FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Windham-Myers, L
Marvin-DiPasquale, M
Stricker, CA
Agee, JL
Kieu, LH
Kakouros, E
AF Windham-Myers, Lisamarie
Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark
Stricker, Craig A.
Agee, Jennifer L.
Kieu, Le H.
Kakouros, Evangelos
TI Mercury cycling in agricultural and managed wetlands of California, USA:
Experimental evidence of vegetation-driven changes in sediment
biogeochemistry and methylmercury production
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Rhizosphere; Rice; Root; Transpiration; Carbon; Iron
ID FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; YOLO BYPASS; ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS; METHANE
EMISSIONS; METHYLATION; RICE; BIOACCUMULATION; REDUCTION; GROWTH
AB The role of live vegetation in sediment methylmercury (MeHg) production and associated biogeochemistry was examined in three types of agricultural wetlands (domesticated or white rice, wild rice, and fallow fields) and adjacent managed natural wetlands (cattail- and bulrush or tule-dominated) in the Yolo Bypass region of California's Central Valley, USA. During the active growing season for each wetland, a vegetated: de-vegetated paired plot experiment demonstrated that the presence of live plants enhanced microbial rates of mercury methylation by 20 to 669% (median = 280%) compared to de-vegetated plots. Labile carbon exudation by roots appeared to be the primary mechanism by which microbial methylation was enhanced in the presence of vegetation. Pore-water acetate (pw[Ac]) decreased significantly with de-vegetation (63 to 99%) among all wetland types, and within cropped fields, pw[Ac] was correlated with both root density (r = 0.92) and microbial Hg(II) methylation (k(meth.) r = 0.65). Sediment biogeochemical responses to de-vegetation were inconsistent between treatments for "reactive Hg" (Hg(II)(R)), as were reduced sulfur and sulfate reduction rates. Sediment MeHg concentrations in vegetated plots were double those of de-vegetated plots (median = 205%), due in part to enhanced microbial MeHg production in the rhizosphere, and in part to rhizoconcentration via transpiration-driven pore-water transport. Pore-water concentrations of chloride, a conservative tracer, were elevated (median = 22%) in vegetated plots, suggesting that the higher concentrations of other constituents around roots may also be a function of rhizoconcentration rather than microbial activity alone. Elevated pools of amorphous iron (Fe) in vegetated plots indicate that downward redistribution of oxic surface waters through transpiration acts as a stimulant to Fe(III)-reduction through oxidation of Fe (II)pools. These data suggest that vegetation significantly affected rhizosphere biogeochemistry through organic exudation and transpiration-driven concentration of pore-water constituents and oxidation of reduced compounds. While the relative role of vegetation varied among wetland types,.macrophyte activity enhanced MeHg production. 0 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Windham-Myers, Lisamarie; Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark; Agee, Jennifer L.; Kieu, Le H.; Kakouros, Evangelos] US Geol Survey, Western Reg Bur Reg Res, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Windham-Myers, L (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 480, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM lwindham@usgs.gov
FU State Water Resources Control Board [Prop 40]; Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area
land managers
FX The authors wish to thank the State Water Resources Control Board (Prop
40) for financial support, and Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area land managers
for site access and field support, especially the California Department
of Fish and Game (David Feliz, Chris Rocco) and Jack DeWit (DeWit
farms). Review comments from Kristen Manies (USGS), Ken Krauss (USGS),
and 4 anonymous reviewers strongly improved the manuscript. This
publicationbas been approved by the U.S.G.S. Information Product Data
System. We thank Mark Rollog (USGS, Menlo Park) for providing
supplemental analyses of plant tissue carbon and nitrogen concentrations
and isotopic signatures. We thank many field and laboratory technicians
for both initial experimental setup and for continued sampling and
processing during the full year study, including Sherrie Wren, Steven
Quistad, Justin Kanenra, and Kathy Akstin.
NR 36
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 5
U2 56
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2014
VL 484
BP 300
EP 307
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.028
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7VO
UT WOS:000336343600032
PM 23809881
ER
PT J
AU Windham-Myers, L
Marvin-DiPasquale, M
Kakouros, E
Agee, JL
Kieu, LH
Stricker, CA
Fleck, JA
Ackerman, JT
AF Windham-Myers, Lisamarie
Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark
Kakouros, Evangelos
Agee, Jennifer L.
Kieu, Le H.
Stricker, Craig A.
Fleck, Jacob A.
Ackerman, Josh T.
TI Mercury cycling in agricultural and managed wetlands of California, USA:
Seasonal influences of vegetation on mercury methylation, storage, and
transport
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Methylmercury; Rice; Root; Biomass; Bioaccumulation; Litter
ID SACRAMENTO-VALLEY; NORTHERN PINTAILS; YOLO BYPASS; RICE STRAW;
BODY-MASS; PLANTS; SOIL; METHYLMERCURY; DECOMPOSITION; ACCUMULATION
AB Plants are a dominant biologic and physical component of many wetland capable of influencing the internal pools and fluxes of methylmercury (MeHg). To investigate their role with respect to the latter, we examined the changing seasonal roles of vegetation biomass and Hg, C and N composition from May 2007-February 2008 in 3 types of agricultural wetlands (domesticated or white rice, wild rice, and fallow fields), and in adjacent managed natural wetlands dominated by cattail and bulrush (tule). We also determined the impact of vegetation on seasonal microbial Hg methylation rates, and Hg and MeHg export via seasonal storage in vegetation, and biotic consumption of rice seed. Despite a compressed growing season of similar to 3 months, annual net primary productivity (NPP) was greatest in white rice fields and carbon more labile (leaf median C:N ratio = 27). Decay of senescent litter (residue) was correlated with microbial MeHg production in winter among all wetlands. As agricultural biomass accumulated from July to August, THg concentrations declined in leaves but MeHg concentrations remained consistent, such that MeHg pools generally increased with growth. Vegetation provided a small, temporary, but significant storage term for MeHg in agricultural fields when compared with hydrologic export White rice and wild rice seeds reached mean MeHg concentrations of 4.1 and 6.2 ng g(dw)(-1) respectively. In white rice and wild rice fields, seed MeHg concentrations were correlated with root MeHg concentrations (r = 0.90, p < 0.001), suggesting transport of MeHg to seeds from belowground tissues. Given the proportionally elevated concentrations of MeHg in rice seeds, white and wild rice crops may act as a conduit of MeHg into biota, especially waterfowl which forage heavily on rice seeds within the Central Valley of California, USA. Thus, while plant tissues and rhizosphere soils provide temporary storage for MeHg during the growing season, export of MeHg is enhanced post-harvest through increased hydrologic and biotic export. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Windham-Myers, Lisamarie; Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark; Kakouros, Evangelos; Agee, Jennifer L.; Kieu, Le H.] US Geol Survey, Western Reg Bur Reg Res, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Fleck, Jacob A.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Ackerman, Josh T.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
RP Windham-Myers, L (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Reg Bur Reg Res, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 480, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM lwindham@usgs.gov; mmarvin@usgs.gov; kakouros@usgs.gov; jlagee@usgs.gov;
lkieu@usgs.gov; cstricker@usgs.gov; jafleck@usgs.gov; jackerman@usgs.gov
FU State Water Resources Control Board; Yolo Bypass
FX The authors wish to thank the State Water Resources Control Board for
financial support, and land managers of the Yolo Bypass for broad access
and field support, especially the California Department of Fish and Game
(David Feliz) and Jack De Wit of De Wit farms. In addition to initial
reviews by JoAnn Holloway (U.S.G.S.), four anonymous reviewers provided
substantial comments that greatly improved the manuscript. This
publication has been approved by the. We thank Cayce Gulbransen (USGS,
Denver) for plant tissue carbon and nitrogen analyses, as well as Mark
Rollog (USGS, Menlo Park) for providing independent verification of
tissue specific C and N ratios. We thank Allison Lorenzi for providing
supplemental analyses of metal and silicon concentrations through
ICP-AES. We thank many field and laboratory technicians for both initial
experimental set up and for continued sampling and processing during the
1 year study, including Sherrie Wren, Steven Quistad, Justin Kanerva,
and Kathy Akstin. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 56
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 6
U2 58
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2014
VL 484
BP 308
EP 318
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.027
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7VO
UT WOS:000336343600033
PM 23809880
ER
PT J
AU Nilsen, E
Morace, J
AF Nilsen, Elena
Morace, Jennifer
TI Foodweb transfer, sediment transport, and biological impacts of emerging
and legacy organic contaminants in the lower Columbia River, Oregon and
Washington, USA: USGS Contaminants and Habitat (ConHab) Project
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Nilsen, Elena; Morace, Jennifer] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
RP Nilsen, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM enilsen@usgs.gov
RI Nilsen, Elena/I-3579-2016
OI Nilsen, Elena/0000-0002-0104-6321
NR 6
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2014
VL 484
BP 319
EP 321
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.127
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7VO
UT WOS:000336343600034
PM 24063844
ER
PT J
AU Alvarez, D
Perkins, S
Nilsen, E
Morace, J
AF Alvarez, David
Perkins, Stephanie
Nilsen, Elena
Morace, Jennifer
TI Spatial and temporal trends in occurrence of emerging and legacy
contaminants in the Lower Columbia River 2008-2010
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Columbia River; POCIS; SPMD; Temporal; Spatial; Emerging contaminants
ID SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; GREAT-LAKES PRECIPITATION; ORGANIC
CONTAMINANTS; INTEGRATIVE SAMPLER; PERSISTENT; SPMDS; USA
AB The Lower Columbia River in Oregon and Washington, USA, is an important resource for aquatic and terrestrial organisms, agriculture, and commerce. An 86-mile stretch of the river was sampled over a 3 year period in order to determine the spatial and temporal trends in the occurrence and concentration of water-borne organic contaminants. Sampling occurred at 10 sites along this stretch and at 1 site on the Willamette River using the semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) and the polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) passive samplers. Contaminant profiles followed the predicted trends of lower numbers of detections and associated concentrations in the rural areas to higher numbers and concentrations at the more urbanized sites. Industrial chemicals, plasticizers, and PAHs were present at the highest concentrations. Differences in concentrations between sampling periods were related to the amount of rainfall during the sampling period. In general, water concentrations of wastewater-related contaminants decreased and concentrations of legacy contaminants slightly increased with increasing rainfall amounts. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Alvarez, David; Perkins, Stephanie] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Nilsen, Elena; Morace, Jennifer] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
RP Alvarez, D (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM dalvarez@usgs.gov
RI Nilsen, Elena/I-3579-2016
OI Nilsen, Elena/0000-0002-0104-6321
FU USGS Regional and REX-flex funds
FX The authors thank Robert Grove for his assistance in the field as the
boat operator and his extensive knowledge of the Columbia River sites.
We also thank Steve Goodbred, USGS emeritus, for his guidance during the
initial project planning discussions. Funding was provided for this work
by the USGS Regional and REX-flex funds administered by Anne Kinsinger,
Leslie Dierauf, and Nancy Lee. The work presented in this manuscript is
only a portion of the ConHab project. We would like to thank the other
ConHab investigators who participated in forming the scope of this
project: Charles Henny, Jill Jenkins, Reynaldo Patifio, Leticia Torres,
Matt Mesa, Ian Waite, Tim Counihan, Edwin Elias, and Guy Gelfenbaum.
NR 28
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2014
VL 484
BP 322
EP 330
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.128
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7VO
UT WOS:000336343600035
PM 23978701
ER
PT J
AU Counihan, TD
Waite, IR
Nilsen, EB
Hardiman, JM
Elias, E
Gelfenbaum, G
Zaugg, SD
AF Counihan, Timothy D.
Waite, Ian R.
Nilsen, Elena B.
Hardiman, Jill M.
Elias, Edwin
Gelfenbaum, Guy
Zaugg, Steven D.
TI A survey of benthic sediment contaminants in reaches of the Columbia
River Estuary based on channel sedimentation characteristics
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Sediment contaminants; Columbia River Estuary; Hydrodynamic model;
Sediment transport; Survey design
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HUDSON RIVER; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS;
SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; LARGESCALE SUCKERS; EMERGING CONCERN; TRANSPORT;
USA; WASHINGTON; OREGON
AB While previous studies have documented contaminants in fish, sediments, water, and wildlife, few specifics are known about the spatial distribution of contaminants in the Columbia River Estuary (CRE). Our study goal was to characterize sediment contaminant detections and concentrations in reaches of the CRE that were concurrently being sampled to assess contaminants in water, invertebrates, fish, and osprey (Pandion haliaetus) eggs. Our objectives were to develop a survey design based on sedimentation characteristics and then assess whether sediment grain size, total organic carbon (TOC), and contaminant concentrations and detections varied between areas with different sedimentation characteristics. We used a sediment transport model to predict sedimentation characteristics of three 16 km river reaches in the CRE. We then compartmentalized the modeled change in bed mass after a two week simulation to define sampling strata with depositional, stable, or erosional conditions. We collected and analyzed bottom sediments to assess whether substrate composition, organic matter composition, and contaminant concentrations and detections varied among strata within and between the reaches. We observed differences in grain size fractions between strata within and between reaches. We found that the fine sediment fraction was positively correlated with TOC. Contaminant concentrations were statistically different between depositional vs. erosional strata for the industrial compounds, personal care products and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons class (Indus-PCP-PAH). We also observed significant differences between strata in the number of detections of Indus-PCP-PAH (depositional vs. erosional; stable vs. erosional) and for the flame retardants, polychlorinated biphenyls, and pesticides class (depositional vs. erosional, depositional vs. stable). When we estimated mean contaminant concentrations by reach, we observed higher contaminant concentrations in the furthest downstream reach with a decreasing trend in the two upstream reaches. Contaminant survey designs that account for sedimentation characteristics could increase the probability that sampling is allocated to areas likely to be contaminated. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Counihan, Timothy D.; Hardiman, Jill M.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Waite, Ian R.; Nilsen, Elena B.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Elias, Edwin; Gelfenbaum, Guy] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Zaugg, Steven D.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Counihan, TD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 5501-A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM tcounihan@usgs.gov
RI Nilsen, Elena/I-3579-2016
OI Nilsen, Elena/0000-0002-0104-6321
FU USGS Regional; REX-flex funds
FX We would like to acknowledge Glen Holmberg, USGS Western Fisheries
Research Center, and Michael Torresan and Angela Lam in the USGS Menlo
Park Sediment laboratory for technical assistance with this study.
Funding for this study was provided by USGS Regional and REX-flex funds
administered by Anne Kinsinger, Leslie Dierauf, and Nancy Lee. Use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. With deep sadness we note
that our coauthor, Steven D. Zaugg, passed away while this article was
in press.
NR 78
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2014
VL 484
BP 331
EP 343
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.013
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7VO
UT WOS:000336343600036
PM 24703225
ER
PT J
AU Nilsen, E
Zaugg, S
Alvarez, D
Morace, J
Waite, I
Counihan, T
Hardiman, J
Torres, L
Patino, R
Mesa, M
Grove, R
AF Nilsen, Elena
Zaugg, Steven
Alvarez, David
Morace, Jennifer
Waite, Ian
Counihan, Timothy
Hardiman, Jill
Torres, Leticia
Patino, Reynaldo
Mesa, Matthew
Grove, Robert
TI Contaminants of legacy and emerging concern in largescale suckers
(Catostomus macrocheilus) and the foodweb in the lower Columbia River,
Oregon and Washington, USA
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; WASTE-WATER CONTAMINANTS; FLAME
RETARDANTS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; BIOMARKER RESPONSES; TEMPORAL
TRENDS; THYROID-HORMONE; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; NATIONAL
RECONNAISSANCE; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS
AB We investigated occurrence, transport pathways, and effects of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants and other endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in aquatic media and the foodweb in the lower Columbia River. In 2009 and 2010, foodweb sampling at three sites along a gradient of contaminant exposure near Skamania (Washington), Columbia City (Oregon) and Longview (Washington) included water (via passive samplers), bed sediment, invertebrate biomass residing in sediment, a resident fish species (largescale suckers [Catostomus macrocheilus]), and eggs from osprey (Pandion haliaehis). This paper primarily reports fish tissue concentrations. In 2009, composites of fish brain, fillet, liver, stomach, and gonad tissues revealed that overall contaminant concentrations were highest in livers, followed by brain, stomach, gonad, and fillet. Concentrations of halogenated compounds in tissue samples from all three sites ranged from <1 to 400 nanograms per gram of wet tissue. Several chemical classes, including PBDEs, organochlorine pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), were detected at all sites and in nearly all fish tissues sampled. In 2010, only fish livers were sampled and inter-site concentration differences were not as pronounced as in 2009. Chemical concentrations in sediments, fish tissues, and osprey eggs increased moving downstream from Skamania to the urbanized sites near Columbia City and Longview. Numerous organochlorine (OC) pesticides, both banned and currently used, and PBDEs, were present at each site in multiple media and concentrations exceeded environmental quality benchmarks in some cases. Frequently detected OC compounds included hexachlorobenzene, pentachloroanisole, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its degradates, chlorpyrifos, and oxyfluorofen. Biomagnification of BDE47, 100, 153, and 154 occurred in largescale suckers and osprey eggs. Results support the hypothesis that contaminants in the environment lead to bioaccumulation and potential negative effects in multiple levels of the foodweb. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Nilsen, Elena; Morace, Jennifer; Waite, Ian] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Zaugg, Steven] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Alvarez, David] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Counihan, Timothy; Hardiman, Jill; Mesa, Matthew] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Torres, Leticia] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Torres, Leticia; Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Grove, Robert] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
RP Nilsen, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM enilsen@usgs.gov
RI Nilsen, Elena/I-3579-2016
OI Nilsen, Elena/0000-0002-0104-6321
FU USGS Regional; REx-flex funds
FX We wish to thank Chuck Henny, Guy Gelfenbaum, Edwin Elias, Jill Jenkins,
Helena Christiansen, Branden Johnson, Glen Holmberg, Conrad Frost, Lisa
Weiland, Jim Kaiser, Bill MaFarland, Dave Piatt, Kurt Carpenter, Jackie
Olson, Greg Fuhrer, Dar Crammond, John Williams, Steve Winkler, Steve
Sobieszczyk, Alec Maule, Kathy Kuivila, Kathy Conn, Lyndal Johnson,
Carla Stehr, Lori Pillsbury, Kevin Masterson, Mary Lou Soscia, and Mike
Cox for their helpful discussions, field support, and/or technical
project support. Funding for this study was provided by USGS Regional
and REx-flex funds administered by Anne Kinsinger, Leslie Dierauf, and
Nancy Lee. We also thank Jill Jenkins for map creation. This manuscript
was greatly improved by thoughtful input from three peer reviewers.
Cooperating agencies for the Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit are the U.S. Geological Survey, Texas Tech University,
Texas Parks and Wildlife, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. With deep sadness we note
that our coauthor and friend, Steven D. Zaugg, passed away while this
article was in press.
NR 66
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 74
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2014
VL 484
BP 344
EP 352
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.012
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7VO
UT WOS:000336343600037
PM 24462179
ER
PT J
AU Torres, L
Nilsen, E
Grove, R
Patino, R
AF Torres, Leticia
Nilsen, Elena
Grove, Robert
Patino, Reynaldo
TI Health status of Largescale Sucker (Catostomus macrocheilus) collected
along an organic contaminant gradient in the lower Columbia River,
Oregon and Washington, USA
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Teleost; Liver organic contaminants; Tissue histopathology; Columbia
River
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; FLAME RETARDANTS;
DIETARY EXPOSURE; COMMON CARP; LAKE MEAD; FISH; BIOTRANSFORMATION;
PESTICIDES; POLLUTANTS
AB The health of Largescale Sucker (Catostomus macrocheilus) in the lower Columbia River (USA) was evaluated using morphometric and histopathological approaches, and its association with organic contaminants accumulated in liver was evaluated in males. Fish were sampled from three sites along a contaminant gradient In 2009, body length and mass, condition factor, gonadosomatic index, and hematocrit were measured in males and females; liver and gonad tissue were collected from males for histological analyses; and organ composites were analyzed for contaminant content in males. In 2010, additional data were collected for males and females, including external fish condition assessment, histopathologies of spleen, kidney and gill and, for males, liver contaminant content. Multivariate analysis of variance indicated that biological traits in males, but not females, differed among sites in 2009 and 2010. Discriminant function analysis indicated that site-related differences among male populations were relatively small in 2009, but in 2010, when more variables were analyzed, males differed among sites in regards to kidney, spleen, and liver histopathologies and gill parasites. Kidney tubular hyperplasia, liver and spleen macrophage aggregations, and gill parasites were generally more severe in the downstream sites compared to the reference location. The contaminant content of male livers was also generally higher downstream, and the legacy pesticide hexachlorobenzene and flame retardants BDE-47 and BDE-154 were the primary drivers for site discrimination. However, bivariate correlations between biological variables and liver contaminants retained in the discriminant models failed to reveal associations between the two variable sets. In conclusion, whereas certain non-reproductive biological traits and liver contaminant contents of male Largescale Sucker differed according to an upstream-downstream gradient in the lower Columbia River, results from this study did not reveal the specific environmental factors responsible for the differences in health status among fish populations. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Torres, Leticia] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Torres, Leticia] Texas Tech Univ, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Nilsen, Elena] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Grove, Robert] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Tech Univ, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Patino, R (reprint author), Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM reynaldo.patino@ttu.edu
RI Nilsen, Elena/I-3579-2016
OI Nilsen, Elena/0000-0002-0104-6321
FU USGS Regional; REx-flex funds; U.S. Geological Survey, Texas Tech
University, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, The Wildlife Management
Institute; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX James Carr, Matt Mesa, and Helena Christiansen provided useful comments
on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Funding for this study was
provided by USGS Regional and REx-flex funds administered by Anne
Kinsinger, Leslie Dierauf, and Nancy Lee. The Texas Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by the U.S. Geological
Survey, Texas Tech University, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, The
Wildlife Management Institute, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 56
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2014
VL 484
BP 353
EP 364
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.112
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7VO
UT WOS:000336343600038
PM 24041613
ER
PT J
AU Jenkins, JA
Olivier, HM
Draugelis-Dale, RO
Eilts, BE
Torres, L
Patino, R
Nilsen, E
Goodbred, SL
AF Jenkins, J. A.
Olivier, H. M.
Draugelis-Dale, R. O.
Eilts, B. E.
Torres, L.
Patino, R.
Nilsen, E.
Goodbred, S. L.
TI Assessing reproductive and endocrine parameters in male largescale
suckers (Catostomus macrocheilus) along a contaminant gradient in the
lower Columbia River, USA
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA fragmentation; Sperm; Motility; Apoptosis; Thyroid hormones; Flow
cytometry
ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; ASSISTED
SPERM ANALYSIS; MEDAKA ORYZIAS-LATIPES; DIPHENYL ETHER; IN-VITRO;
NATURAL-POPULATIONS; GONADAL DEVELOPMENT; DIETARY EXPOSURE;
THYROID-HORMONE
AB Persistent organochlorine pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are stable, bioaccumulative, and widely found in the environment, wildlife, and the human population. To explore the hypothesis that reproduction in male fish is associated with environmental exposures in the lower Columbia River (LCR), reproductive and endocrine parameters were studied in male resident, non-anadromous largescale sucker (Catostomus macrocheilus) (LSS) in the same habitats as anadromous salmonids having conservation status. Testes, thyroid tissue and plasma collected in 2010 from Longview (LV), Columbia City (CC), and Skamania (SK; reference) were studied. Sperm morphologies and thyrocyte heights were measured by light microscopy, sperm motilities by computer-assisted sperm motion analysis, sperm adenosine triphosphate (ATP) with luciferase, and plasma vitellogenin (VTG), thyroxine (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3) by immunoassay. Sperm apoptosis, viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, nuclear DNA fragmentation, and reproductive stage were measured by flow cytometry. Sperm quality parameters (except counts) and VTG were significantly different among sites, with correlations between VTG and 7 sperm parameters. Thyrocyte heights, T4,13, gonadosomatic index and Fulton's condition factor differed among sites, but not significantly. Sperm quality was significantly lower and VTG higher where liver contaminants and water estrogen equivalents were highest (LV site). Total PCBs (specifically PCB-138, -146, -151, -170, -174, -177, -180, -183, -187, -194, and -206) and total PBDEs (specifically BDE-47, -100, -153, and -154) were negatively correlated with sperm motility. PCB-206 and BDE-154 were positively correlated with DNA fragmentation, and pentachloroanisole and vrc were positively correlated
C1 [Jenkins, J. A.; Olivier, H. M.; Draugelis-Dale, R. O.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, IA 70506 USA.
[Eilts, B. E.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Baton Rouge, IA 70803 USA.
[Torres, L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Torres, L.] Texas Tech Univ, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, R.] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, R.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, R.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Nilsen, E.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Goodbred, S. L.] US Geol Survey Emeritus, High Point, NC 27262 USA.
RP Jenkins, JA (reprint author), USGS, NWRC, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM jenkinsj@usgs.gov
RI Eilts, Bruce/J-3739-2014; Nilsen, Elena/I-3579-2016
OI Eilts, Bruce/0000-0003-1087-0328; Nilsen, Elena/0000-0002-0104-6321
FU USGS Regional; Rex-flex funds; U.S. Geological Survey, Texas Tech
University, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX Funding for this study was provided by USGS Regional and Rex-flex funds.
The authors thank N. Trahan of Science Publishing Network, USGS for the
map, and L Johnson, NOAA Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science
Center, Seattle, WA for technical information on local fish. M. Holder
and T. Smoak are thanked for work on Appendix A. N. Denslow is thanked
for the VTG analysis. D. McKenzie of the Dept. of Biological Sciences
and S. Jaques of the Endocrine Diagnostic Laboratory of the Texas
Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory at Texas A & M University are
thanked for their help on thyroid hormone analysis. The Texas
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit are jointly supported by the
U.S. Geological Survey, Texas Tech University, Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and The Wildlife Management
Institute. E. Furlong (USGS) and two anonymous journal reviewers are
thanked for critical reviews. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. government.
NR 96
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2014
VL 484
BP 365
EP 378
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.097
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7VO
UT WOS:000336343600039
PM 24182618
ER
PT J
AU Christiansen, HE
Mehinto, AC
Yu, FH
Perry, RW
Denslow, ND
Maule, AG
Mesa, MG
AF Christiansen, Helena E.
Mehinto, Alvine C.
Yu, Fahong
Perry, Russell W.
Denslow, Nancy D.
Maule, Alec G.
Mesa, Matthew G.
TI Correlation of gene expression and contaminant concentrations in wild
largescale suckers: A field-based study
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Largescale sucker; Columbia River; Contaminants; Microarray;
Polychlorinated biphenyls; Polybrominated biphenyl ethers
ID LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER; STURGEON ACIPENSER-TRANSMONTANUS; FLOUNDER
PLATICHTHYS-FLESUS; MINK MUSTELA-VISON; MINNOWS PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS;
JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; WHITE STURGEON;
MODEL TOXICANTS; FATHEAD MINNOWS
AB Toxic compounds such as organochlorine pesticides (OCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants (PBDEs) have been detected in fish, birds, and aquatic mammals that live in the Columbia River or use food resources from within the river. We developed a custom microarray for largescale suckers (Catostomus macrocheilus) and used it to investigate the molecular effects of contaminant exposure on wild fish in the Columbia River. Using Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) we identified 72 probes representing 69 unique genes with expression patterns that correlated with hepatic tissue levels of OCs, PCBs, or PBDEs. These genes were involved in many biological processes previously shown to respond to contaminant exposure, including drug and lipid metabolism, apoptosis, cellular transport, oxidative stress, and cellular chaperone function. The relation between gene expression and contaminant concentration suggests that these genes may respond to environmental contaminant exposure and are promising candidates for further field and laboratory studies to develop biomarkers for monitoring exposure of wild fish to contaminant mixtures found in the Columbia River Basin. The array developed in this study could also be a useful tool for studies involving endangered sucker species and other sucker species used in contaminant research. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Christiansen, Helena E.; Perry, Russell W.; Maule, Alec G.; Mesa, Matthew G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Mehinto, Alvine C.; Denslow, Nancy D.] Univ Florida, Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, Dept Physiol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Yu, Fahong] Interdisciplinary Ctr Biotechnol Res, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
RP Christiansen, HE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM hchristiansen@usgs.gov; alvinam@sccwrp.org; fyu@ufl.edu;
rperry@usgs.gov; ndenslow@ufl.edu; amaule@usgs.gov; mmesa@usgs.gov
FU USGS Regional; REX-flex funds
FX We thank the CR ConHab group, including Elena Nilsen, Jennifer Morace,
and Ian Waite from the Oregon Water Science Center, Chuck Henny and Bob
Grove from the Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Dave
Alvarez from the Columbia Environmental Science Center, Tim Counihan
from the Columbia River Research Laboratory, Guy Gelfenbaum and Edwin
Elias from the Geology Division in Menlo Park, Reynaldo Patifio and
Leticia Torres from the Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit in Lubbock, and Jill Jenkins from the National Wetlands Research
Center; and Conrad Frost, Brady Allen, Lisa Gee, Glen Holmberg, and Lisa
Weiland of the CRRL for their help in the field and John Plumb for
assistance with statistical analyses. We also thank Savita Shanker from
the ICBR for performing DNA sequencing and Melinda Prucha and Kevin
Kroll from University of Florida for their technical assistance during
microarray development. Funding was provided for the CR ConHab project
by USGS Regional and REX-flex funds administered by Anne Kinsinger,
Leslie Dierauf, and Nancy Lee. The authors declare no competing
financial interest. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement
by the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 60
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 4
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2014
VL 484
BP 379
EP 389
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.034
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7VO
UT WOS:000336343600040
PM 24050789
ER
PT J
AU Koracin, D
Dorman, CE
Lewis, JM
Hudson, JG
Wilcox, EM
Torregrosa, A
AF Koracin, Darko
Dorman, Clive E.
Lewis, John M.
Hudson, James G.
Wilcox, Eric M.
Torregrosa, Alicia
TI Marine fog: A review
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE Marine fog; Review
ID CALIFORNIA REDWOOD FOREST; LOW STRATUS DETECTION; YAMADA LEVEL-3 MODEL;
SEMPERVIRENS D. DON; YORK-CITY REGION; RADIATION-FOG; SEA FOG;
CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT; SEQUOIA-SEMPERVIRENS
AB The objective of this review is to discuss physical processes over a wide range of spatial scales that govern the formation, evolution, and dissipation of marine fog. We consider marine fog as the collective combination of fog over the open sea along with coastal sea fog and coastal land fog. The review includes a history of sea fog research, field programs, forecasting methods, and detection of sea fog via satellite observations where similarity in radiative properties of fog top and the underlying sea induce further complexity. The main thrust of the study is to provide insight into causality of fog including its initiation, maintenance, and destruction. The interplay between the various physical processes behind the several stages of marine fog is among the most challenging aspects of the problem. An effort is made to identify this interplay between processes that include the microphysics of fog formation and maintenance, the influence of large-scale circulations and precipitation/clouds, radiation, turbulence (air-sea interaction), and advection. The environmental impact of marine fog is also addressed. The study concludes with an assessment of our current knowledge of the phenomenon, our principal areas of ignorance, and future lines of research that hold promise for advances in our understanding. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Koracin, Darko; Lewis, John M.; Hudson, James G.; Wilcox, Eric M.] Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Koracin, Darko] Univ Split, Split, Croatia.
[Dorman, Clive E.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA USA.
[Lewis, John M.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Torregrosa, Alicia] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Koracin, D (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
EM Darko.Koracin@DRI.edu
OI Torregrosa, Alicia/0000-0001-7361-2241
FU Naval Research [N00014-00-1-0524]; NASA UCSD [20053743, DOE ASR
DE-SC0009162]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [2861]; California
Landscape Conservation Collaborative
FX Two of the authors (Koracin and Lewis) acknowledge support from the
office of Naval Research grant N00014-00-1-0524. Funding for this
project was partially provided by NASA UCSD contract 20053743 (Dorman),
DOE ASR DE-SC0009162 (Hudson), and (Torregrosa) US Geological Survey
Climate and Landuse Change Program, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
Grant #2861, and California Landscape Conservation Collaborative. We
also want to express our gratitude to the late Professor Dale Leipper, a
protege of Harald Sverdrup at Scripps in the late 1940s-early 1950s, who
was an inspiration to those of us who had the privilege of working with
him. All authors are grateful to Mr. Travis McCord of the Desert
Research Institute for his thorough editorial efforts.
NR 251
TC 15
Z9 18
U1 15
U2 80
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
EI 1873-2895
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD JUN 15
PY 2014
VL 143
BP 142
EP 175
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.12.012
PG 34
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AH4OY
UT WOS:000336109100013
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, QL
Standish, I
Winters, AD
Puzach, C
Ulferts, R
Ziebuhr, J
Faisal, M
AF Zhang, Qingli
Standish, Isaac
Winters, Andrew D.
Puzach, Corey
Ulferts, Rachel
Ziebuhr, John
Faisal, Mohamed
TI Development and evaluation of reverse transcription loop-mediated
isothermal amplification assay for the detection of the fathead minnow
nidovirus
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fathead minnow nidovirus; Reverse transcription loop-mediated;
isothermal amplification; Real-time; Quantitative RT-LAMP; Calcein
ID RAPID DETECTION; SENSITIVE DETECTION; FEVER VIRUS; LAMP; NOROVIRUSES;
REOVIRUS
AB Fathead minnow nidovirus (FHMNV) is a serious baitfish-pathogenic virus in North America. Studies to trace the spread of the virus and determine its host range are hampered by the absence of reliable diagnostic assays. In this study, a one-step, reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed that targets a region in the FHMNV spike protein gene. The assay was optimized, and the best results were obtained at 8 mM of Mg2+ with an incubation time of 40 min at 63 degrees C in the presence of calcein. The analytical sensitivity of the RT-LAMP method was estimated to be as low as 5 viral copies and was 1000-fold more sensitive than the conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the developed RT-LAMP assay versus the RT-PCR assay was 100% and 95.7%, respectively. A quantitative RT-LAMP of FHMNV with a high correlation coefficient (r(2) = 0.9926) was also developed and the result of quantitation of viral copies in tissue samples of infected fish showed that the viral loads of the infected fish tissue samples reached up to 4.7 Chi 10(10) copies per mg. It is anticipated that the developed RT-LAMP and quantitative RT-LAMP methods will be instrumental for diagnosis and surveillance of FHMNV. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Qingli] Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Yellow Sea Fisheries Res Inst, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Qingli; Standish, Isaac; Winters, Andrew D.; Faisal, Mohamed] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Diagnost Invest, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Winters, Andrew D.; Faisal, Mohamed] Michigan State Univ, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Puzach, Corey] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, La Crosse Fish Hlth Lab, Onalaska, WI 54650 USA.
[Ulferts, Rachel; Ziebuhr, John] Queens Univ Belfast, Ctr Infect & Immun, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Ziebuhr, John] Univ Giessen, Inst Med Virol, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
RP Faisal, M (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Diagnost Invest, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM faisal@cvm.msu.edu
FU State Scholarship Fund from the China Scholarship Council (Beijing, The
People's Republic of China); United States Fish and Wildlife Service
(USFWS) [USFVVS F12AP00632]
FX The authors would like to thank Michelle R. Gunn and Elena V. Millard
for their excellent help. The authors also thank Mr. Daniel Bjorklund
for editing the figures. This work was supported by the State
Scholarship Fund from the China Scholarship Council (Beijing, The
People's Republic of China) for QZ and a grant from the United States
Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) (Grant No. USFVVS F12AP00632) for MF.
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-0934
EI 1879-0984
J9 J VIROL METHODS
JI J. Virol. Methods
PD JUN 15
PY 2014
VL 202
BP 39
EP 45
DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.02.018
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Virology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Virology
GA AG7TQ
UT WOS:000335622100008
PM 24594288
ER
PT J
AU Pierce, AA
de Roode, JC
Altizer, S
Bartel, RA
AF Pierce, Amanda A.
de Roode, Jacobus C.
Altizer, Sonia
Bartel, Rebecca A.
TI Extreme Heterogeneity in Parasitism Despite Low Population Genetic
Structure among Monarch Butterflies Inhabiting the Hawaiian Islands
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID DANAUS-PLEXIPPUS L; OPHRYOCYSTIS-ELEKTROSCIRRHA; PROTOZOAN PARASITE;
INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; HOST-RESISTANCE; DYNAMICS; MIGRATION; PATHOGEN;
DIFFERENTIATION; LEPIDOPTERA
AB Host movement and spatial structure can strongly influence the ecology and evolution of infectious diseases, with limited host movement potentially leading to high spatial heterogeneity in infection. Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) are best known for undertaking a spectacular long-distance migration in eastern North America; however, they also form non-migratory populations that breed year-round in milder climates such as Hawaii and other tropical locations. Prior work showed an inverse relationship between monarch migratory propensity and the prevalence of the protozoan parasite, Ophryocystis elektroscirrha. Here, we sampled monarchs from replicate sites within each of four Hawaiian Islands to ask whether these populations show consistently high prevalence of the protozoan parasite as seen for monarchs from several other non-migratory populations. Counter to our predictions, we observed striking spatial heterogeneity in parasite prevalence, with infection rates per site ranging from 4-85%. We next used microsatellite markers to ask whether the observed variation in infection might be explained by limited host movement and spatial sub-structuring among sites. Our results showed that monarchs across the Hawaiian Islands form one admixed population, supporting high gene flow among sites. Moreover, measures of individual-level genetic diversity did not predict host infection status, as might be expected if more inbred hosts harbored higher parasite loads. These results suggest that other factors such as landscape-level environmental variation or colonization-extinction processes might instead cause the extreme heterogeneity in monarch butterfly infection observed here.
C1 [Pierce, Amanda A.; de Roode, Jacobus C.] Emory Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Altizer, Sonia; Bartel, Rebecca A.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Bartel, Rebecca A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Red Wolf Recovery Program, Manteo, NC USA.
RP Pierce, AA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM amanda.pierce@emory.edu
OI Pierce, Amanda/0000-0001-9507-0009
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0643831, DEB-1019746]; Ruth L.
Kirschstein National Research Service Award through the National
Institutes of Health (NIH); NIH training grant [5T32AI055404-10]
FX Funding for this project was provided by the National Science Foundation
(grant DEB-0643831 to S.A., grant DEB-1019746 to J.D.R.), a Ruth L.
Kirschstein National Research Service Award through the National
Institutes of Health (NIH) to R.A.B., and the NIH training grant
5T32AI055404-10 (L. Real, PI). The funders had no role in study design,
data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 57
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 80
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUN 13
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 6
AR e100061
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0100061
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AK2VQ
UT WOS:000338278100113
PM 24926796
ER
PT J
AU Steen, V
Skagen, SK
Noon, BR
AF Steen, Valerie
Skagen, Susan K.
Noon, Barry R.
TI Vulnerability of Breeding Waterbirds to Climate Change in the Prairie
Pothole Region, USA
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; NORTH-DAKOTA; GREAT-PLAINS; WETLANDS;
DISTRIBUTIONS; PREDICTION; WATERFOWL; CONSEQUENCES; HABITAT; FUTURE
AB The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of the north-central U.S. and south-central Canada contains millions of small prairie wetlands that provide critical habitat to many migrating and breeding waterbirds. Due to their small size and the relatively dry climate of the region, these wetlands are considered at high risk for negative climate change effects as temperatures increase. To estimate the potential impacts of climate change on breeding waterbirds, we predicted current and future distributions of species common in the PPR using species distribution models (SDMs). We created regional-scale SDMs for the U.S. PPR using Breeding Bird Survey occurrence records for 1971-2011 and wetland, upland, and climate variables. For each species, we predicted current distribution based on climate records for 1981-2000 and projected future distributions to climate scenarios for 2040-2049. Species were projected to, on average, lose almost half their current habitat (-46%). However, individual species projections varied widely, from +8% (Upland Sandpiper) to -100% (Wilson's Snipe). Variable importance ranks indicated that land cover (wetland and upland) variables were generally more important than climate variables in predicting species distributions. However, climate variables were relatively more important during a drought period. Projected distributions of species responses to climate change contracted within current areas of distribution rather than shifting. Given the large variation in species-level impacts, we suggest that climate change mitigation efforts focus on species projected to be the most vulnerable by enacting targeted wetland management, easement acquisition, and restoration efforts.
C1 [Steen, Valerie; Skagen, Susan K.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Steen, Valerie; Noon, Barry R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Steen, Valerie; Noon, Barry R.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Steen, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM valerie.steen@gmail.com
RI Steen, Valerie/P-9913-2016
OI Steen, Valerie/0000-0002-1417-8139
FU U.S. Geological Survey; National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center (NCCWSC); Plains and Prairie Pothole Landscape Cooperative
(PPPLCC)
FX We thank the U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate Change and
Wildlife Science Center (NCCWSC) and the Plains and Prairie Pothole
Landscape Cooperative (PPPLCC) for research funding. The funders had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 48
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 11
U2 66
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUN 13
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 6
AR e96747
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0096747
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AK2VQ
UT WOS:000338278100005
PM 24927165
ER
PT J
AU Gallant, AL
Euliss, NH
Browning, Z
AF Gallant, Alisa L.
Euliss, Ned H., Jr.
Browning, Zac
TI Mapping Large-Area Landscape Suitability for Honey Bees to Assess the
Influence of Land-Use Change on Sustainability of National Pollination
Services
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; THEMATIC ACCURACY; COVER DATA; CONSERVATION
PROGRAMS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; COLONY LOSSES; GREAT-PLAINS; HABITAT LOSS;
WETLANDS; PROJECT
AB Pollination is a critical ecosystem service affected by various drivers of land-use change, such as policies and programs aimed at land resources, market values for crop commodities, local land-management decisions, and shifts in climate. The United States is the world's most active market for pollination services by honey bees, and the Northern Great Plains provide the majority of bee colonies used to meet the Nation's annual pollination needs. Legislation requiring increased production of biofuel crops, increasing commodity prices for crops of little nutritional value for bees in the Northern Great Plains, and reductions in government programs aimed at promoting land conservation are converging to alter the regional landscape in ways that challenge beekeepers to provide adequate numbers of hives for national pollination services. We developed a spatially explicit model that identifies sites with the potential to support large apiaries based on local-scale land-cover requirements for honey bees. We produced maps of potential apiary locations for North Dakota, a leading producer of honey, based on land-cover maps representing (1) an annual time series compiled from existing operational products and (2) a realistic scenario of land change. We found that existing land-cover products lack sufficient local accuracy to monitor actual changes in landscape suitability for honey bees, but our model proved informative for evaluating effects on suitability under scenarios of land change. The scenario we implemented was aligned with current drivers of land-use change in the Northern Great Plains and highlighted the importance of conservation lands in landscapes intensively and extensively managed for crops.
C1 [Gallant, Alisa L.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Euliss, Ned H., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND USA.
[Browning, Zac] Brownings Honey Co Inc, Jamestown, ND USA.
RP Gallant, AL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM gallant@usgs.gov
FU United States Geological Survey; United States Department of
Agriculture, Farm Service Agency; United States Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Conservation
Effects Assessment Project-Wetlands
FX The United States Geological Survey; the United States Department of
Agriculture, Farm Service Agency; and the United States Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Conservation
Effects Assessment Project-Wetlands jointly supported this project.
Other than policy review by the United States Geological Survey and a
general editorial review the authors solicited from a colleague at the
United States Department of Agriculture's Farm Service Agency, the
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 97
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 16
U2 87
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUN 11
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 6
AR e99268
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0099268
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AK7TQ
UT WOS:000338631000070
PM 24919181
ER
PT J
AU Jorgensen, CF
Powell, LA
Lusk, JJ
Bishop, AA
Fontaine, JJ
AF Jorgensen, Christopher F.
Powell, Larkin A.
Lusk, Jeffery J.
Bishop, Andrew A.
Fontaine, Joseph J.
TI Assessing Landscape Constraints on Species Abundance: Does the
Neighborhood Limit Species Response to Local Habitat Conservation
Programs?
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID RING-NECKED PHEASANTS; BREEDING BIRDS; RESERVE-PROGRAM; NEST PREDATORS;
SPATIAL SCALE; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES; WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT;
PHASIANUS-COLCHICUS; CENTRAL ILLINOIS; GRASSLAND BIRDS
AB Landscapes in agricultural systems continue to undergo significant change, and the loss of biodiversity is an ever-increasing threat. Although habitat restoration is beneficial, management actions do not always result in the desired outcome. Managers must understand why management actions fail; yet, past studies have focused on assessing habitat attributes at a single spatial scale, and often fail to consider the importance of ecological mechanisms that act across spatial scales. We located survey sites across southern Nebraska, USA and conducted point counts to estimate Ring-necked Pheasant abundance, an economically important species to the region, while simultaneously quantifying landscape effects using a geographic information system. To identify suitable areas for allocating limited management resources, we assessed land cover relationships to our counts using a Bayesian binomial-Poisson hierarchical model to construct predictive Species Distribution Models of relative abundance. Our results indicated that landscape scale land cover variables severely constrained or, alternatively, facilitated the positive effects of local land management for Ring-necked Pheasants.
C1 [Jorgensen, Christopher F.; Powell, Larkin A.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Jorgensen, Christopher F.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Lusk, Jeffery J.] Nebraska Game & Parks Commiss, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Bishop, Andrew A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Rainwater Basin Joint Venture, Grand Isl, NE USA.
[Fontaine, Joseph J.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Lincoln, NE USA.
RP Jorgensen, CF (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
EM jorgensen.chris@gmail.com
RI Fontaine, Joseph/F-6557-2010
OI Fontaine, Joseph/0000-0002-7639-9156
FU Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration [W-89-R]; U.S. Geological Survey;
Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska; U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX Funding for this project was received from Federal Aid in Wildlife
Restoration projects W-89-R, administered by the Nebraska Game and Parks
Commission. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The Nebraska
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is supported by a
cooperative agreement among the U.S. Geological Survey, the Nebraska
Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska, the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute. The funders had
no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 115
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 39
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUN 11
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 6
AR e99339
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0099339
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AK7TQ
UT WOS:000338631000079
PM 24918779
ER
PT J
AU Blakely, RJ
Sherrod, BL
Weaver, CS
Wells, RE
Rohay, AC
AF Blakely, Richard J.
Sherrod, Brian L.
Weaver, Craig S.
Wells, Ray E.
Rohay, Alan C.
TI The Wallula fault and tectonic framework of south-central Washington, as
interpreted from magnetic and gravity anomalies
SO TECTONOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Yakima fold and thrust belt; Earthquakes; Magnetic anomalies; Gravity
anomalies; Crustal structure
ID OLYMPIC-WALLOWA LINEAMENT; UPPER-CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; LATE CENOZOIC
STRUCTURE; COLUMBIA PLATEAU; UNITED-STATES; PUGET-SOUND; QUATERNARY
FAULTS; STRUCTURE BENEATH; CASCADE RANGE; SEATTLE FAULT
AB The Yakima fold and thrust belt (YFTB) in central Washington has accommodated regional, mostly north-directed, deformation of the Cascadia backarc since prior to emplacement of Miocene flood basalt of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG). The YFTB consists of two structural domains. Northern folds of the YFTB strike eastward and terminate at the western margin of a 20-mGal negative gravity anomaly, the Pasco gravity low, straddling the North American continental margin. Southern folds of the YFTB strike southeastward, form part of the Olympic-Wallowa lineament (OWL), and pass south of the Pasco gravity low as the Wallula fault zone. An upper crustal model based on gravity and magnetic anomalies suggests that the Pasco gravity low is caused in part by an 8-km-deep Tertiary basin, the Pasco sub-basin, abutting the continental margin and concealed beneath CRBG. The Pasco sub-basin is crossed by north-northwest-striking magnetic anomalies caused by dikes of the 8.5 Ma Ice Harbor Member of the CRBG. At their northern end, dikes connect with the eastern terminus of the Saddle Mountains thrust of the YFTB. At their southern end, dikes are disrupted by the Wallula fault zone. The episode of NE-SW extension that promoted Ice Harbor dike injection apparently involved strike-slip displacement on the Saddle Mountains and Wallula faults. The amount of lateral shear on the OWL impacts the level of seismic hazard in the Cascadia region. Ice Harbor dikes, as mapped with aeromagnetic data, are dextrally offset by the Wallula fault zone a total of 6.9 km. Assuming that dike offsets are tectonic in origin, the Wallula fault zone has experienced an average dextral shear of 0.8 mm/y since dike emplacement 8.5 Ma, consistent with right-lateral stream offsets observed at other locations along the OWL Southeastward, the Wallula fault transfers strain to the north-striking Hite fault the possible location of the M 5.7 Milton-Freewater earthquake in 1936. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Blakely, Richard J.; Wells, Ray E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Sherrod, Brian L.; Weaver, Craig S.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Rohay, Alan C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Characterizat & Risk Assessment Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Blakely, RJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 989, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM blakely@usgs.gov
NR 56
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0040-1951
EI 1879-3266
J9 TECTONOPHYSICS
JI Tectonophysics
PD JUN 11
PY 2014
VL 624
SI SI
BP 32
EP 45
DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2013.11.006
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AJ8VA
UT WOS:000337984800005
ER
PT J
AU Moran, P
Bromaghin, JF
Masuda, M
AF Moran, Paul
Bromaghin, Jeffrey F.
Masuda, Michele
TI Use of Genetic Data to Infer Population-Specific Ecological and
Phenotypic Traits from Mixed Aggregations
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER; STOCK; HABITATS; ESTUARY
AB Many applications in ecological genetics involve sampling individuals from a mixture of multiple biological populations and subsequently associating those individuals with the populations from which they arose. Analytical methods that assign individuals to their putative population of origin have utility in both basic and applied research, providing information about population-specific life history and habitat use, ecotoxins, pathogen and parasite loads, and many other non-genetic ecological, or phenotypic traits. Although the question is initially directed at the origin of individuals, in most cases the ultimate desire is to investigate the distribution of some trait among populations. Current practice is to assign individuals to a population of origin and study properties of the trait among individuals within population strata as if they constituted independent samples. It seemed that approach might bias population-specific trait inference. In this study we made trait inferences directly through modeling, bypassing individual assignment. We extended a Bayesian model for population mixture analysis to incorporate parameters for the phenotypic trait and compared its performance to that of individual assignment with a minimum probability threshold for assignment. The Bayesian mixture model outperformed individual assignment under some trait inference conditions. However, by discarding individuals whose origins are most uncertain, the individual assignment method provided a less complex analytical technique whose performance may be adequate for some common trait inference problems. Our results provide specific guidance for method selection under various genetic relationships among populations with different trait distributions.
C1 [Moran, Paul] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Bromaghin, Jeffrey F.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Masuda, Michele] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Ted Stevens Marine Res Inst, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK USA.
RP Moran, P (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM paul.moran@noaa.gov
RI Bromaghin, Jeffrey/B-5058-2009
OI Bromaghin, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7209-9500
FU HPC from the Arctic Region Supercomputing Center; University of Alaska,
Fairbanks; National Marine Fisheries Service; United States Geological
Survey
FX This work was supported in part by a grant of HPC resources from the
Arctic Region Supercomputing Center and the University of Alaska,
Fairbanks. Support also came from National Marine Fisheries Service and
United States Geological Survey. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUN 6
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 6
AR e98470
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0098470
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AP1YS
UT WOS:000341869000032
PM 24905464
ER
PT J
AU Dahal, D
Liu, SG
Oeding, J
AF Dahal, Devendra
Liu, Shuguang
Oeding, Jennifer
TI The Carbon Cycle and Hurricanes in the United States between 1900 and
2011
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID FOREST INVENTORY DATA; TROPICAL CYCLONES; CATASTROPHIC WIND;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; ATLANTIC HURRICANES; TREE MORTALITY; PUERTO-RICO;
IMPACTS; BIOMASS; DISTURBANCE
AB Hurricanes cause severe impacts on forest ecosystems in the United States. These events can substantially alter the carbon biogeochemical cycle at local to regional scales. We selected all tropical storms and more severe events that made U. S. landfall between 1900 and 2011 and used hurricane best track database, a meteorological model (HURRECON), National Land Cover Database (NLCD), U. S. Department of Agirculture Forest Service biomass dataset, and pre- and post-MODIS data to quantify individual event and annual biomass mortality. Our estimates show an average of 18.2 TgC/yr of live biomass mortality for 1900-2011 in the US with strong spatial and inter-annual variability. Results show Hurricane Camille in 1969 caused the highest aboveground biomass mortality with 59.5 TgC. Similarly 1954 had the highest annual mortality with 68.4 TgC attributed to landfalling hurricanes. The results presented are deemed useful to further investigate historical events, and the methods outlined are potentially beneficial to quantify biomass loss in future events.
C1 [Dahal, Devendra; Oeding, Jennifer] SGT Inc, US Geol Survey USGS, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Liu, Shuguang] US Geol Survey USGS, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Liu, SG (reprint author), SGT Inc, US Geol Survey USGS, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM sliu@usgs.gov
FU Land Change Science Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; USGS
[G10PC00044]
FX This research, part of the LandCarbon Project, was funded by the Land
Change Science Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. The authors
greatly thank Shengli Huang, Bhaskar Ramachandran, and Thomas Adamson
for internally reviewing the manuscript. We greatly appreciate Prof.
Emery Boose from Harvard University, who was consulted on the
meteorological model of HURRECON. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. government. Work by SIGT Inc. performed under USGS contract
G10PC00044.
NR 47
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 28
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUN 6
PY 2014
VL 4
AR 5197
DI 10.1038/srep05197
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AI4KW
UT WOS:000336835200003
PM 24903486
ER
PT J
AU Carrasco, SE
Chomel, BB
Gill, VA
Kasten, RW
Maggi, RG
Breitschwerdt, EB
Byrne, BA
Burek-Huntington, KA
Miller, MA
Goldstein, T
Mazet, JAK
AF Carrasco, Sebastian E.
Chomel, Bruno B.
Gill, Verena A.
Kasten, Rickie W.
Maggi, Ricardo G.
Breitschwerdt, Edward B.
Byrne, Barbara A.
Burek-Huntington, Kathleen A.
Miller, Melissa A.
Goldstein, Tracey
Mazet, Jonna A. K.
TI Novel Bartonella infection in northern and southern sea otters (Enhydra
lutris kenyoni and Enhydra lutris nereis)
SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bartonella; Streptococcus bovis/equinus; Vegetative valvular
endocarditis; Northern sea otter; Southern sea otter; Enhydra lutris
ID CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE; STREPTOCOCCUS-BOVIS; LYMPH-NODES; ENDOCARDITIS;
HENSELAE; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGENESIS; POPULATION; PREVALENCE;
PATHOLOGY
AB Since 2002, vegetative valvular endocarditis (VVE), septicemia and meningoencephalitis have contributed to an Unusual Mortality Event (UME) of northern sea otters in southcentral Alaska. Streptococcal organisms were commonly isolated from vegetative lesions and organs from these sea otters. Bartonella infection has also been associated with bacteremia and VVE in terrestrial mammals, but little is known regarding its pathogenic significance in marine mammals. Our study evaluated whether Streptococcus bovis/equinus (SB/E) and Bartonella infections were associated with UME-related disease characterized by WE and septicemia in Alaskan sea otter carcasses recovered 2004-2008. These bacteria were also evaluated in southern sea otters in California. Streptococcus bovis/equinus were cultured from 45% (23/51) of northern sea otter heart valves, and biochemical testing and sequencing identified these isolates as Streptococcus infantarius subsp. coil. One-third of sea otter hearts were co-infected with Bartonella spp. Our analysis demonstrated that SB/E was strongly associated with UME-related disease in northern sea otters (P < 0.001). While Bartonella infection was also detected in 45% (23/51) and 10% (3/30) of heart valves of northern and southern sea otters examined, respectively, it was not associated with disease. Phylogenetic analysis of the Bartonella ITS region allowed detection of two Bartonella species, one novel species closely related to Bartonella spp. JM-1, B. washoensis and Candidatus B. volans and another molecularly identical to B. henselae. Our findings help to elucidate the role of pathogens in northern sea otter mortalities during this UME and suggested that Bartonella spp. is common in sea otters from Alaska and California. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chomel, Bruno B.; Miller, Melissa A.; Goldstein, Tracey; Mazet, Jonna A. K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Hlth Inst 1, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Chomel, Bruno B.; Kasten, Rickie W.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Gill, Verena A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marine Mammals Management, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Maggi, Ricardo G.; Breitschwerdt, Edward B.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Comparat Med & Transit Res, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA.
[Byrne, Barbara A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Burek-Huntington, Kathleen A.] Alaska Vet Pathol Serv, Eagle River, AK 99577 USA.
[Miller, Melissa A.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Marine Wildlife Vet Care & Res Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Carrasco, SE (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 635 Barnhill Dr, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
EM scarrasc@iupui.edu
FU CDC; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
[NA06OAR4310119]; Morris Animal Foundation [D08ZO-046]; Karen C. Drayer
Wildlife Health Center graduate student fellowship; University of
California Davis; NIH [NRSA T32 AI 060519]; Immunology and Infectious
Disease Program at IUSM
FX We wish to acknowledge the personnel from the US Fish and Wildlife
Service (USFWS), Anchorage, Alaska; Alaska SeaLife Center, Seward,
Alaska; and the Marine Wildlife Veterinary Care and Research Center,
California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), Santa Cruz,
California for assistance with sample collection. Carcass collection and
necropsies for northern sea otters were conducted by the USFWS under
MMPA permit # MA041309-1. A special thanks also to Angela Doroff for
helpful information on sea otter biology, Alison Kent (WHC-UC Davis) for
her assistance on mapping locations and Spencer Jang (VMTH-UC Davis) for
microbiological testing and logistics. We also gratefully acknowledge
support from the CDC for the identification of Streptococcus infantarius
subsp. coli isolates. This study was supported under Grant No.
NA06OAR4310119 (Training Tomorrow's Ecosystem and Public Health Leaders
Using Marine Mammals as Sentinels of Oceanic Change) from the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Grant No. D08ZO-046 from
Morris Animal Foundation and the Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center
graduate student fellowship, University of California, Davis. Sebastian
Carrasco was supported by Grant No. NA06OAR4310119 and NIH, NRSA T32 AI
060519, Immunology and Infectious Disease Program at IUSM. The findings
and conclusions in this article are those of the authors(s) and do not
necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1135
EI 1873-2542
J9 VET MICROBIOL
JI Vet. Microbiol.
PD JUN 4
PY 2014
VL 170
IS 3-4
BP 325
EP 334
DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.02.021
PG 10
WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences
GA AG7UP
UT WOS:000335624600016
PM 24629902
ER
PT J
AU Novak, M
Chrastny, V
Cadkova, E
Farkas, J
Bullen, TD
Tylcer, J
Szurmanova, Z
Cron, M
Prechova, E
Curik, J
Stepanova, M
Pasava, J
Erbanova, L
Houskova, M
Puncochar, K
Hellerich, LA
AF Novak, Martin
Chrastny, Vladislav
Cadkova, Eva
Farkas, Juraj
Bullen, Thomas D.
Tylcer, Jiri
Szurmanova, Zdenka
Cron, Marcel
Prechova, Eva
Curik, Jan
Stepanova, Marketa
Pasava, Jan
Erbanova, Lucie
Houskova, Marie
Puncochar, Karel
Hellerich, Lucas A.
TI Common Occurrence of a Positive delta Cr-53 Shift in Central European
Waters Contaminated by Geogenic/Industrial Chromium Relative to Source
Values
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MASS-DEPENDENT FRACTIONATION; WESTERN MOJAVE DESERT; HEXAVALENT
CHROMIUM; CR(VI) REDUCTION; GROUND-WATER; ISOTOPES; CR; ENVIRONMENTS;
ATTENUATION; TRANSPORT
AB Carcinogenic effects of hexavalent chromium in waters are of concern in many countries worldwide. We explored Cr isotope systematics at 11 sites in the Czech Republic and Poland. Geogenic Cr pollution was associated with serpentinite bodies at former convergent plate margins, while anthropogenic Cr pollution resulted from electroplating, tanning, and the chemical industry. Cr(VI) concentration in geogenic waters was less than 40 ppb. Anthropogenic waters contained up to 127,000 ppb Cr(VI). At both geogenic and anthropogenic sites, where known, the source of pollution had a low delta Cr-53 (<1 parts per thousand). delta Cr-53 of geogenic and anthropogenic waters was up to 3.9 and 5.8 parts per thousand, respectively. At both serpentinite-dominated and industrial sites, delta Cr-53(VI)(aq) was shifted toward higher values, compared to the pollution source. At the industrial sites, this positive delta Cr-53 shift was related to Cr(VI) reduction, a process known to fractionate Cr isotopes. At geogenic sites, the origin of high delta Cr-53(VI)(aq) is tentatively ascribed to preferential release of Cr-53 during oxidation of soil Cr(III) and its mobilization to water. delta Cr-53(VI) of industrially contaminated waters was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to delta Cr-53 of waters carrying geogenic Cr(VI), implying that either the effective fractionation factor or process extent was greater for Cr(VI) reduction than for Cr(III) oxidation.
C1 [Novak, Martin; Chrastny, Vladislav; Cadkova, Eva; Farkas, Juraj; Prechova, Eva; Curik, Jan; Stepanova, Marketa; Pasava, Jan; Erbanova, Lucie; Houskova, Marie; Puncochar, Karel] Czech Geol Survey, Div Geochem & Labs, Prague 15200 5, Czech Republic.
[Bullen, Thomas D.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Tylcer, Jiri; Szurmanova, Zdenka; Cron, Marcel] AQD Envitest S Ro, Ostrava 70200, Czech Republic.
[Hellerich, Lucas A.] AECOM, Rocky Hill, CT 06067 USA.
RP Novak, M (reprint author), Czech Geol Survey, Div Geochem & Labs, Prague 15200 5, Czech Republic.
EM martin.novak@geology.cz
FU Technological Agency of the Czech Republic [TA01021055]
FX Technological Agency of the Czech Republic (Grant no. TA01021055 to
M.N.) is thanked for financial support. We thank Ales Kubena for
assistance.
NR 35
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUN 3
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 11
BP 6089
EP 6096
DI 10.1021/es405615h
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI6AK
UT WOS:000336952000006
PM 24779992
ER
PT J
AU Brigham, ME
Sandheinrich, MB
Gay, DA
Maki, RP
Krabbenhoft, DP
Wiener, JG
AF Brigham, Mark E.
Sandheinrich, Mark B.
Gay, David A.
Maki, Ryan P.
Krabbenhoft, David P.
Wiener, James G.
TI Lacustrine Responses to Decreasing Wet Mercury Deposition Rates-Results
from a Case Study in Northern Minnesota
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID VOYAGEURS-NATIONAL-PARK; GREAT-LAKES REGION; YELLOW PERCH; ATMOSPHERIC
DEPOSITION; WATER CHEMISTRY; METHYL MERCURY; METHYLMERCURY; FISH;
ACCUMULATION; PRECIPITATION
AB We present a case study comparing metrics of methylmercury (MeHg) contamination for four undeveloped lakes in Voyageurs National Park to wet atmospheric deposition of mercury (Hg), sulfate (SO4-2), and hydrogen ion (W) in northern Minnesota. Annual wet Hg, SO4-2, and H+ deposition rates at two nearby precipitation monitoring sites indicate considerable decreases from 1998 to 2012 (mean decreases of 32, 48, and 66%, respectively). Consistent with decreases in the atmospheric pollutants, epilimnetic aqueous methylmercury (MeHgaq) and mercury in small yellow perch (Hg-fish) decreased in two of four lakes (mean decreases of 46.5% and 34.5%, respectively, between 2001 and 2012). Counter to decreases in the atmospheric pollutants, MeHgaq increased by 85% in a third lake, whereas Hg-fish increased by 80%. The fourth lake had two disturbances in its watershed during the study period (forest fire; changes in shoreline inundation due to beaver activity); this lake lacked overall trends in MeHgaq and Hg-fish. The diverging responses among the study lakes exemplify the complexity of ecosystem responses to decreased loads of atmospheric pollutants.
C1 [Brigham, Mark E.] US Geol Survey, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA.
[Sandheinrich, Mark B.; Wiener, James G.] Univ Wisconsin, River Studies Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Gay, David A.] Univ Illinois, Illinois State Water Survey, Natl Atmospher Deposit Program, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Maki, Ryan P.] Natl Pk Serv, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
[Krabbenhoft, David P.] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
RP Brigham, ME (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2280 Woodale Dr, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA.
EM mbrigham@usgs.gov
OI Brigham, Mark/0000-0001-7412-6800
FU MPCA; USGS; NPS Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network under Task
Agreement of the Great Lakes-Northern Forest Cooperative Ecosystem
Studies Unit [J2105080012]; Great Lakes Restoration Initiative,
Environmental Protection Agency Project under Task Agreement of the
Great Lakes-Northern Forest Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit [222,
J2105100001, H6000082000]; USGS/NPS Water Quality Partnership;
University of Wisconsin System Distinguished Professors Program; UW-L
Foundation
FX Field work was greatly facilitated by logistical support and data
compilation provided by many individuals. We are particularly thankful
for assistance from Richard Damstra, Joan Elias, Leland Grim, Valena
Hofman, Chris Holbeck, Jaime LeDuc, Jim Schaberl, David VanderMeulen,
Claire Kissane, Ladd Corrin, Brandon Seitz, and Al Kirschbaum (all with
National Park Service); Daniel Helwig, Bruce Monson, Harold Wiegner,
Edward Swain, and others with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency;
and Larry Kallemeyn (retired, USGS). Assistance with the sampling and
analyses of fish was provided by Sean Bailey, Matthew Brantner, Adam
Hyer, John Kalas, Kevin Miller, Kristen Thoreson, and Jeffrey Ziegeweid.
Partial financial support for this study was provided by the MPCA and
the USGS. Sampling of yellow perch was funded by the NPS Great Lakes
Inventory and Monitoring Network under Task Agreement J2105080012 of the
Great Lakes-Northern Forest Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit and by
the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, Environmental Protection Agency
Project Number 222, under Task Agreement J2105100001 of the Great
Lakes-Northern Forest Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit-both under
Cooperative Agreement H6000082000 between the NPS and the University of
Minnesota. The USGS/NPS Water Quality Partnership supported the first
author (MEB), and the University of Wisconsin System Distinguished
Professors Program and UW-L Foundation supported coauthor JGW during the
preparation of this paper. We thank Gregory Wetherbee (USGS) and three
anonymous reviewers for providing constructive comments on earlier
drafts of the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 72
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 32
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUN 3
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 11
BP 6115
EP 6123
DI 10.1021/es500301a
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI6AK
UT WOS:000336952000009
PM 24837007
ER
PT J
AU Rodo, X
Curcoll, R
Robinson, M
Ballester, J
Burns, JC
Cayan, DR
Lipkin, WI
Williams, BL
Couto-Rodriguez, M
Nakamura, Y
Uehara, R
Tanimoto, H
Morgui, JA
AF Rodo, Xavier
Curcoll, Roger
Robinson, Marguerite
Ballester, Joan
Burns, Jane C.
Cayan, Daniel R.
Lipkin, W. Ian
Williams, Brent L.
Couto-Rodriguez, Mara
Nakamura, Yosikazu
Uehara, Ritei
Tanimoto, Hiroshi
Morgui, Josep-Anton
TI Tropospheric winds from northeastern China carry the etiologic agent of
Kawasaki disease from its source to Japan
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE northeastern China source; agriculture; heart disease; FLEXPART; cereal
croplands
ID WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION; ANIMAL-MODEL; CORONARY ARTERITIS;
SUSCEPTIBILITY; DYNAMICS; PERIODS
AB Evidence indicates that the densely cultivated region of northeastern China acts as a source for the wind-borne agent of Kawasaki disease (KD). KD is an acute, coronary artery vasculitis of young children, and still a medical mystery after more than 40 y. We used residence times from simulations with the flexible particle dispersion model to pinpoint the source region for KD. Simulations were generated from locations spanning Japan from days with either high or low KD incidence. The postepidemic interval (1987-2010) and the extreme epidemics (1979, 1982, and 1986) pointed to the same source region. Results suggest a very short incubation period (<24 h) from exposure, thus making an infectious agent unlikely. Sampling campaigns over Japan during the KD season detected major differences in the microbiota of the tropospheric aerosols compared with ground aerosols, with the unexpected finding of the Candida species as the dominant fungus from aloft samples (54% of all fungal strains). These results, consistent with the Candida animal model for KD, provide support for the concept and feasibility of a windborne pathogen. A fungal toxin could be pursued as a possible etiologic agent of KD, consistent with an agricultural source, a short incubation time and synchronized outbreaks. Our study suggests that the causative agent of KD is a preformed toxin or environmental agent rather than an organism requiring replication. We propose a new paradigm whereby an idiosyncratic immune response, influenced by host genetics triggered by an environmental exposure carried on winds, results in the clinical syndrome known as acute KD.
C1 [Rodo, Xavier] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain.
[Rodo, Xavier; Curcoll, Roger; Robinson, Marguerite; Ballester, Joan; Morgui, Josep-Anton] Inst Catala Ciencies Clima, Unitat Dinam & Impacte Climat, Barcelona 08005, Catalonia, Spain.
[Ballester, Joan] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Burns, Jane C.] Rady Childrens Hosp San Diego, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Burns, Jane C.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Lipkin, W. Ian; Williams, Brent L.; Couto-Rodriguez, Mara] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Infect & Immun, New York, NY 10032 USA.
[Nakamura, Yosikazu; Uehara, Ritei] Jichi Med Hosp, Dept Publ Hlth, Togichi 1088639, Japan.
[Tanimoto, Hiroshi] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Global Environm Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
RP Rodo, X (reprint author), Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain.
EM xavier.rodo@ic3.cat
RI Tanimoto, Hiroshi/E-6779-2010; Burns, Jane/J-6167-2015; Ballester,
Joan/E-6627-2017;
OI Tanimoto, Hiroshi/0000-0002-5424-9923; Ballester Claramunt,
Joan/0000-0003-0009-437X
FU La Marato de TV3 Foundation [081910]
FX We thank Emiliano Gelati for the data and preliminary maps of cropland
areas from MODIS. We especially thank the Institut Catala de Ciencies
del Clima Foundation and its administration for its flexibility in the
use of research funds for projects of exceptional interest. Thanks are
also given to the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments.
This study was funded by Kawasaki Disease: Disentangling the Role of
Climate in the Outbreaks Project 081910 from La Marato de TV3 Foundation
2008 (through a grant to X.R.).
NR 31
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 19
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUN 3
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 22
BP 7952
EP 7957
DI 10.1073/pnas.1400380111
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AI2KY
UT WOS:000336687900033
PM 24843117
ER
PT J
AU Sullivan, BW
Smith, WK
Townsend, AR
Nasto, MK
Reed, SC
Chazdon, RL
Cleveland, CC
AF Sullivan, Benjamin W.
Smith, W. Kolby
Townsend, Alan R.
Nasto, Megan K.
Reed, Sasha C.
Chazdon, Robin L.
Cleveland, Cory C.
TI Spatially robust estimates of biological nitrogen (N) fixation imply
substantial human alteration of the tropical N cycle
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive cluster sampling; free-living nitrogen fixation; nitrogen
deposition; symbiotic nitrogen fixation
ID RAIN-FOREST; CENTRAL AMAZONIA; ECOSYSTEMS; DEPOSITION; PATTERNS; LOSSES;
EVOLUTIONARY; CONTEMPORARY; LIMITATION; LEGUMES
AB Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the largest natural source of exogenous nitrogen (N) to unmanaged ecosystems and also the primary baseline against which anthropogenic changes to the N cycle are measured. Rates of BNF in tropical rainforest are thought to be among the highest on Earth, but they are notoriously difficult to quantify and are based on little empirical data. We adapted a sampling strategy from community ecology to generate spatial estimates of symbiotic and free-living BNF in secondary and primary forest sites that span a typical range of tropical forest legume abundance. Although total BNF was higher in secondary than primary forest, overall rates were roughly five times lower than previous estimates for the tropical forest biome. We found strong correlations between symbiotic BNF and legume abundance, but we also show that spatially free-living BNF often exceeds symbiotic inputs. Our results suggest that BNF in tropical forest has been overestimated, and our data are consistent with a recent top-down estimate of global BNF that implied but did not measure low tropical BNF rates. Finally, comparing tropical BNF within the historical area of tropical rainforest with current anthropogenic N inputs indicates that humans have already at least doubled reactive N inputs to the tropical forest biome, a far greater change than previously thought. Because N inputs are increasing faster in the tropics than anywhere on Earth, both the proportion and the effects of human N enrichment are likely to grow in the future.
C1 [Sullivan, Benjamin W.; Smith, W. Kolby; Nasto, Megan K.; Cleveland, Cory C.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Townsend, Alan R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Environm Studies Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Townsend, Alan R.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Reed, Sasha C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
[Chazdon, Robin L.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
RP Sullivan, BW (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM bsully613@gmail.com
OI Smith, William/0000-0002-5785-6489; Chazdon, Robin/0000-0002-7349-5687
FU Andrew W. Mellon Foundation; National Science Foundation [DEB-0919080];
Ecosystems Mission Area of the US Geological Survey; Blue Moon Fund
FX We thank B. Vilchez and E. Ortiz for establishing the chronosequence
plots; M. Lopez-Morales, R. Cole, S. Weintraub, and S. Alvarez-Clare for
assistance in the field; S. Castle, E. Prag, N. Boote, and A. Ginter for
assistance in the laboratory; R. Cole for sharing soil chemical data; J.
Sprent and three anonymous reviewers for comments on our manuscript; and
C. Nelson and D. Affleck for assistance with the stratified adaptive
cluster sampling design. Grants from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation,
the National Science Foundation (Grant DEB-0919080), the Ecosystems
Mission Area of the US Geological Survey, and the Blue Moon Fund
supported this work.
NR 58
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 7
U2 84
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUN 3
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 22
BP 8101
EP 8106
DI 10.1073/pnas.1320646111
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AI2KY
UT WOS:000336687900059
PM 24843146
ER
PT J
AU Hagar, JC
Eskelson, BNI
Haggerty, PK
Nelson, SK
Vesely, DG
AF Hagar, Joan C.
Eskelson, Bianca N. I.
Haggerty, Patricia K.
Nelson, S. Kim
Vesely, David G.
TI Modeling Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) Habitat Using
LiDAR-Derived Canopy Data
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Brachyramphus marmoratus; forest structure; habitat model; LiDAR;
marbled murrelet; remote sensing
ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION; DISCRETE-RETURN LIDAR; FOREST STRUCTURE;
USA; DISTRIBUTIONS; COMPLEXITY; PREDICTION; SELECTION; SURFACE; MAXENT
AB LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) is an emerging remote-sensing tool that can provide fine-scale data describing vertical complexity of vegetation relevant to species that are responsive to forest structure. We used LiDAR data to estimate occupancy probability for the federally threatened marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in the Oregon Coast Range of the United States. Our goal was to address the need identified in the Recovery Plan for a more accurate estimate of the availability of nesting habitat by developing occupancy maps based on refined measures of nest-strand structure. We used murrelet occupancy data collected by the Bureau of Land Management Coos Bay District, and canopy metrics calculated from discrete return airborne LiDAR data, to fit a logistic regression model predicting the probability of occupancy. Our final model for stand-level occupancy included distance to coast, and 5 LiDAR-derived variables describing canopy structure. With an area under the curve value (AUC) of 0.74, this model had acceptable discrimination and fair agreement (Cohen's k = 0.24), especially considering that all sites in our sample were regarded by managers as potential habitat. The LiDAR model provided better discrimination between occupied and unoccupied sites than did a model using variables derived from Gradient Nearest Neighbor maps that were previously reported as important predictors of murrelet occupancy (AUC = 0.64, k = 0.12). We also evaluated LiDAR metrics at 11 known murrelet nest sites. Two LiDAR-derived variables accurately discriminated nest sites from random sites (average AUC = 0.91). LiDAR provided a means of quantifying 3-dimensional canopy structure with variables that are ecologically relevant to murrelet nesting habitat, and have not been as accurately quantified by other mensuration methods. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Hagar, Joan C.; Haggerty, Patricia K.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Eskelson, Bianca N. I.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Nelson, S. Kim] Oregon State Univ, Oregon Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Vesely, David G.] Oregon Wildlife Inst, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA.
RP Hagar, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM joan_hagar@usgs.gov
RI Eskelson, Bianca/P-6095-2016
OI Eskelson, Bianca/0000-0002-3398-2333
FU Oregon State Office of the U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of
Land Management
FX Funding for this study was provided by the Oregon State Office of the
U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management. We thank J.
Guetterman, J. Heaney, and C. Schumacher of the Coos Bay Bureau of Land
Management (BLM) for their patient explanations of BLM survey and data
management protocols. R. Smith of the Oregon Department of Forestry
assisted with interpretation of Elliott State Forest databases. G.
McFadden of the Oregon State Office of the BLM was instrumental in
coordinating our study within a broader framework of federal and state
LiDAR research applied to natural resource management. We thank J. P.
Hollenbeck and 2 anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved
the quality of this manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 2
BP 237
EP 249
DI 10.1002/wsb.407
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9PV
UT WOS:000351431200003
ER
PT J
AU Evans, KO
Burger, LW
Riffell, SK
Smith, MD
Twedt, DJ
Wilson, RR
Vorisek, S
Rideout, C
Heyden, K
AF Evans, Kristine O.
Burger, L. Wes, Jr.
Riffell, Samuel K.
Smith, Mark D.
Twedt, Daniel J.
Wilson, R. Randy
Vorisek, Shawchyi
Rideout, Catherine
Heyden, Kate
TI Avian Response to Conservation Buffers in Agricultural Landscapes During
Winter
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE agricultural landscapes; conservation buffers; conservation programs;
habitat buffers for upland birds; southeast; targeted conservation;
winter birds
ID AGRI-ENVIRONMENT SCHEMES; AMERICAN GRASSLAND BIRDS; SEED-EATING BIRDS;
FARMLAND BIRDS; POPULATION TRENDS; NORTHERN BOBWHITE; UNITED-STATES;
FIELD BORDERS; HABITAT AREA; DENSITY
AB Native herbaceous vegetation cover along row-crop field edges (i.e., field buffers) increases breeding densities of many bird species. However, the effect of field buffers on bird species during the non-breeding season is less understood. We compared density, avian richness, and avian conservation value on row-crop fields containing buffers strategically designed for wildlife versus fields without buffers in 3 southeastern U.S. states during winter 2007 and 2008. Fields with buffers were enrolled in U.S. Department of Agriculture, Conservation Reserve Program practice Habitat Buffers for Upland Birds (CP33), which targets restoration of northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and other upland bird species. Overall species richness did not differ on fields with buffers versus fields without buffers in 2007, but was 29% greater on fields with buffers in 2008. Swamp sparrows (Melospiza georgiana), song sparrows (M. melodia), field sparrows (Spizella pusilla), and red-bellied woodpeckers (Melanerpes carolinus) had greater densities on fields with buffers compared with fields without buffers. Increasing field-buffer width did not result in greater bird densities. Our results suggest a small change in primary land use (approximate to 7%) produced a disproportionate population response by some grassland-dependent and woodland bird species during winter. Because field buffers provide a direct source of winter food and cover resources, they may be a pragmatic means to provide critical non-breeding habitat with little alteration of existing agricultural systems. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Evans, Kristine O.; Burger, L. Wes, Jr.; Riffell, Samuel K.; Smith, Mark D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Twedt, Daniel J.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
[Wilson, R. Randy] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Jackson, MS 39213 USA.
[Vorisek, Shawchyi; Heyden, Kate] Kentucky Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA.
[Rideout, Catherine] Arkansas Game & Fish Commiss, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
RP Evans, KO (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Box 9627, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM kristine@gri.msstate.edu
OI Twedt, Daniel/0000-0003-1223-5045
FU Multistate Conservation Grant Program; Wildlife and Sport Fish
Restoration Program; Department of Wildlife, Fisheries & Aquaculture and
Forest and Wildlife Research Center at Mississippi State University;
Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station
FX The national CP33 monitoring program was funded by the Multistate
Conservation Grant Program (Grants MS M-1T), a program supported with
funds from the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Program and jointly
managed by the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies and the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Farm
Service Agency, and USDA-Natural Resources Conservation
Service-Conservation Effects Assessment Project. Collaborators for the
winter bird monitoring component of the national CP33 monitoring program
included the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, Kentucky Department of
Fish and Wildlife Resources-Kentucky Chapter of The Wildlife Society,
Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks, Southeast
Partners in Flight, U.S. Geological Survey, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service. We especially thank the volunteers who contributed their time
and resources to conduct monitoring. We also thank the Department of
Wildlife, Fisheries & Aquaculture and Forest and Wildlife Research
Center at Mississippi State University, and the Mississippi Agricultural
and Forestry Experiment Station for their support.
NR 62
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 2
BP 257
EP 264
DI 10.1002/wsb.405
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9PV
UT WOS:000351431200005
ER
PT J
AU Sanders, TA
Braun, CE
AF Sanders, Todd A.
Braun, Clait E.
TI Reevaluation of Band-Tailed Pigeon Age Classification Criteria Using
Wing Attributes
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE age classes; age classification; band-tailed pigeon; hunter surveys;
molt; Patagioenas fasciata; technique; wing data
AB Age classification is important in understanding aspects of population productivity and dynamics, and making informed harvest management decisions. Since 1994 the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has, via the Parts Collection Survey, annually collected a wing from a sample of hunter-harvested band-tailed pigeons (Patagioenas fasciata) across the species' range in the United States to estimate productivity over time. Identification of age composition of the harvest depends on a key to quickly and accurately assign pigeons to age classes with as little as a wing from each pigeon. Existing keys for pigeon age classification do not incorporate more recent published information on timing and sequence of post-juvenal molt. We developed a key in 1994 to classify age (juv, subad, ad) of band-tailed pigeons from wings in North America based on earlier published keys (reported to be accurate 97.3%, on average) combined with information subsequently published on timing and sequence of post-juvenal molt. Our key was applied and the examination procedure refined during our annual examining of pigeon wings for the Parts Collection Survey, 1994-2012. We examined all pigeon wings (1/bird) submitted to the Parts Collection Survey. The mean number of wings submitted annually was 494 (range = 114-1,090) from the Pacific Coast population and 79 (range = 3-265) from the Interior population. We examined wings during 1 day each year. Each wing was examined by an initial examiner and final examiner (C. E. Braun). We recorded discrepancies in age classification between examiners during 2005-2012. The mean annual number of discrepancies was 3.1 (SE = 0.3, range = 2-4, n = 8) representing a mean of 1.0% (SE = 0.2, range = 0.4-1.6%) of the total annual sample size. The key has been demonstrated to be accurate and transferable among biologists who have basic training in reading a key and examination of wings (primaries, secondaries, and coverts). Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Sanders, Todd A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
[Braun, Clait E.] Grouse Inc, Tucson, AZ 85750 USA.
RP Sanders, TA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, 911 NE 11th Ave, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
EM todd_sanders@fws.gov
FU U.S. Department of Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of
Migratory Bird Management; Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife
FX Funding and support was provided by the U.S. Department of Interior,
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Migratory Bird Management
throughout 1994-2012; and by the Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife
throughout 1994-1999. Many state, federal, and university biologists
have assisted with data collection over the years. In particular, we
acknowledge the contributions of P. Padding, K. Richkus, and K. Wilkins.
R. Tomlinson was instrumental in encouraging and participating in this
effort as was D. Dolton. We thank D. Dolton for assistance with
photographs of wing attributes. We received helpful suggestions from 3
anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 2
BP 273
EP 278
DI 10.1002/wsb.384
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9PV
UT WOS:000351431200007
ER
PT J
AU Streby, HM
Peterson, SM
Lehman, JA
Kramer, GR
Vernasco, BJ
Andersen, DE
AF Streby, Henry M.
Peterson, Sean M.
Lehman, Justin A.
Kramer, Gunnar R.
Vernasco, Ben J.
Andersen, David E.
TI Do Digestive Contents Confound Body Mass as a Measure of Relative
Condition in Nestling Songbirds?
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE digestive contents; feces; fledgling survival; golden-winged warbler;
nestling mass; stomach contents; Vermivora chrysoptera
ID SPARROWS PASSERCULUS-SANDWICHENSIS; POSTFLEDGING SURVIVAL; FLEDGLING
OVENBIRDS; RADIO TRANSMITTERS; JUVENILE SURVIVAL; EASTERN BLUEBIRDS;
HABITAT SELECTION; URBAN LANDSCAPE; PASSERINE BIRDS; HATCHING DATE
AB Relative nestling condition, typically measured as nestling mass or as an index including nestling mass, is commonly purported to correlate with fledgling songbird survival. However, most studies directly investigating fledgling survival have found no such relationship. We weighed feces and stomach contents of nestling golden-winged warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) to investigate the potential contribution of variation in digestive contents to differences in nestling mass. We estimated that the mass of a seventh-day (near fledging) nestling golden-winged warbler varies by 0.65 g (approx. 9% of mean nestling mass) depending on the contents of the nestling's digestive system at the time of weighing, and that digestive contents are dissimilar among nestlings at any moment the brood is removed from the nest for weighing. Our conservative estimate of within-individual variation in digestive contents equals 72% and 24% of the mean within-brood and population-wide range in nestling mass, respectively. Based on our results, a substantive but typically unknown amount of the variation in body mass among nestlings is confounded by differences in digestive contents. We conclude that short-term variation in digestive contents likely precludes the use of body mass, and therefore any mass-dependent index, as a measure of relative nestling condition or as a predictor of survival in golden-winged warblers and likely in many other songbirds of similar size. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Streby, Henry M.; Peterson, Sean M.; Lehman, Justin A.; Kramer, Gunnar R.; Vernasco, Ben J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Andersen, David E.] US Geol Survey, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Streby, HM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM streby@berkeley.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Minnesota
Department of Natural Resources at the Minnesota Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit [87]
FX These data were collected during a project funded by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, U.S. Geological Survey, and the Minnesota Department
of Natural Resources through Research Work Order no. 87 at the Minnesota
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. We are grateful to W. Ford,
M. McDowell, W. Brininger, J. Loegering, and W. Faber for logistical
support. We thank L. Arnold, S. Barlow, D. Bradshaw, J. Bruggman, R.
Carr, M. Dawson, L. Deets, J. Feura, A. Fish, R. Franta, C. Gesmundo, A.
Jensen, M. Johnson, T. McAllister, D. McNeil, E. Michel, A. Monroe, E.
Pokrivka, R. Poole, A. Rehmann, J. Refsnider, N. Seeger, and E. Sinnot
for assistance with field data collection, J. Refsnider and S. Maher for
comments on early drafts, and H. Mathewson, M. Peterson, and one
anonymous reviewer for helpful comments on the manuscript.
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 2
BP 305
EP 310
DI 10.1002/wsb.406
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9PV
UT WOS:000351431200011
ER
PT J
AU Reed, RN
Snow, RW
AF Reed, Robert N.
Snow, Ray W.
TI Assessing Risks to Humans from Invasive Burmese Pythons in Everglades
National Park, Florida, USA
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Burmese pythons; Everglades; Florida; human-wildlife interactions;
invasive species; Python molurus bivittatus
ID SNAKES
AB Invasive Burmese pythons (Python molurus bivittatus) are now established across a large area of southern Florida, USA, including all of Everglades National Park (NP). The presence of these large- bodied snakes in the continental United States has attracted intense media attention, including regular reference to the possibility of these snakes preying on humans. Over the course of a decade ( 2003- 2012), we solicited reports of apparently unprovoked strikes directed at humans in Everglades NP. We summarize the circumstances surrounding each of the 5 reported incidents, which occurred between 2006 and 2012. All strikes were directed toward biologists moving through flooded wetlands; 2 strikes resulted in minor injury and none resulted in constriction. We consider most of these strikes to be cases of "mistaken identity," in which the python initiated a strike at a potential prey item but aborted its predatory behavior prior to constriction and ingestion. No strikes are known to have been directed at park visitors despite visitation rates averaging over one million per year during this period. We conclude that while risks to humans should not be completely discounted, the relative risk of a human being killed by a python in Everglades NP appears to be extremely low. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Reed, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Snow, Ray W.] Everglades Natl Pk, Natl Pk Serv, Homestead, FL 33034 USA.
RP Reed, RN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM reedr@usgs.gov
FU Everglades National Park; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Greater
Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science program; Invasive Species Program
of the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area
FX We thank H. W. Greene, R. W. Henderson, J. C. Murphy, and F. J. Mazzotti
for comments on a previous version of this manuscript. B. Greeves, Z.
Fratto, N. O'Hare, M. Rochford, T. Selby, L. Serra, and B. Smith
contributed information on human-python incidents and reviewed our
summaries of these incidents. Funding for our research on Burmese
pythons has been provided by Everglades National Park, the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS) Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science
program, and the Invasive Species Program of the USGS Ecosystems Mission
Area.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 21
U2 93
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 2
BP 366
EP 369
DI 10.1002/wsb.413
PG 4
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9PV
UT WOS:000351431200018
ER
PT J
AU Farley, S
Talbot, SL
Sage, GK
Sinnott, R
Coltrane, J
AF Farley, Sean
Talbot, Sandra L.
Sage, George K.
Sinnott, Rick
Coltrane, Jessica
TI Use of DNA From Bite Marks to Determine Species and Individual Animals
That Attack Humans
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; animal attack; DNA; genotyping; mauling; Ursus arctos
ID MICROSATELLITE LOCI; GENOTYPING ERRORS; POPULATION APPLICATIONS; LARGE
CARNIVORES; MOUNTAIN LIONS; IDENTIFICATION; SAMPLES; WOLF; RELATEDNESS;
SOFTWARE
AB During the summer of 2008, 6 documented attacks and close encounters with brown bears (Ursus arctos) occurred in the greater Anchorage, Alaska (USA) area. We discuss findings from 2 incidents in which people were mauled within 2 km of each other over a 6-week period and in which it was assumed that a single animal was responsible. To ensure public safety, authorities killed a brown bear implicated in the attacks by circumstantial evidence, though it was not known a priori that the animal was responsible. We extracted DNA from hairs and bite sites on the clothing of both victims and determined species and individual identity of the animal(s) involved in both incidents. Genetic data indicated the brown bear killed by authorities was responsible for one of the maulings, but not both. This research demonstrates that DNA-based techniques, with appropriate sampling, can provide unambiguous identification of animals involved in attacks, as well as provide reasonable justification for excluding others. Because DNA-based techniques can unequivocally identify individual bears carrying out attacks, they should be considered a standard method employed in wildlife attack investigations. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Farley, Sean; Sinnott, Rick; Coltrane, Jessica] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
[Talbot, Sandra L.; Sage, George K.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Farley, S (reprint author), Alaska Dept Fish & Game, 333 Raspberry Rd, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
EM sean.farley@alaska.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center; Alaska Department of Fish
and Game
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science
Center, and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game. H. Golden and L.
Adams provided valuable reviews to earlier drafts of this manuscript.
Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute
endorsement or recommendation for use.
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 2
BP 370
EP 376
DI 10.1002/wsb.391
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9PV
UT WOS:000351431200019
ER
PT J
AU Beaver, JT
Harper, CA
Kissell, RE
Muller, LI
Basinger, PS
Goode, MJ
Van Manen, FT
Winton, W
Kennedy, ML
AF Beaver, Jared T.
Harper, Craig A.
Kissell, Robert E., Jr.
Muller, Lisa I.
Basinger, Peyton S.
Goode, Matthew J.
Van Manen, Frank T.
Winton, Wes
Kennedy, Michael L.
TI Aerial Vertical-Looking Infrared Imagery to Evaluate Bias of Distance
Sampling Techniques for White-Tailed Deer
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE aerial imaging; deer density; distance sampling; ground imaging;
Odocoileus virginianus; road bias; spotlight surveys; thermal imaging;
white-tailed deer
ID ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; SPOTLIGHT SURVEYS; MODEL SELECTION; DENSITY;
WILDLIFE; COUNTS; ABUNDANCE; BEHAVIOR; DESIGN; NIGHT
AB Population monitoring requires techniques that produce estimates with low bias and adequate precision. Distance sampling using ground-based thermal infrared imaging (ground imaging) and spotlight surveys is commonly used to estimate population densities of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). These surveys are often conducted along roads, which may violate assumptions of distance sampling and result in density estimates that are biased high. Aerial vertical-looking infrared imaging (aerial imaging) is not restricted to roads and therefore enables random sampling and detection. We compared estimates of population density and precision, and evaluated potential sources of bias for these 3 techniques for deer on Arnold Air Force Base in Tennessee, USA, during January-February 2010. Using data from aerial imaging conducted along systematic strip transects, we found that deer were distributed close to roads and deer responded to the landscape along the road edge or to observers driving along roads. As a result of these distributional patterns, estimated deer density based on ground imaging and spotlighting from road-based surveys was 3.0-7.6 times greater than density estimated from strip transects using aerial imaging. Ground imaging did not produce better estimates than spotlighting. Observers on the ground counting all deer seen at test plots with hand-held thermal imagers saw fewer deer than were seen on aerial images, suggesting high detection of deer by aerial imaging. Despite its higher cost (US$10,000) over spotlight surveys, we recommend aerial imaging instead of road-based ground surveys for monitoring populations of deer and discourage the continued use of non-random road-based surveys as a method for estimating white-tailed deer populations. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Beaver, Jared T.; Harper, Craig A.; Muller, Lisa I.; Basinger, Peyton S.; Goode, Matthew J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Kissell, Robert E., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Arkansas Forest Resources Ctr, Sch Forest Resources, Monticello, AR 71656 USA.
[Van Manen, Frank T.] Univ Tennessee, US Geol Survey, Southern Appalachian Res Branch, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Winton, Wes] Tennessee Wildlife Resource Agcy, Ellington Agr Ctr, Nashville, TN 37204 USA.
[Kennedy, Michael L.] Univ Memphis, Ecol Res Ctr, Dept Biol Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
RP Beaver, JT (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, 274 Ellington Plant Sci Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM jbeaver@ag.tamu.edu
OI Muller, Lisa/0000-0001-7833-2273
FU U.S. Department of Defense; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; University
of Tennessee-Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries; Tennessee
Wildlife Resources Agency
FX We thank the U.S. Department of Defense; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
University of Tennessee-Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries;
and Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency for financial support and other
contributions to this project. We thank R. McWhite, S. Farrington, S.
Finger, and M. Black for assisting with study design, logistics, and
statistical guidance. We also thank our field technicians, S. McKenzie,
M. Mustin, S. Nash, and A. Unger. We are grateful to D.L. Garshelis and
2 anonymous reviewers for their constructive reviews of an earlier draft
of this manuscript.
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 2
BP 419
EP 427
DI 10.1002/wsb.410
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9PV
UT WOS:000351431200026
ER
PT J
AU Alonso, RS
Lyren, LM
Boydston, EE
Haas, CD
Crooks, KR
AF Alonso, Robert S.
Lyren, Lisa M.
Boydston, Erin E.
Haas, Christopher D.
Crooks, Kevin R.
TI EVALUATION OF ROAD EXPANSION AND CONNECTIVITY MITIGATION FOR WILDLIFE IN
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; CONSERVATION; CARNIVORES; BOBCATS; COYOTES;
ECOLOGY
AB We designed a remote-camera survey to study how the expansion of California State Route 71 (CA-71) and implementation of connectivity mitigation affected the use of underpasses by large mammals in southern California. Based on detections by cameras, the use of underpasses by bobcats (Lynx rufus) was higher within the area of expansion and mitigation after construction than before, but there was no difference in use of underpasses in the impact zone compared to the control zone before or after construction. Use of underpasses by coyotes (Canis latrans) was higher in the control zone than in the impact zone, but there was no difference in use before and after construction. Small numbers of detections of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) at only a few underpasses precluded comparison between control and impact zones. However, a comparison of use before and after construction revealed that use of underpasses by mule deer was slightly higher post-construction. We cannot fully attribute increased detections post-construction to mitigative efforts, because other factors, such as availability of habitat, urbanization, or demography, also may have influenced use of underpasses along CA-71. Nonetheless, even with the expansion of the freeway and subsequent increase in volume of traffic, mitigative structures along CA-71 did allow for continued movement and, hence, connectivity across the roadway for large mammals.
C1 [Alonso, Robert S.; Crooks, Kevin R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Alonso, Robert S.; Lyren, Lisa M.; Boydston, Erin E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA.
[Haas, Christopher D.] Atwell LLC, Denver, CO 80206 USA.
RP Alonso, RS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM Robert.Alonso@colostate.edu
FU California Department of Transportation; National Science Foundation
Emerging Infectious Disease research program [NSF-EF 072367]
FX We thank all agencies who provided access to their property. We also
thank the technicians who helped us collect and organize data for this
project: J. Purdum; J. Kraft; J. Paludi; J. Shaw; P. Wasz; L. Kerschner.
Funding was provided by the California Department of Transportation
(District 8) and the National Science Foundation Emerging Infectious
Disease research program (NSF-EF 072367). Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the United States Government.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 25
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 2
BP 181
EP 187
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA CC8YX
UT WOS:000350655600004
ER
PT J
AU Ruth, JM
Stanley, TR
Gordon, CE
AF Ruth, Janet M.
Stanley, Thomas R.
Gordon, Caleb E.
TI ASSOCIATIONS OF WINTERING BIRDS WITH HABITAT IN SEMIDESERT AND PLAINS
GRASSLANDS IN ARIZONA
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID HOME-RANGE SIZE; HENSLOWS SPARROWS; AVIAN COMMUNITY; MOVEMENT PATTERNS;
SOUTHERN TEXAS; POINT COUNTS; ABUNDANCE; MEXICO; FIRE; MIGRATION
AB We studied associations with winter habitat for seven species of birds, one species-group (eastern and western meadowlarks combined), and total sparrows at seven sites in the semidesert and plains grasslands of southeastern Arizona from 1999-2001, sampling with mist-nets and survey-transects. We measured structure and composition of vegetation, assessing vegetative differences among sites, and modeled associations between indices of avian abundance and six vegetative variables using generalized linear models. For all vegetative variables, there were significant differences among sites. Numbers of northern harriers (Circus cyaneus) were positively associated with total number of sparrows. Indices of abundance for individual species of birds were statistically correlated with various measures of structure and composition of vegetation. In particular, grasshopper (Ammodramus savannarum) and vesper (Pooecetes gramineus) sparrows were negatively associated with amount of bare ground; horned larks (Eremophila alpestris) were negatively associated with vertical grass density; Baird's sparrows (A. bairdii) were negatively associated with shrub density; meadowlarks (Sturnella magna and S. neglecta combined) were positively associated with native grass. Our results suggest that these species would benefit from management of habitat that affects the vegetative characteristics associated with their abundance.
C1 [Ruth, Janet M.] Univ New Mexico, US Geol Survey, Dept Biol, Ft Collins Sci Ctr,Arid Lands Field Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Stanley, Thomas R.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Gordon, Caleb E.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Ruth, JM (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, US Geol Survey, Dept Biol, Ft Collins Sci Ctr,Arid Lands Field Stn, MSC03 2020,1 Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM janet_ruth@usgs.gov
FU United States Geological Survey; Region 2 Migratory Bird Office of the
United States Fish and Wildlife Service; National Science Foundation;
Audubon Research Ranch; University of Arizona Department of Ecology and
Evolutionary Biology
FX This study was supported with funding from the United States Geological
Survey, the Region 2 Migratory Bird Office of the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service, a National Science Foundation predoctoral fellowship
awarded to CEG, and grants from the Audubon Research Ranch and the
University of Arizona Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. We
also received in-kind contributions of a vehicle in 1 year, housing for
field-crews, and office space from the Bureau of Land Management. We
thank the Bureau of Land Management, the Sierra Vista Ranger District of
Coronado National Forest, and the Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge
as well as the Audubon Appleton-Whittell Research Ranch, Babocomari
Ranch, and Diamond C Ranch for access to their lands. We are grateful to
the 13 field technicians, who assisted with this project over 3 years
and also to the many volunteers who participated in the flush
mist-netting fieldwork. We are grateful to S. Skagen, J. Kelly, M.
Desmond, M. Leu, S. Agudelo, L. Igl, and an anonymous reviewer for
evaluations of earlier drafts of this manuscript. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the United States Government.
NR 61
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 15
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 2
BP 199
EP 211
DI 10.1894/F07-GDS-13.1
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA CC8YX
UT WOS:000350655600007
ER
PT J
AU McDermott, KS
Arsuffi, TL
Brandt, TM
Huston, DC
Ostrand, KG
AF McDermott, Kelly S.
Arsuffi, Thomas L.
Brandt, Thomas M.
Huston, Daniel C.
Ostrand, Kenneth G.
TI DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE OF THE EXOTIC DIGENETIC TREMATODE
(CENTROCESTUS FORMOSANUS), ITS EXOTIC SNAIL INTERMEDIATE HOST
(MELANOIDES TUBERCULATUS), AND RATES OF INFECTION OF FISH IN SPRINGS
SYSTEMS IN WESTERN TEXAS
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID ETHEOSTOMA-FONTICOLA; HAPLORCHIS PUMILIO; FOUNTAIN DARTER; AQUATIC
SNAIL; TEMPERATURE; METACERCARIAE; MEXICO; GILLS; HETEROPHYIDAE;
NISHIGORI
AB We examined the distribution and co-occurrence of the exotic digenetic trematode Centrocestus formosanus, its exotic intermediate host the red-rim melania snail Melanoides tuberculatus, and rates of infection of fish in 10 spring systems throughout western Texas during 1999 and 2011. Four of the spring systems (East Sandia Springs, Independence Creek, Big Bend National Park Refugium Pond, and Clear Creek) did not contain red-rim melania snails in 1999 and 2011. Four spring systems that were populated with snails (San Felipe Creek, San Solomon Springs, Phantom Lake, and Diamond Y Springs) contained the trematode and were positive for branchial infection in fish except Diamond Y Springs which contained uninfected snails and fish. Since 1999, two additional spring systems, Pinto Creek and Devils River, contained the trematode. We found a high prevalence of branchial infection for fish collected regardless of species. Seventeen of the 21 species of fish collected from the spring systems were positive for infection by trematodes. On average, the most infected genera were Micropterus and Lepomis followed in decreasing order by Etheostoma, Dionda, Astyanax, Cichlasoma, Notropis, Cyprinella, Gambusia, Ictalurus, and Hypostomus. Seven state-listed or federally listed species we collected had a relatively high percentage (mean = 52%) of developing metacercarial cysts except E. grahami (mean = 14%). Our laboratory study suggests that, for Gambusia, rates of infection by trematodes are species-specific with G. affinis having significantly more cysts than did G. nobilis and G. gaigei. Our work extended the documented range of red-rim melania snails and C. formosanus in Texas.
C1 [McDermott, Kelly S.] Rocky Mt Field Inst, Colorado Springs, CO 80904 USA.
[Arsuffi, Thomas L.] Texas Tech Univ, Llano River Field Stn, Junction, TX 76849 USA.
[Brandt, Thomas M.; Huston, Daniel C.; Ostrand, Kenneth G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Fish Hatchery & Technol Ctr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
RP Ostrand, KG (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Fish Hatchery & Technol Ctr, 500 East McCarty Lane, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
EM Kenneth_Ostrand@fws.gov
OI Huston, Daniel Colgan/0000-0002-1015-4703
FU Quick Response Program of the United States Geological Survey
FX We thank T. Bonner, S. Curran, J. Fries, C. Hubbs, J. Landye, R.
Overstreet, M. Collyer, and D. Propst for critical review and
improvements to various drafts of the manuscript. G. Garrett provided
guidance and field-assistance, and the Nature Conservancy of Texas and
numerous landowners graciously provided access to sites. I.
Castro-Arellano graciously provided the Spanish translation. Fish were
collected under Texas Parks and Wildlife Scientific Research Permit
Number SPR-0390-045 and Department of the Interior, United States Fish
and Wildlife Service, Federal Fish and Wildlife Permit Number
TEB76611-2. This research was funded through the Quick Response Program
of the United States Geological Survey. The findings and conclusions in
this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent
the views of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 2
BP 212
EP 220
DI 10.1894/F08-FRG-06.1
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA CC8YX
UT WOS:000350655600008
ER
PT J
AU Matson, JO
Ordonez-Garza, N
Woodman, N
Bulmer, W
Eckerlin, RP
Hanson, JD
AF Matson, John O.
Ordonez-Garza, Nicte
Woodman, Neal
Bulmer, Walter
Eckerlin, Ralph P.
Hanson, J. Delton
TI SMALL MAMMALS FROM THE CHELEMHA CLOUD FOREST RESERVE, ALTA VERAPAZ,
GUATEMALA
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGHLANDS; SORICIDAE; SHREWS; SORICOMORPHA; POPULATIONS
AB We surveyed the small mammals of remnant mixed hardwood-coniferous cloud forest at elevations ranging from 2,100-2,300 m in the Chelemha Cloud Forest Reserve, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. Removal-trapping using a combination of live traps, snap traps, and pitfall traps for 6 days in January 2007 resulted in 175 captures of 15 species of marsupials, shrews, and rodents. This diversity of small mammals is the highest that we have recorded from a single locality of the 10 visited during eight field seasons in the highlands of Guatemala. Based on captures, the most abundant species in the community of small mammals is Peromyscus grandis (n = 50), followed by Handleyomys rhabdops (n = 27), Heteromys desmarestianus (n = 18), Reithrodontomys mexicanus (n = 17), Handleyomys saturatior (n = 16), Sorex veraepacis (n = 15), and Scotinomys teguina (n = 13). The remaining eight species were represented by one to five individuals.
C1 [Matson, John O.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[Ordonez-Garza, Nicte] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Woodman, Neal] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Bulmer, Walter; Eckerlin, Ralph P.] No Virginia Community Coll, Div Nat Sci, Annandale, VA 22003 USA.
[Hanson, J. Delton] Res & Testing Lab, Lubbock, TX 79416 USA.
RP Matson, JO (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
EM johnomatson@gmail.com
OI Woodman, Neal/0000-0003-2689-7373
FU Virginia Community College System Professional Development Grant;
Northern Virginia Community College Educational Foundation; Department
of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, California; United
States Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Maryland; R.
Baker of the Natural Sciences Research Laboratory at The Museum of Texas
Tech University, Lubbock; NIH
FX We thank the personnel of Reserva Privada Chelemha-Union para Proteger
el Bosque Nuboso for allowing us to sample small mammals on their
reserve. We thank F. Herrera of Consejo Nacional de Areas Protegidas,
Guatemala, for providing collecting permits and other valuable
assistance during the 2007 field season. We thank A. Gardner for his
suggestions and comments on the manuscript. Partial funding was provided
by the Virginia Community College System Professional Development Grant
and Northern Virginia Community College Educational Foundation to WB and
RPE, the Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University,
California to JOM, and the United States Geological Survey Patuxent
Wildlife Research Center, Maryland, to NW. Additional funds were
provided to JDH by R. Baker of the Natural Sciences Research Laboratory
at The Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, and an NIH grant to C.
Fulhorst at the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 2
BP 258
EP 262
DI 10.1894/F14-TAL-60.1
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA CC8YX
UT WOS:000350655600014
ER
PT J
AU Chung-Davidson, YW
Davidson, PJ
Scott, AM
Walaszczyk, EJ
Brant, CO
Buchinger, T
Johnson, NS
Li, WM
AF Chung-Davidson, Yu-Wen
Davidson, Peter J.
Scott, Anne M.
Walaszczyk, Erin J.
Brant, Cory O.
Buchinger, Tyler
Johnson, Nicholas S.
Li, Weiming
TI A New Clarification Method to Visualize Biliary Degeneration During
Liver Metamorphosis in Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)
SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Developmental Biology; Issue 88; Biliary atresia; liver development;
bile duct degeneration; Petromyzon marinus; metamorphosis; apoptosis
ID ATRESIA; APOPTOSIS
AB Biliary atresia is a rare disease of infancy, with an estimated 1 in 15,000 frequency in the southeast United States, but more common in East Asian countries, with a reported frequency of 1 in 5,000 in Taiwan. Although much is known about the management of biliary atresia, its pathogenesis is still elusive. The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) provides a unique opportunity to examine the mechanism and progression of biliary degeneration. Sea lamprey develop through three distinct life stages: larval, parasitic, and adult. During the transition from larvae to parasitic juvenile, sea lamprey undergo metamorphosis with dramatic reorganization and remodeling in external morphology and internal organs. In the liver, the entire biliary system is lost, including the gall bladder and the biliary tree. A newly-developed method called "CLARITY" was modified to clarify the entire liver and the junction with the intestine in metamorphic sea lamprey. The process of biliary degeneration was visualized and discerned during sea lamprey metamorphosis by using laser scanning confocal microscopy. This method provides a powerful tool to study biliary atresia in a unique animal model.
C1 [Chung-Davidson, Yu-Wen; Davidson, Peter J.; Scott, Anne M.; Walaszczyk, Erin J.; Brant, Cory O.; Buchinger, Tyler; Li, Weiming] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Johnson, Nicholas S.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Reston, VA USA.
RP Chung-Davidson, YW (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM chungyuw@msu.edu
OI Chung-Davidson, Yu-Wen/0000-0001-5784-2653
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission
FX The authors acknowledge the contribution of Hammond Bay Biological
Station, Great Lakes Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey. We also
thank Dr. Melinda Frame at the Center for Advanced Microscopy at
Michigan State University for her technical support in laser scanning
confocal microscopy. This study is supported by grants from the Great
Lakes Fishery Commission to YWCD and WML.
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA
SN 1940-087X
J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP
JI J. Vis. Exp.
PD JUN
PY 2014
IS 88
AR e51648
DI 10.3791/51648
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA CB0BQ
UT WOS:000349290100060
ER
PT J
AU Guzman, DSM
KuKanich, B
Drazenovich, TL
Olsen, GH
Paul-Murphy, JR
AF Guzman, David Sanchez-Migallon
KuKanich, Butch
Drazenovich, Tracy L.
Olsen, Glenn H.
Paul-Murphy, Joanne R.
TI Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after intravenous and
intramuscular administration of a single dose to American kestrels
(Falco sparverius)
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID HAWKS BUTEO-JAMAICENSIS; BUTORPHANOL TARTRATE; ORAL TRAMADOL; CHRONIC
PAIN; DOGS; OXYMORPHONE; CATS; METABOLITES
AB Objective-To determine the pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after IV and IM administration in American kestrels (Falco sparverius).
Animals-12 healthy adult American kestrels.
Procedures-A single dose of hydromorphone (0.6 mg/kg) was administered IM (pectoral muscles) and IV (right jugular vein); the time between IM and IV administration experiments was 1 month. Blood samples were collected at 5 minutes, 1 hour, and 3 hours (n = 4 birds); 0.25, 1.5, and 9 hours (4); and 0.5, 2, and 6 hours (4) after drug administration. Plasma hydromorphone concentrations were determined by means of liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with a noncompartmental model. Mean plasma hydromorphone concentration for each time was determined with naive averaged pharmacokinetic analysis.
Results-Plasma hydromorphone concentrations were detectable in 2 and 3 birds at 6 hours after IM and IV administration, respectively, but not at 9 hours after administration. The fraction of the hydromorphone dose absorbed after IM administration was 0.75. The maximum observed plasma concentration was 112.1 ng/mL (5 minutes after administration). The terminal half-life was 1.25 and 1.26 hours after IV and IM administration, respectively.
Conclusion and Clinical Relevance-Results indicated hydromorphone hydrochloride had high bioavailability and rapid elimination after IM administration, with a short terminal half-life, rapid plasma clearance, and large volume of distribution in American kestrels. Further studies regarding the effects of other doses, other administration routes, constantrate infusions, and slow release formulations on the pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride and its metabolites in American kestrels may be indicated.
C1 [Guzman, David Sanchez-Migallon] Univ Calif Davis, Vet Teaching Hosp, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Drazenovich, Tracy L.; Paul-Murphy, Joanne R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Vet Med & Epidemiol, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[KuKanich, Butch] Kansas State Univ, Dept Anat & Physiol, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Olsen, Glenn H.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Guzman, DSM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Vet Teaching Hosp, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM guzman@ucdavis.edu
FU Morris Animal Foundation [D10ZO-305]
FX Supported by the Morris Animal Foundation (grant No. D10ZO-305).
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC
PI SCHAUMBURG
PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA
SN 0002-9645
EI 1943-5681
J9 AM J VET RES
JI Am. J. Vet. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 75
IS 6
BP 527
EP 531
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA CA5XL
UT WOS:000348981600002
PM 24866507
ER
PT J
AU Green, TW
Slone, DH
Swain, ED
Cherkiss, MS
Lohmann, M
Mazzotti, FJ
Rice, KG
AF Green, Timothy W.
Slone, Daniel H.
Swain, Eric D.
Cherkiss, Michael S.
Lohmann, Melinda
Mazzotti, Frank J.
Rice, Kenneth G.
TI Evaluating Effects of Everglades Restoration on American Crocodile
Populations in South Florida Using a Spatially-Explicit, Stage-Based
Population Model
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Spatial model; Population modeling; Stage-based model; Crocodylus
acutus; Mangroves; Wetlands
ID CROCODYLUS-ACUTUS; SALINITY; BAY; DISPERSAL; REPTILES
AB The distribution and abundance of the American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) in the Florida Everglades is dependent on the timing, amount, and location of freshwater flow. One of the goals of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) is to restore historic freshwater flows to American crocodile habitat throughout the Everglades. To predict the impacts on the crocodile population from planned restoration activities, we created a stage-based spatially explicit crocodile population model that incorporated regional hydrology models and American crocodile research and monitoring data. Growth and survival were influenced by salinity, water depth, and density-dependent interactions. A stage-structured spatial model was used with discrete spatial convolution to direct crocodiles toward attractive sources where conditions were favorable. The model predicted that CERP would have both positive and negative impacts on American crocodile growth, survival, and distribution. Overall, crocodile populations across south Florida were predicted to decrease approximately 3 % with the implementation of CERP compared to future conditions without restoration, but local increases up to 30 % occurred in the Joe Bay area near Taylor Slough, and local decreases up to 30 % occurred in the vicinity of Buttonwood Canal due to changes in salinity and freshwater flows.
C1 [Green, Timothy W.; Slone, Daniel H.; Rice, Kenneth G.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA.
[Swain, Eric D.; Lohmann, Melinda] US Geol Survey, Florida Water Sci Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33315 USA.
[Cherkiss, Michael S.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Mazzotti, Frank J.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
RP Slone, DH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 2201 NW 40th Terrace, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA.
EM dslone@usgs.gov
OI Slone, Daniel/0000-0002-9903-9727
FU USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science
FX This work was supported by USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems
Science. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement
by the U.S. Government.
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
EI 1943-6246
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 34
SU 1
BP S213
EP S224
DI 10.1007/s13157-012-0370-0
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AU5GI
UT WOS:000345634700019
ER
PT J
AU Sethi, SA
Cook, GM
Lemons, P
Wenburg, J
AF Sethi, Suresh Andrew
Cook, Geoffrey M.
Lemons, Patrick
Wenburg, John
TI Guidelines for MSAT and SNP panels that lead to high-quality data for
genetic mark-recapture studies
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE genetic mark-recapture; microsatellite; single nucleotide polymorphism;
genotyping error; probability of identity
ID POPULATION-SIZE ESTIMATION; INCORPORATING GENOTYPING ERROR; INDIVIDUAL
IDENTIFICATION; SCORING ERRORS; DNA SAMPLES; MICROSATELLITE; ABUNDANCE;
PCR; FECES; RATES
AB Molecular markers with inadequate power to discriminate among individuals can lead to false recaptures (shadows), and inaccurate genotyping can lead to missed recaptures (ghosts), potentially biasing genetic mark-recapture estimates. We used simulations to examine the impact of microsatellite (MSAT) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker-set size, allelic frequency, multitubes approaches, and sample matching protocols on shadow and ghost events in genetic mark-recapture studies, presenting guidance on the specifications for MSAT and SNP marker panels, and sample matching protocols necessary to produce high-quality data. Shadow events are controllable by increasing the number of markers or by selecting markers with high discriminatory power; reasonably sized marker sets (e. g., >= 9 MSATs or >= 32 SNPs) of moderate allelic diversity lead to low probabilities of shadow errors. Ghost events are more challenging to control and low allelic dropout or false-allele error rates produced high rates of erroneous mismatches in mark-recapture sampling. Fortunately, error-tolerant matching protocols, which use information from positively matching loci between comparisons of samples, and multitubes protocols to achieve consensus genotypes are effective at eliminating ghost events. We present a case study on Pacific walrus, Odobenus rosmarus divergens (Illiger, 1815), using simulation results to inform genetic marker choices.
C1 [Sethi, Suresh Andrew; Lemons, Patrick] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Cook, Geoffrey M.; Wenburg, John] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Sethi, SA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1011 East Tudor Rd MS 331, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM suresh_sethi@fws.gov
NR 46
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 14
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0008-4301
EI 1480-3283
J9 CAN J ZOOL
JI Can. J. Zool.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 92
IS 6
BP 515
EP 526
DI 10.1139/cjz-2013-0302
PG 12
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AT4ZU
UT WOS:000344954000006
ER
PT J
AU Dickinson, JE
Ferre, TPA
Bakker, M
Crompton, B
AF Dickinson, Jesse E.
Ferre, T. P. A.
Bakker, Mark
Crompton, Becky
TI A Screening Tool for Delineating Subregions of Steady Recharge within
Groundwater Models
SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; HYDROLOGIC TIME-SERIES; CLIMATIC
VARIABILITY; WATER; FLOW; SURFACE; METHODOLOGY; EQUATION; AQUIFERS; ZONE
AB We have developed a screening method for simplifying groundwater models by delineating areas within the domain that can be represented using steady-state groundwater recharge. The screening method is based on an analytical solution for the damping of sinusoidal infiltration variations in homogeneous soils in the vadose zone. The damping depth is defined as the depth at which the flux variation damps to 5% of the variation at the land surface. Groundwater recharge may be considered steady where the damping depth is above the depth of the water table. The analytical solution approximates the vadose zone diffusivity as constant, and we evaluated when this approximation is reasonable. We evaluated the analytical solution through comparison of the damping depth computed by the analytic solution with the damping depth simulated by a numerical model that allows variable diffusivity. This comparison showed that the screening method conservatively identifies areas of steady recharge and is more accurate when water content and diffusivity are nearly constant. Nomograms of the damping factor (the ratio of the flux amplitude at any depth to the amplitude at the land surface) and the damping depth were constructed for clay and sand for periodic variations between 1 and 365 d and flux means and amplitudes from nearly 0 to 1 x 10(-3) m d(-1). We applied the screening tool to Central Valley, California, to identify areas of steady recharge. A MATLAB script was developed to compute the damping factor for any soil and any sinusoidal flux variation.
C1 [Dickinson, Jesse E.] US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Dickinson, Jesse E.; Ferre, T. P. A.; Crompton, Becky] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Bakker, Mark] Delft Univ Technol, Water Resources Sect, Fac Civil Engn & Geosci, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.
RP Dickinson, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM jdickins@usgs.gov
RI Dickinson, Jesse/I-7177-2016
OI Dickinson, Jesse/0000-0002-0048-0839
FU Southwest Climate Science Center
FX We thank reviewers Richard G. Niswonger and Randall T. Hanson of the
USGS and an anonymous reviewer. This work was funded by the Southwest
Climate Science Center.
NR 50
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 11
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1539-1663
J9 VADOSE ZONE J
JI Vadose Zone J.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 6
DI 10.2136/vzj2013.10.0184
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA AQ9HM
UT WOS:000343161000005
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, KF
Jennings, CA
AF Robinson, Kelly F.
Jennings, Cecil A.
TI A Comparison of Resident Fish Assemblages in Managed and Unmanaged
Coastal Wetlands in North Carolina and South Carolina
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID SHALLOW MARSH HABITATS; CAPE FEAR RIVER; SALT-MARSH; COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE; SIMILARITY INDEXES; NEKTON USE; LOUISIANA; PATTERNS; USA;
CRUSTACEANS
AB The dominant fish species within impounded coastal wetlands in the southeastern US may be different from the species that dominate natural marshes. We tested the hypothesis that resident fish assemblages inhabiting impounded coastal wetlands in South Carolina would differ from resident assemblages in natural marshes of the southeastern United States. We used rarefied species richness, Shannon's H' diversity, J' evenness, Morisita's index of similarity, and the percent similarity index to compare resident fish assemblages from two impoundments to 12 open-marsh resident fish assemblages from previously published studies in North and South Carolina. We used rotenone to sample fish assemblages in impoundments. The assemblages in natural marsh habitat had been sampled with rotenone and seines. We classified comparisons yielding a similarity index >= 0.50 as moderately similar and those with an index >= 0.75 as very similar. Fifty-three percent of the among-impoundment comparisons (Morisita's index) were at least moderately similar, whereas 7% of impoundment-natural marsh comparisons were moderately similar. A difference in tidal influence was the only parameter in the best-fitting model describing the observed Morisita's indices. The index of similarity decreased by 63% when tidal influence differed between compared assemblages. Species richness and diversity were greater in impoundments than natural marshes, but evenness was similar between habitat types. Our results support the hypothesis that resident fish assemblages in impounded wetlands and natural marshes are different, and suggest that a degree of tidal influence is the most important factor behind the difference.
C1 [Robinson, Kelly F.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Jennings, Cecil A.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Jennings, CA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM jennings@uga.edu
FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Georgia Department of Natural
Resources; US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey; Wildlife
Management Institute; University of Georgia [2009-3-060]
FX We thank M. Alber, J. Peterson, and S. Schweitzer for input into
experimental design and comments on this manuscript. We also thank B.
Carswell, G. Crouch, P. Dimmick, J. Dycus, P. Ely, M. Homer, J. Kirsch,
E. Mills, M. Mundy, R. Peterson, J. Robinson, J. Ruiz, E. Wiggers, and
S. Zimpfer for assistance in field collections and logistical support.
Further, we thank A. Overton, J. Robinson, and A. Rypel, and two
anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this
manuscript. This research was supported with a grant from the National
Fish and Wildlife Foundation. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
US Government, The Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Cooperative
Research Unit is sponsored jointly by Georgia Department of Natural
Resources, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the US Geological Survey,
and the Wildlife Management Institute. This study was performed under
the auspices of the University of Georgia protocol #2009-3-060.
NR 51
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 17
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
EI 1938-5412
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 2
BP 237
EP 260
DI 10.1656/058.013.0207
PG 24
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ0QC
UT WOS:000342486800009
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, JD
Cain, JW
Denkhaus, R
AF Lewis, Joseph D.
Cain, James W., III
Denkhaus, Robert
TI Home Range and Habitat Selection of an Inland Alligator (Alligator
mississippiensis) Population at the Northwestern Edge of the
Distribution Range
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID AMERICAN ALLIGATORS; EAST TEXAS; SEASONAL ACTIVITY; GROWTH-RATES;
BEHAVIOR; ECOLOGY; CROCODILUS; ABUNDANCE; MOVEMENT; WETLAND
AB Although well studied in coastal ecosystems, comparatively little information exists on the ecology of inland Alligator mississippiensis (American Alligator) populations, particularly at the periphery of their range. Our specific objectives were to estimate home-range area and assess did (i.e., day vs. night) habitat-selection patterns of an urban, inland American Alligator population at the northwestern edge of the species' range. During 2010-2011, we captured 14 (6 female, 5 male, 3 unknown sex) American Alligators, 9 (5 female and 4 male) of which were fitted with VHF transmitters. Mean home range (95% kernel) was 68.9 ha (SD = 31.6) and 40.9 ha (SD = 20.7) and the mean core area (50% kernel) was 20.6 ha (SD = 18.5) and 10.1 ha (SD = 6.6) for males and females, respectively. American Alligators primarily selected river channels and open-canopy shorelines during both day and night. The amount of emergent or floating vegetation and canopy cover in a particular habitat influenced the probability of selection by American Alligators but this probability was dependent on the did l time period. During the day, the probability of selection was higher in areas with emergent or floating vegetation and more canopy cover, whereas at night the probability of selection decreased with increasing canopy cover. American Alligators did not select open water at either the study-area level or within the home range, which may have been due at least in part to the presence of recreational boaters or differences in food availability between open-water areas and other areas occupied by American Alligators on the Fort Worth Nature Center and Refuge. Overall, the results of our study are largely incongruent with patterns of home-range size and habitat selection reported for the species elsewhere, suggesting that further study of other American Alligator populations at the periphery of the distribution range is warranted.
C1 [Lewis, Joseph D.; Cain, James W., III] Texas A&M Univ Commerce, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Commerce, TX 75428 USA.
[Denkhaus, Robert] Ft Worth Nat Ctr & Refuge, Ft Worth, TX 76135 USA.
RP Cain, JW (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 30003,MSC 4901, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM jwcain@nmsu.edu
FU Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences; Graduate College at
Texas A&M University-Commerce; Fort Worth Nature Center and Refuge;
Friends of the Fort Worth Nature Center and Refuge; IUCN-SSC Crocodile
Specialist Group; Safari Club International Foundation; Dallas Safari
Club-Dallas Ecological Foundation; Houston Safari Club; Dallas-Fort
Worth Herpetological Society; Arthur A. Seeligson, Jr. Conservation
Fund; Texas Outdoor Writers Association
FX We thank the Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and the
Graduate College at Texas A&M University-Commerce; Fort Worth Nature
Center and Refuge; Friends of the Fort Worth Nature Center and Refuge;
IUCN-SSC Crocodile Specialist Group; Safari Club International
Foundation; Dallas Safari Club-Dallas Ecological Foundation; Houston
Safari Club; the Dallas-Fort Worth Herpetological Society; the Arthur A.
Seeligson, Jr. Conservation Fund; and the Texas Outdoor Writers
Association for funding and support. We also thank R. Daughtery, C.
Schmal, J. Dudko, R. Baldwin, A. Benson, and T. Huff for field
assistance. We would like to thank S. Tuttle; M. Villafranca, R.
Lassiter; and the rest of the staff at the Fort Worth Nature Center and
Refuge for logistical support.
NR 53
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 25
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
EI 1938-5412
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 2
BP 261
EP 279
DI 10.1656/058.013.0208
PG 19
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ0QC
UT WOS:000342486800010
ER
PT J
AU Crimmins, SM
Mckann, PC
Szymanski, JA
Thogmartin, WE
AF Crimmins, Shawn M.
Mckann, Patrick C.
Szymanski, Jennifer A.
Thogmartin, Wayne E.
TI Effects of cave gating on population trends at individual hibernacula of
the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis)
SO ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA
LA English
DT Article
DE cave; change-point; gating; hibernaculum; Indiana bat; Myotis sodalis
ID WHITE-NOSE SYNDROME; HIBERNATING BATS; DISTURBANCE; GATES
AB Installing gates at cave entrances to protect hibernating bat colonies is a widespread conservation action, particularly for endangered bat species such as the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis). However, there is surprisingly little evidence on the efficacy of gates for improving population growth rates. We used change-point models to determine the effects of gate construction on Indiana bats. We estimated population growth rates at 20 hibernacula pre- and post-gating and quantified the change in population growth rates after gate installation. Hibernacula with increasing growth rates prior to gate placement all experienced decreased growth rates after installation. For hibernacula with declining growth rates prior to construction, growth rates increased moderately after installation. When weighted by population size, average change in growth rates across all 20 hibernacula was negative. Our results suggest that use of gates at hibernacula with growing populations may relate to unintended declines in growth rates but that, at hibernacula with declining populations, installation of gates may lead to moderate increases in local population growth rates.
C1 [Crimmins, Shawn M.; Mckann, Patrick C.; Thogmartin, Wayne E.] United States Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Szymanski, Jennifer A.] United States Fish & Wildlife Resource Ctr, United States Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Endangered Species, Onalaska, WI 54650 USA.
RP Thogmartin, WE (reprint author), United States Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM wthogmartin@usgs.gov
RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008
OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 35
PU MUSEUM & INST ZOOLOGY PAS-POLISH ACAD SCIENCES
PI WARSAW
PA WILCZA STREET 64, 00-679 WARSAW, POLAND
SN 1508-1109
EI 1733-5329
J9 ACTA CHIROPTEROL
JI Acta Chiropt.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 16
IS 1
BP 129
EP 137
DI 10.3161/150811014X683345
PG 9
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AN8LF
UT WOS:000340855000013
ER
PT J
AU Wilcox, AC
O'Connor, JE
Major, JJ
AF Wilcox, Andrew C.
O'Connor, Jim E.
Major, Jon J.
TI Rapid reservoir erosion, hyperconcentrated flow, and downstream
deposition triggered by breaching of 38 m tall Condit Dam, White Salmon
River, Washington
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
ID DEBRIS FLOW; NEW-ZEALAND; REMOVAL; SEDIMENT; OREGON; GRAVEL; MODEL;
EVOLUTION; TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS
AB Condit Dam on the White Salmon River, Washington, a 38 m high dam impounding a large volume (1.8 million m(3)) of fine-grained sediment (60% sand, 35% silt and clay, and 5% gravel), was rapidly breached in October 2011. This unique dam decommissioning produced dramatic upstream and downstream geomorphic responses in the hours and weeks following breaching. Blasting a 5 m wide hole into the base of the dam resulted in rapid reservoir drawdown, abruptly releasing similar to 1.6 million m(3) of reservoir water, exposing reservoir sediment to erosion, and triggering mass failures of the thickly accumulated reservoir sediment. Within 90 min of breaching, the reservoir's water and similar to 10% of its sediment had evacuated. At a gauging station 2.3 km downstream, flow increased briefly by 400 m(3) s(-1) during passage of the initial pulse of released reservoir water, followed by a highly concentrated flow phase-up to 32% sediment by volume-as landslide-generated slurries from the reservoir moved downstream. This hyperconcentrated flow, analogous to those following volcanic eruptions or large landslides, draped the downstream river with predominantly fine sand. During the ensuing weeks, suspended-sediment concentration declined and sand and gravel bed load derived from continued reservoir erosion aggraded the channel by >1 m at the gauging station, after which the river incised back to near its initial elevation at this site. Within 15 weeks after breaching, over 1 million m(3) of suspended load is estimated to have passed the gauging station, consistent with estimates that >60% of the reservoir's sediment had eroded. This dam removal highlights the influence of interactions among reservoir erosion processes, sediment composition, and style of decommissioning on rate of reservoir erosion and consequent downstream behavior of released sediment.
C1 [Wilcox, Andrew C.] Univ Montana, Dept Geosci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[O'Connor, Jim E.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR USA.
[Major, Jon J.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA.
RP Wilcox, AC (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Geosci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM andrew.wilcox@umontana.edu
OI Major, Jon/0000-0003-2449-4466; Wilcox, Andrew C./0000-0002-6241-8977
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0922296, EPS-1101342]
FX Wilcox's participation in this work was supported by the National
Science Foundation (EAR-0922296, EPS-1101342). We thank Erika Colaiacomo
for her many contributions to this work. We also thank Andy Maser, Steve
Stampfli, Joshua Epstein, and Dennis Gathard for photos; Larry Moran (JR
Merit) for aerial video; and Tom Hickey and Todd Olson (PacifiCorp),
Peter Stroud (Kleinfelder), and Chris Pitcher (Riverbend) for access and
data sharing. Robert Livesay, Elena Evans, Tom Pierson, and Chauncey
Anderson provided field assistance. Flow and sediment measurements at
the USGS gauging station and fish trap facility were conducted by
Heather Bragg, Dale Melton, Adam Mosbrucker, Dave Piatt, Kurt Spicer,
and Mark Uhrich. Jim Parham assisted with providing gauging station
data. Adam Mosbrucker and Matt Logan helped compile some of the
auxiliary video files. Reviews by Chuck Podolak, Matt Collins, Jim
Pizzuto, Gordon Grant, and Associate Editor John Buffington improved the
manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the authors, funding
agencies, or U.S. Government.
NR 54
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 6
U2 39
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 6
BP 1376
EP 1394
DI 10.1002/2013JF003073
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AN6CT
UT WOS:000340682000009
ER
PT J
AU Bridges, NT
Calef, FJ
Hallet, B
Herkenhoff, KE
Lanza, NL
Le Mouelic, S
Newman, CE
Blaney, DL
de Pablo, MA
Kocurek, GA
Langevin, Y
Lewis, KW
Mangold, N
Maurice, S
Meslin, PY
Pinet, P
Renno, NO
Rice, MS
Richardson, ME
Sautter, V
Sletten, RS
Wiens, RC
Yingst, RA
AF Bridges, N. T.
Calef, F. J.
Hallet, B.
Herkenhoff, K. E.
Lanza, N. L.
Le Mouelic, S.
Newman, C. E.
Blaney, D. L.
de Pablo, M. A.
Kocurek, G. A.
Langevin, Y.
Lewis, K. W.
Mangold, N.
Maurice, S.
Meslin, P. -Y.
Pinet, P.
Renno, N. O.
Rice, M. S.
Richardson, M. E.
Sautter, V.
Sletten, R. S.
Wiens, R. C.
Yingst, R. A.
TI The rock abrasion record at Gale Crater: Mars Science Laboratory results
from Bradbury Landing to Rocknest
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMCAM INSTRUMENT SUITE; AEOLIAN PROCESSES; DESERT VARNISH; WIND
EROSION; ORBITER DATA; SAND; VENTIFACTS; SITE; COATINGS; EARTH
AB Ventifacts, rocks abraded by wind-borne particles, are found in Gale Crater, Mars. In the eastward drive from "Bradbury Landing" to "Rocknest," they account for about half of the float and outcrop seen by Curiosity's cameras. Many are faceted and exhibit abrasion textures found at a range of scales, from submillimeter lineations to centimeter-scale facets, scallops, flutes, and grooves. The drive path geometry in the first 100 sols of the mission emphasized the identification of abrasion facets and textures formed by westerly flow. This upwind direction is inconsistent with predictions based on models and the orientation of regional dunes, suggesting that these ventifact features formed from very rare high-speed winds. The absence of active sand and evidence for deflation in the area indicates that most of the ventifacts are fossil features experiencing little abrasion today.
C1 [Bridges, N. T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Calef, F. J.; Blaney, D. L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Hallet, B.; Sletten, R. S.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Herkenhoff, K. E.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Lanza, N. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Le Mouelic, S.; Mangold, N.; Wiens, R. C.] Univ Nantes, CNRS, UMR 6112, LPGNantes, Nantes, France.
[Newman, C. E.; Richardson, M. E.] Ashima Res, Pasadena, CA USA.
[de Pablo, M. A.] Univ Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
[Kocurek, G. A.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX USA.
[Langevin, Y.] Univ Paris 11, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, Orsay, France.
[Lewis, K. W.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Maurice, S.; Meslin, P. -Y.; Pinet, P.] Univ Toulouse, CNRS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, Toulouse, France.
[Renno, N. O.] Univ Michigan, Coll Engn, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Rice, M. S.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Sautter, V.] Lab Mineral & Cosmochim Museum, Paris, France.
[Yingst, R. A.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Bridges, NT (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM nathan.bridges@jhuapl.edu
RI Bridges, Nathan/D-6341-2016
FU Mars Exploration Program
FX We are indebted to Hallie Gengl of JPL's OPGS Group for generating the
Hottah orthorectified image. Reviews, comments, and suggestions from
Lori Fenton and Laura Kerber significantly improved this paper and are
gratefully acknowledged. Funding for this work in the U.S. was provided
by the Mars Exploration Program to the MSL Project.
NR 75
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 6
BP 1374
EP 1389
DI 10.1002/2013JE004579
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AN4CK
UT WOS:000340535000015
ER
PT J
AU Pastick, NJ
Jorgenson, MT
Wylie, BK
Rose, JR
Rigge, M
Walvoord, MA
AF Pastick, Neal J.
Jorgenson, M. Torre
Wylie, Bruce K.
Rose, Joshua R.
Rigge, Matthew
Walvoord, Michelle A.
TI Spatial variability and landscape controls of near-surface permafrost
within the Alaskan Yukon River Basin
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
INTERIOR ALASKA; LAYER THICKNESS; SOIL CARBON; CANADA; DEGRADATION;
ECOSYSTEMS; REGION
AB The distribution of permafrost is important to understand because of permafrost's influence on high-latitude ecosystem structure and functions. Moreover, near-surface (defined here as within 1 m of the Earth's surface) permafrost is particularly susceptible to a warming climate and is generally poorly mapped at regional scales. Subsequently, our objectives were to (1) develop the first-known binary and probabilistic maps of near-surface permafrost distributions at a 30 m resolution in the Alaskan Yukon River Basin by employing decision tree models, field measurements, and remotely sensed and mapped biophysical data; (2) evaluate the relative contribution of 39 biophysical variables used in the models; and (3) assess the landscape-scale factors controlling spatial variations in permafrost extent. Areas estimated to be present and absent of near-surface permafrost occupy approximately 46% and 45% of the Alaskan Yukon River Basin, respectively; masked areas (e. g., water and developed) account for the remaining 9% of the landscape. Strong predictors of near-surface permafrost include climatic indices, land cover, topography, and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus spectral information. Our quantitative modeling approach enabled us to generate regional near-surface permafrost maps and provide essential information for resource managers and modelers to better understand near-surface permafrost distribution and how it relates to environmental factors and conditions.
C1 [Pastick, Neal J.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Jorgenson, M. Torre] Alaska Ecosci, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Wylie, Bruce K.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Rose, Joshua R.] Yukon Flats Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Rigge, Matthew] InuTeq, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Walvoord, Michelle A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Pastick, NJ (reprint author), Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM njpastick@usgs.gov
OI Rigge, Matthew/0000-0003-4471-8009; Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); Climate Effects Network Yukon River Basin
Project; USGS [G08PC91508]
FX Research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Land Change
Science (LandCarbon national assessment), National Research, and Climate
Land Use Research and Development Programs and initiated by the Climate
Effects Network Yukon River Basin Project. Work was performed under USGS
contract G08PC91508. We are indebted to Santosh Panda and Dana Nossov
for field data and field data collection. We thank the National Wildlife
Refuges of Artic, Koyukuk-Nowitna, Innoko, Yukon Delta, Yukon Flats, and
Kanuti for providing logistical support and field data. The lead author
would also like to personally thank Burke Minsley (USGS), Kristofer
Johnson (U. S. Department of Agriculture), and three anonymous reviewers
for constructive comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. The
digital near-surface permafrost data products will be made available for
download from the USGS EROS Land Cover Applications and Global Change
website (http://lca.usgs.gov/lca/), and a portion of the field
observations used in this study may be obtained by contacting the lead
author. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 82
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 21
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 6
BP 1244
EP 1265
DI 10.1002/2013JG002594
PG 22
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AN4FF
UT WOS:000340542300013
ER
PT J
AU Lentz, SJ
Butman, B
Harris, C
AF Lentz, Steven J.
Butman, Bradford
Harris, Courtney
TI The vertical structure of the circulation and dynamics in Hudson Shelf
Valley
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEW-YORK-BIGHT; BOTTOM BOUNDARY-LAYER; NEW-ENGLAND SHELF;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SUBMARINE CANYONS; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT;
NUMERICAL-MODEL; FLOW; CURRENTS; STRATIFICATION
AB Hudson Shelf Valley is a 20-30 m deep, 5-10 km wide v-shaped submarine valley that extends across the Middle Atlantic Bight continental shelf. The valley provides a conduit for cross-shelf exchange via along-valley currents of 0.5 m s(-1) or more. Current profile, pressure, and density observations collected during the winter of 1999-2000 are used to examine the vertical structure and dynamics of the flow. Near-bottom along-valley currents having times scales of a few days are driven by cross-shelf pressure gradients setup by wind stresses, with eastward (westward) winds driving onshore (offshore) flow within the valley. The along-valley momentum balance in the bottom boundary layer is predominantly between the pressure gradient and bottom stress because the valley bathymetry limits current veering. Above the bottom boundary layer, the flow veers toward an along-shelf (cross-valley) orientation and a geostrophic balance with some contribution from the wind stress (surface Ekman layer). The vertical structure and strength of the along-valley current depends on the magnitude and direction of the wind stress. During offshore flows driven by westward winds, the near-bottom stratification within the valley increases resulting in a thinner bottom boundary layer and weaker offshore currents. Conversely, during onshore flows driven by eastward winds the near-bottom stratification decreases resulting in a thicker bottom boundary layer and stronger onshore currents. Consequently, for wind stress magnitudes exceeding 0.1 N m(-2), onshore along-valley transport associated with eastward wind stress exceeds the offshore transport associated with westward wind stress of the same magnitude.
C1 [Lentz, Steven J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Butman, Bradford] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Harris, Courtney] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Dept Phys Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
RP Lentz, SJ (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM slentz@whoi.edu
OI Lentz, Steven/0000-0001-7498-0281
FU NSF [OCE-1154575]; Coastal Ocean Institute at Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution
FX The authors appreciate suggestions by Marlene Noble (USGS) and three
anonymous reviewers that substantially improved the manuscript.
Conversations with Stephen Henderson (Washington State University) were
helpful in thinking about the interplay between the near-bottom flow and
stratification. The 2006 USGS moorings were deployed in collaboration
with Robert Chant (Rutgers University). Lentz was supported by the NSF
under grant OCE-1154575 and by the Coastal Ocean Institute at Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 55
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 6
BP 3694
EP 3713
DI 10.1002/2014JC009883
PG 20
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AN2KT
UT WOS:000340414800026
ER
PT J
AU Ng, GHC
Bedford, DR
Miller, DM
AF Ng, Gene-Hua Crystal
Bedford, David R.
Miller, David M.
TI A mechanistic modeling and data assimilation framework for Mojave Desert
ecohydrology
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; REMOTE-SENSING DATA; TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY;
SQUARE-ROOT FILTERS; LARREA-TRIDENTATA; SOIL-WATER; TERRESTRIAL CARBON;
ECOSYSTEM MODEL; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; VEGETATION DYNAMICS
AB This study demonstrates and addresses challenges in coupled ecohydrological modeling in deserts, which arise due to unique plant adaptations, marginal growing conditions, slow net primary production rates, and highly variable rainfall. We consider model uncertainty from both structural and parameter errors and present a mechanistic model for the shrub Larrea tridentata (creosote bush) under conditions found in the Mojave National Preserve in southeastern California (USA). Desert-specific plant and soil features are incorporated into the CLM-CN model by Oleson et al. (2010). We then develop a data assimilation framework using the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) to estimate model parameters based on soil moisture and leaf-area index observations. A new implementation procedure, the "multisite loop EnKF,'' tackles parameter estimation difficulties found to affect desert ecohydrological applications. Specifically, the procedure iterates through data from various observation sites to alleviate adverse filter impacts from non-Gaussianity in small desert vegetation state values. It also readjusts inconsistent parameters and states through a model spin-up step that accounts for longer dynamical time scales due to infrequent rainfall in deserts. Observation error variance inflation may also be needed to help prevent divergence of estimates from true values. Synthetic test results highlight the importance of adequate observations for reducing model uncertainty, which can be achieved through data quality or quantity.
C1 [Ng, Gene-Hua Crystal; Bedford, David R.; Miller, David M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Ng, Gene-Hua Crystal] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA.
RP Ng, GHC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM gcng@umn.edu
FU Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellowship from the U.S. Geological Survey
FX This work was supported by the Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellowship from
the U.S. Geological Survey. We would like to thank John Nimmo and
Kimberlie Perkins of the USGS for providing soil data and access to
laboratory facilities. We acknowledge helpful discussions regarding
Mojave Desert plant ecology with Darren Sandquist of California State
University, Fullerton. We greatly appreciate computer cluster assistance
from Larry Baker of the USGS. Chris Green of the USGS, the Associate
Editor, and three anonymous reviewers provided comments that greatly
improved the manuscript. The corresponding author (G.-H. C. Ng) may be
contacted for access to the modified CLM-CN code, Mojave Desert input
data, model simulation outputs, and data assimilation files.
NR 122
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 36
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 6
BP 4662
EP 4685
DI 10.1002/2014WR015281
PG 24
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AN2QM
UT WOS:000340430400007
ER
PT J
AU Gomez-Velez, JD
Krause, S
Wilson, JL
AF Gomez-Velez, Jesus D.
Krause, Stefan
Wilson, John L.
TI Effect of low-permeability layers on spatial patterns of hyporheic
exchange and groundwater upwelling
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID REDUCING MONITORING GAPS; AQUIFER-RIVER INTERFACE; PROCESSES. DOI
10.1002/HYP.8080; SEDIMENT-WATER INTERFACE; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY;
SURFACE-WATER; BED FORMS; AGE DISTRIBUTIONS; TECKLENBURG C; LOWLAND
RIVER
AB Bed form-induced hyporheic interactions are characterized by a nested system of flow paths that continuously exchange water, solutes, momentum, and energy. At the local scale, sediment heterogeneity plays a key role in the hydrodynamics and potential for biogeochemical transformations within the hyporheic zone. This manuscript explores the role of low-permeability sedimentary layers on the interplay between bed form-induced hyporheic exchange and groundwater upwelling. A hydrodynamic conceptualization that sequentially couples fully-turbulent flow in the water column and Darcian flow in the sediment is used. Low-permeability layers are characterized by long residence times and solute accumulation. Furthermore, these layers induce hydrodynamic sequestration due to the relocation and, in some cases, emergence of new stagnation zones. Spatial patterns of residence time distributions and flushing intensities indicate that the interface of the low-permeability layers has the potential to be a hot spot for biogeochemical transformations and flow acceleration near such interface can increase the mobilization capacity for the products of redox chemical and microbial processes. A discussion about the possible implications that hydrodynamic changes have on the biogeochemistry of hyporheic zones is presented; however, further biogeochemical experimentation and modeling are needed to validate these arguments.
C1 [Gomez-Velez, Jesus D.; Wilson, John L.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Earth & Environm Sci Dept, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Krause, Stefan] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
RP Gomez-Velez, JD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM jgomezvelez@usgs.gov
RI Krause, Stefan/C-4351-2008
OI Krause, Stefan/0000-0003-2521-2248
FU National Science Foundation through the New Mexico EPSCoR Track I-II
[EAR 0814449]; project Dynamic Groundwater Age Distributions: Exploring
Watershed Scale Subsurface Systems [EAR 1015100]; American Geophysical
Union Horton Research grant; New Mexico Water Resources Research
Institute Student grant
FX This research was funded by the National Science Foundation through the
New Mexico EPSCoR Track I-II (award EAR 0814449) and the project Dynamic
Groundwater Age Distributions: Exploring Watershed Scale Subsurface
Systems (award EAR 1015100) awarded to New Mexico Tech. Additional
funding was provided by an American Geophysical Union Horton Research
grant and a New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute Student grant
awarded to Jesus D. Gomez-Velez. The authors thank C. N. Dahm, W. D.
Stone, M. Person, and F. M. Phillips at New Mexico Tech and J. W. Harvey
at USGS for their valuable suggestions regarding this article.
NR 100
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 12
U2 49
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 6
BP 5196
EP 5215
DI 10.1002/2013WR015054
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AN2QM
UT WOS:000340430400037
ER
PT J
AU Mazza, SE
Gazel, E
Johnson, EA
Kunk, MJ
McAleer, R
Spotila, JA
Bizimis, M
Coleman, DS
AF Mazza, Sarah E.
Gazel, Esteban
Johnson, Elizabeth A.
Kunk, Michael J.
McAleer, Ryan
Spotila, James A.
Bizimis, Michael
Coleman, Drew S.
TI Volcanoes of the passive margin: The youngest magmatic event in eastern
North America
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; DELAMINATION; LITHOSPHERE; PROVINCE; BENEATH; PB
AB The rifted eastern North American margin (ENAM) provides important clues to the long-term evolution of continental margins. An Eocene volcanic swarm exposed in the Appalachian Valley and Ridge Province of Virginia and West Virginia (USA) contains the youngest known igneous rocks in the ENAM. These magmas provide the only window into the most recent deep processes contributing to the postrift evolution of this margin. Here we present new Ar-40/Ar-39 ages, geochemical data, and radiogenic isotopes that constrain the melting conditions and the timing of emplacement. Modeling of the melting conditions on primitive basalts yielded an average temperature and pressure of 1412 +/- 25 degrees C and 2.32 +/- 0.31 GPa, corresponding to a mantle potential temperature of similar to 1410 degrees C, suggesting melting conditions slightly higher than average mantle temperatures beneath mid-ocean ridges. When compared with magmas from Atlantic hotspots, the Eocene ENAM samples share isotopic signatures with the Azores and Cape Verde. This similarity suggests the possibility of a large-scale dissemination of similar sources in the upper mantle left over from the opening of the Atlantic Ocean. Asthenosphere upwelling related to localized lithospheric delamination is a possible process that can explain the intraplate signature of these magmas that lack evidence of a thermal anomaly. This process can also explain the Cenozoic dynamic topography and evidence of rejuvenation of the central Appalachians.
C1 [Mazza, Sarah E.; Gazel, Esteban; Spotila, James A.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Johnson, Elizabeth A.] James Madison Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA.
[Kunk, Michael J.; McAleer, Ryan] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Bizimis, Michael] Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Coleman, Drew S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
RP Mazza, SE (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, 4044 Derring Hall 0420, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM egazel@vt.edu
OI Bizimis, Michael/0000-0002-4611-6928
FU GeoPrisms-National Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR-1249412/1249438]; NSF
[OCE-1129280]
FX This project was supported by a GeoPrisms-National Science Foundation
(NSF) award (grant EAR-1249412/1249438) to Gazel and Johnson, and NSF
grant OCE-1129280 to Bizimis. We thank D. Doctor (U.S. Geological
Survey) and R. Diecchio (George Mason University) for help in sample
collection, and M. Bulas (James Madison University) for sample
collection and preparation. Reviews and comments by M. Jackson, D.
Peate, and an anonymous reviewer significantly improved the original
manuscript. This manuscript also benefited from discussion with T.
Plank, S. Southworth, and K. Hoernle. We also thank R. Holdsworth for
editorial handling.
NR 34
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 4
U2 28
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 6
BP 483
EP 486
DI 10.1130/G35407.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AM6GI
UT WOS:000339961100008
ER
PT J
AU Graly, JA
Humphrey, NF
Landowski, CM
Harper, JT
AF Graly, Joseph A.
Humphrey, Neil F.
Landowski, Claire M.
Harper, Joel T.
TI Chemical weathering under the Greenland Ice Sheet
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WEST GREENLAND; SOLUTE ACQUISITION; GARHWAL HIMALAYA; WATER CHEMISTRY;
GLACIER; HYDROCHEMISTRY; SWITZERLAND; PERSPECTIVE; DENUDATION; MELTWATER
AB To contrast continental and alpine subglacial weathering regimes and thereby assess the role of large ice masses in chemical weathering, borehole and outlet water samples were collected from multiple locations on a major, land-terminating outlet of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Boreholes, reaching ice depths to 824 m, were drilled to the bed with hot-water methods in four areas of the ice sheet ablation zone along a 45 km transect extending inland from the outlet terminus. The bulk chemical composition of these samples shows substantially less influence of sulfides and carbonates than found in alpine glaciers, suggesting that the sediment under this region of the ice sheet has become depleted of accessory minerals. The waters show wide variability in chemical composition over both large and small temporal-spatial scales, suggesting large ranges in length of subglacial water storage and in rates of abrasion and comminution of subglacial earth materials. The dissolved solids concentrations found in the Greenland Ice Sheet are comparable to and in some cases exceed those of alpine glaciers, suggesting that large ice masses are capable of generating substantial dissolved loads through silicate weathering mechanisms.
C1 [Graly, Joseph A.; Humphrey, Neil F.; Landowski, Claire M.] Univ Wyoming, Dept 3006, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Landowski, Claire M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Harper, Joel T.] Univ Montana, Dept Geosci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Graly, JA (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept 3006, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
OI Graly, Joseph/0000-0002-7939-6022
FU Greenland Analogue Project (Svensk Karnbranslehantering AB, Posiva,
Nuclear Waste Management Organization); U.S. National Science Foundation
[ARC-0909122]
FX This work would not have been possible without funding from the
Greenland Analogue Project (Svensk Karnbranslehantering AB, Posiva,
Nuclear Waste Management Organization) and U.S. National Science
Foundation grant ARC-0909122. Analytic work was performed by the U. S.
Geological Survey in Boulder, Colorado, and by the Geological Survey of
Finland. Editing by J. Spotila and reviews by K. Follmi and two
anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. Comments on a draft
of the paper by J. Drever, and conversations with S. Trampush and J.
Kaszuba were very useful.
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 14
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 6
BP 551
EP 554
DI 10.1130/G35370.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AM6GI
UT WOS:000339961100025
ER
PT J
AU Brothers, D
Luttrell, K
Chaytor, J
AF Brothers, Daniel
Luttrell, Karen
Chaytor, Jason
TI Sea-level-induced seismicity and submarine landslide occurrence
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MARGIN
C1 [Brothers, Daniel; Chaytor, Jason] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Luttrell, Karen] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Brothers, D (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RI Luttrell, Karen/D-6772-2015
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 12
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 6
BP E339
EP E339
DI 10.1130/G35711Y.1
PG 1
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AM6GI
UT WOS:000339961100003
ER
PT J
AU Wu, YP
Liu, SG
Huang, ZH
Yan, WD
AF Wu, Yiping
Liu, Shuguang
Huang, Zhihong
Yan, Wende
TI Parameter optimization, sensitivity, and uncertainty analysis of an
ecosystem model at a forest flux tower site in the United States
SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHRONIC NITROGEN ADDITIONS; GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; CENTRAL
NEW-ENGLAND; CARBON DYNAMICS; AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION; EDDY-COVARIANCE;
GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; DATA ASSIMILATION; HARVARD FOREST; ADAPTIVE MCMC
AB Ecosystem models are useful tools for understanding ecological processes and for sustainable management of resources. In biogeochemical field, numerical models have been widely used for investigating carbon dynamics under global changes from site to regional and global scales. However, it is still challenging to optimize parameters and estimate parameterization uncertainty for complex process-based models such as the Erosion Deposition Carbon Model (EDCM), a modified version of CENTURY, that consider carbon, water, and nutrient cycles of ecosystems. This study was designed to conduct the parameter identifiability, optimization, sensitivity, and uncertainty analysis of EDCM using our developed EDCM-Auto, which incorporated a comprehensive R package-Flexible Modeling Framework (FME) and the Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE) algorithm. Using a forest flux tower site as a case study, we implemented a comprehensive modeling analysis involving nine parameters and four target variables (carbon and water fluxes) with their corresponding measurements based on the eddy covariance technique. The local sensitivity analysis shows that the plant production-related parameters (e.g., PPDF1 and PRDX) are most sensitive to the model cost function. Both SCE and FME are comparable and performed well in deriving the optimal parameter set with satisfactory simulations of target variables. Global sensitivity and uncertainty analysis indicate that the parameter uncertainty and the resulting output uncertainty can be quantified, and that the magnitude of parameter-uncertainty effects depends on variables and seasons. This study also demonstrates that using the cutting-edge R functions such as FME can be feasible and attractive for conducting comprehensive parameter analysis for ecosystem modeling.
C1 [Wu, Yiping] ASRC Res & Technol Solut, US Geol Survey Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ct, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Liu, Shuguang] US Geol Survey Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Liu, Shuguang] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Huang, Zhihong; Yan, Wende] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Nat Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol So Chin, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
RP Wu, YP (reprint author), ASRC Res & Technol Solut, US Geol Survey Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ct, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM ywu@usgs.gov; sliu@usgs.gov
RI Wu, Yiping/D-2276-2012
OI Wu, Yiping/0000-0002-5163-0884
FU Land Carbon Project (GEMS Modeling), U.S. Carbon Trends, Chinese
Forestry Specific Research grant [201404316]; Science Foundation of
Hunan Province [[2013]7]; Hunan Province Key Laboratory Project for
Forest Ecology in Urban Areas; USGS [G13PC00028]
FX This study was supported by the Land Carbon Project (GEMS Modeling),
U.S. Carbon Trends, Chinese Forestry Specific Research grant for Public
Benefits (201404316), Science Foundation of Hunan Province ([2013]7),
and Hunan Province Key Laboratory Project for Forest Ecology in Urban
Areas. The work of Y. Wu was performed under USGS contract G13PC00028.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The authors
declared no conflict of interest exists. The input data used for this
study are described in section 2.4 and the output results are available
upon contacting the first author. We thank Lei Ji (InuTeq, contractor to
USGS EROS) for performing internal review and Thomas Adamson (SGT,
contractor to USGS EROS) and Sandra Cooper (USGS) for further editing.
We are also grateful to the two anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments and suggestions.
NR 84
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1942-2466
J9 J ADV MODEL EARTH SY
JI J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 2
BP 405
EP 419
DI 10.1002/2013MS000298
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM7TR
UT WOS:000340072100007
ER
PT J
AU Gold, RD
Briggs, RW
Personius, SF
Crone, AJ
Mahan, SA
Angster, SJ
AF Gold, Ryan D.
Briggs, Richard W.
Personius, Stephen F.
Crone, Anthony J.
Mahan, Shannon A.
Angster, Stephen J.
TI Latest Quaternary paleoseismology and evidence of distributed dextral
shear along the Mohawk Valley fault zone, northern Walker Lane,
California
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-ANDREAS-FAULT; CENTRAL GARLOCK FAULT; HOLOCENE SLIP RATE; ALTYN TAGH
FAULT; STRAIN ACCUMULATION; EASTERN CALIFORNIA; NEW-ZEALAND;
NORTHEASTERN CALIFORNIA; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; LATE PLEISTOCENE
AB The dextral-slip Mohawk Valley fault zone (MVFZ) strikes northwestward along the eastern margin of the Sierra Nevada in the northern Walker Lane. Geodetic block modeling indicates that the MVFZ may accommodate similar to 3 mm/yr of regional dextral strain, implying that it is the highest slip-rate strike-slip fault in the region; however, only limited geologic data are available to constrain the system's slip rate and earthquake history. We mapped the MVFZ using airborne lidar data and field observations and identified a site near Sulphur Creek for paleoseismic investigation. At this site, oblique dextral-normal faulting on the steep valley margin has created a closed depression that floods annually during spring snowmelt to form an ephemeral pond. We excavated three fault-perpendicular trenches at the site and exposed pond sediment that interfingers with multiple colluvial packages eroded from the scarp that bounds the eastern side of the pond. We documented evidence for four surface-rupturing earthquakes on this strand of the MVFZ. OxCal modeling of radiocarbon and luminescence ages indicates that these earthquakes occurred at 14.0 ka, 12.8 ka, 5.7 ka, and 1.9 ka. The mean similar to 4 kyr recurrence interval is inconsistent with slip rates of similar to 3 mm/yr; these rates imply surface ruptures of more than 10 m per event, which is geologically implausible for the subdued geomorphic expression and 60 km length of the MVFZ. We propose that unidentified structures not yet incorporated into geodetic models may accommodate significant dextral shear across the northern Walker Lane, highlighting the role of distributed deformation in this region.
C1 [Gold, Ryan D.; Briggs, Richard W.; Personius, Stephen F.; Crone, Anthony J.; Angster, Stephen J.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Mahan, Shannon A.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Gold, RD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM rgold@usgs.gov
RI Briggs, Richard/A-1348-2013;
OI Briggs, Richard/0000-0001-8108-0046; Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774
FU U.S. Geological Survey Earthquake Hazards Program
FX We thank Dan West and the Graeagle Land and Water Company for permission
to conduct this study on private land. We also thank Tom Sawyer, Alan
Ramelli, Lucille Piety, Joanna Redwine, Ralph Klinger, and Sarah Derouin
for observations and critical field review of the trenches. Lee-Ann
Bradley provided technical assistance drafting the trench logs. Scott
Bennett and two anonymous reviewers provided thoughtful suggestions that
significantly improved this manuscript. The U.S. Geological Survey
Earthquake Hazards Program supported this work. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 83
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 6
BP 5014
EP 5032
DI 10.1002/2014JB010987
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AM2WG
UT WOS:000339711000029
ER
PT J
AU Buscombe, D
Rubin, DM
Lacy, JR
Storlazzi, CD
Hatcher, G
Chezar, H
Wyland, R
Sherwood, CR
AF Buscombe, Daniel
Rubin, David M.
Lacy, Jessica R.
Storlazzi, Curt D.
Hatcher, Gerald
Chezar, Henry
Wyland, Robert
Sherwood, Christopher R.
TI Autonomous bed-sediment imaging-systems for revealing temporal
variability of grain size
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIGITAL IMAGES; TRANSPORT; MODEL; SHELF; BEACH; FLOW; ENVIRONMENTS;
CALIFORNIA; DYNAMICS; RIPPLES
AB We describe a remotely operated video microscope system, designed to provide high-resolution images of seabed sediments. Two versions were developed, which differ in how they raise the camera from the seabed. The first used hydraulics and the second used the energy associated with wave orbital motion. Images were analyzed using automated frequency-domain methods, which following a rigorous partially supervised quality control procedure, yielded estimates to within 20% of the true size as determined by on-screen manual measurements of grains. Long-term grain-size variability at a sandy inner shelf site offshore of Santa Cruz, California, USA, was investigated using the hydraulic system. Eighteen months of high frequency (min to h), high-resolution (mu m) images were collected, and grain size distributions compiled. The data constitutes the longest known high-frequency record of seabed-grain size at this sample frequency, at any location. Short-term grain-size variability of sand in an energetic surf zone at Praa Sands, Cornwall, UK was investigated using the 'wave-powered' system. The data are the first high-frequency record of grain size at a single location of a highly mobile and evolving bed in a natural surf zone. Using this technology, it is now possible to measure bed-sediment-grain size at a time-scale comparable with flow conditions. Results suggest models of sediment transport at sandy, wave-dominated, nearshore locations should allow for substantial changes in grain-size distribution over time-scales as short as a few hours.
C1 [Buscombe, Daniel] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Rubin, David M.; Lacy, Jessica R.; Storlazzi, Curt D.; Hatcher, Gerald; Chezar, Henry; Wyland, Robert] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Sherwood, Christopher R.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Buscombe, D (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM dbuscombe@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and
Marine Geology Program. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government. Thanks to Josh Logan, Tom Reiss, Jamie Grover, and Pete Dal
Ferro (all at USGS Santa Cruz) for diving and boat handling. Thanks to
Daniel Conley, Peter Ganderton, and volunteers at the Coastal Processes
Research Group at Plymouth University, UK, for help with installing the
wave-powered system. Parker Allwardt carried out many manual
point-counts on images for method validation. Kevin O'Toole and Tim
Elfers provided additional technical support. Theresa Fregoso prepared
the map in Fig. 2, and Shandy Buckley assisted with data processing.
Thanks to Jon Warrick and two anonymous reviewers for constructive
comments, which significantly improved the manuscript.
NR 42
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1541-5856
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR-METH
JI Limnol. Oceanogr. Meth.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 12
BP 390
EP 406
DI 10.4319/lom.2014.12.390
PG 17
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AM0PW
UT WOS:000339548800005
ER
PT J
AU Cline, TJ
Kitchell, JF
Bennington, V
Mckinley, GA
Moody, EK
Weidel, BC
AF Cline, Timothy J.
Kitchell, James F.
Bennington, Val
Mckinley, Galen A.
Moody, Eric K.
Weidel, Brian C.
TI Climate impacts on landlocked sea lamprey: Implications for
host-parasite interactions and invasive species management
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive management; climate change; Great Lakes; host; invasive
species; Lake Superior; lake trout; parasite; sea lamprey
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; LAKE-SUPERIOR;
GREAT-LAKES; WATER TEMPERATURE; FISH COMMUNITY; GROWTH; METAMORPHOSIS;
MORTALITY; LETHALITY
AB Altered thermal regimes under climate change may influence host-parasite interactions and invasive species, both potentially impacting valuable ecosystem services. There is considerable interest in how parasite life cycle rates, growth, and impacts on hosts will change under altered environmental temperatures. Likewise, transformed thermal regimes may reduce natural resistance and barriers preventing establishment of invasive species or alter the range and impacts of established exotic species. The Laurentian Great Lakes are some of the most invaded ecosystems and have been profoundly shaped by exotic species. Invasion by the parasitic sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) contributed to major declines in many Great Lakes fish populations. In Lake Superior, substantial progress has been made towards controlling invasive sea lamprey and rehabilitating native fish populations. Surface water temperatures in Lake Superior have been increasing rapidly since 1980 presenting a new challenge for management. Here we test how thermal changes in Lake Superior have impacted the feeding and growth of the parasitic sea lamprey. Sea lamprey have increased in size corresponding with longer durations of thermal habitat (i.e., longer growing seasons) for their preferred hosts. To compare regional differences in sea lamprey feeding and growth rates, we used a bioenergetics model with temperature estimates from a lake-wide hydrodynamic model hindcast from 1979-2006. Spatial differences in patterns of warming across the lake result in regionally different predictions for increases in sea lamprey feeding rates and size. These predictions were matched by data from adult sea lamprey spawning in streams draining into these different thermal regions. Larger sea lampreys will be more fecund and have increased feeding rates, thus increasing mortality among host fishes. Resource management should consider these climate driven regional impacts when allocating resources to sea lamprey control efforts. Under new and evolving thermal regimes, successful management systems may need to be restructured for changing phenology, growth, and shifts in host-parasite systems towards greater impacts on host populations.
C1 [Cline, Timothy J.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Kitchell, James F.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Bennington, Val; Mckinley, Galen A.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Nelson Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Moody, Eric K.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Weidel, Brian C.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
RP Cline, TJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM tjcline@uw.edu
FU University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute from National Sea Grant
College Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S.
Department of Commerce; State of Wisconsin [NA100AR4170070]; National
Science Foundation; NSF GRFP fellowship
FX This work was funded by the University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute
under grants from the National Sea Grant College Program, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, and
from the State of Wisconsin (Federal grant number NA100AR4170070) to
James Kitchell, grants to Galen McKinley from the National Science
Foundation, and an NSF GRFP fellowship to Tim Cline. We are deeply
grateful to Jean Adams (USGS) and Jessica Barber (USFWS) for providing
access to sea lamprey data. We thank Jeff Jorgensen, Greg Sass, and
Sture Hansson for help in assembling and conducting preliminary data
analyses. We thank the editor of Ecosphere, reviewer John Holmes, and an
anonymous reviewer for comments, which greatly improved the clarity of
the analysis and manuscript.
NR 57
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 12
U2 85
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 6
AR 68
DI 10.1890/ES14-00059.1
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AL1ZH
UT WOS:000338925000002
ER
PT J
AU Marcarelli, AM
Baxter, CV
Wipfli, MS
AF Marcarelli, Amy M.
Baxter, Colden V.
Wipfli, Mark S.
TI Nutrient additions to mitigate for loss of Pacific salmon: consequences
for stream biofilm and nutrient dynamics
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE biofilm; Idaho; mitigation; nutrient limitation; nutrient uptake;
Oncorhynchus spp.; Pacific salmon; stable isotopes
ID MARINE-DERIVED NUTRIENTS; COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; SOUTHEAST ALASKA
STREAMS; SPAWNING SALMON; CARCASS ANALOG; FRESH-WATER; TEMPORAL
VARIATION; NITROGEN-FIXATION; IDAHO STREAMS; FOOD WEBS
AB Mitigation activities designed to supplement nutrient and organic matter inputs to streams experiencing decline or loss of Pacific salmon typically presuppose that an important pathway by which salmon nutrients are moved to fish (anadromous and/or resident) is via nutrient incorporation by biofilms and subsequent bottom-up stimulation of biofilm production, which is nutrient-limited in many ecosystems where salmon returns have declined. Our objective was to quantify the magnitude of nutrient incorporation and biofilm dynamics that underpin this indirect pathway in response to experimental additions of salmon carcasses and pelletized fish meal (a.k.a., salmon carcass analogs) to 500-m reaches of central Idaho streams over three years. Biofilm standing crops increased 2-8-fold and incorporated marine-derived nutrients (measured using N-15 and C-13) in the month following treatment, but these responses did not persist year-to-year. Biofilms were nitrogen (N) limited before treatments, and remained N limited in analog, but not carcass-treated reaches. Despite these biofilm responses, in the month following treatment total N load was equal to 33-47% of the N added to the treated reaches, and N spiraling measurements suggested that as much as 20%, but more likely 2-3% of added N was taken up by microbes. Design of biologically and cost-effective strategies for nutrient addition will require understanding the rates at which stream microbes take up nutrients and the downstream distance traveled by exported nutrients.
C1 [Marcarelli, Amy M.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Marcarelli, Amy M.; Baxter, Colden V.] Idaho State Univ, Stream Ecol Ctr, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska, US Geol Survey, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Marcarelli, AM (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
EM ammarcar@mtu.edu
OI Marcarelli, Amy/0000-0002-4175-9211
FU Bonneville Power Administration [2007-332-00]; Idaho Department of Fish
and Game; Idaho Power
FX This research was funded by the Bonneville Power Administration
(2007-332-00), the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and Idaho Power.
The experiment was conducted in collaboration with G. Servheen, S.
Collins, K. Kavanagh, C. Robbins, L. Felicetti, J. Chandler, L. Hebdon,
T. Wheeler, A. Noble-Stuen, and S. Florin. Past and present members of
the Stream Ecology Center at Idaho State University provided
intellectual and logistical support, particularly S. Collins, R. Martin,
H. Bechtold, J. Benjamin, J. R. Bellmore, C. Morris, J. Leuders-Dumont,
J. Haddix, N. Tillotson and H. Harris. D. Warren and 4 anonymous
reviewers provided comments that improved the quality of this
manuscript, and J. Anderson prepared Fig. 1. Any use of trade, product,
or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 85
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 29
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 6
AR 69
DI 10.1890/ES13-00366.1
PG 22
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AL1ZH
UT WOS:000338925000003
ER
PT J
AU Monroe, EM
Britten, HB
AF Monroe, Emy M.
Britten, Hugh B.
TI Conservation in Hine's sight: the conservation genetics of the federally
endangered Hine's emerald dragonfly, Somatochlora hineana
SO JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Microsatellite; Odonata; Population structure; Population genetics
ID MICROSATELLITE NULL ALLELES; POPULATION-GENETICS; PHYLOGENETIC TREES;
MULTIPLE ALLELES; MARKERS
AB Hine's emerald dragonfly (Somatochlora hineana) is distributed in discrete fen and wet meadow habitats over its range from Ontario, Canada, to Missouri, USA. Habitat destruction in the vicinity of Chicago, IL, and other areas lead to its designation as an US federal endangered species in 1995. Our main goal was to delineate the population genetic structure of the species within the northern recovery unit centered on the Door Peninsula in Wisconsin and the southern recovery unit in the Des Plaines River Valley near Chicago, IL. Sites on the Door Peninsula, WI, are in a matrix of agricultural development and second-growth forest and were used as a best available approximation of a pristine system for the dragonfly. We nondestructively sampled 557 adults and larvae from 16 sites in Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin from 2008 through 2011 and used ten microsatellite markers to estimate levels of genetic variability, and genetic structure. Mean allelic richness across all sites and years was 5.03 (+/- 0.64) and expected heterozygosity was 0.52 (+/- 0.032). Northern and southern recovery units as designated in the original recovery plan were genetically distinct. We delineated two genetic populations in the northern unit and three within the southern including two disjunct sites.
C1 [Monroe, Emy M.; Britten, Hugh B.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA.
RP Monroe, EM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Whitney Genet Lab, 555 Lester Ave, Onalaska, WI 54650 USA.
EM emymonroe@gmail.com; hugh.britten@usd.edu
FU Illinois State Toll Highway Authority; Illinois Department of Natural
Resources; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; National Science Foundation
[MRI-0923419]
FX We thank the many Soluk lab summer research technicians, L. Brotkowski,
A. Monroe, and M. Koster for help obtaining field specimens. Funding was
provided by the Illinois State Toll Highway Authority and we thank A. La
Porte for assistance as our point of contact with that agency.
Additional funding was provided by the Illinois Department of Natural
Resources and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. None of our funding
sources had any role in study design, execution of the work or writing
of the manuscript. In-kind support was provided by The Nature
Conservancy Wisconsin Chapter, the DuPage County Forest Preserve
District, and the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Field Station.
Funding for the genetic analyzer was provided by the National Science
Foundation grant #MRI-0923419. We thank L. Riley and J. Filler for
assistance in the lab, J. Brown for creating the map, and two anonymous
reviewers for helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript.
All specimens were obtained under permits #TE805269-11 and #TE805269-13
issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as well as all required
state and local permits.
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 6
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1366-638X
EI 1572-9753
J9 J INSECT CONSERV
JI J. Insect Conserv.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 18
IS 3
BP 353
EP 363
DI 10.1007/s10841-014-9643-7
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology
GA AL2VH
UT WOS:000338983200007
ER
PT J
AU Braun, CE
Oyler-McCance, SJ
Nehring, JA
Commons, ML
Young, JR
Potter, KM
AF Braun, Clait E.
Oyler-McCance, Sara J.
Nehring, Jennifer A.
Commons, Michelle L.
Young, Jessica R.
Potter, Kim M.
TI THE HISTORICAL DISTRIBUTION OF GUNNISON SAGE-GROUSE IN COLORADO
SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Centrocercus minimus; C. urophasianus; Colorado; Greater Sage-Grouse;
Gunnison Sage-Grouse
ID SOUTHWESTERN COLORADO; CENTROCERCUS
AB The historical distribution of Gunnison Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus minimus) in Colorado is described based on published literature, observations, museum specimens, and the known distribution of sagebrush (Artemisia spp.). Historically, Gunnison Sage-Grouse were widely but patchily distributed in up to 22 counties in south-central and southwestern Colorado. The historical distribution of this species was south of the Colorado-Eagle river drainages primarily west of the Continental Divide. Potential contact areas with Greater Sage-Grouse (C. urophasianus) were along the Colorado-Eagle river system in Mesa, Garfield, and Eagle counties, west of the Continental Divide Gunnison Sage-Grouse historically occupied habitats that were naturally highly fragmented by forested mountains and plateaus/mesas, intermountain basins without robust species of sagebrush, and river systems. This species adapted to use areas with more deciduous shrubs (i.e., Quercus spp., Anzelanchier spp., Prunus spp.) in conjunction with sagebrush. Most areas historically occupied were small, linear, and patchily distributed within the overall landscape matrix. The exception was the large intermountain basin in Gunnison, Hinsdale, and Saguache counties. The documented distribution east of the Continental Divide within the large expanse of the San Luis Valley (Alamosa, Conejos, Costilla, and Rio Grande counties) was minimal and mostly on the eastern, northern, and southern fringes. Many formerly occupied habitat patches were vacant by the mid 1940s with extirpations continuing to the late 1990s. Counties from which populations were recently extirpated include Archuleta and Pitkin (1960s), and Eagle, Garfield, Montezuma, and Ouray (1990s). Received 1 November 2013. Accepted 29 January 2014.
C1 [Braun, Clait E.] Grouse Inc, Tucson, AZ 85750 USA.
[Oyler-McCance, Sara J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Nehring, Jennifer A.] Wetland Dynam LLC, Monte Vista, CO 81144 USA.
[Commons, Michelle L.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Nampa, ID 83686 USA.
[Young, Jessica R.] Western State Colorado Univ, Gunnison, CO 81231 USA.
[Potter, Kim M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rifle, CO 81650 USA.
RP Braun, CE (reprint author), Grouse Inc, Tucson, AZ 85750 USA.
EM sgwtp66@gmail.com
FU Colorado Division of Wildlife; [W-152-R]; [W-167-R]
FX Field work during 1977-1999 was supported by the Colorado Division of
Wildlife. We thank all field personnel who helped with studies in Delta,
Dolores, Gunnison, Mesa, Montrose, Saguache, and San Miguel counties,
especially Area Wildlife Manager Jim Houston, Wildlife Managers Cliff
Coghill, Dale Coven, Dave Harper, Doug Homan, Bill Heicher, Dave Kenvin,
and Maurice Potter, and Wildlife Biologist Jim Olterman. We thank Joanne
Saher for her insightful comments on the manuscript and for help with
figures. We also thank two anonymous referees for helpful reviews of the
manuscript. This is a contribution from Federal Aid to Wildlife
Restoration projects W-152-R and W-167-R.
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 19
PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 1559-4491
EI 1938-5447
J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL
JI Wilson J. Ornithol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 126
IS 2
BP 207
EP 217
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AL2SM
UT WOS:000338975600003
ER
PT J
AU Aldinger, KR
Wood, PB
AF Aldinger, Kyle R.
Wood, Petra Bohall
TI REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS AND HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS OF GOLDEN-WINGED
WARBLERS IN HIGH-ELEVATION PASTURELANDS
SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE breeding habitat; classification tree; Golden-winged Warbler; grazing;
habitat selection; pasture; Vermivora cluysoptera
ID VERMIVORA-CHRYSOPTERA; REGRESSION TREES; NESTING SUCCESS;
CLASSIFICATION; POPULATIONS; VEGETATION; PARASITISM; MOUNTAINS;
AGREEMENT; SELECTION
AB The Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) is one of the most rapidly declining vertebrate species in the Appalachian Mountains. It is the subject of extensive range-wide research and conservation action. However, little is known about this species' breeding ecology in high-elevation pasturelands, a breeding habitat with conservation potential considering the U.S. Natural Resource Conservation Service's Working Lands for Wildlife program targeting private lands in the Appalachian Mountains. We located 100 nests of Golden-winged Warblers in pastures in and around the Monongahela National Forest in West Virginia during 2008-2012. Daily nest survival rate (mean +/- SE = 0.962 +/- 0.006), clutch size (4.5 +/- 0.1), and number of young fledged per nest attempt (2.0 +/- 0.2) and successful nest (4.0 +/- 0.1) fell within the range of values reported in other parts of the species' range and were not significantly affected by year or the presence/ absence of cattle grazing. Classification tree analysis revealed that nests were in denser vegetation (>= 52%) and closer to forest edges (<36.0 m) and shrubs (<7.0 cm) than random locations within the male's territory. Successful nests had significantly more woody cover (>= 9%) within 1 m than failed nests. Our results suggest that cattle grazing at 1.2-2.4 ha of forage/animal unit with periodic mowing can create and maintain these characteristics without interfering with the nesting of Golden-winged Warblers. High-elevation pasturelands may provide a refuge for remaining populations of Goldenwinged Warblers in this region. Received 22 July 2013. Accepted 10 January 2014.
C1 [Aldinger, Kyle R.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Wood, Petra Bohall] W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Aldinger, KR (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM kaldinge@mix.wvu.edu
FU WV Division of Natural Resources Wildlife Diversity Program; U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service Migratory Bird Program; U.S. Forest Service
Monongahela National Forest; U.S. Natural Resource Conservation Service;
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
FX Funding for this project was granted by the WV Division of Natural
Resources Wildlife Diversity Program, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Migratory Bird Program, U.S. Forest Service Monongahela National Forest,
U.S. Natural Resource Conservation Service, and the National Fish and
Wildlife Foundation. Logistic and administrative support was provided by
the USGS West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Unit and the
Division of Forestry and Natural Resources at West Virginia University.
The WVDNR Elkins Operation Center and the Littlefield family provided
housing and the USFS allowed access to the study sites. We thank A.
Dalton, M. Frantz, C. Fitzmorris, J. Kreiser, C. Lauzau, A. Newman, V.
Olmstead, K. Pratt, J. Riffle, M. Roach, C. Roy, C. Sedgwick, L. Smith,
L. Stout, D. Ware, and M. Weston for their long hours of work in the
field. Members of the Golden-winged Warbler Working Group provided
valuable insight for this project and manuscript. G. Merovich aided in
data analyses. This study was completed under the auspices of West
Virginia University IACUC protocols 07-0303 and 10-0201. Use of
tradenames does not imply endorsement by the Federal Government.
NR 42
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 35
PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 1559-4491
EI 1938-5447
J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL
JI Wilson J. Ornithol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 126
IS 2
BP 279
EP 287
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AL2SM
UT WOS:000338975600009
ER
PT J
AU Perkins, KA
Wood, PB
AF Perkins, Kelly A.
Wood, Petra Bohall
TI SELECTION OF FOREST CANOPY GAPS BY MALE CERULEAN WARBLERS IN WEST
VIRGINIA
SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE canopy gaps; Cerulean Warbler; kernel home range; Setophaga cerulea;
territory size; vegetation structure
ID HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS; DENDROICA-CERULEA; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS;
HOME-RANGE; MICROHABITAT; TERRITORY; DISTURBANCE; ABUNDANCE; ONTARIO;
BIRDS
AB Forest openings, or canopy gaps, are an important resource for many forest songbirds, such as Cerulean Warblers (Setophaga cerulea). We examined canopy gap selection by this declining species to determine if male Cerulean Warblers selected particular sizes, vegetative heights, or types of gaps. We tested whether these parameters differed among territories, territory core areas, and randomly-placed sample plots. We used enhanced territory mapping techniques (burst sampling) to define habitat use within the territory. Canopy gap densities were higher within core areas of territories than within territories or random plots, indicating that Cerulean Warblers selected habitat within their territories with the highest gap densities. Selection of regenerating gaps with woody vegetation >12 m within the gap, and canopy heights >24 m surrounding the gap, occurred within territory core areas. These findings differed between two sites indicating that gap selection may vary based on forest structure. Differences were also found regarding the placement of territories with respect to gaps. Larger gaps, such as wildlife food plots, were located on the periphery of territories more often than other types and sizes of gaps, while smaller gaps, such as treefalls, were located within territory boundaries more often than expected. The creations of smaller canopy gaps, <100 m(2), within dense stands are likely compatible with forest management for this species. Received 2 May 2013. Accepted 7 December 2013.
C1 [Perkins, Kelly A.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Wood, Petra Bohall] W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Perkins, KA (reprint author), New York Nat Heritage Program, 625 Broadway 5th Floor, Albany, NY 12233 USA.
EM kaperkin@esf.edu; pbwood@wvu.edu
FU Wildlife Diversity Program within the Wildlife Resources Section of the
West Virginia Division of Natural Resources (WVDNR)
FX Funding was provided by the Wildlife Diversity Program within the
Wildlife Resources Section of the West Virginia Division of Natural
Resources (WVDNR). Logistic and administrative support was provided by
the USGS WV Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Resources Unit and the
Division of Forestry and Natural Resources at West Virginia University.
Land access was provided by WVDNR. Dr. J. W. Edwards, S. P. Olcott, Dr.
S. Stoleson, and two anonymous reviewers provided comments on earlier
versions of this paper. M. Carder, J. L. Eells, M. R. Lutmerding, L. M.
McKenzie, B. L. Miller, J. L. Saville, and A. Stripple, provided field
assistance. Additional support was provided by J. M. Strager (GIS), Dr.
G. E. Seidel (statistics), Dr. T. G. Howard (statistics), B. Nolan
(field site logistics), and R. Nestor (administrative). This study was
performed under the auspices of West Virginia University ACUC protocol
#04-0302. Use of tradenames does not imply endorsement by the Federal
government.
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 13
PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 1559-4491
EI 1938-5447
J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL
JI Wilson J. Ornithol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 126
IS 2
BP 288
EP 297
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AL2SM
UT WOS:000338975600010
ER
PT J
AU Sugawara, D
Goto, K
Jaffe, BE
AF Sugawara, Daisuke
Goto, Kazuhisa
Jaffe, Bruce E.
TI Numerical models of tsunami sediment transport - Current understanding
and future directions
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Numerical modeling; Tsunami deposit; Sediment transport; Boulder
ID TOHOKU-OKI TSUNAMI; INDIAN-OCEAN TSUNAMI; SOUTH-PACIFIC TSUNAMI;
BED-LOAD TRANSPORT; DECEMBER 2004 TSUNAMI; PHANG-NGA PROVINCE; TOP STORM
DEPOSITS; BOULDER TRANSPORT; FIELD OBSERVATIONS; EXTREME WAVES
AB Researchers who study tsunami deposits share common ultimate goals of their work, which are to better assess the magnitude information of paleotsunamis and to contribute to the assessment of future tsunami risks. Numerical modeling of tsunami sediment transport is an important piece of interdisciplinary research that fills the gap between geological studies and practical utilization of tsunami deposits. Forward and inverse numerical models that address tsunami transport of sand and boulders have been developed over the last two decades. Forward models are capable of delineating the time evolution of tsunami hydrodynamics, sediment transport and the resulting morphological changes associated with erosion and deposition. Inverse models estimate tsunami characteristics, such as flow speed and depth, from deposits. Numerical modeling can be used not only to quantify paleotsunamis but also to enhance our understanding of tsunami sedimentology and hydrodynamics. To make progress towards the ultimate goal of improved tsunami risk assessment, development of an in-depth mutual understanding between modelers and geologists of the advantages, limitations and uncertainties in both numerical modeling and geological records is an important challenge. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sugawara, Daisuke; Goto, Kazuhisa] Tohoku Univ, Int Res Inst Disaster Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
[Jaffe, Bruce E.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Goto, K (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Int Res Inst Disaster Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
EM goto@irides.tohoku.ac.jp
RI Jaffe, Bruce/A-9979-2012
OI Jaffe, Bruce/0000-0002-8816-5920
FU JSPS [22241042]; MEXT [23684041]
FX We would like to sincerely acknowledge Dr. John T. Wells, the editor,
and two anonymous reviewers for providing their valuable comments and
suggestions to improve the manuscript. Steve Watt assisted in creation
of figures. Part of this research was supported by Grants-in-Aid from a
Grant-in-Aid from JSPS for forward modeling of sediment transport
section (D. Sugawara: no. 22241042) and MEXT for boulder transport
section (K. Goto: no. 23684041). The Tsunami Hazards, Modeling, and the
Sedimentary Record project of the US Geological Survey Coastal and
Marine Geology Program supported BEJ's contribution (inverse modeling of
sediment transport) to this research.
