FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU O'Donnell, AP
Kurama, YC
Kalkan, E
Taflanidis, AA
Beltsar, OA
AF O'Donnell, A. P.
Kurama, Y. C.
Kalkan, E.
Taflanidis, A. A.
Beltsar, O. A.
TI Ground motion scaling methods for linear-elastic structures: an
integrated experimental and analytical investigation
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE dynamic response history analysis; ground motion selection and scaling;
linear-elastic structures; seismic design
ID INTENSITY MEASURES; DESIGN SPECTRA; TABLE TESTS; NEAR-SOURCE; BUILDINGS
AB The task of selecting and scaling an appropriate set of ground motion records is one of the most important challenges facing practitioners in conducting dynamic response history analyses for seismic design and risk assessment. This paper describes an integrated experimental and analytical evaluation of selected ground motion scaling methods for linear-elastic building frame structures. The experimental study is based on the shake table testing of small-scale frame models with four different fundamental periods under ground motion sets that have been scaled using different methods. The test results are then analytically extended to a wider range of structural properties to assess the effectiveness of the scaling methods in reducing the dispersion and increasing the accuracy in the seismic displacement demands of linear-elastic structures, also considering biased selection of ground motion subsets. For scaling methods that are based on a design estimate of the fundamental period of the structure, effects of possible errors in the estimated period are investigated. The results show that a significant reduction in the effectiveness of these scaling methods can occur if the fundamental period is not estimated with reasonable certainty. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [O'Donnell, A. P.; Kurama, Y. C.; Taflanidis, A. A.; Beltsar, O. A.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Kalkan, E.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Kurama, YC (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM ykurama@nd.edu
RI Kurama, Yahya/C-6392-2012;
OI Kurama, Yahya/0000-0003-4556-9332; Taflanidis,
Alexandros/0000-0002-9784-7480
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI 0928662]
FX This research is funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under
Grant No. CMMI 0928662. The support of Dr. M. P. Singh, former NSF
Program Director, and Dr. K. I. Mehta, current NSF Program Director, is
gratefully acknowledged. The authors would also like to acknowledge the
following individuals: Paulo Bazzurro, University Institute for Superior
Studies (IUSS); Brendon Bradley, University of Canterbury; Sigmund
Freeman, Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc.; Bob St. Henry, NEFF
Engineering; Vladimir Graizer, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission;
Farzad Naeim, John A. Martin and Associates, Inc.; Thomas Sabol,
Englekirk & Sabol Consulting Structural Engineers, Inc.; and Nilesh
Shome, Risk Management Solutions. The opinions, findings, and
conclusions presented in the paper are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of these organizations and individuals.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0098-8847
J9 EARTHQ ENG STRUCT D
JI Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 42
IS 9
BP 1281
EP 1300
DI 10.1002/eqe.2272
PG 20
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA 160QO
UT WOS:000320134500002
ER
PT J
AU Galasso, C
Zhong, P
Zareian, F
Iervolino, I
Graves, RW
AF Galasso, Carmine
Zhong, Peng
Zareian, Farzin
Iervolino, Iunio
Graves, Robert W.
TI Validation of ground-motion simulations for historical events using MDoF
systems
SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE hybrid broadband simulation; time-history analysis; generalized
interstory drift spectra
ID FLOOR ACCELERATION DEMANDS; MULTISTORY BUILDINGS; EARTHQUAKES; VARIANCE;
HIGHRISE
AB The study presented in this paper addresses the issue of engineering validation of Graves and Pitarka's (2010) hybrid broadband ground motion simulation methodology with respect to some well-recorded historical events and considering the response of multiple degrees of freedom (MDoF) systems. Herein, validation encompasses detailed assessment of how similar is, for a given event, the seismic response due to comparable hybrid broadband simulated records and real records. In the first part of this study, in order to investigate the dynamic response of a wide range of buildings, MDoF structures are modeled as elastic continuum systems consisting of a combination of a flexural cantilever beam coupled with a shear cantilever beam. A number of such continuum systems are selected including the following: (1) 16 oscillation periods between 0.1 and 6s; (2) three shear to flexural deformation ratios to represent respectively shear-wall structures, dual systems, and moment-resisting frames; and (3) two stiffness distributions along the height of the systems, that is, uniform and linear. Demand spectra in terms of generalized maximum interstory drift ratio (IDR) and peak floor acceleration (PFA) are derived using simulations and actual recordings for four historical earthquakes, namely, the 1979 Mw 6.5 Imperial Valley earthquake, 1989 Mw 6.8 Loma Prieta earthquake, 1992 Mw 7.2 Landers earthquake, and 1994 Mw 6.7 Northridge earthquake. In the second part, for two nonlinear case study structures, the IDR and PFA distributions over the height and their statistics, are obtained and compared for both recorded and simulated time histories. These structures are steel moment frames designed for high seismic hazard, 20-story high-rise and 6-story low-rise buildings. The results from this study highlight the similarities and differences between simulated and real records in terms of median and intra-event standard deviation of logs of seismic demands for MDoF building systems. This general agreement, in a broad range of moderate and long periods, may provide confidence in the use of the simulation methodology for engineering applications, whereas the discrepancies, statistically significant only at short periods, may help in addressing improvements in generation of synthetic records. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Galasso, Carmine; Zhong, Peng; Zareian, Farzin] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Galasso, Carmine; Iervolino, Iunio] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Ingn Strutturale, Naples, Italy.
[Graves, Robert W.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Pasadena Field Off, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
RP Zareian, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E-4141 Engn Gateway Bldg, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM zareian@uci.edu
RI Iervolino, Iunio/B-6216-2008
OI Iervolino, Iunio/0000-0002-4076-2718
FU Rete dei Laboratori Universitari di Ingegneria Sismica - ReLUIS; NSF;
USGS
FX This research was supported by Rete dei Laboratori Universitari di
Ingegneria Sismica - ReLUIS for the research program founded by the
Italian Department of Civil Protection - Executive Project 2010-2013,
and the NSF and USGS sponsored Southern California Earthquake Center
(SCEC). Their support is gratefully acknowledged. Any opinions,
findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this paper are
those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
sponsors. Constructive and insightful comments and suggestions by two
anonymous reviewers, Nicolas Luco and Brad Aagaard of USGS and Pierson
Jones were very helpful in revising the paper.
NR 23
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0098-8847
EI 1096-9845
J9 EARTHQ ENG STRUCT D
JI Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 42
IS 9
BP 1395
EP 1412
DI 10.1002/eqe.2278
PG 18
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA 160QO
UT WOS:000320134500008
ER
PT J
AU Steffensen, SM
Thiem, JD
Stamplecoskie, KM
Binder, TR
Hatry, C
Langlois-Anderson, N
Cooke, SJ
AF Steffensen, S. Marina
Thiem, Jason D.
Stamplecoskie, Keith M.
Binder, Thomas R.
Hatry, Charles
Langlois-Anderson, Naomi
Cooke, Steven J.
TI Biological effectiveness of an inexpensive nature-like fishway for
passage of warmwater fish in a small Ontario stream
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE fishway; PIT; fish passage; migration
ID RIVER EMAN; THREATS; CONNECTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; POPULATIONS;
EFFICIENCY; MORTALITY; MIGRATION; BARRIERS; COLUMBIA
AB Few studies have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of nature-like fishways, particularly in low gradient warmwater streams with diverse fish communities. We evaluated a nature-like fishway that was installed to facilitate upstream passage at a low head dam on Indian Creek near Spencerville, Ontario, Canada. A passive integrated transponder (PIT) array was used to quantify attraction and passage efficiency for 391 PIT tagged warmwater fish, represented by seven species. Attraction efficiency for the three most common species, common shiner (Luxilus cornutus), creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus) and white sucker (Catostomus commersonii), was 63.3%, 83.7% and 65.6%, respectively, and passage efficiencies were 5.1%, 38.4% and 25%, respectively. Creek chub were able to locate the fishway in less time than white sucker and common shiner; however, took longer to successfully pass. Manipulation of creek chub release locations was used to separate issues of attraction and passage and revealed that passage efficiency was highest (76.2%) for those released within the fishway and intermediate for those released at the entrance (42.1%). This multispecies fishway improved stream connectivity, but additional work is needed to fine tune its configuration. Similar projects that engage stakeholders in nature-like fishway construction are a promising approach for the thousands of small dams that occur on low gradient streams around the globe, but those studies should incorporate a biological evaluation to ensure that attraction and passage efficiency are optimised.
C1 [Steffensen, S. Marina; Cooke, Steven J.] Carleton Univ, Inst Environm Sci, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Steffensen, S. Marina; Thiem, Jason D.; Stamplecoskie, Keith M.; Binder, Thomas R.; Hatry, Charles; Cooke, Steven J.] Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Binder, Thomas R.] US Geol Survey Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Great Lakes Fishery Commiss, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Langlois-Anderson, Naomi] South Nation Conservat Author, Environm Serv, Finch, ON K0C 1K0, Canada.
RP Thiem, JD (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
EM jdthiem@gmail.com
RI Cooke, Steven/F-4193-2010;
OI Cooke, Steven/0000-0002-5407-0659; Thiem, Jason/0000-0002-5585-8560
FU South Nation Conservation Authority; Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO);
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada;
Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ontario Research Fund; NSERC HydroNet;
Canada Research Chair program
FX This project was funded primarily by the South Nation Conservation
Authority. Additional support was provided by Fisheries and Oceans
Canada (DFO), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
(NSERC) of Canada in the form of a Research Tools and Infrastructure
Grant (for PIT arrays), the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the
Ontario Research Fund and NSERC HydroNet. Cooke is supported by the
Canada Research Chair program. Maria Bugajski, Alex Nagrodski, Sarah
Larocque, Juan Molina, Travis Raison and Kim Tuor assisted with
fieldwork. John and Sally Patrick provided site and power access and
Bill Gardiner and Karen Smokorowski (DFO) kindly lent us equipment. This
project was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Canadian
Council on Animal Care administered by the Carleton University Animal
Care Committee. The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources kindly
provided a scientific collection permit.
NR 34
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 3
BP 374
EP 383
DI 10.1111/eff.12032
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 157CI
UT WOS:000319872900004
ER
PT J
AU Sethi, SA
Benolkin, E
AF Sethi, Suresh A.
Benolkin, Elizabeth
TI Detection efficiency and habitat use to inform inventory and monitoring
efforts: juvenile coho salmon in the Knik River basin, Alaska
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; detection; juvenile salmon; occupancy; fish habitat
ID ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; REPLICATED COUNTS; MIXTURE-MODELS; FISH;
ABUNDANCE; COVER
AB Imperfect detection associated with sampling gear presents challenges for wildlife inventory and monitoring efforts. We examined occupancy dynamics and habitat use of juvenile coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, in shallow lake environments over a summer and early fall season in the Knik River area of south central Alaska using models which control for and estimate sampling gear detection efficiency. In addition, we present statements for the probability that observed absences at a survey site or from a survey area (a collection of sites) are true absences given some amount of sampling effort and analysts' beliefs about site occupancy and sampling gear detection efficiency which can be used to guide inventory and monitoring efforts for juvenile salmon or other wildlife and plant species. Occupancy modelling results demonstrate that minnow traps were effective at sampling juvenile coho in shallow lake environments, with a mean probability of detection across the study period of 0.68 (i.e., probability of detecting the presence of juvenile coho given that they are present at a trap site; SE=0.03). Juvenile coho salmon migrated into shallow water lakes in late summer and early fall, presumably to seek out overwinter habitat. N-mixture modelling examination of habitat use demonstrated that once in shallow lake environments, juvenile coho were widely distributed across a range of microhabitats, with some evidence for preference for shallower depths and warmer water temperatures.
C1 [Sethi, Suresh A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Benolkin, Elizabeth] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage Field Off, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
RP Sethi, SA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM sasethi@gmail.com
FU National Fish Habitat Action Plan
FX This project was conducted in partnership with the Chickaloon Native
Village, with partial funding provided by National Fish Habitat Action
Plan. We thank G. Aull, R. Black, K. Foley, G. Gauthier, J. Giganti, B.
Keil, P. Lloyd, D. McBride, D. McClain, C. Rich, C. Ringlee, C. Smith,
and B. Winnestaffer for field data collection and assistance. M. Bethe
and K. Bouwens (ADF&G) and D. McBride and J. Gerken (USFWS) assisted
with planning and provided valuable study plan input. R. Howard with
Knik River Watershed Group shared invaluable local knowledge of salmon
and trail access within the KRPUA. We thank two anonymous reviewers and
EFF editorial staff whose comments greatly improved an earlier draft of
this manuscript. Finally, we thank the developers and maintainers of
package 'unmarked'. The findings and conclusions in this article are
those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the
U.S. Government.
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U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 3
BP 398
EP 411
DI 10.1111/eff.12034
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 157CI
UT WOS:000319872900006
ER
PT J
AU Walter, WD
Fischer, JW
Anderson, CW
Marks, DR
Deliberto, T
Robbe-Austerman, S
Vercauteren, KC
AF Walter, W. D.
Fischer, J. W.
Anderson, C. W.
Marks, D. R.
Deliberto, T.
Robbe-Austerman, S.
Vercauteren, K. C.
TI Surveillance and movements of Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) in
the bovine tuberculosis region of Michigan
SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bovine tuberculosis (bTB); home range; indirect disease transmission;
Mycobacterium bovis; resource selection analysis; surveillance
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; BADGER MELES-MELES; MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; BRUSHTAIL
POSSUMS; HOME-RANGE; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; POPULATION-DENSITY;
RESOURCE SELECTION; TRUE PREVALENCE; TRANSMISSION
AB Wildlife reservoir hosts of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) include Eurasian badgers (Meles meles) and brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) in the UK and New Zealand, respectively. Similar species warrant further investigation in the northern lower peninsula of Michigan, USA due to the continued presence of bTB on cattle farms. Most research in Michigan, USA has focused on interactions between white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and cattle (Bos taurus) for the transmission of the infectious agent of bTB, Mycobacterium bovis, due to high deer densities and feeding practices. However, limited data are available on medium-sized mammals such as Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana; hereafter referred to as opossum) and their movements and home range in Michigan near cattle farms. We conducted surveillance of medium-sized mammals on previously depopulated cattle farms for presence of M. bovis infections and equipped opossum with Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to assess potential differences in home range between farms inside and outside the bTB core area that has had cattle test positive for M. bovis. On farms inside the bTB core area, prevalence in opossum was comparable [6%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0-11.0] to prevalence in raccoon (Procyon lotor; 4%, 95% CI 1.0-9.0, P=0.439) whereas only a single opossum tested positive for M. bovis on farms outside the bTB core area. The prevalence in opossum occupying farms that had cattle test positive for M. bovis was higher (6.4%) than for opossum occupying farms that never had cattle test positive for M. bovis (0.9%, P=0.01). Mean size of home range for 50% and 95% estimates were similar by sex (P=0.791) both inside or outside the bTB core area (P=0.218). Although surveillance efforts and home range were not assessed on the same farms, opossum use of farms near structures was apparent as was selection for farms over surrounding forested habitats. The use of farms, stored feed, and structures by opossum, their ability to serve as vectors of M. bovis, and their propensity to ingest contaminated sources of M. bovis requires additional research in Michigan, USA.
C1 [Walter, W. D.; Fischer, J. W.; Anderson, C. W.; Deliberto, T.; Vercauteren, K. C.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Marks, D. R.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Dis Program, Okemos, MI USA.
[Robbe-Austerman, S.] Vet Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA USA.
RP Walter, WD (reprint author), Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 403 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM wdwalter@psu.edu
FU United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant and Health
Inspection Service, Wildlife Services and Veterinary Services, National
Wildlife Research Center
FX Funding was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture,
Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services and
Veterinary Services, National Wildlife Research Center. We thank Tony
Aderman, Dane Williams and Rex Schenk for planning and assistance in
surveillance and trapping efforts. We also thank the Michigan Department
of Natural Resources for use of their Wildlife Disease Laboratory for
conducting necropsies.
NR 45
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U2 22
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0950-2688
J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT
JI Epidemiol. Infect.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 7
SI SI
BP 1498
EP 1508
DI 10.1017/S0950268813000629
PG 11
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 159GX
UT WOS:000320035000018
PM 23531427
ER
PT J
AU Brown, LR
Bennett, WA
Wagner, RW
Morgan-King, T
Knowles, N
Feyrer, F
Schoellhamer, DH
Stacey, MT
Dettinger, M
AF Brown, Larry R.
Bennett, William A.
Wagner, R. Wayne
Morgan-King, Tara
Knowles, Noah
Feyrer, Frederick
Schoellhamer, David H.
Stacey, Mark T.
Dettinger, Michael
TI Implications for Future Survival of Delta Smelt from Four Climate Change
Scenarios for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Delta smelt; Hypomesus transpacificus; San Francisco Estuary;
Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta; Climate change; Delta; Estuary
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; FRESH-WATER FLOW; FRANCISCO ESTUARY; CHANGE
IMPACTS; RIVER-BASIN; FISHES; MODEL; DISTRIBUTIONS; MECHANISMS;
RESOURCES
AB Changes in the position of the low salinity zone, a habitat suitability index, turbidity, and water temperature modeled from four 100-year scenarios of climate change were evaluated for possible effects on delta smelt Hypomesus transpacificus, which is endemic to the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. The persistence of delta smelt in much of its current habitat into the next century appears uncertain. By mid-century, the position of the low salinity zone in the fall and the habitat suitability index converged on values only observed during the worst droughts of the baseline period (1969-2000). Projected higher water temperatures would render waters historically inhabited by delta smelt near the confluence of the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers largely uninhabitable. However, the scenarios of climate change are based on assumptions that require caution in the interpretation of the results. Projections like these provide managers with a useful tool for anticipating long-term challenges to managing fish populations and possibly adapting water management to ameliorate those challenges.
C1 [Brown, Larry R.; Morgan-King, Tara; Schoellhamer, David H.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Bennett, William A.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Watershed Sci, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Wagner, R. Wayne; Stacey, Mark T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Knowles, Noah] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Feyrer, Frederick] US Bur Reclamat, Bay Delta Off, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[Dettinger, Michael] Univ Calif San Diego, US Geol Survey, Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Brown, LR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Placer Hall,6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM lrbrown@usgs.gov
OI Wagner, Wayne/0000-0002-3978-2025
FU Computational Assessments of Scenarios of Change for the Delta Ecosystem
(CASCaDE) project; CALFED Science Program; Priority Ecosystems Science
program of the US Geological Survey
FX We thank Michael Meador, Matthew Miller, and several anonymous reviewers
for comments that enhanced the clarity and quality of the paper. Funding
for this work was provided by the Computational Assessments of Scenarios
of Change for the Delta Ecosystem (CASCaDE) project. CASCaDE is
supported by a grant from the CALFED Science Program and the Priority
Ecosystems Science program of the US Geological Survey. This is
contribution number 27 from the CASCaDE project.
NR 84
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U1 4
U2 70
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 4
BP 754
EP 774
DI 10.1007/s12237-013-9585-4
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 157FW
UT WOS:000319882400007
ER
PT J
AU Stamoulis, KA
Friedlander, AM
AF Stamoulis, Kostantinos A.
Friedlander, Alan M.
TI A seascape approach to investigating fish spillover across a marine
protected area boundary in Hawai'i
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fishing; Management; Marine reserve; MPA; Seascape; Spillover
ID CORAL-REEF; HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS; REDUNDANCY ANALYSIS; RESERVE
BOUNDARIES; APO ISLAND; FISHERIES; GRADIENTS; ASSEMBLAGES; ABUNDANCE;
POPULATIONS
AB Marine protected areas (MPAs) can benefit fisheries through export of pelagic eggs and larvae and the net emigration of adults and juveniles (spillover). Spillover was investigated for a marine protected area on the north shore of Oahu, Hawaii utilizing a seascape approach. This study incorporated habitat variables and underwater visual surveys of fishes and benthos measured at two distinct scales (125 m(2) and 1000 m(2)) inside and outside the protected area at varying distance from the boundary. The relationship between fish biomass from fine-scale surveys and key habitat variables was found to account for a large portion of the variability for both resource (targeted) fish species (15%) and non-resource fish (28%). The remaining variation in resource fish biomass was significantly correlated with distance from the MPA boundary showing a decreasing gradient from inside to outside (r(2) = 0.46, p = 0.001), indicating fish spillover at a local scale (<1 km). In contrast, non-resource fish biomass demonstrated no such relationship (p = 0.45). The evidence of spillover based on the fine-scale surveys was corroborated by results from broad-scale surveys, which also showed a significant relationship (r(2) = 0.19, p < 0.01) between resource fish biomass and distance from the MPA boundary. In addition, observed spatial distribution of fishing effort was consistent with predictions that fishers respond to biomass gradients across protected area boundaries. Fish spillover can help mitigate costs associated with the establishment of marine protected areas in terms of lost fishing area and therefore have a positive effect on the attitudes of fishers toward marine reserves and marine protected areas. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Stamoulis, Kostantinos A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Stamoulis, Kostantinos A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Biol, Hawaii Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Friedlander, Alan M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Biol, Hawaii Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Stamoulis, KA (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Biol, Hawaii Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, 2450 Campus Rd,Dean Hall,Room 2, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM kostanti@hawaii.edu
FU Hawai'i Geographic Information Coordinating Committee (HIGICC); Hawai'i
Cooperative Fishery Research Unit
FX This work constitutes the lead authors master's thesis. Committee
members Brian Szuster and Qi Chen both provided support and advice. Ivor
Williams contributed valuable input during preparation of the
manuscript, which was further improved by comments from three anonymous
reviewers. The Nature Conservancy (TNC) of Hawai'i supplied vital field
support thanks to Marine Science Advisor Eric Conklin and members of the
TNC marine team; Kydd Pollock, Russell Amimoto, and Zachary Caldwell.
Subsequent fieldwork would have been very difficult without the use of a
boat belonging to Dewolf Miller. Able field assistance was provided by
(in order of involvement) Leilani Pena, Ily Iglesias, Nyssa Silbiger,
Alec Nordschow, Mary Donovan, Paolo Usseglio, Patrick Curry, Robert
Henderson, Christina Comfort, James Anderson, and Maui Scanlon-Givens.
Special thanks to the good people of Malama Pupukea-Waimea for sharing
their data and for providing education and supporting enforcement in
Pupukea MLCD. This research was funded in part by an award from the
Hawai'i Geographic Information Coordinating Committee (HIGICC) and the
Hawai'i Cooperative Fishery Research Unit provided major logistic and
administrative support.
NR 56
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U1 5
U2 56
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 144
SI SI
BP 2
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.09.016
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 154BW
UT WOS:000319647500002
ER
PT J
AU Roach, JK
Griffith, B
Verbyla, D
AF Roach, Jennifer K.
Griffith, Brad
Verbyla, David
TI Landscape influences on climate-related lake shrinkage at high latitudes
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; drainage; groundwater; National Wildlife Refuge; permafrost;
talik; terrestrialization; thermokarst; waterfowl; wetlands
ID INTERIOR ALASKA; DISCONTINUOUS PERMAFROST; POSTGLACIAL DEVELOPMENT;
THERMOKARST LAKE; YUKON-TERRITORY; LANDSAT TM; RIVER; DEGRADATION;
THRESHOLD; TRENDS
AB Climate-related declines in lake area have been identified across circumpolar regions and have been characterized by substantial spatial heterogeneity. An improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying lake area trends is necessary to predict where change is most likely to occur and to identify implications for high latitude reservoirs of carbon. Here, using a population of ca. 2300 lakes with statistically significant increasing and decreasing lake area trends spanning longitudinal and latitudinal gradients of ca. 1000km in Alaska, we present evidence for a mechanism of lake area decline that involves the loss of surface water to groundwater systems. We show that lakes with significant declines in lake area were more likely to be located: (1) in burned areas; (2) on coarser, well-drained soils; and (3) farther from rivers compared to lakes that were increasing. These results indicate that postfire processes such as permafrost degradation, which also results from a warming climate, may promote lake drainage, particularly in coarse-textured soils and farther from rivers where overland flooding is less likely and downslope flow paths and negative hydraulic gradients between surface water and groundwater systems are more common. Movement of surface water to groundwater systems may lead to a deepening of subsurface flow paths and longer hydraulic residence time which has been linked to increased soil respiration and CO2 release to the atmosphere. By quantifying relationships between statewide coarse resolution maps of landscape characteristics and spatially heterogeneous responses of lakes to environmental change, we provide a means to identify at-risk lakes and landscapes and plan for a changing climate.
C1 [Roach, Jennifer K.; Griffith, Brad] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Griffith, Brad] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Verbyla, David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Forest Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Roach, JK (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM jroach11@alaska.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey Climate Effects
Network; University of Alaska Fairbanks Graduate School
FX We thank Steve Ewest, Matthew Balasz, and Garrett Altmann for assistance
with GIS processing. Funding was provided by contracts with the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Geological Survey Climate Effects
Network, and a University of Alaska Fairbanks Graduate School Thesis
Completion Fellowship. We thank Jay Ver Hoef, A. David McGuire, Eric J.
Taylor, Jeremy Jones, and Jennifer Harden for their assistance and
reviews of earlier drafts. Any use of trade names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 46
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U2 56
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 7
BP 2276
EP 2284
DI 10.1111/gcb.12196
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 158IT
UT WOS:000319963500025
PM 23536378
ER
PT J
AU Boehmer, HJ
Wagner, HH
Jacobi, JD
Gerrish, GC
Mueller-Dombois, D
AF Boehmer, Hans Juergen
Wagner, Helene H.
Jacobi, James D.
Gerrish, Grant C.
Mueller-Dombois, Dieter
TI Rebuilding after collapse: evidence for long-term cohort dynamics in the
native Hawaiian rain forest
SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Canopy dieback; Climate anomalies; Cohort senescence; Cyclic succession;
Forest decline; Metrosideros polymorpha; Mono-dominant rain forest;
Montane rain forest; Permanent plots; Stand demography; Volcanic
disturbance
ID STAND-LEVEL DIEBACK; PHYTOPHTHORA-CINNAMOMI; TREE MORTALITY;
NEW-ZEALAND; ISLAND; REGENERATION; NUTRIENT; DROUGHT; DECLINE
AB Questions Do long-term observations in permanent plots confirm the conceptual model of Metrosideros polymorpha cohort dynamics as postulated in 1987? Do regeneration patterns occur independently of substrate age, i.e. of direct volcanic disturbance impact? Location The windward mountain slopes of the younger Mauna Loa and the older Mauna Kea volcanoes (island of Hawaii, USA). Methods After widespread forest decline (dieback), permanent plots were established in 1976 in 13 dieback and 13 non-dieback patches to monitor the population structure of M.polymorpha at ca. 5-yr intervals. Within each plot of 20x20m, all trees with DBH >2.5cm were individually tagged, measured and tree vigour assessed; regeneration was quantified in 16 systematically placed subplots of 3x5m. Data collected in the subplots included the total number of M.polymorpha seedlings and saplings (five stem height classes). Here we analyse monitoring data from six time steps from 1976 to 2003 using repeated measures ANOVA to test specific predictions derived from the 1987 conceptual model. Results Regeneration was significantly different between dieback and non-dieback plots. In dieback plots, the collapse in the 1970s was followed by a sapling wave' that by 2003 led to new cohort stands of M.polymorpha. In non-dieback stands, seedling emergence did not result in sapling waves over the same period. Instead, a sapling gap' (i.e. very few or no M.polymorpha saplings) prevailed as typical for mature stands. Canopy dieback in 1976, degree of recovery by 2003 and the number of living trees in 2003 were unrelated to substrate age. Conclusions Population development of M.polymorpha supports the cohort dynamics model, which predicts rebuilding of the forest with the same canopy species after dieback. The lack of association with substrate age suggests that the long-term maintenance of cohort structure in M.polymorpha does not depend on volcanic disturbance but may be related to other environmental mechanisms, such as climate anomalies.
C1 [Boehmer, Hans Juergen] Univ Bonn, Interdisciplinary Latin Amer Ctr ILZ, D-53113 Bonn, Germany.
[Boehmer, Hans Juergen] Tech Univ Munich, Chair Strateg Landscape Planning & Management, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Management, D-85350 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany.
[Wagner, Helene H.] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
[Jacobi, James D.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[Gerrish, Grant C.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Mueller-Dombois, Dieter] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Boehmer, HJ (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Interdisciplinary Latin Amer Ctr ILZ, Walter Flex Str 3, D-53113 Bonn, Germany.
EM hj.boehmer@uni-bonn.de; helene.wagner@utoronto.ca; jjacobi@usgs.gov;
grant@hawaii.edu; amdhawaii@aol.com
RI Wagner, Helene/E-6090-2011
OI Wagner, Helene/0000-0001-6261-5922
FU German Research Foundation (DFG) [BO 1768]; National Science Foundation
[DEB-7910993]; U.S. Geological Survey; Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada
FX This research was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) grant
BO 1768 to H. J. B., the National Science Foundation grant DEB-7910993
to D. M.-D., the U.S. Geological Survey's Ecosystems Research Program,
and a Discovery Grant to H. H. W. from the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada. Permission to use the study
sites was given by the Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park, U.S. Park
Service, and the Hawai'i Division of Forestry and Wildlife. We thank
Laurel Duquette for fruitful discussions, Patrick Hart, Jeff Hatfield,
Catherine Reynolds and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on
the manuscript, and the many colleagues that contributed to the
accomplishment of the challenging fieldwork over 30 yr. Mention of
specific software or products by name does not constitute an endorsement
by the U.S. Geological Survey or other institutions involved with this
research.
NR 67
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U1 5
U2 44
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1100-9233
J9 J VEG SCI
JI J. Veg. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 4
BP 639
EP 650
DI 10.1111/jvs.12000
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA 160JB
UT WOS:000320114600007
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, ST
AF Jackson, Stephen T.
TI Natural, potential and actual vegetation in North America
SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Hysteresis; Multiple stable states; North america; Natural vegetation;
Paleoecology; Potential natural vegetation
ID LATE-QUATERNARY VEGETATION; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; UNITED-STATES; FIRE;
COMMUNITIES; CONSERVATION; ECOSYSTEMS; DYNAMICS; FORESTS; PINE
AB The potential natural vegetation (PNV) concept has parallel applications in Europe and North America. Paleoecological studies in parts of North America provide records of vegetation patterns and dynamics under little or no human disturbance. Something resembling PNV emerges at millennial temporal scales and at regional to subcontinental spatial scales. However, at finer spatial and temporal scales, actual vegetation often displays properties of inertia, contingency and hysteresis, most frequently because of climatic variability across multiple timescales and the episodic nature of disturbance and establishment. Thus, in the absence of human disturbance, the actual vegetation that develops at a site may not resemble a particular PNV ideal, but could instead represent one of any number of potential outcomes constrained by historically contingent processes. PNV may best be viewed as an artificial construct, with utility in some settings. Its utility may diminish and even be detrimental in a rapidly changing environment.
C1 [Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Wyoming, Dept 3165, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Jackson, ST (reprint author), USGS Southwest Climate Sci Ctr, 1955 E 6th St, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM jackson@uwyo.edu
NR 39
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U1 2
U2 35
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1100-9233
EI 1654-1103
J9 J VEG SCI
JI J. Veg. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 4
BP 772
EP 776
DI 10.1111/jvs.12004
PG 5
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA 160JB
UT WOS:000320114600018
ER
PT J
AU Beck, MW
Vondracek, B
Hatch, LK
AF Beck, Marcus W.
Vondracek, Bruce
Hatch, Lorin K.
TI Environmental clustering of lakes to evaluate performance of a
macrophyte index of biotic integrity
SO AQUATIC BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biological assessment; Clustering; Lake monitoring; Macrophyte IBI;
Ordination; Variance partitioning
ID AQUATIC MACROPHYTES; LANDSCAPE POSITION; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; ECOLOGICAL
STATUS; WATER; TEMPERATURE; GROWTH; USA; EUTROPHICATION; IMPLEMENTATION
AB Proper classification of sites is critical for the use of biological indices that can distinguish between natural and human-induced variation in biological response. The macrophyte-based index of biotic integrity was developed to assess the condition of Minnesota lakes in relation to anthropogenic stressors, but macrophyte community composition varies naturally across the state. The goal of the study was to identify environmental characteristics that naturally influence macrophyte index response and establish a preliminary lake classification scheme for biological assessment (bioassessment). Using a comprehensive set of environmental variables, we identified similar groups of lakes by clustering using flexible beta classification. Variance partitioning analysis of IBI response indicated that evaluating similar lake clusters could improve the ability of the macrophyte index to identify community change to anthropogenic stressors, although lake groups did not fully account for the natural variation in macrophyte composition. Diagnostic capabilities of the index could be improved when evaluating lakes with similar environmental characteristics, suggesting the index has potential for accurate bioassessment provided comparable groups of lakes are evaluated. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Beck, Marcus W.] Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Grad Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Vondracek, Bruce] US Geol Survey, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Hatch, Lorin K.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Beck, MW (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Grad Program, 200 Hodson Hall,1980 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM beckx266@umn.edu; bvondrac@umn.edu; Lorin.Hatch@hdrinc.com
FU Minnesota Department of Natural Resources; U.S. Geological Survey;
University of Minnesota; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife
Management Institute
FX Funding was provided by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
using Clean Water Legacy funds appropriated by the Minnesota
Legislature. All macrophyte survey data were obtained from the Minnesota
Department of Natural Resources. Study design, data analysis,
interpretation, writing, and decision to submit the manuscript for
publication were sole responsibilities of the authors. The use of trade
names or products does not constitute endorsement by the U.S.
Government.; The Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
is sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of Minnesota,
the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 55
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U1 1
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3770
EI 1879-1522
J9 AQUAT BOT
JI Aquat. Bot.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 108
BP 16
EP 25
DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2013.02.003
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 152PX
UT WOS:000319544700003
ER
PT J
AU Romer, JD
Leblanc, CA
Clements, S
Ferguson, JA
Kent, ML
Noakes, D
Schreck, CB
AF Romer, Jeremy D.
Leblanc, Camille A.
Clements, Shaun
Ferguson, Jayde A.
Kent, Michael L.
Noakes, David
Schreck, Carl B.
TI Survival and behavior of juvenile steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
in two estuaries in Oregon, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Survival; Smolt; Estuary; Acoustic; Telemetry; Flow
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; PACIFIC SALMON; CHINOOK SALMON;
NANOPHYETUS-SALMINCOLA; MARINE SURVIVAL; ACOUSTIC TELEMETRY;
BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SMOLT SIZE; RIVER; MORTALITY
AB Anadromous salmonids are viewed as a prized commodity and cultural symbol throughout the Pacific coast of North America. Unfortunately, several native salmonid populations are threatened or at risk of extinction. Despite this, little is known about the behavior and survival of these fish as the juveniles transition from freshwater to the ocean. Our primary objectives were to estimate survival of juvenile steelhead migrating between trapping sites and the ocean and evaluate whether survival in the estuary varies temporally (within a year) or spatially (within and between estuaries) within the same distinct population segment. We also evaluated whether flow or fork length were correlated with survival and collected information on variables that have been demonstrated to affect smolt survival in other studies to lend insight regarding differences in survival estimates between basins. We compared run timing, migration rate, survival, condition factor, age composition and time of residence in the estuary for steelhead outmigrants from each basin and measured parasite loads in outmigrating steelhead to evaluate potential differences in parasite density and parasite community between basins. In 2009, we implanted acoustic transmitters in 139 wild steelhead smolts in two small rivers on the Oregon Coast. In general, only 40-50 % of the wild steelhead smolts tagged at upstream smolt traps were detected entering the ocean. The majority of mortality occurred in the lower estuary near the ocean. Wild steelhead smolts typically spent less than 1 day in the estuary in both basins. Using similar data from previous studies in the Nehalem and Alsea basins, we showed that survival appears to be negatively correlated with flow in most releases, and in 2009 fork length was not correlated with survival. Our observations provide baseline information on factors that could influence smolt survival through the estuary as well as smolt to adult survival in these basins, and emphasize the importance of monitoring smolt survival in the estuary.
C1 [Romer, Jeremy D.; Leblanc, Camille A.; Noakes, David; Schreck, Carl B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Romer, Jeremy D.; Clements, Shaun] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Ferguson, Jayde A.; Kent, Michael L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Noakes, David] Oregon Hatchery Res Ctr, Alsea, OR 97324 USA.
[Schreck, Carl B.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Romer, JD (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Nash Hall Room 104, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM Jeremy.Romer2@oregonstate.edu
FU ODFW Restoration and Enhancement [07-096]; Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking
(POST) program; Oregon Council Federation of Fly Fishers, Santiam Fish
and Game Association; Washington County Fly Fishers
FX We sincerely thank the following people for their assistance: Three
anonymous reviewers who contributed helpful edits and comments to the
manuscript, Kara Anlauf (GIS figures), Lisa Borgerson and Kanani Bowden
(scale analysis), Kristin Berkenkamp (histology preparation), Ryan
Couture and Joseph O'Neil (OHRC, metal fabrication), Allison Evans
(statistical advice), Steve Johnson (data, manuscript edits), Kim Jones
(sampling gear, edits), Paul Olmsted, Aaron Paloni, and Jitesh Pattni
(smolt trapping), Jim Powers (EPA, acoustic receivers), Bill Ratliff
(landowner contacts), Brian Riggers (boat loan), Dave Stewart (lodging
at the Redwood), Erik Suring (ODFW Life Cycle Monitoring), Andrew Walch
(field assistance), Derek Wiley (ODFW North Fork Nehalem crew
supervisor). And the following agencies and organizations for funding
and support; Primary funding for the Nehalem basin was provided by ODFW
Restoration and Enhancement (07-096). Primary funding for work in the
Alsea basin was provided by Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking (POST) program.
Additional funding was provided by Oregon Council Federation of Fly
Fishers, Santiam Fish and Game Association, and Washington County Fly
Fishers.
NR 46
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U2 50
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 96
IS 7
BP 849
EP 863
DI 10.1007/s10641-012-0080-8
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 153OK
UT WOS:000319611600005
ER
PT J
AU Nosal, AP
Cartamil, DC
Long, JW
Luhrmann, M
Wegner, NC
Graham, JB
AF Nosal, A. P.
Cartamil, D. C.
Long, J. W.
Luehrmann, M.
Wegner, N. C.
Graham, J. B.
TI Demography and movement patterns of leopard sharks (Triakis
semifasciata) aggregating near the head of a submarine canyon along the
open coast of southern California, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Shark aggregation; Acoustic telemetry; Sexual segregation; Site
fidelity; Marine reserve; Wave height
ID SCALLOPED HAMMERHEAD SHARKS; GINGLYMOSTOMA-CIRRATUM; ELASMOBRANCH
FISHES; SPHYRNA-LEWINI; ELKHORN SLOUGH; FOOD-HABITS; REEF SHARK;
HOME-RANGE; BAY; BEHAVIOR
AB The demography, spatial distribution, and movement patterns of leopard sharks (Triakis semifasciata) aggregating near the head of a submarine canyon in La Jolla, California, USA, were investigated to resolve the causal explanations for this and similar shark aggregations. All sharks sampled from the aggregation site (n = 140) were sexually mature and 97.1 % were female. Aerial photographs taken during tethered balloon surveys revealed high densities of milling sharks of up to 5470 sharks ha(-1). Eight sharks were each tagged with a continuous acoustic transmitter and manually tracked without interruption for up to 48 h. Sharks exhibited strong site-fidelity and were generally confined to a divergence (shadow) zone of low wave energy, which results from wave refraction over the steep bathymetric contours of the submarine canyon. Within this divergence zone, the movements of sharks were strongly localized over the seismically active Rose Canyon Fault. Tracked sharks spent most of their time in shallow water (a parts per thousand currency sign2 m for 71.0 % and a parts per thousand currency sign10 m for 95.9 % of time), with some dispersing to deeper (max: 53.9 m) and cooler (min: 12.7 A degrees C) water after sunset, subsequently returning by sunrise. These findings suggest multiple functions of this aggregation and that the mechanism controlling its formation, maintenance, and dissolution is complex and rooted in the sharks' variable response to numerous confounding environmental factors.
C1 [Nosal, A. P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Cartamil, D. C.; Wegner, N. C.; Graham, J. B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biotechnol & Biomed, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Long, J. W.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Luehrmann, M.] Univ Rostock, Inst Biol Sci, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
[Wegner, N. C.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries Resource Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Nosal, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM anosal@ucsd.edu
FU University of California -San Diego Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee (IACUC) [S00080]; Scripps Institution of Oceanography Graduate
Department, Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation; Los Angeles
Rod and Reel Club Foundation; Graduate Research Fellowship Program
(GRFP); National Science Foundation [0333444]
FX We thank the many people that volunteered their time to assist with this
project, particularly E. Kisfaludy, M. Royer, A. Caillat, M. Taylor, M.
C. Bernal, L. McCormick, A. Martin, A. Barker, J. Arce, J. Beckman, B.
Frossard, J. Renfree, C. Jew, L. Bellquist, N. Ben-Aderet, and E.
Parnell. This work was conducted under University of California -San
Diego Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocol No.
S00080. Funding was provided by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Graduate Department, Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation,
and the Los Angeles Rod and Reel Club Foundation. A. Nosal was supported
by Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP) and Integrated Graduate
Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT, No. 0333444) awards from the
National Science Foundation. We would like to dedicate this paper to
Jeffrey B. Graham, who is a co-author on this manuscript but passed away
before its completion. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 51
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PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 96
IS 7
BP 865
EP 878
DI 10.1007/s10641-012-0083-5
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 153OK
UT WOS:000319611600006
ER
PT J
AU Martin, DR
Powell, LA
Pope, KL
AF Martin, Dustin R.
Powell, Larkin A.
Pope, Kevin L.
TI Erratum to: Habitat selection by adult walleye during spawning season in
irrigation reservoirs: a patch occupancy modeling approach (vol 93, pg
589, 2012)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Martin, Dustin R.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Martin, Dustin R.; Powell, Larkin A.; Pope, Kevin L.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Pope, Kevin L.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Martin, DR (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 013 Hardin Hall,3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM dustin.martin@huskers.unl.edu
RI Pope, Kevin/D-8096-2011
OI Pope, Kevin/0000-0003-1876-1687
NR 2
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 96
IS 7
BP 905
EP 905
DI 10.1007/s10641-013-0144-4
PG 1
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 153OK
UT WOS:000319611600009
ER
PT J
AU Loman, ZG
Riffell, SK
Miller, DA
Martin, JA
Vilella, FJ
AF Loman, Zachary G.
Riffell, Samuel K.
Miller, Darren A.
Martin, James A.
Vilella, Francisco J.
TI Site preparation for switchgrass intercropping in loblolly pine
plantations reduces retained trees and snags, but maintains downed woody
debris
SO FORESTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; CAVITY-NESTING BIRDS; CLEAR-CUT; SORICID
RESPONSE; MICROHABITAT USE; MANAGED FORESTS; STAND-LEVEL; BIODIVERSITY;
RETENTION; ABUNDANCE
AB Within young pine (Pinus spp.) plantations, coarse woody debris (CWD) and green trees are important habitat structures that may be impacted by the production of biofuel feedstock. Therefore, we compared site preparation procedures associated with switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) intercropping to determine effects on CWD and green trees in stands (n 24) site-prepared for intercropping, with switchgrass only, or pine plantation in Mississippi, USA. Following site preparation, CWD dispersal or volume did not differ between intercropped and control stands. Intercropped stands had significantly fewer retained trees and snags. Switchgrass monocultures had no retained trees or piles and significantly fewer pieces and less volume of CWD than the other treatments. Our results suggest switchgrass intercropping may provide similar habitat quality to traditional pine plantations for wildlife species using these areas in the year following disturbance, but may provide a less suitable habitat for species that require snags. However, the relationship between snag reduction and wildlife population response in an intercropped setting is not clear and should be further investigated. Regardless, if retaining snags is a desired outcome, site preparation for switchgrass should be restricted to the interbed area where it will be cultivated as opposed to extensive debris removal from the entire site.
C1 [Loman, Zachary G.; Riffell, Samuel K.; Martin, James A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Miller, Darren A.] Weyerhaeuser NR Co, Columbus, MS 39704 USA.
[Vilella, Francisco J.] US Geol Survey, Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Loman, ZG (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, POB 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM zloman@cfr.msstate.edu
FU Catchlight Energy LLC; Weyerhaeuser Company
FX Financial and logistical support was provided by Catchlight Energy LLC
and Weyerhaeuser Company. D. A. Miller provided support under a
Statement of Work as Service Providers for Catchlight Energy LLC during
this research.
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U2 21
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0015-752X
EI 1464-3626
J9 FORESTRY
JI Forestry
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 86
IS 3
BP 353
EP 360
DI 10.1093/forestry/cpt004
PG 8
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 142RK
UT WOS:000318814600006
ER
PT J
AU Guo, HM
Liu, C
Lu, H
Wanty, RB
Wang, J
Zhou, YZ
AF Guo, Huaming
Liu, Chen
Lu, Hai
Wanty, R. B.
Wang, Jun
Zhou, Yinzhu
TI Pathways of coupled arsenic and iron cycling in high arsenic groundwater
of the Hetao basin, Inner Mongolia, China: An iron isotope approach
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID AQUEOUS FERROUS IRON; BANGLADESH GROUNDWATER; REDUCING CONDITIONS;
AQUIFER SEDIMENTS; OXIDE REDUCTION; GEOCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR; MICROBIAL
REDUCTION; ATOM EXCHANGE; BENGAL DELTA; HUHHOT BASIN
AB High As groundwater is widely distributed all over the world, which has posed a significant health impact on millions of people. Iron isotopes have recently been used to characterize Fe cycling in aqueous environments, but there is no information on Fe isotope characteristics in the groundwater. Since groundwater As behavior is closely associated with Fe cycling in the aquifers, Fe isotope signatures may help to characterize geochemical processes controlling As concentrations of shallow groundwaters. This study provides the first observation of Fe isotope fractionation in high As groundwater and evaluation of Fe cycling and As behaviors in shallow aquifers in terms of Fe isotope signatures. Thirty groundwater samples were taken for chemical and isotopic analysis in the Hetao basin, Inner Mongolia. Thirty-two sediments were sampled as well from shallow aquifers for Fe isotope analysis. Results showed that groundwater was normally enriched in isotopically light Fe with delta Fe-56 values between -3.40 parts per thousand and 0.58 parts per thousand and median of -1.14 parts per thousand, while heavier delta Fe-56 values were observed in the sediments (between -1.10 parts per thousand and 0.75 parts per thousand, median +0.36 parts per thousand). In reducing conditions, groundwaters generally had higher delta Fe-56 values, in comparison with oxic conditions. High As groundwaters, generally occurring in reducing conditions, had high delta Fe-56 values, while low As groundwaters normally had low delta Fe-56 values. Although sediment delta Fe-56 values were generally independent of lithological conditions, a large variation in sediment delta Fe-56 values was observed in the oxidation-reduction transition zone. Three pathways were identified for Fe cycling in shallow groundwater, including dissimilatory reduction of Fe(III) oxides, re-adsorption of Fe(II), and precipitation of pyrite and siderite. Dissimilatory reduction of Fe(III) oxides resulted in light delta Fe-56 values (around -1.0 parts per thousand) and high As concentration (>50 mu g/L) in groundwater in anoxic conditions. Re-adsorption of isotopically heavy Fe(II) produced by microbially mediated reduction of Fe(III) oxides led to further enrichment of isotopically light Fe in groundwater (up to -3.4 parts per thousand of delta Fe-56) in anoxic-suboxic conditions. Arsenic re-adsorption was expected to occur along with Fe(II) re-adsorption, decreasing groundwater As concentrations. In strongly reducing conditions, precipitation of isotopically light Fe-pyrite and/or siderite increased groundwater delta Fe-56 values, reaching +0.58 parts per thousand delta Fe-56, with a subsequent decrease in As concentrations via co-precipitation. The mixed effect of those pathways would regulate As and Fe cycling in most groundwaters. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Guo, Huaming] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Guo, Huaming; Liu, Chen; Zhou, Yinzhu] China Univ Geosci, Sch Water Resources & Environm, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Hai; Wang, Jun] Natl Inst Metrol, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China.
[Wanty, R. B.] US Geol Survey, MS Denver Fed Ctr 964D, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Guo, HM (reprint author), China Univ Geosci, Sch Water Resources & Environm, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM hmguo@cugb.edu.cn
RI Guo, Huaming/E-7372-2010
OI Guo, Huaming/0000-0002-4408-8775
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41222020, 41172224];
Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-07-0770];
Chinese Universities Scientific Fund [2010ZD04]; Chinese Scholarship
Council (CSC)
FX The study has been financially supported by National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Nos. 41222020 and 41172224), the Program for New
Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-07-0770), the Chinese
Universities Scientific Fund (No. 2010ZD04), and the Chinese Scholarship
Council (CSC). Constructive comments by Dr. Daniel Giammar (Associate
Editor), Dr. Alexander van Geen and another three anonymous reviewers
are also gratefully acknowledged.
NR 85
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 112
BP 130
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2013.02.031
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 144WP
UT WOS:000318972800009
ER
PT J
AU Gutman, G
Huang, CQ
Chander, G
Noojipady, P
Masek, JG
AF Gutman, Garik
Huang, Chengquan
Chander, Gyanesh
Noojipady, Praveen
Masek, Jeffrey G.
TI Assessment of the NASA-USGS Global Land Survey (GLS) datasets
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Global Land Surveys; Landsat; Quality assessment
ID THEMATIC MAPPER DATA; RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION; UNITED-STATES; DATA SET;
COVER; RECORD; EARTH; TM; IMAGERY; FUTURE
AB The Global Land Survey (GLS) datasets are a collection of orthorectified, cloud-minimized Landsat-type satellite images, providing near complete coverage of the global land area decadally since the early 1970s. The global mosaics are centered on 1975, 1990, 2000, 2005, and 2010, and consist of data acquired from four sensors: Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus, Thematic Mapper, Multispectral Scanner, and Advanced Land Imager. The GLS datasets have been widely used in land-cover and land-use change studies at local, regional, and global scales. This study evaluates the GLS datasets with respect to their spatial coverage, temporal consistency, geodetic accuracy, radiometric calibration consistency, image completeness, extent of cloud contamination, and residual gaps. In general, the three latest GLS datasets are of a better quality than the GLS-1990 and GLS-1975 datasets, with most of the imagery (85%) having cloud cover of less than 10%, the acquisition years clustered much more tightly around their target years, better co-registration relative to GLS-2000, and better radiometric absolute calibration. Probably, the most significant impediment to scientific use of the datasets is the variability of image phenology (i.e., acquisition day of year). This paper provides end-users with an assessment of the quality of the GLS datasets for specific applications, and where possible, suggestions for mitigating their deficiencies. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gutman, Garik] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Huang, Chengquan; Noojipady, Praveen] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, Global Land Cover Facil, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Chander, Gyanesh] US Geol Survey, SGT Inc, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Masek, Jeffrey G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Gutman, G (reprint author), NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
EM ggutman@nasa.gov; cqhuang@umd.edu; gchander@usgs.gov;
Jeffrey.G.Masek@nasa.gov
RI Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012;
OI Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798
FU NASA [NNH06ZDA001N-MEASURES]; USGS [G10PC00044]
FX This study was supported by grants from NASA's Land-Cover/Land-Use
Change, Terrestrial Ecology, Carbon Cycle Science, and Applied Sciences
Programs, and by NASA's funding opportunity NNH06ZDA001N-MEASURES. The
SGT Inc, work was performed under USGS contract G10PC00044. DoHyung Kim,
Joe Sexton, and Saurabh Channan of the GLCF provided significant support
in evaluating the cloud cover of the GLS-2000 and phenological
suitability of the GLS images. Aparajithan Sampath and Rajagopalan
Rengarajan from SGT provided significant support to the geodetic
assessment of the GLS datasets. Special thanks go to Steven Covington
(Aerospace), Rachel Headley, John Dwyer, and Ray Byrnes (USGS) for
helping with the creation of the GLS datasets. We appreciate Rachel
Headley's help with reviewing this manuscript and providing us useful
feedback. We are also grateful to the four anonymous reviewers whose
constructive criticisms helped to improve the text substantially. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 44
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U1 0
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 134
BP 249
EP 265
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.02.026
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 148GS
UT WOS:000319233200019
ER
PT J
AU Thorpe, AK
Roberts, DA
Bradley, ES
Funk, CC
Dennison, PE
Leifer, I
AF Thorpe, Andrew K.
Roberts, Dar A.
Bradley, Eliza S.
Funk, Christopher C.
Dennison, Philip E.
Leifer, Ira
TI High resolution mapping of methane emissions from marine and terrestrial
sources using a Cluster-Tuned Matched Filter technique and imaging
spectrometry
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Methane; CH4; Greenhouse gas; Trace gas; Emissions; Plume; Cluster-Tuned
Matched Filter; Mapping; Hydrocarbons; Coal Oil Point seep field; Los
Angeles; La Brea Tar Pits; Fugitive; AVIRIS; Airborne Visible Infrared
Imaging; Spectrometer
ID COAL OIL POINT; ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; HYDROCARBON SEEPS; CARBON-DIOXIDE;
SCIAMACHY; GAS; CALIFORNIA; RETRIEVAL; SATELLITE; HAZARDS
AB In this study, a Cluster-Tuned Matched Filter (CTMF) technique was applied to data acquired by the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) over marine and terrestrial locations known to emit methane (CH4). At the Coal Oil Point marine seep field, prominent CH4 anomalies were consistent with advection from known areas of active seepage. For a region with natural CH4 and oil seepage located west of downtown Los Angeles, significant CH4 anomalies were identified for known sources at the La Brea Tar Pits and in close proximity to probable sources, including an office complex documented as venting CH4 continuously and hydrocarbon storage tanks on the Inglewood Oil Field. However, interpretation of anomalies was complicated by noise and false positives for surfaces with strong absorptions at the same wavelengths as CH4 absorption features. Segmentation of results identified 16 distinct locations of contiguous pixels with high CTMF scores and segments were classified into probable CH4 anomalies and confusers based on the spectral properties of the underlying surface over the full spectral range measured by AVIRIS. This technique is particularly well suited for application over large areas to detect CH4 emissions from concentrated point sources and should permit detection of additional trace gasses with distinct absorption features, including carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Thus, imaging spectrometry by an AVIRIS-like sensor has the potential to improve high resolution greenhouse gas mapping, better constraining local sources. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Thorpe, Andrew K.; Roberts, Dar A.; Bradley, Eliza S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Funk, Christopher C.] US Geol Survey, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
[Funk, Christopher C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Climate Hazards Grp, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Dennison, Philip E.] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Dennison, Philip E.] Univ Utah, Ctr Nat & Technol Hazards, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Leifer, Ira] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Thorpe, AK (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, 1832 Ellison Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM akthorpe@geog.ucsb.edu; dar@geog.ucsb.edu; ebradley@geog.ucsb.edu;
chris@geog.ucsb.edu; dennison@geog.utah.edu; ira.leifer@bubbleology.com
OI Leifer, Ira/0000-0002-4674-5775; Dennison, Philip/0000-0002-0241-1917
FU NASA North American Carbon Program (NACP) [NNX07AC89G]; NASA California
Space Grant; National Science Foundation, ATM Rapid Response program
FX The authors thank Joseph P. McFadden and anonymous reviewers for their
insightful comments. This research was supported in part by a NASA North
American Carbon Program (NACP) research grant (NNX07AC89G), a NASA
California Space Grant, and the National Science Foundation, ATM Rapid
Response program. AVIRIS imagery used in this study was kindly provided
by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).
NR 64
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 134
BP 305
EP 318
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.03.018
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 148GS
UT WOS:000319233200023
ER
PT J
AU Clement, MJ
Castleberry, SB
AF Clement, Matthew J.
Castleberry, Steven B.
TI Divergent Roosting Habits of Rafinesque's Big-eared Bat and Southeastern
Myotis During Winter Floods
SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID CORYNORHINUS-RAFINESQUII; NYCTICEIUS-HUMERALIS; TREE ROOSTS; RAT SNAKES;
FOREST; SELECTION; MISSOURI; CAVITIES; ECOLOGY
AB Despite the importance of winter roosts to bat ecology, much less is known about tree roosts used by bats in winter than in summer. Rafinesque's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii) and southeastern myotis (Myotis austroriparius) are species of concern whose winter tree roost selection may be constrained by seasonal flooding in cypress-gum swamps. To evaluate winter roost selection by these species, we compared characteristics of winter roosts to trees not occupied in winter and to summer roost trees in the Oconee River floodplain, Laurens County, Georgia. We located 23 Rafinesque's big-eared bat winter roosts and 5 southeastern myotis winter roosts by climbing and visually inspecting hollow trees and by radio telemetry. We analyzed differences between used and unused trees in winter and between winter and summer roosts. Despite extensive flooding in winter, Rafinesque's big-eared bats roosted in cypress-gum swamps in summer and winter. Accordingly, they used similar large hollow water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica) in both seasons, although roost entrances were higher in winter. In contrast, southeastern myotis roosted in cypress-gum swamps in summer and switched to a diverse hardwood floodplain forest with shallower flood waters in winter. As a result they used smaller roosts in different tree species in winter than in summer. The divergent roosting habits in winter are likely due to the height of roost entrances in relation to flood waters. In summer Southeastern myotis use basal openings that are submerged during winter flooding, whereas Rafinesque's big-eared bats use openings located higher on the tree bole that are not submerged. Therefore, management for southeastern myotis may require provision of separate summer and winter roosting habitats.
C1 [Clement, Matthew J.; Castleberry, Steven B.] Univ Georgia, DB Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Clement, MJ (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM mclement@gmail.com
RI Clement, Matthew/D-1251-2013
FU Georgia Department of Natural Resources Wildlife Resources Division;
Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources at the
University of Georgia
FX Funding was provided by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources
Wildlife Resources Division and the Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry
and Natural Resources at the University of Georgia. The Georgia
Department of Natural Resources provided access and housing at River
Bend WMA. We thank C. Carpenter, V. Kinney, and C. Bland for field
assistance.
NR 42
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U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST
PI NOTRE DAME
PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA
SN 0003-0031
EI 1938-4238
J9 AM MIDL NAT
JI Am. Midl. Nat.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 170
IS 1
BP 158
EP 170
DI 10.1674/0003-0031-170.1.158
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK1WH
UT WOS:000338208500012
ER
PT J
AU Thorstenson, AL
Crunkilton, RL
Bozek, MA
Turyk, NB
AF Thorstenson, Amy L.
Crunkilton, Ronald L.
Bozek, Michael A.
Turyk, Nancy B.
