FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Chapman, DC
Davis, JJ
Jenkins, JA
Kocovsky, PM
Miner, JG
Farver, J
Jackson, PR
AF Chapman, Duane C.
Davis, Jeremiah J.
Jenkins, Jill A.
Kocovsky, Patrick M.
Miner, Jeffrey G.
Farver, John
Jackson, P. Ryan
TI First evidence of grass carp recruitment in the Great Lakes Basin
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Otolith microchemistry; Strontium:calcium ratio; Triploid; Invasive
species; Asian carp; Lake Erie
ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; ASIAN CARP; MISSISSIPPI RIVER;
AGE-DETERMINATION; HERBIVOROUS FISH; ERIE; REPLACEMENT; TRIBUTARIES;
CHEMISTRY; OTOLITHS
AB We use aging techniques, ploidy analysis, and otolith microchemistry to assess whether four grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella captured from the Sandusky River, Ohio were the result of natural reproduction within the Lake Erie Basin. All four fish were of age 1 +. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that these fish were not aquaculture-reared and that they were most likely the result of successful reproduction in the Sandusky River. First, at least two of the fish were diploid; diploid grass carp cannot legally be released in the Great Lakes Basin. Second, strontium:calcium (Sr:Ca) ratios were elevated in all four grass carp from the Sandusky River, with elevated Sr:Ca ratios throughout the otolith transect, compared to grass carp from Missouri and Arkansas ponds. This reflects the high Sr:Ca ratio of the Sandusky River, and indicates that these fish lived in a high-strontium environment throughout their entire lives. Third, Sandusky River fish were higher in Sr:Ca ratio variability than fish from ponds, reflecting the high but spatially and temporally variable strontium concentrations of southwestern Lake Erie tributaries, and not the stable environment of pond aquaculture. Fourth, Sr:Ca ratios in the grass carp from the Sandusky River were lower in their 2011 growth increment (a high water year) than the 2012 growth increment (a low water year), reflecting the observed inverse relationship between discharge and strontium concentration in these rivers. We conclude that these four grass carp captured from the Sandusky River are most likely the result of natural reproduction within the Lake Erie Basin. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Chapman, Duane C.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Sci Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Davis, Jeremiah J.; Miner, Jeffrey G.; Farver, John] Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Biol Sci & Geol, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA.
[Jenkins, Jill A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Kocovsky, Patrick M.] US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44857 USA.
[Jackson, P. Ryan] US Geol Survey, Illinois Water Sci Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Chapman, DC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Sci Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM dchapman@usgs.gov; davisjj@bgsu.edu; jenkinsj@usgs.gov;
pkocovsky@usgs.gov; jminer@bgsu.edu; jfarver@bgsu.edu; pjackson@usgs.gov
OI Jackson, P. Ryan/0000-0002-3154-6108
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 39
IS 4
BP 547
EP 554
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.09.019
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 270JI
UT WOS:000328314300004
ER
PT J
AU Sun, J
Rudstam, LG
Boscarino, BT
Walsh, MG
Lantry, BF
AF Sun, Jennifer
Rudstam, Lars G.
Boscarino, Brent T.
Walsh, Maureen G.
Lantry, Brian F.
TI Laboratory-derived temperature preference and effect on the feeding rate
and survival of juvenile Hemimysis anomala
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Hemimysis; Bosmina; Temperature preference; Temperature tolerance;
Feeding rate
ID PONTO-CASPIAN INVADER; MYSIS-RELICTA; LAKE-ONTARIO;
VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; LIGHT PREFERENCES; OPOSSUM SHRIMP; GREAT-LAKES;
PATTERNS; MIGRATION; GROWTH
AB Hemimysis anomala is a warm-water mysid that invaded the Great Lakes region in 2006 and has since rapidly spread throughout the basin. We conducted three laboratory experiments to better define the temperature preference, tolerance limits, and temperature effects on feeding rates of juvenile Hemimysis, using individuals acclimated to mid (16 degrees C) and upper (22 degrees C) preferred temperature values previously reported for the species. For temperature preference, we fit a two-parameter Gaussian (mu, sigma) function to the experimental data, and found that the peak values (mu, interpreted as the preference temperature) were 22.0 degrees C (SE 0.25) when acclimated to 16 and 21.9 degrees C (SE 0.38) when acclimated to 22 degrees C, with the sigma-values of the curves at 2.6 and 2.5 degrees C, respectively. No mysids were observed in temperatures below 10 or above 28 degrees C in these preference experiments. In shortterm tolerance experiments for temperatures between 4 and 32 degrees C, all mysids died within 8 h at 30.2 degrees C for 16 degrees C acclimated mysids, and at 31.8 degrees C for 22 degrees C acclimated mysids. No lower lethal limit was found. Feeding rates increased with temperature from an average of 4 Bosmina eaten per hour at 5 degrees C to 19 Bosmina eaten per hour at 27 degrees C. The results of our experiments indicate an optimal temperature for Hemimysis between 21 and 27 degrees C, which corresponds with temperatures during periods of high population growth in the field. These results contribute a better understanding of this species' biological response to temperature that will help guide field studies and inform bioenergetics modeling. (C) 2013 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sun, Jennifer; Rudstam, Lars G.; Boscarino, Brent T.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Cornell Biol Field Stn, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
[Walsh, Maureen G.; Lantry, Brian F.] USGS Lake Ontario Biol Stn, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
RP Rudstam, LG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Cornell Biol Field Stn, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
EM jms675@cornell.edu; lgr1@cornell.edu; btb32@cornell.edu;
mwalsh@usgs.gov; bflantry@usgs.gov
FU New York Sea Grant project [R/CE-28]; Great Lakes Fisheries Commission
project [56818]
FX This research was funded by the New York Sea Grant project R/CE-28 and
the Great Lakes Fisheries Commission project 56818. The views expressed
are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of
NOAA or USDA. The U.S. Government is authorized to produce and
distribute reprints for governmental purposes notwithstanding any
copyright notation that may appear herein. We thank Kathleen Halpin for
help in the field and laboratory, Meghan Brown for help with locating
the Seneca Hemimysis population, and Patrick Sullivan for help with
statistical analyses. Comments by Jana Lantry improved the manuscript.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This article
is contribution number 1739 of the Great Lakes Science Center and 295 of
the Cornell Biological Field Station.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 39
IS 4
BP 630
EP 636
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.09.006
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 270JI
UT WOS:000328314300013
ER
PT J
AU Kocovsky, PM
Rudstam, LG
Yule, DL
Warner, DM
Schaner, T
Pientka, B
Deller, JW
Waterfield, HA
Witzel, LD
Sullivan, PJ
AF Kocovsky, Patrick M.
Rudstam, Lars G.
Yule, Daniel L.
Warner, David M.
Schaner, Ted
Pientka, Bernie
Deller, John W.
Waterfield, Holly A.
Witzel, Larry D.
Sullivan, Patrick J.
TI Sensitivity of fish density estimates to standard analytical procedures
applied to Great Lakes hydroacoustic data
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydroacoustics; Standard Operating Procedures; Superior; Michigan Huron;
Erie; Ontario; Champlain; Otsego
ID TARGET STRENGTH DISTRIBUTIONS; RAINBOW-SMELT; ACOUSTIC SURVEYS;
MYSIS-RELICTA; FOOD-WEB; FREQUENCIES; ABUNDANCE; CHAMPLAIN; COMMUNITY;
EXAMPLES
AB Standardized methods of data collection and analysis ensure quality and facilitate comparisons among systems. We evaluated the importance of three recommendations from the Standard Operating Procedure for hydroacoustics in the Laurentian Great Lakes (GLSOP) on density estimates of target species: noise subtraction; setting volume backscattering strength (S-v) thresholds from user-defined minimum target strength (TS) of interest (TS-based S-v threshold); and calculations of an index for multiple targets (N-v index) to identify and remove biased TS values. Eliminating noise had the predictable effect of decreasing density estimates in most lakes. Using the TS-based S-v threshold decreased fish densities in the middle and lower layers in the deepest lakes with abundant invertebrates (e.g., Mysis diluviana). Correcting for biased in situ TS increased measured density up to 86% in the shallower lakes, which had the highest fish densities. The current recommendations by the GLSOP significantly influence acoustic density estimates, but the degree of importance is lake dependent Applying GLSOP recommendations, whether in the Laurentian Great Lakes or elsewhere, will improve our ability to compare results among lakes. We recommend further development of standards, including minimum TS and analytical cell size, for reducing the effect of biased in situ TS on density estimates. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Kocovsky, Patrick M.] US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Rudstam, Lars G.] Cornell Biol Field Stn, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
[Yule, Daniel L.] US Geol Survey, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
[Warner, David M.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Schaner, Ted] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Lake Ontario Management Unit, Picton, ON K0K 2T0, Canada.
[Pientka, Bernie] Vermont Dept Fish & Wildlife, Essex Jct, VT 05452 USA.
[Deller, John W.] Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Fairport Harbor, OH 44077 USA.
[Waterfield, Holly A.] SUNY Coll Oneonta, Biol Field Stn, Cooperstown, NY 13326 USA.
[Witzel, Larry D.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Port Dover, ON N0A 1N0, Canada.
[Sullivan, Patrick J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
RP Kocovsky, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
EM pkocovslv@usgs.gov; lgr1@cornell.edu; dyule@usgs.gov; dmwarner@usgs.gov;
ted.schaner@ontario.ca; Bernie.Pientka@state.vt.us;
John.Deller@dnr.state.oh.us; Holly.Waterfield@oneonta.edu;
larty.witzel@ontario.ca; pjs31@cornell.edu
FU Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station; Champlain Sea Grant
Program
FX We thank the vessel operators of the various research vessels used for
collection of hydroacoustic data. The workshop that produced this effort
was supported by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission Science Transfer.
Additional funding was provided by Cornell University Agricultural
Experiment Station and the Champlain Sea Grant Program. Constructive
reviews were provided by T. Axenrot, M. Maiolie, and two anonymous
reviewers. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. This article is Contribution 1787 of
the US Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 39
IS 4
BP 655
EP 662
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.09.002
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 270JI
UT WOS:000328314300016
ER
PT J
AU Dunlop, ES
Riley, SC
AF Dunlop, Erin S.
Riley, Stephen C.
TI The contribution of cold winter temperatures to the 2003 alewife
population collapse in Lake Huron
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Alewife; Lake Huron; Chinook salmon; Temperature; Prey fish dynamics;
Recovery
ID BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE POPULATIONS; CHINOOK SALMON POPULATION;
FRESH-WATER ALEWIVES; GREAT-LAKES; ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; FISH COMMUNITY;
MICHIGAN; ONTARIO; DYNAMICS; TROUT
AB The Lake Huron ecosystem has recently undergone dramatic changes. As part of those changes, the once highly abundant non-native alewife Alosa pseudoharengus population crashed in 2003 and has yet to recover. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether temperature played a role in the population crash, because historically alewife have been subject to die-off events in response to cold temperatures in other lakes. Long-term climate data (1973-2009) showed that the winter of 2002-2003 exhibited the largest drop in degree days relative to the previous year, had the most extensive average March ice coverage, and was among the coldest years on record. However, since 2003, winter temperatures have not been overly cold, and air temperature has shown an increasing trend. Also, the relationship between temperature and alewife abundance between 1975 and 2006 was non-significant. Therefore, although we found evidence that cold winter temperatures contributed to the abrupt decline of alewife in 2003, they could not explain why the population failed to recover as it had after previous cold winters. Historically, Chinook salmon abundance contributed to long-term trends in alewife abundance, however, we found predation by Chinook to play a lesser role on the 2003 alewife collapse. In the absence of direct estimates of food availability, analyses of alewife length data suggest that a declining prey base altered the ecosystem conditions for alewife, possibly contributing to their collapse and lack of recovery. (C) 2013 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dunlop, Erin S.] Trent Univ, Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Aquat Res & Monitoring Sect, Peterborough, ON K9B 7B8, Canada.
[Riley, Stephen C.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Dunlop, ES (reprint author), Trent Univ, Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Aquat Res & Monitoring Sect, DNA Bldg,2140 East Bank Dr, Peterborough, ON K9B 7B8, Canada.
EM erin.dunlop@ontario.ca; sriley@usgs.gov
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 39
IS 4
BP 682
EP 689
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.08.001
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 270JI
UT WOS:000328314300019
ER
PT J
AU Ramsey, E
Rangoonwala, A
Bannister, T
AF Ramsey, Elijah, III
Rangoonwala, Amina
Bannister, Terri
TI COASTAL FLOOD INUNDATION MONITORING WITH SATELLITE C-BAND AND L-BAND
SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR DATA
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE remote sensing; ENVISAT ASAR; ALOS PALSAR; coastal marshes; storm surge;
tidal inundation
ID LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION; GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENTS; IMAGERY;
LOUISIANA; MARSH; PHENOLOGY; DELINEATION; MANAGEMENT; WETLANDS; FORESTS
AB Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) was evaluated as a method to operationally monitor the occurrence and distribution of storm-and tidal-related flooding of spatially extensive coastal marshes within the north-central Gulf of Mexico. Maps representing the occurrence of marsh surface inundation were created from available Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array type L-Band SAR (PALSAR) (L-band) (21 scenes with HH polarizations in Wide Beam [100 m]) data and Environmental Satellite (ENVISAT) Advanced SAR (ASAR) (C-band) data (24 scenes with VV and HH polarizations in Wide Swath [150 m]) during 2006-2009 covering 500 km of the Louisiana coastal zone. Mapping was primarily based on a decrease in backscatter between reference and target scenes, and as an extension of previous studies, the flood inundation mapping performance was assessed by the degree of correspondence between inundation mapping and inland water levels. Both PALSAR-and ASAR-based mapping at times were based on suboptimal reference scenes; however, ASAR performance seemed more sensitive to reference-scene quality and other types of scene variability. Related to water depth, PALSAR and ASAR mapping accuracies tended to be lower when water depths were shallow and increased as water levels decreased below or increased above the ground surface, but this pattern was more pronounced with ASAR. Overall, PALSAR-based inundation accuracies averaged 84% (n = 160), while ASAR-based mapping accuracies averaged 62% (n = 245).
C1 [Ramsey, Elijah, III] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Rangoonwala, Amina; Bannister, Terri] Five Rivers Serv LLC, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA.
RP Ramsey, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM ramseye@usgs.gov
FU "Earth and Science for Decision Making: GOM Region" program
[NNH08ZDA001N-GULF]; United States Federal Government; Five Rivers
Services, LLC [G11PC00013]
FX ENVISAT ASAR data are copyrighted by the ESA and were provided via the
Cat-1 2853 and 7286 Projects. The ALOS PALSAR data ((C) 2007, (C) 2008,
(C) 2009, JAXA METI) were provided by the University of Alaska and
National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) Alaska Satellite
Facility. This research contributed to the study "Monitoring Coastal
Marshes for Persistent Flooding and Salinity Stress" (Principal
Investigator Dr. Maria Kalcic) and was in part supported under the
"Earth and Science for Decision Making: GOM Region" program
(NNH08ZDA001N-GULF). We thank Dr. Anthony Filippi and Dr. Charles
Bachmann for their thoughtful reviews. Also, we are grateful for the
technical editing done by the USGS Lafayette Publishing Service Center.
This work was funded entirely by the United States Federal Government
and performed by Federal employees and employees of Five Rivers
Services, LLC under contract no. G11PC00013 with the Federal Government.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 6
BP 1239
EP 1260
DI 10.1111/jawr.12082
PG 22
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 260QA
UT WOS:000327608200002
ER
PT J
AU van Huysen, TL
Harmon, ME
Perakis, SS
Chen, H
AF van Huysen, Tiff L.
Harmon, Mark E.
Perakis, Steven S.
Chen, Hua
TI Decomposition and nitrogen dynamics of N-15-labeled leaf, root, and twig
litter in temperate coniferous forests
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Integrated decomposition rate; Litter chemistry; Gross mineralization;
Immobilization; Soil
ID LONG-TERM DECOMPOSITION; OLD-GROWTH FOREST; MASS-LOSS;
PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; NUTRIENT RELEASE; WESTERN OREGON; LIGNIN CONTROL;
FOLIAR LITTER; DOUGLAS-FIR; SOIL
AB Litter nutrient dynamics contribute significantly to biogeochemical cycling in forest ecosystems. We examined how site environment and initial substrate quality influence decomposition and nitrogen (N) dynamics of multiple litter types. A 2.5-year decomposition study was installed in the Oregon Coast Range and West Cascades using N-15-labeled litter from Acer macrophyllum, Picea sitchensis, and Pseudotsuga menziesii. Mass loss for leaf litter was similar between the two sites, while root and twig litter exhibited greater mass loss in the Coast Range. Mass loss was greatest from leaves and roots, and species differences in mass loss were more prominent in the Coast Range. All litter types and species mineralized N early in the decomposition process; only A. macrophyllum leaves exhibited a net N immobilization phase. There were no site differences with respect to litter N dynamics despite differences in site N availability, and litter N mineralization patterns were species-specific. For multiple litter x species combinations, the difference between gross and net N mineralization was significant, and gross mineralization was 7-20 % greater than net mineralization. The mineralization results suggest that initial litter chemistry may be an important driver of litter N dynamics. Our study demonstrates that greater amounts of N are cycling through these systems than may be quantified by only measuring net mineralization and challenges current leaf-based biogeochemical theory regarding patterns of N immobilization and mineralization.
C1 [van Huysen, Tiff L.; Harmon, Mark E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Perakis, Steven S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Chen, Hua] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol, Springfield, IL 62703 USA.
RP van Huysen, TL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, TCES, Suite 320,291 Country Club Dr, Incline Village, NV 89451 USA.
EM tiff.vanhuysen@gmail.com
FU National Science Foundation [OISE-0227642]; U.S. Geological Survey
Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center Forest Science Partnership
FX We thank Eric Bailey, Howard Bruner, Chris Catricala, Michelle Delepine,
Leif Embertson, Becky Fasth, Jes and Josh Halofsky, Jan Harmon, Russ
Harmon, Steph Hart, Dana Howe, Jake Hoyman, Chip Pascoe, Jay Sexton,
Carlos Sierra, Gancho and Aglicka Slavov, Jeannette Tuitele-Lewis, and
Lige Weedman for help with field and/or laboratory work and Sherri
Johnson for providing laboratory space for the 15N work. We
also thank Carlos Sierra for helpful comments regarding revision of this
manuscript and two anonymous reviewers whose comments and suggestions
greatly improved this manuscript. This work was funded by a grant from
the National Science Foundation (OISE-0227642) to H. Chen, M. E. Harmon,
and S. S. Perakis and a U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland
Ecosystem Science Center Forest Science Partnership grant to T. L. van
Huysen and S. S. Perakis. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. The experimental approach and methods used in this study
comply with the current laws of the USA.
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PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
EI 1432-1939
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 173
IS 4
BP 1563
EP 1573
DI 10.1007/s00442-013-2706-8
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 268ZR
UT WOS:000328210000037
PM 23884664
ER
PT J
AU King, DT
Goatcher, BL
Fischer, JW
Stanton, J
Lacour, JM
Lemmons, SC
Wang, GM
AF King, D. Tommy
Goatcher, Buddy L.
Fischer, Justin W.
Stanton, John
Lacour, James M.
Lemmons, Scott C.
Wang, Guiming
TI Home Ranges and Habitat Use of Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis)
in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Brown Pelican; Brownian Bridge Movement Model; habitat use; home range;
Louisiana; migration; Pelecanus occidentalis; satellite telemetry
ID LOUISIANA; MOVEMENTS; CAPTURE
AB Little is known about movements and habitat use of Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) in the northern Gulf of Mexico. We attached satellite transmitters to 18 adult Brown Pelicans (nine males, nine females) that were captured on Grand Isle along the Louisiana coast during 31 August-2 September 2010. Their movements and habitat use were tracked between September 2010 and March 2012. Nine of the Brown Pelicans remained proximate to the Louisiana coast; four ranged along the coasts of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana; three moved from Louisiana to Texas; and two migrated across the Gulf of Mexico to the Yucatan Peninsula. Annual 99% home range estimates varied widely ((x) over bar = 10,611 km(2), SE = 2,370), and males had larger ranges ((x) over bar = 15,088 km(2), SE = 2,219) than females ((x) over bar = 6,133 km(2), SE = 1,764). Habitats used by Brown Pelicans were primarily open water, estuarine emergent wetland, grassland, unconsolidated shore, and deep water habitat types.
C1 [King, D. Tommy; Lemmons, Scott C.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Goatcher, Buddy L.] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Environm Risk Assessment Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
[Fischer, Justin W.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Stanton, John] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, US Dept Interior, South Atlantic Migratory Bird Coordinat Off, Columbia, NC USA.
[Lacour, James M.] Louisiana Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Baton Rouge, LA 70898 USA.
[Wang, Guiming] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP King, DT (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, POB 6099, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM Tommy_King@aphis.usda.gov
FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection
Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center; U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, Office of Migratory Birds
FX We thank the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health
Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research
Center, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Migratory
Birds, for providing funding for this study. We thank the Louisiana
Department of Wildlife and Fisheries for logistical support during
pelican capture and D. Douglas for statistical support. We also thank F.
Cunningham, M. Tobin and two anonymous reviewers for providing helpful
comments on this manuscript. This research was conducted under U.S.
Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Federal Fish and
Wildlife Permit # MB19177A-0 and U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish
and Wildlife Service, Office of Migratory Birds, ACUC review.
NR 26
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PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
EI 1938-5390
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 4
BP 494
EP 500
PG 7
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 270DW
UT WOS:000328300100011
ER
PT J
AU Meixell, BW
Borchardt, MA
Spencer, SK
AF Meixell, Brandt W.
Borchardt, Mark A.
Spencer, Susan K.
TI Accumulation and Inactivation of Avian Influenza Virus by the
Filter-Feeding Invertebrate Daphnia magna
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE-WATER; A VIRUSES; DRINKING-WATER; LARGE VOLUMES; WILD BIRDS;
TIME; INFECTIVITY; RESERVOIRS; HABITATS; ECOLOGY
AB The principal mode of avian influenza A virus (AIV) transmission among wild birds is thought to occur via an indirect fecal-oral route, whereby individuals are exposed to virus from the environment through contact with virus-contaminated water. AIV can remain viable for an extended time in water; however, little is known regarding the influence of the biotic community (i.e., aquatic invertebrates) on virus persistence and infectivity in aquatic environments. We conducted laboratory experiments to investigate the ability of an aquatic filter-feeding invertebrate, Daphnia magna, to accumulate virus from AIV-dosed water under the hypothesis that they represent a potential vector of AIV to waterfowl hosts. We placed live daphnids in test tubes dosed with low-pathogenicity AIV (H3N8 subtype isolated from a wild duck) and sampled Daphnia tissue and the surrounding water using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) at 3-to 120-min intervals for up to 960 min following dosing. Concentrations of viral RNA averaged 3 times higher in Daphnia tissue than the surrounding water shortly after viral exposure, but concentrations decreased exponentially through time for both. Extracts from Daphnia tissue were negative for AIV by cell culture, whereas AIV remained viable in water without Daphnia present. Our results suggest daphnids can accumulate AIV RNA and effectively remove virus particles from water. Although concentrations of viral RNA were consistently higher in Daphnia tissue than the water, additional research is needed on the time scale of AIV inactivation after Daphnia ingestion to fully elucidate Daphnia's role as a potential vector of AIV infection to aquatic birds.
C1 [Meixell, Brandt W.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Meixell, Brandt W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Borchardt, Mark A.; Spencer, Susan K.] ARS, USDA, Marshfield, WI USA.
RP Meixell, BW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM bmeixell@usgs.gov
OI Meixell, Brandt/0000-0002-6738-0349
NR 45
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 79
IS 23
BP 7249
EP 7255
DI 10.1128/AEM.02439-13
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 259RT
UT WOS:000327544700016
PM 24038705
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, SJ
Webster, KE
Loftin, CS
Weathers, KC
AF Nelson, Sarah J.
Webster, Katherine E.
Loftin, Cynthia S.
Weathers, Kathleen C.
TI Shifts in controls on the temporal coherence of throughfall chemical
flux in Acadia National Park, Maine, USA
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT BIOGEOMON Conference
CY JUL 19, 2012
CL Northport, ME
DE Throughfall; Mercury; Winter; Atmospheric deposition; Coherence; DOC
ID ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; LAKE DISTRICTS; DRY DEPOSITION; NORTH-AMERICA;
REGIONAL COHERENCE; SURROGATE SURFACES; CATSKILL MOUNTAINS; FOREST
CANOPY; NEW-YORK; MERCURY
AB Major ion and mercury (Hg) inputs to terrestrial ecosystems include both wet and dry deposition (total deposition). Estimating total deposition to sensitive receptor sites is hampered by limited information regarding its spatial heterogeneity and seasonality. We used measurements of throughfall flux, which includes atmospheric inputs to forests and the net effects of canopy leaching or uptake, for ten major ions and Hg collected during 35 time periods in 1999-2005 at over 70 sites within Acadia National Park, Maine to (1) quantify coherence in temporal dynamics of seasonal throughfall deposition and (2) examine controls on these patterns at multiple scales. We quantified temporal coherence as the correlation between all possible site pairs for each solute on a seasonal basis. In the summer growing season and autumn, coherence among pairs of sites with similar vegetation was stronger than for site-pairs that differed in vegetation suggesting that interaction with the canopy and leaching of solutes differed in coniferous, deciduous, mixed, and shrub or open canopy sites. The spatial pattern in throughfall hydrologic inputs across Acadia National Park was more variable during the winter snow season, suggesting that snow re-distribution affects net hydrologic input, which consequently affects chemical flux. Sea-salt corrected calcium concentrations identified a shift in air mass sources from maritime in winter to the continental industrial corridor in summer. Our results suggest that the spatial pattern of throughfall hydrologic flux, dominant seasonal air mass source, and relationship with vegetation in winter differ from the spatial pattern of throughfall flux in these solutes in summer and autumn. The coherence approach applied here made clear the strong influence of spatial heterogeneity in throughfall hydrologic inputs and a maritime air mass source on winter patterns of throughfall flux. By contrast, vegetation type was the most important influence on throughfall chemical flux in summer and autumn.
C1 [Nelson, Sarah J.] Univ Maine, Senator George J Mitchell Ctr Environm & Watershe, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Nelson, Sarah J.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Webster, Katherine E.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Nat Sci, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Loftin, Cynthia S.] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Weathers, Kathleen C.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA.
RP Nelson, SJ (reprint author), Univ Maine, Senator George J Mitchell Ctr Environm & Watershe, 5710 Norman Smith Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM sarah.j.nelson@maine.edu; websterk@tcd.ie; cynthia.loftin@maine.edu;
weathersk@caryinstitute.org
OI Webster, Katherine/0000-0002-6009-0146
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
EI 1573-515X
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 116
IS 1-3
BP 147
EP 160
DI 10.1007/s10533-013-9884-7
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 268VD
UT WOS:000328197800011
ER
PT J
AU McDowell, WH
Brereton, RL
Scatena, FN
Shanley, JB
Brokaw, NV
Lugo, AE
AF McDowell, William H.
Brereton, Richard L.
Scatena, Frederick N.
Shanley, James B.
Brokaw, Nicholas V.
Lugo, Ariel E.
TI Interactions between lithology and biology drive the long-term response
of stream chemistry to major hurricanes in a tropical landscape
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Watershed; Hurricane; Disturbance; Tropics; Nitrate; Potassium; Riparian
zone; Stream chemistry
ID LUQUILLO EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; PUERTO-RICO; RAIN-FOREST; NITROGEN
DYNAMICS; ORGANIC-CARBON; WATERSHEDS; ECOSYSTEMS; RIPARIAN; FLUXES;
DISTURBANCE
AB Humid tropical forests play a dominant role in many global biogeochemical cycles, yet long-term records of tropical stream chemistry and its response to disturbance events such as severe storms and droughts are rare. Here we document the long-term variability in chemistry of two streams in the Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico over a period of 27 years. Our two focal study watersheds, the Rio Icacos and Quebrada Sonadora, both drain several hundred hectares of tropical wet forests, and each received direct hits from Hurricanes Hugo (1989) and Georges (1998). They differ primarily in lithology (granitic vs. volcaniclastic) and elevation. Changes in major cations, anions, silica, and dissolved organic carbon were minimal over the study period, but the concentrations of nitrate show a strong response to hurricane disturbance and the longest time to recovery. Potassium also showed a large, although less consistent, response to disturbance. In the granitic terrain, nitrate concentrations exceeded long-term pre-hurricane background levels for over a decade, but were elevated in the volcaniclastic terrain for only 1-2 years. Lithology appears to be the primary driver explaining the different response trajectories of the two watersheds. In the granitic terrain, which showed slow recovery to pre-hurricane conditions, the quartz diorite bedrock weathers to produce coarser soils, deeper groundwater flow paths, and riparian zones with sharp spatial variation in redox conditions and very high nitrogen levels immediately adjacent to the stream. Groundwater flow paths are shallow and the levels of N in streamside groundwater are much lower in the volcaniclastic terrain. The recovery of vegetation following hurricane disturbance appears similar in the two watersheds, suggesting that the extent of structural damage to canopy trees determines the magnitude of NO3 increases, but that the duration of elevated concentrations in stream water is a function of lithology.
C1 [McDowell, William H.; Brereton, Richard L.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Scatena, Frederick N.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Shanley, James B.] US Geol Survey, Montpelier, VT USA.
[Brokaw, Nicholas V.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Environm Sci, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA.
[Lugo, Ariel E.] USDA Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR USA.
RP McDowell, WH (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM bill.mcdowell@unh.edu; rich.brereton@gmail.com; jshanley@usgs.gov;
nbrokaw@lternet.edu; alugo@fs.fed.us
RI McDowell, William/E-9767-2010
OI McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047
FU DOE; [NSF: BSR-8718396]; [BSR-9007498]; [DEB-9981600];
[DEB-0087248]; [DEB-0108385]; [DEB-0620919]; [DEB-0816727]; [EAR
0722476]
FX We thank John Bithorn, Carlos Estrada, Carlos Torrens, Mary Jean
Sanchez, and Miriam Salgado for field sampling and sample processing.
Alejo Estrada, Alonso Ramirez and Grizelle Gonzalez provided site
management and supervision that greatly facilitated long-term sampling.
Jeff Merriam and Jody Potter provided critical assistance in sample
analysis. Funding was provided by DOE and multiple grants from NSF:
BSR-8718396, BSR-9007498, DEB-9981600, DEB-0087248, DEB-0108385,
DEB-0620919, DEB-0816727, and EAR 0722476. This is a contribution of the
LTER program in cooperation with the University of Puerto Rico and the
USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, Rio
Piedras, PR.
NR 44
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 26
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
EI 1573-515X
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 116
IS 1-3
BP 175
EP 186
DI 10.1007/s10533-013-9916-3
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 268VD
UT WOS:000328197800013
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, JM
Wilberg, MJ
Adams, JV
Jones, ML
AF Robinson, Jason M.
Wilberg, Michael J.
Adams, Jean V.
Jones, Michael L.
TI A spatial age-structured model for describing sea lamprey (Petromyzon
marinus) population dynamics
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ST-MARYS RIVER; GREAT-LAKES; SPECIES RANGES; FISH COMMUNITY;
GENERAL-THEORY; BIOLOGY; CONSERVATION; UNCERTAINTY; MANAGEMENT;
MORTALITY
AB The control of invasive sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) presents large-scale management challenges in the Laurentian Great Lakes. No modeling approach has been developed that describes spatial dynamics of lamprey populations. We developed and validated a spatial and age-structured model and applied it to a sea lamprey population in a large river in the Great Lakes basin. We considered 75 discrete spatial areas, included a stock-recruitment function, spatial recruitment patterns, natural mortality, chemical treatment mortality, and larval metamorphosis. Recruitment was variable, and an upstream shift in recruitment location was observed over time. From 1993 to 2011, recruitment, larval abundance, and the abundance of metamorphosing individuals decreased by 80%, 84%, and 86%, respectively. The model successfully identified areas of high larval abundance and showed that areas of low larval density contribute significantly to the population. Estimated treatment mortality was less than expected but had a large population-level impact. The results and general approach of this work have applications for sea lamprey control throughout the Great Lakes and for the restoration and conservation of native lamprey species globally.
C1 [Robinson, Jason M.; Wilberg, Michael J.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Adams, Jean V.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Wilberg, Michael J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Robinson, JM (reprint author), Fed Energy Regulatory Commiss, Div Hydropower Licensing, 888 1st St NE, Washington, DC 20426 USA.
EM jason.robinson@ferc.gov
RI Wilberg, Michael/D-6289-2013
OI Wilberg, Michael/0000-0001-8982-5946
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission
FX This research was supported by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission. Brian
Irwin, Mike Steeves, Mike Fodale, Andy Treble, Kevin Tallon, Roger
Bergstedt, Jessica Barber, and Nick Johnson provided valuable insights.
We also thank the staff of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sault Ste.
Marie, Ontario, for providing field support for this effort. This is
publication number 4800 of the University of Maryland Center for
Environmental Science Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, contribution
number 1777 of the Great Lakes Science Center, and number 2013-11 of the
MSU Quantitative Fisheries Center. Use of trade, product, or firm name
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 47
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 25
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 12
BP 1709
EP 1722
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0375
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 269WH
UT WOS:000328273100006
ER
PT J
AU Yule, DL
Adams, JV
Warner, DM
Hrabik, TR
Kocovsky, PM
Weidel, BC
Rudstam, LG
Sullivan, PJ
AF Yule, Daniel L.
Adams, Jean V.
Warner, David M.
Hrabik, Thomas R.
Kocovsky, Patrick M.
Weidel, Brian C.
Rudstam, Lars G.
Sullivan, Patrick J.
TI Evaluating analytical approaches for estimating pelagic fish biomass
using simulated fish communities
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; HERRING COREGONUS-ARTEDI; DIEL VERTICAL
MIGRATION; SITU TARGET-STRENGTH; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; ACOUSTIC
SURVEYS; RAINBOW-SMELT; MULTIFREQUENCY METHOD; CLASSIFICATION TREES;
SUPERIOR
AB Pelagic fish assessments often combine large amounts of acoustic-based fish density data and limited midwater trawl information to estimate species-specific biomass density. We compared the accuracy of five apportionment methods for estimating pelagic fish biomass density using simulated communities with known fish numbers that mimic Lakes Superior, Michigan, and Ontario, representing a range of fish community complexities. Across all apportionment methods, the error in the estimated biomass generally declined with increasing effort, but methods that accounted for community composition changes with water column depth performed best. Correlations between trawl catch and the true species composition were highest when more fish were caught, highlighting the benefits of targeted trawling in locations of high fish density. Pelagic fish surveys should incorporate geographic and water column depth stratification in the survey design, use apportionment methods that account for species-specific depth differences, target midwater trawling effort in areas of high fish density, and include at least 15 midwater trawls. With relatively basic biological information, simulations of fish communities and sampling programs can optimize effort allocation and reduce error in biomass estimates.
C1 [Yule, Daniel L.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
[Adams, Jean V.; Warner, David M.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Hrabik, Thomas R.] Univ Minnesota, Duluth, MN 55812 USA.
[Kocovsky, Patrick M.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Weidel, Brian C.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Ontario Biol Stn, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
[Rudstam, Lars G.; Sullivan, Patrick J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Rudstam, Lars G.; Sullivan, Patrick J.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Biol Field Stn, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
RP Yule, DL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, 2800 Lakeshore Dr East, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
EM dyule@usgs.gov
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission (GLFC)-Science Transfer Fund
FX This manuscript developed from a workshop funded by the Great Lakes
Fishery Commission (GLFC)-Science Transfer Fund, held in Sandusky, Ohio,
during September 2010. We thank workshop participants for their
attendance and feedback. Special thanks to Sarah Seegert of the GLFC for
administering our budget. Laura Graf helped format the manuscript. The
quality of the manuscript was improved based on reviews by Jason
Stockwell and two anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government. This article is Contribution 1781 of
the US Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 62
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 14
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 12
BP 1845
EP 1857
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0072
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 269WH
UT WOS:000328273100017
ER
PT J
AU Duniway, MC
Miller, ME
Brown, J
Toevs, G
AF Duniway, Michael C.
Miller, Mark E.
Brown, Joel
Toevs, Gordon
TI An alternative to soil taxonomy for describing key soil characteristics
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Duniway, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA.
[Miller, Mark E.] Natl Pk Serv, Southeast Utah Grp, Moab, UT USA.
[Brown, Joel] Jornada Expt Range, USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Las Cruces, NM USA.
[Toevs, Gordon] Bur Land Management, Assessment Inventory & Monitoring Program, Washington, DC USA.
RP Duniway, MC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA.
EM mduniway@usgs.gov
OI Duniway, Michael/0000-0002-9643-2785
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 18
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 10
BP 527
EP 528
DI 10.1890/13.WB.020
PG 2
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 257XJ
UT WOS:000327420800006
ER
PT J
AU Nishida, C
Boal, CW
DeStefano, S
Hobbs, RJ
AF Nishida, Catherine
Boal, Clint W.
DeStefano, Stephen
Hobbs, Royden J.
TI NESTING HABITAT AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SWAINSON'S HAWKS IN SOUTHEASTERN
ARIZONA
SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Swainson's Hawk; Buteo swainsoni; Arizona; breeding success; habitat;
nest-site selection; reproductive rate
ID CALIFORNIA; REPRODUCTION; ARGENTINA; SELECTION; ECOLOGY; DENSITY;
PRAIRIE; VALLEY
AB We studied Swainson's Hawks (Buteo swainsoni) in southeastern Arizona to assess the status of the local breeding population. Nest success (>= 1 young fledged) was 44.4% in 1999 with an average of 1.43 +/- 0.09 (SE) young produced per successful pair. Productivity was similar in 2000, with 58.2% nesting success and 1.83 +/- 0.09 fledglings per successful pair. Mesquite (Prosopis velutina) and cottonwood (Populus fremontii) accounted for >50% of 167 nest trees. Nest trees were taller than surrounding trees and random trees, and overall there was more vegetative cover at nest sites than random sites. This apparent requirement for cover around nest sites could be important for management of the species in Arizona. However, any need for cover at nest sites must be balanced with the need for open areas for foraging. Density of nesting Swainson's Hawks was higher in agriculture than in grasslands and desert scrub. Breeding pairs had similar success in agricultural and nonagricultural areas, but the effect of rapid and widespread land-use change on breeding distribution and productivity continues to be a concern throughout the range of the species.
C1 [Nishida, Catherine] Pueblo Santa Ana, Dept Nat Resources, Santa Ana Pueblo, NM 87004 USA.
[Boal, Clint W.] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[DeStefano, Stephen] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Hobbs, Royden J.] Fullerton Coll, Dept Environm Sci, Fullerton, CA 92832 USA.
RP Nishida, C (reprint author), Pueblo Santa Ana, Dept Nat Resources, 02 Dove Rd, Santa Ana Pueblo, NM 87004 USA.
EM clint.boal@ttu.edu
FU Arizona Game; Fish Heritage Fund [198013]
FX Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank the
Arizona Game and Fish Heritage Fund as the source of funding for this
project (198013). Eric Albrecht, Kristin Lucas, and Chris West assisted
with field surveys and monitoring. For help identifying plants, we thank
Rich Hoyer and Phil Jenkins. Robert Steidl, Gabriel Martinez, Josef
Schmutz, Charles Preston, and three anonymous reviewers provided many
helpful suggestions on earlier drafts of this manuscript. We thank all
the landowners in southeastern Arizona who gave us permission to monitor
birds and measure vegetation on their land. Without support from the
local community, this study would not have been possible.
NR 44
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 14
PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC
PI HASTINGS
PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA
SN 0892-1016
EI 2162-4569
J9 J RAPTOR RES
JI J. Raptor Res.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 4
BP 377
EP 384
PG 8
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 264VB
UT WOS:000327908000004
ER
PT J
AU O'Connell, MP
Kochert, MN
AF O'Connell, Matt P.
Kochert, Michael N.
TI INTERACTIONS BETWEEN A GROUP OF GOLDEN EAGLES AND A HERD OF NORTH
AMERICAN ELK
SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Letter
DE Golden Eagle; Aquila chrysaetos; elk; Cenrus canadensis; behavior; group
hunting; play; Idaho
C1 [O'Connell, Matt P.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Nampa, ID 83686 USA.
[Kochert, Michael N.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Snake River Field Stn, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
RP O'Connell, MP (reprint author), Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 3101 South Powerline Rd, Nampa, ID 83686 USA.
EM mkochert@usgs.gov
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 9
PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC
PI HASTINGS
PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA
SN 0892-1016
EI 2162-4569
J9 J RAPTOR RES
JI J. Raptor Res.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 4
BP 416
EP 418
PG 3
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 264VB
UT WOS:000327908000009
ER
PT J
AU Pagel, JE
Schmitt, NJ
AF Pagel, Joel E.
Schmitt, N. John
TI AMERICAN MARTEN REMAINS WITHIN PEREGRINE FALCON PREY SAMPLE IN
YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK
SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Letter
DE Peregrine Falcon; Falco peregrinus; American Marten; Martes americana;
nest; prey remains; Yellowstone National Park
C1 [Pagel, Joel E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Carlsbad, CA 92011 USA.
[Schmitt, N. John] Western Fdn Vertebrate Zool, Camarillo, CA 93012 USA.
RP Pagel, JE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 2177 Salk Ave, Carlsbad, CA 92011 USA.
EM joel_pagel@fws.gov
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 11
PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC
PI HASTINGS
PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA
SN 0892-1016
EI 2162-4569
J9 J RAPTOR RES
JI J. Raptor Res.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 4
BP 419
EP 420
PG 2
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 264VB
UT WOS:000327908000010
ER
PT J
AU Choi, J
Jeon, S
Johnson, NS
Brant, CO
Li, WM
AF Choi, Jongeun
Jeon, Soo
Johnson, Nicholas S.
Brant, Cory O.
Li, Weiming
TI Odor-conditioned rheotaxis of the sea lamprey: modeling, analysis and
validation
SO BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHEROMONE; PLUMES; ORIENTATION; MOVEMENT; MOTHS
AB Mechanisms for orienting toward and locating an odor source are sought in both biology and engineering. Chemical ecology studies have demonstrated that adult female sea lamprey show rheotaxis in response to a male pheromone with dichotomous outcomes: sexually mature females locate the source of the pheromone whereas immature females swim by the source and continue moving upstream. Here we introduce a simple switching mechanism modeled after odor-conditioned rheotaxis for the sea lamprey as they search for the source of a pheromone in a one-dimensional riverine environment. In this strategy, the females move upstream only if they detect that the pheromone concentration is higher than a threshold value and drifts down ( by turning off control action to save energy) otherwise. In addition, we propose various uncertainty models such as measurement noise, actuator disturbance, and a probabilistic model of a concentration field in turbulent flow. Based on the proposed model with uncertainties, a convergence analysis showed that with this simplistic switching mechanism, the lamprey converges to the source location on average in spite of all such uncertainties. Furthermore, a slightly modified model and its extensive simulation results explain the behaviors of immature female lamprey near the source location.
C1 [Choi, Jongeun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Choi, Jongeun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Jeon, Soo] Univ Waterloo, Dept Mech & Mechatron Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Johnson, Nicholas S.] USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Brant, Cory O.; Li, Weiming] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Choi, J (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM jchoi@egr.msu.edu
OI Choi, Jongeun/0000-0002-7532-5315
FU National Science Foundation through CAREER award [CMMI-0846547]; Great
Lakes Fishery Commission
FX The work of the first author JC has been supported by the National
Science Foundation through CAREER award CMMI-0846547. The other authors
except the second author SJ were supported by the Great Lakes Fishery
Commission. This article is Contribution 1794 of the U. S. Geological
Survey Great Lakes Science Center. There is no conflict of interest.
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 15
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-3182
EI 1748-3190
J9 BIOINSPIR BIOMIM
JI Bioinspir. Biomim.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR 046011
DI 10.1088/1748-3182/8/4/046011
PG 9
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials;
Robotics
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Robotics
GA 262ZV
UT WOS:000327777300020
PM 24200699
ER
PT J
AU Allstadt, K
Vidale, JE
Frankel, AD
AF Allstadt, Kate
Vidale, John E.
Frankel, Arthur D.
TI A Scenario Study of Seismically Induced Landsliding in Seattle Using
Broadband Synthetic Seismograms
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID AVERAGE HORIZONTAL COMPONENT; GROUND-MOTION; WASHINGTON-STATE;
PUGET-SOUND; SITE RESPONSE; WESTERN WASHINGTON; LAKE WASHINGTON; HAZARD
ANALYSIS; FAULT ZONE; EARTHQUAKE
AB We demonstrate the value of utilizing broadband synthetic seismograms to assess regional seismically induced landslide hazard. Focusing on a case study of an M-w 7.0 Seattle fault earthquake in Seattle, Washington, we computed broadband synthetic seismograms that account for rupture directivity and 3D basin amplification. We then adjusted the computed motions on a fine grid for 1D amplifications based on the site response of typical geologic profiles in Seattle and used these time-series ground motions to trigger shallow landsliding using the Newmark method. The inclusion of these effects was critical in determining the extent of landsliding triggered. We found that for inertially triggered slope failures modeled by the Newmark method, the ground motions used to simulate landsliding must have broadband frequency content in order to capture the full slope displacement. We applied commonly used simpler methods based on ground-motion prediction equations for the same scenario and found that they predicted far fewer landslides if only the mean values were used, but far more at the maximum range of the uncertainties, highlighting the danger of using just the mean values for such methods. Our results indicate that landsliding triggered by a large Seattle fault earthquake will be extensive and potentially devastating, causing direct losses and impeding recovery. The high impact of landsliding predicted by this simulation shows that this secondary effect of earthquakes should be studied with as much vigor as other earthquake effects.
C1 [Allstadt, Kate; Vidale, John E.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Frankel, Arthur D.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Allstadt, K (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Johnson Hall Rm 070,Box 351310,4000 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM allstadt@uw.edu
RI Vidale, John/H-4965-2011
OI Vidale, John/0000-0002-3658-818X
FU USGS [G11AP20012]
FX Research supported by the USGS Award Number G11AP20012. Randy Jibson and
Ed Harp reviewed the manuscript. We thank the Associate Editor and the
anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. In addition, many thanks
to Randy Jibson, Steve Kramer, Ed Harp, Andy Delorey, Kathy Troost, John
Michael, Tim Walsh, Isabelle Sarikhan, and the City of Seattle for
sharing data, ideas, and advice.
NR 92
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 15
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 6
BP 2971
EP 2992
DI 10.1785/0120130051
PG 22
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 256NP
UT WOS:000327319900002
ER
PT J
AU Snover, AK
Mantua, NJ
Littell, JS
Alexander, MA
Mcclure, MM
Nye, J
AF Snover, Amy K.
Mantua, Nathan J.
Littell, Jeremy S.
Alexander, Michael A.
Mcclure, Michelle M.
Nye, Janet
TI Choosing and Using Climate-Change Scenarios for Ecological-Impact
Assessments and Conservation Decisions
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; freshwater; marine; risk assessment; threatened species
ID FUTURE CLIMATE; DOWNSCALING METHODS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; MODEL;
PROJECTIONS; SALMON; TEMPERATURE; HYDROLOGY; SELECTION; ENSEMBLE
AB Increased concern over climate change is demonstrated by the many efforts to assess climate effects and develop adaptation strategies. Scientists, resource managers, and decision makers are increasingly expected to use climate information, but they struggle with its uncertainty. With the current proliferation of climate simulations and downscaling methods, scientifically credible strategies for selecting a subset for analysis and decision making are needed. Drawing on a rich literature in climate science and impact assessment and on experience working with natural resource scientists and decision makers, we devised guidelines for choosing climate-change scenarios for ecological impact assessment that recognize irreducible uncertainty in climate projections and address common misconceptions about this uncertainty. This approach involves identifying primary local climate drivers by climate sensitivity of the biological system of interest; determining appropriate sources of information for future changes in those drivers; considering how well processes controlling local climate are spatially resolved; and selecting scenarios based on considering observed emission trends, relative importance of natural climate variability, and risk tolerance and time horizon of the associated decision. The most appropriate scenarios for a particular analysis will not necessarily be the most appropriate for another due to differences in local climate drivers, biophysical linkages to climate, decision characteristics, and how well a model simulates the climate parameters and processes of interest. Given these complexities, we recommend interaction among climate scientists, natural and physical scientists, and decision makers throughout the process of choosing and using climate-change scenarios for ecological impact assessment.
C1 [Snover, Amy K.; Mantua, Nathan J.; Littell, Jeremy S.] Univ Washington, Climate Impacts Grp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Mantua, Nathan J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Littell, Jeremy S.] US Geol Survey, Dept Interior, Alaska Climate Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Alexander, Michael A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, R PSD1, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Mcclure, Michelle M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Nye, Janet] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Snover, AK (reprint author), Univ Washington, Climate Impacts Grp, Box 355674, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM aksnover@uw.edu
RI McClure, Michelle/O-7853-2015; Alexander, Michael/A-7097-2013
OI McClure, Michelle/0000-0003-4791-8719; Alexander,
Michael/0000-0001-9646-6427
FU Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Cooperative Agreement
[NA10OAR4320148]
FX This publication was partially funded by the Joint Institute for the
Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration Cooperative Agreement NA10OAR4320148 and is
contribution number 2102.
NR 73
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 73
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1147
EP 1157
DI 10.1111/cobi.12163
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 259ZH
UT WOS:000327564300004
PM 24299081
ER
PT J
AU Walters, AW
Bartz, KK
McClure, MM
AF Walters, Annika W.
Bartz, Krista K.
McClure, Michelle M.
TI Interactive Effects of Water Diversion and Climate Change for Juvenile
Chinook Salmon in the Lemhi River Basin (U.S.A.)
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE carrying capacity; ESA; juvenile survival; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha;
streamflow
ID ANADROMOUS SALMONIDS; FLOW REGIMES; STREAM-FLOW; FRESH-WATER;
TEMPERATURE; MANAGEMENT; HABITAT; TROUT; POPULATIONS; RESPONSES
AB The combined effects of water diversion and climate change are a major conservation challenge for freshwater ecosystems. In the Lemhi Basin, Idaho (U.S.A.), water diversion causes changes in streamflow, and climate change will further affect streamflow and temperature. Shifts in streamflow and temperature regimes can affect juvenile salmon growth, movement, and survival. We examined the potential effects of water diversion and climate change on juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), a species listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA). To examine the effects for juvenile survival, we created a model relating 19 years of juvenile survival data to streamflow and temperature and found spring streamflow and summer temperature were good predictors of juvenile survival. We used these models to project juvenile survival for 15 diversion and climate-change scenarios. Projected survival was 42-58% lower when streamflows were diverted than when streamflows were undiverted. For diverted streamflows, 2040 climate-change scenarios (ECHO-G and CGCM3.1 T47) resulted in an additional 11-39% decrease in survival. We also created models relating habitat carrying capacity to streamflow and made projections for diversion and climate-change scenarios. Habitat carrying capacity estimated for diverted streamflows was 17-58% lower than for undiverted streamflows. Climate-change scenarios resulted in additional decreases in carrying capacity for the dry (ECHO-G) climate model. Our results indicate climate change will likely pose an additional stressor that should be considered when evaluating the effects of anthropogenic actions on salmon population status. Thus, this type of analysis will be especially important for evaluating effects of specific actions on a particular species.
C1 [Walters, Annika W.; Bartz, Krista K.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[McClure, Michelle M.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Walters, AW (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept 3166,1000 East Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM annika.walters@uwyo.edu
RI McClure, Michelle/O-7853-2015
OI McClure, Michelle/0000-0003-4791-8719
FU National Research Council
FX We thank T. Copeland, D. Venditti, J. Morrow, D. Arthaud, A. LaMontagne,
K. Troyer, D. Holzer, H. Imaki, and A. Rea for data, advice, and help
with analyses. E. Seney, D. Boughton, J. Jorgensen, C. Toole, E. Schott,
P. Levin, L. Crozier, N. Munn, and 2 anonymous reviewers provided
helpful comments on the manuscript. A. W. W. was supported by a National
Research Council postdoctoral research associateship. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 44
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1179
EP 1189
DI 10.1111/cobi.12170
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 259ZH
UT WOS:000327564300007
PM 24299084
ER
PT J
AU Grant, EHC
Zipkin, EF
Nichols, JD
Campbell, JP
AF Grant, Evan H. Campbell
Zipkin, Elise F.
Nichols, James D.
Campbell, J. Patrick
TI A Strategy for Monitoring and Managing Declines in an Amphibian
Community
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; management; monitoring; structured decision making;
uncertainty
ID STRUCTURED DECISION-MAKING; SPECIES RICHNESS; FRAGMENTATION;
CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE
AB Although many taxa have declined globally, conservation actions are inherently local. Ecosystems degrade even in protected areas, and maintaining natural systems in a desired condition may require active management. Implementing management decisions under uncertainty requires a logical and transparent process to identify objectives, develop management actions, formulate system models to link actions with objectives, monitor to reduce uncertainty and identify system state (i.e., resource condition), and determine an optimal management strategy. We applied one such structured decision-making approach that incorporates these critical elements to inform management of amphibian populations in a protected area managed by the U.S. National Park Service. Climate change is expected to affect amphibian occupancy of wetlands and to increase uncertainty in management decision making. We used the tools of structured decision making to identify short-term management solutions that incorporate our current understanding of the effect of climate change on amphibians, emphasizing how management can be undertaken even with incomplete information.
C1 [Grant, Evan H. Campbell] US Geol Survey, Silvio O Conte Anadromous Fish Lab, Turners Falls, MA USA.
[Zipkin, Elise F.; Nichols, James D.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Campbell, J. Patrick] Natl Pk Serv, Ctr Urban Ecol, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
RP Grant, EHC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Silvio O Conte Anadromous Fish Lab, 1 Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA USA.
EM ehgrant@usgs.gov
RI Grant, Evan/N-5160-2014
OI Grant, Evan/0000-0003-4401-6496
FU ARMI; USGS-National Park Monitoring Program; Inventory and Monitoring
Program of the NPS
FX We thank A. Brand and the northeast ARMI field crews, 2005-2011, P.
Nanjappa, and NPS personnel of the National Capital Region Inventory and
Monitoring program (S. Carter, G. Sanders, J. P. Schmit) and the CHOH
(S. Bell, M. Carter, C. Stubbs). This is contribution number 450 of the
U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) ARMI. Support for this project came from
ARMI, USGS-National Park Monitoring Program, and the Inventory and
Monitoring Program of the NPS. The manuscript was improved with comments
from S. Converse and 2 anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 36
TC 5
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U1 3
U2 47
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1245
EP 1253
DI 10.1111/cobi.12137
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 259ZH
UT WOS:000327564300013
PM 24001175
ER
PT J
AU Bart, J
Platte, RM
Andres, B
Brown, S
Johnson, JA
Larned, W
AF Bart, Jonathan
Platte, Robert M.
Andres, Brad
Brown, Stephen
Johnson, James A.
Larned, William
TI Importance of the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska for Aquatic Birds
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic National Wildlife Refuge; North Slope; National Petroleum
Reserve-Alaska; PRISM; Prudhoe; Bay
ID ARCTIC COASTAL-PLAIN; NORTHERN ALASKA; SHOREBIRDS; PREDATORS; FOXES;
SLOPE
AB We used data from aerial surveys (1992-2010) of >100,000km(2) and ground surveys (1998-2004) of >150km(2) to estimate the density and abundance of birds on the North Slope of Alaska (U.S.A.). In the ground surveys, we used double sampling to estimate detection ratios. We used the aerial survey data to compare densities of birds and Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), the major nest predator of birds, on the North Slope, in Prudhoe Bay, and in nearby areas. We partitioned the Prudhoe Bay oil field into 2 x 2km plots and determined the relation between density of aquatic birds and density of roads, buildings, and other infrastructure in these plots. Abundance and density (birds per square kilometer) of 3 groups of aquatic birdswaterfowl, loons, and grebes; shorebirds; and gulls, terns, and jaegerswere highest in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPRA) and lowest in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Six other major wetlands occur in the Arctic regions of Canada and Russia, but the largest population of aquatic birds was in the NPRA. Aquatic birds were concentrated in the northern part of the NPRA. For example, an area that covered 18% of the NPRA included 53% of its aquatic birds. The aerial surveys showed that bird density was not lower and fox density was not higher in Prudhoe Bay than in surrounding areas. Density of infrastructure did not significantly affect bird density for any group of species. Our results establish that the NPRA is one of the most important areas for aquatic birds in the Arctic. Our results and those of others also indicate that oil production, as practiced in Prudhoe Bay, does not necessarily lead to substantial declines in bird density or productivity in or near the developed areas.
C1 [Bart, Jonathan] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Platte, Robert M.; Johnson, James A.; Larned, William] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[Andres, Brad] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lake, CO 80215 USA.
[Brown, Stephen] Manomet Ctr Conservat Sci, Manomet, MA 02345 USA.
RP Bart, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
EM jon_bart@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Manomet Center
for Conservation Sciences
FX We thank S. Zack and N. Warnock for comments on an earlier draft. The
surveys were carried out by D. Battaglia, W. Boyd, D. Brann, B. Clock,
P. Cotter, S. Dieni, S. Earnst, C. Eldermire, S. Fellows, B. Harrington,
R. Hunnewell, A. Johnson, H. Johnson, P. Lemons, M. McGarvey, P. Mullen,
R. Pagen, N. Parker, L. Payne, B. Peterjohn, D. Poinsette, E. Rasmussen,
A. Schmidt, S. Schulte, N. Senner, E. Urban, E. Wells, and B. Winn. M.
McGarvey, S. Earnst, and P. Cotter assisted with numerous logistical
details. We especially thank K. Wohl for supporting this project in its
early years. Funding was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
the U.S. Geological Survey, and Manomet Center for Conservation
Sciences. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 57
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1304
EP 1312
DI 10.1111/cobi.12133
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 259ZH
UT WOS:000327564300019
PM 23937114
ER
PT J
AU Hossack, BR
Adams, MJ
Pearl, CA
Wilson, KW
Bull, EL
Lohr, K
Patla, D
Pilliod, DS
Jones, JM
Wheeler, KK
McKay, SP
Corn, PS
AF Hossack, Blake R.
Adams, Michael J.
Pearl, Christopher A.
Wilson, Kristine W.
Bull, Evelyn L.
Lohr, Kristin
Patla, Debra
Pilliod, David S.
Jones, Jason M.
Wheeler, Kevin K.
McKay, Samuel P.
Corn, Paul Stephen
TI Roles of Patch Characteristics, Drought Frequency, and Restoration in
Long-Term Trends of a Widespread Amphibian
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE amphibian decline; climate change; constructed ponds; fragmentation;
human footprint index; hydroperiod; monitoring; restoration; state-space
model
ID COLUMBIA SPOTTED FROG; RANA-LUTEIVENTRIS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS;
UNITED-STATES; HABITAT; PONDS; MITIGATION; LANDSCAPE; WETLANDS; CLIMATE
AB Despite the high profile of amphibian declines and the increasing threat of drought and fragmentation to aquatic ecosystems, few studies have examined long-term rates of change for a single species across a large geographic area. We analyzed growth in annual egg-mass counts of the Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris) across the northwestern United States, an area encompassing 3 genetic clades. On the basis of data collected by multiple partners from 98 water bodies between 1991 and 2011, we used state-space and linear-regression models to measure effects of patch characteristics, frequency of summer drought, and wetland restoration on population growth. Abundance increased in the 2 clades with greatest decline history, but declined where populations are considered most secure. Population growth was negatively associated with temporary hydroperiods and landscape modification (measured by the human footprint index), but was similar in modified and natural water bodies. The effect of drought was mediated by the size of the water body: populations in large water bodies maintained positive growth despite drought, whereas drought magnified declines in small water bodies. Rapid growth in restored wetlands in areas of historical population declines provided strong evidence of successful management. Our results highlight the importance of maintaining large areas of habitat and underscore the greater vulnerability of small areas of habitat to environmental stochasticity. Similar long-term growth rates in modified and natural water bodies and rapid, positive responses to restoration suggest pond construction and other forms of management can effectively increase population growth. These tools are likely to become increasingly important to mitigate effects of increased drought expected from global climate change.
C1 [Hossack, Blake R.; Corn, Paul Stephen] US Geol Survey, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Inst, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Adams, Michael J.; Pearl, Christopher A.] US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Wilson, Kristine W.; Jones, Jason M.] Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA.
[Bull, Evelyn L.] E Bull US Forest Serv, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
[Lohr, Kristin] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Nampa, ID 83686 USA.
[Patla, Debra] Northern Rockies Conservat Cooperat, Jackson, WY 83001 USA.
[Pilliod, David S.] US Geol Survey, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Wheeler, Kevin K.] Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Hurricane, UT 84737 USA.
[McKay, Samuel P.] Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Ogden, UT 84405 USA.
RP Hossack, BR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Inst, 790 East Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
EM blake_hossack@usgs.gov
NR 59
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 5
U2 77
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 6
BP 1410
EP 1420
DI 10.1111/cobi.12119
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 259ZH
UT WOS:000327564300029
PM 24033460
ER
PT J
AU Otto, CRV
Bailey, LL
Roloff, GJ
AF Otto, Clint R. V.
Bailey, Larissa L.
Roloff, Gary J.
TI Improving species occupancy estimation when sampling violates the
closure assumption
SO ECOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; MONITORING TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; DETECTION
PROBABILITY PARAMETERS; RED-BACKED SALAMANDER; PLETHODON-CINEREUS;
IMPERFECT DETECTION; ROBUST DESIGN; COVER OBJECT; TRADE-OFFS; ABUNDANCE
AB Site occupancy models that account for imperfect detection of species are increasingly utilized in ecological research and wildlife monitoring. Occupancy models require replicate surveys to estimate detection probability over a time period where the occupancy status at sampled sites is assumed closed. Unlike mark-recapture models, few studies have examined how violations of closure can bias occupancy estimates. Our study design allowed us to differentiate among two processes that violate the closure assumption during a sampling season: 1) repeated destructive sampling events that result in either short- or long-term site avoidance by the target species and 2) sampling occurring over a time period during which non-random movements of the target species result in variable occupancy status. We used dynamic occupancy models to quantify the potential bias in occupancy estimation associated with these processes for a terrestrial salamander system. Our results provide strong evidence of a systematic decrease in salamander occupancy within a field season. Chronic disturbance due to repeated searches of natural cover objects accelerated natural declines in species occurrence on the forest surface as summer progressed. We also observed a strong but temporary disturbance effect on salamander detection probability associated with repeated sampling within a 24-h. period. We generalized our findings by conducting a simulation to evaluate how violations of closure can bias occupancy estimates when local extinction occurs within a sampling season. Our simulation study revealed general sensitivity of estimates from single-season occupancy models to violations of closure, with the strength and direction of bias varying between scenarios. Bias was minimal when extinction proba bility or the number of sample occasions was relatively low. Our research highlights the importance of addressing closure in occupancy studies and we provide multiple solutions, using both design- and model-based frameworks, for minimizing bias associated with non-random changes in occupancy and repeated sampling disturbances.
C1 [Otto, Clint R. V.; Roloff, Gary J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48854 USA.
[Otto, Clint R. V.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Bailey, Larissa L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Otto, CRV (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 13 Nat Resources Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48854 USA.
EM cotto@usgs.gov
RI Bailey, Larissa/A-2565-2009
FU Michigan Dept of Natural Resources-Wildlife Division
FX We thank Andrew Coleman and Rachelle Sterling for their assistance in
the collection of field data. Mike Donovan and Kerry Fitzpatrick helped
develop project objectives. A. J. Kroll, William Kendall, Elise Zipkin,
and one anonymous reviewer provided insightful comments on an earlier
version. Gary White and Ken Burnham provided analysis suggestions.
Support for this project was provided by the Michigan Dept of Natural
Resources-Wildlife Division.
NR 54
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Z9 7
U1 6
U2 50
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-7590
EI 1600-0587
J9 ECOGRAPHY
JI Ecography
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 12
BP 1299
EP 1309
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00137.x
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 262ZY
UT WOS:000327777600006
ER
PT J
AU Deardorff, ER
Nofchissey, RA
Cook, JA
Hope, AG
Tsvetkova, A
Talbot, SL
Ebel, GD
AF Deardorff, Eleanor R.
Nofchissey, Robert A.
Cook, Joseph A.
Hope, Andrew G.
Tsvetkova, Albina
Talbot, Sandra L.
Ebel, Gregory D.
TI Powassan Virus in Mammals, Alaska and New Mexico, USA, and Russia,
2004-2007
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID DEER TICK VIRUS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; NORTH-AMERICA; NEW-ENGLAND;
ENCEPHALITIS; CALIFORNIA
AB Powassan virus is endemic to the United States, Canada, and the Russian Far East. We report serologic evidence of circulation of this virus in Alaska, New Mexico, and Siberia. These data support further studies of viral ecology in rapidly changing Arctic environments.
C1 [Deardorff, Eleanor R.; Nofchissey, Robert A.; Cook, Joseph A.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Hope, Andrew G.; Talbot, Sandra L.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Tsvetkova, Albina] Inst Biol, Moscow, Russia.
[Ebel, Gregory D.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Deardorff, ER (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, MS CO3-2020 Biol,1 Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM edeardor@unm.edu
RI Ebel, Gregory/D-8324-2017;
OI Cook, Joseph/0000-0003-3985-0670
FU National Science Foundation [0415668]
FX This study was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant
0415668).
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 13
PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
EI 1080-6059
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 12
BP 2012
EP 2016
DI 10.3201/eid1912.130319
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 263RV
UT WOS:000327826600020
PM 24274336
ER
PT J
AU Bogich, TL
Anthony, SJ
Nichols, JD
AF Bogich, Tiffany L.
Anthony, Simon J.
Nichols, James D.
TI Surveillance theory applied to virus detection: a case for targeted
discovery
SO FUTURE VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE adaptive management; detection; modeling; structured decision-making;
surveillance; virus discovery
ID BORNA-DISEASE AGENT; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; VACCINATION STRATEGIES;
PATHOGEN DISCOVERY; OPTIMAL MANAGEMENT; HOST-SPECIFICITY; TRANSMISSION;
CORONAVIRUS; UNCERTAINTY; EMERGENCE
AB Virus detection and mathematical modeling have gone through rapid developments in the past decade. Both offer new insights into the epidemiology of infectious disease and characterization of future risk; however, modeling has not yet been applied to designing the best surveillance strategies for viral and pathogen discovery. We review recent developments and propose methods to integrate viral and pathogen discovery and mathematical modeling through optimal surveillance theory, arguing for a more targeted approach to novel virus detection guided by the principles of adaptive management and structured decision-making.
C1 [Bogich, Tiffany L.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Bogich, Tiffany L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Anthony, Simon J.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Infect & Immun, New York, NY USA.
[Anthony, Simon J.] EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY USA.
[Nichols, James D.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
RP Bogich, TL (reprint author), NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM tbogich@princeton.edu
OI Bogich, Tiffany/0000-0002-8143-5289
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 12
PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
PI LONDON
PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3
1QB, ENGLAND
SN 1746-0794
EI 1746-0808
J9 FUTURE VIROL
JI Future Virol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 12
BP 1201
EP 1206
DI 10.2217/fvl.13.105
PG 6
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 258PE
UT WOS:000327470400010
ER
PT J
AU Zimmerman, GS
Millspaugh, JJ
Link, WA
Woods, RJ
Gutierrez, RJ
AF Zimmerman, Guthrie S.
Millspaugh, Joshua J.
Link, William A.
Woods, Rami J.
Gutierrez, R. J.
TI A flexible Bayesian hierarchical approach for analyzing spatial and
temporal variation in the fecal corticosterone levels in birds when
there is imperfect knowledge of individual identity
SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian hierarchical model; Bonasa umbellus; Fecal corticosterone;
Ruffed grouse; Stress
ID RUFFED GROUSE POPULATION; STRESS; METABOLITES; VALIDATION; DROPPINGS;
SELECTION
AB Population cycles have long interested biologists. The ruffed grouse, Bonasa umbellus, is one such species whose populations cycle over most of their range. Thus, much effort has been expended to understand the mechanisms that might control cycles in this and other species. Corticosterone metabolites are widely used in studies of animals to measure physiological stress. We evaluated corticosterone metabolites in feces of territorial male grouse as a potential tool to study mechanisms governing grouse cycles. However, like most studies of corticosterone in wild animals, we did not know the identity of all individuals for which we had fecal samples. This presented an analytical problem that resulted in either pseudoreplication or confounding. Therefore, we derived an analytical approach that accommodated for uncertainty in individual identification. Because we had relatively low success capturing birds, we estimated turnover probabilities of birds on territorial display sites based on capture histories of a limited number of birds we captured. Hence, we developed a study design and modeling approach to quantify variation in corticosterone levels among individuals and through time that would be applicable to any field study of corticosterone in wild animals. Specifically, we wanted a sampling design and model that was flexible enough to partition variation among individuals, spatial units, and years, while incorporating environmental covariates that would represent potential mechanisms. We conducted our study during the decline phase of the grouse cycle and found high variation among corticosterone samples (11.33-443.92 ng/g = [(x) over bar = 113.99 ng/g, SD = 69.08, median = 99.03 ng/g]). However, there were relatively small differences in corticosterone levels among years, but levels declined throughout each breeding season, which was opposite our predictions for stress hormones correlating with a declining population. We partitioned the residual variation into site, bird, and repetition (i.e., multiple samples collected from the same bird on the same day). After accounting for years and three general periods within breeding seasons, 42% of the residual variation among observations was attributable to differences among individual birds. Thus, we attribute little influence of site on stress level of birds in our study, but disentangling individual from site effects is difficult because site and bird are confounded. Our model structures provided analytical approaches for studying species having different ecologies. Our approach also demonstrates that even incomplete information on individual identity of birds within samples is useful for analyzing these types of data. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zimmerman, Guthrie S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Millspaugh, Joshua J.; Woods, Rami J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Link, William A.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Gutierrez, R. J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Gutierrez, RJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 200 Hodson Hall,1880 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM gutie012@umn.edu
FU Minnesota Agriculture and Experiment Station [MIN-41-036]; Leigh Perkins
Graduate Fellowship; University of Minnesota (Gullion Scholarship);
University of Minnesota (Graduate School Fellowship); University of
Minnesota (Huempfner Ruffed Grouse Fund); D. H. Rusch Scholarship;
Cloquet Forestry Center; Orvis Foundation; American Museum of Natural
History's Chapman Fund
FX We thank N. Bygd, R. Heinen, T. Radtke, W. Ruhman, and D. Vincent for
assisting with field work. D. Stangle and S. Kyle helped collect data
and provided input on study design. We thank B. Washburn for lab
assistance and the University of Missouri for supporting lab facilities.
We thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved our
paper. Our study was approved by the University of Minnesota
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (Protocol #0912A75021). This
study was funded by the Minnesota Agriculture and Experiment Station
Project MIN-41-036, Leigh Perkins Graduate Fellowship, University of
Minnesota (Gullion Scholarship, Graduate School Fellowship, and
Huempfner Ruffed Grouse Fund), D. H. Rusch Scholarship, Cloquet Forestry
Center, Orvis Foundation, and The American Museum of Natural History's
Chapman Fund.
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 13
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0016-6480
EI 1095-6840
J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR
JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.
PD DEC 1
PY 2013
VL 194
BP 64
EP 70
DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.08.010
PG 7
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 266EQ
UT WOS:000328006600007
PM 24036404
ER
PT J
AU Walter, M
Gomberg, J
Schulz, W
Bodin, P
Joswig, M
AF Walter, Marco
Gomberg, Joan
Schulz, William
Bodin, Paul
Joswig, Manfred
TI Slidequake Generation versus Viscous Creep at Softrock-landslides:
Synopsis of Three Different Scenarios at Slumgullion Landslide, Heumoes
Slope, and Super-Sauze Mudslide
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTINUOUSLY MOVING LANDSLIDE; FRENCH ALPS; EARTHQUAKES; MAGNITUDE;
MOVEMENT; COLORADO
AB In this study, we describe conditions for slidequake generation at three different creeping softrock landslides: the Slumgullion landslide in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, U.S., the Heumoes slope in the Austrian Alps, and the mudslide in Super-Sauze, French Alps. From a geomorphologic point of view, all three landslides are classified as creeping landslides with average velocities between centimeters to meters per year. Associating creep with viscous flow, and considering the largely saturated, clayey consistency of the slope body, one would not expect any brittle behavior. Thus, it came as a surprise that impulsive seismic signals indicative of shear fracture could be discovered by sensitive passive monitoring methods at all three slopes. These fracture signals occur in episodes, have similar signatures as small earthquakes, and could be located within the slide bodies, Le., are evidence of slidequakes.
Our investigations identified seismic and aseismic slip in each slide, with slidequakes focusing at significant bedrock structures or at lateral boundaries. Synoptic comparison of three scenarios underlines the importance of landslide-bedrock and landslide-lateral boundary interactions under gravitational loading and Mohr-Coulomb-type failure. Comparison to frictional and asperity models of crustal- and plate-scale boundaries may pave the way to a comprehensive understanding of slidequake generation, and future slope failure prediction.
C1 [Walter, Marco] Seism Solut, D-73728 Esslingen, Germany.
[Walter, Marco; Joswig, Manfred] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Geophys, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany.
[Gomberg, Joan] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Schulz, William] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Bodin, Paul] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Walter, M (reprint author), Seism Solut, Mettinger Str 103-105, D-73728 Esslingen, Germany.
EM Marco.Walter@seismicsolutions.de
RI Super-Sauze Landslide, OMIV/B-1437-2014
OI Super-Sauze Landslide, OMIV/0000-0003-0688-3468
FU USGS's Venture Capital program; German Research Foundation (DFG) within
the research unit FOR-581
FX The authors thank Jason Kean for his contributions and the USGS's
Venture Capital program for providing support for the Slumgullion study.
We are thankful to the German Research Foundation (DFG) for their
financial support for the studies at Heumoes slope and in Super-Sauze
within the research unit FOR-581.
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 15
PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC
PI DENVER
PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA
SN 1083-1363
J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH
JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 18
IS 4
BP 269
EP 280
DI 10.2113/JEEG18.4.269
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering
GA 262QT
UT WOS:000327753400007
ER
PT J
AU De Vita, P
Napolitano, E
Godt, JW
Baum, RL
AF De Vita, P.
Napolitano, E.
Godt, J. W.
Baum, R. L.
TI Deterministic estimation of hydrological thresholds for shallow
landslide initiation and slope stability models: case study from the
Somma-Vesuvius area of southern Italy
SO LANDSLIDES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ash-fall pyroclastic deposit; Debris flows initiation; Somma-Vesuvius
ID CAMPANIA REGION; DEBRIS FLOWS; PYROCLASTIC DEPOSITS; RAINFALL
THRESHOLDS; MASS MOVEMENTS; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; Y BP; ERUPTION;
FALL; SUSCEPTIBILITY
AB Rainfall-induced debris flows involving ash-fall pyroclastic deposits that cover steep mountain slopes surrounding the Somma-Vesuvius volcano are natural events and a source of risk for urban settlements located at footslopes in the area. This paper describes experimental methods and modelling results of shallow landslides that occurred on 5-6 May 1998 in selected areas of the Sarno Mountain Range. Stratigraphical surveys carried out in initiation areas show that ash-fall pyroclastic deposits are discontinuously distributed along slopes, with total thicknesses that vary from a maximum value on slopes inclined less than 30A degrees to near zero thickness on slopes inclined greater than 50A degrees. This distribution of cover thickness influences the stratigraphical setting and leads to downward thinning and the pinching out of pyroclastic horizons. Three engineering geological settings were identified, in which most of the initial landslides that triggered debris flows occurred in May 1998 can be classified as (1) knickpoints, characterised by a downward progressive thinning of the pyroclastic mantle; (2) rocky scarps that abruptly interrupt the pyroclastic mantle; and (3) road cuts in the pyroclastic mantle that occur in a critical range of slope angle. Detailed topographic and stratigraphical surveys coupled with field and laboratory tests were conducted to define geometric, hydraulic and mechanical features of pyroclastic soil horizons in the source areas and to carry out hydrological numerical modelling of hillslopes under different rainfall conditions. The slope stability for three representative cases was calculated considering the real sliding surface of the initial landslides and the pore pressures during the infiltration process. The hydrological modelling of hillslopes demonstrated localised increase of pore pressure, up to saturation, where pyroclastic horizons with higher hydraulic conductivity pinch out and the thickness of pyroclastic mantle reduces or is interrupted. These results lead to the identification of a comprehensive hydrogeomorphological model of susceptibility to initial landslides that links morphological, stratigraphical and hydrological conditions. The calculation of intensities and durations of rainfall necessary for slope instability allowed the identification of deterministic hydrological thresholds that account for uncertainty in properties and observed rainfall intensities.
C1 [De Vita, P.; Napolitano, E.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
[Godt, J. W.; Baum, R. L.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP De Vita, P (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
EM padevita@unina.it
OI De Vita, Pantaleone/0000-0002-0692-8630; Baum, Rex/0000-0001-5337-1970
FU University of Naples "Federico II"
FX We are very grateful to Dr. Osvaldo Nelson, Dr. Davide Villano and Dr.
Simone De Simone who collaborated with us during their thesis degrees in
laborious field activities and to Dr. Enrico Di Clemente technician in
chief of the Engineering Geology and Geotechnics Laboratory at the
Department of Earth Sciences of the University of Naples "Federico II"
who directed laboratory analyses. Moreover, we acknowledge the Personnel
Short Mobility and the doctorate programs of the University of Naples
"Federico II" that funded scientific collaboration with USGS. Brian
Collins, Brian Ebel, Jeff Coe (USGS) and anonymous reviewers provided
constructive reviews of the manuscript.
NR 83
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 31
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1612-510X
EI 1612-5118
J9 LANDSLIDES
JI Landslides
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 10
IS 6
BP 713
EP 728
DI 10.1007/s10346-012-0348-2
PG 16
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA 264RG
UT WOS:000327897400003
ER
PT J
AU Guffanti, M
Miller, TP
AF Guffanti, Marianne
Miller, Thomas P.
TI A volcanic activity alert-level system for aviation: review of its
development and application in Alaska
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Aviation hazards; Hazard warning systems; Volcanic ash hazards
ID 1989-1990 ERUPTION; REDOUBT VOLCANO; OPERATIONS
AB An alert-level system for communicating volcano hazard information to the aviation industry was devised by the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) during the 1989-1990 eruption of Redoubt Volcano. The system uses a simple, color-coded ranking that focuses on volcanic ash emissions: Green-normal background; Yellow-signs of unrest; Orange-precursory unrest or minor ash eruption; Red-major ash eruption imminent or underway. The color code has been successfully applied on a regional scale in Alaska for a sustained period. During 2002-2011, elevated color codes were assigned by AVO to 13 volcanoes, eight of which erupted; for that decade, one or more Alaskan volcanoes were at Yellow on 67 % of days and at Orange or Red on 12 % of days. As evidence of its utility, the color code system is integrated into procedures of agencies responsible for air-traffic management and aviation meteorology in Alaska. Furthermore, it is endorsed as a key part of globally coordinated protocols established by the International Civil Aviation Organization to provide warnings of ash hazards to aviation worldwide. The color code and accompanying structured message (called a Volcano Observatory Notice for Aviation) comprise an effective early-warning message system according to the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction. The aviation color code system currently is used in the United States, Russia, New Zealand, Iceland, and partially in the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia. Although there are some barriers to implementation, with continued education and outreach to Volcano Observatories worldwide, greater use of the aviation color code system is achievable.
C1 [Guffanti, Marianne; Miller, Thomas P.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Guffanti, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA.
EM guffanti@usgs.gov
FU Volcano Hazards Program of the U. S. Geological Survey
FX This work was supported by the Volcano Hazards Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey. We thank Tina Neal and Patrick Muffler of the USGS
and two anonymous journal reviewers for their helpful reviews. We also
would like to express our admiration for the exemplary dedication to
public service of our many colleagues at the Alaska Volcano Observatory,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and Federal Aviation
Administration. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Geological Survey and the U. S. Government.
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
J9 NAT HAZARDS
JI Nat. Hazards
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 69
IS 3
BP 1519
EP 1533
DI 10.1007/s11069-013-0761-4
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA 264KH
UT WOS:000327875400014
ER
PT J
AU Behrendt, JC
AF Behrendt, John C.
TI Mobile magma under Antarctic ice
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT News Item
ID BENEATH; SHEET; VOLCANO
C1 [Behrendt, John C.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Behrendt, John C.] USGS, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Behrendt, JC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM john.behrendt@colorado.edu
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 10
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 12
BP 990
EP 991
PG 2
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 263HW
UT WOS:000327799500004
ER
PT J
AU Wray, JJ
Hansen, ST
Dufek, J
Swayze, GA
Murchie, SL
Seelos, FP
Skok, JR
Irwin, RP
Ghiorso, MS
AF Wray, James J.
Hansen, Sarah T.
Dufek, Josef
Swayze, Gregg A.
Murchie, Scott L.
Seelos, Frank P.
Skok, John R.
Irwin, Rossman P., III
Ghiorso, Mark S.
TI Prolonged magmatic activity on Mars inferred from the detection of
felsic rocks
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE; EVOLUTION; BASALT; CRUST
AB Rocks dominated by the silicate minerals quartz and feldspar are abundant in Earth's upper continental crust(1). Yet felsic rocks have not been widely identified on Mars(2), a planet that seems to lack plate tectonics and the associated magmatic processes that can produce evolved siliceous melts on Earth(3). If Mars once had a feldspar-rich crust that crystallized from an early magma ocean such as that on the Moon, erosion, sedimentation and volcanism have erased any clear surface evidence for widespread felsic materials. Here we report near-infrared spectral evidence from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter for felsic rocks in three geographically disparate locations on Mars. Spectral characteristics resemble those of feldspar-rich lunar anorthosites(4,5), but are accompanied by secondary alteration products (clay minerals). Thermodynamic phase equilibrium calculations demonstrate that fractional crystallization of magma compositionally similar to volcanic flows near one of the detection sites can yield residual melts with compositions consistent with our observations. In addition to an origin by significant magma evolution, the presence of felsic materials could also be explained by feldspar enrichment by fluvial weathering processes. Our finding of felsic materials in several locations on Mars suggests that similar observations by the Curiosity rover in Gale crater(6) may be more widely applicable across the planet.
C1 [Wray, James J.; Hansen, Sarah T.; Dufek, Josef] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Swayze, Gregg A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Murchie, Scott L.; Seelos, Frank P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Skok, John R.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Irwin, Rossman P., III] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Ghiorso, Mark S.] OFM Res, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Wray, JJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM jwray@gatech.edu
RI Wray, James/B-8457-2008; Murchie, Scott/E-8030-2015; Seelos,
Frank/C-7875-2016
OI Wray, James/0000-0001-5559-2179; Murchie, Scott/0000-0002-1616-8751;
Seelos, Frank/0000-0001-9721-941X
FU NASA [NNX13AH80G]
FX Portions of this work were supported by NASA Mars Data Analysis Program
grant NNX13AH80G. We thank B. Horgan for a review and H. McSween, J.
Mustard, B. Ehlmann, R. Clark and C. Viviano for discussions
NR 30
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 5
U2 37
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 12
BP 1013
EP 1017
DI 10.1038/NGEO1994
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 263HW
UT WOS:000327799500012
ER
PT J
AU Riens, JR
Schwarz, MS
Mustafa, F
Hoback, WW
AF Riens, John R.
Schwarz, Matt S.
Mustafa, Fatima
Hoback, W. Wyatt
TI Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Communities and Water Quality at Buffered and
Non-Buffered Wetland Sites on Federal Waterfowl Production Areas in the
Rainwater Basin, Nebraska
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Macroinvertebrate; Rainwater basin; Vegetative buffers; Environmental
contaminants; Water quality
ID CHIRONOMUS-TENTANS DIPTERA; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; HYALELLA-AZTECA;
ATRAZINE; AGRICULTURE; TOXICITY; CADMIUM; BIOACCUMULATION;
INVERTEBRATES; ASSEMBLAGES
AB Nebraska's Rainwater Basin has an abundance of natural wetlands and is a focal point in the annual migration corridor used by millions of waterfowl and shorebirds. However, these wetlands are in a landscape dominated by agriculture and as a result, siltation and poor water quality are continual problems. We evaluated twelve wetland sites on federally managed Waterfowl Protection Areas from 2007 - 2009 for water quality, sediment quality, and macroinvertebrate diversity. Six of the sites received agricultural runoff directly via culverts and drainage ditches (non-buffered sites) and six sites were protected from agricultural runoff by a vegetated buffer (buffered sites). Mean total number of aquatic macroinvertebrates were significantly greater (p < 0.001) for buffered sites (230 +/- 44 standard error) than non-buffered sites (97 +/- 24). Water from non-buffered sites had significantly greater turbidity, conductivity, and concentrations of chlorophyll alpha and atrazine than buffered sites in addition to consistently greater annual averages of total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Furthermore, sediments from non-buffered sites had significantly greater cadmium, potassium, sodium and zinc than buffered sites. Use of vegetative buffers to intercept direct row-crop runoff can improve water quality and aquatic macroinvertebrate diversity and abundance in Rainwater Basin wetlands.
C1 [Riens, John R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Klamath Falls, OR 97601 USA.
[Schwarz, Matt S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pierre, SD 57501 USA.
[Mustafa, Fatima] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Hoback, W. Wyatt] Univ Nebraska Kearney, Kearney, NE 68849 USA.
RP Riens, JR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1936 Calif Ave, Klamath Falls, OR 97601 USA.
EM john_riens@fws.gov
FU U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, On-Refuge Environmental Contaminants
fund; University of Nebraska at Kearney Research Services Council
FX Funding for this research was provided by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, On-Refuge Environmental Contaminants fund and the University of
Nebraska at Kearney Research Services Council. The findings and
conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
The authors would like to thank the following for their assistance with
this research: Joseph DeCant, Lourdes Mena, LaNae Hays, Jeff Drahota,
Nadeeshani Jayasena, David Marx, Kerri Farnsworth-Hoback, Keith Koupal,
Roger Grosse, Drew Prososki, Kathy Maline, Jason Gfeller, and Nancy
Riens. Thanks to Ward Laboratories for discounted analytical services.
NR 60
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 6
U2 38
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
EI 1943-6246
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 6
BP 1025
EP 1036
DI 10.1007/s13157-013-0460-7
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 257LV
UT WOS:000327386800005
ER
PT J
AU Litwin, RJ
Smoot, JP
Pavich, MJ
Oberg, E
Steury, B
Helwig, B
Markewich, HW
Santucci, VL
Sanders, G
AF Litwin, Ronald J.
Smoot, Joseph P.
Pavich, Milan J.
Oberg, Erik
Steury, Brent
Helwig, Ben
Markewich, Helaine W.
Santucci, Vincent L.
Sanders, Geoffrey
TI Rates and Probable Causes of Freshwater Tidal Marsh Failure, Potomac
River Estuary, Northern Virginia, USA
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Dredging; NationalPark; PotomacRiver; Wave erosion; Wetland erosion;
Northbound cyclonic storms
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; SHORELINE CHANGE; HABITAT
CHANGE; SEA-LEVEL; COASTAL; WETLANDS; EROSION; SEDIMENTATION;
SUBMERGENCE
AB Dyke Marsh, a distal tidal marsh along the Potomac River estuary, is diminishing rapidly in areal extent. This study documents Dyke Marsh erosion rates from the early-1860s to the present during pre-mining, mining, and post-mining phases. From the late-1930s to the mid-1970s, Dyke Marsh and the adjacent shallow riverbottom were mined for gravel, resulting in a similar to 55 % initial loss of area. Marsh loss continued during the post-mining phase (1976-2012). Causes of post-mining loss were unknown, but were thought to include Potomac River flooding. Post-mining areal-erosion rates increased from 0.138 ha yr(-1) (similar to 0.37 ac yr(-1)) to 0.516 ha yr(-1) (similar to 1.67 ac yr(-1)), and shoreline-erosion rates increased from 0.76 m yr(-1) (similar to 2.5 ft yr(-1)) to 2.60 m yr(-1) (similar to 8.5 ft yr(-1)). Results suggest the accelerating post-mining erosion reflects a process-driven feedback loop, enabled by the marsh's severely-altered geomorphic and hydrologic baseline system; the primary post-mining degradation process is wave-induced erosion from northbound cyclonic storms. Dyke Marsh erosion rates are now comparable to, or exceed, rates for proximal coastal marshes in the same region. Persistent and accelerated erosion of marshland long after cessation of mining illustrates the long-term, and potentially devastating, effects that temporally-restricted, anthropogenic destabilization can have on estuarine marsh systems.
C1 [Litwin, Ronald J.; Smoot, Joseph P.; Pavich, Milan J.] US Geol Survey, USGS Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Oberg, Erik; Steury, Brent; Helwig, Ben] Natl Pk Serv, Mclean, VA 22101 USA.
[Markewich, Helaine W.] US Geol Survey, Norcross, GA 30093 USA.
[Santucci, Vincent L.] Natl Pk Serv, Washington, DC 20005 USA.
[Sanders, Geoffrey] Natl Pk Serv, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
RP Litwin, RJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, USGS Natl Ctr, MS926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM rlitwin@usgs.gov
FU U. S. Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and
Development Program
FX This work was funded by the U. S. Geological Survey Climate and Land Use
Change Research and Development Program. We acknowledge with deep
gratitude Dottie Marshall (retired), former Superintendent of George
Washington Memorial Parkway, and Jon James, Acting Superintendent of
GWMP, for their support for this project as well as access to NPS
watercraft and associated field personnel. We thank Diane Eldridge at
the USGS for 2009 imagery of Dyke Marsh. We acknowledge with gratitude
Stephen Ambrose and Scott Stephens of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration for resource help in acquiring data on
hurricane wind events. We acknowledge Kevin Foley (USGS) and several
anonymous reviewers, whose thoughtful suggestions improved this
manuscript.
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U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
EI 1943-6246
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 6
BP 1037
EP 1061
DI 10.1007/s13157-013-0461-6
PG 25
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 257LV
UT WOS:000327386800006
ER
PT J
AU Stapanian, MA
Adams, JV
Fennessy, MS
Mack, J
Micacchion, M
AF Stapanian, Martin A.
Adams, Jean V.
Fennessy, M. Siobhan
Mack, John
Micacchion, Mick
TI Candidate Soil Indicators for Monitoring the Progress of Constructed
Wetlands Toward a Natural State: A Statistical Approach
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Wetlands; Soil chemistry; Nearest shrunken centroids; Total organic
carbon; Dry weight
ID ORGANIC-MATTER AMENDMENTS; RESTORING WETLANDS; SHRUNKEN CENTROIDS;
GENE-EXPRESSION; CREATED WETLAND; BIODIVERSITY; MITIGATION;
CLASSIFICATION; PENNSYLVANIA; RESTORATION
AB A persistent question among ecologists and environmental managers is whether constructed wetlands are structurally or functionally equivalent to naturally occurring wetlands. We examined 19 variables collected from 10 constructed and nine natural emergent wetlands in Ohio, USA. Our primary objective was to identify candidate indicators of wetland class (natural or constructed), based on measurements of soil properties and an index of vegetation integrity, that can be used to track the progress of constructed wetlands toward a natural state. The method of nearest shrunken centroids was used to find a subset of variables that would serve as the best classifiers of wetland class, and error rate was calculated using a five-fold cross-validation procedure. The shrunken differences of percent total organic carbon (% TOC) and percent dry weight of the soil exhibited the greatest distances from the overall centroid. Classification based on these two variables yielded a misclassification rate of 11 % based on cross-validation. Our results indicate that % TOC and percent dry weight can be used as candidate indicators of the status of emergent, constructed wetlands in Ohio and for assessing the performance of mitigation. The method of nearest shrunken centroids has excellent potential for further applications in ecology.
C1 [Stapanian, Martin A.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Adams, Jean V.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Fennessy, M. Siobhan] Kenyon Coll, Dept Biol, Gambier, OH 43022 USA.
[Mack, John] Cleveland Metropk, Fairview, OH 44126 USA.
[Micacchion, Mick] Midwest Biodivers Inst, Columbus, OH 43235 USA.
RP Stapanian, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
EM mstapanian@usgs.gov
OI Stapanian, Martin/0000-0001-8173-4273
NR 58
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U1 4
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
EI 1943-6246
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 6
BP 1083
EP 1094
DI 10.1007/s13157-013-0464-3
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 257LV
UT WOS:000327386800009
ER
PT J
AU Bernhardt, CE
Brandt, LA
Landacre, B
Marot, ME
Willard, DA
AF Bernhardt, Christopher E.
Brandt, Laura A.
Landacre, Bryan
Marot, Marci E.
Willard, Debra A.
TI Reconstructing Vegetation Response to AlteredHydrology and its Use for
Restoration, Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge,
Florida
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Everglades; Hydrologic change; Pollen; Restoration
ID INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; TREE ISLANDS;
EVERGLADES; LANDSCAPE; HOLOCENE; AGE
AB We present reconstructed hydrologic and vegetation trends of the last three centuries across the Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, Florida in order to understand the effects of 20th century water management. We analyzed pollen assemblages from cores at marsh sites along three transects to document vegetation and infer hydroperiod and water depth both before and after human alteration of Everglades hydrology. In the northern and central part of the Refuge, late Holocene water levels were higher and hydroperiods longer than the last 100 years. Post-1950 was a time of several different water management strategies. Pollen assemblages indicate drier conditions post-1950 in the northern and central parts of the Refuge, whereas sites in the southern Refuge are wetter and vegetation turnover is higher. Throughout the Refuge, Sagittaria pollen declines with the onset of water management, and may indicate a loss of greater variation in hydroperiods across years and water depths between seasons. Paleoecological evidence provides clear estimates of the vegetation response to hydrologic change under specific hydrologic regimes.
C1 [Bernhardt, Christopher E.; Landacre, Bryan; Willard, Debra A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Brandt, Laura A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Marot, Marci E.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Bernhardt, CE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM cbernhardt@usgs.gov
FU USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science Program, USGS CLU
RD; USFWS/USGS Quick Response Program
FX We gratefully acknowledge field and laboratory assistance from Tom
Sheehan. Reviews by Miram Jones, Lynn Wingard, and two anonymous
reviewers significantly improved the quality of the manuscript. We thank
personnel at A. R. M. Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge for their
assistance in acquiring special use permits and their generosity in
providing airboat support. We also thank Gary Matthews of Airboat USA
for his expertise in airboat access throughout the Refuge. The research
was supported by the USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science
Program, USGS CLU R&D, and the USFWS/USGS Quick Response Program. The
views expressed here do not necessarily represent the views of the U. S.
Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 50
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U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
EI 1943-6246
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 6
BP 1139
EP 1149
DI 10.1007/s13157-013-0469-y
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 257LV
UT WOS:000327386800014
ER
PT J
AU Ramey, AM
Reeves, AB
Ogawa, H
Ip, HS
Imai, K
Bui, VN
Yamaguchi, E
Silko, NY
Afonso, CL
AF Ramey, Andrew M.
Reeves, Andrew B.
Ogawa, Haruko
Ip, Hon S.
Imai, Kunitoshi
Vuong Nghia Bui
Yamaguchi, Emi
Silko, Nikita Y.
Afonso, Claudio L.
TI Genetic diversity and mutation of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1
(Newcastle disease virus) in wild birds and evidence for
intercontinental spread
SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGIC ANALYSIS; PIGEON
PARAMYXOVIRUS; NORTHERN PINTAILS; SPRING MIGRATION; UNITED-STATES;
ANAS-ACUTA; WATERFOWL; VIRULENCE; SHOREBIRDS
AB Avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1), or Newcastle disease virus, is the causative agent of Newcastle disease, one of the most economically important diseases for poultry production worldwide and a cause of periodic epizootics in wild birds in North America. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of APMV-1 isolated from migratory birds sampled in Alaska, Japan, and Russia and assessed the evidence for intercontinental virus spread using phylogenetic methods. Additionally, we predicted viral virulence using deduced amino acid residues for the fusion protein cleavage site and estimated mutation rates for the fusion gene of class I and class II migratory bird isolates. All 73 isolates sequenced as part of this study were most closely related to virus genotypes previously reported for wild birds; however, five class II genotype I isolates formed a monophyletic clade exhibiting previously unreported genetic diversity, which met criteria for the designation of a new sub-genotype. Phylogenetic analysis of wild-bird isolates provided evidence for intercontinental virus spread, specifically viral lineages of APMV-1 class II genotype I sub-genotypes Ib and Ic. This result supports migratory bird movement as a possible mechanism for the redistribution of APMV-1. None of the predicted deduced amino acid motifs for the fusion protein cleavage site of APMV-1 strains isolated from migratory birds in Alaska, Japan, and Russia were consistent with those of previously identified virulent viruses. These data therefore provide no support for these strains contributing to the emergence of avian pathogens. The estimated mutation rates for fusion genes of class I and class II wild-bird isolates were faster than those reported previously for non-virulent APMV-1 strains. Collectively, these findings provide new insight into the diversity, spread, and evolution of APMV-1 in wild birds.
C1 [Ramey, Andrew M.; Reeves, Andrew B.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Ramey, Andrew M.] Univ Georgia, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Ogawa, Haruko; Imai, Kunitoshi; Vuong Nghia Bui; Yamaguchi, Emi] Obihiro Univ Agr & Vet Med, Res Ctr Anim Hyg & Food Safety, Obihiro, Hokkaido 0808555, Japan.
[Ip, Hon S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Ramey, AM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM aramey@usgs.gov
OI Ramey, Andrew/0000-0002-3601-8400
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
FX We thank D. Williams-Coplin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
for her assistance in sequencing APMV-1 fusion genes from Russian
isolates. We are grateful to J. Pearce, T. DeGange, P. Bright, K.
Briggs, and S. Gross of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for financial
and administrative support. Numerous biologists assisted with virus
sampling, and their efforts are much appreciated. We thank past and
current members of the Diagnostic Virology Laboratory at the USGS
National Wildlife Health Center, including T. Egstad, K. Griffin, M.
Houfe, and R. Long. Y. Gillies, J. Wiley, D. Goldberg, and R. Zane of
the USGS and M. St. Peters of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
coordinated distribution of sampling materials, receipt of samples, and
data verification. We appreciate reviews provided by J. Pearce, P.
Miller (USDA), J. Phillips (University of Georgia), and two anonymous
reviewers. None of the authors have any financial interests or conflict
of interest with this article. Any use of trade names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 45
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U1 1
U2 34
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0304-8608
EI 1432-8798
J9 ARCH VIROL
JI Arch. Virol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 158
IS 12
BP 2495
EP 2503
DI 10.1007/s00705-013-1761-0
PG 9
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 253XA
UT WOS:000327121600008
PM 23807743
ER
PT J
AU Litvaitis, JA
Norment, JL
Boland, K
O'Brien, K
Stevens, R
Keirstead, D
Lee, T
Oehler, JD
Taylor, JM
Bickford, S
Tarr, MD
AF Litvaitis, John A.
Norment, Jeffrey L.
Boland, Kelly
O'Brien, Kate
Stevens, Rachel
Keirstead, Donald
Lee, Thomas
Oehler, James D.
Taylor, Jeffery M.
Bickford, Susan
Tarr, Matthew D.
TI Toward Consensus-Based Actions that Balance Invasive Plant Management
and Conservation of At-Risk Fauna
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Invasive shrubs; Shrublands; Sylvilagus transitionalis; Thickets
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; EARLY-SUCCESSIONAL HABITATS; NEW-ENGLAND
COTTONTAILS; POPULATIONS; PATTERNS; FORESTS; RESTORATION; SHRUBLANDS;
SONGBIRD; IMPACTS
AB Limiting the spread of invasive plants has become a high priority among natural resource managers. Yet in some regions, invasive plants are providing important habitat components to native animals that are at risk of local or regional extirpation. In these situations, removing invasive plants may decrease short-term survival of the at-risk taxa. At the same time, there may be a reluctance to expand invaded habitats to benefit at-risk species because such actions may increase the distribution of invasive plants. Such a dilemma can result in "management paralysis," where no action is taken either to reduce invasive plants or to expand habitats for at-risk species. A pragmatic solution to this dilemma may be to develop an approach that considers site-specific circumstances. We constructed a "discussion tree" as a means of initiating conversations among various stakeholders involved with managing habitats in the northeastern USA to benefit several at-risk taxa, including New England cottontails (Sylvilagus transitionalis). Major components of this approach include recognition that expanding some invaded habitats may be essential to prevent extirpation of at-risk species, and the effective control of invasive plants is dependent on knowledge of the status of invasives on managed lands and within the surrounding landscape. By acknowledging that management of invasive plants is a complex issue without a single solution, we may be successful in limiting their spread while still addressing critical habitat needs.
C1 [Litvaitis, John A.; Lee, Thomas] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Norment, Jeffrey L.; Keirstead, Donald] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Bangor, ME 04401 USA.
[Boland, Kelly; O'Brien, Kate] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Rachel Carson Natl Wildlife Refuge, Wells, ME 04090 USA.
[Stevens, Rachel] Great Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Greenland, NH 03840 USA.
[Stevens, Rachel] New Hampshire Fish & Game Dept, Greenland, NH 03840 USA.
[Oehler, James D.] New Hampshire Fish & Game Dept, Concord, NH 03301 USA.
[Taylor, Jeffery M.] Vegetat Control Serv, Athol, MA 01331 USA.
[Bickford, Susan] Wells Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Wells, ME 04090 USA.
[Tarr, Matthew D.] Univ New Hampshire Cooperat Extens, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Litvaitis, JA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM john@unh.edu
FU USDA CSREES National Research Initiative: Weedy and Invasive Species
[2006-55320-17210]
FX Portions of this paper are the consequence of activities associated with
Projects funded by USDA CSREES National Research Initiative: Weedy and
Invasive Species, Grant 2006-55320-17210 to J. Litvaitis, T. Lee, and
others. We thank D. King and K. Lombard for insightful comments on early
drafts of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article
are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, USDA Natural Resources Conservation
Service, or other institutions or organizations associated with the
authors.
NR 47
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U1 4
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
EI 1432-1009
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 6
BP 1313
EP 1319
DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0157-y
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 253YR
UT WOS:000327126800001
PM 23982737
ER
PT J
AU Clow, DW
Forrester, H
Miller, B
Roop, H
Sickman, JO
Ryu, H
Domingo, JS
AF Clow, David W.
Forrester, Harrison
Miller, Benjamin
Roop, Heidi
Sickman, James O.
Ryu, Hodon
Domingo, Jorge Santo
TI Effects of Stock Use and Backpackers on Water Quality in Wilderness in
Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Sierra Nevada; Escherichia coli; Coliform; Visitor use; Water quality
ID HIGH-ELEVATION CATCHMENTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SIERRA-NEVADA; FECAL
POLLUTION; SOURCE-TRACKING; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; UNITED-STATES; STREAMS;
LAKES; CHEMISTRY
AB During 2010-2011, a study was conducted in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (SEKI) to evaluate the influence of pack animals (stock) and backpackers on water quality in wilderness lakes and streams. The study had three main components: (1) a synoptic survey of water quality in wilderness areas of the parks, (2) paired water quality sampling above and below several areas with differing types and amounts of visitor use, and (3) intensive monitoring at six sites to document temporal variations in water quality. Data from the synoptic water quality survey indicated that wilderness lakes and streams are dilute and have low nutrient and Escherichia coli concentrations. The synoptic survey sites were categorized as minimal use, backpacker-use, or mixed use (stock and backpackers), depending on the most prevalent type of use upstream from the sampling locations. Sites with mixed use tended to have higher concentrations of most constituents (including E. coli) than those categorized as minimal-use (P a parts per thousand currency sign 0.05); concentrations at backpacker-use sites were intermediate. Data from paired-site sampling indicated that E. coli, total coliform, and particulate phosphorus concentrations were greater in streams downstream from mixed-use areas than upstream from those areas (P a parts per thousand currency sign 0.05). Paired-site data also indicated few statistically significant differences in nutrient, E. coli, or total coliform concentrations in streams upstream and downstream from backpacker-use areas. The intensive-monitoring data indicated that nutrient and E. coli concentrations normally were low, except during storms, when notable increases in concentrations of E. coli, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, and turbidity occurred. In summary, results from this study indicate that water quality in SEKI wilderness generally is good, except during storms; and visitor use appears to have a small, but statistically significant influence on stream water quality.
C1 [Clow, David W.; Roop, Heidi] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Forrester, Harrison] Natl Pk Serv, El Portal, CA USA.
[Miller, Benjamin] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Sickman, James O.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge Santo] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Clow, DW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM dwclow@usgs.gov; harrison_forrester@nps.gov; blmill@umich.edu;
h.roop@gns.cri.nz; jsickman@ucr.edu; santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov
RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011;
OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519; Miller, Benjamin/0000-0003-1647-0122;
Clow, David/0000-0001-6183-4824
FU NPS
FX The authors wish to thank Annie Esperanza, Gregg Fauth, and Sylvia
Haultain at Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks for help with
logistics and providing visitor-use data. Constructive suggestions on
the manuscript were provided by Katie Walton-Day, Erik Meyer, Don Seale,
and three anonymous reviewers. This research was supported by the NPS.
Disclaimer: Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 53
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U1 1
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
EI 1432-1009
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 6
BP 1400
EP 1414
DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0166-x
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 253YR
UT WOS:000327126800008
PM 24071726
ER
PT J
AU Young, C
Kroeger, KD
Hanson, G
AF Young, Caitlin
Kroeger, Kevin D.
Hanson, Gilbert
TI Limited denitrification in glacial deposit aquifers having thick
unsaturated zones (Long Island, USA)
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Unsaturated zone; Urban groundwater; Conceptual model;
Groundwater/surface-water relations; USA
ID GROUND-WATER AGE; VADOSE-ZONE; NEW-YORK; NITRATE CONTAMINATION; SHALLOW
GROUNDWATER; SATURATED ZONE; UNITED-STATES; NITROGEN; TRANSPORT; SOIL
AB The goal of this study was to demonstrate how the extent of denitrification, which is indirectly related to dissolved organ carbon and directly related to oxygen concentrations, can also be linked to unsaturated-zone thickness, a mappable aquifer property. Groundwater from public supply and monitoring wells in Northport on Long Island, New York state (USA), were analyzed for denitrification reaction progress using dissolved N-2/Ar concentrations by membrane inlet mass spectrometry. This technique allows for discernment of small amounts of excess N-2, attributable to denitrification. Results show an average 15 % of total nitrogen in the system was denitrified, significantly lower than model predictions of 35 % denitrification. The minimal denitrification is due to low dissolved organic carbon (29.3-41.1 mu mol L-1) and high dissolved oxygen concentrations (58-100 % oxygen saturation) in glacial sediments with minimal solid-phase electron donors to drive denitrification. A mechanism is proposed that combines two known processes for aquifer re-aeration in unconsolidated sands with thick (> 10 m) unsaturated zones. First, advective flux provides 50 % freshening of pore space oxygen in the upper 2 m due to barometric pressure changes. Then, oxygen diffusion across the water-table boundary occurs due to high volumetric air content in the unsaturated-zone catchment area.
C1 [Young, Caitlin; Hanson, Gilbert] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Kroeger, Kevin D.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Young, C (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM caitlin.young@stonybrook.edu
OI Kroeger, Kevin/0000-0002-4272-2349; Young, Caitlin/0000-0002-1381-819X
FU Suffolk County Water Authority
FX This work was supported by funding from the Suffolk County Water
Authority to the Long Island Groundwater Research Institute. The authors
would like to thank the Suffolk County Water Authority and the US
Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, for access to public-supply
wells and monitoring wells for sample collection. The authors would also
like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and
suggestions to improve this manuscript.
NR 66
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U1 1
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
EI 1435-0157
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 8
BP 1773
EP 1786
DI 10.1007/s10040-013-1038-4
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 257NH
UT WOS:000327391000008
ER
PT J
AU Bern, CR
Boehlke, AR
Engle, MA
Geboy, NJ
Schroeder, KT
Zupancic, JW
AF Bern, C. R.
Boehlke, A. R.
Engle, M. A.
Geboy, N. J.
Schroeder, K. T.
Zupancic, J. W.
TI Shallow groundwater and soil chemistry response to 3 years of subsurface
drip irrigation using coalbed-methane-produced water
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Salinization; USA; Sodium adsorption ratio; Native salts; Waste disposal
ID POWDER RIVER-BASIN; NORTH-DAKOTA; MINERALOGY; CLAY
AB Disposal of produced waters, pumped to the surface as part of coalbed methane (CBM) development, is a significant environmental issue in the Wyoming portion of the Powder River Basin, USA. High sodium adsorption ratios (SAR) of the waters could degrade agricultural land, especially if directly applied to the soil surface. One method of disposing of CBM water, while deriving beneficial use, is subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), where acidified CBM waters are applied to alfalfa fields year-round via tubing buried 0.92 m deep. Effects of the method were studied on an alluvial terrace with a relatively shallow depth to water table (similar to 3 m). Excess irrigation water caused the water table to rise, even temporarily reaching the depth of drip tubing. The rise corresponded to increased salinity in some monitoring wells. Three factors appeared to drive increased groundwater salinity: (1) CBM solutes, concentrated by evapotranspiration; (2) gypsum dissolution, apparently enhanced by cation exchange; and (3) dissolution of native Na-Mg-SO4 salts more soluble than gypsum. Irrigation with high SAR (similar to 24) water has increased soil saturated paste SAR up to 15 near the drip tubing. Importantly though, little change in SAR has occurred at the surface.
C1 [Bern, C. R.; Boehlke, A. R.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Engle, M. A.; Geboy, N. J.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Engle, M. A.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Schroeder, K. T.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Zupancic, J. W.] BeneTerra LLC, Sheridan, WY USA.
RP Bern, CR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM cbern@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey Energy Resources Program
FX We thank Kenneth Knudson for access to the site. The assistance of
numerous employees of BeneTerra, LLC is gratefully acknowledged. Funding
for this research is provided by the US Geological Survey Energy
Resources Program. We thank George Breit for assistance with mineralogy.
Rick Healy, K.J. Reddy, John Wheaton and an anonymous reviewer provided
helpful comments on earlier versions of this paper.
NR 44
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PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
EI 1435-0157
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 8
BP 1803
EP 1820
DI 10.1007/s10040-013-1058-0
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 257NH
UT WOS:000327391000010
ER
PT J
AU Kappenman, KM
Webb, MAH
Greenwood, M
AF Kappenman, K. M.
Webb, M. A. H.
Greenwood, M.
TI The effect of temperature on embryo survival and development in pallid
sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus (Forbes & Richardson 1905) and shovelnose
sturgeon S. platorynchus (Rafinesque, 1820)
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COLORADO RIVER-BASIN; YOLK-SAC LARVAE; LOWER MISSOURI RIVER; WHITE
STURGEON; ACIPENSER-TRANSMONTANUS; GAS SUPERSATURATION; LAKE STURGEON;
HABITAT USE; THERMAL REQUIREMENTS; COLUMBIA RIVER
AB The thermal response of pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus and shovelnose sturgeon S.platorynchus embryos was determined at incubation temperatures from 8 to 26 degrees C and 8 to 28 degrees C, respectively. The upper and lower temperatures with 100% (LT100) embryo mortality were 8 and 26 degrees C for pallid sturgeon and 8 and 28 degrees C for shovelnose sturgeon. It was concluded that 12-24 degrees C is the approximate thermal niche for embryos of both species. Generalized additive and additive-mixed models were used to analyze survival, developmental rate and dry weight data, and predict an optimal temperature for embryo incubation. Pallid sturgeon and shovelnose sturgeon embryo survival rates were different in intermediate and extreme temperatures. The estimated optimal temperature for embryo survival was 17-18 degrees C for both species. A significant interaction between rate of development and temperature was found in each species. No evidence was found for a difference in timing of blastopore, neural tube closure, or formation of an S-shaped heart between species at similar temperatures. The estimated effects of temperature on developmental rate ranged from linear to exponential shapes. The relationship for rate of development to temperature was relatively linear from 12 degrees C to 20 degrees C and increasingly curvilinear at temperatures exceeding 20 degrees C, suggesting an optimal temperature near 20 degrees C. Though significant differences in mean dry weights between species were observed, both predicted maximum weights occurred at approximately 18 degrees C, suggesting a temperature optimum near 18 degrees C for metabolic processes. Using thermal optimums and tolerances of embryos as a proxy to estimate spawning distributions of adults in a river with a naturally vernalized thermal regime, it is predicted that pallid sturgeon and shovelnose sturgeon spawn in the wild from 12 degrees C to 24 degrees C, with mass spawning likely occurring from 16 degrees C to 20 degrees C and with fewer individuals spawning from 12 to 15 degrees C and 21 to 24 degrees C. Hypolimnetic releases from Missouri River dams were examined; it was concluded that the cooler water has the potential to inhibit and delay sturgeon spawning and impede embryo incubation in areas downstream of the dams. Further investigations into this area, including potential mitigative solutions, are warranted.
C1 [Kappenman, K. M.; Webb, M. A. H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Greenwood, M.] Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Kappenman, KM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, 4050 Bridger Canyon Rd, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM kevin_kappenman@fws.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Bozeman Fish Technology Center
FX Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service's Bozeman Fish Technology Center. Thanks to U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service staff Matt Toner, Cal Fraser, Paul Kanive, Linda Beck,
Luke Renner, Kari Lackey, Bill Krise, Yvette Converse, and Greg
Kindschi, and Montana FWP partners Bill Gardner and crew, Mike Rhodes,
Bob Snyder, and Jim Peterson. We thank Hillary Treanor and Robert Muth
for providing helpful comments that were applied to this manuscript. We
appreciate the editorial guidance and suggestions provided by an
anonymous reviewer and JAI editorial staff.
NR 86
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U1 3
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0175-8659
EI 1439-0426
J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL
JI J. Appl. Ichthyol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 6
BP 1193
EP 1203
DI 10.1111/jai.12301
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 255AQ
UT WOS:000327212000001
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, SJ
Samuel, MD
Rolley, RE
Shelton, P
AF Robinson, Stacie J.
Samuel, Michael D.
Rolley, Robert E.
Shelton, Paul
TI Using landscape epidemiological models to understand the distribution of
chronic wasting disease in the Midwestern USA
SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Epidemiological modeling; Chronic wasting disease; Illinois; Risk
mapping; Wildlife disease; Wisconsin; White-tailed deer
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; MULE DEER; SPATIAL
EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; RACCOON RABIES; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS;
WILDLIFE EPIDEMIC; PRION DISEASE; UNITED-STATES
AB Animal movement across the landscape plays a critical role in the ecology of infectious wildlife diseases. Dispersing animals can spread pathogens between infected areas and na < ve populations. While tracking free-ranging animals over the geographic scales relevant to landscape-level disease management is challenging, landscape features that influence gene flow among wildlife populations may also influence the contact rates and disease spread between populations. We used spatial diffusion and barriers to white-tailed deer gene flow, identified through landscape genetics, to model the distribution of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in the infected region of southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois, USA. Our generalized linear model showed that risk of CWD infection declined exponentially with distance from current outbreaks, and inclusion of gene flow barriers dramatically improved fit and predictive power of the model. Our results indicate that CWD is spreading across the Midwestern landscape from these two endemic foci, but spread is strongly influenced by highways and rivers that also reduce deer gene flow. We used our model to plot a risk map, providing important information for CWD management by identifying likely routes of disease spread and providing a tool for prioritizing disease monitoring and containment efforts. The current analysis may serve as a framework for modeling future disease risk drawing on genetic information to investigate barriers to spread and extending management and monitoring beyond currently affected regions.
C1 [Robinson, Stacie J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Russell Labs, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Samuel, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey,Russell Labs, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Rolley, Robert E.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53716 USA.
[Shelton, Paul] Illinois Dept Nat Resources, Springfield, IL 62702 USA.
RP Robinson, SJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Russell Labs, Rm 208,1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM stacie.j.robinson@gmail.com
FU U.S. Geological Survey, a U.S. Department of Agriculture Hatch grant;
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
FX We thank Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and Illinois
Department of Natural Resources for their collaboration obtaining data.
Funding was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, a U.S. Department of
Agriculture Hatch grant, and the Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources. Thanks to the University of Wisconsin Department of Forest
and Wildlife Ecology for assistance with publication costs. Note that
any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes, and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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U2 93
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2973
EI 1572-9761
J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL
JI Landsc. Ecol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 10
BP 1923
EP 1935
DI 10.1007/s10980-013-9919-4
PG 13
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 258CX
UT WOS:000327437900007
ER
PT J
AU Chang, Y
Zhu, ZL
Bu, RC
Chen, HW
Feng, YT
Li, YH
Hu, YM
Wang, ZC
AF Chang, Yu
Zhu, Zhiliang
Bu, Rencang
Chen, Hongwei
Feng, Yuting
Li, Yuehui
Hu, Yuanman
Wang, Zhicheng
TI Predicting fire occurrence patterns with logistic regression in
Heilongjiang Province, China
SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Logistic regression; Forest fire; Fire occurrence; Receiver operating
characteristic curve; Heilongjiang province; China
ID GREAT XINGAN MOUNTAINS; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; WILDFIRE OCCURRENCE;
FOREST-FIRES; MODEL; PROBABILITY; SPAIN; RISK; LANDSCAPE; INDEXES
AB Prediction of forest fire ignition may aid in forest fire vigilance and monitoring, and in prioritizing forest fuel treatments. In this paper, we chose easily obtained spatial variables pertaining to topography, vegetation types, meteorological conditions, climate, and human activity to predict forest fire ignition in Heilongjiang province, China, using logistic regression. Results showed fire ignition prediction through logistic regression had good accuracy. Climatic variables (e.g., average annual mean temperature and precipitation) and meteorological conditions (e.g., daily minimum temperature, daily minimum humidity, daily mean humidity, and mean wind speed) are the main determinants of natural forest fires. In the case of anthropogenic fires, vegetation types and human activity as indicated by distances to roads and settlements combined with suitable meteorological conditions (e.g., daily mean humidity) are the main driving factors. The fire ignition probability map can be easily used to prioritize areas for vigilance, to make decisions on allocating firefighting resources, and to select vulnerable spots for forest fuel treatments. It was found that forest fuel treatments should be focused on the Great Xing'an Mountains.
C1 [Chang, Yu; Bu, Rencang; Chen, Hongwei; Feng, Yuting; Li, Yuehui; Hu, Yuanman] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, State Key Lab Forest & Soil Ecol, Shenyang 110164, Peoples R China.
[Zhu, Zhiliang] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Wang, Zhicheng] Heilongjiang Forest Fire Prevent Off, Harbin 150090, Peoples R China.
RP Chang, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, State Key Lab Forest & Soil Ecol, Shenyang 110164, Peoples R China.
EM changyu@iae.ac.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31070422, 41201185,
41271201]; Strategic Priority Research Program-Climate Change: Carbon
Budget and Related Issues of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
[XDA05050201]
FX This research was supported by The National Natural Science Foundation
of China (Grant No. 31070422, 41201185, 41271201), and the Strategic
Priority Research Program-Climate Change: Carbon Budget and Related
Issues of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA05050201). We
thank the Chinese Forestry Science Data Center (http://www.cfsdc.org/)
for providing fire record data, and the China Meteorological Data
sharing Service System (http://cdc.cma.gov.cn/) for providing
observational meteorological data. DEM data were provided by the
International Scientific & Technical Data Mirror Site, Computer Network
Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences
(http://datamirror.csdb.cn). We thank the anonymous reviewers for
helpful suggestions that improved the manuscript.
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2973
EI 1572-9761
J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL
JI Landsc. Ecol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 10
BP 1989
EP 2004
DI 10.1007/s10980-013-9935-4
PG 16
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 258CX
UT WOS:000327437900012
ER
PT J
AU Hults, CP
Wilson, FH
Donelick, RA
O'Sullivan, PB
AF Hults, Chad P.
Wilson, Frederic H.
Donelick, Raymond A.
O'Sullivan, Paul B.
TI Two flysch belts having distinctly different provenance suggest no
stratigraphic link between the Wrangellia composite terrane and the
paleo-Alaskan margin
SO LITHOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID EAST-CENTRAL ALASKA; DETRITAL ZIRCON GEOCHRONOLOGY; BAJA
BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SOUTH-CENTRAL ALASKA; UPPER CRETACEOUS STRATA; COAST
PLUTONIC COMPLEX; YUKON-TANANA TERRANE; DENALI FAULT SYSTEM; TECTONIC
EVOLUTION; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA
AB The provenance of Jurassic to Cretaceous flysch along the northern boundary of the allochthonous Wrangellia composite terrane, exposed from the Lake Clark region of southwest Alaska to the Nutzotin Mountains in eastern Alaska, suggests that the flysch can be divided into two belts having different sources. On the north, the Kahiltna flysch and Kuskokwim Group overlie and were derived from the Farwell and Yukon-Tanana terranes, as well as smaller related terranes that were part of the paleo-Alaskan margin. Paleocurrent indicators for these two units suggest that they derived sediment from the north and west. Sandstones are predominantly lithic wacke that contain abundant quartz grains, lithic rock fragments, and detrital mica, which suggest that these rocks were derived from recycled orogen and arc sources. Conglomerates contain limestone clasts that have fossils matching terranes that made up the paleo-Alaskan margin. In contrast, flysch units on the south overlie and were derived from the Wrangellia composite terrane. Paleocurrent indicators for these units suggest that they derived sediment from the south. Sandstones are predominantly feldspathic wackes that contain abundant plagioclase grains and volcanic rock fragments, which suggest these rocks were derived from an arc. Clast compositions in conglomerate south of the boundary match rock types of the Wrangellia composite terrane.
The distributions of detrital zircon ages also differentiate the flysch units. Flysch units on the north average 54% Mesozoic, 14% Paleozoic, and 32% Precambrian detrital zircons, reflecting derivation from the older Yukon-Tanana, Farewell, and other terranes that made up the paleo-Alaskan margin. In comparison, flysch units on the south average 94% Mesozoic, 1% Paleozoic, and 5% Precambrian zircons, which are consistent with derivation from the Mesozoic oceanic magmatic arc rocks in the Wrangellia composite terrane. In particular, the flysch units on the south contain a large proportion of zircons ranging from 135 to 175 Ma, corresponding to the age of the Chitina magmatic arc in the Wrangellia terrane and the plutons of the Peninsular terrane, which are part of the Wrangellia composite terrane. Flysch units on the north do not contain significant numbers of zircons in this age range. The flysch overlying the Wrangellia composite terrane apparently does not contain detritus derived from rocks of the paleo-Alaska margin, and the flysch overlying the paleo-Alaskan margin apparently does not contain detritus derived from the Wrangellia composite terrane.
The provenance difference between the two belts helps to constrain the location of the northern boundary of the Wrangellia composite terrane. Geophysical models place a deep, through-going, crustal-scale suture zone in the area between the two flysch belts. The difference in the provenance of the two belts supports this interpretation. The youngest flysch is Late Cretaceous in age, and structural disruption of the flysch units is constrained to the Late Cretaceous, so it appears that the Wrangellia composite terrane was not near the paleo-Alaskan margin until the Late Cretaceous.
C1 [Hults, Chad P.; Wilson, Frederic H.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Donelick, Raymond A.; O'Sullivan, Paul B.] Apatite Zircon Inc, Viola, ID 83872 USA.
RP Hults, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
FU Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys
FX The authors want to thank the following reviewers for the thoughtful and
detailed suggestions and comments on this and earlier versions of the
manuscript: Darrel Cowan, Robert Blodgett, Dwight Bradley, George
Gehrels, Marti Miller, Ken Ridgway, Jeff Trop, and two anonymous
reviewers. Although some of the reviewers did not agree with the
conclusions presented in this manuscript, we appreciated their objective
and constructive reviews. Initial funding for this project was provided
by the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys as the
result of a collaborative mapping project with the lead author.
NR 124
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U1 0
U2 12
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1941-8264
EI 1947-4253
J9 LITHOSPHERE-US
JI Lithosphere
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 6
BP 575
EP 594
DI 10.1130/L310.1
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
GA 257MS
UT WOS:000327389200004
ER
PT J
AU Frimmel, H
Depine, M
Emsbo, P
Koenig, A
Kern, M
AF Frimmel, H. E.
Depine, M.
Emsbo, P.
Koenig, A. E.
Kern, M.
TI Reply to comments by T. Oberthur on "Trace element distribution in
uraninite from Mesoarchaean Witwatersrand conglomerates (South Africa)
supports placer model and magmatogenic source"
SO MINERALIUM DEPOSITA
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID BASAL REEF; DEPOSITS; ORIGIN
C1 [Frimmel, H. E.; Depine, M.; Kern, M.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Geog & Geol, Geodynam & Geomat Res Div, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
[Frimmel, H. E.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Geol Sci, Rondebosch, South Africa.
[Emsbo, P.; Koenig, A. E.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Frimmel, H (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Inst Geog & Geol, Geodynam & Geomat Res Div, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
EM hartwig.frimmel@uni-wuerzburg.de
NR 16
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PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0026-4598
EI 1432-1866
J9 MINER DEPOSITA
JI Miner. Depos.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 48
IS 8
BP 1051
EP 1053
DI 10.1007/s00126-013-0487-y
PG 3
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 255OP
UT WOS:000327250000007
ER
PT J
AU Li, MJ
Simoneit, BRT
Zhong, NN
Fang, RH
AF Li, Meijun
Simoneit, Bernd R. T.
Zhong, Ningning
Fang, Ronghui
TI The distribution and origin of dimethyldibenzothiophenes in sediment
extracts from the Liaohe Basin, East China
SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ORGANIC-MATTER TYPE; CRUDE OILS;
SOURCE ROCKS; ALKYLATED DIBENZOTHIOPHENES; ANCIENT SEDIMENTS; THERMAL
MATURITY; FILLING PATHWAY; PETROLEUM; INDICATORS
AB The distributions of dimethyldibenzothiophenes (DMDBTs), the relationship between DMDBTs and dimethylbiphenyls (DMBPs), and the applications of DMDBTs as maturity indicators in source rocks have been investigated in a set of 21 lacustrine shales from the Eocene Shahejie Formation (Well SG1) in the Western Depression, Liaohe Basin, China. All source rock samples are characterized by total organic carbon contents of 1.37-3.27% and Type II (with minor Type III) kerogen. They were deposited in suboxic and brackish lacustrine environments and have maturities ranging from immature to mid-mature. The 3,3'-DMBPisomer can potentially react to yield 4,6-DMDBT; 2,6-DMDBT and 2,8-DMDBT by incorporating sulfur into biphenyl, which may be supported by a strong positive correlation between the absolute concentration changes of 3,3'-DMBP and those of 4,6-DMDBT, 2,6-DMDBT plus 2,8-DMDBT. The relative abundance of DMDBT isomers may be explained by the sulfur radical mechanism and are also controlled by steric hindrance and thermodynamic stability. The 4,6-/(1,4-+ 1,6)-DMDBT ratio shows no regular trend with increasing maturity at the low stage, and it should be used with caution as a maturity indicator for immature sediments. However, within the oil generation window, the relative concentration of 4,6-DMDBT progressively increases with increasing maturity, which can be explained by its higher thermodynamic stability relative to the 1,4-DMDBT isomer. The 4,6-/(1,4-+ 1,6)-DMDBT ratio exhibits a linear increase with increasing thermal maturity of the sediments. Thus, this ratio can be applied as an effective maturity indicator for source rocks within oil generation window. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Meijun; Zhong, Ningning; Fang, Ronghui] China Univ Petr, Coll Geosci, State Key Lab Petr Resources & Prospecting, Beijing 102249, Peoples R China.
[Simoneit, Bernd R. T.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Li, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Energy & Resources Sci Res Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM meijunli2008@hotmail.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40972089]; State Key
Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting [PRPDX-200801]
FX The work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(Grant No. 40972089) and the State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources
and Prospecting (PRPDX-200801). The authors are grateful for the
assistance of Shengbao Shi and Lei Zhu in the GC-MS analysis. Hui Wang
of the Liaohe oil field provided much help with sample collection. The
author Meijun Li is highly indebted to Dr. Geoffrey S. Ellis for
assistance during his stay as a visiting scholar at the U.S. Geological
Survey. The authors would like to thank Dr. Leszek Marynowski, Dr.
Michael Erdmann and four anonymous reviewers for their comments and
constructive suggestions which significantly improved the quality of
this paper.
NR 49
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U1 2
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0146-6380
J9 ORG GEOCHEM
JI Org. Geochem.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 65
BP 63
EP 73
DI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.10.007
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 254AY
UT WOS:000327133800007
ER
PT J
AU Smolinsky, JA
Diehl, RH
Radzio, TA
Delaney, DK
Moore, FR
AF Smolinsky, Jaclyn A.
Diehl, Robert H.
Radzio, Thomas A.
Delaney, David K.
Moore, Frank R.
TI Factors influencing the movement biology of migrant songbirds confronted
with an ecological barrier
SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Catharus ustulatus; Ecological barrier; Energetic condition; Migration;
Stopover duration; Swainson's thrush
ID WARBLERS ACROCEPHALUS-SCIRPACEUS; AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES; PASSERINE
MIGRANTS; BIRD MIGRATION; STOPOVER DURATION; FAT DEPOSITION; ENERGETIC
CONDITION; REVERSE MIGRATION; SPRING MIGRATION; ORIENTATION
AB Whether or not a migratory songbird embarks on a long-distance flight across an ecological barrier is likely a response to a number of endogenous and exogenous factors. During autumn 2008 and 2009, we used automated radio tracking to investigate how energetic condition, age, and weather influenced the departure timing and direction of Swainson's thrushes (Catharus ustulatus) during migratory stopover along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Most birds left within 1 h after sunset on the evening following capture. Those birds that departed later on the first night or remained longer than 1 day were lean. Birds that carried fat loads sufficient to cross the Gulf of Mexico generally departed in a seasonally appropriate southerly direction, whereas lean birds nearly always flew inland in a northerly direction. We did not detect an effect of age or weather on departures. The decision by lean birds to reorient movement inland may reflect the suitability of the coastal stopover site for deposition of fuel stores and the motivation to seek food among more extensive forested habitat away from the barrier.
C1 [Smolinsky, Jaclyn A.] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Diehl, Robert H.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Radzio, Thomas A.] Drexel Univ, Dept Biodivers Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Delaney, David K.] US Army Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA.
[Moore, Frank R.] Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
RP Diehl, RH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM rhdiehl@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (USACERL);
University of Southern Mississippi, Birmingham Audubon Society; American
Ornithologists' Union
FX We regret the loss of our friend and colleague, Arlo Raim, who
relentlessly radio tracked birds and died shortly after the conclusion
of this study. Bill Cochran, Jim Cochran, and Tony Borries offered
valuable technical support. Mason Cline, Kristin Comolli, Elizabeth
Donadio, Erin Gnass, Joanna Hatt, Jennifer Mizen, Nikita Chernetsov, and
members of the Migratory Bird Research Group provided important
assistance in the field. Blanton Blankenship of Fort Morgan Historic
Park and Jereme Phillips and Jackie Isaacs of Bon Secour National
Wildlife Refuge provided access to habitats along the Fort Morgan
peninsula used for netting and radio tracking. The USACERL provided the
automated radio telemetry systems for use on this project. This work was
supported by the U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory
(USACERL), The University of Southern Mississippi, Birmingham Audubon
Society, and The American Ornithologists' Union. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 65
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U2 65
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0340-5443
EI 1432-0762
J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL
JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 67
IS 12
BP 2041
EP 2051
DI 10.1007/s00265-013-1614-6
PG 11
WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 253HF
UT WOS:000327074200013
ER
PT J
AU Storlazzi, CD
Field, ME
Cheriton, OM
Presto, MK
Logan, JB
AF Storlazzi, C. D.
Field, M. E.
Cheriton, O. M.
Presto, M. K.
Logan, J. B.
TI Rapid fluctuations in flow and water-column properties in Asan Bay,
Guam: implications for selective resilience of coral reefs in warming
seas
SO CORAL REEFS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bores; Internal; Temperature; Salinity; Backscatter; Refugia
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INTERNAL WAVES; TEMPERATURE
VARIABILITY; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; TROPICAL PACIFIC;
OCEAN; AUSTRALIA; MORTALITY
AB Hydrodynamics and water-column properties were investigated off west-central Guam from July 2007 through January 2008. Rapid fluctuations, on time scales of 10s of min, in currents, temperature, salinity, and acoustic backscatter were observed to occur on sub-diurnal frequencies along more than 2 km of the fore reef but not at the reef crest. During periods characterized by higher sea-surface temperatures (SSTs), weaker wind forcing, smaller ocean surface waves, and greater thermal stratification, rapid decreases in temperature and concurrent rapid increases in salinity and acoustic backscatter coincided with onshore-directed near-bed currents and offshore-directed near-surface currents. During the study, these cool-water events, on average, lasted 2.3 h and decreased the water temperature 0.57 A degrees C, increased the salinity 0.25 PSU, and were two orders of magnitude more prevalent during the summer season than the winter. During the summer season when the average satellite-derived SST anomaly was +0.63 A degrees C, these cooling events, on average, lowered the temperature 1.14 A degrees C along the fore reef but only 0.11 A degrees C along the reef crest. The rapid shifts appear to be the result of internal tidal bores pumping cooler, more saline, higher-backscatter oceanic water from depths > 50 m over cross-shore distances of 100 s of m into the warmer, less saline waters at depths of 20 m and shallower. Such internal bores appear to have the potential to buffer shallow coral reefs from predicted increases in SSTs by bringing cool, offshore water to shallow coral environments. These cooling internal bores may also provide additional benefits to offset stress such as supplying food to thermally stressed corals, reducing stress due to ultraviolet radiation and/or low salinity, and delivering coral larvae from deeper reefs not impacted by surface thermal stress. Thus, the presence of internal bores might be an important factor locally in the resilience of select coral reefs facing increased thermal stress.
C1 [Storlazzi, C. D.; Field, M. E.; Cheriton, O. M.; Presto, M. K.; Logan, J. B.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Storlazzi, CD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM cstorlazzi@usgs.gov; mfield@usgs.gov; ocheriton@usgs.gov;
kpresto@usgs.gov; jlogan@usgs.gov
OI Cheriton, Olivia/0000-0003-3011-9136
NR 50
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4028
EI 1432-0975
J9 CORAL REEFS
JI Coral Reefs
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 4
BP 949
EP 961
DI 10.1007/s00338-013-1061-x
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 251KK
UT WOS:000326927300007
ER
PT J
AU Kuffner, IB
Hickey, TD
Morrison, JM
AF Kuffner, I. B.
Hickey, T. D.
Morrison, J. M.
TI Calcification rates of the massive coral Siderastrea siderea and
crustose coralline algae along the Florida Keys (USA) outer-reef tract
SO CORAL REEFS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coral growth; CCA; Buoyant weight; Bioerosion; Ocean acidification;
Climate change
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE;
GULF-OF-MEXICO; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; GROWTH-RATES;
MONTASTRAEA-ANNULARIS; LARVAL METAMORPHOSIS; SKELETAL GROWTH; SOUTH
FLORIDA
AB Coral reefs are degrading on a global scale, and rates of reef-organism calcification are predicted to decline due to ocean warming and acidification. Systematic measurements of calcification over space and time are necessary to detect change resulting from environmental stressors. We established a network of calcification monitoring stations at four managed reefs along the outer Florida Keys Reef Tract (FKRT) from Miami to the Dry Tortugas. Eighty colonies (in two sequential sets of 40) of the reef-building coral, Siderastrea siderea, were transplanted to fixed apparatus that allowed repetitive detachment for buoyant weighing every 6 months. Algal-recruitment tiles were also deployed during each weighing interval to measure net calcification of the crustose coralline algal (CCA) community. Coral-calcification rates were an order of magnitude greater than those of CCA. Rates of coral calcification were seasonal (summer calcification was 53 % greater than winter), and corals in the Dry Tortugas calcified 48 % faster than those at the other three sites. Linear extension rates were also highest in the Dry Tortugas, whereas percent area of the coral skeletons excavated by bioeroding fauna was lowest. The spatial patterns in net coral calcification revealed here correlate well with Holocene reef thickness along the FKRT and, in part, support the "inimical waters hypothesis" proposed by Ginsburg, Hudson, and Shinn almost 50 yrs ago to explain reef development in this region. Due to the homogeneity in coral-calcification rates among the three main Keys sites, we recommend refinement of this hypothesis and suggest that water-quality variables (e.g., carbonate mineral saturation state, dissolved and particulate organic matter, light attenuation) be monitored alongside calcification in future studies. Our results demonstrate that our calcification monitoring network presents a feasible and worthwhile approach to quantifying potential impacts of ocean acidification, warming, and/or deteriorating water quality on the process of calcification.
C1 [Kuffner, I. B.; Hickey, T. D.; Morrison, J. M.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Kuffner, IB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 600 4th St South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM ikuffner@usgs.gov
OI Kuffner, Ilsa/0000-0001-8804-7847
FU US Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal and Marine Geology program; USGS
Terrestrial, Freshwater, and Marine Ecosystems program; USGS Global
Change Research fund; Department of Interior Southeast Climate Science
Center
FX This study was principally funded by the US Geological Survey (USGS)
Coastal and Marine Geology program with supplementary funds from the
USGS Terrestrial, Freshwater, and Marine Ecosystems program and grants
from the USGS Global Change Research fund and the Department of Interior
Southeast Climate Science Center. Scholarly input from Brian Keller
(FKNMS), who is greatly missed, was essential during the planning of the
study. We thank the National Park Service crew of the M/V Ft. Jefferson
(C. and J. Douglass, J. Spade) for their support in the Dry Tortugas.
For field and laboratory help, we thank A. Brame, L. Goldberger, K.
Ludwig, C. Reich, C. Reynolds, J. Sanford, and C. Williams. We thank C.
Reich for preparing Fig. 1. The study was conducted under scientific
permits FKNMS-2008-062A, FKNMS-2010-122, DRTO-2009-SCI-0009,
DRTO-2011-SCI-0004, BISC-2009-SCI-0019, BISC-2010-SCI-0035, and
BISC-2011-SCI-0025. Any use of trade names herein was for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 93
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 75
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4028
EI 1432-0975
J9 CORAL REEFS
JI Coral Reefs
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 4
BP 987
EP 997
DI 10.1007/s00338-013-1047-8
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 251KK
UT WOS:000326927300011
ER
PT J
AU Kunz, JL
Conley, JM
Buchwalter, DB
Norberg-King, TJ
Kemble, NE
Wang, N
Ingersoll, CG
AF Kunz, James L.
Conley, Justin M.
Buchwalter, David B.
Norberg-King, Teresa J.
Kemble, Nile E.
Wang, Ning
Ingersoll, Christopher G.
TI USE OF RECONSTITUTED WATERS TO EVALUATE EFFECTS OF ELEVATED MAJOR IONS
ASSOCIATED WITH MOUNTAINTOP COAL MINING ON FRESHWATER INVERTEBRATES
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Invertebrate toxicology; Mussels; Mayfly; Major ion toxicity
ID CERIODAPHNIA-DUBIA; SODIUM-SULFATE; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; TOXICITY; SALINITY;
BIOACCUMULATION; TRIANGULIFER; CONTAMINANTS; SALINIZATION; SEDIMENTS
AB In previous laboratory chronic 7-d toxicity tests conducted with the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia, surface waters collected from Appalachian sites impacted by coal mining have shown toxic effects associated with elevated total dissolved solids (TDS). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of elevated major ions in chronic laboratory tests with C. dubia (7-d exposure), a unionid mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea; 28-d exposure), an amphipod (Hyalella azteca; 28-d exposure), and a mayfly (Centroptilum triangulifer; 35-d exposure) in 3 reconstituted waters designed to be representative of 3 Appalachian sites impacted by coal mining. Two of the reconstituted waters had ionic compositions representative of alkaline mine drainage associated with mountaintop removal and valley fill-impacted streams (Winding Shoals and Boardtree, with elevated Mg, Ca, K, SO4, HCO3), and a third reconstituted water had an ionic composition representative of neutralized mine drainage (Upper Dempsey, with elevated Na, K, SO4, and HCO3). The waters with similar conductivities but, with different ionic compositions had different effects on the test organisms. The Winding Shoals and Boardtree reconstituted waters were consistently toxic to the mussel, the amphipod, and the mayfly. In contrast, the Upper Dempsey reconstituted water was toxic to the mussel, the amphipod, and the cladoceran but was not toxic to the mayfly. These results indicate that, although elevated TDS can be correlated with toxicity, the specific major ion composition of the water is important. Moreover, the choice of test organism is critical, particularly if a test species is to be used as a surrogate for a range of faunal groups. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2826-2835. (c) 2013 SETAC
C1 [Kunz, James L.; Kemble, Nile E.; Wang, Ning; Ingersoll, Christopher G.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO USA.
[Conley, Justin M.; Buchwalter, David B.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Norberg-King, Teresa J.] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA.
RP Kunz, JL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO USA.
EM jkunz@usgs.gov
OI Conley, Justin M./0000-0002-6622-5769
FU USEPA STAR Fellowship [GAD FP917322]
FX We thank the members of the Columbia Environmental Research Center
Toxicology Branch and Chemistry Branch for technical support; G. Pond,
M. Passmore, and A. Bergdale for input on experimental design; and D.
Soucek and B. Williams for providing comments on an earlier draft of the
paper. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
Funding for J.M. Conley was provided by USEPA STAR Fellowship (GAD
FP917322); the USEPA has not formally reviewed this publication, and the
views expressed herein may not reflect the views of the USEPA.
NR 39
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 15
U2 54
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 12
BP 2826
EP 2835
DI 10.1002/etc.2391
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 251GW
UT WOS:000326916800022
PM 24243594
ER
PT J
AU Blakeslee, CJ
Galbraith, HS
Robertson, LS
Whitey, BS
AF Blakeslee, Carrie J.
Galbraith, Heather S.
Robertson, Laura S.
Whitey, Barbara St. John
TI THE EFFECTS OF SALINITY EXPOSURE ON MULTIPLE LIFE STAGES OF A COMMON
FRESHWATER MUSSEL, ELLIPTIO COMPLANATA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Unionid; Survival; Salinization; Host fish; Glochidia
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; HOST FISH; UNIONIDAE; COMMUNITIES; PH; IDENTIFICATION;
SALINIZATION; SUBLETHAL; RESPONSES; GLOCHIDIA
AB There is growing concern over the effects of increased salinization on freshwater organisms, which are largely unknown for unionid mussels. Adult and larval Elliptio complanata were exposed to low-level salt concentrations to determine the effects on mussel survival, physiology, and reproduction. Adults were exposed to salt concentrations of 0 parts per thousand (ppt), 2 ppt, 4 ppt, and 6 ppt NaCl and monitored over 7 d for mortality. Treatment groups exposed to 6 ppt and 4 ppt experienced 50% mortality at day 3 and day 4, respectively, with complete mortality by day 7. No mortality was observed in the other treatments. Adults were also exposed to sublethal salinity levels of 1 ppt and 2 ppt NaCl for 4 wk to determine physiological consequences of prolonged salinity exposure. Mussels exposed to 1 ppt and 2 ppt experienced reduced metabolic rates within the first 24h of exposure that recovered to control levels in the 1-ppt treatment within 7 d. Metabolic recovery did not occur in the 2-ppt treatment by the end of 28 d. Glochidia exposed to 3-ppt NaCl during attachment to their host fish suffered a reduction in attachment success and metamorphosis, resulting in a 10-fold reduction in the number of juveniles produced per host fish. The present study demonstrates that low levels of salt can have a dramatic effect on the reproduction, physiology, and survival of freshwater mussels. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2849-2854. (c) 2013 SETAC. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Blakeslee, Carrie J.; Galbraith, Heather S.; Whitey, Barbara St. John] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA USA.
[Robertson, Laura S.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, Kearneysville, WV USA.
RP Blakeslee, CJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA USA.
EM cblakeslee@usgs.gov
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 12
BP 2849
EP 2854
DI 10.1002/etc.2381
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 251GW
UT WOS:000326916800024
PM 23996680
ER
PT J
AU Nietch, CT
Quinlan, EL
Lazorchak, JM
Impellitteri, CA
Raikow, D
Walters, D
AF Nietch, Christopher T.
Quinlan, Erin L.
Lazorchak, James M.
Impellitteri, Christopher A.
Raikow, David
Walters, David
TI EFFECTS OF A CHRONIC LOWER RANGE OF TRICLOSAN EXPOSURE ON A STREAM
MESOCOSM COMMUNITY
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Triclosan; Stream periphyton; Antimicrobial resistance; Mesocosm;
Community-level
ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; PRINCIPAL RESPONSE CURVES; PERSONAL CARE
PRODUCTS; WIDELY USED BIOCIDE; SURFACE WATERS; TREATMENT PLANTS;
MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; FIELD-MEASUREMENTS; UNITED-STATES; PHARMACEUTICALS
AB Triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol) is an antimicrobial found in consumer soaps and toothpaste. It is in treated wastewater effluents at low parts-per-billion concentrations, representing a potentially chronic exposure condition for biota inhabiting receiving streams. For the present study, a naturally colonized benthos was created using flow-through indoor mesocosms; then, the benthic communities were dosed to achieve different in-stream triclosan concentrations (control, 0.1 mu g/L, 0.5 mu g/L, 1.0 mu g/L, 5.0 mu g/L, and 10 mu g/L) for 56 d. Water quality parameters and endpoints from bacteria to macroinvertebrates, as well as interacting abiotic components, were measured. Effects of triclosan on specific microbial endpoints were observed at all doses, including an effect on litter decomposition dynamics at doses of 1.0 mu g/L and higher. Resistance of periphytic bacteria to triclosan significantly increased at doses of 0.5 mu g/L and above. By the end of dosing, the antimicrobial appeared to stimulate the stream periphyton at the 3 lowest doses, while the 2 highest doses exhibited decreased stocks of periphyton, including significantly lower bacteria cell densities and cyanobacteria abundance compared with the control. Other than an effect on benthic ostracods, the changes that occurred in the periphyton did not translate to significant change in the colonizing nematodes, the macroinvertebrate community as a whole, or other measurements of stream function. The results shed light on the role a low, chronic exposure to triclosan may play in effluent-dominated streams. (c) 2013 SETAC
C1 [Nietch, Christopher T.; Lazorchak, James M.; Impellitteri, Christopher A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Quinlan, Erin L.] Georgia Gwinnett Coll, Lawrenceville, GA USA.
[Walters, David] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Nietch, CT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM nietch.christopher@epa.gov
OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571
NR 72
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 38
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 12
BP 2874
EP 2887
DI 10.1002/etc.2385
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 251GW
UT WOS:000326916800029
PM 24038532
ER
PT J
AU Hahn, DC
Summers, SG
Genovese, KJ
He, HQ
Kogut, MH
AF Hahn, D. Caldwell
Summers, Scott G.
Genovese, Kenneth J.
He, Haiqi
Kogut, Michael H.
TI Obligate Brood Parasites Show More Functionally Effective Innate Immune
Responses: An Eco-immunological Hypothesis
SO EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Host-parasite coevolution; Brood parasite; Cowbird; Degranulation;
Eco-immunology; Parasite-mediated selection; Innate immunity; Oxidative
burst
ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; BROWN-HEADED COWBIRDS; LIFE-HISTORY; ECOLOGICAL
IMMUNOLOGY; IN-VITRO; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; BIRDS; CHICKENS;
EVOLUTION; DEFENSE
AB Immune adaptations of obligate brood parasites attracted interest when three New World cowbird species (Passeriformes, Icteridae, genus Molothrus) proved unusually resistant to West Nile virus. We have used cowbirds as models to investigate the eco-immunological hypothesis that species in parasite-rich environments characteristically have enhanced immunity as a life history adaptation. As part of an ongoing program to understand the cowbird immune system, in this study we measured degranulation and oxidative burst, two fundamental responses of the innate immune system. Innate immunity provides non-specific, fast-acting defenses against a variety of invading pathogens, and we hypothesized that innate immunity experiences particularly strong selection in cowbirds, because their life history strategy exposes them to diverse novel and unpredictable parasites. We compared the relative effectiveness of degranulation and oxidative burst responses in two cowbird species and one related, non-parasitic species. Both innate immune defenses were significantly more functionally efficient in the two parasitic cowbird species than in the non-parasitic red-winged blackbird (Icteridae, Agelaius phoeniceus). Additionally, both immune defenses were more functionally efficient in the brown-headed cowbird (M. ater), an extreme host-generalist brood parasite, than in the bronzed cowbird (M. aeneus), a moderate host-specialist with lower exposure to other species and their parasites. Thus the relative effectiveness of these two innate immune responses corresponds to the diversity of parasites in the niche of each species and to their relative resistance to WNV. This study is the first use of these two specialized assays in a comparative immunology study of wild avian species.
C1 [Hahn, D. Caldwell] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Summers, Scott G.] Nature Conservancy, Killeen, TX 76544 USA.
[Genovese, Kenneth J.; He, Haiqi; Kogut, Michael H.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP Hahn, DC (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM chahn@usgs.gov
FU USGS-Patuxent Wildlife Research Center; USDA-ARS-Southern Plains
Agricultural Research Center
FX This work was supported in part by USGS-Patuxent Wildlife Research
Center and by USDA-ARS-Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center. We
thank The Nature Conservancy of Texas and Fort Hood for assistance. Use
of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the US
Government. We appreciate helpful comments on the manuscript from E.
Hofmeister and 2 anonymous reviewers.
NR 75
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 28
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0071-3260
EI 1934-2845
J9 EVOL BIOL
JI Evol. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 4
BP 554
EP 561
DI 10.1007/s11692-013-9231-x
PG 8
WC Evolutionary Biology
SC Evolutionary Biology
GA 253YN
UT WOS:000327126200009
ER
PT J
AU Wisniewski, JM
Rankin, NM
Weiler, DA
Strickland, BA
Chandler, HC
AF Wisniewski, Jason M.
Rankin, Nicole M.
Weiler, Deborah A.
Strickland, Bradley A.
Chandler, Houston C.
TI Occupancy and detection of benthic macroinvertebrates: a case study of
unionids in the lower Flint River, Georgia, USA
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE occupancy; detection; Flint River; Unionidae; extinction; endangered
ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; LOWLAND RIVER; LIFE-HISTORY;
STREAM; COMMUNITIES; PROBABILITY; RECAPTURE; BIVALVIA; SURVIVAL
AB Presence/absence sampling designs are commonly used approaches for documenting the occurrence of benthic invertebrates, but these methods often provide biased indices of occupancy or abundance. Unionids are particularly susceptible to bias associated with nondetection because of their generally low abundance and burrowing behavior. We present a case study in which we used an occupancy-modeling approach that incorporates estimation of detection probability to assess the occurrence of unionids at 39 locations along a 119-km reach of Flint River, Georgia. We fitted models relating site-and reach-level variables to detection and occupancy for 3 species of conservation concern and contrasted inferences drawn between models accounting for variable imperfect detection and models assuming constant imperfect detection. We collected 20 unionid species among 39 sites. Among species, detection probabilities averaged 0.25 and ranged from 0.01 to 0.69, and estimated occupancy averaged 0.56 and ranged from 0.03 to 1.00. Estimated occupancy across all species was, on average, 25.78% greater than naive occupancy (i.e., proportion of sites without accounting for incomplete detection). Detection probabilities varied by species, time, macrohabitat, and searcher experience. Inferences regarding factors affecting species occupancy differed among models contrasting detection as variable or constant but imperfect. The occupancy-modeling approach was a useful and efficient method to assess the distribution and habitat relationships of unionids in the lower Flint River. We think that detection probability is an underused but necessary parameter that should be evaluated during sampling to provide a measure of confidence in benthic invertebrate data and to account for potential sources of bias.
C1 [Wisniewski, Jason M.; Weiler, Deborah A.; Strickland, Bradley A.; Chandler, Houston C.] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Wildlife Resources Div, Nongame Conservat Sect, Social Circle, GA 30025 USA.
[Rankin, Nicole M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Warm Springs Fish Technol Ctr, Warm Springs, GA 31830 USA.
RP Wisniewski, JM (reprint author), Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Wildlife Resources Div, Nongame Conservat Sect, 2065 Highway 278 SE, Social Circle, GA 30025 USA.
EM jason.wisniewski@dnr.state.ga.us; nicole_rankin@fws.gov;
deb.weiler@dnr.state.ga.us; bastrickland@cfr.msstate.edu;
houstonc@vt.edu
FU Georgia Department of Natural Resources; Wildlife Resources Division;
Nongame Conservation Section; US Fish and Wildlife Service through the
State Wildlife Grant Program
FX We thank Chester Figiel, Brett Albanese, Sandy Abbott, Matt Hill, Sean
Fox, John Toby, and Beau Dudley for field assistance during this
project. This manuscript was improved by suggestions from Colin Shea,
Brett Albanese, Associate Editor Caryn Vaughn, and anonymous referees.
Funding for this project was provided by the Georgia Department of
Natural Resources, Wildlife Resources Division, Nongame Conservation
Section and US Fish and Wildlife Service through the State Wildlife
Grant Program. We give special thanks to The Environmental Resources
Network (TERN) for providing necessary equipment to conduct sampling.
Their support of wildlife conservation in Georgia is greatly
appreciated. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish
and Wildlife Service.
NR 57
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 15
PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 4
BP 1122
EP 1135
DI 10.1899/12-145.1
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 251LJ
UT WOS:000326930000006
ER
PT J
AU Ganser, AM
Newton, TJ
Haro, RJ
AF Ganser, Alissa M.
Newton, Teresa J.
Haro, Roger J.
TI The effects of elevated water temperature on native juvenile mussels:
implications for climate change
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE freshwater mussel; climate change; physiology; temperature; survival;
heart rate; growth
ID CHRONIC TOXICITY; UNIONID MUSSELS; HEART-RATE; LAMPSILIS-SILIQUOIDEA;
SPECIES ROLES; LIFE STAGES; BIVALVIA; STREAM; GLOCHIDIA; SEDIMENT
AB Native freshwater mussels are a diverse but imperiled fauna and may be especially sensitive to increasing water temperatures because many species already may be living near their upper thermal limits. We tested the hypothesis that elevated water temperatures (20, 25, 30, and 35 degrees C) adversely affected the survival and physiology of 2-mo-old juvenile mussels (Lampsilis abrupta, Lampsilis siliquoidea, and Megalonaias nervosa) in 28-d laboratory experiments. The 28-d LT50s (lethal temperature affecting 50% of the population) ranged from 25.3 to 30.3 degrees C across species, and were lowest for L. abrupta and L. siliquoidea. Heart rate of L. siliquoidea was not affected by temperature, but heart rate declined at higher temperatures in L. abrupta and M. nervosa. However, for both of these species, heart rate also declined steadily during the experiment and a strong temperature x time interaction was detected. Juvenile growth was low for all species in all treatments and did not respond directly to temperature, but growth of some species responded to a temperature x time interaction. Responses to thermal stress differed among species, but potential laboratory artifacts may limit applicability of these results to real-world situations. Environmentally relevant estimates of upper thermal tolerances in native mussels are urgently needed to assess the extent of assemblage changes that can be expected in response to global climate change.
C1 [Ganser, Alissa M.; Haro, Roger J.] Univ Wisconsin, River Studies Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Newton, Teresa J.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
RP Ganser, AM (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202 USA.
EM amgans01@louisville.edu; tnewton@usgs.gov; rharo@uwlax.edu
FU US Geological Survey (USGS) National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center; USGS Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center; University of
Wisconsin-La Crosse
FX We thank Patty Ries and Donica Spence for help with heart-rate and
growth-rate assessments and Greg Sandland for advice on statistical
analysis. Two anonymous referees provided input that greatly improved
this manuscript. This research was funded by the US Geological Survey
(USGS) National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center, the USGS
Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, and the University of
Wisconsin-La Crosse. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 51
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 6
U2 45
PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 4
BP 1168
EP 1177
DI 10.1899/12-132.1
PG 10
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 251LJ
UT WOS:000326930000010
ER
PT J
AU Small, GE
Duff, JH
Torres, PJ
Pringle, CM
AF Small, Gaston E.
Duff, John H.
Torres, Pedro J.
Pringle, Catherine M.
TI Insect emergence as a nitrogen flux in Neotropical streams: comparisons
with microbial denitrification across a stream phosphorus gradient
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE emergence; denitrification; nitrogen; phosphorus; tropical stream
ID AQUATIC INSECTS; DESERT STREAM; COSTA-RICA; ACETYLENE INHIBITION;
SECONDARY PRODUCTION; TROPICAL STREAMS; OXIDE REDUCTION; FOREST-STREAM;
FOOD-WEB; TERRESTRIAL
AB Research on how N is retained and removed from stream networks has focused on microbial metabolic pathways, such as denitrification. An alternative pathway for N to escape streams is in the form of emerging aquatic insects, and unlike denitrification, previous studies suggest that this pathway may be stimulated by increased availability of P. We tested the hypothesis that the flux of N exported from streams through insect emergence increases relative to flux through denitrification with increasing levels of stream P. We measured emergence and denitrification rates at 7 lowland stream sites in Costa Rica that differ in dissolved P levels and substrate characteristics. Emergence N flux ranged from 2.0 to 16.3% of measured denitrification rates and was not related to any measured physical or chemical variables. Sediment redox conditions were the best predictor of denitrification rates. Our emergence results suggest that most invertebrate biomass production in these streams is consumed by in-stream predators, keeping this N in the stream ecosystem. Nevertheless, our findings indicate that in streams with low denitrification rates, emergence should be considered as an additional pathway of N removal from stream ecosystems.
C1 [Small, Gaston E.] Univ St Thomas, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA.
[Duff, John H.] US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Torres, Pedro J.; Pringle, Catherine M.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Small, GE (reprint author), Univ St Thomas, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA.
EM gaston.small@stthomas.edu; jhduff@usgs.gov; pjtorres@uga.edu;
cpringle@uga.edu
OI Small, Gaston/0000-0002-9018-7555
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0545463]; US Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) under the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Graduate
Fellowship Program
FX We are grateful to Minor Hidalgo for assistance with fieldwork and to
Tom Maddox and Lisa Dean for laboratory analyses. We also thank Bill
Richardson and Lynn Bartsch for sediment C:N analyses. This manuscript
was improved based on comments from John Davis, Ashley Helton, Jacques
Finlay, and 2 anonymous referees. Research funding was provided by the
National Science Foundation (DEB 0545463; CMP, F. J. Triska [US
Geological Survey], and A. Ramirez [University of Puerto Rico]). GES was
supported in part by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under
the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Graduate Fellowship Program. EPA
has not officially endorsed this publication and the views expressed
herein may not reflect the views of the EPA.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 20
PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 4
BP 1178
EP 1187
DI 10.1899/12-084.1
PG 10
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 251LJ
UT WOS:000326930000011
ER
PT J
AU Higgs, MD
Link, WA
White, GC
Haroldson, MA
Bjornlie, DD
AF Higgs, Megan D.
Link, William A.
White, Gary C.
Haroldson, Mark A.
Bjornlie, Daniel D.
TI Insights Into the Latent Multinomial Model Through Mark-Resight Data on
Female Grizzly Bears With Cubs-of-the-Year
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian; Discrete uniform; Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE);
Mark-recapture; Population size
ID POPULATION ESTIMATION; SPARSE DATA; YELLOWSTONE; ESTIMATORS; MOOSE; SIZE
AB Mark-resight designs for estimation of population abundance are common and attractive to researchers. However, inference from such designs is very limited when faced with sparse data, either from a low number of marked animals, a low probability of detection, or both. In the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, yearly mark-resight data are collected for female grizzly bears with cubs-of-the-year (FCOY), and inference suffers from both limitations. To overcome difficulties due to sparseness, we assume homogeneity in sighting probabilities over 16 years of bi-annual aerial surveys. We model counts of marked and unmarked animals as multinomial random variables, using the capture frequencies of marked animals for inference about the latent multinomial frequencies for unmarked animals. We discuss undesirable behavior of the commonly used discrete uniform prior distribution on the population size parameter and provide OpenBUGS code for fitting such models. The application provides valuable insights into subtleties of implementing Bayesian inference for latent multinomial models. We tie the discussion to our application, though the insights are broadly useful for applications of the latent multinomial model.
C1 [Higgs, Megan D.] Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Link, William A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 21163 USA.
[White, Gary C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Haroldson, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Interagcy Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Bjornlie, Daniel D.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Large Carnivore Sect, Lander, WY 82520 USA.
RP Higgs, MD (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, POB 172400, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM higgs@math.montana.edu
NR 29
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1085-7117
EI 1537-2693
J9 J AGR BIOL ENVIR ST
JI J. Agric. Biol. Environ. Stat.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 18
IS 4
BP 556
EP 577
DI 10.1007/s13253-013-0148-8
PG 22
WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational
Biology; Mathematics
GA 255BI
UT WOS:000327213800005
ER
PT J
AU Smith, DR
McGowan, CP
Daily, JP
Nichols, JD
Sweka, JA
Lyons, JE
AF Smith, David R.
McGowan, Conor P.
Daily, Jonathan P.
Nichols, James D.
Sweka, John A.
Lyons, James E.
TI Evaluating a multispecies adaptive management framework: must
uncertainty impede effective decision-making?
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive resource management; Calidris canutus rufa; expected value of
information; horseshoe crab; Limulus polyphemus; management strategy
evaluation; multispecies management; red knot; stochastic dynamic
programming
ID HORSESHOE-CRAB EGGS; DELAWARE BAY; RED KNOTS; PRECAUTIONARY APPROACH;
FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; STRATEGY EVALUATION; CONSERVATION; SIMULATION;
SHOREBIRDS; DECLINE
AB Application of adaptive management to complex natural resource systems requires careful evaluation to ensure that the process leads to improved decision-making. As part of that evaluation, adaptive policies can be compared with alternative nonadaptive management scenarios. Also, the value of reducing structural (ecological) uncertainty to achieving management objectives can be quantified.
A multispecies adaptive management framework was recently adopted by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission for sustainable harvest of Delaware Bay horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus, while maintaining adequate stopover habitat for migrating red knots Calidris canutus rufa, the focal shorebird species. The predictive model set encompassed the structural uncertainty in the relationships between horseshoe crab spawning, red knot weight gain and red knot vital rates. Stochastic dynamic programming was used to generate a state-dependent strategy for harvest decisions given that uncertainty. In this paper, we employed a management strategy evaluation approach to evaluate the performance of this adaptive management framework. Active adaptive management was used by including model weights as state variables in the optimization and reducing structural uncertainty by model weight updating.
We found that the value of information for reducing structural uncertainty is expected to be low, because the uncertainty does not appear to impede effective management. Harvest policy responded to abundance levels of both species regardless of uncertainty in the specific relationship that generated those abundances. Thus, the expected horseshoe crab harvest and red knot abundance were similar when the population generating model was uncertain or known, and harvest policy was robust to structural uncertainty as specified.
Synthesis and applications.The combination of management strategy evaluation with state-dependent strategies from stochastic dynamic programming was an informative approach to evaluate adaptive management performance and value of learning. Although natural resource decisions are characterized by uncertainty, not all uncertainty will cause decisions to be altered substantially, as we found in this case. It is important to incorporate uncertainty into the decision framing and evaluate the effect of reducing that uncertainty on achieving the desired outcomes.
C1 [Smith, David R.; Daily, Jonathan P.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25443 USA.
[McGowan, Conor P.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Alabama Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Nichols, James D.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Sweka, John A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Northeast Fishery Ctr, Lamar, PA 16848 USA.
[Lyons, James E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Smith, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25443 USA.
EM drsmith@usgs.gov
FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; US Geological Survey; US Fish and
Wildlife Service; Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission
FX This research was funded by National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, US
Geological Survey, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and Atlantic States
Marine Fisheries Commission. The authors' findings and conclusions do
not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. We thank the
ASM-FC adaptive resource management (ARM) subcommittee, including Kevin
Kalasz, Larry Niles, Rich Wong, Jeff Brust, Michelle Davis and Brad
Spear, as well as Mike Jones, Julien Martin, Mike Millard and Clint
Moore for useful discussions on development of the ARM framework and its
evaluation. We thank Clint Moore, Duane Diefenbach, Mitch Eaton, the
associate editor and an anonymous referee for helpful comments on
earlier drafts.
NR 40
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 60
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 50
IS 6
BP 1431
EP 1440
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12145
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 252RM
UT WOS:000327027200017
ER
PT J
AU Hoell, A
Funk, C
AF Hoell, Andrew
Funk, Chris
TI The ENSO-Related West Pacific Sea Surface Temperature Gradient
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE ENSO; Climate variability; El Nino; La Nina; Tropical variability
ID NINO SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; CENTRAL-SOUTHWEST ASIA; EL-NINO;
UNITED-STATES; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; GLOBAL PRECIPITATION; TROPICAL
PACIFIC; AFRICAN RAINFALL; WINTER CLIMATE; WARM POOL
AB El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events are accompanied by an anomalous zonal sea surface temperature (SST) gradient over the west Pacific Ocean, defined here as the west Pacific SST gradient (WPG). The WPG is defined as the standardized difference between area-averaged SST over the central Pacific Ocean (Nino-4 region) and west Pacific Ocean (0 degrees-10 degrees N, 130 degrees-150 degrees E). While the direction of the WPG follows ENSO cycles, the magnitude of the gradient varies considerably between individual El Nino and La Nina events. In this study, El Nino and La Nina events are grouped according to the magnitude of the WPG, and tropical SST, circulations, and precipitation are examined for the period 1948-2011. Until the 1980s the WPG showed little trend as the west and central Pacific warmed at similar rates; however, the west Pacific has recently warmed faster than the central Pacific, which has resulted in an increased WPG during La Nina events.The temporal evolution and distribution of tropical Pacific SST as well as the near-surface tropical Pacific zonal wind, divergence, and vertical velocity are considerably different during ENSO events partitioned according to the strength of the WPG. Modifications to the tropical circulation, resulting in changes to Indo- west Pacific precipitation, are linked to strong and consistent circulation and precipitation modifications throughout the Northern Hemisphere during winter.
C1 [Hoell, Andrew; Funk, Chris] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Funk, Chris] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
RP Hoell, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, 4717 Ellison Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM hoell@geog.ucsb.edu
FU U.S. Agency for International Development
FX The authors thank two anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly
improved the manuscript. The authors thank Matt Barlow, Laura Harrison,
Marty Hoerling, and Amy McNally for useful discussions and for reading
early versions of this manuscript. NCEP reanalysis and ERSST data were
provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, from their website
(at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/). This research builds upon a
multiyear research project carried out under a U.S. Agency for
International Development-funded Famine Early Warning System Network
agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 66
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 23
BP 9545
EP 9562
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00344.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 253AN
UT WOS:000327054100019
ER
PT J
AU Rogers, SL
Collazo, JA
Drew, CA
AF Rogers, Samantha L.
Collazo, Jaime A.
Drew, Christina A.
TI Nest occurrence and survival of King Rails in fire-managed coastal
marshes in North Carolina and Virginia
SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE fire management; multistate occupancy; nest survival; nest video
surveillance; Rallus elegans
ID CHENIER PLAIN MARSHES; MULTIPLE STATES; SITE OCCUPANCY; BIRD NESTS;
SUCCESS; RESPONSES; DENSITY
AB Prescribed burning maintains marsh habitat, but its impact on breeding King Rails (Rallus elegans) is poorly understood. This practice may serve as a means to enhance populations of a species whose numbers are declining in the southeastern United States. We used call-broadcast surveys and nest searches to categorize the state of occupied plots by the presence or non-presence of nesting activity in the Back Bay region, North Carolina and Virginia, in 2010. We also used nest video surveillance to estimate nest survival in 2009 and 2010. The probabilities that a surveyed plot was occupied (psi(1)) and contained an active nest (psi(2)) were higher in recently burned marsh plots (0-1 year-since-burn [YSB]) than in plots with 2 YSB at Mackay Island and Back Bay National Wildlife Refuges (NWRs). Highest probabilities were recorded in 0-1 YSB plots at Mackay Island NWR (psi 1 = 0.96 0.04, psi 2 = 0.75 0.18), and the lowest in 2 YSB plots at Back Bay NWR (psi 1 = 0.21 +/- 0.10, psi 2 = 0.03 +/- 0.04). Nest survival from egg laying to hatching (31 d) was 0.48 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.06-0.83), with an estimated 0.79 (95% CI = 0.29-0.96) survival rate for the incubation stage (21 d). These nest survival estimates for King Rails in fire-managed marshes were similar to estimates for other populations. Measures of vegetation cover, proxies for concealment, did not differ between nest sites and unused sites, even within recently burned marshes. This lack of differences in vegetation structure suggests that regrowth occurs rapidly during the period between burning (winter months) and the onset of reproduction (late April). Thus, recently burned marshes may benefit nesting King Rails by providing nest concealment. In addition, burned marshes may enhance availability of many invertebrates. Although we found that the probability that surveyed plots contained active nests was higher in recently burned marsh plots, estimates of fledging success are needed before marsh burns can be considered an effective means of fostering population growth.
C1 [Rogers, Samantha L.; Drew, Christina A.] N Carolina State Univ, David Clark Labs 225, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Collazo, Jaime A.] N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Rogers, SL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, David Clark Labs 225, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM slroger2@ncsu.edu
FU USFWS Webless Migratory Game Bird Research Program; USFWS Quick Response
Program
FX We thank the USFWS Webless Migratory Game Bird Research Program and the
USFWS Quick Response Program for funding. We also thank personnel at
Back Bay NWR, Mackay Island NWR, and False Cape State Park, and private
landowners for allowing access to their marshes. Field assistance was
provided by C. Airy, K. Flesness, P. Gugger, L. Handa, J. Jay, E. Kelly,
and D. Topolowski. We thank J. Hines, J. Nichols, and S. Dinsmore for
modeling guidance, and G. Rogers for additional technical support. This
manuscript benefited from the comments of S. King and four anonymous
reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firms names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. government.
NR 47
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0273-8570
EI 1557-9263
J9 J FIELD ORNITHOL
JI J. Field Ornithol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 4
BP 355
EP 366
DI 10.1111/jofo.12035
PG 12
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 256II
UT WOS:000327302600003
ER
PT J
AU Gates, HR
Yezerinac, S
Powell, AN
Tomkovich, PS
Valchuk, OP
Lanctot, RB
AF Gates, H. River
Yezerinac, Stephen
Powell, Abby N.
Tomkovich, Pavel S.
Valchuk, Olga P.
Lanctot, Richard B.
TI Differentiation of subspecies and sexes of Beringian Dunlins using
morphometric measures
SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Calidris alpina; discriminant function analysis; migratory connectivity;
shorebird; wader
ID DISCRIMINANT FUNCTION-ANALYSIS; CALIDRIS-ALPINA; WESTERN SANDPIPERS;
NONBREEDING SEASON; MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY; CHONGMING DONGTAN; AVIAN
INFLUENZA; BALTIC REGION; WING LENGTH; SAMPLE-SIZE
AB Five subspecies of Dunlins (Calidris alpina) that breed in Beringia are potentially sympatric during the non-breeding season. Studying their ecology during this period requires techniques to distinguish individuals by subspecies. Our objectives were to determine (1) if five morphometric measures (body mass, culmen, head, tarsus, and wing chord) differed between sexes and among subspecies (C. a. actites, arcticola, kistchinski, pacifica, and sakhalina), and (2) if these differences were sufficient to allow for correct classification of individuals using equations derived from discriminant function analyses. We conducted analyses using morphometric data from 10 Dunlin populations breeding in northern Russia and Alaska, USA. Univariate tests revealed significant differences between sexes in most morphometric traits of all subspecies, and discriminant function equations predicted the sex of individuals with an accuracy of 83-100% for each subspecies. We provide equations to determine sex and subspecies of individuals in mixed subspecies groups, including the (1) Western Alaska group of arcticola and pacifica (known to stage together in western Alaska) and (2) East Asia group of arcticola, actites, kistchinski, and sakhalina (known to winter together in East Asia). Equations that predict the sex of individuals in mixed groups had classification accuracies between 75% and 87%, yielding reliable classification equations. We also provide equations that predict the subspecies of individuals with an accuracy of 22-96% for different mixed subspecies groups. When the sex of individuals can be predetermined, the accuracy of these equations is increased substantially. Investigators are cautioned to consider limitations due to age and feather wear when using these equations during the non-breeding season. These equations will allow determination of sexual and subspecies segregation in non-breeding areas, allowing implementation of taxonomic-specific conservation actions.
C1 [Gates, H. River; Lanctot, Richard B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Gates, H. River; Powell, Abby N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Yezerinac, Stephen] Mt Allison Univ, Dept Biol, Sackville, NB E4L 1G7, Canada.
[Powell, Abby N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Tomkovich, Pavel S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Zool Museum, Moscow 125009, Russia.
[Valchuk, Olga P.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biol & Soil Sci, Vladivostok 690041, Russia.
[Gates, H. River] ABR Inc Environm Res Serv, Anchorage, AK 99524 USA.
RP Gates, HR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Management, 1011 E Tudor Rd Mail Stop 201, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM hrivergates@gmail.com
OI Powell, Abby/0000-0002-9783-134X
FU U.S. Bureau of Land Management (Arctic Field Office); U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service's Migratory Bird Management Division, U.S. Geological
Survey's Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; University
of Alaska Fairbanks; Mount Allison University; Arctic Expedition of the
Institute of Ecology and Evolution in Moscow; Amur-Ussuri Centre for
Avian Biodiversity; University of Alaska Fairbank's IACUC [08-12]; USFWS
IACUC
FX This project is part of an international effort to understand the
geographic distribution of staging and wintering Beringian Dunlins.
Samples were collected by numerous individuals, and workers were
supported by many institutions, agencies, and foundations. We thank C.
Dau for providing tissue samples for knownsex individuals, D. Tracy for
collecting pacifica samples, V. Sotnikov for collecting actites samples,
T. Miller and S. Drovetski for collecting kistchinski samples, K. Sage
and S. Talbot for helping process blood samples, and J. Johnson for map
preparation. D. Ruthrauff, J. Choi, G. Ritchison, and three anonymous
reviewers greatly improved this manuscript. Funding and logistical
support was provided by U.S. Bureau of Land Management (Arctic Field
Office), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Migratory Bird Management
Division, U.S. Geological Survey's Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Arctic Audubon, Mount
Allison University, Arctic Expedition of the Institute of Ecology and
Evolution in Moscow, and Amur-Ussuri Centre for Avian Biodiversity.
Dunlins were collected in Russia under permit 87 # 01/2009, Division for
Conservation and Use of Animals, Department of Agricultural Policy and
Use of Nature Resources, Chukotskiy Autonomous Area. Sampling for
Dunlins in the United States was conducted under the University of
Alaska Fairbank's IACUC#08-12, and the USFWS IACUC and salvage permits
2009012, MB085371-0, and MB025076-0. Use of trade, product, or firm
names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions
in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily
represent the views of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 68
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0273-8570
EI 1557-9263
J9 J FIELD ORNITHOL
JI J. Field Ornithol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 4
BP 389
EP 402
DI 10.1111/jofo.12038
PG 14
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 256II
UT WOS:000327302600006
ER
PT J
AU Dettinger, MD
AF Dettinger, Michael D.
TI Atmospheric Rivers as Drought Busters on the US West Coast
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE North America; Drought; Extreme events; Precipitation; Storm
environments
ID SEVERITY INDEX; UNITED-STATES; CALIFORNIA; SATELLITE; FLOODS
AB Atmospheric rivers (ARs) have, in recent years, been recognized as the cause of the large majority of major floods in rivers all along the U.S. West Coast and as the source of 30%-50% of all precipitation in the same region. The present study surveys the frequency with which ARs have played a critical role as a common cause of the end of droughts on the West Coast. This question was based on the observation that, in most cases, droughts end abruptly as a result of the arrival of an especially wet month or, more exactly, a few very large storms. This observation is documented using both Palmer Drought Severity Index and 6-month Standardized Precipitation Index measures of drought occurrence for climate divisions across the conterminous United States from 1895 to 2010. When the individual storm sequences that contributed most to the wet months that broke historical West Coast droughts from 1950 to 2010 were evaluated, 33%-74% of droughts were broken by the arrival of landfalling AR storms. In the Pacific Northwest, 60%-74% of all persistent drought endings have been brought about by the arrival of AR storms. In California, about 33%-40% of all persistent drought endings have been brought about by landfalling AR storms, with more localized low pressure systems responsible for many of the remaining drought breaks.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, US Geol Survey, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Dettinger, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, US Geol Survey, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Dept 0224,9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM mddettin@usgs.gov
FU NOAA National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS) Program
FX This analysis and paper was improved by comments from Anne Steinemann,
University of Washington, and two anonymous reviewers. The research was
supported in part by the NOAA National Integrated Drought Information
System (NIDIS) Program.
NR 33
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 11
U2 35
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 6
BP 1721
EP 1732
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-02.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 255QF
UT WOS:000327254200003
ER
PT J
AU McGlue, MM
Cohen, AS
Ellis, GS
Kowler, AL
AF McGlue, Michael M.
Cohen, Andrew S.
Ellis, Geoffrey S.
Kowler, Andrew L.
TI Late Quaternary stratigraphy, sedimentology and geochemistry of an
underfilled lake basin in the Puna plateau (northwest Argentina)
SO BASIN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID GREEN RIVER FORMATION; WILKINS PEAK MEMBER; SALAR-DE-ATACAMA; NORTHERN
CHILE; BOLIVIAN ALTIPLANO; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FORELAND BASIN; CLOSED-BASIN;
SPATIAL VARIABILITY; CENTRAL ANDES
AB Depositional models of ancient lakes in thin-skinned retroarc foreland basins rarely benefit from appropriate Quaternary analogues. To address this, we present new stratigraphic, sedimentological and geochemical analyses of four radiocarbon-dated sediment cores from the Pozuelos Basin (PB; northwest Argentina) that capture the evolution of this low-accommodation Puna basin over the past ca. 43calkyr. Strata from the PB are interpreted as accumulations of a highly variable, underfilled lake system represented by lake-plain/littoral, profundal, palustrine, saline lake and playa facies associations. The vertical stacking of facies is asymmetric, with transgressive and thin organic-rich highstand deposits underlying thicker, organic-poor regressive deposits. The major controls on depositional architecture and basin palaeogeography are tectonics and climate. Accommodation space was derived from piggyback basin-forming flexural subsidence and Miocene-Quaternary normal faulting associated with incorporation of the basin into the Andean hinterland. Sediment and water supply was modulated by variability in the South American summer monsoon, and perennial lake deposits correlate in time with several well-known late Pleistocene wet periods on the Altiplano/Puna plateau. Our results shed new light on lake expansion-contraction dynamics in the PB in particular and provide a deeper understanding of Puna basin lakes in general.
C1 [McGlue, Michael M.; Ellis, Geoffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Cent Energy Resources Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Cohen, Andrew S.; Kowler, Andrew L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP McGlue, MM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cent Energy Resources Sci Ctr, POB 25046,MS 977, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM mmcglue@usgs.gov
RI McGlue, Michael/C-9752-2014;
OI Ellis, Geoffrey/0000-0003-4519-3320
FU National Science Foundation [0542993]; American Chemical Society (PRF)
[45910-AC8]; ExxonMobil; Sigma Xi; GSA; AAPG
FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (Award
0542993), American Chemical Society (PRF grant 45910-AC8), ExxonMobil
and small grants from Sigma Xi, GSA, and AAPG to the first author. L.
Lupo and R. G. Cortes of the Universidad Nacional de Jujuy provided
coring equipment. E. Piovano and A. Kirschbaum arranged logistics and
permitting. We heartily thank J. Omarini, C. Gans, E. Gleason, M.
Barrionuevo, M. Ayendez, D. Munoz, and the staff of PN Laguna de los
Pozuelos for their assistance in the field. The staff of LacCore
graciously assisted with all aspects of core processing and archiving.
J. Wood drafted the palaeogeographical maps. Special thanks to our
reviewers for their thoughtful comments. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 107
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0950-091X
EI 1365-2117
J9 BASIN RES
JI Basin Res.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 6
BP 638
EP 658
DI 10.1111/bre.12025
PG 21
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 251AP
UT WOS:000326900500002
ER
PT J
AU Fitak, RR
Koprowski, JL
Culver, M
AF Fitak, Robert R.
Koprowski, John L.
Culver, Melanie
TI Severe reduction in genetic variation in a montane isolate: the
endangered Mount Graham red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
grahamensis)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Endangered species; Conservation; Effective population size; Inbreeding;
Arizona
ID RECENT POPULATION BOTTLENECKS; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; ALLELE
FREQUENCY DATA; CHANGING ENVIRONMENT; CONSERVATION BIOLOGY; SPECIES
CONSERVATION; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; RELATEDNESS; DIVERSITY; LOCI
AB The Mount Graham red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis; MGRS) is endemic to the Pinaleo Mountains of Arizona at the southernmost extent of the species' range. The MGRS was listed as federally endangered in 1987, and is currently at high risk of extinction due to declining population size and increasing threats. Here we present a genetic assessment of the MGRS using eight nuclear DNA microsatellite markers and a 472 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. We analyzed 34 MGRS individuals and an additional 66 red squirrels from the nearby White Mountains, Arizona (T. h. mogollonensis). Both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analyses revealed an extreme reduction in measures of genetic diversity relative to conspecifics from the White Mountains, suggesting that the MGRS has either experienced multiple bottlenecks, or a single long-term bottleneck. Additionally, we found a high degree of relatedness (mean = 0.75 +/- A 0.18) between individual MGRS. Our study implies that the MGRS may lack the genetic variation required to respond to a changing environment. This is especially important considering this region of the southwest United States is expected to experience profound effects from global climate change. The reduced genetic variability together with the high relatedness coefficients should be taken into account when constructing a captive population to minimize loss of the remaining genetic variation.
C1 [Fitak, Robert R.; Koprowski, John L.; Culver, Melanie] Univ Arizona, Grad Interdisciplinary Program Genet, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Koprowski, John L.; Culver, Melanie] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Culver, Melanie] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Fitak, RR (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Grad Interdisciplinary Program Genet, Biosci East Room 317,1311 East 4th St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM rfitak@email.arizona.edu
FU Arizona Game and Fish Heritage Program; USDA Forest Service; University
of Arizona; Science Foundation Arizona fellowship; NSF-IGERT fellowship
in comparative genomics
FX We thank A. Naidu, A. Ochoa, J. Leonard, and two anonymous reviewers for
their helpful comments on this manuscript. We would also like to thank
the individuals who contributed to collecting tissue samples, especially
K. Munroe and V. Greer, and T. Dee, D. Sotelo and G. Reida for help with
DNA extractions. This research was supported through an Arizona Game and
Fish Heritage Program grant to MC and JLK and funds from the USDA Forest
Service and the University of Arizona to JLK. RRF was supported by a
Science Foundation Arizona fellowship and an NSF-IGERT fellowship in
comparative genomics. Mention of specific products does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 83
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U1 3
U2 41
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 6
BP 1233
EP 1241
DI 10.1007/s10592-013-0511-x
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 247PZ
UT WOS:000326632600011
ER
PT J
AU Weigel, DE
Connolly, PJ
Powell, MS
AF Weigel, Dana E.
Connolly, Patrick J.
Powell, Madison S.
TI The impact of small irrigation diversion dams on the recent migration
rates of steelhead and redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Migration; Isolation by resistance; Isolation by distance; Landscape
genetics; Steelhead
ID SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION ANALYSIS; EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE;
REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; RAINBOW-TROUT; MULTILOCUS
GENOTYPES; HATCHERY PROGRAMS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; BAYESIAN METHOD; RIVER
AB Barriers to migration are numerous in stream environments and can occur from anthropogenic activities (such as dams and culverts) or natural processes (such as log jams or dams constructed by beaver (Castor canadensis)). Identification of barriers can be difficult when obstructions are temporary or incomplete providing passage periodically. We examine the effect of several small irrigation diversion dams on the recent migration rates of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in three tributaries to the Methow River, Washington. The three basins had different recent migration patterns: Beaver Creek did not have any recent migration between sites, Libby Creek had two-way migration between sites and Gold Creek had downstream migration between sites. Sites with migration were significantly different from sites without migration in distance, number of obstructions, obstruction height to depth ratio and maximum stream gradient. When comparing the sites without migration in Beaver Creek to the sites with migration in Libby and Gold creeks, the number of obstructions was the only significant variable. Multinomial logistic regression identified obstruction height to depth ratio and maximum stream gradient as the best fitting model to predict the level of migration among sites. Small irrigation diversion dams were limiting population interactions in Beaver Creek and collectively blocking steelhead migration into the stream. Variables related to stream resistance (gradient, obstruction number and obstruction height to depth ratio) were better predictors of recent migration rates than distance, and can provide important insight into migration and population demographic processes in lotic species.
C1 [Weigel, Dana E.] Bur Reclamat, Snake River Area Off, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Connolly, Patrick J.] US Geol Survey, Columbia River Res Lab, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Powell, Madison S.] Univ Idaho, Inst Aquaculture Res, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA.
RP Weigel, DE (reprint author), Bur Reclamat, Snake River Area Off, 220 5th St Suite 105, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
EM dweigel@vandals.uidaho.edu
FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
FX Funding and materials were provided by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.
We are grateful to the local landowners, G. Ott and V. Stokes, who
allowed access to sites on Beaver Creek. M. Newsom provided valuable
scientific direction to the project. G. Knott and M. Notaro provided
support with local coordination and permitting. K. Martens, B. Fisher,
W. Tibbits and N. Glasser assisted in data collection and operation of
the weir and tag readers. J. Faler conducted the genetic analysis. Any
use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 56
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Z9 4
U1 2
U2 48
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 6
BP 1255
EP 1267
DI 10.1007/s10592-013-0513-8
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 247PZ
UT WOS:000326632600013
ER
PT J
AU Salehi, M
Panahbehagh, B
Parvardeh, A
Smith, DR
Lei, YC
AF Salehi, Mohammad
Panahbehagh, Bardia
Parvardeh, Afshin
Smith, David R.