NR 197
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 352
SI SI
BP 295
EP 320
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2014.02.007
PG 26
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA AL0FL
UT WOS:000338802700014
ER
PT J
AU Liang, L
Chen, YL
Hawbaker, TJ
Zhu, ZL
Gong, P
AF Liang, Lu
Chen, Yanlei
Hawbaker, Todd J.
Zhu, Zhiliang
Gong, Peng
TI Mapping Mountain Pine Beetle Mortality through Growth Trend Analysis of
Time-Series Landsat Data
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Landsat; mountain pine beetle; time-series classification; temporal
segmentation; decision tree; sample size
ID RANDOM FOREST CLASSIFIER; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; BARK BEETLE; COVER
CLASSIFICATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; DETECTING TRENDS;
ANCILLARY DATA; IMAGERY; DISTURBANCE
AB Disturbances are key processes in the carbon cycle of forests and other ecosystems. In recent decades, mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreaks have become more frequent and extensive in western North America. Remote sensing has the ability to fill the data gaps of long-term infestation monitoring, but the elimination of observational noise and attributing changes quantitatively are two main challenges in its effective application. Here, we present a forest growth trend analysis method that integrates Landsat temporal trajectories and decision tree techniques to derive annual forest disturbance maps over an 11-year period. The temporal trajectory component successfully captures the disturbance events as represented by spectral segments, whereas decision tree modeling efficiently recognizes and attributes events based upon the characteristics of the segments. Validated against a point set sampled across a gradient of MPB mortality, 86.74% to 94.00% overall accuracy was achieved with small variability in accuracy among years. In contrast, the overall accuracies of single-date classifications ranged from 37.20% to 75.20% and only become comparable with our approach when the training sample size was increased at least four-fold. This demonstrates that the advantages of this time series work flow exist in its small training sample size requirement. The easily understandable, interpretable and modifiable characteristics of our approach suggest that it could be applicable to other ecoregions.
C1 [Liang, Lu; Chen, Yanlei; Gong, Peng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hawbaker, Todd J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Zhu, Zhiliang] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Gong, Peng] Tsinghua Univ, Minist Educ Key Lab Earth Syst Modeling, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Gong, Peng] Joint Ctr Global Change Studies, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
RP Gong, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM luliang@berkeley.edu; yanlei@berkeley.edu; tjhawbaker@usgs.gov;
zzhu@usgs.gov; penggong@berkeley.edu
RI wang, fenfei/N-9905-2015
FU U.S. Geological Survey [G12AC20085]
FX We are grateful to the U.S. Geological Survey, Climate and Land Use
Mission Area Land Remote Sensing Program, which provided funding to
support this research (Grant Number G12AC20085). Three anonymous
reviewers and Bruce Wylie, Diane Stephens and Janet Slate provided
insightful comments on a previous draft of this manuscript, and their
comments helped greatly to improve the completeness and clarity of the
manuscript. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 60
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 35
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 6
BP 5696
EP 5716
DI 10.3390/rs6065696
PG 21
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA AK9RB
UT WOS:000338763300047
ER
PT J
AU McAllister, CT
Duszynski, DW
Fisher, RN
Austin, CC
AF McAllister, Chris T.
Duszynski, Donald W.
Fisher, Robert N.
Austin, Christopher C.
TI Four new species of coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Owen Stanley
skinks, Papuascincus stanleyanus (Sauna: Scincidae), from Papua New
Guinea
SO FOLIA PARASITOLOGICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Coccidia; Eimeria; taxonomy; oocysts; taxonomy; hosts; Reptilia
ID SPP. SAURIA SCINCIDAE; CHOLEOEIMERIA APICOMPLEXA; REPTILIA SCINCIDAE;
SAUDI-ARABIA; CHAMAELEONIDAE; SCHNEIDER; CHAMELEON; LIZARD; REVISION
AB Between September and November 1991, 12 Owen Stanley skinks, Papuascincus stanleyanus (Booulenger) were collected from various localities on Papua New Guinea and examined for coccidians. Six (50%) were found to harbour four eimerians that we describe here as new. Oocysts of Eimeria burseyi sp. n. were elongate to ellipsoidal with a bilayered wall and measured (length x width, L x W) 36.0 x 24.0 mu m, with a L/W ratio of 1.5. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but a polar granule was present. Oocysts of Eimeria goldbergi sp. n. were ellipsoidal, with a bilayered wall, and measured 21.4 x 16.1 mu m; L/W ratio was 1.3. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but a single or fragmented polar granule was present. Oocysts of Eimeria boidengeri sp. n. were spheroidal to slightly subspheroidal, with a thin, single-layered wall that readily collapses, and measured 16.0 mu m, L/W ratio was 1.0. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but usually one (sometimes two) polar granule(s) were present. Oocysts of Eimeria niuginiensis sp. n. were oblong to tapered with a bilayered wall, and measured 20.0 x 13.1 mu m; L/W ratio was 1.5. A micropyle, oocyst residuum and polar granule were absent. To our knowledge, these represent the only coccidians ever described from P stanleyanus.
C1 [McAllister, Chris T.] Eastern Oklahoma State Coll, Div Sci & Math, Idabel, OK 74745 USA.
[Duszynski, Donald W.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, San Diego, CA USA.
[Austin, Christopher C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Austin, Christopher C.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP McAllister, CT (reprint author), Eastern Oklahoma State Coll, Div Sci & Math, Idabel, OK 74745 USA.
EM cmcallister@se.edu
RI Austin, Christopher/J-4527-2012
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 1146033]
FX We thank the late Dr. Steve J. Upton (Kansas State University,
Manhattan, KS) for technical assistance and Dr. Scott L. Gardner (Manter
Parasite Collection, Lincoln, Nebraska) for parasitological training of
RNF. Further appreciation is extended to Patricia A. Pilitt (USNPC) for
expert curatorial assistance. The Department of Environment of PNG
supplied export permits for the lizard and parasite collections. This
research was funded, in part, by National Science Foundation Grants DEB
1146033 to CCA. The use of trade, product or firm names in this
publication does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU FOLIA PARASITOLOGICA
PI CESKE BUDEJOVICE
PA BRANISOVSKA 31,, CESKE BUDEJOVICE 370 05, CZECH REPUBLIC
SN 0015-5683
EI 1803-6465
J9 FOLIA PARASIT
JI Folia Parasitol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 3
BP 195
EP 200
PG 6
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA AK9OH
UT WOS:000338755900002
PM 25065124
ER
PT J
AU Miller, DM
Reynolds, RE
Bright, JE
Starratt, SW
AF Miller, David M.
Reynolds, Robert E.
Bright, Jordon E.
Starratt, Scott W.
TI Bouse Formation in the Bristol basin near Amboy, California, USA
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID LOWER COLORADO-RIVER; ANDREAS FAULT SYSTEM; GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA;
SOUTHEASTERN CALIFORNIA; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; WESTERN ARIZONA;
GRAND-CANYON; SEA-LEVEL; PLIOCENE; EVOLUTION
AB Limestone beds underlain and overlain by alluvial fan conglomerate near Amboy, California, are very similar in many respects to parts of the Bouse Formation, suggesting that an arm of the Pliocene Bouse water body extended across a wide part of the southern Mojave Desert. The deposits are north of the town of Amboy at and below an elevation of 290 m, along the northern piedmont of the Bristol "dry" Lake basin. The Amboy outcrops contain the Lawlor Tuff (4.83 Ma), which is also found in an outcrop of the Bouse Formation in the Blythe basin near Buzzards Peak in the Chocolate Mountains, 180 km southeast of Amboy. Bouse exposures near Amboy are similar to 3.4 m thick, white, distinctly bedded, with limestone and calcareous sand-stone as well as stromatolite mounds; we interpret these as nearshore deposits. The Bouse at Amboy contains ostracodes, diatoms, and mollusks that indicate saline lake or estuarine environments with an admixture of fresh-water forms. Along with wading bird tracks and a spine from a marine fish, these fossils suggest that the deposits formed in saline waters near a fresh-water source such as a perennial stream. Beds of the outcrop dip southward and are 113 m above the surface of Bristol Playa, where similar age sediments are buried 270+ m deep, indicating significant faulting and vertical tectonics in this part of the Eastern California Shear Zone during the past 5 m.y. Confirmation of the Bouse Formation at Amboy strengthens previous assignments to the Bouse Formation for mudstones in driller logs at Danby "dry" Lake, California, and suggests that areally extensive arms of the Bouse water body were west of the Blythe basin. The Bristol basin arm of the lower Bouse basin probably was restricted from the main water body by narrow passages, but Bouse sediment there is similar to that in the Blythe basin, suggesting generally similar water chemistry and environmental conditions. Examining the degree to which Bouse deposits in the western arms differed from Bouse deposits in the Blythe basin offers an approach to test whether the southernmost Bouse water body was deposited in an estuarine or lacustrine setting.
C1 [Miller, David M.; Starratt, Scott W.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Bright, Jordon E.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Miller, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dmiller@usgs.gov
NR 60
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 3
BP 462
EP 475
DI 10.1130/GES00934.1
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AK8BH
UT WOS:000338651600004
ER
PT J
AU Yuan, WP
Liu, SG
Dong, WJ
Liang, SL
Zhao, SQ
Chen, JM
Xu, WF
Li, XL
Barr, A
Black, TA
Yan, WD
Goulden, ML
Kulmala, L
Lindroth, A
Margolis, HA
Matsuura, Y
Moors, E
van der Molen, M
Ohta, T
Pilegaard, K
Varlagin, A
Vesala, T
AF Yuan, Wenping
Liu, Shuguang
Dong, Wenjie
Liang, Shunlin
Zhao, Shuqing
Chen, Jingming
Xu, Wenfang
Li, Xianglan
Barr, Alan
Black, T. Andrew
Yan, Wende
Goulden, Mike L.
Kulmala, Liisa
Lindroth, Anders
Margolis, Hank A.
Matsuura, Yojiro
Moors, Eddy
van der Molen, Michiel
Ohta, Takeshi
Pilegaard, Kim
Varlagin, Andrej
Vesala, Timo
TI Differentiating moss from higher plants is critical in studying the
carbon cycle of the boreal biome
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGHT-USE EFFICIENCY; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; LEAF-AREA; TERRESTRIAL
BIOSPHERE; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; VASCULAR PLANTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ABSORBED
PAR; CO2 FLUX; SATELLITE
AB The satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), which is used for estimating gross primary production (GPP), often includes contributions from both mosses and vascular plants in boreal ecosystems. For the same NDVI, moss can generate only about one-third of the GPP that vascular plants can because of its much lower photosynthetic capacity. Here, based on eddy covariance measurements, we show that the difference in photosynthetic capacity between these two plant functional types has never been explicitly included when estimating regional GPP in the boreal region, resulting in a substantial overestimation. The magnitude of this overestimation could have important implications regarding a change from a current carbon sink to a carbon source in the boreal region. Moss abundance, associated with ecosystem disturbances, needs to be mapped and incorporated into GPP estimates in order to adequately assess the role of the boreal region in the global carbon cycle.
C1 [Yuan, Wenping; Dong, Wenjie; Xu, Wenfang] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource, Beijing 100875, Zhuhai, Peoples R China.
[Yuan, Wenping] Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Regions Environm & Engn Res Inst, State Key Lab Cryospher Sci, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Shuguang] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Liang, Shunlin; Li, Xianglan] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Liang, Shunlin; Li, Xianglan] Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Inst Remote Sensing Applicat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Liang, Shunlin] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Zhao, Shuqing] Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Jingming] Univ Toronto, Dept Geog, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada.
[Barr, Alan] Environm Canada, Div Climate Res, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
[Black, T. Andrew] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Yan, Wende] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, State Engn Lab Southern Forestry Appl Ecol & Tech, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Goulden, Mike L.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Kulmala, Liisa] Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Sci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[Lindroth, Anders] Lund Univ, Dept Earth & Ecosyst Sci, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
[Margolis, Hank A.] Univ Laval, Fac Foresterie Geog & Geomat, Ctr Etude Foret, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
[Matsuura, Yojiro] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Int Forest Informat Lab, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan.
[Moors, Eddy] Wageningen UR, Earth Syst Sci & Climate Change Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[van der Molen, Michiel] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Hydrol & Geoenvironm Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Ohta, Takeshi] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Pilegaard, Kim] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
[Varlagin, Andrej] RAS, Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Sukachev Lab Biocenol, Moscow 119071, Russia.
[Vesala, Timo] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
RP Yuan, WP (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource, Beijing 100875, Zhuhai, Peoples R China.
EM yuanwpcn@126.com; sliu@usgs.gov; dongwj@bnu.edu.cn
RI Lindroth, Anders/N-4697-2014; Pilegaard, Kim/I-7137-2013; liang,
shunlin/C-2809-2015; Goulden, Michael/B-9934-2008; Barr,
Alan/H-9939-2014; Kulmala, Liisa/Q-8185-2016; Vesala, Timo/C-3795-2017
OI Varlagin, Andrej/0000-0002-2549-5236; Kulmala,
Liisa/0000-0003-1775-8240; Lindroth, Anders/0000-0002-7669-784X;
Pilegaard, Kim/0000-0002-5169-5717; Vesala, Timo/0000-0002-4852-7464
FU National Key Program for Global Change Research of China [2010CB950504];
National Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars of China
[41322005]; Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National
Natural Science Foundation of China [41121001]; Freedom Project (No.
SKLCS-ZZ-2013-0202) of the State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences,
Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,
Chinese Academy of Sciences and Program for New Century Excellent
Talents in University [SKLCS-ZZ-2013-0202, NCET-12-0060]; Geographic
Analysis and Monitoring (GAM) Program; Global Change Research and
Development Program (R&D) of the US Geological Survey
FX This study was supported by the National Key Program for Global Change
Research of China (2010CB950504), National Science Foundation for
Excellent Young Scholars of China (41322005), Science Fund for Creative
Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(41121001) and Freedom Project (No. SKLCS-ZZ-2013-0202) of the State Key
Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental
and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences and
Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-12-0060).
The research was also partially funded by the Geographic Analysis and
Monitoring (GAM) Program and the Global Change Research and Development
Program (R&D) of the US Geological Survey. We acknowledge the work of
principal investigators and collaborators in EC sites, who provided the
EC flux measurements. The following networks participated with flux
data: Fluxnet-Canada, AmeriFlux, CarboEuropeIP, Asiaflux and
TCOS-Siberia network.
NR 63
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 54
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
AR 4270
DI 10.1038/ncomms5270
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AL0UA
UT WOS:000338841100003
PM 24967601
ER
PT J
AU Geist, EL
Lynett, PJ
AF Geist, Eric L.
Lynett, Patrick J.
TI Source Processes for the Probabilistic Assessment of Tsunami Hazards
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGE SUBMARINE LANDSLIDES; MECHANISMS; GENERATION; SEISMICITY;
FORECAST; TRIGGERS; MODEL
AB The importance of tsunami hazard assessment has increased in recent years as a result of catastrophic consequences from events such as the 2004 Indian Ocean and 2011 Japan tsunamis. In particular, probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment (PTHA) methods have been emphasized to include all possible ways a tsunami could be generated. Owing to the scarcity of tsunami observations, a computational approach is used to define the hazard. This approach includes all relevant sources that may cause a tsunami to impact a site and all quantifiable uncertainty. Although only earthquakes were initially considered for PTHA, recent efforts have also attempted to include landslide tsunami sources. Including these sources into PTHA is considerably more difficult because of a general lack of information on relating landslide area and volume to mean return period. The large variety of failure types and rheologies associated with submarine landslides translates to considerable uncertainty in determining the efficiency of tsunami generation. Resolution of these and several other outstanding problems are described that will further advance PTHA methodologies leading to a more accurate understanding of tsunami hazard.
C1 [Geist, Eric L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Lynett, Patrick J.] Univ So Calif, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Geist, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM egeist@usgs.gov
OI Lynett, Patrick/0000-0002-2856-9405
NR 35
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 11
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 2
SI SI
BP 86
EP 93
PG 8
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AK9PG
UT WOS:000338758400013
ER
PT J
AU Obelcz, J
Brothers, D
Chaytor, J
ten Brink, U
Ross, SW
Brooke, S
AF Obelcz, Jeffrey
Brothers, Daniel
Chaytor, Jason
ten Brink, Uri
Ross, Steve W.
Brooke, Sandra
TI Geomorphic characterization of four shelf-sourced submarine canyons
along the US Mid-Atlantic continental margin
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Multibeam bathymetry; Shelf-break; CHIRP; Sea-level; Baltimore Canyon;
Wilmington Canyon; Washington Canyon; Norfolk Canyon; Turbidity flow
ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; WILMINGTON-CANYON; SEDIMENTARY PROCESSES;
BALTIMORE CANYON; TRANSPORT PROCESSES; DEEP-SEA; MORPHOLOGY; HUDSON;
SLOPE; RIVER
AB Shelf-sourced submarine canyons are common features of continental margins and are fundamental to deep-sea sedimentary systems. Despite their geomorphic and geologic significance, relatively few passive margin shelf-breaching canyons worldwide have been mapped using modern geophysical methods. Between 2007 and 2012 a series of geophysical surveys was conducted across four major canyons of the US Mid-Atlantic margin: Wilmington, Baltimore, Washington, and Norfolk canyons. More than 5700 km(2) of high-resolution multibeam bathymetry and 890 line-km of sub-bottom CHIRP profiles were collected along the outer shelf and uppermost slope (depths of 80-1200 m). The data allowed us to compare and contrast the fine-scale morphology of each canyon system. The canyons have marked differences in the morphology and orientation of canyon heads, steepness and density of sidewall gullies, and the character of the continental shelf surrounding canyon rims. Down-canyon axial profiles for Washington, Baltimore and Wilmington canyons have linear shapes, and each canyon thalweg exhibits morphological evidence for recent, relatively small-scale sediment transport. For example, Washington Canyon displays extremely steep wall gradients and contains similar to 100 m wide, 5-10 m deep, v-shaped incisions down the canyon axis, suggesting modern or recent sediment transport. In contrast, the convex axial thalweg profile, the absence of thalweg incision, and evidence for sediment infilling at the canyon head, suggest that depositional processes strongly influence Norfolk Canyon during the current sea-level high-stand. The north walls of Wilmington, Washington and Norfolk canyons are steeper than the south walls due to differential erosion, though the underlying cause for this asymmetry is not clear. Furthermore, we speculate that most of the geomorphic features observed within the canyons (e.g., terraces, tributary canyons, gullies, and hanging valleys) were formed during the Pleistocene, and show only subtle modification by Holocene processes active during the present sea-level high-stand. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Obelcz, Jeffrey; Brothers, Daniel; Chaytor, Jason; ten Brink, Uri] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Ross, Steve W.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC 28409 USA.
[Brooke, Sandra] Florida State Univ, Coastal & Marine Lab, St Teresa, FL 32358 USA.
RP Obelcz, J (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, 2151 Energy Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM jobelc1@lsu.edu
RI ten Brink, Uri/A-1258-2008;
OI ten Brink, Uri/0000-0001-6858-3001; Chaytor, Jason/0000-0001-8135-8677
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
[V6166]; U.S Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); BOEM
FX This project was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the U.S.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Job Code: V6166) and the U.S Bureau of
Ocean Energy Management (BOEM). CSA Ocean Sciences, Inc. is the
contractor managing funding provided by BOEM. NOAA Office of Ocean
Exploration and Research provided the Nancy Foster and Okeanos Explorer
ship time. We thank Dr. A. W.J. Demopoulos (USGS) for facilitating USGS
participation on the Nancy Foster cruise. We thank the crew and captain
of the M/V Tiki XIV, NOAA ship Okeanos Explorer, the NOAA ship Nancy
Foster, and the NOAA ship Thomas Jefferson. We particularly thank
Captain Drexel "Stormy" Harrington, whose knowledge of the canyons was
invaluable. We thank Chuck Worley, Eric Moore and Brian Andrews for
support with data acquisition and processing. This paper benefitted
greatly from reviews by Deborah Hutchinson and two anonymous reviewers.
Mention of trade names does not imply U.S. Government endorsement of
commercial products.
NR 56
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 25
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 104
SI SI
BP 106
EP 119
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.09.013
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AK7PV
UT WOS:000338621100009
ER
PT J
AU Beaver, JR
Manis, EE
Loftin, KA
Graham, JL
Pollard, AI
Mitchell, RM
AF Beaver, John R.
Manis, Erin E.
Loftin, Keith A.
Graham, Jennifer L.
Pollard, Amina I.
Mitchell, Richard M.
TI Land use patterns, ecoregion, and microcystin relationships in US lakes
and reservoirs: A preliminary evaluation
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cyanobacteria; Ecoregion; Lake; Land use; Microcystin; Reservoir
ID FRESH-WATER PHYTOPLANKTON; MIDWESTERN UNITED-STATES; CONTROLLING
EUTROPHICATION; HARMFUL CYANOBACTERIA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TROPHIC STATE;
NEW-ZEALAND; BLOOMS; PHOSPHORUS; NUTRIENTS
AB A statistically significant association was found between the concentration of total microcystin, a common class of cyanotoxins, in surface waters of lakes and reservoirs in the continental U.S. with watershed land use using data from 1156 water bodies sampled between May and October 2007 as part of the USEPA National Lakes Assessment. Nearly two thirds (65.8%) of the samples with microcystin concentrations >= 1.0 mu g/L (n = 126) were limited to three nutrient and water quality-based ecoregions (Corn Belt and Northern Great Plains, Mostly Glaciated Dairy Region, South Central Cultivated Great Plains) in watersheds with strong agricultural influence, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) indicated that both microcystin concentrations and cyanobacteria abundance were positively correlated with total nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon, and temperature; correlations with total phosphorus and water clarity were not as strong. This study supports a number of regional lake studies that suggest that land use practices are related to cyanobacteria abundance, and extends the potential impacts of agricultural land use in watersheds to include the production of cyanotoxins in lakes. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Beaver, John R.; Manis, Erin E.] BSA Environm Serv Inc, Beachwood, OH 44122 USA.
[Loftin, Keith A.; Graham, Jennifer L.] US Geol Survey, Kansas Water Sci Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
[Pollard, Amina I.; Mitchell, Richard M.] US EPA, Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Beaver, JR (reprint author), BSA Environm Serv Inc, 23400 Mercantile Rd,Suite 8, Beachwood, OH 44122 USA.
EM j.beaver@bsaenv.com
NR 41
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 10
U2 62
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 36
BP 57
EP 62
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2014.03.005
PG 6
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AK7QJ
UT WOS:000338622500006
ER
PT J
AU Brown, RJ
Loewen, MB
Tanner, TL
AF Brown, Randy J.
Loewen, Mary Beth
Tanner, Theresa L.
TI Overwintering Locations, Migrations, and Fidelity of Radio-Tagged Dolly
Varden in the Hulahula River, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, 2007-09
SO ARCTIC
LA English
DT Article
DE Dolly Varden; Salvelinus malma; Alaska; Beaufort Sea; Hulahula River;
North Slope; radiotelemetry; overwintering; migration
ID WATER-USE; ALASKA; FISH; TRANSMITTERS; AQUI-S(TM); FREQUENCY; EFFICACY;
PATTERNS; SMOLTS; LAKES
AB Essential overwintering habitats for anadromous Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma on Alaska's North Slope appear to tie limited to a small number of perennial springs, primarily in eastern Brooks Range drainages. Because future petrochemical development in the region continues to be a possibility, and development would require large quantities of freshwater, we sought to identify and document the overwintering areas used by Dolly Varden in the Hulahula River, eastern Brooks Range. In August 2007, we implanted 52 Dolly Varden with multi-year radio transmitters at a known overwintering area in the lower Hulahula River. Other wintering areas were located during 11 aerial surveys conducted over the next 2.5 years. A stationary receiver located in the lower Hulahula River provided migration timing information. Radio-tagged Dolly Varden used four discrete areas with perennial springs for overwintering in the Hulahula River drainage. The springs, totaling approximately 12 km in stream length, were located between river km 40 and 105. Radio-tagged Dolly Varden migrated downstream on their way to the Beaufort Sea in early June. Most tagged fish known to have survived the summer at sea returned to the Hulahula River during late July and August, but seven fish overwintered in other North Slope drainages. Within the Hulahula River drainage, 15 fish overwintered in more than one area during the three winters of the project, but only the four identified perennial spring areas were used. These data clearly indicate that the perennial springs in the Hulahula River are essential overwintering habitats for Dolly Varden.
C1 [Brown, Randy J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fairbanks Field Off, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Loewen, Mary Beth] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
[Tanner, Theresa L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage Field Off, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
RP Brown, RJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fairbanks Field Off, 101 12th Ave, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
EM randy_j_brown@fws.gov
FU Fairbanks Field Office of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)
FX Many different individuals and organizations contributed in one way or
another to the success of this research project. The Fairbanks Field
Office of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) provided major
funding for the project. A. Agiak (a resident of Kaktovik) permitted us
to put a receiving station on her house at FH1. Pilots A. Greenblatt and
M. Webb flew the fixed-wing aerial surveys. The Arctic National Wildlife
Refuge contributed fuel for the flights. T. Viavant (Alaska Department
of Fish and Game) operated our receiver during one of his helicopter
surveys of Dolly Varden overwintering sites from the Anaktuvuk to the
Hulahula River during fall 2008. Reviews of earlier drafts by USFWS
employees F.J. Adams, D.W. Daum, and P.A. Crane, as well as three
anonymous reviewers, helped us focus on the essential findings of the
project and improve the quality and readability of this manuscript. We
appreciate all of these contributions.
NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 12
PU ARCTIC INST N AMER
PI CALGARY
PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER,
CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA
SN 0004-0843
EI 1923-1245
J9 ARCTIC
JI Arctic
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 67
IS 2
BP 149
EP 158
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA AK2SK
UT WOS:000338269600003
ER
PT J
AU Weckerly, FW
Ricca, MA
AF Weckerly, Floyd W.
Ricca, Mark A.
TI Aggression and Coexistence in Female Caribou
SO ARCTIC
LA English
DT Article
DE Aleutian Islands; group size; social interactions; Cervidae; Rangifer
tarandus; sex
ID REINDEER RANGIFER-TARANDUS; WHITE-TAILED DEER; SEXUAL SEGREGATION;
SOCIAL-ORGANIZATION; MOUNTAIN GOATS; ROOSEVELT ELK; ANTLER SIZE;
DOMINANCE; RANK; POPULATION
AB Female caribou (Rangifer tarandus) are highly gregarious, yet there has been little study of the behavioral mechanisms that foster coexistence. Quantifying patterns of aggression between male and female, particularly in the only cervid taxa where both sexes grow antlers, should provide insight into these mechanisms. We asked if patterns of aggression by male and female caribou followed the pattern typically noted in other polygynous cervids, in which Males display higher frequencies and intensity of aggression. From June to August in 2011 and 2012, we measured the frequency and intensity of aggression across a range of group sizes through focal animal sampling of 170 caribou (64 males and 106 females) on Adak Island in the Aleutian Archipelago, Alaska. Males in same-sex and mixed-sex groups and females in mixed-sex groups had higher frequencies of aggression than females in same-sex groups. Group size did not influence frequency of aggression. Males displayed more intense aggression than females. Frequent aggression in mixed-sex groups probably reflects lower tolerance of males for animals in close proximity. Female caribou were less aggressive and more gregarious than males, as in other polygynous cervid species.
C1 [Weckerly, Floyd W.] SW Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
[Ricca, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Weckerly, FW (reprint author), SW Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
EM fwll@txstate.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Invasives with Volunteers Program;
Friends of Alaska National Wildlife Refuges; USGS Western Ecological
Research Center; Texas State University
FX Funding was from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Invasives with
Volunteers Program, Friends of Alaska National Wildlife Refuges, USGS
Western Ecological Research Center, and Texas State University. Critical
support was provided by L. Spitler and J. Williams of the USFWS Alaska
Maritime National Wildlife Refuge. J. Estes and T. Tinker graciously
allowed us to use their skiff to access remote regions of Adak.
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 13
PU ARCTIC INST N AMER
PI CALGARY
PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER,
CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA
SN 0004-0843
EI 1923-1245
J9 ARCTIC
JI Arctic
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 67
IS 2
BP 189
EP 195
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA AK2SK
UT WOS:000338269600007
ER
PT J
AU Bowker, MA
Maestre, FT
Eldridge, D
Belnap, J
Castillo-Monroy, A
Escolar, C
Soliveres, S
AF Bowker, Matthew A.
Maestre, Fernando T.
Eldridge, David
Belnap, Jayne
Castillo-Monroy, Andrea
Escolar, Cristina
Soliveres, Santiago
TI Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) as a model system in community,
landscape and ecosystem ecology
SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Biodiversity; Biological soil crusts; Ecosystem function; Global change;
Landscape heterogeneity; Micro-landscape; Model system; Species
interactions
ID ELEVATED CO2; POSITIVE INTERACTIONS; VEGETATION PATTERNS; NITROGEN
DEPOSITION; BIOTIC INTERACTIONS; COLORADO PLATEAU; ARID ECOSYSTEMS;
BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; COMPETITION
AB Model systems have had a profound influence on the development of ecological theory and general principles. Compared to alternatives, the most effective models share some combination of the following characteristics: simpler, smaller, faster, general, idiosyncratic or manipulable. We argue that biological soil crusts (biocrusts) have unique combinations of these features that should be more widely exploited in community, landscape and ecosystem ecology. In community ecology, biocrusts are elucidating the importance of biodiversity and spatial pattern for maintaining ecosystem multifunctionality due to their manipulability in experiments. Due to idiosyncrasies in their modes of facilitation and competition, biocrusts have led to new models on the interplay between environmental stress and biotic interactions and on the maintenance of biodiversity by competitive processes. Biocrusts are perhaps one of the best examples of micro-landscapes-real landscapes that are small in size. Although they exhibit varying patch heterogeneity, aggregation, connectivity and fragmentation, like macro-landscapes, they are also compatible with well-replicated experiments (unlike macro-landscapes). In ecosystem ecology, a number of studies are imposing small-scale, low cost manipulations of global change or state factors in biocrust micro-landscapes. The versatility of biocrusts to inform such disparate lines of inquiry suggests that they are an especially useful model system that can enable researchers to see ecological principles more clearly and quickly.
C1 [Bowker, Matthew A.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Maestre, Fernando T.; Escolar, Cristina; Soliveres, Santiago] Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Dept Biol & Geol, Area Biodiversidad & Conservac, Mostoles 28933, Spain.
[Eldridge, David] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Evolut & Ecol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Canyonlands Res Stn, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
[Castillo-Monroy, Andrea] Univ Tecn Particular Loja, Dept Ciencias Nat, Marcelino Champagnat, Loja, Ecuador.
RP Bowker, MA (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, 200 E Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM matthew.bowker@nau.edu
RI Maestre, Fernando/A-6825-2008; Soliveres Codina, Santiago/A-2291-2016
OI Maestre, Fernando/0000-0002-7434-4856; Soliveres Codina,
Santiago/0000-0001-9661-7192
NR 89
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 15
U2 88
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0960-3115
EI 1572-9710
J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV
JI Biodivers. Conserv.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 7
SI SI
BP 1619
EP 1637
DI 10.1007/s10531-014-0658-x
PG 19
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK0UU
UT WOS:000338132300002
ER
PT J
AU Pointing, SB
Belnap, J
AF Pointing, Stephen B.
Belnap, Jayne
TI Disturbance to desert soil ecosystems contributes to dust-mediated
impacts at regional scales
SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Biological soil crust; Cryptogam; Desert; Disturbance; Dryland; Dust;
Hypolith
ID AEOLIAN DUST; NEW-ZEALAND; ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
UNITED-STATES; CARBON-CYCLE; AFRICAN DUST; CHINA HOT; TRANSPORT; CRUSTS
AB This review considers the regional scale of impacts arising from disturbance to desert soil ecosystems. Deserts occupy over one-third of the Earth's terrestrial surface, and biological soil covers are critical to stabilization of desert soils. Disturbance to these can contribute to massive destabilization and mobilization of dust. This results in dust storms that are transported across inter-continental distances where they have profound negative impacts. Dust deposition at high altitudes causes radiative forcing of snowpack that leads directly to altered hydrological regimes and changes to freshwater biogeochemistry. In marine environments dust deposition impacts phytoplankton diazotrophy, and causes coral reef senescence. Increasingly dust is also recognized as a threat to human health.
C1 [Pointing, Stephen B.] Auckland Univ Technol, Inst Appl Ecol New Zealand, Sch Appl Sci, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
[Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
RP Pointing, SB (reprint author), Auckland Univ Technol, Inst Appl Ecol New Zealand, Sch Appl Sci, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
EM steve.pointing@aut.ac.nz; jayne_belnap@usgs.gov
NR 78
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 7
U2 49
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0960-3115
EI 1572-9710
J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV
JI Biodivers. Conserv.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 7
SI SI
BP 1659
EP 1667
DI 10.1007/s10531-014-0690-x
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK0UU
UT WOS:000338132300004
ER
PT J
AU Hubbard, J
Shaw, JH
Dolan, J
Pratt, TL
McAuliffe, L
Rockwell, TK
AF Hubbard, Judith
Shaw, John H.
Dolan, James
Pratt, Thomas L.
McAuliffe, Lee
Rockwell, Thomas K.
TI Structure and Seismic Hazard of the Ventura Avenue Anticline and Ventura
Fault, California: Prospect for Large, Multisegment Ruptures in the
Western Transverse Ranges
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-CAYETANO FAULT; LOG-A OBSERVATIONS; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; PROPAGATION
FOLDS; SURFACE RUPTURE; EARTHQUAKE; BASIN; GEOMETRY; DISPLACEMENT;
KINEMATICS
AB The Ventura Avenue anticline is one of the fastest uplifting structures in southern California, rising at similar to 5 mm/yr. We use well data and seismic reflection profiles to show that the anticline is underlain by the Ventura fault, which extends to seismogenic depth. Fault offset increases with depth, implying that the Ventura Avenue anticline is a fault-propagation fold. A decrease in the uplift rate since similar to 30 +/- 10 ka is consistent with the Ventura fault breaking through to the surface at that time and implies that the fault has a recent dip-slip rate of similar to 4.4-6.9 mm/yr.
To the west, the Ventura fault and fold trend continues offshore as the Pitas Point fault and its associated hanging wall anticline. The Ventura-Pitas Point fault appears to flatten at about 7.5 km depth to a detachment, called the Sisar decollement, then step down on a blind thrust fault to the north. Other regional faults, including the San Cayetano and Red Mountain faults, link with this system at depth. We suggest that below 7.5 km, these faults may form a nearly continuous surface, posing the threat of large, multisegment earthquakes.
Holocene marine terraces on the Ventura Avenue anticline suggest that it grows in discrete events with 5-10 m of uplift, with the latest event having occurred similar to 800 years ago (Rockwell, 2011). Uplift this large would require large earthquakes (M-w 7.7-8.1) involving the entire Ventura/Pitas Point system and possibly more structures along strike, such as the San Cayetano fault. Because of the local geography and geology, such events would be associated with significant ground shaking amplification and regional tsunamis.
C1 [Hubbard, Judith; Shaw, John H.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Dolan, James; McAuliffe, Lee] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Pratt, Thomas L.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Rockwell, Thomas K.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, San Diego, CA 92192 USA.
RP Hubbard, J (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, N2-01a-07,50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
EM judith.a.hubbard@gmail.com
RI Hubbard, Judith/H-2837-2012;
OI Hubbard, Judith/0000-0002-9980-1654; Rockwell,
Thomas/0000-0001-5319-6447
FU Southern California Earthquake Center [10201]
FX Thanks to Chris Cothrun, Ben Haravitch, Zurriya Hasnan, Samuel
Rosenbaum, and Rachel Zucker for their assistance in the field acquiring
seismic data. We thank Chandra Shaker (City of Ventura) and Anitha Balan
(Ventura County) for helping us obtain permits for seismic acquisition
and Gary Brummet, Dorcas Thille, and Dave Pommer for allowing us to
acquire seismic reflection data on private property. We also thank
Amanda Hughes, Craig Nicholson, and Andrew Rhines for their helpful
discussions and Phil Hogan (Fugro) and Drew Mayerson (Bureau of Ocean
Energy, Management, Regulation and Enforcement) for helping us acquire a
copy of the Dos Cuadras seismic reflection data. We appreciate the help
of Kate Scharer, Gary Fuis, and Patricia McCrory for providing internal
United States Geological Survey (USGS) reviews and the help of Mike
Oskin and an internal reviewer for assessing the manuscript through the
BSSA. We thank the Southern California Earthquake Center and its funding
agencies for providing funding for this study through Proposal Number
10201.
NR 60
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 13
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 3
BP 1070
EP 1087
DI 10.1785/0120130125
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AK4WR
UT WOS:000338425500003
ER
PT J
AU Field, EH
Arrowsmith, RJ
Biasi, GP
Bird, P
Dawson, TE
Felzer, KR
Jackson, DD
Johnson, KM
Jordan, TH
Madden, C
Michael, AJ
Milner, KR
Page, MT
Parsons, T
Powers, PM
Shaw, BE
Thatcher, WR
Weldon, RJ
Zeng, YH
AF Field, Edward H.
Arrowsmith, Ramon J.
Biasi, Glenn P.
Bird, Peter
Dawson, Timothy E.
Felzer, Karen R.
Jackson, David D.
Johnson, Kaj M.
Jordan, Thomas H.
Madden, Christopher
Michael, Andrew J.
Milner, Kevin R.
Page, Morgan T.
Parsons, Tom
Powers, Peter M.
Shaw, Bruce E.
Thatcher, Wayne R.
Weldon, Ray J., II
Zeng, Yuehua
TI Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 3 (UCERF3) -The
Time-Independent Model
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID GEODETIC STRAIN RATES; CONSTANT STRESS DROP; STRIKE-SLIP FAULTS;
SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; RECURRENCE PARAMETERS; HAZARD; AREA; DISPLACEMENT;
PROBABILITY; AFTERSHOCKS
AB The 2014 Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP14) present the time-independent component of the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 3 (UCERF3), which provides authoritative estimates of the magnitude, location, and time-averaged frequency of potentially damaging earthquakes in California. The primary achievements have been to relax fault segmentation and include multifault ruptures, both limitations of UCERF2. The rates of all earthquakes are solved for simultaneously and from a broader range of data, using a system-level inversion that is both conceptually simple and extensible. The inverse problem is large and underdetermined, so a range of models is sampled using an efficient simulated annealing algorithm. The approach is more derivative than prescriptive (e.g., magnitude-frequency distributions are no longer assumed), so new analysis tools were developed for exploring solutions. Epistemic uncertainties were also accounted for using 1440 alternative logic-tree branches, necessitating access to supercomputers. The most influential uncertainties include alternative deformation models (fault slip rates), a new smoothed seismicity algorithm, alternative values for the total rate of M-w >= 5 events, and different scaling relationships, virtually all of which are new. As a notable first, three deformation models are based on kinematically consistent inversions of geodetic and geologic data, also providing slip-rate constraints on faults previously excluded due to lack of geologic data. The grand inversion constitutes a system-level framework for testing hypotheses and balancing the influence of different experts. For example, we demonstrate serious challenges with the Gutenberg-Richter hypothesis for individual faults. UCERF3 is still an approximation of the system, however, and the range of models is limited (e.g., constrained to stay close to UCERF2). Nevertheless, UCERF3 removes the apparent UCERF2 overprediction of M 6.5-7 earthquake rates and also includes types of multifault ruptures seen in nature. Although UCERF3 fits the data better than UCERF2 overall, there may be areas that warrant further site-specific investigation. Supporting products may be of general interest, and we list key assumptions and avenues for future model improvements.
C1 [Field, Edward H.; Powers, Peter M.; Zeng, Yuehua] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Arrowsmith, Ramon J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Biasi, Glenn P.] Univ Nevada, Nevada Seismol Lab MS 174, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Bird, Peter; Jackson, David D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth Planetary & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Dawson, Timothy E.; Michael, Andrew J.; Parsons, Tom] Calif Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Felzer, Karen R.; Page, Morgan T.] US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
[Johnson, Kaj M.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Jordan, Thomas H.; Milner, Kevin R.] Univ So Calif, So Calif Earthquake Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Madden, Christopher] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Shaw, Bruce E.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Thatcher, Wayne R.] US Geol Survey MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Weldon, Ray J., II] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
RP Field, EH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, POB 25046,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RI Michael, Andrew/A-5059-2010;
OI Michael, Andrew/0000-0002-2403-5019; Parsons, Tom/0000-0002-0582-4338
FU California Earthquake Authority; USGS; California Geological Survey;
SCEC [1792]; National Science Foundation [EAR-1033462]; USGS
[G12AC20038]; California Geological Survey [228]
FX This study was sponsored by the California Earthquake Authority, the
USGS, the California Geological Survey, and SCEC. SCEC is supported in
part by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement
EAR-1033462 and by the USGS under Cooperative Agreement G12AC20038. This
report is USGS Open-File Report 2013-1165, SCEC contribution number
1792, and California Geological Survey publication number 228.
NR 107
TC 63
Z9 64
U1 3
U2 28
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 3
BP 1122
EP 1180
DI 10.1785/0120130164
PG 59
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AK4WR
UT WOS:000338425500007
ER
PT J
AU Page, MT
Field, EH
Milner, KR
Powers, PM
AF Page, Morgan T.
Field, Edward H.
Milner, Kevin R.
Powers, Peter M.
TI The UCERF3 Grand Inversion: Solving for the Long-Term Rate of Ruptures
in a Fault System
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID EARTHQUAKE-RUPTURE; CALIFORNIA
AB We present implementation details, testing, and results from a new inversion-based methodology, known colloquially as the "grand inversion," developed for the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3). We employ a parallel simulated annealing algorithm to solve for the long-term rate of all ruptures that extend through the seismogenic thickness on major mapped faults in California while simultaneously satisfying available slip-rate, paleoseismic event-rate, and magnitude-distribution constraints. The inversion methodology enables the relaxation of fault segmentation and allows for the incorporation of multifault ruptures, which are needed to remove magnitude-distribution misfits that were present in the previous model, UCERF2. The grand inversion is more objective than past methodologies, as it eliminates the need to prescriptively assign rupture rates. It also provides a means to easily update the model as new data become available. In addition to UCERF3 model results, we present verification of the grand inversion, including sensitivity tests, tuning of equation set weights, convergence metrics, and a synthetic test. These tests demonstrate that while individual rupture rates are poorly resolved by the data, integrated quantities such as magnitude-frequency distributions and, most importantly, hazard metrics, are much more robust.
C1 [Page, Morgan T.] US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
[Field, Edward H.; Powers, Peter M.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Milner, Kevin R.] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
RP Page, MT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 525 S Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
EM pagem@caltech.edu; field@usgs.gov; kmilner@usc.edu; pmpowers@usgs.gov
FU University of Southern California Center for High-Performance Computing
and Communications; Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) at The
University of Texas at Austin; Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery
Environment (XSEDE) for providing high-performance computing resources
under XSEDE [TG-MCA03S012]; California Earthquake Authority; U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS),; California Geological Survey (CGS); Southern
California Earthquake Center (SCEC); National Science Foundation under
Cooperative Agreement [EAR-1033462]; USGS [G12AC20038]
FX Computation for the work described in this manuscript was supported by
the University of Southern California Center for High-Performance
Computing and Communications. The authors also acknowledge the Texas
Advanced Computing Center (TACC) at The University of Texas at Austin
and the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE)
for providing high-performance computing resources under XSEDE Grant
Number TG-MCA03S012. We are grateful for helpful reviews from Tom
Jordan, Art Frankel, Mark Stirling, Karen Felzer, and Sue Hough, as well
as two anonymous reviewers. UCERF3 was sponsored by the California
Earthquake Authority, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the California
Geological Survey (CGS), and the Southern California Earthquake Center
(SCEC). SCEC is supported in part by the National Science Foundation
under Cooperative Agreement EAR-1033462 and the USGS under Cooperative
Agreement G12AC20038. This document, with additions that describe
Parkfield moment-rate reductions, is registered as USGS Open-File Report
2013-1165-N and CGS Special Report 1792N.
NR 30
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 3
BP 1181
EP 1204
DI 10.1785/0120130180
PG 24
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AK4WR
UT WOS:000338425500008
ER
PT J
AU Schwartz, DP
Lienkaemper, JJ
Hecker, S
Kelson, KI
Fumal, TE
Baldwin, JN
Seitz, GG
Niemi, TM
AF Schwartz, David P.
Lienkaemper, James J.
Hecker, Suzanne
Kelson, Keith I.
Fumal, Thomas E.
Baldwin, John N.
Seitz, Gordon G.
Niemi, Tina M.
TI The Earthquake Cycle in the San Francisco Bay Region: AD 1600-2012
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN HAYWARD FAULT; NORTHERN CALAVERAS FAULT; RODGERS CREEK FAULT;
HOLOCENE SLIP RATE; PAST 500 YEARS; ANDREAS FAULT; CRUZ MOUNTAINS; GREAT
EARTHQUAKES; SEISMIC ACTIVITY; SURFACE RUPTURE
AB Stress changes produced by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake had a profound effect on the seismicity of the San Francisco Bay region (SFBR), dramatically reducing it in the twentieth century. Whether the SFBR is still within or has emerged from this seismic quiescence is an issue of debate with implications for earthquake mechanics and seismic hazards. Historically, the SFBR has not experienced one complete earthquake cycle (i.e., the accumulation of stress, its release primarily as coseismic slip during surface-faulting earthquakes, its re-accumulation in the interval following, and its subsequent rerelease). The historical record of earthquake occurrence in the SFBR appears to be complete at about M 5.5 back to 1850 (Bakun, 1999). For large events, the record may be complete back to 1776, which represents about half a cycle. Paleoseismic data provide a more complete view of the most recent pre-1906 SFBR earthquake cycle, extending it back to about 1600. Using these, we have developed estimates of magnitude and seismic moment for alternative sequences of surface-faulting paleoearthquakes occurring between 1600 and 1776 on the region's major faults. From these we calculate seismic moment and moment release rates for different time intervals between 1600 and 2012. These show the variability in moment release and suggest that, in the SFBR regional plate boundary, stress can be released on a single fault in great earthquakes such as that in 1906 and in multiple ruptures distributed on the regional plate boundary fault system on a decadal time scale.
C1 [Schwartz, David P.; Lienkaemper, James J.; Hecker, Suzanne; Fumal, Thomas E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Kelson, Keith I.] URS Corp, Oakland, CA 94612 USA.
[Baldwin, John N.] Lettis Consultants Int, Walnut Creek, CA 94596 USA.
[Seitz, Gordon G.] Calif Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Niemi, Tina M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Geosci, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
RP Schwartz, DP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 101
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 31
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 3
BP 1299
EP 1328
DI 10.1785/0120120322
PG 30
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AK4WR
UT WOS:000338425500016
ER
PT J
AU Delorey, AA
Frankel, AD
Liu, PC
Stephenson, WJ
AF Delorey, Andrew A.
Frankel, Arthur D.
Liu, Pengcheng
Stephenson, William J.
TI Modeling the Effects of Source and Path Heterogeneity on Ground Motions
of Great Earthquakes on the Cascadia Subduction Zone Using 3D
Simulations
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SUMATRA-ANDAMAN EARTHQUAKE; OMEGA-SQUARE MODEL; TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE;
SPATIAL VARIATION; RUPTURE VELOCITY; PACIFIC COAST; SEISMIC-WAVES;
WASHINGTON; SEATTLE; JAPAN
AB We ran finite-difference earthquake simulations for great subduction zone earthquakes in Cascadia to model the effects of source and path heterogeneity for the purpose of improving strong-motion predictions. We developed a rupture model for large subduction zone earthquakes based on a k(-2) slip spectrum and scale-dependent rise times by representing the slip distribution as the sum of normal modes of a vibrating membrane.
Finite source and path effects were important in determining the distribution of strong motions through the locations of the hypocenter, subevents, and crustal structures like sedimentary basins. Some regions in Cascadia appear to be at greater risk than others during an event due to the geometry of the Cascadia fault zone relative to the coast and populated regions. The southern Oregon coast appears to have increased risk because it is closer to the locked zone of the Cascadia fault than other coastal areas and is also in the path of directivity amplification from any rupture propagating north to south in that part of the subduction zone, and the basins in the Puget Sound area are efficiently amplified by both north and south propagating ruptures off the coast of western Washington. We find that the median spectral accelerations at 5 s period from the simulations are similar to that of the Zhao et al. (2006) ground-motion prediction equation, although our simulations predict higher amplitudes near the region of greatest slip and in the sedimentary basins, such as the Seattle basin.
C1 [Delorey, Andrew A.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Frankel, Arthur D.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Liu, Pengcheng] Bur Reclamat, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Stephenson, William J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Delorey, AA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop D446, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
OI Delorey, Andrew/0000-0002-5573-8251
FU FM Global insurance company
FX We thank Robert Graves, Stephen Hartzell, and Kazuki Koketsu for their
careful reviews of the manuscript that led us to substantially improve
it. This work was partially funded by FM Global insurance company. We
thank Harold Magistrale and Hosam Ali of FM Global for their support.
KiK-net data used in this study are provided by the National Research
Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED), Japan.
NR 49
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 16
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 3
BP 1430
EP 1446
DI 10.1785/0120130181
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AK4WR
UT WOS:000338425500024
ER
PT J
AU Haney, MM
Nakahara, H
AF Haney, Matthew M.
Nakahara, Hisashi
TI Surface-Wave Green's Tensors in the Near Field
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
AB We demonstrate the connection between theoretical expressions for the correlation of ambient noise Rayleigh and Love waves and the exact surface-wave Green's tensors for a point force. The surface-wave Green's tensors are well known in the far-field limit. On the other hand, the imaginary part of the exact Green's tensors, including near-field effects, arises in correlation techniques such as the spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method. Using the imaginary part of the exact Green's tensors from the SPAC method, we find the associated real part using the Kramers-Kronig relations. The application of the Kramers-Kronig relations is not straightforward, however, because the causality properties of the different tensor components vary. In addition to the Green's tensors for point force, we also derive expressions for a general point moment tensor source.
C1 [Haney, Matthew M.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Nakahara, Hisashi] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Geophys, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
RP Haney, MM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Alaska Volcano Observ, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM mhaney@usgs.gov; naka@zisin.gp.tohoku.ac.jp
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 3
BP 1578
EP 1586
DI 10.1785/0120130113
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AK4WR
UT WOS:000338425500037
ER
PT J
AU Bachmann, O
Deering, CD
Lipman, PW
Plummer, C
AF Bachmann, Olivier
Deering, Chad D.
Lipman, Peter W.
Plummer, Charles
TI Building zoned ignimbrites by recycling silicic cumulates: insight from
the 1,000 km(3) Carpenter Ridge Tuff, CO
SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Zoned ignimbrite; Magmatic differentiation; Supervolcanoes; Magmatism in
the W USA; Gradients in magma chambers
ID JUAN VOLCANIC FIELD; FISH CANYON MAGMA; RETHINKING CHEMICAL ZONATION;
LAACHER SEE TEPHRA; NEW-ZEALAND; FRACTIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION;
CALC-ALKALINE; CHAMBER EIFEL; WEST-GERMANY; BISHOP TUFF
AB The similar to 1,000 km(3) Carpenter Ridge Tuff (CRT), erupted at 27.55 Ma during the mid-tertiary ignimbrite flare-up in the western USA, is among the largest known strongly zoned ash-flow tuffs. It consists primarily of densely welded crystal-poor rhyolite with a pronounced, highly evolved chemical signature (high Rb/Sr, low Ba, Zr, Eu), but thickly ponded intracaldera CRT is capped by a more crystal-rich, less silicic facies. In the outflow ignimbrite, this upper zone is defined mainly by densely welded crystal-rich juvenile clasts of trachydacite composition, with higher Fe-Ti oxide temperatures, and is characterized by extremely high Ba (to 7,500 ppm), Zr, Sr, and positive Eu anomalies. Rare mafic clasts (51-53 wt% SiO2) with Ba contents to 4,000-5,000 ppm and positive Eu anomalies are also present. Much of the major and trace-element variations in the CRT juvenile clasts can be reproduced via in situ differentiation by interstitial melt extraction from a crystal-rich, upper-crustal mush zone, with the trachydacite, crystal-rich clasts representing the remobilized crystal cumulate left behind by the melt extraction process. Late recharge events, represented by the rare mafic clasts and high-Al amphiboles in some samples, mixed in with parts of the crystal cumulate and generated additional scatter in the whole-rock data. Recharge was important in thermally remobilizing the silicic crystal cumulate by partially melting the near-solidus phases, as supported by: (1) ubiquitous wormy/sieve textures and reverse zoning patterns in feldspars and biotites, (2) absence of quartz in this very silicic unit stored at depths of >4-5 km, and (3) heterogeneous melt compositions in the trachydacite fiamme and mafic clasts, particularly in Ba, indicating local enrichment of this element due mostly to sanidine and biotite melting. The injection of hot, juvenile magma into the upper-crustal cumulate also imparted the observed thermal gradient to the deposits and the mixing overprint that partly masks the in situ differentiation process. The CRT provides a particularly clear perspective on processes of in situ crystal-liquid separation into a lower crystal-rich zone and an upper eruptible cap, which appears common in incrementally built upper-crustal magma reservoirs of high-flux magmatic provinces.
C1 [Bachmann, Olivier] ETH, Inst Geochem & Petr, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Deering, Chad D.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol & Min Engn & Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Lipman, Peter W.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Hazards Team, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Plummer, Charles] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Bachmann, O (reprint author), ETH, Inst Geochem & Petr, Clausiusstr 25, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
EM baolivie@ethz.ch
FU GO-MAP program (University of Washington); ARCS-Seattle Chapter;
National Science Foundation [DGE-0718124]; US National Science
Foundation [EAR 0809828]; Swiss National Science Foundation
[200021_146268]
FX We thank Mike Dungan and Christian Huber for their many years of
support, both in the logistic and the scientific aspects of this
project. The Volcanology and Petrology Group at the University of
Washington is thanked for their support and for creating a fertile
research environment. We also thank Dr. Scott Kuehner University of
Washington) for his superb analytical expertise and assistance.
Thoughtful reviews by R. Lange, C. Wilson, A. Grunder, and two anonymous
reviewers substantially improved the final manuscript. This work was
partly supported by fellowships received by C. Plummer from the GO-MAP
program (University of Washington), ARCS-Seattle Chapter, and the
National Science Foundation [DGE-0718124]. Field work and analytical
work were funded by the US National Science Foundation [EAR 0809828] and
Swiss National Science Foundation (grant # 200021_146268) to Bachmann.
NR 67
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0010-7999
EI 1432-0967
J9 CONTRIB MINERAL PETR
JI Contrib. Mineral. Petrol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 167
IS 6
AR 1025
DI 10.1007/s00410-014-1025-3
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA AK3SD
UT WOS:000338344100002
ER
PT J
AU Thometz, NM
Tinker, MT
Staedler, MM
Mayer, KA
Williams, TM
AF Thometz, N. M.
Tinker, M. T.
Staedler, M. M.
Mayer, K. A.
Williams, T. M.
TI Energetic demands of immature sea otters from birth to weaning:
implications for maternal costs, reproductive behavior and
population-level trends
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Energetics; Enhydra lutris; Maternal investment; Ontogeny; Oxygen
consumption
ID ANTARCTIC FUR SEALS; ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; TIME BUDGETS; ACTIVITY PATTERNS;
DIVING BEHAVIOR; CALIFORNIA; THERMOREGULATION; TACTICS; GROWTH; CARE
AB Sea otters (Enhydra lutris) have the highest mass-specific metabolic rate of any marine mammal, which is superimposed on the inherently high costs of reproduction and lactation in adult females. These combined energetic demands have been implicated in the poor body condition and increased mortality of female sea otters nearing the end of lactation along the central California coast. However, the cost of lactation is unknown and currently cannot be directly measured for this marine species in the wild. Here, we quantified the energetic demands of immature sea otters across five developmental stages as a means of assessing the underlying energetic challenges associated with pup rearing that may contribute to poor maternal condition. Activity-specific metabolic rates, daily activity budgets and field metabolic rates (FMR) were determined for each developmental stage. Mean FMR of pre-molt pups was 2.29 +/- 0.81 MJ day(-1) and increased to 6.16 +/- 2.46 and 7.41 +/- 3.17 MJ day(-1) in post-molt pups and dependent immature animals, respectively. Consequently, daily energy demands of adult females increase 17% by 3 weeks postpartum and continue increasing to 96% above pre-pregnancy levels by the average age of weaning. Our results suggest that the energetics of pup rearing superimposed on small body size, marine living and limited on-board energetic reserves conspire to make female sea otters exceptionally vulnerable to energetic shortfalls. By controlling individual fitness, maternal behavior and pup provisioning strategies, this underlying metabolic challenge appears to be a major factor influencing current population trends in southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis).
C1 [Thometz, N. M.; Williams, T. M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Tinker, M. T.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, US Geol Survey, Ctr Ocean Hlth, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Staedler, M. M.; Mayer, K. A.] Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA 93950 USA.
RP Thometz, NM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Long Marine Lab, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM nthometz@ucsc.edu
RI Tinker, Martin/F-1277-2011
FU U.S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center; Office of
Naval Research [N00014-08-1-1273]; Otter Cove Foundation; Dr Earl A. &
Ethyl M. Myers Oceanographic and Marine Trust
FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey Western Ecological
Research Center; the Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-1-1273 to
T.M.W.]; the Otter Cove Foundation; and the Dr Earl A. & Ethyl M. Myers
Oceanographic and Marine Trust [to N.M.T.].
NR 61
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 7
U2 74
PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL,
CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-0949
EI 1477-9145
J9 J EXP BIOL
JI J. Exp. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 217
IS 12
BP 2053
EP 2061
DI 10.1242/jeb.099739
PG 9
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA AK6ER
UT WOS:000338521400009
PM 24920834
ER
PT J
AU Watling, JI
Fletcher, RJ
Speroterra, C
Bucklin, DN
Brandt, LA
Romanach, SS
Pearlstine, LG
Escribano, Y
Mazzotti, FJ
AF Watling, James I.
Fletcher, Robert J., Jr.
Speroterra, Carolina
Bucklin, David N.
Brandt, Laura A.
Romanach, Stephanie S.
Pearlstine, Leonard G.
Escribano, Yesenia
Mazzotti, Frank J.
TI Assessing Effects of Variation in Global Climate Data Sets on Spatial
Predictions from Climate Envelope Models
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; climate envelope model; endangered species; Florida;
uncertainty
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; PSEUDO-ABSENCE DATA; RANDOM FORESTS; LAND
AREAS; DISTRIBUTIONS; PERFORMANCE; CLASSIFICATION; UNCERTAINTY; IMPACTS;
MAPS
AB Climate change poses new challenges for natural resource managers. Predictive modeling of species-environment relationships using climate envelope models can enhance our understanding of climate change effects on biodiversity, assist in assessment of invasion risk by exotic organisms, and inform life-history understanding of individual species. While increasing interest has focused on the role of uncertainty in future conditions on model predictions, models also may be sensitive to the initial conditions on which they are trained. Although climate envelope models are usually trained using data on contemporary climate, we lack systematic comparisons of model performance and predictions across alternative climate data sets available for model training. Here, we seek to fill that gap by comparing variability in predictions between two contemporary climate data sets to variability in spatial predictions among three alternative projections of future climate. Overall, correlations between monthly temperature and precipitation variables were very high for both contemporary and future data. Model performance varied across algorithms, but not between two alternative contemporary climate data sets. Spatial predictions varied more among alternative general-circulation models describing future climate conditions than between contemporary climate data sets. However, we did find that climate envelope models with low Cohen's kappa scores made more discrepant spatial predictions between climate data sets for the contemporary period than did models with high Cohen's kappa scores. We suggest conservation planners evaluate multiple performance metrics and be aware of the importance of differences in initial conditions for spatial predictions from climate envelope models.
C1 [Watling, James I.; Speroterra, Carolina; Bucklin, David N.; Escribano, Yesenia; Mazzotti, Frank J.] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
[Fletcher, Robert J., Jr.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Brandt, Laura A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
[Romanach, Stephanie S.] US Geol Survey, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
[Pearlstine, Leonard G.] South Florida Nat Resources Ctr, Natl Pk Serv, Everglades Natl Pk, Homestead, FL 33030 USA.
RP Watling, JI (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
EM watlingj@ufl.edu
OI Romanach, Stephanie/0000-0003-0271-7825; Fletcher,
Robert/0000-0003-1717-5707
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Everglades and Dry Tortugas National
Park through the South Florida and Caribbean Cooperative Ecosystem
Studies Unit; U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority
Ecosystem Science
FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Everglades and Dry Tortugas National Park through the South
Florida and Caribbean Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit, and U.S.
Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science. We
thank the reviewers and Subject Editor for valuable comments that helped
improve the manuscript.
NR 50
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 13
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 1
BP 14
EP 25
DI 10.3996/072012-JFWM-056
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK5AT
UT WOS:000338436900002
ER
PT J
AU Hodgins, NC
Schramm, HL
Gerard, PD
AF Hodgins, Nathaniel C.
Schramm, Harold L., Jr.
Gerard, Patrick D.
TI Food Consumption and Growth Rates of Juvenile Black Carp Fed Natural and
Prepared Feeds
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Asian carp; daily consumption rate; freshwater mussels; Mylopharyngodon
piceus; snails; specific growth rate
ID LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; FRESH-WATER; MYLOPHARYNGODON-PICEUS;
BIOENERGETICS MODEL; FISH; TEMPERATURE; POPULATIONS; CATFISH
AB The introduced mollusciphagic black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus poses a significant threat to native mollusks in temperate waters throughout the northern hemisphere, but consumption rates necessary to estimate the magnitude of impact on mollusks have not been established. We measured food consumption and growth rates for small (77-245 g) and large (466-1,071 g) triploid black carp held individually under laboratory conditions at 20, 25, and 30 degrees C. Daily consumption rates (g food . g wet weight fish(-1).d(-1).100) of black carp that received prepared feed increased with temperature (small black carp 1.39-1.71; large black carp 1.28-2.10), but temperature-related increases in specific growth rate (100[ln(final weight) - ln(initial weight)]/number of days) only occurred for the large black carp (small black carp -0.02 to 0.19; large black carp 0.16-0.65). Neither daily consumption rates (5.90-6.28) nor specific growth rates (0.05-0.24) differed among temperatures for small black carp fed live snails. The results of these laboratory feeding trials indicate food consumption rates can vary from 289.9 to 349.5 J.g(-1).d(-1) for 150 g black carp receiving prepared feed, from 268.8 to 441.0 J.g(-1).d(-1) for 800 g black carp receiving prepared feed, and from 84.8 to 90.2 J.g(-1).d(-1) for 150 g black carp that feed on snails. Applying estimated daily consumption rates to estimated biomass of native mollusks indicates that a relatively low biomass of black carp could eliminate native snails and substantially reduce recruitment of mussels in time periods as short as 180 d.
C1 [Hodgins, Nathaniel C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Schramm, Harold L., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Gerard, Patrick D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Hodgins, NC (reprint author), Windom Fisheries Off, Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Windom, MN 56101 USA.
EM nate.hodgins@state.mn.us
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey, Mississippi
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
FX The design and conduct of this research and interpretation of results
benefited from the input of S. Miranda. T. Bowling, C. Mangum, A.
Spencer, and the staff at the Eastern Unit of the National Warmwater
Aquaculture Center assisted with data collection. The manuscript
benefited from reviews provided by three anonymous reviewers, and P.
Allen, P. Hartfield, and T. Newton. M. Fondren, manager of the Eastern
Unit of the National Warmwater Aquaculture Center, assisted with
aquarium system construction and feeding trials. Funding was provided by
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Geological Survey,
Mississippi Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit.
NR 34
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 46
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 1
BP 35
EP 45
DI 10.3996/112012-JFWM-101
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK5AT
UT WOS:000338436900004
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, KF
Jennings, CA
AF Robinson, Kelly F.
Jennings, Cecil A.
TI Productivity of Functional Guilds of Fishes in Managed Wetlands in
Coastal South Carolina
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE ACE Basin; estuarine-use functional guilds; habitat quality; waterfowl
impoundment; water-level manipulation
ID SALT-MARSH; FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; TIDAL CREEKS; POPULATION; HABITAT;
ESTUARY; NEKTON; IMPOUNDMENT; PATTERNS; GROWTH
AB In coastal South Carolina, many wetlands are impounded and managed as migratory waterfowl habitat. Impoundment effects on fish production and habitat quality largely are unknown. We used the size-frequency method to estimate summer production of fish guilds in three impoundments along the Combahee River, South Carolina. We predicted that guild-specific production would vary with impoundment salinity, which ranged from 3 to 21 practical salinity units. We expected that marine species that use the estuary as nursery habitat would have greatest production in the impoundment with the highest salinity regime, and that species that inhabit the upper reaches of the estuary would have greatest production in the impoundment with the lowest salinity regime. Finally, we expected that estuarine species would be highly productive in all study impoundments, because these species can reproduce within these structures. We found that guild-specific productivity varied both among years and among impoundments, generally following salinity gradients, though to a lesser extent than expected. Our guild-specific estimates of fish productivity fell on the low end of the range of previously published estuarine fish production estimates. Additionally, we observed large mortality events in the study impoundments each summer. The results of our study indicate that during the summer, the study impoundments provided poor-quality fish habitat to all guilds.
C1 [Robinson, Kelly F.] Univ Georgia, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Jennings, Cecil A.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Jennings, CA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM jennings@uga.edu
FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Georgia Department of Natural
Resources; University of Georgia; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S.
Geological Survey; Wildlife Management Institute; University of Georgia
[2009-3-060]
FX We thank M. Alber, J. Peterson, and S. Schweitzer for input into
experimental design and comments on this manuscript; and B. Carswell, G.
Crouch, P. Dimmick, J. Dycus, P. Ely, M. Homer, J. Kirsch, E. Mills, M.
Mundy, R. Peterson, J. Robinson, J. Ruiz, E. Wiggers, and S. Zimpfer for
assistance in field collections and logistical support. We also thank M.
Collins, J. Robinson, S. Upchurch, and one anonymous reviewer for
helpful comments in reviewing this manuscript. This research was
supported with a grant from the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation.
The Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Cooperative Research Unit is
sponsored jointly by Georgia Department of Natural Resources, the
University of Georgia, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S.
Geological Survey, and the Wildlife Management Institute. This study was
performed under the auspices of the University of Georgia Animal Use
Protocol 2009-3-060.
NR 60
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 14
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 1
BP 70
EP 86
DI 10.3996/112012-JFWM-099
PG 17
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK5AT
UT WOS:000338436900007
ER
PT J
AU Holmquist, LM
Ray, AM
Bancroft, BA
Pinkham, N
Webb, MAH
AF Holmquist, Luke M.
Ray, Andrew M.
Bancroft, Betsy A.
Pinkham, Nick
Webb, Molly A. H.
TI Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Woundfin Embryos and Larvae with
Application to Conservation Propagation
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE woundfin; embryo; larvae; UV-B; UV-B mitigation strategies; ultraviolet
radiation; Plagopterus argentissimus
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; COD GADUS-MORHUA; UVB RADIATION; 280-400 NM;
LAKES; METAANALYSIS; ATTENUATION; SURVIVAL; MARINE; GROWTH
AB Endangered woundfin Plagopterus argentissimus embryos and larvae were exposed to artificial ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation to directly examine the effects on mortality. The experiment was part of a project assisting the Virgin River Resource Management and Recovery Program's efforts to increase hatchery production of this endangered fish. The UV-B radiation used in this experiment was administered in treatments of 0.060, 0.030, and 0.015 mW/cm(2) to simulate 100, 50, and 25% of the ambient irradiance levels documented in outdoor tanks and living streams at Bubbling Ponds State Fish Hatchery, in Arizona. Embryos and larvae were exposed for 14.5 h followed by 9.5 h of darkness, in correspondence with the daylight hours at Bubbling Ponds. No embryos survived UV-B treatments; mortality among control (UV-B-free) treatments varied (5-100%) among females, indicating that there may be important parental effects that influence embryo mortality. Larval mortality was also 100% for individuals exposed to any of the three UV-B treatments. In contrast to embryo trials, larval mortality in UV-B-free treatments approached 20% for 2-d-old larvae. These experiments provide evidence that woundfin embryos and larvae are sensitive to even low levels of UV-B when exposed for 14.5 h. Susceptibility of larvae to UV-B also appears to be a function of age at exposure, with older larvae exhibiting significantly lower levels of mortality during the initial days of exposure. Experiments with UV-B mitigation strategies indicated that shade cloth, Aquashade (R), and elevated dissolved organic carbon can aid in the attenuation of UV-B, and these strategies may assist hatchery managers in implementing UV-B mitigation measures during periods when woundfin are most susceptible.
C1 [Holmquist, Luke M.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Ray, Andrew M.] Natl Pk Serv, Greater Yellowstone Network, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Bancroft, Betsy A.] Southern Utah Univ, Dept Biol, Cedar City, UT 84720 USA.
[Pinkham, Nick; Webb, Molly A. H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Webb, MAH (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, 4050 Bridger Canyon Rd, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM molly_webb@fws.gov
FU Virgin River Resource Management and Recovery Program
FX This study was funded by the Virgin River Resource Management and
Recovery Program.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 1
BP 87
EP 98
DI 10.3996/042013-JFWM-030
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK5AT
UT WOS:000338436900008
ER
PT J
AU Hansen, MJ
Nate, NA
AF Hansen, Michael J.
Nate, Nancy A.
TI Effects of Recruitment, Growth, and Exploitation on Walleye Population
Size Structure in Northern Wisconsin Lakes
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE walleye; recruitment; growth; exploitation; Wisconsin; population;
management
ID DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; ESCANABA LAKE; CATCHABILITY; ABUNDANCE; PIKE
AB We evaluated the dynamics of walleye Sander vitreus population size structure, as indexed by the proportional size distribution (PSD) of quality-length fish, in Escanaba Lake during 1967-2003 and in 204 other lakes in northern Wisconsin during 1990-2011. We estimated PSD from angler-caught walleyes in Escanaba Lake and from spring electrofishing in 204 other lakes, and then related PSD to annual estimates of recruitment to age-3, length at age 3, and annual angling exploitation rate. In Escanaba Lake during 1967-2003, annual estimates of PSD were highly dynamic, growth (positively) explained 35% of PSD variation, recruitment explained only 3% of PSD variation, and exploitation explained only 7% of PSD variation. In 204 other northern Wisconsin lakes during 1990-2011, PSD varied widely among lakes, recruitment (negatively) explained 29% of PSD variation, growth (positively) explained 21% of PSD variation, and exploitation explained only 4% of PSD variation. We conclude that population size structure was most strongly driven by recruitment and growth, rather than exploitation, in northern Wisconsin walleye populations. Studies of other species over wide spatial and temporal ranges of recruitment, growth, and mortality are needed to determine which dynamic rate most strongly influences population size structure of other species. Our findings indicate a need to be cautious about assuming exploitation is a strong driver of walleye population size structure.
C1 [Hansen, Michael J.; Nate, Nancy A.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Fishery Anal Ctr, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
RP Hansen, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
EM michaelhansen@usgs.gov
OI Hansen, Michael/0000-0001-8522-3876
FU Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources partly through the Federal Aid
in Sportfish Restoration Program
FX Funding was provided by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
partly through the Federal Aid in Sportfish Restoration Program. This
article is contribution 1836 of the U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes
Science Center.
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 22
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 1
BP 99
EP 108
DI 10.3996/092013-JFWM-065
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK5AT
UT WOS:000338436900009
ER
PT J
AU Jacobs, GR
Gundersen, DT
Webb, MAH
Gorsky, D
Kohl, K
Lockwood, K
AF Jacobs, Gregory R.
Gundersen, Deke T.
Webb, Molly A. H.
Gorsky, Dimitry
Kohl, Kristina
Lockwood, Kelsey
TI Evaluation of Organochlorine Pesticides and Sex Steroids in Lower
Niagara River Lake Sturgeon
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Niagara River; pesticides; sex steroids; sturgeon
ID WHITE STURGEON; NEW-YORK; REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURE; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH;
COLUMBIA RIVER; BLOOD-PLASMA; COHO SALMON; CONTAMINANTS; POPULATION;
FISH
AB As a long-lived, late-maturing species, lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens are vulnerable to the bioaccumulation of contaminants, which may impact reproductive physiology. The purpose of this study was to use a nondestructive method to investigate the relationship between endocrine-disrupting contaminants and sex steroids in lake sturgeon from the lower Niagara River. We screened blood plasma samples from lower Niagara River lake sturgeon (n = 63) during April and May of 2012 for concentrations of 17 organochlorine (OC) contaminants that may affect endocrine function, as well as for abnormal levels of sex steroids testosterone (T) and 17 beta-estradiol (E2). We found detectable levels of two OC contaminants in the blood plasma of lake sturgeon, DDE (n = 21) and gamma-BHC (n = 1). In both cases, plasma contaminant concentration was well below levels known to adversely affect sturgeon reproductive physiology. In addition, qualitative analysis of chromatographs from plasma extracts did not show the presence of other peaks that matched polychlorinated biphenyl standard peaks. Comparisons of plasma steroid levels with those of others from the literature gave no indication of endocrine disruption, though plasma T levels were notably high in the lower Niagara River population. We conclude that plasma OC levels are below threshold levels found in the scientific literature that would affect lake sturgeon reproductive physiology, and that it is unlikely that significant contaminant-mediated endocrine disruption is occurring in this population.
C1 [Jacobs, Gregory R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Northeast Fishery Ctr, Lamar, PA 16870 USA.
[Gundersen, Deke T.; Kohl, Kristina; Lockwood, Kelsey] Univ Pacific, Dept Environm Sci, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA.
[Webb, Molly A. H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Gorsky, Dimitry] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lower Great Lakes Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Basom, NY 14013 USA.
RP Jacobs, GR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Northeast Fishery Ctr, Lamar, PA 16870 USA.
EM gregory_jacobs@fws.gov
FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
FX We thank Peter Allen, Stephanie Shaw, and Steven Chipps for providing
access to their data and for reviewing this manuscript. We also thank
Robert Muth and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This
paper was much improved by their contributions. Mariah Talbott, Eli
Cureton, Michelle Casto-Yerty, Betsy Trometer, Todd Duvall, and many
others helped assist with fieldwork and sample processing. Mention of
specific products does not constitute endorsement by the U.S.
Government. This study was funded by the Great Lakes Restoration
Initiative.
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 12
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 1
BP 109
EP 117
DI 10.3996/072013-JFWM-048
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK5AT
UT WOS:000338436900010
ER
PT J
AU Hand, BK
Chen, SY
Anderson, N
Beja-Pereira, A
Cross, PC
Ebinger, M
Edwards, H
Garrott, RA
Kardos, MD
Kauffman, M
Landguth, EL
Middleton, A
Scurlock, B
White, PJ
Zager, P
Schwartz, MK
Luikart, G
AF Hand, Brian K.
Chen, Shanyuan
Anderson, Neil
Beja-Pereira, Albano
Cross, Paul C.
Ebinger, Michael
Edwards, Hank
Garrott, Robert A.
Kardos, Marty D.
Kauffman, Matt
Landguth, Erin L.
Middleton, Arthur
Scurlock, Brandon
White, P. J.
Zager, Pete
Schwartz, Michael K.
Luikart, Gordon
TI Sex-Biased Gene Flow Among Elk in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Cervus elephus; female philopatry; genetic population structure;
Yellowstone National Park
ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; RED DEER; DIFFERENTIATION; DISPERSAL; DIVERSITY;
SOFTWARE; DISTANCE; RESCUE
AB We quantified patterns of population genetic structure to help understand gene flow among elk populations across the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. We sequenced 596 base pairs of the mitochondrial control region of 380 elk from eight populations. Analysis revealed high mitochondrial DNA variation within populations, averaging 13.0 haplotypes with high mean gene diversity (0.85). The genetic differentiation among populations for mitochondrial DNA was relatively high (F-ST = 0.161; P = 0.001) compared to genetic differentiation for nuclear microsatellite data (F-ST = 0.002; P = 0.332), which suggested relatively low female gene flow among populations. The estimated ratio of male to female gene flow (m(m)/m(f) = 46) was among the highest we have seen reported for large mammals. Genetic distance (for mitochondrial DNA pairwise FST) was not significantly correlated with geographic (Euclidean) distance between populations (Mantel's r = 0.274, P = 0.168). Large mitochondrial DNA genetic distances (e.g., F-ST >0.2) between some of the geographically closest populations (<65 km) suggested behavioral factors and/or landscape features might shape female gene flow patterns. Given the strong sex-biased gene flow, future research and conservation efforts should consider the sexes separately when modeling corridors of gene flow or predicting spread of maternally transmitted diseases. The growing availability of genetic data to compare male vs. female gene flow provides many exciting opportunities to explore the magnitude, causes, and implications of sex-biased gene flow likely to occur in many species.
C1 [Hand, Brian K.; Kardos, Marty D.; Landguth, Erin L.; Luikart, Gordon] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Hand, Brian K.; Kardos, Marty D.] Univ Montana, Montana Ecol Infect Dis Integrat Grad Educ & Res, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Luikart, Gordon] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Fish & Wildlife Genom Grp, Polson, MT 59860 USA.
[Chen, Shanyuan; Beja-Pereira, Albano; Luikart, Gordon] Univ Porto CIBIO UP, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal.
[Cross, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Ebinger, Michael; Garrott, Robert A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[White, P. J.] Natl Pk Serv, Yellowstone Natl Pk, Mammoth, WY 82190 USA.
[Edwards, Hank] Wildlife Dis Lab, Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
[Kauffman, Matt; Middleton, Arthur] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Anderson, Neil] Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Parks, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Zager, Pete] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Lewiston, ID 83501 USA.
[Scurlock, Brandon] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Pinedale, WY 82941 USA.
RP Hand, BK (reprint author), Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM brian.hand@umontana.edu
RI Chen, Shanyuan/C-8003-2011; Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014; Cross,
Paul/K-6987-2012; Beja-Pereira, Albano/B-3681-2008
OI Chen, Shanyuan/0000-0002-9524-9428; Schwartz,
Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367; Cross, Paul/0000-0001-8045-5213;
Beja-Pereira, Albano/0000-0002-1607-7382
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0723928, DEB-1258203, DEB-1067613,
DGE-0504628, RAG DEB-0716188]; US National Park Service (USA);
Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) [PTDC/BIA-BDE/65625/2006]; Wyoming
Game and Fish Department; Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation; Wyoming Animal
Damage Management Board; Wyoming Governor's Big Game License Coalition
FX The University of Washington High Throughput Sequencing Center (HTSeq)
provided mtDNA sequencing, and K. Pilgrim helped isolate DNA and
genotype microsatellites. Fred W. Allendorf provided helpful comments on
an earlier version of this paper. Peter Smouse provided helpful advice
on interpreting measures of genetic differentiation and computing
confidence intervals. Two anonymous reviewers and the Subject Editor
provided helpful reviews and comments. National Science Foundation
grants supported GL and PC (DEB-0723928, DEB-1258203, DEB-1067613), BKH
and MK (DGE-0504628, and RAG DEB-0716188). GL was also supported by
grants from the US National Park Service (USA) and a grant
(PTDC/BIA-BDE/65625/2006) from the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT).
ADM and MJK were supported by grants from the Wyoming Game and Fish
Department, the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, the Wyoming Animal Damage
Management Board, and the Wyoming Governor's Big Game License Coalition.
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 20
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 1
BP 124
EP 132
DI 10.3996/022012-JFWM-017
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK5AT
UT WOS:000338436900012
ER
PT J
AU Layhee, M
Yoshioka, M
Farokhkish, B
Gross, JA
Sepulveda, AJ
AF Layhee, Megan
Yoshioka, Miho
Farokhkish, Bahram
Gross, Jackson A.
Sepulveda, Adam J.
TI Toxicity of a Traditional Molluscicide to Asian Clam Veligers
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE aquaculture; Asian clam; Corbicula fluminea; invasive species;
molluscicide; veliger
ID AQUACULTURE ACTIVITIES; CORBICULA-FLUMINEA; FISH HATCHERY; ZEBRA
MUSSELS; SPREAD
AB Aquaculture and hatchery industries are in need of effective control methods to reduce the risk of spreading aquatic invasive species, such as the Asian clam Corbicula fluminea, through aquaculture and hatchery activities. The planktonic nature of Asian clam veligers enables this life stage to enter water-based infrastructure undetected, including hatchery trucks used to stock fish. Once in hatchery trucks, veligers can disperse overland and establish in previously uninvaded habitats. As a result, there is a need to develop techniques that result in veliger mortality but do not harm fish. In September 2012, we conducted laboratory trials to determine if a molluscicide (750 mg/L potassium chloride and 25 mg/L formalin) commonly used to kill zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) veligers in hatchery trucks can also effectively kill Asian clam veligers. We exposed Asian clam veligers to this molluscicide for 1, 3, and 5 h in each of two water types: deionized water and filtered lake water. We found <20% mortality at the 1-h exposure period and 100% mortality at both the 3-h and 5-h exposure periods, regardless of water type. This laboratory study represents an important step toward reducing the spread of Asian clams by aquaculture facilities.
C1 [Layhee, Megan; Farokhkish, Bahram; Gross, Jackson A.; Sepulveda, Adam J.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Layhee, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM mlayhee@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey (USFWS
Interagency) [60181AN411]
FX This project was funded by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S.
Geological Survey (USFWS Interagency Agreement number: 60181AN411).
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 15
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 1
BP 141
EP 145
DI 10.3996/042013-JFWM-032
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK5AT
UT WOS:000338436900014
ER
PT J
AU Palumbo, MD
Vilella, FJ
Strickland, BK
Wang, GM
Godwin, D
AF Palumbo, Matthew D.
Vilella, Francisco J.
Strickland, Bronson K.
Wang, Guiming
Godwin, Dave
TI Brood Surveys and Hunter Observations Used to Predict Gobbling Activity
of Wild Turkeys in Mississippi
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE brood surveys; gobbling activity; hunter surveys; Meleagris gallopavo;
Mississippi; wild turkeys
ID RATES
AB The Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks utilize data from turkey hunter observations and brood surveys from across the state to manage wild turkey Meleagris gallopavo populations. Since 1995, hunters have collected gobbling and jake observation data, while the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks' personnel and cooperating wildlife managers of several natural resource agencies throughout the state have collected brood survey data. Both sources of data serve to forecast poult recruitment and gobbling activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate if these data can serve as a viable predictor of gobbling activity. We used three mixed models to investigate the relationship between the number of jakes observed per hour of hunting 1 y prior and the total number of poults per hens 2 y prior (model 1), number of gobblers heard per hour of hunting and the number of jakes observed per hour of hunting 1 y prior (model 2), the number of gobblers heard per hour of hunting and the total number poults per total hens observed 2 y prior (model 3) using data from 1995 to 2008 among five wild turkey management regions encompassing the state. We incorporated region as a random effect to account for spatial variation. We found the number of jakes observed per hour of hunting 1 y prior correlated with the total number of poults per total hens observed 2 y prior. We also found the number of gobblers heard per hour of hunting correlated with the number of jakes observed per hour of hunting 1 y prior. Additionally, we found that the total poults per total hens observed 2 y prior was correlated to the number of gobblers heard per hour of hunting. Our results show promise for using indices of gobbling activity, jake observations, and brood surveys to estimate gobbling activity.
C1 [Palumbo, Matthew D.; Strickland, Bronson K.; Wang, Guiming] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Vilella, Francisco J.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Godwin, Dave] Mississippi Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Pk, Jackson, MS 39211 USA.
RP Palumbo, MD (reprint author), 115 Front St, Port Rowan, ON N0E 1M0, Canada.
EM mpalumb7@uwo.ca
FU Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks [W-48-56];
Study 58 of the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Program
FX We greatly appreciate the efforts of Mississippi's sportsmen and the
various natural resource agencies that have gathered wild turkey
observations. We thank S.L. Edwards, R.S. Seiss, A. Butler, and J.
Koloski for their support. Funding for this project was provided by the
Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks through project
W-48-56, Study 58 of the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Program. We
also would like to thank the Subject Editor and anonymous reviewers for
their insightful comments and recommendations during the review of the
manuscript.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 16
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 1
BP 151
EP 156
DI 10.3996/032013-JFWM-023
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK5AT
UT WOS:000338436900016
ER
PT J
AU Lowe, SJ
Aderman, AR
AF Lowe, Stacey J.
Aderman, Andy R.
TI Effects of Capture on the Reproductive Performance of Female Moose
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Alces alces; capture; chemical immobilization; moose;
productivity; reproduction
ID LINEAR MIXED MODELS; ALASKA; PREGNANCY; SURVIVAL; CALVES; SERUM
AB Since 1998, 83 female moose Alces alces have been captured and instrumented with radiocollars as part of a population dynamics study in southwestern Alaska. Moose were pursued and immobilized with carfentanil citrate and xylazine HCl administered from a dart gun fired from a helicopter. We investigated the potential for capture and radiotelemetry instrumentation to alter calf production or recruitment of 78 radiocollared adult female moose. Calf production or recruitment by radioed females was not significantly different between capture and noncapture years (P < 0.290; P < 0.789, respectively). We recommend the continued use of these capture and immobilization methods for deploying radiocollars to study moose population dynamics in this region.
C1 [Lowe, Stacey J.; Aderman, Andy R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Togiak Natl Wildlife Refuge, Dillingham, AK 99576 USA.
RP Lowe, SJ (reprint author), Izembek Natl Wildlife Refuge, POB 127, Cold Bay, AK 99571 USA.
EM stacey_lowe@fws.gov
FU Togiak National Wildlife Refuge; Alaska Department of Fish and Game;
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Office of Subsistence Management
FX The success of this project is due to the cooperation of many people. We
thank fixed-winged pilots M. Hinkes, M. Hink, P. Liedberg, R. MacDonald,
G. Howell, T. Tucker, J. Wittkop, D. Cox, R. Grant, T. Schlagel, and G.
Dobson for providing safe flying during capture operations and
radiotracking. R. Swisher, B. Merkley, J. Woolington, L. Van Daele, P.
Valkenburg, M. Keech, B. Dale, L. Butler, and J. Crouse were
instrumental during capture operations. P. Walsh, M. Lisac, G. Collins,
and P. Abraham assisted in various aspects of this project. We also
thank N. Roberts and A. Benson for helpful comments and suggestions on
the analysis for this study. We thank several anonymous reviewers and
the Subject Editor whose comments, criticisms, and suggestions greatly
improved this manuscript. Financial support was provided by Togiak
National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, and the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Office of Subsistence Management.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 18
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 1
BP 157
EP 166
DI 10.3996/032013-JFWM-028
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK5AT
UT WOS:000338436900017
ER
PT J
AU Webber, PA
Beers, D
AF Webber, P. Aaron
Beers, David
TI Detecting Razorback Suckers Using Passive Integrated Transponder Tag
Antennas in the Green River, Utah
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE razorback sucker; colorado pikeminnow; PIT tag; antenna; spawn; Green
River; Utah
ID CATOSTOMUS-DISCOBOLUS; XYRAUCHEN-TEXANUS; COLORADO; BASIN
AB In order to increase detections of razorback suckers Xyrauchen texanus tagged with passive integrated transponders in the upper Colorado River basin, we deployed two passive instream flat-plate antennas (33 x 668 cm) at a razorback sucker spawning location in the Green River, Utah, during spring of 2012 and 2013. Over the course of 29 d in 2012 and 90 d in 2013, the antennas detected 569 razorback suckers, 19 Colorado pikeminnow Ptychocheilus lucius, 16 flannelmouth suckers Catostomus latipinnis, and 1 bluehead sucker Catostomus discobolus. Despite extensive sampling via boat electrofishing (rafts and hard-bottom boats) and netting (fyke, trammel, and gill) in wetlands that occurred from the 1990s to present in the upper Colorado River basin, a large number of tagged razorback suckers and Colorado pikeminnow, including a fish released in 1996, were detected for the first time by our antennas. Our data indicate that the detectability of razorback suckers, and precision and accuracy of survival and population estimates might be increased significantly with the addition of data gathered by passive instream flat-plate antennas in the Green River.
C1 [Webber, P. Aaron; Beers, David] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Colorado River Fish Project, Vernal, UT 84078 USA.
RP Webber, PA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Colorado River Fish Project, 1380 South 2350 West, Vernal, UT 84078 USA.
EM aaron_webber@fws.gov
FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation through the Upper Colorado River Endangered
Fish Recovery Program
FX This study was funded by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation through the
Upper Colorado River Endangered Fish Recovery Program.
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 8
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 1
BP 191
EP 196
DI 10.3996/122012-JFWM-104
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK5AT
UT WOS:000338436900021
ER
PT J
AU Varsani, A
Kraberger, S
Jennings, S
Porzig, EL
Julian, L
Massaro, M
Pollard, A
Ballard, G
Ainley, DG
AF Varsani, Arvind
Kraberger, Simona
Jennings, Scott
Porzig, Elizabeth L.
Julian, Laurel
Massaro, Melanie
Pollard, Annie
Ballard, Grant
Ainley, David G.
TI A novel papillomavirus in Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) faeces
sampled at the Cape Crozier colony, Antarctica
SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; HUMAN ALPHA-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; OPEN READING
FRAMES; DNA VIRUSES; GENOMIC CHARACTERIZATION; DETECTING RECOMBINATION;
AVIAN PAPILLOMAVIRUSES; PHYLOGENETIC EVIDENCE; MOSAIC STRUCTURE;
DISEASE-VIRUS
AB Papillomaviruses are epitheliotropic viruses that have circular dsDNA genomes encapsidated in non-enveloped virions. They have been found to infect a variety of mammals, reptiles and birds, but so far they have not been found in amphibians. Using a next-generation sequencing de novo assembly contig-informed recovery, we cloned and Sanger sequenced the complete genome of a novel papillomavirus from the faecal matter of Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) nesting on Ross Island, Antarctica. The genome had all the usual features of a papillomavirus and an E9 ORF encoding a protein of unknown function that is found in all avian papillomaviruses to date. This novel papillomavirus genome shared similar to 60% pairwise identity with the genomes of the other three known avian papillomaviruses: Fringilla coelebs papilloma virus 1 (FcPV1), Francolinus leucoscepus papillomavirus 1 (FIPV1) and Psittacus erithacus papillomavirus 1. Pairwise identity analysis and phylogenetic analysis of the major capsid protein gene clearly indicated that it represents a novel species, which we named Pygoscelis adeliae papilloma virus 1 (PaCV1). No evidence of recombination was detected in the genome of PaCV1, but we did detect a recombinant region (119 nt) in the E6 gene of FIPV1 with the recombinant region being derived from ancestral FcPV1-like sequences. Previously only paramyxoviruses, orthomyxoviruses and avian pox viruses have been genetically identified in penguins; however, the majority of penguin viral identifications have been based on serology or histology. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of a papillomavirus associated with a penguin species.
C1 [Varsani, Arvind; Kraberger, Simona; Julian, Laurel] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
[Varsani, Arvind; Kraberger, Simona; Julian, Laurel] Univ Canterbury, Biomol Interact Ctr, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
[Varsani, Arvind] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Varsani, Arvind] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Varsani, Arvind] Univ Cape Town, Dept Clin Lab Sci, Div Med Biochem, Electron Microscope Unit, ZA-7700 Observatory, South Africa.
[Jennings, Scott] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Porzig, Elizabeth L.; Pollard, Annie; Ainley, David G.] HT Harvey & Associates, Los Gatos, CA 95032 USA.
[Massaro, Melanie] Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Environm Sci, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia.
[Ballard, Grant] Point Blue Conservat Sci, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA.
RP Varsani, A (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
EM arvind.varsani@canterbury.ac.nz
FU US National Science Foundation (NSF) [ANT-0944411]; School of Biological
Sciences (University of Canterbury, New Zealand) scholarship
FX The field work was supported the US National Science Foundation (NSF)
under grant ANT-0944411, with logistics supplied by the US Antarctic
Program. Field work was conducted under Animal Care and Use Permit #4130
through Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA, and Antarctic
Conservation Act Permit #2006-010 from NSF. S. K. is supported by a
School of Biological Sciences (University of Canterbury, New Zealand)
scholarship.
NR 85
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 17
PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
PI READING
PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG,
BERKS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1317
EI 1465-2099
J9 J GEN VIROL
JI J. Gen. Virol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 95
BP 1352
EP 1365
DI 10.1099/vir.0.064436-0
PN 6
PG 14
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
GA AK1LN
UT WOS:000338176700016
PM 24686913
ER
PT J
AU Krause, A
Golovin, D
Converse, S
AF Krause, Andreas
Golovin, Daniel
Converse, Sarah
TI Sequential Decision Making in Computational Sustainability Through
Adaptive Submodularity
SO AI MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
ID APPROXIMATIONS; INFORMATION
AB Many problems in computational sustainability require making a sequence of decisions in complex, uncertain environments. Such problems are generally notoriously difficult. In this article, we review the recently discovered notion of adaptive submodularity, an intuitive diminishing returns condition that generalizes the classical notion of submodular set functions to sequential decision problems. Problems exhibiting the adaptive submodularity property can be efficiently and provably nearoptimally solved using simple myopic policies.. We illustrate this concept in several case studies of interest in computational sustainability: First, we demonstrate how it can be used to efficiently plan for resolving uncertainty in adaptive management scenarios. Then, we show how it applies to. dynamic conservation planning for protecting endangered species, a case study carried out in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service..
C1 [Krause, Andreas] ETH, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Krause, Andreas] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Converse, Sarah] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Res Grp, Laurel, MD USA.
RP Krause, A (reprint author), ETH, Zurich, Switzerland.
OI Converse, Sarah J/0000-0002-3719-5441
FU NSF [CNS-0932392, IIS-0953413]; ERC StG [307036]; Caltech Center for the
Mathematics of Information; Microsoft Research Faculty Fellowship; U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service; ONR [N00014-09-1-1044]
FX This research was partially supported by ONR grant N00014-09-1-1044, NSF
grants CNS-0932392 and IIS-0953413, ERC StG 307036, the Caltech Center
for the Mathematics of Information, a Microsoft Research Faculty
Fellowship and by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. We thank J.
Bakker, J. Bush, M. Jensen, T. Kaye, J. Kenagy, C. Langston, S. Pearson,
M. Singer, D. Stinson, D. Stokes, T. Thomas, B. Gardner, S. Morey, I.
Bogunovic, D. Ray, and C. Camerer for their contributions.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER ASSOC ARTIFICIAL INTELL
PI MENLO PK
PA 445 BURGESS DRIVE, MENLO PK, CA 94025-3496 USA
SN 0738-4602
J9 AI MAG
JI AI Mag.
PD SUM
PY 2014
VL 35
IS 2
BP 8
EP 18
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA AJ5ZH
UT WOS:000337768900002
ER
PT J
AU Smith, JM
Wells, SP
Mather, ME
Muth, RM
AF Smith, Joseph M.
Wells, Sarah P.
Mather, Martha E.
Muth, Robert M.
TI Fish biodiversity sampling in stream ecosystems: a process for
evaluating the appropriate types and amount of gear
SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE stream; river; biodiversity; conservation evaluation; ecological status;
fish
ID AQUATIC CONSERVATION; IMPERFECT DETECTION; COMMUNITIES; EFFICIENCY;
PATTERNS; SERVICES; DESIGN; DISTRIBUTIONS; RESTORATION; INVENTORIES
AB Because human impacts and climate change threaten aquatic ecosystems, a need exists to quantify catchment-scale biodiversity patterns and identify conservation actions that can mitigate adverse human impacts on aquatic biota. Whereas many traditional aquatic resource questions can be answered by repeatedly sampling a few target species with limited types of gear in the same habitats, sampling fish biodiversity patterns at larger scales requires a different approach. Researchers and managers need to determine the types of sampling gear and amount of effort that provide a representative estimate of biodiversity in a range of habitats across a catchment. Using a randomized block design within a 90-m stream reach that contained the same habitats as the scientific study area, fish assemblages were compared using three different types of gear (minnow traps, backpack electrofishing, and hoop nets) at three levels of effort (one, two, and three mixed-gear units) over four replicate days. A mixture of gear types best quantified fish assemblages. A combination of 10 minnow traps, 20-m of backpack electrofishing, and two hoop nets caught the most species. Additional gear added few new species. Resampling confirmed these results. When researchers and managers initiate sampling on a new stream or river system, they do not know how effective each gear type is and whether their sampling effort is adequate. Although the types and amount of gear may be different for other studies, systems, and research questions, the five-step process described here for making sampling decisions and evaluating sampling efficiency can be applied widely to any system to restore, manage, and conserve aquatic ecosystems. It is believed that incorporating this gear-evaluation process into a wide variety of studies and ecosystems will increase rigour within and across aquatic biodiversity studies. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Smith, Joseph M.; Wells, Sarah P.] Univ Massachusetts, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Mather, Martha E.] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Muth, Robert M.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Smith, JM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM jsmithuw@u.washington.edu
FU University of Massachusetts IACUC [27-02-03]
FX This project was administered through the Massachusetts Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit, which is a cooperation among the University
of Massachusetts, the US Geological Survey, the Massachusetts Division
of Marine Fisheries, the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and
Wildlife, and the Wildlife Management Institute. The Kansas Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Kansas State University, the US
Geological Survey, US Fish and Wildlife Service; the Kansas Department
of Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism, and the Wildlife Management Institute)
provided support during manuscript preparation. The University of
Massachusetts School of Marine Sciences, Amherst, especially Robert
Gamache, is thanked for support. We thank the Plum Island Ecosystems
LTER programme (OCE-0423565, OCE-1058747, OCE-1238212) for generously
providing lodging and other field support. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US government. Invaluable field, laboratory and other
assistance were provided by T. Lens, C. Kennedy, H. Frank, M. Burak, and
C. Kielbasa. Discussions with and manuscript reviews by J. Finn, L.
Deegan, R. Zwick, S. Cadrin, and an anonymous reviewer improved the
manuscript. This research was performed under the auspices of University
of Massachusetts IACUC Protocol # 27-02-03.
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1052-7613
EI 1099-0755
J9 AQUAT CONSERV
JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 3
BP 338
EP 350
DI 10.1002/aqc.2420
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AJ3RV
UT WOS:000337585900005
ER
PT J
AU Mushet, DM
Neau, JL
Euliss, NH
AF Mushet, David M.
Neau, Jordan L.
Euliss, Ned H., Jr.
TI Modeling effects of conservation grassland losses on amphibian habitat
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Amphibians; Conservation Reserve Program (CRP); Grassland conservation;
Habitat modeling; InVEST; Land-use change; Prairie Pothole Region
ID PRAIRIE POTHOLE REGION; NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; LAND-USE CHANGE; BREEDING
AMPHIBIANS; BUFFER ZONES; EXTINCTION; WETLANDS; SALAMANDERS; MIGRATION;
DISPERSAL
AB Amphibians provide many ecosystem services valued by society. However, populations have declined globally with most declines linked to habitat change. Wetlands and surrounding terrestrial grasslands form habitat for amphibians in the North American Prairie Pothole Region (PPR). Wetland drainage and grassland conversion have destroyed or degraded much amphibian habitat in the PPR. However, conservation grasslands can provide alternate habitat. In the United States, the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is the largest program maintaining grasslands on agricultural lands. We used an ecosystem services model (InVEST) parameterized for the PPR to quantify amphibian habitat over a six-year period (2007-2012). We then quantified changes in availability of amphibian habitat under various land-cover scenarios representing incremental losses (10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) of CRP grasslands from 2012 levels. The area of optimal amphibian habitat in the four PPR ecoregions modeled (i.e., Northern Glaciated Plains, Northwestern Glaciated Plains, Lake Agassiz Plain, Des Moines Lobe) declined by approximately 22%, from 3.8 million ha in 2007 to 2.9 million ha in 2012. These losses were driven by the conversion of CRP grasslands to croplands, primarily for corn and soybean production. Our modeling identified an additional 0.8 million ha (26%) of optimal amphibian habitat that would be lost if remaining CRP lands are returned to crop production. An economic climate favoring commodity production over conservation has resulted in substantial losses of amphibian habitat across the PPR that will likely continue into the future. Other regions of the world face similar challenges to maintaining amphibian habitats. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Mushet, David M.; Neau, Jordan L.; Euliss, Ned H., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
RP Mushet, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM dmushet@usgs.gov
FU United States Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation
Service (NRCS) through their Conservation Effects Assessment Project
(CEAP-Wetlands); Farm Service Agency (FSA) Economics and Policy Analysis
Staff; NRCS; FSA
FX Financial support for this effort came from the United States Department
of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) through
their Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP-Wetlands) and the
Farm Service Agency (FSA) Economics and Policy Analysis Staff. We thank
our partners in NRCS and FSA for their financial support. Additionally,
we thank Scott McMurry and four anonymous reviewers for their critical
reviews of earlier drafts of our manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 47
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 49
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 174
BP 93
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.blocon.2014.04.001
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AJ4MP
UT WOS:000337650800011
ER
PT J
AU Wen, Z
Pollock, KH
Nichols, JD
Waser, PM
Cao, WH
AF Wen, Zhi
Pollock, Kenneth H.
Nichols, James D.
Waser, Peter M.
Cao, Weihua
TI Using imputation and mixture model approaches to integrate multi-state
capture-recapture models with assignment information
SO BIOMETRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Capture-recapture; Dispersal; Genetic assignment tests; Imputation
approach; Kangaroo rat; Mixture model; Multi-state; Population
assignment procedure; Robust-design; Semiparametric; Superpopulation
ID POPULATIONS; SINKS
AB In this article, we first extend the superpopulation capture-recapture model to multiple states (locations or populations) for two age groups., Wen et al., (2011; 2013) developed a new approach combining capture-recapture data with population assignment information to estimate the relative contributions of in situ births and immigrants to the growth of a single study population. Here, we first generalize Wen et al., (2011; 2013) approach to a system composed of multiple study populations (multi-state) with two age groups, where an imputation approach is employed to account for the uncertainty inherent in the population assignment information. Then we develop a different, individual-level mixture model approach to integrate the individual-level population assignment information with the capture-recapture data. Our simulation and real data analyses show that the fusion of population assignment information with capture-recapture data allows us to estimate the origination-specific recruitment of new animals to the system and the dispersal process between populations within the system. Compared to a standard capture-recapture model, our new models improve the estimation of demographic parameters, including survival probability, origination-specific entry probability, and especially the probability of movement between populations, yielding higher accuracy and precision.
C1 [Wen, Zhi; Cao, Weihua] Novartis, E Hanover, NJ 07936 USA.
[Pollock, Kenneth H.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol & Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Nichols, James D.] USGS, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Waser, Peter M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Wen, Z (reprint author), Novartis, E Hanover, NJ 07936 USA.
EM zhiwenislucky@gmail.com
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0006-341X
EI 1541-0420
J9 BIOMETRICS
JI Biometrics
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 70
IS 2
BP 323
EP 334
DI 10.1111/biom.12155
PG 12
WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational
Biology; Mathematics
GA AJ4DK
UT WOS:000337621000008
PM 24571715
ER
PT J
AU Henry, LA
Frank, N
Hebbeln, D
Wienberg, C
Robinson, L
van de Flierdt, T
Dahl, M
Douarin, M
Morrison, CL
Lopez Correa, M
Rogers, AD
Ruckelshausen, M
Roberts, JM
AF Henry, Lea-Anne
Frank, Norbert
Hebbeln, Dierk
Wienberg, Claudia
Robinson, Laura
van de Flierdt, Tina
Dahl, Mikael
Douarin, Melanie
Morrison, Cheryl L.
Lopez Correa, Matthias
Rogers, Alex D.
Ruckelshausen, Mario
Roberts, J. Murray
TI Global ocean conveyor lowers extinction risk in the deep sea
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic meridional overturning circulation; Deep sea; Climate change;
Extinction; Larval dispersal; Connectivity
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; ANTARCTIC INTERMEDIATE WATER; CORAL
LOPHELIA-PERTUSA; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; GENETIC-STRUCTURE;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; SCLERACTINIAN CORALS; NORTHEAST ATLANTIC; SUBPOLAR GYRE;
SEQUENCES
AB General paradigms of species extinction risk are urgently needed as global habitat loss and rapid climate change threaten Earth with what could be its sixth mass extinction. Using the stony coral Lophelia pertusa as a model organism with the potential for wide larval dispersal, we investigated how the global ocean conveyor drove an unprecedented post-glacial range expansion in Earth's largest biome, the deep sea. We compiled a unique ocean-scale dataset of published radiocarbon and uranium-series dates of fossil corals, the sedimentary protactinium-thorium record of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) strength, authigenic neodymium and lead isotopic ratios of circulation pathways, and coral biogeography, and integrated new Bayesian estimates of historic gene flow. Our compilation shows how the export of Southern Ocean and Mediterranean waters after the Younger Dryas 11.6 kyr ago simultaneously triggered two dispersal events in the western and eastern Atlantic respectively. Each pathway injected larvae from refugia into ocean currents powered by a re-invigorated AMOC that led to the fastest postglacial range expansion ever recorded, covering 7500 km in under 400 years. In addition to its role in modulating global climate, our study illuminates how the ocean conveyor creates broad geographic ranges that lower extinction risk in the deep sea. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Henry, Lea-Anne; Roberts, J. Murray] Heriot Watt Univ, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Biotechnol, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Frank, Norbert; Ruckelshausen, Mario] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Umweltphys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Hebbeln, Dierk; Wienberg, Claudia] Univ Bremen, MARUM Ctr Marine Environm Sci, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Robinson, Laura] Univ Bristol, Dept Earth Sci, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England.
[van de Flierdt, Tina] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Dahl, Mikael] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, SE-45296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Douarin, Melanie] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Morrison, Cheryl L.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Lopez Correa, Matthias] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
[Rogers, Alex D.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England.
[Roberts, J. Murray] Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland.
[Roberts, J. Murray] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
RP Roberts, JM (reprint author), Heriot Watt Univ, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Biotechnol, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM j.m.roberts@hw.ac.uk
RI Wienberg, Claudia/F-3160-2012; Lopez Correa, Matthias/A-2477-2011;
Frank, Norbert/D-6486-2016; Hebbeln, Dierk/P-9766-2016;
OI Wienberg, Claudia/0000-0001-9870-5495; Lopez Correa,
Matthias/0000-0002-6996-1876; Frank, Norbert/0000-0002-0416-9546;
Hebbeln, Dierk/0000-0001-5099-6115; Robinson, Laura/0000-0001-6811-0140;
Roberts, Murray/0000-0003-1688-5133
FU European Commission FP6 project TRACES [MOIF-CT-2006-040018]; British
Consulate-General Boston; Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans;
NOAA Undersea Research Center; University of North Carolina Wilmington
Center for Marine Science; U.S. Geological Survey; Environmental
Defence, Oceana; South Atlantic Fishery Management Council; U.K. Natural
Environment Research Council; Scottish Association for Marine Science;
Marine Conservation Institute; European Commission FP7 projects HERMIONE
[226354]; EPOCA [211384]; UK Ocean Acidification programme (NERC)
[NE/H017305/1]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG-project WACOM [HE
3412/17]
FX This analysis began during the Trans-Atlantic Coral Ecosystem Study
(http://www.lophelia.org/traces) sponsored by the European Commission
FP6 project TRACES (MOIF-CT-2006-040018 to JMR) with additional funding
from the British Consulate-General Boston, Canadian Department of
Fisheries and Oceans, the NOAA Undersea Research Center, the University
of North Carolina Wilmington Center for Marine Science, the U.S.
Geological Survey, Environmental Defence, Oceana, the South Atlantic
Fishery Management Council, the U.K. Natural Environment Research
Council, the Scottish Association for Marine Science and the Marine
Conservation Institute. This paper is a contribution towards the
European Commission FP7 projects HERMIONE (Grant 226354) and EPOCA
(Grant 211384), the UK Ocean Acidification programme (NERC Grant
NE/H017305/1), and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG-project WACOM
(Grant HE 3412/17). Petrobras provided access to coral-bearing sediment
cores from the Brazilian margin. We thank Andy Gooday, Michael Bacon,
Nancy Prouty and David Hopkins and three anonymous reviewers for
comments on the manuscript. Additional data are available as
Supplementary materials.
NR 58
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 52
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
EI 1879-0119
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 88
BP 8
EP 16
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2014.03.004
PG 9
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AJ4PR
UT WOS:000337658800002
ER
PT J
AU Masterson, JP
Fienen, MN
Thieler, ER
Gesch, DB
Gutierrez, BT
Plant, NG
AF Masterson, John P.
Fienen, Michael N.
Thieler, E. Robert
Gesch, Dean B.
Gutierrez, Benjamin T.
Plant, Nathaniel G.
TI Effects of sea-level rise on barrier island groundwater system dynamics
- ecohydrological implications
SO ECOHYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE groundwater; barrier islands; sea-level rise; vadose zone; salinity;
ecohydrology; vegetation distribution
ID COASTAL AQUIFERS; WATER-INTRUSION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VEGETATION; IMPACT;
SALINITY; FLORIDA; FOREST
AB We used a numerical model to investigate how a barrier island groundwater system responds to increases of up to 60 cm in sea level. We found that a sea-level rise of 20 cm leads to substantial changes in the depth of the water table and the extent and depth of saltwater intrusion, which are key determinants in the establishment, distribution and succession of vegetation assemblages and habitat suitability in barrier islands ecosystems. In our simulations, increases in water-table height in areas with a shallow depth to water (or thin vadose zone) resulted in extensive groundwater inundation of land surface and a thinning of the underlying freshwater lens. We demonstrated the interdependence of the groundwater response to island morphology by evaluating changes at three sites. This interdependence can have a profound effect on ecosystem composition in these fragile coastal landscapes under long-term changing climatic conditions. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Masterson, John P.] US Geol Survey, Northborough, MA USA.
[Fienen, Michael N.] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI USA.
[Thieler, E. Robert; Gutierrez, Benjamin T.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Gesch, Dean B.] US Geol Survey, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Plant, Nathaniel G.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL USA.
RP Masterson, JP (reprint author), New England Water Sci Ctr, 10 Bearfoot Rd, Northborough, MA 01532 USA.
EM jpmaster@usgs.gov
RI Fienen, Michael/D-2479-2009;
OI Fienen, Michael/0000-0002-7756-4651; Plant,
Nathaniel/0000-0002-5703-5672; Gesch, Dean/0000-0002-8992-4933;
Gutierrez, Benjamin/0000-0002-1879-7893; thieler, e/0000-0003-4311-9717
FU USGS Climate and Land Use Mission Area, Research and Development
Program; USGS Natural Hazards Mission Area, Coastal and Marine Geology
Program
FX This work was supported by the USGS Climate and Land Use Mission Area,
Research and Development Program and the USGS Natural Hazards Mission
Area, Coastal and Marine Geology Program. The authors are grateful to
the National Park Service and US Fish and Wildlife Service for
collaboration, data and access to Assateague Island.
NR 33
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 5
U2 44
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1936-0584
EI 1936-0592
J9 ECOHYDROLOGY
JI Ecohydrology
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 3
BP 1064
EP 1071
DI 10.1002/eco.1442
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AJ2TG
UT WOS:000337515300013
ER
PT J
AU Bond, MH
Crane, PA
Larson, WA
Quinn, TP
AF Bond, Morgan H.
Crane, Penelope A.
Larson, Wesley A.
Quinn, Tom P.
TI Is isolation by adaptation driving genetic divergence among proximate
Dolly Varden char populations?
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Adaptation; landscape genetics; life history; salmon
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-CONFLUENTUS; CHINOOK SALMON POPULATIONS; 7
MICROSATELLITE LOCI; SIZED ARCTIC CHARR; SOCKEYE-SALMON; PACIFIC SALMON;
FRESH-WATER; BULL TROUT; ATLANTIC SALMON; CHUM SALMON
AB Numerous studies of population genetics in salmonids and other anadromous fishes have revealed that population structure is generally organized into geographic hierarchies (isolation by distance), but significant structure can exist in proximate populations due to varying selective pressures (isolation by adaptation). In Chignik Lakes, Alaska, anadromous Dolly Varden char (Salvelinus malma) spawn in nearly all accessible streams throughout the watershed, including those draining directly to an estuary, Chignik Lagoon, into larger rivers, and into lakes. Collections of Dolly Varden fry from 13 streams throughout the system revealed low levels of population structure among streams emptying into freshwater. However, much stronger genetic differentiation was detected between streams emptying into freshwater and streams flowing directly into estuarine environments. This fine-scale reproductive isolation without any physical barriers to migration is likely driven by differences in selection pressures across freshwater and estuarine environments. Estuary tributaries had fewer larger, older juveniles, suggesting an alternative life history of smolting and migration to the marine environment at a much smaller size than occurs in the other populations. Therefore, genetic data were consistent with a scenario where isolation by adaptation occurs between populations of Dolly Varden in the study system, and ecological data suggest that this isolation may partially be a result of a novel Dolly Varden life history of seawater tolerance at a smaller size than previously recognized.
C1 [Bond, Morgan H.; Larson, Wesley A.; Quinn, Tom P.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Crane, Penelope A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Bond, MH (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM mobond@uw.edu
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Science Foundation's
Biocomplexity Program; H. Mason Keeler Endowment to the University of
Washington; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
[DGE-0718124]
FX Financial support for this study was provided by the Gordon and Betty
Moore Foundation, the National Science Foundation's Biocomplexity
Program, and the H. Mason Keeler Endowment to the University of
Washington. W. Larson was supported by a National Science Foundation
Graduate Research Fellowship (Grant # DGE-0718124).
NR 107
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 34
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 12
BP 2515
EP 2532
DI 10.1002/ece3.1113
PG 18
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AJ5PX
UT WOS:000337738800015
PM 25360283
ER
PT J
AU Saab, VA
Latif, QS
Rowland, MM
Johnson, TN
Chalfoun, AD
Buskirk, SW
Heyward, JE
Dresser, MA
AF Saab, Victoria A.
Latif, Quresh S.
Rowland, Mary M.
Johnson, Tracey N.
Chalfoun, Anna D.
Buskirk, Steven W.
Heyward, Joslin E.
Dresser, Matthew A.
TI Ecological Consequences of Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreaks for Wildlife
in Western North American Forests
SO FOREST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE bark beetles; Dendroctonus; disturbance; salvage logging; wildlife
ID CAVITY-NESTING BIRDS; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE HOPKINS; BLACK-BACKED
WOODPECKERS; RED-BREASTED NUTHATCHES; COLORADO FRONT RANGE;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; DETECTION
PROBABILITIES; HABITAT SUITABILITY
AB Mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) (MPB) outbreaks are increasingly prevalent in western North America, causing considerable ecological change in pine (Pinus spp.) forests with important implications for wildlife. We reviewed studies examining wildlife responses to MPB outbreaks and postoutbreak salvage logging to inform forest management and guide future research. Our review included 16 studies describing MPB outbreak relationships with 89 bird species and 6 studies describing relationships with 11 mammalian species, but no studies of reptiles or amphibians. We included studies that compared wildlife response metrics temporally (before versus after the outbreak) and spatially (across sites that varied in severity of outbreak) in relation to beetle outbreaks. Outbreaks ranged in size from 20,600 to >= 10(7) ha and studies occurred 1-30 years after the peak MPB outbreak, but most studies were conducted over the short-term (i.e., <= 6 years after the peak of MPB-induced tree mortality). Birds were the only taxa studied frequently; however, high variability existed among those studies to allow many inferences, although some patterns were evident. Avian studies concluded that cavity-nesting species responded more favorably to beetle-killed forests than species with open-cup nests, and species nesting in the shrub layer favored outbreak forests compared with ground and open-cup canopy nesters that generally showed mixed relationships. Bark-drilling species as a group clearly demonstrated a positive short-term association with MPB epidemics compared with that of other foraging assemblages. Cavity-nesting birds that do not consume bark beetles (i.e., secondary cavity-nesting species and nonbark-drilling woodpeckers) also exhibited some positive responses to MPB outbreaks, although not as pronounced or consistent as those of bark-drilling woodpeckers. Mammalian responses to MPB outbreaks were mixed. Studies consistently reported negative effects of MPB outbreaks on red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). However, there is evidence that red squirrels can persist after an outbreak under some conditions, e.g., when nonhost tree species are present. For small mammal species associated with forest understories, responses may be most pronounced during the postepidemic period (>6 years after the peak of beetle-induced tree mortality) when snags fall to produce coarse woody debris. Postoutbreak salvage logging studies (n = 6) reported results that lacked consensus. Postoutbreak salvage logging may have an impact on fewer wildlife species than postfire salvage logging, probably because only host-specific tree species are removed after beetle outbreaks.
C1 [Saab, Victoria A.; Latif, Quresh S.] USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Rowland, Mary M.] USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Bozeman, MT USA.
[Johnson, Tracey N.; Buskirk, Steven W.; Heyward, Joslin E.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Chalfoun, Anna D.] USGS Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY USA.
[Dresser, Matthew A.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT USA.
RP Saab, VA (reprint author), USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Montana State Univ Campus, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM vsaab@fs.fed.us; qlatif@fs.fed.us; mrowland@fs.fed.us;
tjohns67@uwyo.edu; achalfou@uwyo.edu; marten@uwyo.edu;
jheyward@uwyo.edu; mattdresser@gmail.com
NR 115
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 13
U2 101
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0015-749X
EI 1938-3738
J9 FOREST SCI
JI For. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 60
IS 3
BP 539
EP 559
DI 10.5849/forsci.13-022
PG 21
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA AJ4RA
UT WOS:000337662300011
ER
PT J
AU Bril, JS
Durst, JJ
Hurley, BM
Just, CL
Newton, TJ
AF Bril, Jeremy S.
Durst, Jonathan J.
Hurley, Brion M.
Just, Craig L.
Newton, Teresa J.
TI Sensor data as a measure of native freshwater mussel impact on nitrate
formation and food digestion in continuous-flow mesocosms
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE native freshwater mussels; electronic sensor data; water chemistry;
nitrate; inferred digestion time
ID MYTILUS-EDULIS; UNIONID MUSSELS; IN-SITU; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA;
ANODONTA-ANATINA; VALVE MOVEMENT; TRACE-ELEMENTS; NITROGEN-CYCLE; LARGE
RIVER; BIVALVIA
AB Native freshwater mussels can influence the aquatic N cycle, but the mechanisms and magnitude of this effect are not fully understood. We assessed the effects of Amblema plicata and Lampsilis cardium on N transformations over 72 d in 4 continuous-flow mesocosms, with 2 replicates of 2 treatments (mesocosms with and without mussels), equipped with electronic water-chemistry sensors. We compared sensor data to discrete sample data to assess the effect of additional sensor measurements on the ability to detect mussel-related effects on NO3- formation. Analysis of 624 sensor-based data points detected a nearly 6% increase in NO3- concentration in overlying water of mesocosms with mussels relative to mesocosms without mussels (p < 0.05), whereas analysis of 36 discrete samples showed no statistical difference in NO3- between treatments. Mussels also significantly increased NO2- concentrations in the overlying water, but no significant difference in total N was observed. We used the sensor data for phytoplankton-N and NH4+ to infer that digestion times in mussels were 13 +/- 6 h. The results suggest that rapid increases in phytoplankton-N levels in the overlying water can lead to decreased lag times between phytoplankton-N and NH4+ maxima. This result indicates that mussels may adjust their digestion rates in response to increased levels of food. The adjustment in digestion time suggests that mussels have a strong response to food availability that can disrupt typical circadian rhythms. Use of sensor data to measure directly and to infer mussel effects on aquatic N transformations at the mesocosm scale could be useful at larger scales in the future.
C1 [Bril, Jeremy S.; Durst, Jonathan J.; Hurley, Brion M.; Just, Craig L.] Univ Iowa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seamans Ctr 4105, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Newton, Teresa J.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
RP Just, CL (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seamans Ctr 4105, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM jeremy-bril@uiowa.edu; jonathan-durst@uiowa.edu; brion-hurley@uiowa.edu;
craig-just@uiowa.edu; tnewton@usgs.gov
RI Just, Craig/J-4207-2012
FU Roy J. Carver Charitable Trust as part of the Mussel Communities: A
Biosensory Network for Understanding the Nitrogen Cycle project
FX This research was funded by the Roy J. Carver Charitable Trust as part
of the Mussel Communities: A Biosensory Network for Understanding the
Nitrogen Cycle project. We thank Brandon Barquist and Scott Slee for
their assistance in the design and construction of the mussel mesocosms.
We thank Katheryn Malatek, James Shannon, Todd Hubbard, and Kyle Skoff
for their assistance in analyzing water samples. We thank Nick Thornburg
and Jessica Bristow for assistance with technical graphics. We also
thank the Iowa Department of Natural Resources and the State Hygienic
Laboratory at the University of Iowa for access to water-quality data.
Two anonymous referees provided constructive comments to help improve
our manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 18
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 2161-9549
EI 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 2
BP 417
EP 424
DI 10.1086/675448
PG 8
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AJ2VF
UT WOS:000337521400004
ER
PT J
AU Alvarez, O
Guo, QH
Klinger, RC
Li, WK
Doherty, P
AF Alvarez, Otto
Guo, Qinghua
Klinger, Robert C.
Li, Wenkai
Doherty, Paul
TI Comparison of elevation and remote sensing derived products as auxiliary
data for climate surface interpolation
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate surfaces; spatial interpolation; temperature; precipitation;
Thin Plate Spline
ID PLATE SMOOTHING SPLINES; GLOBAL LAND AREAS; SPATIAL INTERPOLATION; DATA
SETS; RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; COMPLEX TERRAIN; UNITED-STATES; VARIABILITY;
VEGETATION; VARIABLES
AB Climate models may be limited in their inferential use if they cannot be locally validated or do not account for spatial uncertainty. Much of the focus has gone into determining which interpolation method is best suited for creating gridded climate surfaces, which often a covariate such as elevation (Digital Elevation Model, DEM) is used to improve the interpolation accuracy. One key area where little research has addressed is in determining which covariate best improves the accuracy in the interpolation. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation was carried out in determining which covariates were most suitable for interpolating climatic variables (e.g. precipitation, mean temperature, minimum temperature, and maximum temperature). We compiled data for each climate variable from 1950 to 1999 from approximately 500 weather stations across the Western United States (32 degrees to 49 degrees latitude and -124.7 degrees to -112.9 degrees longitude). In addition, we examined the uncertainty of the interpolated climate surface. Specifically, Thin Plate Spline (TPS) was used as the interpolation method since it is one of the most popular interpolation techniques to generate climate surfaces. We considered several covariates, including DEM, slope, distance to coast (Euclidean distance), aspect, solar potential, radar, and two Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) products derived from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). A tenfold cross-validation was applied to determine the uncertainty of the interpolation based on each covariate. In general, the leading covariate for precipitation was radar, while DEM was the leading covariate for maximum, mean, and minimum temperatures. A comparison to other products such as PRISM and WorldClim showed strong agreement across large geographic areas but climate surfaces generated in this study (ClimSurf) had greater variability at high elevation regions, such as in the Sierra Nevada Mountains.
C1 [Alvarez, Otto; Guo, Qinghua; Li, Wenkai; Doherty, Paul] Univ Calif Merced, Sierra Nevada Res Inst, Sch Engn, Merced, CA 95343 USA.
[Guo, Qinghua] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Klinger, Robert C.] USGS, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, Bishop, CA USA.
RP Guo, QH (reprint author), Univ Calif Merced, Sierra Nevada Res Inst, Sch Engn, Merced, CA 95343 USA.
EM qguo@ucmerced.edu
FU "973" Program [2013 CB956604]; National Science Foundation of China
[31270563]; USGS National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center
FX This study is supported by "973" Program (2013 CB956604), the National
Science Foundation of China (31270563), and USGS National Climate Change
and Wildlife Science Center. We thank the reviewer comments that
strengthened this manuscript.
NR 49
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 7
BP 2258
EP 2268
DI 10.1002/joc.3835
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AJ3HX
UT WOS:000337558200011
ER
PT J
AU Hines, JE
Nichols, JD
Collazo, JA
AF Hines, James E.
Nichols, James D.
Collazo, Jaime A.
TI Multiseason occupancy models for correlated replicate surveys
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Breeding Bird Surveys; brown-headed nuthatch; correlated replicate
surveys; imperfect detection; multiseason models; occupancy
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; BREEDING BIRD SURVEY; LOCAL EXTINCTION;
TURNOVER RATES; ABUNDANCE; DYNAMICS; HABITAT; RANGES
AB Occupancy surveys collecting data from adjacent (sometimes correlated) spatial replicates have become relatively popular for logistical reasons. Hines etal. () presented one approach to modelling such data for single-season occupancy surveys. Here, we present a multiseason analogue of this model (with corresponding software) for inferences about occupancy dynamics. We include a new parameter to deal with the uncertainty associated with the first spatial replicate for both single-season and multiseason models. We use a case study, based on the brown-headed nuthatch, to assess the need for these models when analysing data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS), and we test various hypotheses about occupancy dynamics for this species in the south-eastern United States. The new model permits inference about local probabilities of extinction, colonization and occupancy for sampling conducted over multiple seasons. The model performs adequately, based on a small simulation study and on results of the case study analysis. The new model incorporating correlated replicates was strongly favoured by model selection for the BBS data for brown-headed nuthatch (Sitta pusilla). Latitude was found to be an important source of variation in local colonization and occupancy probabilities for brown-headed nuthatch, with both probabilities being higher near the centre of the species range, as opposed to more northern and southern areas. We recommend this new occupancy model for detection-nondetection studies that use potentially correlated replicates.
C1 [Hines, James E.; Nichols, James D.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Collazo, Jaime A.] N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Collazo, Jaime A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Hines, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM jhines@usgs.gov
FU USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center; North Carolina Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit and the Department of Applied Ecology at
North Carolina State University
FX We thank the USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, North Carolina
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and the Department of
Applied Ecology at North Carolina State University for their support
(Research Work Order 194). We also thank Steve Williams for his
assistance in obtaining Breeding Bird Survey data and map of the South
Atlantic Coastal Plain. We thank Krishna Pacifici, John Sauer and Sophie
Veran for useful discussions. We also thank the associate editor and two
anonymous reviewers for helpful comments and suggestions. Any use of
trade, product or firms names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US government.
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 10
U2 46
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2041-210X
EI 2041-2096
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 6
BP 583
EP 591
DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12186
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AJ5UK
UT WOS:000337754500010
ER
PT J
AU Pervez, MS
Budde, M
Rowland, J
AF Pervez, Md Shahriar
Budde, Michael
Rowland, James
TI Mapping irrigated areas in Afghanistan over the past decade using MODIS
NDVI
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Irrigated areas; Afghanistan; Food security; MODIS NDVI; Landsat
ID CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; TIME-SERIES; HYPERSPECTRAL DATA; VEGETATION INDEX;
WATER-RESOURCES; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; CLASSIFICATION; RESOLUTION;
THRESHOLD
AB Agricultural production capacity contributes to food security in Afghanistan and is largely dependent on irrigated farming, mostly utilizing surface water fed by snowmelt. Because of the high contribution of irrigated crops (>80%) to total agricultural production, knowing the spatial distribution and year-to-year variability in irrigated areas is imperative to monitoring food security for the country. We used 16-day composites of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor to create 23-point time series for each year from 2000 through 2013. Seasonal peak values and time series were used in a threshold-dependent decision tree algorithm to map irrigated areas in Afghanistan for the last 14 years. In the absence of ground reference irrigated area information, we evaluated these maps with the irrigated areas classified from multiple snapshots of the landscape during the growing season from Landsat 5 optical and thermal sensor images. We were able to identify irrigated areas using Landsat imagery by selecting as irrigated those areas with Landsat-derived NDVI greater than 0.30-0.45, depending on the date of the Landsat image and surface temperature less than or equal to 310 Kelvin (36.9 degrees C). Due to the availability of Landsat images, we were able to compare with the MODIS-derived maps for four years: 2000, 2009, 2010, and 2011. The irrigated areas derived from Landsat agreed well r(2) = 0.91 with the irrigated areas derived from MODIS, providing confidence in the MODIS NDVI threshold approach. The maps portrayed a highly dynamic irrigated agriculture practice in Afghanistan, where the amount of irrigated area was largely determined by the availability of surface water, especially snowmelt, and varied by as much as 30% between water surplus and water deficit years. During the past 14 years, 2001, 2004, and 2008 showed the lowest levels of irrigated area (similar to 15 million hectares), attesting to the severe drought conditions in those years, whereas 2009, 2012 and 2013 registered the largest irrigated area (similar to 2.5 million hectares) due to record snowpack and snowmelt in the region. The model holds promise the ability to provide near-real-time (by the end of the growing seasons) estimates of irrigated area, which are beneficial for food security monitoring as well as subsequent decision making for the country. While the model is developed for Afghanistan, it can be adopted with appropriate adjustments in the derived threshold values to map irrigated areas elsewhere. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pervez, Md Shahriar] US Geol Survey, ASRC Fed InuTeq, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Budde, Michael; Rowland, James] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Pervez, MS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, ASRC Fed InuTeq, EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM spervez@usgs.gov; mbudde@usgs.gov; rowland@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Agency for International Development Famine Early Warning Systems
Network; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Agency for International
Development Famine Early Warning Systems Network agreement with the U.S.
Geological Survey. We thank these agencies for their support. We
sincerely thank Jesslyn F. Brown for her thoughtful technical comments
and edits. We greatly appreciate the comments and suggestions made by
anonymous reviewers which considerably improved the manuscript. Any use
of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 57
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 149
BP 155
EP 165
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.04.008
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AJ4MU
UT WOS:000337651300012
ER
PT J
AU Byrd, KB
O'Connell, JL
Di Tommaso, S
Kelly, M
AF Byrd, Kristin B.
O'Connell, Jessica L.
Di Tommaso, Stefania
Kelly, Maggi
TI Evaluation of sensor types and environmental controls on mapping biomass
of coastal marsh emergent vegetation
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Emergent vegetation; Hyperspectral sensor; Field spectroscopy;
Multispectral sensor; Water inundation; Blue Carbon; Wetland management;
Error reporting
ID LEAST-SQUARES REGRESSION; SALT-MARSH; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; PRIMARY
PRODUCTIVITY; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT; WETLAND VEGETATION; NARROW-BAND;
FRESH-WATER; REFLECTANCE; INDEXES
AB There is a need to quantify large-scale plant productivity in coastal marshes to understand marsh resilience to sea level rise, to help define eligibility for carbon offset credits, and to monitor impacts from land use, eutrophication and contamination. Remote monitoring of aboveground biomass of emergent wetland vegetation will help address this need. Differences in sensor spatial resolution, bandwidth, temporal frequency and cost constrain the accuracy of biomass maps produced for management applications. In addition the use of vegetation indices to map biomass may not be effective in wetlands due to confounding effects of water inundation on spectral reflectance. To address these challenges, we used partial least squares regression to select optimal spectral features in situ and with satellite reflectance data to develop predictive models of aboveground biomass for common emergent freshwater marsh species, Typha spp. and Schoenoplectus acutus, at two restored marshes in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, California, USA. We used field spectrometer data to test model errors associated with hyperspectral narrowbands and multispectral broadbands, the influence of water inundation on prediction accuracy, and the ability to develop species specific models. We used Hyperion data, Digital Globe World View-2 (WV-2) data, and Landsat 7 data to scale up the best statistical models of biomass. Field spectrometer-based models of the full dataset showed that narrowband reflectance data predicted biomass somewhat, though not significantly better than broadband reflectance data [R-2 = 0.46 and percent normalized RMSE (%RMSE) = 16% for narrowband models]. However hyperspectral first derivative reflectance spectra best predicted biomass for plots where water levels were less than 15 cm (R-2 = 0.69, %RMSE = 12.6%). In species-specific models, error rates differed by species (Typha spp.: %RMSE = 18.5%; S. acutus: %RMSE = 24.9%), likely due to the more vertical structure and deeper water habitat of S. acutus. The Landsat 7 dataset (7 images) predicted biomass slightly better than the WV-2 dataset (6 images) (R-2 = 0.56, %RMSE = 20.9%, compared to R-2 = 0.45, RMSE = 21.5%). The Hyperion dataset (one image) was least successful in predicting biomass (R-2 = 027, %RMSE = 33.5%). Shortwave infrared bands on 30 m-resolution Hyperion and Landsat 7 sensors aided biomass estimation; however managers need to weigh tradeoffs between cost, additional spectral information, and high spatial resolution that will identify variability in small, fragmented marshes common to the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta and elsewhere in the Western U.S. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Byrd, Kristin B.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[O'Connell, Jessica L.; Di Tommaso, Stefania; Kelly, Maggi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Byrd, KB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS-531, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM kbyrd@usgs.gov; jessica.oconnell@olcstate.edu; stefaniaditom@gmail.com;
maggi@berkeley.edu
OI Kelly, Nina Maggi/0000-0002-0198-2822
FU K. Byrd's NASA New Investigator Program in Earth Sciences [NNH10A086I];
USGS Land Change Science Program
FX This research was supported by K. Byrd's NASA New Investigator Program
in Earth Sciences Grant Number: NNH10A086I and the USGS Land Change
Science Program. We thank Susan Stitt and Carol Mladinich, USGS
Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, for loan of the ASD
field spectrometer. We thank Samuel Blanchard, Sophie Kolding, Feng
Zhao, Lisa Schile, Scott Lydon, Adam McClure, and Lisamarie
Windham-Myers for field and logistical help. We thank Prasad Thenkabail
for assistance with project planning. We thank Robin Miller for the
development of the biomass allometric equations used in this study.
Finally we thank hyna Dronova and three anonymous reviewers for review
of this manuscript.
NR 88
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 9
U2 54
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 149
BP 166
EP 180
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.04.003
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AJ4MU
UT WOS:000337651300013
ER
PT J
AU Bellmore, JR
Baxter, CV
AF Bellmore, J. R.
Baxter, C. V.
TI EFFECTS OF GEOMORPHIC PROCESS DOMAINS ON RIVER ECOSYSTEMS: A COMPARISON
OF FLOODPLAIN AND CONFINED VALLEY SEGMENTS
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE process domains; floodplains; primary and secondary production; stream
retention; aquatic invertebrates
ID MOUNTAIN DRAINAGE BASINS; ORGANIC-MATTER; HYPORHEIC ZONE; SECONDARY
PRODUCTION; STREAM METABOLISM; PATCH DYNAMICS; FOOD-WEB; CONNECTIVITY;
ECOLOGY; HABITAT
AB The geomorphic template of streams and rivers exerts strong controls on the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems. However, relationships between stream geomorphology and ecosystem structure and function are not always clear and have not been investigated equally across spatial scales. In montane regions, rivers often alternate between canyon-confined segments and unconfined floodplain segments. Yet, few studies have evaluated how this pattern influences aquatic ecosystems. Here, we compared five confined river segments to five paired floodplain segments in terms of allochthonous inputs, aquatic primary producer and invertebrate production, stream retentive capacity, and aquatic invertebrate community composition. We found that floodplains had a higher (up to 4x) retentive capacity, a greater richness (58%) of aquatic invertebrates, and a distinctly different invertebrate community, relative to confined segments. Contrary to our expectations, allochthonous inputs were approximately 2x greater for confined segments, and aquatic primary and invertebrate production exhibited no consistent differences between segment types. However, results did indicate that floodplains had greater overall community respiration than confined segments. Together, these findings suggest that floodplain and confined segments do indeed differ in terms of aquatic ecosystem structure and function but not entirely as expected. Confined segments had greater allochthonous inputs but a lower capacity to retain those inputs, whereas floodplains had a high capacity to retain transported organic matter and also a more diverse community of invertebrates and higher overall community respiration to digest' retained organic matter. If these findings are generalizable, then they would indicate that confined segments are sources for organic matter within river networks, whereas floodplains act as filters, removing and processing organic matter transported from upstream confined segments. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Bellmore, J. R.; Baxter, C. V.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Bellmore, J. R.] US Geol Survey, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Bellmore, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jbellmore@usgs.gov
FU Shoshone-Bannock Tribes from the Bonneville Power Administration
[200205900]; NSF-EPSCoR [EPS-04-47689, 08-14387]
FX We thank Dave Montgomery, Joe Wheaton, and Ben Crosby for their
insightful reviews, which greatly improved the quality of the
manuscript. Field and lab assistance was provided by Andy Ray, Melissa
Lamb, Jesse Haddix, Kira Pontius, Heather Bechtold, Joseph Benjamin, Amy
Marcarelli, Madeleine Mineau, and Heather Ray. We also thank the members
of Idaho State University Stream Ecology Center for their insightful
discussions. Funding for this project was provided by the
Shoshone-Bannock Tribes via a grant from the Bonneville Power
Administration (grant # 200205900), with additional support provided by
NSF-EPSCoR (EPS-04-47689, 08-14387).
NR 68
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 5
U2 39
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 5
BP 617
EP 630
DI 10.1002/rra.2672
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AJ3JS
UT WOS:000337563000008
ER
PT J
AU Lewan, MD
Dolan, MP
Curtis, JB
AF Lewan, Michael D.
Dolan, Michael P.
Curtis, John B.
TI Effects of smectite on the oil-expulsion efficiency of the Kreyenhagen
Shale, San Joaquin Basin, California, based on hydrous-pyrolysis
experiments
SO AAPG BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID PETROLEUM GENERATION; THERMAL MATURITY; SOURCE-ROCK; ILLITE CONVERSION;
SYSTEM PYROLYSIS; MATERIAL-BALANCE; ORGANIC-MATTER; ILLINOIS BASIN;
PARIS BASIN; MATURATION
AB The amount of oil that maturing source rocks expel is expressed as their expulsion efficiency, which is usually stated in milligrams of expelled oil per gram of original total organic carbon (TOC0). Oil-expulsion efficiency can be determined by heating thermally immature source rocks in the presence of liquid water (i.e., hydrous pyrolysis) at temperatures between 350 degrees C and 365 degrees C for 72 hr. This pyrolysis method generates oil that is compositionally similar to natural crude oil and expels it by processes operative in the subsurface. Consequently, hydrous pyrolysis provides a means to determine oil-expulsion efficiencies and the rock properties that influence them. Smectite in source rocks has previously been considered to promote oil generation and expulsion and is the focus of this hydrous-pyrolysis study involving a representative sample of smectite-rich source rock from the Eocene Kreyenhagen Shale in the San Joaquin Basin of California. Smectite is the major clay mineral (31 wt. %) in this thermally immature sample, which contains 9.4 wt. % total organic carbon (TOC) comprised of type Ilkerogen. Compared to other immature source rocks that lack smectite as their major clay mineral, the expulsion efficiency of the Kreyenhagen Shale was significantly lower. The expulsion efficiency of the Kreyenhagen whole rock was reduced 88% compared to that of its isolated kerogen. This significant reduction is attributed to bitumen impregnating the smectite interlayers in addition to the rock matrix. Within the interlayers, much of the bitumen is converted to pyrobitumen through crosslinking instead of oil through thermal cracking. As a result, smectite does not promote oil generation but inhibits it. Bitumen impregnation of the rock matrix and smectite interlayers results in the rock pore system changing from water wet to bitumen wet. This change prevents potassium ion (K+) transfer and dissolution and precipitation reactions needed for the conversion of smectite to iffite. As a result, illitization only reaches 35% to 40% at 310 degrees C for 72 hr and remains unchanged to 365 C for 72 hr. Bitumen generation before or during early illitization in these experiments emphasizes the importance of knowing when and to what degree illitization occurs in natural maturation of a smectite-rich source rock to determine its expulsion efficiency. Complete illitization prior to bitumen generation is common for Paleozoic source rocks (e.g., Woodford Shale and Retort Phosphatic Shale Member of the Phosphoria Formation), and expulsion efficiencies can be determined on immature samples by hydrous pyrolysis. Conversely, smectite is more common in Cenozoic source rocks like the Kreyenhagen Shale, and expulsion efficiencies determined by hydrous pyrolysis need to be made on samples that reflect the level of illitization at or near bitumen generation in the subsurface.
C1 [Lewan, Michael D.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Dolan, Michael P.] Dolan Integrat Grp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Curtis, John B.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Lewan, MD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 977, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM mlewan@usgs.gov; mdolan@digforenergy.com; jbcurtis@mines.edu
NR 77
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 23
PU AMER ASSOC PETROLEUM GEOLOGIST
PI TULSA
PA 1444 S BOULDER AVE, PO BOX 979, TULSA, OK 74119-3604 USA
SN 0149-1423
EI 1558-9153
J9 AAPG BULL
JI AAPG Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 98
IS 6
BP 1091
EP 1109
DI 10.1306/10091313059
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AI8UZ
UT WOS:000337203800002
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Y
Peters, KE
Moldowan, JM
Bird, KJ
Magoon, LB
AF Wang, Ye
Peters, Kenneth E.
Moldowan, J. Michael
Bird, Kenneth J.
Magoon, Leslie B.
TI Cracking, mixing, and geochemical correlation of crude oils, North
Slope, Alaska
SO AAPG BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID PRUDHOE BAY FIELD; ARCTIC ALASKA; DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT; SEQUENCE
STRATIGRAPHY; BROOKS RANGE; PETROLEUM; RESERVOIR; ORIGIN
AB Forty-one crude oil samples from the North Slope of Alaska have variable diamondoid and biomarker concentrations, indicating different extents of oil cracking. Some of the samples are mixtures of high- and low-maturity components containing high concentrations of both diamondoids and biomarkers. Compound-specific isotope analysis of diamondoids (CSIAD) shows that the Shublik Formation accounts for the higher maturity component in several mixed oil samples, whereas biomarkers, especially those providing information on the age of the source rock, show either a Cretaceous Hue-gamma ray zone (GRZ) or Triassic Shublik source for the lower maturity component. Oil samples in this study mainly correlate to six source rocks based on their biomarker characteristics and CSIAD. Chemometrics of selected source-related biomarker and isotope ratios helps to classify the oil samples into different genetic families. The source rocks include carbonate and shale organofacies of the Triassic Shublik Formation, Jurassic Kingak Shale, Lower Cretaceous Pebble shale, Lower Cretaceous Hue-GRZ, and Cenozoic Canning Formation. Oil presumed to originate from a seventh source rock interval, the Carboniferous-Permian Lisburne Group, was not clearly differentiated from well-established Shublik oil by any geochemical age-related parameter or CSIAD, which suggests that the Lisburne is not an effective source rock for any of the studied oil samples. Four oil samples collected from wells located north of the Barrow arch show unique biomarker characteristics, but age-related biomarker parameters indicate likely Triassic source rock organofacies that is not represented by any of the samples from south of the arch. The source rock for these four oil samples appears to be a clay-rich equivalent of the calcareous Shublik Formation that occurs to the north of the Barrow arch.
C1 [Wang, Ye; Peters, Kenneth E.; Moldowan, J. Michael] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Peters, Kenneth E.] Schlumberger Informat Solut, Mill Valley, CA 94941 USA.
[Moldowan, J. Michael; Magoon, Leslie B.] Biomarker Technol Inc, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA.
[Bird, Kenneth J.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Shell Technol Ctr, Houston, TX 77082 USA.
EM ye.wang@shell.com; KPeters2@slb.com; jmmoldowan@biomarker-inc.com;
birddog966@comcost.net; lmagoon@stanford.edu
FU Stanford University; Stanford University Molecular Organic Geochemistry
Industrial Affiliates (MOGIA)
FX The authors thank the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for
providing the samples and Geoff Bott (GB-Scientific, California) for the
CSIAD analysis. This study was supported by Stanford University and
Stanford University Molecular Organic Geochemistry Industrial Affiliates
(MOGIA). The authors also thank Jeremy Dahl, Barry Katz, Paul Lillis,
Dallam Masterson, and Clifford C. Walters for reviewing this manuscript
and providing helpful comments. The AAPG Editor thanks Senior Associate
Editor Barry J. Katz and the following reviewers for their work on this
paper: Jeremy Dahl, Paul G. Lillis, W. Dallam Masterson, and Clifford C.
Walters.
NR 87
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER ASSOC PETROLEUM GEOLOGIST
PI TULSA
PA 1444 S BOULDER AVE, PO BOX 979, TULSA, OK 74119-3604 USA
SN 0149-1423
EI 1558-9153
J9 AAPG BULL
JI AAPG Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 98
IS 6
BP 1235
EP 1267
DI 10.1306/01081412197
PG 33
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AI8UZ
UT WOS:000337203800008
ER
PT J
AU Hanna, C
Foote, D
Kremen, C
AF Hanna, Cause
Foote, David
Kremen, Claire
TI Competitive impacts of an invasive nectar thief on plant-pollinator
mutualisms
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Apis mellifera, honey bee; bees; community structure; competition;
Hawaii; Hylaeus spp.; invasive species; Metrosideros polymorpha;
mutualism; pollination; resource partitioning; Vespula pensylvanica
ID INTRODUCED HONEY-BEES; SOCIAL WASP; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; FORAGING
BEHAVIOR; FLOWER VISITORS; BUMBLE BEES; HAWAII; HYMENOPTERA; RESOURCES;
INSECTS
AB Plant-pollinator mutualisms are disrupted by a variety of competitive interactions between introduced and native floral visitors. The invasive western yellowjacket wasp, Vespula pensylvanica, is an aggressive nectar thief of the dominant endemic Hawaiian tree species, Metrosideros polymorpha. We conducted a large-scale, multiyear manipulative experiment to investigate the impacts of V. pensylvanica on the structure and behavior of the M. polymorpha pollinator community, including competitive mechanisms related to resource availability. Our results demonstrate that V. pensylvanica, through both superior exploitative and interference competition, influences resource partitioning and displaces native and nonnative M. polymorpha pollinators. Furthermore, the restructuring of the pollinator community due to V. pensylvanica competition and predation results in a significant decrease in the overall pollinator effectiveness and fruit set of M. polymorpha. This research highlights both the competitive mechanisms and contrasting effects of social insect invaders on plant-pollinator mutualisms and the role of competition in pollinator community structure.
C1 [Hanna, Cause; Kremen, Claire] Univ Calif Berkeley, ESPM, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Foote, David] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96718 USA.
RP Hanna, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, ESPM, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM causehanna@gmail.com
FU National Science Foundation [DGE 1106400]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE 1106400.
Funding was provided by the Invasive Species Program and Natural
Resources Protection Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of
trade, product or firm names in this publication is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 56
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 17
U2 136
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 6
BP 1622
EP 1632
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI9AQ
UT WOS:000337218500020
PM 25039226
ER
PT J
AU Sides, IR
Edmonds, M
Maclennan, J
Swanson, DA
Houghton, BF
AF Sides, I. R.
Edmonds, M.
Maclennan, J.
Swanson, D. A.
Houghton, B. F.
TI Eruption style at K(i)over-barlauea Volcano in Hawai i linked to primary
melt composition
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID KILAUEA VOLCANO; BASALTIC GLASSES; ALKALIC BASALTS; LOIHI SEAMOUNT;
MAJOR-ELEMENT; INCLUSIONS; MANTLE; H2O; VOLATILES; MAGMAS
AB Explosive eruptions at basaltic volcanoes have been linked to gas segregation from magmas at shallow depths in the crust. The composition of primary melts formed at greater depths was thought to have little influence on eruptive style. Ocean island basaltic volcanoes are the product of melting of a geochemically heterogeneous mantle plume and are expected to give rise to heterogeneous primary melts. This range in primary melt composition, particularly with respect to the volatile components, will profoundly influence magma buoyancy, storage and eruption style. Here we analyse the geochemistry of a suite of melt inclusions from 25 historical eruptions at the ocean island volcano of K (i) over bar lauea, Hawaii, over the past 600 years. We find that more explosive styles of eruption at K (i) over bar lauea Volcano are associated statistically with more geochemically enriched primary melts that have higher volatile concentrations. These enriched melts ascend faster and retain their primary nature, undergoing little interaction with the magma reservoir at the volcano's summit. We conclude that the eruption style and magma-supply rate at K (i) over bar lauea are fundamentally linked to the geochemistry of the primary melts formed deep below the volcano. Magmas might therefore be predisposed towards explosivity right at the point of formation in their mantle source region.
C1 [Sides, I. R.; Edmonds, M.; Maclennan, J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England.
[Swanson, D. A.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
[Houghton, B. F.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Sides, IR (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England.
EM me201@cam.ac.uk
FU Natural Envirrinment Research:search Council (NERC); NERC studentship;
NERC urgency grant [NE/G001537/1]; NERC ion probe facility grant
[IMF376/0509]; USGS Jack Kleinman Grant for Volcano Research
FX We thank D. Clague for advice and comments on our man which improved it
immensely. This work was financially supported by the Natural
Envirrinment Research:search Council (NERC), ILK: I.R.S. acknowledges a
NERC studentship. ME acknowledges a NERC urgency grant NE/G001537/1 and
a NERC ion probe facility grant IMF376/0509. LS. acknowledges a USGS
Jack Kleinman Grant for Volcano Research. We thank J. Kauahikaua and the
staff of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory for allowing us access and
providing logistical support for our fieldwork. In Edinburgh, R. Hinton
and C-T. de Hoog assisted with the ion probe measurements. In Cambridge,
I Day C. Petrone, M. Walker and I. Buisman assisted with sample
preparation and analysis.
NR 41
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 27
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 6
BP 464
EP 469
DI 10.1038/NGEO2140
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AI8KY
UT WOS:000337164400020
ER
PT J
AU Buma, B
Hennon, PE
Bidlack, AL
Baichtal, JF
Ager, TA
Streveler, G
AF Buma, B.
Hennon, P. E.
Bidlack, A. L.
Baichtal, J. F.
Ager, T. A.
Streveler, G.
TI Correspondence regarding "The problem of conifer species migration lag
in the Pacific Northwest region since the last glaciation" by Elias, SA,
(2013), Quaternary Science Reviews 77, 55-69
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Letter
ID SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; ALEXANDER ARCHIPELAGO; PRIMARY SUCCESSION;
LODGEPOLE PINE; GLACIER BAY; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; CONSERVATION; DYNAMICS;
HISTORY; CLIMATE
C1 [Buma, B.] Univ Alaska Southeast, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Hennon, P. E.] US Forest Serv, Juneau, AK USA.
[Bidlack, A. L.] Univ Alaska Southeast, Alaska Coastal Rainforest Ctr, Juneau, AK USA.
[Baichtal, J. F.] US Forest Serv, Thorne Bay, AK USA.
[Ager, T. A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Streveler, G.] Icy Strait Environm Serv, Gustavus, AK USA.
RP Buma, B (reprint author), Univ Alaska Southeast, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM brian.buma@uas.alaska.edu
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 93
BP 167
EP 169
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.02.020
PG 3
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AI8YR
UT WOS:000337213400012
ER
PT J
AU Huso, MMP
Dalthorp, D
AF Huso, Manuela M. P.
Dalthorp, Dan
TI A Comment on "Bats Killed in Large Numbers at United States Wind Energy
Facilities"
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE convenience sample; accuracy; fatality estimates
ID WILDLIFE
AB Widespread reports of bat fatalities caused by wind turbines have raised concerns about the impacts of wind power development. Reliable estimates of the total number killed and the potential effects on populations are needed, but it is crucial that they be based on sound data. In a recent BioScience article, Hayes (2013) estimated that over 600,000 bats were killed at wind turbines in the United States in 2012. The scientific errors in the analysis are numerous, with the two most serious being that the included sites constituted a convenience sample, not a representative sample, and that the individual site estimates are derived from such different methodologies that they are inherently not comparable. This estimate is almost certainly inaccurate, but whether the actual number is much smaller, much larger, or about the same is uncertain. An accurate estimate of total bat fatality is not currently possible, given the shortcomings of the available data.
C1 [Huso, Manuela M. P.; Dalthorp, Dan] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
RP Huso, MMP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
EM mhuso@usgs.gov
FU Ecosystems Mission Area Wildlife Program of the US Geological Survey
FX We thank members of the Ecological Statistics group at Oregon State
University and Brock Fenton for insightful comments, although if there
are any errors, they are entirely our own. Suggestions from four
anonymous reviewers served to improve the manuscript. Funding for this
research was provided by the Ecosystems Mission Area Wildlife Program of
the US Geological Survey.
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 33
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3568
EI 1525-3244
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 64
IS 6
BP 546
EP 547
DI 10.1093/biosci/biu056
PG 2
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA AI4YC
UT WOS:000336871500011
ER
PT J
AU Di Rocco, RT
Belanger, CF
Imre, I
Brown, GE
Johnson, NS
AF Di Rocco, Richard T.
Belanger, Cowan F.
Imre, Istvan
Brown, Grant E.
Johnson, Nicholas S.
TI Daytime avoidance of chemosensory alarm cues by adult sea lamprey
(Petromyzon marinus)
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTIONS; GREAT-LAKES; ODOR; PROSPECTUS; MANAGEMENT;
LARVAL; FISHES; RISK
AB Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) avoid damage-released and predator chemosensory cues at night, but their response to these cues during the day is unknown. Here, we explored (i) whether sea lamprey avoid these cues during the day and (ii) the effect of water temperature on the avoidance of chemosensory alarm cues in two diurnal laboratory experiments. We hypothesized that daytime activity would be temperature-dependent and that only sea lamprey vulnerable to predation (i. e., not hiding) would behaviourally respond to chemosensory alarm cues. Ten groups of ten sea lamprey were exposed to one of a variety of potential chemosensory cues. The experiments were conducted over a range of temperatures to quantify the effect of temperature on avoidance behaviour. Consistent with our hypothesis, a higher proportion of animals were active during daytime as water temperature increased. Moving sea lamprey showed an avoidance response to 2-phenylethylamine (a compound found in mammalian urine) and human saliva once water temperatures had risen to mean (+/- SD) = 13.7 (+/- 1.4)degrees C. Resting and hiding sea lamprey did not show an avoidance response to any of the experimental stimuli.
C1 [Di Rocco, Richard T.; Belanger, Cowan F.; Imre, Istvan] Algoma Univ, Dept Biol, Marie, ON P6A 2G4, Canada.
[Brown, Grant E.] Concordia Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H4B 1R6, Canada.
[Johnson, Nicholas S.] USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
RP Imre, I (reprint author), Algoma Univ, Dept Biol, 1520 Queen St East,Sault Ste, Marie, ON P6A 2G4, Canada.
EM istvan.imre@algomau.ca
RI Brown, Grant/B-7182-2013
OI Brown, Grant/0000-0003-3493-3477
FU Northern Ontario Heritage Foundation; Great Lakes Fishery Commission
FX We are grateful to Michael Wagner and Jason Bals for sharing their
equipment and knowledge, as well as suggesting we provide refuges during
these daytime experiments. We also thank Trevor Meckley for invaluable
advice and help. We are grateful to the Hammond Bay Biological Station
for their logistical and housing support, especially to Michael Hansen
and Karen Slaght. Human saliva was graciously provided by personnel at
the Station. This manuscript was improved by constructive comments from
two anonymous reviewers. This study was funded by the Northern Ontario
Heritage Foundation and the Great Lakes Fishery Commission. This article
is Contribution 1826 of the US Geological Survey Great Lakes Science
Center.
NR 33
TC 7
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 27
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 6
BP 824
EP 830
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0381
PG 7
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI7UT
UT WOS:000337106500005
ER
PT J
AU Hoell, A
Funk, C
Barlow, M
AF Hoell, Andrew
Funk, Chris
Barlow, Mathew
TI The regional forcing of Northern hemisphere drought during recent warm
tropical west Pacific Ocean La Nina events
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE El Nino-Southern Oscillation; ENSO diversity; La Nina; Drought; Tropical
warm pool
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CENTRAL-SOUTHWEST ASIA; UNITED-STATES DROUGHT;
EL-NINO; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; GLOBAL
PRECIPITATION; AMERICAN DROUGHT; AFRICAN RAINFALL; WINTER CLIMATE
AB Northern Hemisphere circulations differ considerably between individual El Nio-Southern Oscillation events due to internal atmospheric variability and variation in the zonal location of sea surface temperature forcing over the tropical Pacific Ocean. This study examines the similarities between recent Northern Hemisphere droughts associated with La Nia events and anomalously warm tropical west Pacific sea surface temperatures during 1988-1989, 1998-2000, 2007-2008 and 2010-2011 in terms of the hemispheric-scale circulations and the regional forcing of precipitation over North America and Asia during the cold season of November through April. The continental precipitation reductions associated with recent central Pacific La Nia events were most severe over North America, eastern Africa, the Middle East and southwest Asia. High pressure dominated the entire Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes and weakened and displaced storm tracks northward over North America into central Canada. Regionally over North America and Asia, the position of anomalous circulations within the zonal band of mid-latitude high pressure varied between each La Nia event. Over the northwestern and southeastern United States and southern Asia, the interactions of anomalous circulations resulted in consistent regional temperature advection, which was subsequently balanced by similar precipitation-modifying vertical motions. Over the central and northeastern United States, the spatial variation of anomalous circulations resulted in modest inter-seasonal temperature advection variations, which were balanced by varying vertical motion and precipitation patterns. Over the Middle East and eastern Africa, the divergence of moisture and the advection of dry air due to anomalous circulations enhanced each of the droughts.
C1 [Hoell, Andrew] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Funk, Chris] US Geol Survey, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
[Funk, Chris] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Barlow, Mathew] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Environm Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lowell, MA USA.
RP Hoell, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM hoell@geog.ucsb.edu; chris@geog.ucsb.edu; Mathew_Barlow@uml.edu
FU US Agency for International Development
FX The authors would like to thank three anonymous reviewers whose comments
and suggestions helped to improve the manuscript. NCEP Reanalysis and
ERSST data were provided by the NOAA/OAR/ ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado,
USA, from their web site at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. This research
builds upon a multi-year research project carried out under a US Agency
for International Development-funded Famine Early Warning System Network
agreement with the US Geological Survey.
NR 71
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 11-12
BP 3289
EP 3311
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1799-4
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AI6KX
UT WOS:000336984000026
ER
PT J
AU Cryan, PM
Stricker, CA
Wunder, MB
AF Cryan, Paul M.
Stricker, Craig A.
Wunder, Michael B.
TI Continental-scale, seasonal movements of a heterothermic migratory tree
bat
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Chiroptera; deuterium; geographic origins; hoary bat, Lasiurus cinereus;
hydrogen; isoscapes; migration; occurrence data; seasonal movements;
stable isotopes; white-nose syndrome; wind turbines
ID WHITE-NOSE SYNDROME; HYDROGEN ISOTOPE RATIOS; WINTER ROOSTING ECOLOGY;
WIND-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; STABLE-HYDROGEN; LASIURUS-CINEREUS;
NORTH-AMERICA; COMPARATIVE EQUILIBRATION; INSECTIVOROUS BAT; HOARY BAT
AB Long-distance migration evolved independently in bats and unique migration behaviors are likely, but because of their cryptic lifestyles, many details remain unknown. North American hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus cinereus) roost in trees year-round and probably migrate farther than any other bats, yet we still lack basic information about their migration patterns and wintering locations or strategies. This information is needed to better understand unprecedented fatality of hoary bats at wind turbines during autumn migration and to determine whether the species could be susceptible to an emerging disease affecting hibernating bats. Our aim was to infer probable seasonal movements of individual hoary bats to better understand their migration and seasonal distribution in North America. We analyzed the stable isotope values of non-exchangeable hydrogen in the keratin of bat hair and combined isotopic results with prior distributional information to derive relative probability density surfaces for the geographic origins of individuals. We then mapped probable directions and distances of seasonal movement. Results indicate that hoary bats summer across broad areas. In addition to assumed latitudinal migration, we uncovered evidence of longitudinal movement by hoary bats from inland summering grounds to coastal regions during autumn and winter. Coastal regions with nonfreezing temperatures may be important wintering areas for hoary bats. Hoary bats migrating through any particular area, such as a wind turbine facility in autumn, are likely to have originated from a broad expanse of summering grounds from which they have traveled in no recognizable order. Better characterizing migration patterns and wintering behaviors of hoary bats sheds light on the evolution of migration and provides context for conserving these migrants.
C1 [Cryan, Paul M.; Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Stable Isotope & Gas Chem Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Wunder, Michael B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Biol, Denver, CO 80204 USA.
RP Cryan, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM cryanp@usgs.gov
OI Cryan, Paul/0000-0002-2915-8894
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's
Migratory Bird Program; USGS Venture Capital Fund (Geology)
FX We thank A. Englert and E. A. Snider for invaluable assistance in the
field and laboratory. A. Manville of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
was instrumental in securing funding for this study. Assistance with
sampling was also provided by A. Hicks, C. Herzog, R. vonLinden, and K.
Langwig of the New York Department of Environmental Conservation. Access
to hair samples from wind energy sites was facilitated by the late A.
Linehan of Iberdrola Renewables, T. Nash of Horizon Wind Energy, and P.
McCarthy, B. Hastings, and L. Vigneault of Noble Environmental Power.
Thanks to all of the people who helped gather hair samples for analysis:
D. Adams, E. Arnett, R. Bennett, J. Davenport, C. Brown, L. Brown, R.
Carnie, Curry and Kerlinger, LLC, D. Crandall, A. Fuerst, N. Gill, M.
Gilmore, C. Goodman, C. Hansen, A. Harte, J. Histed, J. Jackson, G.
Johnson, T. Kidd, J. Kirch, M. Lehman, S. Lehman, J. Lieb, A. Lyndaker,
L. Lynn, J. Meachum, M. Milholland, S. Occonor, L. Packer, S. Pageau, D.
Pursell, J. Quant, K. Russell, R. Ryder, L. Slobodnik, P. Sutherland,
and H. Trudell. Cayce Gulbransen ran all of the samples on the mass
spectrometer. C. Talbert and R. Waltermire compiled scripts for
processing GIS grids more efficiently. Helpful comments on earlier
drafts of the manuscript were provided by C. Voigt, M. Hayes, and an
anonymous reviewer. Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service's Migratory Bird Program and the USGS Venture
Capital Fund (Geology). Capture and sampling of bats followed guidelines
of the American Society of Mammalogists (Gannon et al. 2007) and animal
protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee of the U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center
(Standard Operating Procedure 01-01 for the Capture, Handling, Marking,
Tagging, Biopsy Sampling, and Collection of Bats). Bats were captured in
New Mexico during 2002 under authority of a scientific collecting
license issued by the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish (No. 2018).
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 102
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 57
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 4
BP 602
EP 616
PG 15
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI7XX
UT WOS:000337117400002
PM 24988763
ER
PT J
AU Wigand, C
Roman, CT
Davey, E
Stolt, M
Johnson, R
Hanson, A
Watson, EB
Moran, SB
Cahoon, DR
Lynch, JC
Rafferty, P
AF Wigand, Cathleen
Roman, Charles T.
Davey, Earl
Stolt, Mark
Johnson, Roxanne
Hanson, Alana
Watson, Elizabeth B.
Moran, S. Bradley
Cahoon, Donald R.
Lynch, James C.
Rafferty, Patricia
TI Below the disappearing marshes of an urban estuary: historic nitrogen
trends and soil structure
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE belowground biomass; carbon dioxide emissions; computer-aided tomography
(CT) imaging; eutrophication; Jamaica Bay; marsh loss; peat swelling;
radiometric dating; sea level rise; shear stress
ID LONG-ISLAND SOUND; HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENTS; SEA-LEVEL RISE;
SALT-MARSH; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; NEW-ENGLAND; ISOTOPE SIGNATURES;
VERTICAL ACCRETION; SEDIMENT ELEVATION; COASTAL WETLANDS
AB Marshes in the urban Jamaica Bay Estuary, New York, USA are disappearing at an average rate of 13 ha/yr, and multiple stressors (e.g., wastewater inputs, dredging activities, groundwater removal, and global warming) may be contributing to marsh losses. Among these stressors, wastewater nutrients are suspected to be an important contributing cause of marsh deterioration. We used census data, radiometric dating, stable nitrogen isotopes, and soil surveys to examine the temporal relationships between human population growth and soil nitrogen; and we evaluated soil structure with computer-aided tomography, surface elevation and sediment accretion trends, carbon dioxide emissions, and soil shear strength to examine differences among disappearing (Black Bank and Big Egg) and stable marshes (JoCo). Radiometric dating and nitrogen isotope analyses suggested a rapid increase in human wastewater nutrients beginning in the late 1840s, and a tapering off beginning in the 1930s when wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were first installed. Current WWTPs nutrient loads to Jamaica Bay are approximately 13 995 kg N/d and 2767 kg P/d. At Black Bank, the biomass and abundance of roots and rhizomes and percentage of organic matter on soil were significantly lower, rhizomes larger in diameter, carbon dioxide emission rates and peat particle density significantly greater, and soil strength significantly lower compared to the stable JoCo Marsh, suggesting Black Bank has elevated decomposition rates, more decomposed peat, and highly waterlogged peat. Despite these differences, the rates of accretion and surface elevation change were similar for both marshes, and the rates of elevation change approximated the long term relative rate of sea level rise estimated from tide gauge data at nearby Sandy Hook, New Jersey. We hypothesize that Black Bank marsh kept pace with sea level rise by the accretion of material on the marsh surface, and the maintenance of soil volume through production of larger diameter rhizomes and swelling (dilation) of waterlogged peat. JoCo Marsh kept pace with sea-level rise through surface accretion and soil organic matter accumulation. Understanding the effects of multiple stressors, including nutrient enrichment, on soil structure, organic matter accumulation, and elevation change will better inform management decisions aimed at maintaining and restoring coastal marshes.
C1 [Wigand, Cathleen; Davey, Earl; Johnson, Roxanne; Hanson, Alana; Watson, Elizabeth B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Roman, Charles T.] Univ Rhode Isl, North Atlantic Coast Cooperat Ecosyst Studies Uni, Natl Pk Serv, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Stolt, Mark] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston Coastal Inst 112, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Moran, S. Bradley] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Cahoon, Donald R.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Lynch, James C.] Northeast Coastal & Barrier Network, Natl Pk Serv, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
[Rafferty, Patricia] Natl Pk Serv, Patchogue, NY 11772 USA.
RP Wigand, C (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM wigand.cathleen@epa.gov
NR 81
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 9
U2 86
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 4
BP 633
EP 649
PG 17
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI7XX
UT WOS:000337117400004
PM 24988765
ER
PT J
AU Grundel, R
Frohnapple, KJ
Zaya, DN
Glowacki, GA
Weiskerger, CJ
Patterson, TA
Pavlovic, NB
AF Grundel, Ralph
Frohnapple, Krystalynn J.
Zaya, David N.
Glowacki, Gary A.
Weiskerger, Chelsea J.
Patterson, Tamatha A.
Pavlovic, Noel B.
TI Geographic coincidence of richness, mass, conservation value, and
response to climate of US land birds
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE avian biomass; avian community characteristics; climate change; combined
score; conservation index; conservation metrics; conservation value;
covariation; geographic coincidence; land birds; Landscape Conservation
Cooperatives; richness
ID SPECIES-RICHNESS; SPATIAL SCALE; DIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS;
GRADIENT; HOTSPOTS; AREAS
AB Distributional patterns across the United States of five avian community breeding-season characteristics-community biomass, richness, constituent species' vulnerability to extirpation, percentage of constituent species' global abundance present in the community (conservation index, CI), and the community's position along the ecological gradient underlying species composition (principal curve ordination score, PC)-were described, their covariation was analyzed, and projected effects of climate change on the characteristics and their covariation were modeled. Higher values of biomass, richness, and CI were generally preferred from a conservation perspective. However, higher values of these characteristics often did not coincide geographically; thus regions of the United States would differ in their value for conservation depending on which characteristic was chosen for setting conservation priorities. For instance, correlation patterns between characteristics differed among Landscape Conservation Cooperatives. Among the five characteristics, community richness and the ecological gradient underlying community composition (PC) had the highest correlations with longitude, with richness declining from east to west across the contiguous United States. The ecological gradient underlying composition exhibited a demarcation near the 100th meridian, separating the contiguous United States grossly into two similar-sized avian ecological provinces. The combined score (CS), a measure of species' threat of decline or extirpation, exhibited the strongest latitudinal pattern, declining from south to north. Over similar to 75% of the lower United States, projected changes in June temperature and precipitation to year 2080 were associated with decreased averaged values of richness, biomass, and CI, implying decreased conservation value for birds. The two ecological provinces demarcated near the 100th meridian diverged from each other, with projected changes in June temperatures and precipitation from the year 2000 to 2080 suggesting increased ecological dissimilarity between the eastern and western halves of the lower United States with changing climate. Anticipated climate-related changes in the five characteristics by 2080 were more weakly correlated with latitude or longitude then the responses themselves, indicating less distinct geographic patterns of characteristic change than in the characteristics themselves. Climate changes projected for 2080 included geographic shifts in avian biomass, CS, and PC values, a moderate overall decline in CI, and general decline in species richness per site.
C1 [Grundel, Ralph; Frohnapple, Krystalynn J.; Zaya, David N.; Glowacki, Gary A.; Pavlovic, Noel B.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
[Zaya, David N.] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Glowacki, Gary A.] Lake Cty Forest Preserves, Libertyville, IL 60048 USA.
[Weiskerger, Chelsea J.; Patterson, Tamatha A.] Indiana Dunes Natl Lakeshore, Natl Pk Serv, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
[Weiskerger, Chelsea J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, US Geol Survey, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
[Patterson, Tamatha A.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, US Geol Survey, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
RP Grundel, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1100 N Mineral Springs Rd, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
EM rgrundel@usgs.gov
NR 59
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 24
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 4
BP 791
EP 811
PG 21
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI7XX
UT WOS:000337117400016
PM 24988777
ER
PT J
AU Lawrence, DJ
Stewart-Koster, B
Olden, JD
Ruesch, AS
Torgersen, CE
Lawler, JJ
Butcher, DP
Crown, JK
AF Lawrence, David J.
Stewart-Koster, Ben
Olden, Julian D.
Ruesch, Aaron S.
Torgersen, Christian E.
Lawler, Joshua J.
Butcher, Don P.
Crown, Julia K.
TI The interactive effects of climate change, riparian management, and a
nonnative predator on stream-rearing salmon
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptation strategies; Bayesian hierarchical model; chinook salmon
(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha); climate change; John Day River basin,
Oregon, USA; nonnative species; range expansion; restoration; riparian
land use; smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu)
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; SMALLMOUTH BASS; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA;
PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; FUTURE CLIMATE; FRASER-RIVER; FOOD
WEBS; ASSOCIATIONS; TEMPERATURE
AB Predicting how climate change is likely to interact with myriad other stressors that threaten species of conservation concern is an essential challenge in aquatic ecosystems. This study provides a framework to accomplish this task in salmon-bearing streams of the northwestern United States, where land-use-related reductions in riparian shading have caused changes in stream thermal regimes, and additional warming from projected climate change may result in significant losses of coldwater fish habitat over the next century. Predatory, nonnative smallmouth bass have also been introduced into many northwestern streams, and their range is likely to expand as streams warm, presenting an additional challenge to the persistence of threatened Pacific salmon. The goal of this work was to forecast the interactive effects of climate change, riparian management, and nonnative species on stream-rearing salmon and to evaluate the capacity of restoration to mitigate these effects. We intersected downscaled global climate forecasts with a local-scale water temperature model to predict mid- and end-of-century temperatures in streams in the Columbia River basin. We compared one stream that is thermally impaired due to the loss of riparian vegetation and another that is cooler and has a largely intact riparian corridor. Using the forecasted stream temperatures in conjunction with fish habitat models, we predicted how stream-rearing chinook salmon and bass distributions would change as each stream warmed. In the highly modified stream, end-of-century warming may cause near total loss of chinook salmon-rearing habitat and a complete invasion of the upper watershed by bass. In the less modified stream, bass were thermally restricted from the upstream-most areas. In both systems, temperature increases resulted in higher predicted spatial overlap between stream-rearing chinook salmon and potentially predatory bass in the early summer (two- to fourfold increase) and greater abundance of bass. We found that riparian restoration could prevent the extirpation of chinook salmon from the more altered stream and could also restrict bass from occupying the upper 31 km of salmon-rearing habitat. The proposed methodology and model predictions are critical for prioritizing climate-change adaptation strategies before salmonids are exposed to both warmer water and greater predation risk by nonnative species.
C1 [Lawrence, David J.; Stewart-Koster, Ben; Olden, Julian D.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Ruesch, Aaron S.] Bur Water Qual, Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53707 USA.
[Torgersen, Christian E.] USGS, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Cascadia Field Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Lawler, Joshua J.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Butcher, Don P.] Oregon Dept Environm Qual, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA.
[Crown, Julia K.] Oregon Dept Environm Qual, Portland, OR 97204 USA.
RP Lawrence, DJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM david.lawrence@nfwf.org
OI Olden, Julian/0000-0003-2143-1187
FU U.S. EPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program [833834]; Northwest
Climate Science Center graduate fellowship; USGS Forest and Rangeland
Ecosystem Science Center
FX We thank Seth Wenger for providing the downscaled flow forecasts and
Marketa Elsner and Guillaume Mauger for providing the downscaled general
circulation model products. Carol Volk and Aaron Maxwell provided some
of the water temperature data used in this work. This paper was improved
by input from Dave Beauchamp and two anonymous reviewers. Funding for
this work was provided by the U.S. EPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR)
program (grant # 833834) and a Northwest Climate Science Center graduate
fellowship awarded to D. J. Lawrence. Additional funding and support was
provided by the USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the United States government.
NR 62
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 112
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 4
BP 895
EP 912
PG 18
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI7XX
UT WOS:000337117400023
PM 24988784
ER
PT J
AU Sheehan, J
Wood, PB
Buehler, DA
Keyser, PD
Larkin, JL
Rodewald, AD
Wigley, TB
Boves, TJ
George, GA
Bakermans, MH
Beachy, TA
Evans, A
McDermott, ME
Newell, FL
Perkins, KA
White, M
AF Sheehan, James
Wood, Petra Bohall
Buehler, David A.
Keyser, Patrick D.
Larkin, Jeffrey L.
Rodewald, Amanda D.
Wigley, T. Bently
Boves, Than J.
George, Gregory A.
Bakermans, Marja H.
Beachy, Tiffany A.
Evans, Andrea
McDermott, Molly E.
Newell, Felicity L.
Perkins, Kelly A.
White, Matthew
TI Avian response to timber harvesting applied experimentally to manage
Cerulean Warbler breeding populations
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Upland hardwood forest; Silviculture; Residual basal area; Forest bird
management; Cerulean Warbler; Bird assemblages
ID FOREST BIRD RESPONSE; HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS; HARDWOOD FORESTS;
NORTH-AMERICA; CONSERVATION; ABUNDANCE; DISTURBANCE; MICROHABITAT;
APPALACHIANS; METAANALYSIS
AB Timber harvesting has been proposed as a management tool to enhance breeding habitat for the Cerulean Warbler (Setophaga cerulea), a declining Neotropical-Nearctic migratory songbird that nests in the canopy of mature eastern deciduous forests. To evaluate how this single-species management focus might fit within an ecologically based management approach for multiple forest birds, we performed a manipulative experiment using four treatments (three intensities of timber harvests and an unharvested control) at each of seven study areas within the core Cerulean Warbler breeding range. We collected pre-harvest (one year) and post-harvest (four years) data on the territory density of Cerulean Warblers and six additional focal species, avian community relative abundance, and several key habitat variables. We evaluated the avian and habitat responses across the 3-32 m(2) ha(-1) residual basal area (RBA) range of the treatments. Cerulean Warbler territory density peaked with medium RBA (similar to 16 m(2) ha(-1)). In contrast, territory densities of the other focal species were negatively related to RBA (e.g., Hooded Warbler [Setophaga citrina]), were positively related to RBA (e.g., Ovenbird [Seiurus aurocapilla]), or were not sensitive to this measure (Scarlet Tanager [Piranga olivacea]). Some species (e.g., Hooded Warbler) increased with time post-treatment and were likely tied to a developing understory, whereas declines (e.g., Ovenbird) were immediate. Relative abundance responses of additional species were consistent with the territory density responses of the focal species. Across the RBA gradient, greatest separation in the avian community was between early successional forest species (e.g., Yellow-breasted Chat [Icteria virens]) and closed-canopy mature forest species (e.g., Ovenbird), with the Cerulean Warbler and other species located intermediate to these two extremes. Overall, our results suggest that harvests within 10-20 m(2) ha(-1) RBA yield the largest increases in Cerulean Warblers, benefit additional disturbance-dependent species, and may retain closed-canopy species but at reduced levels. Harvests outside the optimum RBA range for Cerulean Warblers can support bird assemblages specifically associated with early or late (closed-canopy) successional stages. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sheehan, James; George, Gregory A.; McDermott, Molly E.; Perkins, Kelly A.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Wood, Petra Bohall] W Virginia Univ, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Buehler, David A.; Keyser, Patrick D.; Boves, Than J.; Beachy, Tiffany A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Larkin, Jeffrey L.; Evans, Andrea; White, Matthew] Indiana Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Indiana, PA 15705 USA.
[Rodewald, Amanda D.; Bakermans, Marja H.; Newell, Felicity L.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Wigley, T. Bently] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement, Clemson, SC USA.
RP Sheehan, J (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, 322 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM jsheeha3@mix.wvu.edu
RI Rodewald, Amanda/I-6308-2016
OI Rodewald, Amanda/0000-0002-6719-6306
FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; National Council for Air and
Stream Improvement, Inc.; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; USDA Forest
Service Monongahela National Forest and Daniel Boone National Forest;
MeadWestvaco Corporation; Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife
Resources; Ohio Division of Wildlife; Tennessee Wildlife Resources
Agency; Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries at the University
of Tennessee; Nature Conservancy through a U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service HCP planning grant; West Virginia Division of Natural Resources
Wildlife Diversity Program; U.S. Geological Survey West Virginia
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
FX We thank M. Wilson, B. Thompson, and three anonymous reviewers for their
many valuable comments on previous versions of this manuscript. We thank
our funding sources: National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, National
Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Inc., U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, USDA Forest Service Monongahela National Forest and Daniel
Boone National Forest, MeadWestvaco Corporation, Kentucky Department of
Fish and Wildlife Resources, Ohio Division of Wildlife, Tennessee
Wildlife Resources Agency, Department of Forestry, Wildlife and
Fisheries at the University of Tennessee, The Nature Conservancy through
a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service HCP planning grant with the Tennessee
Wildlife Resources Agency, West Virginia Division of Natural Resources
Wildlife Diversity Program, and U.S. Geological Survey West Virginia
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. This research was conducted
on public lands owned by the USDA Forest Service, Tennessee Wildlife
Resources Agency, and the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources,
and on private lands owned by Forest Land Group/Wagner Forest Management
and MeadWestvaco. We appreciate the cooperation and assistance of these
agencies/groups and the efforts of their forest management personnel for
assistance with study site selection, design of harvesting treatments,
and especially implementation of harvests. We thank cooperating
universities: Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Ohio State University,
West Virginia University, and University of Tennessee. Thanks to the
numerous field assistants for data collection. This study was completed
under the auspices of IACUC protocols from Ohio State University
(#2004A0047, 2007A0015, and 2010A0003), West Virginia University
(#04-0302, 07-0303), and University of Tennessee (#561). The use of
trade names or products does not constitute endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 67
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 42
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 321
SI SI
BP 5
EP 18
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.07.037
PG 14
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA AI6WO
UT WOS:000337017900002
ER
PT J
AU Love, JJ
Rigler, EJ
AF Love, Jeffrey J.
Rigler, E. Joshua
TI The magnetic tides of Honolulu
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Fourier analysis; Tides and planetary waves; Rapid time variations
ID DAILY GEOMAGNETIC-VARIATIONS; SUNSPOT CYCLE INFLUENCE; LUNAR DAILY
VARIATION; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; EQUATORIAL ELECTROJET; ATMOSPHERIC TIDES;
FIELD VARIATIONS; O1 COMPONENT; SOLAR; OSCILLATION
AB We review and analyse the phenomenon of time-invariant, periodic geomagnetic tides. These are generated by the deterministic physics of the ionospheric and oceanic dynamos, and, to a lesser extent, by the solar-quiet magnetosphere, and they are affected by currents induced in the Earth's electrically conducting interior. Using a long historical time-series of hourly magnetic vector measurements made at the Honolulu observatory, we construct high-resolution, frequency-domain power spectra across periods from 0.1 to 10 000.0 d using maximum-entropy and Lomb periodogram algorithms. Recognizing that harmonics corresponding to fundamental forcing periods can, themselves, have amplitude and phase modulation driven by other forcing harmonics, we identify solar-diurnal tides and their annual and solar-cycle sideband modulations, lunar semidiurnal tides and their solar-diurnal sidebands, and tides due to precession of lunar eccentricity and nodes. In contrast to reports by other investigators, we cannot identify tidal signals that might be related to the 22-yr Hale cycle, the Chandler wobble and the quasi-biennial oscillation. Using a least-squares algorithm to estimate the amplitudes and phases of individual tidal constituents, we construct synthetic model time-series that are representative of geomagnetic tidal variation. The signals summarized in this report can be used to test fundamental understanding of the dynamics of the solar-quiet ionosphere and magnetosphere, the ocean and the electrically conducting interior of the Earth, and they can be used to specify a quiet-time baseline against which magnetospheric storm disturbance can be measured.
C1 [Love, Jeffrey J.; Rigler, E. Joshua] USGS Geomagnetism Program, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Love, JJ (reprint author), USGS Geomagnetism Program, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jlove@usgs.gov
FU Universite Paris; USGS Geomagnetism Program
FX We thank A. Chulliat, C. A. Finn, J. L. Gannon, D. E. McNamara, M.
Moschetti, and an anonymous person for reviewing a draft manuscript. We
thank W. F. Denig, B. A. Emery, J. S. Gee, E. A. Kihn, A. Khokhlov, A.
Kuvshinov, W. S. Leith, C. Manoj, S. Maus, K. Mursula, J. McCarthy, W.
K. Peterson, A. D. Richmond, H. J. Singer, L. Svalgaard, B. T.
Tsurutani, and R. H. Tyler for useful conversations. This work was
supported by the USGS Geomagnetism Program. Part of this work was
accomplished while J. J. Love was supported by the Universite Paris,
Diderot during his visit of the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris,
2012 October.
NR 93
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 9
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 197
IS 3
BP 1335
EP 1353
DI 10.1093/gji/ggu090
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AI7DB
UT WOS:000337041100005
ER
PT J
AU Tucker, RD
Roig, JY
Moine, B
Delor, C
Peters, SG
AF Tucker, R. D.
Roig, J. Y.
Moine, B.
Delor, C.
Peters, S. G.
TI A geological synthesis of the Precambrian shield in Madagascar
SO JOURNAL OF AFRICAN EARTH SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Madagascar; Greater Dharwar Craton; SMIWH; Imorona-Itsindro Suite;
Dabolava Suite; East African and Kuunga orogenies
ID EAST-AFRICAN OROGEN; NORTH-CENTRAL MADAGASCAR; U-PB GEOCHRONOLOGY;
WEST-CENTRAL MADAGASCAR; SOUTHERN MADAGASCAR; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; NW
INDIA; MOZAMBIQUE OCEAN; SHEAR ZONES; POLYMETAMORPHIC CONTEXT
AB Available U-Pb geochronology of the Precambrian shield of Madagascar is summarized and integrated into a synthesis of the region's geological history. The shield is described in terms of six geodynamic domains, from northeast to southwest, the Bemarivo, Antongil-Masora, Antananarivo, Ikalamavony, Androyan-Anosyan, and Vohibory domains. Each domain is defined by distinctive suites of metaigneous rocks and metasedimentary groups, and a unique history of Archean (similar to 2.5 Ga) and Proterozoic (similar to 1.0 Ga, similar to 0.80 Ga, and similar to 0.55 Ga) reworking. Superimposed within and across these domains are scores of Neoproterozoic granitic stocks and batholiths as well as kilometer long zones of steeply dipping, highly strained rocks that record the effects of Gondwana's amalgamation and shortening in latest Neoproterozoic time (0.560-0.520 Ga).