TI Overwintering habitat requirements of the milfoil weevil, Euhrychiopsis
lecontei, in two central Wisconsin lakes
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Eurasian watermilfoil; Myriophyllum spicatum; biological control;
shoreland habitat; hibernation habitat
AB The native milfoil weevil, Euhrychiopsis lecontei (Dietz), shows potential to be an effective biological control for Eurasian watermilfoil, Myriophyllum spicatum L. To better define shoreland habitat requirements for overwintering success, univariate and multivariate (discriminate analysis) statistical methods were used to identify the habitat variables that best define weevil overwintering habitat at two lakes in Portage County, Wisconsin: Thomas Lake, a glacial seepage lake, and Springville Pond, an impoundment of the Little Plover River. Weevil presence and abundance along the shore were evaluated in relation to the presence of milfoil fragments along shore, distance from shoreline, height above water, habitat type, soil texture, soil and duff moisture, soil and duff organic matter, duff depth, and duff composition. The results suggest that higher elevation sites closer to shore, with more duff material, are associated with weevil presence, and that management activities that remove duff material from the shoreland, such as mowing and raking, may be disadvantatgeous to weevil populations. It was inconclusive whether duff composition was truly correlated with weevil abundance, suggesting that lake residents and lake managers may not need to be concerned about planting specific plant species for weevil habitat.
C1 [Thorstenson, Amy L.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Grad Program, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
[Crunkilton, Ronald L.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Water Resources, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
[Bozek, Michael A.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Unit, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
[Turyk, Nancy B.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Watershed Sci & Educ, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
RP Thorstenson, AL (reprint author), Golden Sands RC&D Council Inc, 1462 Strongs Ave, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
EM adthorstenson@gmail.com
FU Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Aquatic Invasive Species Grant
Program
FX This project would not have been possible without the cooperation of the
landowners on each of the study lakes. Research funding was provided by
a grant from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Aquatic
Invasive Species Grant Program. Field and laboratory assistants
included: Charles Boettcher, James Brodzeller, Benjamin Balika, and
Nathan Thomas. Assistance with soils analysis came from Jess Sherman,
University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point. Many thanks to Dr. Raymond
Newman, University of Minnesota, for a thorough job with manuscript
review.
NR 21
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U1 4
U2 6
PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC
PI VICKSBURG
PA PO BOX 821265, VICKSBURG, MS 39182 USA
SN 0146-6623
J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE
JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 51
BP 88
EP 93
PG 6
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA V41TH
UT WOS:000209568000003
ER
PT J
AU Rybicki, NB
Kirshtein, JD
Voytek, MA
AF Rybicki, Nancy B.
Kirshtein, Julie D.
Voytek, Mary A.
TI Molecular techniques to distinguish morphologically similar Hydrilla
verticillata, Egeria densa, Elodea nuttallii, and Elodea canadensis
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Chesapeake Bay; exotic; misidentification; polymerase chain reaction;
submerged aquatic vegetation
AB The four submerged aquatic species, hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata [monoecious and dioecious]), Brazilian waterweed (Egeria densa), Canadian waterweed (Elodea canadensis), and western waterweed (Elodea nuttallii), are difficult to positively identify because of their morphological similarity to each other, resulting in possible misidentification. This limits our ability to understand their past and present distribution, which is important in aquatic plant management. We investigated a molecular technique to identify these species, which are problematic because of their invasive nature on multiple continents. Approximately 100 samples of these species, ranging in age from 40-yr-old herbarium samples to recently collected plants, were collected from regions across the United States. The distribution and range of the samples collected in this research were compared to those reported in the literature. We confirmed information on the current wide distribution of both hydrilla biotypes in the United States and discovered that hydrilla had actually invaded the waterways near Washington, DC 6 yr earlier than originally reported. In addition, we found evidence of the confusion, dating back to the 1980s, between Canadian waterweed and western waterweed in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Canadian waterweed was previously reported as common and western waterweed as rare; however, our samples indicate the opposite is true. This information indicates there is a need for investigators to anticipate the spread of hydrilla populations to northern U.S. waterways, where it will compete with existing plant species, including Canadian and western waterweeds. Our ability to confirm distribution and pace of spread of invasive and noninvasive species will improve with increased application of molecular techniques.
C1 [Rybicki, Nancy B.; Kirshtein, Julie D.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Voytek, Mary A.] Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Astrobiol, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
RP Rybicki, NB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM nrybicki@usgs.gov
NR 35
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U1 2
U2 6
PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC
PI VICKSBURG
PA PO BOX 821265, VICKSBURG, MS 39182 USA
SN 0146-6623
J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE
JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 51
BP 94
EP 102
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA V41TH
UT WOS:000209568000004
ER
PT J
AU van Riper, C
Fontaine, JJ
van Wagtendonk, JW
AF van Riper, Charles, III
Fontaine, Joseph J.
van Wagtendonk, Jan W.
TI Great Gray Owls (Strix nebulosa) in Yosemite National Park: On the
Importance of Food, Forest Structure, and Human Disturbance
SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE distribution; great gray owl; habitat selection; human disturbance;
meadows; prey selection; Yosemite National Park
ID HOME-RANGE CHARACTERISTICS; NONCONSUMPTIVE RECREATION; CALIFORNIA;
RESPONSES; SELECTION; DYNAMICS
AB We studied great gray owls (Strix nebulosa Forster) in Yosemite National Park, California, measuring variables that could potentially influence patterns of occurrence and conservation of this state-endangered species. We found that owl presence was closely tied to habitat (red fir (Abies magnifica A. Murray) and the abundance of meadows), prey, and snags across the landscape. We also found that indicators of human recreational activities negatively influenced owl distribution and habitat use. Great gray owls appear to prefer mid-elevation red fir forest with meadows that are drier and more productive in terms of small mammal populations. That these areas also have the highest human activity presents a paradox, both for individual owls and for the future conservation and management of this California endangered species. The extent to which human recreation in natural areas affects animal behavior, species distribution, and productivity is a growing issue in natural area management. We present information that will allow land managers to better understand how existing natural resources, coupled with human recreation, influence the distribution and habitat use of the great gray owl.
C1 [van Riper, Charles, III] Univ Arizona, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Fontaine, Joseph J.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[van Wagtendonk, Jan W.] US Geol Survey, Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, El Portal, CA 95318 USA.
RP van Riper, C (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM charles_van_riper@usgs.gov
RI Fontaine, Joseph/F-6557-2010
OI Fontaine, Joseph/0000-0002-7639-9156
FU National Park Service; Yosemite Fund; Chevron Corporation
FX We thank the National Park Service, Yosemite Fund, and the Chevron
Corporation for funding this study. Special thanks go to our principal
field assistants Mason Reid, Sue Skiff, Mark Sogge, Ann Wildman, and Jon
Winter, and also to the many student assistants (B. Martin, B.
Muiznieks, D. Reyes, C. Farmer, P. Ustach, J. Burghardt, S. Rothstein,
A. Alfaro, E. Skelton, P. Keller, J. Davis, K. Enstrom, S. Burns, D. J.
O'Brien, B. White, and B. Marling) who helped gather data. We also
appreciate review comments on this paper from E. Bull, K. Decker, S.
Roberts, C. J. van Riper, K. van Wagtendonk, Christina Vojta, and D.
Willey.
NR 40
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U1 6
U2 25
PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC
PI ROCKFORD
PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA
SN 0885-8608
EI 2162-4399
J9 NAT AREA J
JI Nat. Areas J.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 3
BP 286
EP 295
DI 10.3375/043.033.0307
PG 10
WC Ecology; Forestry
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA AQ5UX
UT WOS:000342875200006
ER
PT J
AU Winter, SL
Hickman, KR
Goad, CL
Fuhlendorf, SD
Gregory, MS
AF Winter, Stephen L.
Hickman, Karen R.
Goad, Carla L.
Fuhlendorf, Samuel D.
Gregory, Mark S.
TI Seasonal Fires, Bison Grazing, and the Tallgrass Prairie Forb
Arnoglossum plantagineum Raf.
SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE heterogeneity; patch burn grazing; pyric herbivory; shifting mosaic
ID RESTORING HETEROGENEITY; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; PYRIC-HERBIVORY; WATER
RELATIONS; FLINT-HILLS; GROWTH; VEGETATION; PATTERNS; REPRODUCTION;
DIVERSITY
AB Fire and grazing can interact to affect the structure and composition of vegetation communities in a manner that may differ from the effects of fire or grazing that occurs in isolation of the other. In order to better understand the effects of a fire-grazing interaction at the level of an individual plant species, we studied the response of a perennial tallgrass prairie forb, Arnoglossum plantagineum Raf., to the interaction of spring and summer fires with grazing by bison (Bison bison L.). During one field season (2006), we collected data in areas that had been treated with summer fires while in a subsequent field season (2007) we collected data in areas that had been treated with spring fires. Many measures of plant growth (plant height, vegetative biomass, and total biomass) and reproductive effort (reproductive biomass, indices of flowering plant density) suggested greater resource availability for individuals of A. plantagineum growing in areas that had been recently burned and were being heavily grazed by bison. However, the response of these variables to the fire-grazing interaction often varied among differing topographical positions. Our results demonstrate that the interaction of fire and bison grazing can further interact with topographical position in tallgrass prairie to affect the growth and reproductive effort of the perennial forb A. plantagineum.
C1 [Hickman, Karen R.; Fuhlendorf, Samuel D.; Gregory, Mark S.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Goad, Carla L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Stat, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Winter, SL (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington, DC USA.
EM stephen.winter@okstate.edu
FU State Wildlife Grant of the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation
[T-30-P]; National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State
Research, Education and Extension Service [2003-35101-12928]; Oklahoma
State University
FX Funding was provided by a State Wildlife Grant under Project T-30-P of
the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation and Oklahoma State
University and administered through the Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit; and the National Research Initiative of the USDA
Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant
number 2003-35101-12928. The Oklahoma Chapter of The Nature Conservancy
provided logistical assistance and lodging during both field seasons.
Assistance with field sampling and laboratory procedures was provided by
A. Ainsworth, L. Haynes, J. Lofton, S. Robertson, K. Spears, and J.
Worthington. Additional assistance in the laboratory was provided by M.
Howe, D. Varney, C. Walden, and L. Wilkerson. The manuscript benefitted
from comments and suggestions by two anonymous reviewers.
NR 64
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PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC
PI ROCKFORD
PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA
SN 0885-8608
EI 2162-4399
J9 NAT AREA J
JI Nat. Areas J.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 3
BP 327
EP 338
DI 10.3375/043.033.0311
PG 12
WC Ecology; Forestry
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA AQ5UX
UT WOS:000342875200010
ER
PT J
AU Lowrey, C
Longshore, K
AF Lowrey, Christopher
Longshore, Kathleen
TI HABITAT INTERACTION BETWEEN TWO SPECIES OF CHIPMUNK IN THE BASIN AND
RANGE PROVINCE OF NEVADA
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; ELEVATIONAL DIVERSITY; MONTANE MAMMALS;
NORTH-AMERICA; EUTAMIAS; POPULATIONS; COMMUNITIES; GRADIENTS
AB Interspecies interactions can affect how species are distributed, put constraints on habitat expansion, and reduce the fundamental niche of the affected species. Using logistic regression, we analyzed and compared 174 Tamias palmeri and 94 Tamias panamintinus within an isolated mountain range of the Basin and Range Province of southern Nevada. Tamias panamintinus was more likely to use pinyon/ponderosa/fir mixed forests than pinyon alone, compared to random sites. In the presence of T. palmeri, however, interaction analyses indicated T. panamintinus was less likely to occupy the mixed forests and more likely near large rocks on southern aspects. This species-by-habitat interaction data suggest that T. palmeri excludes T. panamintinus from areas of potentially suitable habitat. Climate change may adversely affect species of restricted distribution. Habitat isolation and species interactions in this region may thus increase survival risks as climate temperatures rise.
C1 [Lowrey, Christopher; Longshore, Kathleen] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Las Vegas Field Stn, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
RP Lowrey, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Las Vegas Field Stn, 160 North Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
EM clowrey@usgs.gov
FU Clark County Desert Conservation Program; U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service; University of Nevada, Las Vegas
FX We express our sincere thanks for both funding and support for this
project provided by the Clark County Desert Conservation Program, the
U.S. Forest Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the
University of Nevada, Las Vegas. We also sincerely thank Dr. Julie Yee
for statistical advice. We are particularly grateful to Diego Johnson,
Lee Rindlisberger, Sara Schuster, Rebecca Rookey, John McLaughlin, Adam
Anderson, Stephanie Busby, Chris Bertrand, Leah Kerschner, Christina
Golden, Sara Blocker, Phil Wasz, Wade Boan, Kim Horton, and Chiaki
Lowrey for their untiring collection of data under often very difficult
field conditions. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 30
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U2 7
PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
EI 1944-8341
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 73
IS 2
BP 129
EP 136
DI 10.3398/064.073.0202
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM6GB
UT WOS:000339960300001
ER
PT J
AU Klaver, RW
Peterson, CR
Patla, DA
AF Klaver, Robert W.
Peterson, Charles R.
Patla, Debra A.
TI INFLUENCE OF WATER CONDUCTIVITY ON AMPHIBIAN OCCUPANCY IN THE GREATER
YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID FROGS RANA-LUTEIVENTRIS; BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; POPULATION
DECLINES; SPECIES RICHNESS; NATIONAL-PARK; BOREAL TOADS; SPOTTED FROG;
HABITAT; PATHOGEN; SURVIVAL
AB Investigation of amphibian occupancy at potential breeding sites can provide information about the distribution and relative abundance of species, as well as insights into habitat relationships across large areas such as national parks. Based on previous research in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), we hypothesized that the probability of amphibian occupancy increases with water conductivity. We conducted amphibian surveys with habitat measurements at 235 wetland sites in the GYE in 2002, thereby locating breeding populations of boreal toads (Anaxyrus boreas), boreal chorus frogs (Pseudacris maculata), Columbia spotted frogs (Lithobates luteiventris), and barred tiger salamanders (Ambystoma mavortium). Repeat surveys provided detection probabilities, which allowed for unbiased estimates of occupancy. The boreal chorus frog was the most common amphibian in the GYE, with breeding populations occupying approximately 48% of the sites, followed by Columbia spotted frog (35%), barred tiger salamander (14%), and boreal toad (13%). Occupancy corrected for detection probability averaged 36% higher (range 27%-50%) than naive estimates of occupancy. Detection rates ranged from 0.65 to 0.78 for the 4 species. Modeling of habitat covariates indicated that higher conductivity was positively associated with toad occupancy but negatively associated with chorus frog occupancy; Columbia spotted frog and barred tiger salamander occupancy was little influenced by water conductivity. Fish presence had a negative effect on occupancy of barred tiger salamanders and boreal chorus frogs. These results may help managers in the GYE manage and conserve important breeding habitat for amphibians, particularly if long-term monitoring efforts indicate declines in amphibian populations.
C1 [Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, US Geol Survey, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Peterson, Charles R.; Patla, Debra A.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Herpetol Lab, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
RP Klaver, RW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US Geol Survey, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM bklaver@iastate.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative;
U.S. National Park Service's Inventory and Monitoring Program
FX The U.S. Geological Survey's Amphibian Research and Monitoring
Initiative and the U.S. National Park Service's Inventory and Monitoring
Program provided funding for the data collection, and we received
multiple forms of assistance from personnel at Yellowstone and Grand
Teton national parks. Field work in 2002 was conducted by M. Chatfield,
H. Cooper, G. Carnwath, C. Lockhart, C. Corkran, D. Cork ran, and A.
Harvey. D. Campbell, K. Grande, and B. Smith supported work on the
National Elk Refuge. Comments from P. E. Bartelt, A. L. Gallant, B. R.
Hossack, D. S. Pilliod, and anonymous reviewers greatly improved
previous versions of the manuscript. L. L. Bailey and R. E. Bennetts
provided useful suggestions on analytical methods. J.E. Hines provided
timely assistance with program PRESENCE. Any mention of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the United States Government.
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PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
EI 1944-8341
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 73
IS 2
BP 184
EP 197
DI 10.3398/064.073.0208
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM6GB
UT WOS:000339960300007
ER
PT J
AU Marsh, PC
Mueller, GA
Schwemm, MR
AF Marsh, Paul C.
Mueller, Gordon A.
Schwemm, Michael R.
TI DIEL COVER USE AND LOCAL SITE FIDELITY OF A LARGE SOUTHWESTERN CYPRINID,
BONYTAIL GILA ELEGANS, IN A LOWER COLORADO RIVER BACKWATER
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID FISHES
AB Sonic transmitters were affixed to 10 large (40.4-51.4 cm TL) adult bonytail Gila elegans in 2003 from Cibola High Levee Pond, a small, isolated backwater adjacent to the lower Colorado River in Arizona and California. Point and paired directional observations showed that all marked adult bonytail occupied interstices of large riprap during daytime and used open water areas during darkness, presumably to feed. There were 2 spatial patterns of nighttime distribution by adult fish: 70% of fish exhibited mesohabitat site fidelity to a particular area of the pond, while others appeared to move about at random. Selection or design of bonytail management areas including grow-out and refuge sites should consider cover requirements for larger fish, as this may be a limiting factor if lack of cover subjects some individuals to higher predation risk.
C1 [Marsh, Paul C.] Marsh & Associates, Tempe, AZ 85282 USA.
[Marsh, Paul C.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Mueller, Gordon A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Schwemm, Michael R.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
RP Marsh, PC (reprint author), Marsh & Associates, 5016 South Ash Ave,Suite 108, Tempe, AZ 85282 USA.
EM fish.dr@nativefishlab.net
FU U.S. Geological Survey Biological Resources Division [00CRAG004,
0004CS003]
FX J. Haegel (nee Carpenter; United States Geological Survey-USGS), D.
Thornbrugh, R. Colvin, and C.O. Minckley (United States Fish and
Wildlife Service-USFWS), J. Milosovitch (California Department of Fish
and Game), and J. D. Schooley (Arizona State University-ASU; now with
Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation) provided additional field
assistance. B. R. Kesner (ASU, now with Marsh & Associates) evaluated
point sample data; Schooley performed preliminary analysis of
directional data; and Thornbrugh implemented the ArcView project to
visualize the directional data. K. Bovee (USGS) provided the map
presented as Figure 1. R. W. Clarkson (United States Bureau of
Reclamation), T. E. Dowling (ASU), and C.O. Minckley (USFWS, retired)
reviewed and improved the draft manuscript, as did 2 anonymous referees
and associate editor Chris A. Walser. This work was performed under ASU
Animal Use and Care Protocol No. 05-767R. Appropriate Arizona,
California, and USFWS permits authorized collections and research
activities. Cibola National Wildlife Refuge provided hospitality,
lodging, and equipment storage. U.S. Geological Survey Biological
Resources Division provided funding through Cooperative Agreement No.
00CRAG004 Project Award No. 0004CS003 to PCM while he was at ASU.
NR 29
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PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
EI 1944-8341
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 73
IS 2
BP 211
EP 218
DI 10.3398/064.073.0210
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM6GB
UT WOS:000339960300009
ER
PT J
AU Camp, RJ
Hagan, M
Boarman, WI
Collis, SJ
Deal, WS
AF Camp, Richard J.
Hagan, Mark
Boarman, William I.
Collis, Shannon J.
Deal, Wanda S.
TI CATCHING LARGE GROUPS OF RAVENS: A NOTE ON PROCEDURES USING ROCKET NETS
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID COMMON RAVEN; DESERT TORTOISES; POPULATION; PREDATION
AB Capturing Common Ravens (Corvus corax) is very difficult. Several methods are currently used, but none effectively catch large numbers (>25 birds) of ravens at one time. Efficient capture of large numbers of ravens is needed for some autecology studies. We describe and evaluate the effectiveness of using a prebaited rocket net trapping method for simultaneously capturing large numbers of ravens. The study sites were within 2 landfills in California's Mojave Desert, one at Edwards Air Force Base and the other at Fort Irwin National Training Center. We captured 283 ravens on 5 trapping occasions between 1995 and 1997, with an average of 57 birds per trapping occasion. We observed greater numbers of ravens at the bait sites with increasing bait duration, and these numbers appeared to level off after 25 to 30 days of baiting. Longer bait durations may habituate ravens to the resource and compensate for their wariness, which could increase capture success. More than half of the ravens captured (55%) were adults, and subadults composed the remaining age class (42%). Only 3% of the ravens captured were hatch-year birds, a result of trapping early in the breeding season. Using rocket nets is a safe and effective method to capture large numbers of ravens.
C1 [Camp, Richard J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fishery & Wildlife Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hagan, Mark; Deal, Wanda S.] Environm Management, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
[Boarman, William I.; Collis, Shannon J.] USGS, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92123 USA.
[Camp, Richard J.] Univ Hawaii Hilo, Hawaii Natl Pk, Hawaii Cooperat Studies Unit, Hilo, HI 96718 USA.
RP Camp, RJ (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Hilo, Hawaii Natl Pk, Hawaii Cooperat Studies Unit, Hilo, HI 96718 USA.
EM rcamp@usgs.gov
OI Camp, Richard/0000-0001-7008-923X
FU U.S. Air Force, Edwards Air Force Base; U.S. Army, National Training
Center, Fort Irwin; Edwards Air Force Base; Fort Irwin National Training
Center
FX This project was supported with funds from the U.S. Air Force, Edwards
Air Force Base, and the U.S. Army, National Training Center, Fort Irwin.
Institutional support and logistical assistance were provided by Edwards
Air Force Base and Fort Irwin National Training Center. Edwards Air
Force Base and Fort Irwin National Training Center Explosive Ordinance
Device personnel handled all rocket ordinances. Tracy Bailey, Glen
Goodlett, Paul Hamilton, Mark Pavelka, Clark Winchell, and many other
volunteers helped handle and process captured ravens. This manuscript
was improved by the comments of Doug Chamblin, Bill Kristan, Karen
Phillips, Sara Schweitzer, Bill Webb, Julie Yee, and 2 anonymous re
viewers. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 18
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PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
EI 1944-8341
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 73
IS 2
BP 248
EP 253
DI 10.3398/064.073.0217
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM6GB
UT WOS:000339960300016
ER
PT J
AU Arismendi, I
Safeeq, M
Johnson, SL
Dunham, JB
Haggerty, R
AF Arismendi, Ivan
Safeeq, Mohammad
Johnson, Sherri L.
Dunham, Jason B.
Haggerty, Roy
TI Increasing synchrony of high temperature and low flow in western North
American streams: double trouble for coldwater biota?
SO HYDROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Freshwater ecosystems; Hydrology; Temperature;
Hydroclimatology
ID UNITED-STATES; OREGON; VARIABILITY; POPULATIONS; MORPHOLOGY; HYDROLOGY;
DYNAMICS; DROUGHT; REGIMES; TRENDS
AB Flow and temperature are strongly linked environmental factors driving ecosystem processes in streams. Stream temperature maxima (T (max_w)) and stream flow minima (Q (min)) can create periods of stress for aquatic organisms. In mountainous areas, such as western North America, recent shifts toward an earlier spring peak flow and decreases in low flow during summer/fall have been reported. We hypothesized that an earlier peak flow could be shifting the timing of low flow and leading to a decrease in the interval between T (max_w) and Q (min). We also examined if years with extreme low Q (min) were associated with years of extreme high T (max_w). We tested these hypotheses using long-term data from 22 minimally human-influenced streams for the period 1950-2010. We found trends toward a shorter time lag between T (max_w) and Q (min) over time and a strong negative association between their magnitudes. Our findings show that aquatic biota may be increasingly experiencing narrower time windows to recover or adapt between these extreme events of low flow and high temperature. This study highlights the importance of evaluating multiple environmental drivers to better gage the effects of the recent climate variability in freshwaters.
C1 [Arismendi, Ivan; Safeeq, Mohammad; Haggerty, Roy] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Johnson, Sherri L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Dunham, Jason B.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Arismendi, I (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM ivan.arismendi@oregonstate.edu
RI Haggerty, Roy/A-5863-2009; Arismendi, Ivan/B-3144-2010
OI Arismendi, Ivan/0000-0002-8774-9350
FU US Geological Survey; US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research
Station; Oregon State University
FX Brooke Penaluna, Tim D. Mayer, two anonymous referees, and the
associated editor provided comments on the manuscript. Financial support
was provided by US Geological Survey, the US Forest Service Pacific
Northwest Research Station and Oregon State University. Use of firm or
trade names is for reader information only and does not imply
endorsement of any product or service by the U.S. Government.
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0018-8158
J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA
JI Hydrobiologia
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 712
IS 1
BP 61
EP 70
DI 10.1007/s10750-012-1327-2
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 142IM
UT WOS:000318790800005
ER
PT J
AU Dettweiler-Robinson, E
Bakker, JD
Grace, JB
AF Dettweiler-Robinson, E.
Bakker, J. D.
Grace, J. B.
TI Controls of biological soil crust cover and composition shift with
succession in sagebrush shrub-steppe
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bromus tectorum; Columbia Basin; Community succession; Indicator Species
Analysis; Structural equation modeling
ID STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELS; 2 ANNUAL GRASSES; BROMUS-TECTORUM;
PLANT-COMMUNITIES; CHEATGRASS; FIRE; RECOVERY; LICHEN; BASIN;
DISTURBANCE
AB Successional stage may determine strength and causal direction of interactions among abiotic and biotic factors; e.g., species that facilitate the establishment of other species may later compete with them. We evaluated multivariate hypotheses about abiotic and biotic factors shaping biological soil crusts (BSCs) in early and late successional stages. We surveyed vegetation and BSC in the shrub-steppe ecosystem of the Columbia Basin. We analyzed the relationships with bryophyte and lichen covers using structural equation models, and analyzed the relationships with BSC composition using Indicator Species Analysis and distance-based linear models. Cover, indicator species, and composition varied with successional stage. Increasing elevation and bryophyte cover had higher lichen cover early in succession; these relationships were negative in the later successional stage. Lichen cover did not appear to impede B. tectorum cover, but B. tectorum appeared to strongly negatively affect lichen cover in both stages. Biological soil crust composition varied with bunchgrass cover in the early successional stage, but with elevation and B. tectorum cover later in succession. Our findings support the hypotheses that as succession progresses, the strength and direction of certain community interactions shift, and B. tectorum leads to reductions in biological soil crust cover regardless of successional stage. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dettweiler-Robinson, E.; Bakker, J. D.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Grace, J. B.] US Geol Survey, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Dettweiler-Robinson, E (reprint author), 1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, MSC03 2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM evadr@unm.edu
RI Bakker, Jonathan/I-6960-2013
FU Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP 08-1-5-20]; USGS
FX G. Matt Davies assisted with the design of the study and with vegetation
surveys. Katherine Glew, Roger Rosentreter, Heather Root, Jeanne
Ponzetti, and Terry McIntosh assisted with lichen and bryophyte
identification. Heidi Newsome and staff at U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service Hanford Reach National Monument and Barbara Benner and staff at
the U.S. Bureau of Land Management provided site history and other
assistance relating to the study sites. We thank the private landowners
who allowed access to their property. Jean Caldwell assisted with GIS
analysis. Scott Batiuk assisted with field work. We thank the reviewers
of the manuscript, including Matthew Bowker and Matthew Whalen, as well
as D.A. Ravetta and David Eldridge for valuable feedback on earlier
versions of the manuscript. Funding was provided by the Joint Fire
Science Program under Project JFSP 08-1-5-20. Support for Jim Grace
provided by the USGS Ecosystems and Climate Change Programs. The use of
trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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U2 57
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
EI 1095-922X
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 96
EP 104
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.01.013
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 143AG
UT WOS:000318838100012
ER
PT J
AU Andersen, DC
Nelson, SM
AF Andersen, D. C.
Nelson, S. M.
TI Floral ecology and insect visitation in riparian Tamarix sp (saltcedar)
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coniatus splendidulus; Desert riparian; Flowers; Ground water depth; Las
Vegas Wash; Nectar; Pollination; Saltcedar; Soil moisture; Tamarix
ramosissima
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; TREES; RIVER; FLOWERS; PHENOLOGY; ABUNDANCE; HABITATS;
ARIZONA; DROUGHT; NECTAR
AB Climate change projections for semiarid and arid North America include reductions in stream discharge that could adversely affect riparian plant species dependent on stream-derived ground water. In order to better understand this potential impact, we used a space-for-time substitution to test the hypotheses that increasing depth-to-groundwater (DGW) is inversely related to Tamarix sp. (saltcedar) flower abundance (F) and nectar production per flower (N). We also assessed whether DGW affected the richness or abundance of insects visiting flowers. We examined Tamarix floral attributes and insect visitation patterns during 2010 and 2011 at three locations along a deep DWG gradient (3.2-4.1 m) on a floodplain terrace adjacent to Las Vegas Wash, an effluent-dominated Mojave Desert stream. Flower abundance and insect visitation patterns differed between years, but no effect from DGW on either F or N was detected. An eruption of a novel non-native herbivore, the splendid tamarisk weevil (Coniatus splendidulus), likely reduced flower production in 2011. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Andersen, D. C.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Bur Reclamat, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Nelson, S. M.] Bur Reclamat, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Andersen, DC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Bur Reclamat, 86-68220,POB 25007, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM doug_andersen@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Bureau of Reclamation's Science and Technology
Program
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of
Reclamation's Science and Technology Program. Special thanks to Jason
Eckberg and the Southern Nevada Water Authority for assistance in well
installation. We thank Rick Wydoski for help collecting soil moisture
data, Terry Waddle (USGS Fort Collins Science Center) for the
topographic survey, Virginia Scott (University of Colorado) for
identifying arthropods, and Joan Daniels and the anonymous reviewers for
comments on the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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U1 7
U2 62
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 105
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.03.009
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 143AG
UT WOS:000318838100013
ER
PT J
AU Crowe, DE
Longshore, KM
AF Crowe, D. E.
Longshore, K. M.
TI Nest site characteristics and nesting success of the Western Burrowing
Owl in the eastern Mojave Desert
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Athene cunicularia hypugaea; Mojave Desert; Nest site selection; Nesting
success; Nevada; Western Burrowing Owl
ID DETECTION PROBABILITY; CUNICULARIA HYPUGAEA; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS;
ATHENE-CUNICULARIA; HABITAT USE; SELECTION; SASKATCHEWAN; PATTERNS;
ECOLOGY; BASIN
AB We evaluated nest site selection at two spatial scales (microsite, territory) and reproductive success of Western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) at three spatial scales (microsite, territory, landscape) in the eastern Mojave Desert. We used binary logistic regression within an information-theoretic approach to assess factors influencing nest site choice and nesting success. Microsite-scale variables favored by owls included burrows excavated by desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii), burrows with a large mound of excavated soil at the entrance, and a greater number of satellite burrows within 5 m of the nest burrow. At the territory scale, owls preferred patches with greater cover of creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) within 50 m of the nest burrow. An interaction between the presence or absence of a calcic soil horizon layer over the top of the burrow (microsite) and the number of burrows within 50 m (territory) influenced nest site choice. Nesting success was influenced by a greater number of burrows within 5 m of the nest burrow. Total cool season precipitation was a predictor of nesting success at the landscape scale. Conservation strategies can rely on management of habitat for favored and productive nesting sites for this declining species. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Crowe, D. E.] Univ Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
[Longshore, K. M.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
RP Longshore, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 160 N Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
EM longshore@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX Funding and logistical support for this work was provided by the U.S.
Geological Survey. We wish to thank the Natural Resource staff at Lake
Mead National Recreation Area, particularly M. Sappington and M. Boyles.
We also thank J. Barangan, J. Provencal, and S. Crowe for dedicated
field assistance during this project. An earlier draft of this
manuscript benefited from comments by B. Kus, J. Fleskes, J. Yee, and
two anonymous reviewers. The use of trade, product, or firm names in
this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 50
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U1 2
U2 46
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
EI 1095-922X
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 113
EP 120
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.03.004
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 143AG
UT WOS:000318838100014
ER
PT J
AU Fischer, JR
Krogman, RM
Quist, MC
AF Fischer, Jesse R.
Krogman, Rebecca M.
Quist, Michael C.
TI Influences of native and non-native benthivorous fishes on aquatic
ecosystem degradation
SO HYDROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Aquatic macrophytes; Benthic macroinvertebrates; Black bullhead; Common
carp; Water quality
ID CARP CYPRINUS-CARPIO; AGRICULTURALLY EUTROPHIC LAKES; BULLHEAD
AMEIURUS-MELAS; COMMON CARP; WATER-QUALITY; POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS;
PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; SHALLOW LAKES; MACROPHYTES
AB Invasive common carp Cyprinus carpio has long been identified as a contributor to water quality deterioration, disrupted ecosystem processes, and shifts in biological assemblage structure. In contrast, little information is available regarding the effects of native benthivorous species on aquatic systems despite their functional similarity to common carp. Effects of common carp and the native black bullhead Ameiurus melas on sediment resuspension, nutrient concentrations, macrophytes, and assemblage structure of zooplankton and macroinvertebrates, were experimentally evaluated. We observed decreased water clarity, increased nutrient concentrations, decreased macrophyte biomass, and decreased benthic macroinvertebrate abundance and biomass associated with common carp, regardless of the presence of black bullhead. In contrast, black bullhead increased total phosphorus, and chlorophyll a concentrations and copepod abundance, but had little or no effect on other measured water quality and biological variables when compared to control conditions. Overall, experimental results suggest that although black bullhead tend to be tolerant of degraded ecosystems, they are not a source of physical changes to the environment known to be responsible for perpetuating degraded water quality (e.g., stable state shifts). Therefore, increased abundance of native species, such as black bullhead, following the invasion of common carp, may serve as an indicator of ecological conditions and should not to be assumed as causative.
C1 [Fischer, Jesse R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Krogman, Rebecca M.] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Fisheries Div Sacramento, Sacramento, CA 95811 USA.
[Quist, Michael C.] Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Fischer, JR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM fischer@iastate.edu
RI Gebauer, Radek/G-6749-2015
FU Iowa State University, Iowa Department of Natural Resources; Idaho
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; University of Idaho; U.S.
Geological Survey; Idaho Department of Fish and Game; Wildlife
Management Institute
FX The authors thank S. Bisping, L. Brown, R. Clayton, M. Dzul, C. Hinz, N.
Howell, N. Johnson, M. Mork, J. Morris, C. Smith, and J. Spiegel for
their assistance with the project. The authors also thank M. Colvin, C.
Paukert, S. Diehl, K. Kovalenko, and five anonymous reviewers for
providing useful comments and advice on previous manuscript versions.
This project was supported, in part, by Iowa State University, Iowa
Department of Natural Resources, and Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit. The Unit is jointly sponsored by the University of Idaho,
U.S. Geological Survey, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and Wildlife
Management Institute. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 59
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U1 2
U2 89
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0018-8158
J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA
JI Hydrobiologia
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 711
IS 1
BP 187
EP 199
DI 10.1007/s10750-013-1483-z
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 135IG
UT WOS:000318281200016
ER
PT J
AU Conko, KM
Landa, ER
Kolker, A
Kozlov, K
Gibb, HJ
Centeno, JA
Panov, BS
Panov, YB
AF Conko, Kathryn M.
Landa, Edward R.
Kolker, Allan
Kozlov, Kostiantyn
Gibb, Herman J.
Centeno, Jose A.
Panov, Boris S.
Panov, Yuri B.
TI Arsenic and Mercury in the Soils of an Industrial City in the Donets
Basin, Ukraine
SO SOIL & SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Arsenic; mercury; soil; house dust; Ukraine; extractable fraction; trace
elements
ID SEDIMENTS; EXPOSURE; BIOMARKERS; URBAN; WATER; DUST; MINE; CHILDREN;
ELEMENTS; METALS
AB Soil and house dust collected in and around Hg mines and a processing facility in Horlivka, a mid-sized city in the Donets Basin of southeastern Ukraine, have elevated As and Hg levels. Surface soils collected at a former Hg-processing facility had up to 1300mg kg(1) As and 8800mg kg(1) Hg; 1M HCl extractions showed 7493% of the total As, and 113% of the total Hg to be solubilized, suggesting differential environmental mobility between these elements. In general, lower extractability of As and Hg was seen in soil samples up to 12km from the Hg-processing facility, and the extractable (1M HCl, synthetic precipitation, deionized water) fractions of As are greater than those for Hg, indicating that Hg is present in a more resistant form than As. The means (standard deviation) of total As and Hg in grab samples collected from playgrounds and public spaces within 12km of the industrial facility were 64 (+/- 38) mg kg(1) As and 12 (+/- 9.4) mg kg(1) Hg; all concentrations are elevated compared to regional soils. The mean concentrations of As and Hg in dust from homes in Horlivka were 515times higher than dust from homes in a control city. Estimates of possible exposure to As and Hg through inadvertent soil ingestion are provided.
C1 [Conko, Kathryn M.; Landa, Edward R.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Landa, Edward R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kolker, Allan] US Geol Survey, Eastern Energy Resources Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Kozlov, Kostiantyn] Ukraine Acad Med Sci, Inst Occupat Hlth, Kiev, Ukraine.
[Gibb, Herman J.] Tetra Tech Sci, Arlington, VA USA.
[Centeno, Jose A.] Joint Pathol Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Panov, Boris S.; Panov, Yuri B.] Donetsk Natl Tech Univ, Dept Mineral Deposits & Ecol Geol, Donetsk, Ukraine.
RP Conko, KM (reprint author), USGS, Natl Ctr MS430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM kmconko@usgs.gov
OI Conko, Kathryn/0000-0001-6361-4921
FU U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation [UKG1-2633]
FX This research was supported, in part, by U.S. Civilian Research and
Development Foundation Cooperative Grant UKG1-2633. We would like to
thank Michael Doughten (USGS) for his analytical assistance, and Suzette
Morman and Mark Engle (both from the USGS) for their review of the
manuscript.
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U1 0
U2 22
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1532-0383
J9 SOIL SEDIMENT CONTAM
JI Soil. Sediment. Contam.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 5
BP 574
EP 593
DI 10.1080/15320383.2013.750270
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 136ES
UT WOS:000318345300008
ER
PT J
AU Gu, YX
Wylie, BK
Howard, DM
Phuyal, KP
Ji, L
AF Gu, Yingxin
Wylie, Bruce K.
Howard, Daniel M.
Phuyal, Khem P.
Ji, Lei
TI NDVI saturation adjustment: A new approach for improving cropland
performance estimates in the Greater Platte River Basin, USA
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE eMODIS; Vegetation index; NDVI saturation adjustment; RVI; Ecosystem
productivity; Cropland performance; Greater Platte River Basin
ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; ECOSYSTEM PERFORMANCE; MODIS-NDVI; VEGETATION; WHEAT;
PLAINS; MODELS; FOREST; REFLECTANCE; GRASSLANDS
AB In this study, we developed a new approach that adjusted normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) pixel values that were near saturation to better characterize the cropland performance (CP) in the Greater Platte River Basin (GPRB), USA. The relationship between NDVI and the ratio vegetation index (RVI) at high NDVI values was investigated, and an empirical equation for estimating saturation-adjusted NDVI (NDVIsat-adjust) based on RVI was developed. A 10-year (2000-2009) NDVIsat-adjust data set was developed using 250-m 7-day composite historical eMODIS (expedited Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) NDVI data. The growing season averaged NDVI (GSN), which is a proxy for ecosystem performance, was estimated and long-term NDVI non-saturation- and saturation-adjusted cropland performance (CPnon-sat-adjust, CPsat-adjust) maps were produced over the GPRB. The final CP maps were validated using National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) crop yield data. The relationship between CPsat-adjust and the NASS average corn yield data (r = 0.78, 113 samples) is stronger than the relationship between CPnon-sat-adjust and the NASS average corn yield data (r=0.67, 113 samples), indicating that the new CPsat-adjust map reduces the NDVI saturation effects and is in good agreement with the corn yield ground observations. Results demonstrate that the NDVI saturation adjustment approach improves the quality of the original GSN map and better depicts the actual vegetation conditions of the GPRB cropland systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gu, Yingxin; Ji, Lei] ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Wylie, Bruce K.] USGS EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Howard, Daniel M.; Phuyal, Khem P.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Gu, YX (reprint author), ASRC Res & Technol Solut, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM ygu@usgs.gov
RI Wylie, Bruce/H-3182-2014;
OI Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083; Gu, Yingxin/0000-0002-3544-1856;
Howard, Daniel/0000-0002-7563-7538
FU USGS [G08PC91508, G10PC00044]
FX This work was performed under USGS contracts G08PC91508 and G10PC00044,
and funded by the USGS Geographic Analysis and Monitoring Program in
support of Renewable Energy-Biofuels. The authors thank James Vogelmann,
Thomas Adamson, and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable
suggestions and comments. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 34
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U1 2
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 30
BP 1
EP 6
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.01.041
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 134EB
UT WOS:000318191800001
ER
PT J
AU Sankey, JB
Wallace, CSA
Ravi, S
AF Sankey, Joel B.
Wallace, Cynthia S. A.
Ravi, Sujith
TI Phenology-based, remote sensing of post-burn disturbance windows in
rangelands
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Great Basin; Seeding; Sagebrush steppe; MODIS; AVHRR; Fourier;
Harmonics; Erosion; Artemisia
ID NDVI TIME-SERIES; MODIS-EVI DATA; FOURIER-ANALYSIS; VEGETATION RECOVERY;
SOIL STABILITY; GREAT-BASIN; WILDFIRE; FIRE; USA; CLIMATE
AB Wildland fire activity has increased in many parts of the world in recent decades. Ecological disturbance by fire can accelerate ecosystem degradation processes such as erosion due to combustion of vegetation that otherwise provides protective cover to the soil surface. This study employed a novel ecological indicator based on remote sensing of vegetation greenness dynamics (phenology) to estimate variability in the window of time between fire and the reemergence of green vegetation. The indicator was applied as a proxy for short-term, post-fire disturbance windows in rangelands: where a disturbance window is defined as the time required for an ecological or geomorphic process that is altered to return to pre-disturbance levels. We examined variability in the indicator determined for time series of MODIS and AVHRR NDVI remote sensing data for a database of similar to 100 historical wildland fires, with associated post-fire reseeding treatments, that burned 1990-2003 in cold desert shrub steppe of the Great Basin and Columbia Plateau of the western USA. The indicator-based estimates of disturbance window length were examined relative to the day of the year that fires burned and seeding treatments to consider effects of contemporary variability in fire regime and management activities in this environment. A key finding was that contemporary changes of increased length of the annual fire season could have indirect effects on ecosystem degradation, as early season fires appeared to result in longer time that soils remained relatively bare of the protective cover of vegetation after fires. Also important was that reemergence of vegetation did not occur more quickly after fire in sites treated with post-fire seeding, which is a strategy commonly employed to accelerate post-fire vegetation recovery and stabilize soil. Future work with the indicator could examine other ecological factors that are dynamic in space and time following disturbance - such as nutrient cycling, carbon storage, microbial community composition, or soil hydrology - as a function of disturbance windows, possibly using simulation modeling and historical wildfire information. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Sankey, Joel B.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Sankey, Joel B.] USA, Natl Phenol Network, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Wallace, Cynthia S. A.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Ravi, Sujith] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM jsankey@usgs.gov
RI Ravi, Sujith/C-3586-2008
OI Ravi, Sujith/0000-0002-0425-9373
FU U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Fellowship
FX This research was supported by a U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall
Fellowship (Joel Sankey). The authors thank Matthew Bowker, David
Pilliod, and David Pyke for providing helpful comments on this
manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this paper is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 30
BP 35
EP 44
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.02.004
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 134EB
UT WOS:000318191800006
ER
PT J
AU Grady, AE
Moore, LJ
Storlazzi, CD
Elias, E
Reidenbach, MA
AF Grady, A. E.
Moore, L. J.
Storlazzi, C. D.
Elias, E.
Reidenbach, M. A.
TI The influence of sea level rise and changes in fringing reef morphology
on gradients in alongshore sediment transport
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE coastal change; coral reefs; sediment transport; process-based modeling
ID CORAL-REEF; SOUTHERN MOLOKAI; HAWAII; VALIDATION; FLATS; MODEL
AB [1] Climate-change-induced alterations to coral reef ecosystems, in combination with sea level rise, have the potential to significantly alter wave dissipation across reefs, leading to shifts in alongshore sediment transport gradients and alterations to tropical coastlines. We used Delft3D to model schematized profiles of two reef flat widths based on the south Molokai, Hawaii coast. Simulated anthropogenic modifications include incremental degradation of the reef structure as well as sea level rise. Our findings indicate that sea level rise has a greater relative effect on wave energy flux and alongshore sediment transport over a wide flat, whereas both reef degradation and sea level rise exert similar influence over a narrow flat. These results suggest reefs that vary in width alongshore are more likely to experience changes in alongshore sediment transport gradients, and therefore shifts in shoreline erosion and accretion patterns, than more uniform reef systems.
C1 [Grady, A. E.; Reidenbach, M. A.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Moore, L. J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Storlazzi, C. D.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Elias, E.] Deltares, Delft, Netherlands.
RP Grady, AE (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Clark Hall,291 McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM aeg4q@virginia.edu
FU NSF GRFP, NSF CAREER Program [1151314]; Virginia Space Grant Consortium
GRFP; UNC-Chapel Hill
FX We thank M. T. O'Connell for invaluable technical assistance. This work
was supported by the NSF GRFP, NSF CAREER Program (grant 1151314), the
Virginia Space Grant Consortium GRFP, and UNC-Chapel Hill.
NR 28
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U1 4
U2 40
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUN 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 12
BP 3096
EP 3101
DI 10.1002/grl.50577
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 185FJ
UT WOS:000321951300039
ER
PT J
AU Shope, CL
Bartsch, S
Kim, K
Kim, B
Tenhunen, J
Peiffer, S
Park, JH
Ok, YS
Fleckenstein, J
Koellner, T
AF Shope, Christopher L.
Bartsch, Svenja
Kim, Kiyong
Kim, Bomchul
Tenhunen, John
Peiffer, Stefan
Park, Ji-Hyung
Ok, Yong Sik
Fleckenstein, Jan
Koellner, Thomas
TI A weighted, multi-method approach for accurate basin-wide streamflow
estimation in an ungauged watershed
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE TERRECO; Korea; Discharge; Baseflow; Topography; River
ID RIVER DISCHARGE; PART II; RUNOFF; FLOW; REGIONALIZATION; BIOCHAR; SHELL;
SOIL
AB River discharge is a commonly measured hydrologic variable; however, estimate uncertainty is often higher than acceptable limits. To quantify method limitations and spatiotemporal variability, a multiyear hydrologic flow partitioning investigation was completed under monsoonal conditions in the ungauged complex terrain of the Haean Catchment, South Korea. Our results indicate that sediment transport from a single annual monsoonal event can significantly modify the channel cross-sectional area resulting in inaccurate stage-discharge rating curves. We compare six discharge measurement methods at 13 locations that vary in slope from 1% to 80%, with discharge ranging up to four orders in magnitude, which enabled us to weight the accuracy of each method over a specific range in discharge. The most accurate discharge estimation methods are the weir, the acoustic Doppler current profiler, and the in-stream velocity area method; however, under certain conditions each of these methods is less desirable than other methods. The uncertainty in the three methods is on average 0.4%, 4.7%, and 6.1% of the total discharge, respectively. The accuracy of the discharge estimates has a direct influence on the characterization of basin-wide hydrologic partitioning, which can lead to significant variability in sediment erosion rates and nutrient fate and transport. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Shope, Christopher L.; Bartsch, Svenja; Kim, Kiyong; Peiffer, Stefan] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Hydrol, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
[Kim, Bomchul] Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Chunchon 200701, South Korea.
[Tenhunen, John] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Plant Ecol, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
[Park, Ji-Hyung] Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Seoul 120750, South Korea.
[Ok, Yong Sik] Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Environm Biol, Chunchon 200701, South Korea.
[Fleckenstein, Jan] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Hydrogeol, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
[Koellner, Thomas] Univ Bayreuth, Professorship Ecol Serv, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
RP Shope, CL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Utah Water Sci Ctr, 2329 W Orton Circle, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
EM cshope@usgs.gov
RI Koellner, Thomas/B-8286-2008; Shope, Christopher/A-2931-2013;
Fleckenstein, Jan/B-1382-2014; peiffer, stefan/C-3759-2012;
OI Koellner, Thomas/0000-0001-5022-027X; Shope,
Christopher/0000-0003-3277-0811; Fleckenstein, Jan/0000-0001-7213-9448;
peiffer, stefan/0000-0002-8326-0240; Ok, Yong Sik/0000-0003-3401-0912
FU Interdisciplinary Research Project TERRECO; German Research Foundation
(DFG) at the University of Bayreuth
FX Support from the Interdisciplinary Research Project TERRECO funded by
the German Research Foundation (DFG) at the University of Bayreuth is
greatly acknowledged. We appreciate the field assistance provided by
Jaesung Eum, Axel Muller, and the students of the TERRECO International
Research and Training Group. The isotope abundance analysis and
contributions of the BayCEER Laboratory of Isotope Biogeochemistry at
the University of Bayreuth is greatly appreciated. This manuscript was
substantially improved by the technical review and contributions of the
editor, Geoff Syme, two anonymous reviewers, and Jeanne Riley.
NR 28
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U1 1
U2 40
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD JUN 28
PY 2013
VL 494
BP 72
EP 82
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.04.035
PG 11
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 178RX
UT WOS:000321466200007
ER
PT J
AU Rogers, CS
Miller, J
AF Rogers, Caroline S.
Miller, Jeff
TI Coral Diseases Cause Reef Decline
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
ID RESILIENCE; RECOVERY
C1 [Rogers, Caroline S.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, St John, VI 00830 USA.
[Miller, Jeff] Natl Pk Serv, SF CN Inventory & Monitoring Network, St John, VI 00830 USA.
RP Rogers, CS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, St John, VI 00830 USA.
EM caroline_rogers@usgs.gov
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 75
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUN 28
PY 2013
VL 340
IS 6140
BP 1522
EP 1522
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 172ME
UT WOS:000321007000015
PM 23812698
ER
PT J
AU Belnap, J
AF Belnap, Jayne
TI Some Like It Hot, Some Not
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MICROBIAL BIOGEOGRAPHY
C1 US Geol Survey, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
RP Belnap, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2290 South Resource Blvd, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
EM jayne_belnap@usgs.gov
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 54
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUN 28
PY 2013
VL 340
IS 6140
BP 1533
EP 1534
DI 10.1126/science.1240318
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 172ME
UT WOS:000321007000026
PM 23812706
ER
PT J
AU Fee, D
Waxler, R
Assink, J
Gitterman, Y
Given, J
Coyne, J
Mialle, P
Garces, M
Drob, D
Kleinert, D
Hofstetter, R
Grenard, P
AF Fee, David
Waxler, Roger
Assink, Jelle
Gitterman, Yefim
Given, Jeffrey
Coyne, John
Mialle, Pierrick
Garces, Milton
Drob, Douglas
Kleinert, Dan
Hofstetter, Rami
Grenard, Patrick
TI Overview of the 2009 and 2011 Sayarim Infrasound Calibration Experiments
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE infrasound; ctbto; acoustic propagation; explosion
ID UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; PROPAGATION; TEMPERATURE; PREDICTION; LOCATION
AB Three large-scale infrasound calibration experiments were conducted in 2009 and 2011 to test the International Monitoring System (IMS) infrasound network and provide ground truth data for infrasound propagation studies. Here we provide an overview of the deployment, detonation, atmospheric specifications, infrasound array observations, and propagation modeling for the experiments. The experiments at the Sayarim Military Range, Israel, had equivalent TNT yields of 96.0, 7.4, and 76.8 t of explosives on 26 August 2009, 24 January 2011, and 26 January 2011, respectively. Successful international collaboration resulted in the deployment of numerous portable infrasound arrays in the region to supplement the IMS network and increase station density. Infrasound from the detonations is detected out to similar to 3500km to the northwest in 2009 and similar to 6300km to the northeast in 2011, reflecting the highly anisotropic nature of long-range infrasound propagation. For 2009, the moderately strong stratospheric wind jet results in a well-predicted set of arrivals at numerous arrays to the west-northwest. A second set of arrivals is also apparent, with low celerities and high frequencies. These arrivals are not predicted by the propagation modeling and result from unresolved atmospheric features. Strong eastward tropospheric winds (up to similar to 70m/s) in 2011 produce high-amplitude tropospheric arrivals recorded out to >1000km to the east. Significant eastward stratospheric winds (up to similar to 80m/s) in 2011 generate numerous stratospheric arrivals and permit the long-range detection (i.e., >1000km). No detections are made in directions opposite the tropospheric and stratospheric wind jets for any of the explosions. Comparison of predicted transmission loss and observed infrasound arrivals gives qualitative agreement. Propagation modeling for the 2011 experiments predicts lower transmission loss in the direction of the downwind propagation compared to the 2009 experiment, consistent with the greater detection distance. Observations also suggest a more northerly component to the stratospheric winds for the 2009 experiment and less upper atmosphere attenuation. The Sayarim infrasound calibration experiments clearly demonstrate the complexity and variability of the atmosphere, and underscore the utility of large-scale calibration experiments with dense networks for better understanding infrasound propagation and detection. Additionally, they provide a rich data set for future scientific research.
C1 [Fee, David] Univ Alaska, Wilson Infrasound Observ, Alaska Volcano Observ, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Waxler, Roger; Assink, Jelle; Kleinert, Dan] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Phys Acoust, University, MS 38677 USA.
[Gitterman, Yefim; Hofstetter, Rami] Geophys Inst Israel, Seismol Div, IL-71100 Lod, Israel.
[Given, Jeffrey; Coyne, John; Mialle, Pierrick] CTBTO, Int Data Ctr, Vienna, Austria.
[Garces, Milton] Univ Hawaii Manoa, SOEST, HIGP, Infrasound Lab, Manoa, HI USA.
[Drob, Douglas] Naval Res Lab, Upper Atmospher Modeling Sect, Washington, DC USA.
[Grenard, Patrick] CTBTO, Int Monitoring Syst Div, Vienna, Austria.
RP Fee, D (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Wilson Infrasound Observ, Alaska Volcano Observ, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
EM dfee@gi.alaska.edu
RI Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014
OI Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740
FU Israel Ministry of Immigrant Absorption; U.S. Army Space and Missile
Defense Command [W9113M-06-C-0029]
FX Many organizations and persons participated in the preparation of
Sayarim calibration explosions, near-source measurements, and data
processing. High-quality explosives in convenient packages were supplied
by IMI Ltd. (I. Veksler) for the 2009 experiment and by EMI Ltd. (Dr. D.
Hershkovich) for the 2011 experiment. Elita Security Ltd. (S. Kobi)
assembled the 2009 charge with maximal concentration of explosives. The
IDF Experiment Division (E. Stempler, Y. Hamshidyan) provided
appropriate territory, logistics, and near-source measurements and
assembled the 2011 ANFO charges with the optimal initiation/detonation
scheme. GII personnel helped in logistics procedures, preparation and
deployment of numerous near-source local observation systems, and data
processing (U. Peled, N. Perelman V. Giller, A. Schwartzburg). Research
work of one of the authors (Y.G.) was supported by the Israel Ministry
of Immigrant Absorption. The MERRA/GEOS-5 data utilized in the G2S
atmospheric specifications were provided by the Global Modeling and
Assimilation Office (GMAO) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center through
the online data portal in the NASA Center for Climate Simulation. The
NOAA GFS, also utilized in the G2S specifications, was obtained from
NOAA's National Operational Model Archive and Distribution System
(NOMADS), which is maintained at NOAA's National Climatic Data Center
(NCDC). ECWMF specifications were provided by Laslo Evers. This
publication was made possible through support provided by U.S. Army
Space and Missile Defense Command under Contract No. W9113M-06-C-0029.
The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense
Command. The manuscript was substantially improved by reviews from David
Green, Laslo Evers, and an anonymous reviewer. Distribution Statement A:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
NR 56
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUN 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 12
BP 6122
EP 6143
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50398
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 187OY
UT WOS:000322129600015
ER
PT J
AU Guerreiro, I
Nunes, A
Woltering, JM
Casaca, A
Novoa, A
Vinagre, T
Hunter, ME
Duboule, D
Mallo, M
AF Guerreiro, Isabel
Nunes, Andreia
Woltering, Joost M.
Casaca, Ana
Novoa, Ana
Vinagre, Tania
Hunter, Margaret E.
Duboule, Denis
Mallo, Moises
TI Role of a polymorphism in a Hox/Pax-responsive enhancer in the evolution
of the vertebrate spine
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE axial skeleton; gene regulation; vertebrate patterning
ID HOX GENES; PROGENITOR CELLS; MYF5 EXPRESSION; BODY PLAN; MUSCLE;
ACTIVATION; PROTEINS; MESODERM; SKELETON; ELEMENTS
AB Patterning of the vertebrate skeleton requires the coordinated activity of Hox genes. In particular, Hox10 proteins are essential to set the transition from thoracic to lumbar vertebrae because of their rib-repressing activity. In snakes, however, the thoracic region extends well into Hox10-expressing areas of the embryo, suggesting that these proteins are unable to block rib formation. Here, we show that this is not a result of the loss of rib-repressing properties by the snake proteins, but rather to a single base pair change in a Hox/Paired box (Pax)-responsive enhancer, which prevents the binding of Hox proteins. This polymorphism is also found in Paenungulata, such as elephants and manatees, which have extended rib cages. In vivo, this modified enhancer failed to respond to Hox10 activity, supporting its role in the extension of rib cages. In contrast, the enhancer could still interact with Hoxb6 and Pax3 to promote rib formation. These results suggest that a polymorphism in the Hox/Pax-responsive enhancer may have played a role in the evolution of the vertebrate spine by differently modulating its response to rib-suppressing and rib-promoting Hox proteins.
C1 [Guerreiro, Isabel; Nunes, Andreia; Casaca, Ana; Novoa, Ana; Vinagre, Tania; Mallo, Moises] Inst Gulbenkian Ciencias, P-2780156 Oeiras, Portugal.
[Guerreiro, Isabel; Woltering, Joost M.; Duboule, Denis] Univ Geneva, Dept Genet & Evolut, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
[Hunter, Margaret E.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Duboule, Denis] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Sch Life Sci, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Mallo, Moises] Univ Lisbon, Fac Med, Dept Histol & Embryol, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal.
RP Mallo, M (reprint author), Inst Gulbenkian Ciencias, P-2780156 Oeiras, Portugal.
EM mallo@igc.gulbenkian.pt
RI Mallo, Moises/D-5907-2016;
OI Mallo, Moises/0000-0002-9744-0912; Casaca, Ana/0000-0002-0706-8038;
Guerreiro, Isabel/0000-0003-1390-3535
FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [PTDC/SAU-BID/110640/2009,
PTDC/BIA-BCM/110638/2009]; Swiss National Research Foundation; European
Research Council
FX We thank Jaime Carvajal and Peter Rigby for 195AP/Z BAC and help with
recombineering techniques; and Elio Sucena, Patricia Beldade, Christen
Mirth, and members of the M. M. laboratory for comments on the
manuscript. This work was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a
Tecnologia, Grants PTDC/SAU-BID/110640/2009 and PTDC/BIA-BCM/110638/2009
(to M. M.) and by the Swiss National Research Foundation and the
European Research Council (D. D.). Any use of trade, product or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. government.
NR 25
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 24
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUN 25
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 26
BP 10682
EP 10686
DI 10.1073/pnas.1300592110
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 179EY
UT WOS:000321503700056
PM 23674686
ER
PT J
AU Underwood, JG
Silbernagle, M
Nishimoto, M
Uyehara, K
AF Underwood, Jared G.
