a fibrotic agent bleomycin. Microarray analyses and bioinformatic studies elucidated functional AREs and Nrf2-directed genes that are critical components of signaling mechanisms in pulmonary protection by Nrf2. Association of loss of function with promoter polymorphisms in NRF2 or somatic and epigenetic mutations in KEAP1 and NRF2 has been found in cohorts of patients with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome Or lung cancer, which further supports the role for NRF2 in these lung diseases. In the Current review, we address the role of Nrf2 in airways based on emerging evidence from experimental oxidative disease models and human studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Cho, Hye-Youn; Kleeberger, Steven R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Cho, HY (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, NIH, Bldg 101,MD D-201,111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM cho2@niehs.nih.gov NR 183 TC 94 Z9 100 U1 2 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD APR 1 PY 2010 VL 244 IS 1 SI SI BP 43 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2009.07.024 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 573DU UT WOS:000275889400007 PM 19646463 ER PT J AU Subramanian, SB Yan, S Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Subramanian, S. Bala Yan, S. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) producing bacterial strains of municipal wastewater sludge: Isolation, molecular identification, EPS characterization and performance for sludge settling and dewatering SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Slime; EPS; Zeta potential; Microorganisms; Bioflocculation and sludge ID ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; EXOPOLYMERIC SUBSTANCES; BIOFLOCCULATION; DEWATERABILITY; MICROSCOPY AB Wastewater treatment plants often face the problems of sludge settling mainly due to sludge bulking. Generally, synthetic organic polymer and/or inorganic coagulants (ferric chloride, alum and quick lime) are used for sludge settling. These chemicals are very expensive and further pollute the environment. Whereas, the bioflocculants are environment friendly and may be used to flocculate the sludge. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by sludge microorganisms play a definite role in sludge flocculation. In this study, 25 EPS producing strains were isolated from municipal wastewater treatment plant. Microorganisms were selected based on EPS production properties on solid agar medium. Three types of EPS (slime, capsular and bacterial broth mixture of both slime and capsular) were harvested and their characteristics were studied. EPS concentration (dry weight), viscosity and their charge (using a Zetaphoremeter) were also measured. Bioflocculability of obtained EPS was evaluated by measuring the kaolin clay flocculation activity. Six bacterial strains (BS2, BS8, BS9, BS11, BS15 and BS25) were selected based on the kaolin clay flocculation. The slime EPS was better for bioflocculation than capsular EPS and bacterial broth. Therefore, extracted slime EPS (partially purified) from six bacterial strains was studied in terms of sludge settling [sludge volume index (SVI)] and dewatering [capillary suction time (CST)]. Biopolymers produced by individual strains substantially improved dewaterability. The extracted slime EPS from six different strains were partially characterized. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Subramanian, S. Bala; Yan, S.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, 490 Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca OI Sellamuthu, Balassubramanian/0000-0002-7018-6854 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A 4984]; Fonds quebecois de la recherche sur la nature et les technologies to Quebec FX The authors sincerely thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (grant A 4984, Canada Research Chair) for their financial support. Thanks to the Fonds quebecois de la recherche sur la nature et les technologies to Quebec for providing Ph.D. Scholarship to S. Balasubramanian. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and should not be construed as the opinions of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 34 TC 60 Z9 71 U1 12 U2 108 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD APR PY 2010 VL 44 IS 7 BP 2253 EP 2266 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2009.12.046 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 583IU UT WOS:000276668700018 ER PT J AU Huling, SG Hwang, S AF Huling, Scott G. Hwang, Sangchul TI Iron amendment and Fenton oxidation of MTBE-spent granular activated carbon SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Iron; Activated carbon; Hydrogen peroxide; Methyl tert-butyl ether; Oxidation; Anion ID DRIVEN OXIDATION; ARSENIC REMOVAL; ACID TREATMENTS; PARTICLE-SIZE; GROUND-WATER; REAGENT; GAC; REGENERATION; TEMPERATURE; ADSORPTION AB Fenton-driven regeneration of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)-spent granular activated carbon (GAC) involves an Fe amendment step to increase the Fe content and to enhance the extent of MTBE oxidation and GAC regeneration. Four forms of iron (ferric sulfate, ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, ferrous sulfate) were amended separately to GAC. Following Fe amendment, MTBE was adsorbed to the GAC followed by multiple applications of H(2)O(2). Fe retention in GAC was high (83.8-99.9%) and decreased in the following order, FeSO(4)center dot 7H(2)O > Fe(2)(SO(4))(3)center dot 9H(2)O > Fe(NO(3))(3)center dot 9H(2)O > FeCl(3). A correlation was established between the post-sorption aqueous MTBE concentrations and Fe on the GAC for all forms of Fe investigated indicating that Fe amendment interfered with MTBE adsorption. However, the mass of MTBE adsorbed to the GAC was minimally affected by Fe loading. Relative to ferric iron amendments to GAC, ferrous iron amendment resulted in lower residual iron in solution, greater Fe immobilization in the GAC, and less interference with MTBE adsorption. MTBE oxidation was Fe limited and no clear trend was established between the counter-ion (SO(4)(2), Cl(-), NO(3)(-)) of the ferric Fe amended to GAC and H(2)O(2) reaction, MTBE adsorption, or MTBE oxidation, suggesting these processes are anion independent. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Huling, Scott G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Hwang, Sangchul] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Civil Engn & Surveying, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. RP Huling, SG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, POB 1198, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM huling.scott@epa.gov RI Rinaldi2, Carlos/D-4479-2011 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX Notice: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. It has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD APR PY 2010 VL 44 IS 8 BP 2663 EP 2671 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2010.01.035 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 594RY UT WOS:000277556300027 PM 20172581 ER PT J AU Price, K Jackson, CR Parker, AJ AF Price, Katie Jackson, C. Rhett Parker, Albert J. TI Variation of surficial soil hydraulic properties across land uses in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains, North Carolina, USA SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Soil hydrology; Saturated hydraulic conductivity; Infiltration; Amoozemeter; Land-use change; Appalachian ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; HYDROLOGICAL PROPERTIES; AGGREGATE STABILITY; WATER INFILTRATION; ORGANIC-MATTER; COVER TYPES; CONDUCTIVITY; VEGETATION; PASTURE; IMPACTS AB A full understanding of hydrologic response to human impact requires assessment of land-use impacts on key soil physical properties such as saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, and moisture retention. Such properties have been shown to affect watershed hydrology by influencing pathways and transmission rates of precipitation to stream networks. Human land use has been shown to influence these soil physical properties as a result of erosion, compaction, and pore structure evolution. Our objective was to characterize soil physical properties under three land-use classes (forest, pasture, and managed lawn) in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains of southwestern North Carolina. A total of 90 points were sampled (30 in each land-use class) throughout a 983 km(2) study area. Saprolitic and alluvial soils were emphasized, and sites were selected that showed consistent land-use history over a period of at least 30 years. Particle size distribution, in situ saturated hydraulic conductivity (measured using an Amoozemeter compact constant head permeameter), bulk density, and volumetric moisture content at field capacity were measured at each point. Forest soils demonstrated markedly lower bulk densities and higher infiltration rates, and water holding capacities, than lawn and pasture soils. No soil property significantly differed between pasture and lawn. Mean values for each property were as follows (forest = F, lawn = L, pasture = P): saturated hydraulic conductivity (mm h(-1)) - F = 63, L = 7, P = 8; bulk density (g cm(-3)) - F = 0.8, L = 1.2, P = 1.2; volumetric moisture content (%) - F = 72%, L = 42%, P = 39%. Particle size distributions did not significantly differ among land-use classes or parent materials, and the differences between the hydraulic properties of forest vs. nonforest soils were attributed to compaction associated with land management practices. The magnitudes of differences between forest and nonforest infiltration rates suggest that widespread conversion of forest to other land uses in this region will be accompanied by decreased infiltration and increased overland flow, potentially significantly altering water budgets and leading to reduced baseflows and impaired water quality. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Price, Katie] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Price, Katie; Parker, Albert J.] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Jackson, C. Rhett] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Price, K (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM price.katie@epa.gov; rjackson@warnell.uga.edu; ajparker@uga.edu OI Jackson, C. Rhett/0000-0001-6165-3556 FU US Environmental Protection Agency - Science to Achieve Results (STAR); National Science Foundation (NSF) [BCS-0702857]; University of Georgia (UGA); Coweeta LTER [DEB-0218001] FX Funding was provided by the US Environmental Protection Agency - Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Fellowship program, National Science Foundation (NSF) Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award BCS-0702857, and The University of Georgia (UGA) Research Foundation. Additional support was generously provided by the Coweeta LTER (NSF Cooperative Agreement DEB-0218001), for which the authors would especially like to thank Dr. Ted Gragson of the UGA Department of Anthropology. Equipment was provided by the following UGA labs: the Soil Lab of the WSFNR, the Soil Morphology Lab of the Department of Crop and Soil Science, and the Geomorphology Lab in the Department of Geography. Field assistance was provided by Clint Collins and Julia Ruth. Insightful feedback during the course of this research was provided by Dr. David S. Leigh of the UGA Department of Geography, Dr. Lawrence A. Morris of the UGA Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources (WSFNR) and Dr. Larry T. West of the Natural Resource Conservation Service. Dr. Todd Rasmussen of the UGA WSFNR and Dr. George A. Brook and Dr. Marguerite Madden of the UGA Department of Geography, and two anonymous reviewers offered beneficial feedback on draft s of this manuscript. The authors express tremendous gratitude to the numerous private landowners throughout Macon Co. and Jackson Co., NC, who allowed access and disturbance to their property for the purposes of this study. Dr. James Vose of the U.S. Forest Service Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory also granted site use permission for this research. NR 76 TC 47 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD MAR 30 PY 2010 VL 383 IS 3-4 BP 256 EP 268 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.12.041 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 581OF UT WOS:000276532700011 ER PT J AU Bash, JO AF Bash, Jesse O. TI Description and initial simulation of a dynamic bidirectional air-surface exchange model for mercury in Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; ELEMENTAL MERCURY; DRY DEPOSITION; UNITED-STATES; EMISSION; ATMOSPHERE; TRANSPORT; VEGETATION; AMMONIA; CANOPY AB Emissions of elemental mercury (Hg-0) from natural processes are estimated to be as large as or larger than anthropogenic emissions and thus represent a critical process which must be accurately described in the modeling of the transport and fate of mercury. Recent ecosystem-scale measurements indicate that a fraction of recently deposited mercury is recycled back into the atmosphere quickly, and that an atmospheric compensation point exists at background ambient concentrations. Modeled Hg-0 emissions from natural sources are typically uncoupled from dry deposition estimates and unconstrained by air-biosphere gradient processes. A module has been developed for the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to parameterize concentration dependent processes of bidirectional mercury exchange. The Hg-0 air-surface exchange was modeled as a function of a dynamic compensation point. The compensation point is modeled as a function of sources and sinks of Hg-0 in vegetation and soil media using partitioning coefficients. A box model simulation was run for five months and a CMAQ simulation with bidirectional (BIDI) and without bidirectional ( BASE) mercury exchange was run for the month of July 2002. The BASE case modeling scenario estimated that 8.5% of the total mercury (Hg-0 + Hg-2 + PHg) deposited to terrestrial systems and 47.8% of the total mercury deposition to aquatic systems was re-emitted as Hg-0, while the re-emission ratios were 70.4% and 52.5% in the base case. The BIDI case was in better agreement with recent estimates of mercury cycling using stable isotopic mass balance experiments. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Bash, JO (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM bash.jesse@epa.gov RI Bash, Jesse/E-9688-2013; OI Bash, Jesse/0000-0001-8736-0102 NR 63 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 27 PY 2010 VL 115 AR D06305 DI 10.1029/2009JD012834 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 574WY UT WOS:000276026100004 ER PT J AU Ware, MW Villegas, EN AF Ware, Michael W. Villegas, Eric N. TI Improved Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst propagation using dexamethasone suppressed CF-1 mice SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium parvum; Oocysts; Mouse; Immunosuppression; C57BL/6; CF-1 ID CELL-FREE CULTURE; ADULT MICE; MODEL; AMPLIFICATION; INFECTION AB This study evaluates Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst production in dexamethasone suppressed CF-1 and C57BL/6 mice. Both models can yield 1 x 10(9) total oocysts over a 20-day production period; however, only 20 CF-1 mice are required to reliably achieve this goal compared to 40 C57BL/6 mice. Although oocyst yields per mouse are similar for both mouse strains, the survival rate for CF-1 mice is higher, resulting in reduced lost production time per study when compared to the C57BL/6 mice. This study presents a more efficient and cost effective dexamethasone suppressed murine model of propagating high concentrations of C parvum oocysts. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ware, Michael W.; Villegas, Eric N.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Ware, MW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Ware.michael@epa.gov RI Villegas, Eric/A-7373-2015 OI Villegas, Eric/0000-0002-8059-8588 FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-06-100] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract EP-D-06-100 to the McConnell Group. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors wish to acknowledge Sharon Detmer, Katrina Pratt, Diana Miller, and Paula McCain for technical support and animal care, and Drs. Frank W. Schaefer III and Sam Hayes for their critical reviews. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAR 25 PY 2010 VL 168 IS 3-4 BP 329 EP 331 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.11.019 PG 3 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 581KD UT WOS:000276520400023 PM 20036060 ER PT J AU Chang, NB Yang, YJ Daranpob, A AF Chang, Ni-Bin Yang, Y. Jeffrey Daranpob, Ammarin TI Middle-term metropolitan water availability index assessment based on synergistic potential of multi-sensor data SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Water sustainability; remote sensing; drought management; water supply; risk assessment ID REMOTE-SENSING DATA; SATELLITE IMAGERY; SOIL-MOISTURE; RIVER-BASIN; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; DROUGHT INDEXES; SPECTRAL INDEX; SENSOR DATA; QUALITY AB The impact of recent drought and water pollution episodes results in an acute need to project future water availability to assist water managers in water utility infrastructure management within many metropolitan regions. Separate drought and water quality indices previously developed might not be sufficient for the purpose of such an assessment. This paper describes the development of the "Metropolitan Water Availability Index (MWAI)" and its potential applications in assessing the middle-term water availability at the watershed scale in a fast growing metropolitan region - the Manatee County near Tampa Bay, Florida, U. S. A. The MWAI framework is based on a statistical approach that seeks to reflect the continuous spatial and temporal variations of both water quantity and quality using a simple numerical index. Such a trend analysis will surely result in the final MWAI values for regional water management systems within a specified range. By using remote sensing technologies and data processing techniques, continuous monitoring of spatial and temporal distributions of key water availability variables, such as evapotranspiration (ET) and precipitation, is made achievable. These remote sensing technologies can be ground-based (e. g., radar estimates of rainfall), or based on remote sensing data gathered by aircraft or satellites. Using a middle term historical record, the MWAI was applied to the Manatee County water supplies. The findings clearly indicate that only eight out of twelve months in 2008 had positive MWAI values during the year. Such numerical findings are consistent with the observational evidence of statewide drought events in 2006-2008, which implies the time delay between the ending of severe drought period and the recovery of water availability in MWAI. It is expected that this forward-looking novel water availability forecasting platform will help provide a linkage in methodology between strategic planning, master planning, and the plant operation and adaptations in response to the MWAI implications. C1 [Chang, Ni-Bin; Daranpob, Ammarin] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Yang, Y. Jeffrey] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Chang, NB (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM nchang@mail.ucf.edu; Yang.Jeff@epamail.epa.gov; ammarin_r@hotmail.com FU USEPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory [EP-C-05-056] FX The financial and administrative support through Contract EP-C-05-056 from the USEPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory is gratefully acknowledged. The research described herein has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Furthermore, the authors are grateful for the data and report provided by Mr. Mark Simpson and Mr. Bruce MacLeod of the Manatee County government. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD MAR 22 PY 2010 VL 4 AR 043519 DI 10.1117/1.3386582 PG 27 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 602JY UT WOS:000278136600001 ER PT J AU Adams, WA Impellitteri, CA Rice, G Fristachi, A Xu, Y Carlson-Lynch, H Little, JC AF Adams, William A. Impellitteri, Christopher A. Rice, Glenn Fristachi, Anthony Xu, Ying Carlson-Lynch, Heather Little, John C. TI Analysis of organotins in polyvinyl chloride pipe and their diffusion into water over time SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH USA. Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Syracuse Res Corp, Syracuse, NY USA. Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 303-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189302309 ER PT J AU Baruwati, B Varma, RS AF Baruwati, Babita Varma, Rajender S. TI Generation of valuable nanomaterials using biodegradable waste: Rags to riches story of red grape pomace SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Baruwati, Babita; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 352-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189303143 ER PT J AU Choi, H Al-Abed, SR AF Choi, Hyeok Al-Abed, Souhail R. TI Implementation of pallidized iron-impregnated reactive activated carbon system for PCB clean-up: Effects of PCB loading, reaction pH, and co-existing NOM and ionic species SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Civil Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 292-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189302303 ER PT J AU Jeong, CH Wagner, ED Richardson, SD Plewa, MJ AF Jeong, Clara H. Wagner, Elizabeth D. Richardson, Susan D. Plewa, Michael J. TI Mammalian cell cyto- and genotoxicity of haloacetaldehyde drinking water disinfection byproducts SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. Univ Illinois, Ctr Adv Mat Purificat Water Syst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 224-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189304729 ER PT J AU Karn, B AF Karn, Barbara TI Nanotechnology, the environment, green nanotechnology: Where we stand SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Karn, Barbara] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 7-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189302759 ER PT J AU Kenneke, JF Mazur, CS Garrison, AW Miller, RD Sack, TJ Brown, CC Avants, JK AF Kenneke, John F. Mazur, Christopher S. Garrison, Arthur W. Miller, Rebecca D. Sack, Thomas J. Brown, Cather C. Avants, Jimmy K. TI Stereoselective metabolism of 1,2,4-triazole fungicides in hepatic microsomes and implications for risk assessment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ERD US Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. Student Serv Author, ERD USEPA, NERL, Athens, GA USA. Senior Serv Amer Inc, NERL, ERD USEPA, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 351-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189300221 ER PT J AU Khan, F Ellenberger, J Kosusko, M AF Khan, Faruque Ellenberger, Jay Kosusko, Michael TI Validation testing of drift reduction technology test protocol SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 330-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189300102 ER PT J AU Kong, LJ Chan, K Zepp, R Ma, C Bouchard, D Isaacson, C AF Kong, Lingjun (Lynn) Chan, Kyle Zepp, Richard Ma, Cissy Bouchard, Dermont Isaacson, Carl TI Effect of natural organic matter on the light-initiated transformation of fullerenes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kong, Lingjun (Lynn); Chan, Kyle; Zepp, Richard; Ma, Cissy; Bouchard, Dermont; Isaacson, Carl] US EPA, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 235-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189302273 ER PT J AU O'Dell, TS Ciszewski, JT Gonzalez, MA AF O'Dell, Tyler S. Ciszewski, James T. Gonzalez, Michael A. TI High-yielding synthesis of chiral imines using a spinning tube-in-tube reactor SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Lake Super State Univ, Dept Chem, Sault Ste Marie, MI USA. US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 67-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189302757 ER PT J AU Otto, MJ AF Otto, Martha J. TI Nanotechnology for site remediation: Benefits and potential risks SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Otto, Martha J.] US EPA, Off Superfund Remediat & Technol Innovat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 48-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189302749 ER PT J AU Pedersen, JA Seyfried, EE Rubert, KF Newton, RJ McMahon, KD AF Pedersen, Joel A. Seyfried, Erin E. Rubert, Kennedy F. Newton, Ryan J. McMahon, Katherine D. TI Abundance and distribution of tetracycline resistance genes in freshwater aquaculture facilities SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. US EPA, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RI McMahon, Katherine/I-3651-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 8-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189302444 ER PT J AU Ruhoy, I Daughton, C AF Ruhoy, Ilene Daughton, Christian TI Complexities surrounding the environmental impact of drug disposal SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Touro Univ, Inst Environm Med, Henderson, NV USA. US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 291-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189300190 ER PT J AU Shah, PV AF Shah, P. V. TI Reassessment of tolerances of inert ingredients under FQPA SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Shah, P. V.] US EPA, Registrat Div, Off Pesticides Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 74-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189300240 ER PT J AU Shamim, N Hetrick, J AF Shamim, Najm Hetrick, James TI Manufactured nanometals and metal oxides as pesticides: Physical/Chemical characterization and environmental fate and transport - regulatory and scientific issues SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US EPA, EFED, Off Pesticides Programs, Arlington, VA USA. US EPA, AD, Off Pesticides Programs, Arlington, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 9-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189302764 ER PT J AU Sorial, GA Salih, H Sinha, R Krishnan, R Patterson, C AF Sorial, George A. Salih, Hafiz Sinha, Rajib Krishnan, Radha Patterson, Craig TI Fate and transport of silica nanoparticles in a fixed bed adsorber and its impact on removal of organic contaminants SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. Shaw Environm Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 110-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189302213 ER PT J AU Timofte, AE Shao, HB Yang, JY Schupp, DA Jun, YS AF Timofte, Anca E. Shao, Hongbo Yang, Jeffrey Y. Schupp, Donald A. Jun, Young-Shin TI Mechanistic understanding of insecticide aldicarb adsorption onto soil during water reuse SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO USA. US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. Shaw Environm & Infrastruct Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2010 VL 239 MA 500-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V21DW UT WOS:000208189302408 ER PT J AU Lee, WH Pressman, JG Wahman, DG Bishop, PL AF Lee, Woo Hyoung Pressman, Jonathan G. Wahman, David G. Bishop, Paul L. TI Characterization and application of a chlorine microelectrode for measuring monochloramine within a biofilm SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE Biofilm; Chloramination; Distribution system; Microelectrode; Monochloramine; Penetration ID REDOX POTENTIAL CHANGE; CHLORAMINES; ELECTRODE AB Chlorine microelectrodes with tip sizes of 5-15 mu m were fabricated, fully characterized and evaluated under various environmental conditions, and used to measure high spatial resolution monochloramine profiles in biofilm. The chlorine microelectrode showed response to total chlorine, including free chlorine, monochloramine, and dichloramine under various conditions. Where monochloramine dominates the system at pH 8.0 and 4:1 Cl(2):N, the chlorine microelectrode had sensitivity toward monochloramine concentrations (0.1-30.0 mg Cl(2)/L) at an applied potential of +550 mV (Ag/AgCl reference electrode) and 23 degrees C, and it was independent of pH ranges typical of drinking water (pH 6-9). Even though the electrode response shifted with DO changes, a linear relationship existed with monochloramine concentration for a given DO concentration. As a result, a 3D (response vs. DO vs. monochloramine concentration) calibration curve was required with DO present. Ultimately, this research will lead to the in situ application of chlorine microelectrodes for measurement of monochloramine within chloraminated drinking water system biofilm and, along with other microelectrodes (e.g. ammonia, pH, DO), will aid in elucidating nitrification phenomena occurring in the biofilm. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Woo Hyoung; Bishop, Paul L.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Pressman, Jonathan G.; Wahman, David G.] US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Bishop, PL (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM leewn@mail.uc.edu; Pressman.Jonathan@epa.gov; wahman.david@epa.gov; paul.bishop@uc.edu OI Wahman, David/0000-0002-0167-8468 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [EP-C-05-056/WA, 2-47] FX This research was supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (contract no. EP-C-05-056/WA No. 2-47). The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD MAR 19 PY 2010 VL 145 IS 2 BP 734 EP 742 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2010.01.025 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 582IH UT WOS:000276589900020 ER PT J AU McDonald, ME Paul, JF AF McDonald, Michael E. Paul, John F. TI Timing of Increased Autistic Disorder Cumulative Incidence SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; INFANTILE-AUTISM; PREVALENCE TRENDS; CHILDHOOD AUTISM; UNITED-STATES; TIME TRENDS; DIAGNOSTIC SUBSTITUTION; EPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEY; CHANGING PREVALENCE AB Autistic disorder (AD) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder typically identified in early childhood. Both genetic and environmental factors are implicated in its etiology. The number of individuals identified as having autism has increased dramatically in recent years, but whether some proportion of this increase is real is unknown. If real, susceptible populations may have exposure to controllable exogenous stressors. Using literature AD data from long-term (similar to 10-year) studies, we determined cumulative incidence of AD for each cohort within each study. These data for each study were examined for a changepoint year in which the AD cumulative incidence first increased. We used data sets from Denmark, California, Japan, and a worldwide composite of studies. In the Danish, California, and worldwide data sets, we found that an increase in AD cumulative incidence began about 1988-1989. The Japanese study (1988-1996) had AD Cumulative incidence increasing continuously, and no changepoint year could be calculated. Although the debate about the nature of increasing autism continues, the potential for this increase to be real and involve exogenous environmental stressors exists. The timing of an increase in autism incidence may help in screening for potential candidate environmental stressors. C1 [McDonald, Michael E.; Paul, John F.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP McDonald, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD-B343-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mcdonald.michael@epa.gov NR 91 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 6 BP 2112 EP 2118 DI 10.1021/es902057k PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 565WG UT WOS:000275325600038 PM 20158232 ER PT J AU Wickham, JD Riitters, KH Wade, TG Vogt, P AF Wickham, James D. Riitters, Kurt H. Wade, Timothy G. Vogt, Peter TI A national assessment of green infrastructure and change for the conterminous United States using morphological image processing SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Conservation; Corridors; Ecological networks; Land-cover change; Landscape ecology; Restoration ID LAND-COVER DATABASE; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; ECOLOGICAL NETWORKS; LANDSCAPE CORRIDORS; TEMPORAL-CHANGE; CONSERVATION; INDICATORS; SCALES; TERRESTRIAL; COMPLETION AB Green infrastructure is a popular framework for conservation planning. The main elements of green infrastructure are hubs and links. Hubs tend to be large areas of 'natural' vegetation and links tend to be linear features (e.g., streams) that connect hubs. Within the United States, green infrastructure projects can be characterized as: (1) reliant on classical geographic information system (GIS) techniques (e.g., overlay, buffering) for mapping: (2), mainly implemented by states and local jurisdictions; and (3) static assessments that do not routinely incorporate information on land-cover change. We introduce morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) as a complementary way to map green infrastructure, extend the geographic scope to the conterminous United States, and incorporate land-cover change information. MSPA applies a series of image processing routines to a raster land-cover map to identify hubs, links, and related structural classes of land cover. We identified approximately 4000 large networks (>100 hubs) within the conterminous United States, of which approximately 10% crossed state boundaries. We also identified a net loss of up to 3.59 million ha of links and 1.72 million ha of hubs between 1992 and 2001. Our national assessment provides a backbone that states could use to coordinate their green infrastructure projects, and our incorporation of change illustrates the importance of land-cover dynamics for green infrastructure planning and assessment. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wickham, James D.; Wade, Timothy G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab MD E243 05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Riitters, Kurt H.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Vogt, Peter] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, VA, Italy. RP Wickham, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab MD E243 05, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wickham.james@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); Office of Research and Development (ORD) FX The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Office of Research and Development (ORD), funded the research. This manuscript has been subjected to the EPA's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication. The authors thank Christine Mazzarella for her contributions to the project. NR 55 TC 38 Z9 45 U1 10 U2 92 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD MAR 15 PY 2010 VL 94 IS 3-4 BP 186 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.10.003 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 560ER UT WOS:000274885300005 ER PT J AU Jang, YC Jain, P Tolaymat, T Dubey, B Singh, S Townsend, T AF Jang, Yong-Chul Jain, Pradeep Tolaymat, Thabet Dubey, Brajesh Singh, Shrawan Townsend, Timothy TI Characterization of roadway stormwater system residuals for reuse and disposal options SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Catch basins; Stormwater pond; Metals; Organic pollutants; Leaching; SPLP; Risk assessment ID HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; MAJOR RURAL HIGHWAY; URBAN RUNOFF; DETENTION PONDS; SEDIMENTS; ACCUMULATION; RETENTION; SOILS; POLLUTION; MOTORWAY AB The chemical characterization of sediments accumulated in catch basins and stormwater ponds provides important information for assessing risks associated with management of these residuals upon removal of accumulated deposits in stormwater systems. In this study, over a period of 15 months, more than 150 residual samples were collected from 77 catch basin units and 22 stormwater ponds from 16 municipalities throughout the state of Florida. Concentrations (mg/kg) of metals and metalloids (arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium, silver, and zinc) and trace organics (volatile organics, semi-volatile organics, herbicides, and pesticides) in the sediments were measured. In addition, the synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) was utilized to evaluate pollutant leachability risk for a subset of the samples collected. Measured pollutant concentrations were compared to corresponding risk-based guidelines in Florida (i.e., Florida soil cleanup target levels) to assess potential human health risks of beneficial use of these residuals through land application. Leached concentrations were compared to risk-based water quality guidelines (i.e., Florida groundwater cleanup target levels) to examine the potential for groundwater contamination. Although several metals (arsenic, barium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc) were routinely detected in the catch basin and stormwater pond sediments, their concentrations were generally lower than the Florida's risk-based cleanup target levels for soils. A small number of organochlorine compounds (e.g., 4,4'-DDE, 4,4'-DDT) were detected, but only in a limited number of the samples (less than 10%); leaching of trace organic pollutants above the Florida risk-based groundwater thresholds was rare. The results suggest that when land-applied or beneficially used, these residuals are not expected to pose a significant threat to human health or the environment and the results of this research will provide stormwater managers and environmental management authorities with a useful resource to examine proper disposal and beneficial use of catch basin and stormwater pond sediments. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jang, Yong-Chul; Jain, Pradeep; Tolaymat, Thabet; Dubey, Brajesh; Singh, Shrawan; Townsend, Timothy] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn & Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Jang, Yong-Chul] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Jain, Pradeep] Innovat Waste Consulting Serv, Gainesville, FL USA. [Tolaymat, Thabet] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Dubey, Brajesh] E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Environm Hlth Sci Lab, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. RP Townsend, T (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn & Sci, POB 116450, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM ttown@ufl.edu RI Dubey, Brajesh/B-9677-2008; Townsend, Timothy/D-1981-2009 OI Dubey, Brajesh/0000-0002-6991-7314; Townsend, Timothy/0000-0002-1222-0954 FU Florida Department of Environmental Protection; Hinkley Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management; Florida Stormwater Association; St. Lucie County Public Works; Brevard County Surface Water Management; Reedy Creek Improvement District Seminole County Stormwater Division; City of Ft. Myers; City of Orlando; Sarasota County Public Works; City of Lake Worth Public Works; City of Winter Park; Palm Beach County Solid Waste Authority; Florida Association of Stormwater Utilities FX This research was sponsored by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, the Hinkley Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management the Florida Stormwater Association, and a group of municipalities. The municipalities include St. Lucie County Public Works, Brevard County Surface Water Management, Reedy Creek Improvement District Seminole County Stormwater Division, City of Ft. Myers, City of Orlando, Sarasota County Public Works, City of Lake Worth Public Works, City of Winter Park, Palm Beach County Solid Waste Authority, and Florida Association of Stormwater Utilities. Special thanks are also extended to Matthew Booth for his analytical support. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2010 VL 408 IS 8 BP 1878 EP 1887 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.01.036 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 582IU UT WOS:000276591300014 PM 20163826 ER PT J AU Arzuaga, X Elskus, A AF Arzuaga, Xabier Elskus, Adria TI POLLUTED-SITE KILLIFISH (FUNDULUS HETEROCLITUS) EMBRYOS ARE RESISTANT TO ORGANIC POLLUTANT-MEDIATED INDUCTION OF CYP1A ACTIVITY, REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES, AND HEART DEFORMITIES SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Resistance; Xenobiotics; Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase; Heart deformities ID POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENERS; SCUP STENOTOMUS-CHRYSOPS; NEW-JERSEY; NONIMPACTED SUBPOPULATIONS; SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION; CYTOCHROME-P450 1A; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ADDUCT FORMATION; BEDFORD HARBOR; EROD ACTIVITY AB Exposure to coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can adversely affect fish embryonic development, induce expression of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A), and increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, effects believed to be mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) populations in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, USA (NBH) and Newark Bay, New Jersey, USA (NB) are generationally exposed to coplanar PCBs and PAHs and have developed resistance to PCB mediated induction of CYP1A. We hypothesized that fish resistant to CYP1A induction would also exhibit resistance to PCB and PAH induced ROS production and teratogenesis. Killifish embryos from two contaminated (NB, NBH) and two reference-site populations were exposed to vehicle or 3,3'4,4'5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) or 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) and evaluated for in ovo CYP1A activity, heart deformities, and ROS production. Both chemicals significantly increased in ovo ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and ROS production in reference-site embryos. These chemicals provoked only moderate induction of in ovo EROD in NBH and NB embryos, and neither PCB126 nor 3-MC induced ROS production in these populations. Similarly, heart deformities were significantly induced by PCB126 in reference-site embryos, but had no significant effects on NB and NBH animals. These results indicate that fish resistant to CYP1A induction also exhibit decreased sensitivity to PCB126 and 3-MC-induced ROS production and teratogenesis. These findings further our understanding of toxicant resistance by demonstrating that reduced response to coplanar PCBs and PAHs extends beyond resistance to CYP1A induction to resistance to the physiological and teratogenic effects of these toxicants, responses that undoubtedly contribute to the increased survival of killifish inhabiting contaminated sites. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:676-682. (C) 2009 SETAC C1 [Arzuaga, Xabier; Elskus, Adria] Grad Ctr Toxicol, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. [Arzuaga, Xabier; Elskus, Adria] Univ Kentucky, Dept Biol, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Arzuaga, X (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Mail Code 8601P,1200 Penn Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM arzuaga.xabier@epa.gov FU National Institute of Health [F31 ES05942-04] FX We would like to thank Diane Nacci (U. S. Environmental Protection Agency) and Richard Di Giulio (Duke University) for providing us with the killifish used in these studies, and Doug Harrison (University of Kentucky) for use of his fluorescent microscope. This research was sponsored by the National Institute of Health (F31 ES05942-04) predoctoral minority fellowship (X. Arzuaga). NR 39 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 15 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAR 10 PY 2010 VL 29 IS 3 BP 676 EP 682 DI 10.1002/etc.68 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 566KH UT WOS:000275368600027 PM 20821494 ER PT J AU Ankley, GT Bennett, RS Erickson, RJ Hoff, DJ Hornung, MW Johnson, RD Mount, DR Nichols, JW Russom, CL Schmieder, PK Serrrano, JA Tietge, JE Villeneuve, DL AF Ankley, Gerald T. Bennett, Richard S. Erickson, Russell J. Hoff, Dale J. Hornung, Michael W. Johnson, Rodney D. Mount, David R. Nichols, John W. Russom, Christine L. Schmieder, Patricia K. Serrrano, Jose A. Tietge, Joseph E. Villeneuve, Daniel L. TI ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK TO SUPPORT ECOTOXICOLOGY RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Toxic chemicals; Ecological effects; Adverse outcomes; Risk assessment ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; FATHEAD MINNOW; ACUTE TOXICITY; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; INDUSTRIAL-CHEMICALS; NARCOTIC CHEMICALS; TECHNICAL BASIS; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; IN-VITRO AB Ecological risk assessors face increasing demands to assess more chemicals, with greater speed and accuracy, and to do so using fewer resources and experimental animals. New approaches in biological and computational sciences may be able to generate mechanistic information that could help in meeting these challenges. However, to use mechanistic data to support chemical assessments, there is a need for effective translation of this information into endpoints meaningful to ecological risk-effects on survival, development, and reproduction in individual organisms and, by extension, impacts on populations. Here we discuss a framework designed for this purpose, the adverse outcome pathway (AOP). An AOP is a conceptual construct that portrays existing knowledge concerning the linkage between a direct molecular initiating event and an adverse outcome at a biological level of organization relevant to risk assessment. The practical utility of AOPs for ecological risk assessment of chemicals is illustrated using five case examples. The examples demonstrate how the AOP concept can focus toxicity testing in terms of species and endpoint selection, enhance across-chemical extrapolation, and support prediction of mixture effects. The examples also show how AOPs facilitate use of molecular or biochemical endpoints (sometimes referred to as biomarkers) for forecasting chemical impacts on individuals and populations. In the concluding sections of the paper, we discuss how AOPs can help to guide research that supports chemical risk assessments and advocate for the incorporation of this approach into a broader systems biology framework. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:730-741. (C) 2009 SETAC C1 [Ankley, Gerald T.; Bennett, Richard S.; Erickson, Russell J.; Hoff, Dale J.; Hornung, Michael W.; Johnson, Rodney D.; Mount, David R.; Nichols, John W.; Russom, Christine L.; Schmieder, Patricia K.; Serrrano, Jose A.; Tietge, Joseph E.; Villeneuve, Daniel L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Ankley, GT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Condon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM ankley.gerald@epa.gov NR 72 TC 530 Z9 545 U1 45 U2 292 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAR 10 PY 2010 VL 29 IS 3 BP 730 EP 741 DI 10.1002/etc.34 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 566KH UT WOS:000275368600034 PM 20821501 ER PT J AU Perron, MM Burgess, RM Ho, KT Pelletier, MC Cantwell, MG Shine, JP AF Perron, Monique M. Burgess, Robert M. Ho, Kay T. Pelletier, Marguerite C. Cantwell, Mark G. Shine, James P. TI BIOAVAILABILITY ASSESSMENT OF A CONTAMINATED FIELD SEDIMENT FROM PATRICK BAYOU, TEXAS, USA: TOXICITY IDENTIFICATION EVALUATION AND EQUILIBRIUM PARTITIONING SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Sediment toxicity; Toxicity identification evaluation; Bioavailability; Equilibrium partitioning ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; TECHNICAL BASIS; QUALITY CRITERIA; AMMONIA TOXICITY; PAH MIXTURES; BLACK CARBON; ULVA-LACTUCA; AMPHIPOD AB Contaminated sediments are commonly found in urbanized harbors. At sufficiently high contaminant levels, sediments can cause toxicity to aquatic organisms and impair benthic communities. As a result, remediation is necessary and diagnosing the cause of sediment toxicity becomes imperative. In the present study, six sediments from a highly industrialized area in Patrick Bayou (TX, USA) were subjected to initial toxicity testing with the mysid, Americamysis bahia, and the amphipod, Ampelisca abdita. All sediments were toxic to the amphipods, while sites PB4A, PB6A, and PB9 were the only sites toxic to mysids. Due to its toxicity to both test organisms, site PB6A was chosen for a marine whole sediment phase I toxicity identification evaluation (TIE). Results of the TIE found toxicity to amphipods was primarily due to nonionic organic contaminants (NOCs), rather than cationic metals or ammonia. Causes of mysid toxicity in the TIE were less clear. An assessment of metal bioavailability using equilibrium partitioning (EqP) approaches supported the results of the TIE that cationic metals were not responsible for observed toxicity in PB6A for either organism. Toxic units (TU) calculated on measured concentrations of NOCs in the sediment yielded a total TU of 1.25, indicating these contaminants are contributing to the observed sediment toxicity. Using a combination of these TIE and EqP assessment tools, this investigation was capable of identifying NOCs as the likely class of contaminants causing acute toxicity to amphipods exposed to Patrick Bayou sediment. The cause of mysid toxicity was not definitively determined, but unmeasured NOCs are suspected. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:742-750. (C) 2009 SETAC C1 [Perron, Monique M.; Shine, James P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Burgess, Robert M.; Ho, Kay T.; Pelletier, Marguerite C.; Cantwell, Mark G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Perron, MM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM mperron@post.harvard.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EP06D000518]; Harvard School of Public Health FX We thank Helen Suh and Christopher Paciorek for their advice and feedback. We also thank Warren Boothman, Jonathan Serbst, and Jim Lake for their technical assistance. This research was funded partially by a student services contract from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, as well as a toxicology training grant from Harvard School of Public Health. Although the research described in this article has been funded in part by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency through contract EP06D000518, it has not been subjected to Agency-level review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement orrecommendation for use. This is NHEERL-AED Contribution AED-09-049. NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 18 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAR 10 PY 2010 VL 29 IS 3 BP 742 EP 750 DI 10.1002/etc.62 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 566KH UT WOS:000275368600035 PM 20821502 ER PT J AU Kedar, VP Darby, MK Williams, JG Blackshear, PJ AF Kedar, Vishram P. Darby, Martyn K. Williams, Jason G. Blackshear, Perry J. TI Phosphorylation of Human Tristetraprolin in Response to Its Interaction with the CbI Interacting Protein CIN85 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MESSENGER-RNA DECAY; ZINC-FINGER PROTEINS; GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTORS; MAP KINASE PATHWAY; AU-RICH ELEMENTS; DOWN-REGULATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; SIGNALING PATHWAY AB Background: Tristetraprolin (TTP) is the prototype member of a family of CCCH tandem zinc finger proteins and is considered to be an anti-inflammatory protein in mammals. TTP plays a critical role in the decay of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) mRNA, among others, by binding AU-rich RNA elements in the 3'-untranslated regions of this transcript and promoting its deadenylation and degradation. Methodology/Principal Findings: We used yeast two-hybrid analysis to identify potential protein binding partners for human TTP (hTTP). Various regions of hTTP recovered 31 proteins that fell into 12 categories based on sequence similarities. Among these, the interactions between hTTP and CIN85, cytoplasmic poly (A) binding protein (PABP), nucleolin and heat shock protein 70 were confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. CIN85 and hTTP co-localized in the cytoplasm of cells as determined by confocal microscopy. CIN85 contains three SH3 domains that specifically bind a unique proline-arginine motif (PXXXPR) found in several CIN85 effectors. We found that the SH3 domains of CIN85 bound to a PXXXPR motif located near the C-terminus of hTTP. Co-expression of CIN85 with hTTP resulted in the increased phosphorylation of hTTP at serine residues in positions 66 and 93, possibly due in part to the demonstrated association of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 4 (MEKK4) to both proteins. The presence of CIN85 did not appear to alter hTTP's binding to RNA probes or its stimulated breakdown of TNF mRNA. Conclusions/Significance: These studies describe interactions between hTTP and nucleolin, cytoplasmic PABP, heat shock protein 70 and CIN85; these interactions were initially discovered by two-hybrid analysis, and confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation. We found that CIN85 binding to a C-terminal motif within hTTP led to the increased phosphorylation of hTTP, possibly through enhanced association with MEKK4. The functional consequences to each of the members of this putative complex remain to be determined. C1 [Kedar, Vishram P.; Darby, Martyn K.; Blackshear, Perry J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Transduct, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Williams, Jason G.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Prot Microcharacterizat Core Facil, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Blackshear, Perry J.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Blackshear, Perry J.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Kedar, VP (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Transduct, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM black009@niehs.nih.gov FU NIH; NIEHS FX This project was entirely supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIEHS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 78 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 8 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 3 BP A213 EP A227 AR e9588 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0009588 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 565WZ UT WOS:000275328200020 PM 20221403 ER PT J AU Wacholder, S Chen, BE Wilcox, A Macones, G Gonzalez, P Befano, B Hildesheim, A Rodriguez, AC Solomon, D Herrero, R Schiffman, M AF Wacholder, Sholom Chen, Bingshu Eric Wilcox, Allen Macones, George Gonzalez, Paula Befano, Brian Hildesheim, Allan Cecilia Rodriguez, Ana Solomon, Diane Herrero, Rolando Schiffman, Mark CA CVT Grp TI Risk of miscarriage with bivalent vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18: pooled analysis of two randomised controlled trials SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID QUADRIVALENT VACCINE; DOUBLE-BLIND AB Objective To assess whether vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) increases the risk of miscarriage. Design Pooled analysis of two multicentre, phase three masked randomised controlled trials Setting Multicentre trials in several continents and in Costa Rica. Participants 26 130 women aged 15-25 at enrolment; 3599 pregnancies eligible for analysis. Interventions Participants were randomly assigned to receive three doses of bivalent HPV 16/18 VLP vaccine with AS04 adjuvant (n=13 075) or hepatitis A vaccine as control (n=13 055) over six months. Main outcome measures Miscarriage and other pregnancy outcomes. Results The estimated rate of miscarriage was 11.5% in pregnancies in women in the HPV arm and 10.2% in the control arm. The one sided P value for the primary analysis was 0.16; thus, overall, there was no significant increase in miscarriage among women assigned to the HPV vaccine arm. In secondary descriptive analyses, miscarriage rates were 14.7% in the HPV vaccine arm and 9.1% in the control arm in pregnancies that began within three months after nearest vaccination. Conclusion There is no evidence overall for an association between HPV vaccination and risk of miscarriage. C1 [Wacholder, Sholom; Hildesheim, Allan; Schiffman, Mark] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Chen, Bingshu Eric] Queens Univ, NCIC Clin Trials Grp, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Wilcox, Allen] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Intramural Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Macones, George] Washington Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Gonzalez, Paula; Cecilia Rodriguez, Ana; Herrero, Rolando] Fdn INCIENSA, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Befano, Brian] Informat Management Serv Inc, Silver Spring, MD 20904 USA. [Solomon, Diane] NCI, Canc Prevent Div, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Wacholder, S (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, 6120 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM WacholdS@mail.nih.gov RI Hildesheim, Allan/B-9760-2015; OI Hildesheim, Allan/0000-0003-0257-2363; Wilcox, Allen/0000-0002-3376-1311 FU National Cancer Institute, NIH Office for Research on Women's Health in agreement with the Ministry of Health of Costa Rica [N01-CP-11005]; GSK Biologicals; National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health FX The CVT trial is sponsored and funded by the National Cancer Institute (N01-CP-11005) with support from the NIH Office for Research on Women's Health and conducted in agreement with the Ministry of Health of Costa Rica. PATRICIA is funded by GSK Biologicals. GSK Biologicals contributed data from PATRICIA to the analysis, and commented on aspects of the trial at the design stage and after the results were shared with investigators of both trials, with the permission of the Data Safety Monitoring Board of CVT. GSK Biologicals had no role in study design and the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data from CVT in this paper, or in the writing of the article. GSK Biologicals took no part in the decision to submit an article for publication. The pooled analysis reported here was supported by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, both parts of the National Institutes of Health. NR 13 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD MAR 2 PY 2010 VL 340 AR c712 DI 10.1136/bmj.c712 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 565FI UT WOS:000275274300023 PM 20197322 ER PT J AU Jayachandran, M Preston, CC Hunter, LW Jahangir, A Owen, WG Korach, KS Miller, VM AF Jayachandran, Muthuvel Preston, Claudia C. Hunter, Larry W. Jahangir, Arshad Owen, Whyte G. Korach, Kenneth S. Miller, Virginia M. TI Loss of estrogen receptor beta decreases mitochondrial energetic potential and increases thrombogenicity of platelets in aged female mice SO AGE LA English DT Article DE Aging; Estrogen receptors; Microparticles; Mitochondria; Platelet energy metabolism; Procoagulant activity ID ER-BETA; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; GENE ESR2; IN-VITRO; MICROPARTICLES; ALPHA; EXPRESSION; BLOOD; CELL AB Platelets derived from aged (reproductively senescent) female mice with genetic deletion of estrogen receptor beta (beta ER) are more thrombogenic than those from age-matched wild-type (WT) mice. Intracellular processes contributing to this increased thrombogenicity are not known. Experiments were designed to identify subcellular localization of estrogen receptors and evaluate both glycolytic and mitochondrial energetic processes which might affect platelet activation. Platelets and blood from aged (22-24 months) WT and estrogen receptor beta knockout (beta ERKO) female mice were used in this study. Body, spleen weight, and serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone and 17 beta-estradiol were comparable between WT and beta ERKO mice. Number of spontaneous deaths was greater in the beta ERKO colony (50% compared to 30% in WT) over the course of 24 months. In resting (nonactivated) platelets, estrogen receptors did not appear to colocalize with mitochondria by immunostaining. Lactate production and mitochondrial membrane potential of intact platelets were similar in both groups of mice. However, activities of NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome bc (1) complex, and cytochrome c oxidase of the electron transport chain were reduced in mitochondria isolated from platelets from beta ERKO compared to WT mice. There were a significantly higher number of phosphatidylserine-expressing platelet-derived microvesicles in the plasma and a greater thrombin-generating capacity in beta ERKO compared to WT mice. These results suggest that deficiencies in beta ER affect energy metabolism of platelets resulting in greater production of circulating thrombogenic microvesicles and could potentially explain increased predisposition to thromboembolism in some elderly females. C1 [Jayachandran, Muthuvel; Miller, Virginia M.] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Physiol & Biomed Engn, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Jayachandran, Muthuvel; Hunter, Larry W.; Miller, Virginia M.] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Preston, Claudia C.; Jahangir, Arshad] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Div Cardiovasc Dis, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Owen, Whyte G.] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Div Hematol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Owen, Whyte G.] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Korach, Kenneth S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Reprod & Dev Toxicol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Jayachandran, M (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Physiol & Biomed Engn, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM jaya.m@mayo.edu OI Korach, Kenneth/0000-0002-7765-418X FU National Institutes of Health [NHLBI HL78638, NHLBI HL089542]; National Institute of Aging [AG 21201]; American Heart Association [AHA 08-30503Z]; Mayo Foundation; Division of Intramural Research of the NIEHS FX This work is supported by the National Institutes of Health (NHLBI HL78638 and NHLBI HL089542), the National Institute of Aging (AG 21201), the American Heart Association (AHA 08-30503Z), the Mayo Foundation, and Division of Intramural Research of the NIEHS. NR 64 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-9152 J9 AGE JI Age PD MAR PY 2010 VL 32 IS 1 BP 109 EP 121 DI 10.1007/s11357-009-9119-y PG 13 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 561GD UT WOS:000274963000011 PM 19908165 ER PT J AU Shanks, OC White, K Kelty, CA Hayes, S Sivaganesan, M Jenkins, M Varma, M Haugland, RA AF Shanks, Orin C. White, Karen Kelty, Catherine A. Hayes, Sam Sivaganesan, Mano Jenkins, Michael Varma, Manju Haugland, Richard A. TI Performance Assessment PCR-Based Assays Targeting Bacteroidales Genetic Markers of Bovine Fecal Pollution SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; QUANTITATIVE PCR; SOURCE TRACKING; WATER; DNA; SAMPLES; CONTAMINATION; INDICATORS; PATHOGENS AB There are numerous PCR-based assays available to characterize bovine fecal pollution in ambient waters. The determination of which approaches are most suitable for field applications can be difficult because each assay targets a different gene, in many cases from different microorganisms, leading to variation in assay performance. We describe a performance evaluation of seven end-point PCR and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays reported to be associated with either ruminant or bovine feces. Each assay was tested against a reference collection of DNA extracts from 247 individual bovine fecal samples representing 11 different populations and 175 fecal DNA extracts from 24 different animal species. Bovine-associated genetic markers were broadly distributed among individual bovine samples ranging from 39 to 93%. Specificity levels of the assays spanned 47.4% to 100%. End-point PCR sensitivity also varied between assays and among different bovine populations. For qPCR assays, the abundance of each host-associated genetic marker was measured within each bovine population and compared to results of a qPCR assay targeting 16S rRNA gene sequences from Bacteroidales. Experiments indicate large discrepancies in the performance of bovine-associated assays across different bovine populations. Variability in assay performance between host populations suggests that the use of bovine microbial source-tracking applications will require a priori characterization at each watershed of interest. C1 [Shanks, Orin C.; White, Karen; Kelty, Catherine A.; Hayes, Sam; Sivaganesan, Mano] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Jenkins, Michael] USDA ARS, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Varma, Manju; Haugland, Richard A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Shanks, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM shanks.orin@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. NR 29 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 76 IS 5 BP 1359 EP 1366 DI 10.1128/AEM.02033-09 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 559VJ UT WOS:000274855800007 PM 20061457 ER PT J AU Hyndman, KM Biales, A Bartell, SE Schoenfuss, HL AF Hyndman, K. M. Biales, A. Bartell, S. E. Schoenfuss, H. L. TI Assessing the effects of exposure timing on biomarker expression using 17 beta-estradiol SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 17 beta-Estradiol (E2); Vitellogenin; mRNA; Histopathology; Behavior; Fathead minnow ID MALE FATHEAD MINNOWS; WASTE-WATER EFFLUENT; TREATMENT-PLANT EFFLUENT; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; REPRODUCTIVE-BEHAVIOR; INTERMITTENT EXPOSURE; MESSENGER-RNA; MALE GOLDFISH; VITELLOGENIN; FISH AB Temporal and spatial variability in estrogenicity has been documented for many treated wastewater effluents with the consequences of this variability on the expression of biomarkers of endocrine disruption being largely unknown. Laboratory exposure studies usually utilize constant exposure concentrations which may produce biological effects that differ from those observed in organisms exposed in natural environments. In this study, we investigated the effects of differential timing of exposures with 17 beta-estradiol (E2) on a range of fathead minnow biomarkers to simulate diverse environmentally relevant exposure profiles. Two 21-day, replicate experiments were performed exposing mature male fathead minnows to E2 at time-weighted mean concentrations (similar average exposure to the contaminant during the 21-day exposure period; 17 ng E2/L. experiment 1; 12 ng E2/L, experiment 2) comparable to E2 equivalency values (EEQ) reported for several anthropogenically altered environments. A comparable time-weighted mean concentration of E2 was applied to five treatments which varied in the daily application schema: E2 was either applied at a steady rate (ST), in a gradual decreasing concentration (HI), a gradual increasing concentration (LO), applied intermittently (IN), or at a randomly varying concentration (VA). We assessed a range of widely used physiological (vitellogenin mRNA induction and plasma concentrations), anatomical (body and organ indices, secondary sex characteristics, and histopathology), and behavioral (nest holding) biomarkers reported to change following exposure to endocrine active compounds (EACs). All treatments responded with a rise in plasma vitellogenin concentration when compared with the ethanol carrier control. Predicatively, vitellogenin mRNA induction, which tracked closely with plasma vitellogenin concentrations in most treatments was not elevated in the HI treatment, presumably due to the lack of E2 exposure immediately prior to analysis. The ability of treatment male fish to hold nest sites in direct competition with control males was sensitive to E2 exposure and did yield statistically significant differences between treatments and carrier control. Other biological endpoints assessed in this study (organosomatic indices, secondary sex characteristics) varied little between treatments and controls. This study indicates that a broad suite of endpoints is necessary to fully assess the biological consequences of fish exposure to estrogens and that for at least field studies, a combination of vitellogenin mRNA and plasma vitellogenin analysis are most promising in deciphering exposure histories of wild-caught and caged fishes. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hyndman, K. M.; Bartell, S. E.; Schoenfuss, H. L.] St Cloud State Univ, Aquat Toxicol Lab, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. [Biales, A.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Schoenfuss, HL (reprint author), St Cloud State Univ, Aquat Toxicol Lab, WSB-273,720 4th Ave S, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. EM hschoenfuss@stcloudstate.edu FU US EPA STAR [R832741-01-1]; St. Cloud State University; United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX We thank Gerald LeBlanc at North Carolina State University for the generous donation of the fathead minnow vitellogenin antibody used in this study. This research was supported by the US EPA STAR Program (Grant # R832741-01-1) and a St. Cloud State University student research grant to KMH. Assistance in the laboratory was provided by Tim Loes, Meghan McGee Painter, Kirstin Pfan-nenstein, Meghan Buerkley, John Roos and Amanda Brown. Three anonymous peer reviewers improved the manuscript through their thoughtful comments. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated on the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 35 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD MAR 1 PY 2010 VL 96 IS 4 BP 264 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.11.004 PG 9 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 571OP UT WOS:000275763900003 PM 20005582 ER PT J AU Dutton, SJ Rajagopalan, B Vedal, S Hannigan, MP AF Dutton, Steven J. Rajagopalan, Balaji Vedal, Sverre Hannigan, Michael P. TI Temporal patterns in daily measurements of inorganic and organic speciated PM2.5 in Denver SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Particulate matter; PM2.5; Chemical speciation; Organic molecular markers; Weekday/weekend ID AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES; FINE-PARTICLE EMISSIONS; LOMB-SCARGLE PERIODOGRAMS; MOTOR-VEHICLE EMISSIONS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SPACED TIME-SERIES; DUTY DIESEL TRUCKS; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; FIREPLACE COMBUSTION; PARTICULATE MATTER AB Airborne particulate matter less than 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) has been linked to a wide range of adverse health effects and as a result is currently regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. PM2.5 originates from a multitude of sources and has heterogeneous physical and chemical characteristics. These features complicate the link between PM2.5 emission sources, ambient concentrations and health effects. The goal of the Denver Aerosol Sources and Health (DASH) study is to investigate associations between sources and health using daily measurements of speciated PM2.5 in Denver. The datxa set being collected for the DASH study will be the longest daily speciated PM2.5 data set of its kind covering 5.5 years of daily inorganic and organic speciated measurements. As of 2008, 4.5 years of bulk measurements (mass, inorganic ions and total carbon) and 1.5 years of organic molecular marker measurements have been completed. Several techniques were used to reveal long-term and short-term temporal patterns in the bulk species and the organic molecular marker species. All species showed a strong annual periodicity, but their monthly and seasonal behavior varied substantially. Weekly periodicities appear in many compound classes with the most significant weekday/weekend effect observed for elemental carbon, cholestanes, hopanes, select polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) heavy n-alkanoic acids and methoxyphenols. Many of the observed patterns can be explained by meteorology or anthropogenic activity patterns while others do not appear to have such obvious explanations. Similarities and differences in these findings compared to those reported from other cities are highlighted. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hannigan, Michael P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Dutton, Steven J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rajagopalan, Balaji] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Vedal, Sverre] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Hannigan, MP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RI Dutton, Steven/C-5912-2011; Rajagopalan, Balaji/A-5383-2013 OI Rajagopalan, Balaji/0000-0002-6883-7240 FU NIEHS [RO1 ES010197]; NSF [EEC 0552895] FX This research is supported by NIEHS research grant number RO1 ES010197. Additional support for student assistance was provided by NSF Research Experience for Undergraduates award number EEC 0552895. We would like to thank Adam Eisele and Gregg Thomas for their assistance in acquiring the traffic count data. NR 64 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 44 IS 7 BP 987 EP 998 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.06.006 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 578SW UT WOS:000276316700013 PM 23486844 ER PT J AU Hill, BH Elonen, CM Jicha, TM Bolgrien, DW Moffett, MF AF Hill, Brian H. Elonen, Colleen M. Jicha, Terri M. Bolgrien, David W. Moffett, Mary F. TI Sediment microbial enzyme activity as an indicator of nutrient limitation in the great rivers of the Upper Mississippi River basin SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Microbial enzymes; Nutrients; Stoichiometry; Upper Mississippi River basin ID FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; TRANSPORT SYSTEM ACTIVITY; WETLAND SOILS; PHOSPHORUS; CARBON; BACTERIOPLANKTON; STOICHIOMETRY; NITROGEN; AVAILABILITY; DYNAMICS AB We compared extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) of microbial assemblages in river sediments at 447 sites along the Upper Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio Rivers with sediment and water chemistry, atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfate, and catchment land uses. The sites represented five unique river reaches-impounded and unimpounded reaches of the Upper Mississippi River, the upper and lower reaches of the Missouri River, and the entire Ohio River. Land use and river chemistry varied significantly between rivers and reaches. There was more agriculture in the two Upper Mississippi River reaches, and this was reflected in higher nutrient concentrations at sites in these reaches. EEA was highest in the two Upper Mississippi River reaches, followed by the lower Missouri River reach. EEA was generally lowest in the upper Missouri River reach. Canonical correlation analysis revealed a strong correlation between EEA and the suite of water and sediment chemistry variables, and the percent of the catchment in anthropogenically dominated land uses, including agriculture and urban development. Nutrient ratios of the waters and sediments suggested carbon (C), nitrogen (N), or phosphorus (P) limitation at a large number of sites in each reach. C-limitation was most pronounced in the unimpounded Mississippi River and lower Missouri River reaches; N-limitation was prevalent in the two Missouri River reaches; and P-limitation dominated the Ohio River. Linking microbial enzyme activities to regional-scale anthropogenic stressors in these large river ecosystems suggests that microbial enzyme regulation of carbon and nutrient dynamics may be sensitive indicators of anthropogenic nutrient and carbon loading. C1 [Hill, Brian H.; Elonen, Colleen M.; Jicha, Terri M.; Bolgrien, David W.; Moffett, Mary F.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Hill, BH (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM hill.brian@epa.gov RI Hill, Brian/E-6799-2013 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank Xiaoli Yuan (USGS Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center) for analytical chemistry support; Marlys Cappaert and her data team (CSC Corp.) for database support; and Tatiana Nawrocki, Matthew Starry, Roger Meyer, and Jesse Adams (CSC Corp.) for GIS support. Tony Olsen supervised the creation of the survey design. We are especially indebted to the field crews who collected the data. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 54 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 6 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD MAR PY 2010 VL 97 IS 2-3 BP 195 EP 209 DI 10.1007/s10533-009-9366-0 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 553RK UT WOS:000274384300006 ER PT J AU Ballet, S Marczak, ED Feytens, D Salvadori, S Sasaki, Y Abell, AD Lazarus, LH Balboni, G Tourwe, D AF Ballet, Steven Marczak, Ewa D. Feytens, Debby Salvadori, Severo Sasaki, Yusuke Abell, Andrew D. Lazarus, Lawrence H. Balboni, Gianfranco Tourwe, Dirk TI Novel multiple opioid ligands based on 4-aminobenzazepinone (Aba), azepinoindole (Aia) and tetrahydroisoquinoline (Tic) scaffolds SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Designed multiple ligands; Constrained amino acids; Dual mu/delta opioid antagonists ID RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; BIVALENT LIGANDS; DOUBLE-ENKEPHALINS; SIDE-CHAIN; ANALOGS; AGONISTS; PHARMACOPHORE; PEPTIDE; POTENT; BINALTORPHIMINE AB The dimerization and trimerization of the Dmt-Tic, Dmt-Aia and Dmt-Aba pharmacophores provided multiple ligands which were evaluated in vitro for opioid receptor binding and functional activity. Whereas the Tic-and Aba multimers proved to be dual and balanced delta/mu antagonists, as determined by the functional [S(35)] GTP gamma S binding assay, the dimerization of potent Aia-based 'parent' ligands unexpectedly resulted in substantial less efficient receptor binding and non-active dimeric compounds. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ballet, Steven; Feytens, Debby; Tourwe, Dirk] Vrije Univ Brussels, Dept Organ Chem, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Ballet, Steven; Abell, Andrew D.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Marczak, Ewa D.; Lazarus, Lawrence H.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Med Chem Grp, LP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Salvadori, Severo] Univ Ferrara, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Salvadori, Severo] Univ Ferrara, Ctr Biotechnol, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Sasaki, Yusuke] Tohoku Pharmaceut Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9818558, Japan. [Balboni, Gianfranco] Univ Cagliari, Dept Toxicol, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy. RP Ballet, S (reprint author), Vrije Univ Brussels, Dept Organ Chem, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. EM sballet@vub.ac.be OI SALVADORI, Severo/0000-0002-8224-2358 FU Scientific Research-Flanders (Belgium); Australian Research Council [20103228]; NIH; NIEHS FX S. Ballet and D. Feytens are Research Assistants of the Fund of Scientific Research-Flanders (Belgium). This research was supported by the Australian Research Council (Grant 20103228) and in part supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH and NIEHS. We also thank Professor Peter Schiller (IRCM, Montreal) for the valuable comments during the preparation of this manuscript. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-894X J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 2010 VL 20 IS 5 BP 1610 EP 1613 DI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.01.055 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 558BG UT WOS:000274714600032 PM 20137938 ER PT J AU Levesque, S Wilson, B Gregoria, V Thorpe, LB Dallas, S Polikov, VS Hong, JS Block, ML AF Levesque, Shannon Wilson, Belinda Gregoria, Vincent Thorpe, Laura B. Dallas, Shannon Polikov, Vadim S. Hong, Jau-Shyong Block, Michelle L. TI Reactive microgliosis: extracellular mu-calpain and microglia-mediated dopaminergic neurotoxicity SO BRAIN LA English DT Article DE microglia; inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration; oxidative stress; chronic neurotoxicity; extracellular mu-calpain; reactive microgliosis; Parkinson's disease ID LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY; ACUTE BRAIN-DAMAGE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; NADPH OXIDASE; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ACTIVATED MICROGLIA; SURROGATE MARKERS; CELL-MIGRATION; LIVER-INJURY AB Microglia, the innate immune cells in the brain, can become chronically activated in response to dopaminergic neuron death, fuelling a self-renewing cycle of microglial activation followed by further neuron damage (reactive microgliosis), which is implicated in the progressive nature of Parkinson's disease. Here, we use an in vitro approach to separate neuron injury factors from the cellular actors of reactive microgliosis and discover molecular signals responsible for chronic and toxic microglial activation. Upon injury with the dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, N27 cells (dopaminergic neuron cell line) released soluble neuron injury factors that activated microglia and were selectively toxic to dopaminergic neurons in mixed mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase. mu-Calpain was identified as a key signal released from damaged neurons, causing selective dopaminergic neuron death through activation of microglial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and superoxide production. These findings suggest that dopaminergic neurons may be inherently susceptible to the pro-inflammatory effects of neuron damage, i.e. reactive microgliosis, providing much needed insight into the chronic nature of Parkinson's disease. C1 [Levesque, Shannon; Gregoria, Vincent; Thorpe, Laura B.; Block, Michelle L.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. [Wilson, Belinda; Hong, Jau-Shyong] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Dept Neuropharmacol, Lab Pharmacol & Chem, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Dallas, Shannon] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Intracellular Regulat Sect, Lab Pharmacol & Chem, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Polikov, Vadim S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Block, ML (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Sanger Hall,Room 9-048,1101 E Marshall St,Med Cam, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. EM mblock@vcu.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institute of Health Pathway [R00ES01549]; NIH; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [K99ES015409-01] FX National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institute of Health Pathway to Independence Award (R00ES01549) and in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, in fulfilment of the Pathway to Independence Award (K99ES015409-01). NR 52 TC 51 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-8950 J9 BRAIN JI Brain PD MAR PY 2010 VL 133 BP 808 EP 821 DI 10.1093/brain/awp333 PN 3 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 575DI UT WOS:000276046000016 PM 20123724 ER PT J AU Eder, B Kang, DW Rao, ST Mathur, R Yu, SC Otte, T Schere, K Wayland, R Jackson, S Davidson, P McQueen, J Bridgers, G AF Eder, Brian Kang, Daiwen Rao, S. Trivikrama Mathur, Rohit Yu, Shaocai Otte, Tanya Schere, Ken Wayland, Richard Jackson, Scott Davidson, Paula McQueen, Jeff Bridgers, George TI USING NATIONAL AIR QUALITY FORECAST GUIDANCE TO DEVELOP LOCAL AIR QUALITY INDEX FORECASTS SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM; OZONE; BENCHMARK; PROGRAM; MAXIMUM; SKILL AB The National Air Quality Forecast Capability (NAQFC) currently provides next-day forecasts of ozone concentrations over the contiguous United States. It was developed collaboratively by NOAA and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in order to provide state and local agencies, as well as the general public, air quality forecast guidance. As part of the development process, the NAQFC has been evaluated utilizing strict monitor-to-gridcell matching criteria, and discrete-type statistics of forecast concentrations. While such an evaluation is important to the developers, it is equally, if not more important, to evaluate the performance using the same protocol as the model's intended application. Accordingly, the purpose of this article is to demonstrate the efficacy of the NAQFC from the perspective of a local forecaster, thereby promoting its use. Such an approach has required the development of a new evaluation protocol: one that examines the ability of the NAQFC to forecast values of the EPA's Air Quality Index (AQI) rather than ambient air concentrations; focuses on the use of categorical-type statistics related to exceedances and nonexceedances; and, most challenging, examines performance, not based on matched grid cells and monitors, but rather over a "local forecast region," such as an air shed or metropolitan statistical area (MSA). Results from this approach, which is demonstrated for the Charlotte, North Carolina, MSA and subsequently applied to four additional MSAs during the summer of 2007, reveal that the quality of the NAQFC forecasts is generally comparable to forecasts from local agencies. Such findings will hopefully persuade forecasters, whether they are experienced with numerous tools at their disposal or inexperienced with limited resources, to utilize the NAQFC as forecast guidance. C1 [Eder, Brian; Rao, S. Trivikrama; Mathur, Rohit; Otte, Tanya; Schere, Ken] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kang, Daiwen; Yu, Shaocai] Sci & Technol Corp, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. [Wayland, Richard; Jackson, Scott] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Davidson, Paula; McQueen, Jeff] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Bridgers, George] N Carolina Dept Environm & Nat Resources, Div Air Qual, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Eder, B (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Mail Drop E243-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM eder.brian@epa.gov RI yu, shaocai/G-7806-2011; yu, shaocai/F-1394-2014; OI Spero, Tanya/0000-0002-1600-0422 NR 28 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 91 IS 3 BP 313 EP + DI 10.1175/2009BAMS2734.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 585QP UT WOS:000276843400002 ER PT J AU Bautista, NS Sagers, CL Lee, EH Watrud, LS AF Bautista, Nonnatus S. Sagers, Cynthia L. Lee, E. Henry Watrud, Lidia S. TI Flowering times in genetically modified Brassica hybrids in the absence of selection SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Brassica; canola; genetically modified crop; hybrid; flowering phenology ID HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; RAPA AB Bautista, N. S., Sagers, C. L., Lee, E. H. and Watrud, L. S. 2010. Flowering times in genetically modified Brassica hybrids in the absence of selection. Can. J. Plant Sci. 90: 185-187. Changes in days to flowering (DTF) were observed among reciprocal F, progeny of Brassica napus'RaideRR' with other B. napus and also with weedy B. rapa. Changes in DTF are presented as factors to consider in evaluating the potential of crop to weed gene flow in different geographies. C1 [Sagers, Cynthia L.] Univ AR, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Bautista, Nonnatus S.] Ateneo Manila Univ, Dept Biol, Quezon City 1108, Philippines. [Lee, E. Henry; Watrud, Lidia S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Sagers, CL (reprint author), Univ AR, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM csagers@uark.edu RI Eclevia, Marian/I-6486-2013 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 280 ALBERT ST, SUITE 900, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5G8, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 90 IS 2 BP 185 EP 187 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 571GJ UT WOS:000275739500006 ER PT J AU Menetrez, MY Foarde, KK Dean, TR Betancourt, DA AF Menetrez, M. Y. Foarde, K. K. Dean, T. R. Betancourt, D. A. TI The effectiveness of UV irradiation on vegetative bacteria and fungi surface contamination SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE UV; Antimicrobial; Germicidal; Antimicrobial Efficacy; HVAC; Biocontaminant ID ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; INDOOR AIR; EFFICACY; LIGHT; BIOFILMS; MOISTURE; BACILLUS; STRAINS AB Ultraviolet irradiation has been used in the indoor environment to eliminate or control infectious diseases in medical care facilities. Heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system components such as duct-liners, cooling coils, drip pans, interior insulation and areas subjected to high levels of moisture can create an environment which is prone to biological contamination on surfaces. The movement of indoor air being dominated by HVAC system operation can carry biological contaminants which can expose large numbers of building occupants to bioaerosols. The use of germicidal ultraviolet lamps (UVGI) in commercial and residential HVAC systems has increased. UVGI treatment has focused on HVAC component internal surfaces and airflow. A method to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of UVGI irradiation was developed and tested on the surface of agar plates with four species of vegetative bacteria and seven species of fungi. The percent kill and the kinetics of the rate of killing, k value, were calculated for each organism. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Menetrez, M. Y.; Dean, T. R.; Betancourt, D. A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Foarde, K. K.] Res Triangle Inst, Dept Microbiol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Menetrez, MY (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, 109 TWAlexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM menetrez.marc@epa.gov; kkf@rti.org NR 45 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1385-8947 J9 CHEM ENG J JI Chem. Eng. J. PD MAR 1 PY 2010 VL 157 IS 2-3 BP 443 EP 450 DI 10.1016/j.cej.2009.12.004 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 572XB UT WOS:000275868500020 ER PT J AU Martin, MT Dix, DJ Judson, RS Kavlock, RJ Reif, DM Richard, AM Rotroff, DM Romanov, S Medvedev, A Poltoratskaya, N Gambarian, M Moeser, M Makarov, SS Houck, KA AF Martin, Matthew T. Dix, David J. Judson, Richard S. Kavlock, Robert J. Reif, David M. Richard, Ann M. Rotroff, Daniel M. Romanov, Sergei Medvedev, Alexander Poltoratskaya, Natalia Gambarian, Maria Moeser, Matt Makarov, Sergei S. Houck, Keith A. TI Impact of Environmental Chemicals on Key Transcription Regulators and Correlation to Toxicity End Points within EPA's ToxCast Program SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATIC PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR-ALPHA; PREGNANE X-RECEPTOR; IN-VITRO; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DRUG-METABOLISM; ACTIVATION; HERBICIDE AB Exposure to environmental chemicals adds to the burden of disease in humans and wildlife to a degree that is difficult to estimate and, thus, mitigate. The ability to assess the impact of existing chemicals for which little to no toxicity data are available or to foresee such effects during early stages of chemical development and use, and before potential exposure occurs, is a pressing need. However, the capacity of the current toxicity evaluation approaches to meet this demand is limited by low throughput and high costs. In the context of EPA's ToxCast project, we have evaluated a novel cellular biosensor system (Factorial(1)) that enables rapid, high-content assessment of a compound's impact on gene regulatory networks. The Factorial biosensors combined libraries of cis- and traps-regulated transcription factor reporter constructs with a highly homogeneous method of detection enabling simultaneous evaluation of multiplexed transcription factor activities. Here, we demonstrate the application of the technology toward determining bioactivity profiles by quantitatively evaluating the effects of 309 environmental chemicals on 25 nuclear receptors and 48 transcription factor response elements. We demonstrate coherent transcription factor activity across nuclear receptors and their response elements and that Nrf2 activity, a marker of oxidative stress, is highly correlated to the overall promiscuity of a chemical. Additionally, as part of the ToxCast program, we identify molecular targets that associate with in vivo end points and represent modes of action that can serve as potential toxicity pathway biomarkers and inputs for predictive modeling of in vivo toxicity. C1 [Martin, Matthew T.; Dix, David J.; Judson, Richard S.; Kavlock, Robert J.; Reif, David M.; Richard, Ann M.; Houck, Keith A.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rotroff, Daniel M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Medvedev, Alexander; Poltoratskaya, Natalia; Gambarian, Maria; Moeser, Matt; Makarov, Sergei S.] Attagene Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Martin, MT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM martin.matt@epa.gov RI Martin, Matthew/A-1982-2013; OI Martin, Matthew/0000-0002-8096-9908; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633 FU EPA/University of North Carolina Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Cooperative Training [CR83323601]; U.S. National Institutes of Health [1R43CA101636, 1R43CA101271, UO1AI061360]; United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX This data was generated by Attagene under U.S. EPA Contract Number EP-W-07-049, and we thank Mr. John Southerland for excellent management of this contract. We also thank Dr. Maritja Wolf, Lockheed Martin, contractor to the U.S. EPA, for technical assistance managing chemical information. D.M.R. was supported by EPA/University of North Carolina Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Cooperative Training Agreement #CR83323601. Attagene research was supported by U.S. National Institutes of Health grants 1R43CA101636, 1R43CA101271, and UO1AI061360. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency administrative review and approved for submission and peer review. NR 54 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 4 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 23 IS 3 BP 578 EP 590 DI 10.1021/tx900325g PG 13 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 566ZJ UT WOS:000275411700019 PM 20143881 ER PT J AU Lehrter, JC Cebrian, J AF Lehrter, John C. Cebrian, Just TI Uncertainty propagation in an ecosystem nutrient budget SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE degrees of freedom; nutrient budget; salt marsh; standard error; uncertainty propagation ID ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; ORGANIC-CARBON; SEDIMENTS; NITROGEN; MODELS; FLORIDA; PHOSPHORUS; SEAWATER; DENSITY; STATE AB New aspects and advancements in classical uncertainty propagation methods were used to develop a nutrient budget with associated uncertainty for a northern Gulf of Mexico coastal embayment. Uncertainty was calculated for budget terms by propagating the standard error and degrees of freedom. New aspects include the combined use of Monte Carlo simulations with classical error propagation methods, uncertainty analyses for GIS computations, and uncertainty propagation involving literature and subjective estimates of terms used in the budget calculations. The methods employed are broadly applicable to the mathematical operations employed in ecological studies involving step-by-step calculations, scaling procedures, and calculations of variables from direct measurements and/or literature estimates. Propagation of the standard error and the degrees of freedom allowed for calculation of the uncertainty intervals around every term in the budget. For scientists and environmental managers, the methods developed herein provide a relatively simple framework to propagate and assess the contributions of uncertainty in directly measured and literature estimated variables to calculated variables. Application of these methods to environmental data used in scientific reporting and environmental management will improve the interpretation of data and simplify the estimation of risk associated with decisions based on ecological studies. C1 [Lehrter, John C.] US EPA, NHEERL, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Cebrian, Just] Univ Alabama, Dauphin Isl Sea Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA. [Cebrian, Just] Univ S Alabama, Dept Marine Sci, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. RP Lehrter, JC (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM lehrter.john@epa.gov FU National Science Foundation [BSR-8702333-06, DEB-9211772, DEB-9411974, DEB-0080381]; Alabama Center for Estuarine Studies (ACES) [5-21854]; National Coastal Data Development Center (NOAA) [NA06OAR4320264]; U.S. EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory FX We thank Jason Stutes, Amy Hunter, Alina Corcoran, Adrienne Stutes, and the technical support staff of the Dauphin Island Sea Lab for their field and analytical work. Critical reviews provided by Ernest Lo and an anonymous reviewer greatly improved this manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge the data provided by Jorge Ruhlmann, which were used to calculate marsh sediment particle density. Some data used in this publication were provided by the Virginia Coast Reserve LTER project, which was supported by National Science Foundation grants BSR-8702333-06, DEB-9211772, DEB-9411974, and DEB-0080381. This research was partially funded by grants to J. Cebrian from Alabama Center for Estuarine Studies (ACES, grant #5-21854) and the National Coastal Data Development Center (NOAA, grant #NA06OAR4320264) and by support for J. Lehrter by the U.S. EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory. The contents are solely the views of the authors. Use of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. EPA. This is contribution 1345 from the U.S. EPA Gulf Ecology Division. NR 50 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 21 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 20 IS 2 BP 508 EP 524 DI 10.1890/08-2222.1 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 582YA UT WOS:000276635600015 PM 20405803 ER PT J AU Reavie, ED Jicha, TM Angradi, TR Bolgrien, DW Hill, BH AF Reavie, Euan D. Jicha, Terri M. Angradi, Ted R. Bolgrien, David W. Hill, Brian H. TI Algal assemblages for large river monitoring: Comparison among biovolume, absolute and relative abundance metrics SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Algae; Periphyton; Phytoplankton; Great rivers; Water quality; Stressors; Metrics; Biovolume; Density ID WATER-QUALITY; GREAT-LAKES; PHYTOPLANKTON; INDICATORS; DIATOMS; PROGRAM; BIOMASS AB Periphyton and phytoplankton samples were collected and analyzed from 393 locations in three mid-continent (US) great rivers: the Upper Mississippi, Missouri and Ohio. From the 410 taxa identified, 303 taxa were common enough for multivariate analyses. Algae assemblages were quantified by multiple metrics including biovolume (based on algal shape formulae and cell measurements), relative biovolume, cell density, relative cell density, entity density (based on numbers of colonies, filaments or free-living cells), and relative entity density. Relationships between algal metrics and both water quality (e.g., nutrients, ionic properties, physicochemical parameters) and landscape-scale stressor data (e.g., proportions watershed with agriculture and urban development, impoundment, pollution point-sources) were examined using multivariate analyses. Overall, algal metrics were more closely related to water quality than to landscape stressors. Phytoplankton cell density was the best indicator of water quality with 45% of the variance in the taxonomic data explained. We suspect that relationships between periphyton and water quality were weaker because water grab samples did not reflect the prevailing conditions to which the periphyton had been exposed. Phytoplankton also had a slightly stronger relationship to landscape-scale stressor data than did periphyton. Biovolume metrics were the best periphytic indicators of water quality and stressors. Absolute algal metrics, especially cell density, consistently had stronger relationships to water quality and stressors than relative (percentage-based) metrics. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Reavie, Euan D.] Univ Minnesota Duluth, Ctr Water & Environm, Nat Resources Res Inst, Ely, MN 55731 USA. [Jicha, Terri M.; Angradi, Ted R.; Bolgrien, David W.; Hill, Brian H.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Reavie, ED (reprint author), Univ Minnesota Duluth, Ctr Water & Environm, Nat Resources Res Inst, 1900 E Camp St, Ely, MN 55731 USA. EM ereavie@nrri.umn.edu RI Hill, Brian/E-6799-2013; OI Reavie, Euan/0000-0001-8871-5809 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [CR-83272401]; Center for Water and the Environment; Natural Resources Research Institute; University of Minnesota Duluth FX We thank the field crews who collected the EMAP-GRE data. M. Agbeti of Bio-Limno Research and Consulting and E. Ruzycki (NRRI) supported algal analyses. N. Danz helped with calculations and development of the algae database. This research was supported by a grant to E. Reavie from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under Cooperative Agreement CR-83272401. This document has not been subjected to the Agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the view of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. This is contribution number 493 of the Center for Water and the Environment, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth. NR 34 TC 32 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 10 IS 2 BP 167 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.04.009 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 528GU UT WOS:000272431700009 ER PT J AU Jordan, SJ Lewis, MA Harwell, LM Goodman, LR AF Jordan, Stephen J. Lewis, Michael A. Harwell, Linda M. Goodman, Larry R. TI Summer fish communities in northern Gulf of Mexico estuaries: Indices of ecological condition SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Gulf of Mexico; Estuaries; Fish community; Indicators; Diversity; Trophic guilds ID BIOTIC INTEGRITY INDEX; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITION; MULTIMETRIC INDEX; QUALITY; ECOSYSTEMS; MARINE; TOOL; BAY AB We used fish community data from trawl samples collected from >100 estuaries, bayous, and coastal lagoons of the Louisianan Biogeographic Province (Gulf of Mexico) to develop indicators of large-scale ecological condition. One data set, from which we derived reference values for fish community indicators, was based on bottom trawl samples collected from 367 randomly located sites during the summers of 1992-1994. A second trawl data set with similar geographic scope from 2000 to 2004 was used to test the robustness of the indicators derived from the reference data set to new data. We constructed a fish community index (FCI) from three basic indicators: number of species per trawl, total abundance per trawl, and an index of trophic balance among three common feeding guilds. The FCl was not correlated with salinity over a range from freshwater to marine and hypersaline conditions (052 psu). Direct correlations between the index and environmental variables generally were weak, although some were significant (p < 0.05). The FCl was negatively correlated with water clarity (secchi depth), water column depth, and sediment toxicity; correlations of the FCl with pH, sediment organic carbon, and sediment silt + clay content were positive. There was a hyperbolic relationship between dissolved oxygen and maximum values of the index, and no significant correlation with watershed land cover at the whole-estuary or estuary-complex scale. Values of all indicators increased between the two time periods. The FCl is a broad indicator of ecological condition for estuaries within the Louisianan Province, with data aggregated at scales ranging from large estuaries to the entire region. Sample density was insufficient to judge performance of the indicators or index at smaller scales. Published by Elsievier Ltd. C1 [Jordan, Stephen J.; Lewis, Michael A.; Harwell, Linda M.; Goodman, Larry R.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Jordan, SJ (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM jordan.steve@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory FX We thank, most of all, the many people who collected data for this study, including biologists and technicians from Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Thoughtful preliminary reviews of the manuscript by Donna Bilkovic, Virginia Engle, and William Fisher were most helpful. Ms. Engle also assisted with land cover data. Mapping and spatial analysis were assisted by Pete Bourgeois of the U.S. Geological Survey. The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution number 1333 from the Gulf Ecology Division. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 10 IS 2 BP 504 EP 515 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.09.003 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 528GU UT WOS:000272431700045 ER PT J AU Leduc, SD Rothstein, DE AF LeDuc, Stephen D. Rothstein, David E. TI Plant-available organic and mineral nitrogen shift in dominance with forest stand age SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amino acids; disturbance; jack pine; mineralization; mineral nitrogen; organic nitrogen; Pinus banksiana; proteolysis ID JACK PINE FORESTS; FREE AMINO-ACIDS; ARCTIC TUNDRA SOILS; BOREAL FOREST; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; FIRE CHRONOSEQUENCE; PONDEROSA PINE; CARBON; WILDFIRE; DYNAMICS AB Studies of soil nitrogen (N) availability over stand development have almost exclusively focused on mineral N, yet we increasingly recognize that plants can take up organic N in the form of free amino acids at biologically important rates. We investigated amino-acid and mineral N availability along a 10-site chronosequence of jack pine stands, varying in age from 4 to 60 yr following wildfire. We measured free amino-acid N and mineral N in soil extracts; native proteolytic rates; net N mineralization rates; and microbial amino-acid consumption via a N-15 leucine tracer assay in 6 of the 10 sites (4, 10, 18, 22, 46, and 55-yr-old). Amino-acid N was consistently low in the youngest sites (4-10 yr), increased rapidly in mid-aged sites (15-22 yr), and was highest in stand age 46. In contrast, mineral N exhibited a parabolic shape (R-2 = 0.499; P < 0.0001), with the youngest site and the four oldest sites containing the highest amounts of mineral N. As a result, amino-acid N as a percentage of amino-acid N mineral N was greatest in mid-aged stands (e.g., 67% in the 22-yr-old stand). We observed no trend in proteolytic rates across the chronosequence (P = 0.632). Percentage N-15 tracer recovery was lowest in the extractable organic N pool for the 4, 10, and 18-yr-old sites, though only site age 10 was significantly different from the older sites. Percentage of recovery in the organic N pool was significantly positively related (R-2 = 0.798; P < 0.05) to standing pools of amino-acid N. Overall, our results suggest that heterotrophic consumption, not production via proteolysis, controls soil free amino-acid availability. Higher microbial demand for free amino acids in younger vs. older sites likely results from greater microbial C and N limitation early in stand development due to the lack of fresh litter inputs. Since amino-acid N exceeds mineral N in a time period of stand development where jack pine growth rates and N demand are highest, we speculate that amino-acid N may be important to the N economy of these forests. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Ecol Evolutionary Biol & Behav Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Leduc, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. EM leduc.stephen@epa.gov OI Rothstein, David E/0000-0002-8426-9933 FU National Science Foundation [0448058]; Michigan Botanical Society; Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station; Michigan State University FX We thank the USDA Forest Service and the Michigan Department of Natural Resources for access to field sites and logistical support. We heartily thank A. Holcomb, R. Fanelli, J. Kunkle, M. McDermott, G. Mileski, A. Mueller, S. Spaulding, E. White, and many others for field, technical, and laboratory assistance. We gratefully acknowledge the efforts of two anonymous reviewers whose suggestions greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. This project was supported by funding from a National Science Foundation grant 0448058 to D. E. Rothstein, a Michigan Botanical Society's Hanes Fund grant, the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station, and a Michigan State University's Plant Science fellowship to S. D. LeDuc. NR 54 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 7 U2 37 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD MAR PY 2010 VL 91 IS 3 BP 708 EP 720 DI 10.1890/09-0140.1 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 582XZ UT WOS:000276635500009 PM 20426330 ER PT J AU Bermudez, DS Rider, CV Wilson, VS Gray, LE AF Bermudez, Dieldrich S. Rider, Cynthia V. Wilson, Vickie S. Gray, L. Earl, Jr. TI In vivo and in vitro mixture modeling of endocrine disruptors (EDs) SO ENDOCRINE JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bermudez, Dieldrich S.; Wilson, Vickie S.; Gray, L. Earl, Jr.] US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Branch, ORD, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rider, Cynthia V.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JAPAN ENDOCRINE SOC PI KYOTO PA 75 YANAGINOBANBA NISHIIRU-MASUYA-CHO, SANJOU-DORI, NAKAGYOU-KU, KYOTO, 604-8111, JAPAN SN 0918-8959 J9 ENDOCR J JI Endocr. J. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 57 SU 2 BP S287 EP S287 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 623LV UT WOS:000279742600393 ER PT J AU Korach, K AF Korach, Kenneth TI Estrogen receptor insensitivity: Consequences in endocrine physiology SO ENDOCRINE JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Korach, Kenneth] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JAPAN ENDOCRINE SOC PI KYOTO PA 75 YANAGINOBANBA NISHIIRU-MASUYA-CHO, SANJOU-DORI, NAKAGYOU-KU, KYOTO, 604-8111, JAPAN SN 0918-8959 J9 ENDOCR J JI Endocr. J. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 57 SU 2 BP S263 EP S263 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 623LV UT WOS:000279742600291 ER PT J AU McCarroll, N Keshava, N Chen, J Akerman, G Kligerman, A Rinde, E AF McCarroll, Nancy Keshava, Nagalakshmi Chen, Jonathan Akerman, Gregory Kligerman, Andrew Rinde, Esther TI An Evaluation of the Mode of Action Framework for Mutagenic Carcinogens Case Study II: Chromium (VI) SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Review DE mutagenicity; hexavalent chromium; Cr (VI); mode of action ID PROTEIN CROSS-LINKING; KAPPA-B ACTIVATION; DNA-DAMAGE; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; DRINKING-WATER; OXIDATIVE STRESS; IN-VITRO; MICRONUCLEUS TEST; RISK-ASSESSMENT; BONE-MARROW AB In response to the 2005 revised U.S Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Cancer Guidelines, a strategy is being developed to include all mutagenicity and other genotoxicity data with additional information to determine whether the initiating step in carcinogenesis is through a mutagenic mode of action (MOA). This information is necessary to decide if age-dependent adjustment factors (ADAFs) should be applied to the risk assessment. Chromium (VI) [Cr (VI)], a carcinogen in animals and humans via inhalation, was reassessed by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) in 2-year drinking water studies in rodents. From these data, NTP concluded that the results with Cr (VI) showed clear evidence of carcinogenicity in male and female mice and rats. Cr (VI) is also mutagenic, in numerous in vitro assays, in animals (mice and rats) and in humans. Accordingly, Cr (VI) was processed through the MOA framework; f postulated key steps in tumor formation were interaction of DNA with Cr (VI) and reduction to Cr (III), mutagenesis, cell proliferation, and tumor formation. Within the timeframe and tumorigenic dose range for early events, genetic changes in mice (single/double-stranded DNA breaks) commence within 24 hr. Mechanistic evidence was also found for oxidative damage and DNA adduct formation contributing to the tumor response. The weight of evidence supports the plausibility that Cr (VI) may act through a mutagenic MOA. Therefore, the Cancer Guidelines recommend a linear extrapolation for the oral risk assessment. Cr (VI) also induces germ cell mutagenicity and causes DNA deletions in developing embryos; thus, it is recommended that the ADAFs be applied. Environ. Mal. Mutagen. 51:89-111, 2010. Published 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 [McCarroll, Nancy; Akerman, Gregory; Rinde, Esther] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Div Hlth Effects, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Keshava, Nagalakshmi] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Chen, Jonathan] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Antimicrobials Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Kligerman, Andrew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP McCarroll, N (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Div Hlth Effects, 1200 Penn Ave NW,MC 7509P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM mccarroll.nancy@epa.gov NR 98 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 14 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 51 IS 2 BP 89 EP 111 DI 10.1002/em.20525 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 555HA UT WOS:000274498400001 PM 19708067 ER PT J AU Meng, FX Knapp, GW Green, T Ross, JA Parsons, BL AF Meng, Fanxue Knapp, Geremy W. Green, Terry Ross, Jeffrey A. Parsons, Barbara L. TI K-Ras Mutant Fraction in A/J Mouse Lung Increases as a Function of Benzo[a]pyrene Dose SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE allele-specific competitive blacker PCR; risk assessment; mutation; lung cancer; B[a]P DNA adduct; K-Ras, mutant fraction; lung; carcinogenesis; A/J mouse ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; EPOXIDE-DNA ADDUCTS; DIOL-EPOXIDE; ONCOGENE MUTATIONS; TP53 MUTATIONS; MICE; ACTIVATION; TUMORS; P53; ADENOCARCINOMA AB K-Ras mutant fraction (MF) was measured to examine the default assumption of low-dose linearity in the benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) mutational response. Groups of 10 male AA mice (7- to 9-weeks old) received a single i.p. injection of 0, 0.05, 0.5, 5, or 50 mg/kg B[a]P and were sacrificed 28 days after treatment. K-Ras codon 12 TGT and GAT MFs in lung DNAs were measured using Allele-specific Competitive Blocker-PCR (ACB-PCR). The K-Ras codon 12 TGT geometric mean MF was 3.88 x 10(-4) in controls, indicating an average of 1 mutation in every similar to 1,288 lung cells. The K-Ras codon 12 TGT geometric mean MFs were as follows: 3.56 x 10(-4); 6.19 x 10(-4); 2.02 x 10(-3), and 3.50 x 10(-3) for the 0.05, 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/kg B[a]P treatment groups, respectively. The 5 and 50 mg/kg dose groups had TGT MFs significantly higher than did controls. Although 10(-5) is considered as the limit of accurate ACB-PCR quantitation, K-Ras codon 12 GAT geometric mean MFs were as follows: 8.38 x 10(-7), 1.47 x 10(-6), 2.19 x 10(-6), 571 x 10(-6), and 8.99 x 10(-6) for the 0, 0.05, 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/kg B[a]P treatment groups, respectively. The K-Ras TGT and GAT MFs increased in a B[a]P-dose-dependent manner, with response approximately linear over the 0.05 to 5 mg/kg dose range. K-Ras MF increased with B[a]P adduct burden measured for identical doses in a separate study. Thus, ACB-PCR may be useful in characterizing the shape of a dose-response curve at low doses and establishing relationships between DNA adducts and tumor-associated mutations. Environ. Mal. Mutagen. 51:146-155, 2010. Published 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 [Meng, Fanxue; Parsons, Barbara L.] Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Genet & Reprod Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Knapp, Geremy W.; Green, Terry; Ross, Jeffrey A.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Meng, FX (reprint author), Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Genet & Reprod Toxicol, HFT-120,3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. EM fanxue.meng@fda.hhs.gov RI Ross, Jeffrey/E-4782-2010 OI Ross, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7002-4548 NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 51 IS 2 BP 146 EP 155 DI 10.1002/em.20513 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 555HA UT WOS:000274498400006 PM 19658153 ER PT J AU Xue, JP Zartarian, V Wang, SW Liu, SV Georgopoulos, P AF Xue, Jianping Zartarian, Valerie Wang, Sheng-Wei Liu, Shi V. Georgopoulos, Panos TI Probabilistic Modeling of Dietary Arsenic Exposure and Dose and Evaluation with 2003-2004 NHANES Data SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE arsenic; dietary; drinking water; exposure; MENTOR; model; probabilistic; SHEDS ID MARKET BASKET SURVEY; CHILDREN; RISK; FOOD; POPULATION; MULTIMEDIA; PLAYSETS; WATER; DECKS AB BACKGROUND: Dietary exposure from food to toxic inorganic arsenic (iAs) in the general U.S. population has not been well studied. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this research was to quantify dietary As exposure and analyze the major contributors to total As (tAs) and iAs. Another objective was to compare model predictions with observed data. METHODS: Probabilistic exposure modeling for dietary As was conducted with the Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation-Dietary (SHEDS-Dietary) model, based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The dose modeling was conducted by combining the SHEDS-Dietary model with the MENTOR-3P (Modeling ENvironment for TOtal Risk with Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for Populations) system. Model evaluation was conducted via comparing exposure and dose-modeling predictions against duplicate diet data and biomarker measurements, respectively, for the same individuals. RESULTS: The mean modeled tAs exposure from food is 0.38 mu g/kg/day, which is approximately 14 times higher than the mean As exposures from the drinking water. The mean iAs exposure from food is 0.05 mu g/kg/day (1.96 mu g/day), which is approximately two times higher than the mean iAs exposures from the drinking water. The modeled exposure and dose estimates matched well with the duplicate diet data and measured As biomarkers. The major food contributors to iAs exposure were the following: vegetables (24%); fruit juices and fruits (18%); rice (17%); beer and wine (12%); and flour, corn, and wheat (11%). Approximately 10% of tAs exposure from foods is the toxic iAs form. CONCLUSIONS: The general U.S. population may be exposed to tAs and iAs more from eating some foods than from drinking water. In addition, this model evaluation effort provides more confidence in the exposure assessment tools used. C1 [Xue, Jianping; Zartarian, Valerie; Liu, Shi V.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wang, Sheng-Wei] Natl Taiwan Univ, Grad Inst Environm Hlth, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Georgopoulos, Panos] Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ USA. RP Xue, JP (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD E205-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM xue.jianping@epa.gov FU Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute [CR-827033] FX The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development conducted and partially funded the research described here under university partnership agreement CR-827033 to the Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute. NR 35 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 31 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 118 IS 3 BP 345 EP 350 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901205 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 567LX UT WOS:000275449500024 PM 20194069 ER PT J AU Crump, KS Chiu, WA Subramaniam, RP AF Crump, Kenny S. Chiu, Weihsueh A. Subramaniam, Ravi P. TI Issues in Using Human Variability Distributions to Estimate Low-Dose Risk SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE dose-response model; human variability distribution; log-normal distribution; low-dose risk; risk assessment; threshold distribution ID PROTECTION; CANCER AB BACKGROUND: The National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Improving Risk Analysis Approaches Used by the U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) recommended that low-dose risks be estimated in some situations using human variability distributions (HVDs). HVD modeling estimates log-normal distributions from data on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variables that affect individual sensitivities to the toxic response. These distributions are combined into an overall log-normal distribution for the threshold dose (dose below which there is no contribution to a toxic response) by assuming the variables act independently and multiplicatively. This distribution is centered at a point-of-departure dose that is usually estimated from animal data. The resulting log-normal distribution is used to quantify low-dose risk. OBJECTIVE: We examined the implications of various assumptions in HVD modeling for estimating low-dose risk. METHODS: The assumptions and data used in HVD modeling were subjected to rigorous scrutiny. RESULTS: We found that the assumption that the variables affecting human sensitivity vary log normally is not scientifically defensible. Other distributions that are equally consistent with the data provide very different estimates of low-dose risk. HVD modeling can also involve an assumption that a threshold dose defined by dichotomizing a continuous apical response has a log-normal distribution. This assumption is shown to be incompatible (except under highly specialized conditions) with assuming that the continuous apical response itself is log normal. However, the two assumptions can lead to very different estimates of low-dose risk. The assumption in HVD modeling that the threshold dose can be expressed as a function of a product of independent variables lacks phenomenological support. We provide an example that shows that this assumption is generally invalid. CONCLUSION: In view of these problems, we recommend caution in the use of HVD modeling as a general approach to estimating low-dose risks from human exposures to toxic chemicals. C1 [Crump, Kenny S.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Chiu, Weihsueh A.; Subramaniam, Ravi P.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Crump, KS (reprint author), POB 10348, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. EM kennycrump@email.com FU National Center for Environmental Assessment; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX The work performed by K.S.C. was supported by an appointment to the Research Participation Program of the National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 8 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 118 IS 3 BP 387 EP 393 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901250 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 567LX UT WOS:000275449500031 PM 20064772 ER PT J AU Jordan, SJ Hayes, SE Yoskowitz, D Smith, LM Summers, JK Russell, M Benson, WH AF Jordan, Stephen J. Hayes, Sharon E. Yoskowitz, David Smith, Lisa M. Summers, J. Kevin Russell, Marc Benson, William H. TI Accounting for Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability: Linking Ecosystem Services to Human Well-Being SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB One of society's greatest challenges is to sustain natural resources while promoting economic growth and quality of life. In the face of this challenge, society must measure the effectiveness of programs established to safeguard the environment. The impetus for demonstrating positive results from government-sponsored research and regulation in the United States comes from Congress (General Accountability Office; GAO) and the Executive Branch (Office of Management and Budget OMB). The message is: regulatory and research programs must demonstrate outcomes that justify their costs. Although the concept is simple, it is a complex problem to demonstrate that environmental research, policies, and regulations cause measurable changes in environmental quality. Even where changes in environmental quality can be tracked reliably, the connections between government actions and environmental outcomes seldom are direct or straightforward. In this article, we describe emerging efforts (with emphasis on the role of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; EPA) to frame and measure environmental outcomes in terms of ecosystem services and values-societally and ecologically meaningful metrics for gauging how well we manage environmental resources. As examples of accounting for outcomes and values, we present a novel, low-cost method for determining relative values of multiple ecosystem services, and describe emerging research on indicators of human well-being. C1 [Jordan, Stephen J.; Hayes, Sharon E.; Yoskowitz, David; Smith, Lisa M.; Summers, J. Kevin; Russell, Marc; Benson, William H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Jordan, SJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM jordan.steve@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This article was inspired by the vision of Rick Linthurst, EPA's National Program Director for Ecological Research, in redirecting the program toward ecosystem services and human well-being, and the senior author's experience in promoting a stronger role for ecology in EPA's decision processes. We thank all of the participants in our RESVI pilots for their time and cooperation. Drs. Marisa Mazzotta and Syma Ebbin, and staff from EPA's National Center for Environmental Economics contributed thoughtful preliminary reviews. The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use, This is contribution number 1348 from the Gulf Ecology Division, a product of EPA's Ecosystem Services Research Program. NR 35 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 7 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 5 BP 1530 EP 1536 DI 10.1021/es902597u PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 559QT UT WOS:000274842000006 PM 20131783 ER PT J AU Walker, JT Stow, CA Geron, C AF Walker, John T. Stow, Craig A. Geron, Chris TI Nitrous Oxide Emissions from the Gulf of Mexico Hypoxic Zone SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WATERS; N2O AB The production of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas, in hypoxic coastal zones remains poorly characterized due to a lack of data,though large nitrogen inputs and deoxygenation typical of these systems create the potential for large N2O emissions. We report the first N2O emission measurements from the Gulf of Mexico Hypoxic Zone (GOMHZ), including an estimate of the emission "pulse" associated with the passage of Tropical Storm Edouard in August 2008. Prestorm emission rates (25-287 nmol m(-2) hr(-1)) and dissolved N2O concentrations (5 - 30 nmol L-1) were higher than values reported for the Caribbean and western Tropical Atlantic, and on the lower end of the range of observations from deeper coastal hypoxic zones. During the storm, N2O rich subsurface water was mixed upward, increasing average surface concentrations and emission rates by 23% and 61%, respectively. Approximately 20% of the N2O within the water column vented to the atmosphere during the storm, equivalent to 13% of the total "hypoxia season" emission. Relationships between N2O, NO3-, and apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) suggest enhanced post storm N2O production, most likely in response to reoxygenation of the water column and redistribution of organic nitrogen. Our results indicate that mixing related emissions contribute significantly to total seasonal emissions and must therefore be included in emission models and inventories for the GOMHZ and other shallow coastal hypoxic zones. C1 [Walker, John T.; Geron, Chris] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Stow, Craig A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. RP Walker, JT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM walker.johnt@epa.gov RI Walker, John/I-8880-2014; OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514; Stow, Craig/0000-0001-6171-7855; Geron, Chris/0000-0002-4266-2155 FU U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development; NOAA CSCOR [NA06NOS4780148] FX This work was supported by the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development and NOAA CSCOR Award NA06NOS4780148. We thank the captain and crew of the R/V Pelican(Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium), Bill Preston (U.S. EPA), and Wayne Robarge (North Carolina State University, Department of Soil Science) for field and analytical support. We also thank Mike Roman and Steve Brandt for the opportunity to participate in the 2008 cruise. This manuscript is GLERL contribution number 1544. NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 5 BP 1617 EP 1623 DI 10.1021/es902058t PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 559QT UT WOS:000274842000018 PM 20131822 ER PT J AU Bash, JO Walker, JT Katul, GG Jones, MR Nemitz, E Robarg, WP AF Bash, Jesse O. Walker, John T. Katul, Gabriel G. Jones, Matthew R. Nemitz, Eiko Robarg, Wayne P. TI Estimation of In-Canopy Ammonia Sources and Sinks in a Fertilized Zea mays Field SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LAGRANGIAN DISPERSION ANALYSIS; BIOSPHERE-ATMOSPHERE EXCHANGE; COMPENSATION POINT; ROUGHNESS SUBLAYER; PLANT CANOPIES; FOREST CANOPY; CO2 SOURCES; MODELS; NITROGEN; FLUXES AB An analytical model was developed to describe in-canopy vertical distribution of ammonia (NH(3)) sources and sinks and vertical fluxes in a fertilized agricultural setting using measured in-canopy mean NH(3) concentration and wind speed profiles. This model was applied to quantify in-canopy air-surface exchange rates and above-canopy NH(3) fluxes in a fertilized corn (Zea mays) field. Modeled air-canopy NH(3) fluxes agreed well with independent above-canopy flux estimates. Based on the model results, the urea fertilized soil surface was a consistent source of NH(3) one month following the fertilizer application, whereas the vegetation canopy was typically a net NH(3) sink with the lower portion of the canopy being a constant sink. The model results suggested that the canopy was a sink for some 70% of the estimated soil NH(3) emissions. A logical conclusion is that parametrization of within-canopy processes in air quality models are necessary to explore the impact of agricultural field level management practices on regional air quality. Moreover, there are agronomic and environmental benefits to timing liquid fertilizer applications as close to canopy closure as possible. Finally, given the large within-canopy mean NH(3) concentration gradients in such agricultural settings, a discussion about the suitability of the proposed model is also presented. C1 [Bash, Jesse O.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Walker, John T.; Jones, Matthew R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Katul, Gabriel G.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Nemitz, Eiko] CEH Edinburgh, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. [Robarg, Wayne P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Bash, JO (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RI Jones, Matthew/A-1905-2010; Katul, Gabriel/A-7210-2008; Nemitz, Eiko/I-6121-2012; Bash, Jesse/E-9688-2013; Walker, John/I-8880-2014; OI Katul, Gabriel/0000-0001-9768-3693; Nemitz, Eiko/0000-0002-1765-6298; Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514; Bash, Jesse/0000-0001-8736-0102 FU National Science Foundation [NSF-EAR 06-35787, NSF-EAR-06-28432, NSF-ATM-0724088]; Binational Agricultural Research and Development [IS3861-06]; USDA CSREES Air Quality Program [35112]; U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development FX G.K. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (NSF-EAR 06-35787, NSF-EAR-06-28432, and NSF-ATM-0724088), and the Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD, Research Grant No. IS3861-06). This work was funded by USDA CSREES Air Quality Program Grant No. 35112 and U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. Mention of commercial products does not constitute endorsement by the Agency. NR 49 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 5 BP 1683 EP 1689 DI 10.1021/es9037269 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 559QT UT WOS:000274842000028 PM 20104891 ER PT J AU Avery, CL Mills, KT Williams, R McGraw, KA Poole, C Smith, RL Whitsel, EA AF Avery, Christy L. Mills, Katherine T. Williams, Ronald McGraw, Kathleen A. Poole, Charles Smith, Richard L. Whitsel, Eric A. TI Estimating Error in Using Ambient PM2.5 Concentrations as Proxies for Personal Exposures: A Review SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; OUTDOOR CONCENTRATIONS; CORRELATION-COEFFICIENTS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; AIR CONCENTRATIONS; COARSE PARTICLES; PUBLICATION BIAS; TIME-SERIES; INDOOR AIR; METAANALYSIS AB Background: Several methods have been used to account for measurement error inherent in using ambient concentration of particulate matter <2.5 mu m/m(3) (PM2.5) as a proxy for personal exposure. Such methods commonly rely on the estimated correlation between ambient and personal PM2.5 concentrations (r). However, studies of r have not been systematically and quantitatively assessed for publication bias or heterogeneity. Methods: We searched 7 electronic reference databases for studies of the within-participant correlation between ambient and personal PM2.5. Results: We identified 567 candidate studies, 18 (3%) of which met inclusion criteria and were abstracted. The studies were published between 1999 and 2008, representing 619 nonsmoking participants aged 6-93 years in 17 European and North American cities. Correlation coefficients (median 0.54; range 0.09-0.83) were based on a median of 8 ambient-personal PM2.5 pairs per participant (range 5-20) collected over 27-547 days. Overall, there was little evidence for publication bias (funnel plot symmetry tests: Begg's log-rank test, P = 0.9; Egger's regression asymmetry test, P = 0.2). However, strong evidence for heterogeneity was noted (Cochran's Q test for heterogeneity, P < 0.001). European locales, eastern longitudes in North America, higher ambient PM2.5 concentrations, higher relative humidity, and lower between-participant variation in r were associated with increased r. Conclusions: Characteristics of participants, studies, and the environments in which they are conducted may affect the accuracy of ambient PM2.5 as a proxy for personal exposure. C1 [Avery, Christy L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Bank Amer Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Williams, Ronald] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McGraw, Kathleen A.] Univ N Carolina, Hlth Sci Lib, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Smith, Richard L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Stat & Operat Res, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Whitsel, Eric A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Avery, CL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Bank Amer Ctr, 137 E Franklin St,Suite 306, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM christy_avery@unc.edu FU National Institutes for Environmental Health Sciences [R01-ES012238, P30-ES10126]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood [T32-HL007055] FX Supported by National Institutes for Environmental Health Sciences (R01-ES012238, P30-ES10126) and National Heart, Lung, and Blood (T32-HL007055) funding. NR 53 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 30 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD MAR PY 2010 VL 21 IS 2 BP 215 EP 223 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181cb41f7 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 567EM UT WOS:000275426000009 PM 20087191 ER PT J AU Suliman, HB Babiker, A Withers, CM Sweeney, TE Carraway, MS Tatro, LG Bartz, RR Welty-Wolf, KE Piantadosi, CA AF Suliman, Hagir B. Babiker, Abdelwahid Withers, Crystal M. Sweeney, Timothy E. Carraway, Martha S. Tatro, Lynn G. Bartz, Raquel R. Welty-Wolf, Karen E. Piantadosi, Claude A. TI Nitric oxide synthase-2 regulates mitochondrial Hsp60 chaperone function during bacterial peritonitis in mice SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Heat shock proteins; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial biogenesis; Nitric oxide; Reactive oxygen species; Sepsis; Free radicals ID PROTEIN S-NITROSYLATION; OXIDATIVE-METABOLISM; ENDOTOXIC-SHOCK; COMPLEX-I; BIOGENESIS; SEPSIS; DAMAGE; APOPTOSIS; RESPONSES; LIVER AB Nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2) plays a critical role in reactive nitrogen species generation and cysteine modifications that influence mitochondrial function and signaling during inflammation. Here, we investigated the role of NOS2 in hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis during Escherichia coli peritonitis in mice. NOS2(-/-) mice displayed smaller mitochondrial biogenesis responses than Wt mice during E. coli infection according to differences in mRNA levels for the PGC-1 alpha coactivator, nuclear respiratory factor-1, mitochondrial transcription factor-A (Tfam), and mtDNA polymerase (Pol gamma). NOS2(-/-) mice did not significantly increase mitochondrial Tfam and Pol gamma protein levels during infection in conjunction with impaired mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transcription, loss of mtDNA copy number, and lower State 3 respiration rates. NOS2 blockade in mitochondrial-GFP reporter mice disrupted Hsp60 localization to mitochondria after E. coli exposure. Mechanistically, biotin-switch and immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated NOS2 binding to and S-nitros(yl)ation of Hsp60 and Hsp70. Specifically, NOS2 promoted Tfam accumulation in mitochondria by regulation of Hsp60-Tfam binding via S-nitros(yl)ation. In hepatocytes, site-directed mutagenesis identified (237)Cys as a critical residue for Hsp60 S-nitros(yl)ation. Thus, the role of NOS2 in inflammation-induced mitochondrial biogenesis involves both optimal gene expression for nuclear-encoded mtDNA-binding proteins and functional regulation of the Hsp60 chaperone that enables their importation for mtDNA transcription and replication. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Suliman, Hagir B.; Bartz, Raquel R.; Piantadosi, Claude A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Babiker, Abdelwahid] King Khalid Univ, Dept Virol & Immunol, Fac Med, Abha, Saudi Arabia. [Withers, Crystal M.; Sweeney, Timothy E.; Piantadosi, Claude A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Carraway, Martha S.; Bartz, Raquel R.; Welty-Wolf, Karen E.; Piantadosi, Claude A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Carraway, Martha S.] US EPA, Human Studies Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Welty-Wolf, Karen E.; Piantadosi, Claude A.] Durham VA Med Ctr, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Piantadosi, CA (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM piant001@mc.duke.edu FU [R01 A10664789] FX The authors thank Craig Marshall, Susan Fields, and Marta Salinas for excellent technical assistance. This work was Supported by R01 A10664789 (CAP). NR 53 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD MAR 1 PY 2010 VL 48 IS 5 BP 736 EP 746 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.12.019 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 555IN UT WOS:000274503100011 PM 20043987 ER PT J AU Angradi, TR Bolgrien, DW Jicha, TM Moffett, MF AF Angradi, Ted R. Bolgrien, David W. Jicha, Terri. M. Moffett, Mary F. TI Macroinvertebrate assemblage response to urbanization in three mid-continent USA great rivers SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Great Rivers; Upper Mississippi River; Missouri River; Ohio River; macroinvertebrates; urbanization; indicators; impervious surface; land use ID UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; CONTRASTING ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS; BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES; STREAM; MISSOURI; BIOASSESSMENT; MASSACHUSETTS; ECOSYSTEMS; CATCHMENT; LANDSCAPE AB We sampled macroinvertebrates in the benthos and on the surface of woody snags in three mid-continent USA great rivers, the Upper Mississippi River, the Lower Missouri River, and the Ohio River, all of which flow through several large urban areas. We defined urban and non-urban zones of each river based on mean percent impervious surface extracted from recent land cover data. We estimated that 28-36 % of the rivers, by length, was urbanized. Based on multivariate ordination, the overall structure of the great river assemblages was not different between urban and non-urban zones for either the benthos or snags in any river. Most taxa (82 %) did not exhibit a significant positive or negative effect of urbanization in either river. Many of the taxa that were responsive to zone type were relatively rare (river- and habitat-specific relative abundance < 5 %). For responsive taxa, the effects of urbanization were generally weaker on the Upper Mississippi and Ohio Rivers than on the Lower Missouri River and weaker for snag-surface assemblages than for the littoral benthos. Among the taxa that were more abundant in urban sections were several insect taxa generally considered intolerant of pollution. We speculate that urbanization, possibly due to nutrient enrichment and resulting increased food resources (algae, seston), may improve conditions for these taxa. There appeared to be a threshold in mean percent impervious surface for a great river subcatchment near 5 % above which urban-intolerant taxa were always rare and urban tolerant taxa were often abundant. C1 [Bolgrien, David W.; Jicha, Terri. M.; Moffett, Mary F.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM angradi.theodore@epa.gov FU U. S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank Pam Comeleo, Tatiana Nawrocki, Matt Starry, Roger Meyer, Mary Moffett, and Jesse Adams for help with data management and analysis. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 29 PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGS PI STUTTGART PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 1863-9135 J9 FUND APPL LIMNOL JI Fundam. Appl. Limnol. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 176 IS 3 BP 183 EP 198 DI 10.1127/1863-9135/2010/0176-0183 PG 16 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 623TY UT WOS:000279768700001 ER PT J AU Ellefsen, KJ Croize, D Mazzella, AT McKenna, JR AF Ellefsen, Karl J. Croize, Delphine Mazzella, Aldo T. McKenna, Jason R. TI Reply to the discussion on "Frequency-domain Green's functions for radar waves in heterogeneous 2.5D media" (K. J. Ellefsen, D. Croizeacute, A. T. Mazzella, and J. R. McKenna, 2009, GEOPHYSICS, 74, no. 3, J13-J22) SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material DE electromagnetic waves; finite difference methods; geomagnetism; Green's function methods; terrestrial electricity; wave equations C1 [Ellefsen, Karl J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Croize, Delphine] Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway. [Mazzella, Aldo T.] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [McKenna, Jason R.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Ellefsen, KJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM ellefsen@usgs.gov; croize@geo.uio.no; mazzella.aldo@epa.gov; Jason.R.McKenna@usace.army.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD MAR-APR PY 2010 VL 75 IS 2 BP X5 EP X5 DI 10.1190/1.3340918 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 585YY UT WOS:000276868100035 ER PT J AU Pond, GJ AF Pond, Gregory J. TI Patterns of Ephemeroptera taxa loss in Appalachian headwater streams (Kentucky, USA) SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Ephemeroptera; Bioassessment; Appalachian; Headwater streams; Coal mining; Urbanization; Conductivity ID MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY RESPONSES; ADULT AQUATIC INSECTS; FRESH-WATER; MAYFLIES EPHEMEROPTERA; SALINITY TOLERANCES; BACTERIAL-GROWTH; MOUNTAIN STREAM; HEAVY-METALS; RIVER-BASIN; LAND-USE AB Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) are common inhabitants of streams throughout the Appalachian Mountains. Headwater mayfly assemblages were evaluated with respect to regional landuse disturbances (coal mining and residential) in eastern Kentucky, USA. Estimates of mayfly taxa richness and relative abundance were compared at 92 sites represented by least-disturbed reference (REF; n = 44), residential only (RESID; n = 14), mixed residential and mining (MINED/RESID; n = 14), and mining only (MINED; n = 20) landuse categories. A total of 48 species from 27 genera and 9 families were identified; Ephemerella, Epeorus, Ameletus, Cinygmula, and Paraleptophlebia comprised the core 5 genera most frequently encountered at REF sites. These same genera (among others) were often reduced or extirpated from other landuse categories. Mean mayfly richness and relative abundance were significantly higher at REF sites compared to all other categories; MINED sites had significantly lower metric values compared to RESID and MINED/RESID sites. Relative mayfly abundance was most strongly correlated to specific conductance (r = 0.72) compared to total habitat score (r = 0.59), but relationships varied depending on landuse category. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (for mayfly taxa) and principal components analysis (for environmental variables) separated REF sites strongly from most other sites. The results indicate that expected mayfly communities are disappearing from streams where mining disturbance and residential development has occurred and because of the long-term impacts incurred by both landuses, recovery is uncertain. C1 US EPA, Wheeling, WV 26003 USA. RP Pond, GJ (reprint author), US EPA, Reg 3,1060 Chapline St, Wheeling, WV 26003 USA. EM pond.greg@epa.gov NR 69 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 5 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD MAR PY 2010 VL 641 IS 1 BP 185 EP 201 DI 10.1007/s10750-009-0081-6 PG 17 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 552TX UT WOS:000274317600015 ER PT J AU Hatch, GE AF Hatch, Gary E. TI Pollution and Oxidative Stress in Schoolchildren SO INDIAN PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. RP Hatch, GE (reprint author), US EPA, Mail Drop B143-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACAD PEDIATRICS PI NEW DELHI PA MAULANA AZAD MEDICAL COLLEGE, DEPT PEDIATRICS, NEW DELHI, 110 002, INDIA SN 0019-6061 J9 INDIAN PEDIATR JI Indian Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2010 VL 47 IS 3 BP 229 EP 230 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 574RS UT WOS:000276011100004 PM 20371890 ER PT J AU de la Lande, A Maddaluno, J Parisel, O Darden, TA Piquemal, JP AF de la Lande, A. Maddaluno, J. Parisel, O. Darden, T. A. Piquemal, J-P TI Study of the Docking of Competitive Inhibitors at a Model of Tyrosinase Active Site: Insights from Joint Broken-Symmetry/Spin-Flip DFT Computations and ELF Topological Analysis SO INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES-COMPUTATIONAL LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Density Functional Theory; Spin-Flip TD-DFT; copper; oxygenase; tyrosinase; competitive inhibition AB Following our previous study (Piquemal et al., 2003), we present here a DFT study of the inhibition of the Tyrosinase enzyme. Broken-symmetry DFT computations are supplemented with Spin-Flip TD-DFT calculations, which, for the first time, are applied to such a dicopper enzyme. The chosen biomimetic model encompasses a dioxygen molecule, two Cu(II) cations, and six imidazole rings. The docking energy of a natural substrate, namely phenolate, together with those of several inhibitor and non-inhibitor compounds, are reported and show the ability of the model to rank the most potent inhibitors in agreement with experimental data. With respect to broken-symmetry calculations, the Spin-Flip TD-DFT approach reinforces the possibility for theory to point out potent inhibitors: the need for the deprotonation of the substrates, natural or inhibitors, is now clearly established. Moreover, Electron Localization Function (ELF) topological analysis computations are used to deeply track the particular electronic distribution of the Cu-O-Cu three-center bonds involved in the enzymatic Cu2O2 metallic core (Piquemal and Pilme, 2006). It is shown that such bonds exhibit very resilient out-of-plane density expansions that play a key role in docking interactions: their 3D-orientation could be the topological electronic signature of oxygen activation within such systems. C1 [de la Lande, A.; Parisel, O.; Piquemal, J-P] UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7616, Chim Theor Lab, F-75005 Paris, France. [de la Lande, A.; Parisel, O.; Piquemal, J-P] CNRS, Chim Theor Lab, UMR 7616, F-75005 Paris, France. [de la Lande, A.] Univ Calgary, Inst Biocomplex & Informat, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Maddaluno, J.] Univ Rouen, CNRS, UMR 6014, Inst Rech Chim Organ Fine, F-76821 Mont St Aignan, France. [Darden, T. A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Piquemal, JP (reprint author), UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7616, Chim Theor Lab, Case Courrier 137,4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. EM jpp@lct.jussieu.fr RI Piquemal, Jean-Philip/B-9901-2009; de la Lande, Aurelien/P-5656-2016 OI Piquemal, Jean-Philip/0000-0001-6615-9426; FU CRIHAN (Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France) [2008011]; Intramural Research program of the NIH; NIEHS (USA) FX The computations were performed at CRIHAN (Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France) on project 2008011, IDRIS (Orsay, France) and NIEHS (RTP, NC, USA). This research was supported by the Intramural Research program of the NIH and NIEHS (USA). The authors are deeply indebted to Dr Claude Giessner-Prettre who initiated the project. NR 52 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1913-2751 J9 INTERDISCIP SCI JI Interdiscip. Sci. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 2 IS 1 SI SI BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1007/s12539-010-0096-8 PG 9 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA V28VT UT WOS:000208709000002 PM 20396590 ER PT J AU Lytle, DA Sorg, TJ Muhlen, C Wang, LL AF Lytle, Darren A. Sorg, Thomas J. Muhlen, Christy Wang, Lili TI Particulate arsenic release in a drinking water distribution system SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ADSORPTION; FERRIHYDRITE; ACCUMULATION; SCALES AB A two-phase study investigated the source of high arsenic at consumers' taps in a small water system and the effectiveness of treatment to resolve the problem. The community used the common practice of chlorination and polyphosphate addition to control iron. A relatively low water velocity within the system may have allowed arsenic-bound iron particles to settle, only to be mobilized by the opening of a faucet and subsequent rapid change in water velocity. Replacing polyphosphate treatment with an oxidation/filtration unit and adsorption unit installed in series reduced arsenic concentrations to < 1 mu g/L. Arsenic (and potentially other contaminants) can accumulate in the distribution system, and their release back into the water may result in elevated levels at consumers' taps. The water industry should be aware that changes in such processes as treatment, operation, and system maintenance can affect the release of any contaminants present in the distribution system.-MPM C1 [Lytle, Darren A.; Sorg, Thomas J.; Muhlen, Christy] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Wang, Lili] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Lytle, DA (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lytle.darren@epa.gov NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 0003-150X J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 102 IS 3 BP 87 EP + PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 574RZ UT WOS:000276011900013 ER PT J AU Salo, PM Zeldin, DC AF Salo, Paeivi M. Zeldin, Darryl C. TI Cats and dogs: An attractive remedy versus atopy? Reply SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID ALLERGEN; HOMES C1 [Salo, Paeivi M.; Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Salo, PM (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM zeldin@niehs.nih.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 125 IS 3 BP 765 EP 766 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.11.012 PG 2 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 573BK UT WOS:000275883200046 PM 20138349 ER PT J AU Kamel, A Qian, YR Kolbe, E Stafford, C AF Kamel, Alaa Qian, Yaorong Kolbe, Elizabeth Stafford, Charles TI Development and Validation of a Multiresidue Method for the Determination of Neonicotinoid and Macrocyclic Lactone Pesticide Residues in Milk, Fruits, and Vegetables by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography/MS/MS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FOOD; METABOLITES; COMMODITIES; EXTRACTION; MATRICES; SPINOSAD AB A multiresidue method was developed and validated for the determination of 13 neonicotinoid pesticides and metabolites, and nine macrocyclic lactone pesticides and veterinary drugs using SPE and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/MS/MS. The method was validated in milk, orange, spinach, apple, plum, watermelon, green bean, zucchini, broccoli, strawberry, grape, and tomato by analyzing replicates of residue-free control samples fortified with a mixture of 22 target analytes at three concentration levels. The recoveries of the analytes from the fortified matrixes were mostly within 70-120%, except for some of the neonicotinoid metabolites. The LOD values varied by analyte and matrix and ranged between 0.001-2 ng/g. The developed method was successful in combining two widely different classes of compounds into a single analysis. C1 [Kamel, Alaa; Qian, Yaorong; Kolbe, Elizabeth; Stafford, Charles] US EPA, Analyt Chem Lab, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Off Pesticide Programs, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. RP Kamel, A (reprint author), US EPA, Analyt Chem Lab, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Off Pesticide Programs, 701 Mapes Rd, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. EM kamel.alaa@epa.gov NR 12 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 12 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 2010 VL 93 IS 2 BP 389 EP 399 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 589FR UT WOS:000277132800005 PM 20480883 ER PT J AU Randall, PM Chattopadhyay, S AF Randall, Paul M. Chattopadhyay, Sandip TI Bench-Scale Evaluation of Chemically Bonded Phosphate Ceramic Technology to Stabilize Mercury Waste Mixtures SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID STABILIZATION/SOLIDIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; FRAMEWORK; CARBON; CEMENT AB This bench-scale study was conducted to evaluate the stabilization of mercury (Hg) and mercuric chloride-containing surrogate test materials by the chemically bonded phosphate ceramics technology. This study was performed as part of a U.S. EPA program to evaluate treatment and disposal alternatives to the current land disposal restriction (LDR) treatment standards for mercury. The stabilized materials were subjected to a suite of leaching tests: one test characterized the solubility and release behavior of mercury as a function of pH between the pH values of 2 and 12; the second test used the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP); and the third leaching test used the TCLP "cage" modification. TCLP results showed that leachability of Hg decreased by approximately two orders of magnitude and a maximum of five orders of magnitude. The three leachability test methods produced similar amounts of leached mercury, but the test that studied mercury solubility as a function of pH released slightly higher levels (at pH 2) compared to the TCLP methods. On comparing the results obtained with the standard TCLP and the TCLP cage modification, we learned that the leachates from stabilized wastes containing 50 wt % loading of elemental Hg and HgCl(2) were within the LDR requirements. However, wastes containing higher loadings (i.e., 70 wt % loading of Hg and HgCl(2)) had leachate concentrations exceeding the 0.2 mg/L treatment standard and therefore would not meet the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act disposal requirements. C1 [Randall, Paul M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Chattopadhyay, Sandip] Tetra Tech EM Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. RP Randall, PM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM randall.paul@epa.gov; sandip.chattopadhyay@ttemi.com RI Randall, Paul/M-6232-2014 FU U.S. EPA FX This research was supported by the U.S. EPA through the Office of Research and Development in Cincinnati. The writers thank Dr. Arun Wagh and Dr. S. Jeong for their assistance in this research. This paper has not been subjected to the agency's review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAR PY 2010 VL 136 IS 3 BP 265 EP 273 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000144 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 555NB UT WOS:000274517500003 ER PT J AU Tsai, TT Kao, CM Surampalli, RY Weng, CH Liang, SH AF Tsai, T. T. Kao, C. M. Surampalli, Rao Y. Weng, C. H. Liang, S. H. TI Treatment of TCE-Contaminated Groundwater Using Fenton-Like Oxidation Activated with Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU OXIDATION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; CHEMICAL OXIDATION; RATE IMPROVEMENT; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; SYSTEM; SOILS; 4-CHLOROPHENOL; DEGRADATION AB The industrial solvent trichloroethylene (TCE) is among the ubiquitous chlorinated organic compounds found in groundwater contamination. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of applying basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag as the catalyst to enhance the Fenton-like oxidation to remediate TCE-contaminated groundwater. Results indicate that TCE oxidation via the Fenton-like process can be enhanced with the addition of BOF slag. Results from the X-ray powder diffraction analysis reveal that the major iron type of BOF slag/quartz sand media was iron oxyhydroxide (alpha-Fe(2)O(3)). Approximately 81% of TCE removal was observed (with initial TCE concentration of approximately 5 mg L(-1)), with the addition of 1,000 mg L(-1) of H(2)O(2) and 10 g L(-1) of BOF slag. Results also show that TCE concentrations dropped from 5 to 1.1 mg L(-1), and chloride concentrations increased from 0 to 2.7 mg L(-1) after 60 min of reaction with the presence of H(2)O(2) and BOF slag. This indicates that the depletion of TCE corresponded with the oxidation reactions and release of chloride ions very well in this study. Results demonstrate that the BOF slag can be used to supply catalysts continuously, and it can be installed in a permeable barrier system to enhance the Fenton-like process in situ. C1 [Tsai, T. T.; Kao, C. M.; Liang, S. H.] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Environm Engn, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. [Surampalli, Rao Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. [Weng, C. H.] I Shou Univ, Dept Civil & Ecol Engn, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. RP Kao, CM (reprint author), Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Environm Engn, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. EM jkao@mail.nsysu.edu.tw OI Weng, Chih-Huang/0000-0003-1938-8212 FU Environmental Protection Administration in Taiwan FX This study was funded by Environmental Protection Administration in Taiwan. Additional thanks to the personnel of China Steel. Co., Ltd., Taiwan and Professor Z. Y. Hseu of National Ping-Tung University of Science and Technology for their assistance throughout this project. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the writers and should not be construed as opinions of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 50 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 17 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAR PY 2010 VL 136 IS 3 BP 288 EP 294 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000137 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 555NB UT WOS:000274517500006 ER PT J AU Kukier, U Chaney, RL Ryan, JA Daniels, WL Dowdy, RH Granato, TC AF Kukier, Urszula Chaney, Rufus L. Ryan, James A. Daniels, W. Lee Dowdy, Robert H. Granato, Thomas C. TI Phytoavailability of Cadmium in Long-Term Biosolids-Amended Soils SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID ISOTOPIC DILUTION TECHNIQUES; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; ZINC AVAILABILITY; ORGANIC-CARBON; HEAVY-METALS; ACCUMULATION; CORN; PHOSPHORUS; BIOAVAILABILITY; PENNSYLVANIA AB Agronomic use of biosolids has raised concern that plant availability of biosolids-Cd will increase with time after cessation of biosolids application. It has been demonstrated that chemical extractability of Cd is persistently decreased in biosolids-amended soils. This study was conducted to determine if Cd phytoavailability in long-term biosolids-amended soils was also persistently decreased. Paired control and biosolids-amended soils were collected from three experimental sites where large cumulative rates of biosolids were applied about 20 yr ago. The pH of all soils [in 0.01 mol L(-1)Ca(NO(3))(2)] was adjusted to 6.5 +/- 0.2. Increasing rates of Cd-nitrate (from 0 to 10.0 mg Cd kg(-1) soil) enriched in (111)Cd stable isotope were added to all soils, and Romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia Lam.) was grown in pots to bioassay phytoavailable Cd. After harvest, Cd concentrations in shoots and labile pool of Cd (Cd(L)) in soils were determined. The relationship between added salt-Cd and Cd concentrations in lettuce shoots was linear for all soils tested. Ratios of (shoot Cd):(soil Cd) slopes were highest in the control soils. Biosolids amendment decreased (shoot Cd):(soil Cd) slopes to varied extent depending on biosolids source, properties, and application rate. The decrease in slope in comparison to the control was an indication of the lower phytoavailability of Cd in biosolids-amended soils. A significant negative correlation existed between Cd uptake slopes and soil organic matter, free and amorphous Fe and Al oxides, Bray-P and soil and plant Zoo. Biosolids-Cd was highly labile (%L 80-95) except for Fulton County soil (%L = 61). C1 [Chaney, Rufus L.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kukier, Urszula; Daniels, W. Lee] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Ryan, James A.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Dowdy, Robert H.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Granato, Thomas C.] Metropolitan Water Reclamat Dist Greater Chicago, Cicero, IL 60804 USA. RP Chaney, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, 10300 Baltimore Blvd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Rufus.Chaney@ars.usda.gov FU US-EPA; USDA-ARS FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. C. Veillon and Dr. K.Y. Patterson for their helpful advice and assistance with Cd isotope measurements. We also thank Dr. C. Green for maintaining analytical equipment used for metal analysis and J.E. Woolston for technical assistance. Appreciation is expressed to C. Carlson, J. DeWees, E. Boucek, and R. Swango for collecting Fulton County soils and M. Dolan for collecting the Minnesota soils. This project was supported by an Interagency Agreement between US-EPA and USDA-ARS. NR 68 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 41 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAR-APR PY 2010 VL 39 IS 2 BP 519 EP 530 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0671 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 566PA UT WOS:000275383600009 PM 20176825 ER PT J AU Thomas, KW Dosemeci, M Hoppin, JA Sheldon, LS Croghan, CW Gordon, SM Jones, ML Reynolds, SJ Raymer, JH Akland, GG Lynch, CF Knott, CE Sandler, DP Blair, AE Alavanja, MC AF Thomas, Kent W. Dosemeci, Mustafa Hoppin, Jane A. Sheldon, Linda S. Croghan, Carry W. Gordon, Sydney M. Jones, Martin L. Reynolds, Stephen J. Raymer, James H. Akland, Gerald G. Lynch, Charles F. Knott, Charles E. Sandler, Dale P. Blair, Aaron E. Alavanja, Michael C. TI Urinary biomarker, dermal, and air measurement results for 2,4-D and chlorpyrifos farm applicators in the Agricultural Health Study SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 2,4-D; chlorpyrifos; exposure measurement; farm applicator; occupational exposure; Agricultural Health Study ID 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID; PESTICIDE APPLICATORS; HUMAN VOLUNTEERS; CUSTOM APPLICATORS; DIMETHYLAMINE SALT; EXPOSURE; CANCER; WORKERS; ABSORPTION; FORESTRY AB A subset of private pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) epidemiological cohort was monitored around the time of their agricultural use of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and O,O-diethyl-O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate (chlorpyrifos) to assess exposure levels and potential determinants of exposure. Measurements included pre- and post-application urine samples, and patch, hand wipe, and personal air samples. Boom spray or hand spray application methods were used by applicators for 2,4-D products. Chlorpyrifos products were applied using spray applications and in-furrow application of granular products. Geometric mean (GM) values for 69 2,4-D applicators were 7.8 and 25 mg/l in pre- and post-application urine, respectively (P<0.05 for difference); 0.39mg for estimated hand loading; 2.9 mg for estimated body loading; and 0.37 mu g/m(3) for concentration in personal air. Significant correlations were found between all media for 2,4-D. GM values for 17 chlorpyrifos applicators were 11 mu g/l in both pre- and post-application urine for the 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol metabolite, 0.28 mg for body loading, and 0.49 mu g/m(3) for air concentration. Only 53% of the chlorpyrifos applicators had measurable hand loading results; their median hand loading being 0.02 mg. Factors associated with differences in 2,4-D measurements included application method and glove use, and, for hand spray applicators, use of adjuvants, equipment repair, duration of use, and contact with treated vegetation. Spray applications of liquid chlorpyrifos products were associated with higher measurements than in-furrow granular product applications. This study provides information on exposures and possible exposure determinants for several application methods commonly used by farmers in the cohort and will provide information to assess and refine exposure classification in the AHS. Results may also be of use in pesticide safety education for reducing exposures to pesticide applicators. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2010) 20, 119-134; doi: 10.1038/jes.2009.6; published online 25 February 2009 C1 [Thomas, Kent W.; Sheldon, Linda S.; Croghan, Carry W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dosemeci, Mustafa; Blair, Aaron E.; Alavanja, Michael C.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.; Sandler, Dale P.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Gordon, Sydney M.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Jones, Martin L.; Reynolds, Stephen J.] Univ Iowa, Dept Occupat & Environm Med, Iowa City, IA USA. [Raymer, James H.; Akland, Gerald G.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Lynch, Charles F.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Knott, Charles E.] Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Durham, NC USA. RP Thomas, KW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, MD-E205-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM thomas.kent@epa.gov OI Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [68-D99-011, 68-D99-012]; NIH, National Cancer Institute [DW-75-93912801-0, Z01-CP010119-12]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES049030-1] FX We thank the AHS cohort members participating in this study for their considerable time and effort. Several EPA researchers, including Ross Highsmith, William Steen, Miles Okino, and Ruth Allen, provided significant contributions to the study design. Paul Jones at EPA provided statistical support and Guadalupe Chapa assisted in data analysis. Joy Herrington, Nyla Logsden-Sackett, and Patti Gillette at the AHS Field Stations in IA and NC led participant screening activities. We thank Marcia Nishioka (Battelle Memorial Institute), Robin Helburn (RTI International) and David Camann and Jackie Clothier (Southwest Research Institute) for leading sample analyses and for hand wipe method development. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contracts 68-D99-011 to Battelle and 68-D99-012 to RTI International, and through Interagency Agreement DW-75-93912801-0 to the National Cancer Institute. It has been subjected to agency administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This study has been supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute (Z01-CP010119-12), and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES049030-1). NR 39 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 15 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD MAR-APR PY 2010 VL 20 IS 2 BP 119 EP 134 DI 10.1038/jes.2009.6 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 557DQ UT WOS:000274649700004 PM 19240759 ER PT J AU Sanchez, YA Deener, K Hubal, EC Knowlton, C Reif, D Segal, D AF Sanchez, Yolanda Anita Deener, Kacee Hubal, Elaine Cohen Knowlton, Carrie Reif, David Segal, Deborah TI Research needs for community-based risk assessment: findings from a multi-disciplinary workshop SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE population-based studies; epidemiology; exposure modeling; analytical methods; empirical/statistical modeling; PBPK modeling ID ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL-HEALTH SCIENCES; DEVELOPMENTAL LEAD-EXPOSURE; CUMULATIVE RISK; PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH; AIR-POLLUTION; STRESS; DISPARITIES; CHILDREN; VULNERABILITY AB Communities face exposures to multiple environmental toxicants and other non-chemical stressors. In addition, communities have unique activities and norms that influence exposure and vulnerability. Yet, few studies quantitatively consider the role of cumulative exposure and additive impacts. Community-based risk assessment (CBRA) is a new approach for risk assessment that aims to address the cumulative stressors faced by a particular community, while incorporating a community-based participatory research framework. This paper summarizes an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sponsored workshop, "Research Needs for Community-Based Risk Assessment." This workshop brought together environmental and public health scientists and practitioners for fostering an innovative discussion about tools, methods, models, and approaches for CBRA. This workshop was organized around three topics: (1) Data and Measurement Methods; (2) The Biological Impact of Non-Chemical Stressors and Interaction with Environmental Exposures; and (3) Statistical and Mathematical Modeling. This report summarizes the workshop discussions, presents identified research needs, and explores future research opportunities in this emerging field. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2010) 20, 186-195; doi: 10.1038/jes.2009.8; published online 25 February 2009 C1 [Segal, Deborah] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Sanchez, Yolanda Anita; Knowlton, Carrie] Assoc Sch Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Deener, Kacee] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Hubal, Elaine Cohen; Reif, David] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Segal, D (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Room 3108,1025 F St,NW, Washington, DC 20004 USA. EM Segal.deborah@epa.gov OI Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767 FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [X3-83085001]; Association of Schools of Public Health (ASPH) FX This publication was developed under Cooperative Agreement No. #X3-83085001 awarded by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to the Association of Schools of Public Health (ASPH). It has not been formally reviewed by the EPA. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Agency. The EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 15 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD MAR-APR PY 2010 VL 20 IS 2 BP 186 EP 195 DI 10.1038/jes.2009.8 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 557DQ UT WOS:000274649700010 PM 19240762 ER PT J AU Pfeiffer, EL Rossmann, R AF Pfeiffer, Erika L. Rossmann, Ronald TI Lead in Lake Michigan and Green Bay surficial sediments SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Lake Michigan; Green Bay; Sediment; Lead ID GASOLINE; CADMIUM; RECORDS; MERCURY; FLUXES; ZINC AB Sediment samples were collected in 1987-1990 from Green Bay and in 1994-1996 from Lake Michigan. Surficial sediments (0-1 cm) from both locations were analyzed for lead for the purpose of describing the horizontal variation of lead in 1994-1996 Lake Michigan and 1987-1990 Green Bay sediments, estimating lead fluxes to surficial sediments, and comparing results to earlier studies. With Lake Michigan concentrations ranging from below the method detection limit to 180 mu g/g, the surficial sediments had mean and median lead concentrations of 70 mu g/g and 64 mu g/g, respectively. Lead concentrations in Green Bay surficial sediments were similar to those in Lake Michigan and ranged between the method detection limit and 160 mu g/g. For the bay, mean and median concentrations were 58 and 59 mu g/g, respectively. Surficial lead concentrations were highest in the Southern, Waukegan, and Grand Haven basins of Lake Michigan and in the central region of Green Bay in the vicinity of Chambers Island. For Lake Michigan and Green Bay, dated sediment cores illustrate the decline in lead concentrations during the last 30 and 10 years, respectively. Lead fluxes ranged between <0.049 and 7.2 mu g/cm(2)/yr for Green Bay and between 0.47 and 20 mu g/cm(2)/yr for Lake Michigan. Lead fluxes to Lake Michigan were lower than those reported for 1972. These are the most comprehensive fluxes of lead to Lake Michigan and Green Bay surficial sediments reported to date. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rossmann, Ronald] US EPA, Large Lakes & Rivers Forecasting Res Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Midcontinent Ecol Div Duluth,Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. [Pfeiffer, Erika L.] Z Tech Corp, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. RP Rossmann, R (reprint author), US EPA, Large Lakes & Rivers Forecasting Res Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Midcontinent Ecol Div Duluth,Large Lakes Res Stn, 9311 Groh Rd, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. EM pfeiffer.erika@epa.gov; rossmann.ronald@epa.gov NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 36 IS 1 BP 20 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2009.11.006 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 573BE UT WOS:000275882600003 ER PT J AU Sharlin, DS Gilbert, ME Taylor, MA Ferguson, DC Zoeller, RT AF Sharlin, D. S. Gilbert, M. E. Taylor, M. A. Ferguson, D. C. Zoeller, R. T. TI The Nature of the Compensatory Response to Low Thyroid Hormone in the Developing Brain SO JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thyroid hormone; brain development; deiodinase; MCT8; compensation ID DEVELOPING RAT-BRAIN; HERNDON-DUDLEY-SYNDROME; PSYCHOMOTOR RETARDATION; IODINE DEFICIENCY; NEONATAL-RAT; MONOCARBOXYLATE TRANSPORTER-8; CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; WHITE-MATTER; EXPRESSION AB Thyroid hormone is essential for normal brain development, although the degree to which the developing brain is sensitive to small perturbations in serum thyroxin is not clear. An important concept related to this is that the developing brain possesses potent mechanisms to compensate for low serum thyroid hormone, and this concept is routinely employed in discussions concerning clinical treatments or public health. However, experimental studies have not directly tested whether (or the degree to which) putative compensatory mechanisms can ameliorate the consequences of small reductions in serum thyroxin (T(4)). To formally test this concept, we employed a model of graded T(4) reductions using doses of propylthiouracil (PTU) that were 200- to 67-fold lower than the dose traditionally used to produce hypothyroidism in rats. PTU produced a stepwise decrease in serum total T(4), and a stepwise increase in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), in type 2 deiodinase mRNA expression and enzyme activity in the brain, and in the expression of the mRNA encoding the tri-iodothyronine (T(3)) transporter MCT8 in the postnatal day (P) 15 cortex. However, the mRNA encoding RC3/neurogranin, a direct target of T(3) action, exhibited a strong negative linear correlation with serum total T(4) despite these adaptive responses. In addition, single-cell analysis of RC3 mRNA levels in cortical neurones demonstrated that the co-expression of MCT8 did not alter the relationship between RC3 mRNA and serum T(4). These findings do not support the currently envisioned concept of the developing brain being capable of compensating for low T(4). C1 [Zoeller, R. T.] Univ Massachusetts, Program Mol & Cellular Biol, Dept Biol, Morrill Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Gilbert, M. E.] US EPA, NHEERL, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Taylor, M. A.; Ferguson, D. C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Zoeller, RT (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Program Mol & Cellular Biol, Dept Biol, Morrill Sci Ctr, 611 N Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM tzoeller@bio.umass.edu FU US EPA [RD-3213701-0, R832134, FP916424]; NIEHS [ES/HD10026] FX This work was supported in part by US EPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Grants RD-3213701-0 (R.T.Z.) and R832134 (D.C.F.), by Grant ES/HD10026 from the NIEHS (R.T.Z.), and a US EPA STAR predoctoral fellowship FP916424 (D.S.S.). This document has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 52 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0953-8194 J9 J NEUROENDOCRINOL JI J. Neuroendocrinol. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 22 IS 3 BP 153 EP 165 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2009.01947.x PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 555DH UT WOS:000274487100001 PM 20041985 ER PT J AU Ortiz, PA Bruno, ME Moore, T Nesnow, S Winnilk, W Ge, Y AF Ortiz, Pedro A. Bruno, Maribel E. Moore, Tanya Nesnow, Stephen Winnilk, Witold Ge, Yue TI Proteomic Analysis of Propiconazole Responses in Mouse Liver: Comparison of Genomic and Proteomic Profiles SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE proteomic; propiconazole; protein expression; mouse; networks; pathways ID GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASES; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; TRIAZOLE CONAZOLE FUNGICIDES; DRUG-METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; GENE-EXPRESSION; P38 MAPK AB We have performed for the first time a comprehensive profiling of changes in protein expression of soluble proteins in livers from mice treated with the mouse liver tumorigen, propiconazole, to uncover the pathways and networks altered by this fungicide. Utilizing two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry (MS), we identified 62 proteins that were altered. Several of these protein changes detected by 2-DE/MS were verified by Western blot analyses. These differentially expressed proteins were mapped using Ingenuity Pathway Analyses (IPA) canonical pathways and IPA tox lists. Forty-four pathways/lists were identified. IPA was also used to create networks of interacting protein clusters. The protein-generated IPA canonical pathways and IPA tox lists were compared to those pathways and lists previously generated from genomic analyses from livers of mice treated with propiconazole under the same experimental conditions. There was a significant overlap in the specific pathways and lists generated from the proteomic and the genomic data with 27 pathways common to both proteomic and genomic analyses. However, there were also 17 pathways/lists identified only by proteomics analysis and 21 pathways/lists only identified by genomic analysis. The protein network analysis produced interacting subnetworks centered around hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4 alpha), MYC, proteasome subunit type 4 alpha, and glutathione S-transferase (GST). The HNF4 alpha network hub was also identified by genomic analysis. Five GST isoforms were identified by proteomic analysis and GSTs were present in 10 of the 44 protein-based pathways/lists. Hepatic GST activities were compared between mice treated with propiconazole and 2 additional conazoles and higher GST activities were found to be associated with the tumorigenic conazoles. Overall, this comparative proteomic and genomic study has revealed a series of alterations in livers induced by propiconazole: nuclear receptor activation, metabolism of xenobiotics, metabolism of biochemical intermediates, biosynthesis of biochemical intermediates, and oxidative stress in mouse liver. The present study provides novel insights into toxic mechanisms and/or modes of action of propiconazole which are required for human health risk assessment of this environmental chemical. C1 [Ge, Yue] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Ge, Y (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, B 143-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Ge.yue@epa.gov RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors Would like to thank Barbara Collins, Drs. James Allen, Jeffrey Ross. Doug Wolf', and Ram Ramabhadran for their very helpful comments Oil this manuscript, and Dr. Lyle Burgoon and Dr. Susan Hester for performing the false discovery rate calculations. The information in this documentt has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 61 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 9 IS 3 BP 1268 EP 1278 DI 10.1021/pr900755q PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 562XC UT WOS:000275088100010 PM 20095644 ER PT J AU Kominsky, JR Thornburg, JW Shaul, GM Barrett, WM Hall, FD Konz, JJ AF Kominsky, John R. Thornburg, Jonathan W. Shaul, Glenn M. Barrett, William M. Hall, Fred D. Konz, James J. TI Development of the Releasable Asbestos Field Sampler SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID COUNTING EFFICIENCY AB The releasable asbestos field sampler (RAFS) was developed as an alternative to activity-based sampling (ABS; personal breathing zone sampling during a simulated activity). The RAFS utilizes a raking motion to provide the energy that releases particulate material from the soil and aerosolizes the asbestos fibers. A gentle airflow laterally transports the generated aerosol inside of a tunnel to one end where filter sampling cassettes or real-time instruments are used to measure asbestos and particulate release. The RAFS was tested in a series of laboratory experiments to validate its performance and then was deployed for field trials in asbestos-contaminated soil at multiple geographical locations. Laboratory data showed the RAFS generated repeatable and representative aerosol particulate concentrations. Field tests showed the RAFS aerosolized asbestos concentrations were statistically correlated with total particle concentrations. Field tests also showed the RAFS aerosolized asbestos concentrations were statistically correlated with asbestos concentrations measured by multiple ABS tests with different activities, different soil/environmental conditions, and at different geographical locations. RAFS provides a direct measurement of asbestos emission from soil in situ without consideration of meteorology and personal activity, on the asbestos transport to the breathing zone. C1 [Kominsky, John R.; Hall, Fred D.] Environm Qual Management Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45240 USA. [Thornburg, Jonathan W.] Res Triangle Inst Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Shaul, Glenn M.; Barrett, William M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Konz, James J.] US EPA, Off Superfund Remediat & Technol Innovat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Kominsky, JR (reprint author), Environm Qual Management Inc, 1800 Carillon Blvd, Cincinnati, OH 45240 USA. EM jkominsky@eqm.com FU EPA [68-C-00-186] FX EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here under contract no. 68-C-00-186, task order no. 0016, to Environmental Quality Management, Inc. This paper has not been subject to EPA review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 60 IS 3 BP 294 EP 301 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.60.3.294 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 567IE UT WOS:000275439300004 PM 20397559 ER PT J AU Hagler, GSW Thoma, ED Baldauf, RW AF Hagler, Gayle S. W. Thoma, Eben D. Baldauf, Richard W. TI High-Resolution Mobile Monitoring of Carbon Monoxide and Ultrafine Particle Concentrations in a Near-Road Environment SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID MAJOR HIGHWAY; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; POLLUTANTS; EMISSIONS; DOWNWIND; NUMBER AB Assessment of near-road air quality is challenging in urban environments that have roadside structures, elevated road sections, or depressed roads that may impact the dispersion of traffic emissions. Vehicles traveling on arterial roadways may also contribute to air pollution spatial variability in urban areas. To characterize the nature of near-road air quality in a complex urban environment, an instrumented all-electric vehicle was deployed to perform high spatial- and temporal-resolution mapping of ultrafine particles (UFPs, particle diameter <100 nm) and carbon monoxide (CO). Sampling was conducted in. areas surrounding a highway in Durham, NC, with multiple repeats of the driving route accomplished within a morning or evening commute time frame. Six different near-road transects were driven, which included features such as noise barriers, vegetation, frontage roads, and densely built houses. Under downwind conditions, median UFP and CO levels in near-road areas located 20-150 m from the highway were a factor of 1.8 and 1.2 higher, respectively, than in areas characterized as urban background. Sampling in multiple near-road neighborhoods during downwind conditions revealed significant variability in absolute UFP and CO concentrations as well as in the rate of concentration attenuation with increasing distance from the highway. During low-speed meandering winds, regional UFP and CO concentrations nearly doubled relative to crosswind conditions; however, near-road UFP levels were still higher than urban background levels by a factor of 1.2, whereas near-road CO concentrations were not significantly different than the urban background. C1 [Hagler, Gayle S. W.; Thoma, Eben D.; Baldauf, Richard W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Baldauf, Richard W.] EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Natl Vehicle & Fuel Emiss Lab, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Hagler, GSW (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr,E343-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hagler.gayle@epa.gov NR 17 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 8 U2 32 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 60 IS 3 BP 328 EP 336 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.60.3.328 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 567IE UT WOS:000275439300007 PM 20397562 ER PT J AU Hansen, JC Woolwine, WR Bates, BL Clark, JM Kuprov, RY Mukherjee, P Murray, JA Simmons, MA Waite, MF Eatough, NL Eatough, DJ Long, R Grover, BD AF Hansen, Jaron C. Woolwine, Woods R., III Bates, Brittney L. Clark, Jared M. Kuprov, Roman Y. Mukherjee, Puspak Murray, Jacolin A. Simmons, Michael A. Waite, Mark F. Eatough, Norman L. Eatough, Delbert J. Long, Russell Grover, Brett D. TI Semicontinuous PM2.5 and PM10 Mass and Composition Measurements in Lindon, Utah, during Winter 2007 SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; ONE-HOUR; NONVOLATILE; COMPONENTS; RIVERSIDE; AEROSOLS; URBAN; FDMS AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is promoting the development and application of sampling methods for the semicontinuous determination of fine particulate matter (PM2.5, particles with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 mu m) mass and chemical composition. Data obtained with these methods will significantly improve the understanding of the primary sources, chemical conversion processes, and meteorological atmospheric processes that lead to observed PM2.5 concentrations and will aid in the understanding of the etiology of PM2.5-related health effects. During January and February 2007, several semicontinuous particulate matter (PM) monitoring systems were compared at the Utah State Lindon Air Quality Sampling site. Semicontinuous monitors included instruments to measure total PM2.5 mass (filter dynamic measurement system [FDMS] tapered element oscillating microbalance [TEOM], GRIMM), nonvolatile PM2.5 mass (TEOM), sulfate and nitrate (two PM2.5 and one PM10 [PM with an aerodynamic diameter <10 mu m] ion-chromatographic-based samplers), and black carbon (aethalometer). PM10 semicontinuous mass measurements were made with GRIMM and TEOM instruments. These measurements were all made on a 1-hr average basis. Source apportionment analysis indicated that sources impacting the site were mainly urban sources and included mobile sources (gasoline and diesel) and residential burning of wood, with some elevated concentrations because of the effect of winter inversions. The FDMS TEOM and GRIMM instruments were in good agreement, but TEOM monitor measurements were low because of the presence of significant semi-volatile material. Semi-volatile mass was present dominantly in the PM2.5 mass. C1 [Hansen, Jaron C.; Woolwine, Woods R., III; Bates, Brittney L.; Clark, Jared M.; Kuprov, Roman Y.; Mukherjee, Puspak; Murray, Jacolin A.; Simmons, Michael A.; Waite, Mark F.; Eatough, Norman L.; Eatough, Delbert J.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Long, Russell; Grover, Brett D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Eatough, DJ (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, E114 Benson Bldg, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM delbert_eatough@byu.edu FU EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory in Research Triangle Park, NC FX This research was conducted as a sampling project for a BYU Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry graduate atmospheric chemistry class. The support of the EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory in Research Triangle Park, NC was appreciated. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 60 IS 3 BP 346 EP 355 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.60.3.346 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 567IE UT WOS:000275439300009 PM 20397564 ER PT J AU Whiteside, TE Thigpen, JE Kissling, GE Grant, MG Forsythe, DB AF Whiteside, Tanya E. Thigpen, Julius E. Kissling, Grace E. Grant, Mary G. Forsythe, Diane B. TI Endotoxin, Coliform, and Dust Levels in Various Types of Rodent Bedding SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GRAIN DUST; INFLAMMATION; EXPOSURE; ASTHMA; ASSAY; LAL AB Endotoxins in grain dust, household dust, and animal bedding may induce respiratory symptoms in rodents and humans. We assayed the endotoxin, coliform, and dust levels in 20 types of rodent bedding. Endotoxin concentrations were measured by using a commercial test kit, coliform counts were determined by using conventional microbiologic procedures, and dust content was evaluated by using a rotating-tapping shaker. Paper bedding types contained significantly less endotoxin than did other bedding types; the highest levels of endotoxin were detected in hardwood and corncob beddings. The range of endotoxin content for each bedding type was: corncob bedding, 1913 to 4504 endotoxin units per gram (EU/g); hardwood bedding, 3121 to 5401 EU/g; corncob-paper mixed bedding, 1586 to 2416 EU/g; and paper bedding, less than 5 to 105 EU/g. Coliform counts varied from less than 10 to 7591 cfu/g in corncob beddings, 90 to 4010 cfu/g in corncob-paper mixed beddings, less than 10 to 137 cfu/g in hardwood beddings, and less than 10 cfu/g in paper beddings. Average dust content was less than 0.15% in all commercial bedding types. We conclude that paper bedding is the optimal bedding type for conducting LPS inhalation studies and that rodent bedding containing high levels of endotoxin may alter the results of respiratory and immunologic studies in rodents. C1 [Whiteside, Tanya E.; Thigpen, Julius E.; Grant, Mary G.; Forsythe, Diane B.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Comparat Med Branch, NIH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kissling, Grace E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, NIH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Whiteside, TE (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Comparat Med Branch, NIH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM whitesi1@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH FX The authors thank Drs John Hollingsworth, Michael Fessler and Donald Cook for their assistance in reviewing and editing the manuscript and Gordon Caviness, Jacqueline Locklear, Patricia Deese, and Margaret Fender for their technical support. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 49 IS 2 BP 184 EP 189 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 573AZ UT WOS:000275882100010 PM 20353693 ER PT J AU Bushon, R Kephart, CM Koltun, GF Francy, D Schaefer, FW Lindquist, HDA AF Bushon, R. N. Kephart, C. M. Koltun, G. F. Francy, D. S. Schaefer, F. W., III Lindquist, H. D. Alan TI Statistical assessment of DNA extraction reagent lot variability in real-time quantitative PCR SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE analytical; rapid methods; Bacillus; polymerase chain reaction; rapid methods; water ID ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; WATER SAMPLES; QUANTIFICATION AB Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the variability in lots of a DNA extraction kit using real-time PCR assays for Bacillus anthracis, Francisella tularensis and Vibrio cholerae. Methods and Results: Replicate aliquots of three bacteria were processed in duplicate with three different lots of a commercial DNA extraction kit. This experiment was repeated in triplicate. Results showed that cycle threshold values were statistically different among the different lots. Conclusions: Differences in DNA extraction reagent lots were found to be a significant source of variability for qPCR results. Steps should be taken to ensure the quality and consistency of reagents. Minimally, we propose that standard curves should be constructed for each new lot of extraction reagents, so that lot-to-lot variation is accounted for in data interpretation. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study highlights the importance of evaluating variability in DNA extraction procedures, especially when different reagent lots are used. Consideration of this variability in data interpretation should be an integral part of studies investigating environmental samples with unknown concentrations of organisms. C1 [Bushon, R. N.; Kephart, C. M.; Koltun, G. F.; Francy, D. S.] US Geol Survey, Ohio Water Sci Ctr, Ohio Water Microbiol Lab, Columbus, OH 43229 USA. [Schaefer, F. W., III; Lindquist, H. D. Alan] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Bushon, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ohio Water Sci Ctr, Ohio Water Microbiol Lab, 6480 Doubletree Ave, Columbus, OH 43229 USA. EM rnbushon@usgs.gov NR 18 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 50 IS 3 BP 276 EP 282 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2009.02788.x PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 553TJ UT WOS:000274389400007 PM 20070509 ER PT J AU Tluczkiewicz, I Mangelsdorf, I Buist, H Martin, M Escher, S AF Tluczkiewicz, I. Mangelsdorf, I. Buist, H. Martin, M. Escher, S. TI Use of combined databases RepDose (FhG), Toxbase (TNO), MunroDB and ToxRefDB (USEPA) to refine TTCs for oral exposure SO NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 51st Annual Meeting of the Deutsche-Gesellschaft-fur-Experimentelle-und-Klinische-Pharmakologie-und -Toxikologie CY MAR 23-25, 2010 CL Mainz, GERMANY SP Deutsch Gesell Expt & Klin Pharmakol & Toxikol C1 [Tluczkiewicz, I.; Mangelsdorf, I.; Escher, S.] ITEM, Dept Chem Risk Assessment, Hannover, Germany. [Buist, H.] TNO Qual Life, Dept Food & Chem Risk Anal, Zeist, Netherlands. [Martin, M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0028-1298 J9 N-S ARCH PHARMACOL JI Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 381 SU 1 BP 85 EP 86 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 590XA UT WOS:000277260500419 ER PT J AU Das, M Reichman, JR Haberer, G Welzl, G Aceituno, FF Mader, MT Watrud, LS Pfleeger, TG Gutierrez, RA Schaffner, AR Olszyk, DM AF Das, Malay Reichman, Jay R. Haberer, Georg Welzl, Gerhard Aceituno, Felipe F. Mader, Michael T. Watrud, Lidia S. Pfleeger, Thomas G. Gutierrez, Rodrigo A. Schaeffner, Anton R. Olszyk, David M. TI A composite transcriptional signature differentiates responses towards closely related herbicides in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Differentiation of herbicides; Gene expression signature; Transfer from model to crop plant; Acetolactate synthase; 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase ID GROWTH REGULATOR HERBICIDES; MICROARRAY DATA-ANALYSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION DATA; PLANTS; INDOLE-3-ACETALDOXIME; METABOLISM; CONVERSION; CATALYZES; OLERACEA; DATABASE AB In this study, genome-wide expression profiling based on Affymetrix ATH1 arrays was used to identify discriminating responses of Arabidopsis thaliana to five herbicides, which contain active ingredients targeting two different branches of amino acid biosynthesis. One herbicide contained glyphosate, which targets 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), while the other four herbicides contain different acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting compounds. In contrast to the herbicide containing glyphosate, which affected only a few transcripts, many effects of the ALS inhibiting herbicides were revealed based on transcriptional changes related to ribosome biogenesis and translation, secondary metabolism, cell wall modification and growth. The expression pattern of a set of 101 genes provided a specific, composite signature that was distinct from other major stress responses and differentiated among herbicides targeting the same enzyme (ALS) or containing the same chemical class of active ingredient (sulfonylurea). A set of homologous genes could be identified in Brassica napus that exhibited a similar expression pattern and correctly distinguished exposure to the five herbicides. Our results show the ability of a limited number of genes to classify and differentiate responses to closely related herbicides in A. thaliana and B. napus and the transferability of a complex transcriptional signature across species. C1 [Schaeffner, Anton R.] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Biochem Plant Pathol, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Das, Malay; Reichman, Jay R.; Watrud, Lidia S.; Pfleeger, Thomas G.; Olszyk, David M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Haberer, Georg] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Bioinformat & Syst Biol, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Welzl, Gerhard] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Dev Genet, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Aceituno, Felipe F.; Gutierrez, Rodrigo A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Ciencias Biol, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Santiago, Chile. [Mader, Michael T.] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Stem Cell Res, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. RP Schaffner, AR (reprint author), German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Biochem Plant Pathol, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. EM schaeffner@helmholtz-muenchen.de RI Gutierrez, Rodrigo/C-2611-2008 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [68-D-01-005]; FONDECYT [1060457]; NSF [DBI 0445666] FX This research was performed while MD held a National Research Council Associate Award at US Environmental Protection Agency's National Health and Environmental Effect Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon. This study was funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under contract number 68-D-01-005 to Dynamac Inc and also by FONDECYT 1060457 and NSF DBI 0445666 to R. A. G. It has been subject to the agency's peer plus administrative review and has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We sincerely thank Anne-Marie Girard, Caprice Rosato CGRB, OSU for providing technical support with the microarray experiments, Martin Irmler, Helmholtz Zentrum for help with microarray data evaluation, Dieter Ernst, Helmholtz Zentrum for his comments on the MS, E Henry Lee, EPA for statistical advises, John Fowler, OSU, Olivier Da Ines, Helmholtz Zentrum and Jim Westwood, Virginia Tech for fruitful discussions and Henry Miller, SEE employee, EPA for harvesting plants. NR 38 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 72 IS 4-5 BP 545 EP 556 DI 10.1007/s11103-009-9590-y PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 552OW UT WOS:000274303700015 PM 20043233 ER PT J AU Gutierrez, JR Meserve, PL Kelt, DA Engilis, A Previtali, MA Milstead, WB Jaksic, FM AF Gutierrez, Julio R. Meserve, Peter L. Kelt, Douglas A. Engilis, Andrew, Jr. Previtali, M. Andrea Milstead, W. Bryan Jaksic, Fabian M. TI Long-term research in Bosque Fray Jorge National Park: Twenty years studying the role of biotic and abiotic factors in a Chilean semiarid scrubland SO REVISTA CHILENA DE HISTORIA NATURAL LA English DT Article DE birds; Chilean desert; ephemeral plants; LTER; small mammals ID NORTH-CENTRAL CHILE; NINO-SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; DELAYED DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; HARVESTER ANT ASSEMBLAGES; SMALL MAMMAL ASSEMBLAGE; ECOLOGICAL TIME-SERIES; RODENT OCTODON-DEGUS; CENTRAL MONTE DESERT; FOOD-WEB STRUCTURE AB Since 1989, we have conducted a large-scale ecological experiment in semiarid thorn scrub of a national park in north-central Chile. Initially, we focused on the role of biotic interactions including predation, interspecific competition, and herbivory in small mammal and plant components of the community. We utilized a reductionist approach with replicated 0.56 ha fenced grids that selectively excluded vertebrate predators and/or larger small mammal herbivores such as the degu, Octodon degas. Although we detected small transitory effects of predator exclusions on degu survival and numbers, other species failed to show responses. Similarly, interspecific competition (i.e., degus with other small mammals) had no detectable numerical effects (although some behavioral responses occurred), and degu-exclusions had relatively small effects on various plant components. Modeling approaches indicate that abiotic factors play a determining role in the dynamics of principal small mammal species such as O. degas and the leaf-eared mouse (Phyllotis darwini). In turn, these are mainly related to aperiodic pulses of higher rainfall (usually during El Nino events) which trigger ephemeral plant growth; a food addition experiment. in 1997-2000 verified the importance of precipitation as a determinant of food availability. Since 2004, we have expanded long-term monitoring efforts to other important community components including birds and insects in order to understand effects of abiotic factors on them; we report some of the first results of comprehensive surveys on the former in this region. Finally, we recently shifted focus to documenting effects of exotic lagomorphs in the park. We installed additional treatments selectively excluding small mammals, lagomorphs, or both, from replicated grids in order to evaluate putative herbivore impacts. In conjunction with increased annual rainfall since 2000, we predict that introduced lagomorphs will have increasing impacts in this region, and that more frequent El Ninos in conjunction with global climatic change may lead to marked changes in community dynamics. The importance of long-term experimental studies is underscored by the fact that only now after 20 years of work are some patterns becoming evident. C1 [Gutierrez, Julio R.] Univ La Serena, Dept Biol, La Serena, Chile. [Gutierrez, Julio R.] Univ La Serena, Ctr Estudios Avanzados Zonas Aridas, La Serena, Chile. [Meserve, Peter L.; Previtali, M. Andrea; Milstead, W. Bryan] No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Kelt, Douglas A.; Engilis, Andrew, Jr.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Milstead, W. Bryan] US EPA, Narragansett, RI USA. [Jaksic, Fabian M.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr Adv Studies Ecol & Biodivers, Dept Ecol, Santiago, Chile. RP Gutierrez, JR (reprint author), Univ La Serena, Dept Biol, La Serena, Chile. EM jgutierr@userena.cl RI jaksic, Fabian/G-1705-2014 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-03-19966]; FONDECYT [1070808] FX We are grateful to many, many collaborators, technicians, consultants, and independent researchers too numerous to mention who have worked on this research or contributed to its success. We particularly acknowledge the personnel and administration of the Corporacion Nacional Forestal (CONAF) for their permission to use Bosque Fray Jorge National Park as the site of a large experimental array. Financial support has been provided by many grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation and FONDECYT Chile including most recently, NSF-LTREB DEB-03-19966 to P.L.M. and D.A.K., and FONDECYT No. 1070808 to J.R.G. Bird research has been funded through grants and support from the UC Davis Selma Herr Fund for Ornithology and the UC Davis Museum of Wildlife and Fish Biology. The Universidad de La Serena and Northern Illinois University have provided valuable logistical and financial support as well as use of their facilities throughout the duration of the research. Since 2008, financial support from Instituto de Ecologia y Biodiversidad (IEB) and Basal Fund PB-23 has allowed us to continue with field data collection. NR 278 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 31 PU SOC BIOLGIA CHILE PI SANTIAGO PA CASILLA 16164, SANTIAGO 9, CHILE SN 0716-078X J9 REV CHIL HIST NAT JI Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 83 IS 1 BP 69 EP 98 PG 30 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 609XO UT WOS:000278692100005 ER PT J AU Angradi, TR Taylor, DL Jicha, TM Bolgrien, DW Pearson, MS Hill, BH AF Angradi, Ted R. Taylor, Debra L. Jicha, Terri M. Bolgrien, David W. Pearson, Mark S. Hill, Brian H. TI LITTORAL AND SHORELINE WOOD IN MID-CONTINENT GREAT RIVERS (USA) SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE great river; Missouri River; Mississippi River; Ohio River; wood; snags; riparian; land use ID UPPER MISSOURI RIVER; LAND-USE; STREAMS; DEBRIS; DYNAMICS; HABITAT; REACH; FISH AB Woody debris has several important roles in running water. Less is known about the ecology of wood in great rivers than in smaller rivers and streams. We used a probability survey to estimate the abundance of littoral and shoreline wood along the following mid-continent great rivers of the United States in summer 2004-2006: the Missouri River, Upper Mississippi River, and the Ohio River. We counted wood pieces >0.3 m in diameter from a zone between the bank full level out into the river 10 m. We categorized wood according to its origin and function as "beached'' (transported from upriver but not providing aquatic habitat), "wet'' (origin unknown and providing aquatic habitat; includes snags), or "anchored'' (attached to the bank at its current location and providing aquatic habitat). We counted 5900 pieces of wood at 447 sites across rivers. Approximately 56 percent of pieces were beached, 30 percent were wet, and 14 percent were anchored. Overall, mean abundance of wood was 2.6 pieces of wood 100 m(-1) of shoreline (approximately 3.0 m(3) 100 m(-1)). Abundance of wood (pieces per unit distance of river) was much lower than has been reported for many smaller streams and rivers. There was more wood along the Upper Mississippi River (3.3 pieces 100 m(-1)) than elsewhere (<= 2.4 pieces 100 m(-1)). The mean abundance of wood on the Ohio River decreased significantly between the 2004 and 2005 survey periods due to high flows. Longitudinal patterns in wood abundance were weak. There was less anchored and wet wood along shorelines protected by revetment (e. g., rip rap). There was generally more wood along shorelines where the riparian land use was characterized as forest rather than agriculture or developed. Mean abundance of wood along forested, un-revetted shorelines was approximately four pieces 100 m(-1) of shoreline (80 pieces km(-1) of river). This estimate of mean wood abundance for what amounts to least disturbed riparian and shoreline conditions is relevant for great river bioassessment and management. Published in 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Angradi, Ted R.; Taylor, Debra L.; Jicha, Terri M.; Bolgrien, David W.; Pearson, Mark S.; Hill, Brian H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Angradi, TR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM Angradi.theodore@epa.gov RI Hill, Brian/E-6799-2013 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency FX We are indebted to the United States Geological Survey, state, and contract personnel who collected the data in the field. Curt Seeliger assisted with data analysis. Comments by Phil Kaufmann, Mike Delong, and Mary Ann Starus improved the manuscript. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that its contents neither does reflect the views of the agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1535-1459 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 26 IS 3 BP 261 EP 278 DI 10.1002/rra.1257 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 561SK UT WOS:000274999000003 ER PT J AU Moser, VC McDaniel, KL Phillips, PM Lowit, AB AF Moser, Virginia C. McDaniel, Katherine L. Phillips, Pamela M. Lowit, Anna B. TI Time-Course, Dose-Response, and Age Comparative Sensitivity of N-Methyl Carbamates in Rats SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE neurotoxicity; N-methyl carbamates; acetylcholinesterase; motor activity; age sensitivity ID NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION; ADULT-RATS; ANTICHOLINESTERASE INSECTICIDES; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES; EXPOSURE PATHWAYS; ORAL CHLORPYRIFOS; TREATED ANIMALS; ACUTE TOXICITY; CARBARYL AB N-Methyl carbamate insecticides are reversible inhibitors of central and peripheral acetylcholinesterase (ChE). Despite their widespread use, there are few studies of neurotoxicity in young animals. To study potential age-related differences, we evaluated seven carbamates (carbaryl, carbofuran, formetanate, methiocarb, methomyl, oxamyl, and propoxur) in preweanling (17 days old or postnatal day [PND] 17) male rats. Motor activity was monitored, and ChE inhibition was measured in brain and red blood cells (RBCs) using a radiometric assay that minimized reactivation of ChE. First, we conducted time-course studies in PND17 Long-Evans male rats, using a single oral dose of each carbamate. Almost all carbamates showed maximal ChE inhibition at a 45-min time point; only methomyl showed an earlier peak effect (15 min). At 24 h, most inhibition had recovered. Next, dose-response data were collected for each carbamate, using four doses and control, with motor activity testing beginning 15 min after dosing and tissue collection at 40-45 min. RBC ChE was generally inhibited to a greater degree than brain. Motor activity was not as sensitive a measure for some of the carbamates, with some differences across carbamates in the shapes of the dose-response curves. Additional studies documented age-related differences by comparing ChE inhibition in PND11, PND17, and adult rats following administration of carbaryl or carbofuran. Only the youngest (PND11) rats were more sensitive than adults to carbaryl, but both younger ages showed more effects than adults with carbofuran. Comparisons of the other carbamates to previous studies in adult rats suggest similar age-related sensitivity. Thus, these data show the time-course and dose-response characteristics for each carbamate and document greater sensitivity of the young for carbofuran and carbaryl. C1 [Moser, Virginia C.; McDaniel, Katherine L.; Phillips, Pamela M.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lowit, Anna B.] US EPA, Div Hlth Effects, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Moser, VC (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div MD B105 04, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM moser.ginger@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 44 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 19 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 114 IS 1 BP 113 EP 123 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfp286 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 555HN UT WOS:000274499800012 PM 19934164 ER PT J AU Ryan, BC Hotchkiss, AK Crofton, KM Gray, LE AF Ryan, Bryce C. Hotchkiss, Andrew K. Crofton, Kevin M. Gray, L. Earl, Jr. TI In Utero and Lactational Exposure to Bisphenol A, In Contrast to Ethinyl Estradiol, Does Not Alter Sexually Dimorphic Behavior, Puberty, Fertility, and Anatomy of Female LE Rats SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE ethinyl estradiol; bisphenol A; rat; reproductive toxicology; sexually dimorphic behavior ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS; REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT; UTEROTROPHIC BIOASSAY; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; SEX-DIFFERENTIATION; ESTROGEN-RECEPTORS; PERINATAL EXPOSURE; NEONATAL TREATMENT; TOXIC-SUBSTANCES AB Many chemicals released into the environment display estrogenic activity including the oral contraceptive ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and the plastic monomer bisphenol A (BPA). EE2 is present in some aquatic systems at concentrations sufficient to alter reproductive function of fishes. Many concerns have been raised about the potential effects of BPA. The National Toxicology Program rated the potential effects of low doses of BPA on behavior and central nervous system (CNS) as an area of "some concern," whereas most effects were rated as of "negligible" or "minimal" concern. However, the number of robust studies in this area was limited. The current study was designed to determine if maternal exposure to relatively low oral doses of EE2 or BPA in utero and during lactation would alter the expression of well-characterized sexually dimorphic behaviors or alter the age of puberty or reproductive function in the female Long-Evans rat offspring. Pregnant rats were gavaged with vehicle, EE2 (0.05-50 mu g/kg/day), or BPA (2, 20, and 200 mu g/kg/day) from day 7 of gestation to postnatal day (PND) 18, and the female offspring were studied. EE2 (50 mu g/kg/day) increased anogenital distance and reduced pup body weight at PND2, accelerated the age at vaginal opening, reduced F1 fertility and F2 litter sizes, and induced malformations of the external genitalia (5 mu g/kg). F1 females exposed to EE2 also displayed a reduced (male-like) saccharin preference (5 mu g/kg) and absence of lordosis behavior (15 mu g/kg), indications of defeminization of the CNS. BPA had no effect on any of the aforementioned measures. These results demonstrate that developmental exposure to pharmacologically relevant dosage levels of EE2 can permanently disrupt the reproductive morphology and function of the female rat. C1 [Ryan, Bryce C.; Hotchkiss, Andrew K.; Gray, L. Earl, Jr.] US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Branch, TA Div,Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, ORD,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ryan, Bryce C.; Hotchkiss, Andrew K.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol Biosci, US EPA, Cooperat Training Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ryan, Bryce C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Zool, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, ORD,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gray, LE (reprint author), US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Branch, TA Div,Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, ORD,Off Res & Dev, MD 72,2525 Highway 54, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gray.earl@epa.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 FU NCSU/US EPA with North Carolina State University [CT826512010] FX BR was funded by the NCSU/US EPA Cooperative Training program in Environmental Sciences Research, Training Agreement CT826512010 with North Carolina State University. NR 73 TC 96 Z9 101 U1 1 U2 32 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 114 IS 1 BP 133 EP 148 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfp266 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 555HN UT WOS:000274499800014 PM 19864446 ER PT J AU Schecter, A Colacino, J Patel, K Kannan, K Yun, SH Haffner, D Harris, TR Birnbaum, L AF Schecter, Arnold Colacino, Justin Patel, Keyur Kannan, Kurunthachalam Yun, Se Hun Haffner, Darrah Harris, T. Robert Birnbaum, Linda TI Polybrominated diphenyl ether levels in foodstuffs collected from three locations from the United States SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE United States food; PBDE intake; Texas; New York; California ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; DIETARY PBDE INTAKE; BREAST-MILK; HUMAN EXPOSURE; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; MARKET-BASKET; 2,2',4,4',5-PENTABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; FOOD; CONSUMPTION AB Objectives: The objectives of this study were to provide updated measurements of PBDEs in US food, to estimate possible difference in levels from differing geographical regions, and to provide an improved estimate of current dietary intake. Methods: Thirty matched food samples for a total of 90 samples were collected from each of three cities (Los Angeles, California; Dallas, Texas; and Albany, New York) and were analyzed for 13 polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners (BDE 28, 47, 49, 66, 85, 99, 100, 138, 153, 154, 183, 203, and 209). Dietary intake of PBDEs was estimated by food type, age, and sex. Results: In this pilot Study, we did not note a statistically significant difference in total PBDE levels in food collected from the three locations. The median total PBDE levels (estimating non-detected values as half of the detection limit) in meat, dairy, eggs, and fish were 267 pg/g wet weight (ww) (range 102-3156 pg/g ww), 176 pg/g ww (range 41-954 pg/g ww), 637 pg/g ww (range 193-932 pg/g ww), and 243 pg/g ww (range 36-2161 pg/g ww). PBDE intake from food was estimated to range from 2.7 ng/kg/day for children 2 through 5 years of age to 0.8 ng/kg/day for women aged 60 years and older. This compares closely with our previous study where the intake estimate was 2.7 ng/kg/day for children 2 through 5 years of age and 0.9 ng/kg/day for women aged 60 years and older. Conclusion: We did not find a decrease of PBDEs in food since our previous studies which we expected to find due to the declining use of PBDEs in the USA. These findings could be consistent with food contamination from depot sources of PBDEs. A larger, more representative sampling of the US food supply is indicated based on our findings. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Schecter, Arnold; Patel, Keyur; Harris, T. Robert] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth Dallas, Dallas, TX 75309 USA. [Colacino, Justin] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Yun, Se Hun] SUNY Albany, Wadsworth Ctr, New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Yun, Se Hun] SUNY Albany, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Haffner, Darrah] Univ Texas SW Med Sch, Dallas, TX USA. [Birnbaum, Linda] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Schecter, A (reprint author), Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines,V8-112, Dallas, TX 75309 USA. EM arnold.schecter@utsouthwestern.edu FU Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Foundation FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Foundation for their generous grant which funded this research. NR 45 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD MAR 1 PY 2010 VL 243 IS 2 SI SI BP 217 EP 224 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2009.10.004 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 565NS UT WOS:000275301400010 PM 19835901 ER PT J AU Crowell, SR Henderson, WM Fisher, JW Kenneke, JF AF Crowell, Susan R. Henderson, W. Matthew Fisher, Jeffrey W. Kenneke, John F. TI Gender and species differences in triadimefon metabolism by rodent hepatic microsomes SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Triadimefon; Michaelis-Menten; V-MAX; K-M; Rodent hepatic microsomes; In vitro half-life; Gender ID IN-VITRO METABOLISM; TRIAZOLE FUNGICIDES; CONAZOLE FUNGICIDES; MALE-RAT; LIVER; MODE; MYCLOBUTANIL; PREDICTION; TOXICITY; MICE AB Understanding the potential differences in metabolic capacity and kinetics between various common laboratory species as well as between genders is an important facet of chemical risk assessment that is often overlooked, particularly for chemicals which undergo non-cytochrome P450 mediated metabolism. The use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to better describe chemical exposure is made more powerful by incorporation of high quality in vitro kinetic data. To this end. metabolism of the conazole fungicide triadimefon was studied in hepatic microsomes of both genders of SD rats and CD-I mice Triadimefon depletion and triadimenol formation were measured in each type of microsomes. Michaelis-Menten regressions were applied to metabolic data and V-MAX and the Michaelis constant (K-M) values Calculated. Male SD rats metabolized triadimefon more rapidly than female SD rats or either gender of CD-1 mouse K-M values were in the micromolar range, indicating the possibility of competitive inhibition with endogenous Substrates Intrinsic clearances derived from kinetic parameters indicate that triadimefon metabolism is blood-flow limited in all organisms Studied with the possible exception of female rat. The in vitro half-life method was investigated as a less resource intensive method for the derivation of intrinsic clearance, and was found to be useful as a complement to the traditional Michaelis-Menten approach. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd C1 [Henderson, W. Matthew; Kenneke, John F.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Crowell, Susan R.; Fisher, Jeffrey W.] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Kenneke, JF (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 2010 VL 193 IS 1 BP 101 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.12.011 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 569QC UT WOS:000275611900014 PM 20026392 ER PT J AU Brar, SK Verma, M Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Brar, Satinder K. Verma, Mausam Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Engineered nanoparticles in wastewater and wastewater sludge - Evidence and impacts SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; PARTICLE SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL; CARBON NANOTUBES; IN-VITRO; RESEARCH STRATEGIES; SAFETY EVALUATION; POROUS-MEDIA AB Nanotechnology has widespread application in agricultural, environmental and industrial sectors ranging from fabrication of molecular assemblies to microbial array chips. Despite the booming application of nanotechnology, there have been serious implications which are coming into light in the recent years within different environmental compartments, namely air, water and soil and its likely impact on the human health. Health and environmental effects of common metals and materials are well-known, however, when the metals and materials take the form of nanoparticles - consequential hazards based on shape and size are yet to be explored. The nanoparticles released from different nanomaterials used in our household and industrial commodities find their way through waste disposal routes into the waste-water treatment facilities and end up in wastewater sludge. Further escape of these nanoparticles into the effluent will contaminate the aquatic and soil environment. Hence, an understanding of the presence, behavior and impact of these nanoparticles in wastewater and wastewater sludge is necessary and timely. Despite the lack of sufficient literature, the present review attempts to link various compartmentalization aspects of the nanoparticles, their physical properties and toxicity in wastewater and wastewater sludge through simile drawn from other environmental streams. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Brar, Satinder K.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, INRS, ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Verma, Mausam] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol Engn, Halifax, NS B3J 2X4, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Brar, SK (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS, ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM satinder.brar@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A4984, 355254, STP235071]; INRS-ETE; Killam Foundation FX The authors are sincerely thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Grants A4984 and 355254, STP235071, Canada Research Chair) and INRS-ETE for financial support. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be construed as opinions of the US Environmental Protection Agency. We extend our special thanks to Killam Foundation for granting Killam post-doctoral fellowship to Dr. Mausam Verma. NR 178 TC 232 Z9 247 U1 10 U2 196 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 30 IS 3 BP 504 EP 520 DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2009.10.012 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 561OL UT WOS:000274987300017 PM 19926463 ER PT J AU Revetta, RP Pemberton, A Lamendella, R Iker, B Domingo, JWS AF Revetta, Randy P. Pemberton, Adin Lamendella, Regina Iker, Brandon Domingo, Jorge W. Santo TI Identification of bacterial populations in drinking water using 16S rRNA-based sequence analyses SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE 16S rRNA; RT-PCR; Drinking water; Clone libraries ID DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM SIMULATOR; AMMONIA-OXIDIZING BACTERIA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BIOFILMS; DIVERSITY; GENE; QUANTIFICATION; COMMUNITIES; STABILITY; DYNAMICS AB Intracellular RNA is rapidly degraded in stressed cells and is more unstable outside of the cell than DNA. As a result, RNA-based methods have been suggested to study the active microbial fraction in environmental matrices. The aim of this study was to identify bacterial populations in drinking water by analyzing 16S rRNA-based clone libraries. Hollow-fiber ultrafiltration was used to concentrate bacterial communities from 401 of tap water collected at 12 different times during three different summer months from a single point-of-use. Total RNA was extracted from the microbial concentrates and used to develop 16S rRNA-based clone libraries. Phylogenetic analyses of 1231 partial 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that difficult-to-classify bacterial sequences were the most predominant clones, representing 57.6% of the sequences analyzed. Within these unclassified clades, most sequences were closely related to sequences retrieved from previous DNA- and RNA-based drinking water studies. Other bacterial groups represented in this study included Proteobacteria, cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Planctomycetes. Overall, the results suggest that these bacterial groups are amongst potentially active bacteria in drinking water. Diversity analyses of clones generated show that while overall diversity is similar amongst the different months, membership changes with respect to time. The results from this study further improve our understanding of the molecular diversity and bacterial population dynamics of drinking water microbial communities. Moreover, these results provide the sequence foundation for the development of molecular assays that target active drinking water bacteria. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Revetta, Randy P.; Iker, Brandon; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, NRMRL WSWRD MCCB, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Pemberton, Adin] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Lamendella, Regina] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. RP Domingo, JWS (reprint author), US EPA, NRMRL WSWRD MCCB, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr MS 387, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 40 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 7 U2 47 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 44 IS 5 BP 1353 EP 1360 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2009.11.008 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 570VO UT WOS:000275706600007 PM 19944442 ER PT J AU Mash, H Schenck, K Rosenblum, L AF Mash, Heath Schenck, Kathleen Rosenblum, Laura TI Hypochlorite oxidation of select androgenic steroids SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Androgens; Steroids; Chlorination; Drinking water ID CHROMATOGRAPHY/TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PEROXIDE-CHLORIDE SYSTEM; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE; ANABOLIC-STEROIDS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; WATER-TREATMENT; ACID; CHOLESTEROL; CHLORINATION AB Steroid hormones are vital for regulation of various biological functions including sexual development. Elevated concentrations of natural and synthetic androgenic steroids have been shown to adversely affect normal development in indigenous aqueous species. Androgens and their synthetic analogs released from agricultural activities and waste-water discharge may be introduced into drinking water sources. The fate of androgenic steroids during drinking water treatment, specifically the use of chlorine for biological control, has not been extensively studied. As such, this study focuses on the hypochlorite oxidation of a select number of androgenic compounds that vary in their structural composition. Where a favorable reaction is observed, we also attempt to describe the product distribution. The results show compounds that possess a ketonic functional group conjugated with a double bond inhibit oxidation by hypochlorite in the absence of biological or indirect oxidative pathways, Oxidative reactivity in the presence of hypochlorite was favorably correlated with the presence of isolated unsaturated carbon bonds and resulted in various transformation products. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mash, Heath; Schenck, Kathleen] US EPA, ORD, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Rosenblum, Laura] Shaw Environm & Infrastruct, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Mash, H (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, WSWRD, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM mash.heath@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAR PY 2010 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1950 EP 1960 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2009.11.051 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 574BA UT WOS:000275962200029 PM 20031185 ER PT J AU Gwinn, MR Tran, L AF Gwinn, Maureen R. Tran, Lang TI Risk management of nanomaterials SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE PARTICLES; SUBCHRONIC INHALATION; PULMONARY RESPONSES; NANOPARTICLES; SAFETY; HEALTH AB Nanotechnology has become the focus of a large amount of scientific, political, and financial interest. Limited information on the exposure to nanomaterials is available, with only a few occupational exposure studies having been performed. While laboratory animal studies on the biological effects of some nanomaterials have been published, no epidemiological studies have been reported to date. This lack of data on exposure and human health effects hinders risk assessment of these materials. As the use of nanomaterials increases rapidly, it is of vital importance that the risk assessment community understands the complexities of the issues surrounding the manufacture, use and disposal of nanomaterials, the potential of environmental and occupational exposure to human populations, as well as adverse health outcomes. For this to happen, it is in many ways necessary for the scientific community to also understand what questions risk assessors need to ask, and what research will best answer them. Risk management of nanomaterials requires more information as to the human and ecological effects of exposure to various nanomaterials. At this time, there are no specific regulations for nanomaterials, but a few efforts to include nanomaterials under existing environmental regulations have begun. The purpose of this article is to describe the potential regulations for nanomaterials, and the current issues related to the risk assessment of nanomaterials. (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2010 2 130-137 C1 [Gwinn, Maureen R.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Tran, Lang] Inst Occupat Med, Edinburgh EH8 9SV, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Gwinn, MR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Gwinn.maureen@epamail.epa.gov NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 17 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1939-5116 J9 WIRES NANOMED NANOBI JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. PD MAR-APR PY 2010 VL 2 IS 2 BP 130 EP 137 DI 10.1002/wnan.57 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 585QA UT WOS:000276840300002 PM 20077523 ER PT J AU Schreinemachers, DM AF Schreinemachers, Dina M. TI Perturbation of lipids and glucose metabolism associated with previous 2,4-D exposure: a cross-sectional study of NHANES III data, 1988-1994 SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; WHEAT-PRODUCING STATES; RAISING HDL-C; SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; ATHEROSCLEROSIS PREVENTION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CANCER-MORTALITY; HERBICIDES; IMPACT AB Background: Results from previous population studies showed that mortality rates from acute myocardial infarction and type-2 diabetes during the 1980s and 1990s in rural, agricultural counties of Minnesota, Montana, North and South Dakota, were higher in counties with a higher level of spring wheat farming than in counties with lower levels of this crop. Spring wheat, one of the major field crops in these four states, was treated for 85% or more of its acreage with chlorophenoxy herbicides. In the current study NHANES III data were reviewed for associations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) exposure, one of the most frequently used chlorophenoxy herbicides, with risk factors that are linked to the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction and type-2 diabetes, such as dyslipidemia and impaired glucose metabolism. Methods: To investigate the toxicity pattern of chlorophenoxy herbicides, effects of a previous 2,4-D exposure were assessed by comparing levels of lipids, glucose metabolism, and thyroid stimulating hormone in healthy adult NHANES III subjects with urinary 2,4-D above and below the level of detection, using linear regression analysis. The analyses were conducted for all available subjects and for two susceptible subpopulations characterized by high glycosylated hemoglobin (upper 50(th) percentile) and low thyroxine ( lower 50th percentile). Results: Presence of urinary 2,4-D was associated with a decrease of HDL levels: 8.6% in the unadjusted data (p-value = 0.006), 4.8% in the adjusted data (p-value = 0.08), and 9% in the adjusted data for the susceptible subpopulation with low thyroxine (p-value = 0.02). An effect modification of the inverse triglycerides-HDL relation was observed in association with 2,4-D. Among subjects with low HDL, urinary 2,4-D was associated with increased levels of triglycerides, insulin, C-peptide, and thyroid stimulating hormone, especially in the susceptible subpopulations. In contrast, subjects with high HDL did not experience adverse 2,4-D associated effects. Conclusions: The results indicate that exposure to 2,4-D was associated with changes in biomarkers that, based on the published literature, have been linked to risk factors for acute myocardial infarction and type-2 diabetes. C1 US EPA, Epidemiol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div,Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Schreinemachers, DM (reprint author), US EPA, Epidemiol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div,Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM schreinemachers.dina@epa.gov NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD FEB 26 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 11 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-9-11 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 579NU UT WOS:000276379200001 PM 20187939 ER PT J AU Isaacson, CW Bouchard, D AF Isaacson, Carl W. Bouchard, Dermont TI Asymmetric flow field flow fractionation of aqueous C-60 nanoparticles with size determination by dynamic light scattering and quantification by liquid chromatography atmospheric pressure photo-ionization mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4); Fullerene; Nanoparticle; C60 ID FULLERENES; WATER; NANOMATERIALS; DISPERSIONS; SYSTEMS; SURFACE; WALL AB A size separation method was developed for aqueous C-60 fullerene aggregates (aqu/C-60) using asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4) coupled to a dynamic light scattering detector in flow through mode. Surfactants, which are commonly used in AF4 were avoided as they may alter suspension characteristics. Aqu/C-60 aggregates generated by sonication in deionized water ranged in size from 80 to 260 nm in hydrodynamic diameter (D-h) as determined by DLS in flow through mode, which was corroborated by analysis of fractions by DLS in batch mode and by TEM. The Mass Of C-60 in each fraction was determined by LC-APPI-MS. Only 5.2 +/- 6.7% of the total aqu/C-60 mass had D-h less than 80 nm, while 58 +/- 32% of the total aqu/C-60 mass had D-h between 80 and 150 nm and 14 +/- 9.2% of the total aqu/C-60 were between 150 and 260 nm in D-h. With the optimal fractionation parameters, 77 +/- 5.8% of the aqu/C-60 mass eluted from the AF4 channel, indicating deposition on the AF4 membrane had occurred during fractionation: use of alternative membranes did not reduce deposition. Channel flow splitting increased detector response although channel split ratios greater than 80% of the channel flow led to decreased detector response. This is the first report on the use of AF4 for fractionating a colloidal suspension of aqu/C-60. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bouchard, Dermont] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30606 USA. [Isaacson, Carl W.] Natl Res Council Res Associate, Athens, GA USA. RP Bouchard, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30606 USA. EM bouchard.dermont@epa.gov NR 33 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD FEB 26 PY 2010 VL 1217 IS 9 BP 1506 EP 1512 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.060 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 561CQ UT WOS:000274953500012 PM 20070969 ER PT J AU Yao, RQ Yasuoka, A Kamei, A Kitagawa, Y Tateishi, N Tsuruoka, N Kiso, Y Sueyoshi, T Negishi, M Misaka, T Abe, K AF Yao, Ruiquing Yasuoka, Akihito Kamei, Asuka Kitagawa, Yoshinori Tateishi, Norifumi Tsuruoka, Nobuo Kiso, Yoshionobu Sueyoshi, Tatsuya Negishi, Masahiko Misaka, Takumi Abe, Keiko TI Dietary Flavonoids Activate the Constitutive Androstane Receptor (CAR) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Flavonoid; catechin; chrysin; constitutive androstane receptor; pregnane X receptor; cyp2b10; detoxification; energy metabolism ID ENHANCER MODULE; CYP2B6 GENE; X RECEPTOR; NUCLEAR; METABOLISM; INDUCTION; GAMMA; EVOLUTION; CELLS; PXR AB The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) is known as a xeno-sensor that regulates genes involved in xenobiotic excretion and energy metabolism. This study tested a variety of polyphenols for their ability to modulate CAR activity. HepG2 cells were transfected with a CAR expression plasmid and a reporter plasmid containing the human CYP2B6 regulatory region and then treated with flavonoids, catechins, and other bioactive polyphenols. Luciferase assays revealed that baicalein (5,6,7-OH flavone) was a potent activator of both human and mouse CAR. Catechin gallates also activated human and mouse CAR. Wild-type and CAR knockout mice were treated with baicalein and chrysin (5,7-OH flavone), and their liver mRNA was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A significant increase in cyp2b10 mRNA content was observed only in wildtype mice fed chrysin. These results suggest that dietary flavonoids regulate CAR activity and thereby accelerate both detoxification and energy metabolism. C1 [Yao, Ruiquing; Misaka, Takumi; Abe, Keiko] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Dept Appl Biol Chem, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. [Yasuoka, Akihito] Maebashi Inst Technol, Dept Biol Engn, Maebashi, Gumma 3710816, Japan. [Kamei, Asuka] Kanagawa Acad Sci & Technol, Takatsu Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 2130012, Japan. [Kitagawa, Yoshinori; Tateishi, Norifumi; Tsuruoka, Nobuo; Kiso, Yoshionobu] Suntory Ltd, Inst Hlth Care Sci, Shimamoto, Osaka 6188503, Japan. [Sueyoshi, Tatsuya; Negishi, Masahiko] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Abe, K (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Dept Appl Biol Chem, Bunkyo Ku, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Tokyo 1138657, Japan. EM aka7308@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp RI Kiso, Yoshinobu/D-5424-2012 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES080040-23] NR 21 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD FEB 24 PY 2010 VL 58 IS 4 BP 2168 EP 2173 DI 10.1021/jf903711q PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 555QZ UT WOS:000274530100017 PM 20099825 ER PT J AU Crosby, LM Moore, TM George, M Yoon, LW Easton, MJ Ni, H Morgan, KT DeAngelo, AB AF Crosby, Lynn M. Moore, Tanya M. George, Michael Yoon, Lawrence W. Easton, Marilyn J. Ni, Hong Morgan, Kevin T. DeAngelo, Anthony B. TI Transformation of SV40-immortalized human uroepithelial cells by 3-methylcholanthrene increases IFN- and Large T Antigen-induced transcripts SO CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILES; HUMAN MESOTHELIAL CELLS; IN-VITRO; INTERFERON-GAMMA; TUMORIGENIC TRANSFORMATION; NEOPLASTIC TRANSFORMATION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SV40; SIMIAN-VIRUS-40; GROWTH AB Background: Simian Virus 40 (SV40) immortalization followed by treatment of cells with 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) has been used to elicit tumors in athymic mice 3-MC carcinogenesis has been thoroughly studied, however gene-level interactions between 3-MC and SV40 that could have produced the observed tumors have not been explored. The commercially-available human uroepithelial cell lines were either SV40-immortalized (HUC) or SV40-immortalized and then 3-MC-transformed (HUC-TC). Results: To characterize the SV40 - 3MC interaction, we compared human gene expression in these cell lines using a human cancer array and confirmed selected changes by RT-PCR. Many viral Large T Antigen (Tag) expression-related changes occurred in HUC-TC, and it is concluded that SV40 and 3-MC may act synergistically to transform cells. Changes noted in IFP 9-27, 2'-5' OAS, IF 56, MxA and MxAB were typical of those that occur in response to viral exposure and are part of the innate immune response. Because interferon is crucial to innate immune host defenses and many gene changes were interferon-related, we explored cellular growth responses to exogenous IFN-gamma and found that treatment impeded growth in tumor, but not immortalized HUC on days 4 - 7. Cellular metabolism however, was inhibited in both cell types. We conclude that IFN-gamma metabolic responses were functional in both cell lines, but IFN-gamma anti-proliferative responses functioned only in tumor cells. Conclusions: Synergism of SV40 with 3-MC or other environmental carcinogens may be of concern as SV40 is now endemic in 2-5.9% of the U.S. population. In addition, SV40-immortalization is a generally-accepted method used in many research materials, but the possibility of off-target effects in studies carried out using these cells has not been considered. We hope that our work will stimulate further study of this important phenomenon. C1 [Crosby, Lynn M.; Moore, Tanya M.; George, Michael; DeAngelo, Anthony B.] US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Natl Hlth Effects & Environm Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Crosby, Lynn M.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Yoon, Lawrence W.; Easton, Marilyn J.; Ni, Hong] Glaxo SmithKline Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Morgan, Kevin T.] Sanofi Aventis Pharmaceut Inc, Bridgewater, MA USA. [Crosby, Lynn M.] Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. RP Crosby, LM (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Natl Hlth Effects & Environm Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lcrosby@uthsc.edu FU UNC (Chapel Hill) Curriculum in Toxicology/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Environmental Carcinogenesis Division fellowship FX LMC was supported by a UNC (Chapel Hill) Curriculum in Toxicology/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division fellowship. Information was funded, reviewed and approved for publication by the same. Contents do not reflect Agency views, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement/recommendation for use. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2867 J9 CANCER CELL INT JI Cancer Cell Int. PD FEB 23 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 4 DI 10.1186/1475-2867-10-4 PG 14 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 580OP UT WOS:000276459100001 PM 20178601 ER PT J AU Keiluweit, M Nico, PS Johnson, MG Kleber, M AF Keiluweit, Marco Nico, Peter S. Johnson, Mark G. Kleber, Markus TI Dynamic Molecular Structure of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar) SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INNER-SHELL SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; LIGNIN PYROLYSIS; PINE WOOD; CELLULOSE; CHARCOAL; NEXAFS; BIOAVAILABILITY; CARBONIZATION AB Char black carbon (BC), the solid residue of incomplete combustion, is continuously being added to soils and sediments due to natural vegetation fires, anthropogenic pollution, and new strategies for carbon sequestration ("biochar"). Here we present a molecular-level assessment of the physical organization and chemical complexity of biomass-derived chars and, specifically, that of aromatic carbon in char structures. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)-N(2) surface area (SA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), synchrotron-based near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy are used to show how two plant materials (wood and grass) undergo analogous but quantitatively different physical-chemical transitions as charring temperature increases from 100 to 700 degrees C. These changes suggest the existence of four distinct categories of char consisting of a unique mixture of chemical phases and physical states: (i) in transition chars,the crystalline character of the precursor materials is preserved; (ii) in amorphous chars, the heat-altered molecules and incipient aromatic polycondensates are randomly mixed; (iii) composite chars consist of poorly ordered graphene stacks embedded in amorphous phases; and (iv) turbostratic chars are dominated by disordered graphitic crystallites. Molecular variations among the different char categories likely translate into differences in their ability to persist in the environment and function as environmental sorbents. C1 [Keiluweit, Marco; Kleber, Markus] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Nico, Peter S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Johnson, Mark G.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Kleber, M (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM markus.kleber@oregonstate.edu RI Nico, Peter/F-6997-2010; Ducey, Thomas/A-6493-2011 OI Nico, Peter/0000-0002-4180-9397; FU U.S. DOE, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank F. Prahl and M. Sparrow for assistance with pyrolysis procedures and elemental analysis, and D. Kilcoyne for providing "after hours" support at ALS beamline 5.3.2. M. Keiluweit acknowledges a merit scholarship awarded by the Department of Crop and Soil Science (OSU). Partial support was provided by the Office of Science, Climate and Environmental Science Division, of the U.S. DOE under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Use of the ALS was provided by U.S. DOE, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under the same contract. The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 44 TC 538 Z9 598 U1 145 U2 889 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1247 EP 1253 DI 10.1021/es9031419 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 553EC UT WOS:000274347800016 PM 20099810 ER PT J AU El Badawy, AM Luxton, TP Silva, RG Scheckel, KG Suidan, MT Tolaymat, TM AF El Badawy, Amro M. Luxton, Todd P. Silva, Rendahandi G. Scheckel, Kirk G. Suidan, Makram T. Tolaymat, Thabet M. TI Impact of Environmental Conditions (pH, Ionic Strength, and Electrolyte Type) on the Surface Charge and Aggregation of Silver Nanoparticles Suspensions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FULLERENE C-60 NANOPARTICLES; COLLOIDAL SILVER; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; HUMIC-ACID; WATER; KINETICS; CONDENSATION; ADSORPTION; MONOVALENT; REACTIVITY AB The impact of capping agents and environmental conditions (pH, ionic strength, and background electrolytes) on surface charge and aggregation potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) suspensions were investigated. Capping agents are chemicals used in the synthesis of nanoparticles to prevent aggregation. The AgNPs examined in the study were as follows: (a) uncoated AgNPs (H-2-AgNPs), (b) electrostatically stabilized (citrate and NaBH4-AgNPs), (c) sterically stabilized (polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-AgNPs), and (d) electrosterically stabilized (branched polyethylene imine (BPEI)-AgNPs)). The uncoated (H-2-ANPs), the citrate, and NaBH4-coated AgNPs aggregated at higher ionic strengths (100 mM NaNO3) and/or acidic pH (3.0). For these three nanomaterials, chloride (Cl-, 10 mM), as a background electrolyte, resulted in a minimal change in the hydrodynamic diameter even at low pH (3.0). This was limited by the presence of residual silver ions, which resulted in the formation of stable negatively charged AgCl colloids. Furthermore, the presence of Ca2+ (10 mM) resulted in aggregation of the three previously identified AgNPs regardless of the pH. As for PVP coated AgNPs, the ionic strength, pH and electrolyte type had no impact on the aggregation of the sterically stabilized AgNPs. The surface charge and aggregation of the BPEI coated AgNPs varied according to the solution pH. C1 [Tolaymat, Thabet M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [El Badawy, Amro M.; Suidan, Makram T.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Silva, Rendahandi G.] Shaw Environm Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Tolaymat, TM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. EM tolaymat.thabet@epa.gov RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development FX The authors would like to thank Gwendalin Bausmith, Casey Warren, Stepahnie Kuhn and Dr. Mallikarjuna Nandagouda for their help with the lab work. This research was funded by the National Risk Management Research Laboratory of the US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development. This work has not been subjected to the Agency's internal review, therefore, the opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. NR 38 TC 239 Z9 242 U1 30 U2 288 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1260 EP 1266 DI 10.1021/es902240k PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 553EC UT WOS:000274347800018 PM 20099802 ER PT J AU Scheckel, KG Luxton, TP El Badawy, AM Impellitteri, CA Tolaymat, TM AF Scheckel, Kirk G. Luxton, Todd P. El Badawy, Amro M. Impellitteri, Christopher A. Tolaymat, Thabet M. TI Synchrotron Speciation of Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Aged in a Kaolin Suspension SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IRON NANOPARTICLES; AQUATIC ORGANISMS; NANOMATERIALS; ENVIRONMENT; TOXICITY; ZNO; BIOAVAILABILITY; REACTIVITY; PARTICLES; FATE AB Assessments of the environmental fate and mobility of nanoparticles must consider the behavior of nanoparticles in relevant environmental systems that may result in speciation changes over time. Environmental conditions may act on nanoparticles to change their size, shape, and surface chemistry. Changing these basic characteristics of nanoparticles may result in a final reaction product that is significantly different than the initial nanomaterial. As such, basing long-term risk and toxicity on the initial properties of a nanomaterial may lead to erroneous conclusions if nanoparticles change upon release to the environment. The influence of aging on the speciation and chemical stability of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles in kaolin suspensions was examined in batch reactors for up to 18 months. Silver nanoparticles remained unchanged in sodium nitrate suspensions; however, silver chloride was identified with the metallic silver nanoparticles in sodium chloride suspensions and may be attributed to an in situ silver chloride surface coating. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were rapidly converted via destabilization/dissolution mechanisms to Zn2+ inner-sphere sorption complexes within 1 day of reaction and these sorption complexes were maintained through the 12 month aging processes. Chemical and physical alteration of nanomaterials in the environment must be examined to understand fate, mobility, and toxicology. C1 [Scheckel, Kirk G.; Luxton, Todd P.; Impellitteri, Christopher A.; Tolaymat, Thabet M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [El Badawy, Amro M.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Scheckel, KG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Scheckel.Kirk@epa.gov RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU Department of Energy; MRCAT FX Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. Any mention of products or trade names does not constitute recommendation for use by the USEPA. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. We are grateful to Ms. Deborah Roose for ICP-OES analysis. NR 45 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 3 U2 56 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1307 EP 1312 DI 10.1021/es9032265 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 553EC UT WOS:000274347800025 PM 20078035 ER PT J AU Subramanian, B Namboodiri, V Khodadoust, AP Dionysiou, DD AF Subramanian, Bhargavi Namboodiri, Vasudevan Khodadoust, Amid P. Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Extraction of pentachlorophenol from soils using environmentally benign lactic acid solutions SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Lactic acid; Soil; Pentachlorophenol; Extraction; Soil organic matter ID CONTAMINATED SOIL; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; CLAY-MINERALS; SUBSTITUTED NITROBENZENES; POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTIONS; SMECTITE CLAYS; WATER SYSTEMS; SORPTION; ADSORPTION; SOLVENT AB Soil contamination with pentachlorophenol (PCP) is widespread across the globe. Soil washing/extraction is a common technique to remove this compound. Several soil washing/extraction solutions have been used but a majority of them have the problem of persistence in the environment due to their low biodegradability. Our aim was to investigate mixed solutions of lactic acid and water as potential alternatives to surfactant solutions or organic solvent systems used for the removal of PCP from three soils: montmorillonite, a natural sediment (with organic matter), and the same sediment without organic matter (ignited sediment). This study included the optimization of the concentration of lactic acid in water for maximum extraction efficiency and the determination of linear desorption constants for removal of PCP from the three soils with lactic acid. The effect of soil/sediment organic matter on the extraction efficiency was also studied. Initial experiments showed that 24 h was the optimum extraction time. High extraction efficiencies were obtained for montmorillonite (40-80%) and ignited sediment (similar to 90%). The natural sediment exhibited low PCP extraction due to presence of organic matter, while high desorption coefficient values (similar to 23 L/kg) were obtained for the ignited sediment. For all soils, a decrease in extraction was observed at higher concentrations of lactic acid. The specific surface area of soil/sediment was also found to be an important factor affecting the extraction of PCP. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Subramanian, Bhargavi; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Namboodiri, Vasudevan] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Khodadoust, Amid P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Mat Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Dionysiou, DD (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu FU NCAA/UNH Cooperative Institute for Coastal and Estuarine Environmental Technology, (CICEET), NOAA [NA04NOS4190109] FX Funding for this research was provided by a grant from NCAA/UNH Cooperative Institute for Coastal and Estuarine Environmental Technology, (CICEET), NOAA (Grant No.: NA04NOS4190109). NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD FEB 15 PY 2010 VL 174 IS 1-3 BP 263 EP 269 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.046 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 548RN UT WOS:000273984000039 PM 19800731 ER PT J AU Mugdan, W AF Mugdan, Walter TI Comment on Urban et al. "Assessment of human health risks posed by consumption of fish from the Lower Passaic River (LPR), New Jersey" (2009, doi:10.1016/jscitotenv.2009.03.004) SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Letter DE Lower Passaic River; Fish ingestion; Crab ingestion; Risk assessment; Superfund guidance AB Urban et al. (2009) presented a human health risk assessment for the Lower Passaic River that is not consistent with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) risk assessment guidance for Superfund cited in the article, because it is based on a fish ingestion rate that underestimates angler exposure to contaminated fish, does not evaluate exposure to contaminated crab, and underestimates the cancer risks and non-cancer health hazards associated with these exposure pathways. USEPA recommends that people follow the health advisories for the Lower Passaic River, available online at http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dsr/2009FishAdvisoryBrochure.pdf. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US EPA, Emergency & Remedial Response Div, New York, NY 10007 USA. RP Mugdan, W (reprint author), US EPA, Emergency & Remedial Response Div, Reg 2,290 Broadway, New York, NY 10007 USA. EM yeh.alice@epa.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 15 PY 2010 VL 408 IS 6 BP 1466 EP 1467 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.028 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 561AT UT WOS:000274948000027 PM 20006897 ER PT J AU Tal, TL Simmons, SO Silbajoris, R Dailey, L Cho, SH Ramabhadran, R Linak, W Reed, W Bromberg, PA Samet, JM AF Tal, Tamara L. Simmons, Steven O. Silbajoris, Robert Dailey, Lisa Cho, Seung-Hyun Ramabhadran, Ram Linak, William Reed, William Bromberg, Philip A. Samet, James M. TI Differential transcriptional regulation of IL-8 expression by human airway epithelial cells exposed to diesel exhaust particles SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diesel exhaust particle; IL-8; NFkB; AP-1; Transcriptional regulation; Airway epithelial cells ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; NF-KAPPA-B; INDUCE OXIDATIVE STRESS; PARTICULATE MATTER; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PULMONARY TOXICITY; POLLUTION PARTICLE; IN-VITRO; ACTIVATION; INTERLEUKIN-8 AB Exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) induces inflammatory signaling characterized by MAP kinase-mediated activation of NFkB and AP-1 in vitro and in bronchial biopsies obtained from human subjects exposed to DER NFkB and AP-1 activation results in the upregulation of genes involved in promoting inflammation in airway epithelial cells, a principal target of inhaled DEP. IL-8 is a proinflammatory chemokine expressed by the airway epithelium in response to environmental pollutants. The mechanism by which DEP exposure induces IL-8 expression is not well understood. In the current study, we sought to determine whether DEP with varying organic content induces IL-8 expression in lung epithelial cells, as well as, to develop a method to rapidly evaluate the upstream mechanism(s) by which DEP induces IL-8 expression. Exposure to DEP with varying organic content differentially induced IL-8 expression and IL-8 promoter activity human airway epithelial cells. Mutational analysis of the IL-8 promoter was also performed using recombinant human cell lines expressing reporters linked to the mutated promoters. Treatment with a low organic-containing DEP stimulated IL-8 expression by a mechanism that is predominantly NFkB-dependent. In contrast, exposure to high organic-containing DEP induced IL-8 expression independently of NFkB through a mechanism that requires AP-1 activity. Our study reveals that exposure to DEP of varying organic content induces proinflammatory gene expression through multiple specific mechanisms in human airway epithelial cells. The approaches used in the present study demonstrate the utility of a promoter-reporter assay ensemble for identifying transcriptional pathways activated by pollutant exposure. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Samet, James M.] US EPA, Human Studies Div MD 58D, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Tal, Tamara L.; Ramabhadran, Ram; Samet, James M.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Reed, William; Bromberg, Philip A.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Cho, Seung-Hyun; Linak, William] US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Cho, Seung-Hyun] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Human Studies Div MD 58D, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 104 Mason Farm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM samet.james@epa.gov OI Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 FU U.S. EPA; EPA [T829472]; [T32 ES007126] FX We thank Melanie Jardim for helpful discussions and the critical review of this manuscript. We are grateful to M. Ian Gilmour and David Diaz-Sanchez for providing us with C-DEP and A-DEP, respectively. T.L.T. is a recipient of the Curriculum in Toxicology Training Grant T32 ES007126. Fellowship support for S.H.C. from the U.S. EPA Research Participation Program administered by ORISE is acknowledged. This research was also supported by EPA training grant T829472. NR 50 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 4 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD FEB 15 PY 2010 VL 243 IS 1 BP 46 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2009.11.011 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 555EB UT WOS:000274489700006 PM 19914270 ER PT J AU Li, LJ Lu, HF Campbell, DE Ren, H AF Li, Linjun Lu, Hongfang Campbell, Daniel E. Ren, Hai TI Emergy algebra: Improving matrix methods for calculating transformities SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Transformity calculation; Preconditioning equations; Track Summing Method; Minimum Eigenvalue Model; Linear Optimization Model; Matrix Model ID ENERGY ANALYSIS; SYSTEMS; ENERGETICS; HIERARCHY; EVOLUTION AB Transformity is one of the core concepts in Energy Systems Theory and it is fundamental to the calculation of emergy. Accurate evaluation of transformities and other emergy per unit values is essential for the broad acceptance, application and further development of emergy methods. Since the rules for the calculation of emergy are different from those for energy, particular calculation methods and models have been developed for use in the emergy analysis of networks, but double counting errors still occur because of errors in applying these rules when estimating the emergies of feedbacks and co-products. In this paper, configurations of network energy flows were classified into seven types based on commonly occurring combinations of feedbacks, splits, and co-products. A method of structuring the network equations for each type using the rules of emergy algebra, which we called "preconditioning" prior to calculating transformities, was developed to avoid double counting errors in determining the emergy basis for energy flows in the network. The results obtained from previous approaches, the Track Summing Method, the Minimum Eigenvalue Model and the Linear Optimization Model, were reviewed in detail by evaluating a hypothetical system, which included several types of interactions and two inputs. A Matrix Model was introduced to simplify the calculation of transformities and it was also tested using the same hypothetical system. In addition, the Matrix Model was applied to two real case studies, which previously had been analyzed using the existing method and models. Comparison of the three case studies showed that if the preconditioning step to structure the equations was missing, double counting would lead to large errors in the transformity estimates, up to 275 percent for complex flows with feedback and co-product interactions. After preconditioning, the same results were obtained from all methods and models. The Matrix Model reduces the complexity of the Track Summing Method for the analysis of complex systems, and offers a more direct and understandable link between the network diagram and the matrix algebra, compared with the Minimum Eigenvalue Model or the Linear Optimization Model. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Linjun; Lu, Hongfang; Ren, Hai] Chinese Acad Sci, S China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Li, Linjun] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Campbell, Daniel E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. RP Lu, HF (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, S China Bot Garden, Xingke Rd 723, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM luhf@scbg.ac.cn FU Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program) [2009CB421101]; National Science Foundation of China [30600072]; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Infrastructure Development Program for Scientific Research of Guangzhou [15] FX We thank Mrs. Elisabeth C. Odum for help in improving the English in this manuscript and Dr. Glen Thursby of USEPA, ORD, NHEERL, Atlantic Ecology Division, for reviewing parts of the manuscript and verifying the Minimum Eigenvalue Method. This study was supported by Projects of the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program, 2009CB421101), the National Science Foundation of China (30600072), the Director's Award of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Infrastructure Development Program for Scientific Research of Guangzhou (2006 No. 15). NR 34 TC 30 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD FEB 10 PY 2010 VL 221 IS 3 BP 411 EP 422 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.10.015 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 547DU UT WOS:000273866700005 ER PT J AU Elleman, RA Covert, DS AF Elleman, Robert A. Covert, David S. TI Aerosol size distribution modeling with the Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system in the Pacific Northwest: 3. Size distribution of particles emitted into a mesoscale model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID POWER-PLANT PLUMES; NUMBER CONCENTRATIONS; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; URBAN ATMOSPHERE; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; PARTICULATE MATTER; BACKGROUND SITES; EMISSION FACTORS; AMBIENT AEROSOL; STREET CANYON AB In order to improve the Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system (CMAQ) performance for ultrafine particle concentrations in the Pacific Northwest, CMAQ v4.4 was modified so that particles are input to the model with an appropriate size distribution. CMAQ's default emission size distributions are based on outdated measurements which underrepresent ultrafine particles. At the same time, the size distribution must represent the results of all processes between the point of emission and the smallest resolvable spatial scale of the model. As a computationally efficient and simple solution, size distributions were compiled from published modern observations for traffic-dominated urban areas, power plants, and marine sources at the typical mesoscale air quality model spatial resolution of 4-15 km. CMAQ was modified so that all chemical species are input according to the emission size distribution of traffic-dominated urban areas because this source emits the majority of each aerosol species in the Pacific Northwest. For a summer 2001 case study based around field measurements, CMAQ v4.4 underpredicts the observable aerosol number concentrations by 1-2 orders of magnitude, while CMAQ with new emission size distributions underpredicts by similar to 1 order of magnitude. The modeled size distributions have improved properties in terms of more distinct Aitken and accumulation modes and a more prominent Aitken mode. Errors remain, especially in the accumulation mode. C1 [Elleman, Robert A.; Covert, David S.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Elleman, RA (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 6th Ave,Ste 900,OEA-095, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. FU Northwest Research Center for Particulate Air Pollution and Health (U.S. EPA) [R827355]; NW-AIRQUEST; NSF [ATM0337853] FX This work was supported by the Northwest Research Center for Particulate Air Pollution and Health (U.S. EPA grant R827355), NW-AIRQUEST consortium of air quality agencies in the Pacific Northwest, U.S. EPA Region 10 in Seattle, and NSF grant ATM0337853. We thank Jeff Arnold of the U.S. EPA, Cliff Mass of the University of Washington, and Tim Larson of the University of Washington for helpful suggestions and comments. We also thank the Laboratory for Atmospheric Research at Washington State University for technical and computing assistance. We gratefully acknowledge the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environment Canada, Washington Department of Ecology, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, and IMPROVE program for use of field data. NR 83 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 6 PY 2010 VL 115 AR D03204 DI 10.1029/2009JD012401 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 553HS UT WOS:000274357700001 ER PT J AU Balboni, G Salvadori, S Trapella, C Knapp, BI Bidlack, JM Lazarus, LH Peng, XM Neumeyer, JL AF Balboni, Gianfranco Salvadori, Severo Trapella, Claudio Knapp, Brian I. Bidlack, Jean M. Lazarus, Lawrence H. Peng, Xuemei Neumeyer, John L. TI Evolution of the Bifunctional Lead mu Agonist/delta Antagonist Containing the 2 ',6 '-Dimethyl-L-tyrosine-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic Acid (Dmt-Tic) Opioid Pharmacophore SO ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bifunctional opioids; Dmt-Tic pharmacophore; opioid peptides; opioid receptors; angiogenesis; tolerance ID MORPHINE-TOLERANCE; RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BINDING-SITES; TUMOR-GROWTH; DELTA; DEPENDENCE; POTENT; MICE; ANGIOGENESIS; INHIBITOR AB Based on a renewed importance recently attributed to bi- or multifunctional opioids, we report the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of some analogues derived from our lead mu agonistic/delta antagonist, H-Dmt-Tic-Gly-NH-Bzl (Dmt = 2',6'-dimethyl-L-tyrosine, Tic = 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, Bzl = benzyl). Our previous studies focused on the importance of the C-teminal benzyl function in the induction of such bifunctional activity. The introduction of some substituents in the para position of the phenyl ring (-Cl, -CH(3), partially -NO(2), inactive -NH(2)) was found to give a more potent mu agonist/antagonist effect associated with a relatively unmodified delta antagonist activity (pA(2) = 8.28-9.02). Increasing the steric hindrance of the benzyl group (using diphenylmethyl and tetrahydroisoquinoline functionalities) substantially maintained the mu agonist and delta antagonist activities of the lead compound. Finally and quite unexpectedly D-Tic(2), considered as a wrong opioid message now, inserted into the reference compound in lieu of L-Tic provided a mu agonist/delta agonist better than our reference ligand (H-Dmt-Tic-Gly-NH-Ph; Ph = phenyl) and was endowed with the same pharmacological profile. C1 [Balboni, Gianfranco] Univ Cagliari, Dept Toxicol, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy. [Salvadori, Severo; Trapella, Claudio] Univ Ferrara, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Salvadori, Severo; Trapella, Claudio] Univ Ferrara, Ctr Biotechnol, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Knapp, Brian I.; Bidlack, Jean M.] Univ Rochester, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Lazarus, Lawrence H.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Med Chem Grp, Pharmacol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Peng, Xuemei; Neumeyer, John L.] Harvard Univ, Alcohol & Drug Abuse Res Ctr, McLean Hosp, Sch Med, Belmont, MA 02478 USA. RP Balboni, G (reprint author), Univ Cagliari, Dept Toxicol, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy. EM gbalboni@unica.it; jneumeyer@mclean.harvard.edu RI Trapella, Claudio/I-2128-2012 OI Trapella, Claudio/0000-0002-6666-143X FU NIH [RO1-DA14251, K05-DA 00360]; University of Cagliari; University of Ferrara; NIEHS FX This work was supported in part by NIH Grants RO1-DA14251 (to J.L.N.) and K05-DA 00360 (to J.M.B.), University of Cagliari (to GB.), University of Ferrara (to S.S.), and the Intramural Research Program of the NIH and NIEHS (to L.H.L.). NR 39 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1948-7193 J9 ACS CHEM NEUROSCI JI ACS Chem. Neurosci. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 1 IS 2 BP 155 EP 164 DI 10.1021/cn900025j PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 600IZ UT WOS:000277980700009 PM 20352071 ER PT J AU Cheng, LM Jiang, JG Sun, ZY Chen, C Dackor, RT Zeldin, DC Wang, DW AF Cheng, Li-ming Jiang, Jian-gang Sun, Zi-yong Chen, Chen Dackor, Ryan T. Zeldin, Darryl C. Wang, Dao-wen TI The epoxyeicosatrienoic acid-stimulated phosphorylation of EGF-R involves the activation of metalloproteinases and the release of HB-EGF in cancer cells SO ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA LA English DT Article DE arachidonic acid; cytochrome P450 epoxygenase; epoxyeicosatrienoic acids; tumor cell proliferation; EGF-R; ERK1/2; AG1478; phenanthroline; CRM197; metalloproteinase ID DIPHTHERIA-TOXIN RECEPTOR; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; GROWTH-FACTOR; CARCINOMA-CELLS; PHORBOL ESTER; PROHB-EGF; KINASE-C; CYTOCHROME-P450; CLEAVAGE; PROMOTES AB Aim: To test the hypothesis that the epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET)-induced transactivation of EGF-R depends on the activation of metalloproteinases and the subsequent release of HB-EGF in cancer cells. Methods: Exogenous 14,15-EET were added to four human-derived cancer cell lines Tca-8113, A549, HepG2, and MDA-MB-231, or these same cell lines were transfected with a mutant CYP epoxygenase (CYP102 F87V, an active 14,15-epoxygenase). The effects of elevated EET levels on the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in the EGF receptor and on ERK1/2 activation were then assessed. Results: Both the addition of 14,15-EET and the transfection of cells with CYP102 F87V markedly increased the phosphorylation of the tyrosine residues of EGF-R and ERK1/2, an effect that was blocked by a selective EGF-R tyrosine kinase inhibitor (tyrphostin AG1478), a broad-spectrum metalloproteinase inhibitor (1,10-phenanthroline), and an inhibitor of HB-EGF release (CRM197) in Tca-8113 cells. In addition, AG1478, 1,10-phenanthroline, and CRM197 also inhibited the tyrosine phosphorylation of EGF-R and ERK1/2 that was induced by 14,15-EET in the A549, HepG2, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Conclusion: These results suggest that the EET-induced transactivation of EGF-R depends on activation of metalloproteinases and the subsequent release of HB-EGF in cancer cell lines. C1 [Cheng, Li-ming; Jiang, Jian-gang; Sun, Zi-yong; Chen, Chen; Wang, Dao-wen] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Hypertens, Tongji Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Li-ming; Jiang, Jian-gang; Sun, Zi-yong; Chen, Chen; Wang, Dao-wen] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Internal Med, Tongji Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China. [Dackor, Ryan T.; Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Intramural Res, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Wang, DW (reprint author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Hypertens, Tongji Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China. EM dwwang@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn FU International Collaboration [2005DFA30880]; National Natural Science Foundation of China grant [30430320, 30770882]; NIH; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES025034]; [2007CB512004] FX This work was supported by the International Collaboration Project (No 2005DFA30880), the 973 grant (2007CB512004), and two National Natural Science Foundation of China grant (30430320, 30770882). This work was also funded, in part, by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01 ES025034). NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1671-4083 J9 ACTA PHARMACOL SIN JI Acta Pharmacol. Sin. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 31 IS 2 BP 211 EP 218 DI 10.1038/aps.2009.184 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 556GO UT WOS:000274578400010 PM 20139904 ER PT J AU Djalalova, I Wilczak, J McKeen, S Grell, G Peckham, S Pagowski, M DelleMonache, L McQueen, J Tang, Y Lee, P McHenry, J Gong, W Bouchet, V Mathur, R AF Djalalova, I. Wilczak, J. McKeen, S. Grell, G. Peckham, S. Pagowski, M. DelleMonache, L. McQueen, J. Tang, Y. Lee, P. McHenry, J. Gong, W. Bouchet, V. Mathur, R. TI Ensemble and bias-correction techniques for air quality model forecasts of surface O-3 and PM2.5 during the TEXAQS-II experiment of 2006 SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air quality; Ozone; Particulate matter; TEXAQS 2006; Ensemble forecast ID OZONE; SYSTEM; SIMULATIONS; PERFORMANCE; CHEMISTRY; AURAMS AB Several air quality forecasting ensembles were created from seven models, running in real-time during the 2006 Texas Air Quality (TEXAQS-II) experiment. These multi-model ensembles incorporated a diverse set of meteorological models, chemical mechanisms, and emission inventories. Evaluation of individual model and ensemble forecasts of surface ozone and particulate matter (PM) was performed using data from 119 EPA AIRNow ozone sites and 38 PM sites during a 50-day period in August and September of 2006. From the original set of models, two new bias-corrected model data sets were built, either by applying a simple running mean average to the past 7 days of data or by a Kalman-Filter approach. From the original and two bias-corrected data sets, three ensembles were created by a simple averaging of the seven models. For further improvements three additional weighted model ensembles were created, where individual model weights were calculated using the singular value decomposition method. All six of the ensembles are compared to the individual models and to each other in terms of root mean square error, correlation, and contingency and probabilistic statistics. In most cases, each of the ensembles show improved skill compared to the best of the individual models. The over all best ensemble technique was found to be the combination of Kalman-Filtering and weighted averaging. PM2.5 aerosol ensembles demonstrated significant improvement gains, mostly because the original model's skill was very low. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Djalalova, I.; McKeen, S.; Grell, G.; Peckham, S.; Pagowski, M.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Djalalova, I.; Wilczak, J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [McKeen, S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [Grell, G.; Peckham, S.; Pagowski, M.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Syst Div, Boulder, CO USA. [DelleMonache, L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [McQueen, J.; Tang, Y.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Lee, P.] NOAA, Air Resource Lab, Silver Spring, MD USA. [McHenry, J.] Baron Adv Meteorol Syst, Raleigh, NC USA. [Gong, W.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Downsview, ON, Canada. [Bouchet, V.] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Dorval, PQ, Canada. [Mathur, R.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Djalalova, I (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. EM Irina.V.Djalalova@noaa.gov RI Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; pagowski, mariusz/H-4498-2013; McKeen, Stuart/H-9516-2013; grell, georg/B-6234-2015; Lee, Pius/D-5201-2016; Tang, Youhua/D-5205-2016 OI pagowski, mariusz/0000-0002-7703-0529; grell, georg/0000-0001-5214-8742; Tang, Youhua/0000-0001-7089-7915 FU NOAA/NWS Office of Science and Technology; NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research/Weather and Air Quality Program FX This research is partially funded by Early Start Funding from the NOAA/NWS Office of Science and Technology, and the NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research/Weather and Air Quality Program. Credit for program support and management is given to Paula Davidson (NOAH/NWS/OST) and Jim Meagher (NOAA/ESRL/CSD). We also thank Dr. D.Kang and the anonymous reviewer for valuable comments on this paper. NR 30 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 44 IS 4 BP 455 EP 467 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.11.007 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 556TD UT WOS:000274614300002 ER PT J AU Govindaswamy, S Vane, LM AF Govindaswamy, Shekar Vane, Leland M. TI Multi-stage continuous culture fermentation of glucose-xylose mixtures to fuel ethanol using genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae 424A SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Continuous fermentation; Mixed sugar fermentation (MSF); Ethanol production; Sugar utilization; Saccharomyces cerevisiae 424A-LNH-ST ID FERMENTING YEAST; STRAIN; COFERMENTATION; PRETREATMENT; PERFORMANCE; STABILITY; BIOMASS AB Multi-stage continuous (chemostat) culture fermentation (MCCF) with variable fermentor volumes was carried out to study the utilization of glucose and xylose for ethanol production via mixed sugar fermentation (MSF). Variable fermentor volumes were used to enable enhanced sugar utilization, accounting for differences in glucose and xylose utilization rates. Saccharomyces cerevisiae 424A-LNH-ST was used for fermentation of glucose-xylose mixtures. The dilution rates employed for continuous fermentation were based on earlier batch kinetic studies of ethanol production and sugar utilization. With a feed containing approximately 30 g L(-1) glucose and 15 g L(-1) xylose, cell washout was observed at a dilution rate of 0.8 h(-1). At dilution rates below 0.5 h(-1), complete glucose utilization was observed. Xylose consumption in the first-stage 1 L reactor was only 37% at the lowest dilution rate studied, 0.05 h(-1). At this same flow rate, xylose consumption rose to 69% after subsequently passing through 3 and I L reactors in series, primarily due to the longer residence time in the 3 L reactor (0.0167 h(-1) dilution rate). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vane, Leland M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Govindaswamy, Shekar] US EPA Test & Evaluat Facil, Lakeshore Engn Serv, Cincinnati, OH 45204 USA. RP Vane, LM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,M-S 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Vane.Leland@epa.gov NR 28 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 101 IS 4 BP 1277 EP 1284 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.042 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 523KJ UT WOS:000272071800024 PM 19811910 ER PT J AU Dzubow, RB Makris, S Scott, CS Barone, S AF Dzubow, Rebecca Brown Makris, Susan Scott, Cheryl Siegel Barone, Stanley, Jr. TI Early Lifestage Exposure and Potential Developmental Susceptibility to Tetrachloroethylene SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE tetrachloroethylene; childhood; development; lifestage; neurotoxicity; immunotoxicity; cancer ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; DRY-CLEANING WORKERS; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; IDENTIFY CRITICAL WINDOWS; PUBLIC DRINKING-WATER; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION; MATERNAL OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; VISUAL CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; HUMAN FETAL LIVER AB BACKGROUND: Tetrachloroethylene, also known as perchloroethylene or "perc", is a highly volatile and lipophilic solvent widely used in dry cleaning, textile processing, and metal-cleaning operations. The limited epidemiological and toxicological data available for exposure to perc during developmental lifestages, as well as the evidence for critical windows of exposure, highlight early life as a period of potential susceptibility. METHODS: A literature search was performed to identify all peer-reviewed epidemiological and toxicologial studies examining outcomes from early lifestage exposure to perc, and reviewed by developmental stage for both exposure and outcome. RESULTS: Exposure scenarios to perc unique to early lifestages include transplacental and breast milk intake, along with inhalation, ingestion, or dermal exposure. Toxicokinetics factors that may influence early lifestage susceptibility to perc, along with existing physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, are described. Adverse outcomes examined include: reproductive outcomes examined prior to conception including reduced fertility, adverse effects on sperm, or altered reproductive hormones; prenatal outcomes examined after exposure prior to conception or prenatally including fetal death, birth defects, and decreased birth weight; postnatal outcomes examined after exposure prior to conception, prenatally, or during childhood including neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, cancer, hepatotoxicity, congential anomalies and mortality; and adult schizophrenia examined after exposure prior to conception. CONCLUSIONS: The limited evidence on early lifestage exposure to perc does not provide sufficient evidence of this sensitive period as being more or less important than exposure at a later lifestage, such as during adulthood. However, there are a number of adverse health effects observed uniquely in early lifestages, and increased sensitivity to visual system deficits is suggested in children. Other outcomes observed in adults may not have been adequately assessed in children to directly compare sensitivity Birth Defects Res (Part B) 89:50-65, 2010. Published 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 [Dzubow, Rebecca Brown; Makris, Susan; Scott, Cheryl Siegel; Barone, Stanley, Jr.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Dzubow, RB (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Mailcode 8623-P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM brown.rebecca@epa.gov NR 193 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 15 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1542-9733 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 89 IS 1 SI SI BP 50 EP 65 DI 10.1002/bdrb.20222 PG 16 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 564MH UT WOS:000275218400008 ER PT J AU Kitchin, KT Conolly, R AF Kitchin, Kirk T. Conolly, Rory TI Arsenic-Induced Carcinogenesis-Oxidative Stress as a Possible Mode of Action and Future Research Needs for More Biologically Based Risk Assessment SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review ID DOSE-RESPONSE MODEL; METHYLATED TRIVALENT ARSENICALS; DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID; DRINKING-WATER; DNA-DAMAGE; PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL; CANCER-MORTALITY; HUMAN RELEVANCE; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; TRIMETHYLARSINE OXIDE AB Exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) induces cancer in human lungs, urinary bladder, skin, kidney, and liver, with the majority of deaths from lung and bladder cancer. To date, cancer risk assessments for iAs have not relied on mechanistic data, as we have lacked sufficient understanding of arsenic's pharmacokinetics and mode(s) of carcinogenic action (MOA). Furthermore, while there are vast amounts of toxicological data on iAs, relatively little of it has been collected using experimental designs that efficiently support development of biologically based dose-response (BBDR) models and subsequently risk assessment. This review outlines an efficient approach to the development of a BBDR model for iAs that would reduce uncertainties in its cancer risk assessment. This BBDR-based approach is illustrated by using oxidative stress as the carcinogenic MOA for iAs but would be generically applicable to other MOAs. Six major research needs that will facilitate BBDR model development for arsenic-induced cancer are (1) MOA research, which is needed to reduce the uncertainty in risk assessment; (2) development and integration of the pharmacodynamic component (MOA) of the BBDR model; (3) dose-response and extrapolation model selection; (4) the determination of internal human speciated arsenical concentrations to improve physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models; (5) animal models of arsenic carcinogenesis; and (6) the determination of the low dose human relationship for death from cancer, particularly in lungs and urinary bladder. The major parts of the BBDR model are arsenic exposure, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model, reactive species, antioxidant defenses, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, growth factors, transcription factors, DNA damage, chromosome damage, cell proliferation, mutation accumulation, and cancer. The BBDR model will need to be developed Concurrently with data collection so that model uncertainties can be identified and addressed through an iterative process of targeted additional research. C1 [Kitchin, Kirk T.; Conolly, Rory] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kitchin, KT (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mail Drop B143-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kitchin.kirk@epa.gov RI Bell, Tiffany/F-4403-2010 NR 60 TC 99 Z9 105 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 23 IS 2 BP 327 EP 335 DI 10.1021/tx900343d PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 555QU UT WOS:000274529400005 PM 20035570 ER PT J AU Mohapatra, DP Brar, SK Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Mohapatra, D. P. Brar, S. K. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Physico-chemical pre-treatment and biotransformation of wastewater and wastewater Sludge - Fate of bisphenol A SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Review DE Bisphenol A; Heavy metal; Pre-treatment; Rheological behavior; Thermodynamical behavior; Value-added products ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS FERMENTATION; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES; SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; RECOMBINANT YEAST ASSAY; BROMINATED BY-PRODUCTS; PERSONAL-CARE PRODUCTS AB Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disrupting compound largely used in plastic and paper industry, ends up in aquatic systems via wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) among other sources. The identification and quantification of BPA in wastewater (WW) and wastewater sludge (WWS) is of major interest to assess the endocrine activity of treated effluent discharged into the environment. Many treatment technologies, including various pre-treatment methods, such as hydrolysis, Fenton oxidation, peroxidation, ultrasonication and ozonation have been developed in order to degrade BPA in WW and WWS and for the production of WWS based value-added products (VAPs). WWS based VAPs, such as biopesticides, bioherbicides, biofertilizers, bioplastics and enzymes are low cost biological alternatives that can compete with chemicals or other cost intensive biological products in the current markets. However, this field application is disputable due to the presence of these organic compounds which has been discussed with a perspective of simultaneous degradation. The pre-treatment produces an impact on rheology as well as value-addition which has been reviewed in this paper. Various analytical techniques available for the detection of BPA in WW and WWS are also discussed. Presence of heavy metals and possible thermodynamical behavior of the compound in WW and WWS can have major impact on BPA removal, which is also included in the review. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mohapatra, D. P.; Brar, S. K.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Brar, SK (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM satinder.brar@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A4984, 355254, STP235071]; INRS-ETE FX The authors are sincerely thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Grants A4984 and 355254, STP235071, Canada Research Chair) and INRS-ETE for financial support. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be construed as opinions of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 250 TC 83 Z9 90 U1 6 U2 94 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2010 VL 78 IS 8 BP 923 EP 941 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.053 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 568LD UT WOS:000275522900001 PM 20083294 ER PT J AU Weinstein, JP Hedges, SR Kimbrough, S AF Weinstein, Jason P. Hedges, Scott R. Kimbrough, Sue TI Characterization and aerosol mass balance of PM2.5 and PM10 collected in Conakry, Guinea during the 2004 Harmattan period SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Conakry; Guinea; Harmattan; Particulate matter; XRF ID ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION; PARTICULATE MATTER; DUST; FINE AB Background PM2.5 and PM10 levels were determined during Harmattan (West African wind blown dust) at a background site in Conakry, Guinea. The study was conducted from January to February, 2004 when Harmattan dust appeared to be most pronounced. PM2.5 concentrations at the Nongo American housing compound ranged from 38 mu g m(-3) to 177 mu g m(-3), and PM10 ranged from 80 mu g m(-3) to 358 mu g m(-3). exceeding standards set by EPA and European Commission Environment Directorate-General. PTFE filter samples were analyzed for insoluble and soluble inorganic constituents by XRF and IC, respectively. Sulfur and associated SO42- concentrations were notably consistent among PM2.5 and PM10 samples which marked a relatively stable S background signal from anthropogenic sources. Enrichment factor (EF) analysis and aerosol mass reconstruction (AMR) techniques were used to isolate potential PM source contributors. The EF's for SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and MnO were near unity which suggests a crustal origin for these elements. EF's for Na2O and K2O were above unity and highly variable, these elements were elevated due to widespread mangrove wood combustion as a fuel source in Conakry. The EF's for Cr were notably high with a median of 7 and interquartile range from 5 to 16, the elevated levels were attributed to unregulated point source and mobile source emitters in and around Conakry. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Weinstein, Jason P.; Kimbrough, Sue] US EPA, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Hedges, Scott R.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Weinstein, JP (reprint author), US EPA, MD-E205-03,109 Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM weinstein.jason@epa.gov OI Kimbrough, Evelyn Sue/0000-0002-7246-0255 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2010 VL 78 IS 8 BP 980 EP 988 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.022 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 568LD UT WOS:000275522900007 PM 20045175 ER PT J AU Nagarnaik, PM Mills, MA Boulanger, B AF Nagarnaik, P. M. Mills, M. A. Boulanger, B. TI Concentrations and mass loadings of hormones, alkylphenols, and alkylphenol ethoxylates in healthcare facility wastewaters SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Healthcare; Wastewater; EDC; Hormones; Alkyphenol; Mass loading ID WATER TREATMENT PLANTS; MUNICIPAL WASTE-WATER; SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; NONYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATES; DEGRADATION-PRODUCTS; NONIONIC SURFACTANTS; STEROID-HORMONES; FATE; SLUDGE; OCTYLPHENOL AB Healthcare facility wastewaters are an anticipated source of known endocrine disrupting chemicals to the environment. In this study, the composition and magnitude of eight steroid hormones, octylphenol (OP). nonylphenol (NP), 16 nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs), and 10 octylphenol ethoxylates (OPEOs) in wastewater from a(n) hospital, nursing facility, assisted living facility, and independent living facility are presented. Steroid hormone concentrations were variable for each sampling location, ranging from a non-detectable concentration of 17 beta-ethynylestradiol in all samples to 127 ng L(-1) androstenedione in the hospital's wastewater composite. OP and NP were not detected in any site's samples. However, NPEOs were found at each sampling location with a maximum combined concentration of 260 mu g L(-1) for NPEOs with a chain length between 3 and 18 units in the assisted living facility composite sample. OPEOs were only found in the hospital and nursing facilities samples with a maximum combined OPEO concentration of 13 mu g L(-1) for OPEOs with a chain length between 2 and 12 units in hospital wastewater. The total mass loading of hormones to the municipal sewer system from each facility ranged from 2.5 mg d(-1) at the assisted living facility to 138 mg d-1 at the hospital. The total mass loading of the alklyphenol ethoxylates (NPEO + OPEO) is considerably higher than the estimated hormone mass loadings, ranging from 1.8 g d(-1) at the independent living facility to 54 g d(-1) at the hospital facility. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nagarnaik, P. M.; Boulanger, B.] Texas A&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, Environm & Water Resources Engn Div, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Mills, M. A.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Boulanger, B (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, Environm & Water Resources Engn Div, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM bboulanger@tamu.edu RI Mills, Marc/C-3449-2017 OI Mills, Marc/0000-0002-0169-3086 FU Texas Hazardous Waste Research Center [067TAM0964]; Texas Engineering Experiment Station; United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors wish to thank Nathan Engel grantee at US EPA's National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Yongui Shan and Karen Koran on-site contractors to NRMRL from Pegasus Technical Services, Inc., Larry Zintek at EPA's Region 5 Central Research Laboratory, and Aditya Bhat from Texas A&M for their help during sample collection and processing. We also wish to thank members of the municipal utility (MP, TO, JG, and JH) who were integral in collecting samples and information at each facility. Funding for this project was provided through the State of Texas as part of the program of the Texas Hazardous Waste Research Center project # 067TAM0964 and the Texas Engineering Experiment Station. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development provided analytical and financial support. This paper has been subjected to the US EPA's administrative review and approved for publication. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the sponsors nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2010 VL 78 IS 8 BP 1056 EP 1062 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.11.019 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 568LD UT WOS:000275522900018 PM 20079514 ER PT J AU Kenneke, JF Ekman, DR Mazur, CS Konwick, BJ Fisk, AT Avants, JK Garrison, AW AF Kenneke, John F. Ekman, Drew R. Mazur, Chris S. Konwick, Brad J. Fisk, Aaron T. Avants, Jimmy K. Garrison, A. Wayne TI Integration of Metabolomics and In Vitro Metabolism Assays for Investigating the Stereoselective Transformation of Triadimefon in Rainbow Trout SO CHIRALITY LA English DT Article DE triadimefon; triadimenol; triazoles; conazoles; rainbow trout; metabolism; metabolomics; stereoisomers; enantiomers; diastereomers; stereoselectivity; exposure ID HEPATIC MICROSOMES; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; ENANTIOSELECTIVITY; PESTICIDES; TOXICITY; FIPRONIL; MYKISS; SAFETY AB Triadimefon is a systemic agricultural fungicide of the triazole class whose major metabolite, triadimenol, also a commercial fungicide, provides the majority of the actual fungicidal activity, i.e., inhibition of steroid demethylation. Both chemicals are chiral: triadimefon has one chiral center with two enantiomers while its enzymatic reduction to triadimenol produces a second chiral center and two diastereomers with two enantiomers each. All six stereoisomers of the two fungicides were separated from each other using a chiral BGB-172 column on a GC-MS system so as to follow stereospecificity in metabolism by rainbow trout hepatic microsomes. In these microsomes the S-(+) enantiomer of triadimefon was transformed to triadimenol 27% faster than the R-(-) enantiomer, forming the four triadimenol stereoisomers at rates different from each other. The most fungi-toxic stereoisomer (1S,2R) was produced at the slowest rate; it was detectable after 8 h, but below the level of method quantitation. The triadimenol stereoisomer ratio pattern produced by the trout microsomes was very different from that of the commercial triadimenol standard, in which the most rat-toxic pair of enantiomers (known as "Diastereomer A") is about 85% of the total stereoisomer composition. The trout microsomes produced only about 4% of "Diastereomer A". Complementary metabolomic studies with NMR showed that exposure of the separate triadimefon enantiomers and the racemate to rainbow trout for 48 h resulted in different metabolic profiles in the trout liver extracts, i.e., different endogenous metabolite patterns that indicated differences in effects of the two enantiomers. Chirality 22:183-192, 2010. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Kenneke, John F.; Ekman, Drew R.; Mazur, Chris S.; Garrison, A. Wayne] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. [Fisk, Aaron T.] Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. [Avants, Jimmy K.] US EPA, Senior Serv Amer, Athens, GA USA. RP Garrison, AW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA USA. EM garrison.wayne@epa.gov NR 28 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 10 U2 44 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0899-0042 J9 CHIRALITY JI Chirality PD FEB PY 2010 VL 22 IS 2 BP 183 EP 192 DI 10.1002/chir.20725 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Organic; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 544CC UT WOS:000273628300001 PM 19418553 ER PT J AU Blanco, I Janciauskiene, S Nita, I Fernandez-Bustillo, E Carcaba, V Gallo, C Alvarez-Rico, M de Serres, F Beridze, N AF Blanco, Ignacio Janciauskiene, Sabina Nita, Izabela Fernandez-Bustillo, Enrique Carcaba, Victoriano Gallo, Cesar Alvarez-Rico, Marlene de Serres, Frederick Beridze, Nana TI Low plasma levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency-related fibromyalgia SO CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cytokines; Fibromyalgia; Genetics ID GENERAL-POPULATION; ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN; CYTOKINES; PAIN; INFECTION; MUSCLE; SPAIN; MICE; PROLIFERATION; ENDOTOXEMIA AB Abnormalities in blood inflammatory markers have been associated with clinical manifestations and the pathogenesis of the fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS); a relationship between inherited alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) and FMS has also been recently raised. In this study, plasma levels of inflammatory markers in FMS patients with and without AATD have been investigated. Blood samples from 138 age-matched females (79 FMS) and 59 general population (GP), with normal MM [n = 82 (59.4%)] and with MS, MZ, SZ, and ZZ AATD genotypes [n = 56 (40.6%)], were analyzed by ELISA for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), soluble TNF alpha receptors I and II, interleukin-8, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Plasma levels of MCP-1, VEGF, and TNF alpha were significantly lower in FMS and GP subjects with AATD compared with those with normal MM-AAT genotypes. Moreover, plasma levels of MCP-1, VEGF, and TNF alpha were lower in AATD subjects with FMS than in those without FMS (P = 0.000, 0.000, and 0.046, respectively). No statistical differences were found for the other substances measured. Furthermore, a logistic regression model based on plasma MCP-1 cutoff value of a parts per thousand currency sign130 pg/ml allowed us to discriminate between FMS and GP subjects with a sensitivity of about 93% and a specificity of 79%. Low plasma levels of MCP-1, VEGF, and TNF alpha are related to AATD, although more markedly in FMS patients. Thus, hypotheses considering FMS as an inflammatory condition related to high plasma levels of inflammatory biomarkers cannot be supported. C1 [Blanco, Ignacio; Carcaba, Victoriano; Gallo, Cesar] Valle Nalon Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Riano Langreo 33920, Principado Astu, Spain. [Janciauskiene, Sabina; Nita, Izabela] Malmo Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Wallenberg Lab, S-20502 Malmo, Sweden. [Fernandez-Bustillo, Enrique] Cent Univ Hosp Asturias, Biostat Unit, Oviedo 33006, Principado Astu, Spain. [Alvarez-Rico, Marlene] Valle Nalon Hosp, Dept Traumatol & Orthopaed Surg, Riano Langreo 33920, Principado Astu, Spain. [de Serres, Frederick] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Environm Toxicol Program, Ctr Evaluat Risks Human Reprod, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Beridze, Nana] Cabuenes Hosp, Dept Pathol, Gijon 33394, Principado Astu, Spain. RP Blanco, I (reprint author), Valle Nalon Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Riano Langreo 33920, Principado Astu, Spain. EM ignacio.blanco@sespa.princast.es; Sabina.Janciauskiene@medforsk.mas.lu.se; izabela.nita@med.lu.se; efbustillo@hca.es; victoriano.carcaba@sespa.princast.es; crisce@igijon.com; maralvarico@yahoo.es; deserres@bellsouth.net; nanarus@terra.es FU Spanish National Health Institute Carlos III; Biohealth Research Office [OIB] of the Principado de Asturias, Spain; Crafoords and Lundstrom Foundations FX This study has been endorsed by the Spanish National Health Institute Carlos III, the Biohealth Research Office [OIB] of the Principado de Asturias, Spain (IB and VC), and by the Crafoords and Lundstrom Foundations (SJ). NR 57 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0770-3198 J9 CLIN RHEUMATOL JI Clin. Rheumatol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 29 IS 2 BP 189 EP 197 DI 10.1007/s10067-009-1318-5 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 536FZ UT WOS:000273031600008 PM 19924498 ER PT J AU Greenberg, R Olsen, BJ Etterson, MA AF Greenberg, Russell Olsen, Brian J. Etterson, Matthew A. TI PATTERNS OF SEASONAL ABUNDANCE AND SOCIAL SEGREGATION IN INLAND AND COASTAL PLAIN SWAMP SPARROWS IN A DELAWARE TIDAL MARSH SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE migration; subspecies; Melospiza georgiana; tidal marsh; social segregation; geographic variation; species recognition; Swamp Sparrow ID HYBRID ZONES; FLYCATCHERS; RANGE AB The Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrow (Melospiza georgiana nigrescens) breeds in coastal marshes of the mid-Atlantic United States. During the nonbreeding season, these marshes are occupied by this subspecies and the two interior-breeding subspecies M. g. georgiana and M. g. ericrypta (collectively, interior Swamp Sparrows). From September to May, 2005-2006 and 2007-2008, we surveyed marshes in which nigrescens breeds; > 90% of these birds had been color-banded by the end of the previous breeding season. This allowed us to determine the nonbreeding occupancy of the breeding site by individuals that bred locally, Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrows that did not breed there, and interior Swamp Sparrows. Locally breeding birds disappeared from the breeding site by mid-October, although nonlocal nigrescens occupied it from October to late November. Locally breeding birds reappeared in April without any pulse of migration of nigrescens. Interior-breeding sparrows were abundant in the autumn and appeared in smaller numbers later in the nonbreeding season. The seasonal pattern of nigrescens was similar in both years, and its departure and arrival dates appear to coincide with changes in the frequency of freezing temperatures. The temporal pattern of interior Swamp Sparrows in the two years was more varied. Finally, during the autumn peak of Swamp Sparrow migration, the subspecies tended strongly to segregate in subspecies-specific flocks, suggesting that Swamp Sparrows preferentially interact with morphologically similar birds, a behavior which may have implications for divergence in species recognition mechanisms and speciation. C1 [Greenberg, Russell] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Olsen, Brian J.] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME 04473 USA. [Etterson, Matthew A.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55803 USA. RP Greenberg, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM greenbergr@si.edu OI Olsen, Brian/0000-0001-5608-2779 NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0010-5422 EI 1938-5129 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD FEB PY 2010 VL 112 IS 1 BP 159 EP 167 DI 10.1525/cond.2010.080060 PG 9 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 576ED UT WOS:000276126200017 ER PT J AU Aylward, LL Morgan, MK Arbuckle, TE Barr, DB Burns, CJ Alexander, BH Hays, SM AF Aylward, Lesa L. Morgan, Marsha K. Arbuckle, Tye E. Barr, Dana B. Burns, Carol J. Alexander, Bruce H. Hays, Sean M. TI Biomonitoring Data for 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in the United States and Canada: Interpretation in a Public Health Risk Assessment Context Using Biomonitoring Equivalents SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; biomonitoring; exposure biomarkers; exposure monitoring; risk assessment ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMA; HERBICIDE EXPOSURE; CHILDRENS EXPOSURE; EXPERT WORKSHOP; ONTARIO FARMS; 2,4-D; URINARY; GUIDELINES; FAMILIES AB BACKGROUND: Several extensive studies of exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) using urinary concentrations in samples front the general population, farm applicators, and farm family members are now available. Reference doses (RfDs) exist for 2,4-D, and Biomonitoring Equivalents (BEs; concentrations in urine or plasma that are consistent with those RfDs) for 2,4-D have recently been derived and published. OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the available biomonitoring data for 2,4-D from the United States and Canada and compared them with BE values to draw conclusions regarding the margin of safety for 2,4-D exposures within each population group. DATA SOURCES: Data on urinary 2,4-D excretion in general and target populations from recent published Studies are tabulated and the derivation of BE values for 2,4-D summarized. DATA SYNTHESIS: The biomonitoring data indicate margins of safety (ratio of BE value to biomarker concentration) of approximately 200 at the central tendency, and 50 at the extremes in the general Population. Median exposures for applicators and their family members during periods of use appear to be well within acute exposure guidance values. CONCLUSIONS: Biomonitoring data from these studies indicate that current exposures to, 2,4-D are below applicable exposure guidance values. This review demonstrates the value of biomonitoring data in assessing population exposures in the context of existing risk assessments using the BE approach. Risk managers can use this approach to integrate the available biomonitoring data into an overall assessment of current risk management practices for 2,4-D. C1 [Aylward, Lesa L.] Summit Toxicol LLP, Falls Church, VA 22044 USA. [Morgan, Marsha K.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Arbuckle, Tye E.] Hlth Canada, Environm Hlth Sci & Res Bur, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Barr, Dana B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Burns, Carol J.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Alexander, Bruce H.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Hays, Sean M.] Summit Toxicol LLP, Lyons, CO USA. RP Aylward, LL (reprint author), Summit Toxicol LLP, 6343 Carolyn Dr, Falls Church, VA 22044 USA. EM laylward@summittoxicology.com RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013; OI Aylward, Lesa/0000-0003-3191-8175 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development; Industry Task Force II on 2,4-D Research Data; Dow Chemical Company FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development Funded and managed some of the research described here.; L.L.A. and S.M.H. received funding to support preparation of this review from the Industry Task Force II on 2,4-D Research Data. C.J.B. is employed by the Dow Chemical Company, which manufactures 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. B.H.A. was a researcher oil the Farm Family Exposure Study, which was funded in part by the Dow Chemical Company. NR 40 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 118 IS 2 BP 177 EP 181 DI 10.1289/ehp.0900970 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 555BQ UT WOS:000274482400015 PM 20123603 ER PT J AU Hansen, C Luben, TJ Sacks, JD Olshan, A Jeffay, S Strader, L Perreault, SD AF Hansen, Craig Luben, Thomas J. Sacks, Jason D. Olshan, Andrew Jeffay, Susan Strader, Lillian Perreault, Sally D. TI The Effect of Ambient Air Pollution on Sperm Quality SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE air pollution; male reproductive system; O(3); ozone; particulate matter; sperm quality ID SEMEN QUALITY; DIESEL EXHAUST; EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; DNA FRAGMENTATION; MALE-INFERTILITY; EXPOSURE; MEN; PREGNANCY; OUTCOMES AB BACKGROUND: Research has suggested an association with ambient air Pollution and sperm quality. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effect of exposure to ozone (O(3)) and particulate matter < 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5)) on sperm quality. METHODS: We reexamined a previous cohort study of water disinfection by-products to evaluate sperm quality in 228 presumed fertile men with different air pollution profiles. Outcomes included sperm concentration, total sperm per ejaculate (count), and morphology, as well as DNA integrity and chromatin maturity. Exposures to O(3) and PM(2.5) were evaluated for the 90-day period before sampling. We used multivariable linear regression, which included different levels of adjustment (i.e., without and with season and temperature) to assess the relationship between exposure to air pollutants during key periods of sperm development and adverse sperm outcomes. RESULTS: Sperm concentration and count were not associated with exposure to PM(2.5), but there was evidence of an association (but not statistically significant) with O(3) concentration and decreased sperm concentration and count. Additionally, a significant increase in the percentage of sperm cells with cytoplasmic drop [beta = 2.64; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.21-5.06] and abnormal head (beta = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.03-0.92) was associated with PM(2.5) concentration in the base model. However, these associations, along with all other sperm Outcomes, were not significantly associated with either pollutant after controlling for season and temperature. Overall, although we found both protective and adverse effects, there was generally no consistent pattern of increased abnormal sperm quality with elevated exposure to O(3) or PM(2.5). CONCLUSIONS: Exposures to O(3) or PM2.5 at levels below the current National Ambient Air Quality Standards were not associated with statistically significant decrements in sperm outcomes in this cohort of fertile men. However, some results suggested effects on sperm concentration, count, and morphology. C1 [Hansen, Craig; Luben, Thomas J.; Sacks, Jason D.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Olshan, Andrew] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jeffay, Susan; Strader, Lillian; Perreault, Sally D.] US EPA, Off Assistant Administrator, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hansen, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Mail Stop E86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hya2@cdc.gov RI Hansen, Craig /C-7543-2014 OI Hansen, Craig /0000-0002-5227-0155 FU U.S. EPA [R-82932701]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P30ES10126, T32ES007018] FX C.H.'s participation was supported by his appointment to the Postgraduate Research Program administered by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This research was supported in part by grants from the U.S. EPA (R-82932701) and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES10126, T32ES007018). NR 42 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 21 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 118 IS 2 BP 203 EP 209 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901022 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 555BQ UT WOS:000274482400019 PM 20123611 ER PT J AU Xu, Y Hubal, EAC Little, JC AF Xu, Ying Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen Little, John C. TI Predicting Residential Exposure to Phthalate Plasticizer Emitted from Vinyl Flooring: Sensitivity, Uncertainty, and Implications for Biomonitoring SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE biomonitoring; exposure; modeling; phthalates; plasticizers; semivolatile organic compounds; sensitivity; SVOCs; uncertainty ID DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS; AIRBORNE PARTICLES; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; DUST; AIR; POPULATION; HOUSE; EXTRACTION; TOXICOLOGY AB BACKGROUND: Because of the ubiquitous nature of phthalates in the environment and the potential for adverse human health effects, an urgent need exists to identify the most important sources and pathways of exposure. OBJECTIVES: Using emissions of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) from vinyl flooring (VF) as an illustrative example, we describe a fundamental approach that can be used to identify, the important sources and pathways of exposure associated with phthalates in indoor material. METHODS: We used a three-compartment model to estimate the emission rate of DEHP from VF and the evolving exposures via inhalation, dermal absorption, and oral ingestion of dust in a realistic indoor setting. RESULTS: A sensitivity analysis indicates that the VF source characteristics (surface area and material-phase concentration of DEHP), as well as the external mass-transfer coefficient and ventilation rate, are important variables that influence the steady-state DEHP concentration and the resulting exposure. In addition, DEHP is sorbed by interior surfaces, and the associated surface area and surface/air partition coefficients strongly influence the time to steady state. The roughly 40-fold range in predicted exposure reveals the inherent difficulty in using biomonitoring to identify specific sources of exposure to phthalates in the general population. CONCLUSIONS: The relatively simple dependence on source and chemical-specific transport parameters Suggests that the mechanistic modeling approach could be extended to predict exposures arising from other sources of phthalates as well as additional sources of other semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) such as biocides and flame retardants. This modeling approach could also provide a relatively inexpensive way to quantify exposure to many of the SVOCs used in indoor materials and consumer products. C1 [Little, John C.] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Xu, Ying] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Little, JC (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 418 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM jcl@vt.edu RI Little, John/B-4154-2009; Lucas, Elizabeth/E-2733-2010 FU National Science Foundation, Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems [CBFT 0504167] FX Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation, Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems (CBFT 0504167). NR 54 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 4 U2 46 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 118 IS 2 BP 253 EP 258 DI 10.1289/ehp.0900559 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 555BQ UT WOS:000274482400027 PM 20123613 ER PT J AU Breen, MS Breen, M Terasaki, N Yamazaki, M Conolly, RB AF Breen, Michael S. Breen, Miyuki Terasaki, Natsuko Yamazaki, Makoto Conolly, Rory B. TI Computational Model of Steroidogenesis in Human H295R Cells to Predict Biochemical Response to Endocrine-Active Chemicals: Model Development for Metyrapone SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE endocrine-disrupting chemicals; H295R cells; mathematical model; mechanistic computational model; metyrapone; sensitivity analysis; steroid biosynthesis ID IN-VITRO; DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ADRENAL-CORTEX; CHOLESTEROL; IDENTIFICATION; INHIBITORS; PATHWAY; SYSTEM; ASSAY AB BACKGROUND: An in vitro steroidogenesis assay using the human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line H295R is being evaluated as a possible screening assay to detect and assess the impact of endocrine-active chemicals (EACs) capable of altering steroid biosynthesis. Data interpretation and their quantitative use in human and ecological risk assessments can be enhanced with mechanistic computational models to help define mechanisms of action and improve understanding of intracellular concentration-response behavior. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to develop a mechanistic computational model of the metabolic network of adrenal steroidogenesis to estimate the synthesis and secretion of adrenal steroids in human H295R cells and their biochemical response to steroidogenesis-disrupting EAC. METHODS: We developed a deterministic model that describes the biosynthetic pathways for the conversion of cholesterol to adrenal steroids and the kinetics for enzyme inhibition by metryrapone (MET), a model EAC. Using a nonlinear parameter estimation method, the model was fitted to the measurements from an in vitro steroidogenesis assay using H295R cells. RESULTS: Model-predicted steroid concentrations in cells and culture medium corresponded well to the time-course measurements from control and MET-exposed cells. A sensitivity analysis indicated the parameter uncertainties and identified transport and metabolic processes that most influenced the concentrations of primary adrenal steroids, aldosterone and cortisol. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates the feasibility of using a computational model of steroidogenesis to estimate steroid concentrations in vitro. This capability Could be useful to help define mechanisms of action for poorly characterized chemicals and mixtures in support of predictive hazard and risk assessments with EACs. C1 [Breen, Michael S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Breen, Miyuki; Conolly, Rory B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Breen, Miyuki] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Biomath Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Terasaki, Natsuko; Yamazaki, Makoto] Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp, Safety Res Lab, Chiba, Japan. RP Breen, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM breen.michael@epa.gov FU Environmental protection Agency Cooperative Training Program [CT833235-01-0] FX M.B. was supported by the Environmental protection Agency Cooperative Training Program in Environmental Sciences Research with North Carolina State University, Training Agreement CT833235-01-0. NR 39 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 9 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 118 IS 2 BP 265 EP 272 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901107 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 555BQ UT WOS:000274482400029 PM 20123619 ER PT J AU Daniel, FB Griffith, MB Troyer, ME AF Daniel, F. Bernard Griffith, Michael B. Troyer, Michael E. TI Influences of Spatial Scale and Soil Permeability on Relationships Between Land Cover and Baseflow Stream Nutrient Concentrations SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Land cover; Row crop; Spatial scale; Non-point source; Nutrients; Soil permeability; Water quality; Aquatic biotic integrity ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC NITROGEN; GULF-OF-MEXICO; WATER-QUALITY; NORTHWESTERN OHIO; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; PIEDMONT WATERSHEDS; PHOSPHORUS EXPORT; SURFACE WATERS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; UNITED-STATES AB The Little Miami River (LMR) basin, dominated by agriculture, contains two geologically-distinct regions; a glaciated northern till plain with soils three times more permeable than a southern, pre-Wisconsinan drift plain. The influences of two landscape measures, percent row crop cover (%RCC, computed at three spatial scales), and soil permeability (PERM), on baseflow nutrient concentrations were modeled using linear regressions. Quarterly water samples collected for four years were analyzed for nitrate-N (NN), Kjeldahl-N (KN), total-N (TN), and total-P (TP). In till plain streams (n = 17), NN concentrations were 8.5-times greater than drift plain streams (n = 18), but KN and TP were 20-40% lower at comparable %RCC. These differences resulted in TN/TP molar ratios > 80 in till plain streams, but < 6 in drift plain streams. For till plain steams regression models based on %RCC accounted for 79% of the variance in NN concentrations but only 27% in drift plain streams. However, regressions on %RCC accounted for 68-75% of the KN and TP concentration variance in the drift plain streams but essentially none in the till plain. Catchment PERM influenced the regional NN/KN ratios which were 10-fold higher in the drift plain streams. For both till and drift streams the catchment scale %RCC gave the best predictions of NN, a water soluble anion, but the smaller spatial scales produced better models for insoluble nutrient species (e.g., KN and TP). Published literature on Ohio streams indicates that these inter-regional differences in nutrient ratios have potential implications for aquatic biota in the receiving streams. C1 [Daniel, F. Bernard] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Griffith, Michael B.; Troyer, Michael E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Daniel, FB (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM daniel.bernie@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Two anonymous reviewers provided critiques that greatly improved the paper. Finally, we thank Justicia Rhodus, Environmental Science Editor with Dynamac Corporation, for document editing and formatting. NR 82 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 45 IS 2 BP 336 EP 350 DI 10.1007/s00267-009-9401-x PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 553XF UT WOS:000274399400012 PM 19956950 ER PT J AU Yee, SH Barron, MG AF Yee, Susan Harrell Barron, Mace G. TI Predicting coral bleaching in response to environmental stressors using 8 years of global-scale data SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Coral bleaching; Sea surface temperature; Solar radiation; Logistic regression; Model selection; Remote sensing ID POCILLOPORA-DAMICORNIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; REEF CORALS; RADIATION; OCEAN; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CONSERVATION; RESILIENCE; ASSEMBLAGE; PATTERNS AB Coral reefs have experienced extensive mortality over the past few decades as a result of temperature-induced mass bleaching events. There is an increasing realization that other environmental factors, including water mixing, solar radiation, water depth, and water clarity, interact with temperature to either exacerbate bleaching or protect coral from mass bleaching. The relative contribution of these factors to variability in mass bleaching at a global scale has not been quantified, but can provide insights when making large-scale predictions of mass bleaching events. Using data from 708 bleaching surveys across the globe, a framework was developed to predict the probability of moderate or severe bleaching as a function of key environmental variables derived from global-scale remote-sensing data. The ability of models to explain spatial and temporal variability in mass bleaching events was quantified. Results indicated approximately 20% improved accuracy of predictions of bleaching when solar radiation and water mixing, in addition to elevated temperature, were incorporated into models, but predictive accuracy was variable among regions. Results provide insights into the effects of environmental parameters on bleaching at a global scale. C1 [Yee, Susan Harrell; Barron, Mace G.