The present-day shield of Madagascar is best viewed as part of the Greater Dharwar Craton, of Archean age, to which three exotic terranes were added in Proterozoic time. The domains in Madagascar representing the Greater Dharwar Craton include the Antongil-Masora domain, a fragment of the Western Dharwar of India, and the Neoarchean Antananarivo domain (with its Tsaratanana Complex) which is broadly analogous to the Eastern Dharwar of India. In its reconstructed position, the Greater Dharwar Craton consists of a central nucleus of Paleo-Mesoarchean age (>3.1 Ga), the combined Western Dharwar and Antongil-Masora domain, flanked by mostly juvenile "granite-greenstone belts" of Neoarchean age (2.70-2.56 Ga). The age of the accretionary event that formed this craton is approximately 2.5-2.45 Ga. The three domains in Madagascar exotic to the Greater Dharwar Craton are the Androyan-Anosyan, Vohibory, and Bemarivo. The basement to the Androyan-Anosyan domain is a continental terrane of Paleoproterozoic age (2.0-1.78 Ga) that was accreted to the southern margin (present-day direction) of the Greater Dharwar Craton in pre-Stratherian time (>1.6 Ga), and rejuvenated at 1.03-0.93 Ga with the creation of the Ikalamavony domain. The Vohibory domain, an oceanic terrane of Neoproterozoic age was accreted to the Androyan-Anosyan domain in Cryogenian time (similar to 0.63-0.60 Ga). The Bemarivo domain of north Madagascar is a terrane of Cryogenian igneous rocks, with a cryptic Paleoproterozoic basement, that was accreted to the Greater Dharwar Craton in latest Ediacaran to earliest Cambrian time (0.53-0.51 Ga). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Tucker, R. D.; Peters, S. G.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Roig, J. Y.; Delor, C.] Bur Rech Geol & Minieres, F-45060 Orleans 2, France.
[Moine, B.] GET OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
[Moine, B.] GET OMP, F-82400 Piac, France.
RP Tucker, RD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, MS 926A,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM rtucker@usgs.gov
FU World Bank; PGRM (Madagascar)
FX Our collaborative research was funded by the World Bank, with a contract
from the PGRM (Madagascar) to the BRGM-USGS consortium, under the title
Syntheses Geologique de Madagascar a l'echelle du millionnieme. We
acknowledge, in particular, Remi Pelon and Gotthard Walser of The World
Bank, and Drs. Enrique Ortega and Dominique Rakotomanana, who supervised
our field work (through the PGRM), and who provided intellectual
stimulation during the preparation of our reports and maps. J.-E.
Martelat, K. Metzger, and B. Wardlaw provided careful and constructive
reviews of the manuscript. We especially thank Anne Nedelec, Associate
Editor of this Special Issue, for her exceptional and fair handling of
this contribution.
NR 103
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1464-343X
EI 1879-1956
J9 J AFR EARTH SCI
JI J. Afr. Earth Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 94
SI SI
BP 9
EP 30
DI 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.02.001
PG 22
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AI4YB
UT WOS:000336871400002
ER
PT J
AU Karacan, CO
Olea, RA
AF Karacan, C. Oezgen
Olea, Ricardo A.
TI Inference of strata separation and gas emission paths in longwall
overburden using continuous wavelet transform of well logs and
geostatistical simulation
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Strata separation; Longwall mining; Methane flow paths; Wavelet
transform; Geostatistical simulation
ID INDICATOR SIMULATION; RESERVOIR PROPERTIES; COAL; IDENTIFICATION;
INTERFACES; FRACTURES; DEPOSITS; ALABAMA; PROGRAM; BASIN
AB Prediction of potential methane emission pathways from various sources into active mine workings or sealed gobs from longwall overburden is important for controlling methane and for improving mining safety. The aim of this paper is to infer strata separation intervals and thus gas emission pathways from standard well log data. The proposed technique was applied to well logs acquired through the Mary Lee/Blue Creek coal seam of the Upper Pottsville Formation in the Black Warrior Basin, Alabama, using well logs from a series of boreholes aligned along a nearly linear profile.
For this purpose, continuous wavelet transform (CWT) of digitized gamma well logs was performed by using Mexican hat and Morlet, as the mother wavelets, to identify potential discontinuities in the signal. Pointwise Holder exponents (PHE) of gamma logs were also computed using the generalized quadratic variations (GQV) method to identify the location and strength of singularities of well log signals as a complementary analysis. PHEs and wavelet coefficients were analyzed to find the locations of singularities along the logs.
Using the well logs in this study, locations of predicted singularities were used as indicators in single normal equation simulation (SNESIM) to generate equi-probable realizations of potential strata separation intervals. Horizontal and vertical variograms of realizations were then analyzed and compared with those of indicator data and training image (TI) data using the Kruskal-Wallis test. A sum of squared differences was employed to select the most probable realization representing the locations of potential strata separations and methane flow paths.
Results indicated that singularities located in well log signals reliably correlated with strata transitions or discontinuities within the strata. Geostatistical simulation of these discontinuities provided information about the location and extents of the continuous channels that may form during mining. If there is a gas source within their zone of influence, paths may develop and allow methane movement towards sealed or active gobs under pressure differentials. Knowledge gained from this research will better prepare mine operations for potential methane inflows, thus improving mine safety. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Karacan, C. Oezgen] NIOSH, Off Mine Safety & Hlth Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Olea, Ricardo A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Karacan, CO (reprint author), NIOSH, Off Mine Safety & Hlth Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
NR 44
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0926-9851
EI 1879-1859
J9 J APPL GEOPHYS
JI J. Appl. Geophys.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 105
BP 147
EP 158
DI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2014.03.019
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA AI4FH
UT WOS:000336820600014
ER
PT J
AU Foley, AM
Schroeder, BA
Hardy, R
MacPherson, SL
Nicholas, M
AF Foley, Allen M.
Schroeder, Barbara A.
Hardy, Robert
MacPherson, Sandra L.
Nicholas, Mark
TI Long-term behavior at foraging sites of adult female loggerhead sea
turtles (Caretta caretta) from three Florida rookeries
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SATELLITE-TRACKING; HABITAT USE; HOME-RANGE; ASCENSION-ISLAND;
POPULATION-MODEL; DIVE DURATIONS; CHELONIA-MYDAS; CONSERVATION;
MIGRATION; PATTERNS
AB We used satellite telemetry to study behavior at foraging sites of 40 adult female loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from three Florida (USA) rookeries. Foraging sites were located in four countries (USA, Mexico, the Bahamas, and Cuba). We were able to determine home range for 32 of the loggerheads. One turtle moved through several temporary residence areas, but the rest had a primary residence area in which they spent all or most of their time (usually > 11 months per year). Twenty-four had a primary residence area that was < 500 km(2) (mean = 191). Seven had a primary residence area that was a parts per thousand yen500 km(2) (range = 573-1,907). Primary residence areas were mostly restricted to depths < 100 m. Loggerheads appeared to favor areas with larger-grained sediment (gravel and rock) over areas with smaller-grained sediment (mud). Short-term departures from primary residence areas were either looping excursions, typically involving 1-2 weeks of continuous travel, or movement to a secondary residence area where turtles spent 25-45 days before returning to their primary residence area. Ten turtles had a secondary residence area, and six used it as an overwintering site. For those six turtles, the primary residence area was in shallow water (< 17 m) in the northern half of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), and overwintering sites were farther offshore or farther south. We documented long winter dive times (> 4 h) for the first time in the GOM. Characterizing behaviors at foraging sites helps inform and assess loggerhead recovery efforts.
C1 [Foley, Allen M.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Jacksonville Field Lab, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Jacksonville, FL 32218 USA.
[Schroeder, Barbara A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Protected Resources, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Hardy, Robert] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[MacPherson, Sandra L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Jacksonville, FL 32256 USA.
[Nicholas, Mark] Natl Pk Serv, Gulf Breeze, FL 32563 USA.
RP Foley, AM (reprint author), Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Jacksonville Field Lab, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Jacksonville, FL 32218 USA.
EM allen.foley@myfwc.com
OI Hardy, Robert/0000-0002-3178-2397
FU US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration [40-WC-NF-004557]; US Fish and Wildlife Service and sales
of the Florida Sea Turtle License Plate
FX This study was funded in part by the US Department of Commerce, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, under PO# 40-WC-NF-004557 to the
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. The statements,
findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and
do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration or any branch of the federal government.
Funding was also provided by the US Fish and Wildlife Service and sales
of the Florida Sea Turtle License Plate. We are grateful for the
assistance of D. Bagley, L. Ehrhart, and the University of Central
Florida Marine Turtle Research Group; J. McCarthy and members of the
Sarasota Turtle Watch; M. Lamont and other graduate students from the
University of Florida working at Cape San Blas; the Gulf Islands
National Seashore Turtle Patrol; and B. Witherington and S. Hirama
(Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife
Research Institute). We also thank our friend and colleague, T. Redlow,
who was an integral part of this project. R. Giove and B. Combs (Florida
Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research
Institute) and M. Coyne provided assistance with spatial analyses. D.
Douglas (US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center) shared customized
Argos data filtering routines and provided advice on data handling and
interpretation. E. Leone (Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute) provided statistical
advice. The manuscript was improved by the reviews of A. Meylan, B.
Crowder, E. Leone, and two anonymous reviewers. The work was conducted
under the authorization granted to the Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission in a Section 6 Endangered Species Act
Cooperative Agreement with the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 66
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 33
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0025-3162
EI 1432-1793
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 161
IS 6
BP 1251
EP 1262
DI 10.1007/s00227-014-2415-9
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI4AG
UT WOS:000336806700004
ER
PT J
AU Bearup, LA
Maxwell, RM
Clow, D
McCray, JE
AF Bearup, Lindsay A.
Maxwell, Reed M.
Clow, DavidW.
McCray, John E.
TI Hydrological effects of forest transpiration loss in bark
beetle-impacted watersheds
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID LODGEPOLE PINE FORESTS; MOUNTAIN NATIONAL-PARK; STAND DEVELOPMENT;
COLORADO; INFESTATION; CHEMISTRY; MORTALITY; YIELD; TREES
AB The recent climate-exacerbated mountain pine beetle infestation in the Rocky Mountains of North America has resulted in tree death that is unprecedented in recorded history. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity inherent in insect infestation creates a complex and often unpredictable watershed response, influencing the primary storage and flow components of the hydrologic cycle. Despite the increased vulnerability of forested ecosystems under changing climate(1), watershed-scale implications of interception, ground evaporation, and transpiration changes remain relatively unknown, with conflicting reports of streamflow perturbations across regions. Here, contributions to streamflow are analysed through time and space to investigate the potential for increased groundwater inputs resulting from hydrologic change after infestation. Results demonstrate that fractional late-summer groundwater contributions from impacted watersheds are 30 +/- 15% greater after infestation and when compared with a neighbouring watershed that experienced earlier and less-severe attack, albeit uncertainty propagations through time and space are considerable. Water budget analysis confirms that transpiration loss resulting from beetle kill can account for the relative increase in groundwater contributions to streams, often considered the sustainable flow fraction and critical to mountain water supplies and ecosystems.
C1 [Bearup, Lindsay A.; Maxwell, Reed M.; McCray, John E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Hydrol Sci & Engn Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Bearup, Lindsay A.; McCray, John E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Bearup, Lindsay A.; Maxwell, Reed M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Integrated GroundWater Modeling Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Maxwell, Reed M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Clow, DavidW.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Bearup, LA (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Hydrol Sci & Engn Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM lbearup@mines.edu; rmaxwell@mines.edu
RI Maxwell, Reed/D-7980-2013; Bearup, Lindsay/J-1923-2016;
OI Maxwell, Reed/0000-0002-1364-4441; Bearup, Lindsay/0000-0003-2339-1983;
Clow, David/0000-0001-6183-4824
FU National Science Foundation [WSC-1204787]; USGS-National Institute of
Water Resources [2011CO245G, G-2914-1]; Water, Energy, and
Biogeochemical Budgets program; USGS/NPS Partnership program
FX This material is based on work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. WSC-1204787, the USGS-National Institute of
Water Resources under Grant No. 2011CO245G Subaward G-2914-1 and through
the Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets program and USGS/NPS
Partnership program.
NR 29
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 4
U2 57
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 6
BP 481
EP 486
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2198
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AI8EC
UT WOS:000337138700025
ER
PT J
AU Howard, DM
Wylie, BK
AF Howard, Daniel M.
Wylie, Bruce K.
TI Annual Crop Type Classification of the US Great Plains for 2000 to 2011
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID PHENOLOGY; TREES
AB The purpose of this study was to increase the spatial and temporal availability of crop classification data. In this study, nearly 16.2 million crop observation points were used in the training of the US Great Plains classification tree crop type model (CTM). Each observation point was further defined by weekly Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, annual climate, and a number of other biogeophysical environmental characteristics. This study accounted for the most prevalent crop types in the region, including, corn, soybeans, winter wheat, spring wheat, cotton, sorghum, and alfalfa. Annual CTM crop maps of the US Great Plains were created for 2000 to 2011 at a spatial resolution of 250 meters. The CTM achieved an 87 percent classification success rate on 1.8 million observation points that were withheld from model training. Product validation was performed on greater than 15,000 county records with a coefficient of determination of R-2 = 0.76.
C1 [Howard, Daniel M.] USGS EROS Ctr, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Wylie, Bruce K.] USGS EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Howard, DM (reprint author), USGS EROS Ctr, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM dhoward@usgs.gov
RI Wylie, Bruce/H-3182-2014;
OI Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083; Howard, Daniel/0000-0002-7563-7538
FU US Geological Survey (USGS) [G10PC00044]
FX This study was funded by the US Geological Survey (USGS) Land Change
Science (LCS) Program and performed under USGS contract G10PC00044. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. The authors thank
the reviewers for their thorough analyses and constructive criticisms.
We also thank the individuals and/or teams responsible for the
production of each valuable dataset that was incorporated into the
classification tree crop classification model.
NR 28
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 6
BP 537
EP 549
PG 13
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AI6UA
UT WOS:000337011300013
ER
PT J
AU McAllister, CT
Duszynski, DW
Fisher, RN
Austin, CC
AF McAllister, Chris T.
Duszynski, Donald W.
Fisher, Robert N.
Austin, Christopher C.
TI Two new species of Eimeria (Apicomplexa, Eimeriidae) from tree skinks,
Prasinohaema spp. (Sauria: Scincidae), from Papua New Guinea
SO ACTA PARASITOLOGICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Coccidia; Eimeria greeri sp nov.; Eimeria krausi sp nov.; Prasinohaema
flavipes; Prasinohaema prehensicauda; Papua New Guinea; Sauria;
Scincidae; tree skinks
ID LIZARDS; PLASMODIUM; SCHNEIDER
AB Between September 1991 and June 1992, feces from 4 species of tree skinks, Prasinohaema spp. from Papua New Guinea, were collected and examined for coccidia. Two species, P. flavipes and P. prehensicauda were found to harbor eimerians which are described as new. Oocysts of Eimeria krausi sp. nov. from P. flavipes were ellipsoidal to subspheroidal with a smooth bilayered wall and measured (L x W) 19.2 x 16.9 mu m, with a length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.1. Micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent but a fragmented polar granule was present. Sporocysts were ellipsoidal, 9.7 x 6.7 mu m, L/W of 1.5. Stieda, subStieda and paraStieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum was composed of many small granules in a compact mass between sporozoites. The sporozoites were sausage-shaped, 11.7 x 2.7 mu m, in situ, with an ellipsoidal posterior refractile body and a spheroidal anterior refractile body. Oocysts of Eimeria greeri sp. nov. from P. prehensicauda were ellipsoidal with a smooth bilayered wall, (L x W) 23.0 x 18.3 mu m, with a L/W of 1.3. Micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent but a fragmented polar granule was present. Sporocysts were ellipsoidal, 9.7 x 8.4 mu m, with a L/W of 1.2. Stieda, subStieda and paraStieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum was composed of many large granules in a compact mass between sporozoites. The sporozoites were sausage-shaped, with an ellipsoidal posterior refractile body and a spheroidal anterior refractile body. We document here the first report of coccidia from skinks of the genus Prasinohaema.
C1 [McAllister, Chris T.] Eastern Oklahoma State Coll, Div Sci & Math, Idabel, OK 74745 USA.
[Duszynski, Donald W.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
[Austin, Christopher C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Austin, Christopher C.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP McAllister, CT (reprint author), Eastern Oklahoma State Coll, Div Sci & Math, Idabel, OK 74745 USA.
EM cmcallister@se.edu
RI Austin, Christopher/J-4527-2012
FU [IBN 9311139]; [DEB 1146033]
FX We thank the late Steve J. Upton (Kansas State University, Manhattan,
Kansas, USA) for technical assistance, and Scott L. Gardner (Manter
Parasite Collection, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA) for parasitological
training of RNF. Further appreciation is extended to Patricia A. Pilitt
(USNPC) for expert curatorial assistance. The PNG Department of
Environment and Conservation supplied export permits to CCA for the
lizard and parasite collections. This work was funded in part by IBN
9311139 and DEB 1146033 to CCA. The use of trade, product, or firm names
in this publication does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1230-2821
EI 1896-1851
J9 ACTA PARASITOL
JI Acta Parasitolog.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 2
BP 263
EP 266
DI 10.2478/s11686-014-0239-x
PG 4
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA AH7KX
UT WOS:000336313100010
PM 24827096
ER
PT J
AU Gardner, PM
Heilweil, VM
AF Gardner, Philip M.
Heilweil, Victor M.
TI A multiple-tracer approach to understanding regional groundwater flow in
the Snake Valley area of the eastern Great Basin, USA
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBONATE AQUIFER; SOUTHERN NEVADA; NOBLE-GASES; RADIOCARBON; WATERS;
MODELS
AB Groundwater in Snake Valley and surrounding basins in the eastern Great Basin province of the western United States is being targeted for large-scale groundwater extraction and export. Concern about declining groundwater levels and spring flows in western Utah as a result of the proposed groundwater withdrawals has led to efforts that have improved the understanding of this regional groundwater flow system. In this study, environmental tracers (delta H-2, delta O-18, H-3, C-14, He-3, He-4, Ne-20, Ar-40, Kr-84, and Xe-129) and major ions from 142 sites were evaluated to investigate groundwater recharge and flow-path characteristics. With few exceptions, delta H-2 and delta O-18 show that most valley groundwater has similar ratios to mountain springs, indicating recharge is dominated by relatively high-altitude precipitation. The spatial distribution of H-3, terrigenic helium (He-4(terr)), and H-3/He-3 ages shows that modern groundwater (<60 yr) in valley aquifers is found only in the western third of the study area. Pleistocene and late-Holocene groundwater is found in the eastern parts of the study area. The age of Pleistocene groundwater is supported by minimum adjusted radiocarbon ages of up to 32 ka. Noble gas recharge temperatures (NGTs) are generally 1-11 degrees C in Snake and southern Spring Valleys and >11 degrees C to the east of Snake Valley and indicate a hydraulic discontinuity between Snake and Tule Valleys across the northern Confusion Range. The combination of NGTs and 4Heterr shows that the majority of Snake Valley groundwater discharges as springs, evapotranspiration, and well withdrawals within Snake Valley rather than continuing northeastward to discharge at either Fish Springs or the Great Salt Lake Playa. The refined understanding of groundwater recharge and flow paths acquired from this multi-tracer investigation has broad implications for interbasin subsurface flow estimates and future groundwater development. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Gardner, Philip M.; Heilweil, Victor M.] US Geol Survey, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
RP Gardner, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2329 Orton Circle, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
EM pgarnder@usgs.gov
NR 60
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 45
BP 33
EP 49
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.02.010
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AH8GU
UT WOS:000336375800004
ER
PT J
AU Oliver, ALS
Croteau, MN
Stoiber, TL
Tejamaya, M
Romer, I
Lead, JR
Luoma, SN
AF Oliver, Ana Lopez-Serrano
Croteau, Marie-Noele
Stoiber, Tasha L.
Tejamaya, Mila
Roemer, Isabella
Lead, Jamie R.
Luoma, Samuel N.
TI Does water chemistry affect the dietary uptake and toxicity of silver
nanoparticles by the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis?
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Silver nanoparticles; Dietborne uptake; Bioavailability; Freshwater
invertebrate; Water chemistry
ID ENVIRONMENTALLY RELEVANT CONDITIONS; MANUFACTURED NANOMATERIALS;
HUMIC-ACID; BIOACCUMULATION; EXPOSURE; INVERTEBRATES; DISPERSION;
STABILITY; CITRATE; MEDIA
AB Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in many applications and likely released into the aquatic environment. There is increasing evidence that Ag is efficiently delivered to aquatic organisms from AgNPs after aqueous and dietary exposures. Accumulation of AgNPs through the diet can damage digestion and adversely affect growth. It is well recognized that aspects of water quality, such as hardness, affect the bioavailability and toxicity of waterborne Ag. However, the influence of water chemistry on the bioavailability and toxicity of dietborne AgNPs to aquatic invertebrates is largely unknown. Here we characterize for the first time the effects of water hardness and humic acids on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of AgNPs coated with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) to the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis after dietary exposures. Our results indicate that bioaccumulation and toxicity of Ag from PVP-AgNPs ingested with food are not affected by water hardness and by humic acids, although both could affect interactions with the biological membrane and trigger nanoparticle transformations. Snails efficiently assimilated Ag from the PVP-AgNPs mixed with diatoms (Ag assimilation efficiencies ranged from 82 to 93%). Rate constants of Ag uptake from food were similar across the entire range of water hardness and humic acid concentrations. These results suggest that correcting regulations for water quality could be irrelevant and ineffective where dietary exposure is important. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Oliver, Ana Lopez-Serrano] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Chem, Dept Analyt Chem, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Croteau, Marie-Noele; Luoma, Samuel N.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Stoiber, Tasha L.; Luoma, Samuel N.] Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Tejamaya, Mila; Roemer, Isabella; Lead, Jamie R.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Tejamaya, Mila] Univ Indonesia, Sch Publ Hlth, Depok, West Java, Indonesia.
[Lead, Jamie R.] Univ S Carolina, Ctr Environm Nanosci & Risk, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Croteau, MN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM mcroteau@usgs.gov
OI Romer, Isabella/0000-0003-3556-970X
FU US-UK Research Program, NanoBEE [EPA-G2008-STAR-R1]; Toxic Substance
Hydrology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; Spanish Ministry of
Research and Innovation [CTQ2011-28328-C02-02]
FX The authors thank two anonymous reviewers as well as M. Hornberger for
their critical comments on the manuscript. Funding for this work was
provided by a joint US-UK Research Program, NanoBEE (EPA-G2008-STAR-R1)
as well as the Toxic Substance Hydrology Program of the U.S. Geological
Survey. Authors also want to acknowledge a grant from the Spanish
Ministry of Research and Innovation (Project ATP-Toxbio, grant code
CTQ2011-28328-C02-02) for ALSO to reside and collaborate in the United
States during six months for this work.
NR 36
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 71
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 189
BP 87
EP 91
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.02.010
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH9MQ
UT WOS:000336466900012
PM 24641838
ER
PT J
AU Leppi, JC
Rinella, DJ
Wilson, RR
Loya, WM
AF Leppi, Jason C.
Rinella, Daniel J.
Wilson, Ryan R.
Loya, Wendy M.
TI Linking climate change projections for an Alaskan watershed to future
coho salmon production
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Chuitna watershed; climate change; coho salmon; hydrology
modeling; life-cycle modeling; Oncorhynchus kisutch; salmon life-cycles
ID EGG BURIAL DEPTHS; PACIFIC SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; CHINOOK SALMON;
LIFE-HISTORY; JUVENILE SALMONIDS; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; ATLANTIC SALMON;
SURVIVAL; STREAM
AB Climate change is predicted to dramatically change hydrologic processes across Alaska, but estimates of how these impacts will influence specific watersheds and aquatic species are lacking. Here, we linked climate, hydrology, and habitat models within a coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) population model to assess how projected climate change could affect survival at each freshwater life stage and, in turn, production of coho salmon smolts in three subwatersheds of the Chuitna (Chuit) River watershed, Alaska. Based on future climate scenarios and projections from a three-dimensional hydrology model, we simulated coho smolt production over a 20-year span at the end of the century (2080-2100). The direction (i.e., positive vs. negative) and magnitude of changes in smolt production varied substantially by climate scenario and subwatershed. Projected smolt production decreased in all three subwatersheds under the minimum air temperature and maximum precipitation scenario due to elevated peak flows and a resulting 98% reduction in egg-to-fry survival. In contrast, the maximum air temperature and minimum precipitation scenario led to an increase in smolt production in all three subwatersheds through an increase in fry survival. Other climate change scenarios led to mixed responses, with projected smolt production increasing and decreasing in different subwatersheds. Our analysis highlights the complexity inherent in predicting climate-change-related impacts to salmon populations and demonstrates that population effects may depend on interactions between the relative magnitude of hydrologic and thermal changes and their interactions with features of the local habitat.
C1 [Leppi, Jason C.; Wilson, Ryan R.; Loya, Wendy M.] Wilderness Soc, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Nat Heritage Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Wilson, Ryan R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Leppi, JC (reprint author), Wilderness Soc, 705 Christensen Dr, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
EM jason_leppi@tws.org
FU Wilderness Society; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX We would like to thank S. Mauger for scientific advice and help with
field work. L. Shaul and K. Koski for extended discussions on coho
survival rates and review of early manuscript drafts. P. Brna, D.
McBride, S. Sethi, J. Anderson, B. McCracken, S. Ivey, A. Rappoport, R.
Yanusz & M. Nemeth for extended discussions on coho life histories. R.
Hilborn and M. Scheuerell for advice on life-cycle modeling during early
phases of research development and ESRI for the use of their software.
Lastly, two anonymous reviewers for providing valuable comments on early
manuscripts drafts. Funding for this research was provided by The
Wilderness Society and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 75
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 46
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 6
BP 1808
EP 1820
DI 10.1111/gcb.12492
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH9SP
UT WOS:000336482700010
PM 24323577
ER
PT J
AU Engle, MA
Blondes, MS
AF Engle, Mark A.
Blondes, Madalyn S.
TI Linking compositional data analysis with thermodynamic geochemical
modeling: Oilfield brines from the Permian Basin, USA
SO JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Permian Basin; Produced water; Oilfield brine; Compositional data
analysis; Geochemical modeling
ID STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; NEW-MEXICO; SEAWATER; TEXAS; ORIGIN; WATER; BR;
SYSTEMATICS; CHEMISTRY; EVOLUTION
AB Compositional data analysis (CoDa) of sedimentary basin brines can help reveal the hydrogeochemical history of hydrocarbon producing formations. CoDa uses log-ratio transformations to convert compositional data into Euclidean space, a necessary assumption for many mathematical models and basic data interpretation. This paper demonstrates the novel approach of pairing CoDa with thermodynamic geochemical models for bivariate and multivariate subcompositions for a suite of brines within three producing formations from the Permian Basin, USA. Subcompositional analysis of basin brines using [Na, Cl, H2O] and [Ca, SO4, H2O] with corresponding equilibration models, plotted using isometric log-ratio (ilr) transformations, shows reaction with anhydrite and halite at depth. The [Na, Cl, Br] subcomposition often can discriminate between seawater evaporation and halite dissolution; the sparse Br data suggest that both processes occur. Principal component analysis (PCA) of centered log-ratio (clr) data is useful for visualizing combinations of processes that are not readily apparent in the two-solute models. PCA of the Permian Basin brines reveals distinct groups of data, including samples likely affected by water flooding, and others influenced by a combination of Late Permian seawater evaporation or halite dissolution coupled with Ca + Mg ion exchange for Na on clays. These relationships support a hydrogeologic model in which meteoric inflow occurs in a heterogeneous manner much more complicated than the previously suggested concept of west-to-east piston style flow. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Engle, Mark A.; Blondes, Madalyn S.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Engle, Mark A.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
RP Engle, MA (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
EM engle@usgs.gov
OI Engle, Mark/0000-0001-5258-7374
FU U.S. Geological Survey Energy Resources Program
FX Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey
Energy Resources Program (Brenda Pierce, Program Coordinator). The
authors would like to acknowledge Ricardo Olea (U. S. Geological Survey,
Reston, Virginia), Juan Jose Egozcue (Technical University of Catalonia,
Barcelona, Spain), and an anonymous reviewer for providing constructive
criticism and comment.
NR 45
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-6742
EI 1879-1689
J9 J GEOCHEM EXPLOR
JI J. Geochem. Explor.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 141
SI SI
BP 61
EP 70
DI 10.1016/j.gexplo.2014.02.025
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AI3QH
UT WOS:000336776500006
ER
PT J
AU Scavia, D
Allan, JD
Arend, KK
Bartell, S
Beletsky, D
Bosch, NS
Brandt, SB
Briland, RD
Daloglu, I
DePinto, JV
Dolan, DM
Evans, MA
Farmer, TM
Goto, D
Han, HJ
Hook, TO
Knight, R
Ludsin, SA
Mason, D
Michalak, AM
Richards, RP
Roberts, JJ
Rucinski, DK
Rutherford, E
Schwab, DJ
Sesterhenn, TM
Zhang, HY
Zhou, YT
AF Scavia, Donald
Allan, J. David
Arend, Kristin K.
Bartell, Steven
Beletsky, Dmitry
Bosch, Nate S.
Brandt, Stephen B.
Briland, Ruth D.
Daloglu, Irem
DePinto, Joseph V.
Dolan, David M.
Evans, Mary Anne
Farmer, Troy M.
Goto, Daisuke
Han, Haejin
Hoeoek, Tomas O.
Knight, Roger
Ludsin, Stuart A.
Mason, Doran
Michalak, Anna M.
Richards, R. Peter
Roberts, James J.
Rucinski, Daniel K.
Rutherford, Edward
Schwab, David J.
Sesterhenn, Timothy M.
Zhang, Hongyan
Zhou, Yuntao
TI Assessing and addressing the re-eutrophication of Lake Erie: Central
basin hypoxia
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE Lake Erie; Hypoxia; Phosphorus load targets; Best management practices
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; GULF-OF-MEXICO; MUSSEL DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA;
SEDIMENT OXYGEN-DEMAND; TOTAL PHOSPHORUS; WATER-QUALITY; SAGINAW BAY;
DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; UNITED-STATES; THERMAL STRUCTURE
AB Relieving phosphorus loading is a key management tool for controlling Lake Erie eutrophication. During the 1960s and 1970s, increased phosphorus inputs degraded water quality and reduced central basin hypolimnetic oxygen levels which, in turn, eliminated thermal habitat vital to cold-water organisms and contributed to the extirpation of important benthic macroinvertebrate prey species for fishes. In response to load reductions initiated in 1972, Lake Erie responded quickly with reduced water-column phosphorus concentrations, phytoplankton biomass, and bottom-water hypoxia (dissolved oxygen <2 mg/l). Since the mid-1990s, cyanobacteria blooms increased and extensive hypoxia and benthic algae returned. We synthesize recent research leading to guidance for addressing this re-eutrophication, with particular emphasis on central basin hypoxia. We document recent trends in key eutrophication-related properties, assess their likely ecological impacts, and develop load response curves to guide revised hypoxia-based loading targets called for in the 2012 Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. Reducing central basin hypoxic area to levels observed in the early 1990s (ca. 2000 km(2)) requires cutting total phosphorus loads by 46% from the 2003-2011 average or reducing dissolved reactive phosphorus loads by 78% from the 2005-2011 average. Reductions to these levels are also protective of fish habitat We provide potential approaches for achieving those new loading targets, and suggest that recent load reduction recommendations focused on western basin cyanobacteria blooms may not be sufficient to reduce central basin hypoxia to 2000 km(2). (C) 2014 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Scavia, Donald] Univ Michigan, Graham Sustainabil Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA.
[Allan, J. David; Daloglu, Irem; Rucinski, Daniel K.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Arend, Kristin K.] Old Woman Creek Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Div Wildlife, Huron, OH 44839 USA.
[Bartell, Steven] Cardno ENTRIX, Maryville, TN 37801 USA.
[Beletsky, Dmitry; Zhang, Hongyan] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Bosch, Nate S.] Grace Coll, Winona Lake, IN 46590 USA.
[Brandt, Stephen B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Briland, Ruth D.; Farmer, Troy M.; Ludsin, Stuart A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Aquat Ecol Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA.
[DePinto, Joseph V.; Rucinski, Daniel K.] LimnoTech, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Dolan, David M.] Univ Wisconsin, Green Bay, WI 54302 USA.
[Evans, Mary Anne] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Goto, Daisuke] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Han, Haejin] Korea Environm Inst, Seoul 122706, South Korea.
[Hoeoek, Tomas O.; Sesterhenn, Timothy M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Knight, Roger] Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Div Wildlife, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
[Mason, Doran; Rutherford, Edward] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Michalak, Anna M.; Zhou, Yuntao] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Richards, R. Peter] Heidelberg Univ, Natl Ctr Water Qual Res, Tiffin, OH 44883 USA.
[Roberts, James J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Schwab, David J.] Univ Michigan, Water Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA.
[Zhou, Yuntao] Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Scavia, D (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Graham Sustainabil Inst, 625 E Liberty, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA.
RI Zhou, Yuntao/J-4363-2014; Goto, Daisuke/F-7393-2013;
OI Goto, Daisuke/0000-0003-2668-1310; Evans, Mary Anne/0000-0002-1627-7210;
Arend, Kristin/0000-0003-1115-1050; Mason, Doran/0000-0002-6017-4243;
Rutherford, Edward/0000-0002-7282-6667; Beletsky,
Dmitry/0000-0003-4532-0588
FU NOAA Center for Coastal Sponsored Research EcoFore Lake Erie project
[13-005]; NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research
[NA070AR4320006, NA10NOS4780218, NA09NOS4780234]; NSF [0644648, 1313897,
1039043, 0927643]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Ohio Division of
Wildlife Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration [F-69-P]
FX This is publication 13-005 of the NOAA Center for Coastal Sponsored
Research EcoFore Lake Erie project, publication # 1681 from NOAA's Great
Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, and publication 1830 of the
U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. Support for portions
of the work reported in this manuscript was provided by the NOAA Center
for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research under awards NA07OAR4320006,
NA10NOS4780218, and NA09NOS4780234; by NSF grants 0644648, 1313897,
1039043 and 0927643; and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Ohio
Division of Wildlife Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration grant F-69-P.
The Heidelberg tributary datasets have been supported by many agencies
over their 38-year history, including USDA-NIFA, USDA-NRCS, the State of
Ohio, the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, the Joyce
Foundation, the Andersons, The Fertilizer Institute, and, in the past,
the U.S. EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The Lake Erie Central
Basin data sets used for hypoxia modeling came primarily from U.S.
EPA-GLNPO and Environment Canada monitoring programs. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 156
TC 74
Z9 79
U1 20
U2 238
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 40
IS 2
BP 226
EP 246
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2014.02.004
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TI
UT WOS:000336637300002
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JH
Waldt, EM
AF Johnson, James H.
Waldt, Emily M.
TI Examination of the influence of juvenile Atlantic salmon on the feeding
mode of juvenile steelhead in Lake Ontario tributaries
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic salmon; Steelhead; Diets; Lake Ontario
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; NEW-YORK; BROOK TROUT; HABITAT
USE; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; COMPARATIVE DIETS; CHINOOK SALMON; COHO
SALMON; SALAR L
AB We examined diets of 1204 allopatric and sympatric juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in three tributaries of Lake Ontario. The diet composition of both species consisted primarily of ephemeropterans, trichopterans, and chironomids, although juvenile steelhead consumed more terrestrial invertebrates, especially at the sympatric sites. Subyearlings of both species consumed small prey (i.e. chironomids) whereas large prey (i.e. perlids) made up a higher percentage of the diet of yearlings. The diet of juvenile steelhead at the allopatric sites was more closely associated with the composition of the benthos than with the drift, but was about equally associated with the benthos and drift at the sympatric sites. The diet of both subyearling and yearling Atlantic salmon was more closely associated with the benthos than the drift at the sympatric sites. The evidence suggests that juvenile steelhead may subtly alter their feeding behavior in sympatry with Atlantic salmon. This behavioral adaptation may reduce competitive interactions between these species. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Johnson, James H.; Waldt, Emily M.] US Geol Survey, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
RP Johnson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
EM jhjohnson@usgs.gov; emwaldt@syr.edu
FU U. S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center [1838]
FX We thank Tim Wallbridge for his assistance in the field and in the
laboratory. This article is contribution 1838 of the U. S. Geological
Survey Great Lakes Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not Imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 40
IS 2
BP 370
EP 376
DI 10.1016/j.jgir.2014.03.005
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TI
UT WOS:000336637300016
ER
PT J
AU Riley, SC
Binder, TR
Wattrus, NJ
Faust, MD
Janssen, J
Menzies, J
Marsden, JE
Ebener, MP
Bronte, CR
He, JX
Tucker, TR
Hansen, MJ
Thompson, HT
Muir, AM
Krueger, CC
AF Riley, Stephen C.
Binder, Thomas R.
Wattrus, Nigel J.
Faust, Matthew D.
Janssen, John
Menzies, John
Marsden, J. Ellen
Ebener, Mark P.
Bronte, Charles R.
He, Ji X.
Tucker, Taaja R.
Hansen, Michael J.
Thompson, Henry T.
Muir, Andrew M.
Krueger, Charles C.
TI Lake trout in northern Lake Huron spawn on submerged drumlins
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID NEW-YORK-STATE; SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; NATURAL REPRODUCTION; CURRENT
KNOWLEDGE; MICHIGAN; ONTARIO; SUPERIOR; HABITAT; RESTORATION; SURVIVAL
AB Recent observations of spawning lake trout Salvelinus namaycush near Drummond Island in northern Lake Huron indicate that lake trout use drumlins, landforms created in subglacial environments by the action of ice sheets, as a primary spawning habitat From these observations, we generated a hypothesis that may in part explain locations chosen by lake trout for spawning. Most salmonines spawn in streams where they rely on streamflows to sort and clean sediments to create good spawning habitat. Flows sufficient to sort larger sediment sizes are generally lacking in lakes, but some glacial bedforms contain large pockets of sorted sediments that can provide the interstitial spaces necessary for lake trout egg incubation, particularly if these bedforms are situated such that lake currents can penetrate these sediments. We hypothesize that sediment inclusions from glacial scavenging and sediment sorting that occurred during the creation of bedforms such as drumlins, end moraines, and eskers create suitable conditions for lake trout egg incubation, particularly where these bedforms interact with lake currents to remove fine sediments. Further, these bedforms may provide high-quality lake trout spawning habitat at many locations in the Great Lakes and may be especially important along the southern edge of the range of the species. A better understanding of the role of glacially-derived bedforms in the creation of lake trout spawning habitat may help develop powerful predictors of lake trout spawning locations, provide insight into the evolution of unique spawning behaviors by lake trout, and aid in lake trout restoration in the Great Lakes. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Riley, Stephen C.; Tucker, Taaja R.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Binder, Thomas R.] Michigan State Univ, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Wattrus, Nigel J.] Univ Minnesota, Large Lakes Observ, Duluth, MN 55812 USA.
[Wattrus, Nigel J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Geol Sci, Duluth, MN 55812 USA.
[Faust, Matthew D.; Muir, Andrew M.] Great Lakes Fishery Commiss, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Janssen, John] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA.
[Menzies, John] Brock Univ, Dept Earth Sci, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
[Marsden, J. Ellen] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Ebener, Mark P.] Chippewa Ottawa Resource Author, Sault Ste Marie, MI 49783 USA.
[Bronte, Charles R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Green Bay Natl Wildlife & Fish Conservat Off, New Franken, WI 54229 USA.
[He, Ji X.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Lake Huron Res Stn, Alpena, MI 49707 USA.
[Hansen, Michael J.; Thompson, Henry T.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Krueger, Charles C.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Riley, SC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM sriley@usgs.gov
OI Tucker, Taaja/0000-0003-1534-4677; Hansen, Michael/0000-0001-8522-3876
FU USGS Great Lakes Science Center [1841]; Contribution 1 of the Society
for Trout and Glacier Research (STAGR) [GL - 00E23010-3]
FX Funding was provided by the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through a
project awarded to the Great Lakes Fishery Commission. We thank C.
Holbrook, E. Larson, J. Van Effen, L. Lesmeister, M. Lancewicz, Z.
Holmes, D. Operhall, J. Osga, S. Meihls, C. Wright, B. Lamoreux, S.
Seegert, S. Farha, B. Maitland, K. Smith, and R. Darnton for their
technical assistance in conducting the acoustic telemetry study. Thanks
also to R. Reining, A. Handziak, D. Pine, and P. Barbeaux for their
assistance in procuring lake trout. We thank L. Mohr, R. Eshenroder, and
B. Lantry for their comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. The
use of trade names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by
the U. S. Government. This is Contribution 1841 of the USGS Great Lakes
Science Center and Contribution 1 of the Society for Trout and Glacier
Research (STAGR) (GL - 00E23010-3).
NR 73
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 40
IS 2
BP 415
EP 420
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2014.03.011
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TI
UT WOS:000336637300021
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XJ
Lee, M
Collett, T
Yang, SX
Guo, YQ
Wu, SG
AF Wang, Xiujuan
Lee, Myung
Collett, Timothy
Yang, Shengxiong
Guo, Yiqun
Wu, Shiguo
TI Gas hydrate identified in sand-rich inferred sedimentary section using
downhole logging and seismic data in Shenhu area, South China Sea (vol
51, pg 298, 2014)
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Wang, Xiujuan; Wu, Shiguo] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China.
[Lee, Myung; Collett, Timothy] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80255 USA.
[Yang, Shengxiong; Guo, Yiqun] MLR, Guangzhou Marine Geol Survey, Guangzhou 510075, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, XJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China.
EM wangxiujuan@qdio.ac.cn
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
EI 1873-4073
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 54
BP 141
EP 143
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.03.003
PG 3
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AI2TW
UT WOS:000336712000011
ER
PT J
AU Plumb, JM
Blanchfield, PJ
Abrahams, MV
AF Plumb, John M.
Blanchfield, Paul J.
Abrahams, Mark V.
TI A dynamic-bioenergetics model to assess depth selection and reproductive
growth by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Optimization; Boreal lakes; Climate change; Fish fitness; Thermal
stratification
ID THERMAL HABITAT USE; NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO; BIPHASIC GROWTH;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; FISH; TEMPERATURE; AREA; POPULATION; CONSEQUENCES;
MORTALITY
AB We coupled dynamic optimization and bioenergetics models to assess the assumption that lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) depth distribution is structured by temperature, food availability, and predation risk to maximize reproductive mass by autumn spawning. Because the model uses empirical daily thermal-depth profiles recorded in a small boreal shield lake (lake 373 at the Experimental Lakes Area, northwestern Ontario) during 2 years of contrasting thermal stratification patterns, we also assessed how climate-mediated changes in lakes may affect the vertical distribution, growth, and fitness of lake trout, a cold-water top predator. The depths of acoustic-tagged lake trout were recorded concurrently with thermal-depth profiles and were compared to model output, enabling an assessment of model performance in relation to the observed fish behavior and contrasting thermal conditions. The depths and temperatures occupied by simulated fish most closely resembled those of the tagged fish when risk of predation was included in the model, indicating the model may incorporate the most important underlying mechanisms that determine lake trout depth. Annual differences suggest less use of shallow (warm), productive habitats, resulting in markedly less reproductive mass, during the year with the warm stratification pattern. Mass for reproduction may be lower in warmer conditions because of reduced reproductive investment, yet survival may be inadvertently higher because risky surface waters may be avoided more often in warmer, shallower, and metabolically costly conditions. At a minimum our study suggests that lake trout reproductive mass and fitness may be expected to change under the anticipated longer and warmer stratification patterns.
C1 [Plumb, John M.; Abrahams, Mark V.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Zool, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
[Plumb, John M.; Blanchfield, Paul J.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Expt Lakes Area, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada.
[Plumb, John M.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Abrahams, Mark V.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Biol Sci, St John, NF A1B 3X7, Canada.
[Abrahams, Mark V.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Ocean Sci, St John, NF A1B 3X7, Canada.
RP Plumb, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jplumb@usgs.gov
OI Abrahams, Mark/0000-0002-9969-2988
FU Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Program (Natural Resources Canada)
[A968]; ELA Graduate Fellowship Fund; University of Manitoba
FX We are grateful to Lori Tate and numerous ELA summer students for
assisting with fish tagging and data collection, to Kris Vascotto for
the bathymetric survey work, and to Cheryl Podemski and field crew for
temperature data. This study was funded by the Climate Change Impacts
and Adaptation Program (Natural Resources Canada, project no. A968), and
we thank Drs Ken Minns and Brian Shuter for project coordination. J.M.P.
received scholarships from the ELA Graduate Fellowship Fund and the
University of Manitoba. We are grateful to Drs Brenda Hann and Ray
Hesslein for their constructive input on this research, and to Dennis
Rondorf, Joseph Benjamin, Brett van Poorten, and other anonymous
reviewers for insightful comments on earlier versions of this
manuscript. All research was approved by the Freshwater Institute Animal
Care Committee.
NR 54
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 6
U2 31
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
EI 1432-1939
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 175
IS 2
BP 549
EP 563
DI 10.1007/s00442-014-2934-6
PG 15
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH8HT
UT WOS:000336378800011
PM 24682254
ER
PT J
AU Giblin, SM
Houser, JN
Sullivan, JF
Langrehr, HA
Rogala, JT
Campbell, BD
AF Giblin, Shawn M.
Houser, Jeffrey N.
Sullivan, John F.
Langrehr, Heidi A.
Rogala, James T.
Campbell, Benjamin D.
TI Thresholds in the Response of Free-Floating Plant Abundance to Variation
in Hydraulic Connectivity, Nutrients, and Macrophyte Abundance in a
Large Floodplain River
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mississippi River; Free-floating plants; Duckweed; Nitrogen; Phosphorus;
Connectivity
ID UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; AQUATIC MACROPHYTES; INORGANIC NITROGEN; LAKES;
PHOSPHORUS; VEGETATION; ECOSYSTEM; DUCKWEED; DITCHES; WETLAND
AB Duckweed and other free-floating plants (FFP) can form dense surface mats that affect ecosystem condition and processes, and can impair public use of aquatic resources. FFP obtain their nutrients from the water column, and the formation of dense FFP mats can be a consequence and indicator of river eutrophication. We conducted two complementary surveys of diverse aquatic areas of the Upper Mississippi River as an in situ approach for estimating thresholds in the response of FFP abundance to nutrient concentration and physical conditions in a large, floodplain river. Local regression analysis was used to estimate thresholds in the relations between FFP abundance and phosphorus (P) concentration (0.167 mg l(-1)), nitrogen (N) concentration (0.808 mg l(-1)), water velocity (0.095 m s(-1)), and aquatic macrophyte abundance (65 % cover). FFP tissue concentrations suggested P limitation was more likely in spring, N limitation was more likely in late summer, and N limitation was most likely in backwaters with minimal hydraulic connection to the channel. The thresholds estimated here, along with observed patterns in nutrient limitation, provide river scientists and managers with criteria to consider when attempting to modify FFP abundance in off-channel areas of large river systems.
C1 [Giblin, Shawn M.; Langrehr, Heidi A.; Campbell, Benjamin D.] Mississippi River Monitoring Field Stn, Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Sullivan, John F.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Houser, Jeffrey N.; Rogala, James T.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
RP Giblin, SM (reprint author), Mississippi River Monitoring Field Stn, Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM sgiblin@usgs.gov
RI Borde, Katalin/C-3536-2015;
OI Houser, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3295-3132
FU Upper Mississippi River Restoration-Environmental Management
Program's-Long Term Resource Monitoring Program; U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers
FX We thank Kraig Hoff and Andy Bartels for sampling and technical
assistance. Thanks to Brian Ickes for assistance with statistical
analysis. We thank John Barko and Barry Johnson for their review of the
manuscript. This project was funded by the Upper Mississippi River
Restoration-Environmental Management Program's-Long Term Resource
Monitoring Program element, which is a multi-federal and state agency
partnership funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and administered
by the U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences
Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 47
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
EI 1943-6246
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 3
BP 413
EP 425
DI 10.1007/s13157-013-0508-8
PG 13
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7CA
UT WOS:000336288800001
ER
PT J
AU Mills, M
Nicol, S
Wells, JA
Lahoz-Monfort, JJ
Wintle, B
Bode, M
Wardrop, M
Walshe, T
Probert, WJM
Runge, MC
Possingham, HP
Madden, EM
AF Mills, Morena
Nicol, Sam
Wells, Jessie A.
Lahoz-Monfort, Jose J.
Wintle, Brendan
Bode, Michael
Wardrop, Martin
Walshe, Terry
Probert, William J. M.
Runge, Michael C.
Possingham, Hugh P.
Madden, Eve Mcdonald
TI Minimizing the Cost of Keeping Options Open for Conservation in a
Changing Climate
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE coastal squeeze; multiple objectives; spatial planning; uncertainty;
compresion del litoral; incertidumbre; objetivos multiples; planeacion
espacial
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; COASTAL ZONES; MANAGEMENT
AB Policy documents advocate that managers should keep their options open while planning to protect coastal ecosystems from climate-change impacts. However, the actual costs and benefits of maintaining flexibility remain largely unexplored, and alternative approaches for decision making under uncertainty may lead to better joint outcomes for conservation and other societal goals. For example, keeping options open for coastal ecosystems incurs opportunity costs for developers. We devised a decision framework that integrates these costs and benefits with probabilistic forecasts for the extent of sea-level rise to find a balance between coastal ecosystem protection and moderate coastal development. Here, we suggest that instead of keeping their options open managers should incorporate uncertain sea-level rise predictions into a decision-making framework that evaluates the benefits and costs of conservation and development. In our example, based on plausible scenarios for sea-level rise and assuming a risk-neutral decision maker, we found that substantial development could be accommodated with negligible loss of environmental assets. Characterization of the Pareto efficiency of conservation and development outcomes provides valuable insight into the intensity of trade-offs between development and conservation. However, additional work is required to improve understanding of the consequences of alternative spatial plans and the value judgments and risk preferences of decision makers and stakeholders. Minimizando el Costo de Mantener Opciones Abiertas para la Conservacion en un Clima Cambiante
Resumen Los documentos de politica abogan que los administradores deben mantener sus opciones abiertas mientras planean proteger a los ecosistemas costeros de los impactos del cambio climatico. Sin embargo, el beneficio de mantener la flexibilidad permanece en su mayoria sin explorar y los acercamientos alternativos para la toma de decisiones bajo incertidumbre pueden llevar a mejores resultados conjuntos para la conservacion y otras metas sociales. Por ejemplo, mantener las opciones abiertas para los ecosistemas costeros incurre en costos de oportunidad para los desarrolladores. Disenamos un marco de trabajo de decision que integra estos costos con pronosticos de probabilidad para la extension del aumento en el nivel del mar para encontrar un balance entre la proteccion del ecosistema costero y el desarrollo costero moderado. Aqui sugerimos que en lugar de mantener sus opciones abiertas, los administradores deben incorporar predicciones inciertas del aumento en el nivel del mar en el marco de toma de decisiones que evalue los beneficios y los costos de la conservacion y el desarrollo. En nuestro ejemplo, basado en escenarios plausibles del aumento del nivel del mar y suponiendo que participa alguien que toma decisiones neutral al riesgo, encontramos que el desarrollo sustancial puede acomodarse con la perdida despreciable de bienes ambientales. La caracterizacion de la eficiencia de Pareto de la conservacion y los resultados del desarrollo proporcionaron una perspicacia valiosa para la intensidad de los equilibrios entre el desarrollo y la conservacion. Sin embargo, se requiere trabajo adicional para mejorar el entendimiento de las consecuencias de los planes espaciales alternativos y los juicios de valor y las preferencias de riesgo de los tomadores de decisiones y las partes interesadas.
C1 [Mills, Morena] Univ Queensland, Global Change Inst, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Nicol, Sam; Madden, Eve Mcdonald] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Ecosci Precinct, Dutton Pk, Qld 4102, Australia.
[Nicol, Sam; Wells, Jessie A.; Probert, William J. M.; Possingham, Hugh P.; Madden, Eve Mcdonald] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Environm Decis, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Lahoz-Monfort, Jose J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Bot, Natl Environm Res Program, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Wintle, Brendan; Bode, Michael; Walshe, Terry] Univ Melbourne, Sch Bot, Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Environm Decis, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Wardrop, Martin] Dept Sustainabil Environm & Water Populat & Commu, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
[Runge, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Mills, M (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Global Change Inst, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM morena.mills@uq.edu.au
RI Nicol, Samuel/I-1074-2012; Wells, Jessie/F-7318-2010; Mills,
Morena/C-6546-2013; Possingham, Hugh/B-1337-2008;
OI Nicol, Samuel/0000-0002-1160-7444; Wells, Jessie/0000-0002-3555-5108;
Mills, Morena/0000-0001-9865-0770; Possingham, Hugh/0000-0001-7755-996X;
Runge, Michael/0000-0002-8081-536X; Lahoz-Monfort, Jose
Joaquin/0000-0002-0845-7035
FU Australian Research Council; National Environment Research Program
Decisions Hub
FX H.P., M.B., and M.M. acknowledge the Australian Research Council for
funding support. J.J.L.M. was supported by the National Environment
Research Program Decisions Hub.
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 35
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 3
BP 646
EP 653
DI 10.1111/cobi.12238
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH0KR
UT WOS:000335809300009
PM 24476155
ER
PT J
AU Hill, JM
Diefenbach, DR
AF Hill, Jason M.
Diefenbach, Duane R.
TI Occupancy Patterns of Regionally Declining Grassland Sparrow Populations
in a Forested Pennsylvania Landscape
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ammodramus sparrows; area sensitivity; fragmentation effects;
perimeter-area ratio; population declines; reclaimed surface mine
grasslands; Declinacion de poblaciones; efectos de la fragmentacion;
gorriones Ammodramus; pastizales de minas superficiales reclamadas;
radio perimetro-area; sensibilidad de area
ID PATCH SIZE; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; BIRD COMMUNITIES; AREA SENSITIVITY;
BREEDING BIRDS; UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; PRAIRIE; VEGETATION;
ABUNDANCE
AB Organisms can be affected by processes in the surrounding landscape outside the boundary of habitat areas and by local vegetation characteristics. There is substantial interest in understanding how these processes affect populations of grassland birds, which have experienced substantial population declines. Much of our knowledge regarding patterns of occupancy and density stem from prairie systems, whereas relatively little is known regarding how occurrence and abundance of grassland birds vary in reclaimed surface mine grasslands. Using distance sampling and single-season occupancy models, we investigated how the occupancy probability of Grasshopper (Ammodramus savannarum) and Henslow's Sparrows (A. henslowii) on 61 surface mine grasslands (1591 ha) in Pennsylvania changed from 2002 through 2011 in response to landscape, grassland, and local vegetation characteristics . A subset (n = 23; 784 ha) of those grasslands were surveyed in 2002, and we estimated changes in sparrow density and vegetation across 10 years. Grasshopper and Henslow's Sparrow populations declined 72% and 49%, respectively from 2002 to 2011, whereas overall woody vegetation density increased 2.6 fold. Henslow's Sparrows avoided grasslands with perimeter-area ratios >= 0.141 km/ha and woody shrub densities >= 0.04 shrubs/m(2). Both species occupied grasslands <= 13 ha, but occupancy probability declined with increasing grassland perimeter-area ratio and woody shrub density. Grassland size, proximity to nearest neighboring grassland (x = 0.2 km), and surrounding landscape composition at 0.5, 1.5, and 3.0 km were not parsimonious predictors of occupancy probability for either species. Our results suggest that reclaimed surface mine grasslands, without management intervention, are ephemeral habitats for Grasshopper and Henslow's Sparrows. Given the forecasted decline in surface coal production for Pennsylvania, it is likely that both species will continue to decline in our study region for the foreseeable future.
C1 [Hill, Jason M.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Diefenbach, Duane R.] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Hill, JM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM jmh656@psu.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Pennsylvania Game Commission; Pennsylvania
Audubon
FX We thank the U.S. Geological Survey, the Pennsylvania Game Commission,
and Pennsylvania Audubon for funding this project and R. Golden, K.
Carlsen, and landowners who made this research possible. Comments from
T. Bayard, T. Wagner, T. Langkilde, R. Brooks, M. Patten, M. Burgman,
and 2 anonymous reviewers improved this manuscript. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 51
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 48
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 3
BP 735
EP 744
DI 10.1111/cobi.12210
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH0KR
UT WOS:000335809300018
PM 24423190
ER
PT J
AU Allen, CR
Angeler, DG
Garmestani, AS
Gunderson, LH
Holling, CS
AF Allen, Craig R.
Angeler, David G.
Garmestani, Ahjond S.
Gunderson, Lance H.
Holling, C. S.
TI Panarchy: Theory and Application
SO ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE complex systems; discontinuities; novelty; regime; resilience;
social-ecological systems; transformations
ID CITY SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; COMPLEX-SYSTEMS; REGIME SHIFTS; ECOLOGICAL
RESILIENCE; FUNCTIONAL RICHNESS; RELATIVE RESILIENCE; TEMPORAL SCALES;
SOCIAL-SYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CORAL-REEFS
AB The concept of panarchy provides a framework that characterizes complex systems of people and nature as dynamically organized and structured within and across scales of space and time. It has been more than a decade since the introduction of panarchy. Over this period, its invocation in peer-reviewed literature has been steadily increasing, but its use remains primarily descriptive and abstract. Here, we discuss the use of the concept in the literature to date, highlight where the concept may be useful, and discuss limitations to the broader applicability of panarchy theory for research in the ecological and social sciences. Finally, we forward a set of testable hypotheses to evaluate key propositions that follow from panarchy theory.
C1 [Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Angeler, David G.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Garmestani, Ahjond S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Gunderson, Lance H.] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Holling, C. S.] Resilience Ctr, Nanaimo, BC, Canada.
RP Allen, CR (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM allencr@unl.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University
of Nebraska-Lincoln; United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife
Management Institute; August T. Larsson Foundation of the Swedish
University of Agricultural Sciences; U.S. Geological Survey John Wesley
Powell Center
FX An earlier version of this manuscript was improved by comments from K.
Nash, T. Spanbauer, and two anonymous reviewers. We also thank Bev
Gunderson for graphics support. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement
between the U.S. Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks
Commission, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the United States Fish
and Wildlife Service and the Wildlife Management Institute. The views
expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily
represent those of the United States Government or U.S. EPA. We
gratefully acknowledge funding from the August T. Larsson Foundation of
the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and the U.S. Geological
Survey John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis.
NR 87
TC 33
Z9 36
U1 13
U2 118
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-9840
EI 1435-0629
J9 ECOSYSTEMS
JI Ecosystems
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 4
BP 578
EP 589
DI 10.1007/s10021-013-9744-2
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH8OO
UT WOS:000336397600002
ER
PT J
AU Bradford, JB
Schlaepfer, DR
Lauenroth, WK
AF Bradford, John B.
Schlaepfer, Daniel R.
Lauenroth, William K.
TI Ecohydrology of Adjacent Sagebrush and Lodgepole Pine Ecosystems: The
Consequences of Climate Change and Disturbance
SO ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Artemisia tridentata; bark beetles; Pinus contorta; plant-climate
interactions; plant-soil interactions; wildfire
ID SUB-ALPINE FOREST; SOIL-WATER DYNAMICS; ECOLOGICAL BOUNDARIES; TREE
MORTALITY; PONDEROSA PINE; ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; UNITED-STATES; DIE-OFF;
HYDRAULIC REDISTRIBUTION; NUTRIENT OUTFLOW
AB Sagebrush steppe and lodgepole pine forests are two of the most widespread vegetation types in the western United States and they play crucial roles in the hydrologic cycle of these water-limited regions. We used a process-based ecosystem water model to characterize the potential impact of climate change and disturbance (wildfire and beetle mortality) on water cycling in adjacent sagebrush and lodgepole pine ecosystems. Despite similar climatic and topographic conditions between these ecosystems at the sites examined, lodgepole pine, and sagebrush exhibited consistent differences in water balance, notably more evaporation and drier summer soils in the sagebrush and greater transpiration and less water yield in lodgepole pine. Canopy disturbances (either fire or beetle) have dramatic impacts on water balance and availability: reducing transpiration while increasing evaporation and water yield. Results suggest that climate change may reduce snowpack, increase evaporation and transpiration, and lengthen the duration of dry soil conditions in the summer, but may have uncertain effects on drainage. Changes in the distribution of sagebrush and lodgepole pine ecosystems as a consequence of climate change and/or altered disturbance regimes will likely alter ecosystem water balance.
C1 [Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Schlaepfer, Daniel R.; Lauenroth, William K.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Bradford, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM jbradford@usgs.gov
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011; Schlaepfer, Daniel/D-1756-2009
OI Schlaepfer, Daniel/0000-0001-9973-2065
FU McIntire-Stennis; Wyoming Water Development Commission; US Geological
Survey; National Science Foundation
FX Eddy covariance and soil moisture data from Chimney Park presented in
Appendix 4 were generously provided by Elise Pendall and Brent Ewers,
processed by David Reed (all University of Wyoming), with funding
support from McIntire-Stennis, Wyoming Water Development Commission, US
Geological Survey and National Science Foundation through Emerging
Topics in Biogeochemical Cycles. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the US Government.
NR 94
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 51
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-9840
EI 1435-0629
J9 ECOSYSTEMS
JI Ecosystems
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 4
BP 590
EP 605
DI 10.1007/s10021-013-9745-1
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH8OO
UT WOS:000336397600003
ER
PT J
AU Perakis, SS
Matkins, JJ
Hibbs, DE
Huso, M
AF Perakis, Steven S.
Matkins, Joselin J.
Hibbs, David E.
Huso, Manuela
TI N-2-Fixing Red Alder Indirectly Accelerates Ecosystem Nitrogen Cycling
(vol 15, pg 1182, 2012)
SO ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Matkins, Joselin J.; Hibbs, David E.; Huso, Manuela] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Matkins, Joselin J.] Teton Reg Land Trust, Driggs, ID 83422 USA.
RP Perakis, SS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM sperakis@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-9840
EI 1435-0629
J9 ECOSYSTEMS
JI Ecosystems
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 4
BP 750
EP 750
DI 10.1007/s10021-014-9746-8
PG 1
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH8OO
UT WOS:000336397600014
ER
PT J
AU Majewski, MS
Coupe, RH
Foreman, WT
Capel, PD
AF Majewski, Michael S.
Coupe, Richard H.
Foreman, William T.
Capel, Paul D.
TI PESTICIDES IN MISSISSIPPI AIR AND RAIN: A COMPARISON BETWEEN 1995 AND
2007
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pesticides; Air; Rain; Deposition flux
ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; HERBICIDE USE
PATTERNS; RIVER VALLEY; GLYPHOSATE; VOLATILIZATION; ATMOSPHERE;
DEPOSITION; RESISTANCE; TOXAPHENE
AB A variety of current-use pesticides were determined in weekly composite air and rain samples collected during the 1995 and 2007 growing seasons in the Mississippi Delta (MS, USA) agricultural region. Similar sampling and analytical methods allowed for direct comparison of results. Decreased overall pesticide use in 2007 relative to 1995 generally resulted in decreased detection frequencies in air and rain; observed concentration ranges were similar between years, however, even though the 1995 sampling site was 500m from active fields whereas the 2007 sampling site was within 3 m of a field. Mean concentrations of detections were sometimes greater in 2007 than in 1995, but the median values were often lower. Seven compounds in 1995 and 5 in 2007 were detected in 50% of both air and rain samples. Atrazine, metolachlor, and propanil were detected in 50% of the air and rain samples in both years. Glyphosate and its degradation product, aminomethyl-phosphonic acid (AMPA), were detected in 75% of air and rain samples in 2007 but were not measured in 1995. The 1995 seasonal wet depositional flux was dominated by methyl parathion (88%) and was >4.5 times the 2007 flux. Total herbicide flux in 2007 was slightly greater than in 1995 and was dominated by glyphosate. Malathion, methyl parathion, and degradation products made up most of the 2007 nonherbicide flux. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:1283-1293. (c) 2014 SETAC
C1 [Majewski, Michael S.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Coupe, Richard H.] US Geol Survey, Pearl, MS USA.
[Foreman, William T.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Capel, Paul D.] US Geol Survey, Minneapolis, MN USA.
RP Majewski, MS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM majewski@usgs.gov
FU US Geographical Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program; Toxic
Substances Hydrology Program; National Water Quality Laboratory
FX We thank M. Manning for sample collection assistance; F. Wiebe and R.
ReVello for analysis of the 1995 and 2007 air samples, respectively; and
the additional National Water Quality Laboratory staff members who
prepared and analyzed the rain samples from both studies. Financial
support was provided by the US Geographical Survey National Water
Quality Assessment Program, the Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, and
the National Water Quality Laboratory.
NR 48
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 15
U2 46
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 6
BP 1283
EP 1293
DI 10.1002/etc.2550
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AH2FM
UT WOS:000335936900006
PM 24549493
ER
PT J
AU Chizinski, CJ
Martin, DR
Pope, KL
Barada, TJ
Schuckman, JJ
AF Chizinski, Christopher J.
Martin, Dustin R.
Pope, Kevin L.
Barada, Tony J.
Schuckman, Jeffrey J.
TI Angler effort and catch within a spatially complex system of small lakes
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Angler survey; Fisheries; Recreational angling; Survey design
ID CREEL SURVEY; RECREATIONAL-FISHERIES; LANDSCAPES; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY;
COLLAPSE
AB Spatial layout of waterbodies and waterbody size can affect a creel clerk's ability to intercept anglers for interviews and to accurately count anglers, which will affect the accuracy and precision of estimates of effort and catch. This study aimed to quantify angling effort and catch across a spatially complex system of 19 small (<100 ha) lakes, the Fremont lakes. Total ( SE) angling effort (hours) on individual lakes ranged from 0 (0) to 7,137 (305). Bank anglers utilized 18 of the 19 lakes, and their mean ( SE) trip lengths (hours) ranged from 0.80 (0.31) to 7.75 (6.75), depending on the waterbody. In contrast, boat anglers utilized 14 of the 19 lakes, and their trip lengths ranged from 1.39 (0.24) to 4.25 (0.71), depending on the waterbody. The most sought fishes, as indexed by number of lakes on which effort was exerted, were anything (17 of 19 lakes), largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (15 of 19 lakes), and channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (13 of 19 lakes). Bluegill Lepomis machrochirus, crappie Pomoxis spp., and largemouth bass were caught most frequently across the lakes, but catch rates varied considerably by lake. Of the 1,138 parties interviewed, most parties (93%) visited a single lake but there were 77 (7%) parties that indicated that they had visited multiple lakes during a single day. The contingent of parties that visited more than one lake a day were primarily (87%) bank anglers.. The number of lake-to-lake connections made by anglers visiting more than one waterbody during a single day was related to catch rates and total angling effort. The greater resolution that was achieved with a lake specific creel survey at Fremont lakes revealed a system of lakes with a large degree of spatial variation in angler effort and catch that would be missed by a coarser, system-wide survey that did not differentiate individual lakes. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chizinski, Christopher J.; Martin, Dustin R.] Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Chizinski, Christopher J.; Martin, Dustin R.; Pope, Kevin L.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Pope, Kevin L.] US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Barada, Tony J.] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Schuckman, Jeffrey J.] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Norfolk, NE 68701 USA.
RP Chizinski, CJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM cchizinski2@unl.edu
RI Pope, Kevin/D-8096-2011;
OI Pope, Kevin/0000-0003-1876-1687; Chizinski,
Christopher/0000-0001-9294-2588
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University
of Nebraska; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management
Institute
FX We thank Shelby Sidel and Phil Stollberg for assistance in the field,
and Brian Van Zee for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this
manuscript. This project was funded by Federal Aid in Sport Fish
Restoration project F-182-R, which was administered by the Nebraska Game
and Parks Commission. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
jointly supported by a cooperative agreement among the U.S. Geological
Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of
Nebraska, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife
Management Institute.
NR 28
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 154
BP 172
EP 178
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2014.02.013
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AH4RZ
UT WOS:000336117000018
ER
PT J
AU Lorenson, TD
Wong, FL
Dartnell, P
Sliter, RW
AF Lorenson, Thomas D.
Wong, Florence L.
Dartnell, Peter
Sliter, Ray W.
TI Greenhouse gases generated from the anaerobic biodegradation of natural
offshore asphalt seepages in southern California
SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Gas in Marine Sediments
CY SEP 04-07, 2012
CL Nice, FRANCE
ID COAL-OIL-POINT; MARINE HYDROCARBON SEEPS; SANTA-BARBARA CHANNEL; DEEP
SUBSURFACE; PETROLEUM RESERVOIRS; ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; CRUDE-OIL;
SEA-LEVEL; BASIN; COMPONENTS
AB Significant offshore asphaltic deposits with active seepage occur in the Santa Barbara Channel offshore southern California. The composition and isotopic signatures of gases sampled from the oil and gas seeps reveal that the coexisting oil in the shallow subsurface is anaerobically biodegraded, generating CO2 with secondary CH4 production. Biomineralization can result in the consumption of as much as 60% by weight of the original oil, with C-13 enrichment of CO2. Analyses of gas emitted from asphaltic accumulations or seeps on the seafloor indicate up to 11% CO2 with C-13 enrichment reaching +24.8aEuro degrees. Methane concentrations range from less than 30% up to 98% with isotopic compositions of -34.9 to -66.1aEuro degrees. Higher molecular weight hydrocarbon gases are present in strongly varying concentrations reflecting both oil-associated gas and biodegradation; propane is preferentially biodegraded, resulting in an enriched C-13 isotopic composition as enriched as -19.5aEuro degrees. Assuming the 132 million barrels of asphaltic residues on the seafloor represent similar to 40% of the original oil volume and mass, the estimated gas generated is 5.0x10(10) kg (similar to 76x10(9) m(3)) CH4 and/or 1.4x10(11) kg CO2 over the lifetime of seepage needed to produce the volume of these deposits. Geologic relationships and oil weathering inferences suggest the deposits are of early Holocene age or even younger. Assuming an age of similar to 1,000 years, annual fluxes are on the order of 5.0x10(7) kg (similar to 76x10(6) m(3)) and/or 1.4x10(8) kg for CH4 and CO2, respectively. The daily volumetric emission rate (2.1x10(5) m(3)) is comparable to current CH4 emission from Coal Oil Point seeps (1.5x10(5) m(3)/day), and may be a significant source of both CH4 and CO2 to the atmosphere provided that the gas can be transported through the water column.
C1 [Lorenson, Thomas D.; Dartnell, Peter; Sliter, Ray W.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Wong, Florence L.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Lorenson, TD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM tlorenson@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management,
Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE) [M08PG20013]; U.S. Geological
Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center of the BOEM
Environmental Studies Program
FX This study was funded in part by the U.S. Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE),
through an Interagency Agreement No. M08PG20013 with the U.S. Geological
Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, as part of the BOEM
Environmental Studies Program. Mary Elaine Helix helped to initiate this
study with Keith Kvenvolden (USGS, emeritus), and served deftly as the
BOEM Contract Officer Representative. We thank the many people
associated with UCSB and the USGS who contributed in many ways to this
project. Of special note are the contributions of Jamie Glover, Jonathan
Borden, Gerry Hatcher, and Sarah Doty who piloted the R/V Parke Snavely
and the ROV used in this study, and acted as electronic technicians
among many other duties. We also thank the captains and crews of the R/V
Shearwater, R/V Zephyr, R/V Garibaldi, and R/V Atlantis with ROV Jason
for their participation. Ira Leifer and Ian MacDonald provided helpful
reviews that enhanced this manuscript.
NR 58
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0276-0460
EI 1432-1157
J9 GEO-MAR LETT
JI Geo-Mar. Lett.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 2-3
BP 281
EP 295
DI 10.1007/s00367-014-0359-1
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA AH8MU
UT WOS:000336392800014
ER
PT J
AU Garcia, AF
Mahan, SA
AF Garcia, Antonio F.
Mahan, Shannon A.
TI The notion of climate-driven strath-terrace production assessed via
dissimilar stream-process response to late Quaternary climate
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Strath terrace; Climatic forcing; Gabilan Mesa; Central Coast Ranges;
California
ID CALIFORNIA COAST RANGES; FLUVIAL TERRACES; WASHINGTON-STATE;
SINGLE-ALIQUOT; RIVER; BEDROCK; SEDIMENT; INCISION; LUMINESCENCE; VALLEY
AB Previous research results from the Gabilan Mesa are combined with new optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) age estimates and sedimentological analyses with the aim of identifying factors that inhibit climate-driven strath-terrace production, and factors that make possible strath-terrace production independent of climate forcing. The factors are revealed by comparing the morphostratigraphy and OSL age estimates of terraces in the adjacent San Lorenzo Creek and Pancho Rico Creek drainage basins of the central California Coast Ranges. OSL age estimates on San Lorenzo Creek fill-terrace alluvium overlying bedrock at two paleofluvial levels range between 50.5 and 41.3 ka and between 33.4 and 18.2 ka. These OSL age estimates indicate that although the channel of Pancho Rico Creek was degrading at these times, San Lorenzo Creek aggradation was synchronous with previously documented regional, climatically driven aggradation that elsewhere in southern California led to strath production and alluvial deposition. The regional-scale climate forcing events had different effects on San Lorenzo and Pancho Rico Creeks because of the influences of drainage-basin lithology on bedload size and tectonic tilting direction on base-level fall. The Holocene history of channel denudation and strath production of Pancho Rico Creek is also different from that of San Lorenzo Creek, and different from that of many other streams in southern California. After Pancho Rico Creek captured the upper part of the drainage basin of San Lorenzo Creek sometime after 15.5 to 11.7 ka, Pancho Rico Creek has been producing unpaired, erosional strath terraces. The weak, clay rich, fine-grained sedimentary rock underlying Pancho Rico Valley is an ideal substrate in which to form straths. The meandering channel of Pancho Rico Creek produces straths, and weathering resistant, relatively hard bedload introduced by stream capture ensures their preservation as strath terraces. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Garcia, Antonio F.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA.
[Mahan, Shannon A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Garcia, AF (reprint author), Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA.
OI Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774
NR 57
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 214
BP 223
EP 244
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.02.008
PG 22
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AH7WI
UT WOS:000336345700018
ER
PT J
AU Staley, DM
Wasklewicz, TA
Kean, JW
AF Staley, Dennis M.
Wasklewicz, Thad A.
Kean, Jason W.
TI Characterizing the primary material sources and dominant erosional
processes for post-fire debris-flow initiation in a headwater basin
using multi-temporal terrestrial laser scanning data
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Wildfire; Debris flow; Geomorphic change detection; Erosion; San Gabriel
Mountains; California
ID DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS; FLUVIAL SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SOUTHERN
CALIFORNIA; PHYSICAL EXPLANATION; DEPOSITION VOLUMES; DRAINAGE DENSITY;
TERRAIN MODEL; ALLUVIAL FANS; BURNED AREAS; NEW-MEXICO
AB Wildfire dramatically alters the hydrologic response of a watershed such that even modest rainstorms can produce hazardous debris flows. Relative to shallow landslides, the primary sources of material and dominant erosional processes that contribute to post-fire debris-flow initiation are poorly constrained. Improving our understanding of how and where material is eroded from a watershed during a post-fire debris-flow requires (1) precise measurements of topographic change to calculate volumetric measurements of erosion and deposition, and (2) the identification of relevant morphometrically defined process domains to spatially constrain these measurements of erosion and deposition. In this study, we combine the morphometric analysis of a steep, small (0.01 km(2)) headwater drainage basin with measurements of topographic change using high-resolution (2.5 cm) multi-temporal terrestrial laser scanning data made before and after a post-fire debris flow. The results of the morphometric analysis are used to define four process domains: hillslope-divergent, hillslope-convergent, transitional, and channelized incision. We determine that hillslope-divergent and hillslope-convergent process domains represent the primary sources of material over the period of analysis in the study basin. From these results we conclude that raindrop-impact induced erosion, ravel, surface wash, and tilling are the primary erosional processes contributing to post-fire debris-flow initiation in the small, steep headwater basin. Further work is needed to determine (1) how these results vary with increasing drainage basin size, (2) how these data might scale upward for use with coarser resolution measurements of topography, and (3) how these results change with evolving sediment supply conditions and vegetation recovery. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Staley, Dennis M.; Kean, Jason W.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Wasklewicz, Thad A.] E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC USA.
RP Staley, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 250466,MS966 DFC, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM dstaley@usgs.gov
OI Kean, Jason/0000-0003-3089-0369
FU National Geographic Society [002929-2009-0046-1]; National Science
Foundation [02-39749, 09-34131]; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Landslide
Hazards Program
FX This work was supported by the National Geographic Society Proposal #
002929-2009-0046-1, National Science Foundation Grant Nos. 02-39749 and
09-34131 and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Landslide Hazards
Program. Jeff Coe (USGS), John Moody (USGS), Kerry Tompkins (CSIRO) and
an anonymous reviewer provided insightful comments and suggestions which
have greatly improved this manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 91
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 214
BP 324
EP 338
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.02.015
PG 15
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AH7WI
UT WOS:000336345700024
ER
PT J
AU Gray, AB
Warrick, JA
Pasternack, GB
Watson, EB
Goni, MA
AF Gray, A. B.
Warrick, J. A.
Pasternack, G. B.
Watson, E. B.
Goni, M. A.
TI Suspended sediment behavior in a coastal dry-summer subtropical
catchment: Effects of hydrologic preconditions
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Suspended sediment transport; Rating curves; Antecedent conditions;
Small mountainous rivers; Arid rivers
ID LOCALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION; SMALL MOUNTAINOUS RIVERS; ISABENA EBRO
BASIN; RATING CURVES; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; TRANSPORT; CHANNEL; DYNAMICS;
DISCHARGE; STORAGE
AB Variation in fluvial suspended sediment-discharge behavior is generally thought to be the product of changes in processes governing the delivery of sediment and water to the channel. The objective of this study was to infer sediment supply dynamics from the response of suspended sediment behavior to antecedent hydrologic factors. The Salinas River (California) is seasonally active, moderately sized, and potentially susceptible to lasting impacts of hydrologic event history because of aridity, high discharge variability, and in-channel terminating flows. Forty-five years of suspended sediment data from the lower Salinas and 80 years of hydrologic data were used to construct hydrologic descriptors of basin preconditioning and to test the effects of these preconditions on suspended sediment behavior. Hydrologic precondition factors - including change in mean daily discharge and increasing elapsed time since the last moderate discharge event (similar to 10-20 times mean discharge (Q(mean))) - were found to have significant positive effects on discharge-corrected, fine suspended-sediment concentrations. Conversely, increased elapsed time since the last low discharge event (similar to 0.1-0.4 times Q(mean)) and the sum of low flow conditions over interannual time scales were found to cause significant negative trends in fine suspended sediment concentration residuals. Suspended sand concentrations are suppressed by increased elapsed time after threshold discharges of similar to 0.1-2 and 5-100 times Q(mean), and increased low to no flow days over time scales from 1 to 2000 days. Current and previous year water yield and precipitation magnitudes correlate positively with sand concentration. Addition of fine sediment from lower Salinas hillslope or channel sources on the rising limb of the hydrograph is the major mechanism behind an overall positive hysteretic pattern, which was forensically supported by the annual occurrence of in-channel suspended sediment deposition by early season, channel terminating flows and by the flushing function of moderate hydrologic events found in this study. The importance of hillslope and/or channel fine sediment contributions proximal to the lower Salinas are further highlighted by the lack of control exerted by upper subbasin water provenance on fine suspended sediment concentration, while sand behavior is differentiated by upper basin water provenance. Investigation of suspension of bed-sized sediment showed that the channel bed could exert significant effects on fine and sand-sized suspended sediment dynamics, but this mediation for fine sediment was most likely small in terms of decadal-scale sediment budgets. The magnitude of the effects of hydrologic variables on sediment dynamics remains uncertain, but the factors identified here may play a significant role in water quality, if not long-term sediment flux to the ocean. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gray, A. B.; Pasternack, G. B.; Watson, E. B.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Warrick, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Goni, M. A.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Gray, AB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM abgray@ucdavis.edu
RI Goni, Miguel/E-4456-2014; Pasternack, Gregory/B-8619-2012;
OI Pasternack, Gregory/0000-0002-1977-4175; Goni,
Miguel/0000-0001-7682-8064
FU National Science Foundation [0628385]; Hydrologic Sciences Graduate
Group at the University of California at Davis; USDA National Institute
of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project [CA-D-LAW-7034-H]
FX This research was funded largely by the National Science Foundation
under award No. 0628385 and secondarily by the Hydrologic Sciences
Graduate Group at the University of California at Davis. This project
was also supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and
Agriculture, Hatch project number #CA-D-LAW-7034-H. Any opinions,
findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material
are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
funding institutions. We thank Peter Barnes, Sarah Greve, Duyen Ho,
Olivia Oseguera, Larissa Salaki, and the Elkhorn Slough National
Estuarine Research Reserve for laboratory and field assistance, and
Rocko Brown for fruitful discussion. This manuscript was significantly
improved on the basis of suggestions by Michael Church, one anonymous
reviewer, and Editor Richard Marston.
NR 79
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 214
BP 485
EP 501
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.03.009
PG 17
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AH7WI
UT WOS:000336345700036
ER
PT J
AU Coplen, TB
Qi, HP
Tarbox, L
Lorenz, J
Buck, B
AF Coplen, Tyler B.
Qi, Haiping
Tarbox, Lauren
Lorenz, Jennifer
Buck, Bryan
TI USGS46 Greenland Ice Core Water - A New Isotopic Reference Material for
d(2)H and d(18)O Measurements of Water
SO GEOSTANDARDS AND GEOANALYTICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE oxygen isotopes; hydrogen isotopes; quality assurance; quality control;
isotopes de l'oxygene; isotopes de l'hydrogene; assurance qualite;
controle qualite
ID RATIO ANALYSIS
AB Ice core from Greenland was melted, filtered, homogenised, loaded into glass ampoules, sealed, autoclaved to eliminate biological activity, and calibrated by dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. This isotopic reference material (RM), USGS46, is intended as one of two secondary isotopic reference waters for daily normalisation of stable hydrogen (H-2) and stable oxygen (O-18) isotopic analysis of water with a mass spectrometer or a laser absorption spectrometer. The measured H-2 and O-18 values of this reference water were -235.80.7 parts per thousand and -29.80 +/- 0.03 parts per thousand, respectively, relative to VSMOW on scales normalised such that the H-2 and O-18 values of SLAP reference water are, respectively, -428 and -55.5 parts per thousand. Each uncertainty is an estimated expanded uncertainty (U=2u(c)) about the reference value that provides an interval that has about a 95-percent probability of encompassing the true value. This reference water is available in cases containing 144 glass ampoules that are filled with either 4ml or 5ml of water per ampoule.
Une carotte de glace du Groenland a ete fondue, filtree, homogeneisee, chargee dans des ampoules en verre scellees, passee dans un autoclave afin d'eliminer l'activite biologique, et enfin calibree par spectrometrie de masse de rapport isotopique a double entree. Ce materiau de reference isotopique (RM) USGS46, est prevu pour etre l'une des deux eaux de reference isotopique secondaire pour la normalisation quotidienne des analyses des isotopes stable de l'hydrogene (H-2) et de l'oxygene (O-18) des eaux avec un spectrometre de masse ou un spectrometre d'absorption laser. Les valeurs mesurees H-2 et O-18 de cette eau de reference sont respectivement -235,8 +/- 0,7 parts per thousand et -29,80 +/- 0,03 parts per thousand, par rapport au VSMOW et a des echelles normalisees de telle facon que les valeurs H-2 et O-18 de l'eau de reference SLAP soient respectivement -428 et -55,5 parts per thousand. Chaque incertitude qui est une incertitude elargie estimee (U=2u(c)) sur la valeur de reference fournit un intervalle ayant une probabilite d'environ 95 pour cent d'englober la valeur reelle. Cette eau de reference est disponible dans des caisses contenant 144 ampoules de verre qui sont remplis avec 4 ou 5 ml d'eau par ampoule.
C1 [Coplen, Tyler B.; Qi, Haiping; Tarbox, Lauren; Lorenz, Jennifer; Buck, Bryan] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Coplen, TB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM tbcoplen@usgs.gov
OI Lorenz, Jennifer/0000-0002-5826-7264
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1639-4488
EI 1751-908X
J9 GEOSTAND GEOANAL RES
JI Geostand. Geoanal. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 2
BP 153
EP 157
DI 10.1111/j.1751-908X.2013.00267.x
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AH5ZN
UT WOS:000336210400003
ER
PT J
AU Hopkins, CB
McIntosh, JC
Eastoe, C
Dickinson, JE
Meixner, T
AF Hopkins, Candice B.
McIntosh, Jennifer C.
Eastoe, Chris
Dickinson, Jesse E.
Meixner, Thomas
TI Evaluation of the importance of clay confining units on groundwater flow
in alluvial basins using solute and isotope tracers: the case of Middle
San Pedro Basin in southeastern Arizona (USA)
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Confining units; Groundwater age; Hydrochemistry; Numerical modeling;
USA
ID AQUIFER; RECHARGE; FLUORIDE; DIOXIDE; CARBON; STATES
AB As groundwater becomes an increasingly important water resource worldwide, it is essential to understand how local geology affects groundwater quality, flowpaths and residence times. This study utilized multiple tracers to improve conceptual and numerical models of groundwater flow in the Middle San Pedro Basin in southeastern Arizona (USA) by determining recharge areas, compartmentalization of water sources, flowpaths and residence times. Ninety-five groundwater and surface-water samples were analyzed for major ion chemistry (water type and Ca/Sr ratios) and stable (O-18, H-2, C-13) and radiogenic (H-3, C-14) isotopes, and resulting data were used in conjunction with hydrogeologic information (e.g. hydraulic head and hydrostratigraphy). Results show that recent recharge (< 60 years) has occurred within mountain systems along the basin margins and in shallow floodplain aquifers adjacent to the San Pedro River. Groundwater in the lower basin fill aquifer (semi confined) was recharged at high elevation in the fractured bedrock and has been extensively modified by water-rock reactions (increasing F and Sr, decreasing C-14) over long timescales (up to 35,000 years BP). Distinct solute and isotope geochemistries between the lower and upper basin fill aquifers show the importance of a clay confining unit on groundwater flow in the basin, which minimizes vertical groundwater movement.
C1 [Hopkins, Candice B.; McIntosh, Jennifer C.; Meixner, Thomas] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Eastoe, Chris] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Dickinson, Jesse E.] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Hopkins, Candice B.] US Geol Survey, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
RP Hopkins, CB (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM chopkins@usgs.gov; mcintosh@hwr.arizona.edu
RI Dickinson, Jesse/I-7177-2016
OI Dickinson, Jesse/0000-0002-0048-0839
FU Arizona Department of Water Resources Rural Watershed Initiative; USGS
Arizona Water Science Center; University of Arizona
FX The landowners and citizens of the Middle San Pedro Basin, Arizona, are
thanked for their assistance with this study. Funding for this project
was provided by the Arizona Department of Water Resources Rural
Watershed Initiative, the USGS Arizona Water Science Center, and the
University of Arizona. Many thanks to the USGS reviewers who contributed
to this report.
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
EI 1435-0157
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 4
BP 829
EP 849
DI 10.1007/s10040-013-1090-0
PG 21
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AH6VH
UT WOS:000336269500007
ER
PT J
AU Schwindt, AR
Winkelman, DL
Keteles, K
Murphy, M
Vajda, AM
AF Schwindt, Adam R.
Winkelman, Dana L.
Keteles, Kristen
Murphy, Mark
Vajda, Alan M.
TI An environmental oestrogen disrupts fish population dynamics through
direct and transgenerational effects on survival and fecundity
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE freshwater; endocrine disruption; North America; transgenerational;
population ecology; fish; 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol; mesocosm;
Pimephales promelas
ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; PLATTE RIVER-BASIN; FATHEAD MINNOW;
REPRODUCTIVE FAILURE; SYNTHETIC ESTROGEN; DANIO-RERIO; EXPOSURE;
ZEBRAFISH; 17-ALPHA-ETHINYLESTRADIOL; BIODIVERSITY
AB Increased need for water and projected declines in precipitation due to climate change could leave waterways increasingly dominated by wastewater effluent. Understanding how components of wastewater influence fish populations is necessary for effective conservation and management. Despite research demonstrating effects of oestrogens, such as 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2), on fish physiology and population failure, the generality of population responses is uncertain and the underlying mechanisms affecting population declines are unknown. EE2 is the steroid oestrogen in human contraceptive pills and has been measured up to 11ng L-1 in the environment. We identify disrupted population dynamics due to direct and transgenerational effects on survival and fecundity. We conducted a year-long study on three generations of fathead minnows Pimephales promelas Rafinesque in aquatic mesocosms and laboratory aquaria. We added environmentally relevant concentrations of EE2 daily using a static renewal, which approximates a pulsed exposure that fish experience in natural systems. EE2 (3 center dot 2ng L-1) reduced F0 male survival to 17% (48% lower than controls) and juvenile production by 40% compared to controls. F1 fish continuously exposed to EE2 failed to reproduce, and reproduction of the F1 transferred to clean water was 70-99% less than controls. F2 larval survival, exposed only as germ cells in their parents, was reduced by 51-97% compared to controls. The indirect effect on F2 survival suggests the possibility of transgenerational effects of EE2. Synthesis and applications. Our results suggest that fish populations exposed to environmentally relevant 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2) concentrations may not recover from exposure. Management of short-lived highly fecund fishes should be prioritized to protect fish from the embryo through gonadal differentiation. Reducing effluent will not be possible in many situations; hence, conservation of breeding and rearing habitat in unpolluted tributaries or reaches is needed. Additionally, resource managers could enhance habitat connectivity in rivers to facilitate immigration. Finally, investment in advanced wastewater processing technology should improve removal of bioactive chemicals such as EE2. Our results provide a baseline for regulatory agencies to consider when assessing the ecological effects of environmental oestrogens, and our approach to evaluating population-level effects could be widely applied to other contaminants.
C1 [Schwindt, Adam R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Winkelman, Dana L.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Keteles, Kristen; Murphy, Mark] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
[Vajda, Alan M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA.
RP Schwindt, AR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM ar.schwindt@gmail.com
FU Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife; US EPA Region [8]; US EPA
Office of Research and Development, NHEERL, Cincinnati, OH; Colorado
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; United States EPA
[95785501]
FX We thank Chris Myrick, David Pratt, Dane Whicker, Nick Shannon, Ashley
Ficke, William Clements, Jim Lazorchak, The US EPA Region 8 Laboratory,
and Gabriele Engler, for technical assistance. David Walters, Dan
Villeneuve, and Jim Lazorchak and three anonymous reviewers provided
helpful comments on the manuscript. Funding: Colorado Division of Parks
and Wildlife; US EPA Region 8; US EPA Office of Research and
Development, NHEERL, Cincinnati, OH; and The Colorado Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit. Although the research described in this
publication has been funded in part by the United States EPA through
Interagency Agreement #95785501 to the USGS Colorado Fish and Wildlife
Cooperative Research Unit, it has not been subject to the Agency's
peer-review policy and does not necessarily reflect the views of the
EPA. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 35
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 17
U2 98
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 3
BP 582
EP 591
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12237
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH2PA
UT WOS:000335962200004
ER
PT J
AU Shoemaker, KT
Lacy, RC
Verant, ML
Brook, BW
Livieri, TM
Miller, PS
Fordham, DA
Akcakaya, HR
AF Shoemaker, Kevin T.
Lacy, Robert C.
Verant, Michelle L.
Brook, Barry W.
Livieri, Travis M.
Miller, Philip S.
Fordham, Damien A.
Akcakaya, H. Resit
TI Effects of prey metapopulation structure on the viability of
black-footed ferrets in plague-impacted landscapes: a metamodelling
approach
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sensitivity analysis; oscillatory population dynamics; connectivity;
spatial structure; disease spread; predator-prey interactions
ID TAILED PRAIRIE-DOG; MUSTELA-NIGRIPES; SOUTH-DAKOTA; HABITAT
FRAGMENTATION; CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; POPULATION VIABILITY; RESOURCE
SELECTION; CONATA BASIN; CONSERVATION; DISEASE
AB Species interactions have been largely ignored in extinction risk assessment. However, the black-footed ferret Mustela nigripes exemplifies a class of endangered species for which strong species interactions cannot be ignored. This species is an obligate predator of prairie dogs Cynomys spp., and sylvatic plague Yersinia pestis epizootics threaten to undermine recovery efforts by functionally eliminating the prey base. Multispecies 'metamodelling' techniques offer new opportunities for exploring population dynamics under strong species interdependencies and disease. To investigate ferret extinction risk in plague-affected landscapes, we simultaneously modelled plague epidemiological processes, prairie dog metapopulation dynamics and ferret demographic responses. Ferret population dynamics were investigated at an important release site (Conata Basin in South Dakota) and for 500 artificial prey landscapes spanning a wide range of realistic colony configurations (e.g. total area, # colonies, spatial clustering) and demographic characteristics. Our simulation models indicate that ferrets are unlikely to persist through episodes of plague at Conata Basin unless they can access prey resources from a wider region or unless management actions can otherwise substantially reduce plague transmission. We show that large, diffuse prairie dog metapopulations (those with colonies spread over a region >2500km(2)) are most likely to support ferret populations in plague-affected landscapes. Our results also highlight the potential importance of metapopulation connectivity in fuelling plague epizootics and thereby imperilling black-footed ferret conservation efforts. We describe a cycle (c. 5- to 25-year period) of plague-driven population crashes that is an emergent property of our models, and which can destabilize ferret populations. Synthesis and applications. On the basis of our models, we conclude that few North American prairie dog complexes cover sufficient land area to sustain black-footed ferret populations through plague-driven crashes in prey abundance. Consequently, our results underscore the importance of working with many constituents to conserve large prairie dog landscapes in addition to continued development of plague mitigation tools. In addition, the strong relationship between plague-induced oscillatory prey cycles and predator population persistence highlights the potential conservation benefits of imposing strategic barriers to connectivity in areas over which plague outbreak cycles are strongly synchronous.
C1 [Shoemaker, Kevin T.; Akcakaya, H. Resit] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Lacy, Robert C.] Chicago Zool Soc, Brookfield, IL 60513 USA.
[Verant, Michelle L.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Brook, Barry W.; Fordham, Damien A.] Univ Adelaide, Inst Environm, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
[Brook, Barry W.; Fordham, Damien A.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
[Livieri, Travis M.] Prairie Wildlife Res, Wellington, CO 80549 USA.
[Miller, Philip S.] IUCN SSC Conservat Breeding Specialist Grp, Apple Valley, MN 55124 USA.
RP Akcakaya, HR (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM Resit.Akcakaya@stonybrook.edu
RI Brook, Barry/G-2686-2011; Fordham, Damien/E-9255-2013
OI Brook, Barry/0000-0002-2491-1517; Fordham, Damien/0000-0003-2137-5592
FU NSF [DEB-1146198]; Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP120101019,
FT100100200]; ARC [DP1096427, FS110200051]
FX This study was supported by NSF grant DEB-1146198. BWB was supported by
Australian Research Council (ARC) grants DP120101019 and FT100100200.
DAF was supported by ARC grant DP1096427 and ARC fellowship FS110200051.
M. Aiello-Lammens wrote the R scripts for data exchange between R and
RAMAS. Thanks to D.E. Biggins, M.R. Matchett and three anonymous
reviewers for helpful comments and discussion.
NR 66
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 12
U2 117
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 3
BP 735
EP 745
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12223
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH2PA
UT WOS:000335962200020
ER
PT J
AU Hartman, MD
Baron, JS
Ewing, HA
Weathers, KC
AF Hartman, Melannie D.
Baron, Jill S.
Ewing, Holly A.
Weathers, Kathleen C.
TI Combined global change effects on ecosystem processes in nine US
topographically complex areas
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecosystem models; DayCent-Chem; Carbon sequestration; Greenhouse gases;
Nitrogen deposition; Climate warming; Nitrate
ID ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN DEPOSITION; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; GENERALIZED-MODEL; CO2;
TEMPERATE; EMISSIONS; GROWTH
AB Concurrent changes in climate, atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, and increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) affect ecosystems in complex ways. The DayCent-Chem model was used to investigate the combined effects of these human-caused drivers of change over the period 1980-2075 at seven forested montane and two alpine watersheds in the United States. Net ecosystem production (NEP) increased linearly with increasing N deposition for six out of seven forested watersheds; warming directly increased NEP at only two of these sites. Warming reduced soil organic carbon storage at all sites by increasing heterotrophic respiration. At most sites, warming together with high N deposition increased nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions enough to negate the greenhouse benefit of soil carbon sequestration alone, though there was a net greenhouse gas sink across nearly all sites mainly due to the effect of CO2 fertilization and associated sequestration by plants. Over the simulation period, an increase in atmospheric CO2 from 350 to 600 ppm was the main driver of change in net ecosystem greenhouse gas sequestration at all forested sites and one of two alpine sites, but an additional increase in CO2 from 600 to 760 ppm produced smaller effects. Warming either increased or decreased net greenhouse gas sequestration, depending on the site. The N contribution to net ecosystem greenhouse gas sequestration averaged across forest sites was only 5-7 % and was negligible for the alpine. Stream nitrate (NO3 (-)) fluxes increased sharply with N-loading, primarily at three watersheds where initial N deposition values were high relative to terrestrial N uptake capacity. The simulated results displayed fewer synergistic responses to warming, N-loading, and CO2 fertilization than expected. Overall, simulations with DayCent-Chem suggest individual site characteristics and historical patterns of N deposition are important determinants of forest or alpine ecosystem responses to global change.
C1 [Hartman, Melannie D.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Baron, Jill S.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Ewing, Holly A.] Bates Coll, Environm Studies Program, Lewiston, ME 04240 USA.
[Weathers, Kathleen C.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA.
RP Hartman, MD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM melannie.hartman@colostate.edu
RI Baron, Jill/C-5270-2016
OI Baron, Jill/0000-0002-5902-6251
FU EPA Clean Air Markets Division; National Park Service Air Resources
Division; US Geological Survey
FX Funding was provided by the EPA Clean Air Markets Division, the National
Park Service Air Resources Division, and the US Geological Survey. We
thank Amanda Elliot Lindsey for the graphics, and Lois St. Brice for her
help with the Acadia simulations. We are grateful to the editor and the
anonymous reviewers for very helpful comments. This is a product of the
USGS Western Mountain Initiative.
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 54
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
EI 1573-515X
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 1-3
BP 85
EP 108
DI 10.1007/s10533-014-9950-9
PG 24
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AH3MR
UT WOS:000336028400007
ER
PT J
AU Stelzer, RS
Scott, JT
Bartsch, LA
Parr, TB
AF Stelzer, Robert S.
Scott, J. Thad
Bartsch, Lynn A.
Parr, Thomas. B.
TI Particulate organic matter quality influences nitrate retention and
denitrification in stream sediments: evidence from a carbon burial
experiment
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Linked biogeochemical cycles; Nitrogen processing; Groundwater;
Microbes; Decomposition; DOC
ID FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS; HYPORHEIC ZONE; POTENTIAL DENITRIFICATION; LEAF
DECOMPOSITION; AQUATIC FUNGI; RED MAPLE; LAND-USE; FLUORESCENCE;
NITROGEN; DYNAMICS
AB Organic carbon supply is linked to nitrogen transformation in ecosystems. However, the role of organic carbon quality in nitrogen processing is not as well understood. We determined how the quality of particulate organic carbon (POC) influenced nitrogen transformation in stream sediments by burying identical quantities of varying quality POC (northern red oak (Quercus rubra) leaves, red maple (Acer rubrum) leaves, red maple wood) in stream mesocosms and measuring the effects on nitrogen retention and denitrification compared to a control of combusted sand. We also determined how POC quality affected the quantity and quality of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved oxygen concentration in groundwater. Nitrate and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) retention were assessed by comparing solute concentrations and fluxes along groundwater flow paths in the mesocosms. Denitrification was measured by in situ changes in N-2 concentrations (using MIMS) and by acetylene block incubations. POC quality was measured by C:N and lignin:N ratios and DOC quality was assessed by fluorescence excitation emission matrix spectroscopy. POC quality had strong effects on nitrogen processing. Leaf treatments had much higher nitrate retention, TDN retention and denitrification rates than the wood and control treatments and red maple leaf burial resulted in higher nitrate and TDN retention rates than burial of red oak leaves. Leaf, but not wood, burial drove pore water to severe hypoxia and leaf treatments had higher DOC production and different DOC chemical composition than the wood and control treatments. We think that POC quality affected nitrogen processing in the sediments by influencing the quantity and quality of DOC and redox conditions. Our results suggest that the type of organic carbon inputs can affect the rates of nitrogen transformation in stream ecosystems.
C1 [Stelzer, Robert S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Oshkosh, WI 54901 USA.
[Scott, J. Thad] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Bartsch, Lynn A.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Parr, Thomas. B.] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME 04473 USA.
RP Stelzer, RS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol & Microbiol, 800 Algoma Blvd, Oshkosh, WI 54901 USA.
EM stelzer@uwosh.edu; jts004@uark.edu; lbartsch@usgs.gov;
thomas.parr@maine.edu
OI Parr, Thomas/0000-0001-6838-0204
FU University of Wisconsin Water Resources Institute through the Wisconsin
Groundwater Coordinating Council
FX We thank Courtney Heling, Mike Louison, Alyssa McCumber and Erin Grantz
for technical assistance. Will Cook at Duke University conducted the CN
analysis and Jeff Merriam at the United States Forest Service performed
the DOC and DON analysis. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their
comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by a grant from
the University of Wisconsin Water Resources Institute through the
Wisconsin Groundwater Coordinating Council. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 80
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 12
U2 88
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
EI 1573-515X
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 1-3
BP 387
EP 402
DI 10.1007/s10533-014-9975-0
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AH3MR
UT WOS:000336028400025
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, MA
Sage, GK
DeWilde, RL
Lopez, JA
Talbot, SL
AF Campbell, Matthew A.
Sage, George K.
DeWilde, Rachel L.
Lopez, J. Andres
Talbot, Sandra L.
TI Development and characterization of 16 polymorphic microsatellite loci
for the Alaska blackfish (Esociformes: Dallia pectoralis)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Esociformes; Dallia; 454 sequencing; Microsatellite loci
ID SOFTWARE
AB Blackfishes (Esociformes: Esocidae: Dallia), small fishes with relictual distributions, are unique in being the only primary freshwater fish genus endemic to Beringia. Although the number of species of Dallia is debated, disjunct populations and distinct mitochondrial divisions that predate the end of the last glacial maximum are apparent. We developed sixteen polymorphic microsatellites from the Alaska blackfish (Dallia pectoralis) to study genetic diversity in Dallia. Genotypes from two populations, Denali (n = 31) and Bethel (n = 35), demonstrated the usefulness of the loci for population-level investigation. Observed and expected heterozygosity averaged 18.6 and 19.8 % in Denali and 61.1 and 63.7 % in Bethel. Number of alleles at each locus averaged 3.50 in Denali and 9.63 in Bethel. The observed signature of variability and structuring between populations is consistent with mitochondrial data.
C1 [Campbell, Matthew A.; DeWilde, Rachel L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Sage, George K.; Talbot, Sandra L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Lopez, J. Andres] Univ Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Lopez, J. Andres] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Campbell, MA (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, 101 Murie Bldg,982 North Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM macampbell2@alaska.edu
FU Alaska Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (AK
EPSCoR); Discover Denali graduate fellowship; Institute of Arctic
Biology summer fellowship; United States Geological Survey Alaska
Science Center; Department of Biology and Wildlife at the University of
Alaska Fairbanks; National Science Foundation Research Initiation Grant
FX The Alaska Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (AK
EPSCoR) funded work by RLD and MAC, and 454 sequencing. MAC was also
supported by a Discover Denali graduate fellowship, and an Institute of
Arctic Biology summer fellowship. Additional funding was provided by the
United States Geological Survey Alaska Science Center, the Department of
Biology and Wildlife at the University of Alaska Fairbanks and a
National Science Foundation Research Initiation Grant to JAL (for
enriched library cloning and sequencing). We wish to thank Dr. Naoki
Takebayashi for allowing MAC to use his computational resources. The
University of Alaska Museum and the United States Fish and Wildlife
Service Yukon-Kuskokwim National Wildlife Refuge provided specimens. Lee
Tibbitts and Ann Riddle provided reviews of this manuscript prior to
submission. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not
constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
EI 1877-7260
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 2
BP 349
EP 351
DI 10.1007/s12686-013-0091-6
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AH2OA
UT WOS:000335959600027
ER
PT J
AU Dominguez-Contreras, JF
Munguia-Vega, A
Ceballos-Vazquez, BP
Arellano-Martinez, M
Culver, M
AF Dominguez-Contreras, J. F.
Munguia-Vega, A.
Ceballos-Vazquez, B. P.
Arellano-Martinez, M.
Culver, M.
TI Characterization of microsatellite loci from two-spotted octopus Octopus
bimaculatus Verrill 1883 from pyrosequencing reads
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine connectivity; Gulf of California; Octopus; Mexican Pacific;
Next-generation sequencing
AB We characterized 22 novel microsatellite loci in the two-spotted octopus Octopus bimaculatus using 454 pyrosequencing reads. All loci were polymorphic and will be used in studies of marine connectivity aimed at increasing sustainability of the resource. The mean number alleles per locus was 13.09 (range 7-19) and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.50 to 1.00. Four loci pairs were linked and three deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Eighteen and 12 loci were polymorphic in Octopus bimaculoides and Octopus hubbsorum, respectively.
C1 [Dominguez-Contreras, J. F.; Ceballos-Vazquez, B. P.; Arellano-Martinez, M.] Inst Politecn Nacl CICIMAR, La Paz 23096, BCS, Mexico.
[Munguia-Vega, A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Conservat Genet Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Munguia-Vega, A.] Comunidad & Biodiversidad AC, Guaymas 85448, Sonora, Mexico.
[Culver, M.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Conservat Genet Lab,US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Dominguez-Contreras, JF (reprint author), Inst Politecn Nacl CICIMAR, Av Inst Politecn Nacl S-N, La Paz 23096, BCS, Mexico.
EM fradoco@gmail.com
RI Dominguez-Contreras, Jose Francisco/B-7893-2016;
OI Dominguez-Contreras, Jose Francisco/0000-0002-4081-9630;
Ceballos-Vazquez, Bertha/0000-0003-4031-6221
FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation via the PANGAS project; Western
Society of Malacologists; SIP projects [20120971, 20121594, 20130059,
20130089, CONACyT 108230]; CONACyT; PIFI-IPN
FX We thank staff from Pronatura Noroeste A. C., Comunidad y Biodiversidad
A. C. and the Intercultural Center for the Study of Deserts and Oceans
(CEDO A. C.), Funding was provided by The David and Lucile Packard
Foundation via the PANGAS project (http://pangas.arizona.edu), the
Western Society of Malacologists, and the SIP projects: 20120971,
20121594, 20130059, 20130089, CONACyT 108230. JFDC receive scholarships
from CONACyT and PIFI-IPN and the results here presented are part of his
Ph.D dissertation.
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
EI 1877-7260
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 2
BP 465
EP 468
DI 10.1007/s12686-013-0128-x
PG 4
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AH2OA
UT WOS:000335959600057
ER
PT J
AU Fiske, IJ
Royle, JA
Gross, K
AF Fiske, Ian J.
Royle, J. Andrew
Gross, Kevin
TI Inference for finite-sample trajectories in dynamic multi-state
site-occupancy models using hidden Markov model smoothing
SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Amphibians; Finite-sample trajectory; Hidden Markov model; Occupancy;
Trend estimation; Wildlife
ID AMPHIBIAN-MONITORING-PROGRAM; PROBABILISTIC FUNCTIONS; MULTIPLE STATES;
EXTINCTION; EXTENSION; UNCERTAIN; TRENDS
AB Ecologists and wildlife biologists increasingly use latent variable models to study patterns of species occurrence when detection is imperfect. These models have recently been generalized to accommodate both a more expansive description of state than simple presence or absence, and Markovian dynamics in the latent state over successive sampling seasons. In this paper, we write these multi-season, multi-state models as hidden Markov models to find both maximum likelihood estimates of model parameters and finite-sample estimators of the trajectory of the latent state over time. These estimators are especially useful for characterizing population trends in species of conservation concern. We also develop parametric bootstrap procedures that allow formal inference about latent trend. We examine model behavior through simulation, and we apply the model to data from the North American Amphibian Monitoring Program.
C1 [Fiske, Ian J.; Gross, Kevin] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Royle, J. Andrew] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 12100 USA.
RP Gross, K (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM kevin_gross@ncsu.edu
OI Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 08-42101]
FX We thank Linda Weir of PWRC for providing NAAMP data, and we thank John
Monahan, Brian Reich and Len Stefanski for constructive comments and
discussion. IJF and KG were supported by Grant DEB 08-42101 from the
National Science Foundation.
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1352-8505
EI 1573-3009
J9 ENVIRON ECOL STAT
JI Environ. Ecol. Stat.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
BP 313
EP 328
DI 10.1007/s10651-013-0256-1
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
Statistics & Probability
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics
GA AH3OM
UT WOS:000336033800007
ER
PT J
AU Geist, EL
Parsons, T
AF Geist, Eric L.
Parsons, Tom
TI Undersampling power-law size distributions: effect on the assessment of
extreme natural hazards
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Extreme natural hazards; Catalog; Empirical; Power law; Undersampling;
Pareto; Probability
ID CHARACTERISTIC EARTHQUAKE DISTRIBUTION; GUTENBERG-RICHTER DISTRIBUTION;
FLOOD-FREQUENCY-ANALYSIS; TSUNAMI HAZARD; TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE;
RISK-ASSESSMENT; SEISMIC HAZARD; FOREST-FIRES; MAGNITUDE; MODEL
AB The effect of undersampling on estimating the size of extreme natural hazards from historical data is examined. Tests using synthetic catalogs indicate that the tail of an empirical size distribution sampled from a pure Pareto probability distribution can range from having one-to-several unusually large events to appearing depleted, relative to the parent distribution. Both of these effects are artifacts caused by limited catalog length. It is more difficult to diagnose the artificially depleted empirical distributions, since one expects that a pure Pareto distribution is physically limited in some way. Using maximum-likelihood methods and the method of moments, we estimate the power-law exponent and the corner size parameter of tapered Pareto distributions for several natural hazard examples: tsunamis, floods, and earthquakes. Each of these examples has varying catalog lengths and measurement thresholds, relative to the largest event sizes. In many cases where there are only several orders of magnitude between the measurement threshold and the largest events, joint two-parameter estimation techniques are necessary to account for estimation dependence between the power-law scaling exponent and the corner size parameter. Results indicate that whereas the corner size parameter of a tapered Pareto distribution can be estimated, its upper confidence bound cannot be determined and the estimate itself is often unstable with time. Correspondingly, one cannot statistically reject a pure Pareto null hypothesis using natural hazard catalog data. Although physical limits to the hazard source size and attenuation mechanisms from source to site constrain the maximum hazard size, historical data alone often cannot reliably determine the corner size parameter. Probabilistic assessments incorporating theoretical constraints on source size and propagation effects are preferred over deterministic assessments of extreme natural hazards based on historical data.
C1 [Geist, Eric L.; Parsons, Tom] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Geist, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 999, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM egeist@usgs.gov
OI Parsons, Tom/0000-0002-0582-4338
NR 102
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
J9 NAT HAZARDS
JI Nat. Hazards
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 72
IS 2
BP 565
EP 595
DI 10.1007/s11069-013-1024-0
PG 31
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA AH0RE
UT WOS:000335827100016
ER
PT J
AU Priest, GR
Zhang, YL
Witter, RC
Wang, KL
Goldfinger, C
Stimely, L
AF Priest, George R.
Zhang, Yinglong
Witter, Robert C.
Wang, Kelin
Goldfinger, Chris
Stimely, Laura
TI Tsunami impact to Washington and northern Oregon from segment ruptures
on the southern Cascadia subduction zone
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Tsunami; Cascadia; Segment ruptures; Warning; Earthquake
ID GREAT EARTHQUAKES; SURFACE DEFORMATION; OKI; SIMULATIONS; CALIFORNIA;
HISTORY; MODEL; FAULT
AB This paper explores the size and arrival of tsunamis in Oregon and Washington from the most likely partial ruptures of the Cascadia subduction zone (CSZ) in order to determine (1) how quickly tsunami height declines away from sources, (2) evacuation time before significant inundation, and (3) extent of felt shaking that would trigger evacuation. According to interpretations of offshore turbidite deposits, the most frequent partial ruptures are of the southern CSZ. Combined recurrence of ruptures extending similar to 490 km from Cape Mendocino, California, to Waldport, Oregon (segment C) and similar to 320 km from Cape Mendocino to Cape Blanco, Oregon (segment D), is similar to 530 years. This recurrence is similar to frequency of full-margin ruptures on the CSZ inferred from paleoseismic data and to frequency of the largest distant tsunami sources threatening Washington and Oregon, similar to M (w) 9.2 earthquakes from the Gulf of Alaska. Simulated segment C and D ruptures produce relatively low-amplitude tsunamis north of source areas, even for extreme (20 m) peak slip on segment C. More than similar to 70 km north of segments C and D, the first tsunami arrival at the 10-m water depth has an amplitude of < 1.9 m. The largest waves are trapped edge waves with amplitude a parts per thousand currency sign4.2 m that arrive a parts per thousand yen2 h after the earthquake. MM V-VI shaking could trigger evacuation of educated populaces as far north as Newport, Oregon for segment D events and Grays Harbor, Washington for segment C events. The NOAA and local warning systems will be the only warning at greater distances from sources.
C1 [Priest, George R.; Stimely, Laura] Newport Coastal Field Off, Oregon Dept Geol & Mineral Ind, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Zhang, Yinglong] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Ctr Coastal Resources Management, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Witter, Robert C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Priest, GR (reprint author), Newport Coastal Field Off, Oregon Dept Geol & Mineral Ind, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM george.priest@dogami.state.or.us; yjzhang@vims.edu; rwitter@usgs.gov;
laura.stimelyr@dogami.state.us.or
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Grants
[NA08NWS4670028, NA09NWS4670014]; Extreme Science and Engineering
Discovery Environment (XSEDE) [TG-CCR120029]; National Science
Foundation grant [OCI-1053575]
FX This investigation was supported by National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) Grants NA08NWS4670028 and #NA09NWS4670014. Some
simulations used in this paper were conducted using computational
facilities at the College of William and Mary which were provided with
the assistance of the National Science Foundation, the Virginia Port
Authority, and Virginia's Commonwealth Technology Research Fund, and
also using the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment
(XSEDE; Grant #TG-CCR120029), which is supported by National Science
Foundation grant number OCI-1053575.
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 26
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
J9 NAT HAZARDS
JI Nat. Hazards
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 72
IS 2
BP 849
EP 870
DI 10.1007/s11069-014-1041-7
PG 22
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA AH0RE
UT WOS:000335827100030
ER
PT J
AU Eaton, MJ
Hughes, PT
Hines, JE
Nichols, JD
AF Eaton, Mitchell J.
Hughes, Phillip T.
Hines, James E.
Nichols, James D.
TI Testing metapopulation concepts: effects of patch characteristics and
neighborhood occupancy on the dynamics of an endangered lagomorph
SO OIKOS
LA English
DT Article
ID KEYS MARSH RABBIT; SPECIES OCCURRENCE DYNAMICS; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE
MODELS; SEA-LEVEL RISE; SITE OCCUPANCY; HABITAT; LANDSCAPE;
CONNECTIVITY; POPULATIONS; PERSISTENCE
AB Metapopulation ecology is a field that is richer in theory than in empirical results. Many existing empirical studies use an incidence function approach based on spatial patterns and key assumptions about extinction and colonization rates. Here we recast these assumptions as hypotheses to be tested using 18 years of historic detection survey data combined with four years of data from a new monitoring program for the Lower Keys marsh rabbit. We developed a new model to estimate probabilities of local extinction and colonization in the presence of nondetection, while accounting for estimated occupancy levels of neighboring patches. We used model selection to identify important drivers of population turnover and estimate the effective neighborhood size for this system. Several key relationships related to patch size and isolation that are often assumed in metapopulation models were supported: patch size was negatively related to the probability of extinction and positively related to colonization, and estimated occupancy of neighboring patches was positively related to colonization and negatively related to extinction probabilities. This latter relationship suggested the existence of rescue effects. In our study system, we inferred that coastal patches experienced higher probabilities of extinction and colonization than interior patches. Interior patches exhibited higher occupancy probabilities and may serve as refugia, permitting colonization of coastal patches following disturbances such as hurricanes and storm surges. Our modeling approach should be useful for incorporating neighbor occupancy into future metapopulation analyses and in dealing with other historic occupancy surveys that may not include the recommended levels of sampling replication.
C1 [Eaton, Mitchell J.; Hines, James E.; Nichols, James D.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Hughes, Phillip T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Key Deer Refuge, Big Pine Key, FL 33043 USA.
RP Eaton, MJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, US Geol Survey, Southeast Climate Sci Ctr,David Clark Labs 127H, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM meaton@usgs.gov
NR 73
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 73
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0030-1299
EI 1600-0706
J9 OIKOS
JI Oikos
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 123
IS 6
BP 662
EP 676
DI 10.1111/oik.01008
PG 15
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AG9EE
UT WOS:000335721400003
ER
PT J
AU Covault, JA
Kostic, S
Paull, CK
Ryan, HF
Fildani, A
AF Covault, Jacob A.
Kostic, Svetlana
Paull, Charles K.
Ryan, Holly F.
Fildani, Andrea
TI Submarine channel initiation, filling and maintenance from sea-floor
geomorphology and morphodynamic modelling of cyclic steps
SO SEDIMENTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOS-ANGELES BASIN; DEEP-SEA; TURBIDITY CURRENTS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA;
SEDIMENT WAVES; NIGER-DELTA; OFFSHORE CALIFORNIA; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN;
ERODIBLE BED; QUATERNARY DEVELOPMENT
AB Advances in acoustic imaging of submarine canyons and channels have provided accurate renderings of sea-floor geomorphology. Still, a fundamental understanding of channel inception, evolution, sediment transport and the nature of the currents traversing these channels remains elusive. Herein, Autonomous Underwater Vehicle technology developed by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute provides high-resolution perspectives of the geomorphology and shallow stratigraphy of the San Mateo canyon-channel system, which is located on a tectonically active slope offshore of southern California. The channel comprises a series of crescent-shaped bedforms in its thalweg. Numerical modelling is combined with interpretations of sea-floor and shallow subsurface stratigraphic imagery to demonstrate that these bedforms are likely to be cyclic steps. Submarine cyclic steps compose a morphodynamic feature characterized by a cyclic series of long-wave, upstream-migrating bedforms. The bedforms are cyclic steps if each bedform in the series is bounded by a hydraulic jump in an overriding turbidity current, which is Froude-supercritical over the lee side of the bedform and Froude-subcritical over the stoss side. Numerical modelling and seismic-reflection imagery support an interpretation of weakly asymmetrical to near-symmetrical aggradation of predominantly fine-grained net-depositional cyclic steps. The dominant mode of San Mateo channel maintenance during the Holocene is interpreted to be thalweg reworking into aggrading cyclic steps by dilute turbidity currents. Numerical modelling also suggests that an incipient, proto-San Mateo channel comprises a series of relatively coarse-grained net-erosional cyclic steps, which nucleated out of sea-floor perturbations across the tectonically active lower slope. Thus, the interaction between turbidity-current processes and sea-floor perturbations appears to be fundamentally important to channel initiation, particularly in high-gradient systems. Offshore of southern California, and in analogous deep-water basins, channel inception, filling and maintenance are hypothesized to be strongly linked to the development of morphodynamic instability manifested as cyclic steps.
C1 [Covault, Jacob A.] Chevron Energy Technol Co, Houston, TX 77040 USA.
[Kostic, Svetlana] San Diego State Univ, Computat Sci Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Paull, Charles K.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Ryan, Holly F.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Fildani, Andrea] Chevron Energy Technol Co, San Ramon, CA USA.
RP Covault, JA (reprint author), Chevron Energy Technol Co, Houston, TX 77040 USA.
EM jcek@chevron.com
NR 87
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 42
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0037-0746
EI 1365-3091
J9 SEDIMENTOLOGY
JI Sedimentology
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 4
BP 1031
EP 1054
DI 10.1111/sed.12084
PG 24
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AH2SN
UT WOS:000335971500007
ER
PT J
AU Finocchiaro, R
Tangen, B
Gleason, R
AF Finocchiaro, Ray
Tangen, Brian
Gleason, Robert
TI Greenhouse gas fluxes of grazed and hayed wetland catchments in the US
Prairie Pothole Ecoregion
SO WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Greenhouse gas fluxes; Grazing; Haying; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Carbon
dioxide; Pothole wetlands
ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE FLUXES; MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE;
FILLED PORE-SPACE; SOIL CO2 FLUX; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; MICROBIAL BIOMASS;
WATER RELATIONS; N2O EMISSIONS; NORTHERN
AB Wetland catchments are major ecosystems in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) and play an important role in greenhouse gases (GHG) flux. However, there is limited information regarding effects of land-use on GHG fluxes from these wetland systems. We examined the effects of grazing and haying, two common land-use practices in the region, on GHG fluxes from wetland catchments during 2007 and 2008. Fluxes of methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2), along with soil water content and temperature, were measured along a topographic gradient every other week during the growing season near Ipswich, SD, USA. Closed, opaque chambers were used to measure fluxes of soil and plant respiration from native sod catchments that were grazed or left idle, and from recently restored catchments which were seeded with native plant species; half of these catchments were hayed once during the growing season. Catchments were adjacent to each other and had similar soils, soil nitrogen and organic carbon content, precipitation, and vegetation. When compared with idle catchments, grazing as a land-use had little effect on GHG fluxes. Likewise, haying had little effect on fluxes of CH4 and N2O compared with non-hayed catchments. Haying, however, did have a significant effect on combined soil and vegetative CO2 flux in restored wetland catchments owing to the immediate and comprehensive effect haying has on plant productivity. This study also examined soil conditions that affect GHG fluxes and provides cumulative annual estimates of GHG fluxes from wetland catchment in the PPR.
C1 [Finocchiaro, Ray; Tangen, Brian; Gleason, Robert] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
RP Finocchiaro, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM rfinocchiaro@usgs.gov
OI Tangen, Brian/0000-0001-5157-9882
FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Department of Energy Plains CO2 Reduction
Partnership (PCOR)
FX This project was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S.
Department of Energy Plains CO2 Reduction Partnership (PCOR).
Our appreciation is given to Ducks Unlimited, Inc. for allowing this
study to be conducted on their lands. Special thanks to Randy Meidinger
for assisting with field work and prescribing grazing and haying
schedules. We thank Charles Dahl, Justin Askim, and several other
seasonal technicians for conducting field work. We also thank Larry
Cihacek and the anonymous reviewers who provided helpful comments for
this report.
NR 70
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 48
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0923-4861
EI 1572-9834
J9 WETL ECOL MANAG
JI Wetl. Ecol. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 3
BP 305
EP 324
DI 10.1007/s11273-013-9331-5
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AH1VF
UT WOS:000335908600007
ER
PT J
AU Peters, JL
Sonsthagen, SA
Lavretsky, P
Rezsutek, M
Johnson, WP
McCracken, KG
AF Peters, Jeffrey L.
Sonsthagen, Sarah A.
Lavretsky, Philip
Rezsutek, Michael
Johnson, William P.
McCracken, Kevin G.
TI Interspecific hybridization contributes to high genetic diversity and
apparent effective population size in an endemic population of mottled
ducks (Anas fulvigula maculosa)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coalescent; Phenotype; Introgression; Population structure; Multilocus
phylogeography; mtDNA; Introns
ID GENOMIC ISLANDS; GENIC VIEW; DIVERGENCE; FLOW; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY;
PLATYRHYNCHOS; EXTINCTION; COALESCENT; SPECIATION; ADAPTATION
AB Under drift-mutation equilibrium, genetic diversity is expected to be correlated with effective population size (N (e) ). Changes in population size and gene flow are two important processes that can cause populations to deviate from this expected relationship. In this study, we used DNA sequences from six independent loci to examine the influence of these processes on standing genetic diversity in endemic mottled ducks (Anas fulvigula) and geographically widespread mallards (A. platyrhynchos), two species known to hybridize. Mottled ducks have an estimated census size that is about two orders-of-magnitude smaller than that of mallards, yet these two species have similar levels of genetic diversity, especially at nuclear DNA. Coalescent analyses suggest that a population expansion in the mallard at least partly explains this discrepancy, but the mottled duck harbors higher genetic diversity and apparent N (e) than expected for its census size even after accounting for a population decline. Incorporating gene flow into the model, however, reduced the estimated N (e) of mottled ducks to 33 % of the equilibrium N (e) and yielded an estimated N (e) consistent with census size. We also examined the utility of these loci to distinguish among mallards, mottled ducks, and their hybrids. Most putatively pure individuals were correctly assigned to species, but the power for detecting hybrids was low. Although hybridization with mallards potentially poses a conservation threat to mottled ducks by creating a risk of extinction by hybridization, introgression of mallard alleles has helped maintain high genetic diversity in mottled ducks and might be important for the adaptability and survival of this species.
C1 [Peters, Jeffrey L.; Lavretsky, Philip] Wright State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Peters, Jeffrey L.; Sonsthagen, Sarah A.; McCracken, Kevin G.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Sonsthagen, Sarah A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Rezsutek, Michael] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Port Arthur, TX 77640 USA.
[Johnson, William P.] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Canyon, TX 79015 USA.
[Johnson, William P.] West Texas A&M Univ, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Refuge Syst, Div Biol Sci, Canyon, TX 79016 USA.
[McCracken, Kevin G.] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA.
[McCracken, Kevin G.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA.
RP Peters, JL (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM jeffrey.peters@wright.edu
RI Peters, Jeffrey/I-5116-2012
FU National Science Foundation (Alaska EPSCoR) [EPS-0346770]; Texas Parks
and Wildlife Department
FX Shawn Houston provided high-performance computing through the University
of Alaska's Life Science Informatics Portal. Funding was provided by the
National Science Foundation (Alaska EPSCoR EPS-0346770) and the Texas
Parks and Wildlife Department. J Pearce and two anonymous reviewers
provided valuable comments on drafts of this manuscript. Any use of
trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement of the US Government.
NR 64
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 3
BP 509
EP 520
DI 10.1007/s10592-013-0557-9
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AG8MB
UT WOS:000335671500002
ER
PT J
AU Hart, KM
Hunter, ME
King, TL
AF Hart, Kristen M.
Hunter, Margaret E.
King, Tim L.
TI Regional differentiation among populations of the Diamondback terrapin
(Malaclemys terrapin)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Diamondback terrapin; Malaclemys; Population genetics; Microsatellite;
Management
ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; CRAB POTS; LINKAGE
DISEQUILIBRIUM; GENETIC IDENTIFICATION; CAPTURE; PROGRAM; LOCI; SIZE;
MANAGEMENT
AB The Diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) is a brackish-water turtle species whose populations have been fragmented due to anthropogenic activity such as development of coastal habitat and entrapment in commercial blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) fishing gear. Genetic analyses can improve conservation efforts for the long-term protection of the species. We used microsatellite DNA analysis to investigate levels of gene flow among and genetic variability within 21 geographically separate collections of the species distributed from Massachusetts to Texas. Quantified levels of genetic variability (allelic diversity, genotypic frequencies, and heterozygosity) revealed three zones of genetic discontinuity, resulting in four discrete populations: Northeast Atlantic, Coastal Mid-Atlantic, Florida and Texas/Louisiana. The average number of alleles and expected heterozygosity for the four genetic clusters were N-A = 6.54 and H-E = 0.050, respectively. However, the geographic boundaries of the populations did not correspond to accepted terrapin subspecies limits. Our results illuminate not only the need to sample terrapins in additional sites, specifically in the southeast, but also the necessity for allowing uninterrupted gene flow among population groupings to preserve current levels of genetic diversity.
C1 [Hart, Kristen M.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Hunter, Margaret E.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[King, Tim L.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
RP Hart, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
EM kristen_hart@usgs.gov
FU USGS; Biological Resources Division; Status and Trends program; USGS
Priority Ecosystem Studies program; Oak Foundation
FX We thank C. Young, S. Julian, M. Eackles, B. Lubinski, and R. Johnson
for assistance in the lab, and A. Sartain with GIS mapping. Many
volunteers helped to collect samples for our collection. Funding was
provided by the USGS, Biological Resources Division, Status and Trends
program, USGS Priority Ecosystem Studies program, and Oak Foundation.
All collection efforts in NC followed Duke University Institutional
Animal Care and Use Committee Protocols (Protocols A120-02-01 and
A120-05-04), and all research in the Florida Everglades was conducted
according to guidelines in permits EVER-2001-SCI-0067 and
EVER-2002-SCI-0092. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 58
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 49
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 3
BP 593
EP 603
DI 10.1007/s10592-014-0563-6
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AG8MB
UT WOS:000335671500008
ER
PT J
AU Soeder, DJ
Engle, MA
AF Soeder, Daniel J.
Engle, Mark A.
TI Environmental geology and the unconventional gas revolution:
Introduction to the Special Issue
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID BARNETT SHALE; NATURAL-GAS; BASIN; RESERVOIR; PLAY
C1 [Soeder, Daniel J.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Engle, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Energy Resources Sci Ctr, El Paso, TX USA.
RP Soeder, DJ (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
EM dansoeder@gmail.com
OI Engle, Mark/0000-0001-5258-7374; Soeder, Daniel/0000-0003-2248-6235
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 126
SI SI
BP 1
EP 3
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2014.02.003
PG 3
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA AG5AI
UT WOS:000335431100001
ER
PT J
AU Orem, W
Tatu, C
Varonka, M
Lerch, H
Bates, A
Engle, M
Crosby, L
McIntosh, J
AF Orem, William
Tatu, Calin
Varonka, Matthew
Lerch, Harry
Bates, Anne
Engle, Mark
Crosby, Lynn
McIntosh, Jennifer
TI Organic substances in produced and formation water from unconventional
natural gas extraction in coal and shale
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Produced water; Natural gas; Coal; Shale; Organic substance
ID METHANE PRODUCED WATER; ALIPHATIC ACID ANIONS; OIL-FIELD WATERS;
SURFACTANTS; CHALLENGES; OPERATIONS; QUALITY
AB Organic substances in produced and formation water from coalbed methane (CBM) and gas shale plays from across the USA were examined in this study. Disposal of produced waters from gas extraction in coal and shale is an important environmental issue because of the large volumes of water involved and the variable quality of this water. Organic substances in produced water may be environmentally relevant as pollutants, but have been little studied. Results from five CBM plays and two gas shale plays (including the Marcellus Shale) show a myriad of organic chemicals present in the produced and formation water. Organic compound classes present in produced and formation water in CBM plays include: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heterocyclic compounds, alkyl phenols, aromatic amines, alkyl aromatics (alkyl benzenes, alkyl biphenyls), long-chain fatty acids, and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Concentrations of individual compounds range from <1 to 100 mu g/L, but total PAHs (the dominant compound class for most CBM samples) range from 50 to 100 mu g/L Total dissolved organic carbon (TOC) in CBM produced water is generally in the 1-4 mg/L range. Excursions from this general pattern in produced waters from individual wells arise from contaminants introduced by production activities (oils, grease, adhesives, etc.). Organic substances in produced and formation water from gas shale unimpacted by production chemicals have a similar range of compound classes as CBM produced water, and TOC levels of about 8 mg/L However, produced water from the Marcellus Shale using hydraulic fracturing has TOC levels as high as 5500 mg/L and a range of added organic chemicals including, solvents, biocides, scale inhibitors, and other organic chemicals at levels of 1000 s of mu g/L for individual compounds. Levels of these hydraulic fracturing chemicals and TOC decrease rapidly over the first 20 days of water recovery and some level of residual organic contaminants remain up to 250 days after hydraulic fracturing. Although the environmental impacts of the organics in produced water are not well defined, results suggest that care should be exercised in the disposal and release of produced waters containing these organic substances into the environment because of the potential toxicity of many of these substances. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Orem, William; Varonka, Matthew; Lerch, Harry; Bates, Anne; Crosby, Lynn] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Tatu, Calin] Univ Pharm & Med Victor Babes, Timisoara, Romania.
[Engle, Mark] US Geol Survey, El Paso, TX USA.
[McIntosh, Jennifer] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Orem, W (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr MS956, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM borem@usgs.gov
OI Engle, Mark/0000-0001-5258-7374; Varonka, Matthew/0000-0003-3620-5262
FU USGS Energy Resources Program; U.S. Department of Energy; National
Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-FE0000888]
FX Support for this work was provided by the USGS Energy Resources Program
(B. Pierce, Program Coordinator). Many thanks to Melissa Schlegel and
Brittany Bates (Univ. of Arizona) who collected a number of the produced
water samples from the New Albany Shale, and the Illinois and Williston
Basins CBM. Work in the Black Warrior Basin was conducted in cooperation
with the Geological Survey of Alabama, and supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, under
contract DE-FE0000888. We thank several private CBM and shale gas
producers from across the USA for providing access to their wells for
collecting produced water samples. Trade names used in this report are
for the purpose of full disclosure of analytical methods; no endorsement
of any commercial product by the U.S. Geological Survey is implied.
NR 48
TC 57
Z9 59
U1 23
U2 147
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 126
SI SI
BP 20
EP 31
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2014.01.003
PG 12
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA AG5AI
UT WOS:000335431100003
ER
PT J
AU Engle, MA
Rowan, EL
AF Engle, Mark A.
Rowan, Elisabeth L.
TI Geochemical evolution of produced waters from hydraulic fracturing of
the Marcellus Shale, northern Appalachian Basin: A multivariate
compositional data analysis approach
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydraulic fracturing; Marcellus Shale; Produced waters; Log-ratio;
Compositional data analysis
ID NATURAL-GAS EXTRACTION; SULFATE REDUCTION; PENNSYLVANIA; METHANE;
SEDIMENTS; BRINE; WELLS; USA; BR
AB Multivariate compositional data analysis methods were used to investigate geochemical data for water injected during hydraulic fracturing and for water produced from 19 Marcellus Shale gas wells in the northern Appalachian Basin. The data were originally published as part of an industry report. The analysis was adapted to consider the compositional nature of the data and avoid potentially spurious correlations present in raw concentration data through the application of log-ratio transformations. Techniques such as robust variation arrays, robust principal component analysis, and relative variation plots were applied to log-ratio transformed data. Results from this battery of multivariate tools indicate that two primary processes affect the chemical evolution of the water returned to the surface during the first 90 days of production: mixing of injected water with formation brines of evaporated paleoseawater origin and injection of sulfate-rich water during hydraulic fracturing may stimulate sulfate reduction at some sites. Spatial variability in sulfate/alkalinity ratios appears to influence variations in geochemical controls on strontium versus barium with elevated proportions of strontium being found in more bicarbonate-poor environments, while barium is a larger proportion in sulfate-poor areas. Comparison of results using a log-ratio approach versus the more common analysis of concentration data reveals both similarities and some marked differences in the resulting interpretations. Results from this work are important in terms of both demonstrating methods to avoid mathematical inconsistencies from using raw brine geochemical data and to further investigate the geochemical controls on produced waters generated from shale gas reservoirs. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Engle, Mark A.; Rowan, Elisabeth L.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Engle, Mark A.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79930 USA.
RP Engle, MA (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, 500 West Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79930 USA.
OI Engle, Mark/0000-0001-5258-7374
FU U.S. Geological Survey Energy Resources Program (Brenda Pierce, Program
Coordinator)
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Energy Resources
Program (Brenda Pierce, Program Coordinator). This paper was helped from
critical reviews by Tanya Gallegos (U.S. Geological Survey), Carl Kirby
(Bucknell University), and two anonymous reviewers. The authors would
especially like to thank Matthias Templ, Karel Hron, and Peter Filzmoser
(developers of the robCompositions package for R) and Raimon
Tolosana-Delgado and Karl van den Boogaart (developers of Compositions
package for R), for creating, making available, and updating their
software packages for compositional data analysis.
NR 63
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 43
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 126
SI SI
BP 45
EP 56
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2013.11.010
PG 12
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA AG5AI
UT WOS:000335431100005
ER
PT J
AU Capo, RC
Stewart, BW
Rowan, EL
Kohl, CAK
Wall, AJ
Chapman, EC
Hammack, RW
Schroeder, KT
AF Capo, Rosemary C.
Stewart, Brian W.
Rowan, Elisabeth L.
Kohl, Courtney A. Kolesar
Wall, Andrew J.
Chapman, Elizabeth C.
Hammack, Richard W.
Schroeder, Karl T.
TI The strontium isotopic evolution of Marcellus Formation produced waters,
southwestern Pennsylvania
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Geochemistry; Produced water; Strontium; Sr isotope; Unconventional
resources; Marcellus shale
ID POTENTIAL CONTAMINANT PATHWAYS; HYDRAULICALLY FRACTURED SHALE;
UTILIZATION BY-PRODUCTS; NATURAL-GAS EXTRACTION; ACID-MINE DRAINAGE;
APPALACHIAN PLATEAU; FLUID MIGRATION; BASIN BRINES; QUALITY; IMPACTS
AB The production of natural gas and natural gas liquids from unconventional tight shale formations involves hydraulic fracturing and subsequent removal of fluids co-produced with the gas. The chemistry of the returning fluid reflects the original composition of the injection water, mobilized constituents in the shale formation, and co-mingled formation waters liberated by hydraulic fracturing. Produced water from unconventional gas wells tapping the Middle Devonian Marcellus Formation is characterized by high total dissolved solids (IDS), including very high strontium concentrations. In this study, the strontium isotope composition (Sr-87/Sr-86) was measured in produced waters from four horizontally drilled, hydraulically fractured Marcellus shale gas wells in southwestern Pennsylvania, sampled from the first day after commencement of flowback to as much as 27 months later. The 87Sr/86Sr of the waters tended to change rapidly over the first few days of water return, and then approached (but did not reach) a constant range of values from 0.7113 to 0.7114, which appears to be characteristic of this part of the Marcellus play. In contrast, the concentration of Sr rose more slowly and appeared to hit a steady state value (up to 3000 mg/L) by the end of the first year. Taken together with results from earlier work, these data suggest mixing between injected frac fluid and high-TDS formation water, highly enriched in Sr, and isotopically relatively uniform throughout the Marcellus shale gas play. This brine could exist within porous lenses of organic matter in the shale, in pre-existing fractures within the shale, and/or originate from fluids that migrated from adjacent formations at some point during the post-depositional history of the basin. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Capo, Rosemary C.; Stewart, Brian W.; Kohl, Courtney A. Kolesar; Wall, Andrew J.; Chapman, Elizabeth C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Capo, Rosemary C.; Stewart, Brian W.; Kohl, Courtney A. Kolesar] NETL Reg Univ Alliance, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Rowan, Elisabeth L.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Wall, Andrew J.; Hammack, Richard W.; Schroeder, Karl T.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Capo, RC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
EM rcapo@pitt.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, under the Office of
Oil and Natural Gas (Energy Policy Act of , Section 999 Complementary
Program Research); Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at the
National Energy Technology Laboratory; National Energy Technology
Laboratory's ongoing research under the RES [DE-FE0004000]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Fossil Energy, under the Office of Oil and Natural Gas (Energy Policy
Act of 2005, Section 999 Complementary Program Research), as performed
through the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at the
National Energy Technology Laboratory (AW) and the National Energy
Technology Laboratory's ongoing research under the RES contract
DE-FE0004000 (RCC and BWS).
NR 62
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 52
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 126
SI SI
BP 57
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2013.12.010
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA AG5AI
UT WOS:000335431100006
ER
PT J
AU Pashin, JC
McIntyre-Redden, MR
Mann, SD
Kopaska-Merkel, DC
Varonka, M
Orem, W
AF Pashin, Jack C.
McIntyre-Redden, Marcella R.
Mann, Steven D.
Kopaska-Merkel, David C.
Varonka, Matthew
Orem, William
TI Relationships between water and gas chemistry in mature coalbed methane
reservoirs of the Black Warrior Basin
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Coalbed methane; Black Warrior Basin; Produced water; Gas composition;
Methanogenesis
ID POWDER RIVER-BASIN; NATURAL-GAS; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; METAMORPHIC
ROCKS; AMMONIUM MICAS; MICHIGAN BASIN; ALABAMA; SHALE; GENERATION;
OXIDATION
AB Water and gas chemistry in coalbed methane reservoirs of the Black Warrior Basin reflects a complex interplay among burial processes, basin hydrodynamics, thermogenesis, and late-stage microbial methanogenesis. These factors are all important considerations for developing production and water management strategies. Produced water ranges from nearly potable sodium-bicarbonate water to hypersaline sodium-chloride brine. The hydrodynamic framework of the basin is dominated by structurally controlled fresh-water plumes that formed by meteoric recharge along the southeastern margin of the basin. The produced water contains significant quantities of hydrocarbons and nitrogen compounds, and the produced gas appears to be of mixed thermogenic-biogenic origin.
Late-stage microbial methanogenesis began following unroofing of the basin, and stable isotopes in the produced gas and in mineral cements indicate that late-stage methanogenesis occurred along a CO2-reduction metabolic pathway. Hydrocarbons, as well as small amounts of nitrate in the formation water, probably helped nourish the microbial consortia, which were apparently active in fresh to hypersaline water. The produced water contains NET and NH3, which correlate strongly with brine concentration and are interpreted to be derived from silicate minerals. Denitrification reactions may have generated some N-2, which is the only major impurity in the coalbed gas. Carbon dioxide is a minor component of the produced gas, but significant quantities are dissolved in the formation water. Degradation of organic compounds, augmented by deionization of NH4+ may have been the principal sources of hydrogen facilitating late-stage CO2 reduction. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pashin, Jack C.] Oklahoma State Univ, Boone Pickens Sch Geol, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA.
[McIntyre-Redden, Marcella R.; Mann, Steven D.; Kopaska-Merkel, David C.] Geol Survey Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35486 USA.
[Varonka, Matthew; Orem, William] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Pashin, JC (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Boone Pickens Sch Geol, 105 Noble Res Ctr, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM jack.pashin@okstate.edu
OI Varonka, Matthew/0000-0003-3620-5262
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DEFE0000888]; USGS Energy Resources Program
FX This research was funded by the National Energy Technology Laboratory of
the U.S. Department of Energy under Award DEFE0000888. The authors thank
the coalbed methane producers and the Coalbed Methane Association of
Alabama for their support, which induded access to wells for sampling.
Analytical work conducted at the USGS in Reston, VA was supported by the
USGS Energy Resources Program (Brenda Pierce, Program Manager). We thank
Anne Bates (USGS) for acetate analyses. Jennifer McIntosh and an
anonymous reviewer provided many helpful comments and suggestions that
greatly improved the quality of this contribution. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This paper is Boone Pickens
School of Geology Contribution 2013-5.
NR 75
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 49
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 126
SI SI
BP 92
EP 105
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2013.10.002
PG 14
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA AG5AI
UT WOS:000335431100009
ER
PT J
AU Sams, JI
Veloski, G
Smith, BD
Minsley, BJ
Engle, MA
Lipinski, BA
Hammack, R
Zupancic, JW
AF Sams, James I.
Veloski, Garret
Smith, Bruce D.
Minsley, Burke J.
Engle, Mark A.
Lipinski, Brian A.
Hammack, Richard
Zupancic, John W.
TI Application of near-surface geophysics as part of a hydrologic study of
a subsurface drip irrigation system along the Powder River floodplain
near Arvada, Wyoming
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Geophysics; Groundwater; Agriculture; Produced water management;
Irrigation; Geographic information system
ID BASIN
AB Rapid development of coalbed natural gas (CBNG) production in the Powder River Basin (PRB) of Wyoming has occurred since 1997. National attention related to CBNG development has focused on produced water management, which is the single largest cost for on-shore domestic producers. Low-cost treatment technologies allow operators to reduce their disposal costs, provide treated water for beneficial use, and stimulate oil and gas production by small operators. Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) systems are one potential treatment option that allows for increased CBNG production by providing a beneficial use for the produced water in farmland irrigation. Water management practices in the development of CBNG in Wyoming have been aided by integrated geophysical, geochemical, and hydrologic studies of both the disposal and utilization of water. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) have utilized multi-frequency airborne, ground, and borehole electromagnetic (EM) and ground resistivity methods to characterize the near-surface hydrogeology in areas of produced water disposal. These surveys provide near-surface EM data that can be compared with results of previous surveys to monitor changes in soils and local hydrology over time as the produced water is discharged through SDI.
The focus of this investigation is the Headgate Draw SDI site, situated adjacent to the Powder River near the confluence of a major tributary, Crazy Woman Creek, in Johnson County, Wyoming. The SDI system was installed during the summer of 2008 and began operation in October of 2008. Ground, borehole, and helicopter electromagnetic (HEM) conductivity surveys were conducted at the site prior to the installation of the SDI system. After the installation of the subsurface drip irrigation system, ground EM surveys have been performed quarterly (weather permitting). The geophysical surveys map the heterogeneity of the near-surface geology and hydrology of the study area. The geophysical data are consistent between surveys using different techniques and between surveys carried out at different times from 2007 through 2011. This paper summarizes geophysical results from the 4-year monitoring study of the SDI system. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Sams, James I.; Veloski, Garret; Lipinski, Brian A.; Hammack, Richard] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Smith, Bruce D.; Minsley, Burke J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Engle, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Zupancic, John W.] BeneTerra LLC, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA.
RP Sams, JI (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
OI Engle, Mark/0000-0001-5258-7374; Minsley, Burke/0000-0003-1689-1306
FU U.S. Energy Policy Act, U.S. Dept of Energy; USGS Energy Resources
Program
FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Energy Policy Act,
U.S. Dept of Energy, and USGS Energy Resources Program. The authors
would like to thank Don Fischer and staff from the Wyoming Department of
Environmental Quality for providing technical support and assistance.
The authors would also like to thank the staff at BeneTerra Consulting
for their cooperation and assistance in support of data collection and
field work at the Headgate Draw site.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 126
SI SI
BP 128
EP 139
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2013.10.009
PG 12
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA AG5AI
UT WOS:000335431100012
ER
PT J
AU Farag, AM
Harper, DD
AF Farag, Aida M.
Harper, David D.
TI A review of environmental impacts of salts from produced waters on
aquatic resources
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Water quality; Salt; Cl-; HCO3-; Unconventional oil and gas; Coal bed
natural gas
ID PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; FATHEAD MINNOW; ALKALINITY; BRINES; LAKES; FISH;
GILL
AB Salts are frequently a major constituent of waste waters produced during oil and gas production. These produced waters or brines must be treated and/or disposed and provide a daily challenge for operators and resource managers. Some elements of salts are regulated with water quality criteria established for the protection of aquatic wildlife, e.g. chloride (Cl-), which has an acute standard of 860 mg/L and a chronic standard of 230 mg/L However, data for establishing such standards has only recently been studied for other components of produced water, such as bicarbonate (HCO3-), which has acute median lethal concentrations (LC50s) ranging from 699 to >8000 mg/L and effects on chronic toxicity from 430 to 657 mg/L While Cl- is an ion of considerable importance in multiple geographical regions, knowledge about the effects of hardness (calcium and magnesium) on its toxicity and about mechanisms of toxicity is not well understood. A multiple-approach design that combines studies of both individuals and populations, conducted both in the laboratory and the field, was used to study toxic effects of bicarbonate (as NaHCO3). This approach allowed interpretations about mechanisms related to growth effects at the individual level that could affect populations in the wild. However, additional mechanistic data for HCO3- related to the interactions of calcium (Ca2+) precipitation at the microenvironment of the gill would dramatically increase the scientific knowledge base about how NaHCO3 might affect aquatic life. Studies of the effects of mixtures of multiple salts present in produced waters and more chronic effect studies would give a better picture of the overall potential toxicity of these ions. Organic constituents in hydraulic fracturing fluids, flowback waters, etc. are a concern because of their carcinogenic properties and this paper is not meant to minimize the importance of maintaining vigilance with respect to potential organic contamination. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Farag, Aida M.; Harper, David D.] US Geol Survey, CERC Jackson Field Res Stn, Jackson, WY USA.
RP Farag, AM (reprint author), POB 1089, Jackson, WY 83001 USA.
EM aida_farag@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The authors thank
the Science Team about Energy and Prairie Pothole Environments (STEPPE)
and John Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis for providing
information about multiple formations. Funding for this review was
provided by U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 40
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 61
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 126
SI SI
BP 157
EP 161
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2013.12.006
PG 5
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA AG5AI
UT WOS:000335431100014
ER
PT J
AU Skalak, KJ
Engle, MA
Rowan, EL
Jolly, GD
Conko, KM
Benthem, AJ
Kraemer, TF
AF Skalak, Katherine J.
Engle, Mark A.
Rowan, Elisabeth L.
Jolly, Glenn D.
Conko, Kathryn M.
Benthem, Adam J.
Kraemer, Thomas F.
TI Surface disposal of produced waters in western and southwestern
Pennsylvania: Potential for accumulation of alkali-earth elements in
sediments
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Produced waters disposal; Sediment contaminant; Environmental impact;
Unconventional gas extraction; Conventional gas extraction
ID DILUTE HYDROCHLORIC-ACID; WASTE-WATER; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; EXTRACTION;
SOILS; METALS; PLANTS; ZN; MN; PB
AB Waters co-produced with hydrocarbons in the Appalachian Basin are of notably poor quality (concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) and total radium up to and exceeding 300,000 mg/Land 10,000 pCi/L, respectively). Since 2008, a rapid increase in Marcellus Shale gas production has led to a commensurate rise in associated wastewater while generation of produced water from conventional oil and gas activities has continued. In this study, we assess whether disposal practices from treatment of produced waters from both shale gas and conventional operations in Pennsylvania could result in the accumulation of associated alkali earth elements. The results from our 5 study sites indicate that there was no increase in concentrations of total Ra (Ra-226) and extractable Ba, Ca, Na, or Sr in fluvial sediments downstream of the discharge outfalls (p > 0.05) of publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) and centralized waste treatment facilities (CWTs). However, the use of road spreading of brines from conventional oil and gas wells for deicing resulted in accumulation of Ra-226 (1.2x), and extractable Sr (3.0 x), Ca (5.3x), and Na (6.2x) in soil and sediment proximal to roads (p < 0.05). Although this study is an important initial assessment of the impacts of these disposal practices, more work is needed to consider the environmental consequences of produced waters management. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Skalak, Katherine J.; Engle, Mark A.; Rowan, Elisabeth L.; Jolly, Glenn D.; Conko, Kathryn M.; Benthem, Adam J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Engle, Mark A.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Kraemer, Thomas F.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Skalak, KJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM kskalak@usgs.gov
OI Conko, Kathryn/0000-0001-6361-4921; Benthem, Adam/0000-0003-2372-0281;
Engle, Mark/0000-0001-5258-7374
FU USGS Toxics Substances Hydrology and Energy Resources Programs
FX Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Funding for
this research was provided by the USGS Toxics Substances Hydrology and
Energy Resources Programs. We wish to thank Andrew Kunz and Marques
Hatfield for their laboratory assistance and Christina Boak for her
field assistance. Taylor Redmond provided assistance with data analysis
and figure construction.
NR 27
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 6
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 126
SI SI
BP 162
EP 170
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2013.12.001
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA AG5AI
UT WOS:000335431100015
ER
PT J
AU Gustafson, LL
Remmenga, MD
Gardner, IA
Hartman, KH
Creekmore, LH
Goodwin, AE
Whaley, JE
Warg, JV
Gardner, SL
Scott, AE
AF Gustafson, L. L.
Remmenga, M. D.
Gardner, I. A.
Hartman, K. H.
Creekmore, L. H.
Goodwin, A. E.
Whaley, J. E.
Warg, J. V.
Gardner, S. L.
Scott, A. E.
TI Viral hemorrhagic septicemia IVb status in the United States: Inferences
from surveillance activities and regional context
SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Disease freedom; Aquatic animal health; Risk-based surveillance;
Context-based surveillance; Viral hemorrhagic septicemia
ID ESOX-MASQUINONGY MITCHILL; ST-LAWRENCE-RIVER; GREAT-LAKES; GENETIC
DIVERSITY; VIRUS-INFECTION; GENOTYPE IVB; VHSV-IVB; ONTARIO; USA;
TEMPERATURES
AB The United States (U.S.) response to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) IVb emergence in the Laurentian Great Lakes (GL) included risk-based surveillance for cost-effective decision support regarding the health of fish populations in open systems. All U.S. VHSV IVb isolations to date derive from free-ranging fish from GL States. Most originate in the region designated by US Geological Survey hydrologic unit code (HUC) 04, with the exception of two detections in neighboring Upper Mississippi (HUC 05) and Ohio (HUC 07) regions. For States outside the GL system, disease probability was assessed using multiple evidence sources. None substantiated VHSV IVb absence using surveillance alone, in part due to the limited temporal relevance of data in open systems. However, Bayesian odds risk-based analysis of surveillance and population context, coupled with exclusions where water temperatures likely preclude viral replication, achieved VHSV IVb freedom assurance for 14 non-GL States by the end of 2012, with partial evidence obtained for another 17 States. The non-GL region (defined as the aggregate of 4-digit HUCs located outside of GL States) met disease freedom targets for 2012 and is projected to maintain this status through 2016 without additional active surveillance. Projections hinge on continued basic biosecurity conditions such as movement restrictions and passive surveillance. Areas with navigable waterway connections to VHSV IVb-affected HUCs (and conducive water temperatures) should receive priority for resources in future surveillance or capacity building efforts. However, 6 years of absence of detections in non-GL States suggests that existing controls limit pathogen spread, and that even spread via natural pathways (e.g., water movement or migratory fish) appears contained to the Great Lakes system. This report exemplifies the cost-effective use of risk-based surveillance in decision support to assess and manage aquatic animal population health in open systems. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Gustafson, L. L.; Remmenga, M. D.; Gardner, S. L.; Scott, A. E.] USDA, Ctr Epidemiol, Natl Surveillance Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Gustafson, L. L.; Remmenga, M. D.; Gardner, S. L.; Scott, A. E.] USDA, Ctr Anim Hlth, Vet Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Gardner, I. A.] Univ Prince Edward Isl, Atlantic Vet Coll, Dept Hlth Management, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
[Hartman, K. H.] USDA, Eastern Reg Off, Vet Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ruskin, FL USA.
[Creekmore, L. H.] USDA, Western Reg Off, Vet Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Goodwin, A. E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pacific Reg, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
[Whaley, J. E.] USDA, Aquaculture Program, Vet Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Riverdale, MD USA.
[Warg, J. V.] USDA, Diagnost Virol Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ames, IA USA.
RP Gustafson, LL (reprint author), 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B,Mail Stop 2E6, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM lori.l.gustafson@aphis.usda.gov
FU Canada Excellence Research Chairs program
FX This project was successful in large part due to stakeholder advice and
support. We thank the many individuals representing State, Tribal
Nation, laboratory, academic and industry cooperators who provided data,
support and direction for this study. We also thank the affiliated
agencies and industries, and the Canada Excellence Research Chairs
program for supporting time and funds for these efforts. Finally, we
thank the members of the VHSV Expert Panel for their continuing
correspondence regarding questions related to VHSV IVb epidemiology and
detections.
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-5877
EI 1873-1716
J9 PREV VET MED
JI Prev. Vet. Med.
PD JUN 1
PY 2014
VL 114
IS 3-4
BP 174
EP 187
DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.02.011
PG 14
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AG7XV
UT WOS:000335633000004
PM 24655577
ER
PT J
AU Lovich, JE
Agha, M
Yackulic, CB
Meyer-Wilkins, K
Bjurlin, C
Ennen, JR
Arundel, TR
Austin, M
AF Lovich, Jeffrey E.
Agha, Mickey
Yackulic, Charles B.
Meyer-Wilkins, Kathie
Bjurlin, Curtis
Ennen, Joshua R.
Arundel, Terence R.
Austin, Meaghan
TI Nest site characteristics, nesting movements, and lack of long-term nest
site fidelity in Agassiz's desert tortoises at a wind energy facility in
southern California
SO CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Agassiz's desert tortoise; Gopherus agassizii; nest site selection; nest
fidelity; pre-nesting movements; renewable energy; Sonoran Desert
ID ENVIRONMENTAL SEX DETERMINATION; CHRYSEMYS-PICTA-MARGINATA;
EMYS-ORBICULARIS LINNAEUS; EUROPEAN POND TURTLE; FRESH-WATER TURTLE;
GOPHERUS-AGASSIZII; HATCHING SUCCESS; MATERNAL MANIPULATION; DIAMONDBACK
TERRAPIN; CHELYDRA-SERPENTINA
AB Nest site selection has important consequences for maternal and offspring survival and fitness. Females of some species return to the same nesting areas year after year. We studied nest site characteristics, fidelity, and daily pre-nesting movements in a population of Agassiz's desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) at a wind energy facility in southern California during two field seasons separated by over a decade. No females returned to the same exact nest site within or between years but several nested in the same general area. However, distances between first and second clutches within a year (2000) were not significantly different from distances between nests among years (2000 and 2011) for a small sample of females, suggesting some degree of fidelity within their normal activity areas. Environmental attributes of nest sites did not differ significantly among females but did among years due largely to changes in perennial plant structure as a result of multiple fires. Daily pre-nesting distances moved by females decreased consistently from the time shelled eggs were first visible in X-radiographs until oviposition, again suggesting some degree of nest site selection. Tortoises appear to select nest sites that are within their long-term activity areas, inside the climate-moderated confines of one of their self-constructed burrows, and specifically, at a depth in the burrow that minimizes exposure of eggs and embryos to lethal incubation temperatures. Nesting in "climate-controlled" burrows and nest guarding by females relaxes some of the constraints that drive nest site selection in other oviparous species.
C1 [Lovich, Jeffrey E.; Yackulic, Charles B.; Arundel, Terence R.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
[Bjurlin, Curtis] Stantec Consulting Serv Inc, Cottage Grove, WI 53527 USA.
[Ennen, Joshua R.] Tennessee Aquarium Conservat Inst, Chattanooga, TN 37402 USA.
Trileaf Environm Corp, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA.
RP Lovich, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr,MS-9394, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov
OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831
FU California Energy Commission-Public Interest Energy Research Program;
California Desert District Office of the Bureau of Land Management; Palm
Springs-South Coast Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management;
Joshua Tree National Park
FX Our research was supported by the California Energy Commission-Public
Interest Energy Research Program, California Desert District Office of
the Bureau of Land Management, the Palm Springs-South Coast Field Office
of the Bureau of Land Management, and Joshua Tree National Park.
Research was conducted under permits from the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the
Bureau of Land Management. E. Wilcox assisted with field work in 2011.
We thank D. Ward for comments on an earlier draft. Special thanks are
extended to A. Muth and the Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center of
the University of California, Riverside, for providing accommodations
during our research. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 62
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME EDITOR
PI SACRAMENTO
PA 1416 NINTH ST, SACRAMENTO, CA 95814 USA
SN 0008-1078
J9 CALIF FISH GAME
JI Calif. Fish Game
PD SUM
PY 2014
VL 100
IS 3
SI SI
BP 404
EP 416
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Zoology
GA CC9OG
UT WOS:000350699500007
ER
PT J
AU Sargeant, GA
Oehler, MW
Sexton, CL
AF Sargeant, Glen A.
Oehler, Michael W.
Sexton, Chad L.
TI Use of water developments by female elk at Theodore Roosevelt National
Park, North Dakota
SO CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME
LA English
DT Article
DE elk; Cervus elaphus; distribution; North Dakota; Theodore Roosevelt
National Park; videography; water developments; water use
ID DESERT BIGHORN SHEEP; DEER ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; UNITED-STATES; WILDLIFE;
HABITAT; PATTERNS; THERMOREGULATION; WASHINGTON; ARIZONA
AB Development of water sources for wildlife is a widespread management practice with a long history; however needs of wildlife and availability of water depend on myriad interacting factors that vary among species and localities. Benefits are therefore situational, establishing a need for evaluation of water use in varied settings. We used global-positioning-system (GPS) collars and time-lapse videography to estimate the distribution of elk (Cervus elaphus) activity and frequency of water-development use at Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota, during June September, 2003-2006. Elk were located further than expected from the Little Missouri River and did not preferentially use areas near developments. Of 26,081 relocations obtained at 7-h intervals, 88% were >800 m and 74% were >1600 m from permanent surface water Elk were videotaped at water developments on 90 occasions during 19,402 h of monitoring but used water in only 52% of cases (SE = 5.3%). The probability of detecting elk at developments during visits was 0.51 (SE = 0.08). Nevertheless, elk tracked with GPS collars at 15-min intervals approached to within 100 m of developments on only 2.7% (SE = 0.6%) of 766 days, and approached randomly selected locations nearly as frequently ((x) over bar = 2.2%, SE = 0.13%). Our results do not rule out use of drinking water by elk at THRO; however, elk were not dependent on water from developments or the Little Missouri River. Prevailing perceptions of water use by elk derive primarily from general associations of elk activity with locations of water sources. Technological advances that permit nearly continuous, precise monitoring present an opportunity to improve understanding of water use by elk, incidental to other investigations.
C1 [Sargeant, Glen A.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Oehler, Michael W.; Sexton, Chad L.] Natl Pk Serv, Theodore Roosevelt Natl Pk, Medora, ND 58645 USA.
RP Sargeant, GA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM gsargeant@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey; National Park Service; Rocky Mountain Elk
Foundation
FX We are grateful to the U.S. Geological Survey, National Park Service,
and Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation for project funding, and to Shawn Gray
for assisting with data collection. Use of trade, product, and firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME EDITOR
PI SACRAMENTO
PA 1416 NINTH ST, SACRAMENTO, CA 95814 USA
SN 0008-1078
J9 CALIF FISH GAME
JI Calif. Fish Game
PD SUM
PY 2014
VL 100
IS 3
SI SI
BP 538
EP 549
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Zoology
GA CC9OG
UT WOS:000350699500014
ER
PT J
AU Sherrouse, BC
Semmens, DJ
AF Sherrouse, Benson C.
Semmens, Darius J.
TI Validating a method for transferring social values of ecosystem services
between public lands in the Rocky Mountain region
SO ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
LA English
DT Article
DE Social-ecological systems; Cultural ecosystem services; National
forests; Benefit transfer; Geographic information system
ID PARTICIPATION GIS; BENEFIT-TRANSFER; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; MODEL;
CHALLENGES; MANAGEMENT; VALUATION; COLORADO; FORESTS; MAXIMUM
AB With growing pressures on ecosystem services, social values attributed to thorn are increasingly important to land management decisions. Social values, defined here as perceived values the public ascribes to ecosystem services, particularly cultural services, are generally not accounted for through economic markets or considered alongside economic and ecological values in ecosystem service assessments. Social-values data can be elicited through public value and preference surveys; however, limitations prevent them from being regularly collected. These limitations led to our three study objectives: (1) demonstrate an approach for applying benefit transfer, a nonmarket-valuation method, to spatially explicit social values; (2) validate the approach; and (3) identify potential improvements. We applied Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES) to survey data for three national forests in Colorado and Wyoming. Social-value maps and models were generated, describing relationships between the maps and various combinations of environmental variables. Models from each forest were used to estimate social-value maps for the other forests via benefit transfer. Model performance was evaluated relative to the locally derived models. Performance varied with the number and type of environmental variables used, as well as differences in the forests' physical and social contexts. Enhanced metadata and better social-context matching could improve model transferability. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Sherrouse, Benson C.] US Geol Survey, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
[Semmens, Darius J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Sherrouse, BC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 5522 Res Pk Dr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
EM bcsherrouse@usgs.gov; dsemmens@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey. The authors
would like to express their utmost gratitude to Dr. Jessica Clement at
the University of Wyoming, This work would not have been possible
without her enthusiastic support and willingness to share the survey
data collected for the three forests. We would also like to thank
Rebecca Moore of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management and the journal's
two anonymous manuscript reviewers for their very constructive and
insightful review comments. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 58
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 7
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2212-0416
J9 ECOSYST SERV
JI Ecosyst. Serv.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 8
BP 166
EP 177
DI 10.1016/j.ecoser.2014.03.008
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA CU6RR
UT WOS:000363661300017
ER
PT J
AU Kassotis, CD
Lin, CH
Tillitt, D
Nagel, SC
AF Kassotis, Christopher D.
Lin, Chung-Ho
Tillitt, Donald
Nagel, Susan Carol
TI Endocrine Disrupting Activity of Hydraulic Fracturing Chemicals and in
Vivo Adverse Health Outcomes
SO ENDOCRINE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kassotis, Christopher D.; Lin, Chung-Ho] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA.
[Tillitt, Donald] US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO USA.
[Nagel, Susan Carol] Univ MO Columbia, Columbia, MO USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ENDOCRINE SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2055 L ST NW, SUITE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0163-769X
EI 1945-7189
J9 ENDOCR REV
JI Endocr. Rev.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 35
IS 3
SU S
MA MON-0365
PG 2
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA V45GM
UT WOS:000209805100184
ER
PT J
AU Ignatius, AR
Jones, JW
AF Ignatius, Amber R.
Jones, John W.
TI Small Reservoir Distribution, Rate of Construction, and Uses in the
Upper and Middle Chattahoochee Basins of the Georgia Piedmont, USA,
1950-2010
SO ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION
LA English
DT Article
DE reservoir; water; land cover conversion; Geographic Information Systems;
aerial photography; Chattahoochee; Piedmont; Georgia
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; STORM WATER MANAGEMENT; DAM REMOVAL;
ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS; MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; HYDROLOGIC
CONNECTIVITY; WARMWATER IMPOUNDMENTS; METROPOLITAN-AREA; PONDS; SEDIMENT
AB Construction of small reservoirs affects ecosystem processes in numerous ways including fragmenting stream habitat, altering hydrology, and modifying water chemistry. While the upper and middle Chattahoochee River basins within the Southeastern United States Piedmont contain few natural lakes, they have a high density of small reservoirs (more than 7500 small reservoirs in the nearly 12,000 km(2) basin). Policymakers and water managers in the region have little information about small reservoir distribution, uses, or the cumulative inundation of land cover caused by small reservoir construction. Examination of aerial photography reveals the spatiotemporal patterns and extent of small reservoir construction from 1950 to 2010. Over that 60 year timeframe, the area inundated by water increased nearly six fold (from 19 reservoirs covering 0.16% of the study area in 1950 to 329 reservoirs covering 0.95% of the study area in 2010). While agricultural practices were associated with reservoir creation from 1950 to 1970, the highest rates of reservoir construction occurred during subsequent suburban development between 1980 and 1990. Land cover adjacent to individual reservoirs transitioned over time through agricultural abandonment, land reforestation, and conversion to development during suburban expansion. The prolific rate of ongoing small reservoir creation, particularly in newly urbanizing regions and developing counties, necessitates additional attention from watershed managers and continued scientific research into cumulative environmental impacts at the watershed scale.
C1 [Ignatius, Amber R.; Jones, John W.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Ignatius, Amber R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Ignatius, AR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM arignatius@gmail.com; jwjones@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Land Change Science, Remote Sensing; WaterSMART
Programs; National Science Foundation
FX Funding support for this work was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey
Land Change Science, Remote Sensing, and WaterSMART Programs as well as
a National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement
Grant. Inputs and suggestions from multiple anonymous reviewers were
also much appreciated. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 83
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 7
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2220-9964
J9 ISPRS INT GEO-INF
JI ISPRS Int. Geo-Inf.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 3
IS 2
BP 460
EP 480
DI 10.3390/ijgi3020460
PG 21
WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing
SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing
GA CO1RO
UT WOS:000358933100004
ER
PT J
AU Justus, B
Meredith, B
AF Justus, Billy
Meredith, Bradley
TI Water quality of potential reference lakes in the Arkansas Valley and
Ouachita Mountain ecoregions, Arkansas
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Geographic information systems; Nutrient criteria; Water-quality
standards; Reference lake
ID CHLOROPHYLL; PHOSPHORUS; NUTRIENTS
AB This report describes a study to identify reference lakes in two lake classifications common to parts of two level III ecoregions in western Arkansas-the Arkansas Valley and Ouachita Mountains. Fifty-two lakes were considered. A screening process that relied on land-use data was followed by reconnaissance water-quality sampling, and two lakes from each ecoregion were selected for intensive water-quality sampling. Our data suggest that Spring Lake is a suitable reference lake for the Arkansas Valley and that Hot Springs Lake is a suitable reference lake for the Ouachita Mountains. Concentrations for five nutrient constituents-orthophosphorus, total phosphorus, total kjeldahl nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total organic carbon-were lower at Spring Lake on all nine sampling occasions and transparency measurements at Spring Lake were significantly deeper than measurements at Cove Lake. For the Ouachita Mountains ecoregion, water quality at Hot Springs Lake slightly exceeded that of Lake Winona. The most apparent water-quality differences for the two lakes were related to transparency and total organic carbon concentrations, which were deeper and lower at Hot Springs Lake, respectively. Our results indicate that when nutrient concentrations are low, transparency may be more valuable for differentiating between lake water quality than chemical constituents that have been useful for distinguishing between water-quality conditions in mesotrophic and eutrophic settings. For example, in this oligotrophic setting, concentrations for chlorophyll a can be less than 5 mu g/L and diurnal variability that is typically associated with dissolved oxygen in more productive settings was not evident.
C1 [Justus, Billy; Meredith, Bradley] USGS Arkansas Water Sci Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72211 USA.
RP Justus, B (reprint author), USGS Arkansas Water Sci Ctr, 401 Hardin Rd, Little Rock, AR 72211 USA.
EM bjustus@usgs.gov
FU ADEQ; USEPA Region 6
FX This project was funded by the ADEQ and the USEPA Region 6. The authors
also wish to acknowledge all ADEQ, USEPA, and USGS personnel who
provided assistance with planning, management, field work, laboratory
analysis, maps and figures, and review comments. Special thanks are also
extended to Mark Osborn with the Missouri Department of Natural
Resources for supplying data for Missouri reference lakes.
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
EI 1573-2959
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 186
IS 6
BP 3785
EP 3800
DI 10.1007/s10661-014-3657-1
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AG1DZ
UT WOS:000335156600036
PM 24532342
ER
PT J
AU Levine, CR
Yanai, RD
Lampman, GG
Burns, DA
Driscoll, CT
Lawrence, GB
Lynch, JA
Schoch, N
AF Levine, Carrie R.
Yanai, Ruth D.
Lampman, Gregory G.
Burns, Douglas A.
Driscoll, Charles T.
Lawrence, Gregory B.
Lynch, Jason A.
Schoch, Nina
TI "Evaluating the efficiency of environmental monitoring programs" (vol
39, pg 94, 2014)
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Levine, Carrie R.; Yanai, Ruth D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lampman, Gregory G.] New York State Energy Res & Dev Author, New York, NY 12203 USA.
[Burns, Douglas A.; Lawrence, Gregory B.] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Driscoll, Charles T.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
[Lynch, Jason A.] US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Lynch, Jason A.] Biodivers Res Inst, Gorham, ME USA.
RP Levine, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM crlevine@berkeley.edu; rdyanai@syr.edu; ggl@nyserda.ny.gov;
daburns@usgs.gov; ctdrisco@syr.edu; glawrenc@usgs.gov;
lynch.jason@epamaiLepa.gov; nina.schoch@briloon.org
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
EI 1872-7034
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 41
BP 215
EP 215
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.01.032
PG 1
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF6JU
UT WOS:000334822200025
ER
PT J
AU French, WE
Graeb, BDS
Chipps, SR
Klumb, RA
AF French, William E.
Graeb, Brian D. S.
Chipps, Steven R.
Klumb, Robert A.
TI Vulnerability of age-0 pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus to
predation; effects of predator type, turbidity, body size, and prey
density
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pallid sturgeon; Predation; Turbidity; Prey selection
ID STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM-VITREUM; LARGEMOUTH BASS; SMALLMOUTH BASS;
SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; WHITE STURGEON; MISSOURI
RIVER; LARVAE; JUVENILE; SURVIVAL
AB Predation can play an important role in the recruitment dynamics of fishes with intensity regulated by behavioral (i.e., prey selectivity) and/or environmental conditions that may be especially important for rare or endangered fishes. We conducted laboratory experiments to quantify prey selection and capture efficiency by three predators employing distinct foraging strategies: pelagic piscivore (walleye Sander vitreus); benthic piscivore (flat-head catfish Pylodictis olivaris) and generalist predator (smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu) foraging on two size classes of age-0 pallid sturgeon: large (75-100 mm fork length [FL]) and small (40-50 mm FL). Experiments at high (> 70 nephalometric turbidity units [NTU]) and low (< 5 NTU) turbidity for each predator were conducted with high and low densities of pallid sturgeon and contrasting densities of an alternative prey, fathead minnow Pimephales promelas. Predator behaviors (strikes, captures, and consumed prey) were also quantified for each prey type. Walleye and smallmouth bass negatively selected pallid sturgeon (Chesson's alpha = 0.04-0.1) across all treatments, indicating low relative vulnerability to predation. Relative vulnerability to predation by flathead catfish was moderate for small pallid sturgeon (alpha = 0.44, neutral selection), but low for large pallid sturgeon (alpha = 0.11, negative selection). Turbidity (up to 100 NTU) did not affect pallid sturgeon vulnerability, even at low density of alternative prey. Age-0 pallid sturgeon were easily captured by all predators, but were rarely consumed, suggesting mechanisms other than predator capture efficiency govern sturgeon predation vulnerability.
C1 [French, William E.; Graeb, Brian D. S.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Northern Plains Biostress Lab, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Chipps, Steven R.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, South Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Klumb, Robert A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Great Plains Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Pierre, SD 57501 USA.
RP French, WE (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Northern Plains Biostress Lab, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM Fren0104@umn.edu
FU U. S. Army Corp of Engineers; U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U. S.
Geological Survey, South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks,
South Dakota State University; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank D. Spengler, T. Schaeffer, and D. Hanisch for assistance in the
laboratory. The US Fish and Wildlife Service Gavins Point National Fish
Hatchery, Yankton, SD supplied pallid sturgeon for use in these
experiments as well as logistical support. C. Longhenry and South Dakota
Department of Game, Fish, and Parks assisted with obtaining flathead
catfish from Lewis and Clark Lake. Funding for this project was provided
by the U. S. Army Corp of Engineers. Additional funding was provided by
the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. All animals used in this study were
reared according to animal use and care guidelines established by South
Dakota State University (Animal Welfare Assurance no. A3958-01). The
South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
sponsored by the U. S. Geological Survey, South Dakota Department of
Game, Fish and Parks, South Dakota State University, the Wildlife
Management Institute, and the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use
of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 97
IS 6
BP 635
EP 646
DI 10.1007/s10641-013-0166-y
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AF7RT
UT WOS:000334913000002
ER
PT J
AU Stockwell, JD
Yule, DL
Hrabik, TR
Sierszen, ME
Isaac, EJ
AF Stockwell, Jason D.
Yule, Daniel L.
Hrabik, Thomas R.
Sierszen, Michael E.
Isaac, Edmund J.
TI Habitat coupling in a large lake system: delivery of an energy subsidy
by an offshore planktivore to the nearshore zone of Lake Superior
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE foraging; whitefish; cisco; winter ecology; eggs
ID WHITEFISH COREGONUS-CLUPEAFORMIS; DIEL VERTICAL MIGRATION; LAURENTIAN
GREAT-LAKES; FISH COMMUNITY; STABLE-ISOTOPES; BIOENERGETICS MODEL;
ECOSYSTEM ECOLOGY; CARBON ISOTOPES; MYSIS-RELICTA; FLATHEAD LAKE
AB We hypothesised that the autumn spawning migration of Lake Superior cisco (Coregonus artedi) provides a resource subsidy, in the form of energy-rich cisco eggs, from the offshore pelagic to the nearshore benthic community over winter, when alternate prey production is likely to be low.
We tested this hypothesis using fish and macroinvertebrate surveys, fish population demographics, diet and stable isotope analyses, and bioenergetics modelling.
The benthic, congeneric lake whitefish (C.clupeaformis) was a clear beneficiary of cisco spawning. Cisco eggs represented 16% of lake whitefish annual consumption in terms of biomass, but 34% of energy (because of their high energy density: >10kJgwetmass(-1)). Stable isotope analyses were consistent with these results and suggest that other nearshore fish species may also rely on cisco eggs.
The lipid content of lake whitefish liver almost doubled from 26 to 49% between November and March, while that of muscle increased from 14 to 26% over the same period, suggesting lake whitefish were building, rather than depleting, lipid reserves during winter.
In the other Laurentian Great Lakes, where cisco populations remain very low and rehabilitation efforts are underway, the offshore-to-nearshore ecological link apparent in Lake Superior has been replaced by non-native planktivorous species. These non-native species spawn in spring have smaller eggs and shorter incubation periods. The rehabilitation of cisco in these systems should reinstate the onshore subsidy as it has in Lake Superior.
C1 [Stockwell, Jason D.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Ecosyst Sci Lab, Burlington, VT 05401 USA.
[Yule, Daniel L.] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI USA.
[Hrabik, Thomas R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Biol, Duluth, MN 55812 USA.
[Sierszen, Michael E.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA.
[Sierszen, Michael E.; Isaac, Edmund J.] Grand Portage Band Lake Super Chippewa, Grand Portage, MN USA.
RP Stockwell, JD (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Ecosyst Sci Lab, 3 Coll St, Burlington, VT 05401 USA.
EM jason.stockwell@uvm.edu
NR 85
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 53
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 6
BP 1197
EP 1212
DI 10.1111/fwb.12340
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AE4PK
UT WOS:000333964700008
ER
PT J
AU Hogg, RS
Coghlan, SM
Zydlewski, J
Simon, KS
AF Hogg, Robert S.
Coghlan, Stephen M., Jr.
Zydlewski, Joseph
Simon, Kevin S.
TI Anadromous sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) are ecosystem engineers in
a spawning tributary
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE anadromous fishes; ecosystem engineers; benthic invertebrates; sea
lampreys; freshwater spawning habitat
ID JUVENILE ATLANTIC SALMON; EGG BURIAL DEPTHS; HABITAT STRUCTURE; PACIFIC
SALMON; SMALL-STREAM; DISTURBANCE; BIOTURBATION; GRAVEL; SIZE;
MACROINVERTEBRATES
AB Sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) disturb the substratum during nest construction and alter the physical habitat, potentially affecting other stream organisms. We quantified differences in depth, velocity, fine-sediment coverage, embeddedness, intragravel permeability and benthic invertebrate assemblages (density and diversity) among nest mounds, nest pits and undisturbed reference locations over a 4-month period after June spawning.
In 2010 and 2011, immediate and persistent effects of nest construction were assessed in summer (July) and in autumn (late September to early October), respectively. Randomly selected nests were sampled annually (25 each in summer and autumn).
Nest construction increased stream-bed complexity by creating and juxtaposing shallow, swift, rocky habitat patches with deep, slow, sandy habitat patches. Mounds had a 50-143% less cover of fine sediment, and a 30-62% reduction in embeddedness, compared to pits and reference locations. These physical changes persisted into the autumn (almost 4months).
Five insect families contributed 74% of the benthic invertebrate abundance: Chironomidae (27%), Hydropsychidae (26%), Heptageniidae (8%), Philopotamidae (7%) and Ephemerellidae (6%). Densities of Hydropsychidae, Philopotamidae and Heptageniidae were up to 10 times greater in mounds than in pits and adjacent reference habitat. In summer, mounds had twice the density of Chironomidae than did pits, and 1.5 times more than reference habitats, but densities were similar among the habitats in autumn.
These results suggest that spawning sea lampreys are ecosystem engineers. The physical disturbance caused by nest-building activity was significant and persistent, increasing habitat heterogeneity and favouring pollution-sensitive benthic invertebrates and, possibly, drift-feeding fish.
C1 [Hogg, Robert S.; Coghlan, Stephen M., Jr.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Zydlewski, Joseph] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Simon, Kevin S.] Univ Auckland, Sch Environm, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
RP Hogg, RS (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, 5575 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM hogg.robert.s@gmail.com
FU Maine Sea Grant; Atlantic Salmon Federation; Penobscot Valley Audubon
Chapter; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; University of
Maine; U.S. Geological Survey, Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit; Hatch from the USDA National Institute of Food
Agriculture [ME08367-08H]
FX We would like to thank the collaborators and those who assisted with
this project. Field technicians from the University of Maine: M.
Patridge, G. Vachon, M. Nelson, M. Banker, R. Haley, M. Burke, J.
Kwapiszeski, A. O'Malley, P. Adams, J. Poirier, D. Wingfield, C. Wagner,
E. Lamb and T. Violette. Volunteers and alternate field help: C.
Gardner, S. Ratten, W. Ashe, E. Hughes, A. Grote, I. Kiraly, M. Guyette,
A. Derkacz, S. Drahovzal, D. Stich, D. Sigourney, Q. Tuckett, R. Carey,
J. Wood, A. McLaughlin, C. Kent, J. Hogg, B. Shrewsberry, G. Innes, D.
Trunfio, K. Fizell, B. Emmott, A. Rapp, R. May, C. Attean, I. Kormendy,
M. Relford and M. Mutel. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration: Rory Saunders. The Nature Conservancy: Joshua Royte.
Michigan State University: Dan Hayes. This paper benefited from helpful
reviews by Alan Hildrew, Steve Gephard and two anonymous reviewers. This
work was supported in part by an award from Maine Sea Grant. The views
expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily
reflect the views of Maine Sea Grant. This work was also supported in
part by the Atlantic Salmon Federation, the Penobscot Valley Audubon
Chapter, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the
University of Maine and the U.S. Geological Survey, Maine Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. Sampling was conducted under IACUC
protocol number A2011-06-03. This work is Maine Agricultural and Forest
Experiment Station Publication Number 3340 and is based on research
supported in part by Hatch Grant Number ME08367-08H from the USDA
National Institute of Food & Agriculture. Mention of trade names does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 49
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 6
BP 1294
EP 1307
DI 10.1111/fwb.12349
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AE4PK
UT WOS:000333964700015
ER
PT J
AU Liu, Z
Jung, HS
Lu, Z
AF Liu, Zhen
Jung, Hyung-Sup
Lu, Zhong
TI Joint Correction of Ionosphere Noise and Orbital Error in L-Band SAR
Interferometry of Interseismic Deformation in Southern California
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE ALOS PALSAR; interferometric SAR (InSAR); ionospheric correction;
ionosphere noise; multiple-aperture interferometry (MAI); orbital error;
synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
ID SURFACE DEFORMATION
AB The accuracy of L-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) differential interferometry (InSAR) on crustal deformation studies is largely compromised by ionosphere path delays on the radar signals. The ionosphere effects cause severe ionospheric distortion such as azimuth streaking and long wavelength phase distortion similar to orbital ramp error. Effective detection and correction of ionospheric phase distortion from L-band InSAR images are necessary to measure and accurately interpret surface displacement. In this paper, we investigate the performance improvement of L-band InSAR interseismic deformation measurements in southern California through the joint correction of both ionosphere noise and orbital error. Our results show that this method can effectively remove orbit and ionosphere phase distortions. In comparison with in situ GPS measurements, the achieved InSAR measurement accuracy is improved from similar to 30 mm to similar to 10 mm by the proposed joint correction method. We show that, after the joint correction, the remaining atmosphere noise can be further mitigated through stacking, leading to an RMS error of similar to 4.7 mm/year in resultant line-of-sight velocity, as compared with similar to 11.3 mm/year before the correction. Our results demonstrate that the proposed joint correction technique provides a promising way to jointly correct orbital and ionospheric artifacts in L-band InSAR studies of crustal deformation.
C1 [Liu, Zhen] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Jung, Hyung-Sup] Univ Seoul, Dept Geoinformat, Seoul 130743, South Korea.
[Lu, Zhong] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Liu, Z (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Zhen.liu@jpl.nasa.gov; hsjung@uos.ac.kr; lu@usgs.gov
RI Liu, Zhen/D-8334-2017;
OI Jung, Hyung-Sup/0000-0003-2335-8438
FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under
National Aeronautics and Space Administration; The University of Seoul;
Space Core Technology Development Program through the National Research
Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
[2012M1A3A3A02033465]; State-of-the-Art Remote Sensing Technology
Development of Disaster Management Research Program; National Disaster
Management Institute [NDMI-M-2012-09]
FX Manuscript received March 27, 2013; revised June 17, 2013; accepted July
1, 2013. This work was supported in part by the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration and in part by the The
University of Seoul under financial support from Space Core Technology
Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea
funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology under Grant
2012M1A3A3A02033465 and State-of-the-Art Remote Sensing Technology
Development of Disaster Management Research Program funded by the
National Disaster Management Institute under Grant NDMI-M-2012-09.