Lei, Yuancai
TI Regression-type estimators for adaptive two-stage sequential sampling
SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Adaptive sampling; Freshwater mussels; GIS auxiliary variable; Optimal
coefficient; Rare population; Tamarix ramosissima
ID DISTRIBUTION MODELS; CONSERVATION; POPULATIONS; TAMARIX; MUSSELS; RIVER;
RARE
AB Adaptive two-stage sequential sampling (ATSSS) design was developed to observe more rare units and gain higher efficiency, in the sense of having a smaller variance estimator, than conventional sampling designs with equal effort for rare and spatially cluster populations. For certain rare populations, incorporating auxiliary variables into a sampling design can further improve the observation of rare units and increase efficiency. In this article, we develop regression-type estimators for ATSSS so that auxiliary variables can be incorporated into the ATSSS design when warranted. Simulation studies on two populations show that the regression-type estimators can significantly increase the efficiency of ATSSS and the detection of more rare units as compared to conventional sampling counterparts. Simulation of sampling of desert shrubs in Inner Mongolia (one of the two populations studied) showed that by incorporating a GIS auxiliary variable into ATSSS with the regression estimators resulted in a gain in efficiency over ATSSS without the auxiliary variable. Further, we found that the use of the GIS auxiliary variable in a conventional two-stage design with a regression estimator did not show a gain in efficiency.
C1 [Salehi, Mohammad] Qatar Univ, Dept Math Stat & Phys, Doha, Qatar.
[Salehi, Mohammad; Panahbehagh, Bardia] Isfahan Univ Technol, Dept Math Sci, Esfahan, Iran.
[Parvardeh, Afshin] Univ Isfahan, Dept Stat, Esfahan, Iran.
[Smith, David R.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV USA.
[Lei, Yuancai] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Resource Informat Tech, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Salehi, M (reprint author), Qatar Univ, Dept Math Stat & Phys, POB 2713, Doha, Qatar.
EM salehi@qu.edu.qa
FU Ministry of Science and Technology; National Natural Sciences Foundation
of China [31170588, 2005DIB5JI42]
FX We would like to thank two referees and an associate editor for their
helpful suggestions on a previous draft of this article. The authors
express their appreciation to the Ministry of Science and Technology and
National Natural Sciences Foundation of China for fiscal support in the
field work of Tamarix ramosissima population (Project Research Grants
31170588 and 2005DIB5JI42).
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1352-8505
EI 1573-3009
J9 ENVIRON ECOL STAT
JI Environ. Ecol. Stat.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 20
IS 4
BP 571
EP 590
DI 10.1007/s10651-012-0235-y
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
Statistics & Probability
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics
GA 253LA
UT WOS:000327086000004
ER
PT J
AU Seabloom, EW
Borer, ET
Buckley, Y
Cleland, EE
Davies, K
Firn, J
Harpole, WS
Hautier, Y
Lind, E
Macdougall, A
Orrock, JL
Prober, SM
Adler, P
Alberti, J
Anderson, TM
Bakker, JD
Biederman, LA
Blumenthal, D
Brown, CS
Brudvig, LA
Caldeira, M
Chu, CJ
Crawley, MJ
Daleo, P
Damschen, EI
D'Antonio, CM
Decrappeo, NM
Dickman, CR
Du, GZ
Fay, PA
Frater, P
Gruner, DS
Hagenah, N
Hector, A
Helm, A
Hillebrand, H
Hofmockel, KS
Humphries, HC
Iribarne, O
Jin, VL
Kay, A
Kirkman, KP
Klein, JA
Knops, JMH
La Pierre, KJ
Ladwig, LM
Lambrinos, JG
Leakey, ADB
Li, Q
Li, W
Mcculley, R
Melbourne, B
Mitchell, CE
Moore, JL
Morgan, J
Mortensen, B
O'Halloran, LR
Partel, M
Pascual, J
Pyke, DA
Risch, AC
Salguero-Gomez, R
Sankaran, M
Schuetz, M
Simonsen, A
Smith, M
Stevens, C
Sullivan, L
Wardle, GM
Wolkovich, EM
Wragg, PD
Wright, J
Yang, L
AF Seabloom, Eric W.
Borer, Elizabeth T.
Buckley, Yvonne
Cleland, Elsa E.
Davies, Kendi
Firn, Jennifer
Harpole, W. Stanley
Hautier, Yann
Lind, Eric
Macdougall, Andrew
Orrock, John L.
Prober, Suzanne M.
Adler, Peter
Alberti, Juan
Anderson, T. Michael
Bakker, Jonathan D.
Biederman, Lori A.
Blumenthal, Dana
Brown, Cynthia S.
Brudvig, Lars A.
Caldeira, Maria
Chu, Chengjin
Crawley, Michael J.
Daleo, Pedro
Damschen, Ellen I.
D'Antonio, Carla M.
Decrappeo, Nicole M.
Dickman, Chris R.
Du, Guozhen
Fay, Philip A.
Frater, Paul
Gruner, Daniel S.
Hagenah, Nicole
Hector, Andrew
Helm, Aveliina
Hillebrand, Helmut
Hofmockel, Kirsten S.
Humphries, Hope C.
Iribarne, Oscar
Jin, Virginia L.
Kay, Adam
Kirkman, Kevin P.
Klein, Julia A.
Knops, Johannes M. H.
La Pierre, Kimberly J.
Ladwig, Laura M.
Lambrinos, John G.
Leakey, Andrew D. B.
Li, Qi
Li, Wei
Mcculley, Rebecca
Melbourne, Brett
Mitchell, Charles E.
Moore, Joslin L.
Morgan, John
Mortensen, Brent
O'Halloran, Lydia R.
Paertel, Meelis
Pascual, Jesus
Pyke, David A.
Risch, Anita C.
Salguero-Gomez, Roberto
Sankaran, Mahesh
Schuetz, Martin
Simonsen, Anna
Smith, Melinda
Stevens, Carly
Sullivan, Lauren
Wardle, Glenda M.
Wolkovich, Elizabeth M.
Wragg, Peter D.
Wright, Justin
Yang, Louie
TI Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the
real embarrassment of richness?
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; PLANT INVASIONS; UNITED-STATES; SPECIES INVASIONS;
COMMUNITIES; COMPETITION; CALIFORNIA; PATTERNS; IMPACTS; CONSERVATION
AB Invasions have increased the size of regional species pools, but are typically assumed to reduce native diversity. However, global-scale tests of this assumption have been elusive because of the focus on exotic species richness, rather than relative abundance. This is problematic because low invader richness can indicate invasion resistance by the native community or, alternatively, dominance by a single exotic species. Here, we used a globally replicated study to quantify relationships between exotic richness and abundance in grass-dominated ecosystems in 13 countries on six continents, ranging from salt marshes to alpine tundra. We tested effects of human land use, native community diversity, herbivore pressure, and nutrient limitation on exotic plant dominance. Despite its widespread use, exotic richness was a poor proxy for exotic dominance at low exotic richness, because sites that contained few exotic species ranged from relatively pristine (low exotic richness and cover) to almost completely exotic-dominated ones (low exotic richness but high exotic cover). Both exotic cover and richness were predicted by native plant diversity (native grass richness) and land use (distance to cultivation). Although climate was important for predicting both exotic cover and richness, climatic factors predicting cover (precipitation variability) differed from those predicting richness (maximum temperature and mean temperature in the wettest quarter). Herbivory and nutrient limitation did not predict exotic richness or cover. Exotic dominance was greatest in areas with low native grass richness at the site- or regional-scale. Although this could reflect native grass displacement, a lack of biotic resistance is a more likely explanation, given that grasses comprise the most aggressive invaders. These findings underscore the need to move beyond richness as a surrogate for the extent of invasion, because this metric confounds monodominance with invasion resistance. Monitoring species' relative abundance will more rapidly advance our understanding of invasions.
C1 [Seabloom, Eric W.; Borer, Elizabeth T.; Hautier, Yann; Lind, Eric; Wragg, Peter D.] Univ MN, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Buckley, Yvonne; Salguero-Gomez, Roberto] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, ARC Ctr Excellence Environm Decis, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Cleland, Elsa E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ecol Behav & Evolut Sect, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
[Davies, Kendi; Melbourne, Brett] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Firn, Jennifer] Queensland Univ Technol, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia.
[Harpole, W. Stanley; Biederman, Lori A.; Frater, Paul; Hofmockel, Kirsten S.; Mortensen, Brent; Sullivan, Lauren] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Hautier, Yann; Hector, Andrew] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Macdougall, Andrew] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Orrock, John L.; Damschen, Ellen I.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Prober, Suzanne M.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia.
[Adler, Peter] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Adler, Peter] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Alberti, Juan; Daleo, Pedro; Iribarne, Oscar; Pascual, Jesus] Inst Invest Marinas & Costeras UNMdP CONICET, Mar Del Plata, Argentina.
[Anderson, T. Michael] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
[Bakker, Jonathan D.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Blumenthal, Dana] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Brown, Cynthia S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Brudvig, Lars A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Caldeira, Maria] Univ Tecn Lisboa, Inst Super Agron, Ctr Estudos Florestais, P-1100 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Chu, Chengjin; Du, Guozhen] Lanzhou Univ, Sch Life Sci, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
[Crawley, Michael J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Biol, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England.
[D'Antonio, Carla M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Decrappeo, Nicole M.; Pyke, David A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Dickman, Chris R.; Wardle, Glenda M.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Desert Ecol Res Grp, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Fay, Philip A.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA.
[Gruner, Daniel S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hagenah, Nicole; Kirkman, Kevin P.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, ZA-3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
[Hagenah, Nicole; La Pierre, Kimberly J.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Helm, Aveliina; Paertel, Meelis] Univ Tartu, Inst Ecol & Earth Sci, EE-50090 Tartu, Estonia.
[Hillebrand, Helmut] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm, Wilhelmshaven, Germany.
[Humphries, Hope C.] Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jin, Virginia L.] USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Kay, Adam] Univ St Thomas, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA.
[Klein, Julia A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Knops, Johannes M. H.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Ladwig, Laura M.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA.
[Lambrinos, John G.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Leakey, Andrew D. B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Leakey, Andrew D. B.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Li, Qi] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Plateau Biol, Key Lab Adaptat & Evolut Plateau Biota, Xining 810008, Qinghai, Peoples R China.
[Li, Wei] Southwest Forestry Univ, Yunnan Acad Biodivers, Kunming 650224, Peoples R China.
[Mcculley, Rebecca] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
[Mitchell, Charles E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Moore, Joslin L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Bot, Australian Res Ctr Urban Ecol, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Morgan, John] La Trobe Univ, Dept Bot, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia.
[O'Halloran, Lydia R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Risch, Anita C.; Schuetz, Martin] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
[Sankaran, Mahesh] Natl Ctr Biol Sci, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India.
[Simonsen, Anna] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada.
[Smith, Melinda] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Stevens, Carly] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England.
[Wolkovich, Elizabeth M.] Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Wright, Justin] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Yang, Louie] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Seabloom, EW (reprint author), Univ MN, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM seabloom@umn.edu
RI Hillebrand, Helmut/I-1717-2014; Hautier, Yann/D-5426-2015; Helm,
Aveliina/H-3127-2015; Partel, Meelis/D-5493-2012; Moore,
Joslin/C-5270-2009; Gruner, Daniel/A-5166-2010; Li, Qi/H-4374-2011;
MacDougall, Andrew/F-2037-2011; Mitchell, Charles/I-3709-2014; Buckley,
Yvonne/B-1281-2008; Smith, Melinda/J-8987-2014; Harpole,
William/C-2814-2013; Adler, Peter/D-3781-2009; Wragg, Peter/C-8385-2009;
Hector, Andrew/H-4199-2011; Risch, Anita/A-9836-2012; Caldeira,
Maria/D-4107-2013; Salguero-Gomez, Roberto/N-6016-2016; Leakey,
Andrew/Q-9889-2016; Prober, Suzanne/G-6465-2010;
OI Hillebrand, Helmut/0000-0001-7449-1613; Hautier,
Yann/0000-0003-4347-7741; Helm, Aveliina/0000-0003-2338-4564; Partel,
Meelis/0000-0002-5874-0138; Moore, Joslin/0000-0001-9809-5092; Gruner,
Daniel/0000-0002-3153-4297; Mitchell, Charles/0000-0002-1633-1993;
Buckley, Yvonne/0000-0001-7599-3201; Harpole,
William/0000-0002-3404-9174; Wragg, Peter/0000-0003-2361-4286; Borer,
Elizabeth/0000-0003-2259-5853; La Pierre, Kimberly/0000-0001-7056-4547;
Biederman, Lori/0000-0003-2171-7898; Lind, Eric/0000-0003-3051-7724;
Hector, Andrew/0000-0002-1309-7716; Risch, Anita/0000-0003-0531-8336;
Caldeira, Maria/0000-0002-3586-8526; Salguero-Gomez,
Roberto/0000-0002-6085-4433; Leakey, Andrew/0000-0001-6251-024X; Fay,
Philip/0000-0002-8291-6316; Firn, Jennifer/0000-0001-6026-8912;
Seabloom, Eric/0000-0001-6780-9259; Daleo, Pedro/0000-0001-9759-1203
FU Nutrient Network; National Science Foundation Research Coordination
Network [NSF-DEB-1042132]; Long Term Ecological Research program
[NSF-DEB-1234162]; Institute on the Environment [DG-0001-13]
FX This work was generated using data from the Nutrient Network
(http://nutnet.org) experiment, funded at the site scale by individual
researchers. Coordination and data management have been supported by
funding to E. Borer and E. Seabloom from the National Science Foundation
Research Coordination Network (NSF-DEB-1042132) and Long Term Ecological
Research (NSF-DEB-1234162 to Cedar Creek LTER) programs and the
Institute on the Environment (DG-0001-13). We also thank the Minnesota
Supercomputer Institute for hosting project data and the Institute on
the Environment for hosting Network meetings. Supplemental table S3
provides information on author roles. Any use of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 67
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U1 14
U2 157
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 12
BP 3677
EP 3687
DI 10.1111/gcb.12370
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 250FN
UT WOS:000326836000011
PM 24038796
ER
PT J
AU Booth-Binczik, SD
Bradley, RD
Thompson, CW
Bender, LC
Huntley, JW
Harvey, JA
Laack, LL
Mays, JL
AF Booth-Binczik, Susan D.
Bradley, Robert D.
Thompson, Cody W.
Bender, Louis C.
Huntley, Jerry W.
Harvey, Johanna A.
Laack, Linda L.
Mays, Jody L.
TI FOOD HABITS OF OCELOTS AND POTENTIAL FOR COMPETITION WITH BOBCATS IN
SOUTHERN TEXAS
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB Recovery efforts for the endangered ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) would be aided by knowledge of its feeding ecology in the affected region. We analyzed scat of ocelots and bobcats (Lynx rufus) from southern Texas. As has been found for most other populations of ocelots, rodents were the primary prey, but the principal species of rodent, the Mexican spiny pocket mouse (Liomys irroratus), is smaller than the principal prey reported for other populations of ocelots. Lagomorphs were more common prey than has been reported in other studies of ocelots, and birds more common prey than in all but one previous study. The diet of bobcats appeared similar overall to the diet of ocelots, but lagomorphs occurred in a significantly higher proportion of scats from bobcats. The data suggest that bobcats also preyed more heavily on the largest rodents and less on the medium-sized rodents than ocelots did. There was no clear division by type of habitat; both felids preyed approximately equally on species that are found primarily in grassland and those that are found in thornscrub. Near the United States-Mexico border, where the ranges of these felids overlap, there is the potential for substantial competition for resources between the two species. An important component of efforts to restore the population of ocelots in this region, therefore, will be a thorough investigation of this possibility. Studies of the dietary differences when both or only one of the felid species is present in an area, use of foraging habitat by both species, and the relationship between densities of prey and felids would allow the likelihood of negative impacts of competition to be fully evaluated.
C1 [Booth-Binczik, Susan D.] Dallas Zoo, Dallas, TX 75203 USA.
[Bradley, Robert D.; Thompson, Cody W.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Bender, Louis C.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Extens Anim Sci & Nat Resources, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Huntley, Jerry W.; Harvey, Johanna A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Laack, Linda L.; Mays, Jody L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Laguna Atascosa Natl Wildlife Refuge, Los Fresnos, TX 78566 USA.
RP Booth-Binczik, SD (reprint author), POB 2614, Silver Bay, NY 12874 USA.
EM suebb@gru.net
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 33
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 4
BP 403
EP 410
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V37ZF
UT WOS:000209313000002
ER
PT J
AU Sechrist, J
Ahlers, DD
Zehfuss, KP
Doster, RH
Paxton, EH
Ryan, VM
AF Sechrist, Juddson
Ahlers, Darrell D.
Zehfuss, Katherine Potak
Doster, Robert H.
Paxton, Eben H.
Ryan, Vicky M.
TI HOME RANGE AND USE OF HABITAT OF WESTERN YELLOW-BILLED CUCKOOS ON THE
MIDDLE RIO GRANDE, NEW MEXICO
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB The western yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus occidentalis) is a Distinct Population Segment that has been proposed for listing under the Endangered Species Act, yet very little is known about its spatial use on the breeding grounds. We implemented a study, using radio telemetry, of home range and use of habitat for breeding cuckoos along the Middle Rio Grande in central New Mexico in 2007 and 2008. Nine of 13 cuckoos were tracked for sufficient time to generate estimates of home range. Overall size of home ranges for the 2 years was 91 ha for a minimum-convex-polygon estimate and 62 ha for a 95%-kernel-home-range estimate. Home ranges varied considerably among individuals, highlighting variability in spatial use by cuckoos. Additionally, use of habitat differed between core areas and overall home ranges, but the differences were nonsignificant. Home ranges calculated for western yellow-billed cuckoos on the Middle Rio Grande are larger than those in other southwestern riparian areas. Based on calculated home ranges and availability of riparian habitat in the study area, we estimate that the study area is capable of supporting 82-99 nonoverlapping home ranges of cuckoos. Spatial data from this study should contribute to the understanding of the requirements of area and habitat of this species for management of resources and help facilitate recovery if a listing occurs.
C1 [Sechrist, Juddson; Ahlers, Darrell D.] US Bur Reclamat, Denver Tech Serv Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Zehfuss, Katherine Potak] North Wind Inc, Denver Tech Serv Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Doster, Robert H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pacific Southwest Reg Migratory Bird Program, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA.
[Paxton, Eben H.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
[Ryan, Vicky M.] US Bur Reclamat, Albuquerque Area Off, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA.
RP Sechrist, J (reprint author), US Bur Reclamat, Denver Tech Serv Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jsechrist@usbr.gov
OI Paxton, Eben/0000-0001-5578-7689
FU Albuquerque Area Office; Research and Development Program of the United
States Bureau of Reclamation
FX We thank the Albuquerque Area Office and the Research and Development
Program of the United States Bureau of Reclamation for funding
associated with this project. We appreciate the time and effort our
seasonal technicians spent assisting with collection of data and thank
C. Fields for assistance with Interlibrary Loan Materials. Y. E. Porras
Mendoza provided the Spanish translation of the abstract. Also, we would
like to recognize D. Carstensen and S. Kennedy for managing fieldwork on
the Middle Rio Grande during this study. The use of product trade names
in this paper does not constitute product endorsement by the United
States government.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 10
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 4
BP 411
EP 419
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V37ZF
UT WOS:000209313000003
ER
PT J
AU Sanchez, JL
Stoops, SB
Allan, NL
Cureton, JC
Garrett, GP
Kroll, CW
Lewis, RH
Marsh-Matthews, E
West, J
Deaton, R
AF Sanchez, Jessica L.
Stoops, Stacy B.
Allan, Nathan L.
Cureton, James C., II
Garrett, Gary P.
Kroll, Christopher W.
Lewis, Richard H.
Marsh-Matthews, Edie
West, Janalyn
Deaton, Raelynn
TI CURRENT DISTRIBUTION OF THE INTRODUCED LARGESPRING GAMBUSIA, GAMBUSIA
GEISERI, IN TEXAS
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB The largespring gambusia (Gambusia geiseri) is a livebearing fish likely endemic to the headwaters of the San Marcos River. This species thrives in cool headwater springs and, as a result of introductions for mosquito control, may now be invasive in many springs throughout Texas. Gambusia geiseri is believed to be outcompeting its endangered congener, G. nobilis, in the San Solomon Spring in western Texas and may be a threat to other endemic, spring-dwelling Gambusia. Thus, it is important to understand its current distribution. Approximately 15 years ago, the distribution of G. geiseri was documented through much of its range; however, many sites where G. geiseri occurs presently were not explored or were previously unknown. Therefore, to update the current distribution of this species in Texas, all sites previously documented, in addition to several other sites where G. geiseri now persists, were revisited. We present updated results for the distribution of G. geiseri in Texas and also provide estimates of the size of the population at each locale.
C1 [Sanchez, Jessica L.; Stoops, Stacy B.; Cureton, James C., II; Kroll, Christopher W.; Lewis, Richard H.; West, Janalyn; Deaton, Raelynn] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA.
[Allan, Nathan L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
[Garrett, Gary P.] Heart Hill Fisheries Sci Ctr, Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Mt Home, TX 78058 USA.
[Marsh-Matthews, Edie] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Zool, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Marsh-Matthews, Edie] Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum Nat Hist, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Deaton, R (reprint author), Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, POB 2116, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA.
EM paulad@stedwards.edu
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 4
BP 497
EP 502
DI 10.1894/0038-4909-58.4.395
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V37ZF
UT WOS:000209313000021
ER
PT J
AU Marsh, PC
Mueller, GA
Schooley, JD
AF Marsh, Paul C.
Mueller, Gordon A.
Schooley, Jason D.
TI SPRINGTIME FOODS OF BONYTAIL (CYPRINIDAE: GILA ELEGANS) IN A LOWER
COLORADO RIVER BACKWATER
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB Bonytail, Gila elegans, in Cibola High Levee Pond, an isolated lower Colorado River backwater, fed more during evening and after dark than during daylight. Fish were omnivorous, and contents of stomachs (n = 72) included amorphous organic matter (materials digested beyond visual identification), aquatic macrophytes, invertebrates (micro-crustaceans, insects, and crayfish), bullfrog, and fish. Proportion of plants decreased while that of invertebrates increased with increased size of fish. Remains of fish were found only in the largest specimens. Asian tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, was in 11% of the sample and represents the first report for this parasite from open waters of the lower Colorado River system.
C1 [Marsh, Paul C.] Marsh & Associates, Tempe, AZ 85282 USA.
[Marsh, Paul C.; Schooley, Jason D.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85297 USA.
[Mueller, Gordon A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Marsh, PC (reprint author), Marsh & Associates, 5016 South Ash Ave Suite 108, Tempe, AZ 85282 USA.
EM fish.dr@nativefishlab.net
FU United States Geological Survey Biological Resources Division
[00CRAG004, 0004CS003]
FX We thank J. Haegel, D. T. Thornbrugh, R. Colvin, C. O. Minckley, and M.
R. Schwemm for additional assistance in the field. Work was performed
under Arizona State University Animal Use and Care Protocol No. 05-767R.
Appropriate permits from Arizona, California, and United States Fish and
Wildlife Service authorized collections. United States Geological Survey
Biological Resources Division provided funding through Cooperative
Agreement No. 00CRAG004 Project Award No. 0004CS003 to Arizona State
University, Tempe (PCM). R. W. Clarkson and A. P. Karam reviewed and
improved an earlier draft of the manuscript, and thoughtful reviews on
behalf of the journal by D. M. Stone and two anonymous individuals were
helpful in preparing the final version.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 6
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 4
BP 512
EP 516
DI 10.1894/0038-4909-58.4.512
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V37ZF
UT WOS:000209313000025
ER
PT J
AU Longshore, K
Lowrey, C
Thompson, DB
AF Longshore, Kathleen
Lowrey, Chris
Thompson, Daniel B.
TI Detecting Short-Term Responses to Weekend Recreation Activity: Desert
Bighorn Sheep Avoidance of Hiking Trails
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE desert bighorn sheep; logistic regression; national parks; Ovis
canadensis nelsoni; recreation
AB To study potential effects of recreation activity on habitat use of desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni), we placed Global Positioning System collars on 10 female bighorn sheep within the Wonderland of Rocks-Queen Mountain region of Joshua Tree National Park (JOTR), California, USA, from 2002 to 2004. Recreation use was highest from March to April and during weekends throughout the year. Daily use of recreation trails was highest during midday. By comparing habitat use (slope, ruggedness, distance to water, and distance to recreation trails) of female bighorn sheep on weekdays versus weekends, we were able to detect short-term shifts in behavior in response to recreation. In a logistic regression of bighorn sheep locations versus random locations for March and April, female locations at midday (1200 hours) were significantly more distant from recreation trails on weekends compared with weekdays. Our results indicate that within this region of JOTR, moderate to high levels of human recreation activity may temporarily exclude bighorn females from their preferred habitat. However, the relative proximity of females to recreation trails during the weekdays before and after such habitat shifts indicates that these anthropogenic impacts were short-lived. Our results have implications for management of wildlife on public lands where the co-existence of wildlife and recreational use is a major goal. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Longshore, Kathleen; Lowrey, Chris] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
[Thompson, Daniel B.] Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
RP Longshore, K (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 160 N Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
EM longshore@usgs.gov
FU National Resources Preservation Program of the U.S. Geological Survey;
National Park Service
FX Funding for this project was provided by the National Resources
Preservation Program of the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park
Service. We thank the Natural Resource staff at Joshua Tree National
Park, California, and the California Department of Fish and Game, who
conducted the capture operation. Animal-use protocols were approved by
Animal Care and Use Committees for the University of Nevada, Las Vegas
and the U.S. Geological Survey. The use of trade, product, or firm names
in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 62
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 37
IS 4
BP 698
EP 706
DI 10.1002/wsb.349
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V38IC
UT WOS:000209336100003
ER
PT J
AU Crosby, AD
Elmore, RD
Leslie, DM
AF Crosby, Andrew D.
Elmore, R. Dwayne
Leslie, David M.
TI Northern Bobwhite Response to Habitat Restoration in Eastern Oklahoma
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE area; canopy cover; Colinus virginianus; landscape; occupancy modeling;
population
AB In response to the decline of northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus; hereafter, bobwhite) in eastern Oklahoma, USA, a cost-share incentive program for private landowners was initiated to restore early successional habitat. Our objectives were to determine whether the program had an effect on bobwhite occupancy in the restoration areas and evaluate how local-and landscape-level habitat characteristics affect occupancy in both restoration and control areas. We surveyed 14 sample units that received treatment between 2009 and 2011, and 17 sample units that were controls. We used single-season occupancy models, with year as a dummy variable, to test for an effect of restoration treatment and habitat variables on occupancy. We found no significant treatment effect. Model selection showed that occupancy was best explained by the combination of overstory canopy cover and habitat area at both the local and landscape scales. Moran's I revealed positive spatial autocorrelation in the 1,000-3,000-m distance band, indicating that the likelihood of bobwhite occupancy increased with proximity to other populations. We show that creating >= 20 ha of habitat within 1-3 km of existing bobwhite populations increases the chance of restoration being successful. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Crosby, Andrew D.; Elmore, R. Dwayne] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Leslie, David M.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Crosby, AD (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 480 Wilson Rd,Room 13 Nat Resources Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM crosbya1@msu.edu
OI Crosby, Andrew/0000-0002-9740-8453
FU Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation [W-161-R (F10AF00180)];
Oklahoma State University; Nature Conservancy's Weaver Grant Program;
Oklahoma Ornithological Society; Payne County Audubon Society
FX Funding was provided by the Pittman-Robertson Federal Aid to Wildlife
Restoration Act under project W-161-R (F10AF00180) of the Oklahoma
Department of Wildlife Conservation and Oklahoma State University with
additional support from The Nature Conservancy's Weaver Grant Program,
Oklahoma Ornithological Society, and Payne County Audubon Society. The
project was administered through the Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit (Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation,
Oklahoma State University, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute cooperating). We
thank all of the landowners who allowed us to conduct research on their
property; M. G. Sams and E. M. Bartholomew of the Oklahoma Department of
Wildlife Conservation; R. E. Will and D. S. Wilson of the Oklahoma State
University Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management; R. J.
Cervantes, C. Griffin, C. E. Chappell, and N. Hillis for assistance in
the field; and M. Payton of the Oklahoma State University Department of
Statistics for statistical consulting help. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 46
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U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 37
IS 4
BP 733
EP 740
DI 10.1002/wsb.351
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V38IC
UT WOS:000209336100007
ER
PT J
AU Timmer, JM
Butler, MJ
Ballard, WB
Boal, CW
Whitlaw, HA
AF Timmer, Jennifer M.
Butler, Matthew J.
Ballard, Warren B.
Boal, Clint W.
Whitlaw, Heather A.
TI Abundance and Density of Lesser Prairie-Chickens and Leks in Texas
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE abundance; aerial survey; detectability; distance sampling; lek density;
lesser prairie-chicken; Texas; Tympanuchus pallidicinctus
AB Lesser prairie-chickens (LEPCs; Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) have experienced population declines due to both direct and indirect habitat loss, including conversion of native rangeland to cropland and disturbance from energy development. Our objectives were to 1) determine the current density of LEPC leks and LEPCs within the Texas (USA) occupied range, including areas with high potential for wind-energy development; and 2) find new leks. To estimate lek and LEPC density, we employed a line-transect-based aerial survey method using a Robinson 22 helicopter to count leks. We surveyed 26,810.9 km of transect in the spring of 2010 and 2011 and we detected 96 leks. We estimated a density of 2.0 leks/100 km(2) (90% CI = 1.4-2.7 leks/100 km(2)) and 12.3 LEPCs/100 km(2) (90% CI = 8.5-17.9 LEPCs/100 km(2)) and an abundance of 293.6 leks (90% CI = 213.9-403.0 leks) and 1,822.4 LEPCs (90% CI = 1,253.7-2,649.1 LEPCs) for our sampling frame. Our best model indicated that lek size and lek type (AIC(c) wt = 0.235) influenced lek detectability. Lek detectability was greater for larger leks and natural leks versus man-made leks. Our statewide survey efforts provide wildlife managers and biologists with population estimates, new lek locations, and areas to target for monitoring and conservation. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Timmer, Jennifer M.; Ballard, Warren B.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Butler, Matthew J.; Whitlaw, Heather A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA.
[Boal, Clint W.] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Agr Sci 218, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Timmer, JM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, 1499 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
EM timmerj3@gmail.com
FU U.S. Department of Energy grant; Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
(TPWD); Texas Tech University
FX This project was funded by a U.S. Department of Energy grant and
additional financial contribution from Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department (TPWD) and Texas Tech University. We thank J. Ashling, J. R.
Leal, J. Leal, and K. Pyle for assisting with the aerial and ground
surveys; and J. Bonner and R. Martin from TPWD for organizing and
leading TPWD's contribution to the aerial surveys in 2010 and 2011. We
could not have completed our ground-truthing effort without the
cooperation of countless landowners. We also could not have completed
our aerial surveys successfully or safely without the skill and guidance
of our pilots: A. Wheatly, D. Wooten, A. Lange, M. Huggins, K. Lange,
and T. Webb. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. This is Texas Tech University, College of Agricultural
Science and Natural Resources technical publication T-9-1233.
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U1 3
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 37
IS 4
BP 741
EP 749
DI 10.1002/wsb.304
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V38IC
UT WOS:000209336100008
ER
PT J
AU Hagen, CA
Grisham, BA
Boal, CW
Haukos, DA
AF Hagen, Christian A.
Grisham, Blake A.
Boal, Clint W.
Haukos, David A.
TI A Meta-Analysis of Lesser Prairie-Chicken Nesting and Brood-Rearing
Habitats: Implications for Habitat Management
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Artemisia filifolia; breeding habitat; Conservation Reserve Program;
effect size; Hedges' d; lesser prairie-chicken; Quercus havardii; sand
sagebrush; sand shinnery oak; Tympanuchus pallidicinctus
AB The distribution and range of lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) has been reduced by >90% since European settlement of the Great Plains of North America. Currently, lesser prairie-chickens occupy 3 general vegetation communities: sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia), sand shinnery oak (Quercus havardii), and mixed-grass prairies juxtaposed with Conservation Reserve Program grasslands. As a candidate for protection under the Endangered Species Act, there is a need for a synthesis that characterizes habitat structure rangewide. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of vegetation characteristics at nest sites and brood habitats to determine whether there was an overall effect (Hedges' d) of habitat selection and to estimate average (95% CI) habitat characteristics at use sites. We estimated effect sizes (d(i)) from the difference between use (nests and brood sites) and random sampling sites for each study (n = 14), and derived an overall effect size (d(++)). There was a general effect for habitat selection as evidenced by low levels of variation in effect sizes across studies and regions. There was a small to medium effect (d(++) = 0.20-0.82) of selection for greater vertical structure (visual obstruction) by nesting females in both vegetation communities, and selection against bare ground (d(++) = 0.20-0.58). Females with broods exhibited less selectivity for habitat components except for vertical structure. The variation of d(++) was greater during nesting than brooding periods, signifying a seasonal shift in habitat use, and perhaps a greater range of tolerance for brood-rearing habitat. The overall estimates of vegetation cover were consistent with those provided in management guidelines for the species. (C) Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Hagen, Christian A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Bend, OR 97702 USA.
[Grisham, Blake A.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Boal, Clint W.] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Haukos, David A.] Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
RP Hagen, CA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 500 SW Bond St,Suite 107, Bend, OR 97702 USA.
EM christian.hagen@oregonstate.edu
FU Grasslands Charitable foundation; Texas Tech Department of Natural
Resources Management; U.S. Geological Survey; Texas Parks and Wildlife;
New Mexico Game and Fish Division; Great Plains Landscape Conservation
Cooperative; Nature Conservancy
FX We thank a multitude of private land owners in Texas for private land
access. We thank J. Weaver, W. Heck, and all members of the Grasslands
Charitable foundation for providing financial and logistical support and
study site access in New Mexico. We thank C. Dixon, A. Wood, P.
Borsdorf, and a plethora of field technicians for field data collection
in New Mexico and Texas. Financial and logistical support was provided
by Texas Tech Department of Natural Resources Management, U.S.
Geological Survey, Texas Parks and Wildlife, New Mexico Game and Fish
Division, the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative, and The
Nature Conservancy. A Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit agreement
between Oregon State University and Natural Resources Conservation
Service provided support for this research. D. Elmore and H. Whitlaw
provided comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript and were greatly
appreciated.
NR 33
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U1 1
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 37
IS 4
BP 750
EP 758
DI 10.1002/wsb.313
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V38IC
UT WOS:000209336100009
ER
PT J
AU Pirius, NE
Boal, CW
Haukos, DA
Wallace, MC
AF Pirius, Nicholas E.
Boal, Clint W.
Haukos, David A.
Wallace, Mark C.
TI Winter Habitat Use and Survival of Lesser Prairie-Chickens in West Texas
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE habitat use; lesser prairie-chicken; non-breeding season; sand shinnery
oak; survival; Texas; Tympanuchus pallidicinctus; winter
AB The lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) has experienced declines in population and occupied range since the late 1800s and is currently proposed for Federal protection under the Endangered Species Act. Populations and the distribution of lesser prairie-chickens in Texas, USA, are thought to be at or near all-time lows. Currently, there is a paucity of data on the wintering ecology of the species. We measured home range, habitat use, and survival of lesser prairie-chickens during the non-breeding seasons (1 Sep-28 Feb) of 2008-2009, 2009-2010, and 2010-2011 in sand shinnery oak (Quercus havardii) landscapes in the West Texas panhandle region. Home range size did not differ among years or between females (503 ha) andmales (489 ha). Over 97% of locations of both male and female prairie-chickens were within 3.2 km of the lek of capture, and 99.9% were within 3.2 km of an available water source (i.e., livestock water tank). Habitat cover types were not used proportional to occurrence within the home ranges; grassland-dominated areas with co-occurring sand shinnery oak were used more than available, but sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia)-dominated areas with grassland and sand sagebrush-dominated areas with bare ground were both used less than available. Survival rates during the first 2 non-breeding seasons (>80%) were among the highest reported for the species. However, survival during the third non-breeding season was only 57%, resulting in a 3-year average of 72%. It does not appear that non-breeding season mortality is a strong limiting factor in lesser prairie-chicken persistence in the study area. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Pirius, Nicholas E.; Wallace, Mark C.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Boal, Clint W.] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Haukos, David A.] Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Pirius, NE (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM clint.boal@ttu.edu
FU Texas Parks and Wildlife; U.S. Geological Survey Texas Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit; Texas Tech Department of Natural Resources
Management
FX Access to private property was provided by various landowners. We thank
B. Grisham, D. Holt, D. Lucia, B. Skipper, and M. VanLandeghem for their
support both in the lab and in the field, and A. E. Escobar, C. G. Frey,
C. Kveton, L. Rindlisbacher, and A. Teague for help with the fieldwork.
We thank H. Whitlaw for service on the graduate student committee, and
substantive review comments on the graduate thesis stemming from this
research. Financial and logistical support for this project was provided
by Texas Parks and Wildlife, U.S. Geological Survey Texas Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and Texas Tech Department of Natural
Resources Management.
NR 38
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U1 3
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 37
IS 4
BP 759
EP 765
DI 10.1002/wsb.354
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V38IC
UT WOS:000209336100010
ER
PT J
AU Wood, PB
Williams, JM
AF Wood, Petra Bohall
Williams, Jennifer M.
TI Terrestrial Salamander Abundance on Reclaimed Mountaintop Removal Mines
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Appalachians; forest fragmentation; reclaimed surface mines;
salamanders; soil; terrestrial; vegetation; West Virginia
AB Mountaintop removal mining, a large-scale disturbance affecting vegetation, soil structure, and topography, converts landscapes from mature forests to extensive grassland and shrubland habitats. We sampled salamanders using drift-fence arrays and coverboard transects on and near mountaintop removal mines in southern West Virginia, USA, during 2000-2002. We compared terrestrial salamander relative abundance and species richness of un-mined, intact forest with habitats on reclaimed mountaintop removal mines (reclaimed grassland, reclaimed shrubland, and fragmented forest). Salamanders within forests increased in relative abundance with increasing distance from reclaimed mine edge. Reclaimed grassland and shrubland habitats had lower relative abundance and species richness than forests. Characteristics of reclaimed habitats that likely contributed to lower salamander abundance included poor soils (dry, compacted, little organic matter, high rock content), reduced vertical structure of vegetation and little tree cover, and low litter and woody debris cover. Past research has shown that salamander populations reduced by clearcutting may rebound in 15-24 years. Time since disturbance was 7-28 years in reclaimed habitats on our study areas and salamander populations had not reached levels found in adjacent mature forests. Published 2013.
C1 [Wood, Petra Bohall] W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Williams, Jennifer M.] W Virginia Univ, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Wood, PB (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 322 Percival Hall,POB 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM pbwood@wvu.edu
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; West Virginia State Legislature;
West Virginia Division of Natural Resources; U.S. Geological Survey
Cooperative Research Units; West Virginia University Research
Corporation
FX Research funding was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, West Virginia State Legislature, West Virginia Division of
Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative Research Units,
and West Virginia University Research Corporation. Numerous individuals
assisted with field sampling. G. Seidel provided statistical guidance.
We thank J. Anderson, S. Droege, T. Pauley, and J. Skousen for helpful
comments on this manuscript. This study was completed under West
Virginia University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees
protocol 02-0502. The use of trade names or products does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 55
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U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 37
IS 4
BP 815
EP 823
DI 10.1002/wsb.319
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V38IC
UT WOS:000209336100016
ER
PT J
AU Matchett, MR
Breck, SW
Callon, J
AF Matchett, Marc R.
Breck, Stewart W.
Callon, John
TI Efficacy of Electronet Fencing for Excluding Coyotes: A Case Study for
Enhancing Production of Black-Footed Ferrets
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE black-footed ferret; coyote; electric fence; endangered species;
Montana; Mustela nigripes; predation; reintroduction; translocation
AB Reducing coyote (Canis latrans) predation can be an important management objective. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of electronet fencing for excluding coyotes from focal areas on black tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies, measured the effect of fencing on wild-born black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) kit survival, and modeled costs and benefits of fencing. From 27 July to 2 October 2010 in north-central Montana, USA, we erected and maintained 7.7 km of electronet that enclosed 108 ha on portions of 2 prairie dog colonies. We monitored 2 female ferrets and 6 kits inside exclosures and 3 females and 12 kits outside of exclosures. Percent of coyote sightings in the protected areas was 6 times less than expected during the exclosure period (42% pre-exclosure, 7% exclosure, 47% post-exclosure). We conclude that the electronet fencing was effective for dramatically decreasing coyote activity in focal areas where black-footed ferret litters were being raised. We found evidence that survival of kits living primarily in protected areas was 22% higher, but we qualify this finding because of low sample sizes and because our monitoring activity on the study site may have influenced coyote activity. We estimated one-time costs for fencing to be US$4,464/km and operation and/or maintenance costs for the 68 days of fence operation to be US$641/km. If fencing increased survival by 20-30%, then total cost per ferret kit not lost to coyote predation would range between US$5,400 and $3,600, or US$ 2,550 and $1,700 if fence set-up-take-down labor and use of an all-terrain vehicle were donated. Published 2013.
C1 [Matchett, Marc R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lewistown, MT 59457 USA.
[Breck, Stewart W.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Callon, John] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Matchett, MR (reprint author), 333 Airport Rd, Lewistown, MT 59457 USA.
EM randy_matchett@fws.gov
FU NWRC; CMR
FX We thank the numerous Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge (CMR)
staff and Rocky Mountain College volunteer students that assisted with
construction and take-down of the electric fence in addition to the
numerous volunteers that assisted with spotlighting efforts to monitor
ferrets. P. Darrow, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Wildlife
Service-National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) deserves special
mention for his assistance in the field. We thank P. Doherty for advice
with the survival analysis. Field technician support was provided by
funding from NWRC and we are indebted to CMR for providing funding and
logistical support, without which this study could not have been
conducted.
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U1 3
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 37
IS 4
BP 893
EP 900
DI 10.1002/wsb.348
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V38IC
UT WOS:000209336100028
ER
PT J
AU Halpin, KE
Boscarino, BT
Rudstam, LG
Walsh, MG
Lantry, BF
AF Halpin, Kathleen E.
Boscarino, Brent T.
Rudstam, Lars G.
Walsh, Maureen G.
Lantry, Brian F.
TI Effect of light, prey density, and prey type on the feeding rates of
Hemimysis anomala
SO HYDROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Hemimysis; Feeding rates; Prey selection; Great Lakes
ID SOUTHEASTERN LAKE-ONTARIO; LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; MYSIS MIXTA
CRUSTACEA; PONTO-CASPIAN INVADER; SELECTIVE PREDATION; VERTICAL
MIGRATION; NEOMYSIS-MERCEDIS; PRAUNUS-FLEXUOSUS; BALTIC SEA; MYSIDACEA
AB Hemimysis anomala is a near-shore mysid native to the Ponto-Caspian region that was discovered to have invaded Great Lakes ecosystems in 2006. We investigated feeding rates and prey preferences of adult and juvenile Hemimysis in laboratory experiments to gain insight on the potential for Hemimysis to disrupt food webs. For both age groups (AGs), we measured feeding rates as a function of prey abundance (Bosmina longirostris as prey), prey type (B. longirostris, Daphnia pulex, and Mesocyclops sp.), and light levels (no light and dim light). Mean feeding rates on Bosmina increased with prey density and reached 23 ind. (2 h)(-1) for adults and 17 ind. (2 h)(-1) for juveniles. Dim light had little effect on prey selection or feeding rate compared to complete darkness. When feeding rates on alternate prey were compared, both AGs fed at higher rates on Bosmina than Daphnia, but only juveniles fed at significantly higher rates on Bosmina relative to Mesocyclops. No significant differences were observed between feeding rates on Mesocyclops and on Daphnia. Hemimysis feeding rates were on the order of 30-60% of their body weight per day, similar to predatory cladocerans that have been implicated in zooplankton declines in Lakes Huron and Ontario.
C1 [Halpin, Kathleen E.; Boscarino, Brent T.; Rudstam, Lars G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Cornell Biol Field Stn, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
[Walsh, Maureen G.; Lantry, Brian F.] US Geol Survey, Lake Ontario Biol Stn, Biol Resources Div, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
RP Rudstam, LG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Cornell Biol Field Stn, 900 Shackelton Point Rd, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
EM kh387@cornell.edu; btb32@cornell.edu; lgr1@cornell.edu; mwalsh@usgs.gov;
bflantry@usgs.gov
FU New York Sea Grant project [R/CE-28]; Great Lakes Fisheries Commission
FX This research was funded by New York Sea Grant project R/CE-28 with
additional support from the Great Lakes Fisheries Commission. We are
grateful to Brian Weidel for valuable comments on the manuscript and to
Jennifer Sun for help in the laboratory. The views expressed are those
of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or USGS.
The U. S. Government is authorized to produce and distribute reprints
for governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation that
may appear herein. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government. This article is Contribution 294 of the Cornell Biological
Field Station and Contribution No 1766 from the Great Lakes Science
Center.
NR 44
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U1 4
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0018-8158
EI 1573-5117
J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA
JI Hydrobiologia
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 720
IS 1
BP 101
EP 110
DI 10.1007/s10750-013-1628-0
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 242MO
UT WOS:000326246600007
ER
PT J
AU McLaughlin, RL
Smyth, ERB
Castro-Santos, T
Jones, ML
Koops, MA
Pratt, TC
Velez-Espino, LA
AF McLaughlin, Robert L.
Smyth, Eric R. B.
Castro-Santos, Theodore
Jones, Michael L.
Koops, Marten A.
Pratt, Thomas C.
Velez-Espino, Luis-Antonio
TI Unintended consequences and trade-offs of fish passage
SO FISH AND FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Dam removal; fishway; migration; risk; structured decision making;
uncertainty
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; ADULT SOCKEYE-SALMON; LAKES-INFLUENCED
SECTIONS; SEA LAMPREY CONTROL; FRESH-WATER FISHES; 3 MICHIGAN RIVERS;
DAM REMOVAL; COLUMBIA RIVER; CUTTHROAT TROUT; GREAT-LAKES
AB We synthesized evidence for unintended consequences and trade-offs associated with the passage of fishes. Provisioning of fish passageways at dams and dam removals are being carried out increasingly as resource managers seek ways to reduce fragmentation of migratory fish populations and restore biodiversity and nature-like ecosystem services in tributaries altered by dams. The benefits of provisioning upstream passage are highlighted widely. Possible unwanted consequences and trade-offs of upstream passage are coming to light, but remain poorly examined and underappreciated. Unintended consequences arise when passage of native and desirable introduced fishes is delayed, undone (fallback), results in patterns of movement and habitat use that reduce Darwinian fitness (e.g. ecological traps), or is highly selective taxonomically and numerically. Trade-offs arise when passage decisions intended to benefit native species interfere with management decisions intended to control the unwanted spread of non-native fishes and aquatic invertebrates, or genes, diseases and contaminants carried by hatchery and wild fishes. These consequences and trade-offs will vary in importance from system to system and can result in large economic and environmental costs. For some river systems, decisions about how to manage fish passage involve substantial risks and could benefit from use of a formal, structured process that allows transparent, objective and, where possible, quantitative evaluation of these risks. Such a process can also facilitate the design of an adaptive framework that provides valuable insights into future decisions.
C1 [McLaughlin, Robert L.; Smyth, Eric R. B.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Castro-Santos, Theodore] USGS BRD Leetown Sci Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Lab, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
[Jones, Michael L.] Michigan State Univ, Quantitat Fisheries Ctr, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Koops, Marten A.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Great Lakes Lab Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
[Pratt, Thomas C.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Great Lakes Lab Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada.
[Velez-Espino, Luis-Antonio] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada.
RP McLaughlin, RL (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
EM rlmclaug@uoguelph.ca
RI Koops, Marten/A-4534-2010;
OI Koops, Marten/0000-0002-3676-7946; Castro-Santos,
Theodore/0000-0003-2575-9120
FU Leverhulme Trust; Great Lakes Fishery Commission's Sea Lamprey Research
Programme; Fisheries and Oceans Canada's SARCEP Programme; Ontario
Graduate Scholarship Programme
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers and J. Dunham for comments on an
earlier draft of the manuscript and P. Kemp for the invitation and
travel support to attend the workshop 'Bridging the Gap Between Fish
Behaviour and Hydraulics' funded by a grant from the Leverhulme Trust.
Additional funding for this research was provided by grants from the
Great Lakes Fishery Commission's Sea Lamprey Research Programme,
Fisheries and Oceans Canada's SARCEP Programme and the Ontario Graduate
Scholarship Programme.
NR 194
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Z9 28
U1 17
U2 159
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1467-2960
EI 1467-2979
J9 FISH FISH
JI Fish. Fish.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 4
BP 580
EP 604
DI 10.1111/faf.12003
PG 25
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 239LV
UT WOS:000326027100008
ER
PT J
AU Brown, ST
Kennedy, BM
DePaolo, DJ
Hurwitz, S
Evans, WC
AF Brown, Shaun T.
Kennedy, B. Mack
DePaolo, Donald J.
Hurwitz, Shaul
Evans, William C.
TI Ca, Sr, O and D isotope approach to defining the chemical evolution of
hydrothermal fluids: Example from Long Valley, CA, USA
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID CALCITE RECRYSTALLIZATION RATES; BISHOP-TUFF; CARBONATE SEDIMENT;
GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM; ROCK SYSTEMS; PORE FLUID; CALIFORNIA; CALDERA;
FRACTIONATION; MOUNTAIN
AB We present chemical and isotopic data for fluids, minerals and rocks from the Long Valley meteoric-hydrothermal system. The samples encompass the presumed hydrothermal upwelling zone in the west moat of the caldera, the Casa Diablo geothermal field, and a series of wells defining a nearly linear, similar to 16 km long, west-to-east trend along the likely fluid flow path. Fluid samples were analyzed for the isotopes of water, Sr, and Ca, the concentrations of major cations and anions, alkalinity, and total CO2. Water isotope data conform to trends documented in earlier studies, interpreted as indicating a single hydrothermal fluid mixing with local groundwater. Sr isotopes show subtle changes along the flow path, which requires rapid fluid flow and minimal reaction between the channelized fluids and the wallrocks. Sr and O isotopes are used to calculate fracture spacing using a dual porosity model. Calculated fracture spacing and temperature data for hydrothermal fluids indicate the system is (approximately) at steady-state. Correlated variations among total CO2, and the concentration and isotopic composition of Ca suggest progressive fluid degassing (loss of CO2), which drives calcite precipitation as the fluid flows west-to-east and cools. The shifts in Ca isotopes require that calcite precipitated at temperatures of 150-180 degrees C is fractionated by ca. -0.3 parts per thousand to -0.5 parts per thousand relative to aqueous species. Our data are the first evidence that Ca isotopes undergo kinetic fractionation at high temperatures (> 100 degrees C) and can be used to trace calcite precipitation along hydrothermal fluid flow paths. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Brown, Shaun T.; Kennedy, B. Mack; DePaolo, Donald J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Brown, Shaun T.; DePaolo, Donald J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hurwitz, Shaul; Evans, William C.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Brown, ST (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM stbrown@lbl.gov
RI Brown, Shaun/E-9398-2015
OI Brown, Shaun/0000-0002-2159-6718
FU Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Geothermal
Technologies, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
Berkeley/LBNL from Markus Bill, Wenbo Yang and Tom Owens
FX Support for S.T.B., B.M.K and D.J.D was provided by the Director, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of
Energy and the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy, Office of Geothermal Technologies, of the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The U.S. Geological Survey
Volcano Hazards and Geothermal Resources programs supported Shaul
Hurwitz and Bill Evans. John Ferry and Larry Nickerson generously
provided samples. Joe Moore provided access to the RDO-8 drill core
through the EGI core repository at the University of Utah. Analytical
support at Berkeley/LBNL from Markus Bill, Wenbo Yang and Tom Owens is
gratefully acknowledged. Thorough reviews by Ed Tipper and two anonymous
reviewers improved the manuscript. An informal review and discussions
with Jim Watkins sharpened our thinking about mineral growth and
associated geochemical characteristics of fluids and minerals.
NR 86
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Z9 7
U1 3
U2 42
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
EI 1872-9533
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD DEC 1
PY 2013
VL 122
BP 209
EP 225
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2013.08.011
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 242UY
UT WOS:000326269800013
ER
PT J
AU Webb, JA
Miller, KA
King, EL
de Little, SC
Stewardson, MJ
Zimmerman, JKH
Poff, NL
AF Webb, J. Angus
Miller, Kimberly A.
King, Elise L.
de Little, Siobhan C.
Stewardson, Michael J.
Zimmerman, Julie K. H.
Poff, N. Leroy
TI Squeezing the most out of existing literature: a systematic re-analysis
of published evidence on ecological responses to altered flows
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Eco Evidence; ecological response; flow alteration; literature analysis;
systematic review
ID ENVIRONMENTAL-MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; SCIENCE;
OPPORTUNITIES; ASSOCIATION; CHALLENGES; REGIMES
AB Human-induced changes in river flow regimes are ubiquitous worldwide. Although numerous case studies have identified negative ecological impacts of changes in different aspects of flow regimes (e.g. magnitude, timing), there have been few attempts to systematically review this literature to derive general relationships regarding ecological responses to changes in flow regimes. Systematic literature reviews can inform science and management in ecologically complex systems not amenable to experimentation. However, such analysis of existing literature is often limited by inconsistent study design and data reporting. To attempt to overcome these difficulties, we used the recently developed Eco Evidence method and software to analyse 165 studies of ecological responses to changes in river flow regimes. Eco Evidence provides a rule set and standardised list of terms to assist reviewers to interpret consistently the results of disparate studies. The companion software assists with the synthesis of this information to reach transparent and repeatable conclusions regarding cause-effect hypotheses of ecological responses to environmental drivers. We compared our results to those of a recent, informal systematic review of the same studies, which is proving extremely influential. Stronger conclusions are reached when evidence is weighted, classified and combined according to the rules in Eco Evidence. Compared to the original review, we reached informative conclusions for a larger number of flow-response hypotheses, found that hypotheses for which the most evidence was available returned inconsistent results, addressed hypotheses at levels of conceptual resolution relevant to management and identified where insufficient evidence exists to reach a conclusion. Analyses conducted at several levels of conceptual resolution found strong support for many hypotheses regarding ecological impacts. We found a consistent sensitivity to changes in flow regime for both fish and riparian vegetation across a variety of performance metrics. While macroinvertebrate responses varied among performance metrics (e.g. abundance was negatively affected by increases or decreases in flows, diversity was only negatively affected by flow decreases, and assemblage structure was affected by neither), they were largely consistent within these metrics. We thus conclude that the Eco Evidence approach allowed us to extract more knowledge from the data set than was possible in the original review. Eco Evidence can improve synthesis of the burgeoning ecological literature and improve our general understanding in ecology. Amid widespread calls for evidence-based' environmental management, this powerful tool provides managers with a means of using research to help inform complex environmental decision-making.
C1 [Webb, J. Angus; King, Elise L.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Resource Management & Geog, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Miller, Kimberly A.; de Little, Siobhan C.; Stewardson, Michael J.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Infrastruct Engn, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Zimmerman, Julie K. H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bay Delta Fish & Wildlife Off, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Poff, N. Leroy] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Webb, JA (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Bldg 379,221 Bouverie St Carlton, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
EM angus.webb@unimelb.edu.au
RI de Little, Siobhan/B-7379-2014; Stewardson, Michael/C-8678-2015;
OI de Little, Siobhan/0000-0003-3742-6331; Stewardson,
Michael/0000-0003-1356-0472; Webb, James/0000-0003-0857-7878
FU Australian Research Council [LP100200170]
FX This review was funded by Australian Research Council Linkage Project
LP100200170. We thank David Dudgeon and Mike Dunbar for their reviews of
the manuscript.
NR 33
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U1 5
U2 101
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 12
BP 2439
EP 2451
DI 10.1111/fwb.12234
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 239KH
UT WOS:000326021800001
ER
PT J
AU Castanha, C
Torn, MS
Germino, MJ
Weibel, B
Kueppers, LM
AF Castanha, C.
Torn, M. S.
Germino, M. J.
Weibel, B.
Kueppers, L. M.
TI Conifer seedling recruitment across a gradient from forest to alpine
tundra: effects of species, provenance, and site
SO PLANT ECOLOGY & DIVERSITY
LA English
DT Article
DE common garden; climate gradient; local adaptation; Picea engelmannii;
Pinus flexilis; seedling emergence; seedling recruitment; species range
boundaries; subalpine forest; treeline
ID LOW-TEMPERATURE PHOTOINHIBITION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DOUGLAS-FIR;
ABIES-LASIOCARPA; COMMON GARDEN; FRONT RANGE; POPULATIONS; TIMBERLINE;
RESPONSES; TREELINE
AB Background: Seedling germination and survival is a critical control on forest ecosystem boundaries, such as at the alpine-treeline ecotone. In addition, while it is known that species respond individualistically to the same suite of environmental drivers, the potential additional effect of local adaptation on seedling success has not been evaluated.
Aims: To determine whether local adaptation may influence the position and movement of forest ecosystem boundaries, we quantified conifer seedling recruitment in common gardens across a subalpine forest to alpine tundra gradient at Niwot Ridge, Colorado, USA.
Methods: We studied Pinus flexilis and Picea engelmannii grown from seed collected locally at High (3400m a.s.l.) and Low (3060m a.s.l.) elevations. We monitored emergence and survival of seeds sown directly into plots and survival of seedlings germinated indoors and transplanted after snowmelt.
Results: Emergence and survival through the first growing season was greater for P. flexilis than P. engelmannii and for Low compared with High provenances. Yet survival through the second growing season was similar for both species and provenances. Seedling emergence and survival tended to be greatest in the subalpine forest and lowest in the alpine tundra. Survival was greater for transplants than for field-germinated seedlings.
Conclusions: These results suggest that survival through the first few weeks is critical to the establishment of natural germinants. In addition, even small distances between seed sources can have a significant effect on early demographic performance - a factor that has rarely been considered in previous studies of tree recruitment and species range shifts.
C1 [Castanha, C.; Torn, M. S.; Kueppers, L. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Torn, M. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Germino, M. J.] US Geol Survey, Boise, ID USA.
[Weibel, B.] Fed Off Meteorol & Climatol, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Kueppers, L. M.] Univ Calif, Merced, CA USA.
RP Castanha, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ccastanha@lbl.gov
RI Kueppers, Lara/M-8323-2013; Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015; Castanha,
Cristina/D-3247-2015
OI Kueppers, Lara/0000-0002-8134-3579; Castanha,
Cristina/0000-0001-7327-5169
FU Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER64457]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), US
Department of Energy, Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER64457. We thank the Mountain
Research Station and Niwot Ridge LTER at the University of Colorado,
Boulder for logistical support. Many thanks to S. Ferrenberg for
logistical support and to M. Redmond, A. Faist, S. Taylor Smith, S. Love
Stowell, A. Allen, M. Anantharaman, W. Baird, S. Barlerin, R. Butz, P.
Cuartero, K. Darrow, H. Dole, A. Farnham, H. Finkel, D. Haller, M.
Harte, T. Lemieux (CU Boulder Greenhouse), M. McLaughlin (USFS CDA
Nursery), A. Peterson, K. Riddel, L. Senkyr, J. Wilkening and X. Zhai,
for their valuable assistance constructing exclosures, monitoring cone
maturity, collecting, processing and sowing seed, transplanting and
surveying seedlings, and entering survey data. F. Zust made the map in
Figure 1. J. Harte was instrumental in the initial proposal,
experimental design and moral support as well as helping with field
work. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 62
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 7
U2 85
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1755-0874
EI 1755-1668
J9 PLANT ECOL DIVERS
JI Plant Ecol. Divers.
PD DEC 1
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 307
EP 318
DI 10.1080/17550874.2012.716087
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 224QZ
UT WOS:000324904500002
ER
PT J
AU Blondes, MS
Schuenemeyer, JH
Olea, RA
Drew, LJ
AF Blondes, Madalyn S.
Schuenemeyer, John H.
Olea, Ricardo A.
Drew, Lawrence J.
TI Aggregation of carbon dioxide sequestration storage assessment units
SO STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Probabilistic aggregation; Carbon dioxide storage; Natural resource
assessment; Monte Carlo method; Cholesky decomposition; Improper
correlation matrix
ID RESOURCES; OIL
AB The U.S. Geological Survey is currently conducting a national assessment of carbon dioxide (CO2) storage resources, mandated by the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. Pre-emission capture and storage of CO2 in subsurface saline formations is one potential method to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the negative impact of global climate change. Like many large-scale resource assessments, the area under investigation is split into smaller, more manageable storage assessment units (SAUs), which must be aggregated with correctly propagated uncertainty to the basin, regional, and national scales. The aggregation methodology requires two types of data: marginal probability distributions of storage resource for each SAU, and a correlation matrix obtained by expert elicitation describing interdependencies between pairs of SAUs. Dependencies arise because geologic analogs, assessment methods, and assessors often overlap. The correlation matrix is used to induce rank correlation, using a Cholesky decomposition, among the empirical marginal distributions representing individually assessed SAUs. This manuscript presents a probabilistic aggregation method tailored to the correlations and dependencies inherent to a CO2 storage assessment. Aggregation results must be presented at the basin, regional, and national scales. A single stage approach, in which one large correlation matrix is defined and subsets are used for different scales, is compared to a multiple stage approach, in which new correlation matrices are created to aggregate intermediate results. Although the single-stage approach requires determination of significantly more correlation coefficients, it captures geologic dependencies among similar units in different basins and it is less sensitive to fluctuations in low correlation coefficients than the multiple stage approach. Thus, subsets of one single-stage correlation matrix are used to aggregate to basin, regional, and national scales.
C1 [Blondes, Madalyn S.; Olea, Ricardo A.; Drew, Lawrence J.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Schuenemeyer, John H.] Southwest Stat Consulting LLC, Cortez, CO 81321 USA.
RP Blondes, MS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 956, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM mblondes@usgs.gov
FU USGS as part of the USGS Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources
Assessment
FX The USGS supported this work as part of the USGS Geologic Carbon Dioxide
Storage Resources Assessment. We thank three anonymous reviewers and
Emil Attanasi and Gordon Kaufman internal USGS reviews.
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 50
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1436-3240
J9 STOCH ENV RES RISK A
JI Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 8
BP 1839
EP 1859
DI 10.1007/s00477-013-0718-x
PG 21
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences;
Statistics & Probability; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics; Water
Resources
GA 230WI
UT WOS:000325373600005
ER
PT J
AU Giri, C
Pengra, B
Long, J
Loveland, TR
AF Giri, C.
Pengra, B.
Long, J.
Loveland, T. R.
TI Next generation of global land cover characterization, mapping, and
monitoring
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Global land cover; Landsat; Image processing; Validation
ID VALIDATION DATA SET; MODIS DATA; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; FOREST COVER;
TIME-SERIES; AVHRR DATA; EARTH; CLASSIFICATIONS; DATABASE; DATASETS
AB Land cover change is increasingly affecting the biophysics, biogeochemistry, and biogeography of the Earth's surface and the atmosphere, with far-reaching consequences to human well-being. However, our scientific understanding of the distribution and dynamics of land cover and land cover change (LCLCC) is limited. Previous global land cover assessments performed using coarse spatial resolution (300 m-1 km) satellite data did not provide enough thematic detail or change information for global change studies and for resource management. High resolution (similar to 30 m) land cover characterization and monitoring is needed that permits detection of land change at the scale of most human activity and offers the increased flexibility of environmental model parameterization needed for global change studies. However, there are a number of challenges to overcome before producing such data sets including unavailability of consistent global coverage of satellite data, sheer volume of data, unavailability of timely and accurate training and validation data, difficulties in preparing image mosaics, and high performance computing requirements. Integration of remote sensing and information technology is needed for process automation and high-performance computing needs. Recent developments in these areas have created an opportunity for operational high resolution land cover mapping, and monitoring of the world. Here, we report and discuss these advancements and opportunities in producing the next generations of global land cover characterization, mapping, and monitoring at 30-m spatial resolution primarily in the context of United States, Group on Earth Observations Global 30 m land cover initiative (UGLC). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Giri, C.; Loveland, T. R.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Pengra, B.] US Geol Survey, SGT, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Long, J.] US Geol Survey, ARTS, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Giri, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM cgiri@usgs.gov
NR 49
TC 47
Z9 56
U1 5
U2 271
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0303-2434
J9 INT J APPL EARTH OBS
JI Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf.
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 25
BP 30
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.jag.2013.03.005
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA 187EM
UT WOS:000322099700004
ER
PT J
AU Coplen, TB
Qi, HP
AF Coplen, Tyler B.
Qi, Haiping
TI Recognizing the potential pitfalls of hydrogen isotopic analysis of
keratins with steam equilibration to infer origins of wildlife, food,
and people
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Coplen, Tyler B.; Qi, Haiping] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Coplen, TB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM tbcoplen@usgs.gov
NR 5
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD NOV 30
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 22
BP 2569
EP 2569
DI 10.1002/rcm.6715
PG 1
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 233BY
UT WOS:000325541100007
ER
PT J
AU Massoudieh, A
Gellis, A
Banks, WS
Wieczorek, ME
AF Massoudieh, Arash
Gellis, Allen
Banks, William S.
Wieczorek, Michael E.
TI Suspended sediment source apportionment in Chesapeake Bay watershed
using Bayesian chemical mass balance receptor modeling
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment; source apportionment; Bayesian inference; chemical mass
balance
ID RIVER; CATCHMENTS
AB A Bayesian chemical mass balance approach was used to estimate the contributions of potential sources into the suspended sediments in the Mill Stream, a tributary of Chesapeake Bay in Maryland, US. The Bayesian approach allows us to incorporate the uncertainties as a result of measurement errors in the elemental profiles of sources and suspended sediments in the stream and also the heterogeneities of the elemental profiles among samples into the analysis and provides us with probability densities representing the contribution of each source. Based on the obtained results, river bank erosion is the major source of sediments with a contribution estimated to range from 83% to 99% with a 95% credible interval. Also, a 95% credible interval in a range of 0.06% to 8% for cropland and 0.1% to 14% for forestland was provided. Hence, while the contribution of sediments from cropland or forestland cannot be ruled out, the model does not definitively demonstrate a significant contribution from either source. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Massoudieh, Arash] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
[Gellis, Allen; Banks, William S.; Wieczorek, Michael E.] USGS MD DE DC Water Sci Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Massoudieh, A (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
EM massoudieh@cua.edu
RI Massoudieh, Arash/F-1856-2011
OI Massoudieh, Arash/0000-0003-0200-2141
NR 32
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 26
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD NOV 29
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 24
BP 3363
EP 3374
DI 10.1002/hyp.9429
PG 12
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 238YW
UT WOS:000325989300001
ER
PT J
AU Zimmer, MA
Bailey, SW
McGuire, KJ
Bullen, TD
AF Zimmer, Margaret A.
Bailey, Scott W.
McGuire, Kevin J.
Bullen, Thomas D.
TI Fine scale variations of surface water chemistry in an ephemeral to
perennial drainage network
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE headwater catchments; surface water chemistry; representative elementary
area
ID BROOK-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; RIPARIAN ZONES;
NEW-HAMPSHIRE; HYDROLOGIC CONNECTIVITY; STREAMWATER CHEMISTRY; LANDSCAPE
ECOLOGY; HEADWATER STREAM; HOT MOMENTS; CATCHMENT
AB Although temporal variation in headwater stream chemistry has long been used to document baseline conditions and response to environmental drivers, less attention is paid to fine scale spatial variations that could yield clues to processes controlling stream water sources. We documented spatial and temporal variation in water composition in a headwater catchment (41ha) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH, USA. We sampled every 50m along an ephemeral to perennial stream network as well as groundwater from seeps and 35 shallow wells across varying flow conditions. Groundwater influences on surface water in this region have not been considered to be important in past studies as relatively coarse soils were assumed to be well drained in steep catchments with flashy runoff response. However, seeps displayed perennial discharge, upslope accumulated areas (UAA) smaller than those for channel initiation sites and higher pH, Ca and Si concentrations than streams, suggesting relatively long groundwater residence time or long subsurface flow paths not bound by topographic divides. Coupled with a large range in groundwater chemistry seen in wells, these results suggest stream chemistry variation reflects the range of connectivity with, and quality of, groundwater controlled by hillslope hydropedological processes. The magnitude of variations of solute concentrations seen in the first order catchment was as broad as that seen at the fifth order Hubbard Brook Valley (3519ha). Reduction in variation in solute concentrations with increasing UAA suggested a representative elementary area (REA) value of less than 3ha in the first order catchment, compared with 100ha for the fifth order basin. Thus, the REA is not necessarily an elementary catchment property. Rather, the partitioning of variation between highly variable upstream sources and relatively homogenous downstream characteristics may have different physical significance depending on the scale and complexity of the catchment under examination. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Zimmer, Margaret A.] Oberlin Coll, Oberlin, OH 44074 USA.
[Zimmer, Margaret A.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY USA.
[Bailey, Scott W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, North Woodstock, NH 03262 USA.
[McGuire, Kevin J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Virginia Water Resources Res Ctr, Blacksburg, VA USA.
[Bullen, Thomas D.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Bailey, SW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Hubbard Brook Expt Forest, 234 Mirror Lake Rd, North Woodstock, NH 03262 USA.
EM swbailey@fs.fed.us
RI McGuire, Kevin/E-7770-2010;
OI McGuire, Kevin/0000-0001-5751-3956; Bailey, Scott/0000-0002-9160-156X
FU NSF [DBI/EAR 0754678, EAR 1014507]; US Forest Service, Northern Research
Station
FX This paper is a contribution to the programme of the Hubbard Brook
Ecosystem Study. The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest is owned and
operated by the US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown
Square, PA. Financial support for this research was provided by the NSF
grants DBI/EAR 0754678 and EAR 1014507 and the US Forest Service,
Northern Research Station. The LiDAR data were collected as part of the
National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) seed award programme.
We would like to thank Patricia Brousseau, Adam Finkelman, Katie Harvey,
and Stephen Sebestyen for work in the field and GIS lab and Jane Hislop
and Jeff Merriam for providing water analyses. We would also like to
thank Stephen Sebestyen, Douglas Burns, and anonymous reviewers for
providing helpful comments on previous versions of the manuscript.
NR 49
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD NOV 29
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 24
BP 3438
EP 3451
DI 10.1002/hyp.9449
PG 14
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 238YW
UT WOS:000325989300007
ER
PT J
AU Yelenik, SG
D'Antonio, CM
AF Yelenik, Stephanie G.
D'Antonio, Carla M.
TI Self-reinforcing impacts of plant invasions change over time
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID DRY HAWAIIAN WOODLANDS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; RESTORATION ECOLOGY;
NITROGEN DYNAMICS; EXOTIC GRASSES; SOIL FEEDBACKS; C-4 GRASSES; FIRE;
STATES; SUCCESSION
AB Returning native species to habitats degraded by biological invasions is a critical conservation goal(1). A leading hypothesis poses that exotic plant dominance is self-reinforced by impacts on ecosystem processes, leading to persistent stable states(2-6). Invaders have been documented to modify fire regimes, alter soil nutrients or shift microbial communities in ways that feed back to benefit themselves over competitors(2,5-7). However, few studies have followed invasions through time to ask whether ecosystem impacts and feedbacks persist(8,9). Here we return to woodland sites in Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park that were invaded by exotic C-4 grasses in the 1960s, the ecosystem impacts of which were studied intensively in the 1990s(10-12). We show that positive feedbacks between exotic grasses and soil nitrogen cycling have broken down, but rather than facilitating native vegetation, the weakening feedbacks facilitate new exotic species. Data from the 1990s showed that exotic grasses increased nitrogen-mineralization rates by two-to fourfold, but were nitrogen-limited(10,12,13). Thus, the impacts of the invader created a positive feedback early in the invasion. We now show that annual net soil nitrogen mineralization has since dropped to pre-invasion levels. In addition, a seedling outplanting experiment that varied soil nitrogen and grass competition demonstrates that the changing impacts of grasses do not favour native species re-establishment. Instead, decreased nitrogen availability most benefits another aggressive invader, the nitrogen-fixing tree Morella faya. Long-term studies of invasions may reveal that ecosystem impacts and feedbacks shift over time, but that this may not benefit native species recovery.
C1 [Yelenik, Stephanie G.; D'Antonio, Carla M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Yelenik, SG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
EM syelenik@usgs.gov
OI Yelenik, Stephanie/0000-0002-9011-0769
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 1029168]
FX We thank M. Mack for previous data. We thank S. McDaniel and S. Doyle
for native seed and the National Park Service for field site access and
laboratory and greenhouse facilities. N. DiManno, V. Vincent, T. Kalei,
T. D'Antonio-Dudley, K. Roehr, W. Buckley, M. Wasser and C. French
helped with field work and N. DiManno, V. Vincent and S. Ma helped with
laboratory work. We are appreciative of early manuscript comments from
E. Mordecai and statistical advice from K. Brinck. This research was
funded by National Science Foundation grant DEB 1029168.
NR 30
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 16
U2 193
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD NOV 28
PY 2013
VL 503
IS 7477
BP 517
EP +
DI 10.1038/nature12798
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 258MU
UT WOS:000327464200041
PM 24256723
ER
PT J
AU Mankinen, EA
Gromme, CS
Irwin, WP
AF Mankinen, Edward A.
Gromme, C. Sherman
Irwin, W. Porter
TI Paleomagnetic contributions to the Klamath Mountains terrane puzzle-A
new piece from the Ironside Mountain batholith, northern California
SO TECTONOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Paleomagnetism; Tectonics; Mesozoic; North America
ID APPARENT POLAR WANDER; CONTINENTAL RECONSTRUCTIONS; UNITED-STATES;
EASTERN; ARC; EVOLUTION; AMERICAN; ATLANTIC; CONTROVERSY; ORDOVICIAN
AB We obtained paleomagnetic samples from six sites within the Middle Jurassic Ironside Mountain batholith (similar to 170 Ma), which constitutes the structurally lowest part of the Western Hayfork terrane, in the Klamath Mountains province of northern California and southern Oregon. Structural attitudes measured in the coeval Hayfork Bally Meta-andesite were used to correct paleomagnetic data from the batholith. Comparing the corrected paleomagnetic pole with a 170-Ma reference pole for North America indicates 73.5 degrees +/- 10.6 degrees of clockwise rotation relative to the craton. Nearly one-half of this rotation may have occurred before the terrane accreted to the composite Klamath province at similar to 168 Ma. No latitudinal displacement of the batholith was detected. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Mankinen, Edward A.; Gromme, C. Sherman; Irwin, W. Porter] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Mankinen, EA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM emank@usgs.gov
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0040-1951
EI 1879-3266
J9 TECTONOPHYSICS
JI Tectonophysics
PD NOV 26
PY 2013
VL 608
BP 401
EP 407
DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2013.09.007
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 290NU
UT WOS:000329766400028
ER
PT J
AU Frankel, A
AF Frankel, Arthur
TI Corrigendum to comment on "Why Earthquake Hazard Maps Often Fail and
What to do About It" by S. Stein, R. Geller, and M. Liu [TECTO 592(2013)
200-206]
SO TECTONOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Frankel, A (reprint author), Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Box 351310, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM afrankel@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0040-1951
EI 1879-3266
J9 TECTONOPHYSICS
JI Tectonophysics
PD NOV 26
PY 2013
VL 608
BP 1453
EP 1454
DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2013.08.010
PG 2
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 290NU
UT WOS:000329766400107
ER
PT J
AU Hopkins, JB
Cutting, KA
Warren, JM
AF Hopkins, John B., III
Cutting, Kyle A.
Warren, Jeffrey M.
TI Use of Stable Isotopes to Investigate Keratin Deposition in the Claw
Tips of Ducks
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID SCAUP AYTHYA AFFINIS; MIGRATORY SONGBIRD; NORTH-AMERICA; LESSER SCAUP;
MIGRANT SONGBIRDS; WINTERING GROUNDS; DELTA-D; FEATHERS; HYDROGEN; BLOOD
AB Stable isotopes derived from the claws of birds could be used to determine the migratory origins of birds if the time periods represented in excised sections of claws were known. We investigated new keratin growth in the claws of adult female Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) by estimating the equilibration rates of stable isotopes (delta C-13, delta N-15, and delta H-2) from the breeding grounds into 1 mm claw tips. We sampled birds on their breeding ground through time and found that it took approximately 3-3.5 months for isotope values in most claw tips to equilibrate to isotope values that reflected those present in the environment on their breeding grounds. Results from this study suggest that isotopes equilibrate slowly into claw tips of Lesser Scaup, suggesting isotopes could potentially be used to determine the wintering grounds of birds. We suggest using controlled feeding experiments or longitudinal field investigations to understand claw growth and isotopic equilibration in claw tips. Such information would be valuable in ascertaining whether claw tips can be used in future studies to identify the migratory origins of birds.
C1 [Hopkins, John B., III] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Cutting, Kyle A.; Warren, Jeffrey M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Red Rock Lakes Natl Wildlife Refuge, Lima, MT USA.
RP Hopkins, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM jbhopkins3@gmail.com
FU Delta Waterfowl, Inc.; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX The authors are grateful to Delta Waterfowl, Inc., the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service for funding this project. The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 18
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 25
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 11
AR e81026
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0081026
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 259RH
UT WOS:000327543500065
PM 24282563
ER
PT J
AU Tague, CL
McDowell, NG
Allen, CD
AF Tague, Christina L.
McDowell, Nathan G.
Allen, Craig D.
TI An Integrated Model of Environmental Effects on Growth, Carbohydrate
Balance, and Mortality of Pinus ponderosa Forests in the Southern Rocky
Mountains
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCED TREE MORTALITY; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DIE-OFF;
UNITED-STATES; VEGETATION MORTALITY; TROPICAL FOREST; CARBON;
MECHANISMS; WATER
AB Climate-induced tree mortality is an increasing concern for forest managers around the world. We used a coupled hydrologic and ecosystem carbon cycling model to assess temperature and precipitation impacts on productivity and survival of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa). Model predictions were evaluated using observations of productivity and survival for three ponderosa pine stands located across an 800 m elevation gradient in the southern Rocky Mountains, USA, during a 10-year period that ended in a severe drought and extensive tree mortality at the lowest elevation site. We demonstrate the utility of a relatively simple representation of declines in non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) as an approach for estimating patterns of ponderosa pine vulnerability to drought and the likelihood of survival along an elevation gradient. We assess the sensitivity of simulated net primary production, NSC storage dynamics, and mortality to site climate and soil characteristics as well as uncertainty in the allocation of carbon to the NSC pool. For a fairly wide set of assumptions, the model estimates captured elevational gradients and temporal patterns in growth and biomass. Model results that best predict mortality risk also yield productivity, leaf area, and biomass estimates that are qualitatively consistent with observations across the sites. Using this constrained set of parameters, we found that productivity and likelihood of survival were equally dependent on elevation-driven variation in temperature and precipitation. Our results demonstrate the potential for a coupled hydrology-ecosystem carbon cycling model that includes a simple model of NSC dynamics to predict drought-related mortality. Given that increases in temperature and in the frequency and severity of drought are predicted for a broad range of ponderosa pine and other western North America conifer forest habitats, the model potentially has broad utility for assessing ecosystem vulnerabilities.
C1 [Tague, Christina L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[McDowell, Nathan G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Allen, Craig D.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Jemez Mt Field Stn, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Tague, CL (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM ctague@bren.ucsb.edu
FU United States Geological Survey
FX This study was funded by Ecosystems and the Climate and Land Use
programs of the United States Geological Survey
(http://www.usgs.gov/contracts/index.html). The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 71
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 59
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 25
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 11
AR e80286
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0080286
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 259RH
UT WOS:000327543500033
PM 24282532
ER
PT J
AU Silbernagel, C
Clifford, DL
Bettaso, J
Worth, S
Foley, J
AF Silbernagel, C.
Clifford, D. L.
Bettaso, J.
Worth, S.
Foley, J.
TI Prevalence of selected pathogens in western pond turtles and sympatric
introduced red-eared sliders in California, USA
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Chelonian; Turtle; Pathogen; Introduced species; Herpesvirus; Ranavirus;
Mycoplasma; Salmonella
ID TERRAPENE-CAROLINA-CAROLINA; RESPIRATORY-TRACT DISEASE;
TRACHEMYS-SCRIPTA-ELEGANS; BOX TURTLES; EMYDID TURTLES;
MYCOPLASMA-AGASSIZII; CLEMMYS-MARMORATA; DESERT TORTOISE; SALMONELLA;
PCR
AB Pathogen introduction by invasive species has been speculated to be a cause of declining western pond turtle Emys marmorata populations in California, USA. This study determined the prevalence of Ranavirus spp., Herpesvirus spp., Mycoplasma spp. ( via polymerase chain reaction of blood and nasal flush contents), and Salmonella spp. infection ( via fecal culture) in native E. marmorata and invasive red-eared sliders Trachemys scripta elegans and compared infection prevalence in E. marmorata populations sympatric with T. scripta elegans to E. marmorata populations that were not sympatric by sampling 145 E. marmorata and 33 T. scripta elegans at 10 study sites throughout California. Mycoplasma spp. were detected in both species: prevalence in E. marmorata was 7.8% in the northern, 9.8% in the central, and 23.3% in the southern California regions. In T. scripta elegans, Mycoplasma spp. were not detected in the northern California region but were detected at 4.5 and 14.3% in the central and southern regions, respectively. All turtles tested negative for Herpesvirus spp. and Ranavirus spp. Enteric bacteria but not Salmonella spp. were isolated from feces. E. marmorata populations that were sympatric with T. scripta elegans did not have increased risk of Mycoplasma spp. infection. For E. marmorata, there was a significant association between Mycoplasma spp. infection and lower body weight and being located in the southern California region. This study is the first of its kind to document pathogen prevalence in native E. marmorata habitats and those sympatric with T. scripta elegans in California.
C1 [Silbernagel, C.; Worth, S.; Foley, J.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Clifford, D. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis Sch Vet Med, Hlth Inst 1, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Clifford, D. L.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Wildlife Invest Lab, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA.
[Bettaso, J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
RP Silbernagel, C (reprint author), Hubbs SeaWorld Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92109 USA.
EM csilbernagel@hswri.org
FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife; UC Davis Wildlife Health
Center Fellowship
FX We thank S. Schuster, B. Nerhus, N. Stephenson, N. Dotson, the Foley
family, the UC Davis herpetology students, and S. DiRocco for their
assistance with trapping efforts and data collection, and D. Rejmanek,
K. Azarvand, J. Truong, and J. Dinstell for their assistance with
laboratory work. Additionally, we thank the biologists at USGS San
Diego; the Schaffer lab at UC Davis; B. Bolster, California Department
of Fish and Wildlife; L. Patterson; the Fish & Wildlife biologists at
Stone Lakes National Wildlife Refuge; staff at Sequoia Park in Eureka,
the Cache Creek Conservancy, and UC Davis and UC Irvine arboretums;
rangers at Guajome Regional Park and Aliso and Wood Canyons Wilderness
Park; and R. Sosa of the Camp Pendleton Marine Corps Base for helping to
facilitate this project. Funding was provided by the California
Department of Fish and Wildlife and a UC Davis Wildlife Health Center
Fellowship awarded to C.S.
NR 62
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 56
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD NOV 25
PY 2013
VL 107
IS 1
BP 37
EP 47
DI 10.3354/dao02663
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 259UK
UT WOS:000327551600005
PM 24270022
ER
PT J
AU Buchinger, TJ
Wang, H
Li, W
Johnson, NS
AF Buchinger, T. J.
Wang, H.
Li, W.
Johnson, N. S.
TI Evidence for a receiver bias underlying female preference for a male
mating pheromone in sea lamprey
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE receiver bias; cyclostomata; lamprey; communication; 3kPZS; mate choice
ID UNIQUE BILE-ACIDS; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; MIGRATORY PHEROMONE; SEXUAL
SELECTION; MATE CHOICE; SENSORY EXPLOITATION; SPAWNING BEHAVIOR; HONEST
SIGNALS; GREAT-LAKES; EVOLUTION
AB Receiver bias models suggest that a male sexual signal became exaggerated to match a pre-existing sensory, perceptual or cognitive disposition of the female. Accordingly, these models predict that females of related taxa possessing the ancestral state of signalling evolved preference for the male trait in a non-sexual context. We postulated that female preference for the male-released bile alcohol mating pheromone, 3 keto petromyzonol sulfate (3kPZS), of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) evolved as a result of a receiver bias. In particular, we propose that migratory silver lamprey (Ichthyomyzon unicuspis), a basal member of the Petromyzontidae, evolved a preference for 3kPZS released by stream-resident larvae as a means of identifying productive habitat for offspring. Larval silver lamprey released 3kPZS at rates sufficient to be detected by migratory lampreys. Females responded to 3kPZS by exhibiting upstream movement behaviours relevant in a migratory context, but did not exhibit proximate behaviours important to mate search and spawning. Male silver lamprey did not release 3kPZS at rates sufficient to be detected by females in natural high-volume stream environments. We infer that female silver lamprey cue onto 3kPZS excreted by stream-resident larvae as a mechanism to locate habitat conducive to offspring survival and that males do not signal with 3kPZS. We suggest that this female preference for a male signal in a non-sexual context represents a bias leading to the sexual signalling observed in sea lamprey.
C1 [Buchinger, T. J.; Wang, H.; Li, W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Johnson, N. S.] US Geol Survey, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
RP Johnson, NS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
EM njohnson@usgs.gov
FU Great Lakes Fisheries Commission
FX Funding was provided by the Great Lakes Fisheries Commission. Mention
and use of trademark products does not constitute endorsement from the
US Government. This article is contribution 1784 of the US Geological
Survey Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 56
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 25
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD NOV 22
PY 2013
VL 280
IS 1771
AR UNSP 20131966
DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.1966
PG 7
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 298LH
UT WOS:000330324900017
PM 24068361
ER
PT J
AU Schultner, J
Kitaysky, AS
Gabrielsen, GW
Hatch, SA
Bech, C
AF Schultner, J.
Kitaysky, A. S.
Gabrielsen, G. W.
Hatch, S. A.
Bech, C.
TI Differential reproductive responses to stress reveal the role of
life-history strategies within a species
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE trade-offs; stress hormones; reproduction; populations; seabirds;
life-history theory
ID BLACK-LEGGED KITTIWAKES; LONG-LIVED BIRD; RISSA-TRIDACTYLA; FOOD
AVAILABILITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; POPULATION PROCESSES; TRADE-OFFS;
CORTICOSTERONE; SEABIRDS; SURVIVAL
AB Life-history strategies describe that 'slow'-in contrast to 'fast'-living species allocate resources cautiously towards reproduction to enhance survival. Recent evidence suggests that variation in strategies exists not only among species but also among populations of the same species. Here, we examined the effect of experimentally induced stress on resource allocation of breeding seabirds in two populations with contrasting life-history strategies: slow-living Pacific and fast-living Atlantic black-legged kittiwakes. We tested the hypothesis that reproductive responses in kittiwakes under stress reflect their life-history strategies. We predicted that in response to stress, Pacific kittiwakes reduce investment in reproduction compared with Atlantic kittiwakes. We exposed chick-rearing kittiwakes to a short-term (3-day) period of increased exogenous corticosterone (CORT), a hormone that is released during food shortages. We examined changes in baseline CORT levels, parental care and effects on offspring. We found that kittiwakes from the two populations invested differently in offspring when facing stress. In response to elevated CORT, Pacific kittiwakes reduced nest attendance and deserted offspring more readily than Atlantic kittiwakes. We observed lower chick growth, a higher stress response in offspring and lower reproductive success in response to CORT implantation in Pacific kittiwakes, whereas the opposite occurred in the Atlantic. Our findings support the hypothesis that life-history strategies predict short-term responses of individuals to stress within a species. We conclude that behaviour and physiology under stress are consistent with trade-off priorities as predicted by life-history theory. We encourage future studies to consider the pivotal role of life-history strategies when interpreting inter-population differences of animal responses to stressful environmental events.
C1 [Schultner, J.; Bech, C.] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
[Schultner, J.; Kitaysky, A. S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Gabrielsen, G. W.] Norwegian Polar Res Inst, Tromso, Norway.
[Hatch, S. A.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Hatch, S. A.] Inst Seabird Res & Conservat, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Schultner, J (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
EM jschultner@gmail.com
RI Schultner, Jannik/G-2264-2010; Bech, Claus/C-1086-2011
OI Schultner, Jannik/0000-0002-5865-7975; Bech, Claus/0000-0002-0860-0663
FU Research Council of Norway (SPORE project) [196181]; Research Council of
Norway (MariClim project) [165112]; North Pacific Research Board; Arctic
Field Grants from Svalbard Science Forum
FX This work was supported by the Research Council of Norway (SPORE
project, grant no. 196181; MariClim project, grant no. 165112). J.S. was
supported by a Graduate Student Research Award from the North Pacific
Research Board. J.S. and C. B. received support by Arctic Field Grants
from the Svalbard Science Forum.
NR 64
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 6
U2 72
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD NOV 22
PY 2013
VL 280
IS 1771
AR UNSP 20132090
DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.2090
PG 10
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 298LH
UT WOS:000330324900020
PM 24089339
ER
PT J
AU Raymond, PA
Hartmann, J
Lauerwald, R
Sobek, S
McDonald, C
Hoover, M
Butman, D
Striegl, R
Mayorga, E
Humborg, C
Kortelainen, P
Durr, H
Meybeck, M
Ciais, P
Guth, P
AF Raymond, Peter A.
Hartmann, Jens
Lauerwald, Ronny
Sobek, Sebastian
McDonald, Cory
Hoover, Mark
Butman, David
Striegl, Robert
Mayorga, Emilio
Humborg, Christoph
Kortelainen, Pirkko
Duerr, Hans
Meybeck, Michel
Ciais, Philippe
Guth, Peter
TI Global carbon dioxide emissions from inland waters
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID SIZE DISTRIBUTION; UNITED-STATES; LAKES; RESERVOIRS; ABUNDANCE; STREAMS;
FLUXES; BUDGET; RIVERS; CYCLE
AB Carbon dioxide (CO2) transfer from inland waters to the atmosphere, known as CO2 evasion, is a component of the global carbon cycle. Global estimates of CO2 evasion have been hampered, however, by the lack of a framework for estimating the inland water surface area and gas transfer velocity and by the absence of a global CO2 database. Here we report regional variations in global inland water surface area, dissolved CO2 and gas transfer velocity. We obtain global CO2 evasion rates of 1.8(-0.25)(+0.25) petagrams of carbon (Pg C) per year from streams and rivers and 0.32(-0.26)(+0.52) Pg C yr(-1) from lakes and reservoirs, where the upper and lower limits are respectively the 5th and 95th confidence interval percentiles. The resulting global evasion rate of 2.1 Pg C yr(-1) is higher than previous estimates owing to a larger stream and river evasion rate. Our analysis predicts global hotspots in stream and river evasion, with about 70 per cent of the flux occurring over just 20 per cent of the land surface. The source of inland water CO2 is still not known with certainty and new studies are needed to research the mechanisms controlling CO2 evasion globally.
C1 [Raymond, Peter A.; Hoover, Mark; Butman, David] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Hartmann, Jens; Lauerwald, Ronny] Univ Hamburg, Inst Geol, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Lauerwald, Ronny] Univ Libre Brussels, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Sobek, Sebastian] Uppsala Univ, Dept Ecol & Genet, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
[McDonald, Cory] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53716 USA.
[Butman, David; Striegl, Robert] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Mayorga, Emilio] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Humborg, Christoph] Stockholm Univ, Dept Appl Environm Sci, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Kortelainen, Pirkko] Finnish Environm Inst, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland.
[Duerr, Hans] Univ Waterloo, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Meybeck, Michel] Univ Paris 06, Unite Mixte Rech CNRS UPMC Sisyphe, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
[Ciais, Philippe] LSCE IPSL, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Guth, Peter] US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Raymond, PA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, 195 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
EM peter.raymond@yale.edu
RI Raymond, Peter/C-4087-2009; Hartmann, Jens/A-6306-2008; Humborg,
Christoph/C-4756-2015;
OI Raymond, Peter/0000-0002-8564-7860; Hartmann, Jens/0000-0003-1878-9321;
Humborg, Christoph/0000-0002-0649-5599; Lauerwald,
Ronny/0000-0001-5554-0897; Mayorga, Emilio/0000-0003-2574-4623;
McDonald, Cory/0000-0002-1208-8471
FU NASA [NNX11AH68G]; L-IPSL labex program; Formas; EU project GeoCarbon
[U4603EUU1104]; DFG [EXC 177, DFG HA 4472/6-1]
FX P.A.R. and M.H were partly funded by a NASA grant (NNX11AH68G) to P.A.R.
P.A.R. also received support from a fellowship from L-IPSL labex
program. S.S. was supported by Formas. R.L. and J.H. were funded by the
EU project GeoCarbon (U4603EUU1104) and by DFG (EXC 177 and DFG HA
4472/6-1). This represents a contribution to the RECCAP process. R.S.
and D.B. are part of the Inland Water Science Group of the USGS
LandCarbon Project.
NR 50
TC 291
Z9 302
U1 53
U2 382
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD NOV 21
PY 2013
VL 503
IS 7476
BP 355
EP 359
DI 10.1038/nature12760
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 254KG
UT WOS:000327163200032
PM 24256802
ER
PT J
AU Kellogg, CA
Piceno, YM
Tom, LM
DeSantis, TZ
Gray, MA
Zawada, DG
Andersen, GL
AF Kellogg, Christina A.
Piceno, Yvette M.
Tom, Lauren M.
DeSantis, Todd Z.
Gray, Michael A.
Zawada, David G.
Andersen, Gary L.
TI Comparing Bacterial Community Composition between Healthy and White
Plague-Like Disease States in Orbicella annularis Using PhyloChip (TM)
G3 Microarrays
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK BAND DISEASE; CORAL MUSSISMILIA-BRAZILIENSIS; SIDERASTREA-SIDEREA;
MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; ACROPORA-PALMATA; CAUSATIVE AGENT; ELKHORN CORAL;
REEF; DIVERSITY; CULTURE
AB Coral disease is a global problem. Diseases are typically named or described based on macroscopic changes, but broad signs of coral distress such as tissue loss or discoloration are unlikely to be specific to a particular pathogen. For example there appear to be multiple diseases that manifest the rapid tissue loss that characterizes 'white plague'. PhyloChip (TM) G3 microarrays were used to compare the bacterial community composition of both healthy and white plague-like diseased corals. Samples of lobed star coral (Orbicella annularis, formerly of the genus Montastraea [1]) were collected from two geographically distinct areas, Dry Tortugas National Park and Virgin Islands National Park, to determine if there were biogeographic differences between the diseases. In fact, all diseased samples clustered together, however there was no consistent link to Aurantimonas coralicida, which has been disease as the causative agent of white plague type II. The microarrays revealed a large amount of bacterial heterogeneity within the healthy corals and less diversity in the diseased corals Gram-positive bacterial groups (Actinobacteria, Firmicutes) comprised a greater proportion of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) unique to healthy samples. Diseased samples were enriched in OTUs from the families Corynebacteriacea, Lachnospiracea, Rhodobacteraceae, and Streptococcaceae. Much previous coral disease work has used clone libraries, which seem to be methodologically biased toward recovery of Gram-negative bacterial sequences and may therefore have missed the importance of Gram-positive groups. The Phylochip (TM) data presented here provide a broader characterization of the bacterial community changes that occur within Orbicella annularis during the shift from a healthy to diseased state.
C1 [Kellogg, Christina A.; Gray, Michael A.; Zawada, David G.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL USA.
[Piceno, Yvette M.; Tom, Lauren M.; Andersen, Gary L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[DeSantis, Todd Z.] Second Genome Inc, San Bruno, CA USA.
RP Kellogg, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL USA.
EM ckellogg@usgs.gov
RI Tom, Lauren/E-9739-2015; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015; Piceno,
Yvette/I-6738-2016
OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827; Piceno, Yvette/0000-0002-7915-4699
FU Coral Reef Ecosystems Study (CREST) of the United States Geological
Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology Program; United States Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This project was supported by the Coral Reef Ecosystems Study (CREST) of
the United States Geological Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology
Program. A portion of this work was performed under the auspices of the
United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 to
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 56
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 19
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 20
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 11
AR e79801
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0079801
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 256LY
UT WOS:000327313100048
PM 24278181
ER
PT J
AU Miller, K
Jean, A
Alarie, Y
Hardy, N
Gibson, R
AF Miller, Kelly
Jean, April
Alarie, Yves
Hardy, Nate
Gibson, Randy
TI Phylogenetic placement of North American subterranean diving beetles
(Insecta: Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)
SO ARTHROPOD SYSTEMATICS & PHYLOGENY
LA English
DT Article
DE Subterranean; stygobitic; aquifer; phylogeny; water beetles
ID UNDERGROUND WATERS; CLADISTIC-ANALYSIS; NIRRIPIRTI WATTS; DNA-SEQUENCES;
GENUS; HYDROPORINAE; EVOLUTION; SYSTEMATICS; AUSTRALIA; CLASSIFICATION
AB A phylogenetic analysis of Hydroporinae (Coleoptera; Dytiscidae) is conducted with emphasis on placement of the North American subterranean diving beetles Psychopomporus felipi Jean, Telles & Miller, Ereboporus naturaconservatus Miller, Gibson & Alarie, and Haedeoporus texanus Young & Longley. Analyses include 49 species of Hydroporinae, representing each currently recognized tribe except Carabhydrini Watts. Data include 21 characters from adult morphology and sequences from seven genes, 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, cytochrome c oxidase I, cytrochrome c oxidase II, histone III, elongation factor I alpha, and wingless. The combined data were analyzed using parsimony and mixed-model Bayesian tree estimation, and the combined molecular data were analyzed using maximum likelihood. Less inclusive branches (genera, genus-groups, and tribes) are well-supported under each criterion, but relationships among tribes are not. These branches are short, poorly supported and in conflict among the estimation methods. Because of certain anomalous relationships in the parsimony and likelihood results, and greater consistency of the Bayesian results with morphological data, this is our preferred phylogenetic estimate. Haedeoporus Young & Longley is related to Neoporus Guignot, Heterosternuta Guignot, and other members of the Hydroporus-group of genera of Hydroporini sensu lab. Psychopomporus Jean, Telles & Miller and Ereboporus Miller, Gibson & Alarie are nested within the Graptodytes-group of genera of Hydroporini sensu lato, and are the only North American members of this otherwise Mediterranean group. Congruent results between optimality criteria indicate that Hydroporini sensu lato is conspicuously non-monophyletic.
C1 [Miller, Kelly] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Miller, Kelly] Univ New Mexico, Museum Southwestern Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Jean, April] Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Alarie, Yves] Laurentian Univ, Dept Biol, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada.
[Hardy, Nate] Cleveland Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Gibson, Randy] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, San Marcos Aquat Resources & Technol Ctr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
RP Miller, K (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM kbmiller@unm.edu; ajtafoya@unm.edu; yalarie@laurentian.ca;
nbhardy@gmail.com; Randy_Gibson@fws.gov
RI Miller, Kelly/I-6651-2012
FU UNM MARC program [NIH-T34GM008751]; UNM UNO program [NSF-DEB0731350];
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National
Science Foundation [DEB-0845984]
FX We thank the Museum of Southwestern Biology Division of Arthropods (D.
Lightfoot and S. Brantley, collection managers). We thank M.A. Nelson
and the UNM MARC program (grant #NIH-T34GM008751) and J.A. Cook and the
UNM UNO program (grant #NSF-DEB0731350) for support for A. Jean. Thanks
to E. Nearns, N. Lord and other members of the Miller Laboratory of
Insect Systematics. We thank P. Diaz for his help with field
collections, laboratory sorting, and review of the manuscript. We thank
C. Nice and anonymous reviewers for comments on an earlier version of
the manuscript. Financial support to Y.A. was provided by the Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada in the form of a
Discovery research grant. The findings and conclusions in this article
are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Institute of General
Medical Sciences or the National Institutions of Health. Portions of
this project were funded by National Science Foundation grant
#DEB-0845984 (K.B. Miller, PI).
NR 60
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U1 1
U2 9
PU SENCKENBERG NATURHISTORISCHE SAMMLUNGEN DRESDEN, MUSEUM TIERKUNDE
PI DRESDEN
PA KOENIGSBRUECKER LANDSTRASSE 159, DRESDEN, 00000, GERMANY
SN 1863-7221
EI 1864-8312
J9 ARTHROPOD SYST PHYLO
JI Arthropod. Syst. Phylogeny
PD NOV 19
PY 2013
VL 71
IS 2
BP 75
EP 90
PG 16
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 260DW
UT WOS:000327576200002
ER
PT J
AU Sullivan, TJ
Lawrence, GB
Bailey, SW
McDonnell, TC
Beier, CM
Weathers, KC
McPherson, GT
Bishop, DA
AF Sullivan, T. J.
Lawrence, G. B.
Bailey, S. W.
McDonnell, T. C.
Beier, C. M.
Weathers, K. C.
McPherson, G. T.
Bishop, D. A.
TI Effects of Acidic Deposition and Soil Acidification on Sugar Maple Trees
in the Adirondack Mountains, New York
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; BEECH BARK
DISEASE; CATSKILL MOUNTAINS; ALLEGHENY PLATEAU; CALCIUM GRADIENT;
SPATIAL-PATTERNS; CROWN VIGOR; NUTRITION; GROWTH
AB We documented the effects of acidic atmospheric deposition and soil acidification on the canopy health, basal area increment, and regeneration of sugar maple (SM) trees across the Adirondack region of New York State, in the northeastern United States, where SM are plentiful but not well studied and where widespread depletion of soil calcium (Ca) has been documented. Sugar maple is a dominant canopy species in the Adirondack Mountain ecoregion, and it has a high demand for Ca. Trees in this region growing on soils with poor acid base chemistry (low exchangeable Ca and % base saturation [BS]) that receive relatively high levels of atmospheric sulfur and nitrogen deposition exhibited a near absence of SM seedling regeneration and lower crown vigor compared with study plots with relatively high exchangeable Ca and BS and lower levels of acidic deposition. Basal area increment averaged over the 20th century was correlated (p < 0.1) with acid base chemistry of the O-a, A, and upper B soil horizons. A lack of Adirondack SM regeneration, reduced canopy condition, and possibly decreased basal area growth over recent decades are associated with low concentrations of nutrient base cations in this region that has undergone soil Ca depletion from acidic deposition.
C1 [Sullivan, T. J.; McDonnell, T. C.; McPherson, G. T.] E&S Environm Chem Inc, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA.
[Lawrence, G. B.] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Bailey, S. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Hubbard Brook Expt Stn, North Woodstock, NH 03262 USA.
[Beier, C. M.; Bishop, D. A.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Weathers, K. C.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA.
RP Sullivan, TJ (reprint author), E&S Environm Chem Inc, POB 609, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA.
EM tim.sullivan@esenvironmental.com
OI Bailey, Scott/0000-0002-9160-156X
FU New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA)
Environmental Monitoring, Evaluation, and Protection Program
FX This research was funded by a grant from the New York State Energy
Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) Environmental Monitoring,
Evaluation, and Protection Program, under the direction of Greg Lampman,
to E&S Environmental Chemistry, Inc. Field sampling assistance was
provided by M. Brand and M. Leopold.
NR 43
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 43
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 19
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 22
BP 12687
EP 12694
DI 10.1021/es401864w
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 257CI
UT WOS:000327360600011
PM 24102084
ER
PT J
AU Milstead, WB
Hollister, JW
Moore, RB
Walker, HA
AF Milstead, W. Bryan
Hollister, Jeffrey W.
Moore, Richard B.
Walker, Henry A.
TI Estimating Summer Nutrient Concentrations in Northeastern Lakes from
SPARROW Load Predictions and Modeled Lake Depth and Volume
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID NITROGEN-CYCLE; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN HEALTH; FRESH-WATER;
EUTROPHICATION; RETENTION; ECOSYSTEMS; RESERVOIRS; IMPACTS
AB Global nutrient cycles have been altered by the use of fossil fuels and fertilizers resulting in increases in nutrient loads to aquatic systems. In the United States, excess nutrients have been repeatedly reported as the primary cause of lake water quality impairments. Setting nutrient criteria that are protective of a lakes ecological condition is one common solution; however, the data required to do this are not always easily available. A useful solution for this is to combine available field data (i.e., The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) National Lake Assessment (NLA)) with average annual nutrient load models (i.e., USGS SPARROW model) to estimate summer concentrations across a large number of lakes. In this paper we use this combined approach and compare the observed total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TN) concentrations in Northeastern lakes from the 2007 National Lake Assessment to those predicted by the Northeast SPARROW model. We successfully adjusted the SPARROW predictions to the NLA observations with the use of Vollenweider equations, simple input-output models that predict nutrient concentrations in lakes based on nutrient loads and hydraulic residence time. This allows us to better predict summer concentrations of TN and TP in Northeastern lakes and ponds. On average we improved our predicted concentrations of TN and TP with Vollenweider models by 18.7% for nitrogen and 19.0% for phosphorus. These improved predictions are being used in other studies to model ecosystem services (e. g., aesthetics) and dis-services (e. g. cyanobacterial blooms) for similar to 18,000 lakes in the Northeastern United States.
C1 [Milstead, W. Bryan; Hollister, Jeffrey W.; Walker, Henry A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Moore, Richard B.] US Geol Survey, Pembroke, NH USA.
RP Milstead, WB (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM milstead.bryan@epa.gov
OI Hollister, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9254-9740
NR 53
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 7
U2 35
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 19
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 11
AR e81457
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0081457
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 256LO
UT WOS:000327311900131
PM 24260579
ER
PT J
AU Kaemingk, MA
Dembkowski, DJ
Meyer, HA
Gigliotti, LM
AF Kaemingk, Mark A.
Dembkowski, Daniel J.
Meyer, Hilary A.
Gigliotti, Larry M.
TI Insights for Undergraduates Seeking an Advanced Degree in Wildlife and
Fisheries Sciences
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
AB In today's job market, having a successful career in the fisheries and wildlife sciences is becoming more dependent on obtaining an advanced degree. As a result, competition for getting accepted into a graduate program is fierce. Our objective for this study was to provide prospective graduate students some insights as to what qualifications or attributes would best prepare them for obtaining a graduate position (M.S.) and to excel once they are enrolled in a graduate program. A survey was sent to 50 universities within the National Association of University Fisheries and Wildlife Programs (NAUFWP) where both faculty and undergraduate students were asked questions relating to graduate school. Faculty rated the importance of various criteria and attributes of graduate school, and students answered the questions according to how they believed faculty members would respond. Overall, undergraduate students shared many of the same graduate school viewpoints as those held by faculty members. However, viewpoints differed on some topics related to admittance and the most important accomplishment of a graduate student while enrolled in a graduate program. These results indicate that undergraduate students may be better prepared for graduate schooland they may understand how to be successful once they are enrolled in a programthan was initially thought.
C1 [Kaemingk, Mark A.; Dembkowski, Daniel J.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Meyer, Hilary A.] Missouri River Fisheries Ctr, South Dakota Dept Game Fish & Parks, Ft Pierre, SD USA.
[Gigliotti, Larry M.] S Dakota State Univ, South Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wild Life Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Kaemingk, MA (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Box 2140B, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM mark.kaemingk@sdstate.edu
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 15
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD NOV 19
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 11
BP 483
EP 490
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.826200
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 248DO
UT WOS:000326674100004
ER
PT J
AU Reeves, MK
Medley, KA
Pinkney, AE
Holyoak, M
Johnson, PTJ
Lannoo, MJ
AF Reeves, Mari K.
Medley, Kimberly A.
Pinkney, Alfred E.
Holyoak, Marcel
Johnson, Pieter T. J.
Lannoo, Michael J.
TI Localized Hotspots Drive Continental Geography of Abnormal Amphibians on
USWildlife Refuges
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID DEFORMED FROGS; TREMATODE INFECTION; LIMB MALFORMATIONS; MALFORMED
FROGS; RANA-PIPIENS; DEFORMITIES; RISK; VERMONT; MINNESOTA; STRESSORS
AB Amphibians with missing, misshapen, and extra limbs have garnered public and scientific attention for two decades, yet the extent of the phenomenon remains poorly understood. Despite progress in identifying the causes of abnormalities in some regions, a lack of knowledge about their broader spatial distribution and temporal dynamics has hindered efforts to understand their implications for amphibian population declines and environmental quality. To address this data gap, we conducted a nationwide, 10-year assessment of 62,947 amphibians on U. S. National Wildlife Refuges. Analysis of a core dataset of 48,081 individuals revealed that consistent with expected background frequencies, an average of 2% were abnormal, but abnormalities exhibited marked spatial variation with a maximum prevalence of 40%. Variance partitioning analysis demonstrated that factors associated with space (rather than species or year sampled) captured 97% of the variation in abnormalities, and the amount of partitioned variance decreased with increasing spatial scale (from site to refuge to region). Consistent with this, abnormalities occurred in local to regional hotspots, clustering at scales of tens to hundreds of kilometers. We detected such hotspot clusters of high-abnormality sites in the Mississippi River Valley, California, and Alaska. Abnormality frequency was more variable within than outside of hotspot clusters. This is consistent with dynamic phenomena such as disturbance or natural enemies (pathogens or predators), whereas similarity of abnormality frequencies at scales of tens to hundreds of kilometers suggests involvement of factors that are spatially consistent at a regional scale. Our characterization of the spatial and temporal variation inherent in continent-wide amphibian abnormalities demonstrates the disproportionate contribution of local factors in predicting hotspots, and the episodic nature of their occurrence.
C1 [Reeves, Mari K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage Field Off, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Medley, Kimberly A.; Johnson, Pieter T. J.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Pinkney, Alfred E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, Annapolis, MD USA.
[Holyoak, Marcel] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Lannoo, Michael J.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Terre Haute, IN USA.
RP Reeves, MK (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage Field Off, Anchorage, AK USA.
EM mari_reeves@fws.gov
FU USFWS Division of Environmental Quality; National Wildlife Refuge
System; National Science Foundation [DEB-0841758, DEB-1149308]; David
and Lucile Packard Foundation
FX Funding was provided by the USFWS Division of Environmental Quality and
the National Wildlife Refuge System. PTJJ was supported by grants from
the National Science Foundation (DEB-0841758, DEB-1149308) and a
fellowship from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. The funders had
no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 68
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 21
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 18
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 11
AR e77467
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0077467
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 256KH
UT WOS:000327308500006
PM 24260103
ER
PT J
AU Hartzell, S
Mendoza, C
Zeng, YH
AF Hartzell, Stephen
Mendoza, Carlos
Zeng, Yuehua
TI Rupture model of the 2011 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake from teleseismic
and regional waveforms
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE earthquake sources; finite fault modeling
ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; STRONG-MOTION DATA; JOINT INVERSION; GEODETIC
DATA; FINITE FAULT; HECTOR MINE; CALIFORNIA; HISTORY; STRESS; SLIP
AB We independently invert teleseismic P waveforms and regional crustal phases to examine the finite fault slip model for the 2011 M-w 5.8 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake. Theoretical and empirical Green's functions are used for the teleseismic and regional models, respectively. Both solutions show two distinct sources each about 2km across and separated by 2.5km. The source at the hypocenter is more localized in the regional model leading to a higher peak slip of 130cm and higher average stress drop of 250 bars compared with 86cm and 150 bars for the same source in the teleseismic model. Both sources are centered at approximately 8km depth in the regional model, largely below the aftershock distribution. In the teleseismic model, the sources extend updip to approximately 6km depth, into the depth range of the aftershocks. The rupture velocity is not well resolved but appears to be near 2.7km/s.
C1 [Hartzell, Stephen; Zeng, Yuehua] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Mendoza, Carlos] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Geociencias, Queretaro, Mexico.
RP Hartzell, S (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 966 Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM shartzell@usgs.gov
FU UNAM/DGAPA
FX The authors benefited from discussions with Martin Chapman and Daniel
McNamara. Martin Chapman provided ground motion records from the
Virginia Tech seismic array. This work was completed while one of us
(C.M.) was visiting the USGS with support from UNAM/DGAPA. Teleseismic
and regional records are available from Incorporated Research
Institutions for Seismology (IRIS, www. iris. edu). Other regional
records are from Virginia Tech Seismological Observatory
(www.geol.vt.edu/outreach/vtso). Source parameters are from St. Louis
University (www.eas.slu/eqc).
NR 36
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD NOV 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 21
BP 5665
EP 5670
DI 10.1002/2013GL057880
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 263LT
UT WOS:000327810800019
ER
PT J
AU Bradford, JB
Jensen, NR
Domke, GM
D'Amato, AW
AF Bradford, John B.
Jensen, Nicholas R.
Domke, Grant M.
D'Amato, Anthony W.
TI Potential increases in natural disturbance rates could offset forest
management impacts on ecosystem carbon stocks
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Forest inventory; Harvest intensity; Simulation; Carbon pools; Superior
National Forest
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTHERN MINNESOTA; INVENTORY DATA; UNITED-STATES; SOIL
CARBON; TEMPERATE FORESTS; LAKE STATES; STORAGE; USA; HARVEST
AB Forested ecosystems contain the majority of the world's terrestrial carbon, and forest management has implications for regional and global carbon cycling. Carbon stored in forests changes with stand age and is affected by natural disturbance and timber harvesting. We examined how harvesting and disturbance interact to influence forest carbon stocks over the Superior National Forest, in northern Minnesota. Forest inventory data from the USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis program were used to characterize current forest age structure and quantify the relationship between age and carbon stocks for eight forest types. Using these findings, we simulated the impact of alternative management scenarios and natural disturbance rates on forest-wide terrestrial carbon stocks over a 100-year horizon. Under low natural mortality, forest-wide total ecosystem carbon stocks increased when 0% or 40% of planned harvests were implemented; however, the majority of forest-wide carbon stocks decreased with greater harvest levels and elevated disturbance rates. Our results suggest that natural disturbance has the potential to exert stronger influence on forest carbon stocks than timber harvesting activities and that maintaining carbon stocks over the long-term may prove difficult if disturbance frequency increases in response to climate change. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bradford, John B.] Univ Arizona, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, USGS, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Jensen, Nicholas R.; D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Domke, Grant M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Bradford, JB (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, USGS, POB 5614, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM jbradford@usgs.gov
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011;
OI Domke, Grant/0000-0003-0485-0355
NR 64
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 308
BP 178
EP 187
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.07.042
PG 10
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 273GB
UT WOS:000328522200019
ER
PT J
AU Maranon-Jimenez, S
Castro, J
Querejeta, JI
Fernandez-Ondono, E
Allen, CD
AF Maranon-Jimenez, Sara
Castro, Jorge
Ignacio Querejeta, Jose
Fernandez-Ondono, Emilia
Allen, Craig D.
TI Post-fire wood management alters water stress, growth, and performance
of pine regeneration in a Mediterranean ecosystem
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Burnt wood; Facilitation; Nurse structures; Pinus pinaster; Post-fire
restoration; Salvage harvesting
ID OXYGEN-ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLANDS; NURSE PLANTS;
STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; AIR TEMPERATURES; TREE
MORTALITY; PINASTER AIT.; STABLE OXYGEN; NW SPAIN
AB Extensive research has focused on comparing the impacts of post-fire salvage logging versus those of less aggressive management practices on forest regeneration. However, few studies have addressed the effects of different burnt-wood management options on seedling/sapling performance, or the ecophysiological mechanisms underlying differences among treatments. In this study, we experimentally assess the effects of post-fire management of the burnt wood on the growth and performance of naturally regenerating pine seedlings (Pinus pinaster). Three post-fire management treatments varying in degree of intervention were implemented seven months after a high-severity wildfire burned Mediterranean pine forests in the Sierra Nevada, southeast Spain: (a) "No Intervention" (NI, all burnt trees left standing); (b) "Partial Cut plus Lopping" (PCL, felling most of the burnt trees, cutting off branches, and leaving all the biomass on site without mastication); and (c) "Salvage Logging" (SL, felling the burnt trees, piling up the logs and masticating the fine woody debris). Three years after the fire, the growth, foliar nutrient concentrations, and leaf carbon, nitrogen and oxygen isotopic composition (delta C-13, delta O-18 and delta N-15) of naturally regenerating seedlings were measured in all the treatments. Pine seedlings showed greatest vigor and size in the PCL treatment, whereas growth was poorest in SL. The nutrient concentrations were similar among treatments, although greater growth in the two treatments with residual wood present indicated higher plant uptake. Seedlings in the SL treatment showed high leaf delta C-13 and delta O-18 values indicating severe water stress, in contrast to significantly alleviated water stress indications in the PCL treatment. Seedling growth and physiological performance in NI was intermediate between that of PCL and SL After six growing seasons, P. pinaster saplings in PCL showed greater growth and cone production than SL saplings. In summary, salvage logging has a detrimental effect on the ecophysiological performance and growth of naturally regenerating pine seedlings, compared to alternative post-fire management practices in which burnt logs and branches are left in situ. Improved seedling growth and performance is associated with the amelioration of microsite/microclimate conditions by the presence of residual burnt wood, which alleviates seedling drought stress and improves nutrient availability through the decomposition of woody debris. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Maranon-Jimenez, Sara; Castro, Jorge] Univ Granada, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ecol, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
[Maranon-Jimenez, Sara] Helmholtz Zentrum Umweltforsch GmbH UFZ, Dept Hydrosyst Modellierung, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
[Ignacio Querejeta, Jose] CSIC, CEBAS, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
[Fernandez-Ondono, Emilia] Univ Granada, Fac Ciencias, Dept Edafol & Quim Agr, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
[Allen, Craig D.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Jemez Mt Field Stn, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Maranon-Jimenez, S (reprint author), Helmholtz Zentrum Umweltforsch GmbH UFZ, Dept Hydrosyst Modellierung, Permoserstr 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
EM sara.maranon@ufz.de
RI Fernandez-Ondono, Emilia/L-9536-2014; Castro, Jorge/M-1509-2014;
Querejeta, Jose/B-6297-2008; Maranon, Sara/A-7926-2013;
OI Fernandez-Ondono, Emilia/0000-0002-3530-9302; Castro,
Jorge/0000-0002-6362-2240; Querejeta, Jose Ignacio/0000-0002-9547-0974
FU Organismo Autonomo de Parques Nacionales (MMA) [10/2005]; COILEX
[CGL2008-01671]; ECOLPIN of the MICINN [AGL2011-24296]; European
Community 7th Framework Programme Project GHG-Europe [FP7/2007-2013,
244122]; University of Granada; project Carbored-II
[CGL2010-22193-004-02]
FX We thank Angela Sanchez-Miranda and Ramon Ruiz-Puche for their
extraordinary field and lab assistance, and Susana Hitos and Isabel
Sanchez for their work and advice in chemical and isotopic analyses. The
Consejeria de Medio Ambiente (Junta de Andalucia) and the Parque
Nacional y Natural de Sierra Nevada offered support in establishing the
treatments. This study was financed by the projects (10/2005) of the
Organismo Autonomo de Parques Nacionales (MMA), COILEX (CGL2008-01671)
and ECOLPIN (AGL2011-24296) of the MICINN, by the European Community 7th
Framework Programme Project GHG-Europe (FP7/2007-2013; Grant Agreement
244122), by Subprogram for Technical Support (PTA2009-1782-I) of the
MICINN, and by a grant FPU-MEC and a contract to S.M.J. co-financed by
the University of Granada and the project Carbored-II
(CGL2010-22193-004-02) of the MICINN. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 101
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U1 8
U2 51
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 308
BP 231
EP 239
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.07.009
PG 9
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 273GB
UT WOS:000328522200025
ER
PT J
AU Boy-Roura, M
Nolan, BT
Mencio, A
Mas-Pla, J
AF Boy-Roura, Merce
Nolan, Bernard T.
Mencio, Anna
Mas-Pla, Josep
TI Regression model for aquifer vulnerability assessment of nitrate
pollution in the Osona region (NE Spain)
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Regression model; Nitrate pollution; Vulnerability map; Multi-layered
aquifer; Osona
ID SHALLOW ALLUVIAL GROUNDWATER; UNITED-STATES; AGRICULTURAL LAND;
CONTAMINATION; DENITRIFICATION; WELLS; ATTENUATION; ISOTOPES; INSIGHTS;
WATERS
AB A multiple linear regression (MLR) model was developed for the Osona region (1260 km(2), NE Spain) to determine aquifer vulnerability to nitrate pollution in groundwater. The MLR model was based on a data set of nitrate data from 57 private wells sampled in 2010. Up to 70 explanatory variables were screened to statistically identify the key parameters that determine nitrate concentration in groundwater in the study area. Finally, 5 variables were selected for the regression model, which are the following: (1) nitrogen loading as manure; (2) aquifer type; (3) percent of well-drained and deep soils; (4) percent of irrigated crops; and (5) an indicator of the presence of denitrification processes, which together represent the input of nitrogen, transport and attenuation of nitrate in groundwater. The model features three innovations: net nitrogen input was determined throughout the region using a simple mass balance approach and a newly available GIS tool; the model addresses the layering of sedimentary formations distinguishing different aquifer types; and detailed aquifer chemistry at well locations was incorporated into the spatial model by reducing data to composite variables for subsequent interpolation by kriging to represent denitrification processes occurring in the aquifer. All variables were significant in the MLR model (p-values < 0.10) and explained 75% of the variation in groundwater nitrate concentrations. A plot of observed vs. predicted nitrate for 25 validation wells yielded a significant (p-value < 0.001) and a positive correlation. According to the results obtained in the regression model, vulnerability maps for unconfined, leaky and confined aquifers were developed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Boy-Roura, Merce; Mencio, Anna; Mas-Pla, Josep] Univ Girona, Dept Ciencies Ambientals, Grp Geol Aplicada & Ambiental, Ctr Recerca Geol & Cartog Ambiental Geocamb, Girona 17071, Spain.
[Nolan, Bernard T.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 413, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Mas-Pla, Josep] Catalan Inst Water Res ICRA, Girona 17003, Spain.
RP Boy-Roura, M (reprint author), Univ Girona, Dept Ciencies Ambientals, Grp Geol Aplicada & Ambiental, Ctr Recerca Geol & Cartog Ambiental Geocamb, Girona 17071, Spain.
EM merce.boy@udg.edu; btnolan@usgs.gov; anna.mencio@udg.edu;
josep.mas@udg.edu
RI Mas-Pla, Josep/B-9582-2009; Mencio, Anna/K-2745-2014
OI Mas-Pla, Josep/0000-0002-8491-9895; Mencio, Anna/0000-0001-6023-5862
FU Spanish Government [CGL2011-29975-C04-04, EEBB-I-12-05560]
FX This study has been financed by the Spanish Government's
CGL2011-29975-C04-04 project. The authors thank USGS researchers for
their help, and especially JoAnn Gronberg and Curtis Price for their
insightful advices on GIS and the NACT tool; J.K. Bohlke for discussion
of isotope data; and J. Tesoriero for providing valuable comments on the
draft paper. M. Boy-Roura' research stay at USGS was funded by the
Spanish Government EEBB-I-12-05560 grant.
NR 57
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U1 3
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 505
BP 150
EP 162
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.09.048
PG 13
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 277GG
UT WOS:000328806400013
ER
PT J
AU Mahler, BJ
Bourgeai, R
AF Mahler, B. J.
Bourgeai, R.
TI Dissolved oxygen fluctuations in karst spring flow and implications for
endemic species: Barton Springs, Edwards aquifer, Texas, USA
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Karst spring; Dissolved oxygen; Endemic species; Climate change; Edwards
aquifer
ID ORGANIC-CARBON; WATER-QUALITY; TRACERS; SYSTEMS
AB Karst aquifers and springs provide the dissolved oxygen critical for survival of endemic stygophiles worldwide, but little is known about fluctuations of dissolved oxygen concentrations (DO) and factors that control those concentrations. We investigated temporal variation in DO at Barton Springs, Austin, Texas, USA. During 2006-2012, DO fluctuated by as much as a factor of 2, and at some periods decreased to concentrations that adversely affect the Barton Springs salamander (Eurycea sorosum) (<= 4.4 mg/L), a federally listed endangered species endemic to Barton Springs. DO was lowest (<= 4.4 mg/L) when discharge was low (<= 1 m(3)/s) and spring water temperature was >21 degrees C, although not at a maximum; the minimum DO recorded was 4.0 mg/L. Relatively low DO (<6 mg/L) also was measured at relatively high discharge (3.2 m(3)/s) and maximum T (22.2 degrees C). A four-segment linear regression model with daily data for discharge and spring water temperature as explanatory variables provided an excellent fit for mean daily DO (Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient for the validation period of 0.90). DO also fluctuated at short-term timescales in response to storms, and DO measured at 15-min intervals could be simulated with a combination of discharge, spring temperature, and specific conductance as explanatory variables. On the basis of the daily-data regression model, we hypothesize that more frequent low DO corresponding to salamander mortality could result from (i) lower discharge from Barton Springs resulting from increased groundwater withdrawals or decreased recharge as a result of climate change, and (or) (ii) higher groundwater temperature as a result of climate change Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Mahler, B. J.] US Geol Survey, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
[Bourgeai, R.] Agence Eau Seine Normandie, F-60200 Compiegne, France.
RP Mahler, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
EM bjmahler@usgs.gov; bourgeais.renan@aesn.fr
OI Mahler, Barbara/0000-0002-9150-9552
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 505
BP 291
EP 298
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.10.004
PG 8
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 277GG
UT WOS:000328806400024
ER
PT J
AU Sinigalliano, CD
Ervin, JS
Van De Werfhorst, LC
Badgley, BD
Balleste, E
Bartkowiak, J
Boehm, AB
Byappanahalli, M
Goodwin, KD
Gourmelon, M
Griffith, J
Holden, PA
Jay, J
Layton, B
Lee, C
Lee, J
Meijer, WG
Noble, R
Raith, M
Ryu, H
Sadowsky, MJ
Schriewer, A
Wang, D
Wanless, D
Whitman, R
Wuertz, S
Domingo, JWS
AF Sinigalliano, Christopher D.
Ervin, Jared S.
Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.
Badgley, Brian D.
Balleste, Elisenda
Bartkowiak, Jakob
Boehm, Alexandria B.
Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara
Goodwin, Kelly D.
Gourmelon, Michele
Griffith, John
Holden, Patricia A.
Jay, Jenny
Layton, Blythe
Lee, Cheonghoon
Lee, Jiyoung
Meijer, Wim G.
Noble, Rachel
Raith, Meredith
Ryu, Hodon
Sadowsky, Michael J.
Schriewer, Alexander
Wang, Dan
Wanless, David
Whitman, Richard
Wuertz, Stefan
Domingo, Jorge W. Santo
TI Multi-laboratory evaluations of the performance of Catellicoccus
marimammalium PCR assays developed to target gull fecal sources
SO WATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Quantitative PCR; Fecal indicator bacteria; Microbial source tracking;
Catellicoccus marimammalium; Gulls; Water quality monitoring
ID INDICATOR BACTERIA; LARUS-DELAWARENSIS; NONPOINT-SOURCE; WATER-QUALITY;
LAKE-MICHIGAN; CANADA GOOSE; FECES; CONTAMINATION; BEACHES; ENTEROCOCCI
AB Here we report results from a multi-laboratory (n = 11) evaluation of four different PCR methods targeting the 165 rRNA gene of Catellicoccus marimammalium originally developed to detect gull fecal contamination in coastal environments. The methods included a conventional end-point PCR method, a SYBR (R) Green qPCR method, and two TaqMan (R) qPCR methods. Different techniques for data normalization and analysis were tested. Data analysis methods had a pronounced impact on assay sensitivity and specificity calculations. Across-laboratory standardization of metrics including the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), target detected but not quantifiable (DNQ), and target not detected (ND) significantly improved results compared to results submitted by individual laboratories prior to definition standardization. The unit of measure used for data normalization also had a pronounced effect on measured assay performance. Data normalization to DNA mass improved quantitative method performance as compared to enterococcus normalization. The MST methods tested here were originally designed for gulls but were found in this study to also detect feces from other birds, particularly feces composited from pigeons. Sequencing efforts showed that some pigeon feces from California contained sequences similar to C. marimammalium found in gull feces. These data suggest that the prevalence, geographic scope, and ecology of C. marimammaliurn in host birds other than gulls require further investigation. This study represents an important first step in the multi-laboratory assessment of these methods and highlights the need to broaden and standardize additional evaluations, including environmentally relevant target concentrations in ambient waters from diverse geographic regions. Published by Elsevier
C1 [Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Bartkowiak, Jakob; Goodwin, Kelly D.; Wanless, David] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Ervin, Jared S.; Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Ervin, Jared S.; Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Badgley, Brian D.; Sadowsky, Michael J.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Biotechnol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Balleste, Elisenda; Meijer, Wim G.] Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Sch Biomol & Biomed Sci, Conway Inst, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Bartkowiak, Jakob; Wanless, David] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
[Boehm, Alexandria B.; Wang, Dan; Whitman, Richard] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN USA.
[Gourmelon, Michele] IFREMER, ZI Pointe Diable, Unite Environm Microbiol & Phycotoxines, Dept Ressources Biol & Enuironm,MIC LNR,Lab Micro, Plouzane, France.
[Griffith, John; Layton, Blythe; Raith, Meredith] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA USA.
[Jay, Jenny] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Lee, Cheonghoon; Lee, Jiyoung] Ohio State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Lee, Jiyoung] Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Noble, Rachel] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC USA.
[Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Microbial Contaminants Control Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Schriewer, Alexander; Wuertz, Stefan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Wuertz, Stefan] Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Environm Life Sci Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Badgley, Brian D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA.
RP Sinigalliano, CD (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM christopher.sinigalliano@noaa.gov
RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; Goodwin, Kelly/B-4985-2014;
Balleste, Elisenda/C-1727-2013; Sadowsky, Michael/J-2507-2016; Wang,
Dan/D-3927-2017
OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; Goodwin,
Kelly/0000-0001-9583-8073; Balleste, Elisenda/0000-0003-2523-8464;
Sadowsky, Michael/0000-0001-8779-2781;
FU California Water Resources Control Board; NSF [NSF 0CE0432368/0911373];
NIEHS [NIEHS P50ES12736]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory,
Ocean Chemistry Division; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through
its Office of Research and Development; RARE program; U.S. Geological
Survey, Great Lakes Science Center; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Ocean
Research Priorities Plan (ORPP); Irish EPA; National Research Council
fellowship
FX This study was primarily funded by a Clean Beach Initiative grant from
the California Water Resources Control Board. It was also funded in part
by Oceans and Human Health Center grants from NSF and NIEHS (NSF
0CE0432368/0911373 and NIEHS P50ES12736, respectively). Additional
funding support and research collaboration was also provided by the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Atlantic Oceanographic
and Meteorological Laboratory, Ocean Chemistry Division. The U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and
Development and the RARE program, partially funded and collaborated in
the research described herein. Research collaboration support and
additional funding was also provided by the U.S. Geological Survey,
Great Lakes Science Center. This work was funded in part by the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS) Ocean Research Priorities Plan (ORPP). Portions
of this work conducted at University College Dublin were funded in part
by the Irish EPA under the STRIVE Programme. This work has been
subjected to agency administrative review and has been approved for
external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of
the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. EPA;
therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of
trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use. HR was funded via a National Research Council
fellowship. This article is Contribution 1737 of the U.S. Geological
Survey Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 34
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0043-1354
J9 WATER RES
JI Water Res.
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 18
BP 6883
EP 6896
DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.059
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 272EV
UT WOS:000328444000008
PM 23916157
ER
PT J
AU Layton, BA
Cao, YP
Ebentier, DL
Hanley, K
Balleste, E
Brandao, J
Byappanahalli, M
Converse, R
Farnleitner, AH
Gentry-Shields, J
Gidley, ML
Gourmelon, M
Lee, CS
Lee, J
Lozach, S
Madi, T
Meijer, WG
Noble, R
Peed, L
Reischer, GH
Rodrigues, R
Rose, JB
Schriewer, A
Sinigalliano, C
Srinivasan, S
Stewart, J
Van De Werfhorst, LC
Wang, D
Whitman, R
Wuertz, S
Jay, J
Holden, PA
Boehm, AB
Shanks, O
Griffith, JF
AF Layton, Blythe A.
Cao, Yiping
Ebentier, Darcy L.
Hanley, Kaitlyn
Balleste, Elisenda
Brandao, Joao
Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara
Converse, Reagan
Farnleitner, Andreas H.
Gentry-Shields, Jennifer
Gidley, Maribeth L.
Gourmelon, Michele
Lee, Chang Soo
Lee, Jiyoung
Lozach, Solen
Madi, Tania
Meijer, Wim G.
Noble, Rachel
Peed, Lindsay
Reischer, Georg H.
Rodrigues, Raquel
Rose, Joan B.
Schriewer, Alexander
Sinigalliano, Chris
Srinivasan, Sangeetha
Stewart, Jill
Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.
Wang, Dan
Whitman, Richard
Wuertz, Stefan
Jay, Jenny
Holden, Patricia A.
Boehm, Alexandria B.
Shanks, Orin
Griffith, John F.
TI Performance of human fecal anaerobe-associated PCR-based assays in a
multi-laboratory method evaluation study
SO WATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Microbial source tracking; qPCR; Water quality; Bacteroides;
Bacteroidales
ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; QUANTITATIVE PCR; GENETIC-MARKERS;
SEWAGE POLLUTION; FRESH-WATER; BACTEROIDALES; INDICATOR; CONTAMINATION;
TRACKING
AB A number of PCR-based methods for detecting human fecal material in environmental waters have been developed over the past decade, but these methods have rarely received independent comparative testing in large multi-laboratory studies. Here, we evaluated ten of these methods (BacH, BacHum-UCD, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BtH), BsteriF1, gyrB, HF183 endpoint, HF183 SYBR, HF183 Taqman (R), HumM2, and Methanobrevibacter smithii nifH (Mnif)) using 64 blind samples prepared in one laboratory. The blind samples contained either one or two fecal sources from human, wastewater or non-human sources. The assay results were assessed for presence/absence of the human markers and also quantitatively while varying the following: 1) classification of samples that were detected but not quantifiable (DNQ) as positive or negative; 2) reference fecal sample concentration unit of measure (such as culturable indicator bacteria, wet mass, total DNA, etc); and 3) human fecal source type (stool, sewage or septage). Assay performance using presence/absence metrics was found to depend on the classification of DNQ samples. The assays that performed best quantitatively varied based on the fecal concentration unit of measure and laboratory protocol. All methods were consistently more sensitive to human stools compared to sewage or septage in both the presence/absence and quantitative analysis. Overall, HF183 Taqman (R) was found to be the most effective marker of human fecal contamination in this California-based study. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Layton, Blythe A.; Cao, Yiping; Griffith, John F.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
[Ebentier, Darcy L.; Hanley, Kaitlyn; Jay, Jenny] UCLA Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Balleste, Elisenda; Meijer, Wim G.] Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Sch Biomol & Biomed Sci, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Brandao, Joao; Rodrigues, Raquel] Inst Nacl Saude, P-1649016 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara; Whitman, Richard] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
[Converse, Reagan; Noble, Rachel] UNC Chapel Hill Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
[Converse, Reagan] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Farnleitner, Andreas H.; Reischer, Georg H.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Chem Engn, Interuniv Cooperat Ctr Water & Hlth, Environm Microbiol & Mol Ecol Grp, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
[Gentry-Shields, Jennifer; Stewart, Jill] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Gidley, Maribeth L.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Gourmelon, Michele; Lozach, Solen] IFREMER, ZI Pointe Diable, Unite Environm Microbiol & Phycotoxines, Dept Ressources Biol & Environm,MIC LNR,Lab Micro, Plouzane, France.
[Lee, Chang Soo; Lee, Jiyoung] Ohio State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Madi, Tania] Source Mol Corp, Miami, FL 33155 USA.
[Peed, Lindsay; Shanks, Orin] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Rose, Joan B.; Srinivasan, Sangeetha] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Schriewer, Alexander; Wuertz, Stefan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Sinigalliano, Chris] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Wang, Dan; Boehm, Alexandria B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Wuertz, Stefan] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Biol Sci SBS B1N 27, Singapore Ctr Environm Life Sci Engn, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
[Wuertz, Stefan] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
RP Griffith, JF (reprint author), Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd Ste 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
EM johng@sccwrp.org
RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; gidley, maribeth/B-8335-2014;
Balleste, Elisenda/C-1727-2013; Brandao, Joao/H-8795-2016; Wang,
Dan/D-3927-2017
OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; gidley,
maribeth/0000-0001-9583-8073; Balleste, Elisenda/0000-0003-2523-8464;
Hanley, Kaitlyn/0000-0002-8252-4689; Farnleitner,
Andreas/0000-0002-0542-5425; Brandao, Joao/0000-0001-7553-227X;
FU Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P22309-820]; DK-plus [W1219-N22]; National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA04OAR4600199]; California
State Water Resources Control Board
FX The authors are deeply grateful to Meredith Raith for her vital
contribution to sample creation, data generation and data analysis.
Steve Weisberg and Chuck Hagedorn helped develop the manuscript. We also
greatly appreciate the students and staff of all labs that participated
in the SIPP method evaluation study. Work in the Famleitner Lab was
funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) projects # P22309-820 and
DK-plus #W1219-N22. Work in the Rose Lab was funded by the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NA04OAR4600199). Funding for the
method evaluation study was through a Clean Beach Initiative Grant from
the California State Water Resources Control Board. This article is
Contribution 1758 of the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science
Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 39
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0043-1354
J9 WATER RES
JI Water Res.
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 18
BP 6897
EP 6908
DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.05.060
PG 12
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 272EV
UT WOS:000328444000009
PM 23992621
ER
PT J
AU Sohl, TL
Claggett, PR
AF Sohl, Terry L.
Claggett, Peter R.
TI Clarity versus complexity: Land-use modeling as a practical tool for
decision-makers
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Review
DE Land use; Model; Complexity; Clarity; Decision support; Policy
ID AGENT-BASED MODEL; CELLULAR-AUTOMATA; SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT; ECUADORIAN
AMAZON; POLICY SUPPORT; USE DYNAMICS; COVER CHANGE; UNCERTAINTY;
SIMULATION; SCIENCE
AB The last decade has seen a remarkable increase in the number of modeling tools available to examine future land-use and land-cover (LULC) change. Integrated modeling frameworks, agent-based models, cellular automata approaches, and other modeling techniques have substantially improved the representation of complex LULC systems, with each method using a different strategy to address complexity. However, despite the development of new and better modeling tools, the use of these tools is limited for actual planning, decision-making, or policy-making purposes. LULC modelers have become very adept at creating tools for modeling LULC change, but complicated models and lack of transparency limit their utility for decision-makers. The complicated nature of many LULC models also makes it impractical or even impossible to perform a rigorous analysis of modeling uncertainty. This paper provides a review of land-cover modeling approaches and the issues causes by the complicated nature of models, and provides suggestions to facilitate the increased use of LULC models by decision-makers and other stakeholders. The utility of LULC models themselves can be improved by 1) providing model code and documentation, 2) through the use of scenario frameworks to frame overall uncertainties, 3) improving methods for generalizing key LULC processes most important to stakeholders, and 4) adopting more rigorous standards for validating models and quantifying uncertainty. Communication with decision-makers and other stakeholders can be improved by increasing stakeholder participation in all stages of the modeling process, increasing the transparency of model structure and uncertainties, and developing user-friendly decision-support systems to bridge the link between LULC science and policy. By considering these options, LULC science will be better positioned to support decision-makers and increase real-world application of LULC modeling results. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Sohl, Terry L.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Claggett, Peter R.] US Geol Survey, USGS Southeast Area, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
RP Sohl, TL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM sohl@usgs.gov; pclaggett@usgs.gov
OI Sohl, Terry/0000-0002-9771-4231
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PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 129
BP 235
EP 243
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.07.027
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 264TR
UT WOS:000327904400028
PM 23954777
ER
PT J
AU Przybyla-Kelly, K
Nevers, MB
Breitenbach, C
Whitman, RL
AF Przybyla-Kelly, Kasia
Nevers, Meredith B.
Breitenbach, Cathy
Whitman, Richard L.
TI Recreational water quality response to a filtering barrier at a Great
Lakes beach
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Escherichia coli; Turbidity; Best management practices; Remediation;
Swimming beach; Microbial water quality
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI CONCENTRATIONS; FRESH-WATER; NEARSHORE WATER;
CLADOPHORA CHLOROPHYTA; INDICATOR BACTERIA; FORESHORE SAND; EMBAYED
BEACH; MICHIGAN; ENTEROCOCCI; EMBAYMENTS
AB Recent research has sought to determine the off- or onshore origin of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in order to improve local recreational water quality. In an effort to reduce offshore contamination, a filtering barrier (FB) was installed at Calumet Beach, Lake Michigan, Chicago, IL A horseshoe-shaped curtain (146 m long, 0.18 mm apparent opening size, 1.5-1.6 m deepest point) was designed to exclude FIB containing or promoting debris and thus reduce the number of swimming advisories during the examination period of July through September 2012. Mean water Escherichia coli concentrations were significantly lower at southern transects (S; outside FB) than at transects within the FB (WN) and at northern transects (N; outside FB) (1.45 log (MPN)/100 ml vs. 1.74 and 1.72, respectively, p < 0.05, n = 234). Turbidity was significantly higher at the WN transects (p < 0.001, n = 233), but it tended to increase throughout the sampling season within and outside the FB. E. coli in adjacent foreshore sand was significantly lower at the WN transects. A combination of factors might explain higher E. coli and turbidity within the FB including increased sediment resuspension, trapped algae, shallowing within the FB, and large lake hydrodynamic processes. This remediation approach may find better use in a different hydrodynamic setting, but the results of this experiment provide insight on sources of contamination and nearshore dynamics that may direct future beach management strategies. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Przybyla-Kelly, Kasia; Nevers, Meredith B.; Whitman, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
[Breitenbach, Cathy] Chicago Pk Dist, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
RP Nevers, MB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1100 North Mineral Springs Rd, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
EM mnevers@usgs.gov
OI Nevers, Meredith/0000-0001-6963-6734
FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
FX This article is Contribution 1780 of the USGS Great Lakes Science
Center. Thank you to Kevin Walsh, Zack Niec, Sean Miller, and Ashley
Spoljaric for assistance in sample collection, laboratory analyses,
barrier installment, removal and maintenance. This work was funded in
part by a grant through the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative to the
Chicago Park District. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 36
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PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 129
BP 635
EP 641
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.040
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 264TR
UT WOS:000327904400073
PM 24041625
ER
PT J
AU Struckhoff, MA
Stroh, ED
Grabner, KW
AF Struckhoff, Matthew A.
Stroh, Esther D.
Grabner, Keith W.
TI Effects of mining-associated lead and zinc soil contamination on native
floristic quality (vol 119, pg 20, 2013)
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Struckhoff, Matthew A.; Stroh, Esther D.; Grabner, Keith W.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Struckhoff, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 East New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM mstruckhoff@usgs.gov
NR 1
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U1 0
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PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 129
BP 666
EP 667
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.010
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 264TR
UT WOS:000327904400077
ER
PT J
AU Hansen, MC
Potapov, PV
Moore, R
Hancher, M
Turubanova, SA
Tyukavina, A
Thau, D
Stehman, SV
Goetz, SJ
Loveland, TR
Kommareddy, A
Egorov, A
Chini, L
Justice, CO
Townshend, JRG
AF Hansen, M. C.
Potapov, P. V.
Moore, R.
Hancher, M.
Turubanova, S. A.
Tyukavina, A.
Thau, D.
Stehman, S. V.
Goetz, S. J.
Loveland, T. R.
Kommareddy, A.
Egorov, A.
Chini, L.
Justice, C. O.
Townshend, J. R. G.
TI High-Resolution Global Maps of 21st-Century Forest Cover Change
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL DEFORESTATION; LAND-USE; CONSERVATION; TRANSITION; EMISSIONS;
REGIONS
AB Quantification of global forest change has been lacking despite the recognized importance of forest ecosystem services. In this study, Earth observation satellite data were used to map global forest loss (2.3 million square kilometers) and gain (0.8 million square kilometers) from 2000 to 2012 at a spatial resolution of 30 meters. The tropics were the only climate domain to exhibit a trend, with forest loss increasing by 2101 square kilometers per year. Brazil's well-documented reduction in deforestation was offset by increasing forest loss in Indonesia, Malaysia, Paraguay, Bolivia, Zambia, Angola, and elsewhere. Intensive forestry practiced within subtropical forests resulted in the highest rates of forest change globally. Boreal forest loss due largely to fire and forestry was second to that in the tropics in absolute and proportional terms. These results depict a globally consistent and locally relevant record of forest change.
C1 [Hansen, M. C.; Potapov, P. V.; Turubanova, S. A.; Tyukavina, A.; Chini, L.; Justice, C. O.; Townshend, J. R. G.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Moore, R.; Hancher, M.; Thau, D.] Google, Mountain View, CA USA.
[Stehman, S. V.] SUNY Syracuse, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, Syracuse, NY USA.
[Goetz, S. J.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA.
[Loveland, T. R.] US Geol Survey, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Kommareddy, A.; Egorov, A.] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Hansen, MC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM mhansen@umd.edu
RI Goetz, Scott/A-3393-2015
OI Goetz, Scott/0000-0002-6326-4308
FU NASA [NNH05ZDA001N, NNH07ZDA001N, NNX12AB43G, NNX12AC78G, NNX08AP33A,
NNG06GD95G]
FX Support for Landsat data analysis and characterization was provided by
the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the United States Geological
Survey, and Google, Inc. GLAS data analysis was supported by the David
and Lucile Packard Foundation. Development of all methods was supported
by NASA through its Land Cover and Land Use Change, Terrestrial Ecology,
Applied Sciences, and MEaSUREs programs (grants NNH05ZDA001N,
NNH07ZDA001N, NNX12AB43G, NNX12AC78G, NNX08AP33A, and NNG06GD95G) and by
the U.S. Agency for International Development through its CARPE program.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. government. Results are
depicted and viewable online at full resolution:
http://earthenginepartners.appspot.com/science-2013-global-forest.
NR 23
TC 1011
Z9 1053
U1 179
U2 944
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 342
IS 6160
BP 850
EP 853
DI 10.1126/science.1244693
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 251IY
UT WOS:000326923000036
PM 24233722
ER
PT J
AU Schwartz, MD
Ault, TR
Betancourt, JL
AF Schwartz, Mark D.
Ault, Toby R.
Betancourt, Julio L.
TI Spring onset variations and trends in the continental United States:
past and regional assessment using temperature-based indices
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE lilac; phenology; southeastern United States; Spring Indices
ID NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; PHENOLOGY NETWORK; WARMING HOLE; EARLIER; WINTER;
MODEL; USA
AB Phenological data are simple yet sensitive indicators of climate change impacts on ecosystems, but observations have not been made routinely or extensively enough to evaluate spatial and temporal patterns across most continents, including North America. As an alternative, many studies use weather-based algorithms to simulate specific phenological responses. Spring Indices (SI) are a set of complex phenological models that have been successfully applied to evaluate variations and trends in the onset of spring across the Northern Hemisphere's temperate regions. To date, SI models have been limited by only producing output in locations where both the plants' chilling and warmth requirements are met. Here, we develop an extended form of the SI (abbreviated SI-x) that expands their application into the subtropics by ignoring chilling requirements while still retaining the utility and accuracy of the original SI (now abbreviated SI-o).The validity of the new indices is tested, and regional SI anomalies are explored across the data-rich continental United States. SI-x variations from 1900 to 2010 show an abrupt and sustained delay in spring onset of about 4-8d (around 1958) in parts of the Southeast and southern Great Plains, and a comparable advance of 4-8d (around 1984) in parts of the northern Great Plains and the West. Atmospheric circulation anomalies, linked to large-scale modes of variability, exert modest but significant roles in the timing of spring onset across the United States on interannual and longer timescales. The SI-x are promising metrics for tracking spring onset variations and trends in mid-latitudes, relating them to relevant ecological, hydrological, and socioeconomic phenomena, and exploring connections between atmospheric drivers and seasonal timing.
C1 [Schwartz, Mark D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Ault, Toby R.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Betancourt, Julio L.] US Geol Survey, Water Mission Area, Natl Res Program, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Schwartz, MD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
EM mds@uwm.edu
NR 25
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 3
U2 37
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 13
BP 2917
EP 2922
DI 10.1002/joc.3625
PG 6
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 238XR
UT WOS:000325985900012
ER
PT J
AU Hernes, PJ
Spencer, RGM
Dyda, RY
Pellerin, BA
Bachand, PAM
Bergamaschi, BA
AF Hernes, Peter J.
Spencer, Robert G. M.
Dyda, Rachael Y.
Pellerin, Brian A.
Bachand, Philip A. M.
Bergamaschi, Brian A.
TI DOM composition in an agricultural watershed: Assessing patterns and
variability in the context of spatial scales
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; MICROBIAL-DEGRADATION; OXIDATION-PRODUCTS;
OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; LIGNIN PHENOLS; PLANT-TISSUES; MATTER; STREAMS;
PRECURSORS; DIAGENESIS
AB Willow Slough, a seasonally irrigated agricultural watershed in the Sacramento River valley, California, was sampled synoptically in order to investigate the extent to which dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and compositions from throughout the catchment are represented at the mouth. DOC concentrations ranged from 1.8 to 13.9 mg L-1, with the lowest values in headwater 1st and 2nd order streams, and the highest values associated with flood irrigation. Carbon-normalized vanillyl phenols varied from 0.05 to 0.67 mg 100 mg OC-1 (0.37 mean), indicative of considerable contributions from vascular plants. DOC concentrations and compositions at the mouth appear to be primarily influenced by land use (agriculture) in the lower reaches, and therefore very little of the headwater chemistry (1st and 2nd order streams) can be discerned from the chemistry at or near the mouth (3rd and 4th order streams), indicating the need for synoptic sampling to capture the breadth of organic carbon cycling within a catchment. Field sampling during irrigation showed the large impact that flood irrigation can have on DOC concentrations and compositions, likely a primary cause of significantly elevated Willow Slough DOC concentrations during the summer irrigation season. Optical proxies exhibited varying degrees of correlation with chemical measurements, with strongest relationships to DOC and dissolved lignin (r(2) = 0.95 and 0.73, respectively) and weaker relationships to carbon-normalized lignin yields and C:V (r(2) from 0.31 to 0.42). Demonstrating the importance of matching scale to processes, we found no relationship between dissolved lignin concentrations and total suspended sediments (TSS) across all sites, in contrast to the strong relationship observed in weekly samples at the mouth. As DOC concentrations and compositions at the mouth of Willow Slough are closely tied to anthropogenic activities within the catchment, future changes in land-use driven by climate change, water availability, and economic pressures on crop types will also bring about changes in the overall biogeochemistry. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hernes, Peter J.; Spencer, Robert G. M.; Dyda, Rachael Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Pellerin, Brian A.; Bergamaschi, Brian A.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Bachand, Philip A. M.] Bachand & Associates, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Spencer, Robert G. M.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA.
RP Hernes, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM pjhernes@ucdavis.edu
OI Bergamaschi, Brian/0000-0002-9610-5581
FU California Bay Delta Authority Ecosystem Program; Drinking Water Program
FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge the California Bay Delta
Authority Ecosystem Program and Drinking Water Program for their
support. We also thank Timothy Ingrum, Miranda Fram, Will Kerlin,
Kathryn Crepeau, Frank Anderson, and Johnfranco Saraceno for analytical
and field support. Finally, we thank two anonymous reviewers for their
comments and suggestions that greatly improved this manuscript.
NR 40
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 61
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD NOV 15
PY 2013
VL 121
BP 599
EP 610
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2013.07.039
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 226ZR
UT WOS:000325077100036
ER
PT J
AU Sanford, WE
Doughten, MW
Coplen, TB
Hunt, AG
Bullen, TD
AF Sanford, Ward E.
Doughten, Michael W.
Coplen, Tyler B.
Hunt, Andrew G.
Bullen, Thomas D.
TI Evidence for high salinity of Early Cretaceous sea water from the
Chesapeake Bay crater
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IMPACT STRUCTURE; BOLIDE IMPACT; ATLANTIC;
GROUNDWATER; USA; CHEMISTRY; AQUIFER; BASINS; FLOW
AB High-salinity groundwater more than 1,000 metres deep in the Atlantic coastal plain of the USA has been documented in several locations(1,2), most recentlywithin the 35-million-year-old Chesapeake Bay impact crater(3-5). Suggestions for the origin of increased salinity in the crater have included evaporite dissolution(6), osmosis(6) and evaporation from heating(7) associated with the bolide impact. Here we present chemical, isotopic and physical evidence that together indicate that groundwater in the Chesapeake crater is remnant Early Cretaceous North Atlantic (ECNA) sea water. We find that the sea water is probably 100-145 million years old and that it has an average salinity of about 70 per mil, which is twice that of modern sea water and consistent with the nearly closed ECNA basin(8). Previous evidence for temperature and salinity levels of ancient oceans have been estimated indirectly from geochemical, isotopic and palaeontological analyses of solid materials in deep sediment cores. In contrast, our study identifies ancient sea water in situ and provides a direct estimate of its age and salinity. Moreover, we suggest that it is likely that remnants of ECNA sea water persist in deep sediments at many locations along the Atlantic margin.
C1 [Sanford, Ward E.; Doughten, Michael W.; Coplen, Tyler B.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Hunt, Andrew G.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Bullen, Thomas D.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Sanford, WE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mail Stop 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM wsanford@usgs.gov
NR 39
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 42
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD NOV 14
PY 2013
VL 503
IS 7475
BP 252
EP +
DI 10.1038/nature12714
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 250YX
UT WOS:000326894200049
PM 24226889
ER
PT J
AU Vorosmarty, CJ
de Guenni, LB
Wollheim, WM
Pellerin, B
Bjerklie, D
Cardoso, M
D'Almeida, C
Green, P
Colon, L
AF Voeroesmarty, Charles J.
de Guenni, Lelys Bravo
Wollheim, Wilfred M.
Pellerin, Brian
Bjerklie, David
Cardoso, Manoel
D'Almeida, Cassiano
Green, Pamela
Colon, Lilybeth
TI Extreme rainfall, vulnerability and risk: a continental-scale assessment
for South America
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL
AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; extreme weather; flooding; vulnerability; risk; water
security
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; WATER-RESOURCES; TRENDS; PRECIPITATION;
FLOODS; CYCLE; INTENSIFICATION; TEMPERATURE; MANAGEMENT
AB Extreme weather continues to preoccupy society as a formidable public safety concern bearing huge economic costs. While attention has focused on global climate change and how it could intensify key elements of the water cycle such as precipitation and river discharge, it is the conjunction of geophysical and socioeconomic forces that shapes human sensitivity and risks to weather extremes. We demonstrate here the use of high-resolution geophysical and population datasets together with documentary reports of rainfall-induced damage across South America over a multi-decadal, retrospective time domain (1960-2000). We define and map extreme precipitation hazard, exposure, affected populations, vulnerability and risk, and use these variables to analyse the impact of floods as a water security issue. Geospatial experiments uncover major sources of risk from natural climate variability and population growth, with change in climate extremes bearing a minor role. While rural populations display greatest relative sensitivity to extreme rainfall, urban settings show the highest rates of increasing risk. In the coming decades, rapid urbanization will make South American cities the focal point of future climate threats but also an opportunity for reducing vulnerability, protecting lives and sustaining economic development through both traditional and ecosystem-based disaster risk management systems.
C1 [Voeroesmarty, Charles J.; Green, Pamela] CUNY City Coll, CUNY Environm CrossRd Initiat, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[de Guenni, Lelys Bravo] Univ Simon Bolivar, Baruta, Miranda, Venezuela.
[Wollheim, Wilfred M.] Univ New Hampshire, Nat Resources & Environm & Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Pellerin, Brian] US Geol Survey, CA Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Bjerklie, David] US Geol Survey, CT Water Sci Ctr, E Hartford, CT USA.
[Cardoso, Manoel] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[D'Almeida, Cassiano] Natl Council Sci & Technol Dev CNPq, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
[Voeroesmarty, Charles J.; Colon, Lilybeth] CUNY City Coll, Dept Civil Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Vorosmarty, CJ (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, CUNY Environm CrossRd Initiat, New York, NY 10031 USA.
EM cvorosmarty@ccny.cuny.edu
FU UNESCO Regional Office for Science and Technology for Latin America;
Caribbean (ROSTLAC) [1007.4]; City University of New York's
Environmental CrossRoads Initiative; University of New Hampshire's
Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space; National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA-CREST) [NA06OAR4810162]
FX We acknowledge the support of several sponsors of this study, including
the UNESCO Regional Office for Science and Technology for Latin America
and the Caribbean (ROSTLAC; UNESCO contract no. 1007.4), the City
University of New York's Environmental CrossRoads Initiative, the
University of New Hampshire's Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans,
and Space and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA-CREST; cooperative agreement NA06OAR4810162).
NR 90
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 6
U2 35
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
EI 1471-2962
J9 PHILOS T R SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD NOV 13
PY 2013
VL 371
IS 2002
SI SI
AR 20120408
DI 10.1098/rsta.2012.0408
PG 17
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 298GV
UT WOS:000330313100003
PM 24080617
ER
PT J
AU Falke, JA
Dunham, JB
Jordan, CE
McNyset, KM
Reeves, GH
AF Falke, Jeffrey A.
Dunham, Jason B.
Jordan, Christopher E.
McNyset, Kristina M.
Reeves, Gordon H.
TI Spatial Ecological Processes and Local Factors Predict the Distribution
and Abundance of Spawning by Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) across a
Complex Riverscape
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID BEHAVIORAL LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION;
ANADROMOUS SALMONIDS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; WATER TEMPERATURE;
SOCKEYE-SALMON; CHINOOK SALMON; STREAM FISHES; TROUT
AB Processes that influence habitat selection in landscapes involve the interaction of habitat composition and configuration and are particularly important for species with complex life cycles. We assessed the relative influence of landscape spatial processes and local habitat characteristics on patterns in the distribution and abundance of spawning steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a threatened salmonid fish, across,15,000 stream km in the John Day River basin, Oregon, USA. We used hurdle regression and a multi-model information theoretic approach to identify the relative importance of covariates representing key aspects of the steelhead life cycle (e. g., site access, spawning habitat quality, juvenile survival) at two spatial scales: within 2-km long survey reaches (local sites) and ecological neighborhoods (5 km) surrounding the local sites. Based on Akaike's Information Criterion, models that included covariates describing ecological neighborhoods provided the best description of the distribution and abundance of steelhead spawning given the data. Among these covariates, our representation of offspring survival (growing-season-degree-days, degrees C) had the strongest effect size (7x) relative to other predictors. Predictive performances of model-averaged composite and neighborhood-only models were better than a siteonly model based on both occurrence (percentage of sites correctly classified = 0.8060.03 SD, 0.7860.02 vs. 0.6260.05, respectively) and counts (root mean square error = 3.37, 3.93 vs. 5.57, respectively). The importance of both temperature and stream flow for steelhead spawning suggest this species may be highly sensitive to impacts of land and water uses, and to projected climate impacts in the region and that landscape context, complementation, and connectivity will drive how this species responds to future environments.
C1 [Falke, Jeffrey A.; McNyset, Kristina M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Dunham, Jason B.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA.
[Jordan, Christopher E.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Reeves, Gordon H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Falke, JA (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM Jeffrey.Falke@alaska.edu
FU National Research Council; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
through the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Laboratory;
U.S. Geological Survey; National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center; USDA Forest Service
FX J. A. Falke and K. M. McNyset were supported by funds from the National
Research Council and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act through
the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Laboratory. J. B.
Dunham and G. H. Reeves were supported in part by a collaborative
research agreement between U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate
Change and Wildlife Science Center, and USDA Forest Service. The funders
had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 73
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 53
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 12
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 11
AR e79232
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0079232
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 255PK
UT WOS:000327252100095
PM 24265762
ER
PT J
AU Barnes, JW
Clark, RN
Sotin, C
Adamkovics, M
Appere, T
Rodriguez, S
Soderblom, JM
Brown, RH
Buratti, BJ
Baines, KH
Le Mouelic, S
Nicholson, PD
AF Barnes, Jason W.
Clark, Roger N.
Sotin, Christophe
Adamkovics, Mate
Appere, Thomas
Rodriguez, Sebastien
Soderblom, Jason M.
Brown, Robert H.
Buratti, Bonnie J.
Baines, Kevin H.
Le Mouelic, Stephane
Nicholson, Philip D.
TI A TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM OF TITAN'S NORTH POLAR ATMOSPHERE FROM A
SPECULAR REFLECTION OF THE SUN
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE planets and satellites: individual (Titan); radiative transfer;
techniques: spectroscopic
ID GIANT PLANET TRANSITS; METHANE; CASSINI/VIMS; SURFACE; LIQUID; CM(-1);
LAKES; NITROGEN; ETHANE; MODEL
AB Cassini/VIMS T85 observations of a solar specular reflection off of Kivu Lacus (87 degrees.4N 241 degrees.1E) provide an empirical transmission spectrum of Titan's atmosphere. Because this observation was acquired from short range (33,000 km), its intensity makes it visible within the 2.0, 2.7, and 2.8 mu m atmospheric windows in addition to the 5 mu m window where all previous specular reflections have been seen. The resulting measurement of the total one- way normal atmospheric optical depth (corresponding to haze scattering plus haze and gas absorption) provides strong empirical constraints on radiative transfer models. Using those models, we find that the total haze column abundance in our observation is 20% higher than the Huygens equatorial value. Ours is the first measurement in the 2-5 mu m wavelength range that probes all the way to the surface in Titan's arctic, where the vast majority of surface liquids are located. The specular technique complements other probes of atmospheric properties such as solar occultations and the direct measurements from Huygens. In breaking the degeneracy between surface and atmospheric absorptions, our measured optical depths will help to drive future calculations of deconvolved surface albedo spectra.
C1 [Barnes, Jason W.] Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Clark, Roger N.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Sotin, Christophe; Buratti, Bonnie J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Adamkovics, Mate] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Appere, Thomas; Rodriguez, Sebastien] Univ Paris 07, Lab AIM, CNRS, CEA Saclay,DSM,IRFU SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Soderblom, Jason M.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Brown, Robert H.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Baines, Kevin H.] Univ Wisconsin, Space Sci & Engn Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Le Mouelic, Stephane] Univ Nantes, Lab Planetol & Geodynam, F-44322 Nantes, France.
[Nicholson, Philip D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Barnes, JW (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM jwbarnes@uidaho.edu
RI Barnes, Jason/B-1284-2009; Rodriguez, Sebastien/H-5902-2016;
OI Barnes, Jason/0000-0002-7755-3530; Rodriguez,
Sebastien/0000-0003-1219-0641; Soderblom, Jason/0000-0003-3715-6407
FU NASA/ESA Cassini mission; NASA CDAPS Program [NNX12AC28G]; NSF planetary
astronomy grant [AST-1008788]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR
projects "APOSTIC", France) [11BS56002]
FX The authors acknowledge the support of the NASA/ESA Cassini mission.
J.W.B. acknowledges support from the NASA CDAPS Program, grant No.
NNX12AC28G. M.A'. is supported in part by NSF planetary astronomy grant
AST-1008788. T. A. and S. R. benefited from the support by the Agence
Nationale de la Recherche (ANR projects "APOSTIC" No. 11BS56002,
France).
NR 50
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2013
VL 777
IS 2
AR 161
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/777/2/161
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 242DY
UT WOS:000326218800080
ER
PT J
AU Madenjian, CP
Rutherford, ES
Stow, CA
Roseman, EF
He, JX
AF Madenjian, Charles P.
Rutherford, Edward S.
Stow, Craig A.
Roseman, Edward F.
He, Ji X.
TI Trophic Shift, Not Collapse
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID LAKE-HURON; MAIN BASIN; MICHIGAN
C1 [Madenjian, Charles P.; Roseman, Edward F.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Rutherford, Edward S.; Stow, Craig A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[He, Ji X.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Alpena Fisheries Res Stn, Alpena, MI 49707 USA.
RP Madenjian, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM cmadenjian@usgs.gov
OI Stow, Craig/0000-0001-6171-7855; Roseman, Edward/0000-0002-5315-9838;
Rutherford, Edward/0000-0002-7282-6667
NR 12
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 35
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 5
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 21
BP 11915
EP 11916
DI 10.1021/es404089y
PG 2
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 248OP
UT WOS:000326711300001
PM 24128047
ER
PT J
AU Haack, SK
Fogarty, LR
Stelzer, EA
Fuller, LM
Brennan, AK
Isaacs, NM
Johnson, HE
AF Haack, Sheridan K.
Fogarty, Lisa R.
Stelzer, Erin A.
Fuller, Lori M.
Brennan, Angela K.
Isaacs, Natasha M.
Johnson, Heather E.
TI Geographic Setting Influences Great Lakes Beach Microbiological Water
Quality
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI CONCENTRATIONS; BOVINE FECAL POLLUTION; REAL-TIME PCR;
RECREATIONAL BEACHES; ENTERIC PATHOGENS; GENETIC-MARKERS; EMBAYED BEACH;
MARINE WATERS; FRESH-WATER; MICHIGAN
AB Understanding of factors that influence Escherichia coli (EC) and enterococci (ENT) concentrations, pathogen occurrence, and microbial sources at Great Lakes beaches comes largely from individual beach studies. Using 12 representative beaches, we tested enrichment cultures from 273 beach water and 22 tributary samples for EC, ENT, and genes indicating the bacterial pathogens Shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC), Shigella spp., Salmonella spp, Campylobacter jejuni/coli, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and 108-145 samples for Bacteroides human, ruminant, and gull source-marker genes. EC/ENT temporal patterns, general Bacteroides concentration, and pathogen types and occurrence were regionally consistent (up to 40 km), but beach catchment variables (drains/creeks, impervious surface, urban land cover) influenced exceedances of EC/ENT standards and detections of Salmonella and STEC. Pathogen detections were more numerous when the EC/ENT Beach Action Value (but not when the Geometric Mean and Statistical Threshold Value) was exceeded. EC, ENT, and pathogens were not necessarily influenced by the same variables. Multiple Bacteroides sources, varying by date, occurred at every beach. Study of multiple beaches in different geographic settings provided new insights on the contrasting influences of regional and local variables, and a broader-scale perspective, on significance of EC/ENT exceedances, bacterial sources, and pathogen occurrence.
C1 [Haack, Sheridan K.; Fogarty, Lisa R.; Fuller, Lori M.; Brennan, Angela K.; Isaacs, Natasha M.; Johnson, Heather E.] US Geol Survey, Michigan Water Sci Ctr, Lansing, MI 48911 USA.
[Stelzer, Erin A.] US Geol Survey, Ohio Water Sci Ctr, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
RP Haack, SK (reprint author), Michigan Water Sci Ctr, 6520 Mercantile Way,Suite 5, Lansing, MI 48911 USA.
EM skhaack@usgs.gov
OI Stelzer, Erin/0000-0001-7645-7603
FU U.S. Geological Survey: Ocean Research Priorities Plan; Great Lakes
Restoration Initiative
FX The work was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey: Ocean Research
Priorities Plan, and by the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. We wish
to acknowledge the many health department and university personnel from
four states who collected samples, recorded daily sanitary survey data
and provided local information on the 12 studied beaches. We also
acknowledge Christopher M. Kephart and Chelsea Spencer for laboratory
and sampling assistance, and Donna Francy and Steve Corsi for assistance
in study design.
NR 58
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PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 5
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 21
BP 12054
EP 12063
DI 10.1021/es402299a
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 248OP
UT WOS:000326711300025
PM 24073635
ER
PT J
AU Khanna, S
Santos, MJ
Ustin, SL
Koltunov, A
Kokaly, RF
Roberts, DA
AF Khanna, Shruti
Santos, Maria J.
Ustin, Susan L.
Koltunov, Alexander
Kokaly, Raymond F.
Roberts, Dar A.
TI Detection of Salt Marsh Vegetation Stress and Recovery after the
Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in Barataria Bay, Gulf of Mexico Using
AVIRIS Data
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID LOUISIANA BRACKISH MARSH; MODEL INVERSION METHODS; MODIS REFLECTANCE
DATA; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; HYDROCARBON POLLUTION; REMOTE ESTIMATION;
SAUDI-ARABIA; CRUDE-OIL; IMPACT; COAST
AB The British Petroleum Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico was the biggest oil spill in US history. To assess the impact of the oil spill on the saltmarsh plant community, we examined Advanced Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data flown over Barataria Bay, Louisiana in September 2010 and August 2011. Oil contamination was mapped using oil absorption features in pixel spectra and used to examine impact of oil along the oiled shorelines. Results showed that vegetation stress was restricted to the tidal zone extending 14 m inland from the shoreline in September 2010. Four indexes of plant stress and three indexes of canopy water content all consistently showed that stress was highest in pixels next to the shoreline and decreased with increasing distance from the shoreline. Index values along the oiled shoreline were significantly lower than those along the oil-free shoreline. Regression of index values with respect to distance from oil showed that in 2011, index values were no longer correlated with proximity to oil suggesting that the marsh was on its way to recovery. Change detection between the two dates showed that areas denuded of vegetation after the oil impact experienced varying degrees of re-vegetation in the following year. This recovery was poorest in the first three pixels adjacent to the shoreline. This study illustrates the usefulness of high spatial resolution airborne imaging spectroscopy to map actual locations where oil from the spill reached the shore and then to assess its impacts on the plant community. We demonstrate that post-oiling trends in terms of plant health and mortality could be detected and monitored, including recovery of these saltmarsh meadows one year after the oil spill.
C1 [Khanna, Shruti; Ustin, Susan L.; Koltunov, Alexander] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Spatial Technol & Remote Sensing, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Santos, Maria J.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Spatial & Textual Anal CESTA, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Kokaly, Raymond F.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Roberts, Dar A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Khanna, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Spatial Technol & Remote Sensing, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM shrkhanna@ucdavis.edu
RI Santos, Maria Joao/M-5034-2013; Santos, Maria/H-6391-2015; Kokaly,
Raymond/A-6817-2017
OI Santos, Maria Joao/0000-0002-6558-7477; Santos,
Maria/0000-0002-6558-7477; Kokaly, Raymond/0000-0003-0276-7101
FU NSF [1058134]; Chevron Corp. [201118134]; Chevron
FX This work has been partially funded by an NSF Macroecosystems program
for a Rapid grant (#1058134) and Chevron Corp. (#201118134). The authors
project for Chevron is primarily to provide advice on when to use
different types of remote sensing data, mostly to identify land cover
types using different types of statistical classification methods. The
objective of their funding from Chevron has been to identify cost
effective data types and methods of analysis that can be applied under a
range of environmental conditions. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
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PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 5
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 11
AR e78989
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0078989
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 247EE
UT WOS:000326597400044
PM 24223872
ER
PT J
AU McIlroy, SK
Lind, AJ
Allen-Diaz, BH
Roche, LM
Frost, WE
Grasso, RL
Tate, KW
AF McIlroy, Susan K.
Lind, Amy J.
Allen-Diaz, Barbara H.
Roche, Leslie M.
Frost, William E.
Grasso, Rob L.
Tate, Kenneth W.
TI Determining the Effects of Cattle Grazing Treatments on Yosemite Toads
(Anaxyrus [=Bufo] canorus) in Montane Meadows
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID AMPHIBIAN POPULATION DECLINES; COLUMBIA SPOTTED FROG; SIERRA-NEVADA;
HABITAT; CALIFORNIA; EXTINCTIONS; COMMUNITIES; FLOODPLAIN; MECHANISMS;
LIVESTOCK
AB Amphibians are experiencing a precipitous global decline, and population stability on public lands with multiple uses is a key concern for managers. In the Sierra Nevada Mountains (California, USA), managers have specifically identified livestock grazing as an activity that may negatively affect Yosemite toads due to the potential overlap of grazing with toad habitat. Grazing exclusion from Yosemite toad breeding and rearing areas and/or entire meadows have been proposed as possible management actions to alleviate the possible impact of cattle on this species. The primary objective of this study was to determine if different fencing treatments affect Yosemite toad populations. We specifically examined the effect of three fencing treatments on Yosemite toad breeding pool occupancy, tadpoles, and young of the year (YOY). Our hypothesis was that over the course of treatment implementation (2006 through 2010), Yosemite toad breeding pool occupancy and early life stage densities would increase within two fencing treatments relative to actively grazed meadows due to beneficial changes to habitat quality in the absence of grazing. Our results did not support our hypothesis, and showed no benefit to Yosemite toad presence or early life stages in fenced or partially fenced meadows compared to standard USDA Forest Service grazing levels. We found substantial Yosemite toad variation by both meadow and year. This variation was influenced by meadow wetness, with water table depth significant in both the tadpole and YOY models.
C1 [McIlroy, Susan K.; Allen-Diaz, Barbara H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Environm Sci Policy & Management Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lind, Amy J.; Grasso, Rob L.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA.
[Roche, Leslie M.; Tate, Kenneth W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Frost, William E.] Agr & Nat Resources Res & Extens Ctr, Davis, CA USA.
RP McIlroy, SK (reprint author), USGS Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Snake River Field Stn, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
EM smcilroy@usgs.gov
FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region
FX This research was funded by USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest
Region. Other than providing preliminary data, funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
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U1 3
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PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 5
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 11
AR e79263
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0079263
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 247EE
UT WOS:000326597400057
PM 24223919
ER
PT J
AU Paces, JB
Nichols, PJ
Neymark, LA
Rajaram, H
AF Paces, James B.
Nichols, Paul J.
Neymark, Leonid A.
Rajaram, Harihar
TI Evaluation of Pleistocene groundwater flow through fractured tuffs using
a U-series disequilibrium approach, Pahute Mesa, Nevada, USA
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Uranium-series isotopes; Radioactive disequilibrium; Water-rock
interaction; Fracture flow
ID YUCCA MOUNTAIN; TEST-SITE; WEATHERING PROFILES; LANDSCAPE EVOLUTION;
REGOLITH FORMATION; LOW-TEMPERATURES; SOUTHERN NEVADA; VOLCANIC FIELD;
HALF-LIVES; FLUID-FLOW
AB Groundwater flow through fractured felsic tuffs and lavas at the Nevada National Security Site represents the most likely mechanism for transport of radionuclides away from underground nuclear tests at Pahute Mesa. To help evaluate fracture flow and matrix-water exchange, we have determined U-series isotopic compositions on more than 40 drill core samples from 5 boreholes that represent discrete fracture surfaces, breccia zones, and interiors of unfractured core. The U-series approach relies on the disruption of radioactive secular equilibrium between isotopes in the uranium-series decay chain due to preferential mobilization of U-234 relative to U-238, and U relative to Th. Samples from discrete fractures were obtained by milling fracture surfaces containing thin secondary mineral coatings of clays, silica, Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides, and zeolite. Intact core interiors and breccia fragments were sampled in bulk. In addition, profiles of rock matrix extending 15 to 44 mm away from several fractures that show evidence of recent flow were analyzed to investigate the extent of fracture/matrix water exchange. Samples of rock matrix have U-234/U-238 and Th-230/U-238 activity ratios (AR) closest to radioactive secular equilibrium indicating only small amounts of groundwater penetrated unfractured matrix. Greater U mobility was observed in welded-tuff matrix with elevated porosity and in zeolitized bedded tuff. Samples of brecciated core were also in secular equilibrium implying a lack of long-range hydraulic connectivity in these cases. Samples of discrete fracture surfaces typically, but not always, were in radioactive disequilibrium. Many fractures had isotopic compositions plotting near the Th-230-U-234 1: 1 line indicating a steady-state balance between U input and removal along with radioactive decay. Numerical simulations of U-series isotope evolution indicate that 0.5 to 1 million years are required to reach steady-state compositions. Once attained, disequilibrium U-234/U-238 and Th-230/U-238 AR values can be maintained indefinitely as long as hydrological and geochemical processes remain stable. Therefore, many Pahute Mesa fractures represent stable hydrologic pathways over million-year timescales. A smaller number of samples have non-steady-state compositions indicating transient conditions in the last several hundred thousand years. In these cases, Umobility is dominated by overall gains rather than losses of U. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Paces, James B.] US Geol Survey, Geol & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Nichols, Paul J.; Rajaram, Harihar] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Neymark, Leonid A.] US Geol Survey, Mineral & Environm Resources Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Paces, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS963, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jbpaces@usgs.gov; paul.nichols@colorado.edu; lneymark@usgs.gov;
hari@colorado.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-NA0001654]; Department of Energy, National
Nuclear Security Administration
FX This study was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy under Interagency
Agreement DE-NA0001654 with the Department of Energy, National Nuclear
Security Administration. The authors wish to thank Loretta Kwak for
conducting REE ICP-MS analyses and Joseph Fenelon, Irene Farnham, Nicole
DeNovio, Aaron Pietruszka, and two anonymous journal reviewers for
constructive technical reviews. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 81
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U1 4
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
EI 1878-5999
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD NOV 4
PY 2013
VL 358
BP 101
EP 118
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.08.043
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 246XC
UT WOS:000326573500010
ER
PT J
AU Long, JM
AF Long, James M.
TI Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish: The Second
International Symposium
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Long, James M.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Long, JM (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
NR 3
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U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD NOV 4
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 10
BP 462
EP 462
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.833508
PG 1
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 236PI
UT WOS:000325810800009
ER
PT J
AU Holomuzki, JR
Furey, PC
Lowe, RL
Power, ME
AF Holomuzki, Joseph R.
Furey, Paula C.
Lowe, Rex L.
Power, Mary E.
TI MICRODISTRIBUTIONAL VARIABILITY OF LARVAL CADDISFLIES IN
MEDITERRANEAN-CLIMATE STREAMS IN NORTHERN CALIFORNIA
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID ASSEMBLAGE STRUCTURE; LEAF-LITTER; FOOD-WEB; TRICHOPTERA; PERIPHYTON;
COMPETITION; RESPONSES; DETRITIVORES; COMMUNITIES; DISTURBANCE
AB Knowing how physical and biogenic habitat characteristics affect microspatial variability of larval caddisflies is important to understanding potential population distributions and local species assemblages. We show that larval caddisfly densities and assemblages vary between study reaches and streams on the Angelo Coast Range Reserve in northern California and that species abundance patterns are associated with specific habitat variables. Dicosmoecus gilvipes and Psychoglypha spp. were most dense in 4th-order reaches of the south fork of the Eel River (SFE) and rare or absent in shallow 2nd- and 1st-order reaches of the Elder and Fox Creek tributaries, respectively. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) suggested D. gilvipes densities were associated with water depth, as microdistributions were restricted to depths >40 cm. Microdistributions were also associated with Rivularia-dominated algal patches, but it is doubtful grazing D. gilvipes tracked these cyanobacteria. Psychoglypha spp. were typically found between roughness elements (stones) in relatively deep waters, and MDS suggested that densities of Psychoglypha spp. were related to current velocity. Lepidostoma sp. was densest in Fox Creek, and densities of this detritivore were associated with benthic organic matter (BOM). Glossosoma spp. densities were similar among streams (similar to 25 larvae . m(-2)) and did not configure around any of the habitat variables used in MDS. Neophylax (likely rickeri), Heteroplectron, Ecclisomyia, and Hydatophylax hesperus were uncommon and found only in either Elder or Fox creeks. Our work shows that larval caddisfly assemblages are more diverse in SFE tributaries than in the mainstem and that species traits and microdistributions are related to local-scale habitat variables in these Mediterranean-climate streams.
C1 [Holomuzki, Joseph R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Mansfield, OH 44906 USA.
[Furey, Paula C.] St Catherine Univ, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA.
[Lowe, Rex L.] Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA.
[Power, Mary E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Holomuzki, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Water Resources, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jholomuzki@usgs.gov
FU NSF [NSF-DEB 0950016]
FX We thank Mike Limm for sharing his knowledge of the caddisflies of the
Angelo Coast Range Reserve, Jo Ann Gronberg for drawing Fig. 1, and 2
anonymous reviewers and Dave Lightfoot for improving the manuscript.
Paula Furey was partly supported by an NSF grant (NSF-DEB 0950016)
awarded to Jill Welter of St. Catherine University.
NR 46
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PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
EI 1944-8341
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 73
IS 3
BP 261
EP 269
DI 10.3398/064.073.0304
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM6GE
UT WOS:000339960600001
ER
PT J
AU Jezorek, IG
Connolly, PJ
AF Jezorek, Ian G.
Connolly, Patrick J.
TI DISTRIBUTION AND MOVEMENT OF BIG SPRING SPINEDACE (LEPIDOMEDA
MOLLISPINIS PRATENSIS) IN CONDOR CANYON, MEADOW VALLEY WASH, NEVADA
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID INTEGRATED TRANSPONDER TAGS; COLORADO SPINEDACE; RIVER SPINEDACE; SMALL
STREAMS; WHITE RIVER; PIT TAGS; FISH; GROWTH; PERFORMANCE; SURVIVAL
AB Big Spring spinedace (Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis) is a cyprinid whose entire population occurs within a section of Meadow Valley Wash, Nevada. Other spinedace species have suffered population and range declines (one species is extinct). Managers, concerned about the vulnerability of Big Spring spinedace, have considered habitat restoration actions or translocation, but they have lacked data on distribution or habitat use. Our study occurred in an 8.2-km section of Meadow Valley Wash, including about 7.2 km in Condor Canyon and 0.8 km upstream of the canyon. Big Spring spinedace were present upstream of the currently listed critical habitat, including in the tributary Kill Wash. We found no Big Spring spinedace in the lower 3.3 km of Condor Canyon. We tagged Big Spring spinedace >= 70 mm fork length (range 70-103 mm) with passive integrated transponder tags during October 2008 (n = 100) and March 2009 (n = 103) to document movement. At least 47 of these individuals moved from their release location (up to 2 km). Thirty-nine individuals moved to Kill Wash or the confluence area with Meadow Valley Wash. Ninety-three percent of movement occurred in spring 2009. Fish moved both upstream and downstream. We found no movement downstream over a small waterfall at river km 7.9 and recorded only one fish that moved downstream over Delmue Falls (a 12-m drop) at river km 6.1. At the time of tagging, there was no significant difference in fork length or condition between Big Spring Spinedace that were later detected moving and those not detected moving. We found no significant difference in fork length or condition at time of tagging of Big Spring spinedace = 70 mm fork length that were detected moving and those not detected moving. Kill Wash and its confluence area appeared important to Big Spring spinedace; connectivity with these areas may be key to species persistence. These areas may provide a habitat template for restoration or translocation. The lower 3.3 km of Meadow Valley Wash in Condor Canyon may be a good candidate section for habitat restoration actions.
C1 [Jezorek, Ian G.; Connolly, Patrick J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Jezorek, IG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM ijezorek@usgs.gov
NR 32
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U1 0
U2 3
PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
EI 1944-8341
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 73
IS 3
BP 323
EP 336
DI 10.3398/064.073.0306
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM6GE
UT WOS:000339960600005
ER
PT J
AU von Hippel, FA
Smayda, LC
Zimmerman, CE
Bell, MA
AF von Hippel, Frank A.
Smayda, Lauren C.
Zimmerman, Christian E.
Bell, Michael A.
TI Validation of daily growth increments in otoliths to age threespine
stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
SO EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE otolith; sagitta; daily growth increments; age determination
ID 3-SPINED STICKLEBACK; FISH OTOLITHS; LARVAL FISH; EVOLUTION;
POPULATIONS; REDUCTION; ALASKA; MICROSTRUCTURE; SELECTION; PARALLEL
AB Hypothesis: Threespine stickleback deposit daily growth increments in their otoliths.
Organism: Anadromous threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from Rabbit Slough, Alaska.
Methods: We reared stickleback from an in vitro cross for 95 days in a large outdoor pool and analysed the sagittae of specimens from weekly samples.
Results: Putative daily growth increments in otoliths were significantly correlated with true age in days (r = 0.97). Other relationships, such as those between age and otolith radius (r = 0.72), and between standard length and number of increments (r = 0.63) or otolith radius (r = 0.51), were also significant though not as strong.
Conclusions: These data are consistent with published results for resident freshwater threespine stickleback from Great Britain, a different clade, continent, latitude, ecological system, and fish life history. Ageing young-of-the-year threespine stickleback with daily growth increments in their otoliths thus appears to be possible for distantly related populations with different life histories and locations. Daily growth increments in the otoliths of young stickleback provide a powerful tool for investigating life-history evolution or any subject that employs precise age as a covariate, since age of wild-caught fish can be associated with a suite of fitness measures, phenotypes, or genotypes.
C1 [von Hippel, Frank A.; Smayda, Lauren C.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Zimmerman, Christian E.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Bell, Michael A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP von Hippel, FA (reprint author), Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM favonhippel@uaa.alaska.edu
OI Zimmerman, Christian/0000-0002-3646-0688
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0320076, 0422687, 0522059, 0618551, DEB
0211391, DEB 0322818]
FX We thank Jenifer Rollins, Andrew Hendry, and anonymous reviewers for
helpful comments on the manuscript. Stickleback were collected under
Alaska Department of Fish and Game permits SF-2001-062 and SF-2006-017.
All work was approved by the UAA IACUC. This work was supported by
National Science Foundation grants DEB 0320076, 0422687, 0522059, and
0618551 to F. A. vH., DEB 0211391 to M. A. B., and DEB 0322818 to M. A.
B. and F.J. Rohlf. Use of trade, product or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government. This is contribution 1229 from Ecology and Evolution at
Stony Brook University.
NR 47
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U1 2
U2 12
PU EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY LTD
PI TUCSON
PA UNIV ARIZONA, 321 BIOSCIENCES WEST, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA
SN 1522-0613
EI 1937-3791
J9 EVOL ECOL RES
JI Evol. Ecol. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 15
IS 8
BP 947
EP 957
PG 11
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA AL2VE
UT WOS:000338982900007
ER
PT J
AU Draut, AE
Rubin, DM
AF Draut, Amy E.
Rubin, David M.
TI ASSESSING GRAIN-SIZE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN FLOW AND DEPOSITS OF
CONTROLLED FLOODS IN THE COLORADO RIVER, USA
SO JOURNAL OF SEDIMENTARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID GLEN CANYON DAM; GRAND-CANYON; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; PALEOFLOOD HYDROLOGY;
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; SUPPLY LIMITATION; SAND TRANSPORT; ARIZONA; RECORD;
EVOLUTION
AB Flood-deposited sediment has been used to decipher environmental parameters such as variability in watershed sediment supply, paleoflood hydrology, and channel morphology. It is not well known, however, how accurately the deposits reflect sedimentary processes within the flow, and hence what sampling intensity is needed to decipher records of recent or long-past conditions. We examine these problems using deposits from dam-regulated floods in the Colorado River corridor through Marble Canyon Grand Canyon, Arizona, U.S.A., in which steady-peaked floods represent a simple end-member case. For these simple floods, most deposits show inverse grading that reflects coarsening suspended sediment (a result of fine-sediment-supply limitation), but there is enough eddy-scale variability that some profiles show normal grading that did not reflect grain-size evolution in the flow as a whole. To infer systemwide grain-size evolution in modern or ancient depositional systems requires sampling enough deposit profiles that the standard error of the mean of grain-size-change measurements becomes small relative to the magnitude of observed changes. For simple, steady-peaked floods, 5-10 profiles or fewer may suffice to characterize grain-size trends robustly, but many more samples may be needed from deposits with greater variability in their grain-size evolution.