Silbernagle, Mike
Nishimoto, Mike
Uyehara, Kim
TI Managing Conservation Reliant Species: Hawai'i's Endangered Endemic
Waterbirds
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
AB Hawai'I's coastal plain wetlands are inhabited by five endangered endemic waterbird species. These include the Hawaiian Coot ('alae ke'oke'o), Hawaiian Duck (koloa maoli), Hawaiian Stilt (ae'o), Hawaiian Gallinule (Moorhen) ('alae 'ula), and Hawaiian Goose (nene). All five species are categorized as being "conservation reliant." The current strategy to recover these endangered birds includes land protection and active management of wetlands. To assess the effectiveness of the current management paradigm, we compared species population trends across the state to those on six actively managed wetland national wildlife refuges (Refuges) thought to be critical for the survival of these endangered species. To perform the evaluation we relied on systematic semiannual population counts that have been conducted across most wetlands in the state and monthly population counts that have occurred on Refuges during the same time period. We found that statewide and Refuge populations of the Hawaiian Coot, Stilt and Gallinule have rebounded from historic lows and over the last 20 years have slowly increased or remained stable. We also documented that Refuges are important to each species year-round and that a disproportionately larger percentage of the population for each species is found on them. Understanding of why Refuges successfully house a disproportionate percentage of these "conservation reliant" species can inform current and future conservation efforts as well as ensure long-term population viability for these species.
C1 [Underwood, Jared G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Silbernagle, Mike] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Haleiwa, HI USA.
[Nishimoto, Mike] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kihei, HI USA.
[Uyehara, Kim] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kilauea, HI USA.
RP Underwood, JG (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pacific Reefs Natl Wildlife Refuge Complex, Honolulu, HI USA.
EM Jared_Underwood@fws.gov
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 10
U2 61
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUN 25
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 6
AR e67872
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0067872
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 175IB
UT WOS:000321223000121
PM 23825687
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, PD
Bogan, AE
Brown, KM
Burkhead, NM
Cordeiro, JR
Garner, JT
Hartfield, PD
Lepitzki, DAW
Mackie, GL
Pip, E
Tarpley, TA
Tiemann, JS
Whelan, NV
Strong, EE
AF Johnson, Paul D.
Bogan, Arthur E.
Brown, Kenneth M.
Burkhead, Noel M.
Cordeiro, James R.
Garner, Jeffrey T.
Hartfield, Paul D.
Lepitzki, Dwayne A. W.
Mackie, Gerry L.
Pip, Eva
Tarpley, Thomas A.
Tiemann, Jeremy S.
Whelan, Nathan V.
Strong, Ellen E.
TI Conservation Status of Freshwater Gastropods of Canada and the United
States
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Review
ID SUBTROPICAL SNAILS PROSOBRANCHIA; LIFE-HISTORY;
PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; PHYSIDAE GASTROPODA;
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; EXTINCTION RATES; APPLE SNAIL; RIVER-BASIN; FISHES
AB This is the first American Fisheries Society conservation assessment of freshwater gastropods (snails) from Canada and the United States by the Gastropod Subcommittee (Endangered Species Committee). This review covers 703 species representing 16 families and 93 genera, of which 67 species are considered extinct, or possibly extinct, 278 are endangered, 102 are threatened, 73 are vulnerable, 157 are currently stable, and 26 species have uncertain taxonomic status. Of the entire fauna, 74% of gastropods are imperiled (vulnerable, threatened, endangered) or extinct, which exceeds imperilment levels in fishes (39%) and crayfishes (48%) but is similar to that of mussels (72%). Comparison of modern to background extinction rates reveals that gastropods have the highest modern extinction rate yet observed, 9,539 times greater than background rates. Gastropods are highly susceptible to habitat loss and degradation, particularly narrow endemics restricted to a single spring or short stream reaches. Compilation of this review was hampered by a paucity of current distributional information and taxonomic uncertainties. Although research on several fronts including basic biology, physiology, conservation strategies, life history, and ecology are needed, systematics and curation of museum collections and databases coupled with comprehensive status surveys (geographic limits, threat identification) are priorities.
C1 [Johnson, Paul D.; Tarpley, Thomas A.] Alabama Dept Conservat & Nat Resources, Alabama Aquat Biodivers Ctr, Marion, AL 36756 USA.
[Bogan, Arthur E.] N Carolina State Museum Nat Sci, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Brown, Kenneth M.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Burkhead, Noel M.] Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, United States Geol Survey, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Cordeiro, James R.] Univ Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Garner, Jeffrey T.] Alabama Dept Conservat & Nat Resources, Florence, AL USA.
[Hartfield, Paul D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Jackson, MS USA.
[Lepitzki, Dwayne A. W.] Wildlife Syst Res, Banff, AB, Canada.
[Mackie, Gerry L.] Univ Guelph, Water Syst Analysts, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Pip, Eva] Univ Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada.
[Tiemann, Jeremy S.] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Whelan, Nathan V.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA.
[Strong, Ellen E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Cordeiro, James R.] Nat Serve, Boston, MA USA.
RP Johnson, PD (reprint author), Alabama Dept Conservat & Nat Resources, Alabama Aquat Biodivers Ctr, 2200 Highway 175, Marion, AL 36756 USA.
EM paul.johnson@dcnr.alabama.gov
RI Bogan, Arthur/G-7658-2016;
OI Bogan, Arthur/0000-0003-4042-7706; Whelan, Nathan/0000-0002-3542-2102;
Strong, Ellen/0000-0001-7181-4114
FU Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources; Smithsonian
Institution, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service
FX We thank Jamie Smith, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, for
generating Figure 3. We are grateful to the numerous museum curators who
provided access to the collections under their care during the
preparation of this database. We also thank AFS Fisheries staff and
especially Endangered Species Chair Howard Jelks for their assistance in
publication. We thank Paul Callomon, Academy of Natural Sciences
Philadelphia, for his technical assistance in photographing the micro
planorbids. We thank Steve Ahlstedt for his assistance with the review
process and his innumerable contributions to freshwater mollusk
conservation over the years. Randall Haddock of the Cahaba River Society
and Paul Freeman of the Nature Conservancy of Alabama contributed
photographs. Thanks are extended to Buck Albert (Cherokee Nation
Technology Solutions) and Howard Jelks (U.S. Geological Survey),
Gainesville, Florida, for development of the website. We also gratefully
acknowledge the contributions of two anonymous reviewers. Finally, a
special thanks to Jim Williams, whose invaluable assistance facilitated
completion of this assessment. This work was supported in part from
various funding sources including the Alabama Department of Conservation
and Natural Resources, the Smithsonian Institution, North Carolina
Museum of Natural Sciences, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 135
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U2 43
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD JUN 21
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 6
BP 247
EP 282
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.785396
PG 36
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 163WW
UT WOS:000320369800004
ER
PT J
AU Xue, YJ
Liu, SG
Zhang, L
Hu, YM
AF Xue, Yueju
Liu, Shuguang
Zhang, Li
Hu, Yueming
TI Integrating fuzzy logic with piecewise linear regression for detecting
vegetation greenness change in the Yukon River Basin, Alaska
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID BOREAL FOREST REGION; TIME-SERIES DATA; INTERIOR ALASKA; FIRE DETECTION;
SOIL-MOISTURE; BURN SEVERITY; NDVI; PATTERNS; DISTURBANCE; SEASON
AB Effective methods are required to detect vegetation changes and attribute these changes to different driving forces. This article presents a new hybrid change detection method by integrating fuzzy logic with piecewise linear regression (PLR) as applied to the Yukon River Basin (YRB) in Alaska, USA, to detect the changes in spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation greenness based on Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data from 1995 to 2004 (2000 data missing). Abrupt changes (or breakpoints), and speed and tendency of gradual changes in short-, mid-, or long-term segments, were simultaneously detected during the study period. Fire scars, precipitation, and temperature data were applied to explain the spatial and temporal patterns of breakpoints and temporal trends (i.e. slopes or change rates). Results showed no significant systematic temporal trend (p=0.1) in more than 90% of the study area. Abrupt changes in NDVI were partly attributed to wildfire disturbances. The NDVI decline partly overlaid the fire scars provided by the Alaskan Fire Science Center in time and space. The temporal change rates of NDVI were closely related to the temporal trends of temperature/precipitation. The approach presented in this article can be effectively adapted to other study areas.
C1 [Xue, Yueju; Hu, Yueming] South China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Shuguang] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Liu, Shuguang] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Zhang, Li] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Earth Observat & Digital Earth, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, SG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM sliu@usgs.gov
FU Global Change Program of the US Geological Survey (USGS); Chinese
Department of Education
FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Global Change
Program of the US Geological Survey (USGS). During her visit to the USGS
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, Y. Xue was also
supported by an Exchange Scholar Fund awarded by the Chinese Department
of Education. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 40
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 44
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
EI 1366-5901
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD JUN 20
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 12
BP 4242
EP 4263
DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.775532
PG 22
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 109UR
UT WOS:000316395000007
ER
PT J
AU Arnett, EB
Hein, CD
Schirmacher, MR
Huso, MMP
Szewczak, JM
AF Arnett, Edward B.
Hein, Cris D.
Schirmacher, Michael R.
Huso, Manuela M. P.
Szewczak, Joseph M.
TI Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Ultrasonic Acoustic Deterrent for
Reducing Bat Fatalities at Wind Turbines
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY FACILITIES; ECHOLOCATING BATS; SOCIAL CALLS; VARIABILITY;
HYPOTHESES; IMPACTS; NOISE
AB Large numbers of bats are killed by wind turbines worldwide and minimizing fatalities is critically important to bat conservation and acceptance of wind energy development. We implemented a 2-year study testing the effectiveness of an ultrasonic acoustic deterrent for reducing bat fatalities at a wind energy facility in Pennsylvania. We randomly selected control and treatment turbines that were searched daily in summer and fall 2009 and 2010. Estimates of fatality, corrected for field biases, were compared between treatment and control turbines. In 2009, we estimated 21-51% fewer bats were killed per treatment turbine than per control turbine. In 2010, we determined an approximate 9% inherent difference between treatment and control turbines and when factored into our analysis, variation increased and between 2% more and 64% fewer bats were killed per treatment turbine relative to control turbines. We estimated twice as many hoary bats were killed per control turbine than treatment turbine, and nearly twice as many silver-haired bats in 2009. In 2010, although we estimated nearly twice as many hoary bats and nearly 4 times as many silver-haired bats killed per control turbine than at treatment turbines during the treatment period, these only represented an approximate 20% increase in fatality relative to the pre-treatment period for these species when accounting for inherent differences between turbine sets. Our findings suggest broadband ultrasound broadcasts may reduce bat fatalities by discouraging bats from approaching sound sources. However, effectiveness of ultrasonic deterrents is limited by distance and area ultrasound can be broadcast, in part due to rapid attenuation in humid conditions. We caution that an operational deterrent device is not yet available and further modifications and experimentation are needed. Future efforts must also evaluate cost-effectiveness of deterrents in relation to curtailment strategies to allow a cost-benefit analysis for mitigating bat fatalities.
C1 [Arnett, Edward B.; Hein, Cris D.; Schirmacher, Michael R.] Bat Conservat Int, Austin, TX USA.
[Huso, Manuela M. P.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Range Expt Stn, Corvallis, OR USA.
[Szewczak, Joseph M.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
RP Arnett, EB (reprint author), Theodore Roosevelt Conservat Partnership, Loveland, CO USA.
EM earnett@trcp.org
FU Iberdrola Renewables; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); National
Renewable Energy Lab; Pennsylvania Game Commission; Bat Conservation
International; American Wind and Wildlife Institute; American Wind
Energy Association
FX This study was funded by Iberdrola Renewables, U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE), National Renewable Energy Lab, Pennsylvania Game Commission, Bat
Conservation International, American Wind and Wildlife Institute, and
member companies of the American Wind Energy Association. The funders
had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 45
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 80
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUN 19
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 6
AR e65794
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0065794
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 190ST
UT WOS:000322361200036
PM 23840369
ER
PT J
AU Miller, DAW
Nichols, JD
Gude, JA
Rich, LN
Podruzny, KM
Hines, JE
Mitchell, MS
AF Miller, David A. W.
Nichols, James D.
Gude, Justin A.
Rich, Lindsey N.
Podruzny, Kevin M.
Hines, James E.
Mitchell, Michael S.
TI Determining Occurrence Dynamics when False Positives Occur: Estimating
the Range Dynamics of Wolves from Public Survey Data
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; SPECIES OCCURRENCE; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE;
CITIZEN SCIENCE; OBSERVER BIAS; MODELS; ERRORS; CALL; STATES;
MISIDENTIFICATION
AB Large-scale presence-absence monitoring programs have great promise for many conservation applications. Their value can be limited by potential incorrect inferences owing to observational errors, especially when data are collected by the public. To combat this, previous analytical methods have focused on addressing non-detection from public survey data. Misclassification errors have received less attention but are also likely to be a common component of public surveys, as well as many other data types. We derive estimators for dynamic occupancy parameters (extinction and colonization), focusing on the case where certainty can be assumed for a subset of detections. We demonstrate how to simultaneously account for non-detection (false negatives) and misclassification (false positives) when estimating occurrence parameters for gray wolves in northern Montana from 2007-2010. Our primary data source for the analysis was observations by deer and elk hunters, reported as part of the state's annual hunter survey. This data was supplemented with data from known locations of radio-collared wolves. We found that occupancy was relatively stable during the years of the study and wolves were largely restricted to the highest quality habitats in the study area. Transitions in the occupancy status of sites were rare, as occupied sites almost always remained occupied and unoccupied sites remained unoccupied. Failing to account for false positives led to over estimation of both the area inhabited by wolves and the frequency of turnover. The ability to properly account for both false negatives and false positives is an important step to improve inferences for conservation from large-scale public surveys. The approach we propose will improve our understanding of the status of wolf populations and is relevant to many other data types where false positives are a component of observations.
C1 [Miller, David A. W.; Nichols, James D.; Hines, James E.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
[Miller, David A. W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Gude, Justin A.; Podruzny, Kevin M.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Helena, MT USA.
[Rich, Lindsey N.; Mitchell, Michael S.] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Miller, DAW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
EM dxm84@psu.edu
RI Miller, David/E-4492-2012
FU sale of hunting and fishing licenses in Montana; Pittman-Robertson
program
FX Funding for data collection was provided by the sale of hunting and
fishing licenses in Montana, the Pittman-Robertson program administered
by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and the United States
Fish and Wildlife Service wolf recovery program. The funders had no role
in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 42
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Z9 21
U1 4
U2 71
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUN 19
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 6
AR e65808
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0065808
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 190ST
UT WOS:000322361200038
PM 23840372
ER
PT J
AU Rippy, MA
Franks, PJS
Feddersen, F
Guza, RT
Warrick, JA
AF Rippy, M. A.
Franks, P. J. S.
Feddersen, F.
Guza, R. T.
Warrick, J. A.
TI Beach Nourishment Impacts on Bacteriological Water Quality and
Phytoplankton Bloom Dynamics
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; SURF-ZONE; SOUTHERN
CALIFORNIA; COASTAL WATERS; SUNLIGHT INACTIVATION; HUNTINGTON-BEACH;
TIJUANA-ESTUARY; URBAN RUNOFF; MARINE BEACH
AB A beach nourishment with approximately 1/3 fine-grained sediment (fines; particle diameter <63 mu m) by mass was performed at Southern California's Border Fields State Park (BFSP). The nourishment was found to briefly (<1 day) increase concentrations of surf-zone fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) above single-sample public health standards [104 most probable number (MPN).(100 mL)(-1)] but had no effect on phytoplankton. Contamination was constrained to the nourishment site: waters 300 m north or south of the nourishment were always below single-sample and geometric mean [<= 35 MPN.(100 mL)(-1)] standards. Nourishment fines were identified as a source of the fecal indicator Enterococcus; correlations between fines and enterococci were significant (p < 0.01), and generalized linear model analysis identified fines as the single best predictor of enterococci. Microcosm experiments and field sampling suggest that the short surf-zone residence times observed for enterococci (e-folding time 4 h) resulted from both rapid, postplacement FIB inactivation and mixing/transport by waves and alongshore currents. Nourishment fines were phosphate-rich/nitrogen-poor and were not correlated with surf-zone phytoplankton concentrations, which may have been nitrogen-limited.
C1 [Rippy, M. A.; Franks, P. J. S.; Feddersen, F.; Guza, R. T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Warrick, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Rippy, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM mrippy@ucsd.edu
FU California Department of Boating and Waterways oceanography program;
NSF; ONR; California Coastal Conservancy; California SeaGrant
[NA10OAR4170060, 25793B]
FX This work was funded by the California Department of Boating and
Waterways oceanography program, NSF, ONR, the California Coastal
Conservancy, and California SeaGrant (NOAA Grant NA10OAR4170060,
California SeaGrant Project 25793B, through NOAA's SeaGrant College
Program, U.S. Dept. of Commerce). The conclusions are those of the
author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the aforementioned
organizations. Special thanks to volunteers and staff from the
Integrative Oceanography Division (B. Woodward, B. Boyd, D. Clark, K.
Smith, D. Darnell, R. Grenzeback, A. Gale, M. Omand, M. Okihiro, M.
Yates, M. Cape, B. Carter, and the Guzas), for assistance in data
collection. We also thank the PCMSC laboratory for sediment analysis and
the Tijuana Estuary Research Reserve for help with experiment logistics.
NR 67
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U1 3
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUN 18
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 12
BP 6146
EP 6154
DI 10.1021/es400572k
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 169AJ
UT WOS:000320749000011
PM 23675635
ER
PT J
AU Hartman, CA
Ackerman, JT
Herring, G
Isanhart, J
Herzog, M
AF Hartman, C. Alex
Ackerman, Joshua T.
Herring, Garth
Isanhart, John
Herzog, Mark
TI Marsh Wrens As Bioindicators of Mercury in Wetlands of Great Salt Lake:
Do Blood and Feathers Reflect Site-Specific Exposure Risk to Bird
Reproduction?
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHEASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; SPACE USE; EGGS;
METHYLMERCURY; CALIFORNIA; USA
AB Nonlethal sampling of bird blood and feathers are among the more common ways of estimating the risk of mercury exposure to songbird reproduction. The implicit assumption is that mercury concentrations in blood or feathers of individuals captured in a given area are correlated with mercury concentrations in eggs from the same area. Yet, this assumption is rarely tested. We evaluated mercury concentrations in blood, feathers, and eggs of marsh wrens in wetlands of Great Salt Lake, Utah, and, at two spatial scales, specifically tested the assumption that mercury concentrations in blood and feather samples from birds captured in a defined area were predictive of mercury concentrations in eggs collected in the same area. Mercury concentrations in blood were not correlated with mercury concentrations in eggs collected within the same wetland unit, and were poorly correlated with mercury concentrations in eggs collected at the smaller home range spatial scale of analysis. Moreover, mercury exposure risk, as estimated via tissue concentrations, differed among wetland units depending upon whether blood or egg mercury concentrations were sampled. Mercury concentrations in feathers also were uncorrelated with mercury concentrations in eggs, and were poorly correlated with mercury concentrations in blood. These results demonstrate the potential for contrasting management actions that may be implemented based solely on the specific avian tissue that is sampled, and highlight the importance of developing avian tissues as biomonitoring tools for assessing local risk of mercury exposure to bird reproduction.
C1 [Hartman, C. Alex; Ackerman, Joshua T.; Herring, Garth; Herzog, Mark] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
[Isanhart, John] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
RP Hartman, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
EM chartman@usgs.gov
OI Herzog, Mark/0000-0002-5203-2835
FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Environmental
Contaminants Program
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service's Environmental Contaminants Program. We thank C.
Eagles-Smith, S. Vaughn, H. Browers, J. Vest, and J. Cavitt for
logistical help, and R. Keister for laboratory and samples processing.
Three anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments that greatly
improved the manuscript. The use of trade, product, or firm names in the
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 32
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U1 5
U2 38
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUN 18
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 12
BP 6597
EP 6605
DI 10.1021/es400910x
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 169AJ
UT WOS:000320749000065
PM 23692510
ER
PT J
AU Dowsett, HJ
Foley, KM
Stoll, DK
Chandler, MA
Sohl, LE
Bentsen, M
Otto-Bliesner, BL
Bragg, FJ
Chan, WL
Contoux, C
Dolan, AM
Haywood, AM
Jonas, JA
Jost, A
Kamae, Y
Lohmann, G
Lunt, DJ
Nisancioglu, KH
Abe-Ouchi, A
Ramstein, G
Riesselman, CR
Robinson, MM
Rosenbloom, NA
Salzmann, U
Stepanek, C
Strother, SL
Ueda, H
Yan, Q
Zhang, ZS
AF Dowsett, Harry J.
Foley, Kevin M.
Stoll, Danielle K.
Chandler, Mark A.
Sohl, Linda E.
Bentsen, Mats
Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.
Bragg, Fran J.
Chan, Wing-Le
Contoux, Camille
Dolan, Aisling M.
Haywood, Alan M.
Jonas, Jeff A.
Jost, Anne
Kamae, Youichi
Lohmann, Gerrit
Lunt, Daniel J.
Nisancioglu, Kerim H.
Abe-Ouchi, Ayako
Ramstein, Gilles
Riesselman, Christina R.
Robinson, Marci M.
Rosenbloom, Nan A.
Salzmann, Ulrich
Stepanek, Christian
Strother, Stephanie L.
Ueda, Hiroaki
Yan, Qing
Zhang, Zhongshi
TI Sea Surface Temperature of the mid-Piacenzian Ocean: A Data-Model
Comparison
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; PLIOMIP EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN; GENERAL-CIRCULATION
MODEL; PMIP2 COUPLED SIMULATIONS; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; PLIOCENE
CLIMATE; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; UNITED-STATES; JOINT INVESTIGATIONS; WARM
PERIOD
AB The mid-Piacenzian climate represents the most geologically recent interval of long-term average warmth relative to the last million years, and shares similarities with the climate projected for the end of the 21st century. As such, it represents a natural experiment from which we can gain insight into potential climate change impacts, enabling more informed policy decisions for mitigation and adaptation. Here, we present the first systematic comparison of Pliocene sea surface temperature (SST) between an ensemble of eight climate model simulations produced as part of PlioMIP (Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project) with the PRISM (Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping) Project mean annual SST field. Our results highlight key regional and dynamic situations where there is discord between the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and the climate model simulations. These differences have led to improved strategies for both experimental design and temporal refinement of the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction.
C1 [Dowsett, Harry J.; Foley, Kevin M.; Stoll, Danielle K.; Riesselman, Christina R.; Robinson, Marci M.; Strother, Stephanie L.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Chandler, Mark A.; Sohl, Linda E.; Jonas, Jeff A.] Columbia Univ, NASA GISS, New York, NY USA.
[Bentsen, Mats; Nisancioglu, Kerim H.; Zhang, Zhongshi] Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Bergen, Norway.
[Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.; Rosenbloom, Nan A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bragg, Fran J.] Univ Bristol, Sch Geog Sci, Bristol BS8 1SS, Avon, England.
[Chan, Wing-Le; Abe-Ouchi, Ayako] Univ Tokyo, Atmosphere & Ocean Res Inst, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778564, Japan.
[Contoux, Camille; Ramstein, Gilles] UMR CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environnem IPSL, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Contoux, Camille; Jost, Anne] Univ Paris 06, F-75005 Sisyphe, France.
[Contoux, Camille; Jost, Anne] CNRS, F-75005 Sisyphe, France.
[Dolan, Aisling M.; Haywood, Alan M.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
[Kamae, Youichi; Ueda, Hiroaki] Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Lohmann, Gerrit; Stepanek, Christian] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Abe-Ouchi, Ayako] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Res Inst forGlobal Change, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
[Salzmann, Ulrich; Strother, Stephanie L.] Northumbria Univ, Fac Engn & Environm, Dept Geog, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Yan, Qing; Zhang, Zhongshi] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Dowsett, HJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM hdowsett@usgs.gov
RI Lunt, Daniel/G-9451-2011; Kamae, Youichi/L-6694-2013; Abe-Ouchi,
Ayako/M-6359-2013; Ramstein, Gilles/L-3328-2014; Zhang,
Zhongshi/L-2891-2013; Yan, Qing/C-5413-2013;
OI Bragg, Fran/0000-0002-8179-4214; Dowsett, Harry/0000-0003-1983-7524;
Lunt, Daniel/0000-0003-3585-6928; Lohmann, Gerrit/0000-0003-2089-733X;
Kamae, Youichi/0000-0003-0461-5718; Abe-Ouchi,
Ayako/0000-0003-1745-5952; Ramstein, Gilles/0000-0002-1522-917X; Zhang,
Zhongshi/0000-0002-2354-1622; Yan, Qing/0000-0001-5299-7824; Dolan,
Aisling/0000-0002-9585-9648
FU U.S. Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and
Development Program; PlioMIP initiative; USGS Mendenhall Post-doctoral
Fellowship Program; NASA; NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through
the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at Goddard Space Flight
Center; Natural Environment Research Council, NERC [NE/I016287/1,
NE/H006273/1]; U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF); NSF; European
Research Council under the European Union/ERC [278636]; UK Natural
Environment Research Council; AWI; Helmholz; Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science and computing resources at the Earth Simulator
Center, JAMSTEC
FX HJD, KMF, DKS and MMR acknowledge the continued support of the U.S.
Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development
Program; HJD, MAC and MMR thank the USGS John Wesley Powell Center for
Analysis and Synthesis for support of the PlioMIP initiative; HJD and
CRR acknowledge support from the USGS Mendenhall Post-doctoral
Fellowship Program; MAC and LES acknowledge support from the NASA
Climate Modeling Program, and the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program
through the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at Goddard Space
Flight Center. Financial support was provided by grants to US and AMH
from the Natural Environment Research Council, NERC (NE/I016287/1); DJL
and FJB acknowledge NERC grant NE/H006273/1. BLO and NAR recognize NCAR
is sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and computing
resources were provided by the Climate Simulation Laboratory at NCAR's
Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL) sponsored by the
NSF and other agencies. AMH and AMD acknowledge research leading to
these results received funding from the European Research Council under
the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC
grant agreement no. 278636. AMD acknowledges the UK Natural Environment
Research Council for the provision of a Doctoral Training Grant. CS and
GL received funding from AWI and Helmholz through the programmes POLMAR,
PACES and REKLIM. WLC and AAO acknowledge financial support from the
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and computing resources at
the Earth Simulator Center, JAMSTEC. This research used samples and/or
data provided by the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP). This is a product of
the PRISM Project.
NR 69
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U1 3
U2 49
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUN 18
PY 2013
VL 3
AR 2013
DI 10.1038/srep02013
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 165RJ
UT WOS:000320500900010
PM 23774736
ER
PT J
AU Kovalskyy, V
Henebry, GM
Roy, DP
Adusei, B
Hansen, M
Senay, G
Mocko, DM
AF Kovalskyy, V.
Henebry, G. M.
Roy, D. P.
Adusei, B.
Hansen, M.
Senay, G.
Mocko, D. M.
TI Evaluation of a coupled event-driven phenology and evapotranspiration
model for croplands in the United States northern Great Plains
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE comparison of modeled ET; phenology in ET
ID LAND-SURFACE MODEL; ASSIMILATION SYSTEM NLDAS; TIME-SERIES; MONITORING
VEGETATION; ENERGY-BALANCE; CLIMATE MODELS; SATELLITE DATA; MODIS;
RESOLUTION; SIMULATION
AB A new model coupling scheme with remote sensing data assimilation was developed for estimation of daily actual evapotranspiration (ET). The scheme consists of the VegET, a model to estimate ET from meteorological and water balance data, and an Event Driven Phenology Model (EDPM), an empirical crop specific model trained on multiple years of flux tower data transformed into six types of environmental forcings that are called events to emphasize their temporally discrete character, which has advantages for modeling multiple contingent influences. The EDPM in prognostic mode supplies seasonal trajectories of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI); whereas in diagnostic mode, it can adjust the NDVI prediction with assimilated remotely sensed observations. The scheme was deployed within the croplands of the Northern Great Plains. The evaluation used 2007-2009 land surface forcing data from the North American Land Data Assimilation System and crop maps derived from remotely sensed data of NASA's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). We compared the NDVI produced by the EDPM with NDVI data derived from the MODIS nadir bidirectional reflectance distribution function adjusted reflectance product. The EDPM performance in prognostic mode yielded a coefficient of determination (r(2)) of 0.80.15and the root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.10.035 across the entire study area. Retrospective correction of canopy attributes using assimilated MODIS NDVI values improved EDPM NDVI estimates, bringing the errors down to the average level of 0.1. The ET estimates produced by the coupled scheme were compared with the MODIS evapotranspiration product and with ET from NASA's Mosaic land surface model. The expected r(2)=0.70.15 and RMSE=11.24mm per 8days achieved in earlier point-based validations were met in this study by the coupling scheme functioning in both prognostic and retrospective modes. Coupled model performance was diminished at the periphery of the study area where r(2) values were about 0.5 and RMSEs up to 15 +/- 5mm per 8days. This performance degradation can be attributed both to insufficient EDPM training and to spatial heterogeneity in the accuracy of the crop maps. Overall, the experiment provided sufficient evidence of soundness of the EDPM and VegET coupling scheme, assuring its potential for spatially explicit applications.
C1 [Kovalskyy, V.; Henebry, G. M.; Roy, D. P.; Adusei, B.; Hansen, M.] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Senay, G.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Earth Resources Observat & Sci, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Mocko, D. M.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, SAIC Hydrol Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Mocko, D. M.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Kovalskyy, V (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM Valeriy.Kovalskyy@sdstate.edu
OI Henebry, Geoffrey/0000-0002-8999-2709
FU NASA [NNX07AT61A, NNH07ZDA001N, NNX08AL93A]
FX This research was supported in part by NASA grants NNX07AT61A,
NNH07ZDA001N, and NNX08AL93A. The NLDAS data used in this study were
acquired as part of the activities of NASA's Science Mission
Directorate, archived, and distributed by the Goddard Earth Sciences
(GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC). The authors are also
grateful to the two anonymous reviewers for insightful comments and
suggestions to improve the clarity of this manuscript.
NR 75
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U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUN 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 11
BP 5065
EP 5081
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50387
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 228TG
UT WOS:000325212600001
ER
PT J
AU Toda, S
Stein, RS
AF Toda, Shinji
Stein, Ross S.
TI The 2011 M=9.0 Tohoku oki earthquake more than doubled the probability
of large shocks beneath Tokyo
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE seismicity; Coulomb stress; aftershocks; Tohoku-oki earthquake
ID M-W 9.0; PACIFIC COAST; STRESS SHADOWS; AFTERSHOCKS; AREA
AB The Kanto seismic corridor surrounding Tokyo has hosted four to five M7 earthquakes in the past 400years. Immediately after the Tohoku earthquake, the seismicity rate in the corridor jumped 10-fold, while the rate of normal focal mechanisms dropped in half. The seismicity rate decayed for 6-12months, after which it steadied at three times the pre-Tohoku rate. The seismicity rate jump and decay to a new rate, as well as the focal mechanism change, can be explained by the static stress imparted by the Tohoku rupture and postseismic creep to Kanto faults. We therefore fit the seismicity observations to a rate/state Coulomb model, which we use to forecast the time-dependent probability of large earthquakes in the Kanto seismic corridor. We estimate a 17% probability of a M7.0 shock over the 5 year prospective period 11 March 2013 to 10 March 2018, two-and-a-half times the probability had the Tohoku earthquake not struck.
C1 [Toda, Shinji] Tohoku Univ, Int Res Inst Disaster Sci IRIDeS, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
[Stein, Ross S.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Toda, S (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, IRIDeS, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
EM toda@irides.tohoku.ac.jp
NR 21
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U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUN 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 11
BP 2562
EP 2566
DI 10.1002/grl.50524
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 175VL
UT WOS:000321261600016
ER
PT J
AU Lee, CW
Lu, Z
Won, JS
Jung, HS
Dzurisin, D
AF Lee, Chang-Wook
Lu, Zhong
Won, Joong-Sun
Jung, Hyung-Sup
Dzurisin, Daniel
TI Dynamic deformation of Seguam Island, Alaska, 1992-2008, from
multi-interferogram InSAR processing
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE InSAR; Time series; Deformation; Seguam
ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; SURFACE DEFORMATION; HALF-SPACE; VOLCANO;
EVOLUTION; INFLATION; ARC
AB We generated a time-series of ERS-1/2 and ENVISAT interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) images to study ground surface deformation at Seguam Island from 1992 to 2008. We used the small baseline subset (SBAS) technique to reduce artifacts associated with baseline uncertainties and atmospheric delay anomalies, and processed images from two adjacent tracks to validate our results. Seguam Island comprises the remnants of two late Quaternary calderas, one in the western caldera of the island and one in the eastern part of the island. The western caldera subsided at a constant rate of similar to 1.6 cm/yr throughout the study period, while the eastern caldera experienced alternating periods of subsidence and uplift: similar to 5 cm/year uplift during January 1993-October 1993 (stage 1), similar to 1.6 cm/year subsidence during October 1993-November 1998 (stage 2), similar to 2.0 cm/year uplift during November 1998-September 2000 (stage 3), similar to 1.4 cm/year subsidence during September 2000-November 2005 (stage 4), and similar to 0.8 cm/year uplift during November 2005-July 2007 (stage 5). Source modeling indicates a deflationary source less than 2 km below sea level (BSL) beneath the western caldera and two sources beneath the eastern caldera: an inflationary source 2.5-6.0 km BSL and a deflationary source less than 2 km BSL. We suggest that uplift of the eastern caldera is driven by episodic intrusions of basaltic magma into a poroelastic reservoir 2.5-6.0 km BSL beneath the caldera. Cooling and degassing of the reservoir between intrusions result in steady subsidence of the overlying surface. Although we found no evidence of magma intrusion beneath the western caldera during the study period, it is the site (Pyre Peak) of all historical eruptions on the island and therefore cooling and degassing of intrusions presumably contributes to subsidence there as well. Another likely subsidence mechanism in the western caldera is thermoelastic contraction of lava flows emplaced near Pyre Peak during several historical eruptions, most recently in 1977 and 1992-93. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Lee, Chang-Wook] Korea Meteorol Adm, Natl Inst Meteorol Res, Seoul 156720, South Korea.
[Lu, Zhong; Dzurisin, Daniel] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Won, Joong-Sun] Yonsei Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Jung, Hyung-Sup] Univ Seoul, Dept Geoinformat, Seoul 130743, South Korea.
RP Lu, Z (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM lu@usgs.gov
OI Jung, Hyung-Sup/0000-0003-2335-8438
FU Earth Surface and Interior Program; USGS Volcano Hazards Program;
National Institute of Meteorological Research [NIMR 2012-B-3]; Korea
Meteorological Administration
FX This research was supported by the Earth Surface and Interior Program,
the USGS Volcano Hazards Program, and the National Institute of
Meteorological Research (NIMR 2012-B-3), Korea Meteorological
Administration. SAR data used in this study are copyrighted by the
European Space Agency (ESA) and were provided by ESA and the Alaska
Satellite Facility. We thank C. Wicks for providing the modeling codes,
and M. Lisowski and D. George for internal reviews. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 29
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Z9 9
U1 0
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 15
PY 2013
VL 260
BP 43
EP 51
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.05.009
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 194EA
UT WOS:000322612600004
ER
PT J
AU Raubenheimer, B
Ralston, DK
Elgar, S
Giffen, D
Signell, RP
AF Raubenheimer, Britt
Ralston, David K.
Elgar, Steve
Giffen, Dana
Signell, Richard P.
TI Observations and predictions of summertime winds on the Skagit tidal
flats, Washington
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Tidal flats; Winds; Mesoscale atmospheric model; Puget Sound
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; INTERTIDAL FLAT; SURFACE WINDS; PUGET-SOUND; ETA
MODELS; WRF MODEL; SEA; MM5; ESTUARY; FIELD
AB Wind speeds and directions measured in June, July, and August, 2009 at 5 locations separated by up to about 5 km on the Skagit tidal flats (near La Conner, WA) are compared with predictions of a triple-nested Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model with 1.3-km resolution. The model predicts the observed diurnal fluctuations of the wind speeds (bias < 0.4 m s(-1), root-mean-square error (rmse) <1 m s(-1), correlation coefficient r(2)approximate to 0.9) and directions (bias < 9 degrees, rmse < 30 degrees, r(2) > 0.5). The observed and predicted minimum and maximum wind speeds occur in early morning and late afternoon, respectively. Wind speeds and directions are decorrelated over distances shorter than the length scale of the tidal flats (about 10 km). Observed and predicted wind directions are predominantly Wand NW on the north flats, and S and SW on the south flats. The spatial and seasonal variability of the winds are investigated using model simulations. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Raubenheimer, Britt; Ralston, David K.; Elgar, Steve; Giffen, Dana] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Giffen, Dana] Anchor QEA, Seattle, WA USA.
[Signell, Richard P.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Raubenheimer, B (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM britt@whoi.edu
OI Signell, Richard/0000-0003-0682-9613
FU Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation; National Security
Science and Engineering Faculty Fellowship
FX We thank Jim Thomson for providing the wind measurements collected on
Craft Island, the Skagit River System Cooperative and Greg Hood for
logistical assistance during the field study, Chuck Long for advice on
converting observed winds to 10-m winds, and W. Boyd, S. Burnet, D.
Darnell, L. Gorrell, S. Kilgallin, E. Ladouceur, V. Pavel, L. Siegel, E.
Williams, R. Yopak, and S. Zippel for helping obtain the field
observations. The Office of Naval Research, the National Science
Foundation, and a National Security Science and Engineering Faculty
Fellowship provided support.
NR 58
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Z9 8
U1 0
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
EI 1873-6955
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD JUN 15
PY 2013
VL 60
SU S
SI SI
BP S13
EP S21
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2012.02.001
PG 9
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 177WD
UT WOS:000321405200002
ER
PT J
AU Mann, DH
Groves, P
Kunz, ML
Reanier, RE
Gaglioti, BV
AF Mann, Daniel H.
Groves, Pamela
Kunz, Michael L.
Reanier, Richard E.
Gaglioti, Benjamin V.
TI Ice-age megafauna in Arctic Alaska: extinction, invasion, survival
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic; Extinction; Megafauna; Climate change; Woolly mammoth; Steppe
bison; Horse; Pleistocene; Ice age; Peat; Alaska; Bones
ID CARBON-ISOTOPE COMPOSITIONS; LATE PLEISTOCENE; MAMMOTH STEPPE; INFERRING
EXTINCTION; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS; RADIOCARBON-DATES;
OVIBOS-MOSCHATUS; C-13/C-12 RATIOS; EASTERN BERINGIA
AB Radical restructuring of the terrestrial, large mammal fauna living in arctic Alaska occurred between 14,000 and 10,000 years ago at the end of the last ice age. Steppe bison, horse, and woolly mammoth became extinct, moose and humans invaded, while muskox and caribou persisted. The ice age megafauna was more diverse in species and possibly contained 6x more individual animals than live in the region today. Megafaunal biomass during the last ice age may have been 30x greater than present. Horse was the dominant species in terms of number of individuals. Lions, short-faced bears, wolves, and possibly grizzly bears comprised the predator/scavenger guild. The youngest mammoth so far discovered lived ca 13,800 years ago, while horses and bison persisted on the North Slope until at least 12,500 years ago during the Younger Dryas cold interval. The first people arrived on the North Slope ca 13,500 years ago. Bone-isotope measurements and foot-loading characteristics suggest megafaunal niches were segregated along a moisture gradient, with the surviving species (muskox and caribou) utilizing the warmer and moister portions of the vegetation mosaic. As the ice age ended, the moisture gradient shifted and eliminated habitats utilized by the dryland, grazing species (bison, horse, mammoth). The proximate cause for this change was regional paludification, the spread of organic soil horizons and peat. End-Pleistocene extinctions in arctic Alaska represent local, not global extinctions since the megafaunal species lost there persisted to later times elsewhere. Hunting seems unlikely as the cause of these extinctions, but it cannot be ruled out as the final blow to megafaunal populations that were already functionally extinct by the time humans arrived in the region. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mann, Daniel H.] Univ Alaska, Geog Program, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Groves, Pamela] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Kunz, Michael L.] Bur Land Management, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Reanier, Richard E.] Reanier & Associates Inc, Seattle, WA 98166 USA.
[Gaglioti, Benjamin V.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Gaglioti, Benjamin V.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
RP Mann, DH (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Geog Program, 3352 Coll Rd, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM dhmann@alaska.edu
FU Bureau of Land Management's Arctic Field Office; National Science
Foundation [ARC-0902169]
FX Paul Matheus contributed greatly to this study in its early stages, and
we regret his decision to forsake extinct megafauna in favor of raising
live ones. Dale Guthrie provided interesting discussions and identified
problematic specimens. We thank Dave Murray, Dave Meltzer, Dave Klein,
Jeff Rasic, and Greg Streveler for comments on earlier drafts of this
manuscript. Hector Porphyrio, Ben Jones, Miriam Jones, Guido Grosse,
Carson Baughman, Warren Beck, and Dave Yokel provided useful insights.
We thank Stacie McIntosh for helping make this project happen, and
Connie Adkins, Keeland McNulty, Mel Cambell, and Molly Yazwinski for
assistance in the field. This study was funded by the Bureau of Land
Management's Arctic Field Office and National Science Foundation grant
ARC-0902169.
NR 123
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U1 8
U2 148
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD JUN 15
PY 2013
VL 70
BP 91
EP 108
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.03.015
PG 18
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 168ZK
UT WOS:000320746300007
ER
PT J
AU Piazza, TM
Blehert, DS
Samuel, MD
Dunning, FM
Zeytin, FN
Tucker, WC
AF Piazza, T. M.
Blehert, D. S.
Samuel, M. D.
Dunning, F. M.
Zeytin, F. N.
Tucker, W. C.
TI Development of an in vitro assay for detecting botulinum neurotoxin type
E with application to avian botulism in the Great Lakes
SO TOXICON
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 7th International Conference on Basic and Therapeutic Aspects of
Botulinum and Tetanus Toxins (TOXINS)
CY OCT 02-05, 2011
CL Santa Fe, NM
C1 [Piazza, T. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI USA.
[Piazza, T. M.; Dunning, F. M.; Zeytin, F. N.; Tucker, W. C.] BioSentinel Pharmaceut Inc, Madison, WI USA.
[Blehert, D. S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Samuel, M. D.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI USA.
EM tpiazza@biosentinelpharma.com
NR 0
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0041-0101
J9 TOXICON
JI Toxicon
PD JUN 15
PY 2013
VL 68
BP 93
EP 93
DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.07.098
PG 1
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 159VN
UT WOS:000320075500086
ER
PT J
AU Alvarez, DA
Shappell, NW
Billey, LO
Bermudez, DS
Wilson, VS
Kolpin, DW
Perkins, SD
Evans, N
Foreman, WT
Gray, JL
Shipitalo, MJ
Meyer, MT
AF Alvarez, D. A.
Shappell, N. W.
Billey, L. O.
Bermudez, D. S.
Wilson, V. S.
Kolpin, D. W.
Perkins, S. D.
Evans, N.
Foreman, W. T.
Gray, J. L.
Shipitalo, M. J.
Meyer, M. T.
TI Bioassay of estrogenicity and chemical analyses of estrogens in streams
across the United States associated with livestock operations
SO WATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE E-Screen; T47D-KBluc; YES; POCIS; GC-MS2
ID ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; IN-VITRO ASSAYS; WASTE-WATER;
TREATMENT-PLANT; SURFACE-WATER; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; STEROID ESTROGENS;
PASSIVE SAMPLERS; FISH; EFFLUENTS
AB Animal manures, used as a nitrogen source for crop production, are often associated with negative impacts on nutrient levels in surface water. The concentrations of estrogens in streams from these manures also are of concern due to potential endocrine disruption in aquatic species. Streams associated with livestock operations were sampled by discrete samples (n = 38) or by time-integrated polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS, n = 19). Samples were analyzed for estrogens by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS2) and estrogenic activity was assessed by three bioassays: Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES), T47D-KBluc Assay, MCF-7 Estrogenicity Screen (E-Screen). Samples were collected from 19 streams within small (similar to 1-30 km(2)) watersheds in 12 U.S. states representing a range of hydrogeologic conditions, dominated by: dairy (3), grazing beef (3), feedlot cattle (1); swine (5); poultry (3); and 4 areas where no livestock were raised or manure was applied. Water samples were consistently below the United Kingdom proposed Lowest Observable Effect Concentration for 17 beta-estradiol in fish (10 ng/L) in all watersheds, regardless of land use. Estrogenic activity was often higher in samples during runoff conditions following a period of manure application. Estrone was the most commonly detected estrogen (13 of 38 water samples, mean 1.9, maximum 8.3 ng/L). Because of the T47D-KBluc assay's sensitivity towards estrone (1.4 times 17 beta-estradiol) it was the most sensitive method for detecting estrogens, followed by the E-Screen, GC-MS2, and YES. POCIS resulted in more frequent detections of estrogens than discrete water samples across all sites, even when applying the less-sensitive YES bioassay to the POCIS extracts. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Alvarez, D. A.; Perkins, S. D.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Shappell, N. W.; Billey, L. O.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA.
[Bermudez, D. S.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Wilson, V. S.; Evans, N.] US EPA, NHEERL, Tox Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Kolpin, D. W.] US Geol Survey, Iowa Water Sci Ctr, Iowa City, IA 52244 USA.
[Foreman, W. T.; Gray, J. L.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Shipitalo, M. J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Meyer, M. T.] US Geol Survey, Kansas Water Sci Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
RP Shappell, NW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA.
EM dalvarez@usgs.gov; nancy.shappell@ars.usda.gov;
lloyd.billey@ars.usda.gov; DSBermud@scj.com;
vickie.wilson@epamail.epa.gov; dwkolpin@usgs.gov; sperkins@usgs.gov;
evans.nicola@epamail.epa.gov; wforeman@usgs.gov; jlgray@usgs.gov;
martin.shipitalo@ars.usda.gov; mmeyer@usgs.gov
OI Meyer, Michael/0000-0001-6006-7985; Shipitalo,
Martin/0000-0003-4775-7345; Wilson, Vickie/0000-0003-1661-8481
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Toxic Substances Hydrology Program
FX The authors acknowledge the many individuals who assisted in the
collection of environmental samples and subsequent processing in the
various laboratories. Support for this project was provided by the U.S.
Geological Survey, Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. MCF-7 BOS cells
were graciously provided by Drs. Ana Soto and Carlos Sonnenschein, Tufts
University, Boston, MA. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this
article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and
does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0043-1354
J9 WATER RES
JI Water Res.
PD JUN 15
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 10
BP 3347
EP 3363
DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.028
PG 17
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 154AV
UT WOS:000319644800009
PM 23623470
ER
PT J
AU Elliott, KH
Welcker, J
Gaston, AJ
Hatch, SA
Palace, V
Hare, JF
Speakman, JR
Anderson, WG
AF Elliott, Kyle H.
Welcker, Jorg
Gaston, Anthony J.
Hatch, Scott A.
Palace, Vince
Hare, James F.
Speakman, John R.
Anderson, W. Gary
TI Thyroid hormones correlate with resting metabolic rate, not daily energy
expenditure, in two charadriiform seabirds
SO BIOLOGY OPEN
LA English
DT Article
DE Daily energy expenditure; Resting metabolic rate; Thyroxine;
Triiodothyronine
AB Thyroid hormones affect in vitro metabolic intensity, increase basal metabolic rate (BMR) in the lab, and are sometimes correlated with basal and/ or resting metabolic rate (RMR) in a field environment. Given the difficulty of measuring metabolic rate in the field-and the likelihood that capture and long-term restraint necessary to measure metabolic rate in the field jeopardizes other measurements-we examined the possibility that circulating thyroid hormone levels were correlated with RMR in two free-ranging bird species with high levels of energy expenditure (the black-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla, and thick-billed murre, Uria lomvia). Because BMR and daily energy expenditure (DEE) are purported to be linked, we also tested for a correlation between thyroid hormones and DEE. We examined the relationships between free and bound levels of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) with DEE and with 4-hour long measurements of post-absorptive and thermoneutral resting metabolism (resting metabolic rate; RMR). RMR but not DEE increased with T3 in both species; both metabolic rates were independent of T4. T3 and T4 were not correlated with one another. DEE correlated with body mass in kittiwakes but not in murres, presumably owing to the larger coefficient of variation in body mass during chick rearing for the more sexually dimorphic kittiwakes. We suggest T3 provides a good proxy for resting metabolism but not DEE in these seabird species. (C) 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.
C1 [Elliott, Kyle H.; Hare, James F.; Anderson, W. Gary] Univ Manitoba, Dept Biol Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
[Welcker, Jorg] Norwegian Polar Res Inst, Fram Ctr, N-9296 Tromso, Norway.
[Gaston, Anthony J.] Carleton Univ, Environm Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
[Hatch, Scott A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Palace, Vince] Stantec Consulting Ltd, Winnipeg, MB R3C 3R6, Canada.
[Speakman, John R.] Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland.
[Speakman, John R.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Key State Lab Mol Dev Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
RP Elliott, KH (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Biol Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
EM urialomvia@gmail.com
OI Elliott, Kyle/0000-0001-5304-3993
FU Bird Studies Canada/Society of Canadian Ornithologists James Baillie
Award; Animal Behavior Society Research Grant; American Ornithologists'
Union Research Grant; Frank Chapman Research Grant; Waterbird Society
Nisbet Grant; NSERC Discovery Grants
FX K. Woo, M. Le Vaillant, T. van Nus, and especially A. Wesphal, J.
Schultner and I. Dorresteijn, assisted with field work, often under
unpleasant conditions. K. Wauthier was instrumental in wrestling the
gamma counter into submission. P. Redman and C. Hambly conducted the
isotopic analyses. K. Scott and K. Campbell provided the FoxBox. K. H.
E. benefited from a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
(NSERC) Vanier Scholarship, Association of Canadian Universities for
Northern Studies Garfield-Weston Northern Studies Award and the Arctic
Institute of North America Jennifer Robinson Scholarship. Research
support came from Bird Studies Canada/Society of Canadian Ornithologists
James Baillie Award, Animal Behavior Society Research Grant, American
Ornithologists' Union Research Grant, Frank Chapman Research Grant, the
Waterbird Society Nisbet Grant and NSERC Discovery Grants to J. F. H.
and W. G. A. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL,
CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 2046-6390
J9 BIOL OPEN
JI Biol. Open
PD JUN 15
PY 2013
VL 2
IS 6
BP 580
EP 586
DI 10.1242/bio.20134358
PG 7
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA V36IP
UT WOS:000209206300006
PM 23789108
ER
PT J
AU Breyta, R
Jones, A
Stewart, B
Brunson, R
Thomas, J
Kerwin, J
Bertolini, J
Mumford, S
Patterson, C
Kurath, G
AF Breyta, Rachel
Jones, Amelia
Stewart, Bruce
Brunson, Ray
Thomas, Joan
Kerwin, John
Bertolini, Jim
Mumford, Sonia
Patterson, Chris
Kurath, Gael
TI Emergence of MD type infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in
Washington State coastal steelhead trout
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE IHNV; Phylogenetic; Rhabdovirus; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Oncorhynchus
nerka; Washington; North America
ID RAINBOW-TROUT; SOCKEYE-SALMON; VIRULENCE MECHANISMS; GENETIC DIVERSITY;
EVOLUTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; AQUACULTURE; CALIFORNIA; GENOGROUP; DISEASES
AB Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) occurs in North America as 3 major phylogenetic groups designated U, M, and L. In coastal Washington State, IHNV has historically consisted of U genogroup viruses found predominantly in sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka. M genogroup IHNV, which has host-specific virulence for rainbow and steelhead trout O. mykiss, was detected only once in coastal Washington prior to 2007, in an epidemic among juvenile steelhead trout in 1997. Beginning in 2007 and continuing through 2011, there were 8 IHNV epidemics in juvenile steelhead trout, involving 7 different fish culture facilities in 4 separate watersheds. During the same time period, IHNV was also detected in asymptomatic adult steelhead trout from 6 coastal watersheds. Genetic typing of 283 recent virus isolates from coastal Washington revealed that the great majority were in the M genogroup of IHNV and that there were 2 distinct waves of viral emergence between the years 2007 and 2011. IHNV type mG110M was dominant in coastal steelhead trout during 2007 to 2009, and type mG139M was dominant between 2010 and 2011. Phylogenetic analysis of viral isolates indicated that all coastal M genogroup viruses detected in 1997 and 2007 to 2011 were part of the MD subgroup and that several novel genetic variants related to the dominant types arose in the coastal sites. Comparison of spatial and temporal incidence of coastal MD viruses with that of the rest of the Pacific Northwest indicated that the likely source of the emergent viruses was Columbia River Basin steelhead trout.
C1 [Breyta, Rachel; Jones, Amelia] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Breyta, Rachel; Jones, Amelia; Kurath, Gael] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Stewart, Bruce; Bertolini, Jim] Northwest Indian Fisheries Commiss, Olympia, WA 98516 USA.
[Brunson, Ray; Mumford, Sonia; Patterson, Chris] US Fish & Wildlife Serv Lacey, Washington, DC 98503 USA.
[Thomas, Joan; Kerwin, John] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
RP Breyta, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM rbjmax@uw.edu
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U1 1
U2 21
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD JUN 13
PY 2013
VL 104
IS 3
BP 179
EP 195
DI 10.3354/dao02596
PG 17
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 163FJ
UT WOS:000320321000001
PM 23759556
ER
PT J
AU Robertson, LS
Fellers, GM
Marranca, JM
Kleeman, PM
AF Robertson, Laura S.
Fellers, Gary M.
Marranca, Jamie Marie
Kleeman, Patrick M.
TI Expression analysis and identification of antimicrobial peptide
transcripts from six North American frog species
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Non-lethal collection; Skin secretions; Antimicrobial peptides; Foothill
yellow-legged frog; California red-legged frog; Sierra Nevada
yellow-legged frog; Pacific treefrog; Real-time PCR
ID GLOBAL AMPHIBIAN DECLINES; FUNGUS BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS;
MESSENGER-RNA QUANTIFICATION; HOST-DEFENSE PEPTIDES; TIME RT-PCR;
CHYTRID FUNGUS; SKIN SECRETIONS; PROTEIN ABUNDANCE; LEGGED FROGS;
GREEN-I
AB Frogs secrete antimicrobial peptides onto their skin. We describe an assay to preserve and analyze antimicrobial peptide transcripts from field-collected skin secretions that will complement existing methods for peptide analysis. We collected skin secretions from 4 North American species in the field in California and 2 species in the laboratory. Most frogs appeared healthy after release; however, Rana boylii in the Sierra Nevada foothills, but not the Coast Range, showed signs of morbidity and 2 died after handling. The amount of total RNA extracted from skin secretions was higher in R. boylii and R. sierrae compared to R. draytonii, and much higher compared to Pseudacris regilla. Interspecies variation in amount of RNA extracted was not explained by size, but for P. regilla it depended upon collection site and date. RNA extracted from skin secretions from frogs handled with bare hands had poor quality compared to frogs handled with gloves or plastic bags. Thirty-four putative antimicrobial peptide precursor transcripts were identified. This study demonstrates that RNA extracted from skin secretions collected in the field is of high quality suitable for use in sequencing or quantitative PCR (qPCR). However, some species do not secrete profusely, resulting in very little extracted RNA. The ability to measure transcript abundance of antimicrobial peptides in field-collected skin secretions complements proteomic analyses and may provide insight into transcriptional mechanisms that could affect peptide abundance.
C1 [Robertson, Laura S.; Marranca, Jamie Marie] USGS, Leetown Sci Ctr, Leetown, WV 25430 USA.
[Fellers, Gary M.; Kleeman, Patrick M.] USGS, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA.
RP Robertson, LS (reprint author), USGS, Leetown Sci Ctr, Leetown, WV 25430 USA.
EM lrobertson@usgs.gov
FU Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative of the US Geological Survey
FX We thank C. Densmore for providing Lithobates clamitans and for critical
reading of the manuscript. This work was funded by the Amphibian
Research and Monitoring Initiative of the US Geological Survey. Any use
of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government. This is contribution
437 of the US Geological Survey Amphibian Research and Monitoring
Initiative.
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PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD JUN 13
PY 2013
VL 104
IS 3
BP 225
EP +
DI 10.3354/dao02601
PG 16
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 163FJ
UT WOS:000320321000005
PM 23759560
ER
PT J
AU Borgmann, KL
Conway, CJ
Morrison, ML
AF Borgmann, Kathi L.
Conway, Courtney J.
Morrison, Michael L.
TI Breeding Phenology of Birds: Mechanisms Underlying Seasonal Declines in
the Risk of Nest Predation
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; CLUTCH SIZE; BEHAVIORAL INDICATORS; INCUBATION
BEHAVIOR; DUSKY FLYCATCHER; SITE SELECTION; SONGBIRD NESTS; GREAT TIT;
SPACE USE; SURVIVAL
AB Seasonal declines in avian clutch size are well documented, but seasonal variation in other reproductive parameters has received less attention. For example, the probability of complete brood mortality typically explains much of the variation in reproductive success and often varies seasonally, but we know little about the underlying cause of that variation. This oversight is surprising given that nest predation influences many other life-history traits and varies throughout the breeding season in many songbirds. To determine the underlying causes of observed seasonal decreases in risk of nest predation, we modeled nest predation of Dusky Flycatchers (Empidonax oberholseri) in northern California as a function of foliage phenology, energetic demand, developmental stage, conspecific nest density, food availability for nest predators, and nest predator abundance. Seasonal variation in the risk of nest predation was not associated with seasonal changes in energetic demand, conspecific nest density, or predator abundance. Instead, seasonal variation in the risk of nest predation was associated with foliage density (early, but not late, in the breeding season) and seasonal changes in food available to nest predators. Supplemental food provided to nest predators resulted in a numerical response by nest predators, increasing the risk of nest predation at nests that were near supplemental feeders. Our results suggest that seasonal changes in foliage density and factors associated with changes in food availability for nest predators are important drivers of temporal patterns in risk of avian nest predation.