NR 22
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 28
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 52
IS 6
BP 3421
EP 3427
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2013.2272791
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA AC4QB
UT WOS:000332504700033
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, L
Ding, XL
Lu, Z
Jung, HS
Hu, J
Feng, GC
AF Zhang, Lei
Ding, Xiaoli
Lu, Zhong
Jung, Hyung-Sup
Hu, Jun
Feng, Guangcai
TI A Novel Multitemporal InSAR Model for Joint Estimation of Deformation
Rates and Orbital Errors
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) (InSAR); least squares;
orbital error; SAR; sparse matrix
ID DIFFERENTIAL SAR INTERFEROGRAMS; BASE-LINE APPROACH; SURFACE
DEFORMATION; TIME-SERIES; RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; PERMANENT SCATTERERS;
DENALI FAULT; LOS-ANGELES; ALGORITHM; RESOLUTION
AB Orbital errors, characterized typically as long-wavelength artifacts, commonly exist in interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) imagery as a result of inaccurate determination of the sensor state vector. Orbital errors degrade the precision of multitemporal InSAR products (i.e., ground deformation). Although research on orbital error reduction has been ongoing for nearly two decades and several algorithms for reducing the effect of the errors are already in existence, the errors cannot always be corrected efficiently and reliably. We propose a novel model that is able to jointly estimate deformation rates and orbital errors based on the different spatial-temporal characteristics of the two types of signals. The proposed model is able to isolate a long-wavelength ground motion signal from the orbital error even when the two types of signals exhibit similar spatial patterns. The proposed algorithm is efficient and requires no ground control points. In addition, the method is built upon wrapped phases of interferograms, eliminating the need of phase unwrapping. The performance of the proposed model is validated using both simulated and real data sets. The demo codes of the proposed model are also provided for reference.
C1 [Zhang, Lei; Ding, Xiaoli; Hu, Jun] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Land Surveying & Geoinformat, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Zhong] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Jung, Hyung-Sup] Univ Seoul, Seoul 130743, South Korea.
[Hu, Jun; Feng, Guangcai] Cent S Univ, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, L (reprint author), Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Land Surveying & Geoinformat, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM lslzhang@polyu.edu.hk; lsxlding@polyu.edu.hk; lu@usgs.gov;
hsjung@uos.ac.kr; csuhujun@csu.edu.cn; fredgps@gmail.com
RI Ding, Xiaoli/K-4596-2013; Zhang, Lei/A-1412-2014;
OI Ding, Xiaoli/0000-0002-5733-3629; Zhang, Lei/0000-0002-8152-2470; Jung,
Hyung-Sup/0000-0003-2335-8438
FU Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
[PolyU5154/10E]; Faculty of Construction and Land Use under the
Sustainable Urbanization Research Fund; U.S. Geological Survey Volcano
Hazards Programs
FX Manuscript received February 22, 2012; revised September 9, 2012, March
15, 2013, and June 22, 2013; accepted June 26, 2013. This work was
supported in part by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong
Special Administrative Region under Project PolyU5154/10E, by the
Faculty of Construction and Land Use under the Sustainable Urbanization
Research Fund, and by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards
Programs.
NR 31
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 25
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 52
IS 6
BP 3529
EP 3540
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2013.2273374
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA AC4QB
UT WOS:000332504700042
ER
PT J
AU Pereira, P
Ubeda, X
Martin, D
Mataix-Solera, J
Cerda, A
Burguet, M
AF Pereira, Paulo
Ubeda, Xavier
Martin, Deborah
Mataix-Solera, Jorge
Cerda, Artemi
Burguet, Maria
TI Wildfire effects on extractable elements in ash from a Pinus pinaster
forest in Portugal
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE wildfire; water-extractable elements; SPAR; ash; litter; sample
variability
ID 2 CONTRASTING SOILS; OAK QUERCUS-SUBER; WOOD-ASH; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES;
OVERLAND-FLOW; PLANT ASH; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; IBERIAN PENINSULA; WATER
REPELLENCY; PRESCRIBED FIRE
AB The aim of this work is to study the effects of a wildfire on water-extractable elements in ash from a Pinus pinaster forest located in Portugal. The pH, electrical conductivity (EC), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), sodium and potassium adsorption ratio (SPAR), aluminium (Al3+), manganese (Mn2+), iron (Fe2+), zinc (Zn2+), sulphur (S), silica (Si) and phosphorous (P) were analysed in ash sampled from a sloped area burned in a wildfire and from litter from a contiguous unburned area, with similar morphological conditions. The results showed that ash leachates had higher pH and EC, and were significantly richer in water-extractable Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, SPAR, S and Si and significantly poorer in water-extractable Al3+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ than litter solutions. No significant differences were observed in water-extractable P. The fire changed the ash solute chemistry compared with the unburned litter and increased the sample variability of nutrient distribution with potential implications for plant recovery. Copyright (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Pereira, Paulo] Mykolas Romeris Univ, Ctr Environm Management, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania.
[Ubeda, Xavier] Univ Barcelona, Dept Phys Geog & Reg Geog Anal, GRAM Mediterranean Environm Res Grp, Barcelona 08001, Spain.
[Martin, Deborah] USGS, Boulder, CO USA.
[Mataix-Solera, Jorge] Miguel Hernandez Univ, Dept Agrochem & Environm, Environm Soil Sci Grp, Alicante, Spain.
[Cerda, Artemi] Univ Valencia, Dept Geog, Valencia 46010, Spain.
[Burguet, Maria] Univ Cordoba, Dept Agron, Inst Sustainable Agr IAS CSIC, E-14080 Cordoba, Spain.
RP Pereira, P (reprint author), Mykolas Romeris Univ, Ctr Environm Management, Ateities G 20, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania.
EM pereiraub@gmail.com
RI Cerda, Artemi/I-4670-2013; Pereira, Paulo/O-1845-2016;
OI Cerda, Artemi/0000-0001-5326-4489; Pereira, Paulo/0000-0003-0227-2010;
Mataix-Solera, Jorge/0000-0003-2789-9936
FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology [CGL2006-11107-C02-02/BOS];
European Regional Development Fund (FEDER); FuegoRed (Fire Effects on
Soil Properties Network) [CGL2007-28764-E/BTE CGL2008-01632-E/BTE y
CGL2009-06861-E/BTE]; Lithuanian Research Council [MIP-48/2011]; HYDFIRE
project [CGL2010-21670-C02-01]; Comissionat per a Universitats i Recerca
del DIUE de la Generalitat de Catalunya
FX This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and
Technology, project CGL2006-11107-C02-02/BOS 'Evaluation of the quality
of Mediterranean soils affected by fire in a middle and large term' and
the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). We are also thankful to
Serveis Cientifico-Tecnics from the University of Barcelona. The authors
would also like to acknowledge FuegoRed (Fire Effects on Soil Properties
Network) for financing the projects CGL2007-28764-E/BTE
CGL2008-01632-E/BTE y CGL2009-06861-E/BTE, the Lithuanian Research
Council for financing the project LITFIRE, Fire effects on Lithuanian
soils and ecosystems (MIP-48/2011), the HYDFIRE project
(CGL2010-21670-C02-01) and the Comissionat per a Universitats i Recerca
del DIUE de la Generalitat de Catalunya. The authors appreciate the
comments of two anonymous reviewers that improved substantially the
quality of the manuscript.
NR 103
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 4
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD MAY 30
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 11
BP 3681
EP 3690
DI 10.1002/hyp.9907
PG 10
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AH4YY
UT WOS:000336136300001
ER
PT J
AU Briggs, MA
Lautz, LK
Hare, DK
AF Briggs, Martin A.
Lautz, Laura K.
Hare, Danielle K.
TI Residence time control on hot moments of net nitrate production and
uptake in the hyporheic zone
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE hyporheic; nitrate cycling; GW/SW interaction; biogeochemical; beaver
dam
ID GROUNDWATER EXCHANGE; STREAM; RIVER; NITRIFICATION; INTERFACE;
SEDIMENTS; ECOSYSTEM; DAMS
AB The retention capacity for biologically available nitrogen within streams can be influenced by dynamic hyporheic zone exchange, a process that may act as either a net source or net sink of dissolved nitrogen. Over 5 weeks, nine vertical profiles of streambed chemistry (NO3- and NH4+) were collected above two beaver dams along with continuous high-resolution vertical hyporheic flux data. The results indicate a non-linear relation of net NO3- production followed by net uptake in the hyporheic zone as a function of residence time. This Lagrangian-based relation is consistent through time and across varied morphology (bars, pools, glides) above the dams, even though biogeochemical and environmental factors varied. The empirical continuum between net NO3- production and uptake and residence time is useful for identifying two crucial residence time thresholds: the transition to anaerobic respiration, which corresponds to the time of peak net nitrate production, and the net sink threshold, which is defined by a net uptake in NO3- relative to streamwater. Short-term hyporheic residence time variability at specific locations creates hot moments of net production and uptake, enhancing NO3- production as residence times approach the anaerobic threshold, and changing zones of net NO3- production to uptake as residence times increase past the net sink threshold. The anaerobic and net sink thresholds for beaver-influenced streambed morphology occur at much shorter residence times (1.3 h and 2.3 h, respectively) compared to other documented hyporheic systems, and the net sink threshold compares favorably to the lower boundary of the anaerobic threshold determined for this system with the new oxygen Damkohler number. The consistency of the residence time threshold values of NO3- cycling in this study, despite environmental variability and disparate morphology, indicates that NO3- hot moment dynamics are primarily driven by changes in physical hydrology and associated residence times. Copyright (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Briggs, Martin A.] US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Lautz, Laura K.; Hare, Danielle K.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
[Hare, Danielle K.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Briggs, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, 11 Sherman Pl,Unit 5015, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM mbriggs@usgs.gov
RI Lautz, Laura/J-2274-2014
OI Lautz, Laura/0000-0002-5735-1114
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0901480]; U.S. Geological Survey Toxic
Substances Hydrology Program
FX We thank the Wyoming Nature Conservancy for providing site access and
logistical support, and field assistance from Timothy Daniluk, Ricardo
Gonzalez-Pinzon, and Dennis Lemke. This material is based upon work and
analysis supported by the National Science Foundation under grants
EAR-0901480 and the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology
Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Any
opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
views of the National Science Foundation, but do represent the views of
the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 33
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 8
U2 44
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD MAY 30
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 11
BP 3741
EP 3751
DI 10.1002/hyp.9921
PG 11
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AH4YY
UT WOS:000336136300006
ER
PT J
AU Yatheendradas, S
Narapusetty, B
Peters-Lidard, C
Funk, C
Verdin, J
AF Yatheendradas, Soni
Narapusetty, Balachandrudu
Peters-Lidard, Christa
Funk, Christopher
Verdin, James
TI Comment on 'Shang S. 2012. Calculating actual crop evapotranspiration
under soil water stress conditions with appropriate numerical methods
and time step. Hydrological Processes 26: 3338-3343. DOI:
10.1002/hyp.8405'
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE numerical method; crop; evapotranspiration; water stress
AB A previous study analyzed errors in the numerical calculation of actual crop evapotranspiration (ETa) under soil water stress. Assuming no irrigation or precipitation, it constructed equations for ETa over limited soil-water ranges in a root zone drying out due to evapotranspiration. It then used a single crop-soil composite to provide recommendations about the appropriate usage of numerical methods under different values of the time step and the maximum crop evapotranspiration (ETc). This comment reformulates those ETa equations for applicability over the full range of soil water values, revealing a dependence of the relative error in numerical ETa on the initial soil water that was not seen in the previous study. It is shown that the recommendations based on a single crop-soil composite can be invalid for other crop-soil composites. Finally, a consideration of the numerical error in the time-cumulative value of ETa is discussed besides the existing consideration of that error over individual time steps as done in the previous study. This cumulative ETa is more relevant to the final crop yield. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Yatheendradas, Soni] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Yatheendradas, Soni; Narapusetty, Balachandrudu; Peters-Lidard, Christa] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Narapusetty, Balachandrudu] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Funk, Christopher] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Funk, Christopher; Verdin, James] USGS, Earth Resources Observat Syst EROS Data Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Yatheendradas, S (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM soni.yatheendradas@nasa.gov
RI Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012
OI Peters-Lidard, Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD MAY 30
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 11
BP 3833
EP 3840
DI 10.1002/hyp.10138
PG 8
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AH4YY
UT WOS:000336136300013
ER
PT J
AU Smith-Vaniz, WF
Jelks, HL
AF Smith-Vaniz, William F.
Jelks, Howard L.
TI Marine and inland fishes of St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands: an
annotated checklist
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Caribbean; distribution; biogeography; rotenone; visual censuses;
introduced species
ID CORAL-REEF FISHES; WESTERN ATLANTIC-OCEAN; GULF-OF-MEXICO; LIONFISH
PTEROIS-VOLITANS; UNITED-STATES; INDO-PACIFIC; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY;
CARIBBEAN SEA; TELEOSTEI PERCIFORMES; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION
AB An historical account is given for the ichthyological research at St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands, followed by an annotated list of 544 species of mostly marine shore fishes known or reported from the island to depths of 200 m. Color photographs are included for 103 of these species. Collections made at Buck Island Reef National Monument with the ichthyocide rotenone in 2001 and 2005 increased the known ichthyofauna by about 80 species. The rational for inclusion of each species in the checklist is given, with remarks for those species for which additional documentation or voucher specimens are needed. Reports of species known or presumed to have been based on misidentifications are discussed. Of the total marine fish fauna of the island, 404 species (75%) are restricted to the western Atlantic Ocean, (223 of these species are essentially Caribbean endemics that do not occur south of the Amazon River outflow), and no St. Croix endemic species are known. An additional 17 species (3.2%) also occur at mid-Atlantic islands, 57 species (10.6 %) are limited to both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, and 40 species (7.4%) have circumtropical distributions. The four most species-rich families are the Gobiidae (47 species), Serranidae (groupers and sea basses, 41), Labridae (wrasses and parrotfishes, 31), and Labrisomidae (scaly blennies, 27). Literature reports of Mosquitofish, Gambusia sp., from St. Croix apparently were based on misidentifications of a different introduced poeciliid genus. Four species of the amphidromus goby genus Sicydium occur in St. Croix inland waters, together with three established introduced species (one cichlid and two poeciliids). Also included are one catfish (Ictaluridae) and three sunfishes (Centrarchidae) known only from ponds. The Lionfish, Pterois volitans, the only introduced marine species, was first reported from St. Croix in 2008 and is now common despite control efforts.
C1 [Smith-Vaniz, William F.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Jelks, Howard L.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Smith-Vaniz, WF (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM smithvaniz@gmail.com; hjelks@usgs.gov
FU Boje Benzon Foundation; Carrow Foundation
FX The first author is also grateful for funding support from the Boje
Benzon Foundation which enabled him to study the important historical
collection of St. Croix fishes housed at the ZMUC in Copenhagen.
Curators Peter R. Moller and Jorgen G. Nielsen made his visit there both
productive and enjoyable. A grant to Smith-Vaniz from the Carrow
Foundation, with the encouragement of Ned DeLoach and Paul Humann,
provided essential funds for our final trip to St. Croix in 2012.
NR 282
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 15
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD MAY 29
PY 2014
VL 3803
IS 1
BP 1
EP 120
PG 120
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AI5II
UT WOS:000336898800001
ER
PT J
AU Matoza, RS
Shearer, PM
Okubo, PG
AF Matoza, Robin S.
Shearer, Peter M.
Okubo, Paul G.
TI High-precision relocation of long-period events beneath the summit
region of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, from 1986 to 2009
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE long-period event; relocation; Kilauea; Hawaii
ID HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; SPATIAL EXTENT; ARRAY ANALYSES; TREMOR DATA;
LOCATION; MAGMA; CLASSIFICATION; EARTHQUAKES; SEISMICITY; MONTSERRAT
AB Long-period (0.5-5 Hz, LP) seismicity has been recorded for decades in the summit region of Klauea Volcano, Hawaii, and is postulated as linked with the magma transport and shallow hydrothermal systems. To better characterize its spatiotemporal occurrence, we perform a systematic analysis of 49,030 seismic events occurring in the Klauea summit region from January 1986 to March 2009 recorded by the approximate to 50-station Hawaiian Volcano Observatory permanent network. We estimate 215,437 P wave spectra, considering all events on all stations, and use a station-averaged spectral metric to consistently classify LP and non-LP seismicity. We compute high-precision relative relocations for 5327 LP events (43% of all classified LP events) using waveform cross correlation and cluster analysis with 6.4million event pairs, combined with the source-specific station term method. The majority of intermediate-depth (5-15km) LPs collapse to a compact volume, with remarkable source location stability over 23 years indicating a source process controlled by geological or conduit structure.
C1 [Matoza, Robin S.; Shearer, Peter M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Okubo, Paul G.] Hawaii Volcanoes Natl Pk, US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Volcano, HI 96718 USA.
RP Matoza, RS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM rmatoza@ucsd.edu
RI Shearer, Peter/K-5247-2012
OI Shearer, Peter/0000-0002-2992-7630
FU NSF [EAR-1045035]; Cecil H. and Ida M. Green Foundation at the Institute
of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography
FX We thank the staff of the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory for
maintaining the seismic network and enabling studies of long-term
seismicity variations. Cecily Wolfe and Guoqing Lin worked with us to
convert and assemble the data set. We thank Charlotte Rowe, Phil Dawson,
and an anonymous reviewer for their insightful comments. This work was
funded by NSF award EAR-1045035 with additional support from the Cecil
H. and Ida M. Green Foundation at the Institute of Geophysics and
Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The relocated LP
catalog is available for download in the supporting information.
NR 42
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 10
BP 3413
EP 3421
DI 10.1002/2014GL059819
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AJ4AC
UT WOS:000337610200013
ER
PT J
AU Vinson, MR
Angradi, TR
AF Vinson, Mark R.
Angradi, Ted R.
TI Muskie Lunacy: Does the Lunar Cycle Influence Angler Catch of
Muskellunge (Esox masquinongy)?
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID MOON PHASE; FISH; PERIODICITY; BEHAVIOR; SALMON; RATES; LAKE;
POPULATIONS; REGRESSION; MIGRATION
AB We analyzed angling catch records for 341,959 muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) from North America to test for a cyclic lunar influence on the catch. Using periodic regression, we showed that the number caught was strongly related to the 29-day lunar cycle, and the effect was consistent across most fisheries. More muskellunge were caught around the full and new moon than at other times. At night, more muskellunge were caught around the full moon than the new moon. The predicted maximum relative effect was approximate to 5% overall. Anglers fishing exclusively on the peak lunar day would, on average, catch 5% more muskellunge than anglers fishing on random days. On some lakes and at night, the maximum relative effect was higher. We obtained angler effort data for Wisconsin, Mille Lacs (MN), and Lake Vermilion (MN). For Lake Vermilion there was a significant effect of the lunar cycle on angler effort. We could therefore not conclude that the lunar effect on catch was due to an effect on fish behavior alone. Several factors affected the amount of variation explained by the lunar cycle. The lunar effect was stronger for larger muskellunge (> 102 cm) than for smaller fish, stronger in midsummer than in June or October, and stronger for fish caught at high latitudes (>48 degrees N) than for fish caught further south. There was no difference in the lunar effect between expert and novice muskellunge anglers. We argue that this variation is evidence that the effect of the lunar cycle on catch is mediated by biological factors and is not due solely to angler effort and reflects lunar synchronization in feeding. This effect has been attributed to variation among moon phases in lunar illumination, but our results do not support that hypothesis for angler-caught muskellunge.
C1 [Vinson, Mark R.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
[Angradi, Ted R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA.
RP Vinson, MR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
EM mvinson@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. The views expressed in this paper are
the authors' and do not necessarily reflect U.S. Geological Survey or
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy. The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 17
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 28
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 5
AR e98046
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0098046
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AI4TS
UT WOS:000336858300023
PM 24871329
ER
PT J
AU Euliss, NH
Mushet, DM
Newton, WE
Otto, CRV
Nelson, RD
LaBaugh, JW
Scherff, EJ
Rosenberry, DO
AF Euliss, Ned H., Jr.
Mushet, David M.
Newton, Wesley E.
Otto, Clint R. V.
Nelson, Richard D.
LaBaugh, James W.
Scherff, Eric J.
Rosenberry, Donald O.
TI Placing prairie pothole wetlands along spatial and temporal continua to
improve integration of wetland function in ecological investigations
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Prairie pothole wetlands; Wetland ecosystem services; Hydrogeochemistry;
Hydrology; Hydrologic function; Wetland continuum
ID COTTONWOOD LAKE AREA; NORTH-DAKOTA; ADJACENT UPLANDS; GLACIATED PLAINS;
SOLUTE TRANSFER; WATER; GROUNDWATER; HYDROLOGY; DYNAMICS;
TRANSFERABILITY
AB We evaluated the efficacy of using chemical characteristics to rank wetland relation to surface and groundwater along a hydrologic continuum ranging from groundwater recharge to groundwater discharge. We used 27 years (1974-2002) of water chemistry data from 15 prairie pothole wetlands and known hydrologic connections of these wetlands to groundwater to evaluate spatial and temporal patterns in chemical characteristics that correspond to the unique ecosystem functions each wetland performed. Due to the mineral content and the low permeability rate of glacial till and soils, salinity of wetland waters increased along a continuum of wetland relation to groundwater recharge, flow-through or discharge. Mean inter-annual specific conductance (a proxy for salinity) increased along this continuum from wetlands that recharge groundwater being fresh to wetlands that receive groundwater discharge being the most saline, and wetlands that both recharge and discharge to groundwater (i.e., groundwater flow-through wetlands) being of intermediate salinity. The primary axis from a principal component analysis revealed that specific conductance (and major ions affecting conductance) explained 71% of the variation in wetland chemistry over the 27 years of this investigation. We found that longterm averages from this axis were useful to identify a wetland's long-term relation to surface and groundwater. Yearly or seasonal measurements of specific conductance can be less definitive because of highly dynamic inter- and intra-annual climate cycles that affect water volumes and the interaction of groundwater and geologic materials, and thereby influence the chemical composition of wetland waters. The influence of wetland relation to surface and groundwater on water chemistry has application in many scientific disciplines and is especially needed to improve ecological understanding in wetland investigations. We suggest ways that monitoring in situ wetland conditions could be linked with evolving remote sensing technology to improve our ability to better inform decisions affecting wetland sustainability and provide periodic inventories of wetland ecosystem services to document temporal trends in wetland function and how they respond to contemporary land-use change. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Euliss, Ned H., Jr.; Mushet, David M.; Newton, Wesley E.; Otto, Clint R. V.; Scherff, Eric J.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Nelson, Richard D.] US Bur Reclamat, Bismarck, ND 58501 USA.
[LaBaugh, James W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Rosenberry, Donald O.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Mushet, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM ceuliss@usgs.gov; dmushet@usgs.gov; wnewton@usgs.gov; cotto@usgs.gov;
rnelson@fws.gov; jlabaugh@fws.gov; escherff@usgs.gov; rosenber@usgs.gov
OI Rosenberry, Donald/0000-0003-0681-5641
NR 63
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD MAY 26
PY 2014
VL 513
BP 490
EP 503
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.04.006
PG 14
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AI9NI
UT WOS:000337258900045
ER
PT J
AU Kamath, PL
Turner, WC
Kusters, M
Getz, WM
AF Kamath, Pauline L.
Turner, Wendy C.
Kuesters, Martina
Getz, Wayne M.
TI Parasite-mediated selection drives an immunogenetic trade-off in plains
zebras (Equus quagga)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE major histocompatibility complex; DRA; selection; zebra; parasites;
pleiotropy
ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; ETOSHA-NATIONAL-PARK; GENERALIZED
ESTIMATING EQUATIONS; ARTHROPOD PARASITES; PATHOGEN RESISTANCE;
GENETIC-VARIATION; LONGITUDINAL DATA; LINEAR-MODELS; MHC; EVOLUTION
AB Pathogen evasion of the host immune system is a key force driving extreme polymorphism in genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Although this gene family is well characterized in structure and function, there is still much debate surrounding the mechanisms by which MHC diversity is selectively maintained. Many studies have investigated relationships between MHC variation and specific pathogens, and have found mixed support for and against the hypotheses of heterozygote advantage, frequency-dependent or fluctuating selection. Few, however, have focused on the selective effects of multiple parasite types on host immunogenetic patterns. Here, we examined relationships between variation in the equine MHC gene, ELA-DRA, and both gastrointestinal (GI) and ectoparasitism in plains zebras (Equus quagga). Specific alleles present at opposing population frequencies had antagonistic effects, with rare alleles associated with increased GI parasitism and common alleles with increased tick burdens. These results support a frequency-dependent mechanism, but are also consistent with fluctuating selection. Maladaptive GI parasite 'susceptibility alleles' were reduced in frequency, suggesting that these parasites may play a greater selective role at this locus. Heterozygote advantage, in terms of allele mutational divergence, also predicted decreased GI parasite burden in genotypes with a common allele. We conclude that an immunogenetic trade-off affects resistance/susceptibility to parasites in this system. Because GI and ectoparasites do not directly interact within hosts, our results uniquely show that antagonistic parasite interactions can be indirectly modulated through the host immune system. This study highlights the importance of investigating the role of multiple parasites in shaping patterns of host immunogenetic variation.
C1 [Kamath, Pauline L.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Kamath, Pauline L.; Turner, Wendy C.; Getz, Wayne M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Turner, Wendy C.] Univ Oslo, CEES, Dept Biosci, N-0361 Oslo, Norway.
[Kuesters, Martina] Berkeley Etosha Anthrax Res Project, Swakopmund, Namibia.
[Getz, Wayne M.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Sci, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa.
RP Kamath, PL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM pkamath@usgs.gov
RI Kamath, Pauline/H-1358-2013;
OI Kamath, Pauline/0000-0002-6458-4514; Getz, Wayne/0000-0001-8784-9354
FU NIH Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease grant [GM083863]; NSF
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement grant [MCINS-20091291]
FX This project was funded by a NIH Ecology and Evolution of Infectious
Disease grant (GM083863) to W.M.G. and a NSF Doctoral Dissertation
Improvement grant (MCINS-20091291) to P.L.K.
NR 70
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 42
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD MAY 22
PY 2014
VL 281
IS 1783
AR 20140077
DI 10.1098/rspb.2014.0077
PG 10
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AF0NP
UT WOS:000334411600021
PM 24718761
ER
PT J
AU Wood, DA
Fisher, RN
Vandergast, AG
AF Wood, Dustin A.
Fisher, Robert N.
Vandergast, Amy G.
TI Fuzzy Boundaries: Color and Gene Flow Patterns among Parapatric Lineages
of the Western Shovel-Nosed Snake and Taxonomic Implication
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; EVOLUTIONARY PROCESSES;
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; CONSERVATION BIOLOGY; POPULATION-STRUCTURE;
SUBSPECIES CONCEPT; ELAPHE-OBSOLETA; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; SOFTWARE
AB Accurate delineation of lineage diversity is increasingly important, as species distributions are becoming more reduced and threatened. During the last century, the subspecies category was often used to denote phenotypic variation within a species range and to provide a framework for understanding lineage differentiation, often considered incipient speciation. While this category has largely fallen into disuse, previously recognized subspecies often serve as important units for conservation policy and management when other information is lacking. In this study, we evaluated phenotypic subspecies hypotheses within shovel-nosed snakes on the basis of genetic data and considered how evolutionary processes such as gene flow influenced possible incongruence between phenotypic and genetic patterns. We used both traditional phylogenetic and Bayesian clustering analyses to infer range-wide genetic structure and spatially explicit analyses to detect possible boundary locations of lineage contact. Multilocus analyses supported three historically isolated groups with low to moderate levels of contemporary gene exchange. Genetic data did not support phenotypic subspecies as exclusive groups, and we detected patterns of discordance in areas where three subspecies are presumed to be in contact. Based on genetic and phenotypic evidence, we suggested that species-level diversity is underestimated in this group and we proposed that two species be recognized, Chionactis occipitalis and C. annulata. In addition, we recommend retention of two subspecific designations within C. annulata (C. a. annulata and C. a. klauberi) that reflect regional shifts in both genetic and phenotypic variation within the species. Our results highlight the difficultly in validating taxonomic boundaries within lineages that are evolving under a time-dependent, continuous process.
C1 [Wood, Dustin A.; Fisher, Robert N.; Vandergast, Amy G.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
RP Wood, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
EM dawood@usgs.gov
OI Vandergast, Amy/0000-0002-7835-6571; Wood, Dustin/0000-0002-7668-9911
FU USGS; USFWS; Arizona Game and Fish Department; US Geological Survey,
Western Ecological Research Center
FX This project was funded by the Science Support Partnership between USGS
and USFWS, Arizona Game and Fish Department, and by the US Geological
Survey, Western Ecological Research Center. The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 85
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 18
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 21
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 5
AR e97494
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0097494
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AI3AL
UT WOS:000336730600032
PM 24848638
ER
PT J
AU Hill, JM
Egan, JF
Stauffer, GE
Diefenbach, DR
AF Hill, Jason M.
Egan, J. Franklin
Stauffer, Glenn E.
Diefenbach, Duane R.
TI Habitat Availability Is a More Plausible Explanation than Insecticide
Acute Toxicity for US Grassland Bird Species Declines
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND-USE; BREEDING BIRDS; FARMLAND BIRDS; UNITED-STATES; AGRICULTURAL
LANDSCAPES; PATCH SIZE; COUNT DATA; CONSERVATION; POPULATIONS;
MANAGEMENT
AB Grassland bird species have experienced substantial declines in North America. These declines have been largely attributed to habitat loss and degradation, especially from agricultural practices and intensification (the habitat-availability hypothesis). A recent analysis of North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) "grassland breeding'' bird trends reported the surprising conclusion that insecticide acute toxicity was a better correlate of grassland bird declines in North America from 1980-2003 (the insecticide-acute-toxicity hypothesis) than was habitat loss through agricultural intensification. In this paper we reached the opposite conclusion. We used an alternative statistical approach with additional habitat covariates to analyze the same grassland bird trends over the same time frame. Grassland bird trends were positively associated with increases in area of Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) lands and cropland used as pasture, whereas the effect of insecticide acute toxicity on bird trends was uncertain. Our models suggested that acute insecticide risk potentially has a detrimental effect on grassland bird trends, but models representing the habitat-availability hypothesis were 1.3-21.0 times better supported than models representing the insecticide-acute-toxicity hypothesis. Based on point estimates of effect sizes, CRP area and agricultural intensification had approximately 3.6 and 1.6 times more effect on grassland bird trends than lethal insecticide risk, respectively. Our findings suggest that preserving remaining grasslands is crucial to conserving grassland bird populations. The amount of grassland that has been lost in North America since 1980 is well documented, continuing, and staggering whereas insecticide use greatly declined prior to the 1990s. Grassland birds will likely benefit from the de-intensification of agricultural practices and the interspersion of pastures, Conservation Reserve Program lands, rangelands and other grassland habitats into existing agricultural landscapes.
C1 [Hill, Jason M.; Stauffer, Glenn E.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Egan, J. Franklin] ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA USA.
[Diefenbach, Duane R.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Hill, JM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM jmh656@psu.edu
NR 82
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 5
U2 38
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 20
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 5
AR e98064
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0098064
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AM0UW
UT WOS:000339563400090
PM 24846309
ER
PT J
AU Nolan, BT
Gronberg, JM
Faunt, CC
Eberts, SM
Belitz, K
AF Nolan, Bernard T.
Gronberg, JoAnn M.
Faunt, Claudia C.
Eberts, Sandra M.
Belitz, Ken
TI Modeling Nitrate at Domestic and Public-Supply Well Depths in the
Central Valley, California
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; OSONA REGION; NE SPAIN;
VULNERABILITY; CONTAMINATION; USA; PROBABILITY
AB Aquifer vulnerability models were developed to map groundwater nitrate concentration at domestic and public-supply well depths in the Central Valley, California. We compared three modeling methods for ability to predict nitrate concentration >4 mg/L: logistic regression (LR), random forest classification (RFC), and random forest regression (RFR). All three models indicated processes of nitrogen fertilizer input at the land surface, transmission through coarse-textured, well-drained soils, and transport in the aquifer to the well screen. The total percent correct predictions were similar among the three models (69-82%), but RFR had greater sensitivity (84% for shallow wells and 51% for deep wells). The results suggest that RFR can better identify areas with high nitrate concentration but that LR and RFC may better describe bulk conditions in the aquifer. A unique aspect of the modeling approach was inclusion of outputs from previous, physically based hydrologic and textural models as predictor variables, which were important to the models. Vertical water fluxes in the aquifer and percent coarse material above the well screen were ranked moderately high-to-high in the RFR models, and the average vertical water flux during the irrigation season was highly significant (p < 0.0001) in logistic regression.
C1 [Nolan, Bernard T.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Gronberg, JoAnn M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Faunt, Claudia C.] US Geol Survey, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
[Eberts, Sandra M.] US Geol Survey, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
[Belitz, Ken] US Geol Survey, Northborough, MA 01532 USA.
RP Nolan, BT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 413 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM btnolan@usgs.gov
OI Eberts, Sandra/0000-0001-5138-8293
NR 36
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD MAY 20
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 10
BP 5643
EP 5651
DI 10.1021/es405452q
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH8VB
UT WOS:000336415200036
PM 24779475
ER
PT J
AU Aretxabaleta, AL
Butman, B
Ganju, NK
AF Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.
Butman, Bradford
Ganju, Neil K.
TI Water level response in back-barrier bays unchanged following Hurricane
Sandy
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC COAST; RISE; TIDE; VARIABILITY; OSCILLATION; TRENDS; OCEAN
AB On 28-30 October 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused severe flooding along portions of the northeast coast of the United States and cut new inlets across barrier islands in New Jersey and New York. About 30% of the 20 highest daily maximum water levels observed between 2007 and 2013 in Barnegat and Great South Bay occurred in 5 months following Hurricane Sandy. Hurricane Sandy provided a rare opportunity to determine whether extreme events alter systems protected by barrier islands, leaving the mainland more vulnerable to flooding. Comparisons between water levels before and after Hurricane Sandy at bay stations and an offshore station show no significant differences in the transfer of sea level fluctuations from offshore to either bay following Sandy. The post-Hurricane Sandy bay high water levels reflected offshore sea levels caused by winter storms, not by barrier island breaching or geomorphic changes within the bays.
C1 [Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.; Butman, Bradford; Ganju, Neil K.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.] Integrated Stat, Woods Hole, MA USA.
RP Aretxabaleta, AL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM aaretxabaleta@usgs.gov
RI Ganju, Neil/P-4409-2014;
OI Aretxabaleta, Alfredo/0000-0002-9914-8018; Ganju,
Neil/0000-0002-1096-0465
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 9
BP 3163
EP 3171
DI 10.1002/2014GL059957
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AK1SP
UT WOS:000338196700021
ER
PT J
AU Schwartz, RE
Gershunov, A
Iacobellis, SF
Cayan, DR
AF Schwartz, Rachel E.
Gershunov, Alexander
Iacobellis, Sam F.
Cayan, Daniel R.
TI North American west coast summer low cloudiness: Broadscale variability
associated with sea surface temperature
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS; FOG; CALIFORNIA; PACIFIC; OCEAN;
OSCILLATION; CIRCULATION; MOISTURE; OVERCAST
AB Six decades of observations at 20 coastal airports, from Alaska to southern California, reveal coherent interannual to interdecadal variation of coastal low cloudiness (CLC) from summer to summer over this broad region. The leading mode of CLC variability represents coherent variation, accounting for nearly 40% of the total CLC variance spanning 1950-2012. This leading mode and the majority of individual airports exhibit decreased low cloudiness from the earlier to the later part of the record. Exploring climatic controls on CLC, we identify North Pacific Sea Surface Temperature anomalies, largely in the form of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) as well correlated with, and evidently helping to organize, the coherent patterns of summer coastal cloud variability. Links from the PDO to summer CLC appear a few months in advance of the summer. These associations hold up consistently in interannual and interdecadal frequencies.
C1 [Schwartz, Rachel E.; Gershunov, Alexander; Iacobellis, Sam F.; Cayan, Daniel R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Schwartz, RE (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM reschwartz@ucsd.edu
OI Clemesha, Rachel/0000-0002-3881-2384
FU NASA of RES through Earth and Space Science Fellowship
[12-EARTH12F-0080]; California Energy Commission of SFI; DRC
[500-10-041]; NSF [DUE-1239797]; NOAA's California and Nevada
Applications Program [NA11OAR4310150]
FX We thank NASA for support of RES through Earth and Space Science
Fellowship 12-EARTH12F-0080 and California Energy Commission for support
of SFI and DRC through agreement 500-10-041. Additional support was
provided by the NSF through Climate Education Partners award DUE-1239797
(sandiego.edu/climate). This study contributes to DOI's Southwest
Climate Science Center activities and to NOAA's California and Nevada
Applications Program award NA11OAR4310150. We thank Alex Tardy, Joel
Norris, Nathan Mantua, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments.
ICOADS data were provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado,
USA, from http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd. Airport cloud observations were
obtained from the Global Surface Hourly database at
http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov operated by the NOAA National Climatic Data
Center (NCDC).
NR 35
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 9
BP 3307
EP 3314
DI 10.1002/2014GL059825
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AK1SP
UT WOS:000338196700041
ER
PT J
AU Dawson, P
Chouet, B
AF Dawson, Phillip
Chouet, Bernard
TI Characterization of very-long-period seismicity accompanying summit
activity at Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i: 2007-2013
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Volcano seismology; Very-long-period; Conduit oscillations; Magmatic
system
ID LINEAR DYNAMIC-SYSTEM; WAVE-FORM INVERSION; ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES; RADIAL
SEMBLANCE; SLOW SLIP; ERUPTION; CONDUIT; SIGNALS; ROCKFALLS; TREMOR
AB Eruptive activity returned to the summit region of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i with the formation of the "Overlook crater" within the Halema'uma'u Crater in March 2008. The new crater continued to grow through episodic collapse of the crater walls and as of late 2013 had grown into an approximately elliptical opening with dimensions of similar to 160 x 215 m extending to a depth of similar to 200 m. Occasional weak explosive events and a persistent gas plume continued to occur through 2013. Lava was first observed in the new crater in September 2008, and through 2009 the lava level remained deep in the crater and was only occasionally observed. Since early 2010 a lava lake with fluctuating level within the Overlook crater has been nearly continuously present, and has reached to within 22 m of the Overlook crater rim. Volcanic activity at Kilauea Volcano is episodic at all time scales and the characterization of very-long-period seismicity in the band 2-100 s for the years 2007-2013 illuminates a portion of this broad spectrum of volcanic behavior. Three types of very-long-period events have been observed over this time and each is associated with distinct processes. Type 1 events are associated with vigorous degassing and occurred primarily between 2007 and 2009. Type 2 events are associated with rockfalls onto the lava lake and occurred primarily after early 2010. Both of these event types are induced by pressure and momentum changes at the top of the magma column that are transmitted downward to a source centroid similar to 1 km below the northeast corner of the Halema'uma'u Crater where the energy couples to the solid Earth at a geometrical discontinuity in the underlying dike system. Type 3 events are not related to surficial phenomena but are associated with transients in mass transfer that occur within the dike system. Very-long-period tremor has also accompanied the return of eruptive activity, with increasing amplitude associated with hours- to months-long changes in gas emission rates and summit deformation. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Dawson, Phillip; Chouet, Bernard] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Dawson, P (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd MS-910, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dawson@usgs.gov; chouet@usgs.gov
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD MAY 15
PY 2014
VL 278
BP 59
EP 85
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.04.010
PG 27
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AJ5YZ
UT WOS:000337768100005
ER
PT J
AU Okubo, CH
AF Okubo, Chris H.
TI Brittle deformation and slope failure at the North Menan Butte tuff
cone, Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Snake River Plain; Menan Butte; Basalt tuff; Fault; Deformation band;
Permeability
ID JEJU ISLAND; SHEAR ZONES; BANDS; SANDSTONE; MECHANISMS; VOLCANO;
STRATIGRAPHY; GEOMETRIES; EVOLUTION; FRAMEWORK
AB The manifestation of brittle deformation within inactive slumps along the North Menan Butte, a basaltic tuff cone in the Eastern Snake River Plain, is investigated through field and laboratory studies. Microstructural observations indicate that brittle strain is localized along deformation bands, a class of structural discontinuity that is predominant within moderate to high-porosity, clastic sedimentary rocks. Various subtypes of deformation bands are recognized in the study area based on the sense of strain they accommodate. These include dilation bands (no shear displacement), dilational shear bands, compactional shear bands and simple shear bands (no volume change). Measurements of the host rock permeability between the deformation bands indicate that the amount of brittle strain distributed throughout this part of the rock is negligible, and thus deformation bands are the primary means by which brittle strain is manifest within this tuff. Structural discontinuities that are similar in appearance to deformation bands are observed in other basaltic tuffs. Therefore deformation bands may represent a common structural feature of basaltic tuffs that have been widely misclassified as fractures. Slumping and collapse along the flanks of active volcanoes strongly influence their eruptive behavior and structural evolution. Therefore characterizing the process of deformation band and fault growth within basaltic tuff is key to achieving a more complete understanding of the evolution of basaltic volcanoes and their associated hazards. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Okubo, CH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1541 E Univ Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM cokubo@usgs.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Mars
Fundamental Research Program [NNH09AL56I]
FX J. Casterson and R. Lazdauskas at the BLM's Upper Snake Field Office
facilitated access and research permits for North Menan Butte. C.
Dundas, J. Hagerty, L Keszthelyi, J. Richie, and G. Vaughan assisted
with the USGS internal review of this document (IP-053658). Detailed
comments by two anonymous reviewers helped to clarify the discussion and
implications of this work. This material is based upon work supported by
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No.
NNH09AL56I issued through the Mars Fundamental Research Program.
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD MAY 15
PY 2014
VL 278
BP 86
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.04.013
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AJ5YZ
UT WOS:000337768100006
ER
PT J
AU Ohlendorf, SJ
Thurber, CH
Pesicek, JD
Prejean, SG
AF Ohlendorf, Summer J.
Thurber, Clifford H.
Pesicek, Jeremy D.
Prejean, Stephanie G.
TI Seismicity and seismic structure at Okmok Volcano, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Volcanoes; Tomography; Okmok; Attenuation; Earthquakes; Eruption
ID LOCAL EARTHQUAKE TOMOGRAPHY; WAVE ATTENUATION STRUCTURE; LONG-VALLEY
CALDERA; VELOCITY STRUCTURE; CALIFORNIA; STRESS; FAULT; RELOCATION
AB Okmok volcano is an active volcanic caldera located on the northeastern portion of Umnak Island in the Aleutian arc, with recent eruptions in 1997 and 2008. The Okmok area had similar to 900 locatable earthquakes between 2003 and June 2008, and an additional similar to 600 earthquakes from the beginning of the 2008 eruption to mid 2009, providing an adequate dataset for seismic tomography. To image the seismic velocity structure of Okmok, we apply waveform cross-correlation using bispectrum verification and double-difference tomography to a subset of these earthquakes. We also perform P-wave attenuation tomography using a spectral decay technique. We examine the spatio-temporal characteristics of seismicity in the opening sequence of the 2008 eruption to investigate the path of magma migration during the establishment of a new eruptive vent. We also incorporate the new earthquake relocations and three-dimensional (3D) velocity model with first-motion polarities to compute focal mechanisms for selected events in the 2008 pre-eruptive and eruptive periods.
Through these techniques we obtain precise relocations, a well-constrained 3D P-wave velocity model, and a marginally resolved S-wave velocity model. We image a main low Vp and Vs anomaly directly under the caldera consisting of a shallow zone at 0-2 km depth connected to a larger deeper zone that extends to about 6 km depth. We find that areas of low Qp are concentrated in the central to southwestern portion of the caldera and correspond fairly well with areas of low Vp. We interpret the deeper part of the low velocity anomaly (4-6 km depth) beneath the caldera as a magma body. This is consistent with results from ambient noise tomography and suggests that previous estimates of depth to Okmok's magma chamber based only on geodetic data may be too shallow. The distribution of events preceding the 2008 eruption suggest that a combination of overpressure in the zone surrounding the magma chamber and the introduction of new material from below were jointly responsible for the explosive eruption. Magma escaping from the top of the main magma chamber likely reacted with both a smaller shallow pod of magma and groundwater on its way up below the Cone D area. The earthquakes in the 2008 pre-eruptive and eruptive periods are found to have a mixture of strike-slip, oblique normal, and oblique thrust mechanisms, with a dominant P-axis orientation that is nearly perpendicular to the regional tectonic stress. This may indicate that the stresses related to magmatic activity locally dominated regional tectonic forces during this time period. (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ohlendorf, Summer J.; Thurber, Clifford H.; Pesicek, Jeremy D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Prejean, Stephanie G.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Volcano Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Ohlendorf, SJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, 1215 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM summer@geology.wisc.edu; clifft@geology.wisc.edu;
jeremy.pesicek@spectraseis.com; sprejean@usgs.gov
FU Volcano Hazards Program under the American Recovery and Reinvestment
Act, United States Geological Survey Award [G10AC00018]; National
Science Foundation [EAR-0943965]; Weeks Research Assistantship from the
Department of Geoscience, UW-Madison
FX This study is based upon work supported by the Volcano Hazards Program
under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, United States
Geological Survey Award Number G10AC00018, as well as National Science
Foundation grant number EAR-0943965. SJO was also supported in part by a
Weeks Research Assistantship from the Department of Geoscience,
UW-Madison. We wish to thank Kurt Feigl for his helpful discussions. We
also thank Ninfa Bennington for her t* codes and discussions concerning
them. Multiple figures were created using GMT (Wessel and Smith, 1991).
We thank the Alaska Volcano Observatory for their assistance with data
access for this project.
NR 49
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD MAY 15
PY 2014
VL 278
BP 103
EP 119
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.04.002
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AJ5YZ
UT WOS:000337768100008
ER
PT J
AU Alexanderson, H
Backman, J
Cronin, TM
Funder, S
Ingolfssoon, O
Jakobsson, M
Landvik, JY
Loowemark, L
Mangerud, J
Marz, C
Mooller, P
O'Regan, M
Spielhagen, RF
AF Alexanderson, Helena
Backman, Jan
Cronin, Thomas M.
Funder, Svend
Ingolfsson, Olafur
Jakobsson, Martin
Landvik, Jon Y.
Lowemark, Ludvig
Mangerud, Jan
Maerz, Christian
Moller, Per
O'Regan, Matt
Spielhagen, Robert F.
TI An Arctic perspective on dating Mid-Late Pleistocene environmental
history
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Arctic; Chronology; Dating methods; Pleistocene; Stratigraphy
ID LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; OCEAN SEA-ICE; RADIOCARBON AGE CALIBRATION;
AMINO-ACID EPIMERIZATION; HIGH NORTHERN LATITUDES; BE-10
PRODUCTION-RATES; CENTRAL EAST GREENLAND; PRINS KARLS FORLAND; LATE
QUATERNARY; STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE
AB To better understand Pleistocene climatic changes in the Arctic, integrated palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic signals from a variety of marine and terrestrial geological records as well as geochronologic age control are required, not least for correlation to extra-Arctic records. In this paper we discuss, from an Arctic perspective, methods and correlation tools that are commonly used to date Arctic Pleistocene marine and terrestrial events. We review the state of the art of Arctic geochronology, with focus on factors that affect the possibility and quality of dating, and support this overview by examples of application of modern dating methods to Arctic terrestrial and marine sequences.
Event stratigraphy and numerical ages are important tools used in the Arctic to correlate fragmented terrestrial records and to establish regional stratigraphic schemes. Age control is commonly provided by radiocarbon, luminescence or cosmogenic exposure ages. Arctic Ocean deep-sea sediment successions can be correlated over large distances based on geochemical and physical property proxies for sediment composition, patterns in palaeomagnetic records and, increasingly, biostratigraphic data. Many of these proxies reveal cyclical patterns that provide a basis for astronomical tuning.
Recent advances in dating technology, calibration and age modelling allow for measuring smaller quantities of material and to more precisely date previously undatable material (i.e. foraminifera for C-14, and single-grain luminescence). However, for much of the Pleistocene there are still limits to the resolution of most dating methods. Consequently improving the accuracy and precision (analytical and geological uncertainty) of dating methods through technological advances and better understanding of processes are important tasks for the future. Another challenge is to better integrate marine and terrestrial records, which could be aided by targeting continental shelf and lake records, exploring proxies that occur in both settings, and by creating joint research networks that promote collaboration between marine and terrestrial geologists and modellers. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Alexanderson, Helena; Moller, Per] Lund Univ, Dept Geol, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden.
[Backman, Jan; Jakobsson, Martin; O'Regan, Matt] Stockholm Univ, Dept Geol Sci, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Cronin, Thomas M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Funder, Svend] Univ Copenhagen, Geol Museum, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
[Ingolfsson, Olafur] Univ Iceland, Fac Earth Sci, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
[Landvik, Jon Y.] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, N-1432 As, Norway.
[Lowemark, Ludvig] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Geosci, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
[Mangerud, Jan] Univ Bergen, Dept Earth Sci, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
[Maerz, Christian] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm ICBM, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
[Spielhagen, Robert F.] GEOMAR, Helmholtz Zentrum Ozeanforsch, Acad Sci Human & Literature Mainz, D-24148 Kiel, Germany.
[Ingolfsson, Olafur] Univ Ctr Svalbard UNIS, NO-9171 Longyearbyen, Norway.
RP Alexanderson, H (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Geol, Solvegatan 12, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden.
EM helena.alexanderson@geol.lu.se
RI Jakobsson, Martin/F-6214-2010;
OI Jakobsson, Martin/0000-0002-9033-3559; O'Regan,
Matt/0000-0002-6046-1488; Moller, Per/0000-0001-5365-2668; Lowemark,
Ludvig/0000-0002-3337-2367
NR 275
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 31
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD MAY 15
PY 2014
VL 92
SI SI
BP 9
EP 31
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.09.023
PG 23
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AI8SX
UT WOS:000337198400002
ER
PT J
AU Kaler, RSA
Kenney, LA
Bond, AL
Eagles-Smith, CA
AF Kaler, Robb S. A.
Kenney, Leah A.
Bond, Alexander L.
Eagles-Smith, Collin A.
TI Mercury concentrations in breast feathers of three upper trophic level
marine predators from the western Aleutian Islands, Alaska
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Fork-tailed storm-petrel; Kittlitz's murrelet; Long-range transport;
Near Islands; Snowy owl
ID BALD EAGLES; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; LARUS-GLAUCESCENS;
CEPPHUS-COLUMBA; WILD BIRDS; SEABIRDS; METHYLMERCURY; ARCHIPELAGO;
MAMMALS; TISSUES
AB Mercury (Hg) is a toxic element distributed globally through atmospheric transport. Agattu Island, located in the western Aleutian Islands, Alaska, has no history of point-sources of Hg contamination. We provide baseline levels of total mercury (THg) concentrations in breast feathers of three birds that breed on the island. Geometric mean THg concentrations in feathers of fork-tailed storm-petrels (Ocean-drama furcata; 6703 +/- 1635, ng/g fresh weight [fw]) were higher than all other species, including snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus; 2105 +/- 1631, ng/g fw), a raptor with a diet composed largely of storm-petrels at Agattu Island. There were no significant differences in mean THg concentrations of breast feathers among adult Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris; 1658 +/- 1276, ng/g fw) and chicks (1475 +/- 671, ng/g fw) and snowy owls. The observed THg concentrations in fork-tailed storm-petrel feathers emphasizes the need for further study of Hg pollution in the western Aleutian Islands. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Kaler, Robb S. A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Kenney, Leah A.] Alaska Nat Heritage Program, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[Bond, Alexander L.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
[Bond, Alexander L.] Environm Canada, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
[Eagles-Smith, Collin A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
RP Kaler, RSA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM Robert_Kaler@fws.gov
OI Eagles-Smith, Collin/0000-0003-1329-5285; Bond,
Alexander/0000-0003-2125-7238
FU USFWS Region 7 Avian Health and Disease Program
FX Invaluable logistical support was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service-Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge, especially from Jeff
Williams, Heather Renner, and the crew of the R/V Tiglax. We thank the
USFWS Region 7 Avian Health and Disease Program for funding support.
Michelle St. Peters provided additional logistical support. We thank
Mark Ricca, Michelle Kissling, Ellen Lance, Kim Trust, and Dirk Dirkson
for thoughtful discussions. We also thank Brandon Kowalski, Jack
Landers, and John Pierce for lab assistance. We thank one anonymous
reviewer for thoughtful feedback on an earlier draft of this manuscript.
The use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings
and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 24
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD MAY 15
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 1-2
BP 189
EP 193
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.02.034
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI2NT
UT WOS:000336695900038
PM 24656750
ER
PT J
AU Cravotta, CA
Goode, DJ
Bartles, MD
Risser, DW
Galeone, DG
AF Cravotta, Charles A., III
Goode, Daniel J.
Bartles, Michael D.
Risser, Dennis W.
Galeone, Daniel G.
TI Surface water and groundwater interactions in an extensively mined
watershed, upper Schuylkill River, Pennsylvania, USA
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE abandoned mines; acid mine drainage; mine hydrology; geochemical model;
groundwater model; hydrograph analysis
ID COAL-MINE; TRANSPORT; DRAINAGE; EVOLUTION; SULFATE; ACIDITY; METALS;
IRON; FATE
AB Streams crossing underground coal mines may lose flow, whereas abandoned mine drainage (AMD) restores flow downstream. During 2005-2012, discharge from the Pine Knot Mine Tunnel, the largest AMD source in the upper Schuylkill River Basin, had near-neutral pH and elevated concentrations of iron, manganese and sulphate. Discharge from the tunnel responded rapidly to recharge but exhibited a prolonged recession compared with nearby streams, consistent with rapid infiltration of surface water and slow release of groundwater from the mine complex. Dissolved iron was attenuated downstream by oxidation and precipitation, whereas dissolved CO2 degassed and pH increased. During high flow conditions, the AMD and downstream waters exhibited decreased pH, iron and sulphate with increased acidity that were modelled by mixing net-alkaline AMD with recharge or run-off having low ionic strength and low pH. Attenuation of dissolved iron within the river was least effective during high flow conditions because of decreased transport time coupled with inhibitory effects of low pH on oxidation kinetics. A numerical model of groundwater flow was calibrated by using groundwater levels in the Pine Knot Mine and discharge data for the Pine Knot Mine Tunnel and West Branch Schuylkill River during a snowmelt event in January 2012. Although the calibrated model indicated substantial recharge to the mine complex took place away from streams, simulation of rapid changes in mine pool level and tunnel discharge during a high flow event in May 2012 required a source of direct recharge to the Pine Knot Mine. Such recharge produced small changes in mine pool level and rapid changes in tunnel flow rate because of extensive unsaturated storage capacity and high transmissivity within the mine complex. Thus, elimination of stream leakage could have a small effect on the annual discharge from the tunnel, but a large effect on peak discharge and associated water quality downstream. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Cravotta, Charles A., III; Goode, Daniel J.; Risser, Dennis W.; Galeone, Daniel G.] US Geol Survey, Penn Water Sci Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Bartles, Michael D.] US Army Corps Engineers, Philadelphia, PA USA.
RP Cravotta, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Penn Water Sci Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM cravotta@usgs.gov
OI Goode, Daniel/0000-0002-8527-2456
NR 70
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 7
U2 54
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD MAY 15
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 10
BP 3574
EP 3601
DI 10.1002/hyp.9885
PG 28
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AG8JD
UT WOS:000335663700005
ER
PT J
AU Siemion, J
Lawrence, GB
Murdoch, PS
AF Siemion, Jason
Lawrence, Gregory B.
Murdoch, Peter S.
TI Use of soil-streamwater relationships to assess regional patterns of
acidic deposition effects in the northeastern USA
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE acid deposition; stream chemistry; soil calcium; Catskills
ID NEW-YORK; UNITED-STATES; EPISODIC ACIDIFICATION; ADIRONDACK MOUNTAINS;
CATSKILL MOUNTAINS; NEUTRALIZING CAPACITY; FORESTED WATERSHEDS; CALCIUM
STATUS; ORGANIC-ACIDS; RED SPRUCE
AB Declines of acidic deposition levels by as much as 50% since 1990 have led to partial recovery of surface waters in the northeastern USA but continued depletion of soil calcium through this same period suggests a disconnection between soil and surface water chemistry. To investigate the role of soil-surface water interactions in recovery from acidification, the first regional survey to directly relate soil chemistry to stream chemistry during high flow was implemented in a 4144-km(2) area of the Catskill region of New York, where acidic deposition levels are among the highest in the East. More than 40% of 95 streams sampled in the southern Catskill Mountains were determined to be acidified and had inorganic monomeric aluminum concentrations that exceeded a threshold that is toxic to aquatic biota. More than 80% likely exceeded this threshold during the highest flows, but less than 10% of more than 100 streams sampled were acidified in the northwestern portion of the region. Median Oa horizon soil base saturation ranged from 50% to 80% at 200 sites across the region, but median base saturation in the upper 10cm of the B horizon was less than 20% across the region and was only 2% in the southern area. Aluminum is likely to be interfering with root uptake of calcium in the mineral horizon in approximately half the sampled watersheds. Stream chemistry was highly variable over the Catskill region and, therefore, did not always reflect the calcium depletion of the B horizon that our sampling suggested was nearly ubiquitous throughout the region. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Siemion, Jason; Lawrence, Gregory B.; Murdoch, Peter S.] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
RP Siemion, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM jsiemion@usgs.gov
FU The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
FX The authors would like to thank the numerous field crews and the USGS
New York Water Science Center's laboratory staff, without whom this work
would not have been possible. Insightful comments on the manuscript were
provided by Richard Hallet and additional anonymous reviewers. The New
York State Department of Environmental Conservation provided funding for
the data analysis and manuscript preparation.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD MAY 15
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 10
BP 3615
EP 3626
DI 10.1002/hyp.9903
PG 12
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AG8JD
UT WOS:000335663700007
ER
PT J
AU Mojzsis, SJ
Cates, NL
Caro, G
Trail, D
Abramov, O
Guitreau, M
Blichert-Toft, J
Hopkins, MD
Bleeker, W
AF Mojzsis, Stephen J.
Cates, Nicole L.
Caro, Guillaume
Trail, Dustin
Abramov, Oleg
Guitreau, Martin
Blichert-Toft, Janne
Hopkins, Michelle D.
Bleeker, Wouter
TI Component geochronology in the polyphase ca. 3920 Ma Acasta Gneiss
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID NUVVUAGITTUQ SUPRACRUSTAL BELT; TI-IN-ZIRCON; TRACE-ELEMENT SIGNATURES;
SOUTHERN WEST GREENLAND; ABLATION-ICP-MS; U-PB; CONTINENTAL-CRUST;
NORTHWESTERN CANADA; ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE; METASEDIMENTARY ROCKS
AB The oldest compiled U-Pb zircon ages for the Acasta Gneiss Complex in the Northwest Territories of Canada span about 4050-3850 Ma; yet older ca. 4200 Ma xenocrystic U-Pb zircon ages have also been reported for this terrane. The AGC expresses at least 25 km(2) of outcrop exposure, but only a small subset of this has been documented in the detail required to investigate a complex history and resolve disputes over emplacement ages. To better understand this history, we combined new ion microprobe U-235,U-238-Pb-207,Pb-206 zircon geochronology with whole-rock and zircon rare earth element compositions ([REE](zirc)), Ti-in-zircon thermometry (Ti-xln) and Sm-147-Nd-143 geochronology for an individual subdivided similar to 60 cm(2) slab of Acasta banded gneiss comprising five separate lithologic components. Results were compared to other variably deformed granitoid-gneisses and plagioclase-hornblende rocks from elsewhere in the AGC. We show that different gneissic components carry distinct [Th/U](zirc) vs. Ti-xln and [REE](zirc) signatures correlative with different zircon U-Pb age populations and WR compositions, but not with Sm-147-Nd-143 isotope systematics. Modeled D-WR(zircon) [REE] from lattice-strain theory reconciles only the ca. 3920 Ma zircons with the oldest component that also preserves strong positive Eu* anomalies. Magmas which gave rise to the somewhat older (inherited) ca. 4020 Ma AGC zircon age population formed at similar to IW (iron-wustite) to 0.75) as evaluated per species. Invasibility was further projected onto a 2100 Hawaii regional climate change scenario to assess the change in potential habitat degradation. The distribution defined by the invasibility metric delineates areas of known and potential invasibility under current climate conditions and, when projected into the future, estimates potential reductions in native ecosystem extent due to climate-driven invasive incursion. We have provided the code used to develop these metrics to facilitate their wider use (Code S1). This work will help determine the vulnerability of native-dominated ecosystems to the combined threats of climate change and invasive species, and thus help prioritize ecosystem and species management actions.
C1 [Vorsino, Adam E.; Amidon, Fred A.; Miller, Stephen E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Strateg Habitat Conservat Div, Pacific Isl Off, Honolulu, HI 96819 USA.
[Fortini, Lucas B.; Jacobi, James D.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Fortini, Lucas B.] Pacific Isl Climate Change Cooperat, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Price, Jonathan P.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Geog, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Gon, Sam 'Ohukani'ohi'a, III] Nat Conservancy Hawaii, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Koob, Gregory A.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP Vorsino, AE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Strateg Habitat Conservat Div, Pacific Isl Off, Honolulu, HI 96819 USA.
EM Adam_Vorsino@fws.gov
RI GON, Stephanie/O-8324-2016; koob, george/P-8791-2016;
OI GON, Stephanie/0000-0002-1513-5018; Fortini, Lucas/0000-0002-5781-7295
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service
FX This work was funded by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.
Employees of the Fish and Wildlife Service analyzed the data, prepared
the manuscript, and decided to publish in this journal.
NR 125
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 65
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 7
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 5
AR e95427
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0095427
PG 18
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AG9HB
UT WOS:000335728900018
PM 24805254
ER
PT J
AU Zimova, M
Mills, LS
Lukacs, PM
Mitchell, MS
AF Zimova, Marketa
Mills, L. Scott
Lukacs, Paul M.
Mitchell, Michael S.
TI Snowshoe hares display limited phenotypic plasticity to mismatch in
seasonal camouflage
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE camouflage mismatch; crypsis; phenology; phenotypic plasticity; climate
change; snowshoe hare
ID RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; LEPUS-AMERICANUS; PELAGE COLOR; HABITAT USE;
RESPONSES; EVOLUTION; POPULATION; DYNAMICS; RISK
AB As duration of snow cover decreases owing to climate change, species undergoing seasonal colour moults can become colour mismatched with their background. The immediate adaptive solution to this mismatch is phenotypic plasticity, either in phenology of seasonal colour moults or in behaviours that reduce mismatch or its consequences. We observed nearly 200 snowshoe hares across a wide range of snow conditions and two study sites in Montana, USA, and found minimal plasticity in response to mismatch between coat colour and background. We found that moult phenology varied between studysites, likely due to differences in photoperiod and climate, but was largely fixed within study sites with only minimal plasticity to snow conditions during the spring white-to-brown moult. We also found no evidence that hares modify their behaviour in response to colour mismatch. Hiding and fleeing behaviours and resting spot preference of hares were more affected by variables related to season, site and concealment by vegetation, than by colour mismatch. We conclude that plasticity in moult phenology and behaviours in snowshoe hares is insufficient for adaptation to camouflage mismatch, suggesting that any future adaptation to climate change will require natural selection on moult phenology or behaviour.
C1 [Zimova, Marketa; Mills, L. Scott; Lukacs, Paul M.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Mitchell, Michael S.] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Zimova, M (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Wildlife & Conservat Biol Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM mzimova@ncsu.edu
RI Mills, L. Scott/K-2458-2012
OI Mills, L. Scott/0000-0001-8771-509X
FU National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology [0841884];
US Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center; Bureau of Land Management, Missoula Field Office
FX Financial support to L.S.M. came from National Science Foundation
Division of Environmental Biology grant no. 0841884, the US Geological
Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center and the
Bureau of Land Management, Missoula Field Office.
NR 42
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 20
U2 114
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD MAY 7
PY 2014
VL 281
IS 1782
AR 20140029
DI 10.1098/rspb.2014.0029
PG 9
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AF0NA
UT WOS:000334410100025
PM 24619446
ER
PT J
AU Worthington, TA
Brewer, SK
Farless, N
Grabowski, TB
Gregory, MS
AF Worthington, Thomas A.
Brewer, Shannon K.
Farless, Nicole
Grabowski, Timothy B.
Gregory, Mark S.
TI Interacting Effects of Discharge and Channel Morphology on Transport of
Semibuoyant Fish Eggs in Large, Altered River Systems
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-PLAINS; PECOS RIVER; NEW-MEXICO; PRAIRIE-STREAM; RIO-GRANDE;
HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; SAMPLING EFFICIENCY; SIMULATED TRANSPORT;
IRRIGATION RELEASE; BIOTIC FACTORS
AB Habitat fragmentation and flow regulation are significant factors related to the decline and extinction of freshwater biota. Pelagic-broadcast spawning cyprinids require moving water and some length of unfragmented stream to complete their life cycle. However, it is unknown how discharge and habitat features interact at multiple spatial scales to alter the transport of semi-buoyant fish eggs. Our objective was to assess the relationship between downstream drift of semi-buoyant egg surrogates (gellan beads) and discharge and habitat complexity. We quantified transport time of a known quantity of beads using 2-3 sampling devices at each of seven locations on the North Canadian and Canadian rivers. Transport time was assessed based on median capture time (time at which 50% of beads were captured) and sampling period (time period when 2.5% and 97.5% of beads were captured). Habitat complexity was assessed by calculating width: depth ratios at each site, and several habitat metrics determined using analyses of aerial photographs. Median time of egg capture was negatively correlated to site discharge. The temporal extent of the sampling period at each site was negatively correlated to both site discharge and habitat-patch dispersion. Our results highlight the role of discharge in driving transport times, but also indicate that higher dispersion of habitat patches relates to increased retention of beads within the river. These results could be used to target restoration activities or prioritize water use to create and maintain habitat complexity within large, fragmented river systems.
C1 [Worthington, Thomas A.; Farless, Nicole] Oklahoma State Univ, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Brewer, Shannon K.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Grabowski, Timothy B.] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Gregory, Mark S.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Brewer, SK (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM shannon.brewer@okstate.edu
RI Worthington, Thomas/N-5121-2015
OI Worthington, Thomas/0000-0002-8138-9075
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Great Plains Landscape Conservation
Cooperative (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) [F11AP00112]
FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Great Plains
Landscape Conservation Cooperative (http://www.greatplainslcc.org/)
(U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service agreement F11AP00112). The funders had
no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 69
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 7
U2 23
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 6
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 5
AR e96599
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0096599
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AJ9KS
UT WOS:000338029800091
PM 24802361
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, RB
Naftz, DL
Day-Lewis, FD
Henderson, RD
Rosenberry, DO
Stolp, BJ
Jewell, P
AF Anderson, R. B.
Naftz, D. L.
Day-Lewis, F. D.
Henderson, R. D.
Rosenberry, D. O.
Stolp, B. J.
Jewell, P.
TI Quantity and quality of groundwater discharge in a hypersaline lake
environment
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Groundwater discharge; Fiber optic temperature sensing; Saline lake;
Continuous resistivity profiling; Seepage meter; Great Salt Lake
ID GREAT-SALT-LAKE; SEEPAGE METER; WATER; RECHARGE; UTAH; USA
AB Geophysical and geochemical surveys were conducted to understand groundwater discharge to Great Salt Lake (GSL) and assess the potential significance of groundwater discharge as a source of selenium (Se). Continuous resistivity profiling (CRP) focusing below the sediment/water interface and fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) surveys were conducted along the south shore of GSL. FO-DTS surveys identified persistent cold-water temperature anomalies at 10 separate locations. Seepage measurements were conducted at 17 sites (mean seepage rate = 0.8 cm/day). High resistivity anomalies identified by the CRP survey were likely a mirabilite (Na2SO4 center dot 10H(2)O) salt layer acting as a semi-confining layer for the shallow groundwater below the south shore of the lake. Positive seepage rates measured along the near-shore areas of GSL indicate that a similar to 1-m thick oolitic sand overlying the mirabilite layer is likely acting as a shallow, unconfined aquifer. Using the average seepage rate of 0.8 cm/day over an area of 1.6 km(2), an annual Se mass loading to GSL of 23.5 kg was estimated. Determination of R/Ra values (calculated He-3/He-4 ratio over the present-day atmospheric He-3/He-4 ratio) <1 and tritium activities of 1.2-2.0 tritium units in groundwater within and below the mirabilite layer indicates a convergence of regional and local groundwater flow paths discharging into GSL. Groundwater within and below the mirabilite layer obtains its high sulfate salinity from the dissolution of mirabilite. The delta S-34 and delta O-18 isotopic values in samples of dissolved sulfate from the shallow groundwater below the mirabilite are almost identical to the isotopic signature of the mirabilite core material. The saturation index calculated for groundwater samples using PHREEQC indicates the water is at equilibrium with mirabilite. Water samples collected from GSL immediately off shore contained Se concentrations that were 3-4 times higher than other sampling sites >25 km offshore from the study site and may be originating from less saline groundwater seeps mixing with the more saline water from GSL. Additional evidence for mixing with near shore seeps is found in the delta D and delta O-18 isotopic values and Br:Cl ratios. Geochemical modeling for a water sample collected in the vicinity of the study area indicates that under chemically reducing conditions, arsenic- (As) bearing minerals could dissolve while Se-bearing minerals will likely precipitate out of solution, possibly explaining why the shallow groundwater below and within the mirabilite salt layer contains low concentrations of Se (0.9-2.3 mu g/L). (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Anderson, R. B.; Naftz, D. L.; Stolp, B. J.] US Geol Survey, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
[Day-Lewis, F. D.; Henderson, R. D.] US Geol Survey, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Rosenberry, D. O.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Jewell, P.] Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
RP Naftz, DL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 3162 Bozeman Ave, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
EM dlnaftz@usgs.gov
OI Day-Lewis, Frederick/0000-0003-3526-886X; Rosenberry,
Donald/0000-0003-0681-5641
FU Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands; Utah Division of
Wildlife Resources; Friends of Great Salt Lake/Doyle Stephen's
Scholarship Fund; U.S. Geological Survey (Cooperative Water Program and
Groundwater Resources Program)
FX Funding for this work was provided by the Utah Division of Forestry,
Fire, and State Lands; Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; Friends of
Great Salt Lake/Doyle Stephen's Scholarship Fund, and the U.S.
Geological Survey (Cooperative Water Program and Groundwater Resources
Program). Jay Cederberg, USGS, is acknowledged for his help with
monitoring well installation. Emily Voytek, USGS, is acknowledged for
help with CRP data collection. Phil Gardner, USGS, is acknowledged for
his assistance with the collection and interpretation of dissolved gases
in groundwater. The manuscript was improved from technical reviews by
two anonymous reviewers. Use of any manufacturers names in this report
are for identification purposes only and does not indicate endorsement
by the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 61
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD MAY 6
PY 2014
VL 512
BP 177
EP 194
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.02.040
PG 18
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AG8ZH
UT WOS:000335706900014
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Y
Green, CT
Baeumer, B
AF Zhang, Yong
Green, Christopher T.
Baeumer, Boris
TI Linking aquifer spatial properties and non-Fickian transport in
mobile-immobile like alluvial settings
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Non-Fickian diffusion; Tempered model; Prediction; Alluvial setting
ID MULTIRATE MASS-TRANSFER; RANDOM-WALK; HETEROGENEOUS MEDIA;
DISPERSION-EQUATION; BREAKTHROUGH CURVES; FRACTIONAL DYNAMICS; ANOMALOUS
DIFFUSION; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; TIME BEHAVIOR; LEVY MOTION
AB Time-nonlocal transport models can describe non-Fickian diffusion observed in geological media, but the physical meaning of parameters can be ambiguous, and most applications are limited to curve-fitting. This study explores methods for predicting the parameters of a temporally tempered Levy motion (TTLM) model for transient sub-diffusion in mobile-immobile like alluvial settings represented by high-resolution hydrofacies models. The TTLM model is a concise multi-rate mass transfer (MRMT) model that describes a linear mass transfer process where the transfer kinetics and late-time transport behavior are controlled by properties of the host medium, especially the immobile domain. The intrinsic connection between the MRMT and TTLM models helps to estimate the main time-nonlocal parameters in the TTLM model (which are the time scale index, the capacity coefficient, and the truncation parameter) either semi-analytically or empirically from the measurable aquifer properties. Further applications show that the TTLM model captures the observed solute snapshots, the breakthrough curves, and the spatial moments of plumes up to the fourth order. Most importantly, the a priori estimation of the time-nonlocal parameters outside of any breakthrough fitting procedure provides a reliable "blind" prediction of the late-time dynamics of subdiffusion observed in a spectrum of alluvial settings. Predictability of the time-nonlocal parameters may be due to the fact that the late-time subdiffusion is not affected by the exact location of each immobile zone, but rather is controlled by the time spent in immobile blocks surrounding the pathway of solute particles. Results also show that the effective dispersion coefficient has to be fitted due to the scale effect of transport, and the mean velocity can differ from local measurements or volume averages. The link between medium heterogeneity and time-nonlocal parameters will help to improve model predictability for non-Fickian transport in alluvial settings. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Zhang, Yong] Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yong] Desert Res Inst, Div Hydrol Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
[Green, Christopher T.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Baeumer, Boris] Univ Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, Div Hydrol Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
EM Yong.Zhang@dri.edu
RI Baeumer, Boris/A-5882-2008
OI Baeumer, Boris/0000-0003-3841-1094
FU National Science Foundation, United States [DMS-1025417]; Hohai
University State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and
Hydraulic Engineering [2013490111]; US Geological Survey
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, United
States under Grant DMS-1025417, Hohai University State Key Laboratory of
Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering under Grant
2013490111, and the US Geological Survey. This paper does not necessary
reflect the view of the funding agencies. We thank the Associate Editor,
Niklas Linde, and three anonymous reviewers for insightful suggestions
that significantly improved the presentation of this work.
NR 41
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD MAY 6
PY 2014
VL 512
BP 315
EP 331
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.02.064
PG 17
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AG8ZH
UT WOS:000335706900025
ER
PT J
AU Erhardt, JM
Scarnecchia, DL
AF Erhardt, John M.
Scarnecchia, Dennis L.
TI Population Changes after 14 Years of Harvest Closure on a Migratory
Population of Bull Trout in Idaho
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID REDD COUNTS; RECREATIONAL FISHERIES; SALVELINUS-CONFLUENTUS; GROWTH;
ABUNDANCE; MONTANA; STREAM; REGULATIONS; RESERVES; ERROR
AB Primary data (size and age structure, abundance) and derived data (growth, mortality, recruitment) were used to assess the status and trends of Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus in the North Fork of the Clearwater River, Idaho, under a 14-year harvest closure. From 2000 (6years after harvest closure) to 2008, an increase in the number of larger and older migratory Bull Trout occurred, as evidenced by the rightward shift in the cumulative length-frequency distribution, increases in mean total length and weight, and increases in age. The stability in growth rates over an 8-year interval indicated that the increases in size structure were age related (e.g., recruitment and mortality changes) rather than growth related. The abundance of migratory spawning adults also steadily increased over the period 1994-2008, as indicated by the increases in redd counts. A logistic model fitted to population estimates (not including unsampled portions of the drainage where migratory Bull Trout are known to exist) indicated that the rate of population growth as of 2005 was beginning to slow and that a carrying capacity of 5,215 total migratory adults will be asymptotically approached, surpassing the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's drainage-wide recovery goal of 5,000 total adults. The results from an age-structured population model (model 1) indicated a carrying capacity (5,716 migratory adults) similar to that of the logistic model. If the results under model 1 are achieved, the migratory adult population (including nonspawning adults) will surpass 5,000 adults in 2019. The results under a second model depicted a lower carrying capacity (3,592 fish). This analytical approach has promise for application in situations where harvest restrictions or the elimination of fishing are part of Bull Trout restoration programs.
Received August 8, 2013; accepted December 11, 2013
C1 [Erhardt, John M.; Scarnecchia, Dennis L.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Erhardt, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501-A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jerhardt@usgs.gov
FU Idaho Department of Fish and Game
FX We thank colleagues at the University of Idaho Department of Fish and
Wildlife Resources for their efforts, which contributed to this study.
We acknowledge the Idaho Department of Fish and Game for providing
funding and much assistance. Comments by D. Schiff, E. Schriever, and
three anonymous peer reviewers greatly improved this manuscript.
NR 48
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 25
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD MAY 4
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 3
BP 482
EP 492
DI 10.1080/02755947.2014.880767
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AH1DN
UT WOS:000335860100001
ER
PT J
AU Raabe, JK
Hightower, JE
AF Raabe, Joshua K.
Hightower, Joseph E.
TI American Shad Migratory Behavior, Weight Loss, Survival, and Abundance
in a North Carolina River following Dam Removals
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-HEAD DAM; ALOSA-SAPIDISSIMA; FRESH-WATER; JAMES RIVER; FISH;
POPULATION; MOVEMENT; DYNAMICS; VIRGINIA; RECOVERY
AB Despite extensive management and research, populations of American Shad Alosa sapidissima have experienced prolonged declines, and uncertainty about the underlying mechanisms causing these declines remains. In the springs of 2007 through 2010, we used a resistance board weir and PIT technology to capture, tag, and track American Shad in the Little River, North Carolina, a tributary to the Neuse River with complete and partial removals of low-head dams. Our objectives were to examine migratory behaviors and estimate weight loss, survival, and abundance during each spawning season. Males typically immigrated earlier than females and also used upstream habitat at a higher percentage, but otherwise exhibited relatively similar migratory patterns. Proportional weight loss displayed a strong positive relationship with both cumulative water temperature during residence time and number of days spent upstream, and to a lesser extent, minimum distance the fish traveled in the river. Surviving emigrating males lost up to 30% of their initial weight and females lost up to 50% of their initial weight, indicating there are potential survival thresholds. Survival for the spawning season was low and estimates ranged from 0.07 to 0.17; no distinct factors (e.g., sex, size, migration distance) that could contribute to survival were detected. Sampled and estimated American Shad abundance increased from 2007 through 2009, but was lower in 2010. Our study provides substantial new information about American Shad spawning that may aid restoration efforts. Received August 13, 2013; accepted December 10, 2013
C1 [Raabe, Joshua K.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fisheries & Wildlife Res, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Hightower, Joseph E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fisheries & Wildlife Res, US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Raabe, JK (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54418 USA.
EM joshua.raabe@gmail.com
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; North Carolina State University
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee [permit 10-007-O]
FX The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service provided funding for field research.
The city of Goldsboro and Cherry Hospital provided access to field
sites. We thank everyone that assisted with field research, in
particular Dana Sackett, Will Smith, John Bain, Donald Danesi, and
Meredith Raabe. Julianne Harris, Derek Aday, Kenneth Pollock, George
Hess, and Chris Caudill helped improve previous versions of this
manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
This study was performed under the auspices of North Carolina State
University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee permit 10-007-O.
NR 53
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 10
U2 47
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 4
PY 2014
VL 143
IS 3
BP 673
EP 688
DI 10.1080/00028487.2014.882410
PG 16
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AG1YE
UT WOS:000335211300004
ER
PT J
AU Bidlack, AL
Benda, LE
Miewald, T
Reeves, GH
McMahan, G
AF Bidlack, Allison L.
Benda, Lee E.
Miewald, Tom
Reeves, Gordon H.
McMahan, Gabriel
TI Identifying Suitable Habitat for Chinook Salmon across a Large,
Glaciated Watershed
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID JUVENILE PACIFIC SALMON; GLACIER-FED RIVERS; LANDSCAPE CHARACTERISTICS;
COHO SALMON; STEELHEAD; SELECTION; STREAM; USA; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT
AB Ecosystem management requires information on habitat suitability across broad scales; however, comprehensive environmental surveys in remote areas are often impractical and expensive to carry out. Intrinsic Potential (IP) models provide a means to identify on a broad scale those portions of the landscape that can provide essential habitat for various freshwater fish species. These models are derived from watershed patterns and processes that are persistent and not readily affected by human activities. We developed an IP model for rearing habitat of Chinook Salmon throughout the Copper River watershed (63,000km(2)) in southcentral Alaska, utilizing digital elevation models, expert opinion, and field surveys. Our model uses three variables-mean annual flow, gradient, and glacial influence-and adequately predicts where probable habitat for juvenile Chinook Salmon occurs across this large landscape. This model can help resource managers map critical habitat for salmon throughout the Copper River watershed, direct field research to appropriate stream reaches, and assist managers in prioritizing restoration actions, such as culvert replacement. Intrinsic Potential modeling is broadly applicable to other salmonid species and geographies and may inform future work on the ecological impacts of climate change in polar and subpolar river systems. Received August 23, 2013; accepted December 20, 2013
C1 [Bidlack, Allison L.; McMahan, Gabriel] Ecotrust, Portland, OR 97209 USA.
[Benda, Lee E.] Earth Syst Inst, Mt Shasta, CA 96067 USA.
[Miewald, Tom] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
[Reeves, Gordon H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Bidlack, AL (reprint author), Univ Alaska Southeast, Alaska Coastal Rainforest Ctr, 11120 Glacier Highway, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM allison.bidlack@uas.alaska.edu
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX This work was supported by funding from the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation. We thank the Alaska Department of Fish and Game and the
Native Village of Eyak for field assistance and survey data. Thanks also
to E. Veach and M. Mc-Cormick, Wrangell St. Elias National Park and
Preserve, for National Park Service survey data. This work would not
have been possible without our many field assistants, particularly B.
Hansen, J. Fisher, and C. Somerville. M. Goslin, A. Fenix, and N. Lyman
helped with model building and GIS analysis. We also thank M. Somerville
for help with field logistics and R. Brenner for assistance with the
figures. C. Sergeant and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful
comments on the manuscript.
NR 38
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 17
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 4
PY 2014
VL 143
IS 3
BP 689
EP 699
DI 10.1080/00028487.2014.880739
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AG1YE
UT WOS:000335211300005
ER
PT J
AU Waterhouse, MD
Sloss, BL
Isermann, DA
AF Waterhouse, Matthew D.
Sloss, Brian L.
Isermann, Daniel A.
TI Relationships among Walleye Population Characteristics and Genetic
Diversity in Northern Wisconsin Lakes
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SANDER-VITREUS; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM; SPAWNING
PHILOPATRY; MOLECULAR MARKERS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; ALLELIC RICHNESS;
ATLANTIC SALMON; EFFECTIVE SIZE; FITNESS
AB The maintenance of genetic integrity is an important goal of fisheries management, yet little is known regarding the effects of management actions (e.g., stocking, harvest regulations) on the genetic diversity of many important fish species. Furthermore, relationships between population characteristics and genetic diversity remain poorly understood. We examined relationships among population demographics (abundance, recruitment, sex ratio, and mean age of the breeding population), stocking intensity, and genetic characteristics (heterozygosity, effective number of alleles, allelic richness, Wright's inbreeding coefficient, effective population size [N-e], mean d(2) [a measure of inbreeding], mean relatedness, and pairwise population phi(ST) estimates) for 15 populations of Walleye Sander vitreus in northern Wisconsin. We also tested for potential demographic and genetic influences on Walleye body condition and early growth. Combinations of demographic variables explained 47.1-79.8% of the variation in genetic diversity. Skewed sex ratios contributed to a reduction in N-e and subsequent increases in genetic drift and relatedness among individuals within populations; these factors were correlated to reductions in allelic richness and early growth rate. Levels of inbreeding were negatively related to both age-0 abundance and mean age, suggesting N-e was influenced by recruitment and generational overlap. A negative relationship between the effective number of alleles and body condition suggests stocking affected underlying genetic diversity of recipient populations and the overall productivity of the population. These relationships may result from poor performance of stocked fish, outbreeding depression, or density-dependent factors. An isolation-by-distance pattern of genetic diversity was apparent in nonstocked populations, but was disrupted in stocked populations, suggesting that stocking affected genetic structure. Overall, demographic factors were related to genetic diversity and stocking appeared to alter allelic frequencies and the genetic structure of Walleye populations in Wisconsin, possibly resulting in disruption of local adaptation. Received September 4, 2013; accepted November 19, 2013
C1 [Waterhouse, Matthew D.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
[Sloss, Brian L.; Isermann, Daniel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
RP Sloss, BL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
EM bsloss@uwsp.edu
FU Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and Sport Fish Restoration
FX Funding was provided by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
and Sport Fish Restoration. The use of trade names or products does not
constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government. Jonathan Hansen and
Thomas Cichosz (WDNR) and Mark Luehring (Great Lakes Indian Fish and
Wildlife Commission) provided demographic and population data. Steve
Gilbert and John Kubisiak (WDNR) provided invaluable guidance in
sampling design and Walleye samples on select lakes. Michael Bozek and
Keith Rice provided experimental design and analytical advice throughout
the study. Ryan Franckowiak and Andrea Musch provided valuable
laboratory, field, and administrative assistance throughout the study.
NR 80
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 18
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 4
PY 2014
VL 143
IS 3
BP 744
EP 756
DI 10.1080/00028487.2014.880742
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AG1YE
UT WOS:000335211300010
ER
PT J
AU Martens, KD
Connolly, PJ
AF Martens, Kyle D.
Connolly, Patrick J.
TI Juvenile Anadromous Salmonid Production in Upper Columbia River Side
Channels with Different Levels of Hydrological Connection
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; COHO SALMON; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CHINOOK SALMON;
ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; ANIMAL POPULATIONS; OFF-CHANNEL; HABITAT USE;
FLOODPLAIN; FISH
AB We examined the contribution of three types of side channels based on their hydrologic connectivity (seasonally disconnected, partially connected, and connected) to production of juvenile anadromous salmonids. Juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss and Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha were found in all three of these side channel types and in each year of the study. Upon connection with the main stem at high flows, the seasonally disconnected side channels experienced an emptying out of the previous year's fish while filling with young-of-year fish during the 2- to 4-month period of hydrologic connection. There were no differences between the densities of juvenile steelhead and Chinook Salmon and the rate of smolts produced among the three types of side channels. Recently reintroduced Coho Salmon O. kisutch had sporadic presence and abundance in partially and connected side channels, but the smolt production rate was over two times that of steelhead and Chinook Salmon in seasonally disconnected side channels. Within seasonally disconnected side channels, young-of-year salmonids in deep pools (>= 100cm) had greater survival than those in shallow pools (<100cm). Densities of juvenile steelhead in all side channel types were similar to those in tributaries and were higher than in main-stem lateral margins. Juvenile Chinook Salmon densities were higher in side channels than in both tributary and main-stem lateral margins. Our results suggest that improving quality of pool habitat within seasonally disconnected side channels can result in improved survival for juvenile anadromous salmonids during the period of disconnection. Habitat improvement in these seasonally disconnected side channels should be recognized as a worthy restoration strategy, especially when full connectivity of side channels may not be a feasible target (e.g., through lack of water availability) or when full connectivity may present too high a risk (e.g., flooding, stream capture, bank destabilization). Received August 30, 2013; accepted December 9, 2013
C1 [Martens, Kyle D.; Connolly, Patrick J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Martens, KD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM kmartens@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
FX Much of the field work was conducted by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
personnel, including Wesley Tibbits, Grace Eger Watson, Teresa Fish,
Nick Glaser, Kyle Koger, Keith Watson, Alison Duranleau, Emily Lang,
Cara Bell, and others. Additional field assistance was supplied by Idaho
State University's James Ryan Bellmore and David Ayers. Access was
granted to work on the side channels from various landowners including:
Jim Habermehl and Blaine Rogers. The Methow River work was supported
from a larger effort funded by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, which was
administered by Michael Newsom. We would like to thank Jennifer
Molesworth of the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Ted Jones of the USGS, and
two anonymous reviewers for reviewing this manuscript. Any use of trade
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 65
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 8
U2 39
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 4
PY 2014
VL 143
IS 3
BP 757
EP 767
DI 10.1080/00028487.2014.880740
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AG1YE
UT WOS:000335211300001
ER
PT J
AU Paxton, KL
Cohen, EB
Paxton, EH
Nemeth, Z
Moore, FR
AF Paxton, Kristina L.
Cohen, Emily B.
Paxton, Eben H.
Nemeth, Zoltan
Moore, Frank R.
TI El Nino-Southern Oscillation Is Linked to Decreased Energetic Condition
in Long-Distance Migrants
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; MIGRATORY BIRD; SPRING MIGRATION;
REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SETOPHAGA-RUTICILLA; BREEDING GROUNDS;
REGIONAL-SCALE; ARRIVAL DATE; SONGBIRD; CLIMATE
AB Predicting how migratory animals respond to changing climatic conditions requires knowledge of how climatic events affect each phase of the annual cycle and how those effects carry-over to subsequent phases. We utilized a 17-year migration dataset to examine how El Nino-Southern Oscillation climatic events in geographically different regions of the Western hemisphere carry-over to impact the stopover biology of several intercontinental migratory bird species. We found that migratory birds that over-wintered in South America experienced significantly drier environments during El Nino years, as reflected by reduced Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values, and arrived at stopover sites in reduced energetic condition during spring migration. During El Nino years migrants were also more likely to stopover immediately along the northern Gulf coast of the southeastern U. S. after crossing the Gulf of Mexico in small suboptimal forest patches where food resources are lower and migrant density often greater than larger more contiguous forests further inland. In contrast, NDVI values did not differ between El Nino and La Nina years in Caribbean-Central America, and we found no difference in energetic condition or use of coastal habitats for migrants en route from Caribbean-Central America wintering areas. Birds over-wintering in both regions had consistent median arrival dates along the northern Gulf coast, suggesting that there is a strong drive for birds to maintain their time program regardless of their overall condition. We provide strong evidence that not only is the stopover biology of migratory landbirds influenced by events during the previous phase of their life-cycle, but where migratory birds over-winter determines how vulnerable they are to global climatic cycles. Increased frequency and intensity of ENSO events over the coming decades, as predicted by climatic models, may disproportionately influence long-distance migrants over-wintering in South America.
C1 [Paxton, Kristina L.; Moore, Frank R.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
[Cohen, Emily B.] Migratory Bird Ctr, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC USA.
[Paxton, Eben H.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Nemeth, Zoltan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Neurobiol Physiol & Behav, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Paxton, KL (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
EM kpaxton@hawaii.edu
OI Paxton, Eben/0000-0001-5578-7689
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0554754, IBN 0078189, IOS 844703]
FX Funding for this research was provided by National Science Foundation
grants to FRM (DEB 0554754, IBN 0078189, IOS 844703). The funders had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 70
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 49
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 2
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 5
AR e95383
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0095383
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AI1ZS
UT WOS:000336655700028
PM 24788978
ER
PT J
AU Brunner, J
AF Brunner, Jennifer
TI Bridging the gap between wild and laboratory animals
SO LAB ANIMAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 USGS, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Brunner, J (reprint author), USGS, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0093-7355
EI 1548-4475
J9 LAB ANIMAL
JI Lab Anim.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 5
BP 175
EP 175
PG 1
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AZ2ZC
UT WOS:000348096700022
PM 24751854
ER
PT J
AU Yang, LQ
Deng, J
Goldfarb, RJ
Zhang, J
Gao, BF
Wang, ZL
AF Yang, Li-Qiang
Deng, Jun
Goldfarb, Richard J.
Zhang, Jing
Gao, Bang-Fei
Wang, Zhong-Liang
TI Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronological constraints on the formation of the
Dayingezhuang gold deposit: New implications for timing and duration of
hydrothermal activity in the Jiaodong gold province, China
SO GONDWANA RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Dayingezhuang; Orogenic gold; Geochronology; Linglong MCC; Jiaodong,
China
ID LU FAULT ZONE; ULTRAHIGH-PRESSURE TERRANE; ANGLE NORMAL FAULTS;
ORE-FORMING FLUIDS; U-PB ZIRCON; EASTERN CHINA; SHANDONG PROVINCE; NORTH
CHINA; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; CRUSTAL EVOLUTION
AB China's largest gold resource is located in the highly endowed northwestern part of the Jiaodong gold province. Most gold deposits in this area are associated with the NE-to NNE-trending shear zones on the margins of the 130-126 Ma Guojialing granite. These deposits collectively formed at ca. 120 +/- 5 Ma during rapid uplift of the granite. The Dayingezhuang deposit is a large (>120 t Au) orogenic gold deposit in the same area, but located along the eastern margin of the Late Jurassic Linglong Metamorphic Core Complex. New Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology on hydrothermal sericite and muscovite from the Dayingezhuang deposit indicate the gold event is related to evolution of the core complex at 130 +/- 4 Ma and is the earliest important gold event that is well-documented in the province. The Dayingezhuang deposit occurs along the Linglong detachment fault, which defines the eastern edge of the ca. 160-150 Ma Linglong granite-granodiorite massif. The anatectic rocks of the massif were rapidly uplifted, at rates of at least 1 km/m.y. from depths of 25-30 km, to form the metamorphic core complex. The detachment fault, with Precambrian metamorphic basement rocks in the hangingwall and the Linglong granitoids and migmatites in the footwall, is characterized by early mylonitization and a local brittle overprinting in the footwall. Gold is associated with quartz-sericite-pyrite-K-feldspar altered footwall cataclasites at the southernmost area of the brittle deformation along the detachment fault. Our results indicate that there were two successive, yet distinct gold-forming tectonic episodes in northwestern Jiaodong. One event first reactivated the detachment fault along the edge of the Linglong massif between 134 and 126 Ma, and then a second reactivated the shears along the margins of the Guojialing granite. Both events may relate to a component of northwest compression after a middle Early Cretaceous shift from regional NW-SE extension to a NE-SW extensional regime. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier BM, on behalf of International Association for Gondwana Research
C1 [Yang, Li-Qiang; Deng, Jun; Goldfarb, Richard J.; Zhang, Jing; Wang, Zhong-Liang] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Geol Proc & Mineral Resources, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Goldfarb, Richard J.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Gao, Bang-Fei] China Railway Resources Mineral Explorat Co, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
RP Yang, LQ (reprint author), China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Geol Proc & Mineral Resources, 29 Xue Yuan Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM lqyang@cugb.edu.cn; goldlarb@usgs.gov
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41230311, 40872068,
40672064, 40572063]; National Science and Technology Support Program
[2011BABO4B09]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents
[NCET-09-0710]; 111 Project [B07011]; Changjiang Scholars and Innovative
Research Team in University, the Ministry of Education, China [IRT0755]
FX We are very grateful to Associate Professor Roberto Weinberg of Monash
University, who reviewed an early version of our manuscript with very
constructive comments that greatly improved it, as well as comments from
Stephanie Mills and Ryan Taylor. Thanks are given to Profs. Franco
Pirajno, Shengrong Li and the Editor Prof. M. Santosh for their
significant and constructive comments on this manuscript. This work was
financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant Nos. 41230311, 40872068, 40672064 and 40572063), the
National Science and Technology Support Program (Grant No.
2011BABO4B09), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents (Grant No.
NCET-09-0710), 111 Project (Grant No. B07011) and Changjiang Scholars
and Innovative Research Team in University, the Ministry of Education,
China (Grant No. IRT0755).
NR 105
TC 61
Z9 74
U1 3
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1342-937X
EI 1878-0571
J9 GONDWANA RES
JI Gondwana Res.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 4
SI SI
BP 1469
EP 1483
DI 10.1016/j.gr.2013.07.001
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AY0IB
UT WOS:000347279400013
ER
PT J
AU Sohn, MF
Knott, JR
Mahan, SA
AF Sohn, Marsha F.
Knott, Jeffrey R.
Mahan, Shannon A.
TI Paleoseismology of the Southern Section of the Black Mountains and
Southern Death Valley Fault Zones, Death Valley, United States
SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Paleoseismicity; OSL Ages; Slip Rates; Recurrence Intervals; Death
Valley; CA
ID QUATERNARY FAULTS; LATE PLEISTOCENE; RANGE PROVINCE; GREAT-BASIN;
CALIFORNIA; NEVADA; DISPLACEMENT; SCARPS; RATES; AGES
AB The Death Valley Fault System (DVFS) is part of the southern Walker Lane-eastern California shear zone. The normal Black Mountains Fault Zone (BMFZ) and the right-lateral Southern Death Valley Fault Zone (SDVFZ) are two components of the DVFS. Estimates of late Pleistocene-Holocene slip rates and recurrence intervals for these two fault zones are uncertain owing to poor relative age control. The BMFZ southernmost section (Section 1W) steps basinward and preserves multiple scarps in the Quaternary alluvial fans. We present optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dates ranging from 27 to 4 ka of fluvial and eolian sand lenses interbedded with alluvial-fan deposits offset by the BMFZ. By cross-cutting relations, we infer that there were three separate ground-rupturing earthquakes on BMFZ Section 1W with vertical displacement between 5.5 m and 2.75 m. The slip-rate estimate is similar to 0.2 to 1.8 mm/yr, with an earthquake recurrence interval of 4,500 to 2,000 years. Slip-per-event measurements indicate Mw 7.0 to 7.2 earthquakes. The 27-4-ka OSL-dated alluvial fans also overlie the putative Cinder Hill tephra layer. Cinder Hill is offset,213 m by SDVFZ, which yields a tentative slip rate of 1 to 8 mm/yr for the SDVFZ.
C1 [Sohn, Marsha F.; Knott, Jeffrey R.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Geol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA.
[Mahan, Shannon A.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr MS 974, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Sohn, MF (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Geol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA.
EM m_fronterhouse@yahoo.com
OI Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774
FU California State University Fullerton Special Fund; American Chemical
Society-Petroleum Research Fund Type B [43505-B8, 46581-UFS]; U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS)
FX Funding for this project was provided by a grant from the California
State University Fullerton Special Fund for Research, Scholarship, and
Creative Activity to J. R. Knott. Support was also provided through
American Chemical Society-Petroleum Research Fund Type B (43505-B8) and
Undergraduate Faculty Sabbatical (46581-UFS) grants. Dr. David Miller of
the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provided helpful discussions and
travel funds to Denver, CO. We thank Death Valley National Park for
permitting the work and Dr. Adam Woods and Dr. David Bowman for
assistance in sampling and surveying. The USGS Luminescence Laboratory
performed the OSL analysis. Dr. Roy Shlemon and Eldon Gath patiently
reviewed earlier versions of the manuscript.
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 14
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1078-7275
EI 1558-9161
J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI
JI Environ. Eng. Geosci.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2
BP 177
EP 197
PG 21
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA AS6HD
UT WOS:000344364000005
ER
PT J
AU Goossens, D
Buck, BJ
Teng, YX
Robins, C
Goldstein, HL
AF Goossens, Dirk
Buck, Brenda J.
Teng, Yuanxin
Robins, Colin
Goldstein, Harland L.
TI Effect of Sulfate and Carbonate Minerals on Particle-Size Distributions
in Arid Soils
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID MOJAVE DESERT; GRAIN-SIZE; SALT MINERALOGY; CALIFORNIA; USA; MORPHOLOGY;
THRESHOLD; HORIZONS; CLIMATE; NEVADA
AB Arid soils pose unique problems during measurement and interpretation of particle-size distributions (PSDs) because they often contain high concentrations of water-soluble salts. This study investigates the effects of sulfate and carbonate minerals on grain-size analysis by comparing analyses in water, in which the minerals dissolve, and isopropanol (IPA), in which they do not. The presence of gypsum, in particular, substantially affects particle-size analysis once the concentration of gypsum in the sample exceeds the mineral's solubility threshold. For smaller concentrations particle-size results are unaffected. This is because at concentrations above the solubility threshold fine particles cement together or bind to coarser particles or aggregates already present in the sample, or soluble mineral coatings enlarge grains. Formation of discrete crystallites exacerbates the problem. When soluble minerals are dissolved the original, insoluble grains will become partly or entirely liberated. Thus, removing soluble minerals will result in an increase in measured fine particles. Distortion of particle-size analysis is larger for sulfate minerals than for carbonate minerals because of the much higher solubility in water of the former. When possible, arid soils should be analyzed using a liquid in which the mineral grains do not dissolve, such as IPA, because the results will more accurately reflect the PSD under most arid soil field conditions. This is especially important when interpreting soil and environmental processes affected by particle size.
C1 [Goossens, Dirk; Buck, Brenda J.; Teng, Yuanxin] Univ Nevada, Dept Geosci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
[Goossens, Dirk] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Geog Res Grp, Dept Earth & Environ Sci, Geoinst, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
[Robins, Colin] Claremont Mckenna Coll, WM Keck Sci Dept, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
[Robins, Colin] Pitzer Coll, WM Keck Sci Dept, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
[Robins, Colin] Scripps Coll, WM Keck Sci Dept, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
[Goldstein, Harland L.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environ Change Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Buck, BJ (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Geosci, 4505 S Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
EM buckb@unlv.nevada.edu
OI Robins, Colin/0000-0002-1735-0694
FU Southern Nevada Public Lands Management Act [2005-UNLV-609F]
FX Samples for this study were collected as part of Clark County Desert
Conservation Program (CCDCP) project no. 2005-UNLV-609F, funded by the
Southern Nevada Public Lands Management Act to further implement the
Clark County Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan. Erik Baker and
Nick Wahnefried assisted in the removal of gypsum and carbonate from the
original soil samples. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
EI 1435-0661
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 3
BP 881
EP 893
DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.11.0499
PG 13
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA AO7WU
UT WOS:000341564100021
ER
PT J
AU Carrapa, B
Orme, DA
DeCelles, PG
Kapp, P
Cosca, MA
Waldrip, R
AF Carrapa, B.
Orme, D. A.
DeCelles, P. G.
Kapp, P.
Cosca, M. A.
Waldrip, R.
TI Miocene burial and exhumation of the India-Asia collision zone in
southern Tibet: Response to slab dynamics and erosion
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUTURE ZONE; SOUTHWESTERN TIBET; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; CENTRAL HIMALAYA;
LADAKH HIMALAYA; WESTERN NEPAL; RECORD; CONSTRAINTS; HISTORY; ZIRCON
AB The India-Asia collision zone in southern Tibet preserves a record of geodynamic and erosional processes following intercontinental collision. Apatite fission-track and zircon and apatite (U-Th)/He data from the Oligocene-Miocene Kailas Formation, within the India-Asia collision zone, show a synchronous cooling signal at 17 +/- 1 Ma, which is younger than the ca. 26-21 Ma depositional age of the Kailas Formation, constrained by U-Pb and Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology, and requires heating (burial) after ca. 21 Ma and subsequent rapid exhumation. Data from the Gangdese batholith underlying the Kailas Formation also indicate Miocene exhumation. The thermal history of the Kailas Formation is consistent with rapid subsidence during a short-lived phase of early Miocene extension followed by uplift and exhumation driven by rollback and northward underthrusting of the Indian plate, respectively. Significant removal of material from the India-Asia collision zone was likely facilitated by efficient incision of the paleo-Indus River and paleo-Yarlung River in response to drainage reorganization and/or intensification of the Asian monsoon.
C1 [Carrapa, B.; Orme, D. A.; DeCelles, P. G.; Kapp, P.; Waldrip, R.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Cosca, M. A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Carrapa, B (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
OI Kapp, Paul/0000-0002-7173-9908
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-1008527]
FX We thank Peter Reiners and Uttam Chowdhury for analytical help with
(U-Th)/He analyses, and Ding Lin for assistance with obtaining research
permits to work in Tibet. We also thank four anonymous reviewers and
editor James Spotila for constructive criticism. This research was
supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grant EAR-1008527.
NR 42
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 8
U2 51
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 5
BP 443
EP 446
DI 10.1130/G35350.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AM6GF
UT WOS:000339960700022
ER
PT J
AU Sawyer, AH
Lazareva, O
Kroeger, KD
Crespo, K
Chan, CS
Stieglitz, T
Michael, HA
AF Sawyer, Audrey H.
Lazareva, Olesya
Kroeger, Kevin D.
Crespo, Kyle
Chan, Clara S.
Stieglitz, Thomas
Michael, Holly A.
TI Stratigraphic controls on fluid and solute fluxes across the
sediment-water interface of an estuary
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBMARINE GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; BIOLOGICAL
PROCESSES; PERMEABLE SEDIMENTS; COASTAL AQUIFER; NUTRIENT FLUXES; BAY;
TRANSPORT; SALINITY; EXCHANGE
AB Shallow stratigraphic features, such as infilled paleovalleys, modify fresh groundwater discharge to coastal waters and fluxes of saltwater and nutrients across the sediment-water interface. We quantify the spatial distribution of shallow surface water-groundwater exchange and nitrogen fluxes near a paleovalley in Indian River Bay, Delaware, using a hand resistivity probe, conventional seepage meters, and pore-water samples. In the interfluve (region outside the paleovalley) most nitrate-rich fresh groundwater discharges rapidly near the coast with little mixing of saline pore water, and nitrogen transport is largely conservative. In the peat-filled paleovalley, fresh groundwater discharge is negligible, and saltwater exchange is deep (similar to 1 m). Long pore-water residence times and abundant sulfate and organic matter promote sulfate reduction and ammonium production in shallow sediment. Reducing, iron-rich fresh groundwater beneath paleovalley peat discharges diffusely around paleovalley margins offshore. In this zone of diffuse fresh groundwater discharge, saltwater exchange and dispersion are enhanced, ammonium is produced in shallow sediments, and fluxes of ammonium to surface water are large. By modifying patterns of groundwater discharge and the nature of saltwater exchange in shallow sediments, paleovalleys and other stratigraphic features influence the geochemistry of discharging groundwater. Redox reactions near the sediment-water interface affect rates and patterns of geochemical fluxes to coastal surface waters. For example, at this site, more than 99% of the groundwater-borne nitrate flux to the Delaware Inland Bays occurs within the interfluve portion of the coastline, and more than 50% of the ammonium flux occurs at the paleovalley margin.
C1 [Sawyer, Audrey H.; Crespo, Kyle; Chan, Clara S.; Michael, Holly A.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geol Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Lazareva, Olesya] Univ Delaware, Delaware Environm Inst, Newark, DE USA.
[Kroeger, Kevin D.] USGS Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA.
[Stieglitz, Thomas] European Univ Inst, UMR6539, Lab Sci lEnvironm Marin LEMAR, Plouzane, France.
[Michael, Holly A.] Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE USA.
RP Sawyer, AH (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Geol Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM audrey.sawyer@uky.edu
RI Michael, Holly/F-8447-2010; Chan, Clara/B-6420-2011;
OI Chan, Clara/0000-0003-1810-4994; Kroeger, Kevin/0000-0002-4272-2349
FU National Science Foundation Division of Earth Sciences through the
Christina River Basin Critical Zone Observatory [0724971, 0910756];
Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR)
[0814251]; U.S. Geological Survey Coastal & Marine Geology Program
FX This research was funded by the National Science Foundation Division of
Earth Sciences through the Christina River Basin Critical Zone
Observatory (grants 0724971 and 0910756) and an Experimental Program to
Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) seed grant (0814251). The U.S.
Geological Survey Coastal & Marine Geology Program supported
participation of K.D.K. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 44
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 23
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 0024-3590
EI 1939-5590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 3
BP 997
EP 1010
DI 10.4319/lo.2014.59.3.0997
PG 14
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AM5MQ
UT WOS:000339904300028
ER
PT J
AU Rose, KC
Winslow, LA
Read, JS
Read, EK
Solomon, CT
Adrian, R
Hanson, PC
AF Rose, Kevin C.
Winslow, Luke A.
Read, Jordan S.
Read, Emily K.
Solomon, Christopher T.
Adrian, Rita
Hanson, Paul C.
TI Improving the precision of lake ecosystem metabolism estimates by
identifying predictors of model uncertainty
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; GAS-EXCHANGE; FRESH-WATER; CARBON; RADIATION
AB Diel changes in dissolved oxygen are often used to estimate gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) in aquatic ecosystems. Despite the widespread use of this approach to understand ecosystem metabolism, we are only beginning to understand the degree and underlying causes of uncertainty for metabolism model parameter estimates. Here, we present a novel approach to improve the precision and accuracy of ecosystem metabolism estimates by identifying physical metrics that indicate when metabolism estimates are highly uncertain. Using datasets from seventeen instrumented GLEON (Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network) lakes, we discovered that many physical characteristics correlated with uncertainty, including PAR (photosynthetically active radiation, 400-700 nm), daily variance in Schmidt stability, and wind speed. Low PAR was a consistent predictor of high variance in GPP model parameters, but also corresponded with low ER model parameter variance. We identified a threshold (30% of clear sky PAR) below which GPP parameter variance increased rapidly and was significantly greater in nearly all lakes compared with variance on days with PAR levels above this threshold. The relationship between daily variance in Schmidt stability and GPP model parameter variance depended on trophic status, whereas daily variance in Schmidt stability was consistently positively related to ER model parameter variance. Wind speeds in the range of similar to 0.8-3 m s(-1) were consistent predictors of high variance for both GPP and ER model parameters, with greater uncertainty in eutrophic lakes. Our findings can be used to reduce ecosystem metabolism model parameter uncertainty and identify potential sources of that uncertainty.
C1 [Rose, Kevin C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Winslow, Luke A.; Hanson, Paul C.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Read, Jordan S.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI USA.
[Read, Emily K.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA.
[Solomon, Christopher T.] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Quebec City, PQ, Canada.
[Adrian, Rita] Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany.
RP Rose, KC (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM kev.c.rose@gmail.com
RI Solomon, Chris/E-6284-2014;
OI Solomon, Chris/0000-0002-2850-4257; Read, Jordan/0000-0002-3888-6631
FU European Union [244121]; DFG [AD 91/13-1]
FX Data collection and contributions to GLEON were generously supported by
individuals and organizations including Michael Vanni and Susanna Scott
(Acton); Evelyn Gaiser, Hilary Swain, and the Archbold Biological
Station (Annie); Peter Staehr (Castle, Gribsoe, Hampensoe, Vedstedsoe);
the North Temperate Lakes (NTL) Long Term Ecological Research (LTER)
site and the NTL Microbial Observatory (Crystal Bog, Mendota, North
Sparkling Bog, Sparkling, Trout, and Trout Bog); Elizabeth Ryder, Elvira
de Eyto, and the Marine Institute, Co. Mayo, Ireland (Feeagh);
Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries
(Muggelsee), RA was funded by the European Union Project REFRESH
(Contract: 244121) and the DFG project LakeRisk (AD 91/13-1); David
Hamilton and Chris McBride (Rotorua); Guangwei Zhu (Taihu); and Chih-Yu
Chiu (Yuan Yang). This research emerged from discussions amongst authors
at GLEON meetings and workshops. High-throughput computing resources
were provided by the HTCondor project at the University of Wisconsin
Madison. The authors thank Sudeep Chandra, Ulrike Scharfenberger, and
the anonymous reviewers for providing thoughtful comments that improved
the manuscript.
NR 33
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 22
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 1541-5856
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR-METH
JI Limnol. Oceanogr. Meth.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 12
BP 303
EP 312
DI 10.4319/lom.2014.12.303
PG 10
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AM0PM
UT WOS:000339547700002
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, DM
Keafer, BA
Kleindinst, JL
McGillicuddy, DJ
Martin, JL
Norton, K
Pilskaln, CH
Smith, JL
Sherwood, CR
Butman, B
AF Anderson, Donald M.
Keafer, Bruce A.
Kleindinst, Judith L.
McGillicuddy, Dennis J., Jr.
Martin, Jennifer L.
Norton, Kerry
Pilskaln, Cynthia H.
Smith, Juliette L.
Sherwood, Christopher R.
Butman, Bradford
TI Alexandrium fundyense cysts in the Gulf of Maine: Long-term time series
of abundance and distribution, and linkages to past and future blooms
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alexandrium fundyense; Cysts; Resuspension; Gulf of Maine; Harmful algal
bloom; HAB; Red tide; Paralytic shellfish poisoning
ID DINOFLAGELLATE GONYAULAX-TAMARENSIS; PHYSICAL-BIOLOGICAL MODEL; TOXIC
DINOFLAGELLATE; RESTING CYSTS; RED TIDE; COASTAL CURRENT; WESTERN GULF;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; COMPLEX DINOPHYCEAE; SHELLFISH TOXICITY
AB Here we document Alexandrium fundyense cyst abundance and distribution patterns over nine years (1997 and 2004-2011) in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Maine (GOM) and identify linkages between those patterns and several metrics of the severity or magnitude of blooms occurring before and after each autumn cyst survey. We also explore the relative utility of two measures of cyst abundance and demonstrate that GOM cyst counts can be normalized to sediment volume, revealing meaningful patterns equivalent to those determined with dry weight normalization.
Cyst concentrations were highly variable spatially. Two distinct seedbeds (defined here as accumulation zones with > 300 cysts cm(-3)) are evident, one in the Bay of Fundy (BOF) and one in mid-coast Maine. Overall, seedbed locations remained relatively constant through time, but their area varied 3-4 fold, and total cyst abundance more than 10 fold among years. A major expansion of the mid-coast Maine seedbed occurred in 2009 following an unusually intense A. fundyense bloom with visible red-water conditions, but that feature disappeared by late 2010. The regional system thus has only two seedbeds with the bathymetry, sediment characteristics, currents, biology, and environmental conditions necessary to persist for decades or longer. Strong positive correlations were confirmed between the abundance of cysts in both the 0-1 and the 0-3 cm layers of sediments in autumn and geographic measures of the extent of the bloom that occurred the next year (i.e., cysts --> blooms), such as the length of coastline closed due to shellfish toxicity or the southernmost latitude of shellfish closures. In general, these metrics of bloom geographic extent did not correlate with the number of cysts in sediments following the blooms (blooms --> cysts). There are, however, significant positive correlations between 0-3 cm cyst abundances and metrics of the preceding bloom that are indicative of bloom intensity or vegetative cell abundance (e.g., cumulative shellfish toxicity, duration of detectable toxicity in shellfish, and bloom termination date). These data suggest that it may be possible to use cyst abundance to empirically forecast the geographic extent of the forthcoming bloom and, conversely, to use other metrics from bloom and toxicity events to forecast the size of the subsequent cyst population as the inoculum for the next year's bloom. This is an important step towards understanding the excystment/encystment cycle in A. fundyense bloom dynamics while also augmenting our predictive capability for this HAB-forming species in the GOM. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Anderson, Donald M.; Keafer, Bruce A.; Kleindinst, Judith L.; McGillicuddy, Dennis J., Jr.; Norton, Kerry; Smith, Juliette L.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Martin, Jennifer L.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Biol Stn, St Andrews, NB E5B 2L9, Canada.
[Pilskaln, Cynthia H.] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA.
[Sherwood, Christopher R.; Butman, Bradford] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Anderson, DM (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM danderson@whoi.edu
FU ECOHAB Grant program through NOAA [NA06NOS4780245, NA09NOS4780193];
ECOHAB Grant program through Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human
Health, National Science Foundation (NSF) [OCE-0430724, OCE-0911031,
OCE-1314642]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
(NIEHS) [1-P50-ES012742-01, 1-P01-ES021923-01]; state of Mane; state of
New Hampshire; state of Massachusetts; Fisheries and Oceans Canada
FX We thank the captains and crews of the R/V Oceanus, Endeavor, Cape
Hatteras and Gulf Challenger for their assistance during cyst surveys.
We also are grateful to the numerous dedicated people that assisted in
the collection of samples, including guest investigators and students
that came from various institutions around the world. Of those, a number
of students from the Northeastern University Cooperative program were
very helpful over many years of the study. Maura Thomas (UMaine), Scott
McCue (WHOI), and personnel from USGS (S. Baldwin, K. McMullen, J.
Borden, and A. Green) contributed greatly to the success of various
cruises. Olga Kosnyrev assisted in preparation of cyst abundance maps,
and the cyst abundance computations were made by Valery Kosnyrev. We
also thank P. Valentine (USGS) and two anonymous reviewers for their
helpful comments. Research support provided by the ECOHAB Grant program
through NOAA Grants NA06NOS4780245 and NA09NOS4780193, and through the
Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, National Science
Foundation (NSF) Grants OCE-0430724, OCE-0911031, and OCE-1314642; and
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Grants
1-P50-ES012742-01 and 1-P01-ES021923-01, and funding through the states
of Mane, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. We are also grateful for
event response funding provided for many of the cruises. Funding for
J.L. Martin was provided by Fisheries and Oceans Canada. This is ECOHAB
contribution no. 761 and PCMHAB contribution no. 10.
NR 71
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 9
U2 55
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 103
BP 6
EP 26
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.10.002
PG 21
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AL0IM
UT WOS:000338810600002
PM 25018592
ER
PT J
AU Butman, B
Aretxabaleta, AL
Dickhudt, PJ
Dalyander, PS
Sherwood, CR
Anderson, DM
Keafer, BA
Signell, RP
AF Butman, Bradford
Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.
Dickhudt, Patrick J.
Dalyander, P. Soupy
Sherwood, Christopher R.
Anderson, Donald M.
Keafer, Bruce A.
Signell, Richard P.
TI Investigating the importance of sediment resuspension in Alexandrium
fundyense cyst population dynamics in the Gulf of Maine
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Sediment transport; Bottom stress; Sediment resuspension; Harmful algal
blooms; Gulf of Maine; Alexandrium fundyense; HAB
ID PHYSICAL-BIOLOGICAL MODEL; GONYAULAX-TAMARENSIS; WESTERN GULF;
DINOFLAGELLATE CYSTS; SETTLING VELOCITY; MASSACHUSETTS BAY;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; TRANSPORT; BLOOMS; GERMINATION
AB Cysts of Alexandrium fundyense, a dinoflagellate that causes toxic algal blooms in the Gulf of Maine, spend the winter as dormant cells in the upper layer of bottom sediment or the bottom nepheloid layer and germinate in spring to initiate new blooms. Erosion measurements were made on sediment cores collected at seven stations in the Gulf of Maine in the autumn of 2011 to explore if resuspension (by waves and currents) could change the distribution of over-wintering cysts from patterns observed in the previous autumn; or if resuspension could contribute cysts to the water column during spring when cysts are viable. The mass of sediment eroded from the core surface at 0.4 Pa ranged from 0.05 kg m(-2) near Grand Manan Island, to 0.35 kg m(-2) in northern Wilkinson Basin. The depth of sediment eroded ranged from about 0.05 mm at a station with sandy sediment at 70 m water depth on the western Maine shelf, to about 1.2 mm in clayey-silt sediment at 250 m water depth in northern Wilkinson Basin. The sediment erodibility measurements were used in a sediment-transport model forced with modeled waves and currents for the period October 1, 2010 to May 31, 2011 to predict resuspension and bed erosion. The simulated spatial distribution and variation of bottom shear stress was controlled by the strength of the semi-diurnal tidal currents, which decrease from east to west along the Maine coast, and oscillatory wave-induced currents, which are strongest in shallow water. Simulations showed occasional sediment resuspension along the central and western Maine coast associated with storms, steady resuspension on the eastern Maine shelf and in the Bay of Fundy associated with tidal currents, no resuspension in northern Wilkinson Basin, and very small resuspension in western Jordan Basin. The sediment response in the model depended primarily on the profile of sediment erodibility, strength and time history of bottom stress, consolidation time scale, and the current in the water column. Based on analysis of wave data from offshore buoys from 1996 to 2012, the number of wave events inducing a bottom shear stress large enough to resuspend sediment at 80 m ranged from 0 to 2 in spring (April and May) and 0 to 10 in winter (October through March). Wave-induced resuspension is unlikely in water greater than about 100 m deep. The observations and model results suggest that a millimeter or so of sediment and associated cysts may be mobilized in both winter and spring, and that the frequency of resuspension will vary interannually. Depending on cyst concentration in the sediment and the vertical distribution in the water column, these events could result in a concentration in the water column of at least 10(4) cysts m(-3). In some years, resuspension events could episodically introduce cysts into the water column in spring, where germination is likely to be facilitated at the time of bloom formation. An assessment of the quantitative effects of cyst resuspension on bloom dynamics in any particular year requires more detailed investigation. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Butman, Bradford; Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.; Dickhudt, Patrick J.; Dalyander, P. Soupy; Sherwood, Christopher R.; Signell, Richard P.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.] Integrated Stat, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Anderson, Donald M.; Keafer, Bruce A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Butman, B (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM bbutman@usgs.gov
OI Aretxabaleta, Alfredo/0000-0002-9914-8018; Signell,
Richard/0000-0003-0682-9613; Dalyander, P. Soupy/0000-0001-9583-0872
FU Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health; National Science
Foundation [OCE-0430724, OCE-0911031]; National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences [1-P50-ES012742-01]; ECOHAB Grant program
through NOAA [NA06NOS4780245, A09NOS4780193]; MERHAB Grant program
through NOAA [NA11NOS4780025]; PCMHAB Grant program through NOAA
[NA11NOS4780023]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank the officers and crews of RV Endeavor and Oceanus for skillful
assistance in sediment sampling operations. Jon Borden, Sandy Baldwin,
and Kate McMullen (USGS) assisted in core collection and sample
processing at sea, and Kate McMullen did all the sediment texture
analysis. Kerry Norton (WHOI) assisted in collection of the Craib cores
and counted the UGEMS samples for cyst concentrations. Sean Lucey, NOAA
Northeast Fisheries Science Center Ecosystem Assessment Program,
provided the SASI bottom trawling estimates. Changsheng Chen (UMASS
Dartmouth) ran the FVCOM forecasts that are provided online at the
archive http://www.smast.umassd.edu:8080/thredds/archives.html. Three
anonymous reviewers and Page Valentine provided very thorough and
helpful reviews of the manuscript. D. Shull provided insight and
additional runs of a sediment bed model to help clarify the role of
mixing. C. Pilskaln provided a helpful review and insight on sediment
trap results. D. McGillicuddy provided several careful and constructive
reviews. Research support to Donald M. Anderson and Bruce A. Keafer
provided through the Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health;
National Science Foundation Grants OCE-0430724 and OCE-0911031; and
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Grant
1-P50-ES012742-01; the ECOHAB Grant program through NOAA Grants
NA06NOS4780245 and A09NOS4780193; the MERHAB Grant program through NOAA
Grant NA11NOS4780025; and the PCMHAB Grant program through NOAA Grant
NA11NOS4780023. This is ECOHAB contribution 746, MERHAB contribution
169, and PCMHAB contribution 8. Research support to all other authors
was provided by U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 71
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 103
BP 79
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.10.011
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AL0IM
UT WOS:000338810600007
PM 25288829
ER
PT J
AU Aretxabaleta, AL
Butman, B
Signell, RP
Dalyander, PS
Sherwood, CR
Sheremet, VA
McGillicuddy, DJ
AF Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.
Butman, Bradford
Signell, Richard P.
Dalyander, P. Soupy
Sherwood, Christopher R.
Sheremet, Vitalii A.
McGillicuddy, Dennis J., Jr.
TI Near-bottom circulation and dispersion of sediment containing
Alexandrium fundyense cysts in the Gulf of Maine during 2010-2011
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Sediment connectivity; Near-bottom circulation; Harmful Algal Bloom
cysts; Gulf of Maine; Alexandrium fundyense; Particle tracking
ID COASTAL CURRENT; SETTLING VELOCITY; WINTER CIRCULATION; WESTERN GULF;
MODEL; CONNECTIVITY; POPULATIONS; VARIABILITY; DEPOSITION; DYNAMICS
AB The life cycle of Alexandrium fundyense in the Gulf of Maine includes a dormant cyst stage that spends the winter predominantly in the bottom sediment. Wave-current bottom stress caused by storms and tides induces resuspension of cyst-containing sediment during winter and spring. Resuspended sediment could be transported by water flow to different locations in the Gulf and the redistribution of sediment containing A. fundyense cysts could alter the spatial and temporal manifestation of its spring bloom. The present study evaluates model near-bottom flow during storms, when sediment resuspension and redistribution are most likely to occur, between October and May when A. fundyense cells are predominantly in cyst form. Simulated water column sediment (mud) concentrations from representative locations of the Gulf are used to initialize particle tracking simulations for the period October 2010-May 2011. Particles are tracked in full three-dimensional model solutions including a sinking velocity characteristic of cyst and aggregated mud settling (0.1 mm s(-)1). Although most of the material was redeposited near the source areas, small percentages of total resuspended sediment from some locations in the western (similar to 4%) and eastern (2%) Maine shelf and the Bay of Fundy (1%) traveled distances longer than 100 km before resettling. The redistribution changed seasonally and was sensitive to the prescribed sinking rate. Estimates of the amount of cysts redistributed with the sediment were small compared to the inventory of cysts in the upper few centimeters of sediment but could potentially have more relevance immediately after deposition. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.; Butman, Bradford; Signell, Richard P.; Dalyander, P. Soupy; Sherwood, Christopher R.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.] Integrated Stat, Woods Hole, MA USA.
[Sheremet, Vitalii A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Narragansett, RI USA.
[McGillicuddy, Dennis J., Jr.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Aretxabaleta, AL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM aaretxabaleta@usgs.gov
OI Aretxabaleta, Alfredo/0000-0002-9914-8018; Signell,
Richard/0000-0003-0682-9613; Dalyander, P. Soupy/0000-0001-9583-0872
FU U.S. Geological Survey; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
[NA06NOS4780245]; Woods Hole Center for Oceans; Human Health through
National Science Foundation [OCE-1314642]; National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences [1P01ES021923-01]; North East Consortium
Grant [NA05NMF4721057]
FX Research support to all authors, except DJM and VAS, was provided by
U.S. Geological Survey. DJM gratefully acknowledges financial support of
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Grant
NA06NOS4780245 for the Gulf of Maine Toxicity (GOMTOX) program) and the
Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health through National Science
Foundation Grant OCE-1314642 and National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences Grant 1P01ES021923-01. VAS was supported by the North
East Consortium Grant NA05NMF4721057. Changsheng Chen (UMASS Dartmouth)
ran the FVCOM forecasts that are provided online at the archive
http://www.smast.umassd.edu:8080/thredds/dodsC/fvcom/archives/necofs
gom3.html. Buoy data was obtained from the NERACOOS website
(www.neracoos.gov). The authors thank Pat Dickhudt for helpful comments
and discussions and Jim Manning for his insight into the eMOLT current
dataset. We also thank Z. Defne (USGS), D. N. Belknap (U. Maine) and an
anonymous reviewer for their comments and suggestions that improved the
manuscript.
NR 52
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 103
BP 96
EP 111
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.11.003
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AL0IM
UT WOS:000338810600008
PM 26045635
ER
PT J
AU Celebi, M
Toksoz, N
Buyukozturk, O
AF Celebi, Mehmet
Toksoez, Nafi
Bueyuekoztuerk, Oral
TI Rocking Behavior of an Instrumented Unique Building on the MIT Campus
Identified from Ambient Shaking Data
SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA
LA English
DT Article
ID EARTHQUAKE
AB A state-of-the-art seismic monitoring system comprising 36 accelerometers and a data-logger with real-time capability was recently installed at Building 54 on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's (MIT) Cambridge, MA, campus. The system is designed to record translational, torsional, and rocking motions, and to facilitate the computation of drift between select pairs of floors. The cast-in-place, reinforced concrete building is rectangular in plan but has vertical irregularities. Heavy equipment is installed asymmetrically on the roof. Spectral analyses and system identification performed on five sets of low-amplitude ambient data reveal distinct and repeatable fundamental translational frequencies in the structural NS and EW directions (0.75 Hz and 0.68 Hz, respectively), a torsional frequency of 1.49 Hz, a rocking frequency of 0.75 Hz, and very low damping. Such results from low-amplitude data serve as a baseline against which to compare the behavior and performance of the building during stronger shaking caused by future earthquakes in the region.
C1 [Celebi, Mehmet] USGS, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Toksoez, Nafi; Bueyuekoztuerk, Oral] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Celebi, M (reprint author), USGS, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST
PI OAKLAND
PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA
SN 8755-2930
EI 1944-8201
J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA
JI Earthq. Spectra
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 2
BP 705
EP 720
DI 10.1193/032112EQS102M
PG 16
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA AK1LI
UT WOS:000338176200007
ER
PT J
AU Rezaeian, S
Bozorgnia, Y
Idriss, IM
Abrahamson, N
Campbell, K
Silva, W
AF Rezaeian, Sanaz
Bozorgnia, Yousef
Idriss, I. M.
Abrahamson, Norman
Campbell, Kenneth
Silva, Walter
TI Damping Scaling Factors for Elastic Response Spectra for Shallow Crustal
Earthquakes in Active Tectonic Regions: "Average" Horizontal Component
SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUND-MOTION; REDUCTION FACTORS; PREDICTION; DURATION; EQUATIONS; SITE
AB Ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) for elastic response spectra are typically developed at a 5% viscous damping ratio. In reality, however, structural and nonstructural systems can have other damping ratios. This paper develops a new model for a damping scaling factor (DSF) that can be used to adjust the 5% damped spectral ordinates predicted by a GMPE for damping ratios between 0.5% to 30%. The model is developed based on empirical data from worldwide shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regions. Dependencies of the DSF on potential predictor variables, such as the damping ratio, spectral period, ground motion duration, moment magnitude, source-to-site distance, and site conditions, are examined. The strong influence of duration is captured by the inclusion of both magnitude and distance in the DSF model. Site conditions show weak influence on the DSF. The proposed damping scaling model provides functional forms for the median and logarithmic standard deviation of DSF, and is developed for both RotD50 and GMRotI50 horizontal components. A follow-up paper develops a DSF model for vertical ground motion.
C1 [Rezaeian, Sanaz] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Bozorgnia, Yousef] Univ Calif Berkeley, Pacific Earthquake Engn Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Idriss, I. M.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Abrahamson, Norman] Pacific Gas & Elect Co, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Campbell, Kenneth] EQECAT Inc, Beaverton, OR USA.
[Silva, Walter] Pacific Engn & Anal, El Cerrito, CA USA.
RP Rezaeian, S (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM sanazr128@yahoo.com
FU Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER); California
Earthquake Authority; California Department of Transportation; Pacific
Gas & Electric Company; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This study was sponsored by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research
Center (PEER) and funded by the California Earthquake Authority,
California Department of Transportation, the Pacific Gas & Electric
Company, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Any opinions, findings, and
conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of
the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the above mentioned
agencies. We would like to thank all the NGA model developers and
supporting researchers for their assistance and valuable feedback
throughout this project. Efforts and cooperation of Dr. Tim Ancheta in
development of the database are gratefully acknowledged. The valuable
feedback from Dr. Nicolas Luco, Dr. Julian Bommer, and anonymous
reviewers of this paper are appreciated.
NR 45
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 10
PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST
PI OAKLAND
PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA
SN 8755-2930
EI 1944-8201
J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA
JI Earthq. Spectra
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 2
BP 939
EP 963
DI 10.1193/100512EQS298M
PG 25
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA AK1LI
UT WOS:000338176200017
ER
PT J
AU Barbaree, BA
Nelson, SK
Dugger, BD
Roby, DD
Carter, HR
Whitworth, DL
Newman, SH
AF Barbaree, Blake A.
Nelson, S. Kim
Dugger, Bruce D.
Roby, Daniel D.
Carter, Harry R.
Whitworth, Darrell L.
Newman, Scott H.
TI Nesting ecology of Marbled Murrelets at a remote mainland fjord in
southeast Alaska
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; alcid; Brachyramphus marmoratus; breeding; Marbled Murrelet;
telemetry
ID ENDANGERED SEABIRD; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; BREEDING SUCCESS; PORT
SNETTISHAM; TROPHIC LEVEL; POPULATION; RADIOTELEMETRY; FRAGMENTATION;
LANDSCAPES; CAPTURE
AB Studying the ecology of endangered species in portions of their range where the population remains abundant can provide fundamental information for conservation planners. We studied nesting by radio-tagged Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) during 2007 and 2008 in Port Snettisham, a relatively pristine, remote mainland fjord in southeast Alaska with high at-sea densities of Marbled Murrelets during the breeding season. Of 33 active Marbled Murrelet nest sites located during the study, we found 15 within forested habitat (tree nest sites), 16 in nonforested habitat (ground nest sites), and 2 that could not be determined. Some nests were located farther inland from the coast (range: 1-52 km) and at higher elevations (range: 42-1,100 m) than previously documented in Alaska. Nesting success to >= 20 days posthatch (0.20 +/- 0.07 [SE]) was less than half of similar estimates in British Columbia and more comparable to estimates from California and Washington. A logistic regression found that nesting success did not differ between years, but nesting success was higher for tree nests than for ground nests. Conservation planners should consider that Marbled Murrelets will use certain nonforest habitat types for nesting in mainland southeast Alaska. Our reported nesting success was likely a maximum, and our results indicate that nesting success can be low even when nesting habitat is seemingly abundant and marine habitat appears excellent.
C1 [Barbaree, Blake A.; Dugger, Bruce D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Nelson, S. Kim; Roby, Daniel D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Carter, Harry R.] Carter Biol Consulting, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Whitworth, Darrell L.] Calif Inst Environm Studies, Davis, CA USA.
[Newman, Scott H.] FAO United Nations, Div Anim Hlth, Emergency Ctr Transboundary Anim Dis, EMPRES Wildlife Unit, Rome, Italy.
RP Barbaree, BA (reprint author), Point Blue Conservat Sci, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA.
EM blakebarbaree@yahoo.com
FU Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADFG), Division of Wildlife
Conservation; Department of Fisheries and Wildlife at OSU; U.S.
Geological Survey through the Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit
FX Field research was funded by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game
(ADFG), Division of Wildlife Conservation, through a cooperative
agreement with the EcoHealth Alliance (formerly Wildlife Trust) and
Oregon State University (OSU). Additional funding was provided by the
Department of Fisheries and Wildlife at OSU and the U.S. Geological
Survey through the Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit.
Thanks to M. Rabe (ADFG) for facilitating this research. We thank M.
Kirchhoff (formerly of ADFG), who encouraged us to conduct a
radio-telemetry project on Marbled Murrelets at Port Snettisham and
provided much assistance, field equipment, and fundamental advice. M.
Loverink, owner and chief pilot of Air Excursions in Juneau, Alaska,
along with his employees, went above and beyond all expectations to
provide transportation and high-quality aerial-telemetry flights. Field
support was provided by excellent field and capture crew members G.
Brooks, D. Cushing, T. Haynes, V. Padula, S. Plumb, and S. Thomsen; and
by numerous volunteers, including G. Baluss, R. Barbaree, A.
Deutschlander, P. Hebert, R. Kinsella, M. Kirchhoff, M. Kissling, S.
McAllister, M. Mauntler, S. Moore, Z. Peery, M. Rabe, K. Savage, G. Van
Vliet, and L. Watts.
NR 49
TC 8
Z9 12
U1 5
U2 27
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 2
BP 173
EP 184
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-13-116.1
PG 12
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AK0ID
UT WOS:000338095200003
ER
PT J
AU Olson, BE
Sullivan, KA
Farmer, AH
AF Olson, Bridget E.
Sullivan, Kimberly A.
Farmer, Adrian H.
TI Marbled Godwit migration characterized with satellite telemetry
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE distance; Marbled Godwit; migration; route; satellite transmitters;
stopover; strategy
ID SPRING MIGRATION; BIRD; IMPACTS; ROUTES
AB Marbled Godwits (Limosa fedoa) breed in 3 disparate areas: The majority breed in the prairies of midcontinental North America, but there are also 2 small and widely separated tundra-breeding populations, 1 in eastern Canada and 1 on the Alaska Peninsula, USA. The major winter ranges include the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf coasts of the USA and Mexico. Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge at Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA, is a major stopover site, hosting large godwit populations in the spring and fall. Although the distributions of Marbled Godwit populations and their habitats across the landscape are generally known, the linkages between them are not. We tracked 23 Marbled Godwits equipped with satellite transmitters from sites in Utah, Mexico, Canada, and coastal Georgia during 2006-2010. Our goals were to characterize the migration strategy of Marbled Godwit populations and to determine migratory connectivity of major breeding, staging, and wintering areas. We found that: 1) godwits breeding in the western USA and Canada followed an overland route to winter sites in Mexico after departing their Utah stopover site; 2) godwits tagged in eastern Canada migrated across the continental USA and wintered at sites along the Gulf of California, Mexico; and 3) godwits wintering in coastal Georgia bred in North and South Dakota. We believe this to be the first demonstration of a continental "crisscross" migration pattern in a shorebird. We identified differences in migration elements such as distances traveled, timing of migration, duration, residency, and stopover strategy between the subpopulations, but not between males and females.
C1 [Olson, Bridget E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Litchfield, MN 55355 USA.
[Sullivan, Kimberly A.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Farmer, Adrian H.] Wild Ecol Solut, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Olson, BE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Litchfield, MN 55355 USA.
EM Bridget_Olson@fws.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Ontario Ministry
of Natural Resources; Utah Wetlands Foundation; George S. and Delores
Dore Eccles Foundation; Wilson Conservation Trust; Nature Conservancy;
Microwave Telemetry; ProNatura; Georgia Department of Natural Resources;
Environmental Resources Network
FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors
and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service. This project was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
U.S. Geological Survey, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Utah
Wetlands Foundation, George S. and Delores Dore Eccles Foundation, The
Wilson Conservation Trust, The Nature Conservancy, Microwave Telemetry,
ProNatura, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, and The
Environmental Resources Network. We thank S. Hicks and A. Trout for
moral and financial support at Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Utah;
Dr. Ken Abraham for logistical and capture support at Akimiski Island,
Canada; Xico Vega for logistical support in Mexico; and Brad Winn for
logistical support and capture efforts in Georgia. We are grateful to
the following individuals for assistance in the field: S. Brown, M.
McGarvey, N. Atkins, J. Olson, S. Edler, R. Jacobson, K. Stopher, and T.
Woodward.
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 43
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 2
BP 185
EP 194
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-13-024.1
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AK0ID
UT WOS:000338095200004
ER
PT J
AU Anteau, MJ
Wiltermuth, MT
Sherfy, MH
Shaffer, TL
Pearse, AT
AF Anteau, Michael J.
Wiltermuth, Mark T.
Sherfy, Mark H.
Shaffer, Terry L.
Pearse, Aaron T.
TI The role of landscape features and density dependence in growth and
fledging rates of Piping Plovers in North Dakota, USA
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE body condition; chick survival; demography; Missouri River; recruitment;
shorebird; waterbird
ID MALLARD BROOD SURVIVAL; NEST-SITE SELECTION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS;
SOUTHWESTERN MANITOBA; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BREEDING MALLARDS;
ECOLOGICAL TRAP; GREAT-PLAINS; HABITAT; RIVER
AB For species with precocial young, survival from hatching to fledging is a key factor influencing recruitment. Furthermore, growth rates of precocial chicks are an indicator of forage quality and habitat suitability of brood-rearing areas. We examined how growth and fledging rates of Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) chicks were influenced by landscape features, such as hatchling density (hatchlings per hectare of remotely sensed habitat [H ha(-1)]), island vs. mainland, and wind fetch (exposure to waves) at 2-km segments (n = 15) of Lake Sakakawea, North Dakota, during 2007-2008. Hatchling growth was comparable with published estimates for other habitats. Models for fledging rate (fledged young per segment) assuming density dependence had more support (w(i) = 96%) than those assuming density independence (w(i) = 4%). Density-dependent processes appeared to influence fledging rate only at densities >5 H ha(-1), which occurred in 19% of the segments we sampled. When areas with densities >5 H ha(-1) were excluded, density-dependence and density-independence models were equally supported (w(i) = 52% and 48%, respectively). Fledging rate declined as the wind fetch of a segment increased. Fledging rate on mainland shorelines was 4.3 times greater than that on islands. Previous work has indicated that plovers prefer islands for nesting, but our results suggest that this preference is not optimal and could lead to an ecological trap for chicks. While other researchers have found nesting-habitat requirements to be gravelly areas on exposed beaches without fine-grain substrates, our results suggest that chicks fledge at lower rates in these habitats. Thus, breeding plovers likely require complexes of these nesting habitats along with protected areas with fine, nutrient-rich substrate for foraging by hatchlings.
C1 [Anteau, Michael J.; Wiltermuth, Mark T.; Sherfy, Mark H.; Shaffer, Terry L.; Pearse, Aaron T.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
RP Anteau, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM manteau@usgs.gov
OI Wiltermuth, Mark/0000-0002-8871-2816
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Missouri River Recovery Program through
Corps' Omaha District Threatened and Endangered Species Section and
Garrison Project Office
FX This study was funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Missouri
River Recovery Program through financial and logistical support from the
Corps' Omaha District Threatened and Endangered Species Section and
Garrison Project Office. We are grateful for technical support from the
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Missouri River Least Tern and Piping Plover Research Team, including
Marsha Sovada, Larry Strong, Jennifer Stucker, and Erin Roche. We
especially thank Melisa Bernard, Betty Euliss, and Nickolas Smith for
their work on remote sensing and GIS. We thank Phil Brown, Deb Buhl, Tom
Buhl, Colin Dovichin, Anthony Hipp, Coral Huber, Casey Kruse, Michael
Morris, Brandi Skone, Nickolas Smith, and Ryan Williamson for help with
project planning and logistics, and the many field technicians for their
assistance with data collection. We thank Courtney Amundson and
anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on earlier versions of this
manuscript. Our field protocols were approved by the USGS Northern
Prairie Wildlife Research Center Animal Care and Use Committee. Any use
of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 54
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 28
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 2
BP 195
EP 204
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-13-001-R1.1
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AK0ID
UT WOS:000338095200005
ER
PT J
AU Forcey, GM
Thogmartin, WE
Linz, GM
McKann, PC
AF Forcey, Greg M.
Thogmartin, Wayne E.
Linz, George M.
McKann, Patrick C.
TI Land use and climate affect Black Tern, Northern Harrier, and Marsh Wren
abundance in the Prairie Pothole Region of the United States
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE abundance maps; Bayesian; hierarchical models; Markov chain Monte Carlo;
North American Breeding Bird Survey; Prairie Pothole Region; wetland
birds
ID BREEDING BIRD SURVEY; RED-WINGED BLACKBIRDS; GRASSLAND BIRDS;
HIERARCHICAL ANALYSIS; CERULEAN WARBLERS; POPULATION-CHANGE; AVIAN
ABUNDANCE; LANDSCAPE-SCALE; COVER DATA; MODEL
AB Bird populations are influenced by many environmental factors at both large and small scales. Our study evaluated the influences of regional climate and land-use variables on the Northern Harrier (Circus cyaneus), Black Tern (Childonias niger), and Marsh Wren (Cistothorus palustris) in the prairie potholes of the upper Midwest of the United States. These species were chosen because their diverse habitat preference represent the spectrum of habitat conditions present in the Prairie Potholes, ranging from open prairies to dense cattail marshes. We evaluated land-use covariates at three logarithmic spatial scales (1,000 ha, 10,000 ha, and 100,000 ha) and constructed models a priori using information from published habitat associations and climatic influences. The strongest influences on the abundance of each of the three species were the percentage of wetland area across all three spatial scales and precipitation in the year preceding that when bird surveys were conducted. Even among scales ranging over three orders of magnitude the influence of spatial scale was small, as models with the same variables expressed at different scales were often in the best model subset. Examination of the effects of large-scale environmental variables on wetland birds elucidated relationships overlooked in many smaller-scale studies, such as the influences of climate and habitat variables at landscape scales. Given the spatial variation in the abundance of our focal species within the prairie potholes, our model predictions are especially useful for targeting locations, such as northeastern South Dakota and central North Dakota, where management and conservation efforts would be optimally beneficial. This modeling approach can also be applied to other species and geographic areas to focus landscape conservation efforts and subsequent small-scale studies, especially in constrained economic climates.
C1 [Forcey, Greg M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
[Thogmartin, Wayne E.; McKann, Patrick C.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
[Linz, George M.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Bismarck, ND USA.
RP Forcey, GM (reprint author), Normandeau Associates, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA.
EM research@gregforcey.com
RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008
OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279
FU National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC), a unit within the U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service,
Wildlife Services (WS); Department of Biological Sciences; Graduate
School at North Dakota State University
FX We thank William J. Bleier, Mario E. Biondini, Gary K. Clambey, and Gary
L. Nuechterlein for their contributions to and advice on this study.
David Anderson, Diane Granfors, Rex Johnson, Neal Niemuth, and John
Sauer provided suggestions on the data analyses for this project. We
also thank Eric O'Neal for providing ArcGIS plug-ins to simplify the
spatial analyses of climate and land-use data. Thousands of volunteers
annually conduct Breeding Bird Survey counts and we are grateful for
their efforts. This project was funded by the National Wildlife Research
Center (NWRC), a unit within the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal
Plant and Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services (WS). George M.
Linz served as study director (WS-NWRC QA-1039). Financial support was
also provided by the Department of Biological Sciences and the Graduate
School at North Dakota State University. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names are for descriptive purposes only and do not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 66
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 42
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 2
BP 226
EP 241
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-13-019-R1.1
PG 16
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AK0ID
UT WOS:000338095200008
ER
PT J
AU Lin, GQ
Shearer, PM
Matoza, RS
Okubo, PG
Amelung, F
AF Lin, Guoqing
Shearer, Peter M.
Matoza, Robin S.
Okubo, Paul G.
Amelung, Falk
TI Three-dimensional seismic velocity structure of Mauna Loa and Kilauea
volcanoes in Hawaii from local seismic tomography
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID EAST RIFT-ZONE; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; SOUTH FLANK; REFRACTION MEASUREMENTS;
P-VELOCITY; BENEATH; CALIFORNIA; MANTLE; DEFORMATION; RELOCATION
AB We present a new three-dimensional seismic velocity model of the crustal and upper mantle structure for Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes in Hawaii. Our model is derived from the first-arrival times of the compressional and shear waves from about 53,000 events on and near the Island of Hawaii between 1992 and 2009 recorded by the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory stations. The V-p model generally agrees with previous studies, showing high-velocity anomalies near the calderas and rift zones and low-velocity anomalies in the fault systems. The most significant difference from previous models is in V-p/V-s structure. The high-V-p and high-V-p/V-s anomalies below Mauna Loa caldera are interpreted as mafic magmatic cumulates. The observed low-V-p and high-V-p/V-s bodies in the Kaoiki seismic zone between 5 and 15 km depth are attributed to the underlying volcaniclastic sediments. The high-V-p and moderate- to low-V-p/V-s anomalies beneath Kilauea caldera can be explained by a combination of different mafic compositions, likely to be olivine-rich gabbro and dunite. The systematically low-V-p and low-V-p/V-s bodies in the southeast flank of Kilauea may be caused by the presence of volatiles. Another difference between this study and previous ones is the improved V-p model resolution in deeper layers, owing to the inclusion of events with large epicentral distances. The new velocity model is used to relocate the seismicity of Mauna Loa and Kilauea for improved absolute locations and ultimately to develop a high-precision earthquake catalog using waveform cross-correlation data.
C1 [Lin, Guoqing; Amelung, Falk] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Marine Geol & Geophys, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Shearer, Peter M.; Matoza, Robin S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Okubo, Paul G.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI USA.
RP Lin, GQ (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Marine Geol & Geophys, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM glin@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Lin, Guoqing/B-1002-2009; Shearer, Peter/K-5247-2012
OI Lin, Guoqing/0000-0003-2858-7782; Shearer, Peter/0000-0002-2992-7630
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1246935]
FX We thank the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory for maintaining the
seismic network and making the data available. We are grateful to Jeanne
Hardebeck and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive and
detailed comments. Plots were made using the public domain GMT software
and MATLAB. Data for this paper are available in the supporting
information. Funding for this research was provided by the National
Science Foundation grant EAR-1246935.
NR 55
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 26
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 5
BP 4377
EP 4392
DI 10.1002/2013JB010820
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AJ9EK
UT WOS:000338009800023
ER
PT J
AU Young, HS
McCauley, DJ
Pollock, A
Dirzo, R
AF Young, Hillary S.
McCauley, Douglas J.
Pollock, Amanda
Dirzo, Rodolfo
TI Differential plant damage due to litterfall in palm-dominated forest
stands in a Central Pacific atoll
SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cocos nucifera; diversity; island; litterfall; palm; regeneration
ID SCALE PHYSICAL DISTURBANCE; TROPICAL MOIST FOREST; RAIN-FOREST; SEEDLING
MORTALITY; MECHANICAL DAMAGE; TREE SEEDLINGS; ESTABLISHMENT; FRAGMENTS;
PANAMA; DIVERSITY
AB High densities of palms are common in many tropical forests. In some cases, the dominance of palms has been associated with a depauperate understorey and high rates of native seedling mortality. A variety of different potential mechanisms has been suggested to explain the sustained palm dominance in the understorey and canopy of these forests. Working in a Cocos nucifera-dominated wet tropical forest at Palmyra Atoll in the central Pacific, we examine how litterfall from this pantropical, and economically important palm, impacts seedling survival. We compare rates of litterfall, and rates of litterfall-associated damage, between forest stands dominated by C. nucifera (coconut palm) and forest stands with low abundance of C. nucifera. To assess litterfall damage we survey damage to both artificial seedlings (n = 711), outplanted real seedlings of two species (with and without protection via caging; n = 204), and standing rates of litterfall damage. We find that rates of large-litterfall damage were an average of five times higher in sites with high densities of C. nucifera. Associated with these increases we observe that levels of physical damage to artificial model seedlings caused by litterfall over a 4-mo period increased from 4.9% in sites with low abundance of C. nucifera to 16.1% in sites with high abundance of C. nucifera. Extrapolated to annual rates, litterfall damage of this magnitude exceeds the average levels observed in other published studies. Living native seedlings also showed more than 300% higher levels of mortality in forest stands with high densities of C. nucifera, a difference that was greatly reduced when protected by caging from litterfall. In contrast, uncaged C. nucifera seedlings actually had slightly higher survivorship in habitats dominated by conspecifics. We suggest that litterfall damage may be an important mechanism by which this tropical palm reaches and maintains near monodominance in many coastal and insular habitats.
C1 [Young, Hillary S.; Dirzo, Rodolfo] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Young, Hillary S.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[McCauley, Douglas J.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Pollock, Amanda] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP Young, HS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM hyoung@fas.harvard.edu
FU National Science Foundation; National Geographic Society and US Fish and
Wildlife Service; Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge under a Special
Use Permit
FX We thank the National Science Foundation, National Geographic Society
and US Fish and Wildlife Service for their support of this research.
This research was done within the Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge
under a Special Use Permit issued by the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
We thank J. Wible, L. Anderegg, A. Briggs, W. Anderegg, G. Carroll, P.
DeSalles, Z. Drozdz, C. Hanson, J. McCallen, L. Palumbi, T. Robbins and
J. Tam for their assistance in the field. We thank Len Gillman and
Markus Eichhorn for their careful reviews of this manuscript.
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 9
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0266-4674
EI 1469-7831
J9 J TROP ECOL
JI J. Trop. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 30
BP 231
EP 236
DI 10.1017/S026646741400008X
PN 3
PG 6
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AJ5XC
UT WOS:000337762600006
ER
PT J
AU Pardo, N
Cronin, SJ
Wright, HMN
Schipper, CI
Smith, I
Stewart, B
AF Pardo, Natalia
Cronin, Shane J.
Wright, Heather M. N.
Schipper, C. Ian
Smith, Ian
Stewart, Bob
TI Pyroclast textural variation as an indicator of eruption column
steadiness in andesitic Plinian eruptions at Mt. Ruapehu
SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Computed microtomography (mu-CT); Degassing; Pyroclast; Vesicle size
distribution; X-ray synchrotron
ID HETEROGENEOUS BUBBLE NUCLEATION; EXPLOSIVE VOLCANIC-ERUPTIONS;
CRYSTAL-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; AD 79 ERUPTION; NEW-ZEALAND; RHYOLITIC
MELTS; NUMBER DENSITY; WATER-CONTENT; MAGMA; FRAGMENTATION
AB Between 27 and 11 cal. ka BP, a transition is observed in Plinian eruptions at Mt. Ruapehu, indicating evolution from non-collapsing (steady and oscillatory) eruption columns to partially collapsing columns (both wet and dry). To determine the causes of these variations over this eruptive interval, we examined lapilli fall deposits from four eruptions representing the climactic phases of each column type. All eruptions involve andesite to basaltic andesite magmas containing plagioclase, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene and magnetite phenocrysts. Differences occur in the dominant pumice texture, the degree of bulk chemistry and textural variability, the average microcrystallinity and the composition of groundmass glass. In order to investigate the role of ascent and degassing processes on column stability, vesicle textures were quantified by gas volume pycnometry (porosity), X-ray synchrotron and computed microtomography (mu-CT) imagery from representative clasts from each eruption. These data were linked to groundmass crystallinity and glass geochemistry. Pumice textures were classified into six types (foamy, sheared, fibrous, microvesicular, microsheared and dense) according to the vesicle content, size and shape and microlite content. Bulk porosities vary from 19 to 95 % among all textural types. Meltreferenced vesicle number density ranges between 1.8x10(2) and 8.9x10(2) mm(-3), except in fibrous textures, where it spans from 0.3x10(2) to 53x10(2) mm-3. Vesicle-free magnetite number density varies within an order of magnitude from 0.4x10(2) to 4.5x 10(2) mm(-3) in samples with dacitic groundmass glass and between 0.0 and 2.3x10(2) mm(-3) in samples with rhyolitic groundmass. The data indicate that columns that collapsed to produce pyroclastic flows contained pumice with the greatest variation in bulk composition (which overlaps with but extends to slightly more silicic compositions than other eruptive products); textures indicating heterogeneous bubble nucleation, progressively more complex growth history and shear-localization; and the highest degrees of microlite crystallization, most evolved melt compositions and lowest relative temperatures. These findings suggest that collapsing columns in Ruapehu have been produced when strain localization is prominent, early bubble nucleation occurs and variation in decompression rate across the conduit is greatest. This study shows that examination of pumice from steady phases that precede column collapse may be used to predict subsequent column behaviour.
C1 [Pardo, Natalia; Cronin, Shane J.; Stewart, Bob] Massey Univ, Volcan Risk Solut, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
[Wright, Heather M. N.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Smith, Ian] Univ Auckland, Sch Environm, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
[Schipper, C. Ian] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Geog Environm & Earth Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
[Schipper, C. Ian] Univ Orleans, Inst Sci Terre Orleans, F-45071 Orleans, France.
RP Pardo, N (reprint author), Massey Univ, Volcan Risk Solut, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
EM npardov@gmail.com; S.J.Cronin@massey.ac.nz; hwright@usgs.gov;
schipper.ian@gmail.com; ie.smith@auckland.ac.nz;
R.B.Stewart@massey.ac.nz
OI Wright, Heather/0000-0001-9013-507X; Pardo, Natalia/0000-0002-8247-4116;
Cronin, Shane/0000-0001-7499-603X; Smith, Ian/0000-0001-8473-3372
FU New Zealand Foundation for Research Science and Technology (NZ Natural
Hazards Research Platform); Massey University Doctoral Research
Scholarship; ERC [202844]; Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This study was financed by the New Zealand Foundation for Research
Science and Technology (NZ Natural Hazards Research Platform) programme,
"Living with Volcanic Risk" and by a Massey University Doctoral Research
Scholarship. This study would not have been possible without the help of
Dr. Kate Arentsen with all the logistics behind. We thank
AlastairMcDowell for the assistance with CTscanning at Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory (California), along with Dr. Alain Burgisser and ERC
grant 202844 under the European FP7, for providing the facilities at
ISTO. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U. S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Drs. Katharine Cashman, Ben
Kennedy, Jim Gardner, Alan Palmer and the staff of Volcanic Risk
Solutions at Massey University are gratefully thanked for the
discussions during this project. Doug Hopcroft, Ritchie Sims, Ian
Furkert, Bob Toes and Mike Bretherton assisted in the laboratory. The
discussion here benefited greatly from reviews on an earlier version of
the manuscript by Raffaello Cioni, Margaret Mangan and an anonymous
reviewer. Cynthia Gardner, Thomas Giachetti and Michelle Coombs are
extensively thanked for their detailed reviews.
NR 68
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0258-8900
EI 1432-0819
J9 B VOLCANOL
JI Bull. Volcanol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 76
IS 5
DI 10.1007/s00445-014-0822-x
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AJ6GX
UT WOS:000337790300006
ER
PT J
AU Diffendorfer, JE
Loomis, JB
Ries, L
Oberhauser, K
Lopez-Hoffman, L
Semmens, D
Semmens, B
Butterfield, B
Bagstad, K
Goldstein, J
Wiederholt, R
Mattsson, B
Thogmartin, WE
AF Diffendorfer, Jay E.
Loomis, John B.
Ries, Leslie
Oberhauser, Karen
Lopez-Hoffman, Laura
Semmens, Darius
Semmens, Brice
Butterfield, Bruce
Bagstad, Ken
Goldstein, Josh
Wiederholt, Ruscena
Mattsson, Brady
Thogmartin, Wayne E.
TI National Valuation of Monarch Butterflies Indicates an Untapped
Potential for Incentive-Based Conservation
SO CONSERVATION LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Conservation planning; contingent valuation; ecosystem services; Danaus
plexippus; migration; monarch; willingness to pay
ID CONTINGENT VALUATION; MEXICO; METAANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT; VALUES; RARE;
PAY
AB The annual migration of monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) has high cultural value and recent surveys indicate monarch populations are declining. Protecting migratory species is complex because they cross international borders and depend on multiple regions. Understanding how much, and where, humans place value on migratory species can facilitate market-based conservation approaches. We performed a contingent valuation study of monarchs to understand the potential for such approaches to fund monarch conservation. The survey asked U.S. respondents about the money they would spend, or have spent, growing monarch-friendly plants, and the amount they would donate to monarch conservation organizations. Combining planting payments and donations, the survey indicated U.S. households valued monarchs as a total one-time payment of $4.78-$6.64 billion, levels similar to many endangered vertebrate species. The financial contribution of even a small percentage of households through purchases or donations could generate new funding for monarch conservation through market-based approaches.
C1 [Diffendorfer, Jay E.; Semmens, Darius; Bagstad, Ken] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Loomis, John B.; Goldstein, Josh] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Ries, Leslie] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ries, Leslie] Natl Socioenvironm Synth Ctr, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Oberhauser, Karen] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Lopez-Hoffman, Laura; Wiederholt, Ruscena] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Lopez-Hoffman, Laura; Wiederholt, Ruscena] Univ Arizona, Udall Ctr Studies Publ Policy, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Semmens, Brice] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Butterfield, Bruce] Natl Gardening Assoc, Burlington, VT 05406 USA.
[Mattsson, Brady] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Dept Forest & Soil Sci, Vienna, Austria.
[Thogmartin, Wayne E.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
RP Diffendorfer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jediffendorfer@usgs.gov
RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008;
OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279; Mattsson,
Brady/0000-0002-3182-9538; Diffendorfer, James/0000-0003-1093-6948
FU John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis - U.S. Geological
Survey
FX This work was conducted as part of the "Animal Migration and Spatial
Subsidies: Establishing a Framework for Conservation Markets" working
group supported by the John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and
Synthesis, funded by the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names are for descriptive purposes only and do not
imply endorsement by developed the figures. Two excellent anonymous
reviews improved the article substantially.
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 10
U2 72
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1755-263X
J9 CONSERV LETT
JI Conserv. Lett.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 3
BP 253
EP 262
DI 10.1111/conl.12065
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA AJ3TJ
UT WOS:000337590000013
ER
PT J
AU van Manen, FT
Ebinger, MR
Haroldson, MA
Harris, RB
Higgs, MD
Cherry, S
White, GC
Schwartz, CC
AF van Manen, Frank T.
Ebinger, Michael R.
Haroldson, Mark A.
Harris, Richard B.
Higgs, Megan D.
Cherry, Steve
White, Gary C.
Schwartz, Charles C.
TI Re-Evaluation of Yellowstone Grizzly Bear Population Dynamics not
Supported by Empirical Data: Response to Doak & Cutler
SO CONSERVATION LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Chao estimator; demographic projection; Doak & Cutler; grizzly bears;
population trend; rebuttal; scientific review; Ursus arctos; Yellowstone
ID OF-THE-YEAR; ECOSYSTEM; SENESCENCE; FEMALES; NUMBERS; MODEL
AB Doak and Cutler critiqued methods used by the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team (IGBST) to estimate grizzly bear population size and trend in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Here, we focus on the premise, implementation, and interpretation of simulations they used to support their arguments. They argued that population increases documented by IGBST based on females with cubs-of-the-year were an artifact of increased search effort. However, we demonstrate their simulations were neither reflective of the true observation process nor did their results provide statistical support for their conclusion. They further argued that survival and reproductive senescence should be incorporated into population projections, but we demonstrate their choice of extreme mortality risk beyond age 20 and incompatible baseline fecundity led to erroneous conclusions. The conclusions of Doak and Cutler are unsubstantiated when placed within the context of a thorough understanding of the data, study system, and previous research findings and publications.
C1 [van Manen, Frank T.; Haroldson, Mark A.; Schwartz, Charles C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Interagcy Grizzly Bear Study Team, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Ebinger, Michael R.; Harris, Richard B.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Ebinger, Michael R.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Harris, Richard B.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Game Div, Wildlife Program, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Higgs, Megan D.; Cherry, Steve] Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[White, Gary C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP van Manen, FT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Interagcy Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM fvanmanen@usgs.gov
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1755-263X
J9 CONSERV LETT
JI Conserv. Lett.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 3
BP 323
EP 331
DI 10.1111/conl.12095
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA AJ3TJ
UT WOS:000337590000021
ER
PT J
AU Aiken, GR
Spencer, RGM
Striegl, RG
Schuster, PF
Raymond, PA
AF Aiken, George R.
Spencer, Robert G. M.
Striegl, Robert G.
Schuster, Paul F.
Raymond, Peter A.
TI Influences of glacier melt and permafrost thaw on the age of dissolved
organic carbon in the Yukon River basin
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE dissolved organic matter; permafrost; glaciers; hydrology; Yukon River
basin
ID ARCTIC-OCEAN; ANCIENT PERMAFROST; MATTER; ALASKA; EXPORT; DEGRADATION;
DYNAMICS; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; FLUORESCENCE; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Responses of near-surface permafrost and glacial ice to climate change are of particular significance for understanding long-term effects on global carbon cycling and carbon export by high-latitude northern rivers. Here we report 14C-dissolved organic carbon (DOC) values and dissolved organic matter optical data for the Yukon River, 15 tributaries of the Yukon River, glacial meltwater, and groundwater and soil water end-member sources draining to the Yukon River, with the goal of assessing mobilization of aged DOC within the watershed. Ancient DOC was associated with glacial meltwater and groundwater sources. In contrast, DOC from watersheds dominated by peat soils and underlain by permafrost was typically enriched in 14C indicating that degradation of ancient carbon stores is currently not occurring at large enough scales to quantitatively influence bulk DOC exports from those landscapes. On an annual basis, DOC exported was predominantly modern during the spring period throughout the Yukon River basin and became older through summer-fall and winter periods, suggesting that contributions of older DOC from soils, glacial meltwaters, and groundwater are significant during these months. Our data indicate that rapidly receding glaciers and increasing groundwater inputs will likely result in greater contributions of older DOC in the Yukon River and its tributaries in coming decades.
C1 [Aiken, George R.; Striegl, Robert G.; Schuster, Paul F.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Spencer, Robert G. M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Raymond, Peter A.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
RP Aiken, GR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM graiken@usgs.gov
RI Raymond, Peter/C-4087-2009
OI Raymond, Peter/0000-0002-8564-7860
FU United States Geological Survey National Stream Quality Accounting
Network; USGS National Research Program; NSF [DEB-1145932, OPP-1107774,
ANT-1203885]
FX This study was supported by the United States Geological Survey National
Stream Quality Accounting Network (http://water.usgs.gov/nasqan) and the
USGS National Research Program (http://water.usgs.gov/nrp). R.G.M.S
acknowledges support from NSF grants DEB-1145932, OPP-1107774, and
ANT-1203885. We wish to thank Kenna Butler (USGS-Boulder) for analytical
assistance. We also thank Jonathan O'Donnell of the U.S. National Park
Service and two anonymous reviewers for their critical reviews of the
manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 71
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 13
U2 103
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 5
BP 525
EP 537
DI 10.1002/2013GB004764
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA AJ3ZY
UT WOS:000337609600003
ER
PT J
AU Bradley, DC
McClelland, WC
Friedman, RM
O'Sullivan, P
Layer, PW
Miller, ML
Dumoulin, JA
Till, AB
Abbott, JG
Bradley, DB
Wooden, JL
AF Bradley, Dwight C.
McClelland, William C.
Friedman, Richard M.
O'Sullivan, Paul
Layer, Paul W.
Miller, Marti L.
Dumoulin, Julie A.
Till, Alison B.
Abbott, J. Grant
Bradley, Dan B.
Wooden, Joseph L.
TI Proterozoic Geochronological Links between the Farewell, Kilbuck, and
Arctic Alaska Terranes
SO JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-AMERICAN CORDILLERA; DETRITAL ZIRCON GEOCHRONOLOGY; TECTONIC
IMPLICATIONS; GRANITIC MAGMATISM; EVOLUTION; COMPLEX; RUSSIA;
RECONSTRUCTIONS; GEOCHEMISTRY; CHUKOTKA
AB New U-Pb igneous and detrital zircon ages reveal that despite being separated by younger orogens, three of Alaska's terranes that contain Precambrian rocks-Farewell, Kilbuck, and Arctic Alaska-are related. The Farewell and Kilbuck terranes can be linked by felsic magmatism at ca. 850 Ma and by abundant detrital zircons in the Farewell that overlap the ca. 2010-2085 Ma age range of granitoids in the Kilbuck. The Farewell and Arctic Alaska terranes have already been linked via correlative Neoproterozoic to Devonian carbonate platform deposits that share nearly identical faunas of mixed Siberian and Laurentian affinity. New igneous ages strengthen these ties. Specifically, 988, 979, and 979 Ma metafelsites in the Farewell terrane are close in age to a 971 Ma granitic orthogneiss in the Arctic Alaska terrane. Likewise, 852, 850, 845, and 837 Ma granitic orthogneisses, metafelsite, and rhyolite in the Farewell terrane are similar to the reported 874 to 848 Ma age range of metarhyolites in the Arctic Alaska terrane. The Kilbuck and Arctic Alaska terranes have been previously linked on the basis of provenance: detrital zircons from the Carboniferous Nuka Formation in the Arctic Alaska terrane range from 2013 to 2078 Ma, overlapping the age of Kilbuck granitoids. A new 849 Ma age of a Kilbuck granitoid strengthens the proposed connection. Among the other new results from Kilbuck terrane is a 2085 Ma zircon from a granitoid that now stands as the oldest tightly dated rock in Alaska. We conclude that the Kilbuck, Farewell, and Arctic Alaska terranes were not independent entities with unique geologic histories but instead are related pieces of the circum-Arctic tectonic puzzle.
C1 [Bradley, Dwight C.; Miller, Marti L.; Dumoulin, Julie A.; Till, Alison B.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[McClelland, William C.] Univ Iowa, Dept Geosci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Friedman, Richard M.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[O'Sullivan, Paul] Apatite Zircon, Viola, ID 83872 USA.
[Layer, Paul W.] Univ Alaska, Dept Geol & Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Abbott, J. Grant] Yukon Geol Survey, Dept Energy Mines & Resources, Whitehorse, YT Y1A 2B5, Canada.
[Bradley, Dan B.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Wooden, Joseph L.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Bradley, DC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM dbradley@usgs.gov
NR 58
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 11
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1376
EI 1537-5269
J9 J GEOL
JI J. Geol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 122
IS 3
BP 237
EP 258
DI 10.1086/675663
PG 22
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AJ4TL
UT WOS:000337669100001
ER
PT J
AU Stackpoole, SM
Stets, EG
Striegl, RG
AF Stackpoole, S. M.
Stets, E. G.
Striegl, R. G.
TI The impact of climate and reservoirs on longitudinal riverine carbon
fluxes from two major watersheds in the Central and Intermontane West
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE riverine C transport; dissolved inorganic carbon; dissolved organic
carbon; biogeochemical cycling; Missouri River; Colorado River
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; ORGANIC-CARBON; SYSTEMS; EXPORT; TRANSPORT;
LAND; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; ECOSYSTEMS; CATCHMENTS
AB A nested sampling network on the Colorado (CR) and Missouri Rivers (MR) provided data to assess impacts of large-scale reservoir systems and climate on carbon export. The Load Estimator (LOADEST) model was used to estimate both dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC and DOC) fluxes for a total of 22 sites along the main stems of the CR and MR. Both the upper CR and MR DIC and DOC fluxes increased longitudinally, but the lower CR fluxes decreased while the lower MRs continued to increase. We examined multiple factors through space and time that help explain these flux patterns. Seasonal variability in precipitation and temperature, along with site-level concentration versus discharge relationships proved to be significant factors explaining much of the difference among sites located below reservoirs as compared to sites located in more free-flowing segments of the river. The characterization of variability in carbon exports over space and time provides a basis for understanding carbon cycling and transport within river basins affected by large reservoir systems, particular in arid-to semi-arid ecosystems.
C1 [Stackpoole, S. M.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Stets, E. G.; Striegl, R. G.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Stackpoole, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM sstackpoole@usgs.gov
OI Stets, Edward/0000-0001-5375-0196
FU U.S Geological Survey Land Carbon Project; USGS Powell Center working
group on "Organic Matter Transport by Rivers From Land to Sea"; National
Science Foundation [1240593]
FX This work was supported by the U.S Geological Survey Land Carbon
Project. Additional funding came from the USGS Powell Center working
group on "Organic Matter Transport by Rivers From Land to Sea" and the
National Science Foundation (Award 1240593). The authors thank Lori
Sprague for helpful suggestions and input to early drafts of this
manuscript. We also thank Brian Pellerin and anonymous reviewers for
their valuable comments.
NR 58
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 26
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 5
BP 848
EP 863
DI 10.1002/2013JG002496
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AJ3ZN
UT WOS:000337607900010
ER
PT J
AU van der Wegen, M
Jaffe, BE
AF van der Wegen, M.
Jaffe, B. E.
TI Processes governing decadal-scale depositional narrowing of the major
tidal channel in San Pablo Bay, California, USA
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
DE morphodynamic modeling; estuarine geomorphology; channel-shoal
interactions; tidal channel evolution
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; FRANCISCO BAY; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; INITIAL FORMATION;
PATTERNS; MORPHOLOGY; EVOLUTION; MODELS; MORPHODYNAMICS; NETHERLANDS
AB Bathymetric measurements show that a deep, subtidal channel in San Pablo Bay, California, has consistently narrowed during the past 150years. This raises general questions on the seasonal and intertidal morphodynamic processes acting at the subtidal channel-shoal interface. The current work addresses these questions using a process-based morphodynamic model (Delft3D). Model results reveal considerable morphodynamic activity during a tidal cycle. Deposition on the channel margin is largest during flooding of the shoals. Erosion rates (mainly occuring during ebb) remain relatively small, so that net accretion occurs on much of the channel margin. A remarkable finding is that locally generated wind waves are responsible for shoal extension and depositional channel narrowing. High suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the channel is a critical factor. Apart from sediment supply during high river flow, wind waves suspending sediment on the shoals cause high SSC levels in the channel at ebb. Sensitivity analysis shows that wind direction even determines the location of channel margin accretion. Fluvial sediment supply is another cause of high SSC in the channel. Density currents, 3-D circulation flows, sea level rise, or varied sediment characteristics only have a limited effect on the erosion and sedimentation patterns. A 30year forecast shows that deeper shoals and decreasing fluvial sediment supply lower SSC levels in the channel, limit channel margin accretion, and even lead to net channel margin erosion in some areas. Channel shape thus remains subject to dynamic processes related to local variations in sediment supply, albeit to a more limited extent than in earlier decades.
C1 [van der Wegen, M.] UNESCO IHE, Delft, Netherlands.
[van der Wegen, M.] Deltares, Delft, Netherlands.
[Jaffe, B. E.] USGS, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
RP van der Wegen, M (reprint author), UNESCO IHE, Delft, Netherlands.
EM m.vanderwegen@unesco-ihe.org
RI Jaffe, Bruce/A-9979-2012; van der Wegen, Mick/C-6787-2009
OI Jaffe, Bruce/0000-0002-8816-5920; van der Wegen,
Mick/0000-0002-5227-2679
FU U.S. Geological Survey; CALFED
FX The research is part of the U.S. Geological Survey CASCaDE climate
change project (CASCaDE contribution 33). The authors acknowledge the
U.S. Geological Survey Priority Ecosystem Studies and CALFED for making
this research financially possible. Continuous discussions with Ad van
der Spek (Deltares) have been an inspiration for the current work. Lissa
MacVean (USGS) and Dano Roelvink (UNESCO-IHE, TU Delft, and Deltares)
provided a thorough and stimulating review of the manuscript before
submission to this journal. We highly appreciated review comments by
Alexander Densmore (Editor), Giovanni Coco and Wonsuck Kim (Associate
Editors), and four anonymous reviewers.
NR 71
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 5
BP 1136
EP 1154
DI 10.1002/2013JF002824
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AJ4DH
UT WOS:000337620600010
ER
PT J
AU Barnhart, KR
Anderson, RS
Overeem, I
Wobus, C
Clow, GD
Urban, FE
AF Barnhart, Katherine R.
Anderson, Robert S.
Overeem, Irina
Wobus, Cameron
Clow, Gary D.
Urban, Frank E.
TI Modeling erosion of ice-rich permafrost bluffs along the Alaskan
Beaufort Sea coast
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic coasts; ice-rich permafrost; coastal erosion; oceanographic
change; sea ice; storm surge
ID STORM SURGES; RADIATION; LEVEL; TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE; SURFACE; WATER;
ZONE
AB The Arctic climate is changing, inducing accelerating retreat of ice-rich permafrost coastal bluffs. Along Alaska's Beaufort Sea coast, erosion rates have increased roughly threefold from 6.8 to 19 m yr-1 since 1955 while the sea ice-free season has increased roughly twofold from 45 to 100 days since 1979. We develop a numerical model of bluff retreat to assess the relative roles of the length of sea ice-free season, sea level, water temperature, nearshore wavefield, and permafrost temperature in controlling erosion rates in this setting. The model captures the processes of erosion observed in short-term monitoring experiments along the Beaufort Sea coast, including evolution of melt notches, topple of ice wedge-bounded blocks, and degradation of these blocks. Model results agree with time-lapse imagery of bluff evolution and time series of ocean-based instrumentation. Erosion is highly episodic with 40% of erosion is accomplished during less than 5% of the sea ice-free season. Among the formulations of the submarine erosion rate we assessed, we advocate those that employ both water temperature and nearshore wavefield. As high water levels are a prerequisite for erosion, any future changes that increase the frequency with which water levels exceed the base of the bluffs will increase rates of coastal erosion. The certain increases in sea level and potential changes in storminess will both contribute to this effect. As water temperature also influences erosion rates, any further expansion of the sea ice-free season into the midsummer period of greatest insolation is likely to result in an additional increase in coastal retreat rates.
C1 [Barnhart, Katherine R.; Anderson, Robert S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Barnhart, Katherine R.; Anderson, Robert S.; Overeem, Irina] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wobus, Cameron] Stratus Consulting Inc, Boulder, CO USA.
[Clow, Gary D.; Urban, Frank E.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Barnhart, KR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM katherine.barnhart@colorado.edu
OI Wobus, Cameron/0000-0002-9654-1738
FU NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship [1549613]; Alaska Geological
Society; [ONR-1547946]; [ONR-1544301]; [NSF/OPP-1549620]
FX The authors acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey and Bureau of Land
Management for helicopter support, and thank Shane Walker for support.
CPS Polarfield helped organize field logistics in 2008 and 2009. Adam
LeWinter was critical to the time-lapse camera deployment in 2010. We
thank Tim Stanton for the use of his wave loggers. Gene Ellis helped
complete the coast position surveys. Andy Wickert extracted the relative
sea level change rates and provided helpful discussion. We also thank
our bear guards from 2008 and 2009, Robert Brower and Eben Brower from
Barrow, for their support and companionship during the fieldwork. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The authors
kindly thank JGR Assistant Editor Andrew Ashton, Aart Kroon, two
anonymous reviewers, and Gene Ellis of the U.S. Geological Survey for
extensive comments that significantly improved the quality and clarity
of the manuscript. This research was funded by ONR-1547946, ONR-1544301,
NSF/OPP-1549620 to R. S. A., I.O., and C. W. K. R. B. is supported by a
NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship (award 1549613) and thanks the
Alaska Geological Society for their support. We acknowledge computing
time on the CU-CSDMS High-Performance Computing Cluster. The
oceanographic data presented here is available through the CSDMS data
repository (http://csdms.colorado.edu/wiki/Data_portal).
NR 53
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 5
BP 1155
EP 1179
DI 10.1002/2013JF002845
PG 25
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AJ4DH
UT WOS:000337620600011
ER
PT J
AU Cabrol, NA
Herkenhoff, K
Knoll, AH
Farmer, J
Arvidson, R
Grin, E
Li, RX
Fenton, L
Cohen, B
Bell, JF
Yingst, RA
AF Cabrol, Nathalie A.
Herkenhoff, Kenneth
Knoll, Andrew H.
Farmer, Jack
Arvidson, Raymond
Grin, Edmond
Li, Ronxing
Fenton, Lori
Cohen, Barbara
Bell, James F., III
Yingst, R. Aileen
TI Sands at Gusev Crater, Mars
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; Gusev; Spirit; Sand; Texture; Sedimentology
ID GRAIN-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; SEDIMENT TREND ANALYSIS; SPIRIT ROVER;
IMAGE-ANALYSIS; PARTICLE-SIZE; MAADIM-VALLIS; ROCKS; EXPLORATION;
PARAMETERS; IDENTIFICATION
AB Processes, environments, and the energy associated with the transport and deposition of sand at Gusev Crater are characterized at the microscopic scale through the comparison of statistical moments for particle size and shape distributions. Bivariate and factor analyses define distinct textural groups at 51 sites along the traverse completed by the Spirit rover as it crossed the plains and went into the Columbia Hills. Fine-to-medium sand is ubiquitous in ripples and wind drifts. Most distributions show excess fine material, consistent with a predominance of wind erosion over the last 3.8 billion years. Negative skewness at West Valley is explained by the removal of fine sand during active erosion, or alternatively, by excess accumulation of coarse sand from a local source. The coarse to very coarse sand particles of ripple armors in the basaltic plains have a unique combination of size and shape. Their distribution display significant changes in their statistical moments within the similar to 400 m that separate the Columbia Memorial Station from Bonneville Crater. Results are consistent with aeolian and/or impact deposition, while the elongated and rounded shape of the grains forming the ripples, as well as their direction of origin, could point to Ma'adim Vallis as a possible source. For smaller particles on the traverse, our findings confirm that aeolian processes have dominated over impact and other processes to produce sands with the observed size and shape patterns across a spectrum of geologic (e.g., ripples and plains soils) and aerographic settings (e.g., wind shadows).
C1 [Cabrol, Nathalie A.; Grin, Edmond; Fenton, Lori] Carl Sagan Ctr, SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Cabrol, Nathalie A.; Grin, Edmond] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA USA.
[Herkenhoff, Kenneth] US Geol Survey Astrogeol Team, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
[Knoll, Andrew H.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Farmer, Jack; Bell, James F., III] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Planetary Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA.
[Arvidson, Raymond] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Li, Ronxing] Ohio State Univ, CEGE, Mapping & GIS Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Cohen, Barbara] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Yingst, R. Aileen] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Cabrol, NA (reprint author), Carl Sagan Ctr, SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
EM Nathalie.A.Cabrol@nasa.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration Mars Exploration Rover
mission
FX This work was performed for the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration Mars Exploration Rover mission. The authors want to
especially thank Steve Ostrowski (GIS & Mapping Lab Undergraduate
Research Assistant, The Ohio State University) for generating the map of
Spirit's traverse used in Figure 6. We are also extremely thankful to
Robert Craddock and an anonymous reviewer for their thorough reviews and
constructive remarks and suggestions.
NR 141
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 5
BP 941
EP 967
DI 10.1002/2013JE004535
PG 27
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AJ5AX
UT WOS:000337693900003
ER
PT J
AU Ferrario, F
Beck, MW
Storlazzi, CD
Micheli, F
Shepard, CC
Airoldi, L
AF Ferrario, Filippo
Beck, Michael W.
Storlazzi, Curt D.
Micheli, Fiorenza
Shepard, Christine C.
Airoldi, Laura
TI The effectiveness of coral reefs for coastal hazard risk reduction and
adaptation
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SUBMERGED BREAKWATERS; OCEAN
ACIDIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; REHABILITATION; RESILIENCE; IMPACTS;
MALDIVES; DECLINE
AB The world's coastal zones are experiencing rapid development and an increase in storms and flooding. These hazards put coastal communities at heightened risk, which may increase with habitat loss. Here we analyse globally the role and cost effectiveness of coral reefs in risk reduction. Meta-analyses reveal that coral reefs provide substantial protection against natural hazards by reducing wave energy by an average of 97%. Reef crests alone dissipate most of this energy (86%). There are 100 million or more people who may receive risk reduction benefits from reefs or bear hazard mitigation and adaptation costs if reefs are degraded. We show that coral reefs can provide comparable wave attenuation benefits to artificial defences such as breakwaters, and reef defences can be enhanced cost effectively. Reefs face growing threats yet there is opportunity to guide adaptation and hazard mitigation investments towards reef restoration to strengthen this first line of coastal defence.
C1 [Ferrario, Filippo; Airoldi, Laura] Alma Mater Studiorum Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Sci Biol Geol & Ambientali BiGeA, I-48123 Ravenna, Italy.
[Ferrario, Filippo] Univ Laval, Quebec Ocean, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
[Beck, Michael W.; Shepard, Christine C.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Nat Conservancy, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Storlazzi, Curt D.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Micheli, Fiorenza; Airoldi, Laura] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
RP Beck, MW (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Nat Conservancy, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM mbeck@tnc.org
OI Ferrario, Filippo/0000-0002-7587-2749
FU Marco Polo Fellowship (Bologna University); Nature Conservancy
Fellowship; Pew Marine Fellowships; US Geological Survey's Coastal and
Marine Geology Program; project THESEUS (EU-FP7-ENV2009-1) [244104];
Fulbright Fellowship; Anne Ray Charitable Trust
FX F.F. was supported in part by a Marco Polo Fellowship (Bologna
University) and a Nature Conservancy Fellowship. M. W. B. and F. M. were
supported in part by Pew Marine Fellowships. C. D. S. was funded by the
US Geological Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology Program. L. A. was
supported by the project THESEUS (EU-FP7-ENV2009-1, grant no. 244104)
and by a Fulbright Fellowship while writing the paper. M. W. B. and C.
C. S. were supported in part a grant from the Anne Ray Charitable Trust.
We thank Louise Firth, Barbara Zanuttigh, Jon Warrick and Peter Kareiva
for their incisive reviews, and Francesco Ferretti, Beth Strain, Russell
Thompson and Ben Gilmer for their timely advice on statistical and
geospatial analysis.
NR 70
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 22
U2 138
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 5
AR 3794
DI 10.1038/ncomms4794
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AJ0US
UT WOS:000337372200005
PM 24825660
ER
PT J
AU DeLong, KL
Flannery, JA
Poore, RZ
Quinn, TM
Maupin, CR
Lin, K
Shen, CC
AF DeLong, Kristine L.
Flannery, Jennifer A.
Poore, Richard Z.
Quinn, Terrence M.
Maupin, Christopher R.
Lin, Ke
Shen, Chuan-Chou
TI A reconstruction of sea surface temperature variability in the
southeastern Gulf of Mexico from 1734 to 2008 CE using cross-dated Sr/Ca
records from the coral Siderastrea siderea
SO PALEOCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC MULTIDECADAL OSCILLATION; TROPICAL PACIFIC; HIGH-PRECISION;
CLIMATE VARIABILITY; LAST MILLENNIUM; PORITES CORALS; CARIBBEAN SEA;
HALF-LIVES; ICE-AGE; REEF
AB This study uses skeletal variations in coral Sr/Ca from three Siderastrea siderea coral colonies within the Dry Tortugas National Park in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico (24 degrees 42'N, 82 degrees 48'W) to reconstruct monthly sea surface temperature (SST) variations from 1734 to 2008 Common Era (C. E.). Calibration and verification of the replicated coral Sr/Ca-SST reconstruction with local, regional, and historical temperature records reveals that this proxy-temperature relationship is stable back to 1879 C. E. The coral SST reconstruction contains robust interannual (similar to 2.0 degrees C) and multidecadal variability (similar to 1.5 degrees C) for the past 274 years, the latter of which does not covary with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Winter SST extremes are more variable than summer SST extremes (+/- 2.2 degrees C versus +/- 1.6 degrees C, 2 sigma) suggesting that Loop Current transport in the winter dominates variability on interannual and longer time scales. Summer SST maxima are increasing (+1.0 degrees C for 274 years, sigma(MC) = +/- 0.5 degrees C, 2 sigma), whereas winter SST minima contain no significant trend. Colder decades (similar to 1.5 degrees C) during the Little Ice Age (LIA) do not coincide with decades of sunspot minima. The coral SST reconstruction contains similar variability to temperature reconstructions from the northern Gulf of Mexico (planktic foraminifer Mg/Ca) and the Caribbean Sea (coral Sr/Ca) suggesting areal reductions in the Western Hemisphere Warm Pool during the LIA. Mean summer coral SST extremes post-1985 C.E. (29.9 degrees C) exceeds the long-term summer average (29.2 degrees C for 1734-2008 C.E.), yet the warming trend after 1985 C.E. (0.04 degrees C for 24 years, sigma(MC) = +/- 0.5, 2 sigma) is not significant, whereas Caribbean coral Sr/Ca studies contain a warming trend for this interval.