C1 [Draut, Amy E.; Rubin, David M.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Draut, AE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM adraut@usgs.gov
OI East, Amy/0000-0002-9567-9460
FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation through the U.S. Geological Survey (Grand
Canyon Monitoring and Research Center)
FX This study was supported by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation through the
U.S. Geological Survey (Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center).
Fieldwork was conducted with permission from the National Park Service
and the Hualapai Tribe. The authors thank E.A. Hajek, T.S. Melis, J.C.
Schmidt, D.J. Topping, and S.A. Wright for valuable discussions. R.
Mazumder, R. Sinha, J.A. Warrick, and one anonymous reviewer provided
comments that improved the manuscript.
NR 67
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 17
PU SEPM-SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
PI TULSA
PA 6128 EAST 38TH ST, STE 308, TULSA, OK 74135-5814 USA
SN 1527-1404
EI 1938-3681
J9 J SEDIMENT RES
JI J. Sediment. Res.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 83
IS 11-12
BP 963
EP 974
DI 10.2110/jsr.2013.79
PG 12
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AC4OS
UT WOS:000332501200005
ER
PT J
AU Geboy, NJ
Kaufman, AJ
Walker, RJ
Misi, A
de Oliviera, TF
Miller, KE
Azmy, K
Kendall, B
Poulton, SW
AF Geboy, Nicholas J.
Kaufman, Alan J.
Walker, Richard J.
Misi, Aroldo
de Oliviera, Tolentino Flavio
Miller, Kristen E.
Azmy, Karem
Kendall, Brian
Poulton, Simon W.
TI Re-Os age constraints and new observations of Proterozoic glacial
deposits in the Vazante Group, Brazil
SO PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Vazante Group; Mesoproterozoic glaciation; Re-Os geochronology;
Fe-speciation
ID SAO-FRANCISCO BASIN; NEOPROTEROZOIC SNOWBALL EARTH; ISOTOPIC
COMPOSITION; SOUTH-AMERICA; BAMBUI-GROUP; BLACK SHALE; WESTERN CANADA;
ORGANIC-CARBON; BRASILIA BELT; U-PB
AB A new Re-Os radiometric age date for an organic-rich shale horizon from the Vazante Group in Brazil, coupled with geological observations, provide evidence for late Mesoproterozoic glacial episodes, conflicting with the general view of greenhouse conditions marked by a eustatic high stand at this time. Field observations of a reverse fault juxtaposing older Mesoproterozoic sedimentary rocks above younger Neoproterozoic strata provide a new stratigraphic framework and reconcile the apparent inversion of U-Pb detrital zircon ages through the succession. Combined, the geochronological, geochemical and stratigraphic evidence suggest that the Vazante Group sediments accumulated along a passive margin of the Sao Francisco craton and are correlative with the neighboring Paranoa Group. Biomarker, sulfur isotope and iron speciation analyses support the interpretation of a strongly stratified water column during post-glacial transgression and deposition of one of the bituminous shale horizons. The relationship of the glaciogenic Vazante Group to other late Mesoproterozoic successions, such as the non-glacial Atar Group in West Africa and Bylot Supergroup in arctic Canada, however, remains enigmatic. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Geboy, Nicholas J.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Kaufman, Alan J.; Walker, Richard J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kaufman, Alan J.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Misi, Aroldo] Univ Fed Bahia CPGG UFBA, Ctr Pesquisa Geofis & Geol, BR-40170290 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
[Miller, Kristen E.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Azmy, Karem] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Earth Sci, St John, NF A1B 3X5, Canada.
[Kendall, Brian] Univ Waterloo, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Poulton, Simon W.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
RP Geboy, NJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM ngeboy@usgs.gov
RI Walker, Richard/K-6869-2016
OI Walker, Richard/0000-0003-0348-2407
FU National Science Foundation; National Research Council of Brazil [CNPq
46416/2006-2]
FX The authors wish to thank Kristina Bartlett Brody and Natalie Sievers at
the University of Maryland for assistance with analyses and Julio Pinho
for help in the field. We also thank Votorantim Metais for access to the
drill core samples. This work was partly funded by the National Science
Foundation and the National Research Council of Brazil (CNPq
46416/2006-2). Comments from Ruth Schulte and Jim Coleman of the USGS,
Julie Bartley, Linda Kah and Geoff Gilleaudeau, as well as two anonymous
reviewers appointed by the journal greatly improved this paper. Any use
of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 77
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0301-9268
EI 1872-7433
J9 PRECAMBRIAN RES
JI Precambrian Res.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 238
BP 199
EP 213
DI 10.1016/j.precamres.2013.10.010
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AA0WT
UT WOS:000330818800015
ER
PT J
AU Stone, WW
Crawford, CG
Gilliom, RJ
AF Stone, Wesley W.
Crawford, Charles G.
Gilliom, Robert J.
TI Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) Models for Predicting Stream
Concentrations of Multiple Pesticides
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID DISTRIBUTIONAL PARAMETERS; HERBICIDE TRANSPORT; CENSORED-DATA; QUALITY
DATA; ATRAZINE
AB Watershed Regressions for Pesticides for multiple pesticides (WARP-MP) are statistical models developed to predict concentration statistics for a wide range of pesticides in unmonitored streams. The WARP-MP models use the national atrazine WARP models in conjunction with an adjustment factor for each additional pesticide. The WARP-MP models perform best for pesticides with application timing and methods similar to those used with atrazine. For other pesticides, WARP-MP models tend to overpredict concentration statistics for the model development sites. For WARP and WARP-MP, the less-than-ideal sampling frequency for the model development sites leads to underestimation of the shorter-duration concentration; hence, the WARP models tend to underpredict 4- and 21-d maximum moving-average concentrations, with median errors ranging from 9 to 38% As a result of this sampling bias, pesticides that performed well with the model development sites are expected to have predictions that are biased low for these shorter-duration concentration statistics. The overprediction by WARP-MP apparent for some of the pesticides is variably offset by underestimation of the model development concentration statistics. Of the 112 pesticides used in the WARP-MP application to stream segments nationwide, 25 were predicted to have concentration statistics with a 50% or greater probability of exceeding one or more aquatic life benchmarks in one or more stream segments. Geographically, many of the modeled streams in the Corn Belt Region were predicted to have one or more pesticides that exceeded an aquatic life benchmark during 2009, indicating the potential vulnerability of streams in this region.
C1 [Stone, Wesley W.; Crawford, Charles G.] US Geol Survey, Indianapolis, IN 46278 USA.
[Gilliom, Robert J.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
RP Stone, WW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 5957 Lakeside Blvd, Indianapolis, IN 46278 USA.
EM wwstone@usgs.gov
OI Crawford, Charles/0000-0003-1653-7841
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
EI 1537-2537
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 42
IS 6
BP 1838
EP 1851
DI 10.2134/jeq2013.05.0179
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 300KJ
UT WOS:000330462500024
PM 25602424
ER
PT J
AU Forghani-Arani, F
Willis, M
Haines, SS
Batzle, M
Behura, J
Davidson, M
AF Forghani-Arani, Farnoush
Willis, Mark
Haines, Seth S.
Batzle, Mike
Behura, Jyoti
Davidson, Michael
TI An effective noise-suppression technique for surface microseismic data
SO GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB The presence of strong surface-wave noise in surface microseismic data may decrease the utility of these data. We implement a technique, based on the distinct characteristics that microseismic signal and noise show in the tau-p domain, to suppress surface-wave noise in microseismic data. Because most microseismic source mechanisms are deviatoric, preprocessing is necessary to correct for the nonuniform radiation pattern prior to transforming the data to the tau-p domain. We employ a scanning approach, similar to semblance analysis, to test all possible double-couple orientations to determine an estimated orientation that best accounts for the polarity pattern of any microseismic events. We then correct the polarity of the data traces according to this pattern, prior to conducting signal-noise separation in the tau-p domain. We apply our noise-suppression technique to two surface passive-seismic data sets from different acquisition surveys. The first data set includes a synthetic microseismic event added to field passive noise recorded by an areal receiver array distributed over a Barnett Formation reservoir undergoing hydraulic fracturing. The second data set is field microseismic data recorded by receivers arranged in a star-shaped array, over a Bakken Shale reservoir during a hydraulic-fracturing process. Our technique significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratios of the microseismic events and preserves the waveforms at the individual traces. We illustrate that the enhancement in signal-to-noise ratio also results in improved imaging of the microseismic hypocenter.
C1 [Forghani-Arani, Farnoush; Batzle, Mike; Behura, Jyoti] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Willis, Mark] Halliburton, Houston, TX USA.
[Haines, Seth S.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Davidson, Michael] Conoco Phillips, Houston, TX USA.
RP Forghani-Arani, F (reprint author), MicroSeismic Inc, Denver, CO 80293 USA.
EM fforghan@mines.edu; mark_e_willis@hotmail.com; shaines@usgs.gov;
mbatzle@mines.edu; jbehura@mines.edu;
Michael.Davidson@conocophillips.com
FU Department of Energy [DE-GF36-08G018195]
FX We thank the Department of Energy for the financial support under
contract number DE-GF36-08G018195. We are thankful to ConocoPhillips for
providing the passive seismic data, especially Arcangelo Sena for his
support. We are also grateful to Whiting Oil and Gas for providing the
field microseismic data, especially Jeffrey Ross for his support. We
would like to thank Mike Thornton for his help to understand the
microseismic data and his technical discussion. We thank Roel Snieder
for his valuable suggestions and discussions. We also thank Steve Smith
for his support and technical discussions, and John Stockwell and Paul
Martin for their help with the clarification of the mathematics of tau-p
transform. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 17
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 0016-8033
EI 1942-2156
J9 GEOPHYSICS
JI Geophysics
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 78
IS 6
BP KS85
EP KS95
DI 10.1190/GEO2012-0502.1
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 296ZH
UT WOS:000330223800029
ER
PT J
AU Salzmann, U
Dolan, AM
Haywood, AM
Chan, WL
Voss, J
Hill, DJ
Abe-Ouchi, A
Otto-Bliesner, B
Bragg, FJ
Chandler, MA
Contoux, C
Dowsett, HJ
Jost, A
Kamae, Y
Lohmann, G
Lunt, DJ
Pickering, SJ
Pound, MJ
Ramstein, G
Rosenbloom, NA
Sohl, L
Stepanek, C
Ueda, H
Zhang, ZS
AF Salzmann, Ulrich
Dolan, Aisling M.
Haywood, Alan M.
Chan, Wing-Le
Voss, Jochen
Hill, Daniel J.
Abe-Ouchi, Ayako
Otto-Bliesner, Bette
Bragg, Frances J.
Chandler, Mark A.
Contoux, Camille
Dowsett, Harry J.
Jost, Anne
Kamae, Youichi
Lohmann, Gerrit
Lunt, Daniel J.
Pickering, Steven J.
Pound, Matthew J.
Ramstein, Gilles
Rosenbloom, Nan A.
Sohl, Linda
Stepanek, Christian
Ueda, Hiroaki
Zhang, Zhongshi
TI Challenges in quantifying Pliocene terrestrial warming revealed by
data-model discord
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID POLAR AMPLIFICATION; MIDDLE PLIOCENE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RECONSTRUCTION;
TEMPERATURE; VEGETATION; OCEAN
AB Comparing simulations of key warm periods in Earth history with contemporaneous geological proxy data is a useful approach for evaluating the ability of climate models to simulate warm, high-CO2 climates that are unprecedented in the more recent past(1-3). Here we use a global data set of confidence-assessed, proxy-based temperature estimates and biome reconstructions to assess the ability of eight models to simulate warm terrestrial climates of the Pliocene epoch. The Late Pliocene, 3.6-2.6 million years ago, is an accessible geological interval to understand climate processes of a warmer world(4). We show that model-predicted surface air temperatures reveal a substantial cold bias in the Northern Hemisphere. Particularly strong data-model mismatches in mean annual temperatures (up to 18 degrees C) exist in northern Russia. Our model sensitivity tests identify insufficient temporal constraints hampering the accurate configuration of model boundary conditions as an important factor impacting on data-model discrepancies. We conclude that to allow a more robust evaluation of the ability of present climate models to predict warm climates, future Pliocene data-model comparison studies should focus on orbitally defined time slices(5).
C1 [Salzmann, Ulrich] Northumbria Univ, Fac Engn & Environm, Dept Geog, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Dolan, Aisling M.; Haywood, Alan M.; Pickering, Steven J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Chan, Wing-Le; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako] Univ Tokyo, Atmosphere & Ocean Res Inst, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778564, Japan.
[Voss, Jochen] Univ Leeds, Sch Math, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Hill, Daniel J.] British Geol Survey, Nottingham NG12 5GG, England.
[Abe-Ouchi, Ayako] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan.
[Otto-Bliesner, Bette; Rosenbloom, Nan A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bragg, Frances J.; Lunt, Daniel J.] Univ Bristol, Sch Geol Sci, Bristol BS8 1SS, Avon, England.
[Chandler, Mark A.; Sohl, Linda] Columbia Univ, NASA GISS, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Contoux, Camille; Ramstein, Gilles] CNRS CEA UVSQ, LSCE IPSL, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Contoux, Camille; Jost, Anne] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Sisyphe, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Dowsett, Harry J.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Kamae, Youichi; Ueda, Hiroaki] Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
[Lohmann, Gerrit; Stepanek, Christian] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Zhang, Zhongshi] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Zhongshi] Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.
RP Salzmann, U (reprint author), Northumbria Univ, Fac Engn & Environm, Dept Geog, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne & Wear, England.
EM Ulrich.Salzmann@northumbria.ac.uk
RI Kamae, Youichi/L-6694-2013; Voss, Jochen/F-9638-2012; Lunt,
Daniel/G-9451-2011; Ramstein, Gilles/L-3328-2014; Zhang,
Zhongshi/L-2891-2013; Bragg, Fran/C-6198-2015;
OI Pound, Matthew/0000-0001-8029-9548; Hill, Daniel/0000-0001-5492-3925;
Abe-Ouchi, Ayako/0000-0003-1745-5952; Kamae,
Youichi/0000-0003-0461-5718; Voss, Jochen/0000-0002-2323-3814; Lunt,
Daniel/0000-0003-3585-6928; Ramstein, Gilles/0000-0002-1522-917X; Zhang,
Zhongshi/0000-0002-2354-1622; Bragg, Fran/0000-0002-8179-4214; Dolan,
Aisling/0000-0002-9585-9648; Lohmann, Gerrit/0000-0003-2089-733X;
Dowsett, Harry/0000-0003-1983-7524
FU Natural Environment Research Council, NERC [NE/I016287/1]; European
Research Council under the European Union [278636]; NERC [NE/H006273/1];
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Leverhulme Trust; National
Centre for Atmospheric Science; British Geological Survey; Helmholtz
research programme PACES; Helmholtz Climate Initiative REKLIM; Helmholtz
Graduate School for Polar and Marine Research; REKLIM; US National
Science Foundation; National Science Foundation
FX Financial support was provided by grants to U.S. and A.M.H. from the
Natural Environment Research Council, NERC (NE/I016287/1). A.M.D. and
A.M.H. acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council
under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme
(FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 278636. D.J.L. and F.J.B.
acknowledge the NERC grant NE/H006273/1. U.S., A.M.D., H.J.D. and A.M.H.
thank the US Geological Survey John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis
and Synthesis. W-L.C. and A.A-O. acknowledge financial support from the
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and computing resources at
the Earth Simulator Center, JAMSTEC. H.J.D. acknowledges the continued
support of the US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research
and Development Program; D.J.H. acknowledges the Leverhulme Trust for
the award of an Early Career Fellowship and the National Centre for
Atmospheric Science and the British Geological Survey for financial
support. G.L. received financial support through the Helmholtz research
programme PACES and the Helmholtz Climate Initiative REKLIM. C.S.
acknowledges financial support from the Helmholtz Graduate School for
Polar and Marine Research and from REKLIM. B.O-B. and N.A.R. recognize
the National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the US
National Science Foundation and computing resources were provided by the
Climate Simulation Laboratory at the National Center for Atmospheric
Research's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory sponsored by
the National Science Foundation and other agencies.
NR 27
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 5
U2 32
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 11
BP 969
EP 974
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2008
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 295OJ
UT WOS:000330125100015
ER
PT J
AU Wang, GD
Middleton, B
Jiang, M
AF Wang, Guodong
Middleton, Beth
Jiang, Ming
TI Restoration Potential of Sedge Meadows in Hand-Cultivated Soybean Fields
in Northeastern China
SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Carex tussock; peatland restoration;
propagule bank; Sanjiang Plain; seed
bank; water regime
ID NATURAL PRAIRIE WETLANDS; SOIL SEED BANKS; SPECIES RICHNESS; VEGETATION;
DYNAMICS; ESTABLISHMENT; REQUIREMENTS; REGENERATION; TUSSOCKS; GRADIENT
AB Sedge meadows can be difficult to restore from farmed fields if key structural dominants are missing from propagule banks. In hand-cultivated soybean fields in northeastern China, we asked if tussock-forming Carex and other wetland species were present as seed or asexual propagules. In the Sanjiang Plain, China, we compared the seed banks, vegetative propagules (below-ground) and standing vegetation of natural and restored sedge meadows, and hand-cultivated soybean fields in drained and flooded conditions. We found that important wetland species survived cultivation as seeds for some time (e.g. Calamogrostis angustifolia and Potamogeton crispus) and as field weeds (e.g. C. angustifolia and Phragmites australis). Key structural species were missing in these fields, for example, Carex meyeriana. We also observed that sedge meadows restored without planting or seeding lacked tussock-forming sedges. The structure of the seed bank was related to experimental water regime, and field environments of tussock height, thatch depth, and presence of burning as based on Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling analysis. To re-establish the structure imposed by tussock sedges, specific technologies might be developed to encourage the development of tussocks in restored sedge meadows.
C1 [Wang, Guodong; Jiang, Ming] Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol NEIGAE, Changchun, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Guodong] Grad Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
[Middleton, Beth] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Middleton, B (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM middletonb@usgs.gov
OI Middleton, Beth/0000-0002-1220-2326
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [D41271106]; CAS/SAFEA
International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams
FX Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Funding for
the project came from the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(grant # D41271106) and CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for
Creative Research Teams. Don Schoolmaster and Darren Johnson gave
statistical advice. Also thanks to reviewers for advice on earlier
drafts of the manuscript.
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1061-2971
EI 1526-100X
J9 RESTOR ECOL
JI Restor. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 6
BP 801
EP 808
DI 10.1111/rec.12015
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 295OP
UT WOS:000330125700018
ER
PT J
AU Celebi, M
Sereci, M
Boroschek, R
Carreno, R
Bonelli, P
AF Celebi, Mehmet
Sereci, Mark
Boroschek, Ruben
Carreno, Rodrigo
Bonelli, Patricio
TI Identifying the Dynamic Characteristics of a Dual Core-Wall and Frame
Building in Chile Using Aftershocks of the 27 February 2010 (M-w=8.8)
Maule, Chile, Earthquake
SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA
LA English
DT Article
ID APPARENT PERIODS
AB Following the 27 February 2010 (M-w = 8.8) Offshore Maule, Chile earthquake, a temporary, 16-channel, real-time data streaming array was installed in a recently constructed building in Villa del Mar to capture its responses to aftershocks. The cast-in-place, reinforced concrete building is 16 stories high, with 3 additional basement levels, and has dual system comprising multiple structural walls and perimeter frames. This building was not damaged during the main-shock, but other buildings of similar design in Villa del Mar and other parts of Chile were damaged, although none collapsed. Dynamic characteristics of the building identified from the low-amplitude (PGA of about 2 Gal) response recordings of aftershocks are found to compare well with those determined from modal analyses using a design level FEM model. Distinct "major-axes" translational and torsional fundamental frequencies, as well as frequencies of secondary modes, are identified. Evidence of beating is consistently observed in the response data for each earthquake. Results do not match well with U.S. code formulas.
C1 [Celebi, Mehmet] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Sereci, Mark] Digitexx Data Syst Inc, Scottsdale, AZ 85260 USA.
[Boroschek, Ruben; Carreno, Rodrigo] Univ Chile, Dept Civil Engn, Santiago, Chile.
[Bonelli, Patricio] UTFSM, Valparaiso, Chile.
RP Celebi, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RI Boroschek, Ruben/H-6195-2013
OI Boroschek, Ruben/0000-0003-2253-2334
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST
PI OAKLAND
PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA
SN 8755-2930
EI 1944-8201
J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA
JI Earthq. Spectra
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP 1233
EP 1254
DI 10.1193/011812EQS012M
PG 22
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA 292GZ
UT WOS:000329891500005
ER
PT J
AU Seyhan, E
Stewart, JP
Graves, RW
AF Seyhan, Emel
Stewart, Jonathan P.
Graves, Robert W.
TI Calibration of a Semi-Stochastic Procedure for Simulating High-Frequency
Ground Motions
SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; AVERAGE HORIZONTAL COMPONENT; BAND SYNTHETIC
SEISMOGRAMS; 1994 NORTHRIDGE EARTHQUAKE; RESPONSE SPECTRA; TIME
HISTORIES; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; RUPTURE SIMULATIONS; GREENS-FUNCTIONS;
POINT-SOURCE
AB Broadband ground motion simulation procedures typically utilize physics-based modeling at low frequencies, coupled with semi-stochastic procedures at high frequencies. The high-frequency procedure considered here combines deterministic Fourier amplitude spectra (dependent on source, path, and site models) with random phase. Previous work showed that high-frequency intensity measures from this simulation methodology attenuate faster with distance and have lower intra-event dispersion than in empirical equations. We address these issues by increasing crustal damping (Q) to reduce distance attenuation bias and by introducing random site-to-site variations to Fourier amplitudes using a lognormal standard deviation ranging from 0.45 for M-w < 7 to zero for M-w 8. Ground motions simulated with the updated parameterization exhibit significantly reduced distance attenuation bias and revised dispersion terms are more compatible with those from empirical models but remain lower at large distances (e.g., > 100 km).
C1 [Seyhan, Emel; Stewart, Jonathan P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Civil & Environ Engrg Dept, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Graves, Robert W.] US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
RP Seyhan, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Civil & Environ Engrg Dept, 5731 Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM eseyhan@ucla.edu; jstewart@seas.ucla.edu; rwgraves@usgs.gov
FU Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) [6924]; Southern
California Earthquake Center (SCEC)
FX The work was supported by a grant from the Pacific Earthquake
Engineering Research Center (PEER) Transportation program under award
number SA#6924. The third author was partially supported by a grant from
the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC). The repeat of the
large-scale ShakeOut simulation was run at USC's Center for
High-Performance Computing and Communications (http://www.usc.edu/hpcc)
under an agreement with the SCEC CME project. Any opinions, findings,
and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those
of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the National
Science Foundation, USGS, or PEER. We would like to express our
gratitude to Gail M. Atkinson, David M. Boore, Ken W. Hudnut, and Martin
Mai for their constructive and insightful review comments.
NR 52
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST
PI OAKLAND
PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA
SN 8755-2930
EI 1944-8201
J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA
JI Earthq. Spectra
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP 1495
EP 1519
DI 10.1193/122211EQS312M
PG 25
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA 292GZ
UT WOS:000329891500017
ER
PT J
AU Tollner, EW
Douglas-Mankin, KR
AF Tollner, E. W.
Douglas-Mankin, K. R.
TI INTERNATIONAL WATERSHED TECHNOLOGY: SOLVING SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL WATER
QUALITY AND QUANTITY PROBLEMS
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE
LA English
DT Article
DE Data mining; Modeling; Research; Water quality; Water quantity
ID SELECTION METHODS
AB This article introduces a collection of papers from the third biennial ASABE 21st Century Watershed Technology Conference and Workshop: Improving Water Quality and the Environment, held in Bari, Italy, on 26-31 May 2012. This Special Collection consists of seven articles (plus one published previously) selected from the 59 meeting papers. The technical presentations at the conference focused on solving spatial and temporal water quality and quantity problems and addressed topics such as watershed management in developing countries, water quality standards, agricultural best management practice (BMP) effectiveness, emerging problems, impact of extreme weather conditions, biological monitoring, increasing stakeholder involvement, political and economic implications, watershed implementation planning, forest and rangeland water quality issues, and water resources education. At first glance, these topics seem quite diverse. However, a growing trend in cutting-edge hydrological science research, and a thread that emerged from these papers, is that of "data mining." In this article, we make an editorial statement that briefly introduces the basic principles of data mining and uses this concept as an organizing theme to feature eight articles of this Special Collection.
C1 [Tollner, E. W.] Univ Georgia, Driftmier Engn Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Douglas-Mankin, K. R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Everglades Program Team, Arthur R Marshall Loxahatchee Natl Wildlife Refug, Boynton Beach, FL USA.
RP Tollner, EW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Driftmier Engn Ctr, Room 115, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM btollner@engr.uga.edu
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 2151-0032
EI 2151-0040
J9 T ASABE
JI Trans. ASABE
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 56
IS 6
BP 1353
EP 1356
PG 4
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 288HQ
UT WOS:000329603000010
ER
PT J
AU Wielgus, RB
Morrison, DE
Cooley, HS
Maletzke, B
AF Wielgus, Robert B.
Morrison, Dana Eleanor
Cooley, Hilary S.
Maletzke, Ben
TI Effects of male trophy hunting on female carnivore population growth and
persistence
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Hunting; Cougars; Population growth; Compensatory mortality; Additive
mortality; Depensatory mortality
ID ADULT MALE MORTALITY; HUNTED POPULATION; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS;
COMPENSATORY MORTALITY; SOUTHWESTERN ALBERTA; SEXUAL SEGREGATION; COUGAR
DEMOGRAPHY; GRIZZLY BEARS; CONSERVATION; SURVIVAL
AB Carnivore populations are often managed based on the density dependent, compensatory mortality model, which suggests that trophy hunting of males causes an increase in female reproductive success, survival, and population growth. Our previous research on grizzly bears (Ursus acrtos) and cougars (Puma concolor) showed that increased mortality of males resulted in no net reduction in males due to increased immigration. Female reproduction and survival did not increase with male mortality. That research suggested that female demographics are additive to male mortality and might even be depensatory (inversely compensatory), whereby increased male immigration and infanticide may be associated with decreased female reproductive success, survival, and population growth. In this paper we test the compensatory, additive, and depensatory hypotheses by censoring female hunting deaths and plausible kitten infanticides from two independent cougar populations. The previously observed lack of compensatory demographics allowed us to censor deaths in this manner. The lightly hunted population (male hunting mortality = 0.16) had a female population growth rate of 1.05. With female mortality from hunting removed the growth rate increased to 1.14. The heavily hunted population (male hunting mortality = 0.35) had a female population growth rate of 0.78. With infanticide removed the growth rate increased to 0.89. With hunting mortality of females removed, the growth rate increased to 0.98. With both female mortalities and infanticide removed, the growth rate increased to 1.14. Light hunting of males (no net male immigration) decreased female population growth in an additive manner and heavy hunting of males (increased net male immigration) decreased female population growth in a depensatory manner. We reject the compensatory mortality hypothesis, and suggest that hunting of male carnivores has a negative additive or depensatory effect on female population growth depending on the intensity of male mortality. We recommend that hunting of polygnous carnivores not exceed their intrinsic growth rates to forestall excessive compensatory male immigration and infanticide. The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife instituted a new "equilibrium" hunting management plan (hunting mortality < 14%/year) for cougars in 2013 based on our findings and recommendations. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wielgus, Robert B.; Morrison, Dana Eleanor] Washington State Univ, Large Carnivore Conservat Lab, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Cooley, Hilary S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Boise, ID USA.
[Maletzke, Ben] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
RP Wielgus, RB (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Large Carnivore Conservat Lab, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM wielgus@wsu.edu
NR 44
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 13
U2 89
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 167
BP 69
EP 75
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.07.008
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 277FL
UT WOS:000328804300009
ER
PT J
AU Wang, CS
Scott, RW
Wan, XQ
Graham, SA
Huang, YJ
Wang, PJ
Wu, HC
Dean, WE
Zhang, LM
AF Wang, Chengshan
Scott, Robert W.
Wan, Xiaoqiao
Graham, Stephan A.
Huang, Yongjian
Wang, Pujun
Wu, Huaichun
Dean, Walter E.
Zhang, Laiming
TI Late Cretaceous climate changes recorded in Eastern Asian lacustrine
deposits and North American Epieric sea strata
SO EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Late Cretaceous; Paleoclimate; Western Interior Seaway; Songliao Basin;
Correlation of terrestrial and marine deposits; Greenhouse world
ID CENOMANIAN-TURONIAN BOUNDARY; WESTERN INTERIOR SEAWAY; UNITED-STATES;
SYNOROGENIC SEDIMENTATION; ISOTOPE STRATIGRAPHY; OCEAN CIRCULATION;
MARINE CYCLOTHEM; ORGANIC-MATTER; STABLE-ISOTOPE; SONGLIAO BASIN
AB Cretaceous climate data of the long-lived Cretaceous Songliao Basin (SB) in eastern Asia is correlated and compared with the Western Interior Seaway (WIS) on the northern American plate, in order to understand better the dynamics of the Earth's past 'greenhouse' climates. Nearly continuous Late Cretaceous terrestrial deposition in the Songliao Basin is represented by two cores totaling 2431 m in length. The Turonian-Maastrichtian age of the section is based on integrated stratigraphy, and is comparable in age with Upper Cretaceous strata in the WIS. Being consistent with global trends, the dynamic Late Cretaceous climates of both the SB and WIS gradually cooled from the warmest Albian-Cenomanian time to the end of the Maastrichtian with several intervening warm periods as did the global climate. However regional differences existed, the Songliao Basin climate was humid to semi-humid, warm temperate-subtropical and the Western Interior Seaway was in the humid, warm temperate zone and experienced only moderate climatic changes. The shifts of oxygen isotope data in the Songliao Basin were frequent and abrupt, whereas WIS records more gradual change affected mainly by fresh-water runoff mixing with southern Tethyan and northern Arctic waters. Sedimentary cycles of eccentricity, obliquity and precession bands are recorded in both the SB and WIS basins. The sedimentary cycles in the WIS and SB are interpreted to be related to variations of the wet/dry runoff cycles, which indicate that orbital forcing played an important role in global climate change in Late Cretaceous. The most favorable condition for organic carbon burial in both the SB and WIS basin was bottom water anoxia regardless of the cause of the anoxia. But the organic carbon burial rate was usually much higher in the Songliao Lake than in the WI epeiric sea suggesting that giant lakes may serve as important sinks of atmospheric CO2. In both basins organic-rich deposits formed during a rise in water level and incursion of saline waters. The integration of paleoclimate data from Cretaceous marine deposits and terrestrial sedimentary record will promote our understanding of the Cretaceous 'greenhouse' climate change and may provide insights for a future greenhouse world. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Chengshan; Wan, Xiaoqiao; Huang, Yongjian; Wu, Huaichun; Zhang, Laiming] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Scott, Robert W.] Univ Tulsa, Dept Geosci, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA.
[Graham, Stephan A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Envrironmental Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Wang, Pujun] Jilin Univ, Coll Earth Sci, Changchun 130061, Peoples R China.
[Dean, Walter E.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Wang, Chengshan; Wan, Xiaoqiao; Huang, Yongjian; Wu, Huaichun; Zhang, Laiming] China Univ Geosci, Sch Earth Sci & Resources, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Scott, Robert W.] Precis Stratig Associates, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA.
RP Wang, CS (reprint author), China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM chshwang@cugb.edu.cn; rwscott@cimtel.net
RI Wu, Huaichun/G-3111-2013
FU ICDP; IGCP; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Project)
[2012CB822000]
FX We thank Mr. Timothy J. Horscroft and Mr. Paul B. Wignall for their
encouragement and patient support in the process of preparing this
manuscript. We are grateful for the support by ICDP and IGCP. We would
like to thank B.B. Sageman, who helped clarify the discussion of the WIS
Cenomanian-Turonian cyclostratigraphy. Thanks are also given to W.W. Hay
and L.F. Jansa, who reviewed our manuscript and gave us many useful
comments. We would like to thank the reviewers for the constructive
comments. This study was financially supported by the National Basic
Research Program of China (973 Project) grant no. 2012CB822000.
NR 214
TC 11
Z9 18
U1 8
U2 62
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-8252
EI 1872-6828
J9 EARTH-SCI REV
JI Earth-Sci. Rev.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 126
BP 275
EP 299
DI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.08.016
PG 25
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 278YC
UT WOS:000328924800015
ER
PT J
AU Wallace, CSA
Villarreal, ML
van Riper, C
AF Wallace, Cynthia S. A.
Villarreal, Miguel L.
van Riper, Charles, III
TI Influence of monsoon-related riparian phenology on yellow-billed cuckoo
habitat selection in Arizona
SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE AVHRR-NDVI satellite data; Coccyzus americanus occidentalis;
distribution model; Fourier harmonics; land surface phenology; remote
sensing; riparian habitat; phenotype; USA
ID AVHRR NDVI DATA; MODIS-EVI DATA; VEGETATION INDEXES; HARMONIC-ANALYSIS;
ABUNDANCE
AB AimThe western yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus occidentalis), a Neotropical migrant bird, is facing steep population declines in its western breeding grounds owing primarily to loss of native habitat. The favoured nesting habitat for the cuckoo in the south-western United States is low-elevation riparian forests and woodlands. Our aim was to explore relationships between vegetation phenology patterns captured by satellite phenometrics and the distribution of the yellow-billed cuckoo, and to use this information to map cuckoo habitat.
LocationArizona, USA.
MethodsLand surface phenometrics were derived from satellite Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), bi-weekly time-composite, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data for 1998 and 1999 at a resolution of 1km. Fourier harmonics were used to analyse the waveform of the annual NDVI profile in each pixel. To create the models, we coupled 1998 satellite phenometrics with 1998 field survey data of cuckoo presence or absence and with point data that sampled riparian and cottonwood-willow vegetation types. Our models were verified and refined using field and satellite data collected in 1999.
ResultsThe models reveal that cuckoos prefer areas that experience peak greenness 29days later, are 36% more dynamic and slightly (<1%) more productive than their average cottonwood-willow habitat. The results support a scenario in which cuckoos migrate northwards, following the greening of riparian corridors and surrounding landscapes in response to monsoon precipitation, but then select a nesting site based on optimizing the near-term foraging potential of the neighbourhood.
Main conclusionsThe identification of preferred phenotypes within recognized habitat can be used to refine future habitat models, inform habitat response to climate change, and suggest adaptation strategies. For example, models of phenotype preferences can guide management actions by identifying and prioritizing for conservation those landscapes that reliably exhibit highly preferred phenometrics on a consistent basis.
C1 [Wallace, Cynthia S. A.; Villarreal, Miguel L.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[van Riper, Charles, III] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Wallace, CSA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 520 N Pk,111, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM cwallace@usgs.gov
OI Villarreal, Miguel/0000-0003-0720-1422
FU US Geological Survey's (USGS) Land Change Science (LCS) program
FX The authors wish to thank the US Geological Survey's (USGS) Land Change
Science (LCS) program for investing in this research. We also thank Joel
Sankey and the two anonymous referees for their thoughtful review
comments and edits. We further acknowledge Michael R. Kunzman, Alexander
R. Rybak, Royden J. Hobbs, Stuart E. Marsh and William L. Halvorson for
early contributions to this research.
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0305-0270
EI 1365-2699
J9 J BIOGEOGR
JI J. Biogeogr.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 11
BP 2094
EP 2107
DI 10.1111/jbi.12167
PG 14
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 279EK
UT WOS:000328943000007
ER
PT J
AU Maples, SR
Andraski, BJ
Stonestrom, DA
Cooper, CA
Pohll, G
Michel, RL
AF Maples, S. R.
Andraski, B. J.
Stonestrom, D. A.
Cooper, C. A.
Pohll, G.
Michel, R. L.
TI Tritium Plume Dynamics in the Shallow Unsaturated Zone in an Arid
Environment
SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER-MOVEMENT; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; DISPOSAL SITES; DESERT SOILS;
DISPERSION; CONTAMINATION; VARIABILITY; MIGRATION; LANDFILL; TRACERS
AB Effective isolation of tritium (H-3) and other contaminants at waste-burial facilities requires improved understanding of transport processes and pathways. Previous studies documented an anomalously widespread (i.e., theoretically unexpected) distribution of H-3 (>400 m from burial trenches) in a dry, sub-root-zone gravelly layer (1-2-m depth) adjacent to a low-level radioactive waste (LLRW) burial facility in the Amargosa Desert, Nevada, that closed in 1992. The objectives of this study were to: (i) characterize long-term, spatiotemporal variability of H-3 plumes; and (ii) quantify the processes controlling H-3 behavior in the sub-root-zone gravelly layer beneath native vegetation adjacent to the facility. Geostatistical methods, spatial moment analyses, and mass flux calculations were applied to a spatiotemporally comprehensive, 10-yr data set (2001-2011). Results showed minimal bulk-plume advancement during the study period and limited Fickian spreading of mass. Observed spreading rates were generally consistent with theoretical vapor-phase dispersion. The plume mass diminished more rapidly than would be expected from radioactive decay alone, indicating net efflux from the plume. Estimates of upward H-3 efflux via diffusive-vapor movement were >10x greater than by dispersive-vapor or total-liquid movement. Total vertical fluxes were >20x greater than lateral diffusive-vapor fluxes, highlighting the importance of upward migration toward the land surface. Mass-balance calculations showed that radioactive decay and upward diffusive-vapor fluxes contributed the majority of plume loss. Results indicate that plume losses substantially exceeded any continuing H-3 contribution to the plume from the LLRW facility during 2001 to 2011 and suggest that the widespread H-3 distribution resulted from transport before 2001.
C1 [Maples, S. R.; Andraski, B. J.] US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
[Stonestrom, D. A.; Michel, R. L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Cooper, C. A.; Pohll, G.] Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
RP Maples, SR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2730 N Deer Run Rd, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
EM smaples@usgs.gov
OI Stonestrom, David/0000-0001-7883-3385; Maples,
Stephen/0000-0001-7955-4804
FU USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology, National Research, and Groundwater
Resources programs
FX We gratefully acknowledge C.A. Garcia, C.J. Mayers, R.J. Baker, and J.M.
Arthur for field and laboratory assistance, and C.T. Green, E.P. Weeks,
R.J. Baker, and anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the
manuscript. Support for this research was provided by the USGS Toxic
Substances Hydrology, National Research, and Groundwater Resources
programs.
NR 50
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1539-1663
J9 VADOSE ZONE J
JI Vadose Zone J.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 4
DI 10.2136/vzj2013.05.0080
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 274TF
UT WOS:000328628400048
ER
PT J
AU Nimmo, JR
Mitchell, L
AF Nimmo, John R.
Mitchell, Lara
TI Predicting Vertically Nonsequential Wetting Patterns with a
Source-Responsive Model
SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID CAPILLARY-FLOW PHENOMENA; PORE-SIZE SPECTRUM; PREFERENTIAL FLOW;
GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; UNSATURATED FLOW; WATER; SOIL; INFILTRATION;
SUBSURFACE; MACROPORES
AB Water infiltrating into soil of natural structure often causes wetting patterns that do not develop in an orderly sequence. Because traditional unsaturated flow models represent a water advance that proceeds sequentially, they fail to predict irregular development of water distribution. In the source-responsive model, a diffuse domain (D) represents flow within soil matrix material following traditional formulations, and a source-responsive domain (S), characterized in terms of the capacity for preferential flow and its degree of activation, represents preferential flow as it responds to changing water-source conditions. In this paper we assume water undergoing rapid source-responsive transport at any particular time is of negligibly small volume; it becomes sensible at the time and depth where domain transfer occurs. A first-order transfer term represents abstraction from the S to the D domain which renders the water sensible. In tests with lab and field data, for some cases the model shows good quantitative agreement, and in all cases it captures the characteristic patterns of wetting that proceed nonsequentially in the vertical direction. In these tests we determined the values of the essential characterizing functions by inverse modeling. These functions relate directly to observable soil characteristics, rendering them amenable to evaluation and improvement through hydropedologic development.
C1 [Nimmo, John R.; Mitchell, Lara] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Nimmo, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS-420, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jrnimmo@usgs.gov
NR 46
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 17
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1539-1663
J9 VADOSE ZONE J
JI Vadose Zone J.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 4
DI 10.2136/vzj2013.03.0054
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 274TF
UT WOS:000328628400040
ER
PT J
AU Grunsky, EC
Drew, LJ
Woodruff, LG
Friske, PWB
Sutphin, DM
AF Grunsky, E. C.
Drew, L. J.
Woodruff, L. G.
Friske, P. W. B.
Sutphin, D. M.
TI Statistical variability of the geochemistry and mineralogy of soils in
the Maritime Provinces of Canada and part of the Northeast United States
SO GEOCHEMISTRY-EXPLORATION ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE soil geochemistry; soil horizon; multivariate statistics; principal
component analysis; linear discriminant analysis; classification
ID COMPOSITIONAL DATA; LANDSCAPES PROJECT; MISSING VALUES; IMPUTATION
AB A soil geochemical survey in the Maritime Provinces of Canada and part of the Northeast United States was completed for the North American Soil Geochemistry Landscapes Project. Soil samples, derived largely from unsorted glacial till, were collected over 349 sites, from 0 to 5 cm depth (regardless of horizon), A-, and C-horizons. The 0 to 5 cm depth interval represents the soil of interest in health risk assessments and is termed the Public Health (PH-) layer. The <2 mm fraction of each sample was analysed for a broad suite of major and trace elements using a near-total four-acid digestion, and major mineralogical components were determined by quantitative X-ray diffraction. Multivariate statistical analyses of the logcentred soil geochemistry from the PH-layer and the two soil horizons, and of the soil mineralogy from the A-and C-horizons, reveal distinctive inter-element relationships from deeper soil (represented by the C-horizon) upwards into topsoil (represented by the A-horizon and PH-layer). Statistical dispersion of several elements increases upwards in the soil profile. Maximum data dispersion occurs in the PH-layer and A-horizon soils. Elements including S, P, Pb, Hg, Cd, Se, Mo, Sb, Bi and Sn are relatively enriched in the PH-layer and A-horizon, and are positively correlated with increasing organic carbon contents. The relative enrichment of groups of elements in the C-horizon, in contrast to those elements in the A-horizon and PH-layer, suggests a composition that reflects the geochemistry of the glacial till that is derived from the local bedrock. Elements such as Ni, Mg, Cr, V, Co, Fe and Sc, represent a mafic component of the parent material, and relative enrichments of K, Rb, Zr, rare-earth elements, Li and Al indicate a more felsic component. The patterns revealed by the application of multivariate methods to the soil chemistry and mineralogy are attributed to underlying geology, soil-forming processes, and anthropogenic activity, or combinations of all three factors. Both the soil geochemistry and mineralogy were tested in their ability to predict soil horizon and underlying bedrock lithology or time-stratigraphic assemblages. The geochemistry and mineralogy of the soils are both good for predicting soil horizon; however, the soil geochemistry is better for predicting the underlying lithologies/assemblages than the soil mineralogy.
C1 [Grunsky, E. C.; Friske, P. W. B.] Geol Survey Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada.
[Drew, L. J.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Woodruff, L. G.; Sutphin, D. M.] US Geol Survey, St Paul, MN 55112 USA.
RP Grunsky, EC (reprint author), Geol Survey Canada, 601 Booth St, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada.
EM egrunsky@nrcan.gc.ca
FU United States Geological Survey (USGS); Geological Survey of Canada
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the United States Geological Survey
(USGS) and the Geological Survey of Canada for supporting this joint
initiative. William Cannon kindly provided the unpublished mineralogical
data that were used in this study and also provided valuable comments
during the preparation of this manuscript. This study benefitted from
the individual support of Dave Smith of the USGS and from Andy Rencz,
Alec Desbarats, Bernard Vigneault, and Isabelle McMartin of the
Geological Survey of Canada. Byron Stone provided helpful information on
the surficial geology of the New England states. The manuscript
benefitted from helpful comments by Patrice de Caritat and an anonymous
reviewer. This is Geological Survey of Canada contribution 2013-0111.
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 12
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBL HOUSE
PI BATH
PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CENTRE, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON,
ENGLAND
SN 1467-7873
EI 2041-4943
J9 GEOCHEM-EXPLOR ENV A
JI Geochem.-Explor. Environ. Anal.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 4
BP 249
EP 266
DI 10.1144/geochem2012-138
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 274AV
UT WOS:000328578300003
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, SEK
Oskin, ME
Iriondo, A
AF Bennett, Scott E. K.
Oskin, Michael E.
Iriondo, Alexander
TI Transtensional rifting in the proto-Gulf of California near Bahia Kino,
Sonora, Mexico
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-AMERICA PLATE; PUERTECITOS VOLCANIC PROVINCE; NORTHEASTERN
BAJA-CALIFORNIA; LOWER CRUSTAL FLOW; OF-CALIFORNIA; FAULT SYSTEM;
CONTINENTAL LITHOSPHERE; OBLIQUE EXTENSION; SALTON TROUGH; PACIFIC PLATE
AB Continental rifts require focused strain to rupture and form an ocean basin. In oblique rifts, such as the Gulf of California, focused transtensional strain associated with strikeslip faulting may serve as a catalyst for rupture. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed structural mapping, geochronology, paleomagnetism, and fault kinematics of pre-and synrift rocks exposed in an similar to 200 km(2) coastal mountain belt fl anking the eastern rift margin of the northern Gulf of California. This coastal Sonora region hosts the onshore portion of the transform boundary between the Upper Tiburon and Adair-Tepoca marine basins-two early-formed oblique rift segments. Extension commenced here between 11.5 Ma and 7 Ma, resulting in 25 degrees-40 degrees of E-NE tilting, initiation of clockwise verticalaxis rotation of fault-bounded blocks, and minor basin sedimentation. Rates of deformation prior to 7 Ma are unconstrained due to a lack of exposed syntectonic deposits. Deformation after 7 Ma was associated with rapid tilting and the majority of observed clockwise vertical-axis rotation and strikeslip faulting. Nonmarine sedimentary basins accumulated coarse sediments above an unconformity eroded across older, tilted strata. By 5-6 Ma, deformation in coastal Sonora must have largely ceased and migrated westward into the Upper Tiburon marine basin. We document up to 120% total extension and total clockwise block rotations up to 53 degrees. In portions of the study area, extension and rotation were supplanted by strike-slip faulting as deformation proceeded. We develop a tectonic model for this Coastal Sonora fault zone, which is bounded by major NW-striking transform faults with > 10 km of displacement. Internal to the Coastal Sonora fault zone, the majority of an estimated 6.2 +/- 1.1 km of dextral deformation, associated with up to 5.7 km of WNW-directed extension, occurred over the fi nal 1-2 m. y. of its life span, at a strain rate approaching 10(-14) s(-1). This activity occurred as the plate boundary localized along nascent pull-apart basins in the northern Gulf of California, consistent with the hypothesis that late protoGulf of California dextral shear zones, such as the Coastal Sonora fault zone, acted to focus lithospheric-scale strain and promoted continental rupture in the wide-rift setting of the Mexican Basin and Range.
C1 [Bennett, Scott E. K.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Bennett, Scott E. K.; Oskin, Michael E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Iriondo, Alexander] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Geociencias, Queretaro 76230, Mexico.
[Iriondo, Alexander] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
RP Bennett, SEK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, 1711 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM sekbennett@usgs.gov
FU National Science Foundation [0739017, 0904337]; Geological Society of
America Graduate Research Grant; University of North Carolina-Chapel
Hill Geological Sciences Department Martin Fund; UC MEXUS grant
FX Funding from the National Science Foundation Tectonics and MARGINS
programs, awards 0739017 and 0904337, a UC MEXUS grant, a Geological
Society of America Graduate Research Grant, and the University of North
Carolina-Chapel Hill Geological Sciences Department Martin Fund made
this research possible. Reviews by Joann Stock, Phil Gans, and John
Fletcher and discussions with Rebecca Dorsey and Arturo Martin-Barajas
helped to greatly improve this manuscript. We thank Mick Kunk and Joe
Wooden for assistance with our Ar/Ar and U/Pb geochronology data,
respectively. Michael Tappa, Monica Iglecia, Dhelia Tucker, and Jordan
Ford all provided great company, safety, and support while conducting
field work in Sonora. Joe Kirschvink and the Caltech Paleomagnetics
Laboratory assisted with paleomagnetic analysis. Tadeo Pfister, Tom
Donovan, and the Prescott College Kino Bay Center for Cultural and
Ecological Studies staff provided comfortable accommodations while
mapping in Sonora. We thank Ernesto Molina Villa-Lobos and the native
Comcaac tribe who granted access to their lands.
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PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
EI 1943-2674
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 125
IS 11-12
BP 1752
EP 1782
DI 10.1130/B30676.1
PG 31
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 273BI
UT WOS:000328507400005
ER
PT J
AU Rubin, DM
Rubin, AM
AF Rubin, D. M.
Rubin, A. M.
TI Origin and lateral migration of linear dunes in the Qaidam Basin of NW
China revealed by dune sediments, internal structures, and optically
stimulated luminescence ages, with implications for linear dunes on
Titan: Discussion
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID LONGITUDINAL DUNES; STRESSES; DESERT; GROWTH
C1 [Rubin, D. M.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Rubin, A. M.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Rubin, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM drubin@usgs.gov
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U1 2
U2 14
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
EI 1943-2674
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 125
IS 11-12
BP 1943
EP 1946
DI 10.1130/B30780.1
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 273BI
UT WOS:000328507400016
ER
PT J
AU Kats, LB
Bucciarelli, G
Vandergon, TL
Honeycutt, RL
Mattiasen, E
Sanders, A
Riley, SPD
Kerby, JL
Fisher, RN
AF Kats, Lee B.
Bucciarelli, Gary
Vandergon, Thomas L.
Honeycutt, Rodney L.
Mattiasen, Evan
Sanders, Arthur
Riley, Seth P. D.
Kerby, Jacob L.
Fisher, Robert N.
TI Effects of natural flooding and manual trapping on the facilitation of
invasive crayfish-native amphibian coexistence in a semi-arid perennial
stream
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Amphibians; Conservation; Flooding; Invasive species; Southern
California; Taricha torosa
ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA STREAMS; INTRODUCED CRAYFISH; PROCAMBARUS-CLARKII;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; VARIABILITY; PENINSULA; PREDATORS; ABUNDANCE; RAINFALL;
NEWTS
AB Aquatic amphibians are known to be vulnerable to a myriad of invasive predators. Invasive crayfish are thought to have eliminated native populations of amphibians in some streams in the semi-arid Santa Monica Mountains of southern California. Despite their toxic skin secretions that defend them from native predators, newts are vulnerable to crayfish attacks, and crayfish have been observed attacking adult newts, and eating newt egg masses and larvae. For 15 years, we have observed invasive crayfish and native California newts coexisting in one stream in the Santa Monica Mountains. During that period, we monitored the densities of both crayfish and newt egg mass densities and compared these to annual rainfall totals. After three seasons of below average rainfall, we reduced crayfish numbers by manual trapping. Our long-term data indicated that crayfish did not fare well in years when rainfall is above the historic average. This invasive predator did not evolve with high velocity streams, and observations indicated that southern California storm events washed crayfish downstream, killing many of them. Newts exhibit increased reproduction in years when crayfish numbers were reduced. A comparison with a nearby stream that does not contain crayfish indicated that newt reproduction positively responded to increased rainfall, but that fluctuations were much greater in the stream that contains crayfish. We suggest that rainfall patterns help explain invasive crayfish/newt coexistence and that management for future coexistence may benefit from manual trapping. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kats, Lee B.; Vandergon, Thomas L.; Honeycutt, Rodney L.; Mattiasen, Evan; Sanders, Arthur] Pepperdine Univ, Div Nat Sci, Malibu, CA 90265 USA.
[Bucciarelli, Gary] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Riley, Seth P. D.] Natl Pk Serv, Santa Monica Mt Recreat Area, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA.
[Kerby, Jacob L.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA.
[Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
RP Kats, LB (reprint author), Pepperdine Univ, Div Nat Sci, 24255 Pacific Coast Highway, Malibu, CA 90265 USA.
EM Lee.kats@pepperdine.edu; Garyb@ucla.edu;
Thomas.Vandergon@pepperdine.edu; Rodney.honeycutt@pepperdine.edu;
Evan.mattiasen@pepperdine.edu; Arthur.sanders@pepperdine.edu;
Seth_riley@nps.gov; Jacob.kerby@usd.edu; Rfisher@usgs.gov
OI Bucciarelli, Gary/0000-0003-3345-1361
FU Jack Topel and the Santa Monica Bay Restoration Commission
FX We would like to thank Jae Chung, Francis Sapigao, Matthew Kerby, Laura
Jones and countless other Pepperdine students who helped with field
surveys since 1996. We also thank Jack Topel and the Santa Monica Bay
Restoration Commission who provided funding for the crayfish removal. Jo
Kitz and Debbie Sharpton of the Mountains Restoration Trust also
provided support for this work. This is contribution number 449 of the
U.S. Geological Survey-Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative
(ARMI).
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PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
EI 1095-922X
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 98
BP 109
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.08.003
PG 4
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 274GR
UT WOS:000328595300013
ER
PT J
AU Prettyman, TH
Mittlefehldt, DW
Yamashita, N
Beck, AW
Feldman, WC
Hendricks, JS
Lawrence, DJ
McCoy, TJ
McSween, HY
Peplowski, PN
Reedy, RC
Toplis, MJ
Le Corre, L
Mizzon, H
Reddy, V
Titus, TN
Raymond, CA
Russell, CT
AF Prettyman, Thomas H.
Mittlefehldt, David W.
Yamashita, Naoyuki
Beck, Andrew W.
Feldman, William C.
Hendricks, John S.
Lawrence, David J.
McCoy, Timothy J.
McSween, Harry Y.
Peplowski, Patrick N.
Reedy, Robert C.
Toplis, Michael J.
Le Corre, Lucille
Mizzon, Hugau
Reddy, Vishnu
Titus, Timothy N.
Raymond, Carol A.
Russell, Christopher T.
TI Neutron absorption constraints on the composition of 4 Vesta
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID LUNAR PROSPECTOR; GAMMA-RAY; DAWN MISSION; PARENT BODY; MARS ODYSSEY;
WATER-ICE; EPITHERMAL NEUTRONS; HED METEORITES; DARK MATERIAL;
SOUTH-POLE
AB Global maps of the macroscopic thermal neutron absorption cross section of Vesta's regolith by the Gamma Ray and Neutron Detector (GRaND) on board the NASA Dawn spacecraft provide constraints on the abundance and distribution of Fe, Ca, Al, Mg, and other rock-forming elements. From a circular, polar low-altitude mapping orbit, GRaND sampled the regolith to decimeter depths with a spatial resolution of about 300km. At this spatial scale, the variation in neutron absorption is about seven times lower than that of the Moon. The observed variation is consistent with the range of absorption for howardite whole-rock compositions, which further supports the connection between Vesta and the howardite, eucrite, and diogenite meteorites. We find a strong correlation between neutron absorption and the percentage of eucritic materials in howardites and polymict breccias, which enables petrologic mapping of Vesta's surface. The distribution of basaltic eucrite and diogenite determined from neutron absorption measurements is qualitatively similar to that indicated by visible and near infrared spectroscopy. The Rheasilvia basin and ejecta blanket has relatively low absorption, consistent with Mg-rich orthopyroxene. Based on a combination of Fe and neutron absorption measurements, olivine-rich lithologies are not detected on the spatial scales sampled by GRaND. The sensitivity of GRaND to the presence of mantle material is described and implications for the absence of an olivine signature are discussed. High absorption values found in Vesta's dark hemisphere, where exogenic hydrogen has accumulated, indicate that this region is richer in basaltic eucrite, representative of Vesta's ancient upper crust.
C1 [Prettyman, Thomas H.; Yamashita, Naoyuki; Feldman, William C.; Reedy, Robert C.; Le Corre, Lucille; Reddy, Vishnu] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Mittlefehldt, David W.] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Beck, Andrew W.; McCoy, Timothy J.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Hendricks, John S.] TechSource Inc, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Lawrence, David J.; Peplowski, Patrick N.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[McSween, Harry Y.] Univ Tennessee, Planetary Geosci Inst, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[McSween, Harry Y.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Toplis, Michael J.; Mizzon, Hugau] Univ Toulouse, CNRS, Observ Midi Pyrenees, IRAP,UMR 5277, Toulouse, France.
[Le Corre, Lucille; Reddy, Vishnu] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, Lindau, Germany.
[Titus, Timothy N.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Raymond, Carol A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Russell, Christopher T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Prettyman, TH (reprint author), Planetary Sci Inst, 1700 East Ft Lowell,Suite 106, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM prettyman@psi.edu
RI Beck, Andrew/J-7215-2015; Peplowski, Patrick/I-7254-2012; Lawrence,
David/E-7463-2015;
OI Beck, Andrew/0000-0003-4455-2299; Peplowski,
Patrick/0000-0001-7154-8143; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667; Reedy,
Robert/0000-0002-2189-1303; Prettyman, Thomas/0000-0003-0072-2831;
Reddy, Vishnu/0000-0002-7743-3491; Le Corre, Lucille/0000-0003-0349-7932
FU NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory; NASA Discovery Program; NASA Dawn at
Vesta Participating Scientist Program
FX This work was carried out under contract with the NASA Jet Propulsion
Laboratory. GRaND is operated by the Planetary Science Institute. The
Dawn mission is led by the University of California, Los Angeles under
the auspices of the NASA Discovery Program. Funding for U.S.
Participating Scientists was provided by the NASA Dawn at Vesta
Participating Scientist Program. Contributions by members of the Dawn
Science, Spacecraft and Instrument-Operations teams at JPL and UCLA,
including Carol Polanskey, Steve Joy, Joe Mafi, and Marc Rayman, are
greatly appreciated. In addition, we are grateful for technical support
provided by Joe Makowski and Mike Violet of Orbital Sciences
Corporation. GRaND data are archived by the NASA Planetary Data System
Small Bodies Node. Comments by the reviewers, Brad Jolliff and Josef
Masarik, and the associate editor, Ingo Leya, helped improve the
manuscript. Tomo Usui provided a portion of the HED whole-rock
compositions used in this study.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1086-9379
EI 1945-5100
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 48
IS 11
BP 2211
EP 2236
DI 10.1111/maps.12244
PG 26
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 273NY
UT WOS:000328543300010
ER
PT J
AU Nichols, JM
Hines, JE
Nichols, JD
AF Nichols, Jonathan M.
Hines, James E.
Nichols, James D.
TI Selecting among competing models of electro-optic, infrared camera
system range performance
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE electro-optic; infrared sensors; estimation; AIC; model selection;
probability of identification; range performance
ID TARGET ACQUISITION; IDENTIFICATION; DISCRIMINATION; PROBABILITIES
AB Range performance is often the key requirement around which electro-optical and infrared camera systems are designed. This work presents an objective framework for evaluating competing range performance models. Model selection based on the Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) is presented for the type of data collected during a typical human observer and target identification experiment. These methods are then demonstrated on observer responses to both visible and infrared imagery in which one of three maritime targets was placed at various ranges. We compare the performance of a number of different models, including those appearing previously in the literature. We conclude that our model-based approach offers substantial improvements over the traditional approach to inference, including increased precision and the ability to make predictions for some distances other than the specific set for which experimental trials were conducted. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
C1 [Nichols, Jonathan M.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Hines, James E.; Nichols, James D.] US Geol Survey, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research under the Future Naval Capabilities, Affordable
Modular Panoramic Photonics Mast program; Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency under the AWARE camera program
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Office of Naval Research for
supporting this work under the Future Naval Capabilities, Affordable
Modular Panoramic Photonics Mast program as well as the Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency under the AWARE camera program.
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PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
EI 1560-2303
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 11
AR 113108
DI 10.1117/1.OE.52.11.113108
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 278NY
UT WOS:000328898200023
ER
PT J
AU Palm, EC
Esler, D
Anderson, EM
Williams, TD
Wilson, MT
AF Palm, Eric C.
Esler, Daniel
Anderson, Eric M.
Williams, Tony D.
Wilson, Matthew T.
TI VARIATION IN PHYSIOLOGY AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT OF WINTERING WHITE-WINGED
SCOTERS IN RELATION TO LOCAL HABITAT CONDITIONS
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE body condition; digestive morphology; energy management; Melanitta
fusca; physiology; plasma metabolites; White-winged Scoter; wintering
habitat
ID PLASMA-LIPID METABOLITES; SANDPIPERS CALIDRIS-MAURI; BODY-MASS; WESTERN
SANDPIPERS; STURNUS-VULGARIS; MELANITTA-FUSCA; PREDATION RISK; LESSER
SCAUP; DIVING DUCKS; FAT STORAGE
AB Along the Pacific coast of North America, White-winged Scoters (Melanitta fusca) winter in sites that vary widely in habitat conditions. This habitat variation likely alters the relative costs and benefits of using specific sites in terms of factors such as foraging conditions, degree of predation danger, and thermoregulatory costs. To assess how White-winged Scoters adjust their physiology and energy management in response to variation in habitat conditions, we contrasted overwinter dynamics in several physiological indicators across five sites in British Columbia and Washington. We tested the relative support for various hypotheses that considered exposure to wind and waves, water depth, predation danger, diet composition, and collection period as possible underlying causes of variation in physiological indicators. Total body mass and lipid mass were highest at an exposed offshore site, which may reflect an adaptive response to buffer against unpredictable foraging conditions and increased thermoregulatory costs. At nearshore sites where exposure was lower, scoters maintained lower lipid masses throughout the winter. Total lipid mass declined through the winter in all sites, a result consistent with findings for many waterfowl species. However, levels of plasma metabolites (triglycerides, beta-hydroxybutyrate) varied little by site, suggesting that, irrespective of body composition, birds at all sites maintained physiological homeostasis. Digestive morphology was strongly related to diet, with smaller gizzards and longer intestines associated with a greater fraction of soft-bodied foods in the diet. Our results suggest that the physiology and energy management of wintering White-winged Scoters is related to local habitat conditions.
C1 [Palm, Eric C.; Anderson, Eric M.; Williams, Tony D.] Simon Fraser Univ, Ctr Wildlife Ecol, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Esler, Daniel] Simon Fraser Univ, Ctr Wildlife Ecol, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada.
[Wilson, Matthew T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fairbanks Fish & Wildlife Field Off, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
RP Palm, EC (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Ctr Wildlife Ecol, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
EM epalm@sfu.ca
FU Environment Canada; Naikun Wind Energy Group, Inc.; Natural Resources
Canada; Simon Fraser University
FX We thank J. Barrett and M. Wilson for providing lab assistance and K.
Jaatinen for assistance in the field. This study was funded by
Environment Canada, Naikun Wind Energy Group, Inc., Natural Resources
Canada, and Simon Fraser University. The Centre for Wildlife Ecology
provided logistical support.
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PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 115
IS 4
BP 750
EP 761
DI 10.1525/cond.2013.120109
PG 12
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 270CF
UT WOS:000328295800006
ER
PT J
AU Yezerinac, S
Lanctot, RB
Sage, GK
Talbot, SL
AF Yezerinac, Stephen
Lanctot, Richard B.
Sage, George K.
Talbot, Sandra L.
TI SOCIAL AND GENETIC MATING SYSTEM OF THE AMERICAN GOLDEN-PLOVER
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE extra-pair paternity; mating system; pair fidelity; philopatry;
Pluvialis dominica
ID EXTRA-PAIR PATERNITY; PARENTAL CARE; BREEDING SYSTEMS;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ASSURANCE BEHAVIOR; SEXUAL CONFLICT; TANDEM
REPEAT; BIRDS; SHOREBIRDS; SANDPIPER
AB Shorebirds are exceptionally diverse in their social mating systems, and genetic analyses of a few species have revealed further variation in genetic mating systems. The ecological and evolutionary causes of this variation are largely unknown. We studied the mating system of American Golden-Plovers (Pluvialis dominica) at Barrow, Alaska, between 2004 and 2009. In this arctic population, birds bred in socially monogamous pairs, as has been seen in other populations, yet rates of philopatry and mate fidelity were low. We used microsatellite DNA markers to analyze parentage and found that most offspring originated from monogamous matings, but 8% of 131 offspring and 16% of 37 nests were the result of nonmonogamous matings. One nest was ambiguous; it was either a full clutch sired through extra-pair copulation or represented an instance of social polygyny. Despite wide variation in synchrony of breeding and density of nesting both within and among breeding seasons, these ecological variables were unrelated to mating patterns. We speculate that the low rate of pair fidelity and the high rate of extra-pair paternity are linked, because the lack of familiarity between partners reduces benefits of monogamy. Further study of breeding behavior and rates of philopatry are needed to understand why, among socially monogamous shorebirds, the American Golden-Plover has high rates of extra-pair paternity.
C1 [Yezerinac, Stephen] Mt Allison Univ, Dept Biol, Sackville, NB E4L 1G7, Canada.
[Lanctot, Richard B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Sage, George K.; Talbot, Sandra L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Yezerinac, S (reprint author), Mt Allison Univ, Dept Biol, 63B York St, Sackville, NB E4L 1G7, Canada.
EM syezerinac@mta.ca
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Bureau of Land
Management; Mount Allison University
FX We thank Audrey Taylor, River Gates, Brooke Hill, and the many other
field technicians who helped collect data in the field, as well as
Skylar Arend and Sarah Sonsthagen, who assisted in the laboratory. Bart
Kempenaers and two reviewers provided helpful comments on the paper.
Blood and tissue samples were collected under the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service's Animal Care and Use Committee permits 2008014 and 2009011.
Funding for this study came from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management, and Mount Allison
University. The Barrow Arctic Science Consortium provided logistic
support in Barrow. Mention of trade names or commercial products does
not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U. S.
government.
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PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 115
IS 4
BP 808
EP 815
DI 10.1525/cond.2013.120081
PG 8
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 270CF
UT WOS:000328295800012
ER
PT J
AU Saalfeld, ST
Hill, BL
Lanctot, RB
AF Saalfeld, Sarah T.
Hill, Brooke L.
Lanctot, Richard B.
TI SHOREBIRD RESPONSES TO CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF A LANDFILL ON THE
ARCTIC COASTAL PLAIN
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic; development; landfill; nest density; nest survival; predation;
shorebird
ID WASTE-MANAGEMENT; GLAUCOUS GULLS; SITE-TENACITY; NEST SURVIVAL; MATE
FIDELITY; EGG SIZE; ABUNDANCE; ALASKA; BIRD; PHILOPATRY
AB Although much of the Arctic Coastal Plain has remained undeveloped, oil and gas industries, new and expanding villages, as well as tourism are likely to increase in the near future. One potential effect of increased human development is increased anthropogenic waste and the need to dispose of this waste in landfills. We investigated potential indirect effects of the North Slope Borough landfill on breeding shorebirds by examining changes in environmental conditions (predator densities and timing of snow melt) and measures of shorebird reproduction (nest-initiation dates, nest density, nest survival, and return rates) in relation to construction and deposition of waste in the landfill. This study included one year of pre-construction data (2004), three years when landfill roads and fences were being constructed (2005-2007), and five years when waste was being deposited (2008-2012). We monitored 364 shorebird nests within a 36-ha plot (approximately half of which was inside the landfill and half outside). Construction of a fence around the landfill reduced snow levels inside the landfill, leading to earlier snow melt and likely to shorebirds initiating nests earlier. Densities of avian predators increased following waste deposition, but nest densities, nest survival, and return rates were generally greater inside the landfill than outside in all years after landfill construction. Our results indicate that fences placed around landfills and procedures to reduce attraction of predators to landfills can minimize indirect negative effects of landfill construction and operation and even favor species breeding in the area.
C1 [Saalfeld, Sarah T.] Manomet Ctr Conservat Sci, Manomet, MA 02345 USA.
[Saalfeld, Sarah T.; Hill, Brooke L.; Lanctot, Richard B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Management Div, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Saalfeld, ST (reprint author), Manomet Ctr Conservat Sci, POB 1770, Manomet, MA 02345 USA.
EM saalfeldst@gmail.com
FU Arctic Landscape Conservation Cooperative; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (Region 7 Migratory Bird Management Division); Bureau of Land
Management (Fairbanks District Office); University of Alaska, Fairbanks
FX We thank the many field assistants who helped on this project over the
years, especially graduate students River Gates, Audrey Taylor, Andy
Doll, Nathan Coutsoubos, Jenny Cunningham, and Kirsten Grond. Logistical
support was provided by the Barrow Arctic Science Consortium and the
Umiaq, LLC. The Barrow Public Works/Sanitation Services Department
allowed access to the landfill, and Scott Barr, David Custodio, and
Thomas Mueller provided predator-count data for North Slope Borough. The
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services (Palmer,
Alaska), provided unpublished information on the number of arctic foxes
culled each year. Funding for this study was provided by the Arctic
Landscape Conservation Cooperative, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(Region 7 Migratory Bird Management Division), Bureau of Land Management
(Fairbanks District Office), and University of Alaska, Fairbanks. The
Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation and the North Slope Borough kindly
authorized our research on their lands. Scott Barr, Steven Matsuoka, and
Emily Weiser provided constructive criticisms of the manuscript that
improved it greatly. The findings and conclusions in this article are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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U2 12
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 115
IS 4
BP 816
EP 829
DI 10.1525/cond.2013.120169
PG 14
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 270CF
UT WOS:000328295800013
ER
PT J
AU Minitti, ME
Kah, LC
Yingst, RA
Edgett, KS
Anderson, RC
Beegle, LW
Carsten, JL
Deen, RG
Goetz, W
Hardgrove, C
Harker, DE
Herkenhoff, KE
Hurowitz, JA
Jandura, L
Kennedy, MR
Kocurek, G
Krezoski, GM
Kuhn, SR
Limonadi, D
Lipkaman, L
Madsen, MB
Olson, TS
Robinson, ML
Rowland, SK
Rubin, DM
Seybold, C
Schieber, J
Schmidt, M
Sumner, DY
Tompkins, VV
Van Beek, JK
Van Beek, T
AF Minitti, M. E.
Kah, L. C.
Yingst, R. A.
Edgett, K. S.
Anderson, R. C.
Beegle, L. W.
Carsten, J. L.
Deen, R. G.
Goetz, W.
Hardgrove, C.
Harker, D. E.
Herkenhoff, K. E.
Hurowitz, J. A.
Jandura, L.
Kennedy, M. R.
Kocurek, G.
Krezoski, G. M.
Kuhn, S. R.
Limonadi, D.
Lipkaman, L.
Madsen, M. B.
Olson, T. S.
Robinson, M. L.
Rowland, S. K.
Rubin, D. M.
Seybold, C.
Schieber, J.
Schmidt, M.
Sumner, D. Y.
Tompkins, V. V.
Van Beek, J. K.
Van Beek, T.
TI MAHLI at the Rocknest sand shadow: Science and science-enabling
activities
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
DE aeolian; Mars Science Laboratory; Rocknest; MAHLI
ID CHEMCAM INSTRUMENT SUITE; ROVER LANDING SITE; GALE CRATER;
MERIDIANI-PLANUM; AEOLIAN BEDFORMS; MARS; EVOLUTION; SYSTEM;
STRATIGRAPHY; EXPLORATION
AB During Martian solar days 57-100, the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover acquired and processed a solid (sediment) sample and analyzed its mineralogy and geochemistry with the Chemistry and Mineralogy and Sample Analysis at Mars instruments. An aeolian depositherein referred to as the Rocknest sand shadowwas inferred to represent a global average soil composition and selected for study to facilitate integration of analytical results with observations from earlier missions. During first-time activities, the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) was used to support both science and engineering activities related to sample assessment, collection, and delivery. Here we report on MAHLI activities that directly supported sample analysis and provide MAHLI observations regarding the grain-scale characteristics of the Rocknest sand shadow. MAHLI imaging confirms that the Rocknest sand shadow is one of a family of bimodal aeolian accumulations on Marssimilar to the coarse-grained ripples interrogated by the Mars Exploration Rovers Spirit and Opportunityin which a surface veneer of coarse-grained sediment stabilizes predominantly fine-grained sediment of the deposit interior. The similarity in grain size distribution of these geographically disparate deposits support the widespread occurrence of bimodal aeolian transport on Mars. We suggest that preservation of bimodal aeolian deposits may be characteristic of regions of active deflation, where winnowing of the fine-sediment fraction results in a relatively low sediment load and a preferential increase in the coarse-grained fraction of the sediment load. The compositional similarity of Martian aeolian deposits supports the potential for global redistribution of fine-grained components, combined with potential local contributions.
C1 [Minitti, M. E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Kah, L. C.; Hardgrove, C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Yingst, R. A.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Edgett, K. S.; Harker, D. E.; Kennedy, M. R.; Krezoski, G. M.; Lipkaman, L.; Van Beek, J. K.; Van Beek, T.] Malin Space Sci Syst, San Diego, CA USA.
[Anderson, R. C.; Beegle, L. W.; Carsten, J. L.; Deen, R. G.; Jandura, L.; Kuhn, S. R.; Limonadi, D.; Robinson, M. L.; Seybold, C.; Tompkins, V. V.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Goetz, W.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
[Herkenhoff, K. E.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Hurowitz, J. A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Kocurek, G.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Madsen, M. B.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Olson, T. S.] Salish Kootenai Coll, Dept Informat Technol & Comp Engn, Pablo, MT USA.
[Rowland, S. K.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Rubin, D. M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Schieber, J.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Schmidt, M.] Brock Univ, Dept Earth Sci, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
[Sumner, D. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Minitti, ME (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM minitti@me.com
OI Edgett, Kenneth/0000-0001-7197-5751
FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX This work results from MSL science activities performed at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Our
thanks are extended to the entire MSL Science team, and particularly
R.J. Sullivan, for the enthusiastic discussion and thought-provoking
comments; we accept all errors as our own. We also thank the entire MSL
Mastcam/MAHLI/MARDI operations and science teams for their endless
generosity and expertise. We particularly acknowledge the efforts of
J.N. Maki, M.A. Caplinger, M.A. Ravine, K.D. Supulver, and B. Duston for
assistance with data collection and analyses related to motor
count/range characterization. Constructive reviews by Lori Fenton, Jim
Zimbelman, David Baratoux, and an anonymous reviewer improved the paper.
NR 88
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U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 11
BP 2338
EP 2360
DI 10.1002/2013JE004426
PG 23
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 270YJ
UT WOS:000328355300006
ER
PT J
AU Beeler, NM
Thomas, A
Burgmann, R
Shelly, D
AF Beeler, N. M.
Thomas, Amanda
Buergmann, Roland
Shelly, David
TI Inferring fault rheology from low- frequency earthquakes on the San
Andreas
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE faulting; friction; creep
ID NON-VOLCANIC TREMOR; SLOW SLIP EVENTS; NONVOLCANIC TREMOR; EARTH TIDES;
DEPENDENT FRICTION; POSSIBLE MECHANISM; TIDAL MODULATION; PORE PRESSURE;
STRESS; STATE
AB Families of recurring low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) within nonvolcanic tremor (NVT) on the San Andreas fault in central California show strong sensitivity to shear stress induced by the daily tidal cycle. LFEs occur at all levels of the tidal shear stress and are in phase with the very small, similar to 400Pa, stress amplitude. To quantitatively explain the correlation, we use a model from the existing literature that assumes the LFE sources are small, persistent regions that repeatedly fail during shear of a much larger scale, otherwise aseismically creeping fault zone. The LFE source patches see tectonic loading, creep of the surrounding fault which may be modulated by the tidal stress, and direct tidal loading. If the patches are small relative to the surrounding creeping fault then the stressing is dominated by fault creep, and if patch failure occurs at a threshold stress, then the resulting seismicity rate is proportional to the fault creep rate or fault zone strain rate. Using the seismicity rate as a proxy for strain rate and the tidal shear stress, we fit the data with possible fault rheologies that produce creep in laboratory experiments at temperatures of 400 to 600 degrees C appropriate for the LFE source depth. The rheological properties of rock-forming minerals for dislocation creep and dislocation glide are not consistent with the observed fault creep because strong correlation between small stress perturbations and strain rate requires perturbation on the order of the ambient stress. The observed tidal modulation restricts ambient stress to be at most a few kilopascal, much lower than rock strength. A purely rate dependent friction is consistent with the observations only if the product of the friction rate dependence and effective normal stress is similar to 0.5 kPa. Extrapolating the friction rate strengthening dependence of phyllosilicates (talc) to depth would require the effective normal stress to be similar to 50 kPa, implying pore pressure is lithostatic. If the LFE source is on the order of tens of meters, as required by the model, rate-weakening friction rate dependence (e.g., olivine) at 400 to 600 degrees C requires that the minimum effective pressure at the LFE source is similar to 2.5MPa.
C1 [Beeler, N. M.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Thomas, Amanda; Buergmann, Roland] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Shelly, David] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Beeler, NM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Observ, 1300 Cardinal Court,Bldg 10,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM nbeeler@usgs.gov
NR 96
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U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 11
BP 5976
EP 5990
DI 10.1002/2013JB010118
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 270WA
UT WOS:000328348700017
ER
PT J
AU Zander, PD
Kaufman, DS
Kuehn, SC
Wallace, KL
Anderson, RS
AF Zander, Paul D.
Kaufman, Darrell S.
Kuehn, Stephen C.
Wallace, Kristi L.
Anderson, R. Scott
TI Early and late Holocene glacial fluctuations and tephrostratigraphy,
Cabin Lake, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE lake sediment; Little Ice Age; Quaternary stratigraphy; Sheridan
Glacier; tephrochronology
ID UPPER COOK INLET; NORTH PACIFIC; TEPHRA DEPOSITS; REDOUBT VOLCANO;
PLEISTOCENE; MOUNTAINS; RECORD; YUKON; TEPHROCHRONOLOGY; SEDIMENTS
AB Marked changes in sediment types deposited in Cabin Lake, near Cordova, Alaska, represent environmental shifts during the early and late Holocene, including fluctuations in the terminal position of Sheridan Glacier. Cabin Lake is situated to receive meltwater during periods when the outwash plain of the advancing Sheridan Glacier had aggraded. A brief early Holocene advance from 11.2 to 11.0 cal ka is represented by glacial rock flour near the base of the sediment core. Non-glacial lake conditions were restored for about 1000 years before the water level in Cabin Lake lowered and the core site became a fen. The fen indicates drier-than-present conditions leading up to the Holocene thermal maximum. An unconformity spanning 5400 years during the mid-Holocene is overlain by peat until 1110 CE when meltwater from Sheridan Glacier returned to the basin. Three intervals of an advanced Sheridan Glacier are recorded in the Cabin Lake sediments during the late Holocene: 1110-1180, 1260-1540 and 1610-1780 CE. The sedimentary sequence also contains the first five reported tephra deposits from the Copper River delta region, and their geochemical signatures suggest that the sources are the Cook Inlet volcanoes Redoubt, Augustine and Crater Peak, and possibly Mt Churchill in the Wrangell Volcanic field.
C1 [Zander, Paul D.; Kaufman, Darrell S.; Anderson, R. Scott] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Kuehn, Stephen C.] Concord Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Athens, WV USA.
[Wallace, Kristi L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Kaufman, DS (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM darrell.kaufman@nau.edu
RI Kaufman, Darrell/A-2471-2008;
OI Kaufman, Darrell/0000-0002-7572-1414; Kuehn,
Stephen/0000-0002-2918-980X; Zander, Paul/0000-0001-7340-4768
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0823522]; NASA [NNX10AB55A]
FX Hannah Bailey, Katie Detrich and Joe Licciardi assisted in the field,
and Katherine Cooper helped in the laboratory. Damara Kautz analysed the
pollen. Two undergraduate students at Concord University, Albert Barbery
and Addison Hostetler, assisted with preparation of samples for the
electron microprobe. We are grateful to David Barclay and David Lowe for
their helpful and insightful reviews of the manuscript. Funding was
provided by the National Science Foundation (EAR-0823522) and NASA
(NNX10AB55A).
NR 47
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U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0267-8179
EI 1099-1417
J9 J QUATERNARY SCI
JI J. Quat. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 8
BP 761
EP 771
DI 10.1002/jqs.2671
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 270VY
UT WOS:000328348500002
ER
PT J
AU Cronin, TM
Polyak, L
Reed, D
Kandiano, ES
Marzen, RE
Council, EA
AF Cronin, T. M.
Polyak, L.
Reed, D.
Kandiano, E. S.
Marzen, R. E.
Council, E. A.
TI A 600-ka Arctic sea-ice record from Mendeleev Ridge based on ostracodes
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic sea ice; Arctic paleoceanography; Marine Isotope Stage 11;
Ostracodes
ID LATE PLEISTOCENE; QUATERNARY PALEOCEANOGRAPHY;
NEOGLOBOQUADRINA-PACHYDERMA; OCEAN SEDIMENTS; LOMONOSOV RIDGE; NORTHWIND
RIDGE; ASSEMBLAGES; HISTORY; VARIABILITY; ATLANTIC
AB Arctic paleoceanography and sea-ice history were reconstructed from epipelagic and benthic ostracodes from a sediment core (HLY0503-06JPC, 800 m water depth) located on the Mendeleev Ridge, Western Arctic Ocean. The calcareous microfaunal record (ostracodes and foraminifers) covers several glacial/interglacial cycles back to estimated Marine Isotope Stage 13 (MIS 13, similar to 500 ka) with an average sedimentation rate of similar to 0.5 cm/ka for most of the stratigraphy (MIS 5-13). Results based on ostracode assemblages and an unusual planktic foraminiferal assemblage in MIS 11 dominated by a temperate-water species Turborotalita egelida show that extreme interglacial warmth, high surface ocean productivity, and possibly open ocean convection characterized MIS 11 and MIS 13 (similar to 400 and 500 ka, respectively). A major shift in western Arctic Ocean environments toward perennial sea ice occurred after MIS 11 based on the distribution of an ice-dwelling ostracode Acetabulastoma arcticum. Spectral analyses of the ostracode assemblages indicate sea ice and mid-depth ocean circulation in western Arctic Ocean varied primarily at precessional (similar to 22 ka) and obliquity (similar to 40 ka) frequencies. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Cronin, T. M.; Reed, D.; Marzen, R. E.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Polyak, L.] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Kandiano, E. S.] GEOMAR, D-24148 Kiel, Germany.
[Council, E. A.] Wright State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Cronin, TM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM tcronin@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey Global Climate Program; National Science Foundation
[ARC-0806999]
FX We would like to thank L. Gemery, K. Crawford, L. DeNinno, and K.
Lehnigk for sample processing and graphics, W.H. Briggs Jr. for
supplying AOS-8 core samples, and V. Gouretski for a computation of the
modern SSTs, and David Home, Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz, and an
anonymous reviewer for helpful reviews. Funded by the US Geological
Survey Global Climate Program and the National Science Foundation award
ARC-0806999.
NR 71
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U1 3
U2 17
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 79
SI SI
BP 157
EP 167
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.12.010
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 264VU
UT WOS:000327909900014
ER
PT J
AU Holden, NE
Coplen, TB
AF Holden, Norman E.
Coplen, Tyler B.
TI ConfChem Conference on A Virtual Colloquium to Sustain and Celebrate IYC
2011 Initiatives in Global Chemical Education: The IUPAC Periodic Table
of Isotopes for the Educational Community
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Continuing Education; General Public; Inorganic Chemistry; Public
Understanding/Outreach; Isotopes; Nuclear Radiochemistry;
Periodicity/Periodic Table
AB The IUPAC Periodic Table of the Isotopes (www.ciaaw.org) was prepared as an educational outreach effort to expose teachers, students, and the general public to the existence of both stable and radioactive isotopes of the chemical elements. This Table provides information on the isotopes of each element, including the mass number and fraction of each isotope in a stable or a long-lived radioactive chemical element. These data allow scientists to determine the atomic weight of each element, which connects the microscopic and the macroscopic worlds. For many elements, there is a variation in the fraction of an element's isotopes in naturally occurring substances. The atomic weight is variable beyond its measurement uncertainty and the upper and lower bounds of the standard atomic weight are presented as an interval, rather than as a value with uncertainty, for 10 elements. The Table provides examples of the importance of both the stable and radioactive isotopes in our everyday world because of the variability of the stable isotope ratios or the radioactive decay of the unstable isotopes. There are 440 examples of applications to our everyday life. Applications, such as medical, industrial, geo-chronological, earth and planetary science, biological and forensic science, and anthropological are shown. Readers of the conference paper responded with questions, and the answers to the questions are included. This communication summarizes one of the invited papers to the ConfChem online conference A Virtual Colloquium to Sustain and Celebrate IYC 2011 Initiates in Global Chemistry Education held from May 18 to June 28, 2012, and jointly hosted by the ACS DivCHED Committee on Computers in Chemical Education and the IUPAC Committee on Chemistry Education.
C1 [Holden, Norman E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Coplen, Tyler B.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Holden, NE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM holden@bnl.gov
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-9584
EI 1938-1328
J9 J CHEM EDUC
JI J. Chem. Educ.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 90
IS 11
BP 1550
EP 1551
DI 10.1021/ed3008236
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research
GA 262PE
UT WOS:000327747900033
ER
PT J
AU Arp, CD
Jones, BM
Grosse, G
AF Arp, Christopher D.
Jones, Benjamin M.
Grosse, Guido
TI Recent lake ice-out phenology within and among lake districts of Alaska,
USA
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; RIVER ICE; TEMPORAL COHERENCE; COVERED LAKES;
ARCTIC LAKE; CLIMATE; TRENDS; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; RESERVOIRS
AB The timing of ice-out in high latitudes is a fundamental threshold for lake ecosystems and an indicator of climate change. In lake-rich regions, the loss of ice cover also plays a key role in landscape and climatic processes. Thus, there is a need to understand lake ice phenology at multiple scales. In this study, we observed ice-out timing on 55 large lakes in 11 lake districts across Alaska from 2007 to 2012 using satellite imagery. Sensor networks in two lake districts validated satellite observations and provided comparison with smaller lakes. Over this 6 yr period, the mean lake ice-out for all lakes was 27 May and ranged from 07 May in Kenai to 06 July in Arctic Coastal Plain lake districts with relatively low inter-annual variability. Approximately 80% of the variation in ice-out timing was explained by the date of 0 degrees C air temperature isotherm and lake area. Shoreline irregularity, watershed area, and river connectivity explained additional variation in some districts. Coherence in ice-out timing within the lakes of each district was consistently strong over this 6 yr period, ranging from r-values of 0.5 to 0.9. Inter-district analysis of coherence also showed synchronous ice-out patterns with the exception of the two arctic coastal districts where ice-out occurs later (June-July) and climatology is sea-ice influenced. These patterns of lake ice phenology provide a spatially extensive baseline describing short-term temporal variability, which will help decipher longer term trends in ice phenology and aid in representing the role of lake ice in land and climate models in northern landscapes.
C1 [Arp, Christopher D.] Univ Alaska, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Jones, Benjamin M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Grosse, Guido] Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK USA.
RP Arp, CD (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
EM cdarp@alaska.edu
RI Grosse, Guido/F-5018-2011;
OI Grosse, Guido/0000-0001-5895-2141; Arp, Christopher/0000-0002-6485-6225
FU NASA Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR)
Alaska Space Grant Program; U.S. Geological Survey - Alaska Science
Center; National Science Foundation's Arctic Observing Network
[1107481]; Western Alaska Landscape Conservation Cooperative; Arctic
Landscape Conservation Cooperative
FX This work was primarily supported by a grant from NASA Experimental
Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) Alaska Space Grant
Program. Additional funding was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey -
Alaska Science Center, the National Science Foundation's Arctic
Observing Network (1107481), and the Western Alaska Landscape
Conservation Cooperative and Arctic Landscape Conservation Cooperative.
NR 46
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U1 5
U2 27
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 0024-3590
EI 1939-5590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 6
BP 2013
EP 2028
DI 10.4319/lo.2013.58.6.2013
PG 16
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 257OW
UT WOS:000327395400009
ER
PT J
AU Barnard, PL
Schoellhamer, DH
Jaffe, BE
McKee, LJ
AF Barnard, Patrick L.
Schoellhamer, David H.
Jaffe, Bruce E.
McKee, Lester J.
TI Sediment transport in the San Francisco Bay Coastal System: An overview
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment transport; estuaries; circulation; provenance; physical
processes
ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; SEA-LEVEL; INTERTIDAL MUDFLAT; SUSPENDED-SEDIMENT;
JOAQUIN DELTA; TIME SCALES; USA; ACCRETION; EVOLUTION; VARIABILITY
AB The papers in this special issue feature state-of-the-art approaches to understanding the physical processes related to sediment transport and geomorphology of complex coastal-estuarine systems. Here we focus on the San Francisco Bay Coastal System, extending from the lower San Joaquin-Sacramento Delta, through the Bay, and along the adjacent outer Pacific Coast. San Francisco Bay is an urbanized estuary that is impacted by numerous anthropogenic activities common to many large estuaries, including a mining legacy, channel dredging, aggregate mining, reservoirs, freshwater diversion, watershed modifications, urban run-off, ship traffic, exotic species introductions, land reclamation, and wetland restoration. The Golden Gate strait is the sole inlet connecting the Bay to the Pacific Ocean, and serves as the conduit for a tidal flow of similar to 8 x 10(9) m(3)/day, in addition to the transport of mud, sand, biogenic material, nutrients, and pollutants. Despite this physical, biological and chemical connection, resource management and prior research have often treated the Delta, Bay and adjacent ocean as separate entities, compartmentalized by artificial geographic or political boundaries. The body of work herein presents a comprehensive analysis of system-wide behavior, extending a rich heritage of sediment transport research that dates back to the groundbreaking hydraulic mining-impact research of G.K. Gilbert in the early 20th century. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Barnard, Patrick L.; Jaffe, Bruce E.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Schoellhamer, David H.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Schoellhamer, David H.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[McKee, Lester J.] San Francisco Estuary Inst, Richmond, CA USA.
RP Barnard, PL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
EM pbarnard@usgs.gov
RI Jaffe, Bruce/A-9979-2012
OI Jaffe, Bruce/0000-0002-8816-5920
FU United States Geological Survey; United States Army Corps of Engineers;
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Park Service;
Delta Science Program; California State Coastal Conservancy; Regional
Monitoring Program for Water Quality in San Francisco Bay (RMP); San
Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board
FX The work contained herein has been supported by numerous agencies,
including the United States Geological Survey, United States Army Corps
of Engineers, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National
Park Service, Delta Science Program, California State Coastal
Conservancy, the Regional Monitoring Program for Water Quality in San
Francisco Bay (RMP), and the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality
Control Board. Many thanks to the editorial staff at Marine Geology,
particularly Editor-in-Chief J.T. Wells and Journal Manager Vivia
Valentina, for facilitating the production of this special issue, as
well the international sediment transport community for reviewing these
papers.
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JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
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DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.04.005
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SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300002
ER
PT J
AU Greene, HG
Endris, C
Vallier, T
Goldern, N
Cross, J
Ryan, H
Dieter, B
Niven, E
AF Greene, H. Gary
Endris, Charlie
Vallier, Tracy
Goldern, Nadine
Cross, Jeffery
Ryan, Holly
Dieter, Bryan
Niven, Eric
TI Sub-tidal benthic habitats of central San Francisco Bay and offshore
Golden Gate area - A review
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE estuary benthic habitats; multibeam echosounder bathymetry; geology;
fisheries
AB Deep-water potential estuarine and marine benthic habitat types were defined from a variety of new and interpreted data sets in central San Francisco Bay and offshore Golden Gate area including multibeam echosounder (MBES), side-scan sonar and bottom grab samples. Potential estuarine benthic habitats identified for the first time range from hard bedrock outcrops on island and mainland flanks and some Bay floor regions, to soft, very dynamic bedforms consisting of sediment waves and ripples. Soft sediment ranges from mud and sand to bimodal (two or more grain sizes) sediment of gravel, pebbles, and cobbles. In addition, considerable anthropogenic features (i.e., pipelines, bridge abutments, dredged channels, dump sites) were distinguished.
Of the 52 potential benthic habitat types mapped (compressed to 14 types for this paper), 24 were of unconsolidated sediment with five of these comprised of dynamic bedforms or sediment waves and dunes, five of mixed (soft over hard) substrate type, six of hard substrate or rock outcrop, 13 of anthropogenically disturbed areas and four hard anthropogenic features. Rock outcrops and rubble are considered the primary habitat type for rockfish (Sebastes spp.), lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus) and in shallow water for herring (Clupea pallasii) spawning. Dynamic bedforms such as sand waves are considered potential foraging habitat for juvenile lingcod, may be sub-tidal habitat for the Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus) forage fish, and possibly resting habitat for migratory fishes such as sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris).
The potential marine benthic habitats identified in San Francisco Bay are not unlike those found in other estuaries around the world and this study should contribute significant information that will be of interest to scientists, managers and fishers investigating and utilizing bay and estuarine resources. As described in the many papers of this special issue, the understanding of the interrelationship of geology and ecology is critical to the identification of essential habitats and the sustainability of a healthy ecosystem. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Greene, H. Gary; Endris, Charlie; Vallier, Tracy; Dieter, Bryan; Niven, Eric] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Ctr Habitat Studies, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Goldern, Nadine] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Cross, Jeffery] Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resources Program Ctr, Ocean & Coastal Resources Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Ryan, Holly] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Greene, HG (reprint author), Moss Landing Marine Labs, Ctr Habitat Studies, 8272 Moss Landing Rd, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
EM greene@mlml.caltate.edu; cendris@mlml.calstate.edu;
tvallier@hotmail.com; ngolden@usgs.gov; jeffrey_cross@nps.gov;
hryan@usgs.gov; dieter.bryan@hotmail.com; eniven@mlml.calstate.edu
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PD NOV 1
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SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300004
ER
PT J
AU McKee, LJ
Lewicki, M
Schoellhamer, DH
Ganju, NK
AF McKee, L. J.
Lewicki, M.
Schoellhamer, D. H.
Ganju, N. K.
TI Comparison of sediment supply to San Francisco Bay from watersheds
draining the Bay Area and the Central Valley of California
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Suspended sediment; Sediment load; Watershed; Climatic variation;
Management; Estuary
ID RIVER; ESTUARY; LOADS; DISCHARGE; BUDGET; VARIABILITY; REDUCTIONS;
AUSTRALIA; MERCURY; CARBON
AB Quantifying suspended sediment loads is important for managing the world's estuaries in the context of navigation, pollutant transport, wetland restoration, and coastal erosion. To address these needs, a comprehensive analysis was completed on sediment supply to San Francisco Bay from fluvial sources. Suspended sediment, optical backscatter, velocity data near the head of the estuary, and discharge data obtained from the output of a water balance model were used to generate continuous suspended sediment concentration records and compute loads to the Bay from the large Central Valley watershed. Sediment loads from small tributary watersheds around the Bay were determined using 235 station-years of suspended sediment data from 38 watershed locations, regression analysis, and simple modeling. Over 16 years, net annual suspended sediment load to the head of the estuary from its 154,000 km(2) Central Valley watershed varied from 0.13 to 2.58 (mean = 0.89) million metric t of suspended sediment, or an average yield of 11 metric t/km(2)/yr. Small tributaries, totaling 8145 km(2), in the nine-county Bay Area discharged between 0.081 and 4.27 (mean = 139) million metric t with a mean yield of 212 metric t/km(2)/yr. The results indicate that the hundreds of urbanized and tectonically active tributaries adjacent to the Bay, which together account for just 5% of the total watershed area draining to the Bay and provide just 7% of the annual average fluvial flow, supply 61% of the suspended sediment. The small tributary loads are more variable (53-fold between years compared to 21-fold for the inland Central Valley rivers) and dominated fluvial sediment supply to the Bay during 10 out of 16 yr. If San Francisco Bay is typical of other estuaries in active tectonic or climatically variable coastal regimes, managers responsible for water quality, dredging and reusing sediment accumulating in shipping channels, or restoring wetlands in the world's estuaries may need to more carefully account for proximal small urbanized watersheds that may dominate sediment supply. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [McKee, L. J.] San Francisco Estuary Inst, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
[Lewicki, M.] Arcadis, Seattle, WA USA.
[Schoellhamer, D. H.] USGS, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Ganju, N. K.] USGS, Woods Hole, MA USA.
RP McKee, LJ (reprint author), San Francisco Estuary Inst, 4911 Cent Ave, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
EM lester@sfei.org
RI Ganju, Neil/P-4409-2014;
OI Ganju, Neil/0000-0002-1096-0465
FU Regional Monitoring Program for Water Quality in San Francisco Bay (RMP)
FX This work, although not directly supported by any individual grant, was
made possible by a series of studies funded over the last 18 yr by the
Regional Monitoring Program for Water Quality in San Francisco Bay
(RMP). As such, the authors are indebted to the various review and
oversight committees of the RMP and the recognition of the importance of
a systematic understanding of fluvial and tidal sediment transport
science to the management of the San Francisco Bay that resulted in the
publication of at least a dozen technical reports and a number of
previous manuscripts by the authors. The estimates of long-term mean
annual sediment loads presented here are only possible because of the
diligent staff of the Hydrologic Monitoring Program of the USGS
California Water Science Center. J. Toby Minear, USGS, provided
information about areas upstream from Central Valley dams. Cartographic
support for Fig. 1 was provided by Marcus Klatt of SFEI. Alicia
Gilbreath and Nicole David of SFEI assisted with load computations.
Statistical support for small tributaries trend analysis was provided by
Ben K. Greenfield (formerly of SFEI; UC Berkeley, Ph.D. candidate). We
are indebted to encouragement provided by Patrick Barnard (USGS) and
thoughtful review suggestions provided by Rainer Hoenicke, Nicole David,
Sarah Pearce, Julie Beagle, Jeffrey Haltiner, Andrew Collison, Mathieu
Marineau, and one other anonymous external reviewer.
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PD NOV 1
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VL 345
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DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.03.003
PG 16
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SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300005
ER
PT J
AU Schoellhamer, DH
Wright, SA
Drexler, JZ
AF Schoellhamer, David H.
Wright, Scott A.
Drexler, Judith Z.
TI Adjustment of the San Francisco estuary and watershed to decreasing
sediment supply in the 20th century
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment transport; San Francisco Bay; Sacramento Valley; hydraulic
mining; dams; sediment supply
ID ZEALAND LOWLAND STREAM; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; RIVER SEDIMENT; CALIFORNIA;
FLUX; REHABILITATION; GEOMORPHOLOGY; MACROPHYTES; MECHANISMS; ORGANISMS
AB The general progression of human land use is an initial disturbance (e.g., deforestation, mining, agricultural expansion, overgrazing, and urbanization) that creates a sediment pulse to an estuary followed by dams that reduce sediment supply. We present a conceptual model of the effects of increasing followed by decreasing sediment supply that includes four sequential regimes, which propagate downstream: a stationary natural regime, transient increasing sediment supply, transient decreasing sediment supply, and a stationary altered regime. The model features characteristic lines that separate the four regimes. Previous studies of the San Francisco Estuary and watershed are synthesized in the context of this conceptual model. Hydraulic mining for gold in the watershed increased sediment supply to the estuary in the late 1800s. Adjustment to decreasing sediment supply began in the watershed and upper estuary around 1900 and in the lower estuary in the 1950s. Large freshwater flow in the late 1990s caused a step adjustment throughout the estuary and watershed. It is likely that the estuary and watershed are still capable of adjusting but further adjustment will be as steps that occur only during greater floods than previously experienced during the adjustment period. Humans are actively managing the system to try to prevent greater floods. If this hypothesis of step changes occurring for larger flows is true, then the return interval of step changes will increase or, if humans successfully control floods in perpetuity, there will be no more step changes. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Schoellhamer, David H.; Wright, Scott A.; Drexler, Judith Z.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
RP Schoellhamer, DH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 6000J St,Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM dschoell@usgs.gov
FU United States Bureau of Reclamation; San Francisco District of the
United States Army Corps of Engineers; Delta Science Program; USGS
Priority Ecosystem Science Program
FX We thank Jim O'Conner, L Allan James, and one anonymous reviewer for
their helpful comments on the initial manuscript. We thank the United
States Bureau of Reclamation, San Francisco District of the United
States Army Corps of Engineers, Delta Science Program, and USGS Priority
Ecosystem Science Program for their support This article is contribution
number 30 to the CASCaDE project (Computational Assessments of Scenarios
of Change for the Delta Ecosystem).
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DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.04.007
PG 9
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SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300006
ER
PT J
AU Barnard, PL
Erikson, LH
Elias, EPL
Dartnell, P
AF Barnard, Patrick L.
Erikson, Li H.
Elias, Edwin P. L.
Dartnell, Peter
TI Sediment transport patterns in the San Francisco Bay Coastal System from
cross-validation of bedform asymmetry and modeled residual flux
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bedforms; asymmetry; multibeam bathymetry; San Francisco; estuary;
sediment transport; sediment management; coastal management
ID WAVE MIGRATION; INTERTIDAL MUDFLAT; SCOTIAN SHELF; IRISH SEA; BANK;
MORPHOLOGY; ESTUARY; DUNES; BATHYMETRY; EVOLUTION
AB The morphology of similar to 45,000 bedforms from 13 multibeam bathymetry surveys was used as a proxy for identifying net bedload sediment transport directions and pathways throughout the San Francisco Bay estuary. and adjacent outer coast. The spatially-averaged shape asymmetry of the bedforms reveals distinct pathways of ebb and flood transport. Additionally, the region-wide, ebb-oriented asymmetry of 5% suggests net seaward-directed transport within the estuarine-coastal system, with significant seaward asymmetry at the mouth of San Francisco Bay (11%), through the northern reaches of the Bay (7-8%), and among the largest bedforms (21% for lambda > 50 m). This general indication for the net transport of sand to the open coast strongly suggests that anthropogenic removal of sediment from the estuary, particularly along clearly defined seaward transport pathways, will limit the supply of sand to chronically eroding, open-coast beaches. The bedform asymmetry measurements significantly agree (up to similar to 76%) with modeled annual residual transport directions derived from a hydrodynamically-calibrated numerical model, and the orientation of adjacent, flow-sculpted seafloor features such as mega-flute structures, providing a comprehensive validation of the technique. The methods described in this paper to determine well-defined, cross-validated sediment transport pathways can be applied to estuarine-coastal systems globally where bedforms are present. The results can inform and improve regional sediment management practices to more efficiently utilize often limited sediment resources and mitigate current and future sediment supply-related impacts. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Barnard, Patrick L.; Erikson, Li H.; Elias, Edwin P. L.; Dartnell, Peter] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Elias, Edwin P. L.] Deltares, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands.
RP Barnard, PL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM pbarnard@usgs.gov
FU California Ocean Protection Council; San Francisco Bay Conservation and
Development Commission (BCDC); Hanson; U.S. Geological Survey; United
States Army Corps of Engineers, San Francisco District; NOAA's Coastal
Observation Technology System (COTS) Center for Integrative Coastal
Observation, Research and Education (CICORE) program; U.S. Geological
Survey Coastal 82 Marine and Geology Program and Deltares (Netherlands)
FX The 2009 multibeam survey at the mouth of San Francisco Bay was
supported by the California Ocean Protection Council. The 2008 multibeam
survey of west-central San Francisco Bay was supported by the San
Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission (BCDC) and Hanson.
The 2007 survey of Presidio Shoal was supported by the U.S. Geological
Survey, the United States Army Corps of Engineers, San Francisco
District, and NOAA's Coastal Observation Technology System (COTS) Center
for Integrative Coastal Observation, Research and Education (CICORE)
program. The numerical modeling was supported through a Collaborative
Research Agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal 82 Marine
and Geology Program and Deltares (Netherlands).
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DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2012.10.011
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SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300007
ER
PT J
AU Erikson, LH
Wright, SA
Elias, E
Hanes, DM
Schoellhamer, DH
Largier, J
AF Erikson, Li H.
Wright, Scott A.
Elias, Edwin
Hanes, Daniel M.
Schoellhamer, David H.
Largier, John
TI The use of modeling and suspended sediment concentration measurements
for quantifying net suspended sediment transport through a large tidally
dominated inlet
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE inlet sediment flux; suspended sediment transport; estuaries; Delft3D;
San Francisco Bay
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; INTERTIDAL MUDFLAT; PABLO BAY; CALIFORNIA; FLUXES;
OCEAN
AB Sediment exchange at large energetic inlets is often difficult to quantify due complex flows, massive amounts of water and sediment exchange, and environmental conditions limiting long-term data collection. In an effort to better quantify such exchange this study investigated the use of suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) measured at an offsite location as a surrogate for sediment exchange at the tidally dominated Golden Gate inlet in San Francisco, CA. A numerical model was calibrated and validated against water and suspended sediment flux measured during a spring-neap tide cycle across the Golden Gate. The model was then run for five months and net exchange was calculated on a tidal time-scale and compared to SSC measurements at the Alcatraz monitoring site located in Central San Francisco Bay similar to 5 km from the Golden Gate. Numerically modeled tide averaged flux across the Golden Gate compared well (r(2) = 0.86, p-value <0.05) with 25 h low-pass filtered (tide averaged) SSCs measured at Alcatraz over the five month simulation period (January through April 2008). This formed a basis for the development of a simple equation relating the advective flux at Alcatraz with suspended sediment flux across the Golden Gate. Utilization of the equation with all available Alcatraz SSC data resulted in an average export rate of 1.2 Mt/yr during water years 2004 through 2010. While the rate is comparable to estimated suspended sediment inflow rates from sources within the Bay over the same time period (McKee et al., 2013-this issue), there was little variation from year to year. Exports were computed to be greatest during the wettest water year analyzed but only marginally so. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Erikson, Li H.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Wright, Scott A.; Schoellhamer, David H.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Elias, Edwin] Deltares, Delft, Netherlands.
[Hanes, Daniel M.] St Louis Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, St Louis, MO 63103 USA.
[Largier, John] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Labs, Bodega Bay, CA USA.
RP Erikson, LH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
EM lerikson@usgs.gov
FU USGS San Francisco Bay project
FX We extend our gratitude to Megan Sheridan and Chris Halle at Bodega
Marine Lab, Bodega, CA who collected and post-processed a significant
portion of the data and Paul Buchanan who manually collected the point
suspended-sediment samples used for instrument calibration. Thanks also
to two anonymous reviewers who provided constructive critiques of the
manuscript. Financial support was provided by the USGS San Francisco Bay
project (Principal Investigator Patrick Barnard).
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EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.001
PG 17
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SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300008
ER
PT J
AU McGann, M
Erikson, L
Wan, E
Powell, C
Maddocks, RF
AF McGann, Mary
Erikson, Li
Wan, Elmira
Powell, Charles, II
Maddocks, Rosalie F.
TI Distribution of biologic, anthropogenic, and volcanic constituents as a
proxy for sediment transport in the San Francisco Bay Coastal System
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE foraminifera; San Francisco Bay; anthropogenic constituents; tephra
ID BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; SALT-MARSH; ARCELLACEANS
THECAMOEBIANS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; ESTUARINE DEPOSITS;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; ISOTOPE RECORD; EVOLUTION
AB Although conventional sediment parameters (mean grain size, sorting, and skewness) and provenance have typically been used to infer sediment transport pathways, most freshwater, brackish, and marine environments are also characterized by abundant sediment constituents of biological, and possibly anthropogenic and volcanic, origin that can provide additional insight into local sedimentary processes. The biota will be spatially distributed according to its response to environmental parameters such as water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, organic carbon content, grain size, and intensity of currents and tidal flow, whereas the presence of anthropogenic and volcanic constituents will reflect proximity to source areas and whether they are fluvially- or aerially-transported. Because each of these constituents have a unique environmental signature, they are a more precise proxy for that source area than the conventional sedimentary process indicators.
This San Francisco Bay Coastal System study demonstrates that by applying a multi-proxy approach, the primary sites of sediment transport can be identified. Many of these sites are far from where the constituents originated, showing that sediment transport is widespread in the region. Although not often used, identifying and interpreting the distribution of naturally-occurring and allochthonous biologic, anthropogenic, and volcanic sediment constituents is a powerful tool to aid in the investigation of sediment transport pathways in other coastal systems. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [McGann, Mary; Wan, Elmira; Powell, Charles, II] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Erikson, Li] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Maddocks, Rosalie F.] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
RP McGann, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, PCMSC, Mail Stop 999,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM mmcgann@usgs.gov
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DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.05.006
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SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300009
ER
PT J
AU Rosenbauer, RJ
Foxgrover, AC
Hein, JR
Swarzenski, PW
AF Rosenbauer, Robert J.
Foxgrover, Amy C.
Hein, James R.
Swarzenski, Peter W.
TI A Sr-Nd isotopic study of sand-sized sediment provenance and transport
for the San Francisco Bay coastal system
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sand-sized sediment provenance and transport; isotopes; geochemical
tracers; rare earth elements; trace elements; mixing models
ID RARE-EARTH-ELEMENTS; SILICATE SEDIMENT; NORTH-ATLANTIC; NEODYMIUM;
CALIFORNIA; STRONTIUM; SEAWATER; STRATIGRAPHY; ABUNDANCES; ESTUARY
AB A diverse suite of geochemical tracers, including Sr-87/Sr-86 and Nd-143/Nd-144 isotope ratios, the rare earth elements (REEs), and select trace elements were used to determine sand-sized sediment provenance and transport pathways within the San Francisco Bay coastal system. This study complements a large interdisciplinary effort (Barnard et al., 2012) that seeks to better understand recent geomorphic change in a highly urbanized and dynamic estuarine-coastal setting. Sand-sized sediment provenance in this geologically complex system is important to estuarine resource managers and was assessed by examining the geographic distribution of this suite of geochemical tracers from the primary sources (fluvial and rock) throughout the bay, adjacent coast, and beaches. Due to their intrinsic geochemical nature, Nd-143/Nd-144 isotopic ratios provide the most resolved picture of where sediment in this system is likely sourced and how it moves through this estuarine system into the Pacific Ocean. For example, Nd isotopes confirm that the predominant source of sand-sized sediment to Suisun Bay, San Pablo Bay, and Central Bay is the Sierra Nevada Batholith via the Sacramento River, with lesser contributions from the Napa and San Joaquin Rivers. Isotopic ratios also reveal hot-spots of local sediment accumulation, such as the basalt and chert deposits around the Golden Gate Bridge and the high magnetite deposits of Ocean Beach. Sand-sized sediment that exits San Francisco Bay accumulates on the ebb-tidal delta and is in part conveyed southward by long-shore currents. Broadly, the geochemical tracers reveal a complex story of multiple sediment sources, dynamic intra-bay sediment mixing and reworking, and eventual dilution and transport by energetic marine processes. Combined geochemical results provide information on sediment movement into and through San Francisco Bay and further our understanding of how sustained anthropogenic activities which limit sediment inputs to the system (e.g., dike and dam construction) as well as those which directly remove sediments from within the Bay, such as aggregate mining and dredging, can have long-lasting effects. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Rosenbauer, Robert J.; Foxgrover, Amy C.; Hein, James R.; Swarzenski, Peter W.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Rosenbauer, RJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM brosenbauer@usgs.gov
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UT WOS:000327561300010
ER
PT J
AU Hein, JR
Mizell, K
Barnard, PL
AF Hein, James R.
Mizell, Kira
Barnard, Patrick L.
TI Sand sources and transport pathways for the San Francisco Bay coastal
system, based on X-ray diffraction mineralogy
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE San Francisco Bay; coastal system; source areas; transport pathways;
mineralogy; X-ray diffraction
ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; SEDIMENTS; EVOLUTION
AB The mineralogical compositions of 119 samples collected from throughout the San Francisco Bay coastal system, including bayfloor and seafloor, area beaches, cliff outcrops, and major drainages, were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Comparison of the mineral concentrations and application of statistical cluster analysis of XRD spectra allowed for the determination of provenances and transport pathways. The use of XRD mineral identifications provides semi-quantitative compositions needed for comparisons of beach and offshore sands with potential cliff and river sources, but the innovative cluster analysis of XRD diffraction spectra provides a unique visualization of how groups of samples within the San Francisco Bay coastal system are related so that sand-sized sediment transport pathways can be inferred.
The main vector for sediment transport as defined by the XRD analysis is from San Francisco Bay to the outer coast, where the sand then accumulates on the ebb tidal delta and also moves alongshore. This mineralogical link defines a critical pathway because large volumes of sediment have been removed from the Bay over the last century via channel dredging, aggregate mining, and borrow pit mining, with comparable volumes of erosion from the ebb tidal delta over the same period, in addition to high rates of shoreline retreat along the adjacent, open-coast beaches. Therefore, while previously only a temporal relationship was established, the transport pathway defined by mineralogical and geochemical tracers support the link between anthropogenic activities in the Bay and widespread erosion outside the Bay. The XRD results also establish the regional and local importance of sediment derived from cliff erosion, as well as both proximal and distal fluvial sources. This research is an important contribution to a broader provenance study aimed at identifying the driving forces for widespread geomorphic change in a heavily urbanized coastal-estuarine system. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hein, James R.; Mizell, Kira; Barnard, Patrick L.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Hein, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM jhein@usgs.gov
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PI AMSTERDAM
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SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
SI SI
BP 154
EP 169
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.04.003
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300011
ER
PT J
AU Wong, FL
Woodrow, DL
McGann, M
AF Wong, Florence L.
Woodrow, Donald L.
McGann, Mary
TI Heavy mineral analysis for assessing the provenance of sandy sediment in
the San Francisco Bay Coastal System
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Heavy minerals; Provenance; Sediment transport; Franciscan; Sierran
ID CALIFORNIA; REGION
AB Heavy or high-specific gravity minerals make up a small but diagnostic component of sediment that is well suited for determining the provenance and distribution of sediment transported through estuarine and coastal systems worldwide. By this means, we see that surficial sand-sized sediment in the San Francisco Bay Coastal System comes primarily from the Sierra Nevada and associated terranes by way of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and is transported with little dilution through the San Francisco Bay and out the Golden Gate. Heavy minerals document a slight change from the strictly Sierran-Sacramento mineralogy at the confluence of the two rivers to a composition that includes minor amounts of chert and other Franciscan Complex components west of Carquinez Strait. Between Carquinez Strait and the San Francisco Bar, Sierran sediment is intermingled with Franciscan-modified Sierran sediment. The latter continues out the Gate and turns southward towards beaches of the San Francisco Peninsula. The Sierran sediment also fans out from the San Francisco Bar to merge with a Sierran province on the shelf in the Gulf of the Farallones. Beach-sand sized sediment from the Russian River is transported southward to Point Reyes where it spreads out to define a Franciscan sediment province on the shelf, but does not continue southward to contribute to the sediment in the Golden Gate area. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Wong, Florence L.; Woodrow, Donald L.; McGann, Mary] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Wong, FL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM fwong@usgs.gov
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J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
SI SI
BP 170
EP 180
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.05.012
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300012
ER
PT J
AU Barnard, PL
Foxgrover, AC
Elias, EPL
Erikson, LH
Hein, JR
McGann, M
Mizell, K
Rosenbauer, RJ
Swarzenski, PW
Takesue, RK
Wong, FL
Woodrow, DL
AF Barnard, Patrick L.
Foxgrover, Amy C.
Elias, Edwin P. L.
Erikson, Li H.
Hein, James R.
McGann, Mary
Mizell, Kira
Rosenbauer, Robert J.
Swarzenski, Peter W.
Takesue, Renee K.
Wong, Florence L.
Woodrow, Donald L.
TI Integration of bed characteristics, geochemical tracers, current
measurements, and numerical modeling for assessing the provenance of
beach sand in the San Francisco Bay Coastal System
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE provenance; bedforms; sediment transport; isotopes; foraminifera; heavy
minerals; rare earth elements; numerical modeling
ID RARE-EARTH-ELEMENTS; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SURFACE SEDIMENTS; SEA-LEVEL;
ENVIRONMENTAL MAGNETISM; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; INTERTIDAL MUDFLAT;
MARINE-SEDIMENTS; HEAVY MINERALS; ESTUARINE
AB Over 150 million m(3) of sand-sized sediment has disappeared from the central region of the San Francisco Bay Coastal System during the last half century. This enormous loss may reflect numerous anthropogenic influences, such as watershed damming, bay-fill development, aggregate mining, and dredging. The reduction in Bay sediment also appears to be linked to a reduction in sediment supply and recent widespread erosion of adjacent beaches, wetlands, and submarine environments. A unique, multi-faceted provenance study was performed to definitively establish the primary sources, sinks, and transport pathways of beach-sized sand in the region, thereby identifying the activities and processes that directly limit supply to the outer coast. This integrative program is based on comprehensive surficial sediment sampling of the San Francisco Bay Coastal System, including the seabed, Bay floor, area beaches, adjacent rock units, and major drainages. Analyses of sample morphometrics and biological composition (e.g., Foraminifera) were then integrated with a suite of tracers including Sr-87/Sr-86 and Nd-143/Nd-144 isotopes, rare earth elements, semi-quantitative X-ray diffraction mineralogy, and heavy minerals, and with process-based numerical modeling, in situ current measurements, and bedform asymmetry to robustly determine the provenance of beach-sized sand in the region. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Barnard, Patrick L.; Foxgrover, Amy C.; Elias, Edwin P. L.; Erikson, Li H.; Hein, James R.; McGann, Mary; Mizell, Kira; Rosenbauer, Robert J.; Swarzenski, Peter W.; Takesue, Renee K.; Wong, Florence L.; Woodrow, Donald L.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Elias, Edwin P. L.] Deltares, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands.
RP Barnard, PL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM pbarnard@usgs.gov
FU United States Army Corps of Engineers, San Francisco District; United
States Army Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles District; California
Sediment Management Workgroup; United States Geological Survey Coastal
and Marine Geology Program
FX This research was supported by the United States Army Corps of
Engineers, San Francisco and Los Angeles Districts, the California
Sediment Management Workgroup, and the United States Geological Survey
Coastal and Marine Geology Program. Thanks to Scott Wright (USGS Water
Resources Division), the San Francisco Estuary Institute, and Applied
Marine Sciences, Inc., for collecting samples used in this research.
Many thanks to the crew of the R/V Snavely, Pete Dal Ferro, Jackson
Currie, Jamie Grover, Tim Elfers, Jenny White, and Greg Gable (all of
the USGS), and to the numerous folks that assisted with sample
collection including: Dan Hoover, Jeff Hansen, Kira Runtzel, Julia
Klofas, and Leticia Diaz (all of USGS), Isaac Jones (San Francisco State
University), and Brenda Goeden, Carolynn Box, Pascale Soumoy, and Jenny
Quay (all of BCDC). Thanks to Josh Logan (USGS) for automating the
averaging of directional transport data. Sample preparation and
processing were performed by Angela Lam and Tracey Conrad at USGS.
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J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
SI SI
BP 181
EP 206
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.08.007
PG 26
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SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300013
ER
PT J
AU Elias, EPL
Hansen, JE
AF Elias, Edwin P. L.
Hansen, Jeff E.
TI Understanding processes controlling sediment transports at the mouth of
a highly energetic inlet system (San Francisco Bay, CA)
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE San Francisco Bay; Delft3D; process-based model; sediment transport
ID CALIFORNIA; CURRENTS; OCEAN; MODEL
AB San Francisco Bay is one of the largest estuaries along the U.S. West Coast and is linked to the Pacific Ocean through the Golden Gate, a 100 m deep bedrock inlet. A coupled wave, flow and sediment transport model is used to quantify the sediment linkages between San Francisco Bay, the Golden Gate, and the adjacent open coast. Flow and sediment transport processes are investigated using an ensemble average of 24 climatologically derived wave cases and a 24.8 h representative tidal cycle. The model simulations show that within the inlet, flow and sediment transport is tidally dominated and driven by asymmetry of the ebb and flood tides. Peak ebb velocities exceed the peak flood velocities in the narrow Golden Gate channel as a result of flow convergence and acceleration. Persistent flow and sediment gyres at the headland tips are formed that limit sediment transfer from the ebb-tidal delta to the inlet and into the bay. The residual transport pattern in the inlet is dominated by a lateral segregation with a large ebb-dominant sediment transport (and flow) prevailing along the deeper north side of the Golden Gate channel, and smaller flood dominant transports along the shallow southern margin. The seaward edge of the ebb-tidal delta largely corresponds to the seaward extent of strong tidal flows. On the ebb-tidal delta, both waves and tidal forcing govern flow and sediment transport. Wave focusing by the ebb-tidal delta leads to strong patterns of sediment convergence and divergence along the adjacent Ocean Beach. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Elias, Edwin P. L.; Hansen, Jeff E.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95062 USA.
[Hansen, Jeff E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Elias, EPL (reprint author), Deltares, POB 177, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands.
EM Edwin.elias@deltares.nl; Jeff_hansen@usgs.gov
RI Hansen, Jeff/H-9350-2014
OI Hansen, Jeff/0000-0002-8882-3866
FU U.S. Geological Survey Coastal Marine and Geology Program; Deltares
(Netherlands); U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (San Francisco District)
FX This work and funding was made possible through a Collaborative Research
Agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal Marine and Geology
Program and Deltares (Netherlands). Additional funding and support was
provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (San Francisco District).
Li Erikson, Patrick Barnard and Dan Hanes help in providing data, and
their discussions, insights and interpretations of data and model
results are greatly appreciated.
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JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
SI SI
BP 207
EP 220
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2012.07.003
PG 14
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SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300014
ER
PT J
AU Hansen, JE
Elias, E
Barnard, PL
AF Hansen, Jeff E.
Elias, Edwin
Barnard, Patrick L.
TI Changes in surfzone morphodynamics driven by multi-decadal contraction
of a large ebb-tidal delta
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alongshore momentum balance; Alongshore sediment transport; Ebb-tidal
delta; Inlet; San Francisco Bay
ID EQUILIBRIUM BEACH PROFILES; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SOUTH-CAROLINA; UNIFIED
VIEW; NORTH-CAROLINA; NEW-ZEALAND; INLET; WAVES; SHORELINE; CURRENTS
AB The impact of multi-decadal, large-scale deflation (76 million m(3) of sediment loss) and contraction (similar to 1 km) of a 150 km(2) ebb-tidal delta on hydrodynamics and sediment transport at adjacent Ocean Beach in San Francisco, CA (USA), is examined using a coupled wave and circulation model. The model is forced with representative wave and tidal conditions using recent (2005) and historic (1956) ebb-tidal delta bathymetry data sets. Comparison of the simulations indicates that along north/south trending Ocean Beach the contraction and deflation of the ebb-tidal delta have resulted in significant differences in the flow and sediment dynamics. Between 1956 and 2005 the transverse bar (the shallow attachment point of the ebb-tidal delta to the shoreline) migrated northward similar to 1 km toward the inlet while a persistent alongshore flow and transport divergence point migrated south by similar to 500 m such that these features now overlap. A reduction in tidal prism and sediment supply over the last century has resulted in a net decrease in offshore tidal current-generated sediment transport at the mouth of San Francisco Bay, and a relative increase in onshore-directed wave-driven transport toward the inlet, accounting for the observed contraction of the ebb-tidal delta. Alongshore migration of the transverse bar and alongshore flow divergence have resulted in an increasing proportion of onshore migrating sediment from the ebb-tidal delta to be transported north along the beach in 2005 versus south in 1956. The northerly migrating sediment is then trapped by Pt. Lobos, a rocky headland at the northern extreme of the beach, consistent with the observed shoreline accretion in this area. Conversely, alongshore migration of the transverse bar and divergence point has decreased the sediment supply to southern Ocean Beach, consistent with the observed erosion of the shoreline in this area. This study illustrates the utility of applying a high-resolution coupled circulation-wave model for understanding coastal response to large-scale bathymetric changes over multi-decadal timescales, common to many coastal systems adjacent to urbanized estuaries and watersheds worldwide. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hansen, Jeff E.; Elias, Edwin; Barnard, Patrick L.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Hansen, Jeff E.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Earth & Environm, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Elias, Edwin] Deltares, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands.
RP Hansen, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM jeff.hansen@uwa.edu.au
RI Hansen, Jeff/H-9350-2014
OI Hansen, Jeff/0000-0002-8882-3866
FU US Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program; US Army Corps
of Engineers (San Francisco District); US Geological Survey; Deltares
(Netherlands)
FX This work was funded by the US Geological Survey Coastal and Marine
Geology Program, US Army Corps of Engineers (San Francisco District), as
well as through a collaborative agreement between the US Geological
Survey and Deltares (Netherlands). Li Erikson is thanked for providing
the Golden Gate transect data.
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JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
SI SI
BP 221
EP 234
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.07.005
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300015
ER
PT J
AU van der Wegen, M
Jaffe, BE
AF van der Wegen, M.
Jaffe, B. E.
TI Does centennial morphodynamic evolution lead to higher channel
efficiency in San Pablo Bay, California?
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE estuarine geomorphology; process-based modeling; energy dissipation;
tidal channel evolution
ID EMPIRICAL STABILITY RELATIONSHIPS; CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA; EQUILIBRIUM;
ESTUARIES; SEDIMENT; MORPHOLOGY; TRANSPORT; GEOMETRY; INLETS; MODEL
AB Measured bathymetries on 30 year interval over the past 150 years show that San Pablo Bay experienced periods of considerable deposition followed by periods of net erosion. However, the main channel in San Pablo Bay has continuously narrowed. The underlying mechanisms and consequences of this tidal channel evolution are not well understood.
The central question of this study is whether tidal channels evolve towards a geometry that leads to more efficient hydraulic conveyance and sediment throughput. We applied a hydrodynamic process-based, numerical model (Delft3D), which was run on 5 San Pablo Bay bathymetries measured between 1856 and 1983.
Model results shows increasing energy dissipation levels for lower water flows leading to an approximately 15% lower efficiency in 1983 compared to 1856. During the same period the relative seaward sediment throughput through the San Pablo Bay main channel increased by 10%. A probable explanation is that San Pablo Bay is still affected by the excessive historic sediment supply. Sea level rise and Delta surface water area variations over 150 years have limited effect on the model results. With expected lower sediment concentrations in the watershed and less impact of wind waves due to erosion of the shallow flats, it is possible that energy dissipations levels will decrease again in future decades. Our study suggests that the morphodynamic adaptation time scale to excessive variations in sediment supply to estuaries may be on the order of centuries. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [van der Wegen, M.] UNESCO IHE, NL-2601 DA Delft, Netherlands.
[Jaffe, B. E.] USGS, USGS Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP van der Wegen, M (reprint author), UNESCO IHE, POB 3015, NL-2601 DA Delft, Netherlands.
EM m.vanderwegen@unesco-ihe.org; bjaffe@usgs.gov
RI Jaffe, Bruce/A-9979-2012; van der Wegen, Mick/C-6787-2009
OI Jaffe, Bruce/0000-0002-8816-5920; van der Wegen,
Mick/0000-0002-5227-2679
FU US Geological Survey Priority Ecosystem Studies; CALFED
FX The research is part of the US Geological Survey CASCaDE climate change
project (CASCaDE contribution 30). The authors acknowledge the US
Geological Survey Priority Ecosystem Studies and CALFED for making this
research financially possible. The comments of Andrew Stevens (USGS
review), David Schoellhamer (guest Editor), Ian Townend (HR Wallingford)
and an anonymous reviewer were very supportive and significantly
improved this manuscript.
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JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
SI SI
BP 254
EP 265
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.020
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300017
ER
PT J
AU Manning, AJ
Schoellhamer, DH
AF Manning, A. J.
Schoellhamer, D. H.
TI Factors controlling floc settling velocity along a longitudinal
estuarine transect
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE San Francisco Bay; flocculation; settling velocity; suspended sediment
concentration; cohesive sediment; mixed sediment; macrofloc; INSSEV-LF;
mass settling flux
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; COHESIVE SEDIMENT; FLOCCULATION;
CALIFORNIA; SIZE; PARTICLES; MATTER; MODEL; SACRAMENTO
AB A 147 km longitudinal transect of flocculated cohesive sediment properties in San Francisco Bay (SFB) was conducted on June 17th, 2008. Our aim was to determine the factors that control floc settling velocity along the longitudinal axis of the estuary. The INSSEV-LF video system was used to measure floc diameters and settling velocities at 30 stations at a distance of 0.7 m above the estuary bed. Floc sizes (D) ranged from 22 mu m to 639 mu m and settling velocities (Ws) ranged between 0.04 mm.s(-1) and 15.8 mm.s(-1) during the longitudinal transect. Nearbed turbulent shear stresses throughout the transect duration were within the 0.2-0.5 Pa range which typically stimulates flocculation growth. The individual D-Ws-floc density plots suggest the suspended sediments encountered throughout SFB were composed of both muddy cohesive sediment and mixed sediments flocs. Mass-weighted population mean settling velocity (Ws(mass)) ranged from 0.5 mm.s(-1) to 10 mm.s(-1). The macrofloc and microfloc (demarcation at 160 mu m) sub-populations demonstrated parameterised settling velocities which spanned nearly double the range of the sample mean settling velocities (WSmean). The macroflocs tended to dominate the suspended mass (up to 77% of the ambient suspended solid concentration; SSC) from San Pablo Bay to Carquinez Strait (the vicinity of the turbidity maximum zone). Microfloc mass was particularly significant (typically 60-100% of the SSC) in the northern section of South Bay and most of Central Bay. The transect took eleven hours to complete and was not fully synoptic. During slack tide, larger and faster settling flocs deposited, accounting for most of the longitudinal variability. The best single predictor of settling velocity was water velocity 39 min prior to sampling, not suspended-sediment concentration or salinity. Resuspension and settling lags are likely responsible for the lagged response of settling velocity to water velocity. The distribution of individual floc diameters and settling velocities indicates that floc density for a given floc diameter varies greatly. A small portion (a few percent) of suspended sediment mass in SFB is sand-sized and inclusion of sand in flocs appears likely. Fractal theory for cohesive sediment assumes that there is a single primary particle size that flocculates, which is not the case for these types of mixed sediment flocs. The wide variability in the physical, biological and chemical processes which contribute to flocculation within SFB means that spatial floc data is required in order to accurately represent the diverse floc dynamics present in the Bay system. The importance in determining accurate estimates of floc density has been highlighted by the SFB data, as these provide the basis for realistic distributions of floc dry mass and the mass settling flux across a floc population. However, although video floc sampling devices can produce the various floc property trends observed in SFB, good survey practice is still paramount. One can see that if the sampling coverage (i.e. data collection frequency) is poor, this could lead to potential mis-interpretations of the data and only limited conclusions may be drawn from such a restricted survey. For example, a limited survey (i.e. only 3 stations, compared to the 10 stations in the full survey) in South Bay produces an under-estimate in both the macrofloc SSCmacro distribution by a factor of four and the Ws(macro) by a factor of two.
To develop sediment transport numerical models for SFB, high quality floc size and settling data are needed to understand and simulate the depositional qualities of both suspended cohesive sediment and mixed sediments in San Francisco Bay. This study has shown that the most pragmatic solution is a physically-based approach, whereby the detailed flocs D vs. Ws spectra are parameterised in terms of their macrofloc and microfloc properties. This aids in model calibration, whilst retaining more of the dynamical aspects of the floc populations. All forms of flocculation are dynamically active processes, therefore it is important to also include both SSC and turbulence functions together with the floc data. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Manning, A. J.] HR Wallingford, Wallingford OX10 8BA, Oxon, England.
[Manning, A. J.] Univ Plymouth, Sch Marine Sci & Engn, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England.
[Manning, A. J.] Univ Hull, Dept Geog Environm & Earth Sci, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England.
[Schoellhamer, D. H.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Schoellhamer, D. H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Manning, AJ (reprint author), HR Wallingford, Howbery Pk, Wallingford OX10 8BA, Oxon, England.
EM andymanning@yahoo.com; dschoell@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey [G11AC20352]; HR Wallingford [DDS0280]; HR
Wallingford Company Research 'Sediment in Transitional Environments -
SiTE' project [DDY0427]
FX The authors would like to thank Jessica Wood, Scott Wright and the RV
Polaris crew (Byron Richards, Scott Conard, Sarah Foster, Cate Phillips,
Tara Schraga) for their help and assistance during the San Francisco Bay
cruise. We thank Michael MacWilliams of Delta Modeling Associates Inc.
for providing hydrodynamic model output. Prof. Manning would like to
thank his HR Wallingford Coasts & Estuaries colleagues Prof. Richard
Whitehouse and Tim Chesher, for their continued support throughout the
SFB surveys. The preparation of this paper was partly funded by both the
US Geological Survey Co-operative Agreement Award (G11AC20352) with HR
Wallingford (DDS0280) and the HR Wallingford Company Research 'Sediment
in Transitional Environments - SiTE' project (DDY0427).
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JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
SI SI
BP 266
EP 280
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.018
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300018
ER
PT J
AU Shellenbarger, GG
Wright, SA
Schoellhamer, DH
AF Shellenbarger, Gregory G.
Wright, Scott A.
Schoellhamer, David H.
TI A sediment budget for the southern reach in San Francisco Bay, CA:
Implications for habitat restoration
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE suspended-sediment flux; tidal; restoration; Monte Carlo; San Francisco
Bay; sediment transport
ID SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS; RIVER ESTUARY; NEW-ZEALAND;
STABILITY; CALIFORNIA; DELTA; SACRAMENTO; AUSTRALIA; ABUNDANCE
AB The South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project is overseeing the restoration of about 6000 ha of former commercial salt-evaporation ponds to tidal marsh and managed wetlands in the southern reach of San Francisco Bay (SFB). As a result of regional groundwater overdrafts prior to the 1970s, parts of the project area have subsided below sea-level and will require between 29 and 45 million m(3) of sediment to raise the surface of the subsided areas to elevations appropriate for tidal marsh colonization and development. Therefore, a sufficient sediment supply to the far south SFB subembayment is a critical variable for achieving restoration goals. Although both major tributaries to far south SFB have been seasonally gaged for sediment since 2004, the sediment flux at the Dumbarton Narrows, the bayward boundary of far south SFB, has not been quantified until recently. Using daily suspended-sediment flux data from the gages on Guadalupe River and Coyote Creek, combined with continuous suspended-sediment flux data at Dumbarton Narrows, we computed a sediment budget for far south SFB during Water Years 2009-2011. A Monte Carlo approach was used to quantify the uncertainty of the flux estimates. The sediment flux past Dumbarton Narrows from the north dominates the input to the subembayment However, environmental conditions in the spring can dramatically influence the direction of springtime flux, which appears to be a dominant influence on the net annual flux. It is estimated that up to several millennia may be required for natural tributary sediments to fill the accommodation space of the subsided former salt ponds, whereas supply from the rest of the bay could fill the space in several centuries. Uncertainty in the measurement of sediment flux is large, in part because small suspended-sediment concentration differences between flood and ebb tides can lead to large differences in total mass exchange. Using Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the random error associated with this uncertainty provides a more statistically rigorous method of quantifying this uncertainty than the more typical "sum of errors" approach. The results of this study reinforce the need for measurement of estuarine sediment fluxes over multiple years (multiple hydrologic conditions) to adequately detail the variability in flux. Additionally, the timing of breaching events for the restoration project could be tied to annual hydrologic conditions to capitalize on increased regional sediment supply. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Shellenbarger, Gregory G.; Wright, Scott A.; Schoellhamer, David H.] US Geol Survey, CA Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
RP Shellenbarger, GG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, CA Water Sci Ctr, Placer Hall,6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM gshellen@usgs.gov; sawright@usgs.gov; dschoell@usgs.gov
FU USGS-San Francisco Bay Pilot Study for the National Water Quality
Monitoring Network for U.S. Coastal Waters and their Tributaries;
USGS-Office of Water Quality; USGS-Priority Ecosystem Science Program;
US Army Corps of Engineers/Regional Monitoring Program; Santa Clara
Valley Water District; City of San Jose-Environmental Services
Department
FX Funding for this study has been provided by the USGS-San Francisco Bay
Pilot Study for the National Water Quality Monitoring Network for U.S.
Coastal Waters and their Tributaries, USGS-Office of Water Quality,
USGS-Priority Ecosystem Science Program, and the US Army Corps of
Engineers/Regional Monitoring Program. The stations at Coyote Creek and
Guadalupe River are partly supported by the Santa Clara Valley Water
District and the City of San Jose-Environmental Services Department.
Paul Buchanan, Mike Farber, Amber Forest, Tara Morgan-King, Kurt
Weidich, Brooks Weisser, Daniel Whealdon-Haught, Rob Wilson, and Larry
Freeman were critical for the data collection and processing. Maureen
Downing-Kunz, Laura Valoppi, and two anonymous reviewers provided
helpful comments to a draft of this manuscript. The use of firm, trade,
and brand names is for identification purposes only and does not
constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 40
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U1 3
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
SI SI
BP 281
EP 293
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.05.007
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300019
ER
PT J
AU Jones, CA
Jaffe, BE
AF Jones, Craig A.
Jaffe, Bruce E.
TI Influence of history and environment on the sediment dynamics of
intertidal flats
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE intertidal flat; sediment dynamics; sediment erosion; bathymetry change;
morphology; cohesive sediment; sediment properties
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; BOTTOM SEDIMENTS; TIDAL CURRENTS; BULK-DENSITY;
MUDFLAT; EROSION; SHAPE; ERODIBILITY; CALIFORNIA; MODEL
AB Morphological trends of three distinct intertidal environments in South San Francisco Bay were investigated using a combination of measurement and modeling tools. Because of the inherent relationship between the physical environment and the sediment properties, the sediment properties provide a good indicator of morphologic trends. A significant finding of this study is that surface sediment erodibility increases as the energy level in the environment increases. Conversely subsurface sediment erodibility shows a strong relationship to the long-term history of the site. The combination of the measured sediment properties, the history of deposition and erosion, and simple modeling of the physical environment illustrate the interaction of these properties such that an understanding of intertidal flat behavior is developed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jones, Craig A.] Sea Engn Inc, Santa Cruz, CA 95062 USA.
[Jaffe, Bruce E.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95062 USA.
RP Jones, CA (reprint author), Sea Engn Inc, 200 Washington St,Suite 101, Santa Cruz, CA 95062 USA.
EM craigseaeng@gmail.com; bjaffe@usgs.gov
RI Jaffe, Bruce/A-9979-2012
OI Jaffe, Bruce/0000-0002-8816-5920
FU USGS Coastal and Marine Geology and Priority Ecosystem Science programs
FX The authors would like to express thanks to all for the assistance in
data analysis, figure production, generation of productive discussion,
and general support along the way. Thanks to Kurt Nelson of Sea
Engineering, Inc. for his responsive and proactive help in digging deep
into the Sedflume datasets and helping produce a range of ever changing
figure requests. Thanks to Theresa Fregoso for her contributions to the
spatial analysis. Bruce Jaffe's contribution to this study was funded by
the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology and Priority Ecosystem Science
programs.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
SI SI
BP 294
EP 303
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.05.011
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300020
ER
PT J
AU Hestir, EL
Schoellhamer, DH
Morgan-King, T
Ustin, SL
AF Hestir, Erin L.
Schoellhamer, David H.
Morgan-King, Tara
Ustin, Susan L.
TI A step decrease in sediment concentration in a highly modified tidal
river delta following the 1983 El Nino floods
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE total suspended solids; San Francisco Estuary; step change; sediment
supply; El Nino
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; STRUCTURAL-CHANGE MODELS; FRESH-WATER FLOW; SUSPENDED
SEDIMENT; JOAQUIN DELTA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CALIFORNIA; SACRAMENTO;
ESTUARY; FLUX
AB Anthropogenic activities in watersheds can have profound effects on sediment transport through river systems to estuaries. Disturbance in a watershed combined with alterations to the hydro-climatologic regime may result in changes to the sediment flux, and exacerbate the impacts of extreme events (such as large-magnitude floods) on sediment transport. In the San Francisco Estuary, suspended sediment has been declining over the past 30 years as a result of declining sediment supply, contributing to dramatic changes in the ecology and geomorphology of the estuary. However, the decline has not been gradual. Recent observations of an abrupt decrease in suspended sediments in the San Francisco Bay have been explained by a model that suggests that the step change has occurred due to exceedance of a sediment regulation threshold that triggered the change from a sediment transport regime to a supply-limited system. We investigated structural changes in the historical record of total suspended solids (TSS) concentration measured in the upper estuary to verify the model predictions. TSS in the upper estuary exhibited an abrupt step decrease in 1983 corresponding to the record-high winter and summer flows from the 1982 to 1983 El Nino event. After this step change, TSS concentrations had a significant declining trend despite subsequent near-record high flows. The abrupt change in TSS followed by the declining trend provides evidence for the hypothesis of sediment supply limitation in the San Francisco Estuary. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hestir, Erin L.] CSIRO, Div Land & Water, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Schoellhamer, David H.; Morgan-King, Tara] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Hestir, Erin L.; Ustin, Susan L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Ctr Spatial Technol & Remote Sensing CSTARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Hestir, EL (reprint author), POB 1666, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia.
EM erin.hestir@csiro.au
RI Hestir, Erin/B-1288-2012
OI Hestir, Erin/0000-0002-4673-5745
FU Interagency Ecological Program through California Department of Water
Resources [4600008137-T4]; US Department of the Interior [R10AC20098];
Division of Land and Water and Healthy Water Ecosystems Water for a
Healthy Country Flagship at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial
Research Organization (CSIRO)
FX This research was supported by the Interagency Ecological Program
through California Department of Water Resources contract 4600008137-T4
and US Department of the Interior contract R10AC20098. Additional
support was provided by the Division of Land and Water and Healthy Water
Ecosystems Water for a Healthy Country Flagship at the Commonwealth
Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO). Bruce Jaffe,
Scott Wright, Fernanda Achete, Peter Hairsine, Juan-Pablo Guerschman,
Kerrie Tompkins and an anonymous reviewer contributed improvements to
the manuscript.
NR 65
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
SI SI
BP 304
EP 313
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.05.008
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300021
ER
PT J
AU Downing-Kunz, MA
Schoellhamer, DH
AF Downing-Kunz, Maureen A.
Schoellhamer, David H.
TI Seasonal variations in suspended-sediment dynamics in the tidal reach of
an estuarine tributary
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment transport; suspended sediment; sediment flux; estuarine
tributary; San Francisco Bay; seasonal variation
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; TRANSPORT; CALIFORNIA; TURBIDITY; RIVER
AB Quantifying sediment supply from estuarine tributaries is an important component of developing a sediment budget, and common techniques for estimating supply are based on gages located above tidal influence. However, tidal interactions near tributary mouths can affect the magnitude and direction of sediment supply to the open waters of the estuary. We investigated suspended-sediment dynamics in the tidal reach of Corte Madera Creek, an estuarine tributary of San Francisco Bay, using moored acoustic and optical instruments. Flux of both water and suspended-sediment were calculated from observed water velocity and turbidity for two periods in each of wet and dry seasons during 2010. During wet periods, net suspended-sediment flux was seaward; tidally filtered flux was dominated by the advective component. In contrast, during dry periods, net flux was landward; tidally filtered flux was dominated by the dispersive component. The mechanisms generating this landward flux varied; during summer we attributed wind-wave resuspension in the estuary and subsequent transport on flood tides, whereas during autumn we attributed increased spring tide flood velocity magnitude leading to local resuspension. A quadrant analysis similar to that employed in turbulence studies was developed to summarize flux time series by quantifying the relative importance of sediment transport events. These events are categorized by the direction of velocity (flood vs. ebb) and the magnitude of concentration relative to tidally averaged conditions (relatively turbid vs. relatively clear). During wet periods, suspended-sediment flux was greatest in magnitude during relatively turbid ebbs, whereas during dry periods it was greatest in magnitude during relatively turbid floods. A conceptual model was developed to generalize seasonal differences in suspended-sediment dynamics; model application to this study demonstrated the importance of few, relatively large events on net suspended-sediment flux. These results suggest that other estuarine tributaries may alternate seasonally as sediment sinks or sources, leading to the conclusion that calculations of estuary sediment supply from local tributaries that do not account for tidal reaches may be overestimates. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Downing-Kunz, Maureen A.; Schoellhamer, David H.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
RP Downing-Kunz, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Placer Hall,6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM mokunz@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, San Francisco District, as part of a
Regional Sediment Management Program for San Francisco Bay
FX This study was supported by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, San
Francisco District, as part of a Regional Sediment Management Program
for San Francisco Bay. We also thank the San Francisco Bay Conservation
and Development Commission for their assistance. We thank Paul Buchanan,
Amber Forest, Lissa MacVean, Tara Morgan, Greg Shellenbarger, Kurt
Weidich, Brooks Weisser, Dan Whealdon-Haught, Wayne Wagner, Rob Wilson,
and Scott Wright for their assistance with data collection and analysis.
We thank Greg Shellenbarger, John Warner, and two anonymous reviewers
for reviewing this manuscript.
NR 27
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 345
SI SI
BP 314
EP 326
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.03.005
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 259YD
UT WOS:000327561300022
ER
PT J
AU Madole, RF
Mahan, SA
Romig, JH
Havens, JC
AF Madole, Richard F.
Mahan, Shannon A.
Romig, Joe H.
Havens, Jeremy C.
TI Constraints on the age of the Great Sand Dunes, Colorado, from
subsurface stratigraphy and OSL dates
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Colorado; OSL dating; Great Sand Dunes; Piedmont-slope geomorphology;
Quaternary stratigraphy; Paleolake Alamosa; Sangre de Cristo Range; San
Luis Valley
ID SOUTH-CENTRAL COLORADO; TUFF
AB The age of the Great Sand Dunes has been debated for nearly 150yr. Seven ages ranging from Miocene to late Holocene have been proposed for them. This paper presents new information-chiefly subsurface stratigraphic data, OSL dates, and geomorphic evidence-that indicates that the Great Sand Dunes began to form in the latter part of the middle Pleistocene. The dunes overlie a thick wedge of piedmont-slope deposits, which in turn overlies sediment of Lake Alamosa, a paleolake that began to drain about 440 ka. The wedge of piedmont-slope deposits extends westward for at least 23 km and is as much as 60 m thick at a distance of 10 km from the Sangre de Cristo Range. Ostracodes from one well indicate that the eastern shoreline of Lake Alamosa extended to within 4.3 km of where the Great Sand Dunes eventually formed. The time represented by the wedge of piedmont-slope deposits is not known exactly, but the wedge post-dates 440 ka and was in place prior to 130 ka because by then the dunes overlying it were sufficiently close and tall enough to obstruct streams draining from the Sangre de Cristo Range. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.
C1 [Madole, Richard F.; Mahan, Shannon A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Romig, Joe H.] Ponderosa Associates, Lafayette, CO 80026 USA.
[Havens, Jeremy C.] ADC Management Serv Inc, Lakewood, CO 80226 USA.
RP Madole, RF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 980, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM madole@usgs.gov
OI Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Bradley Scholar Program of the U.S. Geological
Survey; Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve
FX Sources of funding for this project include the U.S. Geological Survey
project "Effects of Climatic Variability and Land Use on American
Drylands" administered by the Southwest Region Geosciences and
Environmental Science Center, the Bradley Scholar Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey, and the Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve.
In addition, The Nature Conservancy provided material support and access
to their properties. We are especially grateful to Rich Reynolds,
Project Chief, Effects of Climatic Variability and Land Use on American
Drylands, for encouragement and support throughout this project. We
thank Alan Gillespie, Zhongping Lai, Nick Lancaster, and Janet Slate for
constructive comments and suggestions that improved this paper and also
the many individuals who helped in various ways, including Fred Bunch,
Andrew Valdez, and Bruce Heise (National Park Service); Eric Fisher,
Rick Forester, Harland Goldstein, Lisa Ramirez Rukstales, Randy
Schumann, and Gary Skipp (U.S. Geological Survey); Paula Hansley
(Petrographic Consultants International, Inc.); Eric Harmon (HRS Water
Consultants); and Richard Roberts (Bureau of Reclamation).
NR 26
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U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
EI 1096-0287
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 80
IS 3
BP 435
EP 446
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2013.09.009
PG 12
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 256BU
UT WOS:000327285500009
ER
PT J
AU Muhs, DR
Bettis, EA
Roberts, HM
Harlan, SS
Paces, JB
Reynolds, RL
AF Muhs, Daniel R.
Bettis, E. Arthur, III
Roberts, Helen M.
Harlan, Stephen S.
Paces, James B.
Reynolds, Richard L.
TI Chronology and provenance of last-glacial (Peoria) loess in western Iowa
and paleoclimatic implications
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Peoria loess; Iowa; Optically stimulated luminescence dating; Trace
element geochemistry; Magnetic minerals; Last glacial period;
Stratigraphy; Laurentide ice sheet; Paleoclimate
ID LATE QUATERNARY LOESS; EQUIVALENT DOSE DETERMINATIONS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER
VALLEYS; LATE PLEISTOCENE; UNITED-STATES; NORTHEASTERN COLORADO;
TRACE-ELEMENT; NORTH-AMERICA; SAR PROTOCOL; FINE-GRAINS
AB Geologic archives show that the Earth was dustier during the last glacial period. One model suggests that increased gustiness (stronger, more frequent winds) enhanced dustiness. We tested this at Loveland, Iowa, one of the thickest deposits of last-glacial-age (Peoria) loess in the world. Based on K/Rb and Ba/Rb, loess was derived not only from glaciogenic sources of the Missouri River, but also distal loess from non-glacial sources in Nebraska. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages provide the first detailed chronology of Peoria Loess at Loveland. Deposition began after similar to 27 ka and continued until similar to 17 ka. OSL ages also indicate that mass accumulation rates (MARs) of loess were not constant. MARs were highest and grain size was coarsest during the time of middle Peoria Loess accretion, similar to 23 ka, when similar to 10 m of loess accumulated in no more than similar to 2000 yr and possibly much less. The timing of coarsest grain size and highest MAR, indicating strongest winds, coincides with a summer-insolation minimum at high latitudes in North America and the maximum southward extent of the Laurentide ice sheet. These observations suggest that increased dustiness during the last glacial period was driven largely by enhanced gustiness, forced by a steepened meridional temperature gradient. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.
C1 [Muhs, Daniel R.; Paces, James B.; Reynolds, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Bettis, E. Arthur, III] Univ Iowa, Dept Geosci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Roberts, Helen M.] Aberystwyth Univ, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, Dyfed, Wales.
[Harlan, Stephen S.] Natl Sci Fdn, Arlington, VA 22230 USA.
RP Muhs, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, MS 980,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM dmuhs@usgs.gov
RI Roberts, Helen/I-1041-2012
OI Roberts, Helen/0000-0001-9649-2377
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-00-87572]; Climate and Land Use Change
Program of the US. Geological Survey
FX This work was supported in part by National Science Foundation Grant
EAR-00-87572 (Bettis) and in part by the Climate and Land Use Change
Program of the US. Geological Survey (Muhs). This is a contribution to
the USGS project "Impacts of climate change on coastal and eolian
landscapes." We thank Jeff Pigati, Dave Grimley, Mark Sweeney, Xiaoping
Yang, and Derek Booth. for helpful comments on an earlier draft of this
paper.
NR 67
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U2 28
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
EI 1096-0287
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 80
IS 3
BP 468
EP 481
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2013.06.006
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 256BU
UT WOS:000327285500012
ER
PT J
AU Stapanian, MA
Madenjian, CP
Rediske, RR
O'Keefe, JP
AF Stapanian, Martin A.
Madenjian, Charles P.
Rediske, Richard R.
O'Keefe, James P.
TI Sexual difference in PCB congener distributions of burbot (Lota Iota)
from Lake Erie
SO CHEMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Burbot; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Congener distribution; Sexual
differences; Age differences
ID POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENERS; TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; HUDSON
RIVER ESTUARY; STRIPED BASS; GREAT-LAKES; HABITAT USE; BIOACCUMULATION;
POPULATION; BAY; MICHIGAN
AB Concentrations of 86 congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined for 25 adult female and 25 adult male burbot (Lota Iota) from Lake Erie. Significant differences in mean proportions of total PCB concentration between males and females ages 14-17 were found for 26 congeners. Males generally had higher mean proportions of hexachloro congeners, whereas females had higher mean proportions of more highly chlorinated congeners. In contrast, only four congeners exhibited differences between males and females ages 6-13 in mean proportions of total PCB. Therefore, the sexual difference in PCB congener distribution widened for older burbot. Males ages 14-17 also had higher proportions of certain hexachloro congeners than the other three demographic groups (males ages 6-13, females ages 6-13, and females ages 14-17) we examined. The reverse was true for more highly chlorinated congeners. The results supported a previous hypothesis that older male burbot spent a substantial amount of time feeding in the vicinity of mouths of rivers with sediment contaminated with PCBs. However, additional studies are needed to clarify and corroborate this apparent "hot spot" effect, such as seasonal movements, spatial distributions, and diet of burbot; and PCB congener distributions of various species of prey fishes captured at various locations throughout the eastern basin of Lake Erie and at different locations in the contaminated rivers. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Stapanian, Martin A.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Madenjian, Charles P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Rediske, Richard R.; O'Keefe, James P.] Grand Valley State Univ, Annis Water Resources Inst, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
RP Stapanian, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
EM mstapanian@usgs.gov
OI Stapanian, Martin/0000-0001-8173-4273
NR 31
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U1 0
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0045-6535
EI 1879-1298
J9 CHEMOSPHERE
JI Chemosphere
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 93
IS 8
BP 1615
EP 1623
DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.016
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 252KH
UT WOS:000327003100023
PM 24001671
ER
PT J
AU Drew, DL
Bindeman, IN
Watts, KE
Schmitt, AK
Fu, B
McCurry, M
AF Drew, Dana L.
Bindeman, Ilya N.
Watts, Kathryn E.
Schmitt, Axel K.
Fu, Bin
McCurry, Michael
TI Crustal-scale recycling in caldera complexes and rift zones along the
Yellowstone hotspot track: O and Hf isotopic evidence in diverse zircons
from voluminous rhyolites of the Picabo volcanic field, Idaho
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Picabo; Snake River Plain; oxygen isotopes; caldera; rhyolite
ID SNAKE RIVER PLAIN; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; METAMORPHIC CORE COMPLEXES;
VOLUME SILICIC MAGMAS; LOW-DELTA-O-18 RHYOLITES; HIGH-TEMPERATURE;
GREAT-BASIN; SOUTHWESTERN IDAHO; OXYGEN ISOTOPES; ERUPTIVE CENTER
AB Rhyolites of the Picabo volcanic field (10.4-6.6 Ma) in eastern Idaho are preserved as thick ignimbrites and lavas along the margins of the Snake River Plain (SRP), and within a deep (>3 km) borehole near the central axis of the Yellowstone hotspot track. In this study we present new O and Hf isotope data and U-Pb geochronology for individual zircons, O isotope data for major phenocrysts (quartz, plagioclase, and pyroxene), whole rock Sr and Nd isotope ratios, and whole rock geochemistry for a suite of Picabo rhyolites. We synthesize our new datasets with published Ar-Ar geochronology to establish the eruptive framework of the Picabo volcanic field, and interpret its petrogenetic history in the context of other well-studied caldera complexes in the SRP. Caldera complex evolution at Picabo began with eruption of the 10.44 +/- 0.27 Ma (U-Pb) Tuff of Arbon Valley (TAV), a chemically zoned and normal-delta O-18 (delta O-18 magma = 7.9 parts per thousand) unit with high, zoned Sr-87/Sr-86; (0.71488-0.72520), and low-epsilon(Nd)(0) (-18) and epsilon(Hf)(0) (-28). The TAV and an associated post caldera lava flow possess the lowest epsilon(Nd)(0) (-23), indicating similar to 40-60% derivation from the Archean upper crust. Normal-delta O-18 rhyolites were followed by a series of lower-delta O-18 eruptions with more typical (lower crustal) Sr-Nd-Hf isotope ratios and whole rock chemistry. The voluminous 8.25 +/- 0.26 Ma West Pocatello rhyolite has the lowest 8180 value (delta O-18(melt) = 3.3 parts per thousand), and we correlate it to a 1,000 m thick intracaldera tuff present in the INEL-1 borehole (with published zircon ages 8.04-8.35 Ma, and similarly low-delta O-18 zircon values). The significant (4-5 parts per thousand) decrease in magmatic-delta O-18 values in Picabo rhyolites is accompanied by an increase in zircon delta O-18 heterogeneity from similar to 1 parts per thousand variation in the TAV to > 5 parts per thousand variation in the late-stage low-delta O-18 rhyolites, a trend similar to what is characteristic of Heise and Yellowstone, and which indicates remelting of variably hydrothermally altered tuffs followed by rapid batch assembly prior to eruption. However, due to the greater abundance of low-delta O-18 rhyolites at Picabo, the eruptive framework may reflect an intertwined history of caldera collapse and coeval Basin and Range rifting and hydrothermal alteration. We speculate that the source rocks with pre-existing low-delta O-18 alteration may be related to: (1) deeply buried and unexposed older deposits of Picabo-age or Twin Falls-age low-delta O-18 volcanics; and/or (2) regionally-abundant late Eocene Challis volcanics, which were hydrothermally altered near the surface prior to or during peak Picabo magmatism. Basin and Range extension, specifically the formation of metamorphic core complexes exposed in the region, could have facilitated the generation of low-delta O-18 magmas by exhuming heated rocks and creating the large water-rock ratios necessary for shallow hydrothermal alteration of tectonically (rift zones) and volcanically (calderas) buried volcanic rocks. These interpretations highlight the major processes by which supereruptive volumes of magma are generated in the SRP, mechanisms applicable to producing rhyolites worldwide that are facilitated by plume driven volcanism and extensional tectonics. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Drew, Dana L.; Bindeman, Ilya N.] 1272 Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Watts, Kathryn E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Schmitt, Axel K.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Fu, Bin] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[McCurry, Michael] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
RP Drew, DL (reprint author), 1272 Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
EM dld@uoregon.edu; bindeman@uoregon.edu; kwatts@usgs.gov;
axel@oro.ess.ucla.edu; bin.fu@anu.edu.au; mccumich@isu.edu
RI UCLA, SIMS/A-1459-2011;
OI Schmitt, Axel/0000-0002-9029-4211
FU NSF [EAR/CAREER-844772]; Instrumentation and Facilities Program,
Division of Earth Sciences, National Science Foundation
FX We thank Dylan Colon for analytical help and fieldwork assistance, Jim
Palandri, Ben Ellis, Frank Ramos, Chris Fisher, and Jeff Vervoort for
their analytical help, Les Kinsely for assistance with LA-MC-ICP-MS
analysis, and Richard Gaschnig for contributing Challis intrusive
samples. We also thank Calvin Miller, Jorge Vazquez, and an anonymous
reviewer for their thoughtful reviews, which greatly helped to improve
this paper. We also thank Angela Seligman for her help editing. This
work was supported by NSF grant EAR/CAREER-844772, and the ion
microprobe facility at UCLA utilized during this study is partly
supported by a grant from the Instrumentation and Facilities Program,
Division of Earth Sciences, National Science Foundation.
NR 91
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 381
BP 63
EP 77
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.08.007
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 257FA
UT WOS:000327367800007
ER
PT J
AU McCabe, GJ
Betancourt, JL
Pederson, GT
Schwartz, MD
AF McCabe, Gregory J.
Betancourt, Julio L.
Pederson, Gregory T.
Schwartz, Mark D.
TI Variability Common to First Leaf Dates and Snowpack in the Western
Conterminous United States
SO EARTH INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Timing of spring; Snow water equivalent; Western United States
ID AMERICAN TELECONNECTION PATTERN; DECLINING MOUNTAIN SNOWPACK;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; HEIGHT ANOMALIES; SNOWMELT RUNOFF;
EL-NINO; PRECIPITATION; PHENOLOGY; TRENDS
AB Singular value decomposition is used to identify the common variability in first leaf dates (FLDs) and 1 April snow water equivalent (SWE) for the western United States during the period 1900-2012. Results indicate two modes of joint variability that explain 57% of the variability in FLD and 69% of the variability in SWE. The first mode of joint variability is related to widespread late winter-spring warming or cooling across the entire west. The second mode can be described as a north-south dipole in temperature for FLD, as well as in cool season temperature and precipitation for SWE, that is closely correlated to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Additionally, both modes of variability indicate a relation with the Pacific-North American atmospheric pattern. These results indicate that there is a substantial amount of common variance in FLD and SWE that is related to large-scale modes of climate variability.
C1 [McCabe, Gregory J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Betancourt, Julio L.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Pederson, Gregory T.] US Geol Survey, Bozeman, MT USA.
[Schwartz, Mark D.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
RP McCabe, GJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 412, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM gmccabe@usgs.gov
NR 54
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1087-3562
J9 EARTH INTERACT
JI Earth Interact.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 17
AR 26
DI 10.1175/2013EI000549.1
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 262OR
UT WOS:000327745800001
ER
PT J
AU Van Eaton, AR
Harper, MA
Wilson, CJN
AF Van Eaton, Alexa R.
Harper, Margaret A.
Wilson, Colin J. N.
TI High-flying diatoms: Widespread dispersal of microorganisms in an
explosive volcanic eruption
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID KA ORUANUI ERUPTION; NEW-ZEALAND; PLEISTOCENE DIATOMS; SEDIMENTARY;
TRANSPORT; CLIMATE; TEPHRA; RECORD; OCEAN
AB Explosive eruptions create a transient bridge between the solid Earth and atmosphere, frequently injecting volcanic aerosols to stratospheric levels. Although known to disrupt terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems at the surface, the role of explosive volcanism in airborne transport of microscopic organisms has never been characterized. This study documents abundant freshwater diatoms (microskeletons of siliceous algae) in widespread tephra from the 25.4 ka Oruanui eruption of Taupo volcano, New Zealand. By matching the tephra-hosted species assemblages to those in coerupted clasts of lacustrine sediment, we demonstrate that similar to 0.6 km(3) of diatom remains were incorporated during magma-water interaction with a lake system overlying the vents, and were dispersed along with fine ash particles hundreds of kilometers downwind. One of the dominant species, Cyclostephanos novaezeelandiae, is endemic to New Zealand's North Island and serves as a unique identifier of the eruptive source region. Our results suggest that dispersal of microorganisms may be an overlooked feature of a number of ancient and modern eruptions, and indicate a novel pathway of microbe transport in airborne volcanic plumes. We conclude that the biogenic signatures contained within distal tephras have potential application in the characterization of eruption dynamics, location, and environmental settings of volcanic source areas.
C1 [Van Eaton, Alexa R.; Harper, Margaret A.; Wilson, Colin J. N.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Geog Environm & Earth Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
RP Van Eaton, AR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, 1300 SE Cardinal Court,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM avaneaton@usgs.gov
RI Wilson, Colin/E-9457-2011
OI Wilson, Colin/0000-0001-7565-0743
FU Marsden Fund [VUW0813]; James Cook Fellowship
FX Van Eaton acknowledges a New Zealand International Doctoral Scholarship
and U. S. National Science Foundation grant EAR-1250029, and thanks
David Johnston and Hamish Campbell for field guidance in the Chatham
Islands. Wilson thanks the Royal Society of New Zealand for support from
the Marsden Fund (VUW0813) and a James Cook Fellowship. David Flynn is
acknowledged for assistance with the scanning electron microscopy, and
we thank James Muirhead, John Harper, and Bob Braithwaite for insightful
discussions. We appreciate the constructive reviews from three anonymous
reviewers.
NR 34
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Z9 10
U1 0
U2 17
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 11
BP 1187
EP 1190
DI 10.1130/G34829.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 257NS
UT WOS:000327392200013
ER
PT J
AU Pilliod, DS
Arkle, RS
AF Pilliod, David S.
Arkle, Robert S.
TI Performance of Quantitative Vegetation Sampling Methods Across Gradients
of Cover in Great Basin Plant Communities
SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE canopy cover; field methods; protocols; sagebrush-steppe; salt desert
scrub
ID RANGELAND HEALTH; SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; GROUND-COVER;
INTERCEPTION; GRASSLANDS; DESERT
AB Resource managers and scientists need efficient, reliable methods for quantifying vegetation to conduct basic research, evaluate land management actions, and monitor trends in habitat conditions. We examined three methods for quantifying vegetation in 1-ha plots among different plant communities in the northern Great Basin: photography-based grid-point intercept (GPI), line-point intercept (LPI), and point-quarter (PQ). We also evaluated each method for within-plot subsampling adequacy and effort requirements relative to information gain. We found that, for most functional groups, percent cover measurements collected with the use of LPI, GPI, and PQ methods were strongly correlated. These correlations were even stronger when we used data from the upper canopy only (i.e., top "hit" of pin flags) in LPI to estimate cover. PQ was best at quantifying cover of sparse plants such as shrubs in early successional habitats. As cover of a given functional group decreased within plots, the variance of the cover estimate increased substantially, which required more subsamples per plot (i.e., transect lines, quadrats) to achieve reliable precision. For GPI, we found that that six nine quadrats per hectare were sufficient to characterize the vegetation in most of the plant communities sampled. All three methods reasonably characterized the vegetation in our plots, and each has advantages depending on characteristics of the vegetation, such as cover or heterogeneity, study goals, precision of measurements required, and efficiency needed.
C1 [Pilliod, David S.; Arkle, Robert S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Snake River Field Stn, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
RP Pilliod, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Snake River Field Stn, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
EM dpilliod@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey Coordinated Sagebrush Studies Program
FX Research was funded by the US Geological Survey Coordinated Sagebrush
Studies Program.
NR 35
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U1 6
U2 59
PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT
PI LAKEWOOD
PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA
SN 1550-7424
EI 1551-5028
J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG
JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 6
BP 634
EP 647
DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00063.1
PG 14
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 257EB
UT WOS:000327365300003
ER
PT J
AU Dettweiler-Robinson, E
Bakker, JD
Evans, JR
Newsome, H
Davies, GM
Wirth, TA
Pyke, DA
Easterly, RT
Salstrom, D
Dunwiddie, PW
AF Dettweiler-Robinson, Eva
Bakker, Jonathan D.
Evans, James R.
Newsome, Heidi
Davies, G. Matt
Wirth, Troy A.
Pyke, David A.
Easterly, Richard T.
Salstrom, Debra
Dunwiddie, Peter W.
TI Outplanting Wyoming Big Sagebrush Following Wildfire: Stock Performance
and Economics
SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Artemisia tridentata subsp wyomingensis; bare-root stock; container
stock; cost-benefit analysis; planting amendments; sagebrush restoration
ID SOIL; COMMUNITY; VARIABILITY; ECOSYSTEM; SUCCESS; WATER
AB Finding ecologically and economically effective ways to establish matrix species is often critical for restoration success. Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata subsp. wyomingensis) historically dominated large areas of western North America, but has been extirpated from many areas by large wildfires; its re-establishment in these areas often requires active management. We evaluated the performance (survival, health) and economic costs of container and bare-root stock based on operational plantings of more than 1.5 million seedlings across 2 200 ha, and compared our plantings with 30 other plantings in which sagebrush survival was tracked for up to 5 yr. Plantings occurred between 2001 and 2007, and included 12 combinations of stock type, planting amendment, and planting year. We monitored 10 500 plants for up to 8 yr after planting. Survival to Year 3 averaged 21% and was higher for container stock (30%) than bare-root stock (17%). Survival did not differ among container-stock plantings, whereas survival of bare-root stock was sometimes enhanced by a hydrogel dip before planting, but not by mycorrhizal amendments. Most mortality occurred during the first year after planting; this period is the greatest barrier to establishment of sagebrush stock. The proportion of healthy stock in Year 1 was positively related to subsequent survival to Year 3. Costs were minimized, and survival maximized, by planting container stock or bare-root stock with a hydrogel dip. Our results indicate that outplanting is an ecologically and economically effective way of establishing Wyoming big sagebrush. However, statistical analyses were limited by the fact that data about initial variables (stock quality, site conditions, weather) were often unrecorded and by the lack of a replicated experimental design. Sharing consistent data and using an experimental approach would help land managers and restoration practitioners maximize the success of outplanting efforts.
C1 [Dettweiler-Robinson, Eva] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Bakker, Jonathan D.; Dunwiddie, Peter W.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Evans, James R.] Nature Conservancy, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
[Newsome, Heidi] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Burbank, WA 99323 USA.
[Davies, G. Matt] Univ Glasgow, Sch Interdisciplinary Studies, Dumfries, Scotland.
[Wirth, Troy A.; Pyke, David A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
[Easterly, Richard T.; Salstrom, Debra] Salstrom & Easterly Ecolog Bot Consulting, Bellingham, WA 98229 USA.
RP Bakker, JD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM jbakker@u.washington.edu
RI Dunwiddie, Peter/Q-7709-2016
OI Dunwiddie, Peter/0000-0002-7254-0423
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey; Joint Fire Science
Program [JFSP 08-1-5-20]
FX Research was funded by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, US Geological
Survey, and Joint Fire Science Program (project JFSP 08-1-5-20).
NR 46
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PI LAKEWOOD
PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA
SN 1550-7424
EI 1551-5028
J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG
JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 6
BP 657
EP 666
DI 10.2111/REM-D-12-00114.1
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 257EB
UT WOS:000327365300005
ER
PT J
AU Neher, TDH
Rosenberger, AE
Zimmerman, CE
Walker, CM
Baird, SJ
AF Neher, Tammy D. Hoem
Rosenberger, Amanda E.
Zimmerman, Christian E.
Walker, Coowe M.
Baird, Steven J.
TI Estuarine Environments as Rearing Habitats for Juvenile Coho Salmon in
Contrasting South-Central Alaska Watersheds
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CHINOOK SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; LIFE-HISTORY; ATLANTIC SALMON;
FISH OTOLITHS; RIVER ESTUARY; TSHAWYTSCHA; MIGRATION; OREGON; WILD
AB For Pacific salmon, estuaries are typically considered transitional staging areas between freshwater and marine environments, but their potential as rearing habitat has only recently been recognized. The objectives of this study were two-fold: (1) to determine if Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch were rearing in estuarine habitats, and (2) to characterize and compare the body length, age, condition, and duration and timing of estuarine occupancy of juvenile Coho Salmon between the two contrasting estuaries. We examined use of estuary habitats with analysis of microchemistry and microstructure of sagittal otoliths in two watersheds of south-central Alaska. Juvenile Coho Salmon were classified as estuary residents or nonresidents (recent estuary immigrants) based on otolith Sr : Ca ratios and counts of daily growth increments on otoliths. The estuaries differed in water source (glacial versus snowmelt hydrographs) and in relative estuarine and watershed area. Juvenile Coho Salmon with evidence of estuary rearing were greater in body length and condition than individuals lacking evidence of estuarine rearing. Coho Salmon captured in the glacial estuary had greater variability in body length and condition, and younger age-classes predominated the catch compared with the nearby snowmelt-fed, smaller estuary. Estuary-rearing fish in the glacial estuary arrived later and remained longer (39 versus 24 d of summer growth) during the summer than did fish using the snowmelt estuary. Finally, we observed definitive patterns of overwintering in estuarine and near shore environments in both estuaries. Evidence of estuary rearing and overwintering with differences in fish traits among contrasting estuary types refute the notion that estuaries function as only staging or transitional habitats in the early life history of Coho Salmon.
C1 [Neher, Tammy D. Hoem] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Div Fisheries, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Rosenberger, Amanda E.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Zimmerman, Christian E.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Walker, Coowe M.; Baird, Steven J.] Kachemak Bay Res Reserve, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
RP Neher, TDH (reprint author), NOAA, Kasitsna Bay Lab, 2181 Kachemak Dr, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
EM tammy.neher@noaa.gov
OI Zimmerman, Christian/0000-0002-3646-0688
FU Estuarine Reserves Division, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration; State Wildlife Grants; University of Alaska Fairbanks;
Alaska Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research
FX This work was completed as part of student graduate research and much
appreciation is expressed to University of Alaska School of Fisheries
professors Franz Mueter and Megan McPhee for their review and guidance
of the dissertation work leading to this manuscript. Kachemak Bay
National Estuarine Research Reserve provided staff support, facilities,
and equipment for completion of this study. Research team members Angela
Doroff, Ori Badajos, and Jasmine Maurer provided much appreciated
assistance with equipment, data management, and editorial review. We
thank volunteer assistants Janet Fink, Jason Neher, Charles Owens, and
Michelle Gutsch. Additional staff and equipment support came from U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center,
and the University of Alaska School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences.
Portions of this work were performed at the Advanced Instrumentation
Laboratory, University of Alaska Fairbanks, and we thank Karen Spaleta
for her guidance in the laboratory. We especially thank Charles
Simenstad for his guidance on the project and review of this manuscript
and the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions. This
research was conducted in the National Estuarine Research Reserve System
under an award from the Estuarine Reserves Division, Office of Ocean and
Coastal Resource Management, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration. Additional funding was provided by State
Wildlife Grants to KBRR, the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and Alaska
Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research. All work
involving use and handling of animals was completed under the University
of Alaska Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approved sampling
plans. Use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 6
BP 1481
EP 1494
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.815660
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 258OX
UT WOS:000327469700001
ER
PT J
AU Weaver, DM
Kwak, TJ
AF Weaver, Daniel M.
Kwak, Thomas J.
TI Assessing Effects of Stocked Trout on Nongame Fish Assemblages in
Southern Appalachian Mountain Streams
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID HATCHERY BROWN TROUT; NATIVE BROOK TROUT; RAINBOW-TROUT; INTERSPECIFIC
INTERACTIONS; COMPETITIVE INTERACTIONS; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS;
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; MICROHABITAT USE; CUTTHROAT
TROUT
AB Fisheries managers are faced with the challenge of balancing the management of recreational fisheries with that of conserving native species and preserving ecological integrity. The negative effects that nonnative trout species exert on native trout are well documented and include alteration of competitive interactions, habitat use, and production. However, the effects that nonnative trout may exert on nongame fish assemblages are poorly understood. Our objectives were to quantify the effects of trout stocking on native nongame fish assemblages intensively on one newly stocked river, the North Toe River, North Carolina, and extensively on other southern Appalachian Mountain streams that are annually stocked with trout. In the intensive study, we adopted a before-after, control-impact (BACI) experimental design to detect short-term effects on the nongame fish assemblage and found no significant differences in fish density, species richness, species diversity, or fish microhabitat use associated with trout stocking. We observed differences in fish microhabitat use between years, however, which suggests there is a response to environmental changes, such as the flow regime, which influence available habitat. In the extensive study, we sampled paired stocked and unstocked stream reaches to detect long-term effects from trout stocking; however, we detected no differences in nongame fish density, species richness, species diversity, or population size structure between paired sites. Our results revealed high inherent system variation caused by natural and anthropogenic factors that appear to overwhelm any acute or chronic effect of stocked trout. Furthermore, hatchery-reared trout may be poor competitors in a natural setting and exert a minimal or undetectable impact on native fish assemblages in these streams. These findings provide quantitative results necessary to assist agencies in strategic planning and decision making associated with trout fisheries, stream management, and conservation of native fishes.
C1 [Weaver, Daniel M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Kwak, Thomas J.] N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Kwak, TJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM tkwak@ncsu.edu
FU Sport Fish Restoration Funds through the NCWRC [F-68]; North Carolina
State University; NCWRC; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank Ben Wallace, Justin Dycus, Patrick Cooney, Scott Favrot, Brad
Garner, Christen Brown, Michael Fisk, Josh Raabe, Stephen Poland, Kyle
Rachels, and Jeremy Remmington for their assistance in the field.
Comments from Doug Besler, Rob Dunn, Julie Harris, and Ken Pollock
improved earlier versions of this manuscript. This project was funded
with Sport Fish Restoration Funds through the NCWRC (Project F-68, Study
10). Jake Rash, Doug Besler, Mallory Martin, and Kent Nelson of the
NCWRC administered funding and offered guidance and insight in this
project. The North Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
is jointly supported by North Carolina State University, NCWRC, U.S.
Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife
Management Institute. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 70
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U1 3
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 6
BP 1495
EP 1507
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.815662
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 258OX
UT WOS:000327469700002
ER
PT J
AU Nobriga, ML
Loboschefsky, E
Feyrer, F
AF Nobriga, Matthew L.
Loboschefsky, Erik
Feyrer, Frederick
TI Common Predator, Rare Prey: Exploring Juvenile Striped Bass Predation on
Delta Smelt in California's San Francisco Estuary
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SIZE-SELECTIVE MORTALITY; MORONE-SAXATILIS; LIFE-HISTORY;
MALLOTUS-VILLOSUS; CHINOOK SALMON; CHESAPEAKE BAY; MARINE FISH; RIVER
DELTA; DENSITY; PISCIVORY
AB There is growing concern that predation by juvenile (ages 1-3) Striped Bass Morone saxatilis may negatively affect the population dynamics of Delta Smelt Hypomesus transpacificus, an imperiled species listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and endangered under the state of California's Endangered Species Act. We explored the potential predator-prey interaction between juvenile Striped Bass and Delta Smelt in California's San Francisco Estuary. Specifically, we addressed two study questions. (1) Is juvenile Striped Bass abundance correlated with Delta Smelt survival? (2) What is the estimated peak monthly consumption of Delta Smelt by juvenile Striped Bass during summer? We addressed the first study question using regression techniques and the second with functional responses to estimate per capita Striped Bass consumption of Delta Smelt using Delta Smelt biomass densities estimated from trawl surveys as input to the functional responses. We found no evidence for a correlation between juvenile Striped Bass abundance and Delta Smelt survival. Based upon available data, we estimated that consumption of Delta Smelt may range from a level not discernibly different from 0 g.Striped Bass(-1).month up to about 11 g.Striped Bass(-1).month(-1). These are the first estimates of potential Striped Bass consumption of Delta Smelt.
C1 [Nobriga, Matthew L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bay Delta Fish & Wildlife Off, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[Loboschefsky, Erik] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Feyrer, Frederick] US Bur Reclamat, Bay Delta Off, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
RP Nobriga, ML (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bay Delta Fish & Wildlife Off, 650 Capitol Mall,Suite 8-300, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
EM matt_nobriga@fws.gov
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 6
BP 1563
EP 1575
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.820217
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 258OX
UT WOS:000327469700007
ER
PT J
AU Pierce, RB
Carlson, AJ
Carlson, BM
Hudson, D
Staples, DF
AF Pierce, Rodney B.
Carlson, Andrew J.
Carlson, Bruce M.
Hudson, Dallas
Staples, David F.
TI Depths and Thermal Habitat Used by Large versus Small Northern Pike in
Three Minnesota Lakes
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESOX-LUCIUS
AB We monitored depths and temperatures used by large (>71-cm) versus small Northern Pike Esox lucius in three north-central Minnesota lakes with either acoustic telemetry or archival tags. Individual Northern Pike demonstrated flexibility in depths used within a season and between years. The fish had some tolerance for low levels of dissolved oxygen (<3mg/L), but depth selection was generally constrained by low dissolved oxygen in summer and winter. The fish more fully exploited all available depths during winter and thermal turnover periods. During July and August, large Northern Pike tended to follow the thermocline into cooler water as upper water layers warmed. Selection ratios indicated that large Northern Pike preferred water temperatures of 16-21 degrees C during August when temperatures up to 28 degrees C were available. In two lakes providing dense overhead cover from water lilies in shallow water, small Northern Pike used warmer, shallower water compared with large fish during summer. In a third lake providing no such cover, small fish were more often in deeper, cooler water. For small Northern Pike, temperature seemed to be a secondary habitat consideration behind the presence of shallow vegetated cover. This study provided detailed temperature selection information that will be useful when considering temperature as an ecological resource for different sizes of Northern Pike.
C1 [Pierce, Rodney B.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Div Fisheries & Wildlife, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
[Carlson, Andrew J.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Div Fisheries & Wildlife, Brainerd, MN 56401 USA.
[Carlson, Bruce M.] Univ Michigan, Golden Valley, MN 55422 USA.
[Hudson, Dallas] US Geol Survey, Shingobee River Headwaters Stn, Akeley, MN 56433 USA.
[Staples, David F.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Div Fisheries & Wildlife, Forest Lake, MN 55025 USA.
RP Pierce, RB (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Div Fisheries & Wildlife, 1201 East Highway 2, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
EM rodney.pierce@state.mn.us
FU Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration (Dingell-Johnson) Program
(Minnesota) [F26-R]
FX We thank Beth Holbrook, Melissa Drake, Don Pereira, two anonymous
reviewers, and the journal's editorial staff for improving the
manuscript. This study was funded in part by the Federal Aid in Sport
Fish Restoration (Dingell-Johnson) Program (D-J Project F26-R, Study
685, Minnesota), and more detailed data from this study will be
published in a Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Fisheries
Investigational Report. Reference to trade names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 6
BP 1629
EP 1639
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.822422
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 258OX
UT WOS:000327469700012
ER
PT J
AU Stapanian, MA
Madenjian, CP
AF Stapanian, Martin A.
Madenjian, Charles P.
TI Introduction to a Special Section: Ecology, Culture, and Management of
Burbot
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOTA-LOTA
C1 [Stapanian, Martin A.] US Geol Survey, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Madenjian, Charles P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Stapanian, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
OI Stapanian, Martin/0000-0001-8173-4273
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 6
BP 1659
EP 1661
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.837097
PG 3
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 258OX
UT WOS:000327469700015
ER
PT J
AU Barron, JM
Jensen, NR
Anders, PJ
Egan, JP
Ireland, SC
Cain, KD
AF Barron, James M.
Jensen, Nathan R.
Anders, Paul J.
Egan, Joshua P.
Ireland, Susan C.
Cain, Kenneth D.
TI Effects of Stocking Density on Survival and Yield of North American
Burbot Reared under Semi-Intensive Conditions
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID WALLEYE STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM; LOTA-LOTA L; REARING PONDS; ATLANTIC COD;
GROWTH; LARVAL; CULTURE; FOOD; FERTILIZATION; TEMPERATURE
AB The effects of six stocking densities on the survival and yield of larval Burbot Lota lota in a semi-intensive culture setting were investigated over a 3-year period. A stocking initiation trial indicated that a stocking date of at least 45 d after the first exogenous feeding (DPEF) would yield surviving juveniles after a 108-d semi-intensive culture period. Following this, stocking density was investigated, and larval Burbot were stocked into in-ground outdoor tanks 45 DPEF at densities of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 larvae/m(2). Tanks were harvested after 65 d, and the trials were repeated over two consecutive years. At harvest, the mean TL of fish ranged from 41 to 68mm and the mean weight from 0.5 to 2.1g over both years. Survival ranged from 1.0% to 12.7%, with lower stocking densities exhibiting higher survival. An exponential decay model revealed a significant influence of stocking density on survival, with 50 larvae/m(2) being predicted to provide the highest survival and the maximum yield being predicted to occur at 100/m(2). These results indicate that a stocking density of 100 larvae/m(2) should not be exceeded under the conditions described in this study. This experiment demonstrated that semi-intensive culture strategies can be successfully adapted for North American Burbot. Relative to other culture methods, this semi-intensive approach may represent a less labor-intensive and less costly method of efficiently producing Burbot for conservation or commercial production programs.
C1 [Barron, James M.; Jensen, Nathan R.; Anders, Paul J.; Egan, Joshua P.; Cain, Kenneth D.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Barron, James M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
[Jensen, Nathan R.; Anders, Paul J.; Egan, Joshua P.] Cramer Fish Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Jensen, Nathan R.; Cain, Kenneth D.] Univ Idaho, Inst Aquaculture Res, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Ireland, Susan C.] Kootenai Tribe Idaho, Bonners Ferry, ID 83805 USA.
[Cain, Kenneth D.] Univ Tasmania, Natl Ctr Marine Conservat & Resource Sustainabil, Launceston, Tas 7250, Australia.
RP Cain, KD (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, POB 441136, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM kcain@uidaho.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [14330-7-H067]; Kootenai Tribe of Idaho
(KTOI); Bonneville Power Administration [198806400, 37267, 46821]
FX This project was funded in part by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(grant 14330-7-H067); we offer special thanks to Ray Jones for program
funding and coordination. This project was also supported by the
Kootenai Tribe of Idaho (KTOI) and the Bonneville Power Administration
(project 198806400, contracts 37267 and 46821). We extend our deepest
gratitude to the KTOI, the British Columbia Ministry of Lands, Forests,
and Natural Resource Operations, the Idaho Department of Fish and Game
(IDFG), Cramer Fish Sciences, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and
the University of Idaho Aquaculture Research Institute (UI-ARI), as this
work would not have been possible without the valuable collaborations
between these agencies. We thank UI-ARI staff and Scott Williams for
installing the experimental in-ground tanks. Additional thanks to ARI
staff members who assisted during this study, especially Chris Thornton.
We also thank Vaughn Paragamian of the IDFG for his involvement in
Burbot conservation. We also extend our gratitude to the anonymous
reviewers and the associate editor whose thoughtful advice greatly
improved this manuscript. Finally, we thank Bahman Shafii and William
Price of the University of Idaho for statistical advice and guidance.
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 6
BP 1680
EP 1687
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.788557
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 258OX
UT WOS:000327469700018
ER
PT J
AU George, EM
Roseman, EF
Davis, BM
O'Brien, TP
AF George, Ellen M.
Roseman, Edward F.
Davis, Bruce M.
O'Brien, Timothy P.
TI Feeding Ecology of Pelagic Larval Burbot in Northern Lake Huron,
Michigan
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOTA-LOTA L; GREAT-LAKES; CRUSTACEAN ZOOPLANKTON; PLANKTIVOROUS FISH;
PERCA-FLUVIATILIS; RAINBOW SMELT; EARLY-LIFE; COMMUNITY; GROWTH; DIET
AB Burbot Lota lota are a key demersal piscivore across the Laurentian Great Lakes whose populations have declined by about 90% in recent decades. Larval Burbot typically hatch in the early spring and rely on abundant crustacean zooplankton prey. We examined the stomach contents of larval Burbot from inshore (15m) and offshore sites (37 and 91m) in northern Lake Huron, Michigan. Concurrent zooplankton vertical tows at the same sites showed that the prey community was dominated by calanoid copepods, dreissenid mussel veligers, and rotifers. Burbot consumed mostly cyclopoid copepods, followed by copepod nauplii and calanoid copepods. Chesson's index of selectivity was calculated and compared among sites and months for individual Burbot. According to this index, larval Burbot exhibited positive selection for cyclopoid copepods and copepod nauplii and negative selection for calanoid copepods, cladocerans, rotifers, and dreissenid veligers. This selectivity was consistent across sites and throughout the sampling period. Burbot displayed little variation in their prey preferences during the larval stage, which suggests that the recent shifts in zooplankton abundance due to the invasion of the predatory zooplankter Bythotrephes longimanus and competition from invasive Rainbow Smelt Osmerus mordax could negatively impact larval Burbot populations.