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Yee, SH (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM yee.susan@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency; Gulf Ecology Division [1288] FX We thank D. Santavy for coral expertise, J. Kern for help with statistical analyses, and several reviewers for comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. We are grateful to ReefBase and contributors, particularly the contributions of Atlantic and Gulf Rapid Reef Assessment (AGRRA), for access to data. World map provided by http://alabamamaps.ua.edu. This research has been funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. This is contribution number 1288 from the Gulf Ecology Division. NR 46 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 161 IS 1-4 BP 423 EP 438 DI 10.1007/s10661-009-0758-3 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 541FI UT WOS:000273399900035 PM 19267212 ER PT J AU Wigand, C McKinney, R Chintala, M Lussier, S Heltshe, J AF Wigand, Cathleen McKinney, Richard Chintala, Marnita Lussier, Suzanne Heltshe, James TI Development of a reference coastal wetland set in Southern New England (USA) SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Condition index; Ecosystem service; Erosion control; Eutrophication; Habitat value; Reference set; Salt marsh; Tipping point; Urbanization; Water quality maintenance ID FRINGE SALT MARSHES; RHODE-ISLAND; WAQUOIT BAY; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; ECOLOGICAL CONDITION; GEUKENSIA-DEMISSA; SPECIES RICHNESS; NARRAGANSETT BAY; LEVEL RISE; LAND-USE AB Various measures of plants, soils, and invertebrates were described for a reference set of tidal coastal wetlands in Southern New England in order to provide a framework for assessing the condition of other similar wetlands in the region. The condition of the ten coastal wetlands with similar hydrology and geomorphology were ranked from least altered to highly altered using a combination of statistical methods and best professional judgment. Variables of plants, soils, and invertebrates were examined separately using principal component analysis to reduce the multidimensional variables to principal component scores. The first principal component scores of each set of variables (i.e., plants, soil, invertebrates) significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with both residential land use and watershed nitrogen (N) loads. Using cumulative frequency diagrams, the first principal component scores of each plant, soil, and invertebrate data set were plotted, and natural breaks and best professional judgment were used to rank the first principal component scores among the sites. We weighted all three ranked components equally and calculated an overall salt marsh condition index by summing the three ranks and then transforming the index to a 0-1 scale. The overall salt marsh condition index for the reference coastal wetland set significantly correlated with the residential land use (R = -aEuro parts per thousand 0.87, p = 0.001) and watershed N loads (R = -aEuro parts per thousand 0.86, p = 0.001). Overall, condition deteriorated in salt marshes and their associated discharge streams when subjected to increasing watershed residential land use and N loads. C1 [Wigand, Cathleen; McKinney, Richard; Chintala, Marnita; Lussier, Suzanne] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. [Heltshe, James] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Wigand, C (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. EM wigand.cathleen@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Although the work in this article has been funded wholly by the US Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency level review. Therefore, it does not necessarily represent the views of the Agency. NR 61 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 161 IS 1-4 BP 583 EP 598 DI 10.1007/s10661-009-0770-7 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 541FI UT WOS:000273399900047 PM 19224382 ER PT J AU Landers, DH Simonich, SM Jaffe, D Geiser, L Campbell, DH Schwindt, A Schreck, C Kent, M Hafner, W Taylor, HE Hageman, K Usenko, S Ackerman, L Schrlau, J Rose, N Blett, T Erway, MM AF Landers, Dixon H. Simonich, Staci Massey Jaffe, Daniel Geiser, Linda Campbell, Donald H. Schwindt, Adam Schreck, Carl Kent, Michael Hafner, Will Taylor, Howard E. Hageman, Kimberly Usenko, Sascha Ackerman, Luke Schrlau, Jill Rose, Neil Blett, Tamara Erway, Marilyn Morrison TI The Western Airborne Contaminant Assessment Project (WACAP): An Interdisciplinary Evaluation of the Impacts of Airborne Contaminants in Western US National Parks SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PESTICIDES; DEPOSITION; TROUT; PBDES; PAHS; PCBS; FISH C1 [Landers, Dixon H.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Freshwater Ecol Branch, Corvallis, OR USA. [Simonich, Staci Massey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Jaffe, Daniel] Univ Washington, Bothell, WA USA. [Geiser, Linda] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg Air Program, Corvallis, OR USA. [Campbell, Donald H.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Schwindt, Adam] Ecotox Grp, Denver, CO USA. [Kent, Michael] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Coll Agr Sci & Biomed sci, Coll Vet Med, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hafner, Will] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Seattle, WA USA. [Schreck, Carl] US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR USA. [Taylor, Howard E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Water Resources Discipline, Boulder, CO USA. [Hageman, Kimberly] Univ Otago, Dept Chem, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Usenko, Sascha] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Ackerman, Luke] US FDA, College Pk, MD USA. [Rose, Neil] UCL, Environm Change Res Ctr, London, England. [Blett, Tamara] Natl Pk Serv, Denver, CO USA. [Erway, Marilyn Morrison] Dynamac Corp, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Landers, DH (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Freshwater Ecol Branch, Corvallis, OR USA. EM Landers.Dixon@epamail.epa.gov RI Ackerman, Luke/E-4597-2011; Guenat, Heather/H-6528-2014; Usenko, Sascha/N-8730-2015; OI Ackerman, Luke/0000-0001-6626-3039; Hageman, Kimberly/0000-0001-9187-5256; Usenko, Sascha/0000-0003-3303-2909 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The completion of WACAP represents a tremendous coordinated effort by many individuals to whom we are indebted. An expanded list of acknowledgements is in SI-H. The information in this document has been funded wholly or in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the content reflects the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 11 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 3 BP 855 EP 859 DI 10.1021/es901866e PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 548HD UT WOS:000273950100004 PM 20050680 ER PT J AU Rossmann, R AF Rossmann, Ronald TI Protocol to Reconstruct Historical Contaminant Loading to Large Lakes: The Lake Michigan Sediment Record of Mercury SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-METAL POLLUTION; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; MASS-BALANCE; TRACE-METALS; GREEN BAY; ACCUMULATION; CANADA; FLUXES; CORES; TRENDS AB Samples of opportunity from Pb-210 dated sediment cores collected from Lake Michigan between 1994 and 1996 were analyzed for mercury. The storage of anthropogenic and total(post-1850) mercury in the lake is calculated to be 186 and 228 t, respectively. By setting the sum of mercury stored in a representative core equal to the mercury storage within the entire lake, the time variation of annual mercury loading to the lake is calculated. The modern (1980-2002) mercury flux to the lake represented by the surface of the core at the time of collection in 1994 was 21.4 mu g/m(2)/y. The preindustrial flux (<= 1850) was 3.09 mu g/m(2)/y, and the peak flux in 1946 was 53.3 mu g/m(2)/y. These yield modern and peak enrichment factors of 6.92 and 17.2, respectively. Modern fluxes exceed published atmospheric deposition estimates and,therefore, include terrestrial point sources, atmospheric deposition to watersheds, and atmospheric deposition to the lake. The modern net mercury load to the lake's sediments was 1157 kg/y in 1994. The atmosphere is estimated to contribute 91% of this load directly to the lake. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev,Large Lakes & Rivers Forecasting Re, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div,Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. RP Rossmann, R (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev,Large Lakes & Rivers Forecasting Re, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div,Large Lakes Res Stn, 9311 Groh Rd, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. EM rossmann.ronald@epa.gov NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 3 BP 935 EP 940 DI 10.1021/es902307c PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 548HD UT WOS:000273950100016 PM 20030402 ER PT J AU McMillan, NJ Holland, DM Morara, M Feng, JY AF McMillan, Nancy J. Holland, David M. Morara, Michele Feng, Jinayu TI Combining numerical model output and particulate data using Bayesian space-time modeling SO ENVIRONMETRICS LA English DT Article DE hierarchical Bayesian; space-time modeling; data fusion ID SPATIAL PREDICTION; POLLUTION AB Over the past few years, Bayesian models for combining Output from numerical models and air monitoring data have been applied to environmental data sets to improve spatial prediction. This paper develops a new hierarchical Bayesian model (HBM) for fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) that combines U. S. EPA Federal Reference Method (FRM) PM(2.5) monitoring data and Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) numerical model output. The model is specified in a Bayesian framework and fitted using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques. We find that the statistical model combining monitoring data and CMAQ output provides reliable information about the true underlying PM(2.5) process over time and space. We base these conclusions on results of a validation exercise in which independent monitoring data were compared with predicted values from the HBM and predictions from a standard kriging model based solely on the monitoring data. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [McMillan, Nancy J.; Morara, Michele; Feng, Jinayu] Stat & Informat Anal, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Holland, David M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP McMillan, NJ (reprint author), Stat & Informat Anal, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. EM McMillanN@battelle.org FU U.S. EPA [68-D-02-061] FX The authors thank Jenise Swall, Kristen Foley, and Fred Dimmick for their many helpful comments and suggestions. The research described in this article has been funded in part by the U.S. EPA through Contract Number 68-D-02-061 to Battelle. Although it has been reviewed by the U.S. EPA, it does not necessarily reflect the Agency's policies or views. NR 18 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 19 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1180-4009 J9 ENVIRONMETRICS JI Environmetrics PD FEB PY 2010 VL 21 IS 1 BP 48 EP 65 DI 10.1002/env.984 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA 558UC UT WOS:000274772200005 ER PT J AU Guo, L Shi, Q Dial, S Xia, QS Mei, N Li, QZ Chan, PC Fu, P AF Guo, Lei Shi, Qiang Dial, Stacey Xia, Qingsu Mei, Nan Li, Quan-zhen Chan, Po-Chuen Fu, Peter TI Gene expression profiling in male B6C3F1 mouse livers exposed to kava identifies - Changes in drug metabolizing genes and potential mechanisms linked to kava toxicity SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Drug metabolizing enzyme; Drug metabolizing gene; Gene expression; Kava extract; Microarray; TaqMan assay ID HEPATIC CYTOCHROME-P450; DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS; HUMAN HEPATOCYTES; ORAL TREATMENT; GINKGO-BILOBA; NRF2; EXTRACT; ACTIVATION; RATS; MICE AB The association of kava products with liver-related health risks has prompted regulatory action in many countries We used a genome-wide gene expression approach to generate global gene expression profiles from the livers of male B6C3F1 mice administered kava extract by gavage for 14 weeks, and identified the differentially expressed drug metabolizing genes in response to kava treatments. Analyses of gene functions and pathways reveal that the levels of significant numbers of genes involving drug metabolism were changed and that the pathways involving xenobiotics metabolism, Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response, mitochondrial functions and others, were altered. Our results indicate that kava extract can significantly modulate drug metabolizing enzymes, potentially leading to herb-drug interactions and hepatotoxicity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Guo, Lei; Shi, Qiang; Dial, Stacey] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Syst Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Xia, Qingsu; Fu, Peter] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Biochem Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Mei, Nan] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Genet & Reprod Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Li, Quan-zhen] UTSW Med Ctr, Microarray Core Facil, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Chan, Po-Chuen] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Guo, L (reprint author), US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Syst Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. RI Guo, Lei/E-9232-2011; mei, nan/E-8915-2011; Qiang, Shi/E-6266-2012 OI mei, nan/0000-0002-3501-9014; FU NIH; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX We thank Drs. Frederick A. Beland, Donna Mendrick, James C. Fuscoe, Tucker Patterson, Rick Irwin and Scott Auerbach for their critical review of this manuscript. Dr. Qiang Shi IS Supported by the Research Participation Program at the NCTR administrated by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an Interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the US Food and Drug Administration. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 42 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 48 IS 2 BP 686 EP 696 DI 10.1016/j.fct.2009.11.050 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 561VK UT WOS:000275007700034 PM 19948201 ER PT J AU Scharold, JV Corry, TD Bolgrien, DW Angradi, TR AF Scharold, Jill V. Corry, Timothy D. Bolgrien, David W. Angradi, Ted R. TI Spatial variation in the invertebrate macrobenthos of three large Missouri River reservoirs SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE reservoirs; Missouri River; assessment; bays; oligochaetes; chironomids; Hexagenia ID NATURAL-RESOURCES AB Although benthic macroinvertebrates have been used as indicators of ecological condition for a variety of aquatic ecosystems, large reservoirs present challenges for assessment design. Reservoir embayments may have unique characteristics relevant for assessment, and the reservoirs may include zones that combine the characteristics of lotic and lentic systems. The purpose of this study was to characterize spatial variation in benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages of three large upper Missouri River reservoirs in the USA. A probability design was used to select sample sites from Lake Oahe (North and South Dakota), Lake Sakakawea (North Dakota), and Fort Peck Lake (Montana). Sites were chosen to represent the main stem of each reservoir, as well as small, medium, and large bays. The assemblages in all lakes were dominated by oligochaetes (46-60 % of total organisms) and chironomids (29-49 %). Small and medium bays generally had greater total densities, particularly of chironomids and the burrowing mayfly Hexagenia. Composition and density of the benthos were strongly influenced by depth. Information on the density, distribution, and variability of benthic macroinvertebrates will be used to further refine assessment strategies for large reservoirs. C1 [Scharold, Jill V.; Corry, Timothy D.; Bolgrien, David W.; Angradi, Ted R.] US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Scharold, JV (reprint author), US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM scharold.jill@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors thank A. Olsen for providing the survey design, and B. Poulton, M. Pearson, and M. Starus for helpful comments on the manuscript. Wilson Environmental Laboratories performed taxonomic analyses. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 11 PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGS PI STUTTGART PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 1863-9135 J9 FUND APPL LIMNOL JI Fundam. Appl. Limnol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 176 IS 2 BP 101 EP 113 DI 10.1127/1863-9135/2010/0176-0101 PG 13 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 597MZ UT WOS:000277763300002 ER PT J AU Cohen, MD Sisco, M Prophete, C Yoshida, K Chen, LC Zelikoff, JT Smee, J Holder, AA Stonehuerner, J Crans, DC Ghio, AJ AF Cohen, Mitchell D. Sisco, Maureen Prophete, Colette Yoshida, Kotaro Chen, Lung-chi Zelikoff, Judith T. Smee, Jason Holder, Alvin A. Stonehuerner, Jacqueline Crans, Debbie C. Ghio, Andrew J. TI Effects of metal compounds with distinct physicochemical properties on iron homeostasis and antibacterial activity in the lungs: chromium and vanadium SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on International Biomass Smoke and Health Effects CY AUG 21-22, 2007 CL Missoula, MT SP Ctr Dis Control Prevent, Univ Montana, Ctr Environm Health Sci DE Vanadium; chromium; iron; transferrin; ferritin; Listeria; pulmonary; immunomodulation ID NF-KAPPA-B; PARTICLE SOLUBILITY; BINDING PROPERTIES; HUMAN TRANSFERRIN; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; INHALED CHROMIUM; IN-VITRO; EXPRESSION; COMPLEXES; VANADATE AB In situ reactions of metal ions or their compounds are important mechanisms by which particles alter lung immune responses. The authors hypothesized that major determinants of the immunomodulatory effect of any metal include its redox behavior/properties, oxidation state, and/or solubility, and that the toxicities arising from differences in physicochemical parameters are manifest, in part, via differential shifts in lung iron (Fe) homeostasis. To test the hypotheses, immunomodulatory potentials for both pentavalent vanadium (V(V); as soluble metavanadate or insoluble vanadium pentoxide) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI); as soluble sodium chromate or insoluble calcium chromate) were quantified in rats after inhalation (5 h/day for 5 days) of each at 100 mu g metal/m(3). Differences in effects on local bacterial resistance between the two V(V), and between each Cr(VI), agents suggested that solubility might be a determinant of in situ immunotoxicity. For the soluble forms, V(V) had a greater impact on resistance than Cr(VI), indicating that redox behavior/properties was likely also a determinant. The soluble V(V) agent was the strongest immunomodulant. Regarding Fe homeostasis, both V(V) agents had dramatic effects on airway Fe levels. Both also impacted local immune/airway epithelial cell Fe levels in that there were significant increases in production of select cytokines/chemokines whose genes are subject to regulation by HIF-1 (whose intracellular longevity is related to cell Fe status). Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the role that metal compound properties play in respiratory disease pathogenesis and provide a rationale for differing pulmonary immunotoxicities of commonly encountered ambient metal pollutants. C1 [Cohen, Mitchell D.; Sisco, Maureen; Prophete, Colette; Yoshida, Kotaro; Chen, Lung-chi; Zelikoff, Judith T.] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY USA. [Smee, Jason; Holder, Alvin A.; Crans, Debbie C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Smee, Jason] Univ Texas Tyler, Dept Chem, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [Holder, Alvin A.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Chem & Biochem, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Stonehuerner, Jacqueline; Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Clin Res Branch, Human Studies Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), Human Studies Facil, Campus Box 7315,104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM ghio.andy@epa.gov RI Cjem, Lung-Chi/H-5030-2012; Holder, Alvin/B-6329-2016; OI Holder, Alvin/0000-0001-9618-5297; Chen, Lung Chi/0000-0003-1154-2107 FU NCI NIH HHS [1U19CA105010]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES00260]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM065458, GM40525, R01 GM065458] NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 22 IS 2 BP 169 EP 178 DI 10.3109/08958370903161232 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 544GU UT WOS:000273643300013 PM 19757987 ER PT J AU Marrs, A AF Marrs, Alicia TI WaterSense award winners showcase the way to water savings SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article C1 [Marrs, Alicia] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Marrs, A (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM marrs.alicia@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 0003-150X J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 102 IS 2 BP 61 EP 63 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 564RI UT WOS:000275233600014 ER PT J AU Thornton, S Tanner, S AF Thornton, Stephanie Tanner, Stephanie TI A new reason to sing in the shower SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article C1 [Thornton, Stephanie; Tanner, Stephanie] US EPA, WaterSense Program, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Thornton, S (reprint author), US EPA, WaterSense Program, 1200 Penn Ave NW,4204M, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM thornton.stephanie@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 0003-150X J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 102 IS 2 BP 64 EP 66 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 564RI UT WOS:000275233600015 ER PT J AU Grimsley, LF Horner, WE White, L Mitchell, H Kennedy, S El-Dahr, JM Cohn, R Sterling, Y Mvula, M Stephens, K Lichtveld, M Thornton, E Chulada, P Martin, W AF Grimsley, L. F. Horner, W. E. White, L. Mitchell, H. Kennedy, S. El-Dahr, J. M. Cohn, R. Sterling, Y. Mvula, M. Stephens, K. Lichtveld, M. Thornton, E. Chulada, P. Martin, W. TI Trend Analysis Of New Orleans Outdoor Mold Spore Counts: A Comparison Of Heal Preliminary Data And Post-katrina Mold Concentrations SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 26-MAR 02, 2010 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Grimsley, L. F.; White, L.; Lichtveld, M.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. [Horner, W. E.] Air Qual Sci, Marietta, GA USA. [Mitchell, H.; Kennedy, S.] Rho Inc, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [El-Dahr, J. M.] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Cohn, R.] SRA Int, Durham, NC USA. [Sterling, Y.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Mvula, M.; Stephens, K.] Dept Hlth, New Orleans, LA USA. [Thornton, E.] Visionary Consulting Partners, Washington, DC USA. [Chulada, P.; Martin, W.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 125 IS 2 SU 1 BP AB58 EP AB58 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 629MS UT WOS:000280204100228 ER PT J AU Haynes, AK Sever, M Crockett, PW Jaramillo, R Zombeck, A Crohn, R Zeldin, D AF Haynes, A. K. Sever, M. Crockett, P. W. Jaramillo, R. Zombeck, A. Crohn, R. Zeldin, D. TI Dust Mite Allergen Reduction Study SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 26-MAR 02, 2010 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Haynes, A. K.; Sever, M.; Zeldin, D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Crockett, P. W.; Jaramillo, R.; Zombeck, A.; Crohn, R.] SRA Int, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 125 IS 2 SU 1 BP AB30 EP AB30 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 629MS UT WOS:000280204100120 ER PT J AU Lummus, ZL Yucesoy, B Cartier, A Hershey, GK Gautrin, D Boulet, L Sastre, J Langmeyer, S Kissling, G Luster, M Rao, M Malo, J Tarlo, S Bernstein, DI AF Lummus, Z. L. Yucesoy, B. Cartier, A. Hershey, G. K. Gautrin, D. Boulet, L. Sastre, J. Langmeyer, S. Kissling, G. Luster, M. Rao, M. Malo, J. Tarlo, S. Bernstein, D. I. TI Novel Gene-Environment Associations with Diisocyanate Induced Asthma SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 26-MAR 02, 2010 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Lummus, Z. L.; Langmeyer, S.; Rao, M.; Bernstein, D. I.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Yucesoy, B.; Luster, M.] NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. [Cartier, A.; Gautrin, D.; Malo, J.] Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Hershey, G. K.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Boulet, L.] Univ Laval, Ste Foy, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. [Sastre, J.] Univ Madrid, Madrid 3, Spain. [Kissling, G.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Tarlo, S.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 125 IS 2 SU 1 BP AB357 EP AB358 PG 2 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 629MS UT WOS:000280204100938 ER PT J AU Visness, CM London, SJ Gergen, PJ Mitchell, HE Zeldin, DC AF Visness, C. M. London, S. J. Gergen, P. J. Mitchell, H. E. Zeldin, D. C. TI Obesity is Associated with Asthma Among Atopic as well as Non-Atopic Adults SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY FEB 26-MAR 02, 2010 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Visness, C. M.; Mitchell, H. E.] Rho Fed Syst Div Inc, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [London, S. J.; Zeldin, D. C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Gergen, P. J.] NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 125 IS 2 SU 1 BP AB191 EP AB191 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 629MS UT WOS:000280204100746 ER PT J AU Heidenfelder, B Johnson, M Hudgens, E Inmon, J Hamilton, RG Neas, L Gallagher, JE AF Heidenfelder, Brooke Johnson, Markey Hudgens, Edward Inmon, Jefferson Hamilton, Robert G. Neas, Lucas Gallagher, Jane E. TI Increased Plasma Reactive Oxidant Levels and Their Relationship to Blood Cells, Total IgE, and Allergen-specific IgE Levels in Asthmatic Children SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE asthma; reactive oxidants; oxidative stress; immunoglobulin E; inflammation ID VITRO OXIDATIVE STRESS; RADICAL GENERATION; SUPEROXIDE ANION; DISEASE; EOSINOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; INFLAMMATION; ASSOCIATION; MONOCYTES; PROTEIN AB Asthma is a disorder characterized by inflammation of the airways. Oxidative stress may play a role in the pathophysiology of several diseases including asthma. Characterizing biomarkers of oxidative stress in the context of other systemic measures of immune function or inflammation could provide insight regarding underlying mechanisms inducing asthma. We evaluated whether oxidative stress in the form of plasma reactive oxidants differs between asthmatic and non-asthmatic children and elucidate relationships between plasma reactive oxidants and other asthma-related immunological markers. Plasma reactive oxidants, white blood cell counts. total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), and a multi-allergen-specific IgE screen were measured in 74 asthmatic and 74 non-asthmatic children (9 to 13 years of age) from the Detroit, Michigan area. Plasma reactive oxidants were measured using a lucigenin-based chemiluminescence assay. Plasma reactive oxidants, eosinophils, and neutrophils (absolute counts and percent of total white blood cell counts), total IgE, and allergen-specific IgE levels were elevated in asthmatics after adjusting for age, gender, and ethnicity. IgE (total or allergen-specific), eosinophils and neutrophils were not significantly associated with plasma reactive oxidant levels. The association between plasma reactive oxidants and asthma status was similar when eosinophils, neutrophils, total IgE, or allergen-specific IgE were included as possible confounders in multivariate logistic regression models. In conclusion, plasma reactive oxidants are elevated in asthmatics and appear to be an independent predictor of asthma status. Measurement of plasma reactive oxidants may be a useful adjunct diagnostic tool and potential mechanistic indicator relevant to the study of asthma and asthma exacerbation. C1 [Heidenfelder, Brooke; Johnson, Markey; Hudgens, Edward; Inmon, Jefferson; Neas, Lucas; Gallagher, Jane E.] US EPA, Human Studies Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hamilton, Robert G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Hamilton, Robert G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Gallagher, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Human Studies Div, MD 58 C, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gallagher.jane@epa.gov RI Neas, Lucas/J-9378-2012 NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0277-0903 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD FEB PY 2010 VL 47 IS 1 BP 106 EP 111 DI 10.3109/02770900903435964 PG 6 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA 565EL UT WOS:000275271900018 PM 20100030 ER PT J AU Bauchinger, U Keil, J McKinney, RA Starck, JM McWilliams, SR AF Bauchinger, U. Keil, J. McKinney, R. A. Starck, J. M. McWilliams, S. R. TI Exposure to cold but not exercise increases carbon turnover rates in specific tissues of a passerine SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thermoregulation; stable isotopes; protein turnover; energy metabolism; (13)C incorporation; mean carbon retention time ID CATABOLIC ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; CATBIRD DUMETELLA-CAROLINENSIS; LONG-DISTANCE MIGRATION; STABLE-ISOTOPES; SEASONAL ACCLIMATIZATION; MUSCLE HYPERTROPHY; PECTORALIS-MUSCLE; PROTEIN; BIRDS; DIET AB Carbon turnover differs between tissues within an animal, but the extent to which ecologically relevant increases in metabolism affect carbon turnover rates is largely unknown. We tested the energy expenditure and protein turnover hypotheses that predict increased carbon turnover, either in association with increased daily energy expenditure, or in concert with tissue-specific increased protein metabolism. We used stable-isotope-labeled diets to quantify the rate of carbon turnover in 12 different tissues for three groups of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata): cold-exposed birds kept at ambient temperatures below their thermoneutral zone, exercised birds that were flown for 2 h per day in a flight arena, and control birds that were kept at ambient temperatures within their thermoneutral zone and that were not exercised. We found that increases in metabolism associated with cold-exposure but not exercise produced measurable increases in carbon turnover rate of, on average, 2.4 +/- 0.3 days for pectoral muscle, gizzard, pancreas and heart, even though daily energy intake was similar for exercised and cold-exposed birds. This evidence does not support the energy expenditure hypothesis, and we invoke two physiological processes related to protein metabolism that can explain these treatment effects: organ mass increase and tissue-specific increase in activity. Such changes in carbon turnover rate associated with cold temperatures translate into substantial variation in the estimated time window for which resource use is estimated and this has important ecological relevance. C1 [Bauchinger, U.; Keil, J.; Starck, J. M.] Univ Munich LMU, Dept Biol 2, D-82152 Planegg Martinsried, Germany. [Bauchinger, U.; McWilliams, S. R.] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [McKinney, R. A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Bauchinger, U (reprint author), Univ Munich LMU, Dept Biol 2, Grosshaderner Str 2, D-82152 Planegg Martinsried, Germany. EM ulf@etal.uri.edu RI McWilliams, Scott/B-8728-2013 OI McWilliams, Scott/0000-0002-9727-1151 FU US National Science Foundation [IBN-9984920]; US Dept. Agriculture [538748] FX K. Winiarski and J. K. ran the CF-IRMS under the guidance of R. McKinney at the Atlantic Ecology Division of the US Environmental Protection Agency. We thank W. Goymann (MPIO, Andechs Germany) for facilitating the use of the bomb calorimeter. This project was funded by US National Science Foundation IBN-9984920 (to S. R. M.), and the US Dept. Agriculture grant no. 538748 (to S. R. M.). This is contribution # 5223 for the University of Rhode Island Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 58 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 22 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0022-0949 J9 J EXP BIOL JI J. Exp. Biol. PD FEB 1 PY 2010 VL 213 IS 3 BP 526 EP 534 DI 10.1242/jeb.037408 PG 9 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 545GO UT WOS:000273720700025 PM 20086139 ER PT J AU Gutknecht, W Flanagan, J McWilliams, A Jayanty, RKM Kellogg, R Rice, J Duda, P Sarver, RH AF Gutknecht, William Flanagan, James McWilliams, Andrea Jayanty, R. K. M. Kellogg, Robert Rice, Joann Duda, Paul Sarver, Richard H. TI Harmonization of Uncertainties of X-Ray Fluorescence Data for PM2.5 Air Filter Analysis SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID SPECIATION TRENDS NETWORK AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s PM2.5 Chemical Speciation Network (CSN) and the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network use X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis to quantify trace elements in samples of fine particles less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5). Methods for calculating uncertainty values for XRF results vary considerably among laboratories and instrument makes and models. To support certain types of modeling and data analysis, uncertainty estimates are required that are consistent within and between monitoring programs, and that are independent of the laboratories that performed the analyses and the analytical instrumentation used. The goal of this work was to develop a consensus model for uncertainties associated with XRF analysis of PM2.5 filter samples. The following important components of uncertainty are included in the model described herein: variability in peak area, calibration, field sampling, and attenuation of X-ray intensity for light elements. This paper includes a detailed analysis of how attenuation uncertainties for light elements are derived. For the remaining uncertainty components included in the model, an approach and recommendations are presented to ensure that laboratories performing this type of analysis can use similar equations and parameterizations. By applying this uniform approach, it is illustrated how the uncertainties reported by the CSN and IMPROVE network laboratories can be brought into very good agreement. The proposed method is best applied at the time of data generation, but retrospective estimation of uncertainties in existing data-sets is also possible. This paper serves to document the equations used for calculating the uncertainties in speciated PM2.5 data currently being posted on EPA's Air Quality System database for the PM2.5 CSN program. C1 [Gutknecht, William; Flanagan, James; McWilliams, Andrea; Jayanty, R. K. M.] RTI Int, Environm & Ind Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kellogg, Robert] Alion Sci & Technol Corp, Durham, NC USA. [Rice, Joann] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Duda, Paul; Sarver, Richard H.] Chester Labnet, Tigard, OR USA. RP Flanagan, J (reprint author), RTI Int, Environm & Ind Sci Div, POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM jamesf@rti.org FU RTI International; EPA [68-D-03-038] FX Preparation of this paper was supported by RTI International. This research used data collected under EPA contract 68-D-03-038. The authors are grateful to Robert Willis (EPA); Wayne Watson (ThermoNoran); Paul Wakabayashi, Chuck McDade, and Warren White (Crocker Nuclear Laboratory, University of California-Davis); and John Cooper (Cooper Environmental Services) for providing information about their respective XRF instruments and software. The research described in this article was performed in connection with an EPA contract. This document has been reviewed in accordance with EPA policy and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 60 IS 2 BP 184 EP 194 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.60.2.184 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 552RA UT WOS:000274309900008 PM 20222531 ER PT J AU Menetrez, MY AF Menetrez, Marc Y. TI The Potential Environmental Impact of Waste from Cellulosic Ethanol Production SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; L-ARABINOSE; FERMENTATION; BIOMASS; TECHNOLOGY; INHIBITION; RESISTANCE; TOXINS; XYLOSE; WATER AB The increasing production of ethanol has been established as an important contributor to future energy independence. Although ethanol demand is increasing, a growing economic trend in decreased profitability and resource conflicts have called into question the future of grain-based ethanol production. Growing emphasis is being placed on utilizing cellulosic feedstocks to produce ethanol, and the need for renewable resources has made the development of cellulosic ethanol a national priority. Cellulosic ethanol production plants are being built in many areas of the United States to evaluate various feedstocks and processes. The waste streams from many varying processes that are being developed contain a variety of components. Differences in ethanol generation processes and feedstocks are producing waste streams unique to biofuel production, which could be potentially harmful to the environment if adequate care is not taken to manage those risks. Waste stream management and utilization of the cellulosic ethanol process are equally important components of the development of this industry. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, APPCD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Menetrez, MY (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, APPCD, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM menetrez.marc@epa.gov NR 64 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 11 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 60 IS 2 BP 245 EP 250 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.60.2.245 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 552RA UT WOS:000274309900015 PM 20222538 ER PT J AU Brooks, JR Barnard, HR Coulombe, R McDonnell, JJ AF Brooks, J. Renee Barnard, Holly R. Coulombe, Rob McDonnell, Jeffrey J. TI Ecohydrologic separation of water between trees and streams in a Mediterranean climate SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PREFERENTIAL FLOW PATHS; HYDRAULIC REDISTRIBUTION; WESTERN CASCADES; STABLE-ISOTOPE; DOUGLAS-FIR; FOREST SOIL; DYNAMICS; BASINS; OREGON; ROADS AB Water movement in upland humid watersheds from the soil surface to the stream is often described using the concept of translatory flow(1,2), which assumes that water entering the soil as precipitation displaces the water that was present previously, pushing it deeper into the soil and eventually into the stream(2). Within this framework, water at any soil depth is well mixed and plants extract the same water that eventually enters the stream. Here we present water-isotope data from various pools throughout a small watershed in the Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA. Our data imply that a pool of tightly bound water that is retained in the soil and used by trees does not participate in translatory flow, mix with mobile water or enter the stream. Instead, water from initial rainfall events after rainless summers is locked into small pores with low matric potential until transpiration empties these pores during following dry summers. Winter rainfall does not displace this tightly bound water. As transpiration and stormflow are out of phase in the Mediterranean climate of our study site, two separate sets of water bodies with different isotopic characteristics exist in trees and streams. We conclude that complete mixing of water within the soil cannot be assumed for similar hydroclimatic regimes as has been done in the past(3,4). C1 [Brooks, J. Renee] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Barnard, Holly R.; McDonnell, Jeffrey J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Coulombe, Rob] Dynam Corp, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McDonnell, Jeffrey J.] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Geosci, Aberdeen AB24 3UF, Scotland. RP Brooks, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Brooks.ReneeJ@EPA.gov OI Brooks, Renee/0000-0002-5008-9774 FU US Environmental Protection Agency; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; Oregon State University; Willamette National Forest; Oregon State University Institute for Water and Watersheds; Ford Foundation FX This work was supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency. This manuscript has been subjected to the Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This research was conducted at the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, and we thank USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University and the Willamette National Forest for their support of this research facility. H.B. thanks the Oregon State University Institute for Water and Watersheds and the Ford Foundation for financial support. We thank G. Heinz and M. Johns on for help in field work, W. Rugh and K. Rodecap for isotopic analysis, and J. Selker, D. Williams, L. Hopp and R. Ozretich for helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. NR 29 TC 124 Z9 127 U1 23 U2 135 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 3 IS 2 BP 100 EP 104 DI 10.1038/NGEO722 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 549WY UT WOS:000274086400014 ER PT J AU Johnson, SL Power, JH Wilson, DR Ray, J AF Johnson, Steven L. Power, James Harry Wilson, Derek R. Ray, James TI A Comparison of the Survival and Migratory Behavior of Hatchery-Reared and Naturally Reared Steelhead Smolts in the Alsea River and Estuary, Oregon, using Acoustic Telemetry SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; JUVENILE SALMONIDS; PREDATOR AVOIDANCE; ATLANTIC SALMON; POPULATION-SIZE; MARINE SURVIVAL; COLUMBIA RIVER; PACIFIC SALMON; BROWN TROUT; WILD AB We tracked three groups of steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss smolts implanted with acoustic transmitters to determine whether the degree of hatchery domestication or the juvenile rearing environment (hatchery raceway versus natural stream) influenced migration timing and survival in the Alsea River and estuary, Oregon. Two groups consisted of age-1 smolts reared in concrete raceways. One hatchery-reared group (traditional brood group) was derived from the traditional Alsea River broodstock initially developed in the 1950s. The second hatchery-reared group (new brood group) was derived from naturally reared Alsea River adult steelhead that were captured and spawned at the hatchery beginning in the winter of 2000-2001. The third group (naturally reared group) consisted of age-2 naturally reared smolts captured in a downstream migrant trap located in a tributary stream near the hatchery. We placed transmitters in 74 traditional brood smolts, 76 new brood smolts, and 72 naturally reared smolts. Thirty-one acoustic receivers were located throughout the Alsea River and estuary and in the ocean offshore of the river mouth to monitor smolt movement. We found no significant difference between groups in their survival to the head of tide or to the mouth of the estuary. Most smolts from all three groups were detected at the head of tide (87% of fish from the traditional brood group, 78% from the new brood group, and 84% from the naturally reared group). However, survival was poor in the lower estuary for all three groups; we estimated that only 37% of the traditional brood group, 45% of the new brood group, and 47% of the naturally reared group survived to the ocean. The timing of migration through the river was highly variable in all three groups, and we found no significant differences in the rate of downstream movement from the release site to the head of tide. Mean residence time within the estuary was similar for all groups, although smolts from the naturally reared group showed less variability in estuary residence time than hatchery-reared smolts. C1 [Johnson, Steven L.; Wilson, Derek R.; Ray, James] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Power, James Harry] US EPA, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Johnson, SL (reprint author), Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, 2040 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM steve.johnson@oregonstate.edu RI Power, James/A-1977-2010 OI Power, James/0000-0001-7745-798X FU ODFW Fish Restoration and Enhancement Program; Oregon Hatchery Research Center; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We wish to express our thanks to Bob Buckman, Mary Buckman, Shaun Clements, David Jepsen, Chris Lorion, and Mario Solazzi for providing useful reviews that improved the initial manuscript. We also thank Lucas Nipp, David Beugli, Una Monaghan, and Bill Ratliff for able field assistance in placing and downloading the estuary receivers. Polly Rankin of ODFW gave generously of her time, expertise, and equipment to help us successfully place the offshore receivers. This research was funded by the ODFW Fish Restoration and Enhancement Program, the Oregon Hatchery Research Center, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 45 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 30 IS 1 BP 55 EP 71 DI 10.1577/M08-224.1 PG 17 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 588ZR UT WOS:000277113900006 ER PT J AU Guo, L Mei, N Liao, W Chan, PC Fu, PP AF Guo, Lei Mei, Nan Liao, Wayne Chan, Po-Chuen Fu, Peter P. TI Ginkgo Biloba Extract Induces Gene Expression Changes in Xenobiotics Metabolism and the Myc-Centered Network SO OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HERBAL DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS; HUMAN CYTOCHROMES P450; ST-JOHNS-WORT; C-MYC; BOTANICAL SUPPLEMENTATION; PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; DRUG INTERACTIONS; ORAL TREATMENT; KAVA EXTRACT; PHASE-I AB The use of herbal dietary supplements in the United States is rapidly growing, and it is crucial that the quality and safety of these preparations be ensured. To date, it is still a challenge to determine the mechanisms of toxicity induced by mixtures containing many chemical components, such as herbal dietary supplements. We previously proposed that analyses of the gene expression profiles using microarrays in the livers of rodents treated with herbal dietary supplements is a potentially practical approach for understanding the mechanism of toxicity. In this study, we utilized microarrays to analyze gene expression changes in the livers of male B6C3F1 mice administered Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) by gavage for 2 years, and to determine pathways and mechanisms associated with GBE treatments. Analysis of 31,802 genes revealed that there were 129, 289, and 2,011 genes significantly changed in the 200, 600, and 2,000 mg/kg treatment groups, respectively, when compared with control animals. Drug metabolizing genes were significantly altered in response to GBE treatments. Pathway and network analyses were applied to investigate the gene relationships, functional clustering, and mechanisms involved in GBE exposure. These analyses indicate alteration in the expression of genes coding for drug metabolizing enzymes, the NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response pathway, and the Myc gene-centered network named "cell cycle, cellular movement, and cancer" were found. These results indicate that Ginkgo biloba-related drug metabolizing enzymes may cause herb-drug interactions and contribute to hepatotoxicity. In addition, the outcomes of pathway and network analysis may be used to elucidate the toxic mechanisms of Ginkgo biloba. C1 [Guo, Lei] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Syst Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Mei, Nan] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Genet & Reprod Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Liao, Wayne] PhalanxBio Inc, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Chan, Po-Chuen] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Fu, Peter P.] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Biochem Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. RP Guo, L (reprint author), US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Syst Toxicol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. EM lei.guo@fda.hhs.gov; peter.fu@fda.hhs.gov RI Guo, Lei/E-9232-2011; mei, nan/E-8915-2011 OI mei, nan/0000-0002-3501-9014 FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX We thank Drs. Tucker A. Patterson and James C. Fuscoe for their critical review of this manuscript. This article is not an official guidance or policy statement of the National Toxicology Program (NTP) or U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). No official support or endorsement by the FDA or NTP is intended or should be inferred. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 58 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1536-2310 J9 OMICS JI OMICS PD FEB PY 2010 VL 14 IS 1 BP 75 EP 90 DI 10.1089/omi.2009.0115 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 554GO UT WOS:000274423700004 PM 20141330 ER PT J AU Montgomery, MP Kamel, F Pericak-Vance, MA Haines, JL Postel, EA Agarwal, A Richards, M Scott, WK Schmidt, S AF Montgomery, Martha P. Kamel, Freya Pericak-Vance, Margaret A. Haines, Jonathan L. Postel, Eric A. Agarwal, Anita Richards, Marie Scott, William K. Schmidt, Silke TI Overall Diet Quality and Age-Related Macular Degeneration SO OPHTHALMIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AHEI alternate healthy eating index; AMD age-related macular degeneration; HEI healthy eating index ID MAJOR CHRONIC DISEASE; HEALTHY EATING INDEX; GUIDELINES-FOR-AMERICANS; FISH INTAKE; MEDITERRANEAN DIET; PRIMARY PREVENTION; RISK; MACULOPATHY; ADHERENCE; FAT AB Purpose: To examine overall diet quality in relation to advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: This case-control study identified 437 advanced AMD patients and 259 unrelated controls using stereoscopic color fundus photographs. Participants were predominantly non-Hispanic White men and women from North Carolina and Tennessee. A 97-item Block food frequency questionnaire was used to gather diet information, and overall diet quality was measured using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). Results: Participants in the highest quartile of diet quality had significantly reduced odds of AMD according to the AHEI score (0.54, 95% confidence interval 0.30-0.99) and non-significantly reduced odds of AMD according to the HEI (0.75, 0.41-1.38). Odds of AMD were also 51% lower in the highest quartile of fish intake compared to the lowest quartile (odds ratio = 0.49, 0.26-0.90). Conclusions: We found that advanced AMD was significantly related to overall diet quality. The AHEI score may be a useful instrument for assessing AMD risk due to diet, and it could potentially be improved by incorporating more specific information regarding micronutrient intake. C1 [Schmidt, Silke] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Human Genet, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Montgomery, Martha P.; Kamel, Freya; Scott, William K.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Pericak-Vance, Margaret A.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Dr John T Macdonald Fdn, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Pericak-Vance, Margaret A.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Inst Human Genom, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Haines, Jonathan L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Human Genet Res, Nashville, TN USA. [Postel, Eric A.] Duke Univ, Ctr Eye, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Postel, Eric A.] Duke Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Agarwal, Anita] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Vanderbilt Eye Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Richards, Marie] WESTAT Corp, Durham, NC USA. RP Schmidt, S (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Human Genet, Box 3445, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM silke.schmidt@duke.edu RI Haines, Jonathan/C-3374-2012; OI Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615 FU National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [EY12118]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; General Clinical Research Center [RR 00095] FX William K. Scott and Silke Schmidt are co-senior authors. This study was supported by grant EY12118 from the National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH) and in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. It was also supported in part by a General Clinical Research Center award (RR 00095) to Vanderbilt University. We express our appreciation to all the participants and their relatives who generously participated in the study We thank Kristen Hutchins, Dr. Monica de la Paz, Jennifer Caldwell, Ruth Domurath, Maureen Shaw, and Jason Galloway for participant ascertainment and data management. Drs. Scott and Schmidt had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. NR 43 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0928-6586 J9 OPHTHAL EPIDEMIOL JI Ophthalmic Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 17 IS 1 BP 58 EP 65 DI 10.3109/09286580903450353 PG 8 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 569IX UT WOS:000275590900008 PM 20100101 ER PT J AU Dossa, EL Diedhiou, S Compton, JE Assigbetse, KB Dick, RP AF Dossa, E. L. Diedhiou, S. Compton, J. E. Assigbetse, K. B. Dick, R. P. TI Spatial patterns of P fractions and chemical properties in soils of two native shrub communities in Senegal SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Canopy soil; P fractions; Sahel; Semi-arid; Shrubs; Total C ID PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; SEMIARID SOILS; PEANUT BASIN; TROPICAL SOILS; DYNAMICS; DESERT; NIGERIA; CARBON; AVAILABILITY AB Two shrub species (Piliostigma reticulatum (D.C.) Hochst (Caesalpinioideae) and Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel (Combretaceae) are commonly found in farmers' fields at varying densities in semi-arid Senegal and throughout the Sahel where soils have chronically low phosphorus (P) availability. It seems plausible that shrub litter and the rhizospheres could influence P fractions and other chemical soil properties that affect crop productivity. Thus, a study was done at two sites, on the distribution of inorganic and organic soil P pools, organic C levels, and pH in soil beneath and outside the canopies of P. reticulatum and G. senegalensis (0-30 cm depth). Both sites had low total P ranging from 64 mg P kg(-1) to 135 mg P kg(-1), and low extractable PO(4) (resin Pi) (1-6 mg P kg(-1)) with P fractions dominated by NaOH-P. Organic P (Po) made up about 50% of total P, and most of the organic P (> 60%) was found in the NaOH-P fractions. The labile P, particularly bicarb-Po was higher in soil beneath shrub canopies (8.4 mg P kg (-1)), than outside the canopy (6.2 mg P kg (-1)). Similarly, C, N and P to a lesser extent, were more concentrated beneath shrub canopies. P. reticulatum soil was dominated by the NaOH-Po fraction, whereas G. senegalensis had higher bicarb-Po at one of the study sites. An index of biologically available organic P (Bicarb-Po) / (Bicarb-Po + Bicar-Pi + Resin Pi) was > 60% and indicates that biological processes represent an important part of P cycling in these shrub ecosystems. The differential ability of shrubs in modifying soil chemical properties under their canopies has major implications for biogeochemical cycling of nutrients and C in sandy soils of semi arid Sahelian ecosystems. C1 [Dick, R. P.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dossa, E. L.; Diedhiou, S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Compton, J. E.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Assigbetse, K. B.] IRD, Unite Rech SeqBio, LEMSAT, Dakar, Senegal. RP Dick, RP (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM Richard.Dick@snr.osu.edu FU National Science Foundation [0120732] FX This study was conducted as part of the Coupled Biogeochemical Cycles/Biocomplexity Grant No. 0120732 funded by the National Science Foundation. The authors wish to thank the following people: Pape Omar Dieye, El Hadj Moussa Diop, Younouss Tamba, Mohr Fall and Mahecor Diouf for their assistance in data collection and labwork; Dr. Ibrahima Diedhiou for helping with description of herbaceous vegetation between shrub stands; Joan Sandeno for editorial comments; Dr. Cliff Pereira for statistical assistance; Dr. Kate Lajtha for graciously providing the anion resin strips; Dr. Fred Kizito for providing the bulk density data. NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD FEB PY 2010 VL 327 IS 1-2 BP 185 EP 198 DI 10.1007/s11104-009-0044-8 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 545RS UT WOS:000273754800015 ER PT J AU Tolaymat, TM El Badawy, AM Genaidy, A Scheckel, KG Luxton, TP Suidan, M AF Tolaymat, Thabet M. El Badawy, Amro M. Genaidy, Ash Scheckel, Kirk G. Luxton, Todd P. Suidan, Makram TI An evidence-based environmental perspective of manufactured silver nanoparticle in syntheses and applications: A systematic review and critical appraisal of peer-reviewed scientific papers SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Silver; Nanoparticle; Syntheses; Evidence-based approach ID COLLOIDAL NANOPARTICLES; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; GREEN SYNTHESIS; WATER; GOLD; NANOMATERIALS; GROWTH; NANOCOMPOSITES; OXIDATION; PARTICLES AB Background: Most recently, renewed interest has arisen in manufactured silver nanomaterials because of their unusually enhanced physicochemical properties and biological activities compared to the bulk parent materials. A wide range of applications has emerged in consumer products ranging from disinfecting medical devices and home appliances to water treatment. Because the hypothesized mechanisms that govern the fate and transport of bulk materials may not directly apply to materials at the nanoscale, there are great concerns in the regulatory and research communities about potential environmental impacts associated with the use of silver nanoparticles. In particular, the unlimited combinations of properties emerging from the syntheses and applications of silver nanoparticles are presenting an urgent need to document the predominant salt precursors, reducing agents and stabilizing agents utilized in the synthesis processes of silver nanoparticles to guide the massive efforts required for environmental risk assessment and management. Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to present an evidence-based environmental perspective of silver nanoparticle properties in syntheses and applications. The following specific aims are designed to achieve the study objective: Aim 1 - to document the salt precursors and agents utilized in synthesizing silver nanoparticles; Aim 2 - to determine the characteristics of silver nanoparticles currently in use in the scientific literature when integrated in polymer matrices to form nanocomposites and combined with other metal nanoparticles to form bimetallic nanoparticles; Aim 3 - to provide a summary of the morphology of silver nanoparticles; and (4) Aim 4 - to provide an environmental perspective of the evidence presented in Aims 1 to 3. Methods: A comprehensive electronic search of scientific databases was conducted in support of the study objectives. Specific inclusion criteria were applied to gather the most pertinent research articles. Data and information extraction relied on the type of synthesis methods, that is, synthesized silver nanoparticles in general and specific applications, nanocomposites, and bimetallic techniques. The following items were gathered for: type of silver salt, solvent reducing agent, stabilizing agent, size, and type of application/nanocomposite/bimetallic, and template (for nanocomposites). The description of evidence was presented in tabular format. The critical appraisal was analyzed in graphical format and discussed. Results: An analysis of the scientific literature suggests that most synthesis processes produce spherical silver nanoparticles with less than 20 nm diameter. Silver nanoparticles; are often synthesized via reduction of AgNO(3), dissolution in water, and utilization of reductants also acting as capping or stabilizing agents for the control of particle size to ensure a relatively stable suspension. Two of the most commonly used reductants and stabilizing agents are NaBH(4) and citrate which yield particles with a negative surface charge over the environmental pH range (3-10). The environmental perspectives of these parameters are discussed. Concluding remarks: It is expected that the antibacterial property of bulk silver is carried over and perhaps enhanced, to silver nanoparticles. Therefore, when one examines the environmental issues associated with the manufacture and use of silver nanoparticle-based products, the antibacterial effects should always be taken into account particularly at the different stages of the product lifecycle. Currently, there are two arguments in the scientific literature about the mechanisms of antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles as they relate to colloidal silver particles and inonic silver. Methodologies of risk assessment and control have to account for both arguments. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tolaymat, Thabet M.; Scheckel, Kirk G.; Luxton, Todd P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [El Badawy, Amro M.; Suidan, Makram] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Genaidy, Ash] WorldTek Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Tolaymat, TM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. EM tolaymat.thabet@epa.gov RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU National Risk Management Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development FX This research was funded by the National Risk Management Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development. The paper has not been subjected to the Agency's internal review; therefore, the opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. NR 75 TC 318 Z9 327 U1 30 U2 371 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2010 VL 408 IS 5 BP 999 EP 1006 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.003 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 553KH UT WOS:000274365000001 PM 19945151 ER PT J AU Naeher, LP Tulve, NS Egeghy, PP Barr, DB Adetona, O Fortmann, RC Needham, LL Bozeman, E Hilliard, A Sheldon, LS AF Naeher, Luke P. Tulve, Nicolle S. Egeghy, Peter P. Barr, Dana B. Adetona, Olorunfemi Fortmann, Roy C. Needham, Larry L. Bozeman, Elizabeth Hilliard, Aaron Sheldon, Linda S. TI Organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticide urinary metabolite concentrations in young children living in a southeastern United States city SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Pediatric; Pesticide; Organophosphate; Pyrethroid; Biomarker; Urinary metabolites ID DIALKYL PHOSPHATE METABOLITES; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; 1990/1992 GERES II; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; CREATININE EXCRETION; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; CARE-CENTERS; POPULATION; SPECIMENS; URBAN AB Pesticide metabolites are routinely measured in the urine of children in the United States. Although the sources of these metabolites are believed to include residues in food from agricultural applications and residues from applications in everyday environments (e.g., homes), few studies have been able to demonstrate an association between indoor residential pesticide applications and pesticide metabolite concentrations. To better quantify the effects of potential risk factors related to demographics, household characteristics, occupation, and pesticide use practices on urinary biomarker levels, we performed a study in a city (Jacksonville, Florida) previously determined to have elevated rates of pesticide use. We enrolled a convenience sample of 203 children ranging in age from 4 to 6 years: their caregivers completed a questionnaire and the children provided a urine sample, which was analyzed for a series of organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticide metabolites. The questionnaire responses substantiated much higher pesticide use for the study participants as compared to other studies. Urinary metabolite concentrations were approximately an order of magnitude higher than concentrations reported for young children in other studies. Few statistically significant differences (at the p<0.05 level) were observed, however, several trends are worth noting. In general, mean urinary pesticide metabolite concentrations were higher for males, Caucasians, and those children living in homes with an indoor pesticide application occurring within the past four weeks. Comparing the urinary pesticide metabolite concentrations in this study to those reported in the NHANES and GerES studies showed that the children living in Jacksonville had substantially higher pyrethroid pesticide exposures than the general populations of the United States and Germany. Further research is needed in communities where routine pesticide use has been documented to obtain information on the most important routes and pathways of exposure and to develop the most effective strategies for reducing pesticide exposures for children. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tulve, Nicolle S.; Egeghy, Peter P.; Fortmann, Roy C.; Sheldon, Linda S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Tulve, Nicolle S.; Egeghy, Peter P.; Fortmann, Roy C.; Sheldon, Linda S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barr, Dana B.; Needham, Larry L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Adetona, Olorunfemi] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA USA. [Bozeman, Elizabeth; Hilliard, Aaron] Duval Cty Hlth Dept, Div Environm Hlth & Engn, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Tulve, NS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD-E205-G4, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM tulve.nicolle@epa.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency peer and administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.; Although reviewed and approved by Agency representatives, this manuscript reflects the views of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the United States Environmental Protection Agency. We thank Stephen L Rathbun and Jinae Lee from the University of Georgia for statistical consultations, Carol Rubin, Adrianne Holmes, Roberto Bravo, Sam Baker, Anders Cisson, Pam Olive, Lee-Yang Wong, and Stephanie M. Kieszak-Holloway from the CDC for valuable contributions to the study, Hazel Brown and David Jones from the DCHD for valuable contributions to the study, Carry Croghan from the EPA for valuable contributions to the demographic analyses, Jeff Evans from the EPA for help with Table 1, and the children and their caregivers for participating in this study. NR 31 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2010 VL 408 IS 5 BP 1145 EP 1153 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.022 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 553KH UT WOS:000274365000018 PM 19896164 ER PT J AU Blocksom, KA Walters, DM Jicha, TM Lazorchak, JM Angradi, TR Bolgrien, DW AF Blocksom, Karen A. Walters, David M. Jicha, Terri M. Lazorchak, James M. Angradi, Theodore R. Bolgrien, David W. TI Persistent organic pollutants in fish tissue in the mid-continental great rivers of the United States SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Persistent organic contaminants; Contamination indicators; Upper Mississippi River basin; Fish homogenates ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; FRESH-WATER FISH; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; PISCIVOROUS WILDLIFE; FLAME RETARDANTS; MERCURY; PCBS; ORGANOCHLORINE AB Great rivers of the central United States (Upper Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio rivers) are valuable economic and cultural resources, yet until recently their ecological condition has not been well quantified. In 2004-2005, as part of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program for Great River Ecosystems (EMAP-GRE), we measured legacy organochlorines (OCs) (pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls, PCBs) and emerging compounds (polybrominated diphenyl ethers, PBDEs) in whole fish to estimate human and wildlife exposure risks from fish consumption. PCBs, PBDEs. chlordane, dieldrin and dichlorocliphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) were detected in most samples across all rivers, and hexachlorobenzene was detected in most Ohio River samples. Concentrations were highest in the Ohio River, followed by the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, respectively. Dieldrin and PCBs posed the greatest risk to humans. Their concentrations exceeded human screening values for cancer risk in 27-54% and 16-98% of river km, respectively. Chlordane exceeded wildlife risk values for kingfisher in 11-96% of river km. PBDE concentrations were highest in large fish in the Missouri and Ohio Rivers (mean>1000 ng g(-1) lipid), with congener 47 most prevalent. OC and PBDE concentrations were positively related to fish size, lipid content, trophic guild, and proximity to urban areas. Contamination of fishes by OCs is widespread among great rivers, although exposure risks appear to be more localized and limited in scope. As an indicator of ecological condition, fish tissue contamination contributes to the overall assessment of great river ecosystems in the U.S. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Blocksom, Karen A.; Walters, David M.; Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Jicha, Terri M.; Angradi, Theodore R.; Bolgrien, David W.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Blocksom, KA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Blocksom.karen@epa.gov RI Walters, David/I-4914-2012; OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX We thank the numerous field crews that collected samples, data specialists who managed the information, and laboratory personnel that processed the samples. We thank Brian Hill, Jo Ellen Hinck, and Jeff Thomas for helpful comments and suggestions on an earlier draft of this paper. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 44 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2010 VL 408 IS 5 BP 1180 EP 1189 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.11.040 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 553KH UT WOS:000274365000022 PM 20004005 ER PT J AU Pons-Estel, GJ Alarcon, GS Scofield, L Reinlib, L Cooper, GS AF Pons-Estel, Guillermo J. Alarcon, Graciela S. Scofield, Lacie Reinlib, Leslie Cooper, Glinda S. TI Understanding the Epidemiology and Progression of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SO SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Review DE systemic lupus erythematosus; epidemiology; mortality; disease activity; quality of life; ethnicity; socioeconomic status ID 3 ETHNIC-GROUPS; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; MULTIETHNIC US COHORT; DISEASE-ACTIVITY; SOCIAL SUPPORT; CLINICAL-MANIFESTATIONS; HIGH PREVALENCE; LUMINA COHORT; RISK-FACTORS; IMMUNOLOGICAL FEATURES AB Objectives: This review examines the burden and patterns of disease in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the influence and interactions of gender, ethnicity, age, and psychosocial attributes with respect to disease progression, focusing on issues relevant to clinical practice and research. Methods: PubMed literature search complemented by review of bibliographies listed in identified articles. Results: An increased risk among reproductive age women is clearly seen in African Americans in the United States. However, in other populations, a different pattern is generally seen, with the highest age-specific incidence rates occurring in women after age 40 years. The disease is 2 to 4 times more frequent, and more severe, among nonwhite populations around the world and tends to be more severe in men and in pediatric and late-onset lupus. SLE patients now experience a higher than 90% survival rate at 5 years. The less favorable survival experience of ethnic minorities is possibly related to socioeconomic status rather than to ethnicity per se, and adequate social support has been shown to be a protective factor, in general, in SLE patients. Discordance between physician and patient ratings of disease activity may affect quality of care. Conclusions: Our understanding of ways to improve outcomes in SLE patients could benefit from patient-oriented research focusing on many dimensions of disease burden. Promising research initiatives include the inclusion of community-based patients in longitudinal studies, use of self-assessment tools for rating disease damage and activity, and a focus on self-perceived disease activity and treatment compliance. Published by Elsevier Inc. Semin Arthritis Rheum 39:257-268 C1 [Cooper, Glinda S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Pons-Estel, Guillermo J.; Alarcon, Graciela S.] Univ Alabama, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Scofield, Lacie] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Off Womens Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Scofield, Lacie; Reinlib, Leslie; Cooper, Glinda S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Cooper, GS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 8601-P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM cooper.glinda@epa.gov OI Pons-Estel, Guillermo/0000-0002-0647-929X FU U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Women's Health; The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Lupus Foundation of America FX This article is based on presentations and discussions that took place during the workshop on "Lupus and the Environment: Disease Development, Progression and Flare," which was held in Washington, DC, September, 2005. The concept for this focused workshop was produced by the Federal Interagency Working Group on Women's Health and the Environment and support was provided by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Women's Health, The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and the Lupus Foundation of America. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. EPA, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, or the Office of Women's Health of the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 132 TC 200 Z9 213 U1 3 U2 21 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0049-0172 J9 SEMIN ARTHRITIS RHEU JI Semin. Arthritis Rheum. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 257 EP 268 DI 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2008.10.007 PG 12 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 620KB UT WOS:000279497400004 PM 19136143 ER PT J AU Paul, KB Hedge, JM DeVito, MJ Crofton, KM AF Paul, Katie B. Hedge, Joan M. DeVito, Michael J. Crofton, Kevin M. TI Short-term Exposure to Triclosan Decreases Thyroxine In Vivo via Upregulation of Hepatic Catabolism in Young Long-Evans Rats SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE mode of action; triclosan; thyroid disruption; glucuronyltransferase; sulfotransferase; hepatic transport ID MICROSOMAL-ENZYME INDUCERS; THYROID-HORMONE DISRUPTION; UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE INDUCERS; CONSTITUTIVE ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE PROTEIN-2; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; PREGNANE-X-RECEPTOR; 2,4,4-TRICHLORO-2-HYDROXYDIPHENYL ETHER; BILIARY-EXCRETION AB Triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-phenol) is a chlorinated phenolic antibacterial compound found in consumer products. In vitro human pregnane X receptor activation, hepatic phase I enzyme induction, and decreased in vivo total thyroxine (T4) suggest adverse effects on thyroid hormone homeostasis. Current research tested the hypothesis that triclosan decreases circulating T4 via upregulation of hepatic catabolism and transport. Weanling female Long-Evans rats received triclosan (0-1000 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 4 days. Whole blood and liver were collected 24 h later. Total serum T4, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Hepatic microsomal assays measured ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, pentoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (PROD), and uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase enzyme activities. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of cytochrome P450s 1a1, 2b1/2, and 3a1/23; UGTs 1a1, 1a6, and 2b5; sulfotransferases 1c1 and 1b1; and hepatic transporters Oatp1a1, Oatp1a4, Mrp2, and Mdr1b was measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Total T4 decreased dose responsively, down to 43% of control at 1000 mg/kg/day. Total T3 was decreased to 89 and 75% of control at 300 and 1000 mg/kg/day. TSH did not change. Triclosan dose dependently increased PROD activity up to 900% of control at 1000 mg/kg/day. T4 glucuronidation increased nearly twofold at 1000 mg/kg/day. Cyp2b1/2 and Cyp3a1/23 mRNA expression levels were induced twofold and fourfold at 300 mg/kg/day. Ugt1a1 and Sult1c1 mRNA expression levels increased 2.2-fold and 2.6-fold at 300 mg/kg/day. Transporter mRNA expression levels were unchanged. These data denote important key events in the mode of action for triclosan-induced hypothyroxinemia in rats and suggest that this effect may be partially due to upregulation of hepatic catabolism but not due to mRNA expression changes in the tested hepatic transporters. C1 [Hedge, Joan M.; DeVito, Michael J.; Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Paul, Katie B.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Crofton, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM crofton.kevin@epa.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; EPA/UNC Toxicology Research Program, Training Agreement [CR833237]; National Institute of Environmental Health Science [T32-ES07126] FX Disclaimer: The information in this article has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.; EPA/UNC Toxicology Research Program, Training Agreement (CR833237 to K. B. P.); the National Institute of Environmental Health Science Training grant (T32-ES07126 to K. B. P.). NR 72 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 3 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 113 IS 2 BP 367 EP 379 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfp271 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 545BF UT WOS:000273706200011 PM 19910387 ER PT J AU Emond, C Raymer, JH Studabaker, WB Garner, CE Birnbaum, LS AF Emond, Claude Raymer, James H. Studabaker, William B. Garner, C. Edwin Birnbaum, Linda S. TI A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for developmental exposure to BDE-47 in rats SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PBPK; Pharmacokinetics; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Rat; Developmental exposure; BDE-47 ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; TEMPORAL TRENDS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; MICE; TOXICOKINETICS; DIOXINS AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used commercially as additive flame retardants and have been shown to transfer into environmental compartments, where they have the potential to bioaccumulate in wildlife and humans. Of the 209 possible PBDEs, 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is usually the dominant congener found in human blood and milk samples. BDE-47 has been shown to have endocrine activity and produce developmental, reproductive, and neurotoxic effects. The objective of this study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for BDE-47 in male and female (pregnant and non-pregnant) adult rats to facilitate investigations of developmental exposure. This model consists of eight compartments: liver, brain, adipose tissue, kidney, placenta, fetus, blood, and the rest of the body. Concentrations of BDE-47 from the literature and from maternal-fetal pharmacokinetic studies conducted at RTI International were used to parameterize and evaluate the model. The results showed that the model simulated BDE-47 tissue concentrations in adult male, maternal, and fetal compartments within the standard deviations of the experimental data. The model's ability to estimate BDE-47 concentrations in the fetus after maternal exposure will be useful to design in utero exposure/effect studies. This PBPK model is the first one designed for any PBDE pharmaco/toxicokinetic description. The next steps will be to expand this model to simulate BDE-47 pharmacokinetics and distributions across species (mice), and then extrapolate it to humans. After mouse and human model development, additional PBDE congeners will be incorporated into the model and simulated as a mixture. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Emond, Claude] Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Sante Environm & Sante Travail, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Emond, Claude] BioSimulat Consulting Inc, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Raymer, James H.; Studabaker, William B.; Garner, C. Edwin] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Emond, C (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Sante Environm & Sante Travail, POB 6128,Main Stn, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM claude.emond@umontreal.ca FU EPA [CR830756]; DESE [CT 826513] FX This paper has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL) and EPA, and it has been approved for publication. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of NHEERL and EPA. The authors would like to thank Ms. Heather Farr of RTI International for her help in editing and formatting the manuscript. This work was supported in part by EPA Cooperative Agreements CR830756 and DESE CT 826513. NR 53 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD FEB 1 PY 2010 VL 242 IS 3 BP 290 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2009.10.019 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 546SS UT WOS:000273832500007 PM 19883674 ER PT J AU Scott, L Eskes, C Hoffmann, S Adriaens, E Alepee, N Bufo, M Clothier, R Facchini, D Faller, C Guest, R Harbell, J Hartung, T Kamp, H Le Varlet, B Meloni, M McNamee, P Osborne, R Pape, W Pfannenbecker, U Prinsen, M Seaman, C Spielmann, H Stokes, W Trouba, K Van den Berghe, C Van Goethem, F Vassallo, M Vinardell, P Zuang, V AF Scott, Laurie Eskes, Chantra Hoffmann, Sebastian Adriaens, Els Alepee, Nathalie Bufo, Monica Clothier, Richard Facchini, Davide Faller, Claudine Guest, Robert Harbell, John Hartung, Thomas Kamp, Hennicke Le Varlet, Beatrice Meloni, Marisa McNamee, Pauline Osborne, Rosemarie Pape, Wolfgang Pfannenbecker, Uwe Prinsen, Menk Seaman, Christopher Spielmann, Horst Stokes, William Trouba, Kevin Van den Berghe, Christine Van Goethem, Freddy Vassallo, Marco Vinardell, Pilar Zuang, Valerie TI A proposed eye irritation testing strategy to reduce and replace in vivo studies using Bottom-Up and Top-Down approaches SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO LA English DT Review DE Ocular irritation; In vitro tests; Alternatives ID HET-CAM TEST; RABBIT EYE; VITRO ALTERNATIVES; OCULAR SAFETY; CTFA EVALUATION; CORNEAL INJURY; PHASE-II; VALIDATION; PROGRAM; RECOMMENDATIONS AB In spite of over 20 years of effort, no single in vitro assay has been developed and validated as a full regulatory replacement for the Draize Eye Irritation test. However, companies have been using in vitro methods to screen new formulations and in some cases as their primary assessment of eye irritation potential for many years. The present report shows the outcome of an Expert Meeting convened by the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods in February 2005 to identify test strategies for eye irritation. In this workshop test developers/users were requested to nominate methods to be considered as a basis for the identification of such testing strategies. Assays were evaluated and categorized based on their proposed applicability domains (e.g., categories of irritation severity, modes of action, chemical class, physicochemical compatibility). The analyses were based on the data developed from current practice and published studies, the ability to predict depth of injury (within the applicable range of severity), modes of action that could be addressed and compatibility with different physiochemical forms. The difficulty in predicting the middle category of irritancy (e.g. R36, GHS Categories 2A and 2B) was recognized. The testing scheme proposes using a Bottom-Up (begin with using test methods that can accurately identify non-irritants) or Top-Down (begin with using test methods that can accurately identify severe irritants) progression of in vitro tests (based on expected irritancy). irrespective of the starting point, the approach would identify non-irritants and severe irritants, leaving all others to the (mild/moderate) irritant GHS 2/R36 categories. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Eskes, Chantra; Hoffmann, Sebastian; Zuang, Valerie] European Commiss Joint Res Ctr, ECVAM, Ispra, Italy. [Scott, Laurie] Procter & Gamble Co, Brussels, Belgium. [Adriaens, Els] Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Alepee, Nathalie; Van den Berghe, Christine] LOreal, Aulnay Sous Bois, France. [Bufo, Monica; Vassallo, Marco] Res Pharma Srl, Trezzo Sull Adda, Italy. [Clothier, Richard] Univ Nottingham, FRAME, Sch Biomed Sci, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Facchini, Davide; Hartung, Thomas] INT E GRA, Trezzo Sull Adda, Italy. [Faller, Claudine] Cosmital SA, Maryl, Switzerland. [Guest, Robert] Harlan Labs Ltd, Derby, England. [Kamp, Hennicke] BASF AG, Ludwigshafen, Germany. [Le Varlet, Beatrice] LVMH Parfums & Cosmet R&D, St Jean De Braye, France. [Meloni, Marisa] Vitroscreen SRL, Milan, Italy. [McNamee, Pauline] Procter & Gamble Co, Surrey, England. [Osborne, Rosemarie; Trouba, Kevin] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. [Pape, Wolfgang; Pfannenbecker, Uwe] Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, Germany. [Prinsen, Menk] TNO, Aj Zeist, Netherlands. [Spielmann, Horst] BfR ZEBET, Berlin, Germany. [Stokes, William] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Interagency Ctr Evaluat Alternat Toxicol Methods, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Van Goethem, Freddy] Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceut R&D, Beerse, Belgium. [Vinardell, Pilar] Univ Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. RP Zuang, V (reprint author), EC Joint Res Ctr, Ispra Site,Via E Fermi,2749,TP 580, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. EM valerie.zuang@jrc.it OI Vinardell, Maria Plar/0000-0003-4533-5114 NR 41 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0887-2333 J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO JI Toxicol. Vitro PD FEB PY 2010 VL 24 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.05.019 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 548AA UT WOS:000273930000001 PM 19490935 ER PT J AU Duirk, SE Desetto, LM Davis, GM Lindell, C Cornelison, CT AF Duirk, Stephen E. Desetto, Lisa M. Davis, Gary M. Lindell, Cristal Cornelison, Christopher T. TI Chloramination of organophosphorus pesticides found in drinking water sources SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Organophosphorus pesticides; Monochloramine; Dichloramine; Degradation pathway modeling ID NONMETAL REDOX KINETICS; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; AQUEOUS CHLORINE; MONOCHLORAMINE; TRANSFORMATION; CHLORPYRIFOS; DEGRADATION; DICHLORAMINE; OXIDATION; PATHWAYS AB The degradation of commonly detected organophosphorus (OP) pesticides, in drinking water sources, was investigated under simulated chloramination conditions. Due to monochloramine autodecomposition, it is difficult to observe the direct reaction of monochloramine with each OP pesticide. Therefore, a model was developed to examine the reaction of monochloramine (NH(2)Cl) and dichloramine (NHCl(2)) with chlorpyrifos (CP), diazinon (DZ), and malathion (MA). Monochloramine was found not to be very reactive with each OF pesticides, k(NH2Cl,OP) = 11-21 M(-1) h(-1). While, dichloramine (NHCl(2)) was found to be 2 orders of magnitude more reactive with each of the OP pesticides than monochloramine, k(NHCl2,OP) = 2000-2900 M(-1) h(-1), which is still three orders of magnitude less than the hypochlorous acid reaction rate coefficient with each OP pesticide. For each pesticide, the reactivity of the three chlorinated oxidants was then found to correlate with half-wave potentials (E(1/2)) of each oxidant. With reaction rate coefficients for the three chlorinated oxidations as well as neutral and alkaline hydrolysis rate coefficients for the pesticides, the model was used to determine the dominant reaction pathways as a function of pH. At pH 6.5, OP pesticide transformation was mostly due to the reaction of hypochlorous acid and dichloramine. Above pH 8, alkaline hydrolysis or the direct reaction with monochloramine was the primary degradation pathway responsible for the transformation of OP pesticides. This demonstrates the ability of models to be used as tools to elucidate degradation pathways and parameterize critical reaction parameters when used with select yet comprehensive data sets. (c) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Duirk, Stephen E.; Desetto, Lisa M.; Davis, Gary M.; Lindell, Cristal; Cornelison, Christopher T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Duirk, SE (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, ASEC 210, Akron, OH 44325 USA. EM duirk@uakron.edu NR 25 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 44 IS 3 BP 761 EP 768 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2009.10.012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 571PJ UT WOS:000275766400011 PM 19900689 ER PT J AU Jegadeesan, G Al-Abed, SR Sundaram, V Choi, H Scheckel, KG Dionysiou, DD AF Jegadeesan, Gautham Al-Abed, Souhail R. Sundaram, Vijayakumar Choi, Hyeok Scheckel, Kirk G. Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Arsenic sorption on TiO2 nanoparticles: Size and crystallinity effects SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; TiO2; Speciation ID NANOCRYSTALLINE TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; IRON-OXIDE MINERALS; WATER INTERFACE; ADSORPTION; AS(III); POWDERS; SUSPENSIONS; MECHANISMS; STABILITY; OXIDATION AB Single solute As (III) and As M sorption on nano-sized amorphous and crystalline TiO2 was investigated to determine: size and crystallinity effects on arsenic sorption capacities, possible As (III) oxidation, and the nature of surface complexes. Amorphous and crystalline nanoparticles were prepared using sol-gel synthesis techniques. For amorphous TiO2, solute pH in the range of 4-9 had a profound impact on only As M sorption. As (III) and As (V) sorption isotherms indicated that sorption capacities of the different TiO2 polymorphs were dependent on the sorption site density, surface area (particle size) and crystalline structure. When normalized to surface area, As (III) surface coverage on the TiO2 surface remained almost constant for particles between 5 and 20 nm. However, As M surface coverage increased with the degree of crystallinity. X-ray absorption spectroscopic analysis provided evidence of partial As (III) oxidation on amorphous TiO2 rather than crystalline TiO2. The data also indicated that As (III) and As M form binuclear bidentate inner-sphere complexes with amorphous TiO2 at neutral pH. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Al-Abed, Souhail R.; Choi, Hyeok; Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Jegadeesan, Gautham] Gradient Corp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jegadeesan, Gautham] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Sundaram, Vijayakumar] ECO LOGIC Engn, Rocklin, CA 95765 USA. [Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Al-Abed, SR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM al-abed.souhail@epa.gov RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; Jegadeesan, Gautham/0000-0001-6526-3694 FU National Risk Management Research Laboratory of U.S; EPA, Cincinnati, OH; MRCAT; US DOE - Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This research was funded and conducted by the National Risk Management Research Laboratory of U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH. This paper has not been subjected to the Agency's internal review. Therefore, the research results presented herein do not, necessarily, reflect the views of the Agency or its policy. Mention of trade names and commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. MRCAT operations are supported by the US DOE and the MRCAT member institutions. Facilities at PNC/XOR facilities and its research at APS, Argonne are supported by the US DOE - Basic Energy Sciences, a major facilities access grant from NSERC, University of Washington, Simon Fraser University and APS. Use of the APS is also supported by US DOE - Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors would like to thank Dr. Robert Gordon (PNC/XOR) for his assistance with XAS analysis. NR 26 TC 65 Z9 69 U1 7 U2 75 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD FEB PY 2010 VL 44 IS 3 BP 965 EP 973 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2009.10.047 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 571PJ UT WOS:000275766400034 PM 20022353 ER PT J AU Chilakapati, J Wallace, K Ren, HZ Fricke, M Bailey, K Ward, W Creed, J Kitchin, K AF Chilakapati, Jaya Wallace, Kathleen Ren, Hongzu Fricke, Michael Bailey, Kathryn Ward, William Creed, Jack Kitchin, Kirk TI Genome-wide analysis of BEAS-2B cells exposed to trivalent arsenicals and dimethylthioarsinic acid SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; Oxidative stress; BEAS-2B; Lungs; Genomics; DEGs (differentially expressed genes) ID CYCLIN D1 EXPRESSION; DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID; METHYLATED ARSENICALS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SODIUM ARSENITE; HEME OXYGENASE; DRINKING-WATER; IN-UTERO; TOXICITY; CANCER AB Lung is a major target for arsenic carcinogenesis in humans by both oral and inhalation routes. However, the carcinogenic mode of action of arsenicals is unknown. We investigated the effects of inorganic arsenic (iAsIII), monomethylarsonous acid (MMAIII), dimethylarsinous acid (DMAIII) and dimethylthioarsinic acid (DMTA), a sulfur containing dimethyl arsenic metabolite, in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. Cells were exposed to 3, 15 mu M-iAsIII; 0.3, 1 mu M-MMAIII; 0.2, 1 mu M-DMAIII; 0.2, 0.9 mu M-DMTA as non-cytotoxic and minimally cytotoxic (similar to 20%) concentrations based on Neutral Red uptake assays after 24 h of culture. Total RNA was isolated and gene expression analysis conducted using Affymetrix (R) Human Genome 133 Plus 2.0 arrays. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined using a one-way ANOVA (p <= 0.05) by Rosetta Resolver (R), a Benjamini-Hochberg FDR (false discovery rate) multiple testing correction (<0.05) followed by a Scheffe's post hoc test. For all compounds except DMTA, >90% of DEG altered in the low concentration were also changed at the high concentration. There was a clear dose-response seen in the number of DEGs for all four compounds. iAsIII showed the highest number of DEG at both concentrations (2708 and 123, high and low, respectively). 1749, 420 and 120 DEGs were unique to the high concentrations of iAsIII, MMAIII and DMAIII, respectively. Transferrin receptor is a common DEG in low concentration arsenical treated cells. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (TM) revealed p53 signaling (E2F1 and 2, SERPIN), and cell cycle related genes (cyclin D1) were altered by the high concentrations of DMTA, MMAIII and iAsIII. Oxidative stress (DUSP1, GPX2, NQO1, GCLC) and NF-kappa B signaling (TLR4. NF-kappa B) pathways were changed by the high concentrations of MMAIII and iAsIII. The genes identified in this study can be a valuable tool to determine the mechanism of arsenic toxicity and cancer formation. A number of similarities were observed in the gene expression profiles of DMAIII and DMTA and also iAsIII and MMAIII. These findings reveal some biological effects of arsenicals that will aid in creating a better risk assessment model for arsenical-induced lung cancer. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Wallace, Kathleen; Ren, Hongzu; Bailey, Kathryn; Ward, William; Kitchin, Kirk] US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Chilakapati, Jaya] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Fricke, Michael; Creed, Jack] US EPA, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, NERL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Kitchin, K (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr B143-06, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM kitchin.kirk@epa.gov NR 56 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JAN 31 PY 2010 VL 268 IS 1-2 BP 31 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2009.11.018 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 570VG UT WOS:000275705800005 PM 19945496 ER PT J AU Polshettiwar, V Varma, RS AF Polshettiwar, Vivek Varma, Rajender S. TI Nano-organocatalyst: magnetically retrievable ferrite-anchored glutathione for microwave-assisted Paal-Knorr reaction, aza-Michael addition, and pyrazole synthesis SO TETRAHEDRON LA English DT Article DE Nano-organocatalyst; Microwave irradiation; Aqueous medium; Green chemistry; Paal-Knorr reaction; Aza-Michael addition; Pyrazole synthesis ID SOLVENT-FREE SYNTHESIS; DIELS-ALDER REACTIONS; AQUEOUS-MEDIUM; ALDOL REACTION; ONE-POT; BIOACTIVE HETEROCYCLES; MANNICH REACTION; ASYMMETRIC ALDOL; IONIC LIQUIDS; RAPID ACCESS AB Postsynthetic Surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles by glutathione imparts desirable chemical functionality and enables the generation of catalytic sites on the surfaces of ensuing organocatalysts. In this article, we discuss the developments, unique activity, and high selectivity of nano-organocatalysts for microwave-assisted Paal-Knorr reaction, aza-Michael addition, and pyrazole synthesis. Their insoluble character Coupled with paramagnetic nature enables easy separation of these nano-catalysts from the reaction mixture using external magnet, which eliminates the requirement of catalyst filtration. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Polshettiwar, Vivek; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Polshettiwar, V (reprint author), King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, KCC, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia. EM vivekpol@yahoo.com; varma.rajender@epa.gov RI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/D-3159-2012 OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Cincinnati for ORISE FX V.P. thanks U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati for ORISE research fellowship. NR 82 TC 129 Z9 129 U1 6 U2 46 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4020 J9 TETRAHEDRON JI Tetrahedron PD JAN 30 PY 2010 VL 66 IS 5 BP 1091 EP 1097 DI 10.1016/j.tet.2009.11.015 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 558SR UT WOS:000274766900014 ER PT J AU Wulfeck-Kleier, KA Ybarra, MD Speth, TF Magnuson, ML AF Wulfeck-Kleier, Karen A. Ybarra, Michael D. Speth, Thomas F. Magnuson, Matthew L. TI Factors affecting atrazine concentration and quantitative determination in chlorinated water SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Triazine; Atrazine; Quantitative analysis; Chloramine; Drinking water; Chlorine ID CONTAINING S-TRIAZINES; ALPHA-AMINO-ACIDS; DRINKING-WATER; AQUEOUS CHLORINE; N-CHLORINATION; PRODUCTS; DISINFECTION; DEGRADATION; OXIDATION; CHLORINATION/CHLORAMINATION AB Although the herbicide atrazine has been reported to not react measurably with free chlorine during drinking water treatment, this work demonstrates that at contact times consistent with drinking water distribution system residence times, a transformation of atrazine can be observed. Some transformation products detected through the use of high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry are consistent with the formation of N-chloro atrazine. The effects of applied chlorine, pH, and reaction time on the transformation reaction were studied to help understand the practical implications of the transformation on the accurate determination of atrazine in drinking waters. The errors in the determination of atrazine are a function of the type of dechlorinating agent applied during sample preparation and the analytical instrumentation utilized. When a reductive dechlorinating agent, such as sodium sulfite or ascorbic acid is used, the quantification of the atrazine can be inaccurate, ranging from 2-fold at pH 7.5 to 30-fold at pH 6.0. The results suggest HPLC/UV and ammonium chloride quenching may be best for accurate quantification. Hence, the results also appear to have implications for both compliance monitoring and health effects studies that utilize gas chromatography analysis with sodium sulfite or ascorbic acid as the quenching agent. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Magnuson, Matthew L.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Water Infrastruct Protect Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Wulfeck-Kleier, Karen A.; Ybarra, Michael D.; Speth, Thomas F.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Magnuson, ML (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Water Infrastruct Protect Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM magnuson.matthew@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author (s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 29 PY 2010 VL 1217 IS 5 BP 676 EP 682 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.012 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 553FM UT WOS:000274351600009 PM 20022012 ER PT J AU Joo, JH Jetten, AM AF Joo, Joung Hyuck Jetten, Anton M. TI Molecular mechanisms involved in farnesol-induced apoptosis SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Review DE Farnesol; Apoptosis; Isoprenoid; Chemoprevention; Endoplasmic reticulum stress; Unfolded protein response; CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase; Nuclear receptor; Cancer; NF-kappa B; Apoptosome; MAP kinase ID ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS; CTP-PHOSPHOCHOLINE CYTIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE; NF-KAPPA-B; PHASE-II TRIAL; ADMINISTERED 4 TIMES; ISOPRENOID-MEDIATED INHIBITION; AGENT PERILLYL ALCOHOL; LUNG-CARCINOMA CELLS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS AB The isoprenoid alcohol farnesol is an effective inducer of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a variety of carcinoma cell types. In addition, farnesol has been reported to inhibit tumorigenesis in several animal models suggesting that it functions as a chemopreventative and anti-tumor agent in vivo. A number of different biochemical and cellular processes have been implicated in the growth-inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects of farnesol. These include regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase and CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase alpha (CCT alpha), rate-limiting enzymes in the mevalonate pathway and phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis, respectively, and the generation of reactive oxygen species. In some cell types the action of farnesol is mediated through nuclear receptors, including activation of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Recent studies have revealed that induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the subsequent activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) play a critical role in the induction of apoptosis by farnesol in lung carcinoma cells. This induction was found to be dependent on the activation of the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway. In addition, farnesol induces activation of the NF-kappa B signaling pathway and a number of NF-kappa B target genes. Optimal activation of NF-kappa B was reported to depend on the phosphorylation of p65/RelA by the MEK1/2-MSK1 signaling pathway. In a number of cells farnesol-induced apoptosis was found to be linked to activation of the apoptosome. This review provides an overview of the biochemical and cellular processes regulated by farnesol in relationship to its growth-inhibitory, apoptosis-promoting, and anti-tumor effects. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Joo, Joung Hyuck; Jetten, Anton M.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Cell Biol Sect, LRB, Div Intramural Res,NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Jetten, AM (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Cell Biol Sect, LRB, Div Intramural Res,NIH, 111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM jetten@niehs.nih.gov OI Jetten, Anton/0000-0003-0954-4445 FU NIEHS, NIH [Z01-ES-101586] FX The authors would like to thank Drs. Carl Bortner and Gary Zeruth (NIEHS) for their comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIEHS, NIH (Z01-ES-101586). NR 160 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD JAN 28 PY 2010 VL 287 IS 2 BP 123 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.05.015 PG 13 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 554QK UT WOS:000274449300001 PM 19520495 ER PT J AU Washington, JW Ellington, JJ Jenkins, TM Yoo, H AF Washington, John W. Ellington, J. Jackson Jenkins, Thomas M. Yoo, Hoon TI Response to Comments on "Degradability of an Acrylate-Linked, Fluorotelomer Polymer in Soil" SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID BIODEGRADATION; ALCOHOL C1 [Washington, John W.; Ellington, J. Jackson; Jenkins, Thomas M.; Yoo, Hoon] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Washington, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 2 BP 849 EP 850 DI 10.1021/es902672q PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 541QL UT WOS:000273433200050 PM 20000612 ER PT J AU Anderson, RH Prues, AG Kravitz, MJ AF Anderson, Richard H. Prues, Amy G. Kravitz, Michael J. TI Determination of the biologically relevant sampling depth for terrestrial ecological risk assessments SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE Biotic zone; Ecological risk assessment; Sampling depth; Soil biology ID SOIL-MICROORGANISMS; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; FOREST; GRASSLAND; BIOMASS; MINERALIZATION; ROOTS; SCALE AB To estimate the risks to soil organisms from soil contaminants, assessors need to relate the vertical distribution of contaminants to the vertical distribution of the organisms. Paramount to this objective is appropriate sampling strategies. While methodologies have been proposed that focus on optimizing the spatial scale of sampling efforts, sampling depths for ecological risk assessments (ERAs) are usually dictated by the vertical distribution of soil contamination or default to a generic constant. However, these approaches may not adequately reflect site-specific exposures to soil biota. This study uses a meta-analysis approach to quantify the zone of highest biological activity, for soil-dwelling ecological receptors commonly utilized in ERAs. Results suggest sampling strategies should be adaptive allowing for variable depths. If constant depths are utilized, our results suggest that samples should be collected to a depth of approximately 25-30 cm as opposed to shallower depths. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Anderson, Richard H.; Prues, Amy G.; Kravitz, Michael J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Prues, Amy G.] Superfund Hlth Risk Tech Support Ctr, ECFlex, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Anderson, RH (reprint author), 26 W Martin Luther King MS A-110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM anderson.hunter@epa.gov FU Research Participation Program at the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and USEPA. We especially thank Glenn Suter for providing comments, which markedly improved the manuscript and its applicability to risk assessment. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD JAN 15 PY 2010 VL 154 IS 3-4 BP 336 EP 339 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.11.004 PG 4 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 561VZ UT WOS:000275009400021 ER PT J AU Peng, XH Ghosh, AK Van Houten, B Greenberg, MM AF Peng, Xiaohua Ghosh, Avik K. Van Houten, Bennett Greenberg, Marc M. TI Nucleotide Excision Repair of a DNA Interstrand Cross-Link Produces Single- and Double-Strand Breaks SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DAMAGE; ADDUCTS; UVRB; INCISION; NUCLEASE; COMPLEX; BINDING; CELLS; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; SENSITIVITY AB The DNA radical resulting from Formal abstraction of a hydrogen atom from the thymidine methyl group, 5-(2'-deoxyuridinyl)methyl radical, forms interstrand cross-links with the opposing 2'-deoxyadenosine. This is the first chemically characterized, radical-mediated cross-link between two opposing nucleotides. In addition, cross-linking between opposing bases in the duplex is less common than between those separated by one or two nucleotides. The first step in cross-link repair was investigated using the UvrABC bacterial nucleotide excision repair system. UvrABC incised both strands of the cross-linked DNA, although the Strand containing the cross-linked purine Was preferred by the enzyme in two different duplexes. The incision sites in one strand were spaced 11-14 nucleotides apart, as Is typical for UvrABC incision. The majority of incisions occur at the third phosphate from the 3'-side of the cross-link and eighth or ninth phosphate on the 5'-side. In addition, cleavage was found to Occur on both strands, producing double-strand breaks in similar to 25-29% or the incision events. This is the first example of double-strand cleavage during nucleotide excision repair of cross-linked DNA that does not already contain a Strand break in the vicinity of the cross-link. C1 [Peng, Xiaohua; Ghosh, Avik K.; Greenberg, Marc M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Van Houten, Bennett] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Greenberg, MM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM mgreenberg@jhu.edu FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM-054996] FX We are grateful for support of this research by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (Grant GM-054996). NR 48 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 12 PY 2010 VL 49 IS 1 BP 11 EP 19 DI 10.1021/bi901603h PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 539PE UT WOS:000273267300002 PM 20000382 ER PT J AU Vallanat, B Anderson, SP Brown-Borg, HM Ren, HZ Kersten, S Jonnalagadda, S Srinivasan, R Corton, JC AF Vallanat, Beena Anderson, Steven P. Brown-Borg, Holly M. Ren, Hongzu Kersten, Sander Jonnalagadda, Sudhakar Srinivasan, Rajagopalan Corton, J. Christopher TI Analysis of the heat shock response in mouse liver reveals transcriptional dependence on the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR CHAPERONES; CALORIC RESTRICTION; STRESS-PROTEINS; NULL MICE; PROTECTION; PGC-1-BETA; CELLS; COACTIVATOR; CLOFIBRATE AB Background: The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) regulates responses to chemical or physical stress in part by altering expression of genes involved in proteome maintenance. Many of these genes are also transcriptionally regulated by heat shock (HS) through activation by HS factor-1 (HSF1). We hypothesized that there are interactions on a genetic level between PPAR alpha and the HS response mediated by HSF1. Results: Wild-type and PPAR alpha-null mice were exposed to HS, the PPAR alpha agonist WY-14,643 (WY), or both; gene and protein expression was examined in the livers of the mice 4 or 24 hrs after HS. Gene expression profiling identified a number of Hsp family members that were altered similarly in both mouse strains. However, most of the targets of HS did not overlap between strains. A subset of genes was shown by microarray and RT-PCR to be regulated by HS in a PPAR alpha-dependent manner. HS also down-regulated a large set of mitochondrial genes specifically in PPAR alpha-null mice that are known targets of PPAR gamma co-activator-1 (PGC-1) family members. Pretreatment of PPAR alpha-null mice with WY increased expression of PGC-1 beta and target genes and prevented the down-regulation of the mitochondrial genes by HS. A comparison of HS genes regulated in our dataset with those identified in wild-type and HSF1-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts indicated that although many HS genes are regulated independently of both PPAR alpha and HSF1, a number require both factors for HS responsiveness. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that the PPAR alpha genotype has a dramatic effect on the transcriptional targets of HS and support an expanded role for PPAR alpha in the regulation of proteome maintenance genes after exposure to diverse forms of environmental stress including HS. C1 [Vallanat, Beena; Ren, Hongzu; Corton, J. Christopher] US EPA, NHEERL Toxicogenom Core, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Anderson, Steven P.] Merial Ltd, Safety Assessment, Duluth, GA 30096 USA. [Brown-Borg, Holly M.] Univ N Dakota, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol Physiol & Therapeut, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Kersten, Sander] Wageningen Univ, Nutr Metab & Genom Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Kersten, Sander] TI Food & Nutr, Nutrigenom Consortium, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Jonnalagadda, Sudhakar; Srinivasan, Rajagopalan] ASTAR, Inst Chem & Engn Sci, Jurong Isl, Singapore. [Srinivasan, Rajagopalan] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Singapore 117548, Singapore. RP Corton, JC (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL Toxicogenom Core, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM corton.chris@epa.gov RI Srinivasan, Rajagopalan/B-5322-2010; Kersten, Sander/A-1116-2011 OI Srinivasan, Rajagopalan/0000-0002-8790-4349; Kersten, Sander/0000-0003-4488-7734 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 67 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JAN 7 PY 2010 VL 11 AR 16 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-11-16 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 557BK UT WOS:000274642500001 PM 20059764 ER PT J AU Boyd, WA Crocker, TL Rodriguez, AM Leung, MCK Lehmann, DW Freedman, JH Van Houten, B Meyer, JN AF Boyd, Windy A. Crocker, Tracey L. Rodriguez, Ana M. Leung, Maxwell C. K. Lehmann, D. Wade Freedman, Jonathan H. Van Houten, Ben Meyer, Joel N. TI Nucleotide excision repair genes are expressed at low levels and are not detectably inducible in Caenorhabditis elegans somatic tissues, but their function is required for normal adult life after UVC exposure SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Caenorhabditis elegans; DNA damage response; Nucleotide excision repair; Global gene expression; Gene-environment interaction ID CYCLOBUTANE PYRIMIDINE DIMERS; RADIATION-SENSITIVE MUTANTS; DNA-DAMAGE RESPONSE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; C-ELEGANS; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; CELL-CYCLE; PATHWAY; MODEL AB We performed experiments to characterize the inducibility of nucleotide excision repair (NER) in Caenorhabditis elegans, and to examine global gene expression in NER-deficient and -proficient strains as well as germline vs. somatic tissues, with and without genotoxic stress. We also carried out experiments to elucidate the importance of NER in the adult life of C elegans under genotoxin-stressed and control conditions. Adult lifespan was not detectably different between wild-type and NER-deficient xpa-1 nematodes under control conditions. However, exposure to 6 J/m(2)/day of ultraviolet C radiation (UVC) decreased lifespan in xpa-1 nematodes more than a dose of 100 J/M(2)/day in wild-type. Similar differential sensitivities were observed for adult size and feeding. Remarkably, global gene expression was nearly identical in young adult wild-type and xpa-1 nematodes, both in control conditions and 3 h after exposure to 50 J/m(2) UVC. Neither NER genes nor repair activity were detectably inducible in young adults that lacked germ cells and developing embryos (glp-1 strain). However, expression levels of dozens of NER and other DNA damage response genes were much (5-30-fold) lower in adults lacking germ cells and developing embryos, suggesting that somatic and post-mitotic cells have a much lower DNA repair ability. Finally, we describe a refinement of our DNA damage assay that allows damage measurement in single nematodes. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Crocker, Tracey L.; Leung, Maxwell C. K.; Meyer, Joel N.] Duke Univ, NSOE, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Boyd, Windy A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biomol Screening Branch, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Freedman, Jonathan H.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Toxicol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Rodriguez, Ana M.; Lehmann, D. Wade] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Meyer, JN (reprint author), Duke Univ, NSOE, Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM joel.meyer@duke.edu OI Boyd, Windy/0000-0003-3803-3716 FU National Institutes of Health [P42 ES10356]; National Toxicology Program; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Center for Research Resources FX We thank Julie Rice and Daniel Snyder for technical assistance with COPAS Biosort experiments and C. elegans maintenance, Danica Ducharme of the NIEHS microarray facility for microarray work, and Marjolein Smith for statistical analysis of growth and feeding data. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health [P42 ES10356 to J.M.]; the National Toxicology Program [to W.B.]; and the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [to J.F.]. All nematode strains used in this work were provided by the Caenorhabditis Genetics Center, which is funded by the National Center for Research Resources. NR 55 TC 20 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD JAN 5 PY 2010 VL 683 IS 1-2 BP 57 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2009.10.008 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 546WP UT WOS:000273845500009 PM 19879883 ER PT S AU Haisch, C Opilik, L Hays, M Niessner, R AF Haisch, C. Opilik, L. Hays, M. Niessner, R. BE Glorieux, C Thoen, J TI Photo-Thermophoresis as a New Tool for Aerosol Characterization SO 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHOTOACOUSTIC AND PHOTOTHERMAL PHENOMENA (ICPPP15) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena CY JUL 19-23, 2009 CL Catholic Univ Leuven, Leuven, BELGIUM HO Catholic Univ Leuven AB Aerosols are particles in the size range of nanometers to some micrometers, suspended in air or other gases. Their characterization and separation according to different physical and chemical properties is of great interest for environmental analysis and certain industrial applications. Photo-thermophoresis is an optothermal effect, which occurs when aerosol particles are illuminated by intense light. Locally inhomogeneous heating, resulting in locally increased impingement rates of the gas molecules, generates driving forces. These photophoretic forces can move fme particles either towards or away from the light source. We employ this effect for characterization and separation according to optical and thermal properties of aerosols. We hope to establish this new approach as a helpful supplement to the existing separation methods based on electrical, thermal or flow field forces. C1 [Haisch, C.; Opilik, L.; Niessner, R.] Tech Univ Munich, Chair Analyt Chem, Marchioninistr 17, D-81377 Munich, Germany. [Hays, M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Park, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Haisch, C (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Chair Analyt Chem, Marchioninistr 17, D-81377 Munich, Germany. EM Christoph.Haisch@ch.tum.de RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2010 VL 214 AR UNSP 012011 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/214/1/012011 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BTQ96 UT WOS:000287820700011 ER PT S AU Dutrow, E Boyd, G Worrell, E Dodendorf, L AF Dutrow, Elizabeth Boyd, Gale Worrell, Ernst Dodendorf, Lew GP IEEE TI SHIFTING ENERGY PERFORMANCE IN US CEMENT PRODUCTION SO 2010 IEEE-IAS/PCA 52ND CEMENT INDUSTRY TECHNICAL CONFERENCE SE IEEE-IAS PCA Cement Industry Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE- IAS/PCA 52nd Cement Industry Technical Conference CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2010 CL Colorado Springs, CO SP IEEE, PCA, IAS AB In the mid-1990's, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approached U. S. cement producers to work together to improve the energy efficiency of U. S. cement plants. Initially, EPA and the producers developed basic tools for identifying potential energy reductions and for estimating cement plant greenhouse gas emissions. Then, through EPA's ENERGY STAR(R) Partnership, the need for corporate energy management was emphasized along with careful measurement and tracking of energy and benchmarking of plant energy performance among the industry nationwide. This paper describes the engagement strategy EPA employed, the tools that were produced to aid cement producers to improve, and the results accomplished through this partnership. C1 [Dutrow, Elizabeth] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Boyd, Gale; Worrell, Ernst; Dodendorf, Lew] Salt River Mat Grp, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lewes, DE USA. RP Dutrow, E (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RI Worrell, Ernst/L-5455-2013 OI Worrell, Ernst/0000-0002-0199-9755 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1079-9931 BN 978-1-4244-6409-8 J9 IEEE CEM IND TECH CO PY 2010 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BTM88 UT WOS:000287372700019 ER PT S AU Derkits, GE Mandich, ML Reents, WD Franey, JP Xu, C Fleming, D Kopf, R Ryan, S AF Derkits, G. E. Mandich, M. L. Reents, W. D. Franey, J. P. Xu, C. Fleming, D. Kopf, R. Ryan, S. GP IEEE TI RELIABILITY OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT EXPOSED TO CHLORINE DIOXIDE USED FOR BIOLOGICAL DECONTAMINATION SO 2010 INTERNATIONAL RELIABILITY PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM SE International Reliability Physics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 48TH Annual IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS) CY MAY 02-06, 2010 CL Anaheim, CA SP IEEE DE Decontamination; reliability; personal computer; chlorine dioxide; diagnostic software AB We have studied the effects of chlorine dioxide fumigation on the reliability of electronic equipment using personal computers as examples of current commercial systems. Unit and subunit failure were objectively defined by standard commercial software. After the initial one-day exposures to the fumigation conditions, the systems were tested to assess impacts and retested monthly for six months. Cumulative failures of decontaminated systems were many times higher than unexposed systems and increased progressively for the harshest fumigation conditions. Failures occurred in electronic, mechanical, optoelectronic, and thermal subsystems. Failure mode and root-cause analyses were performed on a blind sample of systems. Corrosion of metals and degradation of organic materials were predominant causes of failure. Metal corrosion continued to progress well after the initial exposure. C1 [Derkits, G. E.; Mandich, M. L.; Reents, W. D.; Franey, J. P.; Xu, C.; Fleming, D.] Alcatel Lucent, Room 1E-241,600 Mt Ave, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. [Kopf, R.] Bell Labs, Alcatel Lucent, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. [Ryan, S.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Homel & Secur Res Ctr, Arlington, VA USA. RP Derkits, GE (reprint author), Alcatel Lucent, Room 1E-241,600 Mt Ave, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. EM Gus.Derkits@alcatel-lucent.com; Mary.Mandich@alcatel-lucent.com FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Department of Homeland Security [USMMM235W9] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under contract number USMMM235W9 to LGS Innovations, LLC. We wish to thank Lance Brooks of USDHS for his help and support. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1541-7026 BN 978-1-4244-5431-0 J9 INT RELIAB PHY SYM PY 2010 BP 879 EP + DI 10.1109/IRPS.2010.5488715 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BTO50 UT WOS:000287515600147 ER PT S AU Hernandez, M Kepner, WG Goodrich, DC Semmens, DJ AF Hernandez, Mariano Kepner, William G. Goodrich, David C. Semmens, Darius J. BE Liotta, PH Kepner, WG Lancaster, JM Mouat, DA TI The Use of Scenario Analysis to Assess Water Ecosystem Services in Response to Future Land Use Change in the Willamette River Basin, Oregon SO ACHIEVING ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY: ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AND HUMAN WELFARE SE Nato Science for Peace and Security Series E-Human and Societal Dynamics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Achieving Environmental Security - Ecosystem Services and Human Welfare CY JUL 05-10, 2009 CL Salve Regina Univ, Pell Ctr Int Relat & Publ Policy, Newport, RI SP NATO, Sci Peace & Secur Programme, US Environm Protect Agcy, United Nat Environm Programme HO Salve Regina Univ, Pell Ctr Int Relat & Publ Policy DE Ecosystem services; hydrological process models; scenario analysis; Willamette River; alternative futures; watershed assessment; sediment yield; nitrate; phosphorus; nutrients ID SWAT AB Human pressures on the natural resources of the United States have resulted in many unintended changes in our ecosystems, e.g., loss of biodiversity, habitat degradation, increases in the number of endangered species, and increases in contamination and water pollution. Environmental managers are concerned about broad-scale changes in land use and landscape pattern and their cumulative impact on hydrologic and ecological processes that affect stream conditions. The type of land use and land cover has direct consequences for most ecosystem services, including water quantity and water quality, erosion control, and biodiversity. As human pressure continues to increase, ecosystem services worldwide are projected to suffer continued loss and degradation, thus reducing the capacity of ecosystems to provide essential goods and services that contribute to human well-being [1]. The ability to assess, report, and forecast the life support functions of ecosystems is absolutely critical to our capacity to make informed decisions that will maintain the sustainable nature of our environment and secure these resources into the future. This study presents an integrated approach to identify areas with potential water quality problems as a result of land cover change projected by stakeholders within a moderately large river basin in the Pacific Northwest (USA). A process-based hydrologic watershed model was used to examine the contribution of land use/land cover to sediment yield, and nitrate and phosphorus loadings, and identify subwatersheds within the Willamette River Basin that would be most affected in the year 2050 relative to three possible future scenarios, which include inherent differences related to conservation, existing planning trends, and open development. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of alternative future scenarios that describe varying degrees of urban development and human use on hydrological response related to water quality. Results of this study suggest that the amount of forest along streams and agriculture consistently explained a high percentage of variation in nutrients. The AGWA-SWAT model was used to simulate change in sediment yield, nitrate and phosphorus transported with surface runoff for the three future scenarios. With regard to nitrate, the greatest increase was associated with subwatersheds with agricultural land use and urban areas. Although the model predicted some improvement in basin headwaters for all scenarios, nitrate loadings are expected to decrease under the conservation scenario. The largest decrease was observed in the Coast Range. With regard to phosphorus loadings, the greatest reduction was observed in subwatersheds draining predominantly forest areas. The greatest increase was observed under the open development scenario in subwatersheds with agricultural land use. Urbanization and agriculture are presumed to be the major environmental stressors affecting watershed condition of the Willamette River Basin. C1 [Hernandez, Mariano; Goodrich, David C.] ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Kepner, William G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Semmens, Darius J.] US Geol Survey, Rocky Mt Geog Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Hernandez, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM mariano.hernandez@ars.usda.gov RI Zhang, Jianming/A-2994-2011 OI Zhang, Jianming/0000-0001-7053-7696 NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1879-8268 BN 978-1-60750-579-2; 978-1-60750-578-5 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC PY 2010 VL 69 BP 97 EP 111 DI 10.3233/978-1-60750-579-2-97 PG 15 WC Environmental Studies; International Relations SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations GA BC1NG UT WOS:000350279800008 ER PT S AU Kepner, WG Mouat, DA Lancaster, JM Liotta, PH AF Kepner, W. G. Mouat, D. A. Lancaster, J. M. Liotta, P. H. BE Liotta, PH Kepner, WG Lancaster, JM Mouat, DA TI Ecosystem Services and Human Welfare SO ACHIEVING ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY: ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AND HUMAN WELFARE SE Nato Science for Peace and Security Series E-Human and Societal Dynamics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Achieving Environmental Security - Ecosystem Services and Human Welfare CY JUL 05-10, 2009 CL Salve Regina Univ, Pell Ctr Int Relat & Publ Policy, Newport, RI SP NATO, Sci Peace & Secur Programme, US Environm Protect Agcy, United Nat Environm Programme HO Salve Regina Univ, Pell Ctr Int Relat & Publ Policy AB Ecosystem services engages support among people, especially policy-and decision-makers, for the recognition that human welfare, prosperity, security, and well-being are intrinsically linked to the health of the environment. As our Earth's population increases and a changing environment creates change in our natural and social habitats, we see changes in attributes of our most critical resource, such as availability and quality of water supplies. We propose exploring institutional policy, infrastructure, human behavior, and social processes relative to water supply, allocation, and delivery for human use. This theme and our interdisciplinary approach offer unprecedented opportunity to elicit new information that could have important bearing on environmental security. C1 [Kepner, W. G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Mouat, D. A.; Lancaster, J. M.] Desert Res Inst, Div Earth & Ecosyst Dev, Reno, NV USA. [Liotta, P. H.] Salve Regina Univ, Pell Ctr Int Relat & Publ Policy, Newport, RI USA. RP Kepner, WG (reprint author), US EPA, 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM kepner.william@epa.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1879-8268 BN 978-1-60750-579-2; 978-1-60750-578-5 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC PY 2010 VL 69 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.3233/978-1-60750-579-2-265 PG 4 WC Environmental Studies; International Relations SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations GA BC1NG UT WOS:000350279800020 ER PT J AU Field, MS AF Field, Malcolm S. TI SIMULATING DRAINAGE FROM A FLOODED SINKHOLE SO ACTA CARSOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE sinkhole drainage; sinkhole shapes; vortex flow; modeling; simulation ID KARST; HYDROLOGY AB UDC 556.34:519.216 Malcolm S. Field: Simulating Drainage from a Flooded Sinkhole Understanding sinkhole-drainage capacity and functioning is critical to realizing the effects that may be created when directing stormwater drainage into sinkholes. In this paper, the basics of sinkhole drainage are reviewed in terms of point vortex flow created by drainage down a sinkhole swallet. Then, several different, relatively simple sinkhole shapes are presented and mathematical models developed to simulate drainage from inflowing water. The models emphasize the significance of drainage rate as a function of sinkhole shape and sinkhole wetted cross-sectional area relative to changes in water level and time. Model simulations provide insights into the sensitivity of sinkholes to inflow rates and water-level changes with time. Major findings include insights into the rapidity by which inflows may increase the water level in a sinkhole and the significance of sinkhole shape and cross-sectional area as it relates to sinkhole drainage rate. The numerical solution is completely general so it allows for varying inflow rates in any manner desired. Application of the model to real sinkholes should assist in the management of sinkhole-flooding problems. C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment 8623P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Field, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment 8623P, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM field.malcolm@epa.gov NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU KARST RESEARCH INST ZRC SAZU PI POSTOJNA PA TITOV TRG 2, POSTOJNA, SI-6230, SLOVENIA SN 0583-6050 J9 ACTA CARSOLOGICA JI ACTA CARSOLOGICA PY 2010 VL 39 IS 2 BP 361 EP 378 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 651IZ UT WOS:000281922700015 ER PT B AU Ashbolt, NJ AF Ashbolt, Nicholas J. BE Sumi, A Fukushi, K Hiramatsu, A TI Global Warming and Trans-Boundary Movement of Waterborne Microbial Pathogens SO ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; NATURAL ENVIRONMENTS; ENTERIC VIRUSES; DRINKING-WATER; WASTE-WATER; DISEASE C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Ashbolt, NJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Ashbolt.Nick@epa.gov NR 77 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG TOKYO PI TOKYO PA 37-3, HONGO 3-CHOME BONKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113, JAPAN BN 978-4-431-99797-9 PY 2010 BP 71 EP 82 DI 10.1007/978-4-431-99798-6_5 D2 10.1007/978-4-431-99798-6 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BRS14 UT WOS:000283520400005 ER PT S AU Kleber, M Johnson, MG AF Kleber, Markus Johnson, Mark G. BE Sparks, DL TI ADVANCES IN UNDERSTANDING THE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER: IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERACTIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 106 SE Advances in Agronomy LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID DISSOLVED HUMIC SUBSTANCES; EDGE XANES SPECTROSCOPY; ROTHAMSTED CARBON MODEL; TERM FIELD EXPERIMENT; MEAN RESIDENCE TIME; SOLID-STATE C-13; MINERAL SURFACES; GLASS-TRANSITION; COMPOST LEACHATE; CONIFER FOREST AB We take a historic approach to explore how concepts of the chemical and physical nature of soil organic matter have evolved over time. We emphasize conceptual and analytical achievements in organic matter research over the last two decades and demonstrate how these developments have led to increased skepticism toward the humification concept and question the usefulness of operationally defined and artificially prepared "humic substances" as models of fractions of soil organic matter in real soils. We identify some of the still open questions about organic matter, and point out future research directions that are likely to refine those concepts of the physicochemical nature of soil organic matter which we put before the reader today. C1 [Kleber, Markus] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Johnson, Mark G.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Kleber, M (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM markus.kleber@oregonstate.edu NR 225 TC 105 Z9 110 U1 17 U2 175 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-2113 BN 978-0-12-381035-9 J9 ADV AGRON JI Adv. Agron. PY 2010 VL 106 BP 77 EP 142 DI 10.1016/S0065-2113(10)06003-7 PG 66 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BOL68 UT WOS:000276955800003 ER PT J AU Oberoi, RC Choi, JI Edwards, JR Rosati, JA Thornburg, J Rodes, CE AF Oberoi, Roshan C. Choi, Jung-Il Edwards, Jack R. Rosati, Jacky A. Thornburg, Jonathan Rodes, Charles E. TI Human-Induced Particle Re-Suspension in a Room SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTICULATE MATTER; TURBULENT FLOWS; HUMAN WALKING; RESUSPENSION; MODELS; DETACHMENT; DEPOSITION; TRANSPORT AB A large-eddy simulation/immersed boundary method for particulate flows in an Eulerian framework is utilized to investigate short-term particle re-suspension due to human motion. The simulations involve a human walking through a room, stopping, and then walking in place, causing particles to be re-suspended from a carpet. The carpet layer is modeled as the porous medium and a classical adhesive force model is applied to model the resistance of the carpet-bound material to hydrodynamic forcing. The effects of parameters such as the foot penetration depth and adhesive force coefficient on mass re-suspended during the foot stamping events are examined. Simulations of particulate re-suspension experiments conducted in a room within a U. S. Environmental Protection Agency test house are also described. The simulations vary the type of human motion ( stamping in place versus stamping in place with rotation). The results indicate that significant amounts of particulate material are re-suspended from the carpet layer due to the impingement of the feet during the motion event. The net mass re-suspended for human motion with rotation is two times greater than that for the motion without rotation, while the mass of re-suspended small particles is slightly greater than that of large particles. The re-suspension rates are estimated based on several time scales, and the predicted total particle number concentrations at several locations in the room show good agreement with experimental data. The present CFD model can be utilized to predict particle re-suspension rates as induced by human motion, but further work in modeling the fine-scale details of the re-suspension process is needed. C1 [Choi, Jung-Il; Edwards, Jack R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Oberoi, Roshan C.] Metacomp Technol Inc, Agoura Hills, CA USA. [Rosati, Jacky A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Thornburg, Jonathan; Rodes, Charles E.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Edwards, JR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jredward@ncsu.edu RI Choi, Jung-il/H-1013-2011; Wei, Jianjian/F-7788-2011 OI Wei, Jianjian/0000-0001-8859-8462 FU US Environmental Protection Agency [3C-R310-NTEX, 4C-R138-NAEX] FX This work has been sponsored by the US Environmental Protection Agency under contracts 3C-R310-NTEX and 4C-R138-NAEX. Computer resources were provided by the High Performance Computing component of North Carolina State University's Information Technology Division (www.ncsu.edu/itd/hpc). NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 2010 VL 44 IS 3 BP 216 EP 229 DI 10.1080/02786820903530852 PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 586NM UT WOS:000276917200007 ER PT S AU Clawson, KL Finn, D Carter, RG Rich, JD Eckman, RM Perry, SG Isakov, V Heist, DK Pierce, T AF Clawson, Kirk L. Finn, Dennis Carter, Roger G. Rich, Jason D. Eckman, Richard M. Perry, Steven G. Isakov, Vlad Heist, David K. Pierce, Thomas BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI NOAA EPA Near-Roadway Sound Barrier Atmospheric Tracer Study 2008 SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS DE Wake zone; traffic emissions; pollutant dispersion near roadways; concentration deficits; atmospheric tracer; atmospheric stability ID AIR-QUALITY; IMPACTS AB A roadway toxics dispersion study was conducted at the Idaho National Laboratory to document the effects on concentrations of roadway emissions behind a roadside sound barrier in various conditions of atmospheric stability. The key finding was that reduced concentrations were measured behind the barrier in all stability conditions. It was also found that the magnitude of the concentration footprint behind the barrier was tied to atmospheric stability and that the roadway tended to trap high concentrations during light wind speed conditions. C1 [Clawson, Kirk L.; Finn, Dennis; Carter, Roger G.; Rich, Jason D.; Eckman, Richard M.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Field Res Div, 1750 Foote Dr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. [Perry, Steven G.; Isakov, Vlad; Heist, David K.; Pierce, Thomas] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Clawson, KL (reprint author), NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Field Res Div, 1750 Foote Dr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. EM kirk.clawson@Noaa.agov RI Clawson, Kirk/C-5910-2016; Eckman, Richard/D-1476-2016; Finn, Dennis/C-3204-2016 OI Clawson, Kirk/0000-0002-8789-9607; FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the U.S Goverment [DW-13-92274201-0] FX We Wish to thank Alan Vette and S.T.Rao from the Contributions they made to the study. This Work Was Completed under Interagency Agreement DW-13-92274201-0 between the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the U.S Goverment right to retain a nonexculusive royal-free locenes in and copyright is.acknowledged. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 27 EP + PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800005 ER PT S AU Pleim, J Gilliam, R Yu, SC AF Pleim, Jonathan Gilliam, Robert Yu, Shaocai BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI Atmospheric Boundary Layer Modeling for Combined Meteorology and Air Quality Systems SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS DE Boundary layer; non-local closure; WRF; CMAQ ID NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL AB Atmospheric Eulerian grid models for mesoscale and larger applications require sub-grid models for turbulent vertical exchange processes, particularly within the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL). In combined meteorology and air quality modeling systems consistent PBL modeling of winds, temperature, humidity, and chemical concentrations is necessary for accurate simulation of chemical transport through the 3-d grid and accurate simulation of gas-phase and aerosol chemistry. A recently developed PBL model, known as the Asymmetric Convective Model version 2 (ACM2), has been designed to represent realistic turbulent transport of atmospheric constituents. The ACM2 has local and non-local components for transport in convective boundary layers. Evaluation of the ACM2 involves comparisons to observed vertical profiles of meteorology and chemistry. For example, simulations of the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model and the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model are compared to vertical profiles of potential temperature, water vapor mixing ratio, and several trace chemical species from aircraft and balloon soundings. The modeled vertical structures of chemical and meteorological parameters are consistent with observations C1 [Pleim, Jonathan; Gilliam, Robert] US EPA, MD E243 03, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pleim, J (reprint author), US EPA, MD E243 03, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleim.jon@epa.gov RI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017 OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 45 EP + PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800008 ER PT S AU Wesson, K Baker, K Nopmongcol, U Yarwood, G Sakulyanontvittaya, T Strum, M Thurman, J Camalier, L Ensley, D Timin, B Phillips, S Fox, T AF Wesson, Karen Baker, Kirk Nopmongcol, Uarporn Yarwood, Greg Sakulyanontvittaya, Tanarit Strum, Madeleine Thurman, James Camalier, Louise Ensley, Darrell Timin, Brian Phillips, Sharon Fox, Tyler BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI Comparing Models/Methods for Estimating Multi-pollutant Fine-Scale Air Quality Concentrations SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS AB Photochemical models are commonly used in regulatory and policy assessments to estimate pollutant concentrations and deposition of both inert and chemically reactive pollutants over large spatial scales. These models are generally run for horizontal grid resolutions of 36 and 12 km. However, several recent assessments have revealed the need for air quality predictions at resolutions finer than 12 km to resolve important local-scale gradients in pollutant concentrations. Given this need, we are undertaking a study to investigate several methods that can be used to obtain local-scale air quality concentrations This study looks at the application and evaluation of a variety of models including CMAQ, CAMx and AERMOD. In addition, we will also evaluate the use of a new method called the Multiplicative Approach to the Hybrid Method (MAHM), which combines CMAQ and AERMOD predicted concentrations to generate local-scale air quality predictions. To do this, these models/methods are applied at <= 4 km resolution for both a winter and summer month in the same local area: Detroit, MI. The study looks at model/method performance of PM2 5, O-3. and several toxic pollutants by comparing modeled versus ambient measured concentrations. Resources for implementation of each model/method are also evaluated C1 [Wesson, Karen; Baker, Kirk; Strum, Madeleine; Thurman, James; Camalier, Louise; Timin, Brian; Phillips, Sharon; Fox, Tyler] US EPA, MC C439 01, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Wesson, K (reprint author), US EPA, MC C439 01, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wesson.karen@epa.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 81 EP + PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800014 ER PT S AU Anderson, BA Brode, RW AF Anderson, B. A. Brode, R. W. BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI Evaluation of Four Lagrangian Models Against the Cross-Appalachian and European Tracer Experiments SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS C1 [Anderson, B. A.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA. [Brode, R. W.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Anderson, BA (reprint author), US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA. EM ba05700@navix.net NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 87 EP + PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800015 ER PT S AU Mathur, R Pleim, J Wong, D Otte, T Gilliam, R Roselle, S Young, J Binkowski, F Xiu, AJ AF Mathur, Rohit Pleim, Jonathan Wong, David Otte, Tanya Gilliam, Robert Roselle, Shawn Young, Jeffrey Binkowski, Francis Xiu, Aijun BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI The WRF-CMAQ Integrated On-line Modeling System: Development, Testing, and Initial Applications SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS AB Traditionally, atmospheric chemistry-transport and meteorology models have been applied in an off-line paradigm, in which archived output on the dynamical state of the atmosphere simulated using the meteorology model is used to drive transport and chemistry calculations of atmospheric chemistry transport model (CTM). A modeling framework that facilitates coupled on-line calculations is desirable since it (I) provides consistent treatment of dynamical processes and reduces redundant calculations, (2) provides ability to couple dynamical and chemical calculations at finer time-steps and thus facilitates consistent use of data, (3) reduces the disk-storage requirements typically associated with off-line applications, and (4) provides opportunities to represent and assess the potentially important radiative effects of pollutant loading on simulated dynamical features. A coupled on-line atmospheric modeling system is developed based on the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) meteorological model and the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) air quality modeling system. The flexible design of the system facilitates consistent configurations for both on-line and off-line modeling paradigms as well as the systematic investigation of the impacts of frequency of data exchange between the dynamical and chemical calculations as well as feedback effects of chemical concentrations on meteorological process. C1 [Mathur, Rohit; Pleim, Jonathan; Wong, David; Otte, Tanya; Gilliam, Robert; Roselle, Shawn; Young, Jeffrey] US EPA, MD E243-03,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Binkowski, Francis; Xiu, Aijun] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Mathur, R (reprint author), US EPA, MD E243-03,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mathur.rohit@epa.gov RI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017 OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082 NR 3 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 155 EP + PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800027 ER PT S AU Timin, B Wesson, K Thurman, J AF Timin, Brian Wesson, Karen Thurman, James BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI Application of Model and Ambient Data Fusion Techniques to Predict Current and Future Year PM2.5 Concentrations in Unmonitored Areas SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS C1 [Timin, Brian; Wesson, Karen; Thurman, James] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Timin, B (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM timin.brian@epa.gov; wesson.karen@epa.gov NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 175 EP + PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800030 ER PT S AU Baker, K Timin, B AF Baker, Kirk Timin, Brian BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI A Comparison of Multiple Ozone and Particulate Matter Source Apportionment Models SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS C1 [Baker, Kirk; Timin, Brian] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Baker, K (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM timin.brian@epa.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 185 EP + PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800032 ER PT S AU Sarwar, G Joseph, R Mathur, R AF Sarwar, Golam Joseph, Ravi Mathur, Rohit BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI Influence of Chlorine Emissions on Ozone Levels in the Troposphere SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS DE Emissions; molecular chlorine; hypochlorus acid; chlorine chemistry; ozone ID COOLING-TOWERS; URBAN OZONE; FATE AB Chlorine emissions from cooling towers are emitted mainly as hypochlorous acid, not as molecular chlorine. Chlorine emissions from cooling towers in electric utilities in the U S are estimated to be 4,400 t/year. On a molar basis, molecular chlorine results in a greater increase in tropospheric ozone than hypochlorous acid. However, hypochlorous acid produces more ozone than molecular chlorine when an equal amount of chlorine is present on a mass basis. C1 [Sarwar, Golam] US EPA, ORD, NERL, AMAD, Mail Drop E243-03,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Joseph, Ravi] Austin Energy, Austin, TX USA. RP Sarwar, G (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NERL, AMAD, Mail Drop E243-03,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sarwar.golam@epa.gov; mathur.rohit@epa.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 237 EP + PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800041 ER PT S AU Napelenok, SL Arnold, J Foley, KM Henze, DK AF Napelenok, Sergey L. Arnold, Jeffrey Foley, Kristen M. Henze, Daven K. BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI Regional Background Fine Particulate Matter SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS AB A modeling system composed of the global model GEOS-Chem providing hourly lateral boundary conditions to the regional model CMAQ was used to calculate the policy relevant background level of fine particulate matter. Simulations were performed for the full year of 2004 over the domain covering the continental United States. The influence on particulate matter from boundary conditions was quantified using the decoupled direct method in three dimensions. Similar to base CMAQ particulate concentrations themselves, background levels and the influence of the boundaries were found to be highly variable spatially and temporally in the domain. Particulate matter background levels were found to range between 0.62 and 1.72 mu g/m(3) averaged annually with higher values in the southeastern part of the domain subject to high concentrations of organics from fire emissions and the formation of secondary organic aerosols. The influence from the boundary ranged 0.39-0.53 mu g/m(3) averaged annually. C1 [Napelenok, Sergey L.] US EPA, ORD, NERL, AMAD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Napelenok, SL (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NERL, AMAD, MD E243-01,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM napelenok.sergey@epa.gov RI Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 277 EP 280 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800050 ER PT S AU Kang, DW Mathur, R Rao, ST AF Kang, Daiwen Mathur, Rohit Rao, S. Trivikrama BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI Implementation of Real-Time Bias-Corrected O-3 and PM2.5 Air Quality Forecast and Their Performance Evaluations During 2008 over the Continental United States SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS DE Air quality forecast; Bias-adjustment; O-3; PM2.5; Kalman filter AB Real-time bias-corrected O-3 and PM2.5 forecast systems are implemented using the Kalman Filter, combining observations from AIRnow and outputs from the NOAA/EPA's NAM/CMAQ air quality forecast model. Bias-corrected O-3 and PM2.5 forecasts are created at locations of the AIRNow monitoring network where report hourly concentrations of these species. Observations and model outputs from two previous consecutive days are required to produce bias-corrected model forecasts. The performance of these systems is examined on a daily basis using O-3 and PM2.5 observations and the results are compared with raw model forecasts. The overall performance of the Kalman filtering technique and its capability to produce a real-time bias correction to improve the day-to-day forecast from the NAM-CMAQ modeling system during 2008 is investigated. Performance evaluation trough detailed time-series analysis and regional analysis will be presented. The ability of the technique in improving the prediction of daily 8-hr maximum O-3 and daily mean PM2.5 as well as its impacts on false-alarms will be examined through the use of statistical categorical metrics. C1 [Kang, Daiwen] Comp Sci Corp, 79 TV Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Mathur, Rohit; Rao, S. Trivikrama] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kang, DW (reprint author), Comp Sci Corp, 79 TV Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kang.daiwen@epa.gov; mathur.rohit@epa.gov; rao.st@epa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 283 EP + PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800051 ER PT S AU Godowitch, JM Pouliot, GA Rao, ST AF Godowitch, James M. Pouliot, George A. Rao, S. Trivikrama BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI On the Use of a Dynamic Evaluation Approach to Assess Multi-year Change in Modeled and Observed Urban NO(x) Concentrations SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS DE Model evaluation; dynamic evaluation; NO(x) concentrations; NO(x) mobile emissions AB Model results and measurements were analyzed to determine the extent of change in concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NO(x)) during morning weekday high traffic periods from different summer seasons that could be related to change in mobile source emissions. The dynamic evaluation technique was applied to compare the relative (%) changes in modeled and observed 3-h morning NO(x) at numerous urban locations. The average changes in modeled and observed NO(x) levels between 2002 and 2005 were -16% and -15%, respectively, which are close to the decline (-17%) in NO(x) emissions estimated by a mobile emissions model. C1 [Godowitch, James M.; Pouliot, George A.; Rao, S. Trivikrama] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Godowitch, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, MD E243-04,1091W Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM godowitch.james@epa.gov; rao.st@epa.gov; rao.st@epa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 337 EP 341 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800060 ER PT S AU Rao, ST Schere, K Galmarini, S Steyn, D AF Rao, S. Trivikrama Schere, Kenneth Galmarini, Stefano Steyn, Douw BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI AQMEII: A New International Initiative on Air Quality Model Evaluation SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS AB We provide a conceptual view of the process of evaluating regional-scale three-dimensional numerical photochemical air quality modeling systems, based on an examination of existing approaches to the evaluation of such systems as they are currently used in a variety of applications. A framework for model evaluation is introduced to provide a context for the evaluation process. The objectives of the model evaluation process include: determining the suitability of a modeling system for a specific application; distinguishing between the performance of different models through confidence-testing of model results; and guiding further model development. The evaluation framework includes methods for operational, diagnostic, dynamic, and probabilistic model evaluation. Also discussed is a new effort, the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII), in which some of the new ideas in model evaluation are applied to air quality modeling systems being used in North American and Europe, to assess the utility of the techniques and to compare and contrast model evaluation results among different models on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. An AQMEII Workshop was conducted in April 2009 in Stresa, Italy to discuss model evaluation concepts and establish collaborative model application and evaluation projects. C1 [Rao, S. Trivikrama; Schere, Kenneth] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Galmarini, Stefano] European Union Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Ispra, Italy. [Steyn, Douw] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Rao, ST (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rao.st@epa.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 385 EP + PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800068 ER PT S AU Hammond, D Watkins, T Norris, C AF Hammond, D. Watkins, T. Norris, C. BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI Integrated Application of Source Apportionment Tools to Support Development and Implementation of Air Quality Regulations to Protect Public Health SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS DE Source-oriented modeling; receptor modeling; source apportionment; air quality AB Air pollution is associated with increased health and ecological effects. A complex mixture of local, urban, and regional sources contribute to air pollution, presenting a challenge to separate sources dispersed across the range of spatial scales. Understanding the relative contribution of these sources is important because recent health studies suggest differences in exposure relationships and health effects for different sources. In addition, air quality management decisions require information on the sources contributing to air pollution to develop effective air pollution control strategies. This paper will describe efforts to identify and quantify sources of air pollution using a multidisciplinary research approach focused on the integrated application of sampling methods, analytical methods, and receptor-based modeling tools. The application of high time resolution sampling methods, such as the Semi-continuous Elements in Aerosol Sampler (SEAS), provides valuable data for source apportionment. When samples collected are analyzed with high resolution analytical methods, source marker compounds are identified which can be used as inputs to multivariate receptor-based modeling tools, such as Positive Matrix Factorization and Unmix, that provide information to identify relative source contributions. The application of the Air Pollution Transport to Receptor (APTR) model provides additional information regarding the location of sources. APTR has a local component based on nonparametric wind regression and a regional component based on Quantitative Transport Bias Analysis. This paper will present results from the intensive source apportionment studies conducted in various location in the US, including St. Louis, Missouri, Dearborn, Michigan, and Steubenville, Ohio. The paper will demonstrate how the results of these studies have provided valuable information for air quality management decisions, as well as, information to support development of air quality regulations to protect public health. Finally, the paper will also discuss future efforts to integrate receptor-based approaches with source-oriented models to enhance source apportionment capabilities. C1 [Hammond, D.; Watkins, T.; Norris, C.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hammond, D (reprint author), US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hammond.davyda@epa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 533 EP 538 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800093 ER PT S AU Garcia, VC Gego, E Jones, R Lin, S Pantea, CI Rao, ST Wootten, A AF Garcia, V. C. Gego, E. Jones, R. Lin, S. Pantea, C. I. Rao, S. T. Wootten, Adrienne BE Steyn, DG Rao, ST TI Examining the Impact of Regional-Scale Air Quality Regulations on Human Health Outcomes SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Applications CY MAY 18-22, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP NATO, SPS DE Air quality; air pollution and health; air pollution; transport ID METAANALYSIS; MORTALITY; OZONE AB The NO State Implementation Plan Call was issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to reduce the emissions of nitrogen oxides from the electric power sector to curtail the regional transport of the secondarily-formed pollutant, ozone. As emission control actions often come at a significant economic cost, it is important to understand whether such regulations have reduced air pollution and improved public health and the environment as originally anticipated. In this paper, we examine the relationships among meteorological transport patterns, ozone concentration levels and respiratory-related hospital admissions across New York State using trajectory analysis and other spatial and statistical approaches. Preliminary results from this analysis are presented in the paper. C1 [Garcia, V. C.; Rao, S. T.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Garcia, VC (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Raleigh, NC USA. EM garcia.val@epa.gov; rao.st@epa.gov; rao.st@epa.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-465X BN 978-90-481-3810-4 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B PY 2010 BP 545 EP 548 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics GA BPY43 UT WOS:000280347800095 ER PT J AU Resnik, D AF Resnik, David TI Response to Open Peer Commentaries on "Trans Fat Bans and Human Freedom" SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS LA English DT Letter C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Resnik, D (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Mail Drop NH 06 Box 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM resnikd@niehs.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA ES102646-03, ZIA ES102646-02] NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1526-5161 J9 AM J BIOETHICS JI Am. J. Bioeth. PY 2010 VL 10 IS 3 BP W4 EP W5 DI 10.1080/15265161003708557 PG 2 WC Ethics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 568PV UT WOS:000275535700033 PM 20229403 ER PT J AU Zanou, N Shapovalov, G Louis, M Tajeddine, N Gallo, C Van Schoor, M Anguish, I Cao, ML Schakman, O Dietrich, A Lebacq, J Ruegg, U Roulet, E Birnbaumer, L Gailly, P AF Zanou, Nadege Shapovalov, Georges Louis, Magali Tajeddine, Nicolas Gallo, Chiara Van Schoor, Monique Anguish, Isabelle Cao, My Linh Schakman, Olivier Dietrich, Alexander Lebacq, Jean Ruegg, Urs Roulet, Emmanuelle Birnbaumer, Lutz Gailly, Philippe TI Role of TRPC1 channel in skeletal muscle function SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE calcium; canonical transient receptor potential 1; fatigue ID DUCHENNE MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY; OPERATED CALCIUM-CHANNELS; MDX MICE; SARCOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; CA2+ ENTRY; CONTRACTILE PROPERTIES; CELLULAR MECHANISMS; ORAI PROTEINS; FIBERS; MOUSE AB Zanou N, Shapovalov G, Louis M, Tajeddine N, Gallo C, Van Schoor M, Anguish I, Cao ML, Schakman O, Dietrich A, Lebacq J, Ruegg U, Roulet E, Birnbaumer L, Gailly P. Role of TRPC1 channel in skeletal muscle function. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 298: C149-C162, 2010. First published October 21, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00241.2009.-Skeletal muscle contraction is reputed not to depend on extracellular Ca(2+). Indeed, stricto sensu, excitation-contraction coupling does not necessitate entry of Ca(2+). However, we previously observed that, during sustained activity (repeated contractions), entry of Ca(2+) is needed to maintain force production. In the present study, we evaluated the possible involvement of the canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) 1 ion channel in this entry of Ca(2+) and investigated its possible role in muscle function. Patch-clamp experiments reveal the presence of a small-conductance channel (13 pS) that is completely lost in adult fibers from TRPC1(-/-) mice. The influx of Ca(2+) through TRPC1 channels represents a minor part of the entry of Ca(2+) into muscle fibers at rest, and the activity of the channel is not store dependent. The lack of TRPC1 does not affect intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) transients reached during a single isometric contraction. However, the involvement of TRPC1-related Ca(2+) entry is clearly emphasized in muscle fatigue. Indeed, muscles from TRPC1(-/-) mice stimulated repeatedly progressively display lower [Ca(2+)](i) transients than those observed in TRPC1(-/-) fibers, and they also present an accentuated progressive loss of force. Interestingly, muscles from TRPC1(-/-) mice display a smaller fiber cross-sectional area, generate less force per cross-sectional area, and contain less myofibrillar proteins than their controls. They do not present other signs of myopathy. In agreement with in vitro experiments, TRPC1(-/-) mice present an important decrease of endurance of physical activity. We conclude that TRPC1 ion channels modulate the entry of Ca(2+) during repeated contractions and help muscles to maintain their force during sustained repeated contractions. C1 [Zanou, Nadege; Louis, Magali; Tajeddine, Nicolas; Van Schoor, Monique; Cao, My Linh; Schakman, Olivier; Lebacq, Jean; Gailly, Philippe] Univ Catholique Louvain, Inst Neurosci, Lab Cell Physiol, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. [Shapovalov, Georges; Gallo, Chiara; Anguish, Isabelle; Ruegg, Urs; Roulet, Emmanuelle] Univ Geneva, Pharmacol Lab, Geneva Lausanne Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Geneva, Switzerland. [Dietrich, Alexander] Univ Marburg, Sch Med, Inst Pharmacol & Toxicol, Marburg, Germany. [Birnbaumer, Lutz] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neurobiol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Gailly, P (reprint author), Univ Catholique Louvain, Inst Neurosci, Lab Cell Physiol, 55-40 Av Hippocrate, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. EM philippe.gailly@uclouvain.be RI Dietrich, Alexander/G-8619-2013; OI Dietrich, Alexander/0000-0002-1168-8707; RUEGG, Urs/0000-0001-6078-8280 FU "Association francaise contre les myopathies" (AFM; "Association belge contre les maladies neuro-musculaires" (ABMM); General Direction of Scientific Research of the French Community of Belgium [ARC 05/10-328]; Region Walonne; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); Swiss Foundation for Research on Muscular Diseases; National Institutes of Health [Z01-ES-101684] FX This work was supported by the "Association francaise contre les myopathies" (AFM), the "Association belge contre les maladies neuro-musculaires" (ABMM), by grant ARC 05/10-328 from the General Direction of Scientific Research of the French Community of Belgium, the "Programme d'excellence Marshall" (DIANE convention) from the "Region Walonne," by grants of the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), the Swiss Foundation for Research on Muscular Diseases, and in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (project Z01-ES-101684 to L. Birnbaumer). NR 76 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 298 IS 1 BP C149 EP C162 DI 10.1152/ajpcell.00241.2009 PG 14 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 533LO UT WOS:000272825500017 PM 19846750 ER PT J AU Bauer, SM Stewart, J Morgan, MA Georas, SN Pietropaoli, A Williams, MA AF Bauer, S. M. Stewart, J. Morgan, M. A. Georas, S. N. Pietropaoli, A. Williams, M. A. TI Immune Restoration Of Septic Shock Monocytes By Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bauer, S. M.; Stewart, J.; Morgan, M. A.; Georas, S. N.; Pietropaoli, A.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Williams, M. A.] US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM stephen_bauer@urmc.rochester.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1382 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000383 ER PT J AU Cheng, W Currier, J Zucker, R Bromberg, P Silbajoris, R Hofer, TP Samet, JM AF Cheng, W. Currier, J. Zucker, R. Bromberg, P. Silbajoris, R. Hofer, T. P. Samet, J. M. TI LIVE CELL IMAGING OF THE OXIDATIVE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO AN ORGANIC PM COMPONENT SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cheng, W.; Currier, J.; Bromberg, P.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Zucker, R.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Silbajoris, R.] US EPA, NHEERL, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hofer, T. P.] Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Gauting, Germany. [Samet, J. M.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM Cheng.Wan-Yun@epamail.epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1162 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000163 ER PT J AU Duncan, KE Dailey, LA Ghio, AJ Bern, AM Lowers, HA Meeker, GP Padilla-Carlin, DJ Devlin, RB AF Duncan, K. E. Dailey, L. A. Ghio, A. J. Bern, A. M. Lowers, H. A. Meeker, G. P. Padilla-Carlin, D. J. Devlin, R. B. TI Inflammatory And Oxidative Stress Response Associated With In Vitro Exposure of Cultured Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells To Different Size Fractions Of Libby-Type Amphibole And Amosite Asbestos SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Duncan, K. E.; Padilla-Carlin, D. J.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Dailey, L. A.; Ghio, A. J.; Devlin, R. B.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bern, A. M.] US EPA, Denver, CO USA. [Lowers, H. A.; Meeker, G. P.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM duncan.kelly@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1148 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000149 ER PT J AU Georas, S Williams, MA Little, EL Stewart, JC Emo, J Bauer, SM Frasier, LM Chalupa, DC Vora, R Pietropaoli, AP Utell, MJ Frampton, MW AF Georas, S. Williams, M. A. Little, E. L. Stewart, J. C. Emo, J. Bauer, S. M. Frasier, L. M. Chalupa, D. C. Vora, R. Pietropaoli, A. P. Utell, M. J. Frampton, M. W. TI Ambient Ultrafine Particle Exposure May Alter Circulating Dendritic Cell Precursors In Asthmatic Subjects SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Georas, S.; Little, E. L.; Stewart, J. C.; Emo, J.; Bauer, S. M.; Frasier, L. M.; Chalupa, D. C.; Vora, R.; Pietropaoli, A. P.; Utell, M. J.; Frampton, M. W.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Williams, M. A.] US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mark_frampton@urmc.rochester.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1155 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000156 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ Soukup, JM Dailey, LA Rappold, AG Stone, SL Devlin, RB Zheng, W Jaspers, I AF Ghio, A. J. Soukup, J. M. Dailey, L. A. Rappold, A. G. Stone, S. L. Devlin, R. B. Zheng, W. Jaspers, I. TI Healthy Volunteers Exposed To Wood Stove Particles Demonstrate Inflammatory Changes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ghio, A. J.; Soukup, J. M.; Dailey, L. A.; Stone, S. L.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rappold, A. G.; Devlin, R. B.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Zheng, W.] UNC, CEMLAB, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jaspers, I.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A2427 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771001341 ER PT J AU Gibbs-Flournoy, EA Zucker, R Cheng, W Hofer, TP Bromberg, PA Samet, JM AF Gibbs-Flournoy, E. A. Zucker, R. Cheng, W. Hofer, T. P. Bromberg, P. A. Samet, J. M. TI Light Microscopy Detection Of Nanoscale Particle Internalization By Human LunG Cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gibbs-Flournoy, E. A.; Cheng, W.; Bromberg, P. A.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Zucker, R.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hofer, T. P.] Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Gauting, Germany. [Samet, J. M.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1152 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000153 ER PT J AU Jardim, MJ Dailey, LA Ren, H Diaz-Sanchez, D AF Jardim, M. J. Dailey, L. A. Ren, H. Diaz-Sanchez, D. TI MicroRNA Profiling Reveals Differential Response To Oxidant Induced Stress Between Asthmatic And Healthy Donors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jardim, M. J.; Diaz-Sanchez, D.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Dailey, L. A.] US EPA, NHEERL, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ren, H.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM Jardim.Melanie@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A2009 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771001216 ER PT J AU Kesic, MJ Zhang, W Simmons, S Jaspers, I AF Kesic, M. J. Zhang, W. Simmons, S. Jaspers, I. TI Nrf2 Dependent Gene Expression Modifies Susceptibility To Influenza A Infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kesic, M. J.; Zhang, W.; Jaspers, I.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Simmons, S.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kesic@email.unc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1048 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000049 ER PT J AU Manzo, N Richards, J Slade, R LaGier, A Dye, J AF Manzo, N. Richards, J. Slade, R. LaGier, A. Dye, J. TI Differential Injury In Healthy And Cytokine-Treated Epithelial Cells Exposed To Diesel Exhaust Particles Involves Interaction Of Superoxide And Nitric Oxide SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Richards, J.; Slade, R.; LaGier, A.; Dye, J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1028 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000029 ER PT J AU Padilla-Carlin, DJ Schladweiler, MCJ Kodavanti, UP Shannahan, JH Bern, AM Lowers, HA Meeker, GP Gavett, SH AF Padilla-Carlin, D. J. Schladweiler, M. C. J. Kodavanti, U. P. Shannahan, J. H. Bern, A. M. Lowers, H. A. Meeker, G. P. Gavett, S. H. TI Inflammation And Growth Factor mRNA Expression In Lung Tissue Of F344 Rats Exposed To Libby Amphibole Asbestos SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Padilla-Carlin, D. J.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Durham, NC USA. [Schladweiler, M. C. J.; Kodavanti, U. P.; Gavett, S. H.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Shannahan, J. H.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bern, A. M.] US EPA, Denver, CO USA. [Lowers, H. A.; Meeker, G. P.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM Carlin.Danielle@epa.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1756 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000756 ER PT J AU Rappold, AG Stone, SL Kilaru, V Peters, A Barnett, C Deyneka, L Vaughan-Batten, H Ising, A Szykman, J Cleve, W Meridith, J Carraway, M Cascio, W Devlin, R AF Rappold, A. G. Stone, S. L. Kilaru, V. Peters, A. Barnett, C. Deyneka, L. Vaughan-Batten, H. Ising, A. Szykman, J. Cleve, W. Meridith, J. Carraway, M. Cascio, W. Devlin, R. TI Asthma And Respiratory Related Emergency Room Visits Associated With A Wildfire In Eastern North Carolina In The Summer Of 2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rappold, A. G.; Stone, S. L.; Kilaru, V.; Devlin, R.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Peters, A.] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Neuherberg, Germany. [Barnett, C.] UNC, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Deyneka, L.; Vaughan-Batten, H.] NC Div Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ising, A.] NC DETECT, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Cleve, W.] Pitt Cty Mem Hosp, Greenville, NC USA. [Meridith, J.] ECU, Greenville, SC USA. [Cascio, W.] E Carolina Univ, East Carolina Heart Inst, Greenville, NC USA. EM rappold.ana@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A2423 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771001337 ER PT J AU Schladweiler, MC Krantz, T Davies, D Ledbetter, A Shannahan, JH Richards, JH Thomas, R Padilla-Carlin, DJ Kodavanti, UP AF Schladweiler, M. C. Krantz, T. Davies, D. Ledbetter, A. Shannahan, J. H. Richards, J. H. Thomas, R. Padilla-Carlin, D. J. Kodavanti, U. P. TI Blood Pressure Interventions Affect Acute And Four-Week Diesel Exhaust Induced Pulmonary Injury In Healthy And Hypertensive Rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Schladweiler, M. C.; Krantz, T.; Davies, D.; Ledbetter, A.; Richards, J. H.; Thomas, R.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Shannahan, J. H.; Padilla-Carlin, D. J.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kodavanti, U. P.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1718 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000718 ER PT J AU Schneider, AE Siponen, T Hampel, R Breitner, S Kraus, U Neas, LM Herbst, M Hinderliter, A Cascio, W Peters, A Devlin, RB AF Schneider, A. E. Siponen, T. Hampel, R. Breitner, S. Kraus, U. Neas, L. M. Herbst, M. Hinderliter, A. Cascio, W. Peters, A. Devlin, R. B. TI VASCULAR FUNCTION IN DIABETIC INDIVIDUALS IN ASSOCIATION WITH PARTICULATE MATTER SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Schneider, A. E.; Hampel, R.; Breitner, S.; Kraus, U.; Peters, A.] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Neuherberg, Germany. [Siponen, T.] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Kuopio, Finland. [Neas, L. M.; Devlin, R. B.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Herbst, M.; Hinderliter, A.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Cascio, W.] E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Greenville, NC USA. EM alexandra.schneider@helmholtz-muenchen.de RI Schneider, Alexandra/B-5347-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1710 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000710 ER PT J AU Shannahan, JH Schladweiler, MCJ Padilla-Carlin, DJ Richards, JH Gavett, SH Kodavanti, UP AF Shannahan, J. H. Schladweiler, M. C. J. Padilla-Carlin, D. J. Richards, J. H. Gavett, S. H. Kodavanti, U. P. TI Pulmonary Toxicity And Modifications In Iron Homeostasis Following Libby Amphibole Asbestos Exposure In Rat Models Of Cardiovascular Disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Shannahan, J. H.; Padilla-Carlin, D. J.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Schladweiler, M. C. J.; Richards, J. H.; Gavett, S. H.; Kodavanti, U. P.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM jhshanna@email.unc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1748 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000748 ER PT J AU Silbajoris, R Dailey, LA Simmons, S Osornio-Vargas, AR Samet, JM AF Silbajoris, R. Dailey, L. A. Simmons, S. Osornio-Vargas, A. R. Samet, J. M. TI Exposure To Mexicali PM10 Induces IL-8 Expression Through An Alternative NF kappa B Mechanism In Human Airway Epithelial Cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Silbajoris, R.; Dailey, L. A.] US EPA, NHEERL, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Simmons, S.] US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Osornio-Vargas, A. R.] Inst Nacl Cancerol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Samet, J. M.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1154 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000155 ER PT J AU Stevens, T Cheng, W Jaspers, I Madden, M AF Stevens, T. Cheng, W. Jaspers, I. Madden, M. TI Effect Of Short-term Exposure To Diesel Exhaust Particles And Carboxylic Acids On Mitochondrial Membrane Disruption In Airway Epithelial Cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stevens, T.; Madden, M.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Cheng, W.; Jaspers, I.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM stevens.tina@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1031 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000032 ER PT J AU Thomas, R Schladweiler, MC Shannahan, JH Krantz, T Davies, D Ledbetter, A Padilla-Carlin, DJ Kodavanti, UP AF Thomas, R. Schladweiler, M. C. Shannahan, J. H. Krantz, T. Davies, D. Ledbetter, A. Padilla-Carlin, D. J. Kodavanti, U. P. TI Inhalation Of Whole Diesel Exhaust But Not Gas-Phase Components Affects In Vitro Platelet Aggregation In Hypertensive Rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Thomas, R.; Schladweiler, M. C.; Krantz, T.; Davies, D.; Ledbetter, A.; Kodavanti, U. P.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Shannahan, J. H.; Padilla-Carlin, D. J.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A1721 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771000721 ER PT J AU Turi, JL Mamo, LB Ghio, AJ Piantadosi, CA AF Turi, J. L. Mamo, L. B. Ghio, A. J. Piantadosi, C. A. TI Iron Induces Heme-oxygenase-1 Expression And Activity In Endothelial Cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Turi, J. L.; Mamo, L. B.; Piantadosi, C. A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Ghio, A. J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM turi0002@mc.duke.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A2683 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771001596 ER PT J AU Wang, PM MartinIi, WJ AF Wang, P. M. Martin, W. J., II TI Pulmonary Lymphangiogenesis Quantified Following Bleomycin Lung Injury SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wang, P. M.; Martin, W. J., II] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2010 VL 181 MA A2776 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29TP UT WOS:000208771001689 ER PT J AU Messer, LC Luben, TJ Mendola, P Carozza, SE Horel, SA Langlois, PH AF Messer, Lynne C. Luben, Thomas J. Mendola, Pauline Carozza, Susan E. Horel, Scott A. Langlois, Peter H. TI Urban-Rural Residence and the Occurrence of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate in Texas, 1999-2003 SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cleft Palate; Cleft Lip; Orofacial Clefts; Urban; Rural; Texas ID BIRTH-DEFECTS; ORAL CLEFTS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MISSISSIPPI; PATTERNS; IMPACT AB PURPOSE: The etiology of orofacial clefts is complex and relatively unknown. Variation in cleft lip with or without palate (CLP) and cleft palate alone (CP) was examined in Texas across urban-rural residence (1999 to 2003). METHODS: Cases came from the Texas Birth Defects Registry (1,949 CLP and 1,054 CP) and denominator data came from vital records (254 counties; 1,827,317 live births). Variation in maternal residence was measured using four classification schemes: Rural Urban Continuum Codes, Urban Influence Codes, percentage of county in cropland, and Rural Urban Commuting Areas. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios, adjusted for infant sex, plurality, gestational age, maternal parity, age, race/ethnicity, and education. RESULTS: Compared to the most urban referent category, living in more rural areas was associated with an increased adjusted risk of CLP. For example, the Rural-Urban Continuum Codes demonstrated elevated risks for CLP in "thinly populated areas" compared to "metropolitan-urban areas" (adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.9; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.2-2.8); CP was not similarly associated. Percentage of county cropland was not consistently associated with any outcome. CONCLUSION: The association patterns between non-urban residence and risk of CLP, except for percentage of cropland, suggests a constellation of exposures that may differ across urban-rural residence. Ann Epidemiol 2010;20:32-39. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Messer, Lynne C.] Duke Global Hlth Inst, Ctr Hlth Policy, Hlth Inequal Program, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Luben, Thomas J.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Mendola, Pauline] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Carozza, Susan E.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Horel, Scott A.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Rural Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX USA. [Langlois, Peter H.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. RP Messer, LC (reprint author), Duke Global Hlth Inst, Ctr Hlth Policy, Hlth Inequal Program, 2812 Erwin Rd,Suite 403,Room 459, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM lynne.messer@duke.edu OI Mendola, Pauline/0000-0001-5330-2844 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the Texas Department of State Health Services Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention [U50/CCU613232] FX This study was supported in part through the cooperative agreement U50/CCU613232 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the Texas Department of State Health Services Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention. NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 20 IS 1 BP 32 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.09.006 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 574NS UT WOS:000275997600005 PM 20006274 ER PT J AU Geller, JB Darling, JA Carlton, JT AF Geller, Jonathan B. Darling, John A. Carlton, James T. TI Genetic Perspectives on Marine Biological Invasions SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE SE Annual Review of Marine Science LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE invasive species; molecular genetics; cryptic species; multiple introductions; cryptogenic species ID SYNIDOTEA-LAEVIDORSALIS MIERS; SNAIL LITTORINA-LITTOREA; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; HUMAN-MEDIATED INVASION; MULTIPLE INTRODUCTIONS; NORTH-AMERICA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SPECIES INVASIONS; RANGE EXPANSION; MYTILUS-GALLOPROVINCIALIS AB The extent to which the geographic distributions of marine organisms have been reshaped by human activities remains underappreciated, and so does, consequently, the impact of invasive species on marine ecosystems. The application of molecular genetic data in fields such as population genetics, phylogeography, and evolutionary biology have improved our ability to make inferences regarding invasion histories. Genetic methods have helped to resolve longstanding questions regarding the cryptogenic status of marine species, facilitated recognition of cryptic marine biodiversity, and provided means to determine the sources of introduced marine populations and to begin to recover the patterns of anthropogenic reshuffling of the ocean's biota. These approaches stand to aid materially in the development of effective management strategies and sustainable science-based policies. Continued advancements in the statistical analysis of genetic data promise to overcome some existing limitations of current approaches. Still other limitations will be best addressed by concerted collaborative and multidisciplinary efforts that recognize the important synergy between understanding the extent of biological invasions and coming to a more complete picture of both modern-day and historical marine biogeography. C1 [Geller, Jonathan B.] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. [Darling, John A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45208 USA. [Carlton, James T.] Williams Coll, Seaport Maritime Studies Program, Mystic, CT 06355 USA. RP Geller, JB (reprint author), Moss Landing Marine Labs, Pob 450, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. EM geller@mlml.calstate.edu; darling.john@epa.gov; jcarlton@williams.edu NR 121 TC 109 Z9 111 U1 3 U2 98 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 1941-1405 EI 1941-0611 J9 ANNU REV MAR SCI JI Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. PY 2010 VL 2 BP 367 EP 393 DI 10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163745 PG 27 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 548SA UT WOS:000273985300014 PM 21141669 ER PT J AU Samet, JM Tal, TL AF Samet, James M. Tal, Tamara L. TI Toxicological Disruption of Signaling Homeostasis: Tyrosine Phosphatases as Targets SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY SE Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE protein tyrosine phosphatase; cell signaling; toxicology ID EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; AIRWAY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; OIL FLY-ASH; OXYGEN SPECIES GENERATION; DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; FACTOR RECEPTOR; OXIDATIVE STRESS; REDOX REGULATION; MAP KINASE AB The protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) consist of a diverse group of enzymes whose activity opposes that of the tyrosine kinases. As such, the PTPs have critical roles in maintaining signaling quiescence in resting cells and in restoring homeostasis by effecting signal termination. Interest in these enzymes has increased in recent years following the discovery that the activity of PTPs is modulated through redox mechanisms during signaling. The molecular features that enable redox regulation of PTPs during physiological signaling also render them highly susceptible to oxidative and electrophilic inactivation by a broad spectrum of structurally disparate xenobiotic compounds. The loss of PTP activity results in a profound disregulation of protein phosphotyrosine metabolism, leading to widespread and persistent activation of signaling cascades in the cell. C1 [Samet, James M.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Elffects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Tal, Tamara L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Elffects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM Samet.James@epa.gov NR 160 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0362-1642 EI 1545-4304 J9 ANNU REV PHARMACOL JI Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. PY 2010 VL 50 BP 215 EP 235 DI 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.010909.105841 PG 21 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 557QX UT WOS:000274686300009 PM 20055703 ER PT S AU Garantziotis, S Schwartz, DA AF Garantziotis, Stavros Schwartz, David A. BE Fielding, JE Brownson, RC Green, LW TI Ecogenomics of Respiratory Diseases of Public Health Significance SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH, VOL 31 SE Annual Review of Public Health LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE asthma; COPD; pulmonary fibrosis; respiratory infection; gene-environment interactions ID MANNOSE-BINDING LECTIN; IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY-FIBROSIS; GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; VIRUS-INFECTION; SEPTIC SHOCK; LUNG-DISEASE; PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTION; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; HISTONE DEACETYLASE AB Gene-environment interactions are the indisputable cause of most respiratory diseases. However, we still have very limited understanding of the mechanisms that guide these interactions. Although the conceptual approaches to environmental genomics were established several decades ago, the tools are only now available to better define the mechanisms that underlie the interactions among these important etiological features ()flung disease. In this article, we summarize recent insights in the environmental genomics (ecogenomics) of common nonmalignant respiratory diseases (asthma, COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, and respiratory infections), describe the framework of gene-environment interactions that inform the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases, and propose future research directions that will help translate scientific advances into public health gains. C1 [Garantziotis, Stavros] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Clin Res Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Garantziotis, Stavros] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Schwartz, David A.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Denver, CO 80206 USA. [Schwartz, David A.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Ctr Genes Environm & Hlth, Denver, CO 80206 USA. RP Garantziotis, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Clin Res Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Garantziotis@niehs.nih.gov; SchwartzD@NJHealth.org RI Garantziotis, Stavros/A-6903-2009 OI Garantziotis, Stavros/0000-0003-4007-375X FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES102605-01, ZIA ES102605-04, ZIA ES102605-03, ZIA ES102605-02] NR 100 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0163-7525 BN 978-0-8243-2731-6 J9 ANNU REV PUBL HEALTH JI Annu. Rev. Public Health PY 2010 VL 31 BP 37 EP 51 DI 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103633 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BOX22 UT WOS:000277908800004 PM 20070197 ER PT S AU Rock, SA AF Rock, S. A. BE Kulakow, PA Pidlisnyuk, VV TI EVAPOTRANSPIRATION COVERS FOR LANDFILLS SO APPLICATION OF PHYTOTECHNOLOGIES FOR CLEANUP OF INDUSTRIAL, AGRICULTURAL, AND WASTEWATER CONTAMINATION SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Application of Phytotechnologies for Cleanup of Industrial, Agricultural and Wastewater Contamination CY JUN 04-07, 2007 CL Kamenetz Podilsky, UKRAINE SP NATO Sci Peace Program DE evapotranspiration covers; landfill covers; solid waste; phytotechnologies AB Safe disposal or containment of waste Continues to be one of the world's largest environmental challenges. If not properly handled, wastes from municipal, commercial, industrial, and mining sources can pollute Surface and groundwater, and release damaging gases. One potentially useful technology is the evapotranspiration (ET) cover for landfills and waste sites. Designed to use engineered soil and vegetation layers, an ET cover absorbs, holds, and releases precipitation in order to minimize percolation into the waste mass. This chapter describes some of the physical, legal, and economic considerations of ET covers. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Rock, SA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Blvd, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM rock.steven@epa.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-90-481-3590-5 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR PY 2010 BP 189 EP 198 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3592-9_13 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Environmental; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BMR29 UT WOS:000273388200013 ER PT J AU He, YT Fitzmaurice, AG Bilgin, A Choi, S O'Day, P Horst, J Harrington, J Reisinger, HJ Burris, DR Hering, JG AF He, Y. Thomas Fitzmaurice, Arthur G. Bilgin, Azra Choi, Sunkyung O'Day, Peggy Horst, John Harrington, James Reisinger, H. James Burris, David R. Hering, Janet G. TI Geochemical processes controlling arsenic mobility in groundwater: A case study of arsenic mobilization and natural attenuation SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER; WEST-BENGAL; IRON REDUCTION; DISSIMILATORY REDUCTION; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; CONTAMINANT FLUXES; UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; FERRIC IRON; WATER AB The behavior of As in the subsurface environment was examined along a transect of groundwater monitoring wells at a Superfund site, where enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) is being used for the remediation of groundwater contaminated with chlorinated solvents. The-transect was installed parallel to the groundwater flow direction through the treatment area. The ERD technology involves the injection of organic C (OC) to stimulate in situ microbial dechlorination processes. A secondary effect of the ERD treatment at this site, however, is the mobilization of As, as well as Fe and Mn. The concentrations of these elements are low in groundwater collected upgradient of the ERD treatment area, indicating that, in the absence of the injected OC, the As that occurs naturally in the sediment is relatively immobile. Batch experiments conducted using sediments from the site inoculated with an Fe(III)- and As(V)-reducing bacterium and amended with lactate resulted in mobilization of As, Fe and Mn, suggesting that As mobilization in the field is due to microbial processes. In the areas of the transect downgradient of the ERD treatment area, however, the concentrations of OC, As, Fe and Mn in the groundwater are not elevated relative to background levels. The decrease in the dissolved concentration of OC can be attributed to mineralization by microorganisms. The losses of As Fe, and Mn from the dissolved phase must presumably be accompanied by their uptake onto aquifer solids, but chemical extractions provided evidence only for the enrichment of Fe(H). Nor could sorption of As(III) onto sediments be detected by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) against the background of native As in the sediments, which was present as As(V). (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [He, Y. Thomas; Fitzmaurice, Arthur G.; Bilgin, Azra; Hering, Janet G.] CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Choi, Sunkyung; O'Day, Peggy] Univ Calif, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Horst, John; Harrington, James] Arcadis G&M Inc, Newtown, PA 18940 USA. [Reisinger, H. James; Burris, David R.] Integrated Sci & Technol Inc, Marietta, GA 30060 USA. RP He, YT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Groundwater & Ecosyst Restorat Div, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM he.yongtian@epa.gov FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [ER1374] FX Funding for this work was provided by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP, #ER1374). The authors would like to acknowledge Bob Simeone (BRAC Coordinator for Ft. Devens) for his assistance, D. Newman and D. Malasarn (Caltech) for providing the bacterial culture, and Nathan Dalleska (Caltech) for assistance with instrumental analysis. Part of this research was carried Out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 68 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 25 IS 1 BP 69 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.10.002 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 547XM UT WOS:000273923200006 ER PT S AU Polshettiwar, V Varma, RS AF Polshettiwar, Vivek Varma, Rajender S. BE Polshettiwar, V Varma, RS TI Fundamentals of Aqueous Microwave Chemistry SO AQUEOUS MICROWAVE ASSISTED CHEMISTRY: SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS SE RSC Green Chemistry Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ASSISTED ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; RING-CLOSING METATHESIS; GREEN CHEMISTRY; IONIC LIQUID; IRRADIATION; SOLVENTS; CARBIDE; WATER C1 [Polshettiwar, Vivek; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Polshettiwar, V (reprint author), King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, KAUST Catalysis Ctr KCC, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia. OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668 NR 44 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1757-7039 BN 978-1-84973-038-9 J9 RSC GREEN CHEM SER PY 2010 IS 7 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1039/9781849730990-00001 D2 10.1039/9781849730990 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA BPR16 UT WOS:000279682300001 ER PT S AU Polshettiwar, V Varma, RS AF Polshettiwar, Vivek Varma, Rajender S. BE Polshettiwar, V Varma, RS TI Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Bio-active Heterocycles in Aqueous Media SO AQUEOUS MICROWAVE ASSISTED CHEMISTRY: SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS SE RSC Green Chemistry Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS; GREEN CHEMISTRY; MULTICOMPONENT REACTIONS; PHTHALAZINE DERIVATIVES; IRRADIATION CONDITIONS; N-HETEROCYCLIZATION; PROMOTED SYNTHESIS; CLEAN SYNTHESIS; DRUG DISCOVERY C1 [Polshettiwar, Vivek; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Polshettiwar, V (reprint author), King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, KAUST Catalysis Ctr KCC, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia. OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668 NR 75 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1757-7039 BN 978-1-84973-038-9 J9 RSC GREEN CHEM SER PY 2010 IS 7 BP 91 EP 122 DI 10.1039/9781849730990-00091 D2 10.1039/9781849730990 PG 32 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA BPR16 UT WOS:000279682300004 ER PT S AU Baruwati, B Polshettiwar, V Varma, RS AF Baruwati, Babita Polshettiwar, Vivek Varma, Rajender S. BE Polshettiwar, V Varma, RS TI Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media SO AQUEOUS MICROWAVE ASSISTED CHEMISTRY: SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS SE RSC Green Chemistry Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; ENCAPSULATED NANOPARTICLE PRECURSORS; SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; ALLOYED QUANTUM DOTS; RAPID SYNTHESIS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS C1 [Baruwati, Babita; Polshettiwar, Vivek; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Baruwati, B (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668 NR 174 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1757-7039 BN 978-1-84973-038-9 J9 RSC GREEN CHEM SER PY 2010 IS 7 BP 176 EP 216 DI 10.1039/9781849730990-00176 D2 10.1039/9781849730990 PG 41 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA BPR16 UT WOS:000279682300007 ER PT J AU Romitti, PA Watanabe-Galloway, S Budelier, WT Lynch, CF Puzhankara, S Wong-Gibbons, D Hoppin, JA Alavanja, MCR AF Romitti, Paul A. Watanabe-Galloway, Shinobu Budelier, William T. Lynch, Charles F. Puzhankara, Soman Wong-Gibbons, Donna Hoppin, Jane A. Alavanja, Michael C. R. TI Identification of Iowa Live Births in the Agricultural Health Study SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE children; occupational exposures; pesticides; pregnancy; prospective cohort ID PESTICIDE APPLICATORS; EXPOSURE; RISK; CHILDREN; COHORT; CRYPTORCHIDISM; PARTICIPANTS; PREGNANCY; RECORDS; ISSUES AB In the Agricultural Health Study, information on participant live births was largely provided by female partners of male private applicators. At the Iowa site, such information was available for 13,599 (42.9%) of 31,707 applicators. To improve identification of live births among Iowa participants, we used a probabilistic and deterministic approach to link available demographic data from 31,707 households and information on live births from 13,599 households with 1,014,916 Iowa birth certificates. Record linkage identified 16,611 (93.7%) of 17,719 reported live births and 17,883 additional live births, most (14,411 or 80.6%) not reported due to nonresponse by female partners. This record linkage produced an expanded cohort of live-born children among Iowa participants, which will facilitate improved study of the effects of agricultural exposures, including pesticides, on selected birth outcomes and childhood disease. C1 [Romitti, Paul A.; Budelier, William T.; Lynch, Charles F.; Puzhankara, Soman; Wong-Gibbons, Donna] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Watanabe-Galloway, Shinobu] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Omaha, NE USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Alavanja, Michael C. R.] Natl Canc Inst, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Romitti, PA (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 200 Hawkins Dr,C21E-GH, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM paul-romitti@uiowa.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU 713238, U01DD000492]; University of Iowa Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination [18018259]; National Institutes of Health; National Cancer Institute; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX The grant sponsors for this study are the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U50/CCU 713238, U01DD000492) and The University of Iowa Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination (18018259). The Agricultural Health Study was funded by the intramural research programs of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA SN 1933-8244 J9 ARCH ENVIRON OCCUP H JI Arch. Environ. Occup. Health PY 2010 VL 65 IS 3 BP 154 EP 162 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 645BH UT WOS:000281425400007 PM 20705576 ER PT J AU Drobna, Z Walton, FS Paul, DS Xing, WB Thomas, DJ Styblo, M AF Drobna, Zuzana Walton, Felecia S. Paul, David S. Xing, Weibing Thomas, David J. Styblo, Miroslav TI Metabolism of arsenic in human liver: the role of membrane transporters SO ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Arsenic; Human liver; Membrane transport ID GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; MONOMETHYLARSONOUS ACID MMA(III); INDUCED MALIGNANT-TRANSFORMATION; RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN-2; PRIMARY HUMAN HEPATOCYTES; IN-VITRO METHYLATION; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE; METHYLARSONOUS ACID; RAT-LIVER; PENTAVALENT ARSENICALS AB Metabolism of inorganic arsenic (iAs) is one of the key factors determining the character of adverse effects associated with exposure to iAs. Results of previous studies indicate that liver plays a primary role in iAs metabolism. This paper reviews these results and presents new data that link the capacity of human hepatocytes to metabolize iAs to the expression of specific membrane transporters. Here, we examined relationship between the expression of potential arsenic transporters (AQP9, GLUT2, P-gp, MRP1, MRP2, and MRP3) and the production and cellular retention of iAs and its methylated metabolites in primary cultures of human hepatocytes exposed for 24 h to subtoxic concentrations of arsenite. Our results show that the retention of iAs and methylarsenic metabolites (MAs) by hepatocytes exposed to sub-micromolar concentrations of arsenite correlates negatively with MRP2 expression. A positive correlation was found between MRP2 expression and the production of dimethylarsenic metabolites (DMAs), specifically, the concentration of DMAs in culture media. After exposures to high micromolar concentrations of arsenite which almost completely inhibited MAs and DMAs production, a positive correlation was found between the expression of GLUT2 and cellular retention of iAs and MAs. MRP3, AQP9, or P-gp expression had no effect on the production or distribution of iAs, MAs, or DMAs, regardless of the exposure level. Hepatocytes from seven donors used in this study did not contain detectable amounts of MRP1 protein. These data suggest that MRP2 plays an important role in the efflux of DMAs, thus, regulating kinetics of the methylation reactions and accumulation of iAs and MAs by human hepatocytes. The membrane transport of iAs by high-capacity GLUT2 transporters is not a rate-limiting step for the metabolism of arsenite at low exposure level, but may play a key role in accumulation of iAs after acute exposures which inhibit iAs methylation. C1 [Drobna, Zuzana; Walton, Felecia S.; Paul, David S.; Styblo, Miroslav] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Xing, Weibing] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Thomas, David J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Styblo, Miroslav] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Styblo, M (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, CB 7461,2302 MHRC, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM styblo@med.unc.edu FU NIH [R01 010845-01A2]; US EPA [CR829522]; Clinical Nutrition Research Center [DK 56350] FX We thank our colleagues Dr. Barry Rosen (Wayne State University) and Dr. Zijuan Liu (Oakland University) for useful and instructive discussions of the topics covered by this manuscript. The research presented here was supported by NIH grant R01 010845-01A2 to M. S., by US EPA Cooperative Agreement CR829522 and by the Clinical Nutrition Research Center Grant DK 56350. This manuscript has been reviewed in accordance with the policy of the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitutes endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 74 TC 57 Z9 64 U1 4 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-5761 J9 ARCH TOXICOL JI Arch. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 84 IS 1 BP 3 EP 16 DI 10.1007/s00204-009-0499-7 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 536FV UT WOS:000273031200002 PM 20020104 ER PT J AU Lin, CJ Pan, L Streets, DG Shetty, SK Jang, C Feng, X Chu, HW Ho, TC AF Lin, C. -J. Pan, L. Streets, D. G. Shetty, S. K. Jang, C. Feng, X. Chu, H. -W. Ho, T. C. TI Estimating mercury emission outflow from East Asia using CMAQ-Hg SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GASEOUS ELEMENTAL MERCURY; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; SCIENTIFIC UNCERTAINTIES; AMBIENT AIR; PARTICULATE MERCURY; SPECIATED MERCURY; DEPOSITION FLUXES; CHINA; MODEL; TRANSPORT AB East Asia contributes to nearly 50% of the global anthropogenic mercury emissions into the atmosphere. Recently, there have been concerns about the long-range transport of mercury from East Asia, which may lead to enhanced dry and wet depositions in other regions. In this study, we performed four monthly simulations (January, April, July and October in 2005) using CMAQ-Hg v4.6 for a number of emission inventory scenarios in an East Asian model domain. Coupled with mass balance analyses, the chemical transport of mercury in East Asia and the resulted mercury emission outflow were investigated. The total annual mercury deposition in the region was estimated to be 821 Mg, with 396Mg contributed by wet deposition and 425 Mg by dry deposition. Anthropogenic emissions were responsible for most of the estimated deposition (75%). The deposition caused by emissions from natural sources was less important (25%). Regional mercury transport budgets showed strong seasonal variability, with a net removal of RGM (7-15 Mg month(-1)) and PHg (13-21 Mg month(-1)) in the domain, and a net export of GEM (60-130 Mg month(-1)) from the domain. The outflow caused by East Asian emissions (anthropogenic plus natural) was estimated to be in the range of 1369-1671 Mgyr(-1), of which 50-60% was caused by emissions from natural sources. The emission outflow represented about 75% of the total mercury emissions in the region, and would contribute to 20-30% of mercury deposition in remote receptors. C1 [Lin, C. -J.] Lamar Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. [Lin, C. -J.] S China Univ Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Pan, L.; Chu, H. -W.] Lamar Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. [Streets, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Shetty, S. K.; Ho, T. C.] Lamar Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. [Jang, C.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Feng, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Environm Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China. RP Lin, CJ (reprint author), Lamar Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. EM jerry.lin@lamar.edu RI Feng, Xinbin/F-4512-2011; Pan, Li/G-1327-2012; Lin, Che-Jen/K-1808-2013; OI Feng, Xinbin/0000-0002-7462-8998; Lin, Che-Jen/0000-0001-5990-3093; Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 FU Texas Air Research Center [078LUB3068A]; Texas Commission on Environmental Quality [582-7-83975]; USEPA Office of Air Quality Planning Standards [6-321-0210288]; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences FX The study is sponsored in parts by the Texas Air Research Center (Project No: 078LUB3068A), Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (Umbrella Contract No. 582-7-83975), USEPA Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards (RTI Subcontract Number: 6-321-0210288), and the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The funding support is gratefully acknowledged. NR 63 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 26 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2010 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1853 EP 1864 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 559TS UT WOS:000274851500023 ER PT J AU Lin, M Walker, J Geron, C Khlystov, A AF Lin, M. Walker, J. Geron, C. Khlystov, A. TI Organic nitrogen in PM2.5 aerosol at a forest site in the Southeast US SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMIC-LIKE SUBSTANCES; FINE PARTICLES PM2.5; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; ALIPHATIC-AMINES; FOG WATERS; DEPOSITION; SECONDARY; CHEMISTRY; PHOSPHORUS AB There is growing evidence that organo-nitrogen compounds may constitute a significant fraction of the aerosol nitrogen (N) budget. However, very little is known about the abundance and origin of this aerosol fraction. In this study, the concentration of organic nitrogen (ON) and major inorganic ions in PM2.5 aerosol were measured at the Duke Forest Research Facility near Chapel Hill, NC, during January and June of 2007. A novel on-line instrument was used, which is based on the Steam Jet Aerosol Collector (SJAC) coupled to an on-line total carbon/total nitrogen analyzer and two on-line ion chromatographs. The concentration of ON was determined by tracking the difference in concentrations of total nitrogen and of inorganic nitrogen (determined as the sum of N-ammonium and N-nitrate). The time resolution of the instrument was 30 min with a detection limit for major aerosol components of similar to 0.1 mu g m(-3). Nitrogen in organic compounds contributed similar to 33% on average to the total nitrogen concentration in PM2.5, illustrating the importance of this aerosol component. Absolute concentrations of ON, however, were relatively low (< 1.0 mu g m(-3)) with an average of 0.16 mu g m(-3). The absolute and relative contribution of ON to the total aerosol nitrogen budget was practically the same in January and June. In January, the concentration of ON tended to be higher during the night and early morning, while in June it tended to be higher during the late afternoon and evening. Back-trajectories and correlation with wind direction indicate that higher concentrations of ON occur in air masses originating over the continental US, while marine air masses are characterized by lower ON concentrations. The data presented in this study suggests that ON has a variety of sources, which are very difficult to quantify without information on chemical composition of this important aerosol fraction. C1 [Lin, M.; Khlystov, A.] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Walker, J.; Geron, C.