C1 [Borgmann, Kathi L.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Conway, Courtney J.] Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Morrison, Michael L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Borgmann, KL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM klborgmann@gmail.com
OI Chiaradia, Andre/0000-0002-6178-4211
FU United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin
Management Unit, Cooper Ornithological Society; University of Arizona's
Silliman Research Grant; Biosphere 2 at the University of Arizona; NSF
GK-12 BioME teaching fellowship at the University of Arizona
FX Support was provided by contributions from United States Department of
Agriculture Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit, Cooper
Ornithological Society (Mewaldt-King Research Award), The University of
Arizona's Silliman Research Grant, Biosphere 2 at the University of
Arizona, and NSF GK-12 BioME teaching fellowship at the University of
Arizona. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 89
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PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUN 12
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 6
AR e65909
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0065909
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 163FW
UT WOS:000320322400062
PM 23776566
ER
PT J
AU Bijl, PK
Bendle, JAP
Bohaty, SM
Pross, J
Schouten, S
Tauxe, L
Stickley, CE
Mckay, RM
Rohl, U
Olney, M
Sluijs, A
Escutia, C
Brinkhuis, H
Klaus, A
Fehr, A
Williams, T
Carr, SA
Dunbar, RB
Gonzalez, JJ
Hayden, TG
Iwai, M
Jimenez-Espejo, FJ
Katsuki, K
Kong, GS
Nakai, M
Passchier, S
Pekar, SF
Riesselman, C
Sakai, T
Shrivastava, PK
Sugisaki, S
Tuo, S
van De Flierdt, T
Welsh, K
Yamane, M
AF Bijl, Peter K.
Bendle, James A. P.
Bohaty, Steven M.
Pross, Joerg
Schouten, Stefan
Tauxe, Lisa
Stickley, Catherine E.
McKay, Robert M.
Roehl, Ursula
Olney, Matthew
Sluijs, Appy
Escutia, Carlota
Brinkhuis, Henk
Klaus, Adam
Fehr, Annick
Williams, Trevor
Carr, Stephanie A.
Dunbar, Robert B.
Gonzalez, Jhon J.
Hayden, Travis G.
Iwai, Masao
Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J.
Katsuki, Kota
Kong, Gee Soo
Nakai, Mutsumi
Passchier, Sandra
Pekar, Stephen F.
Riesselman, Christina
Sakai, Toyosaburo
Shrivastava, Prakash K.
Sugisaki, Saiko
Tuo, Shouting
van de Flierdt, Tina
Welsh, Kevin
Yamane, Masako
CA Expedition 318 Scientists
TI Eocene cooling linked to early flow across the Tasmanian Gateway
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE climate cooling; dinoflagellate cysts; organic palaeothermometry;
paleoceanography
ID SOUTHWEST PACIFIC-OCEAN; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; TETRAETHER LIPIDS;
MEMBRANE-LIPIDS; GLOBAL CLIMATE; ANTARCTICA; GREENHOUSE; SEA; EVOLUTION;
PALEOGENE
AB The warmest global temperatures of the past 85 million years occurred during a prolonged greenhouse episode known as the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (52-50 Ma). The Early Eocene Climatic Optimum terminated with a long-term cooling trend that culminated in continental-scale glaciation of Antarctica from 34 Ma onward. Whereas early studies attributed the Eocene transition from greenhouse to icehouse climates to the tectonic opening of Southern Ocean gateways, more recent investigations invoked a dominant role of declining atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations (e.g., CO2). However, the scarcity of field data has prevented empirical evaluation of these hypotheses. We present marine microfossil and organic geochemical records spanning the early-to-middle Eocene transition from the Wilkes Land Margin, East Antarctica. Dinoflagellate biogeography and sea surface temperature paleothermometry reveal that the earliest throughflow of a westbound Antarctic Counter Current began similar to 49-50 Ma through a southern opening of the Tasmanian Gateway. This early opening occurs in conjunction with the simultaneous onset of regional surface water and continental cooling (2-4 degrees C), evidenced by biomarker- and pollen-based paleothermometry. We interpret that the westbound flowing current flow across the Tasmanian Gateway resulted in cooling of Antarctic surface waters and coasts, which was conveyed to global intermediate waters through invigorated deep convection in southern high latitudes. Although atmospheric CO2 forcing alone would provide a more uniform middle Eocene cooling, the opening of the Tasmanian Gateway better explains Southern Ocean surface water and global deep ocean cooling in the apparent absence of (sub-) equatorial cooling.
C1 [Bijl, Peter K.; Sluijs, Appy; Brinkhuis, Henk] Univ Utrecht, Dept Earth Sci, Fac Geosci, NL-3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Bendle, James A. P.] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Bohaty, Steven M.] Univ Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England.
[Pross, Joerg] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Geosci, Paleoenvironm Dynam Grp, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Pross, Joerg] Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Schouten, Stefan; Brinkhuis, Henk] NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.
[Tauxe, Lisa] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Geosci Res Div, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Stickley, Catherine E.] Univ Troms, Dept Geol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway.
[McKay, Robert M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Antarctic Res Ctr, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
[Roehl, Ursula] Univ Bremen, MARUM Ctr Marine Environm Sci, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Olney, Matthew] Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Escutia, Carlota] Univ Granada, Consejo Super Invest Cient Spain, Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra, Granada 18002, Spain.
[Klaus, Adam] Texas A&M Univ, US Implementing Org, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[Fehr, Annick] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Appl Geophys & Geothermal Energy, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
[Williams, Trevor] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Geol Observ, Borehole Res Grp, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Carr, Stephanie A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Dunbar, Robert B.; Pekar, Stephen F.] Stanford Univ, Dept Environm Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Gonzalez, Jhon J.; Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J.] Univ Granada, Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra, CSIC, Granada, Spain.
[Hayden, Travis G.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
[Iwai, Masao] Kochi Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Kochi, Japan.
[Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J.] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Inst Res Earth Evolut, 2-15 Natsushimacho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[Katsuki, Kota] Kochi Univ, Marine Ctr Adv Core Res, Kochi, Japan.
[Kong, Gee Soo] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resource, Petr & Marine Res Div, Daejeon 305350, South Korea.
[Nakai, Mutsumi] Daito Bunka Univ, Dept Educ, Itabashi Ku, 1-9-1 Takashima Daira, Tokyo 1758571, Japan.
[Passchier, Sandra] Montclair State Univ, Earth & Environm Studies, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
[Pekar, Stephen F.] CUNY Queens Coll, Sch Earth & Environm Studies, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
[Pekar, Stephen F.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Palaeoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Sakai, Toyosaburo] Utsunomiya Univ, Dept Geol, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 3218505, Japan.
[Shrivastava, Prakash K.] NIT, NH5P, Geol Survey India, Antarctica Div, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
[Sugisaki, Saiko] Grad Univ Adv Studies, Dept Polar Sci, Tachikawa, Tokyo 1908518, Japan.
[Sugisaki, Saiko] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, 2-15 Natsushimacho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[Sugisaki, Saiko] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Tuo, Shouting] Tongji Univ, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
[van de Flierdt, Tina] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Welsh, Kevin] Univ Queensland, Sch Earth Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Yamane, Masako] Univ Tokyo, Earth & Planetary Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
RP Bijl, PK (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Dept Earth Sci, Fac Geosci, NL-3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands.
EM p.k.bijl@uu.nl
RI Escutia, Carlota/B-8614-2015; McKay, Robert/N-2449-2015; Passchier,
Sandra/B-1993-2008; Rohl, Ursula/G-5986-2011; Sluijs, Appy/B-3726-2009
OI Escutia, Carlota/0000-0002-4932-8619; McKay, Robert/0000-0002-5602-6985;
Passchier, Sandra/0000-0001-7204-7025; Rohl, Ursula/0000-0001-9469-7053;
Sluijs, Appy/0000-0003-2382-0215
FU Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research [86610110]; LPP
Foundation; Natural Environmental Research Council (NERC); IODP-Unite
Kingdom for Standard Research Grant [NE/I00646X/1]; Cruise Participation
Grant [NE/H014616/1]; NERC [NE/H020098/1, NE/J019801/1]; German Research
Foundation [PR 651/10, RO 1113/6]; Biodiversity and Climate Research
Center (BIK-F) within the Hessian Initiative for Scientific and Economic
Excellence (LOEWE); National Science Foundation [OCE 1058858]; European
Research Council [259627]
FX The authors thank Peter J. Hill and Neville F. Exon for discussions.
This research used samples from the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) and the
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP). P.K.B. and H.B. thank the
Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research [Grant 86610110 (to
H.B.)] and the LPP Foundation for funding, and N.L.D. Welters for sample
processing. J.A.P.B. acknowledges the Natural Environmental Research
Council (NERC) and IODP-Unite Kingdom for Standard Research Grant
NE/I00646X/1 and Cruise Participation Grant NE/H014616/1. S.M.B.
acknowledges NERC for Cruise Participation Grant NE/H020098/1 and
postcruise research support (Grant NE/J019801/1). J.P. and U.R.
acknowledge support through German Research Foundation Grants PR 651/10
and RO 1113/6. J.P. was supported by the Biodiversity and Climate
Research Center (BIK-F) within the Hessian Initiative for Scientific and
Economic Excellence (LOEWE). L.T. acknowledges support from National
Science Foundation Grant OCE 1058858. A.S. thanks the European Research
Council for Starting Grant 259627.
NR 45
TC 52
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U1 6
U2 72
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUN 11
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 24
BP 9645
EP 9650
DI 10.1073/pnas.1220872110
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 171LM
UT WOS:000320930100026
PM 23720311
ER
PT J
AU Vincenzi, S
Hatch, S
Mangel, M
Kitaysky, A
AF Vincenzi, Simone
Hatch, Scott
Mangel, Marc
Kitaysky, Alexander
TI Food availability affects onset of reproduction in a long-lived seabird
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE recruitment; social rank; developmental stress; productivity; predictive
adaptive response
ID BLACK-LEGGED KITTIWAKES; BREEDING HABITAT SELECTION; RISSA-TRIDACTYLA;
PHENOTYPIC DEVELOPMENT; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SURVIVAL; SUCCESS; CHICKS;
AGE; RESPONSES
AB Life-history theory predicts that suboptimal developmental conditions may lead to faster life histories (younger age at recruitment and higher reproductive investment), but experimental testing of this prediction is still scarce in long-lived species. We report the effects of an experimental manipulation of food availability during early development and at recruitment on the onset of reproduction and reproductive performance (productivity at first breeding) in a long-lived seabird, the black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla, breeding on Middleton Island, Alaska. Birds were born and raised in nests with supplemented food ('fed') or unsupplemented control nests ('unfed'), and later recruited into either fed or unfed nests. Fed chicks grew faster than unfed chicks, and males grew faster than females. Birds were more likely to reproduce at younger ages when recruiting into fed nests. Faster growth during development tended to increase age at recruitment in all individuals. Social rank of individuals also affected age at recruitment: B-chicks recruited earlier than A-chicks and singletons recruited later than A-and B-chicks. Productivity increased with the age at recruitment and growth rate as chick, but much of the variability remained unexplained. We conclude that results of this study at least partially support predictions of life-history theory: younger age at first breeding for kittiwakes that experienced suboptimal natal conditions, as well as greater productivity of early recruiting kittiwakes that grew in control nests compared with those that grew in food-supplemented nests.
C1 [Vincenzi, Simone; Mangel, Marc] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Vincenzi, Simone] MRAG Amer, Capitola, CA 95010 USA.
[Hatch, Scott] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Mangel, Marc] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
[Kitaysky, Alexander] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Inst Art Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Vincenzi, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM simon.vincenz@gmail.com
FU North Pacific Research Board [320, B74, B67, B77]
FX This work was supported by the North Pacific Research Board (project no.
320, BEST-BSIERP Projects B74, B67 and B77). Many volunteer and student
fieldworkers assisted in the field. We thank in particular the several
camp leaders who supervised Middleton Island fieldwork in 2 or more
years: V. A. Gill, C. Sterne, N. A. Bargmann, A. M. Ramey, J. Kotzerka,
T. van Nus and L. Agdere. We thank Will Satterthwaite, Morgan
Benowitz-Fredericks and two anonymous reviewers for comments that helped
improve the manuscript. Any use of trade names is only for descriptive
purposes and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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U1 1
U2 56
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD JUN 7
PY 2013
VL 280
IS 1760
AR 20130554
DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.0554
PG 9
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 131VH
UT WOS:000318024600015
PM 23576791
ER
PT J
AU Hall, JS
TeSlaa, JL
Nashold, SW
Halpin, RA
Stockwell, T
Wentworth, DE
Dugan, V
Ip, HS
AF Hall, Jeffrey S.
TeSlaa, Joshua L.
Nashold, Sean W.
Halpin, Rebecca A.
Stockwell, Timothy
Wentworth, David E.
Dugan, Vivien
Ip, Hon S.
TI Evolution of a reassortant North American gull influenza virus lineage:
drift, shift and stability
SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID AVIAN INFLUENZA; A VIRUSES
AB Background: The role of gulls in the ecology of avian influenza (AI) is different than that of waterfowl. Different constellations of subtypes circulate within the two groups of birds and AI viruses isolated from North American gulls frequently possess reassortant genomes with genetic elements from both North America and Eurasian lineages. A 2008 isolate from a Newfoundland Great Black-backed Gull contained a mix of North American waterfowl, North American gull and Eurasian lineage genes.
Methods: We isolated, sequenced and phylogenetically compared avian influenza viruses from 2009 Canadian wild birds.
Results: We analyzed six 2009 virus isolates from Canada and found the same phylogenetic lineage had persisted over a larger geographic area, with an expanded host range that included dabbling and diving ducks as well as gulls. All of the 2009 virus isolates contained an internal protein coding set of genes of the same Eurasian lineage genes except PB1 that was from a North American lineage, and these genes continued to evolve by genetic drift. We show evidence that the 2008 Great Black-backed Gull virus was derived from this lineage with a reassortment of a North American PA gene into the more stable core set of internal protein coding genes that has circulated in avian populations for at least 2 years. From this core, the surface glycoprotein genes have switched several times creating H13N6, H13N2, and H16N3 subtypes. These gene segments were from North American lineages except for the H16 and N3 vRNAs.
Conclusions: This process appears similar to genetic shifts seen with swine influenza where a stable "triple reassortant internal gene" core has circulated in swine populations with genetic shifts occurring with hemaggluttinin and neuraminidase proteins getting periodically switched. Thus gulls may serve as genetic mixing vessels for different lineages of avian influenza, similar to the role of swine with regards to human influenza. These findings illustrate the need for continued surveillance in gull and waterfowl populations, both on the Pacific and especially Atlantic coasts of North America, to document virus intercontinental movement and the role of gull species in the evolution and epidemiology of AI.
C1 [Hall, Jeffrey S.; TeSlaa, Joshua L.; Nashold, Sean W.; Ip, Hon S.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Halpin, Rebecca A.; Stockwell, Timothy; Wentworth, David E.; Dugan, Vivien] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA.
RP Hall, JS (reprint author), USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6007 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI USA.
EM jshall@usgs.gov
OI Hall, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5599-2826; TeSlaa, Joshua/0000-0001-7802-3454;
Wentworth, David/0000-0002-5190-980X; Nashold, Sean/0000-0002-8869-6633
FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National
Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services
[HHSN266200700007C, HHSN272200900007C, HHSN266200400041C]
FX The authors are grateful to the staff and scientists of the Canadian
Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre for collecting samples for this
project. Without their hard work this project could not have succeeded.
We would also like to thank Xudong Lin, Nadia Federova, and Dana Busam
at the J. Craig Venter Institute for the expert technical assistance
sequencing the viruses. Use of products or trade names is not an
endorsement of the United States government. This work has been funded
in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Institute of
Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,
Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract Nos.
HHSN266200700007C and HHSN272200900007C. Its contents do not necessarily
represent the official views of the NIH. Data was obtained from the
NIAID IRD online through the web site at http://www.fludb.org. The
Influenza Research Database Bioinformatics Resource Center has been
wholly funded with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy
and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of
Health and Human Services, under Contract No. HHSN266200400041C".
NR 16
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U1 0
U2 20
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1743-422X
J9 VIROL J
JI Virol. J.
PD JUN 6
PY 2013
VL 10
AR 179
DI 10.1186/1743-422X-10-179
PG 9
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 179JZ
UT WOS:000321517900001
PM 23742717
ER
PT J
AU Keville, MP
Reed, SC
Cleveland, CC
AF Keville, Megan P.
Reed, Sasha C.
Cleveland, Cory C.
TI Nitrogen Cycling Responses to Mountain Pine Beetle Disturbance in a High
Elevation Whitebark Pine Ecosystem
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM; INSECT DEFOLIATION; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS;
EXTRACTION METHOD; SOIL PROPERTIES; TREE MORTALITY; FIR FOREST; LOSSES;
CARBON; EXPORT
AB Ecological disturbances can significantly affect biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial ecosystems, but the biogeochemical consequences of the extensive mountain pine beetle outbreak in high elevation whitebark pine (WbP) (Pinus albicaulis) ecosystems of western North America have not been previously investigated. Mountain pine beetle attack has driven widespread WbP mortality, which could drive shifts in both the pools and fluxes of nitrogen (N) within these ecosystems. Because N availability can limit forest regrowth, understanding how beetle-induced mortality affects N cycling in WbP stands may be critical to understanding the trajectory of ecosystem recovery. Thus, we measured above-and belowground N pools and fluxes for trees representing three different times since beetle attack, including unattacked trees. Litterfall N inputs were more than ten times higher under recently attacked trees compared to unattacked trees. Soil inorganic N concentrations also increased following beetle attack, potentially driven by a more than two-fold increase in ammonium (NH4+) concentrations in the surface soil organic horizon. However, there were no significant differences in mineral soil inorganic N or soil microbial biomass N concentrations between attacked and unattacked trees, implying that short-term changes in N cycling in response to the initial stages of WbP attack were restricted to the organic horizon. Our results suggest that while mountain pine beetle attack drives a pulse of N from the canopy to the forest floor, changes in litterfall quality and quantity do not have profound effects on soil biogeochemical cycling, at least in the short-term. However, continuous observation of these important ecosystems will be crucial to determining the long-term biogeochemical effects of mountain pine beetle outbreaks.
C1 [Keville, Megan P.; Cleveland, Cory C.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Reed, Sasha C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA.
RP Cleveland, CC (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM Cory.Cleveland@umontana.edu
FU United States Department of Agriculture National Needs Fellowship
[USDA-CSREES 2008-38420-19524]; McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry
Research Program
FX Funding sources include a United States Department of Agriculture
National Needs Fellowship (USDA-CSREES
2008-38420-19524)(http://www.csrees.usda.gov/fo/nationalneedsgraduatefel
lowships.cfm) and a grant from the McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry
Research Program. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 49
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U1 2
U2 40
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUN 5
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 6
AR e65004
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0065004
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 166TB
UT WOS:000320579400034
PM 23755166
ER
PT J
AU Graham, AM
Aiken, GR
Gilmour, CC
AF Graham, Andrew M.
Aiken, George R.
Gilmour, Cynthia C.
TI Effect of Dissolved Organic Matter Source and Character on Microbial Hg
Methylation in Hg-S-DOM Solutions
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DESULFOBULBUS-PROPIONICUS 1PR3; AQUATIC HUMIC SUBSTANCES; METHYLMERCURY
PRODUCTION; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; MERCURY METHYLATION; SULFIDE
NANOPARTICLES; ESTUARINE SEDIMENT; PURE CULTURES; BINDING;
BIOAVAILABILITY
AB Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a key component of fate and transport models for most metals, including mercury (Hg). Utilizing a suite of diverse DOM isolates, we demonstrated that DOM character, in addition to concentration, influences inorganic Hg (Hg(II)(i)) bioavailability to Hg-rnethylating bacteria. Using a model Hg-methylating bacterium, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ND132, we evaluated Hg-DOM-sulfide bioavailability in washed-cell assays at environmentally relevant Hg/DOM ratios (similar to 1-8 ng Hg/mg C) and sulfide concentrations (1-1000 mu M). All tested DOM isolates significantly enhanced Hg methylation above DOM-free controls (from similar to 2 to >20-fold for 20 mg C/L DOM solutions), but high molecular weight/highly aromatic DOM isolates and/or those with high sulfur content were particularly effective at enhancing Hg methylation. Because these experiments were conducted under conditions of predicted supersaturation with respect to metacinnabar (beta-HgS(s)), we attribute the DOM-dependent enhancement of Hg(II)(i) bioavailability to steric and specific chemical (e.g., DOM thiols) inhibition of beta-HgS(s) growth and aggregation by DOM. Experiments examining the role of DOM across a wide sulfide, gradient revealed that DOM only enhances Hg methylation under fairly low sulfide conditions (less than or similar to 30 mu M), conditions that favor HgS nanoparticle/cluster formation relative to dissolved HgS species.
C1 [Graham, Andrew M.] Grinnell Coll, Noyce Sci Ctr, Dept Chem, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA.
[Graham, Andrew M.; Gilmour, Cynthia C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Aiken, George R.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Graham, AM (reprint author), Grinnell Coll, Noyce Sci Ctr, Dept Chem, 1116 8th Ave, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA.
EM grahaman@grinnell.edu
RI Gilmour, Cynthia/G-1784-2010
OI Gilmour, Cynthia/0000-0002-1720-9498
FU U.S. Department of Energy under the Subsurface Biogeochemical Research
Program; Office of Science, through the Mercury Science Focus Area
Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. National Science
Foundation [DEB0351050]; U.S. Geological Survey Priority Ecosystems and
Toxics Substances Hydrology Programs
FX We thank A. Bullock, A. Maizel, G. Riedel, Tyler Bell (SERC), K. Butler
and B. Poulin (USGS) for laboratory assistance. This paper benefited
from the instructive comments of Jeff Jeremiason and three anonymous
reviewers. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy
under the Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program, Office of Science,
through the Mercury Science Focus Area Program at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, by U.S. National Science Foundation grant DEB0351050 to A.
Heyes and C.C.G., and by the U.S. Geological Survey Priority Ecosystems
and Toxics Substances Hydrology Programs. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 59
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U1 9
U2 125
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUN 4
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 11
BP 5746
EP 5754
DI 10.1021/es400414a
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 160DO
UT WOS:000320097400031
PM 23634978
ER
PT J
AU Riva-Murray, K
Bradley, PM
Eikenberry, BCS
Knightes, CD
Journey, CA
Brigham, ME
Button, DT
AF Riva-Murray, Karen
Bradley, Paul M.
Eikenberry, Barbara C. Scudder
Knightes, Christopher D.
Journey, Celeste A.
Brigham, Mark E.
Button, Daniel T.
TI Optimizing Stream Water Mercury Sampling for Calculation of Fish
Bioaccumulation Factors
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FOOD WEBS; METHYLMERCURY; MODELS; LEVEL
AB Mercury (Hg) bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) for game fishes are widely employed for monitoring, assessment, and regulatory purposes. Mercury BAFs are calculated as the fish Hg concentration (H-gfish) divided by the water Hg concentration (Hg-water) and, consequently, are sensitive to sampling and analysis artifacts for fish and water. We evaluated the influence of water sample timing, filtration, and mercury species on the modeled relation between game fish and water mercury concentrations across 11 streams and rivers in five states in order to identify optimum Hg-water sampling approaches. Each model included fish trophic position, to account for a wide range of species collected among sites, and flow-weighted Hg-water estimates. Models were evaluated for parsimony, using Akaike's Information Criterion. Better models included filtered water methylmercury (FMeHg) or unfiltered water methylmercury (UMeHg), whereas filtered total mercury did not meet parsimony requirements. Models including mean annual FMeHg were superior to those with mean FMeHg calculated over shorter time periods throughout the year. FMeHg models including metrics of high concentrations (80th percentile and above) observed during the year performed better, in general. These higher concentrations occurred most often during the growing season at all sites. Streamflow was significantly related to the probability of achieving higher concentrations during the growing season at six sites, but the direction of influence varied among sites. These findings indicate that streamwater Hg collection can be optimized by evaluating site-specific FMeHg - UMeHg relations, intra-annual temporal variation in their concentrations, and streamflow-Hg dynamics.
C1 [Riva-Murray, Karen] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Bradley, Paul M.; Journey, Celeste A.] US Geol Survey, Stephenson Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
[Eikenberry, Barbara C. Scudder] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Knightes, Christopher D.] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Brigham, Mark E.] US Geol Survey, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA.
[Button, Daniel T.] US Geol Survey, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
RP Riva-Murray, K (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM krmurray@usgs.gov
OI Journey, Celeste/0000-0002-2284-5851; Brigham, Mark/0000-0001-7412-6800
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program; Toxic
Substances Hydrology Programs
FX The U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment and Toxic
Substances Hydrology Programs supported this research. We thank the
following for site access or field support: H.J. Andrews Experimental
Forest in Oregon, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality; Beaverton
(Oregon) School District; Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin, the
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; the Adirondack Ecological
Center (State University of New York College of Environmental Science
and Forestry), The Nature Conservancy, Finch Pruyn & Company, and RMK
Timberland; the family of Senator Strom Thurmond; St. Johns River Water
Management District, Florida, Florida Department of Environmental
Protection, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission. We thank
three anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions, and we thank
Dorene MacCoy (USGS) for helpful comments on an earlier version of this
manuscript. The water image in the Table of Contents artwork was from a
photo by Karen Laubenstein (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2008,
http://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/singleitem/collection/natdiglib/id/1505/
rec/16) and the largemouth bass image was from a photo by David A. Saad
(USGS, 2011).'
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U1 2
U2 29
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUN 4
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 11
BP 5904
EP 5912
DI 10.1021/es303758e
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 160DO
UT WOS:000320097400051
PM 23668662
ER
PT J
AU Blois, JL
Williams, JW
Fitzpatrick, MC
Jackson, ST
Ferrier, S
AF Blois, Jessica L.
Williams, John W.
Fitzpatrick, Matthew C.
Jackson, Stephen T.
Ferrier, Simon
TI Space can substitute for time in predicting climate-change effects on
biodiversity
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE fossil pollen; global change; paleoecology; generalized dissimilarity
modeling
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; LATE-QUATERNARY; CARBON-DIOXIDE;
COMMUNITY-LEVEL; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; GLOBAL CHANGE; DIVERSITY;
DISTRIBUTIONS; VARIABILITY; SUCCESSION
AB "Space-for-time" substitution is widely used in biodiversity modeling to infer past or future trajectories of ecological systems from contemporary spatial patterns. However, the foundational assumption-that drivers of spatial gradients of species composition also drive temporal changes in diversity-rarely is tested. Here, we empirically test the space-for-time assumption by constructing orthogonal datasets of compositional turnover of plant taxa and climatic dissimilarity through time and across space from Late Quaternary pollen records in eastern North America, then modeling climate-driven compositional turnover. Predictions relying on space-for-time substitution were similar to 72% as accurate as "time-for-time" predictions. However, space-for-time substitution performed poorly during the Holocene when temporal variation in climate was small relative to spatial variation and required subsampling to match the extent of spatial and temporal climatic gradients. Despite this caution, our results generally support the judicious use of space-for-time substitution in modeling community responses to climate change.
C1 [Blois, Jessica L.; Williams, John W.] Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Blois, Jessica L.; Williams, John W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Fitzpatrick, Matthew C.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA.
[Jackson, Stephen T.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Climate Sci Ctr, Dept Interior, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Ferrier, Simon] CSIRO, Climate Adaptat Flagship, Ecosyst Sci, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
RP Blois, JL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jblois@ucmerced.edu
RI Blois, Jessica/G-5893-2011; Ferrier, Simon/C-1490-2009; Fitzpatrick,
Matthew/F-7620-2010
OI Blois, Jessica/0000-0003-4048-177X; Ferrier, Simon/0000-0001-7884-2388;
Fitzpatrick, Matthew/0000-0003-1911-8407
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0844223, DEB-0949308]; US Department of
Energy's National Institute for Climate Change Research
[3892-HU-DOE-4157]; University of Maryland Center for Environmental
Science
FX We thank the editor and three anonymous reviewers. This project was
funded by the National Science Foundation (EAR-0844223 and DEB-0949308).
M.C.F. acknowledges support from the US Department of Energy's National
Institute for Climate Change Research through Subaward 3892-HU-DOE-4157
and support from University of Maryland Center for Environmental
Science. This is University of Wisconsin Center for Climatic Research
Publication 1132.
NR 54
TC 88
Z9 88
U1 15
U2 168
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUN 4
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 23
BP 9374
EP 9379
DI 10.1073/pnas.1220228110
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 165SD
UT WOS:000320503000047
PM 23690569
ER
PT J
AU Smith, DJ
Griffin, DW
AF Smith, David Joseph
Griffin, Dale Warren
TI Inadequate methods and questionable conclusions in atmospheric life
study
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Smith, David Joseph] NASA, Surface Syst Off, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
[Griffin, Dale Warren] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Smith, DJ (reprint author), NASA, Surface Syst Off, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
EM david.j.smith-3@nasa.gov
NR 3
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 11
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUN 4
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 23
BP E2084
EP E2084
DI 10.1073/pnas.1302612110
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 165SD
UT WOS:000320503000001
PM 23633574
ER
PT J
AU Wittke, JH
Weaver, JC
Bunch, TE
Kennett, JP
Kennett, DJ
Moore, AMT
Hillman, GC
Tankersley, KB
Goodyear, AC
Moore, CR
Daniel, IR
Ray, JH
Lopinot, NH
Ferraro, D
Israde-Alcantara, I
Bischoff, JL
DeCarli, PS
Hermes, RE
Kloosterman, JB
Revay, Z
Howard, GA
Kimbel, DR
Kletetschka, G
Nabelek, L
Lipo, CP
Sakai, S
West, A
Firestone, RB
AF Wittke, James H.
Weaver, James C.
Bunch, Ted E.
Kennett, James P.
Kennett, Douglas J.
Moore, Andrew M. T.
Hillman, Gordon C.
Tankersley, Kenneth B.
Goodyear, Albert C.
Moore, Christopher R.
Daniel, I. Randolph, Jr.
Ray, Jack H.
Lopinot, Neal H.
Ferraro, David
Israde-Alcantara, Isabel
Bischoff, James L.
DeCarli, Paul S.
Hermes, Robert E.
Kloosterman, Johan B.
Revay, Zsolt
Howard, George A.
Kimbel, David R.
Kletetschka, Gunther
Nabelek, Ladislav
Lipo, Carl P.
Sakai, Sachiko
West, Allen
Firestone, Richard B.
TI Evidence for deposition of 10 million tonnes of impact spherules across
four continents 12,800 y ago
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Clovis-Folsom; lechatelierite; tektite; wildfires
ID EXTRATERRESTRIAL IMPACT; COSMIC SPHERULES; INDEPENDENT EVALUATION;
MURRAY SPRINGS; BLACK MAT; YOUNGER; BOUNDARY; HYPOTHESIS; EXTINCTIONS;
METEORITE
AB Airbursts/impacts by a fragmented comet or asteroid have been proposed at the Younger Dryas onset (12.80 +/- 0.15 ka) based on identification of an assemblage of impact-related proxies, including microspherules, nanodiamonds, and iridium. Distributed across four continents at the Younger Dryas boundary (YDB), spherule peaks have been independently confirmed in eight studies, but unconfirmed in two others, resulting in continued dispute about their occurrence, distribution, and origin. To further address this dispute and better identify YDB spherules, we present results from one of the largest spherule investigations ever undertaken regarding spherule geochemistry, morphologies, origins, and processes of formation. We investigated 18 sites across North America, Europe, and the Middle East, performing nearly 700 analyses on spherules using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for geochemical analyses and scanning electron microscopy for surface microstructural characterization. Twelve locations rank among the world's premier end-Pleistocene archaeological sites, where the YDB marks a hiatus in human occupation or major changes in site use. Our results are consistent with melting of sediments to temperatures >2,200 degrees C by the thermal radiation and air shocks produced by passage of an extraterrestrial object through the atmosphere; they are inconsistent with volcanic, cosmic, anthropogenic, lightning, or authigenic sources. We also produced spherules from wood in the laboratory at >1,730 degrees C, indicating that impact-related incineration of biomass may have contributed to spherule production. At 12.8 ka, an estimated 10 million tonnes of spherules were distributed across similar to 50 million square kilometers, similar to well-known impact strewnfields and consistent with a major cosmic impact event.
C1 [Wittke, James H.; Bunch, Ted E.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Geol Program, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Weaver, James C.] Harvard Univ, Wyss Inst Biol Inspired Engn, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kennett, James P.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Earth Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kennett, James P.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kennett, Douglas J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Anthropol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Moore, Andrew M. T.] Rochester Inst Technol, Coll Liberal Arts, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Hillman, Gordon C.] UCL, Inst Archaeol, London WC1H 0PY, England.
[Tankersley, Kenneth B.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Anthropol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Tankersley, Kenneth B.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Goodyear, Albert C.] Univ S Carolina, South Carolina Inst Archaeol & Anthropol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Moore, Christopher R.] Univ S Carolina, South Carolina Inst Archaeol & Anthropol, Savannah River Archaeol Res Program, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA.
[Daniel, I. Randolph, Jr.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Anthropol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
[Ray, Jack H.; Lopinot, Neal H.] Missouri State Univ, Ctr Archaeol Res, Springfield, MO 65897 USA.
[Ferraro, David] Viejo Calif Associates, Joshua Tree, CA 92252 USA.
[Israde-Alcantara, Isabel] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Dept Geolog & Mineral, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico.
[Bischoff, James L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[DeCarli, Paul S.] SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Hermes, Robert E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Kloosterman, Johan B.] Explorat Geologist, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Revay, Zsolt] Tech Univ Munich, Forsch Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier Leibnitz, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Howard, George A.] Restorat Syst, Raleigh, NC 27604 USA.
[Kimbel, David R.] Kimstar Res, Fayetteville, NC 28312 USA.
[Kletetschka, Gunther; Nabelek, Ladislav] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Prague 12843, Czech Republic.
[Nabelek, Ladislav] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Publ Res Inst, Inst Geol, Prague 16500, Czech Republic.
[Lipo, Carl P.; Sakai, Sachiko] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Inst Integrated Res Mat Environments & Soc, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
[West, Allen] GeoSci Consulting, Dewey, AZ 86327 USA.
[Firestone, Richard B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Bunch, TE (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Geol Program, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM tbear1@cableone.net
RI Kletetschka, Gunther/C-9996-2011; Nabelek, Ladislav/I-8782-2014;
Kennett, Douglas/I-7613-2015
OI Firestone, Richard/0000-0003-3833-5546; Kletetschka,
Gunther/0000-0002-0645-9037; Kennett, Douglas/0000-0001-5133-9010
FU Cleveland Museum of Natural History; Court Family Foundation; Charles
Phelps Taft Foundation; University of Cincinnati Research Council; US
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US National Science Foundation
[9986999, ATM-0713769, OCE-0825322]; Marine Geology and Geophysics;
Ministry of Education Youth and Sports [LK21303]
FX We are grateful for receiving crucial samples, data, and/or assistance
from William Topping, Vance Haynes, Joanne Dickinson, Don Simons, Scott
Harris, Malcolm LeCompte, Mark Demitroff, Yvonne Malinowski, Paula
Zitzelberger, and Lawrence Edge. Bulk sample collection and/or
preparation for various sites were conducted by Brendan Culleton, Carley
Smith, and Karen Thompson. Dustin Thompson produced an age-depth plot
for the Big Eddy site. Ferdi Geerts, Ab Goutbeek, and Henri Jutten
provided field assistance in the Netherlands and Belgium. The assistance
and support of Keith Hendricks of Indian Trail Caverns (Sheriden Cave),
Brian Redmond, and the Cleveland Museum of Natural History are greatly
appreciated, as are the suggestions of four anonymous reviewers. Support
for this study was provided by the Court Family Foundation, Charles
Phelps Taft Foundation, and University of Cincinnati Research Council
(K. B. T.); US Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 and US
National Science Foundation Grant 9986999 (to R. B. F.); US National
Science Foundation Grants ATM-0713769 and OCE-0825322, Marine Geology
and Geophysics (to J.P.K.); and Ministry of Education Youth and Sports
Grant LK21303 (to G.K.).
NR 65
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U2 86
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUN 4
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 23
BP E2088
EP E2097
DI 10.1073/pnas.1301760110
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 165SD
UT WOS:000320503000005
PM 23690611
ER
PT J
AU Hahn, DC
Summers, SG
Genovese, KJ
He, HQ
Kogut, MH
AF Hahn, D. Caldwell
Summers, Scott G.
Genovese, Kenneth J.
He, Haiqi
Kogut, Michael H.
TI Enhanced Innate Immune Responses in a Brood Parasitic Cowbird Species:
Degranulation and Oxidative Burst
SO AVIAN DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE innate immunity; oxidative burst; degranulation; eco-immunology;
cowbird; brood parasite; West Nile virus
ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; COMMERCIAL BROILER-CHICKENS; IN-VITRO;
EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; LIFE-HISTORY; BIRDS; HETEROPHILS; TRANSMISSION;
ENTERITIDIS; POPULATION
AB We examined the relative effectiveness of two innate immune responses in two species of New World blackbirds (Passeriformes, Icteridae) that differ in resistance to West Nile virus (WNV). We measured degranulation and oxidative burst, two fundamental components of phagocytosis, and we predicted that the functional effectiveness of these innate immune responses would correspond to the species' relative resistance to WNV. The brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater), an obligate brood parasite, had previously shown greater resistance to infection with WNV, lower viremia and faster recovery when infected, and lower subsequent antibody titers than the red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus), a close relative that is not a brood parasite. We found that cowbird leukocytes were significantly more functionally efficient than those of the blackbird leukocytes and 50% more effective at killing the challenge bacteria. These results suggest that further examination of innate immunity in the cowbird may provide insight into adaptations that underlie its greater resistance to WNV. These results support an eco-immunological interpretation that species like the cowbird, which inhabit ecological niches with heightened exposure to parasites, experience evolutionary selection for more effective immune responses.
C1 [Hahn, D. Caldwell] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Summers, Scott G.] Nature Conservancy, Killeen, TX 76544 USA.
[Genovese, Kenneth J.; He, Haiqi; Kogut, Michael H.] ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP Hahn, DC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM chahn@usgs.gov
FU United States Geological Survey-Patuxent Wildlife Research Center;
USDA-ARS-Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center
FX This work was supported by United States Geological Survey-Patuxent
Wildlife Research Center and by USDA-ARS-Southern Plains Agricultural
Research Center. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank The Nature Conservancy of
Texas and Fort Hood for assistance. We appreciate the comments of B. E.
Kus, K. D. Lafferty, and two anonymous reviewers, which improved the
manuscript.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS
PI ATHENS
PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA
SN 0005-2086
EI 1938-4351
J9 AVIAN DIS
JI Avian Dis.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 57
IS 2
BP 285
EP 289
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AD4CA
UT WOS:000333192600019
PM 24689187
ER
PT J
AU Gaikowski, MP
Wolf, JC
Schleis, SM
Tuomari, D
Endris, RG
AF Gaikowski, Mark P.
Wolf, Jeffrey C.
Schleis, Susan M.
Tuomari, Darrell
Endris, Richard G.
TI Safety of Florfenicol Administered in Feed to Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)
SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aquaflor (R); florfenicol; medicated feed; tilapia
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; CYPRINUS-CARPIO L; STREPTOCOCCUS-INIAE
INFECTION; RAINBOW-TROUT; EXPERIMENTAL-ANIMALS; ATLANTIC SALMON;
LYMPHOID ORGANS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; SUNSHINE BASS; IN-VITRO
AB The safety of Aquaflor (R) (50% w/w florfenicol [FFC]) incorporated in feed then administered to tilapia for 20 days (2 x the recommended duration) at 0, 15, 45, or 75 mg/kg body weight/day (0, 1, 3, or 5 x the recommended dose of 15 mg FFC/kg BW/d) was investigated. Mortality, behavioral change, feed consumption, body size, and gross and microscopic lesions were determined. Estimated delivered doses were >96.9% of target. Three unscheduled mortalities occurred but were considered incidental since FFC-related findings were not identified. Feed consumption was only affected during the last 10 dosing days when the 45 and 75 mg/kg groups consumed only 62.5% and 55.3% of the feed offered, respectively. There were significant, dose-dependent reductions in body size in the FFC-dose groups relative to the controls. Treatment-related histopathological findings included increased severity of lamellar epithelial hyperplasia, increased incidence of lamellar adhesions, decreased incidence of lamellar telangiectasis in the gills, increased glycogen-type and lipid-type hepatocellular vacuolation in the liver, decreased lymphocytes, increased blast cells, and increased individual cell necrosis in the anterior kidney, and tubular epithelial degeneration and mineralization in the posterior kidney. These changes are likely to be of minimal clinical relevance, given the lack of mortality or morbidity observed. This study has shown that FFC, when administered in feed to tilapia at the recommended dose (15 mg FFC/kg BW/day) for 10 days would be well tolerated.
C1 [Gaikowski, Mark P.; Schleis, Susan M.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Wolf, Jeffrey C.] Expt Pathol Labs, Sterling, VA USA.
[Tuomari, Darrell; Endris, Richard G.] Merck Anim Hlth, Summit, NJ USA.
RP Gaikowski, MP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM mgaikowski@usgs.gov
OI Gaikowski, Mark/0000-0002-6507-9341
FU Merck Animal Health through U.S. Geological Survey
FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for
the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study
was fully funded by Merck Animal Health through a Cooperative Research
and Development Agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government.
NR 52
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U1 1
U2 5
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0192-6233
EI 1533-1601
J9 TOXICOL PATHOL
JI Toxicol. Pathol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 4
BP 639
EP 652
DI 10.1177/0192623312463986
PG 14
WC Pathology; Toxicology
SC Pathology; Toxicology
GA AB0EL
UT WOS:000331464500004
PM 23104766
ER
PT J
AU Gardner, WP
Susong, DD
Solomon, DK
Heasler, HP
AF Gardner, W. Payton
Susong, David D.
Solomon, D. Kip
Heasler, Henry P.
TI Using environmental tracers and numerical simulation to investigate
regional hydrothermal basins-Norris Geyser Basin area, Yellowstone
National Park, USA
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrothermal; Tracers; Coupled Physics; Heat Flow; Regional Hydrology
ID GROUNDWATER-FLOW SYSTEMS; MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN; INTRUSION; DYNAMICS;
CALDERA; UPLIFT
AB Heat and fluid flow fields are simulated for several conceptual permeability fields and compared to processes inferred from environmental tracers in springs around Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park. Large hydrothermal basins require specific permeability distributions in the upper crust. High permeability connections must exist between the land surface and high-temperature environments at depths of up to 5 km. The highest modeled temperatures are produced with a vertical conduit permeability of 10(-15)m(2). Permeability at depths of 3-5 km must be within one order of magnitude of the near-surface permeability and must be10(-16)m(2). Environmental tracers from springs are used to develop a plausible numerical model of the local to regional groundwater flow field for the Norris Geyser Basin area. The model simulations provide insight into the dynamics of heat and fluid flow in a large regional hydrothermal system.
C1 [Gardner, W. Payton] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Susong, David D.] USGS Utah Water Sci Ctr, West Valley City, UT USA.
[Solomon, D. Kip] Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Heasler, Henry P.] Natl Pk Serv, Mammoth, WY USA.
RP Gardner, WP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM wpgardn@sandia.gov
RI Solomon, Douglas/C-7951-2016
OI Solomon, Douglas/0000-0001-6370-7124
FU National Park Service; University of Utah
FX The seismic interpretation benefited greatly from the help of Bob
Smith's group at the University of Utah including Jamie Farrell and
Christine Puskas. Reviews from David Chapman, B.J. McPherson, Steve
Ingebritsen and an anonymous reviewer greatly improved the manuscript.
This work was supported in part by the National Park Service and the
University of Utah.
NR 38
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U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 6
BP 2777
EP 2787
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50210
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 295LW
UT WOS:000330118600009
ER
PT J
AU Meighan, HE
Pulliam, J
ten Brink, U
Lopez-Venegas, AM
AF Meighan, Hallie E.
Pulliam, Jay
ten Brink, Uri
Lopez-Venegas, Alberto M.
TI Seismic evidence for a slab tear at the Puerto Rico Trench
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE subduction; slab-tear; caribbean; focal mechanism; stress inversion
ID OCEAN-BOTTOM SEISMOGRAPH; FOCAL-MECHANISM DATA; AMPLITUDE RATIOS;
SUBDUCTION ZONE; STRESS TENSOR; EARTHQUAKE RELOCATION;
SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; GPS MEASUREMENTS; CARIBBEAN
PLATE
AB The fore-arc region of the northeast Caribbean plate north of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands has been the site of numerous seismic swarms since at least 1976. A 6 month deployment of five ocean bottom seismographs recorded two such tightly clustered swarms, along with additional events. Joint analyses of the ocean bottom seismographs and land-based seismic data reveal that the swarms are located at depths of 50-150 km. Focal mechanism solutions, found by jointly fitting P wave first-motion polarities and S/P amplitude ratios, indicate that the broadly distributed events outside the swarm generally have strike- and dip-slip mechanisms at depths of 50-100 km, while events at depths of 100-150 km have oblique mechanisms. A stress inversion reveals two distinct stress regimes: The slab segment east of 65 degrees W longitude is dominated by trench-normal tensile stresses at shallower depths (50-100 km) and by trench-parallel tensile stresses at deeper depths (100-150 km), whereas the slab segment west of 65 degrees W longitude has tensile stresses that are consistently trench normal throughout the depth range at which events were observed (50-100 km). The simple stress pattern in the western segment implies relatively straightforward subduction of an unimpeded slab, while the stress pattern observed in the eastern segment, shallow trench-normal tension and deeper trench-normal compression, is consistent with flexure of the slab due to rollback. These results support the hypothesis that the subducting North American plate is tearing at or near these swarms. The 35 year record of seismic swarms at this location and the recent increase in seismicity suggest that the tear is still propagating.
C1 [Meighan, Hallie E.; Pulliam, Jay] Baylor Univ, Dept Geol, Waco, TX 76798 USA.
[ten Brink, Uri] USGS, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA.
[Lopez-Venegas, Alberto M.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Geol, Mayaguez, PR 00708 USA.
RP Meighan, HE (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Geol, One Bear Pl 97354, Waco, TX 76798 USA.
EM hallie_meighan@baylor.edu
RI ten Brink, Uri/A-1258-2008
OI Pulliam, Robert/0000-0001-7661-359X; ten Brink, Uri/0000-0001-6858-3001
NR 73
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U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 6
BP 2915
EP 2923
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50227
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 295LW
UT WOS:000330118600019
ER
PT J
AU McLaskey, GC
Kilgore, BD
AF McLaskey, Gregory C.
Kilgore, Brian D.
TI Foreshocks during the nucleation of stick-slip instability
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE laboratory earthquake; conditionally stable; foreshock; nucleation
ID EARTHQUAKE NUCLEATION; REPEATING EARTHQUAKES; SIMULATED FAULT; FRICTION
LAWS; ROCK FRICTION; PREDICTION; MODEL; PROPAGATION; PARKFIELD; GOUGE
AB We report on laboratory experiments which investigate interactions between aseismic slip, stress changes, and seismicity on a critically stressed fault during the nucleation of stick-slip instability. We monitor quasi-static and dynamic changes in local shear stress and fault slip with arrays of gages deployed along a simulated strike-slip fault (2m long and 0.4m deep) in a saw cut sample of Sierra White granite. With 14 piezoelectric sensors, we simultaneously monitor seismic signals produced during the nucleation phase and subsequent dynamic rupture. We observe localized aseismic fault slip in an approximately meter-sized zone in the center of the fault, while the ends of the fault remain locked. Clusters of high-frequency foreshocks (M-w similar to-6.5 to -5.0) can occur in this slowly slipping zone 5-50ms prior to the initiation of dynamic rupture; their occurrence appears to be dependent on the rate at which local shear stress is applied to the fault. The meter-sized nucleation zone is generally consistent with theoretical estimates, but source radii of the foreshocks (2 to 70mm) are 1 to 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the theoretical minimum length scale over which earthquake nucleation can occur. We propose that frictional stability and the transition between seismic and aseismic slip are modulated by local stressing rate and that fault sections, which would typically slip aseismically, may radiate seismic waves if they are rapidly stressed. Fault behavior of this type may provide physical insight into the mechanics of foreshocks, tremor, repeating earthquake sequences, and a minimum earthquake source dimension.
C1 [McLaskey, Gregory C.; Kilgore, Brian D.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP McLaskey, GC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM gmclaskey@usgs.gov
RI Kilgore, Brian/K-3433-2012
OI Kilgore, Brian/0000-0003-0530-7979
NR 68
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 6
BP 2982
EP 2997
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50232
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 295LW
UT WOS:000330118600023
ER
PT J
AU Aagaard, BT
Knepley, MG
Williams, CA
AF Aagaard, B. T.
Knepley, M. G.
Williams, C. A.
TI A domain decomposition approach to implementing fault slip in
finite-element models of quasi-static and dynamic crustal deformation
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE fault slip; finite-element modeling; crustal deformation; earthquake
physics
ID GROUND-MOTION; POSTSEISMIC DEFORMATION; SYNTHETIC SEISMICITY; EARTHQUAKE
RUPTURES; SUBDUCTION ZONE; CALIFORNIA; FRICTION; PARAMETERS; EQUATIONS;
STRESS
AB We employ a domain decomposition approach with Lagrange multipliers to implement fault slip in a finite-element code, PyLith, for use in both quasi-static and dynamic crustal deformation applications. This integrated approach to solving both quasi-static and dynamic simulations leverages common finite-element data structures and implementations of various boundary conditions, discretization schemes, and bulk and fault rheologies. We have developed a custom preconditioner for the Lagrange multiplier portion of the system of equations that provides excellent scalability with problem size compared to conventional additive Schwarz methods. We demonstrate application of this approach using benchmarks for both quasi-static viscoelastic deformation and dynamic spontaneous rupture propagation that verify the numerical implementation in PyLith.
C1 [Aagaard, B. T.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Knepley, M. G.] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Williams, C. A.] GNS Sci, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
RP Aagaard, BT (reprint author), USGS MS977, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM baagaard@usgs.gov
OI Aagaard, Brad/0000-0002-8795-9833
FU Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; Computational
Infrastructure for Geodynamics (NSF) [EAR-0949446]; NSF [EAR-0529922,
07HQAG0008, EAR/ITR-0313238, EAR-0745391]
FX We thank Sylvain Barbot, Ruth Harris, and Fred Pollitz for their careful
reviews of the manuscript. Development of PyLith has been supported by
the Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the
Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics (NSF grant EAR-0949446),
GNS Science, and the Southern California Earthquake Center. SCEC is
funded by NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR-0529922 and USGS Cooperative
Agreement 07HQAG0008. PyLith development has also been supported by NSF
grants EAR/ITR-0313238 and EAR-0745391. This is SCEC contribution number
1665. Several of the figures were produced using Matplotlib [Hunter,
2007] and PGF/TikZ (available from
http://sourceforge.net/projects/pgf/). Computing resources for the
parallel scalability benchmarks were provided by the Texas Advanced
Computing Center (TACC) at The University of Texas at Austin
(http://www.tacc.utexas.edu).
NR 66
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 3
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 6
BP 3059
EP 3079
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50217
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 295LW
UT WOS:000330118600027
ER
PT J
AU Schumann, D
Hartman, H
Eberl, DD
Sears, SK
Hesse, R
Vali, H
AF Schumann, Dirk
Hartman, Hyman
Eberl, Dennis D.
Sears, S. Kelly
Hesse, Reinhard
Vali, Hojatollah
TI THE INFLUENCE OF OXALATE-PROMOTED GROWTH OF SAPONITE AND TALC CRYSTALS
ON RECTORITE: TESTING THE INTERCALATION-SYNTHESIS HYPOTHESIS OF 2:1
LAYER SILICATES
SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Clay Minerals; High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM);
Intercalation Synthesis; Lattice-fringe Images; n-alkylammonium Cations;
Oxalate; Rectorite; Saponite; Talc; Smectite-group Minerals
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; PARAFFIN-LIKE STRUCTURES; MIXED-LAYER;
CLAY-MINERALS; FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLES; FELDSPAR DISSOLUTION; SURFACE
COMPLEXATION; SECONDARY POROSITY; BURIAL DIAGENESIS; PELITIC SEDIMENTS
AB The intercalating growth of new silicate layers or metal hydroxide layers in the interlayer space of other clay minerals is known from various mixed-layer clay minerals such as illite-smectite (I-S), chlorite-vermiculite, and mica-vermiculite. In a recent study, the present authors proposed that smectite-group minerals can be synthesized from solution as new 2:1 silicate layers within the low-charge interlayers of rectorite. That study showed how oxalate catalyzes the crystallization of saponite from a silicate gel at low temperatures (60 degrees C) and ambient pressure. As an extension of this work the aim of the present study was to test the claim that new 2:1 silicate layers can be synthesized as new intercalating layers in the low-charge interlayers of rectorite and whether oxalate could promote such an intercalation synthesis. Two experiments were conducted at 60 degrees C and atmospheric pressure. First, disodium oxalate solution was added to a suspension of rectorite in order to investigate the effects that oxalate anions have on the structure of rectorite. In a second experiment, silicate gel of saponitic composition (calculated interlayer charge -0.33 eq/O-10(OH)(2)) was mixed with a suspension of rectorite and incubated in disodium oxalate solution. The synthesis products were extracted after 3 months and analyzed by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The treatment of ultrathin sections with octadecylammonium (n(c) = 18) cations revealed the presence of 2:1 layer silicates with different interlayer charges that grew from the silicate gel. The oxalate-promoted nucleation of saponite and talc crystallites on the rectorite led to the alteration and ultimately to the destruction of the rectorite structure. The change was documented in HRTEM lattice-fringe images. The crystallization of new 2:1 layer silicates also occurred within the expandable interlayers of rectorite but not as new 2:1 silicate layers parallel to the previous 2:1 silicate layers. Instead, they grew independently of any orientation predetermined by the rectorite crystal substrate and their crystallization was responsible for the destruction of the rectorite structure.
C1 [Schumann, Dirk; Hesse, Reinhard; Vali, Hojatollah] McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Montreal, PQ H3A 0E8, Canada.
[Hartman, Hyman] MIT, Dept Biomed Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Eberl, Dennis D.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
[Sears, S. Kelly; Vali, Hojatollah] McGill Univ, Facil Elect Microscopy Res, Montreal, PQ H3A 2B2, Canada.
RP Schumann, D (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 3450 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 0E8, Canada.
EM dirk.schumann@mail.mcgill.ca
FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds
Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies to the
Centre for Biorecognition and Biosensors
FX C.G. Whitney is gratefully acknowledged for providing the synthetic
silicate gel and Jeannie Mui and Lee Ann Monaghan of the Facility for
Electron Microscopy Research are thanked for the preparation of
ultrathin sections used in the HRTEM analysis. This work was supported
by grants from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of
Canada (H.V. and R.H.) and the Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la
Nature et les Technologies to the Centre for Biorecognition and
Biosensors (H.V.).
NR 87
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 19
PU CLAY MINERALS SOC
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY, STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0009-8604
EI 1552-8367
J9 CLAY CLAY MINER
JI Clay Clay Min.
PD JUN-AUG
PY 2013
VL 61
IS 3-4
BP 342
EP 360
DI 10.1346/CCMN.2013.0610413
PG 19
WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil
Science
SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture
GA 252JM
UT WOS:000327001000013
ER
PT J
AU Bobos, I
Eberl, DD
AF Bobos, Iuliu
Eberl, D. D.
TI THICKNESS DISTRIBUTIONS AND EVOLUTION OF GROWTH MECHANISMS OF NH4-ILLITE
FROM THE FOSSIL HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM OF HARGHITA BAI, EASTERN
CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA
SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ammonium; Asymptotic Distribution; Crystal Thickness Distribution;
Eastern Carpathians; Growth; Harghita Bai Hydrothermal System; Illite;
Lognormal Distribution; Nucleation; Surface-controlled Growth
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ILLITE CRYSTALS; SMECTITE CRYSTALLITES; AMMONIUM
ILLITE; MEAN THICKNESS; CLAY-MINERALS; SHALES; CONVERSION; SIZE;
ILLITIZATION
AB The crystal growth of NH4-illite (NH4-I) from the hydrothermal system of Harghita Bai (Eastern Carpathians) was deduced from the shapes of crystal thickness distributions (CTDs). The <2 mu m and the <2-0.2 mu m fractions of clay samples collected from the argillized andesite rocks consist of NH4-illite-smectite (I-S) interstratified structures (R1, R2, and R3-type ordering) with a variable smectite-layer content. The NH4-I-S (40-5% S) structures were identified underground in a hydrothermal breccia structure, whereas the K-I/NH4-I mixtures were found at the deepest level sampled (-110 m). The percentage of smectite interlayers generally decreases with increasing depth in the deposit. This decrease ih smectite content is related to the increase in degree of fracturing in the breccia structure and corresponds to a general increase in mean illite crystal thickness. In order to determine the thickness distributions of NH4-I crystals (fundamental illite particles) which make up the NH4-I-S interstratified structures and the NH4-I/K-I mixtures, 27 samples were saturated with Li+ and aqueous solutions of PVP-10 to remove swelling and then were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The profiles for the mean crystallite thickness (T-mean) and crystallite thickness distribution (CTD) of NH4-I crystallites were determined by the Bertaut-Warren-Averbach method using the MudMaster computer code. The T-mean of NH4-I from NH4-I-S samples o- ranges from 3.4 to 7.8 nm. The T-mean measured for the NH4-I/K-I mixture phase ranges from 7.8 nm to 11.7 nm (NH4-I) and from 12.1 to 24.7 nm (K-I).
The CTD shapes of NH4-I fundamental particles are asymptotic and lognormal, whereas illites from NH4-I/K-I mixtures have bimodal shapes related to the presence of two lognormal-like CTDs corresponding to NH4-I and K-I.
The crystal-growth mechanism for NH4-I samples was simulated using the Galoper code. Reaction pathways for NH4-I crystal nucleation and growth could be determined for each sample by plotting their CTD parameters on an alpha-beta(2) diagram constructed using Galoper. This analysis shows that NH4-I crystals underwent simultaneous nucleation and growth, followed by surface-controlled growth without simultaneous nucleation.
C1 [Bobos, Iuliu] Univ Porto, Fac Sci, Ctr Geol, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal.
[Eberl, D. D.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Bobos, I (reprint author), Univ Porto, Fac Sci, Ctr Geol, Rua Campo Alegre 823, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal.
EM ibobos@fc.up.pt
RI Bobos-Radu, Iuliu/A-6210-2008
OI Bobos-Radu, Iuliu/0000-0002-2575-1500
NR 64
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 10
PU CLAY MINERALS SOC
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY, STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0009-8604
EI 1552-8367
J9 CLAY CLAY MINER
JI Clay Clay Min.
PD JUN-AUG
PY 2013
VL 61
IS 3-4
BP 375
EP 391
DI 10.1346/CCMN.2013.0610415
PG 17
WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil
Science
SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture
GA 252JM
UT WOS:000327001000015
ER
PT J
AU Crawford, JT
Striegl, RG
Wickland, KP
Dornblaser, MM
Stanley, EH
AF Crawford, John T.
Striegl, Robert G.
Wickland, Kimberly P.
Dornblaser, Mark M.
Stanley, Emily H.