C1 [George, Ellen M.; Roseman, Edward F.; Davis, Bruce M.; O'Brien, Timothy P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Roseman, EF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM eroseman@usgs.gov
OI Roseman, Edward/0000-0002-5315-9838
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [DW-14-94816701-0]; U.S. Geological
Survey, Great Lakes Science Center
FX Bryon Daley, Erick Larson, Erik McDonald, Phil "Phlipp" Pepper, and
Edward O. Roseman assisted with field collections and laboratory
processing. Jeffrey S. Schaeffer provided statistical assistance.
Patricia Thompson and Jenny Sutherland assisted with editing and
formatting. This project was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency Project DW-14-94816701-0 and the U.S. Geological Survey, Great
Lakes Science Center. This is contribution number 1733 of the Great
Lakes Science Center.
NR 49
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U1 6
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 6
BP 1716
EP 1723
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.788561
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 258OX
UT WOS:000327469700022
ER
PT J
AU Stapanian, MA
Witzel, LD
Cook, A
AF Stapanian, Martin A.
Witzel, Larry D.
Cook, Andy
TI Temporal Changes and Sexual Differences in Spatial Distribution of
Burbot in Lake Erie
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID KOOTENAI RIVER; GREAT-LAKES; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; BRITISH-COLUMBIA;
LOTA-LOTA; FISH; PERFORMANCE; POPULATION; DISCHARGE; CANADA
AB We used GIS mapping techniques to examine capture data for Burbot Lota lota from annual gill-net surveys in Canadian waters of Lake Erie during late August and September 1994-2011. Adult males were captured over a larger area (3-17% for 20% maximum yearly catch [MYC]) than adult females. More males than females were caught in the gill nets in 14 of the 15 study years. Collectively, these results support a hypothesis of greater activity by adult males during summer, when Burbot are actively feeding. The area of capture contracted by more than 60% (for 20% MYC) for both sexes during the time period, which is consistent with the documented decrease of the Burbot population in the lake. The sex ratio (females: males) varied over the time series but declined steadily from 0.97 in 2001 to 0.59 in 2011. The overlap in the capture areas of adult males and females was scale dependent. The depth distribution at which adult Burbot were caught did not change over the time series, and there was no difference in the median depths (about 30m) at which adult male and female Burbot were caught. The last results are consistent with the Burbot's reliance on coldwater habitats. Additional research is recommended, including telemetry to describe daily and seasonal movements and assessment of gender bias in active and passive capture gear.
C1 [Stapanian, Martin A.] US Geol Survey, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Witzel, Larry D.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Port Dover, ON N0A 1N0, Canada.
[Cook, Andy] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Wheatley, ON N0P 2P0, Canada.
RP Stapanian, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
EM mstapanian@usgs.gov
OI Stapanian, Martin/0000-0001-8173-4273
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 6
BP 1724
EP 1732
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.795191
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 258OX
UT WOS:000327469700023
ER
PT J
AU Gorman, OT
Sitar, SP
AF Gorman, Owen T.
Sitar, Shawn P.
TI Ups and Downs of Burbot and Their Predator Lake Trout in Lake Superior,
1953-2011
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; APOSTLE ISLANDS REGION; FISH COMMUNITY;
LOTA-LOTA; OFFSHORE WATERS; RAINBOW SMELT; HABITAT USE; FOOD-WEB;
POPULATION; MICHIGAN
AB The fish community of Lake Superior has undergone a spectacular cycle of decline and recovery over the past 60years. A combination of Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus depredation and commercial overfishing resulted in severe declines in Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush, which served as the primary top predator of the community. Burbot Lota lota populations also declined as a result of Sea Lamprey depredation, largely owing to the loss of adult fish. After Sea Lamprey control measures were instituted in the early 1960s, Burbot populations rebounded rapidly but Lake Trout populations recovered more slowly and recovery was not fully evident until the mid-1980s. As Lake Trout populations recovered, Burbot populations began to decline, and predation on small Burbot was identified as the most likely cause. By 2000, Burbot densities had dropped below their nadir in the early 1960s and have continued to decline, with the densities of juveniles and small adults falling below that of large adults. Although Burbot populations are at record lows in Lake Superior, the density of large reproductive adults remains stable and a large reserve of adult Burbot is present in deep offshore waters. The combination of the Burbot's early maturation, long life span, and high fecundity provides the species with the resiliency to remain a viable member of the Lake Superior fish community into the foreseeable future.
C1 [Gorman, Owen T.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54086 USA.
[Sitar, Shawn P.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Marquette Fisheries Res Stn, Marquette, MI 49855 USA.
RP Gorman, OT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, 2800 Lake Shore Dr East, Ashland, WI 54086 USA.
EM otgorman@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX This article would not have been possible without the help of many
people dedicated to revealing the wonders of Lake Superior, including
Lori Evrard for providing trawl-based data summaries, and numerous
Northland College student interns for assisting with the entry of old
field data records: Tyler Sikora, Jill Falck, Steve Whitlock, Kari
Kudick, Becky Walters, and John "Logan" Tucker. Thanks also to Laura
Graf for providing editorial assistance in preparing the manuscript.
This work was supported by funds from the U.S. Geological Survey. This
article is contribution 1783 of the U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes
Science Center.
NR 50
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U1 4
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 6
BP 1757
EP 1772
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.824918
PG 16
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 258OX
UT WOS:000327469700026
ER
PT J
AU Clauer, N
Fallick, AE
Eberl, DD
Honty, M
Huff, WD
Auberti, A
AF Clauer, Norbert
Fallick, Anthony E.
Eberl, Dennis D.
Honty, Miroslav
Huff, Warren D.
Auberti, Amelie
TI K-Ar dating and delta O-18-delta D characterization of nanometric illite
from Ordovician K-bentonites of the Appalachians: Illitization and the
Acadian-Alleghenian tectonic activity
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanometric "fundamental" particles; XRD mineralogy; K-Ar dating; delta
O-18 and delta D geochemistry; Ordovician K-bentonites; US midcontinent;
Acadian/Alleghenian orogeny
ID MIXED-LAYER ILLITE/SMECTITE; UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE
ANALYSIS; FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLES; ILLINOIS BASIN; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS;
POTASSIC DIAGENESIS; GROWTH MECHANISMS; BRINE MIGRATIONS; PETER
SANDSTONE
AB Nanometric (<0.02, 0.02-0.05, 0.05-0.1, 0.1-0.2 mu m) illite fractions were separated from K-bentonite samples from northwestern Georgia, and studied by X-ray diffraction, oxygen and hydrogen isotope geochemistry, and K-Ar dated to more tightly constrain the tectono-thermal history of the Appalachian orogeny. Their XRD patterns are very similar for a given sample with respect to the peak shapes and positions. They are ordered illite-smectite mixed layers with only small variations in the relative proportions of illite and smectite interlayers. The illite crystal thickness distributions also are very homogeneous across the various size fractions of the same sample, but crystallite thickness varies from sample to sample. It can be concluded from the alpha-beta(2) diagram that illitization occurred in all fractions by simultaneous nucleation and crystal growth, except for one sample. In that sample, a period of growth without nucleation was detected on top of the nucleation and growth episode.
The K-Ar ages organize into two isochrons, the first at 319.9 +/- 2.0 Ma with an initial Ar-40/Ar-36 ratio of 271 +/- 66 Ma, and the second at 284.9 +/- 1.2 Ma with an initial Ar-40/Ar-36 ratio of 310 +/- 44. One data point above the older isochron and three between the two isochrons suggest a detrital contamination for the former separate and a possible further generation of nanoparticles for the three others. The samples with the older crystallization age consist of illite and illite-rich mixed-layers, and those with the younger age contain smectite-rich mixed-layers without illite, or illite-enriched illite-smectite mixed-layers. The K-Ar ages fit the age trends published previously for similar K-bentonites with regional age patterns between 240 and 270 Ma in the southwestern region, between 270 and 300 Ma in the central zone and the southern Appalachians, and between 315 and 370 Ma in the northernmost.
Each of the two generations of illite crystals yields very consistent delta O-18 (V-SMOW) values at 17 +/- 1 parts per thousand for the older and at 21 +/- 1 parts per thousand for the younger. If crystallization temperatures of the nanometric illite were between 100 and 200 degrees C, as suggested by microthermometric determinations, the hydrothermal fluids had delta O-18 values of 4 +/- 1 parts per thousand in the Dalton district and of 8 +/- 1 parts per thousand in the Lafayette, Trenton, and Dirtseller districts at 100 degrees C, and of 11 +/- 1 and 15 +/- 1 parts per thousand in the same locations at 200 degrees C, probably because the water-rock isotope exchanges at elevated temperature occurred in rock-dominated systems. The 8180 of the fluids remained unchanged during local crystal growth, but varied depending on the geographic location of the samples and timing of illitization. The delta D (V-SMOW) values of the different size fractions do not provide consistent information; they range from -70 to -45 parts per thousand for most nanometric and micrometric fractions (V-SMOW), but with no apparent coherent pattern.
Nanometric illite-rich crystals from K-bentonite that underwent tectono-thermal alteration yield constant ages, constant clay mineralogy, constant crystallite size distributions for all of the nucleating and growing illite-type crystals of each sample, as well as constant delta O-18 values implying constant fluid chemistry, all pointing to geologically sudden crystallization.
C1 [Clauer, Norbert; Auberti, Amelie] CNRS UdS, Lab Hydrol & Geochim Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France.
[Fallick, Anthony E.] Scottish Univ Environm Res Ctr, Glasgow G75 0QF, Lanark, Scotland.
[Eberl, Dennis D.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 08303 USA.
[Honty, Miroslav] CEN SCK, Hlth Environm & Safety Inst, B-2400 Mol, Belgium.
[Huff, Warren D.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
RP Clauer, N (reprint author), CNRS UdS, Lab Hydrol & Geochim Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blessig, F-67084 Strasbourg, France.
EM nclauer@unistra.fr
FU NERC; consortium of Scottish Universities
FX We are deeply indebted to the two reviewers F.J. Longstaffe and D.
Awwiller for their very thoughtful and constructive comments that helped
improve and focus the previous draft of this note. We are also thankful
to the editorial board, especially to Associate Editor H. Xu for very
efficient handling of the review round. We also extend sincere thanks to
Sam Chaudhuri for having organized the sampling together with Tim
Chowns, S. Holland, and P. Schroeder, to Jan Srodon for separation of
the nanometric size fractions at the Geological Institute PAN of Krakow,
Poland, and to Robert Wendling, Raymond Wendling, Daniel Tisserant, and
Raymond Winkler of the Centre de Geochimie de la Surface (CNRS/ULP) for
technical assistance during the study. SUERC was supported by NERC and a
consortium of Scottish Universities.
NR 75
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PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
EI 1945-3027
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 98
IS 11-12
BP 2144
EP 2154
DI 10.2138/am.2013.4510
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 252YP
UT WOS:000327049100023
ER
PT J
AU Madenjian, CP
Johnson, NS
Binder, TR
Rediske, RR
O'Keefe, JP
AF Madenjian, C. P.
Johnson, N. S.
Binder, T. R.
Rediske, R. R.
O'Keefe, J. P.
TI Polychlorinated Biphenyl Concentrations and Activity of Sea Lamprey
Petromyzon marinus Vary by Sex
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; GREAT-LAKES; PCB CONCENTRATIONS; MODEL
APPROACH; DIFFERENCE; MANAGEMENT; MICHIGAN; FISHES; CONTAMINANTS;
CONSUMPTION
AB We determined the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations of 40 male and 40 female adult sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus captured in the Cheboygan River, a tributary to Lake Huron, during May 2011. In addition, we performed a laboratory experiment using passive integrated transponder tags to determine whether male adult sea lampreys were more active than female adult sea lampreys. Sex had a significant effect on PCB concentration, and PCB concentration at a given level of sea lamprey condition was approximately 25 % greater in males than in females. Adjusting for the difference in condition between the sexes, males averaged a 17 % greater PCB concentration compared with females. Results from the laboratory experiment indicated that males were significantly more active than females. The observed sex difference in PCB concentrations was not due to female sea lampreys releasing eggs at spawning because the sea lamprey is semelparous, and we caught the sea lampreys before spawning. Rather, we attributed the sex difference in PCB concentrations to a greater rate of energy expenditure in males compared with females. We proposed that this greater rate of energy expenditure was likely due to greater activity. Our laboratory experiment results supported this hypothesis. A greater resting metabolic rate may also have contributed to a greater rate of energy expenditure. Our findings should eventually be applicable toward improving control of sea lamprey, a pest responsible for considerable damage to fisheries in lakes where it is not native.
C1 [Madenjian, C. P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Johnson, N. S.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Binder, T. R.] Great Lakes Fishery Commiss, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Rediske, R. R.; O'Keefe, J. P.] Grand Valley State Univ, Annis Water Resources Inst, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
RP Madenjian, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM cmadenjian@usgs.gov
FU Annis Water Resources Institute
FX We thank the biologists and technicians of the USFWS Marquette
Biological Station for capturing sea lampreys from the Cheboygan River
and transporting them to Hammond Bay Biological Station. The Annis Water
Resources Institute provided funding for PCB determinations. We also
thank Chris Holbrook for reviewing an earlier draft of this manuscript
and making helpful comments for its improvement. Use of trade, product,
or firm names does not imply endorsement by the United States
Government. This article is Contribution 1765 of the United States
Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 36
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U1 1
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
EI 1432-0703
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 65
IS 4
BP 693
EP 703
DI 10.1007/s00244-013-9936-y
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 253PN
UT WOS:000327101700008
PM 23864162
ER
PT J
AU Troiano, AT
King, KA
Grue, CE
Grassley, JM
Ekblad, CJ
AF Troiano, Alexandra T.
King, Kerensa A.
Grue, Christian E.
Grassley, James M.
Ekblad, Cathy J.
TI Brain Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Shiner Perch (Cymatogaster
aggregata) and Juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) After
Application of Carbaryl to Control Burrowing Shrimp Within Willapa Bay,
Washington
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BEHAVIORAL IMPAIRMENT; INHIBITION; FISH; USA; CHLORPYRIFOS; RESOURCES;
OYSTERS; ECOLOGY; DIET
AB Carbaryl has been applied in Willapa Bay, Washington, for five decades to control burrowing shrimp (Neotrypaea californiensis and Upogebia pugettensis) on commercial oyster (Crassostrea gigas) beds. Concerns about effects on nontarget species, including fishes, have led to restrictions in use despite a lack of data on in situ exposure. We measured brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in adult Shiner perch (Cymatogaster aggregata) and juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) after operational applications. We hypothesized that exposure in Shiner perch would be greater than in juvenile Chinook salmon because of their greater site fidelity and benthic foraging. However, Shiner perch exhibited no statistically significant AChE inhibition. Enzyme activity was statistically decreased (a parts per thousand currency sign14 %) in juvenile Chinook salmon after a second spray event; however, inhibition was less than that associated with overt effects and was similar to controls by 48 h after the spray. Diet analyses confirmed that Shiner perch were primarily feeding on benthic invertebrates and that juvenile Chinook salmon were feeding primarily within the water column. Composition of Shiner perch diets and amount of food consumed varied little among channels and time periods; however, Shiner perch on beds consumed more food 6 h after application than those at other time points and locations. There were no consistent differences in the diets of juvenile Chinook salmon within channels among time periods. Results suggest (1) that carbaryl applications pose little hazard to fish in the bay having habitat and dietary preferences similar to those of Shiner perch and juvenile Chinook salmon and (2) that quantification of direct exposure in the field is essential to adequately assess risk.
C1 [Troiano, Alexandra T.; King, Kerensa A.; Grue, Christian E.; Grassley, James M.; Ekblad, Cathy J.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Grue, Christian E.] US Geol Survey, Cooperat Res Units, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Troiano, AT (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM troiaa24@uw.edu
FU Willapa Grays Harbor Oyster Growers Association (WGHOGA); Washington
State Commission for Pesticide Registration; Washington State
Legislature; Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
(WACFWRU); United States Geological Survey; University of Washington;
Washington State University; Washington Department of Ecology;
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; Washington Department of
Natural Resources
FX We thank Willapa Grays Harbor Oyster Growers Association (WGHOGA),
Washington State Commission for Pesticide Registration, Washington State
Legislature, and the Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit (WACFWRU) for financial support. WACFWRU is financially supported
by the United States Geological Survey, University of Washington,
Washington State University, and the Washington Departments of Ecology,
Fish and Wildlife, and Natural Resources. Tim Morris (Coast Seafoods),
Steven Booth, (WGHOGA [Integrated Pest Management Coordinator]), and
Stephen Thun (PAL) assisted with field logistics, and Cristiane Elfes,
John Frew, Andrew Keach, Erin Lowery, Kaitlyn Martel, Marissa Smith,
Michael Smith, and Amy Yahnke (WACFWRU) assisted in the field and/or
with the laboratory analyses. We also thank Erin Lowery and three
anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier drafts.
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
EI 1432-0703
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 65
IS 4
BP 779
EP 789
DI 10.1007/s00244-013-9951-z
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 253PN
UT WOS:000327101700016
PM 24042340
ER
PT J
AU Ryan, TA
Kohl, AN
Soucek, DJ
Smith, TS
Brandt, TM
Bonner, TH
Cropek, DM
AF Ryan, T. A.
Kohl, A. N.
Soucek, D. J.
Smith, T. S.
Brandt, T. M.
Bonner, T. H.
Cropek, D. M.
TI Short-Term Effects of Military Fog Oil on the Fountain Darter
(Etheostoma fonticola)
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SLOPE CRUDE-OIL; PHOTOENHANCED TOXICITY; WEATHERED OIL; PHOTOTOXICITY;
FRACTIONS
AB Toxicity tests evaluated chronic and sublethal effects of fog oil (FO) on a freshwater endangered fish. FO is released during military training as an obscurant smoke that can drift into aquatic habitats. Fountain darters, Etheostoma fonticola, of four distinct life stages were exposed under laboratory conditions to three forms of FO. FO was vaporized into smoke and allowed to settle onto water, violently agitated with water, and dosed onto water followed by photo-oxidization by ultraviolet irradiation. Single smoke exposures of spawning adult fish did not affect egg production, egg viability, or adult fish survival in 21-day tests. Multiple daily smoke exposures induced mortality after 5 days for larvae fish. Larvae and juvenile fish were more sensitive than eggs in 96-h lethal concentration (LC50) tests with FO-water mixtures and photo-oxidized FO. Water-soluble FO components photo-modified by ultraviolet radiation were the most toxic, thus indicating the value of examining weathering and aging of chemicals for the best determination of environmental impact.
C1 [Ryan, T. A.; Kohl, A. N.; Smith, T. S.; Cropek, D. M.] US Army, CERL, Corps Engineers, Champaign, IL 61822 USA.
[Soucek, D. J.] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Brandt, T. M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Resources Ctr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
[Bonner, T. H.] SW Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, Aquat Biol Program, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
RP Cropek, DM (reprint author), US Army, CERL, Corps Engineers, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA.
EM donald.m.cropek@usace.army.mil
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
EI 1432-0703
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 65
IS 4
BP 790
EP 797
DI 10.1007/s00244-013-9958-5
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 253PN
UT WOS:000327101700017
PM 24121718
ER
PT J
AU Latif, QS
Saab, VA
Dudley, JG
Hollenbeck, JP
AF Latif, Quresh S.
Saab, Victoria A.
Dudley, Jonathan G.
Hollenbeck, Jeff P.
TI Ensemble modeling to predict habitat suitability for a large-scale
disturbance specialist
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Black-backed Woodpeckers; forested habitat management; habitat
suitability models; Mahalanobis D-2 models; Maxent models; model
prediction in no-analogue environments; Picoides arcticus; resource
selection models; species distribution models; wildfire
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; CAVITY-NESTING BIRDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
BOREAL FOREST; DISTRIBUTIONS; WOODPECKERS; FIRE; CONSERVATION;
SELECTION; FUTURE
AB To conserve habitat for disturbance specialist species, ecologists must identify where individuals will likely settle in newly disturbed areas. Habitat suitability models can predict which sites at new disturbances will most likely attract specialists. Without validation data from newly disturbed areas, however, the best approach for maximizing predictive accuracy can be unclear (Northwestern U.S.A.). We predicted habitat suitability for nesting Black-backed Woodpeckers (Picoides arcticus; a burned-forest specialist) at 20 recently (6years postwildfire) burned locations in Montana using models calibrated with data from three locations in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. We developed 8 models using three techniques (weighted logistic regression, Maxent, and Mahalanobis D-2 models) and various combinations of four environmental variables describing burn severity, the north-south orientation of topographic slope, and prefire canopy cover. After translating model predictions into binary classifications (0=low suitability to unsuitable, 1=high to moderate suitability), we compiled ensemble predictions, consisting of the number of models (0-8) predicting any given site as highly suitable. The suitability status for 40% of the area burned by eastside Montana wildfires was consistent across models and therefore robust to uncertainty in the relative accuracy of particular models and in alternative ecological hypotheses they described. Ensemble predictions exhibited two desirable properties: (1) a positive relationship with apparent rates of nest occurrence at calibration locations and (2) declining model agreement outside surveyed environments consistent with our reduced confidence in novel (i.e., no-analogue) environments. Areas of disagreement among models suggested where future surveys could help validate and refine models for an improved understanding of Black-backed Woodpecker nesting habitat relationships. Ensemble predictions presented here can help guide managers attempting to balance salvage logging with habitat conservation in burned-forest landscapes where black-backed woodpecker nest location data are not immediately available. Ensemble modeling represents a promising tool for guiding conservation of large-scale disturbance specialists.
C1 [Latif, Quresh S.; Saab, Victoria A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Dudley, Jonathan G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Hollenbeck, Jeff P.] USGS Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Latif, QS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1648 S 7th Ave, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM qlatif@fs.fed.us
FU Joint Fire Science Program; National Fire Plan; USDA Forest Service
Rocky Mountain Research Station; Boise National Forest; Fremont-Winema
National Forest; Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest; Pacific Northwest
Region; Pacific Northern Region
FX This study was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program, National Fire
Plan, the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Boise
National Forest, Fremont-Winema National Forest, Okanogan-Wenatchee
National Forest, and Pacific Northwest and Northern Regions.
NR 67
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 13
BP 4348
EP 4364
DI 10.1002/ece3.790
PG 17
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 250BE
UT WOS:000326824300006
PM 24340177
ER
PT J
AU Converse, SJ
Royle, JA
Adler, PH
Urbanek, RP
Barzen, JA
AF Converse, Sarah J.
Royle, J. Andrew
Adler, Peter H.
Urbanek, Richard P.
Barzen, Jeb A.
TI A hierarchical nest survival model integrating incomplete temporally
varying covariates
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Autoregressive model; Bayesian analysis; black fly; Culicidae; daily
nest survival; dynamic occupancy; Grus americana; reintroduction;
Simuliidae; Tabanidae; whooping crane
ID AGE-SPECIFIC SURVIVAL; DECISION-ANALYSIS; MAYFIELD METHOD; SUCCESS
AB Nest success is a critical determinant of the dynamics of avian populations, and nest survival modeling has played a key role in advancing avian ecology and management. Beginning with the development of daily nest survival models, and proceeding through subsequent extensions, the capacity for modeling the effects of hypothesized factors on nest survival has expanded greatly. We extend nest survival models further by introducing an approach to deal with incompletely observed, temporally varying covariates using a hierarchical model. Hierarchical modeling offers a way to separate process and observational components of demographic models to obtain estimates of the parameters of primary interest, and to evaluate structural effects of ecological and management interest. We built a hierarchical model for daily nest survival to analyze nest data from reintroduced whooping cranes (Grus americana) in the Eastern Migratory Population. This reintroduction effort has been beset by poor reproduction, apparently due primarily to nest abandonment by breeding birds. We used the model to assess support for the hypothesis that nest abandonment is caused by harassment from biting insects. We obtained indices of blood-feeding insect populations based on the spatially interpolated counts of insects captured in carbon dioxide traps. However, insect trapping was not conducted daily, and so we had incomplete information on a temporally variable covariate of interest. We therefore supplemented our nest survival model with a parallel model for estimating the values of the missing insect covariates. We used Bayesian model selection to identify the best predictors of daily nest survival. Our results suggest that the black fly Simulium annulus may be negatively affecting nest survival of reintroduced whooping cranes, with decreasing nest survival as abundance of S.annulus increases. The modeling framework we have developed will be applied in the future to a larger data set to evaluate the biting-insect hypothesis and other hypotheses for nesting failure in this reintroduced population; resulting inferences will support ongoing efforts to manage this population via an adaptive management approach. Wider application of our approach offers promise for modeling the effects of other temporally varying, but imperfectly observed covariates on nest survival, including the possibility of modeling temporally varying covariates collected from incubating adults.
C1 [Converse, Sarah J.; Royle, J. Andrew] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
[Adler, Peter H.] Clemson Univ, Entomol Program, Clemson, SC USA.
[Urbanek, Richard P.] USFWS Necedah Natl Wildlife Refuge, Necedah, WI USA.
[Barzen, Jeb A.] Int Crane Fdn, Baraboo, WI USA.
RP Converse, SJ (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD USA.
EM sconverse@usgs.gov
OI Converse, Sarah J/0000-0002-3719-5441; Royle,
Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
FU US Geological Survey; Whooping Crane Eastern Partnership
FX Funding was provided by the US Geological Survey. Support for this work
was provided by the Whooping Crane Eastern Partnership.
NR 54
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 7
U2 62
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 13
BP 4439
EP 4447
DI 10.1002/ece3.822
PG 9
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 250BE
UT WOS:000326824300014
PM 24340185
ER
PT J
AU Kroes, DE
Kraemer, TF
AF Kroes, Daniel E.
Kraemer, Thomas F.
TI Human-induced stream channel abandonment/capture and filling of
floodplain channels within the Atchafalaya River Basin, Louisiana
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Induced channel abandonment; Flow capture; Access channel; Hydraulic
damming
ID COASTAL-PLAIN RIVERS; BRAIDED RIVERS; AVULSION; VEGETATION; EVOLUTION;
USA
AB The Atchafalaya River Basin is a distributary system of the Mississippi River containing the largest riparian area in the lower Mississippi River Valley and the largest remaining forested bottomland in North America. Reductions in the area of open water in the Atchafalaya have been occurring over the last 100 years, and many historical waterways are increasingly filled by sediment. This study examines two cases of swamp channels (<85 m(3)/s) that are filling and becoming unnavigable as a result of high sediment loads and slow water velocities. The water velocities in natural bayous are further reduced because of flow capture by channels constructed for access. Bathymetry, flow, suspended sediment, deposited bottom-material, isotopes, and photointerpretation were used to characterize the channel fill. On average, water flowing through these two channels lost 23% of the suspended sediment load in the studied reaches. Along one of the studied reaches, two constructed access channels diverted significant flow out of the primary channel and into the adjacent swamp. Immediately downstream of each of the two access channels, the cross-sectional area of the studied channel was reduced. Isotopic analyses of bottom-material cores indicate that bed filling has been rapid and occurred after detectable levels of Cesium-137 were no longer being deposited. Interpretation of aerial photography indicates that water is bypassing the primary channels in favor of the more hydraulically efficient access channels, resulting in low or no-velocity flow conditions in the primary channel. These swamp channel conditions are typical in the Atchafalaya River Basin where relict large channel dimensions result in flow velocities that are normally too low to carry fine-grained sediment. Constructed channels increase the rate of natural channel avulsion and abandonment as a result of flow capture. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Kroes, Daniel E.] US Geol Survey, Louisiana Water Sci Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA.
[Kraemer, Thomas F.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Kroes, DE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Louisiana Water Sci Ctr, 3535 S Sherwood Forest Blvd,Suite 120, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA.
EM dkroes@usgs.gov
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 201
BP 148
EP 156
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.06.016
PG 9
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 249GU
UT WOS:000326766500013
ER
PT J
AU Dean, DJ
Schmidt, JC
AF Dean, David J.
Schmidt, John C.
TI The geomorphic effectiveness of a large flood on the Rio Grande in the
Big Bend region: Insights on geomorphic controls and post-flood
geomorphic response
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Geomorphic effectiveness; Channel widening; Channel narrowing; Sediment
supply; Flood; Erosion
ID GRAVEL-BED RIVERS; EXTREME FLOOD; CHANNEL; VEGETATION; MEANDER; TEXAS;
MAGNITUDE; FREQUENCY; PIEDMONT; CUTOFF
AB Since the 1940s, the Rio Grande in the Big Bend region has undergone long periods of channel narrowing, which have been occasionally interrupted by rare, large floods that widen the channel (termed a channel reset). The most recent channel reset occurred in 2008 following a 17-year period of extremely low stream flow and rapid channel narrowing. Flooding was caused by precipitation associated with the remnants of tropical depression Lowell in the Rio Conchos watershed, the largest tributary to the Rio Grande. Floodwaters approached 1500 m(3)/s (between a 13 and 15 year recurrence interval) and breached levees, inundated communities, and flooded the alluvial valley of the Rio Grande; the wetted width exceeding 25 km in some locations. The 2008 flood had the 7th largest magnitude of record, however, conveyed the largest volume of water than any other flood. Because of the narrow pre-flood channel conditions, record flood stages occurred.
We used pre- and post-flood aerial photographs, channel and floodplain surveys, and 1-dimensional hydraulic models to quantify the magnitude of channel change, investigate the controls of flood-induced geomorphic changes, and measure the post-flood response of the widened channel. These analyses show that geomorphic changes included channel widening, meander migration, avulsions, extensive bar formation, and vertical floodplain accretion. Reach-averaged channel widening between 26 and 52% occurred, but in some localities exceeded 500%. The degree and style of channel response was related, but not limited to, three factors: 1) bed-load supply and transport, 2) pre-flood channel plan form, and 3) rapid declines in specific stream power downstream of constrictions and areas of high channel bed slope. The post-flood channel response has consisted of channel contraction through the aggradation of the channel bed and the formation of fine-grained benches inset within the widened channel margins. The most significant post-flood geomorphic changes have occurred at and downstream from ephemeral tributaries that contribute large volumes of sediment. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dean, David J.; Schmidt, John C.] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Schmidt, John C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Dean, DJ (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM david.dean@usu.edu
FU National Park Service; World Wildlife Fund
FX This study was funded by the National Park Service and the World
Wildlife Fund. We would like to thank the staff of Big Bend National
Park for accommodating our research and housing needs; special thanks to
Jeff Bennett, Joe Sirotnak, Billie Brauch, and Kelon Crawford for
logistical support. Thanks are also extended to Hunter Edwards, Meagan
Polino, Jeff Kelsch, and Eric Castro for their tireless field work.
Thanks to Peter Wilcock for providing guidance during the early
development of this manuscript. Thanks to one anonymous reviewer,
Richard Marston, David Lytle, and Paul Grams for recommended
improvements to this manuscript. Any use of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 61
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 201
BP 183
EP 198
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.06.020
PG 16
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 249GU
UT WOS:000326766500016
ER
PT J
AU Harte, PT
AF Harte, Philip T.
TI Hydraulically Controlled Discrete Sampling from Open Boreholes
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID FRACTURED ROCK; FLOW
AB Groundwater sampling from open boreholes in fractured-rock aquifers is particularly challenging because of mixing and dilution of fluid within the borehole from multiple fractures. This note presents an alternative to traditional sampling in open boreholes with packer assemblies. The alternative system called ZONFLO (zonal flow) is based on hydraulic control of borehole flow conditions. Fluid from discrete fractures zones are hydraulically isolated allowing for the collection of representative samples. In rough-faced open boreholes and formations with less competent rock, hydraulic containment may offer an attractive alternative to physical containment with packers. Preliminary test results indicate a discrete zone can be effectively hydraulically isolated from other zones within a borehole for the purpose of groundwater sampling using this new method.
C1 US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA.
RP Harte, PT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, 331 Commerce Way, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA.
EM ptharte@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 1; USGS Technology Transfer
Enterprise Office
FX This work was a collaborative effort between the U.S Geological Survey,
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the New Hampshire
Department of Environmental Services. Edward Gilbert, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency provided critical funding support through an
Interagency Agreement titled "Technical Support and Transfer on
Remediation of Chlorinated Solvents in Fractured-Rock Aquifers." William
Brandon, Carol Keating, Byran Olson, and Richard Hull, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Region 1, helped provide field testing
opportunities. Robin Mongeon of the New Hampshire Department of
Environmental Services provided the support for the borehole logging
data that was needed to assist in field testing planning and sample zone
selection. My colleagues at the U.S. Geological Survey, Alton Anderson
and John Williams, helped with data collection, planning, and borehole
logging. Rod Sheets, Kevin Dennehy, and John Lane, also with the U.S.
Geological Survey, provided additional support and equipment. Neil L.
Mark of the USGS Technology Transfer Enterprise Office (Mail Stop 201,
National Center, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, Virginia 20192;
telephone 703-648-4344; fax 703-648-4408) provided support for the U.S.
patent application and may be contacted about licensing it. Joan
Gilsdorf, Patent Attorney, U.S. Army Space & Missile Defense Command,
helped prepare the patent report and provided excellent support.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 6
BP 822
EP 827
DI 10.1111/gwat.12120
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 251YX
UT WOS:000326972100005
PM 24107011
ER
PT J
AU Hughes, JD
White, JT
AF Hughes, Joseph D.
White, Jeremy T.
TI Use of General Purpose Graphics Processing Units with MODFLOW
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATIONS
AB To evaluate the use of general-purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs) to improve the performance of MODFLOW, an unstructured preconditioned conjugate gradient (UPCG) solver has been developed. The UPCG solver uses a compressed sparse row storage scheme and includes Jacobi, zero fill-in incomplete, and modified-incomplete lower-upper (LU) factorization, and generalized least-squares polynomial preconditioners. The UPCG solver also includes options for sequential and parallel solution on the central processing unit (CPU) using OpenMP. For simulations utilizing the GPGPU, all basic linear algebra operations are performed on the GPGPU; memory copies between the central processing unit CPU and GPCPU occur prior to the first iteration of the UPCG solver and after satisfying head and flow criteria or exceeding a maximum number of iterations. The efficiency of the UPCG solver for GPGPU and CPU solutions is benchmarked using simulations of a synthetic, heterogeneous unconfined aquifer with tens of thousands to millions of active grid cells. Testing indicates GPGPU speedups on the order of 2 to 8, relative to the standard MODFLOW preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) solver, can be achieved when (1) memory copies between the CPU and GPGPU are optimized, (2) the percentage of time performing memory copies between the CPU and GPGPU is small relative to the calculation time, (3) high-performance GPGPU cards are utilized, and (4) CPU-GPGPU combinations are used to execute sequential operations that are difficult to parallelize. Furthermore, UPCG solver testing indicates GPGPU speedups exceed parallel CPU speedups achieved using OpenMP on multicore CPUs for preconditioners that can be easily parallelized.
C1 [Hughes, Joseph D.; White, Jeremy T.] US Geol Survey, Florida Water Sci Ctr, Lutz, FL 33559 USA.
RP Hughes, JD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Florida Water Sci Ctr, 4446 Pet Lane Suite 108, Lutz, FL 33559 USA.
EM jdhughes@usgs.gov
OI Hughes, Joseph/0000-0003-1311-2354
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 6
BP 833
EP 846
DI 10.1111/gwat.12004
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 251YX
UT WOS:000326972100007
PM 23281733
ER
PT J
AU Sorichetta, A
Ballabio, C
Masetti, M
Robinson, GR
Sterlacchini, S
AF Sorichetta, Alessandro
Ballabio, Cristiano
Masetti, Marco
Robinson, Gilpin R., Jr.
Sterlacchini, Simone
TI A Comparison of Data-Driven Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment Methods
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID AQUIFER SUSCEPTIBILITY; NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS; UNITED-STATES;
CONTAMINATION; WATER; PROBABILITY
AB Increasing availability of geo-environmental data has promoted the use of statistical methods to assess groundwater vulnerability. Nitrate is a widespread anthropogenic contaminant in groundwater and its occurrence can be used to identify aquifer settings vulnerable to contamination. In this study, multivariate Weights of Evidence (WofE) and Logistic Regression (LR) methods, where the response variable is binary, were used to evaluate the role and importance of a number of explanatory variables associated with nitrate sources and occurrence in groundwater in the Milan District (central part of the Po Plain, Italy). The results of these models have been used to map the spatial variation of groundwater vulnerability to nitrate in the region, and we compare the similarities and differences of their spatial patterns and associated explanatory variables. We modify the standard WofE method used in previous groundwater vulnerability studies to a form analogous to that used in LR; this provides a framework to compare the results of both models and reduces the effect of sampling bias on the results of the standard WofE model. In addition, a nonlinear Generalized Additive Model has been used to extend the LR analysis. Both approaches improved discrimination of the standard WofE and LR models, as measured by the c-statistic. Groundwater vulnerability probability outputs, based on rank-order classification of the respective model results, were similar in spatial patterns and identified similar strong explanatory variables associated with nitrate source (population density as a proxy for sewage systems and septic sources) and nitrate occurrence (groundwater depth).
C1 [Sorichetta, Alessandro; Ballabio, Cristiano] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
[Masetti, Marco] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Sci Terra A Desio, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Robinson, Gilpin R., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 954, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Sterlacchini, Simone] CNR, IDPA, I-20126 Milan, Italy.
RP Sorichetta, A (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
EM alessandro.sorichetta@jrc.ec.europa.eu
RI Masetti, Marco/N-6823-2013; Ballabio, Cristiano/A-6142-2014;
OI Ballabio, Cristiano/0000-0001-7452-9271; MASETTI,
MARCO/0000-0001-7961-8046; Sterlacchini, Simone/0000-0003-0091-9167
NR 39
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 6
BP 866
EP 879
DI 10.1111/gwat.12012
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 251YX
UT WOS:000326972100010
PM 23289724
ER
PT J
AU Walsh, D
Turner, P
Grunewald, E
Zhang, H
Butler, JJ
Reboulet, E
Knobbe, S
Christy, T
Lane, JW
Johnson, CD
Munday, T
Fitzpatrick, A
AF Walsh, David
Turner, Peter
Grunewald, Elliot
Zhang, Hong
Butler, James J., Jr.
Reboulet, Ed
Knobbe, Steve
Christy, Tom
Lane, John W., Jr.
Johnson, Carole D.
Munday, Tim
Fitzpatrick, Andrew
TI A Small-Diameter NMR Logging Tool for Groundwater Investigations
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SURFACE NMR; RELAXATION
AB A small-diameter nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logging tool has been developed and field tested at various sites in the United States and Australia. A novel design approach has produced relatively inexpensive, small-diameter probes that can be run in open or PVC-cased boreholes as small as 2 inches in diameter. The complete system, including surface electronics and various downhole probes, has been successfully tested in small-diameter monitoring wells in a range of hydrogeological settings. A variant of the probe that can be deployed by a direct-push machine has also been developed and tested in the field. The new NMR logging tool provides reliable, direct, and high-resolution information that is of importance for groundwater studies. Specifically, the technology provides direct measurement of total water content (total porosity in the saturated zone or moisture content in the unsaturated zone), and estimates of relative pore-size distribution (bound vs. mobile water content) and hydraulic conductivity. The NMR measurements show good agreement with ancillary data from lithologic logs, geophysical logs, and hydrogeologic measurements, and provide valuable information for groundwater investigations.
C1 [Walsh, David; Turner, Peter; Grunewald, Elliot; Zhang, Hong] Vista Clara Inc, Mukilteo, WA 98275 USA.
[Butler, James J., Jr.; Reboulet, Ed; Knobbe, Steve] Kansas Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66044 USA.
[Christy, Tom] Geoprobe Syst, Salina, KS USA.
[Lane, John W., Jr.; Johnson, Carole D.] US Geol Survey, Storrs, CT USA.
[Munday, Tim] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Kensington, WA, Australia.
[Fitzpatrick, Andrew] Cameco, Perth, WA, Australia.
RP Grunewald, E (reprint author), Vista Clara Inc, 12201 Cyrus Way,Suite 104, Mukilteo, WA 98275 USA.
EM elliot@vista-clara.com
RI Butler, James/H-7249-2015
OI Butler, James/0000-0002-6682-266X
FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER84931, DE-SC000423]; USGS; Water for a
Healthy Country Flagship's Water Resources Assessment Theme
FX This material is based upon work supported, in part, by the Department
of Energy under grant numbers DE-FG02-07ER84931 and DE-SC000423 to Vista
Clara, Inc. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) authors acknowledge
support from the USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology and Groundwater
Resources Programs. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations
expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the Department of Energy, but do
represent the views of the U.S. Geological Survey. The CSIRO/Cameco
authors acknowledge the support of the Water for a Healthy Country
Flagship's Water Resources Assessment Theme.
NR 39
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 6
BP 914
EP 926
DI 10.1111/gwat.12024
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 251YX
UT WOS:000326972100014
PM 23425428
ER
PT J
AU Cecil, CB
AF Cecil, C. Blaine
TI An overview and interpretation of autocyclic and allocyclic processes
and the accumulation of strata during the Pennsylvanian-Permian
transition in the central Appalachian Basin, USA
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Autocyclic; Allocyclic; Paleoclimate; Climate drying
ID PALEOCLIMATE CONTROLS; WEST-VIRGINIA; CLIMATE; CYCLOTHEMS; MIDCONTINENT;
DEGLACIATION; SEQUENCES; BRAZIL; PLAIN
AB Autocyclic and allocyclic processes controlled the lithostratigraphy of strata that accumulated in the central Appalachian foreland basin during the Pennsylvanian and the transition to the Permian. The transition strata, from bottom to top, include the Late Pennsylvanian Pittsburgh and Uniontown formations of the Monongahela Group, the Waynesburg and Washington formations of the Dunkard Group and the Permian Greene Formation of the Dunkard. Variations in the amount of precipitation were the predominant allocyclic control on stratigraphic variations in terrestrial organic productivity, lacustrine base levels, basin-scale weathering, water table and pedogenesis, sediment supply, and sedimentary geochemistry. Tectonic subsidence controlled accommodation space and basin configuration. Eustasy had little or no effect on the stratigraphy of strata deposited in this continental basin during the Pennsylvanian-Permian transition. Autocyclic processes were the predominant spatial control on architecture of alluvial plain aggradation.
Paleosols, delineating regional unconformities, show a gradual upward transition from kaolinitic underclay paleosols indicative of a humid climate in the Late Pennsylvanian Monongahela Group to petrocalcic paleosols indicative of a dry subhumid to semiarid climate during deposition of Dunkard strata. As in the Monongahela Group, the Dunkard Group Waynesburg and Washington Formations contain multi-bedded nonmarine lacustrine limestones with subareal exposure features. These limestones grade laterally into petrocalcic paleo-Vertisols in the up-dip alluvial plain. Subareal exposure features are uncommon in centimeter-scale micritic limestones in the Permian Greene Formation; equivalent up-dip paleosols have been lost to erosion. Coal bed continuity, thickness, and quality, also decrease up-section from the very thick (>m) and laterally continuous Pittsburgh Coal at the base of the Monongahela Group to thin (cm scale) and laterally discontinuous coal beds that unconformably overlie the paleosol/underclay/limestone complexes in the Greene Formation. Lacustrine shales and impure (wacke) fluvio-lacustrine sandstones, commonly with a weak pedogenic overprint, generally overlie coal beds.
During accumulation of Monongahela and Dunkard (MDG) strata within the basin center, unconformities at the tops of regional paleosols, overlain by lacustrine strata, suggest allocyclic-induced repeated rise and fall of lacustrine conditions in a lacustrine-fan-delta complex analogous to the Okavango basin and fan in Namibia, southern Africa, and/or the Pantanal in southern Brazil. During maximum lake levels, progradation of fluvio-deltaic systems resulted in laminated shale conformably overlain by dark shale and flat-bottomed distributary mouth bar siltstones and sandstones. Prograding distributaries and/or fluvial channels subsequently incised the flat-bottom mouth bar sands. Where basin margin strata are preserved, south of the basin center, depositional environments consist of aggrading alluvial plain sequences with paleosols, fluvial channel sands, and flood plain deposits. Anastomosing fluvial systems prograded across a low gradient (similar to 1 ft/mile; similar to 20 cm/km) alluvial plain into the basin center. A weak pedogenic overprint, marked by ubiquitous root penetrations, occurs throughout most basin-centered fluvial deposits. The subtle but continuous decline in the repetition of cyclic lithostratigraphy up-section in the MDG, particularly in the Greene Formation, appears to be the result of a 10-myr-climate transition from the humid to dry subhumid climate cycles of the Late Pennsylvanian to the equable semiarid to arid climate of the Middle Permian in North America. Cyclothems, common in Pennsylvanian strata, become less distinct up-section in the Dunkard because of decreasing development of underclays, coal, and limestone. This 30-myr period of transition from the humid Pennsylvanian to the arid Permian has been referred to as the Dyassic Period. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Cecil, C. Blaine] US Geol Survey, Rockbridge Baths, VA 24473 USA.
[Cecil, C. Blaine] NMNH Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Cecil, CB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 425 Brownsburg Turnpike, Rockbridge Baths, VA 24473 USA.
EM cecilblaine@gmail.com
NR 46
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 119
SI SI
BP 21
EP 31
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2013.07.012
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 251EB
UT WOS:000326909500003
ER
PT J
AU Montanez, IP
Cecil, CB
AF Montanez, Isabel P.
Cecil, C. Blaine
TI Paleoenvironmental clues archived in non-marine Pennsylvanian-lower
Permian limestones of the Central Appalachian Basin, USA
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Late Paleozoic climate; Non-marine limestone; Appalachian Basin;
Palustrine carbonate
ID UPPER FREEPORT FORMATION; PALEOZOIC ICE-AGE; NORTH-AMERICA; PALUSTRINE
CARBONATES; PALEOCLIMATE CONTROLS; MADRID BASIN; CLIMATE; RECORD; SPAIN;
STRATIGRAPHY
AB Nonmarine limestones are a key component of the upper Middle Pennsylvanian through lower Permian succession in the Appalachian Basin. Previous interpretations of their environments of deposition range from brackish coastal mudflats to hydrologically open freshwater lake complexes with peat-forming vegetated marshes to semi-closed or closed, possibly saline, shallow lakes developed on a distal alluvial plain.
Ostracode wackestones/packstones, some exhibiting laminations, and with fish debris, articulated ostracode shells and phosphatic clasts define the lower portions of limestone beds or benches, passing upward into ostracode-peloidal wackestones/packstones and intraclastic-skeletal-peloidal pacicstones/grainstones. Desiccation features and rooting structures, which are developed in the upper portions of the limestones, record subaerial exposure, pedogenic alteration and desiccation. Pseudomicrokarst and caliche-like vadose and early diagenetic phreatic cements suggest a seasonally dry subhumid to semi-arid regional climate. Many of the sedimentologic and diagenetic features of the limestones are characteristic of palustrine carbonates, which coupled with their stratigraphic relation to paleo-Vertisols, siliciclastics, and coals, indicate that they formed in broad seasonal wetland-pond complexes that developed on distal regions of a low-gradient, distal alluvial plain under seasonally dry subhumid to semi-arid climates. Integration of Sr isotopic compositions of shark teeth with previously published stable isotope compositions of the limestones suggests that these purely continental environments were hydrologically semi-closed to closed systems. Repeated stacking of these features at the bed- to limestone bench-scale defines repeated shallowing upward, drying cycles at the 10(3) to 10(4) yr-scale, which were likely climate-driven. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Montanez, Isabel P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Cecil, C. Blaine] US Geol Survey, Rockbridge Baths, VA 24473 USA.
[Cecil, C. Blaine] NMNH Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Montanez, IP (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM ipmontanez@ucdavis.edu
FU NSF [EAR-05545654, EAR-1024737]
FX The authors express their gratitude to Bill DiMichele for his
willingness to share ideas, enlighten us on things 'floral', and engage
us in enlightening discussions. This paper would not exist without his
pro-active encouragement delivered in a multitude of ways. James Bishop
and Vickie Pedone provided thoughtful and constructive reviews of an
earlier version of this paper. Parts of this research were supported by
NSF grants EAR-05545654 and EAR-1024737 to IPM.
NR 88
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U1 3
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 119
SI SI
BP 41
EP 55
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2013.08.009
PG 15
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 251EB
UT WOS:000326909500005
ER
PT J
AU DiMichele, WA
Kerp, H
Sirmons, R
Fedorko, N
Skema, V
Blake, BM
Cecil, CB
AF DiMichele, William A.
Kerp, Hans
Sirmons, Roberta
Fedorko, Nick
Skema, Viktoras
Blake, Bascombe M., Jr.
Cecil, C. Blaine
TI Callipterid peltasperms of the Dunkard Group, Central Appalachian Basin
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dunkard; Callipterids; Permian; Pennsylvanian; Paleoecology;
Paleoclimate
ID PERMIAN PALEOBOTANY; NORTH-AMERICA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CONIFERS;
PALYNOLOGY; TRANSITION; BOUNDARY; ORIGIN; FLORAS; WEST
AB The Dunkard Group is the youngest late Paleozoic rock unit in the Central Appalachian Basin. Its age, however, remains controversial. In its southern and western two-thirds the Dunkard is comprised largely of red beds, sandstone and siltstone channel deposits and paleosols. In its thickest, most northerly exposures, in southwestern Pennsylvania, northern West Virginia, and east-central Ohio, much of the lower part of the unit is composed of coals, non-marine limestones and gray, often calcareous, paleosols. Age dating is confounded by the non-marine nature of the deposit and by the lack of dateable volcanic ash beds. Dunkard fossils include plants, vertebrates, and both aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates. Most of the fossil groups point to an age very close to, if not including, the Pennsylvanian Permian boundary, though the exact position of that boundary is uncertain. Callipterids make their first appearance in the Dunkard flora in the middle of the Washington Formation and continue into the Greene Formation, but in different beds from those containing wetland floral elements. Publication of these plants in the "Permian Flora" of Fontaine and White (1880) created an immediate controversy about the age of the unit because Callipteris conferta (now Autunia conferta) was, at the time, considered to be an index fossil for the base of the Permian. Subsequent collecting has revealed these callipterds to comprise four species: A. conferta, Autunia naumannii, Lodevia oxydata and Rhachiphyllum schenkii. Callipterids and the conifers with which they are sometimes associated are typically found in seasonally dry equatorial environments and most likely constitute an environmentally controlled biofacies. This biofacies is not well known, resulting in limited biostratigraphic utility. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [DiMichele, William A.; Sirmons, Roberta] NMNH Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Kerp, Hans] Univ Munster, Forsch Stelle Palaobot, Munster, Germany.
[Fedorko, Nick] Cove Geol Serv, Moatsville, WV 26405 USA.
[Skema, Viktoras] Penn Geol Survey, Middletown, PA 17057 USA.
[Blake, Bascombe M., Jr.] West Virginia Geol & Econ Survey, Morgantown, WV 26508 USA.
[Cecil, C. Blaine] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP DiMichele, WA (reprint author), NMNH Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, MRC 121, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM dimichel@si.edu; kerp@uni-muenster.de; rsirmons@si.edu;
nick.fedorko@gmail.com; skema@verizon.net; blake@geosrv.wvnet.edu;
cecilblaine@gmail.com
FU National Museum of Natural History small grants program; United States
Geological Survey; Pennsylvania Geological Survey; West Virginia
Geological and Economic Survey
FX This research was supported in part by the National Museum of Natural
History small grants program, the United States Geological Survey,
Pennsylvania Geological Survey, and West Virginia Geological and
Economic Survey. Historic USGS topographic maps are from the historic
map collection made available by MyTopo, http://historical.mytopo.com/.
We thank Benjamin Bomfleur and an anonymous reviewer for detailed,
thoughtful comments on an earlier version of the paper that greatly
improved it.
NR 95
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U1 2
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 119
SI SI
BP 56
EP 78
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2013.07.025
PG 23
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 251EB
UT WOS:000326909500006
ER
PT J
AU Warren, JM
Cutting, KA
Koons, DN
AF Warren, Jeffrey M.
Cutting, Kyle A.
Koons, David N.
TI Body condition dynamics and the cost-of-delay hypothesis in a
temperate-breeding duck
SO JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SCAUP AYTHYA-AFFINIS; BLUE-WINGED TEAL; LESSER SCAUP;
REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; CLUTCH-SIZE; SNOW GEESE; NUTRIENT RESERVES;
FOOD AVAILABILITY; SEASONAL DECLINE; BIRDS
AB Pre-breeding body condition is an important determinant of reproductive success in birds, largely through its influence on timing of breeding. Declines in clutch size and recruitment probability within breeding seasons indicate a tradeoff may exist between the number of young (clutch size) and quality of young (recruitment probability). We explored local drivers of pre-breeding body condition and tested predictions of the cost-of-delay hypothesis in female lesser scaup Aythya affinis. Yearling females arrived on the study site in lower body condition than older females, but both age classes had similar rates of body condition gain on the breeding grounds prior to nesting. Rates of body condition gain were positively influenced by water temperature, a proxy for wetland phenology. The effect of water level was asymptotic and interacted with water temperature, with greater rates of gain in body condition occurring in years with low water levels. Our results supported the predicted response of clutch size to the rate of pre-breeding body condition gain. After accounting for lay date, clutch size was positively related to the rate of body condition gain ((beta) over cap = 0.08 +/- 0.039). We did not find support for a predicted interaction between rate of body condition gain and intra-seasonal decline in clutch size ((beta) over cap = 0.01 +/- 0.01). Our results indicate that local conditions during pre-breeding influence body condition dynamics in female lesser scaup, which subsequently affects clutch size.
C1 [Warren, Jeffrey M.; Cutting, Kyle A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Red Rock Lakes Natl Wildlife Refuge, Lima, MT 59739 USA.
[Warren, Jeffrey M.; Koons, David N.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Koons, David N.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Warren, JM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Red Rock Lakes Natl Wildlife Refuge, 27650B South Valley Rd, Lima, MT 59739 USA.
EM jeffrey_warren@fws.gov
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey; Waterfowl Research
Foundation, Inc.; Delta Waterfowl
FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors
and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife
Service. Financial support was provided by US Fish and Wildlife Service,
US Geological Survey, Waterfowl Research Foundation, Inc., and Delta
Waterfowl. We would also like to thank our technicians, S. Bard, E.
Cutting, K. C. Cutting, W. Goldenberg, Y. Karagitcheva, A. Lawson, D.
Messmer, S. O'Neil and A. Phillips. Lastly, we thank the staff of Red
Rock Lakes National Wildlife Refuge for their logistical support.
NR 61
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U1 0
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0908-8857
EI 1600-048X
J9 J AVIAN BIOL
JI J. Avian Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 44
IS 6
BP 575
EP 582
DI 10.1111/j.1600-048X.2013.00150.x
PG 8
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 255ED
UT WOS:000327221300008
ER
PT J
AU Williams, CL
Charland, P
Radloff, G
Sample, D
Jackson, RD
AF Williams, Carol L.
Charland, Paul
Radloff, Gary
Sample, David
Jackson, Randall D.
TI Grass-shed: Place and process for catalyzing perennial grass
bioeconomies and their potential multiple benefits
SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
ID INTENSIFICATION; AGRICULTURE; MANAGEMENT; BIOFUELS; ECOLOGY; SCIENCE;
INPUT; MODEL; KEY
C1 [Williams, Carol L.; Jackson, Randall D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Williams, Carol L.; Radloff, Gary] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Madison, WI USA.
[Charland, Paul] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Portage, WI USA.
[Sample, David] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Bur Sci Serv, Madison, WI USA.
[Jackson, Randall D.] Univ Wisconsin, US Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
RP Williams, CL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
FU University of Wisconsin College of Agriculture USDA Hatch Grant
[WIS01730]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of
Science) [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494]
FX We thank Andy Paulios, David Williams, and Pamela Porter for their
insights and comments in the early stages of this work. This work was
funded in part by a University of Wisconsin College of Agriculture USDA
Hatch Grant (WIS01730) and the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
(DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494).
NR 44
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U1 1
U2 9
PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC
PI ANKENY
PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA
SN 0022-4561
EI 1941-3300
J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV
JI J. Soil Water Conserv.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 68
IS 6
BP 141A
EP 146A
DI 10.2489/jswc.68.6.141A
PG 6
WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 254QT
UT WOS:000327181100001
ER
PT J
AU Ringler, AT
Hutt, CR
Persefield, K
Gee, LS
AF Ringler, A. T.
Hutt, C. R.
Persefield, K.
Gee, L. S.
TI Seismic Station Installation Orientation Errors at ANSS and IRIS/USGS
Stations
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLARIZATION DATA; PROPAGATION; MODELS
C1 [Ringler, A. T.; Hutt, C. R.; Gee, L. S.] US Geol Survey, Albuquerque Seismol Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87198 USA.
[Persefield, K.] Honeywell Technol Solut Inc, Albuquerque Seismol Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87198 USA.
RP Ringler, AT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Albuquerque Seismol Lab, POB 82010, Albuquerque, NM 87198 USA.
EM aringler@usgs.gov
NR 22
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U1 0
U2 3
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 6
BP 926
EP 931
DI 10.1785/0220130072
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 250MV
UT WOS:000326857800002
ER
PT J
AU Searcy, C
AF Searcy, Cheryl
TI Seismicity Associated with the May 2010 Eruption of South Sarigan
Seamount, Northern Mariana Islands
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANATAHAN VOLCANO; ARENAL VOLCANO; COSTA-RICA; TREMOR; COMMONWEALTH; ARC;
PACIFIC; MODEL
C1 US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Searcy, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, 4230 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM csearcy@usgs.gov
NR 19
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U1 1
U2 4
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 6
BP 1055
EP 1061
DI 10.1785/0220120168
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 250MV
UT WOS:000326857800018
ER
PT J
AU Clemens, BJ
van de Wetering, S
Sower, SA
Schreck, CB
AF Clemens, Benjamin J.
van de Wetering, Stan
Sower, Stacia A.
Schreck, Carl B.
TI Maturation characteristics and life-history strategies of the Pacific
lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE
LA English
DT Article
DE primitive; Petromyzontiformes; life history
ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; SEA LAMPREY;
LAMPETRA-TRIDENTATA; CONSERVATION STATUS; PARASITIC LAMPREYS; COLUMBIA
RIVER; ADULT; OREGON; POPULATION
AB Lampreys (Petromyzontiformes) have persisted over millennia and now suffer a recent decline in abundance. Complex life histories may have factored in their persistence; anthropogenic perturbations in their demise. The complexity of life histories of lampreys is not understood, particularly for the anadromous Pacific lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus Gairdner, 1836. Our goals were to describe the maturation timing and associated characteristics of adult Pacific lamprey, and to test the null hypothesis that different life histories do not exist. Females exhibited early vitellogenesis - early maturation stages; males exhibited spermatogonia - spermatozoa. Cluster analyses revealed an "immature" group and a "maturing-mature" group for each sex. We found statistically significant differences between these groups in the relationships between (i) body mass and total length in males; (ii) Fulton's condition factor and liver lipids in males; (iii) the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and liver lipids in females; (iv) GSI and total length in females; (v) mean oocyte diameter and liver lipids; and (vi) mean oocyte diameter and GSI. We found no significant difference between the groups in the relationship of muscle lipids and body mass. Our analyses support rejection of the hypothesis of a single life history. We found evidence for an "ocean-maturing" life history that would likely spawn within several weeks of entering fresh water, in addition to the formerly recognized life history of spending 1 year in fresh water prior to spawning-the "stream-maturing" life history. Late maturity, semelparity, and high fecundity suggest that Pacific lamprey capitalize on infrequent opportunities for reproduction in highly variable environments.
C1 [Clemens, Benjamin J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Clemens, Benjamin J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[van de Wetering, Stan] Confederated Tribes Siletz Indians, Dept Nat Resources, Siletz, OR 97380 USA.
[Sower, Stacia A.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Mol Cellular & Biomed Sci, Ctr Mol & Comparat Endocrinol, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Schreck, Carl B.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Clemens, BJ (reprint author), Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis Res Lab, 28655 Highway 34, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM Ben.Clemens@oregonstate.edu
FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Indians; Department of Fisheries and
Wildlife at Oregon State University; Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish
Commission
FX Many individuals from Oregon State University (OSU), the Yurok and Karuk
tribes, the Confederated Tribes of the Siletz, Portland General
Electric, and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife assisted in the
field. Several OSU affiliates assisted with fecundity counts. T. Workman
assisted with lipid extractions. M. Kent provided a microscope and
camera, and T. Peterson provided assistance with histology
interpretations. D. Roby provided access to the equipment for lipid
extractions. Funding was provided by the National Fish and Wildlife
Foundation, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Confederated Tribes
of the Siletz Indians, the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife at
Oregon State University, and the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish
Commission. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
This study was approved by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
of Oregon State University (ACUP No. 3569).
NR 51
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U1 2
U2 28
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0008-4301
EI 1480-3283
J9 CAN J ZOOL
JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 91
IS 11
BP 775
EP 788
DI 10.1139/cjz-2013-0114
PG 14
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 245MH
UT WOS:000326467300002
ER
PT J
AU Grimm, NB
Staudinger, MD
Staudt, A
Carter, SL
Chapin, FS
Kareiva, P
Ruckelshaus, M
Stein, BA
AF Grimm, Nancy B.
Staudinger, Michelle D.
Staudt, Amanda
Carter, Shawn L.
Chapin, F. Stuart, III
Kareiva, Peter
Ruckelshaus, Mary
Stein, Bruce A.
TI Climate-change impacts on ecological systems: introduction to a US
assessment
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; UNITED-STATES; BARK BEETLE;
CONSERVATION; ADAPTATION; BIODIVERSITY; RESPONSES; TERRESTRIAL;
POPULATION
AB As part of the 2014 US National Climate Assessment, over 60 subject-matter experts from government agencies, academia, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector assessed the current and projected impacts of climate change on ecosystems, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. Here, we introduce and provide context for the papers included in this Special Issue, drawing upon the key findings from separate assessments of biodiversity, ecosystem structure and function, ecosystem services, climate-change impacts in the context of other stressors, and societal responses to change (ie climate adaptation). We also explain the assessment process and show how the current state of knowledge can be used to identify risks and guide future research and management initiatives.
C1 [Grimm, Nancy B.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Staudinger, Michelle D.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO USA.
[Staudinger, Michelle D.] Univ Massachusetts, NE Climate Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Staudt, Amanda] Natl Wildlife Federat, Reston, VA USA.
[Staudt, Amanda; Carter, Shawn L.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Chapin, F. Stuart, III] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Kareiva, Peter] Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA USA.
[Ruckelshaus, Mary] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Stein, Bruce A.] Natl Wildlife Federat, Washington, DC USA.
RP Grimm, NB (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM nbgrimm@asu.edu
RI Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009;
OI Grimm, Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Chapin III, F
Stuart/0000-0002-2558-9910; Staudinger, Michelle/0000-0002-4535-2005
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; US Geological Survey; NASA
FX This work resulted from an assessment workshop held in 2012. We thank
the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, which provided a venue for the
workshop and funding for this publication; the US Geological Survey,
which provided funding for the workshop and financial support for the
preparation of the BEES report and this Special Issue; and NASA, for
helping to fund this publication. This work was performed while NBG was
working at the National Science Foundation (NSF). Any opinions,
findings, and conclusions expressed here are those of the authors and do
not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF.
NR 43
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U1 1
U2 70
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 9
BP 456
EP 464
DI 10.1890/120310
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 244CE
UT WOS:000326363900002
ER
PT J
AU Staudinger, MD
Carter, SL
Cross, MS
Dubois, NS
Duffy, JE
Enquist, C
Griffis, R
Hellmann, JJ
Lawler, JJ
O'Leary, J
Morrison, SA
Sneddon, L
Stein, BA
Thompson, LM
Turner, W
AF Staudinger, Michelle D.
Carter, Shawn L.
Cross, Molly S.
Dubois, Natalie S.
Duffy, J. Emmett
Enquist, Carolyn
Griffis, Roger
Hellmann, Jessica J.
Lawler, Joshua J.
O'Leary, John
Morrison, Scott A.
Sneddon, Lesley
Stein, Bruce A.
Thompson, Laura M.
Turner, Woody
TI Biodiversity in a changing climate: a synthesis of current and projected
trends in the US
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID RANGE SHIFTS; WESTERN-HEMISPHERE; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; LOCAL ADAPTATION;
SPECIES RANGES; POPULATION; IMPACTS; MARINE; DISPERSAL; EVOLUTION
AB This paper provides a synthesis of the recent literature describing how global biodiversity is being affected by climate change and is projected to respond in the future. Current studies reinforce earlier findings of major climate-change-related impacts on biological systems and document new, more subtle after-effects. For example, many species are shifting their distributions and phenologies at faster rates than were recorded just a few years ago; however, responses are not uniform across species. Shifts have been idiosyncratic and in some cases counterintuitive, promoting new community compositions and altering biotic interactions. Although genetic diversity enhances species' potential to respond to variable conditions, climate change may outpace intrinsic adaptive capacities and increase the relative vulnerabilities of many organisms. Developing effective adaptation strategies for biodiversity conservation will not only require flexible decision-making and management approaches that account for uncertainties in climate projections and ecological responses but will also necessitate coordinated monitoring efforts.
C1 [Staudinger, Michelle D.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Staudinger, Michelle D.; Carter, Shawn L.; Thompson, Laura M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Climate Change & Wildlife Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Staudinger, Michelle D.] US Dept Interior Northeast Climate Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA USA.
[Cross, Molly S.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bozeman, MT USA.
[Dubois, Natalie S.] Defenders Wildlife, Washington, DC USA.
[Duffy, J. Emmett] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Enquist, Carolyn] Univ Arizona, USA Natl Phenol Network, Natl Coordinating Off, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Enquist, Carolyn] Wildlife Soc, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Griffis, Roger] NOAA Fisheries, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Hellmann, Jessica J.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Lawler, Joshua J.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[O'Leary, John] Massachusetts Div Fisheries & Wildlife, Westborough, MA USA.
[Morrison, Scott A.] Nature Conservancy, San Francisco, CA USA.
[Sneddon, Lesley] NatureServe, Eastern Reg Off, Boston, MA USA.
[Stein, Bruce A.] Natl Wildlife Federat, Washington, DC USA.
[Turner, Woody] Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm Headquarters, Earth Sci Div, Washington, DC USA.
RP Staudinger, MD (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM mstaudinger@usgs.gov
OI Staudinger, Michelle/0000-0002-4535-2005
FU US Geological Survey's (USGS's) National Climate Change and Wildlife
Science Center; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Aeronautics
and Space Administration
FX Funding for this study and the development of the full technical report,
"Impacts of climate change on biodiversity, ecosystems, and ecosystem
services: technical input to the 2013 National Climate Assessment", was
provided by the US Geological Survey's (USGS's) National Climate Change
and Wildlife Science Center, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank W Reid, J
Whittier, E Varela-Acevedo, JP Schmidt, C Allen, J Belnap, and L Buckley
for thoughtful comments on and assistance with earlier versions of this
manuscript.
NR 50
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U1 10
U2 135
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 9
BP 465
EP 473
DI 10.1890/120272
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 244CE
UT WOS:000326363900003
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, EJ
Kareiva, P
Ruckelshaus, M
Arkema, K
Geller, G
Girvetz, E
Goodrich, D
Matzek, V
Pinsky, M
Reid, W
Saunders, M
Semmens, D
Tallis, H
AF Nelson, Erik J.
Kareiva, Peter
Ruckelshaus, Mary
Arkema, Katie
Geller, Gary
Girvetz, Evan
Goodrich, Dave
Matzek, Virginia
Pinsky, Malin
Reid, Walt
Saunders, Martin
Semmens, Darius
Tallis, Heather
TI Climate change's impact on key ecosystem services and the human
well-being they support in the US
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; CALIFORNIA; DISPERSAL; FISHERIES; BENEFITS; OCEAN;
TEMPERATURE; SNOWPACK; MARINE; YIELDS
AB Climate change alters the functions of ecological systems. As a result, the provision of ecosystem services and the well-being of people that rely on these services are being modified. Climate models portend continued warming and more frequent extreme weather events across the US. Such weather-related disturbances will place a premium on the ecosystem services that people rely on. We discuss some of the observed and anticipated impacts of climate change on ecosystem service provision and livelihoods in the US. We also highlight promising adaptive measures. The challenge will be choosing which adaptive strategies to implement, given limited resources and time. We suggest using dynamic balance sheets or accounts of natural capital and natural assets to prioritize and evaluate national and regional adaptation strategies that involve ecosystem services.
C1 [Nelson, Erik J.] Bowdoin Coll, Dept Econ, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA.
[Kareiva, Peter; Girvetz, Evan] Nature Conservancy, Seattle, WA USA.
[Ruckelshaus, Mary; Arkema, Katie; Tallis, Heather] Stanford Univ, Nat Capital Project, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ruckelshaus, Mary; Arkema, Katie; Tallis, Heather] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ruckelshaus, Mary; Arkema, Katie; Girvetz, Evan] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Geller, Gary] NASA, Ecol Forecasting Program, CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Goodrich, Dave] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Matzek, Virginia; Saunders, Martin] Santa Clara Univ, Dept Environm Studies & Sci, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA.
[Pinsky, Malin] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Reid, Walt] David & Lucile Packard Fdn, Los Altos, CA USA.
[Semmens, Darius] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Nelson, EJ (reprint author), Bowdoin Coll, Dept Econ, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA.
EM enelson2@bowdoin.edu
RI Pinsky, Malin/K-2884-2015;
OI Pinsky, Malin/0000-0002-8523-8952; Geller, Gary/0000-0002-4490-6002
FU David H Smith Conservation Research Fellowship
FX Part of the research described in this article was carried out at the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. MLP's
participation was supported by a David H Smith Conservation Research
Fellowship. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 69
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U2 116
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 9
BP 483
EP 493
DI 10.1890/120312
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 244CE
UT WOS:000326363900005
ER
PT J
AU Staudt, A
Leidner, AK
Howard, J
Brauman, KA
Dukes, JS
Hansen, LJ
Paukert, C
Sabo, J
Solorzano, LA
AF Staudt, Amanda
Leidner, Allison K.
Howard, Jennifer
Brauman, Kate A.
Dukes, Jeffrey S.
Hansen, Lara J.
Paukert, Craig
Sabo, John
Solorzano, Luis A.
TI The added complications of climate change: understanding and managing
biodiversity and ecosystems
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID BUTTERFLY DIVERSITY; MELTING GLACIERS; GLOBAL CHANGE; LAND-USE; IMPACTS;
TEMPERATURE; METAANALYSIS; IRRIGATION; SCENARIOS; DRIVERS
AB Ecosystems around the world are already threatened by land-use and land-cover change, extraction of natural resources, biological disturbances, and pollution. These environmental stressors have been the primary source of ecosystem degradation to date, and climate change is now exacerbating some of their effects. Ecosystems already under stress are likely to have more rapid and acute reactions to climate change; it is therefore useful to understand how multiple stresses will interact, especially as the magnitude of climate change increases. Understanding these interactions could be critically important in the design of climate adaptation strategies, especially because actions taken by other sectors (eg energy, agriculture, transportation) to address climate change may create new ecosystem stresses.
C1 [Staudt, Amanda] Natl Wildlife Federat, Reston, VA USA.
[Leidner, Allison K.] NASA Headquarters, Div Earth Sci, Washington, DC USA.
[Howard, Jennifer] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Brauman, Kate A.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Environm, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Hansen, Lara J.] EcoAdapt, Bainbridge Island, WA USA.
[Paukert, Craig] Univ Missouri, USGS, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Columbia, MO USA.
[Sabo, John] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA.
[Solorzano, Luis A.] Gordon & Betty Moore Fdn, Palo Alto, CA USA.
RP Staudt, A (reprint author), Natl Acad, Washington, DC USA.
EM astaudt@nas.edu
RI Dukes, Jeffrey/C-9765-2009;
OI Dukes, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9482-7743; Brauman, Kate/0000-0002-8099-285X
FU Missouri Department of Conservation; University of Missouri; USGS; US
Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank K Johnson, J Riddell, and D Allen for helpful input to earlier
versions of this manuscript. We acknowledge the US Geological Survey
(USGS), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and the University of
Missouri for supporting the workgroup meetings. The Missouri Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the Missouri
Department of Conservation, the University of Missouri, the USGS, the US
Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 53
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U1 9
U2 72
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 9
BP 494
EP 501
DI 10.1890/120275
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 244CE
UT WOS:000326363900006
ER
PT J
AU Miller, MP
Knaus, BJ
Mullins, TD
Haig, SM
AF Miller, Mark P.
Knaus, Brian J.
Mullins, Thomas D.
Haig, Susan M.
TI SSR_pipeline: A Bioinformatic Infrastructure for Identifying
Microsatellites From Paired-End Illumina High-Throughput DNA Sequencing
Data
SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY
LA English
DT Article
DE next-generation DNA sequencing; Python; simple sequence repeat
ID IDENTIFICATION; CONSERVATION; MARKERS
AB SSR_pipeline is a flexible set of programs designed to efficiently identify simple sequence repeats (e.g., microsatellites) from paired-end high-throughput Illumina DNA sequencing data. The program suite contains 3 analysis modules along with a fourth control module that can automate analyses of large volumes of data. The modules are used to 1) identify the subset of paired-end sequences that pass Illumina quality standards, 2) align paired-end reads into a single composite DNA sequence, and 3) identify sequences that possess microsatellites (both simple and compound) conforming to user-specified parameters. The microsatellite search algorithm is extremely efficient, and we have used it to identify repeats with motifs from 2 to 25bp in length. Each of the 3 analysis modules can also be used independently to provide greater flexibility or to work with FASTQ or FASTA files generated from other sequencing platforms (Roche 454, Ion Torrent, etc.). We demonstrate use of the program with data from the brine fly Ephydra packardi (Diptera: Ephydridae) and provide empirical timing benchmarks to illustrate program performance on a common desktop computer environment. We further show that the Illumina platform is capable of identifying large numbers of microsatellites, even when using unenriched sample libraries and a very small percentage of the sequencing capacity from a single DNA sequencing run. All modules from SSR_pipeline are implemented in the Python programming language and can therefore be used from nearly any computer operating system (Linux, Macintosh, and Windows).
C1 [Miller, Mark P.; Mullins, Thomas D.; Haig, Susan M.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Knaus, Brian J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crop Res Unit, Corvallis, OR USA.
RP Miller, MP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM mpmiller@usgs.gov
OI Knaus, Brian/0000-0003-1665-4343
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center;
U.S. Forest Service
FX U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center;
the U.S. Forest Service.
NR 20
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Z9 8
U1 1
U2 24
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-1503
EI 1465-7333
J9 J HERED
JI J. Hered.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 104
IS 6
BP 881
EP 885
DI 10.1093/jhered/est056
PG 5
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 239RL
UT WOS:000326043000014
PM 24052535
ER
PT J
AU Malanson, GP
Fagre, DB
AF Malanson, George P.
Fagre, Daniel B.
TI Spatial contexts for temporal variability in alpine vegetation under
ongoing climate change
SO PLANT ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alpine tundra; Ordination; Climate change; Plant community; Similarity;
Western USA
ID MOUNTAIN SUMMITS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; SPECIES RICHNESS; VASCULAR PLANTS;
TUNDRA; USA; DIVERSITY; RESPONSES; PATTERNS; ELEVATION
AB A framework to monitor mountain summit vegetation (The Global Observation Research Initiative in Alpine Environments, GLORIA) was initiated in 1997. GLORIA results should be taken within a regional context of the spatial variability of alpine tundra. Changes observed at GLORIA sites in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA are quantified within the context of the range of variability observed in alpine tundra across much of western North America. Dissimilarity is calculated and used in nonmetric multidimensional scaling for repeated measures of vascular species cover at 14 GLORIA sites with 525 nearby sites and with 436 sites in western North America. The lengths of the trajectories of the GLORIA sites in ordination space are compared to the dimensions of the space created by the larger datasets. The absolute amount of change on the GLORIA summits over 5 years is high, but the degree of change is small relative to the geographical context. The GLORIA sites are on the margin of the ordination volumes with the large datasets. The GLORIA summit vegetation appears to be specialized, arguing for the intrinsic value of early observed change in limited niche space.
C1 [Malanson, George P.] Univ Iowa, Dept Geog, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Fagre, Daniel B.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA.
RP Malanson, GP (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Geog, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM george-malanson@uiowa.edu
FU University of Iowa Center for Global and Regional Environmental
Research; US Geological Survey Park-Oriented Biological Support grant;
NSF [1121305]
FX This research was supported by a seed grant from the University of Iowa
Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research to GPM, by a US
Geological Survey Park-Oriented Biological Support grant to DBF, and by
NSF award 1121305. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government. This is a contribution from the Mountain GeoDynamics
Research Group.
NR 92
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U1 2
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1385-0237
EI 1573-5052
J9 PLANT ECOL
JI Plant Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 214
IS 11
BP 1309
EP 1319
DI 10.1007/s11258-013-0253-3
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA 236PW
UT WOS:000325812500002
ER
PT J
AU Holland, JN
Wang, YS
Sun, S
DeAngelis, DL
AF Holland, J. Nathaniel
Wang, Yuanshi
Sun, Shan
DeAngelis, Donald L.
TI Consumer-resource dynamics of indirect interactions in a
mutualism-parasitism food web module
SO THEORETICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Community; Interaction strength; Model; Mutualism; Parasitism;
Plant-pollinator-nectar robber
ID ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES; EXPLOITATION ECOSYSTEMS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS;
TROPHIC CASCADES; NETWORKS; STABILITY; PERSISTENCE; COMPETITION;
PREDATION; MODEL
AB Food web dynamics are well known to vary with indirect interactions, classic examples including apparent competition, intraguild predation, exploitative competition, and trophic cascades of food chains. Such food web modules entailing predation and competition have been the focus of much theory, whereas modules involving mutualism have received far less attention. We examined an empirically common food web module involving mutualistic (N (2)) and parasitic (N (3)) consumers exploiting a resource of a basal mutualist (N (1)), as illustrated by plants, pollinators, and nectar robbers. This mutualism-parasitism food web module is structurally similar to exploitative competition, suggesting that the module of two consumers exploiting a resource is unstable. Rather than parasitic consumers destabilizing the module through (-,-) indirect interactions, two mechanisms associated with the mutualism can actually enhance the persistence of the module. First, the positive feedback of mutualism favors coexistence in stable limit cycles, whereby (+,-) indirect interactions emerge in which increases in N (2) have positive effects on N (3) and increases in N (3) have negative effects on N (2). This (+,-) indirect interaction arising from the saturating positive feedback of mutualism has broad feasibility across many types of food web modules entailing mutualism. Second, optimization of resource exploitation by the mutualistic consumer can lead to persistence of the food web module in a stable equilibrium. The mutualism-parasitism food web module is a basic unit of food webs in which mutualism favors its persistence simply through density-dependent population dynamics, rather than parasitism destabilizing the module.
C1 [Holland, J. Nathaniel] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Wang, Yuanshi] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Math & Computat Sci, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Sun, Shan] Lanzhou Univ, Inst Ecol, Sch Life Sci, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
RP Holland, JN (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Room 369,4800 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
EM jnhollandiii@gmail.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31100277]; Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [lzujbky-2013-99]; NSKF of
China [60736028]; NSFC [11171355]; NSF of Guangdong Province
[S2012010010320]; US Geological Survey's Southeastern Ecological Science
Center; NSF [DEB-0814523, DEB-1147630]
FX We thank W.F. Morris, S. Schreiber, and the anonymous reviewers for
their comments which have improved this study. S.S. acknowledges support
by the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant no. 31100277
and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
(lzujbky-2013-99). Y.W. acknowledges the support by NSKF of China grant
no. 60736028, NSFC grant no. 11171355, and NSF of Guangdong Province
S2012010010320. D.L.D. was supported by the US Geological Survey's
Southeastern Ecological Science Center. J.N.H. and D.L.D. acknowledge
the support from NSF grants DEB-0814523 and DEB-1147630.
NR 81
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U1 6
U2 55
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1874-1738
EI 1874-1746
J9 THEOR ECOL-NETH
JI Theor. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 4
BP 475
EP 493
DI 10.1007/s12080-013-0181-9
PG 19
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 245JZ
UT WOS:000326461200007
ER
PT J
AU Li, J
Chou, IM
Yuan, S
Burruss, RC
AF Li, J.
Chou, I. -M.
Yuan, S.
Burruss, R. C.
TI Observations on the crystallization of spodumene from aqueous solutions
in a hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell
SO GEOFLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE aqueous solution; crystallization medium; hydrothermal diamond-anvil
cell; pegmatite
ID GRANITIC PEGMATITES; COUNTY; NUCLEATION; CALIFORNIA; TEXTURES; GENESIS;
GROWTH; SYSTEM; MODEL
AB Crystallization experiments were conducted in a new type of hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell (HDAC; type V) using LiAlSi2O6 (S) gel and H2O (W) as starting materials. A total of 21 experiments were performed at temperatures up to 950 degrees C and pressures up to 788 MPa. In the samples with relatively low W/S ratios, many small crystals formed in the melt phase during cooling. In those with high W/S ratios, only a few crystals with smooth surfaces crystallized from the aqueous fluid in the presence of melt droplets, which were gradually consumed during crystal growth, indicating rapid transfer of material from the melt to the crystals through the aqueous fluid. The nucleation of crystals started at 710 (+/- 70)degrees C and 520 (+/- 80) MPa, and crystal growth ended at 570 (+/- 40)degrees C and 320 (+/- 90) MPa, with the cooling P-T path within the stability field of spodumene+quartz in the S-W system. The observed linear crystal growth rates in the aqueous phase, calculated by dividing the maximum length of a single crystal by the duration of the entire growth step, were 4.7x10(-6) and 5.7x10(-6) cm s(-1) for the cooling rates of 0.5 and 1 degrees C min(-1), respectively. However, a rapid crystal growth rate of 3.6x10(-5)cm s(-1) in the aqueous fluid was observed when the components were supplied by nearby melt droplets. Our results show that when crystals nucleate in the aqueous fluid instead of the melt phase, there are fewer nuclei formed, and they grow much faster due to the low viscosity of the aqueous fluid, which accelerates diffusion of components for the growth of crystals. Therefore, the large crystals in granitic pegmatite can crystallize directly from aqueous fluids rather than hydrosilicate melt.
C1 [Li, J.; Yuan, S.] Chinese Acad Geol Sci, Inst Mineral Resources, MLR Key Lab Metallogeny & Mineral Assessment, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China.
[Chou, I. -M.; Burruss, R. C.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Chou, I. -M.] Chinese Acad Sci, Sanya Inst Deep Sea Sci & Engn, Lab Expt Study Under Deep Sea Extreme Condit, Sanya, Peoples R China.
RP Li, J (reprint author), Chinese Acad Geol Sci, Inst Mineral Resources, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China.
EM Li9968@126.com
FU CAGS; U.S. Geological Survey; Chinese National Non-profit Institute
Research Grant of CAGS-IMR [K1001]; National Natural Science Foundation
of China [40702014]; Chinese SinoProbe Project [SinoProbe-03-01];
Chinese Academy of Sciences [SIDSSE-201302]
FX We would like to thank Prof. W. A. Bassett for providing HDAC (type V),
Dr. David B. Stewart for providing LiAlSi2O6 gel,
and Robert Seal and Harvey Belkin of the U. S. Geology Survey (USGS),
two anonymous reviewers, and Editors, Prof. Craig Manning and Prof.
Robert Bodnar, for their constructive reviews. Jiankang Li and Shunda
Yuan would like to thank CAGS for financial support and also Ms. Haiping
Qi for her support and encouragement during their one-year visit at the
USGS. This study was supported by the Mineral Program and Energy Program
of U.S. Geological Survey, the Chinese National Non-profit Institute
Research Grant of CAGS-IMR (K1001), the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (40702014), the Chinese SinoProbe Project
(SinoProbe-03-01), and the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese
Academy of Sciences (SIDSSE-201302). The use of trade, product,
industry, or firm names in this report is for descriptive purpose only
and does not constitute endorsement by the USGS and the U.S. Government.
NR 29
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1468-8115
EI 1468-8123
J9 GEOFLUIDS
JI Geofluids
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 4
BP 467
EP 474
DI 10.1111/gfl.12048
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
GA 241RM
UT WOS:000326185200008
ER
PT J
AU Hofstra, AH
Marsh, EE
Todorov, TI
Emsbo, P
AF Hofstra, A. H.
Marsh, E. E.
Todorov, T. I.
Emsbo, P.
TI Fluid inclusion evidence for a genetic link between simple antimony
veins and giant silver veins in the Coeur d'Alene mining district, ID
and MT, USA
SO GEOFLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE antimony; Coeur d'Alene; fluid inclusion; gas; ion; LA-ICP-MS;
microthermometry; Raman; silver; vein
ID PRECIOUS-METAL VEINS; U-PB GEOCHRONOLOGY; ORE-FORMING EVENTS; NM
EXCIMER-LASER; ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY; WESTERN MONTANA; BELT BASIN; GOLD
DEPOSITS; SUNSHINE MINE; IDAHO
AB The US Antimony mine in west central Montana is the United States' second largest quartz-stibnite vein deposit with production and reserves of about 15.4kt of antimony. It is in the Mesoproterozoic Belt Basin on the eastern side of the Coeur d'Alene mining district that is known for its world class Ag, Pb, and Zn veins. To advance understanding of the origin and relation of the simple quartz-stibnite veins in the Prichard Formation to the giant Ag-rich tetrahedrite veins in the Revett and St. Regis Formations, fluid inclusions in quartz from the US Antimony mine were characterized using a variety of single inclusion and bulk analysis techniques. The measured Sb concentrations in fluid inclusions (approximately 2000ppm) agree with equilibrium models for stibnite-saturated fluids at the measured homogenization temperatures (224-263 degrees C), salinities (approximately 5wt.% NaCl), H2S concentrations (<0.001mole%), and near neutral pH indicated by sericitic alteration. The aqueous-carbonic fluid inclusions in quartz from the US Antimony mine have P-T-X that are similar to previous results on fluid inclusions from the giant silver veins in the district. The assemblage and abundance of trace elements and ore metals (Sb>As>Fe>Pb>Zn>Cu>Ag) in fluid inclusions from the US Antimony mine support previous interpretations, based upon Pb isotopes, that the quartz-stibnite veins are genetically related to the Ag-rich tetrahedrite veins. In particular, the measured range of Ag concentrations in US Antimony fluid inclusions brackets that calculated on the basis of equilibrium with tetrahedrite in the silver veins. These data clearly show that hydrothermal fluids in the Prichard Formation contained metals that were fixed at shallower levels in the Revett and St. Regis Formations. We surmise that both the antimony and silver veins formed in response to Cretaceous magmatism, prograde metamorphism of the lower Prichard Formation, and episodic discharge of metamorphic fluids along dilatant faults. Ascending fluids deposited quartz and stibnite in the upper Prichard Formation and siderite, quartz, and tetrahedrite at shallower levels in the Revett and St. Regis Formations in response to cooling, decompression, phase separation, and mixing with external fluids.
C1 [Hofstra, A. H.; Marsh, E. E.; Todorov, T. I.; Emsbo, P.] US Geol Survey, Denver Inclus Anal Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Hofstra, AH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Inclus Anal Lab, MS 973,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM ahofstra@usgs.gov
NR 69
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1468-8115
EI 1468-8123
J9 GEOFLUIDS
JI Geofluids
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 4
BP 475
EP 493
DI 10.1111/gfl.12036
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
GA 241RM
UT WOS:000326185200009
ER
PT J
AU Le Corre, L
Reddy, V
Schmedemann, N
Becker, KJ
O'Brien, DP
Yamashita, N
Peplowski, PN
Prettyman, TH
Li, JY
Cloutis, EA
Denevi, BW
Kneisl, T
Palmer, E
Gaskell, RW
Nathues, A
Gaffey, MJ
Mittlefehldt, DW
Garry, WB
Sierks, H
Russell, CT
Raymond, CA
De Sanctis, MC
Ammanito, E
AF Le Corre, Lucille
Reddy, Vishnu
Schmedemann, Nico
Becker, Kris J.
O'Brien, David P.
Yamashita, Naoyuki
Peplowski, Patrick N.
Prettyman, Thomas H.
Li, Jian-Yang
Cloutis, Edward A.
Denevi, Brett W.
Kneisl, Thomas
Palmer, Eric
Gaskell, Robert W.
Nathues, Andreas
Gaffey, Michael J.
Mittlefehldt, David W.
Garry, William B.
Sierks, Holger
Russell, Christopher T.
Raymond, Carol A.
De Sanctis, Maria C.
Ammanito, Eleonora
TI Olivine or impact melt: Nature of the "Orange" material on Vesta from
Dawn
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Asteroid Vesta; Asteroids, composition; Asteroids, surfaces; Mineralogy;
Spectroscopy
ID ASTEROID 4 VESTA; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; REFLECTANCE SPECTRA; HED
METEORITES; GAMMA-RAY; NEUTRON-SPECTRA; PYROXENE BAND; TEMPERATURE;
MISSION; SPECTROSCOPY
AB NASA's Dawn mission observed a great variety of colored terrains on asteroid (4) Vesta during its survey with the Framing Camera (FC). Here we present a detailed study of the orange material on Vesta, which was first observed in color ratio images obtained by the FC and presents a red spectral slope. The orange material deposits can be classified into three types: (a) diffuse ejecta deposited by recent medium-size impact craters (such as Oppia), (b) lobate patches with well-defined edges (nicknamed "pumpkin patches"), and (c) ejecta rays from fresh-looking impact craters. The location of the orange diffuse ejecta from Oppia corresponds to the olivine spot nicknamed "Leslie feature" first identified by Gaffey (Gaffey, M.J. [1997]. Icarus 127, 130-157) from ground-based spectral observations. The distribution of the orange material in the FC mosaic is concentrated on the equatorial region and almost exclusively outside the Rheasilvia basin. Our in-depth analysis of the composition of this material uses complementary observations from FC, the visible and infrared spectrometer (VIR), and the Gamma Ray and Neutron Detector (GRaND). Several possible options for the composition of the orange material are investigated including, cumulate eucrite layer exposed during impact, metal delivered by impactor, olivine-orthopyroxene mixture and impact melt. Based on our analysis, the orange material on Vesta is unlikely to be metal or olivine (originally proposed by Gaffey (Gaffey, KJ. [1997]. Icarus 127, 130-157)). Analysis of the elemental composition of Oppia ejecta blanket with GRaND suggests that its orange material has similar to 25% cumulate eucrite component in a howarditic mixture, whereas two other craters with orange material in their ejecta, Octavia and Arruntia, show no sign of cumulate eucrites. Morphology and topography of the orange material in Oppia and Octavia ejecta and orange patches suggests an impact melt origin. A majority of the orange patches appear to be related to the formation of the Rheasilvia basin. Combining the interpretations from the topography, geomorphology, color and spectral parameters, and elemental abundances, the most probable analog for the orange material on Vesta is impact melt. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Le Corre, Lucille; Reddy, Vishnu; O'Brien, David P.; Yamashita, Naoyuki; Prettyman, Thomas H.; Li, Jian-Yang; Palmer, Eric; Gaskell, Robert W.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Le Corre, Lucille; Reddy, Vishnu; Nathues, Andreas; Sierks, Holger] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
[Schmedemann, Nico; Kneisl, Thomas] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Geol Sci, D-12249 Berlin, Germany.
[Becker, Kris J.] USGS, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Peplowski, Patrick N.; Denevi, Brett W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Cloutis, Edward A.] Univ Winnipeg, Dept Geog, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada.
[Gaffey, Michael J.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Space Studies, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
[Mittlefehldt, David W.] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Astromat Res Off, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Garry, William B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Russell, Christopher T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Raymond, Carol A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[De Sanctis, Maria C.; Ammanito, Eleonora] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali, Rome, Italy.
RP Le Corre, L (reprint author), Planetary Sci Inst, 1700 East Ft Lowell,Suite 106, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM lecorre@psi.edu
RI Denevi, Brett/I-6502-2012; Garry, Brent/I-5920-2013; Peplowski,
Patrick/I-7254-2012;
OI Le Corre, Lucille/0000-0003-0349-7932; Denevi,
Brett/0000-0001-7837-6663; Peplowski, Patrick/0000-0001-7154-8143; De
Sanctis, Maria Cristina/0000-0002-3463-4437; Prettyman,
Thomas/0000-0003-0072-2831; Reddy, Vishnu/0000-0002-7743-3491
FU Dawn UCLA [2090-S-MB170]; NASA Dawn Participating Scientist Program
[NNH09ZDA001N-DAVPS]; NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics Grant
[NNX07AP73G]; Dawn at Vesta Participating Scientist Program
[NNX10AR21G]; German Space Agency (DLR) on behalf of the Federal
Ministry of Economics and Technology [50OW1101]; NASA Discovery Program;
Max Planck Society; German Space Agency, DLR; Italian Space Agency
FX The authors would like to thank the Dawn Flight Operations team for a
successful Dawn at Vesta mission. L.L. work is supported by Dawn UCLA
subcontract# 2090-S-MB170. V.R. work is supported by NASA Dawn
Participating Scientist Program Grant NNH09ZDA001N-DAVPS and NASA
Planetary Geology and Geophysics Grant NNX07AP73G. D.P.O. is supported
by Dawn at Vesta Participating Scientist Program Grant NNX10AR21G. NS
and TK work is supported by the German Space Agency (DLR) on behalf of
the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology, Grant 50OW1101. The
research utilizes spectra acquired with the NASA RELAB facility at Brown
University. The authors would like to thank Guneshwar S. Thangjam for
his help gathering laboratory spectral data from RELAB. E.A.C. thanks
CSA, CFI, MRIF and the University of Winnipeg for supporting HOSERLab.
The authors are grateful to Nicholas Moskovitz and Tom Burbine for their
suggestions to improve the manuscript. The Dawn mission is led by the
University of California, Los Angeles under the auspices of the NASA
Discovery Program. The Framing Camera project is financially supported
by the Max Planck Society and the German Space Agency, DLR. VIR is
funded by the Italian Space Agency and was developed under the
leadership of INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali,
Rome, Italy. GRaND is operated by the Planetary Science Institute.
NR 97
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 13
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2013
VL 226
IS 2
BP 1568
EP 1594
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.08.013
PG 27
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 239DX
UT WOS:000326003900028
ER
PT J
AU McDonald, L
Manly, B
Huettmann, F
Thogmartin, W
AF McDonald, Lyman
Manly, Bryan
Huettmann, Falk
Thogmartin, Wayne
TI Location-only and use-availability data: analysis methods converge
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE habitat selection; location-only data; resource selection; species
geographical distributions; used-available data
ID RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; HABITAT SELECTION;
NATURAL SELECTION; REGRESSION TREES; ECOLOGICAL-NICHE; PREDICTION;
ABSENCE; CLASSIFICATION; POPULATIONS
C1 [McDonald, Lyman; Manly, Bryan] Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
[Huettmann, Falk] Univ Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Thogmartin, Wayne] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, Onalaska, WI 54603 USA.
RP Manly, B (reprint author), Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
EM bmanly@west-inc.com
RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008
OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279
NR 56
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 78
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8790
EI 1365-2656
J9 J ANIM ECOL
JI J. Anim. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 82
IS 6
BP 1120
EP 1124
DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12145
PG 5
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 239PC
UT WOS:000326036800002
PM 24499378
ER
PT J
AU Hooten, MB
Hanks, EM
Johnson, DS
Alldredge, MW
AF Hooten, Mevin B.
Hanks, Ephraim M.
Johnson, Devin S.
Alldredge, Mat W.
TI Reconciling resource utilization and resource selection functions
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE kernel density estimation; space use; spatial statistics; utilization
distribution
ID MODELS; DISTRIBUTIONS; ABSENCE
AB 1. Analyses based on utilization distributions (UDs) have been ubiquitous in animal space use studies, largely because they are computationally straightforward and relatively easy to employ. Conventional applications of resource utilization functions (RUFs) suggest that estimates of UDs can be used as response variables in a regression involving spatial covariates of interest. It has been claimed that contemporary implementations of RUFs can yield inference about resource selection, although to our knowledge, an explicit connection has not been described. We explore the relationships between RUFs and resource selection functions from a hueristic and simulation perspective. We investigate several sources of potential bias in the estimation of resource selection coefficients using RUFs (e.g. the spatial covariance modelling that is often used in RUF analyses). Our findings illustrate that RUFs can, in fact, serve as approximations to RSFs and are capable of providing inference about resource selection, but only with some modification and under specific circumstances. Using real telemetry data as an example, we provide guidance on which methods for estimating resource selection may be more appropriate and in which situations. In general, if telemetry data are assumed to arise as a point process, then RSF methods may be preferable to RUFs; however, modified RUFs may provide less biased parameter estimates when the data are subject to location error.
C1 [Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol & Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hanks, Ephraim M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Johnson, Devin S.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
[Alldredge, Mat W.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Hooten, MB (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol & Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM Mevin.Hooten@colostate.edu
FU Colorado Parks and Wildlife [1201]
FX Funding for this project was provided by Colorado Parks and Wildlife
(#1201). The use of trade names or products does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 25
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 67
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8790
EI 1365-2656
J9 J ANIM ECOL
JI J. Anim. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 82
IS 6
BP 1146
EP 1154
DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12080
PG 9
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 239PC
UT WOS:000326036800005
PM 23574332
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, DS
Hooten, MB
Kuhn, CE
AF Johnson, Devin S.
Hooten, Mevin B.
Kuhn, Carey E.
TI Estimating animal resource selection from telemetry data using point
process models
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE animal telemetry; point process; resource selection; space-time;
weighted distribution
ID SEAL CALLORHINUS-URSINUS; HABITAT SELECTION; PRIBILOF ISLANDS; MOVEMENT;
PREFERENCE
AB 1. Analyses of animal resource selection functions (RSF) using data collected from relocations of individuals via remote telemetry devices have become commonplace. Increasing technological advances, however, have produced statistical challenges in analysing such highly autocorrelated data. Weighted distribution methods have been proposed for analysing RSFs with telemetry data. However, they can be computationally challenging due to an intractable normalizing constant and cannot be aggregated (i.e. collapsed) over time to make space-only inference. In this study, we take a conceptually different approach to modelling animal telemetry data for making RSF inference. We consider the telemetry data to be a realization of a space-time point process. Under the point process paradigm, the times of the relocations are also considered to be random rather than fixed. We show the point process models we propose are a generalization of the weighted distribution telemetry models. By generalizing the weighted model, we can access several numerical techniques for evaluating point process likelihoods that make use of common statistical software. Thus, the analysis methods can be readily implemented by animal ecologists. In addition to ease of computation, the point process models can be aggregated over time by marginalizing over the temporal component of the model. This allows a full range of models to be constructed for RSF analysis at the individual movement level up to the study area level. To demonstrate the analysis of telemetry data with the point process approach, we analysed a data set of telemetry locations from northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) in the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. Both a space-time and an aggregated space-only model were fitted. At the individual level, the space-time analysis showed little selection relative to the habitat covariates. However, at the study area level, the space-only model showed strong selection relative to the covariates.
C1 [Johnson, Devin S.; Kuhn, Carey E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Johnson, DS (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM devin.johnson@noaa.gov
NR 36
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 54
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8790
EI 1365-2656
J9 J ANIM ECOL
JI J. Anim. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 82
IS 6
BP 1155
EP 1164
DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12087
PG 10
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 239PC
UT WOS:000326036800006
PM 23800202
ER
PT J
AU Lake, BC
Bertram, MR
Guldager, N
Caikoski, JR
Stephenson, RO
AF Lake, Bryce C.
Bertram, Mark R.
Guldager, Nikki
Caikoski, Jason R.
Stephenson, Robert O.
TI Wolf Kill Rates Across Winter in a Low-Density Moose System in Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Alces alces; Canis lupus; global positioning system telemetry;
kill rate; monthly variation; moose; very high frequency telemetry; wolf
ID POPULATION-DYNAMICS; GRAY WOLVES; INTERIOR ALASKA; NATIONAL-PARK;
PREDATION; PREY; YUKON; MODELS; TELEMETRY; ECOLOGY
AB Wolf (Canis lupus) kill rates are fundamental to understanding predation, but are not well known at low moose (Alces alces) densities. We investigated kill rates of 6 wolf packs (2-10 wolves/pack) during 2 winters on the Yukon Flats, a region of eastern Interior Alaska where moose were the sole ungulate prey of wolves occurring at densities <0.2moose/km(2). Our objectives were to compare kill rates with those from areas of greater moose densities, and to determine potential trends in kill rates across the winter. We located moose killed by wolves in February-March 2009, and November 2009-March 2010 using aerial tracking techniques and global positioning system (GPS) location clusters. Wolves killed more moose in early than late winter ((MONTH)=-0.02 moose/pack/day, 95% CI=-0.01 to -0.04), and kill rate estimates (mean, 95% CI) were greatest in November (0.033moose/wolf/day, 0.011-0.055) and least in February (0.011, 0.002-0.02). Kill rates were similar between February and March 2009 (0.019moose/wolf/day, 0.01-0.03) and 2010 (0.018, 0.01-0.03). Prey composition was primarily adult females (39%) and young-of-the-year (35%). We attribute an elevated kill rate in early winter to predation on more vulnerable young-of-the-year. Kill rates in our study were similar to those from other studies where moose occurred at greater densities. We suggest that very few, if any, wolf-moose systems in Alaska and the Yukon experience a density-dependent phase in the functional response, and instead wolves respond numerically to changes in moose density or availability in the absence of alternative prey. Through a numerical response, wolf predation rates may approximate the annual growth potential of the moose population, contributing to persistent low densities of moose and wolves on the Yukon Flats. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Lake, Bryce C.; Bertram, Mark R.; Guldager, Nikki] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Yukon Flats Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Caikoski, Jason R.; Stephenson, Robert O.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
RP Lake, BC (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Yukon Flats Natl Wildlife Refuge, 101 12th Ave,Room 264, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
EM bryce_lake@fws.gov
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Alaska Department of Fish and
Game
FX Funding for this project was provided by the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service and Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Persons who
assisted with wolf capture and data collection included J. Akaran, S.
Dufford, R. Jess, and J. Rose. Wolf capture was made possible by the
aerial tracking skills of pilots D. Carlson, C. Gardner, M. Hinkes, M.
Webb, and P. Zaczkowski, and safe and superb helicopter piloting of T.
Cambier, M. Shelton, and R. Swisher. Aerial telemetry and aerial
location of clusters was by pilots D. Carlson, A. Greenblatt, M. Hinkes,
E. Mallek, C. Moore, and D. Sowards. The helicopter pilots of
Quicksilver Air facilitated collection of moose samples and wolf
radiocollars. Many observers and pilots contributed to moose surveys.
Lodging during wolf capture was provided by the Beaver Cruikshank School
and Beaver Village Council. K. Knopff and N. Webb answered questions,
and K. Knopff provided the clustering algorithm. S. Arthur provided
filtering code for GPS radiocollars. B. Taras provided the calculation
of standard error for moose density. C. Gardner assisted with study
design. S. Hart proofed data. We thank L. Adams and C. Gardner for
insightful discussions regarding wolf and moose ecology, and L. Adams,
C. Gardner, E. Merrill, E. Wald, and anonymous reviewers commented on
earlier drafts of the manuscript. Reference to any specific commercial
product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or
otherwise is for descriptive purposes only and does not necessarily
constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the
U.S. Government. The views and opinions of document authors do not
necessarily state or reflect those of the U.S. Government.
NR 73
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 7
U2 78
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 8
BP 1512
EP 1522
DI 10.1002/jwmg.603
PG 11
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 239GR
UT WOS:000326011100004
ER
PT J
AU Griffin, PC
Lubow, BC
Jenkins, KJ
Vales, DJ
Moeller, BJ
Reid, M
Happe, PJ
Mccorquodale, SM
Tirhi, MJ
Schaberl, JP
Beirne, K
AF Griffin, Paul C.
Lubow, Bruce C.
Jenkins, Kurt J.
Vales, David J.
Moeller, Barbara J.
Reid, Mason
Happe, Patricia J.
Mccorquodale, Scott M.
Tirhi, Michelle J.
Schaberl, Jim P.
Beirne, Katherine
TI A Hybrid Double-Observer Sightability Model for Aerial Surveys
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE aerial survey; Cervus elaphus; double-observer; elk; heterogeneity bias;
Mount Rainier; sightability model
ID VISIBILITY BIAS; CAPTURE EXPERIMENTS; HELICOPTER SURVEYS; DOUBLE-COUNTS;
ELK; ABUNDANCE; POPULATIONS; MARK; PROBABILITY; ESTIMATORS
AB Raw counts from aerial surveys make no correction for undetected animals and provide no estimate of precision with which to judge the utility of the counts. Sightability modeling and double-observer (DO) modeling are 2 commonly used approaches to account for detection bias and to estimate precision in aerial surveys. We developed a hybrid DO sightability model (model M-H) that uses the strength of each approach to overcome the weakness in the other, for aerial surveys of elk (Cervus elaphus). The hybrid approach uses detection patterns of 2 independent observer pairs in a helicopter and telemetry-based detections of collared elk groups. Candidate M-H models reflected hypotheses about effects of recorded covariates and unmodeled heterogeneity on the separate front-seat observer pair and back-seat observer pair detection probabilities. Group size and concealing vegetation cover strongly influenced detection probabilities. The pilot's previous experience participating in aerial surveys influenced detection by the front pair of observers if the elk group was on the pilot's side of the helicopter flight path. In 9 surveys in Mount Rainier National Park, the raw number of elk counted was approximately 80-93% of the abundance estimated by model M-H. Uncorrected ratios of bulls per 100 cows generally were low compared to estimates adjusted for detection bias, but ratios of calves per 100 cows were comparable whether based on raw survey counts or adjusted estimates. The hybrid method was an improvement over commonly used alternatives, with improved precision compared to sightability modeling and reduced bias compared to DO modeling. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Griffin, Paul C.; Jenkins, Kurt J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Port Angeles, WA 98362 USA.
[Lubow, Bruce C.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Vales, David J.] Muckleshoot Indian Tribe, Auburn, WA USA.
[Moeller, Barbara J.] Puyallup Tribe Indians, Puyallup, WA USA.
[Reid, Mason] Mt Rainier Natl Pk, Ashford, WA USA.
[Happe, Patricia J.] Olymp Natl Pk, Port Angeles, WA USA.
[Mccorquodale, Scott M.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Yakima, WA USA.
[Tirhi, Michelle J.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Lakewood, WA USA.
[Schaberl, Jim P.] Shenandoah Natl Pk, Luray, VA USA.
[Beirne, Katherine] Olymp Natl Pk, North Coast & Cascades Network Inventory & Monito, Port Angeles, WA USA.
RP Griffin, PC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 600 E Pk Ave, Port Angeles, WA 98362 USA.
EM pgriffin@usgs.gov
FU United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Park Monitoring Project;
NPS North Coast and Cascades Network; USGS Forest and Rangeland
Ecosystem Science Center; Mount Rainier National Park; Olympic National
Park; Washington's National Park Fund; Muckleshoot Indian Tribe (MIT);
Puyallup Tribe of Indians (PTOI); Washington Department of Fish and
Wildlife (WDFW)
FX This study was supported by the United States Geological Survey (USGS)
National Park Monitoring Project, the NPS North Coast and Cascades
Network, USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Mount
Rainier National Park, Olympic National Park, Washington's National Park
Fund, the Muckleshoot Indian Tribe (MIT), the Puyallup Tribe of Indians
(PTOI), and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW). We thank
R. Lechleitner, S. Lofgren, and A. Robb for aviation management; pilots
C. Cousins, J. Goodrich, J. Hagerman, R. Olmstead, and T. Walker;
biologists and technicians A. Hise, E. Meyers (NPS), P. Dillon (PTOI),
E. Anderson, T. Benson, M. Hilden, M. Middleton (MIT), A. Duff, E.
Holman, S. Jonker, A. Prince, and T. Schmidt (WDFW) for help in surveys,
P. Arnold for GIS assistance (PTOI); and J. Agee, P. Geissler, M. Huff,
and P. Latham for review of early manuscripts. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 51
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U1 2
U2 26
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 8
BP 1532
EP 1544
DI 10.1002/jwmg.612
PG 13
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 239GR
UT WOS:000326011100006
ER
PT J
AU Mccall, BS
Mitchell, MS
Schwartz, MK
Hayden, J
Cushman, SA
Zager, P
Kasworm, WF
AF Mccall, Barbara S.
Mitchell, Michael S.
Schwartz, Michael K.
Hayden, Jim
Cushman, Samuel A.
Zager, Pete
Kasworm, Wayne F.
TI Combined Use of Mark-Recapture and Genetic Analyses Reveals Response of
a Black Bear Population to Changes in Food Productivity
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE black bear; genetic structure; Idaho; mark-recapture; noninvasive
sampling; population genetics; Wahlund effect
ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; MICROSATELLITE ANALYSIS; GRIZZLY BEARS;
NATIONAL-PARK; BROWN BEARS; CAPTURE; INFERENCE; SURVIVAL; DISPERSAL;
CONSERVATION
AB We used mark-recapture analysis to investigate the dynamics of a black bear (Ursus americanus) population in northern Idaho where food availability varies seasonally and annually. We conducted noninvasive genetic sampling (NGS) during 2003-2006 in the Purcell Mountains of Idaho to collect black bear DNA samples for individual identification of bears. We used a combination of both mark-recapture and genetic analyses to evaluate whether variation in vital rates and genetic substructure was a function of changing food productivity in the study area. We found a heterozygote deficiency and detected genetic substructure within a single year, suggesting we sampled multiple subpopulations (a Wahlund effect). Our mark-recapture analyses suggested this pattern was in response to interannual variation in summer berry abundance. This project demonstrated the potential pitfalls of interpreting mark-recapture data over short time periods without ancillary data that can be used to evaluate mechanisms of population change. We found NGS provided information not only for traditional mark-recapture analysis but also complimentary insights into demography gained through genetic analyses. Combining mark-recapture estimates with analyses of population genetics provides a more complete understanding of population dynamics than either method alone, thus improving ecological inferences and effective management. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Mccall, Barbara S.] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Mitchell, Michael S.] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Hayden, Jim] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA.
[Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Zager, Pete] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Lewiston, ID 83501 USA.
[Kasworm, Wayne F.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Libby, MT 59923 USA.
RP Mccall, BS (reprint author), Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Nat Sci Bldg Room 205, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM mike.mitchell@umontana.edu
RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014
OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367
FU Idaho Department of Fish and Game
FX We thank the Idaho Department of Fish and Game for financial and
logistical support of this project, as well as the many people who
helped deploy and check hair-trapping stations used in this study. We
also thank personnel from the Wildlife Genetics Laboratory at the United
States Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station for their
meticulous and thorough work on the genetic analyses. We are
particularly grateful for helpful and thought-provoking reviews of this
work by F. Allendorf, R. Waples, J. Boulanger, and 2 anonymous
reviewers. Use of trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 77
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U1 1
U2 51
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 8
BP 1572
EP 1582
DI 10.1002/jwmg.617
PG 11
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 239GR
UT WOS:000326011100010
ER
PT J
AU Blomberg, EJ
Sedinger, JS
Nonne, DV
Atamian, MT
AF Blomberg, Erik J.
Sedinger, James S.
Nonne, Daniel V.
Atamian, Michael T.
TI Annual Male Lek Attendance Influences Count-Based Population Indices of
Greater Sage-Grouse
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE annual lek attendance; capture-mark-recapture; Centrocercus
urophasianus; detection probability; index; lek counts; population
growth; temporary emigration
ID TEMPORARY EMIGRATION; BREEDING PROBABILITY; BLACK BRANT; SURVIVAL;
RECAPTURE; CAPTURE; DENSITY; DESIGN; REPRODUCTION; DYNAMICS
AB Populations of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) are monitored using counts of males displaying on breeding leks (lek counts). When count-based indices are used to assess population growth (), an implicit assumption is that detection is constant through time and space. If detection depends on breeding behavior, annual variation in the proportion of individuals that attend a breeding site may lead to a violation of this assumption. We used 8 years of banding data from male sage-grouse in eastern Nevada and capture-mark-recapture analyses to evaluate how temporary absence of males from lek sites during a given year may influence estimates of population trends derived from lek counts. We estimated the proportion of variance in annual lek count trends that corresponded with an independent estimate of , versus variance associated with temporary absence. The probability a male sage-grouse attended 1 of our study leks at least once in a given year ranged from a low of 0.56 (+/- 0.22 SE) to a high of 0.87 (+/- 0.11 SE). Variance in annual lek count trends was associated with both realized (semipartial R-2=0.57), and sampling error associated with temporary absence (semipartial R-2=0.40). We found discrepancies between lek count and realized in 3 out of 7 intervals, whereas estimates of for the entire study interval were extremely similar between count-based and capture-mark-recapture methods (=0.90 +/- 0.05 SE and =0.91 +/- 0.05 SE, respectively). Temporary absence was influenced by male density during the previous year and associated with exotic grasslands surrounding leks, although some uncertainty was associated with this latter effect. Lek counts are well suited for estimating across multi-year intervals, whereas annual estimates of should be viewed cautiously if variation in annual lek attendance is not directly incorporated. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Blomberg, Erik J.; Nonne, Daniel V.] Univ Nevada, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Sedinger, James S.; Atamian, Michael T.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Blomberg, EJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 6924 Tremont Rd, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
EM ejblomberg@gmail.com
FU University of Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station; Nevada Department
of Wildlife; United States Bureau of Land Management; National Fish and
Wildlife Foundation; NV Energy Corp.
FX We thank numerous technicians for countless hours spent in the field. E.
Leger, K. Stewart, P. Weisberg, C. Hagen, P. Coates, and the EECB peer
review group at the University of Nevada, Reno, provided comments that
greatly improved the manuscript. This work was supported by the
University of Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station, the Nevada
Department of Wildlife, the United States Bureau of Land Management, the
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, and NV Energy Corp.
NR 55
TC 15
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U1 2
U2 34
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 8
BP 1583
EP 1592
DI 10.1002/jwmg.615
PG 10
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 239GR
UT WOS:000326011100011
ER
PT J
AU Coates, PS
Casazza, ML
Blomberg, EJ
Gardner, SC
Espinosa, SP
Yee, JL
Wiechman, L
Halstead, BJ
AF Coates, Peter S.
Casazza, Michael L.
Blomberg, Erik J.
Gardner, Scott C.
Espinosa, Shawn P.
Yee, Julie L.
Wiechman, Lief
Halstead, Brian J.
TI Evaluating Greater Sage-Grouse Seasonal Space Use Relative to Leks:
Implications for Surface Use Designations in Sagebrush Ecosystems
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE anthropogenic structures; Centrocercus urophasianus; energy development;
no surface occupancy; sage-grouse; space use; surface use; utilization
distribution
ID SQUARES CROSS-VALIDATION; HOME-RANGE; ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; MULTISCALE
ASSESSMENT; POPULATIONS; HABITAT; SELECTION; PREDATORS
AB The development of anthropogenic structures, especially those related to energy resources, in sagebrush ecosystems is an important concern among developers, conservationists, and land managers in relation to greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse) populations. Sage-grouse are dependent on sagebrush ecosystems to meet their seasonal life-phase requirements, and research indicates that anthropogenic structures can adversely affect sage-grouse populations. Land management agencies have attempted to reduce the negative effects of anthropogenic development by assigning surface use (SU) designations, such as no surface occupancy, to areas around leks (breeding grounds). However, rationale for the size of these areas is often challenged. To help inform this issue, we used a spatial analysis of sage-grouse utilization distributions (UDs) to quantify seasonal (spring, summer and fall, winter) sage-grouse space use in relation to leks. We sampled UDs from 193 sage-grouse (11,878 telemetry locations) across 4 subpopulations within the Bi-State Distinct Population Segment (DPS, bordering California and Nevada) during 2003-2009. We quantified the volume of each UD (vUD) within a range of areas that varied in size and were centered on leks, up to a distance of 30km from leks. We also quantified the percentage of nests within those areas. We then estimated the diminishing gains of vUD as area increased and produced continuous response curves that allow for flexibility in land management decisions. We found nearly 90% of the total vUD (all seasons combined) was contained within 5km of leks, and we identified variation in vUD for a given distance related to season and migratory status. Five kilometers also represented the 95th percentile of the distribution of nesting distances. Because diminishing gains of vUD was not substantial until distances exceeded 8km, managers should consider the theoretical optimal distances for SU designation between 5.0km and 7.5km, depending on migratory status. Although these results represent space use for sage-grouse within the Bi-State DPS, our results likely have broad relevance to other areas with similar landscape characteristics and patterns of space use. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Coates, Peter S.; Casazza, Michael L.; Blomberg, Erik J.; Halstead, Brian J.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
[Gardner, Scott C.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[Espinosa, Shawn P.] Nevada Dept Wildlife, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Yee, Julie L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Wiechman, Lief] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources & Stat, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Coates, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
EM pcoates@usgs.gov
OI casazza, Mike/0000-0002-5636-735X
FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife; U. S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; U. S. Forest Service; Bureau of Land Management
FX We thank J. Sedinger, E. Kolada, and M. Farinha, with the University of
Nevada, Reno, and K. Reese with the University of Idaho for data
contributions. We express gratitude to R. Lugo, B. Gustafson, B.
Brussee, P. Gore, T. Kimball, P. Ziegler, and D. Smith for the support
with data processing, analysis, and logistical support. We appreciate
the work of field technicians B. Sedinger, C. Binchcus, R. Spaulding, J.
Felland, R. Montano, K. Nelson, B. Barbaree, K. Gagnon, S. Alofsin, and
T. Skousen for field assistance. We thank T. Taylor, S. Nelson, S.
Abele, D. Blankenship, D. Racine, and the California Department of Fish
and Wildlife, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U. S. Forest Service, and
Bureau of Land Management for support. We also thank D. House and the
Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. The Mono Lake Committee
helped provide housing for field crews. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 68
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U1 2
U2 49
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 8
BP 1598
EP 1609
DI 10.1002/jwmg.618
PG 12
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 239GR
UT WOS:000326011100013
ER
PT J
AU Cook, RC
Cook, JG
Vales, DJ
Johnson, BK
Mccorquodale, SM
Shipley, LA
Riggs, RA
Irwin, LL
Murphie, SL
Murphie, BL
Schoenecker, KA
Geyer, F
Hall, PB
Spencer, RD
Immell, DA
Jackson, DH
Tiller, BL
Miller, PJ
Schmitz, L
AF Cook, Rachel C.
Cook, John G.
Vales, David J.
Johnson, Bruce K.
Mccorquodale, Scott M.
Shipley, Lisa A.
Riggs, Robert A.
Irwin, Larry L.
Murphie, Shannon L.
Murphie, Bryan L.
Schoenecker, Kathryn A.
Geyer, Frank
Hall, P. Briggs
Spencer, Rocky D.
Immell, Dave A.
Jackson, Dewaine H.
Tiller, Brett L.
Miller, Patrick J.
Schmitz, Lowell
TI Regional and Seasonal Patterns of Nutritional Condition and Reproduction
in Elk
SO WILDLIFE MONOGRAPHS
LA English
DT Review
DE body condition scoring; body fat; Cervus elaphus; elk; nutritional
condition; nutritional limitations; pregnancy; productivity;
reproduction; rump fat; summer convergence hypothesis; ultrasonography;
winter
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; MOOSE ALCES-ALCES; CARIBOU RANGIFER-TARANDUS;
YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; STAGS CERVUS-ELAPHUS; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS;
ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ELK; NORTH-AMERICAN ELK; RED DEER; MULE DEER
AB Demographic data show many populations of Rocky Mountain (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) and Roosevelt (Cervus elaphus roosevelti) elk have been declining over the last few decades. Recent work suggests that forage quality and associated animal nutritional condition, particularly in late summer and early autumn, influence reproduction and survival in elk. Therefore, we estimated seasonal nutritional condition of 861 female elk in 2,114 capture events from 21 herds in Washington, Oregon, Wyoming, Colorado, and South Dakota from 1998 to 2007. We estimated ingesta-free body fat and body mass, and determined age, pregnancy status, and lactation status. We obtained estimates for most herds in both late winter-early spring (late Feb-early Apr) and in autumn (Nov-early Dec) to identify changes in nutritional condition of individuals across seasons. Body fat levels of lactating females in autumn were consistently lower than their non-lactating counterparts, and herd averages of lactating elk ranged from 5.5% to 12.4%. These levels were 30-75% of those documented for captive lactating elk fed high-quality diets during summer and autumn. Body fat levels were generally lowest in the coastal and inland northwest regions and highest along the west-slope of the northern Cascades. Adult females in most herds lost an average of 30.7kg (range: 5-62kg), or about 13% (range: 2.6-25%) of their autumn mass during winter, indicating nutritional deficiencies. However, we found no significant relationships between spring body fat or change in body fat over winter with winter weather, region, or herd, despite markedly different winter weather among herds and regions. Instead, body fat levels in spring were primarily a function of fat levels the previous autumn. Thinner females in autumn lost less body fat and body mass over winter than did fatter females, a compensatory response, but still ended the season with less body fat than the fatter elk. Body fat levels of lactating females in autumn varied among herds but were unrelated to their body fat levels the previous spring. Within herds, thinner females exhibited a compensatory response during summer and accrued more fat than their fatter counterparts over summer, resulting in similar body fat levels among lactating elk in autumn despite considerable differences in their fat levels the previous spring. Level of body fat achieved by lactating females in autumn varied 2-fold among herds, undoubtedly because of differences in summer nutrition. Thus, summer nutrition set limits to rates of body fat accrual of lactating females that in turn limited body condition across the annual cycle. Pregnancy rates of 2- to 14-year-old females ranged from 68% to 100% in coastal populations of Washington, 69% to 98% in Cascade populations of Washington and Oregon, 84% to 94% in inland northwestern populations of Washington and Oregon, and 78% to 93% in Rocky Mountain populations. We found evidence of late breeding, even in herds with comparatively high pregnancy rates. Mean body mass of calves (n=242) in 3 populations was 75kg, 81kg, and 97kg, representing 55-70% of potential mass for 6- to 8-month-old calves on high-quality diets. Mean mass of 11 yearling females caught in autumn was 162kg, approximately 70% of potential for autumn, and pregnancy rate was 27%. Mean mass of 28 yearlings caught in spring was 163kg and pregnancy rate was 34%. Our data suggest widespread occurrence of inadequate summer nutrition.
Summer ranges of just 3 herds supported relatively high levels of autumn body fat (11-13% body fat) and pregnancy rates (>90%) even among females that successfully raised a calf year after year. Most other summer ranges supported relatively low autumn levels of body fat (5-9% body fat), and reproductive pauses were common (<80% pregnancy rates). Overall, our data failed to support 2 common assumptions: 1) summer and early autumn foraging conditions are typically satisfactory to prevent nutritional limitations to adult fat accretion, pregnancy rates, and calf and yearling growth; and 2) winter nutrition and winter weather are the principal limiting effects on elk productivity. Instead, a strong interaction existed among level of summer nutrition, lactation status, and probability of breeding that was little affected by winter conditionsadequacy of summer nutrition dictated reproductive performance of female elk and growth as well as growth and development of their offspring in the Northwest and Rocky Mountains. Our work signals the need for greater emphasis on summer habitats in land management planning on behalf of elk. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Cook, Rachel C.; Cook, John G.] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
[Vales, David J.] Muckleshoot Indian Tribe, Auburn, WA 98092 USA.
[Johnson, Bruce K.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
[Mccorquodale, Scott M.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Yakima, WA 98902 USA.
[Shipley, Lisa A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Irwin, Larry L.] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement, Stevensville, MT 59870 USA.
[Murphie, Shannon L.; Murphie, Bryan L.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Montesano, WA 98563 USA.
[Schoenecker, Kathryn A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Geyer, Frank] Quileute Indian Tribe, Lapush, WA 98350 USA.
[Hall, P. Briggs] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Carnation, WA 98014 USA.
[Spencer, Rocky D.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, North Bend, WA 98045 USA.
[Immell, Dave A.; Jackson, Dewaine H.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Roseburg, OR 97470 USA.
[Tiller, Brett L.] Environm Assessment Serv LLC, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Miller, Patrick J.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Vancouver, WA 98661 USA.
[Schmitz, Lowell] South Dakota Game Fish & Pk, Wildlife Div, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA.
RP Cook, RC (reprint author), Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement, 1401 Gekeler Lane, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
EM rachierae@gmail.com
FU National Council of Air and Stream Improvement
FX We greatly appreciate the contributions of many organizations that have
supported the wild elk capture operations. We also wish to acknowledge
J. Hagerman (Northwest Helicopter) and R. Swisher (Quicksilver Air)
whose superb piloting skills made this work possible. We thank T. Toman,
B. Richardson, D. Wiley, and B. Bastion of Rocky Mountain Elk
Foundation; B. Anderson (retired), E. Arnett, R. Heninger, and T.
Melchiors of the Weyerhaeuser Company; L. Hicks of Plum Creek Timber; D.
Varland of Rayonier Timberlands; and D. S. Rock of the National Council
for Air and Stream Improvement; A. Stringer and K. Cattoms of the
Campbell Group; P. Coe, D. Irish, J. Noyes, P. Matthews, and B. Castillo
of Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife; Duane Bernard and G. Netzer
of Safari Club; B. Alverts (retired), T. Johnson, and G. Buckner (now
with Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife) of the Bureau of Land
Management; M. Davison, W. Michaelis, J. Nelson, G. Schirato, J. Smith
(retired) of Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; M. Middleton,
M. Calvert, and the Wildlife Committee of the Muckleshoot Indian Tribe;
J. Ward Thomas of the Boone and Crockett Club; G. Plumb of Yellowstone
National Park; L. D. Mech of the U. S. Geological Survey; C. Madson of
the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission; L. Thompson then of Crown
Pacific; T. Wilbur of Swinomish Tribal Community; D. Freddy of Colorado
Division of Wildlife; and many others who helped handle elk. We also
thank I. Lama of National Council of Air and Stream Improvement and L.
Veilleux, Environmental Consultant, for providing the Spanish and French
translations of the abstract. Finally, we thank E. Hellgren, T.
Stephenson, and J. Huot for providing helpful reviews.
NR 252
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U1 7
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0084-0173
EI 1938-5455
J9 WILDLIFE MONOGR
JI Wildl. Monogr.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 184
IS 1
DI 10.1002/wmon.1008
PG 46
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 243QN
UT WOS:000326332000001
ER
PT J
AU Kolker, A
Engle, MA
Peucker-Ehrenbrink, B
Geboy, NJ
Krabbenhoft, DP
Bothner, MH
Tate, MT
AF Kolker, Allan
Engle, Mark A.
Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard
Geboy, Nicholas J.
Krabbenhoft, David P.
Bothner, Michael H.
Tate, Michael T.
TI Atmospheric mercury and fine particulate matter in coastal New England:
Implications for mercury and trace element sources in the northeastern
United States
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Trace elements; PM2.5; Mercury speciation; Source attribution; Saharan
dust; Transport of pollutants; Woods Hole; Cape Cod; Massachusetts;
Coastal New England
ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; INLAND SITES; SPECIATED MERCURY; AFRICAN
DUST; US; VARIABILITY; DEPOSITION; TRANSPORT; ATLANTIC; MARINE
AB Intensive sampling of ambient atmospheric fine particulate matter was conducted at Woods Hole, Massachusetts over a four-month period from 3 April to 29 July, 2008, in conjunction with year-long deployment of the USGS Mobile Mercury Lab. Results were obtained for trace elements in fine particulate matter concurrently with determination of ambient atmospheric mercury speciation and concentrations of ancillary gasses (SO2, NOx, and O-3). For particulate matter, trace element enrichment factors greater than 10 relative to crustal background values were found for As, Bi, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, Sb, V. and Zn, indicating contribution of these elements by anthropogenic sources. For other elements, enrichments are consistent with natural marine (Na, Ca, Mg, Sr) or crustal (Ba, Ce, Co, Cs, Fe, Ga, La, Rb, Sc, Th, Ti, U, Y) sources, respectively. Positive matrix factorization was used together with concentration weighted air-mass back trajectories to better define element sources and their locations. Our analysis, based on events exhibiting the 10% highest PM2.5 contributions for each source category, identifies coal-fired power stations concentrated in the U.S. Ohio Valley, metal smelting in eastern Canada, and marine and crustal sources showing surprisingly similar back trajectories, at times each sampling Atlantic coastal airsheds. This pattern is consistent with contribution of Saharan dust by a summer maximum at the latitude of Florida and northward transport up the Atlantic Coast by clockwise circulation of the summer Bermuda High. Results for mercury speciation show diurnal production of RGM by photochemical oxidation of Hg degrees in a marine environment, and periodic traverse of the study area by correlated RGM-SO2(NOx) plumes, indicative of coal combustion sources. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Kolker, Allan; Engle, Mark A.; Geboy, Nicholas J.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Energy Resources Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Krabbenhoft, David P.; Tate, Michael T.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI USA.
[Bothner, Michael H.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Kolker, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Energy Resources Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM akolker@usgs.gov
OI Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard/0000-0002-3819-992X; Engle,
Mark/0000-0001-5258-7374
FU USGS; National Science Foundation
FX We acknowledge support of the USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program,
the USGS Energy Resources Program, the National Science Foundation Small
Grants for Exploratory Research Program, and for initial support, the
USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral Program. We thank Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution for providing logistical support for the USGS Mobile Mercury
Lab at the Quissett Campus site. Michael Casso (USGS Woods Hole Science
Center) and Mark Olson (USGS Wisconsin Water Science Center) assisted in
operation of the Mobile Lab. Paul Lamothe (USGS Central Mineral and
Environmental Resources Science Center) provided sample analyses.
NR 39
TC 12
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U1 5
U2 48
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 79
BP 760
EP 768
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.07.031
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 236YF
UT WOS:000325834700084
ER
PT J
AU Kamenov, GD
Melchiorre, EB
Ricker, FN
DeWitt, E
AF Kamenov, George D.
Melchiorre, Erik B.
Ricker, Faye N.
DeWitt, Ed
TI Insights from Pb Isotopes for Native Gold Formation During Hypogene and
Supergene Processes at Rich Hill, Arizona
SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN GREAT-BASIN; PLACER-GOLD; FILAMENTOUS CYANOBACTERIA; KLONDIKE
DISTRICT; YUKON-TERRITORY; LODE GOLD; IN-VITRO; DEPOSITS; CANADA;
GOLD(I)-THIOSULFATE
AB The origin of gold nuggets in placers is enigmatic as they can be mechanically separated from the primary vein deposit or can be of secondary origin, formed in the placer environment. Pb isotopes can be a valuable tracer as a match in the isotopic ratios between vein and placer gold will indicate that the placer nuggets are simply mechanically separated from the hydrothermal vein and unmodified by weathering.
Reconnaissance elemental analyses revealed that vein and placer gold from the Rich Hill district, Arizona, contain up to thousands of ppm Pb and therefore both are suitable for Pb isotope analyses. We measured Pb isotopes in placer gold nuggets and compare the results to primary vein gold and sulfides and also gangue minerals and host rocks in the Rich Hill area. Primary vein gold and galena show similar Pb isotope ratios with Pb-206/Pb-204 ranging from 18.364 to 18.486, Pb-207/Pb-204 from 15.574 to 15.593, and Pb-208/Pb-204 from 37.150 to 37.359. This indicates that the ore metals were derived from a similar source during a hypogene hydrothermal event in the geologic past. Present-day Pb isotope compositions of local rocks in the area show distinct values compared to the primary vein mineralization. Age-corrected and modeled Pb isotope compositions for local magmatic rocks do not provide a clear picture for a possible hydrothermal ore metal source due to possible alteration processes and the long time elapsed since the mineralization event. The distinct present-day Pb isotopes in local lithological units, however, provide an excellent tracer for deciphering the origin of the placer gold.
All the placer gold nuggets show very distinct Pb isotope compositions when compared to their respective hydrothermal vein source represented by the vein gold and galena. The placer gold Pb isotopes show very wide variations, with Pb-206/Pb-204 ranging from 17.985 to 20.057, 207Pb/Pb-204 from 15.494 to 15.749, and Pb-208/Pb-204 from 36.863 to 38.606. The placer nuggets follow the present-day Pb isotope trend observed in rocks and sediments in the area. In addition, the Pb isotopes in majority of the placer gold nuggets are far more radiogenic compared to the vein gold, sulfides, and even gangue minerals. This is indicating that a significant part, if not all, of the Pb in the placer gold was relatively recently acquired from the placer sediments. The observed distinct Pb isotope compositions between primary and placer samples suggest that gold undergoes significant chemical changes during the supergene stage. Considering a number of possible scenarios, the most plausible explanation for the observed present-day Pb isotope similarity between placer gold and local rocks is formation of a significant part of the total mass of these nuggets within the placer environment.
C1 [Kamenov, George D.; Ricker, Faye N.] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Melchiorre, Erik B.] Calif State Univ San Bernardino, Dept Geol Sci, San Bernardino, CA 92407 USA.
[DeWitt, Ed] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Cent Mineral & Environm Resources Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Kamenov, GD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM kamenov@ufl.edu
OI Kamenov, George/0000-0002-6041-6687
FU American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund; National Science
Foundation [EAR-0941106]
FX We thank the many claim owners of the Rich Hill district who made this
study possible through the generous access to their properties. We
especially thank Jeff Yahn and Rob Allison for access to the claims in
the Devils Nest area. Many thanks to Jim Saunders for numerous
discussions on gold formation during hypogene and supergene processes.
We are indebted to Dante Lauretta and Alex Andronikov at the University
of Arizona for the ICP-MS analyses. We thank Jim Mortensen, Robert
Hough, and associate editor Sarah Gleeson for their constructive
comments that greatly improved the manuscript. The authors thank the
donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for
partial support of the secondary mineralogy work, through a Type B
research grant. Instrumentation was provided and supported by National
Science Foundation EAR-0941106 (SEM/EDS upgrade).
NR 37
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 14
PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC
PI LITTLETON
PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA
SN 0361-0128
EI 1554-0774
J9 ECON GEOL
JI Econ. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 108
IS 7
BP 1577
EP 1589
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 236YX
UT WOS:000325836500003
ER
PT J
AU Hofstra, AH
Todorov, TI
Mercer, CN
Adams, DT
Marsh, EE
AF Hofstra, A. H.
Todorov, T. I.
Mercer, C. N.
Adams, D. T.
Marsh, E. E.
TI Silicate Melt Inclusion Evidence for Extreme Pre-eruptive Enrichment and
Post-eruptive Depletion of Lithium in Silicic Volcanic Rocks of the
Western United States: Implications for the Origin of Lithium-Rich
Brines
SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TAYLOR CREEK RHYOLITE; TOPAZ RHYOLITES; BISHOP TUFF; NEW-MEXICO;
LITHOPHILE ELEMENTS; MAGMA; EVOLUTION; UTAH; PHENOCRYSTS; DIFFUSION
AB To evaluate whether anatectic and/or highly fractionated lithophile element-enriched rhyolite tuffs deposited in arid lacustrine basins lose enough lithium during eruption, lithification, and weathering to generate significant Li brine resources, pre-eruptive melt compositions, preserved in inclusions, and the magnitude of post-eruptive Li depletions, evident in host rhyolites, were documented at six sites in the western United States. Each rhyolite is a member of the bimodal basalt-rhyolite assemblage associated with extensional tectonics that produced the Basin and Range province and Rio Grande rift, an evolving pattern of closed drainage basins, and geothermal energy or mineral resources.
Results from the 0.8 Ma Bishop tuff (geothermal) in California, 1.3 to 1.6 Ma Cerro Toledo and Upper Bandelier tephra (geothermal) and 27.9 Ma Taylor Creek rhyolite (Sn) in New Mexico, 21.7 Ma Spor Mountain tuff (Be, U, F) and 24.6 Ma Pine Grove tuff (Mo) in Utah, and 27.6 Ma Hideaway Park tuff (Mo) in Colorado support the following conclusions. Melt inclusions in quartz phenocrysts from rhyolite tuffs associated with hydrothermal deposits of Sn, Mo, and Be are extremely enriched in Li (1,000s of ppm); those from Spor Mountain have the highest Li abundance yet recorded (max 5,200 ppm, median 3,750 ppm). Forty-five to 98% of the Li present in pre-eruptive magma was lost to the environment from these rhyolite tuffs. The amount of Li lost from the small volumes (1-10 km(3)) of Li-enriched rhyolite deposited in closed basins is sufficient to produce world-class Li brine resources. After each eruption, meteoric water leaches Li from tuff, which drains into playas, where it is concentrated by evaporation. The localized occurrence of Li-enriched rhyolites may explain why brines in arid lacustrine basins seldom have economic concentrations of Li.
Considering that hydrothermal deposits of Sn, Mo, Be, U, and F may indicate potential for Li brines in nearby basins, we surmise that the world's largest Li brine resource in the Salar de Uyuni (10 Mt) received Li from nearby rhyolite tuffs in the Bolivian tin belt.
C1 [Hofstra, A. H.; Todorov, T. I.; Mercer, C. N.; Adams, D. T.; Marsh, E. E.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80227 USA.
RP Hofstra, AH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS-973,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80227 USA.
EM ahofstra@usgs.gov
NR 61
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 21
PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC
PI LITTLETON
PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA
SN 0361-0128
EI 1554-0774
J9 ECON GEOL
JI Econ. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 108
IS 7
BP 1691
EP 1701
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 236YX
UT WOS:000325836500008
ER
PT J
AU Duncan, SM
Voss, CI
AF Duncan, Sue M.
Voss, Clifford I.
TI Editors' Message: Eminent hydrogeologists profiled in 20 years of
Hydrogeology Journal (1992-2012)
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Profiles (of eminent hydrogeologists); History of hydrogeology;
Hydrogeology Journal
ID INTERVIEW; DARCY,HENRY; DARCY; USA
C1 [Duncan, Sue M.] Int Assoc Hydrogeologists, Reading RG8 6BJ, Berks, England.
[Voss, Clifford I.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Duncan, SM (reprint author), Int Assoc Hydrogeologists, POB 4130, Reading RG8 6BJ, Berks, England.
EM sduncan@iah.org; cvoss@usgs.gov
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
EI 1435-0157
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 7
BP 1385
EP 1388
DI 10.1007/s10040-013-1009-9
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 236NI
UT WOS:000325803900001
ER
PT J
AU Saller, SP
Ronayne, MJ
Long, AJ
AF Saller, Stephen P.
Ronayne, Michael J.
Long, Andrew J.
TI Comparison of a karst groundwater model with and without discrete
conduit flow
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Karst; Numerical modeling; Pipe flow; Conduit-matrix interaction; USA
ID FLORIDAN AQUIFER; MATRIX; EXCHANGE; MODFLOW-2005; NETWORKS; USA
AB Karst aquifers exhibit a dual flow system characterized by interacting conduit and matrix domains. This study evaluated the coupled continuum pipe-flow framework for modeling karst groundwater flow in the Madison aquifer of western South Dakota (USA). Coupled conduit and matrix flow was simulated within a regional finite-difference model over a 10-year transient period. An existing equivalent porous medium (EPM) model was modified to include major conduit networks whose locations were constrained by dye-tracing data and environmental tracer analysis. Model calibration data included measured hydraulic heads at observation wells and estimates of discharge at four karst springs. Relative to the EPM model, the match to observation well hydraulic heads was substantially improved with the addition of conduits. The inclusion of conduit flow allowed for a simpler hydraulic conductivity distribution in the matrix continuum. Two of the high-conductivity zones in the EPM model, which were required to indirectly simulate the effects of conduits, were eliminated from the new model. This work demonstrates the utility of the coupled continuum pipe-flow method and illustrates how karst aquifer model parameterization is dependent on the physical processes that are simulated.
C1 [Saller, Stephen P.; Ronayne, Michael J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Long, Andrew J.] US Geol Survey, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA.
RP Ronayne, MJ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM Michael.Ronayne@colostate.edu
RI Long, Andrew/A-9204-2008
OI Long, Andrew/0000-0001-7385-8081
FU University Consortium for Field-Focused Groundwater Contamination
Research
FX This work was partially funded by a grant from the University Consortium
for Field-Focused Groundwater Contamination Research. We thank Barclay
Shoemaker at the US Geological Survey and two anonymous reviewers for
helpful suggestions.
NR 44
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 41
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
EI 1435-0157
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 7
BP 1555
EP 1566
DI 10.1007/s10040-013-1036-6
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 236NI
UT WOS:000325803900013
ER
PT J
AU Blazewicz, SJ
Barnard, RL
Daly, RA
Firestone, MK
AF Blazewicz, Steven J.
Barnard, Romain L.
Daly, Rebecca A.
Firestone, Mary K.
TI Evaluating rRNA as an indicator of microbial activity in environmental
communities: limitations and uses
SO ISME JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE community rRNA; microbial activity; microbial growth; ribosomes;
environmental samples; ecosystem processes
ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GROWTH-RATE; RIBONUCLEIC ACID;
NUCLEIC-ACID; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES;
GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; METABOLIC-ACTIVITY; MARINE VIBRIO
AB Microbes exist in a range of metabolic states (for example, dormant, active and growing) and analysis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is frequently employed to identify the 'active' fraction of microbes in environmental samples. While rRNA analyses are no longer commonly used to quantify a population's growth rate in mixed communities, due to rRNA concentration not scaling linearly with growth rate uniformly across taxa, rRNA analyses are still frequently used toward the more conservative goal of identifying populations that are currently active in a mixed community. Yet, evidence indicates that the general use of rRNA as a reliable indicator of metabolic state in microbial assemblages has serious limitations. This report highlights the complex and often contradictory relationships between rRNA, growth and activity. Potential mechanisms for confounding rRNA patterns are discussed, including differences in life histories, life strategies and non-growth activities. Ways in which rRNA data can be used for useful characterization of microbial assemblages are presented, along with questions to be addressed in future studies.
C1 [Blazewicz, Steven J.; Barnard, Romain L.; Firestone, Mary K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Daly, Rebecca A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Daly, Rebecca A.; Firestone, Mary K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Dept Ecol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Blazewicz, SJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 962, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM sjblazewicz@usgs.gov
RI Barnard, Romain/G-8190-2011
FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship; European
Community [PIOF-GA-2008-219357]; DOE Genomic Science Program grant [FOA
DE-PS02-09ER09-25, 0016377]
FX We thank Jim Prosser, Josh Schimel, Eoin Brodie and Laurent Philippot
for constructive comments. SJB was supported by a National Science
Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. RLB was funded by the European
Community's Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement
PIOF-GA-2008-219357. DOE Genomic Science Program grant (FOA
DE-PS02-09ER09-25 award #0016377) to MKF.
NR 76
TC 135
Z9 136
U1 18
U2 138
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1751-7362
EI 1751-7370
J9 ISME J
JI ISME J.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 11
BP 2061
EP 2068
DI 10.1038/ismej.2013.102
PG 8
WC Ecology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology
GA 240JD
UT WOS:000326090800001
PM 23823491
ER
PT J
AU Davies, TJ
Wolkovich, EM
Kraft, NJB
Salamin, N
Allen, JM
Ault, TR
Betancourt, JL
Bolmgren, K
Cleland, EE
Cook, BI
Crimmins, TM
Mazer, SJ
McCabe, GJ
Pau, S
Regetz, J
Schwartz, MD
Travers, SE
AF Davies, T. Jonathan
Wolkovich, Elizabeth M.
Kraft, Nathan J. B.
Salamin, Nicolas
Allen, Jenica M.
Ault, Toby R.
Betancourt, Julio L.
Bolmgren, Kjell
Cleland, Elsa E.
Cook, Benjamin I.
Crimmins, Theresa M.
Mazer, Susan J.
McCabe, Gregory J.
Pau, Stephanie
Regetz, Jim
Schwartz, Mark D.
Travers, Steven E.
TI Phylogenetic conservatism in plant phenology
SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; flowering times; phenology; phylogenetic conservatism;
plant-climate interactions; plasticity; spring indices
ID FLOWERING PHENOLOGY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; SPRING
PHENOLOGY; LIFE-HISTORY; NICHE CONSERVATISM; NATURAL-SELECTION;
FUNCTIONAL TRAIT; NORTH-AMERICA; GLOBAL CHANGE
AB Phenological events - defined points in the life cycle of a plant or animal - have been regarded as highly plastic traits, reflecting flexible responses to various environmental cues. The ability of a species to track, via shifts in phenological events, the abiotic environment through time might dictate its vulnerability to future climate change. Understanding the predictors and drivers of phenological change is therefore critical. Here, we evaluated evidence for phylogenetic conservatism - the tendency for closely related species to share similar ecological and biological attributes - in phenological traits across flowering plants. We aggregated published and unpublished data on timing of first flower and first leaf, encompassing 4000 species at 23 sites across the Northern Hemisphere. We reconstructed the phylogeny for the set of included species, first, using the software program Phylomatic, and second, from DNA data. We then quantified phylogenetic conservatism in plant phenology within and across sites. We show that more closely related species tend to flower and leaf at similar times. By contrasting mean flowering times within and across sites, however, we illustrate that it is not the time of year that is conserved, but rather the phenological responses to a common set of abiotic cues. Our findings suggest that species cannot be treated as statistically independent when modelling phenological responses.Synthesis. Closely related species tend to resemble each other in the timing of their life-history events, a likely product of evolutionarily conserved responses to environmental cues. The search for the underlying drivers of phenology must therefore account for species' shared evolutionary histories.
C1 [Davies, T. Jonathan] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada.
[Wolkovich, Elizabeth M.] Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Kraft, Nathan J. B.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Salamin, Nicolas] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Salamin, Nicolas] Swiss Inst Bioinformat, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Allen, Jenica M.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Ault, Toby R.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Betancourt, Julio L.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Bolmgren, Kjell] Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden.
[Bolmgren, Kjell] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Swedish Natl Phenol Network, Lund, Sweden.
[Cleland, Elsa E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ecol Behav & Evolut Sect, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Cook, Benjamin I.] NASA Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY USA.
[Cook, Benjamin I.] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
[Crimmins, Theresa M.] USA Natl Phenol Network, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Mazer, Susan J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[McCabe, Gregory J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Pau, Stephanie] Florida State Univ, Dept Geog, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Regetz, Jim] Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
[Schwartz, Mark D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Travers, Steven E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
RP Davies, TJ (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Biol, 1205 Doctor Penfield Ave, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada.
EM j.davies@mcgill.ca
RI Cook, Benjamin/H-2265-2012; Kraft, Nathan/A-2817-2012; Bolmgren,
Kjell/E-1459-2016
OI Kraft, Nathan/0000-0001-8867-7806; Bolmgren, Kjell/0000-0001-9552-9684
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center; NSF
[EF-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of
California; National Science Foundation [IOS-0639794]; NSF's
Postdoctoral Fellow program [DBI-0905806]; NSF LTER program (NSF Grant)
[BSR 88-11906, DEB 9411976, DEB 0080529, DEB 0217774]; Department of
Botany, Smithsonian National Museum of National History; NSF grant [DEB
0238331, 0922080]; Luquillo NSF DEB grants [9411973, 0080538, 0218039,
0620910, 0614659]; Konza Environmental Education Program (KEEP)
FX This work was conducted as a part of the 'Forecasting Phenology' Working
Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and
Synthesis, a Center funded by NSF (Grant #EF-0553768), the University of
California, Santa Barbara, and the State of California. Additional
support was also provided by the USA - National Phenology Network
(USA-NPN) and its Research Coordination Network (supported by National
Science Foundation Grant IOS-0639794). Support for EMW for came from
NSF's Postdoctoral Fellow program (Grant DBI-0905806). We thank B.
McGill for his contribution to the working group. Special thanks to all
data holder and curators, including (in no particular order) David
Inouye and George Aldridge (Gothic), Paul Huth, Shanan Smiley and John
Thompson (Mohonk Preserve), John O'Keefe (Harvard), Tim Sparks
(Marsham), Richard Primack and Abe Miller-Rushing (Concord), Dan Herms
(OPG and Herms data from Ohio and Michigan), Jess Zimmerman, Chris Nytch
and Jimena Forero-Montana (Luquillo), K. Vanderbilt and K. Wetherill
(Sevilleta), Joe Wright (BCI), Sylvia Orli, with special acknowledgement
of the two main data contributors, Aaron Goldberg and the late John
Wurdack (Washington, D. C.), A. H. Fitter with special acknowledgement
of the late R. S. R. Fitter (Chinnor, UK) and to M. Lechowicz, who
provided an electronic version of the data from the late T. Mikesell
(Wauseon). Ethel Johansson kindly shared the data collected by her late
husband, Gunnar Johansson.; Significant funding for the collection of
some data was provided by the NSF LTER program (NSF Grant numbers BSR
88-11906, DEB 9411976, DEB 0080529 and DEB 0217774). Data collection for
Washington D. C. was supported by A. Goldberg and J. Wurdack and is
organized through the Department of Botany, Smithsonian National Museum
of National History. Data from Gothic were supported by NSF grant DEB
0238331 and 0922080; data from Luquillo NSF DEB grants: #9411973,
#0080538, #0218039, #0620910, #0614659, #0218039. Some data used in this
publication were obtained by scientists of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem
Study. The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest is operated and maintained
by the Northeastern Research Station, US Department of Agriculture,
Newtown Square, Pennsylvania. Data for Konza supported by Konza
Environmental Education Program (KEEP). The SI models were developed
using phenological data that now reside and are available through the
National Phenology Database at the USA National Phenology Network.
NR 76
TC 42
Z9 44
U1 10
U2 143
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-0477
EI 1365-2745
J9 J ECOL
JI J. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 101
IS 6
BP 1520
EP 1530
DI 10.1111/1365-2745.12154
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 238XE
UT WOS:000325984300015
ER
PT J
AU Hammerly, SC
Morrow, ME
Johnson, JA
AF Hammerly, Susan C.
Morrow, Michael E.
Johnson, Jeff A.
TI A comparison of pedigree- and DNA-based measures for identifying
inbreeding depression in the critically endangered Attwater's
Prairie-chicken
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE ex situ population management; fitness; genetic diversity;
heterozygosity; inbreeding; prairie grouse
ID HETEROZYGOSITY-FITNESS CORRELATIONS; CAPTIVE BREEDING PROGRAMS;
MULTILOCUS HETEROZYGOSITY; POPULATION BOTTLENECKS; CONSERVATION
GENETICS; HATCHING FAILURE; LIFE-HISTORY; REINTRODUCED POPULATION;
PAIRWISE RELATEDNESS; PARENTAL RELATEDNESS
AB The primary goal of captive breeding programmes for endangered species is to prevent extinction, a component of which includes the preservation of genetic diversity and avoidance of inbreeding. This is typically accomplished by minimizing mean kinship in the population, thereby maintaining equal representation of the genetic founders used to initiate the captive population. If errors in the pedigree do exist, such an approach becomes less effective for minimizing inbreeding depression. In this study, both pedigree- and DNA-based methods were used to assess whether inbreeding depression existed in the captive population of the critically endangered Attwater's Prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus cupido attwateri), a subspecies of prairie grouse that has experienced a significant decline in abundance and concurrent reduction in neutral genetic diversity. When examining the captive population for signs of inbreeding, variation in pedigree-based inbreeding coefficients (f(pedigree)) was less than that obtained from DNA-based methods (f(DNA)). Mortality of chicks and adults in captivity were also positively correlated with parental relatedness (r(DNA)) and f(DNA), respectively, while no correlation was observed with pedigree-based measures when controlling for additional variables such as age, breeding facility, gender and captive/release status. Further, individual homozygosity by loci (HL) and parental r(DNA) values were positively correlated with adult mortality in captivity and the occurrence of a lethal congenital defect in chicks, respectively, suggesting that inbreeding may be a contributing factor increasing the frequency of this condition among Attwater's Prairie-chickens. This study highlights the importance of using DNA-based methods to better inform management decisions when pedigrees are incomplete or errors may exist due to uncertainty in pairings.
C1 [Hammerly, Susan C.; Johnson, Jeff A.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Inst Appl Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Morrow, Michael E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Attwater Prairie Chicken Natl Wildlife Refuge, Eagle Lake, TX 77434 USA.
RP Johnson, JA (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Inst Appl Sci, 1155 Union Circle,310559, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
EM jajohnson@unt.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0948787]; U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service;
Society of Tympanuchus Cupido Pinnatus, Ltd.
FX We would like to thank Terry Rossignol and John Toepfer for their
continued support and for commenting on earlier drafts of this
manuscript. We especially thank Hannah Bailey for her help with the
studbook, Roy McClements for compiling egg and chick logs, and Angie
Ambers for assistance in genotyping the historic samples. The following
museums also deserve recognition for providing samples from their
collections: United States National Museum of Natural History, American
Museum of Natural History, University of California-Berkeley Museum of
Vertebrate Zoology, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology and Texas
A&M University. This work was supported by grants from the National
Science Foundation (DEB 0948787), U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service and the
Society of Tympanuchus Cupido Pinnatus, Ltd. The findings and
conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 117
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
EI 1365-294X
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 21
BP 5313
EP 5328
DI 10.1111/mec.12482
PG 16
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 238ZI
UT WOS:000325990500004
PM 24118220
ER
PT J
AU Gray, BR
Holland, MD
Yi, F
Starcevich, LAH
AF Gray, Brian R.
Holland, Mark D.
Yi, Feng
Starcevich, Leigh Ann Harrod
TI INFLUENCES OF AVAILABILITY ON PARAMETER ESTIMATES FROM SITE OCCUPANCY
MODELS WITH APPLICATION TO SUBMERSED AQUATIC VEGETATION
SO NATURAL RESOURCE MODELING
LA English
DT Article
DE Availability; bias; detection probability; local occupancy; site
occupancy; submersed aquatic vegetation; temporary emigration;
zero-inflated binomial model
ID HETEROGENEOUS DETECTION PROBABILITIES; UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER;
RICHNESS; RATES; POPULATION; ABUNDANCE; ERROR; SIZE
AB Site occupancy models are commonly used by ecologists to estimate the probabilities of species site occupancy and of species detection. This study addresses the influence on site occupancy and detection estimates of variation in species availability among surveys within sites. Such variation in availability may result from temporary emigration, nonavailability of the species for detection, and sampling sites spatially when species presence is not uniform within sites. We demonstrate, using Monte Carlo simulations and aquatic vegetation data, that variation in availability and heterogeneity in the probability of availability may yield biases in the expected values of the site occupancy and detection estimates that have traditionally been associated with low-detection probabilities and heterogeneity in those probabilities. These findings confirm that the effects of availability may be important for ecologists and managers, and that where such effects are expected, modification of sampling designs and/or analytical methods should be considered. Failure to limit the effects of availability may preclude reliable estimation of the probability of site occupancy.
C1 [Gray, Brian R.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Holland, Mark D.; Yi, Feng] Univ Minnesota, Sch Stat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Starcevich, Leigh Ann Harrod] Oregon State Univ, Dept Stat, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA.
RP Gray, BR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM brgray@usgs.gov; holland.mark@gmail.com; yixxx064@umn.edu; lah@peak.org
OI Gray, Brian/0000-0001-7682-9550
FU US Army Corps of Engineers' Upper Mississippi River
Restoration-Environmental Management Program's Long Term Resource
Monitoring Program; EMAP
FX We thank Mark Kery and two anonymous reviewers for helpful reviews of
this paper, Doug Johnson and Jim Griswold for helpful comments on an
early draft of this paper, and Bob Dorazio, Steve Gutreuter, Bill
Kendall, Kevin Kenow, Darryl MacKenzie, and Jim Rogala for helpful
discussions on statistical or SAV-related components of this study. We
thank Debra Taylor for supplying EMAP data and Becky Kreiling for
supplying LTRMP data. This research was supported by the US Army Corps
of Engineers' Upper Mississippi River Restoration-Environmental
Management Program's Long Term Resource Monitoring Program and EMAP. The
use of proprietary software does not represent an endorsement by the US
government.
NR 42
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U1 0
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0890-8575
EI 1939-7445
J9 NAT RESOUR MODEL
JI Nat. Resour. Model.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 4
BP 526
EP 545
DI 10.1111/nrm.12012
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics
GA 240RA
UT WOS:000326113500005
ER
PT J
AU Hungate, BA
Dijkstra, P
Wu, ZT
Duval, BD
Day, FP
Johnson, DW
Megonigal, JP
Brown, ALP
Garland, JL
AF Hungate, Bruce A.
Dijkstra, Paul
Wu, Zhuoting
Duval, Benjamin D.
Day, Frank P.
Johnson, Dale W.
Megonigal, J. Patrick
Brown, Alisha L. P.
Garland, Jay L.
TI Cumulative response of ecosystem carbon and nitrogen stocks to chronic
CO2 exposure in a subtropical oak woodland
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon cycling; elevated CO2; global change; long-term experiment;
nitrogen cycling; scrub oak; soil carbon; subtropical woodland
ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; FLORIDA SCRUB-OAK; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER;
DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; FOREST PRODUCTIVITY; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS;
MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; RHIZOSPHERE PROCESSES; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS;
CLIMATE FEEDBACKS
AB Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) could alter the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content of ecosystems, yet the magnitude of these effects are not well known. We examined C and N budgets of a subtropical woodland after 11yr of exposure to elevated CO2. We used open-top chambers to manipulate CO2 during regrowth after fire, and measured C, N and tracer N-15 in ecosystem components throughout the experiment. Elevated CO2 increased plant C and tended to increase plant N but did not significantly increase whole-system C or N. Elevated CO2 increased soil microbial activity and labile soil C, but more slowly cycling soil C pools tended to decline. Recovery of a long-term N-15 tracer indicated that CO2 exposure increased N losses and altered N distribution, with no effect on N inputs. Increased plant C accrual was accompanied by higher soil microbial activity and increased C losses from soil, yielding no statistically detectable effect of elevated CO2 on net ecosystem C uptake. These findings challenge the treatment of terrestrial ecosystems responses to elevated CO2 in current biogeochemical models, where the effect of elevated CO2 on ecosystem C balance is described as enhanced photosynthesis and plant growth with decomposition as a first-order response.
C1 [Hungate, Bruce A.; Dijkstra, Paul; Wu, Zhuoting; Duval, Benjamin D.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Hungate, Bruce A.; Dijkstra, Paul; Wu, Zhuoting; Duval, Benjamin D.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Wu, Zhuoting] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Duval, Benjamin D.] ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Day, Frank P.; Brown, Alisha L. P.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Johnson, Dale W.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Megonigal, J. Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Garland, Jay L.] US EPA, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Hungate, BA (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM bruce.hungate@nau.edu
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG-02-95ER61993, 95-59, MPOOO02]; National
Science Foundation [DEB 9873715, 0092642, 0445324]; National Aeronautics
and Space Administration at the Kennedy Space Center; US Fish and
Wildlife Service at Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge
FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy
(DE-FG-02-95ER61993, and subcontract 95-59, MPOOO02), and by the
National Science Foundation (DEB 9873715, 0092642, and 0445324). The
National Aeronautics and Space Administration at the Kennedy Space
Center, the US Fish and Wildlife Service at Merritt Island National
Wildlife Refuge provided generous support throughout the CO2
project. Thanks to Bert Drake for visionary leadership and opportunity.
Victoria Albarracin, Mike Roberts, Mary Hummerick, Jan Bauer and Lanfang
Levine assisted in the laboratory.
NR 106
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U1 5
U2 93
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1469-8137
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 200
IS 3
BP 753
EP 766
DI 10.1111/nph.12333
PG 14
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 233GI
UT WOS:000325555400018
PM 23718224
ER
PT J
AU Zimmerman, CE
Ramey, AM
Turner, SM
Mueter, FJ
Murphy, SM
Nielsen, JL
AF Zimmerman, Christian E.
Ramey, Andrew M.
Turner, Sara M.
Mueter, Franz J.
Murphy, Stephen M.
Nielsen, Jennifer L.
TI Genetics, recruitment, and migration patterns of Arctic cisco (Coregonus
autumnalis) in the Colville River, Alaska, and Mackenzie River, Canada
SO POLAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic cisco; Genetic structure; Catch data; Otolith microchemistry;
Overwintering; Recruitment
ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; BEAUFORT SEA;
ENVIRONMENTAL-INFLUENCES; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; OTOLITH CHEMISTRY; FISH;
CLUPEAFORMIS; INFORMATION; SALMONIDS
AB Arctic cisco Coregonus autumnalis have a complex anadromous life history, many aspects of which remain poorly understood. Some life history traits of Arctic cisco from the Colville River, Alaska, and Mackenzie River basin, Canada, were investigated using molecular genetics, harvest data, and otolith microchemistry. The Mackenzie hypothesis, which suggests that Arctic cisco found in Alaskan waters originate from the Mackenzie River system, was tested using 11 microsatellite loci and a single mitochondrial DNA gene. No genetic differentiation was found among sample collections from the Colville River and the Mackenzie River system using molecular markers (P > 0.19 in all comparisons). Model-based clustering methods also supported genetic admixture between sample collections from the Colville River and Mackenzie River basin. A reanalysis of recruitment patterns to Alaska, which included data from recent warm periods and suspected changes in atmospheric circulation patterns, still finds that recruitment is correlated to wind conditions. Otolith microchemistry (Sr/Ca ratios) confirmed repeated, annual movements of Arctic cisco between low-salinity habitats in winter and marine waters in summer.
C1 [Zimmerman, Christian E.; Ramey, Andrew M.; Turner, Sara M.; Nielsen, Jennifer L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Mueter, Franz J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Murphy, Stephen M.] ABR Inc, Fairbanks, AK 99708 USA.
RP Zimmerman, CE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM czimmerman@usgs.gov
OI Ramey, Andrew/0000-0002-3601-8400; Zimmerman,
Christian/0000-0002-3646-0688
FU USGS Outer Continental Shelf Program
FX Sara Graziano, Sean Burril, and Vanessa von Biela (U. S. Geological
Survey; USGS) provided significant contributions to laboratory and
statistical analyses and fish collections on the Mackenzie River. Sample
collections for this report were made available by Larry Moulton (MJM
Research); Kate Wedemeyer (Bureau of Ocean Energy Management); BP
Exploration, Inc.; ConocoPhillips, Alaska; and the U. S. Fish and
Wildlife Service. USGS sampling in Canada was facilitated by the
Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada and the Aurora Research
Institute. Hospitality and assistance from citizens of Fort Good Hope,
Norman Wells, and Inuvik was greatly appreciated. Partial funding for
this study came from the USGS Outer Continental Shelf Program. We thank
three anonymous reviewers and the editor for very helpful comments. Any
use of trade names or products is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement of the US Government.
NR 56
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U1 0
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4060
EI 1432-2056
J9 POLAR BIOL
JI Polar Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 11
BP 1543
EP 1555
DI 10.1007/s00300-013-1372-y
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 239TS
UT WOS:000326049100001
ER
PT J
AU Pilgrim, EM
Blum, MJ
Reusser, DA
Lee, H
Darling, JA
AF Pilgrim, Erik M.
Blum, Michael J.
Reusser, Deborah A.
Lee, Henry, II
Darling, John A.
TI Geographic range and structure of cryptic genetic diversity among
Pacific North American populations of the non-native amphipod
Grandidierella japonica
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Grandidierella; Amphipod; Invasive species; Cryptic diversity; Aoridae;
DNA barcode
ID MULTIPLE INTRODUCTIONS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; INTEGRATED SOFTWARE;
CRUSTACEA-AMPHIPODA; SPECIES INVASIONS; CARCINUS-MAENAS; DNA BARCODES;
WILLAPA BAY; MARINE; DISPERSAL
AB Reconstructing the invasion history of aquatic invasive species can enhance understanding of invasion risks by recognizing areas most susceptible to invasion and forecasting future spread based on past patterns of population expansion. Here we reconstruct the invasion history of the Japanese amphipod Grandidierella japonica Stephensen 1938 combining information from historical collection data with molecular genetic data to better understand post-invasion range expansion and anthropogenic connectivity across the Pacific coast of North America. Compilation of collection data from bays and estuaries of the Pacific North American coast show many new localities have been colonized in the last two decades, moving outward from harbors and bays with high commercial traffic into smaller coastal locations dominated by local recreational traffic. DNA barcode sequence data for G. japonica reveals two distinct clades: one found in San Francisco Bay and sites to the north, and one also found in San Francisco Bay and sites to the south. The two clades differ by an average 7.28 % genetic distance, large enough to consider these invasive amphipods two separate species. Both northern and southern clades exhibit low levels of genetic diversity, suggesting a single introduction event for each. The presence of cryptic diversity within this invasive amphipod highlights the need for more extensive study of the invasive and native populations of aquatic invasive invertebrates to address questions of taxonomy, diversity, and invasion history.
C1 [Pilgrim, Erik M.; Darling, John A.] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Blum, Michael J.] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
[Reusser, Deborah A.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Lee, Henry, II] US EPA, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Pilgrim, EM (reprint author), US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM pilgrim.erik@epa.gov
OI Darling, John/0000-0002-4776-9533
NR 64
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U2 25
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
EI 1573-1464
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 15
IS 11
BP 2415
EP 2428
DI 10.1007/s10530-013-0462-7
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 233GH
UT WOS:000325555300006
ER
PT J
AU Fraver, S
Milo, AM
Bradford, JB
D'Amato, AW
Kenefic, L
Palik, BJ
Woodall, CW
Brissette, J
AF Fraver, Shawn
Milo, Amy M.
Bradford, John B.
D'Amato, Anthony W.
Kenefic, Laura
Palik, Brian J.
Woodall, Christopher W.
Brissette, John
TI Woody Debris Volume Depletion Through Decay: Implications for Biomass
and Carbon Accounting
SO ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon cycle; coarse woody debris; deadwood; decay constant; decay rate;
decomposition; forest dynamics; forest biomass; forest fuels; habitat
structure
ID DECOMPOSITION RATE CONSTANTS; DOUGLAS-FIR LOGS; BOREAL FOREST;
CONIFEROUS FORESTS; NORWAY SPRUCE; OLD-GROWTH; COARSE; DYNAMICS; RATES;
FUNGI
AB Woody debris decay rates have recently received much attention because of the need to quantify temporal changes in forest carbon stocks. Published decay rates, available for many species, are commonly used to characterize deadwood biomass and carbon depletion. However, decay rates are often derived from reductions in wood density through time, which when used to model biomass and carbon depletion are known to underestimate rate loss because they fail to account for volume reduction (changes in log shape) as decay progresses. We present a method for estimating changes in log volume through time and illustrate the method using a chronosequence approach. The method is based on the observation, confirmed herein, that decaying logs have a collapse ratio (cross-sectional height/width) that can serve as a surrogate for the volume remaining. Combining the resulting volume loss with concurrent changes in wood density from the same logs then allowed us to quantify biomass and carbon depletion for three study species. Results show that volume, density, and biomass follow distinct depletion curves during decomposition. Volume showed an initial lag period (log dimensions remained unchanged), even while wood density was being reduced. However, once volume depletion began, biomass loss (the product of density and volume depletion) occurred much more rapidly than density alone. At the temporal limit of our data, the proportion of the biomass remaining was roughly half that of the density remaining. Accounting for log volume depletion, as demonstrated in this study, provides a comprehensive characterization of deadwood decomposition, thereby improving biomass-loss and carbon-accounting models.
C1 [Fraver, Shawn; D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Milo, Amy M.] George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Kenefic, Laura] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Bradley, ME 04411 USA.
[Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
[Woodall, Christopher W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Brissette, John] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Fraver, S (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM srfraver@umn.edu
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011; Kenefic, Laura/H-3177-2014
FU US Forest Service Northern Research Station; Joint Fire Science Program
[08-1-5-04]
FX We thank J. Elioff, A. Elling, D. Kastendick, T. O'Brien, R. Severs, T.
Burk, H. Hutchins, and G. Mehmel for alerting us to sites with known
tree mortality dates and J. Elioff for assistance in the field. Comments
from B. G. Jonsson, M. Russell, two anonymous reviewers, and the
subject-matter editor substantially improved the manuscript. Support was
provided by the US Forest Service Northern Research Station, and the
Joint Fire Science Program (Project 08-1-5-04). Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 62
TC 22
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U1 3
U2 74
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-9840
EI 1435-0629
J9 ECOSYSTEMS
JI Ecosystems
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 16
IS 7
BP 1262
EP 1272
DI 10.1007/s10021-013-9682-z
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 231NT
UT WOS:000325424500008
ER
PT J
AU Brumbaugh, WG
Besser, JM
Ingersoll, CG
May, TW
Ivey, CD
Schlekat, CE
Garman, ER
AF Brumbaugh, William G.
Besser, John M.
Ingersoll, Christopher G.
May, Thomas W.
Ivey, Chris D.
Schlekat, Christian E.
Garman, Emily Rogevich
TI PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NICKEL-SPIKED FRESHWATER SEDIMENTS
FOR TOXICITY TESTS: TOWARD MORE ENVIRONMENTALLY REALISTIC NICKEL
PARTITIONING
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nickel; Spiked sediment; Distribution coefficient; Toxicity testing;
Acid-volatile sulfide
ID ACID-VOLATILE SULFIDE; ANOXIC SEDIMENTS; PORE-WATER; COPPER;
AVAILABILITY; CADMIUM; RELEASE; METALS; ZINC; PH
AB Two spiking methods were compared and nickel (Ni) partitioning was evaluated during a series of toxicity tests with 8 different freshwater sediments having a range of physicochemical characteristics. A 2-step spiking approach with immediate pH adjustment by addition of NaOH at a 2:1 molar ratio to the spiked Ni was effective in producing consistent pH and other chemical characteristics across a range of Ni spiking levels. When Ni was spiked into sediment having a high acid-volatile sulfide and organic matter content, a total equilibration period of at least 10 wk was needed to stabilize Ni partitioning. However, highest spiking levels evidently exceeded sediment binding capacities; therefore, a 7-d equilibration in toxicity test chambers and 8 volume-additions/d of aerobic overlying water were used to avoid unrealistic Ni partitioning during toxicity testing. The 7-d pretest equilibration allowed excess spiked Ni and other ions from pH adjustment to diffuse from sediment porewater and promoted development of an environmentally relevant, 0.5- to 1-cm oxic/suboxic sediment layer in the test chambers. Among the 8 different spiked sediments, the logarithm of sediment/porewater distribution coefficient values (logK(d)) for Ni during the toxicity tests ranged from 3.5 to 4.5. These K-d values closely match the range of values reported for various field Ni-contaminated sediments, indicating that testing conditions with our spiked sediments were environmentally realistic. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2482-2494. (c) 2013 SETAC
C1 [Brumbaugh, William G.; Besser, John M.; Ingersoll, Christopher G.; May, Thomas W.; Ivey, Chris D.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO USA.
[Schlekat, Christian E.; Garman, Emily Rogevich] Nickel Producers Environm Res Assoc, Durham, NC USA.
RP Brumbaugh, WG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO USA.
EM bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey; Columbia Environmental Research Center (CERC);
Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association (NiPERA)
FX This research was funded through an agreement between the US Geological
Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center (CERC), and the Nickel
Producers Environmental Research Association (NiPERA). For technical
assistance we thank P. Sibley of the University of Guelph (sediment
spiking and toxicity testing); D. Mount and R. Hockett of US
Environmental Protection Agency (collection of West Bearskin Lake
sediment); A. Burton and D. Costello of the University of Michigan
(collection of Michigan sediments); C. Hammerschmidt of Wright State
University (analytical chemistry); and J.-F. Gaillard of Northwestern
University (nickel speciation by X-ray absorption spectroscopy). For
valuable consultation on project planning and interpretation of results,
we thank H. Tyle and J. Scott-Fordsmand of the Denmark Environmental
Protection Agency and C. Jansson of the University of Ghent. From our
laboratory we thank R. Warbritton and D. Whites (invertebrate
culturing); D. Hardesty, E. Brunson, J. Hughes, R. Consbrock, and N.
Wang (toxicity tests); J. Arms and M. Walther (chemical analyses). Two
anonymous reviewers and C. Schmitt provided helpful comments on earlier
drafts of the manuscript.
NR 39
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U1 1
U2 20
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 11
BP 2482
EP 2494
DI 10.1002/etc.2272
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 232HE
UT WOS:000325482700010
PM 23657917
ER
PT J
AU Besser, JM
Brumbaugh, WG
Ingersoll, CG
Ivey, CD
Kunz, JL
Kemble, NE
Schlekat, CE
Garman, ER
AF Besser, John M.
Brumbaugh, William G.
Ingersoll, Christopher G.
Ivey, Chris D.
Kunz, James L.
Kemble, Nile E.
Schlekat, Christian E.
Garman, Emily Rogevich
TI CHRONIC TOXICITY OF NICKEL-SPIKED FRESHWATER SEDIMENTS: VARIATION IN
TOXICITY AMONG EIGHT INVERTEBRATE TAXA AND EIGHT SEDIMENTS
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nickel; Sediment toxicity; Bioavailability; Acid-volatile sulfide (AVS);
Sediment quality guidelines
ID ACID-VOLATILE SULFIDES; BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES; HYALELLA-AZTECA; METALS;
BIOAVAILABILITY; EXPOSURES; PH
AB This study evaluated the chronic toxicity of Ni-spiked freshwater sediments to benthic invertebrates. A 2-step spiking procedure (spiking and sediment dilution) and a 2-stage equilibration period (10wk anaerobic and 1wk aerobic) were used to spike 8 freshwater sediments with wide ranges of acid-volatile sulfide (AVS; 0.94-38 mu mol/g) and total organic carbon (TOC; 0.42-10%). Chronic sediment toxicity tests were conducted with 8 invertebrates (Hyalella azteca, Gammarus pseudolimnaeus, Chironomus riparius, Chironomus dilutus, Hexagenia sp., Lumbriculus variegatus, Tubifex tubifex, and Lampsilis siliquoidea) in 2 spiked sediments. Nickel toxicity thresholds estimated from species-sensitivity distributions were 97 mu g/g and 752 mu g/g (total recoverable Ni; dry wt basis) for sediments with low and high concentrations of AVS and TOC, respectively. Sensitive species were tested with 6 additional sediments. The 20% effect concentrations (EC20s) for Hyalella and Gammarus, but not Hexagenia, were consistent with US Environmental Protection Agency benchmarks based on Ni in porewater and in simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) normalized to AVS and TOC. For Hexagenia, sediment EC20s increased at less than an equimolar basis with increased AVS, and toxicity occurred in several sediments with Ni concentrations in SEM less than AVS. The authors hypothesize that circulation of oxygenated water by Hexagenia led to oxidation of AVS in burrows, creating microenvironments with high Ni exposure. Despite these unexpected results, a strong relationship between Hexagenia EC20s and AVS could provide a basis for conservative site-specific sediment quality guidelines for Ni. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2495-2506. (c) 2013 SETAC
C1 [Besser, John M.; Brumbaugh, William G.; Ingersoll, Christopher G.; Ivey, Chris D.; Kunz, James L.; Kemble, Nile E.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO USA.
[Schlekat, Christian E.; Garman, Emily Rogevich] Nickel Producers Environm Res Assoc, Durham, NC USA.
RP Besser, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO USA.
EM jbesser@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey (USGS); Nickel Producers Environmental Research
Association
FX The project was funded through an agreement between the US Geological
Survey (USGS) and the Nickel Producers Environmental Research
Association. The research project benefitted from guidance by members of
the European Commission Technical Group for Derivation of Predicted
No-Effect Concentrations for Nickel in Sediment, especially H. Tyle and
J. Scott-Fordsmand (Denmark Environmental Protection Agency) and C.
Jansson (University of Ghent, Belgium). A. Burton and D. Costello
(University of Michigan, MI, USA) and D. Mount and R. Hockett (US
Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN) provided sediments for
testing. M. Vangheluwe (ARCHE Consultants, Belgium) provided technical
advice on sediment risk assessment. Many USGS personnel assisted with
invertebrate culture (R. Warbritton and D. Whites), toxicity testing (D.
Hardesty, E. Brunson, J. Hughes, R. Consbrock, and N. Wang), and
chemical analyses (T. May and M. Walther). J. Fairchild and R. Seal
reviewed previous drafts of the manuscript
NR 41
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Z9 12
U1 11
U2 56
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 11
BP 2495
EP 2506
DI 10.1002/etc.2271
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 232HE
UT WOS:000325482700011
PM 23657897
ER
PT J
AU Vangheluwe, MLU
Verdonck, FAM
Besser, JM
Brumbaugh, WG
Ingersoll, CG
Schlekat, CE
Garman, ER
AF Vangheluwe, Marnix L. U.
Verdonck, Frederik A. M.
Besser, John M.
Brumbaugh, William G.
Ingersoll, Christopher G.
Schlekat, Christan E.
Garman, Emily Rogevich
TI IMPROVING SEDIMENT-QUALITY GUIDELINES FOR NICKEL: DEVELOPMENT AND
APPLICATION OF PREDICTIVE BIOAVAILABILITY MODELS TO ASSESS CHRONIC
TOXICITY OF NICKEL IN FRESHWATER SEDIMENTS
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nickel; Environmental risk assessment; Sediment toxicity; Acid volatile
sulfide; Bioavailability model
ID ACID-VOLATILE SULFIDE; SPECIES-SENSITIVITY DISTRIBUTIONS;
RISK-ASSESSMENT; MARINE; ECOSYSTEMS; CHEMISTRY; CADMIUM; METALS; COPPER
AB Within the framework of European Union chemical legislations an extensive data set on the chronic toxicity of sediment nickel has been generated. In the initial phase of testing, tests were conducted with 8 taxa of benthic invertebrates in 2 nickel-spiked sediments, including 1 reasonable worst-case sediment with low concentrations of acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) and total organic carbon. The following species were tested: amphipods (Hyalella azteca, Gammarus pseudolimnaeus), mayflies (Hexagenia sp.), oligochaetes (Tubifex tubifex, Lumbriculus variegatus), mussels (Lampsilis siliquoidea), and midges (Chironomus dilutus, Chironomus riparius). In the second phase, tests were conducted with the most sensitive species in 6 additional spiked sediments, thus generating chronic toxicity data for a total of 8 nickel-spiked sediments. A species sensitivity distribution was elaborated based on 10% effective concentrations yielding a threshold value of 94mg Ni/kg dry weight under reasonable worst-case conditions. Data from all sediments were used to model predictive bioavailability relationships between chronic toxicity thresholds (20% effective concentrations) and AVS and Fe, and these models were used to derive site-specific sediment-quality criteria. Normalization of toxicity values reduced the intersediment variability in toxicity values significantly for the amphipod species Hyalella azteca and G. pseudolimnaeus, but these relationships were less clearly defined for the mayfly Hexagenia sp. Application of the models to prevailing local conditions resulted in threshold values ranging from 126mg to 281mg Ni/kg dry weight, based on the AVS model, and 143mg to 265mg Ni/kg dry weight, based on the Fe model. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2507-2519. (c) 2013 SETAC
C1 [Vangheluwe, Marnix L. U.; Verdonck, Frederik A. M.] ARCHE, Ghent, Belgium.
[Besser, John M.; Brumbaugh, William G.; Ingersoll, Christopher G.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO USA.
[Schlekat, Christan E.; Garman, Emily Rogevich] Nickel Producers Environm Res Assoc, Durham, NC USA.
RP Vangheluwe, MLU (reprint author), ARCHE, Ghent, Belgium.
EM marnix.vangheluwe@arche-consulting.be
NR 51
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U1 5
U2 57
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 11
BP 2507
EP 2519
DI 10.1002/etc.2373
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 232HE
UT WOS:000325482700012
PM 23983116
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, GP
Bergman, E
Johnson, KL
Benz, HM
Brown, L
Meltzer, AS
AF Hayes, Gavin P.
Bergman, Eric
Johnson, Kendra L.
Benz, Harley M.
Brown, Lucy
Meltzer, Anne S.
TI Seismotectonic framework of the 2010 February 27 M-w 8.8 Maule, Chile
earthquake sequence
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Earthquake source observations; Seismicity and tectonics; Subduction
zone processes; South America
ID TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE; SOURCE INVERSION; PACIFIC COAST; SUBDUCTION ZONE;
TRAVEL-TIMES; SEISMIC GAP; IRAN; CALIFORNIA; RELOCATION; FAULTS
AB After the 2010 M-w 8.8 Maule earthquake, an international collaboration involving teams and instruments from Chile, the US, the UK, France and Germany established the International Maule Aftershock Deployment temporary network over the source region of the event to facilitate detailed, open-access studies of the aftershock sequence. Using data from the first 9-months of this deployment, we have analyzed the detailed spatial distribution of over 2500 well-recorded aftershocks. All earthquakes have been relocated using a hypocentral decomposition algorithm to study the details of and uncertainties in both their relative and absolute locations. We have computed regional moment tensor solutions for the largest of these events to produce a catalogue of 465 mechanisms, and have used all of these data to study the spatial distribution of the aftershock sequence with respect to the Chilean megathrust. We refine models of co-seismic slip distribution of the Maule earthquake, and show how small changes in fault geometries assumed in teleseismic finite fault modelling significantly improve fits to regional GPS data, implying that the accuracy of rapid teleseismic fault models can be substantially improved by consideration of existing fault geometry model databases. We interpret all of these data in an integrated seismotectonic framework for the Maule earthquake rupture and its aftershock sequence, and discuss the relationships between co-seismic rupture and aftershock distributions. While the majority of aftershocks are interplate thrust events located away from regions of maximum co-seismic slip, interesting clusters of aftershocks are identified in the lower plate at both ends of the main shock rupture, implying internal deformation of the slab in response to large slip on the plate boundary interface. We also perform Coulomb stress transfer calculations to compare aftershock locations and mechanisms to static stress changes following the Maule rupture. Without the incorporation of uncertainties in earthquake locations, just 55 per cent of aftershock nodal planes align with faults promoted towards failure by co-seismic slip. When epicentral uncertainties are considered (on the order of just +/- 2-3 km), 90 per cent of aftershocks are consistent with occurring along faults demonstrating positive stress transfer. These results imply large sensitivities of Coulomb stress transfer calculations to uncertainties in both earthquake locations and models of slip distributions, particularly when applied to aftershocks close to a heterogeneous fault rupture; such uncertainties should therefore be considered in similar studies used to argue for or against models of static stress triggering.
C1 [Hayes, Gavin P.; Johnson, Kendra L.; Benz, Harley M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Bergman, Eric] Global Seismol Serv, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Johnson, Kendra L.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Brown, Lucy; Meltzer, Anne S.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
RP Hayes, GP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM ghayes@usgs.gov
NR 62
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U1 1
U2 38
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 195
IS 2
BP 1034
EP 1051
DI 10.1093/gji/ggt238
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 236CI
UT WOS:000325770900022
ER
PT J
AU Wenger, SJ
Som, NA
Dauwalter, DC
Isaak, DJ
Neville, HM
Luce, CH
Dunham, JB
Young, MK
Fausch, KD
Rieman, BE
AF Wenger, Seth J.
Som, Nicholas A.
Dauwalter, Daniel C.
Isaak, Daniel J.
Neville, Helen M.
Luce, Charles H.
Dunham, Jason B.
Young, Michael K.
Fausch, Kurt D.
Rieman, Bruce E.
TI Probabilistic accounting of uncertainty in forecasts of species
distributions under climate change
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bull trout; ensemble; generalized linear model; model uncertainty;
Salvelinus confluentus; species distribution model; suitable habitat
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-CONFLUENTUS; COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; LINEAR MIXED MODELS;
BULL TROUT; BROOK TROUT; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; HABITAT MODELS; PREDICTION;
TEMPERATURE; TRANSFERABILITY
AB Forecasts of species distributions under future climates are inherently uncertain, but there have been few attempts to describe this uncertainty comprehensively in a probabilistic manner. We developed a Monte Carlo approach that accounts for uncertainty within generalized linear regression models (parameter uncertainty and residual error), uncertainty among competing models (model uncertainty), and uncertainty in future climate conditions (climate uncertainty) to produce site-specific frequency distributions of occurrence probabilities across a species' range. We illustrated the method by forecasting suitable habitat for bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in the Interior Columbia River Basin, USA, under recent and projected 2040s and 2080s climate conditions. The 95% interval of total suitable habitat under recent conditions was estimated at 30.1-42.5 thousand km; this was predicted to decline to 0.5-7.9 thousand km by the 2080s. Projections for the 2080s showed that the great majority of stream segments would be unsuitable with high certainty, regardless of the climate data set or bull trout model employed. The largest contributor to uncertainty in total suitable habitat was climate uncertainty, followed by parameter uncertainty and model uncertainty. Our approach makes it possible to calculate a full distribution of possible outcomes for a species, and permits ready graphical display of uncertainty for individual locations and of total habitat.
C1 [Wenger, Seth J.; Dauwalter, Daniel C.] Trout Unltd, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Som, Nicholas A.; Neville, Helen M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arcata Fish & Wildlife Off, Arcata, CA USA.
[Isaak, Daniel J.; Luce, Charles H.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA.
[Dunham, Jason B.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Serv Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA.
[Young, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA.
[Fausch, Kurt D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Seeley Lake, MT USA.
RP Wenger, SJ (reprint author), Trout Unltd, 322 East Front St,Suite 401, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
EM sethwenger@fastmail.fm
RI Luce, Charles/A-9267-2008
OI Luce, Charles/0000-0002-6938-9662
FU US Geological Survey [G09AC00050]; US Forest Service Rocky Mountain
Research Station; US Geological Survey Northwest Climate Science Center;
US Geological Survey Western Region; US Geological Survey Forest and
Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center; US Fish and Wildlife Service
FX This study was funded by US Geological Survey Grant G09AC00050 and
additional grants and agreements from the US Forest Service Rocky
Mountain Research Station, the US Geological Survey Northwest Climate
Science Center, the US Geological Survey Western Region, the US
Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, and the
US Fish and Wildlife Service. The fish data used in this study were
compiled from multiple sources, including a previous database of sites
in the range of westslope cutthroat trout (Rieman et al., 1999), which
included data from the Idaho Department of Fish and Game's General Parr
Monitoring database and other sources. Additional data were provided by
Bart Gammett of the Salmon-Challis National Forest, Joseph Benjamin of
the US Geological Survey, Kevin Meyer of the Idaho Department of Fish
and Game, and Brad Shepard of the Wildlife Conservation Society. Use of
trade or firm names in this manuscript is for reader information only
and does not constitute endorsement of any product or service by the US
Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of federal
agencies. This article has been peer reviewed and approved for
publication consistent with USGS Fundamental Science Practices
(http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1367/).
NR 75
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 4
U2 82
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 11
BP 3343
EP 3354
DI 10.1111/gcb.12294
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 233KL
UT WOS:000325567100010
PM 23765608
ER
PT J
AU Diamanka, A
Loch, TP
Cipriano, RC
Faisal, M
AF Diamanka, A.
Loch, T. P.
Cipriano, R. C.
Faisal, M.