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Khlystov, A (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Box 90287, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM andrey@duke.edu RI Khlystov, Andrey/C-6134-2009; Walker, John/I-8880-2014 OI Khlystov, Andrey/0000-0001-9606-3919; Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514 FU US Environmental Protection Agency; National Risk Management Research Laboratory; Research Triangle Park, NC; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-95ER62083] FX This research was funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC. Mention of trade names does not constitute endorsement or recommendation of a commercial product by US EPA or the US Department of Agriculture. The Duke FACE site is supported by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy, Grant No. DE-FG02-95ER62083. We are grateful to Yilin Ma for her contribution to the development of the ON instrument. NR 55 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 27 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2010 VL 10 IS 5 BP 2145 EP 2157 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 568ER UT WOS:000275505500005 ER PT J AU Yu, S Mathur, R Sarwar, G Kang, D Tong, D Pouliot, G Pleim, J AF Yu, S. Mathur, R. Sarwar, G. Kang, D. Tong, D. Pouliot, G. Pleim, J. TI Eta-CMAQ air quality forecasts for O-3 and related species using three different photochemical mechanisms (CB4, CB05, SAPRC-99): comparisons with measurements during the 2004 ICARTT study SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TRANSPORT MODELS; SYSTEM; CHEMISTRY; EQUATIONS; EMISSIONS AB A critical module of air quality models is the photochemical mechanism. In this study, the impact of the three photochemical mechanisms (CB4, CB05, SAPRC-99) on the Eta-Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model's forecast performance for O-3, and its related precursors has been assessed over the eastern United States with observations obtained by aircraft (NOAA P-3 and NASA DC-8) flights, ship and two surface networks (AIRNow and AIRMAP) during the 2004 International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT) study. The results show that overall none of the mechanisms performs systematically better than the others. On the other hand, at the AIRNow surface sites, CB05 has the best performance with the normalized mean bias (NMB) of 3.9%, followed by CB4 (NMB=-5.7%) and SAPRC-99 (NMB=10.6%) for observed O-3 >= 75 ppb, whereas CB4 has the best performance with the least overestimation for observed O-3 < 75 ppb. On the basis of comparisons with aircraft P-3 measurements, there were consistent overestimations of O-3, NOz, PAN and NOy and consistent underestimations of CO, HNO3, NO2, NO, SO2 and terpenes for all three mechanisms although the NMB values for each species and mechanisms were different. The results of aircraft DC-8 show that CB05 predicts the H2O2 mixing ratios most closely to the observations (NMB=10.8%), whereas CB4 and SAPRC-99 overestimated (NMB=74.7%) and underestimated (NMB=-25.5%) H2O2 mixing ratios significantly, respectively. For different air mass flows over the Gulf of Maine on the basis of the ship data, the three mechanisms have relatively better performance for O-3, isoprene and SO2 for the clean marine or continental flows but relatively better performance for CO, NO2 and NO for southwesterly/westerly offshore flows. The results of the O-3-NOz slopes over the ocean indicate that SAPRC-99 has the highest upper limits of the ozone production efficiency (epsilon(N)) (5.8), followed by CB05 (4.5) and CB4 (4.0) although they are much lower than that inferred from the observation (11.8), being consistent with the fact that on average, SAPRC-99 produces the highest O-3, followed by CB05 and CB4, across all O-3 mixing ratio ranges. C1 [Yu, S.; Mathur, R.; Sarwar, G.; Pouliot, G.; Pleim, J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kang, D.] Comp Sci Corp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Tong, D.] Sci & Technol Corp, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Yu, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM yu.shaocai@epa.gov RI yu, shaocai/F-1394-2014; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017; Tong, Daniel/A-8255-2008; yu, shaocai/G-7806-2011 OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082; Pouliot, George/0000-0003-3406-4814; Tong, Daniel/0000-0002-4255-4568; FU NOAA's Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; United States Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors would like to thank S. T. Rao, D. Luecken and two anonymous reviewers for the constructive and very helpful comments that led to a substantial strengthening of the content of the paper. We thank Jeff McQueen, Pius Lee, and Marina Tsidulko for collaboration and critical assistance in performing the forecast simulations. We are grateful to the 2004 ICARTT investigators for making their measurement data available. The AIRMAP data were obtained from the University of New Hampshire's AIRMAP Observing Stations that are supported through NOAA's Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 31 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 10 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2010 VL 10 IS 6 BP 3001 EP 3025 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 576XA UT WOS:000276182100029 ER PT J AU Ma, Y Hays, MD Geron, CD Walker, JT Gichuru, MJG AF Ma, Y. Hays, M. D. Geron, C. D. Walker, J. T. Gichuru, M. J. Gatari TI Technical Note: Fast two-dimensional GC-MS with thermal extraction for anhydro-sugars in fine aerosols SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BIOMASS BURNING AEROSOLS; WOOD STOVE COMBUSTION; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; PARTICLE EMISSIONS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; UNITED-STATES; FIREPLACE COMBUSTION AB A fast two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC-MS) method that uses heart-cutting and thermal extraction (TE) and requires no chemical derivatization was developed for the determination of anhydro-sugars in fine aerosols. Evaluation of the TE-GC-GC-MS method shows high average relative accuracy (>= 90%), reproducibility (< 10% relative standard deviation), detection limits of less than 3 ng/mu L, and negligible carryover for levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan markers. TE-GC-GC-MS- and solvent extraction (SE)-GC-MS-measured levoglucosan concentrations correlate across several diverse types of biomass burning aerosols. Because the SE-GC-MS measurements were taken 8 years prior to the TE-GC-GC-MS ones, the stability of levoglucosan is established for quartz filter-collected biomass burning aerosol samples stored at ultra-low temperature (-50 degrees C). Levoglucosan concentrations (w/w) in aerosols collected following atmospheric dilution near open fires of varying intensity are similar to those in biomass burning aerosols produced in a laboratory enclosure. An average levoglucosan-mannosan-galactosan ratio of 15:2:1 is observed for these two aerosol sets. TE-GC-GC-MS analysis of atmospheric aerosols from the US and Africa produced levoglucosan concentrations (0.01-1.6 mu g/m(3)) well within those reported for aerosols collected globally and examined using different analytical techniques (0.004-7.6 mu g/m(3)). Further comparisons among techniques suggest that fast TE-GC-GC-MS is among the most sensitive, accurate, and precise methods for compound-specific quantification of anhydro-sugars. In addition, an approximately twofold increase in anhydro-sugar determination may be realized when combining TE with fast chromatography. C1 [Ma, Y.; Hays, M. D.; Geron, C. D.; Walker, J. T.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gichuru, M. J. Gatari] Univ Nairobi, Coll Architecture & Engn, Inst Nucl Sci & Technol, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Hays, MD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hays.michael@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013; Walker, John/I-8880-2014 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660; Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514 FU US Environmental Protection Agency; International Programs in the Physical Sciences (IPPS) at Uppsala University, Sweden; Joint Fire Sciences Research Program FX This project was supported in part by Yilin Ma's appointment to the Research Participation Program at the US Environmental Protection Agency, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and EPA. International Programs in the Physical Sciences (IPPS) at Uppsala University, Sweden, supported the field sampling campaigns in Nairobi, Kenya through the support program for INST, University of Nairobi. The authors also thank Jeff Collett's research group at Colorado State University for supplying the galactosan standard. The authors also acknowledge partial support by the Joint Fire Sciences Research Program. Bob Mickler of Alion Science assisted in field sample collection. NR 56 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 24 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2010 VL 10 IS 9 BP 4331 EP 4341 DI 10.5194/acp-10-4331-2010 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 595HQ UT WOS:000277601700016 ER PT J AU Misztal, PK Owen, SM Guenther, AB Rasmussen, R Geron, C Harley, P Phillips, GJ Ryan, A Edwards, DP Hewitt, CN Nemitz, E Siong, J Heal, MR Cape, JN AF Misztal, P. K. Owen, S. M. Guenther, A. B. Rasmussen, R. Geron, C. Harley, P. Phillips, G. J. Ryan, A. Edwards, D. P. Hewitt, C. N. Nemitz, E. Siong, J. Heal, M. R. Cape, J. N. TI Large estragole fluxes from oil palms in Borneo SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID REACTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ISOPRENE EMISSION; PTR-MS; BIOGENIC EMISSIONS; OXIDATION-PRODUCTS; UNITED-STATES; RAIN-FOREST; POLLINATION; MODEL AB During two field campaigns (OP3 and ACES), which ran in Borneo in 2008, we measured large emissions of estragole (methyl chavicol; IUPAC systematic name 1-allyl-4-methoxybenzene; CAS number 140-67-0) in ambient air above oil palm canopies (0.81 mg m(-2) h(-1) and 3.2 ppbv for mean midday fluxes and mixing ratios respectively) and subsequently from flower enclosures. However, we did not detect this compound at a nearby rainforest. Estragole is a known attractant of the African oil palm weevil (Elaeidobius kamerunicus), which pollinates oil palms (Elaeis guineensis). There has been recent interest in the biogenic emissions of estragole but it is normally not included in atmospheric models of biogenic emissions and atmospheric chemistry despite its relatively high potential for secondary organic aerosol formation from photooxidation and high reactivity with OH radical. We report the first direct canopy-scale measurements of estragole fluxes from tropical oil palms by the virtual disjunct eddy covariance technique and compare them with previously reported data for estragole emissions from Ponderosa pine. Flowers, rather than leaves, appear to be the main source of estragole from oil palms; we derive a global estimate of estragole emissions from oil palm plantations of similar to 0.5 Tg y(-1). The observed ecosystem mean fluxes (0.44 mg m(-2) h(-1)) and mean ambient volume mixing ratios (3.0 ppbv) of estragole are the highest reported so far. The value for midday mixing ratios is not much different from the total average as, unlike other VOCs (e.g. isoprene), the main peak occurred in the evening rather than in the middle of the day. Despite this, we show that the estragole flux can be parameterised using a modified G06 algorithm for emission. However, the model underestimates the afternoon peak even though a similar approach works well for isoprene. Our measurements suggest that this biogenic compound may have an impact on regional atmospheric chemistry that previously has not been accounted for in models and could become more important in the future due to expansion of the areas of oil palm plantation. C1 [Misztal, P. K.; Owen, S. M.; Phillips, G. J.; Nemitz, E.; Siong, J.; Cape, J. N.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. [Misztal, P. K.; Heal, M. R.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Chem, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Ryan, A.; Hewitt, C. N.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. [Guenther, A. B.; Harley, P.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Geron, C.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rasmussen, R.] Oregon Grad Inst, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Portland, OR 97291 USA. [Edwards, D. P.] Univ Leeds, Inst Integrat & Comparat Biol, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Siong, J.] Univ Malaysia Sabah, Sch Sci & Technol, Sabah 88999, Malaysia. RP Misztal, PK (reprint author), Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. EM pawel.m@ed.ac.uk RI Ryan, Annette/B-2815-2010; Hewitt, Charles Nicholas/B-1219-2009; Phillips, Gavin/A-6570-2009; Owen, Susan/A-5051-2009; Misztal, Pawel/B-8371-2009; Cape, John/A-4833-2008; Nemitz, Eiko/I-6121-2012; Harley, Peter/E-1856-2014; Heal, Mathew/I-3725-2012; Guenther, Alex/B-1617-2008 OI Hewitt, Charles Nicholas/0000-0001-7973-2666; Phillips, Gavin/0000-0003-4443-0822; Misztal, Pawel/0000-0003-1060-1750; Cape, John/0000-0002-5538-588X; Nemitz, Eiko/0000-0002-1765-6298; Harley, Peter/0000-0002-2647-1973; Heal, Mathew/0000-0001-5539-7293; Guenther, Alex/0000-0001-6283-8288 FU UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); Centre for Ecology Hydrology; School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh FX This work was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) through the ACES (Aerosol Coupling in the Earth System) project of the APPRAISE (Aerosol Properties, PRocesses and InfluenceS on the Earth's climate) research programme. Pawel Misztal thanks his supervisors J. Neil Cape and Mathew R. Heal, and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and the School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, for funding his PhD. We are grateful to the Sabahmas Plantation of PPB Oil Palms Bhd., and in particular to Mr. Foo Koh Kei (senior manager) and Mr. Chang Sip Woon (group manager) for the provision of lodging, transport and site infrastructure. This is paper number 505 of the Royal Society's South East Asian Rainforest Research Programme. NR 58 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 20 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2010 VL 10 IS 9 BP 4343 EP 4358 DI 10.5194/acp-10-4343-2010 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 595HQ UT WOS:000277601700017 ER PT J AU Chow, JC Watson, JG Chen, LWA Rice, J Frank, NH AF Chow, J. C. Watson, J. G. Chen, L. -W. A. Rice, J. Frank, N. H. TI Quantification of PM2.5 organic carbon sampling artifacts in US networks SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SPECIATION TRENDS NETWORK; SOUTHEASTERN AEROSOL RESEARCH; TEFLON MEMBRANE FILTERS; PARTICULATE MATTER; UNITED-STATES; AIR-QUALITY; ELEMENTAL CARBON; COMPOUNDS SOCS; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS AB Field blanks (bQF) and backup filters (quartz-fiber behind quartz-fiber filter; QBQ) have been adopted by US long-term air quality monitoring networks to estimate QPM(2.5) organic carbon (OC) sampling artifacts. This study documents bQF and QBQ carbon levels for the: 1) Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE); 2) Speciation Trends Network (STN; part of the Chemical Speciation Network [CSN]); and 3) Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization (SEARCH) networks and examines the similarities/differences associated with network-specific sampling protocols. A higher IMPROVE sample volume and smaller filter deposit area results in PM2.5 areal density (mu g/cm(2) on filter) 3-11 times those of STN/CSN and SEARCH samples for the same ambient PM2.5 concentrations, thus reducing the relative contribution of sampling artifacts from passive OC adsorption. A relatively short (1-15 min) passive exposure period of STN/CSN and SEARCH bQF OC (0.8-1 mu g/cm(2)) underestimates positive and negative OC artifacts resulting from passive adsorption or evaporation of semi-volatile organic compounds on quartz-fiber filters. This is supported by low STN/CSN and SEARCH bQF levels and lack of temporal or spatial variability among the sites within the networks. With a much longer period, similar to 7 days of ambient passive exposure, average IMPROVE bQF and QBQ OC are comparable (2.4 +/- 0.5 and 3.1 +/- 0.8 mu g/cm(2), respectively) and more than twice levels found in the STN/CSN and SEARCH networks. Sampling artifacts in STN/CSN were estimated from collocated IMPROVE samples based on linear regression. At six of the eight collocated sites in this study, STN/CSN bQFs underestimated OC artifacts by 11-34%. Using a preceding organic denuder in the SEARCH network minimized passive adsorption on QBQ, but OC on QBQ may not be attributed entirely to the negative sampling artifact (e. g., evaporated or volatilized OC from the front filter deposits after sample collection). C1 [Chow, J. C.; Watson, J. G.; Chen, L. -W. A.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89506 USA. [Chow, J. C.; Watson, J. G.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, Xian 710075, Peoples R China. [Rice, J.; Frank, N. H.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Chow, JC (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89506 USA. EM judith.chow@dri.edu RI Watson, John/E-6869-2010; Chen, Lung-Wen/J-5792-2015 OI Watson, John/0000-0002-1752-6899; Chen, Lung-Wen/0000-0002-2311-7506 FU US EPA STAR [RD-83108601-0]; US EPA/National Park Service [C2350064010]; California Air Resources Board [04-307]; Nazir and Mary Ansari Foundation FX This work was partially supported by US EPA STAR Grant number RD-83108601-0, the US EPA/National Park Service under contract number C2350064010, the California Air Resources Board under contract number 04-307, and the Nazir and Mary Ansari Foundation. The information expressed in this paper does not necessarily reflect the policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 72 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 4 U2 31 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2010 VL 10 IS 12 BP 5223 EP 5239 DI 10.5194/acp-10-5223-2010 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 610PA UT WOS:000278744400001 ER PT J AU Jonson, JE Stohl, A Fiore, AM Hess, P Szopa, S Wild, O Zeng, G Dentener, FJ Lupu, A Schultz, MG Duncan, BN Sudo, K Wind, P Schulz, M Marmer, E Cuvelier, C Keating, T Zuber, A Valdebenito, A Dorokhov, V De Backer, H Davies, J Chen, GH Johnson, B Tarasick, DW Stubi, R Newchurch, MJ von der Gathen, P Steinbrecht, W Claude, H AF Jonson, J. E. Stohl, A. Fiore, A. M. Hess, P. Szopa, S. Wild, O. Zeng, G. Dentener, F. J. Lupu, A. Schultz, M. G. Duncan, B. N. Sudo, K. Wind, P. Schulz, M. Marmer, E. Cuvelier, C. Keating, T. Zuber, A. Valdebenito, A. Dorokhov, V. De Backer, H. Davies, J. Chen, G. H. Johnson, B. Tarasick, D. W. Stuebi, R. Newchurch, M. J. von der Gathen, P. Steinbrecht, W. Claude, H. TI A multi-model analysis of vertical ozone profiles SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISPERSION MODEL FLEXPART; TRANSPORT; EUROPE AB A multi-model study of the long-range transport of ozone and its precursors from major anthropogenic source regions was coordinated by the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (TF HTAP) under the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP). Vertical profiles of ozone at 12-h intervals from 2001 are available from twelve of the models contributing to this study and are compared here with observed profiles from ozonesondes. The contributions from each major source region are analysed for selected sondes, and this analysis is supplemented by retroplume calculations using the FLEXPART Lagrangian particle dispersion model to provide insight into the origin of ozone transport events and the cause of differences between the models and observations. In the boundary layer ozone levels are in general strongly affected by regional sources and sinks. With a considerably longer lifetime in the free troposphere, ozone here is to a much larger extent affected by processes on a larger scale such as intercontinental transport and exchange with the stratosphere. Such individual events are difficult to trace over several days or weeks of transport. This may explain why statistical relationships between models and ozonesonde measurements are far less satisfactory than shown in previous studies for surface measurements at all seasons. The lowest bias between model-calculated ozone profiles and the ozonesonde measurements is seen in the winter and autumn months. Following the increase in photochemical activity in the spring and summer months, the spread in model results increases, and the agreement between ozonesonde measurements and the individual models deteriorates further. At selected sites calculated contributions to ozone levels in the free troposphere from intercontinental transport are shown. Intercontinental transport is identified based on differences in model calculations with unperturbed emissions and emissions reduced by 20% by region. Intercontinental transport of ozone is finally determined based on differences in model ensemble calculations. With emissions perturbed by 20% per region, calculated intercontinental contributions to ozone in the free troposphere range from less than 1 ppb to 3 ppb, with small contributions in winter. The results are corroborated by the retroplume calculations. At several locations the seasonal contributions to ozone in the free troposphere from intercontinental transport differ from what was shown earlier at the surface using the same dataset. The large spread in model results points to a need of further evaluation of the chemical and physical processes in order to improve the credibility of global model results. C1 [Jonson, J. E.; Wind, P.; Valdebenito, A.] Norwegian Meteorol Inst, Oslo, Norway. [Stohl, A.] NILU, Kjeller, Norway. [Fiore, A. M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Hess, P.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Szopa, S.; Schulz, M.] CEA CNRS UVSQ IPSL, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Wild, O.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England. [Zeng, G.] Univ Cambridge, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Dentener, F. J.; Marmer, E.; Cuvelier, C.] Inst Environm & Sustainabil, DG Joint Res Ctr, European Commiss, Ispra, Italy. [Lupu, A.] York Univ, Ctr Res Earth & Space Sci, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Schultz, M. G.] Forschungszentrum Julich, ICG 2, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Duncan, B. N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Sudo, K.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Environ Studies, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Keating, T.] US EPA, Off Policy Anal & Review, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Zuber, A.] Commiss European Communities, Environm Directorate Gen, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium. [Dorokhov, V.] Cent Aerol Observ, Moscow, Russia. [De Backer, H.] RMIB, Brussels, Belgium. [Davies, J.; Tarasick, D. W.] Environm Canada, Downsview, ON, Canada. [Chen, G. H.] Cent Weather Bur, Taipei, Taiwan. [Johnson, B.] NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO USA. [Stuebi, R.] MeteoSwiss, Fed Off Meteorol & Climatol, Payerne, Switzerland. [Newchurch, M. J.] Univ Alabama, Dept Atmospher Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [von der Gathen, P.] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. RP Jonson, JE (reprint author), Norwegian Meteorol Inst, Oslo, Norway. EM j.e.jonson@met.no RI Steinbrecht, Wolfgang/G-6113-2010; Duncan, Bryan/A-5962-2011; Schultz, Martin/I-9512-2012; Hess, Peter/M-3145-2015; Schulz, Michael/A-6930-2011; Wild, Oliver/A-4909-2009; Szopa, Sophie/F-8984-2010; Lupu, Alexandru/D-3689-2009; Stohl, Andreas/A-7535-2008; von der Gathen, Peter/B-8515-2009 OI Tarasick, David/0000-0001-9869-0692; Steinbrecht, Wolfgang/0000-0003-0680-6729; Schultz, Martin/0000-0003-3455-774X; Hess, Peter/0000-0003-2439-3796; Schulz, Michael/0000-0003-4493-4158; Wild, Oliver/0000-0002-6227-7035; Szopa, Sophie/0000-0002-8641-1737; Lupu, Alexandru/0000-0002-4520-5523; Stohl, Andreas/0000-0002-2524-5755; von der Gathen, Peter/0000-0001-7409-1556 FU Long-range Transmission of Air pollutants in Europe (EMEP) under UNECE; Belgian Federal Government FX This work was supported by the Co-operative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-range Transmission of Air pollutants in Europe (EMEP) under UNECE. We would like to thank Asmund Fahre Vik, NILU and Johannes Stahelin, ETH Zurich, for valuable advice on the interpretation of ozonesonde data. We would also like to thank WOUDC for making the ozonesonde measurements available. The ozone sounding program in Uccle is supported by the Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence, a research collaboration established by the Belgian Federal Government through the action plan for reinforcement of the federal scientific institutes (decision council of ministers taken on 22/03/2006). NR 30 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 23 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2010 VL 10 IS 12 BP 5759 EP 5783 DI 10.5194/acp-10-5759-2010 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 618YC UT WOS:000279391100030 ER PT J AU Hecobian, A Zhang, X Zheng, M Frank, N Edgerton, ES Weber, RJ AF Hecobian, A. Zhang, X. Zheng, M. Frank, N. Edgerton, E. S. Weber, R. J. TI Water-Soluble Organic Aerosol material and the light-absorption characteristics of aqueous extracts measured over the Southeastern United States SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HUMIC-LIKE SUBSTANCES; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL; ELEMENTAL CARBON; BLACK CARBON; BROWN CARBON; MEXICO-CITY; COMBUSTION; GLYOXAL; MATTER; PARTICLES AB Light absorption of fine particle (PM2.5) aqueous extracts between wavelengths of 200 and 800 nm were investigated from two data sets: 24-h Federal Reference Method (FRM) filter extracts from 15 Southeastern US monitoring sites over the year of 2007 (900 filters), and online measurements from a Particle-Into-Liquid Sampler deployed from July to mid-August 2009 in Atlanta, Georgia. Three main sources of soluble chromophores were identified: biomass burning, mobile source emissions, and compounds linked to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Absorption spectra of aerosol solutions from filter extracts were similar for different sources. Angstrom exponents were similar to 7 +/- 1 for biomass burning and non-biomass burning-impacted 24-h filter samples (delineated by a levoglucosan concentration of 50 ng m(-3)) at both rural and urban sites. The absorption coefficient from measurements averaged between wavelength 360 and 370 nm (Abs(365), in units m(-1)) was used as a measure of overall brown carbon light absorption. Biomass-burning-impacted samples were highest during winter months and Abs365 was correlated with levoglucosan at all sites. During periods of little biomass burning in summer, light absorbing compounds were still ubiquitous and correlated with fine particle Water-Soluble Organic Carbon (WSOC), but comprised a much smaller fraction of the WSOC, where Abs(365)/WSOC (i.e., mass absorption efficiency) was typically similar to 3 times higher in biomass burning-impacted samples. Factor analysis attributed 50% of the yearly average Abs(365) to biomass burning sources. Brown carbon from primary urban emissions (mobile sources) was also observed and accounted for similar to 10% of the regional yearly average Abs(365). Summertime diurnal profiles of Abs(365) and WSOC showed that morning to midday increases in WSOC from photochemical production were associated with a decrease in Abs(365)/WSOC. After noon, this ratio substantially increased, indicating that either some fraction of the nonlight absorbing fresh SOA was rapidly (within hours) converted to chromophores heterogeneously, or that SOA from gas-particle partitioning later in the day was more light-absorbing. Factor analysis on the 24-h integrated filter data associated similar to 20 to 30% of Abs(365) over 2007 with a secondary source that was highest in summer and also the main source for oxalate, suggesting that aqueous phase reactions may account for the light-absorbing fraction of WSOC observed throughout the Southeastern US in summer. C1 [Hecobian, A.; Zhang, X.; Zheng, M.; Weber, R. J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Frank, N.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Edgerton, E. S.] Atmospher Res & Anal Inc, Durham, NC USA. RP Weber, RJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM rweber@eas.gatech.edu RI Zhang, Xiaolu/F-9190-2011; Hecobian, Arsineh/A-9743-2012 OI Hecobian, Arsineh/0000-0001-9511-4868 FU GA DNR [773-80150]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0802237] FX The authors thank Susan Zimmer-Dauphinee of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (GA DNR), Tracy Anderson of the Alabama Department of Environmental Management, Randy Dillard of the Alabama Jefferson Co. Department of Health, and Scott Reynolds of the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control for providing the FRM filters analyzed in this study. This work was supported by the GA DNR under grant No. 773-80150 and a National Science Foundation grant ATM-0802237. The authors also thank Dr. Amy Sullivan for providing mannosan and galactosan standard stock solutions, Jiumeng Liu for the WSOC analysis and Thomas Muccillo for assistance in measurement of absorption spectra. The information expressed in this paper does not necessarily reflect the policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 55 TC 103 Z9 109 U1 10 U2 111 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2010 VL 10 IS 13 BP 5965 EP 5977 DI 10.5194/acp-10-5965-2010 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 624VY UT WOS:000279851400013 ER PT J AU Zhang, X Hecobian, A Zheng, M Frank, NH Weber, RJ AF Zhang, X. Hecobian, A. Zheng, M. Frank, N. H. Weber, R. J. TI Biomass burning impact on PM2.5 over the southeastern US during 2007: integrating chemically speciated FRM filter measurements, MODIS fire counts and PMF analysis SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FINE-PARTICLE EMISSIONS; POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; UNITED-STATES; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; PARTICULATE MATTER; FIREPLACE COMBUSTION; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL; MOLECULAR MARKERS; ATLANTA AEROSOL AB Archived Federal Reference Method (FRM) Teflon filters used by state regulatory agencies for measuring PM2.5 mass were acquired from 15 sites throughout the southeastern US and analyzed for water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), water-soluble ions and carbohydrates to investigate biomass burning contributions to fine aerosol mass. Based on over 900 filters that spanned all of 2007, levoglucosan and K+ were studied in conjunction with MODIS Aqua fire count data to compare their performances as biomass burning tracers. Levoglucosan concentrations exhibited a distinct seasonal variation with large enhancement in winter and spring and a minimum in summer, and were well correlated with fire counts, except in winter when residential wood burning contributions were significant. In contrast, K+ concentrations had no apparent seasonal trend and poor correlation with fire counts. Levoglucosan and K+ only correlated well in winter (r(2) = 0.59) when biomass burning emissions were highest, whereas in other seasons they were not correlated due to the presence of other K+ sources. Levoglucosan also exhibited larger spatial variability than K+. Both species were higher in urban than rural sites (mean 44% higher for levoglucosan and 86% for K+). Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) was applied to analyze PM2.5 sources and four factors were resolved: biomass burning, refractory material, secondary light absorbing WSOC and secondary sulfate/WSOC. The biomass burning source contributed 13% to PM2.5 mass annually, 27% in winter, and less than 2% in summer, consistent with other souce apportionment studies based on levoglucosan, but lower in summer compared to studies based on K+. C1 [Zhang, X.; Hecobian, A.; Zheng, M.; Weber, R. J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Frank, N. H.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM xzhang3@mail.gatech.edu RI Hecobian, Arsineh/A-9743-2012; Zhang, Xiaolu/F-9190-2011 OI Hecobian, Arsineh/0000-0001-9511-4868; NR 63 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 3 U2 59 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2010 VL 10 IS 14 BP 6839 EP 6853 DI 10.5194/acp-10-6839-2010 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 633PL UT WOS:000280515600030 ER PT J AU Wood, EC Canagaratna, MR Herndon, SC Onasch, TB Kolb, CE Worsnop, DR Kroll, JH Knighton, WB Seila, R Zavala, M Molina, LT DeCarlo, PF Jimenez, JL Weinheimer, AJ Knapp, DJ Jobson, BT Stutz, J Kuster, WC Williams, EJ AF Wood, E. C. Canagaratna, M. R. Herndon, S. C. Onasch, T. B. Kolb, C. E. Worsnop, D. R. Kroll, J. H. Knighton, W. B. Seila, R. Zavala, M. Molina, L. T. DeCarlo, P. F. Jimenez, J. L. Weinheimer, A. J. Knapp, D. J. Jobson, B. T. Stutz, J. Kuster, W. C. Williams, E. J. TI Investigation of the correlation between odd oxygen and secondary organic aerosol in Mexico City and Houston SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; POWERED MOTOR-VEHICLES; AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES; URBAN SUPERSITE T0; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OZONE PRODUCTION; METROPOLITAN-AREA; HIGH-RESOLUTION; PART 1; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT AB Many recent models underpredict secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particulate matter (PM) concentrations in polluted regions, indicating serious deficiencies in the models' chemical mechanisms and/or missing SOA precursors. Since tropospheric photochemical ozone production is much better understood, we investigate the correlation of odd-oxygen ([O-x] [O-3]+[NO2]) and the oxygenated component of organic aerosol (OOA), which is interpreted as a surrogate for SOA. OOA and O-x measured in Mexico City in 2006 and Houston in 2000 were well correlated in air masses where both species were formed on similar timescales (less than 8 h) and not well correlated when their formation timescales or location differed greatly. When correlated, the ratio of these two species ranged from 30 mu g m(-3)/ppm (STP) in Houston during time periods affected by large petrochemical plant emissions to as high as 160 mu g m(-3)/ppm in Mexico City, where typical values were near 120 mu g m(-3)/ppm. On several days in Mexico City, the [OOA]/[O-x] ratio decreased by a factor of similar to 2 between 08: 00 and 13: 00 local time. This decrease is only partially attributable to evaporation of the least oxidized and most volatile components of OOA; differences in the diurnal emission trends and timescales for photochemical processing of SOA precursors compared to ozone precursors also likely contribute to the observed decrease. The extent of OOA oxidation increased with photochemical aging. Calculations of the ratio of the SOA formation rate to the O-x production rate using ambient VOC measurements and traditional laboratory SOA yields are lower than the observed [OOA]/[O-x] ratios by factors of 5 to 15, consistent with several other models' underestimates of SOA. Calculations of this ratio using emission factors for organic compounds from gasoline and diesel exhaust do not reproduce the observed ratio. Although not succesful in reproducing the atmospheric observations presented, modeling P(SOA)/P(O-x) can serve as a useful test of photochemical models using improved formulation mechanisms for SOA. C1 [Wood, E. C.; Canagaratna, M. R.; Herndon, S. C.; Onasch, T. B.; Kolb, C. E.; Worsnop, D. R.; Kroll, J. H.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. [Knighton, W. B.] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Seila, R.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zavala, M.; Molina, L. T.] Molina Ctr Energy & Environm, La Jolla, CA USA. [DeCarlo, P. F.; Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [DeCarlo, P. F.; Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Weinheimer, A. J.; Knapp, D. J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Jobson, B. T.] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Stutz, J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Kuster, W. C.; Williams, E. J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. RP Wood, EC (reprint author), Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. EM ezrawood@aerodyne.com RI Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; DeCarlo, Peter/B-2118-2008; Worsnop, Douglas/D-2817-2009; Kolb, Charles/A-8596-2009; Kuster, William/E-7421-2010; Stutz, Jochen/K-7159-2014 OI Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; Jobson, Bertram/0000-0003-1812-9745; DeCarlo, Peter/0000-0001-6385-7149; Worsnop, Douglas/0000-0002-8928-8017; Kuster, William/0000-0002-8788-8588; FU NSF [ATM-528227, ATM-0528170, ATM-0513116, ATM-0449815]; DOE [DE-FGO2-05ER63982, DE-FGO2-05ER63980, DE-FG02-08ER64627]; NOAA [NA08OAR4310656] FX This work was funded in part by NSF grants ATM-528227, ATM-0528170, ATM-0513116, and ATM-0449815, DOE grants (BER, ASP program) DE-FGO2-05ER63982, DE-FGO2-05ER63980, and DE-FG02-08ER64627 and NOAA grant NA08OAR4310656. We gratefully acknowledge Linsey Marr for providing one of the chemiluminescence analyzers. We thank Manuel Quinones of Televisa for providing power and on-site support at PTP, Rafael Ramos for logistical assistance, and Lenny Stockburger for use of the aethelometer data from La Porte. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 107 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 32 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2010 VL 10 IS 18 BP 8947 EP 8968 DI 10.5194/acp-10-8947-2010 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 657RC UT WOS:000282429000017 ER PT J AU Finn, D Clawson, KL Carter, RG Rich, JD Eckman, RM Perry, SG Isakov, V Heist, DK AF Finn, Dennis Clawson, Kirk L. Carter, Roger G. Rich, Jason D. Eckman, Richard M. Perry, Steven G. Isakov, Vlad Heist, David K. TI Tracer studies to characterize the effects of roadside noise barriers on near-road pollutant dispersion under varying atmospheric stability conditions SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Wake zone; Traffic emissions; Pollutant dispersion near roadways; Concentration deficits ID AIR-POLLUTION; WIND-TUNNEL; LOS-ANGELES; EXPOSURE; PROXIMITY; MORTALITY; LEAD AB A roadway toxics dispersion study was conducted at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to document the effects on concentrations of roadway emissions behind a roadside sound barrier in various conditions of atmospheric stability. The homogeneous fetch of the INL, controlled emission source, lack of other manmade or natural flow obstructions, and absence of vehicle-generated turbulence reduced the ambiguities in interpretation of the data. Roadway emissions were simulated by the release of an atmospheric tracer (SF(6)) from two 54 m long line sources, one for an experiment with a 90 m long noise barrier and one for a control experiment without a barrier. Simultaneous near-surface tracer concentration measurements were made with bag samplers on identical sampling grids downwind from the line sources. An array of six 3-d sonic anemometers was employed to measure the barrier-induced turbulence. Key findings of the study are: (1) the areal extent of higher concentrations and the absolute magnitudes of the concentrations both increased as atmospheric stability increased; (2) a concentration deficit developed in the wake zone of the barrier with respect to concentrations at the same relative locations on the control experiment at all atmospheric stabilities; (3) lateral dispersion was significantly greater on the barrier grid than the non-barrier grid; and (4) the barrier tended to trap high concentrations near the "roadway" (i.e. upwind of the barrier) in low wind speed conditions, especially in stable conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Finn, Dennis; Clawson, Kirk L.; Carter, Roger G.; Rich, Jason D.; Eckman, Richard M.] NOAA, Field Res Div, Air Resources Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. [Perry, Steven G.; Isakov, Vlad; Heist, David K.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Finn, D (reprint author), NOAA, Field Res Div, Air Resources Lab, 1750 Foote Dr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. EM dennis.finn@noaa.gov RI Clawson, Kirk/C-5910-2016; Eckman, Richard/D-1476-2016; Finn, Dennis/C-3204-2016 OI Clawson, Kirk/0000-0002-8789-9607; NR 33 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 44 IS 2 BP 204 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.10.012 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 555JW UT WOS:000274507800008 ER PT J AU Niu, JJ Rasmussen, PE Wheeler, A Williams, R Chenier, M AF Niu, Jianjun Rasmussen, Pat E. Wheeler, Amanda Williams, Ron Chenier, Marc TI Evaluation of airborne particulate matter and metals data in personal, indoor and outdoor environments using ED-XRF and ICP-MS and co-located duplicate samples SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Particulate matter; Uncertainty; Metals; Exposure assessment; Air pollution; ICP-MS; ED-XRF ID EXPOSURE; SPECTROMETRY; UNCERTAINTY; AEROSOL; PB; CR; CD AB Factors and sources affecting measurement uncertainty associated with monitoring metals in airborne particulate matter (PM) were investigated as part of the Windsor, Ontario Exposure Assessment Study (WOEAS). The assessment was made using co-located duplicate samples and a comparison of two analytical approaches: ED-XRF and ICP-MS. Sampling variability was estimated using relative percent difference (RPD) of co-located duplicate samples. The comparison of ICP-MS and ED-XRF results yields very good correlations (R(2) >= 0.7) for elements present at concentrations that pass both ICP-MS and ED-XRF detection limits (e.g. Fe, Mn, Zn. Pb and Cu). PM concentration ranges (median, sample number) of 24-h indoor PM(10) and personal PM(10) filters, and outdoor PM(2.5) filters were determined to be 2.2-40.7 (11.0, n = 48) mu g m(-3), 8.0-48.3 (11.9, n = 48) mu g m(-3), and 17.1-42.3 (21.6, n = 18) mu g m(-3), respectively. The gravimetric analytical results reveal that the variations in PM mass measurements for same-day sampling are insignificant compared to temporal or spatial variations: 92%, 100% and 96% of indoor, outdoor and personal duplicate samples, respectively, pass the quality criteria (RPD <= 20%). Uncertainties associated with ED-XRF elemental measurements of S, Ca, Mn, Fe and Zn for 24-h filter samples are low: 78%-100% of the duplicate samples passed the quality criteria. In the case of 24-h filter samples using ICP-MS, more elements passed the quality criteria due to the lower detection limits. These were: Li, Na, K, Ca, Si,Al, V. Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Mo, Ag, Zn, Pb,As, Mg, Sb, Sn, Sr, Th, Ti, TI, and U. Low air concentrations of metals (near or below instrumental detection limits) and/or inadvertent introduction of metal contamination are the main causes for excluding elements based on the pass/fail criteria. Uncertainty associated with elemental measurements must be assessed on an element-by-element basis. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Niu, Jianjun; Rasmussen, Pat E.; Chenier, Marc] Hlth Canada, HECSB, Environm Hlth Sci Res Bur, Safe Environm Programme, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. [Rasmussen, Pat E.] Univ Ottawa, Dept Earth Sci, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Wheeler, Amanda] Hlth Canada, Water Air & Climate Change Bur, Safe Environm Programme, HECSB, Ottawa, ON K1A 0P8, Canada. [Williams, Ron] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Niu, JJ (reprint author), Hlth Canada, HECSB, Environm Hlth Sci Res Bur, Safe Environm Programme, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. EM jianjun_niu@hc-sc.gc.ca RI Wang, Linden/M-6617-2014; Rasmussen, Pat/R-8176-2016; OI Rasmussen, Pat/0000-0001-6748-4255; Wheeler, Amanda/0000-0001-9288-8163; Chenier, Marc/0000-0002-1609-019X FU Health Canada Safe Environments Program; NSERC MITHE Strategic Network FX Thanks to Michelle Nugent, Alain Filiatreault and Keith Van Ryswyk for assistance in the field and PM mass measurements, to Prof Iris Xu, Angelos Anastassopoulos, and Hongyu You for access to their homes for the duplicate study, to H. David Gardner for element database management and analysis, to the Windsor Study participants for access to their backyards for the two-week sampling, and to Dr. Peter Chapman, Dr. Xinghua Fan, and Zhiyun jin for helpful reviews of an earlier version of the manuscript. Bob Kellogg of Alion Science and Technology is acknowledged for performing the ED-XRF analysis. We gratefully acknowledge funding support from Health Canada Safe Environments Program and the NSERC MITHE Strategic Network (www.mithe-sn.org). Although this work was reviewed by the US EPA and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. NR 42 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 46 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 44 IS 2 BP 235 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.10.009 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 555JW UT WOS:000274507800011 ER PT B AU Simpson, RD AF Simpson, R. David BE Perrings, C Mooney, H Williamson, M TI If Invasive Species are "Pollutants", Should Polluters Pay? SO BIOINVASIONS AND GLOBALIZATION: ECOLOGY, ECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT, AND POLICY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID STRATEGIES C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Simpson, RD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND BN 978-0-19-956016-5; 978-0-19-956015-8 PY 2010 BP 83 EP 99 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BA0UC UT WOS:000332260800007 ER PT J AU Danshina, PV Geyer, CB Dai, QS Goulding, EH Willis, WD Kitto, GB McCarrey, JR Eddy, EM O'Brien, DA AF Danshina, Polina V. Geyer, Christopher B. Dai, Qunsheng Goulding, Eugenia H. Willis, William D. Kitto, G. Barrie McCarrey, John R. Eddy, E. M. O'Brien, Deborah A. TI Phosphoglycerate Kinase 2 (PGK2) Is Essential for Sperm Function and Male Fertility in Mice SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE gene targeting; glycolysis; male fertility; spermatogenesis; sperm metabolism; sperm motility ID MOUSE SPERMATOGENIC CELLS; GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE-S; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ACYL PHOSPHATASE; ROUND SPERMATIDS; FIBROUS SHEATH; MALE GERMLINE; TESTIS; GENE AB Phosphoglycerate kinase 2 (PGK2), an isozyme that catalyzes the first ATP-generating step in the glycolytic pathway, is encoded by an autosomal retrogene that is expressed only during spermatogenesis. It replaces the ubiquitously expressed phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) isozyme following repression of Pgk1 transcription by meiotic sex chromosome inactivation during meiotic prophase and by postmeiotic sex chromatin during spermiogenesis. The targeted disruption of Pgk2 by homologous recombination eliminates PGK activity in sperm and severely impairs male fertility, but does not block spermatogenesis. Mating behavior, reproductive organ weights ( testis, excurrent ducts, and seminal vesicles), testis histology, sperm counts, and sperm ultrastructure were indistinguishable between Pgk2(-/-) and wild-type mice. However, sperm motility and ATP levels were markedly reduced in males lacking PGK2. These defects in sperm function were slightly less severe than observed in males lacking glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogenic (GAPDHS), the isozyme that catalyzes the step preceding PGK2 in the sperm glycolytic pathway. Unlike Gapdhs(-/-) males, the Pgk2(-/-) males also sired occasional pups. Alternative pathways that bypass the PGK step of glycolysis exist. We determined that one of these bypass enzymes, acylphosphatase, is active in mouse sperm, perhaps contributing to phenotypic differences between mice lacking GAPDHS or PGK2. This study determined that PGK2 is not required for the completion of spermatogenesis, but is essential for sperm motility and male fertility. In addition to confirming the importance of the glycolytic pathway for sperm function, distinctive phenotypic characteristics of Pgk2(-/-) mice may provide further insights into the regulation of sperm metabolism. C1 [Danshina, Polina V.; O'Brien, Deborah A.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Danshina, Polina V.; O'Brien, Deborah A.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Labs Reprod Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [O'Brien, Deborah A.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Geyer, Christopher B.; Dai, Qunsheng; Goulding, Eugenia H.; Willis, William D.; Eddy, E. M.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Reprod & Dev Toxicol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kitto, G. Barrie] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [McCarrey, John R.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP O'Brien, DA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, CB 7090, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM dao@med.unc.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [U01 HD45982, R01 HD46637]; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development FX Supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants U01 HD45982 (D.A.O.) and R01 HD46637 (J.R.M.) from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development NR 57 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 14 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 136 EP 145 DI 10.1095/biolreprod.109.079699 PG 10 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 533TG UT WOS:000272847600016 PM 19759366 ER PT J AU Burns, KA Rodriguez, KF Reed, CE Hewitt, SC Young, SL Korach, KS AF Burns, Katherine A. Rodriguez, Karina F. Reed, Casey E. Hewitt, Sylvia C. Young, Steven L. Korach, Kenneth S. TI Endometriotic-like Lesion Formation in Estrogen Receptor Deficient Mice. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2010 CL Milwaukee, WI SP Soc Study Reproduct C1 Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2010 SU S MA 366 BP 131 EP 131 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 682DY UT WOS:000284381300343 ER PT J AU Clement, T Inselman, A Willis, W Goulding, E Eddy, M AF Clement, Tracy Inselman, Amy Willis, William Goulding, Eugenia Eddy, Mitch TI Cyclin Dependant Kinase 1 (Cdk1) is Required for Male Meiotic Progression and Male Fertility. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 2010 CL Milwaukee, WI SP Soc Study Reproduct C1 [Clement, Tracy; Inselman, Amy; Willis, William; Goulding, Eugenia; Eddy, Mitch] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2010 SU S MA 506 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 682DY UT WOS:000284381300470 ER PT J AU Thorp, JH Flotemersch, JE Delong, MD Casper, AF Thoms, MC Ballantyne, F Williams, BS O'Neill, BJ Haase, CS AF Thorp, James H. Flotemersch, Joseph E. Delong, Michael D. Casper, Andrew F. Thoms, Martin C. Ballantyne, Ford Williams, Bradley S. O'Neill, Brian J. Haase, C. Stephen TI Linking Ecosystem Services, Rehabilitation, and River Hydrogeomorphology SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE environmental benefits analysis; hydrogeomorphic patches; river management; river rehabilitation; riverine ecosystem synthesis ID CONSERVATION; NETWORKS; ECOLOGY; SYSTEMS; CLASSIFICATION; CONNECTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; MISSISSIPPI; CONTINUUM; STREAMS AB Assignment of values for natural ecological benefits and anthropocentric ecosystem services in riverine landscapes has been problematic, because a firm scientific basis linking these to the river's physical structure has been absent. Me highlight some inherent problems in this process and suggest possible solutions on the basis of the hydrogeomorphic classification of rivers. We suggest this link can be useful in fair asset trading (mitigation and offsets), selection of sites for rehabilitation, cost-benefit decisions on incremental steps in restoring ecological functions, and general protection of rivers. C1 [Thorp, James H.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Flotemersch, Joseph E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Delong, Michael D.] Winona State Univ, Dept Biol, Winona, MN USA. [Casper, Andrew F.] USA, Corps Engineers, Aquat Ecol & Invas Species Branch, Environm Lab,Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Thoms, Martin C.] Univ New England, Div Geog & Planning, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. [Thoms, Martin C.] Univ New England, Riverine Landscapes Res Lab, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. [Haase, C. Stephen] So US Reg Nat Conservancy, Rockwood, TN USA. RP Thorp, JH (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM thorp@ku.edu OI Thoms, Martin/0000-0002-8074-0476 FU Office of Research and Development; National Science Foundation [EPS-0553722] FX Support for an ecosystem services workshop came from the EPA's Office of Research and Development, a National Science Foundation EPSCoR grant to the University of Kansas (EPS-0553722; Kristin Bowman-James, primary investigator), and the University of Kansas's Kansas Biological Survey. We thank Greg Toth and two reviewers for comments on an earlier manuscript. NR 37 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 57 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-3568 EI 1525-3244 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD JAN PY 2010 VL 60 IS 1 BP 67 EP 74 DI 10.1525/bio.2010.60.1.11 PG 8 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 540CX UT WOS:000273309500010 ER PT J AU Gebre, G Feleke, Z Sahle-Demissie, E AF Gebre, G. Feleke, Z. Sahle-Demissie, E. TI MASS CONCENTRATIONS AND ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF URBAN ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS IN ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA SO BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF ETHIOPIA LA English DT Article DE TSP; PM10; Metal analysis; Atmospheric aerosol; Addis Ababa; Ethiopia AB Aerosol samples were collected from 22 February 2008 to 15 April 2008 and 17 June 2008 to 23 July 2008 in urban and peri-urban areas of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, with the aim to assess the spatial and temporal aspects of total suspended particulate (TSP) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 mu m (PM10) and their composition in terms of metallic elements. Sixty six filter samples were collected from seven distinct sites using I.O.M. multi fraction dust samplers and fiber glass filter papers. The mass of each particulate matter sample was measured gravimetrically and the composition of PM10 samples was analyzed using ICP-OAES and SEM-EDAX. The concentration of TSP was in the range of 17-556 mu g/m(3) and that of PM10 was in the range of 17-285 mu g/m(3). The highest TSP and PM10 peak values were observed in February 2008 at two sites, whereas the lowest TSP and PM10 values were observed in June and July 2008 at two sites. The mean TSP concentration surpassed the WHO safe guideline value of 150 mu g/m 3 and 79 % of the PM10 values were below the WHO guideline value. The PM10 to TSP mass ratio was in the range 0.26-0.59 and PM10 mass contributed about 39% to the TSP mass. The average element concentration in PM10 filter sample was in the order of Ca > Na > K > Zn > Sb > B > Al > V > Mg > S > Fe. All the analyzed elements contributed about 0.1% to the PM10 mass. SEM-EDAX analysis of PM10 samples showed that Si, Al, Na, Zn, Ba, K and C were the predominant species. Crustal materials contributed 76-95% of the filter mass, and C and Cu represented 5-24%. The size distribution of aerosol particles as derived from SEM analysis was in 0.43-9.3 mu m range. C1 [Feleke, Z.] Univ Addis Ababa, Dept Chem, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Gebre, G.] Univ Addis Ababa, Environm Sci Program, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Sahle-Demissie, E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Feleke, Z (reprint author), Univ Addis Ababa, Dept Chem, POB 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. EM zewge@chem.aau.edu.et NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHEM SOC ETHIOPIA PI ADDIS ABABA PA PO BOX 32934, ADDIS ABABA, 00, ETHIOPIA SN 1011-3924 J9 B CHEM SOC ETHIOPIA JI Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. PY 2010 VL 24 IS 3 BP 361 EP 373 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V22VL UT WOS:000208302600005 ER PT S AU Armstrong, DL Erxleben, C White, JA AF Armstrong, David L. Erxleben, Christian White, Jody A. BE Whitaker, M TI Patch Clamp Methods for Studying Calcium Channels SO CALCIUM IN LIVING CELLS SE Methods in Cell Biology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID CELLS AB The patch clamp technique, which was introduced by Neher and Sakmann and their colleagues in 1981, has allowed electrophysiologists to record ion channel activity from most mammalian cell types. When well-established precautions are taken to minimize electrical and mechanical fluctuations, current transients as small as 0.5 pA and as brief as 0.5 ms can be measured reliably in cell-attached patches of plasma membrane with a polished glass pipette when it forms a giga-ohm seal with the membrane. In many cases, this is sufficient to watch individual channel proteins open and close repeatedly in real time on metabolically intact cells. No other technique currently provides a more precise or detailed view of the function and regulation of calcium channel gating. If antibiotics are added to the pipette to permeabilize the membrane underneath to small monovalent cations, thereby allowing the entire cell to be voltage-clamped without disrupting its contents, the integrated activity of all the calcium channels in the surface membrane can be measured. C1 [Armstrong, David L.; Erxleben, Christian; White, Jody A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Membrane Signaling Grp, Neurobiol Lab, NIH, Durham, NC USA. RP Armstrong, DL (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Membrane Signaling Grp, Neurobiol Lab, NIH, Durham, NC USA. FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIEHS NIH HHS [Z01-ES080043] NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-679X BN 978-0-12-374841-6 J9 METHOD CELL BIOL JI Methods Cell Biol. PY 2010 VL 99 BP 183 EP 197 DI 10.1016/S0091-679X(10)99007-9 PG 15 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA BSI00 UT WOS:000284504900007 PM 21035687 ER PT J AU Hayes, SL Lye, DJ McKinstry, CA Vesper, SJ AF Hayes, Samuel L. Lye, Dennis J. McKinstry, Craig A. Vesper, Stephen J. TI Aeromonas caviae strain induces Th1 cytokine response in mouse intestinal tract SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aeromonas caviae; Th1 response; interferon induced gene expression ID INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES; TRANSFER-RNA-SYNTHETASE; BARRIER FUNCTION; CELLS; MICE; IDENTIFICATION; MECHANISMS; INFECTION; VIRULENCE; PROTEINS AB Aeromonas caviae has been associated with human gastrointestinal disease. Strains of this species typically lack virulence factors (VFs) such as enterotoxins and hemolysins that are produced by other human pathogens of the Aeromonas genus. Microarray profiling of murine small intestinal extracts, 24 h after oral infection with an A. caviae strain, provides evidence of a Th1 type immune response. A large number of gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) induced genes are up-regulated as well as several tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) transcripts. Aeromonas caviae has always been considered an opportunistic pathogen because it lacks obvious virulence factors. This current effort suggests that an A. caviae strain can colonize the murine intestinal tract and cause what has been described by others as a dysregulatory cytokine response. This response could explain why a number of diarrheal waterborne disease cases have been attributed to A. caviae even though it lacks obvious enteropathogenic properties. C1 [Hayes, Samuel L.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Lye, Dennis J.; Vesper, Stephen J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Microbial & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [McKinstry, Craig A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hayes, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply Water Resources Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS-387, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM hayes.sam@epa.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4166 J9 CAN J MICROBIOL JI Can. J. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 56 IS 1 BP 27 EP 31 DI 10.1139/W09-107 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology GA 553FQ UT WOS:000274352000005 PM 20130691 ER PT J AU Beaman, JR AF Beaman, Joseph R. TI Considerations of Advancements in Aquatic Toxicology and Nontraditional End Points for Regulatory Use: Perspective from Office of Water SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 238th American-Chemical-Society National Meeting CY AUG 16-20, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Toxicol, Amer Chem Soc, Env Chem Inc C1 [Beaman, Joseph R.] US EPA, Off Water, Off Sci & Technol, Hlth & Ecol Criteria Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Beaman.Joe@epamail.epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 23 IS 1 MA 38 BP 273 EP 273 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 543YU UT WOS:000273618500069 ER PT J AU Cantwell, MG Wilson, BA Zhu, J Wallace, GT King, JW Olsen, CR Burgess, RM Smith, JP AF Cantwell, Mark G. Wilson, Brittan A. Zhu, Jun Wallace, Gordon T. King, John W. Olsen, Curtis R. Burgess, Robert M. Smith, Joseph P. TI Temporal trends of triclosan contamination in dated sediment cores from four urbanized estuaries: Evidence of preservation and accumulation SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Antimicrobial; Triclosan; Personal care products; Emerging contaminant ID WATER TREATMENT PLANTS; WASTE-WATER; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; HUDSON RIVER; TRICLOCARBAN AB Triclosan is an antimicrobial agent added to a wide array of consumer goods and personal care products. Through its use, it is introduced into municipal sewer systems where it is only partially removed during wastewater treatment. In this study, triclosan was measured in dated sediment cores from four urbanized estuaries in order to reconstruct temporal and spatial trends of accumulation. Measurable concentrations of triclosan first appeared in each of the sediment cores near 1964, which corresponds with the US patent issuance date of triclosan. The presence of triclosan at each of the study sites at or near the patent date indicates that long-term preservation is occurring in estuarine sediments. Temporal trends of triclosan at each location are unique, reflecting between site variability. Concentrations at one site climbed to as high as 400 ng g(-1), due in part. to local commercial production of triclosan. At two locations, levels of triclosan rise towards the surface of each core, suggesting increasing usage in recent years. One location adjacent to a major combined sewer overflow had high sediment concentrations of triclosan, confirming their potential as a source of triclosan to estuaries. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cantwell, Mark G.; Burgess, Robert M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth Effects Environm Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Wilson, Brittan A.] Texas A&M Int Univ, Dept Biol & Chem, Laredo, TX 78041 USA. [Zhu, Jun; Wallace, Gordon T.; Olsen, Curtis R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Earth & Ocean Sci, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [King, John W.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Smith, Joseph P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cantwell, MG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth Effects Environm Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM cantwell.mark@epa.gov NR 20 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 5 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2010 VL 78 IS 4 BP 347 EP 352 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.11.021 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 550CL UT WOS:000274105700001 PM 20006371 ER PT J AU Hwang, S Huling, SG Ko, S AF Hwang, Sangchul Huling, Scott G. Ko, Saebom TI Fenton-like degradation of MTBE: Effects of iron counter anion and radical scavengers SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Fenton oxidation; Nitrate; Sulfate; MTBE; Scavenging; Iron ID GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON; TERT-BUTYL ETHER; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; RATE CONSTANTS; OXIDATION; SULFATE; REAGENT; METHYL; SOILS AB Fenton-driven oxidation of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) (0.11-0.16 mM) in batch reactors containing ferric iron (5 mM) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) (6 mM) (pH = 3) was performed to investigate MTBE transformation mechanisms, Independent variables included the forms of iron (Fe) (Fe(2)(SO(4))(3)center dot 9H(2)O and Fe(NO(3))(3)center dot 9H(2)O), H(2)O(2) (6, 60 mM), chloroform (CF) (0.2-2.4 mM), isopropyl alcohol (IPA) (25, 50 mM), and sulfate (7.5 mM). MTBE, tert-butyl alcohol and acetone transformation were significantly greater when oxidation was carried out with Fe(NO(3))(3)center dot 9H(2)O than with Fe(2)(SO(4))(3)center dot 9H(2)O. Sulfate interfered in the formation of the ferro-peroxy intermediate species, inhibited H(2)O(2) reaction, hydroxyl radical ((center dot)OH) formation, and MTBE transformation. Transformation was faster and more complete at a higher [H(2)O(2)] (60 mM), but resulted in lower oxidation efficiency which was attributed to (center dot)OH scavenging by H(2)O(2)(.) CF scavenging of the superoxide radical ((center dot)O(2)(-)) in the ferric nitrate system resulted in lower rates of (center dot)O(2)(-) reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II), (center dot)OH production, and consequently lower rates of MTBE transformation. IPA, an excellent scavenger of (center dot)OH, completely inhibited MTBE transformation in the ferric nitrate system indicating oxidation was predominantly by (center dot)OH, (center dot)OH scavenging by HSO(4)(-), formation of the sulfate radical ((center dot)SO(4)(-)), and oxidation of MTBE by (center dot)SO(4)(-) was estimated to be negligible. The form of Fe (i.e., counter anion) selected for use in Fenton treatment systems impacts oxidative mechanisms, treatment efficiency, and post-oxidation treatment of residuals which may require additional handling and cost. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Huling, Scott G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Hwang, Sangchul] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Civil Engn & Surveying, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Ko, Saebom] CNR, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Huling, SG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, POB 1198, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM hwangsangchul@hotmail.com; huling.scott@epa.-gov; ko.saebom@epa.gov RI Rinaldi2, Carlos/D-4479-2011 FU US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. It has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 28 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2010 VL 78 IS 5 BP 563 EP 568 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.11.005 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 553MK UT WOS:000274370900010 PM 19959205 ER PT J AU Neumann, JE Hudgens, DE Herter, J Martinich, J AF Neumann, James E. Hudgens, Daniel E. Herter, John Martinich, Jeremy TI Assessing Sea-Level Rise Impacts: A GIS-Based Framework and Application to Coastal New Jersey SO COASTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE climate impact assessment; coastal behavior model; coastal property; GIS; sea-level rise ID UNITED-STATES; RESIDENTIAL LAND; ECONOMIC COST; HOLDING BACK; 21ST-CENTURY; PRICE AB The impact of sea-level rise on coastal properties depends critically on the human response to the threat, which in turn depends on several factors, including the immediacy of the risk, the magnitude of property value at risk, options for adapting to the threat and the cost of those options, and in some cases, land-use or regulatory restrictions that apply to the property. This article reports on a new effort to model the response to and economic impacts of sea-level rise on coastal properties using a spatially comprehensive Geographic Information System (GIS)-based modeling approach that considers each of the aforementioned factors. The approach is applied to a multi-county section of New Jersey's Atlantic coast to provide estimates of the costs of protection, elevation, and abandonment. The new model yields impact estimates higher than prior estimates, resulting from recent increases in the value of coastal property at risk, the spatially comprehensive nature of the approach, and our use of more recent and accurate elevation data. The approach will ultimately yield two types of results: national-level estimates of the benefits of reducing sea-level rise through control of greenhouse gas emissions; and local-level results assessing management actions that could facilitate adaptation to sea-level rise risks. C1 [Neumann, James E.; Hudgens, Daniel E.; Herter, John] Ind Econ Inc, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. [Martinich, Jeremy] US EPA, Climate Change Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Neumann, JE (reprint author), Ind Econ Inc, 2067 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. EM jneumann@indecon.com FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Office of Atmospheric Programs [GS-10F-0224J] FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Office of Atmospheric Programs (Contract # GS-10F-0224J). Technical contributions and project support were provided by Gary Yohe, James Titus, and Ben DeAngelo. The authors also acknowledge the assistance of the following individuals: Gaurav Sinha, Caroleen Verly, and participants at an October 2008 workshop of the Energy Modeling Forum Uncertainty Subgroup. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0892-0753 EI 1521-0421 J9 COAST MANAGE JI Coast. Manage. PY 2010 VL 38 IS 4 BP 433 EP 455 DI 10.1080/08920753.2010.496105 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 720WS UT WOS:000287314000006 ER PT B AU Kenyon, EM Hughes, MF AF Kenyon, E. M. Hughes, M. F. BE McQueen, CA TI Oral Exposure and Absorption of Toxicants SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 1: GENERAL PRINCIPLES , 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DRUG TRANSPORTERS; SMALL-INTESTINE; LABORATORY-ANIMALS; EPITHELIAL BARRIER; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; METABOLISM; PHARMACOKINETICS; GUT; BIOAVAILABILITY; PHYSIOLOGY C1 [Kenyon, E. M.; Hughes, M. F.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kenyon, EM (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6; 978-0-08-046868-6 PY 2010 BP 61 EP 74 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BA2EU UT WOS:000333352100003 ER PT B AU Schlosser, PM Asgharian, BA Medinsky, M AF Schlosser, P. M. Asgharian, B. A. Medinsky, M. BE McQueen, CA TI Inhalation Exposure and Absorption of Toxicants SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 1: GENERAL PRINCIPLES , 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; HUMAN RESPIRATORY-TRACT; ULTRAFINE PARTICLE DEPOSITION; SOLUBLE GAS-EXCHANGE; MULTIPLE-PATH MODEL; HUMAN-LUNG; LONGITUDINAL DISTRIBUTION; INHALED FORMALDEHYDE; NASAL DOSIMETRY; AIRWAYS C1 [Schlosser, P. M.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Asgharian, B. A.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Schlosser, PM (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6; 978-0-08-046868-6 PY 2010 BP 75 EP 109 PG 35 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BA2EU UT WOS:000333352100004 ER PT B AU Preston, RJ Ross, JA AF Preston, R. J. Ross, J. A. BE McQueen, CA TI DNA-Reactive Agents SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 1: GENERAL PRINCIPLES , 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PROTEIN CROSS-LINKS; COVALENT BINDING; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; B6C3F1 MICE; MOUSE SKIN; ADDUCTS; CARCINOGENS; INDUCTION; LIVER; RAT C1 [Preston, R. J.; Ross, J. A.] US EPA, Durham, NC 27711 USA. RP Preston, RJ (reprint author), US EPA, Durham, NC 27711 USA. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6; 978-0-08-046868-6 PY 2010 BP 349 EP 360 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BA2EU UT WOS:000333352100016 ER PT J AU Kempinas, WD Klinefelter, GR AF De Grava Kempinas, W. Klinefelter, G. R. BE McQueen, CA TI The Epididymis as a Target for Toxicants SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 11: REPRODUCTIVE AND ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MALE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER; INHALED METHYL-CHLORIDE; DECLINING SPERM COUNTS; LONG-TERM SEQUELAE; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; PAST 20 YEARS; MALE-RATS; FERTILIZING ABILITY; TRANSIT-TIME C1 [De Grava Kempinas, W.] Sao Paulo State Univ, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Klinefelter, G. R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reprod Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kempinas, WD (reprint author), Sao Paulo State Univ, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. NR 121 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 149 EP 166 PG 18 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA BA2HG UT WOS:000333406700008 ER PT J AU Fraites, MJP Stoker, TE Goldman, JM Cooper, RL AF Fraites, M. J. P. Stoker, T. E. Goldman, J. M. Cooper, R. L. BE McQueen, CA TI Neuroendocrine Control of Female Reproduction SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 11: REPRODUCTIVE AND ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LUTEINIZING-HORMONE SECRETION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA PC12 CELLS; DOPAMINE-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; INDUCED OVULATORY DELAY; CHRONIC LEAD TREATMENT; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; IN-VITRO; HYPOTHALAMIC CATECHOLAMINES; MAMMALIAN OVA C1 [Fraites, M. J. P.; Stoker, T. E.; Goldman, J. M.; Cooper, R. L.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Fraites, MJP (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 103 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 367 EP 379 PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA BA2HG UT WOS:000333406700018 ER PT J AU Perreault, SD Goldman, JM Luderer, U Hunt, PA AF Perreault, S. D. Goldman, J. M. Luderer, U. Hunt, P. A. BE McQueen, CA TI Targeting Female Reproductive Function during Follicular Maturation, Ovulation, and Fertilization: Critical Windows for Pharmaceutical or Toxicant Action SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 11: REPRODUCTIVE AND ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; RAT OVARIAN-FOLLICLES; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MEIOTIC CHROMOSOMAL SEGREGATION; GRISEOFULVIN-INDUCED ANEUPLOIDY; GONADOTROPIN-INDUCED OVULATION; MOUSE OOCYTE SENSITIVITY; MATURING HAMSTER OOCYTES; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; BISPHENOL-A C1 [Perreault, S. D.; Goldman, J. M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Luderer, U.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. [Hunt, P. A.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Perreault, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 157 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 399 EP 417 PG 19 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA BA2HG UT WOS:000333406700020 ER PT J AU Daston, GP Knudsen, TB AF Daston, G. P. Knudsen, T. B. BE McQueen, CA TI Fundamental Concepts, Current Regulatory Design and Interpretation SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 12: DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; PREGNANCY; RABBIT C1 [Daston, G. P.] Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Knudsen, T. B.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Daston, GP (reprint author), Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 3 EP 9 PG 7 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA BA2HH UT WOS:000333408300002 ER PT J AU Rogers, JM Ellis-Hutchings, RG Lau, C AF Rogers, J. M. Ellis-Hutchings, R. G. Lau, C. BE McQueen, CA TI Epigenetics and the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 12: DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR VINCLOZOLIN; ADULT-ONSET DISEASE; INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION; HISTONE H3 METHYLTRANSFERASE; BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN-SYNDROME; ENHANCER-BLOCKING ACTIVITY; X-CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION; IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; DE-NOVO METHYLATION C1 [Rogers, J. M.; Ellis-Hutchings, R. G.; Lau, C.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Rogers, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 203 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 69 EP 88 PG 20 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA BA2HH UT WOS:000333408300006 ER PT J AU Knudsen, TB Daston, GP AF Knudsen, T. B. Daston, G. P. BE McQueen, CA TI Virtual Tissues and Developmental Systems Biology SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 12: DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GENE REGULATORY NETWORKS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; SEGMENTATION CLOCK; TOXICITY; TOXICOLOGY; DATABASE; LEVEL; MODEL; TIME; SIMULATION C1 [Knudsen, T. B.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Daston, G. P.] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Knudsen, TB (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 347 EP 358 PG 12 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA BA2HH UT WOS:000333408300023 ER PT J AU Boyes, WK Herr, DW Rice, DC AF Boyes, W. K. Herr, D. W. Rice, D. C. BE McQueen, CA TI Somatosensory Neurotoxicity: Agents and Assessment Methodology SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 13: NERVOUS SYSTEM AND BEHAVIORAL TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AIR-PUFF STIMULATION; INDUCED PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; PSYCHOPHYSICAL MAGNITUDE ESTIMATIONS; PHASE-I TRIAL; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC-SOCIETY GUIDELINES; ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; VIBRATORY PERCEPTION THRESHOLDS; SYNTHETIC PYRETHROID EXPOSURE; SENSORY EVOKED-POTENTIALS; AIDS-RELATED-COMPLEX C1 [Boyes, W. K.; Herr, D. W.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rice, D. C.] Maine Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Augusta, ME USA. RP Boyes, WK (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 239 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 315 EP 336 PG 22 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA BA2JT UT WOS:000333465100018 ER PT J AU Moser, VC AF Moser, V. C. BE McQueen, CA TI Behavioral Screening for Toxicology SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 13: NERVOUS SYSTEM AND BEHAVIORAL TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FUNCTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL BATTERY; CARBON-DISULFIDE NEUROTOXICITY; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION; SUBCHRONIC NEUROTOXICITY; NEUROBEHAVIORAL TOXICITY; LABORATORY RODENTS; TESTING PROCEDURES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DOSE-RESPONSE C1 US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Moser, VC (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 125 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 337 EP 350 PG 14 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA BA2JT UT WOS:000333465100019 ER PT J AU Bushnell, PJ Tilson, HA AF Bushnell, P. J. Tilson, H. A. BE McQueen, CA TI Cognitive Function SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 13: NERVOUS SYSTEM AND BEHAVIORAL TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RADIAL-ARM MAZE; MULTIPLE REPEATED ACQUISITION; EXTRADIMENSIONAL SHIFT TASKS; PASSIVE-AVOIDANCE TASK; LEVEL LEAD-EXPOSURE; CRL-CD RATS; SIGNAL-DETECTION; DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; ACUTE CHLORPYRIFOS; WATER MAZE C1 [Bushnell, P. J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Tilson, H. A.] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Bushnell, PJ (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 106 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 367 EP 381 PG 15 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA BA2JT UT WOS:000333465100021 ER PT J AU Cooper, RL Doerrer, NG AF Cooper, R. L. Doerrer, N. G. BE McQueen, CA TI Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Studies SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 3: TOXICOLOGY TESTING AND EVALUATION, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CHEMICAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT; ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; EDSTAC RECOMMENDATIONS; PREPUBERTAL EXPOSURES; SEXUAL-MATURATION; TIERED APPROACH; FOCUS; RAT C1 [Cooper, R. L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Doerrer, N. G.] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP Cooper, RL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 159 EP 172 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BA2JF UT WOS:000333459000011 ER PT J AU Germolec, DR Luebke, RW Luster, MI AF Germolec, D. R. Luebke, R. W. Luster, M. I. BE McQueen, CA TI Immunotoxicity Studies SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 3: TOXICOLOGY TESTING AND EVALUATION, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LYMPH-NODE ASSAY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; EXTENDED HISTOPATHOLOGY; SKIN SENSITIZATION; ADULT EXPOSURE; IMMUNE STATUS; VALIDATION; CHILDREN; SUSCEPTIBILITY C1 [Germolec, D. R.] NIEHS, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. [Luebke, R. W.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Luster, M. I.] Luster Assoc LLC, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Germolec, DR (reprint author), NIEHS, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 211 EP 223 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BA2JF UT WOS:000333459000015 ER PT J AU Regal, JF Selgrade, MK AF Regal, J. F. Selgrade, M. K. BE McQueen, CA TI Hypersensitivity Reactions in the Respiratory Tract SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 5: IMMUNE SYSTEM TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CHRONIC BERYLLIUM DISEASE; ALLERGEN-SPECIFIC TH1; BROWN-NORWAY RATS; INDUCED AIRWAY INFLAMMATION; NASAL CONGESTION MODEL; NATURAL-RUBBER LATEX; CEDAR THUJA-PLICATA; CUT LUNG SLICES; GUINEA-PIG LUNG; FC-EPSILON-RI C1 [Regal, J. F.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Selgrade, M. K.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Regal, JF (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. NR 178 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 375 EP 395 PG 21 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BA2JI UT WOS:000333459800020 ER PT J AU DeWitt, JC Luebke, RW AF DeWitt, J. C. Luebke, R. W. BE McQueen, CA TI Immunological Aging SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 5: IMMUNE SYSTEM TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IMMUNE-SYSTEM; AGED MICE; INFLUENZA VACCINE; T-CELLS; REPLICATIVE SENESCENCE; GERIATRIC MICE; CHRONIC STRESS; OLD-AGE; IMMUNOSENESCENCE; INFECTION C1 [DeWitt, J. C.] E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Luebke, R. W.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP DeWitt, JC (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 455 EP 465 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BA2JI UT WOS:000333459800024 ER PT J AU Knuckles, TL Campen, MJ Stanek, LW AF Knuckles, T. L. Campen, M. J. Stanek, L. W. BE McQueen, CA TI Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 6: CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PARTICULATE MATTER EXPOSURE; CONCENTRATED AMBIENT PARTICLES; HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE-RATS; OIL FLY-ASH; CARDIOPULMONARY-COMPROMISED RATS; DIESEL-EXHAUST INHALATION; CARDIAC OXIDATIVE STRESS; PROTEIN-KINASE PATHWAY; UNITED-STATES CITIES C1 [Knuckles, T. L.; Campen, M. J.] Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. [Stanek, L. W.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Knuckles, TL (reprint author), Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. NR 147 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 465 EP 487 PG 23 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Toxicology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Toxicology GA BA2OD UT WOS:000333714400025 ER PT J AU Hazari, MS Costa, DL AF Hazari, M. S. Costa, D. L. BE McQueen, CA TI Pulmonary Mechanical Function and Gas Exchange SO COMPREHENSIVE TOXICOLOGY, VOL 8: RESPIRATORY TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CONCENTRATED AMBIENT PARTICLES; SUBCHRONIC EXPOSURES; GUINEA-PIGS; NONINVASIVE MEASUREMENT; AIRWAY-OBSTRUCTION; BAROMETRIC METHOD; WOOD SMOKE; C-FIBERS; LUNG; RATS C1 [Hazari, M. S.; Costa, D. L.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hazari, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-046884-6 PY 2010 BP 151 EP 169 PG 19 WC Respiratory System; Toxicology SC Respiratory System; Toxicology GA BA2JY UT WOS:000333466500008 ER PT S AU Daughton, CG AF Daughton, C. G. BE Halden, RU TI Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Drinking Water: Overview of Occurrence and Significance of Human Exposure SO CONTAMINANTS OF EMERGING CONCERN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: ECOLOGICAL AND HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 238th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)/American-Chemical-Society (ACS) Symposium on Emerging Contaminants, Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs), and Organohalogens in Wastewater and Municipal Biosolids CY AUG 16-20, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Toxicol, Amer Chem Soc, Env Chem Inc ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; HEALTH-RISK-ASSESSMENT; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING COMPOUNDS; INDIRECT POTABLE REUSE; DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; WASTE-WATER; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; EMERGING CONTAMINANTS AB A comprehensive examination is presented of the data published through 2009 on the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that have been reported in finished drinking water (FDW). A synoptic review reveals that quantitative occurrence data for FDW exists for 64 APIs and miscellaneous transformation products, reported in 48 publications. Significantly, however, for these 64 substances only 17 have quantitative data from more than two reports each; only 36 have corroborative data from a second study. Almost all of the available data has been published since the year 2000. The occurrence data are organized around the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. The top four ATC classes for which the most API data have been reported are: N, C, V, and M. APIs have been reported for 7 of the 14 main ATC classes; no API has been reported for ATC classes A, B, H, L, R, or S. Some emphasis is also placed on negative data - those APIs with either data of absence or absence of data. The six most frequently reported APIs in FDW (in descending order) are: carbamazepine, ibuprofen, sulfamethoxazole, clofibric acid, gemfibrozil, and iopromide. The six APIs with roughly the most consistent highest reported concentrations are: ibuprofen, triclosan, carbamazepine, phenazone, clofibric acid, and acetaminophen. With only one exception (ibuprofen and its methyl ester metabolite), no API exceeded a concentration of 1 ppb (1 mu g/L). Also covered are some of the reported transformation products and disinfection by-products unique to APIs. Some of the less-discussed aspects of the potential ramifications for human health are also included. A clearer picture is emerging as to the extent and scope of API occurrence in drinking water, some preliminary generalizations can be drawn, and a better sense is emerging of where future research should be directed. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. RP Daughton, CG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM daughton.christian@epa.gov OI Daughton, Christian/0000-0002-0302-7730 NR 192 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 40 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2496-4 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2010 VL 1048 BP 9 EP 68 PG 60 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BXP32 UT WOS:000296602400002 ER PT S AU Stevens, R AF Stevens, Rick BE Halden, RU TI US EPA's 2006-2007 Targeted National Sewage Sludge Survey SO CONTAMINANTS OF EMERGING CONCERN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: ECOLOGICAL AND HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 238th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)/American-Chemical-Society (ACS) Symposium on Emerging Contaminants, Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs), and Organohalogens in Wastewater and Municipal Biosolids CY AUG 16-20, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Toxicol, Amer Chem Soc, Env Chem Inc C1 US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Stevens, R (reprint author), US EPA, Off Water, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM stevens.rick@epa.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2496-4 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2010 VL 1048 BP 173 EP 198 PG 26 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BXP32 UT WOS:000296602400007 ER PT J AU Dellarco, VL Rowland, J May, B AF Dellarco, Vicki L. Rowland, Jess May, Brenda TI A retrospective analysis of toxicity studies in dogs and impact on the chronic reference dose for conventional pesticide chemicals SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Animal testing; dog toxicity studies; health-based reference values; pesticide chemicals; retrospective analysis ID NON-RODENT TOXICITY; SAFETY ASSESSMENT; DURATION AB Prior to October 2007, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) required both 13-week and 1-year studies in Beagle dogs be submitted in support of registration for pesticides. Following an extensive retrospective analysis, we (the authors) determined that the 1-year toxicity dog study should be eliminated as a requirement for pesticide registration. The present work presents this retrospective analysis of results from 13-week and 1-year dog studies for 110 conventional pesticide chemicals, representing more than 50 classes of pesticides. The data were evaluated to determine if the 13-week dog study, in addition to the long-term studies in two rodent species (mice and rats), were sufficient for the identification of no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) and lowest observed adverse effect levels (LOAELs) for the derivation of chronic reference doses (RfD). Only pesticides with adequate 13-week and 1-year duration studies were included in the present evaluation. Toxicity endpoints and dose-response data from 13-week and 1-year studies were compared. The analysis showed that 70 of the I 10 pesticides had similar critical effects regardless of duration and had NOAELs and LOAELs within a difference of 1.5-fold of each other. For the remaining 40 pesticides, 31 had lower NOAELs and LOAELs in the 1-year study, primarily due to dose selection and spacing. In only 2% of the cases were additional toxic effects identified in the 1-year study that were not observed in the 13-week study and/or in the rodent studies. In 8% of the cases, the 1-year dog had a lower NOAEL and/or LOAEL than the 13-week study, but there would have been no regulatory impact if the 1-year dog study had not been performed because adequate data were available from the other required studies. A dog toxicity study beyond 13-weeks does not have significant impact on the derivation of a chronic RfD for pesticide risk assessment. C1 [Dellarco, Vicki L.; Rowland, Jess; May, Brenda] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Dellarco, VL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Dellarco.Vicki@epamail.epa.gov NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-8444 J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 40 IS 1 BP 16 EP 23 DI 10.3109/10408440903401529 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 558MR UT WOS:000274748000002 PM 20144133 ER PT J AU Xu, Q Song, YQ Hollenbeck, A Blair, A Schatzkin, A Chen, HL AF Xu, Qun Song, Yiqing Hollenbeck, Albert Blair, Aaron Schatzkin, Arthur Chen, Honglei TI Day Napping and Short Night Sleeping Are Associated With Higher Risk of Diabetes in Older Adults SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID EXCESSIVE DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; SELF-REPORTED SLEEP; LARGE COHORT; DURATION; POPULATION; MORTALITY; HEALTH; DEPRESSION; COMMUNITY; QUALITY AB OBJECTIVE - To examine whether day napping or short night sleeping is associated with higher risk of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - This was a prospective study of hours of day napping and night sleeping assessed in 1996-1997 in relation to diabetes diagnosed between 2000 and 2006 (n = 10,143) among 174,542 participants in the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP Diet and Health Study. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI were derived from multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS - Longer day napping Was associated with a higher risk of diabetes. After adjustment for potential confounders, ORs were 1.23(95% CI 1.18-1.29) for those reporting <1 h and 1.55 (95% CI 1.45-1.66) for those reporting >= 1 h of napping compared with individuals who did not nap (P(trend) < 0.0001). For night sleeping, with 7-8 h as the referent, the OR was 1.46 (95% CI 1.31-1.63) for <5 h, 1.11 (1.06-1.16) for 5-6 h, and 1.11 (0.99-1.24) for >= 9 h. In both analyses, additional adjustment for BMI only modestly attenuated the associations. Further analysis showed a statistically significant interaction between hours of napping and sleeping on diabetes (P(interaction) < 0.0001). Among participants With no napping, only short night sleeping was associated with higher occurrence of diabetes, whereas among those with >= 1 h of napping, both long and short sleeping was associated with higher risk. CONCLUSIONS - Day napping and short night sleeping are associated with higher risk of diabetes. The association between sleep duration and diabetes may be modified by napping habit. C1 [Xu, Qun; Chen, Honglei] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Song, Yiqing] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hollenbeck, Albert] AARP, Washington, DC USA. [Blair, Aaron] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Rockville, MD USA. [Schatzkin, Arthur] NCI, Nutr Epidemiol Branch, Rockville, MD USA. RP Chen, HL (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM chenh2@niehs.nih.gov OI Chen, Honglei/0000-0003-3446-7779 FU NIH; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES-101986]; National Cancer Institute [Z01-CP-010196-02] FX This study was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES-101986) and the National Cancer Institute (Z01-CP-010196-02).; No Potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.; We are grateful for the continuous contribution of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study participants. NR 25 TC 55 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JAN PY 2010 VL 33 IS 1 BP 78 EP 83 DI 10.2337/dc09-1143 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 544AA UT WOS:000273622200016 PM 19825823 ER PT S AU Stepinski, TF Salazar, J Ding, W White, D AF Stepinski, Tomasz F. Salazar, Josue Ding, Wei White, Denis BE Pfahringer, B Holmes, G Hoffmann, A TI ESTATE: Strategy for Exploring Labeled Spatial Datasets Using Association Analysis SO DISCOVERY SCIENCE, DS 2010 SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Discovery Science (DS) CY OCT 06-08, 2010 CL Canberra, AUSTRALIA SP AF Off Sci Res, Asian Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Artificial Intelligence Journal DE Spatial databases; association patterns; clustering; similarity measure; biodiversity ID LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; PATTERNS AB We propose an association analysis-based strategy for exploration of multi-attribute spatial datasets possessing naturally arising classification. Proposed strategy, ESTATE (Exploring Spatial daTa Association patTErns), inverts such classification by interpreting different classes found in the dataset in terms of sets of discriminative patterns of its attributes. It consists of several core steps including discriminative data mining, similarity between transactional patterns, and visualization. An algorithm for calculating similarity measure between patterns is the major original contribution that facilitates summarization of discovered information and makes the entire framework practical for real life applications. Detailed description of the ESTATE framework is followed by its application to the domain of ecology using a dataset that fuses the information on geographical distribution of biodiversity of bird species across the contiguous United States with distributions of 32 environmental variables across the same area. C1 [Stepinski, Tomasz F.; Salazar, Josue] Lunar & Planetary Inst, 3303 NASA Rd 1, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Ding, Wei] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Comp Sci, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [White, Denis] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Stepinski, TF (reprint author), Lunar & Planetary Inst, 3303 NASA Rd 1, Houston, TX 77058 USA. EM tom@lpi.usra.edu; salazar@lpi.usra.edu; ding@cs.umb.edu; white.denis@epa.gov FU National Science Foundation [IIS- 0812271] FX This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant IIS- 0812271. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-16183-4 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2010 VL 6332 BP 326 EP 340 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BDB77 UT WOS:000312499300023 ER PT J AU Puskin, JS AF Puskin, Jerome S. TI REPLY TO COHEN'S RESPONSE TO EPA POSITION ON CANCER RISK FROM LOW LEVEL RADIATION SO DOSE-RESPONSE LA English DT Letter ID EXPOSURE RP Puskin, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Radiat Protect Div, ORIA 6608J, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM puskin.jerome@epa.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT DOSE-RESPONSE SOC PI AMHERST PA UNIV MASSACHUSETTS SPH, MORRILL SCI CTR 1, N344, 639 N PLEASANT ST, AMHERST, MA 01003-9298 USA SN 1559-3258 J9 DOSE-RESPONSE JI Dose-Response PY 2010 VL 8 IS 3 BP 387 EP 388 DI 10.2203/dose-response.10-012.Puskin PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Toxicology GA 649CL UT WOS:000281744700010 ER PT J AU Yuan, LL AF Yuan, Lester L. TI Estimating the effects of excess nutrients on stream invertebrates from observational data SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE confounding variables; macroinvertebrate; nitrogen; nutrients; phosphorus; propensity scores; streams; total taxon richness ID ROCKY-MOUNTAIN STREAM; BOTTOM-UP CONTROL; PROPENSITY SCORE; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; PRIMARY PRODUCERS; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; RIVER CONTINUUM; FRESH-WATER; TOP-DOWN; ENRICHMENT AB Increased nutrient concentrations in streams and rivers have altered biological Structure and function. Manipulative studies have provided insights into different mechanisms by which changes in nutrient concentrations influence aquatic biota. but these studies are limited in spatial scope and in their quantification of nutrient effects oil aggregate measures of the invertebrate assemblage. Observational data provide it complementary Source of information to manipulative studies, but these data must be analyzed Such that the potential effects Of Spurious correlations are minimized. Propensity scores, a technique developed to analyze human health observational data, are applied here to estimate the effects of increased nutrients oil the total taxon richness of stream invertebrates in a large observational data set collected from the western United States. The analysis indicates that increases in nutrient concentration are strongly associated with and Cause decreases in invertebrate richness ill large, but wadeable, open-canopied streams. These decreases in invertebrate richness were not mediated by periphyton biomass, a commonly proposed mechanism by which nutrients influence invertebrates. fit smaller, closed-canopied streams, increases in nutrients Were associated with small increases in total richness that were not statistically significant. Using propensity scores can greatly improve the accuracy of insights drawn from observational data by minimizing the potential that factors other than the factor of interest may Confound the results. C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Yuan, LL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Mail Code 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM yuan.lester@epa.gov NR 74 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 36 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 20 IS 1 BP 110 EP 125 DI 10.1890/08-1750.1 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 566GM UT WOS:000275358100009 PM 20349834 ER PT J AU Fare, R Grosskopf, S Pasurka, CA AF Faere, Rolf Grosskopf, Shawna Pasurka, Carl A., Jr. TI Toxic releases: An environmental performance index for coal-fired power plants SO ENERGY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Environmental Performance Index; Malmquist Quantity Index; Good and Bad Outputs ID INVENTORY; PROGRAMS AB In order to assess the performance of electric power plants that produce both good and bad outputs, this study uses data from the toxic release inventory to construct an Environmental Performance Index (EPI). Fare, Grosskopf, and Pasurka (2006) demonstrated that for the one good output and one air pollutant case. the EPI simplifies to the ratio of good to bad output. In this paper, we extend the EPI to include an index of multiple bad outputs. After deriving the index as a Malmquist Quantity Index. we assemble data from 1998 to 2005 on releases of selected toxic chemicals and electricity generation for a sample of coal-fired power plants in the United States to demonstrate how the EPI can provide initial perspectives on trends in releases of toxic chemicals by coal-fired power plants. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pasurka, Carl A., Jr.] US Environm Protect Agcy 1809T, Off Policy Econ & Innovat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Faere, Rolf; Grosskopf, Shawna] Oregon State Univ, Dept Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Faere, Rolf] Oregon State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Pasurka, CA (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy 1809T, Off Policy Econ & Innovat, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM PASURKA.CARL@EPA.GOV RI Fare, Rolf/H-5932-2013; GROSSKOPF , Shawnax/H-4031-2013; Pasurka, Carl/H-8996-2016 OI Pasurka, Carl/0000-0001-9846-1507 NR 20 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0140-9883 J9 ENERG ECON JI Energy Econ. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 32 IS 1 BP 158 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.eneco.2009.07.005 PG 8 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 544CE UT WOS:000273628700018 ER PT J AU Ward, WO Swartz, CD Hanley, NM Whitaker, JW Franzen, R DeMarini, DM AF Ward, William O. Swartz, Carol D. Hanley, Nancy M. Whitaker, John W. Franzen, Robert DeMarini, David M. TI Mutagen Structure and Transcriptional Response: Induction of Distinct Transcriptional Profiles in Salmonella TA100 by the Drinking-Water Mutagen MX and Its Homologues SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE microarray; Salmonella; mutagenicity; drinking water; structure activity ID CHLORINATED BUTENOIC ACIDS; DNA-DAMAGING AGENTS; GENE-EXPRESSION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IN-VIVO; CARCINOGENICITY; MICROARRAY AB The relationship between chemical structure and biological activity has been examined for various compounds and endpoints for decades. To explore this question relative to global gene expression, we performed microarray analysis of Salmonella TA100 after treatment under conditions of mutagenesis by the drinking-water mutagen MX and two of its structural homologues, BA-1, and BA-4. Approximately 50% of the genes expressed differentially following MX treatment were unique to MX; the corresponding percentages for BA-1 and BA-4 were 91 and 80, respectively. Among these mutagens, there was no overlap of altered Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways or RegulonDB regulons. Among the 25 Comprehensive Microbial Resource functions altered by these mutagens, only four were altered by more than one mutagen. Thus, the three structural homologues produced distinctly different transcriptional profiles, with none having a single altered KEGG pathway in common. We tested whether structural similarity between a xenobiotic and endogenous metabolites could explain transcriptional changes. For the 830 intracellular metabolites in Salmonella that we examined, BA-1 had a high degree of structural similarity to 2-iso-propylmaleate, which is the substrate for isopropylmalate isomerase. The transcription of the gene for this enzyme was suppressed twofold in BA-1-treated cells. Finally, the distinct transcriptional responses of the three structural homologues were not predicted by a set of phenotypic anchors, including mutagenic potency, cytotoxicity, mutation spectra, and physicochemical properties. Ultimately, explanations for varying transcriptional responses induced by compounds with similar structures await an improved understanding of the interactions between small molecules and the cellular machinery. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 51:69-79, 2010. Published 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Ward, William O.; Hanley, Nancy M.; DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Swartz, Carol D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Whitaker, John W.] Univ Leeds, Inst Mol & Cellular Biol, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Franzen, Robert] Tampere Univ Technol, Dept Chem & Bioengn, Chem Lab, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. RP DeMarini, DM (reprint author), B143 06 US Environm Protect Agcy, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM demarini.david@epa.gov RI Franzen, Robert/G-4226-2014 FU NHEERL-DESE Cooperative Training Agreement in Environmental Science Research [U.S. EPA CT 82651301] FX Grant sponsor: NHEERL-DESE Cooperative Training Agreement in Environmental Science Research: Grant number U.S. EPA CT 82651301. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 51 IS 1 BP 69 EP 79 DI 10.1002/em.20512 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 548EB UT WOS:000273941300009 PM 19598237 ER PT J AU Wilkin, RT Rogers, DA AF Wilkin, Richard T. Rogers, David A. TI Nickel sulfide formation at low temperature: initial precipitates, solubility and transformation products SO ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE groundwater; remediation; X-ray absorption spectroscopy ID MULTIPLE-SCATTERING CALCULATIONS; PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIER; ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; AMBIENT CONDITIONS; NIS; COMPLEXATION; SEAWATER; KINETICS; METALS AB The formation of nickel sulfides has been examined experimentally over the temperature range from 25 to 60 degrees C. At all conditions studied, hexagonal (alpha-NiS) was the initial precipitate from solution containing Ni(2+) and dissolved sulfide. Freshly precipitated nickel sulfide possesses significant residual Ni-O coordination as revealed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. With progressive aging, residual Ni-O coordination is replaced by Ni-S coordination. The formation of millerite (beta-NiS, rhombohedral) was not detected in any of the synthesis experiments. In the presence of elemental sulfur, hexagonal NiS converted to polydymite (Ni(3)S(4)) and vaesite (NiS(2)). Thus, conversion of nickel monosulfide to thiospinel and disulfide structures appears to be redox dependent, analogous to aging and transformation processes of iron sulfides. In the absence of elemental sulfur or with only hydrogen sulfide or bisulfide present, transformation of hexagonal NiS was not observed after 1680 h at 60 degrees C. Low-pH solubility experiments yielded a solubility product for hexagonal NiS of log K(s0) = -2.69 +/- 0.26. Solubility data at pH > 3 suggest that Ni-bisulfide complexation is important in controlling the solubility of Ni in sulfidic solutions. C1 [Wilkin, Richard T.; Rogers, David A.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Wilkin, RT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM wilkin.rick@epa.gov FU USA Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; USA Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Department of Energy FX The USA Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded the research described here. It has not been subjected to agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the USA Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. Additionally the authors would like to thank Tomohiro Shibata for his assistance with the XAS data collection. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We greatly appreciate the constructive comments provided by two anonymous reviewers. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 24 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1448-2517 J9 ENVIRON CHEM JI Environ. Chem. PY 2010 VL 7 IS 6 BP 514 EP 523 DI 10.1071/EN10076 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 696UK UT WOS:000285466700004 ER PT J AU Jasper, A Salih, HH Sorial, GA Sinha, R Krishnan, R Patterson, CL AF Jasper, Anthony Salih, Hafiz H. Sorial, George A. Sinha, Rajib Krishnan, Radha Patterson, Craig L. TI Impact of Nanoparticles and Natural Organic Matter on the Removal of Organic Pollutants by Activated Carbon Adsorption SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Waste Management and Technology CY NOV 05-07, 2008 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA DE activated carbon; adsorption; agglomeration; nanoparticles; particle size distribution (PSD); trichloroethylene (TCE) ID WATER AB Isotherm experiments evaluating trichloroethylene (TCE) adsorption onto powdered-activated carbon (PAC) were conducted in the presence and absence of three commercially available nanomaterials: iron oxide (Fe(2)O(3)), titanium dioxide (TiO(2)), and silicon dioxide (SiO(2)). Isotherm experiments were also conducted in the presence and absence of natural organic matter (NOM), in the form of humic acid, to more closely model natural water conditions. Nanoparticles at two concentration levels (0.5 and 1.0 mg/L for Fe(2)O(3) and TiO(2), and 5.0 and 10 mg/L for SiO(2)) were considered. Zeta potential and pH of point of zero charge (pH(pzc)) of the nanoparticles and the PAC were measured. Particle size distribution (PSD) of the nanoparticle dispersions was analyzed as a function of time to determine the nanoparticle size range of each dispersion. Aggregation of Fe(2)O(3) and TiO(2) nanoparticles was observed but not for SiO(2) nanoparticles. Adsorption isotherm experiments were conducted at three initial TCE concentrations, two nanoparticle concentrations, and with varying amounts of PAC. Isotherm data showed a higher degree of adsorption in the presence of Fe(2)O(3) and TiO(2) nanoparticles, regardless of concentration. In activated carbon-free experiments both Fe(2)O(3) and TiO(2) nanoparticles alone were observed to act as adsorption sites for TCE by removing up to 60% of TCE from the aqueous phase. Silica appeared to have no impact on TCE adsorption at either of the concentrations evaluated, except in the presence of humic acid. This study provides important information related to the use of nanoparticles in water treatment and their impact on the performance of a commonly used adsorbent used to remove organic pollutants. No studies to date have attempted to quantitatively describe the adsorption behavior of TCE to PAC in the presence of TiO(2), SiO(2), and Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles. C1 [Jasper, Anthony; Salih, Hafiz H.; Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Sinha, Rajib; Krishnan, Radha] Shaw Environm Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Patterson, Craig L.