TI Emissions of carbon dioxide and methane from a headwater stream network
of interior Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon dioxide; methane; streams; Alaska; pCO2; upscaling
ID DISCONTINUOUS PERMAFROST; BOREAL FOREST; TEMPERATE; RIVER; ZONE; FLOW;
METABOLISM; ATMOSPHERE; CATCHMENT; COMPLEX
AB Boreal ecosystems store significant quantities of organic carbon (C) that may be vulnerable to degradation as a result of a warming climate. Despite their limited coverage on the landscape, streams play a significant role in the processing, gaseous emission, and downstream export of C, and small streams are thought to be particularly important because of their close connection with the surrounding landscape. However, ecosystem carbon studies do not commonly incorporate the role of the aquatic conduit. We measured carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) concentrations and emissions in a headwater stream network of interior Alaska underlain by permafrost to assess the potential role of stream gas emissions in the regional carbon balance. First-order streams exhibited the greatest variability in fluxes of CO2 and CH4, and the greatest mean pCO(2). High-resolution time series of stream pCO(2) and discharge at two locations on one first-order stream showed opposing pCO(2) responses to storm events, indicating the importance of hydrologic flowpaths connecting CO2-rich soils with surface waters. Repeated longitudinal surveys on the stream showed consistent areas of elevated pCO(2) and pCH(4), indicative of discrete hydrologic flowpaths delivering soil water and groundwater having varying chemistry. Up-scaled basin estimates of stream gas emissions suggest that streams may contribute significantly to catchment-wide CH4 emissions. Overall, our results indicate that while stream-specific gas emission rates are disproportionately high relative to the terrestrial landscape, both stream surface area and catchment normalized emission rates were lower than those documented for the Yukon River Basin as a whole. This may be due to limitations of C sources and/or C transport to surface waters.
C1 [Crawford, John T.; Stanley, Emily H.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Crawford, John T.; Striegl, Robert G.; Wickland, Kimberly P.; Dornblaser, Mark M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Crawford, JT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, 680 N Pk St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jtcrawford@wisc.edu
OI Stanley, Emily/0000-0003-4922-8121; Wickland,
Kimberly/0000-0002-6400-0590
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program; UW-Madison Department
of Zoology; Anna Grant Birge Memorial Award
FX We thank Doug Halm for assistance with all aspects of the field work and
planning, Alex Johnson, Seth Spawn, Deb Repert, Paul Schuster, Josh
Koch, and Ted Stets for field assistance and Dave Harring for technical
assistance with the portable crane system used for chamber measurements.
We also thank Dick Smith and two anonymous reviewers for constructive
comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by the U.S.
Geological Survey National Research Program. Additional support was
provided through the Dr. and Mrs. Carl A. Bunde fund to J.T.C from the
UW-Madison Department of Zoology and the Anna Grant Birge Memorial Award
to J.T.C. Any use of trade or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 61
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 7
U2 51
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 2
BP 482
EP 494
DI 10.1002/jgrg.20034
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 224TU
UT WOS:000324913100010
ER
PT J
AU Koch, JC
Runkel, RL
Striegl, R
McKnight, DM
AF Koch, J. C.
Runkel, R. L.
Striegl, R.
McKnight, D. M.
TI Hydrologic controls on the transport and cycling of carbon and nitrogen
in a boreal catchment underlain by continuous permafrost
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon; nitrogen; transient storage modeling; boreal catchments
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; TRANSIENT STORAGE; HEADWATER STREAMS;
DISCONTINUOUS PERMAFROST; ALPINE CATCHMENT; HYPORHEIC ZONE;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; DYNAMICS; ALASKA; EXCHANGE
AB Boreal ecosystems represent a large carbon (C) reservoir and a substantial source of greenhouse gases. Hydrologic conditions dictate whether C leached from boreal soils is processed in catchments or flushed to less productive environments via the stream. This study quantified hydrologic and biogeochemical C loss from a boreal catchment underlain by frozen silt, where flowpaths may deepen as the active layer thaws over the summer. We hypothesized a decrease in the magnitude of C mineralization over the summer associated with changing flowpaths and decreasing hydrologic connectivity, organic matter lability, and nitrogen (N) availability. Conservative tracers were used to partition C and N loss between catchment export and biogeochemical processing. Coupling tracers with tributary and porewater chemistry indicated C and N cycling in soil flowpaths, with an exponential decrease over the summer. Nitrate was primarily reduced in hillslope flowpaths and the lack of N reaching the stream appeared to limit C mineralization. Stream export accounted for the greatest loss of C, removing 247 and 113mol hr(-1) in the early and late summer, respectively. Reactivity was related to hydrologic connectivity between the soils and stream, which was greatest early in the summer and following a large flood. While a warming climate may increase storage potential in thawed soils, the early-season flush of labile material and late-season runoff through mineral flowpaths may maintain high C export rates. Therefore, we highlight physical export as a dominant cause of aqueous C loss from silty catchments as the Arctic continues to thaw.
C1 [Koch, J. C.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Runkel, R. L.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Striegl, R.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Project, Boulder, CO USA.
[McKnight, D. M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Koch, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM jkoch@usgs.gov
OI MCKNIGHT, DIANE/0000-0002-4171-1533; Koch, Joshua/0000-0001-7180-6982
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-BE 0628348]; U.S. Geological Survey
Toxic Substances Hydrology Program
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grant OCE-BE
0628348 to Q. Zhuang and by the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances
Hydrology Program. We thank G. Aiken, K. Butler, R.L. Smith, D. Repert,
C. Hart, P. Schuster, and B. Kimball for analytical support; and K.
Wickland, K. Kelsey, M. Bourret, S. Ewing, D. Halm, M. Dornblaser, G.
Aiken, and R. Spencer for field assistance. R. L. Smith and R. Sheibley
provided useful comments on a previous version of this manuscript. We
are grateful to the Associate Editor, two anonymous reviewers, and T.
Douglas for comments that substantially improved this manuscript. Any
opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this
material are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the National Science Foundation or U.S. Geological Survey. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 55
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 44
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 2
BP 698
EP 712
DI 10.1002/jgrg.20058
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 224TU
UT WOS:000324913100024
ER
PT J
AU Grams, PE
Topping, DJ
Schmidt, JC
Hazel, JE
Kaplinski, M
AF Grams, Paul E.
Topping, David J.
Schmidt, John C.
Hazel, Joseph E., Jr.
Kaplinski, Matt
TI Linking morphodynamic response with sediment mass balance on the
Colorado River in Marble Canyon: Issues of scale, geomorphic setting,
and sampling design
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment budget; channel change; Colorado River
ID GRAND-CANYON; GRAIN-SIZE; GRAVEL-BED; FLOODPLAIN STORAGE; SUPPLY
LIMITATION; FINE-SEDIMENT; BRAIDED RIVER; GREEN RIVER; CHANNEL; SAND
AB Measurements of morphologic change are often used to infer sediment mass balance. Such measurements may, however, result in gross errors when morphologic changes over short reaches are extrapolated to predict changes in sediment mass balance for long river segments. This issue is investigated by examination of morphologic change and sediment influx and efflux for a 100 km segment of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona. For each of four monitoring intervals within a 7 year study period, the direction of sand-storage response within short morphologic monitoring reaches was consistent with the flux-based sand mass balance. Both budgeting methods indicate that sand storage was stable or increased during the 7 year period. Extrapolation of the morphologic measurements outside the monitoring reaches does not, however, provide a reasonable estimate of the magnitude of sand-storage change for the 100 km study area. Extrapolation results in large errors, because there is large local variation in site behavior driven by interactions between the flow and local bed topography. During the same flow regime and reach-average sediment supply, some locations accumulate sand while others evacuate sand. The interaction of local hydraulics with local channel geometry exerts more control on local morphodynamic response than sand supply over an encompassing river segment. Changes in the upstream supply of sand modify bed responses but typically do not completely offset the effect of local hydraulics. Thus, accurate sediment budgets for long river segments inferred from reach-scale morphologic measurements must incorporate the effect of local hydraulics in a sampling design or avoid extrapolation altogether.
C1 [Grams, Paul E.; Topping, David J.; Schmidt, John C.] US Geol Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Hazel, Joseph E., Jr.; Kaplinski, Matt] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Grams, PE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM pgrams@usgs.gov
FU Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program
FX The data analyzed and discussed in this report were collected and
processed over many years by the dedicated efforts of many field
technicians, river guides, and volunteers. We especially acknowledge
Robert Ross, Robert Tusso, Tom Gushue, Nathan Schott, and Mike Breedlove
for the assistance they provided with data processing and analysis.
Mapping long reaches of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon is made
possible with the geodetic control network maintained by Keith Kohl,
with assistance from Aaron Borling and Michael Dennis. Helpful comments
from David Gaeuman, John Buffington, Ted Melis, and Chris Magirl helped
improve the manuscript. This work was funded by the Glen Canyon Dam
Adaptive Management Program administered by the U.S. Bureau of
Reclamation. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 81
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 2
BP 361
EP 381
DI 10.1002/jgrf.20050
PG 21
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 225VU
UT WOS:000324993900003
ER
PT J
AU McCoy, SW
Tucker, GE
Kean, JW
Coe, JA
AF McCoy, S. W.
Tucker, G. E.
Kean, J. W.
Coe, J. A.
TI Field measurement of basal forces generated by erosive debris flows
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
DE debris flow; impact force; bedrock incision; erosion
ID DENSE GRANULAR FLOWS; BED-LOAD TRANSPORT; SHEET-FLOW; SEDIMENT
TRANSPORT; STRESS FLUCTUATIONS; RIVER INCISION; MODEL; BEDROCK;
DISTRIBUTIONS; EVOLUTION
AB It has been proposed that debris flows cut bedrock valleys in steeplands worldwide, but field measurements needed to constrain mechanistic models of this process remain sparse due to the difficulty of instrumenting natural flows. Here we present and analyze measurements made using an automated sensor network, erosion bolts, and a 15.24cm by 15.24cm force plate installed in the bedrock channel floor of a steep catchment. These measurements allow us to quantify the distribution of basal forces from natural debris-flow events that incised bedrock. Over the 4year monitoring period, 11 debris-flow events scoured the bedrock channel floor. No clear water flows were observed. Measurements of erosion bolts at the beginning and end of the study indicated that the bedrock channel floor was lowered by 36 to 64mm. The basal force during these erosive debris-flow events had a large-magnitude (up to 21kN, which was approximately 50 times larger than the concurrent time-averaged mean force), high-frequency (greater than 1Hz) fluctuating component. We interpret these fluctuations as flow particles impacting the bed. The resulting variability in force magnitude increased linearly with the time-averaged mean basal force. Probability density functions of basal normal forces were consistent with a generalized Pareto distribution, rather than the exponential distribution that is commonly found in experimental and simulated monodispersed granular flows and which has a lower probability of large forces. When the bed sediment thickness covering the force plate was greater than approximate to 20 times the median bed sediment grain size, no significant fluctuations about the time-averaged mean force were measured, indicating that a thin layer of sediment (approximate to 5cm in the monitored cases) can effectively shield the subjacent bed from erosive impacts. Coarse-grained granular surges and water-rich, intersurge flow had very similar basal force distributions despite differences in appearance and bulk-flow density. These results demonstrate that debris flows can have strong control on rates of steepland evolution and contribute to a foundation needed for modeling debris-flow incision stochastically.
C1 [McCoy, S. W.; Tucker, G. E.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[McCoy, S. W.; Tucker, G. E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kean, J. W.; Coe, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP McCoy, SW (reprint author), MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM mccoysw@mit.edu
OI Kean, Jason/0000-0003-3089-0369; Coe, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0842-9608;
TUCKER, GREGORY/0000-0003-0364-5800
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Fellowship; NSF [EAR 0643240,
EAR 0952247]; USGS Landslides Hazards Program
FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF)
Graduate Fellowship, NSF grants EAR 0643240 and EAR 0952247, and the
USGS Landslides Hazards Program. Randy Amen provided invaluable guidance
during the design and construction of the force plate. The Associate
Editor D. Lague and reviewers R. M. Iverson, B. W. McArdell, and J. D.
Stock all provided thorough and critical reviews that improved the
manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 84
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 33
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 2
BP 589
EP 602
DI 10.1002/jgrf.20041
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 225VU
UT WOS:000324993900016
ER
PT J
AU Rogers, JS
Monismith, SG
Feddersen, F
Storlazzi, CD
AF Rogers, Justin S.
Monismith, Stephen G.
Feddersen, Falk
Storlazzi, Curt D.
TI Hydrodynamics of spur and groove formations on a coral reef
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE coral reefs; spur and groove; hydrodynamics; waves; circulation
ID RADIATION STRESS; SOUTHERN MOLOKAI; WATER VELOCITY; GRAND-CAYMAN;
WAVE-DRIVEN; SEA-LEVEL; SURF ZONE; HAWAII; FLOW; TRANSPORT
AB Spur and groove (SAG) formations are found on the fore reefs of many coral reefs worldwide. Although these formations are primarily present in wave-dominated environments, their effect on wave-driven hydrodynamics is not well understood. A two-dimensional, depth-averaged, phase-resolving nonlinear Boussinesq model (funwaveC) was used to model hydrodynamics on a simplified SAG system. The modeling results show that the SAG formations together with shoaling waves induce a nearshore Lagrangian circulation pattern of counter-rotating circulation cells. The mechanism driving the modeled flow is an alongshore imbalance between the pressure gradient (PG) and nonlinear wave (NLW) terms in the momentum balance. Variations in model parameters suggest the strongest factors affecting circulation include spur-normal waves, increased wave height, weak alongshore currents, increased spur height, and decreased bottom drag. The modeled circulation is consistent with a simple scaling analysis based on the dynamical balance of NLW, PG, and bottom stress terms. Model results indicate that the SAG formations efficiently drive circulation cells when the alongshore SAG wavelength allows for the effects of diffraction to create alongshore differences in wave height without changing the mean wave angle.
C1 [Rogers, Justin S.; Monismith, Stephen G.] Stanford Univ, Environm Fluid Mech Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Feddersen, Falk] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Storlazzi, Curt D.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
RP Rogers, JS (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Environm Fluid Mech Lab, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM jsrogers@stanford.edu
OI Rogers, Justin/0000-0002-3782-7015; Storlazzi, Curt/0000-0001-8057-4490
FU U.S. Department of Defense, Office of Naval Research, National Defense
Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship [32 CFR 168a];
National Science Foundation; Singapore Stanford Partnership
FX The authors are grateful to Oliver Fringer for assistance with modeling,
Rob Dunbar for constructive discussions, two anonymous reviewers, as
well as Robert Arthur, Jamie Dunckley, Joshua Logan, Lianna Samuel, Sean
Vitousek, Ryan Walter, Phillip Wolf-ram, and Simon Wong. This research
was made with government support under and awarded by the U.S.
Department of Defense, Office of Naval Research, National Defense
Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship, 32 CFR 168a.
Additional financial support came from the National Science Foundation
and the Singapore Stanford Partnership.
NR 62
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U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 6
BP 3059
EP 3073
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20225
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 224KZ
UT WOS:000324885500021
ER
PT J
AU Hartfield, P
Kuntz, NM
Schramm, HL
AF Hartfield, Paul
Kuntz, Nathan M.
Schramm, Harold L., Jr.
TI Observations on the Identification of Larval and Juvenile Scaphirhynchus
spp. in the Lower Mississippi River
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID PALLID STURGEON; SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; EVOLUTION;
ALBUS; HYBRIDIZATION; PLATORYNCHUS; ABUNDANCE
AB Scaphirhynchus albus (Pallid Sturgeon) and S. platorynchus (Shovelnose Sturgeon) are sympatric and not uncommon in the lower Mississippi River from the confluence of the Ohio River to the Gulf of Mexico, and in its distributary, the Atchafalaya River. Reports of sturgeon larvae have been rare in the Mississippi River but have been increasing with more effective collection methods. A suite of characters identified in hatchery-reared larval Pallid Sturgeon and Shovelnose Sturgeon from the Yellowstone and upper Missouri rivers has been used to distinguish larval Scaphirhynchus spp. In the Mississippi River; however, a large proportion of wild Scaphirhynchus spp. larvae are intermediate in these characters and have been identified by some as hybridized Pallid Sturgeon and Shovelnose Sturgeon. We applied three diagnostic characters developed from Missouri River sturgeon larvae to hatchery-reared progeny of Atchafalaya River Pallid Sturgeon and found them inadequate to identify most of the known Pallid sturgeon larvae. Additionally, fewer than 10% of a large sample of wild Scaphirhynchus spp. larvae from the lower Mississippi River conformed to either Pallid Sturgeon or Shovelnose Sturgeon at two or more of the characters. We also found a small mouth width relative to head width and a concave forward barbel position may be useful for the identification of 30% or more Scaphirhynchus spp. larvae and postlarval young-of-year as Shovelnose Sturgeon. Established adult character indices and diagnostic measurement proportionalities also failed to correctly identify any hatchery-reared Pallid Sturgeon juveniles recaptured 6-7 years following their release.
C1 [Hartfield, Paul] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Jackson, MS 39213 USA.
[Kuntz, Nathan M.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Schramm, Harold L., Jr.] Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Hartfield, P (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 6578 Dogwood View Pkwy, Jackson, MS 39213 USA.
EM paul_hartfield@fws.gov
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey; Arkansas Game and
Fish Coinmission; Mississippi State University; Catfish Point Hunt Club,
Benoit, MS
FX Larval collections of Scaphirhynchus spp. were conducted under US Fish
and Wildlife Subpermit TE198846-1, Louisiana Department of Wildlife and
Fisheries Freshwater Scientific Collecting Permit 1235, and Mississippi
Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks Administrative Scientific
Collection Permit 1206102. Funding and support for our Scaphirhynchus
collection efforts were provided by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, US
Geological Survey, and Arkansas Game and Fish Coinmission. Additional
support was provided by Mississippi State University and Catfish Point
Hunt Club, Benoit, MS. We express our appreciation to Jan Dean.
Natchitoches National Fish Hatchery, and Bobby Reed, Louisiana
Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, for their information on PLS
broodstock from the Atchafalaya River, and to Bernie Kuhajda and the
University of Alabama Ichthyology Collection for the loan of the HR PLS
series. Wild specimens collected for this study have been deposited at
the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science. The findings and conclusions
in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily
represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 10
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
EI 1938-5412
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 2
BP 251
EP 266
DI 10.1656/058.012.0202
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 217RR
UT WOS:000324378200001
ER
PT J
AU Becker, S
Moorman, C
DePerno, C
Simons, T
AF Becker, Sharon
Moorman, Christopher
DePerno, Christopher
Simons, Theodore
TI Quantifiable Long-term Monitoring on Parks and Nature Preserves
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID DECLINING AMPHIBIAN POPULATIONS; ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY;
PRESENCE-ABSENCE DATA; DETECTION PROBABILITIES; POINT COUNTS; ABUNDANCE;
SALAMANDERS; DIVERSITY
AB Herpetofauna have declined globally, and monitoring is a useful approach to document local and long-term changes. However, monitoring efforts often fail to account for detectability or follow standardized protocols. We performed a case study at Hemlock Bluffs Nature Preserve in Cary, NC to model occupancy of focal species and demonstrate a replicable long-term protocol useful to parks and nature preserves. From March 2010 to 2011, we documented occupancy of Ambystoma opacum (Marbled Salamander), Plethodon cinereus (Red-backed Salamander), Carphophis amoenus (Eastern Worm Snake), and Diadophis punctatus (Ringneck Snake) at coverboard sites and estimated breeding female Ambystoma maculatum (Spotted Salamander) abundance via dependent double-observer egg-mass counts in ephemeral pools. Temperature influenced detection of both Marbled and Red-backed Salamanders. Based on egg-mass data, we estimated Spotted Salamander abundance to be between 21 and 44 breeding females. We detected 43 of 53 previously documented herpetofauna species. Our approach demonstrates a monitoring protocol that accounts for factors that influence species detection and is replicable by parks or nature preserves with limited resources.
C1 [Becker, Sharon; Moorman, Christopher; DePerno, Christopher] N Carolina State Univ, Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Simons, Theodore] N Carolina State Univ, NC Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, David Clark Labs, US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Becker, S (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol Program, Turner House,Box 7646, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM sharon.becker248@gmail.com
NR 34
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U1 2
U2 20
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 2
BP 339
EP 352
DI 10.1656/058.012.0208
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 217RR
UT WOS:000324378200007
ER
PT J
AU Plumlee, GS
Durant, JT
Morman, SA
Neri, A
Wolf, RE
Dooyema, CA
Hageman, PL
Lowers, HA
Fernette, GL
Meeker, GP
Benzel, WM
Driscoll, RL
Berry, CJ
Crock, JG
Goldstein, HL
Adams, M
Bartrem, CL
Tirima, S
Behbod, B
von Lindern, I
Brown, MJ
AF Plumlee, Geoffrey S.
Durant, James T.
Morman, Suzette A.
Neri, Antonio
Wolf, Ruth E.
Dooyema, Carrie A.
Hageman, Philip L.
Lowers, Heather A.
Fernette, Gregory L.
Meeker, Gregory P.
Benzel, William M.
Driscoll, Rhonda L.
Berry, Cyrus J.
Crock, James G.
Goldstein, Harland L.
Adams, Monique
Bartrem, Casey L.
Tirima, Simba
Behbod, Behrooz
von Lindern, Ian
Brown, Mary Jean
TI Linking Geological and Health Sciences to Assess Childhood Lead
Poisoning from Artisanal Gold Mining in Nigeria
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
DE artisanal mining; environmental health; lead poisoning; mercury
contamination; ore deposit geology
ID RELATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY
AB BACKGROUND: In 2010, Medecins Sans Frontieres discovered a lead poisoning outbreak linked to artisanal gold processing in northwestern Nigeria. The outbreak has killed approximately 400 young children and affected thousands more.
OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to undertake an interdisciplinary geological-and health-science assessment to clarify lead sources and exposure pathways, identify additional toxicants of concern and populations at risk, and examine potential for similar lead poisoning globally.
METHODS: We applied diverse analytical methods to ore samples, soil and sweep samples from villages and family compounds, and plant foodstuff samples.
RESULTS: Natural weathering of lead-rich gold ores before mining formed abundant, highly gastric-bioaccessible lead carbonates. The same fingerprint of lead minerals found in all sample types confirms that ore processing caused extreme contamination, with up to 185,000 ppm lead in soils/sweep samples and up to 145 ppm lead in plant foodstuffs. Incidental ingestion of soils via hand-to-mouth transmission and of dusts cleared from the respiratory tract is the dominant exposure pathway. Consumption of water and foodstuffs contaminated by the processing is likely lesser, but these are still significant exposure pathways. Although young children suffered the most immediate and severe consequences, results indicate that older children, adult workers, pregnant women, and breastfed infants are also at risk for lead poisoning. Mercury, arsenic, manganese, antimony, and crystalline silica exposures pose additional health threats.
CONCLUSIONS: Results inform ongoing efforts in Nigeria to assess lead contamination and poisoning, treat victims, mitigate exposures, and remediate contamination. Ore deposit geology, pre-mining weathering, and burgeoning artisanal mining may combine to cause similar lead poisoning disasters elsewhere globally.
C1 [Plumlee, Geoffrey S.; Morman, Suzette A.; Wolf, Ruth E.; Hageman, Philip L.; Lowers, Heather A.; Fernette, Gregory L.; Meeker, Gregory P.; Benzel, William M.; Driscoll, Rhonda L.; Berry, Cyrus J.; Crock, James G.; Goldstein, Harland L.; Adams, Monique] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Durant, James T.; Neri, Antonio; Dooyema, Carrie A.; Behbod, Behrooz; Brown, Mary Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Dooyema, Carrie A.; Behbod, Behrooz] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Bartrem, Casey L.; Tirima, Simba; von Lindern, Ian] TerraGraph Environm Engn, Moscow, ID USA.
[Bartrem, Casey L.; Tirima, Simba] Univ Idaho, Environm Sci Program, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
RP Plumlee, GS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr MS964, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM gplumlee@usgs.gov
FU USGS Mineral Resources Program; CDC Global Disease Detection Program;
CDC Nigeria; U.S. Agency for International Development, Office of
Foreign Disaster Assistance; United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) via
Blacksmith Institute; TerraGraphics/University of Idaho International
Research and Development Initiative
FX This research was funded by USGS Mineral Resources Program; CDC Global
Disease Detection Program; CDC Nigeria; U.S. Agency for International
Development, Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance; United Nations
Children's Fund (UNICEF) via Blacksmith Institute;
TerraGraphics/University of Idaho International Research and Development
Initiative.
NR 26
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U1 2
U2 48
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
EI 1552-9924
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 121
IS 6
BP 744
EP 750
DI 10.1289/ehp.1206051
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 208VN
UT WOS:000323709400026
PM 23524139
ER
PT J
AU Couvillion, BR
Steyer, GD
Wang, HQ
Beck, HJ
Rybczyk, JM
AF Couvillion, Brady R.
Steyer, Gregory D.
Wang, Hongqing
Beck, Holly J.
Rybczyk, John M.
TI Forecasting the Effects of Coastal Protection and Restoration Projects
on Wetland Morphology in Coastal Louisiana under Multiple Environmental
Uncertainty Scenarios
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Wetland change; sea-level rise; surface elevation; soil organic carbon;
marsh creation; diversions; coastal restoration; Louisiana; wetland
loss; coastal modeling
ID VERTICAL ACCRETION; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; MARSH-EDGE;
LAND LOSS; VEGETATION; WATER; SEDIMENTATION; SUBSIDENCE; LANDSCAPE
AB Few landscape scale models have assessed the effects of coastal protection and restoration projects on wetland morphology while taking into account important uncertainties in environmental factors such as sea-level rise (SLR) and subsidence. In support of Louisiana's 2012 Coastal Master Plan, we developed a spatially explicit wetland morphology model and coupled it with other predictive models. The model is capable of predicting effects of protection and restoration projects on wetland area, landscape configuration, surface elevation, and soil organic carbon (SOC) storage under multiple environmental uncertainty scenarios. These uncertainty scenarios included variability in parameters such as eustatic SLR (ESLR), subsidence rate, and Mississippi River discharge. Models were run for a 2010-2060 simulation period. Model results suggest that under a "future-without-action" condition (FWOA), coastal Louisiana is at risk of losing between 2118 and 4677 km(2) of land over the next 50 years, but with protection and restoration projects proposed in the Master Plan, between 40% and 75% of that loss could be mitigated. Moreover, model results indicate that under a FWOA condition, SOC storage (to a depth of 1 m) could decrease by between 108 and 250 million metric tons, a loss of 12% to 30% of the total coastwide SOC, but with the Master Plan implemented, between 35% and 74% of the SOC loss could be offset. Long-term maintenance of project effects was best attained in areas of low SLR and subsidence, with a sediment source to support marsh accretion. Our findings suggest that despite the efficacy of restoration projects in mitigating losses in certain areas, net loss of wetlands in coastal Louisiana is likely to continue. Model results suggest certain areas may eventually be lost regardless of proposed restoration investment, and, as such, other techniques and strategies of adaptation may have to be utilized in these areas.
C1 [Couvillion, Brady R.; Steyer, Gregory D.; Wang, Hongqing; Beck, Holly J.] LSU, US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr,Parker Coliseum, Coastal Restorat Assessment Branch,Livestock Show, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Rybczyk, John M.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
RP Couvillion, BR (reprint author), LSU, US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr,Parker Coliseum, Coastal Restorat Assessment Branch,Livestock Show, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM couvillionb@usgs.gov
OI Wang, Hongqing/0000-0002-2977-7732
FU Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana as part of
developing Louisiana's Comprehensive Master Plan for a Sustainable Coast
FX This study was aided considerably by the cooperation and technical
support of team members including Bill Sleavin, Nadine Trahan, Craig
Fischenich, Ron Boustany, and Yvonne Allen. We would also like to thank
Guerry Holm, Jr., Brian Perez, Camille Stagg, Ty Wamsley, Gregg Snedden,
and Michael Osland for their efforts reviewing the models and
documentation associated with this study. Funding for this effort was
provided by the Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of
Louisiana as part of developing Louisiana's Comprehensive Master Plan
for a Sustainable Coast. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 66
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Z9 14
U1 3
U2 55
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
EI 1551-5036
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD SUM
PY 2013
SI 67
BP 29
EP 50
DI 10.2112/SI_67_3
PG 22
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 205UT
UT WOS:000323471000004
ER
PT J
AU Visser, JM
Duke-Sylvester, SM
Carter, J
Broussard, WP
AF Visser, Jenneke M.
Duke-Sylvester, Scott M.
Carter, Jacoby
Broussard, Whitney P., III
TI A Computer Model to Forecast Wetland Vegetation Changes Resulting from
Restoration and Protection in Coastal Louisiana
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Plant community modeling; wetlands; submerged aquatic vegetation;
species composition; wetland community; habitat modeling; Coastwide
Reference Monitoring System (CRMS)
ID RIVER DELTAIC PLAIN; LANDSCAPE
AB The coastal wetlands of Louisiana are a unique ecosystem that supports a diversity of wildlife as well as a diverse community of commercial interests of both local and national importance. The state of Louisiana has established a 5-year cycle of scientific investigation to provide up-to-date information to guide future legislation and regulation aimed at preserving this critical ecosystem. Here we report on a model that projects changes in plant community distribution and composition in response to environmental conditions. This model is linked to a suite of other models and requires input from those that simulate the hydrology and morphology of coastal Louisiana. Collectively, these models are used to assess how alternative management plans may affect the wetland ecosystem through explicit spatial modeling of the physical and biological processes affected by proposed modifications to the ecosystem. We have also taken the opportunity to advance the state-of-the-art in wetland plant community modeling by using a model that is more species-based in its description of plant communities instead of one based on aggregated community types such as brackish marsh and saline marsh. The resulting model provides an increased level of ecological detail about how wetland communities are expected to respond. In addition, the output from this model provides critical inputs for estimating the effects of management on higher trophic level species though a more complete description of the shifts in habitat.
C1 [Visser, Jenneke M.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Sch Geosci, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
[Duke-Sylvester, Scott M.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
[Carter, Jacoby] USGS Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Broussard, Whitney P., III] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Inst Coastal Ecol & Engn, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
RP Visser, JM (reprint author), Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Sch Geosci, POB 44650, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
EM jvisser@louisiana.edu
OI Broussard, Whitney/0000-0001-6000-2751
FU Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) of Louisiana as part
of the LCMP effort
FX Funding for this work was provided by the Coastal Protection and
Restoration Authority (CPRA) of Louisiana as part of the 2012 LCMP
effort. During the development of this model, Dr. Rebecca Howard (USGS),
Dr. Ken Krauss (USGS), Dr. Gregg Snedden (USGS), Dr. Greg Steyer (USGS),
Dr. Mark Hester (UL Lafayette), and Dr. Charles Sasser (LSU) provided
internal review, which greatly improved the model. Brady Couvillion
(USGS) created the base map used as the starting point for this model.
Dr. Hongqing Wang (USGS) assisted with data transfer and analysis of the
CRMS data. Ms. Alison Heppermann assisted with figure preparation. This
manuscript was improved by the constructive criticism of two anonymous
reviewers.
NR 27
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U1 4
U2 45
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD SUM
PY 2013
SI 67
BP 51
EP 59
DI 10.2112/SI_67_4
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 205UT
UT WOS:000323471000005
ER
PT J
AU Rivera-Monroy, VH
Branoff, B
Meselhe, E
McCorquodale, A
Dortch, M
Steyer, GD
Visser, J
Wang, HQ
AF Rivera-Monroy, Victor H.
Branoff, Benjamin
Meselhe, Ehab
McCorquodale, Alex
Dortch, Mark
Steyer, Gregory D.
Visser, Jenneke
Wang, Hongqing
TI Landscape-Level Estimation of Nitrogen Removal in Coastal Louisiana
Wetlands: Potential Sinks under Different Restoration Scenarios
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Louisiana; denitrification; Mississippi River; hypoxia; nitrogen uptake;
coastal modeling
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; SALT-MARSH SEDIMENTS; MANGROVE
SEDIMENTS; TERMINOS LAGOON; DENITRIFICATION; HYPOXIA; WATER; NITRATE;
DELTA
AB Coastal eutrophication in the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) is the primary anthropogenic contributor to the largest zone of hypoxic bottom waters in North America. Although biologically mediated processes such as denitrification (Dn) are known to act as sinks for inorganic nitrogen, it is unknown what contribution denitrification makes to landscape-scale nitrogen budgets along the coast. As the State of Louisiana plans the implementation of a 2012 Coastal Master Plan (MP) to help restore its wetlands and protect its coast, it is critical to understand what effect potential restoration projects may have in altering nutrient budgets. As part of the MP, a spatial statistical approach was developed to estimate nitrogen removal under varying scenarios of future conditions and coastal restoration project implementation. In every scenario of future conditions under which MP implementation was modeled, more nitrogen (NO3-) was removed from coastal waters when compared with conditions under which no action is taken. Overall, the MP increased coast-wide average nitrogen removal capacity (NRC) rates by up to 0.55 g N m(-2) y(-1) compared with the "future without action" (FWOA) scenario, resulting in a conservative estimate of up to 25% removal of the annual NO3- + NO2- load of the Mississippi-Atchafalaya rivers (956,480 t y(-1)). These results are spatially correlated, with the lower Mississippi River and Chenier Plain exhibiting the greatest change in NRC. Since the implementation of the MP can maintain, and in some regions increase the NRC, our results show the need to preserve the functionality of wetland habitats and use this ecosystem service (i.e. Dn) to decrease eutrophication of the GOM.
C1 [Rivera-Monroy, Victor H.; Branoff, Benjamin] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Meselhe, Ehab] Water Inst Gulf, Baton Rouge, LA 70825 USA.
[McCorquodale, Alex] Univ New Orleans, Pontchartrain Inst Environm Sci, New Orleans, LA 70122 USA.
[Dortch, Mark] Moffatt & Nichol, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
[Steyer, Gregory D.; Wang, Hongqing] Louisiana State Univ, Livestock Show Off, US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr,Parker Coliseum, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Visser, Jenneke] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Inst Coastal Ecol & Engn, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
RP Rivera-Monroy, VH (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM vhrivera@lsu.edu
RI Wang, Hongqing /D-2575-2014;
OI Wang, Hongqing/0000-0002-2977-7732
FU Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) of Louisiana,
through the development of the Coastal Master Plan; Louisiana State
University NOAA-Sea Grant Program [R/MMR-33/2010-2012]
FX Funding was provided for this effort by the Coastal Protection and
Restoration Authority (CPRA) of Louisiana, through the development of
the 2012 Coastal Master Plan and the Louisiana State University NOAA-Sea
Grant Program (agreement R/MMR-33/2010-2012). Special thanks to Kristin
DeMarco (CPRA), A. "Carol Parsons" Richards (CPRA), and Alaina Owens
(The Water Institute of the Gulf) for their support and constructive
comments during the development of the modeling approach to analyze
nutrient data. The authors thank Dr. Jeffrey Cornwell, Dr. Michael
Osland, two anonymous reviewers for comments and suggestions to earlier
versions of the original algorithm used in this work. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 64
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 43
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD SUM
PY 2013
SI 67
BP 75
EP 87
DI 10.2112/SI_67_6
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 205UT
UT WOS:000323471000007
ER
PT J
AU Chandler, RB
Royle, JA
AF Chandler, Richard B.
Royle, J. Andrew
TI SPATIALLY EXPLICIT MODELS FOR INFERENCE ABOUT DENSITY IN UNMARKED OR
PARTIALLY MARKED POPULATIONS
SO ANNALS OF APPLIED STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Abundance estimation; camera traps; data augmentation; hierarchical
models; N-mixture model; Neyman-Scott process; Poisson cluster process;
point counts; spatial capture-recapture; spatial point process;
population density
ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE MODELS; DATA AUGMENTATION; ESTIMATING ABUNDANCE;
COUNTS; INDIVIDUALS; SIZE
AB Recently developed spatial capture-recapture (SCR) models represent a major advance over traditional capture-recapture (CR) models because they yield explicit estimates of animal density instead of population size within an unknown area. Furthermore, unlike nonspatial CR methods, SCR models account for heterogeneity in capture probability arising from the juxtaposition of animal activity centers and sample locations. Although the utility of SCR methods is gaining recognition, the requirement that all individuals can be uniquely identified excludes their use in many contexts. In this paper, we develop models for situations in which individual recognition is not possible, thereby allowing SCR concepts to be applied in studies of unmarked or partially marked populations. The data required for our model are spatially referenced counts made on one or more sample occasions at a collection of closely spaced sample units such that individuals can be encountered at multiple locations. Our approach includes a spatial point process for the animal activity centers and uses the spatial correlation in counts as information about the number and location of the activity centers. Camera-traps, hair snares, track plates, sound recordings, and even point counts can yield spatially correlated count data, and thus our model is widely applicable. A simulation study demonstrated that while the posterior mean exhibits frequentist bias on the order of 5-10% in small samples, the posterior mode is an accurate point estimator as long as adequate spatial correlation is present. Marking a subset of the population substantially increases posterior precision and is recommended whenever possible. We applied our model to avian point count data collected on an unmarked population of the northern parula (Parula americana) and obtained a density estimate (posterior mode) of 0.38 (95% CI: 0.19-1.64) birds/ha. Our paper challenges sampling and analytical conventions in ecology by demonstrating that neither spatial independence nor individual recognition is needed to estimate population density-rather, spatial dependence can be informative about individual distribution and density.
C1 [Chandler, Richard B.; Royle, J. Andrew] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Chandler, RB (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM rchandler@usgs.gov; aroyle@usgs.gov
RI Chandler, Richard/D-8831-2014; Chandler, Richard/F-9702-2016
FU North American Breeding Bird Survey Program
FX Supported by the North American Breeding Bird Survey Program.
NR 43
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 17
U2 119
PU INST MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS
PI CLEVELAND
PA 3163 SOMERSET DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA
SN 1932-6157
J9 ANN APPL STAT
JI Ann. Appl. Stat.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 2
BP 936
EP 954
DI 10.1214/12-AOAS610
PG 19
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 197DO
UT WOS:000322829800014
ER
PT J
AU Houghton, BF
Swanson, DA
Rausch, J
Carey, RJ
Fagents, SA
Orr, TR
AF Houghton, B. F.
Swanson, D. A.
Rausch, J.
Carey, R. J.
Fagents, S. A.
Orr, T. R.
TI Pushing the Volcanic Explosivity Index to its limit and beyond:
Constraints from exceptionally weak explosive eruptions at Kilauea in
2008
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FALLOUT TEPHRA VOLUMES; STROMBOLI; DEPOSITS; THICKNESS; HISTORY
AB Estimating the mass, volume, and dispersal of the deposits of very small and/or extremely weak explosive eruptions is difficult, unless they can be sampled on eruption. During explosive eruptions of Halema'uma'u Crater (Kilauea, Hawaii) in 2008, we constrained for the first time deposits of bulk volumes as small as 9-300 m(3) (1 x 10(4) to 8 x 10(5) kg) and can demonstrate that they show simple exponential thinning with distance from the vent. There is no simple fit for such products within classifications such as the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI). The VEI is being increasingly used as the measure of magnitude of explosive eruptions, and as an input for both hazard modeling and forecasting of atmospheric dispersal of tephra. The 2008 deposits demonstrate a problem for the use of the VEI, as originally defined, which classifies small, yet ballistic-producing, explosive eruptions at Kilauea and other basaltic volcanoes as nonexplosive. We suggest a simple change to extend the scale in a fashion inclusive of such very small deposits, and to make the VEI more consistent with other magnitude scales such as the Richter scale for earthquakes. Eruptions of this magnitude constitute a significant risk at Kilauea and elsewhere because of their high frequency and the growing number of "volcano tourists" visiting basaltic volcanoes.
C1 [Houghton, B. F.; Orr, T. R.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Swanson, D. A.; Orr, T. R.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii, HI 96718 USA.
[Rausch, J.] Univ Fribourg, Dept Geosci, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
[Carey, R. J.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Earth Sci, ARC Ctr Excellence Ore Deposits, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Fagents, S. A.] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Houghton, BF (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RI Fagents, Sarah/B-3983-2014; Carey, Rebecca/A-5381-2013
OI Carey, Rebecca/0000-0003-2015-6419
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0810332]; U.S. Geological Survey
[SV-ARRA-0004]
FX We acknowledge grants from the National Science Foundation (EAR-0810332)
and the U.S. Geological Survey (SV-ARRA-0004) that funded this research.
We are grateful to Jim Kauahikaua and Mathew Patrick for their support
and to Malin Klawonn, Carolyn Parcheta, Wendy Stovall, and Samantha
Weaver for invaluable assistance in the field. We thank Magnus
Gudmundsson, Kristine Kosinski, Jacapo Taddeucci, Willie Scott, Samantha
Weaver, and an anonymous reviewer for constructive peer reviews.
NR 23
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 26
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 6
BP 627
EP 630
DI 10.1130/G34146.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 203DF
UT WOS:000323269800001
ER
PT J
AU Nakajima, J
Uchida, N
Shiina, T
Hasegawa, A
Hacker, BR
Kirby, SH
AF Nakajima, Junichi
Uchida, Naoki
Shiina, Takahiro
Hasegawa, Akira
Hacker, Bradley R.
Kirby, Stephen H.
TI Intermediate-depth earthquakes facilitated by eclogitization-related
stresses
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHEASTERN JAPAN ARC; DEEP SEISMIC ZONE; CALIFORNIA; SPECTRA; BENEATH;
FAULT; CRUST
AB Eclogitization of the basaltic and gabbroic layer in the oceanic crust involves a volume reduction of 10%-15%. One consequence of the negative volume change is the formation of a paired stress field as a result of strain compatibility across the reaction front. Here we use waveform analysis of a tiny seismic cluster in the lower crust of the downgoing Pacific plate and reveal new evidence in favor of this mechanism: tensional earthquakes lying 1 km above compressional earthquakes, and earthquakes with highly similar waveforms lying on well-defined planes with complementary rupture areas. The tensional stress is interpreted to be caused by the dimensional mismatch between crust transformed to eclogite and underlying untransformed crust, and the earthquakes are probably facilitated by reactivation of fossil faults extant in the subducting plate. These observations provide seismic evidence for the role of volume change-related stresses and, possibly, fluid-related embrittlement as viable processes for nucleating earthquakes in downgoing oceanic lithosphere.
C1 [Nakajima, Junichi; Uchida, Naoki; Shiina, Takahiro; Hasegawa, Akira] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Res Ctr Predict Earthquakes & Volcan Erupt, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
[Hacker, Bradley R.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kirby, Stephen H.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Nakajima, J (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Res Ctr Predict Earthquakes & Volcan Erupt, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
EM nakajima@aob.gp.tohoku.ac.jp
RI Nakajima, Junichi/D-6472-2012; Hacker, Bradley/E-7750-2011; Uchida,
Naoki/D-6103-2012; Nakajima, Jun/Q-3693-2016
OI Uchida, Naoki/0000-0002-4220-9625; Nakajima, Jun/0000-0002-9584-2627
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan,
under its Observation and Research Program for Prediction of Earthquakes
and Volcanic Eruptions; Global COE Program, Global Education and
Research Center for Earth and Planetary Dynamics, Tohoku University;
U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-0745588]
FX We thank T. Matsuzawa for comments and discussions. Constructive reviews
by two anonymous reviewers and Editor S.J. Wyld improved the manuscript.
We used arrival-time data in the unified catalog by the Japan
Meteorological Agency, and waveform data observed at a nationwide
seismograph network. This work was supported by the Ministry of
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, under its
Observation and Research Program for Prediction of Earthquakes and
Volcanic Eruptions; by the Global COE Program, Global Education and
Research Center for Earth and Planetary Dynamics, Tohoku University; and
by U.S. National Science Foundation grant EAR-0745588.
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 13
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 6
BP 659
EP 662
DI 10.1130/G33796.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 203DF
UT WOS:000323269800009
ER
PT J
AU Keranen, KM
Savage, HM
Abers, GA
Cochran, ES
AF Keranen, Katie M.
Savage, Heather M.
Abers, Geoffrey A.
Cochran, Elizabeth S.
TI Potentially induced earthquakes in Oklahoma, USA: Links between
wastewater injection and the 2011 M-w 5.7 earthquake sequence
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DENVER EARTHQUAKES; DEFORMATION; PRESSURE; FLUID
AB Significant earthquakes are increasingly occurring within the continental interior of the United States, including five of moment magnitude (M-w) >= 5.0 in 2011 alone. Concurrently, the volume of fluid injected into the subsurface related to the production of unconventional resources continues to rise. Here we identify the largest earthquake potentially related to injection, an M-w 5.7 earthquake in November 2011 in Oklahoma. The earthquake was felt in at least 17 states and caused damage in the epicentral region. It occurred in a sequence, with 2 earthquakes of M-w 5.0 and a prolific sequence of aftershocks. We use the aftershocks to illuminate the faults that ruptured in the sequence, and show that the tip of the initial rupture plane is within similar to 200 m of active injection wells and within similar to 1 km of the surface; 30% of early aftershocks occur within the sedimentary section. Subsurface data indicate that fluid was injected into effectively sealed compartments, and we interpret that a net fluid volume increase after 18 yr of injection lowered effective stress on reservoir-bounding faults. Significantly, this case indicates that decades-long lags between the commencement of fluid injection and the onset of induced earthquakes are possible, and modifies our common criteria for fluid-induced events. The progressive rupture of three fault planes in this sequence suggests that stress changes from the initial rupture triggered the successive earthquakes, including one larger than the first.
C1 [Keranen, Katie M.] Univ Oklahoma, ConocoPhillips Sch Geol & Geophys, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Savage, Heather M.; Abers, Geoffrey A.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Cochran, Elizabeth S.] US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
RP Keranen, KM (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, ConocoPhillips Sch Geol & Geophys, 100 E Boyd St, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
FU University of Oklahoma
FX We thank the Oklahoma Corporation Commission for the well database. The
U. S. Geological Survey, the Oklahoma Geological Survey, Oklahoma State
University, and the University of Oklahoma provided field support. The
University of Oklahoma funded field acquisition costs. The PASSCAL
(Program for Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere)
instrument center provided RAMP (Rapid Array Mobilization Program)
instruments and logistical support. We thank two anonymous reviewers and
M. D. Zoback, W. Ellsworth, E. Roeloffs, C. Scholz, and E. Brodsky for
constructive reviews. D. Sumy, C. Hogan, G. Mattei, K. Pham, and C.
Dieck picked many arrivals, helped with deployment, and/or maintained
the seismic network.
NR 20
TC 130
Z9 132
U1 13
U2 74
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 6
BP 699
EP 702
DI 10.1130/G34045.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 203DF
UT WOS:000323269800019
ER
PT J
AU Bull, KF
Buurman, H
AF Bull, Katharine F.
Buurman, Helena
TI An overview of the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Redoubt; Volcano; Eruption; Seismicity; Effusion; Volcano monitoring;
Lava dome
ID TEPHRA-FALL DEPOSITS; HISTORY; ORIGIN
AB In March 2009, Redoubt Volcano, Alaska erupted for the first time since 1990. Explosions ejected plumes that disrupted international and domestic airspace, sent lahars more than 35 km down the Drift River to the coast, and resulted in tephra fall on communities over 100 km away. Geodetic data suggest that magma began to ascend slowly from deep in the crust and reached mid- to shallow-crustal levels as early as May, 2008. Heat flux at the volcano during the precursory phase melted similar to 4% of the Drift glacier atop Redoubt's summit. Petrologic data indicate the deeply sourced magma, low-silica andesite, temporarily arrested at 9-11 km and/or at 4-6 km depth, where it encountered and mixed with segregated stored high-silica andesite bodies. The two magma compositions mixed to form intermediate-silica andesite, and all three magma types erupted during the earliest 2009 events. Only intermediate- and high-silica andesites were produced throughout the explosive and effusive phases of the eruption. The explosive phase began with a phreatic explosion followed by a seismic swarm, which signaled the start of lava effusion on March 22, shortly prior to the first magmatic explosion early on March 23, 2009 (UTC). More than 19 explosions (or "Events") were produced over 13 days from a single vent immediately south of the 1989-90 lava domes. During that period multiple small pyroclastic density currents flowed primarily to the north and into glacial ravines, three major lahars flooded the Drift River Terminal over 35 km down-river on the coast, tephra fall deposited on all aspects of the edifice and on several communities north and east of the volcano, and at least two, and possibly three lava domes were emplaced. Lightning accompanied almost all the explosions.
A shift in the eruptive character took place following Event 9 on March 27 in terms of infrasound signal onsets, the character of repeating earthquakes, and the nature of tephra ejecta. More than nine additional explosions occurred in the next two days, followed by a hiatus in explosive activity between March 29 and April 4. During this hiatus effusion of a lava dome occurred, whose growth slowed on or around April 2. The final explosion pulverized the very poorly vesicular dome on April 4, and was immediately followed by the extrusion of the final dome that ceased growing by July 1, 2009, and reached 72 M m(3) in bulk volume. The dome remains as of this writing. Effusion of the final dome in the first month produced blocky intermediate- to high-silica andesite lava, which then expanded by means of lava injection beneath a fracturing and annealing, cooling surface crust. In the first week of May, a seismic swarm accompanied extrusion of an intermediate- to high-silica andesite from the apex of the dome that was highly vesicular and characterized by lower P2O5 content. The dome remained stable throughout its growth period likely due to combined factors that include an emptied conduit system, steady degassing through coalesced vesicles in the effusing lava, and a large crater-pit created by the previous explosions. We estimate the total volume of erupted material from the 2009 eruption to be between similar to 80 M and 120 M m(3) dense-rock equivalent (ORE).
The aim of this report is to synthesize the results from various datasets gathered both during the eruption and retrospectively, and which are represented by the papers in this publication. We therefore provide an overall view of the 2009 eruption and an introduction to this special issue publication. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bull, Katharine F.] Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Alaska Div, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Bull, Katharine F.] Geophys Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Alaska Div, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Buurman, Helena] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Bull, KF (reprint author), Explorat Unltd, POB 81418, Fairbanks, AK 99708 USA.
EM kfbull@gmail.com
NR 49
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 2
EP 15
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.06.024
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500002
ER
PT J
AU Buurman, H
West, ME
Thompson, G
AF Buurman, Helena
West, Michael E.
Thompson, Glenn
TI The seismicity of the 2009 Redoubt eruption
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Volcano seismology; Volcanic tremor; Earthquake swarms; Repeating
earthquakes; Lahar seismicity; Volcanic explosions
ID MOUNT ST-HELENS; VOLCANIC TREMOR; EARTHQUAKE SWARMS; MAGMATIC SYSTEM;
ALASKA; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE
AB Redoubt Volcano erupted in March 2009 following 6 months of precursory seismic activity. The 4.5-month-long eruptive sequence was accompanied by phreatic and magmatic explosions, periods of steady dome growth, lahars, seismic swarms, extended episodes of volcanic tremor and changes in the background seismicity rate. This study presents a seismic chronology of the eruption and places it in context with the variety of other geological and geophysical data that were recorded during the eruptive period. We highlight 6 notable seismic swarms, 3 of which preceded large explosions. The swarms varied from an hour to several days in duration, and contained tens to over 7000 earthquakes. Many of the swarms were dominated by low frequency type earthquakes that contained families of repeating events. Seismic tremor varied considerably in frequency, amplitude and duration during the eruption with distinct characteristics accompanying different types of volcanic activity. The explosion signals during March 23-24 were the most energetic, and the explosions on March 26-29 contained proportionally more low frequency energy (0.033-0.3 Hz). Two seismic stations were particularly well-suited to recording lahars that flowed down the Drift River valley. Data from these stations showed that lahars were generated by the majority of the explosion events, as well as during the continuous eruptive activity on March 29 when no large explosions occurred. We also examine the seismicity which occurred outside of the explosion and swarm episodes, and find several families of repeating VT earthquakes which begin shortly before the April 4 explosion and that continue through May 2009, locating between 3 and 6 km below sea level. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Buurman, Helena; West, Michael E.; Thompson, Glenn] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Buurman, H (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, 903 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM helena@gi.alaska.edu
NR 44
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 16
EP 30
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.024
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500003
ER
PT J
AU Power, JA
Stihler, SD
Chouet, BA
Haney, MM
Ketner, DM
AF Power, J. A.
Stihler, S. D.
Chouet, B. A.
Haney, M. M.
Ketner, D. M.
TI Seismic observations of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska-1989-2010 and a
conceptual model of the Redoubt magmatic system
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Redoubt Volcano; Deep Long-Period Event; Magmatic System Model; Eruption
Forecasting
ID LONG-PERIOD EVENTS; 1989-1990 ERUPTION; ALASKA; BENEATH; GEOCHEMISTRY;
CHEMISTRY; SWARMS; TOOL
AB Seismic activity at Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, has been closely monitored since 1989 by a network of five to ten seismometers within 22 km of the volcano's summit. Major eruptions occurred in 1989-1990 and 2009 and were characterized by large volcanic explosions, episodes of lava dome growth and failure, pyroclastic flows, and lahars.
Seismic features of the 1989-1990 eruption were 1) weak precursory tremor and a short, 23-hour-long, intense swarm of repetitive shallow long-period (LP) events centered 1.4 km below the crater floor, 2) shallow volcano-tectonic (VT) and hybrid earthquakes that separated early episodes of dome growth, 3) 13 additional swarms of LP events at shallow depths precursory to many of the 25 explosions that occurred over the more than 128 day duration of eruptive activity, and 4) a persistent cluster of VT earthquakes at 6 to 9 km depth. In contrast the 2009 eruption was preceded by a pronounced increase in deep-LP (DLP) events at lower crustal depths (25 to 38 km) that began in mid-December 2008, two months of discontinuous shallow volcanic tremor that started on January 23, 2009, a strong phreatic explosion on March 15, and a 58-hour-long swarm of repetitive shallow LP events. The 2009 eruption consisted of at least 23 major explosions between March 23 and April 5, again accompanied by shallow VT earthquakes, several episodes of shallow repetitive LP events and dome growth continuing until mid July. Increased VT earthquakes at 4 to 9 km depth began slowly in early April, possibly defining a mid-crustal magma source zone.
Magmatic processes associated with the 2009 eruption seismically activated the same portions of the Redoubt magmatic system as the 1989-1990 eruption, although the time scales and intensity vary considerably among the two eruptions. The occurrence of precursory DLP events suggests that the 2009 eruption may have involved the rise of magma from lower crustal depths. Based on the evolution of seismicity during the 1989-1990 and 2009 eruptions the Redoubt magmatic system is envisioned to consist of a shallow system of cracks extending 1 to 2 km below the crater floor, a magma storage or source region at roughly 3 to 9 km depth, and a diffuse magma source region at 25 to 38 km depth. Close tracking of seismic activity allowed the Alaska Volcano Observatory to successfully issue warnings prior to many of the hazardous explosive events that occurred in 2009. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Power, J. A.; Haney, M. M.; Ketner, D. M.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Stihler, S. D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Chouet, B. A.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Power, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Alaska Volcano Observ, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM jpower@usgs.gov
NR 52
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 31
EP 44
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.09.014
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500004
ER
PT J
AU Ketner, D
Power, J
AF Ketner, Dane
Power, John
TI Characterization of seismic events during the 2009 eruption of Redoubt
Volcano, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Redoubt; Volcano seismology; Multiplets; Swarms
ID EVOLUTION
AB Seismic events were automatically detected and characterized throughout the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska on a single short period station located 3 km from the volcanic crater. A total of 126,789 individual events were identified from continuous recording of seismic data from January 1 to June 30 (average 29 events per hour) using a short-term average/long-term average detection algorithm. Nine metrics were computed for this suite of events including event duration, inter-event time, event rate, peak amplitude, peak-to-peak amplitude, root-mean-square (RMS) amplitude, peak frequency, center frequency, and frequency index. Eight swarms were identified with event rates exceeding 100 events per hour. The first two occurred in late January and are attributed to high amplitude spasmodic tremor. Five additional swarms were manually repicked including swarms on February 26-27, March 20-23, March 27, March 29, and April 2-4. Three of these swarms immediately preceded major explosions including March 20-23, March 27, and April 2-4. A final swarm on May 2-9 was re-picked using a correlation detection scheme. We identified 146 event families that occurred within this suite of selected events using a cross correlation technique. Seven explosions were each immediately preceded by one or more event families. Events from the dominant family during each of these periods was additionally re-picked using correlation detection. The procession of event metrics and occurrence of event families formed a complex distribution throughout the eruption. A single-station approach was used to gain a fine-scale view of variations in seismic behavior at Redoubt with a focus on potential indicators of impending explosions. These techniques may serve an important role in future real-time eruption monitoring efforts. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Ketner, Dane; Power, John] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Ketner, D (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, 4200 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM dketner@usgs.gov
NR 29
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 45
EP 62
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.10.007
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500005
ER
PT J
AU Haney, MM
Chouet, BA
Dawson, PB
Power, JA
AF Haney, Matthew M.
Chouet, Bernard A.
Dawson, Phillip B.
Power, John A.
TI Source characterization for an explosion during the 2009 eruption of
Redoubt Volcano from very-long-period seismic waves
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Explosive eruptions; Seismology; Volcanism; Very-long-period seismicity
ID STROMBOLI-VOLCANO; POPOCATEPETL VOLCANO; PRESSURE RECOVERY; FORM
INVERSIONS; BUBBLE-GROWTH; SIGNALS; ALASKA; MEXICO; JAPAN; TOPOGRAPHY
AB The 2009 eruption of Redoubt produced several very-long-period (VLP) signals associated with explosions. We invert for the source location and mechanism of an explosion at Redoubt volcano using waveform methods applied to broadband recordings. Such characterization of the source carries information on the geometry of the conduit and the physics of the explosion process. Inversions are carried out assuming the volcanic source can be modeled as a point source, with mechanisms described by a) a set of 3 orthogonal forces, b) a moment tensor consisting of force couples, and c) both forces and moment tensor components. We find that the source of the VLP seismic waves during the explosion is well-described by either a combined moment/force source located northeast of the crater and at an elevation of 1.6 km ASL or a moment source at an elevation of 800 m to the southwest of the crater. The moment tensors for the solutions with moment and force and moment-only share similar characteristics. The source time functions for both moment tensors begin with inflation (pressurization) and execute two cycles of deflation-reinflation (depressurization-repressurization). Although the moment/force source provides a better fit to the data, we find that owing to the limited coverage of the broadband stations at Redoubt the moment-only source is the more robust and reliable solution. Based on the moment-only solution, we estimate a volume change of 19,000 m(3) and a pressure change of 7 MPa in a dominant sill and an out-of-phase volume change of 5000 m(3) and pressure change of 1.8 MPa in a subdominant dike at the source location. These results shed new light on the magmatic plumbing system beneath Redoubt and complement previous studies on Vulcanian explosions at other volcanoes. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Haney, Matthew M.; Power, John A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Chouet, Bernard A.; Dawson, Phillip B.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Haney, MM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK USA.
EM mhaney@usgs.gov
NR 36
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 77
EP 88
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.018
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500007
ER
PT J
AU Hotovec, AJ
Prejean, SG
Vidale, JE
Gomberg, J
AF Hotovec, Alicia J.
Prejean, Stephanie G.
Vidale, John E.