TI Polyphasic characterization of Aeromonas salmonicida isolates recovered
from salmonid and non-salmonid fish
SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Aeromonas salmonicida; bacteria; fish disease; Great Lakes
ID SUBSP SALMONICIDA; ATLANTIC SALMON; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE;
ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; GENETIC DIVERSITY; S-LAYER; FURUNCULOSIS;
IDENTIFICATION; ELECTROPHORESIS; PATHOGEN
AB Michigan's fisheries rely primarily upon the hatchery propagation of salmonid fish for release in public waters. One limitation on the success of these efforts is the presence of bacterial pathogens, including Aeromonas salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of A. salmonicida in Michigan fish, as well as to determine whether biochemical or gene sequence variability exists among Michigan isolates. A total of 2202 wild, feral and hatchery-propagated fish from Michigan were examined for the presence of A. salmonicida. The examined fish included Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), coho salmon, O. kisutcha (Walbaum), steelhead trout, O. mykiss (Walbaum), Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), and yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchill). Among these, 234 fish yielded a brown pigment-producing bacterium that was presumptively identified as A. salmonicida. Further phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses identified representative isolates as Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and revealed some genetic and biochemical variability. Logistic regression analyses showed that infection prevalence varied according to fish species/strain, year and gender, whereby Chinook salmon and females had the highest infection prevalence. Moreover, this pathogen was found in six fish species from eight sites, demonstrating its widespread nature within Michigan.
C1 [Diamanka, A.; Loch, T. P.; Faisal, M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pathobiol & Diagnost Invest, Coll Vet Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Cipriano, R. C.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, Kearneysville, WV USA.
[Faisal, M.] Michigan State Univ, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Faisal, M (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, 174 Food Safety & Toxicol Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM Faisal@cvm.msu.edu
FU Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation; United States Department of
Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS)
[10-9100-1293-GR]
FX The authors would like to thank the Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans
Foundation for funding AD and the United States Department of
Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS;
10-9100-1293-GR) for the financial support to MF, as well as the
Michigan Department of Natural Resources for guidance and assistance
with sample collection. We would like also to thank Jeannette Kanefsky
for her technical assistance and the referees for their constructive
comments.
NR 64
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0140-7775
EI 1365-2761
J9 J FISH DIS
JI J. Fish Dis.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 11
BP 949
EP 963
DI 10.1111/jfd.12092
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 233AM
UT WOS:000325536400005
PM 23444966
ER
PT J
AU Olsen, AH
Porter, KA
AF Olsen, Anna H.
Porter, Keith A.
TI Storm Surge to Demand Surge: Exploratory Study of Hurricanes, Labor
Wages, and Material Prices
SO NATURAL HAZARDS REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Damage; Costs; Demand surge; Monetary losses; Disaster reconstruction;
Insurance
AB Demand surge is understood to be a socioeconomic phenomenon associated with large-scale natural disasters. It is most commonly explained as higher repair costs resulting from higher labor wages and material prices after a large- versus small-scale disaster. This paper explores this explanation by developing quantitative models for the relative cost change of sets of repairs to residential and commercial properties damaged by Atlantic hurricanes in the southeast mainland United States. Cost data from 2002-2010 show that changes in the labor component drive the changes in total repair costs and that cost changes can vary notably by year and less so by geographic region. A series of multilevel regression models is then proposed to predict the relative cost changes by considering several combinations of the following explanatory variables: the largest wind speed at a city in a hurricane season; the number of tropical storms passing near a city in a hurricane season; and relative cost changes in the first two quarters of the year. For commercial properties in Florida, the data are sufficient to develop models with only linear and interacting explanatory variables. These models, however, show a large uncertainty in expected cost changes and a systematic underprediction for larger cost changes. For residential properties in Florida and both residential and commercial properties in other states on the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts, either the data are insufficient to develop robust models or a more complex model must be proposed for relative cost changes at these property types.
C1 [Olsen, Anna H.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Porter, Keith A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Olsen, AH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 25046,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM aolsen@alumni.caltech.edu; keith.porter@colorado.edu
FU Willis Group Holdings Limited through the Willis Research Network
FX This work was sponsored by Willis Group Holdings Limited through the
Willis Research Network. James Done provided helpful guidance on
understanding the Holland Wind Profile and applying it to tropical
storms. The authors also appreciate the suggestion of Chris Olsen to use
multilevel regression to model the available data. Finally, the authors
thank James Dewey, Nilesh Shome, and three anonymous reviewers for their
comments, which greatly improved this paper.
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1527-6988
EI 1527-6996
J9 NAT HAZARDS REV
JI Nat. Hazards Rev.
PD NOV 1
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 4
BP 247
EP 257
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000111
PG 11
WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Studies; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA 234KM
UT WOS:000325642500005
ER
PT J
AU Nielsen, JL
Ruggerone, GT
Zimmerman, CE
AF Nielsen, Jennifer L.
Ruggerone, Gregory T.
Zimmerman, Christian E.
TI Adaptive strategies and life history characteristics in a warming
climate: Salmon in the Arctic?
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Salmon; Arctic; Climate change; Range expansion; Ocean condition;
Freshwater habitat; Colonization
ID JUVENILE ATLANTIC SALMON; FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS; FALL CHINOOK SALMON;
BERING-SEA SHELF; COD GADUS-MORHUA; STEELHEAD ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS;
RETROSPECTIVE GROWTH ANALYSIS; MICROSATELLITE DNA VARIATION; CAPELIN
MALLOTUS-VILLOSUS; NEWLY ACCESSIBLE HABITAT
AB In the warming Arctic, aquatic habitats are in flux and salmon are exploring their options. Adult Pacific salmon, including sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka), coho (O. kisutch), Chinook (O. tshawytscha), pink (O. gorbuscha) and chum (O. keta) have been captured throughout the Arctic. Pink and chum salmon are the most common species found in the Arctic today. These species are less dependent on freshwater habitats as juveniles and grow quickly in marine habitats. Putative spawning populations are rare in the North American Arctic and limited to pink salmon in drainages north of Point Hope, Alaska, chum salmon spawning rivers draining to the northwestern Beaufort Sea, and small populations of chum and pink salmon in Canada's Mackenzie River. Pacific salmon have colonized several large river basins draining to the Kara, Laptev and East Siberian seas in the Russian Arctic. These populations probably developed from hatchery supplementation efforts in the 1960's. Hundreds of populations of Arctic Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are found in Russia, Norway and Finland. Atlantic salmon have extended their range eastward as far as the Kara Sea in central Russian. A small native population of Atlantic salmon is found in Canada's Ungava Bay. The northern tip of Quebec seems to be an Atlantic salmon migration barrier for other North American stocks. Compatibility between life history requirements and ecological conditions are prerequisite for salmon colonizing Arctic habitats. Broad-scale predictive models of climate change in the Arctic give little information about feedback processes contributing to local conditions, especially in freshwater systems. This paper reviews the recent history of salmon in the Arctic and explores various patterns of climate change that may influence range expansions and future sustainability of salmon in Arctic habitats. A summary of the research needs that will allow informed expectation of further Arctic colonization by salmon is given.
C1 [Nielsen, Jennifer L.] South Sound Marine Inst, Longbranch, WA 98351 USA.
[Ruggerone, Gregory T.] Nat Resources Consultants Inc, Seattle, WA 98119 USA.
[Zimmerman, Christian E.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Nielsen, JL (reprint author), South Sound Marine Inst, 5817 Yeazell Rd KPS, Longbranch, WA 98351 USA.
EM jlnielsen3@me.com
OI Zimmerman, Christian/0000-0002-3646-0688
FU U. S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
FX We thank the organizers of the 2010 PICES International Symposium on
Climate Change Effects on Fish and Fisheries in Sendai, Japan for the
opportunity to organize our thoughts on this topic. The paper was much
improved by reviews from Kevin Friedland, Lyman Thorsteinsen, two
anonymous reviewers, and the journal's editorial staff. Funding was
partially provided by the U. S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science
Center. Mention of trade names does not imply US Government endorsement.
NR 471
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Z9 17
U1 5
U2 121
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 96
IS 10-11
SI SI
BP 1187
EP 1226
DI 10.1007/s10641-012-0082-6
PG 40
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 220DA
UT WOS:000324559700005
ER
PT J
AU Brumbaugh, WG
Tillitt, DE
May, TW
Javzan, C
Komov, VT
AF Brumbaugh, W. G.
Tillitt, D. E.
May, T. W.
Javzan, Ch.
Komov, V. T.
TI Environmental survey in the Tuul and Orkhon River basins of
north-central Mongolia, 2010: metals and other elements in streambed
sediment and floodplain soil
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Mongolia; Sediment; Soil; Metals; XRF; ICPMS
ID GUIDELINES
AB Streambed sediment and subsurface floodplain soil were sampled for elemental analyses from 15 locations in river basins of north-central Mongolia during August 2010. Our primary objective was to conduct a reconnaissance-level assessment of potential inputs of toxicologically important metals and metalloids to Lake Baikal, Russia, that might originate from mining and urban activities within tributaries of the Selenga River in Mongolia. Samples were collected in triplicate from all sites, then dried, and sieved to < 2 mm for analysis by portable X-ray florescence spectroscopy and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after digestion with concentrated nitric and hydrochloric acids. Arsenic, copper, and mercury were greatly elevated in sediment and floodplain soil collected from tributary streams located near two major mining operations. Lead and zinc were moderately elevated in streambed sediment and in floodplain soil obtained from a small tributary in the capital city of Ulaanbaatar, but those concentrations were considerably less than probable effects benchmarks. Historical and possibly present mining activities have led to considerable metal contamination in certain tributaries of the Orkhon River in north-central Mongolia; however, metals originating from those sources did not appear to be accumulating in sediments at our downstream-most sampling sites located near the border between Mongolia and Russia.
C1 [Brumbaugh, W. G.; Tillitt, D. E.; May, T. W.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Javzan, Ch.] Mongolian Acad Sci, Inst GeoEcol, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep.
[Komov, V. T.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biol Inland Waters, Yaroslavl, Russia.
RP Brumbaugh, WG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov
RI Komov, Viktor/O-8916-2015
OI Komov, Viktor/0000-0001-9124-7428
NR 22
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U1 3
U2 30
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 185
IS 11
BP 8991
EP 9008
DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3229-9
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 227MF
UT WOS:000325116500017
PM 23685928
ER
PT J
AU Custer, TW
Dummer, PM
Custer, CM
Warburton, D
AF Custer, Thomas W.
Dummer, Paul M.
Custer, Christine M.
Warburton, David
TI Dredging and contaminant exposure to tree swallows nesting on the upper
Mississippi River
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Dredging; Elements; PCBs; Mercury; Tree swallows; Mississippi River
ID HEAVY-METAL ACCUMULATION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; TACHYCINETA-BICOLOR;
USA; TRENDS; EGGS; DIET; MERCURY; HARBOR; BIRDS
AB In 2008 and 2009, dredge material from the Mississippi River in Pool 8 south of Brownsville, Minnesota was used to construct nearby islands. Chemical analysis of sediment in 2001 and 2002 in the area to be dredged indicated detectable concentrations of organic and inorganic contaminants. Tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), whose diet is mainly aquatic invertebrates, were used to evaluate contaminant exposure in both the dredged and newly created habitat. Organic and inorganic contaminant data were collected from tree swallows in 2007 through 2010 at one study site near the dredging operation, a reference study site upriver from the dredging activity, one study site down river from the dredging activity, and one study site on a newly created island (2009 and 2010 only). Organic and element concentrations were at background levels in all samples. Polychlorinated biphenyl and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene concentrations in tree swallow nestlings decreased at all study sites over the period 2007 to 2010 including the island study site between 2009 and 2010. Element concentrations in tree swallow livers for the non-island study sites did not show a trend among years in relation to the dredging. Selenium concentrations at the newly created island were higher and cadmium concentrations were lower in 2010 than 2009. Hatching success of eggs in successful nests was not associated with dredging activities.
C1 [Custer, Thomas W.; Dummer, Paul M.; Custer, Christine M.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Warburton, David] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bloomington, MN 55425 USA.
RP Custer, TW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM tcuster@usgs.gov
OI Custer, Thomas/0000-0003-3170-6519
FU On-Refuge Contaminants Investigations of the US Fish and Wildlife
Service
FX We thank Dwayne Houdek for logistical assistance; Pete Boma, Jennifer
Herner-Thogmartin, and Max Weber for field assistance; the Iowa, Chicago
and Eastern Railroad for permission to work on their property; and the
Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge for permission
to work on their property. This study was funded through On-Refuge
Contaminants Investigations of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use
of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 185
IS 11
BP 9043
EP 9053
DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3234-z
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 227MF
UT WOS:000325116500021
PM 23666121
ER
PT J
AU Mast, MA
AF Mast, M. Alisa
TI Evaluation of stream chemistry trends in US Geological Survey reference
watersheds, 1970-2010
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrologic Benchmark Network; Trends; Stream chemistry; Atmospheric
deposition; Climate
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NEW-YORK; QUALITY; BASINS;
PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; DEPOSITION; DISCHARGE; WETLAND
AB The Hydrologic Benchmark Network (HBN) is a long-term monitoring program established by the US Geological Survey in the 1960s to track changes in the streamflow and stream chemistry in undeveloped watersheds across the USA. Trends in stream chemistry were tested at 15 HBN stations over two periods (1970-2010 and 1990-2010) using the parametric Load Estimator (LOADEST) model and the nonparametric seasonal Kendall test. Trends in annual streamflow and precipitation chemistry also were tested to help identify likely drivers of changes in stream chemistry. At stations in the northeastern USA, there were significant declines in stream sulfate, which were consistent with declines in sulfate deposition resulting from the reductions in SO2 emissions mandated under the Clean Air Act Amendments. Sulfate declines in stream water were smaller than declines in deposition suggesting sulfate may be accumulating in watershed soils and thereby delaying the stream response to improvements in deposition. Trends in stream chemistry at stations in other part of the country generally were attributed to climate variability or land disturbance. Despite declines in sulfate deposition, increasing stream sulfate was observed at several stations and appeared to be linked to periods of drought or declining streamflow. Falling water tables might have enhanced oxidation of organic matter in wetlands or pyrite in mineralized bedrock thereby increasing sulfate export in surface water. Increasing sulfate and nitrate at a station in the western USA were attributed to release of soluble salts and nutrients from soils following a large wildfire in the watershed.
C1 US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Mast, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM mamast@usgs.gov
FU Hydrologic Network and Analysis Program of the US Geological Survey
FX This work was supported by the Hydrologic Network and Analysis Program
of the US Geological Survey. Special thanks to Jenn Moore, Colorado
Mountain College, for assistance with data compilation and trend
analysis. The authors also thank Mike McHale and two anonymous reviewers
for their helpful comments on the manuscript.
NR 44
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 185
IS 11
BP 9343
EP 9359
DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3256-6
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 227MF
UT WOS:000325116500043
PM 23715732
ER
PT J
AU Enright, C
Culberson, SD
Burau, JR
AF Enright, Christopher
Culberson, Steven D.
Burau, Jon R.
TI Broad Timescale Forcing and Geomorphic Mediation of Tidal Marsh Flow and
Temperature Dynamics
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Tidal marsh; Water temperature; Tidal harmonics; Geomorphology;
Hydroperiod
ID SALT-MARSH; ENERGY-FLOW; SHALLOW; SEDIMENT; ESTUARY; WATER; CIRCULATION;
ECOSYSTEMS; ASYMMETRY; LANDSCAPE
AB Tidal marsh functions are driven by interactions between tides, landscape morphology, and emergent vegetation. Less often considered are the diurnal pattern of tide extremes and seasonal variation of solar insolation in the mix of tidal marsh driver interactions. This work demonstrates how high-frequency hydroperiod and water temperature variability emerges from disparate timescale interactions between tidal marsh morphology, tidal harmonics, and meteorology in the San Francisco Estuary. We compare the tidal and residual flow and temperature response of neighboring tidal sloughs, one possessing natural tidal marsh morphology, and one that is modified for water control. We show that the natural tidal marsh is tuned to lunar phase and produces tidal and fortnight water temperature variability through interacting tide, meteorology, and geomorphic linkages. In contrast, temperature variability is dampened in the modified slough where overbank marsh plain connection is severed by levees. Despite geomorphic differences, a key finding is that both sloughs are heat sinks in summer by latent heat flux-driven residual upstream water advection and sensible and long-wave heat transfer. The precession of a 335-year tidal harmonic assures that these dynamics will shift in the future. Water temperature regulation appears to be a key function of natural tidal sloughs that depends critically on geomorphic mediation. We investigate approaches to untangling the relative influence of sun versus tide on residual water and temperature transport as a function of system morphology. The findings of this study likely have ecological consequences and suggest physical process metrics for tidal marsh restoration performance.
C1 [Enright, Christopher] Calif Delta Stewardship Council, Delta Sci Program, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Culberson, Steven D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Burau, Jon R.] US Geol Survey, West Sacramento, CA USA.
RP Enright, C (reprint author), Calif Delta Stewardship Council, Delta Sci Program, 980 9th St, Sacramento, CA USA.
EM cenright@deltacouncil.ca.gov
FU Interagency Ecological Program
FX Thanks to two anonymous reviewers for comments that improved the paper.
One reviewer in particular exemplified the spirit of scientific peer
review by offering an extremely careful and thoughtful appraisal which
greatly clarified the manuscript. We are humbled and honored by the
depth of consideration. Thanks to Curt Battenfeld, Angelo Garcia and
Randy Smith for capable field assistance. Thanks to the Interagency
Ecological Program for bridge funding.
NR 52
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U1 0
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 6
BP 1319
EP 1339
DI 10.1007/s12237-013-9639-7
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 227GP
UT WOS:000325099900017
ER
PT J
AU Hossack, BR
Lowe, WH
Webb, MAH
Talbott, MJ
Kappenman, KM
Corn, PS
AF Hossack, Blake R.
Lowe, Winsor H.
Webb, Molly A. H.
Talbott, Mariah J.
Kappenman, Kevin M.
Corn, Paul Stephen
TI Population-level thermal performance of a cold-water ectotherm is linked
to ontogeny and local environmental heterogeneity
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE acclimation; adaptation; amphibian; climate change; development
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ASCAPHUS-TRUEI; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; STREAM
TEMPERATURE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; TAILED FROG; ADAPTATION; AMPHIBIANS;
TOLERANCE; RESPONSES
AB Negative effects of global warming are predicted to be most severe for species that occupy a narrow range of temperatures, have limited dispersal abilities or have long generation times. These are characteristics typical of many species that occupy small, cold streams. Habitat use, vulnerabilities and mechanisms for coping with local conditions can differ among populations and ontogenetically within populations, potentially affecting species-level responses to climate change. However, we still have little knowledge of mean thermal performance for many vertebrates, let alone variation in performance among populations. Assessment of these sources of variation in thermal performance is critical for projecting the effects of climate change on species and for identifying management strategies to ameliorate its effects. To gauge how populations of the Rocky Mountain tailed frog (Ascaphus montanus) might respond to long-term effects of climate change, we measured the ability of tadpoles from six populations in Glacier National Park (Montana, U.S.A.) to acclimate to a range of temperatures. We compared survival among populations according to tadpole age (1year or 2years) and according to the mean and variance of late-summer temperatures in natal streams. The ability of tadpoles to acclimate to warm temperatures increased with age and with variance in late-summer temperature of natal streams. Moreover, performance differed among populations from the same catchment. Our experiments with a cold-water species show that population-level performance varies across small geographic scales and is linked to local environmental heterogeneity. This variation could influence the rate and mode of species-level responses to climate change, both by facilitating local persistence in the face of changes in thermal conditions and by providing thermally tolerant colonists to neighbouring populations.
C1 [Hossack, Blake R.; Corn, Paul Stephen] US Geol Survey, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Lowe, Winsor H.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Webb, Molly A. H.; Talbott, Mariah J.; Kappenman, Kevin M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA.
RP Hossack, BR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 790 East Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
EM blake_hossack@usgs.gov
RI Brooks, Katya/J-4975-2014
FU USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI); USGS
Park-Oriented Biological Support (POBS)
FX We thank C. Fraser, J. Ilgen and M. Toner for help in the laboratory; K.
Honeycutt, P. Scarr, N. Muhn and C. Doman field assistance; and D.
Affleck and C. Hollimon for advice on the analysis. Comments by A.
Woods, N. Nelson, C. Muhlfeld, R. Muth, two anonymous reviewers and C.
Townsend improved the manuscript. This research was conducted in
accordance with the Animal Welfare Act and its amendments and was funded
by the USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI) and a
USGS Park-Oriented Biological Support (POBS) grant. Any use of trade,
product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions
in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily
represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. This
manuscript is ARMI contribution no. 451.
NR 55
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U1 4
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 11
BP 2215
EP 2225
DI 10.1111/fwb.12202
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 228AF
UT WOS:000325156400001
ER
PT J
AU Browning, MHEM
Marion, JL
Gregoire, TG
AF Browning, Matthew H. E. M.
Marion, Jeffrey L.
Gregoire, Timothy G.
TI Sustainably connecting children with nature - An exploratory study of
nature play area visitor impacts and their management
SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE Nature play area; Impact assessment; Land management; Recreation;
Children; Play
ID WILDERNESS CAMPSITES; RECREATION IMPACTS; BEHAVIOR; SEX
AB Parks are developing nature play areas to improve children's health and "connect" them with nature. However, these play areas are often located in protected natural areas where managers must balance recreation with associated environmental impacts. In this exploratory study, we sought to describe these impacts. We also investigated which ages, gender, and play group sizes most frequently caused impact and where impacts most frequently occur.
We measured the lineal and aerial extent and severity of impacts at three play areas in the eastern United States. Methods included soil and vegetation loss calculations, qualitative searches and tree and shrub damage classifications. Additionally, we observed 12 h of play at five play areas. Results showed that measurable negative impacts were caused during 33% of the time children play. On average, 76% of groundcover vegetation was lost at recreation sites and 100% was lost at informal trails. In addition, approximately half of all trees and shrubs at sites were damaged. Meanwhile, soil exposure was 25% greater on sites and trails than at controls. Boys and small group sizes more frequently caused impact, and informal recreation sites were most commonly used for play. No statistically significant correlations were found between age or location and impact frequency.
Managers interested in developing nature play areas should be aware of, but not deterred by these impacts. The societal benefits of unstructured play in nature may outweigh the environmental costs. Recommended management strategies include selecting impact-resistant sites, improving site resistance, promoting low impact practices, and managing adaptively. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Browning, Matthew H. E. M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Marion, Jeffrey L.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Gregoire, Timothy G.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
RP Browning, MHEM (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, 313 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM matt.mutel.browning@gmail.com; jmarion@vt.edu; timothy.gregoire@yale.edu
RI Browning, Matthew/D-2111-2014
OI Browning, Matthew/0000-0003-2296-7602
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-2046
J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN
JI Landsc. Urban Plan.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 119
BP 104
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.07.004
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban
Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban
Studies
GA 228OO
UT WOS:000325196300011
ER
PT J
AU Ryu, BJ
Collett, TS
Riedel, M
Kim, GY
Chun, JH
Bahk, JJ
Lee, JY
Kim, JH
Yoo, DG
AF Ryu, Byong-Jae
Collett, Timothy S.
Riedel, Michael
Kim, Gil Young
Chun, Jong-Hwa
Bahk, Jang-Jun
Lee, Joo Yong
Kim, Ji-Hoon
Yoo, Dong-Geun
TI Scientific results of the Second Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition in the
Ulleung Basin (UBGH2)
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrate; Second Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition
(UBGH2); Turbidite; Logging-while-drilling/Measurements-while-drilling
(LWD/MWD); Coring
ID EAST SEA; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; KOREA
AB As a part of Korean National Gas Hydrate Program, the Second Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition (UBGH2) was conducted from 9 July to 30 September, 2010 in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, offshore Korea using the D/V Fugro Synergy. The UBGH2 was performed to understand the distribution of gas hydrates as required for a resource assessment and to find potential candidate sites suitable for a future offshore production test, especially targeting gas hydrate-bearing sand bodies in the basin. The UBGH2 sites were distributed across most of the basin and were selected to target mainly sand-rich turbidite deposits. The 84-day long expedition consisted of two phases. The first phase included logging-while-drilling/measurements-while-drilling (LWD/MWD) operations at 13 sites. During the second phase, sediment cores were collected from 18 holes at 10 of the 13 LWD/MWD sites. Wireline logging (WL) and vertical seismic profile (VSP) data were also acquired after coring operations at two of these 10 sites. In addition, seafloor visual observation, methane sensing, as well as push-coring and sampling using a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) were conducted during both phases of the expedition. Recovered gas hydrates occurred either as pore-filling medium associated with discrete turbidite sand layers, or as fracture-filling veins and nodules in muddy sediments. Gas analyses indicated that the methane within the sampled gas hydrates is primarily of biogenic origin.
This paper provides a summary of the operational and scientific results of the UBGH2 expedition as described in 24 papers that make up this special issue of the Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ryu, Byong-Jae; Kim, Gil Young; Chun, Jong-Hwa; Bahk, Jang-Jun; Lee, Joo Yong; Kim, Ji-Hoon; Yoo, Dong-Geun] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Petr & Marine Resources Res Div, Taejon 305350, South Korea.
[Collett, Timothy S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Energy Resources Program, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Riedel, Michael] Nat Resources Canada, Geol Survey Canada Pacific, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
RP Ryu, BJ (reprint author), Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Petr & Marine Resources Res Div, 124 Gwahang No, Taejon 305350, South Korea.
EM bjryu@kigam.re.kr
OI Kim, Ji-Hoon/0000-0003-2430-3869
FU Gas Hydrate Research and Development Organization (GHDO) of the Ministry
of Trade, Industry and Energy (MOTIE), Republic of Korea; Korea
Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources; Korea National Oil
Corporation; Korea Gas Corporation; Korea Ocean Research and Development
Institute; Hanyang University; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology; U.S. Geological Survey; Geological Survey of Canada; Oregon
State University; Geotek; Schlumberger; Fugro Well Services
FX The authors wish to thank those that contributed to the success of the
Second Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition in the Ulleung Basin (UBGH2).
Notably we wish to thank the co-chief scientists, the captains, crew and
shipboard scientific party of the D/V Fugro Synergy. We also wish to
acknowledge the support of the Gas Hydrate Research and Development
Organization (GHDO) of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy
(MOTIE), Republic of Korea. Special appreciation is extended to Korea
Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Korea National Oil
Corporation, Korea Gas Corporation, Korea Ocean Research and Development
Institute, Hanyang University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology, U.S. Geological Survey, Geological Survey of Canada, Oregon
State University, Geotek, Schlumberger, and Fugro Well Services who
supported and participated in the 2010 UBGH2 drilling campaign.
NR 91
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 47
BP 1
EP 20
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.07.007
PG 20
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 224PB
UT WOS:000324899500001
ER
PT J
AU Bahk, JJ
Kim, GY
Chun, JH
Kim, JH
Lee, JY
Ryu, BJ
Lee, JH
Son, BK
Collett, TS
AF Bahk, J. -J.
Kim, G. -Y.
Chun, J. -H.
Kim, J. -H.
Lee, J. Y.
Ryu, B. -J.
Lee, J. -H.
Son, B. -K.
Collett, T. S.
TI Characterization of gas hydrate reservoirs by integration of core and
log data in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrate; Sedimentary fades; Logging-while-drilling; Ulleung Basin;
East Sea
ID LATE QUATERNARY SEDIMENTATION; GULF-OF-MEXICO; JAPAN SEA;
CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; INTERPLAIN GAP; SLOPE; KOREA;
TURBIDITE; EVOLUTION
AB Examinations of core and well-log data from the Second Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition (UBGH2) drill sites suggest that Sites UBGH2-2_2 and UBGH2-6 have relatively good gas hydrate reservoir quality in terms of individual and total cumulative thicknesses of gas-hydrate-bearing sand (HYBS) beds. In both of the sites, core sediments are generally dominated by hemipelagic muds which are intercalated with turbidite sands. The turbidite sands are usually thin-to-medium bedded and mainly consist of well sorted coarse silt to fine sand. Anomalies in infrared core temperatures and porewater chlorinity data and pressure core measurements indicate that "gas hydrate occurrence zones" (GHOZ) are present about 68-155 mbsf at Site UBGH2-2_2 and 110-155 mbsf at Site UBGH2-6. In both the GHOZ, gas hydrates are preferentially associated with many of the turbidite sands as "pore-filling" type hydrates. The HYBS identified in the cores from Site UBGH2-6 are medium-to-thick bedded particularly in the lower part of the GHOZ and well coincident with significant high excursions in all of the resistivity, density, and velocity logs. Gas-hydrate saturations in the HYBS range from 12% to 79% with an average of 52% based on pore-water chlorinity. In contrast, the HYBS from Site UBGH2-2_2 are usually thin-bedded and show poor correlations with both of the resistivity and velocity logs owing to volume averaging effects of the logging tools on the thin HYBS beds. Gas-hydrate saturations in the HYBS range from 15% to 65% with an average of 37% based on pore-water chlorinity. In both of the sites, large fluctuations in biogenic opal contents have significant effects on the sediment physical properties, resulting in limited usage of gamma ray and density logs in discriminating sand reservoirs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bahk, J. -J.; Kim, G. -Y.; Chun, J. -H.; Kim, J. -H.; Lee, J. Y.; Ryu, B. -J.; Lee, J. -H.; Son, B. -K.] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Petr & Marine Res Div, Taejon 305350, South Korea.
[Collett, T. S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Bahk, JJ (reprint author), Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Petr & Marine Res Div, Taejon 305350, South Korea.
EM jjbahk@kigam.re.kr
OI Kim, Ji-Hoon/0000-0003-2430-3869
FU Gas Hydrate Research and Development Organization (GHDO) of the Ministry
of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea; Korea Institute of
Geoscience and Mineral Resources; Korea National Oil Corporation; Korea
Gas Corporation; Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute; Han
Yang University; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology;
U.S. Geological Survey; Oregon State University; Geotek; Schlumberger;
Fugro Well Services
FX The authors wish to thank those that contributed to the success of the
Second Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition (UBGH2). Notably we
wish to thank the co-chief scientists, the captains, crew and shipboard
scientific party of the D/V Fugro Synergy. We also wish to acknowledge
the support of the Gas Hydrate Research and Development Organization
(GHDO) of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea.
Special appreciation is extended to Korea Institute of Geoscience and
Mineral Resources, Korea National Oil Corporation, Korea Gas
Corporation, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Han Yang
University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, U.S.
Geological Survey, Oregon State University, Geotek, Schlumberger, and
Fugro Well Services who supported and participated in the 2010 UBGH2
drilling campaign.
NR 59
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U1 2
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 47
BP 30
EP 42
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.05.007
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 224PB
UT WOS:000324899500003
ER
PT J
AU Lee, MW
Collett, TS
AF Lee, M. W.
Collett, T. S.
TI Characteristics and interpretation of fracture-filled gas hydrate - An
example from the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fractured reservoir; Anisotropic analysis; Gas hydrate; Inversion;
Ulleung Basin
ID WAVE VELOCITY; SEDIMENTS
AB Through the use of 2-D and 3-D seismic data, a total of thirteen sites were selected and drilled in the East Sea of Korea in 2010. A suite of logging-while-drilling (LWD) logs was acquired at each site. LWD logs from the UBGH2-3A well indicate significant gas hydrate in clay-bearing sediments including several zones with massive gas hydrate with a bulk density less than 1.0 g/m(3) for depths between 5 and 103 m below the sea floor. The UBGH2-3A well was drilled on a seismically identified chimney structure with a mound feature at the sea floor. Average gas hydrate saturations estimated from the isotropic analysis of ring resistivity and P-wave velocity logs are 80 +/- 13% and 47 +/- 16%, respectively, whereas they are 46 +/- 17% and 45 +/- 16%, respectively from the anisotropic analysis. Modeling indicates that the upper part of chimney (between 5 and 45 m below sea floor [mbsf]) is characterized by gas hydrate filling near horizontal fractures (7 degrees dip) and the lower part of chimney (between 45 and 103 mbsf) is characterized by gas hydrate filling high angle fractures on the basis of ring resistivity and P-wave velocity. The anisotropic analysis using P40H resistivity (phase shift resistivity at 32 mHz with 40 inch spacing) and the P-wave velocity yields a gas hydrate saturation of 46 +/- 15% and 46 +/- 15% respectively, similar to those estimated using ring resistivity and P-wave velocity, but with quite different fracture dip angles. Differences in vertical resolution, depth of investigation, and a finite fracture dimension relative to the tool separation appear to contribute to this discrepancy. Forward modeling of anisotropic resistivity and velocity are essential to identify gas hydrate in fractures and to estimate accurate gas hydrate amounts. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Lee, M. W.; Collett, T. S.] US Geol Survey, Cent Energy Team, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Lee, MW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cent Energy Team, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS-939, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM mlee@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Energy Resources Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey; Gas Hydrate Research and Development Organization
(K-GHDO) of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of
Korea; Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources; Korea
National Oil Corporation; Korea Gas Corporation; Korea Ocean Research
and Development Institute; Hanyang University; Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology; U.S. Geological Survey; Oregon State
University; Geotek; Schlumberger; Fugro Well Services
FX We thank Warren Agena and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful
comments and suggestions. This work was funded by the U.S. Department of
Energy and the Energy Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey.
The authors wish to thank those that contributed to the success of the
Second Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition in the Ulleung Basin (UBGH2).
Notably we wish to thank the co-chief scientists, the captains, crew and
shipboard scientific party of the D/V Fugro Synergy. We also wish to
acknowledge the support of the Gas Hydrate Research and Development
Organization (K-GHDO) of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy,
Republic of Korea. Special appreciation is extended to Korea Institute
of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Korea National Oil Corporation,
Korea Gas Corporation, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute,
Hanyang University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,
U.S. Geological Survey, Oregon State University, Geotek, Schlumberger,
and Fugro Well Services who supported and participated in the 2010 UBGH2
drilling campaign. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for
descriptive purpose only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 47
BP 168
EP 181
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.09.003
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 224PB
UT WOS:000324899500015
ER
PT J
AU Lee, MW
Collett, TS
AF Lee, M. W.
Collett, T. S.
TI Scale-dependent gas hydrate saturation estimates in sand reservoirs in
the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Vertical resolution; Gas hydrate estimates; Ulleung Basin; Scale
ID ELASTIC PROPERTIES; BEARING SEDIMENTS; WAVE VELOCITY; WELL
AB Through the use of 2-D and 3-D seismic data, several gas hydrate prospects were identified in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea and thirteen drill sites were established and logging-while-drilling (LWD) data were acquired from each site in 2010. Sites UBGH2-6 and UBGH2-10 were selected to test a series of high amplitude seismic reflections, possibly from sand reservoirs. LWD logs from the UBGH2-6 well indicate that there are three significant sand reservoirs with varying thickness. Two upper sand reservoirs are water saturated and the lower thinly bedded sand reservoir contains gas hydrate with an average saturation of 13%, as estimated from the P-wave velocity. The well logs at the UBGH2-6 well clearly demonstrated the effect of scale-dependency on gas hydrate saturation estimates. Gas hydrate saturations estimated from the high resolution LWD acquired ring resistivity (vertical resolution of about 5-8 cm) reaches about 90% with an average saturation of 28%, whereas gas hydrate saturations estimated from the low resolution A40L resistivity (vertical resolution of about 120 cm) reaches about 25% with an average saturation of 11%. However, in the UBGH2-10 well, gas hydrate occupies a 5-m thick sand reservoir near 135 mbsf with a maximum saturation of about 60%. In the UBGH2-10 well, the average and a maximum saturation estimated from various well logging tools are comparable, because the bed thickness is larger than the vertical resolution of the various logging tools. High resolution wireline log data further document the role of scale-dependency on gas hydrate calculations. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Lee, M. W.; Collett, T. S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Lee, MW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS-939, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM mlee@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Energy Resources Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey; Gas Hydrate Research and Development Organization
(K-GHDO) of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of
Korea; Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources; Korea
National Oil Corporation; Korea Gas Corporation; Korea Ocean Research
and Development Institute; Hanyang University; Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology; U.S. Geological Survey; Oregon State
University; Geotek; Schlumberger; Fugro Well Services
FX The authors thank J. Miller and two anonymous reviewers for their
helpful comments and suggestions. This work was funded by the U.S.
Department of Energy and the Energy Resources Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey. The authors wish to thank those that contributed to
the success of the Second Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition in the Ulleung
Basin (UBGH2). Notably we wish to thank the co-chief scientists, the
captains, crew and shipboard scientific party of the D/V Fugro Synergy.
We also wish to acknowledge the support of the Gas Hydrate Research and
Development Organization (K-GHDO) of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and
Energy, Republic of Korea. Special appreciation is extended to Korea
Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Korea National Oil
Corporation, Korea Gas Corporation, Korea Ocean Research and Development
Institute, Hanyang University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology, U.S. Geological Survey, Oregon State University, Geotek,
Schlumberger, and Fugro Well Services who supported and participated in
the 2010 UBGH2 drilling campaign. Any use of trade, product or firm
names is for descriptive purpose only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 47
BP 195
EP 203
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.09.004
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 224PB
UT WOS:000324899500017
ER
PT J
AU Riedel, M
Collett, TS
Kim, HS
Bahk, JJ
Kim, JH
Ryu, BJ
Kim, GY
AF Riedel, Michael
Collett, T. S.
Kim, H. -S.
Bahk, J-J
Kim, J. -H.
Ryu, B. -J.
Kim, G. Y.
TI Large-scale depositional characteristics of the Ulleung Basin and its
impact on electrical resistivity and Archie-parameters for gas hydrate
saturation estimates
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrate concentration estimates; Electrical resistivity;
Logging-While-Drilling; Ulleung Basin; Biogenic opal; Diatomaceous
sediments
ID SEA JAPAN SEA; EAST SEA; SEISMIC STRATIGRAPHY
AB Gas hydrate saturation estimates were obtained from an Archie-analysis of the Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) electrical resistivity logs under consideration of the regional geological framework of sediment deposition in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, of Korea. Porosity was determined from the LWD bulk density log and core-derived values of grain density. In situ measurements of pore-fluid salinity as well as formation temperature define a background trend for pore-fluid resistivity at each drill site. The LWD data were used to define sets of empirical Archie-constants for different depth-intervals of the logged borehole at all sites drilled during the second Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition (UBGH2). A clustering of data with distinctly different trend-lines is evident in the cross-plot of porosity and formation factor for all sites drilled during UBGH2. The reason for the clustering is related to the difference between hemipelagic sediments (mostly covering the top similar to 100 mbsf) and mass-transport deposits (MTD) and/or the occurrence of biogenic opal. For sites located in the north-eastern portion of the Ulleung Basin a set of individual Archie-parameters for a shallow depth interval (hemipelagic) and a deeper MTD zone was achieved. The deeper zone shows typically higher resistivities for the same range of porosities seen in the upper zone, reflecting a shift in sediment properties. The presence of large amounts of biogenic opal (up to and often over 50% as defined by XRD data) was especially observed at Sites UBGH2-2_1 and UBGH2-2_2 (as well as UBGH1-9 from a previous drilling expedition in 2007). The boundary between these two zones can also easily be identified in gamma-ray logs, which also show unusually low readings in the opal-rich interval. Only by incorporating different Archie-parameters for the different zones a reasonable estimate of gas hydrate saturation was achieved that also matches results from other techniques such as pore-fluid freshening, velocity-based calculations, and pressure-core degassing experiments. Seismically, individual boundaries between zones were determined using a grid of regional 2D seismic data. Zoning from the Archie-analysis for sites in the south-western portion of the Ulleung Basin was also observed, but at these sites it is linked to individually stacked MTDs only and does not reflect a mineralogical occurrence of biogenic opal or hemipelagic sedimentation. The individual MTD events represent differently compacted material often associated with a strong decrease in porosity (and increase in density), warranting a separate set of empirical Archie-parameters. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Riedel, Michael; Kim, H. -S.] Geol Survey Canada, Nat Resources Canada, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
[Collett, T. S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Kim, H. -S.] Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Bahk, J-J; Kim, J. -H.; Ryu, B. -J.; Kim, G. Y.] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Taejon 305350, South Korea.
RP Riedel, M (reprint author), Geol Survey Canada, Nat Resources Canada, 9860 West Saanich Rd, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
EM mriedel@nrcan.gc.ca
FU Gas Hydrate Research and Development Organization (GHDO) of the Ministry
of Trade, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea; Korea Institute of
Geoscience and Mineral Resources; Korea National Oil Corporation; Korea
Gas Corporation; Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute; Han
Yang University; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology;
U.S. Geological Survey; Geological Survey of Canada; Oregon State
University; Geotek; Schlumberger; Fugro Well Services
FX The authors wish to thank those that contributed to the success of the
Second Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition in the Ulleung Basin (UBGH2).
Notably we wish to thank the co-chief scientists, the captains, crew and
shipboard scientific party of the D/V Fugro Synergy. We also wish to
acknowledge the support of the Gas Hydrate Research and Development
Organization (GHDO) of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy,
Republic of Korea. Special appreciation is extended to Korea Institute
of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Korea National Oil Corporation,
Korea Gas Corporation, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute,
Han Yang University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,
U.S. Geological Survey, Geological Survey of Canada, Oregon State
University, Geotek, Schlumberger, and Fugro Well Services who supported
and participated in the 2010 UBGH2 drilling campaign. This is Natural
Resources Canada, Earth Science Sector (ESS) contribution number
20120156.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 47
BP 222
EP 235
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.03.014
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 224PB
UT WOS:000324899500020
ER
PT J
AU Young, JS
Ammon, EM
Weisberg, PJ
Dilts, TE
Newton, WE
Wong-Kone, DC
Heki, LG
AF Young, Jock S.
Ammon, Elisabeth M.
Weisberg, Peter J.
Dilts, Thomas E.
Newton, Wesley E.
Wong-Kone, Diane C.
Heki, Lisa G.
TI Comparison of bird community indices for riparian restoration planning
and monitoring
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Birds; Community index; Great Basin; LiDAR; Riparian; Species richness
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; VEGETATION STRUCTURE; INDICATOR TAXA; ECOLOGICAL
INTEGRITY; HABITAT USE; CONSERVATION; LIDAR; ASSEMBLAGES; ECOSYSTEMS;
DIVERSITY
AB The use of a bird community index that characterizes ecosystem integrity is very attractive to conservation planners and habitat managers, particularly in the absence of any single focal species. In riparian areas of the western USA, several attempts at arriving at a community index signifying a functioning riparian bird community have been made previously, mostly resorting to expert opinions or national conservation rankings for species weights. Because extensive local and regional bird monitoring data were available for Nevada, we were able to develop three different indices that were derived empirically, rather than from expert opinion. We formally examined the use of three species weighting schemes in comparison with simple species richness, using different definitions of riparian species assemblage size, for the purpose of predicting community response to changes in vegetation structure from riparian restoration. For the three indices, species were weighted according to the following criteria: (1) the degree of riparian habitat specialization based on regional data, (2) the relative conservation ranking of landbird species, and (3) the degree to which a species is under-represented compared to the regional species pool for riparian areas. To evaluate the usefulness of these indices for habitat restoration planning and monitoring, we modeled them using habitat variables that are expected to respond to riparian restoration efforts, using data from 64 sampling sites in the Walker River Basin in Nevada and California. We found that none of the species-weighting schemes performed any better as an index for evaluating overall habitat condition than using species richness alone as a community index. Based on our findings, the use of a fairly complete list of 30-35 riparian specialists appears to be the best indicator group for predicting the response of bird communities to the restoration of riparian vegetation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Young, Jock S.; Ammon, Elisabeth M.] Great Basin Bird Observ, Reno, NV 89502 USA.
[Weisberg, Peter J.; Dilts, Thomas E.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Newton, Wesley E.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Wong-Kone, Diane C.] Otis Bay Ecol Consultants, Verdi, NV 89439 USA.
[Heki, Lisa G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Reno, NV 89502 USA.
RP Young, JS (reprint author), Great Basin Bird Observ, 1755 East Plumb Lane 256, Reno, NV 89502 USA.
EM young@gbbo.org
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Lahontan Fish Hatchery Complex
FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service Lahontan Fish Hatchery Complex. The findings and conclusions in
this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent
the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, which had no role in
the design or conduct of the research. We further thank Stephanie Byers,
Chad Gourley, and Lee Turner for assistance and project planning, and
Susan Mortensen for assistance with spatial data. Many outstanding field
observers collected the data. Mark Dixon and two anonymous reviewers
helped improve the manuscript.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 34
BP 159
EP 167
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.05.004
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 210UR
UT WOS:000323860700018
ER
PT J
AU Rigge, M
Wylie, B
Zhang, L
Boyte, SP
AF Rigge, Matthew
Wylie, Bruce
Zhang, Li
Boyte, Stephen P.
TI Influence of management and precipitation on carbon fluxes in great
plains grasslands
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Grasslands; Carbon balance; Net ecosystem productivity; Ecosystem
performance; Grazing; Phenology
ID ECOSYSTEM PERFORMANCE ANOMALIES; PLATTE RIVER-BASIN; UNITED-STATES;
MIXED-GRASS; SOIL CARBON; CO2 FLUX; RANGELANDS; SEQUESTRATION;
VEGETATION; DYNAMICS
AB Suitable management and sufficient precipitation on grasslands can provide carbon sinks. The net carbon accumulation of a site from the atmosphere, modeled as the Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP), is a useful means to gauge carbon balance. Previous research has developed methods to integrate flux tower data with satellite biophysical datasets to estimate NEP across large regions. A related method uses the Ecosystem Performance Anomaly (EPA) as a satellite-derived indicator of disturbance intensity (e.g., livestock stocking rate, fire, and insect damage). To better understand the interactions among management, climate, and carbon dynamics, we evaluated the relationship between EPA and NEP data at the 250 m scale for grasslands in the Central Great Plains, USA (ranging from semi-arid to mesic). We also used weekly estimates of NEP to evaluate the phenology of carbon dynamics, classified by EPA (i.e., by level of disturbance impact). Results show that the cumulative carbon balance over these grasslands from 2000 to 2008 was a weak net sink of 13.7 g C m(-2) yr(-1). Overall, NEP increased with precipitation (R-2 = 0.39, P < 0.05) from west to east. Disturbance influenced NEP phenology; however, climate and biophysical conditions were usually more important. The NEP response to disturbance varies by ecoregion, and more generally by grassland type, where the shortgrass prairie NEP is most sensitive to disturbance, the mixed-grass prairie displays a moderate response, and tallgrass prairie is the least impacted by disturbance (as measured by EPA). Sustainable management practices in the tallgrass and mixed-grass prairie may potentially induce a period of average net carbon sink until a new equilibrium soil organic carbon is achieved. In the shortgrass prairie, management should be considered sustainable if carbon stocks are simply maintained. The consideration of site carbon balance adds to the already difficult task of managing grasslands appropriately to site conditions. Results clarify the seasonal and interannual dynamics of NEP, specifically the influence of disturbance and moisture availability. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rigge, Matthew] Arctic Slope Reg Corp Res & Technol Solut, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Wylie, Bruce] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Zhang, Li] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Earth Observat & Digital Earth, Key Lab Digital Earth, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China.
[Boyte, Stephen P.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Rigge, M (reprint author), 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM mrigge@usgs.gov
RI Wylie, Bruce/H-3182-2014;
OI Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083; Rigge, Matthew/0000-0003-4471-8009;
Boyte, Stephen/0000-0002-5462-3225
FU USGS Climate and Land Use Research and Development Program; USGS Land
Change Science; USGS Climate Effects Network; USGS GD Biofuels Program
FX Research was funded by the USGS Climate and Land Use Research and
Development Program, USGS Land Change Science, USGS Climate Effects
Network, and USGS GD Biofuels Program. We acknowledge the Ameriflux
network and the USDA Agriflux network for providing flux tower data. We
also thank Norman Bliss, Larry Tieszen, Gregg Johnson, and two anonymous
reviews for their insightful comments.
NR 40
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U1 3
U2 91
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 34
BP 590
EP 599
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.06.028
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 210UR
UT WOS:000323860700062
ER
PT J
AU Aulenbach, BT
AF Aulenbach, Brent T.
TI Improving regression-model-based streamwater constituent load estimates
derived from serially correlated data
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Streamwater solute loads; Load methodology; Serial correlation;
Suspended sediment; Sample design; Water quality
ID SUSPENDED SEDIMENT CONCENTRATIONS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN;
GULF-OF-MEXICO; NUTRIENT LOADS; RATING CURVES; SAMPLING STRATEGIES;
WATER; FLUX; TRANSPORT; HYPOXIA
AB A regression-model based approach is a commonly used, efficient method for estimating streamwater constituent load when there is a relationship between streamwater constituent concentration and continuous variables such as streamwater discharge, season and time. A subsetting experiment using a 30-year dataset of daily suspended sediment observations from the Mississippi River at Thebes, Illinois, was performed to determine optimal sampling frequency, model calibration period length, and regression model methodology, as well as to determine the effect of serial correlation of model residuals on load estimate precision. Two regression-based methods were used to estimate streamwater loads, the Adjusted Maximum Likelihood Estimator (AMLE), and the composite method, a hybrid load estimation approach. While both methods accurately and precisely estimated loads at the model's calibration period time scale, precisions were progressively worse at shorter reporting periods, from annually to monthly. Serial correlation in model residuals resulted in observed AMLE precision to be significantly worse than the model calculated standard errors of prediction. The composite method effectively improved upon AMLE loads for shorter reporting periods, but required a sampling interval of at least 15-days or shorter, when the serial correlations in the observed load residuals were greater than 0.15. AMLE precision was better at shorter sampling intervals and when using the shortest model calibration periods, such that the regression models better fit the temporal changes in the concentration-discharge relationship. The models with the largest errors typically had poor high flow sampling coverage resulting in unrepresentative models. Increasing sampling frequency and/or targeted high flow sampling are more efficient approaches to ensure sufficient sampling and to avoid poorly performing models, than increasing calibration period length. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 US Geol Survey, Georgia Water Sci Ctr, Norcross, GA 30093 USA.
RP Aulenbach, BT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Georgia Water Sci Ctr, 1770 Corp Dr,Suite 500, Norcross, GA 30093 USA.
EM btaulenb@usgs.gov
RI Aulenbach, Brent/A-5848-2008
OI Aulenbach, Brent/0000-0003-2863-1288
NR 36
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD OCT 30
PY 2013
VL 503
BP 55
EP 66
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.09.001
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 264TH
UT WOS:000327903400006
ER
PT J
AU Wauthier, C
Roman, DC
Poland, MP
AF Wauthier, Christelle
Roman, Diana C.
Poland, Michael P.
TI Moderate-magnitude earthquakes induced by magma reservoir inflation at
Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTH FLANK; SLOW SLIP; SWARMS; SPACE; EAST; RIFT; SEISMICITY;
RELOCATION; INTRUSION; STRESS
AB Although volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes often occur in response to magma intrusion, it is rare for them to have magnitudes larger than similar to M4. On 24 May 2007, two shallow M4+ earthquakes occurred beneath the upper part of the east rift zone of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i. An integrated analysis of geodetic, seismic, and field data, together with Coulomb stress modeling, demonstrates that the earthquakes occurred due to strike-slip motion on pre-existing faults that bound Kilauea Caldera to the southeast and that the pressurization of Kilauea's summit magma system may have been sufficient to promote faulting. For the first time, we infer a plausible origin to generate rare moderate-magnitude VTs at Kilauea by reactivation of suitably oriented pre-existing caldera-bounding faults. Rare moderate-to large-magnitude VTs at Kilauea and other volcanoes can therefore result from reactivation of existing fault planes due to stresses induced by magmatic processes.
C1 [Wauthier, Christelle; Roman, Diana C.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
[Poland, Michael P.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI USA.
RP Wauthier, C (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
EM cwauthier@dtm.ciw.edu
OI Poland, Michael/0000-0001-5240-6123
NR 38
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U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 20
BP 5366
EP 5370
DI 10.1002/2013GL058082
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 301DY
UT WOS:000330514200007
ER
PT J
AU Ralston, DK
Warner, JC
Geyer, WR
Wall, GR
AF Ralston, David K.
Warner, John C.
Geyer, W. Rockwell
Wall, Gary R.
TI Sediment transport due to extreme events: The Hudson River estuary after
tropical storms Irene and Lee
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; MODELING-SYSTEM; NEW-YORK
AB Tropical Storms Irene and Lee in 2011 produced intense precipitation and flooding in the U.S. Northeast, including the Hudson River watershed. Sediment input to the Hudson River was approximately 2.7 megaton, about 5 times the long-term annual average. Rather than the common assumption that sediment is predominantly trapped in the estuary, observations and model results indicate that approximately two thirds of the new sediment remained trapped in the tidal freshwater river more than 1 month after the storms and only about one fifth of the new sediment reached the saline estuary. High sediment concentrations were observed in the estuary, but the model results suggest that this was predominantly due to remobilization of bed sediment. Spatially localized deposits of new and remobilized sediment were consistent with longer term depositional records. The results indicate that tidal rivers can intercept (at least temporarily) delivery of terrigenous sediment to the marine environment during major flow events.
C1 [Ralston, David K.; Geyer, W. Rockwell] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Appl Ocean Phys & Engn Dept, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Warner, John C.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Wall, Gary R.] US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, Troy, NY USA.
RP Ralston, DK (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Appl Ocean Phys & Engn Dept, MS 11, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM dralston@whoi.edu
FU Hudson Research Foundation [002/07A]; National Science Foundation
[1232928]
FX This research was supported by grants from the Hudson Research
Foundation (002/07A) and the National Science Foundation (1232928).
NR 29
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 32
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 20
BP 5451
EP 5455
DI 10.1002/2013GL057906
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 301DY
UT WOS:000330514200022
ER
PT J
AU Dowsett, HJ
Robinson, MM
Stoll, DK
Foley, KM
Johnson, ALA
Williams, M
Riesselman, CR
AF Dowsett, Harry J.
Robinson, Marci M.
Stoll, Danielle K.
Foley, Kevin M.
Johnson, Andrew L. A.
Williams, Mark
Riesselman, Christina R.
TI The PRISM (Pliocene palaeoclimate) reconstruction: time for a paradigm
shift
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL
AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE palaeoclimatology; palaeoceanography; climate; Pliocene; PlioMIP
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SOUTHERN NORTH-SEA; MAJOR DIATOM TAXA;
FORAMINIFER TRANSFER-FUNCTION; CARBON-DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION; PLIOMIP
EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; NINO-LIKE CONDITIONS;
MIDDLE PLIOCENE; ATLANTIC OCEAN
AB Global palaeoclimate reconstructions have been invaluable to our understanding of the causes and effects of climate change, but single-temperature representations of the oceanic mixed layer for data-model comparisons are outdated, and the time for a paradigm shift in marine palaeoclimate reconstruction is overdue. The new paradigm in marine palaeoclimate reconstruction stems the loss of valuable climate information and instead presents a holistic and nuanced interpretation of multidimensional oceanographic processes and responses. A wealth of environmental information is hidden within the US Geological Survey's Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) marine palaeoclimate reconstruction, and we introduce here a plan to incorporate all valuable climate data into the next generation of PRISM products. Beyond the global approach and focus, we plan to incorporate regional climate dynamics with emphasis on processes, integrating multiple environmental proxies wherever available in order to better characterize the mixed layer, and developing a finer time slice within the Mid-Piacenzian Age of the Pliocene, complemented by underused proxies that offer snapshots into environmental conditions. The result will be a proxyrich, temporally nested, process-oriented approach in a digital format-a relational database with geographic information system capabilities comprising a three-dimensional grid representing the surface layer, with a plethora of data in each cell.
C1 [Dowsett, Harry J.; Robinson, Marci M.; Stoll, Danielle K.; Foley, Kevin M.; Riesselman, Christina R.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Johnson, Andrew L. A.] Univ Derby, Sch Sci, Derby DE22 1GB, England.
[Williams, Mark] Univ Leicester, Dept Geol, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
RP Dowsett, HJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM hdowsett@usgs.gov
RI Williams, Mark/B-7590-2009;
OI Williams, Mark/0000-0002-7987-6069; Dowsett, Harry/0000-0003-1983-7524
FU Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis, a centre; USGS
FX We thank the USGS Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development
Program and USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellowship Program for
continued support of deep-time palaeoclimate work. The PlioMIP working
group is supported by the Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis, a
centre funded by USGS.
NR 135
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 14
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
EI 1471-2962
J9 PHILOS T R SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD OCT 28
PY 2013
VL 371
IS 2001
AR 20120524
DI 10.1098/rsta.2012.0524
PG 24
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 298GN
UT WOS:000330312300004
PM 24043866
ER
PT J
AU Haywood, AM
Dolan, AM
Pickering, SJ
Dowsett, HJ
McClymont, EL
Prescott, CL
Salzmann, U
Hill, DJ
Hunter, SJ
Lunt, DJ
Pope, JO
Valdes, PJ
AF Haywood, Alan M.
Dolan, Aisling M.
Pickering, Steven J.
Dowsett, Harry J.
McClymont, Erin L.
Prescott, Caroline L.
Salzmann, Ulrich
Hill, Daniel J.
Hunter, Stephen J.
Lunt, Daniel J.
Pope, James O.
Valdes, Paul J.
TI On the identification of a Pliocene time slice for data-model comparison
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL
AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pliocene; climate models; climate sensitivity; Earth system sensitivity
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MIDDLE PLIOCENE;
ICE-SHEET; INSOLATION QUANTITIES; JOINT INVESTIGATIONS;
EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; ARCTIC-OCEAN; WARM PERIOD
AB The characteristics of the mid-Pliocene warm period (mPWP: 3.264-3.025MaBP) have been examined using geological proxies and climate models. While there is agreement between models and data, details of regional climate differ. Uncertainties in prescribed forcings and in proxy data limit the utility of the interval to understand the dynamics of a warmer than present climate or evaluate models. This uncertainty comes, in part, from the reconstruction of a time slab rather than a time slice, where forcings required by climate models can be more adequately constrained. Here, we describe the rationale and approach for identifying a time slice(s) for Pliocene environmental reconstruction. A time slice centred on 3.205 Ma BP (3.204-3.207 Ma BP) has been identified as a priority for investigation. It is a warm interval characterized by a negative benthic oxygen isotope excursion (0.21-0.23 parts per thousand) centred on marine isotope stage KM5c (KM5.3). It occurred during a period of orbital forcing that was very similar to present day. Climate model simulations indicate that proxy temperature estimates are unlikely to be significantly affected by orbital forcing for at least a precession cycle centred on the time slice, with the North Atlantic potentially being an important exception.
C1 [Haywood, Alan M.; Dolan, Aisling M.; Pickering, Steven J.; Prescott, Caroline L.; Hill, Daniel J.; Hunter, Stephen J.; Pope, James O.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Dowsett, Harry J.] USGS, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[McClymont, Erin L.] Univ Durham, Dept Geog, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
[Salzmann, Ulrich] Northumbria Univ, Sch Built & Nat Environm, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Hill, Daniel J.] British Geol Survey, Ctr Environm Sci, Keyworth NG12 5GG, Notts, England.
[Lunt, Daniel J.; Valdes, Paul J.] Univ Bristol, Sch Geol Sci, Bristol BS8 1SS, Avon, England.
RP Haywood, AM (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
EM earamh@leeds.ac.uk
RI Valdes, Paul/C-4129-2013; Lunt, Daniel/G-9451-2011; McClymont,
Erin/K-2153-2012; Pope, James/L-4427-2013; Pope, James/E-9473-2017;
OI Lunt, Daniel/0000-0003-3585-6928; McClymont, Erin/0000-0003-1562-8768;
Pope, James/0000-0001-8945-4209; Pope, James/0000-0001-8945-4209; Hill,
Daniel/0000-0001-5492-3925; Dolan, Aisling/0000-0002-9585-9648; Dowsett,
Harry/0000-0003-1983-7524
FU European Research Council under European Union [278636]; UK Natural
Environment Research Council (NERC); US Geological Survey Climate and
Land Use Change Research and Development Programme; Leverhulme Trust;
National Centre for Atmospheric Science; British Geological Survey;
Research Councils UK
FX A.M.H., A. M. D and S.J.P acknowledge that the research leading to these
results has received funding from the European Research Council under
the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC
grant agreement no. 278636. A. M. D acknowledges the UK Natural
Environment Research Council (NERC) for the provision of a Doctoral
Training Grant. H.J.D. acknowledges the support of the US Geological
Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Programme.
D.J.H. acknowledges the Leverhulme Trust for the provision of an early
career fellowship with financial contributions made by the National
Centre for Atmospheric Science and the British Geological Survey. D.J.L.
acknowledges Research Councils UK for the award of an RCUK fellowship
and the Leverhulme Trust for the award of a Phillip Leverhulme Prize.
NR 67
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 4
U2 19
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
EI 1471-2962
J9 PHILOS T R SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD OCT 28
PY 2013
VL 371
IS 2001
AR 20120515
DI 10.1098/rsta.2012.0515
PG 21
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 298GN
UT WOS:000330312300003
PM 24043865
ER
PT J
AU Gray, JE
Pribil, MJ
Higueras, PL
AF Gray, John E.
Pribil, Michael J.
Higueras, Pablo L.
TI Mercury isotope fractionation during ore retorting in the Almaden mining
dilstrict, Spain
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury isotopes; Retorting; Cinnabar ore; Mine waste calcine; Mass
dependent fractionation
ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; MINE-WASTE CALCINE; DISTRICT SPAIN;
ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCES; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS; ELEMENTAL MERCURY;
ATMOSPHERIC HG; NUCLEAR VOLUME; SPECIATION; SOILS
AB Almaden, Spain, is the world's largest mercury (Hg) mining district, which has produced over 250,000 metric tons of Hg representing about 30% of the historical Hg produced worldwide. The objective of this study was to measure Hg isotopic compositions of cinnabar ore, mine waste calcine (retorted ore), elemental Hg (Hg-(L)(0)), and elemental Hg gas (Hg-(g)(0)), to evaluate potential Hg isotopic fractionation. Almaden cinnabar ore delta Hg-202 varied from -0.92 to 0.15 parts per thousand (mean of -0.56 parts per thousand, sigma - 0.35 parts per thousand, n - 7), whereas calcine was isotopically heavier and delta Hg-202 ranged from -0.03 parts per thousand to 1.01 parts per thousand (mean of 0.43 parts per thousand, sigma = 0.44 parts per thousand, n = 8). The average delta Hg-202 enrichment of 0.99 parts per thousand between cinnabar ore and calcines generated during ore retorting indicated Hg isotopic mass dependent fractionation (MDF). Mass independent fractionation (MIF) was not observed in any of the samples in this study. Laboratory retorting experiments of cinnabar alsowere carried out to evaluate Hg isotopic fractionation of products generated during retorting such as calcine, Hg-(L)(0), and Hg-(g)(0). Calcine and Hg-(L)(0) generated during these retorting experiments showed an enrichment in delta Hg-202 of as much as 1.90 parts per thousand and 0.67 parts per thousand, respectively, compared to the original cinnabar ore. The delta Hg-202 for Hg-(g)(0) generated during the retorting experiments was asmuch as 1.16 parts per thousand isotopically lighter compared to cinnabar, thus, when cinnabar ore was roasted, the resultant calcines formed were isotopically heavier, whereas the Hg-(g)(0) generated was isotopically lighter in Hg isotopes. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Gray, John E.; Pribil, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Higueras, Pablo L.] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Almaden 13400, Spain.
RP Gray, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, POB 25046,MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jgray@usgs.gov
RI Higueras, Pablo/F-1714-2010
OI Higueras, Pablo/0000-0002-3662-7302
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS, Mineral Resources Program); Spanish
Ministry of Science [CTM2012-33918]
FX This study was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS, Mineral
Resources Program), and the Spanish Ministry of Science (Project
CTM2012-33918). We thank Dr. Fernando Palero for providing some of the
samples analyzed in this study from his personal mineral collection. We
thank Danny Rutherford for his assistance with the Hg isotopic analysis
of samples in the USGS MC-ICP-MS laboratory. The bench top retort used
in the experiments was provided by Dra. Felicia Contreras from the
Venezuelan Ministry of the Environment. We thank the reviewers from the
USGS and those for Chemical Geology for the constructive comments that
helped to improve this paper. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 59
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
EI 1878-5999
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD OCT 24
PY 2013
VL 357
BP 150
EP 157
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.08.036
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 246WT
UT WOS:000326572300013
ER
PT J
AU Murdock, DJE
Dong, XP
Repetski, JE
Marone, F
Stampanoni, M
Donoghue, PCJ
AF Murdock, Duncan J. E.
Dong, Xi-Ping
Repetski, John E.
Marone, Federica
Stampanoni, Marco
Donoghue, Philip C. J.
TI The origin of conodonts and of vertebrate mineralized skeletons
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID TEETH; PHYLOGENY; ANATOMY; JAWS
AB Conodonts are an extinct group of jawless vertebrates whose toothlike elements are the earliest instance of a mineralized skeleton in the vertebrate lineage(1,2), inspiring the 'inside-out' hypothesis that teeth evolved independently of the vertebrate dermal skeleton and before the origin of jaws(3-6). However, these propositions have been based on evidence from derived euconodonts. Here we test hypotheses of a paraconodont ancestry of euconodonts(7-11) using synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy to characterize and compare the microstructure of morphologically similar euconodont and paraconodont elements. Paraconodonts exhibit a range of grades of structural differentiation, including tissues and a pattern of growth common to euconodont basal bodies. The different grades of structural differentiation exhibited by paraconodonts demonstrate the stepwise acquisition of euconodont characters, resolving debate over the relationship between these two groups. By implication, the putative homology of euconodont crown tissue and vertebrate enamel must be rejected as these tissues have evolved independently and convergently. Thus, the precise ontogenetic, structural and topological similarities between conodont elements and vertebrate odontodes appear to be a remarkable instance of convergence. The last common ancestor of conodonts and jawed vertebrates probably lacked mineralized skeletal tissues. The hypothesis that teeth evolved before jaws and the inside-out hypothesis of dental evolution must be rejected; teeth seem to have evolved through the extension of odontogenic competence from the external dermis to internal epithelium soon after the origin of jaws.
C1 [Murdock, Duncan J. E.; Donoghue, Philip C. J.] Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England.
[Dong, Xi-Ping] Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Dong, Xi-Ping] Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol, State Key Lab Palaeobiol & Stratig, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Repetski, John E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Marone, Federica; Stampanoni, Marco] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Stampanoni, Marco] Univ Zurich, Inst Biomed Engn, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Stampanoni, Marco] ETH, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Donoghue, PCJ (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Wills Mem Bldg,Queens Rd, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England.
EM phil.donoghue@bristol.ac.uk
RI Marone, Federica/J-4420-2013; Donoghue, Philip/A-3873-2008; Dong,
Xi-ping/N-5741-2014; Stampanoni, Marco/J-4099-2013;
OI Dong, Xi-ping/0000-0001-5917-7159; Stampanoni,
Marco/0000-0001-7486-6681; Donoghue, Philip/0000-0003-3116-7463
FU Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut (Villigen, Switzerland); NERC
[NE/G016623/1]; Paul Scherrer Institut; NSFC [41372015]
FX The SRXTM experiments were performed on the TOMCAT beamline at the Swiss
Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut (Villigen, Switzerland), funded
through a project awarded to P.C.J.D. and S. Bengtson (Stockholm). NERC
grant NE/G016623/1 to P.C.J.D., a studentship to DJEM funded by NERC and
the Paul Scherrer Institut, and NSFC Project 41372015 to X.-P.D. Thanks
to R. Stamm (USGS) for reviewing a draft of this manuscript; and thanks
to J. E. Cunningham, D. O. Jones and M. Rucklin for assistance at the
beamline. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 29
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 90
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD OCT 24
PY 2013
VL 502
IS 7472
BP 546
EP +
DI 10.1038/nature12645
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 238YN
UT WOS:000325988400053
PM 24132236
ER
PT J
AU Nemecek, J
Nag, N
Carlson, CM
Schneider, JR
Heisey, DM
Johnson, CJ
Asher, DM
Gregori, L
AF Nemecek, Julie
Nag, Nabanita
Carlson, Christina M.
Schneider, Jay R.
Heisey, Dennis M.
Johnson, Christopher J.
Asher, David M.
Gregori, Luisa
TI Red-Backed Vole Brain Promotes Highly Efficient In Vitro Amplification
of Abnormal Prion Protein from Macaque and Human Brains Infected with
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Agent
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID MISFOLDING CYCLIC AMPLIFICATION; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; PRPSC; ASSAY; VCJD;
PROPAGATION; CONVERSION; PATIENT; BSE; CJD
AB Rapid antemortem tests to detect individuals with transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) would contribute to public health. We investigated a technique known as protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) to amplify abnormal prion protein (PrPTSE) from highly diluted variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD)-infected human and macaque brain homogenates, seeking to improve the rapid detection of PrPTSE in tissues and blood. Macaque vCJD PrPTSE did not amplify using normal macaque brain homogenate as substrate (intraspecies PMCA). Next, we tested interspecies PMCA with normal brain homogenate of the southern red-backed vole (RBV), a close relative of the bank vole, seeded with macaque vCJD PrPTSE. The RBV has a natural polymorphism at residue 170 of the PrP-encoding gene (N/N, S/S, and S/N). We investigated the effect of this polymorphism on amplification of human and macaque vCJD PrPTSE. Meadow vole brain (170N/N PrP genotype) was also included in the panel of substrates tested. Both humans and macaques have the same 170S/S PrP genotype. Macaque PrPTSE was best amplified with RBV 170S/S brain, although 170N/N and 170S/N were also competent substrates, while meadow vole brain was a poor substrate. In contrast, human PrPTSE demonstrated a striking narrow selectivity for PMCA substrate and was successfully amplified only with RBV 170S/S brain. These observations suggest that macaque PrPTSE was more permissive than human PrPTSE in selecting the competent RBV substrate. RBV 170S/S brain was used to assess the sensitivity of PMCA with PrPTSE from brains of humans and macaques with vCJD. PrPTSE signals were reproducibly detected by Western blot in dilutions through 10(-12) of vCJD-infected 10% brain homogenates. This is the first report showing PrPTSE from vCJD-infected human and macaque brains efficiently amplified with RBV brain as the substrate. Based on our estimates, PMCA showed a sensitivity that might be sufficient to detect PrPTSE in vCJD-infected human and macaque blood.
C1 [Nemecek, Julie; Nag, Nabanita; Asher, David M.; Gregori, Luisa] US FDA, Lab Bacterial & TSE Agents, Div Emerging Transfus Transmitted Dis, Off Blood Res & Review,Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA.
[Carlson, Christina M.; Schneider, Jay R.; Heisey, Dennis M.; Johnson, Christopher J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Carlson, Christina M.] Univ Wisconsin, Program Cellular & Mol Biol, Madison, WI USA.
RP Gregori, L (reprint author), US FDA, Lab Bacterial & TSE Agents, Div Emerging Transfus Transmitted Dis, Off Blood Res & Review,Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA.
EM luisa.gregori@fda.hhs.gov
RI Johnson, Christopher/B-1436-2009; Carlson, Christina/D-8327-2013;
Carlson, Christina/P-6507-2015
OI Johnson, Christopher/0000-0003-4539-2581; Carlson,
Christina/0000-0002-4950-8273; Carlson, Christina/0000-0002-4950-8273
FU FDA Commissioner's fellowship program; FDA Chief Scientist Challenge
Award; USGS Wildlife: Terrestrial and Endangered Resources Program
FX This work was supported by the FDA Commissioner's fellowship program and
by an FDA Chief Scientist Challenge Award. Support also came from the
USGS Wildlife: Terrestrial and Endangered Resources Program. The funders
had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 36
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD OCT 24
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 10
AR e78710
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0078710
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 241FR
UT WOS:000326152300080
PM 24205298
ER
PT J
AU Kanapaux, W
Kiker, GA
AF Kanapaux, William
Kiker, Gregory A.
TI Development and testing of an object-oriented model for adaptively
managing human disturbance of least tern (Sternula antillarum) nesting
habitat
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Object-oriented simulation; Agent-based model; Decision support;
Adaptive management; Human disturbance; Nesting habitat
ID GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; DECISION-MAKING; SITE
SELECTION; NEW-JERSEY; MANAGEMENT; SYSTEMS; POPULATION; ECOSYSTEMS;
DYNAMICS
AB Botany Bay Plantation Wildlife Management Area is one of only four known natural nesting sites for least terns (Sternula antillarum) on the South Carolina coast, and more than 20,000 people visit the 3-mile stretch of beach each nesting season since it opened to the public in 2008. We developed a simulation model for the adaptive management of human disturbance on nesting habitat for least terns, which is described using the ODD (Overview, Design Concepts, and Details) protocol. The simulation uses the Questions and Decisions (QnD) system framework, an object-oriented modeling approach that emphasizes interactions among key ecological and social components. The model is designed to explore the potential results of management actions and identify key indicators for future monitoring. Initial model parameters were developed from existing literature, expert opinion and on-site ecological observations as few baseline data were available for the recently opened site. In addition, substantial uncertainty surrounded the nesting behavior of least terns related to productivity levels, responses to human disturbance, and overwash tides. In order to test model assumptions and performance, parameters are assigned stochastic probability distributions made explicit to wildlife managers and can be updated as additional monitoring data become available. Simulation results suggest that Botany Bay colonies are at significant risk of collapse. Monte Carlo simulations of the model (n=500) show that current management practices result in a median productivity of 0.08 fledglings per breeding adult, well below the minimum productivity threshold of 0.13 needed to encourage site fidelity. But closing one particular section of beach during the nesting season would result in a global median productivity of 0.26. A sensitivity analysis identified one variable in particular as important to monitor for reducing uncertainty in model results: the duration of tern defense response from human disturbance and the variation of this response among spatial units. These simulation results are intended to initiate an ongoing and adaptive monitoring program for improving colony productivity at the site. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kanapaux, William] Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Kiker, Gregory A.] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Kanapaux, W (reprint author), Penn State Univ, USGS PA Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 406 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM wjk15@psu.edu
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Estuarine
Research Reserve System [NA09NOS4200049]; National Science Foundation's
(NSF's) Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT)
program in the Adaptive Management of Water, Wetlands and Watersheds at
the University of Florida (NSF) [0504422]
FX This research was supported by a graduate research fellowship from the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Estuarine
Research Reserve System (NA09NOS4200049) and the National Science
Foundation's (NSF's) Integrative Graduate Education and Research
Traineeship (IGERT) program in the Adaptive Management of Water,
Wetlands and Watersheds at the University of Florida (NSF Grant No.
0504422). This project also received valuable support and assistance
from managers and staff at the South Carolina Department of Natural
Resources and the volunteers at Botany Bay Plantation.
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD OCT 24
PY 2013
VL 268
BP 64
EP 77
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.08.002
PG 14
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 234UH
UT WOS:000325669300008
ER
PT J
AU Glaser, PH
Hansen, BCS
Donovan, JJ
Givnish, TJ
Stricker, CA
Volin, JC
AF Glaser, Paul H.
Hansen, Barbara C. S.
Donovan, Joe J.
Givnish, Thomas J.
Stricker, Craig A.
Volin, John C.
TI Holocene dynamics of the Florida Everglades with respect to climate,
dustfall, and tropical storms
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Sahara dust; Holocene climate change; P-limitation; long-distance
transport; ridge-slough-tree island patterning
ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; EL-NINO; HURRICANE ACTIVITY; NORTH-ATLANTIC;
UNITED-STATES; SAHARAN DUST; VEGETATION; RECORD; IMPACT; LIMITATION
AB Aeolian dust is rarely considered an important source for nutrients in large peatlands, which generally develop in moist regions far from the major centers of dust production. As a result, past studies assumed that the Everglades provides a classic example of an originally oligotrophic, P-limited wetland that was subsequently degraded by anthropogenic activities. However, a multiproxy sedimentary record indicates that changes in atmospheric circulation patterns produced an abrupt shift in the hydrology and dust deposition in the Everglades over the past 4,600 y. A wet climatic period with high loadings of aeolian dust prevailed before 2800 cal BP (calibrated years before present) when vegetation typical of a deep slough dominated the principal drainage outlet of the Everglades. This dust was apparently transported from distant source areas, such as the Sahara Desert, by tropical storms according to its elemental chemistry and mineralogy. A drier climatic regime with a steep decline in dustfall persisted after 2800 cal BP maintaining sawgrass vegetation at the coring site as tree islands developed nearby (and pine forests covered adjacent uplands). The marked decline in dustfall was related to corresponding declines in sedimentary phosphorus, organic nitrogen, and organic carbon, suggesting that a close relationship existed between dustfall, primary production, and possibly, vegetation patterning before the 20th century. The climatic change after 2800 cal BP was probably produced by a shift in the Bermuda High to the southeast, shunting tropical storms to the south of Florida into the Gulf of Mexico.
C1 [Glaser, Paul H.; Hansen, Barbara C. S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Donovan, Joe J.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Givnish, Thomas J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Volin, John C.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
RP Glaser, PH (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM glase001@umn.edu
FU Everglades National Park; South Florida Water Management District; NSF
[0628647]
FX We thank J. Muss, M. Lott, and D. Owen for field and laboratory
assistance; D. Schnurrenberger, A. Myrbo, A. Noren, K. Brady, C. Bern,
and L. Magean for laboratory assistance; E. Grimm, and B. Finney for
technical assistance; and J. Holloway and three anonymous reviewers for
editorial comments. We also thank Everglades National Park, the South
Florida Water Management District, and NSF Award 0628647 for supporting
this work.
NR 54
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U1 2
U2 28
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD OCT 22
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 43
BP 17211
EP 17216
DI 10.1073/pnas.1222239110
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 238JU
UT WOS:000325943300023
PM 24101489
ER
PT J
AU Neff, JC
Reynolds, RL
Munson, SM
Fernandez, D
Belnap, J
AF Neff, J. C.
Reynolds, R. L.
Munson, S. M.
Fernandez, D.
Belnap, J.
TI The role of dust storms in total atmospheric particle concentrations at
two sites in the western US
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; PARTICULATE MATTER; UNITED-STATES; WIND EROSION;
CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; COARSE PARTICLES; NORTH-AMERICA; AIR-POLLUTION;
CITIES; DEPOSITION
C1 [Neff, J. C.; Fernandez, D.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Neff, J. C.; Fernandez, D.] Univ Colorado, Environm Studies Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Reynolds, R. L.; Munson, S. M.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Munson, S. M.; Belnap, J.] US Geol Survey, Moab, UT USA.
RP Neff, JC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, 2200 Colorado Blvd,Campus Box 399, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM neffjc@colorado.edu
OI NEFF, JASON/0000-0002-8290-1472
FU Climate and Land Use Change Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; USGS
FX This research was supported by the Climate and Land Use Change Program
of the U.S. Geological Survey and a USGS Mendenhall fellowship to SMM.
We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the U.S. National Park
Service (NPS) including Joe Carlson, Kevin Moore, and Lofton Wiley at
Canyonlands National Park, and George San Miguel and Paul Bohmann at
Mesa Verde National Park. We also gratefully acknowledge the NPS and
Mark Miller for access and permissions to undertake this work. Frank
Urban (USGS) provided webcam images, and Rian Bogle (USGS) was
responsible for creating the record of dust storms from satellite
retrievals. Heather Lowers and George Breit (both USGS) provided
assistance with SEM analyses; Harland Goldstein and Eric Fisher (both
USGS) assisted with particle-size determination. We appreciate the
comments of three anonymous reviewers. The use of trade, product, or
firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 53
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U1 1
U2 20
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD OCT 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 19
BP 11201
EP 11212
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50855
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 297PF
UT WOS:000330266700049
ER
PT J
AU Wei, SJ
Helmberger, D
Zhan, ZW
Graves, R
AF Wei, Shengji
Helmberger, Don
Zhan, Zhongwen
Graves, Robert
TI Rupture complexity of the M-w 8.3 Sea of Okhotsk earthquake: Rapid
triggering of complementary earthquakes?
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE finite fault; path calibration; triggering; rupture velocity;
teleseismic; slab
ID DEEP BOLIVIAN EARTHQUAKE; JUNE 9; LITHOSPHERE; MECHANISM; CALIFORNIA;
SLAB
AB We derive a finite slip model for the 2013 M-w 8.3 Sea of Okhotsk Earthquake (Z=610km) by inverting calibrated teleseismic P waveforms. The inversion shows that the earthquake ruptured on a 10 degrees dipping rectangular fault zone (140kmx50km) and evolved into a sequence of four large sub-events (E1-E4) with an average rupture speed of 4.0km/s. The rupture process can be divided into two main stages. The first propagated south, rupturing sub-events E1, E2, and E4. The second stage (E3) originated near E2 with a delay of 12s and ruptured northward, filling the slip gap between E1 and E2. This kinematic process produces an overall slip pattern similar to that observed in shallow swarms, except it occurs over a compressed time span of about 30s and without many aftershocks, suggesting that sub-event triggering for deep events is significantly more efficient than for shallow events.
C1 [Wei, Shengji; Helmberger, Don; Zhan, Zhongwen] CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Graves, Robert] US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
RP Wei, SJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Seismol Lab, 1200 E Calif Blvd MS 252-21, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM shjwei@gmail.com
RI Wei, Shengji/M-2137-2015
OI Wei, Shengji/0000-0002-0319-0714
FU NSF [EAR-1142020]; USGS [G10AP00048]; Caltech Tectonics Observatory
FX The teleseismic data were downloaded from IRIS, and figures are made
with GMT. This research is supported by NSF grant EAR-1142020 and USGS
award G10AP00048, Caltech Tectonics Observatory. The manuscript was
improved by the constructive input of Ken Hudnut, Gavin Hayes, and two
anonymous reviewers.
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 24
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 19
BP 5034
EP 5039
DI 10.1002/grl.50977
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 243JB
UT WOS:000326311600012
ER
PT J
AU Woodman, N
AF Woodman, Neal
TI The type localities of the mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque,
1817), and the Kansas white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus
macrourus (Rafinesque, 1817), are not where we thought they were
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Cervidae; Odocoileus virginianus dacotensis; Odocoileus virginianus
texanus; taxonomy; type specimen
AB Among the iconic mammals of the North American West is the mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). This species and a western subspecies of the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus macrourus) were two of seven mammals originally named and described as new species in 1817 by Constantine S. Rafinesque. Rafinesque never saw the animals that he named. Instead, he followed the then-acceptable practice of basing his new species on animals characterized in another published work, in this case the putative journal of Charles Le Raye, a French Canadian fur trader who was said to have traversed the upper Missouri River region before the Lewis and Clark Expedition and whose journal described some of the wildlife in detail. Unlike the mule deer, whose existence has been established by generations of biologists, wildlife management professionals, and sportsmen, Le Raye and his journal have since been proven to be fraudulent. Because Rafinesque's names were published in accordance with the taxonomic conventions of his time, they remain available, but, based on the questionable source of his descriptions, the identities and type localities of the species must be viewed as unreliable. Fortunately, much of the Le Raye journal was derived from other, verifiable contemporary sources. In particular, the descriptions of the two deer were based on the published journal of Patrick Gass, a member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Using the Gass journal as the original source of Rafinesque's descriptions, the type localities for the two deer can be reliably placed in Lyman County, South Dakota.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Woodman, N (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 111,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM woodmann@si.edu
NR 55
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PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
EI 1943-6327
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD OCT 16
PY 2013
VL 126
IS 3
BP 187
EP 198
PG 12
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 238AL
UT WOS:000325912700001
ER
PT J
AU Davis, ACD
Kvitek, RG
Mueller, CBA
Young, MA
Storlazzi, CD
Phillips, EL
AF Davis, Alexandra C. D.
Kvitek, Rikk G.
Mueller, Craig B. A.
Young, Mary A.
Storlazzi, Curt D.
Phillips, Eleyne L.
TI Distribution and abundance of rippled scour depressions along the
California coast
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bedforms; Continental shelf; Benthic habitat; Marine protected area
(MPA); Marine spatial planning; Seafloor mapping
ID INNER CONTINENTAL-SHELF; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; SEDIMENT-TRANSPORT;
NEARSHORE MORPHOLOGY; SORTED BEDFORMS; MONTEREY-BAY; SEA; SHOREFACE;
BEACH; ENVIRONMENTS
AB Rippled scour depressions (RSDs) are prominent sediment features found on continental shelves worldwide. RSDs are generally characterized as elongate nearshore deposits of coarser-grained sediment with long-wavelength bedforms depressed 0.4-1.0 m below the surrounding finer-grained sediment plateau, thereby adding complexity and patchiness to relatively homogeneous unconsolidated sedimentary substrates on the inner continental shelf. Most research corroborates the hypothesis that RSDs are formed and maintained by currents and wave interaction with the seafloor sediment. While many localized studies have described RSDs, we use bathymetric and acoustic backscatter data from the state-wide California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP) to describe the spatial distribution of RSDs at the regional scale. The goals were to: (1) quantify the abundance and patterns of distribution of RSDs along the entire 1200 km California coast, and (2) test the generality of previously described or predicted relationships between RSD occurrence and geographic, oceanographic and geomorphic parameters, including depth, wave energy, latitude, shelf width, and proximity to bedrock reefs and headlands. Our general approach was to develop and apply a Topographic Position Index-based (TPI) landscape analysis tool to identify the distinct edges of RSDs in bathymetry data to differentiate the features from other sedimentary and rocky substrates. Spatial analysis was then used to quantify the distribution and abundance of RSDs and determine the percentage of bedrock reef, sedimentary and RSD substrates on the continental shelf within state waters. RSD substrate accounted for 3.6% of the California continental shelf, compared to 8.4% for bedrock reef substrate. The percent coverage of RSD substrate varied with depth, with 88% occurring in the 20-80 m depth range, and increased with proximity to bedrock reef substrate. RSD cover also varied significantly with shelf width, but not with proximity to headlands. Given the recent findings on the ecological significance of RSD, the results are relevant to marine spatial planning and ecosystem based management in terms of evaluating how well the 68 individual marine protected areas (MPAs) within California's newly designated state-wide MPA network collectively represent regional percentages of bedrock, sedimentary, and RSD substrate. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Davis, Alexandra C. D.; Kvitek, Rikk G.; Mueller, Craig B. A.; Young, Mary A.] Calif State Univ Monterey Bay, Seafloor Mapping Lab, Seaside, CA 93955 USA.
[Storlazzi, Curt D.; Phillips, Eleyne L.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Kvitek, RG (reprint author), Calif State Univ Monterey Bay, Seafloor Mapping Lab, 100 Campus Ctr, Seaside, CA 93955 USA.
EM rkvitek@csumb.edu
OI Storlazzi, Curt/0000-0001-8057-4490
FU California Ocean Protection Council's California Seafloor Mapping
Program; California State University Council on Ocean Affairs, Science
and Technology; CSUMB Undergraduate Research Opportunity Center; CSUMB
McNair Scholar's Program; US Geological Survey's Coastal and Marine
Geology Program through the Pacific Benthic Habitats Project
FX We thank the following members of the CSUMB Seafloor Mapping Lab P
lampietro, J Blakely, C Marks, J Gomez, J Carillo, P Consulo and C
Bretz. We also thank R Jensen of the United States Army Corps of
Engineers. Support for this work was provided by the California Ocean
Protection Council's California Seafloor Mapping Program, the California
State University Council on Ocean Affairs, Science and Technology, the
CSUMB Undergraduate Research Opportunity Center, the CSUMB McNair
Scholar's Program, and the US Geological Survey's Coastal and Marine
Geology Program through the Pacific Benthic Habitats Project.
NR 57
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U1 1
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
EI 1873-6955
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 69
BP 88
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2013.09.010
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 269JJ
UT WOS:000328237300009
ER
PT J
AU Mensing, SA
Sharpe, SE
Tunno, I
Sada, DW
Thomas, JM
Starratt, S
Smith, J
AF Mensing, Scott A.
Sharpe, Saxon E.
Tunno, Irene
Sada, Don W.
Thomas, Jim M.
Starratt, Scott
Smith, Jeremy
TI The Late Holocene Dry Period: multiproxy evidence for an extended
drought between 2800 and 1850 cal yr BP across the central Great Basin,
USA
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Holocene; Pollen; Mollusks; Drought; Great Basin; ENSO; Dipole
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; HYDROBIID SNAILS GASTROPODA; LAKE-LEVEL
FLUCTUATIONS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BONNEVILLE BASIN; WALKER LAKE; POLLEN
RECORD; SIERRA-NEVADA; SOIL CRUSTS; MONO LAKE
AB Evidence of a multi-centennial scale dry period between similar to 2800 and similar to 1850 cal yr BP is documented by pollen, mollusks, diatoms, and sediment in spring sediments from Stonehouse Meadow in Spring Valley, eastern central Nevada, U.S. We refer to this period as the Late Holocene Dry Period. Based on sediment recovered, Stonehouse Meadow was either absent or severely restricted in size at similar to 8000 cal yr BR Beginning similar to 7500 cal yr BP, the meadow became established and persisted to similar to 3000 cal yr BP when it began to dry. Comparison of the timing of this late Holocene drought record to multiple records extending from the eastern Sierra Nevada across the central Great Basin to the Great Salt Lake support the interpretation that this dry period was regional. The beginning and ending dates vary among sites, but all sites record multiple centuries of dry climate between 2500 and 1900 cal yr BP. This duration makes it the longest persistent dry period within the late Holocene. In contrast, sites in the northern Great Basin record either no clear evidence of drought, or have wetter than average climate during this period, suggesting that the northern boundary between wet and dry climates may have been between about 40 degrees and 42 degrees N latitude. This dry in the southwest and wet in the northwest precipitation pattern across the Great Basin is supported by large-scale spatial climate pattern hypotheses involving ENSO, PDO, AMO, and the position of the Aleutian Low and North Pacific High, particularly during winter. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mensing, Scott A.; Smith, Jeremy] Univ Nevada, Dept Geog, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Sharpe, Saxon E.; Sada, Don W.; Thomas, Jim M.] Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Tunno, Irene] Univ Tuscia, Dipartimento DAFNE, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy.
[Starratt, Scott] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Mensing, SA (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Geog, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM smensing@unr.edu
FU National Science Foundation [EPS-0814372]
FX We wish to thank the Southern Nevada Water Authority (Zane Marshall and
Brandon Humphries) for providing permits and allowing access to core.
Diatoms were processed by Holly Olson, United States Geological Survey
(USGS). Dr. John Bell made the mollusk reference collection at the Monte
L Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, available. Susan
Zimmerman at the Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry provided
assistance with radiocarbon dates and interpretation of the chronology.
Anna Klimaszewski-Patterson helped develop the age model and provided
the base map for Figs. 1 and 8. The manuscript was improved through
helpful reviews from John Barron of the USGS and two anonymous
reviewers. This material is based upon work supported by the National
Science Foundation under grant EPS-0814372.
NR 131
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U1 4
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 78
BP 266
EP 282
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.08.010
PG 17
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 264VK
UT WOS:000327908900017
ER
PT J
AU Bartholomaus, TC
Larsen, CF
O'Neel, S
AF Bartholomaus, Timothy C.
Larsen, Christopher F.
O'Neel, Shad
TI Does calving matter? Evidence for significant submarine melt
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE tidewater glacier; submarine melt; iceberg calving; glacier dynamics;
fjord circulation
ID TIDEWATER GLACIERS; NORTHERN GULF; ICY BAY; GREENLAND GLACIERS; OCEAN
WATERS; ALASKA; FJORD; USA; DYNAMICS; FLUCTUATIONS
AB d During the summer in the northeast Pacific Ocean, the Alaska Coastal Current sweeps water with temperatures in excess of 12 degrees C past the mouths of glacierized fjords and bays. The extent to which these warm waters affect the mass balance of Alaskan tidewater glaciers is uncertain. Here we report hydrographic measurements made within Icy Bay, Alaska, and calculate rates of submarine melt at Yahtse Glacier, a tidewater glacier terminating in Icy Bay. We find strongly stratified water properties consistent with estuarine circulation and evidence that warm Gulf of Alaska water reaches the head of 40 km-long Icy Bay, largely unaltered. A 10-20 m layer of cold, fresh, glacially-modified water overlies warm, saline water. The saline water is observed to reach up to 10.4 degrees C within 1.5 km of the terminus of Yahtse Glacier. By quantifying the heat and salt deficit within the glacially-modified water, we place bounds on the rate of submarine melt. The submarine melt rate is estimated at >9 md(-1), at least half the rate at which ice flows into the terminus region, and can plausibly account for all of the submarine terminus mass loss. Our measurements suggest that summer and fall subaerial calving is a direct response to thermal undercutting of the terminus, further demonstrating the critical role of the ocean in modulating tidewater glacier dynamics. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bartholomaus, Timothy C.; Larsen, Christopher F.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Bartholomaus, Timothy C.; O'Neel, Shad] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Geol & Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[O'Neel, Shad] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Bartholomaus, TC (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, 903 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM tbartholomaus@gi.alaska.edu
RI Bartholomaus, Timothy/C-1781-2015
OI Bartholomaus, Timothy/0000-0002-1470-6720
FU UAF Center for Global Change Student Research; Cooperative Institute for
Alaska Research; National Science Foundation [EAR-0810313]; USGS Climate
and Land Use Change RD program
FX This research was supported in part by a UAF Center for Global Change
Student Research Grant with funds from the Cooperative Institute for
Alaska Research. Additional funding was provided by the National Science
Foundation through grant EAR-0810313, the USGS Climate and Land Use
Change R&D program, and the Dept. of Interior Alaska Climate Science
Center. This work would not have been possible without the generous loan
of instruments by Roman Motyka and a skiff by Michelle Kissling; our
heartiest thanks go to them. We thank Erin Pettit and Jeff Nystuen for
their contributions toward collecting the CTD data from 2009. Roman
Motyka, Erin Pettit, Barbara Truessel, Megan O'Sadnick, Joel Brann, Paul
Aguilar, and Eric Boget assisted with field work. We thank Mark
Fahnestock for providing the image cross-correlation algorithm. Comments
by Johnny Sanders and three anonymous reviewers significantly improved
this manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge the Institute of Marine
Sciences at UAF for provision of GAK1 data
(http://www.ims.uaf.edu/gakl/) and the Michigan Tech Research Institute
Bering Glacier project for provision of ablation data
(http://geodjango.mtri.org/gass/).
NR 49
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U1 1
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 380
BP 21
EP 30
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.08.014
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 249JA
UT WOS:000326772300003
ER
PT J
AU Briggs, MA
Voytek, EB
Day-Lewis, FD
Rosenberry, DO
Lane, JW
AF Briggs, Martin A.
Voytek, Emily B.
Day-Lewis, Frederick D.
Rosenberry, Donald O.
Lane, John W.
TI Understanding Water Column and Streambed Thermal Refugia for Endangered
Mussels in the Delaware River
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE TIME-SERIES; GROUNDWATER; RESOLUTION; TOLERANCE; FLUX
AB Groundwater discharge locations along the upper Delaware River, both discrete bank seeps and diffuse streambed upwelling, may create thermal niche environments that benefit the endangered dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonta heterodon). We seek to identify whether discrete or diffuse groundwater inflow is the dominant control on refugia. Numerous springs and seeps were identified at all locations where dwarf wedgemussels still can be found. Infrared imagery and custom high spatial resolution fiber-optic distributed temperature sensors reveal complex thermal dynamics at one of the seeps with a relatively stable, cold groundwater plume extending along the streambed/water-column interface during midsummer. This plume, primarily fed by a discrete bank seep, was shown through analytical and numerical heat-transport modeling to dominate temperature dynamics in the region of potential habitation by the adult dwarf wedgemussel.
C1 [Briggs, Martin A.; Voytek, Emily B.; Day-Lewis, Frederick D.; Lane, John W.] US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Rosenberry, Donald O.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Cent Branch, DFC, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Briggs, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, 11 Sherman Pl,Unit 5015, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM mbriggs@usgs.gov
RI Rosenberry, Donald/C-2241-2013;
OI Day-Lewis, Frederick/0000-0003-3526-886X; Rosenberry,
Donald/0000-0003-0681-5641
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substance
Hydrology and Groundwater Resources Programs
FX We thank Heather Galbraith, Jeffery Cole, Carrie Blakeslee, Celicia
Boyden, Chris Peterson, Amanda Lanning, Eric White, Don Hamilton, and
Sean Buckley for assistance in the field. The Laura Lautz Lab at
Syracuse University provided material support instrumental to this
study. This work was funded by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, with
additional support from the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substance
Hydrology and Groundwater Resources Programs. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 31
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U1 3
U2 30
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 20
BP 11423
EP 11431
DI 10.1021/es4018893
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 240UQ
UT WOS:000326123600009
PM 24015908
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, NC
Erwin, SO
Schmidt, JC
AF Nelson, Nicholas C.
Erwin, Susannah O.
Schmidt, John C.
TI Spatial and temporal patterns in channel change on the Snake River
downstream from Jackson Lake dam, Wyoming
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Channel change; Regulated river; Dam; Bed mobility; Snake River; Braided
river
ID LOWER MISSOURI RIVER; GLEN CANYON DAM; COLORADO RIVER; GREEN RIVER;
BRAIDED RIVER; GEOMORPHIC RESPONSE; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; NEW-ZEALAND;
RIO-GRANDE; FLOW
AB Operations of Jackson Lake dam (JLD) have altered the hydrology and sediment transport capacity of the Snake River in Grand Teton National Park. Prior research has provided conflicting assessments of whether the downstream river was perturbed into sediment surplus or sediment deficit. In this paper, we present the results of an aerial photo analysis designed to evaluate whether the history of channel change indicates either significant deficit or surplus of sediment that could be expressed as narrowing or expansion of the channel over time. We analyze changes in braid index, channel width, channel activity, and net channel change of the Snake River based on four series of aerial photographs. Between 1945 and 1969, a period of relatively small main-stem floods, widespread deposition, and up to 31% reduction in channel width occurred throughout the Snake River. Between 1969 and 2002, a period of large main-stem floods, the style of channel change reversed with a decrease in braid index and an increase in channel width of up to 31%. These substantial changes in the channel downstream from the dam primarily occurred in multithread reaches, regardless of proximity to tributaries, and no temporal progression of channel narrowing or widening was observed. We demonstrate that channel change downstream from JLD is more temporally and longitudinally complex than previously described. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Nelson, Nicholas C.; Erwin, Susannah O.; Schmidt, John C.] Utah State Univ, Watershed Sci Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Erwin, SO (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Dr, Columbia, MO 65203 USA.
EM serwin@usgs.gov
FU National Park Service [H1200040001]; U.S. Geological Survey Northern
Rocky Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, MT [05CRAG0036]; Intermountain
Center for River Rehabilitation and Restoration at Utah State
University; S.J. and Jessie E. Quinney Foundation; University of
Wyoming-National Park Service Research Station
FX This study was funded by the National Park Service (cooperative
agreement number: H1200040001) and the U.S. Geological Survey Northern
Rocky Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, MT (cooperative agreement
number: 05CRAG0036). Additional funding came from the Intermountain
Center for River Rehabilitation and Restoration at Utah State University
and by the S.J. and Jessie E. Quinney Foundation. Field work
accommodations were provided through a grant from the University of
Wyoming-National Park Service Research Station. The Teton Science
Schools provided additional housing during field work as well as
assistance with the field work. Jairo Hernandez provided invaluable
technological and GIS support. This project would not have been possible
without the support of Sue O'Ney and Sue Consolo-Murphy of Grand Teton
National Park. We especially thank Richard Marston for sharing data from
his earlier study and for providing a thorough and constructive review
of the present manuscript. This manuscript also benefited from
thoughtful reviews by Sara Rathburn, John Pitlick, and one anonymous
reviewer.
NR 48
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U1 3
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 200
SI SI
BP 132
EP 142
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.019
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 244XT
UT WOS:000326424200012
ER
PT J
AU Starratt, SW
AF Starratt, Scott W.
TI Introduction to the Proceedings of the 25th Pacific Climate Workshop
SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Starratt, SW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, MS 910,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM sstarrat@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1040-6182
J9 QUATERN INT
JI Quat. Int.
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 310
BP 1
EP 2
DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2013.07.049
PG 2
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 242CD
UT WOS:000326214100001
ER
PT J
AU Starratt, SW
AF Starratt, Scott W.
TI David H. Peterson - "Father of San Francisco Bay research" 1937-2012
SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Starratt, SW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, MS 910,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM sstarrat@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1040-6182
J9 QUATERN INT
JI Quat. Int.
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 310
BP 3
EP 6
DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2013.07.051
PG 4
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 242CD
UT WOS:000326214100002
ER
PT J
AU Benson, LV
Smoot, JP
Lund, SP
Mensing, SA
Foit, FF
Rye, RO
AF Benson, L. V.
Smoot, J. P.
Lund, S. P.
Mensing, S. A.
Foit, F. F., Jr.
Rye, R. O.
TI Insights from a synthesis of old and new climate-proxy data from the
Pyramid and Winnemucca lake basins for the period 48 to 11.5 cal ka
SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBONATE DEPOSITS TUFAS; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; SANTA-BARBARA BASIN;
MOUNT ST-HELENS; LATE-PLEISTOCENE; MONO LAKE; LAHONTAN BASIN;
RADIOCARBON AGES; SIERRA-NEVADA; TEPHRA LAYERS
AB A synthesis of old and new paleoclimatic data from the Pyramid and Winnemucca lake basins indicates that, between 48.0 and 11.5.10(3) calibrated years BP (hereafter ka), the climate of the western Great Basin was, to a degree, linked with the climate of the North Atlantic. Paleomagnetic secular variation (PSV) records from Pyramid Lake core PLC08-1 were tied to the GISP2 ice-core record via PSV matches to North Atlantic sediment cores whose isotopic and(or) carbonate records could be linked to the GISP2 6180 record. Relatively dry intervals in the western Great Basin were associated with cold Heinrich events and relatively wet intervals were associated with warm Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) oscillations. The association of western Great Basin dry events with North Atlantic cold events (and vice versa) switched sometime after the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) reached its maximum extent. For example, the Lahontan highstand, which culminated at 15.5 ka, and a period of elevated lake level between 13.1 and 11.7 ka were associated with cold North Atlantic conditions, the latter period with the Youngest Dryas event. Relatively dry periods were associated with the Bolling and Allerod warm events. A large percentage of the LIS may have been lost to the North Atlantic during Heinrich events 1 and 2 and may have resulted in the repositioning of the Polar Jet Stream over North America. The Trego Hot Springs, Wono, Carson Sink, and Marble Bluff tephras found in core PLC08-1 have been assigned GISP2 calendar ages of respectively, 29.9, 33.7, 34.1, and 43.2 ka. Given its unique trace-element chemistry, the Carson Sink Bed is the same as Wilson Creek Ash 15 in the Mono Lake Basin. This implies that the Mono Lake magnetic excursion occurred at approximately 34 ka and it is not the Laschamp magnetic excursion.
The entrance of the First Americans into the northern Great Basin is dated to approximately 14.4 ka, a time when the climate was relatively dry. Evidence for human occupation of the Great Basin is lacking for the next 1100 years (y); i.e., the oldest western stemmed point site in the Great Basin dates to 133 ka. Two hypotheses are suggested for this cultural hiatus: (1) the climate had deteriorated to the point that people vacated the Great Basin, or (2) people moved to basin-bottom wetlands that persisted during the dry period, and then the subsequent Younger Dryas wet event erased the archaeological evidence deposited around the low-elevation wetland sites. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.
C1 [Benson, L. V.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Smoot, J. P.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Lund, S. P.] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Mensing, S. A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Geog, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Foit, F. F., Jr.] Washington State Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Pullman, WA 99163 USA.
[Rye, R. O.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM lbenson@usgs.gov
NR 69
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U1 0
U2 25
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1040-6182
J9 QUATERN INT
JI Quat. Int.
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 310
BP 62
EP 82
DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.02.040
PG 21
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 242CD
UT WOS:000326214100007
ER
PT J
AU Cole, KL
Fisher, JF
Ironside, K
Mead, JI
Koehler, P
AF Cole, Kenneth L.
Fisher, Jessica F.
Ironside, Kirsten
Mead, Jim I.
Koehler, Peter
TI The biogeographic histories of Pinus edulis and Pinus monophylla over
the last 50,000 years
SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID PACK-RAT MIDDENS; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; LATE-PLEISTOCENE; PINYON
PINE; GREAT-BASIN; PALEOCLIMATIC SIGNIFICANCE; HOLOCENE VEGETATION;
COLORADO PLATEAU; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTH-AMERICA
AB Well-preserved pine needles found in fossil packrat middens document the biogeographic responses of pinyon pines to changing climates over the last 50,000 years. During the full glacial Wisconsinan (MIS2), Pinus monophylla (single-needle pinyon), Pinus edulis (Colorado pinyon), and P. edulis var. fallax (Arizona singleleaf pinyon) all grew along the southern portions of their current ranges. P. monophylla extended from the southern Sierra Nevada across the Mojave Desert to northwestern Arizona. P. edulis grew from northwestern Arizona across central Arizona to New Mexico and south to westernmost Texas. P. edulis var. fallax grew throughout what is now the Sonoran Desert of southern Arizona. Application of the modern climate requirements for these species suggest that winter precipitation at this time was at least 150% of modern, but also that summer precipitation may have been somewhat greater than today, at least at the northernmost end of the Gulf of California. During the Bolling and Allerod intervals P. edulis and P. edulis var. fallax quickly expanded northward over the Mogollon Rim of central Arizona into the Little Colorado River basin and northwestern Arizona. This northerly expansion of the fallax variety during the Allerod interval suggests that temperatures were warmer than most of the latest Wisconsinan and that summer precipitation was at least 120% of modern. After the rapid warming at the start of the Holocene (11.7 ka), P. monophylla and P. edulis populations were reduced in extent as their retreating southerly stands were not immediately replaced by expansion into cooler regions. These populations slowly expanded 300-500 km northward at rates between 20 and 60 m y(-1), reaching some of their current northern limits only within the last millennium. Increases in temperature expected over the next several hundred years will result in a similar reduction in populations unless this warming is ameliorated by favorable increases in precipitation. The consistent needle anatomy and distributions of the three types relative to each other suggest that there has been little evolutionary change discernible from these needles over at least the last 25,000 years. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cole, Kenneth L.; Ironside, Kirsten] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Fisher, Jessica F.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Studies, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Mead, Jim I.] E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Geosci, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA.
[Koehler, Peter] No Arizona Univ, Dept Geol, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Cole, KL (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, POB 6077, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM ken.cole@nau.edu
RI Munguia-Vega, Adrian/G-8417-2012
NR 78
TC 4
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U1 3
U2 32
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1040-6182
J9 QUATERN INT
JI Quat. Int.
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 310
BP 96
EP 110
DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.04.037
PG 15
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 242CD
UT WOS:000326214100009
ER
PT J
AU Barron, JA
Bukry, D
Field, DB
Finney, B
AF Barron, John A.
Bukry, David
Field, David B.
Finney, Bruce
TI Response of diatoms and silicoflagellates to climate change and warming
in the California Current during the past 250 years and the recent rise
of the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia australis
SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SANTA-BARBARA BASIN; GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; DOMOIC ACID;
PSEUDONITZSCHIA-AUSTRALIS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; SURFACE SEDIMENTS;
MARINE-SEDIMENTS; CURRENT SYSTEM; GUAYMAS BASIN; NORTH PACIFIC
AB Diatoms and silicoflagellate assemblages were examined in two year-increments of varved samples spanning the interval from 1748 through 2007 in Santa Barbara Basin (SBB) box core SBBC0806 to determine the timing and impact of possible 20th century warming on several different components of the plankton. Diatoms (Thalassionema nitzschioides = TN) and silicoflagellates (Distephanus speculum s.l. = DS) indicative of cooler waters and a shallow thermocline begin to decline in the 19205 and persistently compose a lower percentage of the assemblage in the SBB by about 1940. Prior to 1940, TN constituted on average similar to 30% of the Chaetoceros-free diatom sediment assemblage and DS on average similar to 36% of the silicoflagellate assemblage. Between 1940 and 1996, these relative abundances were similar to 20% (TN) and similar to 8% (DS). These results are consistent with results from planktonic foraminifera and radiolarians that indicate an influence of 20th century warming on marine ecosystems before most scientific observations began. Cooling of surface waters coincident with the one of the strongest La Nina events of the 20th century (and a return to negative PDO conditions) in late 1998 brought about a return to pre-1940 values of these cool water taxa (TN similar to 31%, DS similar to 25%). However, this recent regional cooling appears to have been accompanied by profound changes in the diatom assemblage. Pseudo-nitzschia australis, and Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries, diatom species associated with domoic acid, a neurotoxin that causes shellfish poisoning and marine mammal deaths, rapidly became dominant in the SBB sediment record at the time of the regional cooling (1999) and increased substantially in numbers as a bloom-forming taxon (relative to Chaetoceros spores) in 2003. Prior to 2003, diatom blooms recorded in the SBB sediment record consisted predominantly of Chaetoceros spores and less commonly of Rhizosolenia-related species (Neocalyptrella robusta and Rhizosolenia setigera). Fecal pellets dominated by valves of P. australis, however, were particularly abundant in both the 2003 and 2006 samples, coincident with recorded incidents of domoic acid increase and widespread shellfish poisoning in the SBB. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.
C1 [Barron, John A.; Bukry, David] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Field, David B.] Hawaii Pacific Univ, Dept Nat & Computat Sci, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Finney, Bruce] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Finney, Bruce] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
RP Barron, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 910, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jbarron@usgs.gov; dbukry@usgs.gov; dfield@hpu.edu; finney@isu.edu
NR 58
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1040-6182
J9 QUATERN INT
JI Quat. Int.
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 310
BP 140
EP 154
DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.07.002
PG 15
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 242CD
UT WOS:000326214100012
ER
PT J
AU Keeley, WH
Germaine, SS
Stanley, TR
Spaulding, SE
Wanner, CE
AF Keeley, William H.
Germaine, Stephen S.
Stanley, Thomas R.
Spaulding, Susan E.
Wanner, Christopher E.
TI Response of brown-headed cowbirds and three host species to thinning
treatments in low-elevation ponderosa pine forests along the northern
Colorado Front Range
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Occupancy; Ponderosa pine; Pinus ponderosa; Forest thinning; Host
species; Cowbird
ID ESTIMATING DETECTION PROBABILITIES; SHORT-TERM RESPONSE; REPRODUCTIVE
SUCCESS; POINT COUNTS; RESTORATION; PARASITISM; SONGBIRDS; CASCADES;
SURVIVAL; DENSITY
AB Thinning ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests to achieve desired ecological conditions remains a priority in the North American west. In addition to reducing the risk of high-severity wildfires in unwanted areas, stand thinning may increase wildlife and plant diversity and provide increased opportunity for seedling recruitment. We initiated conservative (i.e. minimal removal of trees) ponderosa stand thinning treatments with the goals of reducing fire risk and improving habitat conditions for native wildlife and flora. We then compared site occupancy of brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater), chipping sparrows (Spizella passerina), plumbeous vireos (Vireo plumbeus), and western wood-pewees (Contopus sordidulus) in thinned and unthinned (i.e., control) forest stands from 2007 to 2009. Survey stations located in thinned stands had 64% fewer trees/ha, 25% less canopy cover, and 23% less basal area than stations in control stands. Occupancy by all three host species was negatively associated with tree density, suggesting that these species respond favorably to forest thinning treatments in ponderosa pine forests. We also encountered plumbeous vireos more frequently in plots closer to an ecotonal (forest/grassland) edge, an association that may increase their susceptibility to edge-specialist, brood parasites like brown-headed cowbirds. Occupancy of brown-headed cowbirds was not related to forest metrics but was related to occupancy by plumbeous vireos and the other host species in aggregate, supporting previous reports on the affiliation between these species. Forest management practices that promote heterogeneity in forest stand structure may benefit songbird populations in our area, but these treatments may also confer costs associated with increased cowbird occupancy. Further research is required to understand more on the complex relationships between occupancy of cowbirds and host species, and between cowbird occupancy and realized rates of nest parasitism. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Keeley, William H.; Wanner, Christopher E.] City Boulder Open Space & Mt Pk, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Germaine, Stephen S.; Stanley, Thomas R.] US Geol Survey Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Spaulding, Susan E.] Boulder Cty Pk & Open Space, Longmont, CO 80503 USA.
RP Keeley, WH (reprint author), City Boulder Open Space & Mt Pk, 66 S Cherryvale Rd, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM keeleyw@bouldercolorado.gov; germaine-s@usgs.gov; stanleyt@usgs.gov;
sspaulding@boulder-county.org; wannerc@bouldercolorado.gov
FU City of Boulder Open Space and Mountain Parks; US Geological Survey Fort
Collins Science Center; Boulder County Parks and Open Space
FX This research was funded by the City of Boulder Open Space and Mountain
Parks, Boulder County Parks and Open Space, and the US Geological Survey
Fort Collins Science Center. We thank C. Nunes, A. Haraminac, J.
Dulberger, M. McKibben, C. O'Connell, E. O'Malia, M. Durant, C. Julian,
and K. Grady for their help in the field. Special thanks to H.J.
Erickson who conducted exploratory distance-adjusted analyses on a
subset of our data. Special thanks to J. Briggs, A. Cox and an anonymous
reviewer for comments that improved this manuscript significantly. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 57
TC 0
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U1 4
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 306
BP 226
EP 233
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.06.037
PG 8
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 228MI
UT WOS:000325190500026
ER
PT J
AU Long, JM
Schaffler, JJ
AF Long, James M.
Schaffler, Jason J.
TI Documenting utility of paddlefish otoliths for quantification of metals
using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID QUALITY-ASSURANCE; FISH OTOLITHS; CHEMISTRY; SIGNATURES; EELS; LAKE
AB RATIONALE: The otoliths of the inner ear of fishes record the environment of their surrounding water throughout their life. For paddlefish (Polyodon spathula), otoliths have not been routinely used by scientists since their detriments were outlined in the early 1940s. We sought to determine if paddlefish otoliths were useful for resolving elemental information contained within.
METHODS: Adult paddlefish were collected from two wild, self-sustaining populations in Oklahoma reservoirs in the Arkansas River basin. Juveniles were obtained from a hatchery in the Red River basin of Oklahoma. Otoliths were removed and laser ablation, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to quantify eight elements (Li, Mg, Mn, Rb, Sr, Y, Ba, and Pb) along the core and edge portions, which were analyzed for differences between otolith regions and among paddlefish sources.
RESULTS: Differences were found among samples for six of the eight elements examined. Otoliths from Red River basin paddlefish born in a hatchery had significantly lower amounts of Mg and Mn, but higher levels of Rb than otoliths from wild paddlefish in the Arkansas River basin. Concentrations of Y, Sr, and Ba were reduced on the edges of adult paddlefish from both reservoirs compared with the cores.
CONCLUSIONS: This research shows the utility of using an ICP-MS analysis of paddlefish otoliths. Future research that seeks to determine sources of paddlefish production, such as which reservoir tributaries are most important for reproduction or what proportion of the population is composed of wild versus hatchery-produced individuals, appears promising. Published in 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Long, James M.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Schaffler, Jason J.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Quantitat Fisheries Ecol, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA.
RP Long, JM (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM longjm@okstate.edu
FU Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Oklahoma State
University); Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
(Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation); Oklahoma Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (U.S. Geological Survey); Oklahoma
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service); Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Wildlife
Management Institute); National Science Foundation [NSF OCE 0961421]
FX Financial support for this publication was provided by the Oklahoma
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Oklahoma State University,
Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation, U.S. Geological Survey,
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Wildlife Management Institute
cooperating). We thank K. Graves, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Tishomingo National Fish Hatchery, for providing hatchery-reared
paddlefish samples, and A. Nealis, B. Gordon, and J. Schooley, Oklahoma
Department of Wildlife Conservation, for obtaining paddlefish samples
from wild populations. We thank B. Danilowicz and three anonymous
reviewers for constructive comments that improved this manuscript. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. JJS was supported
by grant NSF OCE 0961421 from the National Science Foundation during
construction of this manuscript.
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD OCT 15
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 19
BP 2188
EP 2194
DI 10.1002/rcm.6681
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 209BA
UT WOS:000323727200008
PM 23996392
ER
PT J
AU Angeler, DG
Allen, CR
Rojo, C
Alvarez-Cobelas, M
Rodrigo, MA
Sanchez-Carrillo, S
AF Angeler, David G.
Allen, Craig R.
Rojo, Carmen
Alvarez-Cobelas, Miguel
Rodrigo, Maria A.
Sanchez-Carrillo, Salvador
TI Inferring the Relative Resilience of Alternative States
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID WHOLE-ECOSYSTEM EXPERIMENT; WETLAND CENTRAL SPAIN; REGIME SHIFTS;
COMPLEX-SYSTEMS; SHALLOW LAKES; STABLE STATES; DIVERSITY; DROUGHT;
DISCONTINUITIES; RESPONSES
AB Ecological systems may occur in alternative states that differ in ecological structures, functions and processes. Resilience is the measure of disturbance an ecological system can absorb before changing states. However, how the intrinsic structures and processes of systems that characterize their states affects their resilience remains unclear. We analyzed time series of phytoplankton communities at three sites in a floodplain in central Spain to assess the dominant frequencies or "temporal scales" in community dynamics and compared the patterns between a wet and a dry alternative state. The identified frequencies and cross-scale structures are expected to arise from positive feedbacks that are thought to reinforce processes in alternative states of ecological systems and regulate emergent phenomena such as resilience. Our analyses show a higher species richness and diversity but lower evenness in the dry state. Time series modeling revealed a decrease in the importance of short-term variability in the communities, suggesting that community dynamics slowed down in the dry relative to the wet state. The number of temporal scales at which community dynamics manifested, and the explanatory power of time series models, was lower in the dry state. The higher diversity, reduced number of temporal scales and the lower explanatory power of time series models suggest that species dynamics tended to be more stochastic in the dry state. From a resilience perspective our results highlight a paradox: increasing species richness may not necessarily enhance resilience. The loss of cross-scale structure (i.e. the lower number of temporal scales) in community dynamics across sites suggests that resilience erodes during drought. Phytoplankton communities in the dry state are therefore likely less resilient than in the wet state. Our case study demonstrates the potential of time series modeling to assess attributes that mediate resilience. The approach is useful for assessing resilience of alternative states across ecological and other complex systems.
C1 [Angeler, David G.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden.
[Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Rojo, Carmen; Rodrigo, Maria A.] Univ Valencia, Cavanilles Inst Biodivers & Evolutionary Biol, Valencia, Spain.
[Alvarez-Cobelas, Miguel; Sanchez-Carrillo, Salvador] Spanish Natl Res Council, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Madrid, Spain.
RP Angeler, DG (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden.
EM david.angeler@slu.se
RI Rodrigo, Maria/K-9079-2014; Sanchez-Carrillo, Salvador/L-1098-2014
OI Rodrigo, Maria/0000-0003-4106-0643;
FU August T. Larsson Foundation of the Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [2009 10292];
Spanish Ministry of Environment and National Parks Authority [001/2008];
U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University
of Nebraska-Lincoln; United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife
Management Institute
FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the August T. Larsson
Foundation of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. This
study was also funded by the projects CGL 2009 10292 (Spanish Ministry
of Economy and Competitiveness) and 001/2008 (Spanish Ministry of
Environment and National Parks Authority). The Nebraska Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative
agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and
Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the United States
Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute.
Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the authors or
the U.S. government. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 69
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 65
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD OCT 11
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 10
AR e77338
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0077338
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 236SL
UT WOS:000325819400110
PM 24146980
ER
PT J
AU Purcell, MK
Thompson, RL
Garver, KA
Hawley, LM
Batts, WN
Sprague, L
Sampson, C
Winton, JR
AF Purcell, Maureen K.
Thompson, Rachel L.
Garver, Kyle A.
Hawley, Laura M.
Batts, William N.
Sprague, Laura
Sampson, Corie
Winton, James R.
TI Universal reverse-transcriptase real-time PCR for infectious
hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV)
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus; HNV; Real-time PCR; Diagnostic
validation; Field validation; Steelhead trout; Reproducibility;
Genogroup
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA; QUANTITATIVE
RT-PCR; EPC CELL-LINE; RAINBOW-TROUT; FISH RHABDOVIRUS; GLYCOPROTEIN
GENE; QUANTIFICATION; AQUACULTURE; DIVERSITY
AB Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is an acute pathogen of salmonid fishes in North America, Europe and Asia and is reportable to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Phylogenetic analysis has identified 5 major virus genogroups of IHNV worldwide, designated U, M, L, E and J; multiple subtypes also exist within those genogroups. Here, we report the development and validation of a universal IHNV reverse-transcriptase real-time PCR (RT-rPCR) assay targeting the IHNV nucleocapsid (N) gene. Properties of diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) and specificity (DSp) were defined using laboratory-challenged steelhead trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, and the new assay was compared to the OIE-accepted conventional PCR test and virus isolation in cell culture. The IHNV N gene RT-rPCR had 100% DSp and DSe and a higher estimated diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) than virus culture or conventional PCR. The RT-rPCR assay was highly repeatable within a laboratory and highly reproducible between laboratories. Field testing of the assay was conducted on a random sample of juvenile steelhead collected from a hatchery raceway experiencing an IHN epizootic. The RT-rPCR detected a greater number of positive samples than cell culture and there was 40% agreement between the 2 tests. Overall, the RT-rPCR assay was highly sensitive, specific, repeatable and reproducible and is suitable for use in a diagnostic setting.
C1 [Purcell, Maureen K.; Thompson, Rachel L.; Batts, William N.; Winton, James R.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Garver, Kyle A.; Hawley, Laura M.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, Aquat Anim Hlth, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada.
[Sprague, Laura; Sampson, Corie] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Idaho Fish Hlth Ctr, Orofino, ID 83544 USA.
RP Purcell, MK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM mpurcell@usgs.gov
OI Purcell, Maureen/0000-0003-0154-8433
FU Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystem Resources Program of the US Geological
Survey; US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection
Services; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Department of Fisheries and
Oceans Canada
FX We thank Drs. G. Kurath, N. Jorgen Olesen and T. Nishizawa for
contributing viral strains. Ms. M. Waldram provided technical
assistance. Dr. D. Elliott provided assistance with statistical
analyses. Funding was provided by Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystem
Resources Program of the US Geological Survey, the US Department of
Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services, US Fish and
Wildlife Service and Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada. All
animal experiments were conducted under a protocol approved by the
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Western Fisheries
Research Center. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this
publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such
use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the US
Department of Interior, the US Geological Survey, US Fish and Wildlife
Service, or Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada of any product or
service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable.
NR 45
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 27
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD OCT 11
PY 2013
VL 106
IS 2
BP 103
EP 115
DI 10.3354/dao02644
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 234OB
UT WOS:000325652600002
PM 24113244
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, DH
Cook, RD
AF Johnson, Douglas H.
Cook, R. Dennis
TI A Model of Strength
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Johnson, Douglas H.] Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Cook, R. Dennis] Univ Minnesota, Sch Stat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Johnson, DH (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD OCT 11
PY 2013
VL 342
IS 6155
BP 192
EP 193
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 232EV
UT WOS:000325475200022
PM 24115423
ER
PT J
AU Tenan, S
Vallespir, AR
Igual, JM
Moya, O
Royle, JA
Tavecchia, G
AF Tenan, Simone
Vallespir, Andreu Rotger
Igual, Jose Manuel
Moya, Oscar
Royle, J. Andrew
Tavecchia, Giacomo
TI Population abundance, size structure and sex-ratio in an insular lizard
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Population size; Data augmentation; Capture-mark-recapture; Individual
covariates; Insular lizard; Sex-ratio
ID ESTIMATING ANIMAL ABUNDANCE; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE METHODS; COMMON LIZARD;
DENSITY; MODEL; INFERENCE; SPAIN; MARK
AB Estimating population size and understanding its variation is a fundamental, yet complicated, aim of many ecological studies. We considered the problem of estimating spring and autumn population abundance, size-dependent population structure and sex-ratio of the endemic Balearic Lizard, Podarcis lilfordi from a three occasions capture-recapture study. We used a Bayesian formulation of individual covariate models to incorporate individual sex, size and trap-response. We first considered a set of simulated data with a medium-to-low probability of recapture and individual recapture heterogeneity to evaluate potential problems in model fitting and selection. Results from simulated data indicated a low performance in parameter estimation and model selection when probability of detection was low (0.15-0.30). We found a negative permanent trap response and a positive effect of size on detection probability in the spring survey but not in the autumn one. The estimated mean densities varied from about 800 to 1000 lizards ha(-1), a high value when comparing with mainland lizard populations. The observed increase in abundance was probably due to a drop in territorial behaviour and the immigration of females into the area sampled. As a consequence, sex-ratio changed from nearly even in June (mean posterior, 95%CRI; 0.928, 0.676-1.167) to a female-skewed population in October (0.612, 0.478-0.772). (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tenan, Simone; Vallespir, Andreu Rotger; Igual, Jose Manuel; Tavecchia, Giacomo] IMEDEA CSIC UIB, Populat Ecol Grp, Esporles 07190, Mallorca, Spain.
[Tenan, Simone] MUSE Museo Sci, Sez Zool Vertebrati, I-38123 Trento, Italy.
[Tenan, Simone] Univ Pavia, DSTA Dipartimento Sci Terra & Ambiente, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Moya, Oscar] Fdn IBIT, ParcBit, Mallorca, Spain.
[Royle, J. Andrew] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Tenan, S (reprint author), MUSE Museo Sci, Sez Zool Vertebrati, Corso Lavoro & Sci 3, I-38123 Trento, Italy.
EM simone.tenan@muse.it
RI Tavecchia, Giacomo/N-3961-2014; Igual, Jose/N-3975-2014; Tenan,
Simone/N-5246-2014;
OI Tavecchia, Giacomo/0000-0001-5435-2691; Tenan,
Simone/0000-0001-5055-9193; Igual, Jose Manuel/0000-0002-8369-3150;
Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
FU Minister of Economy and Innovation of the Spanish Government
[BFU-2009-09359]; Regional Government of Balearic Islands; FEDER
funding; MUSE - Museo delle Scienze (Trento); University of Pavia
FX We thank two anonymous referees for their helpful comments and
suggestions. The research was funded by the project BFU-2009-09359 from
the Minister of Economy and Innovation of the Spanish Government. We
thank Lucia Bonnet for facilitating the access to the study area. Thanks
to IB port and "ExcursionBoat" Colonia St.Jordi, for their help with the
logistics. The Conselleria de Medi Ambient of the Balearic Government
for the permission to carry the study. Funds were partially provided by
the Regional Government of Balearic Islands and FEDER funding. ST was
funded by a PhD grant from the MUSE - Museo delle Scienze (Trento) in
collaboration with the University of Pavia.
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 54
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD OCT 10
PY 2013
VL 267
BP 39
EP 47
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.07.015
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 221KA
UT WOS:000324656600004
ER
PT J
AU Beatty, WS
Kesler, DC
Webb, EB
Raedeke, AH
Naylor, LW
Humburg, DD
AF Beatty, William S.
Kesler, Dylan C.
Webb, Elisabeth B.
Raedeke, Andrew H.
Naylor, Luke W.
Humburg, Dale D.
TI Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches to Identifying Migration
Chronology in a Continental Migrant
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID MALLARDS ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; SPRING CONDITION HYPOTHESIS; SCAUP
AYTHYA-AFFINIS; SATELLITE TELEMETRY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MISSISSIPPI FLYWAY;
DUCK ABUNDANCE; CONSEQUENCES; MOVEMENT; RESERVES
AB The degree to which extrinsic factors influence migration chronology in North American waterfowl has not been quantified, particularly for dabbling ducks. Previous studies have examined waterfowl migration using various methods, however, quantitative approaches to define avian migration chronology over broad spatio-temporal scales are limited, and the implications for using different approaches have not been assessed. We used movement data from 19 female adult mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) equipped with solar-powered global positioning system satellite transmitters to evaluate two individual level approaches for quantifying migration chronology. The first approach defined migration based on individual movements among geopolitical boundaries (state, provincial, international), whereas the second method modeled net displacement as a function of time using nonlinear models. Differences in migration chronologies identified by each of the approaches were examined with analysis of variance. The geopolitical method identified mean autumn migration midpoints at 15 November 2010 and 13 November 2011, whereas the net displacement method identified midpoints at 15 November 2010 and 14 November 2011. The mean midpoints for spring migration were 3 April 2011 and 20 March 2012 using the geopolitical method and 31 March 2011 and 22 March 2012 using the net displacement method. The duration, initiation date, midpoint, and termination date for both autumn and spring migration did not differ between the two individual level approaches. Although we did not detect differences in migration parameters between the different approaches, the net displacement metric offers broad potential to address questions in movement ecology for migrating species. Ultimately, an objective definition of migration chronology will allow researchers to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the extrinsic factors that drive migration at the individual and population levels. As a result, targeted conservation plans can be developed to support planning for habitat management and evaluation of long-term climate effects.
C1 [Beatty, William S.; Kesler, Dylan C.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Webb, Elisabeth B.] Univ Missouri, Missouri Cooperat Fisheries & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO USA.
[Raedeke, Andrew H.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Columbia, MO USA.
[Naylor, Luke W.] Arkansas Game & Fish Commiss, Little Rock, AR USA.
[Humburg, Dale D.] Ducks Unlit, Memphis, TN USA.
RP Beatty, WS (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM beattyw@missouri.edu
OI Beatty, William/0000-0003-0013-3113
FU Missouri Department of Conservation [346, MCC-01-01-00]; USDA Natural
Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Conservation Effects Assessment
Project [68-3A75-11-39]; Arkansas Game and Fish Commission; Ducks
Unlimited; Missouri Department of Conservation; University of Missouri;
U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife
Management Institute
FX This research was funded by the Missouri Department of Conservation
(Cooperative Agreement 346, Master Memorandum of Understanding
MCC-01-01-00), USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
Conservation Effects Assessment Project (68-3A75-11-39), Arkansas Game
and Fish Commission, and Ducks Unlimited. The Missouri Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the Missouri
Department of Conservation, the University of Missouri, the U.S.
Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife
Management Institute. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 46
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 40
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD OCT 9
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 10
AR e75673
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0075673
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 236PJ
UT WOS:000325810900051
PM 24130732
ER
PT J
AU Rudel, D
Douglas, CD
Huffnagle, IM
Besser, JM
Ingersoll, CG
AF Rudel, David
Douglas, Chandler D.
Huffnagle, Ian M.
Besser, John M.
Ingersoll, Christopher G.
TI Assaying Environmental Nickel Toxicity Using Model Nematodes
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; PRISTIONCHUS-PACIFICUS; EMERGING MODEL;
LUNG-CANCER; CARCINOGENESIS; RISK; SOIL; EVOLUTION; GENETICS; MOTILITY
AB Although nickel exposure results in allergic reactions, respiratory conditions, and cancer in humans and rodents, the ramifications of excess nickel in the environment for animal and human health remain largely undescribed. Nickel and other cationic metals travel through waterways and bind to soils and sediments. To evaluate the potential toxic effects of nickel at environmental contaminant levels (8.9-7,600 mu g Ni/g dry weight of sediment and 50-800 mu g NiCl2/L of water), we conducted assays using two cosmopolitan nematodes, Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus. We assayed the effects of both sediment-bound and aqueous nickel upon animal growth, developmental survival, lifespan, and fecundity. Uncontaminated sediments were collected from sites in the Midwestern United States and spiked with a range of nickel concentrations. We found that nickel-spiked sediment substantially impairs both survival from larval to adult stages and adult longevity in a concentration-dependent manner. Further, while aqueous nickel showed no adverse effects on either survivorship or longevity, we observed a significant decrease in fecundity, indicating that aqueous nickel could have a negative impact on nematode physiology. Intriguingly, C. elegans and P. pacificus exhibit similar, but not identical, responses to nickel exposure. Moreover, P. pacificus could be tested successfully in sediments inhospitable to C. elegans. Our results add to a growing body of literature documenting the impact of nickel on animal physiology, and suggest that environmental toxicological studies could gain an advantage by widening their repertoire of nematode species.
C1 [Rudel, David; Douglas, Chandler D.; Huffnagle, Ian M.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
[Besser, John M.; Ingersoll, Christopher G.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO USA.
RP Rudel, D (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
EM rudeld@ecu.edu
FU United States Geological Survey (USGS); East Carolina University
FX Funding was provided by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and
laboratory start up funds from East Carolina University. The USGS
provided feedback on experimental design according to field and
international monitoring standards. They also provided core resources
and materials, i.e. sediments and test water. The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 60
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 19
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD OCT 7
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 10
AR UNSP e77079
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0077079
PG 17
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 232NS
UT WOS:000325501300113
PM 24116204
ER
PT J
AU Moser, WE
Fend, SV
Richardson, DJ
Hammond, CI
Lazo-Wasem, EA
Govedich, FR
Gullo, BS
AF Moser, William E.
Fend, Steven V.
Richardson, Dennis J.
Hammond, Charlotte I.
Lazo-Wasem, Eric A.
Govedich, Fredric R.
Gullo, Bettina S.
TI A new species of Helobdella (Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae) from Oregon,
USA
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Helobdella californica; Helobdella simplex; Helobdella atli; Pacific
Northwest; Oregon; Upper Klamath Lake; Glossiphoniidae; Hirudinea;
Rhychobdellida; Clitellata; leech
ID MITOCHONDRIAL GENE-SEQUENCES; LEECH FAMILY GLOSSIPHONIIDAE;
MORPHOLOGICAL DATA; ANNELIDA; PHYLOGENY; TAXONOMY
AB Helobdella bowermani n. sp. is described from specimens collected in fine sediment of open water benthos of Upper Klamath Lake, Klamath County, Oregon. The new species has pale yellow/buff coloration with scattered chromatophore blotches throughout the dorsal surface, lateral extensions or papillae only on the a2 annulus, dorsal medial row of papillae with small papilla on a1 and larger papillae on a2 and a3, and a small oval scute ( rarely triangular). Helobdella bowermani n. sp. is morphologically similar to Helobdella atli and Helobdella simplex. Molecular comparison of CO-I sequence data from H. bowermani n. sp. revealed differences of 10.6%-10.8% with Helobdella californica, differences of 12.2%-13.7% with H. atli, and differences of 12.7%-13.2% with H. simplex.
C1 [Moser, William E.] Museum Support Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[Fend, Steven V.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Richardson, Dennis J.; Hammond, Charlotte I.] Quinnipiac Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Hamden, CT 06518 USA.
[Lazo-Wasem, Eric A.] Yale Univ, Peabody Museum Nat Hist, Div Invertebrate Zool, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Govedich, Fredric R.] Southern Utah Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Cedar City, UT 84720 USA.
[Gullo, Bettina S.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Fac Ciencias Nat & Museo, Catedra Zool Invertebrados 1, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
RP Moser, WE (reprint author), Museum Support Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, MRC 534,4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
EM moserw@si.edu; svfend@usgs.gov; Dennis.Richardson@quinnipiac.edu;
Charlotte.Hammond@quinnipiac.edu; eric.lazo-wasem@yale.edu;
govedich@suu.edu; bgullo@fcnym.unlp.edu.ar
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 1
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD OCT 4
PY 2013
VL 3718
IS 3
BP 287
EP 294
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 227QL
UT WOS:000325128400005
PM 26258224
ER
PT J
AU Chesser, RT
AF Chesser, R. Terry
TI On the correct name of Icterus bullockii (Passeriformes: Icteridae)
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Chesser, RT (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM chessert@si.edu
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD OCT 4
PY 2013
VL 3718
IS 3
BP 295
EP 296
PG 2
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 227QL
UT WOS:000325128400006
PM 26258225
ER
PT J
AU Peloso, PLV
Mcdiarmid, RW
Caramaschi, U
AF Peloso, Pedro L. V.
Mcdiarmid, Roy W.
Caramaschi, Ulisses
TI The gender of "cleis": correct spelling of Chiasmocleis supercilialbus
Morales and McDiarmid, 2009, and Elachistocleis magnus Toledo, 2010
(Anura, Microhylidae)
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Peloso, Pedro L. V.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Vertebrate Zool Herpetol, New York, NY 10024 USA.
[Peloso, Pedro L. V.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Richard Gilder Grad Sch, New York, NY 10024 USA.
[Mcdiarmid, Roy W.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Caramaschi, Ulisses] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacl, Dept Vertebrados, BR-20940040 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
RP Peloso, PLV (reprint author), Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Vertebrate Zool Herpetol, Cent Pk West & 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA.
EM pedropeloso@gmail.com; mcdiarmr@si.edu; ulisses@acd.ufrj.br
RI Peloso, Pedro/I-3463-2015; Caramaschi, Ulisses/N-5189-2016
OI Peloso, Pedro/0000-0003-0127-8293; Caramaschi,
Ulisses/0000-0003-1534-1038
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD OCT 4
PY 2013
VL 3718
IS 3
BP 297
EP 298
PG 2
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 227QL
UT WOS:000325128400007
PM 26258226
ER
PT J
AU Hostettler, FD
Lorenson, TD
Bekins, BA
AF Hostettler, Frances D.
Lorenson, Thomas D.
Bekins, Barbara A.
TI Petroleum Fingerprinting with Organic Markers
SO ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE petroleum fingerprinting; tarballs; depositional environment;
biomarkers; diesel; biodegradation
ID PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; NATIONAL-MARINE-SANCTUARY; PAH REFRACTORY INDEX;
CRUDE-OIL; ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY; SOURCE DISCRIMINANT; HYDROCARBON
INPUT; ALASKA; CALIFORNIA; SEDIMENTS
AB Petroleum fingerprinting is an invaluable tool in forensic geochemistry. This article summarizes applications of fingerprinting in several oil spills and natural oil seepages that we have studied during the last 25years. It shows how each unique chemical fingerprint can be used to correlate or differentiate oils. Fingerprints can provide information about processes in the environment that impact oils such as weathering and microbial degradation. They can be used to evaluate organic matter that contributed to oils, and classify oils with regard to the geological framework of their source, such as evaluating geological facies, age, lithology, and depositional environment.
C1 [Hostettler, Frances D.; Lorenson, Thomas D.; Bekins, Barbara A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Hostettler, FD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM fdhostet@usgs.gov
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 52
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1527-5922
EI 1527-5930
J9 ENVIRON FORENSICS
JI Environ. Forensics
PD OCT 2
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 4
SI SI
BP 262
EP 277
DI 10.1080/15275922.2013.843611
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 256DY
UT WOS:000327291100002
ER
PT J
AU Wisniewski, JM
Shea, CP
Abbott, S
Stringfellow, RC
AF Wisniewski, Jason M.
Shea, Colin P.
Abbott, Sandy
Stringfellow, R. Carson
TI Imperfect Recapture: A Potential Source of Bias in Freshwater Mussel
Studies
SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; MARK-RECAPTURE; DETECTION PROBABILITY; TEMPORARY
EMIGRATION; COMPLANATA MOLLUSCA; ELLIPTIO-COMPLANATA; COASTAL-PLAIN;
ROBUST DESIGN; LOWLAND RIVER; COMMUNITIES
AB Assessing the population status and dynamics of species is an important component of monitoring efforts aimed at improving understanding of relationships between freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) and their environment. Most freshwater mussel population assessments are conducted using raw count (density, abundance) or presence/absence data but relatively few studies account for potential biases associated with incomplete detection of individuals or species during sampling. We conducted a capturemark- recapture study over 7 y to assess survival and recapture probabilities of three federally endangered freshwater mussels in a small southeastern U.S. stream. Although similar numbers of mussels were collected among sampling occasions, only a small proportion of the individuals present within the sampling site were collected on any given occasion. Mean apparent survival was 0.81 and did not vary among species or among years. Modeling results indicated that recapture probabilities varied among species, through time, and among individuals as a function of shell length. Recapture probabilities for Pleurobema pyriforme and Medionidus penicillatus increased with increased shell length, whereas recapture probabilities for Hamiota subangulata decreased with increasing shell length. Under the generally accepted assumption of constant recapture among sampling occasions, apparent survival estimates ranged from 0.89 to 0.99 among the three species and decreased for H. subangulata with increased shell length. Our study demonstrates that failure to account for incomplete recapture of freshwater mussels could bias inferences regarding the status and trajectory of mussel populations, which may in turn result in the implementation of ineffective management and conservation strategies.
C1 [Wisniewski, Jason M.] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Wildlife Resources Div, Nongame Conservat Sect, Social Circle, GA 30025 USA.
[Shea, Colin P.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Abbott, Sandy] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Georgia Ecol Serv, Ft Benning, GA 31995 USA.
[Stringfellow, R. Carson] Columbus State Univ, Dept Biol, Columbus, GA 31907 USA.
RP Wisniewski, JM (reprint author), Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Wildlife Resources Div, Nongame Conservat Sect, Social Circle, GA 30025 USA.
EM jason.wisniewski@dnr.state.ga.us
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Georgia Department of Natural
Resources
FX This study is dedicated to coauthor Carson Stringfellow whose untimely
passing during the preparation of this manuscript left a void in mussel
conservation in the Southeast. Carson was not only a colleague but a
friend who is dearly missed. We would like to thank the many individuals
who assisted during field sampling, including Karen Herrington, Sandy
Pursifull, Beau Dudley, Paul Benton, Andrea Fritts, Justin Dycus, Jason
Emmel, Ryan Harrell, Katie Owers, Will Pruitt, Amos Tuck, Mieko Camp,
Deb Weiler, and the 2011 Columbus State University Malacology Class.
Special thanks to Stephen Golladay, the J.W. Jones Ecological Research
Center, and students of the first annual ACF Mussel Identification class
for assisting in the initiation of this project. The manuscript was
improved with suggestions from Jim Peterson, Brett Albanese, David Berg,
and anonymous reviewers. This project was funded through the State
Wildlife Grant Program in cooperation with the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service and the Georgia Department of Natural Resources.
NR 65
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U2 18
PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST
PI NOTRE DAME
PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA
SN 0003-0031
EI 1938-4238
J9 AM MIDL NAT
JI Am. Midl. Nat.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 170
IS 2
BP 229
EP 247
DI 10.1674/0003-0031-170.2.229
PG 19
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK1WP
UT WOS:000338209500003
ER
PT J
AU Hersey, KA
Clark, JD
Layzer, JB
AF Hersey, Kimberly Asmus
Clark, Joseph D.
Layzer, James B.
TI Consumption of Freshwater Bivalves by Muskrats in the Green River,
Kentucky
SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID SIZE-SELECTIVE PREDATION; ISOTOPE MIXING MODELS; ONDATRA-ZIBETHICUS;
STABLE-ISOTOPES; UNIONID CLAMS; NORTH-AMERICA; MUSSELS; DIGESTIBILITY;
POPULATION; MAMMALS
AB Muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) are known to prey on freshwater bivalves (mussels and clams) and can negatively impact imperiled mussel species. However, factors that influence muskrat predation on bivalves are poorly understood. We evaluated the feeding ecology of muskrats in the Green River, Kentucky, by using stable isotope analysis of muskrat hair samples and by monitoring bivalve shell deposition at muskrat middens. Bayesian mixing-model analysis of stable isotope delta N-15 and delta C-13 ratios revealed that the median muskrat biomass derived from bivalves was 51.4% (5th and 95th percentiles were 39.1 to 63.4%, respectively), a much higher dietary proportion than previously reported. Shell depositions by muskrats at middens decreased with the availability of seasonal emergent vegetation, suggesting that the consumption of animal matter is in response to a scarcity of plant foods, perhaps exacerbated by the altered flow regimes on the Green River. Our results add to the growing body of evidence that muskrats have the potential to impact mussel population growth and recovery in some environments.
C1 [Hersey, Kimberly Asmus] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Clark, Joseph D.] Univ Tennessee, US Geol Survey, Southern Appalachian Res Branch, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Layzer, James B.] Tennessee Technol Univ, US Geol Survey, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
RP Clark, JD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, US Geol Survey, Southern Appalachian Res Branch, 274 Ellington Plant Sci Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM jclark1@utk.edu
FU National Park Service; United States Geological Survey
FX We wish to thank M. Depoy, S. Thomas, J. Meiman, and L. Scroggins of
Mammoth Cave National Park for logistical support and project
assistance. We would also like to acknowledge J. Freedman, E. O'Toole,
P. Roby, R. Gingerich, and C. Bromley for their assistance with
fieldwork and K. Hersey for statistical help. We are grateful to R.
Williamson for collecting additional plant samples for us and to J.
Teunissen van Manen for her comments and suggestions on earlier
manuscripts. Thanks are extended to J. Keough for advice on stable
isotope analyses and the personnel of the Alaska Stable Isotope Facility
for sample analysis. A. Casper provided valuable comments on previous
versions of this manuscript. Finally, we thank the editors and peer
reviewers of this work for their constructive comments. This project was
made possible by funding from the National Park Service and United
States Geological Survey. The use of trade names is for the information
and convenience of the reader and does not constitute official
endorsement or approval by the University of Tennessee or the U.S.
Geological Survey of any product to the exclusion of others that may be
suitable.
NR 51
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U2 13
PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST
PI NOTRE DAME
PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA
SN 0003-0031
EI 1938-4238
J9 AM MIDL NAT
JI Am. Midl. Nat.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 170
IS 2
BP 248
EP 259
DI 10.1674/0003-0031-170.2.248
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK1WP
UT WOS:000338209500004
ER
PT J
AU Owens, BE
Belkin, HE
Zerolis, JM
AF Owens, B. E.
Belkin, H. E.
Zerolis, J. M.
TI Margarite, corundum, gahnite and zincohogbomite in a blackwall, Raleigh
Terrane, Eastern Piedmont Province, USA
SO MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
DE blackwall; margarite; corundum; gahnite; hogbomite
ID DIASPORE-BEARING METABAUXITE; GRANULITE-FACIES TERRANES; MASSIVE SULFIDE
DEPOSITS; GRADE METAMORPHIC ROCKS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SAMOS GREECE;
PARAGENETIC RELATIONS; ARCHEAN ANORTHOSITES; SOUTHERN MADAGASCAR;
AMPHIBOLITE-FACIES
AB We report an unusual occurrence of margarite, corundum, gahnite and zincohogbomite from the Raleigh terrane in the Piedmont Province of Virginia. The assemblage occurs in a chlorite-rich blackwall associated with a small metamorphosed ultramafic rock body. The blackwall is dominated by chlorite, but also contains distinctive clusters (1-4 mm across) that typically consist of ragged Zn-rich spinel grains surrounded by masses of randomly oriented margarite. Also spatially associated with spinel are smaller grains of corundum and hogbomite. In most cases, spinel and hogbomite are sufficiently enriched in Zn to be called gahnite and zincohogbomite, respectively. Some hogbomite grains are distinctly banded in back-scattered electron images, primarily reflecting variations in Zn-content. Textures suggest that hogbomite formed at the expense of spinel (although locally the reverse relationship holds), and hogbomite compositions mimic those of spinel. Margarite appears to be a later phase, and textures imply formation via reactions with spinel, corundum and, possibly, chlorite. This occurrence of Zn-rich spinel and hogbomite is clearly related to the bulk composition of the blackwall rock, which contains >2500 ppm Zn. The origin of this Zn-rich composition is unclear, but could be due to a small amount of sphalerite or zincian-staurolite in the protolith.
C1 [Owens, B. E.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Geol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
[Belkin, H. E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Owens, BE (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Geol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
EM beowen@wm.edu
OI Belkin, Harvey/0000-0001-7879-6529
FU Ellen Stofan fund at the College of William and Mary
FX The authors thank C. R. Berquist, Jr., of the Virginia Division of
Geology and Mineral Resources for originally pointing out this
occurrence of ultramafic rock. We also thank Stephen Herman of the
Ocean, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences Department at Old Dominion
University, Virginia, for preliminary assistance with microprobe
identification of these minerals. Funding for a portion of this project
from the Ellen Stofan fund at the College of William and Mary is
gratefully acknowledged. We also appreciate the constructive comments of
J.W. Horton, Jr. (USGS) and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 76
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U2 6
PU MINERALOGICAL SOC
PI TWICKENHAM
PA 12 BAYLIS MEWS, AMYAND PARK ROAD,, TWICKENHAM TW1 3HQ, MIDDLESEX,
ENGLAND
SN 0026-461X
EI 1471-8022
J9 MINERAL MAG
JI Mineral. Mag.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 7
BP 2913
EP 2929
DI 10.1180/minmag.2013.077.7.03
PG 17
WC Mineralogy
SC Mineralogy
GA AC3XO
UT WOS:000332455000003
ER
PT J
AU Plasil, J
Kampf, AR
Kasatkin, AV
Marty, J
Skoda, R
Silva, S
Cejka, J
AF Plasil, J.
Kampf, A. R.
Kasatkin, A. V.
Marty, J.
Skoda, R.
Silva, S.
Cejka, J.
TI Meisserite, Na-5(UO2)(SO4)(3)(SO3OH)(H2O), a new uranyl sulfate mineral
from the Blue Lizard mine, San Juan County, Utah, USA
SO MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Meisserite; new mineral; uranyl sulfate; crystal structure; Raman
spectroscopy; infrared spectroscopy; oxidation zone; acid-mine drainage;
uranium; Blue Lizard mine; Utah
ID CHARGE-FLIPPING ALGORITHM; BOND-VALENCE PARAMETERS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; URANIUM MINERALS; HYDROGEN SULFATE; ZIPPEITE-GROUP;
CHEMISTRY; MITRYAEVAITE; OXIDATION
AB Meisserite (IMA2013-039), Na-5(UO2)(SO4)(3)(SO3OH)(H2O), is a new uranyl sulfate mineral from the Blue Lizard mine, San Juan County, Utah (USA). It is named in honour of the prominent Swiss mineralogist Nicolas Meisser. The new mineral was found in a sandstone matrix and is associated with chalcanthite, copiapite, ferrinatrite, gypsum, johannite and another new Na-bearing uranyl sulfate, belakovskiite (IMA2013-075). Meisserite is a secondary mineral formed by the post-mining weathering of uraninite. The mineral is triclinic, P (1) over bar, a = 5.32317(10), b = 11.5105(2), c = 13.5562(10) angstrom, alpha = 102.864(7)degrees, beta = 97.414(7)degrees, gamma = 91.461(6)degrees, V = 801.74(6) angstrom(3), and Z = 2. Crystals are prisms elongated on [ 100], up to 0.3 mm long, exhibiting the forms {010} and {001}. Meisserite is pale green to yellowish green, translucent to transparent and has a very pale yellow streak. It is brittle, with fair cleavage on {100} and {001}, and uneven fracture. The Mohs hardness is estimated at 2. Meisserite is somewhat hygroscopic and easily soluble in water. The calculated density based on the empirical formula is 3.208 g/cm(3). Meisserite exhibits bright yellow green fluorescence under both long-and shortwave UV radiation. The mineral is optically biaxial (-), with alpha = 1.514(1), beta = 1.546(1), gamma = 1.557(1) (measured in white light). The measured 2V is 60(2)degrees and the calculated 2V is 60 degrees. Dispersion is r > v, perceptible, and the optical orientation is X approximate to a, Z approximate to c*. The mineral is pleochroic, with X (colourless) < Y (pale yellow) approximate to Z (pale greenish yellow). The empirical formula of meisserite (based on 19 O a.p.f.u.) is Na-5.05(U0.94O2)(SO4)(3)[SO2.69(OH)(1.31)](H2O). The Raman spectrum is dominated by the symmetric stretching vibrations of UO22+, SO42- and also weaker O-H stretching vibrations. The eight strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines are [d(obs) in angstrom (hkl) I-rel]: 13.15 (001) 81, 6.33 (0 (1) over bar2) 62, 5.64 (0 (2) over bar1,020) 52, 5.24 (100,012,(1) over bar 01) 100, 4.67 (101) 68, 3.849 ((1) over bar(2) over bar ,022) 48, 3.614 (0 (3) over bar2, (1) over bar(1) over bar3) 41, and 3.293 ((1) over bar 13,004) 43. The crystal structure of meisserite (R-1 = 0.018 for 3306 reflections with I-obs > 3 sigma I) is topologically unique among known structures of uranyl minerals and inorganic compounds. It contains uranyl pentagonal bipyramids linked by SO4 groups to form chains. Na+ cations bond to O atoms in the chains and to an SO3OH group and an H2O group between the chains, thereby forming a heteropolyhedral framework.
C1 [Plasil, J.] Inst Phys ASCR, Vvi, CZ-18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
[Kampf, A. R.] Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Dept Mineral Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA.
[Kasatkin, A. V.] VO Almazjuvelirexport, Moscow 119034, Russia.
[Skoda, R.] Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Geol Sci, CS-61137 Brno, Czech Republic.
[Silva, S.] USGS, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Cejka, J.] Natl Museum, Dept Mineral & Petr, CZ-19300 Prague 9, Czech Republic.
RP Plasil, J (reprint author), Inst Phys ASCR, Vvi, Na Slovance 2, CZ-18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
EM plasil@fzu.cz
RI Plasil, Jakub/D-2097-2014; Skoda, Radek/A-7669-2013
OI Skoda, Radek/0000-0001-6097-4294
FU Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [13-31276P]; Academy of Sciences of
the Czech Republic; Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (National
Museum) [DKRVO 2013/02, 0002 3272]; John Jago Trelawney Endowment
FX The authors are grateful to Ladislav Lapcak (Institute of Chemical
Technology, Prague) for help with Raman spectroscopic analysis. This
paper benefited from reviews by Stuart Mills, an anonymous reviewer and
structures editor Peter Leverett. This study was financially supported
as post-doctoral project 13-31276P of the Grant Agency of the Czech
Republic to JP and by the grant Premium Academiae of the Academy of
Sciences of the Czech Republic; through the long-term project DKRVO
2013/02 of the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (National
Museum, 0002 3272) to JC. and also by the John Jago Trelawney Endowment
to the Mineral Sciences Department of the Natural History Museum of Los
Angeles County.
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U2 13
PU MINERALOGICAL SOC
PI TWICKENHAM
PA 12 BAYLIS MEWS, AMYAND PARK ROAD,, TWICKENHAM TW1 3HQ, MIDDLESEX,
ENGLAND
SN 0026-461X
EI 1471-8022
J9 MINERAL MAG
JI Mineral. Mag.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 7
BP 2975
EP 2988
DI 10.1180/minmag.2013.077.7.07
PG 14
WC Mineralogy
SC Mineralogy
GA AC3XO
UT WOS:000332455000007
ER
PT J
AU Barnhart, WD
Lohman, RB
AF Barnhart, William D.
Lohman, Rowena B.
TI Characterizing and estimating noise in InSAR and InSAR time series with
MODIS
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE InSAR time series error analysis; MODIS
ID APERTURE RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; SURFACE DEFORMATION; PERMANENT
SCATTERERS; DISPLACEMENT FIELD; GPS METEOROLOGY; EARTHQUAKE; WATER;
CALIFORNIA; MODELS; CONSTRAINTS
AB InSAR time series analysis is increasingly used to image subcentimeter displacement rates of the ground surface. The precision of InSAR observations is often affected by several noise sources, including spatially correlated noise from the turbulent atmosphere. Under ideal scenarios, InSAR time series techniques can substantially mitigate these effects; however, in practice the temporal distribution of InSAR acquisitions over much of the world exhibit seasonal biases, long temporal gaps, and insufficient acquisitions to confidently obtain the precisions desired for tectonic research. Here, we introduce a technique for constraining the magnitude of errors expected from atmospheric phase delays on the ground displacement rates inferred from an InSAR time series using independent observations of precipitable water vapor from MODIS. We implement a Monte Carlo error estimation technique based on multiple (100+) MODIS-based time series that sample date ranges close to the acquisitions times of the available SAR imagery. This stochastic approach allows evaluation of the significance of signals present in the final time series product, in particular their correlation with topography and seasonality. We find that topographically correlated noise in individual interferograms is not spatially stationary, even over short-spatial scales (<10 km). Overall, MODIS-inferred displacements and velocities exhibit errors of similar magnitude to the variability within an InSAR time series. We examine the MODIS-based confidence bounds in regions with a range of inferred displacement rates, and find we are capable of resolving velocities as low as 1.5 mm/yr with uncertainties increasing to similar to 6 mm/yr in regions with higher topographic relief.
C1 [Barnhart, William D.; Lohman, Rowena B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Barnhart, William D.] US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Barnhart, WD (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM wbarnhart@usgs.gov
RI Lohman, Rowena/C-2324-2013; Barnhart, William/L-9446-2015
OI Lohman, Rowena/0000-0001-7240-3165;
FU Southern California Earthquake Center [12096]
FX S. Minson and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful commentary and
guidance during the preparation of this manuscript. ENVISAT imagery was
provided through a Category-1 proposal through the European Space
Agency. This work was funded by the Southern California Earthquake
Center, grant 12096. Several figures made using the Generic Mapping
Tools [Wessel and Smith, 1998].
NR 49
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U2 20
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 10
BP 4121
EP 4132
DI 10.1002/ggge.20258
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 301KO
UT WOS:000330531400014
ER
PT J
AU Clague, DA
Dreyer, BM
Paduan, JB
Martin, JF
Chadwick, WW
Caress, DW
Portner, RA
Guilderson, TP
McGann, ML
Thomas, H
Butterfield, DA
Embley, RW
AF Clague, David A.
Dreyer, Brian M.
Paduan, Jennifer B.
Martin, Julie F.
Chadwick, William W.
Caress, David W.
Portner, Ryan A.
Guilderson, Thomas P.
McGann, Mary L.
Thomas, Hans
Butterfield, David A.
Embley, Robert W.
TI Geologic history of the summit of Axial Seamount, Juan de Fuca Ridge
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Axial Seamount; Juan de Fuca Ridge; geologic; mapping; lava flows
ID EAST PACIFIC RISE; LAVA-FLOW MORPHOLOGY; RA-226 TH-230 DISEQUILIBRIUM;
NORTHERN CLEFT SEGMENT; APRIL 2011 ERUPTION; MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE;
MIDOCEAN RIDGE; SHEET FLOWS; EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIONS; BATHYMETRIC SURVEYS
AB Multibeam (1 m resolution) and side scan data collected from an autonomous underwater vehicle, and lava samples, radiocarbon-dated sediment cores, and observations of flow contacts collected by remotely operated vehicle were combined to reconstruct the geologic history and flow emplacement processes on Axial Seamount's summit and upper rift zones. The maps show 52 post-410 CE lava flows and 20 precaldera lava flows as old as 31.2 kyr, the inferred age of the caldera. Clastic deposits 1-2 m thick accumulated on the rims postcaldera. Between 31 ka and 410 CE, there are no known lava flows near the summit. The oldest postcaldera lava (410 CE) is a pillow cone SE of the caldera. Two flows erupted on the W rim between similar to 800 and 1000 CE. From 1220 to 1300 CE, generally small eruptions of plagioclase phyric, depleted, mafic lava occurred in the central caldera and on the east rim. Larger post-1400 CE eruptions produced inflated lobate flows of aphyric, less-depleted, and less mafic lava on the upper rift zones and in the N and S caldera. All caldera floor lava flows, and most uppermost rift zone flows, postdate 1220 CE. Activity shifted from the central caldera to the upper S rift outside the caldera, to the N rift and caldera floor, and then to the S caldera and uppermost S rift, where two historical eruptions occurred in 1998 and 2011. The average recurrence interval deduced from the flows erupted over the last 800 years is statistically identical to the 13 year interval between historical eruptions.
C1 [Clague, David A.; Paduan, Jennifer B.; Caress, David W.; Portner, Ryan A.; Thomas, Hans] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Dreyer, Brian M.; Guilderson, Thomas P.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Chadwick, William W.] Oregon State Univ, CIMRS, Newport, OR USA.
[Guilderson, Thomas P.] LLNL, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA USA.
[McGann, Mary L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Butterfield, David A.] JISAO PMEL, Seattle, WA USA.
[Embley, Robert W.] NOAA, PMEL, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR USA.
RP Clague, DA (reprint author), Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
EM clague@mbari.org
RI Butterfield, David/H-3815-2016;
OI Butterfield, David/0000-0002-1595-9279; Dreyer,
Brian/0000-0003-0992-6929; Caress, David/0000-0002-6596-9133
FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation; U. S. Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NSF
[OCE-1061176, OCE-1060515]; PMEL [3993]
FX This study could not have been done without the support, hard work, and
professionalism of the ships' captains and crews on the R/V Western
Flyer and the R/V Zephyr and the ROV teams for Tiburon and Doc Ricketts.
The dive programs benefitted from the assistance at sea of numerous
colleagues and graduate students. The AUV missions in 2006-2008 were
conducted off the R/V Thompson and the R/V Atlantis and their ships'
crews were instrumental in successful launches and recoveries of the
still developmental AUV. Chief Scientist Jim Holden graciously made the
ship time available to us to launch and recover the AUV in 2008. AUV
team members Doug Conlin and Duane Thompson assisted with operations
during the years of AUV data collection. John Delaney and Deb Kelley
kindly provided access to their Simrad EM302 data collected in late
summer 2011; the multibeam amplitude data identified the
high-backscatter flows on the west flank of the caldera better than in
prior data sets. We thank Alice Davis at MBARI and Robert Oscarson at
the U.S. Geological Survey in Menlo Park, and Sarah Roeske, Brian Joy,
and Nick Botto at University of California at Davis for assistance with
microprobe analyses. DAC, JBP, JFM, DWC, HT, and RAP; collection of the
AUV multibeam data in 2006-2008 off the R/V Thompson and the R/V
Atlantis and in 2009 and 2011 off the R/V Zephyr; postcruise AUV data
processing; and ROV dives using Tiburon in 2005 and 2006 and Doc
Ricketts in 2009 and 2011 off the R/V Western Flyer were supported by
grants to MBARI from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. A portion
of this work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344. Final integration of the sample data with the AUV
maps was also supported by NSF grants OCE-1061176 to BMD and OCE-1060515
to DAC and PMEL contribution number 3993.
NR 105
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U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 10
BP 4403
EP 4443
DI 10.1002/ggge.20240
PG 41
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 301KO
UT WOS:000330531400031
ER
PT J
AU Liu, XW
Byrne, RH
Adornato, L
Yates, KK
Kaltenbacher, E
Ding, XL
Yang, B
AF Liu, Xuewu
Byrne, Robert H.
Adornato, Lori
Yates, Kimberly K.
Kaltenbacher, Eric
Ding, Xiaoling
Yang, Bo
TI In Situ Spectrophotometric Measurement of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon in
Seawater
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PATHLENGTH ABSORBENCY SPECTROSCOPY; CORE WAVE-GUIDE; PH MEASUREMENTS;
CRESOL PURPLE; OCEAN; WATER; CALIBRATION; SATURATION; DIOXIDE; SENSORS
AB Autonomous in situ sensors are needed to document the effects of today's rapid ocean uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide (e.g., ocean acidification). General environmental conditions (e.g., biofouling, turbidity) and carbon-specific conditions (e.g., wide diel variations) present significant challenges to acquiring long-term measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) with satisfactory accuracy and resolution. SEAS-DIC is a new in situ instrument designed to provide calibrated, high-frequency, long-term measurements of DIC in marine and fresh waters. Sample water is first acidified to convert all DIC to carbon dioxide (CO2). The sample and a known reagent solution are then equilibrated across a gas-permeable membrane. Spectrophotometric measurement of reagent pH can thereby determine the sample DIC over a wide dynamic range, with inherent calibration provided by the pH indicator's molecular characteristics. Field trials indicate that SEAS-DIC performs well in biofouling and turbid waters, with a DIC accuracy and precision of similar to 2 mu mol kg(-1) and a measurement rate of approximately once per minute. The acidic reagent protects the sensor cell from biofouling, and the gas-permeable membrane excludes particulates from the optical path. This instrument, the first spectrophotometric system capable of automated in situ DIC measurements, positions DIC to become a key parameter for in situ CO2-system characterizations.
C1 [Liu, Xuewu; Byrne, Robert H.; Ding, Xiaoling; Yang, Bo] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Adornato, Lori; Kaltenbacher, Eric] SRI Int, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Yates, Kimberly K.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Byrne, RH (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM rhbyrne@usf.edu
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-1029778, OCE-1030019]; Office of Naval
Research [N00014-10-1-0787]; USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program
FX This project was supported by National Science Foundation grants
(OCE-1029778 and OCE-1030019) and an Office of Naval Research grant
(N00014-10-1-0787). Florida Bay field activities were funded by the USGS
Coastal and Marine Geology Program. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government. The authors greatly appreciate the help of the
Everglades National Park's Florida Bay ranger station. We owe a debt of
gratitude to Tonya Clayton for technical discussions and editorial
expertise, particularly during the manuscript revision. We gratefully
acknowledge the insightful comments from three reviewers, whose
suggestions improved the manuscript.
NR 44
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PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 19
BP 11106
EP 11114
DI 10.1021/es4014807
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 295CT
UT WOS:000330094900046
PM 23991621
ER
PT J
AU Lemly, AD
Skorupa, JP
AF Lemly, A. Dennis
Skorupa, Joseph P.
TI Response to Comments on "Wildlife and the Coal Waste Policy Debate:
Proposed Rules for Coal Waste Disposal Ignore Lessons from 45 years of
Wildlife Poisoning"
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; TENNESSEE; KINGSTON; ASH
C1 [Lemly, A. Dennis] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Piedmont Aquat Res Lab, Southern Res Stn,USDA Forest Serv, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
[Skorupa, Joseph P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Environm Contaminants Div, Lakewood, CO 80228 USA.
RP Lemly, AD (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Piedmont Aquat Res Lab, Southern Res Stn,USDA Forest Serv, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
EM dlemly@fs.fed.us
NR 10
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U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 19
BP 11367
EP 11368
DI 10.1021/es403359z
PG 2
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 295CT
UT WOS:000330094900079
PM 23998346
ER
PT J
AU Genet, H
McGuire, AD
Barrett, K
Breen, A
Euskirchen, ES
Johnstone, JF
Kasischke, ES
Melvin, AM
Bennett, A
Mack, MC
Rupp, TS
Schuur, AEG
Turetsky, MR
Yuan, F
AF Genet, H.
McGuire, A. D.
Barrett, K.
Breen, A.
Euskirchen, E. S.
Johnstone, J. F.
Kasischke, E. S.
Melvin, A. M.
Bennett, A.
Mack, M. C.
Rupp, T. S.
Schuur, A. E. G.
Turetsky, M. R.
Yuan, F.
TI Modeling the effects of fire severity and climate warming on active
layer thickness and soil carbon storage of black spruce forests across
the landscape in interior Alaska
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE ecosystem model; fire severity; permafrost; organic layer; soil carbon;
boreal forest
ID HIGH-LATITUDE ECOSYSTEMS; MIXEDWOOD BOREAL FOREST; THERMAL DYNAMICS;
AIR-TEMPERATURE; ORGANIC-MATTER; PERMAFROST; VULNERABILITY; IMPACT;
REGIME; SEQUESTRATION
AB There is a substantial amount of carbon stored in the permafrost soils of boreal forest ecosystems, where it is currently protected from decomposition. The surface organic horizons insulate the deeper soil from variations in atmospheric temperature. The removal of these insulating horizons through consumption by fire increases the vulnerability of permafrost to thaw, and the carbon stored in permafrost to decomposition. In this study we ask how warming and fire regime may influence spatial and temporal changes in active layer and carbon dynamics across a boreal forest landscape in interior Alaska. To address this question, we (1) developed and tested a predictive model of the effect of fire severity on soil organic horizons that depends on landscape-level conditions and (2) used this model to evaluate the long-term consequences of warming and changes in fire regime on active layer and soil carbon dynamics of black spruce forests across interior Alaska. The predictive model of fire severity, designed from the analysis of field observations, reproduces the effect of local topography (landform category, the slope angle and aspect and flow accumulation), weather conditions (drought index, soil moisture) and fire characteristics (day of year and size of the fire) on the reduction of the organic layer caused by fire. The integration of the fire severity model into an ecosystem process-based model allowed us to document the relative importance and interactions among local topography, fire regime and climate warming on active layer and soil carbon dynamics. Lowlands were more resistant to severe fires and climate warming, showing smaller increases in active layer thickness and soil carbon loss compared to drier flat uplands and slopes. In simulations that included the effects of both warming and fire at the regional scale, fire was primarily responsible for a reduction in organic layer thickness of 0.06 m on average by 2100 that led to an increase in active layer thickness of 1.1 m on average by 2100. The combination of warming and fire led to a simulated cumulative loss of 9.6 kgC m 2 on average by 2100. Our analysis suggests that ecosystem carbon storage in boreal forests in interior Alaska is particularly vulnerable, primarily due to the combustion of organic layer thickness in fire and the related increase in active layer thickness that exposes previously protected permafrost soil carbon to decomposition.
C1 [Genet, H.; Euskirchen, E. S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[McGuire, A. D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Barrett, K.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99507 USA.
[Breen, A.; Bennett, A.; Rupp, T. S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Network Alaska & Arctic Planning, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Johnstone, J. F.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biol, Northern Plant Ecol Lab, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
[Kasischke, E. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Melvin, A. M.; Mack, M. C.; Schuur, A. E. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Turetsky, M. R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Ecosyst Anal Lab, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Yuan, F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Genet, H (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM hgenet@alaska.edu
RI Johnstone, Jill/C-9204-2009
OI Johnstone, Jill/0000-0001-6131-9339
FU Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development
Program [RC-2109]; US Geological Survey; Arctic, Western Alaska, and
Northwest Boreal Landscape Conservation Cooperatives in Alaska through
the Integrated Ecosystem Model for Alaska and Northwest Canada project;
National Science Foundation; USDA Forest Service through the Bonanza
Creek Long Term Ecological Research Program
FX This research was support from (1) the Department of Defense Strategic
Environmental Research and Development Program (RC-2109), (2) the US
Geological Survey and the Arctic, Western Alaska, and Northwest Boreal
Landscape Conservation Cooperatives in Alaska through the Integrated
Ecosystem Model for Alaska and Northwest Canada project, and (3) the
National Science Foundation and the USDA Forest Service through the
Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research Program. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR 045016
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045016
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 288IJ
UT WOS:000329604900080
ER
PT J
AU Jones, BM
Stoker, JM
Gibbs, AE
Grosse, G
Romanovsky, VE
Douglas, TA
Kinsman, NEM
Richmond, BM
AF Jones, Benjamin M.
Stoker, Jason M.
Gibbs, Ann E.
Grosse, Guido
Romanovsky, Vladimir E.
Douglas, Thomas A.
Kinsman, Nicole E. M.
Richmond, Bruce M.
TI Quantifying landscape change in an arctic coastal lowland using repeat
airborne LiDAR
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic; coasts; LiDAR; permafrost; thermokarst
ID INTERNATIONAL POLAR YEAR; BEAUFORT SEA COAST; HERSCHEL ISLAND;
YUKON-TERRITORY; NORTH-CAROLINA; THERMAL STATE; ACTIVE-LAYER;
PERMAFROST; EROSION; ALASKA
AB Increases in air, permafrost, and sea surface temperature, loss of sea ice, the potential for increased wave energy, and higher river discharge may all be interacting to escalate erosion of arctic coastal lowland landscapes. Here we use airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data acquired in 2006 and 2010 to detect landscape change in a 100 km(2) study area on the Beaufort Sea coastal plain of northern Alaska. We detected statistically significant change (99% confidence interval), defined as contiguous areas (>10 m(2)) that had changed in height by at least 0.55 m, in 0.3% of the study region. Erosional features indicative of ice-rich permafrost degradation were associated with ice-bonded coastal, river, and lake bluffs, frost mounds, ice wedges, and thermo-erosional gullies. These features accounted for about half of the area where vertical change was detected. Inferred thermo-denudation and thermo-abrasion of coastal and river bluffs likely accounted for the dominant permafrost-related degradational processes with respect to area (42%) and volume (51%). More than 300 thermokarst pits significantly subsided during the study period, likely as a result of storm surge flooding of low-lying tundra (<1.4 m asl) as well as the lasting impact of warm summers in the late-1980s and mid-1990s. Our results indicate that repeat airborne LiDAR can be used to detect landscape change in arctic coastal lowland regions at large spatial scales over sub-decadal time periods.
C1 [Jones, Benjamin M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Stoker, Jason M.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resource & Observat Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Gibbs, Ann E.; Richmond, Bruce M.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Grosse, Guido; Romanovsky, Vladimir E.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Douglas, Thomas A.] US Army, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA.
[Kinsman, Nicole E. M.] Alaska Div Geol & Geophys Surveys, Fairbanks, AK 99708 USA.
RP Jones, BM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM bjones@usgs.gov
RI Grosse, Guido/F-5018-2011;
OI Grosse, Guido/0000-0001-5895-2141; Stoker, Jason/0000-0003-2455-0931
FU US Geological Survey-Alaska Regional Directors Office, Alaska Science
Center; Earth Resource and Observation Science Center; National
Geospatial Program; Coastal and Marine Geology Program; Arctic Landscape
Conservation Cooperative; NASA [NNX08AJ37G]; Strategic Environmental
Research and Development Program (SERDP) Project [RC-2110]
FX Funding for this research was primarily provided by the US Geological
Survey-Alaska Regional Directors Office, Alaska Science Center, the
Earth Resource and Observation Science Center, the National Geospatial
Program, and the Coastal and Marine Geology Program. Additional support
was provided by the Arctic Landscape Conservation Cooperative and GG was
supported by NASA grant #NNX08AJ37G. TAD was supported by funding from
the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP)
Project RC-2110. We kindly thank Stephan Gruber, Carl Markon, and an
anonymous reviewer for their thoughtful and thorough critique of this
letter. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR 045025
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045025
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 288IJ
UT WOS:000329604900089
ER
PT J
AU Jung, I
Chang, HJ
Risley, J
AF Jung, Il Won
Chang, Heejun
Risley, John
TI Effects of runoff sensitivity and catchment characteristics on regional
actual evapotranspiration trends in the conterminous US
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE actual evapotranspiration; runoff sensitivity; water availability;
geographically weighted regression
ID ENERGY BALANCE FRAMEWORKS; CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; WATER AVAILABILITY;
HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; EVAPORATION;
STREAMFLOW; PREDICT; SURFACE
AB An understanding of the role of hydro-climatic and geographic regimes on regional actual evapotranspiration (AET) change is essential to improving our knowledge on predicting water availability in a changing climate. This study investigates the relationship between AET change for a 60 year period (1951-2010) and the runoff sensitivity in 255 undisturbed catchments over the US. The runoff sensitivity to climate change is simply defined as the relative magnitude between runoff and precipitation changes with time. Runoff sensitivity can readily explain the conflicting directions of AET changes under similar precipitation change. Under increasing precipitation, AET decreases when runoff is increasing more rapidly than precipitation based on the water balance. Conversely, AET increases when runoff is decreasing more rapidly than precipitation. This result indicates that runoff sensitivity to climate change is a key factor for understanding regional water availability change at the catchment scale. In addition, a stepwise multiple regression analysis and a geographically weighted regression analysis show that the portion of evergreen forest and the mean elevation of a catchment may play a secondary role in the spatial pattern of the AET change, and the relative importance of such explanatory variables may change over space.
C1 [Jung, Il Won] APEC Climate Ctr, Climate Res Dept, Pusan, South Korea.
[Chang, Heejun] Portland State Univ, Dept Geog, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Risley, John] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR USA.
RP Jung, I (reprint author), APEC Climate Ctr, Climate Res Dept, Pusan, South Korea.
EM bobilwon@apcc21.org
FU US National Science Foundation [CR-1038925]; Institute for Sustainable
Solutions at Portland State University
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive and insightful
comments. This research was partially supported by the US National
Science Foundation under grant No. CR-1038925. Additional support for
Jung was provided by Institute for Sustainable Solutions at Portland
State University.
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PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR 044002
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044002
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 288IJ
UT WOS:000329604900009
ER
PT J
AU McConnell, NA
Turetsky, MR
McGuire, AD
Kane, ES
Waldrop, MP
Harden, JW
AF McConnell, Nicole A.
Turetsky, Merritt R.
McGuire, A. David
Kane, Evan S.
Waldrop, Mark P.
Harden, Jennifer W.
TI Controls on ecosystem and root respiration across a permafrost and
wetland gradient in interior Alaska
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE permafrost; wetland; carbon; soil respiration; plant respiration; Q(10);
thaw depth
ID BLACK SPRUCE FORESTS; SURFACE CO2 FLUX; SOIL RESPIRATION; AUTOTROPHIC
RESPIRATION; BOREAL FOREST; WATER-TABLE; CARBON; TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE;
DECOMPOSITION
AB Permafrost is common to many northern wetlands given the insulation of thick organic soil layers, although soil saturation in wetlands can lead to warmer soils and increased thaw depth. We analyzed five years of soil CO2 fluxes along a wetland gradient that varied in permafrost and soil moisture conditions. We predicted that communities with permafrost would have reduced ecosystem respiration (ER) but greater temperature sensitivity than communities without permafrost. These predictions were partially supported. The colder communities underlain by shallow permafrost had lower ecosystem respiration (ER) than communities with greater active layer thickness. However, the apparent Q(10) of monthly averaged ER was similar in most of the vegetation communities except the rich fen, which had smaller Q(10) values. Across the gradient there was a negative relationship between water table position and apparent Q(10), showing that ER was more temperature sensitive under drier soil conditions. We explored whether root respiration could account for differences in ER between two adjacent communities (sedge marsh and rich fen), which corresponded to the highest and lowest ER, respectively. Despite differences in root respiration rates, roots contributed equally (similar to 40%) to ER in both communities. Also, despite similar plant biomass, ER in the rich fen was positively related to root biomass, while ER in the sedge marsh appeared to be related more to vascular green area. Our results suggest that ER across this wetland gradient was temperature-limited, until conditions became so wet that respiration became oxygen-limited and influenced less by temperature. But even in sites with similar hydrology and thaw depth, ER varied significantly likely based on factors such as soil redox status and vegetation composition.
C1 [McConnell, Nicole A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Turetsky, Merritt R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[McGuire, A. David] Univ Alaska, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Kane, Evan S.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Waldrop, Mark P.; Harden, Jennifer W.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP McConnell, NA (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM mrt@uoguelph.ca
OI Waldrop, Mark/0000-0003-1829-7140
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0425328, DEB-0724514, DEB-0830997]; US
Geological Survey Climate Research and Development Program; Bonanza
Creek Long-Term Ecological Research program; NSF [DEB-0620579]; USDA
Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Grant [PNW01-JV11261952-231]
FX We thank Katie Shea, Caitlin Lawrence, Bill Cable, Molly Chivers, Claire
Treat, Grant Austin, Chris Dorich, Katie Neufeld, Sara Klapstein, Dana
Nossov, Collin Maachel, Nick Brehm, Korlyn Bolster, Mike Waddington, and
Matthew Smith for field and laboratory assistance, Dr Christina Schaedel
for comments on an earlier version of the paper, and Dr Burton for
assistance with the construction of the root respiration chamber. The
Bonanza Creek LTER provided laboratory space and logistical assistance.
This research was supported by the National Science Foundation
(DEB-0425328, DEB-0724514, and DEB-0830997), the US Geological Survey
Climate Research and Development Program, and the Bonanza Creek
Long-Term Ecological Research program (funded jointly by NSF Grant
DEB-0620579, and by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research
Grant PNW01-JV11261952-231). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
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PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR 045029
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045029
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 288IJ
UT WOS:000329604900093
ER
PT J
AU Tape, KD
Flint, PL
Meixell, BW
Gaglioti, BV
AF Tape, Ken D.
Flint, Paul L.
Meixell, Brandt W.
Gaglioti, Benjamin V.
TI Inundation, sedimentation, and subsidence creates goose habitat along
the Arctic coast of Alaska
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE coastal erosion; geese; grazing lawn; landscape change; permafrost;
subsidence
ID BEAUFORT SEA COAST; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; VEGETATION CHANGE; BLACK
BRANT; GEESE; ICE; PERMAFROST; ECOSYSTEMS; EROSION; MOLT
AB The Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska is characterized by thermokarst lakes and drained lake basins, and the rate of coastal erosion has increased during the last half-century. Portions of the coast are <1 m above sea level for kilometers inland, and are underlain by ice-rich permafrost. Increased storm surges or terrestrial subsidence would therefore expand the area subject to marine inundation. Since 1976, the distribution of molting Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) on the Arctic Coastal Plain has shifted from inland freshwater lakes to coastal marshes, such as those occupying the Smith River and Garry Creek estuaries. We hypothesized that the movement of geese from inland lakes was caused by an expansion of high quality goose forage in coastal areas. We examined the recent history of vegetation and geomorphological changes in coastal goose habitat by combining analysis of time series imagery between 1948 and 2010 with soil stratigraphy dated using bomb-curve radiocarbon. Time series of vertical imagery and in situ verification showed permafrost thaw and subsidence of polygonal tundra. Soil stratigraphy and dating within coastal estuaries showed that non-saline vegetation communities were buried by multiple sedimentation episodes between 1948 and 1995, accompanying a shift toward salt-tolerant vegetation. This sedimentation allowed high quality goose forage plants to expand, thus facilitating the shift in goose distribution. Declining sea ice and the increasing rate of terrestrial inundation, sedimentation, and subsidence in coastal estuaries of Alaska may portend a 'tipping point' whereby inland areas would be transformed into salt marshes.
C1 [Tape, Ken D.] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Flint, Paul L.; Meixell, Brandt W.; Gaglioti, Benjamin V.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Gaglioti, Benjamin V.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Northern Engn, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Tape, KD (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, 902 North Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM kdtape@alaska.edu
OI Flint, Paul/0000-0002-8758-6993; Meixell, Brandt/0000-0002-6738-0349
FU US Geological Survey's Changing Arctic Ecosystem Initiative; Wildlife
Program of the USGS Ecosystem Mission Area
FX We thank Roger Ruess and John Pearce for suggestions that improved this
letter. This work is part of the US Geological Survey's Changing Arctic
Ecosystem Initiative and is supported by funding from the Wildlife
Program of the USGS Ecosystem Mission Area. Use of any trade names in
this letter does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR 045031
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045031
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 288IJ
UT WOS:000329604900095
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, SQ
Liu, SG
Sohl, T
Young, C
Werner, J
AF Zhao, Shuqing
Liu, Shuguang
Sohl, Terry
Young, Claudia
Werner, Jeremy
TI Land use and carbon dynamics in the southeastern United States from 1992
to 2050
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE land use and land cover change (LUCC); carbon fluxes; carbon stocks;
carbon sequestration; process-based ecosystem model
ID TERRESTRIAL CARBON; TROPICAL DEFORESTATION; FOREST BIOMASS;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; SEQUESTRATION; COVER; SINK; SOIL; CO2; EMISSIONS
AB Land use and land cover change (LUCC) plays an important role in determining the spatial distribution, magnitude, and temporal change of terrestrial carbon sources and sinks. However, the impacts of LUCC are not well understood and quantified over large areas. The goal of this study was to quantify the spatial and temporal patterns of carbon dynamics in various terrestrial ecosystems in the southeastern United States from 1992 to 2050 using a process-based modeling system and then to investigate the impacts of LUCC. Spatial LUCC information was reconstructed and projected using the FOREcasting SCEnarios of future land cover (FORE-SCE) model according to information derived from Landsat observations and other sources. Results indicated that urban expansion (from 3.7% in 1992 to 9.2% in 2050) was expected to be the primary driver for other land cover changes in the region, leading to various declines in forest, cropland, and hay/pasture. The region was projected to be a carbon sink of 60.4 gC m(-2) yr(-1) on average during the study period, primarily due to the legacy impacts of large-scale conversion of cropland to forest that happened since the 1950s. Nevertheless, the regional carbon sequestration rate was expected to decline because of the slowing down of carbon accumulation in aging forests and the decline of forest area.
C1 [Zhao, Shuqing] Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Shuqing] Peking Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Surface Proc, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Shuguang; Sohl, Terry; Werner, Jeremy] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Young, Claudia] ERT Inc, USGS EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Zhao, SQ (reprint author), Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM sqzhao@urban.pku.edu.cn
OI Sohl, Terry/0000-0002-9771-4231
FU National Basic Research Program of China on Global Change [2010CB50600];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [41071050, 31021001]; US
Geological Survey Land Change Science (LCS) Program; Land Carbon
Project; USGS [G10PC00044]
FX The work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
on Global Change (#2010CB50600) and the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (#41071050 and #31021001). S Liu and J Werner were
funded by the US Geological Survey Land Change Science (LCS) Program and
the Land Carbon Project. Work by C Young was performed under USGS
contract G10PC00044. The comments from two anonymous referees, T
Adamson, T Tan, and Y Wu are appreciated. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 54
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Z9 13
U1 1
U2 43
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR 044022
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044022
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 288IJ
UT WOS:000329604900029
ER
PT J
AU Chouet, B
Dawson, P
AF Chouet, Bernard
Dawson, Phillip
TI Very long period conduit oscillations induced by rockfalls at Kilauea
Volcano, Hawaii
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE waveform inversion; source mechanism; conduit oscillations; magmatic
system
ID BUBBLE-BEARING MAGMAS; WAVE-FORM INVERSION; VARIABLE MASS; SIGNALS;
VISCOSITY; ERUPTIONS; RHEOLOGY; PENDULUM; MOTION; MELTS
AB Eruptive activity at the summit of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, beginning in 2010 and continuing to the present time is characterized by transient outgassing bursts accompanied by very long period (VLP) seismic signals triggered by rockfalls from the vent walls impacting a lava lake in a pit within the Halemaumau pit crater. We use raw data recorded with an 11-station broadband network to model the source mechanism of signals accompanying two large rockfalls on 29 August 2012 and two smaller average rockfalls obtained by stacking over all events with similar waveforms to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. To determine the source centroid location and source mechanism, we minimize the residual error between data and synthetics calculated by the finite difference method for a point source embedded in a homogeneous medium that takes topography into account. We apply a new waveform inversion method that accounts for the contributions from both translation and tilt in horizontal seismograms through the use of Green's functions representing the seismometer response to translation and tilt ground motions. This method enables a robust description of the source mechanism over the period range 1-1000s. The VLP signals associated with the rockfalls originate in a source region approximate to 1km below the eastern perimeter of the Halemaumau pit crater. The observed waveforms are well explained by a simple volumetric source with geometry composed of two intersecting cracks including an east striking crack (dike) dipping 80 degrees to the north, intersecting a north striking crack (another dike) dipping 65 degrees to the east. Each rockfall is marked by a similar step-like inflation trailed by decaying oscillations of the volumetric source, attributed to the efficient coupling at the source centroid location of the pressure and momentum changes induced by the rock mass impacting the top of the lava column. Assuming a simple lumped parameter representation of the shallow magmatic system, the observed pressure and volume variations can be modeled with the following attributes: rockfall volume (200-4500 m(3)), length of magma column (120-210m), diameter of pipe connecting the Halemaumau pit crater to the subjacent dike system (6m), average thickness of the two underlying dikes (3-6m), and effective magma viscosity (30-210Pas). Most rockfalls occur during episodes of sustained deflation of the Kilauea summit. The mass loss rate in the shallow magmatic system is estimated to be 1400-15,000 kg s(-1) based on measurements of the temporal variation of VLP period in the two large rockfalls that occurred on 29 August 2012.