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sorial, GA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, POB 210071, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM george.sorial@uc.edu NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 16 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 27 IS 1 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.1089/ees.2009.0234 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 542OP UT WOS:000273504300011 ER PT B AU Ramos, RG Olden, K AF Ramos, Rosemarie G. Olden, Kenneth BE Roy, D Dorak, MT TI Gene-Environment Interactions, Phenotypic Changes, and Human Health SO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, GENES, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CANCERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Gene-environment interactions; Cancer; Environmental epidemiology; Public health perspective ID LUNG-CANCER RISK; MICROSOMAL EPOXIDE HYDROLASE; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; CUMULATIVE CIGARETTE-SMOKING; ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; ALCOHOLIC LIVER-DISEASE; COLORECTAL ADENOMA RISK; TRADE-CENTER DISASTER; AFRICAN-AMERICAN MEN; BODY-MASS INDEX AB The contribution of the environment to the development of chronic disease has historically been documented. As early as 1775, scrotal and nasal cancer was observed among chimney sweepers in London, England by British physician, Percival Potts. His hypothesis was that these cancers were induced by cumulative environmental exposure to chimney soot as they worked. The discipline of cancer epidemiology has continued in the tradition of Dr. Potts. The purpose of this discipline has not been to prove a cause-effect relationship between exposure and development of disease but to identify the "common thread" of exposures. Today, cancer epidemiology incorporates various scientific disciplines (i.e., risk assessment, toxicology, cellular and molecular biology) to quantify the dose-response relationship between an individual and suspect environmental factor. With the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003, we now know that individual genetic variability plays a significant role in modifying the effect of environmental exposures on disease development. Additionally, the utility of assessing the individual's genetic variability is invaluable in estimating the degree of severity at time of diagnosis as well as the risk of metastasis and other complications. This chapter explores the relationship of gene-environment interactions in cancer from an environmental epidemiology and public health perspective. C1 [Ramos, Rosemarie G.; Olden, Kenneth] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Ramos, RG (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM ramosr@niehs.nih.gov; olden@niehs.nih.gov NR 173 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4419-6751-0 PY 2010 BP 11 EP 51 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6752-7_2 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-6752-7 PG 41 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BRE97 UT WOS:000282535900002 ER PT J AU Arroyo, L Trejos, T Hosick, T Machemer, S Almirall, JR Gardinali, PR AF Arroyo, Luis Trejos, Tatiana Hosick, Theresa Machemer, Steven Almirall, Jose R. Gardinali, Piero R. TI Analysis of Soils and Sediments by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS): An Innovative Tool for Environmental Forensics SO ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS LA English DT Article DE soils; sediments; laser ablation; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; environmental forensics; elemental analysis; heavy metals ID ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY; X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE; HYDRIDE GENERATION; CONTAMINATED SOILS; DIGESTION METHODS; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; FLORIDA SOILS; HEAVY-METALS; SAMPLES AB This article describes the applicability of a rapid laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) method for the analysis of soil and sediment samples with broad chemical and physical properties and the comparison of its analytical performance to digestion protocols commonly used in environmental sciences. Two sets of samples were evaluated, contaminated soils from a residential area and undisturbed sediments from natural environments. Analytical results obtained by LA-ICP-MS correlate well at the 95% confidence level to total digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and ICP-MS analysis. A total of 48 sediments collected in South Florida were also analyzed for screening purposes and to evaluate the application of LA-ICP-MS in environmental forensics. Normalization using Al combined with non-parametric correlation tests and principal component analyses were successfully used to predict correlations between data acquired by LA-ICP-MS and by partial digestion methods followed by ICP methods. Precision and accuracy for the LA method was 20%, which is typically accepted for digestion methods of soils and sediments. The overall bias, evaluated on reference standard materials, ranged from 8%-15%. The overall precision obtained on samples was 10% relative standard deviation (RSD). C1 [Arroyo, Luis; Gardinali, Piero R.] Florida Int Univ, SERC, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Arroyo, Luis; Trejos, Tatiana; Almirall, Jose R.; Gardinali, Piero R.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Trejos, Tatiana; Almirall, Jose R.] Florida Int Univ, IFRI, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Hosick, Theresa; Machemer, Steven] US EPA, Natl Enforcement Invest Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Gardinali, PR (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Biscayne Bay Campus,Marine Sci Bldg,MSB 356,3000, N Miami, FL 33181 USA. EM gardinal@fiu.edu RI Almirall, Jose/D-1280-2010 OI Almirall, Jose/0000-0002-5257-7499 FU National Park Service [CA-H5297-05-0133]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0420874]; Florida International University College of Arts and Sciences; International Forensic Research Institute at FIU; Southeast Environmental Research Center at FIU FX The authors would like to thank Yaribey Rodriguez and Claudia Meneses for helping with the sample preparation required for the CARE database. This investigation was partially funded by the National Park Service (under Cooperative Agreement CA-H5297-05-0133), the National Science Foundation (CHE-0420874), Florida International University College of Arts and Sciences, the International Forensic Research Institute at FIU, and the Southeast Environmental Research Center at FIU. This is SERC contribution #453. NR 46 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 40 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1527-5922 J9 ENVIRON FORENSICS JI Environ. Forensics PY 2010 VL 11 IS 4 BP 315 EP 327 AR PII 930473697 DI 10.1080/15275922.2010.494949 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 688VX UT WOS:000284884200004 ER PT J AU Van Aggelen, G Ankley, GT Baldwin, WS Bearden, DW Benson, WH Chipman, JK Collette, TW Craft, JA Denslow, ND Embry, MR Falciani, F George, SG Helbing, CC Hoekstra, PF Iguchi, T Kagami, Y Katsiadaki, I Kille, P Liu, L Lord, PG McIntyre, T O'Neill, A Osachoff, H Perkins, EJ Santos, EM Skirrow, RC Snape, JR Tyler, CR Versteeg, D Viant, MR Volz, DC Williams, TD Yu, L AF Van Aggelen, Graham Ankley, Gerald T. Baldwin, William S. Bearden, Daniel W. Benson, William H. Chipman, J. Kevin Collette, Tim W. Craft, John A. Denslow, Nancy D. Embry, Michael R. Falciani, Francesco George, Stephen G. Helbing, Caren C. Hoekstra, Paul F. Iguchi, Taisen Kagami, Yoshi Katsiadaki, Ioanna Kille, Peter Liu, Li Lord, Peter G. McIntyre, Terry O'Neill, Anne Osachoff, Heather Perkins, Ed J. Santos, Eduarda M. Skirrow, Rachel C. Snape, Jason R. Tyler, Charles R. Versteeg, Don Viant, Mark R. Volz, David C. Williams, Tim D. Yu, Lorraine TI Integrating Omic Technologies into Aquatic Ecological Risk Assessment and Environmental Monitoring: Hurdles, Achievements, and Future Outlook SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE environment; environmental monitoring; fish; metabolomics; microarray; regulatory toxicology; transcriptomics ID FATHEAD MINNOWS; TOXICOGENOMICS; MICROARRAY; ECOTOXICOLOGY; BIOMARKERS; RESPONSES; PROFILES; SYSTEMS; SITES AB BACKGROUND: In this commentary we present the findings from an international consortium on fish toxicogenomics sponsored by the U.K. Natural Environment Research Council (Fish Toxicogenomics-Moving into Regulation and Monitoring, held 21-23 April 2008 at the Pacific Environmental Science Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada). OBJECTIVES: The consortium from government agencies, academia, and industry addressed three topics: progress in ecotoxicogenomics, regulatory perspectives on roadblocks for practical implementation of toxicogenomics into risk assessment, and dealing with variability in data sets. DISCUSSION: Participants noted that examples of successful application of omic technologies have been identified, but critical studies are needed to relate molecular changes to ecological adverse outcome. Participants made recommendations for the management of technical and biological variation. They also stressed the need for enhanced interdisciplinary training and communication as well as considerable investment into the generation and curation of appropriate reference omic data. CONCLUSIONS: The participants concluded that, although there are hurdles to pass on the road to regulatory acceptance, omics technologies are already useful for elucidating modes of action of toxicants and can contribute to the risk assessment process as part of a weight-of-evidence approach. C1 [Chipman, J. Kevin] Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Van Aggelen, Graham; McIntyre, Terry; Osachoff, Heather; Skirrow, Rachel C.; Yu, Lorraine] Environm Canada, Pacific Environm Sci Ctr, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. [Baldwin, William S.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [Bearden, Daniel W.] NIST, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA. [Benson, William H.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Collette, Tim W.] US EPA, Athens, GA USA. [Craft, John A.] Glasgow Caledonian Univ, Glasgow G4 0BA, Lanark, Scotland. [Denslow, Nancy D.; Liu, Li] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Embry, Michael R.] Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC USA. [George, Stephen G.] Univ Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. [Helbing, Caren C.] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Hoekstra, Paul F.] Syngenta Crop Protect Canada Inc, Guelph, ON, Canada. [Iguchi, Taisen] Okazaki Natl Res Inst, Aichi, Japan. [Kagami, Yoshi] Ecogen Inc, Fukuoka, Japan. [Katsiadaki, Ioanna] Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Weymouth, Dorset, England. [Kille, Peter] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. [Lord, Peter G.] Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [O'Neill, Anne] Environm Agcy, Bristol, Avon, England. [Perkins, Ed J.] US Army Corps Engn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Santos, Eduarda M.; Tyler, Charles R.] Univ Exeter, Exeter, Devon, England. [Versteeg, Don] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Volz, David C.] Syngenta Crop Protect Inc, Greensboro, NC USA. RP Chipman, JK (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Univ Rd W, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. EM j.k.chipman@bham.ac.uk RI Falciani, Francesco/F-3490-2010; Kille, Peter/A-4337-2010; Viant, Mark/B-6339-2009; Williams, Tim/G-1180-2010; OI Kille, Peter/0000-0001-6023-5221; Viant, Mark/0000-0001-5898-4119; Williams, Timothy/0000-0002-5857-3851; Katsiadaki, Ioanna/0000-0001-8649-2795; Santos, Eduarda/0000-0002-4074-0121 FU U.K. National Environment Research Council [NE/D000793/1] FX The workshop was funded by the U.K. National Environment Research Council (grant NE/D000793/1). NR 34 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 8 U2 97 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 118 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1289/ehp.0900985 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 539XP UT WOS:000273292800017 PM 20056575 ER PT J AU Christensen, CH Platz, EA Andreotti, G Blair, A Hoppin, JA Koutros, S Lynch, CF Sandler, DA Alavanja, MCR AF Christensen, Carol H. Platz, Elizabeth A. Andreotti, Gabriella Blair, Aaron Hoppin, Jane A. Koutros, Stella Lynch, Charles F. Sandler, Dale A. Alavanja, Michael C. R. TI Coumaphos Exposure and Incident Cancer among Male Participants in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE agriculture; cancer; coumaphos; insecticide; livestock; neoplasms; occupational exposure; organophosphate; pesticide; prostate ID PROSTATE-CANCER; 3A4 METABOLISM; PESTICIDES; INHIBITION; CHEMICALS; ANDROGEN; HORMONES; RISK AB BACKGROUND: Coumaphos is an organophosphate livestock insecticide. Previous research in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) cohort observed a positive association between coumaphos and prostate cancer in men with a family history of prostate cancer. OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to determine the association between coumaphos and other major cancer sites and to explore the consistency of the association with prostate cancer early (1993-1999) and later (2000-2005) in AHS follow-up. METHODS: This study included 47,822 male licensed pesticide applicators. Incident cases were ascertained by linkage to state cancer registries, and exposure data were collected by enrollment questionnaire. Poisson regression was used to estimate rate ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of cancer for coumaphos exposure controlling for potentially confounding variables. RESULTS: Approximately 8% of applicators reported use of coumaphos; 8.5% reported a family history of prostate cancer. Cumulative exposure to coumaphos was not associated with cancer risk overall or with any major cancer site including prostate. In men with a family history of prostate cancer, we observed a positive association between ever use of coumaphos and prostate cancer in both early (RR = 2.07; 95% CI, 1.19-3.62, p-interaction = 0.005) and later (RR = 1.46; 95% CI, 0.89-2.40; p-interaction = 0.11) periods of follow-up. Across all years, this association was statistically significant (RR = 1.65; 95% CI, 1.13-2-38; p-interaction = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Coumaphos was not associated with any cancer evaluated here. In men with a Family history of disease, there was evidence of an association between coumaphos and prostate cancer, possibly due to genetic susceptibility; however, other explanations, including chance, are plausible. C1 [Andreotti, Gabriella; Blair, Aaron; Koutros, Stella; Alavanja, Michael C. R.] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,US Dept HHS, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Christensen, Carol H.] US EPA, Div Hlth Effects, Toxicol & Epidemiol Branch, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Christensen, Carol H.; Platz, Elizabeth A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.; Sandler, Dale A.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Lynch, Charles F.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Alavanja, MCR (reprint author), NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,US Dept HHS, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM alavanjm@mail.nih.gov OI Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute [Z01 CP044008]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES049030] FX This work was funded by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute (Z01 CP044008) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01 ES049030). C.H.C. conducted this work while an employee of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Pesticide Programs. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 118 IS 1 BP 92 EP 96 DI 10.1289/ehp.0800446 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 539XP UT WOS:000273292800030 PM 20056581 ER PT J AU Selin, NE Sunderland, EM Knightes, CD Mason, RA AF Selin, Noelle E. Sunderland, Elsie M. Knightes, Christopher D. Mason, Robert A. TI Sources of Mercury Exposure for US Seafood Consumers: Implications for Policy SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE biogeochemical cycling; exposure; mercury; seafood ID UNITED-STATES; SCIENTIFIC UNCERTAINTIES; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; MODEL; WATERS; FISH; SEDIMENTS; ATLANTIC; HEALTH AB BACKGROUND: Recent policies attempting to reduce adverse effects of methylmercury exposure from fish consumption in the United States have targeted reductions in anthropogenic emissions from U.S. sources. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the prospects for future North American and international emissions controls, we assessed the potential contributions of anthropogenic, historical, and natural mercury to exposure trajectories in the U.S. population over a 40-year time horizon. METHODS: We used models that simulate global atmospheric chemistry (GEOS-Chem); the fate, transport, and bioaccumulation of mercury in four types of freshwater ecosystems; and mercury cycling among different ocean basins. We considered effects on mercury exposures in the U.S. population based on dietary survey information and consumption data from the sale of commercial market fish. RESULTS: Although North American emissions controls may reduce mercury exposure by up to 50% for certain highly exposed groups such as indigenous peoples in the Northeast, the potential effects of emissions controls on populations consuming marine fish from the commercial market are less certain because of limited measurements. CONCLUSIONS: Despite uncertainties in the exposure pathway, results indicate that a combination of North American and international emissions controls with adaptation strategies is necessary to manage methylmercury risks across various demographic groups in the United States. C1 [Selin, Noelle E.] MIT, Joint Program Sci & Policy Global Change, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Sunderland, Elsie M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Knightes, Christopher D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Mason, Robert A.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA. RP Selin, NE (reprint author), MIT, Joint Program Sci & Policy Global Change, 77 Massachusetts Ave,E19-411H, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM selin@mit.edu RI Selin, Noelle/A-4158-2008; Mason, Robert/A-6829-2011; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014; Sunderland, Elsie/D-5511-2014 OI Selin, Noelle/0000-0002-6396-5622; Sunderland, Elsie/0000-0003-0386-9548 FU MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change; Electric Power Research Institute FX N.E.S. is supported by the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, which is funded in part by a consortium of 40 industrial and foundation sponsors (see http://globalchange.mit.edu/sponsors/current.html). E.M.S. acknowledges partial support from the Electric Power Research Institute. The remaining authors declare no competing financial interests. NR 55 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 40 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 118 IS 1 BP 137 EP 143 DI 10.1289/ehp.0900811 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 539XP UT WOS:000273292800038 PM 20056570 ER PT J AU Lim, CY Stein, M Ching, J Tang, R AF Lim, Chae Young Stein, Michael Ching, Jason Tang, Ruen TI Statistical properties of differences between low and high resolution CMAQ runs with matched initial and boundary conditions SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE CMAQ fine scale modeling; Sub-grid variability; Multiscale air quality modeling; Spatial variogram ID NORTHEASTERN IBERIAN PENINSULA; ATMOSPHERIC DATA ASSIMILATION; ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; METEOROLOGICAL MODEL; COMPLEX TERRAIN; ERROR; SENSITIVITY; PREDICTION; SYSTEM AB Numerical simulations of air quality models provide unique and different outputs for different choices of grid size. Thus, an important task is to understand the characteristics of model outcomes as a function of grid size in order to assess the quality of the model as to its fitness for meeting a specific design objective. This type of assessment is somewhat different than that of traditional operational performance and diagnostic type model evaluation. There, the objective is towards assessing errors in numerical models of air quality and utilizing concentration measurements from monitors to provide the bases for guidance towards model improvement and for their assessment of ability to predict and retrospectively map air quality. However, observations used as "truth'' to assess model performance have themselves properties unique to the data collection protocols, siting and spatial density of deployment. In the data assimilation community, the term "model error'' is used for the difference between model output given perfect inputs and the "truth'' (Kalnay, 2003). In this paper, we are concerned with one aspect of this "model error'', the discrepancy due to discretization of space by choice of grid size in the model. To understand discrepancy due to discretization, outputs from the Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ) at two resolutions are studied. The lower resolution run is carried out so that its initial and boundary conditions are as similar as possible to those for the higher resolution run, thus minimizing this source of discrepancies and allowing us to isolate discrepancies due to discretization. Differences are analyzed from a statistical perspective by comparing marginal distributions of two outputs and considering spatial variation of the differences. Results indicate sharp increases in spatial variation of the differences for the first few hours of running the model, followed by small increases thereafter. The spatial variation of the differences depends on the individual spatial structure of the original processes, which we show varies with the time of day. We also show that the spatial variations on sub-regions depend on whether the sub-region is in a rural or an urban area. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lim, Chae Young] Michigan State Univ, Dept Stat & Probabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Stein, Michael] Univ Chicago, Dept Stat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Ching, Jason] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Tang, Ruen] CSC, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Lim, CY (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Stat & Probabil, A426 Wells Hall, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM lim@stt.msu.edu; stein@galton.uchicago.edu; ching.jason@epa.gov; tang.ruen@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; University of Chicago [R - 82940201] FX The authors thank Dr V. Rao Kotamarthi in Argonne National Laboratory for his helpful and valuable comments on this paper. We also thank an editor and reviewers for their careful comments and suggestions which greatly help us to improve the paper. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under STAR Cooperative Agreement #R - 82940201 to the University of Chicago. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 25 IS 1 BP 158 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2009.06.007 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 536SC UT WOS:000273063100015 ER PT J AU Wade, TG Wickham, JD Zaccarelli, N Riitters, KH AF Wade, Timothy G. Wickham, James D. Zaccarelli, Nicola Riitters, Kurt H. TI A multi-scale method of mapping urban influence (vol 24, pg 1252, 2009) SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Correction C1 [Wade, Timothy G.; Wickham, James D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zaccarelli, Nicola] Univ Salento, Dept Biol & Environm Sci & Technol, Landscape Ecol Lab, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Riitters, Kurt H.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Wade, TG (reprint author), US EPA, MD243-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wade.timothy@epa.gov RI Zaccarelli, Nicola/B-9159-2008 OI Zaccarelli, Nicola/0000-0002-3146-0910 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 25 IS 1 BP 170 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2009.07.005 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 536SC UT WOS:000273063100016 ER PT J AU Raikow, DF Atkinson, JF Croley, TE AF Raikow, David F. Atkinson, Joseph F. Croley, Thomas E., II TI Development of Resource Shed Delineation in Aquatic Ecosystems SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOOD-WEB AB We apply a concept derived from food web ecology to large-scale spatial patterns of material supply within and between watersheds and coasts by generalizing the definition "resource shed" to source areas for materials supplied to a receptor (e.g., a point location) over a specified time interval. Independent hydrologic and hydrodynamic models, coupled with a particle tracking model, were used to delimit resource shed total spatial extent and relative contributory importance for selected receptors in Lake Erie (North America) over varying time intervals. One resource shed was extended into the Maumee River watershed (OH) by integrating the lake and hydrologic models. Model validation was achieved through comparison with data from the 2005 International Field Years on Lake Erie (IFYLE) study. Resource shed size, orientation, and internal structure varied with receptor location, in-lake circulation, terrestrial precipitation, time interval, and season. River plume extent and interaction were illustrated, and model integration revealed the relative contributory importance of subwatershed catchments to an off-shore receptor. C1 [Raikow, David F.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45243 USA. [Atkinson, Joseph F.] SUNY Buffalo, Great Lakes Program, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Croley, Thomas E., II] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Raikow, DF (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45243 USA. EM raikow.david@epa.gov FU New York Sea Grant Institute [R/CD-27] FX This work is sponsored by the New York Sea Grant Institute, Grant No. R/CD-27. We thank Ellen D'Amico for GIS support, Tom Johengen for assistance with IFYLE data, and Xueqin Xue for running the particle tracking model. Although this work was reviewed by U.S. EPA and approved for publication, official Agency policy is not established herein. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 1 BP 329 EP 334 DI 10.1021/es900562t PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 539PB UT WOS:000273267000055 PM 19958021 ER PT J AU Luecken, DJ Waterland, RL Papasavva, S Taddonio, KN Hutzell, WT Rugh, JP Andersen, SO AF Luecken, Deborah J. Waterland, Robert L. Papasavva, Stella Taddonio, Kristen N. Hutzell, William T. Rugh, John P. Andersen, Stephen O. TI Ozone and TFA Impacts in North America from Degradation of 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), A Potential Greenhouse Gas Replacement SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRIFLUOROACETIC-ACID; HALOACETIC ACIDS; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; OH RADICALS; WATERS; PRECIPITATION; ENVIRONMENT; CF3CF=CH2; RAIN AB We use a regional-scale, three-dimensional atmospheric model to evaluate U.S. air quality effects that would result from replacing HFC-134a in automobile air conditioners in the U.S. with HFO-1234yf. Although HFO-1234yf produces tropospheric ozone, the incremental amount is small, averaging less than 0.01% of total ozone formed during the simulation. We show that this production of ozone could be compensated for by a modest improvement in air conditioner efficiency. Atmospheric decomposition of HFO-1234yf produces trifluoroacetic acid MAL which is subject to wet and dry deposition. Deposition and concentrations of TFA are spatially variable due to HFO-1234yf's short atmospheric lifetime, with more localized peaks and less global transport when compared to HFC-134a. Over the 2.5 month simulation, deposition of TFA in the continental U.S. from mobile air conditioners averages 0.24 kg km(-2), substantially higher than previous estimates from all sources of current hydrofluorocarbons. Automobile air conditioning HFO-1234yf emissions are predicted to produce concentrations of TFA in Eastern U.S. rainfall at least double the values currently observed from all sources, natural and man-made. Our model predicts peak concentrations in rainfall of 1264 ng L(-1), a level that is 80x lower than the lowest level considered safe for the most sensitive aquatic organisms. C1 [Luecken, Deborah J.; Hutzell, William T.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Waterland, Robert L.] EI du Pont de Nemours & Co Inc, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. [Papasavva, Stella] Stella Papasavva Consulting, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA. [Taddonio, Kristen N.; Andersen, Stephen O.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Rugh, John P.] US DOE, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Luecken, DJ (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM luecken.deborah@epa.gov NR 41 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 1 BP 343 EP 348 DI 10.1021/es902481f PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 539PB UT WOS:000273267000057 PM 19994849 ER PT J AU Gullett, BK Wyrzykowska, B Grandesso, E Touati, A Tabor, DG Ochoa, GS AF Gullett, Brian K. Wyrzykowska, Barbara Grandesso, Emanuela Touati, Abderrahmane Tabor, Dennis G. Solorzano Ochoa, Gustavo TI PCDD/F, PBDD/F, and PBDE Emissions from Open Burning of a Residential Waste Dump SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; HOUSEHOLD WASTE; GREAT-LAKES; FLUE-GAS; MUNICIPAL; COMBUSTION; ATMOSPHERE; INCINERATORS AB This work reports on the first known field study determining emission factors for polychlorinated and polybrominated dibenzodioxins/dibenzofurans (P[C/B]DDs/Fs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) from open burning of domestic waste. Two burning waste dump sites in Mexico were sampled using high-volume samplers mounted to a mobile sampling boom. Concurrent measurements of CO and CO(2) allowed determination of emission factors via the carbon balance method. PCDD/F emission factors averaged 823 ng toxic equivalency (TEQ)/kg C(burned) (N = 8, 68% relative standard deviation, RSD), a value at least five times higher than those from previous tests with domestic waste burned in barrels and approximately 2000 times higher than those from stacks of modern municipal waste combustors. These emission factors appear to be related to combustion quality, as conditions conducive to smoldering combustion, rather than flaming combustion, resulted in higher emission factors. Emissions of 40 PBDE congeners, likely originating from brominated flame retardants averaged 724 mu g/kg C(burned) (RSD = 96%) and had congener patterns similar to those of reported atmospheric sampling. Emissions of PBDDs/Fs were similar in magnitude to their chlorinated counterparts, averaging 470 ng TEQ/kg C(burned) (RSD = 105%), and may originate as reaction products of PBDE combustion or as thermally desorbed impurities from the PBDE flame retardant. C1 [Gullett, Brian K.; Wyrzykowska, Barbara; Grandesso, Emanuela; Tabor, Dennis G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev E343 04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Touati, Abderrahmane] ARCADIS US Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Solorzano Ochoa, Gustavo] Ctr Nacl Invest & Capacitac Ambiental, Inst Nacl Ecol, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev E343 04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gullett.brian@epa.gov FU Research Foundation for Health and Environmental Effects (Arlington, VA); CENICA FX This work was supported by the Research Foundation for Health and Environmental Effects (Arlington, VA) and CENICA. The work described in this paper was not funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and, therefore, the contents do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. The authors acknowledge the efforts of CENICA personnel: Messrs. Gabor Kiss, Alejandro de la Rosa, Sergio Flores, Ismael Leon, and Salvador Blanco, municipality personnel: Soyaniquilpan de Juarez, San Martin de las Piramides, and, Temascalapa, and ARCADIS U.S. personnel: Messrs. Steve Terll and Donnie Gillis. NR 40 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 6 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 1 BP 394 EP 399 DI 10.1021/es902676w PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 539PB UT WOS:000273267000065 PM 19950929 ER PT J AU Bezawada, J Yan, S Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Bezawada, J. Yan, S. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Comparison of protease activities in different Bacillus licheniformis strains using wastewater sludge and synthetic soy medium as raw material SO ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus licheniformis 21424; protease activity; synthetic soy medium; wastewater sludge ID ALKALINE PROTEASES; BATCH CULTURES; THURINGIENSIS; BIOPESTICIDES; OPTIMIZATION; SPORULATION; SUBTILIS AB The production of extracellular protease by different Bacillus licheniformis strains (ATCC 21415, ATCC 21417 and ATCC 21424) was tested in wastewater sludge as a raw material as well as in synthetic soy medium to compare the capacity of protease production by different strains and to compare the capacity of the medium to provide nutrients for enzyme synthesis. All of the strains showed similar activities in both media. The protease activity was very high in the fermentor in both of the media compared with the shake flask. Results from microbial selection indicated that ATCC 21424 had high potential for protease production using sludge as a growth medium. The observation from this study suggested that wastewater sludge could be used as a raw material (nutrient source) to produce protease for industrial applications. C1 [Bezawada, J.; Yan, S.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A4984, STP235071] FX The authors are sincerely grateful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grants A4984, STP235071, and Canada Research Chair) for financial support. The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of authors and should not be construed as opinions of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-3330 J9 ENVIRON TECHNOL JI Environ. Technol. PY 2010 VL 31 IS 1 BP 63 EP 72 DI 10.1080/09593330903338429 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 546NN UT WOS:000273817600008 PM 20232680 ER PT J AU Ha, JH Ong, SK Surampalli, R Song, J AF Ha, Jeong Hyub Ong, Say Kee Surampalli, R. Song, JiHyeon TI Temperature effects on nitrification in polishing biological aerated filters (BAFs) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nitrification; biological aerated filter; recirculation; temperature ID NITROGEN REMOVAL; TERTIARY NITRIFICATION; BIOFILTER; MEDIA AB The effects of temperature on nitrification in a polishing biological aerated filter (BAF) were investigated using a 75-mm diameter pilot-scale BAF with a gravel media size of 5 mm and a depth of 1.7 m. Influent soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) and ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) concentrations were approximately 50 mg/L and 25 mg/L simulating the effluent from an aerated lagoon system. For an influent wastewater temperature of 6.5 degrees C, approximately 95% of NH3-N was nitrified at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 hours. By recirculating 200% of the effluent back into the BAF for a HRT of 1 hour and at 6.5 degrees C, NH3-N percentage removal improved from 54% to 92%. For NH3-N loading larger than 0.9 kg NH3-N/m3-day at 24 degrees C, the mass of NH3-N removed in kg NH3-N/m3-day reached an asymptotic value of 0.63 kg NH3-N/m3-day. The NH3-N concentrations within the column at different temperatures were modelled using zero-order biotransformation rate kinetics. The results showed that gravel BAF operating at an HRT of 1 hour with 100% or 200% recirculation can be used as an add-on technology for nitrification for cold weather conditions. C1 [Ong, Say Kee] Iowa State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ha, Jeong Hyub; Song, JiHyeon] Sejong Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Surampalli, R.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA. RP Ong, SK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM skong@iastate.edu RI Ong, Say Kee/H-7026-2013 OI Ong, Say Kee/0000-0002-5008-4279 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio [CR-828754-01] FX Partial support of this project was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, Contract CR-828754-01. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-3330 J9 ENVIRON TECHNOL JI Environ. Technol. PY 2010 VL 31 IS 6 BP 671 EP 680 AR PII 921805485 DI 10.1080/09593331003610915 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 594BJ UT WOS:000277507700010 PM 20540428 ER PT J AU Wrenn, BA Downer, RJ Venosa, AD AF Wrenn, B. A. Downer, R. J. Venosa, A. D. TI Effects of mixing energy on the sedimentation of vegetable oil spills by clay SO ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vegetable oil; oil-mineral aggregates; sedimentation ID FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; NUTRIENT FLUXES; MONO LAKE; PARTICLES; CALIFORNIA; ADSORPTION; EMULSIONS; MINERALS AB The effects of clay dose and mixing energy on the efficiency of vegetable oil sedimentation by clay are investigated. The sedimentation efficiency increased with increasing clay dose to a maximum of about 80% of added oil. The maximum sedimentation efficiency was achieved at a lower clay dose, and the sedimentation efficiency was greater for a given clay dose when the oil was present as a thick oil film rather than as a thinner film. Sedimentation efficiency was relatively constant for mixing energies less than about 0.01 m2 s-3 (0.01 W kg-1) but decreased dramatically at higher energy dissipation rates. Mixing energy may not be an important factor in determining the effectiveness of this response alternative because energy dissipation rates in natural surface water bodies under most typical conditions are less than 0.01 m2 s-3. The effects of oil film thickness and mixing energy on the efficiency of vegetable oil sedimentation suggests that vegetable oil-mineral aggregates (VOMA) form through a different mechanism to that of petroleum oil-mineral aggregates (OMA). One consequence of the different formation mechanisms is that VOMA are much larger than petroleum OMA. C1 [Wrenn, B. A.] Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Downer, R. J.] Burns & McDonnell Waste Consultants Inc, St Louis, MO 63026 USA. [Venosa, A. D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Wrenn, BA (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, Campus Box 1180, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM bawrenn@att.net FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Research and Development [CR 827853-01-0] FX This research was supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Research and Development through Cooperative Agreement No. CR 827853-01-0. EPA made comments and suggestions intended to improve the scientific analysis and technical accuracy of the document. These comments are included in the manuscript. However, the views expressed in the paper are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the EPA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-3330 J9 ENVIRON TECHNOL JI Environ. Technol. PY 2010 VL 31 IS 12 BP 1301 EP 1309 AR PII 927259537 DI 10.1080/09593330802015284 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 653XN UT WOS:000282131500001 PM 21121454 ER PT J AU Olszyk, D Pfleeger, T Lee, EH Plocher, M AF Olszyk, David Pfleeger, Thomas Lee, E. Henry Plocher, Milton TI POTATO (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM) GREENHOUSE TUBER PRODUCTION AS AN ASSAY FOR ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION EFFECTS FROM HERBICIDES SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Herbicide drift; Reproduction; Phytotoxicity; Assay ID SIMULATED DRIFT; SENSITIVITY; PLANTS; SITE AB The present study determined whether young potato plants can be used as an assay to indicate potential effects of pesticides on asexual reproduction. Solanum tuberosum (Russet Burbank) plants were grown from seed pieces in a mineral soil in pots under greenhouse conditions. Plants were treated with herbicides (cloransulam, dicamba, glyphosate, imazapyr, primsulfuron, sulfometuron, or tribenuron) at simulated drift levels [<= 0.1 x standard field application rates (f.a.r.)], approximately 14 d after emergence (DAE). Plant height was measured approximately 14 d after treatment (DAT). Production of small tubers and shoot dry weight were determined at approximately 28 DAT. Imazapyr, sulfometuron, and tribenuron caused significant reductions in tuber fresh weight, with the effective concentrations producing a 25% potato tuber fresh weight (EC25) of 0.00038, 0.0016, and 0.0021 x f.a.r. of 1,124, 52, and 9 g active ingredient hectare(-1) (g a.i. HA(-1)), respectively. Primisulfuron, dicamba, and cloransulam also significantly reduced tuber fresh weight, but with higher EC25 values of 0.011, 0.07, and 0.010 to 0.2 x f.a.r. of 40, 558, and 18 g a.i. HA(-1), respectively. Glyphosate had little effect on tuber fresh weight, with a significant reduction in only one experiment. Sulfometuron reduced tuber fresh weight at an EC25 value lower than the EC25 values for shoot dry weight or plant height. For other herbicides, the reduction in tuber fresh weight occurred within the range of EC25 values for other responses. Although additional experiments are required to develop further a phytotoxicity test, these results indicated that tuber production in young potato plants (harvested approximately 42 DAE) may be an effective assay for below-ground asexual reproductive responses to herbicides, especially acetolactate synthase inhibitors. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010; 29: 111-121. (C) 2009 SETAC C1 [Olszyk, David; Pfleeger, Thomas; Lee, E. Henry] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Plocher, Milton] Dynamac Corp, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Olszyk, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM olszyk.david@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [68-D-01-005] FX The information in this document has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under contract number 68-D-01-005 to Dynamac Corporation. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors thank Henry Miller and Elizabeth Davis from the Senior Environmental Employee program of the National Asian Pacific Center on Aging for their valuable assistance in carrying out these experiments. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 1 BP 111 EP 121 DI 10.1002/etc.12 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 570OY UT WOS:000275688800013 PM 20821425 ER PT J AU Burkhard, LP Cook, PM Lukasewycz, MT AF Burkhard, Lawrence P. Cook, Philip M. Lukasewycz, Marta T. TI DIRECT APPLICATION OF BIOTA-SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION FACTORS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Bioaccumulation; Biota-sediment accumulation factors; Sediment ID AQUATIC FOOD-WEBS; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; MODEL; BIOACCUMULATION; ECOSYSTEMS; ONTARIO; FIELD AB In the early stages of risk assessments for sites with contaminated sediments, predictions of risks are often complicated or limited by sparse or inadequate bioaccumulation data. These limitations often require risk assessors to estimate bioaccumulation relationships in order to complete the assessments of risk. In the present study, the errors are evaluated with the simple (direct) application of field measured biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) to other species at a specific location, and to the same species and/or other species at other locations within a site and to other sites. The median (90th percentile) differences in directly applying BSAFs to other species at a specific location were <= 2.1 x (<= 5.1x) for fish and mussel species groups. The median (90th percentile) differences for applications across locations within a site for a specific species and to other species were <= 3.3x(< 10x) for fish, mussel, and decapod crustacean groups. For direct application across sites, slightly larger median (90th percentile) differences were observed, i.e., <= 4.0x (<= 12x). The analysis was performed using a data set of 17,848 BSAFs spanning 392 chemicals/chemical combinations and 71 species. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010; 29: 230-236. Published 2009 SETAC C1 [Burkhard, Lawrence P.; Cook, Philip M.; Lukasewycz, Marta T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Burkhard, LP (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM burkhard.lawrence@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors thank Todd Bridges, Marc Greenberg, and David Mount for their reviews of this report. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The present study has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 1 BP 230 EP 236 DI 10.1002/etc.25 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 570OY UT WOS:000275688800027 PM 20821439 ER PT B AU Harvey, J Russell, M Dantin, D Nestlerode, J AF Harvey, James Russell, Marc Dantin, Darrin Nestlerode, Janet BE Crane, JR Solomon, AE TI INTEGRATED APPROACHES TO ESTUARINE USE AND PROTECTION: TAMPA BAY ECOSYSTEM SERVICES CASE STUDY SO ESTUARIES: TYPES, MOVEMENT PATTERNS AND CLIMATICAL IMPACTS SE Environmental Science Engineering and Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB The Tampa Bay region faces projected stress from climate change, contaminants, nutrients, and of human development on a natural ecosystem that is valued (economically, aesthetically and culturally) in its present state. With fast-paced population increases, conversion and development of open land, and other stresses, redressing past damage to Bay habitats and protecting them in the future will remain the greatest challenge for managers in this region. Maintaining water quality gains of recent decades and sustaining ecological services requires careful thought and planning to compensate for these stressors. Approaches piloted during this study will be applicable to many urbanized estuaries, particularly along the U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastline, because they face similar stresses. Regional and local planners, managers, and decision-makers, like those in the Tampa region, require new or modified ways to address questions regarding the production, delivery, and consumption of ecosystem services under various projected future scenarios of climate change and urban development. Approaches that we are developing collaboratively must address human well-being endpoints (the focus of ecosystem services) as well as more traditional measures of ecosystem integrity, sustainability, and productivity. Predictive estimates of ecosystem services value require 1) Alternative future scenarios, especially population growth and effects from climate change 2) Models translating environmental conditions set by these scenarios into ecosystem services production and their sustainability at different scales from local neighborhoods to watershed and larger and 3) An approach to visualize and link model outputs to a common currency for prioritization and valuation. Collectively, these comprise tools that can be used to make well-informed, thoughtful, and publically transparent decisions. C1 [Harvey, James; Russell, Marc; Dantin, Darrin; Nestlerode, Janet] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Harvey, J (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60876-859-2 J9 ENVIRON SCI ENG TECH PY 2010 BP 263 EP 277 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BPE26 UT WOS:000278683700008 ER PT J AU Ridley, CE Ellstrand, NC AF Ridley, Caroline E. Ellstrand, Norman C. TI Rapid evolution of morphology and adaptive life history in the invasive California wild radish (Raphanus sativus) and the implications for management SO EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE aster models; demography; invasive; local adaptation; phenotype; Raphanus; reciprocal transplant ID INTRODUCED PLANT-POPULATIONS; RAPHANISTRUM L BRASSICACEAE; SEED-WEIGHT VARIATION; GENETIC-VARIATION; SPECIES INVASIONS; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; ADAPTATION; SELECTION; ECOLOGY AB Understanding the evolution and demography of invasive populations may be key for successful management. In this study, we test whether or not populations of the non-native, hybrid-derived California wild radish have regionally adapted to divergent climates over their 150-year history in California and determine if population demographic dynamics might warrant different region-specific strategies for control. Using a reciprocal transplant approach, we found evidence for genetically based differences both between and among northern, coastal and southern, inland populations of wild radish. Individual fitness was analyzed using a relatively new statistical method called 'aster modeling' which integrates temporally sequential fitness measurements. In their respective home environments, fitness differences strongly favored southern populations and only slightly favored northern populations. Demographic rates of transition and sensitivities also differed between regions of origin, suggesting that the most effective approach for reducing overall population growth rate would be to target different life-history stages in each region. C1 [Ridley, Caroline E.; Ellstrand, Norman C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Ridley, CE (reprint author), US EPA, Amer Assoc Advancement Sci Fellow, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 2 Potomac Yard,2733 S Crystal Dr, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. EM ridley.caroline@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX The authors would like to thank the staff of the Agricultural Experiment Station at the University of California Riverside, the National Park Service, and a host of Ellstrand lab members for assistance in the field. C. Geyer, R. Marushia, H. Regan, and R. Shaw provided advice on data analysis. The research described in this paper was performed by C.E.R. in partial completion of her PhD requirements and was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under a Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Graduate Fellowship. EPA has not officially endorsed this publication, and the views expressed herein may not reflect the views of the EPA. NR 63 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 8 U2 60 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1752-4571 J9 EVOL APPL JI Evol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 3 IS 1 BP 64 EP 76 DI 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2009.00099.x PG 13 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 534GP UT WOS:000272884700006 PM 25567904 ER PT J AU Leinisch, F Ranguelova, K Jiang, JJ Sinha, BK Corbett, J Mason, RP AF Leinisch, Fabian Ranguelova, Kalina Jiang, JinJie Sinha, Birandra K. Corbett, Jean Mason, Ronald P. TI The Assessment of Artifacts Originating from the Non-Radical Forrester-Hepburn Mechanism as a Side Reaction in Sulfite Radical Spin Trapping by DMPO and its N-15 Analog SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-Medicine /15th Biennial Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Research-International CY NOV 17-21, 2010 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Free Radi Biol Med, Soc Free Radi Res Int C1 [Leinisch, Fabian; Ranguelova, Kalina; Jiang, JinJie; Sinha, Birandra K.; Corbett, Jean; Mason, Ronald P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PY 2010 VL 49 SU 1 BP S211 EP S212 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.10.616 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 681VD UT WOS:000284348000624 ER PT J AU Summers, FA Mason, RP Bonini, MG AF Summers, Fiona A. Mason, Ronald P. Bonini, Marcelo G. TI A Novel Peroxidase Activity of Human Manganese Superoxide Dismutase SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-Medicine /15th Biennial Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Research-International CY NOV 17-21, 2010 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Free Radi Biol Med, Soc Free Radi Res Int C1 [Summers, Fiona A.; Mason, Ronald P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Bonini, Marcelo G.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PY 2010 VL 49 SU 1 BP S103 EP S103 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.10.273 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 681VD UT WOS:000284348000288 ER PT J AU Bergfelt, DR Steinetz, BG Dunn, JL Atkinson, S Testa, JW Adams, GP AF Bergfelt, Don R. Steinetz, Bernard G. Dunn, J. Lawrence Atkinson, Shannon Testa, J. Ward Adams, Gregg P. TI Validation of a homologous canine relaxin radioimmunoassay and application with pregnant and non-pregnant Northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus); Relaxin; Radioimmunoassay; Pregnancy ID SECRETION; PROGESTERONE; SERUM; CYCLE; IMPLANTATION; HORMONE; PATTERN; EMBRYO; MARKER; URINE AB The primary objectives of this study were to validate a canine relaxin RIA for use in otariids and phocids and consider practical applications. For 6 captive Northern fur seal females, serum samples were grouped and examined according to pregnancy (n = 13), post-partum (n = 8) and non-pregnancy (n = 6), and, for 2 captive Northern fur seal males, serum samples were grouped and examined together regardless of age (2 mo-15 yrs, n = 6). Placental tissue was available for examination from one Northern fur seal, Steller sea lion and harbor seal. The validation process involved several steps using an acid-acetone extraction process to isolate a relaxin-containing fraction in pools of serum from each group of fur seals and placental tissue from each seal species. A relaxin-like substance was detected in extracts of pregnant, non-pregnant and male serum and placental tissue in a dose-responsive manner as increasing volumes of respective extracts or amounts of canine relaxin were introduced into the assay. In raw serum samples, mean immuno-reactive relaxin concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) during pregnancy than post-partum and non-pregnancy, and lower (P < 0.05) in male than female fur seals. During pregnancy, mean serum concentrations of relaxin progressively increased (P < 0.05) over Months 4-10 and, in serial samples collected from the same fur seals before and after parturition, mean concentrations were higher (P < 0.06) pre-partum than post-partum. In conclusion, validation of a homologous canine relaxin RIA for use in otariids and phocids resulted in the discovery of a relaxin-like substance in extracted and raw serum and placental tissue from Northern fur seals, a Steller sea lion and harbor seal. Distinctly higher immuno-reactive concentrations during pregnancy indicated the potential for relaxin to serve as a hormonal marker to differentiate between pregnant and non-pregnant or pseudopregnant pinnipeds. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Bergfelt, Don R.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Steinetz, Bernard G.] NYU, Sch Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. [Dunn, J. Lawrence] Myst Aquarium & Inst Explorat, Mystic, CT 06355 USA. [Atkinson, Shannon] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Atkinson, Shannon] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, Seward, AK 99664 USA. [Testa, J. Ward] Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Adams, Gregg P.] Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada. RP Bergfelt, DR (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM bergfelt.don@epa.gov FU National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, WA; Alaska SeaLife Center's Pinniped Research Program, Seward, AK; Sea Research Foundation, Mystic, CT FX This study was supported, in part, with funds from the National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, WA and Alaska SeaLife Center's Pinniped Research Program, Seward, AK and is Contribution Number 184 of the Sea Research Foundation, Mystic, CT. The authors would like to thank Gayle Sirpenski of Mystic Aquarium for the Northern fur seal serum samples, Liz Wheeler of the California Marine Mammal Center for the Northern fur seal placental sample, Jacqueline Ramsay of the University of Alaska and Alaska SeaLife Center for the Steller sea lion and harbor seal placentae, and Sally Lasano of NYU School of Medicine for technical assistance in conducting the relaxin assays. Portions of the results reported herein have been presented previously (Bergfelt et al., 2008; Steinetz et al., 2009). NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD JAN 1 PY 2010 VL 165 IS 1 BP 19 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.05.017 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 542HP UT WOS:000273483900003 PM 19501094 ER PT S AU Copeland, WC AF Copeland, William C. BE Nasheuer, HP TI The Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase in Health and Disease SO GENOME STABILITY AND HUMAN DISEASES SE Subcellular Biochemistry LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE DNA polymerase gamma; Mitochondrial disease; Mitochondrial DNA replication; Mitochondrial DNA repair; Nucleoside analogs ID BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; PROGRESSIVE EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA; VIRUS REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; ANTIVIRAL NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS; ANTI-HIV DEOXYNUCLEOTIDES; P55 ACCESSORY SUBUNIT; SELECTIVE ACTION; POLG MUTATIONS; W748S MUTATION; IN-VITRO AB Since mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been shown to be a cause of many mitochondrial diseases as well as aging, it is important to understand the origin of these mutations and how replication proteins modulate this process. DNA polymerase gamma (pol gamma) is the polymerase that is responsible for replication and repair of mtDNA. Pol gamma has three main roles in mtDNA maintenance and mutagenesis. As the only known DNA polymerase in mitochondria, pol gamma is required for all replication and repair functions and is the main source of errors produced in human mtDNA. Pol gamma is also sensitive to a host of antiviral nucleoside analogs used to treat HIV-1 infections, which can cause an induced mitochondrial toxicity. Finally, the gene for pol gamma, POLG, is a genetic locus for several mitochondrial disease with over 150 genetic mutations currently identified. C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Copeland, WC (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM copelan1@niehs.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA ES065080-16, ZIA ES065078-17] NR 50 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0306-0225 BN 978-90-481-3470-0 J9 SUBCELL BIOCHEM JI Subcell. Biochem. PY 2010 VL 50 BP 211 EP 222 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3471-7_11 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-3471-7 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA BNH48 UT WOS:000274566100011 PM 20012584 ER PT J AU Appel, KW Roselle, SJ Gilliam, RC Pleim, JE AF Appel, K. W. Roselle, S. J. Gilliam, R. C. Pleim, J. E. TI Sensitivity of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model v4.7 results for the eastern United States to MM5 and WRF meteorological drivers SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; REAL-TIME ESTIMATION; LAND-SURFACE MODEL; RAIN-GAUGE DATA; PART I; DATA ASSIMILATION; MESOSCALE MODEL; VERSION 4.5; IMPACT AB This paper presents a comparison of the operational performances of two Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model v4.7 simulations that utilize input data from the 5th-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5) and the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) meteorological models. Two sets of CMAQ model simulations were performed for January and August 2006. One set utilized MM5 meteorology (MM5-CMAQ) and the other utilized WRF meteorology (WRF-CMAQ), while all other model inputs and options were kept the same. For January, predicted ozone (O-3) mixing ratios were higher in the Southeast and lower Mid-west regions in the WRF-CMAQ simulation, resulting in slightly higher bias and error as compared to the MM5-CMAQ simulations. The higher predicted O-3 mixing ratios are attributed to less dry deposition of O-3 in the WRF-CMAQ simulation due to differences in the calculation of the vegetation fraction between the MM5 and WRF models. The WRF-CMAQ results showed better performance for particulate sulfate (SO42-), similar performance for nitrate (NO3-), and slightly worse performance for nitric acid (HNO3), total carbon (TC) and total fine particulate (PM2.5) mass than the corresponding MM5-CMAQ results. For August, predictions of O-3 were notably higher in the WRF-CMAQ simulation, particularly in the southern United States, resulting in increased model bias. Concentrations of predicted particulate SO42- were lower in the region surrounding the Ohio Valley and higher along the Gulf of Mexico in the WRF-CMAQ simulation, contributing to poorer model performance. The primary causes of the differences in the MM5-CMAQ and WRF-CMAQ simulations appear to be due to differences in the calculation of wind speed, planetary boundary layer height, cloud cover and the friction velocity (u(*)) in the MM5 and WRF model simulations, while differences in the calculation of vegetation fraction and several other parameters result in smaller differences in the predicted CMAQ model concentrations. The performance for SO42-, NO3- and NH4+ wet deposition was similar for both simulations for January and August. C1 [Appel, K. W.; Roselle, S. J.; Gilliam, R. C.; Pleim, J. E.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Appel, KW (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM appel.wyat@epa.gov RI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017 OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 31 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 26 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2010 VL 3 IS 1 BP 169 EP 188 PG 20 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 703FW UT WOS:000285964800009 ER PT J AU Foley, KM Roselle, SJ Appel, KW Bhave, PV Pleim, JE Otte, TL Mathur, R Sarwar, G Young, JO Gilliam, RC Nolte, CG Kelly, JT Gilliland, AB Bash, JO AF Foley, K. M. Roselle, S. J. Appel, K. W. Bhave, P. V. Pleim, J. E. Otte, T. L. Mathur, R. Sarwar, G. Young, J. O. Gilliam, R. C. Nolte, C. G. Kelly, J. T. Gilliland, A. B. Bash, J. O. TI Incremental testing of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system version 4.7 SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; LAND-SURFACE MODEL; PART I; METEOROLOGICAL MODEL; SOUTHEASTERN US; BOUNDARY-LAYER; IMPACT AB This paper describes the scientific and structural updates to the latest release of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system version 4.7 (v4.7) and points the reader to additional resources for further details. The model updates were evaluated relative to observations and results from previous model versions in a series of simulations conducted to incrementally assess the effect of each change. The focus of this paper is on five major scientific upgrades: (a) updates to the heterogeneous N2O5 parameterization, (b) improvement in the treatment of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), (c) inclusion of dynamic mass transfer for coarse-mode aerosol, (d) revisions to the cloud model, and (e) new options for the calculation of photolysis rates. Incremental test simulations over the eastern United States during January and August 2006 are evaluated to assess the model response to each scientific improvement, providing explanations of differences in results between v4.7 and previously released CMAQ model versions. Particulate sulfate predictions are improved across all monitoring networks during both seasons due to cloud module updates. Numerous updates to the SOA module improve the simulation of seasonal variability and decrease the bias in organic carbon predictions at urban sites in the winter. Bias in the total mass of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is dominated by overpredictions of unspeciated PM2.5 (PMother) in the winter and by underpredictions of carbon in the summer. The CMAQv4.7 model results show slightly worse performance for ozone predictions. However, changes to the meteorological inputs are found to have a much greater impact on ozone predictions compared to changes to the CMAQ modules described here. Model updates had little effect on existing biases in wet deposition predictions. C1 [Foley, K. M.; Roselle, S. J.; Appel, K. W.; Bhave, P. V.; Pleim, J. E.; Otte, T. L.; Mathur, R.; Sarwar, G.; Young, J. O.; Gilliam, R. C.; Nolte, C. G.; Kelly, J. T.; Gilliland, A. B.; Bash, J. O.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Foley, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM foley.kristen@epa.gov RI Kelly, James/F-8135-2010; Nolte, Christopher/H-4345-2012; Bash, Jesse/E-9688-2013; Bhave, Prakash/L-1958-2013; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017; OI Kelly, James/0000-0001-6574-5714; Nolte, Christopher/0000-0001-5224-9965; Bhave, Prakash/0000-0002-2573-951X; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082; Spero, Tanya/0000-0002-1600-0422 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 72 TC 202 Z9 215 U1 3 U2 55 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X EI 1991-9603 J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2010 VL 3 IS 1 BP 205 EP 226 PG 22 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 703FW UT WOS:000285964800011 ER PT J AU Otte, TL Pleim, JE AF Otte, T. L. Pleim, J. E. TI The Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor (MCIP) for the CMAQ modeling system: updates through MCIPv3.4.1 SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; LAND-SURFACE MODEL; PART I; GOVERNING EQUATIONS; ETA-MODEL; GEM AB The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system, a state-of-the-science regional air quality modeling system developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency, is being used for a variety of environmental modeling problems including regulatory applications, air quality forecasting, evaluation of emissions control strategies, process-level research, and interactions of global climate change and regional air quality. The Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor (MCIP) is a vital piece of software within the CMAQ modeling system that serves to, as best as possible, maintain dynamic consistency between the meteorological model and the chemical transport model (CTM). MCIP acts as both a post-processor to the meteorological model and a pre-processor to the emissions and the CTM in the CMAQ modeling system. MCIP's functions are to ingest the meteorological model output fields in their native formats, perform horizontal and vertical coordinate transformations, diagnose additional atmospheric fields, define gridding parameters, and prepare the meteorological fields in a form required by the CMAQ modeling system. This paper provides an updated overview of MCIP, documenting the scientific changes that have been made since it was first released as part of the CMAQ modeling system in 1998. C1 [Otte, T. L.; Pleim, J. E.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Otte, TL (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM otte.tanya@epa.gov RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017; OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082; Spero, Tanya/0000-0002-1600-0422 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors are grateful for the contributions of colleagues within US EPA and in the CMAQ user community for helpful suggestions and improvements to MCIP over the past several years. Daewon Byun (NOAA Air Resources Laboratory) was the original developer of MCIP. Seung-Bum Kim (formerly at University of Houston) developed an initial linkage of the WRF model to CMAQ. Contributions from Donna Schwede and William Hutzell have enhanced the dry deposition velocity calculations. Carlie Coats (Baron Advanced Meteorological Systems, LLC) developed the I/O API that is currently used throughout the CMAQ modeling system. The staff of the Community Modeling and Analysis System (CMAS) Center at the University of North Carolina Institute for the Environment distributes the MCIP software to the CMAQ user community and maintains the public archive. Technical reviews of this manuscript were provided by Hsin-mu Lin, S. T. Rao, Kenneth Schere, and four anonymous reviewers. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 28 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 13 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2010 VL 3 IS 1 BP 243 EP 256 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 703FW UT WOS:000285964800013 ER PT J AU Kelly, JT Bhave, PV Nolte, CG Shankar, U Foley, KM AF Kelly, J. T. Bhave, P. V. Nolte, C. G. Shankar, U. Foley, K. M. TI Simulating emission and chemical evolution of coarse sea-salt particles in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; REGIONAL AEROSOLS; PERFORMANCE EVALUATION; AMMONIUM-NITRATE; NITRIC-ACID; HETEROGENEOUS CHEMISTRY; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; WATER ACTIVITIES; DRY DEPOSITION; UNITED-STATES AB Chemical processing of sea-salt particles in coastal environments significantly impacts concentrations of particle components and gas-phase species and has implications for human exposure to particulate matter and nitrogen deposition to sensitive ecosystems. Emission of sea-salt particles from the coastal surf zone is known to be elevated compared to that from the open ocean. Despite the importance of sea-salt emissions and chemical processing, the US EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model has traditionally treated coarse sea-salt particles as chemically inert and has not accounted for enhanced surf-zone emissions. In this article, updates to CMAQ are described that enhance sea-salt emissions from the coastal surf zone and allow dynamic transfer of HNO3, H2SO4, HCl, and NH3 between coarse particles and the gas phase. Predictions of updated CMAQ models and the previous release version, CMAQv4.6, are evaluated using observations from three coastal sites during the Bay Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (BRACE) in Tampa, FL in May 2002. Model updates improve predictions of NO3-, SO42-, NH4+, Na+, and Cl- concentrations at these sites with only a 8% increase in run time. In particular, the chemically interactive coarse particle mode dramatically improves predictions of nitrate concentration and size distributions as well as the fraction of total nitrate in the particle phase. Also, the surf-zone emission parameterization improves predictions of total sodium and chloride concentration. Results of a separate study indicate that the model updates reduce the mean absolute error of nitrate predictions at coastal CASTNET and SEARCH sites in the eastern US. Although the new model features improve performance relative to CMAQv4.6, some persistent differences exist between observations and predictions. Modeled sodium concentration is biased low and causes under-prediction of coarse particle nitrate. Also, CMAQ over-predicts geometric mean diameter and standard deviation of particle modes at the BRACE sites. These over-predictions may cause too rapid particle dry deposition and partially explain the low bias in sodium predictions. Despite these shortcomings, the updates to CMAQ enable more realistic simulations of chemical processes in environments where marine air mixes with urban pollution. The model updates described in this article are included in the public release of CMAQv4.7 (< a href='http://www.cmaq-model.org' target='_blank'> http://www.cmaq-model.org ). C1 [Kelly, J. T.; Bhave, P. V.; Nolte, C. G.; Foley, K. M.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Shankar, U.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Kelly, JT (reprint author), Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Air Resources Board, Planning & Tech Support Div, Sacramento, CA USA. EM jkelly@arb.ca.gov RI Kelly, James/F-8135-2010; Nolte, Christopher/H-4345-2012; Bhave, Prakash/L-1958-2013 OI Kelly, James/0000-0001-6574-5714; Nolte, Christopher/0000-0001-5224-9965; Bhave, Prakash/0000-0002-2573-951X FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 83 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 8 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X EI 1991-9603 J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2010 VL 3 IS 1 BP 257 EP 273 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 703FW UT WOS:000285964800014 ER PT J AU Kang, D Mathur, R Rao, ST AF Kang, D. Mathur, R. Rao, S. Trivikrama TI Assessment of bias-adjusted PM2.5 air quality forecasts over the continental United States during 2007 SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM; PARTICULATE MATTER; ETA-MODEL; PERFORMANCE; OZONE AB To develop fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air quality forecasts for the US, a National Air Quality Forecast Capability (NAQFC) system, which linked NOAA's North American Mesoscale (NAM) meteorological model with EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model, was deployed in the developmental mode over the continental United States during 2007. This study investigates the operational use of a bias-adjustment technique called the Kalman Filter Predictor approach for improving the accuracy of the PM2.5 forecasts at monitoring locations. The Kalman Filter Predictor bias-adjustment technique is a recursive algorithm designed to optimally estimate bias-adjustment terms using the information extracted from previous measurements and forecasts. The bias-adjustment technique is found to improve PM2.5 forecasts (i.e. reduced errors and increased correlation coefficients) for the entire year at almost all locations. The NAQFC tends to overestimate PM2.5 during the cool season and underestimate during the warm season in the eastern part of the continental US domain, but the opposite is true for the Pacific Coast. In the Rocky Mountain region, the NAQFC system overestimates PM2.5 for the whole year. The bias-adjusted forecasts can quickly (after 2-3 days' lag) adjust to reflect the transition from one regime to the other. The modest computational requirements and systematic improvements in forecast outputs across all seasons suggest that this technique can be easily adapted to perform bias adjustment for real-time PM2.5 air quality forecasts. C1 [Kang, D.] Comp Sci Corp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Mathur, R.; Rao, S. Trivikrama] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kang, D (reprint author), Comp Sci Corp, 79 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kang.daiwen@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors are grateful to Brian Eder for his constructive and insightful comments on initial drafts of this manuscript. We thank Drs. Luca Delle Monache and Roland B. Stull for providing their original Kalman filter codes. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X EI 1991-9603 J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2010 VL 3 IS 1 BP 309 EP 320 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 703FW UT WOS:000285964800017 ER PT J AU Nadagouda, MN Castle, AB Murdock, RC Hussain, SM Varma, RS AF Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. Castle, Alicia B. Murdock, Richard C. Hussain, Saber M. Varma, Rajender S. TI In vitro biocompatibility of nanoscale zerovalent iron particles (NZVI) synthesized using tea polyphenols SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; TCE DECHLORINATION; GREEN SYNTHESIS; H-2 EVOLUTION; IMMOBILIZATION; NANOCOMPOSITES; REACTIVITY; REDUCTION; REMOVAL AB A "green" protocol was used for the rapid generation of nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) particles using tea polyphenols. The NZVI particles were subsequently examined for in vitro biocompatibility using the human keratinocyte cell (HaCaT) line as a representative skin exposure model. The cells were exposed to NZVI for time periods of 24 and 48 h. Biocompatibility was assessed using the methyl tetrazolium, or MTS, (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium)) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays to determine in vitro cytotoxicity. The evaluation of mitochondrial function (MTS) and membrane integrity (LDH) in human keratinocytes showed that these "green" synthesized NZVI particles were nontoxic in the human keratinocytes exposed when compared with control samples synthesized using a borohydride protocol. In fact, in most cases, these "green" nanoparticles induced a prolific response in the cellular function even at the highest concentration (100 mu g ml(-1)). C1 [Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Castle, Alicia B.; Murdock, Richard C.; Hussain, Saber M.] USAF, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W MLK Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@epa.gov NR 29 TC 83 Z9 87 U1 7 U2 82 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2010 VL 12 IS 1 BP 114 EP 122 DI 10.1039/b921203p PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 543KM UT WOS:000273576000018 ER PT J AU Polshettiwar, V Varma, RS AF Polshettiwar, Vivek Varma, Rajender S. TI Green chemistry by nano-catalysis SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID SURFACE ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; ENCAPSULATED NANOPARTICLE PRECURSORS; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; SUPPORTED GOLD CATALYSTS; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS; AQUEOUS-MEDIUM; MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS; METAL NANOPARTICLES AB Nano-materials are important in many diverse areas, from basic research to various applications in electronics, biochemical sensors, catalysis and energy. They have emerged as sustainable alternatives to conventional materials, as robust high surface area heterogeneous catalysts and catalyst supports. The nano-sized particles increase the exposed surface area of the active component of the catalyst, thereby enhancing the contact between reactants and catalyst dramatically and mimicking the homogeneous catalysts. This review focuses on the use of nano-catalysis for green chemistry development including the strategy of using microwave heating with nano-catalysis in benign aqueous reaction media which offers an extraordinary synergistic effect with greater potential than these three components in isolation. To illustrate the proof-of-concept of this "green and sustainable" approach, representative examples are discussed in this article. C1 [Polshettiwar, Vivek] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, KCC, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Polshettiwar, V (reprint author), King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, KCC, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia. EM vivek.pol@kaust.edu.sa; varma.rajender@epa.gov RI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/D-3159-2012 OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668 FU National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX Authors thank their associates, especially Dr.'s M. N. Nadagouda and B. Baruwati, among others, for their valuable contributions to our research program on Green Nano-materials. VP was supported, in part, by the Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. EPA. NR 106 TC 418 Z9 422 U1 47 U2 436 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2010 VL 12 IS 5 BP 743 EP 754 DI 10.1039/b921171c PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 594UD UT WOS:000277563500001 ER PT B AU Iyer, P Makris, S AF Iyer, Poorni Makris, Susan BE Krieger, R TI Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology of Pesticides SO HAYES' HANDBOOK OF PESTICIDE TOXICOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR DENSITY; SPERM SHAPE ABNORMALITIES; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; RED-RIVER VALLEY; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; METHYL PARATHION; FETAL DEVELOPMENT; BIRTH-DEFECTS; INHALATION EXPOSURE; EARLY-PREGNANCY C1 [Iyer, Poorni] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Off Environm Hlth Hazard Asessment, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Makris, Susan] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Iyer, P (reprint author), Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Off Environm Hlth Hazard Asessment, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. NR 456 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092201-0; 978-0-12-374367-1 PY 2010 BP 381 EP 440 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00012-4 PG 60 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BCS50 UT WOS:000311281800015 ER PT B AU Stoker, TE Kavlock, RJ AF Stoker, Tammy E. Kavlock, Robert J. BE Krieger, R TI Pesticides as Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals SO HAYES' HANDBOOK OF PESTICIDE TOXICOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ALTERS SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; QUAIL COLINUS-VIRGINIANUS; INDUCED OVULATORY DELAY; FOLLICULAR CELL TUMORS; AFRICAN CLAWED FROGS; MALE WISTAR RATS; IN-VITRO; FEMALE RAT; 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID; FUNGICIDE PROCHLORAZ C1 [Stoker, Tammy E.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kavlock, Robert J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Stoker, TE (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 134 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092201-0; 978-0-12-374367-1 PY 2010 BP 551 EP 569 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00018-5 PG 19 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BCS50 UT WOS:000311281800021 ER PT J AU Sheldon, LS AF Sheldon, Linda S. BE Krieger, R TI Exposure Framework SO HAYES' HANDBOOK OF PESTICIDE TOXICOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Sheldon, LS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092201-0 PY 2010 BP 971 EP 976 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00042-2 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BCS50 UT WOS:000311281800045 ER PT B AU Fortmann, R Tulve, NS Clifton, MS AF Fortmann, Roy Tulve, Nicolle S. Clifton, M. Scott BE Krieger, R TI Sampling and Analysis for Nonoccupational Pesticide Exposure Assessments SO HAYES' HANDBOOK OF PESTICIDE TOXICOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; POTENTIAL DERMAL TRANSFER; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; NATIONAL CHILDRENS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; RESIDUE ANALYSIS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; URINE SAMPLES C1 [Fortmann, Roy; Tulve, Nicolle S.; Clifton, M. Scott] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Fortmann, R (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092201-0; 978-0-12-374367-1 PY 2010 BP 977 EP 994 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00043-4 PG 18 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BCS50 UT WOS:000311281800046 ER PT J AU Vallero, D Isukapalli, S Zartarian, V McCurdy, T McKone, T Georgopoulos, P Dary, C AF Vallero, Daniel Isukapalli, Sastry Zartarian, Valerie McCurdy, Thomas McKone, Tom Georgopoulos, Panos Dary, Curt BE Krieger, R TI Modeling and Predicting Pesticide Exposures SO HAYES' HANDBOOK OF PESTICIDE TOXICOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CHILDRENS RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURE; LABELED WATER MEASUREMENTS; ASSESSMENT SURVEY NHEXAS; RESPONSE-SURFACE METHOD; DAILY INHALATION RATES; ARSENIC EXPOSURE; DOSE ASSESSMENT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS; BIOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS C1 [Vallero, Daniel; Zartarian, Valerie; McCurdy, Thomas; Dary, Curt] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dary, Curt] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Isukapalli, Sastry; Georgopoulos, Panos] Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ USA. [McKone, Tom] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Vallero, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 119 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092201-0 PY 2010 BP 995 EP 1020 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00044-6 PG 26 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BCS50 UT WOS:000311281800047 ER PT B AU Sobus, JR Morgan, MK Pleil, JD Barr, DB AF Sobus, Jon R. Morgan, Marsha K. Pleil, Joachim D. Barr, Dana B. BE Krieger, R TI Biomonitoring: Uses and Considerations for Assessing Nonoccupational Human Exposure to Pesticides SO HAYES' HANDBOOK OF PESTICIDE TOXICOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID 1998 GERES-III; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; INSECTICIDE CHLORPYRIFOS; EVERYDAY ENVIRONMENTS; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; NATIONAL CHILDRENS; GERMAN POPULATION; YOUNG-CHILDREN C1 [Sobus, Jon R.; Morgan, Marsha K.; Pleil, Joachim D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Barr, Dana B.] US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Sobus, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092201-0; 978-0-12-374367-1 PY 2010 BP 1021 EP 1036 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00045-8 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BCS50 UT WOS:000311281800048 ER PT J AU Driver, JH Ross, JH Pandian, MD Evans, JB Whitmyre, GK AF Driver, Jeffrey H. Ross, John H. Pandian, Muhilan D. Evans, Jeffrey B. Whitmyre, Gary K. BE Krieger, R TI Residential Exposure Assessment: An Overview SO HAYES' HANDBOOK OF PESTICIDE TOXICOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; INDOOR-OUTDOOR RELATIONSHIPS; POTENTIAL DERMAL TRANSFER; PERSONAL EXPOSURES; NEW-JERSEY; DRINKING-WATER; CONSUMER PRODUCTS; INTERIM-REPORT; BREATH LEVELS; FOGGER USE C1 [Driver, Jeffrey H.; Pandian, Muhilan D.] Infosci Com, Arlington, VA 22201 USA. [Driver, Jeffrey H.; Pandian, Muhilan D.] Risksci Net LLC, Arlington, VA 22201 USA. [Ross, John H.] Infosci Com, Carmichael, CA 95608 USA. [Ross, John H.] Risksci Net, Carmichael, CA 95608 USA. [Evans, Jeffrey B.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Driver, JH (reprint author), Infosci Com, Arlington, VA 22201 USA. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092201-0 PY 2010 BP 1091 EP 1098 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00049-5 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BCS50 UT WOS:000311281800052 ER PT J AU Lunchick, C Evans, J Iyengar, S Selman, F Wicke, H AF Lunchick, Curt Evans, Jeff Iyengar, Seshadri Selman, Frank Wicke, Heinrich BE Krieger, R TI Operator and Field Worker Occupational Exposure Databases and Modeling SO HAYES' HANDBOOK OF PESTICIDE TOXICOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PESTICIDE EXPOSURE C1 [Lunchick, Curt] Bayer CropSci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Evans, Jeff] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Iyengar, Seshadri; Wicke, Heinrich] Bayer CropSci, D-40789 Monheim, Germany. [Selman, Frank] Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. RP Lunchick, C (reprint author), Bayer CropSci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092201-0 PY 2010 BP 1139 EP 1155 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00053-7 PG 17 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BCS50 UT WOS:000311281800056 ER PT J AU Zhang, XF Knaak, JB Tornero-Velez, R Blancato, JN Dary, CC AF Zhang, Xiaofei Knaak, James B. Tornero-Velez, Rogelio Blancato, Jerry N. Dary, Curtis C. BE Krieger, R TI Application of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling in Cumulative Risk Assessment for N-Methyl Carbamate Insecticides SO HAYES' HANDBOOK OF PESTICIDE TOXICOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID STRUCTURE-BASED PREDICTION; PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION; PBPK/PD MODELS; EXPOSURE; CHLORPYRIFOS; CARBOFURAN; ALGORITHM C1 [Zhang, Xiaofei] Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Henderson, NV 89052 USA. [Knaak, James B.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Tornero-Velez, Rogelio; Blancato, Jerry N.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dary, Curtis C.] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. RP Zhang, XF (reprint author), Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Henderson, NV 89052 USA. OI Blancato, Jerry/0000-0002-7023-5767 NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092201-0 PY 2010 BP 1591 EP 1605 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00073-2 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BCS50 UT WOS:000311281800076 ER PT J AU Rockman, M AF Rockman, Marcy TI New World with a New Sky: Climatic Variability, Environmental Expectations, and the Historical Period Colonization of Eastern North America SO HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CUMULATIVE DEVIATIONS; HUMAN-ECOLOGY; SETTLEMENT; ICELAND; DEGRADATION; LANDSCAPES; TRADITIONS; JAMESTOWN AB Colonists arriving in eastem North America at the start of the historical period faced not only new topographies and new plant and animal communities, but also new climatic regimes. The transition from the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age several centuries earlier presented Viking settlers in the North Atlantic region with the task of learning that their new environments were more fragile and changed more rapidly than the familiar forms of those environments suggested at the outset of colonization. North American colonists arriving from England expected different environments, but also expected them to vary consistently according to latitude. Examination of these two examples of colonization using the landscape learning model, particularly the concept of limitational knowledge, shows clear time gaps between practical and archaeologically identifiable adjustments to local climatic conditions and updating of the wider social understanding of the regional environments. C1 US EPA, Amer Assoc Advancement Sci, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Rockman, M (reprint author), US EPA, Amer Assoc Advancement Sci, MC 8801R,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 67 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOC HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY PI ROCKVILLE PA 15245 SHADY GROVE RD, STE 130, ROCKVILLE, MD 20850 USA SN 0440-9213 J9 HIST ARCHAEOL JI Hist. Archaeol. PY 2010 VL 44 IS 3 BP 4 EP 20 PG 17 WC Archaeology SC Archaeology GA 716GS UT WOS:000286957700003 ER PT J AU Suter, G Cormier, S AF Suter, Glenn Cormier, Susan TI When is a Formal Assessment Process Worthwhile? SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Suter, Glenn; Cormier, Susan] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Suter, G (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM suter.glenn@epa.gov NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1080/10807030903459551 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 562NO UT WOS:000275058800001 ER PT J AU Suter, GW Norton, SB Cormier, SM AF Suter, Glenn W., II Norton, Susan B. Cormier, Susan M. TI The Science and Philosophy of a Method for Assessing Environmental Causes SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE causation; weight of evidence; CADDIS; stressor identification; cause ID INFERENCE; ASSESSMENTS AB When all environmental impairment has been identified, It becomes necessary to identify), the cause So that an appropriate action can be planned. However, causal is difficult to establish-both conceptually and in practice. To ensure that the U.S Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) method for causal assessment is appropriate and defensible, we reviewed concepts of causation from philosophers, statisticians, epidemiologists, and others. This article summarizes the results of that review and explains how it relates to the USEPA's method. We include a five-step process: (1) identify alternative candidate causes; (2) logically eliminate when possible (3) diagnose when possible, (4) analyze the strength of evidence for remaining candidate causes; and (5) identify the most likely cause. We also encourage three practices. (1) use a consistent process; (2) do not claim proof of causation; and (3) document the evidence and inferences. This approach allows assessors to identify the most likely cause or, failing that, to reduce the set of possible causes and identify information needs for another iteration of causal assessment. C1 [Suter, Glenn W., II; Cormier, Susan M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Norton, Susan B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Arlington, VA USA. RP Suter, GW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS A110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. FU U.S Environmental Protection Agency FX This article benefited from comments by Michael Wright and three anaonymous revieweers. The work was supported by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency. NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 19 EP 34 DI 10.1080/10807030903459254 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 562NO UT WOS:000275058800004 ER PT J AU Cormier, SM Suter, GW Norton, SB AF Cormier, Susan M. Suter, Glenn W., II Norton, Susan B. TI Causal Characteristics for Ecoepidemiology SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE causation; epidemiology; environmental evidence; environmental assessment; Hill's criteria; weight of evidence; causal analysis ID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT; INFERENCE AB We suggest that there are six fundamental characteristics of causation: time order, co-occurence, preceding causation, sufficiency, interaction and alteration. The cause precedes the effect (time order). The cause co-occurs with the unaffected entity in space and time (co-occurrence). Causes and their effects are the result of a web of causation (preceding causation). The intensity, frequency, and duration of the cause are adequate and the susceptable entity can exhibit the type and magnitude of the effect (sufficiency). The cause effectively interacts with the entity in a way that induces the effect (interaction). And, the entity is changed by the interactions with the cause (alteration). In contrast to Hill's criteria, the causal characteristics are distinct from the (1) evidence that is used to document causal characteristcs, (2) sources of information used to develop the evidence, and (3) qualities used to evaluate evidence of causal characteristics and body of evidence for the causal relationship. Evidence of causal characteristics can form the basis for assessments of epidemiological studies and can structure an explanatory narrative that is causally relevant and substantive. Six core characteristics amy be easier to organize, evaluate. communicate, and for decision-makers to assimilate, remember, and inspire action. C1 [Cormier, Susan M.; Suter, Glenn W., II] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Norton, Susan B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Arlington, VA USA. RP Cormier, SM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS A110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 53 EP 73 DI 10.1080/10807030903459320 PG 21 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 562NO UT WOS:000275058800006 ER PT J AU Wiseman, CD LeMoine, M Cormier, S AF Wiseman, C. D. LeMoine, M. Cormier, S. TI Assessment of Probable Causes of Reduced Aquatic Life in the Touchet River, Washington, USA SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE causal assessment; weight of evidence; stressor identification; benthic invertebrates; salmon; temperature; sediment ID AMMONIA EXCRETION; RAINBOW-TROUT; STREAMS; PH AB The Touchet River in eastern Washington State is the site of the first causal assessment in the arid Northwest for salmonids using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA'S). Stressor Identification process Seven candidate causes that affect salmonid density and macroinvertebrate abundance and diversity were considered: toxics, warm water temperature, sedimentation, low dissolved oxygen, alkaline pH, reduced detritus, and reduced habitat complexity. Candidate causes were evaluated using several types of evidence of preceding causation, co-occurence, sufficiency, and alteration along with evaluation of the consistency of the body of evidence was weighed based on credibility, strength, diversity and coherence. Warm water temperature and sedimentation were hightly probable causes of altered biological condition Low dissolved oxygen and alkaline pH were also a problem for some areas but were less severe thatn temperature and sediment. Water removal and reduced habitat complexity and canopy cover were not directly causal but could affect sedimentation and temperature. This case study is noteoworthy for using assemblage symptomology associated with temperature, sediment, and detritus as a type of evidence and for physiographically matching reference sites for comparisons and evaluation of a natural and cumulative anthropogenic stressor gradients in the absence of state biological criteria. C1 [Wiseman, C. D.] HDR Inc, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. [LeMoine, M.] Western Washington Univ, Huxley Coll Environm, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Cormier, S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Wiseman, CD (reprint author), HDR Inc, 626 Columbia St,Suite 2A, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. NR 56 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 87 EP 115 DI 10.1080/10807030903459429 PG 29 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 562NO UT WOS:000275058800008 ER PT J AU Haake, DM Wilton, T Krier, K Stewart, AJ Cormier, SM AF Haake, Danelle M. Wilton, Tom Krier, Ken Stewart, Arthur J. Cormier, Susan M. TI Causal Assessment of Biological Impairment in the Little Floyd River, Iowa, USA SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE causal characteristics; types of evidence; biological impairment; agriculture; stressor identification; causation ID SCIOTO RIVER; OHIO AB An assessment of biological impairment in the Little Floyd River (Iowa, USA) was based oil evidence of three characteristics of causation: co-occurrence,preceding, and sufficiency. Evidence of the physical interaction of the probable causes and the biota, resulting alterations to the biota, as well as the time order of the cause and the effect were consistent. within the assessment, but the evidence For these causal characteristics did not discriminate among probable causes or other causes. Deposited sediment, low-dissolved oxygen, heat. stress, and ammonia toxicity are the probable causes of imapaired biological condition ill the Little Floyd River compared with other rivers in the ecoregion. Less likely causes are suspended sediment, altered basal food resources, and flow alteration. Very unlikely causes are PH shifts, total dissolved solids, Cyprinus carpino (an invasive species), metal toxicity, all([ pesticides. Data were insufficient to assess salinity or other toxicants. The assessment was Used to develop a recovery plan for the stream. This assessment demonstrates that, even when there are many candidate causes and uncertainties are substantial, the probable causes of biological impairments can be determined with enough certainty to inform decision-making to address environmental problems. C1 [Haake, Danelle M.] Litzsinger Rd Ecol Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Wilton, Tom; Krier, Ken] Iowa Dept Nat Resources, Water Monitoring & Assessment Sect, Des Moines, IA USA. [Stewart, Arthur J.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Cormier, Susan M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Haake, DM (reprint author), Litzsinger Rd Ecol Ctr, 9711 Litzsinger Rd, Ladue, MO 63124 USA. OI stewart, arthur/0000-0003-1968-5997 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 116 EP 148 DI 10.1080/10807030903459544 PG 33 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 562NO UT WOS:000275058800009 ER PT J AU Suter, GW Maciorowski, AF AF Suter, Glenn W., II Maciorowski, Anthony F. TI The Future of Ecological Assessment at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID RISK-ASSESSMENT C1 [Suter, Glenn W., II] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Maciorowski, Anthony F.] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Staff Off, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Suter, GW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM suter.glenn@epa.gov; maciorowski.anthony@epa.gov NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PY 2010 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1221 EP 1226 AR PII 931263577 DI 10.1080/10807039.2010.526461 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 695BR UT WOS:000285346100003 ER PT J AU Conerly, O Ohanian, EV AF Conerly, Octavia Ohanian, Edward V. TI Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Regulatory Challenges Ahead SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Conerly, Octavia; Ohanian, Edward V.] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Conerly, O (reprint author), US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM conerly.octavia@epa.gov; ohanian.edward@epa.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PY 2010 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1234 EP 1241 AR PII 931262833 DI 10.1080/10807039.2010.526474 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 695BR UT WOS:000285346100005 ER PT S AU Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D AF Dale, Virginia H. Kling, Catherine L. Meyer, Judith L. Sanders, James Stallworth, Holly Armitage, Thomas Wangsness, David Bianchi, Thomas Blumberg, Alan Boynton, Walter Conley, Daniel J. Crumpton, William David, Mark Gilbert, Denis Howarth, Robert W. Lowrance, Richard Mankin, Kyle Opaluch, James Paerl, Hans Reckhow, Kenneth Sharpley, Andrew N. Simpson, Thomas W. Snyder, Clifford S. Wright, Donelson BA Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D BF Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D TI Hypoxia in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Introduction SO HYPOXIA IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO SE Springer Series on Environmental Management LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER PLUME; LOUISIANA CONTINENTAL-SHELF; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; CORN-SOYBEAN ROTATION; MULTISPECIES RIPARIAN BUFFERS; RATE PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION; CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM; SITE-SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES; COASTAL MARINE ECOSYSTEMS C1 [Kling, Catherine L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Meyer, Judith L.] Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sanders, James] Skidaway Inst Oceanog, Savannah, GA 31411 USA. [Stallworth, Holly; Armitage, Thomas] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Staff Off, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wangsness, David] US Geol Survey, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bianchi, Thomas] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Blumberg, Alan] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Biomed & Mat Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Boynton, Walter] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Conley, Daniel J.] Lund Univ, Dept Geol, GeoBiosphere Sci Ctr, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Crumpton, William] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol EEOB, Environm Programs, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [David, Mark] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gilbert, Denis] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Maurice Lamontagne Inst, Dept Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Ocean & Environm Sci Branch, Mont Joli, PQ G5H 3Z4, Canada. [Howarth, Robert W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lowrance, Richard] ARS, USDA, Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Mankin, Kyle] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Opaluch, James] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Environm & Nat Resource Econ, Coll Environm & Life Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Paerl, Hans] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Reckhow, Kenneth] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Sharpley, Andrew N.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Simpson, Thomas W.] Univ Maryland, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Chesapeake Bay Programs, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Snyder, Clifford S.] Int Plant Nutr Inst, Nitrogen Program, Conway, AR 72033 USA. [Wright, Donelson] Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. NR 644 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0172-6161 BN 978-0-387-89685-4 J9 SPRINGER SER ENV MAN JI Springer Ser. Environ. Manag. PY 2010 BP 1 EP + DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89686-1_1 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89686-1 PG 45 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BOE94 UT WOS:000276403900001 ER PT S AU Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D AF Dale, Virginia H. Kling, Catherine L. Meyer, Judith L. Sanders, James Stallworth, Holly Armitage, Thomas Wangsness, David Bianchi, Thomas Blumberg, Alan Boynton, Walter Conley, Daniel J. Crumpton, William David, Mark Gilbert, Denis Howarth, Robert W. Lowrance, Richard Mankin, Kyle Opaluch, James Paerl, Hans Reckhow, Kenneth Sharpley, Andrew N. Simpson, Thomas W. Snyder, Clifford S. Wright, Donelson BA Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D BF Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D TI Characterization of Hypoxia SO HYPOXIA IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO SE Springer Series on Environmental Management LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Kling, Catherine L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Meyer, Judith L.] Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sanders, James] Skidaway Inst Oceanog, Savannah, GA 31411 USA. [Stallworth, Holly; Armitage, Thomas] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Staff Off, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wangsness, David] US Geol Survey, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bianchi, Thomas] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Blumberg, Alan] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Biomed & Mat Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Boynton, Walter] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Conley, Daniel J.] Lund Univ, Dept Geol, GeoBiosphere Sci Ctr, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Crumpton, William] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol EEOB, Environm Programs, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [David, Mark] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gilbert, Denis] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Maurice Lamontagne Inst, Dept Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Ocean & Environm Sci Branch, Mont Joli, PQ G5H 3Z4, Canada. [Howarth, Robert W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lowrance, Richard] ARS, USDA, Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Mankin, Kyle] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Opaluch, James] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Environm & Nat Resource Econ, Coll Environm & Life Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Paerl, Hans] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Reckhow, Kenneth] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Sharpley, Andrew N.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Simpson, Thomas W.] Univ Maryland, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Chesapeake Bay Programs, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Snyder, Clifford S.] Int Plant Nutr Inst, Nitrogen Program, Conway, AR 72033 USA. [Wright, Donelson] Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. OI Kling, Catherine L/0000-0002-4785-7154 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0172-6161 BN 978-0-387-89685-4 J9 SPRINGER SER ENV MAN JI Springer Ser. Environ. Manag. PY 2010 BP 9 EP 50 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89686-1_2 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89686-1 PG 42 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BOE94 UT WOS:000276403900002 ER PT S AU Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D AF Dale, Virginia H. Kling, Catherine L. Meyer, Judith L. Sanders, James Stallworth, Holly Armitage, Thomas Wangsness, David Bianchi, Thomas Blumberg, Alan Boynton, Walter Conley, Daniel J. Crumpton, William David, Mark Gilbert, Denis Howarth, Robert W. Lowrance, Richard Mankin, Kyle Opaluch, James Paerl, Hans Reckhow, Kenneth Sharpley, Andrew N. Simpson, Thomas W. Snyder, Clifford S. Wright, Donelson BA Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D BF Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D TI Nutrient Fate, Transport, and Sources SO HYPOXIA IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO SE Springer Series on Environmental Management LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Kling, Catherine L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Meyer, Judith L.] Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sanders, James] Skidaway Inst Oceanog, Savannah, GA 31411 USA. [Stallworth, Holly; Armitage, Thomas] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Staff Off, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wangsness, David] US Geol Survey, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bianchi, Thomas] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Blumberg, Alan] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Biomed & Mat Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Boynton, Walter] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Conley, Daniel J.] Lund Univ, Dept Geol, GeoBiosphere Sci Ctr, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Crumpton, William] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol EEOB, Environm Programs, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [David, Mark] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gilbert, Denis] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Maurice Lamontagne Inst, Dept Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Ocean & Environm Sci Branch, Mont Joli, PQ G5H 3Z4, Canada. [Howarth, Robert W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lowrance, Richard] ARS, USDA, Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Mankin, Kyle] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Opaluch, James] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Environm & Nat Resource Econ, Coll Environm & Life Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Paerl, Hans] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Reckhow, Kenneth] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Sharpley, Andrew N.