Gomberg, Joan
TI Strongly gliding harmonic tremor during the 2009 eruption of Redoubt
Volcano
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Harmonic tremor; Gliding spectral lines; Repeating earthquakes; Redoubt
Volcano; Volcano seismology
ID LONG VALLEY CALDERA; MOUNT ST-HELENS; ACOUSTIC OBSERVATIONS; ARENAL
VOLCANO; COSTA-RICA; KARYMSKY VOLCANO; PERIOD EVENTS; SOURCE MODEL;
ALASKA; EARTHQUAKES
AB During the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, gliding harmonic tremor occurred prominently before six nearly consecutive explosions during the second half of the eruptive sequence. The fundamental frequency repeatedly glided upward from <1 Hz to as high as 30 Hz in less than 10 min, followed by a relative seismic quiescence of 10 to 60s immediately prior to explosion. High frequency (5 to 20 Hz) gliding returned during the extrusive phase, and lasted for 20 min to 3 hat a time. Although harmonic tremor is not uncommon at volcanoes, tremor at such high frequencies is a rare observation. These frequencies approach or exceed the plausible upper limits of many models that have been suggested for volcanic tremor. We also analyzed the behavior of a swarm of repeating earthquakes that immediately preceded the first instance of pre-explosion gliding harmonic tremor. We find that these earthquakes share several traits with upward gliding harmonic tremor, and favor the explanation that the gliding harmonic tremor at Redoubt Volcano is created by the superposition of increasingly frequent and regular, repeating stick-slip earthquakes through the Dirac comb effect. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hotovec, Alicia J.; Vidale, John E.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Prejean, Stephanie G.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Gomberg, Joan] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Hotovec, AJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Box 351510, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM ahotovec@uw.edu
RI Vidale, John/H-4965-2011;
OI Vidale, John/0000-0002-3658-818X; Hotovec-Ellis,
Alicia/0000-0003-1917-0205
FU USGS ARRA funds
FX We thank multiple AVO seismologists who first noted gliding tremor
during the eruption, including Matt Haney and Glenn Thompson. We also
thank John Power, Helena Buurman, Steve Malone, Cliff Thurber, Silvio de
Angelis, Cyrus Read, Wes Thelen, Bernard Chouet, Michelle Coombs, and
the rest of the AVO staff for the useful discussions and assistance. The
manuscript was greatly improved by thoughtful reviews by Jackie
Caplan-Auerbach, Matt Haney, and an anonymous reviewer. A. Hotovec was
supported by USGS ARRA funds for 3 months in 2010.
NR 69
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 89
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.01.001
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500008
ER
PT J
AU Schneider, DJ
Hoblitt, RP
AF Schneider, David J.
Hoblitt, Richard P.
TI Doppler weather radar observations of the 2009 eruption of Redoubt
Volcano, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Radar; Redoubt Volcano; Tephra; Explosive eruptions; Aggregation
ID ASH; CLOUDS; RETRIEVAL; SIZES; MODEL
AB The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) deployed a transportable Doppler C-band radar during the precursory stage of the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska that provided valuable information during subsequent explosive events. We describe the capabilities of this new monitoring tool and present data captured during the Redoubt eruption. The MiniMax 250-C (MM-250C) radar detected seventeen of the nineteen largest explosive events between March 23 and April 4, 2009. Sixteen of these events reached the stratosphere (above 10 km) within 2-5 min of explosion onset. High column and proximal cloud reflectivity values (50 to 60 dBZ) were observed from many of these events, and were likely due to the formation of mm-sized accretionary tephra-ice pellets. Reflectivity data suggest that these pellets formed within the first few minutes of explosion onset. Rapid sedimentation of the mm-sized pellets was observed as a decrease in maximum detection cloud height. The volcanic cloud from the April 4 explosive event showed lower reflectivity values, due to finer particle sizes (related to dome collapse and related pyroclastic flows) and lack of significant pellet formation. Eruption durations determined by the radar were within a factor of two compared to seismic and pressure-sensor derived estimates, and were not well correlated. Ash dispersion observed by the radar was primarily in the upper troposphere below 10 km, but satellite observations indicate the presence of volcanogenic clouds in the stratosphere. This study suggests that radar is a valuable complement to traditional seismic and satellite monitoring of explosive eruptions. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Schneider, David J.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Hoblitt, Richard P.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Schneider, DJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, 4230 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM djschneider@usgs.gov
NR 27
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 133
EP 144
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.11.004
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500011
ER
PT J
AU Wallace, KL
Schaefer, JR
Coombs, ML
AF Wallace, Kristi L.
Schaefer, Janet R.
Coombs, Michelle L.
TI Character, mass, distribution, and origin of tephra-fall deposits from
the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska-Highlighting the
significance of particle aggregation
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Tephra; Isomass; Accretionary pellets; Redoubt; Volcanic ash;
Aggregation; Aggregates; Fine ash
ID PYROCLASTIC DEPOSITS; ASH; CLASSIFICATION; TRANSPORT; ROCKS
AB The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano included 20 tephra-producing explosions between March 15, 2009 and April 4, 2009 (UTC). Next-Generation radar (NEXRAD) data show that plumes reached heights between 4.6 km and 19 km asl and were distributed downwind along nearly all azimuths of the volcano. Explosions lasted between <1 and 31 min based on the signal duration at a distal seismic station (86 km). From Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery and field data, we estimate that over 80,000 km(2) received at least minor ash fall (>0.8 mm thick), including communities along the Kenai Peninsula (80-100 km) and the city of Anchorage (170 km). Trace ash (<0.8 mm) was reported as far as Fairbanks, 550 km NNE of the volcano. We estimate the total mass of tephra-fall deposits at 54.6 x 10(9) kg with a total DRE volume of 20.6 x 10(6) m(3).
On March 15, a small (4.6 km asl) phreatic explosion containing minor, non-juvenile ash, erupted through the summit ice cap. The first five magmatic explosions (events 1-5) occurred within a 6-hour period on March 23. Plumes rose to heights between 5.5 km and 14.9 km asl during 2- to 20-minute-duration explosions, and were dispersed mainly along a NNE trajectory. Trace ash fall was reported as far as Fairbanks. Owing to a shift in wind direction and heavy snowfall during these events, field discrimination among many of these layers was possible. All deposits comprise a volumetrically significant amount of particle aggregates, yet only event 5 deposits contain coarse clasts including glacier ice. The most voluminous tephra fall was deposited on March 24 (event 6) from a 15 minute explosion that sent a plume to 18.3 km asl, and dispersed tephra to the WNW. Within 10 km of the vent this deposit contains 1-11 cm pumice clasts in a matrix of 1-2 mm aggregate lapilli. A small dome was presumably emplaced between March 23 and March 26 and was subsequently destroyed during 1-14 minute magmatic explosions of events 7-8 (March 26) that sent plumes between 8.2 km and 19 km asl. Ash fell along a broad swath to the ESE, covering communities along the Kenai Peninsula with up to 1 mm of ash. Proximal deposits are largely composed of aggregate lapilli of 1-2 mm with very little coarse juvenile material. Events 9-18 (March 27) sent plumes between 5.2 km and 15.5 km asl during <1-11-minute-long explosions. Ash clouds dispersed along trajectories to the NE, ENE and N and event 17 deposited up to 1 mm of ash on upper Kenai Peninsula and Anchorage. A moderate-size dome was emplaced between March 29 and April 4 and was subsequently destroyed during event 19 on April 4 which lasted 31 min and sent ash to 15.2 km asl. The proximal deposit is principally composed of dense dome rock, unlike earlier events, indicating that event 19 was likely caused by dome failure. The cloud dispersed to the SE along a narrow trajectory and up to 1-2 mm of ash fell on the lower Kenai Peninsula.
Particle size data showing a preponderance of fine ash, even in the most proximal locations, along with the abundance of aggregate lapilli documented in most samples, confirms that particle aggregation played a significant role in the 2009 eruption and induced premature fallout of fine ash. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Wallace, Kristi L.; Coombs, Michelle L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Volcano Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Schaefer, Janet R.] Alaska Volcano Observ, Alaska Div Geol & Geophys Surveys, Fairbanks, AK 99708 USA.
RP Wallace, KL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Volcano Sci Ctr, 4200 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM kwallace@usgs.gov
NR 46
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 3
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 145
EP 169
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.09.015
PG 25
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500012
ER
PT J
AU Ekstrand, AL
Webley, PW
Garay, MJ
Dehn, J
Prakash, A
Nelson, DL
Dean, KG
Steensen, T
AF Ekstrand, Angela L.
Webley, Peter W.
Garay, Michael J.
Dehn, Jonathan
Prakash, Anupma
Nelson, David L.
Dean, Kenneson G.
Steensen, Torge
TI A multi-sensor plume height analysis of the 2009 Redoubt eruption
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Remote sensing; Redoubt; Ash clouds; MISR; MODIS; AVHRR
ID VOLCANIC ASH CLOUDS; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; WEATHER RADAR; RETRIEVAL;
DYNAMICS; ALASKA; MODEL; MISR; TOP
AB During an explosive volcanic eruption, accurately determining the height of a volcanic plume or cloud is essential to accurately forecast its motion because volcanic ash transport and dispersion models require the initial plume height as an input parameter. The direct use of satellite infrared temperatures for height determination, one of the most commonly employed methods at the Alaska Volcano Observatory, often does not yield unique solutions for height. This result is documented here for the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano. Satellite temperature heights consistently underestimated the height of ash plumes in comparison to other methods such as ground-based radar and Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) stereo heights. For ash plumes below the tropopause, increasing transparency of a plume begins to affect the accuracy of simple temperature height retrievals soon after eruption. With decreasing opacity, plume temperature heights become increasingly inaccurate. Comparison with dispersion models and aircraft gas flight data confirms that radar and MISR stereo heights are more accurate than basic satellite temperature heights. Even in the cases in which satellite temperature results appeared to be relatively accurate (e.g., for plumes below the tropopause), a mixed signal of plume and ground radiation still presented an issue for almost every event studied. This was true regardless of the fact that a band differencing method was used to remove presumably translucent pixels. The data presented here make a strong case for the use of data fusion in volcano monitoring, as there is a need to confirm satellite temperature heights with other height data. If only basic satellite temperature heights are available for a given eruption, then these heights must be considered with a significant margin of error. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ekstrand, Angela L.; Webley, Peter W.; Dehn, Jonathan; Prakash, Anupma; Dean, Kenneson G.; Steensen, Torge] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Ekstrand, Angela L.; Webley, Peter W.; Dehn, Jonathan; Dean, Kenneson G.; Steensen, Torge] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Garay, Michael J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Nelson, David L.] Raytheon Co, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA.
RP Ekstrand, AL (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, 903 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM angela.ekstrand@gi.alaska.edu
RI Webley, Peter/F-8238-2015
OI Webley, Peter/0000-0001-5327-8151
FU American Reinvestment and Recovery Act; Alaska Space Grant Program;
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX We would like to thank Lovro Valcic (AVO/UAF-GI) and Scott McFarlane
(AVO/UAF-GI) for assistance in obtaining and processing AVHRR and MODIS
satellite imagery, David McAlpin (UAF-GI) for processing of the DEM
data, Jeremy Harbeck for assistance with programming and computational
analysis in IDL, David Schneider (USGS) for providing radar data, Peter
Kelly (USGS) for providing gas flight data, and Steve McNutt
(AVO/UAF-GI) for providing seismic data. Thanks to Ralph Kahn (NASA
GSFC) and Michael Pavolonis (NOAA) and one anonymous reviewer for
helpful comments and feedback. This work was supported in part by The
American Reinvestment and Recovery Act, as well as the Alaska Space
Grant Program. Portions of this work were carried out at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 59
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 170
EP 184
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.09.008
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500013
ER
PT J
AU Webley, PW
Lopez, TM
Ekstrand, AL
Dean, KG
Rinkleff, P
Dehn, J
Cahill, CF
Wessels, RL
Bailey, JE
Izbekov, P
Worden, A
AF Webley, P. W.
Lopez, T. M.
Ekstrand, A. L.
Dean, K. G.
Rinkleff, P.
Dehn, J.
Cahill, C. F.
Wessels, R. L.
Bailey, J. E.
Izbekov, P.
Worden, A.
TI Remote observations of eruptive clouds and surface thermal activity
during the 2009 eruption of Redoubt volcano
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Remote sensing; Redoubt Volcano; Ash clouds; Thermal infrared
ID ASH CLOUDS; ALASKA; SPACE
AB Volcanoes often erupt explosively and generate a variety of hazards including volcanic ash clouds and gaseous plumes. These clouds and plumes are a significant hazard to the aviation industry and the ground features can be a major hazard to local communities. Here, we provide a chronology of the 2009 Redoubt Volcano eruption using frequent, low spatial resolution thermal infrared (TIR), mid-infrared (MIR) and ultraviolet (UV) satellite remote sensing data. The first explosion of the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano occurred on March 15, 2009 (UTC) and was followed by a series of magmatic explosive events starting on March 23 (UTC). From March 23-April 4 2009, satellites imaged at least 19 separate explosive events that sent ash clouds up to 18 km above sea level (ASL) that dispersed ash across the Cook Inlet region. In this manuscript, we provide an overview of the ash clouds and plumes from the 19 explosive events, detailing their cloud-top heights and discussing the variations in infrared absorption signals. We show that the timing of the TIR data relative to the event end time was critical for inferring the TIR derived height and true cloud top height. The ash clouds were high in water content, likely in the form of ice, which masked the negative TIR brightness temperature difference (BTD) signal typically used for volcanic ash detection. The analysis shown here illustrates the utility of remote sensing data during volcanic crises to measure critical real-time parameters, such as cloud-top heights, changes in ground-based thermal activity, and plume/cloud location. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Webley, P. W.; Lopez, T. M.; Ekstrand, A. L.; Dean, K. G.; Rinkleff, P.; Dehn, J.; Cahill, C. F.; Izbekov, P.; Worden, A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Webley, P. W.; Lopez, T. M.; Ekstrand, A. L.; Dean, K. G.; Rinkleff, P.; Dehn, J.; Cahill, C. F.; Izbekov, P.; Worden, A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Lopez, T. M.; Cahill, C. F.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Ekstrand, A. L.; Rinkleff, P.; Worden, A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Geol & Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Wessels, R. L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Bailey, J. E.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Scenarios Network Alaska Planning, Geog Program, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Webley, PW (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, 903 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM pwebley@gi.alaska.edu
RI Izbekov, Pavel/B-5110-2010; Webley, Peter/F-8238-2015
OI Webley, Peter/0000-0001-5327-8151
FU USGS American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) grant; USGS;
Cooperative Institute for Alaska Research; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration [NA080AR4320751]; University of Alaska
FX We would like to thank all of the remote sensing team at the Alaska
Volcano Observatory (AVO) for their time and energy in monitoring the
2009 eruption at Redoubt Volcano, specifically Dr David Schneider for
his plume height analysis from the USGS radar data. AVO is a joint
program of the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the Geophysical
Institute of the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAFGI), and the State
of Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys (ADGGS). This
work was partly funded through a USGS American Recovery and Reinvestment
Act (ARRA) grant and USGS co-operative agreement. Additionally, this
publication is the result in part of research sponsored by the
Cooperative Institute for Alaska Research with funds from the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under cooperative agreement
NA080AR4320751 with the University of Alaska.
NR 35
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 185
EP 200
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.06.023
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500014
ER
PT J
AU Mastin, LG
Schwaiger, H
Schneider, DJ
Wallace, KL
Schaefer, J
Denlinger, RP
AF Mastin, Larry G.
Schwaiger, Hans
Schneider, David J.
Wallace, Kristi L.
Schaefer, Janet
Denlinger, Roger P.
TI Injection, transport, and deposition of tephra during event 5 at Redoubt
Volcano, 23 March, 2009
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Tephra fall hazards; Tephra modeling; Alaska; Redoubt Volcano; Particle
aggregation
ID GRAIN-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; ASH; ERUPTION; SIMULATION; MODEL; PARTICLES;
ASHFALL
AB Among the events of the 2009 eruption at Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, event 5 was the best documented by radar, satellite imagery, and deposit mapping. We use the new Eulerian tephra transport model Ash3d to simulate transport and deposition of event 5 tephra at distances up to 350 km. The eruption, which started at about 1230 UTC on 23 March, 2009, sent a plume from the vent elevation (estimated at 2.3 +/- 0.1 km above sea level or a.s.l.) to about 16 +/- 2 km above sea level in 5 min. The plume was a few kilometers higher than would be expected for the estimated average mass eruption rate and atmospheric conditions, possibly due to release of most of the eruptive mass in the first half of the 20-minute event. The eruption injected tephra into a wind field of high shear, with weak easterly winds below -3 km elevation, strong southerly winds at 6-10 km and weak westerlies above similar to 16 km. Model simulations in this wind field predicted development of a northward-migrating inverted "v"-shaped cloud with a southwest-trending arm at a few kilometers elevation, which was not visible in IR satellite images due to cloud cover, and a southeast-trending arm at > 10 km elevation that was clearly visible. Simulations also predicted a deposit distribution that strongly depended on plume height: a plume height below 15 km predicted ash deposits that were located west of those mapped, whereas good agreement was reached with a modeled plume height of 15-18 km. Field sampling of the deposit found it to contain abundant tephra aggregates, which accelerated the removal of tephra from the atmosphere. We were able to reasonably approximate the effect of aggregation on the deposit mass distribution by two methods: (1) adjusting the grain-size distribution, taking the erupted mass < = 0.063 mm in diameter and distributing it evenly into bins of coarser size; and (2) moving 80-90% of the mass < = 0.063 mm into a single particle bin ranging in size from 025 to 1 mm. These methods produced an area inside the 100 g m(-2) isomass lines that was within a few tens of percent of mapped area; however they under-predicted deposit mass at very proximal (<50 km) and very distal (>250 km) locations. Modeled grain-size distributions at sample locations are also generally coarser than observed. The mismatch may result from a combination of limitations in field sampling, approximations inherent in the model, errors in the numerical wind field, and aggregation of particles larger than 0.063 mm. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Mastin, Larry G.; Denlinger, Roger P.] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Schwaiger, Hans; Schneider, David J.; Wallace, Kristi L.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Schaefer, Janet] Alaska Div Geol & Geophys Surveys, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
RP Mastin, LG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1300 SE Cardinal Court,Bldg 10,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM lgmastin@usgs.gov
NR 33
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U1 0
U2 10
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 201
EP 213
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.025
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500015
ER
PT J
AU Behnke, SA
Thomas, RJ
McNutt, SR
Schneider, DJ
Krehbiel, PR
Rison, W
Edens, HE
AF Behnke, Sonja A.
Thomas, Ronald J.
McNutt, Stephen R.
Schneider, David J.
Krehbiel, Paul R.
Rison, William
Edens, Harald E.
TI Observations of volcanic lightning during the 2009 eruption of Redoubt
Volcano
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Volcanic lightning; Redoubt; Explosive Volcanism; VHF Lightning Mapping
ID SAKURAJIMA-VOLCANO; CHARGE; ELECTRIFICATION; ACCURACY; LOCATION; JAPAN;
STEPS
AB Observations of volcanic lightning during the eruption of Redoubt Volcano in March and April 2009 were made with the Lightning Mapping Array. During the eruption twenty-three distinct episodes of volcanic lightning were observed. Electrical activity occurred as either a volcanic lightning storm with up to thousands of lightning discharges or as a weak electrical event with only a handful of lightning discharges. During the volcanic lightning storms we observed two phases of electrical activity: the explosive phase and the plume phase. The explosive phase consisted of very small discharges (on the order of 10-100 m) occurring directly above the vent while an explosive eruption was ongoing, whereas the plume phase was comprised of discharges occurring throughout the plume subsequent to the explosive eruption. The area of discharges during the explosive phase ranged from less than 1 km(2) to 50 km(2) or more. The electrical activity at the beginning of the plume phase was dominated by small discharges. Over time the horizontal extent of the flashes increased, with the largest flashes occurring at the end of the plume phase. The distribution of the horizontal size of the discharges over the lifetime of the storm indicate that the charge structure of the plume evolved from a complex and 'clumpy' structure to a more simple horizontally stratified structure. Plume height was shown to be a key factor in the quantity of lightning in a storm. The volcanic lightning storms occurred in plumes with column heights greater than 10 km. The tall plumes may contribute to the efficiency of charge generation through ice collisions by providing strong updrafts from the large thermal energy input from the eruption. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Behnke, Sonja A.; Thomas, Ronald J.; Krehbiel, Paul R.; Rison, William; Edens, Harald E.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Langmuir Lab, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[McNutt, Stephen R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Schneider, David J.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Behnke, SA (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Langmuir Lab, 801 Leroy Pl, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
EM sbehnke@nmt.edu
FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0739085]
FX We recognize the contributions made by Sandra Kieft and Graydon Aulich
of New Mexico Tech, and Edward Clark of the Alaska Volcano Observatory.
We thank the individuals and organizations who hosted our instruments in
Alaska, and the individuals with the Kenai Peninsula Borough who
provided on site technical support to one of our stations. We appreciate
the contributions of lightning data by Thor Weatherby, of the Alaska
BLM, and by the World Wide Lightning Location Network. This work was
supported by the National Science Foundation under grant ATM-0739085.
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PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 214
EP 234
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2011.12.010
PG 21
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500016
ER
PT J
AU Steensen, T
Stuefer, M
Webley, P
Grell, G
Freitas, S
AF Steensen, T.
Stuefer, M.
Webley, P.
Grell, G.
Freitas, S.
TI Qualitative comparison of Mount Redoubt 2009 volcanic clouds using the
PUFF and WRF-Chem dispersion models and satellite remote sensing data
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Remote sensing; WRF-Chem; PUFF; Mount Redoubt; Ash clouds
ID ASH CLOUDS; ALASKA; ERUPTIONS; DEPOSITION; CHEMISTRY
AB Satellite remote sensing data presents an important tool to map and analyze airborne volcanic ash, both spatially and temporally. However, such data only represents an instant in time. To supplement the satellite data and to forecast plume and cloud movement, volcanic ash transport and dispersion models are used. Mount Redoubt Volcano erupted in March and April 2009 with 19 detected events. By analyzing events 5 and 19, we show how satellite data can be used in combination with PUFF and the Weather Research and Forecast model with online Chemistry (WRF-Chem). WRF-Chem has been combined and initialized with a volcanic eruption model. PUFF as well as WRF-Chem show a good assessment of the plume characteristics compared to the satellite data. Especially for event 19, we observed a very close match between WRF-CHEM and satellite data, where PUFF showed an offset of the predicted plume. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Steensen, T.; Stuefer, M.; Webley, P.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Steensen, T.; Webley, P.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Grell, G.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Freitas, S.] Ctr Previsao Tempo & Estudos Climat CPTEC INPE, BR-12630000 Cachoeira Paulista, SP, Brazil.
RP Steensen, T (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, 903 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM tsteensen@gi.alaska.edu
RI grell, georg/B-6234-2015; Freitas, Saulo/A-2279-2012; Webley,
Peter/F-8238-2015
OI grell, georg/0000-0001-5214-8742; Freitas, Saulo/0000-0002-9879-646X;
Webley, Peter/0000-0001-5327-8151
FU American Recovery and Reinvestment Act grant (ARRA)
FX We thank the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act grant (ARRA) for
their support of this research. In addition, we thank the Alaska Volcano
Observatory for providing the satellite data. The Alaska Volcano
Observatory (AVO) is a joint program of the United States Geological
Survey (USGS), the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska
Fairbanks (UAFGI), and the State of Alaska Division of Geological and
Geophysical Surveys (ADGGS). Finally, we thank the Arctic Region
Supercomputing Center who provided the processing time and data storage
space on their supercomputers for the WRF-Chem modeling.
NR 26
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 235
EP 247
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.02.018
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500017
ER
PT J
AU Wessels, RL
Vaughan, RG
Patrick, MR
Coombs, ML
AF Wessels, Rick L.
Vaughan, R. Greg
Patrick, Matthew R.
Coombs, Michelle L.
TI High-resolution satellite and airborne thermal infrared imaging of
precursory unrest and 2009 eruption at Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE ASTER; Landsat; Thermal infrared; Lava dome; FLIR; Redoubt Volcano
ID REFLECTION RADIOMETER ASTER; LAVA EFFUSION RATES; SUMMIT CRATER; DOME;
REMOTE; LAKE; TEMPERATURE; BEZYMIANNY; STROMBOLI; EMISSION
AB A combination of satellite and airborne high-resolution visible and thermal infrared (TIR) image data detected and measured changes at Redoubt Volcano during the 2008-2009 unrest and eruption. The TIR sensors detected persistent elevated temperatures at summit ice-melt holes as seismicity and gas emissions increased in late 2008 to March 2009. A phreatic explosion on 15 March was followed by more than 19 magmatic explosive events from 23 March to 4 April that produced high-altitude ash clouds and large lahars. Two (or three) lava domes extruded and were destroyed between 23 March and 4 April. After 4 April, the eruption extruded a large lava dome that continued to grow until at least early July 2009. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Wessels, Rick L.; Coombs, Michelle L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Vaughan, R. Greg] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Wessels, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, 4200 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK USA.
EM rwessels@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Science Center; NASA [NNH08AH801]
FX Thanks to Alaska Volcano Observatory staff and students for their astute
observations and insights during and after the 2009 Redoubt Volcano
eruption. We express a special thank you to Kate Bull, Heather Bleick,
Game McGimsey, Angie Diefenbach, and Cyrus Read for taking many amazing
over flight photos and contributing useful discussions insights during
this work. We thank Sonia Calvari and an anonymous reviewer for their
helpful reviews. Thanks to Jon Dehn for his assistance and use of a FLIR
S40 during the initial response. This work was funded by the U.S.
Geological Survey Volcano Science Center. NASA (grant # NNH08AH801)
funding of the ASTER URP project (PI - Mike Ramsey, U. Pittsburgh)
provided scheduling and rapid access to ASTER data and coordination with
the ASTER Science Team. ASTER data were obtained courtesy of
NASA/GSFC/METI/ERSDAC/JAROS and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team. Thank you
to the USGS EROS Landsat team for scheduling special winter day and
night acquisitions from TM and ETM+ and Chris Noyles and Brenda Ellis
for scheduling and acquiring a large variety of frequent,
high-resolution commercial satellite data through NGA under Nextview
licensing. RADARSAT-2 Data and Products (c) MacDONALD, DETIWILER AND
ASSOCIATES LTD. 2009 - All Rights Reserved. RADARSAT is an official mark
of the Canadian Space Agency.
NR 61
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 248
EP 269
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.014
PG 22
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500018
ER
PT J
AU Werner, C
Kelly, PJ
Doukas, M
Lopez, T
Pfeffer, M
McGimsey, R
Neal, C
AF Werner, Cynthia
Kelly, Peter J.
Doukas, Michael
Lopez, Taryn
Pfeffer, Melissa
McGimsey, Robert
Neal, Christina
TI Degassing of CO2, SO2, and H2S associated with the 2009 eruption of
Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Redoubt; Degassing; Volatile; Vapor saturation; CO2; SO2; H2S
ID SOUFRIERE HILLS VOLCANO; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SULFUR SOLUBILITY; EMISSION
RATES; GAS EMISSIONS; ARC MAGMAS; MELTS; FLUXES; FLUID; GEOCHEMISTRY
AB The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska was particularly well monitored for volcanic gas emissions. We report 35 airborne measurements of CO2, SO2, and H2S emission rates that span from October 2008 to August 2010. The magmatic system degassed primarily as a closed system although minor amounts of open system degassing were observed in the 6 months prior to eruption on March 15, 2009 and over 1 year following cessation of dome extrusion. Only 14% of the total CO2 was emitted prior to eruption even though high emissions rates (between 3630 and 9020 t/d) were observed in the final 6 weeks preceding the eruption. A minor amount of the total SO2 was observed prior to eruption (4%), which was consistent with the low emission rates at that time (up to 180 t/d). The amount of the gas emitted during the explosive and dome growth period (March 15-July 1, 2009) was 59 and 66% of the total CO2 and SO2, respectively. Maximum emission rates were 33,110 t/d CO2, 16,650 t/d SO2, and 1230 t/d H2S. Post-eruptive passive degassing was responsible for 27 and 30% of the total CO2 and SO2, respectively. SO2 made up on average 92% of the total sulfur degassing throughout the eruption. Magmas were vapor saturated with a C- and S-rich volatile phase, and regardless of composition, the magmas appear to be buffered by a volatile composition with a molar CO2/SO2 ratio of similar to 2.4. Primary volatile contents calculated from degassing and erupted magma volumes range from 0.9 to 2.1 wt.% CO2 and 0.27-0.56 wt.% S; whole-rock normalized values are slightly lower (0.8-1.7 wt.% CO2 and 0.22-0.47 wt.% S) and are similar to what was calculated for the 1989-90 eruption of Redoubt. Such contents argue that primary arc magmas are rich in CO2 and S. Similar trends between volumes of estimated degassed magma and observed erupted magma during the eruptive period point to primary volatile contents of 1.25 wt.% CO2 and 0.35 wt.% S. Assuming these values, up to 30% additional unerupted magma degassed in the year following final dome emplacement. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Werner, Cynthia; McGimsey, Robert; Neal, Christina] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Volcano Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Kelly, Peter J.; Doukas, Michael] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Lopez, Taryn] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Pfeffer, Melissa] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, Oslo, Norway.
RP Werner, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Volcano Sci Ctr, 4200 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM cwerner@usgs.gov
OI Lopez, Taryn/0000-0001-6831-4573; Pfeffer, Melissa/0000-0002-1689-1739
FU US Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program
FX The authors are very grateful for the dedicated and careful work from
the pilots of Security Aviation (Steve Jones and Jerry Morris) and Rick
Wessels for making COSPEC measurements. Helpful reviews were provided by
Jake Lowenstern and one anonymous reviewer. This work was funded by the
US Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program.
NR 67
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 270
EP 284
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.012
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500019
ER
PT J
AU Pfeffer, MA
Doukas, MP
Werner, CA
Evans, WC
AF Pfeffer, Melissa Anne
Doukas, Michael P.
Werner, Cynthia A.
Evans, William C.
TI Airborne filter pack measurements of S and Cl in the plume of Redoubt
Volcano, Alaska February-May 2009
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Redoubt Volcano; Sulfur; Chlorine; Volcanic emissions; Filter pack
measurements
ID SOUFRIERE HILLS VOLCANO; WEST-INDIES; ERUPTION; EMISSIONS; GASES;
MONTSERRAT; EVOLUTION; SULFUR
AB Filter pack data from six airborne campaigns at Redoubt Volcano, Alaska are reported here. These measurements provide a rare constraint on Cl output from an andesitic eruption at high emission rate (> 10(4) t d(-1) SO2). Four S/Cl ratios measured during a period of lava dome growth indicate a depth of last magma equilibration of 2-5 km. The S/Cl ratios in combination with COSPEC SO2 emission rate measurements indicate HCl emission rates of 1500-3600 t d(-1) during dome growth. SO2 and HCl emission rates at Redoubt Volcano correlate with each other and were low prior to the eruption, high during the eruption, and low after the eruption. S/Cl ratios measured by filter pack at andesitic volcanoes have a small range of variance, with no clear trends seen for eruptive versus passive activity. The very few S/Cl ratio measurements by filter pack at andesitic volcanoes are not as predictive of future volcanic activity as has been demonstrated for basaltic volcanoes. This may be because there are so few of these measurements. We have demonstrated it is possible to collect these samples by air between explosions during lava dome-building eruptions. We recommend more filter pack sampling be performed at andesitic volcanoes to determine the technique's utility for volcano monitoring. Filter pack data has been demonstrated to be useful for calculating the depth of magma equilibration at volcanoes including Redoubt Volcano. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pfeffer, Melissa Anne] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, Oslo, Norway.
[Doukas, Michael P.; Werner, Cynthia A.] USGS, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Evans, William C.] USGS, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
RP Pfeffer, MA (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, Oslo, Norway.
EM m.a.pfeffer@geo.uio.no
OI Pfeffer, Melissa/0000-0002-1689-1739
NR 21
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U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
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SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 285
EP 289
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.011
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500020
ER
PT J
AU Lopez, T
Carn, S
Werner, C
Fee, D
Kelly, P
Doukas, M
Pfeffer, M
Webley, P
Cahill, C
Schneider, D
AF Lopez, Taryn
Carn, Simon
Werner, Cynthia
Fee, David
Kelly, Peter
Doukas, Michael
Pfeffer, Melissa
Webley, Peter
Cahill, Catherine
Schneider, David
TI Evaluation of Redoubt Volcano's sulfur dioxide emissions by the Ozone
Monitoring Instrument
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Sulfur dioxide; Redoubt Volcano; Ozone Monitoring Instrument; Remote
sensing; Volcanic gases
ID SOUFRIERE-HILLS VOLCANO; ERUPTIVE ACTIVITY; SO2; RATES; PLUMES
AB The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, provided a rare opportunity to compare satellite measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO2) by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) with airborne SO2 measurements by the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO). Herein we: (1) compare OMI and airborne SO2 column density values for Redoubt's tropospheric plume, (2) calculate daily SO2 masses from Mount Redoubt for the first three months of the eruption, (3) develop simple methods to convert daily measured SO2 masses into emission rates to allow satellite data to be directly integrated with the airborne SO2 emissions dataset, (4) calculate cumulative SO2 emissions from the eruption, and (5) evaluate OMI as a monitoring tool for high-latitude degassing volcanoes. A linear correlation (R-2 similar to 0.75) is observed between OMI and airborne SO2 column densities. OMI daily SO2 masses for the sample period ranged from similar to 60.1 kt on 24 March to below detection limit, with an average daily SO2 mass of similar to 6.7 Id. The highest SO2 emissions were observed during the initial part of the explosive phase and the emissions exhibited an overall decreasing trend with time. OMI SO2 emission rates were derived using three methods and compared to airborne measurements. This comparison yields a linear correlation (R-2 similar to 0.82) with OMI-derived emission rates consistently lower than airborne measurements. The comparison results suggest that OMI's detection limit for high latitude, springtime conditions varies from similar to 2000 to 4000 t/d. Cumulative SO2 masses calculated from daily OMI data for the sample period are estimated to range from 542 to 615 kt, with approximately half of this SO2 produced during the explosive phase of the eruption. These cumulative masses are similar in magnitude to those estimated for the 1989-90 Redoubt eruption. Strong correlations between daily OMI SO2 mass and both tephra mass and acoustic energy during the explosive phase of the eruption suggest that OMI data may be used to infer relative eruption size and explosivity. Further, when used in conjunction with complementary datasets, OMI daily SO2 masses may be used to help distinguish explosive from effusive activity and identify changes in lava extrusion rates. The results of this study suggest that OMI is a useful volcano monitoring tool to complement airborne measurements, capture explosive SO2 emissions, and provide high temporal resolution SO2 emissions data that can be used with interdisciplinary datasets to illuminate volcanic processes. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lopez, Taryn; Webley, Peter; Cahill, Catherine] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Volcano Observ, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Lopez, Taryn; Cahill, Catherine] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Carn, Simon] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol & Min Engn & Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Werner, Cynthia; Schneider, David] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Fee, David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Wilson Infrasound Observ, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Kelly, Peter; Doukas, Michael] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Pfeffer, Melissa] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
RP Lopez, T (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Volcano Observ, Inst Geophys, 903 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM tlopez@gi.alaska.edu
RI Webley, Peter/F-8238-2015;
OI Webley, Peter/0000-0001-5327-8151; Lopez, Taryn/0000-0001-6831-4573;
Pfeffer, Melissa/0000-0002-1689-1739
FU NASA [NNX09AJ40G]; Alaska Volcano Observatory; UAF Geophysical
Institute; Alaska Space Grant Consortium; American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act (ARRA) grant
FX The authors are grateful for constructive comments by Chris Waythomas
and two anonymous reviewers whose suggestions significantly improved
this manuscript. The authors would like to acknowledge pilots Steve
Jones and Jerry Morris from Security Aviation as well as AVO scientists
Rick Wessels, Game McGimsey and Tina Neal, for their contributions to
airborne gas measurement collection. TML would like to thank Kate Bull,
Helena Buurman, Ronni Grapenthin, Michelle Coombs, Jon Dehn, Bill
Simpson, Rainer Newberry, Owen Neill, Sarah Henton and Tiystan Herriott
for insightful scientific discussions regarding this work. TML would
like to thank Angela Ekstrand for help with figure creation and Helena
Buurman for providing daily earthquake data for PSD analysis. SAC
acknowledges NASA funding for OMI SO2 validation (grant
NNX09AJ40G). This work has been funded by the Alaska Volcano
Observatory, the UAF Geophysical Institute, the Alaska Space Grant
Consortium, and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) grant.
NR 68
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U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 290
EP 307
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.03.002
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500021
ER
PT J
AU Diefenbach, AK
Bull, KF
Wessels, RL
McGimsey, RG
AF Diefenbach, Angela K.
Bull, Katharine F.
Wessels, Rick L.
McGimsey, Robert G.
TI Photogrammetric monitoring of lava dome growth during the 2009 eruption
of Redoubt Volcano
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Oblique photogrammetry; Dome volume; Dome extrusion rate; Redoubt
Volcano
ID MOUNT-ST-HELENS; HILLS VOLCANO; MONTSERRAT; STROMBOLI; RATES; ETNA
AB The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, began with a phreatic explosion on 15 March followed by a series of at least 19 explosive events and growth and destruction of at least two, and likely three, lava domes between 22 March and 4 April. On 4 April explosive activity gave way to continuous lava effusion within the summit crater. We present an analysis of post-4 April lava dome growth using an oblique photogrammetry approach that provides a safe, rapid, and accurate means of measuring dome growth. Photogrammetric analyses of oblique digital images acquired during helicopter observation flights and fixed-wing volcanic gas surveys produced a series of digital elevation models (DEMs) of the lava dome from 16 April to 23 September. The DEMs were used to calculate estimates of volume and time-averaged extrusion rates and to quantify morphological changes during dome growth. Effusion rates ranged from a maximum of 35 m(3) s(-1) during the initial two weeks to a low of 2.2 m(3) s(-1) in early summer 2009. The average effusion rate from April to July was 9.5 m(3) s(-1). Early, rapid dome growth was characterized by extrusion of blocky lava that spread laterally within the summit crater. In mid-to-late April the volume of the dome had reached 36 x 10(6) m(3), roughly half of the total volume, and dome growth within the summit crater began to be limited by confining crater walls to the south, east, and west. Once the dome reached the steep, north-sloping gorge that breaches the crater, growth decreased to the south, but the dome continued to inflate and extend northward down the gorge. Effusion slowed during 16 April-1 May, but in early May the rate increased again. This rate increase was accompanied by a transition to exogenous dome growth. From mid-May to July the effusion rate consistently declined. The decrease is consistent with observations of reduced seismicity, gas emission, and thermal anomalies, as well as declining rates of geodetic deflation or inflation. These trends suggest dome growth ceased by July 2009. The volume of the dome at the end of the 2009 eruption was about 72 x 10(6) m(3), more than twice the estimated volume of the largest dome extruded during the 1989-1990 eruption. In total, the 2009 dome extends over 400 m down the glacial gorge on the north end of the crater, with a total length of 1 km, width of 500 m and an average thickness of 200 m. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Diefenbach, Angela K.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Bull, Katharine F.] Geol & Geophys Surveys, Alaska Div, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99708 USA.
[Wessels, Rick L.; McGimsey, Robert G.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Diefenbach, AK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, 1300 SE Cardinal Court,Bldg 10,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM adiefenbach@usgs.gov
NR 39
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 308
EP 316
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2011.12.009
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500022
ER
PT J
AU Kelly, PJ
Kern, C
Roberts, TJ
Lopez, T
Werner, C
Aiuppa, A
AF Kelly, Peter J.
Kern, Christoph
Roberts, Tjarda J.
Lopez, Taryn
Werner, Cynthia
Aiuppa, Alessandro
TI Rapid chemical evolution of tropospheric volcanic emissions from Redoubt
Volcano, Alaska, based on observations of ozone and halogen-containing
gases
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Volcanic plume; Ozone depletion; Bromine monoxide; Reactive halogen; Sub
arctic troposphere; Chemical evolution
ID ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CROSS-SECTIONS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SO2 EMISSIONS;
ST-HELENS; NM REGION; PLUMES; DEPLETION; BROMINE; ERUPTIONS
AB We report results from an observational and modeling study of reactive chemistry in the tropospheric plume emitted by Redoubt Volcano, Alaska. Our measurements include the first observations of Br and I degassing from an Alaskan volcano, the first study of O-3 evolution in a volcanic plume, as well as the first detection of BrO in the plume of a passively degassing Alaskan volcano. This study also represents the first detailed spatially-resolved comparison of measured and modeled O-3 depletion in a volcanic plume. The composition of the plume was measured on June 20, 2010 using base-treated filter packs (for F, Cl, Br, I, and S) at the crater rim and by an instrumented fixed-wing aircraft on June 21 and August 19, 2010. The aircraft was used to track the chemical evolution of the plume up to similar to 30 km downwind (2 h plume travel time) from the volcano and was equipped to make in situ observations of O-3, water vapor, CO2, SO2, and H2S during both flights plus remote spectroscopic observations of SO2 and BrO on the August 19th flight. The airborne data from June 21 reveal rapid chemical O-3 destruction in the plume as well as the strong influence chemical heterogeneity in background air had on plume composition. Spectroscopic retrievals from airborne traverses made under the plume on August 19 show that BrO was present similar to 6 km downwind (20 min plume travel time) and in situ measurements revealed several ppbv of O-3 loss near the center of the plume at a similar location downwind. Simulations with the PlumeChem model reproduce the timing and magnitude of the observed O-3 deficits and suggest that autocatalytic release of reactive bromine and in-plume formation of BrO were primarily responsible for the observed O-3 destruction in the plume. The measurements are therefore in general agreement with recent model studies of reactive halogen formation in volcanic plumes, but also show that field studies must pay close attention to variations in the composition of ambient air entrained into volcanic plumes in order to unambiguously attribute observed O-3 anomalies to specific chemical or dynamic processes. Our results suggest that volcanic eruptions in Alaska are sources of reactive halogen species to the subarctic troposphere. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Kelly, Peter J.; Kern, Christoph] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Volcano Sci Ctr, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Roberts, Tjarda J.] TJ Roberts Res, N-9012 Tromso, Norway.
[Lopez, Taryn] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Volcano Observ, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Lopez, Taryn] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Werner, Cynthia] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Volcano Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Aiuppa, Alessandro] Univ Palermo, DiSTeM, I-90123 Palermo, Italy.
[Aiuppa, Alessandro] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy.
RP Kelly, PJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Volcano Sci Ctr, 1300 SE Cardinal Court, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM pkelly@usgs.gov
OI Lopez, Taryn/0000-0001-6831-4573
FU USGS Volcano Science Center; Norwegian Polar Institute; American
Recovery and Reinvestment Act funds; Universita di Palermo
FX We warmly acknowledge Gaetano Giudice and Marco Liuzzo for help with the
fieldwork as well as logistical assistance from Mike Doukas, Game
McGimsey, Kate Bull, and John Paskievitch. We thank fixed-wing pilot
Steve Jones and helicopter pilot John Fryer for their outstanding work
in support of this study. Two anonymous reviewers and Terry Gerlach
provided detailed, first-rate reviews that helped to greatly improve the
manuscript. Major funding for this work was provided by the USGS Volcano
Science Center. In addition, T.J.R thanks the Norwegian Polar Institute
for support, T.L. acknowledges support from American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act funds for three months during 2010, and field work
expenses in Alaska for A.A. were covered by CO.RI. 2008 grant (granted
by Universita di Palermo). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 52
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 317
EP 333
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.023
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500023
ER
PT J
AU Bull, KF
Anderson, SW
Diefenbach, AK
Wessels, RL
Henton, SM
AF Bull, Katharine F.
Anderson, Steven W.
Diefenbach, Angela K.
Wessels, Rick L.
Henton, Sarah M.
TI Emplacement of the final lava dome of the 2009 eruption of Redoubt
Volcano, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Dome; Effusion; Vesicularity; Andesite; Volcano; Redoubt
ID MOUNT ST-HELENS; SOUFRIERE HILLS VOLCANO; PYROCLASTIC DEPOSITS; SILICIC
VOLCANISM; SHEAR BANDS; GROWTH; MONTSERRAT; EXTRUSION; DECOMPRESSION;
COLLAPSE
AB After more than 8 months of precursory activity and over 20 explosions in 12 days, Redoubt Volcano, Alaska began to extrude the fourth and final lava dome of the 2009 eruption on April 4. By July 1 the dome had filled the pre-2009 summit crater and ceased to grow. By means of analysis and annotations of time-lapse webcam imagery, oblique-image photogrammetry techniques and capture and analysis of forward-looking infrared (FLIR) images, we tracked the volume, textural, effusive-style and temperature changes in near-real time over the entire growth period of the dome. The first month of growth (April 4-May 4) produced blocky intermediate- to high-silica andesite lava (59-62.3 wt.% SiO2) that initially formed a round dome, expanding by endogenous growth, breaking the surface crust in radial fractures and annealing them with warmer, fresh lava. On or around May 1, more finely fragmented and scoriaceous andesite lava (59.8-62.2 wt.% SiO2) began to appear at the top of the dome coincident with increased seismicity and gas emissions. The more scoriaceous lava spread radially over the dome surface, while the dome continued to expand from endogenous growth and blocky lava was exposed on the margins and south side of the dome. By mid-June the upper scoriaceous lava had covered 36% of the dome surface area. Vesicularity of the upper scoriaceous lava range from 55 to 66%, some of the highest vesicularity measurements recorded from a lava dome.
We suggest that the stability of the final lava dome primarily resulted from sufficient fracturing and clearing of the conduit by preceding explosions that allowed efficient degassing of the magma during effusion. The dome was thus able to grow until it was large enough to exceed the magmastatic pressure in the chamber, effectively shutting off the eruption. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bull, Katharine F.] Geol & Geophys Surveys, Alaska Volcano Observ, AK Div, Fairbanks, AK 99708 USA.
[Anderson, Steven W.] Univ No Colorado, Dept Earth Sci, Greeley, CO 80639 USA.
[Anderson, Steven W.] Univ No Colorado, MAST Inst, Greeley, CO 80639 USA.
[Diefenbach, Angela K.] US Geol Survey, Cascade Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Wessels, Rick L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Henton, Sarah M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Volcano Observ, Dept Earth Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Bull, KF (reprint author), Explorat Unltd, POB 81418, Fairbanks, AK 99708 USA.
EM kfbull@gmail.com
NR 68
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 334
EP 348
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.06.014
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500024
ER
PT J
AU Coombs, ML
Sisson, TW
Bleick, HA
Henton, SM
Nye, CJ
Payne, AL
Cameron, CE
Larsen, JF
Wallace, KL
Bull, KF
AF Coombs, Michelle L.
Sisson, Thomas W.
Bleick, Heather A.
Henton, Sarah M.
Nye, Chris J.
Payne, Allison L.
Cameron, Cheryl E.
Larsen, Jessica F.
Wallace, Kristi L.
Bull, Katharine F.
TI Andesites of the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Andesite; Petrology; Geothermometry; Amphibole; Magma storage; Eruption
ID ELEMENT PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; SOUFRIERE HILLS VOLCANO; FE-TI OXIDES;
THERMODYNAMIC MODEL; BASALTIC ANDESITE; ION MICROPROBE; MAGMA;
HORNBLENDE; QUARTZ; GEOCHEMISTRY
AB Crystal-rich andesites that erupted from Redoubt Volcano in 2009 range from 57.5 to 62.5 wt.% SiO2 and have phenocryst and phenocryst-melt relations consistent with staging in the upper crust. Early explosive products are low-silica andesites (LSA, <58 wt.% SiO2) that ascended from deeper crustal levels during or before the 6 months of precursory activity, but a broad subsequent succession to more evolved and cooler products, and predominantly effusive dome growth, are interpreted to result from progressive mobilization and mixing with differentiated magmas tapped from pre-2009 Redoubt intrusions at similar to 3-6 km depth. Initial explosions on March 23-28 ejected predominantly LSA with a uniform phenocryst assemblage of high-Al amphibole, similar to An(70) plagioclase, ortho- and clinopyroxene, FeTi oxides (890 to 960 degrees C), and traces of magmatic sulfide. Melt in the dominant microlite-poor LSA was compositionally uniform dacite (67-68 wt.% SiO2) but ranged to rhyolite with greater microlite growth. Minor amounts of intermediate- to high-silica andesite (ISA, HSA; 59-62.5 wt.% SiO2) also erupted during the early explosions and most carried rhyolitic melt (72-74 wt.% SiO2). A lava dome grew following the initial tephra-producing events but was destroyed by an explosion on April 4. Ejecta from the April 4 explosion consists entirely of ISA and HSA, as does a subsequent lava dome that grew April 4-July 1; LSA was absent. Andesites from the April 4 event and from the final dome had pre-eruptive temperatures of 725-840 degrees C (FeTi oxides) and highly evolved matrix liquids (77-80 wt.% SiO2), including in rare microlite-free pyroclasts. ISA has mixed populations of phenocrysts suggesting it is a hybrid between HSA and LSA. The last lavas from the 2009 eruption, effused May 1-July 1, are distinctly depleted in P2O5, consistent with low temperatures and high degrees of crystallization including apatite. Plagioclase-melt hygrometry and comparison to phase equilibrium experiments are consistent with pre-eruptive storage of all three magma types at 100-160 MPa (4-6 km depth), if they were close to H2O-saturation, coincident with the locus of shallow syn-eruptive seismicity. Deeper storage would be indicated if the magmas were CO2-rich. Relatively coarse-grained clinopyroxene-rich reaction rims on many LSA amphibole phenocrysts may result from slow ascent to, or storage at, depths shallow enough for the onset of appreciable H2O exsolution, consistent with pre-eruptive staging in the uppermost crust. We interpret that the 2009 LSA ascended from depth during the 8 or more months prior to the first eruption, but that the magma stalled and accumulated in the upper crust where its phenocryst rim and melt compositions were established. Ascent of LSA through stagnant mushy intrusions residual from earlier Redoubt activity mobilized differentiated magma pockets and interstitial liquids represented by HSA, and as LSA-HSA hybrids represented by ISA, that fed the subsequently erupted lava domes. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Coombs, Michelle L.; Payne, Allison L.; Wallace, Kristi L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Volcano Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Sisson, Thomas W.; Bleick, Heather A.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Henton, Sarah M.; Larsen, Jessica F.] Univ Alaska, Dept Geol & Geophys, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99708 USA.
[Nye, Chris J.; Cameron, Cheryl E.; Bull, Katharine F.] Geol & Geophys Surveys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Alaska Div, Fairbanks, AK 99708 USA.
RP Coombs, ML (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Volcano Sci Ctr, 4200 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM mcoombs@usgs.gov
NR 75
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 349
EP 372
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.01.002
PG 24
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500025
ER
PT J
AU Bleick, HA
Coombs, ML
Cervelli, PF
Bull, KF
Wessels, RL
AF Bleick, Heather A.
Coombs, Michelle L.
Cervelli, Peter F.
Bull, Katharine F.
Wessels, Rick L.
TI Volcano-ice interactions precursory to the 2009 eruption of Redoubt
Volcano, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Redoubt Volcano; Volcano-ice interaction; Precursory; Ice cauldron;
Debris flow
ID RUAPEHU VOLCANO; HEAT-TRANSFER; NEW-ZEALAND; GLACIER; ICELAND; DEPOSITS
AB In late summer of 2008, after nearly 20 years of quiescence, Redoubt Volcano began to show signs of abnormal heat flow in its summit crater. In the months that followed, the excess heat triggered melting and ablation of Redoubt's glaciers, beginning at the summit and propagating to lower elevations as the unrest accelerated. A variety of morphological changes were observed, including the creation of ice cauldrons, areas of wide-spread subsidence, punctures in the ice carved out by steam, and deposition from debris flows. In this paper, we use visual observations, satellite data, and a high resolution digital elevation model of the volcanic edifice to calculate ice loss at Redoubt as a function of time. Our aim is to establish from this time series a proxy for heat flow that can be compared to other data sets collected along the same time interval. Our study area consists of the Drift glacier, which flows from the summit crater down the volcano's north slope, and makes up about one quarter of Redoubt's total ice volume of similar to 4 km(3). The upper part of the Drift glacier covers the area of recent volcanism, making this part of ice mass most susceptible to the effect of volcanic heating. Moreover, melt water and other flows are channeled down the Drift glacier drainage by topography, leaving the remainder of Redoubt's ice mantle relatively unaffected. The rate of ice loss averaged around 0.1 m(3)/s over the last four months of 2008, accelerated to over twenty times this value by February 2009, and peaked at greater than 22 m(3)/s, just prior to the first major explosion on March 22, 2009. We estimate a cumulative ice loss over this period of about 35 million cubic meters (M m(3)). Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bleick, Heather A.; Cervelli, Peter F.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Coombs, Michelle L.; Wessels, Rick L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Bull, Katharine F.] Geol & Geophys Surveys, Alaska State Div, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
RP Bleick, HA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 910, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM hbleick@usgs.gov
FU USGS Volcano Science Center
FX This work supported by the USGS Volcano Science Center. We thank the
staff of AVO, in particular, Game McGimsey, Tina Neal, and Kristi
Wallace, who made essential observations during overflights. Our
colleagues at the Cascade Volcano Observatory, Cynthia Gardner and Mike
Doukas, also shared helpful ideas and perspective. Helpful reviews by
Joseph Walder and an anonymous reviewer improved the manuscript. We also
thank citizens who freely shared their photographs and observations of
Redoubt Volcano. Many of our observations were collected during
observational overflights over rugged terrain and we thank the capable
pilots who made it possible, especially Jerry Morris at Security
Aviation who flew the majority of the flights and made sound
observations. ASTER data were provided by NASA/GSFC/METI/ERSDAC/JAROS
and the U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team. Quickbird imagery is a copyright
of DigitalGlobe, Inc. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government. IKONOS imagery is credited to Worldview.
NR 47
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U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 373
EP 388
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.10.008
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500026
ER
PT J
AU Waythomas, CF
Pierson, TC
Major, JJ
Scott, WE
AF Waythomas, Christopher F.
Pierson, Thomas C.
Major, Jon J.
Scott, William E.
TI Voluminous ice-rich and water-rich lahars generated during the 2009
eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Redoubt Volcano; Lahars; Hazards; Volcano-ice interactions
ID DRIVEN SLURRY FORMATION; MOUNT-ST-HELENS; DEBRIS FLOWS; PYROCLAST/SNOW
INTERACTIONS; RUAPEHU VOLCANO; DRIFT GLACIER; DOME GROWTH; NEW-ZEALAND;
SNOW; MASS
AB Redoubt Volcano in south-central Alaska began erupting on March 15, 2009, and by April 4, 2009, had produced at least 20 explosive events that generated multiple plumes of ash and numerous lahars. The 3108-m-high, snow- and ice-clad stratovolcano has an ice-filled summit crater that is breached to the north. The volcano supports about 4 km(3) of ice and snow and about 1 km(3) of this makes up the Drift glacier on the north side of the volcano. Explosive eruptions between March 23 and April 4, which included the destruction of at least two lava domes, triggered significant lahars in the Drift River valley on March 23 and April 4, and several smaller lahars between March 24 and March 31. Mud-line high-water marks, character of deposits, areas of inundation, and estimates of flow velocity revealed that the lahars on March 23 and April 4 were the largest of the eruption. In the 2-km-wide upper Drift River valley, average flow depths were at least 2-5 m. Average peak-flow velocities were likely between 10 and 15 ms(-1), and peak discharges were on the order of 10(4)-10(5) m(3) s(-1). The area inundated by lahars on March 23 was at least 100 km(2) and on April 4 about 125 km(2). Two substantial lahars emplaced on March 23 and one on April 4 had volumes on the order of 10(7)-10(8) m(3) and were similar in size to the largest lahar of the 1989-90 eruption. The two principal March 23 lahars were primarily flowing slurries of snow and ice derived from Drift glacier and the Drift River valley where seasonal snow and tabular blocks of river ice were entrained and incorporated into the lahars. Despite morphologic evidence of two lahars, only a single deposit up to 5 m thick was found in most places and it contained about 80-95% of poorly sorted, massive to imbricate assemblages of snow and ice clasts. The deposit was frozen soon after it was emplaced and later eroded and buried by the April 4 lahar. The lahar of April 4, in contrast, was primarily a hyperconcentrated flow, as interpreted from 1- to 6-m-thick deposits of massive to horizontally stratified sand to fine gravel. Rock material in the April 4 lahar deposit is predominantly juvenile andesite, whereas rock material in the March 23 deposit is rare and not obviously juvenile. We infer that the lahars generated on March 23 were initiated by a rapid succession of vent-clearing explosions that blasted through about 50-100 m of crater-filling glacier ice and snow, producing a voluminous release of meltwater from Drift glacier. The resulting surge of water entrained snow, fragments of glacier and river ice, and river water along its flow path. Small-volume pyroclastic flows, possibly associated with destruction of a small dome or minor eruption-column collapses, may have contributed additional meltwater to the March 23 lahars. Meltwater generated by subglacial hydrothermal activity and stored beneath Drift glacier may have been ejected or released rapidly as well. The April 4 lahar was initiated when hot dome-collapse pyroclastic flows entrained and swiftly melted snow and ice on Drift glacier. The resulting meltwater incorporated pyroclastic debris and rock material from Drift glacier to form the largest lahar of the 2009 eruption. The peak discharge of the April 4 lahar was in the range of 60,000-160,000 m(3) s(-1). For comparison, the largest lahar of the 1989-90 eruption had a peak discharge of about 80,000 m(3) s(-1).
Lahars generated by the 2009 eruption led to significant channel aggradation in the lower Drift River valley and caused extensive inundation at an oil storage and transfer facility located there. The April 4, 2009, lahar was 6-30 times larger than the largest meteorological floods known or estimated in the Drift River drainage. (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Waythomas, Christopher F.] USGS, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Pierson, Thomas C.; Major, Jon J.; Scott, William E.] USGS, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Waythomas, CF (reprint author), USGS, Alaska Volcano Observ, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM chris@usgs.gov
OI Major, Jon/0000-0003-2449-4466
NR 44
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 259
SI SI
BP 389
EP 413
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.05.012
PG 25
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 195FU
UT WOS:000322688500027
ER
PT J
AU Green, AJ
Frisch, D
Michot, TC
Allain, LK
Barrow, WC
AF Green, Andy J.
Frisch, Dagmar
Michot, Thomas C.
Allain, Larry K.
Barrow, Wylie C.