C1 [Chouet, Bernard; Dawson, Phillip] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Chouet, B (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 910, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM chouet@usgs.gov
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 5352
EP 5371
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50376
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 292AV
UT WOS:000329874900014
ER
PT J
AU Liberty, LM
Finn, SP
Haeussler, PJ
Pratt, TL
Peterson, A
AF Liberty, Lee M.
Finn, Shaun P.
Haeussler, Peter J.
Pratt, Thomas L.
Peterson, Andrew
TI Megathrust splay faults at the focus of the Prince William Sound
asperity, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE megathrust splay fault; Alaska subduction
ID SOUTH-CENTRAL ALASKA; SUBDUCTION ZONE; TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS;
ACCRETIONARY WEDGE; CHUGACH MOUNTAINS; KENAI PENINSULA; NORTHERN GULF;
KODIAK SHELF; EARTHQUAKE; TERRANE
AB High-resolution sparker and crustal-scale air gun seismic reflection data, coupled with repeat bathymetric surveys, document a region of repeated coseismic uplift on the portion of the Alaska subduction zone that ruptured in 1964. This area defines the western limit of Prince William Sound. Differencing of vintage and modern bathymetric surveys shows that the region of greatest uplift related to the 1964 Great Alaska earthquake was focused along a series of subparallel faults beneath Prince William Sound and the adjacent Gulf of Alaska shelf. Bathymetric differencing indicates that 12m of coseismic uplift occurred along two faults that reached the seafloor as submarine terraces on the Cape Cleare bank southwest of Montague Island. Sparker seismic reflection data provide cumulative Holocene slip estimates as high as 9mm/yr along a series of splay thrust faults within both the inner wedge and transition zone of the accretionary prism. Crustal seismic data show that these megathrust splay faults root separately into the subduction zone decollement. Splay fault divergence from this megathrust correlates with changes in midcrustal seismic velocity and magnetic susceptibility values, best explained by duplexing of the subducted Yakutat terrane rocks above Pacific plate rocks along the trailing edge of the Yakutat terrane. Although each splay fault is capable of independent motion, we conclude that the identified splay faults rupture in a similar pattern during successive megathrust earthquakes and that the region of greatest seismic coupling has remained consistent throughout the Holocene.
C1 [Liberty, Lee M.; Finn, Shaun P.; Peterson, Andrew] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[Haeussler, Peter J.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Pratt, Thomas L.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Liberty, LM (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, 1910 Univ Dr, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
EM lliberty@boisestate.edu
OI Haeussler, Peter/0000-0002-1503-6247
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program
[G11AP20143]; Landmark Graphics Corporation Strategic University
Alliance [2013-UGP-009000]
FX We would like to thank R/V Alaska Gyre Captain Greg Snedgen for his
assistance in making the seismic acquisition cruise a success. Use of
ProMAX seismic processing software was provided by Landmark Graphics
Corporation Strategic University Alliance grant agreement
2013-UGP-009000. This work was funded from the U.S. Geological Survey
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program award G11AP20143.
NR 50
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Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 5428
EP 5441
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50372
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 292AV
UT WOS:000329874900019
ER
PT J
AU Barnhart, WD
Lohman, RB
Mellors, RJ
AF Barnhart, William D.
Lohman, Rowena B.
Mellors, Robert J.
TI Active accommodation of plate convergence in Southern Iran: Earthquake
locations, triggered aseismic slip, and regional strain rates
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE InSAR; Iran earthquakes; aseismic slip; strain rate budgets; continental
collision
ID SIMPLY FOLDED BELT; ZAGROS CONTINENTAL COLLISION; GPS MEASUREMENTS;
MICROEARTHQUAKE SEISMICITY; RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE;
COSEISMIC SLIP; GEODETIC DATA; TRAVEL-TIMES; MIDDLE-EAST
AB We present a catalog of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) constraints on deformation that occurred during earthquake sequences in southern Iran between 1992 and 2011, and explore the implications on the accommodation of large-scale continental convergence between Saudi Arabia and Eurasia within the Zagros Mountains. The Zagros Mountains, a salt-laden fold-and-thrust belt involving similar to 10km of sedimentary rocks overlying Precambrian basement rocks, have formed as a result of ongoing continental collision since 10-20Ma that is currently occurring at a rate of similar to 3cm/yr. We first demonstrate that there is a biased misfit in earthquake locations in global catalogs that likely results from neglect of 3-D velocity structure. Previous work involving two M similar to 6 earthquakes with well-recorded aftershocks has shown that the deformation observed with InSAR may represent triggered slip on faults much shallower than the primary earthquake, which likely occurred within the basement rocks (>10km depth). We explore the hypothesis that most of the deformation observed with InSAR spanning earthquake sequences is also due to shallow, triggered slip above a deeper earthquake, effectively doubling the moment release for each event. We quantify the effects that this extra moment release would have on the discrepancy between seismically and geodetically constrained moment rates in the region, finding that even with the extra triggered fault slip, significant aseismic deformation during the interseismic period is necessary to fully explain the convergence between Eurasia and Saudi Arabia.
C1 [Barnhart, William D.; Lohman, Rowena B.] Cornell Univ, Inst Study Continents, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Barnhart, William D.] US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Mellors, Robert J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Barnhart, WD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM wbarnhart@usgs.gov
RI Lohman, Rowena/C-2324-2013; Mellors, Robert/K-7479-2014; Barnhart,
William/L-9446-2015
OI Lohman, Rowena/0000-0001-7240-3165; Mellors, Robert/0000-0002-2723-5163;
FU American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund [49877-DNI8]; NASA
graduate fellowship [NNX09AO30H]
FX Envisat and ERS SAR imagery were provided through a Category-1 proposal
through the European Space Agency. ALOS imagery was provided by the
Japanese Space Agency through the Alaska Satellite Facility. This work
was funded in part by the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research
Fund, grant 49877-DNI8. W.D.B. was partially funded through NASA
graduate fellowship NNX09AO30H. We thank the Editor and four anonymous
reviewers for insightful comments that improved this manuscript.
NR 82
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U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 5699
EP 5711
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50380
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 292AV
UT WOS:000329874900037
ER
PT J
AU Cole, J
Finn, CA
Webb, SJ
AF Cole, Janine
Finn, Carol A.
Webb, Susan J.
TI Overview of the magnetic signatures of the Palaeoproterozoic Rustenburg
Layered Suite, Bushveld Complex, South Africa
SO PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bushveld Complex; Rustenburg Layered Suite; Magnetic interpretation
ID MAIN ZONE; KAAPVAAL CRATON; EASTERN LIMBS; WESTERN; PALEOMAGNETISM;
CONNECTIVITY; PLATINUM; STRATIGRAPHY; MINE
AB Aeromagnetic data clearly delineate the mafic rocks of the economically significant Bushveld Igneous Complex. This is mainly due to the abundance of magnetite in the Upper Zone of the Rustenburg Layered Suite of the Bushveld, but strongly remanently magnetised rocks in the Main Zone also contribute significantly in places. In addition to delineating the extent of the magnetic rocks in the complex, the magnetic anomalies also provide information about the dip and depth of these units. The presence of varying degrees of remanent magnetisation in most of the magnetic lithologies of the Rustenburg Layered Suite complicates the interpretation of the data. The combination of available regional and high resolution airborne magnetic data with published palaeomagnetic data reveals characteristic magnetic signatures associated with the different magnetic lithologies in the Rustenburg Layered Suite. As expected, the ferrogabbros of the Upper Zone cause the highest amplitude magnetic anomalies, but in places subtle features within the Main Zone can also be detected. A marker with strong remanent magnetisation located in the Main Zone close to the contact with the Upper Zone is responsible for very high amplitude negative anomalies in the southern parts of both the eastern and western lobes of the Bushveld Complex. Prominent anomalies are not necessarily related to a specific lithology, but can result from the interaction between anomalies caused by differently magnetised bodies.
The magnetic data provided substantial information at different levels of detail, ranging from contacts between zones, and layering within zones, to magnetite pipes dykes and faults that can have an impact on mine planning. Finally, simple modelling of the magnetic data supports the concept of continuous mafic rocks between the western and eastern lobes. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cole, Janine] Council Geosci, Geophys Unit, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa.
[Finn, Carol A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Webb, Susan J.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Geosci, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
RP Cole, J (reprint author), Council Geosci, Geophys Unit, Private Bag X112, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa.
EM jcole@geoscience.org.za; cfinn@usgs.gov; susan.webb@wits.ac.za
NR 51
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U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0301-9268
EI 1872-7433
J9 PRECAMBRIAN RES
JI Precambrian Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 236
BP 193
EP 213
DI 10.1016/j.precamres.2013.07.017
PG 21
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 277GD
UT WOS:000328806100014
ER
PT J
AU Walters, JR
Reynolds, MH
AF Walters, Jeffrey R.
Reynolds, Michelle H.
TI EXPERIMENTAL REINTRODUCTION REVEALS NOVEL LIFE-HISTORY VARIATION IN
LAYSAN DUCKS (ANAS LAYSANENSIS)
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE Anas laysanensis; clutch size; endangered species; Hawaii; Laysan Teal;
life history; phenotypic plasticity; reintroduction
ID PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; ISLAND DUCK; TEAL; EVOLUTION
AB Subfossil remains indicate that the Laysan Duck (Anas laysanensis) formerly occurred throughout the Hawaiian archipelago, but for more than 150 years it has been confined to a single, small atoll in the northwestern chain, Laysan Island. In 2004-2005, 42 ducks were reintroduced from Laysan to Midway Atoll, where they exhibited variation in life history never observed on Laysan. On Laysan, females have never been observed to breed successfully at age 1 year and few attempt it, whereas on Midway, females routinely raised young at <1 year of age. Mean (+/- SD) clutch size on Midway (7.0 +/- 1.1, n = 41) was larger than the maximum clutch size of six eggs observed on Laysan. On Midway, renesting following nest failure (0.55 probability, n = 27) and double brooding (0.50, n = 54) were routine, and two instances of triple brooding were observed, whereas on Laysan, renesting and double brooding are rare (0.05 probability for both during our study; n = 21 and 19, respectively) and triple brooding has never been observed. Other novel life history on Midway included early cessation of parental care to renest. Altered life history on Midway is likely related to better feeding conditions and low population density compared with Laysan. An especially intriguing possibility is that the phenotypic plasticity observed represents exposure of hidden reaction norms evolved when the species inhabited a range of environments, but several alternative explanations exist. Future reintroductions of this species may provide opportunities to test hypotheses about mechanisms underlying phenotypic plasticity.
C1 [Walters, Jeffrey R.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Reynolds, Michelle H.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Kilauea Field Stn, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
RP Walters, JR (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM jrwalt@vt.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center;
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; U.S. Fish and Wildlfie Service
(USFWS) Pacific Island Office Ecological Services; Harold H. Bailey
endowment at Virginia Tech.; USFWS Ecological Services; Pacific Coast
Joint Venture; USGS Quick Response Grants; Friends of Midway Atoll
National Wildlife Refuge
FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Pacific Island
Ecosystems Research Center, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation,
U.S. Fish and Wildlfie Service (USFWS) Pacific Island Office Ecological
Services, and the Harold H. Bailey endowment at Virginia Tech. M.
Vekasy, L. Laniawe, and J. Klavitter collected much of the field data
and made this study possible. We thank radiotrackers L. Baldwin, J.
Breeden, B. Castler, P. Hart, K. Kozar, N. Seavy, and R. Woodward, as
well as H. Freifeld, N. Jarrett, A. Marshall, G. Schubert, T. Work, and
Chugach Industries Inc. contractors who provided assistance during the
translocation. We thank USFWS refuge managers and stag including J.
Leinecke, B. Christenson, E. Flint, C. Rehkemper, D. Palawalski, M.
Brown, B. Steiglitz, and M. Johnson. Radiotransmitters were purchased
with grants from USFWS Ecological Services, Pacific Coast Joint Venture,
USGS Quick Response Grants, and Friends of Midway Atoll National
Wildlife Refuge. Logistical, staff, and in-kind support were provided by
the USFWS Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge. A. Badyaev, C.
Ghalambor, G. Hepp, and four anonymous reviewers provided comments on
the manuscript. P. Berkowitz, S. Nash, and K. Courtot assisted in
preparation of the manuscript. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration and its ship the Oscar Elton Sette provided essential
logistical support. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
EI 1938-4254
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 130
IS 4
BP 573
EP 579
DI 10.1525/auk.2013.13070
PG 7
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 274EM
UT WOS:000328588800001
ER
PT J
AU Stucker, JH
Buhl, DA
Sherfy, MH
AF Stucker, Jennifer H.
Buhl, Deborah A.
Sherfy, Mark H.
TI CONSEQUENCES OF LEAST TERN (STERNULA ANTILLARUM) MICROHABITAT NEST-SITE
SELECTION ON NATURAL AND MECHANICALLY CONSTRUCTED SANDBARS IN THE
MISSOURI RIVER
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE habitat creation; habitat selection; Least Tern; Missouri River; nest
success; sandbar; Sternula antillarum
ID HABITAT SELECTION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; BREEDING SUCCESS; SPATIAL
SCALE; INFORMATION; DUCKS; AVAILABILITY; PREFERENCES; ATHALASSOS;
FORESTS
AB Nest-habitat selection in colonial species has rarely been assessed at multiple spatial scales to evaluate its fitness consequences. Management for the federally endangered U.S. Interior population of Least Terns (Sternula antillarum) has focused on maintenance of breeding habitats, including mechanical construction of sandbars from dredged material. Least Terns are attracted to large areas of unvegetated substrate, yet small-scale habitat features are thought to trigger selection for nesting. We evaluated nest-scale habitat selection to determine (1) whether selection differs between constructed and natural sandbars and (2) the subsequent consequences of habitat selection on nest success. During 2006-2008, we examined 869 Least Tern nest sites on constructed and natural sandbars in the Missouri River for evidence of microhabitat selection at the nest in relation to habitat within the surrounding 3-m area. Least Tern nest sites had coarser and larger substrate materials at the nest, more debris, and less vegetation than the surrounding area. Nests in constructed habitats had a greater percentage of coarse substrates and less vegetation or debris than nests in naturally created habitats. Apparent nest success was 1.8x greater on constructed than on natural sandbars. Nest success was best predicted by models with two spatial scales of predictors, including substrates (nest) and vegetation and debris (nest or surrounding area). Our results indicate that Least Terns select nest microhabitat characteristics that are associated with wind- and water-scoured habitats, and that nest success increases when these habitats are selected.
C1 [Stucker, Jennifer H.; Buhl, Deborah A.; Sherfy, Mark H.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Stucker, Jennifer H.] Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Grad Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Stucker, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM jstucker@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center; U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers Missouri River Recovery Program; University of
Minnesota Conservation Biology Graduate Program
FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie
Wildlife Research Center, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Missouri
River Recovery Program, and the University of Minnesota Conservation
Biology Graduate Program. We thank the following individuals who
supervised field data collection for this study: C. Dovichin, B. Skone,
J. Campbell, B. Van-DeHey, M. Johnson, and D. Toy, with assistance by
numerous technicians. The manuscript benefited from discussions among
members of the Missouri River research team and D. Johnson at Northern
Prairie Wildlife Research Center. We thank F. Cuthbert, T. Arnold, D.
Johnson, J. Hatch, J. Austin, S. Schweitzer, J. Jones, and anonymous
reviewers for comments on the manuscript. All research activities were
approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at Northern Prairie
Wildlife Research Center and were authorized under appropriate state and
federal permits. Use of trade names is for informational purposes only
and does not imply U.S. Government endorsement.
NR 63
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PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
EI 1938-4254
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 130
IS 4
BP 753
EP 763
DI 10.1525/auk.2013.13048
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 274EM
UT WOS:000328588800020
ER
PT J
AU Hill, JM
Diefenbach, DR
AF Hill, Jason M.
Diefenbach, Duane R.
TI EXPERIMENTAL REMOVAL OF WOODY VEGETATION DOES NOT INCREASE NESTING
SUCCESS OR FLEDGLING PRODUCTION IN TWO GRASSLAND SPARROWS (AMMODRAMUS)
IN PENNSYLVANIA
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE Ammodramus; before-after-control-impact design; grassland birds; habitat
alteration; nest survival; vegetation structure; woody vegetation
ID RECLAIMED SURFACE MINES; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; HENSLOWS SPARROWS;
REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; HABITAT SELECTION; BROOD PARASITISM; COAL-MINES;
BIRDS; PREDATION; SURVIVAL
AB The influence of vegetation structure on the probability of daily nest survival (DNS) for grassland passerines has received considerable attention. Some correlative studies suggest that the presence of woody vegetation lowers DNS. Over 3 years (2009-2011), we monitored 215 nests of the Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum) and Henslow's Sparrow (A. henslowii) on 162 ha of reclaimed surface-mine grasslands in Pennsylvania. We removed shrubs from treatment plots with <= 36% areal coverage of woody vegetation in a before-after-control-impact-pairs (BACIP) design framework. Daily nest survival (95% CI: 0.94-0.96) was as high as previous studies have reported but was not associated with woody vegetative cover, proximity to woody vegetation, or woody stem density. Variation in DNS was best explained by increasing nonwoody-vegetation height. Grasshopper Sparrow fledgling production on treatment plots in 2010 (95% CI: 3.3-4.7) and 2011 (95% CI: 3.8-5.0) was similar to baseline conditions of treatment plots (95% CI: 3.4-4.9) and control plots (95% CI: 3.2-4.5) in 2009. Fledgling production was associated with thatch depth ((beta) over cap +/- SE = 0.13 +/- 0.09) and bare ground ((beta) over cap +/- SE = 2.62 +/- 1.29) adjacent to the nest and plot woody vegetative cover ((beta) over cap +/- SE = -3.09 +/- 1.02). Our experimental research suggests that overall reproductive success of Grasshopper and Henslow's sparrows on reclaimed surfacemine grasslands is driven by a suite of largely nonwoody-vegetation components, and both species can successfully nest and produce young in habitats with greater amounts of scattered woody vegetation than has generally been considered.
C1 [Hill, Jason M.] Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Diefenbach, Duane R.] US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Hill, JM (reprint author), Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 434 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM jmh656@psu.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Pennsylvania Game Commission; Pennsylvania
Audubon
FX We thank the U.S. Geological Survey, the Pennsylvania Game Commission,
and Pennsylvania Audubon for funding this project. Thanks to the many
people who collected data. Comments from T. Wagner, T. Langkilde, R.
Brooks, N. Perlut, D. Smith, D. Johnson, M. Patten, and K. Ellison
improved the manuscript. The 2010 Pennsylvania Cropland Data Layer is
available on the National Agricultural Statistics Service website at
www.nass.usda.gov/research/Cropland/metadata/meta.htm. Use of trade
names does not imply endorsement by the Federal Government of the United
States.
NR 78
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PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
EI 1938-4254
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 130
IS 4
BP 764
EP 773
DI 10.1525/auk.2013.12240
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 274EM
UT WOS:000328588800021
ER
PT J
AU Inman, RM
Brock, BL
Inman, KH
Sartorius, SS
Aber, BC
Giddings, B
Cain, SL
Orme, ML
Fredrick, JA
Oakleaf, BJ
Alt, KL
Odell, E
Chapron, G
AF Inman, Robert M.
Brock, Brent L.
Inman, Kristine H.
Sartorius, Shawn S.
Aber, Bryan C.
Giddings, Brian
Cain, Steven L.
Orme, Mark L.
Fredrick, Jay A.
Oakleaf, Bob J.
Alt, Kurt L.
Odell, Eric
Chapron, Guillaume
TI Developing priorities for metapopulation conservation at the landscape
scale: Wolverines in the Western United States
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Metapopulation; Scale; Reintroduction; Connectivity; Carnivore;
Wolverine
ID RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; GULO-GULO; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CALIFORNIA;
DISPERSAL; MONTANA; IDAHO; DISTRIBUTIONS; CONNECTIVITY; RESTORATION
AB Wildlife populations are often influenced by multiple political jurisdictions. This is particularly true for wide-ranging, low-density carnivores whose populations have often contracted and remain threatened, heightening the need for geographically coordinated priorities at the landscape scale. Yet even as modern policies facilitate species recoveries, gaps in knowledge of historical distributions, population capacities, and potential for genetic exchange inhibit development of population-level conservation priorities. Wolverines are an 8-18 kg terrestrial weasel (Mustelidae) that naturally exist at low densities (similar to 5/1000 km(2)) in cold, often snow-covered areas. Wolverines were extirpated, or nearly so, from the contiguous United States by 1930. We used a resource selection function to (I) predict habitat suitable for survival, reproduction and dispersal of wolverines across the western US, (2) make a rough estimate of population capacity, and (3) develop conservation priorities at the metapopulation scale. Primary wolverine habitat (survival) existed in island-like fashion across the western US, and we estimated capacity to be 644 wolverines (95% CI= 506-1881). We estimated current population size to be approximately half of capacity. Areas we predicted suitable for male dispersal linked all patches, but some potential core areas appear to be relatively isolated for females. Reintroduction of wolverines to the Southern Rockies and Sierra-Nevadas has the potential to increase population size by >50% and these regions may be robust to climate change. The Central Linkage Region is an area of great importance for metapopulation function, thus warranting collaborative strategies for maintaining high survival rates, high reproductive rates, and dispersal capabilities. Our analysis can help identify dispersal corridors, release locations for reintroductions, and monitoring targets. The process we used can serve as an example for developing collaborative, landscape-scale, conservation priorities for data-sparse metapopulations. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Inman, Robert M.; Inman, Kristine H.; Aber, Bryan C.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Ennis, MT 59729 USA.
[Inman, Robert M.; Chapron, Guillaume] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, Grimso Wildlife Res Stn, SE-73091 Riddarhyttan, Sweden.
[Inman, Robert M.; Brock, Brent L.] Craighead Environm Inst, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Sartorius, Shawn S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
[Aber, Bryan C.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Island Pk, ID 83429 USA.
[Aber, Bryan C.; Orme, Mark L.] US Forest Serv, Caribou Targhee Natl Forest, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA.
[Giddings, Brian; Alt, Kurt L.] Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Pk, Helena, MT 59620 USA.
[Cain, Steven L.] Natl Pk Serv, Moose, WY 83012 USA.
[Fredrick, Jay A.] US Forest Serv, Beaverhead Deerlodge Natl Forest, Ennis, MT 59729 USA.
[Oakleaf, Bob J.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Lander, WY 82520 USA.
[Odell, Eric] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Inman, RM (reprint author), 121 Trail Creek Rd, Ennis, MT 59729 USA.
EM robert.michael.inman@gmail.com; bbrock@craigheadresearch.org;
kinman@wcs.org; Shawn_Sartorius@fws.gov; baber@idfg.idaho.gov;
bgiddings@mt.gov; Steve_Cain@nps.gov; ormems@gmail.com;
jfrederick@fs.fed.us; bob.oakleaf@wgf.state.wy.us;
altwildlife@yahoo.com; eric.odell@state.co.us;
gchapron@carnivoreconservation.org
OI Chapron, Guillaume/0000-0002-6727-1070
FU Beaverhead-Deerlodge and Bridger-Teton National Forests, Brainerd
Foundation; Bullitt Foundation; Canyon Creek Foundation; Caribou-Targhee
National Forest, Y. Chouinard, Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund;
Gallatin National Forest, Grand Teton National Park, Greater Yellowstone
Coordinating Committee; Idaho Department of Fish & Game, Laura Moore
Cunningham Foundation; Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks,
National Fish & Wildlife Foundation; National Geographic Conservation
Trust; New York Community Trust; Richard King Mellon Foundation; Tapeats
Fund; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, Wilburforce Foundation
FX We thank the following for providing funding, permits, or inkind
support: Beaverhead-Deerlodge and Bridger-Teton National Forests,
Brainerd Foundation, Bullitt Foundation, Canyon Creek Foundation,
Caribou-Targhee National Forest, Y. Chouinard, Disney Worldwide
Conservation Fund, Gallatin National Forest, Grand Teton National Park,
Greater Yellowstone Coordinating Committee, Idaho Department of Fish &
Game, Laura Moore Cunningham Foundation, Montana Department of Fish,
Wildlife and Parks, National Fish & Wildlife Foundation, National
Geographic Conservation Trust, New York Community Trust, Richard King
Mellon Foundation, Tapeats Fund, L. Westbrook, WCS Wildlife
Action-Opportunities Fund supported by the Doris Duke Charitable
Foundation, Wilburforce Foundation, Wyoming Game & Fish Department, and
private individuals. We thank T. McCue, M. Packila, R. Spence, and all
who assisted in conducting the field project. We greatly appreciate the
use of historical wolverine records provided by K. Aubry and C. Raley.
We thank Henrik Andren, Jens Persson and several anonymous reviewers who
gave valuable comments to improve the manuscript.
NR 60
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 8
U2 95
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 166
BP 276
EP 286
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.07.010
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 273GS
UT WOS:000328523900030
ER
PT J
AU Farmer, GL
Glazner, AF
Kortemeier, WT
Cosca, MA
Jones, CH
Moore, JE
Schweickert, RA
AF Farmer, G. Lang
Glazner, Allen F.
Kortemeier, Winifred T.
Cosca, Michael A.
Jones, Craig H.
Moore, Jessica E.
Schweickert, Richard A.
TI Mantle lithosphere as a source of postsubduction magmatism, northern
Sierra Nevada, California
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID ANCESTRAL-CASCADES ARC; TRACE ELEMENT FRACTIONATION; LIQUID SEPARATION
PROCESSES; ACCESSORY PHASE SATURATION; BENEATH CONTINENTAL ARCS;
CENOZOIC VOLCANIC-ROCKS; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; SUBDUCTION ZONE; RUTILE
SATURATION; BATHOLITHIC ROOT
AB Age, chemical, and isotopic data from late Cenozoic volcanic rocks in the northern Sierra Nevada, California (USA), from Lake Tahoe north to the southern end of the modern Cascades volcanic arc, were obtained to investigate the evolution of the upper mantle beneath this continental margin during the transition from active subduction to the opening of a slabless window, and to test the possibility that the foundering of mantle lithosphere proposed for the southern Sierra Nevada extended to the northern reaches of the mountain range. Our data are consistent with previous work in the region and illustrate that volcanism shifted from widespread intermediate composition magmatism to small volume, localized trachybasalts to trachyandesites ca. 3 Ma. Similar to southern Cascades volcanism, Sr-87/Sr-86 and Pb-206/Pb-204 decrease, and epsilon(Nd) increase in the older (older than 3 Ma) volcanic rocks with increasing proportions of a slab component, as measured by increasing (Sr/P)(N), where N is primitive-mantle normalized. We interpret these observations as evidence that the older volcanic rocks are subduction related and represent the products of basaltic melts derived from flux melting of mantle wedge that interacted to varying degrees during ascent with lower epsilon(Nd) and higher Sr-87/Sr-86 sub-Sierra Nevada continental mantle lithosphere. The younger volcanic rocks lack evidence for the involvement of a slab component in their generation, but have ranges of Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic compositions similar to those of older volcanic rocks interpreted to have interacted to the greatest extent with the continental mantle lithosphere. However, the younger volcanic rocks have higher high field strength element (HFSE) and higher phosphorus abundances, and higher (La/Yb)(N), than their older counterparts, suggesting that they are not simply the products of smaller degrees of partial melting of the same mantle lithosphere involved in the older magmatism. The high HFSE and P contents were more likely controlled by metasomatic accessory carrier phases such as rutile and apatite, the stabilities of which control the abundance of these elements in melts produced from the lithospheric mantle after 3 Ma. One possibility is that the accessory phases were introduced to lithosphere during melt-wall-rock interaction associated with the older magmatic episode. These phases were then purged as a result of conductive heating of the remaining lithospheric mantle triggered by postsubduction upwelling of the sublithospheric mantle. Our data are consistent with lithospheric mantle serving as a melt reactor during the earlier subduction-related magmatism that was baked out during later conductive heating, a process that may be relevant to the production of immediately postsubduction magmatism along other continental margins.
C1 [Farmer, G. Lang; Jones, Craig H.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Farmer, G. Lang; Jones, Craig H.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Glazner, Allen F.; Moore, Jessica E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Kortemeier, Winifred T.] Western Nevada Coll, Carson City, NV 89703 USA.
[Cosca, Michael A.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Schweickert, Richard A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Geol Sci & Engn, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Farmer, GL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM farmer@colorado.edu; afg@unc.edu; winnie.kortemeier@wnc.edu;
mcosca@usgs.gov
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0607831, EAR-0454535, EAR-0607499]
FX This material is based upon work supported by National Science
Foundation grants EAR-0607831 (Farmer and Jones), EAR-0454535 (Jones),
and EAR-0607499 (Glazner). The manuscript was greatly improved by
reviews from Leonid Neymark, Brian Cousens, and Lindy Elkins-Tanton. We
thank Jason Saleeby for his handling of the paper as associate editor.
Corporations and/or products listed in text are for reference only and
do not necessarily imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 153
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 12
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 9
IS 5
BP 1102
EP 1124
DI 10.1130/GES00885.1
PG 23
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 273AU
UT WOS:000328505800001
ER
PT J
AU Barron, JA
Browning, J
Sugarman, P
Miller, KG
AF Barron, John A.
Browning, James
Sugarman, Peter
Miller, Kenneth G.
TI Refinement of late-Early and Middle Miocene diatom biostratigraphy for
the East Coast of the United States
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC MARGIN; NEW-JERSEY; PACIFIC
AB Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 313 continuously cored Lower to Middle Miocene sequences at three continental shelf sites off New Jersey, USA. The most seaward of these, Site M29, contains a well-preserved Early and Middle Miocene succession of planktonic diatoms that have been independently correlated with the geomagnetic polarity time scale derived in studies from the equatorial and North Pacific. Shallow water diatoms (species of Delphineis, Rhaphoneis, and Sceptroneis) dominate in onshore sequences in Maryland and Virginia, forming the basis for the East Coast Diatom Zones (ECDZ). Integrated study of both planktonic and shallow water diatoms in Hole M29A as well as in onshore sequences in Maryland (the Baltimore Gas and Electric Company well) and Delaware (the Ocean Drilling Program Bethany Beach corehole) allows the refinement of ECDZ zones into a high-resolution biochronology that can be successfully applied in both onshore and offshore regions of the East Coast of the United States. Strontium isotope stratigraphy supports the diatom biochronology, although for much of the Middle Miocene it suggests ages that are on average 0.4 m.y. older. The ECDZ zonal definitions are updated to include evolutionary events of Delphineis species, and regional occurrences of important planktonic diatom marker taxa are included. Updated taxonomy, reference to published figures, and photographic images are provided that will aid in the application of this diatom biostratigraphy.
C1 [Barron, John A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Browning, James; Sugarman, Peter; Miller, Kenneth G.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
RP Barron, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
FU Consortium of Ocean Leadership/U.S. Science Support Program
FX Holly Olson of the US Geological Survey prepared excellent microscope
slides. We thank Jean DeMouthe, collections manager of the diatom
collection at the California Academy of Sciences, for the loan of
William Abbott's microscope slides from the BG&E (Baltimore Gas and
Electric Company) well. Lucy Edwards and David Bukry of the US
Geological Survey provided helpful comments and advice throughout this
study. Funding was supplied by the Consortium of Ocean Leadership/U.S.
Science Support Program, and samples were provided by the Integrated
Ocean Drilling Program and the International Continental Scientific
Drilling Program. We thank Scott W. Starratt and two anonymous reviewers
for their reviews, as well as Greg Mountain (Associate Editor) and Carol
Frost (Science Editor) for their comments.
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 9
IS 5
BP 1286
EP 1302
DI 10.1130/GES00864.1
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 273AU
UT WOS:000328505800008
ER
PT J
AU Jean, MM
Shervais, JW
Champion, DE
Vetter, SK
AF Jean, Marlon M.
Shervais, John W.
Champion, Duane E.
Vetter, Scott K.
TI Geochemical and paleomagnetic variations in basalts from the Wendell
Regional Aquifer Systems Analysis (RASA) drill core: Evidence for magma
recharge and assimilation-fractional crystallization from the central
Snake River Plain, Idaho
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID YELLOWSTONE HOTSPOT; VOLCANIC-ROCKS; MIOCENE; BENEATH; RECORD; EARTH
AB The temporal and magmatic evolution of central Snake River Plain (SRP; Idaho, USA) olivine tholeiites erupted within the past 4 m.y. is evaluated here. This investigation correlates and merges both geochemical and paleomagnetic measurements to constrain the volcanic history recovered from the 340 m Regional Aquifer Systems Analysis (RASA) test well located near Wendell, Idaho. Only a handful of studies have accomplished this task of shedding light on the chemical stratigraphy of the SRP and the petrogenesis of basalts with depth, and therefore through time.
Paleomagnetic relationships suggest that time breaks between individual lava flows represent a few years to decades, time breaks between flow groups represent at least a couple of hundred years or possibly much longer, while significant hiatuses in volcanism, revealed by thick sediment packages or polarity reversals (both are evidenced in this well), are inferred to last thousands to tens of thousands of years. Major element geochemistry from 52 basaltic lava flows demonstrates near primitive compositions (i.e., similar to 10 wt% MgO) and tholeiitic iron enrichment trends, similar to lavas from the eastern SRP. Trace element concentrations are similar to those of ocean island basalts, with enriched Ba and Pb, and light rare earth element (REE)/heavy REE ratios similar to those of many Neogene volcanics of the western Cordillera. When combined, we identify a total of 11 flow groups, which we also classify as fractionation or recharge on the basis of decreasing or increasing MgO weight percent with depth.
Taking into consideration these trends, we review the potential recharge, fractionation, and assimilation processes that characterize much of SRP olivine tholeiite, and conclude that assimilation, in combination with fractional crystallization, is the dominant petrogenesis for the basalts in the central SRP. Although fractionation of Wendell parent magmas was accompanied by assimilation of crustal material, this could not have been assimilation of ancient cratonic crust. The geochemical cycles observed in this well are inferred to represent fractionation and recharge of basaltic magma from a series of sill-like layered mafic intrusions located in the middle crust, similar to what has been proposed for the processes that control the
C1 [Jean, Marlon M.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Geol, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Shervais, John W.] Utah State Univ, Dept Geol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Champion, Duane E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Vetter, Scott K.] Centenary Coll Louisiana, Dept Geol, Shreveport, LA 71134 USA.
RP Jean, MM (reprint author), Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Mineral, Callinstr 3, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
EM mmj@niu.edu
NR 52
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 9
IS 5
BP 1319
EP 1335
DI 10.1130/GES00914.1
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 273AU
UT WOS:000328505800010
ER
PT J
AU Lipman, PW
Calvert, AT
AF Lipman, Peter W.
Calvert, Andrew T.
TI Modeling volcano growth on the Island of Hawaii: Deep-water perspectives
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID SCIENTIFIC DRILLING PROJECT; SOUTHWEST RIFT-ZONE; MAUNA-LOA-VOLCANO;
MAGMA SUPPLY RATE; KILAUEA-VOLCANO; MAHUKONA VOLCANO; KOHALA VOLCANO;
STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIONS; LOIHI SEAMOUNT
AB Recent ocean-bottom geophysical surveys, dredging, and dives, which complement surface data and scientific drilling at the Island of Hawaii, document that evolutionary stages during volcano growth are more diverse than previously described. Based on combining available composition, isotopic age, and geologically constrained volume data for each of the component volcanoes, this overview provides the first integrated models for overall growth of any Hawaiian island. In contrast to prior morphologic models for volcano evolution (preshield, shield, postshield), growth increasingly can be tracked by age and volume (magma supply), defining waxing alkalic, sustained tholeiitic, and waning alkalic stages. Data and estimates for individual volcanoes are used to model changing magma supply during successive compositional stages, to place limits on volcano life spans, and to interpret composite assembly of the island. Volcano volumes vary by an order of magnitude; peak magma supply also varies sizably among edifices but is challenging to quantify because of uncertainty about volcano life spans. Three alternative models are compared: (1) near-constant volcano propagation, (2) near-equal volcano durations, (3) high peak-tholeiite magma supply. These models define inconsistencies with prior geodynamic models, indicate that composite growth at Hawaii peaked ca. 800-400 ka, and demonstrate a lower current rate. Recent age determinations for Kilauea and Kohala define a volcano propagation rate of 8.6 cm/yr that yields plausible inception ages for other volcanoes of the Kea trend. In contrast, a similar propagation rate for the less-constrained Loa trend would require inception of Loihi Seamount in the future and ages that become implausibly large for the older volcanoes. An alternative rate of 10.6 cm/yr for Loa-trend volcanoes is reasonably consistent with ages and volcano spacing, but younger Loa volcanoes are offset from the Kea trend in age-distance plots. Variable magma flux at the Island of Hawaii, and longer-term growth of the Hawaiian chain as discrete islands rather than a continuous ridge, may record pulsed magma flow in the hotspot/plume source.
C1 [Lipman, Peter W.; Calvert, Andrew T.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Lipman, PW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 121
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 22
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 9
IS 5
BP 1348
EP 1383
DI 10.1130/GES00935.1
PG 36
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 273AU
UT WOS:000328505800012
ER
PT J
AU Carey, SK
Tetzlaff, D
Buttle, J
Laudon, H
McDonnell, J
McGuire, K
Seibert, J
Soulsby, C
Shanley, J
AF Carey, Sean K.
Tetzlaff, Doerthe
Buttle, Jim
Laudon, Hjalmar
McDonnell, Jeff
McGuire, Kevin
Seibert, Jan
Soulsby, Chris
Shanley, Jamie
TI Use of color maps and wavelet coherence to discern seasonal and
interannual climate influences on streamflow variability in northern
catchments
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE runoff; catchment intercomparison; wavelet coherence; color map
ID EL-NINO/SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; TIME-SERIES; WATER; RUNOFF; STORAGE;
CONNECTIVITY; HYDROLOGY; PATTERNS; REGIMES; BASIN
AB The higher midlatitudes of the northern hemisphere are particularly sensitive to change due to the important role the 0 degrees C isotherm plays in the phase of precipitation and intermediate storage as snow. An international intercatchment comparison program called North-Watch seeks to improve our understanding of the sensitivity of northern catchments to change by examining their hydrological and biogeochemical variability and response. Here eight North-Watch catchments located in Sweden (Krycklan), Scotland (Girnock and Strontian), the United States (Sleepers River, Hubbard Brook, and HJ Andrews), and Canada (Dorset and Wolf Creek) with 10 continuous years of daily precipitation and runoff data were selected to assess daily to seasonal coupling of precipitation (P) and runoff (Q) using wavelet coherency, and to explore the patterns and scales of variability in streamflow using color maps. Wavelet coherency revealed that P and Q were decoupled in catchments with cold winters, yet were strongly coupled during and immediately following the spring snowmelt freshet. In all catchments, coupling at shorter time scales occurred during wet periods when the catchment was responsive and storage deficits were small. At longer time scales, coupling reflected coherence between seasonal cycles, being enhanced at sites with enhanced seasonality in P. Color maps were applied as an alternative method to identify patterns and scales of flow variability. Seasonal versus transient flow variability was identified along with the persistence of that variability on influencing the flow regime. While exploratory in nature, this intercomparison exercise highlights the importance of climate and the 0 degrees C isotherm on the functioning of northern catchments.
C1 [Carey, Sean K.] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
[Tetzlaff, Doerthe; Soulsby, Chris] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Geosci, Northern Rivers Inst, Aberdeen, Scotland.
[Buttle, Jim] Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada.
[Laudon, Hjalmar] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Uppsala, Sweden.
[McDonnell, Jeff] Univ Saskatchewan, Sch Environm & Sustainabil, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
[McGuire, Kevin] Virginia Tech, Virginia Water Resources Res Ctr, Blacksburg, VA USA.
[McGuire, Kevin] Virginia Tech, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA USA.
[Seibert, Jan] Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Shanley, Jamie] US Geol Survey, Montpelier, VT USA.
RP Carey, SK (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
EM careysk@mcmaster.ca
RI Seibert, Jan/B-1432-2009; McGuire, Kevin/E-7770-2010;
OI Seibert, Jan/0000-0002-6314-2124; Tetzlaff, Doerthe/0000-0002-7183-8674;
McGuire, Kevin/0000-0001-5751-3956; Laudon, Hjalmar/0000-0001-6058-1466
FU Leverhulme Trust [F/00 152/AG]; US National Science Foundation
FX The authors thank the comments of three anonymous reviewers,
particularly for the suggestion of color mapping IQR as a robust measure
of dispersion. The North-Watch project
(http://www.abdn.ac.uk/northwatch/) is funded by the Leverhulme Trust
(F/00 152/AG). The authors are also grateful to those individuals and
funding agencies who contributed to gathering the data set presented:
Iain Malcolm, Markus Hrachowitz, Julian Dawson for their assistance in
generating the database for the Mharcaidh, Strontian, and Girnock
catchments. Thanks to staff of the Dorset Environmental Sciences Centre
(Ontario Ministry of the Environment) for provision of the data. Ric
Janowicz of the Yukon Territorial Government is thanked for the Wolf
Creek data. The HJ Andrews team would like to thank Rosemary Fanelli,
Tina Garland for assistance with data assembly; John Moreau for data
collection, and Don Henshaw for data archiving. The USGS water, Energy
and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) program is acknowledged. Hubbard Brook
is part of the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) network, which is
supported by the US National Science Foundation. The Hubbard Brook
Experimental Forest is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest
Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA.
NR 57
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 6
U2 26
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 10
BP 6194
EP 6207
DI 10.1002/wrcr.20469
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 258BI
UT WOS:000327432500005
ER
PT J
AU Harvey, JW
Bohlke, JK
Voytek, MA
Scott, D
Tobias, CR
AF Harvey, Judson W.
Boehlke, J. K.
Voytek, Mary A.
Scott, Durelle
Tobias, Craig R.
TI Hyporheic zone denitrification: Controls on effective reaction depth and
contribution to whole-stream mass balance
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE hyporheic zone; groundwater-surface water interactions; denitrification;
nitrogen cycling; biogeochemistry; surface water quality
ID TRANSIENT STORAGE; FRESH-WATER; NONSORBING SOLUTES; NITROGEN DYNAMICS;
MOUNTAIN STREAM; NITRATE UPTAKE; RICH STREAM; BED FORMS; ECOSYSTEMS;
EXCHANGE
AB Stream denitrification is thought to be enhanced by hyporheic transport but there is little direct evidence from the field. To investigate at a field site, we injected (NO3-)-N-15, Br (conservative tracer), and SF6 (gas exchange tracer) and compared measured whole-stream denitrification with in situ hyporheic denitrification in shallow and deeper flow paths of contrasting geomorphic units. Hyporheic denitrification accounted for between 1 and 200% of whole-stream denitrification. The reaction rate constant was positively related to hyporheic exchange rate (greater substrate delivery), concentrations of substrates DOC and nitrate, microbial denitrifier abundance (nirS), and measures of granular surface area and presence of anoxic microzones. The dimensionless product of the reaction rate constant and hyporheic residence time, (hzhz) define a Damkohler number, Da(den-hz) that was optimal in the subset of hyporheic flow paths where Da(den-hz) approximate to 1. Optimal conditions exclude inefficient deep pathways where substrates are used up and also exclude inefficient shallow pathways that require repeated hyporheic entries and exits to complete the reaction. The whole-stream reaction significance, R-s (dimensionless), was quantified by multiplying Da(den-hz) by the proportion of stream discharge passing through the hyporheic zone. Together these two dimensionless metrics, one flow-path scale and the other reach-scale, quantify the whole-stream significance of hyporheic denitrification. One consequence is that the effective zone of significant denitrification often differs from the full depth of the hyporheic zone, which is one reason why whole-stream denitrification rates have not previously been explained based on total hyporheic-zone metrics such as hyporheic-zone size or residence time.
C1 [Harvey, Judson W.; Boehlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Voytek, Mary A.] NASA, Astrobiol Inst, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Scott, Durelle] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Tobias, Craig R.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
RP Harvey, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Water Resources Discipline, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM jwharvey@usgs.gov
RI Harvey, Judson/L-2047-2013
OI Harvey, Judson/0000-0002-2654-9873
FU USGS HRD; NAWQA Programs; NSF [EAR-0810140, EAR-0814990]; U.S.
Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education and
Extension Service (National Research Initiative Competitive Grants
Program in Watershed Processes and Water Resources)
FX This project was funded by USGS HR&D and NAWQA Programs and by NSF
Grants EAR-0810140 and EAR-0814990 and a grant from the U.S. Department
of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension
Service (National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program in
Watershed Processes and Water Resources). We thank Joel Detty, Mike
Doughten, Janet Hannon, Julie Kirstein, Stan Mroczkowski, Jessica
Newlin, and Eric Nemeth for assistance in the field and laboratory.
Helpful comments on the manuscript were provided by Rich Alexander, Josh
Koch, and two anonymous reviewers at WRR. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 10
BP 6298
EP 6316
DI 10.1002/wrcr.20492
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 258BI
UT WOS:000327432500013
ER
PT J
AU Tiedeman, CR
Green, CT
AF Tiedeman, Claire R.
Green, Christopher T.
TI Effect of correlated observation error on parameters, predictions, and
uncertainty
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE error propagation; observation weighting; inverse modeling; reactive
transport model; full weight matrix; sensitivities
ID INCORPORATING PRIOR INFORMATION; GROUNDWATER-FLOW SYSTEM; INVERSE
PROBLEM; MODEL PREDICTIONS; PILOT POINTS; NOBLE-GASES; WATER;
PALEOTEMPERATURE; RECONSTRUCTION; CALIBRATION
AB Correlations among observation errors are typically omitted when calculating observation weights for model calibration by inverse methods. We explore the effects of omitting these correlations on estimates of parameters, predictions, and uncertainties. First, we develop a new analytical expression for the difference in parameter variance estimated with and without error correlations for a simple one-parameter two-observation inverse model. Results indicate that omitting error correlations from both the weight matrix and the variance calculation can either increase or decrease the parameter variance, depending on the values of error correlation () and the ratio of dimensionless scaled sensitivities (r(dss)). For small , the difference in variance is always small, but for large , the difference varies widely depending on the sign and magnitude of r(dss). Next, we consider a groundwater reactive transport model of denitrification with four parameters and correlated geochemical observation errors that are computed by an error-propagation approach that is new for hydrogeologic studies. We compare parameter estimates, predictions, and uncertainties obtained with and without the error correlations. Omitting the correlations modestly to substantially changes parameter estimates, and causes both increases and decreases of parameter variances, consistent with the analytical expression. Differences in predictions for the models calibrated with and without error correlations can be greater than parameter differences when both are considered relative to their respective confidence intervals. These results indicate that including observation error correlations in weighting for nonlinear regression can have important effects on parameter estimates, predictions, and their respective uncertainties.
C1 [Tiedeman, Claire R.; Green, Christopher T.] US Geol Survey, Water Resources Discipline, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Tiedeman, CR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Water Resources Discipline, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM tiedeman@usgs.gov
FU National Research Program; National Water Quality Assessment Program of
the U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank Steen Christensen, Mary Hill, Associate Editor Ming Ye, and two
anonymous reviewers for comments that substantially improved this paper.
We also thank Eurybiades Busenberg for help with dissolved-gas
equations. This work was funded by the National Research Program and the
National Water Quality Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 52
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U2 10
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PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 10
BP 6339
EP 6355
DI 10.1002/wrcr.20499
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 258BI
UT WOS:000327432500015
ER
PT J
AU Fienen, MN
Masterson, JP
Plant, NG
Gutierrez, BT
Thieler, ER
AF Fienen, Michael N.
Masterson, John P.
Plant, Nathaniel G.
Gutierrez, Benjamin T.
Thieler, E. Robert
TI Bridging groundwater models and decision support with a Bayesian network
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE groundwater; hydrology; Bayes; Bayesian Network; emulation; decision
support
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; ASSATEAGUE ISLAND; COASTAL
AQUIFERS; WATER INTRUSION; BARRIER-ISLAND; PREDICTION; ASSIMILATION;
UNCERTAINTY; MANAGEMENT
AB Resource managers need to make decisions to plan for future environmental conditions, particularly sea level rise, in the face of substantial uncertainty. Many interacting processes factor in to the decisions they face. Advances in process models and the quantification of uncertainty have made models a valuable tool for this purpose. Long-simulation runtimes and, often, numerical instability make linking process models impractical in many cases. A method for emulating the important connections between model input and forecasts, while propagating uncertainty, has the potential to provide a bridge between complicated numerical process models and the efficiency and stability needed for decision making. We explore this using a Bayesian network (BN) to emulate a groundwater flow model. We expand on previous approaches to validating a BN by calculating forecasting skill using cross validation of a groundwater model of Assateague Island in Virginia and Maryland, USA. This BN emulation was shown to capture the important groundwater-flow characteristics and uncertainty of the groundwater system because of its connection to island morphology and sea level. Forecast power metrics associated with the validation of multiple alternative BN designs guided the selection of an optimal level of BN complexity. Assateague island is an ideal test case for exploring a forecasting tool based on current conditions because the unique hydrogeomorphological variability of the island includes a range of settings indicative of past, current, and future conditions. The resulting BN is a valuable tool for exploring the response of groundwater conditions to sea level rise in decision support.
C1 [Fienen, Michael N.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Masterson, John P.] US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, Northborough, MA USA.
[Plant, Nathaniel G.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL USA.
[Gutierrez, Benjamin T.; Thieler, E. Robert] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Fienen, MN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
EM mnfienen@usgs.gov
RI Fienen, Michael/D-2479-2009;
OI Fienen, Michael/0000-0002-7756-4651; Gutierrez,
Benjamin/0000-0002-1879-7893; Plant, Nathaniel/0000-0002-5703-5672;
thieler, e/0000-0003-4311-9717
FU USGS Climate and Land Use Mission Area, Research and Development
Program; USGS Natural Hazards Mission Area, Coastal and Marine Geology
Program
FX This work was funded by the USGS Climate and Land Use Mission Area,
Research and Development Program and the USGS Natural Hazards Mission
Area, Coastal and Marine Geology Program. The authors are grateful to
the National Park Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for
collaboration, data, and access to Assateague Island. Constructive
reviews by Stacey Archfield, Tony Jakeman, two anonymous reviewers, and
the journal editors improved the manuscript.
NR 81
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PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 10
BP 6459
EP 6473
DI 10.1002/wrcr.20496
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 258BI
UT WOS:000327432500023
ER
PT J
AU Arora, B
Mohanty, BP
McGuire, JT
Cozzarelli, IM
AF Arora, Bhavna
Mohanty, Binayak P.
McGuire, Jennifer T.
Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.
TI Temporal dynamics of biogeochemical processes at the Norman Landfill
site
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE wavelet analysis; redox; sulfate reduction; temporal variability;
wavelet transform; biogeochemical processes; field data
ID NATURAL ATTENUATION PROCESSES; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE;
LEACHATE-POLLUTED AQUIFER; CONTAMINATED AQUIFER; WAVELET TRANSFORM;
TIME-SERIES; SUBSURFACE ENVIRONMENTS; MUNICIPAL LANDFILL;
ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; PRACTICAL GUIDE
AB The temporal variability observed in redox sensitive species in groundwater can be attributed to coupled hydrological, geochemical, and microbial processes. These controlling processes are typically nonstationary, and distributed across various time scales. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate biogeochemical data sets from a municipal landfill site to identify the dominant modes of variation and determine the physical controls that become significant at different time scales. Data on hydraulic head, specific conductance, H-2, chloride, sulfate, nitrate, and nonvolatile dissolved organic carbon were collected between 1998 and 2000 at three wells at the Norman Landfill site in Norman, OK. Wavelet analysis on this geochemical data set indicates that variations in concentrations of reactive and conservative solutes are strongly coupled to hydrologic variability (water table elevation and precipitation) at 8 month scales, and to individual eco-hydrogeologic framework (such as seasonality of vegetation, surface-groundwater dynamics) at 16 month scales. Apart from hydrologic variations, temporal variability in sulfate concentrations can be associated with different sources (FeS cycling, recharge events) and sinks (uptake by vegetation) depending on the well location and proximity to the leachate plume. Results suggest that nitrate concentrations show multiscale behavior across temporal scales for different well locations, and dominant variability in dissolved organic carbon for a closed municipal landfill can be larger than 2 years due to its decomposition and changing content. A conceptual framework that explains the variability in chemical concentrations at different time scales as a function of hydrologic processes, site-specific interactions, and/or coupled biogeochemical effects is also presented.
C1 [Arora, Bhavna; Mohanty, Binayak P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA.
[McGuire, Jennifer T.] Univ St Thomas, Dept Geol, St Paul, MN USA.
[Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Arora, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 74-327R, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM barora@lbl.gov
RI Arora, Bhavna/D-2293-2015;
OI Arora, Bhavna/0000-0001-7841-886X; Cozzarelli,
Isabelle/0000-0002-5123-1007
FU National Science Foundation [EAR 0635961]
FX This project was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant EAR
0635961).
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PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 10
BP 6909
EP 6926
DI 10.1002/wrcr.20484
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 258BI
UT WOS:000327432500054
ER
PT J
AU Mwakanyamale, K
Day-Lewis, FD
Slater, LD
AF Mwakanyamale, Kisa
Day-Lewis, Frederick D.
Slater, Lee D.
TI Statistical mapping of zones of focused groundwater/surface-water
exchange using fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE spectral analysis; discriminant analysis; groundwater-surface water
exchange
ID DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; HYPORHEIC ZONE; RIVER
AB Fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) increasingly is used to map zones of focused groundwater/surface-water exchange (GWSWE). Previous studies of GWSWE using FO-DTS involved identification of zones of focused GWSWE based on arbitrary cutoffs of FO-DTS time-series statistics (e.g., variance, cross-correlation between temperature and stage, or spectral power). New approaches are needed to extract more quantitative information from large, complex FO-DTS data sets while concurrently providing an assessment of uncertainty associated with mapping zones of focused GSWSE. Toward this end, we present a strategy combining discriminant analysis (DA) and spectral analysis (SA). We demonstrate the approach using field experimental data from a reach of the Columbia River adjacent to the Hanford 300 Area site. Results of the combined SA/DA approach are shown to be superior to previous results from qualitative interpretation of FO-DTS spectra alone.
C1 [Mwakanyamale, Kisa; Slater, Lee D.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Day-Lewis, Frederick D.] US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, Storrs, CT USA.
RP Mwakanyamale, K (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Geog, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
EM kisa010@gmail.com
OI Day-Lewis, Frederick/0000-0003-3526-886X
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DOE - DE - FG02 - 08ER64561]; U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS) Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; Groundwater Resources
Program
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under grant
number DOE - DE - FG02 - 08ER64561 with additional support from the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS) Toxic Substances Hydrology Program and
Groundwater Resources Program. We thank Andy Ward, Jason Greenwood, and
Christopher Strickland (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory), and
Carole Johnson (USGS) for field assistance. We are also grateful to
Dimitrios Ntarlagiannis, Roelof Versteeg, and Timothy Johnson. We also
thank the three anonymous reviewers for their suggestions and Rory
Henderson (AECOM) for a colleague review of the draft manuscript. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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SN 0043-1397
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J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
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BP 6979
EP 6984
DI 10.1002/wrcr.20458
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 258BI
UT WOS:000327432500059
ER
PT J
AU Boone, SS
Divers, SJ
Camus, AC
Peterson, DL
Jennings, CA
Shelton, JL
Hernandez, SM
AF Boone, S. Shaun
Divers, Stephen J.
Camus, Alvin C.
Peterson, Douglas L.
Jennings, Cecil A.
Shelton, James L.
Hernandez, Sonia M.
TI Pathologic and Physiologic Effects Associated with Long-Term
Intracoelomic Transmitters in Captive Siberian Sturgeon
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; IMPLANTED RADIO TRANSMITTERS; DUMMY ACOUSTIC
TRANSMITTERS; CARP CYPRINUS-CARPIO; TELEMETRY TRANSMITTERS; SURGICAL
IMPLANTATION; RAINBOW-TROUT; LAKE STURGEON; SUTURE TYPE; INFLAMMATORY
RESPONSE
AB Intracoelomic transmitters are commonly used to evaluate migratory patterns, distribution, and habitat use of many species of fish. Currently, transmitter implantation relies mostly on the assumption that transmitters do not cause any adverse physiological or pathological effects on the animal. To investigate these effects, we surgically implanted 60 Siberian Sturgeon Acipenser baeri with transmitters that weighed less than 2% of their body weight. Postoperative assessments were conducted at 1, 2, 8, 12, 26, and 55 weeks to evaluate surgical healing and transmitter retention. Blood samples were collected before and after the 55-week study for serum cortisol analysis. Overall transmitter loss was 32%. Minor to moderate adhesions were noted at necropsy but did not appear to affect organ function. One fish was noted to have an intraintestinal transmitter at necropsy, but the fish was in overall good health. Long-term transmitter presence does not appear to increase serum cortisol levels or affect overall growth more than nontransmitter fish. Although long-term telemetry studies can be undertaken with minimal concern for negative physiological or pathological effects from transmitters, researchers should be aware that transmitter loss rates may be higher than previously thought. Mechanisms for transmitter loss may include expulsion through the surgical incision, expulsion through the mucocutaneous junction between the large intestine and the vent, or intraintestinal capture and expulsion through the vent. Received February 10, 2013; accepted June 10, 2013
C1 [Boone, S. Shaun; Peterson, Douglas L.; Shelton, James L.; Hernandez, Sonia M.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Divers, Stephen J.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Med & Surg Zool Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Camus, Alvin C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Jennings, Cecil A.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Hernandez, Sonia M.] Univ Georgia, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Boone, SS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM sboone@uga.edu
FU U.S. Department of Interior [GA 401818G549]; Warnell School of Forestry
and Natural Resources at the University of Georgia; Georgia Department
of Natural Resources; University of Georgia; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This investigation was financially supported primarily by the U.S.
Department of Interior (GA 401818G549), and the authors are grateful to
Paul Hartfield (Endangered Species Biologist, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service) for his assistance. Additional support was provided by the
Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources at the University of
Georgia. The authors would also like to thank Novartis Animal Health for
generously providing the Ethicon suture materials used in this project,
and the numerous veterinary, undergraduate and graduate students that
provided technical assistance. The Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit is sponsored jointly by the Georgia Department of Natural
Resources, the University of Georgia, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey. The mention of commercial or
trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 5
BP 869
EP 877
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.815668
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 264HP
UT WOS:000327867900001
ER
PT J
AU Kaeding, LR
AF Kaeding, Lynn R.
TI Informative Correlations among Metrics of Yellowstone Lake Cutthroat
Trout Caught by Two Quantitative Methods across Three Recent Decades
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
AB The Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri (YCT) of Yellowstone Lake, in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, is an iteroparous fish and obligate stream spawner. The size and several other attributes of the annual YCT spawning run in one lake tributary, Clear Creek, have been periodically estimated for several decades. The trends in that run's metrics have been assumed to depict the trends in the lake's YCT population as a whole, although such associations had not been substantiated by statistical analyses. The present study revealed strong correlations between metrics of YCT in the run (years 1977-2007) and of prespawner YCT (i.e., mature fish whose excised gonads indicated that the fish would have spawned the next year) caught in gill nets set in various lake locations the preceding fall. Data for both capture methods also revealed a negative effect of spawning population density on YCT somatic growth, which is known to be positively associated with fecundity. This study showed that most metrics of YCT in the Clear Creek spawning run were indicative of those of prespawner YCT in Yellowstone Lake and aided the development of population models that are needed to determine the causal factors in the recent, three-decade population decline of YCT. Received April 10, 2013; accepted June 12, 2013
C1 [Kaeding, Lynn R.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Kaeding, Lynn R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Native Fishes Branch, Montana Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Kaeding, LR (reprint author), 669 Stonegate Dr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM kaedingl@aol.com
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX I thank the many persons who contributed to this study. Pat Bigelow,
Glenn Boltz, Phil Doepke, and Brian Ertel helped assemble data. Doctoral
committee members Bob Garrott, the late Daniel Goodman (chairman), Bob
Gresswell, Todd Koel, Tom McMahon, Jim Robison-Cox, and John Sheppard
provided constructive comments on a preceding version of this report
when it constituted part of a chapter in the work by Kaeding (2010). Hal
Schramm provided constructive comments on a subsequent version of the
manuscript. Carter Kruse and an anonymous reviewer provided useful
suggestions on the manuscript submitted for publication. Funding for
this study was partly provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 5
BP 882
EP 886
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.815672
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 264HP
UT WOS:000327867900003
ER
PT J
AU Colvin, ME
Bettoli, PW
Scholten, GD
AF Colvin, Michael E.
Bettoli, Phillip W.
Scholten, George D.
TI Predicting Paddlefish Roe Yields Using an Extension of the Beverton-Holt
Equilibrium Yield-per-Recruit Model
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID SHOVELNOSE STURGEON POPULATIONS; UNITED-STATES; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; LOWER
TENNESSEE; NORTH-AMERICA; HARVEST; MORTALITY; MANAGEMENT; FISHERIES;
HISTORY
AB Equilibrium yield models predict the total biomass removed from an exploited stock; however, traditional yield models must be modified to simulate roe yields because a linear relationship between age (or length) and mature ovary weight does not typically exist. We extended the traditional Beverton-Holt equilibrium yield model to predict roe yields of Paddlefish Polyodon spathula in Kentucky Lake, Tennessee-Kentucky, as a function of varying conditional fishing mortality rates (10-70%), conditional natural mortality rates (cm; 9% and 18%), and four minimum size limits ranging from 864 to 1,016mm eye-to-fork length. These results were then compared to a biomass-based yield assessment. Analysis of roe yields indicated the potential for growth overfishing at lower exploitation rates and smaller minimum length limits than were suggested by the biomass-based assessment. Patterns of biomass and roe yields in relation to exploitation rates were similar regardless of the simulated value of cm, thus indicating that the results were insensitive to changes in cm. Our results also suggested that higher minimum length limits would increase roe yield and reduce the potential for growth overfishing and recruitment overfishing at the simulated cm values. Biomass-based equilibrium yield assessments are commonly used to assess the effects of harvest on other caviar-based fisheries; however, our analysis demonstrates that such assessments likely underestimate the probability and severity of growth overfishing when roe is targeted. Therefore, equilibrium roe yield-per-recruit models should also be considered to guide the management process for caviar-producing fish species. Received December 13, 2012; accepted June 20, 2013
C1 [Colvin, Michael E.] Oregon State Univ, Fish & Wildlife Dept, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Bettoli, Phillip W.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
[Scholten, George D.] Iowa Dept Nat Resources, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA.
RP Colvin, ME (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Fish & Wildlife Dept, 110 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM colvin.mike@gmail.com
FU U.S. Geological Survey, acting on the recommendation of the USFWS Office
of Scientific Authority; U.S. Geological Survey, Tennessee Technological
University; Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency
FX Principal funding for the field collections of Paddlefish in Kentucky
Lake was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, acting on the
recommendation of the USFWS Office of Scientific Authority. The
Tennessee Cooperative Fishery Research Unit is jointly supported by the
U.S. Geological Survey, Tennessee Technological University, and the
Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. The manuscript was improved by
critical reviews from Craig Paukert, Andre Punt, and three anonymous
reviewers. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 5
BP 940
EP 949
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.820242
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 264HP
UT WOS:000327867900010
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, YM
Kocovsky, PM
Madenjian, CP
AF Zhao, Yingming
Kocovsky, Patrick M.
Madenjian, Charles P.
TI Development of a Stock-Recruitment Model and Assessment of Biological
Reference Points for the Lake Erie Walleye Fishery
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BIOPHYSICAL MODEL;
VARIABILITY; MICHIGAN; ALEWIVES; MATURITY; CLIMATE
AB We developed an updated stock-recruitment relationship for Lake Erie Walleye Sander vitreus using the Akaike information criterion model selection approach. Our best stock-recruitment relationship was a Ricker spawner-recruit function to which spring warming rate was added as an environmental variable, and this regression model explained 39% of the variability in Walleye recruitment over the 1978 through 2006 year-classes. Thus, most of the variability in Lake Erie Walleye recruitment appeared to be attributable to factors other than spawning stock size and spring warming rate. The abundance of age-0 Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum, which was an important term in previous models, may still be an important factor for Walleye recruitment, but poorer ability to monitor Gizzard Shad since the late 1990s could have led to that term failing to appear in our best model. Secondly, we used numerical simulation to demonstrate how to use the stock recruitment relationship to characterize the population dynamics (such as stable age structure, carrying capacity, and maximum sustainable yield) and some biological reference points (such as fishing rates at different important biomass or harvest levels) for an age-structured population in a deterministic way. Received September 21, 2012; accepted July 2, 2013
C1 [Zhao, Yingming] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Aquat Res & Dev Sect, Wheatley, ON N0P 2P0, Canada.
[Kocovsky, Patrick M.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Madenjian, Charles P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Zhao, YM (reprint author), Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Aquat Res & Dev Sect, 320 Milo Rd, Wheatley, ON N0P 2P0, Canada.
EM yingming.zhao@ontario.ca
FU Lake Erie Committee's Walleye Task Group; Lake Erie Committee's Forage
Task Group
FX We thank the Lake Erie Committee's Walleye Task Group and Forage Task
Group for providing data and for supporting this research. Water
temperature data were provided by G. Dunmore of the Ontario Clean Water
Agency. C. Vandergoot, A. Cook, and three anonymous reviewers provided
constructive reviews. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government or Canadian Government. This article is contribution 1778 of
the U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 26
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 5
BP 956
EP 964
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.822442
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 264HP
UT WOS:000327867900012
ER
PT J
AU McCormick, JL
Quist, MC
Schill, DJ
AF McCormick, Joshua L.
Quist, Michael C.
Schill, Daniel J.
TI Creel Survey Sampling Designs for Estimating Effort in Short-Duration
Chinook Salmon Fisheries
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGLER SURVEYS; CATCH; HARVEST; RIVER; LAKES
AB Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha sport fisheries in the Columbia River basin are commonly monitored using roving creel survey designs and require precise, unbiased catch estimates. The objective of this study was to examine the relative bias and precision of total catch estimates using various sampling designs to estimate angling effort under the assumption that mean catch rate was known. We obtained information on angling populations based on direct visual observations of portions of Chinook Salmon fisheries in three Idaho river systems over a 23-d period. Based on the angling population, Monte Carlo simulations were used to evaluate the properties of effort and catch estimates for each sampling design. All sampling designs evaluated were relatively unbiased. Systematic random sampling (SYS) resulted in the most precise estimates. The SYS and simple random sampling designs had mean square error (MSE) estimates that were generally half of those observed with cluster sampling designs. The SYS design was more efficient (i.e., higher accuracy per unit cost) than a two-cluster design. Increasing the number of clusters available for sampling within a day decreased the MSE of estimates of daily angling effort, but the MSE of total catch estimates was variable depending on the fishery. The results of our simulations provide guidelines on the relative influence of sample sizes and sampling designs on parameters of interest in short-duration Chinook Salmon fisheries. Received February 5, 2013; accepted July 1, 2013
C1 [McCormick, Joshua L.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Quist, Michael C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Schill, Daniel J.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Nampa, ID 83686 USA.
RP McCormick, JL (reprint author), Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, 3406 Cherry Ave Northeast, Salem, OR 97303 USA.
EM joshua.l.mccormick@state.or.us
FU IDFG through Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration; University of Idaho;
U.S. Geological Survey; IDFG; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank Nick Porter for assistance with data collection and IDFG
management biologists for providing their expertise on sampling
locations and current survey designs. We thank M. R. Falcy, F. M.
Wilhelm, C. J. Williams, Z. Su, and two anonymous reviewers for their
comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Funding for this
project was provided by IDFG through Federal Aid in Sport Fish
Restoration. The Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
jointly sponsored by the University of Idaho, U.S. Geological Survey,
IDFG, and Wildlife Management Institute. The use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 5
BP 977
EP 993
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.822444
PG 17
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 264HP
UT WOS:000327867900014
ER
PT J
AU Caldwell, CA
Jacobi, GZ
Anderson, MC
Parmenter, RR
McGann, J
Gould, WR
DuBey, R
Jacobi, MD
AF Caldwell, Colleen A.
Jacobi, Gerald Z.
Anderson, Michael C.
Parmenter, Robert R.
McGann, Jeanine
Gould, William R.
DuBey, Robert
Jacobi, M. Donna
TI Prescribed-Fire Effects on an Aquatic Community of a Southwest Montane
Grassland System
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID ELEMENTAL ORGANIC-ANALYSIS; BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES; INSECT
COMMUNITIES; STREAM TEMPERATURE; WATER CHEMISTRY; NATIVE FISHES;
NORTH-AMERICA; RIPARIAN ZONE; USA STREAMS; LONG-TERM
AB The use of prescription fire has long been recognized as a reliable management tool to suppress vegetative succession processes and to reduce fuel loading to prevent catastrophic wildfires, but very little attention has been paid to the effects on aquatic systems. A late-fall prescribed burn was implemented to characterize effects on an aquatic community within a montane grassland system in north-central New Mexico. The fire treatment was consistent with protocols of a managed burn except that the fire was allowed to burn through the riparian area to the treatment stream to replicate natural fire behavior. In addition to summer and fall preburn assessment of the treatment and reference stream, we characterized immediate postfire effects (within a week for macroinvertebrates and within 6 months for fish) and seasonal effects over a 2-year period. Responses within the treatment stream were compared with an unburned reference stream adjacent to the prescription burn. During the burn, the diel range in air temperature increased by 5 degrees C while diel range in water temperature did not change. Carbon-nitrogen ratios did not differ between treatment and reference streams, indicating the contribution of ash from the surrounding grassland was negligible. Although total taxa and species richness of aquatic macroinvertebrates were not altered, qualitative indices revealed departure from preburn condition due to loss of sensitive taxa (mayflies [order Ephemeroptera] and stoneflies [order Plecoptera]) and an increase in tolerant taxa (midges [order Chironomidae]) following the burn. Within 1 year of the burn, these attributes returned to preburn conditions. The density and recruitment of adult Brown Trout Salmo trutta did not differ between pre- and postburn collections, nor did fish condition differ. Fire is rarely truly replicated within a given study. Although our study represents one replication, the results will inform managers about the importance in timing (seasonality) of prescription burn and anticipated effects on aquatic communities. Received January 9, 2013; accepted June 27, 2013
C1 [Caldwell, Colleen A.] US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Jacobi, Gerald Z.; Jacobi, M. Donna] Jacobi & Associates, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA.
[Anderson, Michael C.; DuBey, Robert] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Parmenter, Robert R.] Valles Caldera Natl Preserve, Jemez Springs, NM 87025 USA.
[McGann, Jeanine] Univ New Mexico, Water Resources Program, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Gould, William R.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Econ & Appl Stat, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Caldwell, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 2980 South Espina St, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM ccaldwel@nmsu.edu
FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service; Rocky Mountain
Experimental Research Station; Albuquerque, New Mexico; Valles Caldera
National Preserve; New Mexico State University Animal Care and Use
Committee procedures
FX Financial support for this study was provided by a grant from the U.S.
Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Experimental
Research Station, Albuquerque, New Mexico, and the Valles Caldera
National Preserve. Additional support was provided by New Mexico State
University, Agriculture Experiment Station, Department of Fish, Wildlife
and Conservation Ecology; and U.S. Geological Survey, New Mexico
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. D. McGuire (McGuire
Consulting, Espanola, New Mexico) was consulted on identification of
Chironomidae (nonbiting midges) and M. Myers (U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Albuquerque, New Mexico) was consulted on identification of
Trichoptera (caddisflies). D. Klemm (U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio) identified the Hirudinea (leeches). K.
Montgomery and J. Gulbransen of the Valles Caldera National Preserve
assisted with collection, some sample processing, and sample site
verifications. The project was conducted under New Mexico State
University Animal Care and Use Committee procedures under Project
2007-014. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not
constitute endorsement or recommendations for use by the U.S.
Government.
NR 63
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 27
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 5
BP 1049
EP 1062
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.824934
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 264HP
UT WOS:000327867900020
ER
PT J
AU Debing, Y
Winton, J
Neyts, J
Dallmeier, K
AF Debing, Yannick
Winton, James
Neyts, Johan
Dallmeier, Kai
TI Cutthroat trout virus as a surrogate in vitro infection model for
testing inhibitors of hepatitis E virus replication
SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Hepatitis E virus; Cutthroat trout virus; Antiviral; Ribavirin;
Interferon; Pregnancy
ID VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS; FISH CELL-LINES; RAINBOW-TROUT;
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; C VIRUS; INDUCTION; OOGENESIS; RECEPTOR
AB Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the most important causes of acute hepatitis worldwide. Although most infections are self-limiting, mortality is particularly high in pregnant women. Chronic infections can occur in transplant and other immune-compromised patients. Successful treatment of chronic hepatitis E has been reported with ribavirin and pegylated interferon-alpha, however severe side effects were observed. We employed the cutthroat trout virus (CTV), a non-pathogenic fish virus with remarkable similarities to HEV, as a potential surrogate for HEV and established an antiviral assay against this virus using the Chinook salmon embryo (CHSE-214) cell line. Ribavirin and the respective trout interferon were found to efficiently inhibit CTV replication. Other known broad-spectrum inhibitors of RNA virus replication such as the nucleoside analog 2'-C-methylcytidine resulted only in a moderate antiviral activity. In its natural fish host, CTV levels largely fluctuate during the reproductive cycle with the virus detected mainly during spawning. We wondered whether this aspect of CTV infection may serve as a surrogate model for the peculiar pathogenesis of HEV in pregnant women. To that end the effect of three sex steroids on in vitro CTV replication was evaluated. Whereas progesterone resulted in marked inhibition of virus replication, testosterone and 17 beta-estradiol stimulated viral growth. Our data thus indicate that ON may serve as a surrogate model for HEV, both for antiviral experiments and studies on the replication biology of the Hepeviridae. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Debing, Yannick; Neyts, Johan; Dallmeier, Kai] Catholic Univ Louvain, Rega Inst Med Res, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.
[Winton, James] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Neyts, J (reprint author), Catholic Univ Louvain, Rega Inst Med Res, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Minderbroedersstr 10, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.
EM johan.neyts@rega.kuleuven.be
OI Debing, Yannick/0000-0001-6566-9408
FU KU Leuven; Geconcerteerde Onderzoeksacties [GOA/10/014]; EU [260644]
FX We are grateful to Jun Zou, University of Aberdeen, for supplying
recombinant rtIFN2, Jan Paeshuyse for fruitful discussions and the
reviewers of Antiviral Research for their valuable suggestions to
improve this paper. Yannick Debing is a fellow of the Research Fund -
Flanders (FWO). This work is supported by KU Leuven, Geconcerteerde
Onderzoeksacties (GOA/10/014) and EU FP7 project SILVER (no. 260644).
Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 35
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-3542
EI 1872-9096
J9 ANTIVIR RES
JI Antiviral Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 100
IS 1
BP 98
EP 101
DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.07.013
PG 4
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 268OB
UT WOS:000328179300012
PM 23916729
ER
PT J
AU Bente, DA
Forrester, NL
Watts, DM
McAuley, AJ
Whitehouse, CA
Bray, M
AF Bente, Dennis A.
Forrester, Naomi L.
Watts, Douglas M.
McAuley, Alexander J.
Whitehouse, Chris A.
Bray, Mike
TI Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis,
clinical syndrome and genetic diversity
SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus; Tick-borne virus; Arbovirus;
Nairovirus; Bunyavirus; Viral hemorrhagic fever
ID M-RNA SEGMENT; SALIVA-ACTIVATED TRANSMISSION; VIRUS NUCLEOCAPSID
PROTEIN; ADULT HYALOMMA-TRUNCATUM; BORNE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS;
RECEPTOR-KNOCKOUT MICE; INFLUENZA-LIKE VIRUS; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS;
RT-PCR ASSAY; NOSOCOMIAL OUTBREAK
AB Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is the most important tick-borne viral disease of humans, causing sporadic cases or outbreaks of severe illness across a huge geographic area, from western China to the Middle East and southeastern Europe and throughout most of Africa. CCHFV is maintained in vertical and horizontal transmission cycles involving ixodid ticks and a variety of wild and domestic vertebrates, which do not show signs of illness. The virus circulates in a number of tick genera, but Hyalomma ticks are the principal source of human infection, probably because both immature and adult forms actively seek hosts for the blood meals required at each stage of maturation. CCHF occurs most frequently among agricultural workers following the bite of an infected tick, and to a lesser extent among slaughterhouse workers exposed to the blood and tissues of infected livestock and medical personnel through contact with the body fluids of infected patients. CCHFV is the most genetically diverse of the arboviruses, with nucleotide sequence differences among isolates ranging from 20% for the viral S segment to 31% for the M segment. Viruses with diverse sequences can be found within the same geographic area, while closely related viruses have been isolated in far distant regions, suggesting that widespread dispersion of CCHFV has occurred at times in the past, possibly by ticks carried on migratory birds or through the international livestock trade. Reassortment among genome segments during co-infection of ticks or vertebrates appears to have played an important role in generating diversity, and represents a potential future source of novel viruses. In this article, we first review current knowledge of CCHFV, summarizing its molecular biology, maintenance and transmission, epidemiology and geographic range. We also include an extensive discussion of CCHFV genetic diversity, including maps of the range of the virus with superimposed phylogenetic trees. We then review the features of CCHF, including the clinical syndrome, diagnosis, treatment, pathogenesis, vaccine development and laboratory animal models of CCHF. The paper ends with a discussion of the possible future geographic range of the virus. For the benefit of researchers, we include a Supplementary Table listing all published reports of CCHF cases and outbreaks in the English-language literature, plus some principal articles in other languages, with total case numbers, case fatality rates and all CCHFV strains on GenBank. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bente, Dennis A.; McAuley, Alexander J.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA.
[Forrester, Naomi L.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA.
[Watts, Douglas M.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Vet Serv, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Whitehouse, Chris A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Bray, Mike] NIAID, Div Clin Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Bente, DA (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA.
EM dabente@utmb.edu
OI McAuley, Alexander/0000-0002-7632-9633
FU NIAID NIH HHS [UC6 AI058588]
NR 273
TC 114
Z9 119
U1 6
U2 56
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-3542
EI 1872-9096
J9 ANTIVIR RES
JI Antiviral Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 100
IS 1
BP 159
EP 189
DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.07.006
PG 31
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 268OB
UT WOS:000328179300018
PM 23906741
ER
PT J
AU Sigourney, DB
Letcher, BH
Obedzinski, M
Cunjak, RA
AF Sigourney, Douglas B.
Letcher, Benjamin H.
Obedzinski, Mariska
Cunjak, Richard A.
TI Interactive effects of life history and season on size-dependent growth
in juvenile Atlantic salmon
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic salmon; compensatory growth; depensatory growth; parr;
size-dependent growth; smolt
ID SALAR L; BODY-SIZE; COMPENSATORY GROWTH; SEAWARD MIGRATION; BROWN TROUT;
PATTERNS; SURVIVAL; LENGTH; STATE; PARR
AB Size-dependent growth (SDG) is an important process in structuring populations as well as determining life history outcomes. Despite its importance, there have been few investigations from observational studies focusing on the interaction between life history decisions and SDG. In this study, we used data on individually tagged Atlantic salmon from both the laboratory and the field to investigate differences in SDG among two life history groups, parr and smolts. In the laboratory, we found little evidence of SDG in parr but seasonally dependent SDG in the smolt group. Smolts showed at strong compensatory response over the winter months just prior to the smolt transformation window. In the field, we found little evidence of SDG early in ontogeny (i.e., age 0+ fall and winter). There was some evidence of depensatory growth (positive SDG) during the age 1+ spring among both life history groups that may reflect random habitat variation or the monopolisation of resources. After the age 1+ spring, we found that smolts were more likely to show a compensatory effect (negative SDG) than parr. This effect was strongest, as they approached the smolt window in the spring of their age 2+ year. These results suggest (i) SDG is common in Atlantic salmon; however, the form and extent of life history depends on (ii) season and (iii) life history. For individuals that adopt a smolt life history, trade-offs between freshwater survival and sea survival may lead to a convergent growth pattern, as they approach the smolt migration window.
C1 [Sigourney, Douglas B.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Letcher, Benjamin H.] US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA USA.
[Obedzinski, Mariska] UC Cooperat Extens, Santa Rosa, CA USA.
[Cunjak, Richard A.] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Biol, Fac Forestry & Environm Management, Canadian Rivers Inst, Fredericton, NB E3B 6E1, Canada.
RP Sigourney, DB (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM douglas.sigourney@maine.edu
FU National Marine Fisheries Service; Biological Resources Division of the
U.S. Geological Survey
FX The authors would like to thank the many people who helped sample the
study site, in particular S. Carlson, J. Coombs, G. Gries, M. O'Donnell
and T. Dubreuil. We would also like to thank A. Varaday and T. Evans for
assistance in the laboratory and G. Horton for comments on early drafts
of this manuscript. For the laboratory study, eggs were supplied by
staff at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Craig Brook, Green Lake
and White River National Fish Hatcheries and funding was provided by the
National Marine Fisheries Service. This work was also supported by the
Biological Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 4
BP 495
EP 507
DI 10.1111/eff.12042
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 263CC
UT WOS:000327783200001
ER
PT J
AU Walters, AW
Copeland, T
Venditti, DA
AF Walters, Annika W.
Copeland, Timothy
Venditti, David A.
TI The density dilemma: limitations on juvenile production in threatened
salmon populations
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE density dependence; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; growth; survival;
hierarchical modelling
ID DEPENDENT INDIVIDUAL GROWTH; TO-SMOLT SURVIVAL; CHINOOK SALMON;
ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; ATLANTIC SALMON; BROWN TROUT; SNAKE RIVER;
FISH STOCKS; PACIFIC SALMON; IDAHO STREAMS
AB Density-dependent processes have repeatedly been shown to have a central role in salmonid population dynamics, but are often assumed to be negligible for populations at low abundances relative to historical records. Density dependence has been observed in overall spring/summer Snake River Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha production, but it is not clear how patterns observed at the aggregate level relate to individual populations within the basin. We used a Bayesian hierarchical modelling approach to explore the degree of density dependence in juvenile production for nine Idaho populations. Our results indicate that density dependence is ubiquitous, although its strength varies between populations. We also investigated the processes driving the population-level pattern and found density-dependent growth and mortality present for both common life-history strategies, but no evidence of density-dependent movement. Overwinter mortality, spatial clustering of redds and limited resource availability were identified as potentially important limiting factors contributing to density dependence. The ubiquity of density dependence for these threatened populations is alarming as stability at present low abundance levels suggests recovery may be difficult without major changes. We conclude that density dependence at the population level is common and must be considered in demographic analysis and management.
C1 [Walters, Annika W.] Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Copeland, Timothy; Venditti, David A.] Fisheries Res, Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Nampa, ID USA.
RP Walters, AW (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept 3166, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM annika.walters@uwyo.edu
FU Bonneville Power Administration [1989-098-00, 1990-055-00]; National
Research Council
FX Bruce Barnett assisted with collection and collation of much of the
data. The Nez Perce Tribe and the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes provided data
for the Secesh River and East Fork Salmon River, respectively. Paul Bunn
provided the map figure. Eric Ward wrote the code for the Bayesian
hierarchical modelling. Michelle McClure generously gave guidance to
AWW. The study benefitted from review by Charlie Petrosky and two
anonymous reviewers. Funding for field work and support for DAV and TC
were provided by the Bonneville Power Administration (projects
1989-098-00 and 1990-055-00). AWW was supported by a postdoctoral
fellowship from the National Research Council. Any use of trade, firm or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 79
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 40
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 4
BP 508
EP 519
DI 10.1111/eff.12046
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 263CC
UT WOS:000327783200002
ER
PT J
AU Welsh, SA
Smith, DM
Taylor, ND
AF Welsh, Stuart A.
Smith, Dustin M.
Taylor, Nate D.
TI Microhabitat use of the diamond darter
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE Crystallaria cincotta; diamond darter; microhabitat use; Elk River
ID CRYSTALLARIA-CINCOTTA; WEST-VIRGINIA; ELK RIVER; PERCIDAE; STREAM
AB The only known extant population of the diamond darter (Crystallaria cincotta) exists in the lower 37 km of Elk River, WV, USA. Our understanding of diamond darter habitat use was previously limited, because few individuals have been observed during sampling with conventional gears. We quantified microhabitat use of diamond darters based on measurements of water depth, water velocity and per cent substrate composition. Using spotlights at night-time, we sampled 16 sites within the lower 133 km of Elk River and observed a total of 82 diamond darters at 10 of 11 sampling sites within the lower 37 km. Glides, located immediately upstream of riffles, were the primary habitats sampled for diamond darters, which included relatively shallow depths (< 1m), moderate-to-low water velocities (often < 0.5ms(-1)) and a smooth water surface. Microhabitat use (mean +/- SE) of diamond darters was estimated for depth (0.47 +/- 0.02m), average velocity (0.27 +/- 0.01ms(-1)) and bottom velocity (0.15 +/- 0.01ms(-1)). Substrate used (mean +/- SE) by diamond darters was predominantly sand intermixed with lesser amounts of gravel and cobble: % sand (52.1 +/- 1.6), % small gravel (12.2 +/- 0.78), % large gravel (14.2 +/- 0.83), % cobble (19.8 +/- 0.96) and % boulder (1.6 +/- 0.36). Based on our microhabitat use data, conservation and management efforts for this species should consider preserving glide habitats within Elk River. Spotlighting, a successful sampling method for diamond darters, should be considered for study designs of population estimation and long-term monitoring.
C1 [Welsh, Stuart A.] W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Smith, Dustin M.; Taylor, Nate D.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Welsh, SA (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 313 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM swelsh@wvu.edu
FU West Virginia Division of Natural Resources; West Virginia University
IACUC protocol [12-0205]
FX The West Virginia Division of Natural Resources provided funding for
this research project. Dan Cincotta, Barb Douglas, Walt Kordek and Craig
Stihler provided valuable comments and insights during project
development. Crystal Ruble was first to locate a diamond darter using a
spotlight during September 2011, and Pat Rakes contributed to refining
this sampling method. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government. This study was performed under the auspices of West Virginia
University IACUC protocol 12-0205.
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 4
BP 587
EP 595
DI 10.1111/eff.12062
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 263CC
UT WOS:000327783200009
ER
PT J
AU Cruz, BB
Miranda, LE
Cetra, M
AF Cruz, Bruna B.
Miranda, Leandro E.
Cetra, Mauricio
TI Links between riparian landcover, instream environment and fish
assemblages in headwater streams of south-eastern Brazil
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE hierarchy; environmental factors; CAP analysis; functional traits
ID MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL; FRESH-WATER;
FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; HABITAT DEGRADATION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE;
CANONICAL-ANALYSIS; SPECIES RICHNESS; FLOODPLAIN LAKES; QUALITY
AB We hypothesised and tested a hierarchical organisation model where riparian landcover would influence bank composition and light availability, which in turn would influence instream environments and control fish assemblages. The study was conducted during the dry season in 11 headwater tributaries of the Sorocaba River in the upper Parana River Basin, south-eastern Brazil. We focused on seven environmental factors each represented by one or multiple environmental variables and seven fish functional traits each represented by two or more classes. Multivariate direct gradient analyses suggested that riparian zone landcover can be considered a higher level causal factor in a network of relations that control instream characteristics and fish assemblages. Our results provide a framework for a hierarchical conceptual model that identifies singular and collective influences of variables from different scales on each other and ultimately on different aspects related to stream fish functional composition. This conceptual model is focused on the relationships between riparian landcover and instream variables as causal factors on the organisation of stream fish assemblages. Our results can also be viewed as a model for headwater stream management in that landcover can be manipulated to influence factors such as bank composition, substrates and water quality, whereas fish assemblage composition can be used as indicators to monitor the success of such efforts.
C1 [Cruz, Bruna B.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos UFSCar Sorocaba, Programa Posgrad Diversidade Biol & Conservacao, BR-18052780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
[Miranda, Leandro E.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Cetra, Mauricio] Univ Fed Sao Carlos UFSCar Sorocaba, Dept Ciencias Ambientais, BR-18052780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
RP Cruz, BB (reprint author), Univ Fed Sao Carlos UFSCar Sorocaba, Programa Posgrad Diversidade Biol & Conservacao, Rodovia Joao Leme dos Santos,Km 110, BR-18052780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
EM brunabotti@yahoo.com.br
FU Sao Paulo Research Foundation, FAPESP [2009/53056-8]; Coordenacao de
Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, CAPES
FX We are grateful to innumerable people from the Federal University of Sao
Carlos for cooperation during data collection, including Alexandre
Peressin, Fernanda Teshima, Rodrigo Almeida and Bruno Mello. We also
thank Daniel Dembkowski for helpful reviews of the manuscript. This
study is part of the project 'Estudo da Integridade Fisica e Biotica de
riachos das cabeceiras que cruzam a Mata Atlantica Sul de Sao Paulo'
funded by the Sao Paulo Research Foundation, FAPESP (process #
2009/53056-8). B. B. Cruz received a master's scholarship from
Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, CAPES.
NR 46
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 28
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 4
BP 607
EP 616
DI 10.1111/eff.12065
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 263CC
UT WOS:000327783200011
ER
PT J
AU Walker, RH
Kluender, ER
Inebnit, TE
Adams, SR
AF Walker, Richard H.
Kluender, Edward R.
Inebnit, Tommy E.
Adams, S. Reid
TI Differences in diet and feeding ecology of similar-sized spotted
(Lepisosteus oculatus) and shortnose (Lepisosteus platostomus) gars
during flooding of a south-eastern US river
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE resource partitioning; energy subsidy; river-floodplain; Lepisosteus
oculatus; Lepisosteus platostomus
ID FISH ASSEMBLAGES; BODY CONDITION; NICHE OVERLAP; FOOD; TERRESTRIAL;
COMMUNITIES; PATTERNS; STREAM; CONNECTIVITY; FLOODPLAIN
AB Connection events between rivers and their adjacent floodplains can alter availability of resources. Riverine fishes opportunistically exploit seasonally available resources during periods of high water. Gars are known to utilize floodplain habitats throughout different life stages for spawning and feeding. Food habits of gars have been the focus of many studies; however, less is known regarding the partitioning of food resources between syntopic species overlapping in body size. Further, little information exists on food resources of shortnose gar, Lepisosteus platostomus. We report results of diet analysis of spotted, Lepisosteus oculatus, and shortnose gar from the Fourche LaFave River in central Arkansas. Stomachs were examined from 74 adult spotted gar (46-81cm TL) and 91 adult shortnose gar (49-76cm TL) collected between May and July 2007 during flooding. Forty-seven (64%) spotted and 54 (59%) shortnose gar contained identifiable prey items. Spotted and shortnose gars had low diet overlap (33.0%), indicating these two species partition food resources. Considering percent composition by weight (%Cw), spotted and shortnose gar appear to partition available food resources during summer flooding. Percent composition by weight of fishes and crustaceans was significantly greater in the diet of spotted gar than shortnose gar (Table2). Shortnose gar had significantly greater %Cw of amphibians and terrestrial invertebrates compared to spotted gar. It is likely that the seasonal and consistent annual availability of terrestrial subsidies to the system holds a unique importance for the shortnose gar population.
C1 [Walker, Richard H.; Kluender, Edward R.; Adams, S. Reid] Univ Cent Arkansas, Dept Biol, Conway, AR 72035 USA.
[Inebnit, Tommy E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conway Field Off, Conway, AR 72032 USA.
RP Adams, SR (reprint author), Univ Cent Arkansas, Dept Biol, 201 Donaghey Ave, Conway, AR 72035 USA.
EM radams@uca.edu
NR 49
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 4
BP 617
EP 625
DI 10.1111/eff.12066
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 263CC
UT WOS:000327783200012
ER
PT J
AU Engelhart, SE
Horton, BP
Nelson, AR
Hawkes, AD
Witter, RC
Wang, K
Wang, PL
Vane, CH
AF Engelhart, S. E.
Horton, B. P.
Nelson, A. R.
Hawkes, A. D.
Witter, R. C.
Wang, K.
Wang, P. -L.
Vane, C. H.
TI Testing the use of microfossils to reconstruct great earthquakes at
Cascadia
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN COASTAL OREGON; RELATIVE SEA-LEVEL; SUBDUCTION ZONE; COSEISMIC
SUBSIDENCE; NORTH-AMERICA; WEST-COAST; HOLOCENE; FORAMINIFERA;
WASHINGTON; INDICATORS
AB Coastal stratigraphy from the Pacific Northwest of the United States contains evidence of sudden subsidence during ruptures of the Cascadia subduction zone. Transfer functions (empirical relationships between assemblages and elevation) can convert microfossil data into coastal subsidence estimates. Coseismic deformation models use the subsidence values to constrain earthquake magnitudes. To test the response of foraminifera, the accuracy of the transfer function method, and the presence of a pre-seismic signal, we simulated a great earthquake near Coos Bay, Oregon, by transplanting a bed of modern high salt-marsh sediment into the tidal flat, an elevation change that mimics a coseismic subsidence of 0.64 m. The transplanted bed was quickly buried by mud; after 12 mo and 5 yr, we sampled it for foraminifera. Reconstruction of the simulated coseismic subsidence using our transfer function was 0.61 m, nearly identical to the actual elevation change. Our transplant experiment, and additional analyses spanning the A. D. 1700 earthquake contact at the nearby Coquille River 15 km to the south, show that sediment mixing may explain assemblage changes previously interpreted as evidence of pre-seismic land-level change in Cascadia and elsewhere.
C1 [Engelhart, S. E.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Geosci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Horton, B. P.] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Nelson, A. R.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Hawkes, A. D.] Univ N Carolina, Geog & Geol Dept, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
[Witter, R. C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Wang, K.] Geol Survey Canada, Pacific Geosci Ctr, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
[Wang, P. -L.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Geosci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
[Vane, C. H.] British Geol Survey, Ctr Environm Sci, Nottingham NG12 5GG, England.
RP Engelhart, SE (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Geosci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
EM bphorton@marine.rutgers.edu
RI Vane, Christopher/A-8814-2008;
OI Vane, Christopher/0000-0002-8150-3640; WANG,
PEI-LING/0000-0002-4392-3935; Engelhart, Simon/0000-0002-4431-4664
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-0842728]; Earthquake Hazards
Program of the U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grant
EAR-0842728 and by the Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological
Survey. This paper is a contribution to IGCP (UN International
Geoscience Programme) Project 588. We thank South Slough National
Estuarine Research Reserve and Bandon Marsh National Wildlife Refuge for
land access. We thank Ian Shennan, Eileen Hemphill-Haley, the editor,
and two anonymous reviewers for comments that improved this manuscript,
and Craig Cornu for surface elevation table data.
NR 28
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 24
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 10
BP 1067
EP 1070
DI 10.1130/G34544.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 257NJ
UT WOS:000327391200007
ER
PT J
AU Aleinikoff, JN
Southworth, S
Merschat, AJ
AF Aleinikoff, John N.
Southworth, Scott
Merschat, Arthur J.
TI Implications for late Grenvillian (Rigolet phase) construction of
Rodinia using new U-Pb data from the Mars Hill terrane, Tennessee and
North Carolina, United States
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN BASEMENT; WHOLE-ROCK PB; BLUE-RIDGE; TECTONIC
HISTORY; GEOCHRONOLOGY; EVOLUTION; GEOCHEMISTRY; CONSTRAINTS; LAURENTIA;
HIGHLANDS
AB New data for zircon (external morphology, cathodoluminescence zoning, and sensitive high resolution ion microprobe [SHRIMP] U-Pb ages) from the Carvers Gap granulite gneiss of the Mars Hill terrane (Tennessee and North Carolina, United States) require reevaluation of interpretations of the age and origin of this rock. The new results indicate that the zircon is detrital and that the sedimentary protolith of this gneiss (and related Cloudland gneiss) was deposited no earlier than ca. 1.02 Ga and was metamorphosed at ca. 0.98 Ga. Tectonic models that included the gneiss as a piece of 1.8 Ga Amazonian crust (perhaps as part of the hypothetical Columbia supercontinent) are now untenable. The remarkably fast cycle of exhumation, erosion, deposition, and deep burial also is characteristic of other late Grenvillian (post-Ottawan) Mesoproterozoic paragneisses that occur throughout the Appalachians. These rocks provide new evidence for the duration of the formation of the Rodinia supercontinent lasting until at least 0.98 Ma.
C1 [Aleinikoff, John N.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Southworth, Scott; Merschat, Arthur J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Aleinikoff, JN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 963, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 10
BP 1087
EP 1090
DI 10.1130/G34779.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 257NJ
UT WOS:000327391200012
ER
PT J
AU Rinella, DJ
Wipfli, MS
Walker, CM
Stricker, CA
Heintz, RA
AF Rinella, Daniel J.
Wipfli, Mark S.
Walker, Coowe M.
Stricker, Craig A.
Heintz, Ron A.
TI Seasonal persistence of marine-derived nutrients in south-central
Alaskan salmon streams
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; aquatic macroinvertebrate; Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma);
fatty acid; horsetail (Equisetum fluviatile); Kenai Peninsula;
marine-derived nutrients; seasonal persistence; stable isotopes
ID RIPARIAN FOREST GROWTH; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; PACIFIC SALMON;
SOCKEYE-SALMON; FRESH-WATER; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; COMMUNITY DYNAMICS;
ONCORHYNCHUS SPP.; STABLE-ISOTOPES; SPAWNING SALMON
AB Spawning salmon deliver annual pulses of marine-derived nutrients (MDN) to riverine ecosystems around the Pacific Rim leading to increased growth and condition in aquatic and riparian biota. The influence of pulsed resources may last for extended periods of time when recipient food webs have effective storage mechanisms yet few studies have tracked the seasonal persistence of MDN. With this as our goal we sampled stream water chemistry and selected stream and riparian biota spring through fall at 18 stations (in six watersheds) that vary widely in spawner abundance and at nine stations (in three watersheds) where salmon runs were blocked by waterfalls. We then developed regression models that related dissolved nutrient concentrations and biochemical measures of MDN assimilation to localized spawner density across these 27 stations. Stream water ammonium-N and orthophosphate-P concentrations increased with spawner density during the summer salmon runs but responses did not persist into the following fall. The effect of spawner density on delta N-15 in generalist macroinvertebrates and three independent MDN metrics (delta N-15 delta S-34 and omega 3:omega 6 fatty acids) in juvenile Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) was positive and similar during each season indicating that MDN levels in biota increased with spawner abundance and were maintained for at least nine months after inputs. Delta N-15 in a riparian plant horsetail (Equisetum fluviatile) and scraper macroinvertebrates did not vary with spawner density in any season suggesting a lack of MDN assimilation by these lower trophic levels. Our results demonstrate the ready assimilation of MDN by generalist consumers and the persistence of this pulsed subsidy in these organisms through the winter and into the next growing season.
C1 [Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Environm & Nat Resources Inst, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Walker, Coowe M.] Kachemak Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
[Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Heintz, Ron A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Rinella, DJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Nat Heritage Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM djrinella@alaska.edu
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustees Council
FX This work was funded by the Gulf Ecosystem Monitoring program, Exxon
Valdez Oil Spill Trustees Council. Steve Baird, Ori Badajos, Megan
Murphy, and Matt Rogers gave invaluable help in the field. Cayce
Gulbransen conducted the stable isotope analyses. Thanks to Matt
Rinella, Brandt Meixell, and Jacek Maselko for input on statistical
analyses and to Ted Otis, Nicky Szarzi, and David Westerman for help
with ADF&G spawner counts. The U.S. Forest Service Forest Health and the
Kachemak Bay Research Reserve provided laboratory and bunkhouse space in
Cooper Landing and Homer, respectively. Thanks to Jeff Falke and two
anonymous reviewers for constructive edits and comments. The use of any
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This work was conducted
under the University of Alaska Fairbanks IACUC protocol number 06-04.
NR 95
TC 12
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U1 4
U2 42
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 10
AR UNSP 122
DI 10.1890/ES13-00112.1
PG 18
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 257JT
UT WOS:000327380400005
ER
PT J
AU Kerr, PC
Donahue, AS
Westerink, JJ
Luettich, RA
Zheng, LY
Weisberg, RH
Huang, Y
Wang, HV
Teng, Y
Forrest, DR
Roland, A
Haase, AT
Kramer, AW
Taylor, AA
Rhome, JR
Feyen, JC
Signell, RP
Hanson, JL
Hope, ME
Estes, RM
Dominguez, RA
Dunbar, RP
Semeraro, LN
Westerink, HJ
Kennedy, AB
Smith, JM
Powell, MD
Cardone, VJ
Cox, AT
AF Kerr, P. C.
Donahue, A. S.
Westerink, J. J.
Luettich, R. A., Jr.
Zheng, L. Y.
Weisberg, R. H.
Huang, Y.
Wang, H. V.
Teng, Y.
Forrest, D. R.
Roland, A.
Haase, A. T.
Kramer, A. W.
Taylor, A. A.
Rhome, J. R.
Feyen, J. C.
Signell, R. P.
Hanson, J. L.
Hope, M. E.
Estes, R. M.
Dominguez, R. A.
Dunbar, R. P.
Semeraro, L. N.
Westerink, H. J.
Kennedy, A. B.
Smith, J. M.
Powell, M. D.
Cardone, V. J.
Cox, A. T.
TI US IOOS coastal and ocean modeling testbed: Inter-model evaluation of
tides, waves, and hurricane surge in the Gulf of Mexico
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Review
DE storm surge; tides; waves; testbed; hurricane; inundation
ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; SURFACE WIND FIELDS;
STORM-SURGE; NUMERICAL COMPUTATIONS; UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS; SOUTHERN
LOUISIANA; BOTTOM STRESS; FINITE-VOLUME; TAMPA BAY
AB A Gulf of Mexico performance evaluation and comparison of coastal circulation and wave models was executed through harmonic analyses of tidal simulations, hindcasts of Hurricane Ike (2008) and Rita (2005), and a benchmarking study. Three unstructured coastal circulation models (ADCIRC, FVCOM, and SELFE) validated with similar skill on a new common Gulf scale mesh (ULLR) with identical frictional parameterization and forcing for the tidal validation and hurricane hindcasts. Coupled circulation and wave models, SWAN+ADCIRC and WWMII+SELFE, along with FVCOM loosely coupled with SWAN, also validated with similar skill. NOAA's official operational forecast storm surge model (SLOSH) was implemented on local and Gulf scale meshes with the same wind stress and pressure forcing used by the unstructured models for hindcasts of Ike and Rita. SLOSH's local meshes failed to capture regional processes such as Ike's forerunner and the results from the Gulf scale mesh further suggest shortcomings may be due to a combination of poor mesh resolution, missing internal physics such as tides and nonlinear advection, and SLOSH's internal frictional parameterization. In addition, these models were benchmarked to assess and compare execution speed and scalability for a prototypical operational simulation. It was apparent that a higher number of computational cores are needed for the unstructured models to meet similar operational implementation requirements to SLOSH, and that some of them could benefit from improved parallelization and faster execution speed.
C1 [Kerr, P. C.; Donahue, A. S.; Westerink, J. J.; Hope, M. E.; Estes, R. M.; Dominguez, R. A.; Dunbar, R. P.; Semeraro, L. N.; Westerink, H. J.; Kennedy, A. B.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, South Bend, IN 46556 USA.
[Luettich, R. A., Jr.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Zheng, L. Y.; Weisberg, R. H.; Huang, Y.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Wang, H. V.; Teng, Y.; Forrest, D. R.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Williamsburg, VA USA.
[Roland, A.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Hydraul & Water Resources Engn, Darmstadt, Germany.
[Haase, A. T.; Kramer, A. W.; Taylor, A. A.] NOAA, Meteorol Dev Lab, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Rhome, J. R.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Miami, FL USA.
[Feyen, J. C.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Signell, R. P.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Res Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Hanson, J. L.] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA.
[Smith, J. M.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA.
[Powell, M. D.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Labs, Hurricane Res Div, Tallahassee, FL USA.
[Cardone, V. J.; Cox, A. T.] Ocean Weather Inc, New Canaan, CT USA.
RP Kerr, PC (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, South Bend, IN 46556 USA.
EM PCorbittKerr@gmail.com
RI Kennedy, Andrew/E-4746-2011; Powell, Mark/I-4963-2013;
OI Kennedy, Andrew/0000-0002-7254-1346; Powell, Mark/0000-0002-4890-8945;
Donahue, Aaron/0000-0002-4710-753X; Signell, Richard/0000-0003-0682-9613
FU NOAA via the U.S. IOOS Office [NA10NOS0120063, NA11NOS0120141]; National
Science Foundation [OCI-1053575]
FX This project was supported by NOAA via the U.S. IOOS Office (award:
NA10NOS0120063 and NA11NOS0120141) and was managed by the Southeastern
Universities Research Association. In addition, this work used the
Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is
supported by National Science Foundation grant OCI-1053575.
NR 104
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 7
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 5129
EP 5172
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20376
PG 44
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 257JQ
UT WOS:000327380100026
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, N
Voulgaris, G
List, JH
Warner, JC
AF Kumar, Nirnimesh
Voulgaris, George
List, Jeffrey H.
Warner, John C.
TI Alongshore momentum balance analysis on a cuspate foreland
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE vortex force; advective acceleration; Diamond Shoals; subtidal flows;
breaking acceleration; curved coastline
ID OCEAN DYNAMICS EXPERIMENT; INNER-SHELF CIRCULATION; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; MODEL; WAVE; VARIABILITY; COASTLINE; NEARSHORE;
SPECTRA
AB Nearshore measurements of waves and currents off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, U.S.A, are used to investigate depth-averaged subtidal circulation and alongshore momentum balances in the surf and inner shelf region around a cuspate foreland. Data were collected on both sides of the cape representing shorefaces with contrasting shoreline orientation (north-south vs. northwest-southeast) subjected to the same wind forcing. In the nearshore, the subtidal flow is aligned with the local coastline orientation while at the cape point the flow is along the existing submerged shoal, suggesting that cape associated shoals may act as an extension of the coastline. Alongshore momentum balance analysis incorporating wave-current interaction by including vortex and Stokes-Coriolis forces reveals that in deep waters surface and bottom stress are almost in balance. In shallower waters, the balance is complex as nonlinear advection and vortex force become important. Furthermore, linearized momentum balance analysis suggests that the vortex force can be of the same order as wind and wave forcing. Farther southwest of Cape Hatteras point, wind and wave forcing alone fail to fully explain subtidal flow variability and it is shown that alongshore pressure gradient as a response to the wind forcing can close the momentum balance. Adjacent tide gauge data suggest that the magnitude of pressure gradient depends on the relative orientation of local coastline to the wind vector, and in a depth-averaged sense the pressure gradient generation due to change in coastline orientation even at km length scale is analogous to the effect of alongshore variable winds on a straight coastline.
C1 [Kumar, Nirnimesh; Voulgaris, George] Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Marine Sci Program, Coll Arts & Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[List, Jeffrey H.; Warner, John C.] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Kumar, N (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Marine Sci Program, Coll Arts & Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM nkumar@geol.sc.edu
RI Voulgaris, George/A-7593-2014
OI Voulgaris, George/0000-0002-0667-8870
FU Carolinas Coastal Processes Project; US Geological Survey; National
Science Foundation [OCE-1132130]
FX The experimental work was funded by the Carolinas Coastal Processes
Project, a cooperative study supported by the US Geological Survey. We
thank U.S. Geological Survey personnel J. Borden, B. Armstrong, and M.
Martini, involved in deployment of in situ acoustic sensors and
postprocessing of data. Additional support during data analysis and
preparation of this manuscript was provided by the National Science
Foundation (award: OCE-1132130). N.K. also thanks Falk Feddersen and
three anonymous reviewers for comments and suggestions, which
substantially improved the manuscript.
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 5280
EP 5295
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20358
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 257JQ
UT WOS:000327380100034
ER
PT J
AU Grifoll, M
Aretxabaleta, AL
Pelegri, JL
Espino, M
Warner, JC
Sanchez-Arcilla, A
AF Grifoll, Manel
Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.
Pelegri, Josep L.
Espino, Manuel
Warner, John C.
Sanchez-Arcilla, Agustin
TI Seasonal circulation over the Catalan inner-shelf (northwest
Mediterranean Sea)
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE momentum balance; Catalan shelf; hydrodynamic modeling; seasonal
variability
ID CONTINENTAL-SHELF; MODEL; WIND; MOMENTUM; CURRENTS; SLOPE; TEMPERATURE;
DRIVEN; GULF; PERFORMANCE
AB This study characterizes the seasonal cycle of the Catalan inner-shelf circulation using observations and complementary numerical results. The relation between seasonal circulation and forcing mechanisms is explored through the depth-averaged momentum balance, for the period between May 2010 and April 2011, when velocity observations were partially available. The monthly-mean along-shelf flow is mainly controlled by the along-shelf pressure gradient and by surface and bottom stresses. During summer, fall, and winter, the along-shelf momentum balance is dominated by the barotropic pressure gradient and local winds. During spring, both wind stress and pressure gradient act in the same direction and are compensated by bottom stress. In the cross-shelf direction the dominant forces are in geostrophic balance, consistent with dynamic altimetry data.
C1 [Grifoll, Manel; Espino, Manuel; Sanchez-Arcilla, Agustin] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Lab Engn Maritima LIM, ES-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
[Grifoll, Manel; Espino, Manuel; Sanchez-Arcilla, Agustin] CIIRC, Barcelona, Spain.
[Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.; Warner, John C.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Pelegri, Josep L.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
RP Grifoll, M (reprint author), Univ Politecn Cataluna, Lab Engn Maritima LIM, Campus Nord,C Jordi Girona 1-3, ES-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
EM manel.grifoll@upc.edu
RI Espino, Manuel/L-1990-2014; Pelegri, Josep/L-5815-2014;
OI Pelegri, Josep/0000-0003-0661-2190; Aretxabaleta,
Alfredo/0000-0002-9914-8018; Grifoll, Manel/0000-0003-4260-6732
FU European Community [242284]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Neil Ganju (USGS, Woods Hole),
Thomas Connolly (WHOI, Woods Hole), and Steve Lentz (WHOI, Woods Hole)
for their comments and suggestions. The manuscript was also improved due
to the suggestions of two anonymous reviewers. The research leading to
these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh
Framework Programme (FP7/2007/2013) under grant agreement 242284
(Field_ac project). The authors also want to acknowledge the MAR2 (Mar Y
Medio Ambiente Marino, MARYAM 2013), COVARIANCE (CTM-2010-19709), and
Neptune (Neptune/-EIT/KIC InnoEnergy) projects.
NR 46
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 5844
EP 5857
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20403
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 257JQ
UT WOS:000327380100069
ER
PT J
AU Oh, NH
Pellerin, BA
Bachand, PAM
Hernes, PJ
Bachand, SM
Ohara, N
Kavvas, ML
Bergamaschi, BA
Horwath, WR
AF Oh, Neung-Hwan
Pellerin, Brian A.
Bachand, Philip A. M.
Hernes, Peter. J.
Bachand, Sandra M.
Ohara, Noriaki
Kavvas, M. Levent
Bergamaschi, Brian A.
Horwath, William R.
TI The role of irrigation runoff and winter rainfall on dissolved organic
carbon loads in an agricultural watershed
SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE DOC; Agriculture; Watershed; Flood irrigation
ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER; LAND-USE; MATTER; SACRAMENTO; STREAMS; EXPORT;
CALIFORNIA; DELTA; PRECURSORS; ILLINOIS
AB We investigated the role of land use/land cover and agriculture practices on stream dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics in the Willow Slough watershed (WSW) from 2006 to 2008. The 415 km(2) watershed in the northern Central Valley, California is covered by 31% of native vegetation and the remaining 69% of agricultural fields (primarily alfalfa, tomatoes, and rice). Stream discharge and weekly DOC concentrations were measured at eight nested subwatersheds to estimate the DOC loads and yields (loads/area) using the USGS developed stream load estimation model, LOADEST. Stream DOC concentrations peaked at 18.9 mg L-1 during summer irrigation in the subwatershed with the highest percentage of agricultural land use, demonstrating the strong influence of agricultural activities on summer DOC dynamics. These high concentrations contributed to DOC yields increasing up to 1.29 g m(-2) during the 6 month period of intensive agricultural activity. The high DOC yields from the most agricultural subwatershed during the summer irrigation period was similar throughout the study, suggesting that summer DOC loads from irrigation runoff would not change significantly in the absence of major changes in crops or irrigation practices. In contrast, annual DOC yields varied from 0.89 to 1.68 g m(-2) yr(-1) for the most agricultural watershed due to differences in winter precipitation. This suggests that variability in the annual DOC yields will be largely determined by the winter precipitation, which can vary significantly from year to year. Changes in precipitation patterns and intensities as well as agricultural practices have potential to considerably alter the DOC dynamics. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Oh, Neung-Hwan] Seoul Natl Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Environm Planning Dept, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
[Pellerin, Brian A.; Bachand, Sandra M.; Bergamaschi, Brian A.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Bachand, Philip A. M.] Bachand & Associates, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Hernes, Peter. J.; Horwath, William R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Ohara, Noriaki] Univ Wyoming, Dept Civil & Architectural Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Kavvas, M. Levent] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Oh, NH (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Environm Planning Dept, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
EM ultisol@gmail.com
OI Bergamaschi, Brian/0000-0002-9610-5581
FU California Bay Delta Authority Drinking Water Program; Research
Settlement Fund for the new faculty of SNU
FX We thank JohnFranco Saraceno, Jeanette Wrysinski, Frank Anderson for
sample collection and Kathryn Crepeau, Will Kerlin, and Cathleen Roush
for lab analyses. We also thank Tamara Kraus and two anonymous reviewers
for comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This work was
funded by a grant from the California Bay Delta Authority Drinking Water
Program and partial support to N.-H. Oh from Research Settlement Fund
for the new faculty of SNU.
NR 38
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 5
U2 58
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8809
EI 1873-2305
J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON
JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 179
BP 1
EP 10
DI 10.1016/j.agee.2013.07.004
PG 10
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 248AW
UT WOS:000326667100001
ER
PT J
AU Benson, K
Schlachter, S
Estrada, T
Taufer, M
Lawrence, J
Cochran, E
AF Benson, K.
Schlachter, S.
Estrada, T.
Taufer, M.
Lawrence, J.
Cochran, E.
TI On the powerful use of simulations in the Quake-Catcher Network to
efficiently position low-cost earthquake sensors
SO FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ESCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Discrete event simulation; Volunteer computing; Desktop grid; EmBOINC
AB The Quake-Catcher Network (QCN) represents a paradigm shift in seismic networks by involving the general public in the collection, detection, and recognition of seismic events. The QCN uses low-cost sensors connected to volunteer computers across the world to monitor seismic events. The location and density of these sensors can impact the accuracy of event detection. Testing different arrangements of new sensors could disrupt the currently active project; thus such an experiment is best accomplished in a simulated environment.
This paper presents an accurate and efficient framework for simulating low-cost QCN sensors and identifying their most effective locations and densities. To build the framework, we extend EmBOINC, an emulator of Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) projects, to handle the trickle messages generated by sensors connected to volunteer hosts and sent to the QCN server when strong ground motion is detected. EmBOINC allows us to rigorously study QCN simulations at 100,000 or even 1,000,000 sensors, highlight strengths and weaknesses of different sensor density and placement, and test the network with various parameters, conditions, and earthquake scenarios. Results obtained with EmBOINC and presented in this paper show how our simulations can reliably study diverse sensor densities and seismic scenarios under different geographical and infrastructural constraints. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Benson, K.; Schlachter, S.; Estrada, T.; Taufer, M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Lawrence, J.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Cochran, E.] US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
RP Taufer, M (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM kbenson@udel.edu; saschlac@udel.edu; estrada@udel.edu; taufer@acm.org;
jflawrence@stanford.edu; escochran@gmail.com
FU NSF [1027807]; Collaborative Research: CDI-Type II: From Data to
Knowledge: The Quake-Catcher Network
FX This work is supported by the NSF, grant # 1027807 "Collaborative
Research: CDI-Type II: From Data to Knowledge: The Quake-Catcher
Network". The authors thank all the volunteers whose CPU time
contributions make the QCN project possible.
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-739X
EI 1872-7115
J9 FUTURE GENER COMP SY
JI Futur. Gener. Comp. Syst.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 8
BP 2128
EP 2142
DI 10.1016/j.future.2013.04.012
PG 15
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 247JJ
UT WOS:000326613400023
ER
PT J
AU Pommerol, A
Thomas, N
Jost, B
Beck, P
Okubo, C
McEwen, AS
AF Pommerol, A.
Thomas, N.
Jost, B.
Beck, P.
Okubo, C.
McEwen, A. S.
TI Photometric properties of Mars soils analogs
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
DE Photometry; Mars; Soils; Analogs
ID PLANETARY REGOLITH ANALOGS; BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; SURFACE
REFLECTANCE; LIGHT-SCATTERING; LANDING SITE; MODEL; PARTICLES; SAMPLES;
ALBEDO; ICE
AB We have measured the bidirectional reflectance of analogs of dry, wet, and frozen Martian soils over a wide range of phase angles in the visible spectral range. All samples were produced from two geologic samples: the standard JSC Mars-1 soil simulant and Hawaiian basaltic sand. In a first step, experiments were conducted with the dry samples to investigate the effects of surface texture. Comparisons with results independently obtained by different teams with similar samples showed a satisfying reproducibility of the photometric measurements as well as a noticeable influence of surface textures resulting from different sample preparation procedures. In a second step, water was introduced to produce wet and frozen samples and their photometry investigated. Optical microscope images of the samples provided information about their microtexture. Liquid water, even in relatively low amount, resulted in the disappearance of the backscattering peak and the appearance of a forward-scattering peak whose intensity increases with the amount of water. Specular reflections only appeared when water was present in an amount large enough to allow water to form a film at the surface of the sample. Icy samples showed a wide variability of photometric properties depending on the physical properties of the water ice. We discuss the implications of these measurements in terms of the expected photometric behavior of the Martian surface, from equatorial to circum-polar regions. In particular, we propose some simple photometric criteria to improve the identification of wet and/or icy soils from multiple observations under different geometries.
C1 [Pommerol, A.; Thomas, N.; Jost, B.] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Beck, P.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Inst Planetol & Astrophys Grenoble, UMR 5274, Grenoble, France.
[Okubo, C.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Res Ctr Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[McEwen, A. S.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Pommerol, A (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Sidlerstr 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
EM antoine.pommerol@space.unibe.ch
RI Beck, Pierre/F-3149-2011
FU University of Bern [206021_133827]; Swiss National Science Foundation
(SNSF) [206021_133827]
FX The construction and operation of the PHIRE-2 instrument were funded
equally by the University of Bern and the Swiss National Science
Foundation (SNSF project # 206021_133827). We thank M. Vincendon and J.
R. Johnson for insightful and constructive reviews.
NR 67
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 2045
EP 2072
DI 10.1002/jgre.20158
PG 28
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 252RJ
UT WOS:000327026900008
ER
PT J
AU Strauss, JV
Macdonald, FA
Taylor, JF
Repetski, JE
McClelland, WC
AF Strauss, Justin V.
Macdonald, Francis A.
Taylor, John F.
Repetski, John E.
McClelland, William C.
TI Laurentian origin for the North Slope of Alaska: Implications for the
tectonic evolution of the Arctic
SO LITHOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID DETRITAL ZIRCON GEOCHRONOLOGY; CENTRAL BROOKS RANGE; CANADA;
PALEOGEOGRAPHY; PROVENANCE; TERRANE; MARGIN; RECONSTRUCTIONS;
CORDILLERA; GREENLAND
AB The composite Arctic Alaska-Chukotka terrane plays a central role in tectonic reconstructions of the Arctic. An exotic, non-Laurentian origin of Arctic Alaska-Chukotka has been proposed based on paleobiogeographic faunal affinities and various geochronological constraints from the southwestern portions of the terrane. Here, we report early Paleozoic trilobite and conodont taxa that support a Laurentian origin for the North Slope subterrane of Arctic Alaska, as well as new Neoproterozoic-Cambrian detrital zircon geochronological data, which are both consistent with a Laurentian origin and profoundly different from those derived from similar-aged strata in the southwestern subterranes of Arctic Alaska-Chukotka. The North Slope subterrane is accordingly interpreted as allochthonous with respect to northwestern Laurentia, but it most likely originated farther east along the Canadian Arctic or Atlantic margins. These data demonstrate that construction of the composite Arctic Alaska-Chukotka terrane resulted from juxtaposition of the exotic southwestern fragments of the terrane against the northern margin of Laurentia during protracted Devonian(?)-Carboniferous tectonism.
C1 [Strauss, Justin V.; Macdonald, Francis A.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Taylor, John F.] Indiana Univ Penn, Dept Geosci, Indiana, PA 15705 USA.
[Repetski, John E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[McClelland, William C.] Univ Iowa, Dept Geosci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Strauss, JV (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR-1049463, EAR-1049368,
EAR-1032156]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship
FX National Science Foundation (NSF) grants EAR-1049463 (FAM), EAR-1049368
(WCM), EAR-1032156 (AZ Laserchron Facility), and a NSF Graduate Research
Fellowship awarded to Strauss supported this research. E. Kennedy, T.
Gibson, and A. Gould aided with field work, and A. Breus, W. Ward, S.
Malone, T. Barker, and M. Pecha provided laboratory assistance. Polar
Field Services, K. Sweetsir of Yukon Air Service, C. Cabanilla (RIP) of
ERA Helicopters, and A. M. de la Rosa of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife
Service were instrumental in providing access to our field area in the
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. We would like to thank J. Amato, D.
Bradley, E. Miller, and A. Weil for constructive reviews.
NR 38
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 4
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1941-8264
EI 1947-4253
J9 LITHOSPHERE-US
JI Lithosphere
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 5
BP 477
EP 482
DI 10.1130/L284.1
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
GA 251MV
UT WOS:000326934200002
ER
PT J
AU Coates, AG
Stallard, RF
AF Coates, Anthony G.
Stallard, Robert F.
TI HOW OLD IS THE ISTHMUS OF PANAMA?
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL-AMERICAN SEAWAY; FRESH-WATER FISHES; SOUTH-AMERICA; FAUNAL
TURNOVER; BIOGEOGRAPHY; EVOLUTION; PACIFIC; NEOGENE; DISPERSAL;
ARCHIPELAGO
AB The Standard Model of the formation of the Isthmus of Panama proposes that final closure occurred at 4-3 Ma. The model is based on evidence from studies of marine stratigraphy, fossil sequences, divergent molecular phylogenies, the timing of the Great American Biological Interchange (GABI), and proxies for marine paleosalinity, paleobathymetry, productivity, and paleotemperatures. The New Model uses cooling of magmas in the Cretaceous to Early Miocene Central American Volcanic Arc to propose Eocene emergence of the discrete structural blocks of the Arc and then U/Pb dating, paleomagnetic pole rotations, and Atlantic sea-floor anomalies to reconfigure the blocks for different time slices back to 25 Ma. Closure is proposed at 15 Ma, because by this time the alignment of the blocks leaves no space for trans-isthmian marine passages. We propose that the Indonesian Australian Archipelago (IAA) provides a model for the Central American Arc between 15 and 3 Ma because it accounts for the extensive marine interchange between the Pacific and Indian oceans through few and narrow passages while maintaining a complete separation of the terrestrial faunas (Wallace and Lydekker lines) of the two continental platforms of Sunda and Sahul. Using the Indonesian Volcanic Arc as a model, we can now accommodate the general tectonic configuration and much of the emergence of the New Model, while accounting for the marine fossil record, the molecular evidence of rapid recent speciation, and the delayed Great American Biotic Interchange that the New Model fails to explain.
C1 [Coates, Anthony G.; Stallard, Robert F.] STRI, Unit 9100, Dpo, AA 34002 USA.
[Stallard, Robert F.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Coates, AG (reprint author), STRI, Unit 9100, Box 0948, Dpo, AA 34002 USA.
EM CoatesAG@si.edu
RI Stallard, Robert/H-2649-2013
OI Stallard, Robert/0000-0001-8209-7608
NR 69
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 8
U2 68
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
EI 1553-6955
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 89
IS 4
BP 801
EP 813
DI 10.5343/bms.2012.1076
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 246RD
UT WOS:000326555900004
ER
PT J
AU Henley, RW
Berger, BR
AF Henley, R. W.
Berger, B. R.
TI Nature's refineries - Metals and metalloids in arc volcanoes
SO EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Magmatic gas; Porphyry copper; Gold; Fumarole; Plume
ID PORPHYRY COPPER-DEPOSITS; PLATINUM-GROUP ELEMENTS; ERUPTION TIME-SERIES;
KAWAH-IJEN VOLCANO; NEW-SOUTH-WALES; NEW-ZEALAND; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS;
CRATER LAKE; KUDRYAVY VOLCANO; BINGHAM-CANYON
AB Chemical data for fumaroles and for atmospheric gas and ash plumes from active arc volcanoes provide glimpses of the rates of release of metal and metalloids, such as Tl and Cd, from shallow and mid-crust magmas. Data from copper deposits formed in ancient volcanoes at depths of up to about 1500 m in the fractures below paleo-fumaroles, and at around 2000-4000 m in association with sub-volcanic intrusions (porphyry copper deposits) provide evidence of sub-surface deposition of Cu-Au-Ag-Mo and a range of other minor elements including Te, Se, As and Sb. These deposits, or 'sinks', of metals consistently record sustained histories of magmatic gas streaming through volcanic systems interspersed by continuing intrusive and eruptive activity. Here we integrate data from ancient and modern volcanic systems and show that the fluxes of metals and metalloids are controlled by a) the maintenance of fracture permeability in the stressed crust below volcanoes and b) the chemical processes that are triggered as magmatic gas, initially undersaturated with metals and metalloids, expands from lithostatic to very low pressure conditions through fracture arrays. The recognition of gas streaming may also account for the phenomenon of 'excess degassing', and defines an integral, but generally understated, component of active volcanic systems - a volcanic gas core - that is likely to be integral to the progression of eruptions to Plinean state.
Destabilization of solvated molecular metal and metalloid species in magmatic gas mixtures and changes in their redox state are triggered, as it expands to the surface by abrupt pressure drops, or throttles' in the fracture array that guides expansion to the surface. The electronically harder, low electronegativity metals, such as copper and iron, deposit rapidly in response to expansion followed more slowly by arsenic with antimony as sulfosalts. Heavy, large radius, softer elements such as bismuth, lead, and thallium along with cadmium are strongly fractionated along the way, eventually venting their excess along with SO2, CO2, and other components of the carrier gas, into the atmosphere. These elements, many of which are toxic, may also be dispersed by mixing with groundwater in the permeable crust below volcanoes and generate potential health risks due to Hg, As, and Se contamination of drinking water resources. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Henley, R. W.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Berger, B. R.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr MS 964, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Henley, RW (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
EM r.143.henley@gmail.com
NR 216
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 49
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-8252
EI 1872-6828
J9 EARTH-SCI REV
JI Earth-Sci. Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 125
BP 146
EP 170
DI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.07.007
PG 25
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 247YV
UT WOS:000326661800008
ER
PT J
AU Dieguez, MC
Queimalinos, CP
Guevara, SR
Marvin-DiPasquale, M
Cardenas, CS
Arribere, MA
AF Dieguez, Maria C.
Queimalinos, Claudia P.
Ribeiro Guevara, Sergio
Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark
Soto Cardenas, Carolina
Arribere, Maria A.
TI Influence of dissolved organic matter character on mercury incorporation
by planktonic organisms: An experimental study using oligotrophic water
from Patagonian lakes
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE mercury; dissolved organic matter; plankton; mercury incorporation;
Patagonian lakes; Argentina
ID AQUATIC HUMIC SUBSTANCES; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; NATURAL-WATERS;
OPHRYDIUM-NAUMANNI; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; PHYTOPLANKTON; BINDING;
METHYLMERCURY; ECOSYSTEMS; ARGENTINA
AB Ligands present in dissolved organic matter (DOM) form complexes with inorganic divalent mercury (Hg2+) affecting its bioavailability in pelagic food webs. This investigation addresses the influence of a natural gradient of DOM present in Patagonian lakes on the bioaccumulation of Hg2+ (the prevailing mercury species in the water column of these lakes) by the algae Cryptomonas erosa and the zooplankters Brachionus calyciflorus and Boeckella antiqua. Hg2+ accumulation was studied through laboratory experiments using natural water of four oligotrophic Patagonian lakes amended with(197)Hg(2+). The bioavailability of Hg2+ was affected by the concentration and character of DOM. The entrance of Hg2+ into pelagic food webs occurs mostly through passive and active accumulation. The incorporation of Hg2+ by Cryptomonas, up to 27% of the Hg2+ amended, was found to be rapid and dominated by passive adsorption, and was greatest when low molecular weight compounds with protein-like or small phenolic signatures prevailed in the DOM. Conversely, high molecular weight compounds with a humic or fulvic signature kept Hg2+ in the dissolved phase, resulting in the lowest Hg2+ accumulation in this algae. In Brachionus and Boeckella the direct incorporation of Hg from the aqueous phase was up to 3% of the Hg2+ amended. The dietary incorporation of Hg2+ by Boeckella exceeded the direct absorption of this metal in natural water, and was remarkably similar to the Hg2+ adsorbed in their prey. Overall, DOM concentration and character affected the adsorption of Hg2+ by algae through competitive binding, while the incorporation of Hg2+ into the zooplankton was dominated by trophic or dietary transfer.
C1 [Dieguez, Maria C.; Queimalinos, Claudia P.; Soto Cardenas, Carolina] INIBIOMA CONICET UNComahue, Lab Fotobiol, RA-1250 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
[Ribeiro Guevara, Sergio; Arribere, Maria A.] Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Bariloche, Lab Anal Activac Neutron, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
[Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Dieguez, MC (reprint author), INIBIOMA CONICET UNComahue, Lab Fotobiol, RA-1250 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
EM dieguezmc@gmail.com
FU Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica [ANPCyT PICT
2007-00393]; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas
[CONICET PIP 11220100100064]; International Atomic Energy Agency [IAEA
TCP ARG7007]; Universidad Nacional del Comahue [04-B166]
FX This work was funded by Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y
Tecnologica (ANPCyT PICT 2007-00393), Consejo Nacional de
Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET PIP 11220100100064),
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA TCP ARG7007), and Universidad
Nacional del Comahue (Program 04-B166). We are grateful to CA Gerbig
(Yale University) and J Fleck (US Geological Survey) for their
thoughtful inputs to an early version of this manuscript.
NR 54
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 5
U2 39
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1001-0742
EI 1878-7320
J9 J ENVIRON SCI-CHINA
JI J. Environ. Sci.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 10
BP 1980
EP 1991
DI 10.1016/S1001-0742(12)60281-2
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 252GV
UT WOS:000326994000004
PM 24494484
ER
PT J
AU Hope, AG
Waltari, E
Payer, DC
Cook, JA
Talbot, SL
AF Hope, Andrew G.
Waltari, Eric
Payer, David C.
Cook, Joseph A.
Talbot, Sandra L.
TI Future distribution of tundra refugia in northern Alaska
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; YUKON-TERRITORY; SMALL MAMMALS; ICE AGES;
HISTORY; RESPONSES; EVOLUTIONARY; BIODIVERSITY; SPECIATION; COLONIZATION
AB Climate change in the Arctic is a growing concern for natural resource conservation and management as a result of accelerated warming and associated shifts in the distribution and abundance of northern species. We introduce a predictive framework for assessing the future extent of Arctic tundra and boreal biomes in northern Alaska. We use geo-referenced museum specimens to predict the velocity of distributional change into the next century and compare predicted tundra refugial areas with current land-use. The reliability of predicted distributions, including differences between fundamental and realized niches, for two groups of species is strengthened by fossils and genetic signatures of demographic shifts. Evolutionary responses to environmental change through the late Quaternary are generally consistent with past distribution models. Predicted future refugia overlap managed areas and indicate potential hotspots for tundra diversity. To effectively assess future refugia, variable responses among closely related species to climate change warrants careful consideration of both evolutionary and ecological histories.
C1 [Hope, Andrew G.; Talbot, Sandra L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Waltari, Eric] CUNY, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Payer, David C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arctic Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Cook, Joseph A.] Univ New Mexico, Museum Southwestern Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Cook, Joseph A.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Hope, AG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM ahope@usgs.gov
OI Cook, Joseph/0000-0003-3985-0670
FU National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), National Institutes of
Health (NIH) [RR016466]; US Geological Survey's (USGS) Alaska Regional
Executive DOI on the Landscape initiative; USGS's Changing Arctic
Ecosystems and Science Support initiatives; Wildlife Program of the USGS
Ecosystem Mission Area; National Science Foundation [NSF1258010]
FX Statistical analyses were facilitated by the University of Alaska,
Fairbanks, Life Science Informatics Portal,
http://biotech.inbre.alaska.edu. UAF Life Science Informatics as a core
research resource is supported by Grant Number RR016466 from the
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the
National Institutes of Health (NIH). Support was provided by US
Geological Survey's (USGS) Alaska Regional Executive DOI on the
Landscape initiative, USGS's Changing Arctic Ecosystems and Science
Support initiatives and Wildlife Program of the USGS Ecosystem Mission
Area, and the National Science Foundation (NSF1258010). Mention of trade
names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use.
NR 50
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PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 10
BP 931
EP 938
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE1926
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 249ZE
UT WOS:000326818800022
ER
PT J
AU Bowker, JD
Carty, D
Bowman, MP
AF Bowker, James D.
Carty, Dan
Bowman, Molly P.
TI The Safety of SLICE (0.2% Emamectin Benzoate) Administered in Feed to
Fingerling Rainbow Trout
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ATLANTIC SALMON; SEA LICE; FRESH-WATER;
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; ORAL TREATMENT; KOI CARP; IN-FEED; EFFICACY;
INFESTATIONS
AB SLICE (0.2% emamectin benzoate [EB]) is an in-feed treatment that has been shown to be effective and safe for controlling infestations of several ectoparasitic crustacean copepods and branchiurans in a variety of seawater- and freshwater-reared fishes. Although the safety of EB (in a pre-SLICE formulation) for use with seawater-reared Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss has been demonstrated, the safety of SLICE for freshwater-reared Rainbow Trout has not. Consequently, we conducted a trial to evaluate the safety of SLICE for freshwater-reared Rainbow Trout when administered in feed at a dose of 0 (0x), 50 (1 x the maximum proposed therapeutic dose [1x]), 100 (2x), or 150 (3x) g of EBkg of fish body weight (BW)(-1).d(-1) for 14 d (2 x the proposed 7-d treatment duration). Medicated feed was prepared by top-coating commercially available feed with SLICE. Rainbow Trout fingerlings (mean TL +/- SD = 7.4 +/- 0.7 cm; mean weight +/- SD = 4.4 +/- 1.2 g) were stocked into 57-L flow-through tanks at 20 fish/tank. Diets were randomly assigned to four replicate tanks per treatment; fish in four additional, nontrial tanks were fed control diets and were weighed weekly to calculate the proper feeding quantities. Throughout the trial, water quality was maintained within ranges suitable for Rainbow Trout culture, fish were fed the assigned feeds at 4% BW/d divided equally between three feedings, and fish behavior was characterized as normal. Fish in the 0x, 1x, and 2x exposure groups consumed all of the offered feed at least 92% of the time, whereas fish in the 3x exposure group consumed all of the offered feed 75% of the time. No fish died, and gross and microscopic fish health evaluations revealed no chronic toxicity patterns. Based on these results, we conclude that there is an adequate margin of safety associated with administering SLICE-medicated feed to fingerling Rainbow Trout at the proposed therapeutic treatment regimen of 50 mu g EB.kg fish BW-1.d(-1) for 7 d.
C1 [Bowker, James D.; Carty, Dan; Bowman, Molly P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Bowker, JD (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, 4050 Bridger Canyon Rd, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM jim_bowker@fws.gov
FU Merck Animal Health
FX Merck Animal Health supplied the SLICE for the trial and paid for
analysis of EB in feed samples. Niccole Wandelear (Aquatic Animal Drug
Approval Partnership Program) prepared the medicated feeds and helped to
collect data. Beth MacConnell (Headwaters Fish Pathology, LLC) evaluated
the histology samples. Jennifer Royston was the independent Quality
Assurance Officer. Jesse Trushenski (Southern Illinois University) and
Richard Endris (Merck Animal Health) reviewed the manuscript. Mention of
trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the
purpose of providing specific information and does not imply
recommendation or endorsement by the USFWS.
NR 31
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U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
EI 1548-8454
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 75
IS 4
BP 455
EP 462
DI 10.1080/15222055.2013.806383
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 249MQ
UT WOS:000326781700001
ER
PT J
AU Ingersoll, CG
Brunson, EL
Hardesty, DK
Hughes, JP
King, BL
Phillips, CT
AF Ingersoll, Christopher G.
Brunson, Eric L.
Hardesty, Doug K.
Hughes, Jamie P.
King, Brittany L.
Phillips, Catherine T.
TI Use of Lethal Short-Term Chlorine Exposures to Limit Release of
Nonnative Freshwater Organisms
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID RAINBOW-TROUT; TOXICITY; MUSSELS; FISH; DIOXIDE; DISINFECTION;
UNIONIDAE; AMMONIA; IMPACTS; STREAMS
AB Fish hatcheries and other types of aquatic facilities are potential sources for the introduction of nonnative species of fish or aquatic invertebrates into watersheds. Chlorine has been suggested for use to kill organisms that might be released from the effluent of a facility. While acute LC50s (concentrations lethal to 50% of organisms exposed for up to 96h) for chlorine are available for some species, short-term LC100s for chlorine have not been determined. The objective of this study is to establish concentrations of chlorine that are lethal to 100% of organisms after brief (1-, 5-, or 15-min) exposures. A total of 22 species were exposed to total residual chlorine concentrations (TRC) of 1, 10, or 25mg TRC/L for 1, 5, or 15min under static conditions followed by a 24-h postexposure recovery period in water without the addition of chlorine. Concentrations of chlorine resulting in 100% lethality of organisms were established for all of the species tested except for four species of mollusks or for a beetle. Exposures for 5 to 15min to 10-25mg TRC/L were the lowest combined time-chlorine treatments under which all of the fish tested and the other invertebrates tested (17 species) exhibited 100% lethality by the end of the initial chlorine exposures or after the 24-h recovery period.
C1 [Ingersoll, Christopher G.; Brunson, Eric L.; Hardesty, Doug K.; Hughes, Jamie P.; King, Brittany L.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Phillips, Catherine T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Fish Hatchery & Technol Ctr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
RP Ingersoll, CG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM cingersoll@usgs.gov
NR 25
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
EI 1548-8454
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 75
IS 4
BP 487
EP 494
DI 10.1080/15222055.2013.786008
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 249MQ
UT WOS:000326781700005
ER
PT J
AU Bowker, JD
Carty, D
Bowman, MP
AF Bowker, James D.
Carty, Dan
Bowman, Molly P.
TI The Safety of Aquaflor (50% Florfenicol) Administered in Feed to
Fingerling Yellow Perch
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID SALMO-SALAR L; STREPTOCOCCUS-INIAE; ATLANTIC SALMON; CHANNEL CATFISH;
SUNSHINE BASS; EFFICACY; MORTALITY; FURUNCULOSIS; INFECTION; TOLERANCE
AB Aquaflor is an aquaculture feed premix containing 50% florfenicol and is approved for use in more than 50 countries to control mortality in a variety of cultured fishes caused by diseases associated with infectious bacterial pathogens. As part of an effort to expand the current approval in the United States, we conducted a study to evaluate the safety of Aquaflor to Yellow Perch Perca flavescens when administered in feed at 0 x (0 mg/kg), 1 x (15 mg/kg), 3 x (45 mg/kg), or 5 x (75 mg/kg) the proposed maximum therapeutic treatment dose of 15 mg florfenicol.kg fish(-1).d(-1) for 20 consecutive days, 2 x the proposed therapeutic treatment duration of 10 consecutive days. Fingerling Yellow Perch (7.8 +/- 1.6 cm and 5.0 +/- 3.4 g; mean +/- SD) were stocked into flow-through test tanks at 15 fish per tank, and treatments were randomly assigned to tanks in triplicate. At the end of the 20-d exposure period, mean cumulative mortality in the 0 x and 3 x groups (6.7% for both) was greater than that in the 1 x and 5 x groups (2.2% and 0.0%, respectively); however, differences among the groups were not significant (P = 0.3741). Throughout the study, general fish behavior was characterized as normal, and fish consumed virtually all feed offered. Fish health and histology assessments revealed no signs or lesions associated with toxicity of florfenicol. In conclusion, there is an adequate margin of safety associated with administering Aquaflor-medicated feed to fingerling Yellow Perch at the proposed therapeutic treatment regimen of 15 mg florfenicol.kg fish(-1).d(-1) for 10 d.
C1 [Bowker, James D.; Carty, Dan; Bowman, Molly P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Bowker, JD (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, 4050 Bridger Canyon Rd, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM jim_bowker@fws.gov
FU Merck Animal Health
FX Merck Animal Health supplied the Aquaflor and paid for analysis of feed
samples. Diane Sweeney (Merck Animal Health) helped analyze mortality
and histology data. Miranda Dotson (Aquatic Animal Drug Approval
Partnership Program [AADAP]) helped collect data, and Niccole Wandelear
(AADAP) prepared medicated feeds and collected feed samples for dose
verification. Beth MacConnell (Headwaters Fish Pathology LLC) evaluated
histology samples. Kurt Borge was the independent quality assurance
officer. Jesse Trushenski (Southern Illinois University) and Richard
Endris (Merck Animal Health) reviewed manuscript drafts. Mention of
trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the
purpose of providing specific information and does not imply
recommendation or endorsement by the USFWS.
NR 29
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
EI 1548-8454
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 75
IS 4
BP 517
EP 523
DI 10.1080/15222055.2013.815676
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 249MQ
UT WOS:000326781700008
ER
PT J
AU Carey, CS
Jones, JW
Hallerman, EM
Butler, RS
AF Carey, Caitlin S.
Jones, Jess W.
Hallerman, Eric M.
Butler, Robert S.
TI Determining Optimum Temperature for Growth and Survival of
Laboratory-Propagated Juvenile Freshwater Mussels
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID PRONODULARIA-JAPANENSIS; SUBSTRATE SIZE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PEARL MUSSELS;
UNITED-STATES; FISH HOSTS; UNIONIDAE; BIVALVIA; CONSERVATION; TOXICITY
AB The effects of temperature on growth and survival of laboratory-propagated juvenile freshwater mussels of two federally endangered species, the Cumberlandian combshell Epioblasma brevidens and oyster mussel E. capsaeformis, and one nonlisted species, the wavy-rayed lampmussel Lampsilis fasciola, were investigated to determine optimum rearing temperatures for these species in small water-recirculating aquaculture systems. Juveniles 4-5 months old were held in downweller buckets at five temperatures. Growth and survival of juveniles were evaluated at 2-week intervals for 10 sampling events. At the end of the 20-week experiment, mean growth at 20, 22, 24, 26, and 28 degrees C was, respectively, 0.75, 2.22, 3.27, 4.23, and 4.08mm for Cumberlandian combshell; 1.35, 3.73, 3.81, 4.90, and 4.70mm for oyster mussel; and 2.09, 3.96, 4.99, 5.13, and 4.87mm for wavy-rayed lampmussel juveniles. Generally, temperature was positively correlated with growth of juveniles. Final mean maximum growth occurred at 26 degrees C for all three species, although no significant differences in growth were detected between 26 degrees C and 28 degrees C. The relationship between temperature and survival of juveniles was less clear. Final survival was 82.5, 89.0, 91.0, 89.5, and 93.5% for Cumberlandian combshell; 73.0, 83.5, 78.0, 78.0, and 68.1% for oyster mussel; and 75.0, 89.5, 87.0, 86.5, and 89.5% for wavy-rayed lampmussel juveniles at the five temperature treatments, respectively. Based on the species used in this study, results indicate that 26 degrees C is the optimum temperature to maximize growth of juvenile mussels in downweller bucket systems. The ability to grow endangered juveniles to larger sizes will improve survival in captivity and upon release into the wild and will reduce time spent in hatcheries. As a result, hatcheries can increase their overall production and enhance the likelihood of success of mussel population recovery efforts by federal and state agencies, and other partners.
C1 [Carey, Caitlin S.; Hallerman, Eric M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Jones, Jess W.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Butler, Robert S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Asheville Field Off, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
RP Carey, CS (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Cheatham Hall,Room 149,310 West Campus Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM cscarey@vt.edu
OI Carey, Caitlin/0000-0001-7832-5284
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Asheville, North Carolina, Field
Office
FX This project was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS),
Asheville, North Carolina, Field Office. We thank Virginia Department of
Game and Inland Fisheries' (VDGIF) Aquatic Wildlife Conservation Center
and the Freshwater Mollusk Conservation Center for providing the
juvenile mussels for this study. In addition, we thank the many people
who helped us complete the field and laboratory work for the project:
Amanda Duncan, Mike Pinder, and Joe Ferraro, VDGIF; Gale Heffinger,
USFWS; and Kasey Ewing, Tim Lane, Jennifer Rogers, Andrew Phipps, Hua
Dan, Lee Stephens, Brian Parks, and Daniel Schilling, Virginia
Polytechnic Institute and State University. The views expressed in this
article are the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the
USFWS.
NR 44
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
EI 1548-8454
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 75
IS 4
BP 532
EP 542
DI 10.1080/15222055.2013.826763
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 249MQ
UT WOS:000326781700010
ER
PT J
AU Huang, ZT
Jones, J
Gu, JY
Hallerman, E
Lane, T
Song, XF
Wan, R
AF Huang, Zhitao
Jones, Jess
Gu, Junye
Hallerman, Eric
Lane, Timothy
Song, Xiefa
Wan, Rong
TI Performance of a Recirculating Aquaculture System Utilizing an Algal
Turf Scrubber for Scaled-Up Captive Rearing of Freshwater Mussels
(Bivalvia: Unionidae)
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID LIMNOSCAPHA MYERSIANA LEA; UNITED-STATES; GROWTH; CONSERVATION;
JUVENILES; SURVIVAL
AB To develop a system supporting rapid growth of juvenile freshwater mussels, a recirculating aquaculture system was designed and built at the Laboratory for Conservation Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. The system included a rectangular trough tank, a sump (biofilter), a pump, a microalgae drip feeder, and an air delivery system. An algal turf scrubber (ATS) was evaluated for its potential to maintain and improve water quality within the system. Growth and survival rates of juvenile rainbow mussels Villosa iris after 90 d were compared between system units with and without ATSs. Flow rate through the culture units was approximately 23.3 L/min. Results showed no statistically significant differences between the growth and survival rates of juvenile mussels reared in systems with ATSs and those reared in systems without ATSs. Ammonia and nitrite levels were low and did not differ among treatments. However, systems with ATSs exhibited significantly lower levels of nitrate and phosphate than systems without ATSs. Our results show that freshwater mussel culture systems can be scaled up to increase production and that the use of ATSs may help to maintain water quality in recirculating aquaculture systems during long-term culture of freshwater mussels.
C1 [Huang, Zhitao; Song, Xiefa; Wan, Rong] Ocean Univ China, Dept Fisheries, Qingdao 266003, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Zhitao; Gu, Junye; Hallerman, Eric; Lane, Timothy] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Freshwater Mollusk Conservat Ctr, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Jones, Jess] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Hallerman, E (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Freshwater Mollusk Conservat Ctr, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, 100 Cheatham Hall,310 West Campus Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM ehallerm@vt.edu
OI Lane, Timothy/0000-0003-4802-3749
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
EI 1548-8454
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 75
IS 4
BP 543
EP 547
DI 10.1080/15222055.2013.826762
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 249MQ
UT WOS:000326781700011
ER
PT J
AU Barron, JM
Jensen, NR
Anders, PJ
Egan, JP
Cain, KD
AF Barron, James M.
Jensen, Nathan R.
Anders, Paul J.
Egan, Joshua P.
Cain, Kenneth D.
TI Suppression of Cannibalism during Larviculture of Burbot through Size
Grading
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID GADUS-MORHUA; GROWTH; LARVAL; FOOD; LAKE; SURVIVAL
AB The survival and percentage of North American Burbot Lota lota maculosa larvae and metamorphosing larvae presumed to have been cannibalized during a 15-d period immediately following a size-grading event were compared with those of fish in nongraded control groups. In larvae (mean TL, 11.8mm), grading immediately produced a size distinction, as the group that passed the grader was significantly narrower and shorter than the group retained by the grader. The mean coefficient of variation of the length of larvae in the retained group was significantly lower than that of the control group, indicating that grading reduced size heterogeneity. Grading significantly increased larval survival, which averaged 74.3% and 93.3% for the passed and retained fish, respectively, compared with 59.3% in the control. Increased survival was linked to a reduction in the percentage of larvae presumed cannibalized in the graded groups. In metamorphosing larvae (mean TL, 21.0mm), grading did not significantly change TL, width, or the coefficient of variation of length, nor did it improve survival or reduce presumed cannibalism. This study provides initial empirical evidence that size grading can be an effective way to significantly reduce cannibalism when done at the onset of cannibalism in larval-stage Burbot.
C1 [Barron, James M.; Anders, Paul J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Barron, James M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
[Jensen, Nathan R.; Anders, Paul J.; Egan, Joshua P.] Cramer Fish Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Jensen, Nathan R.; Egan, Joshua P.; Cain, Kenneth D.] Univ Idaho, Inst Aquaculture Res, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Cain, Kenneth D.] Univ Tasmania, Natl Ctr Marine Conservat & Resource Sustainabil, Launceston, Tas 7250, Australia.
RP Cain, KD (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, POB 441136, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM kcain@uidaho.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [14330-7-H067]; Kootenai Tribe of Idaho;
Bonneville Power Administration [198806400, 46821]
FX This project was funded in part by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(grant 14330-7-H067). Special thanks to Ray Jones for program funding
and coordinating. This project was also supported by the Kootenai Tribe
of Idaho and the Bonneville Power Administration (project 198806400;
contract 46821). We extend our deepest gratitude to the Kootenai Tribe
of Idaho, the British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, and Natural
Resource Operations, the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Cramer Fish
Sciences, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the University of
Idaho Aquaculture Research Institute (UI-ARI). We extend our gratitude
to Susan Ireland of the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho for her support and
dedication. Without these collaborators this work would not have been
possible. Finally, we thank the UI-ARI staff members who assisted during
this study. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service.
NR 20
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
EI 1548-8454
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 75
IS 4
BP 556
EP 561
DI 10.1080/15222055.2013.829146
PG 6
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 249MQ
UT WOS:000326781700013
ER
PT J
AU Lowenstern, JB
Pitcher, BW
AF Lowenstern, Jacob B.
Pitcher, Bradley W.
TI Analysis of H2O in silicate glass using attenuated total reflectance
(ATR) micro-FTIR spectroscopy
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE IR spectroscopy; glass properties; FTIR; water; new technique; igneous
petrology; ATR; glass
ID RHYOLITIC GLASSES; MELT INCLUSIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY;
VOLCANIC GLASSES; DISSOLVED WATER; CALIBRATION; LIQUIDS; SPECTROMETRY;
SOLUBILITIES
AB We present a calibration for attenuated total reflectance (ATR) micro-FTIR for analysis of H2O in hydrous glass. A Ge ATR accessory was used to measure evanescent wave absorption by H2O within hydrous rhyolite and other standards. Absorbance at 3450 cm(-1) (representing total H2O or H(2)Ot) and 1630 cm(-1) (molecular H2O or H2Om) showed high correlation with measured H2O in the glasses as determined by transmission FTIR spectroscopy and manometry. For rhyolite,
wt%H2O = 245(+/- 9)center dot A(3450) - 0.22(+/- 0.03)
and
wt%H2Om = 235(+/- 11)center dot A(1630) - 0.20(+/- 0.03)
where A(3450) and A(1630) represent the ATR absorption at the relevant infrared wavelengths. The calibration permits determination of volatiles in singly polished glass samples with spot size down to similar to 5 mu m (for H2O-rich samples) and detection limits of similar to 0.1 wt%H2O. Basaltic, basaltic andesite and dacitic glasses of known H2O concentrations fall along a density-adjusted calibration, indicating that ATR is relatively insensitive to glass composition, at least for calc-alkaline glasses. The following equation allows quantification of H2O in silicate glasses that range in composition from basalt to rhyolite:
wt% H2O = (omega center dot A(3450)/rho) + b
where omega = 550 +/- 21, b = -0.19 +/- 0.03, rho = density, in g/cm(3), and A3450 is the ATR absorbance at 3450 cm(-1).
The ATR micro-FTIR technique is less sensitive than transmission FTIR, but requires only a singly polished sample for quantitative results, thus minimizing time for sample preparation. Compared with specular reflectance, it is more sensitive and better suited for imaging of H2O variations in heterogeneous samples such as melt inclusions. One drawback is that the technique can damage fragile samples and we therefore recommend mounting of unknowns in epoxy prior to polishing. Our calibration should hold for any Ge ATR crystals with the same incident angle (31 degrees). Use of a different crystal type or geometry would require measurement of several H2O-bearing standards to provide a crystal-specific calibration.
C1 [Lowenstern, Jacob B.; Pitcher, Bradley W.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Lowenstern, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, MS 910,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jlwnstrn@usgs.gov
OI Lowenstern, Jacob/0000-0003-0464-7779
FU Volcano Science Center; USGS Volcano Hazards Program
FX Dawnika Blatter provided the basaltic glass standards. Sally Newman
provided three obsidian clasts from Mono Craters. Tom Sisson donated
three of the rhyolite glass standards and a sample of Huckleberry Ridge
Tuff. Margaret Mangan provided the three dacites and four basaltic
andesites. Cal McCulloch assisted with sample polishing and analysis. We
appreciate helpful reviews by Sisson, Heather Wright, W. Mailfait, and
C. Le Losq. Manuel Nathanson provided insight on data reduction and
statistics. The iN10 FTIR spectrometer was purchased in 2011 with funds
provided by the Volcano Science Center. B.P. came to the USGS through a
National Association of Geoscience Teachers internship. Most other
funding comes from the USGS Volcano Hazards Program.
NR 35
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PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
EI 1945-3027
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 98
IS 10
BP 1660
EP 1668
DI 10.2138/am.2013.4466
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 243ZR
UT WOS:000326357400003
ER
PT J
AU Cooper, LW
Sexson, MG
Grebmeier, JM
Gradinger, R
Mordy, CW
Lovvorn, JR
AF Cooper, L. W.
Sexson, M. G.
Grebmeier, J. M.
Gradinger, R.
Mordy, C. W.
Lovvorn, J. R.
TI Linkages between sea-ice coverage, pelagic-benthic coupling, and the
distribution of spectacled eiders: Observations in March 2008, 2009 and
2010, northern Bering Sea
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bering Sea; Spectacled eider; Sea ice; Pelagic-benthic coupling; Organic
sedimentation
ID LAWRENCE-ISLAND POLYNYA; CHUKCHI SEAS; CHLOROPHYLL-A; PACK ICE;
DYNAMICS; DUCKS; SEDIMENTATION; CARBON; SHELF; OCEAN
AB Icebreaker-based sampling in the northern Bering Sea south of St. Lawrence Island in March of 2008, 2009, and 2010 has provided new data on overall ecosystem function early in the annual productive cycle. While water-column chlorophyll concentrations (<25 mg m(-2) integrated over the whole water column) are two orders of magnitude lower than observed during the spring bloom in May, sea-ice algal inventories of chlorophyll are high (up to 1 g m(-3) in the bottom 2-cm of sea-ice). Vertical fluxes of chlorophyll as measured in sediment traps were between 0.3 and 3.7 mg m(-2) d(-1) and were consistent with the recent deposition (days' to weeks' time scale) of chlorophyll to the surface sediments (0-25 mg m(-2) present at 0-1 cm). Sediment oxygen respiration rates were lower than previous measurements that followed the spring bloom, but were highest in areas of known high benthic biomass. Early spring release of sedimentary ammonium occurs, particularly southeast of St. Lawrence Island, leading to bottom-water ammonium concentrations of >5 mu M. These data, together with other physical, biological, and nutrient data, are presented here in conjunction with observed sea-ice dynamics and the distribution of an apex predator, the Spectacled Eider (Somateria fischeri). Sea-ice dynamics in addition to benthic food availability, as determined by sedimentation processes, play a role in the distribution of spectacled eiders, which cannot always access the greatest biomass of their preferred bivalve prey. Overall, the data and observations indicate that the northern Bering Sea is biologically active in late winter, but with strong atmospheric and hydrographic controls. These controls pre-determine nutrient and chlorophyll distributions, water-column mixing, as well as pelagic-benthic coupling. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cooper, L. W.; Grebmeier, J. M.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Sexson, M. G.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Gradinger, R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Mordy, C. W.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Lovvorn, J. R.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Lovvorn, J. R.] So Illinois Univ, Ctr Ecol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
RP Cooper, LW (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, POB 38, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
EM cooper@umces.edu
RI Grebmeier, Jacqueline/L-9805-2013; Gradinger, Rolf/E-4965-2015;
OI Grebmeier, Jacqueline/0000-0001-7624-3568; Gradinger,
Rolf/0000-0001-6035-3957; Cooper, Lee/0000-0001-7734-8388
FU North Pacific Research Board; Office of Polar Programs of the National
Science Foundation [ARC-0732767, ARC-0732430, ARC-082290]; Joint
Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA
[NA17RJ1232]
FX The field sampling would not have been possible without strong support
from the commanding officers, crew and officers of both the USCGC Healy
on the 2008 and 2009 cruises, and during the apparently final science
mission of the USCGC Polar Sea in 2010. Shipboard support for water
column collections and data management was provided by Steve Roberts,
Tom Bolmer, Matt Durham, Ben Gire, Sigrid Salo, Peter Proctor, Mark
Bradford, John Allison, and Scott Hiller. Also at sea, we thank Markus
Janout, Boris Sirenko, Craig Casemodel, Deanna Wheeler, Rebecca Neumann,
Sarah Story, Joe Bump, Perry Pungowiyi, Gay Sheffield, Marisa
Guarinello, Regan Simpson, Krista Hoff, Maria Ceballos, Linton Beaven,
Cynthia Yeung, Laura Gemery, Nathalie Morata, Jared Weems, Brenna
McConnell, Marjorie Brooks, Steve Fenske, Dawn Sechler, Martin Schuster,
and Edward Davis for their help in collecting the data presented here.
Alynne Bayard and Aariel Rowan provided GIS expertise with drafting some
of the figures and Dana Biasatti made the oxygen isotope determinations.
We thank two anonymous reviewers and guest editor Mike Lomas for their
efforts in reviewing earlier versions of the manuscript. Financial
support was provided in part by the North Pacific Research Board. The
Office of Polar Programs of the National Science Foundation also
supported this work, through ARC-0732767 to RG, ARC-0732430 to CM, and
ARC-082290 to L.C. and J.G. The spectacled eider telemetry efforts were
supported by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, the Bureau of Land
Management, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, the US Fish and
Wildlife Service, ConocoPhillips-Alaska, Inc., the Columbus Zoo and
Aquarium, the Mesker Park Zoo & Botanic Garden, and the Point Defiance
Zoo 82 Aquarium. Use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Geological Survey or the US
Government. This study was also in part funded by the Joint Institute
for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative
Agreement no. NA17RJ1232. This work is Contribution 3854 to NOAA's
Pacific Environmental Laboratory, 2041 to JISAO, EcoFOCI-0786 to NOAA's
Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations, and Contribution 87
to the BEST-BSIERP program.
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 31
EP 43
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.03.009
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600004
ER
PT J
AU Gemery, L
Cronin, TM
Cooper, LW
Grebmeier, JM
AF Gemery, L.
Cronin, T. M.
Cooper, L. W.
Grebmeier, J. M.
TI Temporal changes in benthic ostracode assemblages in the Northern Bering
and Chukchi Seas from 1976 to 2010
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bering Sea; Chukchi Sea; Benthic; Ecosystem change; Ostracodes;
Meiofauna
ID ARCTIC-OCEAN; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM; ICE; MARINE; SHELF;
DYNAMICS; ATLANTIC; WARM
AB We analyzed living ostracode assemblages from the northern Bering Sea, collected between 1976 and 2010, and from the Chukchi Sea, collected in 2009 and 2010, to examine how climatic and oceanographic changes are affecting modern ostracode species distributions. Totals of 21 and 28 ostracode species were identified, respectively, from Bering and Chukchi Sea surface sediment samples. The Bering Sea assemblage is largely transitional in species composition between those inhabiting western Arctic continental shelves and the subarctic Gulf of Alaska. Temporal changes in the Bering Sea assemblage provide evidence that decadal temperature changes have affected species composition. For example, the proportion of Normanicythere leioderma, a predominantly Arctic species, decreased from 70% of the total assemblage population in 1999 to 15% by 2006. This decrease coincided with a shift in the Arctic Oscillation toward a positive mode and warmer Bering sea-surface temperatures (SST) beginning in the early 2000s. In contrast, the more temperate species, Pectocythere janae (also known as Kotoracythere arctoborealis) made up less than 4% of the Bering assemblage prior to 2000 but increased in abundance to as much as 30% as Bering Sea temperatures rose from 2001 to 2006. This pattern has reversed since 2006 when cooler temperatures led to a decline in P. janae and return in the prominence of N. leioderma. Our results support the idea that recent ocean temperature changes and a reduced sea-ice season in the Bering-Chukchi Sea region are changing species composition in benthic ecosystems. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Gemery, L.; Cronin, T. M.] USGS Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Gemery, L.; Cooper, L. W.; Grebmeier, J. M.] Univ Maryland, Marine Estuarine & Environm Sci Grad Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cooper, L. W.; Grebmeier, J. M.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
RP Gemery, L (reprint author), USGS Natl Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM lgemery@usgs.gov; tcronin@usgs.gov; cooper@umces.edu; jgrebmei@umces.edu
RI Grebmeier, Jacqueline/L-9805-2013; Cooper, Lee/E-5251-2012
OI Grebmeier, Jacqueline/0000-0001-7624-3568; Cooper,
Lee/0000-0001-7734-8388
FU NSF ARC [0802290]; USGS Climate and Land Use Change Program
FX We thank W.M. Briggs and E.I. Schornikov for meaningful discussions and
identification regarding Kotoracythere arctoborealis vs. Pectocythere
janae, A. Bayard and R. Marzen for assisting with mapping graphics, EM.
Brouwers, H. Nelson, K. McDougall, B. Casey for sediment samples, Z.
Brown for sea-ice extent data and manuscript critique and improvements,
Christina Riesselman, Moriaki Yasuhara, Anna Stepanova and Walter
Boynton for helpful reviews of the original manuscript. We are grateful
for lab assistance from R. Lindsay, R. Marzen, D. Reed, J. Farmer and B.
Gordon. Financial support was provided in part by NSF ARC 0802290 and
the USGS Climate and Land Use Change Program. This is contribution #85
to the BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project publication.
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 68
EP 79
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.03.012
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600007
ER
PT J
AU Harding, A
Paredes, R
Suryan, R
Roby, D
Irons, D
Orben, R
Renner, H
Young, R
Barger, C
Dorresteijn, I
Kitaysky, A
AF Harding, Ann
Paredes, Rosana
Suryan, Robert
Roby, Daniel
Irons, David
Orben, Rachael
Renner, Heather
Young, Rebecca
Barger, Christopher
Dorresteijn, Ine
Kitaysky, Alexander
TI Does location really matter? An inter-colony comparison of seabirds
breeding at varying distances from productive oceanographic features in
the Bering Sea
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Corticosterone; Diving; GPS-tracking; Prey; Provisioning; Shelf-break;
Stress
ID THICK-BILLED MURRES; BLACK-LEGGED KITTIWAKES; LONG-LIVED SEABIRD;
URIA-AALGE; FOOD AVAILABILITY; PRIBILOF ISLANDS; MARINE PREDATOR; NORTH
PACIFIC; PISCIVOROUS SEABIRDS; COMMON MURRES
AB Central place foragers, such as breeding seabirds, need to commute between their nests and foraging grounds, thus close proximity of the breeding colony to productive oceanographic features might be beneficial for seabird reproduction. We tested this hypothesis by investigating the at-sea foraging and breeding behavior of thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) nesting at three colonies (Bogoslof, St. Paul, and St. George Islands) in the Bering Sea located at different distances from the productive continental shelf-break. We found that distances to feeding areas differed only during night trips among colonies. St. Paul murres foraged entirely on the shelf, whereas St. George murres commuted to the continental shelf-break at night and foraged on the shelf during the day. Bogoslof murres foraged in oceanic waters in close proximity to the colony. Murres breeding at the both Pribilof colonies spent less time attending nests and had higher levels of stress hormone corticosterone compared to murres breeding at Bogoslof, although chick-provisioning rates and fledging success were similar among the three colonies. Lower nest attendance and higher corticosterone suggest lower food availability in the Pribilof domain compared to the Bogoslof region. Murres breeding at the Pribilofs used different foraging strategies to buffer effects of food shortages on their reproduction: flight costs associated with longer distance night trips at St. George were presumably balanced by benefits of higher density and/or more lipid rich prey in the continental shelf-break regions, whereas the additional distance of St. Paul from the continental shelf-break may have outweighed any energetic gain. Murres exhibited a remarkable degree of plasticity of foraging strategies in response to changes in their food availability, but the breeding success of murres did not reflect either food limitations or the colony proximity to productive oceanographic features. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Harding, Ann] Alaska Pacific Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Paredes, Rosana; Roby, Daniel] Hall,Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Re, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Suryan, Robert] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Irons, David] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Orben, Rachael] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Renner, Heather] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Alaska Maritime Natl Wildlife Refuge, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
[Young, Rebecca; Barger, Christopher; Dorresteijn, Ine; Kitaysky, Alexander] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Harding, A (reprint author), Alaska Pacific Univ, Dept Environm Sci, 4101 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM a.m.a.harding@gmail.com
OI Orben, Rachael/0000-0002-0802-407X
FU BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project [76]; NPRB, BSIERP [B63, B77, B65]
FX This publication number is NPRB #377 BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project #76.
We are indebted to B. Battaile, D. Cushing, B. Drummond, T. Harten, D.
Kildaw, R. Marshall, R. Massengale, R. Papish, T. Vergoz, J. Warzybok,
A. Will, and S. Youngren for their dedication and skill in the field, A.
Will and B. Battaile for designing the observation data-base, R. and J.
Irons for assistance with pressure testing the GPS casing, E. Kitaiskaia
for conducting hormonal analysis, and K. Turco for her invaluable
expertise and patience with the lavage analysis. Many thanks to G.
Dell'Omo (Technosmart) and Mike Vandertillaart (Lotek) for their
technical support throughout the season. We thank K. Holser (St. George
Island Institute), P. Wohl and A. Purcella (Northern Forum), P. Zavadil
and D. Lestenkof (Aleut Community of St. Paul Island), S. Merculief
(Tribal Council St. George Island), K. Brenneman, J. Reed, L. Spitler,
J. Williams, and the crews of the MV Tiglax and Miss Alyssa for crucial
logistical and financial support. We are grateful to stimulating
discussions with other members of the BSIERP projects led by A. Trites,
S. Hepell, K. Benoit-Bird, and K. Kuletz. All procedures have been
approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, University
of Alaska, Fairbanks, and conducted under IACUC permit #2009008. This
study was funded by NPRB, BSIERP Project B63 and B77 to D.B. Irons, D.D.
Roby, and A.S. Kitaysky, and Project B65 to H.M. Renner and G.V. Byrd.
NR 116
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U1 1
U2 58
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 178
EP 191
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.03.013
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600016
ER
PT J
AU Huntington, HP
Noongwook, G
Bond, NA
Benter, B
Snyder, JA
Zhang, JL
AF Huntington, Henry P.
Noongwook, George
Bond, Nicholas A.
Benter, Bradley
Snyder, Jonathan A.
Zhang, Jinlun
TI The influence of wind and ice on spring walrus hunting success on St.
Lawrence Island, Alaska
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens); Hunting; St. Lawrence
Island; Bering Sea; Winds; Sea ice; Generalized additive model (GAM)
ID BERING-SEA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SUBSISTENCE; REANALYSIS; KNOWLEDGE
AB St. Lawrence Island Yupik hunters on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, take hundreds of Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) each year. The harvest and associated effort (hunting trips taken), however, are variable from year to year and also from day to day, influenced by physical environmental factors among other variables. We used data from 1996 to 2010 to construct generalized additive models (GAMs) to examine several relationships among the variables. Physical factors explained 18% of the variability in harvest in Savoonga and 25% of the variability in effort; the corresponding figures for Gambell were 24% and 32%. Effort alone explained 63% of the harvest in Savoonga and 59% in Gambell. Physical factors played a relatively smaller role in determining hunting efficiency (walrus taken per hunting trip), explaining 15% of the variability in efficiency in Savoonga and 22% in Gambell, suggesting that physical factors play a larger role in determining whether to hunt than in the outcome of the hunt once undertaken. Combining physical factors with effort explained 70% of the harvest variability in Savoonga and 66% in Gambell. Although these results indicate that other factors (e.g. fuel prices, socioeconomic conditions) collectively cause a greater share of variability in harvest and effort than ice and wind, at least as indicated by the measures used as predictors in the GAMs, they also suggest that environmental change is also likely to influence future harvest levels, and that climate models that yield appropriately scaled data on ice and wind around St. Lawrence Island may be of use in determining the magnitude and direction of those influences. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Noongwook, George] Native Village Savoonga, Savoonga Whaling Captains Assoc, Savoonga, AK 99769 USA.
[Bond, Nicholas A.] Univ Washington, JISAO, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Benter, Bradley; Snyder, Jonathan A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Zhang, Jinlun] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Huntington, HP (reprint author), 23834 Clearing Dr, Eagle River, AK 99577 USA.
EM hph@alaska.net; gnunguk@hotmail.com; nab3met@u.washington.edu;
brad_benter@fws.gov; jonathan_snyder@fws.gov; zhang@apl.washington.edu
FU North Pacific Research Board; National Science Foundation [ARC0611967]
FX We thank the North Pacific Research Board for funding our work, and the
leaders and researchers of BEST-BSIERP for their encouragement and
support. We thank the BSIERP LTK Regional Advisory Board and its members
for providing guidance and ideas for our project. J.Z. also thanks the
National Science Foundation, whose grant ARC0611967 supports his work.
NR 25
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 312
EP 322
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.03.016
PG 11
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600026
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, J
DeAngelis, DL
AF Jiang, Jiang
DeAngelis, Donald L.
TI Strong species-environment feedback shapes plant community assembly
along environmental gradients
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Alternative states; coexistence; community assembly; Ecosystem engineer;
limiting similarity; neutral model; niche; species zonation
ID ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; POSITIVE INTERACTIONS; LIMITING SIMILARITY; STABLE
STATES; COMPETITION; NICHE; CONSEQUENCES; VEGETATION; NEUTRALITY;
ORGANISMS
AB An aim of community ecology is to understand the patterns of competing species assembly along environmental gradients. All species interact with their environments. However, theories of community assembly have seldom taken into account the effects of species that are able to engineer the environment. In this modeling study, we integrate the species' engineering trait together with processes of immigration and local dispersal into a theory of community assembly. We quantify the species' engineering trait as the degree to which it can move the local environment away from its baseline state towards the optimum state of the species (species-environment feedback). We find that, in the presence of immigration from a regional pool, strong feedback can increase local species richness; however, in the absence of continual immigration, species richness is a declining function of the strength of species-environment feedback. This shift from a negative effect of engineering strength on species richness to a positive effect, as immigration rate increases, is clearer when there is spatial heterogeneity in the form of a gradient in environmental conditions than when the environment is homogeneous or it is randomly heterogeneous. Increasing the scale over which local dispersal occurs can facilitate species richness when there is no species-environment feedback or when the feedback is weak. However, increases in the spatial scale of dispersal can reduce species richness when the species-environment feedback is strong. These results expand the theoretical basis for understanding the effects of the strength of species-environment feedback on community assembly.
C1 [Jiang, Jiang] Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.] Univ Miami, US Geol Survey, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
RP Jiang, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM jjiang@nimbios.org
RI Jiang, Jiang/H-1080-2012
OI Jiang, Jiang/0000-0001-5058-8664
FU NSF [EF-0832858]; USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science
Program; FISCHS project
FX JJ was supported as Postdoctoral Fellow at NIMBioS, an institute
sponsored through NSF Award #EF-0832858 DLD was supported by the USGS
Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science Program and by FISCHS
project.
NR 34
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U1 0
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 12
BP 4119
EP 4128
DI 10.1002/ece3.784
PG 10
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 242ZU
UT WOS:000326286700006
PM 24324863
ER
PT J
AU Huang, SL
Young, C
Abdul-Aziz, OI
Dahal, D
Feng, M
Liu, SG
AF Huang, Shengli
Young, Claudia
Abdul-Aziz, Omar I.
Dahal, Devendra
Feng, Min
Liu, Shuguang
TI Simulating the water budget of a Prairie Potholes complex from LiDAR and
hydrological models in North Dakota, USA
SO HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrological modelling; LiDAR; Prairie Pothole Region; water budget;
wetland
ID COTTONWOOD LAKE AREA; ISOLATED WETLANDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DYNAMICS;
DROUGHT; REGION; CONSEQUENCES; FLUCTUATIONS; PERSPECTIVE; CATCHMENTS
AB Hydrological processes of the wetland complex in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) are difficult to model, partly due to a lack of wetland morphology data. We used Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) data sets to derive wetland features; we then modelled rainfall, snowfall, snowmelt, runoff, evaporation, the fill-and-spill mechanism, shallow groundwater loss, and the effect of wet and dry conditions. For large wetlands with a volume greater than thousands of cubic metres (e.g. about 3000 m(3)), the modelled water volume agreed fairly well with observations; however, it did not succeed for small wetlands (e.g. volume less than 450 m(3)). Despite the failure for small wetlands, the modelled water area of the wetland complex coincided well with interpretation of aerial photographs, showing a linear regression with R-2 of around 0.80 and a mean average error of around 0.55 km(2). The next step is to improve the water budget modelling for small wetlands.
C1 [Huang, Shengli] ARTS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Young, Claudia] Earth Resources Technol ERT Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Abdul-Aziz, Omar I.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Miami, FL 33174 USA.
[Dahal, Devendra] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol SGT Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Feng, Min] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Shuguang] USGS EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Huang, SL (reprint author), ARTS, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
FU US Department of Agriculture's Conservation Effects Assessment Program
(CEAP)-Wetlands; US Geological Survey's Geographic Analysis and
Monitoring (GAM); Global Change Research Programs
FX This work was supported by US Department of Agriculture's Conservation
Effects Assessment Program (CEAP)-Wetlands, the US Geological Survey's
Geographic Analysis and Monitoring (GAM) and the Global Change Research
Programs.
NR 56
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0262-6667
EI 2150-3435
J9 HYDROLOG SCI J
JI Hydrol. Sci. J.-J. Sci. Hydrol.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 7
BP 1434
EP 1444
DI 10.1080/02626667.2013.831419
PG 11
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 238PO
UT WOS:000325960100005
ER
PT J
AU Mair, A
El-Kadi, AI
AF Mair, Alan
El-Kadi, Aly I.
TI Logistic regression modeling to assess groundwater vulnerability to
contamination in Hawaii, USA
SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aquifer vulnerability; Groundwater contamination; Risk assessment;
Logistic regression
ID UNITED-STATES; NITRATE CONTAMINATION; LAND-USE; UNCERTAINTY; AQUIFER;
WELLS; PROBABILITY; IMPACT; BASIN; DBCP
AB Capture zone analysis combined with a subjective susceptibility index is currently used in Hawaii to assess vulnerability to contamination of drinking water sources derived from groundwater. In this study, we developed an alternative objective approach that combines well capture zones with multiple-variable logistic regression (LR) modeling and applied it to the highly-utilized Pearl Harbor and Honolulu aquifers on the island of Oahu, Hawaii. Input for the LR models utilized explanatory variables based on hydrogeology, land use, and well geometry/location. A suite of 11 target contaminants detected in the region, including elevated nitrate (>1 mg/L), four chlorinated solvents, four agricultural fumigants, and two pesticides, was used to develop the models. We then tested the ability of the new approach to accurately separate groups of wells with low and high vulnerability, and the suitability of nitrate as an indicator of other types of contamination. Our results produced contaminant-specific LR models that accurately identified groups of wells with the lowest/highest reported detections and the lowest/highest nitrate concentrations. Current and former agricultural land uses were identified as significant explanatory variables for eight of the 11 target contaminants, while elevated nitrate was a significant variable for five contaminants. The utility of the combined approach is contingent on the availability of hydrologic and chemical monitoring data for calibrating groundwater and LR models. Application of the approach using a reference site with sufficient data could help identify key variables in areas with similar hydrogeology and land use but limited data. In addition, elevated nitrate may also be a suitable indicator of groundwater contamination in areas with limited data. The objective LR modeling approach developed in this study is flexible enough to address a wide range of contaminants and represents a suitable addition to the current subjective approach. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
Univ Hawaii Manoa, Water Resources Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Mair, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Islands Water Sci Ctr, 677 Ala Moana Blvd,Suite 415, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
EM mair@hawaii.edu; elkadi@hawaii.edu
FU State of Hawaii's Department of Health, Safe Drinking Water Branch (DOH)
under Administrative Services Office [09-114]
FX This project was funded by the State of Hawaii's Department of Health,
Safe Drinking Water Branch (DOH) under Administrative Services Office
Log No. 09-114. Analytical data and drinking water source information
were provided by DOH; the State of Hawaii's Department of Land and
Natural Resources, Commission on Water Resource Management; and the
Honolulu Board of Water Supply (HBWS). The authors wish to thank the
HBWS for allowing the publication of capture zones for their water
supply wells in the Pearl Harbor-Honolulu aquifer. The authors also wish
to thank Robert Whittier, Daniel Chang, Kolja Rotzoll, and Glenn Oyama
for assisting with the groundwater modeling analysis, locating
analytical and well construction data, and providing valuable input on
the content of this study. Finally, the authors wish to thank two
anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-7722
EI 1873-6009
J9 J CONTAM HYDROL
JI J. Contam. Hydrol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 153
BP 1
EP 23
DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.07.004
PG 23
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA 245AF
UT WOS:000326430600001
PM 23948235
ER
PT J
AU Personna, YR
Slater, L
Ntarlagiannis, D
Werkema, D
Szabo, Z
AF Personna, Yves Robert
Slater, Lee
Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios
Werkema, Dale
Szabo, Zoltan
TI Complex resistivity signatures of ethanol biodegradation in porous media
SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Complex resistivity; Biogeophysics; Ethanol; Biofuels; Biodegradation;
Redox reactions
ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; INDUCED-POLARIZATION; NATURAL ATTENUATION;
GEOPHYSICAL SIGNATURES; CONTAMINATED SITES; LOW-FREQUENCY; NEAT ETHANOL;
AQUIFER; GROUNDWATER; HYDROCARBON
AB Numerous adverse effects are associated with the accidental release of ethanol (EtOH) and its persistence in the subsurface. Geophysical techniques may permit non-invasive, real time monitoring of microbial degradation of hydrocarbon. We performed complex resistivity (CR) measurements in conjunction with geochemical data analysis on three microbial-stimulated and two control columns to investigate changes in electrical properties during EtOH biodegradation processes in porous media. A Debye Decomposition approach was applied to determine the chargeability (m), normalized chargeability (m(n)) and time constant (tau) of the polarization magnitude and relaxation length scale as a function of time. The CR responses showed a clear distinction between the bioaugmented and control columns in terms of real (sigma') and imaginary (sigma") conductivity, phase (phi) and apparent formation factor (F-app). Unlike the control columns, a substantial decrease in sigma' and increase in F-app occurred at an early time (within 4 days) of the experiment for all three bioaugmented columns. The observed decrease in sigma' is opposite to previous studies on hydrocarbon biodegradation. These columns also exhibited increases in phi (up to similar to 9 mrad) and sigma" (up to two order of magnitude higher) 5 weeks after microbial inoculation. Variations in m and m(n) were consistent with temporal changes in phi and sigma" responses, respectively. Temporal geochemical changes and high resolution scanning electron microscopy imaging corroborated the CR findings, thus indicating the sensitivity of CR measurements to EtOH biodegradation processes. Our results offer insight into the potential application of CR measurements for long-term monitoring of biogeochemical and mineralogical changes during intrinsic and induced EtOH biodegradation in the subsurface. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Personna, Yves Robert; Slater, Lee; Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Werkema, Dale] US Environm Protect Agcy NERL, CMB, ESD LV, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
[Szabo, Zoltan] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, W Trenton, NJ 08628 USA.
RP Personna, YR (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Ctr Nat Resources Dev & Protect, Room 213,Fac Mem Hall,323 MLK Blvd, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
EM personna@andromeda.rutgers.edu; LSlater@andromeda.rutgers.edu;
dimntar@andromeda.rutgers.edu; Werkema.D@epamail.epa.gov;
zszabo@usgs.gov
FU United States Protection Agency (U.S.EPA) through its Office of Research
and Development [EP10D000751]
FX The United States Protection Agency (U.S.EPA) through its Office of
Research and Development partially funded the research described here
under contract # EP10D000751 to Yves Robert Personna. The manuscript has
been subjected to U.S.EPA and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) review and
approved for publication. We thank Lily Young (Rutgers-New Brunswick)
and Abigail Porter (Rutgers-New Brunswick) for their help with the
methane analysis and their advice on microbial work. We also thank Alan
Williams (U.S.EPA) for the SEM analysis and Nathan Yee (Rutgers-New
Brunswick) for his help with the acetate analysis. We thank the editor
and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that helped
improve the manuscript. Michele M. Lorah (USGS) provided valuable review
comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-7722
EI 1873-6009
J9 J CONTAM HYDROL
JI J. Contam. Hydrol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 153
BP 37
EP 50
DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.07.005
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA 245AF
UT WOS:000326430600003
PM 23969406
ER
PT J
AU Foley, NK
De Vivo, B
Salfninen, R
AF Foley, Nora K.
De Vivo, Benedetto
Salfninen, Reijo
TI Rare Earth Elements: The role of geology, exploration, and analytical
geochemistry in ensuring diverse sources of supply and a globally
sustainable resource Preface
SO JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID CARBONATITE; SOILS; ANOMALIES; BAUXITES; BEHAVIOR; DEPOSIT; EUROPE;
ROCKS; LREE
C1 [Foley, Nora K.; De Vivo, Benedetto; Salfninen, Reijo] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Foley, NK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Mailstop 954,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM nfoley@usgs.gov
NR 39
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-6742
EI 1879-1689
J9 J GEOCHEM EXPLOR
JI J. Geochem. Explor.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 133
BP 1
EP 5
DI 10.1016/j.gexplo.2013.08.001
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 241ZA
UT WOS:000326206000001
ER
PT J
AU Ayuso, R
Tucker, R
Peters, S
Foley, N
Jackson, J
Robinson, S
Bove, M
AF Ayuso, Robert
Tucker, Robert
Peters, Steven
Foley, Nora
Jackson, John
Robinson, Sayon
Bove, Marianna
TI Preliminary radiogenic isotope study on the origin of the Khanneshin
carbonatite complex, Helmand Province, Afghanistan
SO JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION
LA English
DT Article
DE REE; Carbonatite; Khanneshin; Afghanistan; Pb-Sr-Nd isotope
geochemistry; EMII
ID NB-REE DEPOSIT; BAYAN-OBO; INNER-MONGOLIA; CHINA CONSTRAINTS; STRONTIUM
ISOTOPE; NORTH CHINA; MANTLE; ND; CHEMISTRY; MINERALS
AB The REE-mineralized Khanneshin carbonatite complex in southern Afghanistan is an economically light rare earth element (LREE)-enriched carbonatite complex of Quaternary age. Geological studies have suggested that the LREE-enriched rocks at Khanneshin are comparable in grade to many economic REE deposits, including parts of the world-class Bayan Obo (China), and Mountain Pass, California (United States) deposits. The extent of mineralization at Khanneshin is unknown; however, mineralized areas delineated as part of a reconnaissance study are estimated to contain similar to 1.29 Mt REE ore. We have determined for the first time the radiogenic isotope compositions (Pb-Sr-Nd) of bulk rocks and mineral separates (barite, strontianite, carbonate, etc.) of this carbonatite complex and propose the likely source of radiogenic isotope reservoirs associated with the REE mineralization. This study provides an opportunity to establish fundamental isotopic features of this highly mineralized system to aid in regional exploration efforts and to identify other comparable mineralized systems that shared similar source reservoirs, origins, and evolution in southern Afghanistan.
The carbonatite complex consists of coarse-grained sovite and brecciated and agglomeratic barite-ankerite alvikite. Small satellitic intrusions of biotite-calcite carbonatite and rare leucite phonolite also crop out. The massif is encircled by alkali metasomatized Neogene sedimentary strata. A periphetal apron of volcanic and volcaniclastic strata extends farther away from the complex. Present-day Pb isotopic compositions of bulk rocks (dikes, welded tuffs, sovite, and mineralized rocks) and mineral separates exhibit a narrow range in Pb-206/Pb-204 (18.814-18.877), Pb-207/Pb-204 (15.616-15.674), and Pb-208/Pb-204 (38.892-39.094). The results show that the source region of the carbonatite had a moderate compositional variation (most samples overlapping within the level of analytical precision). Present-day neodymium isotopic compositions from the Khanneshin carbonatite show a range in Nd-143/Nd-144 (0.512374-0.512462). Present-day strontium isotopic compositions also have a moderate range in Sr-87/Sr-88 (0.708034-0.709577); the mineral separates and ore are somewhat less radiogenic in Sr-87/Sr-88 (0.707954-0.708686) than the whole rocks.
A fundamental feature of the Khanneshin carbonatite is the overall high degree of isotopic homogeneity evident for the Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic systems and we regard this consistency as a diagnostic feature related to its evolution. The carbonatite constitutes a unique isotopic target for identification of other mineralized systems that might have shared the same source. The bulk rocks and minerals in the deposit are generally analytically isotopically indistinguishable, regardless of the mineralogical complexities. All rocks and minerals shared radiogenic isotopic reservoirs, a common evolution, and have remained in isotopic equilibrium. Isotope variations eliminate the source of MORB rocks, or depleted mantle (DMM), as a significant reservoir to the Khanneshin carbonatite. Compared to model mantle reservoirs, the Pb and Nd isotopes of the Khanneshin carbonatite roughly suggest source combinations of enriched mantle, type EMI and HIMU. Sr isotopic data highlight the contribution of another source (EMII?) to account for the relatively high values of Sr-87/Sr-88. The radiogenic isotope compositions of the Khanneshin carbonatite differ from world-class REE-mineralized systems such as Bayan Obo (China) and Mountain Pass (California). (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Ayuso, Robert; Tucker, Robert; Foley, Nora; Jackson, John; Robinson, Sayon; Bove, Marianna] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Peters, Steven] US Geol Survey, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Bove, Marianna] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Earth Sci, I-80138 Naples, Italy.