C1 [DeLong, Kristine L.; Flannery, Jennifer A.; Poore, Richard Z.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[DeLong, Kristine L.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geog & Anthropol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[DeLong, Kristine L.] A & MC, Baton Rouge, LA USA.
[Quinn, Terrence M.; Maupin, Christopher R.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Geophys, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX USA.
[Quinn, Terrence M.; Maupin, Christopher R.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX USA.
[Lin, Ke; Shen, Chuan-Chou] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Geosci, High Precis Mass Spectrometry & Environm Change L, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
RP DeLong, KL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM kdelong@lsu.edu
RI DeLong, Kristine/B-7500-2008; Shen, Chuan-Chou/H-9642-2013; Quinn,
Terrence/A-5755-2008;
OI DeLong, Kristine/0000-0001-6320-421X; SHEN,
CHUAN-CHOU/0000-0003-2833-2771
FU Board of Regents Support Fund [LEQSF(2011)-PFUND-229]; ROC MOST; NTU
[100-2116-M-002-009, 101-2116-M-002-016, 101R7625]; National Science
Foundation; Louisiana State University Council on Research Program;
Louisiana Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research
(EPSCoR)
FX We thank Chris Reich, Don Hickey, Jordan Sanford, and B.J. Reynolds of
the USGS, Michele LaVigne of Rutgers University, the M/V Fort Jefferson
crew, and DTNP personnel for their support in recovery of coral cores.
Kelly Hereid, Liz Powell, and Dorinda Ostermann of the UT are
acknowledged for their analytical assistance. We thank Anna LaValley and
Robin Cobb of LSU for their sampling assistance and Tony Greco of USF
for assistance with SEM. K.L. DeLong was supported in part by the
Louisiana State University Council on Research Program and Louisiana
Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR), funded
by the National Science Foundation and Board of Regents Support Fund
grant LEQSF(2011)-PFUND-229. 230Th dating at the HISPEC was
supported by the ROC MOST and NTU grants (100-2116-M-002-009,
101-2116-M-002-016, and 101R7625 to C.-C.S.). The data are archived at
the World Data Center for Paleoclimatology www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo, 325
Broadway, Boulder, Colorado; IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for
Paleoclimatology Data Contribution series noaa-coral-16217,
ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/atlantic/delong2014/. The
study was conducted under scientific permit DRTO-2008-SCI-0015. Any use
of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 94
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 4
U2 34
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0883-8305
EI 1944-9186
J9 PALEOCEANOGRAPHY
JI Paleoceanography
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 5
BP 403
EP 422
DI 10.1002/2013PA002524
PG 20
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Paleontology
SC Geology; Oceanography; Paleontology
GA AJ3IF
UT WOS:000337559000005
ER
PT J
AU Scholl, MA
Murphy, SF
AF Scholl, Martha A.
Murphy, Sheila F.
TI Precipitation isotopes link regional climate patterns to water supply in
a tropical mountain forest, eastern Puerto Rico
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID LUQUILLO-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; MONTANE CLOUD FORESTS; RAIN-FOREST;
CENTRAL-AMERICA; STABLE-ISOTOPE; NORTH-ATLANTIC; VARIABILITY; AUSTRALIA;
IMPACT; MODEL
AB Like many mountainous areas in the tropics, watersheds in the Luquillo Mountains of eastern Puerto Rico have abundant rainfall and stream discharge and provide much of the water supply for the densely populated metropolitan areas nearby. Projected changes in regional temperature and atmospheric dynamics as a result of global warming suggest that water availability will be affected by changes in rainfall patterns. It is essential to understand the relative importance of different weather systems to water supply to determine how changes in rainfall patterns, interacting with geology and vegetation, will affect the water balance. To help determine the links between climate and water availability, stable isotope signatures of precipitation from different weather systems were established to identify those that are most important in maintaining streamflow and groundwater recharge. Precipitation stable isotope values in the Luquillo Mountains had a large range, from fog/cloud water with delta H-2, delta O-18 values as high as +12 parts per thousand, -0.73 parts per thousand to tropical storm rain with values as low as -127 parts per thousand, -16.8 parts per thousand. Temporal isotope values exhibit a reverse seasonality from those observed in higher latitude continental watersheds, with higher isotopic values in the winter and lower values in the summer. Despite the higher volume of convective and low-pressure system rainfall, stable isotope analyses indicated that under the current rainfall regime, frequent trade -wind orographic showers contribute much of the groundwater recharge and stream base flow. Analysis of rain events using 20 years of 15 -minute resolution data at a mountain station (643 m) showed an increasing trend in rainfall amount, in agreement with increased precipitable water in the atmosphere, but differing from climate model projections of drying in the region. The mean intensity of rain events also showed an increasing trend. The determination of recharge sources from stable isotope tracers indicates that water supply will be affected if regional atmospheric dynamics change trade-wind orographic rainfall patterns in the Caribbean.
C1 [Scholl, Martha A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Murphy, Sheila F.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Scholl, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM mascholl@usgs.gov
OI Scholl, Martha/0000-0001-6994-4614
FU Water, Energy and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) project of the U.S.
Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Program; National Science
Foundation Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory [NSF EAR-0722476]
FX Funding for this work was provided by the Water, Energy and
Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) project of the U.S. Geological Survey
Climate and Land Use Change Program, and the National Science Foundation
Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory (NSF EAR-0722476). This work was done
in cooperation with the International Institute of Tropical Forestry,
USDA Forest Service (USFS). We thank Manuel Rosario Torres, USGS, Angel
Torres Sanchez, USGS, Carlos R. Estrada Ruiz, USFS, and Marcie Occhi,
University of Pennsylvania for field data collection; Haiping Qi,
Jennifer Lorenz, and Lauren Tarbox of the Reston Stable Isotope
Laboratory at USGS for sample analysis, and Sarah Burns, University of
Pennsylvania, for data analysis. Comments from J.K. Bohlke and three
anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript substantially. This work is
dedicated to the memory of Frederick N. Scatena III, 1954-2013, whose
ideas, field work, and generously shared knowledge of the geology,
climate, and hydrology of the Luquillo Mountains contributed
substantially to this research.
NR 90
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 8
U2 36
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 5
BP 4305
EP 4322
DI 10.1002/2013WR014413
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AJ4UN
UT WOS:000337672900039
ER
PT J
AU Shi, XQ
Ye, M
Curtis, GP
Miller, GL
Meyer, PD
Kohler, M
Yabusaki, S
Wu, JC
AF Shi, Xiaoqing
Ye, Ming
Curtis, Gary P.
Miller, Geoffery L.
Meyer, Philip D.
Kohler, Matthias
Yabusaki, Steve
Wu, Jichun
TI Assessment of parametric uncertainty for groundwater reactive transport
modeling
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; INVERSE PROBLEM; EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS;
DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; FLOW; IDENTIFICATION;
PROPAGATION; CALIBRATION; HYDROLOGY
AB The validity of using Gaussian assumptions for model residuals in uncertainty quantification of a groundwater reactive transport model was evaluated in this study. Least squares regression methods explicitly assume Gaussian residuals, and the assumption leads to Gaussian likelihood functions, model parameters, and model predictions. While the Bayesian methods do not explicitly require the Gaussian assumption, Gaussian residuals are widely used. This paper shows that the residuals of the reactive transport model are non-Gaussian, heteroscedastic, and correlated in time; characterizing them requires using a generalized likelihood function such as the formal generalized likelihood function developed by Schoups and Vrugt (2010). For the surface complexation model considered in this study for simulating uranium reactive transport in groundwater, parametric uncertainty is quantified using the least squares regression methods and Bayesian methods with both Gaussian and formal generalized likelihood functions. While the least squares methods and Bayesian methods with Gaussian likelihood function produce similar Gaussian parameter distributions, the parameter distributions of Bayesian uncertainty quantification using the formal generalized likelihood function are non-Gaussian. In addition, predictive performance of formal generalized likelihood function is superior to that of least squares regression and Bayesian methods with Gaussian likelihood function. The Bayesian uncertainty quantification is conducted using the differential evolution adaptive metropolis (DREAM((ZS))) algorithm; as a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, it is a robust tool for quantifying uncertainty in groundwater reactive transport models. For the surface complexation model, the regression-based local sensitivity analysis and Morris-and DREAM((ZS))-based global sensitivity analysis yield almost identical ranking of parameter importance. The uncertainty analysis may help select appropriate likelihood functions, improve model calibration, and reduce predictive uncertainty in other groundwater reactive transport and environmental modeling.
C1 [Shi, Xiaoqing; Wu, Jichun] Nanjing Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Surficial Geochem, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Shi, Xiaoqing; Ye, Ming; Miller, Geoffery L.] Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Curtis, Gary P.; Kohler, Matthias] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Meyer, Philip D.; Yabusaki, Steve] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Ye, M (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM mye@fsu.edu
RI Ye, Ming/A-5964-2008; Shi, Xiaoqing/G-4439-2010;
OI Shi, Xiaoqing/0000-0002-5074-8856; Meyer, Philip/0000-0002-8714-4693
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51328902, 41172206,
41172207]; NSF-EAR [0911074]; DOE-SBR [DE-SC0002687, DE-SC0000801]; DOE
Early Career Award [DE-SC0008272]; ORAU/ORNL High Performance Computing
Grant
FX This work was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation
of China grants 51328902, 41172206, and 41172207, NSF-EAR grant 0911074,
DOE-SBR grants DE-SC0002687 and DE-SC0000801, DOE Early Career Award
DE-SC0008272, and ORAU/ORNL High Performance Computing Grant. The first
author was employed by the Florida State University when conducting part
of this research. The authors thank Jasper Vrugt for providing the
DREAM(zs) code, and Bruno Mendes, and David Draper for discussion on
comparison of confidence and credible intervals. We also thank G.-H.
Crystal Ng and the anonymous reviewers for improving the manuscript.
NR 89
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 8
U2 47
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 5
BP 4416
EP 4439
DI 10.1002/2013WR013755
PG 24
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AJ4UN
UT WOS:000337672900045
ER
PT J
AU Hassan, MA
Brayshaw, D
Alila, Y
Andrews, E
AF Hassan, Marwan A.
Brayshaw, Drew
Alila, Younes
Andrews, Edmund
TI Effective discharge in small formerly glaciated mountain streams of
British Columbia: Limitations and implications
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID BED-LOAD TRANSPORT; MAGNITUDE-FREQUENCY; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT;
FRASER-RIVER; HARRIS CREEK; HYDRAULICS; PREDICTION; MOBILITY; COLORADO;
FLOODS
AB Episodic sediment supply, past glaciation, and slow responses to disturbance make small mountain streams transitional alluvial regimes in which nonequilibrium conditions are common. Bed load effective discharge in these streams is on average a low-magnitude, high-frequency event, but is highly variable. Using a two-phase sediment transport model and long-term discharge records, we distinguish between three types of streams; streams in which gravel (sediment > 8 mm diameter) moves frequently and effective discharge occurs during gravel transport (Frequently Mobile Gravel (FMG)), streams in which gravel moves infrequently but effective discharge nonetheless occurs during gravel transport (Infrequently Mobile Gravel (IMG)), and streams in which sand (sediment < 8 mm diameter) moves over largely immobile gravel and effective discharge occurs frequently during sand-phase transport (Sand over Immobile Gravel (SG)). Using only effective discharge frequency or magnitude to characterize a stream, without information on mobile sediment type, is insufficient to distinguish between FMG and SG streams. Only the IMG streams have large, rare effective discharges that approximate the bankfull discharge; in FMG and SG streams the effective discharge is much more frequent and smaller than the bankfull. Only in the IMG streams does the effective discharge approximate a channel-forming discharge. In FMG and SG streams, the effective discharge bears little relation to the size or dimensions of the channel and is at best a channel-maintaining flow; at worst it is geomorphically meaningless. Effective discharge should not therefore be used in isolation as a proxy for channel-forming discharge for mountain stream channel design or management.
C1 [Hassan, Marwan A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
[Brayshaw, Drew; Alila, Younes] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Resources Management, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Andrews, Edmund] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Hassan, MA (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
EM marwan.hassan@geog.ubc.ca
FU BC Forest Science Program; NSERC
FX Special thanks are extended to the following people for helping with
field and laboratory work: Eryne Croquet, Steven Harng, Miranda Huron,
Hale Jones-Cox, Dan Hogan, Tony Lagemaat, David Reid, Fred Touche, and
Jennifer Wardle. Eric Leinberger prepared the figures. The research was
funded by the BC Forest Science Program and NSERC (to M. Hassan and Y.
Alila). The Water Survey of Canada provided a discount on data services.
Michael Feller provided discharge data for East Creek. We thank the
journal editors, Shawn Chartrand, Rob Ferguson, John Pitlick, and an
anonymous reviewer for suggestions that significantly improved the
presentation.
NR 55
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 5
BP 4440
EP 4458
DI 10.1002/2013WR014529
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AJ4UN
UT WOS:000337672900046
ER
PT J
AU Lafferty, KD
Tinker, MT
AF Lafferty, Kevin D.
Tinker, M. Tim
TI Sea otters are recolonizing southern California in fits and starts
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Allee effect; conservation; endangered species; Enhydra lutris nereis;
keystone species; southern California; spread
ID RANGE EXPANSION; CARRYING-CAPACITY; ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; MOVEMENTS;
MORTALITY; PATTERNS; GROWTH
AB After near extinction as a result of the fur trade in the 1700s and 1800s, the southern sea otter slowly reoccupied the core of its range in central California. Range expansion beyond central California is seen as key to full recovery of otters, but the rate of expansion has been sporadic, raising concerns about habitat quality in southern California. To describe the range expansion of sea otters from central into southern California, we used skiff surveys, aerial surveys, and archival time-depth recorders from 2004 to 2013. These observations show that range expansion began when male otters swam southeast of Point Conception (Cojo Anchorage), perhaps to seek refuge from bad weather and to feed on unexploited resources. After several years of seasonal use by male groups, females began to use the area, leading to reproduction and a secondary increase in abundance. In contrast, a second male group that moved farther down the coast to Coal Oil Point stalled and retreated. Such range expansion and contraction can be explained by the social nature of sea otters, which acts to slow dispersal away from groups. Otter densities at Cojo Anchorage are now approaching equilibrium levels reported for central California. As in central California, otters rested in and near kelp forest habitat, but used deeper water for foraging. Together, these observations suggest habitat in the Santa Barbara Channel can still support sea otters, but range expansion of otters into southern California will be episodic due to social dynamics.
C1 [Lafferty, Kevin D.; Tinker, M. Tim] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Tinker, M. Tim] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Lafferty, KD (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM Lafferty@lifesci.ucsb.edu
RI Tinker, Martin/F-1277-2011; Lafferty, Kevin/B-3888-2009
OI Lafferty, Kevin/0000-0001-7583-4593
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 17
U2 98
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 5
AR 50
DI 10.1890/ES13-00394.1
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI8KW
UT WOS:000337164100001
ER
PT J
AU Rosemartin, AH
Crimmins, TM
Enquist, CAF
Gerst, KL
Kellermann, JL
Posthumus, EE
Denny, EG
Guertin, P
Marsh, L
Weltzin, JF
AF Rosemartin, Alyssa H.
Crimmins, Theresa M.
Enquist, Carolyn A. F.
Gerst, Katharine L.
Kellermann, Jherime L.
Posthumus, Erin E.
Denny, Ellen G.
Guertin, Patricia
Marsh, Lee
Weltzin, Jake F.
TI Organizing phenological data resources to inform natural resource
conservation
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Data integration; Climate adaptation; Multi-taxa monitoring;
National-scale database; Phenology
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CITIZEN SCIENCE; THOREAUS CONCORD; RESPONSES; ECOLOGY;
MARINE; TOOL; PREDICTIONS; ECOSYSTEMS; EVOLUTION
AB Changes in the timing of plant and animal life cycle events, in response to climate change, are already happening across the globe. The impacts of these changes may affect biodiversity via disruption to mutualisms, trophic mismatches, invasions and population declines. To understand the nature, causes and consequences of changed, varied or static phenologies, new data resources and tools are being developed across the globe. The USA National Phenology Network is developing a long-term, multi-taxa phenological database, together with a customizable infrastructure, to support conservation and management needs. We present current and potential applications of the infrastructure, across scales and user groups. The approaches described here are congruent with recent trends towards multi-agency, large-scale research and action. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rosemartin, Alyssa H.; Crimmins, Theresa M.; Enquist, Carolyn A. F.; Gerst, Katharine L.; Kellermann, Jherime L.; Posthumus, Erin E.; Denny, Ellen G.; Guertin, Patricia; Marsh, Lee; Weltzin, Jake F.] USA Natl Phenol Network, Natl Coordinating Off, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Rosemartin, Alyssa H.; Crimmins, Theresa M.; Gerst, Katharine L.; Kellermann, Jherime L.; Posthumus, Erin E.; Denny, Ellen G.; Guertin, Patricia; Marsh, Lee] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Enquist, Carolyn A. F.] Wildlife Soc, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA.
[Weltzin, Jake F.] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Rosemartin, AH (reprint author), USA Natl Phenol Network, Natl Coordinating Off, 1955 East Sixth St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM alyssa@usanpn.org
OI Crimmins, Theresa/0000-0001-9592-625X
FU USA National Phenology Network; US Geological Survey; University of
Arizona; University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Wildlife Society; US
National Park Service; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Science
Foundation [IOS-0639794]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; US Fish and
Wildlife Service
FX We would like to thank Abraham Miller-Rushing and Kathryn Thomas, as
well as Bruce Wilson, Mark Schwartz, Julio Betancourt, Angela Evenden,
Brian Haggerty, Elizabeth Matthews and Susan Mazer for their
contributions to these efforts. We thank Andrea Thorpe for insightful
comments on an earlier draft. The manuscript benefitted a great deal
from three anonymous reviews. Data for the buffelgrass case study were
provided by the USA National Phenology Network. The USA-NPN gratefully
acknowledges sponsoring organizations: US Geological Survey, University
of Arizona, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, The Wildlife Society, US
National Park Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Science
Foundation (IOS-0639794), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and US Fish and
Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 70
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 173
BP 90
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.07.003
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI4ZB
UT WOS:000336874100012
ER
PT J
AU Aliyari, F
Rastad, E
Goldfarb, RJ
Sharif, JA
AF Aliyari, Farhang
Rastad, Ebrahim
Goldfarb, Richard J.
Sharif, Jafar Abdollahi
TI Geochemistry of hydrothermal alteration at the Qolgoleh gold deposit,
northern Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic belt, northwestern Iran: Vectors to
high-grade ore bodies
SO JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Alteration geochemistry; Rare earth and trace element mobility; Orogenic
gold mineralization; Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic belt; Qolgoleh; Iran
ID EARTH-ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY; RARE-EARTH; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA;
METASEDIMENTARY ROCKS; CONTINENTAL COLLISION; FLUID CHARACTERISTICS;
MINERAL EQUILIBRIA; SOUTH-AUSTRALIA; GREENSTONE-BELT; IGNEOUS ROCKS
AB The Qolqoleh orogenic gold deposit in the northern part of the Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic belt in northwestern Iran is hosted by a steeply dipping sequence of greenschist fades Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary rocks, including mafic to intermediate metavolcanic rocks, sericite and chlorite schist, and marble. Geochemical and petrochemical data including the Sigma REE, (La/Yb)(N) and Eu/Eu* ratios were obtained from country rocks, ore-enveloping alteration zones, and mineralized zones to assess the nature of the trace element and rare earth element (REE) interaction between the wall rock and the mineralizing fluid.
Quartz-sulfide veins at the deposit are characterized by a pyrite-pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite-sphalerite-arsenopyritenative gold assemblage. Alteration halos border the mineralized zones and broadly comprise: (1) an outer carbonate-chlorite alteration zone in all rock types., particularly in chlorite schist; (2) a middle sericite-carbonate alteration zone in the sericite schist; and (3) an inner quartz-sulfide alteration zone in sericite schist and mafic to intermediate metavolcanic rocks.
The geochemical data indicate that the concentrations of Al2O3, P2O5, TiO2, Y, and Zr are relatively constant, suggesting that these elements were the least mobile during hydrothermal activity. Using Al2O3 as the immobile component, there is evidence for mobility of trace elements, particularly light REE, TiO2, and Zr in the altered wall rocks. The altered rocks show a relatively light REE depletion ((La/Yb)(N) congruent to 9.41), which clearly correlates with the grades of gold mineralization and intensity of the alteration (3 ppm Au). The depletion of light REE is best indicated by a decrease in (La/Yb)(N) as shown by ratios of 10.5 to 11.8. Wall rock decarbonation reactions during infiltration of the mineralizing fluid resulted in differential mobilization of REE, from a fluid with initially low REE content.
The overall trace element geochemistry of the altered wall rock is controlled by the initial composition of the wall rocks and the ore-fluid composition. Hydrothermal ore-forming fluids are recognized as CO2-rich near-neutral reduced fluids with high values of H2S, K, and S content. Observed variability in alteration halos at the Qolqoleh deposit points to major differences in REE and trace element content in original host rocks that have interacted with a relatively similar ore fluid. Therefore, depending on the composition of each host rock lithology, the geochemistry of hydrothermal alteration (e.g., Sigma REE content and (La/Yb)(N) ratios) and alteration mineralogy including the carbonate-sericite-quartz-sulfide assemblages may be used as a primary tool for lithogeochemical exploration for gold deposits in northwestern Iran. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Aliyari, Farhang] Urmia Univ Technol, Dept Min Engn, Orumiyeh, Iran.
[Rastad, Ebrahim] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Basic Sci, Dept Geol, Tehran 14115175, Iran.
[Goldfarb, Richard J.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Sharif, Jafar Abdollahi] Urmia Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Min, Orumiyeh, Iran.
RP Rastad, E (reprint author), Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Basic Sci, Dept Geol, Tehran 14115175, Iran.
EM Rastad@modares.ac.ir
FU Geological Survey of Iran; Tarbiat Modares University
FX The authors would like to thank the Geological Survey of Iran for their
logistical and financial support during fieldwork and for ICP-MS
analysis at ALS Chemex Laboratory, Vancouver, Canada. The funding for
XRF and XRD analyses was provided by Tarbiat Modares University. Leon
Bagas, Greg Fernette, and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for
perceptive reviews that considerably improved the clarity of the paper.
Constructive detailed reviews by Editor R. A. Ayuso have greatly
improved the quality of the paper. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 67
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-6742
EI 1879-1689
J9 J GEOCHEM EXPLOR
JI J. Geochem. Explor.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 140
BP 111
EP 125
DI 10.1016/j.gexplo.2014.01.007
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AI4ZH
UT WOS:000336874700012
ER
PT J
AU Brown, JF
Pervez, MS
AF Brown, Jesslyn F.
Pervez, Md Shahriar
TI Merging remote sensing data and national agricultural statistics to
model change in irrigated agriculture
SO AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Irrigated agriculture; Remote sensing; Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS); Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; High
Plains Aquifer; Geospatial model
ID CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; LAND-COVER; WATER-RESOURCES; UNITED-STATES; SCALE;
TEMPERATURE; VEGETATION; SURFACE; MODIS; NDVI
AB Over 22 million hectares (ha) of U.S. croplands are irrigated. Irrigation is an intensified agricultural land use that increases crop yields and the practice affects water and energy cycles at, above, and below the land surface. Until recently, there has been a scarcity of geospatially detailed information about irrigation that is comprehensive, consistent, and timely to support studies tying agricultural land use change to aquifer water use and other factors. This study shows evidence for a recent overall net expansion of 522 thousand ha across the U.S. (2.33%) and 519 thousand ha (8.7%) in irrigated cropped area across the High Plains Aquifer (HPA) from 2002 to 2007. In fact, over 97% of the net national expansion in irrigated agriculture overlays the HPA. We employed a modeling approach implemented at two time intervals (2002 and 2007) for mapping irrigated agriculture across the conterminous U.S. (CONUS). We utilized U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) county statistics, satellite imagery, and a national land cover map in the model. The model output, called the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Irrigated Agriculture Dataset for the U.S. (MIrAD-US), was then used to reveal relatively detailed spatial patterns of irrigation change across the nation and the HPA. Causes for the irrigation increase in the HPA are complex, but factors include crop commodity price increases, the corn ethanol industry, and government policies related to water use. Impacts of more irrigation may include shifts in local and regional climate, further groundwater depletion, and increasing crop yields and farm income. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Brown, Jesslyn F.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Pervez, Md Shahriar] US Geol Survey, ASRC Fed InuTeq, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Brown, JF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM jfbrown@usgs.gov
OI Brown, Jesslyn/0000-0002-9976-1998
FU USGS Land Change Science and Land Remote Sensing programs under the
Climate and Land Use Change Mission Area
FX Funding support for this work was provided by the USGS Land Change
Science and Land Remote Sensing programs under the Climate and Land Use
Change Mission Area. We want to thank R. Auch and anonymous reviewers
for their valuable review comments. R. Zelt from the USGS Nebraska Water
Science Center provided useful insight and recommendations for research
directions. We are also grateful to our irrigation ground-truth data
providers: W.J. Kramber and M. Wilkins, Idaho Dept. of Water Resources;
B. Kurz and S.K. Seelan, University of North Dakota. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 59
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-521X
EI 1873-2267
J9 AGR SYST
JI Agric. Syst.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 127
BP 28
EP 40
DI 10.1016/j.agsy.2014.01.004
PG 13
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
SC Agriculture
GA AI2OJ
UT WOS:000336697500004
ER
PT J
AU Crawford, JT
Stanley, EH
AF Crawford, John T.
Stanley, Emily H.
TI Distinct Fluvial Patterns of a Headwater Stream Network Underlain by
Discontinuous Permafrost
SO ARCTIC ANTARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDRAULIC GEOMETRY; CHANNEL GEOMETRY; INTERIOR ALASKA; CARBON-DIOXIDE;
BOREAL FOREST; YUKON RIVER; MORPHOLOGY; CLIMATE; FLOW; ICE
AB Hydrology, permafrost, and vegetation will likely respond to warming of northern latitudes with concurrent shifts in channel form and network pattern. At present, data on channel structure and networks in most northern regions are sparse, thus restricting any comprehensive understanding of channel processes or predictions of change in response to warming. We conducted a survey in 2011 of stream hydraulic geometry and network pattern in an upland headwater catchment of the Yukon River basin that is underlain by discontinuous permafrost. We found atypical hydraulic geometry exponents for depth and velocity but not for width and slope. We also found the study catchment to have unusually low drainage density and bifurcation ratios. Our data support the hypothesis that snow and channel ice decrease geomorphic effectiveness during snowmelt, which ultimately constrains channel and network development. Additionally, qualitative data support the hypothesis that dense riparian vegetation promotes bank stabilization and leads to nearly vertical channel walls in small streams, thus leading to anomalous hydraulic geometry. Simple metrics such as the drainage density and hydraulic geometry relationships may prove to be useful metrics of boreal and subarctic warming and permafrost thaw, and this study may serve as an important baseline to evaluate future changes.
C1 [Crawford, John T.; Stanley, Emily H.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Crawford, John T.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Crawford, JT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, 680 North Pk St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jtcrawford@wisc.edu
OI Stanley, Emily/0000-0003-4922-8121
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program
FX We thank A. Johnson, S. Spawn, D. Halm, and M. Domblaser for assistance
in the field and A. Stone for GIS assistance. We also thank J. Koch, R.
Striegl, and K. Wickland for helpful discussions, M. Doyle for valuable
feedback on an early version of the manuscript, and two anonymous
reviewers and the associate editor for critical comments. This work was
supported by the U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program. Any
use of trade or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 57
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 18
PU INST ARCTIC ALPINE RES
PI BOULDER
PA UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA
SN 1523-0430
EI 1938-4246
J9 ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES
JI Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 46
IS 2
BP 344
EP 354
DI 10.1657/1938-4246-46.2.344
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA AI3RB
UT WOS:000336778500005
ER
PT J
AU Nicol, S
Griffith, B
Austin, J
Hunter, CM
AF Nicol, Sam
Griffith, Brad
Austin, Jane
Hunter, Christine M.
TI Optimal water depth management on river-fed National Wildlife Refuges in
a changing climate
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN PRAIRIE WETLANDS; GREAT-PLAINS; UNCERTAINTY
AB The prairie pothole region (PPR) in the north-central United States and south-central Canada constitutes the most important waterfowl breeding area in North America. Projected long-term changes in precipitation and temperature may alter the drivers of waterfowl abundance: wetland availability and emergent vegetation cover. Previous studies have focused on isolated wetland dynamics, but the implications of changing precipitation on managed, river-fed wetlands have not been addressed. Using a structured decision making (SDM) approach, we derived optimal water management actions for 20 years at four river-fed National Wildlife Refuges (NWRs) in North and South Dakota under contrasting increasing/decreasing (+/-0.4 %/year) inflow scenarios derived from empirical trends. Refuge pool depth is manipulated by control structures. Optimal management involves setting control structure heights that have the highest probability of providing a desired mix of waterfowl habitat, given refuge capacities and inflows. We found optimal seasonal control structure heights for each refuge were essentially the same under increasing and decreasing inflow trends of 0.4 %/year over the next 20 years. Results suggest managed pools in the NWRs receive large inflows relative to their capacities. Hence, water availability does not constrain management; pool bathymetry and management tactics can be greater constraints on attaining management objectives than climate-mediated inflow. We present time-dependent optimal seasonal control structure heights for each refuge, which are resilient to the non-stationary precipitation scenarios we examined. Managers can use this information to provide a desired mixture of wildlife habitats, and to re-assess management objectives in reserves where pool bathymetry prevents attaining the currently stated objectives.
C1 [Nicol, Sam; Griffith, Brad; Hunter, Christine M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Griffith, Brad] US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Austin, Jane] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
RP Nicol, S (reprint author), CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia.
EM sam.nicol@csiro.au
RI Nicol, Samuel/I-1074-2012;
OI Nicol, Samuel/0000-0002-1160-7444; Austin, Jane/0000-0001-8775-2210
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey
FX The authors thank the staff of Arrowwood, Lacreek, Sand Lake and
Tewaukon NWRs. The authors also thank Julien Martin and Jennifer Roach
for their constructive comments. Funding was provided by the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Geological Survey. The use of trade
names or products does not constitute endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 124
IS 1-2
BP 271
EP 284
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-1033-8
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AH8DW
UT WOS:000336365300020
ER
PT J
AU Hatten, JR
Waste, SM
Maule, AG
AF Hatten, James R.
Waste, Stephen M.
Maule, Alec G.
TI Assessing climate-change risks to cultural and natural resources in the
Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
AB We provide an overview of an interdisciplinary special issue that examines the influence of climate change on people and fish in the Yakima River Basin, USA. Jenni et al. (2013) addresses stakeholder-relevant climate change issues, such as water availability and uncertainty, with decision analysis tools. Montag et al. (2014) explores Yakama Tribal cultural values and well-being and their incorporation into the decision-making process. Graves and Maule (2012) simulates effects of climate change on stream temperatures under baseline conditions (1981-2005) and two future climate scenarios (increased air temperature of 1 A degrees C and 2 A degrees C). Hardiman and Mesa (2013) looks at the effects of increased stream temperatures on juvenile steelhead growth with a bioenergetics model. Finally, Hatten et al. (2013) examines how changes in stream flow will affect salmonids with a rule-based fish habitat model. Our simulations indicate that future summer will be a very challenging season for salmonids when low flows and high water temperatures can restrict movement, inhibit or alter growth, and decrease habitat. While some of our simulations indicate salmonids may benefit from warmer water temperatures and increased winter flows, the majority of simulations produced less habitat. The floodplain and tributary habitats we sampled are representative of the larger landscape, so it is likely that climate change will reduce salmonid habitat potential throughout particular areas of the basin. Management strategies are needed to minimize potential salmonid habitat bottlenecks that may result from climate change, such as keeping streams cool through riparian protection, stream restoration, and the reduction of water diversions. An investment in decision analysis and support technologies can help managers understand tradeoffs under different climate scenarios and possibly improve water and fish conservation over the next century.
C1 [Hatten, James R.; Waste, Stephen M.; Maule, Alec G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Hatten, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jhatten@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Science Applications and Decision Support
Program
FX We gratefully acknowledge the authors of each article for their
dedication and persistence: Karen Jenni (Insight Decisions, LLC); David
S. Graves (Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission); Jill M.
Hardiman, Matthew G. Mesa, Thomas R. Batt, Patrick J. Connolly, Jessica
M. Montag, Frank Voss, and Mark C. Mastin (U.S. Geological Survey); and
Timothy L. Nieman (Decision Applications, Inc). Funding was provided by
U.S. Geological Survey, Science Applications and Decision Support
Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement of the U.S. Government.
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 124
IS 1-2
BP 363
EP 370
DI 10.1007/s10584-014-1126-z
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AH8DW
UT WOS:000336365300026
ER
PT J
AU Jenni, K
Graves, D
Hardiman, J
Hatten, J
Mastin, M
Mesa, M
Montag, J
Nieman, T
Voss, F
Maule, A
AF Jenni, K.
Graves, D.
Hardiman, J.
Hatten, J.
Mastin, M.
Mesa, M.
Montag, J.
Nieman, T.
Voss, F.
Maule, A.
TI Identifying stakeholder-relevant climate change impacts: A case study in
the Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; DECISION-MAKING; WATER-RESOURCES; MANAGEMENT; MODEL
AB Designing climate-related research so that study results will be useful to natural resource managers is a unique challenge. While decision makers increasingly recognize the need to consider climate change in their resource management plans, and climate scientists recognize the importance of providing locally-relevant climate data and projections, there often remains a gap between management needs and the information that is available or is being collected. We used decision analysis concepts to bring decision-maker and stakeholder perspectives into the applied research planning process. In 2009 we initiated a series of studies on the impacts of climate change in the Yakima River Basin (YRB) with a four-day stakeholder workshop, bringing together managers, stakeholders, and scientists to develop an integrated conceptual model of climate change and climate change impacts in the YRB. The conceptual model development highlighted areas of uncertainty that limit the understanding of the potential impacts of climate change and decision alternatives by those who will be most directly affected by those changes, and pointed to areas where additional study and engagement of stakeholders would be beneficial. The workshop and resulting conceptual model highlighted the importance of numerous different outcomes to stakeholders in the basin, including social and economic outcomes that go beyond the physical and biological outcomes typically reported in climate impacts studies. Subsequent studies addressed several of those areas of uncertainty, including changes in water temperatures, habitat quality, and bioenergetics of salmonid populations.
C1 [Jenni, K.] Insight Decis LCC, Denver, CO 80212 USA.
[Graves, D.] Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
[Hardiman, J.; Hatten, J.; Mesa, M.; Maule, A.] US Geol Survey, WFRC, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Montag, J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Nieman, T.] Decis Applicat Inc, St Helena, CA 94574 USA.
[Mastin, M.; Voss, F.] US Geol Survey, Washington Water Sci Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
RP Maule, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, WFRC, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM kjenni@insightdecisions.com; amaule@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Science Applications and Decision Support
Program
FX We thank the workshop participants, Lynne Koontz, and Jennifer
Thorvaldson for their support, and the reviewers for many helpful
suggestions. Funding was provided by U.S. Geological Survey, Science
Applications and Decision Support Program. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement of the U.S. Government.
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 124
IS 1-2
BP 371
EP 384
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0806-4
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AH8DW
UT WOS:000336365300027
ER
PT J
AU Montag, JM
Swan, K
Jenni, K
Nieman, T
Hatten, J
Mesa, M
Graves, D
Voss, F
Mastin, M
Hardiman, J
Maule, A
AF Montag, J. M.
Swan, K.
Jenni, K.
Nieman, T.
Hatten, J.
Mesa, M.
Graves, D.
Voss, F.
Mastin, M.
Hardiman, J.
Maule, A.
TI Climate change and Yakama Nation tribal well-being
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE; PEOPLES
AB The Yakima River Basin (Basin) in south-central Washington is a prime example of a place where competing water uses, coupled with over-allocation of water resources, have presented water managers with the challenge of meeting current demand, anticipating future demand, and preparing for potential impacts of climate change. We took a decision analysis approach that gathered diverse stakeholders to discuss their concerns pertaining to climate change effects on the Basin and future goals that were collectively important. One main focus was centered on how climate change may influence future salmon populations. Salmon have played a prominent role in the cultures of Basin communities, especially for tribal communities that have social, cultural, spiritual, subsistence, and economic ties to them. Stakeholders identified the need for a better understanding on how the cultural, spiritual, subsistence, and economic aspects of the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation could be affected by changes in salmon populations. In an attempt to understand the complexities of these potential effects, this paper proposes a conceptual model which 1) identifies cultural values and components and the interactions between those components that could influence tribal well-being, and 2) shows how federal natural resource managers could incorporate intangible tribal cultural components into decision-making processes by understanding important components of tribal well-being. Future work includes defining the parameterization of the cultural components in order for the conceptual model to be incorporated with biophysical resource models for scenario simulations.
C1 [Montag, J. M.; Swan, K.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Jenni, K.] Insight Decis LLC, Denver, CO 80211 USA.
[Nieman, T.] Decis Applicat Inc, St Helena, CA 94574 USA.
[Hatten, J.; Mesa, M.; Hardiman, J.; Maule, A.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Graves, D.] Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
[Voss, F.; Mastin, M.] US Geol Survey, Washington Water Sci Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
RP Montag, JM (reprint author), Bur Land Management, Blue Sky Zone 5353 Yellowstone Rd, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA.
EM jmontag@blm.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Science Applications and Decision Support
Program
FX We thank the workshop participants, Lynne Koontz, and Jennifer
Thorvaldson for their input and support. Also see Supplemental Materials
1 for those who provided input and guidance in developing the conceptual
model. Funding was provided by U.S. Geological Survey, Science
Applications and Decision Support Program. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement of the U. S. Government.
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 124
IS 1-2
BP 385
EP 398
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-1001-3
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AH8DW
UT WOS:000336365300028
ER
PT J
AU Graves, D
Maule, A
AF Graves, D.
Maule, A.
TI A stakeholder project to model water temperature under future climate
scenarios in the Satus and Toppenish watersheds of the Yakima River
Basin in Washington, USA
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHINOOK SALMON; GROWTH
AB The goal of this study was to support an assessment of the potential effects of climate change on select natural, social, and economic resources in the Yakima River Basin. A workshop with local stakeholders highlighted the usefulness of projecting climate change impacts on anadromous steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a fish species of importance to local tribes, fisherman, and conservationists. Stream temperature is an important environmental variable for the freshwater stages of steelhead. For this study, we developed water temperature models for the Satus and Toppenish watersheds, two of the key stronghold areas for steelhead in the Yakima River Basin. We constructed the models with the Stream Network Temperature Model (SNTEMP), a mechanistic approach to simulate water temperature in a stream network. The models were calibrated over the April 15, 2008 to September 30, 2008 period and validated over the April 15, 2009 to September 30, 2009 period using historic measurements of stream temperature and discharge provided by the Yakama Nation Fisheries Resource Management Program. Once validated, the models were run to simulate conditions during the spring and summer seasons over a baseline period (1981-2005) and two future climate scenarios with increased air temperature of 1 A degrees C and 2 A degrees C. The models simulated daily mean and maximum water temperatures at sites throughout the two watersheds under the baseline and future climate scenarios.
C1 [Graves, D.] Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
[Maule, A.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Graves, D (reprint author), Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, 729 NE Oregon St,Suite 200, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
EM grad@critfc.org
FU Bonneville Power Administration
FX This project was supported by funding from the Bonneville Power
Administration. Special thanks to Tim Resseguie at the Yakama Nation
Fisheries Resource Management program in Toppenish, WA for providing
water temperature and discharge data for use in the models. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement of the U. S. Government.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 124
IS 1-2
BP 399
EP 411
DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0643-x
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AH8DW
UT WOS:000336365300029
ER
PT J
AU Hardiman, JM
Mesa, MG
AF Hardiman, Jill M.
Mesa, Matthew G.
TI The effects of increased stream temperatures on juvenile steelhead
growth in the Yakima River Basin based on projected climate change
scenarios
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHINOOK SALMON; PACIFIC SALMON; RAINBOW-TROUT; IMPACTS; BIOENERGETICS;
WASHINGTON; RESPONSES; ECOSYSTEM; MICHIGAN; FISH
AB Stakeholders within the Yakima River Basin expressed concern over impacts of climate change on mid-Columbia River steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), listed under the Endangered Species Act. We used a bioenergetics model to assess the impacts of changing stream temperatures-resulting from different climate change scenarios-on growth of juvenile steelhead in the Yakima River Basin. We used diet and fish size data from fieldwork in a bioenergetics model and integrated baseline and projected stream temperatures from down-scaled air temperature climate modeling into our analysis. The stream temperature models predicted that daily mean temperatures of salmonid-rearing streams in the basin could increase by 1-2 A degrees C and our bioenergetics simulations indicated that such increases could enhance the growth of steelhead in the spring, but reduce it during the summer. However, differences in growth rates of fish living under different climate change scenarios were minor, ranging from about 1-5 %. Because our analysis focused mostly on the growth responses of steelhead to changes in stream temperatures, further work is needed to fully understand the potential impacts of climate change. Studies should include evaluating changing stream flows on fish activity and energy budgets, responses of aquatic insects to climate change, and integration of bioenergetics, population dynamics, and habitat responses to climate change.
C1 [Hardiman, Jill M.; Mesa, Matthew G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Hardiman, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jhardiman@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Science Applications and Decision Support
Program
FX We thank Frank Voss and Mark Mastin of the USGS and David Graves of the
Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission for providing us with
temperature data; Christopher Johnson of WDWF for diet and fish data;
Chris Frederiksen of Yakama Nation Fisheries for information on
salmonids in the YRB; Sally Sauter of the USGS-CRRL for discussions on
bioenergetics; and Alec Maule of the USGS-CRRL for administering the
project. Funding was provided by U.S. Geological Survey, Science
Applications and Decision Support Program. Any use of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 124
IS 1-2
BP 413
EP 426
DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0627-x
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AH8DW
UT WOS:000336365300030
ER
PT J
AU Hatten, JR
Batt, TR
Connolly, PJ
Maule, AG
AF Hatten, James R.
Batt, Thomas R.
Connolly, Patrick J.
Maule, Alec G.
TI Modeling effects of climate change on Yakima River salmonid habitats
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; COHO SALMON; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; OFF-CHANNEL;
GROWTH; SURVIVAL; STREAM; TROUT
AB We evaluated the potential effects of two climate change scenarios on salmonid habitats in the Yakima River by linking the outputs from a watershed model, a river operations model, a two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic model, and a geographic information system (GIS). The watershed model produced a discharge time series (hydrograph) in two study reaches under three climate scenarios: a baseline (1981-2005), a 1-A degrees C increase in mean air temperature (plus one scenario), and a 2-A degrees C increase (plus two scenario). A river operations model modified the discharge time series with Yakima River operational rules, a 2D model provided spatially explicit depth and velocity grids for two floodplain reaches, while an expert panel provided habitat criteria for four life stages of coho and fall Chinook salmon. We generated discharge-habitat functions for each salmonid life stage (e.g., spawning, rearing) in main stem and side channels, and habitat time series for baseline, plus one (P1) and plus two (P2) scenarios. The spatial and temporal patterns in salmonid habitats differed by reach, life stage, and climate scenario. Seventy-five percent of the 28 discharge-habitat responses exhibited a decrease in habitat quantity, with the P2 scenario producing the largest changes, followed by P1. Fry and spring/summer rearing habitats were the most sensitive to warming and flow modification for both species. Side channels generally produced more habitat than main stem and were more responsive to flow changes, demonstrating the importance of lateral connectivity in the floodplain. A discharge-habitat sensitivity analysis revealed that proactive management of regulated surface waters (i.e., increasing or decreasing flows) might lessen the impacts of climate change on salmonid habitats.
C1 [Hatten, James R.; Batt, Thomas R.; Connolly, Patrick J.; Maule, Alec G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Hatten, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jhatten@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Science Applications and Decision Support
Program
FX We thank Christopher Lynch, U. S. Bureau of Reclamation, Yakima Field
Office, Yakima, WA, for providing output from Riverware, Rachel Reagan
and Ken Tiffan, U. S. Geological Survey, for text editing and internal
review, plus two anonymous reviewers who greatly improved the
manuscript. Funding was provided by U.S. Geological Survey, Science
Applications and Decision Support Program. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement of the U. S. Government.
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 124
IS 1-2
BP 427
EP 439
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0980-4
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AH8DW
UT WOS:000336365300031
ER
PT J
AU Blazewicz, SJ
Schwartz, E
Firestone, MK
AF Blazewicz, Steven J.
Schwartz, Egbert
Firestone, Mary K.
TI Growth and death of bacteria and fungi underlie rainfall-induced carbon
dioxide pulses from seasonally dried soil
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bacteria; Birch effect; fungi; growth; heavy water; mortality;
population ecology; soil wet-up; stable isotope probing; turnover
ID DRY SOIL; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; THYMIDINE INCORPORATION; MICROBIAL
BIOMASS; SPORE GERMINATION; RATES; RESPIRATION; GRASSLAND; DYNAMICS;
DROUGHT
AB The rapid increase in microbial activity that occurs when a dry soil is rewetted has been well documented and is of great interest due to implications of changing precipitation patterns on soil C dynamics. Several studies have shown minor net changes in microbial population diversity or abundance following wet-up, but the gross population dynamics of bacteria and fungi resulting from soil wet-up are virtually unknown. Here we applied DNA stable isotope probing with (H2O)-O-18 coupled with quantitative PCR to characterize new growth, survival, and mortality of bacteria and fungi following the rewetting of a seasonally dried California annual grassland soil. Microbial activity, as determined by CO2 production, increased significantly within three hours of wet-up, yet new growth was not detected until after three hours, suggesting a pulse of nongrowth activity immediately following wet-up, likely due to osmo-regulation and resuscitation from dormancy in response to the rapid change in water potential. Total microbial abundance revealed little change throughout the seven-day post-wet incubation, but there was substantial turnover of both bacterial and fungal populations (49% and 52%, respectively). New growth was linear between 24 and 168 hours for both bacteria and fungi, with average growth rates of 2.3 x 10(8) bacterial 16S rRNA gene copies[g dry mass](-1)center dot h(-1) and 4.3 x 10(7) fungal ITS copies[g dry mass](-1)center dot h(-1). While bacteria and fungi differed in their mortality and survival characteristics during the seven-day incubation, mortality that occurred within the first three hours was similar, with 25% and 27% of bacterial and fungal gene copies disappearing from the pre-wet community, respectively. The rapid disappearance of gene copies indicates that cell death, occurring either during the extreme dry down period (preceding five months) or during the rapid change in water potential due to wet-up, generates a significant pool of available C that likely contributes to the large pulse in CO2 associated with wet-up. A dynamic assemblage of growing and dying organisms controlled the CO2 pulse, but the balance between death and growth resulted in relatively stable total population abundances, even after a profound and sudden change in environment.
C1 [Blazewicz, Steven J.; Firestone, Mary K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Schwartz, Egbert] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Blazewicz, SJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd MS 962, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM sjblazewicz@usgs.gov
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-1011093, DEB-0747397]
FX We thank Eoin Brodie for constructive comments on the manuscript and
Sarah Placella for technical assistance. S. Blazewicz was supported by a
National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. Support was
provided by the National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation
Improvement Grant (DEB-1011093). E. Schwartz was supported by a National
Science Foundation Grant (DEB-0747397).
NR 55
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 14
U2 143
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 5
BP 1162
EP 1172
DI 10.1890/13-1031.1
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI3DU
UT WOS:000336740500006
PM 25000748
ER
PT J
AU Kelly, PT
Solomon, CT
Weidel, BC
Jones, SE
AF Kelly, Patrick T.
Solomon, Christopher T.
Weidel, Brian C.
Jones, Stuart E.
TI Terrestrial carbon is a resource, but not a subsidy, for lake
zooplankton
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE allochthony; DOC; light extinction coefficient; resource subsidy;
terrestrial carbon; zooplankton production
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; CLEAR-WATER LAKES; PELAGIC FOOD WEBS;
SECONDARY PRODUCTION; TEMPERATE LAKES; C-13 ADDITION; HUMIC LAKES;
PRODUCTIVITY; SUPPORT; QUALITY
AB Inputs of terrestrial organic carbon (t-OC) into lakes are often considered a resource subsidy for aquatic consumer production. Although there is evidence that terrestrial carbon can be incorporated into the tissues of aquatic consumers, its ability to enhance consumer production has been debated. Our research aims to evaluate the net effect of t-OC input on zooplankton. We used a survey of zooplankton production and resource use in ten lakes along a naturally occurring gradient of t-OC concentration to address these questions. Total and group-specific zooplankton production was negatively related to t-OC. Residual variation in zooplankton production that was not explained by t-OC was negatively related to terrestrial resource use (allochthony) by zooplankton. These results challenge the designation of terrestrial carbon as a resource subsidy; rather, the negative effect of reduced light penetration on the amount of suitable habitat and the low resource quality of t-OC appear to diminish zooplankton production. Our findings suggest that ongoing continental-scale increases in t-OC concentrations of lakes will likely have negative impacts on the productivity of aquatic food webs.
C1 [Kelly, Patrick T.; Jones, Stuart E.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Solomon, Christopher T.] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada.
[Weidel, Brian C.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Ontario Biol Stn, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
RP Kelly, PT (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM sjones20@nd.edu
RI Solomon, Chris/E-6284-2014
OI Solomon, Chris/0000-0002-2850-4257
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
FX We thank the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center
(UNDERC) and its director, Gary Belovsky, for making this research
possible. University of Notre Dame's Center for Environmental Science
and Technology (CEST) provided access to their isotope ratio
spectrometer. Technical assistance was provided by James Coloso,
Katherine Baglini, Rachel Pilla, Alexandra Sumner, and Ashley Baca. We
also thank James Coloso for helpful comments during manuscript
preparation. Funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada. Mention of specific products does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Government. This is contribution number 1814 to
the Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 44
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 7
U2 52
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 5
BP 1236
EP 1242
DI 10.1890/13-1586.1
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI3DU
UT WOS:000336740500013
PM 25000755
ER
PT J
AU Turschak, BA
Bunnell, D
Czesny, S
Hook, TO
Janssen, J
Warner, D
Bootsma, HA
AF Turschak, Benjamin A.
Bunnell, David
Czesny, Sergiusz
Hoeoek, Tomas O.
Janssen, John
Warner, David
Bootsma, Harvey A.
TI Nearshore energy subsidies support Lake Michigan fishes and
invertebrates following major changes in food web structure
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE dreissenid mussels; food web; invasive species; Lake Michigan; omnivory;
stable isotopes
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; NEOGOBIUS-MELANOSTOMUS; STABLE-ISOTOPES;
COREGONUS-HOYI; YELLOW PERCH; DYNAMICS; FRACTIONATION; CONSEQUENCES;
DREISSENIDS; VARIABILITY
AB Aquatic food webs that incorporate multiple energy channels (e.g., nearshore benthic and pelagic) with varying productivity and turnover rates convey stability to biological communities by providing independent energy sources. Within the Lake Michigan food web, invasive dreissenid mussels have caused rapid changes to food web structure and potentially altered the channels through which consumers acquire energy. We used stable C and N isotopes to determine how Lake Michigan food web structure has changed in the past decade, coincident with the expansion of dreissenid mussels, decreased pelagic phytoplankton production, and increased nearshore benthic algal production. Fish and invertebrate samples collected from sites around Lake Michigan were analyzed to determine taxa-specific C-13:C-12 (C-13) and N-15:N-14 (N-15) ratios. Sampling took place during two distinct periods, 2002-2003 and 2010-2012, that spanned the period of dreissenid expansion, and included nearshore, pelagic and profundal fish and invertebrate taxa. The magnitude and direction of the C-13 shift indicated significantly greater reliance upon nearshore benthic energy sources among nearly all fish taxa as well as profundal invertebrates following dreissenid expansion. Although the mechanisms underlying this C-13 shift likely varied among species, possible causes include the transport of benthic algal production to offshore waters and increased feeding on nearshore prey items by pelagic and profundal species. N-15 shifts were more variable and of smaller magnitude across taxa, although declines in N-15 among some pelagic fishes suggest a shift to alternative prey resources. Lake Michigan fishes and invertebrates appear to have responded to dreissenid-induced changes in nutrient and energy pathways by switching from pelagic to alternative nearshore energy subsidies. Although large shifts in energy allocation (i.e., pelagic to nearshore benthic) resulting from invasive species appear to affect total production at upper trophic levels, changes in trophic structure and utilization of novel energy pathways may help to stabilize food webs following species invasions.
C1 [Turschak, Benjamin A.; Janssen, John; Bootsma, Harvey A.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA.
[Bunnell, David; Warner, David] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Czesny, Sergiusz] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Lake Michigan Biol Stn, Zion, IL 60099 USA.
[Hoeoek, Tomas O.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Bootsma, HA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, 600 E Greenfield Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA.
EM hbootsma@uwm.edu
OI Bunnell, David/0000-0003-3521-7747
FU Wisconsin and Illinois-Indiana NOAA Sea Grant; EPA-GLNPO
FX The "first-last-author-emphasis" (FLAE) approach was applied for the
sequence of authors. We thank Erin Wilcox for her assistance processing
and running stable samples as well as organizing data. We are also
grateful to Zachery Driscoll, Austin Happel, Michael Henebry, Carolyn
Foley, Deborah Lichti, Alica Roswell, and Charles Roswell for their
assistance collecting and processing samples. Funding for this project
was supported by a grant from Wisconsin and Illinois-Indiana NOAA Sea
Grant and EPA-GLNPO. This article is Contribution 1811 of the U.S.
Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 64
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 15
U2 76
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 5
BP 1243
EP 1252
DI 10.1890/13-0329.1
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI3DU
UT WOS:000336740500014
PM 25000756
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, TL
Lindberg, MS
Schmutz, JA
Bertram, MR
AF Lewis, Tyler L.
Lindberg, Mark S.
Schmutz, Joel A.
Bertram, Mark R.
TI Multi-trophic resilience of boreal lake ecosystems to forest fires
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aquatic invertebrates; boreal forest; ecological subsidy; forest fire;
freshwater food web; resilience; trophic ecology; waterbirds
ID SUB-ARCTIC LAKES; INSECT ASSEMBLAGES; INTERIOR ALASKA; SHALLOW LAKES;
USA; PHOSPHORUS; WILDFIRE; REGIME; WEB; ACCUMULATION
AB Fires are the major natural disturbance in the boreal forest, and their frequency and intensity will likely increase as the climate warms. Terrestrial nutrients released by fires may be transported to boreal lakes, stimulating increased primary productivity, which may radiate through multiple trophic levels. Using a before-after-control-impact (BACI) design, with pre- and postfire data from burned and unburned areas, we examined effects of a natural fire across several trophic levels of boreal lakes, from nutrient and chlorophyll levels, to macroinvertebrates, to waterbirds. Concentrations of total nitrogen and phosphorus were not affected by the fire. Chlorophyll a levels were also unaffected, likely reflecting the stable nutrient concentrations. For aquatic invertebrates, we found that densities of three functional feeding groups did not respond to the fire (filterers, gatherers, scrapers), while two groups increased (shredders, predators). Amphipods accounted for 98% of shredder numbers, and we hypothesize that fire-mediated habitat changes may have favored their generalist feeding and habitat ecology. This increase in amphipods may, in turn, have driven increased predator densities, as amphipods were the most numerous invertebrate in our lakes and are commonly taken as prey. Finally, abundance of waterbird young, which feed primarily on aquatic invertebrates, was not affected by the fire. Overall, ecosystems of our study lakes were largely resilient to forest fires, likely due to their high initial nutrient concentrations and small catchment sizes. Moreover, this resilience spanned multiple trophic levels, a significant result for ecologically similar boreal regions, especially given the high potential for increased fires with future climate change.
C1 [Lewis, Tyler L.; Lindberg, Mark S.] Univ Alaska, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Lewis, Tyler L.; Lindberg, Mark S.] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Schmutz, Joel A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Bertram, Mark R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Yukon Flats Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
RP Lewis, TL (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM tllewis@alaska.edu
FU Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey; Yukon Flats National
Wildlife Refuge, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; George Melendez Wright
Climate Change Fellowship, U.S. National Park Service
FX Funding was provided by the Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological
Survey; Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; the George Melendez Wright Climate Change Fellowship, U.S.
National Park Service. A. Dubour, I. Isler, A. Simnor, C. Michaud, J.
Rose, L. Payne, C. Parrish, M. Pfander, L. Marks, and C. Mandeville
provided field assistance. D. Obrecht analyzed water samples. J.
Webster, A. Greenblatt, and N. Guldager provided air support. Use of
trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 51
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 60
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 5
BP 1253
EP 1263
DI 10.1890/13-1170.1
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI3DU
UT WOS:000336740500015
PM 25000757
ER
PT J
AU Nicolai, CA
Sedinger, JS
Ward, DH
Boyd, WS
AF Nicolai, Christopher A.
Sedinger, James S.
Ward, David H.
Boyd, W. Sean
TI Spatial variation in life-history trade-offs results in an ideal free
distribution in Black Brant Geese
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Black Brant Goose; Branta bernicla; fitness; habitat selection; ideal
free distribution; survival; trade-offs; Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta; Alaska;
USA
ID LESSER SNOW GOOSE; POPULATION-GROWTH; BRENT GEESE; DESPOTIC
DISTRIBUTION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; BREEDING POPULATION;
BERNICLA-NIGRICANS; RED DEER; SURVIVAL; FITNESS
AB Ideal free distribution theory predicts that individuals distribute themselves so fitness is equal among patches. In this paper we evaluate all components of adult fitness to assess the hypothesis that individuals distribute themselves among seven brood-rearing areas so that trade-offs among different life history traits result in equal mean fitness among individuals using different areas. We used estimates of vital rates (clutch size, nest survival, pre-fledging survival, post-fledging survival, juvenile survival, and breeding probability) to estimate brood-rearing-area-specific per capita recruitment rates and survival for adult females. We summed brood-rearing-area-specific per capita recruitment and adult survival to calculate brood-rearing-area-specific estimates of . We found little variation in among brood-rearing areas and lifetime fitness implications of changing brood-rearing area were negligible (<1% brood-rearing area mean fitness). We conclude that adult female Black Brant distribute themselves in an ideal free manner, resulting in equal fitness among females using these areas.
C1 [Nicolai, Christopher A.] Univ Nevada, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Nicolai, Christopher A.; Sedinger, James S.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Ward, David H.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Boyd, W. Sean] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Pacific Wildlife Res Ctr, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada.
RP Sedinger, JS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM jsedinger@cabnr.unr.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Alaska Science Center; Ducks Unlimited de
Mexico; Ducks Unlimited Inc.; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory
Bird Division, Region 7 and through the North American Wetland
Conservation Fund; Environment Canada; Nature Trust of British Columbia;
Arctic Goose Joint Venture; Ducks Unlimited; Morro Bay Brant Group;
National Science Foundation [OPP 92 14970, DEB 98 15383, OPP 99 85931,
OPP 01 96406, DEB 0743152]
FX Many individuals assisted with fieldwork (Appendix D). Logistic support
in Mexico was provided by San Diego National Wildlife Refuge, D. and R.
Wheeler, Kuyima Inc., Ducks Unlimited de Mexico, and La Compania de
Exportadora de Sal. S. A. Funding for work in Mexico was provided by
U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Ducks Unlimited de
Mexico, Ducks Unlimited Inc., and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Migratory Bird Division, Region 7 and through the North American Wetland
Conservation Fund. Primary funding sources for Canadian band resighting
were Environment Canada, The Nature Trust of British Columbia, and
Arctic Goose Joint Venture. Studies at the Tutakoke colony were
supported by the Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Ducks
Unlimited, the Morro Bay Brant Group, Phil Jebbia (in memory of Marnie
Shepherd), and the National Science Foundation (OPP 92 14970, DEB 98
15383, OPP 99 85931, OPP 01 96406, DEB 0743152) with logistical support
from Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge. Additional support was
provided by Ducks Unlimited through the Futch Scholarship, Jay Dow Sr.
Wetland Scholarship, and the Dennis Raveling Scholarship. The use of
trade or product names is for the descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 54
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 5
BP 1323
EP 1331
DI 10.1890/13-0860.1
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AI3DU
UT WOS:000336740500021
PM 25000763
ER
PT J
AU Fenderson, LE
Kovach, AI
Litvaitis, JA
O'Brien, KM
Boland, KM
Jakubas, WJ
AF Fenderson, Lindsey E.
Kovach, Adrienne I.
Litvaitis, John A.
O'Brien, Kathleen M.
Boland, Kelly M.
Jakubas, Walter J.
TI A multiscale analysis of gene flow for the New England cottontail, an
imperiled habitat specialist in a fragmented landscape
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Connectivity; dispersal; early successional habitat; fragmentation;
landscape genetics; New England cottontail; roads
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; COMPUTER-PROGRAM;
ALLELE FREQUENCY; NATAL DISPERSAL; BRACHYLAGUS-IDAHOENSIS; LINKAGE
DISEQUILIBRIUM; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; REMNANT POPULATIONS; GENOTYPING
ERRORS
AB Landscape features of anthropogenic or natural origin can influence organisms' dispersal patterns and the connectivity of populations. Understanding these relationships is of broad interest in ecology and evolutionary biology and provides key insights for habitat conservation planning at the landscape scale. This knowledge is germane to restoration efforts for the New England cottontail (Sylvilagus transitionalis), an early successional habitat specialist of conservation concern. We evaluated local population structure and measures of genetic diversity of a geographically isolated population of cottontails in the northeastern United States. We also conducted a multiscale landscape genetic analysis, in which we assessed genetic discontinuities relative to the landscape and developed several resistance models to test hypotheses about landscape features that promote or inhibit cottontail dispersal within and across the local populations. Bayesian clustering identified four genetically distinct populations, with very little migration among them, and additional substructure within one of those populations. These populations had private alleles, low genetic diversity, critically low effective population sizes (3.2-36.7), and evidence of recent genetic bottlenecks. Major highways and a river were found to limit cottontail dispersal and to separate populations. The habitat along roadsides, railroad beds, and utility corridors, on the other hand, was found to facilitate cottontail movement among patches. The relative importance of dispersal barriers and facilitators on gene flow varied among populations in relation to landscape composition, demonstrating the complexity and context dependency of factors influencing gene flow and highlighting the importance of replication and scale in landscape genetic studies. Our findings provide information for the design of restoration landscapes for the New England cottontail and also highlight the dual influence of roads, as both barriers and facilitators of dispersal for an early successional habitat specialist in a fragmented landscape.
C1 [Fenderson, Lindsey E.; Kovach, Adrienne I.; Litvaitis, John A.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[O'Brien, Kathleen M.; Boland, Kelly M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Rachel Carson Natl Wildlife Refuge, Wells, ME 04090 USA.
[Jakubas, Walter J.] Maine Dept Inland Fisheries & Wildlife, Bangor, ME 04401 USA.
RP Kovach, AI (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, 114 James Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM akovach@unh.edu
OI Fenderson, Lindsey/0000-0002-2921-6636
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and
Wildlife - through its Pittman Robertson Funds; State Wildlife Grant;
Department of Transportation Grant; Maine Outdoor Heritage Fund;
National Science Foundation; New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment
Station
FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife - through its
Pittman Robertson Funds, State Wildlife Grant, and Department of
Transportation Grant; the Maine Outdoor Heritage Fund; the National
Science Foundation; and the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment
Station.
NR 131
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 10
U2 80
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 10
BP 1853
EP 1875
DI 10.1002/ece3.1068
PG 23
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AH9VC
UT WOS:000336491600010
PM 24963381
ER
PT J
AU Carey, MP
Zimmerman, CE
AF Carey, Michael P.
Zimmerman, Christian E.
TI Physiological and ecological effects of increasing temperature on fish
production in lakes of Arctic Alaska
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic Coastal Plain; climate change; coregonidae; fish bioenergetics;
lake food webs
ID JUVENILE SOCKEYE-SALMON; FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
GREAT-LAKES; BIOENERGETICS MODEL; SOUTHWESTERN ALASKA; SPECIES RICHNESS;
THERMAL HABITAT; FOOD WEBS; GROWTH
AB Lake ecosystems in the Arctic are changing rapidly due to climate warming. Lakes are sensitive integrators of climate-induced changes and prominent features across the Arctic landscape, especially in lowland permafrost regions such as the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska. Despite many studies on the implications of climate warming, how fish populations will respond to lake changes is uncertain for Arctic ecosystems. Least Cisco (Coregonus sardinella) is a bellwether for Arctic lakes as an important consumer and prey resource. To explore the consequences of climate warming, we used a bioenergetics model to simulate changes in Least Cisco production under future climate scenarios for lakes on the Arctic Coastal Plain. First, we used current temperatures to fit Least Cisco consumption to observed annual growth. We then estimated growth, holding food availability, and then feeding rate constant, for future projections of temperature. Projected warmer water temperatures resulted in reduced Least Cisco production, especially for larger size classes, when food availability was held constant. While holding feeding rate constant, production of Least Cisco increased under all future scenarios with progressively more growth in warmer temperatures. Higher variability occurred with longer projections of time mirroring the expanding uncertainty in climate predictions further into the future. In addition to direct temperature effects on Least Cisco growth, we also considered changes in lake ice phenology and prey resources for Least Cisco. A shorter period of ice cover resulted in increased production, similar to warming temperatures. Altering prey quality had a larger effect on fish production in summer than winter and increased relative growth of younger rather than older age classes of Least Cisco. Overall, we predicted increased production of Least Cisco due to climate warming in lakes of Arctic Alaska. Understanding the implications of increased production of Least Cisco to the entire food web will be necessary to predict ecosystem responses in lakes of the Arctic.
C1 [Carey, Michael P.; Zimmerman, Christian E.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Carey, MP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM mcarey@usgs.gov
OI Zimmerman, Christian/0000-0002-3646-0688
FU Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative of the U.S. Geological Survey
Ecosystem Mission Area
FX This project was funded through the Changing Arctic Ecosystems
Initiative of the U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystem Mission Area.
NR 75
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 38
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 10
BP 1981
EP 1993
DI 10.1002/ece3.1080
PG 13
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AH9VC
UT WOS:000336491600020
PM 24963391
ER
PT J
AU Costello, CM
van Manen, FT
Haroldson, MA
Ebinger, MR
Cain, SL
Gunther, KA
Bjornlie, DD
AF Costello, Cecily M.
van Manen, Frank T.
Haroldson, Mark A.
Ebinger, Michael R.
Cain, Steven L.
Gunther, Kerry A.
Bjornlie, Daniel D.
TI Influence of whitebark pine decline on fall habitat use and movements of
grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE activity radius; diet; food; foraging; habitat selection; Manly-Chesson
index; mast production; Pinus albicaulis; roads; Ursus arctos
ID AMERICAN BLACK BEARS; BROWN BEARS; MAST PRODUCTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
SELECTIVE PREDATION; NATIONAL-PARK; MORTALITY; CONSERVATION;
CONSTRAINTS; DISTURBANCE
AB When abundant, seeds of the high-elevation whitebark pine (WBP; Pinus albicaulis) are an important fall food for grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Rates of bear mortality and bear/human conflicts have been inversely associated with WBP productivity. Recently, mountain pine beetles (Dendroctonus ponderosae) have killed many cone-producing WBP trees. We used fall (15 August-30 September) Global Positioning System locations from 89 bear years to investigate temporal changes in habitat use and movements during 2000-2011. We calculated Manly-Chesson (MC) indices for selectivity of WBP habitat and secure habitat (500m from roads and human developments), determined dates of WBP use, and documented net daily movement distances and activity radii. To evaluate temporal trends, we used regression, model selection, and candidate model sets consisting of annual WBP production, sex, and year. One-third of sampled grizzly bears had fall ranges with little or no mapped WBP habitat. Most other bears (72%) had a MC index above 0.5, indicating selection for WBP habitats. From 2000 to 2011, mean MC index decreased and median date of WBP use shifted about 1week later. We detected no trends in movement indices over time. Outside of national parks, there was no correlation between the MC indices for WBP habitat and secure habitat, and most bears (78%) selected for secure habitat. Nonetheless, mean MC index for secure habitat decreased over the study period during years of good WBP productivity. The wide diet breadth and foraging plasticity of grizzly bears likely allowed them to adjust to declining WBP. Bears reduced use of WBP stands without increasing movement rates, suggesting they obtained alternative fall foods within their local surroundings. However, the reduction in mortality risk historically associated with use of secure, high-elevation WBP habitat may be diminishing for bears residing in multiple-use areas.
C1 [Costello, Cecily M.; Ebinger, Michael R.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[van Manen, Frank T.; Haroldson, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Cain, Steven L.] Grand Teton Natl Pk, Moose, WY 83012 USA.
[Gunther, Kerry A.] Natl Pk Serv, Yellowstone Ctr Resources, Bear Management Off, Yellowstone Natl Pk, WY 82190 USA.
[Bjornlie, Daniel D.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Large Carnivore Sect, Lander, WY 82520 USA.
RP Costello, CM (reprint author), Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM ccostello@bresnan.net
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center,
Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
Bear Management Office of the Yellowstone Center for Resources at
Yellowstone National Park; Grand Teton National Park; Wyoming Game and
Fish Department; Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks; Idaho Game and Fish;
U.S. Forest Service; Wind River Fish Department of the Shoshone Tribe;
Wind River Game Department of the Arapahoe Tribe
FX This research was supported with funds and support from the U.S.
Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency
Grizzly Bear Study Team; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Bear Management
Office of the Yellowstone Center for Resources at Yellowstone National
Park; Grand Teton National Park; Wyoming Game and Fish Department;
Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks; Idaho Game and Fish; U.S. Forest
Service; and the Wind River Fish and Game Departments of the Shoshone
and Arapahoe Tribes.
NR 87
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 8
U2 63
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 10
BP 2004
EP 2018
DI 10.1002/ece3.1082
PG 15
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AH9VC
UT WOS:000336491600022
PM 24963393
ER
PT J
AU Andraski, BJ
Jackson, WA
Welborn, TL
Bohlke, JK
Sevanthi, R
Stonestrom, DA
AF Andraski, B. J.
Jackson, W. A.
Welborn, T. L.
Boehlke, J. K.
Sevanthi, Ritesh
Stonestrom, D. A.
TI Soil, Plant, and Terrain Effects on Natural Perchlorate Distribution in
a Desert Landscape
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL NEW-MEXICO; MOJAVE-DESERT; UNITED-STATES; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION;
OXYGEN ISOTOPES; WATER-MOVEMENT; FRESH-WATER; HIGH-PLAINS; NITRATE;
ACCUMULATION
AB Perchlorate (ClO4-) is a contaminant that occurs naturally throughout the world, but little is known about its distribution and interactions in terrestrial ecosystems. The objectives of this Amargosa Desert, Nevada study were to determine (i) the localscale distribution of shallow-soil (0-30 cm) ClO4- with respect to shrub proximity (far and near) in three geomorphic settings (shoulder slope, footslope, and valley floor); (ii) the importance of soil, plant, and terrain variables on the hillslope-distribution of shallow-soil and creosote bush [Larrea tridentata (Sesse & Moc. ex DC.) Coville]ClO4-; and (iii) atmospheric (wet plus dry, including dust) deposition of ClO4- in relation to soil and plant reservoirs and cycling. Soil ClO4- ranged from 0.3 to 5.0 mg kg(-1). Within settings, valley floor ClO4- was 17x less near shrubs due in part to enhanced leaching, whereas shoulder and footslope values were similar to 2x greater near shrubs. Hillslope regression models (soil, R-2 = 0.42; leaf, R-2 = 0.74) identified topographic and soil effects on ClO4- deposition, transport, and cycling. Selective plant uptake, bioaccumulation, and soil enrichment were evidenced by leaf ClO4- concentrations and Cl-/ClO4- molar ratios that were similar to 8000x greater and 40x less, respectively, than soil values. Atmospheric deposition ClO4- flux was 343 mg ha(-1) yr(-1), similar to 10x that for published southwestern wet-deposition fluxes. Creosote bush canopy ClO4- (1310 mg ha(-1)) was identified as a previously unrecognized but important and active reservoir. Nitrate delta O-18 analyses of atmospheric deposition and soil supported the leaf-cycled-ClO4- input hypothesis. This study provides basic data on ClO4- distribution and cycling that are pertinent to the assessment of environmental impacts in desert ecosystems and broadly transferable to anthropogenically contaminated systems.
C1 [Andraski, B. J.; Welborn, T. L.] US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
[Jackson, W. A.; Sevanthi, Ritesh] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Boehlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Stonestrom, D. A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Andraski, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2730 N Deer Run Rd, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
EM andraski@usgs.gov
RI Jackson, William/B-8999-2009;
OI Stonestrom, David/0000-0001-7883-3385; Sevanthi,
Ritesh/0000-0002-7651-3553
FU USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; USGS National Research Program;
USGS Groundwater Resources Program; USGS National Water Quality
Assessment Program; USDOD Strategic Environmental Research and
Development Program [ER-1435]
FX Financial support for this research was provided by the USGS Toxic
Substances Hydrology, National Research, Groundwater Resources, and
National Water Quality Assessment Programs and by the USDOD Strategic
Environmental Research and Development Program (Project ER-1435). Field
and laboratory support were provided by J.M. Arthur, C. A. Garcia, J.E.
Hannon, M.J. Johnson, C.J. Mayers, and K. Schmidt. Helpful reviews of
the manuscript were provided by G.J. Orris and anonymous reviewers.
NR 74
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 18
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
EI 1537-2537
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 3
BP 980
EP 994
DI 10.2134/jeq2013.11.0453
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH6XN
UT WOS:000336275700021
PM 25602827
ER
PT J
AU Hwang, HM
Stanton, B
McBride, T
Anderson, MJ
AF Hwang, Hyun-Min
Stanton, Beckye
McBride, Toby
Anderson, Michael J.
TI POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON BODY RESIDUES AND LYSOSOMAL MEMBRANE
DESTABILIZATION IN MUSSELS EXPOSED TO THE DUBAI STAR BUNKER FUEL OIL
(INTERMEDIATE FUEL OIL 380) SPILL IN SAN FRANCISCO BAY
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Oil spill; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Toxicokinetics; Lysosomal
destabilization; Critical body residue; Screening
ID OYSTERS CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; PETROLEUM-HYDROCARBONS; MYTILUS-EDULIS;
RESPONSES; CELLS; BIOACCUMULATION; INVERTEBRATES; STABILITY; SEDIMENT;
SITES
AB Following the spill of bunker fuel oil (intermediate fuel oil 380, approximately 1500-3000 L) into San Francisco Bay in October 2009, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in mussels from moderately oiled areas increased up to 87 554ng/g (dry wt) and, 3 mo later, decreased to concentrations found in mussels collected prior to oiling, with a biological half-life of approximately 16 d. Lysosomal membrane destabilization increased in mussels with higher PAH body burdens. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:1117-1121. (c) 2014 SETAC
C1 [Hwang, Hyun-Min] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Stanton, Beckye; Anderson, Michael J.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Off Spill Prevent & Response, Sacramento, CA USA.
[McBride, Toby] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Environm Contaminants Div, Sacramento, CA USA.
RP Hwang, HM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM hwangh@tsu.edu
FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife
FX The present study was supported by the California Department of Fish and
Wildlife as part of the natural resource damage assessment arising from
the 2009 Dubai Star bunker fuel oil spill.
NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 5
BP 1117
EP 1121
DI 10.1002/etc.2518
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AF1QP
UT WOS:000334488700022
PM 24435959
ER
PT J
AU Ottinger, CA
Honeyfield, DC
Densmore, CL
Iwanowicz, LR
AF Ottinger, Christopher A.
Honeyfield, Dale C.
Densmore, Christine L.
Iwanowicz, Luke R.
TI In vitro immune functions in thiamine-replete and -depleted lake trout
(Salvelinus namaycush)
SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Thiamine; Lake trout; Great lakes; In vitro; Oxidative stress
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; YOLK-SAC FRY; ALPHA-KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE;
TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; DIETARY VITAMIN-C; FISH T-CELLS; BALTIC SALMON;
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; ATLANTIC SALMON; SELECTIVE VULNERABILITY
AB In this study we examined the impacts of in vivo thiamine deficiency on lake trout leukocyte function measured in vitro. When compared outside the context of individual-specific thiamine concentrations no significant differences were observed in leukocyte bactericidal activity or in concanavalin A (Con A), and phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) stimulated leukocyte proliferation. Placing immune functions into context with the ratio of in vivo liver thiamine monophosphate (TMP - biologically inactive form) to thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP - biologically active form) proved to be the best indicator of thiamine depletion impacts as determined using regression modeling. These observed relationships indicated differential effects on the immune measures with bactericidal activity exhibiting an inverse relationship with TMP to TPP ratios, Con A stimulated mitogenesis exhibiting a positive relationship with TMP to TPP ratios and PHA-P stimulated mitogenesis exhibiting no significant relationships. In addition, these relationships showed considerable complexity which included the consistent observation of a thiaminereplete subgroup with characteristics similar to those seen in the leukocytes from thiamine-depleted fish. When considered together, our observations indicate that lake trout leukocytes experience cell-type specific impacts as well as an altered physiologic environment when confronted with a thiamine-limited state. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Ottinger, Christopher A.; Densmore, Christine L.; Iwanowicz, Luke R.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, Leetown, WV 25430 USA.
[Honeyfield, Dale C.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
RP Ottinger, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, Leetown, WV 25430 USA.
EM ottingerfamily@hughes.net
OI Ottinger, Christopher/0000-0003-2551-1985; Iwanowicz,
Luke/0000-0002-1197-6178
FU Great Lakes Fisheries Commission
FX We thank The Great Lakes Fisheries Commission for their financial
support of this project and Mr. William Ridge for his assistance with
feed preparation and animal care.
NR 60
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 15
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 1050-4648
EI 1095-9947
J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN
JI Fish Shellfish Immunol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 1
BP 211
EP 220
DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.03.024
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA AH7ZK
UT WOS:000336353700028
PM 24680830
ER
PT J
AU Denny, EG
Gerst, KL
Miller-Rushing, AJ
Tierney, GL
Crimmins, TM
Enquist, CAF
Guertin, P
Rosemartin, AH
Schwartz, MD
Thomas, KA
Weltzin, JF
AF Denny, Ellen G.
Gerst, Katharine L.
Miller-Rushing, Abraham J.
Tierney, Geraldine L.
Crimmins, Theresa M.
Enquist, Carolyn A. F.
Guertin, Patricia
Rosemartin, Alyssa H.
Schwartz, Mark D.
Thomas, Kathryn A.
Weltzin, Jake F.
TI Standardized phenology monitoring methods to track plant and animal
activity for science and resource management applications
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Animal; Climate change; Methods; Monitoring; Phenology; Plant; Protocol
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; FORECASTING PHENOLOGY; FLOWERING PHENOLOGY;
NEAR-SURFACE; RESPONSES; ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS; EARLIER; SEASON; ONSET
AB Phenology offers critical insights into the responses of species to climate change; shifts in species' phenologies can result in disruptions to the ecosystem processes and services upon which human livelihood depends. To better detect such shifts, scientists need long-term phenological records covering many taxa and across a broad geographic distribution. To date, phenological observation efforts across the USA have been geographically limited and have used different methods, making comparisons across sites and species difficult. To facilitate coordinated cross-site, cross-species, and geographically extensive phenological monitoring across the nation, the USA National Phenology Network has developed in situ monitoring protocols standardized across taxonomic groups and ecosystem types for terrestrial, freshwater, and marine plant and animal taxa. The protocols include elements that allow enhanced detection and description of phenological responses, including assessment of phenological "status", or the ability to track presence-absence of a particular phenophase, as well as standards for documenting the degree to which phenological activity is expressed in terms of intensity or abundance. Data collected by this method can be integrated with historical phenology data sets, enabling the development of databases for spatial and temporal assessment of changes in status and trends of disparate organisms. To build a common, spatially, and temporally extensive multi-taxa phenological data set available for a variety of research and science applications, we encourage scientists, resources managers, and others conducting ecological monitoring or research to consider utilization of these standardized protocols for tracking the seasonal activity of plants and animals.
C1 [Denny, Ellen G.; Gerst, Katharine L.; Miller-Rushing, Abraham J.; Crimmins, Theresa M.; Enquist, Carolyn A. F.; Guertin, Patricia; Rosemartin, Alyssa H.; Thomas, Kathryn A.; Weltzin, Jake F.] USA Natl Phenol Network, Natl Coordinating Off, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Denny, Ellen G.; Gerst, Katharine L.; Crimmins, Theresa M.; Guertin, Patricia; Rosemartin, Alyssa H.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Miller-Rushing, Abraham J.] Natl Pk Serv, Schood Educ & Res Ctr, Winter Harbor, ME 04693 USA.
[Miller-Rushing, Abraham J.] Natl Pk Serv, Acad Natl Pk, Winter Harbor, ME 04693 USA.
[Tierney, Geraldine L.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Enquist, Carolyn A. F.] Wildlife Soc, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA.
[Schwartz, Mark D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Thomas, Kathryn A.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Weltzin, Jake F.] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Denny, EG (reprint author), USA Natl Phenol Network, Natl Coordinating Off, 1955 East Sixth St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM ellen@usanpn.org
FU US Geological Survey; University of Arizona; University of
Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Wildlife Society; US National Park Service;
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Aeronautics
and Space Administration; National Science Foundation (Research
Coordination Network) [IOS-0639794]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; US
Fish and Wildlife Service; Northeastern States Research Cooperative
(USDA Forest Service); Microsoft Research
FX Many individuals contributed to the development and review of these
phenology protocols over the last 6 years. These individuals are listed
online at www.usanpn.org/plant-animal-credits. The USA-NPN gratefully
acknowledges the following sponsoring organizations: The US Geological
Survey, University of Arizona, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, The
Wildlife Society, US National Park Service, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, National Science Foundation (Research Coordination
Network grant, IOS-0639794), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and US Fish
and Wildlife Service. We are also grateful to the Northeastern States
Research Cooperative (through funding made available by the USDA Forest
Service) and Microsoft Research for funding the lead author during the
initial years of protocol development. Data for Fig. 1 were provided by
two of the many participants who contribute to Nature's Notebook.
NR 72
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 4
U2 40
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0020-7128
EI 1432-1254
J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL
JI Int. J. Biometeorol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 58
IS 4
BP 591
EP 601
DI 10.1007/s00484-014-0789-5
PG 11
WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Physiology
SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences; Physiology
GA AH7QU
UT WOS:000336329300016
PM 24458770
ER
PT J
AU Haynes, TB
Schmutz, JA
Lindberg, MS
Wright, KG
Uher-Koch, BD
Rosenberger, AE
AF Haynes, Trevor B.
Schmutz, Joel A.
Lindberg, Mark S.
Wright, Kenneth G.
Uher-Koch, Brian D.
Rosenberger, Amanda E.
TI Occupancy of yellow-billed and Pacific loons: evidence for interspecific
competition and habitat mediated co-occurrence
SO JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER AVAILABILITY; NORTHERN ALASKA; POPULATION; PATTERNS; ECOLOGY; SIZE
AB Interspecific competition is an important process structuring ecological communities, however, it is difficult to observe in nature. We used an occupancy modelling approach to evaluate evidence of competition between yellow-billed (Gavia adamsii) and Pacific (G. pacifica) loons for nesting lakes on the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska. With multiple years of data and survey platforms, we estimated dynamic occupancy states (e.g. rates of colonization or extinction from individual lakes) and controlled for detection differences among aircraft platforms and ground survey crews. Results indicated that yellow-billed loons were strong competitors and negatively influenced the occupancy of Pacific loons by excluding them from potential breeding lakes. Pacific loon occupancy was conditional on the presence of yellow-billed loons, with Pacific loons having almost a tenfold decrease in occupancy probability when yellow-billed loons were present and a threefold decrease in colonization probability when yellow-billed loons were present in the current or previous year. Yellow-billed and Pacific loons co-occurred less than expected by chance except on very large lakes or lakes with convoluted shorelines; variables which may decrease the cost of maintaining a territory in the presence of the other species. These results imply the existence of interspecific competition between yellow-billed and Pacific loons for nesting lakes; however, habitat characteristics which facilitate visual and spatial separation of territories can reduce competitive interactions and promote species co-occurrence.
C1 [Haynes, Trevor B.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Schmutz, Joel A.; Wright, Kenneth G.; Uher-Koch, Brian D.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Lindberg, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Rosenberger, Amanda E.] Univ Missouri, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP Haynes, TB (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM t.haynes@alaska.edu
FU State Wildlife Grant through the Alaska Dept of Fish and Game; US
Geological Survey's Changing Arctic Ecosystem Initiative; Wildlife
Program of the USGS Ecosystem Mission Area
FX The authors would like to thank Mary Rabe, Kim Titus and the Wildlife
Diversity Program at the Alaska Dept of Fish and Game, as well as Robert
Stehn, Robert Platte, Julian Fischer, William Larned and Dennis Marks
and the Alaska Waterfowl Management Office of US Fish and Wildlife
Service. This research could not have been accomplished without the hard
work of multiple field crews and pilots. Data were collected under the
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee permit number 1765334. The
project was partially funded by a State Wildlife Grant awarded through
the Alaska Dept of Fish and Game and is part of the US Geological
Survey's Changing Arctic Ecosystem Initiative, supported, in part, by
the Wildlife Program of the USGS Ecosystem Mission Area. Thanks to Mark
Miller for assistance with the delta method and John Pearce, Robert
Stehn and Charles Yackulic for providing comments on earlier versions of
this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 48
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0908-8857
EI 1600-048X
J9 J AVIAN BIOL
JI J. Avian Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 45
IS 3
BP 296
EP 304
DI 10.1111/jav.00394
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AG4PB
UT WOS:000335401300011
ER
PT J
AU Imre, I
Di Rocco, RT
Belanger, CF
Brown, GE
Johnson, NS
AF Imre, I.
Di Rocco, R. T.
Belanger, C. F.
Brown, G. E.
Johnson, N. S.
TI The behavioural response of adult Petromyzon marinus to damage-released
alarm and predator cues
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE 2-phenylethylamine; alarm chemicals; antipredator behaviour; chemical
ecology; predator-prey interactions; sea lamprey
ID JUVENILE ATLANTIC SALMON; SEA LAMPREY; GREAT-LAKES; SENSORY
COMPLEMENTATION; ANTIPREDATOR BEHAVIOR; CULAEA-INCONSTANS; RECOGNITION;
FISHES; PREY; MANAGEMENT
AB Using semi-natural enclosures, this study investigated (1) whether adult sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus show avoidance of damage-released conspecific cues, damage-released heterospecific cues and predator cues and (2) whether this is a general response to injured heterospecific fishes or a specific response to injured P. marinus. Ten replicate groups of 10 adult P. marinus, separated by sex, were exposed to one of the following nine stimuli: deionized water (control), extracts prepared from adult P. marinus, decayed adult P. marinus (conspecific stimuli), sympatric white sucker Catostomus commersonii, Amazon sailfin catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis (heterospecific stimuli), 2-phenylethylamine (PEA HCl) solution, northern water snake Nerodia sipedon washing, human saliva (predator cues) and an adult P. marinus extract and human saliva combination (a damage-released conspecific cue and a predator cue). Adult P. marinus showed a significant avoidance response to the adult P. marinus extract as well as to C. commersonii, human saliva, PEA and the adult P. marinus extract and human saliva combination. For mobile P. marinus, the N. sipedon washing induced behaviour consistent with predator inspection. Exposure to the P. pardalis extract did not induce a significant avoidance response during the stimulus release period. Mobile adult female P. marinus showed a stronger avoidance behaviour than mobile adult male P. marinus in response to the adult P. marinus extract and the adult P. marinus extract and human saliva combination. The findings support the continued investigation of natural damage-released alarm cue and predator-based repellents for the behavioural manipulation of P. marinus populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes.
C1 [Imre, I.; Di Rocco, R. T.; Belanger, C. F.] Algoma Univ, Dept Biol, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2G4, Canada.
[Brown, G. E.] Concordia Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H4B 1R6, Canada.
[Johnson, N. S.] USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
RP Imre, I (reprint author), Algoma Univ, Dept Biol, 1520 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2G4, Canada.
EM istvan.imre@algomau.ca
RI Brown, Grant/B-7182-2013
OI Brown, Grant/0000-0003-3493-3477
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission; Northern Ontario Heritage Fund
Corporation; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council
Undergraduate Summer Research Assistant Program
FX The authors are grateful to the Hammond Bay Biological Station for their
logistical and housing support, especially to M. Hansen and K. Slaght.
Special thanks are due to M. Wagner, J. Bals and T. Meckley for
generously allowing us to use their video camera and video recording
equipment and for putting up with our questions over the summer months.
R. Pietrzakowski and J. Sauve helped with data collection from DVDs.
Thanks are due to all the personnel working at the Station who
generously donated human saliva for our research. This research was
supported by grants from the Great Lakes Fishery Commission, Northern
Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation and the National Sciences and
Engineering Research Council Undergraduate Summer Research Assistant
Program. The authors also thank two anonymous referees for their
constructive comments. This article is contribution number 1822 of the
Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 33
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 40
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 84
IS 5
BP 1490
EP 1502
DI 10.1111/jfb.12374
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AG5GD
UT WOS:000335446600015
PM 24773541
ER
PT J
AU Lu, N
Kaya, M
Godt, JW
AF Lu, Ning
Kaya, Murat
Godt, Jonathan W.
TI Interrelations among the Soil-Water Retention, Hydraulic Conductivity,
and Suction-Stress Characteristic Curves
SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Soil water; Hydraulic conductivity; Suction; Effective stress; Shear
strength; Soil deformation; Fluid flow; Soil-water retention; Hydraulic
conductivity; Suction stress; Effective stress; Matric suction; Shear
strength; Deformation; Fluid flow
ID UNSATURATED SOILS; SHEAR-STRENGTH; HYSTERESIS; PREDICTION; SAND
AB (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers. The three fundamental constitutive relations that describe fluid flow, strength, and deformation behavior of variably saturated soils are the soil-water retention curve (SWRC), hydraulic conductivity function (HCF), and suction-stress characteristic curve (SSCC). Until recently, the interrelations among the SWRC, HCF, and SSCC have not been well established. This work sought experimental confirmation of interrelations among these three constitutive functions. Results taken from the literature for six soils and those obtained for 11 different soils were used. Using newly established analytical relations among the SWRC, HCF, and SSCC and these test results, the authors showed that these three constitutive relations can be defined by a common set of hydromechanical parameters. The coefficient of determination for air-entry pressures determined independently using hydraulic and mechanical methods is >0.99, >0.98 for the pore size parameter, and 0.94 for the residual degree of saturation. One practical implication is that one of any of the four experiments (axis-translation, hydraulic, shear-strength, or deformation) is sufficient to quantify all three constitutive relations.
C1 [Lu, Ning; Kaya, Murat] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Godt, Jonathan W.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Lu, N (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM ninglu@mines.edu; muratyukselkaya@gmail.com; jgodt@usgs.gov
FU National Science Foundation [NSF CMMI-1233063, CMMI-0926276]; U.S.
Geological Survey [USGS G09AC00085]
FX This research was partially supported by grants from the National
Science Foundation (NSF CMMI-1233063 and CMMI-0926276) and a grant from
the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS G09AC00085) to N.L.
NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 34
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1090-0241
EI 1943-5606
J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON
JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng.
PD MAY 1
PY 2014
VL 140
IS 5
AR 04014007
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001085
PG 10
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA AE9VY
UT WOS:000334360600006
ER
PT J
AU Puckett, EE
Kristensen, TV
Wilton, CM
Lyda, SB
Noyce, KV
Holahan, PM
Leslie, DM
Beringer, J
Belant, JL
White, D
Eggert, LS
AF Puckett, Emily E.
Kristensen, Thea V.
Wilton, Clay M.
Lyda, Sara B.
Noyce, Karen V.
Holahan, Paula M.
Leslie, David M., Jr.
Beringer, Jeff
Belant, Jerrold L.
White, Don, Jr.
Eggert, Lori S.
TI Influence of drift and admixture on population structure of American
black bears Ursus americanus in the Central Interior Highlands, USA,
50years after translocation
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE founder effect; approximate Bayesian computation; genetic drift;
reintroduction
ID APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN COMPUTATION; MICROSATELLITE LOCI;
GENETIC-STRUCTURE; NORTH-AMERICA; DNA VARIATION; INFERENCE;
PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; DIVERSITY; SOFTWARE; PROGRAM
AB Bottlenecks, founder events, and genetic drift often result in decreased genetic diversity and increased population differentiation. These events may follow abundance declines due to natural or anthropogenic perturbations, where translocations may be an effective conservation strategy to increase population size. American black bears (Ursus americanus) were nearly extirpated from the Central Interior Highlands, USA by 1920. In an effort to restore bears, 254 individuals were translocated from Minnesota, USA, and Manitoba, Canada, into the Ouachita and Ozark Mountains from 1958 to 1968. Using 15 microsatellites and mitochondrial haplotypes, we observed contemporary genetic diversity and differentiation between the source and supplemented populations. We inferred four genetic clusters: Source, Ouachitas, Ozarks, and a cluster in Missouri where no individuals were translocated. Coalescent models using approximate Bayesian computation identified an admixture model as having the highest posterior probability (0.942) over models where the translocation was unsuccessful or acted as a founder event. Nuclear genetic diversity was highest in the source (A(R)=9.11) and significantly lower in the translocated populations (A(R)=7.07-7.34; P=0.004). The Missouri cluster had the lowest genetic diversity (A(R)=5.48) and served as a natural experiment showing the utility of translocations to increase genetic diversity following demographic bottlenecks. Differentiation was greater between the two admixed populations than either compared to the source, suggesting that genetic drift acted strongly over the eight generations since the translocation. The Ouachitas and Missouri were previously hypothesized to be remnant lineages. We observed a pretranslocation remnant signature in Missouri but not in the Ouachitas.
C1 [Puckett, Emily E.; Eggert, Lori S.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Kristensen, Thea V.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Wilton, Clay M.; Belant, Jerrold L.] Mississippi State Univ, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Carnivore Ecol Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Lyda, Sara B.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Noyce, Karen V.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Forest Wildlife Populat & Res Grp, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
[Holahan, Paula M.] Univ Wisconsin, Zool Museum, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Leslie, David M., Jr.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Beringer, Jeff] Missouri Dept Conservat, Resource Sci Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[White, Don, Jr.] Univ Arkansas Monticello, Univ Arkansas, Agr Expt Stn, Arkansas Forest Resources Ctr, Monticello, AR 71656 USA.
RP Puckett, EE (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, 226 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM Emily.E.Puckett@gmail.com
FU Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation [F10AF00137]; Missouri
Department of Conservation; Arkansas Game and Fish Commission; Federal
Aid in Wildlife Restoration program; Safari Club International
Foundation; University of Missouri Life Sciences Fellowship
FX We thank Ricky Eastridge and Myron Means (AGFC) for assistance with
sample collection in AR; Craig Endicott, Joe Hemphill and Jeff Ford
(ODWC) for collection in OK; and Jessica A. Philbrick and Michelle R.
Anderson for laboratory assistance. We thank David Onorato and three
anonymous reviewers for comments that improved the manuscript. Sample
collection in Oklahoma was supported in part by Federal Aid Project
F10AF00137 of the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation and
Oklahoma State University, administered through the Oklahoma Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma
Department of Wildlife Conservation, U.S. Geological Survey, Wildlife
Management Institute, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service cooperating).
Funding for this project was provided by the Missouri Department of
Conservation, Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, Federal Aid in Wildlife
Restoration program, and Safari Club International Foundation. EEP was
supported by a University of Missouri Life Sciences Fellowship. Any use
of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 72
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 8
U2 72
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
EI 1365-294X
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 10
BP 2414
EP 2427
DI 10.1111/mec.12748
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA AH0KN
UT WOS:000335808900004
PM 24712442
ER
PT J
AU Komatsu, G
Goto, K
Tanaka, KL
AF Komatsu, Goro
Goto, Kazuhisa
Tanaka, Kenneth L.
TI Planetary Geology Field Symposium, Kitakyushu, Japan, 2011: Planetary
geology and terrestrial analogs Preface
SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID BASALT; CRATER; MARS
C1 [Komatsu, Goro] Univ G DAnnunzio, Int Res Sch Planetary Sci, I-65127 Pescara, Italy.
[Goto, Kazuhisa] Tohoku Univ, Int Res Inst Disaster Sci, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
[Goto, Kazuhisa] Chiba Inst Technol, Planetary Explorat Res Ctr, Narashino, Chiba 2750016, Japan.
[Tanaka, Kenneth L.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Komatsu, G (reprint author), Univ G DAnnunzio, Int Res Sch Planetary Sci, Viale Pindaro 42, I-65127 Pescara, Italy.
EM goro@irsps.unich.it
RI Komatsu, Goro/I-7822-2012
OI Komatsu, Goro/0000-0003-4155-108X
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0032-0633
J9 PLANET SPACE SCI
JI Planet Space Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 95
SI SI
BP 1
EP 4
DI 10.1016/j.pss.2014.04.002
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AH7VZ
UT WOS:000336344800001
ER
PT J
AU Tanaka, KL
Robbins, SJ
Fortezzo, CM
Skinner, JA
Hare, TM
AF Tanaka, K. L.
Robbins, S. J.
Fortezzo, C. M.
Skinner, J. A., Jr.
Hare, T. M.
TI The digital global geologic map of Mars: Chronostratigraphic ages,
topographic and crater morphologic characteristics, and updated
resurfacing history
SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2011 Planetary Exploration Research Center PERC Planetary Geology Field
Symposium
CY NOV 05-06, 2011
CL Planetary Explorat Res Ctr, Kitakyushu, JAPAN
SP Chiba Inst Technol, SSJ, SPSS, W Japan Ind and Trade Convent Assoc
HO Planetary Explorat Res Ctr
DE Mars; Geologic mapping; Photogeology; Resurfacing; Chronology
ID ORBITER LASER ALTIMETER; EJECTA MORPHOLOGIES; CHRONOLOGY; SYSTEM
AB A new global geologic map of Mars has been completed in a digital, geographic information system (GIS) format using geospatially controlled altimetry and image data sets. The map reconstructs the geologic history of Mars, which includes many new findings collated in the quarter century since the previous, Viking-based global maps were published, as well as other discoveries that were made during the course of the mapping using new data sets. The technical approach enabled consistent and regulated mapping that is appropriate not only for the map's 1:20,000,000 scale but also for its widespread use by diverse audiences. Each geologic unit outcrop includes basic attributes regarding identity, location, area, crater densities, and chronostratigraphic age. In turn, units are grouped by geographic and lithologic types, which provide synoptic global views of material ages and resurfacing character for the Noachian, Hesperian, and Amazonian periods. As a consequence of more precise and better quality topographic and morphologic data and more complete crater-density dating, our statistical comparisons identify significant refinements for how Martian geologic terrains are characterized. Unit groups show trends in mean elevation and slope that relate to geographic occurrence and geologic origin. In comparison with the previous global geologic map series based on Viking data, the new mapping consists of half the number of units due to simpler, more conservative and globally based approaches to discriminating units. In particular, Noachian highland surfaces overall have high percentages of their areas now dated as an epoch older than in the Viking mapping. Minimally eroded (i.e., pristine) impact craters >= 3 km in diameter occur in greater proportion on Hesperian surfaces. This observation contrasts with a deficit of similarly sized craters on heavily cratered and otherwise degraded Noachian terrain as well as on young Amazonian surfaces. We interpret these as reflecting the relatively stronger, lava-rich, yet less-impacted materials making up much of the younger units. Reconstructions of resurfacing of Mars by its eight geologic epochs using the Hartmann and Neukum chronology models indicate high rates of highland resurfacing during the Noachian (peaking at 0.3 km(2)/yr during the Middle Noachian), modest rates of volcanism and transition zone and lowland resurfacing during the Hesperian (similar to 0.1 km(2)/yr), and low rates of mainly volcanic and polar resurfacing (similar to 0.01 km(2)/yr) for most of the Amazonian. Apparent resurfacing increased in the Late Amazonian (similar to 0.03 km(2)/yr), perhaps due to better preservation of this latest record. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Tanaka, K. L.; Fortezzo, C. M.; Skinner, J. A., Jr.; Hare, T. M.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Robbins, S. J.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM kgoto@perc.it-chiba.ac.jp; Stuart.Robbins@colorado.edu;
cfortezzo@usgs.gov; jskinner@usgs.gov; thare@usgs.gov
RI Skinner, James/M-7966-2014;
OI Hare, Trent/0000-0001-8842-389X
FU NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program
FX Constructive comments by Monica Pondrelli and Larry Crumpler improved
the manuscript. Ross Irwin, James Dohm, Eric Kolb, Thomas Platz, and
Greg Michael contributed to the geologic mapping and associated crater
dating upon which this analysis is based. A grant from the NASA
Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program funded this research.
NR 27
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 17
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0032-0633
J9 PLANET SPACE SCI
JI Planet Space Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 95
SI SI
BP 11
EP 24
DI 10.1016/j.pss.2013.03.006
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AH7VZ
UT WOS:000336344800003
ER
PT J
AU Jankowski, MD
Russell, RE
Franson, JC
Dusek, RJ
Hines, MK
Gregg, M
Hofmeister, EK
AF Jankowski, M. D.
Russell, R. E.
Franson, J. C.
Dusek, R. J.
Hines, M. K.
Gregg, M.
Hofmeister, E. K.
TI Corticosterone Metabolite Concentrations in Greater Sage-Grouse Are
Positively Associated With the Presence of Cattle Grazing
SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE bird; conservation physiology; corticosterone; endangered species;
spatial statistics; stress
ID TOTAL PLASMA-PROTEIN; CENTROCERCUS-UROPHASIANUS; ADRENOCORTICAL
FUNCTION; NORTH-AMERICA; STRESS; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; PREDATION;
CONSERVATION; DROPPINGS; SAGEBRUSH
AB The sagebrush biome in the western United States is home to the imperiled greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and encompasses rangelands used for cattle production. Cattle grazing activities have been implicated in the range-wide decline of the sage-grouse, but no studies have investigated the relationship between the physiological condition of sage-grouse and the presence of grazing cattle. We sampled 329 sage-grouse across four sites (two grazed and two ungrazed) encompassing 13 600 km(2) during the spring and late summer early autumn of 2005 to evaluate whether demographic factors, breeding status, plasma protein levels, and residence in a cattle-grazed habitat were associated with the stress hormone corticosterone. Corticosterone was measured in feces as immunoreactive corticosterone metabolites (ICM). Males captured during the lekking season exhibited higher ICM levels than all others. Prenesting female sage-grouse captured in a grazed site had higher ICM levels than those in ungrazed sites and prenesting female plasma protein levels were negatively correlated with ICM concentrations. With the use of a small-scale spatial model, we identified a positive correlation between cattle pat count and sage-grouse ICM levels. Our model indicated that ICM levels increased by 2.60 ng g(-1) dry feces for every increase in the number of cow pats found in the vicinity. Management practices will benefit from future research regarding the consistency and mechanism(s) responsible for this association and, importantly, how ICM levels and demographic rates are related in this species of conservation concern.
C1 [Jankowski, M. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Hines, M. K.] Univ Wisconsin, Wildlife Data Integrat Network, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Jankowski, M. D.; Russell, R. E.; Franson, J. C.; Dusek, R. J.; Hofmeister, E. K.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Gregg, M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Land Management Res Demonstrat Program, Burbank, WA 99323 USA.
RP Jankowski, MD (reprint author), Minnesota Pollut Control Agcy, 520 Lafayette Rd North, St Paul, MN 55155 USA.
EM Mark.Jankowski@state.mn.us
OI Russell, Robin/0000-0001-8726-7303; Franson, J/0000-0002-0251-4238;
Dusek, Robert/0000-0001-6177-7479
FU US Geological Survey (USGS) Biological Resources Discipline through the
Great Lakes-Northern Forest Cooperative Ecosystems Study Unit,
University of Wisconsin-Madison [02HQAG0112]; Wisconsin National Primate
Research Center [RR000167]; National Research Service Award; National
Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences Training Grant, Molecular
and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison
[T32 ES07015]
FX Financial support for this work was provided by the US Geological Survey
(USGS) Biological Resources Discipline through the Great Lakes-Northern
Forest Cooperative Ecosystems Study Unit, University of
Wisconsin-Madison award 02HQAG0112, and the Wisconsin National Primate
Research Center grant RR000167. We also acknowledge the National
Research Service Award Predoctoral Traineeship awarded to M.D.J.,
National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences Training Grant T32
ES07015, Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of
Wisconsin-Madison.
NR 80
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 46
PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT
PI LAKEWOOD
PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA
SN 1550-7424
EI 1551-5028
J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG
JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 67
IS 3
BP 237
EP 246
DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00137.1
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7XI
UT WOS:000336348300002
ER
PT J
AU Viana, M
Mancy, R
Biek, R
Cleaveland, S
Cross, PC
Lloyd-Smith, JO
Haydon, DT
AF Viana, Mafalda
Mancy, Rebecca
Biek, Roman
Cleaveland, Sarah
Cross, Paul C.
Lloyd-Smith, James O.
Haydon, Daniel T.
TI Assembling evidence for identifying reservoirs of infection
SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Review
ID CANINE-DISTEMPER VIRUS; APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN COMPUTATION; CRITICAL
COMMUNITY SIZE; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; DOMESTIC DOGS; VISCERAL
LEISHMANIASIS; TRANSMISSION RATES; RABIES ELIMINATION; POPULATION SIZES;
UNITED-STATES
AB Many pathogens persist in multihost systems, making the identification of infection reservoirs crucial for devising effective interventions. Here, we present a conceptual framework for classifying patterns of incidence and prevalence, and review recent scientific advances that allow us to study and manage reservoirs simultaneously. We argue that interventions can have a crucial role in enriching our mechanistic understanding of how reservoirs function and should be embedded as quasi-experimental studies in adaptive management frameworks. Single approaches to the study of reservoirs are unlikely to generate conclusive insights whereas the formal integration of data and methodologies, involving interventions, pathogen genetics, and contemporary surveillance techniques, promises to open up new opportunities to advance understanding of complex multihost systems.
C1 [Viana, Mafalda; Mancy, Rebecca; Biek, Roman; Cleaveland, Sarah; Haydon, Daniel T.] Univ Glasgow, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Boyd Orr Ctr Populat & Ecosyst Hlth, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Mancy, Rebecca] Univ Glasgow, Sch Comp Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Biek, Roman; Lloyd-Smith, James O.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Cross, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Lloyd-Smith, James O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Viana, M (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Boyd Orr Ctr Populat & Ecosyst Hlth, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
EM mafalda.viana@glasgow.ac.uk
RI Lloyd-Smith, James/K-4080-2012; Cross, Paul/K-6987-2012;
OI Lloyd-Smith, James/0000-0001-7941-502X; Cross, Paul/0000-0001-8045-5213;
Haydon, Daniel/0000-0002-1240-1886; Biek, Roman/0000-0003-3471-5357
FU RAPIDD programme of the Science and Technology Directorate of the US
Department of Homeland Security; National Institutes of Health Fogarty
International Center; Newton International Fellowship from The Royal
Society; EPSRC [EP/P505534/1]; NIH [RO1 AI047498]; National Science
Foundation [OCE-1335657]; De Logi Chair in Biological Sciences; UK
Medical Research Council [G0901135]; BBSRC [BB/H009302/1, BB/J010367/1]
FX This paper has roots in discussions at a 2010 workshop sponsored by the
RAPIDD programme of the Science and Technology Directorate of the US
Department of Homeland Security and National Institutes of Health
Fogarty International Center. We are grateful for comments contributed
by Seth Blumberg and Juliet Pulliam at that workshop. We also thank
Daniel Streicker and Andy Fenton for comments on this manuscript. M.V.
is funded by a Newton International Fellowship from The Royal Society,
R.M. is funded by EPSRC grant EP/P505534/1, R.B. is supported by NIH
grant RO1 AI047498, J.L-S. is funded by National Science Foundation
grant OCE-1335657 and the De Logi Chair in Biological Sciences, D.T.H.
is funded by the UK Medical Research Council (grant G0901135), and S.C.
is supported by the BBSRC (grant BB/H009302/1 and BB/J010367/1). Any
mention of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 98
TC 42
Z9 43
U1 4
U2 54
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0169-5347
J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL
JI Trends Ecol. Evol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 5
BP 270
EP 279
DI 10.1016/j.tree.2014.03.002
PG 10
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA AH4QR
UT WOS:000336113600006
PM 24726345
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, KF
Diefenbach, DR
Fuller, AK
Hurst, JE
Rosenberry, CS
AF Robinson, Kelly F.
Diefenbach, Duane R.
Fuller, Angela K.
Hurst, Jeremy E.
Rosenberry, Christopher S.
TI Can Managers Compensate for Coyote Predation of White-Tailed Deer?
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Canis latrans; coyotes; fawn; mortality; Odocoileus virginianus;
predation; survival; white-tailed deer
ID CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY; INTENSIVELY FARMED REGION;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; LARGE HERBIVORES;
NORTH-AMERICA; NEW-BRUNSWICK; SURVIVAL; FAWNS; PENINSULA
AB Many studies have documented that coyotes (Canis latrans) are the greatest source of natural mortality for white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) neonates (<3 months old). With the range expansion of coyotes eastward in North America, many stakeholders are concerned that coyote predation may be affecting deer populations adversely. We hypothesized that declines in neonate survival, perhaps caused by increasing coyote predation, could be offset by adjusting or eliminating antlerless harvest allocations. We used a stochastic, age-based population simulation model to evaluate combinations of low neonate survival rates, severe winters, and low adult deer survival rates to determine the effectiveness of reduced antlerless harvest at stabilizing deer populations. We found that even in regions with high winter mortality, reduced antlerless harvest rates could stabilize deer populations with recruitment and survival rates reported in the literature. When neonate survival rates were low (25%) and yearling and adult female survival rates were reduced by 10%, elimination of antlerless harvests failed to stabilize populations. Our results suggest increased deer mortality from coyotes can be addressed through reduced hunting harvest of adult female deer in most circumstances throughout eastern North America. However, specific knowledge of adult female survival rates is important for making management decisions in areas where both neonate and adult survival may be affected by predation and other mortality factors. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Robinson, Kelly F.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Diefenbach, Duane R.] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Fuller, Angela K.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Hurst, Jeremy E.] New York Dept Environm Conservat, Div Fish Wildlife & Marine Resources, Albany, NY 12233 USA.
[Rosenberry, Christopher S.] Bur Wildlife Management, Penn Game Commiss, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA.
RP Robinson, KF (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, B02 Bruckner Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM kelly.f.robinson@gmail.com
NR 56
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 56
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 4
BP 571
EP 579
DI 10.1002/jwmg.693
PG 9
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MO
UT WOS:000336028100002
ER
PT J
AU Augustine, DJ
Skagen, SK
AF Augustine, David J.
Skagen, Susan K.
TI Mountain Plover Nest Survival in Relation to Prairie Dog and Fire
Dynamics in Shortgrass Steppe
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE black-tailed prairie dogs; Cynomys ludovicianus; disturbance regimes;
grassland birds; prescribed fire; rangeland management; spatial
heterogeneity; vegetation structure
ID GREAT-PLAINS; CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; CHARADRIUS-MONTANUS;
ATHENE-CUNICULARIA; GRASSLAND BIRDS; NORTH-AMERICA; PLAGUE;
CONSERVATION; RESPONSES; HABITAT
AB Disturbed xeric grasslands with short, sparse vegetation provide breeding habitat for mountain plovers (Charadrius montanus) across the western Great Plains. Maintaining local disturbance regimes through prairie dog conservation and prescribed fire may contribute to the sustainability of recently declining mountain plover populations, but these management approaches can be controversial. We estimated habitat-specific mountain plover densities and nest survival rates on black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies and burns in the shortgrass steppe of northeastern Colorado. Mountain plover densities were similar on prairie dog colonies (5.9 birds/km(2); 95% CI = 4.7-7.4) and sites burned during the preceding dormant season (6.7 birds/km(2); 95% CI = 4.6-9.6), whereas the 29-day nest survival rate was greater on prairie dog colonies (0.81 in 2011 and 0.39 in 2012) compared to the burned sites (0.64 in 2011 and 0.17 in 2012). Reduced nest survival in 2012 compared to 2011 was associated with higher maximum daily temperatures in 2012, consistent with a previous weather-based model of mountain plover nest survival in the southern Great Plains. Measurements of mountain plover density relative to time since disturbance showed that removal of prairie dog disturbance by sylvatic plague reduced mountain plover density by 70% relative to active prairie dog colonies after 1 year. Plover densities declined at a similar rate (by 78%) at burned sites between the first and second post-burn growing season. Results indicate that black-tailed prairie dog colonies are a particularly important nesting habitat for mountain plovers in the southern Great Plains. In addition, findings suggest that prescribed burning can be a valuable means to create nesting habitat in landscapes where other types of disturbances (such as prairie dog colonies) are limited in distribution and size. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Augustine, David J.] ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Skagen, Susan K.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Augustine, DJ (reprint author), ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, USDA, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM david.augustine@ars.usda.gov
FU United States Department of Agriculture's-Agricultural Research Service
FX Funding for this study was provided by the United States Department of
Agriculture's-Agricultural Research Service. We thank P. McCusker, E.
Klarquist, J. Baker, C. Kennedy, and K. Earixon for their assistance
finding and monitoring nests, and P. McCusker for conducting point count
surveys. We thank R. Reichert, E. Humphrey, K. Philbrook, and L. Bell
for facilitating our work on the Pawnee National Grassland, and F. Knopf
for advice and insight while initiating the study. We thank 2 anonymous
reviewers, W. Block, and E. Merrill for many helpful comments and
suggestions. The USDA-ARS is an equal opportunity/affirmative action
employer, and all agency services are available without discrimination.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 51
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 8
U2 49
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 4
BP 595
EP 602
DI 10.1002/jwmg.700
PG 8
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MO
UT WOS:000336028100004
ER
PT J
AU Beston, JA
Nichols, TC
Castelli, PM
Williams, CK
AF Beston, Julie A.
Nichols, Theodore C.
Castelli, Paul M.
Williams, Christopher K.
TI Survival of Atlantic Flyway Resident Population Canada Geese in New
Jersey
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic flyway; Branta canadensis; Canada geese; density; harvest; land
cover; New Jersey; survival
ID BRANTA-CANADENSIS; BREEDING SUCCESS; MOLT MIGRATION; NECK BANDS; RATES;
AGE; TEMPERATURES; MANAGEMENT; DISPERSAL; STATES
AB Atlantic Flyway Resident Population Canada geese (Branta canadensis) are long-lived birds that were established during the mid-1900s. At high densities, resident Canada geese reduce water quality, impair landscape aesthetic, damage crops, and cause safety concerns. Managers need information about survival to more effectively manage these populations via implementation of harvest and cull regulations. We analyzed records for 39,711 Canada geese captured 54,309 times during 1994-2011, of which 5,883 were recovered by the summer of 2012. We used the Burnham model to estimate survival, recapture rate, recovery, and fidelity and identify factors that affect them. Candidate models included combinations of sex, age class, year, hunting season length, bag limit, total harvest, number culled, the North Atlantic Oscillation Index, density, an indicator for urban banded birds, and percent agriculture, natural, rural, and urban land cover at the last known capture location. The best-supported model included effects of age class, year, and whether the individual was banded in an urban or rural locale on survival and effects of year and locale on Seber recovery rate. We used it to construct a hierarchical model to estimate mean survival and Seber recovery rates for urban and rural birds and their variances. Mean survival of after-hatch-year urban Canada geese was 0.724 (95% CI: 0.675-0.772) and that of after-hatch-year rural geese was 0.718 (0.665-0.770). Based on estimates of survival and recovery, mean harvest rate was 3.8% (3.4-4.2%) for after-hatch-year urban geese and 7.8% (6.7-9.0%) for after-hatch-year rural geese. Hatch-year geese in rural areas had lower survival and higher harvest rates than after-hatch-year geese, but the opposite was true in urban areas. Survival generally decreased over the course of the study and harvest increased. Hatch-year males had the lowest fidelity of any group, and after-hatch-year geese of both sexes had fidelity greater than 85%. Knowledge of survival and its relationship with management and environmental factors will allow managers to better predict population responses to harvest and cull and to achieve population goals. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Beston, Julie A.; Williams, Christopher K.] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Nichols, Theodore C.] New Jersey Div Fish & Wildlife, Woodbine, NJ 08270 USA.
[Castelli, Paul M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Edwin B Forsythe NWR, Oceanville, NJ 08231 USA.
RP Beston, JA (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, 250 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM ckwillia@udel.edu
FU New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife-Federal Aid in Wildlife
Restoration P-R Grant [W-68-R]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Northeast
Region; Atlantic Flyway Council; U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Wildlife Services
FX Funding for this research was provided by the New Jersey Division of
Fish and Wildlife-Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration P-R Grant W-68-R,
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Northeast Region, Atlantic Flyway
Council, and U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services. We thank
M. Rogosky at the Bird Banding Lab for providing detailed banding
records. W. Anderson and N. Rein at the U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Wildlife Services and S. Slonka at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
provided cull data. We thank the members of the Atlantic Flyway Council
Technical Section who made valuable suggestions about possible
covariates. Thanks also to the many Canada goose banders and hunters
that have contributed to the immense banding dataset and to 2 anonymous
reviewers for helpful comments on the analysis and manuscript.
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 4
BP 612
EP 619
DI 10.1002/jwmg.707
PG 8
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MO
UT WOS:000336028100006
ER
PT J
AU Cattau, CE
Darby, PC
Fletcher, RJ
Kitchens, WM
AF Cattau, Christopher E.
Darby, Philip C.
Fletcher, Robert J., Jr.
Kitchens, Wiley M.
TI Reproductive Responses of the Endangered Snail Kite to Variations in
Prey Density
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE apple snail; Everglades; Florida; numerical response; Pomacea paludosa;
prey density; Rostrhamus sociabilis; snail kite; specialist predator
ID SPECIES RECOVERY PLANS; POPULATION-GROWTH RATE; APPLE SNAILS; WATER
LEVELS; FORAGING SUCCESS; EXTINCTION RISK; FLORIDA; HABITAT; PREDATION;
EVERGLADES
AB Understanding how predators respond to fluctuations in prey density has important conservation and management implications, particularly for threatened and endangered specialists. However, directly linking prey densities to predator behavior and demography over broad spatial and temporal scales is rare, in part, because it can be prohibitively expensive and time-consuming to quantify prey density over large areas. We link nesting data collected by a long-term monitoring program for the endangered snail kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus) with 44 density estimates of its primary prey, the Florida apple snail (Pomacea paludosa), collected by multiple, smaller-scale studies from 2002 to 2010. We found evidence that key components of kite breeding biology-nest density and the number of young fledged per successful nest-were positively related to snail density. Although previous studies have shown that densities greater than approximately 0.1-0.2 snails/m(2) may be necessary to sustain profitable foraging and that capture times for individual foraging kites begin to level off as snail densities exceed approximately 0.4 snails/m(2), we found continued numerical responses in snail kite reproductive parameters at greater snail densities. At occupied sites (i.e., snail-sampling sites in which >= 1 snail kite nest was present within a 2-km radius during the primary sampling period: Mar-May), the average snail density was 0.45 snails/m(2) (SE = 0.12, n = 17), whereas that of unoccupied sites was 0.12 snails/m(2) (SE = 0.02, n = 27). Along the snail density gradient from 0.2 to 0.4 to 1.2 snails/m(2), model predictions indicated that 1) the probability of site occupancy (by nesting kites) increased from 0.48 to 0.69 to 0.90, 2) local nest abundance of occupied sites increased from 4 to 7 to 16 nests, and 3) the probability of a successful nesting attempt fledging more than 1 young increased from 0.02 to 0.07 to 0.43. We found no evidence of a snail density effect on nest survival. Understanding the differential effects of snail density on various components of snail kite breeding biology is essential to the development and implementation of management tools used for snail kite conservation and Everglades restoration. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Cattau, Christopher E.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Darby, Philip C.] Univ W Florida, Dept Biol, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.
[Fletcher, Robert J., Jr.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Kitchens, Wiley M.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Cattau, CE (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM cattau@ufl.edu
OI Fletcher, Robert/0000-0003-1717-5707
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S.
Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey's Greater Everglades Priority
Ecosystems Science (GEPES) program
FX We greatly appreciate everyone involved with collecting and managing
data used in this collaboration, especially D. Mellow, L. Karunartne, M.
Watford, and a few others at the University of West Florida, as well as
B. Reichert, K. Pias, and J. Olbert at the University of Florida,
Gainesville. We also thank Z. Welch for reviewing a prior version of
this manuscript and R. Best for insightful discussions regarding this
project. This study utilized data initially collected for projects
funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, and U.S. Geological Survey. The financial support to link these
datasets was provided in large part by the U.S. Geological Survey's
Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science (GEPES) program. Any use
of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 72
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 37
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 4
BP 620
EP 631
DI 10.1002/jwmg.706
PG 12
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MO
UT WOS:000336028100007
ER
PT J
AU Esslinger, GG
Bodkin, JL
Breton, AR
Burns, JM
Monson, DH
AF Esslinger, George G.
Bodkin, James L.
Breton, Andre R.
Burns, Jennifer M.
Monson, Daniel H.
TI Temporal Patterns in the Foraging Behavior of Sea Otters in Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE activity budget; Alaska; diving; Enhydra lutris; foraging behavior;
multilevel model; population status; predator; sea otter; time-depth
recorder
ID VALDEZ OIL-SPILL; TIME BUDGETS; POPULATION STATUS; MARINE PREDATOR;
AMCHITKA ISLAND; ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; BALD EAGLES; PREY; FLEXIBILITY;
CALIFORNIA
AB Activity time budgets in apex predators have been proposed as indicators of population status relative to resource limitation or carrying capacity. We used archival time-depth recorders implanted in 15 adult female and 4 male sea otters (Enhydra lutris) from the northernmost population of the species, Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA, to examine temporal patterns in their foraging behavior. Sea otters that we sampled spent less time foraging during summer (females 8.8 hr/day, males 7.9 hr/day) than other seasons (females 10.1-10.5 hr/day, males 9.2-9.5 hr/day). Both sexes showed strong preferences for diurnal foraging and adjusted their foraging effort in response to the amount of available daylight. One exception to this diurnal foraging mode occurred after females gave birth. For approximately 3 weeks post-partum, females switched to nocturnal foraging, possibly in an effort to reduce the risk of predation by eagles on newborn pups. We used multilevel mixed regression models to assess the contribution of several biological and environmental covariates to variation in the daily foraging effort of parous females. In the random effects only model, 87% of the total variation in foraging effort was within-otter variation. The relatively small among-otter variance component (13%) indicates substantial consistency in the foraging effort of sea otters in this northern population. In the top 3 models, 17% of the within-otter variation was explained by reproductive stage, day length, wind speed, air temperature and a wind speed x air temperature interaction. This study demonstrates the potential importance of environmental and reproductive effects when using activity budgets to assess population status relative to carrying capacity. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Esslinger, George G.; Bodkin, James L.; Monson, Daniel H.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Breton, Andre R.] Colorado State Univ, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Burns, Jennifer M.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Esslinger, GG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM george_esslinger@usgs.gov
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council; United States Geological Survey;
University of Alaska, Anchorage; Monterey Bay Aquarium
FX We are grateful to B. Ballachey, H. Coletti, J. deLaBruere, B. Hatfield,
P. Kearney, M. Kenner, and K. Kloecker for their significant
contributions to sea otter captures and field data collection, M. Murray
and P. Snyder for surgical procedures, and J. Coffey for TDR data
calibration. We thank B. Ballachey, L. Buck, J. Estes, J. Kudenov, K.
Oakley, R. Taylor, W. Testa, and 1 anonymous reviewer for constructive
comments on this manuscript. This work was supported by the Exxon Valdez
Oil Spill Trustee Council, United States Geological Survey, University
of Alaska, Anchorage, and Monterey Bay Aquarium. Any use of trade names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not represent endorsement by
the federal government.
NR 41
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 61
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 4
BP 689
EP 700
DI 10.1002/jwmg.701
PG 12
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MO
UT WOS:000336028100013
ER
PT J
AU Roche, EA
Shaffer, TL
Anteau, MJ
Sherfy, MH
Stucker, JH
Wiltermuth, MT
Dovichin, CM
AF Roche, Erin A.
Shaffer, Terry L.
Anteau, Michael J.
Sherfy, Mark H.
Stucker, Jennifer H.
Wiltermuth, Mark T.
Dovichin, Colin M.
TI Detection Probability of Least Tern and Piping Plover Chicks in a Large
River System
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Charadrius melodus; detection probability; endangered species; interior
least tern; mark-recapture; Missouri River; piping plover; Sternula
antillarum
ID LESS-THAN ONE; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; HABITAT SELECTION; STERNA-ANTILLARUM;
OBSERVER DIFFERENCES; WESTERN SANDPIPERS; NONBREEDING SEASON;
CHARADRIUS-MELODUS; MARKED ANIMALS; MISSOURI RIVER
AB Monitoring the abundance and stability of populations of conservation concern is often complicated by an inability to perfectly detect all members of the population. Mark-recapture offers a flexible framework in which one may identify factors contributing to imperfect detection, while at the same time estimating demographic parameters such as abundance or survival. We individually color-marked, recaptured, and re-sighted 1,635 federally listed interior least tern (Sternula antillarum; endangered) chicks and 1,318 piping plover (Charadrius melodus; threatened) chicks from 2006 to 2009 at 4 study areas along the Missouri River and investigated effects of observer-, subject-, and site-level covariates suspected of influencing detection. Increasing the time spent searching and crew size increased the probability of detecting both species regardless of study area and detection methods were not associated with decreased survival. However, associations between detection probability and the investigated covariates were highly variable by study area and species combinations, indicating that a universal mark-recapture design may not be appropriate. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Roche, Erin A.; Shaffer, Terry L.; Anteau, Michael J.; Sherfy, Mark H.; Wiltermuth, Mark T.; Dovichin, Colin M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Stucker, Jennifer H.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Roche, EA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St Southeast, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM eroche@usgs.gov
OI Wiltermuth, Mark/0000-0002-8871-2816
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Missouri River Recovery Program
FX This study was funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Missouri
River Recovery Program through financial and logistical support from the
Corps' Omaha District Threatened and Endangered Species Section and
Garrison Project Office. We are grateful for technical support by the
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Missouri River Least Tern
and Piping Plover Research Team and Virginia Tech Great Plains Piping
Plover Project. We thank M. Bernard, R. Buchheit, D. Buhl, T. Buhl, D.
Catlin, J. Felio, J. Fraser, C. Huber, C. Kruse, B. Skone, N. Smith, and
L. Strong for help with project planning, logistics, or data collection
and analysis. We also thank many field technicians and crew leaders for
their assistance with data collection. Lastly, we are indebted to T.
Arnold, C. Brown, D. Catlin, C. Gratto-Trevor, D. Johnson, P. Roche, and
an anonymous reviewer for comments that improved the manuscript. Any use
of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 76
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 4
BP 709
EP 720
DI 10.1002/jwmg.697
PG 12
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MO
UT WOS:000336028100015
ER
PT J
AU Nielson, RM
Mcmanus, L
Rintz, T
Mcdonald, LL
Murphy, RK
Howe, WH
Good, RE
AF Nielson, Ryan M.
Mcmanus, Lindsay
Rintz, Troy
Mcdonald, Lyman L.
Murphy, Robert K.
Howe, William H.
Good, Rhett E.
TI Monitoring Abundance of Golden Eagles in the Western United States
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE aerial surveys; Aquila chrysaetos; Bayesian hierarchical model; density;
distance sampling; golden eagle; mark-recapture; population trend;
western United States
ID LINE-TRANSECT SURVEYS; MODELS; BIRDS; BIAS
AB Under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) can authorize take of golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), such as nest removal, disturbance, and lethal take, if the take is compatible with the preservation of the golden eagle. The Service needs baseline information on the current abundance and trend of subpopulations of the golden eagle to properly manage take of the species. Annually during late summer of 2006-2012, we used distance sampling on approximately 17,500 km of aerial line transects to estimate golden eagle abundance in 4 Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs; North American Bird Conservation Initiative Monitoring Subcommitte 2007) that collectively cover about 80% of the species' range in the coterminous western United States. We estimated study area abundances of 24,509 (90% CI: 19,406-31,947) in 2006 and 21,715 (90% CI: 18,165-27,624) in 2012, including all breeding and non-breeding individuals. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in individual BCRs and the entire study area based on numbers of golden eagles counted along surveyed transects. We detected declines (90% credible intervals [CRIs] for trend coefficients <0.0) in numbers of golden eagles classified as juveniles in BCR 10 (Northern Rockies) and BCR 16 (Southern Rockies and Colorado Plateau) during 2006-2012. However, our results indicate the total abundance of golden eagles has not declined 2006-2012 in much of the western United States. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Nielson, Ryan M.; Mcmanus, Lindsay] Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA.
[Rintz, Troy] Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Mcdonald, Lyman L.] Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
[Murphy, Robert K.; Howe, William H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Birds, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA.
[Good, Rhett E.] Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Bloomington, IN 47404 USA.
RP Nielson, RM (reprint author), Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, 415 W 17th St,Suite 200, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA.
EM rnielson@west-inc.com
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX We thank our pilots R. Laird (Laird Flying Service), D. Savage (Savage
Air), and J. Romero (Owyhee Air), along with our crew of observers and
field support: A. Malone, A. Willems, D. Stahlecker, F. Hornsby, J.
Thompson, K. Lawrence, L. Martinson, M. B. Stahl, M. McDonald, N.
Savage, T. Farmer, V. Poulton, J. Vogl, J. Walker, and W. Willems. The
National Park Service allowed surveys to be conducted over many areas.
B. Millsap and T. McDonald provided technical reviews of the project. We
would also like to thank B. Steidl and 1 anonymous reviewer for helpful
comments that greatly improved the manuscript. This project was funded
by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 43
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 37
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 4
BP 721
EP 730
DI 10.1002/jwmg.704
PG 10
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MO
UT WOS:000336028100016
ER
PT J
AU Ryan, ME
Palen, WJ
Adams, MJ
Rochefort, RM
AF Ryan, Maureen E.
Palen, Wendy J.
Adams, Michael J.
Rochefort, Regina M.
TI Amphibians in the climate vice: loss and restoration of resilience of
montane wetland ecosystems in the western US
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; AMBYSTOMA-MACRODACTYLUM; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; FISH
INTRODUCTIONS; SPECIES RICHNESS; MOUNTAIN LAKES; NONNATIVE FISH; GLOBAL
CLIMATE; NATIONAL-PARK; DECLINES
AB Wetlands in the remote mountains of the western US have undergone two massive ecological experiments spanning the 20th century. Beginning in the late 1800s and expanding after World War II, fish and wildlife managers intentionally introduced millions of predatory trout (primarily Oncorhynchus spp) into fishless mountain ponds and lakes across the western states. These new top predators, which now occupy 95% of large mountain lakes, have limited the habitat distributions of native frogs, salamanders, and wetland invertebrates to smaller, more ephemeral ponds where trout do not survive. Now a second experiment - anthropogenic climate change - threatens to eliminate many of these ephemeral habitats and shorten wetland hydroperiods. Caught between climate-induced habitat loss and predation from introduced fish, native mountain lake fauna of the western US - especially amphibians - are at risk of extirpation. Targeted fish removals, guided by models of how wetlands will change under future climate scenarios, provide innovative strategies for restoring resilience of wetland ecosystems to climate change.
C1 [Ryan, Maureen E.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Ryan, Maureen E.; Palen, Wendy J.] Simon Fraser Univ, Earth Ocean Res Grp, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Adams, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA.
[Rochefort, Regina M.] North Cascades Natl Pk Complex, Sedro Woolley, WA USA.
RP Ryan, ME (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM moryan@u.washington.edu
FU David H Smith Postdoctoral Fellowship; Northwest Climate Science Center;
National Science and Engineering Research Council; Canada Research
Chairs Program; Pacific Northwest Landscape Conservation Cooperative
FX We thank A Hamlet, M Halabisky, S Lee, and R Munshaw for intellectual
input, assistance with graphics, and helpful comments on drafts of this
manuscript; N Steinweg, R Parks, M Healy, and R McIntyre for field
assistance and great questions; and R Knapp, L Hansen, K Pope, and J
Garwood for fruitful discussion of the topic. While writing this
manuscript, MER was supported by a David H Smith Postdoctoral Fellowship
and funding from the Northwest Climate Science Center; WJP was supported
by the National Science and Engineering Research Council and the Canada
Research Chairs Program. The Pacific Northwest Landscape Conservation
Cooperative provided funding for development of hydrologic models. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement of the US Government. This is
contribution number 460 of the Amphibian Research and Monitoring
Initiative (ARMI).
NR 59
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 10
U2 68
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 12
IS 4
BP 232
EP 240
DI 10.1890/130145
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AG0QP
UT WOS:000335120900017
ER
PT J
AU Cohen, EB
Hostetler, JA
Royle, JA
Marra, PP
AF Cohen, Emily B.
Hostetler, Jeffrey A.
Royle, J. Andrew
Marra, Peter P.
TI Estimating migratory connectivity of birds when re- encounter
probabilities are heterogeneous
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bird Banding Laboratory; migratory connectivity; multistate model;
Nearctic-Neotropical Migrant; re-encounter probability
ID BAND-RECOVERY DATA; COMMON TERNS; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; MARKED INDIVIDUALS;
MIGRANT SONGBIRD; WINTER QUARTERS; ROSEATE TERNS; PROGRAM MARK;
ABUNDANCE; MOVEMENT
AB Understanding the biology and conducting effective conservation of migratory species requires an understanding of migratory connectivity - the geographic linkages of populations between stages of the annual cycle. Unfortunately, for most species, we are lacking such information. The North American Bird Banding Laboratory (BBL) houses an extensive database of marking, recaptures and recoveries, and such data could provide migratory connectivity information for many species. To date, however, few species have been analyzed for migratory connectivity largely because heterogeneous re-encounter probabilities make interpretation problematic. We accounted for regional variation in re-encounter probabilities by borrowing information across species and by using effort covariates on recapture and recovery probabilities in a multistate capture-recapture and recovery model. The effort covariates were derived from recaptures and recoveries of species within the same regions. We estimated the migratory connectivity for three tern species breeding in North America and over-wintering in the tropics, common (Sterna hirundo), roseate (Sterna dougallii), and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia). For western breeding terns, model-derived estimates of migratory connectivity differed considerably from those derived directly from the proportions of re-encounters. Conversely, for eastern breeding terns, estimates were merely refined by the inclusion of re-encounter probabilities. In general, eastern breeding terns were strongly connected to eastern South America, and western breeding terns were strongly linked to the more western parts of the nonbreeding range under both models. Through simulation, we found this approach is likely useful for many species in the BBL database, although precision improved with higher re-encounter probabilities and stronger migratory connectivity. We describe an approach to deal with the inherent biases in BBL banding and re-encounter data to demonstrate that this large dataset is a valuable source of information about the migratory connectivity of the birds of North America.
C1 [Cohen, Emily B.; Hostetler, Jeffrey A.; Marra, Peter P.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Royle, J. Andrew] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
RP Cohen, EB (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, POB 37012 MRC 5503, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM cohenE@si.edu
RI Hostetler, Jeffrey/A-3345-2011;
OI Hostetler, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3669-1758; Royle,
Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
FU US Geological Survey; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Upper Midwest and
Great Lakes Landscape Conservation Cooperative
FX Funding was provided from US Geological Survey, US Fish and Wildlife
Service, and the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes Landscape Conservation
Cooperative.
NR 63
TC 8
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 9
BP 1659
EP 1670
DI 10.1002/ece3.1059
PG 12
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AG2SQ
UT WOS:000335267000013
PM 24967083
ER
PT J
AU Gruner, SV
Slone, DH
AF Gruner, Susan V.
Slone, Daniel H.
TI A Fresh Liver Agar Substrate for Rearing Small Numbers of Forensically
Important Blow Flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE rearing medium; forensic entomology; Chrysomya megacephala
ID LUCILIA-SERICATA DIPTERA; TEMPERATURE; BLOWFLIES; CARRION; RATES
AB Forensically important calliphorids can be reared on a mixture of beef liver and agar. Small pieces of meat, especially fresh or frozen beef liver, will desiccate in 2-6 h, but this simple-to-make feeding substrate remains moist for at least 12 h at 25 and 30 degrees C without desiccation, even in small (5 g) amounts. We determined the survivorship of small numbers of Chrysomya megacephala (F.) (first-instar larvae to adult eclosion) raised on 5 g of liver agar and fresh beef liver. We found that all larvae raised on 5 g of liver died due to desiccation, but survivorship on 5 g of liver agar was equivalent to that on larger (50 g) pieces of either liver agar or beef liver.
C1 [Gruner, Susan V.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Slone, Daniel H.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Gruner, SV (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, POB 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM savethemaggots@cox.net
OI Slone, Daniel/0000-0002-9903-9727
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 15
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ANNAPOLIS
PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA
SN 0022-2585
EI 1938-2928
J9 J MED ENTOMOL
JI J. Med. Entomol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 3
BP 713
EP 715
DI 10.1603/ME13070
PG 3
WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
GA AG8IB
UT WOS:000335660900028
PM 24897867
ER
PT J
AU Warrick, JA
AF Warrick, Jonathan A.
TI Eel River margin source-to-sink sediment budgets: Revisited
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE source-to-sink; sediment budget; Eel River; STRATAFORM
ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA SHELF; RATING CURVES; CONTINENTAL SHELVES; COASTAL
CALIFORNIA; ACCUMULATION RATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GRAVITY FLOWS;
NEW-ZEALAND; TRANSPORT; DISCHARGE
AB The Eel River coastal margin has been used as a representative source-to-sink sediment dispersal system owing to its steep, high-sediment yield river and the formation of sedimentary strata on its continental shelf. One finding of previous studies is that the adjacent continental shelf retains only similar to 25% of the Eel River fine-grained sediment (less than 63 mu m) discharged over time scales of both individual floods and the 20th century, thus suggesting that the Eel shelf trapping-efficiency is uniquely lower than other similar systems. Here I provide data and analyses showing that sediment discharge relationships in the Eel River have varied strongly with time and include substantial decreases in suspended-sediment concentrations during the latter 20th century. Including these trends in margin-wide sediment budgets, I show that previous Eel River sediment discharge rates were overestimated by a factor of two. Thus, revised sediment budgets shown here reveal that the Eel shelf retained similar to 50% of the discharged river fine-grained suspended sediment during intensively sampled events of 1995-97 and over the 20th century. In light of this, hypotheses about high rates of sediment export away from the primary shelf depocenter should be reevaluated. Published Elsevier B.V.
C1 US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Warrick, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM jwarrick@usgs.gov
NR 74
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2014
VL 351
BP 25
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2014.03.008
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA AG7YC
UT WOS:000335633700003
ER
PT J
AU Warrick, JA
AF Warrick, Jonathan A.
TI Comment on "A technique for estimation of suspended sediment
concentration in very high turbid coastal waters: An investigation from
Gulf of Cambay, India" by D. Ramakrishnan, R. Bharti and M. Das [Marine
Geology 346 (2013) 256-261]
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Warrick, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2014
VL 351
BP 108
EP 108
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.11.015
PG 1
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA AG7YC
UT WOS:000335633700009
ER
PT J
AU Ramey, AM
Poulson, RL
Gonzalez-Reiche, AS
Perez, DR
Stallknecht, DE
Brown, JD
AF Ramey, Andrew M.
Poulson, Rebecca L.
Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana S.
Perez, Daniel R.
Stallknecht, David E.
Brown, Justin D.
TI Genomic Characterization of H14 Subtype Influenza A Viruses in New World
Waterfowl and Experimental Infectivity in Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA; HEMAGGLUTININ SUBTYPE; WILD BIRDS; RT-PCR;
DUCKS; GULLS; REPLICATION; SEQUENCES; DISEASE; ALASKA
AB Recent repeated isolation of H14 hemagglutinin subtype influenza A viruses (IAVs) in the New World waterfowl provides evidence to suggest that host and/or geographic ranges for viruses of this subtype may be expanding. In this study, we used genomic analyses to gain inference on the origin and evolution of H14 viruses in New World waterfowl and conducted an experimental challenge study in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) to evaluate pathogenicity, viral replication, and transmissibility of a representative viral strain in a natural host species. Genomic characterization of H14 subtype IAVs isolated from New World waterfowl, including three isolates sequenced specifically for this study, revealed high nucleotide identity among individual gene segments (e. g. >= 95% shared identity among H14 HA gene segments). In contrast, lower shared identity was observed among internal gene segments. Furthermore, multiple neuraminidase subtypes were observed for H14 IAVs isolated in the New World. Gene segments of H14 viruses isolated after 2010 shared ancestral genetic lineages with IAVs isolated from wild birds throughout North America. Thus, genomic characterization provided evidence for viral evolution in New World waterfowl through genetic drift and genetic shift since purported introduction from Eurasia. In the challenge study, no clinical disease or lesions were observed among mallards experimentally inoculated with A/blue-winged teal/Texas/AI13-1028/2013(H14N5) or exposed via contact with infected birds. Titers of viral shedding for mallards challenged with the H14N5 IAV were highest at two days post-inoculation (DPI); however shedding was detected up to nine DPI using cloacal swabs. The distribution of viral antigen among mallards infected with H14N5 IAV was largely restricted to enterocytes lining the villi in the lower intestinal tract and in the epithelium of the bursa of Fabricius. Characterization of the infectivity of A/blue-winged teal/Texas/AI13-1028/2013(H14N5) in mallards provides support for similarities in viral replication and shedding as compared to previously described waterfowl-adapted, low pathogenic IAV strains in ducks.
C1 [Ramey, Andrew M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99504 USA.
[Ramey, Andrew M.; Poulson, Rebecca L.; Stallknecht, David E.; Brown, Justin D.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA USA.
[Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana S.; Perez, Daniel R.] Univ Maryland, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana S.] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Estudios Salud, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
RP Ramey, AM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99504 USA.
EM aramey@usgs.gov
OI Ramey, Andrew/0000-0002-3601-8400; Perez, Daniel/0000-0002-6569-5689;
Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana/0000-0003-3583-4497
FU U.S. Geological Survey through the Wildlife Program of the Ecosystem
Mission Area; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,
National Institutes of Health (NIH); Department of Health and Human
Services [HHSN266200700007C]
FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey through
the Wildlife Program of the Ecosystem Mission Area and by the National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of
Health (NIH), and the Department of Health and Human Services under
contract HHSN266200700007C. The funders had no role in the study design,
data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of
this manuscript. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors
and do not necessarily reflect the views of any of the funding agencies.
NR 39
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 9
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 1
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 5
AR e95620
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0095620
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AG6EE
UT WOS:000335510600043
PM 24788792
ER
PT J
AU Green, HC
Haugland, RA
Varma, M
Millen, HT
Borchardt, MA
Field, KG
Walters, WA
Knight, R
Sivaganesan, M
Kelty, CA
Shanks, OC
AF Green, Hyatt C.
Haugland, Richard A.
Varma, Manju
Millen, Hana T.
Borchardt, Mark A.
Field, Katharine G.
Walters, William A.
Knight, R.
Sivaganesan, Mano
Kelty, Catherine A.
Shanks, Orin C.
TI Improved HF183 Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay for Characterization of
Human Fecal Pollution in Ambient Surface Water Samples
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING; GENETIC-MARKERS;
FRESH-WATER; BACTEROIDES MARKERS; INDICATOR BACTERIA; QPCR;
QUANTIFICATION; PERFORMANCE; AMPLIFICATION
AB Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays that target the human-associated HF183 bacterial cluster within members of the genus Bacteroides are among the most widely used methods for the characterization of human fecal pollution in ambient surface waters. In this study, we show that a current TaqMan HF183 qPCR assay (HF183/BFDrev) routinely forms nonspecific amplification products and introduce a modified TaqMan assay (HF183/BacR287) that alleviates this problem. The performance of each qPCR assay was compared in head-to-head experiments investigating limits of detection, analytical precision, predicted hybridization to 16S rRNA gene sequences from a reference database, and relative marker concentrations in fecal and sewage samples. The performance of the modified HF183/BacR287 assay is equal to or improves upon that of the original HF183/BFDrev assay. In addition, a qPCR chemistry designed to combat amplification inhibition and a multiplexed internal amplification control are included. In light of the expanding use of PCR-based methods that rely on the detection of extremely low concentrations of DNA template, such as qPCR and digital PCR, the new TaqMan HF183/BacR287 assay should provide more accurate estimations of human-derived fecal contaminants in ambient surface waters.
C1 [Green, Hyatt C.; Sivaganesan, Mano; Kelty, Catherine A.; Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management & Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Haugland, Richard A.; Varma, Manju] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Millen, Hana T.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Marshfield, WI USA.
[Borchardt, Mark A.] ARS, USDA, Marshfield, WI USA.
[Field, Katharine G.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Walters, William A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Knight, R.] Univ Colorado, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Knight, R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Shanks, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management & Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM shanks.orin@epa.gov
RI Knight, Rob/D-1299-2010
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM008759]
NR 41
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 3
U2 33
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 10
BP 3086
EP 3094
DI 10.1128/AEM.04137-13
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA AG4JQ
UT WOS:000335386200015
PM 24610857
ER
PT J
AU Witt, EC
Shi, HL
Wronkiewicz, DJ
Pavlowsky, RT
AF Witt, Emitt C., III
Shi, Honglan
Wronkiewicz, David J.
Pavlowsky, Robert T.
TI Phase partitioning and bioaccessibility of Pb in suspended dust from
unsurfaced roads in Missouri-A potential tool for determining mitigation
response
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Road dust; Unsurfaced roads; Sequential extraction; Geochemical
partitioning; Pb contamination
ID SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION PROCEDURE; LEAD BIOAVAILABILITY; GASTRIC
CONDITIONS; HEAVY-METALS; DISSOLUTION; SMELTER; SAMPLES; SOILS
AB Airborne particulate material collected from seventeen rural unsurfaced roads in Missouri's agricultural and resource mining areas were characterized using the BCR sequential extraction procedure and simulated in vitro body fluids to determine the phase partitioning and bioaccessibility of Pb associated with roadway dusts. Results show that dusts produced from driving over unsurfaced roads in the mining area has a substantial portion of the Pb concentration associated with the more mobile exchangeable-plus-carbonate and reducible geochemical phases. By comparison, unsurfaced road dusts outside the resource mining area have lower metal contents, as expected, and a larger portion of the total Pb concentration associated with the immobile oxidizable and non-silicate bound residual phases. SEM/EDS analysis suggests the minerals associated with the more mobile Pb components include cerussite, Pb oxides and sulfates. Compared with the coarser > 1 mu m size fraction of dust, the < 1 mu m fraction contains a substantially higher concentration of Pb in association with clay minerals. Extraction tests using simulated body fluids show that gastric fluid can mobilize as much as 69% of the total Pb concentration in mining area road dust samples after five hours. Simulated alveolar lung fluid also was an efficient extractor of Pb from the < 1 mu m sample dust fraction,dissolving up to 100% of the available Pb after 100 h. Regression analysis suggests that aqua regia total Pb concentration is a good predictor of mobility and bioaccessibility and can be used to minimize costs associated with monitoring suspended dust contamination. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Witt, Emitt C., III; Wronkiewicz, David J.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Geol Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Witt, Emitt C., III] US Geol Survey, Natl Geospatial Tech Operat Ctr, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Pavlowsky, Robert T.] Missouri State Univ, Ozarks Environm & Water Resources Inst, Springfield, MO 65897 USA.
[Shi, Honglan] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Shi, Honglan; Wronkiewicz, David J.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Environm Res Ctr Emerging Contaminants, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
RP Witt, EC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Geospatial Tech Operat Ctr, 1400 Independence Rd, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
EM ecwitt@usgs.gov; honglan@mst.edu; wronk@mst.edu;
BobPaylowsky@MissouriState.edu
FU MS&T Environmental Research Center; SEED Fund
FX This effort was supported by a Grant from the MS&T Environmental
Research Center, SEED Fund. The authors would like to thank Kun Lui for
her support with the operation and maintenance of the ICP-MS; Varun Paul
and Krista Rybacki for their assistance with sequential extraction; and
Clarissa Wisner for her patience and assistance with the SEM/EDS. This
article is Geology and Geophysics contribution 60 of the MS&T.
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 34
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 88
BP 90
EP 98
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.02.002
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AG0KL
UT WOS:000335104300011
ER
PT J
AU Lovich, JE
Gibbons, JW
Agha, M
AF Lovich, Jeffrey E.
Gibbons, J. Whitfield
Agha, Mickey
TI Does the timing of attainment of maturity influence sexual size
dimorphism and adult sex ratio in turtles?
SO BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE bimaturism; selection; Emydidae; environmental sex determination
ID RENSCHS RULE; CONTINUOUS CHARACTERS; DIETARY DIVERGENCE; ORDER
TESTUDINES; BODY-SIZE; EVOLUTION; PATTERNS; GROWTH; AGE; SNAKES
AB The attainment of sexual maturity has been shown to affect measures of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) and adult sex ratios in several groups of vertebrates. Using data for turtles, we tested the model that sex ratios are expected to be male-biased when females are larger than males and female-biased when males are larger than females because of the relationship of each with the attainment of maturity. Our model is based on the premise that the earlier-maturing sex remains smaller, on average throughout life, and predominates numerically unless the sexes are strongly affected by differential mortality, differential emigration, and immigration, or biased primary sex ratios. Based on data for 24 species in seven families, SSD and sex ratios were significantly negatively correlated for most analyses, even after the effect of phylogenetic bias was removed. The analyses provide support for the model that SSD and adult sex ratios are correlated in turtles as a result of simultaneous correlation of each with sexual differences in attainment of maturity (bimaturism). Environmental sex determination provides a possible mechanism for the phenomenon in turtles and some other organisms. (c) 2014 The Authors. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 112, 142-149.
C1 [Lovich, Jeffrey E.; Agha, Mickey] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Gibbons, J. Whitfield] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RP Lovich, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr,MS-9394, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov
OI Agha, Mickey/0000-0003-0961-8344; Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC09-76SROO-819]; University of Georgia,
Savannah River Ecology Laboratory
FX Earlier versions of this manuscript benefitted from comments offered by
Hal Avery, Bill Boarman, Daphne Fairbairn, Jan Kozlowski, John
Oldemeyer, Gordon Rodda, Howard Whiteman, and two anonymous reviewers.
Dr Emila P. Martins kindly provided assistance with the COMPARE 4.6b
analyses and Bob Thomson assisted with interpretation of his turtle
phylogeny. Manuscript preparation was supported by contract number
DE-AC09-76SROO-819 between the U.S. Department of Energy and the
University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government. JEL and JWG conceived and
formulated the idea. JEL developed the methodology. MA generated the
phylogenetic contrast analyses. JEL analyzed the data. JEL wrote the
manuscript. JWG and MA provided editorial advice.
NR 63
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0024-4066
EI 1095-8312
J9 BIOL J LINN SOC
JI Biol. J. Linnean Soc.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 112
IS 1
BP 142
EP 149
DI 10.1111/bij.12275
PG 8
WC Evolutionary Biology
SC Evolutionary Biology
GA AF1HA
UT WOS:000334463800012
ER
PT J
AU Goetz, D
Kroger, R
Miranda, LE
AF Goetz, D.
Kroeger, R.
Miranda, L. E.
TI Effects of Smallmouth Buffalo, Ictiobus bubalus Biomass on Water
Transparency, Nutrients, and Productivity in Shallow Experimental Ponds
SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fish; Nutrients; Water clarity; Productivity
ID CARP CYPRINUS-CARPIO; BENTHIVOROUS FISH; PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS; OXBOW
LAKES; SEDIMENT; RESUSPENSION; PHOSPHORUS; STATE
AB The smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus bubalus is a native benthivore to floodplain lakes in the Yazoo River Basin, USA. Based on evidence from other benthivorous fish studies we hypothesized high biomasses of I. bubalus contribute to poor water quality conditions. We tested this hypothesis in shallow (< 1.5 m) 0.05 ha earthen ponds at three stocking biomasses over a 10-week period during the summer of 2012. The most notable results from the permutational multivariate analysis of variance suggest I. bubalus at high and moderate biomasses significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced turbidity and suspended solid levels while decreasing Secchi depth. Our results suggest that effects of I. bubalus on water clarity may have considerable ecological implications in natural habitats such as shallow floodplain lakes.
C1 [Goetz, D.; Kroeger, R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Miranda, L. E.] Mississippi State Univ, US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Kroger, R (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM rkroger@cfr.msstate.edu
FU Mississippi Agricultural Forestry Experiment Station; Forest and
Wildlife Research Center
FX The authors would like to acknowledge grateful support from the
Mississippi Agricultural Forestry Experiment Station and the Forest and
Wildlife Research Center.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0007-4861
EI 1432-0800
J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX
JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 92
IS 5
BP 503
EP 508
DI 10.1007/s00128-014-1231-8
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AF0OK
UT WOS:000334413700001
PM 24526283
ER
PT J
AU O'Shea, TJ
Cryan, PM
Cunningham, AA
Fooks, AR
Hayman, DTS
Luis, AD
Peel, AJ
Plowright, RK
Wood, JLN
AF O'Shea, Thomas J.
Cryan, Paul M.
Cunningham, Andrew A.
Fooks, Anthony R.
Hayman, David T. S.
Luis, Angela D.
Peel, Alison J.
Plowright, Raina K.
Wood, James L. N.
TI Bat Flight and Zoonotic Viruses
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; TEMPERATURE REGULATION; EMERGING VIRUSES;
METABOLIC-RATE; NIPAH VIRUS; FRUIT BATS; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; RESERVOIRS;
PHYSIOLOGY; EVOLUTION
AB Bats are sources of high viral diversity and high-profile zoonotic viruses worldwide. Although apparently not pathogenic in their reservoir hosts, some viruses from bats severely affect other mammals, including humans. Examples include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, Ebola and Marburg viruses, and Nipah and Hendra viruses. Factors underlying high viral diversity in bats are the subject of speculation. We hypothesize that flight, a factor common to all bats but to no other mammals, provides an intensive selective force for coexistence with viral parasites through a daily cycle that elevates metabolism and body temperature analogous to the febrile response in other mammals. On an evolutionary scale, this host virus interaction might have resulted in the large diversity of zoonotic viruses in bats, possibly through bat viruses adapting to be more tolerant of the fever response and less virulent to their natural hosts.
C1 [O'Shea, Thomas J.; Cryan, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Cunningham, Andrew A.] Zool Soc London, London, England.
[Fooks, Anthony R.] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy Weybridge, Weybridge, Surrey, England.
[Hayman, David T. S.; Luis, Angela D.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hayman, David T. S.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Luis, Angela D.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Peel, Alison J.; Wood, James L. N.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England.
[Peel, Alison J.] Griffith Univ, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia.
[Plowright, Raina K.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP O'Shea, TJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM osheat@usgs.gov
RI APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010; Peel, Alison/I-3202-2012;
Cunningham, Andrew/E-7536-2010; Wood, James/A-1626-2008; Fooks,
Anthony/F-5418-2010;
OI Peel, Alison/0000-0003-3538-3550; Wood, James/0000-0002-0258-3188;
Cryan, Paul/0000-0002-2915-8894
FU David H. Smith Fellowship from the Cedar Tree Foundation; Society of
Conservation Biology; RAPIDD fellowship
FX This perspective was developed during discussions within the Small
Mammals Working Group of the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease
Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directorate (US
Department of Homeland Security) and the Fogarty International Center
(National Institutes of Health). D.T.S.H. acknowledges funding from a
David H. Smith Fellowship from the Cedar Tree Foundation and Society of
Conservation Biology. A.D.L. acknowledges funding from a RAPIDD
fellowship.
NR 40
TC 42
Z9 44
U1 12
U2 146
PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
EI 1080-6059
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 5
BP 741
EP 745
DI 10.3201/eid2005.130539
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA AG0SC
UT WOS:000335124900001
PM 24750692
ER
PT J
AU Li, ZN
Ip, HS
Trost, JF
White, CL
Murray, MJ
Carney, PJ
Sun, XJ
Stevens, J
Levine, MZ
Katz, JM
AF Li, Zhu-Nan
Ip, Hon S.
Trost, Jessica F.
White, C. LeAnn
Murray, Michael J.
Carney, Paul J.
Sun, Xiang-Jie
Stevens, James
Levine, Min Z.
Katz, Jacqueline M.
TI Serologic Evidence of Influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 Virus Infection in
Northern Sea Otters
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Li, Zhu-Nan; Trost, Jessica F.; Carney, Paul J.; Sun, Xiang-Jie; Stevens, James; Levine, Min Z.; Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Ip, Hon S.; White, C. LeAnn] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Murray, Michael J.] Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Katz, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM jmk9@cdc.gov
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
EI 1080-6059
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 5
BP 915
EP 917
DI 10.3201/eid2005.131890
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA AG0SC
UT WOS:000335124900041
PM 24751396
ER
PT J
AU Oviatt, CG
Chan, MA
Jewell, PW
Bills, BG
Madsen, DB
Miller, DM
AF Oviatt, Charles G.
Chan, Marjorie A.
Jewell, Paul W.
Bills, Bruce G.
Madsen, David B.
Miller, David M.
TI Interpretations of evidence for large Pleistocene paleolakes in the
Bonneville basin, western North America COMMENT on: Bonneville basin
shoreline records of large lake intervals during marine isotope stage 3
and the last glacial maximum, by Nishizawa et al. (2013)
SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pleistocene; Great Basin; Radiocarbon; Lake Bonneville; MIS 3
ID UTAH
AB Nishizawa et al. (2013) argue in support of three large paleolakes in the Bonneville basin during Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3). If true, that would be an important contribution to paleoclimate investigations. However, the key evidence in support of their argument consists of four radiocarbon ages that are out of stratigraphic order and near the practical and theoretical limit of the dating method. The interpretation of three large MIS 3 lakes conflicts with some of their own data, as well as with independently derived stratigraphic information from the basin. Nishizawa et al. (2013) also interpret a series of radiocarbon ages of mollusk samples as indicating previously undocumented lake transgressions a few thousand years older than basal radiocarbon ages of wood samples. We believe that these interpretations are in error, and arise largely from reliance on radiocarbon ages from carbonate material. Lake records constrained by ages of non-carbonate organic materials, along with compelling stratigraphic information from unconformities and buried soils, argue for not changing interpretations of Lake Bonneville history until more supporting information for older lakes at relatively high altitudes is found. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Oviatt, Charles G.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Geol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Chan, Marjorie A.; Jewell, Paul W.] Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Bills, Bruce G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Asteroids Comets & Satellites Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Madsen, David B.] Lanzhou Univ, Res Sch Arid Environm & Climate Change, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
[Miller, David M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Oviatt, CG (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Geol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
EM joviatt@ksu.edu
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0031-0182
EI 1872-616X
J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL
JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2014
VL 401
BP 173
EP 176
DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.03.003
PG 4
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology
GA AG2YK
UT WOS:000335282800014
ER
PT J
AU Rigsby, C
Herrmann, RB
Benz, H
AF Rigsby, Christopher
Herrmann, Robert B.
Benz, Harley
TI An Investigation of m(bLg) Versus M-w for Eastern North America
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNITUDE MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE; TELESEISMIC DISTANCES; TIME-DOMAIN;
ATTENUATION; SIMULATION; SCALE
C1 [Rigsby, Christopher; Herrmann, Robert B.] St Louis Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, St Louis, MO 63108 USA.
[Benz, Harley] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Rigsby, C (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 3642 Lindell Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108 USA.
EM rbh@eas.slu.edu; benz@usgs.gov
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0895-0695
EI 1938-2057
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 3
BP 625
EP 630
DI 10.1785/0220130138
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AG2ZO
UT WOS:000335285800007
ER
PT J
AU Keeler, SP
Dalton, MS
Cressler, AM
Berghaus, RD
Stallknecht, DE
AF Keeler, Shamus P.
Dalton, Melinda S.
Cressler, Alan M.
Berghaus, Roy D.
Stallknecht, David E.
TI Abiotic Factors Affecting the Persistence of Avian Influenza Virus in
Surface Waters of Waterfowl Habitats
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BORNE TRANSMISSION; AMMONIA; INACTIVATION; TEMPERATURE; SALINITY; BIRDS;
PCR; H5; PH
AB Avian influenza (AI) virus can remain infectious in water for months, and virus-contaminated surface water is considered to be a source of infection within wild waterfowl populations. Previous work has characterized the effects of pH, salinity, and temperature on viral persistence in water, but most of that work was done with modified distilled water. The objective of this study was to identify the abiotic factors that influence the duration of AI virus persistence in natural surface water. Surface water samples were collected from 38 waterfowl habitats distributed across the United States. Samples were submitted to the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory for chemical analysis and the University of Georgia for viral reduction time analysis. Samples were filtered with 0.22-mu m filters, and the durations of persistence of three wild-bird-derived influenza A viruses within each water sample at 10, 17, and 28 degrees C were determined. The effects of the surface water physicochemical factors on the duration of AI viral persistence in laboratory experiments were evaluated by multivariable linear regression with robust standard errors. The duration of AI virus persistence was determined to be longest in filtered surface water with a low temperature (<17 degrees C), a neutral-to-basic pH (7.0 to 8.5), low salinity (<0.5 ppt), and a low ammonia concentration (<0.5 mg/liter). Our results also highlighted potential strain-related variation in the stability of AI virus in surface water. These results bring us closer to being able to predict the duration of AI virus persistence in surface water of waterfowl habitats.
C1 [Keeler, Shamus P.; Stallknecht, David E.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Southeast Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Keeler, Shamus P.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA USA.
[Dalton, Melinda S.; Cressler, Alan M.] US Geol Survey, Georgia Water Sci Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Berghaus, Roy D.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Athens, GA USA.
RP Keeler, SP (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Southeast Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM shamuskeeler@gmail.com
FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U19Cl0004501]; SCWDS member
state and federal agencies
FX Funding for this work was provided through cooperative agreement
1U19Cl0004501 with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and
through the continued sponsorship of SCWDS member state and federal
agencies. The funding agencies did not have any involvement in the
implementation or publication of this study, and the research presented
here represents our opinions but not necessarily the opinions of the
funding agencies.
NR 43
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 20
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 9
BP 2910
EP 2917
DI 10.1128/AEM.03790-13
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA AF3AI
UT WOS:000334583300031
PM 24584247
ER
PT J
AU Nowicki, MA
Wald, DJ
Hamburger, MW
Hearne, M
Thompson, EM
AF Nowicki, M. Anna
Wald, David J.
Hamburger, Michael W.
Hearne, Michael
Thompson, Eric M.
TI Development of a globally applicable model for near real-time prediction
of seismically induced landslides
SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Landslides; Earthquakes; Rapid response; Hazards
ID LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; EARTHQUAKES
AB Substantial effort has been invested to understand where seismically induced landslides may occur in the future, as they are a costly and frequently fatal threat in mountainous regions. The goal of this work is to develop a statistical model for estimating the spatial distribution of landslides in near real-time around the globe for use in conjunction with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response (PAGER) system. This model uses standardized outputs of ground shaking from the USGS ShakeMap Arias 2.0 to develop an empirical landslide probability model, combining shaking estimates with broadly available landslide susceptibility proxies, i.e., topographic slope, surface geology, and climate parameters. We focus on four earthquakes for which digitally mapped landslide inventories and well-constrained ShakeMaps are available. The resulting database is used to build a predictive model of the probability of landslide occurrence. The landslide database includes the Guatemala (1976), Northridge (1994), Chi-Chi (1999), and Wenchuan (2008) earthquakes. Performance of the regression model is assessed using statistical goodness-of-fit metrics and a qualitative review to determine which combination of the proxies provides both the optimum prediction of landslide-affected areas and minimizes the false alarms in non-landslide zones. Combined with near real-time ShakeMaps, these models can be used to make generalized predictions of whether or not landslides are likely to occur (and if so, where) for earthquakes around the globe, and eventually to inform loss estimates within the framework of the PAGER system. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Nowicki, M. Anna; Hamburger, Michael W.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Nowicki, M. Anna; Wald, David J.; Hearne, Michael] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Thompson, Eric M.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
RP Nowicki, MA (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 1001 East 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM manowick@indiana.edu; wald@usgs.gov; hamburg@indiana.edu;
hearne@usgs.gov; ethompson@mail.sdsu.edu
RI Thompson, Eric/E-6895-2010;
OI Thompson, Eric/0000-0002-6943-4806; Wald, David/0000-0002-1454-4514
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Indiana University, Bloomington, Department of
Geological Sciences
FX We would like to express our gratitude to all of the members of the
Geologic Hazards Science Center at the USGS in Golden, CO who helped
make this project possible, especially landslide hazards research team
members Edwin Harp, Jonathan Godt, and Randall Jibson. We would also
like to thank FC Dai and Hiroshi Sato for providing their landslide
inventories for use in this study. We thank the Indiana Statistical
Consulting Center, especially Thomas Jackson, who guided us in
furthering our application of statistical modeling and measures, and
generously provided technical support. We would like to thank two
anonymous reviewers for their constructive suggestions, and Kaj Johnson
and Gary Pavlis for their reviews of an earlier draft of this
manuscript. We would also like to thank Ray Chuang, Yinzhi Wang, Kendra
Johnson, and Russell Mah for their technical support with various
software. This research was supported by both the U.S. Geological Survey
and Indiana University, Bloomington, Department of Geological Sciences.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0013-7952
EI 1872-6917
J9 ENG GEOL
JI Eng. Geol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2014
VL 173
BP 54
EP 65
DI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.02.002
PG 12
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA AF8TM
UT WOS:000334988500006
ER
PT J
AU Xu, GP
Huang, S
Frey, FA
Blichert-Toft, J
Abouchami, W
Clague, DA
Cousens, B
Moore, JG
Beeson, MH
AF Xu, Guangping
Huang, Shichun
Frey, Frederick A.
Blichert-Toft, Janne
Abouchami, Wafa
Clague, David A.
Cousens, Brian
Moore, James G.
Beeson, Melvin H.
TI The distribution of geochemical heterogeneities in the source of
Hawaiian shield lavas as revealed by a transect across the strike of the
Loa and Kea spatial trends: East Molokai to West Molokai to Penguin Bank
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID SCIENTIFIC DRILLING PROJECT; RECYCLED OCEANIC-CRUST; MANTLE PLUME;
MAUNA-LOA; KOOLAU VOLCANO; TRACE-ELEMENT; ISOTOPIC CONSTRAINTS; MELTING
PROCESS; HONOLULU VOLCANICS; MAGMATIC PROCESSES
AB An important feature of <2 Ma Hawaiian volcanoes is that they define two sub-parallel spatial trends known as the Loa-and Kea-trends. On the Island of Hawaii, the <1.5 Ma shield lavas on the Loa and Kea spatial trends have distinctive geochemical characteristics that are designated as Loa-type and Kea-type. These geochemical differences are clearly expressed in Sr, Nd, Hf and Pb isotopic ratios, major element contents, and ratios of incompatible elements. They are interpreted to reflect varying proportions of sediment, basalt, gabbro and peridotite in subducted oceanic lithosphere. Pb isotopic ratios indicate that the Loa-type component reflects ancient subduction, >2.5 Ga, whereas the Kea-type component reflects younger subduction, <1.5 Ga. To evaluate the temporal persistence of these geochemical differences in the source of Hawaiian shield lavas, we analyzed lavas from the similar to 1.5 to 2 Ma Molokai Island volcanoes, East and West Molokai, and the adjacent submarine Penguin Bank. The three volcanoes form a nearly east-west trend that crosscuts the Loa and Kea spatial trends at a high angle; consequently we can determine if these older lavas are Kea-type in the east and Loa-type in the west. All lavas collected from the subaerial flanks of East Molokai, a Kea-trend volcano, have Kea-type geochemical characteristics; however, dive samples collected from Wailau landslide blocks, probably samples of the East Molokai shield that are older than those exposed on the subaerial flanks, include basalt with Loa-type geochemical features. Shield lavas from West Molokai and Penguin Bank, both on the Loa-trend, are dominantly Loa-type, but samples with Kea-type compositions also erupted at these Loa-trend volcanoes. The Loa-trend volcanoes, Mahukona, West Molokai, Penguin Bank, and Koolau, have also erupted lavas with Kea-type geochemical characteristics, and the Kea-trend volcanoes, Mauna Kea, Kohala, Haleakala, and East Molokai, have erupted lavas with Loa-type geochemical characteristics. The presence of both Loa-and Kea-type lavas in a volcano provides constraints on the distribution of geochemical heterogeneities in the source of Hawaiian shield basalts. Two plausible models are: (1) source components with Loa-and Kea-type geochemical characteristics are present in the sources of all <2 Ma shields, but the Kea-to-Loa proportion is higher beneath Kea-trend than Loa-trend volcanoes, or (2) the magma source contains a uniform proportion of Loa-and Kea-type components, but these components have different solidi. Magmas derived from the low-temperature regions of the source preferentially sample the component with the lower solidus temperature and form Loa-type lavas. In contrast, magmas derived from the relatively high-temperature regions of the source sample both low and high solidus components in the source and form Kea-type lavas. This model is supported by the linear correlations between isotopic ratios and calculated temperatures of estimated primary magmas. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Xu, Guangping] Colorado State Univ, AIRIE Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Huang, Shichun] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Frey, Frederick A.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Blichert-Toft, Janne] Ecole Normale Super Lyon, Lab Geol Lyon, CNRS UMR 5276, F-69007 Lyon, France.
[Blichert-Toft, Janne] Univ Lyon 1, F-69007 Lyon, France.
[Abouchami, Wafa] Univ Munster, Inst Mineral, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
[Abouchami, Wafa] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
[Clague, David A.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Cousens, Brian] Carleton Univ, Ottawa Carleton Geosci Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Moore, James G.; Beeson, Melvin H.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Xu, GP (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, AIRIE Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM Guangping.Xu@colostate.edu; fafrey@mit.edu
RI Huang, Shichun/A-3596-2008; Blichert-Toft, Janne/C-8280-2012;
OI Blichert-Toft, Janne/0000-0002-4932-4079; Frey,
Frederick/0000-0002-5403-5677
FU Sam Bowring; Hawaii Undersea Research Program of NOAA; French Agence
Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-10-BLAN-0603MMs]; NSF [EAR-0607895, EAR
1144727]; DFG; Leibniz award; David and Lucile Packard Foundation
FX G.X. thanks Frank Dudas for his help with the Sr isotope analyses. Sam
Bowring is thanked for providing financial support for seven Sr isotopic
analyses at MIT. Rick Kayser is thanked for his assistance with ICP-MS
analysis. The HIG1972-D4 dredge samples were kindly made available to
D.A.C. by chief scientist Frisbee Campbell; the Pisces V dive 255
samples were collected during a dive funded by the Hawaii Undersea
Research Program of NOAA to D.A.C. and J.G.M., with special thanks to
chief pilot Terry Kerby; and the MV-D10 and MV-D11 samples were dredged
by D.A.C. during the NSF-funded Plume Program, Gabi Laske, chief
Scientist on the R/V Melville. J.B.T. received support from the French
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Grant ANR-10-BLAN-0603M&Ms Mantle
Melting Measurements, Models, Mechanisms). Research at MIT was supported
by NSF Grant EAR-0607895. W.A. was supported by the DFG and through the
Leibniz award to Klaus Mezger. D.A.C. was supported by a grant to MBARI
from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. S.H. acknowledges support
from NSF grant EAR 1144727. We thank K. Putirka for assistance in
calculating temperatures. A. Hofmann for discussion regarding this
paper, and M. Jackson. A. Pietruszka, and an anonymous reviewer for
their constructive comments that improved the paper.
NR 117
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 5
U2 28
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
EI 1872-9533
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD MAY 1
PY 2014
VL 132
BP 214
EP 237
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.002
PG 24
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AF6NP
UT WOS:000334832100013
ER
PT J
AU Bell, DM
Bradford, JB
Lauenroth, WK
AF Bell, David M.
Bradford, John B.
Lauenroth, William K.
TI Mountain landscapes offer few opportunities for high-elevation tree
species migration
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE upslope migration; climate change; demography; productivity; tree
species; suitability; dominance; forest inventory and analysis
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; DISTRIBUTION MODELS;
GLOBAL-CHANGE; RANGE BOUNDARIES; FORESTS; DISTRIBUTIONS; RESPONSES;
NICHE; VEGETATION
AB Climate change is anticipated to alter plant species distributions. Regional context, notably the spatial complexity of climatic gradients, may influence species migration potential. While high-elevation species may benefit from steep climate gradients in mountain regions, their persistence may be threatened by limited suitable habitat as land area decreases with elevation. To untangle these apparently contradictory predictions for mountainous regions, we evaluated the climatic suitability of four coniferous forest tree species of the western United States based on species distribution modeling (SDM) and examined changes in climatically suitable areas under predicted climate change. We used forest structural information relating to tree species dominance, productivity, and demography from an extensive forest inventory system to assess the strength of inferences made with a SDM approach. We found that tree species dominance, productivity, and recruitment were highest where climatic suitability (i.e., probability of species occurrence under certain climate conditions) was high, supporting the use of predicted climatic suitability in examining species risk to climate change. By predicting changes in climatic suitability over the next century, we found that climatic suitability will likely decline, both in areas currently occupied by each tree species and in nearby unoccupied areas to which species might migrate in the future. These trends were most dramatic for high elevation species. Climatic changes predicted over the next century will dramatically reduce climatically suitable areas for high-elevation tree species while a lower elevation species, Pinus ponderosa, will be well positioned to shift upslope across the region. Reductions in suitable area for high-elevation species imply that even unlimited migration would be insufficient to offset predicted habitat loss, underscoring the vulnerability of these high-elevation species to climatic changes.
C1 [Bell, David M.; Lauenroth, William K.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Bell, DM (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM dbell9@uwyo.edu
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011;
OI Bell, David/0000-0002-2673-5836
FU University of Wyoming; U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological
Science Center [G11AC20366]; NSF [DBI-1202800]
FX Funding was provided by the University of Wyoming and the U.S.
Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center via cooperative
agreement #G11AC20366 and a NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in
Biology DBI-1202800. Megan Mobley and three anonymous reviewers provided
useful comments on this manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 68
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 5
U2 66
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 5
BP 1441
EP 1451
DI 10.1111/gcb.12504
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE9WB
UT WOS:000334361000007
PM 24353188
ER
PT J
AU Gumma, MK
Thenkabail, PS
Maunahan, A
Islam, S
Nelson, A
AF Gumma, Murali Krishna
Thenkabail, Prasad S.
Maunahan, Aileen
Islam, Saidul
Nelson, Andrew
TI Mapping seasonal rice cropland extent and area in the high cropping
intensity environment of Bangladesh using MODIS 500 m data for the year
2010
SO ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Seasonal rice mapping; MODIS NDVI; Cropping intensity; Spectral matching
techniques; Field-plot information; Bangladesh
ID SPECTRAL MATCHING TECHNIQUES; USE/LAND-COVER LULC; RIVER-BASIN INDIA;
TIME-SERIES DATA; IRRIGATED AREAS; FOOD SECURITY; LAND-COVER; WATER;
MAP; CLASSIFICATION
AB Rice is the most consumed staple food in the world and a key crop for food security. Much of the world's rice is produced and consumed in Asia where cropping intensity is often greater than 100% (more than one crop per year), yet this intensity is not sufficiently represented in many land use products. Agricultural practices and investments vary by season due to the different challenges faced, such as drought, salinity, or flooding, and the different requirements such as varietal choice, water source, inputs, and crop establishment methods. Thus, spatial and temporal information on the seasonal extent of rice is an important input to decision making related to increased agricultural productivity and the sustainable use of limited natural resources. The goal of this study was to demonstrate that hyper temporal moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data can be used to map the spatial distribution of the seasonal rice crop extent and area. The study was conducted in Bangladesh where rice can be cropped once, twice, or three times a year.
MODIS normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) maximum value composite (MVC) data at 500 m resolution along with seasonal field-plot information from year 2010 were used to map rice crop extent and area for three seasons, boro (December/January-April), aus (April/May-June/July), and aman (July/ August-November/December), in Bangladesh. A subset of the field-plot information was used to assess the pixel-level accuracy of the MODIS-derived rice area. Seasonal district-level rice area statistics were used to assess the accuracy of the rice area estimates. When compared to field-plot data, the maps of rice versus non-rice exceeded 90% accuracy in all three seasons and the accuracy of the five rice classes varied from 78% to 90% across the three seasons. On average, the MODIS-derived rice area estimates were 6% higher than the sub-national statistics during boro, 7% higher during atts, and 3% higher during the aman season. The MODIS-derived sub-national areas explained (R-2 values) 96%, 93%, and 96% of the variability at the district level for boro, aus, and aman seasons, respectively. The results demonstrated that the methods we applied for analysing and interpreting moderate spatial and high temporal resolution imagery can accurately capture the seasonal variability in rice crop extent and area. We discuss the robustness of the approach and highlight issues that must be addressed before similar methods are used across other areas of Asia where a mix of rainfed, irrigated, or supplemental irrigation permits single, double, and triple cropping in a single calendar year. (C) 2014 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS) Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gumma, Murali Krishna; Maunahan, Aileen; Islam, Saidul; Nelson, Andrew] IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines.
[Gumma, Murali Krishna] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Patancheru 502324, Andhra Pradesh, India.
[Thenkabail, Prasad S.] USGS, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Islam, Saidul] Bangladesh Rice Res Inst, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.
RP Nelson, A (reprint author), IRRI, DAPO Box 7777, Los Banos, Philippines.
EM m.gumma@cgiar.org; a.nelson@irri.org
RI Nelson, Andrew/G-3649-2012
OI Nelson, Andrew/0000-0002-7249-3778
FU Stress-Tolerant Rice for Africa and South Asia" (STRASA); Green Super
Rice" (GSR), and the Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF)
FX This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation projects
"Stress-Tolerant Rice for Africa and South Asia" (STRASA) and "Green
Super Rice" (GSR), and the Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF)
Ganges Basin Development Challenge. The authors would like to thank Bill
Hardy, science editor/publisher, IRRI, for editing this article. The
authors thank Dr. Jauhar Ali, Dr. Abdel Ismail, Dr. Uma Shankar Singh,
Mr. Arnel Rala, Dr. A. Bari, and Dr. Devendra Gauchan for their valuable
feedback on early versions of the rice classification system. We would
like to thank Prof. Daniel L. Civco, associate editor of this journal,
and the three anonymous reviewers who helped in substantially improving
the quality of this paper. The paper is not internally reviewed by the
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); hence, the opinions expressed here are
those of the authors and not those of the USGS.
NR 38
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 8
U2 46
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-2716
EI 1872-8235
J9 ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM
JI ISPRS-J. Photogramm. Remote Sens.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 91
BP 98
EP 113
DI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.02.007
PG 16
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AG0KP
UT WOS:000335104700008
ER
PT J
AU Palaseanu-Lovejoy, M
Thatcher, CA
Barras, JA
AF Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Monica
Thatcher, Cindy A.
Barras, John A.
TI Levee crest elevation profiles derived from airborne lidar-based high
resolution digital elevation models in south Louisiana
SO ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Atchafalaya Basin; Lafourche Parish; Louisiana; Flood protection; Levee;
Crest; Lidar; DEM
AB This study explores the feasibility of using airborne lidar surveys to construct high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) and develop an automated procedure to extract levee longitudinal elevation profiles for both federal levees in Atchafalaya Basin and local levees in Lafourche Parish, south Lousiana. This approach can successfully accommodate a high degree of levee sinuosity and abrupt changes in levee orientation (direction) in planar coordinates, variations in levee geometries, and differing DEM resolutions. The federal levees investigated in Atchafalaya Basin have crest elevations between 5.3 and 12 m while the local counterparts in Lafourche Parish are between 0.76 and 2.3 m. The vertical uncertainty in the elevation data is considered when assessing federal crest elevation against the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers minimum height requirements to withstand the 100-year flood. Only approximately 5% of the crest points of the two federal levees investigated in the Atchafalaya Basin region met this requirement. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS).
C1 [Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Monica; Thatcher, Cindy A.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Barras, John A.] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Louisiana Off Coastal Protect & Restorat Colocat, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA.
RP Palaseanu-Lovejoy, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM mpal@usgs.gov; thatcherc@usgs.gov; jbarras@usgs.gov
OI Thatcher, Cindy/0000-0003-0331-071X
FU Coastal and Marine Geology Program; U.S. Geological Survey through the
Northern Gulf of Mexico project
FX We thank Dwayne Bourgeois, Executive Director, North Lafourche
Conservation Levee and Drainage District, and Maurice Wolcott, Coastal
GIS Specialist, Louisiana Sea Grant and Louisiana State University for
their assistance in explaining the history and development of the local
levee system in southern Louisiana. The funding of this project was
provided by the Coastal and Marine Geology Program, U.S. Geological
Survey through the Northern Gulf of Mexico project. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-2716
EI 1872-8235
J9 ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM
JI ISPRS-J. Photogramm. Remote Sens.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 91
BP 114
EP 126
DI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.02.010
PG 13
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AG0KP
UT WOS:000335104700009
ER
PT J
AU Duberstein, JA
Conner, WH
Krauss, KW
AF Duberstein, Jamie A.
Conner, William H.
Krauss, Ken W.
TI Woody vegetation communities of tidal freshwater swamps in South
Carolina, Georgia and Florida (US) with comparisons to similar systems
in the US and South America
SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Altamaha River; Nyssa aquatica; Sabal minor; Community analysis;
Southeastern US swamps; Outlier species; Suwannee River; Sabal palmetto;
Nyssa biflora; Savannah River; Apalachicola River
ID FORESTED WETLAND; RIVER; FLOODPLAIN; PATTERNS
AB Questions
What are the general tree communities found in tidal freshwater swamps along four large coastal rivers in the southeastern United States (US)? How do these communities compare to other tidal freshwater swamps in the US and South America?
Locations
Tidal floodplains of major rivers along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the southeastern US: Savannah, Altamaha, Suwannee and Apalachicola Rivers.
Methods
An extensive survey of trees and shrubs was conducted to describe the communities from a range of tidal freshwater swamps. River basins studied include micro-tidal (Gulf coast) and meso-tidal (Atlantic coast) regimes, and study areas were located both near and distant to primary channels. A total of 128 plots (100m(2) each) were inventoried, distributed evenly over the Savannah and Altamaha Rivers along the Atlantic coast, and the Suwannee and Apalachicola Rivers along the Gulf coast. Multivariate statistics helped discern communities and the significant indicator species in each.
Results
Four general communities were characterized and named according to the strongest individual indicator species in each: Water Tupelo (Nyssa aquatica) Community, Swamp Tupelo (Nyssa biflora) Community, Dwarf Palmetto (Sabal minor) Community and Cabbage Palm (Sabal palmetto) Community.
Conclusions
Descriptions of most tidal freshwater swamps in the southeastern US fit within the communities described in this study. Because studies that make inferences between environmental drivers (e.g. salinity, hydroperiod, hurricanes) and specific community types are best applied to the same communities (but perhaps different river systems), this work provides a framework by which tidal freshwater forested wetlands can be accurately compared based on their tree communities. We suggest that, within the broad range of our inventories, the four communities described identify the primary associations that should be tracked within most tidal freshwater swamps of the US. However, we identify some river basins in the US that do not fit this construct.
Diversity of major tree communities in tidal freshwater swamps outside the US is generally much lower (with the notable exception of Amazonian hardwood tidal varzea), as are basal area values.
C1 [Duberstein, Jamie A.; Conner, William H.] Clemson Univ, Baruch Inst Coastal Ecol & Forest Sci, Georgetown, SC 29442 USA.
[Krauss, Ken W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Duberstein, JA (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Baruch Inst Coastal Ecol & Forest Sci, Georgetown, SC 29442 USA.
EM jamieduberstein@gmail.com; wconner@clemson.edu; kkrauss@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and
Development Program; NIFA/USDA [SC-1700424]
FX Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey
Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program and by
NIFA/USDA, under project number SC-1700424, Technical Contribution No.