TI Endozoochory of seeds and invertebrates by migratory waterbirds in
Oklahoma, USA
SO LIMNETICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Dispersal ability; Endozoochory; Bryozoa; Plumatella; Charadrius
vociferus; Anas carolinensis; Ostracoda; Cyperaceae
ID LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL; AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES; CAPTIVE KILLDEER; DUCK
GUTS; WATERFOWL; ORGANISMS; VIABILITY; TRANSPORT; SPAIN; EGGS
AB Given their abundance and migratory behavior, waterbirds have major potential for dispersing plants and invertebrates within North America, yet their role as vectors remains poorly understood. We investigated the numbers and types of invertebrates and seeds within freshly collected faecal samples (n = 22) of migratory dabbling ducks and shorebirds in November 2008 in two parts of Lake Texoma in southern Oklahoma. Killdeer Charadrius vociferus were transporting a higher number and diversity of both plants and invertebrates than the green-winged teal Anas carolinensis. Ten plant taxa and six invertebrate taxa were identified to at least genus level, although viability was not confirmed for most of these taxa. Bryozoan statoblasts (from four species not previously recorded from Oklahoma) were especially abundant in killdeer faeces, while the ostracod Candona simpsoni was detected as a live adult in torpor in the teal faeces. Cyperaceae and Juncaceae were the most abundant plant families represented and Cyperus strigosus seeds germinated after extraction from killdeer faeces. This snapshot study underlines the importance of waterbirds as vectors of passive dispersal of many organisms and the need for more research in this discipline.
C1 [Green, Andy J.] Estn Biol Donana EBD CSIC, Dept Wetland Ecol, Seville 41092, Spain.
[Frisch, Dagmar] Univ Oklahoma, Biol Stn, Kingston, OK 73439 USA.
[Michot, Thomas C.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Inst Coastal Ecol & Engn, Lafayette, LA USA.
[Allain, Larry K.; Barrow, Wylie C.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA USA.
RP Green, AJ (reprint author), Estn Biol Donana EBD CSIC, Dept Wetland Ecol, Avda Americo Vespucio S-N, Seville 41092, Spain.
EM ajgreen@ebd.csic.es
RI Green, Andy/A-5189-2008; Frisch, Dagmar/F-6363-2012; CSIC, EBD
Donana/C-4157-2011
OI Green, Andy/0000-0002-1268-4951; CSIC, EBD Donana/0000-0003-4318-6602
FU University of Oklahoma Biological Station
FX Timothy Wood at Wright State University kindly identified the Plumatella
statoblasts. John Havel at Missouri State University kindly identified
ostracods and commented on an earlier version of this manuscript. Tom
Pesacreta, University of Louisiana at Lafayette provided essential help
to take the images of the seeds. Larry Weider and the University of
Oklahoma Biological Station provided travel funds to the first author.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 39
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U1 2
U2 15
PU ASOC ESPAN LIMNOL-MISLATA
PI MISLATA (VALENCIA)
PA C/ LOS ANGELES, 33, MISLATA (VALENCIA), SPAIN
SN 0213-8409
EI 1989-1806
J9 LIMNETICA
JI Limnetica
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 1
BP 39
EP 46
PG 8
WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 198LV
UT WOS:000322925300005
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, L
Hollingsworth, T
McFarland, J
Ruess, R
Timling, I
Walker, D
AF Taylor, L.
Hollingsworth, T.
McFarland, J.
Ruess, R.
Timling, I.
Walker, D.
TI Aboveground-belowground linkages: Extrapolating local to global fungal
biodiversity
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT APS-MSA Joint Meeting
CY AUG 10-14, 2013
CL Austin, TX
SP APS, MSA
C1 [Taylor, L.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Hollingsworth, T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Boreal Ecol Cooperat Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[McFarland, J.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Ruess, R.; Timling, I.; Walker, D.] Univ Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 6
SU 2
BP 182
EP 182
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 196TM
UT WOS:000322799501064
ER
PT J
AU Cedillo, IM
Carmona, R
Ward, DH
Danemann, GD
AF Martinez Cedillo, Israel
Carmona, Roberto
Ward, David H.
Danemann, Gustavo D.
TI Habitat use patterns of the Black Brant Branta bernicla nigricans
(Anseriformes: Anatidae) in natural and artificial areas of Guerrero
Negro, Baja California Sur, Mexico
SO REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL
LA Spanish
DT Article
DE Guerrero Negro lagoon; Brant; feeding; age groups; winter; tides
ID BRENT GEESE; EELGRASS ABUNDANCE; ZOSTERA-MARINA; NORTH PACIFIC;
EXPLOITATION; DYNAMICS; FOOD; BAY
AB The Black Brant is a common inhabitant of the Western Artic American tundra, which migrates to Southern Pacific coasts during the winter season. Approximately, 31 000 birds (31%) constitute the Mexican population of Brants at Guerrero Negro, Ojo de Liebre, and Exportadora de Sal lagoon complex; nevertheless, there is little information about the distribution patterns and zone usage. At Guerrero Negro Lagoon (GNL), Ojo de Liebre Lagoon (OLL, both natural sites), and at Exportadora de Sal (ESSA, artificial site) we determined by monthly censuses (from November 2006 to April 2007, 08:00-16:00h) and observed: (1) season and site effects on population structure (age groups), and (2) the tide level relationship with the abundance and proportion of feeding birds. Within a total of 150 observation hours and 98 birds, our results showed a general 0.68 proportion of adults, that was higher in winter than in spring. The statistics analysis showed no effects by site on the proportion of feeding birds, but we observed a temporal decrease at ESSA and at GNL. In contrast the proportion of feeding birds at OLL was constant. We observed an increase in the juveniles between winter and spring. This increase is related with the differential migration, which mentions that the juveniles are the last to leave the wintering area. In winter the relations of the tide level with the abundance of Brant were: direct at ESSA, inverse at OLL and no relation found at GNL. In spring, no relation was observed in the sites. The proportion of Brants feeding at OLL (the site with the higher abundance) was independent of the tide level. This is related with two possible behaviors of the geese: (1) they can move through the lagoon and take advantage of the tidal lag, which is up to four hours; and (2) they can modify their feeding strategies, more on floating eelgrass (Zostera marina).
C1 [Martinez Cedillo, Israel; Carmona, Roberto] Univ Autonoma Baja Calif Sur, Dept Biol Marina, La Paz 23080, Baja Calif Sur, Mexico.
[Ward, David H.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Cedillo, IM (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Baja Calif Sur, Dept Biol Marina, Apartado Postal 19-B, La Paz 23080, Baja Calif Sur, Mexico.
EM imartinez@uabcs.mx; beauty@uabcs.mx; dward@usgs.gov;
gdanemann@pronatura-noroeste.org
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 14
PU REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL
PI SAN JOSE
PA UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA, SAN JOSE, 00000, COSTA
RICA
SN 0034-7744
J9 REV BIOL TROP
JI Rev. Biol. Trop.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 61
IS 2
BP 927
EP 935
PG 9
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 192RZ
UT WOS:000322504300034
PM 23885600
ER
PT J
AU Ward, AS
Payn, RA
Gooseff, MN
McGlynn, BL
Bencala, KE
Kelleher, CA
Wondzell, SM
Wagener, T
AF Ward, Adam S.
Payn, Robert A.
Gooseff, Michael N.
McGlynn, Brian L.
Bencala, Kenneth E.
Kelleher, Christa A.
Wondzell, Steven M.
Wagener, Thorsten
TI Variations in surface water-ground water interactions along a headwater
mountain stream: Comparisons between transient storage and water balance
analyses
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE solute transport; stream flow; modeling; transient storage; hyporheic
ID LONGITUDINAL SOLUTE TRANSPORT; MASS-TRANSFER; FLOW-RATES; EXCHANGE;
TRACER; PARAMETERS; MODEL; ZONE; MORPHOLOGY; RETENTION
AB The accumulation of discharge along a stream valley is frequently assumed to be the primary control on solute transport processes. Relationships of both increasing and decreasing transient storage, and decreased gross losses of stream water have been reported with increasing discharge; however, we have yet to validate these relationships with extensive field study. We conducted transient storage and mass recovery analyses of artificial tracer studies completed for 28 contiguous 100 m reaches along a stream valley, repeated under four base-flow conditions. We calculated net and gross gains and losses, temporal moments of tracer breakthrough curves, and best fit transient storage model parameters (with uncertainty estimates) for 106 individual tracer injections. Results supported predictions that gross loss of channel water would decrease with increased discharge. However, results showed no clear relationship between discharge and transient storage, and further analysis of solute tracer methods demonstrated that the lack of this relation may be explained by uncertainty and equifinality in the transient storage model framework. Furthermore, comparison of water balance and transient storage approaches reveals complications in clear interpretation of either method due to changes in advective transport time, which sets a the temporal boundary separating transient storage and channel water balance. We have little ability to parse this limitation of solute tracer methods from the physical processes we seek to study. We suggest the combined analysis of both transient storage and channel water balance more completely characterizes transport of solutes in stream networks than can be inferred from either method alone.
C1 [Ward, Adam S.] Univ Iowa, Dept Geosci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Payn, Robert A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Gooseff, Michael N.; Kelleher, Christa A.; Wagener, Thorsten] Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[McGlynn, Brian L.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Div Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Bencala, Kenneth E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Wondzell, Steven M.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Wagener, Thorsten] Univ Bristol, Dept Civil Engn, Bristol, Avon, England.
RP Ward, AS (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Geosci, 36 Trowbridge Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM adam-ward@uiowa.edu
RI McGlynn, Brian/A-2509-2008; Ward, Adam/H-7668-2012; Wagener,
Thorsten/C-2062-2008; Gooseff, Michael/N-6087-2015
OI McGlynn, Brian/0000-0001-5266-4894; Ward, Adam/0000-0002-6376-0061;
Wagener, Thorsten/0000-0003-3881-5849; Gooseff,
Michael/0000-0003-4322-8315
FU National Science Foundation's Hydrologic Sciences program [EAR-0911435]
FX We thank the personnel at the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain
Research Station, Tenderfoot Creek Experimental Forest for their
support. This material is based upon work supported by the National
Science Foundation's Hydrologic Sciences program, under grant no.
EAR-0911435. Any opinions, findings, and conclusion or recommendations
expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, U. S.
Geological Survey, or U. S. Forest Service. Our thanks to Judson Harvey,
two anonymous reviewers, and the Associate Editor, all of whom provided
comments that improved the quality of this manuscript and furthered our
thinking on the subject.
NR 53
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Z9 26
U1 2
U2 44
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 6
BP 3359
EP 3374
DI 10.1002/wrcr.20148
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 189BF
UT WOS:000322241300020
ER
PT J
AU Naranjo, RC
Pohll, G
Niswonger, RG
Stone, M
Mckay, A
AF Naranjo, Ramon C.
Pohll, Greg
Niswonger, Richard G.
Stone, Mark
Mckay, Alan
TI Using heat as a tracer to estimate spatially distributed mean residence
times in the hyporheic zone of a riffle-pool sequence
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE residence time; uncertainty; hyporheic zone; heat as a tracer
ID GROUNDWATER AGE DISTRIBUTIONS; GLUE METHODOLOGY; UNCERTAINTY ASSESSMENT;
MODEL CALIBRATION; DIRECT SIMULATION; WATER EXCHANGE; FLOW MODEL; BED
FORMS; STREAM; AQUIFER
AB Biochemical reactions that occur in the hyporheic zone are highly dependent on the time solutes that are in contact with sediments of the riverbed. In this investigation, we developed a 2-D longitudinal flow and solute-transport model to estimate the spatial distribution of mean residence time in the hyporheic zone. The flow model was calibrated using observations of temperature and pressure, and the mean residence times were simulated using the age-mass approach for steady-state flow conditions. The approach used in this investigation includes the mixing of different ages and flow paths of water through advection and dispersion. Uncertainty of flow and transport parameters was evaluated using standard Monte Carlo and the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation method. Results of parameter estimation support the presence of a low-permeable zone in the riffle area that induced horizontal flow at a shallow depth within the riffle area. This establishes shallow and localized flow paths and limits deep vertical exchange. For the optimal model, mean residence times were found to be relatively long (9-40.0 days). The uncertainty of hydraulic conductivity resulted in a mean interquartile range (IQR) of 13 days across all piezometers and was reduced by 24% with the inclusion of temperature and pressure observations. To a lesser extent, uncertainty in streambed porosity and dispersivity resulted in a mean IQR of 2.2 and 4.7 days, respectively. Alternative conceptual models demonstrate the importance of accounting for the spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity in simulating mean residence times in a riffle-pool sequence.
C1 [Naranjo, Ramon C.; Pohll, Greg; Mckay, Alan] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Div Hydrol Sci, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
[Naranjo, Ramon C.; Niswonger, Richard G.] US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
[Stone, Mark] Univ New Mexico, Dept Civil Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Div Earth & Ecosyst Sci, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
RP Naranjo, RC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2730 N Deer Run Rd, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
EM rnaranjo@usgs.gov
FU U.S. EPA Landscape Ecology Branch, Las Vegas; U.S. Geological Survey's
(USGS) Groundwater Resources Program through Office of Groundwater
FX Support for the first author was provided by the U.S. EPA Landscape
Ecology Branch, Las Vegas. Support for the third author was provided by
the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Groundwater Resources Program
through the Office of Groundwater. The authors are thankful for the
technical reviews by Daniel Goode, David Prudic, Bethany Neilson, Ted
Endreny, Audrey Sawyer, and one anonymous reviewer who provided valuable
comments on this manuscript.
NR 69
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U1 2
U2 29
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 6
BP 3697
EP 3711
DI 10.1002/wrcr.20306
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 189BF
UT WOS:000322241300044
ER
PT J
AU Sorlien, CC
Seeber, L
Broderick, KG
Luyendyk, BP
Fisher, MA
Sliter, RW
Normark, WR
AF Sorlien, Christopher C.
Seeber, Leonardo
Broderick, Kris G.
Luyendyk, Bruce P.
Fisher, Michael A.
Sliter, Ray W.
Normark, William R.
TI The Palos Verdes anticlinorium along the Los Angeles, California coast:
Implications for underlying thrust faulting
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Palos Verdes anticlinorium; Basin inversion; fault reactivation;
fault-related folding; subsidence; vertical motions
ID WESTERN TRANSVERSE RANGES; OFFSHORE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; UPPER-CRUSTAL
STRUCTURE; CONTINENTAL BORDERLAND; SANTA-MONICA; NORTH-AMERICA; NEOGENE
DEFORMATION; EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; VENTURA BASIN
AB The Palos Verdes anticlinorium (PVA) is a 70 km-wide, NW-trending Pliocene-Quaternary transpressional high that separates the onshore Los Angeles basin from the offshore San Pedro basin. The PVA southwest limb underlies a 70 km-long SW facing seafloor escarpment. This escarpment is separated into two segments by a 6 km right step. It overlies two levels of NE dipping low-angle thrust faults. These faults project beneath Los Angeles toward known SW verging blind thrust faults and may be the same regional faults. These conclusions are based on a detailed geometric representation constructed from a regional analysis of 5000 km of multichannel seismic reflection profiles, logs, and paleontology from 19 wells, published seafloor geology, and multibeam bathymetric data. Patterns of sedimentation and erosion indicate that folding of PVA initiated during Pliocene time and propagated southward, with folding of part of the southern PVA occurring during the Quaternary. Structural relief continues to grow with regional long-term rock uplift of the PVA crest and ongoing subsidence in the adjacent basins. The low-angle NE-dipping faults beneath the PVA must be late Quaternary active in order to maintain hanging wall rock uplift above subsiding footwalls. Structural geometry requires that the underlying faults have slipped at 1.1-1.6 mm/yr over Quaternary time.
C1 [Sorlien, Christopher C.; Luyendyk, Bruce P.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Seeber, Leonardo] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
[Fisher, Michael A.; Sliter, Ray W.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Sorlien, CC (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM sorlien@eri.ucsb.edu
RI bebarta, vikhyat/K-3476-2015
FU Southern California Earthquake Center; NSF Cooperative Agreement
[EAR-0106924]; USGS Cooperative Agreement [02HQAG0008]; USGS-NEHRP;
USDI/USGS [03HQGR0048]; USGS-NEHRP [G12AP20069]
FX This research was supported by the Southern California Earthquake
Center; SCEC contribution number 1192. SCEC was previously funded by NSF
Cooperative Agreement EAR-0106924 and USGS Cooperative Agreement
02HQAG0008. The work in Santa Monica Bay was earlier supported by
USGS-NEHRP, USDI/USGS 03HQGR0048. Multiple major revisions including
additional interpretation were done while funded to work on an adjoining
area by USGS-NEHRP G12AP20069. We gratefully acknowledge the support of
Paradigm for the discounted use of Gocad and Seismic Micro Technology
(now IHS) for the donation of The Kingdom Suite Software. Frank Victor
of U.S. Minerals Management Service (now BOEM) provided
publicly-released well data and MMS paleontology.
NR 96
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 6
BP 1866
EP 1890
DI 10.1002/ggge.20112
PG 25
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 185IC
UT WOS:000321960000013
ER
PT J
AU McCrory, PA
Wilson, DS
AF McCrory, Patricia A.
Wilson, Douglas S.
TI A kinematic model for the formation of the Siletz-Crescent forearc
terrane by capture of coherent fragments of the Farallon and
Resurrection plates
SO TECTONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE plate kinematics; forearc terranes; Resurrection plate
ID OREGON COAST RANGE; SOUTHERN VANCOUVER-ISLAND; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE
BENEATH; CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; SLAB WINDOW
MAGMATISM; SNAKE RIVER PLAIN; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; TECTONIC ROTATION;
SPREADING CENTER
AB The volcanic basement of the Oregon and Washington Coast ranges has been proposed to represent a pair of tracks of the Yellowstone hotspot formed at a mid-ocean ridge during the early Cenozoic. This interpretation has been questioned on many grounds, especially that the range of ages does not match the offshore spreading rates and that the presence of continental coarse clastic sediments is difficult to reconcile with fast convergence rates between the oceanic plates and North America. Updates to basement geochronology and plate motion history reveal that these objections are much less serious than when they were first raised. Forward plate kinematic modeling reveals that predicted basement ages can be consistent with the observed range of about 55-49Ma, and that the entire basement terrane can form within about 300km of continental sources for clastic sediments. This kinematic model indicates that there is no firm reason to reject the near-ridge hotspot hypothesis on the basis of plate motions. A novel element of the model is the Resurrection plate, previously proposed to exist between the Farallon and Kula plates. By including the defunct Resurrection plate in our reconstruction, we are able to model the Farallon hotspot track as docking against the Oregon subduction margin starting about 53Ma, followed by docking of the Resurrection track to the north starting about 48Ma. Accretion of the Farallon plate fragment and partial subduction of the Resurrection fragment complicates the three-dimensional structure of the modern Cascadia forearc. We interpret the so-called E layer beneath Vancouver Island to be part of the Resurrection fragment. Our new kinematic model of mobile terranes within the Paleogene North American plate boundary allows reinterpretation of the three-dimensional structure of the Cascadia forearc and its relationship to ongoing seismotectonic processes.
C1 [McCrory, Patricia A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Wilson, Douglas S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Earth Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP McCrory, PA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM pmccrory@usgs.gov
NR 108
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Z9 19
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0278-7407
J9 TECTONICS
JI Tectonics
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 3
BP 718
EP 736
DI 10.1002/tect.20045
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 187MX
UT WOS:000322124300023
ER
PT J
AU Frost, CJ
Hollmen, TE
Reynolds, JH
AF Frost, Charles J.
Hollmen, Tuula E.
Reynolds, Joel H.
TI Trends in Annual Survival of Steller's Eiders Molting at Izembek Lagoon
on the Alaska Peninsula, 1993-2006
SO ARCTIC
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; mark-recapture; Polysticta stelleri; Pradel; Steller's Eider;
survival
ID POPULATION-GROWTH RATE; YUKON-KUSKOKWIM DELTA; BERING-SEA;
POLYSTICTA-STELLERI; MARK-RECAPTURE; REGIME; SHIFT; RECRUITMENT;
ECOSYSTEM; PACIFIC
AB Izembek Lagoon, located on the Alaska Peninsula, is an important molting area for the Pacific population of Steller's Eiders (Polysticta stelleri) and was the site of consistent banding effort during 1993-2006. We used Pradel mark-recapture models to estimate annual survival and population growth rates for adult Steller's Eiders molting at Izembek Lagoon. We designed 32 models that included effects of sex and year on survival, recapture rate, and seniority, as well as potential trends in survival and seniority. The top model incorporated a two-phase trend (1993-98, 1999-2003) in survival and seniority for each sex and fully sex- and year-specific recapture rates. Average annual adult survival was estimated at 0.86 (SE = 0.030) for females and 0.87 (SE = 0.018) for males. Average annual population growth rates since 1998 were estimated to be approximately 1.0 for both sexes. A brief warming event in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (1997-98) coincided with the lowest estimates of annual survival, while a subsequent return to cooler conditions in the Bering Sea coincided with the highest estimates and an increasing trend in annual survival.
C1 [Frost, Charles J.; Hollmen, Tuula E.] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
[Hollmen, Tuula E.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
[Reynolds, Joel H.] Western Alaska Landscape Conservat Cooperat, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Frost, CJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 300 Westgate Ctr Dr, Hadley, MA 01035 USA.
EM charlesf@alaskasealife.org
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Bureau of Land Management
FX We thank Paul Flint, Chris Dau, and Margaret Petersen for their input on
this analysis and previous analyses and Abran Steele-Feldman for work on
the database. We also thank Barry Grand and Jim Nichols for their input
and advice on the analyses. Funding was provided by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service and the Bureau of Land Management. The findings and
conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 29
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U1 2
U2 16
PU ARCTIC INST N AMER
PI CALGARY
PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER,
CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA
SN 0004-0843
J9 ARCTIC
JI Arctic
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 2
BP 173
EP 178
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 173PS
UT WOS:000321092000005
ER
PT J
AU Durner, GM
Simac, K
Amstrup, SC
AF Durner, George M.
Simac, Kristin
Amstrup, Steven C.
TI Mapping Polar Bear Maternal Denning Habitat in the National Petroleum
Reserve - Alaska with an IfSAR Digital Terrain Model
SO ARCTIC
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic Coastal Plain; denning habitat; digital terrain model; DTM;
IfSAR; maternal den; National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska; NPR-A; polar
bear; Ursus maritimus
ID ARCTIC COASTAL-PLAIN; WESTERN HUDSON-BAY; NORTHERN ALASKA; DEN HABITAT;
RESOLUTION; SELECTION; BEAUFORT; EROSION; IMAGERY; SEA
AB The National Petroleum Reserve Alaska (NPR-A) in northeastern Alaska provides winter maternal denning habitat for polar bears (Ursus maritimus) and also has high potential for recoverable hydrocarbons. Denning polar bears exposed to human activities may abandon their dens before their young are able to survive the severity of Arctic winter weather. To ensure that wintertime petroleum activities do not threaten polar bears, managers need to know the distribution of landscape features in which maternal dens are likely to occur. Here, we present a map of potential denning habitat within the NPR-A. We used a fine-grain digital elevation model derived from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IfSAR) to generate a map of putative denning habitat. We then tested the map's ability to identify polar bear denning habitat on the landscape. Our final map correctly identified 82% of denning habitat-estimated to be within the NPR-A. Mapped denning habitat comprised 19.7 km(2) (0.1% of the study area) and was widely dispersed. Though mapping denning habitat with IfSAR data was as effective as mapping with the photogrammetric methods used for other regions of the Alaskan Arctic coastal plain, the use of GIS to analyze IfSAR data allowed greater objectivity and flexibility with less manual labor. Analytical advantages and performance equivalent to that of manual cartographic methods suggest that the use of IfSAR data to identify polar bear maternal denning habitat is a better management tool in the NPR-A and wherever such data may be available.
C1 [Durner, George M.; Simac, Kristin; Amstrup, Steven C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99502 USA.
RP Durner, GM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99502 USA.
EM gdurner@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Alaska Science Center; U.S. Bureau of Land
Management; National Science Foundation; U.S. Geological Survey Climate
and Land Use Change Research and Development-Program
FX Principal funding for IfSAR data acquisition and fieldwork was provided
by the U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, and the U.S.
Bureau of Land Management. Additional funding for IfSAR data was
provided by the National Science Foundation. The U.S. Geological Survey
Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development-Program provided
funding for some of the radio collar data used to identify polar bear
den sites. The instrumentation of polar bears with radio collars was
permitted under the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act and the U.S.
Endangered Species Act by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service permit MA
690038 and by the U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center
Institutional Care and Use Committee (assurance no. 2010-3). We thank
Anthony Fischbach for assistance in the field. The following individuals
provided constructive suggestions on earlier versions of this report:
Todd Atwood, Martyn Obbard, Karen Oakley, David Yokel, and two anonymous
reviewers. Use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 38
PU ARCTIC INST N AMER
PI CALGARY
PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER,
CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA
SN 0004-0843
J9 ARCTIC
JI Arctic
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 2
BP 197
EP 206
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 173PS
UT WOS:000321092000008
ER
PT J
AU Hatzinger, PB
Bohlke, JK
Sturchio, NC
AF Hatzinger, Paul B.
Boehlke, J. K.
Sturchio, Neil C.
TI Application of stable isotope ratio analysis for biodegradation
monitoring in groundwater
SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID IN-SITU BIODEGRADATION; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE; BENZENE BIODEGRADATION; NATURAL
ATTENUATION; REACTION-MECHANISMS; SULFATE REDUCTION; FRACTIONATION;
CARBON; TRANSPORT; NITRATE
AB Stable isotope ratio analysis is increasingly being applied as a tool to detect, understand, and quantify biodegradation of organic and inorganic contaminants in groundwater. An important feature of this approach is that it allows degradative losses of contaminants to be distinguished from those caused by non-destructive processes such as dilution, dispersion, and sorption. Recent advances in analytical techniques, and new approaches for interpreting stable isotope data, have expanded the utility of this method while also exposing complications and ambiguities that must be considered in data interpretations. Isotopic analyses of multiple elements in a compound, and multiple compounds in the environment, are being used to distinguish biodegradative pathways by their characteristic isotope effects. Numerical models of contaminant transport, degradation pathways, and isotopic composition are improving quantitative estimates of in situ contaminant degradation rates under realistic environmental conditions.
C1 [Hatzinger, Paul B.] Shaw Environm Inc, Biotechnol Dev & Applicat Grp, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA.
[Boehlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Sturchio, Neil C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
RP Hatzinger, PB (reprint author), Shaw Environm Inc, Biotechnol Dev & Applicat Grp, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA.
EM paul.hatzinger@shawgrp.com
NR 63
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 6
U2 88
PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0958-1669
J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH
JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 3
BP 542
EP 549
DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.11.010
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 170DG
UT WOS:000320829500024
PM 23279929
ER
PT J
AU Butler, MJ
Harris, G
Strobel, BN
AF Butler, Matthew J.
Harris, Grant
Strobel, Bradley N.
TI Influence of whooping crane population dynamics on its recovery and
management
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Allee effect; Drought; Intervention; Mortality events; Periodicity;
Supplemental feeding
ID GRUS-AMERICANA; TIME-SERIES; ABUNDANCE; TEXAS
AB Wildlife populations experience periods of negative growth of varying magnitudes and duration. Understanding these dynamics and a population's sensitivity to them informs conservation planning, policy decisions, recovery criteria and management triggers, especially when management actions are expensive or risky. Therefore, to inform management and conservation of the only wild, migratory population of endangered whooping cranes (Grus americana), we modeled its 73-year time-series of abundances and simulated future growth using Monte Carlo forecasting. We estimated the probability of the population reaching downlisting criteria. We used Monte Carlo simulation to examine this population's sensitivity to periods of negative growth (i.e., annual growth rate (r) = -0.025, -0.050, -0.100, or -0.150 for 1-3 consecutive years). We found this population exhibiting periodic declines on a 10-year cycle. We show it is unlikely to go extinct assuming conditions remain similar to the past. Our forecasts suggested the population will contain >400 birds by 2025. We found >= 3 consecutive years of r <= -0.1 or >= 2 consecutive years of r <= -0.15 must occur to significantly reduce abundance from the current trajectory and delay recovery. Favorably, the probability of reaching 400 birds by 2040 was 0.892 for the worst scenario. Such a scenario has only occurred once in 73 years of monitoring. Our simulations provide managers and policy makers information for evaluating recovery timelines, while forecasts aid setting habitat conservation targets. By describing how the population responds to periods of negative growth (natural or manmade), we identify management triggers, while informing monitoring frequency. Furthermore, our analyses pro: vide a framework for moving discussions away from short-term, reactive decisions such as supplemental feeding, aquaculture, or small-scale freshwater provisioning, to long-term conservation approaches. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Butler, Matthew J.; Harris, Grant] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Biol Serv, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA.
[Strobel, Bradley N.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aransas Natl Wildlife Refuge, Austwell, TX 77950 USA.
RP Butler, MJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Biol Serv, POB 1306, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA.
EM matthew_butler@fws.gov; grant_harris@fws.gov; brad_strobel@fws.gov
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service
FX The US Fish and Wildlife Service provided financial support for this
work. The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and
Wildlife Service. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 63
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 10
U2 63
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 162
BP 89
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.04.003
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 174OT
UT WOS:000321166000011
ER
PT J
AU McLoughlin, IH
Chirico, PG
AF McLoughlin, Isabel H.
Chirico, Peter G.
TI Geospatial and Statistical Modeling of Artisanal Mining Populations in
Kenieba, Mali
SO JOURNAL OF MAPS
LA English
DT Article
DE geospatial; statistical; modeling; West Africa; Mali
AB Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) has been both a formal and an informal part of many developing economies for decades. It is estimated that 13 to 20 million people are involved in artisanal mining globally. While it has been a prevalent part of poverty alleviation strategies worldwide, the people involved in ASM are a largely understudied population. This study uses a combination of remotely sensed data and fieldwork questionnaires, compiled and analyzed in a GIS, to model the spatial demographics of the ASM population in Kenieba, Mali. This paper and map discusses and illustrates the regional population of Kenieba, the number of miners per mine and the spatial-temporal movement patterns and proximity to mine sites. The Kenieba study area is located in western Mali along the Senegalese and Guinean borders. At most sites both gold and diamonds are being mined, as the mining of gold is a more profitable activitiy in this region than diamond mining. The map features three, 3-D figures representing land cover topography and population with the results of a path-distance analysis that display the time it would take an artisanal miner on foot to traverse the terrain of the study area. Due to the 3-D, oblique orientation of the map the scale varies throughout the figures.
C1 [McLoughlin, Isabel H.; Chirico, Peter G.] US Geol Survey, MS Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP McLoughlin, IH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS Natl Ctr 926A, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM isabel.mcloughlin@gmail.com
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 19
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1744-5647
J9 J MAPS
JI J. Maps
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 9
IS 2
BP 183
EP 188
DI 10.1080/17445647.2013.809325
PG 6
WC Geography; Geography, Physical
SC Geography; Physical Geography
GA 176MM
UT WOS:000321308800006
ER
PT J
AU Dunne, JA
Lafferty, KD
Dobson, AP
Hechinger, RF
Kuris, AM
Martinez, ND
McLaughlin, JP
Mouritsen, KN
Poulin, R
Reise, K
Stouffer, DB
Thieltges, DW
Williams, RJ
Zander, CD
AF Dunne, Jennifer A.
Lafferty, Kevin D.
Dobson, Andrew P.
Hechinger, Ryan F.
Kuris, Armand M.
Martinez, Neo D.
McLaughlin, John P.
Mouritsen, Kim N.
Poulin, Robert
Reise, Karsten
Stouffer, Daniel B.
Thieltges, David W.
Williams, Richard J.
Zander, Claus Dieter
TI Parasites Affect Food Web Structure Primarily through Increased
Diversity and Complexity
SO PLOS BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BODY-SIZE RELATIONSHIPS; ECOLOGICAL NETWORKS; INTRAGUILD PREDATION;
BIODIVERSITY LOSS; LIFE-CYCLES; NICHE MODEL; STABILITY; ROBUSTNESS;
PATTERNS; EXTINCTION
AB Comparative research on food web structure has revealed generalities in trophic organization, produced simple models, and allowed assessment of robustness to species loss. These studies have mostly focused on free-living species. Recent research has suggested that inclusion of parasites alters structure. We assess whether such changes in network structure result from unique roles and traits of parasites or from changes to diversity and complexity. We analyzed seven highly resolved food webs that include metazoan parasite data. Our analyses show that adding parasites usually increases link density and connectance (simple measures of complexity), particularly when including concomitant links (links from predators to parasites of their prey). However, we clarify prior claims that parasites "dominate" food web links. Although parasites can be involved in a majority of links, in most cases classic predation links outnumber classic parasitism links. Regarding network structure, observed changes in degree distributions, 14 commonly studied metrics, and link probabilities are consistent with scale-dependent changes in structure associated with changes in diversity and complexity. Parasite and free-living species thus have similar effects on these aspects of structure. However, two changes point to unique roles of parasites. First, adding parasites and concomitant links strongly alters the frequency of most motifs of interactions among three taxa, reflecting parasites' roles as resources for predators of their hosts, driven by trophic intimacy with their hosts. Second, compared to free-living consumers, many parasites' feeding niches appear broader and less contiguous, which may reflect complex life cycles and small body sizes. This study provides new insights about generic versus unique impacts of parasites on food web structure, extends the generality of food web theory, gives a more rigorous framework for assessing the impact of any species on trophic organization, identifies limitations of current food web models, and provides direction for future structural and dynamical models.
C1 [Dunne, Jennifer A.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA.
[Dunne, Jennifer A.; Martinez, Neo D.] Pacific Ecoinformat & Computat Ecol Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Western Ecol Res Ctr, US Geol Survey, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Dobson, Andrew P.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Hechinger, Ryan F.; Kuris, Armand M.; McLaughlin, John P.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Mouritsen, Kim N.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Aarhus, Denmark.
[Poulin, Robert] Univ Otago, Dept Zool, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[Reise, Karsten] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, List Auf Sylt, Germany.
[Stouffer, Daniel B.] Estn Biol Donana, Integrat Ecol Grp, E-41013 Seville, Spain.
[Thieltges, David W.] Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Den Burg, Netherlands.
[Williams, Richard J.] Microsoft Res, Cambridge, England.
[Zander, Claus Dieter] Univ Hamburg, Biozentrum Grindel, Hamburg, Germany.
[Zander, Claus Dieter] Univ Hamburg, Zool Museum, Hamburg, Germany.
RP Dunne, JA (reprint author), Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA.
EM jdunne@santafe.edu
RI Mouritsen, Kim/K-6569-2013; Stouffer, Daniel/C-2223-2008; Martinez,
Neo/A-5312-2008; Williams, Richard/B-8344-2011; Mouritsen, Kim
/N-3934-2014; Poulin, Robert/C-3117-2008; Thieltges, David
W./E-5719-2015; Lafferty, Kevin/B-3888-2009; CSIC, EBD
Donana/C-4157-2011
OI Stouffer, Daniel/0000-0001-9436-9674; Martinez, Neo/0000-0002-1130-5550;
Williams, Richard/0000-0001-8847-3213; Poulin,
Robert/0000-0003-1390-1206; Lafferty, Kevin/0000-0001-7583-4593; CSIC,
EBD Donana/0000-0003-4318-6602
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; NSF
[DEB-0554768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of
California; NSF Division of Biological Infrastructure [DBI-0850373]; NSF
Ecology of Infectious Diseases grant [OCE-1115965]
FX This work was supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis
and Synthesis, a Center funded by NSF (DEB-0554768), the University of
California, Santa Barbara, and the State of California. The NSF Division
of Biological Infrastructure (DBI-0850373 to JAD, NDM, and RJW)
supported aspects of this research. KDL, RFH, AMK, and JPM benefited
from a NSF Ecology of Infectious Diseases grant (OCE-1115965). The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 97
TC 52
Z9 54
U1 10
U2 164
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1545-7885
J9 PLOS BIOL
JI PLoS. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 6
AR e1001579
DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001579
PG 17
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics
GA 172YJ
UT WOS:000321042900007
PM 23776404
ER
PT J
AU Swarzenski, PW
Baskaran, M
Rosenbauer, RJ
Edwards, BD
Land, M
AF Swarzenski, Peter W.
Baskaran, Mark
Rosenbauer, Robert J.
Edwards, Brian D.
Land, Michael
TI A Combined Radio- and Stable-Isotopic Study of a California Coastal
Aquifer System
SO WATER
LA English
DT Article
DE radium; radon; groundwater; coastal aquifer; stable isotopes; residence
times; desorption rate constant
ID DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON; TH-SERIES NUCLIDES; GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE;
SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; U-SERIES; TRANSPORT; WATERS; RADIONUCLIDES; RN-222;
BIODEGRADATION
AB Stable and radioactive tracers were utilized in concert to characterize geochemical processes in a complex coastal groundwater system and to provide constraints on the kinetics of rock/water interactions. Groundwater samples from wells within the Dominguez Gap region of Los Angeles County, California were analyzed for a suite of major cations (Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+) and anions (Cl-, SO42-), silica, alkalinity, select trace elements (Ba, B, Sr), dissolved oxygen, stable isotopes of hydrogen (delta D), oxygen (delta O-18), dissolved inorganic carbon (delta C-13(DIC)), and radioactive isotopes (H-3, Rn-222 and Ra-223,Ra-224,Ra-226,Ra-228). In the study area, groundwater may consist of a complex mixture of native groundwater, intruded seawater, non-native injected water, and oil-field brine water. In some wells, Cl- concentrations attained seawater-like values and in conjunction with isotopically heavier delta O-18 values, these tracers provide information on the extent of seawater intrusion and/or mixing with oil-field brines. Groundwater H-3 above 1 tritium unit (TU) was observed only in a few select wells close to the Dominguez Gap area and most other well groundwater was aged pre-1952. Based on an initial C-14 value for the study site of 90 percent modern carbon (pmc), groundwater age estimates likely extend beyond 20 kyr before present and confirm deep circulation of some native groundwater through multiple aquifers. Enriched values of groundwater delta C-13(DIC) in the absence of SO42- imply enhanced anaerobic microbial methanogenesis. While secular equilibrium was observed for U-234/U-238 (activity ratios similar to 1) in host matrices, strong isotopic fractionation in these groundwater samples can be used to obtain information of adsorption/desorption kinetics. Calculated Ra residence times are short, and the associated desorption rate constant is about three orders of magnitude slower than that of the adsorption rate constant. Combined stable-and radio-isotopic results provide unique insights into aquifer characteristics, such as geochemical cycling, rock/water interactions, and subsurface transport and mixing.
C1 [Swarzenski, Peter W.; Rosenbauer, Robert J.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Baskaran, Mark] Wayne State Univ, Dept Geol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
[Edwards, Brian D.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Land, Michael] US Geol Survey, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
RP Swarzenski, PW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM pswarzen@usgs.gov; baskaran@wayne.edu; brosenbauer@usgs.gov;
bedwards@usgs.gov; mtland@usgs.gov
OI Baskaran, Mark/0000-0002-2218-4328
NR 68
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 32
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2073-4441
J9 WATER-SUI
JI Water
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 2
BP 480
EP 504
DI 10.3390/w5020480
PG 25
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 169HD
UT WOS:000320769800010
ER
PT J
AU Vogel, JR
Griffin, DW
Ip, HS
Ashbolt, NJ
Moser, MT
Lu, JR
Beitz, MK
Ryu, H
Domingo, JWS
AF Vogel, Jason R.
Griffin, Dale W.
Ip, Hon S.
Ashbolt, Nicholas J.
Moser, Matthew T.
Lu, Jingrang
Beitz, Mary K.
Ryu, Hodon
Domingo, Jorge W. Santo
TI Impacts of Migratory Sandhill Cranes (Grus canadensis) on Microbial
Water Quality in the Central Platte River, Nebraska, USA
SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Sandhill Cranes; Microbial water quality; Nebraska
ID JEJUNI SUBSP JEJUNI; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR;
CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SOURCE-TRACKING; GULL FECES;
FECAL CONTAMINATION; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; CANADA GOOSE
AB Wild birds have been shown to be significant sources of numerous types of pathogens that are relevant to humans and agriculture. The presence of large numbers of migratory birds in such a sensitive and important ecosystem as the Platte River in central Nebraska, USA, could potentially serve a significant source of bird-derived pathogens in the water/sediment and riverine environment. In 2009 and 2010, a study was completed to investigate the potential water-quality impacts of Sandhill Cranes and Snow Geese on the microbial water quality of the central Platte River during their spring migration period. Fecal material, river-bottom sediment, and water samples were collected from January through May of each year during the spring migration season of Sandhill Cranes in the Central Flyway of North America. Results indicate that several types of fecal indicator bacteria and from a range of viral, protozoan, and bacterial pathogens, Campylobacter jejuni were present in Sandhill Crane excreta, and at significantly higher frequency and densities in water and sediments when the Sandhill Cranes were present, particularly during evening roosts within the Platte River environment. Therefore, further investigation of the health significance of avian pathogens is warranted for the Platte River in Central Nebraska during migration of Sandhill Cranes and other waterfowl.
C1 [Vogel, Jason R.; Beitz, Mary K.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Griffin, Dale W.] USGS Florida Integrated Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Ip, Hon S.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Ashbolt, Nicholas J.; Lu, Jingrang; Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Moser, Matthew T.] USGS Nebraska Water Sci Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68512 USA.
RP Vogel, JR (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM jason.vogel@okstate.edu
RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011
OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519
NR 69
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 99
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0049-6979
J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL
JI Water Air Soil Pollut.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 224
IS 6
AR 1576
DI 10.1007/s11270-013-1576-3
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
GA 181JX
UT WOS:000321665000009
ER
PT J
AU Simek, JF
Cressler, A
Herrmann, NP
Sherwood, SC
AF Simek, Jan F.
Cressler, Alan
Herrmann, Nicholas P.
Sherwood, Sarah C.
TI Sacred landscapes of the south-eastern USA: prehistoric rock and cave
art in Tennessee
SO ANTIQUITY
LA English
DT Article
DE North America; south-east USA; Tennessee; Mississippian; rock art; cave
art
AB Systematic field exploration in Tennessee has located a wealth of new rock art-some deep in caves, some in the open air. The authors show that these have a different repertoire and use of colour, and a different distribution in the landscape-the open sites up high and the caves down low. The landscape has been reorganised on cosmological terms by the pre-Columbian societies. This research offers an exemplary rationale for reading rock art beyond the image and the site.
C1 [Simek, Jan F.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anthropol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Cressler, Alan] US Geol Survey, Atlanta, GA 30360 USA.
[Herrmann, Nicholas P.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Anthropol & Middle Eastern Cultures, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Sherwood, Sarah C.] Sewanee Univ South, Environm Studies Program, Sewanee, TN 37383 USA.
RP Simek, JF (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Anthropol, 252 South Stadium Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM jsimek@utk.edu; alan.cressler@gmail.com; herrmann@anthro.msstate.edu;
sherwood@sewanee.edu
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 8
PU ANTIQUITY
PI YORK
PA KINGS MANOR, YORK YO1 7EP, ENGLAND
SN 0003-598X
J9 ANTIQUITY
JI Antiquity
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 336
BP 430
EP 446
PG 17
WC Anthropology; Archaeology
SC Anthropology; Archaeology
GA 162TK
UT WOS:000320288700008
ER
PT J
AU Pearl, CA
Adams, MJ
McCreary, B
AF Pearl, Christopher A.
Adams, Michael J.
McCreary, Brome
TI Habitat and co-occurrence of native and invasive crayfish in the Pacific
Northwest, USA
SO AQUATIC INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE crayfish; invasion; occupancy; Orconectes; Procambarus; Pacifastacus
ID RED-SWAMP CRAYFISH; PROCAMBARUS-CLARKII GIRARD; SPECIES
PACIFASTACUS-LENIUSCULUS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA STREAMS; INTRODUCED
LARGEMOUTH BASS; UNITED-STATES; CAMBAROIDES-JAPONICUS; PINE LAKE;
CONSERVATION; WASHINGTON
AB Biological invasions can have dramatic effects on freshwater ecosystems and introduced crayfish can be particularly impacting. We document crayfish distribution in three large hydrographic basins (Rogue, Umpqua, Willamette/Columbia) in the Pacific Northwest USA. We used occupancy analyses to investigate habitat relationships and evidence for displacement of native Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana, 1852) by two invaders. We found invasive Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852), in 51 of 283 sites and in all three hydrographic basins. We found invasive Orconectes n. neglectus (Faxon, 1885) at 68% of sites in the Rogue basin and provide first documentation of their broad distribution in the Umpqua basin. We found P. clarkii in both lentic and lotic habitats, and it was positively associated with manmade sites. P. leniusculus was positively associated with lotic habitats and negatively related to manmade sites. In the Rogue and Umpqua basins, O. n. neglectus and P. leniusculus were similar in their habitat associations. We did not find a negative relationship in site occupancy between O. n. neglectus and P. leniusculus. Our data suggest that P. clarkii has potential to locally displace P. leniusculus. There is still time for preventive measures to limit the spread of the invasive crayfish in this region.
C1 [Pearl, Christopher A.; Adams, Michael J.; McCreary, Brome] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Pearl, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM christopher_pearl@usgs.gov; mjadams@usgs.gov; brome_mccreary@usgs.gov
FU USGS Pacific Northwest Regional Office, State Partnership program
FX This research was supported by the USGS Pacific Northwest Regional
Office, State Partnership program. We thank private landowners and
agency personnel that helped locate and access sampling sites, including
biologists from Oregon Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, Oregon Dept. of
Environmental Quality, Long Tom Watershed Council, US Fish and Wildlife
Service, US Forest Service and US Bureau of Land Management. We thank
Greg Elbe, Luke Fitzpatrick, Ross Hinderer, Hannah Lucas, and Brent Priz
for their work afield. Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments
on earlier versions of this manuscript. We thank the following
institutions for information on their collections: Burke Museum
(University of Washington); California Academy of Sciences (San
Francisco); Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS; Champaign); Monte L.
Bean Life Science Museum (Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah); Oregon
State University Natural History Collection (Corvallis); Royal British
Columbia Museum (Victoria, British Columbia, Canada); Smithsonian
National Museum of Natural History (NMNH; Washington, D. C.); University
of Louisiana at Lafayette; University of California Museum of Vertebrate
Zoology (Berkeley); University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (Ann
Arbor); and Slater Museum of Natural History (University of Puget Sound,
Tacoma, Washington). Sampling was conducted under scientific collecting
permits from Oregon Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, US Fish and Wildlife
Service, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 61
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 37
PU REGIONAL EURO-ASIAN BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS CENTRE-REABIC
PI HELSINKI
PA PL 3, HELSINKI, 00981, FINLAND
SN 1798-6540
J9 AQUAT INVASIONS
JI Aquat. Invasions
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 2
BP 171
EP 184
DI 10.3391/ai.2013.8.2.05
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 175GS
UT WOS:000321219500005
ER
PT J
AU Gourley, JJ
Hong, Y
Flamig, ZL
Arthur, A
Clark, R
Calianno, M
Ruin, I
Ortel, T
Wieczorek, ME
Kirstetter, PE
Clark, E
Krajewski, WF
AF Gourley, Jonathan J.
Hong, Yang
Flamig, Zachchary L.
Arthur, Ami
Clark, Robert
Calianno, Martin
Ruin, Isabelle
Ortel, Terry
Wieczorek, Michchael E.
Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel
Clark, Edward
Krajewski, Witold F.
TI A Unified Flash Flood Database across the United States
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
AB Despite flash flooding being one of the most deadly and costly weather-related natural hazards worldwide, individual datasets to characterize them in the United States are hampered by limited documentation and can be difficult to access. This study is the first of its kind to assemble, reprocess, describe, and disseminate a georeferenced U.S. database providing a long-term, detailed characterization of flash flooding in terms of spatiotemporal behavior and specificity of impacts. The database is composed of three primary sources: 1) the entire archive of automated discharge observations from the U.S. Geological Survey that has been reprocessed to describe individual flooding events, 2) flash-flooding reports collected by the National Weather Service from 2006 to the present, and 3) witness reports obtained directly from the public in the Severe Hazards Analysis and Verification Experiment during the summers 2008-10. Each observational data source has limitations; a major asset of the unified flash flood database is its collation of relevant information from a variety of sources that is now readily available to the community in common formats. It is anticipated that this database will be used for many diverse purposes, such as evaluating tools to predict flash flooding, characterizing seasonal and regional trends, and improving understanding of dominant flood-producing processes. We envision the initiation of this community database effort will attract and encompass future datasets.
C1 [Gourley, Jonathan J.; Flamig, Zachchary L.; Arthur, Ami; Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Hong, Yang; Flamig, Zachchary L.; Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel] Univ Oklahoma, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Arthur, Ami; Clark, Robert] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Clark, Robert] Univ Oklahoma, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Calianno, Martin; Ruin, Isabelle] Lab Etud Transferts Hydrol & Environm, Grenoble, France.
[Ortel, Terry] US Geol Survey, Illinois Water Sci Ctr, Urbana, IL USA.
[Wieczorek, Michchael E.] US Geol Survey, Maryland DE DC Water Sci Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Clark, Edward] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Climate Water & Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Krajewski, Witold F.] Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA USA.
RP Gourley, JJ (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM jj.gourley@noaa.gov
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Kirstetter, Pierre/E-2305-2013; Gourley,
Jonathan/C-7929-2016
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X; Kirstetter, Pierre/0000-0002-7381-0229;
Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma [NA17RJ1227]; U.S. Department of Commerce; Advanced Hydrologic
Prediction Service of the NOAA/National Weather Service; Iowa Flood
Center
FX Funding was provided by the NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric
Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement
NA17RJ1227, the U.S. Department of Commerce, and the Advanced Hydrologic
Prediction Service of the NOAA/National Weather Service. WFK
acknowledges the support of the Iowa Flood Center.
NR 10
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 6
BP 799
EP 805
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00198.1
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 175TK
UT WOS:000321256100003
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, TC
Heim, RR
Hirsch, R
Kaiser, DP
Brooks, H
Diffenbaugh, NS
Dole, RM
Giovannettone, JP
Guirguis, K
Karl, TR
Katz, RW
Kunkel, K
Lettenmaier, D
McCabe, GJ
Paciorek, CJ
Ryberg, KR
Schubert, S
Silva, VBS
Stewart, BC
Vecchia, AV
Villarini, G
Vose, RS
Walsh, J
Wehner, M
Wolock, D
Wolter, K
Woodhouse, CA
Wuebbles, D
AF Peterson, Thomas C.
Heim, Richard R., Jr.
Hirsch, Robert
Kaiser, Dale P.
Brooks, Harold
Diffenbaugh, Noah S.
Dole, Randall M.
Giovannettone, Jason P.
Guirguis, Kristen
Karl, Thomas R.
Katz, Richard W.
Kunkel, Kenneth
Lettenmaier, Dennis
McCabe, Gregory J.
Paciorek, Christopher J.
Ryberg, Karen R.
Schubert, Siegfried
Silva, Viviane B. S.
Stewart, Brooke C.
Vecchia, Aldo V.
Villarini, Gabriele
Vose, Russell S.
Walsh, John
Wehner, Michael
Wolock, David
Wolter, Klaus
Woodhouse, Connie A.
Wuebbles, Donald
TI MONITORING AND UNDERSTANDING CHANGES IN HEAT WAVES, COLD WAVES, FLOODS,
AND DROUGHTS IN THE UNITED STATES: State of Knowledge
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHWESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; SOIL-MOISTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER
MANAGEMENT; GREAT-PLAINS; NEW-ENGLAND; DUST-BOWL; US; TEMPERATURE;
STREAMFLOW
AB Weather and climate extremes have been varying and changing on many different time scales. In recent decades, heat waves have generally become more frequent across the United States, while cold waves have been decreasing. While this is in keeping with expectations in a warming climate, it turns out that decadal variations in the number of U.S. heat and cold waves do not correlate well with the observed U.S. warming during the last century. Annual peak flow data reveal that river flooding trends on the century scale do not show uniform changes across the country. While flood magnitudes in the Southwest have been decreasing, flood magnitudes in the Northeast and north-central United States have been increasing. Confounding the analysis of trends in river flooding is multiyear and even multidecadal variability likely caused by both large-scale atmospheric circulation changes and basin-scale memory in the form of soil moisture. Droughts also have long-term trends as well as multiyear and decadal variability. Instrumental data indicate that the Dust Bowl of the 1930s and the drought in the 1950s were the most significant twentieth-century droughts in the United States, while tree ring data indicate that the megadroughts over the twelfth century exceeded anything in the twentieth century in both spatial extent and duration. The state of knowledge of the factors that cause heat waves, cold waves, floods, and drought to change is fairly good with heat waves being the best understood.
C1 [Peterson, Thomas C.; Heim, Richard R., Jr.; Vose, Russell S.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC 28803 USA.
[Hirsch, Robert] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Kaiser, Dale P.] US DOE, Carbon Dioxide Informat Anal Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Brooks, Harold] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Diffenbaugh, Noah S.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Dole, Randall M.; Wolter, Klaus] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Giovannettone, Jason P.] US Army Corp Engineers, Inst Water Resources, Alexandria, VA USA.
[Guirguis, Kristen] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Guirguis, Kristen] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA.
[Katz, Richard W.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Kunkel, Kenneth] Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA.
[Lettenmaier, Dennis] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[McCabe, Gregory J.; Wolock, David] USGS, Lawrence, KS USA.
[Paciorek, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ryberg, Karen R.; Vecchia, Aldo V.] US Geol Survey, Bismarck, ND USA.
[Schubert, Siegfried] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Silva, Viviane B. S.] NOAA, Climate Serv Div, NWS, OCWWS, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Stewart, Brooke C.] STG, Asheville, NC USA.
[Villarini, Gabriele] Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA USA.
[Walsh, John] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Wehner, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Woodhouse, Connie A.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Wuebbles, Donald] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA.
RP Peterson, TC (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28803 USA.
EM thomas.c.peterson@noaa.gov
RI lettenmaier, dennis/F-8780-2011; Diffenbaugh, Noah/I-5920-2014; Kunkel,
Kenneth/C-7280-2015; Wolter, Klaus/D-5988-2015; Katz,
Richard/K-4133-2012; Ryberg, Karen/E-1871-2016; Villarini,
Gabriele/F-8069-2016;
OI lettenmaier, dennis/0000-0003-3317-1327; Diffenbaugh,
Noah/0000-0002-8856-4964; Kunkel, Kenneth/0000-0001-6667-7047; Katz,
Richard/0000-0002-0267-8953; Ryberg, Karen/0000-0002-9834-2046;
Villarini, Gabriele/0000-0001-9566-2370; Hirsch,
Robert/0000-0002-4534-075X
NR 95
TC 84
Z9 85
U1 10
U2 132
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 6
BP 821
EP 834
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00066.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 175TK
UT WOS:000321256100005
ER
PT J
AU Dostal, J
Karl, SM
Keppie, JD
Kontak, DJ
Shellnutt, JG
AF Dostal, Jaroslav
Karl, Susan M.
Duncan Keppie, J.
Kontak, Daniel J.
Shellnutt, J. Gregory
TI Bokan Mountain peralkaline granitic complex, Alexander terrane
(southeastern Alaska): evidence for Early Jurassic rifting prior to
accretion with North America
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID WRANGELL MOUNTAINS; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; PB GEOCHRONOLOGY; COUNTRY ROCKS;
ARC; DISCRIMINATION; HISTORY; ISLAND; DISPLACEMENT; PROVENANCE
AB The circular Bokan Mountain complex (BMC) on southern Prince of Wales Island, southernmost Alaska, is a Jurassic peralkaline granitic intrusion about 3 km in diameter that crosscuts igneous and metasedimentary rocks of the Alexander terrane. The BMC hosts significant rare metal (rare earth elements, Y, U, Th, Zr, and Nb) mineralization related to the last stage of BMC emplacement. U-Pb (zircon) and Ar-40/Ar-39 (amphibole and whole-rock) geochronology indicates the following sequence of intrusive activity: (i) a Paleozoic basement composed mainly of 469 +/- 4 Ma granitic rocks; (ii) intrusion of the BMC at 177 +/- 1 Ma followed by rapid cooling through ca. 550 degrees C at 176 +/- 1 Ma that was synchronous with mineralization associated with vertical, WNW-trending pegmatites, felsic dikes, and aegirine-fluorite veins and late-stage, sinistral shear deformation; and (iii) intrusion of crosscutting lamprophyre dikes at >150 Ma and again at ca. 105 Ma. The peralkaline nature of the BMC and the WNW trend of associated dikes suggest intrusion during NE-SW rifting that was followed by NE-SW shortening during the waning stages of BMC emplacement. The 177 Ma BMC was synchronous with other magmatic centres in the Alexander terrane, such as (1) the Dora Bay peralkaline stock and (2) the bimodal Moffatt volcanic suite located similar to 30 km north and similar to 100 km SE of the BMC, respectively. This regional magmatism is interpreted to represent a regional extensional event that precedes deposition of the Late Jurassic - Cretaceous Gravina sequence that oversteps the Wrangellia and Alexander exotic accreted terranes and the Taku and Yukon-Tanana pericratonic terranes of the Canadian-Alaskan Cordillera.
C1 [Dostal, Jaroslav] St Marys Univ, Dept Geol, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada.
[Karl, Susan M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Duncan Keppie, J.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Kontak, Daniel J.] Laurentian Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada.
[Shellnutt, J. Gregory] Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.
RP Dostal, J (reprint author), St Marys Univ, Dept Geol, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada.
EM jdostal@smu.ca
FU U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources External Research Grant
[G09AP00039]; Ucore Rare Metals Ltd.; NSERC of Canada
FX Support for this research was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey
Mineral Resources External Research Grant G09AP00039, Ucore Rare Metals
Ltd., and NSERC of Canada. We are grateful to Filippo Ferri and Bradley
Van Gosen for their comments and suggestions that led to improvement of
the manuscript. We would like to thank Randy Corney for technical
assistance, Mike Hamilton for TIMS zircon dating, Doug Archibald for
Ar-Ar ages, and particularly Jim Barker for help with fieldwork and
logistical support, guidance, and encouragement.
NR 51
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 11
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4077
J9 CAN J EARTH SCI
JI Can. J. Earth Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 50
IS 6
BP 678
EP 691
DI 10.1139/cjes-2012-0139
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 161YX
UT WOS:000320231700006
ER
PT J
AU Bianco, TA
Ito, G
van Hunen, J
Mahoney, JJ
Ballmer, MD
AF Bianco, Todd Anthony
Ito, Garrett
van Hunen, Jeroen
Mahoney, John J.
Ballmer, Maxim D.