RP Ayuso, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Mail Stop 954, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM rayuso@usgs.gov
FU Task Force for Business and Stability Operations, U.S. Department of
Defense; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research study was funded through a contract agreement by the Task
Force for Business and Stability Operations, U.S. Department of Defense
with the U.S. Geological Survey. Samples used in this study were
collected by USGS teams as part of field work at the Khanneshin region
for which the U.S. Department of Defense provided transportation,
accommodations, and security. We are indebted to Greg Wandless and Rani
Indela for assistance in the Reston Radiogenic Isotope lab. We thank
Harvey Belkin and an anonymous reviewer for their thorough and helpful
reviews of our paper.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-6742
EI 1879-1689
J9 J GEOCHEM EXPLOR
JI J. Geochem. Explor.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 133
BP 6
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.gexplo.2013.06.012
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 241ZA
UT WOS:000326206000002
ER
PT J
AU Foley, NK
Ayuso, RA
AF Foley, Nora K.
Ayuso, Robert A.
TI Rare earth element mobility in high-alumina altered metavolcanic
deposits, South Carolina, USA
SO JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION
LA English
DT Article
DE REE-clay deposits; Carolina terrane; Kaolinite deposits; Chemical
weathering; Monazite
ID PERI-GONDWANAN REALM; LIBERTY HILL PLUTON; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
WEATHERING PROFILES; REE MINERALIZATION; JIANGXI PROVINCE; ACCESSORY
PHASES; GRANITIC-ROCKS; MOBILIZATION; CHINA
AB Mineralogical and geochemical studies of Neoproterozoic metavolcanic rocks in the Carolina terrane, USA, document processes leading to remobilization of rare earth elements (REE) during residual weathering. The Haile kaolin deposits near Kershaw, South Carolina, occur predominantly in crystal metatuff and contain reserves of >650,000 metric tons of specialty clay having similar to 60 to 450 ppm REE. The kaolins are temporally and spatially related to epithermal deposits of Fe, Au, and other metals that comprise the Haile gold mine property. Chemical alteration of the host volcanic rocks has strongly modified the original bulk rock composition producing a high-quality white clay resource composed of similar to 35% kaolinite, similar to 20% sericite similar to 45% quartz. The kaolin deposits are proposed to have formed by a combination of hydrothermal alteration and surficial weathering and the REE signature reflects the effects of volcanism, epithermal alteration and mineralization, metamorphism, and intense saprolitization.
The metavolcanic rocks span from 64.9 to 76.8 wt% SiO2 with average contents of similar to 14.43 wt.% Al2O3, and similar to 3.98 wt.% K2O. They have REE from 58 to 113 ppm (ave. similar to 90 ppm), and are light REE-enriched (similar to 60-200x, ave. 100x chondritic abundance). Silicified, altered and Au-pyrite mineralized volcanic rocks as a group have SiO2 contents (49-99 wt%) that are inversely correlated with Al2O3 (similar to 1.3-27.16 wt.%). Mineralized and altered volcanic rocks range from 2 to 203 ppm REE (ay. similar to 77); subvolcanic rhyolite porphyry has 2 to 144 ppm REE (av. similar to 74). The kaolin deposits have SiO2 contents (51-85 wt.%) that are inversely correlated with Al2O3 (10.1-33.4 wt%). Chemical weathering of the metavolcanic rocks remobilized REE and caused variations in whole rock patterns that reflect differential weathering of primary titanite, allanite, and apatite and precipitation of secondary minerals. Newly formed minerals in the saprolitized volcanics rocks include Ba-Al phosphates, poorly crystalline and hydrated REE-phosphates, gibbsite, diaspore, goethite, lepidocrocite, rutile and siderite. The REE distributions in the kaolin deposits reflect the presence of monazite-(La), monazite-(Nd), and lesser amounts of poorly crystalline xenotime (Y, Dy, Gd). The minerals and chemical processes producing the weathered metavolcanic and subvolcanic rocks at the Haile mines are analogous to those leading to the formation of REE ion adsorption clay deposits in altered granitic rocks of China and Southeast Asia. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Foley, Nora K.; Ayuso, Robert A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Foley, NK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Mailstop 954,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM nfoley@usgs.gov
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-6742
EI 1879-1689
J9 J GEOCHEM EXPLOR
JI J. Geochem. Explor.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 133
BP 50
EP 67
DI 10.1016/j.gexplo.2013.03.008
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 241ZA
UT WOS:000326206000006
ER
PT J
AU White, CL
Schuler, KL
Thomas, NJ
Webb, JL
Saliki, JT
Ip, HS
Dubey, JP
Frame, ER
AF White, C. LeAnn
Schuler, Krysten L.
Thomas, Nancy J.
Webb, Julie L.
Saliki, Jeremiah T.
Ip, Hon S.
Dubey, J. P.
Frame, Elizabeth R.
TI PATHOGEN EXPOSURE AND BLOOD CHEMISTRY IN THE WASHINGTON, USA POPULATION
OF NORTHERN SEA OTTERS (ENHYDRA LUTRIS KENYONI)
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Biotoxins; Brucella; influenza; Leptospira; morbillivirus; Sarcocystis
neurona; Toxoplasma gondii
ID PHOCA-VITULINA-RICHARDSI; CANINE-DISTEMPER VIRUS; INFLUENZA-A VIRUSES;
MARINE MAMMALS; MORBILLIVIRUS INFECTIONS; BRUCELLA-PINNIPEDIALIS;
SARCOCYSTIS-NEURONA; CLINICAL PATHOLOGY; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII;
COXIELLA-BURNETII
AB Northern sea otters (Enhydra harts kenyoni) from Washington State, United States were evaluated in 2011 to determine health status and pathogen exposure. Antibodies to Brucella spp. (10%) and influenza A virus (23%) were detected for the first time in this population in 2011. Changes in clinical pathology values (serum chemistries), exposure to pathogens, and overall health of the population over the last decade were assessed by comparing 2011 data to the data collected on this population in 2001-2002. Several serum chemistry parameters were different between study years and sexes but were not clinically significant. The odds of canine distemper virus exposure were higher for otters sampled in 2001-2002 (80%) compared to 2011 (10%); likelihood of exposure significantly increased with age. Prevalence of exposure to Sarcocystis neurona was also higher in 2001-2002 (29%) than in 2011 (0%), but because testing methods varied between study years the results were not directly comparable. Exposure to Leptospira spp. was only observed in 2001-2002. Odds of Toxoplasma gondii exposure were higher for otters sampled in 2011 (97%) than otters in 2001-2002 (58%). Substantial levels of domoic acid (n=2) and saxitoxin (n=2) were found in urine or fecal samples from animals sampled in 2011. No evidence of calicivirus or Coxiella burnetii exposure in the Washington population of northern sea otters was found in either 2001-2002 or 2011. Changes in exposure status from 2001-2002 to 2011 suggest that the Washington sea otter population may be dealing with new disease threats (e.g., influenza) while also increasing their susceptibility to diseases that may be highly pathogenic in naive individuals (e.g., canine distemper).
C1 [White, C. LeAnn; Schuler, Krysten L.; Thomas, Nancy J.; Ip, Hon S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Webb, Julie L.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Saliki, Jeremiah T.] Univ Georgia, Athens Vet Diagnost Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Frame, Elizabeth R.] NOAA, Environm Conservat Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP White, CL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM clwhite@usgs.gov
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Washington Fish and Wildlife Office,
Division of Listing and Recovery [4500029854 (13320-A-H008)]; US
Geological Service-National Wildlife Health Center
FX This project was supported by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the
Washington Fish and Wildlife Office, Division of Listing and Recovery,
Interagency Agreement 4500029854 (13320-A-H008). Additional support was
provided by US Geological Service-National Wildlife Health Center.
Sample collection was done in collaboration with the US Geological
Survey-Alaska Science Center and Monterey Bay Aquarium. We thank J.
Bodkin, M. Murray, G. Esslinger, B. Weitzman, B. Hatfield, M. Kenner,
and J. Tomeleoni for assistance with capture and sampling. We thank R.
Hornsby, D. Lindsay, R. Ford, and A. Smith for assistance with testing
and interpretation. We are grateful to D. Lynch for logistic support and
V. Shearn-Bochsler for review of earlier drafts of the manuscript. Use
of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 4
BP 887
EP 899
DI 10.7589/2013-03-053
PG 13
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 241WM
UT WOS:000326199400011
PM 24502716
ER
PT J
AU Busch, JD
Van Andel, R
Stone, NE
Cobble, KR
Nottingham, R
Lee, J
VerSteeg, M
Corcoran, J
Cordova, J
Van Pelt, W
Shuey, MM
Foster, JT
Schupp, JM
Beckstrom-Sternberg, S
Beckstrom-Sternberg, J
Keim, P
Smith, S
Rodriguez-Ramos, J
Williamson, JL
Rocke, TE
Wagner, DM
AF Busch, Joseph D.
Van Andel, Roger
Stone, Nathan E.
Cobble, Kacy R.
Nottingham, Roxanne
Lee, Judy
VerSteeg, Michael
Corcoran, Jeff
Cordova, Jennifer
Van Pelt, William
Shuey, Megan M.
Foster, Jeffrey T.
Schupp, James M.
Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen
Beckstrom-Sternberg, James
Keim, Paul
Smith, Susan
Rodriguez-Ramos, Julia
Williamson, Judy L.
Rocke, Tonle E.
Wagner, David M.
TI THE INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE MAY BE IMPORTANT FOR SURVIVING PLAGUE IN WILD
GUNNISON'S PRAIRIE DOGS
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Aubrey Valley; innate immunity; plague resistance; prairie dog; Yersinia
pestis
ID MOUSE ONYCHOMYS-LEUCOGASTER; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; YERSINIA-PESTIS;
PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; UNITED-STATES; MICE;
CONSUMPTION; RESISTANCE; INFECTION
AB Prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) are highly susceptible to Yersinia pestis, with >= 99% mortality reported from multiple studies of plague epizootics. A colony of Gunnison's prairie dogs (Cynomys gunnisoni) in the Aubrey Valley (AV) of northern Arizona appears to have survived several regional epizootics of plague, whereas nearby colonies have been severely affected by Y. pestis. To examine potential mechanisms accounting for survival in the AV colony, we conducted a laboratory Y. pestis challenge experiment on 60 wild-caught prairie dogs from AV and from a nearby, large colony with frequent past outbreaks of plague, Espee (n=30 per colony). Test animals were challenged subcutaneously with the fully virulent Y. pestis strain CO92 at three doses: 50, 5,000, and 50,000 colony-forming units (cfu); this range is lethal in black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). Contrary to our expectations, only 40% of the animals died. Although mortality trended higher in the Espee colony (50%) compared with AV (30%), the differences among infectious doses were not statistically significant. Only 39% of the survivors developed moderate to high antibody levels to Y. pestis, indicating that mechanisms other than humoral immunity are important in resistance to plague. The ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes was not correlated with plague survival in this study. However, several immune proteins with roles in innate immunity (VCAM-1, CXCL-1, and vWF) were upregulated during plague infection and warrant further inquiry into their role for protection against this disease. These results suggest plague resistance exists in wild populations of the Gunnison's prairie dog and provide important directions for future studies.
C1 [Busch, Joseph D.; Stone, Nathan E.; Cobble, Kacy R.; Nottingham, Roxanne; Lee, Judy; VerSteeg, Michael; Shuey, Megan M.; Foster, Jeffrey T.; Keim, Paul; Wagner, David M.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Van Andel, Roger] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Corcoran, Jeff; Cordova, Jennifer] Black Footed Ferret Project, Seligman, AZ 86337 USA.
[Van Pelt, William] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA.
[Schupp, James M.; Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen; Beckstrom-Sternberg, James; Keim, Paul] Translat Genom Res Inst North, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Smith, Susan; Rodriguez-Ramos, Julia; Williamson, Judy L.; Rocke, Tonle E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Wagner, DM (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, POB 4073, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM David.Wagner@nau.edu
OI Foster, Jeffrey/0000-0001-8235-8564; Rocke, Tonie/0000-0003-3933-1563
FU AZGFD; Pacific Southwest Regional Center of Excellence [AI065359]
FX We thank the Arizona Game and Fish Department for help with field
collections of prairie dogs. Jeff Freiser of Rules Based Medicine
provided assistance with Rodent-MAP. This work was funded by the AZGFD
and the Pacific Southwest Regional Center of Excellence (AI065359). Use
of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 55
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 37
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 4
BP 920
EP 931
DI 10.7589/2012-08-209
PG 12
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 241WM
UT WOS:000326199400014
PM 24502719
ER
PT J
AU Cross, TA
Arsnoe, DM
Minnis, RB
King, DT
Swafford, S
Pedersen, K
Owen, JC
AF Cross, Tiffanie A.
Arsnoe, D. M.
Minnis, R. B.
King, D. T.
Swafford, S.
Pedersen, K.
Owen, J. C.
TI PREVALENCE OF AVIAN PARAMYXOVIRUS 1 AND AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS IN
DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS (PHALACROCORAX AURITUS) IN EASTERN NORTH
AMERICA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Avian influenza virus; avian paramyxovirus-1; Double-crested Cormorants;
Great Lakes region; Newcastle disease; Phalacrocorax auritus;
seroprevalence
ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE-VIRUS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; UNITED-STATES; WILD
BIRDS; A VIRUS; CHICKENS; ANTIBODY; SASKATCHEWAN; MIGRATION; PATTERNS
AB Although it is well established that wild birds, such as cormorants, carry virulent avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1; causative agent of Newcastle disease) and avian influenza virus (ATV), the prevalence of these viruses among Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) in the Great Lakes region of North America has not been rigorously studied. We determined the prevalences of APMV-1 and AIV in Double-crested Cormorants from the interior population of eastern North America. From 2009 to 2011, oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs and serum samples were collected from 1,957 individual Double-crested Cormorants, ranging from chicks to breeding adults, on breeding colony sites in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Mississippi, USA, and Ontario, Canada, as well as on the wintering grounds of migratory populations in Mississippi, USA. Prevalence of antibodies to APMV-1 in after hatch year birds was consistently high across all three years, ranging from 86.3% to 91.6%. Antibody prevalences in chicks were much lower: 1.7, 15.3, and 16.4% in 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively. Virulent APMV-1 was detected in six chicks sampled in 2010 in Ontario, Canada. Only one adult was positive for AIV-specific antibodies and five individuals were positive for AIV matrix protein, but the latter were negative for H5 and H7 AIV subtypes. We provide further evidence that Double-crested Cormorants play an important role in the maintenance and circulation of APMV-1 in the wild, but are unlikely to be involved in the circulation of AIV.
C1 [Cross, Tiffanie A.; Arsnoe, D. M.; Owen, J. C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Cross, Tiffanie A.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Point Adams Res Stn, Hammond, OR 97121 USA.
[Arsnoe, D. M.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Okemos, MI 48864 USA.
[Minnis, R. B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Conservat Training Ctr, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA.
[King, D. T.] Mississippi State Univ, USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv,Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Mississippi F, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Swafford, S.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Columbia, MO 65202 USA.
[Pedersen, K.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Owen, J. C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Owen, JC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 13 Nat Resources Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM owenj@msu.edu
FU USDA-APHIS Wildlife Services through the Berryman Institute
FX Funding was provided by the USDA-APHIS Wildlife Services through the
Berryman Institute to J.C.O. and R.B.M. The following individuals
provided field, laboratory, and/or logistical support: T. Aderman, C.
Barattini, F. Cunningham, S. Elbin, S. Elliot, P. Fioranelli, K.
Hanson-Dorr, L. Heyens, E. Johnston, J. Landgraf, S. Lemmons, S.
Lockhart, D. Marks, J. McNulty, M. Meeker, D. Moore, B. Muter, A.
Nakamura, E. Olsen, J. Pedersen, S. Privett, N. Spa la, C. Weseloh, and
A. Wise.
NR 55
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 17
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 4
BP 965
EP 977
DI 10.7589/2012-06-164
PG 13
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 241WM
UT WOS:000326199400019
PM 24502724
ER
PT J
AU Fletcher, RJ
Revell, A
Reichert, BE
Kitchens, WM
Dixon, JD
Austin, JD
AF Fletcher, Robert J., Jr.
Revell, Andre
Reichert, Brian E.
Kitchens, Wiley M.
Dixon, Jeremy D.
Austin, James D.
TI Network modularity reveals critical scales for connectivity in ecology
and evolution
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPATIAL GENETIC-VARIATION; RANA-CATESBEIANA; LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY;
FRAGMENTED LANDSCAPE; MATRIX RESISTANCE; COMPLEX NETWORKS; GRAPH-THEORY;
CACTUS BUGS; HABITAT; POPULATIONS
AB For nearly a century, biologists have emphasized the profound importance of spatial scale for ecology, evolution and conservation. Nonetheless, objectively identifying critical scales has proven incredibly challenging. Here we extend new techniques from physics and social sciences that estimate modularity on networks to identify critical scales for movement and gene flow in animals. Using four species that vary widely in dispersal ability and include both mark-recapture and population genetic data, we identify significant modularity in three species, two of which cannot be explained by geographic distance alone. Importantly, the inclusion of modularity in connectivity and population viability assessments alters conclusions regarding patch importance to connectivity and suggests higher metapopulation viability than when ignoring this hidden spatial scale. We argue that network modularity reveals critical meso-scales that are probably common in populations, providing a powerful means of identifying fundamental scales for biology and for conservation strategies aimed at recovering imperilled species.
C1 [Fletcher, Robert J., Jr.; Revell, Andre; Reichert, Brian E.; Austin, James D.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Kitchens, Wiley M.] Univ Florida, US Geol Survey, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Dixon, Jeremy D.] Crocodile Lake Natl Wildlife Refuge, Key Largo, FL 33037 USA.
RP Fletcher, RJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, POB 110430,110 Newins Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM robert.fletcher@ufl.edu
OI Austin, James/0000-0003-0643-8620; Fletcher, Robert/0000-0003-1717-5707
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; US
Geological Survey; National Science Foundation [DEB-1343144]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, the US Geological Survey and the National
Science Foundation (DEB-1343144). Any use of trade, product or findings
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
US Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish
and Wildlife Service. We thank M. A. Acevedo, J.J. Fontaine, J. Orrock
and J. Resasco for comments. We thank D. Tuss for line drawings of the
species.
NR 64
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 8
U2 75
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 4
AR 2572
DI 10.1038/ncomms3572
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 245NM
UT WOS:000326470400016
PM 24096937
ER
PT J
AU Graham, J
Young, N
Jarnevich, CS
Newman, G
Evangelista, P
Stohlgren, TJ
AF Graham, Jim
Young, Nick
Jarnevich, Catherine S.
Newman, Greg
Evangelista, Paul
Stohlgren, Thomas J.
TI The Hyper-Envelope Modeling Interface (HEMI): A Novel Approach
Illustrated Through Predicting Tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) Habitat in the
Western USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Habitat suitability modeling; Species distribution modeling; Tamarix;
Tamarisk; Species niche; Bezier curves
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES;
DISTRIBUTIONS; SUITABILITY; AUSTRALIA; INVASION; MAPS
AB Habitat suitability maps are commonly created by modeling a species' environmental niche from occurrences and environmental characteristics. Here, we introduce the hyper-envelope modeling interface (HEMI), providing a new method for creating habitat suitability models using Bezier surfaces to model a species niche in environmental space. HEMI allows modeled surfaces to be visualized and edited in environmental space based on expert knowledge and does not require absence points for model development. The modeled surfaces require relatively few parameters compared to similar modeling approaches and may produce models that better match ecological niche theory. As a case study, we modeled the invasive species tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) in the western USA. We compare results from HEMI with those from existing similar modeling approaches (including BioClim, BioMapper, and Maxent). We used synthetic surfaces to create visualizations of the various models in environmental space and used modified area under the curve (AUC) statistic and akaike information criterion (AIC) as measures of model performance. We show that HEMI produced slightly better AUC values, except for Maxent and better AIC values overall. HEMI created a model with only ten parameters while Maxent produced a model with over 100 and BioClim used only eight. Additionally, HEMI allowed visualization and editing of the model in environmental space to develop alternative potential habitat scenarios. The use of Bezier surfaces can provide simple models that match our expectations of biological niche models and, at least in some cases, out-perform more complex approaches.
C1 [Graham, Jim] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Young, Nick; Newman, Greg; Evangelista, Paul] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Jarnevich, Catherine S.; Stohlgren, Thomas J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Graham, J (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
EM James.Graham@humboldt.edu
RI Evangelista, Paul/D-2315-2016
FU National Science Foundation [OCI-0636210]; USDA CSREES/NRI
[2008-35615-04666]
FX This was a cooperative study between Colorado State University's Natural
Resource Ecology Laboratory and the USGS Fort Collins Science Center.
Funding for this work was provided by a grant from the National Science
Foundation (#OCI-0636210). Thomas Stohlgren's contribution was partially
supported by USDA CSREES/NRI 2008-35615-04666. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We also wish to thank Tom
Hobbs for his instruction on the goals and methods for ecological
modeling. HEMI was created within the BlueSpray application which is the
property of SchoonerTurtles, Inc. To obtain a copy of BlueSpray, please
contact Jim Graham at jimg@schoonerturtles.com.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
EI 1432-1009
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 4
BP 929
EP 938
DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0144-3
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 221CB
UT WOS:000324633900013
PM 23959261
ER
PT J
AU Cox, BS
Guy, CS
Fredenberg, WA
Rosenthal, LR
AF Cox, B. S.
Guy, C. S.
Fredenberg, W. A.
Rosenthal, L. R.
TI Baseline demographics of a non-native lake trout population and
inferences for suppression from sensitivity-elasticity analyses
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE demographics; elasticity; matrix model; Salvelinus namaycush;
sensitivity; suppression
ID SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; BULL TROUT; MICHIGAN WATERS; GROWTH RATE;
DYNAMICS; MANAGEMENT; SUPERIOR; REPRODUCTION; DISPLACEMENT; CONSERVATION
AB Abstract
Management agencies in several western states of the United States are implementing suppression programmes to control non-native lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum), for the conservation of native species. This study was implemented to ascertain the population demographics of an expanding lake trout population and use those data to construct an age-structured model to inform suppression efforts. Population projection matrices were used to model population growth and identify age or stage classes with the greatest influence on population growth. The size and age structure of lake trout sampled was skewed towards juveniles, indicating strong recruitment and a growing population. Matrix-model simulations corroborated the observed size and age structure, as the lake trout population was predicted to grow exponentially (lambda = 1.35, 95% CL: 1.25-1.43) with no suppression efforts. Elasticity analysis of matrix models indicated the relative contribution of survival rates to population growth among immature age classes was equal from age 0 to age at first maturity, but immature survival rates contributed more than adult survival and fertility rates. These results emphasise the importance of targeting juvenile lake trout for suppression efforts during exponential growth in recently established populations.
C1 [Cox, B. S.] Fish & Wildlife Management Program, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Guy, C. S.] US Geol Survey, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Fish & Wildlife Management Program, Bozeman, MT USA.
[Fredenberg, W. A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Creston, MT USA.
[Rosenthal, L. R.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Kalispell, MT USA.
RP Cox, BS (reprint author), Fish & Wildlife Ecol & Management Program, Dept Ecol, 301 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM benjamin.s.cox@state.or.us
FU Montana State University [28-06]; Montana State University; US
Geological Survey; Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks
FX Thanks to R. Lindahl, N. Peterson, M. Gjukis, S. Hawxhurst, D. Daniels,
R. Hunt and S. Glutting for their field assistance and to B. Gresswell
and J. Rotella for their constructive review of earlier drafts of the
manuscript. Reference to trade names does not constitute endorsement by
the US Government. This study was performed under the auspices of
Montana State University protocol number 28-06. The Montana Cooperative
Fishery Research Unit is jointly sponsored by Montana State University,
Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, and the US Geological Survey.
NR 61
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 11
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0969-997X
EI 1365-2400
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 20
IS 5
BP 390
EP 400
DI 10.1111/fme.12024
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 216XJ
UT WOS:000324319800002
ER
PT J
AU Hinojosa-Huerta, O
Nagler, PL
Carrillo-Guererro, YK
Glenn, EP
AF Hinojosa-Huerta, Osvel
Nagler, Pamela L.
Carrillo-Guererro, Yamilett K.
Glenn, Edward P.
TI Reprint of: Effects of drought on birds and riparian vegetation in the
Colorado River Delta, Mexico
SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Drought; Riparian habitats; Riparian obligate birds; Floods; Climate
change; Tamarix; Populus; Salix
ID HABITAT; RESTORATION; CLIMATE; BASIN
AB The riparian corridor in the delta of the Colorado River in Mexico supports internationally important bird habitat. The vegetation is maintained by surface flows from the U.S. and Mexico and by a high, non-saline aquifer into which the dominant phreatophytic shrubs and trees are rooted. We studied the effects of a regional drought on riparian vegetation and avian abundance and diversity from 2002 to 2007, during which time surface flows were markedly reduced compared to the period from 1995 to 2002. Reduced surface flows led to a reduction in native tree cover but an increase in shrub cover, mostly due to an increase in saltcedar (Tamarix spp.), an introduced halophytic shrub, and a reduction in cottonwood (Populus fremontii) and willow (Salix gooddingii) trees. However, overall vegetation cover was unchanged at about 70%. Overall bird density and diversity were also unchanged, but riparian-obligate species tended to decrease in abundance, and generalist species increased. Although reduction in surface flows reduced habitat value and negatively impacted riparian-obligate bird species, portions of the riparian zone exhibited resilience. Surface flows are required to reduce soil salt levels and germinate new cohorts of native trees, but the main source of water supporting this ecosystem is the aquifer, derived from underflows from irrigated fields in the U.S. and Mexico. The long-term prospects for delta riparian habitats are uncertain due to expected reduced flows of river water from climate change, and land use practices that will reduce underflows to the riparian aquifer and increase salinity levels. Active restoration programs would be needed if these habitats are to be preserved for the future. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hinojosa-Huerta, Osvel] Pronatura Noroeste, San Luis Rio Colorado 83440, Sonora, Mexico.
[Nagler, Pamela L.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA.
[Carrillo-Guererro, Yamilett K.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA.
[Glenn, Edward P.] Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA.
RP Glenn, EP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, 1601 East Airport Dr, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA.
EM ohinojosa@pronatura-noroeste.org; eglenn@ag.arizona.edu
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-8574
EI 1872-6992
J9 ECOL ENG
JI Ecol. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 59
BP 104
EP 110
DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.01.001
PG 7
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering
GA 235VY
UT WOS:000325750400011
ER
PT J
AU Mexicano, L
Nagler, PL
Zamora-Arrroyo, F
Glenn, EP
AF Mexicano, Lourdes
Nagler, Pamela L.
Zamora-Arrroyo, Francisco
Glenn, Edward P.
TI Vegetation dynamics in response to water inflow rates and fire in a
brackish Typha domingensis Pers. marsh in the delta of the Colorado
River, Mexico
SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Emergent wetland; Cattail marsh; Brackish; Fire effects; Quickbird;
MODIS; Remote sensing
ID RALLUS-LONGIROSTRIS-YUMANENSIS; DE-SANTA-CLARA; CROP COEFFICIENTS; NDVI
DATA; WETLAND; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; CIENEGA; SALINITY; SONORA; COVER
AB The Cienega de Santa Clara is a 5600 ha, anthropogenic wetland in the delta of the Colorado River in Mexico. It is the inadvertent creation of the disposal of brackish agricultural waste water from the U.S. into the intertidal zone of the river delta in Mexico, but has become an internationally important wetland for resident and migratory water birds. We used high resolution Quickbird and WorldView-2 images to produce seasonal vegetation maps of the Cienega before, during and after a test run of the Yuma Desalting Plant, which will remove water from the inflow stream and replace it with brine. We also used moderate resolution, 16-day composite NDVI imagery from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) sensors on the Terra satellite to determine the main factors controlling green vegetation density over the years 2000-2011. The marsh is dominated by Typha domingensis Pers. with Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud. as a sub-dominant species in shallower marsh areas. The most important factor controlling vegetation density was fire. Spring fires in 2006 and 2011 were followed by much more rapid green-up of T. domingensis in late spring and 30% higher peak summer NDVI values compared to non-fire years (P < 0.001). Fires removed thatch and returned nutrients to the water, resulting in more vigorous vegetation growth compared to non-fire years. The second significant (P < 0.01) factor controlling NDVI was flow rate of agricultural drain water from the U.S. into the marsh. Reduced summer flows in 2001 due to canal repairs, and in 2010 during the YDP test run, produced the two lowest NDVI values of the time series from 2000 to 2011 (P < 0.05). Salinity is a further determinant of vegetation dynamics as determined by greenhouse experiments, but was nearly constant over the period 2000-2011, so it was not a significant variable in regression analyses. It is concluded that any reduction in inflow volumes will result in a linear decrease in green foliage density in the marsh. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mexicano, Lourdes; Glenn, Edward P.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
[Nagler, Pamela L.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
[Zamora-Arrroyo, Francisco] Sonoran Inst, Tucson, AZ 85701 USA.
[Zamora-Arrroyo, Francisco] Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
RP Mexicano, L (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
EM cliomex@yahoo.com
NR 38
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-8574
EI 1872-6992
J9 ECOL ENG
JI Ecol. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 59
BP 167
EP 175
DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.06.046
PG 9
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering
GA 235VY
UT WOS:000325750400017
ER
PT J
AU Glenn, EP
Mexicano, L
Garcia-Hernandez, J
Nagler, PL
Gomez-Sapiens, MM
Tang, DW
Lomeli, MA
Ramirez-Hernandez, J
Zamora-Arroyo, F
AF Glenn, Edward P.
Mexicano, Lourdes
Garcia-Hernandez, Jaqueline
Nagler, Pamela L.
Gomez-Sapiens, Martha M.
Tang, Dawei
Lomeli, Marcelo A.
Ramirez-Hernandez, Jorge
Zamora-Arroyo, Francisco
TI Evapotranspiration and water balance of an anthropogenic coastal desert
wetland: Responses to fire, inflows and salinities
SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Cattail; Common reed; MODIS; Remote sensing; Wetland water budget;
Salinity; Colorado River delta
ID ENHANCED VEGETATION INDEX; REMOTE-SENSING METHODS; COLORADO RIVER DELTA;
RALLUS-LONGIROSTRIS-YUMANENSIS; WESTERN US RIVERS; DE-SANTA-CLARA;
RIPARIAN EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; CROP COEFFICIENTS; PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS;
EMPIRICAL ALGORITHM
AB Evapotranspiration (ET) and other water balance components were estimated for Cienega de Santa Clara, an anthropogenic brackish wetland in the delta of the Colorado River in Mexico. The marsh is in the Biosphere Reserve of the Upper Gulf of California and Delta of the Colorado River, and supports a high abundance and diversity of wildlife. Over 95% of its water supply originates as agricultural drain water from the USA, sent for disposal in Mexico. This study was conducted from 2009 to 2011, before, during and after a trial run of the Yuma Desalting Plant in the USA, which will divert water from the wetland and replace it with brine from the desalting operation. The goal was to estimate the main components in the water budget to be used in creating management scenarios for this marsh. We used a remote sensing algorithm to estimate ET from meteorological data and Enhanced Vegetation Index values from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) sensors on the Terra satellite. ET estimates from the MODIS method were then compared to results from a mass balance of water and salt inflows and outflows over the study period. By both methods, mean annual ET estimates ranged from 2.6 to 3.0 mm d(-1), or 50 to 60% of reference ET (ETo). Water entered at a mean salinity of 2.6 g L-1 TDS and mean salinity in the wetland was 3.73 g L-1 TDS over the 33 month study period. Over an annual cycle, 54% of inflows supported ET while the rest exited the marsh as outflows; however, in winter when ET was low, up to 90% of the inflows exited the marsh. An analysis of ET estimates over the years 2000-2011 showed that annual ET was proportional to the volume of inflows, but was also markedly stimulated by fires. Spring fires in 2006 and 2011 burned off accumulated thatch, resulting in vigorous growth of new leaves and a 30% increase in peak summer ET compared to non-fire years. Following fires, peak summer ET estimates were equal to ETo, while in non-fire years peak ET was equal to only one-half to two-thirds of ETo. Over annual cycles, estimated ET was always lower than ETo, because T. domingensis is dormant in winter and shades the water surface, reducing direct evaporation. Thus, ET of a Typha marsh is likely to be less than an open water surface under most conditions. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Glenn, Edward P.; Mexicano, Lourdes; Gomez-Sapiens, Martha M.; Tang, Dawei] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Garcia-Hernandez, Jaqueline] Ctr Invest Alimentac & Desarrollo AC, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
[Nagler, Pamela L.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Lomeli, Marcelo A.; Ramirez-Hernandez, Jorge] Univ Baja California, Ist Ingn, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
[Zamora-Arroyo, Francisco] Sonoran Inst, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Glenn, EP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM eglenn@ag.arizona.edu
FU Central Arizona Water District, Metropolitan Water District of Southern
California; Southern Nevada Water Authority; Comision Nacional De Areas
Naturales Protegidas and Instituto Nacional de Ecologia
FX Funding provided by Central Arizona Water District, Metropolitan Water
District of Southern California, Southern Nevada Water Authority,
Comision Nacional De Areas Naturales Protegidas and Instituto Nacional
de Ecologia.
NR 57
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-8574
EI 1872-6992
J9 ECOL ENG
JI Ecol. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 59
BP 176
EP 184
DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.06.043
PG 9
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering
GA 235VY
UT WOS:000325750400018
ER
PT J
AU Watson, CC
Holmes, RR
Biedenharn, DS
AF Watson, Chester C.
Holmes, Robert R., Jr.
Biedenharn, David S.
TI Mississippi River Streamflow Measurement Techniques at St. Louis,
Missouri
SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Mississippi River; Flow measurement; Streamflow; Missouri; Rivers;
Mississippi River; Flow measurement
AB Streamflow measurement techniques of the Mississippi River at St. Louis have changed through time (1866-present). In addition to different methods used for discrete streamflow measurements, the density and range of discrete measurements used to define the rating curve (stage versus streamflow) have also changed. Several authors have utilized published water surface elevation (stage) and streamflow data to assess changes in the rating curve, which may be attributed to be caused by flood control and/or navigation structures. The purpose of this paper is to provide a thorough review of the available flow measurement data and techniques and to assess how a strict awareness of the limitations of the data may affect previous analyses. It is concluded that the pre-1930s discrete streamflow measurement data are not of sufficient accuracy to be compared with modern streamflow values in establishing long-term trends of river behavior.
C1 [Watson, Chester C.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA.
[Watson, Chester C.] Biedenharn Grp LLC, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA.
[Holmes, Robert R., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Rolla, MO 65401 USA.
[Biedenharn, David S.] Biedenharn Grp LLC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
RP Watson, CC (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, 1917 Cottonwood Point Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA.
EM chester@chestercwatson.com; bholmes@usgs.gov; biedenharngroup@yahoo.com
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; U.S. Geological Survey
FX The research reported herein was partially supported by the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers and the U.S. Geological Survey. The authors
gratefully acknowledge this support. However, the findings and
conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of these organizations.
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 7
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9429
EI 1943-7900
J9 J HYDRAUL ENG
JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 10
BP 1062
EP 1070
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000752
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 218XG
UT WOS:000324465400005
ER
PT J
AU Oyler-McCance, SJ
Valdez, EW
O'Shea, TJ
Fike, JA
AF Oyler-McCance, Sara J.
Valdez, Ernest W.
O'Shea, Thomas J.
Fike, Jennifer A.
TI Genetic characterization of the Pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura
semicaudata rotensis) using mitochondrial DNA sequence data
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE 12S ribosomal RNA; control region; cytochrome b; Emballonura
semicaudata; genetic diversity; genetic structure; mitochondrial DNA;
Pacific sheath-tailed bat; phylogenetic analysis
ID NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS; CHIROPTERA EMBALLONURIDAE; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD;
NATURAL-HISTORY; NUCLEAR-DNA; AGUIGUAN; AMPLIFICATION; DIVERSITY;
EVOLUTION; MIGRATION
AB Emballonura semicaudata occurs in the southwestern Pacific and populations on many islands have declined or disappeared. One subspecies (E. semicaudata rotensis) occurs in the Northern Mariana Islands, where it has been extirpated from all but 1 island (Aguiguan). We assessed genetic similarity between the last population of E. s. rotensis and 2 other subspecies, and examined genetic diversity on Aguiguan. We sampled 12 E. s. rotensis, sequenced them at 3 mitochondrial loci, and compared them with published sequences from 2 other subspecies. All 12 E. s. rotensis had identical sequences in each of the 3 regions. Using cytochrome-b (Cytb) data E. s. rotensis was sister to E. s. palauensis in a clade separate from E. s. semicaudata. 12S ribosomal RNA (12S) sequences grouped all E. s. semicaudata in 1 clade with E. s. rotensis in a clade by itself. Genetic distances among the 3 subspecies at Cytb were smallest between E. s. palauensis and E. s. rotensis. Distance between E. s. semicaudata and the other 2 subspecies was not different from the distance between E. s. semicaudata and the full species E. raffrayana. A similar relationship was found using the 12S data. These distances are larger than those typically reported for mammalian subspecies using Cytb sequence and within the range of sister species.
C1 [Oyler-McCance, Sara J.; O'Shea, Thomas J.; Fike, Jennifer A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Valdez, Ernest W.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol MSC03 2020, US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr,Arid Lands Field Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Oyler-McCance, SJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM soyler@usgs.gov
FU United States Navy through United States Fish and Wildlife Service;
United States Navy through United States Geological Survey
FX We are grateful to F. Bonaccorso, G. Camacho, J. Camacho, R. Camacho, T.
Castro, D. Evangelista, M. Gorresen, E. Masga, F. Muna, J. Omar, M.
Palacios, J. Salas, and P. Stevens for their help on Aguiguan and for
ensuring safety in the field. G. Wiles provided guidance and
companionship in the field and critical background information. S.
Igisomar of the Division of Fish and Wildlife facilitated work in 2008,
carried out under the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
Scientific Research Permit 01048-08. Helpful comments on the manuscript
were provided by A. L. Russell. Funding for fieldwork was provided by
the United States Navy through an interagency agreement with the United
States Fish and Wildlife Service and United States Geological Survey,
facilitated by C. Kessler. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in
this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the United States Government.
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 12
PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-2372
EI 1545-1542
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 5
BP 1030
EP 1036
DI 10.1644/13-MAMM-A-006.1
PG 7
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 238NU
UT WOS:000325955500005
ER
PT J
AU Matthews, SM
Higley, JM
Finn, JT
Rennie, KM
Thompson, CM
Purcell, KL
Sweitzer, RA
Haire, SL
Sievert, PR
Fuller, TK
AF Matthews, Sean M.
Higley, J. Mark
Finn, John T.
Rennie, Kerry M.
Thompson, Craig M.
Purcell, Kathryn L.
Sweitzer, Rick A.
Haire, Sandra L.
Sievert, Paul R.
Fuller, Todd K.
TI An evaluation of a weaning index for wild fishers (Pekania [Martes]
pennanti) in California
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE fisher; nipple size; Pekania [Martes] pennanti; reproduction; teat size;
weaning index
ID ACTIVITY PATTERNS; AGREEMENT; MODELS
AB Conservation concern for fishers (Pekania [Martes] pennanti) in the Pacific states has highlighted a need to develop cost-effective methods of monitoring reproduction in extant and reintroduced fisher populations. We evaluated the efficacy of nipple size as a predictive index of weaning success for females with known reproductive histories from 3 study areas in California. We captured and radiocollared 91 female fishers on 146 occasions between 2004 and 2011 and measured the width and height of all 4 nipples and quantified reproductive status via radiotelemetry. We classified each radiomarked female into 1 of 3 reproductive classes (nonbreeders, attempted breeders, and current breeders) based on our telemetry observations during the den season prior to capture. We used a modified random forests (RF) procedure to account for repeated measures of individual females sampled in multiple years. Our modified RF procedure correctly classified reproductive class for 130 (89%) and 131(90%) of our 146 observations using raw and weighted vote totals, respectively. We calculated Cohen's kappa of 0.80 and 0.81 using raw and weighted vote totals, respectively, indicating strong model performance. We conclude that nipple sizes of female fishers measured during a livetrapping effort can be used as a cost-effective index of the weaning rates of adult female fishers.
C1 [Matthews, Sean M.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Hoopa, CA 95546 USA.
[Higley, J. Mark; Rennie, Kerry M.] Hoopa Tribal Forestry, Dept Wildlife, Hoopa, CA 95546 USA.
[Finn, John T.; Haire, Sandra L.; Fuller, Todd K.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Thompson, Craig M.; Purcell, Kathryn L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Fresno, CA 93710 USA.
[Sweitzer, Rick A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Bass Lake, CA 93604 USA.
[Sievert, Paul R.] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Matthews, SM (reprint author), Wildlife Conservat Soc, POB 368, Hoopa, CA 95546 USA.
EM smatthews@wcs.org
RI Purcell, Kathryn/S-2592-2016
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service Tribal Wildlife Grants Program;
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Region 5; United
States Department of Agriculture Forest Service
FX Data collection on the Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation was supported by
the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Tribal Wildlife Grants
Program. We thank the following for field assistance: S. T. Bogle, J. E.
Brownlee, E. M. Creel, C. M. Cummins, M. W. Gabriel, T. F. Godfrey, P.
C. Halpin, N. R. Hutchins, R. P. Jackson, M. W. Kotschwar, S. D.
LaPoint, P. Lincoln, D. V. Masters, D. McCovey, K. T. Mellon, K. M.
Moriarty, C. H. Myers, M. D. Palumbo, K. A. Penderson, A. J. Pole, R. V.
Schlexer, S. H. Van Arb, S. M. Wadham, and G. M. Wengert. Funding
support for the KRFP was provided by the United States Department of
Agriculture Forest Service Region 5. The KRFP is particularly thankful
for field assistance from J. Banazack, D. Drynan, G. Colligan, J. Gamer,
R. Green, N. Hebert, Z. Miller, B. Nichols, S. Rossler, T. Smith, and G.
Watts. Funding support for the SNAMP fisher research was provided under
a cooperative agreement with the United States Department of Agriculture
Forest Service. More than 40 research technicians, volunteers, and
pilots have provided invaluable assistance trapping, handling, and
locating fishers during the study. The SNAMP research is particularly
thankful for long-term support from R. Barrett, J. Litton, C. O'Brien,
and A. Otto. We also thank Journal of Mammalogy reviewers R. D. Weir and
K. M. Slauson as well as M. J. Jordan for their comments on this
manuscript.
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 11
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-2372
EI 1545-1542
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 5
BP 1161
EP 1168
DI 10.1644/12-MAMM-A-249.1
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 238NU
UT WOS:000325955500019
ER
PT J
AU Eng, K
Wolock, DM
Carlisle, DM
AF Eng, Ken
Wolock, David M.
Carlisle, Daren M.
TI River flow changes related to land and water management practices across
the conterminous United States
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Flow change; Human; Land use change; Urbanization; Dams; Agriculture
ID ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; STREAMFLOW CHANGES;
URBAN-DEVELOPMENT; RANDOM FORESTS; BASIN; USA; URBANIZATION; DAMS;
CLASSIFICATION
AB The effects of land and water management practices (LWMP)-such as the construction of dams and roads on river flows typically have been studied at the scale of single river watersheds or for a single type of LWMP. For the most part, assessments of the relative effects of multiple LWMP within many river watersheds across regional and national scales have been lacking. This study assesses flow alteration quantified as deviation of several flow metrics from natural conditions at 4196 gauged rivers affected by a variety of LWMP across the conterminous United States. The most widespread causes of flow changes among the LWMP considered were road density and dams. Agricultural development and wastewater discharges also were associated with flow changes in some regions. Dams generally reduced most attributes of flow, whereas road density, agriculture and wastewater discharges tended to be associated with increased flows compared to their natural condition. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Eng, Ken] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Wolock, David M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Assessment Program, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
[Carlisle, Daren M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Assessment Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Eng, K (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,Mail Stop 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM keng@usgs.gov; dwolock@usgs.gov; dcarlisle@usgs.gov
NR 57
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 463
BP 414
EP 422
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.001
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 236WW
UT WOS:000325831200048
PM 23827362
ER
PT J
AU Brennan, ST
Lowenstein, TK
Cendon, DI
AF Brennan, Sean T.
Lowenstein, Tim K.
Cendon, Dioni I.
TI THE MAJOR-ION COMPOSITION OF CENOZOIC SEAWATER: THE PAST 36 MILLION
YEARS FROM FLUID INCLUSIONS IN MARINE HALITE
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Seawater chemistry; fluid inclusions; Cenozoic; paleo-seawater; secular
variation; evaporites; major-ion composition
ID STRONTIUM ISOTOPE STRATIGRAPHY; HIGH-RESOLUTION STRATIGRAPHY;
X-RAY-MICROANALYSIS; SECULAR VARIATION; EVAPORITE BASINS; SEA-LEVEL;
LATE MIOCENE; LORCA BASIN; LONG-TERM; HYDROLOGICAL EVOLUTION
AB Fluid inclusions from ten Cenozoic (Eocene-Miocene) marine halites are used to quantify the major-ion composition (Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, Na+, SO42-, and Cl-) of seawater over the past 36 My. Criteria used to determine a seawater origin of the halites include: (1) stratigraphic, sedimentologic, and paleontologic observations; (2) Br- in halite; (3) delta S-34 of sulfate minerals; (4) Sr-87/Sr-86 of carbonates and sulfates; and (5) fluid inclusion brine compositions and evaporation paths, which must overlap from geographically separated basins of the same age to confirm a "global" seawater chemical signal.
Changes in the major-ion chemistry of Cenozoic seawater record the end of a systematic, long term (>150 My) shift from the Ca2+-rich, Mg2+- and SO42--poor seawater of the Mesozoic ("CaCl2 seas") to the "MgSO4 seas" (with higher Mg2+ and SO42- >Ca2+) of the Cenozoic. The major ion composition of Cenozoic seawater is calculated for the Eocene-Oligocene (36-34 Ma), Serravallian-Tortonian (13.5-11.8 Ma) and the Messinian (6-5 Ma), assuming chlorinity (565 mmolal), salinity, and the K+ concentration (11 mmolal) are constant and the same as in modern seawater. Fluid inclusions from Cenozoic marine halites show that the concentrations of Mg2+ and SO42- have increased in seawater over the past 36 My and the concentration of Ca2+ has decreased. Mg2+ concentrations increased from 36 mmolal in Eocene-Oligocene seawater (36-34 Ma) to 55 mmolal in modern seawater. The Mg2+/Ca2+ ratio of seawater has risen from similar to 2.3 at the end of the Eocene, to 3.4 and 4.0, respectively, at 13.5 to 11.8 Ma and 6 to 5 Ma, and to Sin modern seawater.
Eocene-Oligocene seawater (36-34 Ma) has estimated ranges of SO42- = 14-23 mmolal and Ca2+ = 11-20 mmolal. If the (Ca2+)(SO42-) product is assumed to be the same as in modern seawater (similar to 300 mmolal(2)), Eocene-Oligocene seawater had Ca2+ similar to 16 mmolal and SO42- similar to 19 mmolal. The same estimates of Ca2+ and SO42- for Serravallian-Tortonian seawater (13.5-11.8 Ma) are SO42- = 19-27 mmolal and Ca2+ = 8-16 mmolal and SO42- similar to 24 mmolal and Ca2+ similar to 13 mmolal if the (Ca2+) (SO42-) product is equal to that in modern seawater. Messinian seawater has an estimated range of SO42- similar to 21-29 mmolal and Ca2+ similar to 7-15 mmolal with SO42- similar to 26 mmolal and Ca2+ similar to 12 mmolal assuming the (Ca2+) (SO42-) product is equal to that in modern seawater. Regardless of the estimation procedure, SO42- shows progressively increasing concentrations from 36 Ma to the present values, which are the highest of the Cenozoic.
C1 [Brennan, Sean T.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Lowenstein, Tim K.] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Geol Sci & Environm Studies, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Cendon, Dioni I.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
[Cendon, Dioni I.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
RP Brennan, ST (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, MS 956,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM sbrennan@usgs.gov
RI Cendon, Dioni/B-9556-2012
OI Cendon, Dioni/0000-0002-3275-1939
NR 114
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 40
PU AMER JOURNAL SCIENCE
PI NEW HAVEN
PA YALE UNIV, PO BOX 208109, NEW HAVEN, CT 06520-8109 USA
SN 0002-9599
EI 1945-452X
J9 AM J SCI
JI Am. J. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 313
IS 8
BP 713
EP 775
DI 10.2475/08.2013.01
PG 63
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 234TM
UT WOS:000325667200001
ER
PT J
AU Ruthrauff, DR
Dekinga, A
Gill, RE
Summers, RW
Piersma, T
AF Ruthrauff, D. R.
Dekinga, A.
Gill, R. E., Jr.
Summers, R. W.
Piersma, T.
TI Ecological correlates of variable organ sizes and fat loads in the most
northerly wintering shorebirds
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE
LA English
DT Article
DE energetics; lipid stores; Purple Sandpiper; Calidris maritima; Rock
Sandpiper; Calidris ptilocnemis; storage strategies; temperature
effects; thermogenesis
ID SANDPIPERS CALIDRIS-MARITIMA; BODY-MASS REGULATION; PURPLE SANDPIPERS;
ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; SOUTHEAST SCOTLAND; RAPTOR PREDATION;
SEASONAL-CHANGES; SEVERE WEATHER; STOPOVER SITE; SYLVIA-BORIN
AB Shorebirds at northern latitudes during the nonbreeding season typically carry relatively large lipid stores and exhibit an up-regulation of lean tissues associated with digestion and thermogenesis. Intraspecific variation in these tissues across sites primarily reflects differences in environmental conditions. Rock (Calidris ptilocnemis (Coues, 1873)) and Purple (Calidris maritima (Brunnich, 1764)) sandpipers are closely related species having the most northerly nonbreeding distributions among shorebirds, living at latitudes up to 61 degrees N in Cook Inlet, Alaska, and up to similar to 71 degrees N in northern Norway, respectively. Cook Inlet is the coldest known site used by nonbreeding shorebirds, and the region's mudflats annually experience extensive coverage of foraging sites by sea and shore-fast ice. Accordingly, Rock Sandpipers increase their fat stores to nearly 20% of body mass during winter. In contrast, Purple Sandpipers exploit predictably ice-free rocky intertidal foraging sites and maintain low (<6.5%) fat stores. Rock Sandpipers increase the mass of lean tissues from fall to winter, including contour feathers, stomach, and liver components. They also have greater lean pectoralis and supracoracoideus muscle and liver and kidney tissues compared with Purple Sandpipers in winter. This demonstrates a combined emphasis on digestive processes and thermogenesis, whereas Purple Sandpipers primarily augment organs associated with digestive processes. The high winter fat loads and increased lean tissues of Rock Sandpipers in Cook Inlet reflect the region's persistent cold and abundant but sporadically unavailable food resources.
C1 [Ruthrauff, D. R.; Gill, R. E., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Ruthrauff, D. R.; Dekinga, A.; Piersma, T.] NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.
[Piersma, T.] Univ Groningen, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Studies, Anim Ecol Grp, NL-9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands.
RP Ruthrauff, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM druthrauff@usgs.gov
RI Piersma, Theunis/D-1871-2012
NR 91
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 27
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4301
EI 1480-3283
J9 CAN J ZOOL
JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 91
IS 10
BP 698
EP 705
DI 10.1139/cjz-2013-0070
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 231RJ
UT WOS:000325434800003
ER
PT J
AU Link, WA
AF Link, William A.
TI A cautionary note on the discrete uniform prior for the binomial N
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE abundance; Bayesian analysis; binomial; data augmentation; N estimation;
priors
ID MARK-RECAPTURE; MODELS
AB Analysis of wildlife data frequently involves estimation of population size N based on binomial counts. Bayesian analysts often use a constant prior for N, the choice motivated by a desire to avoid an informative prior, and to let the data speak for themselves. For instance, data augmentation methods for model M-h posit a super-population of size M >> N with individual detection probabilities z(i)p(i), with p(i) sampled from a parametric family of interest, and z(i) an indicator of membership in the target population; thus, N = Sigma(i)z(i). Treating z(i) as independent Bernoulli trials with success rate and assigning a uniform prior to is equivalent to assigning a discrete uniform prior for N on {0,1,2, ... , M}; by setting M large enough, analysts approximate the improper constant prior on the positive integers. In this paper, I demonstrate some paradoxical and plainly unacceptable features of the constant prior. These defects are not shared by the scale prior, which has been recommended for its good performance as measured by frequentist criteria. I show how the scale prior can be approximated in program OpenBUGS, including data augmentation applications for individual covariates.
C1 USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Link, WA (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM wlink@usgs.gov
NR 21
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 10
BP 2173
EP 2179
DI 10.1890/13-0176.1
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 235CN
UT WOS:000325692900009
PM 24358703
ER
PT J
AU Walters, AW
Sagrario, MDG
Schindler, DE
AF Walters, Annika W.
Gonzalez Sagrario, Maria de los Angeles
Schindler, Daniel E.
TI Species- and community-level responses combine to drive phenology of
lake phytoplankton
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; Lake Washington; phenology; phytoplankton
ID RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPRING PHYTOPLANKTON; TEMPERATE LAKE; HERBIVORES;
DYNAMICS; MODEL
AB Global change is leading to shifts in the seasonal timing of growth and maturation for primary producers. Remote sensing is increasingly used to measure the timing of primary production in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, but there is often a poor correlation between these results and direct observations of life-history responses of individual species. One explanation may be that, in addition to phenological shifts, global change is also causing shifts in community composition among species with different seasonal timing of growth and maturation. We quantified how shifts in species phenology and in community composition translated into phenological change in a diverse phytoplankton community from 1962 to 2000. During this time, the aggregate community spring-summer phytoplankton peak has shifted 63 days earlier. The mean taxon shift was only 3 days earlier, and shifts in taxa phenology explained only 40% of the observed community phenological shift. The remaining community shift was attributed to dominant early-season taxa increasing in abundance while a dominant late-season taxon decreased in abundance. In diverse producer communities experiencing multiple stressors, changes in species composition must be considered to fully understand and predict shifts in the seasonal timing of primary production.
C1 [Walters, Annika W.] Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept 3166, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Gonzalez Sagrario, Maria de los Angeles] Univ Nacl Mar del Plata, CONICET, Inst Invest Marinas & Costeras IIMyC, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
[Schindler, Daniel E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Walters, AW (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept 3166, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM annika.walters@uwyo.edu
FU NSF [DBI-1003038]; Fundacion Antorchas; Andrew Mellon Foundation;
National Science Foundation; H. Mason Keeler professorship; Harriet
Bullitt professorship
FX We thank S. E. B. Abella for identifying phytoplankton, W. T. Edmondson
for developing the long-term sampling program on Lake Washington, K.
Gerow and R. Anderson-Sprecher for statistical advice, and the many
people who have collected data, especially A. H. Litt. A. Strecker, S.
Thackeray, and an anonymous reviewer provided valuable comments that
improved the manuscript. A. W. Walters was supported by an NSF
bioinformatics postdoctoral fellowship (DBI-1003038), and M. A. Gonzalez
Sagrario by a Fundacion Antorchas postdoctoral fellowship. Long-term
funding for the Lake Washington sampling program has been supported by
the Andrew Mellon Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and the
H. Mason Keeler and Harriet Bullitt professorships. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 32
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 10
BP 2188
EP 2194
DI 10.1890/13-0445.1
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 235CN
UT WOS:000325692900011
PM 24358705
ER
PT J
AU Miehls, ALJ
McAdam, AG
Bourdeau, PE
Peacor, SD
AF Miehls, Andrea L. J.
McAdam, Andrew G.
Bourdeau, Paul E.
Peacor, Scott D.
TI Plastic response to a proxy cue of predation risk when direct cues are
unreliable
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bythotrephes longimanus; gape-limited predation; inducible defense;
invasive species; maternal effects; phenotypic plasticity; proxy cue;
temperature
ID AGE-0 YELLOW PERCH; INDUCED PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; DEPENDENT SEX
DETERMINATION; SOUTHWESTERN LAKE-MICHIGAN; LIFE-HISTORY SHIFTS;
BYTHOTREPHES-LONGIMANUS; DAPHNIA-LUMHOLTZI; ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE;
SELECTIVE PREDATION; INDUCIBLE DEFENSES
AB Responses to proximate cues that directly affect fitness or cues directly released by selective agents are well-documented forms of phenotypic plasticity. For example, to reduce predation risk, prey change phenotype in response to light level (e.g., moon phase) when light affects predation risk from visual predators, and to chemical cues (kairomones) released by predators. Less well understood is the potential for organisms to perceive predation risk through proxy cues: proximate cues that correlate with, but do not directly affect predation risk. Previous field studies indicate that body and spine length of an invasive cladoceran in Lake Michigan, Bythotrephes longimanus (the spiny water flea), increase during the growing season, coincident with a decrease in clutch size. Although the cause of seasonal trait changes is not known, changes are associated with warmer water temperature and increased predation risk from gape-limited fish (i.e., fish whose ability to consume Bythotrephes is limited by mouth size). Using a laboratory experiment, we found no effect of fish (Perca flavescens) kairomones on Bythotrephes morphology or life history. In contrast, higher water temperature led to longer absolute spine and body length, increased investment in morphological defense of offspring (measured as the ratio of spine-to-body length), and decreased clutch size and age at reproduction. These plastic responses are unlikely to be adaptive to temperature per se, but rather our findings indicate that temperature serves as a proxy cue of fish predation risk. Temperature correlates with risk of gape-limited fish predation due to growth of fish from larval stages incapable of consuming Bythotrephes early in the season, to larger sizes by midseason increasingly capable of consuming Bythotrephes, but limited by gape size to consuming smaller individuals. We argue that for Bythotrephes, temperature is a more reliable cue of predation risk than fish kairomones, because fish kairomones are present throughout the season due to continual presence of non-gape-limited adult fish, to which plastic response would have little effect. Organisms may, therefore, not only respond to changes in an environmental factor because the factor directly affects risk, but also when the environmental factor serves as a proxy signaling change in predation risk.
C1 [Miehls, Andrea L. J.; Bourdeau, Paul E.; Peacor, Scott D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Miehls, Andrea L. J.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[McAdam, Andrew G.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Miehls, ALJ (reprint author), USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
EM amiehls@glfc.org
RI McAdam, Andrew/G-1802-2010
OI McAdam, Andrew/0000-0001-7323-2572
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission; National Science Foundation
[DEB-0089809]; EPA [FP91698801-0]; Michigan Agricultural Experiment
Station
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for thorough and helpful comments.
Dennis Donahue and Andrew Yagiela provided support with research vessels
and field work. Steven Pothoven and Doran Mason provided direction and
consultation on Lake Michigan ecology as well as assistance with
research facilities. Brittany Damschroder, Lydia Kramer, Monica Lucas,
Ian McCririe, Scott Miehls, Veronica Quesnell, Emily Reed, Alexandra
Sookhai, Ben Staton, Marie Stevenson, and Brandon Vieder helped to
collect data. Jason Fischer, Natalie Kim, Kevin Pangle, Kim Schulz, and
Peder Yurista provided valuable help with Bythotrephes culturing
protocols. Scott Miehls and Andria Salas provided additional
methodological assistance. We thank Carla Caceres and Doug Schemske for
rigorous discussions of results of this study, and Christian Laforsch
and Quirin Herzog for additional experimental investigation into our
findings. This work was supported by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission,
the National Science Foundation (DEB-0089809), and an EPA Science to5
Achieve Results fellowship (Agreement No. FP91698801-0). This work has
not been formally reviewed by the EPA and the views expressed in this
document are solely those of the authors. S. D. Peacor acknowledges
support from the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station. This is
contribution number 1666 of the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research
Laboratory.
NR 58
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PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 10
BP 2237
EP 2248
DI 10.1890/12-2250.1
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 235CN
UT WOS:000325692900016
PM 24358710
ER
PT J
AU Zeglin, LH
Bottomley, PJ
Jumpponen, A
Rice, CW
Arango, M
Lindsley, A
McGowan, A
Mfombep, P
Myrold, DD
AF Zeglin, L. H.
Bottomley, P. J.
Jumpponen, A.
Rice, C. W.
Arango, M.
Lindsley, A.
McGowan, A.
Mfombep, P.
Myrold, D. D.
TI Altered precipitation regime affects the function and composition of
soil microbial communities on multiple time scales
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE microbial activity; microbial C use efficiency; microbial ecology;
precipitation timing; soil biomass; soil C storage; soil respiration;
soil water
ID DRYING-REWETTING FREQUENCY; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; RAINFALL
VARIABILITY; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; EXTRACTION METHOD; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
CARBON INPUT; CO2 FLUX; NITROGEN; BIOMASS
AB Climate change models predict that future precipitation patterns will entail lower-frequency but larger rainfall events, increasing the duration of dry soil conditions. Resulting shifts in microbial C cycling activity could affect soil C storage. Further, microbial response to rainfall events may be constrained by the physiological or nutrient limitation stress of extended drought periods; thus seasonal or multiannual precipitation regimes may influence microbial activity following soil wet-up. We quantified rainfall-driven dynamics of microbial processes that affect soil C loss and retention, and microbial community composition, in soils from a long-term (14-year) field experiment contrasting Ambient and Altered (extended intervals between rainfalls) precipitation regimes. We collected soil before, the day following, and five days following 2.5-cm rainfall events during both moist and dry periods (June and September 2011; soil water potential = -0.01 and -0.83 MPa, respectively), and measured microbial respiration, microbial biomass, organic matter decomposition potential (extracellular enzyme activities), and microbial community composition (phospholipid fatty acids). The equivalent rainfall events caused equivalent microbial respiration responses in both treatments. In contrast, microbial biomass was higher and increased after rainfall in the Altered treatment soils only, thus microbial C use efficiency (CUE) was higher in Altered than Ambient treatments (0.70 +/- 0.03 > 0.46 +/- 0.10). CUE was also higher in dry (September) soils. C-acquiring enzyme activities (-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, and phenol oxidase) increased after rainfall in moist (June), but not dry (September) soils. Both microbial biomass C:N ratios and fungal:bacterial ratios were higher at lower soil water contents, suggesting a functional and/or population-level shift in the microbiota at low soil water contents, and microbial community composition also differed following wet-up and between seasons and treatments. Overall, microbial activity may directly (C respiration) and indirectly (enzyme potential) reduce soil organic matter pools less in drier soils, and soil C sequestration potential (CUE) may be higher in soils with a history of extended dry periods between rainfall events. The implications include that soil C loss may be reduced or compensated for via different mechanisms at varying time scales, and that microbial taxa with better stress tolerance or growth efficiency may be associated with these functional shifts.
C1 [Zeglin, L. H.; Bottomley, P. J.; Lindsley, A.; Myrold, D. D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Bottomley, P. J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Jumpponen, A.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Rice, C. W.; Arango, M.; McGowan, A.; Mfombep, P.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Zeglin, LH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM lydia.zeglin@oregonstate.edu
RI Myrold, David/E-1813-2011
OI Myrold, David/0000-0001-6418-226X
FU NSF; DOE [DE-SC0004953]
FX Thanks to all RaMPs and Konza Biological Station and Long Term
Ecological Research program infrastructure and personnel, particularly,
John Blair, Patrick O'Neal, and Jeff Taylor. Thanks to Maria Dragila and
Nathaniel Tisdell for assistance with the soil water release curve, and
to Shawn P. Brown, Spencer Lickteig, Anne Rigdon, and Patricia Zarate
for their assistance in collecting and processing the field samples.
Thanks to John Blair for constructive feedback on the manuscript, and to
two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful and substantive comments.
This is contribution no. 13-332-J from the Kansas Agricultural
Experiment Station. The RaMPs project is supported in part by an NSF
grant to the Konza Prairie Long-Term Ecological Research program. This
research was funded by DOE Contract No. DE-SC0004953.
NR 59
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U2 215
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 10
BP 2334
EP 2345
DI 10.1890/12-2018.1
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 235CN
UT WOS:000325692900024
PM 24358718
ER
PT J
AU Tango, PJ
Batiuk, RA
AF Tango, Peter J.
Batiuk, Richard A.
TI DERIVING CHESAPEAKE BAY WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Chesapeake Bay; water quality standards; dissolved oxygen; water
clarity; chlorophyll a; water quality criteria
ID SUBMERSED AQUATIC VEGETATION; BIOMASS; DEPTH
AB Achieving and maintaining the water quality conditions necessary to protect the aquatic living resources of the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries has required a foundation of quantifiable water quality criteria. Quantitative criteria serve as a critical basis for assessing the attainment of designated uses and measuring progress toward meeting water quality goals of the Chesapeake Bay Program partnership. In 1987, the Chesapeake Bay Program partnership committed to defining the water quality conditions necessary to protect aquatic living resources. Under section 303(c) of the Clean Water Act, States and authorized tribes have the primary responsibility for adopting water quality standards into law or regulation. The Chesapeake Bay Program partnership worked with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to develop and publish a guidance framework of ambient water quality criteria with designated uses and assessment procedures for dissolved oxygen, water clarity, and chlorophyll a for Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries in 2003. This article reviews the derivation of the water quality criteria, criteria assessment protocols, designated use boundaries, and their refinements published in six addendum documents since 2003 and successfully adopted into each jurisdiction's water quality standards used in developing the Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Load.
C1 [Tango, Peter J.] US Geol Survey, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
[Batiuk, Richard A.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
RP Tango, PJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, 410 Severn Ave,Suite 307, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
EM ptango@chesapeakebay.net
NR 45
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Z9 4
U1 4
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 5
BP 1007
EP 1024
DI 10.1111/jawr.12108
PG 18
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 227YW
UT WOS:000325152600003
ER
PT J
AU Claggett, PR
Irani, FM
Thompson, RL
AF Claggett, Peter R.
Irani, Frederick M.
Thompson, Renee L.
TI ESTIMATING THE EXTENT OF IMPERVIOUS SURFACES AND TURF GRASS ACROSS LARGE
REGIONS
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE impervious surface; turf grass; land cover; Chesapeake Bay
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; LAND-COVER DATABASE; POPULATION; TREE;
INTERPOLATION; WATERSHEDS; PATTERN; AREA
AB The ability of researchers to accurately assess the extent of impervious and pervious developed surfaces, e.g., turf grass, using land-cover data derived from Landsat satellite imagery in the Chesapeake Bay watershed is limited due to the resolution of the data and systematic discrepancies between developed land-cover classes, surface mines, forests, and farmlands. Estimates of impervious surface and turf grass area in the Mid-Atlantic, United States that were based on 2006 Landsat-derived land-cover data were substantially lower than estimates based on more authoritative and independent sources. New estimates of impervious surfaces and turf grass area derived using land-cover data combined with ancillary information on roads, housing units, surface mines, and sampled estimates of road width and residential impervious area were up to 57 and 45% higher than estimates based strictly on land-cover data. These new estimates closely approximate estimates derived from authoritative and independent sources in developed counties.
C1 [Claggett, Peter R.; Irani, Frederick M.; Thompson, Renee L.] US Geol Survey, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
RP Claggett, PR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 410 Severn Ave,Suite 112, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
EM pclaggett@usgs.gov
NR 51
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U1 2
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 5
BP 1057
EP 1077
DI 10.1111/jawr.12110
PG 21
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 227YW
UT WOS:000325152600006
ER
PT J
AU Dudley, RW
Hodgkins, GA
AF Dudley, Robert W.
Hodgkins, Glenn A.
TI HISTORICAL GROUNDWATER TRENDS IN NORTHERN NEW ENGLAND AND RELATIONS WITH
STREAMFLOW AND CLIMATIC VARIABLES
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE groundwater hydrology; time-series analysis; climate variability;
change; streamflow; surface water; groundwater interactions; wells
ID LONG-TERM PERSISTENCE; CLIMATOLOGY NETWORK; UNITED-STATES;
PRECIPITATION; HYDROLOGY; IMPACT; TIME; FLOW
AB Water-level trends spanning 20, 30, 40, and 50years were tested using month-end groundwater levels in 26, 12, 10, and 3 wells in northern New England (Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont), respectively. Groundwater levels for 77 wells were used in interannual correlations with meteorological and hydrologic variables related to groundwater. Trends in the contemporary groundwater record (20 and 30years) indicate increases (rises) or no substantial change in groundwater levels in all months for most wells throughout northern New England. The highest percentage of increasing 20-year trends was in February through March, May through August, and October through November. Forty-year trend results were mixed, whereas 50-year trends indicated increasing groundwater levels. Whereas most monthly groundwater levels correlate strongly with the previous month's level, monthly levels also correlate strongly with monthly streamflows in the same month; correlations of levels with monthly precipitation are less frequent and weaker than those with streamflow. Groundwater levels in May through August correlate strongly with annual (water year) streamflow. Correlations of groundwater levels with streamflow data and the relative richness of 50- to 100-year historical streamflow data suggest useful proxies for quantifying historical groundwater levels in light of the relatively short and fragmented groundwater data records presently available.
C1 [Dudley, Robert W.; Hodgkins, Glenn A.] USGS, New England Water Sci Ctr, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
RP Dudley, RW (reprint author), USGS, New England Water Sci Ctr, 196 Whitten Rd, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
EM rwdudley@usgs.gov
FU USGS Groundwater Resources Program
FX This study was supported by the USGS Groundwater Resources Program. The
authors thank William Cunningham, Kevin Dennehy, Thomas Mack, Martha
Nielsen, Charles Schalk, James Shanley, Rodney Sheets, and two anonymous
reviewers for their valuable advice, edits, and assistance with this
work. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 43
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U1 1
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 5
BP 1198
EP 1212
DI 10.1111/jawr.12080
PG 15
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 227YW
UT WOS:000325152600015
ER
PT J
AU Rossman, S
Barros, NB
Ostrom, PH
Stricker, CA
Hohn, AA
Gandhi, H
Wells, RS
AF Rossman, Sam
Barros, Nelio B.
Ostrom, Peggy H.
Stricker, Craig A.
Hohn, Aleta A.
Gandhi, Hasand
Wells, Randall S.
TI Retrospective analysis of bottlenose dolphin foraging: A legacy of
anthropogenic ecosystem disturbance
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Tursiops truncatus; bottlenose dolphin; stable isotopes; foraging
ecology; seagrass; nutrient loading
ID STABLE-ISOTOPES; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS; SOUTHWEST
FLORIDA; FISH COMMUNITIES; SARASOTA BAY; CARBON; TEETH; FOOD;
FRACTIONATION
AB We used stable isotope analysis to investigate the foraging ecology of coastal bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in relation to a series of anthropogenic disturbances. We first demonstrated that stable isotopes are a faithful indicator of habitat use by comparing muscle isotope values to behavioral foraging data from the same individuals. C-13 values increased, while S-34 and N-15 values decreased with the percentage of feeding observations in seagrass habitat. We then utilized stable isotope values of muscle to assess temporal variation in foraging habitat from 1991 to 2010 and collagen from tooth crown tips to assess the time period 1944 to 2007. From 1991 to 2010, C-13 values of muscle decreased while S-34 values increased indicating reduced utilization of seagrass habitat. From 1944 to 1989 C-13 values of the crown tip declined significantly, likely due to a reduction in the coverage of seagrass habitat and N-15 values significantly increased, a trend we attribute to nutrient loading from a rapidly increasing human population. Our results demonstrate the utility of using marine mammal foraging habits to retrospectively assess the extent to which anthropogenic disturbance impacts coastal food webs.
C1 [Rossman, Sam; Ostrom, Peggy H.; Gandhi, Hasand] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Barros, Nelio B.; Wells, Randall S.] Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zool Soc, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
[Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hohn, Aleta A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Rossman, S (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM rossmans@msu.edu
RI Hohn, Aleta/G-2888-2011
OI Hohn, Aleta/0000-0002-9992-7062
FU National Science Foundation [0802267]; Marine Mammal Commission
[E4047334]
FX Thanks to C. Gulbransen (USGS) for conducting the sulfur isotope
analyses and Yun-Jia Lo (Michigan State University) for statistical
consulting. We are indebted to the efforts of Nelio Barros who provided
samples and the inspiration for this work. Nathaniel Ostrom (Michigan
State University), Jay Leverone and Mark Alderson (Sarasota Bay Estuary
Program) as well as David Tomasko provided discussions that improved
this manuscript. Samples from live dolphins were collected under a
series of National Marine Fisheries Service Scientific Research Permits
since 1984 and Mote Marine Laboratory IACUC approvals. Sample collection
from Sarasota Bay resident dolphins was supported by Dolphin Quest,
Earthwatch Institute, Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund, National
Marine Fisheries Service, The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and
the International Whaling Commission. This material is based upon work
supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research
Fellowship under Grant No. (0802267) as well as Marine Mammal Commission
Contract #E4047334. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government, Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zoological Society or Michigan
State University.
NR 48
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U1 5
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP 705
EP 718
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00618.x
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800023
ER
PT J
AU Wells, RS
Bordino, P
Douglas, DC
AF Wells, Randall S.
Bordino, Pablo
Douglas, David C.
TI Patterns of social association in the franciscana, Pontoporia
blainvillei
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; SARASOTA; BEHAVIOR; CETACEA;
FLORIDA
C1 [Wells, Randall S.] Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zool Soc, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
[Bordino, Pablo] Fdn Aquamarina CECIM, RA-7167 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Douglas, David C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Juneau Field Stn, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Wells, RS (reprint author), Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zool Soc, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
EM rwells@mote.org
FU Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund; Dolphin Quest; Fundacion Vida
Silvestre Argentina; Chicago Zoological Society
FX We are grateful to the Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund, Dolphin
Quest, Fundacion Vida Silvestre Argentina, and the Chicago Zoological
Society for support of this project. Martin Mendez provided genetic data
on relationships between individual dolphins. The capture-release work
could not have been accomplished without the dedicated efforts of the
AquaMarina team, as well as Aaron Barleycorn and Jason Allen of the
Sarasota Dolphin Research Program. The veterinary services of Diego
Albareda, Andrew Stamper, and Don Neiffer were much appreciated. Thanks
to Leigh Klatsky Alexander for guidance on tag data analyses, to
Katherine McHugh for map preparation, and to Katherine McHugh, Craig
Stricker, and Brian Balmer for reviews of drafts. We thank Bill Scott
for his inspiration and assistance at a variety of levels over the
years. Use of trade names does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government.
NR 26
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U1 3
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP E520
EP E528
DI 10.1111/mms.12010
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800012
ER
PT J
AU Bedrosian, PA
Burgess, MK
Nishikawa, T
AF Bedrosian, Paul A.
Burgess, Matthew K.
Nishikawa, Tracy
TI Faulting and groundwater in a desert environment: constraining
hydrogeology using time-domain electromagnetic data
SO NEAR SURFACE GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSIENT; CALIFORNIA; INVERSION; OMAN
AB Within the south-western Mojave Desert, the Joshua Basin Water District is considering applying imported water into infiltration ponds in the Joshua Tree groundwater sub-basin in an attempt to artificially recharge the underlying aquifer. Scarce subsurface hydrogeological data are available near the proposed recharge site; therefore, time-domain electromagnetic (TDEM) data were collected and analysed to characterize the subsurface. TDEM soundings were acquired to estimate the depth to water on either side of the Pinto Mountain Fault, a major east-west trending strike-slip fault that transects the proposed recharge site. While TDEM is a standard technique for groundwater investigations, special care must be taken when acquiring and interpreting TDEM data in a twodimensional (2D) faulted environment. A subset of the TDEM data consistent with a layered-earth interpretation was identified through a combination of three-dimensional (3D) forward modelling and diffusion time-distance estimates. Inverse modelling indicates an offset in water table elevation of nearly 40 m across the fault. These findings imply that the fault acts as a low-permeability barrier to groundwater flow in the vicinity of the proposed recharge site. Existing production wells on the south side of the fault, together with a thick unsaturated zone and permeable near-surface deposits, suggest the southern half of the study area is suitable for artificial recharge. These results illustrate the effectiveness of targeted TDEM in support of hydrological studies in a heavily faulted desert environment where data are scarce and the cost of obtaining these data by conventional drilling techniques is prohibitive.
C1 [Bedrosian, Paul A.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Burgess, Matthew K.; Nishikawa, Tracy] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, San Diego, CA USA.
RP Bedrosian, PA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM pbedrosian@usgs.gov
FU Joshua Basin Water District; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This study was funded cooperatively by the Joshua Basin Water District
and the U.S. Geological Survey. The authors thank the Joshua Basin Water
District, P.M. Martin and J.A. Izbicki. The authors also thank M.
Goldman, U. Yaramanci, G.R. Jiracek, B.J. Minsley, L.G. Mastin and two
anonymous reviewers for their critiques of this manuscript and M. O'Hare
and G. Rust for their assistance collecting field data.
NR 38
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U1 4
U2 12
PU EUROPEAN ASSOC GEOSCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS
PI 3990 DB, HOUTEN
PA PO BOX 59, 3990 DB, HOUTEN, 00000, NETHERLANDS
SN 1569-4445
EI 1873-0604
J9 NEAR SURF GEOPHYS
JI Near Surf. Geophys.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 5
BP 545
EP 555
DI 10.3997/1873-0604.2013043
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 236GS
UT WOS:000325784100007
ER
PT J
AU Washburn, KE
Birdwell, JE
AF Washburn, Kathryn E.
Birdwell, Justin E.
TI Multivariate analysis of ATR-FTIR spectra for assessment of oil shale
organic geochemical properties
SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ROCK-EVAL PYROLYSIS; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; IR SPECTROSCOPY; C-13 NMR;
KEROGEN; CARBON; PREDICTION; MODELS
AB In this study, attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was coupled with partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis to relate spectral data to parameters from total organic carbon (TOC) analysis and programmed pyrolysis to assess the feasibility of developing predictive models to estimate important organic geochemical parameters. The advantage of ATR-FTIR over traditional analytical methods is that source rocks can be analyzed in the laboratory or field in seconds, facilitating more rapid and thorough screening than would be possible using other tools. ATR-FTIR spectra, TOC concentrations and Rock-Eval parameters were measured for a set of oil shales from deposits around the world and several pyrolyzed oil shale samples. PLSR models were developed to predict the measured geochemical parameters from infrared spectra. Application of the resulting models to a set of test spectra excluded from the training set generated accurate predictions of TOC and most Rock-Eval parameters. The critical region of the infrared spectrum for assessing S1, S2, Hydrogen Index and TOC consisted of aliphatic organic moieties (2800-3000 cm(-1)) and the models generated a better correlation with measured values of TOC and S2 than did integrated aliphatic peak areas. The results suggest that combining ATR-FTIR with PLSR is a reliable approach for estimating useful geochemical parameters of oil shales that is faster and requires less sample preparation than current screening methods. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Washburn, Kathryn E.] Weatherford Labs, Houston, TX USA.
[Birdwell, Justin E.] US Geol Survey, Cent Energy Resources Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Birdwell, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cent Energy Resources Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jbirdwell@usgs.gov
OI Birdwell, Justin/0000-0001-8263-1452
NR 32
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 33
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0146-6380
J9 ORG GEOCHEM
JI Org. Geochem.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 63
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.07.007
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 232DM
UT WOS:000325470100001
ER
PT J
AU Goodman, BJ
Guy, CS
Camp, SL
Gardner, WM
Kappenman, KM
Webb, MAH
AF Goodman, B. J.
Guy, C. S.
Camp, S. L.
Gardner, W. M.
Kappenman, K. M.
Webb, M. A. H.
TI SHOVELNOSE STURGEON SPAWNING IN RELATION TO VARYING DISCHARGE TREATMENTS
IN A MISSOURI RIVER TRIBUTARY
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE shovelnose sturgeon; Missouri River; spawning; discharge; tributary;
temperature; Teton River; Marias River
ID WHITE STURGEON; HABITAT USE; SCAPHIRHYNCHUS-PLATORYNCHUS;
ACIPENSER-TRANSMONTANUS; THREATENED FISHES; PALLID STURGEON; FLOW
REGIME; MONTANA; RESTORATION; CONSERVATION
AB Many lotic fish species use natural patterns of variation in discharge and temperature as spawning cues, and these natural patterns are often altered by river regulation. The effects of spring discharge and water temperature variation on the spawning of shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus have not been well documented. From 2006 through 2009, we had the opportunity to study the effects of experimental discharge levels on shovelnose sturgeon spawning in the lower Marias River, a regulated tributary to the Missouri River in Montana. In 2006, shovelnose sturgeon spawned in the Marias River in conjunction with the ascending, peak (134 m(3)/s) and descending portions of the spring hydrograph and water temperatures from 16 degrees C to 19 degrees C. In 2008, shovelnose sturgeon spawned in conjunction with the peak (118 m(3)/s) and descending portions of the spring hydrograph and during a prolonged period of increased discharge (28-39 m(3)/s), coupled with water temperatures from 11 degrees C to 23 degrees C in the lower Marias River. No evidence of shovelnose sturgeon spawning was documented in the lower Marias River in 2007 or 2009 when discharge remained low (14 and 20 m(3)/s) despite water temperatures suitable and optimal (12 degrees C-24 degrees C) for shovelnose sturgeon embryo development. A similar relationship between shovelnose sturgeon spawning and discharge was observed in the Teton River. These data suggest that discharge must reach a threshold level (28 m(3)/s) and should be coupled with water temperatures suitable (12 degrees C-24 degrees C) or optimal (16 degrees C-20 degrees C) for shovelnose sturgeon embryo development to provide a spawning cue for shovelnose sturgeon in the lower Marias River. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Goodman, B. J.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Fish & Wildlife Ecol & Management Program, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Guy, C. S.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Fish & Wildlife Ecol & Management Program, US Geol Survey,Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Camp, S. L.] US Bur Reclamat, Boise, ID USA.
[Gardner, W. M.] Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Pk, Lewistown, MT USA.
[Kappenman, K. M.; Webb, M. A. H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA.
RP Goodman, BJ (reprint author), Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Methow Field Off, Twisp, WA USA.
EM Benjamin.Goodman@dfw.wa.gov
FU Bureau of Reclamation; Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks;
USGS; [4W0965]
FX This research was funded by the Bureau of Reclamation, the Montana
Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks and the USGS. The grant number
for this research was 4W0965.
NR 54
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 8
BP 1004
EP 1015
DI 10.1002/rra.2587
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 232DJ
UT WOS:000325469700005
ER
PT J
AU Scott, ML
Auble, GT
Dixon, MD
Johnson, WC
Rabbe, LA
AF Scott, M. L.
Auble, G. T.
Dixon, M. D.
Johnson, W. Carter
Rabbe, L. A.
TI LONG-TERM COTTONWOOD FOREST DYNAMICS ALONG THE UPPER MISSOURI RIVER, USA
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE channel narrowing; cottonwood; dams; forest dynamics; GIS; Missouri
River; state and transition models; vegetation cover types
ID RIPARIAN FORESTS; MILK RIVER; MONTANA; RECRUITMENT; VEGETATION;
ESTABLISHMENT; REGENERATION; FLOODPLAIN; SURVIVAL; ALBERTA
AB The upper Missouri River bottomland in north-central Montana, USA, retains much of the physical character it had when traversed by Lewis and Clark around 1805. We used geospatial data to quantify long-term changes in the distribution of bottomland vegetation, land use patterns and channel planform for a 257-rkm segment of the Missouri River above Fort Peck Reservoir. This segment is less ecologically altered than downstream segments, but two dams completed in the mid-1950s have decreased the frequency and magnitude of floods. The area of forest is sparse because of geomorphic setting but, contrary to public perception, has remained relatively constant during the past century. However, the stability of forest area obscures its spatial and temporal dynamics. We used state and transition models to quantify fates and sources of forest during two periods: 1890s-1950s and 1950s-2006. Total forest area was 6% greater in 2006 than it was in the 1890s, largely due to reduced forest loss to erosional processes and gains related to progressive channel narrowing. Channel narrowing resulted in part from human-caused peak flow attenuation. A modified transition matrix, used to examine future steady-state conditions, projected little change in forest area; however, these projections are likely an overestimate. The extent to which 2006 forest area represents a transient adjustment to a new flow regime versus a dynamic, quasi-steady state will be determined by the long-term interplay among hydrologic factors, channel processes, water management and land use practices. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Scott, M. L.; Auble, G. T.] US Geol Survey, Ft Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Dixon, M. D.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol Sci, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA.
[Johnson, W. Carter] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Rabbe, L. A.] US Army Corps Engineers, Div Engn, Kansas City, MO 64106 USA.
RP Scott, ML (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM scottm@usgs.gov
RI Dixon, Mark/F-2641-2011
OI Dixon, Mark/0000-0002-0345-5655
FU US Army Corps of Engineers; Bureau of Land Management; US Geological
Survey
FX This work is part of a larger effort to develop basin-wide understanding
of cottonwood forest structure, composition and dynamics, funded by the
US Army Corps of Engineers. More intensive work in the Fort Benton to
Fort Peck segment was supported by the Bureau of Land Management and the
US Geological Survey. The authors thank Tammy Fancher for invaluable GIS
assistance and support. Mike Merigliano provided the repeat oblique
photograph of Iron City Island as well as many insights and productive
field days along the Missouri River. Elizabeth Peltz, Christopher Peltz,
Mike Dodrill and Lindsey Washkoviak assisted with mapping and
ground-truthing. Thanks to Pat Anderson and Leanne Hanson for helpful
reviews and to Billy Maxwell for information and insights regarding the
steamship era. Finally, thanks to Stew Rood for some time on the river.
NR 35
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 8
BP 1016
EP 1029
DI 10.1002/rra.2588
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 232DJ
UT WOS:000325469700006
ER
PT J
AU Condon, LE
Maxwell, RM
AF Condon, Laura E.
Maxwell, Reed M.
TI Implementation of a linear optimization water allocation algorithm into
a fully integrated physical hydrology model
SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Water resources; Water management; Integrated models; Groundwater
surface water interactions
ID LAND-SURFACE; GROUNDWATER DEPLETION; SOIL-MOISTURE; SUBSURFACE
HETEROGENEITY; STOCHASTIC APPROACH; LARGE-SCALE; FLOW; SIMULATIONS;
PARALLEL; KANSAS
AB Connections between groundwater and surface water are well-established and remain the focus of significant ongoing research. Within the water management community, stream-aquifer interactions are widely acknowledged and often subject to regulation. Yet, the tools most commonly used by water managers often have limited physical hydrology and a resulting inability to represent feedbacks between elements of the physical system. This paper presents the development of a water allocation module (WAM) for an integrated hydrologic model, ParFlow. The module presented here is designed to maximize the satisfaction of demand subject to a system of priorities, preferences and constraints. Because ParFlow solves the groundwater and surface water systems simultaneously, the coupled management model can explicitly incorporate groundwater surface water interactions into management decisions. Proof of concept for the new module is demonstrated for a hypothetical water management scenario, utilizing moisture dependent irrigation, in a real world basin, the Little Washita. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Condon, Laura E.; Maxwell, Reed M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Hydrol Sci & Engn Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Condon, Laura E.; Maxwell, Reed M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Condon, Laura E.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Bur Reclamat Tech Serv Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Condon, Laura E.; Maxwell, Reed M.] Colorado Sch Mines, NSF Engn Res Ctr ReNUWIt, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Condon, Laura E.; Maxwell, Reed M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Integrated Groundwater Modeling Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Condon, LE (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, 1516 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM lcondon@mymail.mines.edu; rmaxwell@mine-s.edu
RI Maxwell, Reed/D-7980-2013
OI Maxwell, Reed/0000-0002-1364-4441
FU National Science Foundation through its ReNUWIt Engineering Research
Center [NSF EEC-1028968]
FX The material presented is based on work supported by the National
Science Foundation through its ReNUWIt Engineering Research Center
(www.renuwit.org; NSF EEC-1028968).
NR 67
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 4
U2 43
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0309-1708
J9 ADV WATER RESOUR
JI Adv. Water Resour.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 60
BP 135
EP 147
DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.07.012
PG 13
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 225ZT
UT WOS:000325004500012
ER
PT J
AU Dieser, M
Foreman, CM
Jaros, C
Lisle, JT
Greenwood, M
Laybourn-Parry, J
Miller, PL
Chin, YP
McKnight, DM
AF Dieser, Markus
Foreman, Christine M.
Jaros, Christopher
Lisle, John T.
Greenwood, Mark
Laybourn-Parry, Johanna
Miller, Penney L.
Chin, Yu-Ping
McKnight, Diane M.
TI Physicochemical and biological dynamics in a coastal Antarctic lake as
it transitions from frozen to open water
SO ANTARCTIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Antarctica; microbes; seasonal transition
ID PLANKTONIC MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; MCMURDO DRY VALLEYS; INLAND WATERS;
SALINE LAKES; WINTER; PONDS; BACTERIOPLANKTON; TRANSFORMATIONS;
CHEMISTRY; BACTERIA
AB Pony Lake, at Cape Royds, Antarctica, is a shallow, eutrophic, coastal lake that freezes solid in the winter. Changes in Pony Lake's physicochemical parameters and microbial community were studied during the transition from ice to open water. Due to rising water temperatures, the progressive melt of the ice column and the gradual mixing of basal brines into the remaining water column, Pony Lake evolved physically and chemically over the course of the summer, thereby affecting the microbial community composition. Temperature, pH, conductivity, nutrients and major ion concentrations reached their maximum in January. Pony Lake was colonized by bacteria, viruses, phytoflagellates, ciliates, and a small number of rotifers. Primary and bacterial production were highest in mid-December (2.66 mg C l(-1) d(-1) and 30.5 mu g C l(-1) d(-1), respectively). A 16S rRNA gene analysis of the bacterioplankton revealed 34 unique sequences dominated by members of the beta-and gamma-proteobacteria lineages. Cluster analyses on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) banding patterns and community structure indicated a shift in the dominant members of the microbial community during the transition from winter ice, to early, and late summer lakewater. Our data demonstrate that temporal changes in physicochemical parameters during the summer months determine community dynamics and mediate changes in microbial species composition.
C1 [Dieser, Markus; Foreman, Christine M.] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Dieser, Markus; Foreman, Christine M.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Jaros, Christopher; McKnight, Diane M.] Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lisle, John T.] Ctr Coastal & Watershed Studies, USGS, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Greenwood, Mark] Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Laybourn-Parry, Johanna] Univ Bristol, Sch Geog Sci, Bristol Glaciol Ctr, Bristol BS8 1SS, Avon, England.
[Miller, Penney L.] Rose Hulman Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Terre Haute, IN 47803 USA.
[Chin, Yu-Ping] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Mendenhall Lab 285, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Dieser, Markus] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Foreman, CM (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, 366 EPS Bldg, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM cforeman@montana.edu
OI MCKNIGHT, DIANE/0000-0002-4171-1533; Foreman,
Christine/0000-0003-0230-4692
FU NSF [OPP-0338260, OPP-0338299, OPP-0338121, OPP-0338342]
FX Logistical support for this project was provided by Raytheon Polar
Services, including several volunteer field assistants that greatly
enabled our field efforts. Skilled helicopter transport came from the
pilots of Petroleum Helicopters Inc and Helicopters New Zealand. K.
Welch, A. Chiuchiolo, C. Gardner and R. van Treese of the McMurdo Dry
Valleys LTER program provided analytical support. Daniel Horn, a summer
intern with the American Indian Research Opportunities Program at MSU,
aided in image analysis. We sincerely appreciate the valuable comments
and suggestions from the reviewers, especially those of Dr Ian Hawes.
Funding for this project came from NSF OPP-0338260 to YPC, OPP-0338299
to DMM, OPP-0338121 to PM, and OPP-0338342 to CMF. Any opinions,
findings, or conclusions expressed in this material are those of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science
Foundation.
NR 42
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 19
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0954-1020
J9 ANTARCT SCI
JI Antarct. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 5
BP 663
EP 675
DI 10.1017/S0954102013000102
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 231GQ
UT WOS:000325404500007
ER
PT J
AU Valiela, I
Barth-Jensen, C
Stone, T
Crusius, J
Fox, S
Bartholomew, M
AF Valiela, Ivan
Barth-Jensen, Coralie
Stone, Thomas
Crusius, John
Fox, Sophia
Bartholomew, Megan
TI Deforestation of watersheds of Panama: nutrient retention and export to
streams
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Tropical watersheds; Forests; Pastures; Nitrogen; Phosphorus;
Evapotranspiration; Groundwater
ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; LAND-USE CHANGE; NITROGEN-FIXATION; WAQUOIT BAY;
COSTA-RICA; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; GROUNDWATER
DISCHARGE; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; VEGETATION CHANGES
AB A series of eight watersheds on the Pacific coast of Panama where conversion of mature lowland wet forest to pastures by artisanal burning provided watershed-scale experimental units with a wide range of forest cover (23, 29, 47, 56, 66, 73, 73, 91, and 92 %). We used these watersheds as a landscape-scale experiment to assess effects of degree of deforestation on within-watershed retention and hydrological export of atmospheric inputs of nutrients. Retention was estimated by comparing rainfall nutrient concentrations (volume-weighted to allow for evapotranspiration) to concentrations in freshwater reaches of receiving streams. Retention of rain-derived nutrients in these Panama watersheds averaged 77, 85, 80, and 62 % for nitrate, ammonium, dissolved organic N, and phosphate, respectively. Retention of rain-derived inorganic nitrogen, however, depended on watershed cover: retention of nitrate and ammonium in pasture-dominated watersheds was 95 and 98 %, while fully forested watersheds retained 65 and 80 % of atmospheric nitrate and ammonium inputs. Watershed forest cover did not affect retention of dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphate. Exports from more forested watersheds yielded DIN/P near 16, while pasture-dominated watersheds exported N/P near 2. The differences in magnitude of exports and ratios suggest that deforestation in these Panamanian forests results in exports that affect growth of plants and algae in the receiving stream and estuarine ecosystems. Watershed retention of dissolved inorganic nitrogen calculated from wet plus dry atmospheric deposition varied from 90 % in pasture- to 65 % in forest-dominated watersheds, respectively. Discharges of DIN to receiving waters from the watersheds therefore rose from 10 % of atmospheric inputs for pasture-dominated watersheds, to about 35 % of atmospheric inputs for fully forested watersheds. These results from watersheds with no agriculture or urbanization, but different conversion of forest to pasture by burning, show significant, deforestation-dependent retention within tropical watersheds, but also ecologically significant, and deforestation-dependent, exports that are biologically significant because of the paucity of nutrients in receiving tropical stream and coastal waters.
C1 [Valiela, Ivan; Barth-Jensen, Coralie; Bartholomew, Megan] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Stone, Thomas] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA.
[Crusius, John] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Fox, Sophia] Cape Cod Natl Seashore, Natl Pk Serv, Wellfleet, MA 02667 USA.
RP Valiela, I (reprint author), Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM ivaliela@mbl.edu
FU NSF [BIO-0842413]
FX This work was funded by NSF Grant BIO-0842413; we thank Henry L. Gholz
and Timothy K. Kratz of NSF for their support of this work. We would not
have been able to carry out the fieldwork without the availability of
the excellent resources of the Liquid Jungle Laboratory built and
operated by Jean Pigozzi and the Canales de Tierra Foundation, and we
are much indebted to the LJL staff for providing excellent support and
facilities for our work. We thank Laurence Madin, Luis Camilli, and the
Ocean Life Institute at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for
initial support and throughout the work. The support of the Woods Hole
Consortium was instrumental to facilitating work by our
inter-institutional research team. Paulina Martinetto, Rita Monteiro
Oliveira, Jane Tucker, Sarah Wilkins, Sandy Baldwin, Jim Brennan,
Katiuska Hernandez, Richard McHorney, Sam Kelsey, Ned Mueller, and Jason
Bissonette helped carry out the demanding field work involved in the
project. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original
author(s) and the source are credited.
NR 91
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 7
U2 77
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
EI 1573-515X
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 115
IS 1-3
BP 299
EP 315
DI 10.1007/s10533-013-9836-2
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 227MH
UT WOS:000325116700019
ER
PT J
AU Bazargani, F
Hale, D
Hayes, GP
AF Bazargani, Farhad
Hale, Dave
Hayes, Gavin P.
TI Tensor-Guided Fitting of Subducting Slab Depths
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOMETRY; INTERPOLATION; ZONE
AB Geophysical measurements are often acquired at scattered locations in space. Therefore, interpolating or fitting the sparsely sampled data as a uniform function of space (a procedure commonly known as gridding) is a ubiquitous problem in geophysics. Most gridding methods require a model of spatial correlation for data. This spatial correlation model can often be inferred from some sort of secondary information, which may also be sparsely sampled in space. In this paper, we present a new method to model the geometry of a subducting slab in which we use a data-fitting approach to address the problem. Earthquakes and active-source seismic surveys provide estimates of depths of subducting slabs but only at scattered locations. In addition to estimates of depths from earthquake locations, focal mechanisms of subduction zone earthquakes also provide estimates of the strikes of the subducting slab on which they occur. We use these spatially sparse strike samples and the Earth's curved surface geometry to infer a model for spatial correlation that guides a blended neighbor interpolation of slab depths. We then modify the interpolation method to account for the uncertainties associated with the depth estimates.
C1 [Bazargani, Farhad; Hale, Dave] Colorado Sch Mines, Ctr Wave Phenomena, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Hayes, Gavin P.] US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Bazargani, F (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Ctr Wave Phenomena, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM fbazarga@mines.edu; dhale@mines.edu; ghayes@usgs.gov
FU Center for Wave Phenomena at the Colorado School of Mines
FX We wish to thank Simon Luo for the helpful discussions on this paper and
Diane Witters for her instructions on revision and editing. We also
thank William Barnhart, U.S. Geological Survey, and two anonymous
reviewers for detailed comments that helped improve the manuscript. This
research was supported by the sponsors of the Center for Wave Phenomena
at the Colorado School of Mines.
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 5
BP 2657
EP 2669
DI 10.1785/0120120333
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 225TU
UT WOS:000324986700008
ER
PT J
AU Odum, JK
Stephenson, WJ
Williams, RA
von Hillebrandt-Andrade, C
AF Odum, Jack K.
Stephenson, William J.
Williams, Robert A.
von Hillebrandt-Andrade, Christa
TI VS30 and Spectral Response from Collocated Shallow, Active-, and
Passive-Source V-S Data at 27 Sites in Puerto Rico
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SHEAR-WAVE VELOCITY; SAN-FRANCISCO-BAY; GROUND-MOTION; VIRGIN-ISLANDS;
LOCAL GEOLOGY; EARTHQUAKE; CALIFORNIA; AMPLIFICATION; WASHINGTON;
SEATTLE
AB Shear-wave velocity (VS) and time-averaged shear-wave velocity to 30 m depth (VS30) are the key parameters used in seismic site response modeling and earthquake engineering design. Where VS data are limited, available data are often used to develop and refine map-based proxy models of VS30 for predicting ground-motion intensities. In this paper, we present shallow VS data from 27 sites in Puerto Rico. These data were acquired using a multimethod acquisition approach consisting of noninvasive, collocated, active-source body-wave (refraction/reflection), active-source surface wave at nine sites, and passive-source surface-wave refraction microtremor (ReMi) techniques. VS-versus-depth models are constructed and used to calculate spectral response plots for each site. Factors affecting method reliability are analyzed with respect to site-specific differences in bedrock VS and spectral response. At many but not all sites, body-and surface-wave methods generally determine similar depths to bedrock, and it is the difference in bedrock VS that influences site amplification. The predicted resonant frequencies for the majority of the sites are observed to be within a relatively narrow bandwidth of 1-3.5 Hz. For a first-order comparison of peak frequency position, predictive spectral response plots from eight sites are plotted along with seismograph instrument spectra derived from the time series of the 16 May 2010 Puerto Rico earthquake. We show how a multimethod acquisition approach using collocated arrays compliments and corroborates VS results, thus adding confidence that reliable site characterization information has been obtained.
C1 [Odum, Jack K.; Stephenson, William J.; Williams, Robert A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[von Hillebrandt-Andrade, Christa] NOAA NWS CTWP, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
RP Odum, JK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 25046,MS-966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
FU Puerto Rico Seismic Network; Puerto Rico Strong Motion Program
FX We wish to thank Eugenio Asencio, the students from the University of
Puerto Rico-Mayaguez geophysics and engineering classes, and the staff
of PRSN-Mayaguez for their generous contributions of time, effort, and
enthusiasm during the data acquisition phase of this study. Without
their efforts in the field, let alone the endurance of long van rides
and early morning departures on weekends, the collection of data would
have been far less enjoyable! The U.S. Geological Survey also would like
to recognize the financial support provided by Puerto Rico Seismic
Network and Puerto Rico Strong Motion Program, which made this two year
study possible. The authors would like to thank Dan McNamara, Alan Yong,
and Chuck Mueller, who provided constructive recommendations that have
improved this manuscript. We also wish to thank two anonymous reviewers
for their comments and constructive recommendations. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
represent a product endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 56
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U1 0
U2 6
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 5
BP 2709
EP 2728
DI 10.1785/0120120349
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 225TU
UT WOS:000324986700012
ER
PT J
AU Lienkaemper, JJ
Barry, GR
Smith, FE
Mello, JD
McFarland, FS
AF Lienkaemper, James J.
Barry, G. Robert
Smith, Forrest E.
Mello, Joseph D.
McFarland, Forrest S.
TI The Greenville Fault: Preliminary Estimates of Its Long-Term Creep Rate
and Seismic Potential
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; HAYWARD FAULT; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; EARTHQUAKES; SLIP;
SYSTEM
AB Once assumed to be locked, we show that the northern third of the Greenville fault (GF) creeps at 2 mm/yr, based on 47 yr of trilateration net data. This northern GF creep rate equals its 11 ka slip rate, suggesting a low strain accumulation rate. In 1980, the GF, easternmost strand of the San Andreas fault system east of San Francisco Bay, produced an M-w 5.8 earthquake with a 6 km surface rupture and dextral slip growing to >= 2 cm on cracks over a few weeks. Trilateration shows a 10 cm post-1980 transient slip ending in 1984. Analysis of 2000-2012 crustal velocities on continuous Global Positioning System stations, allows creep rates of similar to 2 mm/yr on the northern GF, 0-1 mm/yr on the central GF, and similar to 0 mm/yr on its southern third. Modeled depth ranges of creep along the GF allow 5%-25% aseismic release. Greater locking in the southern two-thirds of the GF is consistent with paleoseismic evidence there for large late Holocene ruptures. Because the GF lacks large (> 1 km) discontinuities likely to arrest higher (similar to 1 m) slip ruptures, we expect full-length (54 km) ruptures to occur that include the northern creeping zone. We estimate sufficient strain accumulation on the entire GF to produce Mw 6.9 earthquakes with a mean recurrence of similar to 575 yr. While the creeping 16 km northern part has the potential to produce an M-w 6.2 event in 240 yr, it may rupture in both moderate (1980) and large events. These two-dimensional-model estimates of creep rate along the southern GF need verification with small aperture surveys.
C1 [Lienkaemper, James J.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Barry, G. Robert; Smith, Forrest E.; Mello, Joseph D.] Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[McFarland, Forrest S.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Geosci, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
RP Lienkaemper, JJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS977,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jlienk@usgs.gov; rbarry@water.ca.gov; forrests@water.ca.gov;
melloj@water.ca.gov; forrestmcf@hotmail.com
FU U.S. Geological Survey's National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program
[9939-0KR02, G10AC00139]
FX The U.S. Geological Survey's National Earthquake Hazard Reduction
Program funded this investigation: 9939-0KR02 (USGS) and G10AC00139 (San
Francisco State University). We appreciate the advice from Jerry Svarc
to implement the Global Positioning System velocities cleaned using
methods designed by John Langbein. Patient guidance and kind assistance
from Jim Savage was essential for our modeling of the velocity field
expected near a creeping fault. Bob Simpson kindly ran an independent
model of the central transect to provide a check on our velocity
computations. We thank Tom Sawyer for useful discussions and for
providing updated information on his paleoseismic investigations on the
Greenville Fault. Reviews by Dave Ponce, Jerry Svarc, and two anonymous
reviewers greatly improved the manuscript.
NR 29
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PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 5
BP 2729
EP 2738
DI 10.1785/0120120169
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 225TU
UT WOS:000324986700013
ER
PT J
AU Hough, SE
AF Hough, Susan E.
TI Spatial Variability of "Did You Feel It?" Intensity Data: Insights into
Sampling Biases in Historical Earthquake Intensity Distributions
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID MISSISSIPPI VALLEY EARTHQUAKES; MODIFIED MERCALLI INTENSITIES; STABLE
CONTINENTAL REGIONS; SEISMIC MOMENT ASSESSMENT; GROUND-MOTION;
MAGNITUDE; LOCATION; ATTENUATION; CALIFORNIA; CHARLESTON
AB Recent parallel development of improved quantitative methods to analyze intensity distributions for historical earthquakes and of web-based systems for collecting intensity data for modern earthquakes provides an opportunity to reconsider not only important individual historical earthquakes but also the overall characterization of intensity distributions for historical events. The focus of this study is a comparison between intensity distributions of historical earthquakes with those from modern earthquakes for which intensities have been determined by the U. S. Geological Survey "Did You Feel It?" (DYFI) website (see Data and Resources). As an example of a historical earthquake, I focus initially on the 1843 Marked Tree, Arkansas, event. Its magnitude has been previously estimated as 6.0-6.2. I first reevaluate the macroseismic effects of this earthquake, assigning intensities using a traditional approach, and estimate a preferred magnitude of 5.4. Modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) values for the Marked Tree earthquake are higher, on average, than those from the 2011 M-w 5.8 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake for distances <= 500 km but comparable or lower on average at larger distances, with a smaller overall felt extent. Intensity distributions for other moderate historical earthquakes reveal similar discrepancies; the discrepancy is also even more pronounced using earlier published intensities for the 1843 earthquake. I discuss several hypotheses to explain the discrepancies, including the possibility that intensity values associated with historical earthquakes are commonly inflated due to reporting/sampling biases. A detailed consideration of the DYFI intensity distribution for the Mineral earthquake illustrates how reporting and sampling biases can account for historical earthquake intensity biases as high as two intensity units and for the qualitative difference in intensity distance decays for modern versus historical events. Thus, intensity maps for historical earthquakes tend to imply more widespread damage patterns than are revealed by intensity distributions of modern earthquakes of comparable magnitude. However, intensity accounts of historical earthquakes often include fragmentary accounts suggesting long-period shaking effects that will likely not be captured fully in historical intensity distributions.
C1 US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
RP Hough, SE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 525 South Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
NR 38
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PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 5
BP 2767
EP 2781
DI 10.1785/0120120285
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 225TU
UT WOS:000324986700016
ER
PT J
AU Llenos, AL
Michael, AJ
AF Llenos, Andrea L.
Michael, Andrew J.
TI Modeling Earthquake Rate Changes in Oklahoma and Arkansas: Possible
Signatures of Induced Seismicity
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID DENVER EARTHQUAKES; STATISTICAL-MODEL; FLUID; SWARM; MAGNITUDE;
INJECTION
AB The rate of M-L >= 3 earthquakes in the central and eastern United States increased beginning in 2009, particularly in Oklahoma and central Arkansas, where fluid injection has occurred. We find evidence that suggests these rate increases are man-made by examining the rate changes in a catalog of M-L >= 3 earthquakes in Oklahoma, which had a low background seismicity rate before 2009, as well as rate changes in a catalog of M-L >= 2.2 earthquakes in central Arkansas, which had a history of earthquake swarms prior to the start of injection in 2009. In both cases, stochastic epidemic-type aftershock sequence models and statistical tests demonstrate that the earthquake rate change is statistically significant, and both the background rate of independent earthquakes and the aftershock productivity must increase in 2009 to explain the observed increase in seismicity. This suggests that a significant change in the underlying triggering process occurred. Both parameters vary, even when comparing natural to potentially induced swarms in Arkansas, which suggests that changes in both the background rate and the aftershock productivity may provide a way to distinguish man-made from natural earthquake rate changes. In Arkansas we also compare earthquake and injection well locations, finding that earthquakes within 6 km of an active injection well tend to occur closer together than those that occur before, after, or far from active injection. Thus, like a change in productivity, a change in interevent distance distribution may also be an indicator of induced seismicity.
C1 [Llenos, Andrea L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Llenos, AL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 977,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM allenos@usgs.gov
RI Michael, Andrew/A-5059-2010;
OI Michael, Andrew/0000-0002-2403-5019; Llenos, Andrea/0000-0002-4088-6737
NR 34
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U2 30
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 5
BP 2850
EP 2861
DI 10.1785/0120130017
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 225TU
UT WOS:000324986700022
ER
PT J
AU Stephenson, WJ
Frary, RN
Louie, JN
Odum, JK
AF Stephenson, W. J.
Frary, R. N.
Louie, J. N.
Odum, J. K.
TI Quaternary Extensional Growth Folding beneath Reno, Nevada, Imaged by
Urban Seismic Profiling
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; RANGE PROVINCE; SIERRA-NEVADA; WALKER LANE;
BASIN; ZONE; EVOLUTION; SETTINGS; MOTION; SHEAR
AB We characterize shallow subsurface faulting and basin structure along a transect through heavily urbanized Reno, Nevada, with high-resolution seismic reflection imaging. The 6.8 km of P-wave data image the subsurface to approximately 800 m depth and delineate two subbasins and basin uplift that are consistent with structure previously inferred from gravity modeling in this region of the northern Walker Lane. We interpret two primary faults that bound the uplift and deform Quaternary deposits. The dip of Quaternary and Tertiary strata in the western subbasin increases with greater depth to the east, suggesting recurrent fault motion across the westernmost of these faults. Deformation in the Quaternary section of the western subbasin is likely evidence of extensional growth folding at the edge of the Truckee River through Reno. This deformation is north of, and on trend with, previously mapped Quaternary fault strands of the Mt. Rose fault zone. In addition to corroborating the existence of previously inferred intrabasin structure, these data provide evidence for an active extensional Quaternary fault at a previously unknown location within the Truckee Meadows basin that furthers our understanding of both the seismotectonic framework and earthquake hazards in this urbanized region.
C1 [Stephenson, W. J.; Odum, J. K.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Frary, R. N.] Noble Energy Inc, Houston, TX 77067 USA.
[Louie, J. N.] Univ Nevada, Coll Sci, Nevada Seismol Lab,Dept Geol Sci & Engn, Mackay Sch Earth Sci & Engn,Coll Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Stephenson, WJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1711 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM wstephens@usgs.gov
FU National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program; USGS, Department of the
Interior, under USGS [G09AP00051]
FX This work was supported with both internal and external funding from the
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. Research was partly
supported by the USGS, Department of the Interior, under USGS Award
Number G09AP00051 to JNL at the University of Nevada, Reno. We thank
David Worley for his technical field expertise, Cecil Hoffpauir and
Robert Kent of the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES),
for expert operation of the minivib, and NEESCOMM for collaborating with
USGS through a shared-use agreement. We thank our field crew (M. Conley,
Z. Maharrey, M. Messmer, and I. Tomlinson of USGS; E. Littlefield, A.
Hughes, S. Jha, K. Kohls, M. S. Dhar, S. Konkol, and A. Wakwak of UNR)
for their assistance. We thank Mike Widmer for providing gravity
modeling results of bedrock elevation, and Chris Henry for providing his
ArcMap geologic database. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.
S. government.
NR 19
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PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 5
BP 2921
EP 2927
DI 10.1785/0120120311
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 225TU
UT WOS:000324986700031
ER
PT J
AU Larson, SD
Hoyt, ZN
Eckert, GL
Gill, VA
AF Larson, Sean D.
Hoyt, Zachary N.
Eckert, Ginny L.
Gill, Verena A.
TI Impacts of sea otter (Enhydra lutris) predation on commercially
important sea cucumbers (Parastichopus californicus) in southeast Alaska
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID PREY COMMUNITIES; FISHERIES; PATTERNS; POPULATIONS; COMPETITION;
ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; SELECTION; RECOVERY; TIME
AB Sea cucumbers (Parastichopus californicus), which are an important commercial, subsistence, and ecological resource, are negatively affected by an expanding sea otter (Enhydra lutris) population in southeast Alaska. A few hundred sea otters were reintroduced into southeast Alaska in the late 1960s after their extirpation during the 18th and 19th century fur trade. In the ensuing decades after recolonization, the sea otter population grew exponentially in number and distribution, and sea cucumbers declined in density in areas with otters, suggesting an inverse relationship between sea otter numbers and sea cucumber density. We evaluated the interaction and effects of sea otters on sea cucumbers using sea otter foraging observations, sea otter population survey data, and sea cucumber density data. Our results indicate that sea cucumber density declined with and without sea otter presence and that the extent of the decline depends on the duration and magnitude of sea otter presence, with 100% decline in areas occupied by sea otters since 1994. Sea otter predation should be included in sea cucumber fishery management as a step toward ecosystem-based management.
C1 [Larson, Sean D.; Hoyt, Zachary N.; Eckert, Ginny L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Gill, Verena A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Larson, SD (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM sdlarson@alaska.edu
FU Alaska Sea Grant; National Science Foundation (NSF) Marine Ecosystem
Sustainability in the Arctic and Subarctic (MESAS) IGERT [DGE-0801720];
NSF Science Master's Program: Ecosystem Approaches to Fishery Management
[DGE-1011707]
FX We gratefully thank the United States Fish and Wildlife Service for
providing sea otter distribution and abundance data and the Alaska
Department of Fish and Game for providing sea cucumber survey and
fishery data. We thank Gordon Kruse and Doug Woodby for their valuable
comments on our manuscript; Tory Wilson, Bonnie Greenwood, Marlene
Wagner, Sharon Tsetong, Stena Troyer, and Christina Buck, who helped
with data collection; and Sunny Rice, who helped with data collection
and was a key player in securing funding for this project. This research
was supported by Alaska Sea Grant and by the National Science Foundation
(NSF) Marine Ecosystem Sustainability in the Arctic and Subarctic
(MESAS) IGERT (Award DGE-0801720) and NSF Science Master's Program:
Ecosystem Approaches to Fishery Management (Award DGE-1011707). The
findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
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PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 10
BP 1498
EP 1507
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0025
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 229MS
UT WOS:000325270800008
ER
PT J
AU Keefer, ML
Caudill, CC
Clabough, TS
Jepson, MA
Johnson, EL
Peery, CA
Higgs, MD
Moser, ML
AF Keefer, Matthew L.
Caudill, Christopher C.
Clabough, Tami S.
Jepson, Michael A.
Johnson, Eric L.
Peery, Christopher A.
Higgs, Megan D.
Moser, Mary L.
TI Fishway passage bottleneck identification and prioritization: a case
study of Pacific lamprey at Bonneville Dam
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ADULT CHINOOK SALMON; LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER; VERTICAL-SLOT; HABITAT
FRAGMENTATION; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; LAMPETRA-TRIDENTATA; SPAWNING
MIGRATION; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; VELOCITY BARRIERS; SNAKE RIVER
AB Fishways designed for salmonids often restrict passage by non-salmonids, and effective tools are needed both to identify passage problems for nontarget species and to inform remediation planning. In this case study, we used migration histories from 2170 radio-tagged adult Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus) to identify locations of poor passage bottlenecks) at a large, multifishway dam. Over 10 years, 49% of tagged lamprey that entered fishways failed to pass the dam. Models accounting for repeated attempts by individual lamprey indicated successful passage strongly depended on attempted passage route. Success also varied with time of fishway entry, water temperature, and lamprey body size. Most failed passage attempts terminated in lower fishway segments, but extensive seasonal shifts in bottleneck locations were detected. Ranking metrics helped prioritize bottlenecks and identified sites where structural or operational modifications should improve lamprey passage. Our integration of spatially intensive monitoring with novel analytical techniques was critical to understanding the complex relationships among fishway features, environmental variation, and lamprey behavior. The prioritization framework can be applied to a wide range of fish passage assessments.
C1 [Keefer, Matthew L.; Caudill, Christopher C.; Clabough, Tami S.; Jepson, Michael A.; Johnson, Eric L.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Peery, Christopher A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Idaho Fisheries Resource Off, Orofino, ID 83544 USA.
[Higgs, Megan D.] Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Moser, Mary L.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Keefer, ML (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM mkeefer@uidaho.edu
RI Caudill, Christopher/M-7906-2014
FU The US Army Corps of Engineers
FX We thank W. Daigle, T. Dick, B. Ho, D. Joosten, S. Lee, M. Morasch, C.
Noyes, D. Ogden, D. Quaempts, P. Peterson, R. Ringe, and K. Tolotti
(University of Idaho) and P. Ocker, W. Cavendar, D. Ogden, and H.
Pennington (Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission) for assistance
with lamprey collection and tagging and antenna construction,
installation, and maintenance. J. Simonson, R. Marr, and I. Wilbert
(NOAA Fisheries) fabricated and installed lamprey traps used in this
study. B. Burke and K. Frick (NOAA Fisheries) helped with radiotelemetry
database maintenance and interpretation. We also thank the staff of
Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission's Kennewick Field Office,
especially D. Chase and D. Warf. The US Army Corps of Engineers provided
funding for these studies; we thank D. Clugston, B. Eby, D. Fryer, M.
Langeslay, M. Plummer, and S. Tackley. Administrative assistance was
provided by T. Bjornn, D. Dey, K. Johnson, P. McAteer, R. Poulin, T.
Ruehle, and L. Stuehrenberg.
NR 62
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U1 10
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PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 10
BP 1551
EP 1565
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0164
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 229MS
UT WOS:000325270800012
ER
PT J
AU Peters, EB
Wythers, KR
Zhang, SX
Bradford, JB
Reich, PB
AF Peters, Emily B.
Wythers, Kirk R.
Zhang, Shuxia
Bradford, John B.
Reich, Peter B.
TI Potential climate change impacts on temperate forest ecosystem processes
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS; ELEVATED CO2; LAND-USE; NITROGEN DEPOSITION;
UNITED-STATES; WATER YIELD; RESPONSES; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PRODUCTIVITY;
OZONE
AB Large changes in atmospheric CO2, temperature, and precipitation are predicted by 2100, yet the long-term consequences for carbon (C), water, and nitrogen (N) cycling in forests are poorly understood. We applied the PnET-CN ecosystem model to compare the long-term effects of changing climate and atmospheric CO2 on productivity, evapotranspiration, runoff, and net nitrogen mineralization in current Great Lakes forest types. We used two statistically downscaled climate projections, PCM B1 (warmer and wetter) and GFDL A1FI (hotter and drier), to represent two potential future climate and atmospheric CO2 scenarios. To separate the effects of climate and CO2, we ran PnET-CN including and excluding the CO2 routine. Our results suggest that, with rising CO2 and without changes in forest type, average regional productivity could increase from 67% to 142%, changes in evapotranspiration could range from -3% to +6%, runoff could increase from 2% to 22%, and net N mineralization could increase 10% to 12%. Ecosystem responses varied geographically and by forest type. Increased productivity was almost entirely driven by CO2 fertilization effects, rather than by temperature or precipitation (model runs holding CO2 constant showed stable or declining productivity). The relative importance of edaphic and climatic spatial drivers of productivity varied over time, suggesting that productivity in Great Lakes forests may switch from being temperature-to water-limited by the end of the century.
C1 [Peters, Emily B.; Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Environm, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Wythers, Kirk R.; Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Zhang, Shuxia] Univ Minnesota, Inst Supercomp, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Reich, Peter B.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia.
RP Peters, EB (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Inst Environm, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM ebpeters@umn.edu
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011
FU University of Minnesota's Institute on the Environment; Wilderness
Research Foundation; Superior National Forest
FX We thank Scott Ollinger for advice on the PnET-CN model, Matthew Peters
for sharing soil water-holding capacity data, and the Northern Institute
of Applied Climate Science for climate data and extensive discussions
about the implications of this work for forest managers. This work
contributed to a larger coordinated effort involving several modeling
teams to assess the vulnerability of Great Lakes forests to climate
change (www.climateframework.org; 29 November 2012). This research was
funded by the University of Minnesota's Institute on the Environment,
the Wilderness Research Foundation, and the Superior National Forest.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 49
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PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 43
IS 10
BP 939
EP 950
DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0013
PG 12
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 231ZL
UT WOS:000325456800007
ER
PT J
AU Crone, EE
Ellis, MM
Morris, WF
Stanley, A
Bell, T
Bierzychudek, P
Ehrlen, J
Kaye, TN
Knight, TM
Lesica, P
Oostermeijer, G
Quintana-Ascencio, PF
Ticktin, T
Valverde, T
Williams, JL
Doak, DF
Ganesan, R
Mceachern, K
Thorpe, AS
Menges, ES
AF Crone, Elizabeth E.
Ellis, Martha M.
Morris, William F.
Stanley, Amanda
Bell, Timothy
Bierzychudek, Paulette
Ehrlen, Johan
Kaye, Thomas N.
Knight, Tiffany M.
Lesica, Peter
Oostermeijer, Gerard
Quintana-Ascencio, Pedro F.
Ticktin, Tamara
Valverde, Teresa
Williams, Jennifer L.
Doak, Daniel F.
Ganesan, Rengaian
Mceachern, Kathyrn
Thorpe, Andrea S.
Menges, Eric S.
TI Ability of Matrix Models to Explain the Past and Predict the Future of
Plant Populations
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE density dependence; ecological forecasting; environmental change; matrix
projection models; plant population dynamics; population viability
analysis; precipitation; temperature; analisis de viabilidad
poblacional; dependencia de la densidad; dinamica poblacional de
plantas; modelos de proyeccion matricial; precipitacion; pronostico
ecologico; temperatura
ID VIABILITY ANALYSIS; EXTINCTION RISK; POLLEN LIMITATION; DYNAMICS;
ENVIRONMENTS; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; STOCHASTICITY; PROJECTIONS;
WILDFLOWER
AB Uncertainty associated with ecological forecasts has long been recognized, but forecast accuracy is rarely quantified. We evaluated how well data on 82 populations of 20 species of plants spanning 3 continents explained and predicted plant population dynamics. We parameterized stage-based matrix models with demographic data from individually marked plants and determined how well these models forecast population sizes observed at least 5 years into the future. Simple demographic models forecasted population dynamics poorly; only 40% of observed population sizes fell within our forecasts' 95% confidence limits. However, these models explained population dynamics during the years in which data were collected; observed changes in population size during the data-collection period were strongly positively correlated with population growth rate. Thus, these models are at least a sound way to quantify population status. Poor forecasts were not associated with the number of individual plants or years of data. We tested whether vital rates were density dependent and found both positive and negative density dependence. However, density dependence was not associated with forecast error. Forecast error was significantly associated with environmental differences between the data collection and forecast periods. To forecast population fates, more detailed models, such as those that project how environments are likely to change and how these changes will affect population dynamics, may be needed. Such detailed models are not always feasible. Thus, it may be wiser to make risk-averse decisions than to expect precise forecasts from models. Habilidad de los Modelos Matriciales para Explicar el Pasado y Predecir el Futuro de las Poblaciones de Plantas
Resumen La incertidumbre asociada con el pronostico ecologico ha sido reconocida durante un largo tiempo pero rara vez se cuantifica su seguridad. Evaluamos que tan bien la informacion de 82 poblaciones de 20 especies de plantas a lo largo de 3 continentes explica y predice la dinamica de poblacion de las plantas. Realizamos parametros con modelos matriciales con base en estadios con datos demograficos a partir de plantas marcadas individualmente y determinamos que tan bien estos modelos pronostican el tamano de las poblaciones al menos 5 anos en el futuro. Los modelos demograficos simples pronosticaron pobremente las dinamicas de poblacion; solamente el 40% de las poblaciones observadas cayo dentro de los limites de confianza de 85% de nuestros pronosticos. Estos modelos sin embargo explicaron la dinamica de poblacion a lo largo de los anos en los que se colectaron datos; los cambios observados en el tamano de la poblacion durante el periodo de colecta de datos estuvieron positivamente correlacionados con la tasa de crecimiento de la poblacion. Asi, estos modelos son por lo menos una manera segura de cuantificar el estado de la poblacion. Los pronosticos debiles no estuvieron asociados con el numero de plantas individuales o con los anos de datos. Probamos si las tasas vitales dependian de la densidad y encontramos que existe dependencia hacia la densidad tanto positiva como negativa, sin embargo la dependencia de densidad no se asocio con el error de pronostico. El error de pronostico estuvo significativamente asociado con diferencias ambientales entre la recoleccion de datos y los periodos de pronostico. Para predecir el destino de las poblaciones se necesitan modelos mas detallados, como aquellos que proyectan los cambios probables en el ambiente y como estos cambios afectaran a la dinamica de las poblaciones. Tales modelos tan detallados no siempre son factibles. Por ello puede ser mejor tomar decisiones aversas a riesgos que esperar pronosticos precisos de los modelos.
C1 [Crone, Elizabeth E.] Harvard Univ, Petersham, MA 01366 USA.
[Ellis, Martha M.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Morris, William F.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Stanley, Amanda; Kaye, Thomas N.; Thorpe, Andrea S.] Inst Appl Ecol, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA.
[Bell, Timothy] Chicago State Univ, Chicago, IL 60628 USA.
[Bierzychudek, Paulette] Lewis & Clark Coll, Portland, OR 97219 USA.
[Ehrlen, Johan] Stockholm Univ, Dept Bot, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Knight, Tiffany M.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Lesica, Peter] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Oostermeijer, Gerard] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Quintana-Ascencio, Pedro F.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Biol, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Ticktin, Tamara] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Valverde, Teresa] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ecol & Recursos Nat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Williams, Jennifer L.] Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
[Doak, Daniel F.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Ganesan, Rengaian] Royal Enclave, ATREE, Suri Sehgal Ctr Biodivers & Conservat, Po Bangalore 560064, India.
[Mceachern, Kathyrn] US Geol Survey, WERC, Channel Isl Field Stn, Sugitani, Toyama 93001, Japan.
[Menges, Eric S.] Archbold Biol Stn, Lake Placid, FL 33862 USA.
RP Crone, EE (reprint author), Harvard Univ, 324 N Main St, Petersham, MA 01366 USA.
EM ecrone@fas.harvard.edu
RI Oostermeijer, Johannes/N-8909-2013; Williams, Jennifer/H-1717-2011;
OI Williams, Jennifer/0000-0002-4497-4961; Ehrlen,
Johan/0000-0001-8539-8967
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; National Science
Foundation [EF-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State
of California
FX This work was conducted as a part of the Testing Matrix Models Working
Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and
Synthesis, a Center funded by the National Science Foundation
(grant#EF-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara, and the
State of California.
NR 56
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U1 14
U2 146
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 5
BP 968
EP 978
DI 10.1111/cobi.12049
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 224ZJ
UT WOS:000324931700011
PM 23565966
ER
PT J
AU Yager, DB
Johnson, RH
Rockwell, BW
Caine, JS
Smith, KS
AF Yager, Douglas B.
Johnson, Raymond H.
Rockwell, Barnaby W.
Caine, Jonathan Saul
Smith, Kathleen S.
TI A GIS and statistical approach to identify variables that control water
quality in hydrothermally altered and mineralized watersheds, Silverton,
Colorado, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Watershed; Hydrothermal alteration; Water quality; GIS; Statistical
analysis
ID DIGITAL ELEVATION DATA; LAND-USE; CHEMISTRY; IMPACT
AB Hydrothermally altered bedrock in the Silverton mining area, southwest Colorado, USA, contains sulfide minerals that weather to produce acidic and metal-rich leachate that is toxic to aquatic life. This study utilized a geographic information system (GIS) and statistical approach to identify watershed-scale geologic variables in the Silverton area that influence water quality. GIS analysis of mineral maps produced using remote sensing datasets including Landsat Thematic Mapper, advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer, and a hybrid airborne visible infrared imaging spectrometer and field-based product enabled areas of alteration to be quantified. Correlations between water quality signatures determined at watershed outlets, and alteration types intersecting both total watershed areas and GIS-buffered areas along streams were tested using linear regression analysis. Despite remote sensing datasets having varying watershed area coverage due to vegetation cover and differing mineral mapping capabilities, each dataset was useful for delineating acid-generating bedrock. Areas of quartz-sericite-pyrite mapped by AVIRIS have the highest correlations with acidic surface water and elevated iron and aluminum concentrations. Alkalinity was only correlated with area of acid neutralizing, propylitically altered bedrock containing calcite and chlorite mapped by AVIRIS. Total watershed area of acid-generating bedrock is more significantly correlated with acidic and metal-rich surface water when compared with acid-generating bedrock intersected by GIS-buffered areas along streams. This methodology could be useful in assessing the possible effects that alteration type area has in either generating or neutralizing acidity in unmined watersheds and in areas where new mining is planned.
C1 [Yager, Douglas B.; Johnson, Raymond H.; Rockwell, Barnaby W.; Caine, Jonathan Saul; Smith, Kathleen S.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Yager, DB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM dyager@usgs.gov
OI Caine, Jonathan/0000-0002-7269-6989
FU U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program; Mineral Environmental
Assessment Methodologies Project; Central Mineral and Environmental
Resources Science Center
FX The authors wish to thank the USGS, Animas abandoned mine lands (AML)
team members who all provided useful discussions and data during
preparation of this report. Special thanks to Stanley E. Church (USGS,
ret.) who co-led the successful AML program. The Animas River
Stakeholders Group, led by William Simon was inspirational in addressing
watershed and mining-related issues in Silverton between 1996 and
present. Roland J. Viger (USGS) provided useful guidance in using the
GIS Weasel software. Denise Dundon provided GIS support. USGS reviewers
Mary Ellen Benson, Eric Anderson and two anonymous external reviewers
provided useful critique of this work. This study was supported by the
U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program, the Mineral
Environmental Assessment Methodologies Project and the Central Mineral
and Environmental Resources Science Center. Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 53
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U1 5
U2 31
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1866-6280
J9 ENVIRON EARTH SCI
JI Environ. Earth Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 3
BP 1057
EP 1082
DI 10.1007/s12665-013-2229-y
PG 26
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA 216AJ
UT WOS:000324252900007
ER
PT J
AU Starke, V
Kirshtein, J
Fogel, ML
Steele, A
AF Starke, Verena
Kirshtein, Julie
Fogel, Marilyn L.
Steele, Andrew
TI Microbial community composition and endolith colonization at an Arctic
thermal spring are driven by calcite precipitation
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; MAMMOTH HOT-SPRINGS; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES;
TRAVERTINE FORMATION; DEPOSITIONAL FACIES; MICROORGANISMS; TEMPERATURE;
DIVERSITY; SVALBARD; GROWTH
AB Environmental conditions shape community composition. Arctic thermal springs provide an opportunity to study how environmental gradients can impose strong selective pressures on microbial communities and provide a continuum of niche opportunities. We use microscopic and molecular methods to conduct a survey of microbial community composition at Troll Springs on Svalbard, Norway, in the high Arctic. Microorganisms there exist under a wide range of environmental conditions: in warm water as periphyton, in moist granular materials, and in cold, dry rock as endoliths. Troll Springs has two distinct ecosystems, aquatic and terrestrial, together in close proximity, with different underlying environmental factors shaping each microbial community. Periphyton are entrapped during precipitation of calcium carbonate from the spring's waters, providing microbial populations that serve as precursors for the development of endolithic communities. This process differs from most endolith colonization, in which the rock predates the communities that colonize it. Community composition is modulated as environmental conditions change within the springs. At Troll, the aquatic environments show a small number of dominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that are specific to each sample. The terrestrial environments show a more even distribution of OTUs common to multiple samples.
C1 [Starke, Verena; Fogel, Marilyn L.; Steele, Andrew] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
[Kirshtein, Julie] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Starke, V (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, 5251 Broad Branch Rd, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
EM vstarke@ciw.edu
RI Fogel, Marilyn/M-2395-2015
OI Fogel, Marilyn/0000-0002-1176-3818
FU NASA ASTEP [NNX09AB74G, NNX12AP77G]; CIW-NASA Astrobiology Institute
[NNA09DA81A]; W. M. Keck Foundation [2007-6-29]
FX We thank the AMASE team for help with sample collection. We are grateful
to Jacques Ravel and his team for the pyrosequencing. We also thank
Mihaela Glamoclija, Frank Robb, Russell Hill, Jocelyne DiRuggierio, Hal
Schreier, and Feng Cheng for valuable input and feedback. Reinhard
Boehler and John Armstrong of the Carnegie Institution of Washington
assisted in using the microscopes. This research was supported by NASA
ASTEP Grant NNX09AB74G and NNX12AP77G the CIW-NASA Astrobiology
Institute (NNA09DA81A) and the W. M. Keck Foundation (2007-6-29).
NR 48
TC 5
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U1 2
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1758-2229
J9 ENV MICROBIOL REP
JI Environ. Microbiol. Rep.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 5
BP 648
EP 659
DI 10.1111/1758-2229.12063
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology
GA 227VF
UT WOS:000325142700003
PM 24115614
ER
PT J
AU Uphoff, CS
Schoenebeck, CW
Hoback, WW
Koupal, KD
Pope, KL
AF Uphoff, Christopher S.
Schoenebeck, Casey W.
Hoback, W. Wyatt
Koupal, Keith D.
Pope, Kevin L.
TI Degree-day accumulation influences annual variability in growth of age-0
walleye
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Age-0; Degree-day; Growth; Reservoir; Walleye
ID STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM-VITREUM; PERCH PERCA-FLAVESCENS; GROWING
DEGREE-DAY; FOOD-CONSUMPTION; REARING PONDS; TEMPERATURE; SIZE; LARVAE;
FISH; SURVIVAL
AB The growth of age-0 fishes influences survival, especially in temperate regions where size-dependent over-winter mortality can be substantial. Additional benefits of earlier maturation and greater fecundity may exist for faster growing individuals. This study correlated prey densities, growing-degree days, water-surface elevation, turbidity, and chlorophyll a with age-0 walleye Sander vitreus growth in a south-central Nebraska irrigation reservoir. Growth of age-0 walleye was variable between 2003 and 2011, with mean lengths ranging from 128 to 231 mm by fall (September 30th-October 15th). A set of a priori candidate models were used to assess the relative support of explanatory variables using Akaike's information criterion (AIC). A temperature model using the growing degree-days metric was the best supported model, describing 65% of the variability in annual mean lengths of age-0 walleye. The second and third best supported models included the variables chlorophyll a (r(2) = 0.49) and larval freshwater drum density (r(2) = 0.45), respectively. There have been mixed results concerning the importance of temperature effects on growth of age-0 walleye. This study supports the hypothesis that temperature is the most important predictor of age-0 walleye growth near the southwestern limits of its natural range. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Uphoff, Christopher S.; Schoenebeck, Casey W.; Hoback, W. Wyatt] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Kearney, NE 68849 USA.
[Koupal, Keith D.] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Fisheries Res Div, Kearney, NE 68847 USA.
[Pope, Kevin L.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Pope, Kevin L.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Uphoff, CS (reprint author), MN DNR Fisheries, 306 Power Ave N, Hinckley, MN 55037 USA.
EM Christopher.uphoff@state.mn.us
RI Pope, Kevin/D-8096-2011
OI Pope, Kevin/0000-0003-1876-1687
FU Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration funds [F-160-R-8]; U.S. Geological
Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska; U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission for the use of trucks,
boats, and equipment and the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers at Harlan
County Reservoir for boat and equipment storage. We thank the University
of Nebraska at Kearney for their technical support. We also thank Jason
Deboer for providing air temperature data and Brian Peterson, Josh
Kreitman, Eric Smits, and multiple graduate students, technicians, and
volunteers for providing field assistance with this project. This
project was funded by Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration funds
(Federal Aid Project F-160-R-8) administered by the Nebraska Game and
Parks Commission. The use of trade names or products does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Government. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement
among the U.S. Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks
Commission, the University of Nebraska, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service and the Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 55
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 147
BP 394
EP 398
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.05.010
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 228MW
UT WOS:000325191900043
ER
PT J
AU Green, AW
Hooten, MB
Grant, EHC
Bailey, LL
AF Green, Adam W.
Hooten, Mevin B.
Grant, Evan H. Campbell
Bailey, Larissa L.
TI Evaluating breeding and metamorph occupancy and vernal pool management
effects for wood frogs using a hierarchical model
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian; habitat management; Lithobates sylvatica; presence; wetlands
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; RANA-SYLVATICA; AMPHIBIAN POPULATIONS;
SURVIVAL; WETLAND; COLONIZATION; HYDROPERIOD; EXTINCTION; SALAMANDER;
HYDROLOGY
AB 1. World-wide declines in amphibian populations are often attributed to loss of habitat and exploitation; additionally, climate change may play an important role in future declines. Despite protection of habitat, amphibians relying on temporary habitats, such as vernal pools, may need active management to maintain their populations under forecasts of warming temperatures and more variable precipitation. However, few studies have examined the factors influencing where these species choose to breed (breeding occurrence) and the conditional likelihood of successful metamorphosis, while accounting for imperfect detection.
2. We developed an occupancy model and estimated parameters within a Bayesian framework to investigate the factors influencing probabilities of wood frog Lithobates sylvatica breeding and successful metamorphosis at Patuxent Research Refuge, Maryland, USA. Our objectives were to obtain estimates of breeding occurrence and metamorph occupancy and evaluate the success of current management actions.
3. The probabilities of wood frog breeding and successful metamorphosis varied by year and were positively related to the pond's typical hydroperiod length and annual precipitation. Contrary to our predictions, previous occupancy states had little effect on breeding and metamorph occupancy probabilities, which is likely to be due to high correlation of occupancy with hydroperiod length. Additionally, we did not observe a relationship between breeding occupancy probabilities and the spatial arrangement of pools. Although sample sizes were small, management actions resulted in an increase in both breeding and metamorph occupancy probabilities.
4. Synthesis and applications. We demonstrate that management actions targeting short-hydroperiod pools favourably influence both components of breeding success. However, continued monitoring is needed to determine whether managed pools remain suitable for wood frogs. With predicted changes in climate and a positive relationship between breeding occupancy and winter precipitation, a proactive focus on active management of vernal pools may provide a means to maintain wood frog populations in the future.
C1 [Green, Adam W.; Hooten, Mevin B.; Bailey, Larissa L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Grant, Evan H. Campbell] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Lab, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
RP Green, AW (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 1484 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM awgreen@colostate.edu
RI Bailey, Larissa/A-2565-2009; Grant, Evan/N-5160-2014
OI Grant, Evan/0000-0003-4401-6496
FU US Geological Survey ARMI
FX We would like to thank all north-east Amphibian Research and Monitoring
Initiative (ARMI) field personnel for the collection of the data and the
Patuxent Research Refuge Youth Conservation Corps for assistance with
installation of pool liners. US Geological Survey ARMI provided funding
for this project, and this represents contribution number 436 for this
programme. The use of trade names or products does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 54
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U1 5
U2 76
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 50
IS 5
BP 1116
EP 1123
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12121
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 227AP
UT WOS:000325079800004
ER
PT J
AU Cooke, SJ
Lapointe, NWR
Martins, EG
Thiem, JD
Raby, GD
Taylor, MK
Beard, TD
Cowx, IG
AF Cooke, S. J.
Lapointe, N. W. R.
Martins, E. G.
Thiem, J. D.
Raby, G. D.
Taylor, M. K.
Beard, T. D., Jr.
Cowx, I. G.
TI Failure to engage the public in issues related to inland fishes and
fisheries: strategies for building public and political will to promote
meaningful conservation
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biodiversity; conservation; environmental education; policy; sustainable
fisheries
ID FRESH-WATER BIODIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; RECREATIONAL FISHERIES;
GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY; ECONOMIC-GROWTH; THREATS; MANAGEMENT; IMPACTS;
MARINE; NORTH
AB Generating awareness of environmental conservation issues among the public is essential if there is an expectation of them to alter their behaviour, facilitate informed decisions and engage governments or regulatory authorities to take action. There are, however, exceedingly few public engagement success stories related to inland fishes and fisheries policy and resource allocation decisions. Inland aquatic resources and their associated fisheries provide employment, recreation, culture and, in developing regions, a considerable proportion of human nutrition and food security. Freshwater fishes are incredibly diverse but are among the most endangered organisms globally. Many threats to inland fisheries are driven largely by externalities to inland fisheries. The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the role and plight of inland fishes and fisheries, and the need to generate the public and political will necessary to promote meaningful conservation. With this paper, the extent to which the scientific and environmental management communities have failed to engage the public in issues related to inland fishes and fisheries is characterized. Next, the barriers or factors that serve as the basis for the problem with public engagement are identified. The paper concludes by identifying strategies, including those focused on environmental education initiatives, for building the public and political will necessary to promote meaningful conservation of inland fishes and fisheries in developed and developing countries. Scientists, environmental managers, non-governmental organizations, politicians, regulatory authorities and the media all have important roles to play in overcoming challenges to inland fisheries. Failure to engage the public in freshwater conservation and management issues will impede efforts to stem the loss of freshwater habitats, fisheries and aquatic biodiversity. Thankfully, there are opportunities to learn from success stories related to other environmental issues and initiatives that have been successful in marine fish conservation.
C1 [Cooke, S. J.; Lapointe, N. W. R.; Martins, E. G.; Thiem, J. D.; Raby, G. D.; Taylor, M. K.] Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Cooke, S. J.; Lapointe, N. W. R.; Martins, E. G.; Thiem, J. D.; Raby, G. D.; Taylor, M. K.] Carleton Univ, Inst Environm Sci, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Martins, E. G.] Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Management, Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Cooperat Fisheries Management Unit,Sci Branch, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Beard, T. D., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Natl Climate Change & Wildlife Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Cowx, I. G.] Univ Hull, Dept Biol Sci, Hull Int Fisheries Inst, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England.
RP Cooke, SJ (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
EM Steven_Cooke@carleton.ca
RI Cooke, Steven/F-4193-2010
OI Cooke, Steven/0000-0002-5407-0659
FU Canada Research Chairs Programme; Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Ontario Ministry of Research and
Innovation; Canadian Wildlife Federation; NSERC
FX S. J. C. is supported by the Canada Research Chairs Programme, the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the
Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation and the Canadian Wildlife
Federation. G. D. R. was supported by an NSERC post-graduate
scholarship. We acknowledge the work by Cambray & Pister (2002) as well
as by Monroe et al. (2009) as being the pioneers in thinking about the
importance of engaging the public in issues related to freshwater fish
conservation.
NR 89
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U1 10
U2 56
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 83
IS 4
SI SI
BP 997
EP 1018
DI 10.1111/jfb.12222
PG 22
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 227UI
UT WOS:000325140100016
PM 24090559
ER
PT J
AU Asquith, WH
Herrmann, GR
Cleveland, TG
AF Asquith, William H.
Herrmann, George R.
Cleveland, Theodore G.
TI Generalized Additive Regression Models of Discharge and Mean Velocity
Associated with Direct-Runoff Conditions in Texas: Utility of the US
Geological Survey Discharge Measurement Database
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Streamflow; Discharge measurement; Velocity; Hydraulic properties;
Runoff; Regional analysis; Texas; Databases; U; S; Geological Survey;
Streamflow; Stream gauge; Discharge measurement; Mean velocity;
Hydraulic properties; Direct runoff; Regional analysis; Regression;
Generalized additive models; Texas
ID INTERVALS; BASINS
AB A database containing more than 17,700 discharge values and ancillary hydraulic properties was assembled from summaries of discharge measurement records for 424 U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gauging stations (stream gauges) in Texas. Each discharge exceeds the 90th-percentile daily mean streamflow as determined by period-of-record, stream-gauge-specific, flow-duration curves. Each discharge therefore is assumed to represent discharge measurement made during direct-runoff conditions. The hydraulic properties of each discharge measurement included concomitant cross-sectional flow area, water-surface top width, and reported mean velocity. Systematic and statewide investigation of these data in pursuit of regional models for the estimation of discharge and mean velocity has not been previously attempted. Generalized additive regression modeling is used to develop readily implemented procedures by end-users for estimation of discharge and mean velocity from select predictor variables at ungauged stream locations. The discharge model uses predictor variables of cross-sectional flow area, top width, stream location, mean annual precipitation, and a generalized terrain and climate index (OmegaEM) derived for a previous flood-frequency regionalization study. The mean velocity model uses predictor variables of discharge, top width, stream location, mean annual precipitation, and OmegaEM. The discharge model has an adjusted R-squared value of about 0.95 and a residual standard error (RSE) of about 0.22 base-10 logarithm (cubic meters per second); the mean velocity model has an adjusted R-squared value of about 0.67 and an RSE of about 0.063 fifth root (meters per second). Example applications and computations using both regression models are provided.
C1 [Asquith, William H.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock Field Off, US Geol Survey, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Herrmann, George R.; Cleveland, Theodore G.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Herrmann, George R.] Texas Dept Transportat, Austin, TX 78701 USA.
RP Asquith, WH (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock Field Off, US Geol Survey, Sci Bldg,MS-1053,2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM wasquith@usgs.gov
NR 51
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1084-0699
EI 1943-5584
J9 J HYDROL ENG
JI J. Hydrol. Eng.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 18
IS 10
BP 1331
EP 1348
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000635
PG 18
WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 218XT
UT WOS:000324466700016
ER
PT J
AU Platt, SG
Elsey, RM
Liu, H
Rainwater, TR
Nifong, JC
Rosenblatt, AE
Heithaus, MR
Mazzotti, FJ
AF Platt, S. G.
Elsey, R. M.
Liu, H.
Rainwater, T. R.
Nifong, J. C.
Rosenblatt, A. E.
Heithaus, M. R.
Mazzotti, F. J.
TI Frugivory and seed dispersal by crocodilians: an overlooked form of
saurochory?
SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Alligator mississippiensis; Crocodylia; diet; foraging ecology;
frugivory; saurochory; seed dispersal
ID GALLOTIA-GALLOTI LACERTIDAE; AMERICAN ALLIGATORS; CAIMAN-CROCODILUS;
SOUTHWESTERN MISSOURI; CROCODYLUS-MORELETII; TERRAPENE-CAROLINA;
SPECTACLED CAIMAN; VENEZUELAN LLANOS; GASTRIC FUNCTION; NILE CROCODILES
AB Saurochory (seed dispersal by reptiles) among crocodilians has largely been ignored, probably because these reptiles are generally assumed to be obligate carnivores incapable of digesting vegetable proteins and polysaccharides. Herein we review the literature on crocodilian diet, foraging ecology, digestive physiology and movement patterns, and provide additional empirical data from recent dietary studies of Alligator mississippiensis. We found evidence of frugivory in 13 of 18 (72.2%) species for which dietary information was available, indicating this behavior is widespread among the Crocodylia. Thirty-four families and 46 genera of plants were consumed by crocodilians. Fruit types consumed by crocodilians varied widely; over half (52.1%) were fleshy fruits. Some fruits are consumed as gastroliths or ingested incidental to prey capture; however, there is little doubt that on occasion, fruit is deliberately consumed, often in large quantities. Sensory cues involved in crocodilian frugivory are poorly understood, although airborne and waterborne cues as well as surface disturbances seem important. Crocodilians likely accrue nutritional benefits from frugivory and there are no a priori reasons to assume otherwise. Ingested seeds are regurgitated, retained in the stomach for indefinite and often lengthy periods, or passed through the digestive tract and excreted in feces. Chemical and mechanical scarification of seeds probably occurs in the stomach, but what effects these processes have on seed viability remain unknown. Because crocodilians have large territories and undertake lengthy movements, seeds are likely transported well beyond the parent plant before being voided. Little is known about the ultimate fate of seeds ingested by crocodilians; however, deposition sites could prove suitable for seed germination. Although there is no evidence for a crocodilian-specific dispersal syndrome similar to that described for other reptiles, our review strongly suggests that crocodilians function as effective agents of seed dispersal. Crocodilian saurochory offers a fertile ground for future research.
C1 [Platt, S. G.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY USA.
[Elsey, R. M.] Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Grand Chenier, LA USA.
[Liu, H.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Liu, H.] Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Ctr Trop Plant Conservat, Coral Gables, FL USA.
[Rainwater, T. R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Charleston, SC 29407 USA.
[Nifong, J. C.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Rosenblatt, A. E.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Marine Sci Program, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Heithaus, M. R.] Florida Int Univ, Sch Environm Arts & Soc, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Mazzotti, F. J.] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Davie, FL USA.
RP Rainwater, TR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Charleston Field Off, 176 Croghan Spur Rd,Suite 200, Charleston, SC 29407 USA.
EM trrainwater@gmail.com
RI Rosenblatt, Adam/J-1327-2014; Nifong, James/D-4137-2015
OI Rosenblatt, Adam/0000-0002-5265-7720; Nifong, James/0000-0003-3607-0441
FU NSF [OCE-9982133, OCE-0620959, DEB-9910514]
FX Studies conducted by J. Nifong on Sapelo Island, Georgia, were supported
in part by NSF grant numbers OCE-9982133 and OCE-0620959, and alligator
stomach contents were taken under Georgia Department of Natural
Resources Collecting Permit 29-WBH-0956 and University of Florida IACUC
Protocol 201005071. Research on alligators by A. Rosenblatt, M. Heithaus
and F. Mazzotti was funded by the Florida Coastal Everglades Long-Term
Ecological Research Program under NSF Grant number DEB-9910514, and
performed under Everglades National Park Permits EVER-2009-SCI-0024 and
EVER-2011-SCI-0031 and Florida International University IACUC Protocol
09-013. Scott Zona assisted with the identification of seeds collected
by Rosenblatt. We are grateful to Madeline Thompson and Kent Vliet for
providing a number of obscure references. Conversations with John
Brueggen and John Thorbjarnarson sparked our interest in crocodilian
frugivory and seed dispersal. Comments by Lewis Medlock greatly improved
an early draft of our paper. The findings and conclusions in this paper
are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of
the US Fish and Wildlife Service. We dedicate this paper to our friend
and colleague, John B. Thorbjarnarson (1957-2010), in recognition of a
life devoted to the study and conservation of crocodilians.
NR 160
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 44
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0952-8369
EI 1469-7998
J9 J ZOOL
JI J. Zool.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 291
IS 2
BP 87
EP 99
DI 10.1111/jzo.12052
PG 13
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 226AZ
UT WOS:000325007900001
ER
PT J
AU Staley, DM
Kean, JW
Cannon, SH
Schmidt, KM
Laber, JL
AF Staley, Dennis M.
Kean, Jason W.
Cannon, Susan H.
Schmidt, Kevin M.
Laber, Jayme L.
TI Objective definition of rainfall intensity-duration thresholds for the
initiation of post-fire debris flows in southern California
SO LANDSLIDES
LA English
DT Article
DE Debris flow; Wildfire; Rainfall; Thresholds; Warning system
ID RECENTLY BURNED AREAS; SHALLOW LANDSLIDES; FIELD OBSERVATIONS; WARNING
SYSTEM; DOLOMITES; MODEL; WASHINGTON; ACCURACY; VELOCITY; COLORADO
AB Rainfall intensity-duration (ID) thresholds are commonly used to predict the temporal occurrence of debris flows and shallow landslides. Typically, thresholds are subjectively defined as the upper limit of peak rainstorm intensities that do not produce debris flows and landslides, or as the lower limit of peak rainstorm intensities that initiate debris flows and landslides. In addition, peak rainstorm intensities are often used to define thresholds, as data regarding the precise timing of debris flows and associated rainfall intensities are usually not available, and rainfall characteristics are often estimated from distant gauging locations. Here, we attempt to improve the performance of existing threshold-based predictions of post-fire debris-flow occurrence by utilizing data on the precise timing of debris flows relative to rainfall intensity, and develop an objective method to define the threshold intensities. We objectively defined the thresholds by maximizing the number of correct predictions of debris flow occurrence while minimizing the rate of both Type I (false positive) and Type II (false negative) errors. We identified that (1) there were statistically significant differences between peak storm and triggering intensities, (2) the objectively defined threshold model presents a better balance between predictive success, false alarms and failed alarms than previous subjectively defined thresholds, (3) thresholds based on measurements of rainfall intensity over shorter duration (a parts per thousand currency sign60 min) are better predictors of post-fire debris-flow initiation than longer duration thresholds, and (4) the objectively defined thresholds were exceeded prior to the recorded time of debris flow at frequencies similar to or better than subjective thresholds. Our findings highlight the need to better constrain the timing and processes of initiation of landslides and debris flows for future threshold studies. In addition, the methods used to define rainfall thresholds in this study represent a computationally simple means of deriving critical values for other studies of nonlinear phenomena characterized by thresholds.
C1 [Staley, Dennis M.; Kean, Jason W.; Cannon, Susan H.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Schmidt, Kevin M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Laber, Jayme L.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Oxnard, CA USA.
RP Staley, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046MS966 DFC, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM dstaley@usgs.gov
OI Kean, Jason/0000-0003-3089-0369
FU U.S. Geological Survey Landslide Hazards Program; U.S. Geological Survey
Multi-Hazards Demonstration Project
FX This research was made possible with funding from the U.S. Geological
Survey Landslide Hazards Program and Multi-Hazards Demonstration
Project. The authors are grateful for field assistance from Joseph
Gartner (USGS), Maiana Hanshaw (USGS), and Robert Leeper (USGS),
rainfall data provided by Pete Wohlgemuth (U.S. Forest Service), and
data processing byMatthew Hansen (University of Colorado-Denver).
Jonathan Godt, Rex Baum, and two anonymous reviewers have provided
comments and suggested revisions which have greatly improved this paper.
NR 62
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 3
U2 33
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1612-510X
J9 LANDSLIDES
JI Landslides
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 10
IS 5
BP 547
EP 562
DI 10.1007/s10346-012-0341-9
PG 16
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA 227LY
UT WOS:000325115700002
ER
PT J
AU Thieltges, DW
Amundsen, PA
Hechinger, RF
Johnson, PTJ
Lafferty, KD
Mouritsen, KN
Preston, DL
Reise, K
Zander, CD
Poulin, R
AF Thieltges, David W.
Amundsen, Per-Arne
Hechinger, Ryan F.
Johnson, Pieter T. J.
Lafferty, Kevin D.
Mouritsen, Kim N.
Preston, Daniel L.
Reise, Karsten
Zander, C. Dieter
Poulin, Robert
TI Parasites as prey in aquatic food webs: implications for predator
infection and parasite transmission
SO OIKOS
LA English
DT Article
ID BIRD FINAL HOSTS; FRESH-WATER FISH; TROPHIC TRANSMISSION; TREMATODE
CERCARIAE; DIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; RICHNESS; ECOLOGY; TOPOLOGY; PATTERNS
AB While the recent inclusion of parasites into food-web studies has highlighted the role of parasites as consumers, there is accumulating evidence that parasites can also serve as prey for predators. Here we investigated empirical patterns of predation on parasites and their relationships with parasite transmission in eight topological food webs representing marine and freshwater ecosystems. Within each food web, we examined links in the typical predator-prey sub web as well as the predator-parasite sub web, i.e. the quadrant of the food web indicating which predators eat parasites. Most predator- parasite links represented concomitant predation' (consumption and death of a parasite along with the prey/host; 58-72%), followed by trophic transmission' (predator feeds on infected prey and becomes infected; 8-32%) and predation on free-living parasite life-cycle stages (4-30%). Parasite life-cycle stages had, on average, between 4.2 and 14.2 predators. Among the food webs, as predator richness increased, the number of links exploited by trophically transmitted parasites increased at about the same rate as did the number of links where these stages serve as prey. On the whole, our analyses suggest that predation on parasites has important consequences for both predators and parasites, and food web structure. Because our analysis is solely based on topological webs, determining the strength of these interactions is a promising avenue for future research.
C1 [Thieltges, David W.] NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Marine Ecol, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Netherlands.
[Amundsen, Per-Arne] Univ Tromso, Fac Biosci Fisheries & Econ, Dept Arctic & Marine Biol, NO-9037 Tromso, Norway.
[Hechinger, Ryan F.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Hechinger, Ryan F.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Johnson, Pieter T. J.; Preston, Daniel L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Mouritsen, Kim N.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biol Sci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
[Reise, Karsten] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Wadden Sea Stn Sylt, DE-25992 List Auf Sylt, Germany.
[Zander, C. Dieter] Biozentrum Grindel, DE-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Zander, C. Dieter] Zool Museum, DE-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Poulin, Robert] Univ Otago, Dept Zool, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
RP Thieltges, DW (reprint author), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Marine Ecol, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Netherlands.
EM david.thieltges@nioz.nl
RI Mouritsen, Kim /N-3934-2014; Poulin, Robert/C-3117-2008; Thieltges,
David W./E-5719-2015; Lafferty, Kevin/B-3888-2009; Mouritsen,
Kim/K-6569-2013
OI Poulin, Robert/0000-0003-1390-1206; Lafferty, Kevin/0000-0001-7583-4593;
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center; NSF
[DEB-0553768]; Univ. of California, Santa Barbara; State of California;
German Research Foundation (DFG) [Th 1361/1-1]; David and Lucile Packard
Foundation; NSF-NIH EID [DEB-0224565, OCE-1115965]; Norwegian Research
Council [NFR 213610/F20]
FX We thank E. Mordecai and J. McLaughlin for comments on the paper. This
work was conducted as a part of the Parasites and Foodwebs Working Group
supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis,
a Center funded by NSF (grant no. DEB-0553768), the Univ. of California,
Santa Barbara and the State of California. DWT acknowledges support by a
fellowship from the German Research Foundation (DFG) (Th 1361/1-1). PTJJ
was supported by a grant from NSF (DEB-0553768) and a fellowship from
the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. RFH and KDL have benefited from
NSF-NIH EID grants (DEB-0224565, OCE-1115965) and PAA from a grant from
the Norwegian Research Council (NFR 213610/F20). Any use of trade,
product or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US government. Finally, we
thank the reviewers for their thoughtful comments the manuscript.
NR 51
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 83
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0030-1299
J9 OIKOS
JI Oikos
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 122
IS 10
BP 1473
EP 1482
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00243.x
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 226IW
UT WOS:000325029900008
ER
PT J
AU Glenn, EP
Nagler, PL
Morino, K
Hultine, KR
AF Glenn, Edward P.
Nagler, Pamela L.
Morino, Kiyomi
Hultine, Kevin R.
TI Phreatophytes under stress: transpiration and stomatal conductance of
saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) in a high-salinity environment
SO PLANT AND SOIL
LA English
DT Article
DE Saltcedar; Tamarisk; Arid zone; Riparian; Invasive species; Remote
sensing of evapotranspiration
ID FLUX-SCALED TRANSPIRATION; INVASIVE RIPARIAN PLANTS; SAP FLOW
MEASUREMENTS; LOWER COLORADO RIVER; WATER-USE; GAS-EXCHANGE;
HEAT-BALANCE; ESTIMATE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; UNITED-STATES; GREAT-BASIN
AB We sought to understand the environmental constraints on an arid-zone riparian phreatophtye, saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissima and related species and hybrids), growing over a brackish aquifer along the Colorado River in the western U.S. Depth to groundwater, meteorological factors, salinity and soil hydraulic properties were compared at stress and non-stressed sites that differed in salinity of the aquifer, soil properties and water use characteristics, to identify the factors depressing water use at the stress site.
Saltcedar leaf-level transpiration (E-L), LAI, and stomatal conductance (G(S)) were measured over a growing season (June-September) with Granier and stem heat balance sensors and were compared to those for saltcedar at the non-stress site determined in a previous study. Transpiration on a ground-area basis (E-G) was calculated as E-L x LAI. Environmental factors were regressed against hourly and daily E-L and G(S) at each site to determine the main factors controlling water use at each site.
At the stress site, mean E-G over the summer was only 30 % of potential evapotranspiration (ETo). G(S) and E-G peaked between 8 and 9 am then decreased over the daylight hours. Daytime G(S) was negatively correlated with vapor pressure deficit (VPD) (P < 0.05). By contrast, E-G at the non-stress site tracked the daily radiation curve, was positively correlated with VPD and was nearly equal to ETo on a daily basis. Depth to groundwater increased over the growing season at both sites and resulted in decreasing E-G but could not explain the difference between sites. Both sites had high soil moisture levels throughout the vadose zone with high calculated unsaturated conductivity. However, salinity in the aquifer and vadose zone was three times higher at the stress site than at the non-stress site and could explain differences in plant E-G and G(S).
Salts accumulated in the vadose zone at both sites so usable water was confined to the saturated capillary fringe above the aquifer. Existence of a saline aquifer imposes several types of constraints on phreatophyte E-G, which need to be considered in models of plant water uptake. The heterogeneous nature of saltcedar E-G over river terraces introduces potential errors into estimates of ET by wide-area methods.
C1 [Glenn, Edward P.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA.
[Nagler, Pamela L.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Morino, Kiyomi] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Hultine, Kevin R.] Desert Bot Garden, Phoenix, AZ USA.
RP Glenn, EP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Environm Res Lab, 2601 East Airport Dr, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA.
EM eglenn@ag.arizona.edu
NR 94
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 6
U2 69
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0032-079X
EI 1573-5036
J9 PLANT SOIL
JI Plant Soil
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 371
IS 1-2
BP 655
EP 672
DI 10.1007/s11104-013-1803-0
PG 18
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 224JZ
UT WOS:000324882500048
ER
PT J
AU Muths, E
Scherer, RD
Bosch, J
AF Muths, Erin
Scherer, Rick D.
Bosch, Jaime
TI Evidence for plasticity in the frequency of skipped breeding
opportunities in common toads
SO POPULATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bufo bufo; Capture-recapture; Life history; Temperate zone; Temporary
emigration
ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; TEMPORARY EMIGRATION; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION;
BUFO-BUFO; SURVIVAL; POPULATIONS; REPRODUCTION; FROG; SALAMANDER;
ANIMALS
AB Breeding is limited by energetic or environmental constraints and long-lived species sometimes skip breeding opportunities. Environmental conditions may vary considerably across the geographic and elevational range of a species and species that can respond through variation in life history strategies are likely to maintain populations at the extremes of their ranges. The decision to skip breeding enables animals to adjust life history to circumstances, and plasticity in behavior allows implementation of adjustments. Elevational patterns suggest that breeding may be limited physiologically at high elevations (e.g., greater probability of skipped breeding; resources and environmental conditions more variable) in contrast to low elevations (probability of skipping breeding lower; resources and environmental conditions more predictable). We estimated the probabilities of survival and skipped breeding in a high-elevation population of common toads and compared estimates to existing data for common toads at low elevations, and to another toad species inhabiting a similar high elevation environment. Female common toads at high elevations tend to have high probabilities of skipping breeding and survival relative to data for common toads at low elevations, and appear to use a similar strategy of skipping breeding in response to similar environmental constraints as other toads at high elevations. We provide evidence of variability in this aspect of life history for common toads. Understanding variation in life history within widely distributed species is critical. Knowing that certain life history strategies are employed on a continuum informs conservation efforts, especially as impacts of climate change are likely to be different depending on elevation.
C1 [Muths, Erin] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Scherer, Rick D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Bosch, Jaime] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
RP Muths, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM muthse@usgs.gov
RI Bosch, Jaime/H-3042-2011;
OI Bosch, Jaime/0000-0002-0099-7934
FU Fundacion General CSIC; USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring
Initiative (ARMI)
FX We thank Penalara Natural Park, and A. Diaz-Guerra, S.
Fernandez-Beaskoetxea, B. Martin-Bayer, O. Quiroga, and M. Beracoechea
for fieldwork. Funding was provided by Fundacion General CSIC and USGS
Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI). Animal handling
procedures approved: Consejeria de Medio Ambiente, Comunidad Autonoma de
Madrid, Spain. L. Bailey provided useful and much appreciated comments
on an earlier draft of the manuscript. This is contribution no. 444 of
the USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative. Use of trade,
product, or firm names descriptive and does not imply endorsement by the
US Government.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 26
PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK
PI TOKYO
PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065,
JAPAN
SN 1438-3896
J9 POPUL ECOL
JI Popul. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 55
IS 4
BP 535
EP 544
DI 10.1007/s10144-013-0381-6
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 227SA
UT WOS:000325133100003
ER
PT J
AU McAllister, CT
Seville, RS
Duszynski, DW
Bush, SE
Fisher, RN
Austin, CC
AF McAllister, Chris T.
Seville, R. Scott
Duszynski, Donald W.
Bush, Sarah E.
Fisher, Robert N.
Austin, Christopher C.
TI Two new species of Eimeria Schneider, 1875 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae)
from emerald tree skinks, Lamprolepis smaragdina (Lesson) (Sauria:
Scincidae) from Papua New Guinea and the Philippines
SO SYSTEMATIC PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COCCIDIA; LIZARDS
AB Two new species of Eimeria Schneider, 1875, from emerald tree skinks, Lamprolepis smaragdina (Lesson) are described from specimens collected in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the Philippines. Oocysts of Eimeria nuiailan n. sp. from the only L. smaragdina from PNG are ovoidal, with a smooth, colourless, bi-layered wall, measure 23.7 x 19.1 mu m, and have a length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.3; both micropyle and oocyst residuum are absent, but a fragmented polar granule is present. Sporocysts are ovoidal to ellipsoidal, 11.9 x 7.0 mu m, L/W 1.7, and the wall is composed of two valves joined by a longitudinal suture; neither Stieda nor sub-Stieda bodies are present; a sporocyst residuum is present as a compact mass of granules. Sporozoites are elongate, 14.6 x 2.6 mu m, and contain anterior and posterior refractile bodies with a nucleus between them. Oocysts of Eimeria auffenbergi n. sp. from L. smaragdina collected in the Philippines are ovoidal, with a smooth, colourless, bi-layered wall, measure 19.9 x 15.8 mu m, L/W 1.3; both micropyle and oocyst residuum are absent, but one to four polar granules are present. Sporocysts are ovoidal to ellipsoidal, 10.3 x 5.8 mu m, L/W 1.8, and the wall is composed of two valves joined by a longitudinal suture; neither Stieda nor sub-Stieda bodies are present; a sporocyst residuum is composed of dispersed granules.
C1 [McAllister, Chris T.] Eastern Oklahoma State Coll, Div Sci & Math, Idabel, OK 74745 USA.
[Seville, R. Scott] Univ Wyoming, Casper Ctr, Dept Zool & Physiol, Casper, WY 82601 USA.
[Duszynski, Donald W.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Bush, Sarah E.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, San Diego Field Stn, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
[Austin, Christopher C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Austin, Christopher C.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP McAllister, CT (reprint author), Eastern Oklahoma State Coll, Div Sci & Math, Idabel, OK 74745 USA.
EM cmcallister@se.edu
OI Seville, Robert/0000-0003-4085-4388
FU IBN [9311139]; DEB [1146033]; National Science Foundation [DEB 0743491];
National Center for Research Resources [P20RR016474]; National Institute
of General Medical Sciences [P20GM103432]; National Institutes of Health
FX We thank the late Steve J. Upton (Kansas State University, Manhattan,
KS, USA) for technical assistance, and Scott L. Gardner (Manter Parasite
Collection, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA) for parasitological training of RNF.
Further appreciation is extended to Patricia A. Pilitt (USNPC) for
expert curatorial assistance. The PNG Department of Environment and
Conservation and the Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB) of the
Philippine Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)
facilitated the exportation of lizard and parasite specimens. This work
was funded in part by IBN 9311139 and DEB 1146033 to CCA, by the
National Science Foundation BS& I grant DEB 0743491 to R. M. Brown, SEB,
D. H. Clayton, and R. G. Moyle, and by grants from the National Center
for Research Resources (P20RR016474) and the National Institute of
General Medical Sciences (P20GM103432) from the National Institutes of
Health to RSS. SEB also thanks V. Tkach and R. M. Brown for assistance
in the field. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this
publication does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government and the
content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not
necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of
Health.
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-5752
EI 1573-5192
J9 SYST PARASITOL
JI Syst. Parasitol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 86
IS 2
BP 165
EP 171
DI 10.1007/s11230-013-9442-7
PG 7
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA 221FY
UT WOS:000324644500005
PM 24048748
ER
PT J
AU Collins, DP
Conway, WC
Mason, CD
Gunnels, JW
AF Collins, Daniel P.
Conway, Warren C.
Mason, Corey D.
Gunnels, Jeffrey W.
TI Seed bank potential of moist-soil managed wetlands in east-central Texas
SO WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Seed bank potential; Moist-soil managed wetlands; Texas; Desirable and
non-desirable plant species
ID FRESH-WATER WETLAND; DESERT FLOODPLAIN; DELAWARE RIVER; PLAYA WETLANDS;
VEGETATION; MARSH; RESTORATION; PLANTS; EMERGENCE; ESTABLISHMENT
AB Proper management techniques on moist-soil wetlands provide methods for enhancement of established wetlands, restoration of former wetlands, and creation of new wetland habitat. These techniques also create suitable wetland habitat for non-breeding waterfowl and other wetland dependent species during winter. To understand moist-soil managed wetland vegetative patterns, aspects such as plant species distribution, reproductive strategy, seed bank composition and viability should be thoroughly characterized. We investigated soil seed bank potential of moist-soil managed wetlands on Richland Creek Wildlife Management Area, Texas to determine which treatment (i.e., drawdown or flooded) produced the most desirable moist-soil plants. A total of 27 species germinated, producing 3,731 and 3,031 seedlings in drawdown and flooded treatments, respectively. There were also differences in stem densities between treatments of desirable and non-desirable species. Drawdown treatments had more seedlings germinate than flooded treatments, validating the notion that drawdown treatments provide favorable conditions for seed germination. Drawdown and flooding techniques, when properly timed, will allow managers to drive and directly influence managed wetland plant communities based on seed bank composition and response to presence or absence of water during the germination period.
C1 [Collins, Daniel P.; Conway, Warren C.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Arthur Temple Coll Forestry & Agr, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA.
[Mason, Corey D.] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Austin, TX 78744 USA.
[Gunnels, Jeffrey W.] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Middle Trinity River Ecosyst Project, Tennessee Colony, TX USA.
RP Collins, DP (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Off Reg 2, POB 1306, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA.
EM dan_collins@fws.gov
FU Texas Parks and Wildlife Department; Arthur Temple College of Forestry
and Agriculture (MacIntire-Stennis) at Stephen F. Austin State
University
FX Financial and logistical support for this research was provided by the
Texas Parks and Wildlife Department and the Arthur Temple College of
Forestry and Agriculture (MacIntire-Stennis) at Stephen F. Austin State
University. We thank Eric Woolverton, Edwin Bowman, Gary Rhodes, Kevin
Kraai, and Matt Symmank for field and logistical support. We appreciate
comments by C. Comer, B. Oswald, D. Scognamillo, G. Esslinger, and B.
Howe on earlier drafts of this manuscript.
NR 56
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 32
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0923-4861
J9 WETL ECOL MANAG
JI Wetl. Ecol. Manag.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 5
BP 353
EP 366
DI 10.1007/s11273-013-9307-5
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 226CD
UT WOS:000325011100005
ER
PT J
AU King, KA
Grue, CE
Grassley, JM
Hearsey, JW
AF King, Kerensa A.
Grue, Christian E.
Grassley, James M.
Hearsey, James W.
TI Pesticides in Urban Streams and Prespawn Mortality of Pacific Coho
Salmon
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; WILD; FITNESS; DECLINE
AB The listing of several runs of Pacific salmon as threatened or endangered and associated federal, state, and local efforts to restore/enhance salmon habitat in the Pacific Northwest make it imperative that the factors associated with these population declines are understood. Prespawn mortality (PSM) has been documented in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) within urban streams in western Washington since the late 1990s and is characterized by a suite of neurological and respiratory symptoms with mortality occurring shortly thereafter. Mortality rates in returning adults have ranged between 17 and 100 %. The cause of PSM is not known, but the presence of pesticide residues within urban streams led to a hypothesis that PSM in coho salmon and pesticides in urban streams were linked. We exposed pairs of "green" (unripe) prespawn male and female coho salmon to a pesticide mixture ("cocktail") reported in urban streams in western Washington State, USA. Longevity, ripening in female salmon, and brain acetylcholinesterase were not significantly affected by continuous exposure to the maximum reported concentrations of the pesticides. Fertilization, hatching success, and growth of fry were also not affected when green adults were exposed to these concentrations for 96 h. The absence of effects suggests it is unlikely that pesticides within stormwater are singularly responsible for PSM in coho salmon or that they impair the reproductive capability of exposed adults.
C1 [King, Kerensa A.; Grassley, James M.; Hearsey, James W.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Grue, Christian E.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP King, KA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv, 1340 Financial Blvd,Suite 234, Reno, NV 89502 USA.
EM kerensa@uw.edu; cgrue@uw.edu
FU USGS-Cooperative Research Units Program; School of Aquatic and Fishery
Sciences at UW; Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit;
USGS; UW; Washington State University; Washington Departments of
Ecology, Fish and Wildlife, and Natural Resources
FX Funding was provided by the USGS-Cooperative Research Units Program, the
School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences at UW, and the Washington
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. The Unit is financially
supported by the USGS, UW, Washington State University, and the
Washington Departments of Ecology, Fish and Wildlife, and Natural
Resources. Special thanks to M. Tetrick, J. Wittouck, and D. Rose (UW
Hatchery) for technical assistance, and V. Blackhurst, S. Damm, Z.
Guerrette, W. Madden, C. Monson, M. Sternberg, and M. Tamayo for
assistance with fish capture, data collection, or brain cholinesterase
assays. C. O'Toole (Edge Analytical) provided guidance on water sample
collection for chemical analyses. L. Conquest, S. Roberts, and G. Young
and three anonymous reviewers kindly provided comments on earlier
versions of the manuscript.
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 65
IS 3
BP 546
EP 554
DI 10.1007/s00244-013-9919-z
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 213QW
UT WOS:000324074200018
PM 23744049
ER
PT J
AU Beyer, WN
Franson, JC
French, JB
May, T
Rattner, BA
Shearn-Bochsler, VI
Warner, SE
Weber, J
Mosby, D
AF Beyer, W. Nelson
Franson, J. Christian
French, John B.
May, Thomas
Rattner, Barnett A.
Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie I.
Warner, Sarah E.
Weber, John
Mosby, David
TI Toxic Exposure of Songbirds to Lead in the Southeast Missouri Lead
Mining District
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COEUR-DALENE RIVER; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT; METAL CONTAMINATION; WILD
BIRDS; ZINC; BLOOD; FISH; CADMIUM; USA; ACCUMULATION
AB Mining and smelting in the Southeast Missouri Lead Mining District has caused widespread contamination of soils with lead (Pb) and other metals. Soils from three study sites sampled in the district contained from approximately 1,000-3,200 mg Pb/kg. Analyses of earthworms [33-4,600 mg Pb/kg dry weight (dw)] collected in the district showed likely high Pb exposure of songbirds preying on soil organisms. Mean tissue Pb concentrations in songbirds collected from the contaminated sites were greater (p < 0.05) than those in songbirds from reference sites by factors of 8 in blood, 13 in liver, and 23 in kidney. Ranges of Pb concentrations in livers (mg Pb/kg dw) were as follows: northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) = 0.11-3.0 (reference) and 1.3-30 (contaminated) and American robin (Turdus migratorius) = 0.43-8.5 (reference) and 7.6-72 (contaminated). Of 34 adult and juvenile songbirds collected from contaminated sites, 11 (32 %) had hepatic Pb concentrations that were consistent with adverse physiological effects, 3 (9 %) with systemic toxic effects, and 4 (12 %) with life-threatening toxic effects. Acid-fast renal intranuclear inclusion bodies, which are indicative of Pb poisoning, were detected in kidneys of two robins that had the greatest renal Pb concentrations (952 and 1,030 mg/kg dw). Mean activity of the enzyme delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) in red blood cells, a well-established bioindicator of Pb poisoning in birds, was decreased by 58-82 % in songbirds from the mining sites. We conclude that habitats within the mining district with soil Pb concentrations of a parts per thousand yen1,000 mg Pb/kg are contaminated to the extent that they are exposing ground-feeding songbirds to toxic concentrations of Pb.
C1 [Beyer, W. Nelson; French, John B.; Rattner, Barnett A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Franson, J. Christian; Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie I.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[May, Thomas] Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Environm Chem Branch, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Warner, Sarah E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Weber, John; Mosby, David] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia, MO 65203 USA.
RP Beyer, WN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC East, Bldg 308,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM nbeyer@usgs.gov
OI Franson, J/0000-0002-0251-4238
FU United States Department of the Interior's Natural Resource Damage
Assessment and Restoration Program; USGS
FX We thank Hillary Wakefield of the Missouri Department of Natural
Resources and Trisha Crabill of the United States Fish and Wildlife
Service (USFWS) for their help in collecting birds. Roy Brazzle and Kate
Healy of the USFWS shared their expertise in collecting blood from the
songbirds. Robin E. Russell of the USGS National Wildlife Health Center
provided statistical advice. Jesse Arms, Vanessa Melton-Silvey, and
Michael J. Walther of the USGS Columbia Environmental Research Center
provided assistance with sample preparation and metal analyses. This
research was funded by the United States Department of the Interior's
Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration Program and by the
USGS. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by
the United States Government.
NR 45
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 32
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 65
IS 3
BP 598
EP 610
DI 10.1007/s00244-013-9923-3
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 213QW
UT WOS:000324074200023
PM 23771631
ER
PT J
AU McAfee, SA
AF McAfee, Stephanie A.
TI Methodological differences in projected potential evapotranspiration
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; DROUGHT INDEXES; GLOBAL DROUGHT; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
EVAPORATION; MODEL; IMPACTS
AB There is growing concern that the higher temperatures expected with climate change will exacerbate drought extent, duration and severity by enhancing evaporative demand. Temperature-based estimates of potential evapotranspiration (PET) are popular for many eminently practical reasons and have served well in many research and management settings. However, a number of recent publications have questioned whether it is appropriate to use temperature-based PET estimates for long-term evaporative demand and drought projections, demonstrating that PET does not always track temperature. Where precipitation changes are modest, methodologically driven differences in the magnitude or direction of PET trends could lead to contrasting drought projections. Here I calculate PET by three methods (Hamon, Priestley-Taylor and Penman) and evaluate whether different techniques introduce disparities in the sign of PET change, the degree of model agreement, or the magnitude of those changes. Changes in temperature-based Hamon PET were more significantly and consistently positive than trends in PET estimated by other methods, and where methods agreed that summer PET would increase, trends in temperature-based PET were often larger in magnitude. The discrepancies in PET trends appear to derive from regional changes in incoming shortwave radiation, wind speed and humidity -- phenomena simpler equations cannot capture. Because multiple variables can influence trends in PET, it may be more justifiable to use data-intensive methods, where the source(s) of uncertainty can be identified, rather than using simpler methods that could mask important trends.
C1 [McAfee, Stephanie A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Scenarios Network Alaska & Arctic Planning, USGS Alaska Climate Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP McAfee, SA (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Geog, Reno, NV 89508 USA.
EM smcafee4@alaska.edu
FU USGS Alaska Climate Science Center
FX I would like to thank John Walsh, Scott Rupp and three anonymous
reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. This research was
performed while the author was a postdoctoral fellow funded by the USGS
Alaska Climate Science Center.
NR 38
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 32
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 120
IS 4
BP 915
EP 930
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0864-7
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223SR
UT WOS:000324830500017
ER
PT J
AU Steven, B
Gallegos-Graves, L
Belnap, J
Kuske, CR
AF Steven, Blaire
Gallegos-Graves, La Verne
Belnap, Jayne
Kuske, Cheryl R.
TI Dryland soil microbial communities display spatial biogeographic
patterns associated with soil depth and soil parent material
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE 16S rRNA gene; arid land; biogeography; biological soil crust;
Cyanobacteria; dryland soil; soil bacteria; soil archaea
ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; COLORADO PLATEAU; DESERT CRUSTS; SUCCESSIONAL
STAGES; AGRICULTURAL FIELD; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; RARE BIOSPHERE; ARID
LANDS; SP NOV.; DIVERSITY
AB Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are common to drylands worldwide. We employed replicated, spatially nested sampling and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to describe the soil microbial communities in three soils derived from different parent material (sandstone, shale, and gypsum). For each soil type, two depths (biocrusts, 0-1cm; below-crust soils, 2-5cm) and two horizontal spatial scales (15cm and 5m) were sampled. In all three soils, Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria demonstrated significantly higher relative abundance in the biocrusts, while Chloroflexi and Archaea were significantly enriched in the below-crust soils. Biomass and diversity of the communities in biocrusts or below-crust soils did not differ with soil type. However, biocrusts on gypsum soil harbored significantly larger populations of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria and lower populations of Cyanobacteria. Numerically dominant operational taxonomic units (OTU; 97% sequence identity) in the biocrusts were conserved across the soil types, whereas two dominant OTUs in the below-crust sand and shale soils were not identified in the gypsum soil. The uniformity with which small-scale vertical community differences are maintained across larger horizontal spatial scales and soil types is a feature of dryland ecosystems that should be considered when designing management plans and determining the response of biocrusts to environmental disturbances.
C1 [Steven, Blaire; Gallegos-Graves, La Verne; Kuske, Cheryl R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA.
RP Kuske, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM kuske@lanl.gov
RI Steven, Blaire/E-5295-2012
OI Steven, Blaire/0000-0001-5940-2432
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program of the Los Alamos
National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy, Biological and
Environmental Research Program [2009LANLF26]; Ecosystems and Climate and
Land Use Programs, USGS
FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development program of the Los Alamos National Laboratory and a Science
Focus Area grant (2009LANLF26) from the U.S. Department of Energy,
Biological and Environmental Research Program, and the Ecosystems and
Climate and Land Use Programs, USGS. This is LANL unclassified report
LA-UR 12-25497. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 68
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 8
U2 105
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0168-6496
EI 1574-6941
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL
JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 86
IS 1
SI SI
BP 101
EP 113
DI 10.1111/1574-6941.12143
PG 13
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 216RC
UT WOS:000324300700010
PM 23621290
ER
PT J
AU Hapke, CJ
Kratzmann, MG
Himmelstoss, EA
AF Hapke, Cheryl J.
Kratzmann, Meredith G.
Himmelstoss, Emily A.
TI Geomorphic and human influence on large-scale coastal change
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Coastal erosion; Shoreline change; Human development; Coastal landform
ID BARRIER-ISLAND EVOLUTION; MIDDLE ATLANTIC SHELF; SHORELINE-POSITION;
UNITED-STATES; BEACH; USA; STORMS; IMPACT
AB An increasing need exists for regional-scale measurements of shoreline change to aid in management and planning decisions over a broad portion of the coast and to inform assessments of coastal vulnerabilities and hazards. A recent dataset of regional shoreline change, covering a large portion of the U.S. East coast (New England and Mid-Atlantic), provides rates of shoreline change over historical (similar to 150 years) and recent (25-30 years) time periods making it ideal for a broad assessment of the regional variation of shoreline change, and the natural and human-induced influences on coastal behavior. The variable coastal landforms of the region provide an opportunity to investigate how specific geomorphic landforms relate to the spatial variability of shoreline change. In addition to natural influences on the rates of change, we examine the effects that development and human modifications to the coastline have on the measurements of regional shoreline change.
Regional variation in the rates of shoreline change is a function of the dominant type and distribution of coastal landform as well as the relative amount of human development. Our results indicate that geomorphology has measurable influence on shoreline change rates. Anthropogenic impacts are found to be greater along the more densely developed and modified portion of the coast where jetties at engineered inlets impound large volumes of sediment resulting in extreme but discrete progradation updrift of jetties. This produces a shift in averaged values of rates that may mask the natural long-term record. Additionally, a strong correlation is found to exist between rates of shoreline change and relative level of human development. Using a geomorphic characterization of the types of coastal landform as a guide for expected relative rates of change, we found that the shoreline appears to be changing naturally only along sparsely developed coasts. Even modest amounts of development influence the rates of change and the human imprint override the geomorphic signal. The study demonstrates that human activities associated with creating and maintaining coastal infrastructure alter the natural behavior of the coast over hundreds of kilometers and time spans greater than a century. This suggests that future assessments of vulnerability, based largely on rates of change along developed coastlines, need to take the role of human alterations into account. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hapke, Cheryl J.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33705 USA.
[Kratzmann, Meredith G.; Himmelstoss, Emily A.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 05243 USA.
RP Hapke, CJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 600 4th St S, St Petersburg, FL 33705 USA.
EM chapke@usgs.gov
FU USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program
FX The authors would like to thank all the participants in the USGS
National Assessment of Coastal Change Hazards project for support,
discussions and assistance with the generation of the shoreline data set
and analysis. Jeff List provided helpful guidance with the uncertainty
calculations. The comments from two anonymous reviewers helped to
improve the manuscript. This research is supported by the USGS Coastal
and Marine Geology Program.
NR 55
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 55
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 199
SI SI
BP 160
EP 170
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.11.025
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 221NJ
UT WOS:000324665300014
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, DM
Pearson, ON
AF Robinson, Delores M.
Pearson, Ofori N.
TI Was Himalayan normal faulting triggered by initiation of the
Ramgarh-Munsiari thrust and development of the Lesser Himalayan duplex?
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ramgarh thrust; Munsiari thrust; Himalaya; Thrust belts
ID MAIN CENTRAL THRUST; SOUTH TIBETAN DETACHMENT; CENTRAL NEPAL HIMALAYA;
ANGLE NORMAL FAULTS; CHANNEL FLOW; WESTERN NEPAL; TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS;
MANASLU LEUKOGRANITE; EASTERN HIMALAYA; NW INDIA
AB The Ramgarh-Munsiari thrust is a major orogen-scale fault that extends for more than 1,500 km along strike in the Himalayan fold-thrust belt. The fault can be traced along the Himalayan arc from Himachal Pradesh, India, in the west to eastern Bhutan. The fault is located within the Lesser Himalayan tectonostratigraphic zone, and it translated Paleoproterozoic Lesser Himalayan rocks more than 100 km toward the foreland. The Ramgarh-Munsiari thrust is always located in the proximal footwall of the Main Central thrust. Northern exposures (toward the hinterland) of the thrust sheet occur in the footwall of the Main Central thrust at the base of the high Himalaya, and southern exposures (toward the foreland) occur between the Main Boundary thrust and Greater Himalayan klippen. Although the metamorphic grade of rocks within the Ramgarh-Munsiari thrust sheet is not significantly different from that of Greater Himalayan rock in the hanging wall of the overlying Main Central thrust sheet, the tectonostratigraphic origin of the two different thrust sheets is markedly different. The Ramgarh-Munsiari thrust became active in early Miocene time and acted as the roof thrust for a duplex system within Lesser Himalayan rocks. The process of slip transfer from the Main Central thrust to the Ramgarh-Munsiari thrust in early Miocene time and subsequent development of the Lesser Himalayan duplex may have played a role in triggering normal faulting along the South Tibetan Detachment system.