6159 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. We thank the Savannah
National Wildlife Refuge, Lower Suwannee National Wildlife Refuge, The
Nature Conservancy, Georgia Department of Natural Resources and Florida
Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission for allowing access to study
areas. We thank Christopher Anderson (Auburn University) for his
expertise on the extent of tidal freshwater swamps on the Apalachicola
River. We thank Seth Blitch and Jenna Wanat of the Apalachicola National
Estuarine Research Reserve for assisting with short-term housing. Field
assistance was provided by Crew Mayne, Nicole Cormier, Steven 'Hutch'
Hutchinson, Brian Williams, Kenneth Brown, Jacob McFadden and Mark
Parry. Jeffery Vernon (Clemson University) assisted with map figures. We
also thank Cliff Hupp (U.S. Geological Survey), Loretta Battaglia
(Southern Illinois University) and Jim Grace (U.S. Geological Survey)
for their input during the revision process. Any use of trade, product
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 62
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1100-9233
EI 1654-1103
J9 J VEG SCI
JI J. Veg. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 3
BP 848
EP 862
DI 10.1111/jvs.12115
PG 15
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA AE7NH
UT WOS:000334184300023
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, FA
Dorazio, RM
Castellon, TD
Martin, J
Garcia, JO
Nichols, JD
AF Johnson, Fred A.
Dorazio, Robert M.
Castellon, Traci D.
Martin, Julien
Garcia, Jay O.
Nichols, James D.
TI TAILORING POINT COUNTS FOR INFERENCE ABOUT AVIAN DENSITY: DEALING WITH
NONDETECTION AND AVAILABILITY
SO NATURAL RESOURCE MODELING
LA English
DT Article
DE Abundance; availability; beta-binomial mixture; detection probability;
Florida scrub-jay; hierarchical model; N-mixture model; Poisson-gamma
mixture; point count
ID ESTIMATING DETECTION PROBABILITY; BINOMIAL MIXTURE-MODELS; ESTIMATING
ABUNDANCE; REPLICATED COUNTS; BIRD ABUNDANCE; POPULATION
AB Point counts are commonly used for bird surveys, but interpretation is ambiguous unless there is an accounting for the imperfect detection of individuals. We show how repeated point counts, supplemented by observation distances, can account for two aspects of the counting process: (1) detection of birds conditional on being available for observation and (2) the availability of birds for detection given presence. We propose a hierarchical model that permits the radius in which birds are available for detection to vary with forest stand age (or other relevant habitat features), so that the number of birds available at each location is described by a Poisson-gamma mixture. Conditional on availability, the number of birds detected at each location is modeled by a beta-binomial distribution. We fit this model to repeated point count data of Florida scrub-jays and found evidence that the area in which birds were available for detection decreased with increasing stand age. Estimated density was 0.083 (95%CI: 0.060-0.113) scrub-jays/ha. Point counts of birds have a number of appealing features. Based on our findings, however, an accounting for both components of the counting process may be necessary to ensure that abundance estimates are comparable across time and space. Our approach could easily be adapted to other species and habitats.
C1 [Johnson, Fred A.; Dorazio, Robert M.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Castellon, Traci D.] Archibold Biol Stn, Venus, FL 33960 USA.
[Martin, Julien] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Garcia, Jay O.] US Forest Serv, Ocala Natl Forest, Umatilla, FL 32784 USA.
[Nichols, James D.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Johnson, FA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 7920 NW 71 St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM fjohnson@usgs.gov
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 26
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0890-8575
EI 1939-7445
J9 NAT RESOUR MODEL
JI Nat. Resour. Model.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 2
BP 163
EP 177
DI 10.1111/nrm.12024
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics
GA AF7CD
UT WOS:000334870200001
ER
PT J
AU Foster, JR
D'Amato, AW
Bradford, JB
AF Foster, Jane R.
D'Amato, Anthony W.
Bradford, John B.
TI Looking for age-related growth decline in natural forests: unexpected
biomass patterns from tree rings and simulated mortality
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Stand dynamics; Dendrochronology; Net primary productivity; Temperate
forests; Sub-boreal forests
ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; CARBON SEQUESTRATION;
HARDWOOD FORESTS; INDIVIDUAL-TREE; STAND-STRUCTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
ACCUMULATION; DISTURBANCE; STORAGE
AB Forest biomass growth is almost universally assumed to peak early in stand development, near canopy closure, after which it will plateau or decline. The chronosequence and plot remeasurement approaches used to establish the decline pattern suffer from limitations and coarse temporal detail. We combined annual tree ring measurements and mortality models to address two questions: first, how do assumptions about tree growth and mortality influence reconstructions of biomass growth? Second, under what circumstances does biomass production follow the model that peaks early, then declines? We integrated three stochastic mortality models with a census tree-ring data set from eight temperate forest types to reconstruct stand-level biomass increments (in Minnesota, USA). We compared growth patterns among mortality models, forest types and stands. Timing of peak biomass growth varied significantly among mortality models, peaking 20-30 years earlier when mortality was random with respect to tree growth and size, than when mortality favored slow-growing individuals. Random or u-shaped mortality (highest in small or large trees) produced peak growth 25-30 % higher than the surviving tree sample alone. Growth trends for even-aged, monospecific Pinus banksiana or Acer saccharum forests were similar to the early peak and decline expectation. However, we observed continually increasing biomass growth in older, low-productivity forests of Quercus rubra, Fraxinus nigra, and Thuja occidentalis. Tree-ring reconstructions estimated annual changes in live biomass growth and identified more diverse development patterns than previous methods. These detailed, long-term patterns of biomass development are crucial for detecting recent growth responses to global change and modeling future forest dynamics.
C1 [Foster, Jane R.; D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Bradford, John B.] Univ Arizona, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Colorado Plateau Res Stn, US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Foster, JR (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 115 Green Hall,1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM jrfoster@umn.edu; damato@umn.edu; jbradford@usgs.gov
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011;
OI Foster, Jane/0000-0002-5997-0269
FU American Revenue Recovery Act; US Department of Interior Northeast
Climate Science Center
FX Funding for this research was provided by the American Revenue Recovery
Act and the US Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science Center.
Nick Jensen, Mike Reinikainen, John Segari, Kyle Gill, Amy Milo and
others collected field data and/or measured and cross-dated tree rings.
We thank Bruce Anderson and the Superior National Forest for logistical
support and Shawn Fraver and two anonymous reviewers for reviewing this
manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 57
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 86
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
EI 1432-1939
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 175
IS 1
BP 363
EP 374
DI 10.1007/s00442-014-2881-2
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF4OB
UT WOS:000334691600034
PM 24442595
ER
PT J
AU Pierce, CL
Ahrens, NL
Loan-Wilsey, AK
Simmons, GA
Gelwicks, GT
AF Pierce, C. L.
Ahrens, N. L.
Loan-Wilsey, A. K.
Simmons, G. A.
Gelwicks, G. T.
TI FISH ASSEMBLAGE RELATIONSHIPS WITH PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PRESENCE
OF DAMS IN THREE EASTERN IOWA RIVERS
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE fragmentation; depth; stream; pools; fish passage; thalweg
ID LOW-HEAD DAMS; SPECIES RICHNESS; STREAM FISHES; HABITAT USE; LAND-USE;
CONSERVATION; PATTERNS; BIODIVERSITY; LANDSCAPE; IMPACTS
AB Fish assemblages in rivers of the Midwestern United States are an important component of the region's natural resources and biodiversity. We characterized the physical environment and presence of dams in a series of reaches in three eastern Iowa rivers tributary to the Mississippi River and related these characteristics to the fish assemblages present. Some physical characteristics were similar among the 12 study reaches, whereas others differed substantially. We found a total of 68 species across the 12 study reaches; 56 in the Turkey River, 51 in the Maquoketa River and 50 in the Wapsipinicon River. Seventeen species could be described as 'downstream-distributed'; 15 being found only in the lowest reach of one or more rivers and the other two being found only in the lowest reaches or two or more contiguous reaches including the lowest reach. Two species could be described as 'upstream-distributed', being found only in an uppermost reach. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination illustrated similarities among reaches, and five physical variables were significantly correlated with assemblage similarities. Catchment area and number of dams between reaches and the Mississippi River were strongly correlated with assemblage similarities, but the directions of their effects were opposite. Catchment area and number of dams were confounded. The collective evidence to date suggests that the pervasiveness of dams on rivers significantly alters fish assemblages, making underlying patterns of species change and relationships with naturally varying and human-influenced physical characteristics along a river's course difficult to discern. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Pierce, C. L.] Iowa State Univ, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Pierce, C. L.; Loan-Wilsey, A. K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Simmons, G. A.; Gelwicks, G. T.] Iowa Dept Nat Resources, Manchester, IA USA.
[Ahrens, N. L.] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Rockport, TX USA.
RP Pierce, CL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM cpierce@iastate.edu
FU Iowa State University [6-03-5476-I]; Iowa Department of Natural
Resources; Iowa State University; Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit
FX We thank Bryan Hayes, Jennifer Weidner and Mark Winn for assistance in
the field, Todd Hanson for GIS assistance, Andy Jansen for compiling
data and James Gore, Nate Hoogeveen, Hilary Meyer, Tim Parks and an
anonymous reviewer for commenting on the manuscript. Funding was
provided by the Iowa Department of Natural Resources, and support was
provided by Iowa State University and the Iowa Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit. This study was performed under the auspices of
Iowa State University protocol #6-03-5476-I. The use of trade names or
products does not constitute endorsement by the US Government.
NR 90
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 4
BP 427
EP 441
DI 10.1002/rra.2654
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AF4NE
UT WOS:000334689100003
ER
PT J
AU Schoolmaster, DR
Mittelbach, GG
Gross, KL
AF Schoolmaster, Donald R., Jr.
Mittelbach, Gary G.
Gross, Katherine L.
TI Resource competition and community response to fertilization: the
outcome depends on spatial strategies
SO THEORETICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Clonal plants; Fertilization; Light limitation; Resource competition;
Spatial heterogeneity; Coexistence; Community structure
ID PLANT-COMMUNITIES; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; CLONAL
PLANTS; HETEROGENEITY; PLASTICITY; GRASSLAND; GRADIENT; LIGHT;
PRODUCTIVITY
AB Decreases in plant species richness and shifts in community structure following fertilization are usually attributed to increasing light limitation. However, there is increasing evidence that light limitation alone does not account for all of the observed effects of fertilization on plant communities. We present a model of competition for a single, spatially heterogeneous resource that shows fertility-mediated changes in community structure without light competition. This model predicts that in a low-productivity spatially heterogeneous habitat, species that interact with the resource environment over small spatial scales may exclude species that experience the environment at larger spatial scales, even when the latter species are better resource competitors in a uniform environment (have a lower R*). Increasing overall habitat fertility under these conditions minimizes the effects of spatial heterogeneity on the species that forage at a larger spatial scale, resulting in changes in species dominance and the potential for species coexistence. This analysis suggests that considering differences in the spatial scales at which species interact with environmental heterogeneity may help explain observed changes in community structure following fertilization.
C1 [Schoolmaster, Donald R., Jr.; Mittelbach, Gary G.; Gross, Katherine L.] Michigan State Univ, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA.
[Schoolmaster, Donald R., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Five Rivers Serv LLC, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Mittelbach, Gary G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Gross, Katherine L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Schoolmaster, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Five Rivers Serv LLC, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM schoolm4@msu.edu; mittelbach@kbs.msu.edu; grossk@kbs.msu.edu
RI Mittelbach, Gary/A-2470-2013;
OI Schoolmaster, Donald/0000-0003-0910-4458
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0235699]; A.W. Mellon Foundation;
Michigan State University
FX This work was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation
(DEB-0235699), the A.W. Mellon Foundation, and Michigan State
University. We are grateful to Jim Grace and Tim Dickson for helpful
comments on the manuscript and to the Michigan Department of Natural
Resources staff at the Allegan State Game Area for allowing us to
conduct field experiments at the site. This is KBS contribution number
1727.
NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 36
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1874-1738
EI 1874-1746
J9 THEOR ECOL-NETH
JI Theor. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 2
BP 127
EP 135
DI 10.1007/s12080-013-0205-5
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF2YA
UT WOS:000334577200002
ER
PT J
AU Liu, RS
DeAngelis, DL
Bryant, JP
AF Liu, Rongsong
DeAngelis, Donald L.
Bryant, John P.
TI Dynamics of herbivores and resources on a landscape with interspersed
resources and refuges
SO THEORETICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Herbivore-vegetation dynamics; Predation refuges; Optimal foraging;
Snowshoe hare; Limit cycle oscillations; Landscape complexity
ID PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTIONS; SNOWSHOE HARES; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; HABITAT
USE; FIRE SUPPRESSION; BOREAL FOREST; FORAGING TIME; USE PATTERNS; RISK;
FOOD
AB A tradeoff between energy gain from foraging and safety from predation in refuges is a common situation for many herbivores that are vulnerable to predation while foraging. This tradeoff affects the population dynamics of the plant-herbivore-predator interaction. A new functional response is derived based on the Holling type 2 functional response and the assumption that the herbivore can forage at a rate that maximizes its fitness. The predation rate on the herbivore is assumed to be proportional to the product of the time that the herbivore spends foraging and a risk factor that reflects the habitat complexity; where greater complexity means greater interspersion of high food quality habitat and refuge habitat, which increases the amount of the edge zone between refuge and foraging areas, making foraging safer. The snowshoe hare is chosen as an example to demonstrate the resulting dynamics of an herbivore that has been intensely studied and that undergoes well-known cycling. Two models are studied in which the optimal foraging by hares is assumed, a vegetation-hare-generalist predator model and a vegetation-hare-specialist predator model. In both cases, the results suggest that the cycling of the snowshoe hare population will be greatly moderated by optimal foraging in a habitat consisting of interspersed high quality foraging habitat and refuge habitat. However, there are also large differences in the dynamics produced by the two models as a function of predation pressure.
C1 [Liu, Rongsong] Univ Wyoming, Dept Math, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.] Univ Miami, US Geol Survey, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Bryant, John P.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Liu, RS (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Math, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM rongsong.liu@uwyo.edu
NR 73
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 30
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1874-1738
EI 1874-1746
J9 THEOR ECOL-NETH
JI Theor. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 2
BP 195
EP 208
DI 10.1007/s12080-013-0210-8
PG 14
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF2YA
UT WOS:000334577200007
ER
PT J
AU Bricker, SB
Mackenzie, FT
Baron, JS
Price, JR
AF Bricker, Suzanne B.
Mackenzie, Fred T.
Baron, Jill S.
Price, Jason R.
TI Preface to Owen P. Bricker III Special Issue of Aquatic Geochemistry
Understanding Thermodynamic Relationships and Geochemical Mass Balances
from Catchment to Coast: A Tribute to the Life and Career of Owen P.
Bricker III
SO AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermodynamic relationships; Geochemical mass balances; Owen P. Bricker
III
AB This special volume of aquatic geochemistry is dedicated to the memory of Owen Peterson Bricker III (1936-2011) and serves as a tribute to his life and career. Owen had a distinguished and productive research career in both academics at Johns Hopkins University (Fig. 1) and as a public servant with the Maryland Geological Survey, the US Environmental Protection Agency, and the US Geological Survey. He was a pioneer and leader in aqueous geochemistry, who applied a study approach that quantified mineral weathering reactions and equilibrium thermodynamic relations to better understand the chemical evolution of stream water in small watersheds. He will be especially remembered for his efforts to establish rigorous field studies in small catchments around the United States as a means of quantifying the sources of acid-neutralizing capacity that affect the chemical status and biological health of natural waters.
C1 [Bricker, Suzanne B.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Mackenzie, Fred T.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Baron, Jill S.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Baron, Jill S.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Price, Jason R.] Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Millersville, PA 17551 USA.
RP Bricker, SB (reprint author), NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Suzanne.Bricker@noaa.gov; fredm@soest.hawaii.edu; jill_baron@usgs.gov;
Jason.Price@millersville.edu
RI Baron, Jill/C-5270-2016
OI Baron, Jill/0000-0002-5902-6251
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1380-6165
EI 1573-1421
J9 AQUAT GEOCHEM
JI Aquat. Geochem.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2-3
BP 81
EP 86
DI 10.1007/s10498-014-9229-8
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE6SG
UT WOS:000334124200001
ER
PT J
AU Stallard, RF
Murphy, SF
AF Stallard, Robert F.
Murphy, Sheila F.
TI A Unified Assessment of Hydrologic and Biogeochemical Responses in
Research Watersheds in Eastern Puerto Rico Using Runoff-Concentration
Relations
SO AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Concentration-runoff relations; Watershed biogeochemistry; Tropical
hydrology; Tropical biogeochemistry; Soil hydrology; Weathering
processes
ID LUQUILLO-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; MODELING STREAMWATER
CHEMISTRY; SOILWATER END-MEMBERS; LANDSLIDE SCARS; CATCHMENT; DISCHARGE;
FLOW; GENERATION; PATTERNS
AB An examination of the relation between runoff rate, R, and concentration, C, of twelve major constituents in four small watersheds in eastern Puerto Rico demonstrates a consistent pattern of responses. For solutes that are not substantially bioactive (alkalinity, silica, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and chloride), the log(R)-log(C) relation is almost linear and can be described as a weighted average of two sources, bedrock weathering and atmospheric deposition. The slope of the relation for each solute depends on the respective source contributions to the total river load. If a solute were strictly derived from bedrock weathering, the slope would be -0.3 to -0.4, whereas if strictly derived from atmospheric deposition, the slope would be approximately -0.1. The bioactive constituents (dissolved organic carbon, nitrate, sulfate, and potassium), which are recycled by plants and concentrated in shallow soil, demonstrate nearly flat or downward-arched log(R)-log(C) relations. The peak of the arch represents a transition from dominantly soil-matrix flow to near-surface macropore flow, and finally to overland flow. At highest observed R (80 to > 90 mm/h), essentially all reactive surfaces have become wetted, and the input rate of C becomes independent of R (log(R)-log(C) slope of -1). The highest R are tenfold greater than any previous study. Slight clockwise hysteresis for many solutes in the rivers with riparian zones or substantial hyporheic flows indicates that these settings may act as mixing end-members. Particulate constituents (suspended sediment and particulate organic carbon) show slight clockwise hysteresis, indicating mobilization of stored sediment during rising stage.
C1 [Stallard, Robert F.; Murphy, Sheila F.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Stallard, RF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St Ste E127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM stallard@usgs.gov
RI Stallard, Robert/H-2649-2013
OI Stallard, Robert/0000-0001-8209-7608
FU US Geological Survey
FX We thank all of our colleagues who have helped with this research, far
too many to list here. This work was supported by the US Geological
Survey, primarily the Water Mission Area's National Research Program and
the Climate and Land Use Change Mission Area. Doug Burns and two
anonymous reviewers provided many helpful suggestions and comments.
NR 49
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 25
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1380-6165
EI 1573-1421
J9 AQUAT GEOCHEM
JI Aquat. Geochem.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2-3
BP 115
EP 139
DI 10.1007/s10498-013-9216-5
PG 25
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE6SG
UT WOS:000334124200003
ER
PT J
AU White, AF
AF White, Art F.
TI Chemical Weathering of Pleistocene Glacial Outwash Sediments: A
Comparison of Contemporary and Long-term Rates for Soils and
Groundwaters
SO AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Weathering rates; Plagioclase; Soil water; Ground water; Gradients;
Solubility
ID SANDY SILICATE AQUIFER; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; MINERALOGIC CONTROLS;
LUQUILLO MOUNTAINS; GRANITIC ALLUVIUM; ALLEQUASH BASIN; PUERTO-RICO;
SANTA-CRUZ; EVOLUTION; CHRONOSEQUENCE
AB Pore water solutes increase to depths of up to six meters in unsaturated 10 kyr-old glacial outwash sediments in the Trout Lake Basin of northern Wisconsin, USA. After correction for evapotranspiration, these increases reflect weathering gradients produced from plagioclase, calc-magnesium pyroxenes, and amphiboles. In spite of relatively abundant K-feldspar, solute K and Rb reflect negative gradients produced by nutrient plant uptake and cycling. Weathering rates are calculated from solute gradients (b (solute)), hydraulic fluxes (q (h) ), volumetric BET surface areas (S (v) ), and mineral-specific stoichiometric coefficients (beta) such that Average plagioclase weathering rates (R (plag) = 1.6-3.1 x 10(-15) mol m(-2) s(-1)) bracket rates calculated for other Quaternary glaciated landscapes. Deeper soil pore waters are as chemically concentrated as underlying groundwaters which, based on hydrologic analyses, have traveled distances up to several kilometers over transient times of hundreds of years. Pore water recharge essentially sets solute compositions close to thermodynamic saturation, thus limiting additional weathering potential along these ground water flow paths. Solid-state elemental and mineral gradients, unlike solute gradients, are essentially invariant with soil depth, reflecting low weathering intensities produced over the relatively short geologic time since sediment deposition. A spreadsheet calculator reproduces modest mass loses from such profiles and indicates that present-day weathering is kinetically and not saturation/transport controlled.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP White, AF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM afwhite@usgs.gov
FU U. S. G. S. Water, Energy, Biogeochemical Budget (WEBB) program
FX The author thanks the staff of the US Geological Survey Wisconsin
Science Center, in particular, John Walker, Randy Hunt and David
Krabbenhoft for numerous helpful discussions and significant field
support. Analytical contributions were made by Davidson Vivit, Thomas
Bullen, and Marjorie Schulz at the U. S. G. S. at Menlo Park,
California. The author also gratefully acknowledges the inspiration that
Dr. Owen Bricker made to the author's research as well as to the overall
field of environmental geochemistry. This work was supported by the U.
S. G. S. Water, Energy, Biogeochemical Budget (WEBB) program.
NR 51
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1380-6165
EI 1573-1421
J9 AQUAT GEOCHEM
JI Aquat. Geochem.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2-3
BP 141
EP 165
DI 10.1007/s10498-013-9220-9
PG 25
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE6SG
UT WOS:000334124200004
ER
PT J
AU Peters, NE
Burns, DA
Aulenbach, BT
AF Peters, Norman E.
Burns, Douglas A.
Aulenbach, Brent T.
TI Evaluation of High-Frequency Mean Streamwater Transit-Time Estimates
Using Groundwater Age and Dissolved Silica Concentrations in a Small
Forested Watershed
SO AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Panola Mountain Research Watershed; Transit time; Weathering; Silica
concentration; Tritium/helium; Watershed storage; Groundwater; Stormflow
ID BASE-FLOW; HYDROGRAPH SEPARATION; PIEDMONT CATCHMENT; ISOTOPIC TRACERS;
GEORGIA; USA; STREAMFLOW; CHEMISTRY; EVOLUTION; MODELS
AB Many previous investigations of mean streamwater transit times (MTT) have been limited by an inability to quantify the MTT dynamics. Here, we draw on (1) a linear relation (r (2) = 0.97) between groundwater H-3/He-3 ages and dissolved silica (Si) concentrations, combined with (2) predicted streamwater Si concentrations from a multiple-regression relation (R (2) = 0.87) to estimate MTT at 5-min intervals for a 23-year time series of streamflow [water year (WY) 1986 through 2008] at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia. The time-based average MTT derived from the 5-min data was similar to 8.4 +/- A 2.9 years and the volume-weighted (VW) MTT was similar to 4.7 years for the study period, reflecting the importance of younger runoff water during high flow. The 5-min MTTs are normally distributed and ranged from 0 to 15 years. Monthly VW MTTs averaged 7.0 +/- A 3.3 years and ranged from 4 to 6 years during winter and 8-10 years during summer. The annual VW MTTs averaged 5.6 +/- A 2.0 years and ranged from similar to 5 years during wet years (2003 and 2005) to > 10 years during dry years (2002 and 2008). Stormflows are composed of much younger water than baseflows, and although stormflow only occurs similar to 17 % of the time, this runoff fraction contributed 39 % of the runoff during the 23-year study period. Combining the 23-year VW MTT (including stormflow) with the annual average baseflow for the period (similar to 212 mm) indicates that active groundwater storage is similar to 1,000 mm. However, the groundwater storage ranged from 1,040 to 1,950 mm using WY baseflow and WY VW MTT. The approach described herein may be applicable to other watersheds underlain by granitoid bedrock, where weathering is the dominant control on Si concentrations in soils, groundwater, and streamwater.
C1 [Peters, Norman E.; Aulenbach, Brent T.] US Geol Survey, Georgia Water Sci Ctr, Norcross, GA 30093 USA.
[Burns, Douglas A.] US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
RP Peters, NE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Georgia Water Sci Ctr, 1770 Corp Dr,Suite 500, Norcross, GA 30093 USA.
EM ne_peters@mac.com
RI Aulenbach, Brent/A-5848-2008
OI Aulenbach, Brent/0000-0003-2863-1288
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Water, Energy and Biogeochemical Budgets
Program
FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey's
Water, Energy and Biogeochemical Budgets Program and was conducted in
cooperation with the Georgia Department of Natural Resources. This
manuscript is dedicated to Owen P. Bricker, who was a mentor and friend,
and was instrumental in establishing the hydrological and biogeochemical
research at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed during the early
1980s. The authors are grateful for the support provided by the staff of
Panola Mountain State Park and by several students who have pursued
advanced degrees from data they collected and/or analyzed from PMRW. We
are grateful to Prof. Martyn Tranter for discussions regarding volume
weighting of the transit times.
NR 55
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1380-6165
EI 1573-1421
J9 AQUAT GEOCHEM
JI Aquat. Geochem.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2-3
BP 183
EP 202
DI 10.1007/s10498-013-9207-6
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE6SG
UT WOS:000334124200006
ER
PT J
AU Rice, KC
Price, JR
AF Rice, Karen C.
Price, Jason R.
TI Comparison of Mineral Weathering and Biomass Macronutrient Uptake in Two
Small Forested Watersheds Underlain by Quartzite Bedrock, Catoctin
Mountain, Maryland, USA
SO AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mass balance; Chemical weathering; Quartzite; Small forested watershed;
Catoctin Mountain; Maryland, USA
ID GEOCHEMICAL MASS-BALANCES; SOUTHERN BLUE RIDGE; PUERTO-RICO;
NORTH-CAROLINA; RATES; CHEMISTRY; APPALACHIANS; TOPOGRAPHY; CATCHMENT;
DIORITE
AB To quantify chemical weathering and biological uptake, mass-balance calculations were performed on two small forested watersheds located in the Blue Ridge Physiographic Province in north-central Maryland, USA. Both watersheds, Bear Branch (BB) and Fishing Creek Tributary (FCT), are underlain by relatively unreactive quartzite bedrock. Such unreactive bedrock and associated low chemical-weathering rates offer the opportunity to quantify biological processes operating within the watershed. Hydrologic and stream-water chemistry data were collected from the two watersheds for the 9-year period from June 1, 1990 to May 31, 1999. Of the two watersheds, FCT exhibited both higher chemical-weathering rates and biomass nutrient uptake rates, suggesting that forest biomass aggradation was limited by the rate of chemical weathering of the bedrock. Although the chemical-weathering rate in the FCT watershed was low relative to the global average, it masked the influence of biomass base-cation uptake on stream-water chemistry. Any differences in bedrock mineralogy between the two watersheds did not exert a significant influence on the overall weathering stoichiometry. The difference in chemical-weathering rates between the two watersheds is best explained by a larger proportion of reactive phyllitic layers within the bedrock of the FCT watershed. Although the stream gradient of BB is about two-times greater than that of FCT, its influence on chemical weathering appears to be negligible. The findings of this study support the biomass nutrient uptake stoichiometry of K1.0Mg1.1Ca0.97 previously determined for the study site. Investigations of the chemical weathering of relatively unreactive quartzite bedrock may provide insight into critical zone processes.
C1 [Rice, Karen C.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Rice, Karen C.] Univ Virginia, US Geol Survey, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[Price, Jason R.] Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Earth Sci, Millersville, PA 17551 USA.
RP Rice, KC (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, POB 400123, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM kcrice@usgs.gov
RI Rice, Karen/A-8945-2013;
OI Rice, Karen/0000-0002-9356-5443
FU NAPAP
FX This paper is dedicated to the memory of Owen P. Bricker who had the
foresight to establish the CMRS in late 1981 and who fought for
continued funding to maintain a long-term monitoring program long after
NAPAP funding ceased. Dr. Bricker touched the lives of many in numerous
positive ways, and we are grateful that we had the pleasure of being
colleagues and friends of his and were able to benefit from his
unfailing mentorship. We thank Scott Southworth and David Spears for
discussions of Blue Ridge geology. We appreciate reviews of a previous
version of the manuscript by Milan Pavich, Thomas Bullen, and an
anonymous journal reviewer.
NR 46
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1380-6165
EI 1573-1421
J9 AQUAT GEOCHEM
JI Aquat. Geochem.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2-3
BP 225
EP 242
DI 10.1007/s10498-013-9205-8
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE6SG
UT WOS:000334124200008
ER
PT J
AU Busenberg, E
Plummer, LN
AF Busenberg, Eurybiades
Plummer, L. Niel
TI A 17-Year Record of Environmental Tracers in Spring Discharge,
Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA: Use of Climatic Data and
Environmental Conditions to Interpret Discharge, Dissolved Solutes, and
Tracer Concentrations
SO AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Shenandoah National Park; Springs; Environmental tracers; Groundwater
age; SF6 age
ID GEOCHEMICAL MASS-BALANCES; SOUTHERN BLUE RIDGE; UNSATURATED ZONE;
WEATHERING RATES; GROUND-WATER; FORESTED WATERSHEDS; GRENVILLE OROGEN;
HEMLOCK FORESTS; TIME SCALES; OSCILLATION
AB A 17-year record (1995-2012) of a suite of environmental tracer concentrations in discharge from 34 springs located along the crest of the Blue Ridge Mountains in Shenandoah National Park (SNP), Virginia, USA, reveals patterns and trends that can be related to climatic and environmental conditions. These data include a 12-year time series of monthly sampling at five springs, with measurements of temperature, specific conductance, pH, and discharge recorded at 30-min intervals. The monthly measurements include age tracers (CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-13, SF6, and SF5CF3), dissolved gases (N-2, O-2, Ar, CO2, and CH4), stable isotopes of water, and major and trace inorganic constituents. The chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) concentrations (in pptv) in spring discharge closely follow the concurrent monthly measurements of their atmospheric mixing ratios measured at the Air Monitoring Station at Big Meadows, SNP, indicating waters 0-3 years in age. A 2-year (2001-2003) record of unsaturated zone air displayed seasonal deviations from North American Air of +/- 10 % for CFC-11 and CFC-113, with excess CFC-11 and CFC-113 in peak summer and depletion in peak winter. The pattern in unsaturated zone soil CFCs is a function of gas solubility in soil water and seasonal unsaturated zone temperatures. Using the increase in the SF6 atmospheric mixing ratio, the apparent (piston flow) SF6 age of the water varied seasonally between about 0 (modern) in January and up to 3 years in July-August. The SF6 concentration and concentrations of dissolved solutes (SiO2, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl-, and HCO3 (-)) in spring discharge demonstrate a fraction of recent recharge following large precipitation events. The output of solutes in the discharge of springs minus the input from atmospheric deposition per hectare of watershed area (mol ha(-1) a(-1)) were approximately twofold greater in watersheds draining the regolith of Catoctin metabasalts than that of granitic gneisses and granitoid crystalline rocks. The stable isotopic composition of water in spring discharge broadly correlates with the Oceanic Nio Index. Below normal precipitation and enriched stable isotopic composition were observed during El Nio years.
C1 [Busenberg, Eurybiades; Plummer, L. Niel] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Busenberg, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 432, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM ebusenbe@usgs.gov
OI Plummer, L. Niel/0000-0002-4020-1013
FU US Geological Survey National Research Program; Office of Groundwater
FX This study was conducted in cooperation with the National Park Service.
The work was supported by the US Geological Survey National Research
Program and Office of Groundwater. Air samples were collected by Shane
Spitzer and Elizabeth Garcia, Shenandoah National Park at the Big
Meadows Air Monitoring Station. Meteorological data were provided by the
National Park Service Air Resources Division. We thank Tyler B. Coplen,
US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, for stable isotope data. Field
assistance from Julian E. Wayland, Gerolamo C. Casile, Michael W.
Doughten, and Peggy K. Widman (USGS, Reston, VA) is gratefully
acknowledged. We thank Julian Wayland for chlorofluorocarbon analyses,
Peggy K. Widman for dissolved N2, and Ar analyses, Gerolamo
C. Casile for the SF6 analyses, Michael W. Doughten for water
chemistry analyses, and David L. Nelms for the map of the study area.
The manuscript was greatly improved by the reviews of David L. Nelms,
Jason R. Price, and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 78
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1380-6165
EI 1573-1421
J9 AQUAT GEOCHEM
JI Aquat. Geochem.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2-3
BP 267
EP 290
DI 10.1007/s10498-013-9202-y
PG 24
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE6SG
UT WOS:000334124200010
ER
PT J
AU Bricker, SB
Rice, KC
Bricker, OP
AF Bricker, Suzanne B.
Rice, Karen C.
Bricker, Owen P., III
TI From Headwaters to Coast: Influence of Human Activities on Water Quality
of the Potomac River Estuary
SO AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nutrients; Eutrophication; Nitrogen load; Headwater streams; Shellfish
aquaculture; Nutrient bioextraction
ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; SHELLFISH AQUACULTURE; HISTORICAL-PERSPECTIVE; NUTRIENT
ENRICHMENT; EUTROPHICATION; NITROGEN; MANAGEMENT; FISHERIES; SYSTEMS;
USA
AB The natural aging process of Chesapeake Bay and its tributary estuaries has been accelerated by human activities around the shoreline and within the watershed, increasing sediment and nutrient loads delivered to the bay. Riverine nutrients cause algal growth in the bay leading to reductions in light penetration with consequent declines in sea grass growth, smothering of bottom-dwelling organisms, and decreases in bottom-water dissolved oxygen as algal blooms decay. Historically, bay waters were filtered by oysters, but declines in oyster populations from overfishing and disease have led to higher concentrations of fine-sediment particles and phytoplankton in the water column. Assessments of water and biological resource quality in Chesapeake Bay and tributaries, such as the Potomac River, show a continual degraded state. In this paper, we pay tribute to Owen Bricker's comprehensive, holistic scientific perspective using an approach that examines the connection between watershed and estuary. We evaluated nitrogen inputs from Potomac River headwaters, nutrient-related conditions within the estuary, and considered the use of shellfish aquaculture as an in-the-water nutrient management measure. Data from headwaters, nontidal, and estuarine portions of the Potomac River watershed and estuary were analyzed to examine the contribution from different parts of the watershed to total nitrogen loads to the estuary. An eutrophication model was applied to these data to evaluate eutrophication status and changes since the early 1990s and for comparison to regional and national conditions. A farm-scale aquaculture model was applied and results scaled to the estuary to determine the potential for shellfish (oyster) aquaculture to mediate eutrophication impacts. Results showed that (1) the contribution to nitrogen loads from headwater streams is small (about 2 %) of total inputs to the Potomac River Estuary; (2) eutrophic conditions in the Potomac River Estuary have improved in the upper estuary since the early 1990s, but have worsened in the lower estuary. The overall system-wide eutrophication impact is high, despite a decrease in nitrogen loads from the upper basin and declining surface water nitrate nitrogen concentrations over that period; (3) eutrophic conditions in the Potomac River Estuary are representative of Chesapeake Bay region and other US estuaries; moderate to high levels of nutrient-related degradation occur in about 65 % of US estuaries, particularly river-dominated low-flow systems such as the Potomac River Estuary; and (4) shellfish (oyster) aquaculture could remove eutrophication impacts directly from the estuary through harvest but should be considered a complement-not a substitute-for land-based measures. The total nitrogen load could be removed if 40 % of the Potomac River Estuary bottom was in shellfish cultivation; a combination of aquaculture and restoration of oyster reefs may provide larger benefits.
C1 [Bricker, Suzanne B.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Rice, Karen C.] US Geol Survey, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[Rice, Karen C.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[Bricker, Owen P., III] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Bricker, SB (reprint author), NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Suzanne.Bricker@noaa.gov
RI Rice, Karen/A-8945-2013;
OI Rice, Karen/0000-0002-9356-5443
NR 97
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 84
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1380-6165
EI 1573-1421
J9 AQUAT GEOCHEM
JI Aquat. Geochem.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2-3
BP 291
EP 323
DI 10.1007/s10498-014-9226-y
PG 33
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE6SG
UT WOS:000334124200011
ER
PT J
AU Murdoch, PS
McHale, M
Baron, J
AF Murdoch, Peter S.
McHale, Michael
Baron, Jill
TI Reflections on a Vision for Integrated Research and Monitoring After 15
Years
SO AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Environmental monitoring and research; Dr. Owen P. Bricker; Ecosystem
change; Climate change; Adaptive management science; Environmental
indicators; Integrated environmental monitoring networks;
Interdisciplinary science
ID NITROGEN; ECOSYSTEMS; DEPOSITION; PROGRAM; STREAMS; FORESTS; BASIN;
LAND; US
AB In May of 1998, Owen Bricker and his co-author Michael Ruggiero introduced a conceptual design for integrating the Nation's environmental research and monitoring programs. The Framework for Integrated Monitoring and Related Research was an organizing strategy for relating data collected by various programs, at multiple spatial and temporal scales, and by multiple science disciplines to solve complex ecological issues that individual research or monitoring programs were not designed to address. The concept nested existing intensive monitoring and research stations within national and regional surveys, remotely sensed data, and inventories to produce a collaborative program for multi-scale, multi-network integrated environmental monitoring and research. Analyses of gaps in data needed for specific issues would drive decisions on network improvements or enhancements. Data contributions to the Framework from existing networks would help indicate critical research and monitoring programs to protect during budget reductions. Significant progress has been made since 1998 on refining the Framework strategy. Methods and models for projecting scientific information across spatial and temporal scales have been improved, and a few regional pilots of multi-scale data-integration concepts have been attempted. The links between science and decision-making are also slowly improving and being incorporated into science practice. Experiments with the Framework strategy since 1998 have revealed the foundational elements essential to its successful implementation, such as defining core measurements, establishing standards of data collection and management, integrating research and long-term monitoring, and describing baseline ecological conditions. They have also shown us the remaining challenges to establishing the Framework concept: protecting and enhancing critical long-term monitoring, filling gaps in measurement methods, improving science for decision support, and integrating the disparate integrated science efforts now underway. In the 15 years since the Bricker and Ruggiero (Ecol Appl 8(2):326-329, 1998) paper challenged us with a new paradigm for bringing sound and comprehensive science to environmental decisions, the scientific community can take pride in the progress that has been made, while also taking stock of the challenges ahead for completing the Framework vision.
C1 [Baron, Jill] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Murdoch, PS (reprint author), 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM pmurdoch@usgs.gov
NR 68
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1380-6165
EI 1573-1421
J9 AQUAT GEOCHEM
JI Aquat. Geochem.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2-3
BP 363
EP 380
DI 10.1007/s10498-013-9222-7
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE6SG
UT WOS:000334124200014
ER
PT J
AU Madenjian, CP
Stapanian, MA
Cott, PA
Rediske, RR
O'Keefe, JP
AF Madenjian, C. P.
Stapanian, M. A.
Cott, P. A.
Rediske, R. R.
O'Keefe, J. P.
TI Polychlorinated Biphenyl Concentrations of Burbot Lota lota From Great
Slave Lake Are Very Low but Vary by Sex
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; PCB CONCENTRATIONS; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS;
DIFFERENCE; FISH; POPULATION; ONTARIO; ERIE; AGE
AB Total polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations (I PCBs) pound in whole fish were determined for 18 ripe female burbot Lota lota and 14 ripe male burbot from Great Slave Lake, a lake with no known point sources of PCBs. In addition, I PCBs pound were determined in both somatic tissue and gonads for a randomly selected subset of 5 females and 5 males. Mean I PCBs pound for females and males were 2.89 and 3.76 ng/g, respectively. Thus, males had 30 % greater I PCBs pound than females. Based on I PCB pound determinations for somatic tissue and gonads, I PCBs pound of females and males would be expected to decrease by 18 % and increase by 6 %, respectively, immediately after spawning due to the release of gametes. Results from a previous study in eastern Lake Erie indicated that males had 28 and 71 % greater I PCBs pound than females from populations of younger (ages 6-13 years) and older (ages 14-17 years) burbot, respectively. Thus, although younger burbot from Lake Erie had approximately 50 times greater I PCBs pound than Great Slave Lake burbot, the relative difference in I PCBs pound between the sexes was remarkably similar across both populations. Our results supported the contention that the widening of the difference in I PCBs pound between the sexes in older burbot from Lake Erie was attributable to a "hot spot" effect operating on older burbot because Lake Erie has received PCB point source loadings. Our results also supported the contention that male fish expend energy at a rate between 15 and 30 % greater than females. Eventually, these results will be useful in developing sex-specific bioenergetics models for fish.
C1 [Madenjian, C. P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Stapanian, M. A.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Cott, P. A.] Wilfred Laurier Univ, Laurier GNWT Partnership, Yellowknife, NT X1A 2P2, Canada.
[Rediske, R. R.; O'Keefe, J. P.] Grand Valley State Univ, Annis Water Resources Inst, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
RP Madenjian, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM cmadenjian@usgs.gov
OI Stapanian, Martin/0000-0001-8173-4273
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
EI 1432-0703
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 66
IS 4
BP 529
EP 537
DI 10.1007/s00244-014-0015-9
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AE8QU
UT WOS:000334267200006
PM 24633047
ER
PT J
AU Pigati, JS
Rech, JA
Quade, J
Bright, J
AF Pigati, Jeffrey S.
Rech, Jason A.
Quade, Jay
Bright, Jordon
TI Desert wetlands in the geologic record
SO EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Ground water; Wetland; Paleohydrology; Ostracodes; Desert; Paleoclimate
ID SOUTHERN GREAT-BASIN; CENTRAL ATACAMA DESERT; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA;
FRESH-WATER; DISCHARGE DEPOSITS; EXTENDED DROUGHT; OLDUVAI-GORGE; MOJAVE
DESERT; GRAND-CANYON; DEATH-VALLEY
AB Desert wetlands support flora and fauna in a variety of hydrologic settings, including seeps, springs, marshes, wet meadows, ponds, and spring pools. Overtime, eolian, alluvial, and fluvial sediments become trapped in these settings by a combination of wet ground conditions and dense plant cover. The result is a unique combination of clastic sediments, chemical precipitates, and organic matter that is preserved in the geologic record as groundwater discharge (GWD) deposits. GWD deposits contain information on the timing and magnitude of past changes in water-table levels and, therefore, are a potential source of paleohydrologic and paleoclimatic information. In addition, they can be important archeological and paleontological archives because desert wetlands provide reliable sources of fresh water, and thus act as focal points for human and faunal activities, in some of the world's harshest and driest lands. Here, we review some of the physical, sedimentological, and geochemical characteristics common to GWD deposits, and provide a contextual framework that researchers can use to identity and interpret geologic deposits associated with desert wetlands. We discuss several lines of evidence used to differentiate GWD deposits from lake deposits (they are commonly confused), and examine how various types of microbiota and depositional facies aid in reconstructing past environmental and hydrologic conditions. We also review how late Quaternary GWD deposits are dated, as well as methods used to investigate desert wetlands deeper in geologic time. We end by evaluating the strengths and limitations of hydrologic and climatic records derived from GWD deposits, and suggest several avenues of potential future research to further develop and utilize these unique and complex systems. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Pigati, Jeffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Rech, Jason A.] Miami Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Earth Sci, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
[Quade, Jay; Bright, Jordon] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Pigati, JS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS-980, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jpigati@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change Research and
Development Program
FX We thank Paco van Sistine (USGS, Denver) for assistance with drafting
Fig. 2. This manuscript benefited from constructive reviews by Gene
Ellis, Dan Muhs, Dave Miller, and an anonymous reviewer. This project
was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change
Research and Development Program.
NR 118
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 6
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-8252
EI 1872-6828
J9 EARTH-SCI REV
JI Earth-Sci. Rev.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 132
BP 67
EP 81
DI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.02.001
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AE6FT
UT WOS:000334086700004
ER
PT J
AU Neuswanger, J
Wipfli, MS
Rosenberger, AE
Hughes, NF
AF Neuswanger, Jason
Wipfli, Mark S.
Rosenberger, Amanda E.
Hughes, Nicholas F.
TI Mechanisms of drift-feeding behavior in juvenile Chinook salmon and the
role of inedible debris in a clear-water Alaskan stream
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Drift feeding; Debris; Foraging theory; Chinook salmon; Stream; Prey
detection; Signal detection
ID INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL; NET ENERGY-INTAKE; BROWN TROUT; RAINBOW-TROUT;
SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; VISUAL-SEARCH; BROOK CHARR; COHO SALMON;
ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; SELECTIVE PREDATION
AB Drift-feeding fish are challenged to discriminate between prey and similar-sized particles of debris, which are ubiquitous even in clear-water streams. Spending time and energy pursuing debris mistaken as prey could affect fish growth and the fitness potential of different foraging strategies. Our goal was to determine the extent to which debris influences drift-feeding fish in clear water under low-flow conditions when the distracting effect of debris should be at a minimum. We used high-definition video to measure the reactions of drift-feeding juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to natural debris and prey in situ in the Chena River, Alaska. Among all potential food items fish pursued, 52 % were captured and quickly expelled from the mouth, 39 % were visually inspected but not captured, and only 9 % were ingested. Foraging attempt rate was only moderately correlated with ingestion rate (Kendall's tau = 0.55), raising concerns about the common use of foraging attempts as a presumed index of foraging success. The total time fish spent handling debris increased linearly with foraging attempt rate and ranged between 4 and 25 % of total foraging time among observed groups. Our results help motivate a revised theoretical view of drift feeding that emphasizes prey detection and discrimination, incorporating ideas from signal detection theory and the study of visual attention in cognitive ecology. We discuss how these ideas could lead to better explanations and predictions of the spatial behavior, prey selection, and energy intake of drift-feeding fish.
C1 [Neuswanger, Jason] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Rosenberger, Amanda E.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Hughes, Nicholas F.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Neuswanger, J (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, POB 756100, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM jason@troutnut.com
FU Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon Initiative; Institute of
Arctic Biology, Alaska EPSCoR NSF [OIA-1208927]; state of Alaska;
Department of Biology and College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics at
the University of Alaska Fairbanks
FX This work was supported by the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon
Initiative, the Institute of Arctic Biology, Alaska EPSCoR NSF award
#OIA-1208927 and the state of Alaska, and the Department of Biology and
College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics at the University of Alaska
Fairbanks. David Neuswanger, Milo Adkison, and three anonymous reviewers
helpfully critiqued this manuscript. This work was conducted under IACUC
protocols #134754-1 and #175627-1. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 52
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 97
IS 5
SI SI
BP 489
EP 503
DI 10.1007/s10641-014-0227-x
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AE6SU
UT WOS:000334126100005
ER
PT J
AU Mahler, BJ
Van Metre, PC
Foreman, WT
AF Mahler, Barbara J.
Van Metre, Peter C.
Foreman, William T.
TI Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and azaarenes
in runoff from coal-tar- and asphalt-sealcoated pavement
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH); Azaarene; Urban runoff; Pavement
sealcoat; Coal tar
ID PARKING LOT SEALCOAT; UNRECOGNIZED SOURCE; DERIVATIVES; TOXICITY;
PRODUCTS
AB Coal-tar-based sealcoat, used extensively on parking lots and driveways in North America, is a potent source of PAHs. We investigated how concentrations and assemblages of PAHs and azaarenes in runoff from pavement newly sealed with coal-tar-based (CT) or asphalt-based (AS) sealcoat changed over time. Samples of simulated runoff were collected from pavement 5 h to 111 d following application of AS or CT sealcoat. Concentrations of the sum of 16 PAHs (median concentrations of 328 and 35 mu g/L for CT and AS runoff, respectively) in runoff varied relatively little, but rapid decreases in concentrations of azaarenes and low molecular weight PAHs were offset by increases in high molecular weight PAHs. The results demonstrate that runoff from CT-sealcoated pavement, in particular, continues to contain elevated concentrations of PAHs long after a 24-h curing time, with implications for the fate, transport, and ecotoxicological effects of contaminants in runoff from CT-sealcoated pavement. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Mahler, Barbara J.; Van Metre, Peter C.] US Geol Survey, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
[Foreman, William T.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Mahler, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
EM bjmahler@usgs.gov; pcvanmet@usgs.gov; wforeman@usgs.gov
OI Mahler, Barbara/0000-0002-9150-9552; Van Metre,
Peter/0000-0001-7564-9814
NR 31
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 188
BP 81
EP 87
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.01.008
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE5AU
UT WOS:000334001000011
PM 24556229
ER
PT J
AU Ford, KL
Beyer, WN
AF Ford, Karl L.
Beyer, W. Nelson
TI Soil criteria to protect terrestrial wildlife and open-range livestock
from metal toxicity at mining sites (vol 186, pg 1899, 2014)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Ford, Karl L.] Bur Land Management, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Beyer, W. Nelson] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Beyer, WN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC East,Bldg 308,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM nbeyer@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
EI 1573-2959
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 186
IS 5
BP 3297
EP 3297
DI 10.1007/s10661-014-3614-z
PG 1
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE2KG
UT WOS:000333801200050
ER
PT J
AU Ghahari, SF
Abazarsa, F
Ghannad, MA
Celebi, M
Taciroglu, E
AF Ghahari, S. F.
Abazarsa, F.
Ghannad, M. A.
Celebi, M.
Taciroglu, E.
TI Blind modal identification of structures from spatially sparse seismic
response signals
SO STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING
LA English
DT Article
DE blind identification; output-only identification; sparse
instrumentation; seismic response; time-frequency distributions
ID TIME-FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTIONS; SOURCE SEPARATION; SYSTEM-IDENTIFICATION;
REPRESENTATIONS; ALGORITHM; MODELS; DOMAIN; PART
AB Response-only identification of civil structures has attracted much attention during recent years, as input excitations are rarely measurable for ambient vibrations. Although various techniques have been developed by which identification can be carried out using ambient responses, these techniques are generally not applicable to non-stationary excitations that structures experience during moderate-to-severe earthquakes. Recently, the authors proposed a new response-only modal identification method that is applicable to strong shaking data. This new method is highly attractive for cases in which the true input motions are unavailable. For example, when soil-structure interaction effects are non-negligible, neither the free-field motions nor the recorded foundation responses may be assumed as input. Even in the absence of soil-structure interaction, in many instances, the foundation responses are not recorded (or are recorded with low signal-to-noise ratios). Thus far, the said method has been only applicable to fully instrumented systems wherein the number of sensors is equal to or greater than the number of active modes. In this study, we offer various improvements, including an extension that enables the treatment of sparsely instrumented systems. Specifically, a cluster-based underdetermined time-frequency method is employed at judiciously selected auto-source points to determine the mode shapes. The mode shape matrix identified in this manner is not square, which precludes the use of simple matrix inversion to extract the modal coordinates. As such, natural frequencies and damping ratios are identified from the recovered modal coordinates' time-frequency distributions using a subspace method. Simulated data are used for verifying the proposed identification method. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Ghahari, S. F.; Ghannad, M. A.] Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Tehran, Iran.
[Abazarsa, F.] Int Inst Earthquake Engn & Seismol, Dept Struct Engn, Tehran, Iran.
[Celebi, M.] USGS, ESC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Taciroglu, E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Taciroglu, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM etacir@ucla.edu
NR 48
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1545-2255
EI 1545-2263
J9 STRUCT CONTROL HLTH
JI Struct. Control. Health Monit.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 5
BP 649
EP 674
DI 10.1002/stc.1593
PG 26
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Instruments &
Instrumentation
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Instruments &
Instrumentation
GA AE1AT
UT WOS:000333698300001
ER
PT J
AU Cruikshank, DP
Ore, CMD
Clark, RN
Pendleton, YJ
AF Cruikshank, Dale P.
Ore, Cristina M. Dalle
Clark, Roger N.
Pendleton, Yvonne J.
TI Aromatic and aliphatic organic materials on Iapetus: Analysis of Cassini
VIMS data
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Iapetus; Organic chemistry; Satellites, composition; Saturn, satellites
ID DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; INFRARED MAPPING SPECTROMETER; SATURNS MOON
PHOEBE; 3.4 MU-M; EMISSION FEATURES; IRREGULAR SATELLITES;
INTERPLANETARY DUST; SURFACE-COMPOSITION; HYDROCARBONS PAHS; ION
IRRADIATION
AB We present a quantitative analysis of the hydrocarbon and other organic molecular inventory as a component of the low-albedo material of Saturn's satellite Iapetus, based on a revision of the calibration of the Cassini VIMS instrument. Our study uses hyperspectral data from a mosaic of Iapetus' surface (Pinilla-Alonso, N., Roush, T.L., Marzo, G.A., Cruikshank, D.P., Dalle Ore, C.M. [2011]. Icarus 215, 75-82) constructed from VIMS data on a close fly-by of the satellite. We extracted 2235 individual spectra of the low-albedo regions, and with a clustering analysis tool (Dalle Ore, C.M., Cruikshank, D.P., Clark, R.N. 120121 Icarus 221, 735-743), separated them into two spectrally distinct groups, one concentrated on the leading hemisphere of Iapetus, and the other group on the trailing. This distribution is broadly consistent with that found from Cassini ISS data analyzed by Denk et al. (Denk, T. et al. [2010]. Science 327, 435-439). We modeled the average spectra of the two geographic regions using the materials and techniques described by Clark et al. (Clark, R.N., Cruikshank, D.P., Jaumann, R., Brown, R.H., Stephan, K, Dalle Ore, C.M., Livio, K.E., Pearson, N., Curchin, J.M., Hoefen, T.M., Buratti, B.J., Filacchione, G., Baines, ICH., Nicholson, P.D. [2012]. Icarus 218, 831-860), and after dividing the Iapetus spectrum by the model for each case, we extracted the resulting spectra in the interval 2.7-4.0 mu m for analysis of the organic molecular bands. The spectra reveal the C H stretching modes of aromatic hydrocarbons at similar to 3.28 mu m (similar to 3050 cm(-1)), plus four blended bands of aliphatic -CH2_- and -CH3 in the range similar to 3.36-3.52 mu m (similar to 2980-2840 cm(-1)). In these data, the aromatic band, probably indicating the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAR), is unusually strong in comparison to the aliphatic bands, as was found for Hyperion (Dalton, J.B., Cruikshank, D.P., Clark, R.N. [2012]. Icarus 220, 752-776; Dalle Ore, C.M., Cruikshank, D.P., Clark, R.N. [2012], op. cit.) and Phoebe (Dalle Ore, C.M., Cruikshank, D.P., Clark, R.N. [2012], op. cit.). Our Gaussian decomposition of the organic band region suggests the presence of molecular bands in addition to those noted above, specifically bands attributable to cycloalkanes, olefinic compounds, CH3OH, and N-substituted PAHs, as well as possible H-n-PAHs (PAHs with excess peripheral H atoms). In a minimalist interpretation of the Gaussian band fitting, we find the ratio of aromatic CH to aliphatic CH2 + CH3 functional groups for both the leading and trailing hemispheres of Iapetus is 10, with no clear difference between them. In the aliphatic component of the surface material, the ratio CH2/CH3 is 4.0 on the leading hemisphere and 3.0 on the trailing; both values are higher than those found in interstellar dust and other Solar System materials and the difference between the two hemispheres may be statistically significant. The superficial layer of low-albedo material on Iapetus originated in the interior of Phoebe and is being transported to and deposited on Iapetus (and Hyperion) in the current epoch via the Phoebe dust ring (Tosi, F., Turrini, D., Coradini, A., Filacchione, G., and the VIMS Team [2010]. Mon. Not. 1 Astron. Soc. 403, 1113-1130; Tamayo, D., Burns, J.A., Hamilton, D.P., Hedman, M.M. [2011]. Icarus 215, 260-278).
The PAHs on Iapetus exist in a H2O-rich environment, and consequently are subject to UV destruction by hydrogenation on short time-scales. The occurrence of this material is therefore consistent with the assertion that the deposition of the PAH-bearing dust is occurring at the present time. If the organic inventory we observe represents the interior composition of Phoebe, we may be sampling the original material from a region of the solar nebula beyond Neptune where Phoebe formed prior to its capture by Saturn (Johnson, T.V., Lunine, J.I. [2005]. Nature 435, 69-71). Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Cruikshank, Dale P.; Ore, Cristina M. Dalle; Pendleton, Yvonne J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Ore, Cristina M. Dalle] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Clark, Roger N.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Cruikshank, DP (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM dale.p.cruikshank@nasa.gov
FU NASA Cassini project; VIMS team; Cassini Data Analysis program
FX We thank Drs. Hiroshi Imanaka, U. Allamandola, M.P. Bernstein, A.G.G.M.
Tielens, Diane H. Wooden, and especially S.A. Sandford for helpful
conversations as this work progressed. This work is supported in part by
the NASA Cassini project, the VIMS team, and Cassini Data Analysis
program (R. Clark and C.M. Dalle Ore, Principal Investigators).
NR 65
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 15
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD MAY 1
PY 2014
VL 233
BP 306
EP 315
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.02.011
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE1KX
UT WOS:000333729300026
ER
PT J
AU Price, JB
Hitzman, MW
Nelson, EP
Humphrey, JD
Johnson, CA
AF Price, Jason B.
Hitzman, Murray W.
Nelson, Eric P.
Humphrey, John D.
Johnson, Craig A.
TI Wall-Rock Alteration, Structural Control, and Stable Isotope Systematics
of the High-Grade Copper Orebodies of the Kennecott District, Alaska
SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOCHEMICAL SULFATE REDUCTION; FAULT-SLIP DATA; COLLOFORM TEXTURES;
PHANEROZOIC SEAWATER; NONCOLLOIDAL ORIGIN; WRANGELL MOUNTAINS; SOUTHERN
ALASKA; SULFUR; CARBONATE; DOLOMITE
AB The Kennecott district, Alaska, contained three important copper-(silver) orebodies, Bonanza-Mother Lode, Jumbo, and Erie, and numerous other small occurrences. From 1911 to 1938, the Kennecott Copper Corporation recovered some 1.18 billion pounds (Blbs) of copper and around 9 million ounces (Moz) of silver from these deposits. The host rocks for the Kennecott deposits are part of the type section Wrangellia terrane. Ore was hosted in the Triassic (Camian) Chitistone Limestone, most of it located 20 to 40 m above the contact with the native copper-bearing Triassic (Ladinian) Nikolai Greenstone. The Bonanza-Mother Lode and Jumbo orebodies are upward-tapering veins having wide bases controlled by one or more, often subtle, bedding-parallel fault(s); they plunge downdip to the northeast with long axes approximately parallel to the direction of regional shortening. The veins hosting the orebodies occupy NE-striking oblique-slip faults with dextral and normal kinematics that were probably formed between 155 to 110 Ma during the docking of Wrangellia with North America.
The deposits consist of a paragenetically early and volumetrically minor assemblage of chalcopyrite-bomiteluzonite-covellite that precipitated between approximately 180 degrees and 110 degrees C, a dominant stage of chalcocite-djurleite that precipitated in the range of 110 degrees to 90 degrees C, and a minor late assemblage of covellite-digenite-(spionkopite/yarrowite) that probably precipitated at even lower temperatures. Wall-rock alteration includes premineral hydrothermal dolomitization and synmineral dedolomitization. Hydrothermal dolomite occurs in replacement zones one to tens of meters wide along favorable structures and stratigraphic horizons, whereas dedolomite is generally restricted to thin (<1 m) selvages along structures, within breccias, and adjacent to orebodies.
Sulfur isotope measurements on samples collected from the Bonanza and Jumbo mines, as well as from numerous smaller deposits and prospects in both the Chitistone Limestone and Nikolai Greenstone throughout the region, indicate that delta S-34 generally becomes enriched through time and paragenesis. Sulfur for the deposits was probably derived from sulfate in both the Nikolai Greenstone and the basal Chitistone Limestone that was reduced during burial and diagenesis via thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). The extremely broad range (54.1 parts per thousand) of sulfur isotope compositions, including in the main-stage chalcocite-djurleite assemblage (from -16.0 to +17.4 parts per thousand), is probably due to TSR operating on two separate sources of sulfate and limited incorporation of bacteriogenic sulfide, which was sourced from either early bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) or from dissolution of diagenetic pyrite found in the lower Chitistone Limestone.
Field and isotopic data support a model in which an oxidized fluid generated by dehydration reactions during prehnite-pumpellyite metamorphism of the Nikolai Greenstone scavenged copper and possibly sulfur from the greenstone and then moved along faults into the overlying Chitistone Limestone where it mixed with an anoxic basinal brine containing reduced sulfur Copper deposition was controlled fundamentally by redox reactions with main-stage precipitation occurring at low temperatures (<110 degrees C).
Important field criteria for the recognition of Kennecott-style deposits include any or all of the following: baroque dolomite, dedolomite, and hydrothermal breccia, particularly in association with faulted carbonate host rocks.
C1 [Price, Jason B.; Hitzman, Murray W.; Nelson, Eric P.; Humphrey, John D.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Johnson, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Price, JB (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM jprice@caltech.edu
OI Price, Jason/0000-0001-9865-603X
FU Society of Economic Geologists; Charles F. Fogarty endowment at the
Colorado School of Mines; National Park Service
FX Field work was funded by the Hickock-Radford (2001) and McKinstry (2002)
grants from the Society of Economic Geologists. Additional research
funding was provided by the Charles F. Fogarty endowment at the Colorado
School of Mines and the National Park Service.
NR 109
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 22
PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC
PI LITTLETON
PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA
SN 0361-0128
EI 1554-0774
J9 ECON GEOL
JI Econ. Geol.
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 109
IS 3
BP 581
EP 620
PG 40
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AC7BG
UT WOS:000332681400003
ER
PT J
AU Lottig, NR
Wagner, T
Henry, EN
Cheruvelil, KS
Webster, KE
Downing, JA
Stow, CA
AF Lottig, Noah R.
Wagner, Tyler
Henry, Emily Norton
Cheruvelil, Kendra Spence
Webster, Katherine E.
Downing, John A.
Stow, Craig A.
TI Long-Term Citizen-Collected Data Reveal Geographical Patterns and
Temporal Trends in Lake Water Clarity
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID MACROSYSTEMS; RESPONSES
AB We compiled a lake-water clarity database using publically available, citizen volunteer observations made between 1938 and 2012 across eight states in the Upper Midwest, USA. Our objectives were to determine (1) whether temporal trends in lake-water clarity existed across this large geographic area and (2) whether trends were related to the lake-specific characteristics of latitude, lake size, or time period the lake was monitored. Our database consisted of >140,000 individual Secchi observations from 3,251 lakes that we summarized per lake-year, resulting in 21,020 summer averages. Using Bayesian hierarchical modeling, we found approximately a 1% per year increase in water clarity (quantified as Secchi depth) for the entire population of lakes. On an individual lake basis, 7% of lakes showed increased water clarity and 4% showed decreased clarity. Trend direction and strength were related to latitude and median sample date. Lakes in the southern part of our study-region had lower average annual summer water clarity, more negative long-term trends, and greater inter-annual variability in water clarity compared to northern lakes. Increasing trends were strongest for lakes with median sample dates earlier in the period of record (1938-2012). Our ability to identify specific mechanisms for these trends is currently hampered by the lack of a large, multi-thematic database of variables that drive water clarity (e. g., climate, land use/cover). Our results demonstrate, however, that citizen science can provide the critical monitoring data needed to address environmental questions at large spatial and long temporal scales. Collaborations among citizens, research scientists, and government agencies may be important for developing the data sources and analytical tools necessary to move toward an understanding of the factors influencing macro-scale patterns such as those shown here for lake water clarity.
C1 [Lottig, Noah R.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Ctr Limnol Trout Lake Stn, Boulder Jct, WI 54512 USA.
[Wagner, Tyler] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Henry, Emily Norton; Cheruvelil, Kendra Spence] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Henry, Emily Norton] Oregon State Univ, Dept Outreach & Engagement, Tillamook, OR USA.
[Cheruvelil, Kendra Spence] Michigan State Univ, Lyman Briggs Coll, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Webster, Katherine E.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Nat Sci, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Downing, John A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA USA.
[Stow, Craig A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Lottig, NR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Ctr Limnol Trout Lake Stn, Boulder Jct, WI 54512 USA.
EM nrlottig@wisc.edu
OI Stow, Craig/0000-0001-6171-7855; Webster, Katherine/0000-0002-6009-0146
FU National Science Foundation [MSB-1065786, EF-1065818, EF-1065649];
NTL-LTER [DEB-0822700]; STRIVE from the Environmental Protection Agency,
Ireland [2011-W-FS-7]
FX Funding for this research was provided by the National Science
Foundation (MSB-1065786, EF-1065818, EF-1065649) and NTL-LTER
(DEB-0822700). K. E. W. also thanks STRIVE grant 2011-W-FS-7 from the
Environmental Protection Agency, Ireland for support. The funders had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 5
U2 34
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 30
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 4
AR e95769
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0095769
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AL1WP
UT WOS:000338917300018
PM 24788722
ER
PT J
AU Maruya, KA
Dodder, NG
Schaffner, RA
Weisberg, SB
Gregorio, D
Klosterhaus, S
Alvarez, DA
Furlong, ET
Kimbrough, KL
Lauenstein, GG
Christensen, JD
AF Maruya, Keith A.
Dodder, Nathan G.
Schaffner, Rebecca A.
Weisberg, Stephen B.
Gregorio, Dominic
Klosterhaus, Susan
Alvarez, David A.
Furlong, Edward T.
Kimbrough, Kimani L.
Lauenstein, Gunnar G.
Christensen, John D.
TI Refocusing Mussel Watch on contaminants of emerging concern (CECs): The
California pilot study (2009-10)
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Mussel Watch; Mytilus; Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs); Passive
sampling devices; California; Coastal ecosystems
ID ENVIRONMENT; WATER
AB To expand the utility of the Mussel Watch Program, local, regional and state agencies in California partnered with NOAA to design a pilot study that targeted contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). Native mussels (Mytilus spp.) from 68 stations, stratified by land use and discharge scenario, were collected in 2009-10 and analyzed for 167 individual pharmaceuticals, industrial and commercial chemicals and current use pesticides. Passive sampling devices (PSDs) and caged Mytilus were co-deployed to expand the list of CECs, and to assess the ability of PSDs to mimic bioaccumulation by Mytilus. A performance-based quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) approach was developed to ensure a high degree of data quality, consistency and comparability. Data management and analysis were streamlined and standardized using automated software tools. This pioneering study will help shape future monitoring efforts in California's coastal ecosystems, while serving as a model for monitoring CECs within the region and across the nation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Maruya, Keith A.; Dodder, Nathan G.; Schaffner, Rebecca A.; Weisberg, Stephen B.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project Author, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
[Gregorio, Dominic] Calif State Water Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[Klosterhaus, Susan] San Francisco Estuary Inst, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
[Alvarez, David A.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Furlong, Edward T.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Kimbrough, Kimani L.; Lauenstein, Gunnar G.; Christensen, John D.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Maruya, KA (reprint author), Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project Author, 3535 Harbor Blvd Suite 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
EM keithm@sccwrp.org; gglauenstein@gmail.com
RI Dodder, Nathan/C-7971-2015; Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008
OI Dodder, Nathan/0000-0001-5913-1767; Weisberg,
Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425
FU NOAA [MOA-2006-054/7001]; SWRCB Ocean Unit; SCCWRP member agencies and
the SFEI Regional Monitoring Program
FX This study was supported by NOAA MOA-2006-054/7001, and by in-kind
contributions from the SWRCB Ocean Unit, SCCWRP member agencies and the
SFEI Regional Monitoring Program. The authors wish to thank P. Salop, R.
Evans; M. Edwards, A. Jacob, E. Johnson, L Nachbar, T. Collier, R.
Callender and G. Matlock (NOAA); T. Grayson and L Huff (USEPA); J.
Kucklick (NIST), C. Beegan and E. Siegel (SWRCB); M. Sedlak, J. Davis
and R. Hoenicke (SFEI); J. Ramirez and A. Fryer (TDI-Brooks Inc.); R.
Grace, C. Navaroli (AXYS Analytical Inc.), and D. Diehl, D. Tsukada and
S. Bay (SCCWRP) for their contributions. We also thank the following
members of MARINe: R. Ambrose, J. Engle, C. Gramlich, S. Murray, P.
Raimondi, D. Richards and J. Smith, as well as the four anonymous
reviewers of the initial manuscript submission.
NR 16
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 29
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD APR 30
PY 2014
VL 81
IS 2
SI SI
BP 334
EP 339
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.04.027
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI2SH
UT WOS:000336707900006
PM 23886247
ER
PT J
AU Alvarez, DA
Maruya, KA
Dodder, NG
Lao, WJ
Furlong, ET
Smalling, KL
AF Alvarez, David A.
Maruya, Keith A.
Dodder, Nathan G.
Lao, Wenjian
Furlong, Edward T.
Smalling, Kelly L.
TI Occurrence of contaminants of emerging concern along the California
coast (2009-10) using passive sampling devices
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE POCIS; SPME; PED; Emerging contaminants; Mussels
ID ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; INTEGRATIVE SAMPLER;
PERSISTENT; WATER; ENVIRONMENT; HEALTH
AB Three passive sampling devices (PSDs), polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS), polyethylene devices (PEDs), and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) samplers were used to sample a diverse set of chemicals in the coastal waters of San Francisco Bay and the Southern California Bight. Seventy one chemicals (including fragrances, phosphate flame retardants, pharmaceuticals, PAHs, PCBs, PBDEs, and pesticides) were measured in at least 50% of the sites. The chemical profile from the San Francisco Bay sites was distinct from profiles from the sites in the Southern California Bight. This distinction was not due to a single compound or class, but by the relative abundances/concentrations of the chemicals. Comparing the PSDs to mussel (Mytilus spp.) tissues, a positive correlation exists for the 25 and 26 chemicals in common for the PEDs and SPME, respectively. Diphenhydramine was the only common chemical out of 40 analyzed in both POCIS and tissues detected at a common site. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Alvarez, David A.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Maruya, Keith A.; Dodder, Nathan G.; Lao, Wenjian] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
[Furlong, Edward T.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Smalling, Kelly L.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
RP Alvarez, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM dalvarez@usgs.gov
RI Dodder, Nathan/C-7971-2015;
OI Dodder, Nathan/0000-0001-5913-1767; Smalling, Kelly/0000-0002-1214-4920
FU USGS [MOA-2008-061(Amend 004)/8099)]
FX The authors thank D. Diehl, D. Tsukada and P. Salop for deployment and
retrieval of PSDs. This study was funded in part by a memorandum of
agreement (MOA-2008-061(Amend 004)/8099) between the USGS and NOAA's
National Ocean Service.
NR 18
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 9
U2 82
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD APR 30
PY 2014
VL 81
IS 2
SI SI
BP 347
EP 354
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.04.022
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI2SH
UT WOS:000336707900008
PM 23683585
ER
PT J
AU Maruya, KA
Dodder, NG
Weisberg, SB
Gregorio, D
Bishop, JS
Klosterhaus, S
Alvarez, DA
Furlong, ET
Bricker, S
Kimbrough, KL
Lauenstein, GG
AF Maruya, Keith A.
Dodder, Nathan G.
Weisberg, Stephen B.
Gregorio, Dominic
Bishop, Jonathan S.
Klosterhaus, Susan
Alvarez, David A.
Furlong, Edward T.
Bricker, Suzanne
Kimbrough, Kimani L.
Lauenstein, Gunnar G.
TI The Mussel Watch California pilot study on contaminants of emerging
concern (CECs): Synthesis and next steps
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Mussel Watch; Mytilus; Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs); Passive
sampling devices; California; Coastal ecosystems
ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; FLAME RETARDANTS; WATER; SEDIMENTS;
WILDLIFE; ESTUARY; BIGHT
AB A multiagency pilot study on mussels (Mytilus spp.) collected at 68 stations in California revealed that 98% of targeted contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) were infrequently detectable at concentrations <= 1 ng/g. Selected chemicals found in commercial and consumer products were more frequently detected at mean concentrations up to 470 ng/g dry wt. The number of CECs detected and their concentrations were greatest for stations categorized as urban or influenced by storm water discharge. Exposure to a broader suite of CECs was also characterized by passive sampling devices (PSDs), with estimated water concentrations of hydrophobic compounds correlated with Mytilus concentrations. The results underscore the need for focused CEC monitoring in coastal ecosystems and suggest that PSDs are complementary to bivalves in assessing water quality. Moreover, the partnership established among participating agencies led to increased spatial coverage, an expanded list of analytes and a more efficient use of available resources. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Maruya, Keith A.; Dodder, Nathan G.; Weisberg, Stephen B.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project Author, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
[Bishop, Jonathan S.] Calif State Water Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[Klosterhaus, Susan] San Francisco Estuary Inst, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
[Alvarez, David A.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Furlong, Edward T.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Bricker, Suzanne; Kimbrough, Kimani L.; Lauenstein, Gunnar G.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Maruya, KA (reprint author), Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project Author, 3535 Harbor Blvd Suite 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
EM keithm@sccwrp.org; gglauenstein@gmail.com
RI Dodder, Nathan/C-7971-2015; Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008
OI Dodder, Nathan/0000-0001-5913-1767; Weisberg,
Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425
FU NOAA [MOA-2006-054/7001]; SWRCB; member agencies of the SCCWRP and the
SFEI Regional Monitoring Program
FX This study was supported by NOAA MOA-2006-054/7001, and by in-kind
contributions from the SWRCB, the member agencies of the SCCWRP and the
SFEI Regional Monitoring Program. The authors thank M. Edwards, A.
Jacob, E. Johnson, G. Piniak, J. Christensen and R. Callender of NOAA,
C. Beegan and E. Siegel of the SWRCB, M. Sedlak, J. Davis and R.
Hoenicke of SFEI, B. Schaffner of SCCWRP, as well as two anonymous
reviewers of the original manuscript.
NR 24
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD APR 30
PY 2014
VL 81
IS 2
SI SI
BP 355
EP 363
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.04.023
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI2SH
UT WOS:000336707900009
PM 23731723
ER
PT J
AU Moody, JA
Ebel, BA
AF Moody, John A.
Ebel, Brian A.
TI Infiltration and runoff generation processes in fire-affected soils
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE wildfire; peak discharge; hillslope; runoff initiation; rainfall
profile; infiltration
ID SOUTH-EAST AUSTRALIA; WATER REPELLENCY; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY;
OVERLAND-FLOW; POROUS-MEDIA; MOUNTAINOUS WATERSHEDS; SPATIAL
VARIABILITY; STEADY-STATE; FRONT RANGE; WILDFIRE
AB Post-wildfire runoff was investigated by combining field measurements and modelling of infiltration into fire-affected soils to predict time-to-start of runoff and peak runoff rate at the plot scale (1 m(2)). Time series of soil-water content, rainfall and runoff were measured on a hillslope burned by the 2010 Fourmile Canyon Fire west of Boulder, Colorado during cyclonic and convective rainstorms in the spring and summer of 2011. Some of the field measurements and measured soil physical properties were used to calibrate a one-dimensional post-wildfire numerical model, which was then used as a 'virtual instrument' to provide estimates of the saturated hydraulic conductivity and high-resolution (1 mm) estimates of the soil-water profile and water fluxes within the unsaturated zone.
Field and model estimates of the wetting-front depth indicated that post-wildfire infiltration was on average confined to shallow depths less than 30 mm. Model estimates of the effective saturated hydraulic conductivity, K-s, near the soil surface ranged from 0.1 to 5.2 mm h(-1). Because of the relatively small values of K-s, the time-to-start of runoff (measured from the start of rainfall), t(p), was found to depend only on the initial soil-water saturation deficit (predicted by the model) and a measured characteristic of the rainfall profile (referred to as the average rainfall acceleration, equal to the initial rate of change in rainfall intensity). An analytical model was developed from the combined results and explained 92-97% of the variance of t(p), and the numerical infiltration model explained 74-91% of the variance of the peak runoff rates. These results are from one burned site, but they strongly suggest that t(p) in fire-affected soils (which often have low values of K-s) is probably controlled more by the storm profile and the initial soil-water saturation deficit than by soil hydraulic properties. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Moody, John A.; Ebel, Brian A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Reston, VA 20191 USA.
[Ebel, Brian A.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Moody, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Reston, VA 20191 USA.
EM jamoody@usgs.gov
OI Ebel, Brian/0000-0002-5413-3963
FU Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellowship Program in the National Research
Program of the United States Geological Survey; Climate and Land Use
Change Mission Area of the United States Geological Survey
FX The presentation of this work benefited from thoughtful reviews by Rick
Healy and two anonymous reviewers as well as discussions with Deborah
Martin. Brian Ebel received support from the Mendenhall Postdoctoral
Fellowship Program in the National Research Program of the United States
Geological Survey and additional support from the Climate and Land Use
Change Mission Area of the United States Geological Survey. Any use of
trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 90
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 45
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD APR 30
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 9
BP 3432
EP 3453
DI 10.1002/hyp.9857
PG 22
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AE2XC
UT WOS:000333835600007
ER
PT J
AU Kennedy, J
Ferre, TPA
Guntner, A
Abe, M
Creutzfeldt, B
AF Kennedy, Jeffrey
Ferre, Ty P. A.
Guentner, Andreas
Abe, Maiko
Creutzfeldt, Benjamin
TI Direct measurement of subsurface mass change using the variable baseline
gravity gradient method
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE timelapse-gravity; continuous gravity; hydrogeophysics
ID SUPERCONDUCTING GRAVIMETERS; STORAGE CHANGE; GRADIOMETRY; EARTH;
MOVEMENT; SOFTWARE; VOLCANO; METERS; FIELD
AB Time-lapse gravity data provide a direct, nondestructive method to monitor mass changes at scales from centimeter to kilometer. But, the effectively infinite spatial sensitivity of gravity measurements can make it difficult to isolate the signal of interest. The variable baseline gravity gradient method, based on the difference of measurements between two gravimeters, is an alternative to the conventional approach of individually modeling all sources of mass and elevation changes. This approach can improve the signal-to-noise ratio for many applications by removing the contributions of Earth tides, loading, and other signals that have the same effect on both gravimeters. At the same time, this approach can focus the support volume within a relatively small user-defined region of the subsurface. The method is demonstrated using paired superconducting gravimeters to make for the first time a large-scale, noninvasive measurement of infiltration wetting front velocity and change in water content above the wetting front.
Key Points
Variable baseline gravity gradients are measured between two or more gravimeters Gradient measurements eliminate ocean and atmospheric loading noise Infiltration rate and change in water content is estimated using gradient data
C1 [Kennedy, Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Kennedy, Jeffrey; Ferre, Ty P. A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Guentner, Andreas; Abe, Maiko] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
[Creutzfeldt, Benjamin] Senate Dept Urban Dev & Environm, Berlin, Germany.
RP Kennedy, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM jkennedy@usgs.gov
RI Guntner, Andreas/C-9892-2011
OI Guntner, Andreas/0000-0001-6233-8478
FU USGS Groundwater Resources Program, NSF [EAR-1246619]; Arizona Water,
Environmental, and Energy Solutions program
FX Research was supported by the USGS Groundwater Resources Program, NSF
grant EAR-1246619, and the Arizona Water, Environmental, and Energy
Solutions program. Data collected under these programs are available
from the corresponding author. GWR Instruments, Inc. is gratefully
acknowledged for loaning one gravimeter and the prototype field
enclosure. Assistance with FG5 measurements from Dan Winester,
NOAA-National Geodetic Survey, is gratefully acknowledged, as are many
helpful comments from Donald Pool, Bruce Gungle, David Crossley, and an
anonymous reviewer. The ocean loading service provided by Hans-Georg
Scherneck was used to calculate nao99.b tidal parameters.
NR 40
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 8
BP 2827
EP 2834
DI 10.1002/2014GL059673
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AH0KW
UT WOS:000335809800022
ER
PT J
AU Long, JW
de Bakker, ATM
Plant, NG
AF Long, Joseph W.
de Bakker, Anouk T. M.
Plant, Nathaniel G.
TI Scaling coastal dune elevation changes across storm-impact regimes
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EROSION; OVERWASH; ISLAND; MODEL; LIDAR
C1 [Long, Joseph W.; Plant, Nathaniel G.] St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, USGS Coastal & Marine Geol Program, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[de Bakker, Anouk T. M.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, Dept Phys Geog, Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP Long, JW (reprint author), St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, USGS Coastal & Marine Geol Program, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM jwlong@usgs.gov
OI Plant, Nathaniel/0000-0002-5703-5672
NR 21
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 8
BP 2899
EP 2906
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AH0KW
UT WOS:000335809800031
ER
PT J
AU Celebi, M
Okawa, I
Kashima, T
Koyama, S
Iiba, M
AF Celebi, Mehmet
Okawa, Izuru
Kashima, Toshidate
Koyama, Shin
Iiba, Masanori
TI Response of a tall building far from the epicenter of the 11 March 2011
M9.0 Great East Japan earthquake and aftershocks
SO STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF TALL AND SPECIAL BUILDINGS
LA English
DT Article
DE long-period structure; resonance; low damping; site frequency; recorded
response; Tohoku earthquake
ID GROUND MOTION; OSAKA BASIN
AB The 11 March 2011M 9.0 Great East Japan earthquake generated significant long-duration shaking that propagated hundreds of kilometers from the epicenter and affected urban areas throughout much of Honshu. Recorded responses of a tall building at 770km from the epicenter of the mainshock and other related or unrelated events show how structures sensitive to long-period motions can be affected by distant sources. Even when the largest peak input motions to the building is about 3%g, the strong-shaking duration was about 140s. The 300- to 1000-s prolonged responses of the building are primarily due to a combination of site resonance (e.g. structural fundamental frequency similar to 0.15Hz and site frequency similar to 0.13-0.17Hz) and low damping (similar to 1-2%) of the structure. Response modification technologies can improve the response of the building during future earthquakes. The need-to-consider risks to such built environments from distant sources are emphasized. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Celebi, Mehmet] USGS, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Okawa, Izuru; Kashima, Toshidate; Koyama, Shin; Iiba, Masanori] Bldg Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
RP Celebi, M (reprint author), USGS, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM celebi.talas57@gmail.com
NR 17
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1541-7794
EI 1541-7808
J9 STRUCT DES TALL SPEC
JI Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build.
PD APR 25
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 6
BP 427
EP 441
DI 10.1002/tal.1047
PG 15
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA AD1IN
UT WOS:000332987800002
ER
PT J
AU Borer, ET
Seabloom, EW
Gruner, DS
Harpole, WS
Hillebrand, H
Lind, EM
Adler, PB
Alberti, J
Anderson, TM
Bakker, JD
Biederman, L
Blumenthal, D
Brown, CS
Brudvig, LA
Buckley, YM
Cadotte, M
Chu, CJ
Cleland, EE
Crawley, MJ
Daleo, P
Damschen, EI
Davies, KF
DeCrappeo, NM
Du, GZ
Firn, J
Hautier, Y
Heckman, RW
Hector, A
HilleRisLambers, J
Iribarne, O
Klein, JA
Knops, JMH
La Pierre, KJ
Leakey, ADB
Li, W
MacDougall, AS
McCulley, RL
Melbourne, BA
Mitchell, CE
Moore, JL
Mortensen, B
O'Halloran, LR
Orrock, JL
Pascual, J
Prober, SM
Pyke, DA
Risch, AC
Schuetz, M
Smith, MD
Stevens, CJ
Sullivan, LL
Williams, RJ
Wragg, PD
Wright, JP
Yang, LH
AF Borer, Elizabeth T.
Seabloom, Eric W.
Gruner, Daniel S.
Harpole, W. Stanley
Hillebrand, Helmut
Lind, Eric M.
Adler, Peter B.
Alberti, Juan
Anderson, T. Michael
Bakker, Jonathan D.
Biederman, Lori
Blumenthal, Dana
Brown, Cynthia S.
Brudvig, Lars A.
Buckley, Yvonne M.
Cadotte, Marc
Chu, Chengjin
Cleland, Elsa E.
Crawley, Michael J.
Daleo, Pedro
Damschen, Ellen I.
Davies, Kendi F.
DeCrappeo, Nicole M.
Du, Guozhen
Firn, Jennifer
Hautier, Yann
Heckman, Robert W.
Hector, Andy
HilleRisLambers, Janneke
Iribarne, Oscar
Klein, Julia A.
Knops, Johannes M. H.
La Pierre, Kimberly J.
Leakey, Andrew D. B.
Li, Wei
MacDougall, Andrew S.
McCulley, Rebecca L.
Melbourne, Brett A.
Mitchell, Charles E.
Moore, Joslin L.
Mortensen, Brent
O'Halloran, Lydia R.
Orrock, John L.
Pascual, Jesus
Prober, Suzanne M.
Pyke, David A.
Risch, Anita C.
Schuetz, Martin
Smith, Melinda D.
Stevens, Carly J.
Sullivan, Lauren L.
Williams, Ryan J.
Wragg, Peter D.
Wright, Justin P.
Yang, Louie H.
TI Herbivores and nutrients control grassland plant diversity via light
limitation
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECIES-DIVERSITY; RESOURCE CONTROL; COMPETITION; GROWTH; ENVIRONMENTS;
VEGETATION; CONSUMER; DEFENSE; DEPENDS; IMPACT
AB Human alterations to nutrient cycles(1,2) and herbivore communities(3-7) are affecting global biodiversity dramatically(2). Ecological theory predicts these changes should be strongly counteractive: nutrient addition drives plant species loss through intensified competition for light, whereas herbivores prevent competitive exclusion by increasing ground-level light, particularly in productive systems(8,9). Here we use experimental data spanning a globally relevant range of conditions to test the hypothesis that herbaceous plant species losses caused by eutrophication may be offset by increased light availability due to herbivory. This experiment, replicated in 40 grasslands on 6 continents, demonstrates that nutrients and herbivores can serve as counteracting forces to control local plant diversity through light limitation, independent of site productivity, soil nitrogen, herbivore type and climate. Nutrient addition consistently reduced local diversity through light limitation, and herbivory rescued diversity at sites where it alleviated light limitation. Thus, species loss from anthropogenic eutrophication can be ameliorated in grasslands where herbivory increases ground-level light.
C1 [Borer, Elizabeth T.; Seabloom, Eric W.; Lind, Eric M.; Hautier, Yann; Wragg, Peter D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Gruner, Daniel S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Harpole, W. Stanley; Biederman, Lori; Li, Wei; Mortensen, Brent; Sullivan, Lauren L.; Williams, Ryan J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Hillebrand, Helmut] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm, D-26382 Oldenburg, Germany.
[Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Alberti, Juan; Daleo, Pedro; Iribarne, Oscar; Pascual, Jesus] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, IIMyC, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata, Argentina.
[Anderson, T. Michael] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
[Bakker, Jonathan D.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Blumenthal, Dana] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Brown, Cynthia S.; Klein, Julia A.; Smith, Melinda D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Brudvig, Lars A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Buckley, Yvonne M.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, ARC Ctr Excellence Environm Decis, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Buckley, Yvonne M.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Nat Sci, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Cadotte, Marc] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
[Chu, Chengjin; Du, Guozhen] Lanzhou Univ, Sch Life Sci, Res Stn Alpine Meadow & Wetland Ecosyst, State Key Lab Grassland & Agroecosyst, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China.
[Cleland, Elsa E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
[Crawley, Michael J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Biol, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England.
[Damschen, Ellen I.; Orrock, John L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Davies, Kendi F.; Melbourne, Brett A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[DeCrappeo, Nicole M.; Pyke, David A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Firn, Jennifer] Queensland Univ Technol, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia.
[Heckman, Robert W.; Mitchell, Charles E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Hector, Andy] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford OX1 3RB, England.
[HilleRisLambers, Janneke] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Knops, Johannes M. H.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[La Pierre, Kimberly J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Initiat Global Change Biol, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA.
[Leakey, Andrew D. B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[MacDougall, Andrew S.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[McCulley, Rebecca L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
[Moore, Joslin L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Bot, Australian Res Ctr Urban Ecol, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Moore, Joslin L.] Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
[O'Halloran, Lydia R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Prober, Suzanne M.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia.
[Risch, Anita C.; Schuetz, Martin] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
[Stevens, Carly J.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England.
[Wright, Justin P.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Yang, Louie H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Borer, ET (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM borer@umn.edu
RI Risch, Anita/A-9836-2012; Leakey, Andrew/Q-9889-2016; Prober,
Suzanne/G-6465-2010; MacDougall, Andrew/F-2037-2011; Gruner,
Daniel/A-5166-2010; Mitchell, Charles/I-3709-2014; Buckley,
Yvonne/B-1281-2008; Smith, Melinda/J-8987-2014; Harpole,
William/C-2814-2013; Hillebrand, Helmut/I-1717-2014; Moore,
Joslin/C-5270-2009; Hautier, Yann/D-5426-2015; Adler, Peter/D-3781-2009;
Heckman, Robert/J-2640-2015; Hector, Andrew/H-4199-2011;
OI Risch, Anita/0000-0003-0531-8336; Leakey, Andrew/0000-0001-6251-024X;
Firn, Jennifer/0000-0001-6026-8912; Seabloom, Eric/0000-0001-6780-9259;
Daleo, Pedro/0000-0001-9759-1203; Borer, Elizabeth/0000-0003-2259-5853;
La Pierre, Kimberly/0000-0001-7056-4547; Gruner,
Daniel/0000-0002-3153-4297; Mitchell, Charles/0000-0002-1633-1993;
Buckley, Yvonne/0000-0001-7599-3201; Harpole,
William/0000-0002-3404-9174; Hillebrand, Helmut/0000-0001-7449-1613;
Moore, Joslin/0000-0001-9809-5092; Hautier, Yann/0000-0003-4347-7741;
Heckman, Robert/0000-0002-2281-3091; Hector, Andrew/0000-0002-1309-7716;
Biederman, Lori/0000-0003-2171-7898; Lind, Eric/0000-0003-3051-7724
FU NSF Research Coordination Network [NSF-DEB-1042132]; NSF Long Term
Ecological Research program [NSF-DEB-1234162]; UMN Institute on the
Environment [DG-0001-13]
FX This work uses data from the Nutrient Network (http://nutnet.org)
experiment, funded at the site scale by individual researchers.
Coordination and data management are supported by funding to E. Borer
and E. Seabloom from the NSF Research Coordination Network
(NSF-DEB-1042132) and Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-DEB-1234162 to
Cedar Creek LTER) programs and the UMN Institute on the Environment
(DG-0001-13). The Minnesota Supercomputer Institute hosts project data.
We are grateful to F. Isbell for suggestions that improved the
manuscript. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 31
TC 88
Z9 95
U1 55
U2 425
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD APR 24
PY 2014
VL 508
IS 7497
BP 517
EP +
DI 10.1038/nature13144
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AF5GI
UT WOS:000334741600035
PM 24670649
ER
PT J
AU Green, NW
Perdue, EM
Aiken, GR
Butler, KD
Chen, HM
Dittmar, T
Niggemann, J
Stubbins, A
AF Green, Nelson W.
Perdue, E. Michael
Aiken, George R.
Butler, Kenna D.
Chen, Hongmei
Dittmar, Thorsten
Niggemann, Jutta
Stubbins, Aron
TI An intercomparison of three methods for the large-scale isolation of
oceanic dissolved organic matter
SO MARINE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dissolved organic matter; Sea water; Reverse osmosis; Electrodialysis;
Solid-phase extraction; XAD; PPL; Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, USA
ID COMBINING REVERSE-OSMOSIS; MACROPOROUS RESINS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
CARBON; SEAWATER; ELECTRODIALYSIS; SPECTROSCOPY; EXTRACTION; RECOVERY;
NITROGEN
AB Dissolved organic matter (DOM) was isolated from large volumes of deep (674 m) and surface (21 m) ocean water via reverse osmosis/electrodialysis (RO/ED) and two solid-phase extraction (SPE) methods (XAD-8/4 and PPL) at the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority (NELHA). By applying the three methods to common water samples, the efficiencies of XAD, PPL and RO/ED DOM isolation were compared. XAD recovered 42% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from deep water (25% with XAD-8; 17% with XAD-4) and 30% from surface water (16% with XAD-8; 14% with XAD-4). PPL recovered 61 +/- 3% of DOC from deep water and 61% from surface water. RO/ED recovered 82 +/- 3% of DOC from deep water, 14 +/- 3% of which was recovered in a sodium hydroxide rinse, and 75 +/- 5% of DOC from surface water, with 12 +/- 2% in the sodium hydroxide rinse. The highest recoveries of all were achieved by the sequential isolation of DOC, first with PPL and then via RO/ED. This combined technique recovered 98% of DOC from a deep water sample and 101% of DOC from a surface water sample. In total, 1.9, 10.3 and 1.6 g-C of DOC were collected via XAD. PPL and RO/ED, respectively. Rates of DOC recovery using the XAD, PPL and RO/ED methods were 10,33 and 10 mg-C h(-1), respectively. Based upon C/N ratios, XAD isolates were heavily C-enriched compared with water column DOM, whereas RO/ED and PPL -> RO/ED isolate C/N values were most representative of the original DOM. All techniques are suitable for the isolation of large amounts of DOM with purities suitable for most advanced analytical techniques. Coupling PPL and RO/ED techniques may provide substantial progress in the search for a method to quantitatively isolate oceanic DOC, bringing the entirety of the DOM pool within the marine chemist's analytical window. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Green, Nelson W.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Perdue, E. Michael] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Aiken, George R.; Butler, Kenna D.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Chen, Hongmei] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Dittmar, Thorsten; Niggemann, Jutta] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Res Grp Marine Geochem, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm ICBM, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
[Stubbins, Aron] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Skidaway Inst Oceanog, Savannah, GA 31411 USA.
RP Perdue, EM (reprint author), Ball State Univ, Dept Chem, Muncie, IN 47306 USA.
EM ngreen@gatech.edu; emperdue@bsu.edu; graiken@usgs.gov;
kebutler@usgs.gov; hxchen@odu.edu; thorsten.dittmar@uni-oldenburg.de;
jutta.niggemann@uni-oldenburg.de; aron.stubbins@skio.uga.edu
RI Aron, Stubbins/M-8801-2014; Dittmar, Thorsten/L-7796-2013;
OI Aron, Stubbins/0000-0002-3994-1946; Dittmar,
Thorsten/0000-0002-3462-0107; Green, Nelson/0000-0003-3694-0275
FU National Science Foundation (OCE) [0728634, 0728050]; US Geological
Survey's National Research Program
FX Hongmei Chen and Aron Stubbins acknowledge financial support from the
National Science Foundation (OCE#0728634) and additional travel support
from Thorsten Dittmar from the Max Planck Research Group for Marine
Geochemistry, University of Oldenburg. Thorsten Dittmar and Jutta
Niggemann are grateful to Matthias Friebe for his assistance in the
laboratory, and they thank Carola Lehners and Bernhard Schnetger for the
analysis of nitrate and nitrite. Nelson Green and Michael Perdue
acknowledge financial support from the National Science Foundation
(OCE#0728050) and additional travel support from Elizabeth Kujawinski at
the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Kenna Butler and George Aiken
were funded by the US Geological Survey's National Research Program
(http://water.usgs.gov/nrp), and they are grateful to Alyssa Azari and
S. Michelle Bourret for their assistance in the laboratory. Keith Olson
at NELHA is thanked for providing laboratory space for this project and
large archival datasets of analytical measurements in deep and surface
waters at NELHA. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 29
TC 34
Z9 36
U1 9
U2 91
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4203
EI 1872-7581
J9 MAR CHEM
JI Mar. Chem.
PD APR 20
PY 2014
VL 161
BP 14
EP 19
DI 10.1016/j.marchem.2014.01.012
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Chemistry; Oceanography
GA AF8TQ
UT WOS:000334988900002
ER
PT J
AU Love, JJ
Swidinsky, A
AF Love, Jeffrey J.
Swidinsky, Andrei
TI Time causal operational estimation of electric fields induced in the
Earth's lithosphere during magnetic storms
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE geomagnetic fields; geoelectric fields; induction; magnetic storm
ID GEOMAGNETICALLY INDUCED CURRENTS; 29-31 OCTOBER 2003; TECHNOLOGICAL
SYSTEMS; SURFACE; CONDUCTIVITY; DISTURBANCES; BENEATH; JAPAN
AB In support of projects for monitoring geomagnetic hazards for electric power grids, we develop a simple mathematical formalism, consistent with the time causality of deterministic physics, for estimating electric fields that are induced in the Earth's lithosphere during magnetic storms. For an idealized model of the lithosphere, an infinite half-space having uniform electrical conductivity properties described by a galvanic tensor, we work in the Laplace-transformed frequency domain to obtain a transfer function which, when convolved with measured magnetic field time series, gives an estimated electric field time series. Using data collected at the Kakioka, Japan observatory, we optimize lithospheric conductivity parameters by minimizing the discrepancy between model-estimated electric field variation and that actually measured. With our simple model, we can estimate 87% of the variance in storm time Kakioka electric field data; a more complicated model of lithospheric conductivity would be required to estimate the remaining 13% of the variance. We discuss how our estimation formalism might be implemented for geographically coordinated real-time monitoring of geoelectric fields.
Key Points Method is presented for calculating induced lithospheric electric fields Comparison of results is made with geoelectric field data Real-time algorithms can be developed from the method presented
C1 [Love, Jeffrey J.] US Geol Survey, Geomagnetism Program, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Swidinsky, Andrei] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Love, JJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geomagnetism Program, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jlove@usgs.gov
FU USGS Geomagnetism Program
FX We thank C. A. Finn and E. J.Rigler for reviewing a draft manuscript. We
thank C. Balch, W. D. Barnhart, A. Chulliat, J.L. Gannon, G. Hulot, A.
Jackson, M.D.Jegen, S. I. Lotz, M. C. Nair, and H.J.Singer for useful
conversations. This work was supported by the USGS Geomagnetism Program;
part of this work was accomplished while J.J.Love was visiting the
Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, October 2013. The data for this
paper are available from the JMA's Kakioka magnetic observatory,
http://www.kakioka-jma.go.jp.
NR 42
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 7
BP 2266
EP 2274
DI 10.1002/2014GL059568
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AF8RJ
UT WOS:000334983000005
ER
PT J
AU Briggs, RW
Engelhart, SE
Nelson, AR
Dura, T
Kemp, AC
Haeussler, PJ
Corbett, DR
Angster, SJ
Bradley, LA
AF Briggs, Richard W.
Engelhart, Simon E.
Nelson, Alan R.
Dura, Tina
Kemp, Andrew C.
Haeussler, Peter J.
Corbett, D. Reide
Angster, Stephen J.
Bradley, Lee-Ann
TI Uplift and subsidence reveal a nonpersistent megathrust rupture boundary
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE megathrust; rupture; Alaska; earthquake; diatom; Sitkinak Island
ID ALEUTIAN MEGATHRUST; GREAT EARTHQUAKES; LATE HOLOCENE; ALASKA;
DEFORMATION; WASHINGTON; SEGMENT; MARGIN; EXTENT; ZONE
AB We report stratigraphic evidence of land-level change and tsunami inundation along the Alaska-Aleutian megathrust during prehistoric and historical earthquakes west of Kodiak Island. On Sitkinak Island, cores and tidal outcrops fringing a lagoon reveal five sharp lithologic contacts that record coseismic land-level change. Radiocarbon dates, Cs-137 profiles, computerized tomography scans, and microfossil assemblages are consistent with rapid uplift circa 290-0, 520-300, and 1050-790calyr B.P. and subsidence in A.D. 1964 and circa 640-510calyr B.P. Radiocarbon, Cs-137, and Pb-210 ages bracketing a sand bed traced 1.5km inland and evidence for sudden uplift are consistent with Russian accounts of an earthquake and tsunami in A.D. 1788. The mixed uplift and subsidence record suggests that Sitkinak Island sits above a nonpersistent boundary near the southwestern limit of the A.D. 1964 M-w 9.2 megathrust rupture.
C1 [Briggs, Richard W.; Nelson, Alan R.; Angster, Stephen J.; Bradley, Lee-Ann] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Engelhart, Simon E.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Geosci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Dura, Tina] Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Kemp, Andrew C.] Tufts Univ, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
[Haeussler, Peter J.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Corbett, D. Reide] E Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Greenville, NC USA.
RP Briggs, RW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM rbriggs@usgs.gov
RI Briggs, Richard/A-1348-2013;
OI Briggs, Richard/0000-0001-8108-0046; Engelhart,
Simon/0000-0002-4431-4664
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earthquake Hazards Program; Multihazards
Demonstration Project
FX Those who made this research possible through their advice, analyses,
access, or logistical help include Rolan Ruoss (Sea Hawk Air, Kodiak
City); Gary and Deborah Carver (Kodiak City); U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (Kodiak City); George Plafker (USGS retired, Menlo Park); David
Anderson (U.S. Coast Guard, 1964-65); U.S. Coast Guard (Kodiak City,
2011); Bob Mudd (Sitkinak Island); Ann Morey and Jason Wiest (Oregon
State University); Bill Barnhart (USGS, Golden, elastic modeling);
Stephanie Ross, Holly Ryan, and Steve Kirby (USGS, Menlo Park); and
Leslie Hayden, Rob Witter, and Kristi Wallace (USGS, Menlo Park and
Anchorage, pumice analysis), funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
Earthquake Hazards Program and the Multihazards Demonstration Project.
Data used to generate the figures are available in the supporting
information. We thank Rob Witter (USGS), Kelin Wang, and one anonymous
reviewer for their comments that substantially improved the manuscript.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 37
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 7
BP 2289
EP 2296
DI 10.1002/2014GL059380
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AF8RJ
UT WOS:000334983000008
ER
PT J
AU Witter, RC
Briggs, RW
Engelhart, SE
Gelfenbaum, G
Koehler, RD
Barnhart, WD
AF Witter, Robert C.
Briggs, Richard W.
Engelhart, Simon E.
Gelfenbaum, Guy
Koehler, Richard D.
Barnhart, William D.
TI Little late Holocene strain accumulation and release on the Aleutian
megathrust below the Shumagin Islands, Alaska
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE paleoseismology; Shumagin Islands; Aleutian megathrust; seismic gap
ID SOUTHWESTERN ALASKA; EARTHQUAKE; TSUNAMIS; GEOCHEMISTRY; FORAMINIFERA;
DEFORMATION; DELTA-C-13; EXTENT; COAST; BAY
AB Can a predominantly creeping segment of a subduction zone generate a great (M>8) earthquake? Despite Russian accounts of strong shaking and high tsunamis in 1788, geodetic observations above the Aleutian megathrust indicate creeping subduction across the Shumagin Islands segment, a well-known seismic gap. Seeking evidence for prehistoric great earthquakes, we investigated Simeonof Island, the archipelago's easternmost island, and found no evidence for uplifted marine terraces or subsided shorelines. Instead, we found freshwater peat blanketing lowlands, and organic-rich silt and tephra draping higher glacially smoothed bedrock. Basal peat ages place glacier retreat prior to 10.4ka and imply slowly rising (<0.2m/ka) relative sea level since similar to 3.4ka. Storms rather than tsunamis probably deposited thin, discontinuous deposits in coastal sites. If rupture of the megathrust beneath Simeonof Island produced great earthquakes in the late Holocene, then coseismic uplift or subsidence was too small (0.3m) to perturb the onshore geologic record.
C1 [Witter, Robert C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99504 USA.
[Briggs, Richard W.; Barnhart, William D.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO USA.
[Engelhart, Simon E.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Geosci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Gelfenbaum, Guy] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Koehler, Richard D.] State Alaska, Div Geol & Geophys Surveys, Fairbanks, AK USA.
RP Witter, RC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99504 USA.
EM rwitter@usgs.gov
RI Briggs, Richard/A-1348-2013; Barnhart, William/L-9446-2015;
OI Briggs, Richard/0000-0001-8108-0046; Engelhart,
Simon/0000-0002-4431-4664
FU U.S. Geological Survey's seismic and tsunami hazards projects
FX The U.S. Geological Survey's seismic and tsunami hazards projects
supported this research. D. Peteet identified fossil seeds submitted for
radiocarbon analysis, and E. Hemphill-Haley identified marine diatoms.
A. Bender, L. Munk, and K. Wallace assisted with radiocarbon and
geochemical sample preparation. M. Rogers performed geochemical
analyses. We thank P. Haeussler for his insightful contributions
throughout the project. Reviews by A. Nelson, Jeff Freymueller, and
Chris Goldfinger improved the paper. R.C.W. prepared the manuscript and
participated in field investigations with R.W.B., S.E.E., G.G., and
R.D.K., listed alphabetically. W.D.B. contributed elastic dislocation
modeling data.
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 7
BP 2359
EP 2367
DI 10.1002/2014GL059393
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AF8RJ
UT WOS:000334983000017
ER
PT J
AU Steinman, BA
Abbott, MB
Mann, ME
Ortiz, JD
Feng, S
Pompeani, DP
Stansell, ND
Anderson, L
Finney, BP
Bird, BW
AF Steinman, Byron A.
Abbott, Mark B.
Mann, Michael E.
Ortiz, Joseph D.
Feng, Song
Pompeani, David P.
Stansell, Nathan D.
Anderson, Lesleigh
Finney, Bruce P.
Bird, Broxton W.
TI Ocean- atmosphere forcing of centennial hydroclimate variability in the
Pacific Northwest
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE paleoclimatology; isotope geochemistry; Little Ice Age; paleolimnology;
lake sediment; Medieval Climate Anomaly
ID PAST 1000 YEARS; TROPICAL PACIFIC; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; UNITED-STATES;
HOLOCENE; LAKE; PRECIPITATION; RECORD; USA; RECONSTRUCTIONS
AB Reconstructing centennial timescale hydroclimate variability during the late Holocene is critically important for understanding large-scale patterns of drought and their relationship with climate dynamics. We present sediment oxygen isotope records spanning the last two millennia from 10 lakes, as well as climate model simulations, indicating that the Little Ice Age was dry relative to the Medieval Climate Anomaly in much of the Pacific Northwest of North America. This pattern is consistent with observed associations between the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Northern Annular Mode, and drought as well as with proxy-based reconstructions of Pacific and Atlantic ocean-atmosphere variations over the past 1000years. The large amplitude of centennial variability indicated by the lake data suggests that regional hydroclimate is characterized by longer-term shifts in ENSO-like dynamics and that an improved understanding of the centennial timescale relationship between external forcing and drought is necessary for projecting future hydroclimatic conditions in western North America.
Key Points
Lake sediment isotope records exhibit coherent centennial timescale variability The Little Ice Age was dry in much of the Pacific Northwest Climate model simulations support drought patterns evinced by lake sediment data
C1 [Steinman, Byron A.; Mann, Michael E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Steinman, Byron A.] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Abbott, Mark B.; Pompeani, David P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Mann, Michael E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Ortiz, Joseph D.] Kent State Univ, Dept Geol, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
[Feng, Song] Univ Arkansas, Dept Geosci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Stansell, Nathan D.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Geosci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Anderson, Lesleigh] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Finney, Bruce P.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dept Geosci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Bird, Broxton W.] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
RP Steinman, BA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 503 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM bas56@psu.edu
RI Ortiz, Joseph/E-1144-2011; Mann, Michael/B-8472-2017;
OI Ortiz, Joseph/0000-0002-6583-3850; Mann, Michael/0000-0003-3067-296X;
Stansell, Nathan/0000-0003-2477-1953
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AGS-1137750, EAR-0902200, ATM-0902133,
EAR-0902753, AGS-1103316]
FX This research was funded by the following U.S. National Science
Foundation grants (acknowledging authors): AGS-1137750 (B. A. S.),
EAR-0902200 (M. B. A.), ATM-0902133 (M. E. M.), EAR-0902753 (J.D.O.),
and AGS-1103316 (S. F.). We thank Jeremy Moberg, Chris Helander, Daniel
Nelson, Jason Addison, and Janet Slate. Lake sediment isotope data are
available on the National Climatic Data Center Paleoclimatology website:
http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets.
NR 33
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 7
BP 2553
EP 2560
DI 10.1002/2014GL059499
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AF8RJ
UT WOS:000334983000043
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, R
Thurber, C
Prejean, S
Bennington, N
AF Murphy, Rachel
Thurber, Clifford
Prejean, Stephanie
Bennington, Ninfa
TI Three-dimensional seismic velocity structure and earthquake relocations
at Katmai, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Katmai; Tomography; Volcanism; Magma storage
ID NATIONAL-PARK; VOLCANIC CLUSTER; MAGMA STORAGE; HAYWARD FAULT; 1912
ERUPTION; MOUNT-KATMAI; MT KATMAI; TOMOGRAPHY; CALIFORNIA; VICINITY
AB We invert arrival time data from local earthquakes occurring between September 2004 and May 2009 to determine the three-dimensional (3D) upper crustal seismic structure in the Katmai volcanic region. Waveforms for the study come from the Alaska Volcano Observatory's permanent network of 20 seismic stations in the area (predominantly single-component, short period instruments) plus a densely spaced temporary array of 11 broadband, 3-component stations. The absolute and relative arrival times are used in a double-difference seismic tomography inversion to solve for 3D P- and S-wave velocity models for an area encompassing the main volcanic centers. The relocated hypocenters provide insight into the geometry of seismogenic structures in the area, revealing clustering of events into four distinct zones associated with Martin, Mageik, Trident-Novarupta, and Mount Katmai. The seismic activity extends from about sea level to 2 km depth (all depths referenced to mean sea level) beneath Martin, is concentrated near 2 km depth beneath Mageik, and lies mainly between 2 and 4 km depth below Katmai and Trident-Novarupta. Many new features are apparent within these earthquake clusters. In particular, linear features are visible within all clusters, some associated with swarm activity, including an observation of earthquake migration near Trident in 2008. The final velocity model reveals a possible zone of magma storage beneath Mageik, but there is no clear evidence for magma beneath the Katmai-Novarupta area where the 1912 eruptive activity occurred, suggesting that the storage zone for that eruption may have largely been evacuated, or remnant magma has solidified. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Murphy, Rachel; Thurber, Clifford; Bennington, Ninfa] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Prejean, Stephanie] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Thurber, C (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM thurber@geology.wisc.edu
FU Alaska Volcano Observatory; National Science Foundation [EAR-0910674]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the Alaska Volcano
Observatory and the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
EAR-0910674. Our thanks to John Paskievitch, Lee Powell, Cyrus Read,
Summer Ohlendorf, and Helena Buurman for their assistance with field
work and to Jim Dixon and Scott Stihler for their work on the AVO
earthquake catalog. We thank Seth Moran and two anonymous reviewers for
their constructive comments on the initial version of the manuscript. We
also acknowledge Jeremy Pesicek and Ellen Syracuse for their assistance
in carrying out our analyses. Several figures were generated using the
GMT package (Wessel et al., 2013).
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD APR 15
PY 2014
VL 276
BP 121
EP 131
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.02.022
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AH4PB
UT WOS:000336109400009
ER
PT J
AU Jones, MC
Bernhardt, CE
Willard, DA
AF Jones, Miriam C.
Bernhardt, Christopher E.
Willard, Debra A.
TI Late Holocene vegetation, climate, and land-use impacts on carbon
dynamics in the Florida Everglades
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Peatland; Carbon; Holocene; Everglades
ID WATER CONSERVATION AREA-3; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; NORTHERN EVERGLADES;
PATTERNED LANDSCAPE; SLOUGH LANDSCAPE; SOIL NUTRIENTS; WETLAND SOILS;
TREE ISLANDS; ICE-AGE; PHOSPHORUS
AB Tropical and subtropical peatlands are considered a significant carbon sink. The Florida Everglades includes 6000-km(2) of peat-accumulating wetland; however, detailed carbon dynamics from different environments within the Everglades have not been extensively studied or compared. Here we present carbon accumulation rates from 13 cores and 4 different environments, including sawgrass ridges and sloughs, tree islands, and marl prairies, whose hydroperiods and vegetation communities differ. We find that the lowest rates of C accumulation occur in sloughs in the southern Everglades. The highest rates are found where hydroperiods are generally shorter, including near-tails of tree islands and drier ridges. Long-term average rates of 100 to >200 g C m(-2) yr(-1) are as high, and in some cases, higher than rates recorded from the tropics and 10-20 times higher than boreal averages. C accumulation rates were impacted by both the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age, but the largest impacts to C accumulation rates over the Holocene record have been the anthropogenic changes associated with expansion of agriculture and construction of canals and levees to control movement of surface water. Water management practices in the 20th century have altered the natural hydroperiods and fire regimes of the Everglades. The Florida Everglades as a whole has acted as a significant carbon sink over the mid to late-Holocene, but reduction of the spatial extent of the original wetland area, as well as the alteration of natural hydrology in the late 19th and 20th centuries, have significantly reduced the carbon sink capacity of this subtropical wetland. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Jones, Miriam C.; Bernhardt, Christopher E.; Willard, Debra A.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Jones, MC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM miriamjones@usgs.gov
FU USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science (GEPES); USGS
Climate and Land Use Mission Area Research and Development Program
FX Field work for core collection was supported by USGS Greater Everglades
Priority Ecosystems Science (GEPES). The research is supported by the
USGS Climate and Land Use Mission Area Research and Development Program.
Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 73
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 25
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD APR 15
PY 2014
VL 90
BP 90
EP 105
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.02.010
PG 16
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AH9MP
UT WOS:000336466800008
ER
PT J
AU Adimey, NM
Hudak, CA
Powell, JR
Bassos-Hull, K
Foley, A
Farmer, NA
White, L
Minch, K
AF Adimey, Nicole M.
Hudak, Christine A.
Powell, Jessica R.
Bassos-Hull, Kim
Foley, Allen
Farmer, Nicholas A.
White, Linda
Minch, Karrie
TI Fishery gear interactions from stranded bottlenose dolphins, Florida
manatees and sea turtles in Florida, USA
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Fishery gear; Entanglement; Dolphins; Manatees; Sea turtles; Ingestion
ID BLUE-CRAB FISHERY; RECREATIONAL FISHING GEAR; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS;
SARASOTA BAY; MARINE MAMMALS; LATERAL-LINE; FUR SEALS; BY-CATCH;
ENTANGLEMENT; MORTALITY
AB Documenting the extent of fishery gear interactions is critical to wildlife conservation efforts, especially for reducing entanglements and ingestion. This study summarizes fishery gear interactions involving common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus truncatus), Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) and sea turtles: loggerhead (Caretta caretta), green turtle (Chelonia mydas), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii), and olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) stranding in Florida waters during 1997-2009. Fishery gear interactions for all species combined were 75.3% hook and line, 18.2% trap pot gear, 4.8% fishing nets, and 1.7% in multiple gears. Total reported fishery gear cases increased over time for dolphins (p < 0.05), manatees (p < 0.01), loggerheads (p < 0.05) and green sea turtles (p < 0.05). The proportion of net interaction strandings relative to total strandings for loggerhead sea turtles increased (p < 0.05). Additionally, life stage and sex patterns were examined, fishery gear interaction hotspots were identified and generalized linear regression modeling was conducted. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Adimey, Nicole M.; White, Linda] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Jacksonville, FL 32256 USA.
[Hudak, Christine A.] Ctr Coastal Studies, Right Whale Res Program, Provincetown, MA 02657 USA.
[Powell, Jessica R.; Farmer, Nicholas A.] NOAA Fisheries, Southeast Reg Off, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Foley, Allen] Jacksonville Field Lab, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Jacksonville, FL 32218 USA.
[Minch, Karrie] Sea Turtle Stranding & Salvage Network Indian Riv, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
RP Adimey, NM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 7915 Baymeadows Way,Suite 200, Jacksonville, FL 32256 USA.
EM nicole_adimey@fws.gov; chudak@coastalstudies.org;
Jessica.Powell@noaa.gov; kbhull@mote.org; Allen.Foley@myfwc.com;
nick.farmer@noaa.gov; Karrie.Minch@myfwc.com
NR 114
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 11
U2 86
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD APR 15
PY 2014
VL 81
IS 1
BP 103
EP 115
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.02.008
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AG7VI
UT WOS:000335626500025
PM 24613263
ER
PT J
AU Daniel, DW
Smith, LM
Haukos, DA
Johnson, LA
McMurry, ST
AF Daniel, Dale W.
Smith, Loren M.
Haukos, David A.
Johnson, Lacrecia A.
McMurry, Scott T.
TI Land Use and Conservation Reserve Program Effects on the Persistence of
Playa Wetlands in the High Plains
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; GREAT-PLAINS; SEDIMENTATION; SERVICES
AB Watershed cultivation and subsequent soil erosion remains the greatest threat to the service provisioning of playa wetlands in the High Plains. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) plants perennial vegetation cover on cultivated lands including playa watersheds, and therefore, the program influences sediment deposition and accumulation in playas. Our objective was to measure the effects of the CRP on sediment deposition by comparing sediment depth and present/historic size characteristics in 258 playas among three High-Plains subregions (northern, central, and southern) and the three dominant watershed types: cropland, CRP, and native grassland. Sediment depth and resultant volume loss for CRP playas were 40% and 57% lower than cropland playas, but 68% and 76% greater than playas in native grassland. Playas in CRP had remaining volumes exceeding those of cropland playas. Grassland playas had nearly three times more original playa volume and 122% greater wetland area than CRP playas. Overall, playas were larger in the south than other subregions. Sediment depth was also three times greater in the south than the north, which resulted in southern playas losing twice as much total volume as northern playas. However, the larger southern playas provide more remaining volume per playa than those in other subregions. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of proper watershed management in preserving playa wetland ecosystem service provisioning in the High Plains. Furthermore, we identify regional differences in playas that may influence management decisions and provide valuable insight to conservation practitioners trying to maximize wetland services with limited resources.
C1 [Daniel, Dale W.; Smith, Loren M.; McMurry, Scott T.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Zool, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Haukos, David A.] Texas Tech Univ, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dept Nat Resource Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Johnson, Lacrecia A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Tucson, AZ 85748 USA.
RP Daniel, DW (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Zool, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM dale.daniel@okstate.edu
FU USDA; NRCS-CEAP WETLANDS; Region EPA [CD-966441-01]
FX This research was funded by USDA, NRCS-CEAP WETLANDS, and Region 6 EPA:
Project CD-966441-01.
NR 36
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 34
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 15
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 8
BP 4282
EP 4288
DI 10.1021/es404883s
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF4CG
UT WOS:000334658400007
PM 24635683
ER
PT J
AU Yang, Q
Smitherman, P
Hess, CT
Culbertson, CW
Marvinney, RG
Smith, AE
Zheng, Y
AF Yang, Qiang
Smitherman, Paul
Hess, C. T.
Culbertson, Charles W.
Marvinney, Robert G.
Smith, Andrew E.
Zheng, Yan
TI Uranium and Radon in Private Bedrock Well Water in Maine: Geospatial
Analysis at Two Scales
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FRACTURED CRYSTALLINE ROCKS; DRINKING-WATER; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ARSENIC
OCCURRENCE; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; NATURAL URANIUM; UNITED-STATES;
GROUNDWATER; RN-222; USA
AB In greater Augusta of central Maine, 53 out of 1093 (4.8%) private bedrock well water samples from 1534 km(2) contained [U] >30 mu g/L, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for drinking water; and 226 out of 786 (29%) samples from 1135 km(2) showed [Rn] >4,000 pCi/L (148 Bq/L), the U.S. EPA's Alternative MCL. Groundwater pH, calcite dissolution and redox condition are factors controlling the distribution of groundwater U but not Rn due to their divergent chemical and hydrological properties. Groundwater U is associated with incompatible elements (S, As, Mo, F, and Cs) in water samples within granitic intrusions. Elevated [U] and [Rn] are located within 5-10 km distance of granitic intrusions but do not show correlations with metamorphism at intermediate scales (10(0)-10(1) km). This spatial association is confirmed by a high-density sampling (n = 331, 5-40 samples per km(2)) at local scales (<= 10(-1) km) and the statewide sampling (n = 5857, 1 sample per 16 km(2)) at regional scales (10(2)-10(3) km). Wells located within 5 km of granitic intrusions are at risk of containing high levels of [U] and [Rn]. Approximately 48 800-63 900 and 324 000 people in Maine are estimated at risk of exposure to U (>30 mu g/L) and Rn (>4000 pCi/L) in well water, respectively.
C1 [Yang, Qiang; Zheng, Yan] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Yang, Qiang; Zheng, Yan] CUNY, Grad Ctr, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
[Yang, Qiang; Zheng, Yan] CUNY, Queens Coll, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
[Smitherman, Paul; Hess, C. T.] Univ Maine, Dept Phys & Astron, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Culbertson, Charles W.] US Geol Survey, Maine Water Sci Ctr, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
[Marvinney, Robert G.] Maine Geol Survey, Augusta, ME 04333 USA.
[Smith, Andrew E.] Maine Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Augusta, ME 04333 USA.
RP Zheng, Y (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
EM yan.zheng@qc.cuny.edu
RI Yang, Qiang/N-8198-2013
OI Yang, Qiang/0000-0002-6788-8775
FU U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Superfund
Research Program [2 P42 ES10349]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's
state agreement [CA-DC-06-514]; Senator George J. Mitchell Center for
Environmental and Watershed Research; U.S. Centers for Disease Control
(Unregulated Drinking Water Initiative for Environmental Surveillance
and Public Health); U.S. Geological Survey
FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences Superfund Research Program 2 P42 ES10349
to Y. Zheng and under the support from the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency's state agreement CA-DC-06-514 and the Senator George J. Mitchell
Center for Environmental and Watershed Research to C. T. Hess. The
authors acknowledge the Maine Center for Disease Control & Prevention
for sharing the statewide U data prepared with funding support from the
U.S. Centers for Disease Control (Unregulated Drinking Water Initiative
for Environmental Surveillance and Public Health), and John Colman and
Sandra Cooper of U.S. Geological Survey and four anonymous reviewers for
helpful comments that clarified the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm,
or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. This is LDEO contribution no. 7770.
NR 80
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 35
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 15
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 8
BP 4298
EP 4306
DI 10.1021/es405020k
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF4CG
UT WOS:000334658400009
PM 24655434
ER
PT J
AU Corace, RG
Shartell, LM
Goebel, PC
Kashian, DM
Drobyshev, I
Hix, DM
AF Corace, R. Gregory, III
Shartell, Lindsey M.
Goebel, P. Charles
Kashian, Daniel M.
Drobyshev, Igor
Hix, David M.
TI Bird communities of reference and altered mixed-pine forests:
Implications for restoring fire-dependent forest ecosystems
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Red pine; Restoration; Fire; Wildlife; Eastern white pine
ID NATIONAL-WILDLIFE-REFUGE; EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT; UPPER MICHIGAN; DRY
FORESTS; RESTORATION; HISTORY; STATES; WASHINGTON; LANDSCAPE; DIVERSITY
AB Changes have occurred to disturbance regimes that drive composition, structure, and function in many forest ecosystems. In the northern Lake States, USA land use change has impacted fire-dependent mixed-pine forests of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and eastern white pine (P. strobus L.). Although restoration is now being conducted on many federal and state forestlands, we currently lack baseline data on wildlife communities. To address the need for such information we sampled 25 reference and 29 altered mixed-pine sites in a wetland-upland landscape mosaic representative of eastern Upper Michigan. We put forward three questions: (1) do bird communities differ between reference sites and altered sites?: (2) what forest compositional and structural attributes are associated with differences in bird communities and how might they be related to fire history?; and (3) how does heterogeneity of natural land cover affect bird communities? Analyses revealed that richness of forest bird species was greater in reference sites (T = -1.93, P = 0.06), even though reference sites exist within 20-ha patches with less forest and more wetlands compared to altered sites. Bird assemblages also differed between reference and altered sites (Multiple Permutation Procedure, T = -5.26, A = 0.02, P <= 0.001). Eight indicator species were associated with reference sites, and four species were found in altered sites. Although correlations among environmental variables were generally low, they suggested the important role fire played in this ecosystem. Our findings support the hypothesis that mixed-pine ecosystem restoration can be an important management tool in restoring bird communities. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Corace, R. Gregory, III; Shartell, Lindsey M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Seney Natl Wildlife Refuge, Seney, MI 49883 USA.
[Goebel, P. Charles] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
[Kashian, Daniel M.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
[Drobyshev, Igor] Univ Quebec Abitibi Temiscamingue, Chaire Ind CRSNG UQAT UQAM Amenagement Forestier, Rouyn Noranda, PQ J9X 5E4, Canada.
[Drobyshev, Igor] Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Southern Swedish Forest Res Ctr, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden.
[Hix, David M.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Corace, RG (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Seney Natl Wildlife Refuge, 1674 Refuge Entrance Rd, Seney, MI 49883 USA.
EM Greg_Corace@fws.gov
RI Drobyshev, Igor/D-9220-2016
OI Drobyshev, Igor/0000-0002-5980-4316
FU Joint Fire Sciences Program; Seney National Wildlife Refuge; Seney
Natural History Association; Wayne State University; Ohio State
University
FX Funding was provided by the Joint Fire Sciences Program, Seney National
Wildlife Refuge, the Seney Natural History Association, Wayne State
University, and The Ohio State University. We thank the following for
assisting: B. Deemer, J. Downs, C. Fado, E. Grover, D. Marsh, D.
McCormick, S. Rist, A. Stout, and H. Whitman. We also thank the staff of
Seney NWR for logistical support. The findings and conclusions in this
article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD APR 15
PY 2014
VL 318
BP 183
EP 193
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.01.013
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA AE6EH
UT WOS:000334082900020
ER
PT J
AU Monteith, KB
Monteith, KL
Bowyer, RT
Leslie, DM
Jenks, JA
AF Monteith, Kyle B.
Monteith, Kevin L.
Bowyer, R. Terry
Leslie, David M., Jr.
Jenks, Jonathan A.
TI Reproductive effects on fecal nitrogen as an index of diet quality: an
experimental assessment
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE diet quality; fecal nitrogen; gastrointestinal tract; lactation;
nutrition; Odocoileus virginianus; ruminant; sexual segregation;
white-tailed deer
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; SEXUAL SEGREGATION; MULE DEER; NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGY;
AUTUMN NUTRITION; DIMORPHIC DEER; BIGHORN SHEEP; NUBIAN IBEX; BODY-SIZE;
FECES
AB Concentration of fecal nitrogen has been used widely as an indicator of dietary quality for free-ranging ruminants. Differences in digestive function between species of dimorphic ungulates render interspecific comparisons of fecal nitrogen unreliable; however, whether intraspecific sexual differences in digestive function also bias this nutritional index is unknown. Our objective was to compare sex-specific variation in concentration of fecal nitrogen using male, nonlactating female, and lactating female white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on high- and low-quality diets. During weekly trials over spring and summer (2008-2009), we monitored intake rates, collected feces twice daily, and used micro-Kjeldahl procedures to determine percent fecal nitrogen. We also determined nitrogen content of feces following a neutral detergent fiber (NDF) rinse during pre-, peak, and postlactation. Fecal nitrogen reflected general differences in dietary quality between diets; however, fecal nitrogen of lactating females in both dietary groups was lower than for males or nonlactating females throughout lactation. Nitrogen concentration following an NDF rinse also was lower for lactating females during peak lactation. We hypothesize that the remodeling of the digestive tract and increased rumination by lactating females may enhance their ability to extract nitrogen from their forage. These adjustments may expand the foraging options of lactating females by increasing their ability to process low-quality foods, but also affects the interpretation of fecal nitrogen during the season of lactation.
C1 [Monteith, Kyle B.; Jenks, Jonathan A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Monteith, Kevin L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Bowyer, R. Terry] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Leslie, David M., Jr.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Monteith, KL (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM kmonteit@uwyo.edu
RI Jenks, Jonathan/B-7321-2009
FU South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station; Department of Natural
Resource Management at South Dakota State University
FX Funding was provided by the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station
and a Joseph F. Nelson undergraduate research grant awarded to KBM. We
appreciate the support provided by the Department of Natural Resource
Management (formerly the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences)
at South Dakota State University. We acknowledge the help of technicians
who assisted with this project, including J. Howell, R. Devore, E.
Kjellsen, and A. Peterson. We thank R Pritchard and D. Thudukurthy at
the South Dakota State University Department of Animal and Range
Sciences for assistance with sample preparation and analysis. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the United States Government.
NR 80
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 35
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-2372
EI 1545-1542
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD APR 15
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 2
BP 301
EP 310
DI 10.1644/12-MAMM-A-306.1
PG 10
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AF2SG
UT WOS:000334561700010
ER
PT J
AU Rayl, ND
Fuller, TK
Organ, JF
McDonald, JE
Mahoney, SP
Soulliere, C
Gullage, SE
Hodder, T
Norman, F
Porter, T
Bastille-Rousseau, G
Schaefer, JA
Murray, DL
AF Rayl, Nathaniel D.
Fuller, Todd K.
Organ, John F.
McDonald, John E., Jr.
Mahoney, Shane P.
Soulliere, Colleen
Gullage, Steve E.
Hodder, Tyler
Norman, Frank
Porter, Truman
Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume
Schaefer, James A.
Murray, Dennis L.
TI Mapping the distribution of a prey resource: neonate caribou in
Newfoundland
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE calving; caribou; dispersion; distribution; mortality; predator; prey;
Rangifer; resource; telemetry
ID RANGIFER-TARANDUS-CARIBOU; FOXES ALOPEX-LAGOPUS; HOME-RANGE SIZE;
WOODLAND CARIBOU; HABITAT USE; NORTHEASTERN ALBERTA;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SITE FIDELITY; CANADA LYNX; BLACK BEARS
AB The recently diminished caribou (Rangifer tarandus) population in insular Newfoundland, Canada, has been severely limited by predation on newborn calves. These neonates are patchily distributed on the landscape; therefore, to adequately understand predator prey interactions, the temporal and geographic extent of the distribution of caribou calves must be identified so that current areas with calves can be differentiated from areas without calves. We used telemetry locations of 309 caribou calves and 100 adult females from 4 herds, 2008 2010, to estimate the spatiotemporal distribution of caribou calves during the time when they were most vulnerable to predation, to evaluate the predictability of the calf resource among years, and to assess the degree of aggregation during calving. Patterns of calf distribution were predictable in time and space from year to year, with an average distributional overlap of 68% between years. The dispersion of female caribou during calving varied among herds from highly aggregated (8% and 20% of herd range) to more dispersed (50-70% of herd range). Postcalving (up to 9 weeks) distributions also varied among herds; the 2 more-dispersed herds remained sedentary, whereas both highly aggregated herds migrated away from their calving grounds at the end of June. The most-aggregated herd remained so as it migrated from its calving ground, whereas the less-aggregated herd spread out and moved in a variety of predictable directions. Dispersion and movement patterns varied with forest cover; herds with less forest cover in their range were more aggregated and migratory than herds with more forest cover.
C1 [Rayl, Nathaniel D.; Fuller, Todd K.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Organ, John F.; McDonald, John E., Jr.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hadley, MA 01035 USA.
[Mahoney, Shane P.; Soulliere, Colleen; Gullage, Steve E.; Hodder, Tyler; Norman, Frank; Porter, Truman] Govt Newfoundland & Labrador, Dept Environm & Conservat, St John, NF A1B 4J6, Canada.
[Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume; Schaefer, James A.; Murray, Dennis L.] Trent Univ, Environm & Life Sci Grad Program, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada.
RP Rayl, ND (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM nathanielrayl@gmail.com
RI Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume/B-9714-2015;
OI Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume/0000-0001-6799-639X
FU Institute for Biodiversity, Ecosystem Science Sustainability;
Sustainable Development and Strategic Science Division of the
Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Environment and Conservation;
Safari Club International Foundation
FX This study was funded, and NDR was supported, by the Institute for
Biodiversity, Ecosystem Science & Sustainability and the Sustainable
Development and Strategic Science Division of the Newfoundland and
Labrador Department of Environment and Conservation. Additional funding
was provided by the Safari Club International Foundation. We thank J.
McGinn, T. Murphy, and S. Ellsworth for logistical support. We thank P.
Tremblett, M. Mumma, T. Hodder, D. O'Leary, J. Neville, P. Saunders, M.
McGrath, R. Curran, J. McGinn, C. Zieminski, B. Slade, G. Pearcey, G.
Aldie, J. Maloney, B. Efford, C. Gosse, and N. Brooks for helping with
caribou calf captures, calf telemetry, and calf mortality retrievals.
Telemetry data associated with adult caribou in the La Poile and
Northern Peninsula study sites was provided by Wildlife Division,
Department of Environment and Conservation. We thank K. Morgan and K.
Lewis for preparing the telemetry data. We thank R. Otto for logistical
support, for help with all aspects of caribou calf fieldwork, and for
valuable comments on an earlier draft of this paper. Two anonymous
reviewers provided very helpful comments that improved this manuscript.
NR 62
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 7
U2 31
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-2372
EI 1545-1542
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD APR 15
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 2
BP 328
EP 339
DI 10.1644/13-MAMM-A-133.1
PG 12
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AF2SG
UT WOS:000334561700012
ER
PT J
AU Giri, CP
Long, J
AF Giri, Chandra P.
Long, Jordan
TI Mangrove reemergence in the northernmost range limit of eastern Florida
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Giri, Chandra P.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Long, Jordan] US Geol Survey, InuTeq, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Giri, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM cgiri@usgs.gov
NR 4
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 13
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD APR 15
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 15
BP E1447
EP E1448
DI 10.1073/pnas.1400687111
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AE8YI
UT WOS:000334288600001
PM 24632731
ER
PT J
AU Kraemer, TF
Wood, WW
Sanford, WE
AF Kraemer, Thomas F.
Wood, Warren W.
Sanford, Ward E.
TI Distinguishing seawater from geologic brine in saline coastal
groundwater using radium-226; an example from the Sabkha of the UAE
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Sabkhat; Radium-226; Geologic brine; Seawater
ID ABU-DHABI; PERSIAN GULF; ARABIAN GULF; RADIUM; OCEAN; WATER;
COPRECIPITATION; EVAPORATION; DOLOMITE; ISOTOPES
AB Sabkhat (Salt flats) are common geographic features of low-lying marine coastal areas that develop under hyper-arid climatic conditions. They are characterized by the presence of highly concentrated saline solutions and evaporitic minerals, and have been cited in the geologic literature as present-day representations of hyper-arid regional paleohydrogeology, paleoclimatology, coastal processes, and sedimentation in the geologic record. It is therefore important that a correct understanding of the origin and development of these features be achieved. Knowledge of the source of solutes is an important first step in understanding these features. Historically, two theories have been advanced as to the main source of solutes in sabkha brines: an early concept entailing seawater as the obvious source, and a more recent and dynamic theory involving ascending geologic brine forced upward into the base of the sabkha by a regional hydraulic gradient in the underlying formations. Ra-226 could uniquely distinguish between these sources under certain circumstances, as it is typically present at elevated activity of hundreds to thousands of Bq/m(3) (Becquerels per cubic meter) in subsurface formation brines; at exceedingly low activities in open ocean and coastal water; and not significantly supplied to water from recently formed marine sedimentary framework material. The coastal marine sabkha of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi was used to test this hypothesis. The distribution of Ra-226 in 70 samples of sabkha brine (mean: 700 Bq/m(3)), 7 samples of underlying deeper formation brine (mean: 3416 Bq/m(3)), the estimated value of seawater (< 16 Bq/m(3)) and an estimate of supply from sabkha sedimentary framework grains ( 8 h below 82% RH in leaf litter). We fit a sigmoid curve comparing weather station data to those collected by loggers placed in tick habitats to estimate RH experienced by nymphal ticks, and compiled the number of historical TAMEs during the 14-year record.
Results: The total number of TAMEs in June of each year was negatively related to total seasonal nymphal tick densities, suggesting that sub-threshold humidity episodes > 8 h in duration naturally lowered nymphal blacklegged tick abundance. Furthermore, TAMEs were positively related to the ratio of tick abundance early in the season when compared to late season, suggesting that lower than average tick abundance for a given year resulted from tick mortality and not from other factors.
Conclusions: Our results clarify the mechanism by which environmental moisture affects blacklegged tick populations, and offers the possibility to more accurately predict tick abundance and human LB incidence. We describe a method to forecast LB risk in endemic regions and identify the predictive role of microclimatic moisture conditions on tick encounter risk.
C1 [Berger, Kathryn A.; Dugas, Katherine D.; Mather, Thomas N.] Univ Rhode Isl, Ctr Vector Borne Dis, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Ginsberg, Howard S.] Univ Rhode Isl, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Coastal Field Stn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Ginsberg, Howard S.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Plant Sci & Entomol, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Hamel, Lutz H.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Comp Sci & Stat, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
RP Berger, KA (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Fac Vet Med, GIS Lab TRW 2D28,3280 Hosp Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada.
EM kaberger@ucalgary.ca
FU Rhode Island Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension
[HI-672, USDA-CSREES-SRGP-2009- 3452-20120,
USDA-CSREES-SRGP-2010-34520-21690]
FX We would like to thank J. Magill and R. Duhaime, for their technical
support, and Y. Wang and L. Gonzalez for their critical discussions.
Additionally, we thank all CVBD tick crew summer interns (1997-2010) for
their data collection. Use of trade or product names does not imply
endorsement by the U. S. Government. This was supported in part Rhode
Island Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension grant
HI-672 (INM), USDA-CSREES-SRGP-2009- 3452-20120 and
USDA-CSREES-SRGP-2010-34520-21690 (TNM). It is contribution number 5349
of the Rhode Island Agricultural Experiment Station.
NR 26
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 32
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1756-3305
J9 PARASITE VECTOR
JI Parasites Vectors
PD APR 14
PY 2014
VL 7
AR 181
DI 10.1186/1756-3305-7-181
PG 8
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA AF9YQ
UT WOS:000335071000001
PM 24731228
ER
PT J
AU Dorazio, RM
Connor, EF
AF Dorazio, Robert M.
Connor, Edward F.
TI Estimating Abundances of Interacting Species Using Morphological Traits,
Foraging Guilds, and Habitat
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID NULL MODEL ANALYSIS; COOCCURRENCE PATTERNS; BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY;
CENSUS-DATA; COMMUNITIES; LANDSCAPE; ASSEMBLAGES; COMPETITION; FOREST;
BIRDS
AB We developed a statistical model to estimate the abundances of potentially interacting species encountered while conducting point-count surveys at a set of ecologically relevant locations - as in a metacommunity of species. In the model we assume that abundances of species with similar traits (e. g., body size) are potentially correlated and that these correlations, when present, may exist among all species or only among functionally related species (such as members of the same foraging guild). We also assume that species-specific abundances vary among locations owing to systematic and stochastic sources of heterogeneity. For example, if abundances differ among locations due to differences in habitat, then measures of habitat may be included in the model as covariates. Naturally, the quantitative effects of these covariates are assumed to differ among species. Our model also accounts for the effects of detectability on the observed counts of each species. This aspect of the model is especially important for rare or uncommon species that may be difficult to detect in community-level surveys. Estimating the detectability of each species requires sampling locations to be surveyed repeatedly using different observers or different visits of a single observer. As an illustration, we fitted models to species-specific counts of birds obtained while sampling an avian community during the breeding season. In the analysis we examined whether species abundances appeared to be correlated due to similarities in morphological measures (body mass, beak length, tarsus length, wing length, tail length) and whether these correlations existed among all species or only among species of the same foraging guild. We also used the model to estimate the effects of forested area on species abundances and the effects of sound power output (as measured by body size) on species detection probabilities.
C1 [Dorazio, Robert M.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Connor, Edward F.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Biol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
RP Dorazio, RM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM bdorazio@usgs.gov
FU National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Homeland Security; U.S.
Department of Agriculture through NSF [EF-0832858]; University of
Tennessee, Knoxville; U.S. Geological Survey's Status and Trends program
FX This work was conducted as a part of the Binary Matrices Working Group
at the National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis,
sponsored by the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of
Homeland Security, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture through NSF
Award #EF-0832858, with additional support from The University of
Tennessee, Knoxville. One author (RD) also received financial support
from the U.S. Geological Survey's Status and Trends program. The funders
had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 66
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 44
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 11
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 4
AR e94323
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0094323
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AI3CI
UT WOS:000336736200063
PM 24727898
ER
PT J
AU Li, ZP
Liu, SG
Tan, ZX
Bliss, NB
Young, CJ
West, TO
Ogle, SM
AF Li, Zhengpeng
Liu, Shuguang
Tan, Zhengxi
Bliss, Norman B.
Young, Claudia J.
West, Tristram O.
Ogle, Stephen M.
TI Comparing cropland net primary production estimates from inventory, a
satellite-based model, and a process-based model in the Midwest of the
United States
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Net primary production; Biogeochemical model; MODIS; Crop inventory;
USDA Cropland Data Layer; Mid-Continent Intensive Campaign
ID LIGHT USE EFFICIENCY; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; TERRESTRIAL GROSS; CARBON
BALANCE; SOIL; DYNAMICS; YIELD; NPP; BIOMASS; AGRICULTURE
AB Accurately quantifying the spatial and temporal variability of net primary production (NPP) for croplands is essential to understand regional cropland carbon dynamics. We compared three NPP estimates for croplands in the Midwestern United States: inventory-based estimates using crop yield data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS); estimates from the satellite-based Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) NPP product; and estimates from the General Ensemble biogeochemical Modeling System (GEMS) process-based model. The three methods estimated mean NPP in the range of 469-687 g Cm-2 yr(-1) and total NPP in the range of 318-490 Tg Cyr(-1) for croplands in the Midwest in 2007 and 2008. The NPP estimates from crop yield data and the GEMS model showed the mean NPP for croplands was over 650 g Cm-2 yr(-1) while the MODIS NPP product estimated the mean NPP was less than 500 g Cm-2 yr(-1). MODIS NPP also showed very different spatial variability of the cropland NPP from the other two methods. We found these differences were mainly caused by the difference in the land cover data and the crop specific information used in the methods. Our study demonstrated that the detailed mapping of the temporal and spatial change of crop species is critical for estimating the spatial and temporal variability of cropland NPP. We suggest that high resolution land cover data with species-specific crop information should be used in satellite-based and process-based models to improve carbon estimates for croplands. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Zhengpeng; West, Tristram O.] Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr ESSIC UMD, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Liu, Shuguang] USGS, EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Tan, Zhengxi; Bliss, Norman B.] USGS, ASRC Fed InuTeq, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Young, Claudia J.] USGS, Earth Resources Technol Inc ERT, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[West, Tristram O.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Ogle, Stephen M.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Ogle, Stephen M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Li, ZP (reprint author), Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr ESSIC UMD, 5825 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM zli2012@umd.edu
OI Tan, Zhengxi/0000-0002-4136-0921; Ogle, Stephen/0000-0003-1899-7446
FU USGS [G13PC00028]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
[NNX08AK08G]
FX The funding for this research was provided by the USGS Land Change
Science Program. Part of the work was under USGS contract G13PC00028.
Contributions from Drs. Stephen Ogle and Tristram West were funded by a
grant from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA),
Terrestrial Ecology Program (NNX08AK08G). Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purpose only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government. We also acknowledge the efforts of
the two anonymous reviewers for greatly improving the quality of this
manuscript through their constructive criticism.
NR 62
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD APR 10
PY 2014
VL 277
BP 1
EP 12
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.01.012
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE2AN
UT WOS:000333775800001
ER
PT J
AU LaBeau, MB
Robertson, DM
Mayer, AS
Pijanowski, BC
Saad, DA
AF LaBeau, Meredith B.
Robertson, Dale M.
Mayer, Alex S.
Pijanowski, Bryan C.
Saad, David A.
TI Effects of future urban and biofuel crop expansions on the riverine
export of phosphorus to the Laurentian Great Lakes
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Nutrient loads; Nutrient fate and transport modeling; Land use change;
Land use scenario modeling; Urban land use; Agricultural land use
ID LAND-USE CHANGE; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; MODELING APPROACH;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; NUTRIENT; IMPACT; BASIN; MANAGEMENT; CATCHMENTS
AB Increased phosphorus (P) loadings threaten the health of the world's largest freshwater resource, the Laurentian Great Lakes (GL). To understand the linkages between land use and P delivery, we coupled two spatially explicit models, the landscape-scale SPARROW P fate and transport watershed model and the Land Transformation Model (LTM) land use change model, to predict future P export from nonpoint and point sources caused by changes in land use. According to LTM predictions over the period 2010-2040, the GL region of the U.S. may experience a doubling of urbanized areas and agricultural areas may increase by 10%, due to biofuel feedstock cultivation. These land use changes are predicted to increase P loadings from the U.S. side of the GL basin by 3.5-9.5%, depending on the Lake watershed and development scenario. The exception is Lake Ontario, where loading is predicted to decrease by 1.8% for one scenario, due to population losses in the drainage area. Overall, urban expansion is estimated to increase P loadings by 3.4%. Agricultural expansion associated with predicted biofuel feedstock cultivation is predicted to increase P loadings by an additional 2.4%. Watersheds that export P most efficiently and thus are the most vulnerable to increases in P sources tend to be found along southern Lake Ontario, southeastern Lake Erie, western Lake Michigan, and southwestern Lake Superior where watershed areas are concentrated along the coastline with shorter flow paths. In contrast, watersheds with high soil permeabilities, fractions of land underlain by tile drains, and long distances to the GL are less vulnerable. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [LaBeau, Meredith B.; Mayer, Alex S.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Robertson, Dale M.; Saad, David A.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Pijanowski, Bryan C.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA.
RP Mayer, AS (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 870 Dow Environm Sci,1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
EM asmayer@mtu.edu
OI Mayer, Alex/0000-0003-3226-2307; Robertson, Dale/0000-0001-6799-0596
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0725636]; USGS National Fish Habitat
Assessment Project; GLRI
FX This work was supported by award CBET-0725636 from the National Science
Foundation. Dr. Burak Pekin of the Human-Environment Modeling & Analysis
Laboratory at Purdue University provided output from the LTM. LTM work
was supported by the USGS National Fish Habitat Assessment Project and
research on agricultural expansion funded by a GLRI grant to IISG/NOAA.
NR 61
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD APR 10
PY 2014
VL 277
BP 27
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.01.016
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE2AN
UT WOS:000333775800003
ER
PT J
AU Jay, CV
Grebmeier, JM
Fischbach, AS
McDonald, TL
Cooper, LW
Hornsby, F
AF Jay, Chadwick V.
Grebmeier, Jacqueline M.
Fischbach, Anthony S.
McDonald, Trent L.
Cooper, Lee W.
Hornsby, Fawn
TI Pacific Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) Resource Selection in the
Northern Bering Sea
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID HIERARCHICAL PATCH DYNAMICS; LAWRENCE-ISLAND POLYNYA; ARCTIC MARINE
MAMMALS; CHUKCHI SEAS; HABITAT SELECTION; CALORIC CONTENT; ICE;
SEDIMENTATION; AVAILABILITY; ECOLOGY
AB The Pacific walrus is a large benthivore with an annual range extending across the continental shelves of the Bering and Chukchi Seas. We used a discrete choice model to estimate site selection by adult radio-tagged walruses relative to the availability of the caloric biomass of benthic infauna and sea ice concentration in a prominent walrus wintering area in the northern Bering Sea (St. Lawrence Island polynya) in 2006, 2008, and 2009. At least 60% of the total caloric biomass of dominant macroinfauna in the study area was composed of members of the bivalve families Nuculidae, Tellinidae, and Nuculanidae. Model estimates indicated walrus site selection was related most strongly to tellinid bivalve caloric biomass distribution and that walruses selected lower ice concentrations from the mostly high ice concentrations that were available to them (quartiles: 76%, 93%, and 99%). Areas with high average predicted walrus site selection generally coincided with areas of high organic carbon input identified in other studies. Projected decreases in sea ice in the St. Lawrence Island polynya and the potential for a concomitant decline of bivalves in the region could result in a northward shift in the wintering grounds of walruses in the northern Bering Sea.
C1 [Jay, Chadwick V.; Fischbach, Anthony S.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99504 USA.
[Grebmeier, Jacqueline M.; Cooper, Lee W.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[McDonald, Trent L.; Hornsby, Fawn] Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Laramie, WY USA.
RP Jay, CV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99504 USA.
EM cjay@usgs.gov
RI Cooper, Lee/E-5251-2012
OI Cooper, Lee/0000-0001-7734-8388
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [ARC-082290]; North Pacific Research
Board (BSIERP) [B67]; U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological
Survey; North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) [632]; U.S. National Science
Foundation; U.S. Geological Survey, Ecosystems Mission Area, Wildlife
Program, and North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) [B67]; BEST-BSIERP
Bering Sea Project [136]
FX Financial support was provided to PIs Grebmeier and Cooper through the
U.S. National Science Foundation (ARC-082290) and the North Pacific
Research Board (BSIERP Project B67). Walrus tagging data in 2006 was
obtained from a separate project with financial support from U.S. Fish &
Wildlife Service, U.S. Geological Survey, and North Pacific Research
Board (NPRB # 632). Tagging data in 2008 and 2009 was obtained
specifically for this project with ship and aerial support from the U.S.
National Science Foundation and financial support from the U.S.
Geological Survey, Ecosystems Mission Area, Wildlife Program, and North
Pacific Research Board (NPRB # B67). This work was assigned the
following project numbers: BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project publication
number 136 and NPRB publication number 480. The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 54
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 43
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 9
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 4
AR e93035
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0093035
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AE9PC
UT WOS:000334339000024
PM 24717979
ER
PT J
AU Otto, CRV
Roloff, GJ
Thames, RE
AF Otto, Clint R. V.
Roloff, Gary J.
Thames, Rachael E.
TI Comparing Population Patterns to Processes: Abundance and Survival of a
Forest Salamander following Habitat Degradation
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID DETECTION PROBABILITY PARAMETERS; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS;
PLETHODONTID SALAMANDERS; TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; CLOSURE ASSUMPTION;
MOLE SALAMANDERS; TIMBER HARVEST; LAND-USE; AMPHIBIANS; OCCUPANCY
AB Habitat degradation resulting from anthropogenic activities poses immediate and prolonged threats to biodiversity, particularly among declining amphibians. Many studies infer amphibian response to habitat degradation by correlating patterns in species occupancy or abundance with environmental effects, often without regard to the demographic processes underlying these patterns. We evaluated how retention of vertical green trees (CANOPY) and coarse woody debris (CWD) influenced terrestrial salamander abundance and apparent survival in recently clearcut forests. Estimated abundance of unmarked salamanders was positively related to CANOPY ((beta) over cap (Canopy) = 0.21 (0.02-1.19; 95% CI), but not CWD ((beta) over cap (CWD) = 0.11 (-0.13-0.35) within 3,600 m(2) sites, whereas estimated abundance of unmarked salamanders was not related to CANOPY ((beta) over cap (Canopy) = -0.01 (-0.21-0.18) or CWD ((beta) over cap (CWD) = -0.02 (-0.23-0.19) for 9 m(2) enclosures. In contrast, apparent survival of marked salamanders within our enclosures over 1 month was positively influenced by both CANOPY and CWD retention ((beta) over cap (Canopy) = 0.73 (0.27-1.19; 95% CI) and (beta) over cap (CWD) = 1.01 (0.53-1.50). Our results indicate that environmental correlates to abundance are scale dependent reflecting habitat selection processes and organism movements after a habitat disturbance event. Our study also provides a cautionary example of how scientific inference is conditional on the response variable(s), and scale(s) of measure chosen by the investigator, which can have important implications for species conservation and management. Our research highlights the need for joint evaluation of population state variables, such as abundance, and population-level process, such as survival, when assessing anthropogenic impacts on forest biodiversity.
C1 [Otto, Clint R. V.; Roloff, Gary J.; Thames, Rachael E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Otto, CRV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM cotto@usgs.gov
FU MDNR-Wildlife Division; federal Pittman-Robertson Wildlife Restoration
Act grant; United States Fish and Wildlife Service (Michigan's Statewide
Wildlife Research and Restoration Program) [W-147-R]; Rocky Mountain
Goat Foundation; Michigan Society of Herpetologists
FX Support for this project was provided by the MDNR-Wildlife Division with
funds from the federal Pittman-Robertson Wildlife Restoration Act grant
administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (W-147-R:
Michigan's Statewide Wildlife Research and Restoration Program), the
Rocky Mountain Goat Foundation, and the Michigan Society of
Herpetologists. The funders had no role in study design, data collection
and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 54
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 8
U2 43
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 9
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 4
AR e93859
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0093859
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AE9PC
UT WOS:000334339000051
PM 24718498
ER
PT J
AU Naro-Maciel, E
Gaughran, SJ
Putman, NF
Amato, G
Arengo, F
Dutton, PH
McFadden, KW
Vintinner, EC
Sterling, EJ
AF Naro-Maciel, Eugenia
Gaughran, Stephen J.
Putman, Nathan F.
Amato, George
Arengo, Felicity
Dutton, Peter H.
McFadden, Katherine W.
Vintinner, Erin C.
Sterling, Eleanor J.
TI Predicting connectivity of green turtles at Palmyra Atoll, central
Pacific: a focus on mtDNA and dispersal modelling
SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
LA English
DT Article
DE feeding ground; marine turtle; Chelonia mydas; mixed stock analysis;
ocean currents; control region
ID CHELONIA-MYDAS; SEA-TURTLES; MARINE TURTLES; CARETTA-CARETTA;
POPULATION-GENETICS; SATELLITE TRACKING; HAWKSBILL TURTLES; BAYESIAN
METHODS; MIXED STOCKS; MIGRATION
AB Population connectivity and spatial distribution are fundamentally related to ecology, evolution and behaviour. Here, we combined powerful genetic analysis with simulations of particle dispersal in a high-resolution ocean circulation model to investigate the distribution of green turtles foraging at the remote Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge, central Pacific. We analysed mitochondrial sequences from turtles (n = 349) collected there over 5 years (2008-2012). Genetic analysis assigned natal origins almost exclusively (approx. 97%) to the West Central and South Central Pacific combined Regional Management Units. Further, our modelling results indicated that turtles could potentially drift from rookeries to Palmyra Atoll via surface currents along a near-Equatorial swathe traversing the Pacific. Comparing findings from genetics and modelling highlighted the complex impacts of ocean currents and behaviour on natal origins. Although the Palmyra feeding ground was highly differentiated genetically from others in the Indo-Pacific, there was no significant differentiation among years, sexes or stage-classes at the Refuge. Understanding the distribution of this foraging population advances knowledge of green turtles and contributes to effective conservation planning for this threatened species.
C1 [Naro-Maciel, Eugenia] CUNY, Coll Staten Isl, Dept Biol, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA.
[Gaughran, Stephen J.; Amato, George] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Sackler Inst Comparat Genom, New York, NY 10024 USA.
[Arengo, Felicity; Vintinner, Erin C.; Sterling, Eleanor J.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat, New York, NY 10024 USA.
[Putman, Nathan F.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Dutton, Peter H.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[McFadden, Katherine W.] Clemson Univ, US Geol Survey, South Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Naro-Maciel, E (reprint author), CUNY, Coll Staten Isl, Dept Biol, 2800 Victory Blvd, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA.
EM eugenia.naromaciel@csi.cuny.edu; nathan.putman@gmail.com
FU NOAA [NA07NMF4540185, NA10NMF4540299]; Royal Caribbean Ocean Fund;
Regina Bauer Frankenberg Foundation for Animal Welfare
FX This research was approved by the American Museum of Natural History's
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC), under permits
authorized by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA/NMFS permit no. 10027) as well as the PANWR, USFWS (USFWS special
use permit nos. 12533-08013, 12533-09018, 12533-10008, 12533-11008,
12533-12008). Samples were collected by the AMNH under awards nos.
NA07NMF4540185 and NA10NMF4540299 from NOAA. The statements, findings,
conclusions and recommendations are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the NOAA, or the US Department of
Commerce. The use of trade names or products does not constitute
endorsement by the US Government. The study was also supported by grants
from the Royal Caribbean Ocean Fund and the Regina Bauer Frankenberg
Foundation for Animal Welfare. This is Palmyra Atoll Research Consortium
publication number PARC-0099.
NR 72
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 50
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1742-5689
EI 1742-5662
J9 J R SOC INTERFACE
JI J. R. Soc. Interface
PD APR 6
PY 2014
VL 11
IS 93
AR 20130888
DI 10.1098/rsif.2013.0888
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AC2ZO
UT WOS:000332385000003
PM 24451389
ER
PT J
AU Roy, DP
Wulder, MA
Loveland, TR
Woodcock, CE
Allen, RG
Anderson, MC
Helder, D
Irons, JR
Johnson, DM
Kennedy, R
Scambos, T
Schaaf, CB
Schott, JR
Sheng, Y
Vermote, EF
Belward, AS
Bindschadler, R
Cohen, WB
Gao, F
Hipple, JD
Hostert, P
Huntington, J
Justice, CO
Kilic, A
Kovalskyy, V
Lee, ZP
Lymbumer, L
Masek, JG
McCorkel, J
Shuai, Y
Trezza, R
Vogelmann, J
Wynne, RH
Zhu, Z
AF Roy, D. P.
Wulder, M. A.
Loveland, T. R.
Woodcock, C. E.
Allen, R. G.
Anderson, M. C.
Helder, D.
Irons, J. R.
Johnson, D. M.
Kennedy, R.
Scambos, Ta.
Schaaf, C. B.
Schott, J. R.
Sheng, Y.
Vermote, E. F.
Belward, A. S.
Bindschadler, R.
Cohen, W. B.
Gao, F.
Hipple, J. D.
Hostert, P.
Huntington, J.
Justice, C. O.
Kilic, A.
Kovalskyy, V.
Lee, Z. P.
Lymbumer, L.
Masek, J. G.
McCorkel, J.
Shuai, Y.
Trezza, R.
Vogelmann, J.
Wynne, R. H.
Zhu, Z.
TI Landsat-8: Science and product vision for terrestrial global change
research
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Landsat 8; OLI; TIRS; Landsat Science Team
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; DATA CONTINUITY MISSION; TERM ACQUISITION
PLAN; ABSOLUTE RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION; PLUS ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION;
GREENLAND ICE-SHEET; FOREST COVER CHANGE; LEAF-AREA INDEX; TIME-SERIES;
LAND-COVER
AB Landsat 8, a NASA and USGS collaboration, acquires global moderate-resolution measurements of the Earth's terrestrial and polar regions in the visible, near-infrared, short wave, and thermal infrared. Landsat 8 extends the remarkable 40 year Landsat record and has enhanced capabilities including new spectral bands in the blue and cirrus cloud-detection portion of the spectrum, two thermal bands, improved sensor signal-to-noise performance and associated improvements in radiometric resolution, and an improved duty cycle that allows collection of a significantly greater number of images per day. This paper introduces the current (2012-2017) Landsat Science Team's efforts to establish an initial understanding of Landsat 8 capabilities and the steps ahead in support of priorities identified by the team. Preliminary evaluation of Landsat 8 capabilities and identification of new science and applications opportunities are described with respect to calibration and radiometric characterization; surface reflectance; surface albedo; surface temperature, evapotranspiration and drought; agriculture; land cover, condition, disturbance and change; fresh and coastal water; and snow and ice. Insights into the development of derived 'higher-lever Landsat products are provided in recognition of the growing need for consistently processed, moderate spatial resolution, large area, long-term terrestrial data records for resource management and for climate and global change studies. The paper concludes with future prospects, emphasizing the opportunities for land imaging constellations by combining Landsat data with data collected from other international sensing systems, and consideration of successor Landsat mission requirements. (c) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Roy, D. P.; Kovalskyy, V.] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Wulder, M. A.] Nat Resources Canada, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada.
[Loveland, T. R.; Vogelmann, J.] US Geol Survey, EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Woodcock, C. E.; Kennedy, R.; Zhu, Z.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Allen, R. G.; Trezza, R.] Univ Idaho, Res & Extens Ctr, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA.
[Anderson, M. C.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Helder, D.] S Dakota State Univ, Coll Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Irons, J. R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Johnson, D. M.] USDA, Natl Agr Stat Serv, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Scambos, Ta.] Univ Colorado, Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Schaaf, C. B.; Lee, Z. P.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Environm, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Schott, J. R.] Rochester Inst Technol, Chester F Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Sheng, Y.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Vermote, E. F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Terr Informat Syst Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Belward, A. S.] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Bindschadler, R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrospher & Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Cohen, W. B.] USDA Forest Serv, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Gao, F.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Hipple, J. D.] USDA, Risk Management Agcy, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
[Hostert, P.] Humboldt Univ, Dept Geog, D-10099 Berlin, Germany.
[Huntington, J.] Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89501 USA.
[Justice, C. O.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kilic, A.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68516 USA.
[Lymbumer, L.] Geosci Australia, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Masek, J. G.; McCorkel, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Shuai, Y.] NASAs, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ERT Inc, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Wynne, R. H.] Virginia Tech, Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Roy, DP (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RI Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015; McCorkel,
Joel/D-4454-2012; Zhu, Zhe/K-3518-2015; Wulder, Michael/J-5597-2016;
OI Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525; McCorkel,
Joel/0000-0003-2853-2036; Zhu, Zhe/0000-0001-8283-6407; Wulder,
Michael/0000-0002-6942-1896; Vogelmann, James/0000-0002-0804-5823
FU USGS-NASA Landsat Science Team
FX We are grateful to the NASA-USGS-industry Landsat Data Continuity
Mission (LDCM) development team for their efforts to meet an aggressive
launch schedule, and we thank the USGS Climate and Land Use Change
Mission's Land Remote Sensing Program and the Earth Resources
Observation and Science (EROS) Center for co-sponsoring and funding the
USGS-NASA Landsat Science Team.
NR 194
TC 249
Z9 259
U1 37
U2 225
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD APR 5
PY 2014
VL 145
BP 154
EP 172
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.02.001
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AG0NW
UT WOS:000335113200014
ER
PT J
AU Palmer, AD
Emmenegger, EJ
AF Palmer, Alexander D.
Emmenegger, Eveline J.
TI Susceptibility of Koi and Yellow Perch to Infectious Hematopoietic
Necrosis Virus by Experimental Exposure
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID EPC CELL-LINE; RAINBOW-TROUT; CYPRINUS-CARPIO; SOCKEYE-SALMON; IN-VIVO;
VIRULENCE; IVB; GENOTYPES; FITNESS; FISHES
AB Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a novirhabdoviral pathogen that originated in western North America among anadromous Pacific salmonids. Severe disease epidemics in the late 1970s resulting from IHNV's invasion into farmed Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in North America, Asia, and Europe emphasized IHNV's ability to adapt to new hosts under varying rearing conditions. Yellow Perch Perca flavescens and Koi Carp Cyprinus carpio (hereafter, Koi) are aquaculture-reared fish that are highly valued in sport fisheries and the ornamental fish trade, respectively, but it is unknown whether these fish species are vulnerable to IHNV infection. In this study, we exposed Yellow Perch, Koi, and steelhead (anadromous Rainbow Trout) to IHNV by intraperitoneal injection (10(6) PFU/fish) and by immersion (5.7x10(5) PFU/mL) for 7h, and monitored fish for 28 d. The extended immersion exposure and high virus concentrations used in the challenges were to determine if the tested fish had any level of susceptibility. After experimental exposure, Yellow Perch and Koi experienced low mortality (<6%) compared with steelhead (>35%). Virus was found in dead fish of all species tested and in surviving Yellow Perch by plaque assay and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), with a higher prevalence in Yellow Perch than Koi. Infectious virus was also detected in Yellow Perch out to 5 d after bath challenge. These findings indicate that Yellow Perch and Koi are highly resistant to IHNV disease under the conditions tested, but Yellow Perch are susceptible to infection and may serve as possible virus carriers.Received July 29, 2013; accepted November 22, 2013
C1 [Palmer, Alexander D.; Emmenegger, Eveline J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Emmenegger, EJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 Northeast 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM eemmenegger@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
FX We thank Rachel Thompson and Maureen Purcell for technical assistance,
Gael Kurath for sharing steelhead generously donated by the Quinault
National Fish Hatchery, Rick Goetz and Wendy Olson with the University
of Wisconsin-Milwaukee for sending extra Yellow Perch, Joel Burkard of
Pan Intercorp for providing Koi, and WFRC Fish Health team members Bill
Batts, Maureen Purcell, and Rachel Breyta for their editorial prowess in
reviewing this paper. This work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS) and has been peer reviewed and approved for publication
consistent with USGS Fundamental Science Practices
(http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1367/). This manuscript is submitted for
publication with the understanding that the U.S. Government is
authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for governmental
purposes. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0899-7659
EI 1548-8667
J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH
JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health
PD APR 3
PY 2014
VL 26
IS 2
BP 78
EP 83
DI 10.1080/08997659.2014.886634
PG 6
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA AH1DM
UT WOS:000335860000002
PM 24895860
ER
PT J
AU Deweber, JT
Tsang, YP
Krueger, DM
Whittier, JB
Wagner, T
Infante, DM
Whelan, G
AF Deweber, Jefferson Tyrell
Tsang, Yin-Phan
Krueger, Damon M.
Whittier, Joanna B.
Wagner, Tyler
Infante, Dana M.
Whelan, Gary
TI Importance of Understanding Landscape Biases in USGS Gage Locations:
Implications and Solutions for Managers
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID PREDICTING STREAM TEMPERATURES; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; MODEL;
HABITAT; FISH; FLOW; CLASSIFICATION; VARIABILITY; DISTANCE; IMPROVES
AB Flow and water temperature are fundamental properties of stream ecosystems upon which many freshwater resource management decisions are based. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) gages are the most important source of streamflow and water temperature data available nationwide, but the degree to which gages represent landscape attributes of the larger population of streams has not been thoroughly evaluated. We identified substantial biases for seven landscape attributes in one or more regions across the conterminous United States. Streams with small watersheds (< 10 km(2)) and at high elevations were often underrepresented, and biases were greater for water temperature gages and in arid regions. Biases can fundamentally alter management decisions and at a minimum this potential for error must be acknowledged accurately and transparently. We highlight three strategies that seek to reduce bias or limit errors arising from bias and illustrate how one strategy, supplementing USGS data, can greatly reduce bias.
la temperatura y flujo de agua son propiedades fundamentales de los ecosistemas fluviales, sobre los cuales se toman diversas decisiones de manejo en cuanto a recursos dulceacuicolos. Los sensores del Estudio Geologico de los Estados Unidos de Norte America (EGEU) son la fuente disponible mas importante de datos de flujo de agua y temperatura a nivel nacional, pero el grado al cual los sensores son representativos de los atributos paisajisticos de una poblacion mas grande de rios, no ha sido analizado a profundidad. Se identificaron sesgos sustanciales en siete atributos paisajisticos en una o mas regiones a lo largo de las zonas limitrofes de los Estados Unidos de Norte America. Los rios de cauce pequeno (< 10 km(2)) y aquellos localizados en regiones elevadas no estuvieron adecuadamente representados, y los mayores sesgos se observaron en los sensores que miden la temperatura del agua y en las regiones aridas. Los sesgos tienen el potencial de alterar de manera fundamental las decisiones de manejo, y como minimo este error tiene que reconocerse de forma precisa y transparente. Se plantean tres estrategias que buscan tanto reducir el sesgo o limitar los errores que surgen de dicho sesgo, como ilustrar como una estrategia, suplementando los datos EGEU, puede reducir el sesgo de manera importante.
C1 [Deweber, Jefferson Tyrell] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Tsang, Yin-Phan; Infante, Dana M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Krueger, Damon M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Whittier, Joanna B.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO USA.
[Wagner, Tyler] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Whelan, Gary] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Lansing, MI USA.
RP Deweber, JT (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 413 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM jtdeweber@gmail.com
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center
FX Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey
National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center. Use of trade names
does not imply endorsement by the United States Government.
NR 42
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD APR 3
PY 2014
VL 39
IS 4
BP 155
EP 163
DI 10.1080/03632415.2014.891503
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AF7PK
UT WOS:000334906800009
ER
PT J
AU French, WE
Vondracek, B
Ferrington, LC
Finlay, JC
Dieterman, DJ
AF French, William E.
Vondracek, Bruce
Ferrington, Leonard C., Jr.
Finlay, Jacques C.
Dieterman, Douglas J.
TI Winter feeding, growth and condition of brown trout Salmo trutta in a
groundwater-dominated stream
SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE winter diet; growth; condition; stable isotopes; brown trout
ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; BROOK TROUT; TEMPERATURE CORRELATIONS;
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; MASS RELATIONSHIPS; HEADWATER-STREAM;
UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; FISH; SIZE
AB Winter can be a stressful period for stream-dwelling salmonid populations, often resulting in reduced growth and survival. Stream water temperatures have been identified as a primary mechanism driving reductions in fitness during winter. However, groundwater inputs can moderate water temperature and may reduce winter severity. Additionally, seasonal reductions in prey availability may contribute to decreased growth and survival, although few studies have examined food webs supporting salmonids under winter conditions. This study employed diet, stable isotope, and mark-recapture techniques to examine winter (November through March) feeding, growth, and condition of brown trout Salmo trutta in a groundwater-dominated stream (Badger Creek, Minnesota, USA). Growth was greater for fish 150mm (mean = 4.1mg g(-1) day(-1)) than for those 151-276mm (mean = 1.0mg g(-1) day(-1)) during the winter season. Overall condition from early winter to late winter did not vary for fish 150mm (mean relative weight (Wr) = 89.5) and increased for those 151-276mm (mean Wr = 85.8 early and 89.4 late). Although composition varied both temporally and by individual, brown trout diets were dominated by aquatic invertebrates, primarily Amphipods, Dipterans, and Trichopterans. Stable isotope analysis supported the observations of the dominant prey taxa in stomach contents and indicated the winter food web was supported by a combination of allochthonous inputs and aquatic macrophytes. Brown trout in Badger Creek likely benefited from the thermal regime and increased prey abundance present in this groundwater-dominated stream during winter.
C1 [French, William E.] Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Vondracek, Bruce] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Ferrington, Leonard C., Jr.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Finlay, Jacques C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Dieterman, Douglas J.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Lake City, MN 55041 USA.
RP French, WE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM fren0104@umn.edu
RI Finlay, Jacques/B-6081-2011
OI Finlay, Jacques/0000-0002-7968-7030
FU Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund; Kalamazoo Valley Chapter
of Trout Unlimited
FX We thank the following for assistance in the field: Jane Mazack, Jenna
McCullough, Jessica Miller, Lori Krider, Pat Sherman, Catherine DeGuire
(University of Minnesota) and Dan Spence (MN DNR). We thank three
anonymous reviewers for their beneficial comments on a previous version
of this manuscript. All animals used in this study were handled
according to animal use and care guidelines established by the
University of Minnesota IACUC committee. Funding for this study was
provided by Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund administered by
the Legislative Citizens Committee for Minnesota Resources, and the
Kalamazoo Valley Chapter of Trout Unlimited. Any use of trade names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 46
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 56
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0270-5060
EI 2156-6941
J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL
JI J. Freshw. Ecol.
PD APR 3
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 2
BP 187
EP 200
DI 10.1080/02705060.2013.847868
PG 14
WC Ecology; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AE5OW
UT WOS:000334039500003
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JH
AF Johnson, James H.
TI Seasonal drift and feeding periodicity during summer of the amphipod,
Gammarus psuedolimnaeus
SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE drift; diel feeding periodicity; Gammarus pseudolimnaeus
ID VALLEY-CREEK; PSEUDOLIMNAEUS; STREAM; MINNESOTA
AB Downstream drift of aquatic invertebrates is an important ecological process that varies temporally. Seasonal patterns of diel drift and diel feeding periodicity during summer of the amphipod Gammarus pseudolimnaeus were examined in a small stream in central New York. Seasonal trends in drift were similar with peak drift occurring from 2000 to 0400h. Very little drift occurred during the day. Feeding intensity of G. pseudolimnaeus was greatest from 2000 to 0400h and was significantly greater than at 0400 to 0800h and 0800 to 1200h. Previous research on feeding periodicity of this species found no evidence of periods of increased food consumption. Conflicting results between this study and earlier studies may be due to sampling drifting versus non-drifting amphipods.
C1 US Geol Survey, Dept Interior, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
RP Johnson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Dept Interior, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
EM jhjohnson@usgs.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 12
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0270-5060
EI 2156-6941
J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL
JI J. Freshw. Ecol.
PD APR 3
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 2
BP 301
EP 305
DI 10.1080/02705060.2014.880386
PG 5
WC Ecology; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AE5OW
UT WOS:000334039500013
ER
PT J
AU Crosson, LM
Wight, N
VanBlaricom, GR
Kiryu, I
Moore, JD
Friedman, CS
AF Crosson, Lisa M.
Wight, Nate
VanBlaricom, Glenn R.
Kiryu, Ikunari
Moore, James D.
Friedman, Carolyn S.
TI Abalone withering syndrome: distribution, impacts, current diagnostic
methods and new findings
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Review
DE Abalone; Haliotis; Disease; Withering syndrome; Rickettsia; Phage; PCR
ID CANDIDATUS-XENOHALIOTIS-CALIFORNIENSIS; HALIOTIS-CRACHERODII LEACH;
RICKETTSIALES-LIKE PROKARYOTE; BLACK ABALONE; RED ABALONE;
DIVERSICOLOR-SUPERTEXTA; MASS MORTALITY; GREEN ABALONE; RUFESCENS;
TEMPERATURE
AB Withering syndrome (WS) is a fatal disease of abalone caused by a Rickettsiales-like organism (WS-RLO). The causative agent, 'Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis', occurs along the eastern Pacific margin of North America in California, USA, and Baja California, Mexico. However, as infected abalones have been transported to Chile, China, Taiwan, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Spain, Thailand and Japan, the geographical range of the etiological agent is suspected to be broad, especially where California red abalones Haliotis rufescens are cultured or in areas where native species have been exposed to this species. Susceptibility varies among species, with up to 99% losses of black abalone H. cracherodii in laboratory and field studies in the USA to no losses among the small abalone H. diversicolor supertexta in Thailand. Some populations that have suffered catastrophic losses due to WS have developed resistance to the disease. In addition, a newly identified phage hyperparasite of the WS-RLO may reduce pathogenicity and dampen associated losses. Diagnosis of WS requires the identification of infection with the pathogen (WS-RLO detected via in situ hybridization or histology coupled with PCR and sequence analysis) accompanied by morphological changes that characterize this disease (e.g. pedal and digestive gland atrophy, and digestive gland metaplasia). A quantitative PCR assay was developed and may be useful in quantifying pathogen DNA. Confirmation of infection cannot be done by PCR analysis alone but can be used as a proxy for infection in areas where the agent is established and is recommended for inclusion in health examinations. Avoidance of WS is best accomplished by the establishment of a health history and multiple health examinations prior to movement of animals.
C1 [Crosson, Lisa M.; Wight, Nate; VanBlaricom, Glenn R.; Friedman, Carolyn S.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[VanBlaricom, Glenn R.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Kiryu, Ikunari] Fisheries Res Agcy, Natl Res Inst Aquaculture, Tsu, Mie 5160193, Japan.
[Moore, James D.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Moore, James D.] UC Davis Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
RP Crosson, LM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM lisa418@uw.edu
FU National Sea Grant College Program; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration; US Department of Commerce through the California Sea
Grant Program [R/FISH208, R/F-196D, 057-FISH-R]; School of Aquatic and
Fishery Sciences at the University of Washington; California Department
of Fish and Game
FX This research was funded, in part, by a grant from the National Sea
Grant College Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
US Department of Commerce, under project numbers R/FISH208, R/F-196D and
057-FISH-R through the California Sea Grant Program, the School of
Aquatic and Fishery Sciences at the University of Washington, and the
California Department of Fish and Game. We thank the California abalone
aquaculture industry for participating in our research, especially Ray
Fields at The Abalone Farm, Inc., and also thank Paul Olin, James Winton
and anonymous reviewers for their editorial comments. The views
expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect
the views of NOAA or any of its sub-agencies. The US government is
authorized to reproduce and distribute this paper for governmental
purposes.
NR 55
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 7
U2 56
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD APR 3
PY 2014
VL 108
IS 3
BP 261
EP 270
DI 10.3354/dao02713
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA AE5PV
UT WOS:000334042000009
PM 24695239
ER
PT J
AU Pei, SL
van de Lindt, JW
Hartzell, S
Luco, N
AF Pei, Shiling
van de Lindt, John W.
Hartzell, Stephen
Luco, Nicolas
TI Variability in Wood-Frame Building Damage using Broad-Band Synthetic
Ground Motions: A Comparative Numerical Study with Recorded Motions
SO JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Damage Index; Damage Potential; Synthetic Ground Motion; Historical
Earthquake; Light-frame Wood Building
ID TIME HISTORIES; MODEL; SEISMOGRAMS; EARTHQUAKES; PREDICTION; PARAMETERS;
CRITERIA; INDEXES; STRESS
AB Earthquake damage to light-frame wood buildings is a major concern for North America because of the volume of this construction type. In order to estimate wood building damage using synthetic ground motions, we need to verify the ability of synthetically generated ground motions to simulate realistic damage for this structure type. Through a calibrated damage potential indicator, four different synthetic ground motion models are compared with the historically recorded ground motions at corresponding sites. We conclude that damage for sites farther from the fault (>20 km) is under-predicted on average and damage at closer sites is sometimes over-predicted.
C1 [Pei, Shiling] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80403 USA.
[van de Lindt, John W.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hartzell, Stephen; Luco, Nicolas] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO USA.
RP Pei, SL (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80403 USA.
EM spei@mines.edu
FU National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program of the U.S. Geological
Survey, External Research Grant [G09AP00011]; U.S. NSF Grant
[CMMI-0529903]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Earthquake Hazards
Reduction Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, External Research Grant
No. G09AP00011. Support for SAPWood programming was provided through
U.S. NSF Grant CMMI-0529903.
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1363-2469
EI 1559-808X
J9 J EARTHQ ENG
JI J. Earthqu. Eng.
PD APR 3
PY 2014
VL 18
IS 3
BP 389
EP 406
DI 10.1080/13632469.2013.856822
PG 18
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA AE5QB
UT WOS:000334042600004
ER
PT J
AU Juraska, A
Wood, L
Giroux, J
Wood, E
AF Juraska, Ashley
Wood, Lindsey
Giroux, Jennifer
Wood, Eric
TI Sexual Assault Services Coverage on Native American Land
SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC NURSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska Native; American Indian; GIS; Indian Health Service; Native
American; Native Hawaiian; rape; sexual assault; sexual assault
examiner; sexual assault response team
ID NURSE EXAMINER; PROGRAM; IMPACT
AB Native American women experience higher rates of sexual assault than other women in the United States, yet there is limited information on the accessibility of forensic services for Native American victims of sexual violence. This study used geographic information systems technology to map known sexual assault examiner (SAE) and sexual assault response team (SART) programs in the United States (n = 873) in proximity to 650 census-designated Native American lands. Analysis was repeated for 29 Indian Health Service and tribal-operated facilities that self-identified that they provide sexual assault examinations. Network analysis showed that 30.7% of Native American land is within a 60-minute driving distance of a facility offering SAE or SART services. Indian Health Service and tribal-operated facilities increased accessibility to SAE services on 35 Native American lands. This study shows gaps in coverage for more than two thirds of Native American lands, including 381 lands with no coverage, highlighting the need for expanded SAE and SART services near or on Native American land.
C1 [Juraska, Ashley] Great Plains Tribal Chairmens Hlth Board, Rapid City, SD USA.
[Wood, Lindsey] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
[Wood, Eric] US Geol Survey, Washington, DC USA.
RP Juraska, A (reprint author), 12309 Indian Mound Dr, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
EM Ashley.Juraska@gmail.com
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 12
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA
SN 1556-3693
EI 1939-3938
J9 J FORENSIC NURS
JI J. Forensic Nurs.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 2
BP 92
EP 97
DI 10.1097/JFN.0000000000000025
PG 6
WC Criminology & Penology; Nursing
SC Criminology & Penology; Nursing
GA CB5NN
UT WOS:000349674500006
PM 24847872
ER
PT J
AU Writer, JH
Hohner, A
Oropeza, J
Schmidt, A
Cawley, K
Rosario-Ortiz, FL
AF Writer, Jeffrey H.
Hohner, Amanda
Oropeza, Jill
Schmidt, Amanda
Cawley, Kaelin
Rosario-Ortiz, Fernando L.
TI Water treatment implications after the High Park Wildfire in Colorado
SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
AB This study evaluated potential impacts of the 2012 High Park wildfire in the Poudre River Watershed, Colorado, on source water quality and water treatment. The formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) was evaluated by treating water samples with chlorine following uniform formation conditions. The efficacy of alum coagulation for reducing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and DBP concentrations was also evaluated. Postwildfire thunderstorms and spring snowmelt increased DOC and DBP concentrations relative to base flow conditions. Alum coagulation effectively reduced DOC concentrations (by 30-60% at a dose of 50 mg/L) and DBP formation (i.e., total trihalomethanes [TTHMs] reduced by 60-80% at a dose of 50 mg/L). The Fort Collins, Colo., drinking water treatment facility responded to the High Park Wildfire by increasing environmental monitoring, using multiple water supplies, and constructing a presedimentation basin to effectively deliver high-quality drinking water to its customers in the year following the High Park wildfire.
C1 [Writer, Jeffrey H.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Writer, Jeffrey H.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80304 USA.
RP Writer, JH (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, 428 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM writer@colorado.edu
OI WRITER, JEFFREY/0000-0002-8585-8166
NR 0
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 25
PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC
PI DENVER
PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA
SN 2164-4535
J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS
JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 106
IS 4
BP 85
EP 86
DI 10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0055
PG 2
WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA AZ5PJ
UT WOS:000348272200021
ER
PT J
AU Whiteman, J
Harlow, H
Ben-David, M
Durner, G
AF Whiteman, John
Harlow, Henry
Ben-David, Merav
Durner, George
TI Polar bear body temperatures and behavior in the changing Arctic summer
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Harlow, Henry] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Whiteman, John; Ben-David, Merav] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Durner, George] USGS, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 25
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA 1104.25
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0OG
UT WOS:000346651001290
ER
PT J
AU Maher, K
Ibarra, DE
Oster, JL
Miller, DM
Redwine, JL
Reheis, MC
Harden, JW
AF Maher, Kate
Ibarra, Daniel E.
Oster, Jessica L.
Miller, David M.
Redwine, Joanna L.
Reheis, Marith C.
Harden, Jennifer W.
TI URANIUM ISOTOPES IN SOILS AS A PROXY FOR PAST INFILTRATION AND
PRECIPITATION ACROSS THE WESTERN UNITED STATES
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Paleohydrology; soil carbonate; U-series geochronology; pluvial lakes
ID LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; C ICE CORE; YUCCA MOUNTAIN; GREAT-BASIN; U-SERIES;
LATE-PLEISTOCENE; PLUVIAL-LAKE; NORTH-AMERICA; ENVIRONMENTAL TRACERS;
GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
AB The intermittent presence of large Pleistocene lakes in the southwestern interior of North America, a region that is now a semi-arid desert, suggests repeated oscillations between profoundly different climatic conditions. The origin of these shifts is still unresolved due to inconsistencies in existing climate proxy data (for example, pollen, lake levels, and oxygen isotopes in speleothems). To resolve the inconsistencies in the water balance over the last 10 to 60 kyr, we use uranium isotopic variations in secondary soil minerals to quantify net infiltration and precipitation along a north-south transect in western North America. We show that winter infiltration increased by 30 to 100 percent, and precipitation by a lesser amount, in the valleys of the Great Basin and Mojave deserts between 60 and similar to 26 ka. This increase in infiltration and precipitation preceded the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the timing of most lake highstands in the region by 5 to 10 kyr, respectively, suggesting a possible Last Precipitation Maximum (LPM) that coincided with a minimum in winter insolation. Subsequent decreases in infiltration and precipitation after the LGM can be reconciled with the timing of lake highstands if colder summer temperatures due to a minimum in summer insolation reduced lake evaporation. The soil records, combined with a range of proxy data, suggest that seasonal insolation is the long-term driver for large shifts in both precipitation and surface water variability in the region.
C1 [Maher, Kate; Ibarra, Daniel E.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Oster, Jessica L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Nashville, TN 37240 USA.
[Miller, David M.; Redwine, Joanna L.; Harden, Jennifer W.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94301 USA.
[Reheis, Marith C.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Maher, K (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM kmaher@stanford.edu
RI Ibarra, Daniel/E-6141-2013; Maher, Kate/B-3489-2010
OI Ibarra, Daniel/0000-0002-9980-4599; Maher, Kate/0000-0002-5982-6064
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0921134]; USGS (Geology Venture Capital
Fund)
FX This research was supported by grants from the National Science
Foundation (EAR-0921134) to KM and the USGS (Geology Venture Capital
Fund) to KM, DM, MR and JH. Friedhelm von Blanckenburg, Mike Hren and
Matt Fantle are acknowledged for thorough reviews that greatly improved
the manuscript and Matt Winnick is acknowledged for his help in
processing climate model output. We also acknowledge the staff of the
USGS-Stanford SHRIMP-RG laboratory for their assistance in conducting
the ion microprobe analyses.
NR 125
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 30
PU AMER JOURNAL SCIENCE
PI NEW HAVEN
PA YALE UNIV, PO BOX 208109, NEW HAVEN, CT 06520-8109 USA
SN 0002-9599
EI 1945-452X
J9 AM J SCI
JI Am. J. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 314
IS 4
BP 821
EP 857
DI 10.2475/04.2014.01
PG 37
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AT7GP
UT WOS:000345105100001
ER
PT J
AU Cogger, BJ
De Jager, NR
Thomsen, M
Adams, CR
AF Cogger, Benjamin J.