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Simpson, Thomas W.] Univ Maryland, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Chesapeake Bay Programs, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Snyder, Clifford S.] Int Plant Nutr Inst, Nitrogen Program, Conway, AR 72033 USA. [Wright, Donelson] Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. OI Kling, Catherine L/0000-0002-4785-7154 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0172-6161 BN 978-0-387-89685-4 J9 SPRINGER SER ENV MAN JI Springer Ser. Environ. Manag. PY 2010 BP 51 EP 109 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89686-1_3 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89686-1 PG 59 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BOE94 UT WOS:000276403900003 ER PT S AU Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D AF Dale, Virginia H. Kling, Catherine L. Meyer, Judith L. Sanders, James Stallworth, Holly Armitage, Thomas Wangsness, David Bianchi, Thomas Blumberg, Alan Boynton, Walter Conley, Daniel J. Crumpton, William David, Mark Gilbert, Denis Howarth, Robert W. Lowrance, Richard Mankin, Kyle Opaluch, James Paerl, Hans Reckhow, Kenneth Sharpley, Andrew N. Simpson, Thomas W. Snyder, Clifford S. Wright, Donelson BA Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D BF Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D TI Scientific Basis for Goals and Management Options SO HYPOXIA IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO SE Springer Series on Environmental Management LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Kling, Catherine L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Meyer, Judith L.] Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sanders, James] Skidaway Inst Oceanog, Savannah, GA 31411 USA. [Stallworth, Holly; Armitage, Thomas] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Staff Off, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wangsness, David] US Geol Survey, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bianchi, Thomas] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Blumberg, Alan] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Biomed & Mat Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Boynton, Walter] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Conley, Daniel J.] Lund Univ, Dept Geol, GeoBiosphere Sci Ctr, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Crumpton, William] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol EEOB, Environm Programs, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [David, Mark] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gilbert, Denis] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Maurice Lamontagne Inst, Dept Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Ocean & Environm Sci Branch, Mont Joli, PQ G5H 3Z4, Canada. [Howarth, Robert W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lowrance, Richard] ARS, USDA, Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Mankin, Kyle] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Opaluch, James] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Environm & Nat Resource Econ, Coll Environm & Life Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Paerl, Hans] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Reckhow, Kenneth] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Sharpley, Andrew N.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Simpson, Thomas W.] Univ Maryland, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Chesapeake Bay Programs, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Snyder, Clifford S.] Int Plant Nutr Inst, Nitrogen Program, Conway, AR 72033 USA. [Wright, Donelson] Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. OI Kling, Catherine L/0000-0002-4785-7154 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0172-6161 BN 978-0-387-89685-4 J9 SPRINGER SER ENV MAN JI Springer Ser. Environ. Manag. PY 2010 BP 111 EP 204 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89686-1_4 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89686-1 PG 94 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BOE94 UT WOS:000276403900004 ER PT S AU Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D AF Dale, Virginia H. Kling, Catherine L. Meyer, Judith L. Sanders, James Stallworth, Holly Armitage, Thomas Wangsness, David Bianchi, Thomas Blumberg, Alan Boynton, Walter Conley, Daniel J. Crumpton, William David, Mark Gilbert, Denis Howarth, Robert W. Lowrance, Richard Mankin, Kyle Opaluch, James Paerl, Hans Reckhow, Kenneth Sharpley, Andrew N. Simpson, Thomas W. Snyder, Clifford S. Wright, Donelson BA Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D BF Dale, VH Kling, CL Meyer, JL Sanders, J Stallworth, H Armitage, T Wangsness, D Bianchi, T Blumberg, A Boynton, W Conley, DJ Crumpton, W David, M Gilbert, D Howarth, RW Lowrance, R Mankin, K Opaluch, J Paerl, H Reckhow, K Sharpley, AN Simpson, TW Snyder, CS Wright, D TI Summary of Findings and Recommendations SO HYPOXIA IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO SE Springer Series on Environmental Management LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Kling, Catherine L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Econ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Meyer, Judith L.] Univ Georgia, Inst Ecol, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sanders, James] Skidaway Inst Oceanog, Savannah, GA 31411 USA. [Stallworth, Holly; Armitage, Thomas] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Staff Off, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wangsness, David] US Geol Survey, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bianchi, Thomas] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Blumberg, Alan] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Biomed & Mat Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Boynton, Walter] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Conley, Daniel J.] Lund Univ, Dept Geol, GeoBiosphere Sci Ctr, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Crumpton, William] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol EEOB, Environm Programs, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [David, Mark] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gilbert, Denis] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Maurice Lamontagne Inst, Dept Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Ocean & Environm Sci Branch, Mont Joli, PQ G5H 3Z4, Canada. [Howarth, Robert W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lowrance, Richard] ARS, USDA, Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Mankin, Kyle] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Opaluch, James] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Environm & Nat Resource Econ, Coll Environm & Life Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Paerl, Hans] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Reckhow, Kenneth] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Sharpley, Andrew N.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Simpson, Thomas W.] Univ Maryland, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Chesapeake Bay Programs, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Snyder, Clifford S.] Int Plant Nutr Inst, Nitrogen Program, Conway, AR 72033 USA. [Wright, Donelson] Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. OI Kling, Catherine L/0000-0002-4785-7154 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0172-6161 BN 978-0-387-89685-4 J9 SPRINGER SER ENV MAN JI Springer Ser. Environ. Manag. PY 2010 BP 205 EP 213 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89686-1_5 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-89686-1 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BOE94 UT WOS:000276403900005 ER PT S AU Alahmad, M Nader, W Neal, J Shi, J Berryman, C Cho, Y Lau, SK Li, H Schwer, A Shen, ZG Stansbury, J Zhang, T AF Alahmad, Mahmoud Nader, Wisam Neal, Jill Shi, Jonathan Berryman, Chuck Cho, Y. Lau, Siu-Kit Li, H. Schwer, Avery Shen, Zhigang Stansbury, John Zhang, Tian GP IEEE TI Real Time Power Monitoring & Integration with BIM SO IECON 2010 - 36TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY SE IEEE Industrial Electronics Society LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society (IECON)/4th IEEE International Conference on E-Learning in Industrial Electronics/IES Industry Forum CY NOV 07-10, 2010 CL Glendale, AZ SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers (IEEE), IEEE Ind Elect Soc, New Jersey Sci & Technol Univ, New Jersey Inst Technol (NJIT), N Carolina State Univ (NCSU), Soc Instrument & Control Engineers (SICE), Auburn Univ, Intel, Altera, IEEE Phoenix Sect DE Monitoring; Real-time; BIM; Energy Consumption AB A Real Time Power Monitoring (RTPM) System is proposed in which end-use detailed energy consumption data is provided for each load level. The data will be integrated with a BIM (Building Information Modeling) Model to create a Real-time on-line electronic BIM Model. This paper describes the RTPM system and the process leading to its creation. The basic components of the proposed system were designed and tested using a prototype board. C1 [Alahmad, Mahmoud; Nader, Wisam; Shi, Jonathan; Berryman, Chuck; Cho, Y.; Lau, Siu-Kit; Li, H.; Schwer, Avery; Shen, Zhigang; Stansbury, John; Zhang, Tian] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Neal, Jill] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Alahmad, M (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM Malahmad2@unl.edu; wnader@unomaha.edu FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX This project is funded and sponsored by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1553-572X BN 978-1-4244-5226-2 J9 IEEE IND ELEC PY 2010 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BYT36 UT WOS:000300146001073 ER PT S AU Chaaban, MA Alahmad, M Neal, J Shi, J Berryman, C Cho, Y Lau, S Li, H Schwer, A Shen, Z Stansbury, J Zhang, T AF Chaaban, Mohamed Amer Alahmad, Mahmoud. Neal, J. Shi, J. Berryman, C. Cho, Y. Lau, S. Li, H. Schwer, A. Shen, Z. Stansbury, J. Zhang, T. GP IEEE TI Adaptive Photovoltaic System SO IECON 2010 - 36TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY SE IEEE Industrial Electronics Society LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society (IECON)/4th IEEE International Conference on E-Learning in Industrial Electronics/IES Industry Forum CY NOV 07-10, 2010 CL Glendale, AZ SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers (IEEE), IEEE Ind Elect Soc, New Jersey Sci & Technol Univ, New Jersey Inst Technol (NJIT), N Carolina State Univ (NCSU), Soc Instrument & Control Engineers (SICE), Auburn Univ, Intel, Altera, IEEE Phoenix Sect DE Reconfigurable PV; PV model; Switching Matrix; Inverter; Shading effect AB This paper discussed a new photovoltaic (PV) system topology that uses PV energy in efficient way in order to improve system power output during different operating conditions. The proposed topology provides flexible connection between PV modules to achieve different configurations of PV array. A new switching matrix has been developed to achieve the required configurations. Preliminary simulations provide promising results for an adaptive PV array. Comparison between traditional PV system configurations and adaptive configuration is considered. A significant improvement in power curves is achieved by the proposed topology. C1 [Chaaban, Mohamed Amer; Alahmad, Mahmoud.; Shi, J.; Berryman, C.; Cho, Y.; Lau, S.; Li, H.; Schwer, A.; Shen, Z.; Stansbury, J.; Zhang, T.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Neal, J.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Chaaban, MA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM mchaaban@unomaha.edu; malahmad2@unl.edu FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX This project is funded and sponsored by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1553-572X BN 978-1-4244-5226-2 J9 IEEE IND ELEC PY 2010 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BYT36 UT WOS:000300146002030 ER PT S AU Cardarelli, J Thomas, M Curry, T AF Cardarelli, John, II Thomas, Mark Curry, Timothy BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) airborne gamma spectrometry system for environmental and emergency response surveys SO IMAGING SPECTROMETRY XV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Imaging Spectrometry XV CY AUG 02-03, 2010 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Gamma Spectrometry; ASPECT; Gamma Spectroscopy; Photon; NaI(Tl); Multichannel analyzer; Emergency response; Gamma detectors AB The EPA Airborne Spectral Photometric Environmental Collection Technology (ASPECT) Program provides airborne ortho-rectified imagery, video, chemical and now radiological information directly to emergency response personnel via a commercial satellite link onboard the aircraft. EPA initiated the ASPECT Gamma Emergency Mapper GEM Project in 2008 to improve its airborne gamma-screening and mapping capability for monitoring any ground-based gamma contamination. This paper will provide an overview of the system, which can be configured to carry six 2 '' x4 '' x16 '' NaI(Tl) detectors and two 3 '' x3 '' LaBr3(Ce) detectors or eight 2 '' x4 '' x16 '' NaI(Tl) detectors. The paper will provide an overview of the analysis of gamma radiation spectra, system limitations, and emergency response applications. C1 [Cardarelli, John, II; Thomas, Mark; Curry, Timothy] Environm Protect Agcy, Erlanger, KY 41018 USA. RP Cardarelli, J (reprint author), Environm Protect Agcy, 4900 Olymp Blvd, Erlanger, KY 41018 USA. EM Cardarelli.john@epa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-81948-308-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2010 VL 7812 AR 781205 DI 10.1117/12.863314 PG 10 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Spectroscopy GA BSU56 UT WOS:000285829200003 ER PT S AU Luebke, RW AF Luebke, Robert W. BE Dietert, RR TI Parasite Challenge as Host Resistance Models for Immunotoxicity Testing SO IMMUNOTOXICITY TESTING: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Trichinella spiralis; Host resistance; Immunotoxicity; Immunosuppression; Susceptibility to infection; Parasite infections; Methods ID TRICHINELLA-SPIRALIS INFECTION; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; RAPID EXPULSION; NEWBORN LARVAE; WORM EXPULSION; MAST-CELLS; T-CELLS; RATS; EXPOSURE; ANTIBODY AB Identification of potentially immunosuppressive compounds typically involves assessing a combination of observational endpoints as surrogates for functional endpoints and functional endpoints as surrogates for resistance to infectious or neoplastic disease. Host resistance assays are considered to be the "gold standard" against which suppression Of immune function at the molecular or cellular level can be judged, because resistance to infection, regardless of the actual pathogen, involves multiple pathways of effector function to neutralize or eliminate pathogens. Resistance to infection with the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis has been used to assess immune function following exposure to a variety of immunotoxicants at the whole animal level. The various immunological mechanisms that are responsible for resistance to different phases of the life cycle are well documented, as are the effects of immunosuppression on the outcome of infection. This chapter describes methods to assess elimination of adult parasites front the small intestine, body burdens of larvae, as well as antibody responses and lymphocyte responses to parasite antigens C1 US EPA, Immunotoxicol Branch, Div Natl Hlth & Environm Effects, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Luebke, RW (reprint author), US EPA, Immunotoxicol Branch, Div Natl Hlth & Environm Effects, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-60761-400-5 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2010 VL 598 BP 119 EP 141 DI 10.1007/978-1-60761-401-2_9 D2 10.1007/978-1-60761-401-2 PG 23 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BNN50 UT WOS:000275067300009 PM 19967510 ER PT J AU Farraj, AK Boykin, E Ledbetter, A Andrews, D Gavett, SH AF Farraj, Aimen K. Boykin, Elizabeth Ledbetter, Allen Andrews, Debora Gavett, Stephen H. TI Increased lung resistance after diesel particulate and ozone co-exposure not associated with enhanced lung inflammation in allergic mice SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Airways hyperresponsiveness; asthma; diesel exhaust particulate matter; inflammation; inhalation; lung resistance; mice; ozone ID AIRWAY RESPONSIVENESS; DERMAL EXPOSURE; EXHAUST; RATS; RESPONSES; ADAPTATION; ASTHMA; POLLUTANTS; TOXICITY; PARTICLE AB Exposure to diesel exhaust particulate matter (DEP) exacerbates asthma. Likewise, similar effects have been reported with exposure to the oxidizing air pollutant ozone (O(3)). Since levels of both pollutants in ambient air tend to be simultaneously elevated, we investigated the possible synergistic effect of these agents on the exacerbation of allergic airways disease in mice. Male BALB/c mice were sensitized ip with ovalbumin (Ova) or vehicle only, then exposed once per week for 4 wk via nose-only inhalation (4 h) to the PM(2.5) fraction of DEP (2 mg/m(3)), O(3) (0.5 ppm), DEP and O(3), or filtered air, and then challenged with aerosolized ovalbumin. Ova sensitization in air-exposed mice enhanced pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration, several indicators of injury in the lung (lactate dehydrogenase, albumin and total protein), and lung resistance (R(L)) and elastance (E(L)) in response to methacholine (MCh) aerosol challenge. DEP exposure did not enhance the Ova-induced increase in pulmonary cell infiltration, indicators of injury, or R(L) and E(L). O(3) exposure enhanced the Ova-induced increase in inflammatory cell infiltration and N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) in the lung, but had no effect on R(L) or E(L). DEP co-exposure significantly attenuated the O(3)-induced increase in cell infiltration and indicators of injury; co-exposure had no effect on E(L) relative to air-exposed Ova-sensitized mice. However, only DEP-O(3) co-exposure significantly increased the Ova-induced increase in R(L). Thus, O(3) and DEP co-exposure exacerbated airways hyperresponsiveness, a response that was not associated with parallel increases in pulmonary inflammation and one that may be mediated by a unique mechanism. C1 [Farraj, Aimen K.; Boykin, Elizabeth; Ledbetter, Allen; Andrews, Debora; Gavett, Stephen H.] US EPA, Expt Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Farraj, AK (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Drive,Mail Code B143-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM farraj.aimen@epa.gov NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 22 IS 1 BP 33 EP 41 DI 10.3109/08958370902862434 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 543ZS UT WOS:000273621300003 PM 20017592 ER PT B AU Murray, RE Grayman, WM Savic, DA Farmani, R AF Murray, R. E. Grayman, W. M. Savic, D. A. Farmani, R. BE Boxall, J Maksimovic, C TI Effects of DMA redesign on water distribution system performance SO INTEGRATING WATER SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Computing and Control for the Water Industry CY SEP 01-03, 2009 CL Sheffield, ENGLAND SP Mouchel, SEAMS Ltd, Yorkshire Water AB Since their introduction in the UK water distribution systems in the early 1980s, district metered areas (DMAs) have proved effective for leakage monitoring and control. With the increased focus on a balanced performance of a system with respect to a number of measurable indicators, more work is needed to assess effectiveness of DMAs in a holistic manner. This paper focuses on a case study approach aimed at analyzing the effects of different system designs (with or without DMAs) on a number of performance indicators, such as water quality, water security, and reliability of the system. Three case studies, one from the UK and two from the USA, were studied to assess different designs. The results show that when designing a system, a balanced approach should be taken to account for different performance indicators. The methodology provides a mechanism for evaluating alternative water system designs, and provides insight into the effects of different design criteria on system performance. C1 [Murray, R. E.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Murray, RE (reprint author), US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. OI Savic, Dragan/0000-0001-9567-9041 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-415-54851-9 PY 2010 BP 645 EP 650 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BUS72 UT WOS:000290241900092 ER PT J AU Garrison, AW Guillette, LJ Wiese, TE Avants, JK AF Garrison, Arthur W. Guillette, Louis J., Jr. Wiese, Thomas E. Avants, Jimmy K. TI Persistent organochlorine pesticides and their metabolites in alligator livers from Lakes Apopka and Woodruff, Florida, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE alligators; alligator livers; OC pesticides; OCPs; chiral pesticides; enantiomers; p,p '-DDE; p,p '-DDD; trans-nonachlor; cis-nonachlor; p,p '-dicofol; p,p '-dichlorobenzophenone ID JUVENILE AMERICAN ALLIGATORS; STEROID CONCENTRATIONS; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; DDT; BIOTRANSFORMATION; CONTAMINANTS; ENANTIOMER; O,P'-DDT; DICOFOL; SIZE AB Reproductive disorders in American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) inhabiting Lake Apopka, Florida, have been observed for several years. Such disorders are hypothesised to be caused by endocrine disrupting contaminants occurring in the lake due to pesticide spills and runoff from bordering agricultural lands. Various studies have resulted in identification of several persistent chlorinated organic pollutants, some of them known endocrine disrupters, in various alligator tissues and fluids. In this report, livers from 12 juvenile alligators inhabiting Lake Apopka and 10 from Lake Woodruff, a control lake, were extracted and analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with chiral GC columns for identification of both chiral and non-chiral organochlorine pesticides (OCPs, including their metabolites); in so doing, the enantiomer fractions of any chiral OCPs identified were also measured. In Lake Apopka, p,p'-DDE was the most prominent OCP identified, being found in all samples at concentrations ranging from 4 to 779 ng g(-1), based on wet weight of the liver samples. Trans-and cis-nonachlor were also detected in all samples at a concentration range of 0.3 to 64 ng g(-1); p,p'-DDD was also detected in all samples, but at an even lower concentration of 0.2 to 11 ng g(-1). Only 5 chiral OCPs were identified; their enantiomer fractions were mostly non-racemic, indicating pre-ingestion enantioselective biotransformation or enantioselective metabolism by the alligators. p,p'-Dichlorobenzophenone (p,p'-DCBP), a known metabolite of p,p'-dicofol, was detected in all but one sample; most concentrations were 51 ng g(-1). Dicofol is known to have been used and spilled near Lake Apopka, and is highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates. Experiments showed that the p,p'-DCBP identified in these samples occurred via thermal degradation during GC analysis of p,p'-dicofol that was present in the liver sample extracts. Only 5 OCPs, at levels much below those in Lake Apopka, were found in control Lake Woodruff. C1 [Garrison, Arthur W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Univ Florida, Dept Zool, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Wiese, Thomas E.] Xavier Univ Louisiana, Coll Pharm, New Orleans, LA USA. [Avants, Jimmy K.] US EPA, Senior Serv Amer, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Garrison, AW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM garrison.wayne@epa.gov NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 32 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-7319 J9 INT J ENVIRON AN CH JI Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. PY 2010 VL 90 IS 2 BP 159 EP 170 DI 10.1080/03067310902977526 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 549GL UT WOS:000274035200007 ER PT J AU Hiatt, MH AF Hiatt, Michael H. TI The role of internal standards and their interaction with soils impact accuracy of volatile organics determinations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE soil; analyses; spiking; accuracy ID SORPTION AB Both US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) SW-846 Methods 8260C/5035 and 8261A include mixing soil with water and addition of internal standards prior to analyses but the equilibration of internal standards with the soil is not required. With increasing organic carbon content and no effort to equilibrate internal standards with the matrix, results are less likely to be accurate. Adding internal standards to soils prior to diluting the sample with water gives more accurate determinations but less reliable quality control (QC). Extending times for equilibration of internal standards improves accuracy but is conducive to analyte degradation not normally observed during analyses. Soil-matrix effects on a given analyte can be greatly understated using a single internal standard as described in Method 8260C while the use of multiple internal standards as described in Method 8261A is more accurate. Method 8261A's reporting error when spiking soils before adding water provides confidence intervals with accuracy near the experimental rule (75.2, 95.7 and 99.5%) with the exception of two analytes that require overnight equilibration. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Hiatt, MH (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM hiatt.mike@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX A note of appreciation to John Zimmerman and Brian Schumacher of NERL-Las Vegas/ORD/EPA for providing the performance soils used in the study and to William Nelson of NERLN-arragansett/ ORD/EPA for providing the Greenwich Bay sediment.; The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Office of Research and Development (ORD), funded and performed the analytical research described. This manuscript has been subjected to the EPA's review and has been approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-7319 J9 INT J ENVIRON AN CH JI Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. PY 2010 VL 90 IS 8 BP 591 EP 604 AR PII 921288588 DI 10.1080/03067310903045497 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 593PN UT WOS:000277471500001 ER PT J AU Shi, L Zhou, XF Zhang, YL Gu, GW Surampalli, RY Zhang, TC AF Shi, Lu Zhou, Xuefei Zhang, Yalei Gu, Guowei Surampalli, Rao Y. Zhang, Tian C. TI Development of an analytical method for eight fluoroquinolones using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE fluoroquinolones; antibacterial; solid-phase extraction; liquid chromatography; fluorescence detection ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; CARE PRODUCTS PPCPS; WASTE-WATER; ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS; TREATMENT FACILITIES; ANTIBIOTICS; PHARMACEUTICALS; WASTEWATERS; EFFLUENTS AB In this study, a practicable and effective analytical method based on solid-phase-extraction and reversed-phase liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (SPE-LC-FLD) was developed and partially validated for routine analysis of eight FQs in wastewater at the trace level. Different SPE materials, pH conditions and eluents were modified to find an economic and effective SPE conditions. In our work, it is the first time that well-known commercially available SPE sorbent are compared to 'generic' cheap SPE sorbent. Aqueous samples (pH 2-3) were extracted using Anpel MEP cartridges where they were subsequently eluted by 6 mL of 2% formic acid in MeOH. The aqueous extracts were analysed by gradient elution LC-FLD, whose initial mobile phase was composed of ACN and 10 mmol L-1 tetrabutyl ammonium bromide (4/96, v/v, pH 3). The LODs and LOQs of the wastewater were as low as 0.32-2.12 ng L-1 and 1.07-7.07 ng L-1, respectively. The precisions of the overall method (RSD, n = 3) using wastewater were below 10%. The method was used to quantify FQs in influents and effluents of several typical sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Shanghai. The extraction recoveries of 100 mL influent, 500 mL effluent and 500 mL of river water samples were between 88.6 and 102.6%, 79.2 and 109.2%, 80.0 and 105.5% and 87.4 and 99.4%, respectively. FQs of interest except sarafloxacin were identified in the influents, effluents and river waters with concentrations varying from 0.012-1.163 mu g L-1, 0.003-0.291 mu g L-1, and 0.002-0.040 mu g L-1, respectively. The method can serve as a tool to obtain detailed information on occurrence, behaviour and fate of FQs in the aquatic environment. Occurrence of FQs detected in summer is higher than in spring at STPs, and those detected in the suburban area are less than those in the urban area. Complete removal of FQs is not achieved from the STPs, indicating domestic wastewater and STP discharge is the source of FQs in the surface water. C1 [Shi, Lu; Zhou, Xuefei; Gu, Guowei] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China. [Shi, Lu] Xiangtan Univ, Sch Environm Engn, Xiangtan 411105, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yalei] Tongji Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Yangtze Water Environm, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China. [Surampalli, Rao Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. [Zhang, Tian C.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Civil Engn, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. RP Zhou, XF (reprint author), Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, 1239th Siping Rd, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China. EM zhouxuefei@tongji.edu.cn OI Zhang, Yalei/0000-0002-3254-8965 FU Ministry of Education of China [NCET-07-0627]; National Key Technology RD Programme [2006BAJ08B10, 2006BAJ08B01] FX The investigations were supported by the New Century Excellent Researcher Award Programme from the Ministry of Education of China (No. NCET-07-0627), and the National Key Technology R&D Programme (2006BAJ08B10, 2006BAJ08B01). The work was done in the State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse. We also gratefully acknowledge the staff of the Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education who gave extensive assistance in the precise laboratory work. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 27 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-7319 J9 INT J ENVIRON AN CH JI Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. PY 2010 VL 90 IS 14-15 BP 1085 EP 1098 AR PII 928493198 DI 10.1080/03067310903023601 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 669RH UT WOS:000283367400005 ER PT J AU Han, YY Dinse, GE Davis, DL AF Han, Yueh-Ying Dinse, Gregg E. Davis, Devra L. TI Temporal and Demographic Patterns of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Incidence in Pennsylvania SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; Pennsylvania; Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER); environmental exposure; occupational exposure; temporal patterns; demographic patterns ID MATERIALS PROCESSING FACILITIES; UNITED-STATES; CANCER INCIDENCE; RISK-FACTORS; PERSONAL USE; TIME TRENDS; EXPOSURE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SUBTYPES; SURVEILLANCE AB Our study analyzed temporal and demographic patterns of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) incidence in Pennsylvania and compared Pennsylvania time trends with national trends. Joinpoint and age-period-cohort analyses summarized sex- and race-specific NHL incidence time trends between 1985 and 2004. Ecologic analysis identified demographic factors associated with age-adjusted county-specific NHL incidence. NFIL incidence in Pennsylvania increased annually: 1.6% and 2.5% in white and black men and 1.6% and 3.2% in white and black women. National trends were similar, except for smaller increases in white men. Diffuse lymphoma appeared to be the major contributor to the increases. NHL incidence was higher in Pennsylvania Counties with greater Percentages of urban residents. NFIL incidence patterns in Pennsylvania were parallel to those seen nationally, with the highest rates Occurring in white men and in persons residing in urban areas. C1 [Han, Yueh-Ying; Davis, Devra L.] Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Ctr Environm Oncol, Dept Epidemiol,Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA. [Dinse, Gregg E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Han, YY (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Ctr Environm Oncol, Dept Epidemiol,Grad Sch Publ Hlth, 5150 Ctr Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA. EM hany2@upmc.edu FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Heinz Endowments; DSF Charitable Foundation; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Devra Lee Davis Charitable Foundation FX This research Was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Support. to the Center For Environmental Oncology came from the Heinz Endowments, the DSF Charitable Foundation, the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Devra Lee Davis Charitable Foundation. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU HAMILTON HARDY PUBL INC PI ATTLEBORO PA 8 N MAIN ST, STE 404A, ATTLEBORO, MA 02703 USA SN 1077-3525 J9 INT J OCCUP ENV HEAL JI Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health PD JAN-MAR PY 2010 VL 16 IS 1 BP 75 EP 84 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 546TU UT WOS:000273836500009 PM 20166322 ER PT J AU Rock, S Song, J Marmiroli, N AF Rock, Steve Song, Jing Marmiroli, Nelson TI Conference Review Fifth International Phytotechnologies Conference, Nanjing, China, October 22-25, 2008 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Marmiroli, Nelson] Univ Parma, Dept Environm Sci, I-43100 Parma, Italy. [Rock, Steve] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Song, Jing] Chinese Acad Sci Nanjing, Soil & Environm Bioremediat Res Ctr, Nanjing, Peoples R China. RP Marmiroli, N (reprint author), Univ Parma, Dept Environm Sci, Viale GP Usberti 11A, I-43100 Parma, Italy. EM nelson.marmiroli@unipr.it NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-6514 J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT JI Int. J. Phytoremediat. PY 2010 VL 12 IS 3 BP 215 EP 216 AR PII 920398236 DI 10.1080/15226510903569816 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 593MT UT WOS:000277460500001 ER PT J AU Young, D Clinton, P Specht, D AF Young, D. Clinton, P. Specht, D. TI Mapping intertidal eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) in three coastal estuaries of the Pacific Northwest USA using false colour near-infrared aerial photography SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID ECOSYSTEMS; IMAGERY AB This study describes a hybrid technique of digitally classifying aerial photography used for mapping the intertidal habitat of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) in Pacific Northwest USA estuaries. The large tidal range (2-3 m) in this region exposes most of this seagrass community at low tide, permitting the use of false colour near-infrared film that provides good contrast in imaging vegetated intertidal habitats. Three Oregon coastal estuaries in the USA were surveyed in 2004 or 2005 at photoscales of 1:10 000 or 1:20 000. Spatial resolution was 0.25 m and the minimum mapping unit was 2.5 x 2.5 m. Spatial accuracy was within 1.5 m. Comparison of the image classification and ground survey results yielded overall classification accuracies of 83% to 97%. This appears to be an effective technique for mapping intertidal eelgrass distributions in turbid coastal estuaries with large tidal ranges. C1 [Young, D.; Clinton, P.; Specht, D.] US EPA, ORD NHEERL, Western Ecol Div, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Young, D (reprint author), US EPA, ORD NHEERL, Western Ecol Div, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM young.david@epa.gov NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2010 VL 31 IS 7 BP 1699 EP 1715 DI 10.1080/01431160902926590 PG 17 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 592OP UT WOS:000277389200002 ER PT J AU Hopton, ME Cabezas, H Campbell, D Eason, T Garmestani, AS Heberling, MT Karunanithi, AT Templeton, JJ White, D Zanowick, M AF Hopton, Matthew E. Cabezas, Heriberto Campbell, Daniel Eason, Tarsha Garmestani, Ahjond S. Heberling, Matthew T. Karunanithi, Arunprakash T. Templeton, Joshua J. White, Denis Zanowick, Marie TI Development of a multidisciplinary approach to assess regional sustainability SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND WORLD ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE metrics; time series; emergy; ecological footprint; green net regional product; Fisher information ID ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT; REGIME CHANGES; INDEXES; SYSTEMS; INFORMATION; INDICATORS; SCOTLAND; ECONOMY; TOOLS; MODEL AB There are a number of established, scientifically supported metrics of sustainability. Many of the metrics are data-intensive and require extensive effort to collect data and compute the metrics. Moreover, individual metrics do not capture all aspects of a system that are relevant to sustainability. A pilot project was initiated to create an approach to measure, monitor, and maintain prosperity and environmental quality of a regional system. The goal was to produce a straightforward, inexpensive methodology that is simple to use and interpret. This requires historical data be readily accessible, metrics must be applicable to the relevant scale, and results must meet the needs of decision-makers. Because sustainability is a multidimensional concept, the research group consisted of a multidisciplinary team that identified the major components of an environmental system. We selected metrics to capture the multidimensionality of sustainability in environmental systems and included: (1) emergy to capture the quality-normalized flow of energy through the system; (2) ecological footprint to capture the impact of humans on the system; (3) green net regional product to estimate human prosperity and well being within the system; and (4) Fisher information to capture the dynamic order of the system. We were able to compute metrics for a test geographic region using existing datasets. Preliminary analysis indicates that each metric reveals a somewhat different trend. These preliminary findings support the idea that characterization of sustainability requires a multidisciplinary approach and demonstrate the need to measure multiple aspects of an environmental system. C1 [Hopton, Matthew E.; Cabezas, Heriberto; Eason, Tarsha; Garmestani, Ahjond S.; Heberling, Matthew T.] US EPA, Sustainable Environm Branch, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Campbell, Daniel] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI USA. [Templeton, Joshua J.] US Dept Transportat, Volpe Natl Transportat Syst Ctr, Econ & Ind Anal Div, Boston, MA USA. [Karunanithi, Arunprakash T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Engn, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [White, Denis] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Corvallis, OR USA. [Zanowick, Marie] US EPA, Denver, CO USA. RP Hopton, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Environm Branch, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM hopton.matthew@epa.gov OI Heberling, Matthew/0000-0003-1120-612X; Hopton, Matt/0000-0001-7962-6820 NR 57 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1350-4509 J9 INT J SUST DEV WORLD JI Int. J. Sustain. Dev. World Ecol. PY 2010 VL 17 IS 1 BP 48 EP 56 AR PII 919232962 DI 10.1080/13504500903488297 PG 9 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Ecology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 555YU UT WOS:000274553700006 ER PT J AU Irons, TD MacPhail, R Hunter, DL Padnos, B Padilla, S AF Irons, Terra D. MacPhail, Robert Hunter, Deborah L. Padnos, Beth Padilla, Stephanie TI Dopaminergic Toxicity During Development Alters Locomotor Activity in Larval Zebrafish SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Toxicology CY NOV 01-04, 2009 CL Palm Springs, CA SP Amer Coll Toxicol C1 [Irons, Terra D.; Hunter, Deborah L.; Padnos, Beth; Padilla, Stephanie] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [MacPhail, Robert] US EPA, Toxicol Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Irons, Terra D.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 1 BP 108 EP 108 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 552AF UT WOS:000274255600065 ER PT J AU Diaz-Sanchez, D AF Diaz-Sanchez, David TI Asthma Epidemic: An Overview of Disease Process, Environmental and Genetic Factors SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Toxicology CY NOV 01-04, 2009 CL Palm Springs, CA SP Amer Coll Toxicol DE asthma; risk factors; disease process C1 [Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Clin Res Branch, NHEERL, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 1 BP 113 EP 113 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 552AF UT WOS:000274255600078 ER PT J AU Wal, RLV Bryg, VM Hays, MD AF Wal, Randy L. Vander Bryg, Vicky M. Hays, Michael D. TI Fingerprinting soot (towards source identification): Physical structure and chemical composition SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Carbonaceous Particles in the Atmosphere CY 2009 CL Berkeley, CA DE Soot; HRTEM; XPS; Carbonaceous aerosols; Microscopy ID X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; GAS-PHASE; EMISSIONS; CARBON; COMBUSTION; AEROSOLS; NANOSTRUCTURE; SURFACE; OXIDATION AB Soot is a highly variable material. Physically the nanostructure can range from amorphous to graphitic to fullerenic. Chemically nearly any element may be included, while the surface functional groups are predominantly oxygen-based. Presented here are HRTEM image analysis results of the physical nanostructure and XPS analysis of the surface chemical composition of soot collected from plant and industrial scale oil-fired boilers, a diesel engine, jet engine and a wildfire. Physically soots from these emission source classes may be differentiated on the basis of carbon lamella length, mean separation and tortuosity. Chemically these soots may also be distinguished by elemental composition and surface functional groups. Together, this suite of parameters can be used to differentiate natural from anthropogenic soots. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wal, Randy L. Vander] Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, EMS Energy Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wal, Randy L. Vander] Penn State Inst Energy & Environm, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hays, Michael D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Wal, RLV (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, EMS Energy Inst, 203 Hosler Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ruv12@psu.edu RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660 NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 EI 1879-1964 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 41 IS 1 SI SI BP 108 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2009.08.008 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 559XZ UT WOS:000274866800011 ER PT J AU Easter, RN Caruso, JA Vonderheide, AP AF Easter, Renee N. Caruso, Joseph A. Vonderheide, Anne P. TI Recent developments and novel applications in GC-ICPMS SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Review ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; ISOTOPE-DILUTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BUTYLTIN COMPOUNDS; MS DETECTION; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; FISH TISSUE; EXTRACTION PROCEDURES AB The objective of this review is to note recent novel developments and applications rather than to be comprehensive. We intend to explore instrumental advances that demonstrate enhanced analytical capability. Along these same lines, there have been a number of recent papers coupling solid phase microextraction with GC-ICPMS and these will be discussed. Not only does this preparation technique present several advantages, such as environmental friendliness through reduced solvent consumption, it also lends itself to easy incorporation into a GC analytical scheme. Finally, new explorations in the analysis of the traditional metal species, as well as novel applications of species of nontraditional elements, are presented. C1 [Easter, Renee N.; Caruso, Joseph A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Vonderheide, Anne P.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Chem Exposure Res Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Caruso, JA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM joseph.caruso@uc.edu NR 60 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 23 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0267-9477 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PY 2010 VL 25 IS 4 BP 493 EP 502 DI 10.1039/b924393n PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 573PO UT WOS:000275926900003 ER PT J AU McCarrey, JR Eddy, EM AF McCarrey, John R. Eddy, E. Mitchell TI Introductory Overview to the Proceedings of the XXth North American Testis Workshop SO JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [McCarrey, John R.] Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Eddy, E. Mitchell] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP McCarrey, JR (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANDROLOGY, INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS, INC PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0196-3635 J9 J ANDROL JI J. Androl. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 31 IS 1 SI SI BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.2164/jandrol.109.009480 PG 4 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 560XP UT WOS:000274938700001 PM 19875486 ER PT J AU Goldberg, E Eddy, EM Duan, CW Odet, F AF Goldberg, Erwin Eddy, Edward M. Duan, Chongwen Odet, Fanny TI LDHC: The Ultimate Testis-Specific Gene SO JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th North American Testis Workshop on Testicular Function - Levels of Regulation CY APR 01-04, 2009 CL Philadelphia, PA DE Lactate dehydrogenase C; glycolysis; male fertility; sperm ID LACTATE-DEHYDROGENASE-C; MOUSE SPERMATOGENIC CELLS; MALE GERM-CELLS; IN-VITRO; LACTIC DEHYDROGENASE; GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; PROMOTER ACTIVITY; DNA METHYLATION; TRANSGENIC MICE; MALE-FERTILITY AB Lactate dehydrogenase C (LDHC) was, to the best of our knowledge, the first testis-specific isozyme discovered in male germ cells. In fact, this was accomplished shortly before "isozymes or isoenzymes" became a field of study. LDHC was detected initially in human spermatozoa and spermatogenic cells of the testes by gel electrophoresis. Immunohistochemistry was used to localize LDHC first in early-pachytene primary spermatocytes, with an apparent increase in quantity after meiosis, to its final localization in and on the principal piece of the sperm tail. After several decades of biologic, biochemical, and genetic investigations, we now know that the lactate dehydrogenase isozymes are ubiquitous in vertebrates, developmentally regulated, tissue and cell specific, and multifunctional. Here, we will review the history of LDHC and the work that demonstrates clearly that it is required for sperm to accomplish their ultimate goal, fertilization. C1 [Goldberg, Erwin; Duan, Chongwen] Northwestern Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol & Cell Biol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Eddy, Edward M.; Odet, Fanny] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Reprod & Dev Toxicol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Goldberg, E (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol & Cell Biol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM erv@northwestern.edu FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES070076-22]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD05863, R01 HD005863] NR 83 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANDROLOGY, INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS, INC PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0196-3635 J9 J ANDROL JI J. Androl. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 31 IS 1 SI SI BP 86 EP 94 DI 10.2164/jandrol.109.008367 PG 9 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 560XP UT WOS:000274938700013 PM 19875487 ER PT J AU Tomasino, SF Rastogi, VK Wallace, L Smith, LS Hamilton, MA Pines, RM AF Tomasino, Stephen F. Rastogi, Vipin K. Wallace, Lalena Smith, Lisa S. Hamilton, Martin A. Pines, Rebecca M. TI Use of Alternative Carrier Materials in AOAC Official Method(SM) 2008.05, Efficacy of Liquid Sporicides Against Spores of Bacillus subtilis on a Hard, Nonporous Surface, Quantitative Three-Step Method SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB The quantitative Three-Step Method (TSM) for testing the efficacy of liquid sporicides against spores of Bacillus subtilis on a hard, nonporous surface lass) was adopted as AOAC Official Method(SM) 2008.05 in May 2008. The TSM uses 5 x 5 x 1 mm coupons (carriers) upon which spores have been inoculated and which are introduced into liquid sporicidal agent contained in a microcentrifulge tube. Following exposure of inoculated carriers and neutralization, spores are removed from carriers in three fractions (gentle washing, fraction A; sonication, fraction 13; and gentle agitation, fraction C). Liquid from each fraction is serially diluted and plated on a recovery medium for spore enumeration. The counts are summed over the three fractions to provide the density (viable spores per carrier), which is log(10)-transformed to arrive at the log density. The log reduction is calculated by subtracting the mean log density for treated carriers from the mean log density for control carriers. This paper presents a single-laboratory investigation conducted to evaluate the applicability of using two porous carrier materials (ceramic the and untreated pine wood) and one alternative nonporous material (stainless steel). Glass carriers were included in the study as the reference material. Inoculated carriers were evaluated against three commercially available liquid sporicides (sodium hypochlorite, a combination of peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide, and glutaraldehyde), each at two levels of presumed efficacy (medium and high) to provide data for assessing the responsiveness of the TSM. Three coupons of each material were evaluated across three replications at each level; three replications of a control were required. Even though all carriers were inoculated with approximately the same number of spores, the observed counts of recovered spores were consistently higher for the nonporous carriers. For control carriers, the mean log densities for the four materials ranged from 6.63 for wood to 7.14 for steel. The pairwise differences between mean log densities, except for glass minus steel, were statistically significant (P < 0.001). The repeatability standard deviations (S-r) for the mean control log density per test were similar for the four materials, ranging from 0.08 for wood to 0.13 for tile. Spore recovery from the carrier materials ranged from approximately 20 to 70%: 20% (pine wood), 40% (ceramic tile), 55% (glass), and 70% (steel). Although the percent spore recovery from pine wood was significantly lower than that from other materials, the performance data indicate that the TSM provides a repeatable and responsive test for determining the efficacy of liquid sporicides on both porous and nonporous materials. C1 [Tomasino, Stephen F.; Pines, Rebecca M.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Microbiol Lab Branch, Ctr Environm Sci, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. [Rastogi, Vipin K.; Wallace, Lalena; Smith, Lisa S.] USA, BioDefense Team, R&T Directorate, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Hamilton, Martin A.] Big Sky Stat Analysts LLC, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Tomasino, SF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Microbiol Lab Branch, Ctr Environm Sci, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. EM Tomasino.Stephen@epamail.epa.gov RI Wallace, Lance/K-7264-2013 NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 93 IS 1 BP 259 EP 276 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 563AD UT WOS:000275096600032 PM 20334188 ER PT J AU Harrill, JA Knapp, GW Crofton, KM AF Harrill, Joshua A. Knapp, Geremy W. Crofton, Kevin M. TI Splice Variant Specific Increase in Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase 1-gamma mRNA Expression in Response to Acute Pyrethroid Exposure SO JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Deltamethrin; Permethrin; Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase; qRT-PCR ID SENSITIVE CALCIUM-CHANNELS; GENE-EXPRESSION; CHRONIC OLANZAPINE; FRONTAL-CORTEX; ION CHANNELS; BDNF GENES; RAT-BRAIN; NEURONS; DELTAMETHRIN; INSECTICIDES AB In mammals, pyrethroids are neurotoxicants that interfere with ion channel function in excitable neuronal membranes. Previous work demonstrated increases in the expression of Ca2+/calmodul independent protein kinase 1-gamma (Camk1g) mRNA following acute deltamethrin and permethrin exposure. In the rat, this gene is expressed as two distinct splice variants, Camk1g1 and Camk1g2. The present study tests the hypothesis that changes in Camk1g mRNA expression in the rat following acute pyrethroid exposure are due to a specific increase in the Camk1g1 splice variant and not the Camk1g2 splice variant. Long-Evans rats were acutely exposed to permethrin, deltamethrin, or corn oil vehicle. Frontal cortex was collected at 6 h postdosing. In addition, rats were exposed to permethrin (100 mg/kg) or deltamethrin (3 mg/kg), and frontal cortex was collected at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, or 24 h along with time-matched vehicle controls. Expression of Camk1g1 and Camk1g2 mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time RTPCR and quantified using the 2(-Delta Delta CT) method. Dose-dependent increases in Camk1g1 mRNA expression were observed for both pyrethroids at 6 h. In addition, a dose-dependent increase in Camk1g2 was observed at 6 h although it was very small in magnitude. The increases in Camk1g1 expression for deltamethrin and permethrin peak between 3 and 6 h postexposure and returns to control levels by 9 h. There was no increase in CAMK1G1 protein as measured with Western blots. The present data demonstrate that pyrethroid-induced changes in Camk1g are driven mainly by increased expression of the Camk1g1 splice variant. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 24:174-186, 2010; Published online in Wiley lnterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10:1002/jbt.20324 C1 [Harrill, Joshua A.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Knapp, Geremy W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Neurotoxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Harrill, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM harrill.josh@epa.gov; crofton@epa.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 FU USEPA/UNC [CR833237]; National Institute of Environmental Health Science [T32-ES07126] FX Contract Grant Sponsor: USEPA/UNC Toxicology Research Program.; Contract Grant Number: CR833237.; Contract Grant Sponsor: National Institute of Environmental Health Science.; Contract Grant Number: T32-ES07126. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1095-6670 J9 J BIOCHEM MOL TOXIC JI J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. PY 2010 VL 24 IS 3 BP 174 EP 186 DI 10.1002/jbt.20324 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology GA 615AD UT WOS:000279100300004 PM 20143453 ER PT J AU Kao, CM Chien, HY Surampalli, RY Chien, CC Chen, CY AF Kao, C. M. Chien, H. Y. Surampalli, R. Y. Chien, C. C. Chen, C. Y. TI Assessing of Natural Attenuation and Intrinsic Bioremediation Rates at a Petroleum-Hydrocarbon Spill Site: Laboratory and Field Studies SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Natural attenuation; Groundwater contamination; Intrinsic bioremediation; Mass flux ID TERT-BUTYL ETHER; CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER; MTBE BIODEGRADATION; BTEX; SUBSURFACE; MICROCOSM; BENZENE; AQUIFER; SOIL AB Natural attenuation is a passive remedial approach that depends upon natural processes to degrade and dissipate contaminants in soil and groundwater. Intrinsic bioremediation is believed to be the major process among the natural attenuation mechanisms that account for the reduction of contaminant concentrations. In this study, a mass flux approach was used to calculate the contaminant mass reduction at a petroleum-hydrocarbon spill site. The mass flux technique is a simplified mass balance procedure, which is accomplished using the differences in total contaminant mass flux across two cross sections of the contaminant plume. The mass flux calculation results show that up to 86% of the dissolved total benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) isomers removal was observed via natural attenuation at this site. Evidence for the occurrence of natural attenuation was the decreased contaminant mass flux through the plume cross sections along the transport path and limited spreading of the BTEX plume. Evidences for the BTEX biodegradation include: (1) decreased BTEX concentrations along the transport path; (2) depletion of dissolved oxygen, nitrate, and sulfate; (3) production of dissolved ferrous iron, sulfide, methane, and CO(2); (4) deceased pH in the spill source area and increased pH in iron-reducing area; (5) increased alkalinity and microbial populations; and (6) preferential removal of certain BTEX components along the transport path. The effectiveness of intrinsic bioremediation on BTEX removal was evaluated by the in situ tracer method. Results reveal that approximately 74% of the BTEX removal was due to the intrinsic biodegradation process. The first-order decay model was applied for the natural attenuation and intrinsic bioremediation rates calculation. Results show that the biodegradation capacity (34.5 mg/L) for BTEX was much higher than the detected contaminants within the plume. The calculated total BTEX first-order natural attenuation and intrinsic bioremediation rates were 0.025 and 0.017% 1/day, respectively. Results of polymerase chain reaction, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, and nucleotide sequence analysis reveal that some petroleum-hydrocarbon degraders (Flavobacterium capsulatum, Xanthobacter sp., Xanthobacter flavus, Xanthomonas codiaei, Pseudomonas boreopolis, Methylobacterium sp., Reichenowia pictae) might exist at this site, which might contribute to the BTEX biodegradation. Results suggest that the natural attenuation mechanisms can effectively contain the plume, and the mass flux method is useful in assessing the occurrence and efficiency of the natural attenuation and intrinsic bioremediation processes. C1 [Kao, C. M.; Chien, H. Y.; Chen, C. Y.] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Environm Engn, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA. [Chien, C. C.] Ind Technol Res Inst, Tainan 734, Taiwan. RP Kao, CM (reprint author), Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Environm Engn, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. EM jkao@mail.nsysu.edu.tw NR 32 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 37 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD JAN PY 2010 VL 136 IS 1 BP 54 EP 67 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000122 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 536HX UT WOS:000273036600008 ER PT J AU Selvakumar, A O'Connor, TP Struck, SD AF Selvakumar, Ariamalar O'Connor, Thomas P. Struck, Scott D. TI Role of Stream Restoration on Improving Benthic Macroinvertebrates and In-Stream Water Quality in an Urban Watershed: Case Study SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Stream restoration; Continuous monitoring; Discrete sampling; Urban stormwater runoff; Water quality; Best management practices; Benthic macroinvertebrates ID BIOTIC INDEX; POLLUTION AB Many stream restoration projects do not include a requirement for long-term monitoring after the project has been completed, resulting in a lack of information about the success or failure of certain restoration techniques. The National Risk Management Research Laboratory, part of the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, evaluated the effectiveness of stream bank and channel restoration as a means of improving in-stream water quality and biological habitat in Accotink Creek, Fairfax City, Va., using discrete sampling and continuous monitoring techniques before and after restoration. This project monitored the effects of a 549 m (1,800 linear-ft) restoration of degraded stream channel in the North Fork of Accotink Creek. Restoration, which was intended to restore the stream channel to a stable condition, thereby reducing stream bank erosion and sediment loads in the stream, included installation of native plant materials along the stream and bioengineering structures to stabilize the stream channel and bank. Results of sampling and monitoring for 2 years after restoration indicated a slight improvement in biological quality for macroinvertebrate indices such as Virginia Stream Condition Index, Hilsenhoff Biotic Index, and Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera taxa; the differences were statistically significant at 90% level of confidence with the power of greater than 0.8. However, indices were all below the impairment level, indicating poor water quality conditions. No statistically significant differences in chemical constituents and bacteriological indicator organisms were found before and after restoration as well as upstream and downstream of the restoration. The results indicated that stream restoration alone had little effect in improving the conditions of in-stream water quality and biological habitat, though it has lessened further degradation of stream banks in critical areas where the properties were at risk. Control of storm-water flows by placing best management practices in the watershed might reduce and delay discharge to the stream and may ultimately improve habitat and water quality conditions. C1 [Selvakumar, Ariamalar; O'Connor, Thomas P.] US EPA, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Struck, Scott D.] Tetra Tech, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Selvakumar, A (reprint author), US EPA, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, 2890 Woodbridge Ave, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM selvakumar.ariamalar@epa.gov; oconnor.thomas@epa.gov; scott.struck@ttemi.com OI O'Connor, Thomas/0000-0002-5643-644X NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 48 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD JAN PY 2010 VL 136 IS 1 BP 127 EP 139 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000116 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 536HX UT WOS:000273036600016 ER PT J AU Packard, BH Kupferle, MJ AF Packard, Benjamin H. Kupferle, Margaret J. TI Evaluation of surface sampling techniques for collection of Bacillus spores on common drinking water pipe materials SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; MODEL; DECONTAMINATION; BACTERIA; GLOBIGII AB Drinking water utilities may face biological contamination of the distribution system from a natural incident or deliberate contamination. Determining the extent of contamination or the efficacy of decontamination is a challenge, because it may require sampling of the wetted surfaces of distribution infrastructure. This Study evaluated two sampling techniques that utilities might use to sample, exhumed pipe sections. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), cement-lined ductile iron, and ductile iron pipe Coupons (3 cm x 14 cm) Cut from new water main piping were conditioned for three months in dechlorinated Cincinnati, Ohio tap water. Coupons were spiked with Bacillus atrophaeus subsp. globigii, a surrogate for Bacillus anthracis. Brushing and scraping were used to recover the inoculated spores from the coupons. Mean recoveries for all materials ranged from 37 +/- 30% to 43 +/- 20% for brushing vs. 24 +/- 10%, to 51 +/- 29% for scraping. On cement-lined pipe, brushing yielded a significantly different recovery than scraping. No differences were seen between brushing and scraping the PVC and iron pipe coupons. Mean brushing and scraping recoveries from PVC coupons were more variable than mean recoveries from cement-lined and iron coupons. Spore retention differed between pipe materials and the presence of established biofilms also had an impact. Conditioned PVC coupons (with established biofilms) had significantly lower spore retention (31 +/- 11%) than conditioned cement-lined Coupons (61 +/- 14%) and conditioned iron Coupons (71 +/- 8%). C1 [Packard, Benjamin H.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Kupferle, Margaret J.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Packard, BH (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM packard.benjamin@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA/NHSRC; U.S.EPA/NERL; U.S.EPA/NRMRL FX The authors would like to thank the following people and organizations for their support, without which this work would not have been possible: Dr. Hiba Ernst, U.S. EPA/NHSRC, Dr. Alan Lindquist, U.S. EPA/NHSRC, Dr. Nick Ashbolt, U.S.EPA/NERL, Dr. Jeff Szabo, U.S.EPA/NHSRC, John Hall, U.S.EPA/NHSRC, Noreen Adcock, U.S.EPA/NRMRL. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD JAN PY 2010 VL 12 IS 1 SI SI BP 361 EP 368 DI 10.1039/b917570a PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 557PV UT WOS:000274682500038 PM 20082033 ER PT J AU Thornburg, J Kominsky, J Brown, GG Frechtel, P Barrett, W Shaul, G AF Thornburg, Jonathan Kominsky, John Brown, G. Gordon Frechtel, Peter Barrett, William Shaul, Glenn TI A model to predict the breathing zone concentrations of particles emitted from surfaces SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID PARTICULATE MATTER; WIND ENVIRONMENT; EXPOSURE; FLOW AB Activity based sampling (ABS) is typically performed to assess inhalation exposure to particulate contaminants known to have low, heterogeneous concentrations on a surface. Activity based sampling determines the contaminant concentration in a person's breathing zone as they perform a scripted activity, such as raking a specified area of soil, while wearing appropriate sample collection instrumentation. As an alternative approach, a probabilistic model based on aerosol physics and fluid dynamics was developed to predict the breathing zone concentration of a particulate contaminant emitted from a surface during activities of variable intensity. The model predicted the particle emission rate, tracked particle transport to the breathing zone, and calculated the breathing zone concentration for two scenarios. One scenario used an Eulerian model based on a Gaussian concentration distribution to quantify aerosol exposure in the trailing wake of a moving object. The second scenario modeled exposure in a quiescent environment. A Lagrangian model tracked the cumulative number of individual particles entering the breathing zone volume at a particular time. A Monte Carlo simulation calculated the breathing zone concentration probability distribution for each scenario. Both models predicted probability distributions of asbestos breathing zone concentrations that bracketed experimentally measured personal exposure concentrations. Modeled breathing zone concentrations were statistically correlated (p-value < 0.001) with independently collected ABS concentrations. The linear regression slope of 0.70 and intercept of 0.03 were influenced by the quantity of ABS data collected and model parameter input distributions at a site broader than those at other sites. C1 [Thornburg, Jonathan; Brown, G. Gordon; Frechtel, Peter] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kominsky, John] Environm Qual Management Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45240 USA. [Barrett, William; Shaul, Glenn] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Thornburg, J (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM jwt@rti.org FU US EPA [68-C-00-186, EP-C-05-060] FX This paper is dedicated to Glenn Shaul, who passed away unexpectedly in April 2008. US EPA funded the research under contract no. 68-C-00-186 and contract no. EP-C-05-060. It has undergone Agency review and been approved for publication. The authors thank Laureen Drees, US EPA for her input and review of the project quality assurance plan. Special thanks to US EPA Regional Office for their coordinating access to the field sites, providing activity based sampling data, and their review of the project documents. Conversations with Dr Michael Flynn, University of North Carolina, helped structure the model and evaluate certain assumptions. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PY 2010 VL 12 IS 4 BP 973 EP 980 DI 10.1039/b919385e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 581NZ UT WOS:000276532100022 PM 20383380 ER PT J AU Studabaker, WB McCombs, M Sorrell, K Salmons, C Brown, G Binstock, D Gutknecht, WF Harper, SL AF Studabaker, William B. McCombs, Michelle Sorrell, Kristen Salmons, Cynthia Brown, Gordon Binstock, David Gutknecht, William F. Harper, Sharon L. TI Field turbidity method for the determination of lead in acid extracts of dried paint SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION; FLOW-INJECTION; ULTRASONIC EXTRACTION; WATERS; PRECIPITATION; COLLECTION; MOLYBDATE; SAMPLES; AIR AB Lead, which can be found in old paint, soil, and dust, has been clearly shown to have adverse health effects on the neurological systems of both children and adults. As part of an ongoing effort to reduce childhood lead poisoning, the US Environmental Protection Agency promulgated the Lead Renovation, Repair, and Painting Program (RRP) rule requiring that paint in target housing built prior to 1978 be tested for lead before any renovation, repair, or painting activities are initiated. This rule has led to a need for a rapid, relatively easy, and an inexpensive method for measuring lead in paint. This paper presents a new method for measuring lead extracted from paint that is based on turbidimetry. This method is applicable to paint that has been collected from a surface and extracted into 25% (v/v) of nitric acid. An aliquot of the filtered extract is mixed with an aliquot of solid potassium molybdate in 1 M ammonium acetate to form a turbid suspension of lead molybdate. The lead concentration is determined using a portable turbidity meter. This turbidimetric method has a response of approximately 0.9 NTU per mg lead per mL extract, with a range of 1-1000 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTUs). Precision at a concentration corresponding to the EPA-mandated decision point of 1 mg of lead per cm(2) is <2%. This method is insensitive to the presence of other metals common to paint, including Ba(2+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Fe(3+), Co(2+), Cu(2+), and Cd(2+), at concentrations of 10 mg mL(-1) or to Zn(2+) at 50 mg mL(-1). Analysis of 14 samples from six reference materials with lead concentrations near 1 mg cm(-2) yielded a correlation to inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) analysis of 0.97, with an average bias of 2.8%. Twenty-four sets of either 6 or 10 paint samples each were collected from different locations in old houses, a hospital, tobacco factory, and power station. Half of each set was analyzed using rotor/stator-25% (v/v) nitric acid extraction with measurement using the new turbidimetric method, and the other half was analyzed using microwave extraction and measurement by ICP-AES. The average relative percent difference between the turbidimetric method and the ICP-AES method for the 24 sets measured as milligrams of lead per cm(2) is -0.63 +/- 32.5%; the mean difference is -2.1 +/- 7.0 mg lead per cm(2). Non-parametric and parametric statistical tests on these data showed no difference in the results for the two procedures. At the federal regulated level of 1 mg of lead per cm(2) paint, this turbidimetric method meets the performance requirements for EPA's National Lead Laboratory Accreditation Program (NLLAP) of accuracy within +/- 20% and has the potential to meet the performance specifications of EPA's RRP rule. C1 [Studabaker, William B.; McCombs, Michelle; Sorrell, Kristen; Salmons, Cynthia; Brown, Gordon; Binstock, David; Gutknecht, William F.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Harper, Sharon L.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Studabaker, WB (reprint author), RTI Int, POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM wstudabaker@rti.org; harper.sharon@epa.gov FU EPA [EP-D-05-065]; RTI [SUB1174861RB]; Alion Science and Technology FX This research was funded by EPA under EPA Contract Number EP-D-05-065 to Alion Science and Technology, Inc., and RTI Subcontract Number SUB1174861RB. Special acknowledgement is given to Dr Hunter Daughtrey of Alion Science and Technology for his support of this effort and careful review of this document. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PY 2010 VL 12 IS 7 BP 1393 EP 1403 DI 10.1039/c000888e PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 622KF UT WOS:000279660700022 PM 20396827 ER PT J AU Nagarnaik, P Batt, A Boulanger, B AF Nagarnaik, Pranav Batt, Angela Boulanger, Bryan TI Concentrations and mass loadings of cardiovascular pharmaceuticals in healthcare facility wastewaters SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; NATIONAL RECONNAISSANCE; THERAPEUTIC CLASSES; HOSPITAL EFFLUENTS; TREATMENT WORKS; TREATMENT-PLANT; SURFACE-WATER; SPECTROMETRY; ENVIRONMENT AB Healthcare facilities are an under-characterized source of pharmaceuticals to municipal wastewaters. In this study, the composition and magnitude of sixteen cardiovascular active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and two cardiovascular API metabolites in wastewater effluents from a hospital, nursing care, assisted living, and independent living facility are presented. Each cardiovascular API was detected in at least one facility's wastewater. The hospital's wastewater had the most detected cardiovascular APIs with thirteen of the eighteen measured compounds positively confirmed and quantified. Maximum mean analyte concentrations within each healthcare facility's wastewater were: 11.3 mu g L(-1) atenolol for the independent living facility; 8.7 mu g L(-1) valsartan for the assisted living facility; 2.7 mu g L(-1) diltiazem for the nursing home facility; and 14.6 mu g L(-1) valsartan for hospital facility. Daily wastewater flow was combined with individual concentrations to estimate the cardiovascular API mass loadings leaving each facility through wastewater discharges to the municipal sewer system. The estimated daily mass loading of all measured cardiovascular APIs ranged from 0.87 g per day at the assisted living facility to 12.5 g per day at the hospital. The combined loading for all four facilities was 16.2 g per day. This presented research informs the risk management process by providing source characterization data for healthcare facility wastewaters containing commonly prescribed cardiovascular APIs. C1 [Nagarnaik, Pranav; Boulanger, Bryan] Texas A&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, Environm & Water Resources Engn Div, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Batt, Angela] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Risk Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Boulanger, B (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, Environm & Water Resources Engn Div, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM bboulanger@tamu.edu FU State of Texas; Texas Hazardous Waste Research Center through the Texas Engineering Experiment Station [067TAM0964]; United States Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX The authors wish to thank John Werdmann from US EPA's National Exposure Research Laboratory and Aditya Bhat from Texas A&M for their help during sample collection and processing. We also wish to thank members of the municipal utility (MP, TO, JG, and JH) who were integral in collecting samples and information at each facility. This project has been funded with funds from the State of Texas as part of the program of the Texas Hazardous Waste Research Center project # 067TAM0964 and through the Texas Engineering Experiment Station. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development provided analytical support and partial funding. This paper has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the sponsors nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 19 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PY 2010 VL 12 IS 11 BP 2112 EP 2119 DI 10.1039/c0em00216j PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 676RO UT WOS:000283935000014 PM 20862442 ER PT J AU Meals, DW Dressing, SA Davenport, TE AF Meals, Donald W. Dressing, Steven A. Davenport, Thomas E. TI Lag Time in Water Quality Response to Best Management Practices: A Review SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Review ID LAND-USE CHANGE; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; SHAGAWA LAKE; GREAT-LAKES; NITROGEN; NITRATE; COMMUNITIES; REDUCTIONS; VERMONT; STREAMS AB Nonpoint source (NPS) watershed projects often fail to meet expectations for water quality improvement because of lag time, the time elapsed between adoption of management changes and rile detection of measurable improvement in water quality in the target water body. Even when management changes are well-designed and fully implemented, water quality monitoring efforts may not show definitive results if the monitoring period, program design, and sampling frequency are nor sufficient to address the lag between treatment and response. Tie main components of lag time include the time required for all installed practice to produce an effect, the time required for the effect to be delivered to the water resource, the time required for the water body to respond to the effect, and the effectiveness of the monitoring program to measure the response. The objectives of this review are to explore the characteristics of lag time components, to present examples of lag times reported from a variety of systems, and to recommend ways for managers to cope with the lag between treatment and response. Important processes influencing lag time include hydrology, vegetation growth, transport rate and path, hydraulic residence time, pollutant sorption properties, and ecosystem linkages. The magnitude of lag time is highly site and pollutant specific, bill may range from months to years for relatively short-lived contaminants such as indicator bacteria, years to decades for excessive P levels in agricultural soils, and decades or more for sediment accumulated in river systems. Groundwater travel time is also all important contributor to lag time and may introduce a lag of decades between changes in agricultural practices and improvement in water quality. Approaches to deal with the inevitable lag between implementation of management practices and water quality response lie in appropriately characterizing the watershed, considering lag time in selection, siting, and monitoring of management measures, selection of appropriate indicators, and designing effective monitoring programs to detect water quality response. C1 [Meals, Donald W.] Tetra Tech Inc, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. [Dressing, Steven A.] Tetra Tech Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Davenport, Thomas E.] US EPA, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. RP Meals, DW (reprint author), Tetra Tech Inc, 84 Caroline St, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. EM dmeals@burlingtontelecom.net NR 65 TC 158 Z9 162 U1 15 U2 138 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 39 IS 1 BP 85 EP 96 DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0108 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 543LO UT WOS:000273579300009 PM 20048296 ER PT J AU Laseke, I Korte, J Lamendella, R Kaneshiro, ES Marciano-Cabral, F Oerther, DB AF Laseke, Ian Korte, Jill Lamendella, Regina Kaneshiro, Edna S. Marciano-Cabral, Francine Oerther, Daniel B. TI Identification of Naegleria fowleri in Warm Ground Water Aquifers SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID AMOEBIC MENINGO-ENCEPHALITIS; FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; NESTED PCR; GEN. NOV.; SOIL AB The free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri was identified as the etiological agent of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis that caused the deaths of two children in Peoria, Arizona, in autumn of 2002. It was suspected that the source of N. fowleri was the domestic water supply, which originates from ground water Sources. In this study, ground water from the greater Phoenix Metropolitan area was tested for the presence of N. fowleri using a nested polymerase chain reaction approach. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA sequences of bacterial populations in the ground water were performed to examine the potential link between the presence of N. fowleri and bacterial groups inhabiting water wells. The results showed the presence of N. fowleri in five out of six wells sampled and in 26.6% of all ground water samples tested. Phylogenetic analyses showed that beta- and gamma-proteobacteria were the dominant bacterial populations present in the ground water. Bacterial community analyses revealed a very diverse community structure in ground water samples testing positive for N. fowleri. C1 [Laseke, Ian; Lamendella, Regina; Oerther, Daniel B.] Univ Cincinnati, Dep Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Korte, Jill] US EPA, Drinking Water Sect, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kaneshiro, Edna S.; Oerther, Daniel B.] Univ Cincinnati, Dep Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Marciano-Cabral, Francine] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Dep Microbiol & Immunol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Oerther, DB (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dep Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM daniel.oerther@uc.edu RI Oerther, Daniel/H-6543-2014 OI Oerther, Daniel/0000-0002-6724-3205 FU US EPA [PR-OH-03-00572] FX The authors thank Greater Cincinnati Water Works and Dr. Jorge Santodomingo. Funding was provided by the US EPA (PR-OH-03-00572) to DBO. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 39 IS 1 BP 147 EP 153 DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0062 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 543LO UT WOS:000273579300015 PM 20048302 ER PT J AU Chuang, JC Van Emon, JM Tefft, ME Wilson, NK AF Chuang, Jane C. Van Emon, Jeanette M. Tefft, Margaret E. Wilson, Nancy K. TI Application of a permethrin immunosorbent assay method to residential soil and dust samples SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Human exposure; cis-permethrin; trans-permethrin; immunoassay; ELISA; soil; dust ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; IMMUNOASSAY; METABOLITES; PESTICIDES; PREGNANCY; COHORT AB A low-cost, high throughput bioanalytical screening method was developed for monitoring cis/trans-permethrin in dust and soil samples. The method consisted of a simple sample preparation procedure [sonication with dichloromethane followed by a solvent exchange into methanol:water (1:1)] with bioanalytical detection using a magnetic particle enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative recoveries (83-126 %) of cis/trans-permethrin were obtained for spiked soil and dust samples. The percent difference of duplicate ELISA analyses was within +/- 20 % for standards and +/- 35 % for samples. Similar sample preparation procedures were used for the conventional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis except that additional cleanup steps were required. Recoveries of cis/trans-permethrin ranged from 81 to 108 % for spiked soil and dust samples by GC/MS. The ELISA-derived permethrin concentrations were highly correlated with the GC/MS-derived sum of cis/trans-permethrin concentrations with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.986. The ELISA method provided a rapid qualitative screen for cis/trans-permethrin in soil and dust while providing a higher sample throughput with a lower cost as compared to the GC/MS method. The ELISA can be applied as a complementary, low-cost screening tool to prioritize and rank samples prior to instrumental analysis for exposure studies. C1 [Chuang, Jane C.; Tefft, Margaret E.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Van Emon, Jeanette M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Wilson, Nancy K.] Battelle Mem Inst, Durham, NC USA. RP Chuang, JC (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. EM chuangj@battelle.org FU United States Environmental Protection Agency [68D99-011]; STAR Grant [R829363] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency funded the research described here under Contract # 68D99-011 and STAR Grant R829363 to Battelle. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names and commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2010 VL 45 IS 6 BP 516 EP 523 AR PII 923277802 DI 10.1080/03601234.2010.493479 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 615GA UT WOS:000279121100004 PM 20574872 ER PT J AU Chiu, A Shi, XL Lee, WKP Hill, R Wakeman, TP Katz, A Xu, B Dalal, NS Robertson, JD Chen, C Chiu, N Donehower, L AF Chiu, A. Shi, X. L. Lee, W. K. P. Hill, R. Wakeman, T. P. Katz, A. Xu, B. Dalal, N. S. Robertson, J. D. Chen, C. Chiu, N. Donehower, L. TI Review of Chromium (VI) Apoptosis, Cell-Cycle-Arrest, and Carcinogenesis SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART C-ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE chloride intracellular channel carrier; tetravalent chromium; pentavalent chromium; apoptosis; senescence; somatic recombination; genomic plasticity ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; S-PHASE CHECKPOINT; INDUCED DNA-DAMAGE; MITOCHONDRIAL-MEMBRANE PERMEABILIZATION; ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; FENTON-LIKE REACTION; P53 TARGET GENES; WHOLE LIVE MICE; WING SPOT-TEST; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE AB Hexavalent chromium combines with glutathione in chloride intracellular channel carrier to form tetravalent and pentavalent chromium in plasma and organelle membranes. It also combines with NADH/NADPH to form pentavalent chromium in mitochondria. Tetravalent- and pentavalent- chromium (directly and indirectly) mediated DNA double strand breaks activate DNA damage signaling sensors: DNA-dependent-protein-kinase signals p53-dependent intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis, and ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated and ataxia-telangiectasia-Rad3-related signal cell-arrest for DNA repair. Tetravalent chromium may be the most potent species since it causes DNA breaks and somatic recombination, but not apoptosis. Upon further failure of apoptosis and senescence/DNA-repair, damaged cells may become immortal with loss-of-heterozygosity and genetic plasticity. C1 [Chiu, A.; Chen, C.] US EPA, Quantitat Risks Method Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Shi, X. L.] Univ Kentucky, Grad Ctr Toxicol, Markey Canc Ctr, Lexington, KY USA. [Lee, W. K. P.; Hill, R.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Microbiol, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Wakeman, T. P.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Katz, A.] Illinois State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Normal, IL 61761 USA. [Xu, B.] Methodist Hosp, Res Inst, Dept Radiat Oncol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Dalal, N. S.] Florida State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Magnet Resonance, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Robertson, J. D.] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol Toxicol & Therapeut, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. [Chiu, N.] US EPA, Off Sci & Technol, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Donehower, L.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol Res Interests, Houston, TX USA. RP Chiu, A (reprint author), US EPA, Quantitat Risks Method Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Mail Code 8623P,1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Chiu.Arthur@epa.gov RI Shi, Xianglin/B-8588-2012; Hill, Richard/F-4875-2012; OI Hill, Richard/0000-0003-0394-6048 FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA116697, 1R01CA116697, R01 CA116697-05] NR 134 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1059-0501 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL C JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Pt. C-Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev. PY 2010 VL 28 IS 3 BP 188 EP 230 AR PII 927101365 DI 10.1080/10590501.2010.504980 PG 43 WC Oncology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Oncology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 652RD UT WOS:000282026700003 PM 20859824 ER PT J AU Chen, KF Kao, CM Chen, CW Surampalli, RY Lee, MS AF Chen, Ku-Fan Kao, Chih-Ming Chen, Chiu-Wen Surampalli, Rao Y. Lee, Mu-Sheng TI Control of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater by intrinsic and enhanced bioremediation SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th IWA International Specialist Conference on Diffuse Pollution and Integrated Watershed Management CY OCT 12-15, 2009 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Water Assoc DE petroleum hydrocarbon; groundwater; natural attenuation; intrinsic bioremediation ID MONITORED NATURAL ATTENUATION; SPILL SITE; PLUME; MTBE AB In the first phase of this study, the effectiveness of intrinsic bioremediation on the containment of petroleum hydrocarbons was evaluated at a gasoline spill site. Evidences of the occurrence of intrinsic bioremediation within the BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) plume included (1) decreased BTEX concentrations; (2) depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate, and sulfate; (3) production of dissolved ferrous iron, methane, and CO2; (4) deceased pH and redox potential; and (5) increased methanogens, total heterotrophs, and total anaerobes, especially within the highly contaminated areas. In the second phase of this study, enhanced aerobic bioremediation process was applied at site to enhance the BTEX decay rates. Air was injected into the subsurface near the mid-plume area to biostimulate the naturally occurring microorganisms for BTEX biodegradation. Field results showed that enhanced bioremediation process caused the change of BTEX removal mechanisms from anaerobic biodegradation inside the plume to aerobic biodegradation. This variation could be confirmed by the following field observations inside the plume due to the enhanced aerobic bioremediation process: (1) increased in DO, CO2, redox potential, nitrate, and sulfate, (2) decreased in dissolved ferrous iron, sulfide, and methane, (3) increased total heterotrophs and decreased total anaerobes. Field results also showed that the percentage of total BTEX removal increased from 92% to 99%, and the calculated total BTEX first-order natural attenuation rates increased from 0.0092% to 0.0188% per day, respectively, after the application of enhanced bioremediation system from the spill area to the downgradient area (located approximately 300 m from the source area). C1 [Kao, Chih-Ming] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Environm Engn, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Chen, Ku-Fan] Natl Chi Nan Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Taipei, Taiwan. [Chen, Chiu-Wen] Natl Kaohsiung Marine Univ, Dept Marine Environm Engn, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Surampalli, Rao Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS USA. [Lee, Mu-Sheng] Kaohsiung City Govt, Environm Protect Bur, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. RP Kao, CM (reprint author), Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Environm Engn, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. EM jkao@mail.nsysu.edu.tw NR 20 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 21 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1001-0742 EI 1878-7320 J9 J ENVIRON SCI-CHINA JI J. Environ. Sci. PY 2010 VL 22 IS 6 BP 864 EP 871 DI 10.1016/S1001-0742(09)60190-X PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 611QF UT WOS:000278834400012 PM 20923098 ER PT J AU Lorber, M Angerer, J Koch, HM AF Lorber, Matthew Angerer, Juergen Koch, Holger M. TI A simple pharmacokinetic model to characterize exposure of Americans to Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE phthalates; PBPK modeling; exposure modeling ID DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE DEHP; INTERNAL EXPOSURE; HUMAN URINE; METABOLITES; POPULATION; BIOMARKERS; FETAL; DISPOSITION; CHILDREN; UPDATE AB A simple pharmacokinetic model to predict concentrations of metabolites of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, DEHP, in humans starting from intakes of DEHP was developed and applied. This model predicts serum and urine concentrations of five DEHP metabolites: MEHP, 5oxo-MEHP, 5OH-MEHP, 5cx-MEPP, and 2cx-MMHP. The model was calibrated using data from an individual who dosed himself with 48.5mg DEHP, and then took blood and urine samples over a 44-h period. The calibrated model was then used in two applications: one on a second set of individuals whose exposure to DEHP was through PVC medical devices in a blood platelet donation procedure, and one on background exposures in the United States (US). Based on 2001/02 NHANES data, median US background urine concentrations of MEHP, 5OH-MEHP, and 5oxo-MEHP are 4.1, 20.1, and 14.0 mg/l, respectively. Creatine and urine volume-correction approaches were used to backcalculate an average daily dose of DEHP in the range of 0.6-2.2 mg/kg per day. A "background cohort" including 8 individuals and 57 complete days of urination were assumed to be exposed to 1.5 mu g/kg per day, spread out in equal doses of 0.3 mu g/kg per day at 0900, 1200, 1500, 1800, and 2100 h. The average predicted urine concentrations were 4.6, 15.9, and 9.4 mu g/l for MEHP, 5OH-MEHP, and 5oxo-MEHP. These are similar, but the two secondary metabolites are slightly lower than medians found in NHANES. This slight difference between the NHANES results and the background simulations could have been due to differences in metabolism between the individual who provided the calibration data (61-year-old Caucasian male) and the general US population. Another explanation evaluated was that urine concentrations further from the time of exposure may have larger disparities between MEHP and the two secondary metabolites as compared with concentrations measured closer to the time of exposure. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2010) 20, 38-53; doi:10.1038/jes.2008.74; published online 7 January 2009 C1 [Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Angerer, Juergen; Koch, Holger M.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, German Social Accid Insurance DGUV, Res Inst Occupat Med BGFA, D-44789 Bochum, Germany. RP Lorber, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM lorber.matthew@epa.gov RI Koch, Holger/B-3277-2011 OI Koch, Holger/0000-0002-8328-2837 NR 37 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 24 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 20 IS 1 BP 38 EP 53 DI 10.1038/jes.2008.74 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 534AM UT WOS:000272867900006 PM 19127283 ER PT J AU Xue, JP McCurdy, T Burke, J Bhaduri, B Liu, C Nutaro, J Patterson, L AF Xue, Jianping McCurdy, Thomas Burke, Janet Bhaduri, Budhendra Liu, Cheng Nutaro, James Patterson, Lauren TI Analyses of school commuting data for exposure modeling purposes SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE air pollution; commuting; near-roadway exposures; residences; schools ID AIR-POLLUTION EXPOSURE; ACTIVE-TRANSPORT; BUSY ROADS; POPULATION; CALIFORNIA; PROXIMITY; ENVIRONMENT; PATTERNS; IMPACTS; DENSITY AB Human exposure models often make the simplifying assumption that school children attend school in the same census tract where they live. This paper analyzes that assumption and provides information on the temporal and spatial distributions associated with school commuting. The data were obtained using Oak Ridge National Laboratory's LandScan USA population distribution model applied to Philadelphia, PA. It is a high-resolution model used to allocate individual school-aged children to both a home and school location, and to devise a minimum-time home-to-school commuting path (called a trace) between the two locations. LandScan relies heavily on Geographic Information System (GIS) data. With respect to school children attending school in their home census tract, the vast majority does not in Philadelphia. Our analyses found that: (1) about 32% of the students walk across two or more census tracts going to school and 40% of them walk across four or more census blocks; and (2) 60% drive across four or more census tracts going to school and 50% drive across 10 or more census blocks. We also find that: (3) using a 5-min commuting time interval F as opposed to the modeled "trace" F results in misclassifying the "actual" path taken in 90% of the census blocks, 70% of the block groups, and 50% of the tracts; (4) a 1-min time interval is needed to reasonably resolve time spent in the various census unit designations; and (5) approximately 50% of both the homes and schools of Philadelphia school children are located within 160m of highly traveled roads, and 64% of the schools are located within 200 m. These findings are very important when modeling school children's exposures, especially, when ascertaining the impacts of near-roadway concentrations on their total daily body burden. As many school children also travel along these streets and roadways to get to school, a majority of children in Philadelphia are in mobile source-dominated locations most of the day. We hypothesize that exposures of school children in Philadelphia to benzene and particulate matter will be much higher than if home and school locations and commuting paths at a 1-min time resolution are not explicitly modeled in an exposure assessment. Undertaking such an assessment will be the topic of a future paper. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2010) 20, 69-78; doi:10.1038/jes.2009.3; published online 25 February 2009 C1 [Xue, Jianping; McCurdy, Thomas; Burke, Janet] US EPA, Div Natl Exposure, Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bhaduri, Budhendra; Liu, Cheng; Nutaro, James; Patterson, Lauren] US DOE, Div Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP McCurdy, T (reprint author), US EPA, Div Natl Exposure, Res Lab, E205-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mccurdy.thomas@epa.gov OI Nutaro, James/0000-0001-7360-2836 FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [DW89921830] FX The LandScan work was done under contract to Oak Ridge National Laboratory through Interagency Agreement #DW89921830 funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Oak Ridge staffs who played an important role in the project include Eddie Bright and Marie Minner. We acknowledge their fine work on obtaining and organizing land use and GIS data in Philadelphia. We greatly acknowledge the fast work by Will Stevens of the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission to provide us with link-specific ADT data in Philadelphia. We also acknowledge the input provided by Dr. Lisa Baxter as part of EPA's internal review process; she sharpened up the focus of our paper. The two anonymous reviewer comments also made us clarify our wording in a number of places, and we appreciate their input. This paper has been subject to Agency review and approved for publication, but does not necessarily constitute an endorsement of our findings. Mention of trade names, commercial products, and organizations does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 10 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 20 IS 1 BP 69 EP 78 DI 10.1038/jes.2009.3 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 534AM UT WOS:000272867900008 PM 19240760 ER PT J AU Baxter, LK Wright, RJ Paciorek, CJ Laden, F Suh, HH Levy, JI AF Baxter, Lisa K. Wright, Rosalind J. Paciorek, Christopher J. Laden, Francine Suh, Helen H. Levy, Jonathan I. TI Effects of exposure measurement error in the analysis of health effects from traffic-related air pollution SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exposure misclassification; exposure measurement error; fine particulate matter; nitrogen dioxide; elemental carbon ID ALLOYED GOLD STANDARD; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; MODELS; DISTANCE; CHILDREN; ADULTS; ASTHMA AB In large epidemiological studies, many researchers use surrogates of air pollution exposure such as geographic information system (GIS)-based characterizations of traffic or simple housing characteristics. It is important to evaluate quantitatively these surrogates against measured pollutant concentrations to determine how their use affects the interpretation of epidemiological study results. In this study, we quantified the implications of using exposure models derived from validation studies, and other alternative surrogate models with varying amounts of measurement error on epidemiological study findings. We compared previously developed multiple regression models characterizing residential indoor nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)), and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations to models with less explanatory power that may be applied in the absence of validation studies. We constructed a hypothetical epidemiological study, under a range of odds ratios, and determined the bias and uncertainty caused by the use of various exposure models predicting residential indoor exposure levels. Our simulations illustrated that exposure models with fairly modest R(2) (0.3 to 0.4 for the previously developed multiple regression models for PM(2.5) and NO(2)) yielded substantial improvements in epidemiological study performance, relative to the application of regression models created in the absence of validation studies or poorer-performing validation study models (e. g., EC). In many studies, models based on validation data may not be possible, so it may be necessary to use a surrogate model with more measurement error. This analysis provides a technique to quantify the implications of applying various exposure models with different degrees of measurement error in epidemiological research. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2010) 20, 101-111; doi:10.1038/jes.2009.5; published online 18 February 2009 C1 [Baxter, Lisa K.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wright, Rosalind J.; Laden, Francine] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Wright, Rosalind J.; Laden, Francine] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Wright, Rosalind J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Dev & Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Paciorek, Christopher J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Laden, Francine; Suh, Helen H.; Levy, Jonathan I.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Laden, Francine] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Baxter, LK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD-E205-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM baxter.lisa@epa.gov RI Levy, Jonathan/A-9102-2008; Levy, Jon/B-4542-2011 OI Levy, Jon/0000-0002-1116-4006 FU Health Effects Institute [HEI 4727-RFA04-5/05-1]; National Institutes of Health [NIH U01 HL072494, NIH R03 ES013988]; National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health [PHS 5 T42 CCT122961-02] FX The author and research were supported by the Health Effects Institute (HEI 4727-RFA04-5/05-1), the National Institutes of Health (NIH U01 HL072494, NIH R03 ES013988), and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (PHS 5 T42 CCT122961-02). We gratefully acknowledge the hospitality of the ACCESS participants, Dr. Jane Clougherty, and Steven Melly from the Department of Environmental Health at Harvard School of Public Health. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 19 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2010 VL 20 IS 1 BP 101 EP 111 DI 10.1038/jes.2009.5 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 534AM UT WOS:000272867900010 PM 19223939 ER PT J AU Yurista, PM Vanderploeg, HA Liebig, JR Cavaletto, JF AF Yurista, P. M. Vanderploeg, H. A. Liebig, J. R. Cavaletto, J. F. TI Lake Michigan Bythotrephes prey consumption estimates for 1994-2003 using a temperature and size corrected bioenergetic model SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Zooplankton; Bythotrephes; Predation; Lake Michigan ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; HARP LAKE; PREDATORY CLADOCERANS; DAPHNIA-MIDDENDORFFIANA; INVERTEBRATE PREDATOR; CEDERSTROEMI; ZOOPLANKTON; LONGIMANUS; ABUNDANCE; INVASION AB Bythotrephes were collected on a regular basis at a 110 m deep reference station in Lake Michigan over a 10-year period 1994-2003. The measured population structure in conjunction with an updated bioenergetic model was used to estimate daily predation demands by Bythotrephes on the zooplankton community. The bioenergetic model incorporated the effect of temperature on growth and respiration and used a scalable size structure to adjust for a dynamic range in size across the season. A general linear model was developed to apply the bioenergetic results to routinely collected field data for estimating predation needs. Daily population consumption needs were estimated to be approximately equal to Bythotrephes standing biomass but varied as a function of water temperature and percent instar composition. At a temperature of 18 degrees C the predation needs of the population were equal to the population biomass. At warmer temperatures (22-24 degrees C) the daily needs were up to 35% above the population biomass. Within and across years the population was variable, while trend lines from the long-term data indicated biomass and predation needs had an initial peak in mid-August followed by a plateau period with a seasonal high peak mid-October. A decrease in the midseason long-term average size structure suggests that Bythotrephes may experience prey limitation during this time period of the year. Over the course of the 10-year period population cycles and peak biomass were fairly stable with no indication of a change in predation needs. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Yurista, P. M.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Vanderploeg, H. A.; Liebig, J. R.; Cavaletto, J. F.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. RP Yurista, PM (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM yurista.peder@epa.gov; henry.vanderploeg@noaa.gov; jim.liebig@noaa.gov; joann.cavaletto@noaa.gov OI Liebig, James/0000-0002-0433-9066 FU U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; Great Lakes Fishery Commission; NOAA Center FX We would like to thank David Miller, Steve Pothoven and MaryAnn Starus for comments on a draft version of this manuscript. We thank Tom Johengen, Gary Fahnenstiel, and Steve Pothoven for helping with zooplankton collections. We would also like to thank Kim Schulz for helpful discussions. The information in this document has been funded in part by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency to P. Yurista and by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission and the NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Research Program "Episodic Events Great Lakes Experiment" grants to H. Vanderploeg. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is GLERL Publication No. 1555. NR 39 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 2010 VL 36 SU 3 SI SI BP 74 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.03.007 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 647XS UT WOS:000281654700009 ER PT J AU Pucheu-Haston, CM Copeland, LB Haykal-Coates, N Ward, MDW AF Pucheu-Haston, Cherie M. Copeland, Lisa B. Haykal-Coates, Najwa Ward, Marsha D. W. TI Maternal respiratory sensitization and gestational allergen exposure does not affect subsequent pup responses to homologous or heterologous allergen SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID I HYPERSENSITIVITY RESPONSE; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; BALB/C MICE; CORD BLOOD; IMMUNIZATION; PREGNANCY; ASTHMA; EXTRACT; UTERO AB Evidence suggests that the predisposition towards atopy begins early in life. Maternal allergy has been associated with an increased risk of the development of allergic disease in offspring. Some studies suggest that the development of childhood atopy may also be influenced by prenatal allergen exposure. In this study, a respiratory allergen exposure model was used to determine the impact of maternal sensitization (with or without additional exposures during pregnancy) on subsequent pup responses to homologous or heterologous allergen. Female BALB/c mice received two intratracheal aspiration (IA) exposures to Metarhizium anisopliae crude antigen (MACA) or Hank's buffered salt solution (HBSS) prior to breeding. Some mice also received three additional exposures during pregnancy. Control mothers did not receive treatment. Young adult offspring received three IA exposures to MACA, house dust mite extract (HDM) or HBSS. Offspring sensitized as young adults to either HDM or MACA developed an airway inflammatory response, including increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid lactate dehydrogenase activity, total protein and total and differential cell counts compared to offspring exposed to HBSS. Increased airway responsiveness to methacholine was observed in pups treated with HDM but not with MACA. Maternal sensitization status (with or without gestational allergen exposure) had no effect on offspring response to either MACA or HDM. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that IA administration of MACA or HDM extract to young adult BALB/c mice induces the development of an inflammatory airway response. In contrast to previous reports, neither maternal sensitization nor gestational allergen exposure could be demonstrated to have a clear effect on offspring sensitization. This discrepancy may be a function of the respiratory sensitization and exposure protocol used in this study, which mimics natural sensitization more closely than do parenteral routes of exposure.