C1 [Robinson, Delores M.] Univ Alabama, Dept Geol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Pearson, Ofori N.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Robinson, DM (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Geol Sci, Box 870338, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM dmr@geo.ua.edu
FU National Science Foundation [NSF EAR 0809405]
FX D. Robinson acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation
(NSF EAR 0809405) to continue her research along the Himalayan arc and
support from the Cooperative Institute for Research and Science (CIRES)
at the University of Colorado at Boulder while visiting as a Faculty
Fellow in 2011-2012. We thank the Topic Editors Ramus Thiede and
Soumyajit Mukherjee as well as two anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments, which greatly improved this manuscript.
NR 137
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1437-3254
J9 INT J EARTH SCI
JI Int. J. Earth Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 102
IS 7
BP 1773
EP 1790
DI 10.1007/s00531-013-0895-3
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 220GO
UT WOS:000324571000003
ER
PT J
AU Vivian, LA
Cavallaro, M
Kneeland, K
Lindroth, E
Hoback, WW
Farnsworth-Hoback, KM
Harms, RR
Foster, JE
AF Vivian, Lindsay A.
Cavallaro, Michael
Kneeland, Kate
Lindroth, Erica
Hoback, W. Wyatt
Farnsworth-Hoback, Kerri M.
Harms, Robert R.
Foster, John E.
TI Current known range of the Platte River caddisfly, Ironoquia plattensis,
and genetic variability among populations from three Nebraska Rivers
SO JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Aestivation; Intermittent hydroperiod; Slough; Trichoptera; AFLP
ID SOUTH SWEDISH STREAM; TRICHOPTERA-LIMNEPHILIDAE; LIFE-HISTORY;
DISPERSAL; DIVERSITY; WETLANDS; HABITAT; FLOW; COMMUNITIES; GRADIENT
AB The Platte River caddisfly (Ironoquia plattensis Alexander and Whiles 2000) was recently described from a warm-water slough along the Platte River in central Nebraska and was considered abundant at the type locality. Surveys of 48 sites in 1999 and 2004 found eight additional sites with this species on the Platte River. The caddisfly was not found at the type locality in 2004 and one additional site in 2007, presumably because of drought conditions. Because of its apparent rarity and decline, the Platte River caddisfly is a Tier I species in Nebraska. For this project, surveys for the caddisfly were conducted at 113 new and original sites primarily along the Platte, Loup, and Elkhorn Rivers between 2009 and 2011. These surveys identified 30 new sites with the caddisfly. Larval densities were quantified at a subset of inhabited sites, and there was a large variation of densities observed. Seven sites on other Nebraska drainages were found to support morphologically similar caddisflies, presumably the Platte River caddisfly. Because of the discovery of populations outside the Platte River drainage, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was used to determine the amount of genetic variability and breeding among sites on the Platte, Loup, and Elkhorn Rivers. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) suggested moderate gene flow among the three river systems and that there was more genetic variation within populations than between populations. Differentiation, but not total divergence, was exhibited by the northernmost population from the Elkhorn River. Because it may be considered an indicator species and is vulnerable to ongoing habitat loss and degradation, all Platte River caddisfly populations should be conserved.
C1 [Vivian, Lindsay A.; Harms, Robert R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Grand Isl, NE 68801 USA.
[Cavallaro, Michael; Hoback, W. Wyatt; Farnsworth-Hoback, Kerri M.] Univ Nebraska Kearney, Dept Biol, Kearney, NE 68849 USA.
[Kneeland, Kate; Lindroth, Erica; Foster, John E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Vivian, LA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Grand Isl, NE 68801 USA.
EM lindsayviv@gmail.com; hobackww@unk.edu
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); Nebraska Game and Parks
Commission (NGPC) State Wildlife Grant; Nebraska Public Power District
(NPPD); Central Nebraska Public Power and Irrigation District (CNPPID);
Central Platte Natural Resources District (CPNRD); UNK Student Research
Services Council
FX We would especially like to thank: Dr. Mary Harner of The Crane Trust
for her guidance on the project and recommendations to improve the
manuscript; Dr. Keith Geluso of UNK for helpful discussions on the
caddisfly; Mike Fritz of NGPC for valuable input on this project; Dr.
Keith Koupal of NGPC and University of Nebraska at Kearney for reviewing
this manuscript; Dr. Steve Skoda of the USDA-ARS for technical
assistance and helpful comments regarding the results; and Dr. Justin
Payne for assistance in analyzing our genetic results. Funding for this
project was provided by: the United States Fish and Wildlife Service
(USFWS), a Nebraska Game and Parks Commission (NGPC) State Wildlife
Grant, the Nebraska Public Power District (NPPD), the Central Nebraska
Public Power and Irrigation District (CNPPID), the Central Platte
Natural Resources District (CPNRD), and the UNK Student Research
Services Council.
NR 60
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1366-638X
J9 J INSECT CONSERV
JI J. Insect Conserv.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 17
IS 5
BP 885
EP 895
DI 10.1007/s10841-013-9570-z
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology
GA 221FN
UT WOS:000324643300004
ER
PT J
AU Hart, KM
Sartain, AR
Hillis-Starr, ZM
Phillips, B
Mayor, PA
Roberson, K
Pemberton, RA
Allen, JB
Lundgren, I
Musick, S
AF Hart, Kristen M.
Sartain, Autumn R.
Hillis-Starr, Zandy-Marie
Phillips, Brendalee
Mayor, Philippe A.
Roberson, Kimberly
Pemberton, Roy A., Jr.
Allen, Jason B.
Lundgren, Ian
Musick, Susanna
TI Ecology of juvenile hawksbills (Eretmochelys imbricata) at Buck Island
Reef National Monument, US Virgin Islands
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; TURTLES CHELONIA-MYDAS; IMMATURE GREEN TURTLES;
GROWTH-RATES; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MIGRATORY BEHAVIOR; DIVING BEHAVIOR;
FEEDING GROUNDS; FORAGING AREA; PUERTO-RICO
AB Surveys of juvenile hawksbills around Buck Island Reef National Monument, US Virgin Islands from 1994 to 1999 revealed distributional patterns and resulted in a total of 75 individual hawksbill captures from all years; turtles ranged from 23.2 to 77.7 cm curved carapace length (CCL; mean 42.1 +/- A 12.3 cm SD). Juveniles concentrated where Zoanthid cover was highest. Length of time between recaptures, or presumed minimum site residency, ranged from 59 to 1,396 days (mean 620.8 +/- A 402.4 days SD). Growth rates for 23 juveniles ranged from 0.0 to 9.5 cm year(-1) (mean 4.1 +/- A 2.4 cm year(-1)SD). Annual mean growth rates were non-monotonic, with the largest mean growth rate occurring in the 30-39 cm CCL size class. Gastric lavages indicated that Zoanthids were the primary food source for hawksbills. These results contribute to our understanding of juvenile hawksbill ecology and serve as a baseline for future studies or inventories of hawksbills in the Caribbean.
C1 [Hart, Kristen M.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL USA.
[Phillips, Brendalee] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Philadelphia, PA USA.
[Roberson, Kimberly] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Allen, Jason B.] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
RP Hart, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL USA.
EM kristen_hart@usgs.gov
FU National Park Service; USGS Priority Ecosystem Science Program
FX Fieldwork was permitted by NPS under the DPNR territorial permit (years
1994-1999) and only within Federal waters. National Park accession
numbers from 1998 to 2000: BUIS-00037 to BUIS-00058; catalog number BUIS
3415. Funding for this work was provided by the National Park Service,
and the USGS Priority Ecosystem Science Program. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 49
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 160
IS 10
BP 2567
EP 2580
DI 10.1007/s00227-013-2249-x
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 224GP
UT WOS:000324871300004
ER
PT J
AU Bjorndal, KA
Schroeder, BA
Foley, AM
Witherington, BE
Bresette, M
Clark, D
Herren, RM
Arendt, MD
Schmid, JR
Meylan, AB
Meylan, PA
Provancha, JA
Hart, KM
Lamont, MM
Carthy, RR
Bolten, AB
AF Bjorndal, Karen A.
Schroeder, Barbara A.
Foley, Allen M.
Witherington, Blair E.
Bresette, Michael
Clark, David
Herren, Richard M.
Arendt, Michael D.
Schmid, Jeffrey R.
Meylan, Anne B.
Meylan, Peter A.
Provancha, Jane A.
Hart, Kristen M.
Lamont, Margaret M.
Carthy, Raymond R.
Bolten, Alan B.
TI Temporal, spatial, and body size effects on growth rates of loggerhead
sea turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Northwest Atlantic
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOMATIC GROWTH; DEVELOPMENTAL HABITAT; CHELONIA-MYDAS; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
POPULATION; DYNAMICS; FLORIDA; LIFE
AB In response to a call from the US National Research Council for research programs to combine their data to improve sea turtle population assessments, we analyzed somatic growth data for Northwest Atlantic (NWA) loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from 10 research programs. We assessed growth dynamics over wide ranges of geography (9-33A degrees N latitude), time (1978-2012), and body size (35.4-103.3 cm carapace length). Generalized additive models revealed significant spatial and temporal variation in growth rates and a significant decline in growth rates with increasing body size. Growth was more rapid in waters south of the USA (< 24A degrees N) than in USA waters. Growth dynamics in southern waters in the NWA need more study because sample size was small. Within USA waters, the significant spatial effect in growth rates of immature loggerheads did not exhibit a consistent latitudinal trend. Growth rates declined significantly from 1997 through 2007 and then leveled off or increased. During this same interval, annual nest counts in Florida declined by 43 % (Witherington et al. in Ecol Appl 19:30-54, 2009) before rebounding. Whether these simultaneous declines reflect responses in productivity to a common environmental change should be explored to determine whether somatic growth rates can help interpret population trends based on annual counts of nests or nesting females. Because of the significant spatial and temporal variation in growth rates, population models of NWA loggerheads should avoid employing growth data from restricted spatial or temporal coverage to calculate demographic metrics such as age at sexual maturity.
C1 [Bjorndal, Karen A.; Witherington, Blair E.; Lamont, Margaret M.; Carthy, Raymond R.; Bolten, Alan B.] Univ Florida, Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Bjorndal, Karen A.; Bolten, Alan B.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Schroeder, Barbara A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Foley, Allen M.] Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Jacksonville, FL 32218 USA.
[Witherington, Blair E.] Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Melbourne Beach, FL 32951 USA.
[Witherington, Blair E.; Bresette, Michael; Clark, David; Herren, Richard M.] Inwater Res Grp Inc, Jensen Beach, FL 34957 USA.
[Arendt, Michael D.] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Marine Resources Div, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Schmid, Jeffrey R.] Conservancy Southwest Florida, Dept Environm Sci, Naples, FL 34102 USA.
[Meylan, Anne B.] Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Meylan, Anne B.; Meylan, Peter A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Meylan, Peter A.] Eckerd Coll, Nat Sci Coll, St Petersburg, FL 33711 USA.
[Provancha, Jane A.] InoMed Hlth Applicat, Kennedy Space Ctr, Merritt Isl, FL 32899 USA.
[Hart, Kristen M.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Lamont, Margaret M.; Carthy, Raymond R.] Univ Florida, US Geol Survey, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Bjorndal, KA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM bjorndal@ufl.edu
OI Bjorndal, Karen/0000-0002-6286-1901
FU Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund; Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission; NASA-John F. Kennedy Space Center; National
Marine Fisheries Service; National Park Service; US Geological Survey;
Wildlife Conservation Society (New York)
FX We are very grateful to the many people who assisted with turtle
captures and measurements: B. Bolt, A. Brame, B. Brost, R. Burrows, J.
Byrd, R. Cancro, E. Chadwick, M. Cherkiss, S. Connett, C. Crady, B.
Crouchley, S. Gann, C. Hackett, T. Hirama, R. Lowers, K.
Holloway-Adkins, K. Ludwig, K. Minch, H. Nixon, J. Nixon, S. Nixon, L.
Ogren, M. Provancha, T. Redlow, E. Reyier, B. Reynolds, A. Sartain, D.
Scheidt, J. Schwenter, A. Segars, B. Stephens, and W. Witzell. For
logistical support, we thank C. Douglass, J. Douglass, T. Gottshall, K.
Nimmo, J. Spade, and T. Ziegler. For data management, we thank P.E.
Eliazar. We used the Maptool program (see www.seaturtle.org) to create
the map in this paper. Our studies were supported by several funding
sources: Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund, Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission, NASA-John F. Kennedy Space Center, National
Marine Fisheries Service, National Park Service, US Geological Survey,
and the Wildlife Conservation Society (New York). All turtle captures
and handling were conducted with appropriate national and state research
permits and approved IACUC protocols, where applicable. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 33
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 46
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 160
IS 10
BP 2711
EP 2721
DI 10.1007/s00227-013-2264-y
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 224GP
UT WOS:000324871300016
ER
PT J
AU Husak, GJ
Funk, CC
Michaelsen, J
Magadzire, T
Goldsberry, KP
AF Husak, Gregory J.
Funk, Christopher C.
Michaelsen, Joel
Magadzire, Tamuka
Goldsberry, Kirk P.
TI Developing seasonal rainfall scenarios for food security early warning
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTH-AFRICA; MODEL; ZIMBABWE
AB Rainfed agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 95 % of the local cereal production, impacting hundreds of millions of people. Early identification of poor rainfall conditions is a critical indicator of food security. As such, monitoring accumulated seasonal rainfall gives an important mid-season estimate of final accumulated totals. However, characterizing the remaining uncertainty in a season has largely been ignored by the food security community. This paper presents a new technique describing rainfall conditions over the duration of a crop-growing cycle by combining estimated rainfall-to-date with potential scenarios for the remaining season based on available satellite rainfall estimates, the common tool for rainfall analysis in Africa. The limited historical record provided by satellite rainfall estimates using previous seasons provides only a coarse view of likely seasonal totals. To combat this, scenarios developed by bootstrapping dekadal data to create synthetic seasons allow for a finer understanding of potential seasonal accumulations. Updating this throughout the season shows a narrowing envelope of seasonal totals, converging on the final seasonal result. The resulting scenarios inform the expectations for the final seasonal rainfall accumulation, allowing analysts to quantify and visualize the uncertainty in seasonal totals. Giving decision makers a tool for understanding the likelihood of specific rainfall amounts provides additional time to enact and mobilize efforts to reduce the impact of agricultural drought.
C1 [Husak, Gregory J.; Funk, Christopher C.; Michaelsen, Joel] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Funk, Christopher C.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources & Observat Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Magadzire, Tamuka] Southern African Dev Commun, Famine Early Warning Syst Network, Gaborone, Botswana.
[Goldsberry, Kirk P.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Husak, GJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM husak@geog.ucsb.edu
FU Famine Early Warning Systems Network; USGS [G09AC00001]
FX This work was supported by the Famine Early Warning Systems Network and
USGS award #G09AC00001.
NR 23
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-798X
J9 THEOR APPL CLIMATOL
JI Theor. Appl. Climatol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 114
IS 1-2
BP 291
EP 302
DI 10.1007/s00704-013-0838-8
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 221SA
UT WOS:000324677900024
ER
PT J
AU Jorgensen, CF
Stutzman, RJ
Anderson, LC
Decker, SE
Powell, LA
Schacht, WH
Fontaine, JJ
AF Jorgensen, Christopher F.
Stutzman, Ryan J.
Anderson, Lars C.
Decker, Suzanne E.
Powell, Larkin A.
Schacht, Walter H.
Fontaine, Joseph J.
TI Choosing a DIVA: a comparison of emerging digital imagery vegetation
analysis techniques
SO APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Grassland vegetation structure; Estimating vegetative cover; Standing
crop estimate; Vertical obstruction; Visual obstruction
ID VISUAL OBSTRUCTION MEASUREMENTS; ESTIMATING STANDING CROP; TALLGRASS
PRAIRIE; GROUND COVER; BIOMASS; PHOTOGRAPHS; GRASSLANDS; MOUNTAINS;
ROBEL
AB Question: What is the precision of five methods of measuring vegetation structure using ground-based digital imagery and processing techniques?
Location: Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
Methods: Vertical herbaceous cover was recorded using digital imagery techniques at two distinct locations in a mixed-grass prairie. The precision of five ground-based digital imagery vegetation analysis (DIVA) methods for measuring vegetation structure was tested using a split-split plot analysis of covariance. Variability within each DIVA technique was estimated using coefficient of variation of mean percentage cover.
Results: Vertical herbaceous cover estimates differed among DIVA techniques. Additionally, environmental conditions affected the vertical vegetation obstruction estimates for certain digital imagery methods, while other techniques were more adept at handling various conditions. Overall, percentage vegetation cover values differed among techniques, but the precision of four of the five techniques was consistently high.
Conclusions: DIVA procedures are sufficient for measuring various heights and densities of standing herbaceous cover. Moreover, digital imagery techniques can reduce measurement error associated with multiple observers' standing herbaceous cover estimates, allowing greater opportunity to detect patterns associated with vegetation structure.
C1 [Jorgensen, Christopher F.; Stutzman, Ryan J.; Anderson, Lars C.; Decker, Suzanne E.; Powell, Larkin A.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Jorgensen, Christopher F.; Stutzman, Ryan J.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Anderson, Lars C.; Schacht, Walter H.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Fontaine, Joseph J.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Jorgensen, CF (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM cjorgensen@huskers.unl.edu; ryan.stutzman85@huskers.unl.edu;
lars.c.anderson@gmail.com; suzidecker@gmail.com; lpowell3@unl.edu;
wschacht1@unl.edu; jfontaine2@unl.edu
RI Fontaine, Joseph/F-6557-2010
OI Fontaine, Joseph/0000-0002-7639-9156
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center, Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration projects [W-89-R]; Hatch Act
funds; U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission;
University of Nebraska; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife
Management Institute
FX We thank E. Blankenship, A. Cox, K. Decker, J. Laskowski, L. Messinger,
J. Quinn and A. Tyre for comments and support. Funding for this project
was received from the U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and
Wildlife Science Center, Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration projects
W-89-R, administered by the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, and
Hatch Act funds administered by the University of Nebraska Agricultural
Research Division, Lincoln, Nebraska. Any use of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
supported by a cooperative agreement among the U.S. Geological Survey,
the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska, the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 43
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1402-2001
EI 1654-109X
J9 APPL VEG SCI
JI Appl. Veg. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 16
IS 4
BP 552
EP 560
DI 10.1111/avsc.12037
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA 213WJ
UT WOS:000324090800002
ER
PT J
AU Al-Ameri, TK
Jafar, MSA
Pitman, J
AF Al-Ameri, Thamer K.
Jafar, Mohamed S. A.
Pitman, Janet
TI 1D PetroMod software modeling of the Basrah oil fields, Southern Iraq
SO ARABIAN JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE PetroMod software; Hydrocarbon charge modeling; Source rocks;
Palynomorph facies; South Iraq; Basra region; Late Jurassic; Early
Cretaceous
ID CRETACEOUS SULAIY FORMATION; DEPOSITIONAL-ENVIRONMENTS; PALYNOFACIES
INDICATIONS; HYDROCARBONS; ZUBAIR
AB 1D (Petromod) hydrocarbon charge modeling and source rock characterization of the Lower Cretaceous and Upper Jurassic underlying the prolific Cretaceous and Tertiary reservoirs in the Basra oilfields in southern Iraq. The study is based on well data of the Majnoon, West Qurna, Nahr Umr, Zubair, and Rumaila oil fields. Burial histories indicate complete maturation of Upper Jurassic source rocks during the Late Cretaceous to Paleogene followed by very recent (Neogene) maturation of the Low/Mid Cretaceous succession from early to mid-oil window conditions, consistent with the regional Iraq study of Pitman et al. (Geo Arab 9(4):41-72, 2004). These two main phases of hydrocarbon generation are synchronous with the main tectonic events and trap formation associated with Late Cretaceous closure of the neo-Tethys; the onset of continent-continent collision associated with the Zagros orogeny and Neogene opening of the Gulf of Suez/Red Sea. Palynofacies of the Lower Cretaceous Sulaiy and Lower Yamama Formations and of the Upper Jurassic Najmah/Naokelekan confirm their source rock potential, supported by pyrolysis data. To what extent the Upper Jurassic source rocks contributed to charge of the overlying Cretaceous reservoirs remains uncertain because of the Upper Jurassic Gotnia evaporite seal in between. The younger Cretaceous rocks do not contain source rocks nor were they buried deep enough for significant hydrocarbon generation.
C1 [Al-Ameri, Thamer K.] Univ Baghdad, Dept Geol, Jadiriyah, Iraq.
[Jafar, Mohamed S. A.] Minist Oil, Oil Explorat Co, Baghdad, Iraq.
[Pitman, Janet] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Al-Ameri, TK (reprint author), Univ Baghdad, Dept Geol, Jadiriyah, Iraq.
EM thamer_alameri@yahoo.com
FU Geomark Research Ltd.; organic geochemical lab in the Department of
Geology in the College of Science of the University of Baghdad
FX Many thanks and acknowledgements are due to Basrah Oil Company for the
provision of rock samples and well data (formation depths and
temperatures) and to the Iraqi Oil Exploration Company for providing the
seismic sections used in this paper. Pyrolysis analyses were done by
Geomark Research Ltd., while palynological preparations were done in the
organic geochemical lab in the Department of Geology in the College of
Science of the University of Baghdad. We acknowledge both for their
support and help. Jan Schreurs of the Shell oil company is thanked for
reading the manuscript and providing suggestions.
NR 42
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 8
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1866-7511
J9 ARAB J GEOSCI
JI Arab. J. Geosci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 10
BP 3783
EP 3808
DI 10.1007/s12517-012-0640-4
PG 26
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 216XP
UT WOS:000324320400016
ER
PT J
AU Doyle, JT
Redsteer, MH
Eggers, MJ
AF Doyle, John T.
Redsteer, Margaret Hiza
Eggers, Margaret J.
TI Exploring effects of climate change on Northern Plains American Indian
health
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES
AB American Indians have unique vulnerabilities to the impacts of climate change because of the links among ecosystems, cultural practices, and public health, but also as a result of limited resources available to address infrastructure needs. On the Crow Reservation in south-central Montana, a Northern Plains American Indian Reservation, there are community concerns about the consequences of climate change impacts for community health and local ecosystems. Observations made by Tribal Elders about decreasing annual snowfall and milder winter temperatures over the 20th century initiated an investigation of local climate and hydrologic data by the Tribal College. The resulting analysis of meteorological data confirmed the decline in annual snowfall and an increase in frost free days. In addition, the data show a shift in precipitation from winter to early spring. The number of days exceeding 90 EeF (32 EeC) has doubled in the past century. Streamflow data show a long-term trend of declining discharge. Elders noted that the changes are affecting fish distribution within local streams and plant species which provide subsistence foods. Concerns about warmer summer temperatures also include heat exposure during outdoor ceremonies that involve days of fasting without food or water. Additional community concerns about the effects of climate change include increasing flood frequency and fire severity, as well as declining water quality. The authors call for local research to understand and document current effects and project future impacts as a basis for planning adaptive strategies.
C1 [Doyle, John T.] Little Big Horn Coll, Crow Water Qual Project, Crow Agcy, MT 59022 USA.
[Doyle, John T.] Apsaalooke Water & Wastewater Author, Crow Agcy, MT USA.
[Doyle, John T.] Crow Environm Hlth Steering Comm, Crow Agcy, MT USA.
[Redsteer, Margaret Hiza] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Eggers, Margaret J.] Little Big Horn Coll, Crow Agcy, MT 59022 USA.
[Eggers, Margaret J.] Montana State Univ, Microbiol Dept CBE, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Doyle, JT (reprint author), Little Big Horn Coll, Crow Water Qual Project, 8645 S Weaver Dr, Crow Agcy, MT 59022 USA.
EM johndoyle91@gmail.com; mhiza@usgs.gov; eggersm@lbhc.edu
OI Hiza Redsteer, Margaret/0000-0003-2851-2502
FU NSF Course, Curriculum and Laboratory Improvement grant; Center for
Native Health Partnerships' Grant from NIH's National Institute of
Minority Health and Health Disparities [P20MD002317]; EPA STAR Research
Assistance Agreement [FP91674401]; EPA - National Center for
Environmental Research Grant [R833706]
FX The work at Little Big Horn College was supported by a NSF Course,
Curriculum and Laboratory Improvement grant; Center for Native Health
Partnerships' Grant #P20MD002317 from NIH's National Institute of
Minority Health and Health Disparities; EPA STAR Research Assistance
Agreement #FP91674401 and an EPA - National Center for Environmental
Research Grant #R833706. The content is solely the authors'
responsibility; it has not been formally reviewed by the funders and
does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or the EPA.
The EPA does not endorse any of the products mentioned.
NR 34
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Z9 4
U1 2
U2 40
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 120
IS 3
SI SI
BP 643
EP 655
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0799-z
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 216HB
UT WOS:000324271700011
ER
PT J
AU Alvarez, DA
AF Alvarez, David A.
TI Development of semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) and polar organic
chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) for environmental monitoring
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-SITU; CONTAMINANTS; WATER
C1 US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO USA.
RP Alvarez, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO USA.
EM dalvarez@usgs.gov
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 10
BP 2179
EP 2181
DI 10.1002/etc.2339
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 211EI
UT WOS:000323887300002
PM 24006333
ER
PT J
AU Torres, L
Orazio, CE
Peterman, PH
Patino, R
AF Torres, Leticia
Orazio, Carl E.
Peterman, Paul H.
Patino, Reynaldo
TI Effects of dietary exposure to brominated flame retardant BDE-47 on
thyroid condition, gonadal development and growth of zebrafish
SO FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE BDE-47; Zebrafish; Juvenile; Growth; Thyroid; Gametogenesis
ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; MINNOWS PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; CARP
CYPRINUS-CARPIO; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; TELEOST FISH;
COMMON CARP; LAKE TROUT; BALTIC SEA; HORMONE
AB Little is known about the effects of brominated flame retardants in teleosts and some of the information currently available is inconsistent. This study examined effects of dietary exposure to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on thyroid condition, body mass and size, and gonadal development of zebrafish. Pubertal, 49-day-old (posthatch) fish were fed diets without BDE-47 (control) or with 1, 5 or 25 mu g/g BDE-47/diet. Treatments were conducted in triplicate 30-L tanks each containing 50 zebrafish, and 15 fish per treatment (5 per tank) were sampled at days 40, 80 and 120 of exposure. Measurements were taken of body mass, standard length, head depth and head length. Sex (at 40-120 days of exposure), germ cell stage (at 40 days) and thyroid condition (at 120 days; follicular cell height, colloid depletion, angiogenesis) were histologically determined. Whole-body BDE-47 levels at study completion were within the high end of levels reported in environmentally exposed (wild) fishes. Analysis of variance was used to determine differences among treatments at each sampling time. No effects were observed on thyroid condition or germ cell stage in either sex. Reduced head length was observed in females exposed to BDE-47 at 80 days but not at 40 or 120 days. In males, no apparent effects of BDE-47 were observed at 40 and 80 days, but fish exposed to 25 mu g/g had lower body mass at 120 days compared to control fish. These observations suggest that BDE-47 at environmentally relevant whole-body concentrations does not affect thyroid condition or pubertal development of zebrafish but does affect growth during the juvenile-to-adult transition, especially in males.
C1 [Torres, Leticia; Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Torres, Leticia; Peterman, Paul H.; Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Orazio, Carl E.; Peterman, Paul H.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Patino, R (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM reynaldo.patino@ttu.edu
FU USGS Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; USGS Biology
Contaminants Program; USGS Columbia Environmental Research Center; US
Geological Survey; Texas Tech University; Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX This study was facilitated by a TTU-AB 2007 minigrant and funding from
the USGS Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, the USGS
Biology Contaminants Program, and the USGS Columbia Environmental
Research Center. The Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
is jointly supported by the US Geological Survey, Texas Tech University,
Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, US Fish and Wildlife Service and
The Wildlife Management Institute. Thanks are due to Kevin Feltz, John
Meadows and Kathy Echols of USGS for analytical chemistry support. Use
of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 53
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Z9 7
U1 5
U2 28
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-1742
J9 FISH PHYSIOL BIOCHEM
JI Fish Physiol. Biochem.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 39
IS 5
BP 1115
EP 1128
DI 10.1007/s10695-012-9768-0
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology
GA 217EL
UT WOS:000324339500006
PM 23334565
ER
PT J
AU Jenkins, SR
Betts, MG
Huso, MM
Hagar, JC
AF Jenkins, Stephanie R.
Betts, Matthew G.
Huso, Manuela M.
Hagar, Joan C.
TI Habitat selection by juvenile Swainson's thrushes (Catharus ustulatus)
in headwater riparian areas, Northwestern Oregon, USA
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Habitat selection; Juvenile songbird; Swainson's thrush; Headwater
stream; Riparian
ID INSECTIVOROUS BIRD ABUNDANCE; COAST RANGE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST;
POSTFLEDGING MOVEMENTS; RADIO-TRANSMITTERS; WESTERN OREGON; WOOD
THRUSHES; CANOPY COVER; SURVIVAL; LANDSCAPE
AB Lower order, non-fish-bearing streams, often termed "headwater streams", have received minimal research effort and protection priority, especially in mesic forests where distinction between riparian and upland vegetation can be subtle. Though it is generally thought that breeding bird abundance is higher in riparian zones, little is known about species distributions when birds are in their juvenile stage - a critical period in terms of population viability. Using radio telemetry, we examined factors affecting habitat selection by juvenile Swainson's thrushes during the post-breeding period in headwater basins in the Coast Range of Oregon, USA. We tested models containing variables expected to influence the amount of food and cover (i.e., deciduous cover, coarse wood volume, and proximity to stream) as well as models containing variables that are frequently measured and manipulated in forest management (i.e., deciduous and coniferous trees separated into size classes). juvenile Swainson's thrushes were more likely to select locations with at least 25% cover of deciduous, mid-story vegetation and more than 2.0 m(3)/ha of coarse wood within 40 m of headwater streams. We conclude that despite their small and intermittent nature, headwater streams and adjacent riparian areas are selected over upland areas by Swainson's thrush during the postfledging period in the Oregon Coast Range. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Jenkins, Stephanie R.; Betts, Matthew G.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Huso, Manuela M.; Hagar, Joan C.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Jenkins, SR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Snake River Res Unit, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83870 USA.
EM steph.r.jenkins@gmail.com
FU USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center; Oregon State
University
FX We thank A. Mohoric, D. Wiens, J. Watson, E. Dittmar, M. Moses, N.
Jenkins, M Jenkins-Aho, B. Barbaree, M. Schuiteman, J. Leslie,H. Howell
and D. Leer for their assistance in the field. We would also like to
thank B. Gerth, J. Banks, B. Morrisette, K. Meyer, Y. Su and L. Ashkenas
for additional sampling efforts. We also appreciate the thoughtful
critiques from three anonymous journal reviewers. Financial support for
this project was provided by the USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem
Science Center and Oregon State University. This project was completed
in cooperation with The Weyerhaeuser Company, Oregon Department of
Forestry and Bureau of Land Management. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 77
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 305
BP 88
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.04.041
PG 8
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 215PM
UT WOS:000324222800010
ER
PT J
AU Lehnen, SE
Rodewald, AD
AF Lehnen, Sarah E.
Rodewald, Amanda D.
TI Daily and seasonal movements of a shrubland-obligate breeder in relation
to mature forest edge habitat
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Edge; Home range; Yellow-breasted Chat; Geometric constraints; Passive
displacement; Telemetry
ID KERNEL DENSITY ESTIMATORS; YELLOW-BREASTED CHAT; HOME-RANGE ANALYSIS;
TERRITORY SIZE; NEST PREDATION; AREA-SENSITIVITY; LANDSCAPE; BIRDS;
RESPONSES; AUTOCORRELATION
AB The effects of edge habitat on wildlife populations have been studied extensively in recent decades, but most studies have focused on describing patterns of edge effects rather than identifying the mechanisms driving these effects. Based on evidence of lower densities of shrubland birds in edge versus interior habitat, we tested four hypotheses that could produce a pattern of apparent edge avoidance: (1) active avoidance of edges due to high risk of predation in edge habitat, (2) conspecific interactions that promote greater use of interior habitat due to territorial defense, (3) passive displacement of avian home ranges, such that sampling in the interior is more likely to intersect multiple home ranges compared to sampling at edges, and (4) home range expansion along edges. To test these hypotheses, we radio-marked 39 male Yellow-breasted Chats (Icteria virens) during the breeding seasons of 2005 and 2006 and relocated each bird 4-5 days/week. Our results did not support the hypothesis that Yellow-breasted Chats avoided habitat edges in either home range placement or habitat usage within their home ranges though there was some support for greater usage of interior habitat during the peak of the breeding season. Size of home ranges did not vary with distance from edge. These results support the passive displacement hypothesis and, to a lesser extent, the conspecific interactions hypothesis. The passive displacement hypothesis predicts lower abundances in the edges compared to the center of a habitat patch because areas in the patch center receive individuals from all directions whereas areas near the edges do not. Thus, edge habitat may still provide quality habitat for shrubland birds in our system. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lehnen, Sarah E.; Rodewald, Amanda D.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Lehnen, SE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, POB 1306, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA.
EM lehnen.2@osu.edu
RI Rodewald, Amanda/I-6308-2016
OI Rodewald, Amanda/0000-0002-6719-6306
FU Ohio Division of Wildlife; US Fish and Wildlife Service; School of
Environment and Natural Resources at Ohio State University
FX We thank the many technicians who worked on the project: A. Byrd, J.
Pennington, M. Falconer, D. Brown, J. Philhower, M. MacArthur, and A.
Anderson. We thank S. Gerht, T. Koonz, and T. Waite for serving on the
dissertation committee. We thank D.I. King, P. Attiwill, and four
anonymous reviewers for providing detailed and constructive comments on
an earlier version of this manuscript. The Ohio Division of Wildlife and
the US Fish and Wildlife Service funded this project through the State
Wildlife Grant program and with funds donated to the Ohio Wildlife
Diversity and Endangered Species Program. We also thank the School of
Environment and Natural Resources at Ohio State University for student
and project support. Permission to use study sites was granted by the
Ohio Division of Forestry and New Page (formerly Mead-Westvaco). This
research was in agreement with The Ohio State University (ILACUC)
approved protocols 00A0167 and 2004A0047 (A.D. Rodewald).
NR 58
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U1 3
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 305
BP 112
EP 119
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.04.045
PG 8
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 215PM
UT WOS:000324222800013
ER
PT J
AU Yuan, SD
Chou, IM
Burruss, RC
Wang, XL
Li, JK
AF Yuan, Shunda
Chou, I-Ming
Burruss, Robert C.
Wang, Xiaolin
Li, Jiankang
TI Disproportionation and thermochemical sulfate reduction reactions in
S-H2O-CH4 and S-D2O-CH4 systems from 200 to 340 degrees C at elevated
pressures
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID DEEP CARBONATE RESERVOIRS; VALLEY-TYPE DEPOSITS; SICHUAN BASIN;
SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS; SMACKOVER FORMATION; BURIAL DIAGENESIS;
HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; AQUEOUS SULFATE; KHUFF FORMATION; ORGANIC-MATTER
AB Elemental sulfur, as a transient intermediate compound, by-product, or catalyst, plays significant roles in thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) reactions. However, the mechanisms of the reactions in S-H2O-hydrocarbons systems are not clear. To improve our understanding of reaction mechanisms, we conducted a series of experiments between 200 and 340 degrees C for S-H2O-CH4, S-D2O-CH4, and S-CH4-1m ZnBr2 systems in fused silica capillary capsules (FSCCs). After a heating period ranging from 24 to 2160 h (hrs), the quenched samples were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy. Combined with the in situ Raman spectra collected at high temperatures and pressures in the S-H2O and S-H2O-CH4 systems, our results showed that (1) the disproportionation of sulfur in the S-H2O-CH4 system occurred at temperatures above 200 degrees C and produced H2S, SO42-, and possibly trace amount of HSO4-; (2) sulfate (and bisulfate), in the presence of sulfur, can be reduced by methane between 250 and 340 degrees C to produce CO2 and H2S, and these TSR temperatures are much closer to those of the natural system (<200 degrees C) than those of any previous experiments; (3) the disproportionation and TSR reactions in the S-H2O-CH4 system may take place simultaneously, with TSR being favored at higher temperatures; and, (4) in the system S-D2O-CH4, both TSR and the competitive disproportionation reactions occurred simultaneously at temperatures above 300 degrees C, but these reactions were very slow at lower temperatures. Our observation of methane reaction at 250 degrees C in a laboratory time scale suggests that, on a geologic time scale, methane may be destroyed by TSR reactions at temperatures >200 degrees C that can be reached by deep drilling for hydrocarbon resources. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yuan, Shunda; Li, Jiankang] CAGS, MLR Key Lab Metallogeny & Mineral Assessment, Inst Mineral Resources, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China.
[Yuan, Shunda] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Ore Deposit Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China.
[Yuan, Shunda; Chou, I-Ming] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 954, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Chou, I-Ming] Chinese Acad Sci, Sanya Inst Deep Sea Sci & Engn, Lab Expt Study Deep Sea Extreme Condit, Sanya 572000, Peoples R China.
[Burruss, Robert C.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 956, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Wang, Xiaolin] Nanjing Univ, State Key Lab Mineral Deposits Res, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Xiaolin] Nanjing Univ, Inst Energy Sci, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
RP Yuan, SD (reprint author), CAGS, MLR Key Lab Metallogeny & Mineral Assessment, Inst Mineral Resources, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China.
EM sdyuan011981@yahoo.com.cn
FU National Nonprofit Institute Research Grants of CAGS-IMR [K1001, K1204];
Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry,
Institute of Geochemistry, CAS [201011]; Knowledge Innovation Program of
Chinese Academy of Sciences [SIDSSE-201302]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [41173052, 40903020]; Energy and Mineral Programs of
U.S. Geological Survey
FX We would like to thank Prof. Richard Worden (University of Liverpool,
UK), Geoffrey Ellis (U.S. Geological Survey), Greg Anderson (University
of Toronto, Canada), and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive
reviews. We also like to thank Prof. Marc Norman and Prof. Jeff Alt for
their editorial help. This work was partly supported by the National
Nonprofit Institute Research Grants of CAGS-IMR (K1001, K1204), the Open
Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry,
Institute of Geochemistry, CAS (201011), the Knowledge Innovation
Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (SIDSSE-201302), the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 41173052, 40903020) and the
Energy and Mineral Programs of U.S. Geological Survey. The use of trade,
product, industry, or firm names in this report is for descriptive
purpose only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological
Survey and the U.S. Government.
NR 62
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U1 2
U2 36
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 118
BP 263
EP 275
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2013.05.021
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 213DZ
UT WOS:000324035800016
ER
PT J
AU Lillis, PG
Selby, D
AF Lillis, Paul G.
Selby, David
TI Evaluation of the rhenium-osmium geochronometer in the Phosphoria
petroleum system, Bighorn Basin of Wyoming and Montana, USA
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOCHEMICAL SULFATE REDUCTION; RICH SEDIMENTARY-ROCKS; BIG HORN
BASIN; HYDROUS PYROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS; RE-OS GEOCHRONOLOGY; CRUDE OILS;
PALEOZOIC OILS; UNITED-STATES; HYDROCARBON MATURATION; ISOTOPE RATIOS
AB Rhenium-osmium (Re-Os) geochronometry is applied to crude oils derived from the Permian Phosphoria Formation of the Bighorn Basin in Wyoming and Montana to determine whether the radiogenic age reflects the timing of petroleum generation, timing of migration, age of the source rock, or the timing of thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). The oils selected for this study are interpreted to be derived from the Meade Peak Phosphatic Shale and Retort Phosphatic Shale Members of the Phosphoria Formation based on oil-oil and oil-source rock correlations utilizing bulk properties, elemental composition, delta C-13 and delta S-34 values, and biomarker distributions. The delta S-34 values of the oils range from -6.2 parts per thousand to +5.7 parts per thousand, with oils heavier than -2 parts per thousand interpreted to be indicative of TSR. The Re and Os isotope data of the Phosphoria oils plot in two general trends: (1) the main trend (n = 15 oils) yielding a Triassic age (239 +/- 43 Ma) with an initial Os-187/Os-188 value of 0.85 +/- 0.42 and a mean square weighted deviation (MSWD) of 1596, and (2) the Torchlight trend (n = 4 oils) yielding a Miocene age (9.24 +/- 0.39 Ma) with an initial Os-187/Os-188 value of 1.88 +/- 0.01 and a MSWD of 0.05. The scatter (high MSWD) in the main-trend regression is due, in part, to TSR in reservoirs along the eastern margin of the basin. Excluding oils that have experienced TSR, the regression is significantly improved, yielding an age of 211 +/- 21 Ma with a MSWD of 148. This revised age is consistent with some studies that have proposed Late Triassic as the beginning of Phosphoria oil generation and migration, and does not seem to reflect the source rock age (Permian) or the timing of re-migration (Late Cretaceous to Eocene) associated with the Laramide orogeny. The low precision of the revised regression (+/-21 Ma) is not unexpected for this oil family given the long duration of generation from a large geographic area of mature Phosphoria source rock, and the possible range in the initial Os-187/Os-188 values of the Meade Peak and Retort source units. Effects of re-migration may have contributed to the scatter, but thermal cracking and biodegradation likely have had minimal or no effect on the main-trend regression. The four Phosphoria-sourced oils from Torchlight and Lamb fields yield a precise Miocene age Re-Os isochron that may reflect the end of TSR in the reservoir due to cooling below a threshold temperature in the last 10 m.y. from uplift and erosion of overlying rocks.
The mechanism for the formation of a Re-Os isotopic relationship in a family of crude oils may involve multiple steps in the petroleum generation process. Bitumen generation from the source rock kerogen may provide a reset of the isotopic chronometer, and incremental expulsion of oil over the duration of the oil window may provide some of the variation seen in Re-187/Os-188 values from an oil family. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lillis, Paul G.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Selby, David] Univ Durham, Dept Earth Sci, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
RP Lillis, PG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 977, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM plillis@usgs.gov; david.selby@durham.ac.uk
NR 91
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U1 1
U2 30
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 118
BP 312
EP 330
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2013.04.021
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 213DZ
UT WOS:000324035800019
ER
PT J
AU Kynard, B
Parker, E
Kynard, B
Horgan, M
AF Kynard, B.
Parker, E.
Kynard, B.
Horgan, M.
TI Behavioural response of Kootenai white sturgeon (Acipenser
transmontanus, Richardson, 1836) early life stages to gravel, pebble,
and rubble substrates: guidelines for rearing substrate size
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SPAWNING HABITAT; RIVER
AB Guidelines for creating rearing substrate for sturgeon early life stages are needed for restoration programmes creating habitats for spawning and rearing of early life stages. To determine the effects of rock size on motile early life stages, experiments were conducted in artificial streams to observe the behaviour of free embryos and larvae of Kootenai River white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) relative to rock size. Most (90%) of the free embryos in replicate test streams with 100% gravel, 100% pebble, or 100% rubble hid under rocks, with few moving downstream. There was no difference in downstream movement of free embryos among rock treatments, therefore all rock types provided cover habitat. Similarly, in rock mixture tests, with a variable percentage of pebble, small rubble, or large rubble in different tanks, even fewer free embryos moved downstream. With increasing age, larvae increasingly used the open bottom and velocity refuges downstream of or alongside rocks of any size while drift feeding. Downstream movement of larvae in both rock regime tests was affected by rock size, with significantly reduced movement relative to increasing abundance of large rock (rubble). However, in all rock mixtures, free embryos (and later, larvae when they stopped dispersing) preferred the smallest rock size available (pebble; P=0.0001). This suggests a strong innate preference of both life stages for small substrate that is likely related to increased survival. A rock mixture of 10% gravel (16-32mm diameter) and 30-40% pebble (diameter, 30-60mm) should provide adequate rearing substrate for free embryos and early-larvae. The remaining 50-60% should be mixed rubble and boulders for spawning and egg rearing.
C1 [Kynard, B.; Kynard, B.; Horgan, M.] BK Riverfish LLC, Amherst, MA 01002 USA.
[Kynard, B.; Parker, E.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Lab, Turners Falls, MA USA.
[Kynard, B.; Kynard, B.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Kynard, B (reprint author), BK Riverfish LLC, 28 Echo Hill Rd, Amherst, MA 01002 USA.
EM kynard@eco.umass.edu
FU Bonneville Power Administration through the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho
FX Funding was provided by the Bonneville Power Administration through the
Kootenai Tribe of Idaho (Sue Ireland, Project Coordinator). Thanks to
the Kootenai Tribe Hatchery staff for providing fertilized eggs and
advice. Fish were studied under U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service Permit
#TE798744-6 to the Kootenai Tribe. Animal care was under the Animal Care
Protocol, Conte AFRC.
NR 16
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Z9 3
U1 0
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0175-8659
J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL
JI J. Appl. Ichthyol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 5
BP 951
EP 957
DI 10.1111/jai.12279
PG 7
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 213OP
UT WOS:000324067600002
ER
PT J
AU Albers, JL
Wildhaber, ML
DeLonay, AJ
AF Albers, J. L.
Wildhaber, M. L.
DeLonay, A. J.
TI Gonadosomatic index and fecundity of Lower Missouri and Middle
Mississippi River endangered pallid sturgeon estimated using minimally
invasive techniques
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; ACIPENSER-TRANSMONTANUS; LATITUDINAL VARIATION;
REPRODUCTIVE STAGE; WHITE STURGEON; DETERMINE SEX; LIFE-HISTORY;
SCAPHIRHYNCHUS; MATURITY; ENDOSCOPY
AB Minimally invasive, non-lethal methods of ultrasonography were used to assess sex, egg diameter, fecundity, gonad volume, and gonadosomatic index, as well as endoscopy to visually assess the reproductive stage of Scaphirhynchus albus. Estimated mean egg diameters of 2.202 +/- 0.187mm and mean fecundity of 44531 +/- 23940 eggs were similar to previous studies using invasive techniques. Mean S.albus gonadosomatic indices (GSI) for reproductive and non-reproductive females were 16.16 and 1.26%, respectively, while reproductive and non-reproductive male GSI were 2.00 and 0.43%, respectively. There was no relationship between hybrid status or capture location and GSI. Mean fecundity was 48.5% higher than hatchery spawn estimates. Fecundity increased as fork length increased but did so more dramatically in the upper river kilometers of the Missouri River. By examining multiple fish over multiple years, the reproductive cycle periodicity for hatchery female S. albus was found to be 2-4years and river dwelling males 1-4years. The use of ultrasonic and endoscopic methods in combination was shown to be helpful in tracking individual gonad characteristics over multi-year reproductive cycles.
C1 [Albers, J. L.; Wildhaber, M. L.; DeLonay, A. J.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Albers, JL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM jalbers@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The authors thank personnel from the U. S.
Fish and Wildlife Service's Neosho National Fish Hatchery and Gavins
Point National Fish Hatchery, as well as the Blind Pony Missouri State
Fish Hatchery for their assistance with S. albus broodstock, especially
Dave Hendrix, Craig Bockholt, and Bruce Drecktrah. Emily Pherigo (ASRC
Management Services, Columbia, Missouri) and Mandy Annis (USGS Columbia
Environmental Research Center) provided assistance with laboratory
analyses and data compilation. The opportunity to evaluate the dozens of
fish examined in the study would not have been possible without the
efforts of the many biologists from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
South Dakota Department of Game Fish and Parks, Nebraska Game and Parks
Commission, and Missouri Department of Conservation who work tirelessly
to collect S. albus broodstock to further species recovery efforts. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 45
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U1 4
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0175-8659
J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL
JI J. Appl. Ichthyol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 5
BP 968
EP 977
DI 10.1111/jai.12231
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 213OP
UT WOS:000324067600004
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JH
Nack, CC
AF Johnson, J. H.
Nack, C. C.
TI Habitat use of American eel (Anguilla rostrata) in a tributary of the
Hudson River, New York
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NEW-ZEALAND STREAMS; ATLANTIC SALMON; CATCHMENT; ABUNDANCE; TROUT; LAKE;
DIEL; L.
AB American eel Anguilla rostrata populations are declining over much of their native range. Since American eels spend extended periods in freshwater, understanding their habitat requirements while freshwater residents is important for the management and conservation of this species. As there is little information on American eel habitat use in streams, the ontogenetic, diel, and seasonal habitat use as well as habitat selectivity of three size groups (i.e. <= 199 mm total length, 200-399 mm, >= 400 mm) of eel were examined in a tributary of the Hudson River. American eels in Hannacroix Creek exhibited ontogenetic, diel, and seasonal variation in habitat use as well as habitat selection. During both summer and autumn all sizes of American eels used larger substrate and more cover during the day. American eels <= 199 mm exhibited the strongest habitat selection, whereas eels 200-399 mm exhibited the least. During the autumn all sizes of American eels occupied slower depositional areas where deciduous leaf litter accumulated and provided cover. This may have important implications for in-stream and riparian habitat management of lotic systems used by American eel.
C1 [Johnson, J. H.; Nack, C. C.] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
RP Johnson, JH (reprint author), USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
EM jhjohnson@usgs.gov
NR 23
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U1 1
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0175-8659
J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL
JI J. Appl. Ichthyol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 5
BP 1073
EP 1079
DI 10.1111/jai.12253
PG 7
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 213OP
UT WOS:000324067600019
ER
PT J
AU Drexler, JZ
Krauss, KW
Sasser, MC
Fuller, CC
Swarzenski, CM
Powell, A
Swanson, KM
Orlando, J
AF Drexler, Judith Z.
Krauss, Ken W.
Sasser, M. Craig
Fuller, Christopher C.
Swarzenski, Christopher M.
Powell, Amber
Swanson, Kathleen M.
Orlando, James
TI A Long-Term Comparison of Carbon Sequestration Rates in Impounded and
Naturally Tidal Freshwater Marshes Along the Lower Waccamaw River, South
Carolina
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon sequestration; Impounded; Tidal freshwater marsh; Vertical
accretion
ID SAN-JOAQUIN DELTA; SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION; NUTRIENT ACCUMULATION;
VERTICAL ACCRETION; PLANT COMMUNITY; PB-210; WETLANDS; FLUXES;
HYDROLOGY; BALANCE
AB Carbon storage was compared between impounded and naturally tidal freshwater marshes along the Lower Waccamaw River in South Carolina, USA. Soil cores were collected in (1) naturally tidal, (2) moist soil (impounded, seasonally drained since similar to 1970), and (3) deeply flooded "treatments" (impounded, flooded to similar to 90 cm since similar to 2002). Cores were analyzed for % organic carbon, % total carbon, bulk density, and Pb-210 and Cs-137 for dating purposes. Carbon sequestration rates ranged from 25 to 200 g C m(-2) yr(-1) (moist soil), 80-435 g C m(-2) yr(-1) (naturally tidal), and 100-250 g C m(-2) yr(-1) (deeply flooded). The moist soil and naturally tidal treatments were compared over a period of 40 years. The naturally tidal treatment had significantly higher carbon storage (mean = 219 g C m(-2) yr(-1) vs. mean = 91 g C m(-2) yr(-1)) and four times the vertical accretion rate (mean = 0.84 cm yr(-1) vs. mean = 0.21 cm yr(-1)) of the moist soil treatment. The results strongly suggest that the long drainage period in moist soil management limits carbon storage over time. Managers across the National Wildlife Refuge system have an opportunity to increase carbon storage by minimizing drainage in impoundments as much as practicable.
C1 [Drexler, Judith Z.; Powell, Amber; Swanson, Kathleen M.; Orlando, James] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Krauss, Ken W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Sasser, M. Craig] Waccamaw Natl Wildlife Refuge, Georgetown, SC 29440 USA.
[Fuller, Christopher C.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Swarzenski, Christopher M.] US Geol Survey, Louisiana Water Sci Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA.
RP Drexler, JZ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM jdrexler@usgs.gov
OI Fuller, Christopher/0000-0002-2354-8074
FU USGS Ecosystems Mission Area; US Fish and Wildlife Service Science
Support Partnership
FX We gratefully acknowledge the University of South Carolina's Baruch
Marine Laboratory (Scott Neubauer) for providing refrigerated storage,
and the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area and US Fish and Wildlife Service
Science Support Partnership for funding this study. We thank Glenn
Guntenspergen for his thoughtful review of the manuscript. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 42
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 72
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 5
BP 965
EP 974
DI 10.1007/s13157-013-0456-3
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 214CD
UT WOS:000324107200016
ER
PT J
AU Al-Chokhachy, R
Alder, J
Hostetler, S
Gresswell, R
Shepard, B
AF Al-Chokhachy, Robert
Alder, Jay
Hostetler, Steven
Gresswell, Robert
Shepard, Bradley
TI Thermal controls of Yellowstone cutthroat trout and invasive fishes
under climate change
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; Greater Yellowstone; growth; non-natives; trout
ID NONNATIVE BROOK TROUT; STREAM TEMPERATURES; RAINBOW-TROUT;
SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; RIVER-BASIN; SNAKE RIVER; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS;
WATER TEMPERATURE; REGIONAL CLIMATE; SOCKEYE-SALMON
AB We combine large observed data sets and dynamically downscaled climate data to explore historic and future (2050-2069) stream temperature changes over the topographically diverse Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (elevation range=824-4017m). We link future stream temperatures with fish growth models to investigate how changing thermal regimes could influence the future distribution and persistence of native Yellowstone cutthroat trout (YCT) and competing invasive species. We find that stream temperatures during the recent decade (2000-2009) surpass the anomalously warm period of the 1930s. Climate simulations indicate air temperatures will warm by 1 degrees C to >3 degrees C over the Greater Yellowstone by mid-21st century, resulting in concomitant increases in 2050-2069 peak stream temperatures and protracted periods of warming from May to September (MJJAS). Projected changes in thermal regimes during the MJJAS growing season modify the trajectories of daily growth rates at all elevations with pronounced growth during early and late summer. For high-elevation populations, we find considerable increases in fish body mass attributable both to warming of cold-water temperatures and to extended growing seasons. During peak July to August warming, mid-21st century temperatures will cause periods of increased thermal stress, rendering some low-elevation streams less suitable for YCT. The majority (80%) of sites currently inhabited by YCT, however, display minimal loss (<10%) or positive changes in total body mass by midcentury; we attribute this response to the fact that many low-elevation populations of YCT have already been extirpated by historical changes in land use and invasions of non-native species. Our results further suggest that benefits to YCT populations due to warmer stream temperatures at currently cold sites could be offset by the interspecific effects of corresponding growth of sympatric, non-native species, underscoring the importance of developing climate adaptation strategies that reduce limiting factors such as non-native species and habitat degradation.
C1 [Al-Chokhachy, Robert; Gresswell, Robert] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Alder, Jay; Hostetler, Steven] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Shepard, Bradley] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Livingston, MT 59047 USA.
RP Al-Chokhachy, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov
OI Alder, Jay/0000-0003-2378-2853
FU US Geological Survey Mendenhall Fellowship Program
FX We acknowledge the Yellowstone cutthroat trout Multistate Group for
assembling the non-native and YCT distribution data. We thank A. White
(Montana State University) for GIS assistance, and J. Kershner (USGS)
and D. Isaak (USFS) for reviews of earlier drafts. R.A. is funded
through the US Geological Survey Mendenhall Fellowship Program. Any use
of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 87
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 9
U2 43
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 10
DI 10.1111/gcb.12262
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 210OS
UT WOS:000323844200014
PM 23687062
ER
PT J
AU Manning, AH
Verplanck, PL
Caine, JS
Todd, AS
AF Manning, Andrew H.
Verplanck, Philip L.
Caine, Jonathan Saul
Todd, Andrew S.
TI Links between climate change, water-table depth, and water chemistry in
a mineralized mountain watershed
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; RATE-DETERMINING STEP; PYRITE OXIDATION;
POROUS-MEDIA; ALPINE LAKES; COLORADO; FLOW; SURFACE; ROCK; DISSOLUTION
AB Recent studies suggest that climate change is causing rising solute concentrations in mountain lakes and streams. These changes may be more pronounced in mineralized watersheds due to the sensitivity of sulfide weathering to changes in subsurface oxygen transport. Specific causal mechanisms linking climate change and accelerated weathering rates have been proposed, but in general remain entirely hypothetical. For mineralized watersheds, a favored hypothesis is that falling water tables caused by declining recharge rates allow an increasing volume of sulfide-bearing rock to become exposed to air, thus oxygen. Here, we test the hypothesis that falling water tables are the primary cause of an increase in metals and SO4 (100-400%) observed since 1980 in the Upper Snake River (USR), Colorado. The USR drains an alpine watershed geologically and climatologically representative of many others in mineralized areas of the western U. S. Hydrologic and chemical data collected from 2005 to 2011 in a deep monitoring well (WP1) at the top of the USR watershed are utilized. During this period, both water table depths and groundwater SO4 concentrations have generally increased in the well. A numerical model was constructed using TOUGHREACT that simulates pyrite oxidation near WP1, including groundwater flow and oxygen transport in both saturated and unsaturated zones. The modeling suggests that a falling water table could produce an increase in metals and SO4 of a magnitude similar to that observed in the USR (up to 300%). Future water table declines may produce limited increases in sulfide weathering high in the watershed because of the water table dropping below the depth of oxygen penetration, but may continue to enhance sulfide weathering lower in the watershed where water tables are shallower. Advective air (oxygen) transport in the unsaturated zone caused by seasonally variable recharge and associated water table fluctuations was found to have little influence on pyrite oxidation rates near WP1. However, this mechanism could be important in the case of a shallow dynamic water table and more abundant/reactive sulfides in the shallow subsurface. Data from WP1 and numerical modeling results are thus consistent with the falling water table hypothesis, and illustrate fundamental processes linking climate and sulfide weathering in mineralized watersheds. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Manning, Andrew H.; Verplanck, Philip L.; Caine, Jonathan Saul; Todd, Andrew S.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Manning, AH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 25046,Mail Stop 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM amanning@usgs.gov
OI Caine, Jonathan/0000-0002-7269-6989; Manning, Andrew/0000-0002-6404-1237
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Mineral Resources Program
FX We thank Dr. Charles Robinson of Mineral Systems, Inc. who donated the
deep boreholes in Handcart Gulch to the U.S. Geological Survey for
research purposes. We also thank Marty Goldhaber and two anonymous
reviewers for their helpful comments that improved the manuscript. This
work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey's Mineral Resources
Program, and was performed in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service
and the Colorado Geological Survey. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 50
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 46
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 37
BP 64
EP 78
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.07.002
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 211VW
UT WOS:000323940500006
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, JH
Angermeier, PL
Hallerman, EM
AF Roberts, James H.
Angermeier, Paul L.
Hallerman, Eric M.
TI Distance, dams and drift: what structures populations of an endangered,
benthic stream fish?
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE fragmentation; gene flow; hydroelectric dam; isolation-by-distance;
population structure
ID LOGPERCH PERCINA-REX; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; ROANOKE
LOGPERCH; RIVER SYSTEM; TROUT POPULATIONS; COTTUS-GOBIO; CREEK CHUB;
DISPERSAL; MOVEMENT
AB 1. Spatial population structure plays an important role in species persistence, evolution and conservation. Benthic stream fishes are diverse and frequently imperilled, yet the determinants and spatial scaling of their population structure are understudied.
2. We investigated the range-wide population genetic structure of Roanoke logperch (Percina rex), an endangered, benthic stream fish of the eastern United States. Fish were sampled from 35 sites and analysed at 11 microsatellite DNA loci. Clustering models were used to sort individuals into genetically cohesive groups and thereby estimate the spatial scaling of population structure. We then used Bayesian generalized linear mixed models (BGLMMs) to test alternative hypotheses about the environmental factors most responsible for generating structure, as measured by the differentiation statistic F-ST.
3. Clustering models delineated seven discrete populations, whose boundaries coincided with agents of fragmentation, including hydroelectric dams and tailwaters. In the absence of hydrological barriers, gene flow was extensive throughout catchments, whereas there was no evidence for contemporary dispersal between catchments across barriers.
4. In the best-supported BGLMM,F-ST was positively related to the spatial distance and degree of hydrological alteration between sites and negatively related to genetic diversity within sites. Whereas the effect of tailwaters was equivocal, dams strongly influenced differentiation: the effect of a dam on F-ST was comparable to that of a between-site distance of over 1200km of unimpounded river. Overall, the effect of distance-mediated dispersal was negligible compared to the combined effects of fragmentation and genetic drift.
5. The contemporary population structure of P. rex comprises a few geographically extensive islands' that are fragmented by hydroelectric projects. This information clarifies the importance of a catchment-scale perspective on conserving the species and suggests that its recovery may require genetic and/or demographic reconnection of presently isolated populations.
C1 [Roberts, James H.; Hallerman, Eric M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Angermeier, Paul L.] Virginia Tech, US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA USA.
RP Roberts, JH (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM darter@vt.edu
FU Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; U.S. Geological Survey; Virginia
Transportation Research Council; Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee protocols at Virginia Tech [08-106FIW, 11-035-FIW]; Virginia
Polytechnic Institute and State University; Wildlife Management
Institute
FX This research was funded by the Virginia Department of Game and Inland
Fisheries and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Additional support was
provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Geological Survey and
Virginia Transportation Research Council. We thank W. Hester, M. Pinder,
K. Smith and S. Smith in particular for logistical help. D. Dutton and
J. Printz provided invaluable expertise and assistance with laboratory
work. M. McKinney, R. Nichols, M. Raley and S. Smith kindly supplied
additional genetic material. A. Dolloff, P. Grobler, J. Jones and M.
Kelly provided helpful reviews of the manuscript. This work was carried
out under the auspices of Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
protocols 08-106FIW and 11-035-FIW at Virginia Tech. The Virginia
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by U.S.
Geological Survey, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,
Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries and Wildlife Management
Institute. Any use of trade, product or firm names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 81
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 8
U2 112
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 10
BP 2050
EP 2064
DI 10.1111/fwb.12190
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 209AG
UT WOS:000323724600005
ER
PT J
AU Yule, DL
Evrard, LM
Cachera, S
Colon, M
Guillard, J
AF Yule, Daniel L.
Evrard, Lori M.
Cachera, Sebastien
Colon, Michel
Guillard, Jean
TI Comparing two fish sampling standards over time: largely congruent
results but with caveats
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biomass estimates; fish sampling; lakes; standardization; WFD
ID CHARR SALVELINUS-ALPINUS; ROACH RUTILUS-RUTILUS; ARCTIC CHARR;
SIZE-SELECTIVITY; GILLNET CATCHES; UNIT EFFORT; LAKES; POPULATIONS;
ABUNDANCE; BIOMASS
AB 1. We sampled Lake Bourget (surface area=44km(2)) using CEN standard gillnet and provisional standard acoustic survey methods over 3years (2005, 2010 and 2011) as the fish community responded to re-oligotrophication. A total of 16 species were caught in benthic gillnets and three species in pelagic gillnets.
2. Lake Bourget results were consistent with a recent study (Emmrich etal., Freshwater Biology, 57, 2012, 2436) showing strong correspondence between average biomass-per-unit-effort (BPUE) in standard benthic gillnets and average acoustic volume backscattering when smaller lakes (0.25-5.45km(2)) were treated as sample units.
3. The BPUE of whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus), perch (Perca fluviatilis) and roach (Rutilus rutilus) measured by benthic gillnets all declined significantly with increasing bathymetric depth; 93% of nets set at depths >50m caught zero fish.
4. Pelagic gillnetting indicated that small (<10cm) perch and small (<12.5cm) roach occupied the upper pelagic habitat (0-20m depths) and that whitefish were predominant in deeper pelagic habitat. The acoustic sampling showed fish biomass in the upper pelagic habitat varied significantly by year. Biomass there was highest in 2010 when a strong perch year-class recruited and lowest in 2011 when recruitment levels of perch and roach were both weak. Whitefish biomass in deep pelagic habitat (>20m) increased significantly after 2005.
5. Both surveys showed whitefish biomass increased significantly during the study, but whitefish 25cm were poorly represented in benthic gillnet catches. Contrary to the acoustic findings, the BPUE of perch and roach in benthic gillnets did not vary significantly over time. This metric is insensitive to changes in size structure in that a high catch of small fish and a low catch of large fish in different years can provide similar average BPUE estimates.
6. We examined correlations between BPUE in benthic gillnets and acoustic methods at fine spatial scales by averaging acoustic backscattering measurements encompassed by buffers of varying size (250-2000m) around individual gillnets and by averaging samples collected from lake quadrants. Correlations at fines scales were generally poor, and only in 1year was the quadrant correlation significant. The lack of correlation can be explained, in part, by the two gears sampling different components of the fish community. Conversely, in pelagic habitat, where the fish community was simpler, we found BPUE in pelagic nets to be strongly correlated with acoustic backscattering.
7. With respect to large lakes like Lake Bourget, we hypothesise that the congruence in average biomass measurements provided by these two survey methods occurs because these different community components are responding similarly to a common driver like lake trophic status (or possibly multiple drivers operating in synergy).
C1 [Yule, Daniel L.; Evrard, Lori M.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI USA.
[Cachera, Sebastien] CISALB, Chambery, France.
[Colon, Michel; Guillard, Jean] INRA, UMR CARRTEL, F-74203 Thonon Les Bains, France.
RP Guillard, J (reprint author), INRA, UMR CARRTEL, 75 Ave Corzent, F-74203 Thonon Les Bains, France.
EM jean.guillard@thonon.inra.fr
RI GUILLARD, Jean/A-2577-2011
OI GUILLARD, Jean/0000-0003-0116-1167
FU INRA EFPA Department
FX This work was supported by a grant from the INRA EFPA Department that
funded Jean Guillard's trip to the Lake Superior Biological Station and
Daniel Yule's travel to France. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government. This article is Contribution 1760 of the Great Lakes
Science Center. We thank Jean-Christophe Hustache, Pascal Chifflet,
Valerie Hamelet, Laurent Espinat (from UMR CARRTEL) and Gerard Paolini
(the technique cell of Bourget) for their logistical support during
field sampling. J-C Raymond (ONEMA) and his team performed the 2010
survey, and we are grateful they shared their results. Laura Graf helped
with manuscript formatting. Special thanks to N.Y. for his accompaniment
during all these years.
NR 49
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 10
BP 2074
EP 2088
DI 10.1111/fwb.12192
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 209AG
UT WOS:000323724600007
ER
PT J
AU McFarland, JW
Waldrop, MP
Haw, M
AF McFarland, Jack W.
Waldrop, Mark P.
Haw, Monica
TI Extreme CO2 disturbance and the resilience of soil microbial communities
SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mammoth Mountain; Soil CO2; Microbial biomass C; qPCR; ARISA; Soil
microbial community structure; Fungi; Bacteria; Archaea
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE CONCENTRATIONS; VOLCANIC ASH SOILS; MAMMOTH MOUNTAIN;
ROOT RESPIRATION; EXTRACTION METHOD; ARCHAEA DOMINATE; FOREST SOIL;
ECOSYSTEM; CALIFORNIA; BIOMASS
AB Carbon capture and storage (CSS) technology has the potential to inadvertently release large quantities of CO2 through geologic substrates and into surrounding soils and ecosystems. Such a disturbance has the potential to not only alter the structure and function of plant and animal communities, but also soils, soil microbial communities, and the biogeochemical processes they mediate. At Mammoth Mountain, we assessed the soil microbial community response to CO2 disturbance (derived from volcanic 'cold' CO2) that resulted in localized tree kill; soil CO2 concentrations in our study area ranged from 0.6% to 60%. Our objectives were to examine how microbial communities and their activities are restructured by extreme CO2 disturbance, and assess the response of major microbial taxa to the reintroduction of limited plant communities following an extensive period (15-20 years) with no plants. We found that CO2-induced tree kill reduced soil carbon (C) availability along our sampling transect. In response, soil microbial biomass decreased by an order of magnitude from healthy forest to impacted areas. Soil microorganisms were most sensitive to changes in soil organic C, which explained almost 60% of the variation for microbial biomass C (MBC) along the CO2 gradient. We employed phospholipid fatty acid analysis and quantitative PCR (qPCR) to determine compositional changes among microbial communities in affected areas and found substantial reductions in microbial biomass linked to the loss of soil fungi. In contrast, archaeal populations responded positively to the CO2 disturbance, presumably due to reduced competition of bacteria and fungi, and perhaps unique adaptations to energy stress. Enzyme activities important in the cycling of soil C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) declined with increasing CO2, though specific activities (per unit MBC) remained stable or increased suggesting functional redundancy among restructured communities. We conclude that both the direct (microaerobiosis) and indirect (loss of plant C inputs) effects of elevated soil CO2 flux have significant impacts on the composition and overall structural trajectory of soil microbial populations within disturbed areas. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [McFarland, Jack W.; Waldrop, Mark P.; Haw, Monica] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP McFarland, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 962, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jmcfarland@usgs.gov
OI Waldrop, Mark/0000-0003-1829-7140
FU USGS, Volcano Hazards Long Valley Caldera Research Program
FX The authors would like to thank the USGS Volcano Hazards Team,
particularly Margaret Mangan, William Evans, and David Stonestrom, for
supporting our field sampling. Additionally, we are appreciative to
Andrea Foster, Laurence Miller, and Sabrina Sevilgen for contributions
to our laboratory analyses, and Michelle McFarland for assistance with
the graphics. Laurence Miller, Corey Lawrence, and two anonymous
reviewers provided valuable comments on earlier drafts. Finally, we
would like to acknowledge the USDA Forest Service, Inyo National Forest,
for access to our research sites. This work was funded through the USGS,
Volcano Hazards Long Valley Caldera Research Program.
NR 67
TC 9
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 143
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-0717
J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM
JI Soil Biol. Biochem.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 65
BP 274
EP 286
DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.04.019
PG 13
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 208NQ
UT WOS:000323686800033
ER
PT J
AU Mulder, VL
Plotze, M
de Bruin, S
Schaepman, ME
Mavris, C
Kokaly, RF
Egli, M
AF Mulder, V. L.
Ploetze, M.
de Bruin, S.
Schaepman, M. E.
Mavris, C.
Kokaly, R. F.
Egli, M.
TI Quantifying mineral abundances of complex mixtures by coupling spectral
deconvolution of SWIR spectra (2.1-2.4 mu m) and regression tree
analysis
SO GEODERMA
LA English
DT Article
DE Soil minerals; Spectral unmixing; Exponential Gaussian optimisation;
Regression trees; SWIR reflectance spectroscopy
ID MODIFIED GAUSSIAN MODEL; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; TETRACORDER
ALGORITHM; PYROXENE MIXTURES; USGS TETRACORDER; CLAY; EVOLUTION;
OLIVINE; MARS; IDENTIFICATION
AB This paper presents a methodology for assessing mineral abundances of mixtures having more than two constituents using absorption features in the 2.1-2.4 mu m wavelength region. In the first step, the absorption behaviour of mineral mixtures is parameterised by exponential Gaussian optimisation. Next, mineral abundances are predicted by regression tree analysis using these parameters as inputs. The approach is demonstrated on a range of prepared samples with known abundances of kaolinite, dioctahedral mica, smectite, calcite and quartz and on a set of field samples from Morocco. The latter contained varying quantities of other minerals, some of which did not have diagnostic absorption features in the 2.1-2.4 mu m region. Cross validation showed that the prepared samples of kaolinite, dioctahedral mica, smectite and calcite were predicted with a root mean square error (RMSE) less than 9 wt.%. For the field samples, the RMSE was less than 8 wt.% for calcite, dioctahedral mica and kaolinite abundances. Smectite could not be well predicted, which was attributed to spectral variation of the cations within the dioctahedral layered smectites. Substitution of part of the quartz by chlorite at the prediction phase hardly affected the accuracy of the predicted mineral content; this suggests that the method is robust in handling the omission of minerals during the training phase. The degree of expression of absorption components was different between the field sample and the laboratory mixtures. This demonstrates that the method should be calibrated and trained on local samples. Our method allows the simultaneous quantification of more than two minerals within a complex mixture and thereby enhances the perspectives of spectral analysis for mineral abundances. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mulder, V. L.; de Bruin, S.] Wageningen Univ, Lab Geoinformat Sci & Remote Sensing, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Ploetze, M.] ETH, Inst Geotech Engn, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Schaepman, M. E.] Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Remote Sensing Labs, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Mavris, C.; Egli, M.] Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Kokaly, R. F.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Mulder, VL (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Lab Geoinformat Sci & Remote Sensing, Droevendaalsesteeg 3,POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
EM Titia.Mulder@wur.nl
RI Mavris, Christian /K-9790-2014; de Bruin, Sytze/N-1183-2014; Schaepman,
Michael/B-9213-2009; Kokaly, Raymond/A-6817-2017;
OI Schaepman, Michael/0000-0002-9627-9565; Kokaly,
Raymond/0000-0003-0276-7101; Mulder, V.L./0000-0003-4936-0077
FU EU [211578]; Climate and Land Use Change Research 81 Development Program
of the U.S. Geological Survey
FX We acknowledge financial support from the EU FP7 programme under the
e-SOTER project (contract 211578). This study benefitted greatly from
the review by G.A. Swayze and other anonymous reviewers. We thank H.
Bartholomeus for his useful comments and L Pompilio for making available
the EGO algorithm and her insightful comments. R. Kokaly was supported
by the Climate and Land Use Change Research 81 Development Program of
the U.S. Geological Survey. We applied the SDC approach for the sequence
of authors (Tscharntke et al., 2007).
NR 60
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0016-7061
J9 GEODERMA
JI Geoderma
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 207
BP 279
EP 290
DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.05.011
PG 12
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 196CT
UT WOS:000322751700028
ER
PT J
AU Eppler, D
Adams, B
Archer, D
Baiden, G
Brown, A
Carey, W
Cohen, B
Condit, C
Evans, C
Fortezzo, C
Garry, B
Graff, T
Gruener, J
Heldmann, J
Hodges, K
Horz, F
Hurtado, J
Hynek, B
Isaacson, P
Juranek, C
Klaus, K
Kring, D
Lanza, N
Lederer, S
Lofgren, G
Marinova, M
May, L
Meyer, J
Ming, D
Monteleone, B
Morisset, C
Noble, S
Rampe, E
Rice, J
Schutt, J
Skinner, J
Tewksbury-Christle, CM
Tewksbury, BJ
Vaughan, A
Yingst, A
Young, K
AF Eppler, Dean
Adams, Byron
Archer, Doug
Baiden, Greg
Brown, Adrian
Carey, William
Cohen, Barbara
Condit, Chris
Evans, Cindy
Fortezzo, Corey
Garry, Brent
Graff, Trevor
Gruener, John
Heldmann, Jennifer
Hodges, Kip
Hoerz, Friedrich
Hurtado, Jose
Hynek, Brian
Isaacson, Peter
Juranek, Catherine
Klaus, Kurt
Kring, David
Lanza, Nina
Lederer, Susan
Lofgren, Gary
Marinova, Margarita
May, Lisa
Meyer, Jonathan
Ming, Doug
Monteleone, Brian
Morisset, Caroline
Noble, Sarah
Rampe, Elizabeth
Rice, James
Schutt, John
Skinner, James
Tewksbury-Christle, Carolyn M.
Tewksbury, Barbara J.
Vaughan, Alicia
Yingst, Aileen
Young, Kelsey
TI Desert Research and Technology Studies (DRATS) 2010 science operations:
Operational approaches and lessons learned for managing science during
human planetary surface missions
SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Planetary surface operations; Analog testing; Science operations;
Planetary science; Metric evaluation
AB Desert Research and Technology Studies (Desert RATS) is a multi-year series of hardware and operations tests carried out annually in the high desert of Arizona on the San Francisco Volcanic Field. These activities are designed to exercise planetary surface hardware and operations in conditions where long-distance, multi-day roving is achievable, and they allow NASA to evaluate different mission concepts and approaches in an environment less costly and more forgiving than space. The results from the RATS tests allow selection of potential operational approaches to planetary surface exploration prior to making commitments to specific flight and mission hardware development. In previous RATS operations, the Science Support Room has operated largely in an advisory role, an approach that was driven by the need to provide a loose science mission framework that would underpin the engineering tests. However, the extensive nature of the traverse operations for 2010 expanded the role of the science operations and tested specific operational approaches. Science mission operations approaches from the Apollo and Mars-Phoenix missions were merged to become the baseline for this test. Six days of traverse operations were conducted during each week of the 2-week test, with three traverse days each week conducted with voice and data communications continuously available, and three traverse days conducted with only two 1-hour communications periods per day. Within this framework, the team evaluated integrated science operations management using real-time, tactical science operations to oversee daily crew activities, and strategic level evaluations of science data and daily traverse results during a post-traverse planning shift. During continuous communications, both tactical and strategic teams were employed. On days when communications were reduced to only two communications periods per day, only a strategic team was employed. The Science Operations Team found that, if communications are good and down-linking of science data is ensured, high quality science returns is possible regardless of communications. What is absent from reduced communications is the scientific interaction between the crew on the planet and the scientists on the ground. These scientific interactions were a critical part of the science process and significantly improved mission science return over reduced communications conditions. The test also showed that the quality of science return is not measurable by simple numerical quantities but is, in fact, based on strongly non-quantifiable factors, such as the interactions between the crew and the Science Operations Teams. Although the metric evaluation data suggested some trends, there was not sufficient granularity in the data or specificity in the metrics to allow those trends to be understood on numerical data alone. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of IAA.
C1 [Eppler, Dean; Archer, Doug; Evans, Cindy; Graff, Trevor; Gruener, John; Hoerz, Friedrich; Lederer, Susan; Lofgren, Gary; Ming, Doug] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Brown, Adrian; Heldmann, Jennifer; Marinova, Margarita] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Noble, Sarah; Rice, James] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Fortezzo, Corey; Skinner, James; Vaughan, Alicia] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Hynek, Brian] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hurtado, Jose; Meyer, Jonathan] Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Klaus, Kurt] Boeing Co, Houston, DC USA.
[Isaacson, Peter] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Adams, Byron; Hodges, Kip; Monteleone, Brian; Rampe, Elizabeth; Young, Kelsey] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Cohen, Barbara] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Lanza, Nina] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Tewksbury, Barbara J.] Hamilton Coll, Clinton, NY 13323 USA.
[Baiden, Greg] Laurentian Univ, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada.
[Condit, Chris] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Juranek, Catherine] No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Eppler, D (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Mail Code KX,2101 NASA Pkwy, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
EM dean.b.eppler@nasa.gov
RI Fortezzo, Corey/J-3768-2013; Hodges, Kip/A-7992-2009; Noble,
Sarah/D-7614-2012; Garry, Brent/I-5920-2013; Skinner, James/M-7966-2014;
Adams, Byron/I-4243-2015
OI Hodges, Kip/0000-0003-2805-8899; Adams, Byron/0000-0001-8219-3544
FU NASA
FX The Science Team acknowledges exceptional work by all members of the
Desert RATS Team, in particular Mr. Joseph Kosmo and Ms. Barbara Janoiko
of the NASA-JSC Crew and Thermal Systems Division; the Rover Team,
specifically Dr. William Bluethmann and Ms. Jodi Graf of the NASA-JSC
Robotics Division; the Communications Team, specifically Mr. Marc
Seibert, Mr. Michael Downs and Mr. Michael Miller of the NASA-Kennedy
Space Center, and rover crewmembers, Dr. Jose Hurtado of the University
of Texas-El Paso, Dr. Jake Bleacher of NASA-Goddard Spaceflight Center,
Ms. Kelsey Young of Arizona State University, Dr. Michael Gernhardt of
the NASA-JSC Astronaut Office, Dr. Jim Rice of NASA-Goddard Spaceflight
Center, Mr. Chris Looper of the NASA-JSC Astronaut Office, Mr. Aaron
Hulce of the NASA-JSC Robotics Division and (presently) the United
States Navy, Dr. Stephanie Wilson of the NASA-JSC Astronaut Office and
Dr. Stan Love of the NASA-JSC Astronaut Office. In addition, the EVA
Information Systems in the backpacks and the Giga-Pan cameras on the
rovers were of critical importance to the Strategic Team's work, and Mr.
Scott Bleisath and Dr. Matthew Deans and their respective teams are to
be commended for their efforts. Lastly, the science team acknowledges
the tireless work of "Black Point Base Camp Mayor" Mr. Darby Magruder,
robotics engineer, logistician, and general miracle worker who made sure
the TSOT had what it needed to get the job done in the field. Each of
these groups worked long hours away from home for many weeks, and
without their efforts, the Desert RATS mission would still be on the
back lot at Johnson Space Center, playing pinochle in the science
trailer for 14 days. The SSOT members acknowledge the staff of the
Embassy Suites in Flagstaff, AZ, for turning over their conference
facility nightly to the team for its work and deliberations. The
principal author acknowledges Dr. Wendell Mendell and NASA's
Constellation Program, which provided the funding to assemble a
world-class science team. Lastly, thanks go to Ms. Shelly Kelly of the
University of Houston-Clear Lake Space History Archives and Ms. Linda
Chappel of the Lunar and Planetary Institute Library for discovering
"lost" documents concerning the conduct of science mission operations on
Apollo. This paper was improved significantly by comprehensive reviews
by Dr. Jim Head and an anonymous reviewer.
NR 14
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0094-5765
J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT
JI Acta Astronaut.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 90
IS 2
SI SI
BP 224
EP 241
DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2012.03.009
PG 18
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 193LK
UT WOS:000322561100005
ER
PT J
AU Skinner, JA
Fortezzo, CM
AF Skinner, James A., Jr.
Fortezzo, Corey M.
TI The role of photogeologic mapping in traverse planning: Lessons from
DRATS 2010 activities
SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Photogeology; Planetary mapping; San Francisco Volcanic Field
ID FRANCISCO VOLCANIC FIELD; ARIZONA
AB We produced a 1:24,000 scale photogeologic map of the Desert Research and Technology Studies (DRATS) 2010 simulated lunar mission traverse area and surrounding environments located within the northeastern part of the San Francisco Volcanic Field (SFVF), north-central Arizona. To mimic an exploratory mission, we approached the region "blindly" by rejecting prior knowledge or preconceived notions of the regional geologic setting and focused instead only on image and topographic base maps that were intended to be equivalent to pre-cursor mission "orbital returns". We used photogeologic mapping techniques equivalent to those employed during the construction of modern planetary geologic maps. Based on image and topographic base maps, we identified 4 surficial units (talus, channel, dissected, and plains units), 5 volcanic units (older cone, younger cone, older flow, younger flow, and block field units), and 5 basement units (grey-toned mottled, red-toned platy, red-toned layered, light-toned slabby, and light-toned layered units). Comparison of our remote-based map units with published field-based map units indicates that the two techniques yield pervasively similar results of contrasting detail, with higher accuracies linked to remote-based units that have high topographic relief and tonal contrast relative to adjacent units. We list key scientific questions that remained after photogeologic mapping and prior to DRATS activities and identify 13 specific observations that the crew and science team would need to make in order to address those questions and refine the interpreted geologic context. We translated potential observations into 62 recommended sites for visitation and observation during the mission traverse. The production and use of a mission-specific photogeologic map for DRATS 2010 activities resulted in strategic and tactical recommendations regarding observational context and hypothesis tracking over the course of an exploratory mission. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of IAA.
C1 [Skinner, James A., Jr.; Fortezzo, Corey M.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Skinner, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Shoemaker Bldg Bldg 6,2255 North Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM jskinner@usgs.gov; cfortezzo@usgs.gov
RI Fortezzo, Corey/J-3768-2013; Skinner, James/M-7966-2014
FU NASA/Johnson Space Center Desert Research and Technology Studies (DRATS)
group
FX We acknowledge Steve Wall and Mark Rosiek for the funding and generation
of the GeoEye-1 derived digital elevation model used for this
investigation. Trent Hare assisted with GIS-related data and application
issues involved in the construction and analysis of the photogeologic
maps. Justin Hagerty provided helpful discussions regarding multiple
facets of this work. We also thank the Babbitt Family for providing
DRATS personnel friendly access to their ranch lands. Two anonymous
reviewers provided helpful comments that improved the substance and flow
of the document. This work was funded by the NASA/Johnson Space Center
Desert Research and Technology Studies (DRATS) group.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0094-5765
J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT
JI Acta Astronaut.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 90
IS 2
SI SI
BP 242
EP 253
DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2011.11.011
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 193LK
UT WOS:000322561100006
ER
PT J
AU Horz, F
Lofgren, GE
Gruener, JE
Eppler, DB
Skinner, JA
Fortezzo, CM
Graf, JS
Bluethmann, WJ
Seibert, MA
Bell, ER
AF Hoerz, Friedrich
Lofgren, Gary E.
Gruener, John E.
Eppler, Dean B.
Skinner, James A., Jr.
Fortezzo, Corey M.
Graf, Jodi S.
Bluethmann, William J.
Seibert, Marc A.
Bell, Ernest R.
TI The traverse planning process for D-RATS 2010
SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Surface exploration; Rover; Mission operations; EVA; Ground support;
Communications
AB This report describes the traverse planning process for the Desert Research and Technology Studies (D-RATS) 2010 field simulation of a conceptual 14-day planetary mission. This activity took place between August 23 and September 17, 2010 in the San Francisco Volcanic Field, Arizona. It focused on the utilization of two pressurized rovers and a ground-based communication system, as well as on the development of mission operation concepts for long duration, dual-rover missions. The early planning process began some 12 months prior to the actual field tests and defined the first order engineering-, flight operations, and science objectives. The detailed implementation and refinement of these objectives took place over the ensuing 10 months, resulting in a large number of technical and operational constraints that affected the actual traverse route or the cumulative Extravehicular Activity (EVA) time available for detailed field observations. The science planning proceeded from the generation of photogeologic maps of the test area, to the establishment of prioritized science objectives and associated candidate sites for detailed field exploration. The combination of operational constraints and science objectives resulted in the final design of traverse routes and time lines for each of the 24 traverses needed to support 12 field days by two rovers. Examples of daily traverses will be given that will hopefully illustrate that the design of long duration, long distance planetary traverses is a highly interdisciplinary and time-consuming collaboration between diverse engineers, flight operations personnel, human factors interests, and planetary scientists. (C) 2012 IAA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hoerz, Friedrich] LZ Technol ESCG, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Lofgren, Gary E.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Off Curator, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Gruener, John E.; Eppler, Dean B.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Human Explorat Off, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Skinner, James A., Jr.; Fortezzo, Corey M.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Graf, Jodi S.; Bluethmann, William J.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Software & Robot Div, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Seibert, Marc A.] NASA, Kennedy Space Ctr, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
[Bell, Ernest R.] United Space Alliance LLC, Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
RP Horz, F (reprint author), LZ Technol ESCG, 2224 Bay Area Blvd, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
EM friedrich.p.horz@nasa.gov
RI Fortezzo, Corey/J-3768-2013
NR 2
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0094-5765
J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT
JI Acta Astronaut.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 90
IS 2
SI SI
BP 254
EP 267
DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2012.02.008
PG 14
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 193LK
UT WOS:000322561100007
ER
PT J
AU Boykin, KG
Kepner, WG
Bradford, DF
Guy, RK
Kopp, DA
Leimer, AK
Samson, EA
East, NF
Neale, AC
Gergely, KJ
AF Boykin, Kenneth G.
Kepner, William G.
Bradford, David F.
Guy, Rachel K.
Kopp, Darin A.
Leimer, Allison K.
Samson, Elizabeth A.
East, N. Forrest
Neale, Anne C.
Gergely, Kevin J.
TI A national approach for mapping and quantifying habitat-based
biodiversity metrics across multiple spatial scales
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Biodiversity; Ecosystem services; Habitat maps; Terrestrial vertebrates;
San Pedro River; Rio Grande River; Western United States
ID SAN-PEDRO RIVER; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CONSERVATION; FRAMEWORK
AB Ecosystem services, i.e., services provided to humans from ecological systems have become a key issue of this century in resource management, conservation planning, and environmental decision analysis. Mapping and quantifying ecosystem services have become strategic national interests for integrating ecology with economics to help understand the effects of human policies and actions and their subsequent impacts on both ecosystem function and human well-being. Some aspects of biodiversity are valued by humans in varied ways, and thus are important to include in any assessment that seeks to identify and quantify the benefits of ecosystems to humans. Some biodiversity metrics clearly reflect ecosystem services (e.g., abundance and diversity of harvestable species), whereas others may reflect indirect and difficult to quantify relationships to services (e.g., relevance of species diversity to ecosystem resilience, cultural value of native species). Wildlife habitat has been modeled at broad spatial scales and can be used to map a number of biodiversity metrics. In the present study, we present an approach that (1) identifies mappable biodiversity metrics that are related to ecosystem services or other stakeholder concerns, (2) maps these metrics throughout a large multi-state region, and (3) compares the metric values obtained for selected watersheds within the regional context. The broader focus is to design a flexible approach for mapping metrics to produce a national-scale product. We map 20 biodiversity metrics reflecting ecosystem services or other aspects of biodiversity for all vertebrate species except fish. Metrics include species richness for all vertebrates, specific taxon groups, harvestable species (i.e., upland game, waterfowl, furbearers, small game, and big game), threatened and endangered species, and state-designated species of greatest conservation need, and also a metric for ecosystem (i.e., land cover) diversity. The project is being conducted at multiple scales in a phased approach, starting with place-based studies, then multi-state regional areas, culminating into a national-level atlas. As an example of this incremental approach, we provide results for the southwestern United States (i.e., states of Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado) and portions of two watersheds within this region: the San Pedro River (Arizona) and Rio Grande River (New Mexico). Geographic patterns differed considerably among metrics across the southwestern study area, but metric values for the two watershed study areas were generally greater than those for the southwestern region as a whole. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Boykin, Kenneth G.; Guy, Rachel K.; Kopp, Darin A.; Leimer, Allison K.; Samson, Elizabeth A.; East, N. Forrest] New Mexico State Univ, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Kepner, William G.; Bradford, David F.; Neale, Anne C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
[Gergely, Kevin J.] US Geol Survey, USGS Gap Anal Program, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
RP Boykin, KG (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, 2980 S Espina St,124 Knox Hall,POB 30003,MSC 4909, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM kboykin@nmsu.edu
RI Boykin, Kenneth/D-2863-2009
OI Boykin, Kenneth/0000-0001-6381-0463
FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research
and Development; US Geological Survey (USGS) Gap Analysis Program; USGS
New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; New Mexico State
University, Agricultural Experiment Station
FX We would like to acknowledge those individuals that worked on previous
research efforts to create and compile the datasets used in the present
study including personnel associated with the Southwest Regional Gap
Analysis Project and the state Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation
Strategies and Wildlife Action Plans. This research was funded in part
by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of
Research and Development and the US Geological Survey (USGS) Gap
Analysis Program. The article has been approved for publication by the
EPA and USGS. Additional financial assistance was provided by the USGS
New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and the New
Mexico State University, Agricultural Experiment Station.
NR 52
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 33
SI SI
BP 139
EP 147
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.11.005
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 165OX
UT WOS:000320494300015
ER
PT J
AU Brockmeier, EK
Yu, FH
Amador, DM
Bargar, TA
Denslow, ND
AF Brockmeier, Erica K.
Yu, Fahong
Amador, David Moraga
Bargar, Timothy A.
Denslow, Nancy D.
TI Custom microarray construction and analysis for determining potential
biomarkers of subchronic androgen exposure in the Eastern Mosquitofish
(Gambusia holbrooki)
SO BMC GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Gambusia holbrooki; 17 beta-trenbolone; Androgen biomarker; Aquatic
toxicology; Ecotoxicogenomics; Microarray; Gonopodium
ID GROWTH PROMOTER 17-BETA-TRENBOLONE; PAPER-MILL EFFLUENT;
GENE-EXPRESSION; AFFINIS-AFFINIS; GASTEROSTEUS-ACULEATUS;
PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; FATHEAD MINNOW; MASCULINIZATION; TISSUE;
17-BETA-HYDROXYESTRA-4,9,11-TRIEN-3-ONE
AB Background: The eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) has the potential to become a bioindicator organism of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) due to its androgen-driven secondary sexual characteristics. However, the lack of molecular information on G. holbrooki hinders its use as a bioindicator coupled with biomarker data. While traditional gene-by-gene approaches provide insight for biomarker development, a holistic analysis would provide more rapid and expansive determination of potential biomarkers. The objective of this study was to develop and utilize a mosquitofish microarray to determine potential biomarkers of subchronic androgen exposure. To achieve this objective, two specific aims were developed: 1) Sequence a G. holbrooki cDNA library, and 2) Use microarray analysis to determine genes that are differentially regulated by subchronic androgen exposure in hepatic tissues of 17 beta-trenbolone (TB) exposed adult female G. holbrooki.
Results: A normalized library of multiple organs of male and female G. holbrooki was prepared and sequenced by the Illumina GA IIx and Roche 454 XLR70. Over 30,000 genes with e-value <= 10(-4) were annotated and 14,758 of these genes were selected for inclusion on the microarray. Hepatic microarray analysis of adult female G. holbrooki exposed to the vehicle control or 1 mu g/L of TB (a potent anabolic androgen) revealed 229 genes upregulated and 279 downregulated by TB (one-way ANOVA, p < 0.05, FDR alpha = 0.05, fold change > 1.5 and < -1.5). Fifteen gene ontology biological processes were enriched by TB exposure (Fisher's Exact Test, p < 0.05). The expression levels of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 and zona pellucida glycoprotein 2 were validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) (Student's t-test, p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Coupling microarray data with phenotypic changes driven by androgen exposure in mosquitofish is key for developing this organism into a bioindicator for EDCs. Future studies using this array will enhance knowledge of the biology and toxicological response of this species. This work provides a foundation of molecular knowledge and tools that can be used to delve further into understanding the biology of G. holbrooki and how this organism can be used as a bioindicator organism for endocrine disrupting pollutants in the environment.
C1 [Brockmeier, Erica K.; Denslow, Nancy D.] Univ Florida, Dept Physiol Sci, Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Yu, Fahong; Amador, David Moraga] Univ Florida, Interdisciplinary Ctr Biotechnol Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Bargar, Timothy A.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Denslow, Nancy D.] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
RP Denslow, ND (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Physiol Sci, Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, 2187 Mowry Rd,POB 110885, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM ndenslow@ufl.edu
OI Brockmeier, Erica/0000-0002-7451-4325
FU University of Florida (UF) College of Veterinary Medicine Faculty Grant;
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Science to Achieve Results
Fellowship [91728101-0]
FX The authors would like to thank David Barber and Bill Farmerie for their
guidance with the microarray construction, with additional thanks to
David Barber for his help with the design of the exposure study. This
study was supported by the University of Florida (UF) College of
Veterinary Medicine Faculty Grant. Additional support to EB was provided
by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Science to Achieve Results
Fellowship 91728101-0. The contents of this article are solely the
responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views
of any of the funding agencies. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U. S. Government.
NR 37
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PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2164
J9 BMC GENOMICS
JI BMC Genomics
PD SEP 28
PY 2013
VL 14
AR 660
DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-660
PG 11
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 241NA
UT WOS:000326172700001
PM 24074126
ER
PT J
AU Gomberg, J
AF Gomberg, Joan
TI Permanently enhanced dynamic triggering probabilities as evidenced by
two M >= 7.5 earthquakes
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE dynamic triggering; waveguide; Queen Charlotte Fault; wavefield;
focusing
ID SEDIMENT-FILLED VALLEYS; TRANSFORM FAULTS; SEISMIC RESPONSE;
WAVE-PROPAGATION; SUBDUCTION ZONES; PLATE MOTIONS; 3-D STRUCTURE;
CALIFORNIA; SEISMOGRAMS; SEQUENCES
AB The 2012 M7.7 Haida Gwaii earthquake radiated waves that likely dynamically triggered the 2013 M7.5 Craig earthquake, setting two precedents. First, the triggered earthquake is the largest dynamically triggered shear failure event documented to date. Second, the events highlight a connection between geologic structure, sedimentary troughs that act as waveguides, and triggering probability. The Haida Gwaii earthquake excited extraordinarily large waves within and beyond the Queen Charlotte Trough, which propagated well into mainland Alaska and likely triggering the Craig earthquake along the way. Previously, focusing and associated dynamic triggering have been attributed to unpredictable source effects. This case suggests that elevated dynamic triggering probabilities may exist along the many structures where sedimentary troughs overlie major faults, such as subduction zones' accretionary prisms and transform faults' axial valleys. Although data are sparse, I find no evidence of accelerating seismic activity in the vicinity of the Craig rupture between it and the Haida Gwaii earthquake.
C1 US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Gomberg, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM gomberg@usgs.gov
NR 43
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 18
BP 4828
EP 4833
DI 10.1002/grl.50933
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 233IU
UT WOS:000325562600008
ER
PT J
AU Brown, ME
Walls, SC
AF Brown, Mary E.
Walls, Susan C.
TI Variation in Salinity Tolerance among Larval Anurans: Implications for
Community Composition and the Spread of an Invasive, Non-native Species
SO COPEIA
LA English
DT Article
ID TREEFROG OSTEOPILUS-SEPTENTRIONALIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES;
NONINDIGENOUS TADPOLES; COASTAL WETLANDS; SEA-LEVEL; FLORIDA;
CONSERVATION; HERPETOFAUNA; AMPHIBIANS
AB Amphibians in freshwater coastal wetlands periodically experience acute exposure to salinity from hurricane-related overwash events, as well as chronic exposure associated with rising sea levels. In a comparative experimental approach, we examined whether seven species of anuran amphibians vary in their tolerance to changes in salinity. In a laboratory study, we exposed larval Hyla cinerea (Green Treefrog), H. squirella (Squirrel Treefrog), Litho bates catesbeianus (American Bullfrog), L. sphenocephalus (Southern Leopard Frog), Anaxyrus terrestris (Southern Toad), and Gastrophryne carolinensis (Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad) from an inland population in north central Florida, USA, and Osteopilus septentrionalis (Cuban Treefrog) tadpoles from an inland population in southwest Florida, to acute salinity for 72 h. For each species, we replicated trials in which tadpoles were exposed to salinities of 0.2 (control), 5, 10, 12, 14, and 16 ppt. For all species, tadpoles reared in the control and 5 ppt treatments had 96.7-100% survival. No individuals of G. carolinensis survived at salinities exceeding 5 ppt and no individuals of any species survived in the 14 or 16 ppt treatments. For all other native species, survival at 10 ppt ranged from 46.7 to 80%, but declined to 0% at 12 ppt (except for H. cinerea, of which only 3.3% survived at 12 ppt). In contrast, all individuals of the invasive, non-native 0. septentrionalis survived exposure to a salinity of 10 ppt, and survival in this species remained relatively high at 12 ppt. Our results illustrate that the non-native 0. septentrionalis has a higher salinity tolerance than the native species tested, which may contribute to its invasion potential. Moreover, species commonly associated with coastal freshwater wetlands differ in their salinity tolerances, suggesting that salt water intrusion due to storm surges and sea level rise may affect the species composition of these ecosystems.
C1 [Brown, Mary E.] Cherokee Nation Technol Solut, US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Walls, Susan C.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Brown, ME (reprint author), Cherokee Nation Technol Solut, US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM mbrown@usgs.gov; swalls@usgs.gov
OI Walls, Susan/0000-0001-7391-9155
NR 47
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 31
PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS
PI MIAMI
PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200
SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA
SN 0045-8511
EI 1938-5110
J9 COPEIA
JI Copeia
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
IS 3
BP 543
EP 551
DI 10.1643/CH-12-159
PG 9
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AG2WM
UT WOS:000335277800022
ER
PT J
AU Krabbenhoft, DP
Sunderland, EM
AF Krabbenhoft, David P.
Sunderland, Elsie M.
TI Global Change and Mercury
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Krabbenhoft, David P.] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Sunderland, Elsie M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Sunderland, Elsie M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Krabbenhoft, DP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
EM dpkrabbe@usgs.gov
RI Sunderland, Elsie/D-5511-2014
OI Sunderland, Elsie/0000-0003-0386-9548
NR 15
TC 56
Z9 60
U1 9
U2 111
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
VL 341
IS 6153
BP 1457
EP 1458
DI 10.1126/science.1242838
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 224NS
UT WOS:000324894600032
PM 24072910
ER
PT J
AU Blake, DF
Morris, RV
Kocurek, G
Morrison, SM
Downs, RT
Bish, D
Ming, DW
Edgett, KS
Rubin, D
Goetz, W
Madsen, MB
Sullivan, R
Gellert, R
Campbell, I
Treiman, AH
McLennan, SM
Yen, AS
Grotzinger, J
Vaniman, DT
Chipera, SJ
Achilles, CN
Rampe, EB
Sumner, D
Meslin, PY
Maurice, S
Forni, O
Gasnault, O
Fisk, M
Schmidt, M
Mahaffy, P
Leshin, LA
Glavin, D
Steele, A
Freissinet, C
Navarro-Gonzalez, R
Yingst, RA
Kah, LC
Bridges, N
Lewis, KW
Bristow, TF
Farmer, JD
Crisp, JA
Stolper, EM
Marais, DJD
Sarrazin, P
AF Blake, D. F.
Morris, R. V.
Kocurek, G.
Morrison, S. M.
Downs, R. T.
Bish, D.
Ming, D. W.
Edgett, K. S.
Rubin, D.
Goetz, W.
Madsen, M. B.
Sullivan, R.
Gellert, R.
Campbell, I.
Treiman, A. H.
McLennan, S. M.
Yen, A. S.
Grotzinger, J.
Vaniman, D. T.
Chipera, S. J.
Achilles, C. N.
Rampe, E. B.
Sumner, D.
Meslin, P-Y.
Maurice, S.
Forni, O.
Gasnault, O.
Fisk, M.
Schmidt, M.
Mahaffy, P.
Leshin, L. A.
Glavin, D.
Steele, A.
Freissinet, C.
Navarro-Gonzalez, R.
Yingst, R. A.
Kah, L. C.
Bridges, N.
Lewis, K. W.
Bristow, T. F.
Farmer, J. D.
Crisp, J. A.
Stolper, E. M.
Marais, D. J. Des
Sarrazin, P.
CA MSL Sci Team
TI Curiosity at Gale Crater, Mars: Characterization and Analysis of the
Rocknest Sand Shadow
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MERIDIANI-PLANUM; LANDING SITE; SALTATION; DEPOSITS; DUNES
AB The Rocknest aeolian deposit is similar to aeolian features analyzed by the Mars Exploration Rovers (MERs) Spirit and Opportunity. The fraction of sand <150 micrometers in size contains similar to 55% crystalline material consistent with a basaltic heritage and similar to 45% x-ray amorphous material. The amorphous component of Rocknest is iron-rich and silicon-poor and is the host of the volatiles (water, oxygen, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and chlorine) detected by the Sample Analysis at Mars instrument and of the fine-grained nanophase oxide component first described from basaltic soils analyzed by MERs. The similarity between soils and aeolian materials analyzed at Gusev Crater, Meridiani Planum, and Gale Crater implies locally sourced, globally similar basaltic materials or globally and regionally sourced basaltic components deposited locally at all three locations.
C1 [Blake, D. F.; Bristow, T. F.; Marais, D. J. Des] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Morris, R. V.; Ming, D. W.; Achilles, C. N.; Rampe, E. B.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Kocurek, G.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Morrison, S. M.; Downs, R. T.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Bish, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Edgett, K. S.] Malin Space Sci Syst, San Diego, CA 92191 USA.
[Rubin, D.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Goetz, W.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
[Madsen, M. B.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Sullivan, R.] Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Gellert, R.; Campbell, I.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Treiman, A. H.] Lunar & Planetary Inst, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[McLennan, S. M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA.
[Yen, A. S.; Crisp, J. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Grotzinger, J.; Stolper, E. M.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Vaniman, D. T.; Yingst, R. A.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Chipera, S. J.] Chesapeake Energy, Oklahoma City, OK 73102 USA.
[Sumner, D.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Meslin, P-Y.; Maurice, S.; Forni, O.; Gasnault, O.] UPS OMP CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse, France.
[Fisk, M.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Schmidt, M.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[Mahaffy, P.; Glavin, D.; Freissinet, C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Leshin, L. A.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Steele, A.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
[Navarro-Gonzalez, R.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Kah, L. C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Bridges, N.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Lewis, K. W.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Farmer, J. D.] Arizona State Univ, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA.
[Sarrazin, P.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
RP Blake, DF (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM david.blake@nasa.gov
RI Gomez-Elvira, Javier/K-5829-2014; Ramos, Miguel/K-2230-2014; Gomez,
Felipe/L-7315-2014; Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose/L-8001-2014; Madsen,
Morten/D-2082-2011; Gonzalez, Rafael/D-1748-2009; Lemmon,
Mark/E-9983-2010; Glavin, Daniel/D-6194-2012; Frydenvang,
Jens/D-4781-2013; Balic-Zunic, Tonci/A-6362-2013; de Pablo, Miguel
Angel/J-6442-2014; Hayes, Alexander/P-2024-2014; Gasnault,
Olivier/F-4327-2010; Zorzano, Maria-Paz/C-5784-2015; szopa,
cyril/C-6865-2015; Martin-Torres, Francisco Javier/G-6329-2015; Blanco,
Juan Jose/E-3627-2014; Crisp, Joy/H-8287-2016; Harri,
Ari-Matti/C-7142-2012; Zorzano, Maria-Paz/F-2184-2015; Dworkin,
Jason/C-9417-2012
OI Gomez-Elvira, Javier/0000-0002-9068-9846; Ramos,
Miguel/0000-0003-3648-6818; Gomez, Felipe/0000-0001-9977-7060;
Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose/0000-0003-0461-9815; Madsen,
Morten/0000-0001-8909-5111; Lemmon, Mark/0000-0002-4504-5136; Glavin,
Daniel/0000-0001-7779-7765; Frydenvang, Jens/0000-0001-9294-1227;
Balic-Zunic, Tonci/0000-0003-1687-1233; de Pablo, Miguel
Angel/0000-0002-4496-2741; Edgett, Kenneth/0000-0001-7197-5751; Muller,
Jan-Peter/0000-0002-5077-3736; Forni, Olivier/0000-0001-6772-9689;
Hayes, Alexander/0000-0001-6397-2630; Gasnault,
Olivier/0000-0002-6979-9012; Zorzano, Maria-Paz/0000-0002-4492-9650;
szopa, cyril/0000-0002-0090-4056; Martin-Torres, Francisco
Javier/0000-0001-6479-2236; Blanco, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8666-0696;
Crisp, Joy/0000-0002-3202-4416; Harri, Ari-Matti/0000-0001-8541-2802;
Zorzano, Maria-Paz/0000-0002-4492-9650; Dworkin,
Jason/0000-0002-3961-8997
FU NASA Mars Science Laboratory Mission; Danish Council for Independent
Research/Natural Sciences (Det Frie Forskningsrad Natur og Univers FNU)
[12-127126, 11-107019]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [GO
2288/1-1]; NASA
FX Support from the NASA Mars Science Laboratory Mission is gratefully
acknowledged. The chemical and mineralogical data presented here are
derived from the archived data sets in the NASA Planetary Data System
(PDS) http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/msl, specifically
MSL-M-CHEMIN-2-EDR-V1.0 and MSL-M-APXS-2-EDR-V1.0. M. B. M. was funded
by the Danish Council for Independent Research/Natural Sciences (Det
Frie Forskningsrad Natur og Univers FNU grants 12-127126 and 11-107019).
W. G. acknowledges partial funding by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG grant GO 2288/1-1). Some of this research
was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, under a contract with NASA.
NR 40
TC 64
Z9 65
U1 6
U2 111
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
VL 341
IS 6153
AR 1239505
DI 10.1126/science.1239505
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 224NS
UT WOS:000324894600005
PM 24072928
ER
PT J
AU Meslin, PY
Gasnault, O
Forni, O
Schroder, S
Cousin, A
Berger, G
Clegg, SM
Lasue, J
Maurice, S
Sautter, V
Le Mouelic, S
Wiens, RC
Fabre, C
Goetz, W
Bish, D
Mangold, N
Ehlmann, B
Lanza, N
Harri, AM
Anderson, R
Rampe, E
McConnochie, TH
Pinet, P
Blaney, D
Leveille, R
Archer, D
Barraclough, B
Bender, S
Blake, D
Blank, JG
Bridges, N
Clark, BC
DeFlores, L
Delapp, D
Dromart, G
Dyar, MD
Fisk, M
Gondet, B
Grotzinger, J
Herkenhoff, K
Johnson, J
Lacour, JL
Langevin, Y
Leshin, L
Lewin, E
Madsen, MB
Melikechi, N
Mezzacappa, A
Mischna, MA
Moores, JE
Newsom, H
Ollila, A
Perez, R
Renno, N
Sirven, JB
Tokar, R
de la Torre, M
d'Uston, L
Vaniman, D
Yingst, A
AF Meslin, P-Y.
Gasnault, O.
Forni, O.
Schroeder, S.
Cousin, A.
Berger, G.
Clegg, S. M.
Lasue, J.
Maurice, S.
Sautter, V.
Le Mouelic, S.
Wiens, R. C.
Fabre, C.
Goetz, W.
Bish, D.
Mangold, N.
Ehlmann, B.
Lanza, N.
Harri, A-M.
Anderson, R.
Rampe, E.
McConnochie, T. H.
Pinet, P.
Blaney, D.
Leveille, R.
Archer, D.
Barraclough, B.
Bender, S.
Blake, D.
Blank, J. G.
Bridges, N.
Clark, B. C.
DeFlores, L.
Delapp, D.
Dromart, G.
Dyar, M. D.
Fisk, M.
Gondet, B.
Grotzinger, J.
Herkenhoff, K.
Johnson, J.
Lacour, J-L.
Langevin, Y.
Leshin, L.
Lewin, E.
Madsen, M. B.
Melikechi, N.
Mezzacappa, A.
Mischna, M. A.
Moores, J. E.
Newsom, H.
Ollila, A.
Perez, R.
Renno, N.
Sirven, J-B.
Tokar, R.
de la Torre, M.
d'Uston, L.
Vaniman, D.
Yingst, A.
CA MSL Sci Team
TI Soil Diversity and Hydration as Observed by ChemCam at Gale Crater, Mars
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID EMISSION SPECTROMETER DATA; X-RAY SPECTROMETER; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
INSTRUMENT SUITE; HYDROUS MINERALS; MARTIAN REGOLITH; WATER; SURFACE;
CHEMISTRY; ALLOPHANE
AB The ChemCam instrument, which provides insight into martian soil chemistry at the submillimeter scale, identified two principal soil types along the Curiosity rover traverse: a fine-grained mafic type and a locally derived, coarse-grained felsic type. The mafic soil component is representative of widespread martian soils and is similar in composition to the martian dust. It possesses a ubiquitous hydrogen signature in ChemCam spectra, corresponding to the hydration of the amorphous phases found in the soil by the CheMin instrument. This hydration likely accounts for an important fraction of the global hydration of the surface seen by previous orbital measurements. ChemCam analyses did not reveal any significant exchange of water vapor between the regolith and the atmosphere. These observations provide constraints on the nature of the amorphous phases and their hydration.
C1 [Meslin, P-Y.; Gasnault, O.; Forni, O.; Schroeder, S.; Berger, G.; Lasue, J.; Maurice, S.; Pinet, P.; d'Uston, L.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse, France.
[Meslin, P-Y.; Gasnault, O.; Forni, O.; Schroeder, S.; Berger, G.; Lasue, J.; Maurice, S.; Pinet, P.; d'Uston, L.] IRAP, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.
[Cousin, A.; Clegg, S. M.; Wiens, R. C.; Lanza, N.; Delapp, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Sautter, V.] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Lab Mineral & Cosmochim Museum, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Le Mouelic, S.; Mangold, N.] Univ Nantes, LPGN, CNRS, UMR6112, F-44322 Nantes, France.
[Fabre, C.] Univ Lorraine, GeoRessources, CNRS, UMR7356, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France.
[Goetz, W.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
[Bish, D.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Ehlmann, B.; Grotzinger, J.; de la Torre, M.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Ehlmann, B.; Blaney, D.; DeFlores, L.; Mischna, M. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Harri, A-M.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Earth Observat Res Div, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[Anderson, R.; Herkenhoff, K.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Rampe, E.; Archer, D.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[McConnochie, T. H.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Leveille, R.] Canadian Space Agcy, St Hubert, PQ J3Y 8Y9, Canada.
[Barraclough, B.; Bender, S.; Tokar, R.; Vaniman, D.; Yingst, A.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Blake, D.; Blank, J. G.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Johnson, J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Clark, B. C.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Dromart, G.] ENS, F-69007 Lyon, France.
[Dyar, M. D.] Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA.
[Fisk, M.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Gondet, B.; Langevin, Y.] Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Lacour, J-L.; Sirven, J-B.] Commissariat Energie Atom & Energies Alternat, Ctr Saclay, F-91400 Orsay, France.
[Leshin, L.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Lewin, E.] ISTerre, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
[Madsen, M. B.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Melikechi, N.; Mezzacappa, A.] Delaware State Univ, Opt Sci Ctr Appl Res, Dover, DE 19901 USA.
[Moores, J. E.] York Univ, Ctr Res Earth & Space Sci, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
[Newsom, H.; Ollila, A.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Perez, R.] Ctr Natl Etud Spatiales, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
[Renno, N.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Meslin, PY (reprint author), Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse, France.
EM pmeslin@irap.omp.eu
RI LEWIN, Eric/F-1451-2017; Hayes, Alexander/P-2024-2014; Gasnault,
Olivier/F-4327-2010; Zorzano, Maria-Paz/C-5784-2015; szopa,
cyril/C-6865-2015; Martin-Torres, Francisco Javier/G-6329-2015; Blanco,
Juan Jose/E-3627-2014; BERGER, Gilles/F-7118-2016; Harri,
Ari-Matti/C-7142-2012; Zorzano, Maria-Paz/F-2184-2015; Dworkin,
Jason/C-9417-2012; Sirven, Jean-Baptiste/H-5782-2013; Gomez-Elvira,
Javier/K-5829-2014; Ramos, Miguel/K-2230-2014; Gomez,
Felipe/L-7315-2014; Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose/L-8001-2014; Madsen,
Morten/D-2082-2011; Gonzalez, Rafael/D-1748-2009; Lemmon,
Mark/E-9983-2010; Frydenvang, Jens/D-4781-2013; Balic-Zunic,
Tonci/A-6362-2013; de Pablo, Miguel Angel/J-6442-2014
OI Muller, Jan-Peter/0000-0002-5077-3736; Forni,
Olivier/0000-0001-6772-9689; Clegg, Sam/0000-0002-0338-0948; Hayes,
Alexander/0000-0001-6397-2630; Gasnault, Olivier/0000-0002-6979-9012;
Zorzano, Maria-Paz/0000-0002-4492-9650; szopa,
cyril/0000-0002-0090-4056; Martin-Torres, Francisco
Javier/0000-0001-6479-2236; Blanco, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8666-0696;
Harri, Ari-Matti/0000-0001-8541-2802; Zorzano,
Maria-Paz/0000-0002-4492-9650; Dworkin, Jason/0000-0002-3961-8997;
Sirven, Jean-Baptiste/0000-0002-5523-6809; Gomez-Elvira,
Javier/0000-0002-9068-9846; Ramos, Miguel/0000-0003-3648-6818; Gomez,
Felipe/0000-0001-9977-7060; Rodriguez-Manfredi,
Jose/0000-0003-0461-9815; Madsen, Morten/0000-0001-8909-5111; Lemmon,
Mark/0000-0002-4504-5136; Frydenvang, Jens/0000-0001-9294-1227;
Balic-Zunic, Tonci/0000-0003-1687-1233; de Pablo, Miguel
Angel/0000-0002-4496-2741
FU Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES); NASA's Mars Program Office;
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GO 2288/1-1]
FX This research was carried out with funding from the Centre National
d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Work in the United States was carried out
under contract from NASA's Mars Program Office. W. G. acknowledges
partial funding from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant GO 2288/1-1.
This team gratefully acknowledges JPL for developing and leading this
successful mission. The data reported in this paper are archived at the
Planetary Data System, accessible at
http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/msl/index.htm.
NR 64
TC 85
Z9 85
U1 11
U2 145
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
VL 341
IS 6153
AR 1238670
DI 10.1126/science.1238670
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 224NS
UT WOS:000324894600001
PM 24072924
ER
PT J
AU Lovy, J
Piesik, P
Hershberger, PK
Garver, KA
AF Lovy, J.
Piesik, P.
Hershberger, P. K.
Garver, K. A.
TI Experimental infection studies demonstrating Atlantic salmon as a host
and reservoir of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus type IVa with
insights into pathology and host immunity
SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Viral hemorrhagic septicemia; Atlantic salmon; Pathology; Immune gene
ID NORTH-AMERICAN STRAIN; TURBOT SCOPHTHALMUS-MAXIMUS; INTERFERON-LIKE
ACTIVITY; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; ESOX-MASQUINONGY; NECROSIS VIRUS;
ANEMIA-VIRUS; CELL-LINE; IN-VITRO; VHSV
AB In British Columbia, Canada (BC), aquaculture of finfish in ocean netpens has the potential for pathogen transmission between wild and farmed species due to the sharing of an aquatic environment. Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is enzootic in BC and causes serious disease in wild Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii, which often enter and remain in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, netpens. Isolation of VHSV from farmed Atlantic salmon has been previously documented, but the effects on the health of farmed salmon and the wild fish sharing the environment are unknown. To determine their susceptibility, Atlantic salmon were exposed to a pool of 9 isolates of VHSV obtained from farmed Atlantic salmon in BC by IP-injection or by waterborne exposure and cohabitation with diseased Pacific herring. Disease intensity was quantified by recording mortality, clinical signs, histopathological changes, cellular sites of viral replication, expression of interferon-related genes, and viral tissue titers. Disease ensued in Atlantic salmon after both VHSV exposure methods. Fish demonstrated gross disease signs including darkening of the dorsal skin, bilateral exophthalmia, light cutaneous hemorrhage, and lethargy. The virus replicated within endothelial cells causing endothelial cell necrosis and extensive hemorrhage in anterior kidney. Infected fish demonstrated a type I interferon response as seen by up-regulation of genes for IFN alpha, Mx, and ISG15. In a separate trial infected salmon transmitted the virus to sympatric Pacific herring. The results demonstrate that farmed Atlantic salmon can develop clinical VHS and virus can persist in the tissues for at least 10 weeks. Avoiding VHS epizootics in Atlantic salmon farms would limit the potential of VHS in farmed Atlantic salmon, the possibility for further host adaptation in this species, and virus spillback to sympatric wild fishes. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Lovy, J.] Herring Conservat & Res Soc, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6M4, Canada.
[Lovy, J.; Piesik, P.; Garver, K. A.] Pacific Biol Stn, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada.
[Hershberger, P. K.] US Geol Survey, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
RP Lovy, J (reprint author), Off Fish & Wildlife Hlth & Forens, NJ Div Fish & Wildlife, 605 Pequest Rd, Oxford, NJ 07863 USA.
EM Jan.Lovy@dep.state.nj.us
FU Fisheries and Oceans Canada Aquaculture Collaborative Research and
Development Program [P11-02-006]; Herring Conservation and Research
Society; Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council [10100132-I]
FX The authors are grateful for the assistance of Nicole Lewis in
statistical analysis of the data, William Bennett for histological
support, John Richard and Laura Hawley for assistance in the laboratory,
and Holly Hicklin and Robert Kennedy for helping to maintain fish in the
aquatics facility. Funding was supported by the Fisheries and Oceans
Canada Aquaculture Collaborative Research and Development Program
(Project no. P11-02-006) and the Herring Conservation and Research
Society. Pacific herring from this study were provided by Project #
10100132-I, funded by the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council. The
use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the
information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute
an official endorsement or approval by the Canadian government, U.S.
Department of Interior or the U.S. Geological Survey of any product or
service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1135
J9 VET MICROBIOL
JI Vet. Microbiol.
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
VL 166
IS 1-2
BP 91
EP 101
DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.05.019
PG 11
WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 197JS
UT WOS:000322848100010
PM 23838146
ER
PT J
AU Brander, SM
Connon, RE
He, GC
Hobbs, JA
Smalling, KL
Teh, SJ
White, JW
Werner, I
Denison, MS
Cherr, GN
AF Brander, Susanne M.
Connon, Richard E.
He, Guochun
Hobbs, James A.
Smalling, Kelly L.
Teh, Swee J.
White, J. Wilson
Werner, Inge
Denison, Michael S.
Cherr, Gary N.
TI From 'Omics to Otoliths: Responses of an Estuarine Fish to Endocrine
Disrupting Compounds across Biological Scales
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID DEPENDENT SEX DETERMINATION; MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; MEDAKA
ORYZIAS-LATIPES; IN-VITRO; HYPOMESUS-TRANSPACIFICUS; POPULATION-LEVEL;
MENIDIA-MENIDIA; GENE-EXPRESSION; TREATMENT-PLANT; DELTA SMELT
AB Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) cause physiological abnormalities and population decline in fishes. However, few studies have linked environmental EDC exposures with responses at multiple tiers of the biological hierarchy, including population-level effects. To this end, we undertook a four-tiered investigation in the impacted San Francisco Bay estuary with the Mississippi silverside (Menidia audens), a small pelagic fish. This approach demonstrated links between different EDC sources and fish responses at different levels of biological organization. First we determined that water from a study site primarily impacted by ranch run-off had only estrogenic activity in vitro, while water sampled from a site receiving a combination of urban, limited ranch run-off, and treated wastewater effluent had both estrogenic and androgenic activity. Secondly, at the molecular level we found that fish had higher mRNA levels for estrogen-responsive genes at the site where only estrogenic activity was detected but relatively lower expression levels where both estrogenic and androgenic EDCs were detected. Thirdly, at the organism level, males at the site exposed to both estrogens and androgens had significantly lower mean gonadal somatic indices, significantly higher incidence of severe testicular necrosis and altered somatic growth relative to the site where only estrogens were detected. Finally, at the population level, the sex ratio was significantly skewed towards males at the site with measured androgenic and estrogenic activity. Our results suggest that mixtures of androgenic and estrogenic EDCs have antagonistic and potentially additive effects depending on the biological scale being assessed, and that mixtures containing androgens and estrogens may produce unexpected effects. In summary, evaluating EDC response at multiple tiers is necessary to determine the source of disruption (lowest scale, i.e. cell line) and what the ecological impact will be (largest scale, i.e. sex ratio).
C1 [Brander, Susanne M.; Cherr, Gary N.] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Brander, Susanne M.; He, Guochun; Denison, Michael S.; Cherr, Gary N.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Brander, Susanne M.; White, J. Wilson] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA.
[Connon, Richard E.; Teh, Swee J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anat Physiol & Cell Biol, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Hobbs, James A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Smalling, Kelly L.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Werner, Inge] Eawag Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Swiss Ctr Appl Ecotoxicol, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Cherr, Gary N.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Brander, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
EM branders@uncw.edu
OI Smalling, Kelly/0000-0002-1214-4920
FU Delta Science [R/SF-27, SCI-05-C111]; National Science Foundation
[GK-12, 0841297]; Sacramento Regional County Sanitation District;
Interagency Ecological Program, Sacramento, California [4600008070];
National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences [P42-ES004699];
California Department of Fish and Wildlife [E1183010]
FX This work was supported by grants from Delta Science (Pre-Doctoral
Fellowship R/SF-27 to SMB and grant no. SCI-05-C111), the National
Science Foundation (GK-12 Pre-Doctoral Fellowship to SMB, grant no.
0841297), the Sacramento Regional County Sanitation District, and the
Interagency Ecological Program, Sacramento, California (Contract No.
4600008070 to IW), a Superfund Research Grant from the National
Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (P42-ES004699 to M.
Denison), and continuing funding from the California Department of Fish
and Wildlife (Contract No. E1183010 to REC and SMB). The funders had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
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PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 25
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 9
AR e74251
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0074251
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 228VC
UT WOS:000325218700019
PM 24086325
ER
PT J
AU Das, T
Maurer, EP
Pierce, DW
Dettinger, MD
Cayan, DR
AF Das, Tapash
Maurer, Edwin P.
Pierce, David W.
Dettinger, Michael D.
Cayan, Daniel R.
TI Increases in flood magnitudes in California under warming climates
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Statistical downscaling; Flood risk; Sierra Nevada
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; SIERRA-NEVADA;
INTENSE PRECIPITATION; ATMOSPHERIC RIVERS; NORTH-AMERICA; IMPACTS;
TEMPERATURE; EMISSIONS; EXTREMES
AB Downscaled and hydrologically modeled projections from an ensemble of 16 Global Climate Models suggest that flooding may become more intense on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountains, the primary source for California's managed water system. By the end of the 21st century, all 16 climate projections for the high greenhouse-gas emission SRES A2 scenario yield larger floods with return periods ranging 2-50 years for both the Northern Sierra Nevada and Southern Sierra Nevada, regardless of the direction of change in mean precipitation. By end of century, discharges from the Northern Sierra Nevada with 50-year return periods increase by 30-90% depending on climate model, compared to historical values. Corresponding flood flows from the Southern Sierra increase by 50-100%. The increases in simulated 50 year flood flows are larger (at 95% confidence level) than would be expected due to natural variability by as early as 2035 for the SRES A2 scenario. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Das, Tapash] CH2M HILL Inc, San Diego, CA USA.
[Das, Tapash; Pierce, David W.; Dettinger, Michael D.; Cayan, Daniel R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Climate Atmospher Sci & Phys Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Maurer, Edwin P.] Santa Clara Univ, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA.
[Dettinger, Michael D.; Cayan, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Das, T (reprint author), CH2M HILL Inc, San Diego, CA USA.
EM tapash.das@ch2m.com
RI Maurer, Edwin/C-7190-2009
OI Maurer, Edwin/0000-0001-7134-487X
FU CALFED Bay-Delta Program; California Energy Commission; California
Energy Commission PIER Program through the California Climate Change
Center; NOAA RISA Program
FX We thank the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison and
the World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Working Group on Coupled
Modeling for the WCRP Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3
(CMIP3) multi-model dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the
Office of Science, US Department of Energy (DOE). Bias-corrected and
spatially down-scaled climate projections derived from CMIP3 data and
served at: http://gdo-dcp.ucllnl.org/downscaled_cmip3_projections/.
During the development of the majority of this work, TD was working as a
postdoctoral scholar at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The
study was supported by CALFED Bay-Delta Program funded-postdoctoral
fellowship grant provided to TD and also by the California Energy
Commission-funded California Climate Change Center. The California
Energy Commission PIER Program, through the California Climate Change
Center, and the NOAA RISA Program provided partial salary support for DC
NR 69
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD SEP 25
PY 2013
VL 501
BP 101
EP 110
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.07.042
PG 10
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 231BP
UT WOS:000325388300009
ER
PT J
AU Mair, A
Hagedorn, B
Tillery, S
El-Kadi, AI
Westenbroek, S
Ha, K
Koh, GW
AF Mair, Alan
Hagedorn, Benjamin
Tillery, Suzanne
El-Kadi, Aly I.
Westenbroek, Stephen
Ha, Kyoochul
Koh, Gi-Won
TI Temporal and spatial variability of groundwater recharge on Jeju Island,
Korea
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Groundwater recharge; Island of Jeju; Soil water balance; SWB model
ID WATER BALANCE MODEL; VOLCANIC ISLAND; NITRATE CONTAMINATION;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; COASTAL AQUIFER; INTERCEPTION LOSS; SOUTH-KOREA;
RAINFALL; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; FOREST
AB Estimates of groundwater recharge spatial and temporal variability are essential inputs to groundwater flow models that are used to test groundwater availability under different management and climate conditions. In this study, a soil water balance analysis was conducted to estimate groundwater recharge on the island of Jeju, Korea, for baseline, drought, and climate-land use change scenarios. The Soil Water Balance (SWB) computer code was used to compute groundwater recharge and other water balance components at a daily time step using a 100 m grid cell size for an 18-year baseline scenario (1992-2009). A 10-year drought scenario was selected from historical precipitation trends (1961-2009), while the climate-land use change scenario was developed using late 21st century climate projections and a change in urban land use. Mean annual recharge under the baseline, drought, and climate-land use scenarios was estimated at 884,591, and 788 mm, respectively. Under the baseline scenario, mean annual recharge was within the range of previous estimates (825-959 mm) and only slightly lower than the mean of 902 mm. As a fraction of mean annual rainfall, mean annual recharge was computed as only 42% and less than previous estimates of 44-48%. The maximum historical reported annual pumping rate of 241 x 10(6) m(3) equates to 15% of baseline recharge, which is within the range of 14-16% computed from earlier studies. The model does not include a mechanism to account for additional sources of groundwater recharge, such as fog drip, irrigation, and artificial recharge, and may also overestimate evapotranspiration losses. Consequently, the results presented in this study represent a conservative estimate of total recharge. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Mair, Alan; El-Kadi, Aly I.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Water Resources Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Mair, Alan; El-Kadi, Aly I.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Hagedorn, Benjamin] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Geol Sci, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
[Tillery, Suzanne] Int Boundary & Water Commiss, El Paso, TX 79902 USA.
[Westenbroek, Stephen] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Ha, Kyoochul] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Groundwater Dept, Taejon 305350, South Korea.
[Koh, Gi-Won] Jeju Special Self Governing Prov Dev Corp, Jeju City 695960, South Korea.
RP Mair, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Water Sci Ctr, 677 Ala Moana Blvd,Suite 415, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
EM mair@hawaii.edu
FU Ministry of Knowledge Economy; Korea Institute for Advancement of
Technology; Jeju Leading Industry Office through the Leading Industry
Development for Economic Region; Basic Research Project of KI-GAM
[12-3211]
FX This research was supported by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Korea
Institute for Advancement of Technology, and Jeju Leading Industry
Office through the Leading Industry Development for Economic Region and
Basic Research Project (12-3211) of KI-GAM. The authors would like to
thank Michael Fienen, Richard Healy, Keith Lucey, and one anonymous
reviewer for their constructive comments.
NR 97
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD SEP 25
PY 2013
VL 501
BP 213
EP 226
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.08.015
PG 14
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 231BP
UT WOS:000325388300020
ER
PT J
AU Brock, JC
Danielson, JJ
Purkis, S
AF Brock, John C.
Danielson, Jeffery J.
Purkis, Samuel
TI Emerging methods for the study of coastal ecosystem landscape structure
and change PREFACE
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Brock, John C.] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Danielson, Jeffery J.] US Geol Survey, EROS Data Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Purkis, Samuel] Nova SE Univ, Natl Coral Reef Inst, Oceanog Ctr, Dania, FL 33004 USA.
RP Brock, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM jbrock@usgs.gov; daniels@usgs.gov; purkis@nova.edu
NR 9
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD SEP 20
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 18
SI SI
BP 6283
EP 6285
DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.810445
PG 3
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 174QN
UT WOS:000321170600001
ER
PT J
AU Yang, LM
Homer, C
Brock, J
Fry, J
AF Yang, Limin
Homer, Collin
Brock, John
Fry, Joyce
TI An efficient method for change detection of soil, vegetation and water
in the Northern Gulf of Mexico wetland ecosystem
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; COASTAL WETLANDS; TM IMAGERY; CLASSIFICATION;
RADAR; AREA; LOUISIANA; PATTERNS; PIXEL
AB Mapping and monitoring wetland ecosystems over large geographic areas based on remote sensing is challenging because of the spatial and spectral complexities of the inherent ecosystem dynamics. The main objective of this research was to develop and evaluate a new method for detecting and quantifying wetland changes in the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) region using multitemporal, multispectral, and multisensor remotely sensed data. The abundance of three land- cover types (water, vegetation, and soil) was quantified for each Landsat 30m pixel for 1987, 2004, 2005, and 2006 using a regression tree algorithm. The performance of the algorithm was evaluated using an independent reference data set derived from a high-resolution QuickBird image, and several statistics including average error (AE), relative error (RE), and the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). For per-pixel percentage estimation, the AE is under 10% for water prediction, 9.5-11.4% for vegetation, and 9-11.1% for soil. The correlation coefficients between predicted and reference data range from 0.90 to 0.96 for water, from 0.80 to 0.89 for vegetation, and from 0.79 to 0.86 for soil. The high accuracy achieved by this method is attributed to the high quality of training data and the rigorous calibrations applied to multisensor and multitemporal satellite imagery. Based on the multitemporal estimation of the three land-cover components, spatial and temporal changes of the land-cover types from 1987 to 2006 were quantified and analysed. The study demonstrates that the method provided useful information on the abundance and changes of the key land-cover types in the NGOM region where long-term disturbances and episodic events occurred. Such information is valuable for monitoring land and vegetation loss and recovery processes, and for understanding possible drivers of the coastal wetland evolution in the region.
C1 [Yang, Limin] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Homer, Collin; Fry, Joyce] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Brock, John] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Yang, LM (reprint author), Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM lyang@usgs.gov
FU USGS NGOM Ecosystem Change and Hazard Susceptibility project
FX The research was partially supported by the USGS NGOM Ecosystem Change
and Hazard Susceptibility project. Special thanks go to the USGS NGOM
Ecosystem Change and Hazard Susceptibility project team members: Brady
Couvillion, John Barras, Monica Palaseanu-Lovejoy, and Christine
Kranenburg for their support and collaborations during this study. We
also thank Lei Ji and anonymous reviewers for their constructive
comments.
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PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD SEP 20
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 18
SI SI
BP 6321
EP 6336
DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.800653
PG 16
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 174QN
UT WOS:000321170600003
ER
PT J
AU Lim, S
Thatcher, CA
Brock, JC
Kimbrow, DR
Danielson, JJ
Reynolds, BJ
AF Lim, Samsung
Thatcher, Cindy A.
Brock, John C.
Kimbrow, Dustin R.
Danielson, Jeffrey J.
Reynolds, B. J.
TI Accuracy assessment of a mobile terrestrial lidar survey at Padre Island
National Seashore
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
AB The higher point density and mobility of terrestrial laser scanning (light detection and ranging (lidar)) is desired when extremely detailed elevation data are needed for mapping vertically orientated complex features such as levees, dunes, and cliffs, or when highly accurate data are needed for monitoring geomorphic changes. Mobile terrestrial lidar scanners have the capability for rapid data collection on a larger spatial scale compared with tripod-based terrestrial lidar, but few studies have examined the accuracy of this relatively new mapping technology. For this reason, we conducted a field test at Padre Island National Seashore of a mobile lidar scanner mounted on a sport utility vehicle and integrated with a position and orientation system. The purpose of the study was to assess the vertical and horizontal accuracy of data collected by the mobile terrestrial lidar system, which is georeferenced to the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988. To accomplish the study objectives, independent elevation data were collected by conducting a high-accuracy global positioning system survey to establish the coordinates and elevations of 12 targets spaced throughout the 12 km transect. These independent ground control data were compared to the lidar scanner-derived elevations to quantify the accuracy of the mobile lidar system. The performance of the mobile lidar system was also tested at various vehicle speeds and scan density settings (e.g. field of view and linear point spacing) to estimate the optimal parameters for desired point density. After adjustment of the lever arm parameters, the final point cloud accuracy was 0.060 m (east), 0.095 m (north), and 0.053 m (height). The very high density of the resulting point cloud was sufficient to map fine-scale topographic features, such as the complex shape of the sand dunes.
C1 [Lim, Samsung] Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Thatcher, Cindy A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA USA.
[Brock, John C.] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Kimbrow, Dustin R.] US Geol Survey, Alabama Water Sci Ctr, Montgomery, AL USA.
[Danielson, Jeffrey J.] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Reynolds, B. J.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL USA.
RP Lim, S (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
EM s.lim@unsw.edu.au
OI Thatcher, Cindy/0000-0003-0331-071X; Lim, Samsung/0000-0001-9838-8960
NR 11
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD SEP 20
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 18
SI SI
BP 6355
EP 6366
DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.800658
PG 12
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 174QN
UT WOS:000321170600005
ER
PT J
AU Pe'eri, S
McLeod, A
Lavoie, P
Ackerman, S
Gardner, J
Parrish, C
AF Pe'eri, Shachak
McLeod, Andy
Lavoie, Paul
Ackerman, Seth
Gardner, James
Parrish, Christopher
TI Field calibration and validation of remote-sensing surveys
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID REFLECTANCE
AB The Optical Collection Suite (OCS) is a ground-truth sampling system designed to perform in situ measurements that help calibrate and validate optical remote-sensing and swath-sonar surveys for mapping and monitoring coastal ecosystems and ocean planning. The OCS system enables researchers to collect underwater imagery with real-time feedback, measure the spectral response, and quantify the water clarity with simple and relatively inexpensive instruments that can be hand-deployed from a small vessel. This article reviews the design and performance of the system, based on operational and logistical considerations, as well as the data requirements to support a number of coastal science and management projects. The OCS system has been operational since 2009 and has been used in several ground-truth missions that overlapped with airborne lidar bathymetry (ALB), hyperspectral imagery (HSI), and swath-sonar bathymetric surveys in the Gulf of Maine, southwest Alaska, and the US Virgin Islands (USVI). Research projects that have used the system include a comparison of backscatter intensity derived from acoustic (multibeam/interferometric sonars) versus active optical (ALB) sensors, ALB bottom detection, and seafloor characterization using HSI and ALB.
C1 [Pe'eri, Shachak; McLeod, Andy; Lavoie, Paul; Gardner, James] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Coastal & Ocean Mapping, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Ackerman, Seth] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Parrish, Christopher] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Pe'eri, S (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Coastal & Ocean Mapping, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM shachak@ccom.unh.edu
FU UNH/NOAA Joint Hydrographic Center grant [NA05NOS4001153]
FX The authors wish to thank captains of the research vessels Chocheco and
Osprey, Emily Terry, and Ian Lundgren, and the NOAA field operation
officers, and their survey team on board the NOAA survey vessel Rainier
for allowing us to use their vessels for this study. The authors would
also wish to thank Pete Dartnell from the USGS, Menlo Park, CA, and the
anonymous reviewers who have improved the article through their
constructive suggestions. This project was funded from the UNH/NOAA
Joint Hydrographic Center grant NA05NOS4001153.
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PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD SEP 20
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 18
SI SI
BP 6423
EP 6436
DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.800655
PG 14
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 174QN
UT WOS:000321170600008
ER
PT J
AU Burns, JC
Herzog, L
Fabri, O
Tremoulet, AH
Rodo, X
Uehara, R
Burgner, D
Bainto, E
Pierce, D
Tyree, M
Cayan, D
AF Burns, Jane C.
Herzog, Lauren
Fabri, Olivia
Tremoulet, Adriana H.
Rodo, Xavier
Uehara, Ritei
Burgner, David
Bainto, Emelia
Pierce, David
Tyree, Mary
Cayan, Daniel
CA Kawasaki Dis Global Climate Consor
TI Seasonality of Kawasaki Disease: A Global Perspective
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ASSOCIATION; JAPAN
AB Background: Understanding global seasonal patterns of Kawasaki disease (KD) may provide insight into the etiology of this vasculitis that is now the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries worldwide.
Methods: Data from 1970-2012 from 25 countries distributed over the globe were analyzed for seasonality. The number of KD cases from each location was normalized to minimize the influence of greater numbers from certain locations. The presence of seasonal variation of KD at the individual locations was evaluated using three different tests: time series modeling, spectral analysis, and a Monte Carlo technique.
Results: A defined seasonal structure emerged demonstrating broad coherence in fluctuations in KD cases across the Northern Hemisphere extra-tropical latitudes. In the extra-tropical latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, KD case numbers were highest in January through March and approximately 40% higher than in the months of lowest case numbers from August through October. Datasets were much sparser in the tropics and the Southern Hemisphere extra-tropics and statistical significance of the seasonality tests was weak, but suggested a maximum in May through June, with approximately 30% higher number of cases than in the least active months of February, March and October. The seasonal pattern in the Northern Hemisphere extra-tropics was consistent across the first and second halves of the sample period.
Conclusion: Using the first global KD time series, analysis of sites located in the Northern Hemisphere extra-tropics revealed statistically significant and consistent seasonal fluctuations in KD case numbers with high numbers in winter and low numbers in late summer and fall. Neither the tropics nor the Southern Hemisphere extra-tropics registered a statistically significant aggregate seasonal cycle. These data suggest a seasonal exposure to a KD agent that operates over large geographic regions and is concentrated during winter months in the Northern Hemisphere extratropics.
C1 [Burns, Jane C.; Herzog, Lauren; Fabri, Olivia; Tremoulet, Adriana H.] Rady Childrens Hosp San Diego, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Burns, Jane C.; Herzog, Lauren; Fabri, Olivia; Tremoulet, Adriana H.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Rodo, Xavier] ICREA, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
[Rodo, Xavier] Inst Catala Ciencies Clima IC3, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
[Burgner, David] Royal Childrens Hosp, Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia.
[Bainto, Emelia; Pierce, David; Tyree, Mary; Cayan, Daniel] UCSD, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Bainto, Emelia; Pierce, David; Tyree, Mary; Cayan, Daniel] Water Resources Discipline, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Cayan, Daniel] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Burns, JC (reprint author), Rady Childrens Hosp San Diego, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA USA.
EM jcburns@ucsd.edu
RI Burns, Jane/J-6167-2015; Anton, Jordi/A-9848-2017;
OI Anton, Jordi/0000-0002-8792-4219; Tulloh, Robert/0000-0002-3180-6993;
Rodo, Xavier/0000-0003-4843-6180
FU National Institutes of Health; National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute
[HL69413, iDASH U54-HL108460]; La Marato de TV3 Foundation; National
Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Regional Integrated
Sciences; Assessments through the California Nevada Applications
Program, through the National Oceanographic; Atmospheric Administration
Regional Integrated Science Assessments program
FX This work was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes
of Health, National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute (HL69413 and iDASH
U54-HL108460) awarded to JCB, by La Marato de TV3 Foundation ('Malaties
cardiovasculars 2007') to XR, and by the National Oceanographic and
Atmospheric Administration Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments
through the California Nevada Applications Program, through the National
Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Regional Integrated Science
Assessments program, awarded to DC. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 24
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 12
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 18
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 9
AR UNSP e74529
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0074529
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 221YD
UT WOS:000324695900054
PM 24058585
ER
PT J
AU Sen, IS
Peucker-Ehrenbrink, B
Geboy, N
AF Sen, Indra S.
Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard
Geboy, Nicholas
TI Complex Anthropogenic Sources of Platinum Group Elements in Aerosols on
Cape Cod, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER; HIGHLY-SIDEROPHILE ELEMENTS; OSMIUM
ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; SUDBURY IGNEOUS COMPLEX; ROAD DUST; ICP-MS;
RE-187-OS-187 SYSTEMATICS; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE;
SOURCE SIGNATURES
AB Platinum group elements (PGE) of anthropogenic origin have been reported in rainwater, snow, roadside soil and vegetation, industrial waste, and urban airborne particles around the world. As recent studies have shown that PGE are bioavailable in the environment and pose health risks at chronic levels, the extent of PGE pollution is of global concern. In this study, we report PGE concentrations and osmium isotope (Os-187/Os-188) ratios of airborne particles (particulate matter, PM10) collected in Woods Hole, a small coastal village on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, U.S.A. The sampling site is more than 100 km away from the nearest urban centers (Boston, Providence) and has no large industrial emission center within a 30 km radius. The study reveals that, although PGE concentrations in rural airborne particulate matter are orders of magnitude lower than in urban aerosols, 69% of the total osmium is of anthropogenic origin. Anthropogenic PGE signatures in airborne particles are thus not restricted to large cities with high traffic flows and substantial industries; they can also be found in rural environments. We further conclude that the combination of Pt/Rh concentration ratios and Os-187/Os-188 composition can be used to trace PGE sources. The Pt/Rh and (OS)-O-187/Os-188 composition of Woods Hole aerosols indicate that the anthropogenic PGE fraction is primarily sourced from ore smelting processes, with possible minor contributions from fossil fuel burning and automobile catalyst-derived materials. Our results further substantiate the use of Os-187/Os-188 in source apportionment studies on continental scales.
C1 [Sen, Indra S.; Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Sen, Indra S.] Indian Inst Technol, Sch Earth Ocean & Climate Sci, Bhubaneswar 751013, OD, India.
[Geboy, Nicholas] US Geol Survey, Eastern Energy Resources Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Sen, IS (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM isen@iitbbs.ac.in
RI SEN, INDRA/G-5878-2012;
OI SEN, INDRA/0000-0001-7302-2313; Peucker-Ehrenbrink,
Bernhard/0000-0002-3819-992X
FU Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Postdoctoral Scholarship; NSF
[ATM-0830212]; WHOI Coastal Ocean Institute
FX I.S.S. is thankful for a Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Postdoctoral Scholarship that supported this work. B.P.-E. acknowledges
financial support from NSF grant ATM-0830212 and from the WHOI Coastal
Ocean Institute. We thank Allan Kolker and the anonymous reviewers for
their insightful comments, all of which have improved the quality of the
manuscript, and Xiang-dong Li for editorial handling.
NR 70
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 29
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 17
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 18
BP 10188
EP 10196
DI 10.1021/es4016348
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 295DE
UT WOS:000330096000017
PM 23915354
ER
PT J
AU Scavia, D
Evans, MA
Obenour, DR
AF Scavia, Donald
Evans, Mary Anne
Obenour, Daniel R.
TI A Scenario and Forecast Model for Gulf of Mexico Hypoxic Area and Volume
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOUISIANA CONTINENTAL-SHELF; PREDICTING SUMMER HYPOXIA; MISSISSIPPI
RIVER; NITROGEN LOADS; WATER; DYNAMICS; ZONE
AB For almost three decades, the relative size of the hypoxic region on the Louisiana-Texas continental shelf has drawn scientific and policy attention. During that time, both simple and complex models have been used to explore hypoxia dynamics and to provide management guidance relating the size of the hypoxic zone to key drivers. Throughout much of that development, analyses had to accommodate an apparent change in hypoxic sensitivity to loads and often cull observations due to anomalous meteorological conditions. Here, we describe an adaptation of our earlier, simple biophysical model, calibrated to revised hypoxic area estimates and new hypoxic volume estimates through Bayesian estimation. This application eliminates the need to cull observations and provides revised hypoxic extent estimates with uncertainties corresponding to different nutrient loading reduction scenarios. We compare guidance from this model application, suggesting an approximately 62% nutrient loading reduction is required to reduce Gulf hypoida to the Action Plan goal of 5000 km(2), to that of previous applications. In addition, we describe for the first time, the corresponding response of hypoxic volume. We also analyze model results to test for increasing system sensitivity to hypoxia formation, but find no strong evidence of such change.
C1 [Scavia, Donald] Univ Michigan, Graham Sustainabil Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
[Scavia, Donald; Obenour, Daniel R.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Evans, Mary Anne] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Scavia, D (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Graham Sustainabil Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
EM scavia@umich.edu
OI Evans, Mary Anne/0000-0002-1627-7210; Scavia, Donald/0000-0002-2784-8269
FU U.S. EPA STAR Fellowship program; NOAA's Center for Sponsored Coastal
Ocean Research [NA09NOS780204]; University of Michigan Graham
Sustainability Institute
FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. EPA STAR Fellowship program,
NOAA's Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research grant NA09NOS780204,
and the University of Michigan Graham Sustainability Institute. This is
NGOMEX contribution 180. This article is Contribution 1776 of the U.S.
Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 32
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 17
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 18
BP 10423
EP 10428
DI 10.1021/es4025035
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 295DE
UT WOS:000330096000044
PM 23962226
ER
PT J
AU Hughes, BB
Eby, R
Van Dyke, E
Tinker, MT
Marks, CI
Johnson, KS
Wasson, K
AF Hughes, Brent B.
Eby, Ron
Van Dyke, Eric
Tinker, M. Tim
Marks, Corina I.
Johnson, Kenneth S.
Wasson, Kerstin
TI Recovery of a top predator mediates negative eutrophic effects on
seagrass
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE eutrophication; food web; estuary; resilience
ID CENTRAL CALIFORNIA ESTUARY; EELGRASS ZOSTERA-MARINA; SEA OTTERS;
NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS; NITROGEN LOADS; SALT MARSHES;
DOWN CONTROL; SPECIALIZATION; CONSEQUENCES
AB A fundamental goal of the study of ecology is to determine the drivers of habitat-forming vegetation, with much emphasis given to the relative importance to vegetation of "bottom-up" forces such as the role of nutrients and "top-down" forces such as the influence of herbivores and their predators. For coastal vegetation (e.g., kelp, seagrass, marsh, and mangroves) it has been well demonstrated that alterations to bottom-up forcing can cause major disturbances leading to loss of dominant vegetation. One such process is anthropogenic nutrient loading, which can lead to major changes in the abundance and species composition of primary producers, ultimately affecting important ecosystem services. In contrast, much less is known about the relative importance of apex predators on coastal vegetated ecosystems because most top predator populations have been depleted or lost completely. Here we provide evidence that an unusual four-level trophic cascade applies in one such system, whereby a top predator mitigates the bottom-up influences of nutrient loading. In a study of seagrass beds in an estuarine ecosystem exposed to extreme nutrient loading, we use a combination of a 50-y time series analysis, spatial comparisons, and mesocosm and field experiments to demonstrate that sea otters (Enhydra lutris) promote the growth and expansion of eelgrass (Zostera marina) through a trophic cascade, counteracting the negative effects of agriculturally induced nutrient loading. Our results add to a small but growing body of literature illustrating that significant interactions between bottom-up and top-down forces occur, in this case with consequences for the conservation of valued ecosystem services provided by seagrass.
C1 [Hughes, Brent B.; Tinker, M. Tim; Wasson, Kerstin] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Eby, Ron; Van Dyke, Eric; Wasson, Kerstin] Elkhorn Slough Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Watsonville, CA 95076 USA.
[Tinker, M. Tim] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Marks, Corina I.] Calif State Univ, Div Sci & Environm Policy, Seafloor Mapping Lab, Seaside, CA 93955 USA.
[Johnson, Kenneth S.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
RP Hughes, BB (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM bbhughes@ucsc.edu
RI Tinker, Martin/F-1277-2011; Johnson, Kenneth/F-9742-2011
OI Johnson, Kenneth/0000-0001-5513-5584
FU National Estuarine Research Reserve Graduate Research Fellowship;
University of California, Santa Cruz, Department of Ecology and
Evolutionary Biology; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's
Estuarine Reserve Division; Seafloor Mapping Lab at California State
University, Monterey Bay; California Department of Fish and Wildlife; US
Geological Survey's Western Ecological Research Center; David and Lucile
Packard Foundation; National Science Foundation
FX We thank J. Estes for his enthusiasm and support of this research; P.
Raimondi, S. Williams, R. Zimmerman, M. Carr, B. Silliman, B. Lyon, R.
Kudela, K. Karr, and A. Miles for comments on the manuscript; the editor
R. Paine and three anonymous reviewers; and S. Abbey, G. Bentall, B.
Bulkin, S. Fork, J. Glanz, K. Hanni, S. Legnard, K. Mayer, R. Preisler,
P. Osmolovsky, M. Staedler, J. Stewart, M. Subia, and J. Worland for
data and support for this project. This work was supported through a
National Estuarine Research Reserve Graduate Research Fellowship (to B.
B. H.); a grant from the University of California, Santa Cruz,
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (to B. B. H.); a grant
from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Estuarine Reserve
Division (to E. V. D. and K. W.); the Seafloor Mapping Lab at California
State University, Monterey Bay (C. I. M.); the California Department of
Fish and Wildlife; the US Geological Survey's Western Ecological
Research Center (M. T. T.); and grants from the David and Lucile Packard
Foundation and the National Science Foundation (to K.S.J.).
NR 55
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 17
U2 208
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD SEP 17
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 38
BP 15313
EP 15318
DI 10.1073/pnas.1302805110
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 219GW
UT WOS:000324495300047
PM 23983266
ER
PT J
AU Hershberger, P
Rhodes, L
Kurath, G
Winton, J
AF Hershberger, Paul
Rhodes, Linda
Kurath, Gael
Winton, James
TI Infectious Diseases of Fishes in the Salish Sea
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA; BACTERIAL KIDNEY-DISEASE; HEMATOPOIETIC
NECROSIS VIRUS; CLUPEA-HARENGUS-PALLASI; NORTH-AMERICAN STRAIN;
ERYTHROCYTIC NECROSIS; RENIBACTERIUM-SALMONINARUM; BRITISH-COLUMBIA;
CHINOOK SALMON; LAKE-MICHIGAN
AB As in marine regions throughout other areas of the world, fishes in the Salish Sea serve as hosts for many pathogens, including nematodes, trematodes, protozoans, protists, bacteria, viruses, and crustaceans. Here, we review some of the better-documented infectious diseases that likely contribute to significant losses among free-ranging fishes in the Salish Sea and discuss the environmental and ecological factors that may affect the population-level impacts of disease. Demonstration of these diseases and their impacts to critical and endangered resources provides justification to expand pathogen surveillance efforts and to incorporate disease forecasting and mitigation tools into ecosystem restoration efforts.
C1 [Hershberger, Paul] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
[Rhodes, Linda] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
[Kurath, Gael; Winton, James] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Hershberger, P (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, 616 Marrowstone Point Rd, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
EM phershberger@usgs.gov
OI Rhodes, Linda/0000-0003-4995-9426
NR 52
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 35
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD SEP 17
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 9
BP 402
EP 409
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.826202
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 213GF
UT WOS:000324042600008
ER
PT J
AU Moratelli, R
Gardner, AL
De Oliveira, JA
Wilson, DE
AF Moratelli, Ricardo
Gardner, Alfred L.
De Oliveira, Joao A.
Wilson, Don E.
TI Review of Myotis (Chiroptera, Vespertilionida from northern South
America, including description of a new species
SO AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES
LA English
DT Review
ID ALBESCENS CHIROPTERA VESPERTILIONIDAE; MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION; GENUS
MYOTIS; SIMUS THOMAS; BATS; POPULATIONS; NIGRICANS; VENEZUELA; IDENTITY;
HISTORY
AB We describe a new species of bat in the genus Myotis (Vespertilionidae, Myotinae) from the coastal mountains of Venezuela. The new species (Myotis handleyi, sp. nov.) can be distinguished from other South American congeners by the following set of traits: dorsal fur long, silky, and bicolored with burnished tips; skull long; rostrum long and broad; frontals moderately to steeply sloping; sagittal crest absent or very low; plagiopatagium broadly attached to the foot at the level of the base of the toes; fringe of hairs along the trailing edge duropatagium absent; and fur on uropatagium not reaching knees. We review Colombian and Venezuelan samples of Myotis, covering all of the currently recognized species known from these countries. Based on our analyses, we provide a sketch of the taxonomic diversity of the genus in Colombia and Venezuela, along with a key to their identification. Among other conclusions, we elevate M. nigricans caucensis to the species level; confirm that populations of M. nigricans from the opposite sides of the Andes represent the same taxon; retain J.A. Allen's names M. esmeraldae, M. bondae, and M. maripensis in the synonymy of M. nigricans; and document dinal variation in size along an altitudinal gradient for M. nigricans, with larger specimens from higher elevations. This research, based on museum and field collections, is one of a series of studies by the senior author re-evaluating species limits among Neotropical Myotis.
C1 [Moratelli, Ricardo] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Moratelli, Ricardo; Wilson, Don E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Gardner, Alfred L.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Biol Survey Unit, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[De Oliveira, Joao A.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Vertebrados, Museu Nacl, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
RP Moratelli, R (reprint author), Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Campus Fiocruz Mata Atlantica, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
RI Rocha, Ricardo/A-5735-2013;
OI Rocha, Ricardo/0000-0003-0942-6633; Oliveira, Joao/0000-0002-5235-1449
NR 60
TC 1
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY
PI NEW YORK
PA ATTN: LIBRARY-SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS DISTRIBUTION, CENTRAL PK WEST AT
79TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10024-5192 USA
SN 0003-0082
EI 1937-352X
J9 AM MUS NOVIT
JI Am. Mus. Novit.
PD SEP 16
PY 2013
IS 3780
BP 1
EP 36
PG 36
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology
GA 220FN
UT WOS:000324568100001
ER
PT J
AU White, AM
Zipkin, EF
Manley, PN
Schlesinger, MD
AF White, Angela M.
Zipkin, Elise F.
Manley, Patricia N.
Schlesinger, Matthew D.
TI Simulating avian species and foraging group responses to fuel reduction
treatments in coniferous forests
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Biodiversity; Forest management; Functional group; Hierarchical
modeling; Imperfect detection; Occurrence modeling
ID LAKE TAHOE BASIN; BIRD COMMUNITIES; SIERRA-NEVADA; UNITED-STATES;
TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; RESTORATION TREATMENTS; ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS;
HABITAT HETEROGENEITY; VEGETATION STRUCTURE; BIODIVERSITY LOSS
AB Over a century of fire suppression activities have altered the structure and composition of mixed conifer forests throughout the western United States. In the absence of fire, fuels have accumulated in these forests causing concerns over the potential for catastrophic wildfires. Fuel reduction treatments are being used on federal and state lands to reduce the threat of wildfire by mechanically removing biomass. Although these treatments result in a reduction in fire hazard, their impact on wildlife is less clear. We use a multi-species occupancy modeling approach to build habitat-suitability models for 46 upland forest birds found in the Lake Tahoe Basin in the Sierra Nevada based on forest structure and abiotic variables. Using a Bayesian hierarchical framework, we predict species-specific and community-level responses to changes in forest structure and make inferences about responses of important avian foraging guilds. Disparities within and among foraging group responses to canopy cover, tree size and shrub cover emphasized the complexities in managing forests to meet biodiversity goals. Based on our species-specific model results, we predicted changes in species richness and community similarity under forest prescriptions representing three management practices: no active management, a typical fuel reduction treatment that emphasizes spacing between trees, and a thinning prescription that creates structural heterogeneity. Simulated changes to structural components of the forest analogous to management practices to reduce fuel loads clearly affected foraging groups differentially despite variability in responses within guilds. Although species richness was predicted to decrease slightly under both simulated fuels reduction treatments, the prescription that incorporated structural heterogeneity retained marginally higher species richness. The composition of communities supported by different management alternatives was influenced by urbanization and management practice, emphasizing the importance of creating heterogeneity at the landscape scale. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [White, Angela M.; Schlesinger, Matthew D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Conservat Biodivers Grp, Davis, CA 95618 USA.
[Zipkin, Elise F.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Zipkin, Elise F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Manley, Patricia N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Conservat Biodivers Grp, Placerville, CA 95677 USA.
[Schlesinger, Matthew D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Schlesinger, Matthew D.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Schlesinger, Matthew D.] New York Nat Heritage Program, Albany, NY 12233 USA.
RP White, AM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Conservat Biodivers Grp, 1731 Res Pk Dr, Davis, CA 95618 USA.
EM angelawhite@fs.fed.us; ezipkin@usgs.gov; pmanley@fs.fed.us;
schlesinger@nynhp.org
RI White, Angela/N-7088-2013
OI White, Angela/0000-0001-7499-7390
FU US Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit; US Forest Service
Pacific Southwest Research Station; Sierra Nevada Public Lands
Management Act
FX Many individuals contributed to the collection of field data over the
course of the study. Special thanks to Marcel Holyoak and Dennis Murphy,
who contributed to the overall design and implementation of the study.
Funding was provided by US Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management
Unit, US Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station, and the
Sierra Nevada Public Lands Management Act. Thanks to all the agencies
and land owners in the Lake Tahoe basin that allowed us access to sample
sites. This manuscript was improved by comments from Gina Tarbill,
William Fields and Kathryn Purcell. Two anonymous reviewers provided
insightful comments that improved the quality of this work and its
delivery. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 78
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD SEP 15
PY 2013
VL 304
BP 261
EP 274
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.04.039
PG 14
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 217HQ
UT WOS:000324351000027
ER
PT J
AU Otto, CRV
Kroll, AJ
McKenny, HC
AF Otto, Clint R. V.
Kroll, Andrew J.
McKenny, Heather C.
TI Amphibian response to downed wood retention in managed forests: A
prospectus for future biomass harvest in North America
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Review
DE Biofuel; Coarse woody debris; Frog; Salamander; Silviculture; Timber
harvest
ID RED-BACKED SALAMANDERS; SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN SALAMANDERS;
CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DESIGN; OREGON COAST RANGE; PLETHODON-CINEREUS;
TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDER; TIMBER HARVEST; SILVICULTURAL PRACTICES;
DETECTION PROBABILITIES; BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
AB Harvest of forest biomass, specifically downed woody material (DWM), will increase to meet rising demand for alternative energy sources. Biomass harvest may reduce habitat quality, abundance, and regional diversity of forest-dependent species such as amphibians. We synthesize available literature conducted in landscapes managed for timber production to (1) assess the current state of knowledge regarding DWM management and amphibian population dynamics and (2) identify pertinent research gaps for future biomass studies. In general, the 25 studies we reviewed reported that amphibian counts were positively correlated with DWM levels. Although studies involving terrestrial salamanders often stressed the importance of retaining DWM in harvested systems, empirical support for this conclusion is uncertain due to study- and species-specific variation in responses. Lack of a DWM effect was often attributed to downed wood that was not well decayed or was too small for amphibian use. We identified several critical research needs, including: (1) understanding temporal dynamics of DWM (e.g., recruitment and decay rates) in regenerating forests and its influence on amphibian populations, (2) determining how amphibian use of harvest units relates to configuration and characteristics of DWM, (3) understanding how DWM management influences amphibian demographic rates, and (4) development of sampling and analytical techniques that support separation of sampling error and ecological effects. We suggest that future studies estimate effects of biomass harvest and identify, test, and refine operational harvest strategies that minimize impacts to amphibian populations. We emphasize research should be conducted at scales relevant to management; specifically, stand and landscape scales. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Otto, Clint R. V.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48854 USA.
[Kroll, Andrew J.] Weyerhaeuser NR, Federal Way, WA 98063 USA.
[McKenny, Heather C.] Univ Vermont, Aiken Ctr, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
RP Otto, CRV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St Southeast, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM clint.otto@gmail.com; aj.kroll@weyerhaeuser.com; hmckenny@gmavt.net
FU USDA CSREES National Research Initiative; Northeastern States Research
Cooperative; Vermont Monitoring Cooperative; USDA McIntire-Stennis
Forest Research Program
FX We thank Bob Bilby, Jessica Homyack, David Mushet, Tracy Rittenhouse,
and two anonymous reviewers for improving the strength of this review.
In this article, Vermont data were used with permission from McKenny et
al. (2006) as part of the Vermont Forest Ecosystem Management
Demonstration Project (Keeton, 2006). Original funding for the Vermont
data was provided by the USDA CSREES National Research Initiative, the
Northeastern States Research Cooperative, the Vermont Monitoring
Cooperative, and the USDA McIntire-Stennis Forest Research Program.
NR 142
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 6
U2 58
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD SEP 15
PY 2013
VL 304
BP 275
EP 285
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.04.023
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 217HQ
UT WOS:000324351000028
ER
PT J
AU Alt, JC
Schwarzenbach, EM
Frueh-Green, GL
Shanks, WC
Bernasconi, SM
Garrido, CJ
Crispini, L
Gaggero, L
Padron-Navarta, JA
Marchesi, C
AF Alt, Jeffrey C.
Schwarzenbach, Esther M.
Frueh-Green, Gretchen L.
Shanks, Wayne C., III
Bernasconi, Stefano M.
Garrido, Carlos J.
Crispini, Laura
Gaggero, Laura
Padron-Navarta, Jose A.
Marchesi, Claudio
TI The role of serpentinites in cycling of carbon and sulfur: Seafloor
serpentinization and subduction metamorphism
SO LITHOS
LA English
DT Review
DE Serpentinite; Carbon; Sulfur; Geochemical cycling; Subduction; Stable
isotopes
ID MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE; CITY HYDROTHERMAL FIELD; SLOW-SPREADING RIDGES;
CERRO DEL ALMIREZ; EAST PACIFIC RISE; MASSIF MAR 30-DEGREES-N; OCEANIC
CORE COMPLEXES; FLUID-MOBILE ELEMENTS; LOST-CITY; ULTRAMAFIC ROCKS
AB We summarize the uptake of carbon and sulfur during serpentinization of seafloor peridotites, and discuss the fate of these volatiles during subduction of serpentinite. We use a simplified classification to divide seafloor serpentinization into high-temperature and low-temperature processes. High-temperature serpentinization typically involves heat and mass transfer from gabbro intrusions, leading to addition of hydrothermal sulfide sulfur (up to >1 wt%) having high delta S-34 values (+5 to +10 parts per thousand). Total carbon contents of bulk rocks are elevated (0.008-0.603 wt.%) compared to mantle values and delta C-13(Total) c values of -3 parts per thousand to -17.5 parts per thousand result from mixtures of organic carbon and seawater-derived carbonate. Low-temperature serpentinization is generally characterized by microbial reduction of seawater sulfate, which leads to addition of sulfide sulfur (up to 1.4 wt.%) having negative delta S-34 values (down to -45 parts per thousand), although local closed-system conditions can lead to reservoir effects and positive delta S-34 values (up to +27 parts per thousand). Extensive circulation of cold seawater can cause oxidation, loss of sulfide, and addition of seawater sulfate resulting in high delta S-34(Total-S) values. High total carbon contents (0.006-72 wt%) and delta C-13 values of -26 to +2.2 parts per thousand result from addition of variable proportions of organic carbon and seawater-derived carbonate to serpentinite. We estimate that serpentinization at mid ocean ridges is a sink for 035-0.64x10(11) mol C y(-1) and 0.13-1.46x10(11) mol S y(-1), comparable to the sinks of these elements per unit volume of mafic oceanic crust. Serpentinization in the subducting plate at subduction zones may further affect chemical budgets for serpentinization.
During subduction metamorphism, sulfur and carbon contents remain unaffected by recrystallization of seafloor lizardite and chrysotile to antigorite, and formation of minor olivine. Dehydration of antigorite-serpentinites to chlorite-harzburgites at higher pressure and temperature results in loss of 5 wt.% water, and an average of 260 ppm sulfur is lost as sulfate having delta S-34=14.5 parts per thousand, whereas carbon is unaffected. These volatiles can induce melting and contribute to S-34 enrichments and oxidation of the sub-arc mantle wedge. Serpentinized oceanic peridotites carry isotopically fractionated water, carbon and sulfur into subduction zones. Up to 0.49x10(11) mol sulfur y(-1) and 1.7x10(11) mol carbon y(-1) are subducted in serpentinites, less than 3% of the total subduction budgets for each of these elements. Isotopically fractionated carbon, sulfur, and water remain in serpentinite dehydration products, however, and can be recycled deeper into the mantle where they may be significant for volatile budgets of the deep Earth. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Alt, Jeffrey C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Schwarzenbach, Esther M.; Frueh-Green, Gretchen L.; Bernasconi, Stefano M.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Earth Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Shanks, Wayne C., III] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Garrido, Carlos J.; Marchesi, Claudio] CSIC & UGR, IACT, Granada 18100, Spain.
[Crispini, Laura; Gaggero, Laura] Univ Genoa, DISTAV, I-16132 Genoa, Italy.
[Padron-Navarta, Jose A.] Univ Montpellier 2, Geosci Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
[Padron-Navarta, Jose A.] CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
RP Alt, JC (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM jalt@umich.edu
RI Garrido, Carlos J./A-6249-2008; Padron-Navarta, Jose
Alberto/D-5400-2009; Bernasconi, Stefano/E-5394-2010; Marchesi,
Claudio/A-6592-2011;
OI Garrido, Carlos J./0000-0003-4357-3637; Padron-Navarta, Jose
Alberto/0000-0001-8202-0037; Bernasconi, Stefano/0000-0001-7672-8856;
Marchesi, Claudio/0000-0001-7313-5692; Crispini,
Laura/0000-0001-5770-8569
FU US National Science Foundation [OCE 9416007, OCE 0424558, EAR 0809000];
Swiss National Science Foundation; Spanish "Ministerio de Economia y
Competitividad" [CGL2009-12518/BTE, CGL2010-14848/BTE]; Junta de
Andalucia [RNM-145, RNM-131, 2009RNM-4495]; International Lithosphere
Program [CC4-MEDYNA]; EU [PERG08-GA-2010-276867, PIOF-GA-2010-273017]
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers and the editors of this volume for
helpful comments that improved the manuscript. JA's work on
serpentinites was supported by the US National Science Foundation (OCE
9416007, OCE 0424558, and EAR 0809000). The Swiss National Science
Foundation is acknowledged for many years of support to GFG and SMB.
CG's work was funded by the Spanish "Ministerio de Economia y
Competitividad" (grants CGL2009-12518/BTE and CGL2010-14848/BTE), "Junta
de Andalucia" (research groups RNM-145, RNM-131 and grant 2009RNM-4495)
and International Lithosphere Program (CC4-MEDYNA). CM's and JAPN's
research has been supported by EU-FP7-funded Marie Curie postdoctoral
grants under contract agreements PERG08-GA-2010-276867 and
PIOF-GA-2010-273017.
NR 150
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 6
U2 118
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0024-4937
J9 LITHOS
JI Lithos
PD SEP 15
PY 2013
VL 178
BP 40
EP 54
DI 10.1016/j.lithos.2012.12.006
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 222IM
UT WOS:000324724400004
ER
PT J
AU Pigati, JS
McGeehin, JP
Muhs, DR
Bettis, EA
AF Pigati, Jeffrey S.
McGeehin, John P.
Muhs, Daniel R.
Bettis, E. Arthur, III
TI Radiocarbon dating late Quaternary loess deposits using small
terrestrial gastropod shells
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Snails; Eolian; Chronology; Dust; Paleoclimate
ID CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; LATE-PLEISTOCENE; PALEOCLIMATIC SIGNIFICANCE;
SOUTHWESTERN NEBRASKA; DISCHARGE DEPOSITS; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA;
CHINESE LOESS; C-14 DATA; AGE
AB Constraining the ages and mass accumulation rates of late Quaternary loess deposits is often difficult because of the paucity of organic material typically available for C-14 dating and the inherent limitations of luminescence techniques. Radiocarbon dating of small terrestrial gastropod shells may provide an alternative to these methods as fossil shells are common in loess and contain similar to 12% carbon by weight. Terrestrial gastropod assemblages in loess have been used extensively to reconstruct past environmental conditions but have been largely ignored for dating purposes. Here, we present the results of a multifaceted approach to understanding the potential for using small terrestrial gastropod shells to date loess deposits in North America. First, we compare highly resolved C-14 ages of well-preserved wood and gastropod shells (Succineidae) recovered from a Holocene loess section in Alaska. Radiocarbon ages derived from the shells are nearly identical to wood and plant macrofossil ages throughout the section, which suggests that the shells behaved as closed systems with respect to carbon for at least the last 10 ka (thousands of calibrated C-14 years before present). Second, we apply C-14 dating of gastropod shells to late Pleistocene loess deposits in the Great Plains using stratigraphy and independent chronologies for comparison. The new shell ages require less interpretation than humic acid radiocarbon ages that are commonly used in loess studies, provide additional stratigraphic coverage to previous dating efforts, and are in correct stratigraphic order more often than their luminescence counterparts. Third, we show that Succineidae shells recovered from historic loess in the Matanuska River Valley, Alaska captured the 20th century C-14 bomb spike, which suggests that the shells can be used to date late Holocene and historic-aged loess. Finally, results from Nebraska and western Iowa suggest that, similar to other materials, shell ages approaching similar to 40 ka should be viewed with caution as they may reflect trace amounts of contamination. In sum, our results show that small terrestrial gastropod shells, especially from the Succineidae family, provide reliable ages for late Quaternary loess deposits in North America. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Pigati, Jeffrey S.; Muhs, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[McGeehin, John P.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Bettis, E. Arthur, III] Univ Iowa, Dept Geosci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Pigati, JS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 980, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jpigati@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change Research and
Development Program
FX We thank Zachary Muhs Rowland and Jossh Beann for field support in
Alaska. We also thank Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and the Chitina
Native Corporation for access. This manuscript benefited from
constructive reviews from Buddy Schweig, Marith Reheis, and two
anonymous reviewers. This project was funded by the U.S. Geological
Survey's Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program.
NR 53
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 35
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD SEP 15
PY 2013
VL 76
BP 114
EP 128
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.05.013
PG 15
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 218RD
UT WOS:000324449200010
ER
PT J
AU Parsons, DR
Jackson, PR
Czuba, JA
Engel, FL
Rhoads, BL
Oberg, KA
Best, JL
Mueller, DS
Johnson, KK
Riley, JD
AF Parsons, D. R.
Jackson, P. R.
Czuba, J. A.
Engel, F. L.
Rhoads, B. L.
Oberg, K. A.
Best, J. L.
Mueller, D. S.
Johnson, K. K.
Riley, J. D.
TI Velocity Mapping Toolbox (VMT): a processing and visualization suite for
moving-vessel ADCP measurements
SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
LA English
DT Article
DE flow; velocity; acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
ID DOPPLER CURRENT PROFILER; RIVER FLOW CHARACTERISTICS; SECONDARY
CIRCULATION; PRACTICAL ASPECTS; CHICAGO RIVER; FIXED-VESSEL; RIO-PARANA;
CHANNEL; ESTUARY; DUNES
AB The use of acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP) for discharge measurements and three-dimensional flow mapping has increased rapidly in recent years and has been primarily driven by advances in acoustic technology and signal processing. Recent research has developed a variety of methods for processing data obtained from a range of ADCP deployments and this paper builds on this progress by describing new software for processing and visualizing ADCP data collected along transects in rivers or other bodies of water. The new utility, the Velocity Mapping Toolbox (VMT), allows rapid processing (vector rotation, projection, averaging and smoothing), visualization (planform and cross-section vector and contouring), and analysis of a range of ADCP-derived datasets. The paper documents the data processing routines in the toolbox and presents a set of diverse examples that demonstrate its capabilities. The toolbox is applicable to the analysis of ADCP data collected in a wide range of aquatic environments and is made available as open-source code along with this publication. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Parsons, D. R.] Univ Hull, Fac Sci, Dept Geog Environm & Earth Sci, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England.
[Jackson, P. R.; Johnson, K. K.] US Geol Survey, Illinois Water Sci Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Czuba, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Washington Water Sci Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
[Engel, F. L.; Rhoads, B. L.; Best, J. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geog & Geog Informat Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Oberg, K. A.] US Geol Survey, Off Surface Water, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Best, J. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Best, J. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Best, J. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Best, J. L.] Univ Illinois, Ven Te Chow Hydrosyst Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Mueller, D. S.] US Geol Survey, Off Surface Water, Louisville, KY 40299 USA.
[Riley, J. D.] Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Geol Geog, Charleston, IL 61920 USA.
RP Parsons, DR (reprint author), Univ Hull, Fac Sci, Dept Geog Environm & Earth Sci, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England.
EM d.parsons@hull.ac.uk
RI Parsons, Daniel/G-9101-2011; Best, Jim/P-8440-2015;
OI Parsons, Daniel/0000-0002-5142-4466; Best, Jim/0000-0001-5314-6140;
Jackson, P. Ryan/0000-0002-3154-6108
FU UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) [NER/A/S/2001/00445,
NER/B/S/2003/00243]; World Universities Network; NERC [NE/C002636]; USGS
Office of Surface Water; National Science Foundation (NSF) [BCS 04533 6,
BCS 06229 6, BCS 003622]
FX DP and JB would like to thank the UK Natural Environment Research
Council (NERC) for award of grants NER/A/S/2001/00445 and
NER/B/S/2003/00243 that enabled the initial development of this code,
and the World Universities Network for funding a research visit for DP
to Illinois where the majority of the analysis was performed. DP also
thanks NERC for his Fellowship funding (NE/C002636) that enabled further
development of this research. The authors kindly acknowledge support of
the USGS Office of Surface Water for funding the primary development of
VMT and the many contributors to code who helped expand and improve the
capabilities of this toolbox including those that shared their work via
the Matlab Central File Exchange. Work on VMT by Bruce Rhoads, Frank
Engel and Jim Riley was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF)
grants BCS 04533 6, BCS 06229 6, and BCS 003622.
NR 58
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0197-9337
J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND
JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf.
PD SEP 15
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 11
BP 1244
EP 1260
DI 10.1002/esp.3367
PG 17
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 209DE
UT WOS:000323733600005
ER
PT J
AU Robbins, LL
Wynn, JG
Lisle, JT
Yates, KK
Knorr, PO
Byrne, RH
Liu, XW
Patsavas, MC
Azetsu-Scott, K
Takahashi, T
AF Robbins, Lisa L.
Wynn, Jonathan G.
Lisle, John T.
Yates, Kimberly K.
Knorr, Paul O.
Byrne, Robert H.
Liu, Xuewu
Patsavas, Mark C.
Azetsu-Scott, Kumiko
Takahashi, Taro
TI Baseline Monitoring of the Western Arctic Ocean Estimates 20% of
Canadian Basin Surface Waters Are Undersaturated with Respect to
Aragonite
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-CYCLE; INORGANIC CARBON; ACIDIFICATION; IMPACT; SEAWATER; CO2;
CLIMATE; PH; SATURATION; DIOXIDE
AB Marine surface waters are being acidified due to uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide, resulting in surface ocean areas of undersaturation with respect to carbonate minerals, including aragonite. In the Arctic Ocean, acidification is expected to occur at an accelerated rate with respect to the global oceans, but a paucity of baseline data has limited our understanding of the extent of Arctic undersaturation and of regional variations in rates and causes. The lack of data has also hindered refinement of models aimed at projecting future trends of ocean acidification. Here, based on more than 34,000 data records collected in 2010 and 2011, we establish a baseline of inorganic carbon data (pH, total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and aragonite saturation index) for the western Arctic Ocean. This data set documents aragonite undersaturation in similar to 20% of the surface waters of the combined Canada and Makarov basins, an area characterized by recent acceleration of sea ice loss. Conservative tracer studies using stable oxygen isotopic data from 307 sites show that while the entire surface of this area receives abundant freshwater from meteoric sources, freshwater from sea ice melt is most closely linked to the areas of carbonate mineral undersaturation. These data link the Arctic Ocean's largest area of aragonite undersaturation to sea ice melt and atmospheric CO2 absorption in areas of low buffering capacity. Some relatively supersaturated areas can be linked to localized biological activity. Collectively, these observations can be used to project trends of ocean acidification in higher latitude marine surface waters where inorganic carbon chemistry is largely influenced by sea ice meltwater.
C1 [Robbins, Lisa L.; Lisle, John T.; Yates, Kimberly K.; Knorr, Paul O.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Wynn, Jonathan G.] Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Byrne, Robert H.; Liu, Xuewu; Patsavas, Mark C.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Azetsu-Scott, Kumiko] Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, Ocean Sci Div, Dartmouth, NS, Canada.
[Takahashi, Taro] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
RP Robbins, LL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM lrobbins@usgs.gov
RI Wynn, Jonathan/C-1646-2010
FU U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Program; U.S. Geological
Survey's Office of the Regional Executive-Alaska; NOAA [NA10NOS4000073];
NSF [ARC-1220032]; LLR, NOAA Ocean Acidification Program
FX The study was funded by U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine
Program and U.S. Geological Survey's Office of the Regional
Executive-Alaska to LLR. Ship time for the ECS cruises was funded by
NOAA grant NA10NOS4000073. Additional support came from NSF grant
ARC-1220032 to JGW and LLR, NOAA Ocean Acidification Program to RHB and
the Office of Climate Observation of NOAA to TT. The funders had no role
in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 71
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 25
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 11
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 9
AR UNSP e73796
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073796
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 248VW
UT WOS:000326734500052
PM 24040074
ER
PT J
AU Haeseker, S
AF Haeseker, Steven
TI Nonrepresentative fish and ocean migration assumptions confound
inferences in Rechisky et al.
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Letter
ID CHINOOK SALMON; SURVIVAL RATES; STEELHEAD
C1 US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Haeseker, S (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM steve_haeseker@fws.gov
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD SEP 10
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 37
BP E3464
EP E3464
DI 10.1073/pnas.1309087110
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 214IF
UT WOS:000324125100001
PM 23924615
ER
PT J
AU Homer, CG
Meyer, DK
Aldridge, CL
Schell, SJ
AF Homer, Collin G.
Meyer, Debra K.
Aldridge, Cameron L.
Schell, Spencer J.
TI Detecting annual and seasonal changes in a sagebrush ecosystem with
remote sensing-derived continuous fields
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE sagebrush; monitoring; multiscale remote sensing; climate change;
QuickBird; regression tree; continuous field
ID GROUSE CENTROCERCUS-UROPHASIANUS; SAGE-GROUSE; SPATIOTEMPORAL CHANGES;
RANGELAND MANAGEMENT; VEGETATION INDEXES; SPECTRAL INDEXES; LANDSAT
IMAGERY; COVER; STEPPE; COMMUNITIES
AB Climate change may represent the greatest future risk to the sagebrush ecosystem. Improved ways to quantify and monitor gradual change resulting from climate influences in this ecosystem are vital to its future management. For this research, the change over time of five continuous field cover components including bare ground, herbaceous, litter, sagebrush, and shrub were measured on the ground and by satellite across six seasons and four years. Ground-measured litter and herbaceous cover exhibited the highest variation annually and herbaceous cover the highest variation seasonally. Correlation of ground measurements to corresponding remote-sensing predictions indicated that annual predictions tracked ground measurements more closely than seasonal ones, and QuickBird predictions tracked ground measurements more closely than Landsat predictions. When annual linear slope values from ground plots and sensor predictions were correlated by component, the direction of ground-measured change was tracked better with QuickBird components than with Landsat components. Component predictions were correlated to annual and seasonal DAYMET precipitation. QuickBird components on average had the best response to precipitation patterns, followed by Landsat components. Overall, these results demonstrate the ability of sagebrush ecosystem components as predicted by regression trees to incrementally measure changing components of a sagebrush ecosystem. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
C1 [Homer, Collin G.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Meyer, Debra K.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
[Aldridge, Cameron L.] Colorado State Univ Cooperat US Geol Survey Nat R, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Schell, Spencer J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Homer, CG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM homer@usgs.gov
RI Aldridge, Cameron /F-4025-2011
FU United States Geological Survey; United States Bureau of Land Management
(BLM); USGS [G10PC00044]
FX We thank the United States Geological Survey and the United States
Bureau of Land Management (BLM) who supported this project financially.
We also thank George Xian for his helpful review and suggestions for
this manuscript. DKM's work for this paper was performed under USGS
contract G10PC00044. The use of any trade, product or firm name is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government.
NR 63
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 34
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1931-3195
J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS
JI J. Appl. Remote Sens.
PD SEP 9
PY 2013
VL 7
AR 073508
DI 10.1117/1.JRS.7.073508
PG 24
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 213XE
UT WOS:000324093100001
ER
PT J
AU Glassmeyer, ST
Furlong, E
Kolpin, D
Batt, A
Benson, B
Boone, S
Conerly, O
Donohue, M
Kostich, M
Mash, H
Pfaller, S
Schenck, K
Simmons, JE
Varughese, E
Vesper, S
Villegas, E
Wilson, V
AF Glassmeyer, Susan T.
Furlong, Edward
Kolpin, Dana
Batt, Angela
Benson, Bob
Boone, Scott
Conerly, Octavia
Donohue, Maura
Kostich, Mitch
Mash, Heath
Pfaller, Stacy
Schenck, Kathleen
Simmons, Jane Ellen
Varughese, Eunice
Vesper, Stephen
Villegas, Eric
Wilson, Vickie
TI Chemical and microbial contaminants of emerging concern in source and
treated drinking water
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Glassmeyer, Susan T.; Batt, Angela; Donohue, Maura; Kostich, Mitch; Mash, Heath; Pfaller, Stacy; Schenck, Kathleen; Varughese, Eunice; Vesper, Stephen; Villegas, Eric] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Furlong, Edward] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Kolpin, Dana] US Geol Survey, Iowa City, IA 52244 USA.
[Benson, Bob] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
[Boone, Scott] US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Conerly, Octavia] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
[Simmons, Jane Ellen; Wilson, Vickie] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM glassmeyer.susan@epa.gov
RI Glassmeyer, Susan/E-5004-2017
OI Glassmeyer, Susan/0000-0002-0538-5793
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 12-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618403490
ER
PT J
AU Hapeman, CJ
McConnell, LL
McCarty, GW
Rice, CP
Hively, WD
Lang, MW
Whitall, DR
Sadeghi, AM
Torrents, A
Goel, A
AF Hapeman, Cathleen J.
McConnell, Laura L.
McCarty, Gregory W.
Rice, Clifford P.
Hively, W. Dean
Lang, Megan W.
Whitall, David R.
Sadeghi, Ali M.
Torrents, Alba
Goel, Anubha
TI Determining contaminate sources to the Chesapeake Bay to discern the
effectiveness of conservation practices
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Hapeman, Cathleen J.; McConnell, Laura L.; McCarty, Gregory W.; Rice, Clifford P.; Sadeghi, Ali M.] ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Hively, W. Dean] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Res Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Lang, Megan W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Whitall, David R.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Torrents, Alba] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Goel, Anubha] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
EM cathleen.hapeman@ars.usda.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 147-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618403616
ER
PT J
AU Hladik, ML
Calhoun, DL
Smalling, KL
Kuivila, KM
Kolpin, DW
AF Hladik, Michelle L.
Calhoun, Daniel L.
Smalling, Kelly L.
Kuivila, Kathryn M.
Kolpin, Dana W.
TI Occurrence of neonicotinoid insecticides in water in two US regions
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Hladik, Michelle L.; Smalling, Kelly L.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Calhoun, Daniel L.] US Geol Survey, Norcross, GA 30093 USA.
[Kuivila, Kathryn M.] US Geol Survey, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Kolpin, Dana W.] US Geol Survey, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA.
EM mhladik@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 76-AGRO
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618400351
ER
PT J
AU Majewski, MS
Seiber, JN
AF Majewski, Michael S.
Seiber, James N.
TI Considerations for estimating pesticide volatilization fluxes from
various crops
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Majewski, Michael S.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Seiber, James N.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM majewski@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 298-AGRO
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618400509
ER
PT J
AU Mao, JD
Cao, XY
Birdwell, J
AF Mao, Jingdong
Cao, Xiaoyan
Birdwell, Justin
TI Systematic advanced NMR techniques for characterizing oil shale, its
isolates, and residues after retorting
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Mao, Jingdong; Cao, Xiaoyan] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Birdwell, Justin] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jmao@odu.edu
RI Cao, Xiaoyan/E-3492-2012
OI Cao, Xiaoyan/0000-0001-7571-6482
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 109-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618403081
ER
EF