De Jager, Nathan R.
Thomsen, Meredith
Adams, Carrie Reinhardt
TI Winter Browse Selection by White-tailed Deer and Implications for
Bottomland Forest Restoration in the Upper Mississippi River Valley, USA
SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE electivity; foraging; functional response; oak; willow
ID ALTERNATE STABLE STATES; FLOODPLAIN FOREST; REED CANARYGRASS;
ISLE-ROYALE; PHALARIS-ARUNDINACEA; VEGETATION DYNAMICS;
POPULATION-DENSITY; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; BOREAL FORESTS; INVASIVE GRASS
AB White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) forage selectively, modifying upland forest species composition and in some cases shifting ecosystems to alternative stable states. Few studies, however, have investigated plant selection by deer in bottomland forests. Herbaceous invasive species are common in wetlands and their expansion could be promoted if deer avoid them and preferentially feed on native woody species. We surveyed plant species composition and winter deer browsing in 14 floodplain forest restoration sites along the Upper Mississippi River and tributaries. Tree seedling density declined rapidly with increasing cover of invasive Phalaris arundinacea, averaging less than 1 per m(2) in all sites in which the grass was present. Deer browsed similar to 46% of available tree seedling stems (branches) at mainland restorations, compared to similar to 3% at island sites. Across all tree species, the number of browsed stems increased linearly with the number available and responded unimodally to tree height. Maximum browsing rates were observed on trees with high stem abundances (>10 per plant) and of heights between 50 and 150 cm. Deer preferred Ulmus americana and Acer saccharinum, and avoided Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Acer negundo, and Quercus spp. at mainland sites, and did not browse Phalaris arundinacea if present. Depending on plant growth responses to herbivory and the competitive effects of unbrowsed species, our results suggest that selective foraging could promote the expansion of invasive species and/or alter tree species composition in bottomland forest restorations. Islands may, however, serve as refuges from browsing on a regional scale.
C1 [Cogger, Benjamin J.; Thomsen, Meredith] Univ Wisconsin, Studies Ctr, Dept Biol & River, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[De Jager, Nathan R.] USGS Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Adams, Carrie Reinhardt] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Hort, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Cogger, BJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Studies Ctr, Dept Biol & River, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
EM cogge013@d.umn.edu
FU National Great Rivers Research and Education Center; University of
Wisconsin-La Crosse (UW-L); Long Term Resources Monitoring Component of
the Upper Mississippi River Restoration-Environmental Monitoring
Program; Refuge Cooperative Research Program; Department of the
Interior, USGS; University of Florida [05HQRU1544]
FX This work was partially supported by the National Great Rivers Research
and Education Center, the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse (UW-L), and
the Long Term Resources Monitoring Component of the Upper Mississippi
River Restoration-Environmental Monitoring Program. Funding for research
in sites associated with the Reed Canary Grass Adaptive Management
project was provided by the Refuge Cooperative Research Program, with
support and collaboration of the Department of the Interior, USGS and
the University of Florida under Research Work Order 05HQRU1544. We thank
the MNDNR, USFWS, and the USACE for access to their field sites. We are
also grateful to numerous individuals at UW-L for their help in the
field and with the review of earlier drafts of the manuscript. Use of
trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 66
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 39
PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC
PI ROCKFORD
PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA
SN 0885-8608
EI 2162-4399
J9 NAT AREA J
JI Nat. Areas J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 2
BP 144
EP 153
DI 10.3375/043.034.0204
PG 10
WC Ecology; Forestry
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA AQ5VD
UT WOS:000342875800003
ER
PT J
AU Banwart, S
Black, H
Cai, ZC
Gicheru, P
Joosten, H
Victoria, R
Milne, E
Noellemeyer, E
Pascual, U
Nziguheba, G
Vargas, R
Bationo, A
Buschiazzo, D
de-Brogniez, D
Melillo, J
Richter, D
Termansen, M
van Noordwijk, M
Goverse, T
Ballabio, C
Bhattacharyya, T
Goldhaber, M
Nikolaidis, N
Zhao, YC
Funk, R
Duffy, C
Pan, GX
la Scala, N
Gottschalk, P
Batjes, N
Six, J
van Wesemael, B
Stocking, M
Bampa, F
Bernoux, M
Feller, C
Lemanceau, P
Montanarella, L
AF Banwart, Steve S
Black, Helaina B
Cai, Zucong Z
Gicheru, Patrick G
Joosten, Hans J
Victoria, Reynaldo V
Milne, Eleanor E
Noellemeyer, Elke N
Pascual, Unai P
Nziguheba, Generose G
Vargas, Rodrigo R
Bationo, Andre B
Buschiazzo, Daniel B
de-Brogniez, Delphine D
Melillo, Jerry M
Richter, Dan R
Termansen, Mette T
van Noordwijk, Meine N
Goverse, Tessa G
Ballabio, Cristiano C
Bhattacharyya, Tapas B
Goldhaber, Marty M
Nikolaidis, Nikolaos N
Zhao, Yongcun Z
Funk, Roger F
Duffy, Chris C
Pan, Genxing P
la Scala, Newton L
Gottschalk, Pia G
Batjes, Niels B
Six, Johan
van Wesemael, Bas W
Stocking, Michael S
Bampa, Francesca B
Bernoux, Martial B
Feller, Christian C
Lemanceau, Philippe P
Montanarella, Luca L
TI Benefits of soil carbon: report on the outcomes of an international
scientific committee on problems of the environment rapid assessment
workshop
SO CARBON MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID EROSION
AB A Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment Rapid Assessment (SCOPE-RAP) workshop was held on 18-22 March 2013. This workshop was hosted by the European Commission, JRC Centre at Ispra, Italy, and brought together 40 leading experts from Africa, Asia, Europe and North and South America to create four synthesis chapters aimed at identifying knowledge gaps, research requirements, and policy innovations. Given the forthcoming publication by CABI of a book volume of the outcomes of the SCOPE-RAP in 2014, this workshop report provides an update on the global societal challenge of soil carbon management and some of the main issues and solutions that were identified in the four working sessions.
C1 [Banwart, Steve S] Univ Sheffield, Kroto Res Inst, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
[Black, Helaina B] James Hutton Inst, Aberdeen, Scotland.
[Cai, Zucong Z] Nanjing Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Gicheru, Patrick G] KARI, Natl Agr Res Labs, Nairobi, Kenya.
[Joosten, Hans J] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Bot & Landscape Ecol, Greifswald, Germany.
[Victoria, Reynaldo V] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Milne, Eleanor E] Colorado State Univ, Boulder, CO USA.
[Milne, Eleanor E] Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England.
[Noellemeyer, Elke N] Natl Univ La Pampa, Fac Agron, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina.
[Pascual, Unai P] Basque Ctr Climate Change, Bilbao, Spain.
[Nziguheba, Generose G] Columbia Univ, Trop Agr & Rural Environm Program Earth Inst, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Vargas, Rodrigo R] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Bationo, Andre B] IFDC, Northern & West Africa Div, Akkra, Ghana.
[Buschiazzo, Daniel B] Inst Earth & Environm Sci La Pampa, Santa Rosa, Argentina.
[de-Brogniez, Delphine D; Ballabio, Cristiano C; Montanarella, Luca L] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
[Melillo, Jerry M] Marine Biol Lab, Ecosyst Ctr, New Haven, CT USA.
[Richter, Dan R] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
[Termansen, Mette T] Aarhus Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Aarhus, Denmark.
[van Noordwijk, Meine N] Int Ctr Res Agroforestry ICRAF, World Agroforestry Ctr, Bogor, Indonesia.
[Goverse, Tessa G] UNEP, Div Early Warning & Assessment, Nairobi, Kenya.
[Bhattacharyya, Tapas B] Indian Council Agr Res, Div Soil Resource Studies, Natl Bur SoilSurvey & Land Use Planning, Kolkata, W Bengal, India.
[Goldhaber, Marty M] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Nikolaidis, Nikolaos N] Tech Univ Crete, Dept Environm Engn, Iraklion, Greece.
[Zhao, Yongcun Z] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Funk, Roger F] Leibniz Ctr Agr Landscape Res ZALF, Inst Soil Landscape Res, Muncheberg, Germany.
[Duffy, Chris C] Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, State Coll, PA USA.
[Pan, Genxing P] Nanjing Agr Univ, Inst Resource Ecosyst & Environm Agr, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[la Scala, Newton L] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Gottschalk, Pia G] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Potsdam, Germany.
[Batjes, Niels B] ISRIC World Soil Informat, Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Six, Johan] ETH, Dept Environm Syst Sci, Zurich, Switzerland.
[van Wesemael, Bas W] UCL, Earth & Life Inst, Louvain, Belgium.
[Stocking, Michael S] Univ E Anglia, Sch Int Dev, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Bampa, Francesca B] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Agron Anim Alimenti Risorse Nat & Am, Padua, Italy.
[Bernoux, Martial B; Feller, Christian C] French Res Inst Dev, Montpellier, France.
[Lemanceau, Philippe P] Univ Burgundy, INRA, Joint Res Unit Soil Microbiol & Environm, Plant Hlth & Environm Div, Dijon, France.
RP Noellemeyer, E (reprint author), Natl Univ La Pampa, Fac Agron, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina.
EM noellemeyer@agro.unlpam.edu.ar
RI Batjes, Niels/F-7195-2010; BERNOUX, Martial/B-3090-2008; La Scala Jr.,
Newton/C-4398-2012; PASCUAL, UNAI/B-4766-2012; Banwart,
Steven/B-3915-2016; Vargas, Rodrigo/C-4720-2008; Funk, Roger/A-4412-2014
OI Noellemeyer, Elke/0000-0002-6229-5938; Batjes,
Niels/0000-0003-2367-3067; BERNOUX, Martial/0000-0002-2913-3590; van
Noordwijk, Meine/0000-0002-7791-4703; Ballabio,
Cristiano/0000-0001-7452-9271; PASCUAL, UNAI/0000-0002-5696-236X;
Banwart, Steven/0000-0001-7223-6678; Vargas,
Rodrigo/0000-0001-6829-5333;
FU University of Sheffield; USA National Science Foundation; EC JRC at
Ispra, Italy
FX The main financial support for the realization of the workshop was
received from The University of Sheffield, the USA National Science
Foundation and the EC JRC at Ispra, Italy.
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 30
PU FUTURE SCI LTD
PI LONDON
PA UNITED HOUSE, 2 ALBERT PL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND
SN 1758-3004
EI 1758-3012
J9 CARBON MANAG
JI Carbon Manag.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 2
BP 185
EP 192
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO4ZG
UT WOS:000341349300010
ER
PT J
AU Gregori, L
Nag, N
McDowell, K
Carlson, CM
Scheider, JR
Heisey, DM
Johnson, CJ
Comoy, EE
Deslys, JP
Asher, DM
AF Gregori, Luisa
Nag, Nabanita
McDowell, Kristy
Carlson, Christina M.
Scheider, Jay R.
Heisey, Dennis M.
Johnson, Christopher J.
Comoy, Emmanuel E.
Deslys, Jean-Philippe
Asher, David M.
TI In vitro amplification method to detect PrPTSE in blood of macaques
infected with vCJD
SO PRION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Gregori, Luisa; Nag, Nabanita; McDowell, Kristy; Asher, David M.] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA.
[Carlson, Christina M.; Scheider, Jay R.; Heisey, Dennis M.; Johnson, Christopher J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Carlson, Christina M.] Univ Wisconsin, Program Cellular & Mol Biol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Comoy, Emmanuel E.; Deslys, Jean-Philippe] CEA, Inst Emerging Dis & Innovat Therapies iMETI, Div Prions & Related Dis, Fontenay Aux Roses, France.
RI Johnson, Christopher/B-1436-2009
OI Johnson, Christopher/0000-0003-4539-2581
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA
SN 1933-6896
EI 1933-690X
J9 PRION
JI Prion
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 8
SU S
MA O.25
BP 23
EP 24
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AN5FD
UT WOS:000340614900053
ER
PT J
AU Ducett, JK
Gonzalez, RM
Rodriguez, CM
Gibbs, NM
Heisey, DM
Bennett, JP
Johnson, CJ
AF Ducett, Jeanette K.
Millan Gonzalez, Ricardo
Rodriguez, Cynthia M.
Gibbs, Nicole M.
Heisey, Dennis M.
Bennett, James P.
Johnson, Christopher J.
TI Intracerebral and oral challenge studies indicate a protective role for
lichens against prion infection
SO PRION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Ducett, Jeanette K.; Millan Gonzalez, Ricardo; Rodriguez, Cynthia M.; Gibbs, Nicole M.; Heisey, Dennis M.; Bennett, James P.; Johnson, Christopher J.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Ducett, Jeanette K.; Rodriguez, Cynthia M.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
[Millan Gonzalez, Ricardo] La Salle Univ, Bogota, Colombia.
RI Johnson, Christopher/B-1436-2009
OI Johnson, Christopher/0000-0003-4539-2581
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA
SN 1933-6896
EI 1933-690X
J9 PRION
JI Prion
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 8
SU S
MA P.137
BP 88
EP 89
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AN5FD
UT WOS:000340614900192
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, CJ
Carlson, CM
Schneider, JR
Wiepz, JK
Meyerett-Reid, CL
Zabel, MD
Pedersen, JA
Heisey, DM
AF Johnson, Christopher J.
Carlson, Christina M.
Schneider, Jay R.
Wiepz, Jamie K.
Meyerett-Reid, Crystal L.
Zabel, Mark D.
Pedersen, Joel A.
Heisey, Dennis M.
TI Phenotypic diversity in meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) prion
diseases following challenge with chronic wasting disease isolates
SO PRION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Johnson, Christopher J.; Carlson, Christina M.; Schneider, Jay R.; Wiepz, Jamie K.; Heisey, Dennis M.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Carlson, Christina M.; Pedersen, Joel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
[Meyerett-Reid, Crystal L.; Zabel, Mark D.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RI Johnson, Christopher/B-1436-2009; Carlson, Christina/D-8327-2013;
Carlson, Christina/P-6507-2015
OI Johnson, Christopher/0000-0003-4539-2581; Carlson,
Christina/0000-0002-4950-8273; Carlson, Christina/0000-0002-4950-8273
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA
SN 1933-6896
EI 1933-690X
J9 PRION
JI Prion
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 8
SU S
MA P.138
BP 89
EP 89
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AN5FD
UT WOS:000340614900193
ER
PT J
AU Evans, TS
Walter, WD
AF Evans, Tyler S.
Walter, W. David
TI Bayesian hierarchical modeling of chronic wasting disease in
free-ranging white-tailed deer in the eastern US
SO PRION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Evans, Tyler S.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Walter, W. David] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA
SN 1933-6896
EI 1933-690X
J9 PRION
JI Prion
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 8
SU S
MA P.163
BP 101
EP 101
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AN5FD
UT WOS:000340614900218
ER
PT J
AU McCauley, A
Bradley, DC
AF McCauley, Andrew
Bradley, Dwight C.
TI THE GLOBAL AGE DISTRIBUTION OF GRANITIC PEGMATITES
SO CANADIAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE granitic pegmatite; LCT pegmatite; NYF pegmatite; secular trends;
supercontinent
ID U-PB GEOCHRONOLOGY; CA-TIMS METHOD; GEOLOGIC TIME; EVOLUTION; ZIRCON;
OROGENS; MAGMATISM; DEPOSITS; WESTERN; ORIGIN
AB An updated global compilation of 377 new and previously published ages indicates that granitic pegmatites range in age from Mesoarchean to Neogene and have a semi-periodic age distribution. Undivided granitic pegmatites show twelve age maxima: 2913, 2687, 2501, 1853, 1379, 1174, 988, 525, 483, 391, 319, and 72 Ma. These peaks correspond broadly with various proxy records of supercontinent assembly, including the age distributions of granites, detrital zircon grains, and passive margins. Lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites have a similar age distribution to the undivided granitic pegmatites, with maxima at 2638, 1800, 962, 529, 485, 371, 309, and 274 Ma. Lithium and Ta resources in LCT pegmatites are concentrated in the Archean and Phanerozoic. While there are some Li resources from the Proterozoic, the dominantly bimodal distribution of resources is particularly evident for Ta. This distribution is similar to that of orogenic gold deposits, and has been interpreted to reflect the preservation potential of the orogenic belts where these deposits are formed. Niobium-yttrium-fluorine (NYF) pegmatites show similar age distributions to LCT pegmatites, but with a strong maximum at ca. 1000 Ma.
C1 [McCauley, Andrew; Bradley, Dwight C.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP McCauley, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM andrew.mccauley@apachecorp.com
NR 56
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 12
PU MINERALOGICAL ASSOC CANADA
PI QUEBEC
PA 490, RUE DE LA COURONNE, QUEBEC, QC G1K 9A9, CANADA
SN 0008-4476
EI 1499-1276
J9 CAN MINERAL
JI Can. Mineral.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 52
IS 2
BP 183
EP 190
DI 10.3749/canmin.52.1.183
PG 8
WC Mineralogy
SC Mineralogy
GA AM2ST
UT WOS:000339701800004
ER
PT J
AU Irons, TP
Martin, KE
Finn, CA
Bloss, BR
Horton, RJ
AF Irons, Trevor P.
Martin, Kathryn E.
Finn, Carol A.
Bloss, Benjamin R.
Horton, Robert J.
TI Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Transient Electromagnetics to
characterise water distribution beneath an ice covered volcanic crater:
the case of Sherman Crater Mt. Baker, Washington
SO NEAR SURFACE GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Workshop on Magnetic Resonance Subsurface
CT 5th Workshop Magnetic Resonance Subsurface
CY SEP 25-27, 2012
CY SEP 25-27, 2012
CL Hannover, GERMANY
CL Hannover, GERMANY
ID DRIVEN GROUNDWATER-FLOW; MOUNT-RAINIER-VOLCANO; SURFACE NMR DATA;
GEOMAGNETIC-FIELD; DEBRIS-FLOW; TEM DATA; RELAXATION; AQUIFERS;
INVERSION; SLOPE
AB Surface and laboratory Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) measurements combined with transient electromagnetic (TEM) data are powerful tools for subsurface water detection. Surface NMR (sNMR) and TEM soundings, laboratory NMR, complex resistivity, and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis were all conducted to characterise the distribution of water within Sherman Crater on Mt. Baker, WA. Clay rich rocks, particularly if water saturated, can weaken volcanoes, thereby increasing the potential for catastrophic sector collapses that can lead to far-travelled, destructive debris flows. Detecting the presence and volume of shallow groundwater is critical for evaluating these landslide hazards. The TEM data identified a low resistivity layer (<10 ohm-m), under 60 m of glacial ice related to water saturated clays. The TEM struggles to resolve the presence or absence of a plausible thin layer of bulk liquid water on top of the clay. The sNMR measurements did not produce any observable signal, indicating the lack of substantial accumulated bulk water below the ice. Laboratory analysis on a sample from the crater wall that likely represented the clays beneath the ice confirmed that the controlling factor for the lack of sNMR signal was the fine-grained nature of the media. The laboratory measurements further indicated that small pores in clays detected by the XRD contain as much as 50% water, establishing an upper bound on the water content in the clay layer. Forward modelling of geologic scenarios revealed that bulk water layers as thin as m between the ice and clay layer would have been detectable using sNMR. The instrumentation conditions which would allow for sNMR detection of the clay layer are investigated. Using current instrumentation the combined analysis of the TEM and sNMR data allow for valuable characterisation of the groundwater system in the crater. The sNMR is able to reduce the uncertainty of the TEM in regards to the presence of a bulk water layer, a valuable piece of information in hazard assessment.
C1 [Irons, Trevor P.; Martin, Kathryn E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Ctr Grav Elect & Magnet Studies, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Irons, Trevor P.; Finn, Carol A.; Bloss, Benjamin R.; Horton, Robert J.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Martin, Kathryn E.] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineers Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
RP Irons, TP (reprint author), XRI Geophys, 6207 Highway 80 East, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
EM Trevor.Irons@xrigeo.com
NR 74
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 14
PU EUROPEAN ASSOC GEOSCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS
PI 3990 DB, HOUTEN
PA PO BOX 59, 3990 DB, HOUTEN, 00000, NETHERLANDS
SN 1569-4445
EI 1873-0604
J9 NEAR SURF GEOPHYS
JI Near Surf. Geophys.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 12
IS 2
BP 285
EP 296
DI 10.3997/1873-0604.2014009
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AM1QU
UT WOS:000339623700010
ER
PT J
AU Lee, JJ
Giersch, JJ
AF Lee, Jonathan J.
Giersch, J. Joseph
TI A new species in the Rhyacophila vagrita group (Trichoptera:
Rhyacophilidae) from Olympic National Park, Washington, USA
SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Trichoptera; Rhyacophilidae; Rhyacophila; vagrita group; Olympic
National Park; new species
AB Rhyacophila bifurcata sp. nov. is described from males collected in Olympic National Park, Washington. The new species is most similar to R. milnei Ross, 1950. A diagnosis and discussion of the R. vagrita group are given.
C1 [Giersch, J. Joseph] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA.
RP Lee, JJ (reprint author), 2337 15th St, Eureka, CA 95501 USA.
EM jlee@humboldt1.com; jgiersch@usgs.gov
FU Pacific Coast Entomological Society
FX Thanks to the senior author's brother, Rob Lee, for collecting
assistance in Olympic National Park. Dr. Jerry Freilich, Research
Coordinator, Olympic National Park, allowed us to collect in the Park.
Dave Ruiter provided taxonomic assistance with the new species and
helped with preparing the figure plates. Jamie Zahniser, Illinois
Natural History Survey, provided the loan of a R. milnei paratype. The
Entomological Society of Canada allowed the use of figures 7-10. We
gratefully acknowledge the receipt of a C. P. Alexander grant from the
Pacific Coast Entomological Society to help defray the publishing costs
of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA C/O CALIFORNIA ACADEMY SCIENCES, 875 HOWARD STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA
94103-3009 USA
SN 0031-0603
EI 2162-0237
J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL
JI Pan-Pacific Entomol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 2
BP 53
EP 56
PG 4
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA AL9JT
UT WOS:000339458100001
ER
PT J
AU Orejola, N
Passchier, S
Brinkhuis, H
Dotti, CE
Klaus, A
Fehr, A
Williams, T
Bendle, JAP
Bijl, PK
Bohaty, SM
Carr, SA
Dunbar, RB
Flores, JA
Gonzalez, JJ
Hayden, TG
Iwai, M
Jimenez-Espejo, FJ
Katsuki, K
Kong, GS
McKay, RM
Nakai, M
Olney, MP
Passchier, S
Pekar, SF
Pross, J
Riesselman, C
Rohl, U
Sakai, T
Shrivastava, PK
Stickley, CE
Sugisaki, S
Tauxe, L
Tuo, ST
van de Flierdt, T
Welsh, K
Yamane, M
AF Orejola, Nadine
Passchier, Sandra
Brinkhuis, Hendrik
Escutia Dotti, Carlota
Klaus, Adam
Fehr, Annick
Williams, Trevor
Bendle, James A. P.
Bijl, Peter K.
Bohaty, Steven M.
Carr, Stephanie A.
Dunbar, Robert B.
Flores, Jose-Abel
Gonzalez, Jhon J.
Hayden, Travis G.
Iwai, Masao
Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J.
Katsuki, Kota
Kong, Gee Soo
McKay, Robert M.
Nakai, Mutsumi
Olney, Matthew P.
Passchier, Sandra
Pekar, Stephen F.
Pross, Joerg
Riesselman, Christina
Roehl, Ursula
Sakai, Toyosaburo
Shrivastava, Prakash Kumar
Stickley, Catherine E.
Sugisaki, Saiko
Tauxe, Lisa
Tuo, Shouting
van de Flierdt, Tina
Welsh, Kevin
Yamane, Masako
CA Iodp Expedition 318 Scientists
TI Sedimentology of lower Pliocene to Upper Pleistocene diamictons from
IODP Site U1358, Wilkes Land margin, and implications for East Antarctic
Ice Sheet dynamics
SO ANTARCTIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE continental shelf; geochemistry; heavy minerals; particle size;
provenance
ID GLACIAL-MARINE; GEORGE-V; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; SIZE ANALYSIS; SHELF; SEA;
HISTORY; ADELIE
AB During the early Pliocene a dynamic marine-based ice sheet retreated from the Wilkes Land margin with periodic ice advances beyond Last Glacial Maximum position. A change in sand provenance is indicative of a more stable Mertz Glacier system during the Late Pleistocene. East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) dynamics were evaluated through the analysis of marine diamictons from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) site U1358 on the Adelie Land continental shelf. The warmer than present conditions of the early Pliocene coupled with the site's proximity to the landward sloping Wilkes Subglacial Basin provided the rationale for the investigations at this site. Based on visual core descriptions, particle size distributions, and major and trace element ratios, we interpret the origin of lower Pliocene strata by intermittent glaciomarine sedimentation with open-marine conditions and extensive glacial advances to the outer shelf. Heavy mineral analyses show that sand-sized detritus in the lower Pliocene strata was sourced from local intermediate to high-grade metamorphic rocks near Mertz Glacier. In contrast, Pleistocene diamictons exhibit a larger contribution from a prehnite-pumpellyite greenschist facies suggesting supply via iceberg rafting from northern Victoria Land. From this sedimentological evidence, we postulate a shift from a dynamic EAIS margin in the early Pliocene to possible stabilization in the Pleistocene.
C1 [Orejola, Nadine; Passchier, Sandra] Montclair State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Studies, 1 Normal Ave, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
[Brinkhuis, Hendrik; Bijl, Peter K.] Univ Utrecht, Inst Environm Biol, Lab Palaeobot & Palynol, Budapestlaan 4, NL-3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Escutia Dotti, Carlota] Univ Granada, CSIC, Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra, Campus Fuentenueva S-N, Granada 18002, Spain.
[Klaus, Adam] Texas A&M Univ, US Implementing Org Integrated Ocean Drilling Pro, 1000 Discovery Dr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[Fehr, Annick] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Appl Geophys & Geothermal Energy, Mathieustr 6, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
[Williams, Trevor] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Geol Observ, Borehole Res Grp, POB 1000,61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Bendle, James A. P.] Univ Glasgow, Geog & Earth Sci, Gregory Bldg,Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow G128QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Bendle, James A. P.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Aston Webb Bldg, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Bohaty, Steven M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England.
[Carr, Stephanie A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, 1500 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Dunbar, Robert B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Environm Earth Syst Sci, 325 Braun Hall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Flores, Jose-Abel] Univ Salamanca, Fac Ciencias, Dept Geol, GGO, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain.
[Gonzalez, Jhon J.] Univ Granada, Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra, Campus Fuentenueva s-n, Granada 18002, Spain.
[Hayden, Travis G.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geol, 1187 Rood Hall,1903 West Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
[Iwai, Masao] Kochi Univ, Dept Nat Sci, 2-5-1 Akebono Cho, Kochi 7808520, Japan.
[Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J.] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Inst Res Earth Evolut IFREE, Natsushima Cho 2-15, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[Katsuki, Kota] Kochi Univ, Marine Ctr Adv Core Res, Nanko Ku, B200 Monobe, Kochi 7838502, Japan.
[Kong, Gee Soo] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Petr & Marine Res Div, 30 Gajeong Dong, Daejeon 305350, South Korea.
[McKay, Robert M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Antarctic Res Ctr, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
[Nakai, Mutsumi] Daito Bunka Univ, Dept Educ, Itabashi Ku, 1-9-1 Takashima Daira, Tokyo 1758571, Japan.
[Olney, Matthew P.] Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, 4202 East Fowler Ave,SCA 528, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Passchier, Sandra] Montclair State Univ, Earth & Environm Studies, 252 Mallory Hall,1 Normal Ave, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
[Pekar, Stephen F.] CUNY Queens Coll, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
[Pross, Joerg] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Geosci, Altenhoeferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Pross, Joerg] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Earth Sci, Paleoenvironm Dynam Grp, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Riesselman, Christina] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Braun Hall,Bldg 320, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Riesselman, Christina] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Roehl, Ursula] Univ Bremen, MARUM Ctr Marine Environm Sci, Leobener Str, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Sakai, Toyosaburo] Utsunomiya Univ, Dept Geol, 350 Mine Machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 3218505, Japan.
[Shrivastava, Prakash Kumar] Geol Survey India, Antarctica Div, NH5P,NIT, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India.
[Stickley, Catherine E.] Univ Tromso, Dept Geol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway.
[Sugisaki, Saiko] Grad Univ Adv Study, Dept Polar Sci, 10-3 Midori Cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 1908518, Japan.
[Sugisaki, Saiko] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Frontier Bldg 4F,2-15 Natsushima Cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[Tauxe, Lisa] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Geosci Res Div, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Tuo, Shouting] Tongji Univ, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci, 1239 Spring Rd, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
[van de Flierdt, Tina] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Welsh, Kevin] Univ Queensland, Sch Earth Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Yamane, Masako] Univ Tokyo, Earth & Planetary Sci, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
RP Passchier, S (reprint author), Montclair State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Studies, 1 Normal Ave, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
EM passchiers@mail.montclair.edu; H.Brinkhuis@uu.nl; cescutia@ugr.es;
aklaus@iodp.tamu.edu; a.fehr@geophysik.rwth-aachen.de;
trevor@ldeo.columbia.edu; J.Bendle@bham.ac.uk; p.k.bijl@uu.nl;
S.Bohaty@noc.soton.ac.uk; scarr@mines.edu; dunbar@stanford.edu;
flores@usal.es; jhonjairo@ugr.es; t4hayden@wmich.edu;
iwaim@kochi-u.ac.jp; fjjspejo@jamstec.go.jp; jm-kkota@kochi-u.ac.jp;
kong@kigam.re.kr; robert.mckay@vuw.ac.nz; nakai@ic.daito.ac.jp;
cyclingolney@yahoo.co.uk; passchiers@mail.montclair.edu;
stephen.pekar@qc.cuny.edu; joerg.pross@geow.uni-heidelberg.de;
criesselman@gmail.com; uroehl@marum.de; toyo.s.sakai@nifty.ne.jp;
pks.shri@gmail.com; catherine.stickley@gmail.com; saiko1219@aol.com;
ltauxe@ucsd.edu; shouting@mail.tongji.edu.cn;
tina.vandeflierdt@imperial.ac.uk; k.welsh1@uq.edu.au;
yamane@eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
RI Passchier, Sandra/B-1993-2008
OI Passchier, Sandra/0000-0001-7204-7025
FU shipboard salary and post-expedition activities [IUSSP410-T318A72];
National Science Foundation [OCE 1060080]; Merck and Roche Foundation
FX This research was supported by a shipboard salary and post-expedition
activities award (# IUSSP410-T318A72) administered by the Consortium for
Ocean Leadership, the National Science Foundation (award # OCE 1060080),
and an undergraduate research award through the SHIP program at
Montclair State University (sponsored by the Merck and Roche
Foundation). Samples were provided by the Integrated Ocean Drilling
Program. We thank the reviewers of this paper, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand
and Julie Brigham-Grette, for their valuable and insightful
contributions.
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0954-1020
EI 1365-2079
J9 ANTARCT SCI
JI Antarct. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 26
IS 2
BP 183
EP 192
DI 10.1017/S0954102013000527
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA AL8GH
UT WOS:000339375600009
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, DJ
Kicklighter, DW
McGuire, AD
Chen, M
Zhuang, QL
Yuan, FM
Melillo, JM
Wullschleger, SD
AF Hayes, Daniel J.
Kicklighter, David W.
McGuire, A. David
Chen, Min
Zhuang, Qianlai
Yuan, Fengming
Melillo, Jerry M.
Wullschleger, Stan D.
TI The impacts of recent permafrost thaw on land-atmosphere greenhouse gas
exchange
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE permafrost; carbon; arctic; boreal; modeling
ID INTERNATIONAL POLAR YEAR; HIGH-LATITUDE ECOSYSTEMS; NET PRIMARY
PRODUCTION; SOIL THERMAL DYNAMICS; CARBON RELEASE; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; ALASKAN TUNDRA; SEQUESTRATION; VULNERABILITY
AB Permafrost thaw and the subsequent mobilization of carbon (C) stored in previously frozen soil organic matter (SOM) have the potential to be a strong positive feedback to climate. As the northern permafrost region experiences as much as a doubling of the rate of warming as the rest of the Earth, the vast amount of C in permafrost soils is vulnerable to thaw, decomposition and release as atmospheric greenhouse gases. Diagnostic and predictive estimates of high-latitude terrestrial C fluxes vary widely among different models depending on how dynamics in permafrost, and the seasonally thawed 'active layer' above it, are represented. Here, we employ a process-based model simulation experiment to assess the net effect of active layer dynamics on this 'permafrost carbon feedback' in recent decades, from 1970 to 2006, over the circumpolar domain of continuous and discontinuous permafrost. Over this time period, the model estimates a mean increase of 6.8 cm in active layer thickness across the domain, which exposes a total of 11.6 Pg C of thawed SOM to decomposition. According to our simulation experiment, mobilization of this previously frozen C results in an estimated cumulative net source of 3.7 Pg C to the atmosphere since 1970 directly tied to active layer dynamics. Enhanced decomposition from the newly exposed SOM accounts for the release of both CO2 (4.0 Pg C) and CH4 (0.03 Pg C), but is partially compensated by CO2 uptake (0.3 Pg C) associated with enhanced net primary production of vegetation. This estimated net C transfer to the atmosphere from permafrost thaw represents a significant factor in the overall ecosystem carbon budget of the Pan-Arctic, and a non-trivial additional contribution on top of the combined fossil fuel emissions from the eight Arctic nations over this time period.
C1 [Hayes, Daniel J.; Yuan, Fengming; Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Hayes, Daniel J.; Yuan, Fengming; Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kicklighter, David W.; Melillo, Jerry M.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[McGuire, A. David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Chen, Min; Zhuang, Qianlai] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Hayes, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM hayesdj@ornl.gov
RI Zhuang, Qianlai/A-5670-2009; Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012
OI Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446
FU National Science Foundation's Arctic System Science Program [NSF
OPP-0531047]; Department of Energy (DOE) Early Career Award (DOE-BER)
[3ERKP818]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration's New
Investigator Program [NNX10AT66G]; Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments
(NGEE Arctic) project - Office of Biological and Environmental Research
in the DOE Office of Science
FX We thank Jitendru Kumar, Shuhua Yi and three anonymous reviewers for
their comments on previous versions of this manuscript, which greatly
improved the presentation of our study in this paper. This study was
supported through grants provided as part of the National Science
Foundation's Arctic System Science Program (NSF OPP-0531047), a
Department of Energy (DOE) Early Career Award (DOE-BER #3ERKP818), the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration's New Investigator Program
(NNX10AT66G) and the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE Arctic)
project supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research
in the DOE Office of Science.
NR 59
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 7
U2 75
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 4
AR 045005
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/9/4/045005
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AK9XD
UT WOS:000338781000019
ER
PT J
AU McPhee, DK
Langenheim, VE
Wells, RE
Blakely, RJ
AF McPhee, D. K.
Langenheim, V. E.
Wells, R. E.
Blakely, R. J.
TI Tectonic evolution of the Tualatin basin, northwest Oregon, as revealed
by inversion of gravity data
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID FORE-ARC MANTLE; COAST RANGE; AEROMAGNETIC DATA; WESTERN OREGON;
WASHINGTON; AREA; EARTHQUAKES; CALIFORNIA; CASCADIA; FAULTS
AB The Tualatin basin, west of Portland (Oregon, USA), coincides with a 110 mGal gravity low along the Puget-Willamette lowland. New gravity measurements (n = 3000) reveal a three-dimensional (3-D) subsurface geometry suggesting early development as a fault-bounded pull-apart basin. A strong northwest-trending gravity gradient coincides with the Gales Creek fault, which forms the southwestern boundary of the Tualatin basin. Faults along the northeastern margin in the Portland Hills and the northeast-trending Sherwood fault along the southeastern basin margin are also associated with gravity gradients, but of smaller magnitude. The gravity low reflects the large density contrast between basin fill and the mafic crust of the Siletz terrane composing basement. Inversions of gravity data indicate that the Tualatin basin is similar to 6 km deep, therefore 6 times deeper than the 1 km maximum depth of the Miocene Columba River Basalt Group (CRBG) in the basin, implying that the basin contains several kilometers of low-density pre-CRBG sediments and so formed primarily before the 15 Ma emplacement of the CRBG. The shape of the basin and the location of parallel, linear basin-bounding faults along the southwest and northeast margins suggest that the Tualatin basin originated as a pull-apart rhombochasm. Pre-CRBG extension in the Tualatin basin is consistent with an episode of late Eocene extension documented elsewhere in the Coast Ranges. The present fold and thrust geometry of the Tualatin basin, the result of Neogene compression, is superimposed on the ancestral pull-apart basin. The present 3-D basin geometry may imply stronger ground shaking along basin edges, particularly along the concealed northeast edge of the Tualatin basin beneath the greater Portland area.
C1 [McPhee, D. K.; Langenheim, V. E.; Wells, R. E.; Blakely, R. J.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP McPhee, DK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 2
BP 264
EP 275
DI 10.1130/GES00929.1
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AK8AK
UT WOS:000338649300005
ER
PT J
AU Bindeman, IN
Serebryakov, NS
Schmitt, AK
Vazquez, JA
Guan, Y
Azimov, PY
Astafiev, BY
Palandri, J
Dobrzhinetskaya, L
AF Bindeman, I. N.
Serebryakov, N. S.
Schmitt, A. K.
Vazquez, J. A.
Guan, Y.
Azimov, P. Ya.
Astafiev, B. Yu.
Palandri, J.
Dobrzhinetskaya, L.
TI Field and microanalytical isotopic investigation of ultradepleted in
O-18 Paleoproterozoic "Slushball Earth" rocks from Karelia, Russia
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID BELOMORIAN MOBILE BELT; EASTERN BALTIC SHIELD; PB ZIRCON AGES;
TI-IN-ZIRCON; METAMORPHIC ROCKS; U-PB; TRACE-ELEMENT; METASOMATIC ROCKS;
FACIES METAMORPHISM; MAGMATIC PROCESSES
AB The 1.85 Ga Belomorian Belt, Karelia, Russia, hosts ultralow delta O-18 and delta D (as low as -27.3% and -235% standard mean ocean water [SMOW], respectively), high-Al gneisses and amphibolites that we attribute to the Paleoproterozoic "Slushball Earth" glaciation. They now occur in at least 11 localities spanning 450 km. To constrain distribution of O-18-depleted rocks, we performed detailed field mapping in Khitostrov, where delta O-18 values are the lowest. Using 430 new and previously published laser fluorination isotope analyses, we show that the elongated, concentrically zoned area of delta O-18 depletion is greater than 6 x 2 km in areal extent, similar to 10 times larger than previously thought. Relationships between delta O-17 versus delta O-18 strictly adhere to the equilibrium terrestrial mass-dependent fractionation with a slope of 0.527. We also report the results of ion microprobe U-Pb geochronology of zircons coupled with co-registered oxygen isotope spot analyses for mafic intrusions and host gneisses in six localities. The 2.9-2.7 Ga gneiss zircon cores are normal in delta O-18 (5%-7%). They show truncated oscillatory cathodoluminescence (CL) patterns and rounded shape indicative of original igneous crystallization with subsequent detrital overprinting. A younger 2.6-2.55 Ga metamorphic zircon domain with normal delta O-18, low Th/U, dark cathodoluminescence, and also with rounded crystal morphology is commonly preserved. Cores are surrounded by ubiquitous rims highly depleted in delta O-18 (re-) crystallized with Svecofennian (1.85-1.89 Ga) ages. Rims are interpreted as metamorphic due to bright and uniform CL and Th/U <0.05. Mafic intrusions preserve few igneous zircon crystals between ca. 2.23 and 2.4 Ga in age, but neoblastic zircon in these intrusions originated mostly during 1.85 Ga Svecofennian metamorphism. The delta O-18-age relationship for metamorphic rims in zircon and corundum grains suggests that delta O-18 values of fluids were subtly increasing with time during metamorphism. Large metamorphic corundum grains have similar to 3% intracrystalline delta O-18 isotope zonation from -24 to -21%, which likely developed during interaction with metamorphic fluids. The Zr-in-rutile geothermometer temperatures are in the range of 760 to 720 degrees C, in accordance with mineral assemblages and amphibolite metamorphic grade. High and irregular rare-earth element (REE) abundance in cores and rims of many zircons correlates with high phosphorus content and is explained by nanometer-scale xenotime and monazite inclusions, likely in metamict zones during 1.85 Ga Svecofennian metamorphism. A survey of oxygen isotopes in ultrahigh-pressure diamond and coesitebearing metamorphic terrains around the world reveals normal to high-delta O-18 values, suggesting that the low delta O-18 in metamorphic rocks of Dabie Shan, Kokchetav, and in Karelia, are genetically unrelated to metamorphism. We discuss alternative ways to achieve extreme delta O-18 depletion by kinetic, Rayleigh, and thermal diffusion processes, and by metamorphism. We prefer an interpretation where the low-delta O-18 and high-Al signature of the rocks predates metamorphism, and is caused by shallow hydrothermal alteration and partial dissolution of the protolith surrounding shallow mafic intrusions by glacial meltwaters during pan-global Paleoproterozoic "Slushball Earth" glaciations between ca. 2.
4 and ca. 2.23 Ga.
C1 [Bindeman, I. N.; Palandri, J.] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Serebryakov, N. S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Petrog Mineral & Geol Ore Deposits IGEM, Moscow, Russia.
[Schmitt, A. K.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Vazquez, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Guan, Y.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Azimov, P. Ya.; Astafiev, B. Yu.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Precambrian Geol & Geochronol, St Petersburg 199034, Russia.
[Dobrzhinetskaya, L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
RP Bindeman, IN (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
RI UCLA, SIMS/A-1459-2011;
OI Schmitt, Axel/0000-0002-9029-4211
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1049351, EAR-CAREER 0805972]; CAMECA
[1270]; University of California, Los Angeles; Russian Foundation for
Basic Research [12-05-00706a]
FX We thank the National Science Foundation for funding of grants
EAR-1049351 and EAR-CAREER 0805972; IF-EAR funding of the CAMECA 1270
ion microprobe facility; the University of California, Los Angeles; and
the Russian Foundation for Basic Research for grant 12-05-00706a. We
also thank Pavel Medvedev, Sergei Svetov, and Denis Korpechkov for help
during fieldwork of 2011 and 2012, and Markus Walle for help with LA-ICP
MS. V. Kulikov kindly supplied samples from Vetreny Belt, and Kurt
Panter is thanked for collaboration on Antarctic secondary quartz. J.
Eiler and Caltech Ion microprobe facility are thanked for hosting I.
Bindeman during sabbatical, and Cliff Dax is thanked for electronics
support. Associate Editor Aaron Cavosie and two anonymous reviewers are
thanked for their careful reviews.
NR 101
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 24
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 2
BP 308
EP 339
DI 10.1130/GES00952.1
PG 32
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AK8AK
UT WOS:000338649300008
ER
PT J
AU Cosca, MA
Thompson, RA
Lee, JP
Turner, KJ
Neymark, LA
Premo, WR
AF Cosca, M. A.
Thompson, R. A.
Lee, J. P.
Turner, K. J.
Neymark, L. A.
Premo, W. R.
TI Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology, isotope geochemistry(Sr, Nd, Pb), and
petrology of alkaline lavas near Yampa, Colorado: Migration of alkaline
volcanism and evolution of the northern Rio Grande rift
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SOUTHERN ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; NEW-MEXICO;
NORTHWESTERN COLORADO; CONTINENTAL EXTENSION; AMERICAN CORDILLERA; RANGE
PROVINCE; CHEYENNE BELT; LEUCITE HILLS; FARALLON SLAB
AB Volcanic rocks near Yampa, Colorado (USA), represent one of several small late Miocene to Quaternary alkaline volcanic fields along the northeast margin of the Colorado Plateau. Basanite, trachybasalt, and basalt collected from six sites within the Yampa volcanic field were investigated to assess correlations with late Cenozoic extension and Rio Grande rifting. In this paper we report major and trace element rock and mineral compositions and Ar, Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope data for these volcanic rocks. High-precision Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology indicates westward migration of volcanism within the Yampa volcanic field between 6 and 4.5 Ma, and the Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope values are consistent with a primary source in the Proterozoic subcontinental lithospheric mantle. Relict olivine phenocrysts have Mg- and Ni-rich cores, whereas unmelted clinopyroxene cores are Na and Si enriched with finely banded Ca-, Mg-, Al-, and Ti-enriched rims, thus tracing their crystallization history from a lithospheric mantle source region to one in contact with melt prior to eruption. A regional synthesis of Neogene and younger volcanism within the Rio Grande rift corridor, from northern New Mexico to southern Wyoming, supports a systematic overall southwest migration of alkaline volcanism. We interpret this Neogene to Quaternary migration of volcanism toward the northeast margin of the Colorado Plateau to record passage of melt through subvertical zones within the lithosphere weakened by late Cenozoic extension. If the locus of Quaternary alkaline magmatism defines the current location of the Rio Grande rift, it includes the Leucite Hills, Wyoming. We suggest that alkaline volcanism in the incipient northern Rio Grande rift, north of Leadville, Colorado, represents melting of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle in response to transient infiltration of asthenospheric mantle into deep, subvertical zones of dilational crustal weakness developed during late Cenozoic extension that have been migrating toward, and subparallel to, the northeast margin of the Colorado Plateau since the middle Miocene. Quaternary volcanism within this northern Rio Grande rift corridor is evidence that the rift is continuing to evolve.
C1 [Cosca, M. A.; Thompson, R. A.; Lee, J. P.; Turner, K. J.; Neymark, L. A.; Premo, W. R.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Cosca, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
NR 85
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 12
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 2
BP 374
EP 400
DI 10.1130/GES00921.1
PG 27
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AK8AK
UT WOS:000338649300010
ER
PT J
AU Phillips-Mao, L
Larson, DL
Jordan, NR
AF Phillips-Mao, Laura
Larson, Diane L.
Jordan, Nicholas R.
TI Effects of Native Herbs and Light on Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata)
Invasion
SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Woodland herbs; species richness; native cover; resource availability;
plant invasions; biotic resistance; restoration
ID NONINDIGENOUS FOREST HERB; NORTH-AMERICAN FORESTS; GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEMS;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; EARTHWORM
INVASION; CENTRAL ILLINOIS; PLANT INVASION; DIVERSITY
AB The degree to which invasive species drive or respond to environmental change has important implications for conservation and invasion management. Often characterized as a driver of change in North American woodlands, the invasive herb garlic mustard may instead respond to declines in native plant cover and diversity. We tested effects of native herb cover, richness, and light availability on garlic mustard invasion in a Minnesota oak woodland. We planted 50 garlic mustard seeds into plots previously planted with 0 to 10 native herb species. We measured garlic mustard seedling establishment, survival to rosette and adult stages, and average (per plant) and total (per plot) biomass and silique production. With the use of structural equation models, we analyzed direct, indirect, and net effects of native cover, richness, and light on successive garlic mustard life stages. Native plant cover had a significant negative effect on all life stages. Species richness had a significant positive effect on native cover, resulting in indirect negative effects on all garlic mustard stages, and net negative effects on adult numbers, total biomass, and silique production. Light had a strong negative effect on garlic mustard seedling establishment and a positive effect on native herb cover, resulting in significant negative net effects on garlic mustard rosette and adult numbers. However, light's net effect on total garlic mustard biomass and silique production was positive; reproductive output was high even in low-light/high-cover conditions. Combined effects of cover, richness, and light suggest that native herbs provide biotic resistance to invasion by responding to increased light availability and suppressing garlic mustard responses, although this resistance may be overwhelmed by high propagule pressure. Garlic mustard invasion may occur, in part, in response to native plant decline. Restoring native herbs and controlling garlic mustard seed production may effectively reduce garlic mustard spread and restore woodland diversity.
C1 [Phillips-Mao, Laura] Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Larson, Diane L.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Jordan, Nicholas R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Phillips-Mao, L (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM phil0308@umn.edu
OI Larson, Diane/0000-0001-5202-0634
FU Minnesota Department of Natural Resources; Dayton Natural History Fund
FX Funding for this project was provided by the Minnesota Department of
Natural Resources and the Dayton Natural History Fund. The authors thank
the staff of Warner Nature Center for their support and cooperation. We
also thank Kathleen Knight for access to her study plots and data, and
for assistance with experimental design. Susan Galatowitsch and Peter
Reich provided valuable feedback on the design and on an earlier version
of this article, and Jim Grace provided advice on statistical analyses.
We are grateful to Sheri Huerd and Jennifer Larson for their guidance
with laboratory procedures, and to Katie Fender and Annie Weiler for lab
and field assistance. Finally, we thank D. Mushet, two anonymous
reviewers, and the associate editor for their valuable comments on a
previous version of this article. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 61
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 14
U2 68
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 1939-7291
EI 1939-747X
J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA
JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 2
BP 257
EP 268
DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-13-00003.1
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AK5PT
UT WOS:000338479000007
ER
PT J
AU Ostoja, SM
Brooks, ML
Dudley, T
Lee, SR
AF Ostoja, Steven M.
Brooks, Matthew L.
Dudley, Tom
Lee, Steven R.
TI Short-Term Vegetation Response Following Mechanical Control of Saltcedar
(Tamarix spp.) on the Virgin River, Nevada, USA
SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Virgin River; saltcedar; riparian; invasive species control; bull dozer
ID RIPARIAN RESTORATION; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; BIOCONTROL;
INVASIONS; DOMINANCE; INCREASE; REMOVAL; ARIZONA; WATER
AB Tamarisk (a.k.a. saltcedar, Tamarix spp.) is an invasive plant species that occurs throughout western riparian and wetland ecosystems. It is implicated in alterations of ecosystem structure and function and is the subject of many local control projects, including removal using heavy equipment. We evaluated short-term vegetation responses to mechanical Tamarix spp. removal at sites ranging from 2 to 5 yr post-treatment along the Virgin River in Nevada, USA. Treatments resulted in lower density and cover (but not eradication) of Tamarix spp., increased cover of the native shrub Pluchea sericia (arrow weed), decreased density and cover of all woody species combined, increased density of both native annual forbs and the nonnative annual Salsola tragus (prickly Russian-thistle), and lower density of nonnative annual grasses. The treated plots had lower mean woody species richness, but greater herbaceous species richness and diversity. Among herbaceous species, native taxa increased in richness whereas nonnative species increased in both species richness and diversity. Thus, efforts to remove Tamarix spp. at the Virgin River reduced vegetative cover contributing to fuel loads and probability of fire, and resulted in positive effects for native plant diversity, with mixed effects on other nonnative species. However, absolute abundances of native species and species diversity were very low, suggesting that targets of restoring vegetation to pre-invasion conditions were not met. Longer evaluation periods are needed to adequately evaluate how short-term post-treatment patterns translate to long-term patterns of plant community dynamics.
C1 [Ostoja, Steven M.; Brooks, Matthew L.; Lee, Steven R.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, Oakhurst, CA 93644 USA.
[Dudley, Tom] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Ostoja, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, Oakhurst, CA 93644 USA.
EM sostoja@usgs.gov
FU Clark County, NV; U.S. Geological Survey, Invasives Species Program
FX Clark County, NV and the U.S. Geological Survey, Invasives Species
Program, provided the funding for this research. Susan Jones and Rebecca
Sherry provided helpful comments on earlier versions of this paper. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 54
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 50
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 1939-7291
EI 1939-747X
J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA
JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 2
BP 310
EP 319
DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-13-00064.1
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AK5PT
UT WOS:000338479000012
ER
PT J
AU Hutchinson, JT
Langeland, KA
AF Hutchinson, Jeffrey T.
Langeland, Kenneth A.
TI Tolerance of Lygodium microphyllum and L. japonicum Spores and
Gametophytes to Freezing Temperature
SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Climbing ferns; Florida; freeze tolerance; invasive plants; natural
areas
ID INVASIVE WEED; FERN; FLORIDA
AB Old World climbing fern (OWCF) spores had lower germination rates (P = 0.0072) after being frozen for >= 3 h compared to <3 h, and were highly susceptible to freezing periods >= 6 h with a 5.8- to 13.3-fold reduction in spore germination compared to controls. Freezing temperature did not affect germination of Japanese climbing fern (JCF) spores compared to controls (P = 0.32). OWCF gametophytes had reduced survival at all exposures to freezing temperatures compared to controls (P < 0.0001), and had <0.5% survival for exposure times >= 3 h. The gametophytes of JCF had reduced survival at exposures to freezing temperatures >= 1 h (P < 0.0001) compared to controls. JCF gametophyte survival was 52.5% at 3-h exposure time, but was reduced to <= 0.1% at exposure times >= 6 h. All OWCF sporophytes exhibited 100% necrosis for all exposure times 24 h postexposure, but new growth from resprouts was observed for exposure time <= 6 h at 6 mo postfreezing. OWCF sporophytes' dry weight biomass was greatly reduced for all exposure times compared to controls (P < 0.0001). Results with nonlinear regression (P < 0.0001, R-2 = 0.92) indicated that a single freeze for 2.4 h at -2.2 C reduced OWCF dry weight biomass to 0.01 g, a 10-fold reduction, at 6 mo postfreezing. These results indicate that JCF spores and gametophytes are more tolerant of longer exposure periods to freezing temperatures than OWCF, but OWCF exhibited the potential to spread further into northern Florida.
C1 [Hutchinson, Jeffrey T.; Langeland, Kenneth A.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Ctr Aquat & Invas Plants, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Hutchinson, JT (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Resources Ctr, 500 East McCarty Lane, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
EM Jeffrey_hutchinson@fws.gov
FU University of Florida, Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants; Florida
Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission's Bureau of Invasive Plants
FX Funding for this project was provided by University of Florida, Center
for Aquatic and Invasive Plants, and the Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission's Bureau of Invasive Plants in conjunction with
other funded projects. Dr. Mete Yilmaz and Dr. Frank Chapman generously
provided lab space and equipment for this study.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 25
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 1939-7291
EI 1939-747X
J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA
JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 2
BP 328
EP 335
DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-13-00074.1
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AK5PT
UT WOS:000338479000014
ER
PT J
AU Negrini, RM
McCuan, DT
Horton, RA
Lopez, JD
Cassata, WS
Channell, JET
Verosub, KL
Knott, JR
Coe, RS
Liddicoat, JC
Lund, SP
Benson, LV
Sarna-Wojcicki, AM
AF Negrini, Robert M.
McCuan, Daniel T.
Horton, Robert A.
Lopez, James D.
Cassata, William S.
Channell, James E. T.
Verosub, Kenneth L.
Knott, Jeffrey R.
Coe, Robert S.
Liddicoat, Joseph C.
Lund, Steven P.
Benson, Larry V.
Sarna-Wojcicki, Andrei M.
TI Nongeocentric axial dipole field behavior during the Mono Lake excursion
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID LASCHAMP GEOMAGNETIC EXCURSION; EARTHS MAGNETIC-FIELD; CHAINE DES PUYS;
SUMMER LAKE; ICE CORE; NORTH-ATLANTIC; TEPHRA LAYERS; PYRAMID LAKE;
GREAT-BASIN; SEDIMENTS
AB A new record of the Mono Lake excursion (MLE) is reported from the Summer Lake Basin of Oregon, USA. Sediment magnetic properties indicate magnetite as the magnetization carrier and imply suitability of the sediments as accurate recorders of the magnetic field including relative paleointensity (RPI) variations. The magnitudes and phases of the declination, inclination, and RPI components of the new record correlate well with other coeval but lower resolution records from western North America including records from the Wilson Creek Formation exposed around Mono Lake. The virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP) path of the new record is similar to that from another high-resolution record of the MLE from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 919 in the Irminger Basin between Iceland and Greenland but different from the VGP path for the Laschamp excursion (LE), including that found lower in the ODP-919 core. Thus, the prominent excursion recorded at Mono Lake, California, is not the LE but rather one that is several thousands of years younger. The MLE VGP path contains clusters, the locations of which coincide with nonaxial dipole features found in the Holocene geomagnetic field. The clusters are occupied in the same time progression by VGPs from Summer Lake and the Irminger Basin, but the phase of occupation is offset, a behavior that suggests time-transgressive decay and return of the principal field components at the beginning and end of the MLE, respectively, leaving the nonaxial dipole features associated with the clusters dominant during the excursion.
C1 [Negrini, Robert M.; McCuan, Daniel T.; Horton, Robert A.; Lopez, James D.] Calif State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bakersfield, CA 93311 USA.
[Cassata, William S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA.
[Channell, James E. T.] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Verosub, Kenneth L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Knott, Jeffrey R.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Geol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92634 USA.
[Coe, Robert S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Liddicoat, Joseph C.] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Environm Sci, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Lund, Steven P.] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Benson, Larry V.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sarna-Wojcicki, Andrei M.] US Geol Survey, Tephrochronol Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Negrini, RM (reprint author), Calif State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bakersfield, CA 93311 USA.
EM rnegrini@csub.edu
FU NSF [0911351, 1137774, 030332]; Chevron USA REVS-UP summer research
program; Institute of Rock Magnetism
FX All data used herein are available upon request from the first author.
This study was funded by NSF grants EAR#0911351, HRD#1137774, and
EHR#030332 and by the Chevron USA REVS-UP summer research program. This
work benefited from a graduate student fellowship awarded to Dan McCuan
at the Institute of Rock Magnetism. R. Reynolds is acknowledged for his
guidance regarding reflected-light microscopy of magnetic separates.
Tephra analyses were done by F. Foit, Jr., in the Geoanalytical
Laboratory of Washington State University, Pullman, WA. We are grateful
to K. Danley, R. Rodriquez, and A. Kylasa for assistance with
characterization of the 12.6m unconformity, to I. Herrera, K. Sevier, C.
Soto, G. Thompson, and A. Ying Wang for assistance with SEM EDS analysis
of magnetic separates, and to T. Osborn, E. Powers, and K. Eickenhorst
for technical assistance at CSUB. M. Harden, S. Pezzopane, and P.
Arredondo assisted with coring as did Julie Bryant and other personnel
of the Summer Lake Playa Residence for writers, artists, and natural
scientists. Supportive reviews by A. Roberts and two anonymous reviewers
greatly improved the manuscript.
NR 67
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 2567
EP 2581
DI 10.1002/2013JB010846
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AJ4ZG
UT WOS:000337688600002
ER
PT J
AU Bouligand, C
Glen, JMG
Blakely, RJ
AF Bouligand, Claire
Glen, Jonathan M. G.
Blakely, Richard J.
TI Distribution of buried hydrothermal alteration deduced from
high-resolution magnetic surveys in Yellowstone National Park
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID ANOMALIES; FIELD; TOPOGRAPHY; INVERSION; SEAMOUNTS; COMPUTER; DEPOSITS;
DEPTH
AB Yellowstone National Park (YNP) displays numerous and extensive hydrothermal features. Although hydrothermal alteration in YNP has been extensively studied, the volume, geometry, and type of rock alteration at depth remain poorly constrained. In this study, we use high-resolution airborne and ground magnetic surveys and measurements of remanent and induced magnetization of field and drill core samples to provide constraints on the geometry of hydrothermal alteration within the subsurface of three thermal areas in YNP (Firehole River, Smoke Jumper Hot Springs, and Norris Geyser Basin). We observe that hydrothermal zones from both liquid-and vapor-dominated systems coincide with magnetic lows observed in aeromagnetic surveys and with a decrease of the amplitude of short-wavelength anomalies seen in ground magnetic surveys. This suggests a strong demagnetization of both the shallow and deep substratum within these areas associated with the removal of magnetic minerals by hydrothermal alteration processes. Such demagnetization is confirmed by measurements of rock samples from hydrothermal areas which display significantly decreased total magnetization. A pronounced negative anomaly is observed over the Lone Star Geyser and suggests a significant demagnetization of the substratum associated with areas displaying large-scale fluid flow. The ground and airborne magnetic surveys are used to evaluate the distribution of magnetization in the subsurface. This study shows that significant demagnetization occurs over a thickness of at least a few hundred meters in hydrothermal areas at YNP and that the maximum degree or maximum thickness of demagnetization correlates closely with the location of hydrothermal activity and mapped alteration.
C1 [Bouligand, Claire] Univ Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre, Grenoble, France.
[Bouligand, Claire] CNRS, ISTerre, Grenoble, France.
[Glen, Jonathan M. G.; Blakely, Richard J.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Bouligand, C (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre, Grenoble, France.
EM Claire.Bouligand@ujf-grenoble.fr
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Geothermal Resource Investigations Project;
French Ministry of Foreign Affairs
FX We are grateful to Jake Lowenstern, Shaul Hurwitz, and Patrick Muffler
for helpful discussions and suggestions and to Darcy K. McPhee, Barbara
Sue Jessup, Sandra Jean Underwood, Nellie Olsen, Erin Looby, and Claire
Pontbriand for their participation in the field data collection.
Thorough reviews by Mark J. Dekkers, Fabio Caratori Tontini, and an
anonymous reviewer helped to clarify and improve the paper. Airborne
magnetic data used in this study are available online at
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr-00-0163/. Ground magnetic data are not
published but are available from the first author upon request. This
research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey's Geothermal Resource
Investigations Project. Part of this work was supported by a Lavoisier
grant from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs (to C. Bouligand).
ISTerre is part of OSUG@2020 (ANR10 LABX56).
NR 47
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 2595
EP 2630
DI 10.1002/2013JB010802
PG 36
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AJ4ZG
UT WOS:000337688600004
ER
PT J
AU Anders, MH
Rodgers, DW
Hemming, SR
Saltzman, J
DiVenere, VJ
Hagstrum, JT
Embree, GF
Walter, RC
AF Anders, Mark H.
Rodgers, David W.
Hemming, Sidney R.
Saltzman, Janet
DiVenere, Victor J.
Hagstrum, Jonathan T.
Embree, Glenn F.
Walter, Robert C.
TI A fixed sublithospheric source for the late Neogene track of the
Yellowstone hotspot: Implications of the Heise and Picabo volcanic
fields
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID SNAKE RIVER PLAIN; CANYON SANIDINE STANDARD; CURRENT PLATE VELOCITIES;
WESTERN UNITED-STATES; K-40 DECAY CONSTANTS; AR-40/AR-39 GEOCHRONOLOGY;
SILICIC VOLCANISM; LOW-DELTA-O-18 RHYOLITES; JOINT DETERMINATION;
CALDERA COMPLEXES
AB The Heise and Picabo volcanic fields of eastern Idaho are part of the more extensive time-transgressive Yellowstone-Snake River Plain hotspot track. Calderas associated with these two silicic volcanic fields are buried under 1 to 3 km of younger basalt, so their locations and eruption record histories have been based on analysis of silicic units along the margins of the eastern Snake River Plain along with some limited geophysical data. A 1.5 km borehole penetrating through basalt into underlying silicic rocks provides new data we used to reassess caldera locations and the timing of eruptions of these volcanic fields. Using these new caldera locations, we calculate an extension-adjusted rate of 2.35 cm/yr for the North American plate over the last 6.66 m.y. and a velocity of 2.30 cm/yr over the 10.27 m.y. Recalculation of a previously determined plate velocity-based migration of the deformation field surrounding the eastern Snake River Plain yields an extension-adjusted rate of 2.38 +/- 0.21 cm/yr. These migration rates all fall within the previously published range of North American plate velocities of 2.2 +/- 0.8 cm/yr, 2.4 cm/yr, and 2.68 +/- 0.78 cm/yr based on a global hot spot reference frame. The consistency of these rates suggest that over the last 10 m.y., the Yellowstone hot spot is fixed with respect to the motion of the North American plate and therefore consistent with a classical deep-sourced hotspot model.
C1 [Anders, Mark H.; Hemming, Sidney R.; Saltzman, Janet; DiVenere, Victor J.] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Anders, Mark H.; Hemming, Sidney R.; Saltzman, Janet; DiVenere, Victor J.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
[Rodgers, David W.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Saltzman, Janet] Red Hook High Sch, Dept Sci, Red Hook, NY USA.
[DiVenere, Victor J.] Long Isl Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Brookville, NY USA.
[Hagstrum, Jonathan T.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Embree, Glenn F.] Brigham Young Univ Idaho, Dept Geol, Rexburg, ID USA.
[Walter, Robert C.] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Earth & Environm, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA.
RP Anders, MH (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
EM manders@ldeo.columbia.edu
NR 113
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 2871
EP 2906
DI 10.1002/2013JB010483
PG 36
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AJ4ZG
UT WOS:000337688600017
ER
PT J
AU Minson, SE
Murray, JR
Langbein, JO
Gomberg, JS
AF Minson, S. E.
Murray, Jessica R.
Langbein, John O.
Gomberg, Joan S.
TI Real-time inversions for finite fault slip models and rupture geometry
based on high-rate GPS data
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID BAYESIAN-INFERENCE; EARTHQUAKE; DISPLACEMENT; DEFORMATION; PARAMETERS;
MAGNITUDE; ALGORITHM
AB We present an inversion strategy capable of using real-time high-rate GPS data to simultaneously solve for a distributed slip model and fault geometry in real time as a rupture unfolds. We employ Bayesian inference to find the optimal fault geometry and the distribution of possible slip models for that geometry using a simple analytical solution. By adopting an analytical Bayesian approach, we can solve this complex inversion problem (including calculating the uncertainties on our results) in real time. Furthermore, since the joint inversion for distributed slip and fault geometry can be computed in real time, the time required to obtain a source model of the earthquake does not depend on the computational cost. Instead, the time required is controlled by the duration of the rupture and the time required for information to propagate from the source to the receivers. We apply our modeling approach, called Bayesian Evidence-based Fault Orientation and Real-time Earthquake Slip, to the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake, 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake, and a simulated Hayward fault earthquake. In all three cases, the inversion recovers the magnitude, spatial distribution of slip, and fault geometry in real time. Since our inversion relies on static offsets estimated from real-time high-rate GPS data, we also present performance tests of various approaches to estimating quasi-static offsets in real time. We find that the raw high-rate time series are the best data to use for determining the moment magnitude of the event, but slightly smoothing the raw time series helps stabilize the inversion for fault geometry.
C1 [Minson, S. E.; Gomberg, Joan S.] USGS Earthquake Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Murray, Jessica R.; Langbein, John O.] USGS Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
RP Minson, SE (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM minson@gps.caltech.edu
NR 27
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 3201
EP 3231
DI 10.1002/2013JB010622
PG 31
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AJ4ZG
UT WOS:000337688600034
ER
PT J
AU Hooijmeijer, JCEW
Gill, RE
Mulcahy, DM
Tibbitts, TL
Kentie, R
Gerritsen, GJ
Bruinzeel, LW
Tijssen, DC
Harwood, CM
Piersma, T
AF Hooijmeijer, Jos C. E. W.
Gill, Robert E., Jr.
Mulcahy, Daniel M.
Tibbitts, T. Lee
Kentie, Rosemarie
Gerritsen, Gerrit J.
Bruinzeel, Leo W.
Tijssen, David C.
Harwood, Christopher M.
Piersma, Theunis
TI Abdominally implanted satellite transmitters affect reproduction and
survival rather than migration of large shorebirds
SO JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Breeding success; Egg malformation; Implanted transmitter; Limosa l.
limosa; Nesting propensity; Numenius phaeopus; Satellite telemetry;
Survival
ID LIMOSA-LIMOSA-LIMOSA; RADIO-TRANSMITTERS; PERCUTANEOUS ANTENNAS;
HARLEQUIN DUCKS; CANADA GEESE; CHD1-Z GENE; L.-LIMOSA; BEHAVIOR;
RADIOTRANSMITTERS; DEMOGRAPHY
AB Satellite telemetry has become a common technique to investigate avian life-histories, but whether such tagging will affect fitness is a critical unknown. In this study, we evaluate multi-year effects of implanted transmitters on migratory timing and reproductive performance in shorebirds. Shorebirds increasingly are recognized as good models in ecology and evolution. That many of them are of conservation concern adds to the research responsibilities. In May 2009, we captured 56 female Black-tailed Godwits Limosa limosa limosa during late incubation in The Netherlands. Of these, 15 birds were equipped with 26-g satellite transmitters with a percutaneous antenna (7.8 % +/- 0.2 SD of body mass), surgically implanted in the coelom. We compared immediate nest survival, timing of migration, subsequent nest site fidelity and reproductive behaviour including egg laying with those of the remaining birds, a comparison group of 41 females. We found no effects on immediate nest survival. Fledging success and subsequent southward and northward migration patterns of the implanted birds conformed to the expectations, and arrival time on the breeding grounds in 2010-2012 did not differ from the comparison group. Compared with the comparison group, in the year after implantation, implanted birds were equally faithful to the nest site and showed equal territorial behaviour, but a paucity of behaviours indicating nests or clutches. In the 3 years after implantation, the yearly apparent survival of implanted birds was 16 % points lower. Despite intense searching, we found only three eggs of two implanted birds; all were deformed. A similarly deformed egg was reported in a similarly implanted Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus returning to breed in central Alaska. The presence in the body cavity of an object slightly smaller than a normal egg may thus lead to egg malformation and, likely, reduced egg viability. That the use of implanted satellite transmitters in these large shorebirds reduced nesting propensity and might also lead to fertility losses argues against the use of implanted transmitters for studies on breeding biology, and for a careful evaluation of the methodology in studies of migration.
C1 [Hooijmeijer, Jos C. E. W.; Kentie, Rosemarie; Piersma, Theunis] Univ Groningen, Anim Ecol Grp, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Studies, NL-9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands.
[Gill, Robert E., Jr.; Mulcahy, Daniel M.; Tibbitts, T. Lee] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Gerritsen, Gerrit J.] Birdlife Netherlands, NL-3700 AX Zeist, Netherlands.
[Bruinzeel, Leo W.] Altenburg & Wymenga Ecol Consultants, NL-9269 ZR Feanwalden, Netherlands.
[Harwood, Christopher M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kanuti Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Piersma, Theunis] NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Marine Ecol, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.
RP Piersma, T (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Anim Ecol Grp, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Studies, POB 11103, NL-9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands.
EM theunis.piersma@nioz.nl
FU Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Food Quality;
Province of Fryslan; coalition Nederland-Gruttoland
FX For help in the field we thank the 2009-2012 "grutto'' dream-teams
comprised of N. Groen, K. Trimbos, P. Lourenco, Y. Galama, P. de Goeij,
A. Rippen, R. van der Zee, E.-H. Mohamed El-Hacen, W. Vos, L. Schmaltz,
K. Bowgen, S. Wouda, M. Verhoeven, C. Kuipers, M. Bulla, B. Verheijen,
C. Poley, M. Sikkema, A. Allema, B. de Jong, H. Valkema, E. van der
Velde, S. Kooistra, B. van den Boomgaard, R.-J. Hibma, S. Hobma, G.
Hoekstra, and N. Bot. G. Hylkema kindly allowed his campervan "Pylger''
to be turned into a mobile surgery unit. We thank the conservation
authorities It Fryske Gea and Staatsbosbeheer and the local farmers for
their co-operation and for allowing access to their grounds. The
assistance of local volunteers in nest searching and reporting locations
to us has been invaluable. Birdlife Netherlands made arrangements for
daily and weekly updates about the project on their website. This work
was financially supported by the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Nature
Management and Food Quality, the Province of Fryslan, and the coalition
Nederland-Gruttoland. We thank Dan Ruthrauff, Phil Battley and anonymous
reviewers for help with the manuscript, and Bram Verheijen and Astrid
Kant for the egg-photos. Any use of trade names or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the authors'
institutional affiliation.
NR 49
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 49
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0021-8375
EI 1439-0361
J9 J ORNITHOL
JI J. Ornithol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 155
IS 2
BP 447
EP 457
DI 10.1007/s10336-013-1026-4
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AJ6HM
UT WOS:000337792000013
ER
PT J
AU Deguchi, T
Suryan, RM
Ozaki, K
Jacobs, JF
Sato, F
Nakamura, N
Balogh, GR
AF Deguchi, Tomohiro
Suryan, Robert M.
Ozaki, Kiyoaki
Jacobs, Judy F.
Sato, Fumio
Nakamura, Noboru
Balogh, Gregory R.
TI Translocation and hand-rearing of the short-tailed albatross Phoebastria
albatrus: early indicators of success for species conservation and
island restoration
SO ORYX
LA English
DT Article
DE Colony establishment; migration; Phoebastria albatrus; post-release
survival; recruitment; reintroduction biology; short-tailed albatross
ID SATELLITE TRACKING; COLONY; PRODUCTIVITY; IMMUTABILIS; HABITAT
AB Many endemic species, particularly those on remote islands, have been driven to extinction or near extinction by anthropogenic influences. The short-tailed albatross Phoebastria albatrus once numbered in the millions but was thought to be extinct by the mid 20th century. Albatrosses, of the family Diomedeidae, are among the most threatened birds globally as a result of commercial exploitation, introduced predators, and mortality in commercial fisheries. We applied an experimental approach over 5 years to evaluate the translocation and hand-rearing of albatross chicks by comparing growth, physiological health indices, post-fledging survival, and migration patterns with a control group of naturally reared chicks in the source population. Hand-reared chicks had comparable or superior health and similar rates of immediate post-fledging mortality (15%), with mortality strongly female-biased in both groups. Hand-reared birds had longer post-fledging drift periods before attaining sustained flight (also female-biased) but comparable, albeit somewhat wider ranging, migration patterns to naturally reared chicks during their first 6 months at sea. Recruitment to the translocation site of a breeding pair that included a hand-reared bird occurred within 5 years of the first translocation. Success will ultimately depend on continued recruitment and breeding over the coming decades, given delayed breeding in these long-lived species. The results to date, however, have exceeded initial expectations and can inform potential reintroductions of other long-lived, migratory avian species with strong natal philopatry, and reintroductions of native species to former breeding islands.
C1 [Deguchi, Tomohiro; Ozaki, Kiyoaki; Sato, Fumio; Nakamura, Noboru] Yamashina Inst Ornithol, Div Avian Conservat, Chiba, Japan.
[Suryan, Robert M.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Jacobs, Judy F.; Nakamura, Noboru] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Suryan, RM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, 2030S E Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM rob.suryan@oregonstate.edu
OI Deguchi, Tomohiro/0000-0001-8005-9114
FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
Japanese Ministry of the Environment; North Pacific Research Board;
Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology;
Suntory Fund for Bird Conservation; Asahi Newspaper Company; Mitsui &
Co., Ltd. Environmental Fund; NHK Japan Broadcasting Corporation
FX We are grateful to the many field staff and veterinarians who worked
diligently on this project, with special thanks to Y. Hayashi, S.
Yamagishi, H. Shimazu, F. Akishinomiya, H. Hasegawa, B. Zaun, L.
Perriman, J. Klavitter, Y. Watanabe, T. Harada, T. Work and N. Emura.
Amelia O'Connor assisted with creating Fig. 1. Funding was provided by
the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, the Japanese Ministry of the Environment, the North Pacific
Research Board, the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology, the Suntory Fund for Bird Conservation, the
Asahi Newspaper Company, and the Mitsui & Co., Ltd. Environmental Fund.
We also wish to thank NHK Japan Broadcasting Corporation, especially S.
Kagawa, for their support and documentation of this project. This
research was approved by the animal care and use committee of Oregon
State University and by permit from the Japanese Ministry of the
Environment, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, and the U. S. Fish and
Wildlife Service. This is contribution No. 405 of the North Pacific
Research Board. We dedicate this paper to the memory of project
veterinarian Dr Yuki Watanabe, who was not able to share in the
excitement of hand-reared albatrosses returning to the new colony site
or of witnessing the first egg laid. Without her guidance this study
would not have been possible.
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 13
U2 44
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0030-6053
EI 1365-3008
J9 ORYX
JI Oryx
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 2
BP 195
EP 203
DI 10.1017/S0030605313000094
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AJ8PW
UT WOS:000337969700009
ER
PT J
AU Scott, DT
Keim, RF
Edwards, BL
Jones, CN
Kroes, DE
AF Scott, Durelle T.
Keim, Richard F.
Edwards, Brandon L.
Jones, C. Nathan
Kroes, Daniel E.
TI Floodplain biogeochemical processing of floodwaters in the Atchafalaya
River Basin during the Mississippi River flood of 2011
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE flood; diversions
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; ORGANIC-MATTER; HYDROLOGICAL CONNECTIVITY; PHYTOPLANKTON
GROWTH; NITRATE FLUX; DENITRIFICATION; LOUISIANA; NITROGEN; HYPOXIA;
WATER
AB The 2011 flood in the Lower Mississippi resulted in the second highest recorded river flow diverted into the Atchafalaya River Basin (ARB). The higher water levels during the flood peak resulted in high hydrologic connectivity between the Atchafalaya River and floodplain, with up to 50% of the Atchafalaya River water moving off channel. Water quality samples were collected throughout the ARB over the course of the flood event. Significant nitrate (NO3-) reduction (75%) occurred within the floodplain, resulting in a total NO3- reduction of 16.6% over the flood. The floodplain was a small but measurable source of dissolved reactive phosphorus and ammonium (NH4+). Collectively, these results from this large flood event suggest that enhancing river-floodplain connectivity through freshwater diversions will reduce NO3- loads to the Gulf of Mexico during large annual floods.
C1 [Scott, Durelle T.; Jones, C. Nathan] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Keim, Richard F.; Edwards, Brandon L.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Kroes, Daniel E.] US Geol Survey, Louisiana Water Sci Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA.
RP Scott, DT (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM dscott@vt.edu
FU NSF [1141363, 1141417]
FX This work was supported by NSF grant 1141363 to Virginia Polytechnic
Institute and State University and NSF grant 1141417 to Louisiana State
University. We thank John White for useful comments on the manuscript,
and Jody David, Richard Day, Raynie Harlan, Sarah Javed, Brett Rivers,
Mike Walker, and David Walther for water quality sampling efforts during
the 2011 flood. Data used in preparation of this manuscript are
available by contacting the corresponding author. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 43
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 537
EP 546
DI 10.1002/2013JG002477
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AI9UN
UT WOS:000337285500003
ER
PT J
AU Koch, JC
Gurney, K
Wipfli, MS
AF Koch, Joshua C.
Gurney, Kirsty
Wipfli, Mark S.
TI Morphology-Dependent Water Budgets and Nutrient Fluxes in Arctic Thaw
Ponds
SO PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE polygonal ground; thaw ponds; water budgets; nutrient budgets; Arctic
Coastal Plain
ID MACKENZIE DELTA REGION; COASTAL-PLAIN; ALASKA; CANADA; PERMAFROST;
CLIMATE; LAKES; IMPACTS; AVAILABILITY; HYDROLOGY
AB Thaw ponds on the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska are productive ecosystems, providing habitat and food resources for many fish and bird species. Permafrost in this region creates unique pond morphologies: deep troughs, shallow low-centred polygons (LCPs) and larger coalescent ponds. By monitoring seasonal trends in pond volume and chemistry, we evaluated whether pond morphology and size affect water temperature and desiccation, and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fluxes. Evaporation was the largest early-summer water flux in all pond types. LCPs dried quickly and displayed high early-summer nutrient concentrations and losses. Troughs consistently received solute-rich subsurface inflows, which accounted for 12 to 42 per cent of their volume and may explain higher P in the troughs. N to P ratios increased and ammonium concentrations decreased with pond volume, suggesting that P and inorganic N availability may limit ecosystem productivity in older, larger ponds. Arctic summer temperatures will likely increase in the future, which may accelerate mid-summer desiccation. Given their morphology, troughs may remain wet, become warmer and derive greater nutrient loads from their thawing banks. Overall, seasonal- to decadal-scale warming may increase ecosystem productivity in troughs relative to other Arctic Coastal Plain ponds. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Koch, Joshua C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Gurney, Kirsty] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Koch, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM jkoch@usgs.gov
OI Koch, Joshua/0000-0001-7180-6982
FU Changing Arctic Ecosystem Initiative of the USGS
FX This work was supported by the Changing Arctic Ecosystem Initiative of
the USGS. We are indebted to L. Garey and M. Gilbertson for invaluable
field support and P. Schuster and B. Uhle for isotope analysis. We thank
the Kiowa Lab, including H. Hughes, C. Siebold and M. Williams, for
chl-a analysis. J. O'Donnell, two anonymous reviewers and the Associate
Editor provided thoughtful comments that substantially improved the
manuscript. Any use of trade, product or firm names are for descriptive
purposes only and do not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1045-6740
EI 1099-1530
J9 PERMAFROST PERIGLAC
JI Permafrost Periglacial Process.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 2
BP 79
EP 93
DI 10.1002/ppp.1804
PG 15
WC Geography, Physical; Geology
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AJ2TI
UT WOS:000337515600001
ER
PT J
AU McCrory, PA
Hyndman, RD
Blair, JL
AF McCrory, Patricia A.
Hyndman, Roy D.
Blair, J. Luke
TI SORelationship between the Cascadia fore-arc mantle wedge, nonvolcanic
tremor, and the downdip limit of seismogenic rupture
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE fore-arc mantle corner; great earthquakes; Cascadia
ID JUAN-DE-FUCA; SUBDUCTION THRUST EARTHQUAKES; SLOW SLIP EVENTS; GREAT
EARTHQUAKES; NORTHERN CASCADIA; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; COSEISMIC SUBSIDENCE;
VELOCITY STRUCTURE; EPISODIC TREMOR; SOUTHWEST JAPAN
AB Great earthquakes anticipated on the Cascadia subduction fault can potentially rupture beyond the geodetically and thermally inferred locked zone to the depths of episodic tremor and slip (ETS) or to the even deeper fore-arc mantle corner (FMC). To evaluate these extreme rupture limits, we map the FMC from southern Vancouver Island to central Oregon by combining published seismic velocity structures with a model of the Juan de Fuca plate. These data indicate that the FMC is somewhat shallower beneath Vancouver Island (36-38 km) and Oregon (35-40 km) and deeper beneath Washington (41-43 km). The updip edge of tremor follows the same general pattern, overlying a slightly shallower Juan de Fuca plate beneath Vancouver Island and Oregon (approximate to 30 km) and a deeper plate beneath Washington (approximate to 35 km). Similar to the Nankai subduction zone, the best constrained FMC depths correlate with the center of the tremor band suggesting that ETS is controlled by conditions near the FMC rather than directly by temperature or pressure. Unlike Nankai, a gap as wide as 70 km exists between the downdip limit of the inferred locked zone and the FMC. This gap also encompasses a approximate to 50 km wide gap between the inferred locked zones and the updip limit of tremor. The separation of these features offers a natural laboratory for determining the key controls on downdip rupture limits.
C1 [McCrory, Patricia A.; Blair, J. Luke] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Hyndman, Roy D.] Geol Survey Canada, Pacific Geosci Ctr, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
RP McCrory, PA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM pmccrory@usgs.gov
NR 106
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 4
BP 1071
EP 1095
DI 10.1002/2013GC005144
PG 25
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AH9VR
UT WOS:000336493400016
ER
PT J
AU Buurman, H
Nye, CJ
West, ME
Cameron, C
AF Buurman, Helena
Nye, Christopher J.
West, Michael E.
Cameron, Cheryl
TI Regional controls on volcano seismicity along the Aleutian arc
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE volcano seismicity; volcanic processes
ID FAULT-PLANE SOLUTIONS; AMLIA FRACTURE-ZONE; MAGMATIC SYSTEM; REDOUBT
VOLCANO; FREQUENCY EARTHQUAKES; CONCEPTUAL-MODEL; ALASKA; STRESS;
DEFORMATION; ISLANDS
AB We identify patterns in volcano seismicity along the Aleutian arc using nearly 10 years of seismic data recorded at 46 volcanoes. The volcanoes in the central portion of the arcthose located from Aniakchak to Okmokare associated with significantly more seismicity at depths below 15 km. We also examine the median weight percent SiO2 compositions of the seismically monitored volcanoes by compiling published geochemical data. We find that the transition between felsic volcanism in the east to more mafic volcanism in the west occurs in the same region where the depth distribution of volcanic earthquakes changes. Since deep volcanic earthquakes are often thought to be generated by the ascent of magma through the deep crust (i.e., depths>15 km), our results suggest that magma ascent is more prolific in the central part of the arc compared to the western and eastern regions. This observation is in agreement with the location of the largest and most historically active volcanoes in the Aleutian arc, which are found in same region that generates abundant deep volcano seismicity. We propose two models to explain these apparent variations in magmatic flux: (1) a stress-based model, in which subduction obliquity and the collision of the Yakutat block affect the stress regime in the upper plate, inhibiting the rise of magma in eastern and western regions of the arc and (2) a melt-based model, where more magma is generated in the central region of the arc through increased H2O in the downgoing slab via water-laden sediments and subducting fracture zones.
C1 [Buurman, Helena] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Nye, Christopher J.; Cameron, Cheryl] Alaska Volcano Observ, Alaska Div Geol & Geophys Surveys, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[West, Michael E.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Earthquake Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Buurman, H (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM helena@gi.alaska.edu
NR 54
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 4
BP 1147
EP 1163
DI 10.1002/2013GC005101
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AH9VR
UT WOS:000336493400020
ER
PT J
AU Fleck, RJ
Calvert, AT
AF Fleck, Robert J.
Calvert, Andrew T.
TI Modified expression for bulb-tracer depletion-Effect on argon dating
standards
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ar-40; Ar-39 and K-Ar geochronology; noble-gas tracer systems; isotope
concentration measurements; international standards
AB Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology depends critically on well-calibrated standards, often traceable to first-principles K-Ar age calibrations using bulb-tracer systems. Tracer systems also provide precise standards for noble-gas studies and interlaboratory calibration. The exponential expression long used for calculating isotope tracer concentrations in K-Ar age dating and calibration of Ar-40/Ar-39 age standards may provide a close approximation of those values, but is not correct. Appropriate equations are derived that accurately describe the depletion of tracer reservoirs and concentrations of sequential tracers. In the modified expression the depletion constant is not in the exponent, which only varies as integers by tracer-number. Evaluation of the expressions demonstrates that systematic error introduced through use of the original expression may be substantial where reservoir volumes are small and resulting depletion constants are large. Traditional use of large reservoir to tracer volumes and the resulting small depletion constants have kept errors well less than experimental uncertainties in most previous K-Ar and calibration studies. Use of the proper expression, however, permits use of volumes appropriate to the problems addressed.
C1 [Fleck, Robert J.; Calvert, Andrew T.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Fleck, RJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM fleck@usgs.gov
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 4
BP 1657
EP 1662
DI 10.1002/2013GC005205
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AH9VR
UT WOS:000336493400051
ER
PT J
AU Pearce, JM
Eadie, JM
Savard, JPL
Christensen, TK
Berdeen, J
Taylor, EJ
Boyd, S
Einarsson, A
Talbot, SL
AF Pearce, John M.
Eadie, John M.
Savard, Jean-Pierre L.
Christensen, Thomas K.
Berdeen, James
Taylor, Eric J.
Boyd, Sean
Einarsson, Arni
Talbot, Sandra L.
TI Comparative population structure of cavity-nesting sea ducks
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE band-recovery; Barrow's Goldeneye; Bucephala; Bufflehead;
cavity-nesting; Common Goldeneye; migratory connectivity; mitochondrial
DNA; mtDNA; population genetics
ID GOLDENEYES BUCEPHALA-ISLANDICA; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; COMPARATIVE
PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; BARROWS GOLDENEYE; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; COMMON MERGANSERS;
WINTERING AREAS; SITE FIDELITY; NUCLEAR; BIRD
AB A growing collection of mtDNA genetic information from waterfowl species across North America suggests that larger-bodied cavity-nesting species exhibit greater levels of population differentiation than smaller-bodied congeners. Although little is known about nest-cavity availability for these species, one hypothesis to explain differences in population structure is reduced dispersal tendency of larger-bodied cavity-nesting species due to limited abundance of large cavities. To investigate this hypothesis, we examined population structure of three cavity-nesting waterfowl species distributed across much of North America: Barrow's Goldeneye (Bucephala islandica), Common Goldeneye (B. clangula), and Bufflehead (B. albeola). We compared patterns of population structure using both variation in mtDNA control-region sequences and band-recovery data for the same species and geographic regions. Results were highly congruent between data types, showing structured population patterns for Barrow's and Common Goldeneye but not for Bufflehead. Consistent with our prediction, the smallest cavity-nesting species, the Bufflehead, exhibited the lowest level of population differentiation due to increased dispersal and gene flow. Results provide evidence for discrete Old and New World populations of Common Goldeneye and for differentiation of regional groups of both goldeneye species in Alaska, the Pacific Northwest, and the eastern coast of North America. Results presented here will aid management objectives that require an understanding of population delineation and migratory connectivity between breeding and wintering areas. Comparative studies such as this one highlight factors that may drive patterns of genetic diversity and population trends.
C1 [Pearce, John M.; Talbot, Sandra L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99504 USA.
[Eadie, John M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Savard, Jean-Pierre L.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Dorval, PQ, Canada.
[Christensen, Thomas K.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Ronde, Denmark.
[Berdeen, James] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Bemidji, MN USA.
[Taylor, Eric J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Management Div, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Boyd, Sean] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Delta, BC, Canada.
[Einarsson, Arni] Univ Iceland, Myvatn Res Stn, Reykjavik, Iceland.
[Einarsson, Arni] Univ Iceland, Dept Life & Environm Sci, Reykjavik, Iceland.
RP Pearce, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99504 USA.
EM jpearce@usgs.gov
RI Christensen, Thomas/J-4915-2013
FU North American Sea Duck Joint Venture; Environment Canada; U.S.
Geological Survey
FX We thank G. Gauthier, M. Robert, and J. Peters for their ideas during
the early phases of this project. Samples used for DNA in this project
were provided by D. Zwiefelhofer and T. Bowman (U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service); D. Esler (Simon Fraser University); G. Savard, R. McNeil, and
B. Braune (National Wildlife Research Center, Canadian Wildlife
Service); and K. Richkus (U.S. Geological Survey). K. Sage and J. Gust
assisted with lab analyses, and J. Terenzi helped with the kernel
home-range analysis. We thank the Canadian Wildlife Service, U.S.
Geological Survey, and numerous waterfowl banders for use of their
banding data from across North America. This research was supported by
the North American Sea Duck Joint Venture, Environment Canada, and the
U.S. Geological Survey. P. Flint and S. Sonsthagen and two anonymous
reviewers provided constructive comments on an earlier draft of the
manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 8
U2 22
PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
EI 1938-4254
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 131
IS 2
BP 195
EP 207
DI 10.1642/AUK-13-071.1
PG 13
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AH9QQ
UT WOS:000336477300008
ER
PT J
AU Richmond, JQ
Backlin, AR
Tatarian, PJ
Solvesky, BG
Fisher, RN
AF Richmond, Jonathan Q.
Backlin, Adam R.
Tatarian, Patricia J.
Solvesky, Ben G.
Fisher, Robert N.
TI Population declines lead to replicate patterns of internal range
structure at the tips of the distribution of the California red-legged
frog (Rana draytonii)
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Rana draytonii; Amphibian decline; Sierra Nevada; Range boundary;
Population genetics; Phylogeography
ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; CONSERVATION GENETICS;
SPECIES RANGE; LANDSCAPE GENETICS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; TEMPERATE LIZARD;
PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; SIZE; COMPLEX
AB Demographic declines and increased isolation of peripheral populations of the threatened California red-legged frog (Rana draytonii) have led to the formation of internal range boundaries at opposite ends of the species' distribution. While the population genetics of the southern internal boundary has been studied in some detail, similar information is lacking for the northern part of the range. In this study, we used micro-satellite and mtDNA data to examine the genetic structuring and diversity of some of the last remaining R. draytonii populations in the northern Sierra Nevada, which collectively form the northern external range boundary. We compared these data to coastal populations in the San Francisco Bay Area, where the species is notably more abundant and still exists throughout much of its historic range. We show that 'external' Sierra Nevada populations have lower genetic diversity and are more differentiated from one another than their 'internal' Bay Area counterparts. This same pattern was mirrored across the distribution in California, where Sierra Nevada and Bay Area populations had lower allelic variability compared to those previously studied in coastal southern California. This genetic signature of northward range expansion was mirrored in the phylogeography of mtDNA haplotypes; northern Sierra Nevada haplotypes showed greater similarity to haplotypes from the south Coast Ranges than to the more geographically proximate populations in the Bay Area. These data cast new light on the geographic origins of Sierra Nevada R. draytonii populations and highlight the importance of distinguishing the genetic effects of contemporary demographic declines from underlying signatures of historic range expansion when addressing the most immediate threats to population persistence. Because there is no evidence of contemporary gene flow between any of the Sierra Nevada R. draytonii populations, we suggest that management activities should focus on maintaining and creating additional ponds to support breeding within typical dispersal distances of occupied habitat. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Richmond, Jonathan Q.; Backlin, Adam R.; Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Tatarian, Patricia J.] Wildlife Res Associates, Santa Rosa, CA 95407 USA.
[Solvesky, Ben G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA.
RP Richmond, JQ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM jrichmond@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX We thank Gary Fellers (U.S. Geological Survey), Patrick Kleeman (U.S.
Geological Survey) and Darren Fong (National Park Service) for
contributing tissue samples from the San Francisco Bay area populations.
For site access and logistical support, we thank Mr. Dave Funk (Sailor
Flat), Mr. Erik Jensen (Bear Creek) and Westervelt Ecological Services
(Big Gun Diggings). We also thank Dan Cordova for his field assistance
and sense of humor at Big Gun Diggings and Bear Creek. The U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service provided funding for this research. This paper is
contribution number 468 of the U.S. Geological Survey's Amphibian
Research and Monitoring Initiative. The findings and conclusions in this
article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The use of trade names does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Federal Government.
NR 69
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 10
U2 47
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 172
BP 128
EP 137
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.026
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7TK
UT WOS:000336337800016
ER
PT J
AU Smith, MA
Walker, NJ
Free, CM
Kirchhoff, MJ
Drew, GS
Warnock, N
Stenhouse, IJ
AF Smith, Melanie A.
Walker, Nathan J.
Free, Christopher M.
Kirchhoff, Matthew J.
Drew, Gary S.
Warnock, Nils
Stenhouse, Iain J.
TI Identifying marine Important Bird Areas using at-sea survey data
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Seabird; Marine; Conservation; Important Bird Area; Spatial analysis
ID PROTECTED AREAS; CALIFORNIA CURRENT; SEABIRD AGGREGATIONS; NORTH
PACIFIC; TOP PREDATOR; BERING-SEA; HOTSPOTS; CONSERVATION; HABITAT;
ALASKA
AB Effective marine bird conservation requires identification of at-sea locations used by populations for foraging, staging, and migration. Using an extensive database of at-sea survey data spanning over 30 years, we developed a standardized and data-driven spatial method for identifying globally significant marine Important Bird Areas in Alaska. To delineate these areas we developed a six-step process: binning data and accounting for unequal survey effort, filtering input data for persistence of species use, using a moving window analysis to produce maps representing a gradient from low to high abundance, drawing core area boundaries around major concentrations based on abundance thresholds, validating the results, and combining overlapping boundaries into important areas for multiple species. We identified 126 bird core areas which were merged into 59 pelagic sites important to 45 out of 57 species assessed. The final areas included approximately 34-38% of all marine birds in Alaska waters, within just 6% of the total area. We identified globally significant Important Bird Areas spanning 20 degrees of latitude and 56 degrees of longitude, in two different oceans, with climates ranging from temperate to polar. Although our maps did suffer from some data gaps, these gaps did not preclude us from identifying sites that incorporated 13% of the assessed continental waterbird population and 9% of the assessed global seabird population. The application of this technique over a large and productive region worked well for a wide range of birds, exhibiting a variety of foraging strategies and occupying a variety of ecosystem types. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Smith, Melanie A.; Walker, Nathan J.; Free, Christopher M.; Kirchhoff, Matthew J.; Warnock, Nils] Audubon Alaska, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[Drew, Gary S.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Stenhouse, Iain J.] Biodivers Res Inst, Gorham, ME 04038 USA.
RP Smith, MA (reprint author), Audubon Alaska, 441 West 5th Ave,Suite 300, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
EM masmith@audubon.org; nwalker@audubon.org; cfree14@gmail.com;
mdkirchhoff@gmail.com; gdrew@usgs.gov; nwarnock@audubon.org;
iain.sten-house@briloon.org
RI Free, Christopher/N-2813-2013;
OI Free, Christopher/0000-0002-2557-8920; Drew, Gary/0000-0002-6789-0891
FU Alaska Conservation Foundation; Leighty Foundation; Skaggs Foundation;
Helen Clay Frick Foundation
FX Funding for this project was provided by individual donors to Audubon
Alaska, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, the Alaska Conservation
Foundation, Leighty Foundation, Skaggs Foundation, and the Helen Clay
Frick Foundation. Sponsors of this study provided financial support, and
were not involved in the study design, collection, analysis,
interpretation of data, writing of the report, or submission of this
manuscript.
NR 62
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 172
BP 180
EP 189
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.02.039
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AH7TK
UT WOS:000336337800022
ER
PT J
AU Hansen, AJ
Piekielek, N
Davis, C
Haas, J
Theobald, DM
Gross, JE
Monahan, WB
Olliff, T
Running, SW
AF Hansen, Andrew J.
Piekielek, Nathan
Davis, Cory
Haas, Jessica
Theobald, David M.
Gross, John E.
Monahan, William B.
Olliff, Tom
Running, Steven W.
TI Exposure of U. S. National Parks to land use and climate change
1900-2100
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; policy; U; S; National Parks; vulnerability assessment
ID PROTECTED AREAS; UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; BIODIVERSITY;
GROWTH; FRAGMENTATION; TEMPERATURE; ECOSYSTEMS; DROUGHT
AB Many protected areas may not be adequately safeguarding biodiversity from human activities on surrounding lands and global change. The magnitude of such change agents and the sensitivity of ecosystems to these agents vary among protected areas. Thus, there is a need to assess vulnerability across networks of protected areas to determine those most at risk and to lay the basis for developing effective adaptation strategies. We conducted an assessment of exposure of U.S. National Parks to climate and land use change and consequences for vegetation communities. We first defined park protected-area centered ecosystems (PACEs) based on ecological principles. We then drew on existing land use, invasive species, climate, and biome data sets and models to quantify exposure of PACEs from 1900 through 2100. Most PACEs experienced substantial change over the 20th century (>740% average increase in housing density since 1940, 13% of vascular plants are presently nonnative, temperature increase of 1 degrees C/100 yr since 1895 in 80% of PACEs), and projections suggest that many of these trends will continue at similar or increasingly greater rates (255% increase in housing density by 2100, temperature increase of 2.5 degrees-4.5 degrees C/100 yr, 30% of PACE areas may lose their current biomes by 2030). In the coming century, housing densities are projected to increase in PACEs at about 82% of the rate of since 1940. The rate of climate warming in the coming century is projected to be 2.5-5.8 times higher than that measured in the past century. Underlying these averages, exposure of individual park PACEs to change agents differ in important ways. For example, parks such as Great Smoky Mountains exhibit high land use and low climate exposure, others such as Great Sand Dunes exhibit low land use and high climate exposure, and a few such as Point Reyes exhibit high exposure on both axes. The cumulative and synergistic effects of such changes in land use, invasives, and climate are expected to dramatically impact ecosystem function and biodiversity in national parks. These results are foundational to developing effective adaptation strategies and suggest policies to better safeguard parks under broad-scale environmental change.
C1 [Hansen, Andrew J.; Piekielek, Nathan] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Davis, Cory; Running, Steven W.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Haas, Jessica] US Forest Serv, USDA, Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA.
[Theobald, David M.; Gross, John E.; Monahan, William B.] Natl Pk Serv, Inventory & Monitoring Div, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Olliff, Tom] USGS Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Hansen, AJ (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM hansen@montana.edu
OI Piekielek, Nathan/0000-0002-2740-0675
FU NASA [BIOCLIM10-0034]; NASA Land Cover Land Use Change Program
FX Funding was provided by the NASA Applied Sciences Program
(10-BIOCLIM10-0034) and the NASA Land Cover Land Use Change Program.
Data were provided by Gerald Rehfeldt, USDA Forest Sciences Lab, Moscow,
Idaho. Robert Bennetts drafted Fig. 1. Comments by Gary Machlis improved
the manuscript.
NR 65
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 15
U2 83
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 3
BP 484
EP 502
DI 10.1890/13-0905.1
PG 19
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AD4TA
UT WOS:000333242300006
PM 24834735
ER
PT J
AU Olden, JD
Konrad, CP
Melis, TS
Kennard, MJ
Freeman, MC
Mims, MC
Bray, EN
Gido, KB
Hemphill, NP
Lytle, DA
McMullen, LE
Pyron, M
Robinson, CT
Schmidt, JC
Williams, JG
AF Olden, Julian D.
Konrad, Christopher P.
Melis, Theodore S.
Kennard, Mark J.
Freeman, Mary C.
Mims, Meryl C.
Bray, Erin N.
Gido, Keith B.
Hemphill, Nina P.
Lytle, David A.
McMullen, Laura E.
Pyron, Mark
Robinson, Christopher T.
Schmidt, John C.
Williams, John G.
TI Are large-scale flow experiments informing the science and management of
freshwater ecosystems?
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID MODIFYING DAM OPERATIONS; MANAGING RIVER FLOWS; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT;
ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; EXPERIMENTAL FLOODS;
DECISION-MAKING; GRAND-CANYON; RESPONSES; SYSTEMS
AB Greater scientific knowledge, changing societal values, and legislative mandates have emphasized the importance of implementing large-scale flow experiments (FEs) downstream of dams. We provide the first global assessment of FEs to evaluate their success in advancing science and informing management decisions. Systematic review of 113 FEs across 20 countries revealed that clear articulation of experimental objectives, while not universally practiced, was crucial for achieving management outcomes and changing dam-operating policies. Furthermore, changes to dam operations were three times less likely when FEs were conducted primarily for scientific purposes. Despite the recognized importance of riverine flow regimes, four-fifths of FEs involved only discrete flow events. Over three-quarters of FEs documented both abiotic and biotic outcomes, but only one-third examined multiple taxonomic responses, thus limiting how FE results can inform holistic dam management. Future FEs will present new opportunities to advance scientifically credible water policies.
C1 [Olden, Julian D.; Mims, Meryl C.; Williams, John G.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Konrad, Christopher P.] US Geol Survey, Washington Water Sci Ctr, Tacoma, WA USA.
[Melis, Theodore S.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Kennard, Mark J.] Griffith Univ, Northern Australia Hub & Australian Rivers Inst, Natl Environm Res Program, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia.
[Freeman, Mary C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA.
[Bray, Erin N.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Donald Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Gido, Keith B.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Hemphill, Nina P.] US Forest Serv, Sequoia Natl Forest, Porterville, CA USA.
[Lytle, David A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[McMullen, Laura E.] ICF Int, Portland, OR USA.
[Pyron, Mark] Ball State Univ, Dept Biol, Muncie, IN 47306 USA.
[Robinson, Christopher T.] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Schmidt, John C.] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Olden, JD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM olden@uw.edu
RI Kennard, Mark/C-3425-2008; Bray, Erin/P-3712-2016; Pyron,
Mark/D-4572-2011;
OI Kennard, Mark/0000-0003-4383-4999; Bray, Erin/0000-0001-7259-3210;
Pyron, Mark/0000-0003-0451-7827; Olden, Julian/0000-0003-2143-1187;
Konrad, Christopher/0000-0002-7354-547X; Mims, Meryl/0000-0003-0570-988X
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) [12374]
FX We thank D Carlisle for his comments on the manuscript. This
contribution is based on the workshop "Evaluating Responses of
Freshwater Ecosystems to Experimental Water Management", funded by the
National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS Project
12374).
NR 53
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 5
U2 51
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 12
IS 3
BP 176
EP 185
DI 10.1890/130076
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AD8XJ
UT WOS:000333548700008
ER
PT J
AU Heeszel, DS
Fricker, HA
Bassis, JN
O'Neel, S
Walter, F
AF Heeszel, David S.
Fricker, Helen A.
Bassis, Jeremy N.
O'Neel, Shad
Walter, Fabian
TI Seismicity within a propagating ice shelf rift: The relationship between
icequake locations and ice shelf structure
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
DE Amery Ice Shelf; Ice Shelf Rifting; Back projection; Glacial seismology;
East Antarctica
ID AMERY ICE; EAST ANTARCTICA; MARINE ICE; MOMENT TENSORS; GORNERGLETSCHER;
EARTHQUAKES; INVERSIONS; PARAMETERS; VELOCITY; WAVES
AB Iceberg calving is a dominant mass loss mechanism for Antarctic ice shelves, second only to basal melting. An important process involved in calving is the initiation and propagation of through-penetrating fractures called rifts; however, the mechanisms controlling rift propagation remain poorly understood. To investigate the mechanics of ice shelf rifting, we analyzed seismicity associated with a propagating rift tip on the Amery Ice Shelf, using data collected during the austral summers of 2004-2007. We apply a suite of passive seismological techniques including icequake locations, back projection, and moment tensor inversion. We confirm previous results that show ice shelf rifting is characterized by periods of relative quiescence punctuated by swarms of intense seismicity of 1 to 3 h. Even during periods of quiescence, we find significant deformation around the rift tip. Moment tensors, calculated for a subset of the largest icequakes (M-w>-2.0) located near the rift tip, show steeply dipping fault planes, horizontal or shallowly plunging stress orientations, and often have a significant volumetric component. They also reveal that much of the observed seismicity is limited to the upper 50 m of the ice shelf. This suggests a complex system of deformation that involves the propagating rift, the region behind the rift tip, and a system of rift-transverse crevasses. Small-scale variations in the mechanical structure of the ice shelf, especially rift-transverse crevasses and accreted marine ice, play an important role in modulating the rate and location of seismicity associated with the propagating ice shelf rifts.
C1 [Heeszel, David S.; Fricker, Helen A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Bassis, Jeremy N.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[O'Neel, Shad] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Walter, Fabian] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Inst Sci Terre, Grenoble, France.
RP Heeszel, DS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM david.heeszel@nrc.gov
RI Bassis, Jeremy/J-1706-2012; Walter, Fabian/B-7490-2014
OI Bassis, Jeremy/0000-0003-2946-7176; Walter, Fabian/0000-0001-6952-2761
FU NSF [OPP-0739769, OPP-0337838]; NASA [NNX10AB216G]; NSF CAREER
[ANT-114085]; NSF grant EAGER-NSF-ARC; USGS Climate and Land Use Change
Mission Area; Cecil H. and Ida B. Green Foundation at IGGP, Scripps
Institution of Oceanography; Program for Array Seismic Studies of the
Continental Lithosphere (PASSCAL), part of the Incorporated Research
Institutions for Seismology (IRIS)
FX Funding for this research was provided by NSF grants OPP-0739769 and
OPP-0337838. J.N. Bassis was supported by NASA grant NNX10AB216G, NSF
CAREER grant ANT-114085, and NSF grant EAGER-NSF-ARC. S. O'Neel was
supported by the USGS Climate and Land Use Change Mission Area. D. S.
Heeszel was partially supported by the Cecil H. and Ida B. Green
Foundation at IGGP, Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The Program for
Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere (PASSCAL), part of
the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), provided
seismic equipment. Archived data are available at IRIS online
(http://www.iris.edu/hq). The Australian Antarctic Division provided
logistical support for fieldwork. We thank Jacob Walter and four
anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved the clarity of
this manuscript. We thank William and Carl Tape for making their lune
plotting scripts available.
NR 48
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 731
EP 744
DI 10.1002/2013JF002849
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AH9TX
UT WOS:000336487100003
ER
PT J
AU McCabe, GJ
Wolock, DM
AF McCabe, Gregory J.
Wolock, David M.
TI Variability Common to Global Sea Surface Temperatures and Runoff in the
Conterminous United States
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate variability; Climatology; Hydrology; Hydrometeorology; Water
budget
ID ATLANTIC MULTIDECADAL OSCILLATION; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA;
SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; WATER-BALANCE; EL-NINO; ENSO TELECONNECTIONS;
CLIMATE VARIABILITY; PACIFIC-OCEAN; RIVER-BASIN; DROUGHT
AB Singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to identify the variability common to global sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and water-balance-modeled water-year (WY) runoff in the conterminous United States (CONUS) for the 1900-2012 period. Two modes were identified from the SVD analysis; the two modes explain 25% of the variability in WY runoff and 33% of the variability in WY SSTs. The first SVD mode reflects the variability of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the SST data and the hydroclimatic effects of ENSO on WY runoff in the CONUS. The second SVD mode is related to variability of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO). An interesting aspect of these results is that both ENSO and AMO appear to have nearly equivalent effects on runoff variability in the CONUS. However, the relatively small amount of variance explained by the SVD analysis indicates that there is little covariation between runoff and SSTs, suggesting that SSTs may not be a viable predictor of runoff variability for most of the conterminous United States.
C1 [McCabe, Gregory J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Wolock, David M.] US Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS USA.
RP McCabe, GJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 412, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM gmccabe@usgs.gov
NR 57
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 2
BP 714
EP 725
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-097.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AE7LN
UT WOS:000334179500012
ER
PT J
AU Huntington, TG
Billmire, M
AF Huntington, T. G.
Billmire, M.
TI Trends in Precipitation, Runoff, and Evapotranspiration for Rivers
Draining to the Gulf of Maine in the United States
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Streamflow; Rainfall; Runoff; Climate variability; Evapotranspiration;
Hydrology
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; CLIMATE DIVISION DATABASE; HYDROLOGICAL
CYCLE; BASIN; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; FOREST; USA; REGRESSION;
STREAMFLOW
AB Climate warming is projected to result in increases in total annual precipitation in northeastern North America. The response of runoff to increases in precipitation is likely to be more complex because increasing evapotranspiration (ET) could counteract increasing precipitation. This study was conducted to examine these competing trends in the historical record for 22 rivers having >70 yr of runoff data. Annual (water year) average precipitation increased in all basins, with increases ranging from 0.9 to 3.12 mm yr(-1). Runoff increased in all basins with increases ranging from 0.67 to 2.58 mm yr(-1). The ET was calculated by using a water balance approach in which changes in terrestrial water storage were considered negligible. ET increased in 16 basins and decreased in 6 basins. Temporal trends in temperature, precipitation, runoff, and ET were also calculated for each basin over their respective periods of record for runoff and for the consistent period (1927-2011) for the area-weighted average of the nine largest non-nested basins. From 1927 through 2011, precipitation and runoff increased at average rates of 1.6 and 1.7 mm yr(-1), respectively, and ET increased slightly at a rate of 0.18 mm yr(-1). For the more recent period (1970-2011), there was a positive trend in ET of 1.9 mm yr(-1). The lack of a more consistent increase in ET, compared with the increases in precipitation and runoff, for the full periods of record, was unexpected, but may be explained by various factors including decreasing wind speed, increasing cloudiness, decreasing vapor pressure deficit, and patterns of forest growth.
C1 [Huntington, T. G.] US Geol Survey, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
[Billmire, M.] Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Tech Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
RP Huntington, TG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 196 Whitten Rd, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
EM thunting@usgs.gov
OI Huntington, Thomas/0000-0002-9427-3530
FU NASA [NNH12AT17I, NNH04 AA66I, NNH08A157I]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We gratefully acknowledge the assistance with data collection over many
years by dedicated hydrologic technicians working with the U. S.
Geological Survey and Environment Canada. Primary funding for this work
was generously provided to T. G. Huntington by NASA (Grants NNH12AT17I,
NNH04 AA66I, and NNH08A157I). Additional support was provided by the
U.S. Geological Survey's funds for the study of Climate and Land Use
Change. We wish to thank Ward Sanford (U.S. Geological Survey) and three
anonymous reviewers for their reviews of earlier drafts of this paper.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 96
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 36
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 2
BP 726
EP 743
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-018.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AE7LN
UT WOS:000334179500013
ER
PT J
AU Battaglin, WA
Kolok, A
AF Battaglin, William A.
Kolok, Alan
TI FEATURED COLLECTION INTRODUCTION: CONTAMINANTS OF EMERGING CONCERN II1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID PHARMACEUTICALS; HORMONES
C1 [Battaglin, William A.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, DFC, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Kolok, Alan] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Nebraska Watershed Network, Omaha, NE 68182 USA.
RP Battaglin, WA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, DFC, Bldg 53,MS 415, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM wbattagl@usgs.gov
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 261
EP 265
DI 10.1111/jawr.12176
PG 5
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AE0WM
UT WOS:000333687000001
ER
PT J
AU Battaglin, WA
Meyer, MT
Kuivila, KM
Dietze, JE
AF Battaglin, W. A.
Meyer, M. T.
Kuivila, K. M.
Dietze, J. E.
TI GLYPHOSATE AND ITS DEGRADATION PRODUCT AMPA OCCUR FREQUENTLY AND WIDELY
IN US SOILS, SURFACE WATER, GROUNDWATER, AND PRECIPITATION(1)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE glyphosate; AMPA; water quality; surface water; groundwater;
precipitation
ID RESISTANT CROPS; AMINOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID; PLACENTAL CELLS;
UNITED-STATES; HERBICIDE GLYPHOSATE; SUBLETHAL TOXICITY; WISTAR RATS;
PESTICIDES; ROUNDUP; FORMULATION
AB Glyphosate use in the United States increased from less than 5,000 to more than 80,000metric tons/yr between 1987 and 2007. Glyphosate is popular due to its ease of use on soybean, cotton, and corn crops that are genetically modified to tolerate it, utility in no-till farming practices, utility in urban areas, and the perception that it has low toxicity and little mobility in the environment. This compilation is the largest and most comprehensive assessment of the environmental occurrence of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in the United States conducted to date, summarizing the results of 3,732 water and sediment and 1,018 quality assurance samples collected between 2001 and 2010 from 38 states. Results indicate that glyphosate and AMPA are usually detected together, mobile, and occur widely in the environment. Glyphosate was detected without AMPA in only 2.3% of samples, whereas AMPA was detected without glyphosate in 17.9% of samples. Glyphosate and AMPA were detected frequently in soils and sediment, ditches and drains, precipitation, rivers, and streams; and less frequently in lakes, ponds, and wetlands; soil water; and groundwater. Concentrations of glyphosate were below the levels of concern for humans or wildlife; however, pesticides are often detected in mixtures. Ecosystem effects of chronic low-level exposures to pesticide mixtures are uncertain. The environmental health risk of low-level detections of glyphosate, AMPA, and associated adjuvants and mixtures remain to be determined.
C1 [Battaglin, W. A.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, DFC, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Meyer, M. T.; Dietze, J. E.] US Geol Survey, Kansas Water Sci Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
[Kuivila, K. M.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
RP Battaglin, WA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, DFC, Box 25046,MS 415, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM wbattagl@usgs.gov
FU USGS Toxics Substances Hydrology Program; USGS Amphibian Research and
Monitoring Initiative (ARMI)
FX The authors would like to thank all of the USGS Water Science Center
personnel who collected samples, processed and managed data, or
otherwise contributed to the creation of this large data set including
Donald Goolsby, Dana Kolpin, Mike Thurman, Mike Meyer, Betty Scribner,
Steve Kalkhoff, Jeff Frey, Richard Coupe, Paul Capel, and Robert
Gilliom. The analytical skills, technical support, and data management
skills of the staff at the USGS Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory
in Lawrence, Kansas, were essential in completion of this manuscript.
Helpful comments from Michael Focazio, Dana Kolpin, and two anonymous
reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. The authors gratefully
acknowledge the financial support from the USGS Toxics Substances
Hydrology Program and the USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring
Initiative (ARMI). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 99
TC 25
Z9 29
U1 22
U2 123
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 275
EP 290
DI 10.1111/jawr.12159
PG 16
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AE0WM
UT WOS:000333687000003
ER
PT J
AU Nilsen, E
Furlong, ET
Rosenbauer, R
AF Nilsen, Elena
Furlong, Edward T.
Rosenbauer, Robert
TI RECONNAISSANCE OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND WASTEWATER INDICATORS IN STREAMBED
SEDIMENTS OF THE LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, OREGON AND WASHINGTON(1)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE environmental impacts; endocrine disruption; environmental sampling;
organic chemicals; point source pollution; nonpoint source pollution;
and streambed sediment
ID SYNTHETIC MUSK FRAGRANCES; COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOWS; SOLID-PHASE
EXTRACTION; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; EMERGING
CONTAMINANTS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; SURFACE-WATER; ENVIRONMENT; FATE
AB One by-product of advances in modern chemistry is the accumulation of synthetic chemicals in the natural environment. These compounds include contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), some of which are endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) that can have detrimental reproductive effects. The role of sediments in accumulating these types of chemicals and acting as a source of exposure for aquatic organisms is not well understood. Here we present a small-scale reconnaissance of CECs in bed sediments of the lower Columbia River and several tributaries and urban streams. Surficial bed sediment samples were collected from the Columbia River, the Willamette River, the Tualatin River, and several small urban creeks in Oregon. Thirty-nine compounds were detected at concentrations ranging from <1 to >1,000ng [g sediment](-1) dry weight basis. Concentrations and frequencies of detection were higher in tributaries and small urban creeks than in the Columbia River mainstem, suggesting a higher risk of exposure to aquatic life in lower order streams. Ten known or suspected EDCs were detected during the study. At least one EDC was detected at 21 of 23 sites sampled; several EDCs were detected in sediment from most sites. This study is the first to document the occurrence of a large suite of CECs in the sediments of the Columbia River basin. A better understanding of the role of sediment in the fate and effects of emerging contaminants is needed.
C1 [Nilsen, Elena] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Furlong, Edward T.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Rosenbauer, Robert] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
RP Nilsen, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM enilsen@usgs.gov
RI Nilsen, Elena/I-3579-2016
OI Nilsen, Elena/0000-0002-0104-6321
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Venture Capital Award Program
FX We thank Andy Arnsberg, Lyndal Johnson, and the NOAA, Greg Coffeen and
the ODEQ, and the Lower Columbia Estuary Partnership, Greg Fuhrer,
Jennifer Morace, and many other individuals for helpful discussion.
Funding was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey's Venture Capital
Award Program. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 60
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 291
EP 301
DI 10.1111/jawr.12161
PG 11
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AE0WM
UT WOS:000333687000004
ER
PT J
AU Bradley, PM
Writer, JH
AF Bradley, Paul M.
Writer, Jeffrey H.
TI EFFECT OF LIGHT ON BIODEGRADATION OF ESTRONE, 17 beta-ESTRADIOL, AND 17
alpha-ETHINYLESTRADIOL IN STREAM SEDIMENT1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE biodegradation; endocrine disruption; estrogens; estrone; estradiol;
ethinylestradiol; oxic; streams; epilithon; sediment; light
ID SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; WASTE-WATER
TREATMENT; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SLUDGE TREATMENT WORKS;
ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; IN-VIVO; ESTROGENIC CHEMICALS; SURFACE-WATER;
ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS
AB Biodegradation of [A-ring C-14] Estrone (E1), 17-estradiol (E2), and 17-ethinylestradiol (EE2) to (CO2)-C-14 was investigated under light and dark conditions in microcosms containing epilithon or sediment collected from Boulder Creek, Colorado. Mineralization of the estrogen A-ring was observed in all sediment treatments, but not epilithon treatments. No difference in net mineralization between light and dark treatments was observed for C-14-E2. Net mineralization of C-14-E1 and C-14-EE2 was enhanced in light treatments. Extents of (CO2)-C-14 accumulation and rates of mineralization were significantly greater for E2 than E1 under dark conditions, but were comparable under light conditions. These results indicate substantial differences in the uptake and metabolism of E1 and E2 in the environment and suggest biorecalcitrance of E1 relative to E2 in light-limited environments. The extent of (CO2)-C-14 accumulation and rate of mineralization for EE2 in dark treatments were less than half of that observed for E2 and generally lower than for E1, consistent with previous reports of EE2 biorecalcitrance. However, (CO2)-C-14 accumulation and rates of mineralization were comparable for EE2, E2, and E1 under light conditions. These results indicate photoactivation and/or phototransformation/photodegradation processes can substantially enhance heterotrophic biodegradation of estrogens in sunlit environments and may play an important role in estrogen transport and attenuation.
C1 [Bradley, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, South Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
[Writer, Jeffrey H.] US Geol Survey, Branch Reg Res, Boulder, CO 80304 USA.
RP Bradley, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, South Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd,Suite 129, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM pbradley@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic
Substances Hydrology Program. The use of trade, product, or firm names
in this paper is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 78
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 334
EP 342
DI 10.1111/jawr.12157
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AE0WM
UT WOS:000333687000008
ER
PT J
AU Yager, TJB
Furlong, ET
Kolpin, DW
Kinney, CA
Zaugg, SD
Burkhardt, MR
AF Yager, Tracy J. B.
Furlong, Edward T.
Kolpin, Dana W.
Kinney, Chad A.
Zaugg, Steven D.
Burkhardt, Mark R.
TI DISSIPATION OF CONTAMINANTS OF EMERGING CONCERN IN BIOSOLIDS APPLIED TO
NONIRRIGATED FARMLAND IN EASTERN COLORADO(1)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE organic chemicals; soils; transport and fate; biosolids; crops; field
dissipation
ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; WASTE-WATER
CONTAMINANTS; MUNICIPAL BIOSOLIDS; LAND APPLICATION; SEWAGE-SLUDGE;
AMENDED SOILS; FATHEAD MINNOWS; CROP PLANTS; PHARMACEUTICALS
AB In 2007, a 1.5-year field-scale study was initiated by the U.S. Geological Survey to evaluate the dissipation of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) following a first agronomic biosolids application to nonirrigated farmland. CECs with the greatest decrease in concentration in the surface biosolids at 180days post-application included indole, d-limonene, p-cresol, phenol, and skatol. CECs that were present in the largest concentration in 180-day-weathered biosolids included stanols, nonylphenols, bisphenol A, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, hexahydrohexamethyl cyclopenta-benzopyran (HHCB), and triclosan. CECs that were detected in pre-application soil were 3-beta coprostanol, skatol, acetophenone, beta-sitosterol, beta-stigmastanol, cholesterol, indole, p-cresol, and phenol, most of which are biogenic sterols or fragrances that have natural plant sources in addition to anthropogenic sources, yet their concentrations increased (in some cases, substantially) following biosolids application. Preliminary data indicate the nonylphenols (including NPEO1, NPEO2), OPEO1, benzo[a]pyrene, diethyl phthalate, d-limonene, HHCB, triclosan, and possibly 3-beta coprostanol, skatol, beta-sitosterol, cholesterol, indole, and p-cresol, migrated downward through the soil by 468days post-application, but indicated little uptake by mature wheat plants. This study indicates that some CECs are sufficiently persistent and mobile to be vertically transported into the soil column following biosolids applications to the land surface, even in semiarid regions.
C1 [Yager, Tracy J. B.; Furlong, Edward T.; Zaugg, Steven D.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Kolpin, Dana W.] US Geol Survey, Iowa City, IA 52244 USA.
[Kinney, Chad A.] Colorado State Univ, Pueblo, CO 81001 USA.
[Burkhardt, Mark R.] US EPA, Reg Lab 8, Golden, CO 80403 USA.
[Burkhardt, Mark R.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Yager, TJB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046 MS415, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM tjyager@usgs.gov
FU USGS National Toxics Program
FX The authors thank the WWTP and the farmer at this site for participating
in this study. The authors thank the USGS National Toxics Program for
supporting the study. The authors thank V. Cory Stephens, Mary Kochivar,
Patricia Oaks, Julia Glovack, Clay Thompson, and Stephen Werner for
assistance in surveying and sample collection. Any use of trade names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. It is with great sadness that we note that our colleague and
coauthor, Steven D. Zaugg, passed away before the publication of this
article.
NR 54
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 34
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 343
EP 357
DI 10.1111/jawr.12163
PG 15
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AE0WM
UT WOS:000333687000009
ER
PT J
AU Elliott, SM
Kiesling, RL
Jorgenson, ZG
Rearick, DC
Schoenfuss, HL
Fredricks, KT
Gaikowski, MP
AF Elliott, Sarah M.
Kiesling, Richard L.
Jorgenson, Zachary G.
Rearick, Daniel C.
Schoenfuss, Heiko L.
Fredricks, Kim T.
Gaikowski, Mark P.
TI FATHEAD MINNOW AND BLUEGILL SUNFISH LIFE-STAGE RESPONSES TO 17
beta-ESTRADIOL EXPOSURE IN OUTDOOR MESOCOSMS1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE endocrine disruption; mesocosm; multigenerational exposures; estrogen;
fish; lakes
ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; TREATMENT-PLANT EFFLUENT;
LEPOMIS-MACROCHIRUS; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; REPRODUCTIVE DISRUPTION;
CYPRINODON-VARIEGATUS; SYNTHETIC ESTROGEN; MILL EFFLUENT; WILD FISH;
WATER
AB Developmental and reproductive effects of 17-estradiol (E2) exposure on two generations of fathead minnows and one generation of bluegill sunfish were assessed. Fish were exposed to E2 for six continuous weeks in outdoor mesocosms simulating natural lake environments. First generation fish were exposed while sexually mature. Second generation fathead minnows were exposed either during early development, sexual maturity, or both stages. Multiple endpoints were measured to assess effects of E2 exposure on fecundity and fish health and development. Plasma vitellogenin concentrations were highly variable in all fish. Differences in egg production timing for both species indicate differences in fecundity between females exposed to E2 and controls. First generation fathead minnows exposed to E2 had lower body condition factors and reduced secondary sexual characteristic expression by males. Only a difference in relative liver weight was observed in second generation fathead minnows. First generation bluegill males exposed to E2 had significantly smaller testes compared to controls. Although fish response was highly variable, results indicate that exposure to E2 at environmentally relevant concentrations affect fathead minnow and bluegill sunfish health and development, which may have implications for the health and sustainability of fish populations. Furthermore, exposure timing and environmental factors affect fish response to E2 exposure.
C1 [Elliott, Sarah M.; Kiesling, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA.
[Jorgenson, Zachary G.] St Cloud State Univ, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA.
[Rearick, Daniel C.; Schoenfuss, Heiko L.] St Cloud State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA.
[Fredricks, Kim T.] Viterbo Univ, Dept Biol, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Fredricks, Kim T.; Gaikowski, Mark P.] US Geol Survey, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
RP Elliott, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2280 Woodale Dr, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA.
EM selliott@usgs.gov
OI Elliott, Sarah/0000-0002-1414-3024
FU Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund
FX This research was supported by a grant from the Minnesota Environment
and Natural Resources Trust Fund. The use of trade or industry names in
this article is for identification purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. The authors thank UMESC personnel
Jeremy Wise, Leanna Jackan, Keith Fitzgerald, and Samantha Bodden, who
were responsible for setup and daily maintenance of the mesocosms, and
Jeffrey Meinertz who assisted with the experiment design.
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 376
EP 387
DI 10.1111/jawr.12169
PG 12
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AE0WM
UT WOS:000333687000011
ER
PT J
AU Bradley, PM
Journey, CA
AF Bradley, Paul M.
Journey, Celeste A.
TI ASSESSMENT OF ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS ATTENUATION IN A COASTAL
PLAIN STREAM PRIOR TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLOSURE1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE contaminants of emerging concern; endocrine-disrupting chemicals;
wastewater; attenuation; water; sediment; hormones; surfactants;
ecosystem impairment
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; MALE FATHEAD
MINNOWS; IN-VIVO; ESTROGENIC CHEMICALS; STEROID-HORMONES; SELECTIVE
UPTAKE; ORGANIC-MATTER; STW EFFLUENT; FISH
AB The U.S. Geological Survey is conducting a combined pre/post-closure assessment at a long-term wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) site at Fort Gordon near Augusta, Georgia. Here, we assess select endocrine-active chemicals and benthic macroinvertebrate community structure prior to closure of the WWTP. Substantial downstream transport and limited instream attenuation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) was observed in Spirit Creek over a 2.2-km stream segment downstream of the WWTP outfall. A modest decline (less than 20% in all cases) in surface water detections was observed with increasing distance downstream of the WWTP and attributed to partitioning to the sediment. Estrogens detected in surface water in this study included estrone (E1), 17-estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3). The 5ng/l and higher mean estrogen concentrations observed in downstream locations indicated that the potential for endocrine disruption was substantial. Concentrations of alkylphenol ethoxylate (APE) metabolite EDCs also remained statistically elevated above levels observed at the upstream control site. Wastewater-derived pharmaceutical and APE metabolites were detected in the outflow of Spirit Lake, indicating the potential for EDC transport to aquatic ecosystems downstream of Fort Gordon. The results indicate substantial EDC occurrence, downstream transport, and persistence under continuous supply conditions and provide a baseline for a rare evaluation of ecosystem response to WWTP closure.
C1 [Bradley, Paul M.; Journey, Celeste A.] US Geol Survey, South Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Bradley, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, South Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd,Suite 129, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM pbradley@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Army; U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology program
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Army and the U.S. Geological
Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology program. Wastewater treatment plant
discharge and water quality data were provided by Nathan M. Kirby, John
B. Wellborn, and W. Hagan Ratliff with the Fort Gordon Environmental and
Natural Resources Management Office (ENRMO). The use of trade, product,
or firm names in this article is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 87
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 388
EP 400
DI 10.1111/jawr.12165
PG 13
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AE0WM
UT WOS:000333687000012
ER
PT J
AU Lee, KE
Barber, LB
Schoenfuss, HL
AF Lee, K. E.
Barber, L. B.
Schoenfuss, H. L.
TI SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF ENDOCRINE ACTIVE CHEMICALS IN SMALL
STREAMS INDICATE DIFFERENTIAL EXPOSURE TO AQUATIC ORGANISMS(1)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE treated wastewater effluent; toxicology; environmental impacts; fish;
point source pollution; estrogenicity; alkylphenols; steroid hormones;
endocrine disruption
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; MALE FATHEAD MINNOWS; ALKYLPHENOL
POLYETHOXYLATE SURFACTANTS; TREATMENT PLANT EFFLUENTS; SEWAGE-TREATMENT
PLANTS; MUNICIPAL WASTE-WATER; IN-VITRO; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; ESTROGENIC
CHEMICALS; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE
AB Alkylphenolic chemicals (APCs) and hormones were measured six times from February through October 2007 in three Minnesota streams receiving wastewater to identify spatial and temporal patterns in concentrations and in estrogen equivalency. Fish were collected once during the study to evaluate endpoints indicative of endocrine disruption. The most commonly detected APCs were 4-tert-octylphenol and 4-nonylphenol and the most commonly detected hormones were estrone and androstenedione. Chemical concentrations were greatest for nonylphenol ethoxycarboxylates (NPECs) (5,000-140,000ng/l), followed by 4-nonlylphenol and 4-nonylphenolethoxylates (50-880ng/l), 4-tert-octylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenolethoxylates with concentrations as great as 130ng/l, and hormones (0.1-54ng/l). Patterns in chemicals and estrogen equivalency indicated that wastewater effluent is a pathway of APCs and hormones to downstream locations in this study. However, upstream contributions can be equally or more important indicating alternative sources. This study indicates that aquatic organisms experience both spatially and temporally variable exposures in the number of compounds, total concentrations, and estrogenicity. This variability was evident in fish collected from the three rivers as no clear upstream to downstream pattern of endocrine disruption endpoints emerged.
C1 [Lee, K. E.] US Geol Survey, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
[Barber, L. B.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Schoenfuss, H. L.] St Cloud State Univ, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA.
RP Lee, KE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 415 S Pokegama Ave, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
EM klee@usgs.gov
FU MPCA
FX The authors would like to thank the personnel at the Marshall, Hinckley,
and Hutchinson WWTPs who provided site access and details of plant
operations; MPCA who provided funding; Angela Preimesberger, Mark
Ferrey, David Fawcett, and Carol Sinden (MPCA), who contributed to the
study design, field sampling, data retrievals, and geographic
information system and environmental data analyses; and Chad Anderson,
Christine Yaeger, John Greene, Katie Barnella, Janece Koelis, and Jeff
Writer (USGS), who collected and analyzed environmental samples.
NR 70
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 401
EP 419
DI 10.1111/jawr.12162
PG 19
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AE0WM
UT WOS:000333687000013
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, ER
Smalling, KL
Reilly, TJ
Gray, E
Bond, L
Steele, L
Kandel, P
Chamberlin, A
Gause, J
Reynolds, N
Robertson, I
Novak, S
Feris, K
White, MM
AF Wilson, Emma R.
Smalling, Kelly L.
Reilly, Timothy J.
Gray, Elmer
Bond, Laura
Steele, Lance
Kandel, Prasanna
Chamberlin, Alison
Gause, Justin
Reynolds, Nicole
Robertson, Ian
Novak, Stephen
Feris, Kevin
White, Merlin M.
TI ASSESSING THE POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF FUNGICIDES ON NONTARGET GUT FUNGI
(TRICHOMYCETES) AND THEIR ASSOCIATED LARVAL BLACK FLY HOSTS1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE agriculture; aquatic fungi; black fly; fungicides; nontarget
ID TARGETED USE AREAS; FLIES DIPTERA; SMITTIUM-CULISETAE; WATER MICROCOSMS;
UNITED-STATES; US STREAMS; PESTICIDES; HARPELLALES; MACROINVERTEBRATES;
SIMULIIDAE
AB Fungicides are moderately hydrophobic and have been detected in water and sediment, particularly in agricultural watersheds, but typically are not included in routine water quality monitoring efforts. This is despite their widespread use and frequent application to combat fungal pathogens. Although the efficacy of these compounds on fungal pathogens is well documented, little is known about their effects on nontarget fungi. This pilot study, a field survey in southwestern Idaho from April to December 2010 on four streams with varying pesticide inputs (two agricultural and two reference sites), was conducted to assess nontarget impact of fungicides on gut fungi, or trichomycetes. Tissues of larval black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae), hosts of gut fungi, were analyzed for pesticide accumulation. Fungicides were detected in hosts from streams within agricultural watersheds but were not detected in hosts from reference streams. Gut fungi from agricultural sites exhibited decreased percent infestation, density and sporulation within the gut, and black fly tissues had elevated pesticide concentrations. Differences observed between the sites demonstrate a potential effect on this symbiotic system. Future research is needed to parse out the details of the complex biotic and abiotic relationships; however, these preliminary results indicate that impacts to nontarget organisms could have far-reaching consequences within aquatic ecosystems.
C1 [Wilson, Emma R.; Bond, Laura; Steele, Lance; Kandel, Prasanna; Chamberlin, Alison; Gause, Justin; Reynolds, Nicole; Robertson, Ian; Novak, Stephen; Feris, Kevin; White, Merlin M.] Boise State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[Smalling, Kelly L.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Reilly, Timothy J.] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, West Trenton, NJ 08628 USA.
[Gray, Elmer] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Wilson, ER (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 1910 Univ Dr, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
EM emmawilson@boisestate.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 098182]; U.S. Geological Survey Toxic
Substances Hydrology Program
FX Research was funded by the National Science Foundation DEB 098182 and by
generous support from the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances
Hydrology Program. The authors thank the following members of the USGS
for their support: Kathryn Kuivila, Mark Hardy, William Battaglin, Adria
Elskus, Megan McWayne-Holmes, Jim Orlando, and Alexandria Ethridge;
graduates and undergraduates at Boise State University: Sarah Oman,
Korinne Wade, Donavon Carrie, Yan Wang, Eric Tretter, and Eric Johnson;
other personnel at BSU: Julie Heath and Department of Biological
Sciences; as well as Rusty Rodriguez (USGS), Mike Thornton and Bill
Buhrig (University of Idaho), Eddie Beard and Peter Adler (Clemson
University), Bruce Horn (USDA), and Robert Lichtwardt (University of
Kansas).
NR 51
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 420
EP 433
DI 10.1111/jawr.12166
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AE0WM
UT WOS:000333687000014
PM 26380545
ER
PT J
AU Diamanka, A
Loch, TP
Cipriano, RC
Winters, AD
Faisal, M
AF Diamanka, Arfang
Loch, Thomas P.
Cipriano, Rocco C.
Winters, Andrew D.
Faisal, Mohamed
TI INFECTION OF SEA LAMPREY WITH AN UNUSUAL STRAIN OF AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Aeromonas salmonicida; fish disease; furunculosis; Great Lakes; sea
lamprey
ID FISH PATHOGEN; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS;
GENE-SEQUENCES; LAKE-ONTARIO; L.; IDENTIFICATION; SURFACE; LESIONS; GYRB
AB The invasion of the Laurentian Great Lakes by the fish-parasitic sea lamprey has led to catastrophic consequences, including the potential introduction of fish pathogens. Aeromonas salmonicida is a bacterial fish pathogen that causes devastating losses worldwide. Currently, there are five accepted subspecies of Aeromonas salmonicida: A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, masoucida, smithia, achromogenes, and pectinolytica. We discuss the discovery of an isolate of A. salmonicida that is pathogenic to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and exhibits unique phenotypic and molecular characteristics. We examined 181 adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) from the Humber River (Lake Ontario watershed) and 162 adult sea lamprey from Duffins Creek (Lake Ontario watershed) during the spring seasons of 2005-11. Among those, 41343 (1.2%) sea lamprey were culture positive for A. salmonicida, whereby biochemical and molecular studies identified three of the isolates as A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. The remaining isolate (As-SL1) recovered from Humber River sea lamprey was phenotypically more similar to A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida than to the four other A. salmonicida subspecies. However, unlike A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, As-SL1 was sucrose positive, produced an acid-over-acid reaction on triple-sugar iron medium and did not amplify with A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida specific primers. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial stretches of the 16S rRNA and DNA gyrase subunit B genes further confirmed that the As-SL1 isolate was not A. salmonicida subsp. masoucida, smithia, achromogenes, or pectinolytica. Based on our analyses, the As-SL1 isolate is either an unusual strain of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida or a novel A. salmonicida subspecies. The four A. salmonicida isolates that were recovered from sea lamprey were pathogenic to rainbow trout in experimental challenge studies. Our study also underscores the potential role of sea lamprey in the ecology of infectious fish diseases.
C1 [Diamanka, Arfang; Loch, Thomas P.; Faisal, Mohamed] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Diagnost Invest, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Cipriano, Rocco C.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Winters, Andrew D.; Faisal, Mohamed] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Faisal, M (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Diagnost Invest, Nat Resources Bldg Room 4, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM faisal@cvm.msu.edu
FU Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation; US Department of
Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS)
[10-9100-1293-GR]
FX We thank the Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation for funding A.D.
and the US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection
Service (USDA-APHIS grant 10-9100-1293-GR) for financial support, as
well as the Michigan Department of Natural Resources for guidance and
assistance with sample collection. We also thank Nicole Zokvic and
Danielle VanVliet for outstanding technical assistance.
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 26
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 159
EP 170
DI 10.7589/2013-01-026
PG 12
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AH6JT
UT WOS:000336237900001
PM 24484501
ER
PT J
AU Tripp, DW
Rocke, TE
Streich, SP
Brown, NL
Fernandez, JRR
Miller, MW
AF Tripp, Daniel W.
Rocke, Tonie E.
Streich, Sean P.
Brown, Nathanael L.
Fernandez, Julia Rodriguez-Ramos
Miller, Michael W.
TI SEASON AND APPLICATION RATES AFFECT VACCINE BAIT CONSUMPTION BY PRAIRIE
DOGS IN COLORADO AND UTAH, USA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Black-tailed prairie dog; Cynomys spp. Gunnison's prairie dog; plague;
rhodamine B; Utah prairie dog; vaccine; white-tailed prairie dog
ID RHODAMINE-B; CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; PLAGUE EPIZOOTICS; YERSINIA-PESTIS;
FLEAS; ABUNDANCE; MARKER
AB Plague, a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, causes high rates of mortality in prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.). An oral vaccine against plague has been developed for prairie dogs along with a palatable bait to deliver vaccine and a biomarker to track bait consumption. We conducted field trials between September 2009 and September 2012 to develop recommendations for bait distribution to deliver plague vaccine to prairie dogs. The objectives were to evaluate the use of the biomarker, rhodamine B, in field settings to compare bait distribution strategies, to compare uptake of baits distributed at different densities, to assess seasonal effects on bait uptake, and to measure bait uptake by nontarget small mammal species. Rhodamine B effectively marked prairie dogs' whiskers during these field trials. To compare bait distribution strategies, we applied baits around active burrows or along transects at densities of 32, 65, and 130 baits/ha. Distributing baits at active burrows or by transect did not affect uptake by prairie dogs. Distributing baits at rates of >= 65/ha (or >= 1 bait/active burrow) produced optimal uptake, and bait uptake by prairie dogs in the autumn was superior to uptake in the spring. Six other species of small mammals consumed baits during these trials. All four species of tested prairie dogs readily consumed the baits, demonstrating that vaccine uptake will not be an obstacle to plague control via oral vaccination.
C1 [Tripp, Daniel W.; Streich, Sean P.; Miller, Michael W.] Colorado Div Pk & Wildlife, Wildlife Hlth Program, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Rocke, Tonie E.; Fernandez, Julia Rodriguez-Ramos] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Brown, Nathanael L.] Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Southern Reg Off, Cedar City, UT 84720 USA.
RP Tripp, DW (reprint author), Colorado Div Pk & Wildlife, Wildlife Hlth Program, 317 West Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM dan.tripp@state.co.us
OI Rocke, Tonie/0000-0003-3933-1563
FU Colorado Parks and Wildlife; Colorado's Species Conservation Trust Fund;
Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; Fish and Wildlife Foundation; USGS
FX Our work was supported by Colorado Parks and Wildlife, Colorado's
Species Conservation Trust Fund, Utah Division of Wildlife Resources,
Fish and Wildlife Foundation, and USGS. We thank the City of Fort
Collins, Natural Areas Program and Utilities Department, and the US
Bureau of Land Management for access to field sites. We also thank T.
Martyn, T. Tretten, A. Tschirley, M. Fisher, and S. Singleton for
assistance in the field and J. Tripp, R. Conrey and B. Walker who
provided helpful comments on earlier manuscript drafts. Use of product
and trade names does not constitute endorsement by the US Government.
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 20
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 224
EP 234
DI 10.7589/2013-04-100
PG 11
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AH6JT
UT WOS:000336237900008
PM 24484490
ER
PT J
AU Germano, J
Van Zerr, VE
Esque, TC
Nussear, KE
Lamberski, N
AF Germano, Jennifer
Van Zerr, Vanessa E.
Esque, Todd C.
Nussear, Ken E.
Lamberski, Nadine
TI Impacts of Upper Respiratory Tract Disease on Olfactory Behavior of the
Mojave Desert Tortoise
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Gopherus agassizii; Mycoplasma agassizii; olfaction; scent; URTD
ID GOPHERUS-AGASSIZII; MYCOPLASMA; ANTIBODIES
AB Upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) caused by Mycoplasma agassizii is considered a threat to desert tortoise populations that should be addressed as part of the recovery of the species. Clinical signs can be intermittent and include serous or mucoid nasal discharge and respiratory difficulty when nares are occluded. This nasal congestion may result in a loss of the olfactory sense. Turtles are known to use olfaction to identify food items, predators, and conspecifics; therefore, it is likely that URTD affects not only their physical well-being but also their behavior and ability to perform necessary functions in the wild. To determine more specifically the impact nasal discharge might have on free-ranging tortoises (Gopherus agassizii), we compared the responses of tortoises with and without nasal discharge and both positive and negative for M. agassizii antibodies to a visually hidden olfactory food stimulus and an empty control. We found that nasal discharge did reduce sense of smell and hence the ability to locate food. Our study also showed that moderate chronic nasal discharge in the absence of other clinical signs did not affect appetite in desert tortoises.
C1 [Germano, Jennifer] San Diego Zoo Global, Inst Conservat Res, Escondido, CA 92027 USA.
[Van Zerr, Vanessa E.; Esque, Todd C.; Nussear, Ken E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
[Lamberski, Nadine] San Diego Zoo Safari Pk, Escondido, CA 92027 USA.
RP Lamberski, N (reprint author), San Diego Zoo Safari Pk, 15500 San Pasqual Valley Rd, Escondido, CA 92027 USA.
EM nlamberski@sandiegozoo.org
FU San Diego Zoo; US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey; Fort
Irwin National Training Center, Department of Defense
FX We thank Mallory Eckstut, Kelly Hunt, Jeanette Perry, Angela Covert,
Daniel Essary, Nelson Lau, Renee Lamkin, Andrew Modlin, Mike O'Mara, and
the Desert Tortoise Conservation Center staff for their assistance in
implementing this project. We are grateful to members of the Desert
Tortoise Disease Consortium for encouraging this work. Funding to
complete this work was provided by the San Diego Zoo, US Fish and
Wildlife Service, US Geological Survey, and Fort Irwin National Training
Center, Department of Defense. Any use of trade, product or firm names
in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US government.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 13
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 354
EP 358
DI 10.7589/2013-06-130
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AH6JT
UT WOS:000336237900025
PM 24506425
ER
PT J
AU Abbott, RC
Hudak, R
Mondesire, R
Baeten, LA
Russell, RE
Rocke, TE
AF Abbott, Rachel C.
Hudak, Robert
Mondesire, Roy
Baeten, Laurie A.
Russell, Robin E.
Rocke, Tonie E.
TI A Rapid Field Test for Sylvatic Plague Exposure in Wild Animals
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Coyote; lateral flow test; plague surveillance; prairie dog; Yersinia
pestis
ID FUSION PROTEIN VACCINE; YERSINIA-PESTIS; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE;
CANIS-LATRANS; ANTIGEN
AB Plague surveillance is routinely conducted to predict future epizootics in wildlife and exposure risk for humans. The most common surveillance method for sylvatic plague is detection of antibodies to Yersinia pestis F1 capsular antigen in sentinel animals, such as coyotes (Canis latrans). Current serologic tests for Y. pestis, hemagglutination (HA) test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), are expensive and labor intensive. To address this need, we developed a complete lateral flow device for the detection of specific antibodies to Y. pestis F1 and V antigens. Our test detected anti-F1 and anti-V antibodies in serum and Nobuto filter paper samples from coyotes, and in serum samples from prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus), lynx (Lynx canadensis), and black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes). Comparison of cassette results for anti-F1 and anti-V antibodies with results of ELISA or HA tests showed correlations ranging from 0.68 to 0.98. This device provides an affordable, user-friendly tool that may be useful in plague surveillance programs and as a research tool.
C1 [Abbott, Rachel C.; Russell, Robin E.; Rocke, Tonie E.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Hudak, Robert] Merlin Labs Inc, Carlsbad, CA 92011 USA.
[Mondesire, Roy] RoMonics LLC, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Baeten, Laurie A.] Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Rocke, TE (reprint author), USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM trocke@usgs.gov
OI Russell, Robin/0000-0001-8726-7303; Rocke, Tonie/0000-0003-3933-1563
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 31
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 384
EP 388
DI 10.7589/2013-07-174
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AH6JT
UT WOS:000336237900031
PM 24484483
ER
PT J
AU Burek-Huntington, KA
Gill, V
Bradway, DS
AF Burek-Huntington, Kathy A.
Gill, Verena
Bradway, Daniel S.
TI Locally Acquired Disseminated Histoplasmosis in a Northern Sea Otter
(Enhydra lutris kenyoni) in Alaska, USA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Enhydra lutris; Histoplasma capsulatum; northern sea otter;
seabirds
ID CRYPTOCOCCUS-GATTII; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CANADA; BATS
AB Histoplasmosis of local origin has not been reported in humans or wildlife in Alaska, and the disease has never been reported in a free-ranging marine mammal. In 2005 a northern sea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) was found on Kodiak Island, Alaska, at 57 latitude north, far outside the known distribution of Histoplasma capsulatum. The animal died of disseminated histoplasmosis. Microorganisms consistent with Histo plasma sp. were observed on histopathology, and H. capsulatum was identified by PCR and sequencing. We suggest migratory seabirds or aerosol transmission through prevailing winds may have resulted in transmission to the sea otter.
C1 [Burek-Huntington, Kathy A.] Alaska Vet Pathol Serv, Eagle River, AK 99577 USA.
[Gill, Verena] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Bradway, Daniel S.] Washington Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Burek-Huntington, KA (reprint author), Alaska Vet Pathol Serv, Eagle River, AK 99577 USA.
EM avps.kbh@gmail.com
FU USFWS
FX We thank Cy Maerieis for finding and reporting the animal to the USFWS,
and Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge staff, Rich Macintosh, and Kate
Wynne for local knowledge. This work was conducted under MMPA
authorization with funding from the USFWS.
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 8
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 389
EP 392
DI 10.7589/2013-11-288
PG 4
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AH6JT
UT WOS:000336237900032
PM 24484503
ER
PT J
AU Wiedmann, BP
Sargeant, GA
AF Wiedmann, Brett P.
Sargeant, Glen A.
TI Ecotypic Variation in Recruitment of Reintroduced Bighorn Sheep:
Implications for Translocation
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE bighorn sheep; ecotype; North Dakota; Ovis canadensis; recruitment;
reintroduction; translocation; wild sheep
ID MOUNTAIN SHEEP; HABITAT USE; POPULATIONS; CONSERVATION; PREDATION;
MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; CARIBOU; BISON; DEER
AB European settlement led to extirpation of native Audubon's bighorn sheep (formerly Ovis canadensis auduboni) from North Dakota during the early 20th century. The North Dakota Game and Fish Department subsequently introduced California bighorn sheep (formerly O. c. californiana) that were indigenous to the Williams Lake region of British Columbia, Canada, and Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (O. c. canadensis) that were indigenous to the Sun River region of Montana. Although California bighorn sheep are no longer recognized as a distinct subspecies, they are smaller and adapted to a milder climate than either the native bighorn sheep of North Dakota or introduced bighorn sheep from Montana. Because reintroductions still play a key role in the management of bighorn sheep and because local adaptation may have substantial demographic consequences, we evaluated causes of variation in recruitment of bighorn sheep reintroduced in North Dakota. During 2006-2011, Montana stock recruited 0.54 juveniles/adult female (n = 113), whereas British Columbia stock recruited 0.24 juveniles/adult female (n = 562). Our most plausible mixed-effects logistic regressionmodel (53% ofmodel weight) attributed variation in recruitment to differences between source populations (odds ratio = 4.5; 90% CI = 1.5, 15.3). Greater recruitment of Montana stock (fitted mean = 0.56 juveniles/adult female; 90% CI = 0.41, 0.70) contributed to a net gain in abundance (r = 0.15), whereas abundance of British Columbia stock declined (fitted mean = 0.24 juveniles/adult female; 90% CI = 0.09, 0.41; r = -0.04). Translocations have been the primary tool used to augment and restore populations of wild sheep but often have failed to achieve objectives. Our results show that ecotypic differences among source stocks may have long-term implications for recruitment and demographic performance of reintroduced populations. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Wiedmann, Brett P.] North Dakota Game & Fish Dept, Dickinson, ND 58601 USA.
[Sargeant, Glen A.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
RP Wiedmann, BP (reprint author), North Dakota Game & Fish Dept, 225 30th Ave SW, Dickinson, ND 58601 USA.
EM bwiedmann@nd.gov
FU North Dakota Game and Fish Department; Wild Sheep Foundation-Midwest
Chapter; U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research
Center; Bureau of Land Management-North Dakota Field Office
FX We thank the North Dakota Game and Fish Department, Wild Sheep
Foundation-Midwest Chapter, the U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie
Wildlife Research Center, and the Bureau of Land Management-North Dakota
Field Office for funding this project. We thank the British Columbia
Ministry of Environment, Idaho Fish and Game Department, Montana
Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, and Oregon Department of Fish
and Wildlife for their generosity in supplying translocation stock to
North Dakota. We thank W. Jensen for computing winter severity indices;
B. Hosek, R. Johnson, J. Kolar, S. Richardson, B. Stillings, and W.
Tidball for their technical assistance; and pilots B. Berentson, J.
Faught, J. Rubbert, and M. Shelton for assisting with capture operations
and radio-tracking. We are grateful to V. Bleich, M. Festa-Bianchet, K.
Hurley, M. Sullivan, and 1 anonymous reviewer for providing comments
that improved early drafts of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm,
or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 86
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 3
BP 394
EP 401
DI 10.1002/jwmg.669
PG 8
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MI
UT WOS:000336027400003
ER
PT J
AU Sanders, TA
Dooley, JL
AF Sanders, Todd A.
Dooley, Joshua L.
TI Demographics of Canada Geese Introduced in Western Colorado
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE band; band recovery; Branta canadensis moffitti; Canada goose; Hi-line
population; introduced; Rocky Mountain population; survival; transplant;
western Canada goose; western Colorado
ID GREATER SNOW GEESE; BAND REPORTING RATES; NORTH-AMERICAN GEESE;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SURVIVAL RATES; PROBABILITIES
AB Breeding populations of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) were established throughout western Colorado during 1955-1988 using geese transplanted from other areas. Subsequently, there has been no assessment of demographics and winter distributions on these local populations. Managers need this information to effectively manage breeding populations of Canada geese to provide publics with recreational opportunities and to reduce human-goose conflicts in western Colorado, particularly for segments of internationally recognized populations with cooperative management plans. We conducted a band recovery study during 2000-2006 to assess demographics and winter distributions of Canada geese breeding in 7 subareas of western Colorado. Cooperators banded 19,189 geese during June and early July. We recaptured 5,185 of these geese 1-4 times during banding operations in subsequent years and most (97%) were recaptured in the subarea of banding the year after banding. We obtained 2,921 useable band recoveries through May 2007, and most (98%) recoveries were a result of either being shot or found dead during hunting season. Direct band recoveries (<1 year after banding) were recovered almost exclusively in Colorado (87%) and New Mexico (12%), and indirect band recoveries (>= 1 year after banding) showed similar distribution (73% in Colorado and 16% in New Mexico). Geese in subareas of western Colorado had different recovery distributions, and contributed to 4 wintering concentrations of Canada geese in western and central Colorado and New Mexico. Annual survival probability for adult geese was 0.864 +/- 0.012. The survival probability for juvenile geese was 0.503 +/- 0.026, but we did find evidence that this estimate may be biased low. We used the band reporting probability of 0.525 +/- 0.071 to derive harvest rates from band recovery rates. Harvest rate was 0.128 +/- 0.018 for adult geese and 0.169 +/- 0.024 for juvenile geese. Survival probability was lesser and harvest rate greater for the 3 western subareas (Western Plateau) compared to the 4 eastern subareas (Rocky Mountains). Our results suggest that Canada geese that breed and molt in western Colorado have high survival probability and are largely non-migratory with some movement in winter from high to low elevation areas primarily in Colorado. To effectively manage the growing resident goose population in western Colorado, managers may need to increase harvest rates for these geese. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Sanders, Todd A.; Dooley, Joshua L.] Colorado Div Pk & Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Sanders, TA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, 911 NE 11th Ave, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
EM todd_sanders@fws.gov
FU Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife
FX Funding was provided by the Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife. We
are indebted to the many CDPW personnel and volunteers who helped trap
and band geese, and particularly for their positive goal-focused
attitude while working across the challenging terrain and environments
of western Colorado on a project that became known as "extreme goose
banding." Technicians A. Bauer, R. Wertsbaugh, N. Lynch, S. Inzalaco, M.
Gosz, and T. Weisgerber assisted in data collection and coordination. We
thank G. C. White for advice on data analysis. We received helpful
reviews from J. H. Gammonley.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 3
BP 413
EP 428
DI 10.1002/jwmg.689
PG 16
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MI
UT WOS:000336027400005
ER
PT J
AU Norvell, RE
Edwards, TC
Howe, FP
AF Norvell, Russell E.
Edwards, Thomas C., Jr.
Howe, Frank P.
TI Habitat Management for Surrogate Species has Mixed Effects on Non-Target
Species in the Sagebrush Steppe
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE extirpation; generalized linear mixed models; greater sage-grouse;
landscape; restoration; sagebrush-steppe birds; surrogate
ID VEGETATION DYNAMICS; PASSERINE BIRDS; COUNT DATA; CONSERVATION;
RESTORATION; SHRUBSTEPPE; ECOSYSTEMS; BASIN; USA; FRAGMENTATION
AB Management by surrogate species assumes that management prescriptions for the surrogate (target) species have no net negative impacts on non-target species with similar life history characteristics. We examined the effects of mechanical manipulations of sagebrush-steppe designed to reduce cover and improve greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) (here, the target surrogate species) habitat quality on 9 non-target, sagebrush-associated bird species for up to 4 years after the treatment manipulations. Two specific presumptions of management by surrogacy were evaluated: 1) no loss (here, local extirpation) of any non-target species is expected in the management area given similar life history characteristics of the target and non-target species; and 2) change in non-target populations characteristics (here, abundance) should mirror those expected for the target species, which typically implies at best an increase or at worst a neutral response to the management treatment. We grouped the 9 non-target species for analysis into 3 categories based on strength of their respective habitat associations with sagebrush (sagebrush-steppe obligate, sagebrush-associated, and steppe associated). The first category was composed of species that met surrogacy criteria for greater sage-grouse, the second were intermediate, and the third did not meet the criteria. We surveyed for birds in treated and reference areas for presence-absence and estimated abundances using distance sampling. We estimated treatment effects using a conditional generalized linear mixed modeling approach; the first model examined local extirpation likelihoods and the second modeled change in abundance conditioned on the species being present post-treatment. Sagebrush treatments had no effect on probabilities of local extirpation 1-4 years post-treatment (P = 0.99). Models fit to abundance data indicated a small but significant (P = 0.031) reduction in overall abundance in treated areas. Abundance responses for species within groupings (e. g., sagebrush-steppe obligate) lacked consistency, indicating benefits to nontarget species are best evaluated at the species rather than group level. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Norvell, Russell E.; Edwards, Thomas C., Jr.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Norvell, Russell E.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Edwards, Thomas C., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Howe, Frank P.] Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Norvell, RE (reprint author), Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Native Terr Species Program, 1594 W North Temple, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA.
EM russellnorvell@utah.gov
FU Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; Natural Resources Conservation
Service; Bureau of Land Management; Intermountain-West Joint Venture;
Utah Endangered Species Mitigation Fund; United States Fish and Wildlife
Service State Wildlife Grant program
FX We would like to thank R. Danvir, S. Durham, K. Beard, R. Cutler, M.
Ernest, R. Ryel, and A. Cachelin for manuscript review and comments. Our
work was made possible by the cooperation of the Rich County Coordinated
Resource Management group and Deseret Land and Livestock, and the hard
work of our field crews. This work was supported by grants from the Utah
Division of Wildlife Resources, the Natural Resources Conservation
Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the Intermountain-West Joint
Venture, the Utah Endangered Species Mitigation Fund, and the United
States Fish and Wildlife Service State Wildlife Grant program. Mention
of commercial products does not constitute endorsement by the United
States Geological Survey or the federal government.
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 3
BP 456
EP 462
DI 10.1002/jwmg.680
PG 7
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MI
UT WOS:000336027400009
ER
PT J
AU Rivera-Milan, FF
Boomer, GS
Martinez, AJ
AF Rivera-Milan, Frank F.
Boomer, G. Scott
Martinez, Alexis J.
TI Monitoring and Modeling of Population Dynamics for the Harvest
Management of Scaly-Naped Pigeons in Puerto Rico
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian state-space model; harvest strategy; monitoring; Patagioenas
squamosa; point-transect distance sampling; population dynamics; Puerto
Rico; scaly-naped pigeon
ID TRANSECT SURVEYS; HURRICANE HUGO; PLAIN PIGEONS; LAND-USE; DENSITY;
FOREST; ABUNDANCE; COLUMBIDS; SONGBIRDS; VIEQUES
AB The scaly-naped pigeon (Patagioenas squamosa) is threatened by hunting in the Caribbean. At present, the pigeon is abundant in Puerto Rico, but overharvesting is a major concern; therefore, the development of a sustainable harvest strategy is a management priority. The management objective of the harvest strategy is to maximize hunting opportunity while keeping the population above an abundance threshold (NT) of 260,000 pigeons. To facilitate operational development and implementation of the harvest strategy, we conducted point-transect distance sampling to estimate population size, and mail and telephone hunter surveys to estimate total harvest. We used monitoring data and a Bayesian state-space model to estimate population and harvest management parameters, and predicted changes in population size as a function of expected total harvest. Population size averaged 262,899 pigeons (SE = 122,087) in April-June 1986-2012, and total harvest averaged 40,760 pigeons (SD = 43,405) in September-November 1986-2011. Intrinsic rate of growth was 0.442 (SD = 0.142), carrying capacity was 524,900 pigeons (SD = 119,200), maximum sustainable harvest rate was 0.221 (SD = 0.071) with a total harvest of 57,988 pigeons (SD = 14,640), and equilibrium population size was 262,500 pigeons (SD = 59,620). Because the population recently recovered from deforestation and has been affected by hurricanes, a conservative harvest level was prescribed at 50,311 pigeons (SD = 24,939). However, harvest in 2008-2011 was 2.1 times larger than the maximum sustainable yield. Assuming 122,905 pigeons were harvested per year in 2012 and 2013, we predicted a population size of 216,000 pigeons (SD = 90,770) in 2014, suggesting that restrictive regulations may need to be prescribed to meet the management objective. Our monitoring and modeling framework is an important first step in the development and implementation of a sustainable harvest strategy for the scaly-naped pigeon, and the approach can be applied to the management of other columbids in Puerto Rico. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Rivera-Milan, Frank F.; Boomer, G. Scott] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Martinez, Alexis J.] Dept Nat & Environm Resources, Div Terr Resources, Sect El Cinco, Rio Piedras, PR 00936 USA.
RP Rivera-Milan, FF (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, 11510 Amer Holly Dr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM frank_rivera@fws.gov
FU USFWS, Division of International Conservation and Division of Migratory
Bird Management; PRDNER, Division of Terrestrial Resources, through
Commonwealth and Federal Aid funds (FWS, Region 4); University of
Maryland, Division of Agriculture and Life Sciences
FX During 1986-2013, we received support from the USFWS, Division of
International Conservation and Division of Migratory Bird Management;
PRDNER, Division of Terrestrial Resources, through Commonwealth and
Federal Aid funds (FWS, Region 4), and the University of Maryland,
Division of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Assistance with fieldwork was
provided by wildlife biologists from projects W-11, W-16, and W-21,
including D. Colon, M. Delgado, D. Guzman, H. Lopez, A. Matos, and R.
Ramos. Thanks to P. Padding, C. Rivera-Morales, M. Seamans, and 2
anonymous reviewers for providing valuable comments and suggestions to
improve the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article are
those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views,
determinations, or policies of the USFWS and PRDNER. The use of trade,
firm, or product names does not imply endorsement by these agencies.
NR 50
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 3
BP 513
EP 521
DI 10.1002/jwmg.672
PG 9
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MI
UT WOS:000336027400015
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, FA
Hagan, G
Palmer, WE
Kemmerer, M
AF Johnson, Fred A.
Hagan, Greg
Palmer, William E.
Kemmerer, Michael
TI Uncertainty, Robustness, and the Value of Information in Managing a
Population of Northern Bobwhites
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive management; decision science; management; northern bobwhite;
robustness; uncertainty; value of information
ID MULTICRITERIA DECISION-ANALYSIS; ADAPTIVE-MANAGEMENT
AB The abundance of northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) has decreased throughout their range. Managers often respond by considering improvements in harvest and habitat management practices, but this can be challenging if substantial uncertainty exists concerning the cause(s) of the decline. We were interested in how application of decision science could be used to help managers on a large, public management area in southwestern Florida where the bobwhite is a featured species and where abundance has severely declined. We conducted a workshop with managers and scientists to elicit management objectives, alternative hypotheses concerning population limitation in bobwhites, potential management actions, and predicted management outcomes. Using standard and robust approaches to decision making, we determined that improved water management and perhaps some changes in hunting practices would be expected to produce the best management outcomes in the face of uncertainty about what is limiting bobwhite abundance. We used a criterion called the expected value of perfect information to determine that a robust management strategy may perform nearly as well as an optimal management strategy (i.e., a strategy that is expected to perform best, given the relative importance of different management objectives) with all uncertainty resolved. We used the expected value of partial information to determine that management performance could be increased most by eliminating uncertainty over excessive-harvest and human-disturbance hypotheses. Beyond learning about the factors limiting bobwhites, adoption of a dynamic management strategy, which recognizes temporal changes in resource and environmental conditions, might produce the greatest management benefit. Our research demonstrates that robust approaches to decision making, combined with estimates of the value of information, can offer considerable insight into preferred management approaches when great uncertainty exists about system dynamics and the effects of management. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Johnson, Fred A.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Hagan, Greg] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA.
[Palmer, William E.] Tall Timbers Res Stn & Land Conservancy, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA.
[Kemmerer, Michael] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Punta Gorda, FL 33955 USA.
RP Johnson, FA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM fjohnson@usgs.gov
FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission; U.S. Geological
Survey
FX We thank the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission and the
U.S. Geological Survey for providing funding for this research. We also
thank C. Allison, J. Birchfield, M. Brooks, J. Camps, D. Johnson, J.
Martin, C. Pope, and S. Sofferon for participating in the workshop. V.
Rolland assisted with population modeling. S. Converse, C. Moore, and T.
O'Meara provided helpful suggestions on earlier drafts. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names in this article is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 3
BP 531
EP 539
DI 10.1002/jwmg.682
PG 9
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MI
UT WOS:000336027400017
ER
PT J
AU Sexson, MG
Mulcahy, DM
Spriggs, M
Myers, GE
AF Sexson, Matthew G.
Mulcahy, Daniel M.
Spriggs, Maria
Myers, Gwen E.
TI Factors Influencing Immediate Post-Release Survival of Spectacled Eiders
Following Surgical Implantation of Transmitters With Percutaneous
Antennae
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE acidemia; hematocrit; immediate post-release survival; pH; portable
blood analyzer; satellite telemetry; Somateria fischeri; spectacled
eider
ID HELD CLINICAL ANALYZER; FEMALE COMMON EIDERS; SATELLITE TRANSMITTERS;
KING EIDERS; RADIO TRANSMITTERS; BLOOD-CHEMISTRY; SITE FIDELITY; CANADA
GEESE; LIMOSA-LAPPONICA; HARLEQUIN DUCKS
AB Surgically implanted transmitters are a common method for tracking animal movements. Immediately following surgical implantation, animals pass through a critical recovery phase when behaviors may deviate from normal and the likelihood of individual survival may be reduced. Therefore, data collected during this period may be censored to minimize bias introduced by surgery-related behaviors or mortality. However, immediate post-release mortalities negate a sampling effort and reduce the amount of data potentially collected after the censoring period. Wildlife biologists should employ methods to support an animal's survival through this period, but factors contributing to immediate post-release survival have not been formally assessed. We evaluated factors that potentially influenced the immediate post-release survival of 56 spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) marked with coelomically implanted satellite transmitters with percutaneous antennae in northern Alaska in 2010 and 2011. We modeled survival through the first 14 days following release and assessed the relative importance and effect of 15 covariates hypothesized to influence survival during this immediate post-release period. Estimated daily survival rate increased over the duration of the immediate post-release period; the probability of mortality was greatest within the first 5 days following release. Our top-ranking model included the effect of 2 blood analytes, pH and hematocrit, measured prior to surgical implantation of a transmitter. We found a positive response to pH; eiders exhibiting acidemia (low pH) prior to surgery were less likely to survive the immediate post-release period. We found a curvilinear response to hematocrit; eiders exhibiting extremely low or high pre-surgery hematocrit were also less likely to survive the immediate post-release period. In the interest of maximizing the survival of marked birds following release, hematological data obtained prior to surgical implantation of telemetry equipment may be useful when screening for optimal surgical candidates or informing appropriate response to mitigate potentially deleterious disorders such as acidemia. Published 2014. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Sexson, Matthew G.; Mulcahy, Daniel M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Spriggs, Maria] Mesker Pk Zoo & Bot Garden, Evansville, IN 47720 USA.
RP Sexson, MG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM msexson@usgs.gov
FU Bureau of Ocean Energy Management; Bureau of Land Management; National
Fish and Wildlife Foundation; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; North
Pacific Research Board
FX We thank D. Nigro (Bureau of Land Management) for logistical support and
assistance in the field. We thank K. Weber, C. Gesmundo, S. Dunn, and K.
McNulty for assistance in the field. We thank K. Wolf (Point Defiance
Zoo & Aquarium), and Cheryl Scott and Barbara VanGilder (University of
California Davis) for their veterinary services. We thank M. R. Petersen
(USGS Alaska Science Center) and A. N. Powell (USGS Alaska Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit) for supporting completion of this
manuscript. Funding was provided by the Bureau of Ocean Energy
Management, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Fish and
Wildlife Foundation, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the North
Pacific Research Board. Logistical support was provided by
ConocoPhillips-Alaska, Inc. In-kind support was provided by the Columbus
Zoo and Aquarium, the Mesker Park Zoo & Botanic Garden, and the Point
Defiance Zoo & Aquarium. The manuscript benefited from comments provided
by M. R. Petersen, J. Pearce, and 2 anonymous reviewers. Any mention of
trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute
endorsement by the federal government.
NR 87
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 3
BP 550
EP 560
DI 10.1002/jwmg.690
PG 11
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AH3MI
UT WOS:000336027400019
ER
PT J
AU Kurylyk, BL
MacQuarrie, KTB
Voss, CI
AF Kurylyk, Barret L.
MacQuarrie, Kerry T. B.
Voss, Clifford I.
TI Climate change impacts on the temperature and magnitude of groundwater
discharge from shallow, unconfined aquifers
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE river temperature; aquifer thermal regimes; thermal sensitivity;
groundwater dependent ecosystems; fish habitat; thermal refugia
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; STREAM TEMPERATURE; AIR-TEMPERATURE; WATER
TEMPERATURE; NORTHEASTERN OREGON; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; THERMAL REFUGIA;
NEW-BRUNSWICK; FISH HABITAT; RIVER
AB Cold groundwater discharge to streams and rivers can provide critical thermal refuge for threatened salmonids and other aquatic species during warm summer periods. Climate change may influence groundwater temperature and flow rates, which may in turn impact riverine ecosystems. This study evaluates the potential impact of climate change on the timing, magnitude, and temperature of groundwater discharge from small, unconfined aquifers that undergo seasonal freezing and thawing. Seven downscaled climate scenarios for 2046-2065 were utilized to drive surficial water and energy balance models (HELP3 and ForHyM2) to obtain future projections for daily ground surface temperature and groundwater recharge. These future surface conditions were then applied as boundary conditions to drive subsurface simulations of variably saturated groundwater flow and energy transport. The subsurface simulations were performed with the U.S. Geological Survey finite element model SUTRA that was recently modified to include the dynamic freeze-thaw process. The SUTRA simulations indicate a potential rise in the magnitude (up to 34%) and temperature (up to 3.6 degrees C) of groundwater discharge to the adjacent river during the summer months due to projected increases in air temperature and precipitation. The thermal response of groundwater to climate change is shown to be strongly dependent on the aquifer dimensions. Thus, the simulations demonstrate that the thermal sensitivity of aquifers and baseflow-dominated streams to decadal climate change may be more complex than previously thought. Furthermore, the results indicate that the probability of exceeding critical temperature thresholds within groundwater-sourced thermal refugia may significantly increase under the most extreme climate scenarios.
C1 [Kurylyk, Barret L.; MacQuarrie, Kerry T. B.] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Civil Engn, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada.
[Kurylyk, Barret L.; MacQuarrie, Kerry T. B.] Univ New Brunswick, Canadian Rivers Inst, Fredericton, NB, Canada.
[Voss, Clifford I.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Kurylyk, BL (reprint author), Univ New Brunswick, Dept Civil Engn, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada.
EM barret.kurylyk@unb.ca
FU Canada Research Chairs Program; NSERC Collaborative Research and
Development Grant; NSERC; O'Brien Fellowship
FX We appreciate the constructive comments offered by the Associate Editor
and two anonymous reviewers. J. McKenzie of McGill University also
provided helpful comments on this paper. The climate data and
information provided by D. Huard (Ouranos) and D. I. Jeong, A. Daigle
and A. St-Hilaire (Universite du Quebec Institut National de la
Recherche Scientifique) are gratefully acknowledged. A. Provost of the
U.S. Geological Survey and J. McKenzie of McGill University provided
valuable advice and assistance with SUTRA. T. Linnansaari (Canadian
Rivers Institute) contributed information regarding fish aggregations
within the Little Southwest Miramichi River. This research has been
funded by the Canada Research Chairs Program and an NSERC Collaborative
Research and Development Grant. B. L. Kurylyk was also funded by NSERC
postgraduate scholarships (Julie Payette PGS and CGSD3) and an O'Brien
Fellowship. This paper is contribution 125 of the Catamaran Brook
Habitat Research Project.
NR 95
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 5
U2 56
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 4
BP 3253
EP 3274
DI 10.1002/2013WR014588
PG 22
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AH3LV
UT WOS:000336026000029
ER
PT J
AU Haynes, TB
Schmutz, JA
Lindberg, MS
Rosenberger, AE
AF Haynes, Trevor B.
Schmutz, Joel A.
Lindberg, Mark S.
Rosenberger, Amanda E.
TI Risk of Predation and Weather Events Affect Nest Site Selection by
Sympatric Pacific (Gavia pacifica) and Yellow-billed (Gavia adamsii)
Loons in Arctic Habitats
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; breeding; Gavia adamsii; Gavia pacifica; nest microhabitat;
North Slope; Pacific Loon; Yellow-billed Loon
ID RED-THROATED LOONS; COASTAL-PLAIN; ALASKA; LAKES; AVAILABILITY;
PREFERENCES; MANAGEMENT; OCCUPANCY; ECOLOGY; BIRDS
AB Pacific (Gavia pacifica) and Yellow-billed (G. adamsii) loons nest sympatrically in Arctic regions. These related species likely face similar constraints and requirements for nesting success; therefore, use of similar habitats and direct competition for nesting habitat is likely. Both of these loon species must select a breeding lake that provides suitable habitat for nesting and raising chicks; however, characteristics of nest site selection by either species on interior Arctic lakes remains poorly understood. Here, logistic regression was used to compare structural and habitat characteristics of all loon nest locations with random points from lakes on the interior Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska. Results suggest that both loon species select nest sites to avoid predation and exposure to waves and shifting ice. Loon nest sites were more likely to be on islands and peninsulas (odds ratio = 16.13, 95% CI = 4.64-56.16) than mainland shoreline, which may help loons avoid terrestrial predators. Further, nest sites had a higher degree of visibility (mean degrees of visibility to 100 and 200 m) of approaching predators than random points (odds ratio = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.22-5.39). Nests were sheltered from exposure, having lower odds of being exposed to prevailing winds (odds ratio = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.13-0.92) and lower odds of having high fetch values (odds ratio = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.22-0.96). Differences between Pacific and Yellow-billed loon nesting sites were subtle, suggesting that both species have similar general nest site requirements. However, Yellow-billed Loons nested at slightly higher elevations and were more likely to nest on peninsulas than Pacific Loons. Pacific Loons constructed built up nests from mud and vegetation, potentially in response to limited access to suitable shoreline due to other territorial loons. Results suggest that land managers wishing to protect habitats for these species should focus on lakes with islands as well as shorelines sheltered from exposure to prevailing wind and ice patterns.
C1 [Haynes, Trevor B.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fish & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Schmutz, Joel A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Lindberg, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Rosenberger, Amanda E.] Univ Missouri, US Geol Survey, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP Haynes, TB (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fish & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM t.haynes@alaska.edu
FU State Wildlife Grant awarded through the Alaska Department of Fish and
Game; National Science and Engineering Research Council postgraduate
scholarship
FX The authors would like to thank contributors including Mary Rabe, Kim
Titus and the Wildlife Diversity Program at the Alaska Department of
Fish and Game, and the Fisheries Division at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service - Fairbanks. Data collection would not have been possible
without the indispensable help of all the field assistants and pilots
that aided in the fieldwork. John Pearce and two anonymous reviewers
provided helpful feedback on earlier drafts of this manuscript. This
project was funded by a State Wildlife Grant awarded through the Alaska
Department of Fish and Game. TBH was funded by a National Science and
Engineering Research Council postgraduate scholarship. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 44
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 19
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
EI 1938-5390
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 37
SI 1
BP 16
EP 25
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AG7QS
UT WOS:000335613500004
ER
PT J
AU Schmutz, JA
Wright, KG
DeSorbo, CR
Fair, J
Evers, DC
Uher-Koch, BD
Mulcahy, DM
AF Schmutz, Joel A.
Wright, Kenneth G.
DeSorbo, Christopher R.
Fair, Jeff
Evers, David C.
Uher-Koch, Brian D.
Mulcahy, Daniel M.
TI Size and Retention of Breeding Territories of Yellow-billed Loons (Gavia
adamsii) in Alaska and Canada
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE arrival date; Common Loon; Gavia adamsii; Gavia immer; habitat
limitation; Yellow-billed Loon
ID COMMON LOONS; NORTHERN ALASKA; BEHAVIOR; SURVIVAL; HABITAT; BIRDS;
METAANALYSIS; OCCUPANCY; ECOLOGY; DENSITY
AB Yellow-billed Loons (Gavia adamsii) breed in lakes in the treeless Arctic and are globally rare. Like their sister taxa, the well-documented Common Loon (G. immer) of the boreal forest, Yellow-billed Loons exhibit strong territorial behavior during the breeding season. Little is known about what size territories are required, however, or how readily territories are retained from year to year. An understanding of territory dynamics and size is needed by management agencies as most of the U.S. breeding population of Yellow-billed Loons resides in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska where oil and gas development is expected to increase in the next few decades. Using locational data from a set of Yellow-billed Loons marked with satellite transmitters, we quantified an index of territory radius for each of three breeding populations: two in Alaska and one in Canada. The mean territory radius was 0.42 km for Yellow-billed Loons summering on lakes within the Seward Peninsula in northwest Alaska, 0.69 km for Yellow-billed Loons within the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska (encompasses the National Petroleum Reserve), and 0.96 km for Yellow-billed Loons within Daring Lake in mainland Canada. In this study, the mean territory radius on the Arctic Coastal Plain was about half the distance identified in stipulations for industrial development in the National Petroleum Reserve. The range in territory size among areas corresponded to a gradient in size of lakes used by Yellow-billed Loons with territories at the two Alaska sites on lakes averaging < 200 ha while territories in Canada were generally on much larger lakes. In the year after capture, 71% of Yellow-billed Loons retained territories that were held the previous year. Most Yellow-billed Loons that lost their territories wandered over a large area within 6 km of their prior territory. No Yellow-billed Loons occupied new territories, though one reacquired its prior territory after a 1-year hiatus. Retention of a territory in a subsequent year was positively related to early arrival dates at the breeding site. For Yellow-billed Loons on the Arctic Coastal Plain, this relationship was quite strong with a week lag in arrival decreasing the probability of retaining a territory by 80%. These collective observations, in combination with theoretical studies of population regulation by floaters (non-territorial birds), suggest that lake habitat suitable for breeding Yellow-billed Loons may currently limit population size in this species.
C1 [Schmutz, Joel A.; Wright, Kenneth G.; Uher-Koch, Brian D.; Mulcahy, Daniel M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Wright, Kenneth G.; DeSorbo, Christopher R.; Evers, David C.] Biodivers Res Inst, Gorham, ME 04038 USA.
[Fair, Jeff] Fairwinds Wildlife Serv, Palmer, AK 99645 USA.
RP Schmutz, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM jschmutz@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Bureau of Land Management; National Park Service; U.S. Bureau of
Ocean Energy Management; Science Support Program of the U.S. Geological
Survey; Wildlife Program of the U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystem Mission
Area
FX For capture and banding of loons, we obtained a USGS Bird Banding Permit
and State and Federal migratory bird permits to apply transmitters.
Additionally, all capture, banding and surgical procedures were approved
by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the U.S. Geological Survey,
Alaska Science Center. Surveys and captures of loons would not have been
possible without the dedication of numerous colleagues: T. Arensberg, E.
Becker, C. Eldermire, T. Fondell, R. Gray, P. Lemons, T. Lemons, S.
McCloskey, J. Morse, D. Nigro, D. Rizzolo, D. Ruthrauff, M. Sorum, S.
Stortz, A. Taylor, and S. Wright. S. McCloskey provided GIS and
logistical support. Veterinarians D. Heard, S. Larsen, and D. Mulcahy
expertly performed surgeries. We thank them for their patience, care and
tolerance of often challenging field conditions. Many thanks to the
pilots who were vital to the execution of this project: M. Cambpell, B.
Estensen, W. Lamed, E. Mallek, B. Maxson, S. Reitsma, T. Shoemaker, and
J. Webster. We thank C. Venables, S. Matthews, and J. Obst for hosting
us at the Tundra Ecosystem Research Station at Daring Lake. We are
grateful to D. Nigro (U.S. Bureau of Land Management) and Brad Shults
(U.S. National Park Service) for providing in-kind funding, aircraft and
other logistical support. Funding for this project was provided by the
U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and the Science Support Program
of the U.S. Geological Survey. This work is part of the U.S. Geological
Survey's Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative and is supported by
funding from the Wildlife Program of the U.S. Geological Survey
Ecosystem Mission Area. Mention of Collecte Localisation Satellites
(Ramonville Saint-Agne, France) does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 51
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 12
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
EI 1938-5390
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 37
SI 1
BP 53
EP 63
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AG7QS
UT WOS:000335613500008
ER
PT J
AU Schmutz, JA
AF Schmutz, Joel A.
TI Survival of Adult Red-throated Loons (Gavia stellate) May be Linked to
Marine Conditions
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE bycatch; Gavia stellata; mortality; Pacific Decadal Oscillation;
Red-throated Loon; satellite telemetry
ID POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BIRDS; CLIMATE; LONG; REPRODUCTION; PACIFIC;
COMMON; RATES; RADIOTRANSMITTERS; PREDICTIONS
AB Large variations in the summering population size of Red-throated Loons (Gavia stellata) have occurred in recent decades in Alaska. Little information exists about annual or seasonal survival rates of adult Redthroated Loons. This study used tracking data from satellite transmitters implanted into 33 Red-throated Loons captured on breeding areas in Alaska to estimate annual survival with the sampling effort split between two study periods: 2000-2002 and 2008-2010. Mortality was inferred from transmitted sensor data that indicated body temperature of the Red-throated Loon and voltage of the transmitter's battery. Two definitive mortalities occurred, resulting in an annual survival estimate of 0.920 (SE = 0.054). The fates of two additional Red-throated Loons were ambiguous and, when treated as mortalities, the annual survival estimate was 0.838 (SE = 0.074). All four putative mortalities occurred during the non-breeding season in the early study period. Oceanic conditions, indexed by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, appeared to differ between the study periods with higher Pacific Decadal Oscillation values associated with the early study period. Given that high values for Pacific Decadal Oscillation were also associated with the large decline of Red-throated Loons observed in Alaska during 1977-1993, this study suggests that survival of adult Red-throated Loons may vary in relation to the state of the marine ecosystem and thus contribute to long-term variation in population trends.
C1 US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Schmutz, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM jschmutz@usgs.gov
FU Bureau of Ocean Energy Management; U.S. Geological Survey; Royal
Caribbean Cruiseline LLC (via the National Fish and Wildlife
Foundation); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Migratory Bird
Management
FX Funding for this work was provided by the Bureau of Ocean Energy
Management, the U.S. Geological Survey (Species at Risk, Park Oriented
Biological Support, and Outer Continental Shelf programs), the Royal
Caribbean Cruiseline LLC (via the National Fish and Wildlife
Foundation), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of
Migratory Bird Management. D. Alcorn, C. Coon, D. Derksen, J. Gleason,
C. Monnett, B. Shults, and T. Swem facilitated collaborations and
funding. Many people helped capture loons, including T. Arensberg, R.
Askren, J. Ball, S. Earnst, T. Fondell, A. Gorrill, J. Kiesau, B. Lake,
D. Miller, M. Sexson, B. Uher-Koch, E. Wald, and M. Weiss. Most
surgeries to implant transmitters were performed by D. M. Mulcahy. D. C.
Douglas facilitated acquisition of Argos data and provided sage advice.
Use of trade names (e.g., Argos) does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. We obtained a Federal migratory bird permit to apply leg
bands to Red-throated Loons and a State of Alaska permit to conduct
invasive procedures on Red-throated Loons. Additionally, our banding and
surgical procedures were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee
of the U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
NR 50
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 10
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
EI 1938-5390
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 37
SI 1
BP 118
EP 124
PG 7
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AG7QS
UT WOS:000335613500014
ER
PT J
AU Evers, DC
Schmutz, JA
Basu, N
DeSorbo, CR
Fair, J
Gray, CE
Paruk, JD
Perkins, M
Regan, K
Uher-Koch, BD
Wright, KG
AF Evers, David C.
Schmutz, Joel A.
Basu, Niladri
DeSorbo, Christopher R.
Fair, Jeff
Gray, Carrie E.
Paruk, James D.
Perkins, Marie
Regan, Kevin
Uher-Koch, Brian D.
Wright, Kenneth G.
TI Historic and Contemporary Mercury Exposure and Potential Risk to
Yellow-billed Loons (Gavia adamsii) Breeding in Alaska and Canada
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Asia; Common Loon; Gavia adamsii; Gavia immer; Mercury;
Yellow-billed Loon
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; CHAR SALVELINUS-ALPINUS; GREAT-LAKES REGION;
COMMON LOONS; METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; MARINE
ECOSYSTEMS; NORTH-AMERICA; ARCTIC LAKES; FISH
AB The Yellow-billed Loon (Gavia adamsii) is one of the rarest breeding birds in North America. Because of the small population size and patchy distribution, any stressor to its population is of concern. To determine risks posed by environmental mercury (Hg) loads, we captured 115 Yellow-billed Loons between 2002 and 2012 in the North American Arctic and sampled their blood and/or feather tissues and collected nine eggs. Museum samples from Yellow-billed Loons also were analyzed to examine potential changes in Hg exposure over time. An extensive database of published Hg concentrations and associated adverse effects in Common Loons (G. immer) is highly informative and representative for Yellow-billed Loons. Blood Hg concentrations reflect dietary uptake of methylmercury (MeHg) from breeding areas and are generally considered near background levels if less than 1.0 mu g/g wet weight (ww). Feather (grown at wintering sites) and egg Hg concentrations can represent a mix of breeding and wintering dietary uptake of MeHg. Based on Common Loon studies, significant risk of reduced reproductive success generally occurs when adult Hg concentrations exceed 2.0 mu g/g ww in blood, 20.0 mu g/g fresh weight (fw) in flight feathers and 1.0 mu g/g ww in eggs. Contemporary mercury concentrations for 176 total samples (across all study sites for 115 Yellow-billed Loons) ranged from 0.08 to 1.45 mu g/g ww in blood, 3.0 to 24.9 mu g/g fw in feathers and 0.21 to 1.23 mu g/g ww in eggs. Mercury concentrations in blood, feather and egg tissues indicate that some individual Yellow-billed Loons in breeding populations across North America are at risk of lowered productivity resulting from Hg exposure. Most Yellow-billed Loons breeding in Alaska overwinter in marine waters of eastern Asia. Although blood Hg concentrations from most breeding loons in Alaska are within background levels, some individuals exhibit elevated feather and egg Hg concentrations, which likely indicate the uptake of MeHg originating from eastern Asia. Feather Hg concentrations tended to be highest in individuals overwintering farthest west (closer to Asia). A retrospective analysis of museum specimens (n=25) found a two-fold increase in Yellow-billed Loon feather Hg concentrations from the pre-1920s (as early as 1845) to the present. The projected increase in Hg deposition (approximately four-fold by 2050) along with the uncertainty of Hg being released through the thawing of permafrost and Arctic sea ice suggest that Hg body burdens in Yellow-billed Loons may increase. These findings indicate that Hg is a current and potentially increasing environmental stressor for the Yellow-billed Loon and possibly other Nearctic-Palearctic migrant birds.
C1 [Evers, David C.; DeSorbo, Christopher R.; Gray, Carrie E.; Paruk, James D.; Regan, Kevin; Wright, Kenneth G.] Biodivers Res Inst, Gorham, ME 04038 USA.
[Schmutz, Joel A.; Uher-Koch, Brian D.; Wright, Kenneth G.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Basu, Niladri; Perkins, Marie] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Fair, Jeff] Fairwinds Wildlife Serv, Palmer, AK 99645 USA.
RP Evers, DC (reprint author), Biodivers Res Inst, 19 Flaggy Meadow Rd, Gorham, ME 04038 USA.
EM david.evers@briloon.org
OI Basu, Niladri/0000-0002-2695-1037
FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
Wildlife Program of the U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystem Mission Area
FX We thank the following individuals for field assistance: T. Arensberg,
C. Bishop, B. Braden, H. Beuder, B. Courterier, D. Cummings, C.
Eldermire, B. Estensen, T. Fondell, R. Gray, D. Heard, I. Isler, P.
Lemons, T. Lemons, S. McCloskey, G. Meese, J. Morse, D. Mulcahy, D.
Nigro, K Overduijn, S. Reitsma, T. Ronningen, T. Shoemaker, M. Sorum, S.
Stortz, H. Uher-Koch, C. VanStratt, and S. Wright. Feathers for
retrospective analyses of Hg were provided by Jeremiah Trimble of the
Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology and Janet Hinshaw of the
University of Michigan's Museum of Zoology. We also thank the National
Fish and Wildlife Foundation for funding (2009-2012) and the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service for aerial survey support. The Bureau of Land
Management (D. Nigro) and National Park Service (B. Shults) provided
in-kind aerial and logistical support. This work is part of the U.S.
Geological Survey's Changing Arctic Ecosystem Initiative and is
supported by funding from the Wildlife Program of the U.S. Geological
Survey Ecosystem Mission Area. Permits were issued by relevant Federal
and State agencies for Biodiversity Research Institute and the U.S.
Geological Survey. We captured, banded, and sampled field tissues in
accordance with Animal Care and Use protocols approved by the U.S.
Geological Survey Alaska Science Center.
NR 66
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 30
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
EI 1938-5390
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 37
SI 1
BP 147
EP 159
PG 13
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AG7QS
UT WOS:000335613500017
ER
PT J
AU Stevens, CH
Poole, FG
Amaya-Martinez, R
AF Stevens, Calvin H.
Poole, Forrest G.
Amaya-Martinez, Ricardo
TI Late Paleozoic fusulinids from Sonora, Mexico: Importance for
interpretation of depositional settings, biogeography, and
paleotectonics
SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE CIENCIAS GEOLOGICAS
LA English
DT Article
DE fusulinids; sedimentation; stratigraphy; biogeography; tectonic
framework; Pennsylvanian; Permian; Sonora; Mexico
ID NORTHWESTERN MEXICO; PERMIAN FUSULINES; GUATEMALA; STRATA; ALGAE
AB Three sets of fusulinid faunas in Sonora, Mexico, discussed herein, record different depositional and paleotectonic settings along the southwestern margin of Laurentia (North America) during Pennsylvanian and Permian time. The settings include: offshelf continental rise and ocean basin (Rancho Nuevo Formation in the Sonora allochthon), shallow continental shelf (La Cueva Limestone), and foredeep basin on the continental shelf (Mina Mexico Formation). Our data represent 41 fusulinid collections from 23 localities with each locality providing one to eight collections.
Reworked fusulinids in the Middle and Upper Pennsylvanian part of the Rancho Nuevo Formation range in age from Desmoinesian into Virgilian (Moscovian-Gzhelian). Indigenous Permian fusulinids in the La Cueva Limestone range in age from middle or late Wolfcampian to middle Leonardian (late Sakmarian-late Artinsldan), and reworked Permian fusulinids in the Mina Mexico Formation range in age from early to middle Leonardian (middle-late Artinskian). Conodonts of Guadalupian age occur in some turbidites in the Mina Mexico Formation, indicating the youngest foredeep deposit is at least Middle Permian in age. Our fusulinid collections indicate a hiatus of at least 10 m.y. between the youngest Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) rocks in the Sonora allochthon and the oldest Permian (middle Wolfcampian) rocks in the region.
Most fusulinid faunas in Sonora show affinities to those of West Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona; however, some genera and species are similar to those in southeastern California. As most species are similar to those east of the southwest-trending Transcontinental arch in New Mexico and Arizona, this arch may have formed a barrier preventing large-scale migration and mixing of faunas between the southern shelf of Laurentia in northwestern Mexico and the western shelf in the southwestern United States.
The Sonora allochthon, consisting of pre-Permian (Lower Ordovician to Upper Pennsylvanian) deep-water continental-rise and ocean-basin rocks, was thrust northward 50-200 km over Permian and older shallow-water carbonate-shelf rocks and Permian deep-water foredeep rocks of southern Laurentia. As Triassic rocks unconformably overlie the Sonora allochthon, we conclude that terminal movement of the allochthon was in Late Permian time.
C1 [Stevens, Calvin H.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Geol, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[Poole, Forrest G.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Amaya-Martinez, Ricardo] Univ Sonora, Dept Geol, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico.
RP Stevens, CH (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Geol, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
EM calvin.stevens@sjsu.edu
FU Geology Department of San Jose State University
FX The Geology Department of San Jose State University supported the
laboratory work of Stevens, the U.S. Geological Survey supported the
fieldwork of Poole, and the University of Sonora supported the fieldwork
of Amaya-Martinez. Stevens identified the fusulinids and interpreted
their biogeographic significance and Poole and Amaya-Martinez are
responsible for interpreting their depositional and tectonic setting.
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU CENTRO GEOCIENCIAS UNAM
PI QUERETARO
PA CENTRO GEOCIENCIAS, UNAM, CAMPUS JURIQUILLA, QUERETARO, QRO 76230,
MEXICO
SN 1026-8774
J9 REV MEX CIENC GEOL
JI Rev. Mex. Cienc. Geol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 31
IS 1
BP 14
EP 27
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AH0JT
UT WOS:000335805900002
ER
PT J
AU Benson, LV
Griffin, ER
Stein, JR
Friedman, RA
Andrae, SW
AF Benson, L. V.
Griffin, E. R.
Stein, J. R.
Friedman, R. A.
Andrae, S. W.
TI Mummy Lake: an unroofed ceremonial structure within a large-scale ritual
landscape
SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Mesa Verde; Mummy Lake; Far View House; Far View Reservoir; Unroofed
ceremonial structure; Anasazi processional ways; Cliff Palace
ID SOUTHWESTERN COLORADO; AMERICAN SOUTHWEST; BED ROUGHNESS; SHEAR-STRESS;
MAIZE; CONSERVATION; SEDIMENTS; VELOCITY; WATER; RIVER
AB The structure at Mesa Verde National Park known historically as Mummy Lake and more recently as Far View Reservoir is not part of a water collection, impoundment, or redistribution system. We offer an alternative explanation for the function of Mummy Lake. We suggest that it is an unroofed ceremonial structure, and that it serves as an essential component of a Chacoan ritual landscape. A wide constructed avenue articulates Mummy Lake with Far View House and Pipe Shrine House. The avenue continues southward for approximately 6 km where it apparently divides connecting with Spruce Tree House and Sun Temple/Cliff Palace. The avenue has previously been interpreted as an irrigation ditch fed by water impounded at Mummy Lake; however, it conforms in every respect to alignments described as Chacoan roads. Tree-ring dates indicate that the construction of Spruce Tree House and Cliff Palace began about A.D. 1225, roughly coincident with the abandonment of the Far View community. This pattern of periodically relocating the focus of an Anasazi community by retiring existing ritual structures and linking them to newly constructed facilities by means of broad avenues was first documented by Fowler and Stein (1992) in Manuelito Canyon, New Mexico. Periods of intense drought appear to have contributed to the relocation of prehistoric Native Americans from the Far View group to Cliff Palace/Spruce Tree House in the mid-13th century and eventually to the abandonment of all Anasazi communities in southwestern Colorado in the late-13th century. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Benson, L. V.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Griffin, E. R.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Andrae, S. W.] Intermt Mapping Serv, La Plata, NM 87418 USA.
RP Benson, LV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 602 Pine St, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
EM lbenson@usgs.gov
FU National Research Program of the U.S. Geological Survey
FX This paper is dedicated to the memory of David A. Breternitz whose
studies of Mummy Lake, Wetherill Mesa, Chimney Rock, and leadership of
the Dolores Archaeological Project provided a firm foundation for the
many studies that followed in his footsteps. We thank both Keith Kintigh
and Bill Lipe for directing us to other papers that feature unroofed
ceremonial structures (great kivas). We also thank Scott Travis, George
San Miguel, Gay Ives, Loren Finn, and Ellen Brennan of Mesa Verde
National Park for assistance in this study. As always, Ken Petersen's
comments were invaluable. We also thank Michael Berry, Rory Gauthier,
and one anonymous reviewer for comments that improved the paper. The
National Research Program of the U.S. Geological Survey was responsible
for partial funding of this research. The first author (L.Benson) is
also a curator of anthropology at the University of Colorado's Museum of
Natural History.
NR 69
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0305-4403
EI 1095-9238
J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI
JI J. Archaeol. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 44
BP 164
EP 179
DI 10.1016/j.jas.2014.01.021
PG 16
WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology
GA AG7PS
UT WOS:000335610800019
ER
PT J
AU Barron, JA
Bukry, D
Cheshire, H
AF Barron, John A.
Bukry, David
Cheshire, Heather
TI Response of diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in the central Gulf
of California to regional climate change during the past 55 kyrs
SO MARINE MICROPALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Upwelling; Diatom; Silicoflagellate; Gulf of California; Sea surface
temperature; Heinrich event
ID NORTH-AMERICAN MONSOON; GUAYMAS BASIN; HEINRICH EVENTS; EARLY HOLOCENE;
VARIABILITY; PACIFIC; SEDIMENTS; SEA; PALEOCEANOGRAPHY; VENTILATION
AB High-resolution studies of diatoms and silicoflagellates of the past 55 kyrs in cores MD02-2517/2515 from the central Gulf of California (GoC) reveal profound changes in GoC surface waters. Roperia tesselata, a diatom proxy for late winter-early spring upwelling, and Dictyocha stapedia, a subtropical silicoflagellate indicative of GoC sea surface,temperatures (SSTs) >24 degrees C, are common during the Holocene but rare during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2 and most of MIS 3, a relationship that likely reflects a more northerly position of the North Pacific High (NPH) during the Holocene. In contrast during most of MIS 2 (similar to 27-15 ka), the persistent presence of Distephanus speculum, a silicoflagellate associated with SSTs <16 degrees, suggests that cold, low salinity waters penetrated into the GoC, consistent with southward displacement of the NPH.
During MIS 3 (similar to 55-27 ka), increased dominance of Azpeitia nodulifera (diatom) implies that stratified, tropical waters were present year round, whereas silicoflagellate assemblages suggest that stratified tropical conditions alternated with more productive, upwelling conditions on millennial timescales. Reduced biosiliceous productivity during Heinrich events likely reflected a reduction in both surface water nutrient levels and in the strength of northwest winds due to a weakened and more southerly NPH. Conversely, enhanced biosiliceous productivity during MIS 3 interstadials was probably linked to heightened nutrient levels and a strengthened NPH. Abrupt relative abundance increases of the silicoflagellate, Dictyocha aculeata, approximate the termination of MIS3 Heinrich events and may signal times when nutrient-rich deep waters associated with the resumption of enhanced Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation penetrated into the central Gulf. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Barron, John A.; Bukry, David] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Cheshire, Heather] UCL, Dept Earth Sci, London WC1E 6BT, England.
RP Barron, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jbarron@usgs.gov; dbukry@usgs.gov; h.cheshire@ucl.ac.uk
FU Department of Earth Sciences, UCL
FX Gratitude is owed to Guy Rothwell and Belinda Alker at BOSCORF,
University of Southampton, where the core is conserved. HC was supported
by a PhD studentship from the Department of Earth Sciences, UCL. Holly
Olson of the U.S. Geological Survey prepared the slides for diatom and
silicoflagellate analyses. We thank Matthew Kirby, Oscar Romero, and
Richard Poore for their very thorough reviews of an earlier draft. The
current manuscript benefitted greatly from the reviews of Kevin
McCartney and Elisa Malinvero, as well as the careful edit of Richard
Jordan, the editor of Marine Micropaleontology. Elisa Malinverno
provided especially useful comments that greatly improved the
manuscript. Laetitia Pichevin kindly provided us with a copy of her
biogenic opal data for MD02-2515. Jason Addison's advice on statistical
treatment and his suggestions for text organization greatly improved the
current version of this manuscript.
NR 48
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 7
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-8398
EI 1872-6186
J9 MAR MICROPALEONTOL
JI Mar. Micropaleontol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 108
BP 28
EP 40
DI 10.1016/j.marmicro.2014.02.004
PG 13
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA AG7SR
UT WOS:000335619400003
ER
PT J
AU Cowie, R
Williams, MW
Wireman, M
Runkel, RL
AF Cowie, Rory
Williams, Mark W.
Wireman, Mike
Runkel, Robert L.
TI Use of Natural and Applied Tracers to Guide Targeted Remediation Efforts
in an Acid Mine Drainage System, Colorado Rockies, USA
SO WATER
LA English
DT Article
DE groundwater; acid mine drainage; water isotopes; mine hydrology;
fluorescent dye tracers; stream tracers
ID GROUNDWATER TRACERS; FLUORESCENT DYES; WATER; TRANSPORT; AQUIFERS;
CREEK; INJECTION; LOADS
AB Stream water quality in areas of the western United States continues to be degraded by acid mine drainage (AMD), a legacy of hard-rock mining. The Rico-Argentine Mine in southwestern Colorado consists of complex multiple-level mine workings connected to a drainage tunnel discharging AMD to passive treatment ponds that discharge to the Dolores River. The mine workings are excavated into the hillslope on either side of a tributary stream with workings passing directly under the stream channel. There is a need to define hydrologic connections between surface water, groundwater, and mine workings to understand the source of both water and contaminants in the drainage tunnel discharge. Source identification will allow targeted remediation strategies to be developed. To identify hydrologic connections we employed a combination of natural and applied tracers including isotopes, ionic tracers, and fluorescent dyes. Stable water isotopes (delta O-18/delta D) show a well-mixed hydrological system, while tritium levels in mine waters indicate a fast flow-through system with mean residence times of years not decades or longer. Addition of multiple independent tracers indicated that water is traveling through mine workings with minimal obstructions. The results from a simultaneous salt and dye tracer application demonstrated that both tracer types can be successfully used in acidic mine water conditions.
C1 [Cowie, Rory; Williams, Mark W.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wireman, Mike] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
[Runkel, Robert L.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Cowie, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM rory.cowie@colorado.edu; markw@snobear.colorado.edu;
wireman.mike@epa.gov; runkel@usgs.gov
NR 49
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 31
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2073-4441
J9 WATER-SUI
JI Water
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 4
BP 745
EP 777
DI 10.3390/w6040745
PG 33
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AG9TD
UT WOS:000335761800001
ER
PT J
AU Huston, DC
Cantu, V
Huffman, DG
AF Huston, D. C.
Cantu, V.
Huffman, D. G.
TI Experimental Exposure of Adult San Marcos Salamanders and Larval Leopard
Frogs to the Cercariae of Centrocestus formosanus
SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FOUNTAIN DARTER; FISH GILLS; TREMATODE; HETEROPHYIDAE; INFECTION;
DIGENEA; TEXAS; USA
AB The gill parasite Centrocestus formosanus (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) is an exotic parasite of concern in Texas because it has been shown to infect multiple threatened and endangered fish species. The purpose of this study was to determine if C. formosanus could present a threat to larval anurans, as well as threatened neotenic salamanders endemic to the spring-fed systems of Texas. We exposed adults of the San Marcos salamander Eurycea nana (Caudata: Plethodontidae) and tadpoles of the Rio Grande leopard frog Lithobates berlandieri (Anura: Ranidae) to the cercariae of C. formosanus. The San Marcos salamander showed no signs of metacercarial infection, suggesting that E. nana may be refractory to C. formosanus cercariae. Centrocestus formosanus readily infects the gills of leopard frog tadpoles, but the metacercariae apparently died prior to reaching maturity in our tadpoles.
C1 [Huston, D. C.; Cantu, V.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, San Marcos Aquat Resource Ctr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
[Huston, D. C.; Huffman, D. G.] Texas State Univ, Aquat Stn, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
RP Huston, DC (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, San Marcos Aquat Resource Ctr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
EM Daniel_Huston@fws.gov
OI Huston, Daniel Colgan/0000-0002-1015-4703
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX The authors would like to thank Drs. Tom Brandt and Kenneth Ostrand for
their support and reviews of early versions of this manuscript. This
work was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Use of trade
names or mention of specific companies does not imply endorsement of
these companies or their products. The views presented here are those of
the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-3395
EI 1937-2345
J9 J PARASITOL
JI J. Parasitol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 100
IS 2
BP 239
EP 241
DI 10.1645/13-419.1
PG 3
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA AG4JM
UT WOS:000335385800011
PM 24303882
ER
PT J
AU Cosens, B
Gunderson, L
Allen, C
Benson, MH
AF Cosens, Barbara
Gunderson, Lance
Allen, Craig
Benson, Melinda Harm
TI Identifying Legal, Ecological and Governance Obstacles, and
Opportunities for Adapting to Climate Change
SO SUSTAINABILITY
LA English
DT Review
DE adaptive governance; ecological resilience; water law; sustainability;
social-ecological system
ID ADMINISTRATIVE-LAW; MANAGEMENT; RESILIENCE; SYSTEMS; SCIENCE; FRAMEWORK;
TRANSITION; SCALE; STATE; DEAD
AB Current governance of regional scale water management systems in the United States has not placed them on a path toward sustainability, as conflict and gridlock characterize the social arena and ecosystem services continue to erode. Changing climate may continue this trajectory, but it also provides a catalyst for renewal of ecosystems and a window of opportunity for change in institutions. Resilience provides a bridging concept that predicts that change in ecological and social systems is often dramatic, abrupt, and surprising. Adapting to the uncertainty of climate driven change must be done in a manner perceived as legitimate by the participants in a democratic society. Adaptation must begin with the current hierarchical and fragmented social-ecological system as a baseline from which new approaches must be applied. Achieving a level of integration between ecological concepts and governance requires a dialogue across multiple disciplines, including ecologists with expertise in ecological resilience, hydrologists and climate experts, with social scientists and legal scholars. Criteria and models that link ecological dynamics with policies in complex, multi-jurisdictional water basins with adaptive management and governance frameworks may move these social-ecological systems toward greater sustainability.
C1 [Cosens, Barbara] Univ Idaho, Coll Law & Waters West, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Gunderson, Lance] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Allen, Craig] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Benson, Melinda Harm] Univ New Mexico, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Cosens, B (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Coll Law & Waters West, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM bcosens@uidaho.edu; lgunder@emory.edu; allencr@unl.edu; mhbenson@unm.edu
FU National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC) under National
Science Foundation [DBI-1052875]; US Army Corps of Engineers, Institute
for Water Resources; Tri-State EPSCoR Programs; National Science
Foundation [NM 0814449]; U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks
Commission; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX This work was supported by the National Socio-Environmental Synthesis
Center (SESYNC) under funding received from the National Science
Foundation DBI-1052875 and is a product of the Social-Ecological System
Resilience, Climate Change, & Adaptive Water Governance Project.
Gunderson received support from the US Army Corps of Engineers,
Institute for Water Resources. It was also supported by the Tri-State
EPSCoR Programs and funded by National Science Foundation # NM 0814449.
The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
supported by a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey,
the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of
Nebraska-Lincoln, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Wildlife
Management Institute.
NR 69
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 38
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2071-1050
J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL
JI Sustainability
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 4
BP 2338
EP 2356
DI 10.3390/su6042338
PG 19
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences;
Environmental Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF7VA
UT WOS:000334921800035
ER
PT J
AU Hay, LE
LaFontaine, J
Markstrom, SL
AF Hay, Lauren E.
LaFontaine, Jacob
Markstrom, Steven L.
TI Evaluation of Statistically Downscaled GCM Output as Input for
Hydrological and Stream Temperature Simulation in the
Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin (1961-99)
SO EARTH INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System; Stream Network Temperature model;
Asynchronous regional regression model; Statistical downscaling; General
circulation model; Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River basin
ID REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL; UNITED-STATES; PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY;
PROJECTIONS; ENSEMBLE; IMPACTS; EVENTS; QUANTIFICATION; DISTRIBUTIONS
AB The accuracy of statistically downscaled general circulation model (GCM) simulations of daily surface climate for historical conditions (1961-99) and the implications when they are used to drive hydrologic and stream temperature models were assessed for the Apalachicola-ChattahoocheeFlint River basin (ACFB). The ACFB is a 50 000 km 2 basin located in the southeastern United States. Three GCMs were statistically downscaled, using an asynchronous regional regression model (ARRM), to 1/8 degrees grids of daily precipitation and minimum and maximum air temperature. These ARRM-based climate datasets were used as input to the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS), a deterministic, distributed-parameter, physical-process watershed model used to simulate and evaluate the effects of various combinations of climate and land use on watershed response. The ACFB was divided into 258 hydrologic response units (HRUs) in which the components of flow (ground-water, subsurface, and surface) are computed in response to climate, land surface, and subsurface characteristics of the basin. Daily simulations of flow components from PRMS were used with the climate to simulate in-stream water temperatures using the Stream Network Temperature (SNTemp) model, a mechanistic, one-dimensional heat transport model for branched stream networks.
The climate, hydrology, and stream temperature for historical conditions were evaluated by comparing model outputs produced from historical climate forcings developed from gridded station data (GSD) versus those produced from the three statistically downscaled GCMs using the ARRM methodology. The PRMS and SNTemp models were forced with the GSD and the outputs produced were treated as "truth.'' This allowed for a spatial comparison by HRU of the GSD-based output with ARRM-based output. Distributional similarities between GSD- and ARRM-based model outputs were compared using the two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test in combination with descriptive metrics such as the mean and variance and an evaluation of rare and sustained events. In general, precipitation and streamflow quantities were negatively biased in the downscaled GCM outputs, and results indicate that the downscaled GCM simulations consistently underestimate the largest precipitation events relative to the GSD. The KS test results indicate that ARRM-based air temperatures are similar to GSD at the daily time step for the majority of the ACFB, with perhaps subweekly averaging for stream temperature. Depending on GCM and spatial location, ARRM-based precipitation and streamflow requires averaging of up to 30 days to become similar to the GSD-based output.
Evaluation of the model skill for historical conditions suggests some guidelines for use of future projections; while it seems correct to place greater confidence in evaluation metrics which perform well historically, this does not necessarily mean those metrics will accurately reflect model outputs for future climatic conditions. Results from this study indicate no "best'' overall model, but the breadth of analysis can be used to give the product users an indication of the applicability of the results to address their particular problem. Since results for historical conditions indicate that model outputs can have significant biases associated with them, the range in future projections examined in terms of change relative to historical conditions for each individual GCM may be more appropriate.
C1 [Hay, Lauren E.; LaFontaine, Jacob; Markstrom, Steven L.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Hay, LE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 412, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM lhay@usgs.gov
NR 66
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1087-3562
J9 EARTH INTERACT
JI Earth Interact.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 18
AR 9
DI 10.1175/2013EI000554.1
PG 32
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AF2ZC
UT WOS:000334580000001
ER
PT J
AU Krauss, KW
McKee, KL
Hester, MW
AF Krauss, Ken W.
McKee, Karen L.
Hester, Mark W.
TI Water use characteristics of black mangrove ( Avicennia germinans)
communities along an ecotone with marsh at a northern geographical limit
SO ECOHYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE eco-physiology; flooding; forest; leaf area; leaf transpiration;
sapflow; Spartina alterniflora; Louisiana
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; FOREST CANOPY TREES; SAP FLOW; GAS-EXCHANGE; SALT-MARSH;
SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; BRUGUIERA-GYMNORRHIZA;
RHIZOPHORA-MANGLE; KANDELIA-CANDEL
AB Mangroves are expanding into warm temperate-zone salt marsh communities in several locations globally. Although scientists have discovered that expansion might have modest effects on ecosystem functioning, water use characteristics have not been assessed relative to this transition. We measured early growing season sapflow (J(s)) and leaf transpiration (T-r) in Avicennia germinans at a latitudinal limit along the northern Gulf of Mexico (Louisiana, United States) under both flooded and drained states and used these data to scale vegetation water use responses in comparison with Spartina alterniflora. We discovered strong convergence when using either J(s) or T-r for determining individual tree water use, indicating tight connection between transpiration and xylem water movement in small Avicennia trees. When T-r data were combined with leaf area indices for the region with the use of three separate approaches, we determined that Avicennia stands use approximately 10-13mmd(-1) less water than Spartina marsh. Differences were only significant with the use of two of the three approaches, but are suggestive of net conservation of water as Avicennia expands into Spartina marshes at this location. Average J(s) for Avicennia trees was not influenced by flooding, but maximum J(s) was greater when sites were flooded. Avicennia and Spartina closest to open water (shoreline) used more water than interior locations of the same assemblages by an average of 13mmd(-1). Lower water use by Avicennia may indicate a greater overall resilience to drought relative to Spartina, such that aperiodic drought may interact with warmer winter temperatures to facilitate expansion of Avicennia in some years. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Krauss, Ken W.; McKee, Karen L.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Hester, Mark W.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Coastal Plant Ecol Lab, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
RP Krauss, KW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM kkrauss@usgs.gov
RI McKee, Karen/D-1365-2014
OI McKee, Karen/0000-0001-7042-670X
FU USGS Terrestrial, Marine, and Freshwater Ecosystems Program; USGS
Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program
FX This research was supported by the USGS Terrestrial, Marine, and
Freshwater Ecosystems Program, and USGS Climate and Land Use Change
Research and Development Program. We thank William C. Vervaeke, Nicole
Cormier, Jonathan Willis, Andrew S. From, and Richard H. Day for
providing critical field assistance, Michael J. Osland and three
referees for providing very useful reviews, and Irving A. Mendelssohn
for graciously providing LAI summary data from a larger geographical
range in southeastern Louisiana. Darren J. Johnson conducted the
statistical analyses. Accommodations for trips to Port Fourchon were
provided by the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Grand
Isle Marine Laboratory. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 71
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 35
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1936-0584
EI 1936-0592
J9 ECOHYDROLOGY
JI Ecohydrology
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 2
BP 354
EP 365
DI 10.1002/eco.1353
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AF4HC
UT WOS:000334671600014
ER
PT J
AU Mazur, MLC
Wiley, MJ
Wilcox, DA
AF Mazur, Martha L. Carlson
Wiley, Michael J.
Wilcox, Douglas A.
TI Estimating evapotranspiration and groundwater flow from water- table
fluctuations for a general wetland scenario
SO ECOHYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE evapotranspiration; Great Lakes; groundwater; water table; wetland
ID DUNES NATIONAL LAKESHORE; RIPARIAN ZONE; HEAT-BALANCE; EVAPORATION;
MARSH; RATES; USA; ENVIRONMENTS; COMPONENTS; CALIFORNIA
AB The use of diurnal water-table fluctuation methods to calculate evapotranspiration (ET) and groundwater flow is of increasing interest in ecohydrological studies. Most studies of this type, however, have been located in riparian wetlands of semi-arid regions where groundwater levels are consistently below topographic surface elevations and precipitation events are infrequent. Current methodologies preclude application to a wider variety of wetland systems. In this study, we extended a method for estimating sub-daily ET and groundwater flow rates from water-level fluctuations to fit highly dynamic, non-riparian wetland scenarios. Modifications included (1) varying the specific yield to account for periodic flooded conditions and (2) relating empirically derived ET to estimated potential ET for days when precipitation events masked the diurnal signal. To demonstrate the utility of this method, we estimated ET and groundwater fluxes over two growing seasons (2006-2007) in 15 wetlands within a ridge-and-swale wetland complex of the Laurentian Great Lakes under flooded and non-flooded conditions. Mean daily ET rates for the sites ranged from 4.0mmd(-1) to 6.6mmd(-1). Shallow groundwater discharge rates resulting from evaporative demand ranged from 2.5mmd(-1) to 4.3mmd(-1). This study helps to expand our understanding of the evapotranspirative demand of plants under various hydrologic and climate conditions. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Mazur, Martha L. Carlson] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Mazur, Martha L. Carlson; Wiley, Michael J.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Wilcox, Douglas A.] SUNY Coll Brockport, Dept Environm Sci & Biol, Brockport, NY 14420 USA.
RP Mazur, MLC (reprint author), Boston Coll, Devlin 213,140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
EM martha.carlsonmazur@bc.edu
FU USGS Global Change Research Program; University of Michigan School of
Natural Resources and Environment and Rackham Graduate School
FX Funding for this research was provided by the USGS Global Change
Research Program and the University of Michigan School of Natural
Resources and Environment and Rackham Graduate School. We thank Steve
Baedke and Todd Thompson for providing data, thoughtful advice and
assistance. We thank Deborah Goldberg and Donald Zak for their helpful
contributions to this research. We thank field assistants Robert Mazur,
Morgan Crutcher, Miriam Allersma, Erin Murphy, Amelia Letvin and Kelly
Iknayan. We appreciate the help of Todd Rasmussen of the University of
Georgia, who provided the code for performing regression deconvolution
and insightful interpretation of unaccountable fluctuations in our data
set. We appreciate comments by many reviewers, including Judy Drexler,
Don Rosenberry, Zongfu Ge, Paul Seelbach and anonymous reviewers who
helped to improve this manuscript. To our knowledge, no conflicts of
interest exist that would affect this study.
NR 59
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 5
U2 54
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1936-0584
EI 1936-0592
J9 ECOHYDROLOGY
JI Ecohydrology
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 2
BP 378
EP 390
DI 10.1002/eco.1356
PG 13
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AF4HC
UT WOS:000334671600016
ER
PT J
AU Sullivan, PL
Engel, V
Ross, MS
Price, RM
AF Sullivan, Pamela L.
Engel, Vic
Ross, Michael S.
Price, Rene M.
TI The influence of vegetation on the hydrodynamics and geomorphology of a
tree island in Everglades National Park ( Florida, United States)
SO ECOHYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ecohydrology; transpiration; phosphorus; ion accumulation; pedogenesis;
groundwater; surface water interactions
ID PATTERNED LANDSCAPE; OKAVANGO DELTA; SOUTH FLORIDA; WATER; CARBONATE;
TRANSPIRATION; PRECIPITATION; COMMUNITIES; GROUNDWATER; DISCHARGE
AB Transpiration-driven nutrient accumulation has been identified as a potential mechanism governing the creation and maintenance of wetland vegetation patterning. This process may contribute to the formation of nutrient-rich tree islands within the expansive oligotrophic marshes of the Everglades (Florida, United States). This study presents hydrogeochemical data indicating that tree root water uptake is a primary driver of groundwater ion accumulation across one of these islands. Sap flow, soil moisture, water level, water chemistry, and rainfall were measured to identify the relationships between climate, transpiration, and groundwater uptake by phreatophytes and to examine the effect this uptake has on groundwater chemistry and mineral formation in three woody plant communities of differing elevations. During the dry season, trees relied more on groundwater for transpiration, which led to a depressed water table and the advective movement of groundwater and dissolved ions, including phosphorus, from the surrounding marsh towards the centre of the island. Ion exclusion during root water uptake led to elevated concentrations of all major dissolved ions in the tree island groundwater compared with the adjacent marsh. Groundwater was predominately supersaturated with respect to aragonite and calcite in the lower-elevation woody communities, indicating the potential for soil formation. Elevated groundwater phosphorous concentrations detected in the highest-elevation woody community were associated with the leaching of inorganic sediments (i.e. hydroxyapatite) in the vadose zone. Understanding the complex feedback mechanisms regulating plant/groundwater/surface water interactions, nutrient dynamics, and potential soil formation is necessary to manage and restore patterned wetlands such as the Everglades. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Sullivan, Pamela L.; Ross, Michael S.; Price, Rene M.] Florida Int Univ, Southeast Environm Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Engel, Vic] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Ross, Michael S.; Price, Rene M.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
RP Sullivan, PL (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Southeastern Environm Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
EM psull001@fiu.edu
FU Southeast Environmental Research Center (SERC); Dissertation Year
Fellowship at the Florida International University; Everglades
Foundation; National Park Service, South Florida Natural Resources
Center's Critical Ecosystem Studies Initiative
FX Support for PLS for this project was provided by the Southeast
Environmental Research Center (SERC) and Dissertation Year Fellowship at
the Florida International University and the Everglades Foundation and
developed in collaboration with the Florida Coastal Everglades Long-Term
Ecological Research programme under the National Science Foundation and
the NASA WaterSCAPES project. VE received support from the National Park
Service, South Florida Natural Resources Center's Critical Ecosystem
Studies Initiative. We thank the following individuals for their help in
the field: Pablo Ruiz, Nate Colbert, Rafael Traviso, Amartya Saha,
Lawrence Lopez, Mike Kline, David Lagomasino, and Danielle Orgucak. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. This is SERC
contribution no. 614.
NR 61
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1936-0584
EI 1936-0592
J9 ECOHYDROLOGY
JI Ecohydrology
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 2
BP 727
EP 744
DI 10.1002/eco.1394
PG 18
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AF4HC
UT WOS:000334671600043
ER
PT J
AU Wood, CL
Lafferty, KD
DeLeo, G
Young, HS
Hudson, PJ
Kuris, AM
AF Wood, Chelsea L.
Lafferty, Kevin D.
DeLeo, Giulio
Young, Hillary S.
Hudson, Peter J.
Kuris, Armand M.
TI Does biodiversity protect humans against infectious disease?
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biodiversity loss; zoonosis; disease; conservation; parasite; dilution
effect; pathogen
ID SIN NOMBRE VIRUS; LYME-DISEASE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; PATHOGEN
TRANSMISSION; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; HOST DIVERSITY; RISK-FACTORS;
ECOLOGY; IMPACT; EMERGENCE
AB Control of human infectious disease has been promoted as a valuable ecosystem service arising from the conservation of biodiversity. There are two commonly discussed mechanisms by which biodiversity loss could increase rates of infectious disease in a landscape. First, loss of competitors or predators could facilitate an increase in the abundance of competent reservoir hosts. Second, biodiversity loss could disproportionately affect non-competent, or less competent reservoir hosts, which would otherwise interfere with pathogen transmission to human populations by, for example, wasting the bites of infected vectors. A negative association between biodiversity and disease risk, sometimes called the "dilution effect hypothesis," has been supported for a few disease agents, suggests an exciting win-win outcome for the environment and society, and has become a pervasive topic in the disease ecology literature. Case studies have been assembled to argue that the dilution effect is general across disease agents. Less touted are examples in which elevated biodiversity does not affect or increases infectious disease risk for pathogens of public health concern. In order to assess the likely generality of the dilution effect, we review the association between biodiversity and public health across a broad variety of human disease agents. Overall, we hypothesize that conditions for the dilution effect are unlikely to be met for most important diseases of humans. Biodiversity probably has little net effect on most human infectious diseases but, when it does have an effect, observation and basic logic suggest that biodiversity will be more likely to increase than to decrease infectious disease risk.
C1 [Wood, Chelsea L.; DeLeo, Giulio] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Wood, Chelsea L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[DeLeo, Giulio] Univ Parma, Dipartimento Sci Ambientali, I-43100 Parma, Italy.
[Young, Hillary S.; Kuris, Armand M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Young, Hillary S.; Kuris, Armand M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Young, Hillary S.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Hudson, Peter J.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Wood, CL (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM chelsea.wood@colorado.edu
RI Lafferty, Kevin/B-3888-2009
OI Lafferty, Kevin/0000-0001-7583-4593
FU National Science Foundation; Alyce B. and Henry J. Ramey, Jr. Stanford
Graduate Fellowship; Italian Ministry of Research; NSF-NIH Ecology and
Evolution of Infectious Diseases Program grant [OCE-1115965]; NIH RAPIDD
program
FX C. L. Wood was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate
Research Fellowship and an Alyce B. and Henry J. Ramey, Jr. Stanford
Graduate Fellowship. G. DeLeo was partially supported by the Italian
Ministry of Research under the program PRIN2008, A. M. Kuris and K. D.
Lafferty were supported by an NSF-NIH Ecology and Evolution of
Infectious Diseases Program grant (OCE-1115965), and P. J. Hudson was
supported by the NIH RAPIDD program. Mike Begon, Andy Dobson, Andres
Gomez, Fiorenza Micheli, and Natalie Cooper made helpful comments on
earlier versions of the manuscript, and Heather Ferguson and Joanne
Webster contributed useful suggestions on the analysis of Table 1.
NR 87
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 29
U2 210
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 4
BP 817
EP 832
DI 10.1890/13-1041.1
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF2WQ
UT WOS:000334573600004
PM 24933803
ER
PT J
AU Buderman, FE
Diefenbach, DR
Casalena, MJ
Rosenberry, CS
Wallingford, BD
AF Buderman, Frances E.
Diefenbach, Duane R.
Casalena, Mary Jo
Rosenberry, Christopher S.
Wallingford, Bret D.
TI Accounting for tagging-to-harvest mortality in a Brownie tag-recovery
model by incorporating radio-telemetry data
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Auxiliary data; Brownie model; harvest rate; hunter behavior; joint
model; known-fate; survival rate; tag recovery
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; REPORTING RATES; LIVE-RECAPTURE; MARK-RECAPTURE;
SURVIVAL RATES; TELEMETRY; PENNSYLVANIA; INFORMATION; POPULATION;
PRECISION
AB The Brownie tag-recovery model is useful for estimating harvest rates but assumes all tagged individuals survive to the first hunting season; otherwise, mortality between time of tagging and the hunting season will cause the Brownie estimator to be negatively biased. Alternatively, fitting animals with radio transmitters can be used to accurately estimate harvest rate but may be more costly. We developed a joint model to estimate harvest and annual survival rates that combines known-fate data from animals fitted with transmitters to estimate the probability of surviving the period from capture to the first hunting season, and data from reward-tagged animals in a Brownie tag-recovery model. We evaluated bias and precision of the joint estimator, and how to optimally allocate effort between animals fitted with radio transmitters and inexpensive ear tags or leg bands. Tagging-to-harvest survival rates from >20 individuals with radio transmitters combined with 50-100 reward tags resulted in an unbiased and precise estimator of harvest rates. In addition, the joint model can test whether transmitters affect an individual's probability of being harvested. We illustrate application of the model using data from wild turkey, Meleagris gallapavo, to estimate harvest rates, and data from white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, to evaluate whether the presence of a visible radio transmitter is related to the probability of a deer being harvested. The joint known-fate tag-recovery model eliminates the requirement to capture and mark animals immediately prior to the hunting season to obtain accurate and precise estimates of harvest rate. In addition, the joint model can assess whether marking animals with radio transmitters affects the individual's probability of being harvested, caused by hunter selectivity or changes in a marked animal's behavior.
C1 [Buderman, Frances E.] Penn State Univ, Pennsylvania Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Diefenbach, Duane R.] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Pennsylvania Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Casalena, Mary Jo; Rosenberry, Christopher S.; Wallingford, Bret D.] Bur Wildlife Management, Penn Game Commiss, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA.
RP Buderman, FE (reprint author), Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM franny.buderman@colostate.edu
FU Pennsylvania Game Commission
FX Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Support for
this research was provided by the Pennsylvania Game Commission.
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 8
BP 1439
EP 1450
DI 10.1002/ece3.1025
PG 12
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AF3GZ
UT WOS:000334601100016
PM 24834339
ER
PT J
AU Rimondi, V
Costagliola, P
Gray, JE
Lattanzi, P
Nannucci, M
Paolieri, M
Salvadori, A
AF Rimondi, V.
Costagliola, P.
Gray, J. E.
Lattanzi, P.
Nannucci, M.
Paolieri, M.
Salvadori, A.
TI Mass loads of dissolved and particulate mercury and other trace elements
in the Mt. Amiata mining district, Southern Tuscany (Italy)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; RIVER; TRANSPORT; SEDIMENTS; WATER; MINE; CALIFORNIA;
SPECIATION; METAL; USA
AB Total dissolved and particulate mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), and antimony (Sb) mass loads were estimated in different seasons (March and September 2011 and March 2012) in the Paglia River basin (PRB) (central Italy). The Paglia River drains the Mt. Amiata Hg district, one of the largest Hg-rich regions worldwide. Quantification of Hg, As, and Sb mass loads in this watershed allowed (1) identification of the contamination sources, (2) evaluation of the effects of Hg on the environment, and (3) determination of processes affecting Hg transport. The dominant source of Hg in the Paglia River is runoff from Hg mines in the Mt. Amiata region. The maximum Hg mass load was found to be related to runoff from the inactive Abbadia San Salvatore Mine (ASSM), and up to 30 g day(-1) of Hg, dominantly in the particulate form, was transported both in high and low flow conditions in 2011. In addition, enrichment factors (EFs) calculated for suspended particulate matter (SPM) were similar in different seasons indicating that water discharge controls the quantities of Hg transported in the PRB, and considerable Hg was transported in all seasons studied. Overall, as much as 11 kg of Hg are discharged annually in the PRB and this Hg is transported downstream to the Tiber River, and eventually to the Mediterranean Sea. Similar to Hg, maximum mass loads for As and Sb were found in March 2011, when as much as 190 g day(-1) each of As and Sb were measured from sites downstream from the ASSM. Therefore, the Paglia River represents a significant source of Hg, Sb, and As to the Mediterranean Sea.
C1 [Rimondi, V.; Costagliola, P.; Paolieri, M.] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-50121 Florence, Italy.
[Gray, J. E.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Lattanzi, P.] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Sci Chim & Geol, I-09127 Cagliari, Italy.
[Nannucci, M.; Salvadori, A.] Reg Toscana, I-5110 Pistoia, Italy.
RP Rimondi, V (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Via G La Pira 4, I-50121 Florence, Italy.
EM valentina.rimondi@unifi.it
RI Lattanzi, Pierfranco/A-5817-2012;
OI Lattanzi, Pierfranco/0000-0003-4352-2709; Rimondi,
Valentina/0000-0002-1249-6563
FU Ente Cassa Risparmio di Firenze, MIUR PRIN; Municipality of Abbadia San
Salvatore (Italy); Servizio Idrografico Regionale Umbria; Dr.ssa
Francesca Podda (University of Cagliari)
FX This study was financially supported by the Ente Cassa Risparmio di
Firenze, MIUR PRIN 2010-2011 (grant to P. Costagliola), and the
Municipality of Abbadia San Salvatore (Italy). We acknowledge Servizio
Idrografico Regionale Umbria for providing field support during the
discharge measurements and Dr.ssa Francesca Podda (University of
Cagliari) for providing chemical analysis of water and SPM. Daniele
Rappuoli, Marcello Niccolini (Municipality of Abbadia San Salvatore),
and Francesca Dughetti (University of Firenze) are gratefully thanked
for their assistance during fieldwork.
NR 59
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 13
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0944-1344
EI 1614-7499
J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R
JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 8
BP 5575
EP 5585
DI 10.1007/s11356-013-2476-1
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF0ZJ
UT WOS:000334443600028
PM 24414225
ER
PT J
AU Ghio, AJ
Kummarapurugu, ST
Tong, H
Soukup, JM
Dailey, LA
Boykin, E
Gilmour, MI
Ingram, P
Roggli, VL
Goldstein, HL
Reynolds, RL
AF Ghio, Andrew J.
Kummarapurugu, Suryanaren T.
Tong, Haiyan
Soukup, Joleen M.
Dailey, Lisa A.
Boykin, Elizabeth
Gilmour, M. Ian
Ingram, Peter
Roggli, Victor L.
Goldstein, Harland L.
Reynolds, Richard L.
TI Biological effects of desert dust in respiratory epithelial cells and a
murine model
SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Air pollution; dust; inflammation mediators; particulate matter
ID CHARACTERIZING MINERAL DUSTS; AMBIENT PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-POLLUTION;
STORM EVENTS; OXIDANT GENERATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DAILY MORTALITY;
FINE PARTICLES; UNITED-STATES; SAHARAN DUST
AB As a result of the challenge of recent dust storms to public health, we tested the postulate that desert dust collected in the southwestern United States imparts a biological effect in respiratory epithelial cells and an animal model. Two samples of surface sediment were collected from separate dust sources in northeastern Arizona. Analysis of the PM20 fraction demonstrated that the majority of both dust samples were quartz and clay minerals (total SiO2 of 52 and 57%). Using respiratory epithelial and monocytic cell lines, the two desert dusts increased oxidant generation, measured by Amplex Red fluorescence, along with carbon black (a control particle), silica, and NIST 1649 (an ambient air pollution particle). Cell oxidant generation was greatest following exposures to silica and the desert dusts. Similarly, changes in RNA for superoxide dismutase-1, heme oxygenase-1, and cyclooxygenase-2 were also greatest after silica and the desert dusts supporting an oxidative stress after cell exposure. Silica, desert dusts, and the ambient air pollution particle NIST 1649 demonstrated a capacity to activate the p38 and ERK1/2 pathways and release pro-inflammatory mediators. Mice, instilled with the same particles, showed the greatest lavage concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators, neutro-phils, and lung injury following silica and desert dusts. We conclude that, comparable to other particles, desert dusts have a capacity to (1) influence oxidative stress and release of pro-inflammatory mediators in respiratory epithelial cells and (2) provoke an inflammatory injury in the lower respiratory tract of an animal model. The biological effects of desert dusts approximated those of silica.
C1 [Ghio, Andrew J.; Kummarapurugu, Suryanaren T.; Tong, Haiyan; Soukup, Joleen M.; Dailey, Lisa A.; Boykin, Elizabeth; Gilmour, M. Ian] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Ingram, Peter; Roggli, Victor L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
[Goldstein, Harland L.; Reynolds, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, HSF, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Campus Box 7315,104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27711 USA.
EM ghio.andy@epa.gov
FU US Geological Survey Climate and Land-Use Change Program
FX We thank Jiang Xiao, G. Skipp, D. Fernandez, F. Luiszer for preparation
and analyses of the desert dust samples, G. Breit for help with XRD
interpretations, and D. Andrews and J. Richards for assistance with
animal investigation and analyses of blood and lavage samples. Partial
support was provided by the US Geological Survey Climate and Land-Use
Change Program.
NR 55
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 16
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 0895-8378
EI 1091-7691
J9 INHAL TOXICOL
JI Inhal. Toxicol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 26
IS 5
BP 299
EP 309
DI 10.3109/08958378.2014.888109
PG 11
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA AF5HT
UT WOS:000334745300005
PM 24669951
ER
PT J
AU Riedel, TE
Zimmer-Faust, AG
Thulsiraj, V
Madi, T
Hanley, KT
Ebentier, DL
Byappanahalli, M
Layton, B
Raith, M
Boehm, AB
Griffith, JF
Holden, PA
Shanks, OC
Weisberg, SB
Jay, JA
AF Riedel, Timothy E.
Zimmer-Faust, Amity G.
Thulsiraj, Vanessa
Madi, Tania
Hanley, Kaitlyn T.
Ebentier, Darcy L.
Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara
Layton, Blythe
Raith, Meredith
Boehm, Alexandria B.
Griffith, John F.
Holden, Patricia A.
Shanks, Orin C.
Weisberg, Stephen B.
Jay, Jennifer A.
TI Detection limits and cost comparisons of human- and gull-associated
conventional and quantitative PCR assays in artificial and environmental
waters
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE LOD; qPCR; Endpoint; Gull; HF183; Cost analysis
ID REAL-TIME PCR; MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING; FECAL CONTAMINATION;
CLINICAL-SAMPLES; GENETIC-MARKERS; QUANTIFICATION; DNA; INHIBITION;
IDENTIFICATION; PERFORMANCE
AB Some molecular methods for tracking fecal pollution in environmental waters have both PCR and quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays available for use. To assist managers in deciding whether to implement newer qPCR techniques in routine monitoring programs, we compared detection limits (LODs) and costs of PCR and qPCR assays with identical targets that are relevant to beach water quality assessment. For human-associated assays targeting Bacteroidales HF183 genetic marker, qPCR LODs were 70 times lower and there was no effect of target matrix (artificial freshwater, environmental creek water, and environmental marine water) on PCR or qPCR LODs. The PCR startup and annual costs were the lowest, while the per reaction cost was 62% lower than the Taqman based qPCR and 180% higher than the SYBR based qPCR. For gull-associated assays, there was no significant difference between PCR and qPCR LODs, target matrix did not effect PCR or qPCR LODs, and PCR startup, annual, and per reaction costs were lower. Upgrading to qPCR involves greater startup and annual costs, but this increase may be justified in the case of the human-associated assays with lower detection limits and reduced cost per sample. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Riedel, Timothy E.; Zimmer-Faust, Amity G.; Thulsiraj, Vanessa; Hanley, Kaitlyn T.; Ebentier, Darcy L.; Jay, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Zimmer-Faust, Amity G.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Madi, Tania] Source Mol Corp, Miami, FL 33155 USA.
[Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
[Raith, Meredith; Griffith, John F.; Weisberg, Stephen B.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
[Boehm, Alexandria B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Riedel, TE (reprint author), UT Austin Coll Nat Sci, 103 W 24th St,PAI 3-04M,G2550, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM triedel@utexas.edu
RI Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008;
OI Weisberg, Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425; Hanley,
Kaitlyn/0000-0002-8252-4689
FU Clean Beach Initiative Grant from the California State Water Resources
Control Board; Nicholas Endowment
FX Funding for this study was through a Clean Beach Initiative Grant from
the California State Water Resources Control Board. We would like to
thank John Law and Sofi Peterson (participants of the UCLA High School
Summer Research Program funded by the Nicholas Endowment) and Ben
Tanimoto for their help with sample processing. We are grateful to
Samuel Choi and the Orange County Sanitation District for providing us
with primary influent sewage. Any use of trade, product or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government. This article is Contribution XXXX of the USGS Great Lakes
Science Center.
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 25
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 136
BP 112
EP 120
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.029
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF6JN
UT WOS:000334821400014
PM 24583609
ER
PT J
AU Lamont, MM
Houser, C
AF Lamont, Margaret M.
Houser, Chris
TI Spatial distribution of loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) emergences
along a highly dynamic beach in the northern Gulf of Mexico
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Armoring; Erosion; Crawl; Gulf of Mexico; Marine turtle; Site fidelity
ID SEA-TURTLES; POPULATION; PATTERNS; FIDELITY; HABITAT; FLORIDA; ISLAND
AB As coastlines change due to sea level rise and an increasing human presence, understanding how species, such as marine turtles, respond to alterations in habitat is necessary for proper management and conservation. Survey data from a major nesting beach in the northern Gulf of Mexico, where a revetment was installed, was used to assess spatial distribution of loggerhead emergences. Through use of Quadrat analysis and piecewise linear regression with brealcpoint, we present evidence to suggest that nest site selection in loggerheads is determined in the nearshore environment, and by characteristics such as wave height, alongshore currents, depth and patterns of erosion and accretion. Areas of relatively dense nesting were found in areas with relatively strong alongshore currents, relatively small waves, a steep offshore slope and the largest historical rates of erosion. Areas of relatively dense nesting also corresponded to areas of low nesting success. Both nesting and non-nesting emergences were clustered immediately adjacent to the revetment and at other eroding sites along the beach. These results suggest that alterations to the nearshore environment from activities such as construction of a jetty, dredging or installation of pilings, may impact sea turtle nest distribution alongshore. We also show that piecewise linear regression with breakpoint is a technique that can be used with geomorphological and oceanographic data to predict locations of nest clumping and may be useful for managers at other nesting beadles. Published by Elseview B.V.
C1 [Lamont, Margaret M.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Houser, Chris] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geog, College Stn, TX USA.
RP Lamont, MM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM mlamont@usgs.gov; chouser@tamu.edu
FU Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT)
FX This project was funded by the Florida Department of Transportation
(FDOT). We are extremely grateful to Vicki Sharpe at FDOT and Mary ttiga
at the USFWS for their support of this project. We thank B. Stephens and
C. Hackett for assistance in the field. All work was conducted under the
State of Florida Marine Turtle Permit #094 and all turtle handling and
sampling was performed according to the University of Florida's
Institutional Animal Care Protocols (IACUC-A621). Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. [SS]
NR 38
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 48
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
EI 1879-1697
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 453
BP 98
EP 107
DI 10.1016/jjembe.2013.11.006
PG 10
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AF1MB
UT WOS:000334476900013
ER
PT J
AU Kayen, R
Moss, RES
Thompson, EM
Seed, RB
Cetin, KO
Der Kiureghian, A
Tanaka, Y
Tokimatsu, K
AF Kayen, R.
Moss, R. E. S.
Thompson, E. M.
Seed, R. B.
Cetin, K. O.
Der Kiureghian, A.
Tanaka, Y.
Tokimatsu, K.
TI Closure to "Shear-Wave Velocity-Based Probabilistic and Deterministic
Assessment of Seismic Soil Liquefaction Potential"
SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID INTENSITY
C1 [Kayen, R.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Kayen, R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90025 USA.
[Moss, R. E. S.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA.
[Thompson, E. M.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Thompson, E. M.] Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
[Seed, R. B.; Der Kiureghian, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cetin, K. O.] Middle Eastern Tech Univ, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey.
[Tanaka, Y.] Univ Tunku Abdul Rahman, Dept Civil Engn, Kuala Lumpur 53300, Malaysia.
[Tokimatsu, K.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Architechture & Bldg Engn, Tokyo 1528550, Japan.
RP Kayen, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM rkayen@usgs.gov
RI Moss, Robb/N-7376-2014
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1090-0241
EI 1943-5606
J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON
JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 140
IS 4
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001091
PG 1
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA AF4HA
UT WOS:000334671400024
ER
PT J
AU Likos, WJ
Lu, N
Godt, JW
AF Likos, William J.
Lu, Ning
Godt, Jonathan W.
TI Hysteresis and Uncertainty in Soil Water-Retention Curve Parameters
SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Suction stress; Uncertainty analysis; Soil-water characteristic curve
(SWCC); Hysteresis; Landslides; Soil water retention
ID UNSATURATED SOILS; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; SIMILARITY HYPOTHESIS;
CAPILLARY HYSTERESIS; POROUS-MEDIA; MODEL; STRESS; FLOW; BARRIERS
AB Accurate estimates of soil hydraulic parameters representing wetting and drying paths are required for predicting hydraulic and mechanical responses in a large number of applications. A comprehensive suite of laboratory experiments was conducted to measure hysteretic soil-water characteristic curves (SWCCs) representing a wide range of soil types. Results were used to quantitatively assess differences and uncertainty in three simplifications frequently adopted to estimate wetting-path SWCC parameters from more easily measured drying curves. They are the following: (1) alpha w=2 alpha d, (2) nw=nd, and (3) theta sw=theta sd, where alpha, n, and theta s are fitting parameters entering van Genuchten's commonly adopted SWCC model, and the superscripts w and d indicate wetting and drying paths, respectively. The average ratio alpha w/alpha d for the data set was 2.24 +/- 1.25. Nominally cohesive soils had a lower alpha w/alpha d ratio (1.73 +/- 0.94) than nominally cohesionless soils (3.14 +/- 1.27).
The average nw/nd ratio was 1.01 +/- 0.11 with no significant dependency on soil type, thus confirming the nw=nd simplification for a wider range of soil types than previously available. Water content at zero suction during wetting (theta sw) was consistently less than during drying (theta sd) owing to air entrapment. The theta sw/theta sd ratio averaged 0.85 +/- 0.10 and was comparable for nominally cohesive (0.87 +/- 0.11) and cohesionless (0.81 +/- 0.08) soils. Regression statistics are provided to quantitatively account for uncertainty in estimating hysteretic retention curves. Practical consequences are demonstrated for two case studies.
C1 [Likos, William J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Lu, Ning] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Godt, Jonathan W.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Likos, WJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM likos@wisc.edu; ninglu@mines.edu; jgodt@usgs.gov
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI 0968768]; USGS [G09AC00085]
FX Technical support for the laboratory and field experimental program was
provided by Murat Kaya, Long Hou, and Alexandra Wayllace. Financial
support was provided by a National Science Foundation (NSF) grant (CMMI
0968768) to W. J. L. and a USGS grant (G09AC00085) to N. L. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 48
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 36
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1090-0241
EI 1943-5606
J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON
JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 140
IS 4
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001071
PG 11
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA AF4HA
UT WOS:000334671400002
ER
PT J
AU Parrott, BB
Bowden, JA
Kohno, S
Cloy-McCoy, JA
Hale, MD
Bangma, JT
Rainwater, TR
Wilkinson, PM
Kucklick, JR
Guillette, LJ
AF Parrott, Benjamin B.
Bowden, John A.
Kohno, Satomi
Cloy-McCoy, Jessica A.
Hale, Matthew D.
Bangma, Jacqueline T.
Rainwater, Thomas R.
Wilkinson, Phillip M.
Kucklick, John R.
Guillette, Louis J., Jr.
TI Influence of tissue, age, and environmental quality on DNA methylation
in Alligator mississippiensis
SO REPRODUCTION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Copenhagen Workshop on Endocrine Disrupters
CY MAY 28-31, 2013
CL Copenhagen, DENMARK
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CONTAMINATED ENVIRONMENT; 5-METHYLCYTOSINE
CONTENT; AMERICAN ALLIGATORS; GLOBAL METHYLATION; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS;
GENE-EXPRESSION; HYPOMETHYLATION; EXPOSURE; FLORIDA
AB Epigenetic modifications are key mediators of the interactions between the environment and an organism's genome. DNA methylation represents the best-studied epigenetic modification to date and is known to play key roles in regulating transcriptional activity and promoting chromosome stability. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated the utility of the American alligator ( Alligator mississippiensis) as a sentinel species to investigate the persistent effects of environmental contaminant exposure on reproductive health. Here, we incorporate a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method to directly measure the total ( global) proportion of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5mdC) in ovarian and whole blood DNA from alligators. Global DNA methylation in ovaries was significantly elevated in comparison with that of whole blood. However, DNA methylation appeared similar in juvenile alligators reared under controlled laboratory conditions but originating from three sites with dissimilar environmental qualities, indicating an absence of detectable site-of-origin effects on persistent levels of global 5mdC content. Analyses of tissues across individuals revealed a surprising lack of correlation between global methylation levels in blood and ovary. In addition, global DNA methylation in blood samples from juvenile alligators was elevated compared with those from adults, suggesting that age, as observed in mammals, may negatively influence global DNA methylation levels in alligators. To our knowledge, this is the first study examining global levels of DNA methylation in the American alligator and provides a reference point for future studies examining the interplay of epigenetics and environmental factors in a long-lived sentinel species.
C1 [Parrott, Benjamin B.; Kohno, Satomi; Cloy-McCoy, Jessica A.; Hale, Matthew D.; Bangma, Jacqueline T.; Rainwater, Thomas R.; Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Parrott, Benjamin B.; Bowden, John A.; Kohno, Satomi; Cloy-McCoy, Jessica A.; Hale, Matthew D.; Bangma, Jacqueline T.; Rainwater, Thomas R.; Kucklick, John R.; Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Bowden, John A.; Kucklick, John R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Charleston, SC USA.
[Rainwater, Thomas R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Wilkinson, Phillip M.] Tom Yawkey Wildlife Ctr, Georgetown, SC 29440 USA.
RP Parrott, BB (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
EM benbparrott@gmail.com
NR 53
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 18
PU BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA EURO HOUSE, 22 APEX COURT WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4JT,
ENGLAND
SN 1470-1626
J9 REPRODUCTION
JI Reproduction
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 147
IS 4
SI SI
BP 503
EP 513
DI 10.1530/REP-13-0498
PG 11
WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology
SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology
GA AE8YA
UT WOS:000334287700018
PM 24398872
ER
PT J
AU Kelly, CN
Peltz, CD
Stanton, M
Rutherford, DW
Rostad, CE
AF Kelly, Charlene N.
Peltz, Christopher D.
Stanton, Mark
Rutherford, David W.
Rostad, Colleen E.
TI Biochar application to hardrock mine tailings: Soil quality, microbial
activity, and toxic element sorption
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY-METALS; BLACK CARBON; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; ORGANIC-MATTER;
SURFACE-CHARGE; AMENDMENTS; RETENTION; CHARCOAL; CADMIUM; PH
AB Waste rock piles from historic mining activities remain unvegetated as a result of metal toxicity and high acidity. Biochar has been proposed as a low-cost remediation strategy to increase soil pH and reduce leaching of toxic elements, and improve plant establishment. In this laboratory column study, biochar made from beetle-killed pine wood was assessed for utility as a soil amendment by mixing soil material from two mine sites collected near Silverton, Colorado, USA with four application rates of biochar (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% vol:vol). Columns were leached seven times over 65 days and leachate pH and concentration of toxic elements and base cations were measured at each leaching. Nutrient availability and soil physical and biological parameters were determined following the incubation period. We investigated the hypotheses that biochar incorporation into acidic mine materials will (1) reduce toxic element concentrations in leaching solution, (2) improve soil parameters (i.e. increase nutrient and water holding capacity and pH, and decrease compaction), and (3) increase microbial populations and activity. Biochar directly increased soil pH (from 3.33 to 3.63 and from 4.07 to 4.77 in the two materials) and organic matter content, and decreased bulk density and extractable salt content in both mine materials, and increased nitrate availability in one material. No changes in microbial population or activity were detected in either mine material upon biochar application. In leachate solution, biochar increased base cations from both materials and reduced the concentrations of Al, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in leachate solution from one material. However, in the material with greater toxic element content, biochar did not reduce concentrations of any measured dissolved toxic elements in leachate and resulted in a potentially detrimental release of Cd and Zn into solution at concentrations above that of the pure mine material. The length of time of effectiveness and specific sorption by biochar is variable by element and the toxic element concentration and acidity of the initial mine material. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Kelly, Charlene N.; Rutherford, David W.; Rostad, Colleen E.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Water Miss Area, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Peltz, Christopher D.] Mt Studies Inst, Silverton, CO 81433 USA.
[Stanton, Mark] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Crustal Imaging Team, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Kelly, CN (reprint author), Western Carolina Univ, Cullowhee, NC 28723 USA.
EM cnkelly@email.wcu.edu
NR 63
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 13
U2 118
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 43
BP 35
EP 48
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.02.003
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE9GX
UT WOS:000334315500004
ER
PT J
AU Levitan, DM
Schreiber, ME
Seal, RR
Bodnar, RJ
Aylor, JG
AF Levitan, Denise M.
Schreiber, Madeline E.
Seal, Robert R., II
Bodnar, Robert J.
Aylor, Joseph G., Jr.
TI Developing protocols for geochemical baseline studies: An example from
the Coles Hill uranium deposit, Virginia, USA
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MASSIVE SULFIDE DEPOSITS; TRACE-METALS; ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY;
BRITISH-COLUMBIA; MISSING VALUES; NATURAL-WATERS; SURFACE WATERS;
ELEMENTS; RIVER; ROCK
AB In this study, we determined baseline geochemical conditions in stream sediments and surface waters surrounding an undeveloped uranium deposit. Emphasis was placed on study design, including site selection to encompass geological variability and temporal sampling to encompass hydrological and climatic variability, in addition to statistical methods for baseline data analysis. The concentrations of most elements in stream sediments were above analytical detection limits, making them amenable to standard statistical analysis. In contrast, some trace elements in surface water had concentrations that were below the respective detection limits, making statistical analysis more challenging. We describe and compare statistical methods appropriate for concentrations that are below detection limits (non-detect data) and conclude that regression on order statistics provided the most rigorous analysis of our results, particularly for trace elements. Elevated concentrations of U and deposit-associated elements (e.g. Ba, Pb, and V) were observed in stream sediments and surface waters downstream of the deposit, but concentrations were below regulatory guidelines for the protection of aquatic ecosystems and for drinking water. Analysis of temporal trends indicated that concentrations of major and trace elements were most strongly related to stream discharge. These findings highlight the need for sampling protocols that will identify and evaluate the temporal and spatial variations in a thorough baseline study. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Levitan, Denise M.; Schreiber, Madeline E.; Bodnar, Robert J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Seal, Robert R., II] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Aylor, Joseph G., Jr.] Virginia Uranium Inc, Chatham, VA 24531 USA.
RP Levitan, DM (reprint author), 4044 Derring Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM dlevitan@vt.edu
RI Schreiber, Madeline/A-5356-2009
OI Schreiber, Madeline/0000-0002-1858-7730
FU Virginia Uranium, Inc.
FX We thank the numerous field and lab assistants from Virginia Tech and
the USGS. Virginia Uranium, Inc. provided partial financial support to
Virginia Tech. VUI and Walter Coles Sr. allowed property access, and
Stewart East provided valuable knowledge about the area. Larry Gough, J.
Donald Rimstidt, Matt Leybourne, and an anonymous reviewer provided
helpful comments on this manuscript. The use of product or trade names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 74
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 43
BP 88
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.02.007
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE9GX
UT WOS:000334315500008
ER
PT J
AU Fellers, GM
AF Fellers, Gary M.
TI Animal taxa named for Rollo H. Beck
SO ARCHIVES OF NATURAL HISTORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Galapagos Islands; South Pacific; Caribbean; becki
AB Rollo Howard Beck (1870-1950) was a professional bird collector who spent most of his career on expeditions to the Channel Islands off southern California, the Galapagos Islands, South America, the South Pacific, and the Caribbean. Some of the expeditions lasted as long as ten years during which time he and his wife, Ida, were often working in primitive conditions on sailing vessels or camps set up on shore. Throughout these expeditions, Beck collected specimens for the California Academy of Sciences, the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology at Berkeley (California), the American Museum of Natural History, and the Walter Rothschild Museum at Tring, England. Beck was one of the premier collectors of his time and his contributions were recognized by having 17 taxa named becki in his honor. Of these taxa, Beck collected 15 of the type specimens.
C1 US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Point Reyes Natl Seashore, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA.
RP Fellers, GM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Point Reyes Natl Seashore, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA.
EM gary_fellers@att.net
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU EDINBURGH UNIV PRESS
PI EDINBURGH
PA 22 GEORGE SQUARE, EDINBURGH EH8 9LF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0260-9541
EI 1755-6260
J9 ARCH NAT HIST
JI Arch. Nat. Hist.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 1
BP 113
EP 123
DI 10.3366/anh.2014.0214
PG 11
WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC History & Philosophy of Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AE0EK
UT WOS:000333636200009
ER
PT J
AU Ennen, JR
Kalis, ME
Patterson, AL
Kreiser, BR
Lovich, JE
Godwin, J
Qualls, CP
AF Ennen, Joshua R.
Kalis, Marley E.
Patterson, Adam L.
Kreiser, Brian R.
Lovich, Jeffrey E.
Godwin, James
Qualls, Carl P.
TI Clinal variation or validation of a subspecies? A case study of the
Graptemys nigrinoda complex (Testudines: Emydidae)
SO BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE morphometrics; plasticity; intradrainage variability
ID SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISM; FRESH-WATER; PSEUDEMYS-CONCINNA; MORPHOLOGICAL
VARIATION; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; MALACLEMYS TERRAPIN; CONSERVATION
POLICY; SHELL MORPHOLOGY; RIVER CONTINUUM; UNITED-STATES
AB Widely distributed species often display intraspecific morphological variation due to the abiotic and biotic gradients experienced across their ranges. Historically, in many vertebrate taxa, such as birds and reptiles, these morphological differences within a species were used to delimit subspecies. Graptemys nigrinoda is an aquatic turtle species endemic to the Mobile Bay Basin. Colour pattern and morphological variability were used to describe a subspecies (G. n. delticola) from the lower reaches of the system, although it and the nominate subspecies also reportedly intergrade over a large portion of the range. Other researchers have suggested that these morphological differences merely reflect clinal variation. Our molecular data (mtDNA) did not support the existence of the subspecies, as the haplotypes were differentiated by only a few base pairs and one haplotype was shared between the putative subspecies. While there were significant morphological and pattern differences among putative specimens of G. n. nigrinoda, G. n. delticola and G. n. nigrinoda x delticola, these differences probably represent clinal variation as they were also related to environmental variables [i.e. cumulative drainage area and drainage (categorical)]. Specimens occupying slow-current, high-turbidity river reaches (e.g. the Tensaw River) exhibited greater relative carapace heights and more dark pigmentation, while specimens occupying fast-current, clearer rivers (e.g. the upper Alabama, Cahaba and Tallapoosa rivers) exhibited lower carapace heights and more yellow pigmentation. Given the absence of clear molecular and morphological differences that are related to drainage characteristics, we suggest that there is not sufficient evidence for the recognition of G. n. delticola as a distinct subspecies. (c) 2014 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 111, 810-822.
C1 [Ennen, Joshua R.] Tennessee Aquarium Conservat Inst, Chattanooga, TN 37402 USA.
[Kalis, Marley E.; Patterson, Adam L.] Maryville Coll, Dept Biol, Maryville, TN 37804 USA.
[Kreiser, Brian R.; Qualls, Carl P.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
[Lovich, Jeffrey E.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Godwin, James] Auburn Univ, Inst Environm, Alabama Nat Heritage Program, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Ennen, JR (reprint author), Tennessee Aquarium Conservat Inst, 201 Chestnut St, Chattanooga, TN 37402 USA.
EM jennen81@gmail.com
OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831
FU Maryville College
FX We would like to thank the following museums for loaning Graptemys
nigrinoda specimens: Auburn University Museum of Natural History and
Learning Center (Craig Guyer and David Laurencio), Carnegie Museum of
Natural History (Stephen Rogers) and University of Alabama Museum of
Natural History (Chris Edge). Also, we would like to thank Jerilyn
Swann, Jake Schaefer, Peter Lindeman and two anonymous reviewers for
comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. Thanks to Maryville
College for funding portions of this project. We would like to thank Bob
Thomson and Greg Pauly for tissue samples. Any use of trade, product or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 63
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0024-4066
EI 1095-8312
J9 BIOL J LINN SOC
JI Biol. J. Linnean Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 4
BP 810
EP 822
DI 10.1111/bij.12234
PG 13
WC Evolutionary Biology
SC Evolutionary Biology
GA AD9QH
UT WOS:000333599100009
ER
PT J
AU Gorelick, DA
Iwanowicz, LR
Hung, AL
Blazer, VS
Halpern, ME
AF Gorelick, Daniel A.
Iwanowicz, Luke R.
Hung, Alice L.
Blazer, Vicki S.
Halpern, Marnie E.
TI Transgenic Zebrafish Reveal Tissue-Specific Differences in Estrogen
Signaling in Response to Environmental Water Samples
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
ID REPORTER GENE ASSAY; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS;
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS; RECEPTOR-ALPHA; CELL-LINE; LIGANDS; BETA;
ANTAGONISTS; POTOMAC
AB BACKGROUND: Environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) are exogenous chemicals that mimic endogenous hormones such as estrogens. Previous studies using a zebrafish transgenic reporter demonstrated that the EEDs bisphenol A and genistein preferentially activate estrogen receptors (ERs) in the larval heart compared with the liver. However, it was not known whether the transgenic zebrafish reporter was sensitive enough to detect estrogens from environmental samples, whether environmental estrogens would exhibit tissue-specific effects similar to those of BPA and genistein, or why some compounds preferentially target receptors in the heart.
METHODS: We tested surface water samples using a transgenic zebrafish reporter with tandem estrogen response elements driving green fluorescent protein expression (5xERE:GFP). Reporter activation was colocalized with tissue-specific expression of ER genes by RNA in situ hybridization.
RESULTS: We observed selective patterns of ER activation in transgenic fish exposed to river water samples from the Mid-Atlantic United States, with several samples preferentially activating receptors in embryonic and larval heart valves. We discovered that tissue specificity in ER activation was due to differences in the expression of ER subtypes. ER alpha was expressed in developing heart valves but not in the liver, whereas ER beta 2 had the opposite profile. Accordingly, subtype-specific ER agonists activated the reporter in either the heart valves or the liver.
CONCLUSION: The use of 5xERE: GFP transgenic zebrafish revealed an unexpected tissue-specific difference in the response to environmentally relevant estrogenic compounds. Exposure to estrogenic EEDs in utero was associated with adverse health effects, with the potentially unanticipated consequence of targeting developing heart valves.
C1 [Gorelick, Daniel A.; Hung, Alice L.; Halpern, Marnie E.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Embryol, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA.
[Iwanowicz, Luke R.; Blazer, Vicki S.] US Geol Survey, Fish Hlth Branch, Kearneysville, WV USA.
RP Gorelick, DA (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, 1670 Univ Blvd,Volker Hall 254, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
EM danielg@uab.edu
OI Iwanowicz, Luke/0000-0002-1197-6178
FU National Institutes of Health National Research Service Award
Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National
Institute of Child Health and Human Development [5F32HD061119-02]; U.S.
Geological Survey Chesapeake Bay Priority Ecosystems program
FX D.A.G. was funded by a National Institutes of Health National Research
Service Award Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
(5F32HD061119-02). Partial funding for the project was provided by the
U.S. Geological Survey Chesapeake Bay Priority Ecosystems program.
NR 40
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 37
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
EI 1552-9924
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 122
IS 4
BP 356
EP 362
DI 10.1289/ehp.1307329
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA AE5ZY
UT WOS:000334069100018
PM 24425189
ER
PT J
AU Ruiz, JA
Hayes, GP
Carrizo, D
Kanamori, H
Socquet, A
Comte, D
AF Ruiz, Javier A.
Hayes, Gavin P.
Carrizo, Daniel
Kanamori, Hiroo
Socquet, Anne
Comte, Diana
TI Seismological analyses of the 2010 March 11, Pichilemu, Chile M-w 7.0
and M-w 6.9 coastal intraplate earthquakes
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Earthquake source observations; Seismicity and tectonics; Continental
margins: convergent
ID STRONG GROUND MOTION; FORE-ARC EXTENSION; NORTHERN CHILE; MAULE
EARTHQUAKE; SOURCE INVERSION; NORMAL FAULTS; CRUSTAL EARTHQUAKE;
SUBDUCTION ZONE; MODEL; DEFORMATION
AB On 2010 March 11, a sequence of large, shallow continental crust earthquakes shook central Chile. Two normal faulting events with magnitudes around M-w 7.0 and M-w 6.9 occurred just 15 min apart, located near the town of Pichilemu. These kinds of large intraplate, inland crustal earthquakes are rare above the Chilean subduction zone, and it is important to better understand their relationship with the 2010 February 27, M-w 8.8, Maule earthquake, which ruptured the adjacent megathrust plate boundary. We present a broad seismological analysis of these earthquakes by using both teleseismic and regional data. We compute seismic moment tensors for both events via a W-phase inversion, and test sensitivities to various inversion parameters in order to assess the stability of the solutions. The first event, at 14 hr 39 min GMT, is well constrained, displaying a fault plane with strike of N145 degrees E, and a preferred dip angle of 55 degrees SW, consistent with the trend of aftershock locations and other published results. Teleseismic finite-fault inversions for this event show a large slip zone along the southern part of the fault, correlating well with the reported spatial density of aftershocks. The second earthquake (14 hr 55 min GMT) appears to have ruptured a fault branching southward from the previous ruptured fault, within the hanging wall of the first event. Modelling seismograms at regional to teleseismic distances (delta > 10 degrees) is quite challenging because the observed seismic wave fields of both events overlap, increasing apparent complexity for the second earthquake. We perform both point- and extended-source inversions at regional and teleseismic distances, assessing model sensitivities resulting from variations in fault orientation, dimension, and hypocentre location. Results show that the focal mechanism for the second event features a steeper dip angle and a strike rotated slightly clockwise with respect to the previous event. This kind of geological fault configuration, with secondary rupture in the hanging wall of a large normal fault, is commonly observed in extensional geological regimes. We propose that both earthquakes form part of a typical normal fault diverging splay, where the secondary fault connects to the main fault at depth. To ascertain more information on the spatial and temporal details of slip for both events, we gathered near-fault seismological and geodetic data. Through forward modelling of near-fault synthetic seismograms we build a kinematic k(-2) earthquake source model with spatially distributed slip on the fault that, to first-order, explains both coseismic static displacement GPS vectors and short-period seismometer observations at the closest sites. As expected, the results for the first event agree with the focal mechanism derived from teleseismic modelling, with a magnitude M-w 6.97. Similarly, near-fault modelling for the second event suggests rupture along a normal fault, M-w 6.90, characterized by a steeper dip angle (dip = 74 degrees) and a strike clockwise rotated (strike = 155 degrees) with respect to the previous event.
C1 [Ruiz, Javier A.; Comte, Diana] Univ Chile, Fac Phys & Math Sci, Dept Geophys, Santiago, Chile.
[Hayes, Gavin P.] US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Golden, CO USA.
[Carrizo, Daniel; Comte, Diana] Univ Chile, Fac Phys & Math Sci, Adv Min Technol Ctr, Santiago, Chile.
[Kanamori, Hiroo] CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Socquet, Anne] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, UMR 5275, ISTerre, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
RP Ruiz, JA (reprint author), Univ Chile, Fac Phys & Math Sci, Dept Geophys, Santiago, Chile.
EM jruiz@dgf.uchile.cl
RI COMTE, DIANA/H-2593-2013; Socquet, Anne/A-5698-2011; Ruiz,
Javier/I-6304-2016
OI Socquet, Anne/0000-0002-9208-7136; Ruiz, Javier/0000-0003-2073-3319
FU Chilean National Science Foundation, FONDECYT Iniciacion [11100134]
FX Some figures were drawn with the software package Generic Mapping Tools
(GMT) v4.5 (Wessel & Smith 1998). Signal processing and some figures
were done using SAC (Goldstein et al. 2003). We thank Carlos Aranda for
discussion about SM-6 4.5 Hz geophones and instrument response. We thank
Dr Luis Rivera for help provided on some W-phase inversions test done.
We thank Dr Bertrand Delouis and one anonymous scientist for their
helpful review and comments that helped us to improve the original
manuscript. We are grateful to Editor for comments and advice. This
study was funded by the Chilean National Science Foundation, FONDECYT
Iniciacion grant number 11100134.
NR 59
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 17
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 197
IS 1
BP 414
EP 434
DI 10.1093/gji/ggt513
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE6JG
UT WOS:000334096600027
ER
PT J
AU Michalak, K
Czesny, S
Epifanio, J
Snyder, RJ
Schultz, ET
Velotta, JP
McCormick, SD
Brown, BL
Santopietro, G
Michalak, P
AF Michalak, Katarzyna
Czesny, Sergiusz
Epifanio, John
Snyder, Randal J.
Schultz, Eric T.
Velotta, Jonathan P.
McCormick, Stephen D.
Brown, Bonnie L.
Santopietro, Graciela
Michalak, Pawel
TI Beta-thymosin gene polymorphism associated with freshwater invasiveness
of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART A-ECOLOGICAL GENETICS AND
PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LAKE-ONTARIO; GREAT-LAKES; MICRORNA; COMMUNITY; FAMILY;
NEOVASCULARIZATION; CONSERVATION; BIOGENESIS; AESTIVALIS; PREDATORS
AB Predicting the success of a species' colonization into a novel environment is routinely considered to be predicated on niche-space similarity and vacancy, as well as propagule pressure. The role genomic variation plays in colonization success (and the interaction with environment) may be suggested, but has not rigorously been documented. To test an hypothesis that previously observed ecotype-specific polymorphisms between anadromous and landlocked alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) populations are an adaptive response to osmoregulatory challenges rather than a result of allele sampling at founding, we examined multiple anadromous and landlocked (colonized) populations for their allelic profiles at a conserved region (3 '-UTR end) of a beta-thymosin gene whose protein product plays a central role in the organization of cytoskeleton. The putatively ancestral beta-thymosin allele was prevalent in anadromous populations, whereas a newly derived allele was overrepresented in landlocked populations; a third allele was exclusive to the anadromous populations. We also conducted a complementary set of salinity exposure experiments to test osmoregulatory performance of the alewife ecotypes in contrasting saline environments. The pattern of variation and results from these challenges indicate a strong association of beta-thymosin with colonization success and a transition from species with an anadromous life history to one with only a freshwater component. J. Exp. Zool. 321A: 233-240, 2014. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Michalak, Katarzyna; Santopietro, Graciela; Michalak, Pawel] Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Czesny, Sergiusz] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Prairie Res Inst, Lake Michigan Biol Stn, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Epifanio, John] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Prairie Res Inst, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Snyder, Randal J.] SUNY Buffalo State, Dept Biol, Buffalo, NY USA.
[Schultz, Eric T.; Velotta, Jonathan P.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT USA.
[McCormick, Stephen D.] USGS, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA USA.
[Brown, Bonnie L.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
RP Michalak, P (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Washington St,MC 0477, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM pawel@vbi.vt.edu
OI Schultz, Eric/0000-0003-4086-7883
FU State of Illinois Department of Natural Resources [CAFWS-74];
Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant Program; Illinois Natural History Survey
FX Grant sponsor: State of Illinois Department of Natural Resources; grant
number: CAFWS-74; grant sponsor: Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant Program;
grant sponsor: Illinois Natural History Survey.
NR 57
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1932-5223
EI 1932-5231
J9 J EXP ZOOL PART A
JI J. Exp. Zool. Part A
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 321
IS 4
BP 233
EP 240
DI 10.1002/jez.1854
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AE4SQ
UT WOS:000333973800006
PM 24482425
ER
PT J
AU Li, N
Deng, J
Yang, LQ
Goldfarb, RJ
Zhang, C
Marsh, E
Lei, SB
Koenig, A
Lowers, H
AF Li, Nan
Deng, Jun
Yang, Li-Qiang
Goldfarb, Richard J.
Zhang, Chuang
Marsh, Erin
Lei, Shi-Bin
Koenig, Alan
Lowers, Heather
TI Paragenesis and geochemistry of ore minerals in the epizonal gold
deposits of the Yangshan gold belt, West Qinling, China
SO MINERALIUM DEPOSITA
LA English
DT Article
DE Orogenic gold; Geochemistry; Pyrite; Yangshan; West Qinling; China
ID BEARING ARSENIAN PYRITE; GANSU PROVINCE; NEW-ZEALAND; DIAGENETIC PYRITE;
SULFIDE DEPOSITS; ALPINE SCHISTS; OROGENIC BELT; QUARTZ VEINS;
CARLIN-TYPE; EVOLUTION
AB Six epizonal gold deposits in the 30-km-long Yangshan gold belt, Gansu Province are estimated to contain more than 300 t of gold at an average grade of 4.76 g/t and thus define one of China's largest gold resources. Detailed paragenetic studies have recognized five stages of sulfide mineral precipitation in the deposits of the belt. Syngenetic/diagenetic pyrite (Py-0) has a framboidal or colloform texture and is disseminated in the metasedimentary host rocks. Early hydrothermal pyrite (Py-1) in quartz veins is disseminated in metasedimentary rocks and dikes and also occurs as semi-massive pyrite aggregates or bedding-parallel pyrite bands in phyllite. The main ore stage pyrite (Py-2) commonly overgrows Py-1 and is typically associated with main ore stage arsenopyrite (Apy(2)). Late ore stage pyrite (Py-3), arsenopyrite (Apy(3)), and stibnite occur in quartz +/- calcite veins or are disseminated in country rocks. Post-ore stage pyrite (Py-4) occurs in quartz +/- calcite veins that cut all earlier formed mineralization. Electron probe microanalyses and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analyses reveal that different generations of sulfides have characteristic of major and trace element patterns, which can be used as a proxy for the distinct hydrothermal events. Syngenetic/diagenetic pyrite has high concentrations of As, Au, Bi, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn. The Py-0 also retains a sedimentary Co/Ni ratio, which is distinct from hydrothermal ore-related pyrite. Early hydrothermal Py-1 has high contents of Ag, As, Au, Bi, Cu, Fe, Sb, and V, and it reflects elevated levels of these elements in the earliest mineralizing metamorphic fluids. The main ore stage Py-2 has a very high content of As (median value of 2.96 wt%) and Au (median value of 47.5 ppm) and slightly elevated Cu, but relatively low values for other trace elements. Arsenic in the main ore stage Py-2 occurs in solid solution. Late ore stage Py-3, formed coevally with stibnite, contains relatively high As (median value of 1.44 wt%), Au, Fe, Mn, Mo, Sb, and Zn and low Bi, Co, Ni, and Pb. The main ore stage Apy(2), compared to late ore stage arsenopyrite, is relatively enriched in As, whereas the later Apy(3) has high concentrations of S, Fe, and Sb, which is consistent with element patterns in associated main and late ore stage pyrite generations. Compared with pyrite from other stages, the post-ore stage Py-4 has relatively low concentrations of Fe and S, whereas As remains elevated (2.05 similar to 3.20 wt%), which could be interpreted by the substitution of As- for S in the pyrite structure. These results suggest that syngenetic/diagenetic pyrite is the main metal source for the Yangshan gold deposits where such pyrite was metamorphosed at depth below presently exposed levels. The ore-forming elements were concentrated into the hydrothermal fluids during metamorphic devolatilization, and subsequently, during extensive fluid-rock interaction at shallower levels, these elements were precipitated via widespread sulfidation during the main ore stage.
C1 [Li, Nan; Deng, Jun; Yang, Li-Qiang; Goldfarb, Richard J.; Zhang, Chuang] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Geol Proc & Mineral Resources, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Goldfarb, Richard J.; Marsh, Erin; Koenig, Alan; Lowers, Heather] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Lei, Shi-Bin] Chinese Armed Police Force, Headquarters Gold Explorat Branch, Beijing 100055, Peoples R China.
RP Deng, J (reprint author), China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Geol Proc & Mineral Resources, 29 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM djun@cugb.edu.cn; goldfarb@usgs.gov
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2009CB421008]; Geological
investigation work project of China Geological Survey [1212011121090];
Program for New Century Excellent Talents [NCET-09-0710]; 111 Project
[B07011]
FX We thank Professor Jean S. Cline of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas,
for her helpful suggestions on earlier drafts of this paper. Thanks are
due to David Adams in the USGS for assistance with the experiments. In
particular, we would like to thank the 12th Gold Detachment of Chinese
People's Armed Police for its cooperation. This research was jointly
supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (no.
2009CB421008), the Geological investigation work project of China
Geological Survey (no. 1212011121090), the Program for New Century
Excellent Talents (no. NCET-09-0710), and the 111 Project (no. B07011).
Comments from the two anonymous reviewers and the editor, Prof. Georges
Beaudoin, are greatly appreciated.
NR 83
TC 17
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 41
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0026-4598
EI 1432-1866
J9 MINER DEPOSITA
JI Miner. Depos.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 49
IS 4
BP 427
EP 449
DI 10.1007/s00126-013-0498-8
PG 23
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA AE8SC
UT WOS:000334271000002
ER
PT J
AU Nowell, LH
Norman, JE
Moran, PW
Martin, JD
Stone, WW
AF Nowell, Lisa H.
Norman, Julia E.
Moran, Patrick W.
Martin, Jeffrey D.
Stone, Wesley W.
TI Pesticide Toxicity Index-A tool for assessing potential toxicity of
pesticide mixtures to freshwater aquatic organisms
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Pesticides; Mixtures; Aquatic toxicity; Water quality; Indicators
ID SEDIMENT QUALITY GUIDELINES; INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; INDEPENDENT
ACTION; CHEMICAL-MIXTURES; ALGAL TOXICITY; ECOSYSTEMS; RISK;
ASSEMBLAGES; CALIFORNIA; STREAMS
AB Pesticide mixtures are common in streams with agricultural or urban influence in the watershed. The Pesticide Toxicity Index (PTI) is a screening tool to assess potential aquatic toxicity of complex pesticide mixtures by combining measures of pesticide exposure and acute toxicity in an additive toxic-unit model. The PTI is determined separately for fish, cladocerans, and benthic invertebrates. This study expands the number of pesticides and degradates included in previous editions of the PTI from 124 to 492 pesticides and degradates, and includes two types of PTI for use in different applications, depending on study objectives. The Median-PTI was calculated from median toxicity values for individual pesticides, so is robust to outliers and is appropriate for comparing relative potential toxicity among samples, sites, or pesticides. The Sensitive-PTI uses the 5th percentile of available toxicity values, so is a more sensitive screening-level indicator of potential toxicity. PTI predictions of toxicity in environmental samples were tested using data aggregated from published field studies that measured pesticide concentrations and toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia in ambient stream water. C. dubia survival was reduced to <= 50% of controls in 44% of samples with Median-PTI values of 0.1-1, and to 0% in 96% of samples with Median-PTI values >1. The PTI is a relative, but quantitative, indicator of potential toxicity that can be used to evaluate relationships between pesticide exposure and biological condition. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Nowell, Lisa H.] US Geol Survey USGS, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Norman, Julia E.] USGS, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Moran, Patrick W.] USGS, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
[Martin, Jeffrey D.; Stone, Wesley W.] USGS, Indianapolis, IN 46278 USA.
RP Nowell, LH (reprint author), US Geol Survey USGS, 6000 J St,Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM lhnowell@usgs.gov; jnorman@usgs.gov; pwmoran@usgs.gov;
jdmartin@usgs.gov; wwstone@usgs.gov
NR 82
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 6
U2 50
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 476
BP 144
EP 157
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.088
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE1ZG
UT WOS:000333772500017
PM 24463251
ER
PT J
AU Mourier, B
Desmet, M
Van Metre, PC
Mahler, BJ
Perrodin, Y
Roux, G
Bedell, JP
Lefevre, I
Babut, M
AF Mourier, Brice
Desmet, Marc
Van Metre, Peter C.
Mahler, Barbara J.
Perrodin, Yves
Roux, Gwenaelle
Bedell, Jean-Philippe
Lefevre, Irene
Babut, Marc
TI Historical records, sources, and spatial trends of PCBs along the Rhone
River (France)
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); Fluvial sediment; Core; Rhone River;
Spatial and temporal trends
ID LAKE-SEDIMENTS; UNITED-STATES; CONTAMINANTS; PERSISTENT
AB Despite bans on PCB use since 1975 (open systems) and 1987 (closed systems), concentrations of PCBs in riverine fish in France continue to exceed regulatory levels. We present historical records of PCB concentrations in sediment cores from eight sites on the Rhone River, from Lake Geneva to the Mediterranean Sea. Maximum PCB concentrations (sum of seven indicator PCBs) increase downstream, from 11.50 mu g/kg at the most upstream site to 417.1 mu g/kg at the most downstream site. At some sites peak concentrations occur in sediment deposited as recently as the 2000s. Hierarchical clustering (five clusters) identified differences in PCB congener profiles within and between sites. Exponential models fit to decadal time windows indicate that rapid reductions in concentrations during about 1990-2000 have slowed, and that it might be decades before target concentrations in sediment that correspond to regulatory thresholds in fish will be reached at some sites. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mourier, Brice; Perrodin, Yves; Roux, Gwenaelle; Bedell, Jean-Philippe] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR Ecol Hydrosyst Nat & Anthropises, F-69518 Vaulx En Velin, France.
[Desmet, Marc] Univ Tours, GeHCO EA 6293, F-37000 Tours, France.
[Van Metre, Peter C.; Mahler, Barbara J.] US Geol Survey, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
[Lefevre, Irene] UVSQ, CNRS, CEA, LSCE,UMR 8212, F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Babut, Marc] Irstea, UR MALY, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France.
RP Mourier, B (reprint author), Univ Limoges, Grp Rech Eau Sol Environm, 123 Ave Albert Thomas, F-87060 Limoges, France.
EM brice.mourier@unilim.fr; marc.desmet@univ-tours.fr; pcvanmet@usgs.gov;
bjmahler@usgs.gov; yves.perrodin@entpe.fr; gwenaelle.roux@entpe.fr;
jeanphilippe.bedell@entpe.fr; irene.lefevre@lsce.ipsl.fr;
marc.babut@irstea.fr
OI Mourier, Brice/0000-0001-8881-7346; Mahler, Barbara/0000-0002-9150-9552;
Van Metre, Peter/0000-0001-7564-9814
FU Rhone-Mediterranean and Corsica Water Agency; Rhone-Alpes Region;
Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur Region; Compagnie Nationale du Rhone (CNR)
FX We thank Guillaume Fantino for providing spatial data and for many
fruitful discussions. We thank the five anonymous reviewers whose
suggestions greatly improved the quality of the manuscript. This project
was funded by the Rhone-Mediterranean and Corsica Water Agency, the
Rhone-Alpes Region, the Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur Region, and the
Compagnie Nationale du Rhone (CNR) in the context of the Observatory of
Rhone Sediments (OSR). These agencies had no role in the study design;
in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing
of the report; nor in the decision to submit the article for
publication. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 32
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 476
BP 568
EP 576
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.026
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE1ZG
UT WOS:000333772500058
PM 24496030
ER
PT J
AU Garcia-Alonso, J
Rodriguez-Sanchez, N
Misra, SK
Valsami-Jones, E
Croteau, MN
Luoma, SN
Rainbow, PS
AF Garcia-Alonso, Javier
Rodriguez-Sanchez, Neus
Misra, Superb K.
Valsami-Jones, Eugenia
Croteau, Marie-Noele
Luoma, Samuel N.
Rainbow, Philip S.
TI Toxicity and accumulation of silver nanoparticles during development of
the marine polychaete Platynereis dumerilii
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Developmental toxicity; Silver nanoparticles; Polychaetes; Trace metals
ID FRESH-WATER INVERTEBRATE; BIOACCUMULATION DYNAMICS; ZEBRAFISH EMBRYOS;
METAL UPTAKE; DANIO-RERIO; ENVIRONMENT; CHEMICALS; NEREIDAE; EXPOSURE;
WORM
AB Pollutants affecting species at the population level generate ecological instability in natural systems. The success of early life stages, such as those of aquatic invertebrates, is highly affected by adverse environmental conditions. Silver released into the environment from emerging nanotechnology represents such a threat. Sediments are sinks for numerous pollutants, which aggregate and/or associate with depositing suspended particles. Deposit feeder such as the annelid Platynereis dumerilii, which has a large associated literature on its development, is an excellent model organism for exposure studies in coastal environments. We exposed eggs, larvae, juveniles and adults of P. dumerilii to various concentrations of citrate (cit-Ag NPs) or humic acid (HA-Ag NPs) capped silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) as well to dissolved Ag (added as AgNO3). We showed that mortality and abnormal development rate increased with younger life stages. While adults and juvenile were the most tolerant life stages, fertilized eggs were highly sensitive to AgNO3, cit-Ag NPs and HA-Ag NPs. Exposures to HA-Ag NPs triggered the highest cute toxicity responses in P. dumerilii and in most cases both Ag NPs were more toxic than AgNO3. Uptake rate of HA-Ag NPs in adult worms was also higher than from other Ag forms, consistent with toxicity to other life stages. The early stages of the life cycle of marine coastal organisms are more affected by Ag NPs than the juvenile or adult life stages, indicating that exposure experiments at the larval level contribute to realistic eco-toxicological studies in aquatic environments. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Garcia-Alonso, Javier; Rodriguez-Sanchez, Neus; Rainbow, Philip S.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England.
[Garcia-Alonso, Javier] Ctr Univ Reg Este, Biodivers Grp, Maldonado, Uruguay.
[Misra, Superb K.; Valsami-Jones, Eugenia] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Earth Sci, London SW7 5BD, England.
[Croteau, Marie-Noele; Luoma, Samuel N.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Luoma, Samuel N.] Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Garcia-Alonso, J (reprint author), Univ Republ, Ctr Univ Reg Este, Biodivers Grp, Burnett St, Maldonado Punta Del Este 20000, Uruguay.
EM jgalonso@cure.edu.uy
RI Valsami-Jones, Eva/I-1736-2016
FU Leverhulme Trust [F/00 696/N]
FX We are grateful to Stanislav Strekopitov (Natural History Museum) for
helping on ICP-MS analysis. This work was funded by The Leverhulme Trust
project grant no F/00 696/N.
NR 25
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 476
BP 688
EP 695
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.039
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE1ZG
UT WOS:000333772500069
PM 24514586
ER
PT J
AU Sokolow, SH
Lafferty, KD
Kuris, AM
AF Sokolow, Susanne H.
Lafferty, Kevin D.
Kuris, Armand M.
TI Regulation of laboratory populations of snails (Biomphalaria and Bulinus
spp.) by river prawns, Macrobrachium spp. (Decapoda, Palaemonidae):
Implications for control of schistosomiasis
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Predation; Biological control; Functional response; Predator;
Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosoma haematobium
ID MIXED INFECTION FOCI; FRESH-WATER SHRIMP; CERCARIAL PRODUCTION;
VOLLENHOVENII HERKLOTS; UROGENITAL SCHISTOSOMIASIS;
AUSTRALORBIS-GLABRATUS; TREMATOCRANUS-PLACODON; CONSTANT TEMPERATURES;
REINFECTION PATTERNS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL
AB Human schistosomiasis is a common parasitic disease endemic in many tropical and subtropical countries. One barrier to achieving long-term control of this disease has been re-infection of treated patients when they swim, bathe, or wade in surface fresh water infested with snails that harbor and release larval parasites. Because some snail species are obligate intermediate hosts of schistosome parasites, removing snails may reduce parasitic larvae in the water, reducing re-infection risk. Here, we evaluate the potential for snail control by predatory freshwater prawns, Macrobrachium rosenbergii and M. vollenhovenii, native to Asia and Africa, respectively. Both prawn species are high value, protein-rich human food commodities, suggesting their cultivation may be beneficial in resource-poor settings where few other disease control options exist. In a series of predation trials in laboratory aquaria, we found both species to be voracious predators of schistosome-susceptible snails, hatchlings, and eggs, even in the presence of alternative food, with sustained average consumption rates of 12% of their body weight per day. Prawns showed a weak preference for Bulinus truncatus over Biomphalaria glabrata snails. Consumption rates were highly predictable based on the ratio of prawn: snail body mass, suggesting satiation-limited predation. Even the smallest prawns tested (0.5-2 g) caused snail recruitment failure, despite high snail fecundity. With the World Health Organization turning attention toward schistosomiasis elimination, native prawn cultivation may be a viable snail control strategy that offers a win-win for public health and economic development. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sokolow, Susanne H.; Kuris, Armand M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol Dept, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Sokolow, SH (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, 20 Oceanview Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
EM ssokolow@stanford.edu
RI Lafferty, Kevin/B-3888-2009
OI Lafferty, Kevin/0000-0001-7583-4593
FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [K08AI082284];
NIAID, NIH under NIH-NIAID Contract [HHSN272201000005I]
FX The authors thank G Galin for assistance with artwork, C Wood and G De
Leo for useful comments on early manuscript drafts, and J Aman, M Lin,
and A Wood for assistance with animal care. SHS was supported by Award
Number K08AI082284 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
Diseases. Snails were provided by the Schistosome Research Reagent
Resource Center for distribution by BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH under
NIH-NIAID Contract No. HHSN272201000005I.
NR 49
TC 11
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
EI 1873-6254
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 132
BP 64
EP 74
DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.12.013
PG 11
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA AE5AV
UT WOS:000334001100009
PM 24388955
ER
PT J
AU Pacifici, K
Zipkin, EF
Collazo, JA
Irizarry, JI
DeWan, A
AF Pacifici, Krishna
Zipkin, Elise F.
Collazo, Jaime A.
Irizarry, Julissa I.
DeWan, Amielle
TI Guidelines for a priori grouping of species in hierarchical community
models
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Biodiversity; community modeling; hierarchical modeling; imperfect
detection; occurrence modeling; species richness
ID OCCUPANCY MODELS; FOREST; RICHNESS; BIRDS; CONSERVATION; RESPONSES;
IMPACTS; TREES; SIZE
AB Recent methodological advances permit the estimation of species richness and occurrences for rare species by linking species-level occurrence models at the community level. The value of such methods is underscored by the ability to examine the influence of landscape heterogeneity on species assemblages at large spatial scales. A salient advantage of community-level approaches is that parameter estimates for data-poor species are more precise as the estimation process borrows from data-rich species. However, this analytical benefit raises a question about the degree to which inferences are dependent on the implicit assumption of relatedness among species. Here, we assess the sensitivity of community/group-level metrics, and individual-level species inferences given various classification schemes for grouping species assemblages using multispecies occurrence models. We explore the implications of these groupings on parameter estimates for avian communities in two ecosystems: tropical forests in Puerto Rico and temperate forests in northeastern United States. We report on the classification performance and extent of variability in occurrence probabilities and species richness estimates that can be observed depending on the classification scheme used. We found estimates of species richness to be most precise and to have the best predictive performance when all of the data were grouped at a single community level. Community/group-level parameters appear to be heavily influenced by the grouping criteria, but were not driven strictly by total number of detections for species. We found different grouping schemes can provide an opportunity to identify unique assemblage responses that would not have been found if all of the species were analyzed together. We suggest three guidelines: (1) classification schemes should be determined based on study objectives; (2) model selection should be used to quantitatively compare different classification approaches; and (3) sensitivity of results to different classification approaches should be assessed. These guidelines should help researchers apply hierarchical community models in the most effective manner.
C1 [Pacifici, Krishna; Irizarry, Julissa I.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Zipkin, Elise F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Collazo, Jaime A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[DeWan, Amielle] RARE Conservat, Arlington, VA 22201 USA.
RP Pacifici, K (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM krishna_pacifici@ncsu.edu
FU North Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Department
of Applied Ecology at North Carolina State University
FX We would like to acknowledge the North Carolina Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit and Department of Applied Ecology at North
Carolina State University for funding support.
NR 51
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 42
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 7
BP 877
EP 888
DI 10.1002/ece3.976
PG 12
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AE2ND
UT WOS:000333809000001
PM 24772267
ER
PT J
AU Yackulic, CB
Yard, MD
Korman, J
Van Haverbeke, DR
AF Yackulic, Charles B.
Yard, Michael D.
Korman, Josh
Van Haverbeke, David R.
TI A quantitative life history of endangered humpback chub that spawn in
the Little Colorado River: variation in movement, growth, and survival
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Dams; fitness trade-offs; Grand Canyon; hydrology; multistate; partial
migration; size-dependent; skip spawning; tributary
ID PARTIAL MIGRATION; GRAND-CANYON; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS;
GILA-CYPHA; POPULATION; FISHES; MODEL; PREDATION; ARIZONA
AB While the ecology and evolution of partial migratory systems (defined broadly to include skip spawning) have been well studied, we are only beginning to understand how partial migratory populations are responding to ongoing environmental change. Environmental change can lead to differences in the fitness of residents and migrants, which could eventually lead to changes in the frequency of the strategies in the overall population. Here, we address questions concerning the life history of the endangered Gila cypha (humpback chub) in the regulated Colorado River and the unregulated tributary and primary spawning area, the Little Colorado River. We develop eight multistate models for the population based on three movement hypotheses, in which states are defined in terms of fish size classes and river locations. We fit these models to mark-recapture data collected in 2009-2012. We compare survival and growth estimates between the Colorado River and Little Colorado River and calculate abundances for all size classes. The best model supports the hypotheses that larger adults spawn more frequently than smaller adults, that there are residents in the spawning grounds, and that juveniles move out of the Little Colorado River in large numbers during the monsoon season (July-September). Monthly survival rates for G.cypha in the Colorado River are higher than in the Little Colorado River in all size classes; however, growth is slower. While the hypothetical life histories of life-long residents in the Little Colorado River and partial migrants spending most of its time in the Colorado River are very different, they lead to roughly similar fitness expectations when we used expected number of spawns as a proxy. However, more research is needed because our study period covers a period of years when conditions in the Colorado River for G.cypha are likely to have been better than has been typical over the last few decades.
C1 [Yackulic, Charles B.; Yard, Michael D.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Korman, Josh] Ecometr Res Inc, Vancouver, BC V6S 1J3, Canada.
[Van Haverbeke, David R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Yackulic, CB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM cyackulic@usgs.gov
FU Bureau of Reclamation; Glen Canyon Adaptive Management Program
FX This work was funded by the Bureau of Reclamation and the Glen Canyon
Adaptive Management Program.
NR 49
TC 14
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 7
BP 1006
EP 1018
DI 10.1002/ece3.990
PG 13
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AE2ND
UT WOS:000333809000012
PM 24772278
ER
PT J
AU Cole, J
Webb, SJ
Finn, CA
AF Cole, Janine
Webb, Susan J.
Finn, Carol A.
TI Gravity models of the Bushveld Complex - Have we come full circle?
SO JOURNAL OF AFRICAN EARTH SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE Bushveld Complex; Gravity modelling; Seismic receiver function
ID SOUTH-AFRICA; EASTERN LIMBS; WESTERN; EMPLACEMENT; CONNECTIVITY;
CONSTRAINTS; INTRUSION; XENOLITHS
AB Gravity models reveal the 3-D extent of the mafic component of the Bushveld Complex, critical for understanding the origin of the world's largest layered mafic intrusion and largest source of platinum-group elements (PGEs). New density information, broadband seismic data, borehole data and geological discoveries have improved the constraints on the gravity modelling. Furthermore, all of the models published up to now have been done in two or 2.5 dimensions which is not well suited to modelling the complex geometry of the Bushveld intrusion. Constrained three dimensional modelling takes into account effects of variations in geometry and geophysical properties of lithologies, providing better fits to the shape and amplitude of calculated fields. Gravity data reveal subsurface density contrasts to great depths and the significant density contrast between the mafic rocks of the Bushveld Complex and the surrounding granites and sediments, as well as contrasts across the crust mantle boundary, make gravity modelling ideal for constraining the 3D geometry of the Bushveld Complex.
The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the effect of the new constraints and use of full three dimensional modelling on gravity models of the Bushveld intrusion. We remodel previously published models using full three dimensional potential field modelling software to test the existing conceptual models in an equally conceptual way. Including the measured thicker crust underneath the Bushveld Complex necessitates the presence of dense material in the central area between the eastern and western lobes. The simplest way to achieve this is to model the Rustenburg Layered Suite as a single connected intrusion. This is similar to the first geometries suggested for the Bushveld Complex. In addition to these findings, variations in the lower crust and mantle densities also contribute to models of this scale and have to be considered. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cole, Janine] Council Geosci, Geophys Unit, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa.
[Cole, Janine; Webb, Susan J.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Geosci, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Finn, Carol A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Cole, J (reprint author), Council Geosci, Geophys Unit, Private Bag X112, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa.
EM jcole@geoscience.org.za; susan.webb@wits.ac.za; cfinn@usgs.gov
NR 46
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1464-343X
EI 1879-1956
J9 J AFR EARTH SCI
JI J. Afr. Earth Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 92
BP 97
EP 118
DI 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.01.012
PG 22
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AE5DX
UT WOS:000334009100009
ER
PT J
AU Rub, AMW
Jepsen, N
Liedtke, TL
Moser, ML
Weber, EPS
AF Rub, A. Michelle Wargo
Jepsen, Niels
Liedtke, Theresa L.
Moser, Mary L.
Weber, E. P. Scott, III
TI Surgical insertion of transmitters and telemetry methods in fisheries
research
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; IMPLANTED RADIO TRANSMITTERS; COMMON
AQUACULTURE COMPOUNDS; DUMMY ACOUSTIC TRANSMITTERS; TROUT
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; ATLANTIC SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER;
SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; BROWN TROUT
C1 [Rub, A. Michelle Wargo; Moser, Mary L.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Jepsen, Niels] Danish Tech Univ, Inst Aquat Resources, Sect Fresh Water Fisheries Ecol, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark.
[Liedtke, Theresa L.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Weber, E. P. Scott, III] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Rub, AMW (reprint author), NOAA, NW Fisheries Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM michelle.rub@noaa.gov
NR 135
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 28
PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC
PI SCHAUMBURG
PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA
SN 0002-9645
EI 1943-5681
J9 AM J VET RES
JI Am. J. Vet. Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 75
IS 4
BP 402
EP 416
PG 15
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AD8VQ
UT WOS:000333544200014
PM 24669927
ER
PT J
AU O'Neil, ST
Warren, JM
Takekawa, JY
De la Cruz, SEW
Cutting, KA
Parker, MW
Yee, JL
AF O'Neil, Shawn T.
Warren, Jeffrey M.
Takekawa, John Y.
De la Cruz, Susan E. W.
Cutting, Kyle A.
Parker, Michael W.
Yee, Julie L.
TI Behavioural cues surpass habitat factors in explaining prebreeding
resource selection by a migratory diving duck
SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR
LA English
DT Article
DE Aythya affinis; Conspecific attraction; Fidelity philopatry; Public
information; Resource utilization function
ID SCAUP AYTHYA-AFFINIS; BREEDING PATCH SELECTION; CONSPECIFIC-ATTRACTION;
PUBLIC INFORMATION; HOME-RANGE; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS;
SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; SOCIAL INFORMATION; RADIO TRANSMITTERS; FEMALE
SURVIVAL
AB Prebreeding habitat selection in birds can often be explained in part by habitat characteristics. However, females may also select habitats on the basis of fidelity to areas of previous reproductive success or use by conspecifics. The relative influences of sociobehavioural attributes versus habitat characteristics in habitat selection has been primarily investigated in songbirds, while less is known about how these factors affect habitat selection processes in migratory waterfowl. Animal resource selection models often exhibit much unexplained variation; spatial patterns driven by social and behavioural characteristics may account for some of this. We radiomarked female lesser scaup, Aythya affinis, in the southwestern extent of their breeding range to explore hypotheses regarding relative roles of habitat quality, site fidelity and conspecific density in prebreeding habitat selection. We used linear mixed-effects models to relate intensity of use within female home ranges to habitat features, distance to areas of reproductive success during the previous breeding season and conspecific density. Home range habitats included shallow water (<= 118 cm), moderate to high densities of flooded emergent vegetation/open water edge and open water areas with submerged aquatic vegetation. Compared with habitat features, conspecific female density and proximity to successful nesting habitats from the previous breeding season had greater influences on habitat use within home ranges. Fidelity and conspecific attraction are behavioural characteristics in some waterfowl species that may exert a greater influence than habitat features in influencing prebreeding space use and habitat selection within home ranges, particularly where quality habitat is abundant. These processes may be of critical importance to a better understanding of habitat selection in breeding birds. (C) 2014 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [O'Neil, Shawn T.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Earth Syst Sci & Policy, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA.
[Warren, Jeffrey M.; Cutting, Kyle A.; Parker, Michael W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Red Rock Lakes Natl Wildlife Refuge, Lima, MT USA.
[Takekawa, John Y.; De la Cruz, Susan E. W.] US Geol Survey, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Vallejo, CA USA.
[Yee, Julie L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA.
RP O'Neil, ST (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Forestry & Wood Prod Bldg,1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
EM stoneil@mtu.edu
OI O'Neil, Shawn/0000-0002-0899-5220
FU Red Rock Lakes NWR; U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Program;
Delta Waterfowl Inc.; U.S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research
Center; University of North Dakota; Michigan Technological University
FX This study was supported by Red Rock Lakes NWR, the U.S. Geological
Survey Science Support Program, Delta Waterfowl Inc. and the U.S.
Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center. Analysis was
supported in part by the University of North Dakota and Michigan
Technological University. We appreciate the assistance of W. Goldenberg,
A. Lawson, S. Bard, E. Cutting, E. Palm, S. Fields, R. Froese, M. Hill,
S. Laguette, B. Rundquist, veterinarians Dr. A. Schomburg, E. Klaphake
and P. Gibbons, and the staff of Red Rock Lakes NWR. The manuscript was
improved by the comments of an anonymous referee. The findings and
conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
The use of trade, product or firm names in this publication is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 93
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 60
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0003-3472
EI 1095-8282
J9 ANIM BEHAV
JI Anim. Behav.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 90
BP 21
EP 29
DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.004
PG 9
WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
GA AE1WD
UT WOS:000333761400006
ER
PT J
AU Gill, RE
Douglas, DC
Handel, CM
Tibbitts, TL
Hufford, G
Piersma, T
AF Gill, Robert E., Jr.
Douglas, David C.
Handel, Colleen M.
Tibbitts, T. Lee
Hufford, Gary
Piersma, Theunis
TI Hemispheric-scale wind selection facilitates bar-tailed godwit
circum-migration of the Pacific
SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR
LA English
DT Article
DE bar-tailed godwit; cognition; endurance migration; flight performance;
Limosa lapponica; optimal altitude; satellite telemetry; wind
selectivity
ID LONG-DISTANCE MIGRATION; EXTRATROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY; BIRD MIGRATION;
RADAR OBSERVATIONS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTH PACIFIC; STOPOVER DECISIONS;
TROPICAL PACIFIC; FLIGHT ALTITUDES; LIMOSA-LAPPONICA
AB The annual 29 000 km long migration of the bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica baueri, around the Pacific Ocean traverses what is arguably the most complex and seasonally structured atmospheric setting on Earth. Faced with marked variation in wind regimes and storm conditions across oceanic migration corridors, individuals must make critical decisions about when and where to fly during nonstop flights of a week's duration or longer. At a minimum, their decisions will affect wind profitability and thus reduce energetic costs of migration; in the extreme, poor decisions or unpredictable weather events will risk survival. We used satellite telemetry to track the annual migration of 24 bar-tailed godwits and analysed their flight performance relative to wind conditions during three major migration legs between nonbreeding grounds in New Zealand and breeding grounds in Alaska. Because flight altitudes of birds en route were unknown, we modelled flight efficiency at six geopotential heights across each migratory segment. Birds selected departure dates when atmospheric conditions conferred the greatest wind assistance both at departure and throughout their flights. This behaviour suggests that there exists a cognitive mechanism, heretofore unknown among migratory birds, that allows godwits to assess changes in weather conditions that are linked (i.e. teleconnected) across widely separated atmospheric regions. Godwits also showed adaptive flexibility in their response not only to cues related to seasonal changes in macrometeorology, such as spatial shifting of storm tracks and temporal periods of cyclogenesis, but also to cues associated with stochastic events, especially at departure sites. Godwits showed limits to their response behaviours, however, especially relative to rapidly developing stochastic events while en route. We found that flight efficiency depended significantly upon altitude and hypothesize that godwits exhibit further adaptive flexibility by varying flight altitude en route to optimize flight efficiency. The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Gill, Robert E., Jr.; Handel, Colleen M.; Tibbitts, T. Lee] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Douglas, David C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Juneau, AK USA.
[Hufford, Gary] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Weather Serv, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Piersma, Theunis] Univ Groningen, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Studies, Chair Global Flyway Ecol, Anim Ecol Grp, Groningen, Netherlands.
[Piersma, Theunis] NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Marine Ecol, Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.
RP Gill, RE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4120 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM rgill@usgs.gov
OI Handel, Colleen/0000-0002-0267-7408
FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX The David and Lucile Packard Foundation, the U.S. Geological Survey and
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service provided funding. S. Senner, N.
Warnock and P. Battley were instrumental in the overall development and
conduct of the study. We thank Microwave Telemetry, Inc., for their
support and technical expertise with satellite telemetry and S. Hermens
for his Alaska-honed piloting skills. For help in the field and in
capturing birds we thank P. Battley, J. Conklin, W. Cook, M. Dementyev,
M. Green, T. Habraken, I. Hutzler, S. Lovibond, B. McCaffery, D.
Melville, J. Melville, A. Riegen, D. Ruthrauff, R. Schuckard, T. Swem,
P. Tomkovich, G. Vaughan, Nils Warnock, Noah Warnock and K. Woodley. The
Miranda Shorebird Centre (K. Woodley), R. Schuckard and D. Melville
hosted the New Zealand portion of the study. In Alaska, the Yukon Delta
National Wildlife Refuge (B. McCaffery) helped with accommodations and
logistics in western Alaska; the Alaska Department of Fish and Game
helped with work on the North Slope. A. Riegen provided information on
godwit longevity and C. Mills shared insights on projected climate
change. We also acknowledge use of ERA-Interim data produced by ECMWF
and obtained from their data server
(http://data-portal.ecmwf.int/data/d/interim_daily/). Any use of trade
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
any institutional affiliation of the authors. Drafts of this
contribution benefitted from comments by D. Ruthrauff, J. Pearce and two
anonymous referees.
NR 110
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 7
U2 79
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0003-3472
EI 1095-8282
J9 ANIM BEHAV
JI Anim. Behav.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 90
BP 117
EP 130
DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.020
PG 14
WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
GA AE1WD
UT WOS:000333761400017
ER
PT J
AU Halstead, BJ
Wylie, GD
Casazza, ML
AF Halstead, B. J.
Wylie, G. D.
Casazza, M. L.
TI Ghost of habitat past: historic habitat affects the contemporary
distribution of giant garter snakes in a modified landscape
SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE occupancy; rice; agriculture; garter snake; Thamnophis; distribution
ID EXTINCTION DEBT; OCCUPANCY; RATES
AB Historic habitat conditions can affect contemporary communities and populations, but most studies of historic habitat are based on the reduction in habitat extent or connectivity. Little is known about the effects of historic habitat on contemporary species distributions when historic habitat has been nearly completely removed, but species persist in a highly altered landscape. More than 93% of the historic wetlands in the Central Valley of California, USA, have been drained and converted to agricultural and other uses, but agricultural wetlands, such as rice and its supporting infrastructure of canals, allow some species to persist. Little is known about the distribution of giant garter snakes Thamnophis gigas, a rare aquatic snake species inhabiting this predominantly agricultural landscape, or the variables that affect where this species occurs. We used occupancy modeling to examine the distribution of giant garter snakes at the landscape scale in the Sacramento Valley (northern portion of the Central Valley) of California, with an emphasis on the relative strength of historic and contemporary variables (landscape-scale habitat, local microhabitat, vegetation composition and relative prey counts) for predicting giant garter snake occurrence. Proximity to historic marsh best explained variation in the probability of occurrence of giant garter snakes at the landscape scale, with greater probability of occurrence near historic marsh. We suspect that the importance of distance to historic marsh represents dispersal limitations of giant garter snakes. These results suggest that preserving and restoring areas near historic marsh, and minimizing activities that reduce the extent of marsh or marsh-like (e.g. rice agriculture, canal) habitats near historic marsh may be advantageous to giant garter snakes.
C1 [Halstead, B. J.; Wylie, G. D.; Casazza, M. L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
RP Halstead, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
EM bhalstead@usgs.gov
OI casazza, Mike/0000-0002-5636-735X
FU California Department of Water Resources
FX We thank the California Department of Water Resources for funding this
study, and the landowners whose cooperation made this research possible.
This paper was greatly improved by comments from C. Brehme, J. Yee and
two anonymous reviewers. We are indebted to P. Gore for administrative
support and the many biologists (J. Ersan, A. Essert, M. Fontana, V.
Johnson, R. Kim, J. Kohl, P. Lien, B. Larsen, A. Olson, D.J. McMoran, M.
Meshriy, S. Murphy, D. Quinn, M. Rochford, J. Sweeney and N. von
Hedemann) who collected the data for this project. Snakes were handled
in accordance with the University of California, Davis, Animal Care and
Use Protocol 9699 and as stipulated in the US Fish and Wildlife Service
Recovery Permit TE-020548-5. Any use of trade, product or firm names in
this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US government.
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1367-9430
EI 1469-1795
J9 ANIM CONSERV
JI Anim. Conserv.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 2
BP 144
EP 153
DI 10.1111/acv.12073
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE1WI
UT WOS:000333762300009
ER
PT J
AU Jing, YL
Zeng, YH
Lin, G
AF Jing, Yueling
Zeng, Yuehua
Lin, Gao
TI High-Frequency Seismogram Envelope Inversion Using a Multiple
Nonisotropic Scattering Model: Application to Aftershocks of the 2008
Wells Earthquake
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER THEORY; ENERGY-TRANSPORT THEORY; TIME WINDOW
ANALYSIS; PERIOD S WAVES; INTRINSIC ATTENUATION; ISOTROPIC SCATTERING;
LOCAL EARTHQUAKES; SEISMIC-WAVES; RANDOM-MEDIA; CODA WAVES
AB In this paper, we use the Sato (1995) nonisotropic scattering formulation to describe an intensity spectral density with a spherical impulse wave radiated from the source. A characteristic source time is introduced to define the initial impulse width. We apply the modified multiple nonisotropic scattering model to analyze velocity seismogram envelopes of the 2008 Wells earthquake in Nevada. A series of scattering patterns is generated by a nonisotropic scattering pattern function. Higher-order spherical functions are included in the expansion of the scattering pattern function so that stronger nonisotropic scattering patterns can be represented. A variety of synthesized envelopes, from backward-dominated, forward-dominated, and isotropic scattering processes, are investigated. By comparing synthesized envelopes with observed data, we found that the backscattering pattern fails to predict the observations of high-frequency S waves, and envelopes from a forward-dominated scattering pattern provide the best fit to the data. Based on these results, we offer a new interpretation for the origination of high-frequency S-coda waves. The broadening effect of the envelope is successfully explained by the process being dominated by forward scattering. For all the aftershocks, the frequency dependence of intrinsic attenuation and scattering attenuation is discussed for frequency bands of 1-2, 2-4, 4-8, and 8-16 Hz. Both types of attenuation decrease when frequency increases, and the intrinsic attenuation dominates over scattering attenuation at higher frequencies.
C1 [Jing, Yueling] Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Hefei 230009, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Zeng, Yuehua] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Lin, Gao] Dalian Univ Technol, Inst Earthquake Engn, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
RP Jing, YL (reprint author), Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Hefei 230009, Anhui, Peoples R China.
EM yuelingjing@gmail.com; zeng@usgs.gov; gaolin@dlut.edu.cn
FU China Scholarship Council; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China [51304057];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Hefei key project construction
administration [2013CGAZ0771]
FX We are grateful to the China Scholarship Council, which supported
Yueling Jing to visit Missouri University of Science and Technology
(MST), and thank Genda Chen of MST, who supports Yueling Jing's studies
at the U.S. Geological Survey in Golden, Colorado. Also, this work has
been supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Number
51304057) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Hefei key project
construction administration (Number 2013CGAZ0771).
NR 46
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 2
BP 823
EP 839
DI 10.1785/0120120334
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE0QU
UT WOS:000333672000015
ER
PT J
AU Pollitz, FF
Burgmann, R
Stein, RS
Sevilgen, V
AF Pollitz, Fred F.
Buergmann, Roland
Stein, Ross S.
Sevilgen, Volkan
TI The Profound Reach of the 11 April 2012 M 8.6 Indian Ocean Earthquake:
Short-Term Global Triggering Followed by a Longer-Term Global Shadow
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SUMATRA EARTHQUAKE; AFTERSHOCKS; FAULT; DEFORMATIONS; SEISMICITY;
MAGNITUDE; MECHANISM; TREMOR
AB The 11 April 2012 M 8.6 Indian Ocean earthquake was an unusually large intraoceanic strike-slip event. For several days, the global M >= 4.5 and M >= 6.5 seismicity rate at remote distances (i.e., thousands of kilometers from the mainshock) was elevated. The strike-slip mainshock appears through its Love waves to have triggered a global burst of strike-slip aftershocks over several days. But the M >= 6.5 rate subsequently dropped to zero for the succeeding 95 days, although the M <= 6.0 global rate was close to background during this period. Such an extended period without an M >= 6.5 event has happened rarely over the past century, and never after a large mainshock. Quiescent periods following previous large (M >= 8) mainshocks over the past century are either much shorter or begin so long after a given mainshock that no physical interpretation is warranted. The 2012 mainshock is unique in terms of both the short-lived global increase and subsequent long quiescent period. We believe that the two components are linked and interpret this pattern as the product of dynamic stressing of a global system of faults. Transient dynamic stresses can encourage shortterm triggering, but, paradoxically, it can also inhibit rupture temporarily until background tectonic loading restores the system to its premainshock stress levels.
C1 [Pollitz, Fred F.; Stein, Ross S.; Sevilgen, Volkan] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Buergmann, Roland] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Pollitz, FF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 36
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 12
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 2
BP 972
EP 984
DI 10.1785/0120130078
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE0QU
UT WOS:000333672000026
ER
PT J
AU Beever, EA
Mattsson, BJ
Germino, MJ
Van Der Burg, MP
Bradford, JB
Brunson, MW
AF Beever, Erik A.
Mattsson, Brady J.
Germino, Matthew J.
Van Der Burg, Max Post
Bradford, John B.
Brunson, Mark W.
TI Successes and Challenges from Formation to Implementation of Eleven
Broad-Extent Conservation Programs
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive management; ecological; social and political uncertainty;
hierarchical scales; learning management objectives and actions;
aprendizaje; escalas jerarquicas; incertidumbre ecologica; social y
politica; manejo adaptativo; objetivos y acciones de manejo
ID ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LANDSCAPE; BIODIVERSITY;
FRAMEWORK; SCALE; OBJECTIVES; NORTHWEST; SERVICES; LESSONS
AB Integration of conservation partnerships across geographic, biological, and administrative boundaries is increasingly relevant because drivers of change, such as climate shifts, transcend these boundaries. We explored successes and challenges of established conservation programs that span multiple watersheds and consider both social and ecological concerns. We asked representatives from a diverse set of 11 broad-extent conservation partnerships in 29 countries 17 questions that pertained to launching and maintaining partnerships for broad-extent conservation, specifying ultimate management objectives, and implementation and learning. Partnerships invested more funds in implementing conservation actions than any other aspect of conservation, and a program's context (geographic extent, United States vs. other countries, developed vs. developing nation) appeared to substantially affect program approach. Despite early successes of these organizations and benefits of broad-extent conservation, specific challenges related to uncertainties in scaling up information and to coordination in the face of diverse partner governance structures, conflicting objectives, and vast uncertainties regarding future system dynamics hindered long-term success, as demonstrated by the focal organizations. Engaging stakeholders, developing conservation measures, and implementing adaptive management were dominant challenges. To inform future research on broad-extent conservation, we considered several challenges when we developed detailed questions, such as what qualities of broad-extent partnerships ensure they complement, integrate, and strengthen, rather than replace, local conservation efforts and which adaptive management processes yield actionable conservation strategies that account explicitly for dynamics and uncertainties regarding multiscale governance, environmental conditions, and knowledge of the system? Exitos y Retos de la Formacion a la Implementacion de Once Programas de Conservacion de Amplio Alcance
Resumen La integracion de alianzas de conservacion a traves de las fronteras geograficas, biologicas y administrativas cada vez es mas relevante porque los conductores del cambio, como alteraciones climaticas, trascienden estas fronteras. Exploramos los exitos y retos de los programas de conservacion establecidos que abarcan cuencas multiples y que consideran preocupaciones tanto sociales como ecologicas. Le hicimos 17 preguntas a representativos de un conjunto diverso de 11 alianzas de conservacion de amplio alcance en 29 paises sobre el lanzamiento y mantenimiento de la alianza para la conservacion de amplio alcance, especificando los objetivos del manejo y la implementacion y el aprendizaje. Las alianzas invirtieron mas fondos en implementar acciones de conservacion que en cualquier otro aspecto de la conservacion, y el contexto del programa (extension geografica, E.U. vs otros paises, pais desarrollado vs pais sub-desarrollado) parecio afectar sustancialmente el acercamiento del programa. A pesar del exito temprano de estas organizaciones y los beneficios de la conservacion de amplio alcance, los retos especificos relacionados a las incertidumbres en la ampliacion de la informacion y a la coordinacion frente a diversas estructuras de gobierno aliadas, objetivos conflictivos y vastas incertidumbres con respecto a dinamicas de sistemas futuros dificultaron el exito a largo plazo como se demostro por las organizaciones focales. Involucrar a las partes interesadas, desarrollar medidas de conservacion e implementar el manejo adaptativo fueron retos dominantes. Para informar a las investigaciones futuras sobre la conservacion de amplio alcance, consideramos varios retos cuando desarrollamos preguntas detalladas, como cuales cualidades de las alianzas de amplio alcance aseguran que complementen, integren y fortifiquen, en lugar de remplazar, esfuerzos locales de conservacion y cuales procesos de manejo adaptativo rinden estrategias de conservacion accionables que respondan explicitamente por las dinamicas e incertidumbres con respecto a una multi-escala de gobernabilidad, condiciones ambientales y conocimiento del sistema.
C1 [Beever, Erik A.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Mattsson, Brady J.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Germino, Matthew J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID USA.
[Van Der Burg, Max Post] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND USA.
[Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Brunson, Mark W.] Utah State Univ, Dept Environm & Soc, Logan, UT USA.
RP Beever, EA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM ebeever@usgs.gov
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011; Mattsson, Brady/K-1688-2015;
OI Mattsson, Brady/0000-0002-3182-9538; Post van der Burg,
Max/0000-0002-3943-4194
NR 38
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 38
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 2
BP 302
EP 314
DI 10.1111/cobi.12233
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AD0KS
UT WOS:000332923500002
PM 24548286
ER
PT J
AU Cole, RA
Choudhury, A
Nico, LG
Griffin, KM
AF Cole, Rebecca A.
Choudhury, Anindo
Nico, Leo G.
Griffin, Kathryn M.
TI Gnathostoma spp. in Live Asian Swamp Eels (Monopterus spp.) from Food
Markets and Wild Populations, United States
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID ANIMAL RELEASE; ALBUS; PARASITES; FISH; SYNBRANCHIDAE; NEMATODA; AMERICA
AB In Southeast Asia, swamp eels (Synbranchidae: Monopterus spp.) are a common source of human gnathostomiasis, a foodborne zoonosis caused by advanced third-Stage larvae (AL3) of Gnathostoma spp. nematodes. Live Asian swamp eels are imported to US ethnic food markets, and wild populations exist in several states. To determine whether these eels are infected, we examined 47 eels from markets and 67 wild-caught specimens. Nematodes were identified by morphologic features and ribosomal intergenic transcribed spacer-2 gene sequencing. Thirteen (27.7%) M. cuchia eels from markets were infected with 36 live G. spinigerum AL3: 21(58.3%) in liver; 7 (19.4%) in muscle; 5 (13.8%) in gastrointestinal tract, and 3 (8.3%) in kidneys. Three (4.5%) wild-caught M. albus eels were infected with 5 G. turgidum AL3 in muscle, and 1 G. lamothei AL3 was found in a kidney (both North American spp.). Imported live eels are a potential source of human gnathostomiasis in the United States.
C1 [Cole, Rebecca A.; Griffin, Kathryn M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Choudhury, Anindo] St Norbert Coll, De Pere, WI 54115 USA.
[Nico, Leo G.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Cole, RA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
FU US Geological Survey, Invasive Species Program
FX This study was funded by US Geological Survey, Invasive Species Program.
All procedures using fish were approved by the Animal Care and Use
Committee of USGS-Southeast Ecologic Science Center.
NR 40
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 14
PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
EI 1080-6059
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 4
BP 634
EP 642
DI 10.3201/eid2004.131566
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA AD8GO
UT WOS:000333504700014
PM 24661441
ER
PT J
AU Knightes, CD
Golden, HE
Journey, CA
Davis, GM
Conrads, PA
Marvin-DiPasquale, M
Brigham, ME
Bradley, PM
AF Knightes, C. D.
Golden, H. E.
Journey, C. A.
Davis, G. M.
Conrads, P. A.
Marvin-DiPasquale, M.
Brigham, M. E.
Bradley, P. M.
TI Mercury and methylmercury stream concentrations in a Coastal Plain
watershed: A multi-scale simulation analysis
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; Exposure; Watershed; Modeling; Scale
ID MASS-BALANCE; METHYL MERCURY; CONSTITUENT LOADS; HILLSLOPE SCALE; MODEL;
FISH; DEPOSITION; LAKE; DYNAMICS; CANADA
AB Mercury is a ubiquitous global environmental toxicant responsible for most US fish advisories. Processes governing mercury concentrations in rivers and streams are not well understood, particularly at multiple spatial scales. We investigate how insights gained from reach-scale mercury data and model simulations can be applied at broader watershed scales using a spatially and temporally explicit watershed hydrology and biogeochemical cycling model, VELMA. We simulate fate and transport using reach-scale (0.1 km(2)) study data and evaluate applications to multiple watershed scales. Reach-scale VELMA parameterization was applied to two nested sub-watersheds (28 km(2) and 25 km(2)) and the encompassing watershed (79 km(2)). Results demonstrate that simulated flow and total mercury concentrations compare reasonably to observations at different scales, but simulated methylmercury concentrations are out-of-phase with observations. These findings suggest that intricacies of methylmerculy biogeochemical cycling and transport are under-represented in VELMA and underscore the complexity of simulating mercury fate and transport. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Knightes, C. D.; Davis, G. M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30324 USA.
[Golden, H. E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Journey, C. A.; Conrads, P. A.; Bradley, P. M.] US Geol Survey, South Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC USA.
[Marvin-DiPasquale, M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Brigham, M. E.] US Geol Survey, Mounds View, MN USA.
RP Knightes, CD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30324 USA.
EM Knightes.Chris@epa.gov
OI Brigham, Mark/0000-0001-7412-6800
NR 78
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 187
BP 182
EP 192
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.12.026
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AD8BN
UT WOS:000333491600023
PM 24514076
ER
PT J
AU Beals, C
Byl, T
AF Beals, Christopher
Byl, Thomas
TI Chemiluminescent examination of abiotic oxidative stress of watercress
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Watercress; Oxidase; Chemiluminescence; Peroxidase; Bioassay
ID CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; TOXICITY; CADMIUM; PLANTS;
GROWTH; L.; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; ACCUMULATION; SATIVA
AB Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) is an aquatic plant that readily bioaccumulates heavy metals that may be found in contaminated aquatic systems. Toxic effects of contaminants on the physiological processes cause changes in oxidase enzymatic activity in watercress, which can be measured with a luminometer. The luminometer uses the reaction produced when peroxidases break down hydrogen peroxide into water and an oxygen radical. The resulting oxyradical binds to and oxidizes phenolic groups, producing a measureable luminescent reaction. Nasturtium officinale plants were exposed to 3 different concentrations of heavy metals, including lead, nickel, copper, and manganese for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. Aquatic exposure to the 4 heavy metals caused a significant increase in oxidative enzyme production. Fluorometric and morphometric measurements were also conducted to compare plant stress with the oxidative enzyme analyses. Fluorometric measurements performed on plants stressed by exposure to heavy metals revealed no significant decreases in photosystem II efficiency. Morphometric measurements of root length showed decreased root growth resulting from exposures to Ni, Cu, and Mn. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:798-803. (c) 2013 SETAC
C1 [Beals, Christopher; Byl, Thomas] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Engn, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
[Byl, Thomas] US Geol Survey, Nashville, TN USA.
RP Beals, C (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Coll Engn, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
EM christopher.beals@volstate.edu
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 4
BP 798
EP 803
DI 10.1002/etc.2484
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AD8TO
UT WOS:000333538700010
PM 24306856
ER
PT J
AU Zenobio, JE
Sanchez, BC
Archuleta, LC
Sepulveda, MS
AF Zenobio, Jenny E.
Sanchez, Brian C.
Archuleta, Laura C.
Sepulveda, Maria S.
TI Effects of triclocarban, N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, and a mixture of
pharmaceuticals and personal care products on fathead minnows
(Pimephales promelas)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pharmaceutical; Triclocarban; Endocrine disrupting chemicals;
N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; MEDAKA ORYZIAS-LATIPES; INSECT REPELLENT
DEET; WASTE-WATER; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; SURFACE WATERS; RAINBOW-TROUT;
LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR; RIVER ESTUARY
AB Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been detected widely in aquatic ecosystems, but little is known about their mechanisms of toxicity. We exposed adult fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) for 48 h to triclocarban (1.4 mu g/L), N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET; 0.6 mu g/L), or a mixture of PPCPs consisting of atenolol (1.5 mu g/L), caffeine (0.25 mu g/L), diphenhydramine (0.1 mu g/L), gemfibrozil (1.5 mu g/L), ibuprofen (0.4 mu g/L), naproxen (1.6 mu g/L), triclosan (2.3 mu g/L), progesterone (0.2 mu g/L), triclocarban (1.4 mu g/L), and DEET (0.6 mu g/L). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed an upregulation in vitellogenin (vtg) in livers of females and males exposed to triclocarban. Also, an upregulation of hepatic lipoprotein lipase (lpl) and a downregulation of androgen receptor (ar) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star) were observed in testes. The group treated with DEET only showed a significant decrease in ar in females. In contrast, the PPCP mixture downregulated vtg in females and males and expression of estrogen receptor alpha (er alpha), star, and thyroid hormone receptor alpha 1 (thra1) in testes. The authors' results show that the molecular estrogenic effects of triclocarban are eliminated (males) or reversed (females) when dosed in conjunction with several other PPCP, once again demonstrating that results from single exposures could be vastly different from those observed with mixtures. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:910-919. (c) 2013 SETAC
C1 [Zenobio, Jenny E.] Purdue Univ, Ecol Sci & Engn Program, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Zenobio, Jenny E.; Sepulveda, Maria S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Sanchez, Brian C.; Archuleta, Laura C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Environm Contaminants Program, Lakewood, CO USA.
RP Sepulveda, MS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM mssepulv@purdue.edu
RI Sepulveda, Maria/P-3598-2014
FU USFWS [60181]
FX We thank the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 8 Laboratory
(Golden, CO, USA) for assistance in chemical analyses of pharmaceuticals
and personal care products. We also thank L. Jauregui for his help with
fish dissections and C. Mahapatra for her help with gene expression
analyses. This work was funded by the USFWS Agreement Number 60181.
NR 69
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 97
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 4
BP 910
EP 919
DI 10.1002/etc.2511
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AD8TO
UT WOS:000333538700022
PM 24375658
ER
PT J
AU Smith, WE
Kwak, TJ
AF Smith, W. E.
Kwak, T. J.
TI A capture-recapture model of amphidromous fish dispersal
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Caribbean; migration; passive integrated transponder; telemetry;
diadromy
ID PASSIVE INTEGRATED TRANSPONDERS; PUERTO-RICO; AGONOSTOMUS-MONTICOLA;
SURGICAL IMPLANTATION; REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; ELEOTRID FISHES;
CONSERVATION; RETENTION; MORTALITY; MIGRATION
AB Adult movement scale was quantified for two tropical Caribbean diadromous fishes, bigmouth sleeper Gobiomorus dormitor and mountain mullet Agonostomus monticola, using passive integrated transponders (PITs) and radio-telemetry. Large numbers of fishes were tagged in Rio Mameyes, Puerto Rico, U.S.A., with PITs and monitored at three fixed locations over a 2 center dot 5 year period to estimate transition probabilities between upper and lower elevations and survival probabilities with a multistate Cormack-Jolly-Seber model. A sub-set of fishes were tagged with radio-transmitters and tracked at weekly intervals to estimate fine-scale dispersal. Changes in spatial and temporal distributions of tagged fishes indicated that neither G. dormitor nor A. monticola moved into the lowest, estuarine reaches of Rio Mameyes during two consecutive reproductive periods, thus demonstrating that both species follow an amphidromous, rather than catadromous, migratory strategy. Further, both species were relatively sedentary, with restricted linear ranges. While substantial dispersal of these species occurs at the larval stage during recruitment to fresh water, the results indicate minimal dispersal in spawning adults. Successful conservation of diadromous fauna on tropical islands requires management at both broad basin and localized spatial scales.
C1 [Smith, W. E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Kwak, T. J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Smith, WE (reprint author), North Carolina Div Marine Fisheries, 3441 Arendell St, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
EM wes2316@gmail.com
FU Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources through
Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Funds [F-50]; North Carolina State
University, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, U.S.
Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Wildlife
Management Institute
FX This research was funded by grants from the Puerto Rico Department of
Natural and Environmental Resources through Federal Aid in Sport Fish
Restoration Funds (Project F-50). J. B. Diaz, M. G. Bermudez, C.
Lilyestrom, P. Cooney, W. Moore, B. Dooley, P. Epperly, P. Lung and T.
Sherard assisted with administration, logistics and field work. This
work benefited from comments and manuscript reviews by J. Flowers, J.
Gilliam, K. Gross, J. Hightower, C. Lilyestrom and J. Raabe. The North
Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
supported by North Carolina State University, North Carolina Wildlife
Resources Commission, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service and Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, product or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 84
IS 4
BP 897
EP 912
DI 10.1111/jfb.12316
PG 16
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AE0JZ
UT WOS:000333652100004
PM 24673127
ER
PT J
AU Smith, WE
Kwak, TJ
AF Smith, W. E.
Kwak, T. J.
TI Otolith microchemistry of tropical diadromous fishes: spatial and
migratory dynamics
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE partial migration; migratory diversity; Gobiidae; Caribbean; amphidromy;
semi-amphidromous
ID SHAD ALOSA-SAPIDISSIMA; PUERTO-RICO; AMERICAN SHAD; ENVIRONMENTAL
HISTORIES; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ELEOTRID FISHES;
MARINE FISHES; LIFE-CYCLES; STRONTIUM
AB Otolith microchemistry was applied to quantify migratory variation and the proportion of native Caribbean stream fishes that undergo full or partial marine migration. Strontium and barium water chemistry in four Puerto Rico, U.S.A., rivers was clearly related to a salinity gradient; however, variation in water barium, and thus fish otoliths, was also dependent on river basin. Strontium was the most accurate index of longitudinal migration in tropical diadromous fish otoliths. Among the four species examined, bigmouth sleeper Gobiomorus dormitor, mountain mullet Agonostomus monticola, sirajo goby Sicydium spp. and river goby Awaous banana, most individuals were fully amphidromous, but 9-12% were semi-amphidromous as recruits, having never experienced marine or estuarine conditions in early life stages and showing no evidence of marine elemental signatures in their otolith core. Populations of one species, G. dormitor, may have contained a small contingent of semi-amphidromous adults, migratory individuals that periodically occupied marine or estuarine habitats (4%); however, adult migratory elemental signatures may have been confounded with those related to diet and physiology. These findings indicate the plasticity of migratory strategies of tropical diadromous fishes, which may be more variable than simple categorization might suggest.
C1 [Smith, W. E.] N Carolina State Univ, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Kwak, T. J.] N Carolina State Univ, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Appl Ecol, US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Smith, WE (reprint author), North Carolina Div Marine Fisheries, 3441 Arendell St, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
EM wes2316@gmail.com
FU Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources through
Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Funds [F-50]; North Carolina State
University, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, U.S.
Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Wildlife
Management Institute
FX This research was funded by grants from the Puerto Rico Department of
Natural and Environmental Resources through Federal Aid in Sport Fish
Restoration Funds (Project F-50). J. B. Diaz, A. P. Valentin, M. G.
Bermudez, C. Lilyestrom, P. Cooney, E. Buttermore, W. Moore, B. Black,
E. Wilcox-Freeburg, R. Hannigan, T. Jackson, P. Lung and A. Sceusa
assisted with administration, logistics and field and laboratory work.
This work benefited from comments and manuscript reviews by A. Engman,
J. Flowers, J. Raabe, E. Wilcox-Freeburg, J. Gilliam, K. Gross, J.
Hightower, C. Lilyestrom and two anonymous reviewers. All otolith
microchemistry and water chemistry analyses were completed in the GeoMed
Analytical Laboratory, directed by R. Hannigan at the University of
Massachusetts, Boston, U.S.A., and R. Hannigan and E. Wilcox-Freeburg
provided valuable guidance on analytical procedures. The North Carolina
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by
North Carolina State University, North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, product or firm names
is for descriptive purpose only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 59
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 49
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 84
IS 4
BP 913
EP 928
DI 10.1111/jfb.12317
PG 16
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AE0JZ
UT WOS:000333652100005
PM 24673161
ER
PT J
AU Turek, KC
Pegg, MA
Pope, KL
AF Turek, K. C.
Pegg, M. A.
Pope, K. L.
TI Short-term evaluation of visible implant alpha tags in juveniles of
three fish species under laboratory conditions
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE tagging; retention; mortality; condition; readability
ID HATCHERY RAINBOW-TROUT; BROWN TROUT; BROOK TROUT; RETENTION; GROWTH
AB Visible implant alpha (VI alpha) tag-induced changes in mortality and condition, as well as tag retention and readability, were examined during a 4-week period for juveniles of three fish species: tiger muskellunge Esox masquinongy x Esox lucius (91 +/- 7 mm total length, L-T, mean +/- s.d.), Snake River cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki behnkei (84 +/- 8 mm) and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (85 +/- 5 mm). Mortality and condition did not differ between tagged fish and control fish for any species and overall tag retention rates were high (92% for E. masquinongy x E. lucius, 91% for O. c. behnkei and 100% for O. mykiss). Short-term readability of VI alpha tags was low in juvenile E. masquinongy x E. lucius and juvenile O. c. behnkei. Therefore, it is not recommend to use VI alpha tags in juvenile E. masquinongy x E. lucius or juvenile O. c. behnkei for periods >2 weeks, but VI alpha tags seem to be suitable for juvenile O. mykiss for a period of at least 4 weeks.
C1 [Turek, K. C.; Pegg, M. A.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Turek, K. C.] Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Pope, K. L.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Turek, KC (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, 013 Hardin Hall 3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM kturek@huskers.unl.edu
RI Pope, Kevin/D-8096-2011
OI Pope, Kevin/0000-0003-1876-1687
FU Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration [F-192-R]; U.S. Geological Survey,
the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska, the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Wildlife Management Institute
FX The authors thank G. Steinhart and two anonymous reviewers for reviewing
earlier drafts of this manuscript. They also thank D. Rosenthal, staff
of Calamus State Fish Hatchery, staff of Grove Trout Rearing Station and
staff of the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission Southeast District for
fishes and assistance in transporting fishes. They also thank
technicians and fellow graduate students who assisted with all aspects
of the project. This project was funded by Federal Aid in Sport Fish
Restoration F-192-R administered by the Nebraska Game and Parks
Commission. The use of trade names or products does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Government. All methods were in accordance with
the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee protocol #780. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement among the
U.S. Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the
University of Nebraska, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the
Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 84
IS 4
BP 971
EP 981
DI 10.1111/jfb.12338
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AE0JZ
UT WOS:000333652100009
PM 24689672
ER
PT J
AU Work, TM
Aeby, GS
AF Work, T. M.
Aeby, G. S.
TI Skin pathology in Hawaiian goldring surgeonfish, Ctenochaetus strigosus
(Bennett)
SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE iridophoroma; neoplasia; histology; melanophoroma; goldring surgeonfish;
chromatophoroma
ID DAMSELFISH POMACENTRUS-PARTITUS; BICOLOR DAMSELFISH; FISH;
NEUROFIBROMATOSIS; CHROMATOPHOROMAS; INDUCTION; NEOPLASMS; ATLANTIC;
SEBASTES; LESIONS
AB Twenty-eight goldring surgeonfish, Ctenochaetus strigosus (Bennett), manifesting skin lesions and originating from the north-western and main Hawaiian Islands were examined. Skin lesions were amorphous and ranged from simple dark or light discolouration to multicoloured tan to white sessile masses with an undulant surface. Skin lesions covered 2-66% of the fish surface, and there was no predilection for lesions affecting a particular part of the fish. Males appeared over-represented. Microscopy revealed the skin lesions to be hyperplasia, melanophoromas or iridophoromas. The presence of skin tumours in a relatively unspoiled area of Hawaii is intriguing. Explaining their distribution, cause and impact on survivorship of fish all merit further study because C.strigosus is an economically important fish in the region.
C1 [Work, T. M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu Field Stn, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
[Work, T. M.; Aeby, G. S.] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI USA.
RP Work, TM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu Field Stn, POB 50167, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
EM thierry_work@usgs.gov
RI Work, Thierry/F-1550-2015
OI Work, Thierry/0000-0002-4426-9090
NR 25
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0140-7775
EI 1365-2761
J9 J FISH DIS
JI J. Fish Dis.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 37
IS 4
BP 357
EP 362
DI 10.1111/jfd.12112
PG 6
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA AD6KC
UT WOS:000333367800022
PM 23617760
ER
PT J
AU Schumaker, NH
Brookes, A
Dunk, JR
Woodbridge, B
Heinrichs, JA
Lawler, JJ
Carroll, C
LaPlante, D
AF Schumaker, Nathan H.
Brookes, Allen
Dunk, Jeffrey R.
Woodbridge, Brian
Heinrichs, Julie A.
Lawler, Joshua J.
Carroll, Carlos
LaPlante, David
TI Mapping sources, sinks, and connectivity using a simulation model of
northern spotted owls
SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE HexSim; Habitat connectivity; Net flux; Population viability analysis
ID EXPLICIT POPULATION-MODELS; LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY; GRAPH-THEORY;
CONSERVATION; DISPERSAL; HABITAT; BIOLOGY; ECOLOGY; MATRIX
AB Source-sink dynamics are an emergent property of complex species-landscape interactions. A better understanding of how human activities affect source-sink dynamics has the potential to inform and improve the management of species of conservation concern. Here we use a study of the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) to introduce new methods for quantifying source-sink dynamics that simultaneously describe the population-wide consequences of changes to landscape connectivity. Our spotted owl model is mechanistic, spatially-explicit, individual-based, and incorporates competition with barred owls (Strix varia). Our observations of spotted owl source-sink dynamics could not have been inferred solely from habitat quality, and were sensitive to landscape connectivity and the spatial sampling schemes employed by the model. We conclude that a clear understanding of source-sink dynamics can best be obtained from sampling simultaneously at multiple spatial scales. Our methodology is general, can be readily adapted to other systems, and will work with population models ranging from simple and low-parameter to complex and data-intensive.
C1 [Schumaker, Nathan H.; Brookes, Allen] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Dunk, Jeffrey R.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Woodbridge, Brian] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Yreka Fish & Wildlife Off, Yreka, CA 96097 USA.
[Heinrichs, Julie A.; Lawler, Joshua J.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Carroll, Carlos] Klamath Ctr Conservat Res, Orleans, CA 95556 USA.
[LaPlante, David] Nat Resources Geospatial, Montague, CA 96064 USA.
RP Schumaker, NH (reprint author), US EPA, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM nathan.schumaker@gmail.com
RI Heinrichs, Julie/D-2927-2016
OI Heinrichs, Julie/0000-0001-7733-5034
FU USFWS [134250BJ151, F12AC01135]; Strategic Environmental Research and
Development Program [RC-1541, RC-2120]; U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency
FX Our NSO simulation model could not have been developed without the
invaluable assistance generously provided by Robert Anthony, Katie
Dugger, Paul Henson, Brendon White, and Betsy Glenn. We are indebted to
Robert Schooley, Barry Noon, and an anonymous reviewer for many detailed
suggestions that greatly improved the manuscript. This work was
supported in part by USFWS Agreements 134250BJ151 and F12AC01135 to JRD,
and grants RC-1541 and RC-2120 to JL from the Strategic Environmental
Research and Development Program. The information in this document has
been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has
been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental
Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for
publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the
views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial
products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
NR 41
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 76
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2973
EI 1572-9761
J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL
JI Landsc. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 4
BP 579
EP 592
DI 10.1007/s10980-014-0004-4
PG 14
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA AD8RR
UT WOS:000333533800003
ER
PT J
AU Sutherland, BJG
Hanson, KC
Jantzen, JR
Koop, BF
Smith, CT
AF Sutherland, Ben J. G.
Hanson, Kyle C.
Jantzen, Johanna R.
Koop, Ben F.
Smith, Christian T.
TI Divergent immunity and energetic programs in the gills of migratory and
resident Oncorhynchus mykiss
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE migration; ecological genomics; transcriptomics; immunity; steelhead;
smoltification
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; PARR-SMOLT TRANSFORMATION; LICE
LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS; CHARR SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; CALCIUM-BINDING
PROTEINS; EARLY SEXUAL-MATURATION; K+ ATPASE ACTIVITY; ATLANTIC SALMON;
CHINOOK SALMON; STEELHEAD TROUT
AB Divergent life history strategies occur in steelhead or rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, and many populations produce both migrant (anadromous fish that move to the ocean after rearing) and resident (do not migrate and remain in fresh water) individuals. Mechanisms leading to each type are only partially understood; while the general tendency of a population is heritable, individual tendency may be plastic, influenced by local environment. Steelhead hatchery programmes aim to mitigate losses in wild stocks by producing trout that will migrate to the ocean and not compete with wild trout for limited freshwater resources. To increase our understanding of gill function in these migratory or resident phenotypes, here we compare gill transcriptome profiles of hatchery-released fish either at the release site (residents) or five river kilometres downstream while still in full fresh water (migrants). To test whether any of these genes can be used as predictive markers for smoltification, we compared these genes between migrant-like and undifferentiated trout while still in the hatchery in a common environment (prerelease). Results confirmed the gradual process of smoltification, and the importance of energetics, gill remodelling and ion transport capacity for migrants. Additionally, residents overexpressed transcripts involved in antiviral defences, potentially for immune surveillance via dendritic cells in the gills. The best smoltification marker candidate was protein s100a4, expression of which was highly correlated with Na+, K+ ATPase (NKA) activity and smolt-like morphology in pre- and postrelease trout gills.
C1 [Sutherland, Ben J. G.; Jantzen, Johanna R.; Koop, Ben F.] Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Ctr Biomed Res, Victoria, BC V8W 3N5, Canada.
[Hanson, Kyle C.; Smith, Christian T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
RP Smith, CT (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
EM christian_smith@fws.gov
RI Koop, Ben/A-8151-2008;
OI Koop, Ben/0000-0003-0045-5200; Sutherland, Ben/0000-0002-2029-9893
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region; NSERC CGS fellowship
FX Steelhead were raised at Abernathy Fish Technology Center by John Holmes
and Jeff McLaren. The rotary screwtrap at the mouth of Abernathy Creek
was operated by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. Brittany
Balbag, Richard Glenn, Ben Kennedy and Will Simpson assisted with sample
collection. DNA extraction and OmyY1 genotyping were performed by
Jennifer VonBargen. Denise Hawkins provided helpful suggestions
regarding study design. This work was funded by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service Pacific Region. BJGS was funded by an NSERC CGS
fellowship. The authors are grateful to Patricia Crandell and four
anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this
manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service.
NR 71
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
EI 1365-294X
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 8
BP 1952
EP 1964
DI 10.1111/mec.12713
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA AE3DW
UT WOS:000333858200006
PM 24612010
ER
PT J
AU Beyhaut, E
Larson, DL
Allan, DL
Graham, PH
AF Beyhaut, Elena
Larson, Diane L.
Allan, Deborah L.
Graham, Peter H.
TI Legumes in prairie restoration: evidence for wide cross-nodulation and
improved inoculant delivery
SO PLANT AND SOIL
LA English
DT Article
DE Prairie legumes; Restoration; Rhizobia; Inoculation
ID OLD-FIELD SUCCESSION; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; SYMBIOTIC PERFORMANCE;
INTRODUCED RHIZOBIA; SOIL; MINNESOTA; ECOSYSTEMS; SEQUENCE; STRAINS;
REGION
AB Prairie restoration aims to create self-sustaining, resilient prairies that ameliorate biodiversity loss and soil deterioration associated with conversion of native grasslands to agriculture. Legumes are a key component of the nitrogen-limited prairie ecosystem. Evidence suggests that lack of suitable rhizobia may explain legume absence from restored prairies. This study explores effects of novel alternative inoculant delivery methods on: (a) prairie legume establishment, (b) soil biological properties, and (c) inoculant strain ability to nodulate the host over time.
Alternative inoculation methods for seven legume species were tested in a replicated field experiment. Legume establishment, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, and rhizobial inoculant strain recovery were measured over a 3-year period.
Legume species richness in the second growing season was enhanced by a soil-applied granular clay inoculant, while seed-applied powdered peat inoculation was generally ineffective. When Dalea rhizobia were recovered 3-year after planting, only 2 % from the seed-applied inoculation treatment identified with the inoculant strains, whereas this amount ranged from 53 to 100 % in the other inoculation treatments. Some legumes established unexpectedly effective symbioses with strains not originally intended for them.
Results provide new insights on inoculation of native legumes, especially when a mix of seeds is involved and the restoration targets harsh environments.
C1 [Beyhaut, Elena] INIA, Canelones, Uruguay.
[Larson, Diane L.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, St Paul, MN USA.
[Allan, Deborah L.; Graham, Peter H.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Beyhaut, E (reprint author), INIA, Ruta 48,Km 10, Canelones, Uruguay.
EM ebeyhaut@inia.org.uy; dlarson@usgs.gov; dallan@umn.edu
OI Larson, Diane/0000-0001-5202-0634
FU Minnesota Department of Transportation (MNDOT) [MN/RC 2008-48]
FX This research was made possible by the financial support of the
Minnesota Department of Transportation (MNDOT) Grant MN/RC 2008-48, to
which we express our gratitude. Peter Graham was a key contributor to
this study, now published in honor to his memory. The first author
thanks the generous technical assistance of Becki Tlusty, a major help
for several years. The thorough and helpful review by Heather Reynolds
is also acknowledged, as are helpful comments by three anonymous
reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 53
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 38
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0032-079X
EI 1573-5036
J9 PLANT SOIL
JI Plant Soil
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 377
IS 1-2
BP 245
EP 258
DI 10.1007/s11104-013-1999-z
PG 14
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA AD9WF
UT WOS:000333614600017
ER
PT J
AU Howarth, RW
Hayn, M
Marino, RM
Ganju, N
Foreman, K
McGlathery, K
Giblin, AE
Berg, P
Walker, JD
AF Howarth, Robert W.
Hayn, Melanie
Marino, Roxanne M.
Ganju, Neil
Foreman, Kenneth
McGlathery, Karen
Giblin, Anne E.
Berg, Peter
Walker, Jeffrey D.
TI Metabolism of a nitrogen-enriched coastal marine lagoon during the
summertime
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Seagrass; Eutrophication; Nitrogen pollution; Gross primary production;
Net ecosystem production; Estuary; Lagoon; Nutrient limitation; Nitrogen
limitation
ID NET ECOSYSTEM METABOLISM; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; TEMPERATE ESTUARIES;
ATMOSPHERIC OXYGEN; RANDERS-FJORD; GAS-EXCHANGE; US ESTUARIES;
FRESH-WATER; SHALLOW; EUTROPHICATION
AB We measured metabolism rates in a shallow, nitrogen-enriched coastal marine ecosystem on Cape Cod (MA, USA) during seven summers using an open-water diel oxygen method. We compared two basins, one directly receiving most of the nitrogen (N) load ("Snug Harbor") and another further removed from the N load and better flushed ("Outer Harbor"). Both dissolved oxygen and pH varied greatly over the day, increasing in daylight and decreasing at night. The more N-enriched basin frequently went hypoxic during the night, and the pH in both basins was low (compared to standard seawater) when the oxygen levels were low, due to elevated carbon dioxide. Day-to-day variation in gross primary production (GPP) was high and linked in part to variation in light. Whole-ecosystem respiration tended to track this short-term variation in GPP, suggesting that respiration by the primary producers often dominated whole-system respiration. GPP was higher in the more N-loaded Snug Harbor. Seagrasses covered over 60 % of the area of the better-flushed, Outer Harbor throughout our study and were the major contributors to GPP there. Seagrasses covered 20 % of the area in Snug Harbor for the first 5 years of our study, and their contribution to GPP was relatively small. The seagrasses in Snug Harbor died off completely in the 6th year, but GPP remained high then and in the subsequent year. Overall, rates of phytoplankton GPP were relatively low, suggesting that benthic micro- and macro-algae may be the dominant primary producers in Snug Harbor in most years. Net ecosystem production in both Snug Harbor and the Outer Harbor was variable from year to year, showing net heterotrophy in some years and net autotrophy in others, with a trend towards increasing autotrophy over the 7 years reported here.
C1 [Howarth, Robert W.; Hayn, Melanie; Marino, Roxanne M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Howarth, Robert W.; Foreman, Kenneth; Giblin, Anne E.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Ganju, Neil] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[McGlathery, Karen; Berg, Peter] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Walker, Jeffrey D.] Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
RP Howarth, RW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM howarth@cornell.edu
RI Ganju, Neil/P-4409-2014;
OI Giblin, Anne/0000-0003-3851-2178; Ganju, Neil/0000-0002-1096-0465
FU Biocomplexity Program of the National Science Foundation; Woods Hole
SeaGrant Program
FX Funding was provided by the Biocomplexity Program of the National
Science Foundation, the Woods Hole SeaGrant Program, and an endowment
given by David R. Atkinson to Cornell University. We thank Clara Funk,
Laura Wittman Keeling, Eli Perrone, and Ted Price for field assistance,
and Richard Payne of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for
providing light data. We greatly appreciate the lending of field
equipment by Hach Hydromet and the US Geological Survey, and we thank
Chris Sherwood of the USGS for his support and interactions. We dedicate
this paper to the late Scott Nixon, a very close friend and colleague
who contributed so much to coastal marine ecosystem research over the
past 40 years, and to his mentor, the late H. T. Odum who pioneered the
open-water technique for measuring metabolism and who helped inspire a
generation of scientists to appreciate coastal marine lagoons: "Each day
as the sun rises and retires, the beautiful green bays like great
creatures breath in and out" (Odum 1956).
NR 51
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 47
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
EI 1573-515X
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
IS 1-3
BP 1
EP 20
DI 10.1007/s10533-013-9901-x
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AD2QO
UT WOS:000333080400001
ER
PT J
AU Rudershausen, PJ
Buckel, JA
Hightower, JE
AF Rudershausen, P. J.
Buckel, J. A.
Hightower, J. E.
TI Estimating reef fish discard mortality using surface and bottom tagging:
effects of hook injury and barotrauma
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SNAPPER PAGRUS-AURATUS; CAPTURE DEPTH; RED SNAPPER; CATASTROPHIC
DECOMPRESSION; RECREATIONAL ANGLERS; RELEASE MORTALITY; REFLEX
IMPAIRMENT; DELAYED MORTALITY; PACIFIC ROCKFISH; NORTH-CAROLINA
AB We estimated survival rates of discarded black sea bass (Centropristis striata) in various release conditions using tag-recapture data. Fish were captured with traps and hook and line from waters 29-34 m deep off coastal North Carolina, USA, marked with internal anchor tags, and observed for release condition. Fish tagged on the bottom using SCUBA served as a control group. Relative return rates for trap-caught fish released at the surface versus bottom provided an estimated survival rate of 0.87 (95% credible interval 0.67-1.18) for surface-released fish. Adjusted for results from the underwater tagging experiment, fish with evidence of external barotrauma had a median survival rate of 0.91 (0.69-1.26) compared with 0.36 (0.17-0.67) for fish with hook trauma and 0.16 (0.08-0.30) for floating or presumably dead fish. Applying these condition-specific estimates of survival to non-tagging fishery data, we estimated a discard survival rate of 0.81 (0.62-1.11) for 11 hook and line data sets from waters 20-35 m deep and 0.86 (0.67-1.17) for 10 trap data sets from waters 11-29 m deep. The tag-return approach using a control group with no fishery-associated trauma represents a method to accurately estimate absolute discard survival of physoclistous reef species.
C1 [Rudershausen, P. J.; Buckel, J. A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, Ctr Marine Sci & Technol, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
[Hightower, J. E.] N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, NC Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Rudershausen, PJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, Ctr Marine Sci & Technol, 303 Coll Circle, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
EM pjruders@ncsu.edu
FU North Carolina Sea Grant Fishery Resource Grant [07-FEG-01, 11-FEG-04];
North Carolina State University IACUC [11-143-O]
FX We thank T. Burgess, T. Averett, G. Bolton, B. Puckett, R. Mroch, M.
Dueker, J. Hackney, J. Peters, and J. Wood for their assistance over the
course of this project. K. Shertzer provided valuable advice on the
analysis. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
This study was funded by North Carolina Sea Grant Fishery Resource Grant
projects 07-FEG-01 and 11-FEG-04. This study was performed under the
auspices of North Carolina State University IACUC protocol # 11-143-O.
NR 45
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 19
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 4
BP 514
EP 520
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0337
PG 7
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AD7AD
UT WOS:000333412000003
ER
PT J
AU Grote, AB
Bailey, MM
Zydlewski, JD
Hightower, JE
AF Grote, Ann B.
Bailey, Michael M.
Zydlewski, Joseph D.
Hightower, Joseph E.
TI Multibeam sonar (DIDSON) assessment of American shad (Alosa sapidissima)
approaching a hydroelectric dam
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID RIVER RESTORATION; ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION;
ATLANTIC SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER; REMOVAL; PASSAGE; MOVEMENTS; ABUNDANCE;
POPULATION
AB We investigated the fish community approaching the Veazie Dam on the Penobscot River, Maine, prior to implementation of a major dam removal and river restoration project. Multibeam sonar (dual-frequency identification sonar, DIDSON) surveys were conducted continuously at the fishway entrance from May to July in 2011. A 5% subsample of DIDSON data contained 43 793 fish targets, the majority of which were of Excellent (15.7%) or Good (73.01%) observation quality. Excellent quality DIDSON targets (n = 6876) were apportioned by species using a Bayesian mixture model based on four known fork length distributions (river herring (alewife, Alosa psuedoharengus, and blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis), American shad, Alosa sapidissima) and two size classes (one sea-winter and multi-sea-winter) of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). 76.2% of targets were assigned to the American shad distribution; Atlantic salmon accounted for 15.64%, and river herring 8.16% of observed targets. Shad-sized (99.0%) and salmon-sized (99.3%) targets approached the fishway almost exclusively during the day, whereas river herring-sized targets were observed both during the day (51.1%) and at night (48.9%). This approach demonstrates how multibeam sonar imaging can be used to evaluate community composition and species-specific movement patterns in systems where there is little overlap in the length distributions of target species.
C1 [Grote, Ann B.; Bailey, Michael M.; Zydlewski, Joseph D.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Bailey, Michael M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Cent New England Fishery Resources Off, Nashua, NH 03063 USA.
[Zydlewski, Joseph D.] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Hightower, Joseph E.] NC State Univ, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Zydlewski, JD (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM jzydlewski@usgs.gov
FU Nature Conservancy; University of Maine; NOAA Fisheries; US Geological
Survey Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; US Fish and
Wildlife Service; Brookfield Power
FX A great many people and organizations gave generously of their time and
resources to make this work possible. Financial support was provided by
the Nature Conservancy, the University of Maine, NOAA Fisheries, the US
Geological Survey Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, the
US Fish and Wildlife Service, and Brookfield Power. Black Bear Hydro
Partners LLC graciously granted access to their property. Oliver Cox,
Christine Lipsky, and Michael O'Malley all shared data that provided
meaningful context for these results. Joshua Royte and Daniel Hildreth
supported this work with heartfelt enthusiasm for ecosystem restoration.
Daniel Harrison's initial review greatly improved the quality of this
manuscript. Sampling was conducted under IACUC protocol No. A2011-06-05.
Mention of trade names does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 62
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 40
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 4
BP 545
EP 558
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0308
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AD7AD
UT WOS:000333412000006
ER
PT J
AU Tsehaye, I
Jones, ML
Bence, JR
Brenden, TO
Madenjian, CP
Warner, DM
AF Tsehaye, Iyob
Jones, Michael L.
Bence, James R.
Brenden, Travis O.
Madenjian, Charles P.
Warner, David M.
TI A multispecies statistical age-structured model to assess predator-prey
balance: application to an intensively managed Lake Michigan pelagic
fish community
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID EASTERN BERING-SEA; ALEWIFE ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; LAURENTIAN
GREAT-LAKES; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS; WALLEYE POLLOCK;
FORAGE FISHES; PACIFIC-OCEAN; GEORGES-BANK; FOOD-WEB
AB Using a Bayesian modeling approach, we developed a multispecies statistical age-structured model to assess trade-offs between predatory demands and prey productivities, with the aim to inform management of top predators. Focusing on the Lake Michigan fish community, we assessed these trade-offs in terms of predation mortalities and productivities of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) and functional responses of salmonines. Our predation mortality estimates suggested that salmonine consumption has been a major driver of prey dynamics, with sharp declines in alewife abundance in the 1960s-1980s and the 2000s coinciding with increased predation rates. Our functional response analysis indicated that feedback mechanisms are unlikely to help maintain a predator-prey balance, with Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) consumption declining only at the lowest prey densities, while the other salmonines consumed prey at a maximum rate across all observed prey densities. This study demonstrates that a multispecies modeling approach combining stock assessment methods with explicit consideration of predator-prey interactions can provide a basis for tactical decision-making from a broader ecosystem perspective.
C1 [Tsehaye, Iyob; Jones, Michael L.; Bence, James R.; Brenden, Travis O.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Quantitat Fisheries Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Madenjian, Charles P.; Warner, David M.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Tsehaye, I (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Quantitat Fisheries Ctr, 293 Farm Lane,Room 153, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM tsehaye@msu.edu
RI Bence, James/E-5057-2017
OI Bence, James/0000-0002-2534-688X
FU Great Lakes Fishery Trust [2007.950]; US Fish and Wildlife Service
Sportfish Restoration Program; Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration;
Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) Game and Fish Protection
Fund
FX Funding for this project was provided by the Great Lakes Fishery Trust
(Project No. 2007.950). Additional funding was provided through the US
Fish and Wildlife Service Sportfish Restoration Program, Federal Aid in
Sport Fish Restoration, and the Michigan Department of Natural Resources
(MDNR) Game and Fish Protection Fund. We thank all staff at the US
Geological Survey (USGS) Great Lakes Science Center who have contributed
to the trawl and hydroacoustic prey fish assessments as well as the MDNR
staff for their contributions to the acoustic surveys. We also thank
Brian Irwin (University of Georgia - USGS Georgia Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit) for providing helpful comments on the
manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government. This
is manuscript 2014-05 of the Quantitative Fisheries Center at Michigan
State University and contribution 1813 of the USGS Great Lakes Science
Center.
NR 81
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 44
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 4
BP 627
EP 644
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0313
PG 18
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AD7AD
UT WOS:000333412000013
ER
PT J
AU Ely, CR
Franson, JC
AF Ely, Craig R.
Franson, J. Christian
TI Blood lead concentrations in Alaskan tundra swans: linking breeding and
wintering areas with satellite telemetry
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Lead; Migration; Satellite telemetry; Subsistence; Tundra swan
ID COEUR-DALENE RIVER; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT; WASHINGTON-STATE; SMELTING
COMPLEX; NORTHERN IDAHO; CYGNUS-OLOR; DUCKS; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE; EIDERS
AB Tundra swans (Cygnus columbianus) like many waterfowl species are susceptible to lead (Pb) poisoning, and Pb-induced mortality has been reported from many areas of their wintering range. Little is known however about Pb levels throughout the annual cycle of tundra swans, especially during summer when birds are on remote northern breeding areas where they are less likely to be exposed to anthropogenic sources of Pb. Our objective was to document summer Pb levels in tundra swans throughout their breeding range in Alaska to determine if there were population-specific differences in blood Pb concentrations that might pose a threat to swans and to humans that may consume them. We measured blood Pb concentrations in tundra swans at five locations in Alaska, representing birds that winter in both the Pacific Flyway and Atlantic Flyway. We also marked swans at each location with satellite transmitters and coded neck bands, to identify staging and wintering sites and determine if winter site use correlated with summer Pb concentrations. Blood Pb levels were generally low (< 0.2 mu g/ml) in swans across all breeding areas. Pb levels were lower in cygnets than adults, suggesting that swans were likely exposed to Pb on wintering areas or on return migration to Alaska, rather than on the summer breeding grounds. Blood Pb levels varied significantly across the five breeding areas, with highest concentrations in birds on the North Slope of Alaska (wintering in the Atlantic Flyway), and lowest in birds from the lower Alaska Peninsula that rarely migrate south for winter.
C1 [Ely, Craig R.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Franson, J. Christian] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Ely, CR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM cely@usgs.gov
OI Franson, J/0000-0002-0251-4238
NR 53
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 59
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
EI 1573-3017
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 3
BP 349
EP 356
DI 10.1007/s10646-014-1192-z
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AD3GZ
UT WOS:000333127600004
PM 24468922
ER
PT J
AU Dembkowski, DJ
Chipps, SR
Blackwell, BG
AF Dembkowski, D. J.
Chipps, S. R.
Blackwell, B. G.
TI Response of walleye and yellow perch to water-level fluctuations in
glacial lakes
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY-DEPENDENT GROWTH; PRAIRIE WETLANDS; NATURAL LAKE; RESERVOIRS;
COMMUNITIES; DRAWDOWN; DAKOTA; REGION; INDEX; BASS
C1 [Dembkowski, D. J.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Chipps, S. R.] US Geol Survey, South Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Brookings, SD USA.
[Blackwell, B. G.] South Dakota Dept Game Fish & Pk, Webster, SD USA.
RP Dembkowski, DJ (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM daniel.dembkowski@sdstate.edu
FU Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration funds [F-15-R, 1518]; U.S.
Geological Survey; South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks;
South Dakota State University; Wildlife Management Institute; U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service
FX Funding for this project was provided by Federal Aid in Sport Fish
Restoration funds (Project F-15-R; Study 1518) administered by South
Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks (SDGFP) and South Dakota State
University. We thank the South Dakota Department of Environment and
Natural Resources for providing water surface elevation data, SDGFP
(specifically T. Kaufman, C. Soupir, and M. Hubers) for use of annual
fisheries survey data, and J. Breegemann, M. Brown, D. Deslauriers, C.
Hayer, M. Kaemingk, T. Rapp, and J. VanDeHey for helpful reviews of
earlier drafts of the manuscript. The South Dakota Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological
Survey, South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, South Dakota
State University, the Wildlife Management Institute, and the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0969-997X
EI 1365-2400
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
BP 89
EP 95
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AC3ID
UT WOS:000332409600001
ER
PT J
AU McDowell, WG
Benson, AJ
Byers, JE
AF McDowell, W. G.
Benson, A. J.
Byers, J. E.
TI Climate controls the distribution of a widespread invasive species:
implications for future range expansion
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE distribution modelling; invasive species; climate change; model
comparisons; non-native species
ID CLAM CORBICULA-FLUMINEA; FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS; POTOMAC RIVER; ASIATIC
CLAM; DIE-OFFS; MUSSELS; BIVALVES; IMPACTS; ESTUARY; STREAM
AB Two dominant drivers of species distributions are climate and habitat, both of which are changing rapidly. Understanding the relative importance of variables that can control distributions is critical, especially for invasive species that may spread rapidly and have strong effects on ecosystems.
Here, we examine the relative importance of climate and habitat variables in controlling the distribution of the widespread invasive freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea, and we model its future distribution under a suite of climate scenarios using logistic regression and maximum entropy modelling (MaxEnt).
Logistic regression identified climate variables as more important than habitat variables in controlling Corbicula distribution. MaxEnt modelling predicted Corbicula's range expansion westward and northward to occupy half of the contiguous United States. By 2080, Corbicula's potential range will expand 25-32%, with more than half of the continental United States being climatically suitable.
Our combination of multiple approaches has revealed the importance of climate over habitat in controlling Corbicula's distribution and validates the climate-only MaxEnt model, which can readily examine the consequences of future climate projections.
Given the strong influence of climate variables on Corbicula's distribution, as well as Corbicula's ability to disperse quickly and over long distances, Corbicula is poised to expand into New England and the northern Midwest of the United States. Thus, the direct effects of climate change will probably be compounded by the addition of Corbicula and its own influences on ecosystem function.
C1 [McDowell, W. G.; Byers, J. E.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Benson, A. J.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP McDowell, WG (reprint author), Odum Sch Ecol, 140 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM wgmcd@uga.edu
NR 65
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 7
U2 69
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 4
BP 847
EP 857
DI 10.1111/fwb.12308
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AC0XZ
UT WOS:000332220100016
ER
PT J
AU Maklad, A
Reed, C
Johnson, NS
Fritzsch, B
AF Maklad, Adel
Reed, Caitlyn
Johnson, Nicolas S.
Fritzsch, Bernd
TI Anatomy of the lamprey ear: morphological evidence for occurrence of
horizontal semicircular ducts in the labyrinth of Petromyzon marinus
SO JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
LA English
DT Article
DE parallel evolution; jawless vertebrates; lamprey; horizontal ducts
ID INDIVIDUAL RETICULOSPINAL NEURONS; LAMPETRA-FLUVIATILIS; SEA LAMPREY;
UNILATERAL LABYRINTHECTOMY; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; PROVIDES INSIGHTS;
CRANIAL NERVE; INNER-EAR; PROJECTIONS; LOCOMOTION
AB In jawed (gnathostome) vertebrates, the inner ears have three semicircular canals arranged orthogonally in the three Cartesian planes: one horizontal (lateral) and two vertical canals. They function as detectors for angular acceleration in their respective planes. Living jawless craniates, cyclostomes (hagfish and lamprey) and their fossil records seemingly lack a lateral horizontal canal. The jawless vertebrate hagfish inner ear is described as a torus or doughnut, having one vertical canal, and the jawless vertebrate lamprey having two. These observations on the anatomy of the cyclostome (jawless vertebrate) inner ear have been unchallenged for over a century, and the question of how these jawless vertebrates perceive angular acceleration in the yaw (horizontal) planes has remained open. To provide an answer to this open question we reevaluated the anatomy of the inner ear in the lamprey, using stereoscopic dissection and scanning electron microscopy. The present study reveals a novel observation: the lamprey has two horizontal semicircular ducts in each labyrinth. Furthermore, the horizontal ducts in the lamprey, in contrast to those of jawed vertebrates, are located on the medial surface in the labyrinth rather than on the lateral surface. Our data on the lamprey horizontal duct suggest that the appearance of the horizontal canal characteristic of gnathostomes (lateral) and lampreys (medial) are mutually exclusive and indicate a parallel evolution of both systems, one in cyclostomes and one in gnathostome ancestors.
C1 [Maklad, Adel; Reed, Caitlyn] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Neurobiol & Anat Sci, Jackson, MS 39216 USA.
[Johnson, Nicolas S.] Great Lakes Sci Ctr, USGS, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI USA.
[Fritzsch, Bernd] Univ Iowa, Dept Biol, Coll Liberal Arts & Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Maklad, A (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Neurobiol & Anat Sci, Jackson, MS 39216 USA.
EM amaklad@umc.edu
OI Fritzsch, Bernd/0000-0002-4882-8398
FU National Institute of Health [R01, DC012060-01]
FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Paul May, Duane Haines, James Lynch and
Rick Lin for streamlining the manuscript and for their cogent
suggestions to improve the manuscript. We wish also to thank Mr. Kyle
Cunningham for generating the 3D interactive model of the labyrinth of
the lamprey. This work was supported by a grant from the National
Institute of Health (R01, DC012060-01) to A.M.
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 20
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8782
EI 1469-7580
J9 J ANAT
JI J. Anat.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 224
IS 4
BP 432
EP 446
DI 10.1111/joa.12159
PG 15
WC Anatomy & Morphology
SC Anatomy & Morphology
GA AC3OL
UT WOS:000332431000005
PM 24438368
ER
PT J
AU Krauss, KW
McKee, KL
Lovelock, CE
Cahoon, DR
Saintilan, N
Reef, R
Chen, LZ
AF Krauss, Ken W.
McKee, Karen L.
Lovelock, Catherine E.
Cahoon, Donald R.
Saintilan, Neil
Reef, Ruth
Chen, Luzhen
TI How mangrove forests adjust to rising sea level
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Review
DE accretion; disturbance; environmental drivers; litter and debris fall;
roots; sea-level rise; soil; surface elevation change
ID NEW-SOUTH-WALES; FLORIDA COASTAL EVERGLADES; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY;
RHIZOPHORA-MANGLE L; ELEVATED CO2; SURFACE ELEVATION; AVICENNIA-MARINA;
BRUGUIERA-GYMNORRHIZA; KANDELIA-CANDEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE
AB Mangroves are among the most well described and widely studied wetland communities in the world. The greatest threats to mangrove persistence are deforestation and other anthropogenic disturbances that can compromise habitat stability and resilience to sea-level rise. To persist, mangrove ecosystems must adjust to rising sea level by building vertically or become submerged. Mangroves may directly or indirectly influence soil accretion processes through the production and accumulation of organic matter, as well as the trapping and retention of mineral sediment. In this review, we provide a general overview of research on mangrove elevation dynamics, emphasizing the role of the vegetation in maintaining soil surface elevations (i.e. position of the soil surface in the vertical plane). We summarize the primary ways in which mangroves may influence sediment accretion and vertical land development, for example, through root contributions to soil volume and upward expansion of the soil surface. We also examine how hydrological, geomorphological and climatic processes may interact with plant processes to influence mangrove capacity to keep pace with rising sea level. We draw on a variety of studies to describe the important, and often under-appreciated, role that plants play in shaping the trajectory of an ecosystem undergoing change.
C1 [Krauss, Ken W.; McKee, Karen L.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Lovelock, Catherine E.; Reef, Ruth] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Cahoon, Donald R.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Saintilan, Neil] NSW Dept Premier & Cabinet, Off Environm & Heritage, Sydney, NSW 1232, Australia.
[Chen, Luzhen] Xiamen Univ, Key Lab, Minist Educ Coastal & Wetland Ecosyst, Coll Environm & Ecol, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China.
RP Krauss, KW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM kkrauss@usgs.gov
RI Lovelock, Catherine/G-7370-2012; McKee, Karen/D-1365-2014
OI Lovelock, Catherine/0000-0002-2219-6855; McKee,
Karen/0000-0001-7042-670X
FU USGS Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program; USGS
Ecosystems Mission Area; Marine and Coastal Biogeochemistry Cluster,
CSIRO; Australian Research Council [DE120101706]; China Scholarship
Council
FX We thank Dr B. Graeme Lockaby for the invitation to speak on this topic
and formulate the ideas in a session on 'Tidal Forest Soils' at the 2011
Soil Science Society of America Meeting, and Professor Liam Dolan and Dr
Michael Panagopulos for the invitation to write this review. Dr Camille
L. Stagg and three anonymous referees provided very helpful reviews of
previous manuscript drafts. This review was supported by the USGS
Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program; USGS
Ecosystems Mission Area; Marine and Coastal Biogeochemistry Cluster,
CSIRO; Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Award to R. R.
(DE120101706); and China Scholarship Council sabbatical award to L. C.
Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 157
TC 58
Z9 59
U1 24
U2 190
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1469-8137
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 202
IS 1
BP 19
EP 34
DI 10.1111/nph.12605
PG 16
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AB4CX
UT WOS:000331737900016
PM 24251960
ER
EF