TI Geochemical variations at ridge-centered hotspots caused by variable
melting of a veined mantle plume
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Iceland; plume; mantle heterogeneity; plume-ridge
ID HETEROGENEOUS ICELAND PLUME; OCEANIC UPPER-MANTLE; MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE;
REYKJANES-RIDGE; BENEATH ICELAND; TRACE-ELEMENT; STRONTIUM ISOTOPES;
NORTH-ATLANTIC; PLATE MOTIONS; BASALTS
AB We model the dynamics and melting of a ridge-centered mantle plume, and predict the geochemical composition of magma at the surface. The mantle source is a fine-scale mixture of a small fraction of hydrous peridotite that is relatively enriched in incompatible elements ("EC") and is embedded in a drier peridotite ("DC") matrix. We assume all magma erupts at the ridge and calculate the contribution of EC and DC to the pooled composition along the ridge. If viscosity increases as melting dehydrates the mantle, EC contributes more to the pooled magma at the hotspot center than anywhere else along the ridge. The magnitude of this EC anomaly increases with Rayleigh number, and the along-axis distance to normal ridge composition increases with Rayleigh number, plume radius, and thermal buoyancy flux. A subset of model calculations designed to simulate the Iceland hotspot and Mid-Atlantic Ridge predict variations in crustal thickness, Sr-87/Sr-86, and La/Sm with magnitudes and widths along the ridge that are comparable to, but less than, those observed. Improved fits to the observations require the innermost plume mantle to be compositionally distinct from the ambient asthenosphere; for example, by having a slightly higher mass fraction of EC (13-16%), or with DC having slightly higher Sr-87/Sr-86 and La/Sm. The inferred bulk plume Sr-87/Sr-86 composition, however, is within the predicted range of the source of normal mid-ocean ridge basalts worldwide. The broader implication is that the source of the Iceland plume is more similar in composition to the ambient upper mantle than previously thought, as a large part of the variation in ridge basalt composition can be attributed to the dynamics of mantle flow and melting. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bianco, Todd Anthony] US Geol Survey, Geol Soc Amer, Washington, DC 20242 USA.
[Ito, Garrett; Mahoney, John J.; Ballmer, Maxim D.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, SOEST, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[van Hunen, Jeroen] Univ Durham, Dept Earth Sci, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
RP Bianco, TA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol Soc Amer, Washington, DC 20242 USA.
EM toddanthonybianco@gmail.com
RI van Hunen, Jeroen/A-2225-2010
OI van Hunen, Jeroen/0000-0002-3050-6753
FU NSF-CSEDI Grant [0440365]; NSF Award [948345]; Maui High Performance
Computer Center's Student Engagement Grant
FX Funding from NSF-CSEDI Grant #0440365, NSF Award #948345, and the Maui
High Performance Computer Center's Student Engagement Grant supported
this project. The manuscript benefited from comments from Janet Becker,
Michael Garcia, and Carlos Coimbra. We thank Associate Editor Tim
Elliot, Rachel Waters, and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive
reviews.
NR 87
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 50
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 371
BP 191
EP 202
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.03.050
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 173KC
UT WOS:000321077400019
ER
PT J
AU Middleton, AD
Kauffman, MJ
McWhirter, DE
Cook, JG
Cook, RC
Nelson, AA
Jimenez, MD
Klaver, RW
AF Middleton, Arthur D.
Kauffman, Matthew J.
McWhirter, Douglas E.
Cook, John G.
Cook, Rachel C.
Nelson, Abigail A.
Jimenez, Michael D.
Klaver, Robert W.
TI Animal migration amid shifting patterns of phenology and predation:
lessons from a Yellowstone elk herd
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE carnivore recovery; Cervus elaphus; drought; elk; grizzly bears;
migration; trophic mismatch; vegetation phenology; wolves; Yellowstone
ID UNGULATE POPULATION-DYNAMICS; LONG-DISTANCE MIGRATION; NATIONAL-PARK;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; TROPHIC CASCADE; LARGE HERBIVORES; PLANT PHENOLOGY; CALF
SURVIVAL; RISK; REPRODUCTION
AB Migration is a striking behavioral strategy by which many animals enhance resource acquisition while reducing predation risk. Historically, the demographic benefits of such movements made migration common, but in many taxa the phenomenon is considered globally threatened. Here we describe a long-term decline in the productivity of elk (Cervus elaphus) that migrate through intact wilderness areas to protected summer ranges inside Yellowstone National Park, USA. We attribute this decline to a long-term reduction in the demographic benefits that ungulates typically gain from migration. Among migratory elk, we observed a 21-year, 70% reduction in recruitment and a 4-year, 19% depression in their pregnancy rate largely caused by infrequent reproduction of females that were young or lactating. In contrast, among resident elk, we have recently observed increasing recruitment and a high rate of pregnancy. Landscape-level changes in habitat quality and predation appear to be responsible for the declining productivity of Yellowstone migrants. From 1989 to 2009, migratory elk experienced an increasing rate and shorter duration of green-up coincident with warmer spring-summer temperatures and reduced spring precipitation, also consistent with observations of an unusually severe drought in the region. Migrants are also now exposed to four times as many grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) and wolves (Canis lupus) as resident elk. Both of these restored predators consume migratory elk calves at high rates in the Yellowstone wilderness but are maintained at low densities via lethal management and human disturbance in the year-round habitats of resident elk. Our findings suggest that large-carnivore recovery and drought, operating simultaneously along an elevation gradient, have disproportionately influenced the demography of migratory elk. Many migratory animals travel large geographic distances between their seasonal ranges. Changes in land use and climate that disparately influence such seasonal ranges may alter the ecological basis of migratory behavior, representing an important challenge for, and a powerful lens into, the ecology and conservation of migratory taxa.
C1 [Middleton, Arthur D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Middleton, Arthur D.; Kauffman, Matthew J.] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Kauffman, Matthew J.] Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[McWhirter, Douglas E.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Cody, WY 82414 USA.
[Cook, Rachel C.; Nelson, Abigail A.] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
[Jimenez, Michael D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Jackson, WY 83001 USA.
[Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, US Geol Survey, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Middleton, AD (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, 370 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
EM arthur.middleton@yale.edu
FU WGFD; USFWS; Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation; Wyoming Animal Damage
Management Board; Wyoming Governor's Big Game License Coalition;
University of Wyoming's Program in Ecology; NSF-EPSCoR program
[EPS-0447681]; Buffalo Bill Historical Center; National Council for Air
and Stream Improvement; Oregon Forest Industries Council; Washington
Forest Protection Association
FX We thank P. J. White, D. Smith, and C. Hendrix of the U. S. National
Park Service; C. Schwartz and M. Haroldson of the U. S. Geological
Survey; J. Pehringer of USDA Wildlife Services; S. Woodruff of the U. S.
Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); and C. Queen, C. Sax, and M. Bruscino
of the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) for assistance with data
collection. We thank Quicksilver, Leading Edge, and Sky Aviation for
assistance with animal captures and tracking. Our work was funded by
WGFD, the USFWS, the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, the Wyoming Animal
Damage Management Board, and the Wyoming Governor's Big Game License
Coalition; and benefited from the cooperation of E. and B. Landmark,
Heart Mountain, Mooncrest, Sunlight, Switch-back, Trail Creek, and Two
Dot ranches. A. D. Middleton received support from the University of
Wyoming's Program in Ecology, the NSF-EPSCoR program (EPS-0447681), and
the Buffalo Bill Historical Center. J. G. Cook and R. C. Cook received
support from the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Oregon
Forest Industries Council, Washington Forest Protection Association, and
several forest products companies. Comments by S. Buskirk, P. Cross, D.
Doak, M. Festa-Bianchet, J.-M. Gaillard, J. Goheen, K. Monteith, S.
Newsome, D. Skelly, P. J. White, and five anonymous reviewers improved
the manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 61
TC 49
Z9 50
U1 29
U2 328
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 6
BP 1245
EP 1256
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 168OG
UT WOS:000320714800007
PM 23923485
ER
PT J
AU Middleton, AD
Kauffman, MJ
Mcwhirter, DE
Cook, JG
Cook, RC
Nelson, AA
Jimenez, MD
Klaver, RW
AF Middleton, Arthur D.
Kauffman, Matthew J.
Mcwhirter, Douglas E.
Cook, John G.
Cook, Rachel C.
Nelson, Abigail A.
Jimenez, Michael D.
Klaver, Robert W.
TI Rejoinder: challenge and opportunity in the study of ungulate migration
amid environmental change
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; PREDATOR HUNTING MODE; AMERICAN BLACK BEARS;
PLANT PHENOLOGY; AUTUMN NUTRITION; TROPHIC CASCADE; BODY CONDITION; ELK
HERD; REPRODUCTION; MORTALITY
C1 [Middleton, Arthur D.; Nelson, Abigail A.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Middleton, Arthur D.; Kauffman, Matthew J.] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Kauffman, Matthew J.] Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Mcwhirter, Douglas E.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Cody, WY 82414 USA.
[Cook, John G.; Cook, Rachel C.] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
[Jimenez, Michael D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Jackson, WY 83001 USA.
[Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, US Geol Survey, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Middleton, AD (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, 370 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
EM arthur.middleton@yale.edu
NR 59
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 49
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 6
BP 1280
EP 1286
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 168OG
UT WOS:000320714800013
PM 23923491
ER
PT J
AU Kauffman, MJ
Brodie, JF
Jules, ES
AF Kauffman, Matthew J.
Brodie, Jedediah F.
Jules, Erik S.
TI Are wolves saving Yellowstone's aspen? A landscape-level test of a
behaviorally mediated trophic cascade: reply
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID NATIONAL-PARK; WOLF REINTRODUCTION; NORTHERN RANGE; TEMPORAL VARIATION;
HABITAT SELECTION; PREDATION RISK; WINTER RANGE; ELK HERD; PREY;
ECOSYSTEM
C1 [Kauffman, Matthew J.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Brodie, Jedediah F.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Jules, Erik S.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
RP Kauffman, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM mkauffm1@uwyo.edu
NR 45
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 10
U2 140
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 6
BP 1425
EP 1431
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 168OG
UT WOS:000320714800028
PM 23923506
ER
PT J
AU Fellers, GM
Kleeman, PM
Miller, DAW
Halstead, BJ
Link, WA
AF Fellers, Gary M.
Kleeman, Patrick M.
Miller, David A. W.
Halstead, Brian J.
Link, William A.
TI POPULATION SIZE, SURVIVAL, GROWTH, AND MOVEMENTS OF RANA SIERRAE
SO HERPETOLOGICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Growth; Movement; Population size; Rana sierrae; Sierra Nevada; Sierra
Nevada Yellow-legged Frog; Survival
ID YELLOW-LEGGED FROG; PROTECTED AREAS; SITE FIDELITY; HABITAT USE;
CALIFORNIA; MUSCOSA; NEVADA; USA; AMPHIBIANS; ANURANS
AB Based on 2431 captures of 757 individual frogs over a 9-yr period, we found that the population of R. sierrae in one meadow-stream complex in Yosemite National Park ranged from an estimated 45 to 115 adult frogs. Rana sierrae at our relatively low elevation site (2200 m) grew at a fast rate (K = 0.73-0.78), had high overwintering survival rates (44.6-95%), lived a long time (up to 16 yr), and tended to be fairly sedentary during the summer (100% minimum convex polygon annual home ranges of 139 m 2) but had low year-to-year site fidelity. Even though the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Bd) has been present in the population for at least 13 yr, there was no clear downward trend as might be expected from reports of R. sierrae population declines associated with Bd or from reports of widespread population decline of R. sierrae throughout its range.
C1 [Fellers, Gary M.; Kleeman, Patrick M.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Point Reyes Natl Seashore, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA.
[Miller, David A. W.; Link, William A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Halstead, Brian J.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
RP Fellers, GM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Point Reyes Natl Seashore, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA.
EM gary_fellers@usgs.gov
RI Miller, David/E-4492-2012
NR 51
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 45
PU HERPETOLOGISTS LEAGUE
PI EMPORIA
PA EMPORIA STATE UNIV, DIVISION BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 1200 COMMERCIAL ST,
EMPORIA, KS 66801-5087 USA
SN 0018-0831
EI 1938-5099
J9 HERPETOLOGICA
JI Herpetologica
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 69
IS 2
BP 147
EP 162
PG 16
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 172HB
UT WOS:000320990500004
ER
PT J
AU Pierce, DW
Cayan, DR
AF Pierce, David W.
Cayan, Daniel R.
TI The Uneven Response of Different Snow Measures to Human-Induced Climate
Warming
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Climate sensitivity; Snow cover
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; MOUNTAIN SNOWPACK; NORTH-AMERICA; TRENDS;
PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; CALIFORNIA; IMPACTS;
ATTRIBUTION
AB The effect of human-induced climate warming on different snow measures in the western United States is compared by calculating the time required to achieve a statistically significant linear trend in the different measures, using time series derived from regionally downscaled global climate models. The measures examined include the water content of the spring snowpack, total cold-season snowfall, fraction of winter precipitation that falls as snow, length of the snow season, and fraction of cold-season precipitation retained in the spring snowpack, as well as temperature and precipitation. Various stakeholders may be interested in different sets of these variables. It is found that temperature and the fraction of winter precipitation that falls as snow exhibit significant trends first, followed in 5-10 years by the fraction of cold-season precipitation retained in the spring snowpack, and later still by the water content of the spring snowpack. Change in total cold-season snowfall is least detectable of all the measures, since it is strongly linked to precipitation, which has large natural variability and only a weak anthropogenic trend in the western United States. Averaging over increasingly wider areas monotonically increases the signal-to-noise ratio of the 1950-2025 linear trend from 0.15 to 0.37, depending on the snow measure.
C1 [Pierce, David W.; Cayan, Daniel R.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Climate Atmospher Sci & Phys Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Pierce, DW (reprint author), Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Climate Atmospher Sci & Phys Oceanog, Mail Stop 0224, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM dpierce@ucsd.edu
FU California Energy Commission (CEC) Public Interest for Energy Research
(PIER) program; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's
California/Nevada Applications Program [CNAP; a NOAA Regional Integrated
Sciences and Assessments (RISA) center]; Southwest Climate Science
Center via the U.S. Geological Survey/Department of Interior; U.S.
Department of Energy's Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research [DE-SC0004956]; NOAA's Climate Program Office
FX This work was supported by the California Energy Commission (CEC) Public
Interest for Energy Research (PIER) program, the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration's California/Nevada Applications Program
[CNAP; a NOAA Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments (RISA)
center], and the Southwest Climate Science Center via the U.S.
Geological Survey/Department of Interior. As a member of the
International Detection and Attribution Working Group (IDAG), DWP
acknowledges partial support from the U.S. Department of Energy's Office
of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Grant
DE-SC0004956 and NOAA's Climate Program Office. We acknowledge the World
Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which
is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups
(listed in Table 1 of this paper) for producing and making available
their model output. For CMIP the U.S. Department of Energy's Program for
Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides coordinating
support and led development of software infrastructure in partnership
with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. The
authors would also like to thank three anonymous reviewers for comments
that improved this work.
NR 35
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 33
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 12
BP 4148
EP 4167
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00534.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 170WI
UT WOS:000320885300012
ER
PT J
AU DeFlorio, MJ
Pierce, DW
Cayan, DR
Miller, AJ
AF DeFlorio, Michael J.
Pierce, David W.
Cayan, Daniel R.
Miller, Arthur J.
TI Western US Extreme Precipitation Events and Their Relation to ENSO and
PDO in CCSM4
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Pacific Ocean; ENSO; Precipitation; Climate variability; Climate models;
Pacific decadal oscillation
ID PACIFIC DECADAL OSCILLATION; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; CLIMATE MODELS; NORTH
PACIFIC; UNITED-STATES; TELECONNECTIONS; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY;
SIMULATION
AB Water resources and management over the western United States are heavily impacted by both local climate variability and the teleconnected responses of precipitation to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO). In this work, regional precipitation patterns over the western United States and linkages to ENSO and the PDO are analyzed using output from a Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4) preindustrial control run and observations, with emphasis on extreme precipitation events. CCSM4 produces realistic zonal gradients in precipitation intensity and duration over the western United States, with higher values on the windward side of the Cascade Mountains and Sierra Nevada and lower values on the leeward. Compared to its predecessor CCSM3, CCSM4 shows an improved teleconnected signal of both ENSO and the PDO to large-scale circulation patterns over the Pacific-North America region and also to the spatial pattern and other aspects of western U.S. precipitation. The so-called drizzle problem persists in CCSM4 but is significantly improved compared to CCSM3. In particular, it is found that CCSM4 has substantially less precipitation duration bias than is present in CCSM3. Both the overall and extreme intensity of wintertime precipitation over the western United States show statistically significant linkages with ENSO and PDO in CCSM4. This analysis provides a basis for future studies using greenhouse gas (GHG)-forced CCSM4 runs.
C1 [DeFlorio, Michael J.; Pierce, David W.; Cayan, Daniel R.; Miller, Arthur J.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Climate Atmospher Sci & Phys Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, Water Resources Discipline, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP DeFlorio, MJ (reprint author), Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr,Mail Code 0208, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM mdeflori@ucsd.edu
FU NSF [OCE-0960770, AGS-1048995]; DOE [DE-SC0002000]; NOAA [ECPC:
NA17RJ1231]
FX This study forms a portion of the Ph.D. dissertation of MJD. Funding was
provided by NSF (OCE-0960770 and AGS-1048995), DOE (DE-SC0002000), and
NOAA (ECPC: NA17RJ1231). Thanks to Andrew Gettelman (NCAR) for providing
information about CCSM4 runs, Alexander Gershunov (SIO) for enlightening
discussions regarding North Pacific variability, and Stephen Colucci
(Cornell University) for theoretical background on midlatitude synoptic
storms. We also thank Aneesh Subramanian (SIO) for assistance in
accessing the CCSM4 monthly run. Suggestions by three reviewers were
very useful in improving the paper.
NR 38
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 19
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 12
BP 4231
EP 4243
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00257.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 170WI
UT WOS:000320885300017
ER
PT J
AU Hershberger, PK
Purcell, MK
Hart, LM
Gregg, JL
Thompson, RL
Garver, KA
Winton, JR
AF Hershberger, P. K.
Purcell, M. K.
Hart, L. M.
Gregg, J. L.
Thompson, R. L.
Garver, K. A.
Winton, J. R.
TI Influence of temperature on viral hemorrhagic septicemia (Genogroup IVa)
in Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii Valenciennes
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gene expression; Pacific herring; Temperature; VHSV
ID NORTH-AMERICAN STRAIN; FLOUNDER PARALICHTHYS-OLIVACEUS; SALMO-GAIRDNERI
RICHARDSON; EPC CELL-LINE; RAINBOW-TROUT; VIRUS VHSV; EGTVED VIRUS;
LAKE-ONTARIO; FISH; MORTALITY
AB An inverse relationship between water temperature and susceptibility of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) to viral hemorrhagic septicemia, genogroup IVa (VHS) was indicated by controlled exposure studies where cumulative mortalities, viral shedding rates, and viral persistence in survivors were greatest at the coolest exposure temperatures. Among groups of specific pathogen-free (SPF) Pacific herring maintained at 8, 11, and 15 degrees C, cumulative mortalities after waterborne exposure to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) were 78%, 40%, and 13%, respectively. The prevalence of survivors with VHSV-positive tissues 25 d post-exposure was 64%, 16%, and 0% (at 8, 11 and 15 degrees C, respectively) with viral prevalence typically higher in brain tissues than in kidney/spleen tissue pools at each temperature. Similarly, geometric mean viral titers in brain tissues and kidney/spleen tissue pools decreased at higher temperatures, and kidney/spleen titers were generally 10-fold lower than those in brain tissues at each temperature. This inverse relationship between temperature and VHS severity was likely mediated by an enhanced immune response at the warmer temperatures, where a robust type I interferon response was indicated by rapid and significant upregulation of the herring Mx gene. The effect of relatively small temperature differences on the susceptibility of a natural host to VHS provides insights into conditions that preface periodic VHSV epizootics in wild populations throughout the NE Pacific. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hershberger, P. K.; Hart, L. M.; Gregg, J. L.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr WFRC, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
[Purcell, M. K.; Thompson, R. L.; Winton, J. R.] US Geol Survey, WFRC, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Garver, K. A.] Pacific Biol Stn, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada.
RP Hershberger, PK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr WFRC, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
EM phershberger@usgs.gov
OI Purcell, Maureen/0000-0003-0154-8433
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council [10100132-I]; Fisheries and
Aquatic Ecosystem Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey
FX Technical support was provided by S. Roon, R. Wade, J. O'Reilly (USGS -
Marrowstone Marine Field Station), and J. Woodson (USGS - WFRC). Funding
was provided by the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council, project #
10100132-I and the Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystem Resources Program of
the U.S. Geological Survey. All animal experiments were conducted under
a protocol approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
of the WFRC. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this
publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such
use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the U.S.
Department of Interior or the U.S. Geological Survey of any product or
service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. [SS]
NR 43
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 444
BP 81
EP 86
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2013.03.006
PG 6
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 165NJ
UT WOS:000320490300011
ER
PT J
AU Mkongewa, VJ
Newmark, WD
Stanley, TR
AF Mkongewa, Victor J.
Newmark, William D.
Stanley, Thomas R.
TI BREEDING BIOLOGY OF AN AFROTROPICAL FOREST UNDERSTORY BIRD COMMUNITY IN
NORTHEASTERN TANZANIA
SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Afrotropical understory forest bird community; breeding season duration;
clutch size; distance of nest from edge; egg mass; nest dimensions; nest
height
ID NESTING SUCCESS; FRAGMENTATION; PREDATION; DIVERSITY; SURVIVAL
AB Many aspects of the breeding biology of Afrotropical forest birds are poorly known. Here we provide a description based on the monitoring of 1461 active nests over eight breeding seasons about one or more aspects of the breeding biology for 28 coexisting understory bird species on the Amani Plateau in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Mean nest height and mean distance of nest from forest edge varied widely among species with most species constructing nests across a broad vertical and forest edge to interior gradient. However, there were important exceptions with all sunbird species and several dove and waxbill species constructing nests in close proximity to the forest edge. For 17 common species for which we recorded two or more active nests, mean clutch size across species was 1.9 eggs per clutch, the lowest site-specific mean clutch size yet reported for a tropical forest bird community. For nine bird species, a subset of the 17 common species, length of breeding season, defined as the difference between the earliest and latest recorded incubation onset date, ranged from 88-139 days. Most of these nine species displayed a unimodal distribution in incubation onset dates across a breeding season which extended from the end of August through middle January In summary, a wide variation exists in most aspects of the breeding biology within an understory forest bird community in the East Usambara Mountains.
C1 [Newmark, William D.] Univ Utah, Nat Hist Museum Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA.
[Stanley, Thomas R.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Newmark, WD (reprint author), Univ Utah, Nat Hist Museum Utah, 301 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA.
EM bnewmark@umnh.utah.edu
FU Earthwatch Institute; Critical Ecosystem Protection Fund; WWF-Tanzania;
US Geological Survey; Fort Collins Science Center
FX We thank M. Munissi, D. Munissi, B. Munissi, and A. Mkongewa for their
assistance in the field, Earthwatch Institute, Critical Ecosystem
Protection Fund, WWF-Tanzania, and US Geological Survey, Fort Collins
Science Center for support, and the Tanzania Commission for Science and
Technology, Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, and Amani Nature
Reserve Authority for permission to conduct research. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 21
PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 1559-4491
J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL
JI Wilson J. Ornithol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 125
IS 2
BP 260
EP 267
PG 8
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 170ZG
UT WOS:000320893300004
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JA
DeCicco, LH
Matsuoka, SM
Sowls, AL
AF Johnson, James A.
DeCicco, Lucas H.
Matsuoka, Steven M.
Sowls, Arthur L.
TI Nesting Ecology of McKay's Buntings on St. Matthew Island, Alaska
SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE McKay's Bunting; nesting ecology; Plectrophenax hyperboreus;
Plectrophenax nivalis; St. Matthew Island; Snow Bunting
ID BREEDING BIOLOGY; POPULATION-SIZE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LEAST AUKLETS; SNOW
BUNTINGS; CLUTCH SIZE; BERING-SEA; REPRODUCTION; SURVIVAL; REINDEER
AB The McKay's Bunting (Plectrophenax hyperboreus) is one of the rarest passerine species in North America and breeds solely on St. Matthew and Hall islands in the remote Bering Sea, Alaska. We examined the nesting ecology of this poorly studied species on St. Matthew Island in 1982, 1983, and 2003. We found that the high breeding density of the McKay's Bunting may account for the lower clutch size and number of young fledged per successful nest compared to its sister species, the Snow Bunting (P. nivalis). The proportion of eggs that successfully hatched was higher for McKay's Buntings than Snow Buntings breeding at other Arctic locations in North America. Daily nest survival declined during egg-laying and incubation and increased throughout the nestling period. Nesting chronology was earlier in 2003 compared to the 1980s; however, daily nest survival was similar between decades. To assess how McKay's Buntings are responding to climate-mediated changes to physical and biotic conditions, we recommend monitoring the species' reproductive rates and population size.
C1 [Johnson, James A.; DeCicco, Lucas H.; Matsuoka, Steven M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Sowls, Arthur L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Alaska Maritime Natl Wildlife Refuge, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
RP Johnson, JA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Management, 1011 East Tudor Rd,Ms 201, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM jim_a_johnson@fws.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Migratory Bird Management; Quick
Response Program, Region 7; U.S. Geological Survey's Alaska Science
Center
FX We are grateful to Daria Carl, Maksim Dementyev, David Irons, Mike
Litzow, Steve Morrell, Elaine Rhode, Dan Ruthrauff, Shelly Vacca, Maury
Ward, and Roberta Ward for providing their assistance in the field. We
thank Lee Tibbitts, Dan Ruthrauff, and Bob Gill for their help with
logistics. Heather Renner, Vern Byrd, and the staff of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife's Service's Alaska Maritime Refuge provided invaluable
logistical support. Mike Orth and the crew of the M/V Rolfy and Tom
Smith, Gary Ramos, and the crew of the R/V Alpha Helix graciously
provided transportation and accommodations to and from St. Matthew
Island, respectively. We thank Brad Andres, Myles Falconer, Jim Lyons,
Sarah Saalfeld, Dave Saalfeld, and an anonymous reviewer for improving
earlier drafts of this manuscript. This project was funded by the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service's Migratory Bird Management and Quick Response
Program, Region 7 and the U.S. Geological Survey's Alaska Science
Center. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service.
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 12
PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 1559-4491
J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL
JI Wilson J. Ornithol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 125
IS 2
BP 376
EP 384
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 170ZG
UT WOS:000320893300018
ER
PT J
AU Lafferty, KD
McLaughlin, JP
Dugan, JE
AF Lafferty, Kevin D.
McLaughlin, John P.
Dugan, Jenifer E.
TI Novel Foraging in the Swash Zone on Pacific Sand Crabs (Emerita analoga,
Hippidae) by Mallards
SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE beach; behavior; duck; foraging; Mallard; parasites
ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; ABUNDANCE; BEACH
AB Mallards (Anas platyrhytichos) have been observed foraging on intertidal Pacific sand crabs (Hippidae, Emerita analoga) in the swash zone of sandy beaches around Coal Oil Point Reserve, California, and several other beaches on the west coast since at least November 2010. Unlike foraging shorebirds, Mallards do not avoid incoming swashes. Instead, the incoming swash lifts and deposits them down the beach. Shorebirds and diving ducks commonly feed on sand crabs, but sand crabs appear to be a novel behavior and food source for Mallards. Previous surveys of beaches did not report foraging Mallards on regional beaches, whereas foraging Mallards were common in contemporary (recent) surveys and anecdotal reports. Observations of this potentially new behavior were separated by as much as 1,300 km, indicating that this was not a local phenomenon. Mallards foraged singly, in pairs, and in flocks. An expansion of diet to sand crabs carries risks of exposure to surf, human disturbance, high salt intake, and transmission of acanthocephalan and trematode parasites for Mallards but has the benefit of providing a dependable source of animal protein.
C1 [Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[McLaughlin, John P.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Lafferty, Kevin D.; Dugan, Jenifer E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Lafferty, KD (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM lafferty@lifesci.ucsb.edu
RI Lafferty, Kevin/B-3888-2009
OI Lafferty, Kevin/0000-0001-7583-4593
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 27
PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 1559-4491
J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL
JI Wilson J. Ornithol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 125
IS 2
BP 423
EP 426
PG 4
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 170ZG
UT WOS:000320893300029
ER
PT J
AU Caserta, A
Boore, DM
Rovelli, A
Govoni, A
Marra, F
Della Monica, G
Boschi, E
AF Caserta, Arrigo
Boore, David M.
Rovelli, Antonio
Govoni, Aladino
Marra, Fabrizio
Della Monica, Giuseppe
Boschi, Enzo
TI Ground Motions Recorded in Rome during the April 2009 L'Aquila Seismic
Sequence: Site Response and Comparison with Ground-Motion Predictions
Based on a Global Dataset
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID AVERAGE HORIZONTAL COMPONENT; AGGRADATIONAL SECTIONS; EARTHQUAKE;
EQUATIONS; SURFACE; WAVES; MICROTREMOR; SEDIMENTS; SPECTRA; DENSITY
AB The mainshock and moderate-magnitude aftershocks of the 6 April 2009 M 6.3 L'Aquila seismic sequence, about 90 km northeast of Rome, provided the first earthquake ground-motion recordings in the urban area of Rome. Before those recordings were obtained, the assessments of the seismic hazard in Rome were based on intensity observations and theoretical considerations. The L'Aquila recordings offer an unprecedented opportunity to calibrate the city response to central Apennine earthquakes-earthquakes that have been responsible for the largest damage to Rome in historical times. Using the data recorded in Rome in April 2009, we show that (1) published theoretical predictions of a 1 s resonance in the Tiber valley are confirmed by observations showing a significant amplitude increase in response spectra at that period, (2) the empirical soil-transfer functions inferred from spectral ratios are satisfactorily fit through 1D models using the available geological, geophysical, and laboratory data, but local variability can be large for individual events, (3) response spectra for the motions recorded in Rome from the L'Aquila earthquakes are significantly amplified in the radial component at periods near 1 s, even at a firm site on volcanic rocks, and (4) short-period response spectra are smaller than expected when compared to ground-motion predictions from equations based on a global dataset, whereas the observed response spectra are higher than expected for periods near 1 s.
C1 [Caserta, Arrigo; Rovelli, Antonio; Govoni, Aladino; Marra, Fabrizio] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, I-00143 Rome, Italy.
[Boore, David M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Della Monica, Giuseppe] Univ Roma TRE, Dept Phys, I-00146 Rome, Italy.
[Boschi, Enzo] Univ Bologna, Dept Phys, Sect Geophys, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
RP Caserta, A (reprint author), Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Via Vigna Murata 605, I-00143 Rome, Italy.
RI Govoni, Aladino/G-4139-2011; Boschi, Enzo/B-4211-2011
OI Govoni, Aladino/0000-0002-0017-5260; Boschi, Enzo/0000-0003-0527-9664
FU FIRB [RBAU01JMT3]; COFIN [2004041297_002]; Charles University in Prague
(Czech Republic) [GACR 205/07/0502, MSM 0021620860]
FX Seismograms used in this study were collected thanks to funds provided
by the projects FIRB 2002-2205 (code: RBAU01JMT3) and COFIN 2004-2005
(code: 2004041297_002). The authors wish to thank Francesco Basile for
his help in the field. We benefitted from conversations with and
Giovanna Calderoni, Fabrizio Cara, Giuliana Mele, Carlo Meletti,
Giuliano Milana, Ivo Oprsal, Shri K. Singh, Chris Stephens, and Jiri
Zahradnik, all of whom provided useful suggestions for our work. Part of
the research activities were carried on by one of the authors (A.C.) for
his PhD thesis at the Charles University in Prague (Czech Republic),
with support from the projects GACR 205/07/0502 and MSM 0021620860. We
thank Gabriele Ameri, Joe Fletcher, William Stephenson, and an anonymous
reviewer for their thoughtful and constructive reviews of the
manuscript.
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 10
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 3
BP 1860
EP 1874
DI 10.1785/0120120153
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 160FH
UT WOS:000320102100016
ER
PT J
AU Baker, JW
Abrahamson, NA
Whitney, JW
Board, MP
Hanks, TC
AF Baker, Jack W.
Abrahamson, Norman A.
Whitney, John W.
Board, Mark P.
Hanks, Thomas C.
TI Use of Fragile Geologic Structures as Indicators of Unexceeded Ground
Motions and Direct Constraints on Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID PRECARIOUSLY BALANCED ROCKS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; YUCCA MOUNTAIN; NGA
PROJECT; NEVADA; EARTHQUAKE; MODELS
AB We present a quantitative procedure for constraining probabilistic seismic hazard analysis results at a given site, based on the existence of fragile geologic structures at that site. We illustrate this procedure by analyzing precarious rocks and undamaged lithophysae at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The key metric is the probability that the feature would have survived to the present day, assuming that the hazard results are correct. If the fragile geologic structure has an extremely low probability of having survived (which would be inconsistent with the observed survival of the structure), then the calculations illustrate how much the hazard would have to be reduced to result in a nonnegligible survival probability. The calculations are able to consider structures the predicted failure probabilities of which are a function of one or more ground-motion parameters, as well as structures that either rapidly or slowly evolved to their current state over time. These calculations are the only way to validate seismic hazard curves over long periods of time.
C1 [Baker, Jack W.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Abrahamson, Norman A.] Pacific Gas & Elect Co, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA.
[Whitney, John W.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Board, Mark P.] Itasca Consulting Grp Inc, Minneapolis, MN 55401 USA.
[Hanks, Thomas C.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94305 USA.
RP Baker, JW (reprint author), Stanford Univ, 473 Via Ortega MC 4020, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
OI Baker, Jack/0000-0003-2744-9599
FU PGE/DOE [DE-FC28-05RW12358]
FX This work was funded by the PG&E/DOE cooperative agreement: Development
and Verification of an Improved Model for Extreme Ground Motions
Produced by Earthquakes (DOE Award Number DE-FC28-05RW12358). We
acknowledge Allin Cornell for the vision provided by his early ideas on
this topic and thank the other members of the Extreme Ground Motions
Project Executive Committee (Jon Ake, David Boore, Jim Brune, Bob
Budnitz, Lloyd Cluff, Doug Duncan, Russell Dyer, Charles Fairhurst,
Woody Savage) for their many contributions to the project. We thank
Steve Day, Art Frankel, Anna Olsen, and Mark Stirling for helpful
comments on this work. We thank Matt Purvance for the photograph of PBR
Matt-Cubed.
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 7
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 3
BP 1898
EP 1911
DI 10.1785/0120120202
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 160FH
UT WOS:000320102100018
ER
PT J
AU Moreira, LP
Friedel, MJ
Franca, GS
AF Moreira, Lucas P.
Friedel, Michael J.
Franca, George S.
TI Uncertainty Analysis in the Joint Inversion of Receiver Function and
Surface-Wave Dispersion, Parana Basin, Southeast Brazil
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID TELESEISMIC BODY-WAVES; PREDICTION INTERVALS; GENETIC ALGORITHM;
WATERSHED MODEL; SE BRAZIL; DECONVOLUTION; CONSTRAINTS; CALIBRATION;
TOMOGRAPHY; CONFIDENCE
AB The joint inversion of receiver function (RF) and surface-wave dispersion data is popular because it reduces the nonuniqueness of the modeled subsurface-seismic velocities. Whereas various inverse procedures have been used in joint subsurface imaging, the evaluation of uncertainties in the estimated parameter distribution is usually overlooked or considered qualitatively. We present a quantitative method for determination of uncertainty in velocity models estimated by the joint inversion of RF and surface-wave data by using the prediction of each observation sample to map the objective-function surface and create a statistical distribution of estimated model parameters. The proposed methodology is evaluated in a controlled test using synthetic data simulating a realistic shear-wave velocity model. We then apply the method to field data recorded at the POPB seismic station in the Parana Basin, southeast Brazil. The respective range of uncertainty for modeled S-wave velocity distributions in the synthetic and field tests were 0.111-0.412 km/s (2.5%-9.2%), and 0.110-0.341 km/s (2.5%-7.9%).
C1 [Moreira, Lucas P.; Franca, George S.] Univ Brasilia, Inst Geosci, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
[Friedel, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Imaging & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Friedel, Michael J.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Computat & Math Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA.
RP Moreira, LP (reprint author), Univ Brasilia, Inst Geosci, Univ Campus Darcy Ribeiro, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
EM lucasmoreira@unb.br
RI Franca, George/F-9931-2012; Fraser, Stephen/A-8219-2008
OI Franca, George/0000-0002-2694-5868; Fraser, Stephen/0000-0002-0856-5300
FU CAPES; CAPES/Fulbright Grant [23038.034805/2009-71]; CNPq
FX We especially thank Feng Mei and Marcelo Assumpcao for the surface-wave
dispersion curves and Burke Minsley for revising the manuscript. LM was
fully supported by CAPES and CAPES/Fulbright Grant Number
23038.034805/2009-71. George Sand Franca thank CNPq for his PQ Grants.
The authors thank anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and
suggestions.
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 3
BP 1981
EP 1992
DI 10.1785/0120120167
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 160FH
UT WOS:000320102100024
ER
PT J
AU Belnap, J
Wilcox, BP
Van Scoyoc, MW
Phillips, SL
AF Belnap, Jayne
Wilcox, Bradford P.
Van Scoyoc, Matthew W.
Phillips, Susan L.
TI Successional stage of biological soil crusts: an accurate indicator of
ecohydrological condition
SO ECOHYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE runoff; infiltration; erosion; Colorado Plateau; RHEM; desert; dryland
hydrologic cycles
ID RAIN-IMPACTED FLOW; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROPHYTIC CRUSTS; CALCAREOUS
SOILS; PINYON-JUNIPER; WATER EROSION; NEGEV DESERT; RUNOFF; DISTURBANCE;
RANGELANDS
AB Biological soil crusts are a key component of many dryland ecosystems. Following disturbance, biological soil crusts will recover in stages. Recently, a simple classification of these stages has been developed, largely on the basis of external features of the crusts, which reflects their level of development (LOD). The classification system has six LOD classes, from low (1) to high (6). To determine whether the LOD of a crust is related to its ecohydrological function, we used rainfall simulation to evaluate differences in infiltration, runoff, and erosion among crusts in the various LODs, across a range of soil depths and with different wetting pre-treatments. We found large differences between the lowest and highest LODs, with runoff and erosion being greatest from the lowest LOD. Under dry antecedent conditions, about 50% of the water applied ran off the lowest LOD plots, whereas less than 10% ran off the plots of the two highest LODs. Similarly, sediment loss was 400gm-2 from the lowest LOD and almost zero from the higher LODs. We scaled up the results from these simulations using the Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model. Modelling results indicate that erosion increases dramatically as slope length and gradient increase, especially beyond the threshold values of 10m for slope length and 10% for slope gradient. Our findings confirm that the LOD classification is a quick, easy, nondestructive, and accurate index of hydrological condition and should be incorporated in field and modelling assessments of ecosystem health. Published in 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
[Wilcox, Bradford P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Van Scoyoc, Matthew W.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Phillips, Susan L.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
RP Belnap, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
EM jayne_belnap@usgs.gov
FU National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program; US Geological
Survey
FX We are grateful to all the technicians, especially Philip Adams, who
assisted in this project. Funding was provided by the National Park
Service Inventory and Monitoring Program, as well as the US Geological
Survey. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 35
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 69
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1936-0584
J9 ECOHYDROLOGY
JI Ecohydrology
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 3
BP 474
EP 482
DI 10.1002/eco.1281
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 165FQ
UT WOS:000320469000014
ER
PT J
AU Spencer, JE
Patchett, PJ
Pearthree, PA
House, PK
Sarna-Wojcicki, AM
Wan, E
Roskowski, JA
Faulds, JE
AF Spencer, Jon E.
Patchett, P. Jonathan
Pearthree, Philip A.
House, P. Kyle
Sarna-Wojcicki, Andrei M.
Wan, Elmira
Roskowski, Jennifer A.
Faulds, James E.
TI Review and analysis of the age and origin of the Pliocene Bouse
Formation, lower Colorado River Valley, southwestern USA
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Review
ID GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; WESTERN ARIZONA; UNITED-STATES; SEA-LEVEL; UPLIFT;
SR; FORAMINIFERA; PLATEAU; NEVADA; SEAWATER
AB The lower Pliocene Bouse Formation in the lower Colorado River Valley (southwestern USA) consists of basal marl and dense tufa overlain by siltstone and fine sandstone. It is locally overlain by and interbedded with sands derived from the Colorado River. We briefly review Sr-87/Sr-86 analyses of Bouse carbonates and shells and carbonate and gypsum of similar age east of Las Vegas that indicate that all of these strata are isotopically similar to modern Colorado River water. We also review and add new data that are consistent with a step in Bouse Formation maximum elevations from 330 m south of Topock Gorge to 555 m to the north. New geochemical data from glass shards in a volcanic ash bed within the Bouse Formation, and from an ash bed within similar deposits in Bristol Basin west of the Colorado River Valley, indicate correlation of the two ash beds and coeval submergence of both areas. The tuff bed is identified as the 4.83 Ma Lawlor Tuff derived from the San Francisco Bay region. We conclude, as have some others, that the Bouse Formation was deposited in lakes produced by first-arriving Colorado River water that entered closed basins inherited from Basin and Range extension, and estimate that first arrival of river water occurred ca. 4.9 Ma. If this interpretation is correct, addition of Bristol Basin to the Blythe Basin inundation area means that river discharge was sufficient to fill and spill a lake with an area of similar to 10,000 km(2). For spillover to occur, evaporation rates must have been significantly less in early Pliocene time than modern rates of similar to 2-4 m/yr, and/or Colorado River discharge was significantly greater than the current similar to 15 km(3)/yr. In this lacustrine interpretation, evaporation rates were sufficient to concentrate salts to levels that were hospitable to some marine organisms presumably introduced by birds.
C1 [Spencer, Jon E.; Pearthree, Philip A.] Arizona Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85704 USA.
[Patchett, P. Jonathan; Roskowski, Jennifer A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[House, P. Kyle] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Sarna-Wojcicki, Andrei M.; Wan, Elmira] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Faulds, James E.] Univ Nevada, Mackay Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Nevada Bur Mines & Geol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Spencer, JE (reprint author), Arizona Geol Survey, 416 W Congress St,100, Tucson, AZ 85704 USA.
EM jon.spencer@azgs.az.gov; patchett@email.arizona.edu;
phil.pearthree@azgs.az.gov; khouse@usgs.gov; asarna@usgs.gov;
ewan@usgs.gov; jen.roskowski@gmail.com; jfaulds@unr.edu
NR 66
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U1 1
U2 13
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 9
IS 3
BP 444
EP 459
DI 10.1130/GES00896.1
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 168JQ
UT WOS:000320702100004
ER
PT J
AU Jury, MR
Funk, C
AF Jury, Mark R.
Funk, Chris
TI Climatic trends over Ethiopia: regional signals and drivers
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ethiopia; climate change; regional trend patterns
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SCALE ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; JUNE-SEPTEMBER
RAINFALL; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; INDIAN-OCEAN; SAHEL RAINFALL; TROPICAL
ATLANTIC; FOOD SECURITY; SEASONAL RAINFALL; SULFATE AEROSOLS
AB This study analyses observed and projected climatic trends over Ethiopia, through analysis of temperature and rainfall records and related meteorological fields. The observed datasets include gridded station records and reanalysis products; while projected trends are analysed from coupled model simulations drawn from the IPCC 4th Assessment. Upward trends in air temperature of + 0.03 degrees C year-1 and downward trends in rainfall of - 0.4 mm month-1 year-1 have been observed over Ethiopia's southwestern region in the period 1948-2006. These trends are projected to continue to 2050 according to the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Lab model using the A1B scenario. Large scale forcing derives from the West Indian Ocean where significant warming and increased rainfall are found. Anticyclonic circulations have strengthened over northern and southern Africa, limiting moisture transport from the Gulf of Guinea and Congo. Changes in the regional Walker and Hadley circulations modulate the observed and projected climatic trends. Comparing past and future patterns, the key features spread westward from Ethiopia across the Sahel and serve as an early warning of potential impacts. Copyright (c) 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Jury, Mark R.] Univ Zululand, Kwa Dlangezwa, Zululand, South Africa.
[Jury, Mark R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys, Mayaguez, PR USA.
[Funk, Chris] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, US Geol Survey, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Jury, MR (reprint author), Univ Zululand, Kwa Dlangezwa, Zululand, South Africa.
EM mark.jury@upr.edu
FU US Agency for International Development's Famine Early Warning System
Network; NASA [NNH06ZDA001N-PMM]
FX The lead author thanks Arba Minch University, Ethiopia, for stimulating
this research. The second author received support from the US Agency for
International Development's Famine Early Warning System Network and NASA
Precipitation science grant NNH06ZDA001N-PMM and thanks Tufa Dinku and
Mellese Lemma for their guidance.
NR 93
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U1 5
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 8
BP 1924
EP 1935
DI 10.1002/joc.3560
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 164HG
UT WOS:000320399300008
ER
PT J
AU French, WE
Graeb, BDS
Bertrand, KN
Chipps, SR
Klumb, RA
AF French, William E.
Graeb, Brian D. S.
Bertrand, Katie N.
Chipps, Steven R.
Klumb, Robert A.
TI Size-Dependent Trophic Patterns of Pallid Sturgeon and Shovelnose
Sturgeon in a Large River System
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE pallid sturgeon; shovelnose sturgeon; stable isotopes; trophic position
ID STABLE-ISOTOPE EVIDENCE; MISSOURI RIVER; SCAPHIRHYNCHUS-PLATORYNCHUS;
SOUTH-DAKOTA; YELLOWSTONE RIVERS; NITROGEN ISOTOPES; MISSISSIPPI RIVER;
FEEDING PATTERNS; DIET COMPOSITION; LIFE-HISTORY
AB This study compared patterns of delta N-15 and delta C-13 enrichment of pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus and shovelnose sturgeon S. platorynchus in the Missouri River, United States, to infer their trophic position in a large river system. We examined enrichment and energy flow for pallid sturgeon in three segments of the Missouri River (Montana/North Dakota, Nebraska/South Dakota, and Nebraska/Iowa) and made comparisons between species in the two downstream segments (Nebraska/South Dakota and Nebraska/Iowa). Patterns in isotopic composition for pallid sturgeon were consistent with gut content analyses indicating an ontogenetic diet shift from invertebrates to fish prey at sizes of >500-mm fork length (FL) in all three segments of the Missouri River. Isotopic patterns revealed shovelnose sturgeon did not experience an ontogenetic shift in diet and used similar prey resources as small (<500-mm FL) pallid sturgeon in the two downstream segments. We found stable isotope analysis to be an effective tool for evaluating the trophic position of sturgeons within a large river food web.
C1 [French, William E.; Graeb, Brian D. S.; Bertrand, Katie N.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Northern Plains Biostress Lab, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Chipps, Steven R.] South Dakota State Univ Brookings, Dept Nat Resource Management, US Geol Survey, South Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Klumb, Robert A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Great Plains Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Pierre, SC 57501 USA.
RP French, WE (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Northern Plains Biostress Lab, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM Fren0104@umn.edu
RI Bertrand, Katie/A-5902-2012
OI Bertrand, Katie/0000-0001-8453-6758
FU Missouri River Recovery Program, Omaha and Kansas City Districts of the
U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, Northwestern Division
FX We thank the following for assistance in the field: Ryan Wilson, Everett
Nelson, and Zac Sandness (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Missouri River
Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, Bismarck, North Dakota), Dane
Shuman, Greg Wanner, and Steve Heutmaker (U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Great Plains Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, Pierre,
South Dakota), and Kirk Steffensen and Marty Hamel (Nebraska Game and
Parks Commission, Lincoln, Nebraska). We also thank the Journal Subject
Editor and three anonymous reviewers for comments on a previous version
of this manuscript. All animals used in this study were handled
according to animal use and care guidelines established by South Dakota
State University (Animal Welfare Assurance no. A3958-01). Funding for
this project was provided by the Missouri River Recovery Program, Omaha
and Kansas City Districts of the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers,
Northwestern Division. Andrew Wuestewald helped with sample preparation
in the laboratory.
NR 57
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U1 2
U2 20
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 41
EP 52
DI 10.3996/022012-JFWM-013
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700004
ER
PT J
AU Tidwell, PR
Webb, EB
Vrtiska, MP
Bishop, AA
AF Tidwell, Paul R.
Webb, Elisabeth B.
Vrtiska, Mark P.
Bishop, Andrew A.
TI Diets and Food Selection of Female Mallards and Blue-Winged Teal During
Spring Migration
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Anas; blue-winged teal; diet; food selection; mallard; Rainwater Basin;
spring migration
ID MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; FEEDING ECOLOGY; RAINWATER BASIN; DABBLING
DUCKS; BODY-MASS; METABOLIZABLE ENERGY; NUTRIENT RESERVES; WETLAND
BIRDS; HABITAT USE; WOOD DUCKS
AB Waterfowl nutritional requirements and food availability at migration stopover habitats may differ from those at nesting or wintering areas. Although there is little information on factors that influence waterfowl diets and food selection during migration, we hypothesized that bird age and wetland density in the surrounding landscape would influence food selection. Thus, the objective of this study was to quantify mallard Anas platyrhynchos and blue-winged teal Anas discors diets during migration and evaluate effects of age and wetland density on waterfowl food selection. We collected 30 mallards and 29 blue-winged teal with food items present in esophagi from wetlands in south-central Nebraska during spring 2008 and 2009. Smartweed Polygonum spp. and barnyard grass Echinochloa spp. were the most common seeds found in both mallards and blue-winged teal, while Naididae and Chironomidae larvae were the most common invertebrates in mallard and blue-winged teal diets, respectively. Invertebrates were consumed by both species in greater proportion than available. Both mallards and blue-winged teal collected in wetland complexes selected some seeds over others, whereas birds in isolated wetlands foraged on foods in proportion to availability. After-hatch-year mallards also selected for some seeds over others, as compared with hatch-year birds, which foraged opportunistically on available foods. If after-hatch-year birds and birds in wetland complexes are able to be more selective in their diets relative to food availability at individual wetlands, they may be able to acquire and replenish lipids reserves more efficiently than hatch-year birds or birds in areas with lower wetland densities.
C1 [Tidwell, Paul R.; Webb, Elisabeth B.] Arkansas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Russellville, AR 72801 USA.
[Vrtiska, Mark P.] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA.
[Bishop, Andrew A.] Rainwater Basin Joint Venture, Grand Isl, NE 68801 USA.
RP Webb, EB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, US Geol Survey, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM webbli@missouri.edu
FU RWBJV; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; Arkansas Tech University;
Missouri Department of Conservation; University of Missouri; U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Wildlife Management
Institute
FX We thank C. Ford and Boon for assisting with data collection and R.
Grosse for technical assistance with GIS. We are also grateful to the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Rainwater Basin Wetland Management
District for providing access to their properties. This study was funded
through the RWBJV, Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, and Arkansas Tech
University. J. Fleskes, H. Hagy, D. Haukos, and T. Nupp provided helpful
comments that improved this manuscript. The Missouri Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the Missouri
Department of Conservation, the University of Missouri, the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the Wildlife
Management Institute.
NR 84
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U1 11
U2 68
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 63
EP 74
DI 10.3996/072012-JFWM-062
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700006
ER
PT J
AU Lellis, WA
White, BS
Cole, JC
Johnson, CS
Devers, JL
Gray, EV
Galbraith, HS
AF Lellis, William A.
White, Barbara St. John
Cole, Jeffrey C.
Johnson, Connie S.
Devers, Julie L.
Gray, Ellen van Snik
Galbraith, Heather S.
TI Newly Documented Host Fishes for the Eastern Elliptio Mussel Elliptio
complanata
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE American eel; eastern elliptio; Elliptio complanata; glochidia; host
fish; life history; Unionidae
ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; PERCA FLAVESCENS; LIFE-HISTORY; YELLOW PERCH; LAKE
ONTARIO; GLOCHIDIA; UNIONIDAE; BIVALVIA; POPULATIONS; ABUNDANCE
AB The eastern elliptio Elliptio complanata is a common, abundant, and ecologically important freshwater mussel that occurs throughout the Atlantic Slope drainage in the United States and Canada. Previous research has shown E. complanata glochidia to be host fish generalists, parasitizing yellow perch Perca flavescens, banded killifish Fundulus diaphanus, banded sculpin Cottus carolinae, and seven centrarchid species. Past laboratory studies have been conducted in the Midwest; however, glochidia used in these studies were obtained from adult mussels in the Great Lakes or St. Lawrence River basins, or glochidia sources were not reported. The objective of this study was to identify host fishes for E. complanata from streams in the Mid-Atlantic region. We used artificial laboratory infections to test host suitability of 38 fish and 2 amphibian species with E. complanata glochidia from the Chesapeake Bay drainage. Glochidia successfully metamorphosed into juvenile mussels on five fish species: American eel Anguilla rostrata, brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, lake trout Salvelinus namaycush, mottled sculpin Cottus bairdii, and slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus. American eel was the most effective host, yielding the highest overall metamorphosis success (percentage of attached glochidia that transformed into juvenile mussels; >= 0.90) and producing 13.2 juveniles per fish overall. No juvenile E. complanata metamorphosed on other fish or amphibian species tested, including many previously identified host fishes that appear in the literature. Reasons for discrepancies in published host fish could include geographic variation in host use across the species' range, differences in host use between lentic and lotic populations, or poorly resolved taxonomy within the genus Elliptio.
C1 [Lellis, William A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[White, Barbara St. John; Cole, Jeffrey C.; Johnson, Connie S.; Gray, Ellen van Snik; Galbraith, Heather S.] US Geol Survey, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
[Devers, Julie L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
RP White, BS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 176 Straight Run Rd, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
EM stjohn.white@gmail.com
NR 51
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U1 2
U2 21
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 75
EP 85
DI 10.3996/102012-JFWM-094
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700007
ER
PT J
AU Hightower, JE
Magowan, KJ
Brown, LM
Fox, DA
AF Hightower, Joseph E.
Magowan, Kevin J.
Brown, Lori M.
Fox, Dewayne A.
TI Reliability of Fish Size Estimates Obtained From Multibeam Imaging Sonar
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE multibeam; sonar; sturgeon; DIDSON
ID DIDSON; PRECISION; ACCURACY; RIVER; IMAGES
AB Multibeam imaging sonars have considerable potential for use in fisheries surveys because the video-like images are easy to interpret, and they contain information about fish size, shape, and swimming behavior, as well as characteristics of occupied habitats. We examined images obtained using a dual-frequency identification sonar (DIDSON) multibeam sonar for Atlantic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus, striped bass Morone saxatilis, white perch M. americana, and channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus of known size (20-141 cm) to determine the reliability of length estimates. For ranges up to 11 m, percent measurement error (sonar estimate - total length)/total length x 100 varied by species but was not related to the fish's range or aspect angle (orientation relative to the sonar beam). Least-square mean percent error was significantly different from 0.0 for Atlantic sturgeon ((x) over bar = -8.34, SE = 2.39) and white perch ((x) over bar = 14.48, SE = 3.99) but not striped bass ((x) over bar = 3.71, SE = 2.58) or channel catfish ((x) over bar = 3.97, SE = 5.16). Underestimating lengths of Atlantic sturgeon may be due to difficulty in detecting the snout or the longer dorsal lobe of the heterocercal tail. White perch was the smallest species tested, and it had the largest percent measurement errors (both positive and negative) and the lowest percentage of images classified as good or acceptable. Automated length estimates for the four species using Echoview software varied with position in the view-field. Estimates tended to be low at more extreme azimuthal angles (fish's angle off-axis within the view-field), but mean and maximum estimates were highly correlated with total length. Software estimates also were biased by fish images partially outside the view-field and when acoustic crosstalk occurred (when a fish perpendicular to the sonar and at relatively close range is detected in the side lobes of adjacent beams). These sources of bias are apparent when files are processed manually and can be filtered out when producing automated software estimates. Multibeam sonar estimates of fish size should be useful for research and management if these potential sources of bias and imprecision are addressed.
C1 [Hightower, Joseph E.] N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Biol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Magowan, Kevin J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Brown, Lori M.; Fox, Dewayne A.] Delaware State Univ, Dept Agr & Nat Resources, Dover, DE 19901 USA.
RP Hightower, JE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Biol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM jhightower@ncsu.edu
FU North Carolina State University; North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission; U.S. Geological Survey; Wildlife Management Institute
FX The North Carolina Cooperative Fisheries and Wildlife Research Unit is
jointly supported by North Carolina State University, North Carolina
Wildlife Resources Commission, U.S. Geological Survey, and Wildlife
Management Institute.
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 33
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 86
EP 96
DI 10.3996/102011-JFWM-061
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700008
ER
PT J
AU Vyas, NB
Hulse, CS
Meteyer, CU
Rice, CP
AF Vyas, Nimish B.
Hulse, Craig S.
Meteyer, Carol U.
Rice, Clifford P.
TI Evidence of Songbird Intoxication From Rozol (R) Application at a
Black-Tailed Prairie Dog Colony
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE anticoagulant; chlorophacinone; rodenticide; songbird
ID ANTICOAGULANT RODENTICIDES; TOXICITY; WILDLIFE; DIPHACINONE; STRYCHNINE
AB Concerns about avian poisonings from anticoagulant rodenticides have traditionally focused on secondary poisoning of raptors exposed by feeding on contaminated mammalian prey. However, ground foraging songbirds can be directly poisoned from operational applications of the anticoagulant rodenticide Rozol (R) (0.005% chlorophacinone, active ingredient) applied as a grain bait, at black-tailed prairie dog Cynomys ludovicianus colonies. A dead western meadowlark Sturnella neglecta recovered from the study prairie dog colony displayed hemorrhaging in brain and pectoral muscle tissue, and it contained chlorophacinone residue concentrations of 0.59 and 0.49 mu g/g (wet weight) in the liver and intestinal contents, respectively. Chlorophacinone residues from two Rozol-colored songbird droppings found at the study colony were 0.09 and 0.46 mu g/g (wet weight). The timing of the meadowlark mortality and the occurrence of discolored droppings show that songbird exposure and poisoning can occur weeks after a Rozol application.
C1 [Vyas, Nimish B.; Hulse, Craig S.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Meteyer, Carol U.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Rice, Clifford P.] USDA ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Vyas, NB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville Lab, BARC East Bldg 308,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM nvyas@usgs.gov
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 17
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 97
EP 103
DI 10.3996/052012-JFWM-042
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700009
ER
PT J
AU Olson, DE
Paiya, M
AF Olson, Douglas E.
Paiya, Michael
TI An Evaluation of Rearing Densities to Improve Growth and Survival of
Hatchery Spring Chinook Salmon
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Chinook salmon; growth; hatchery; rearing density; survival;
temperature; volitional release
ID NATIONAL FISH HATCHERY; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; JUVENILE SALMONIDS;
WATER TEMPERATURE; WASHINGTON-STATE; COLUMBIA RIVER; PACIFIC-SALMON;
RELEASE; STEELHEAD; SMOLTIFICATION
AB We evaluated growth and survival of spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha reared at varying densities at Warm Springs National Fish Hatchery, Oregon. For three consecutive brood years, density treatments consisted of low, medium, and high groups in 57.8-m(3) raceways with approximately 16,000, 24,000, and 32,000 fish/raceway, respectively. Fish were volitionally released in both the autumn and spring to mimic the downstream migration timing of the endemic wild spring Chinook salmon stock. Just prior to the autumn release, the rearing density estimate was 4.24 kg/m(3) for the low-density group, 6.27 kg/m(3) for the medium-density group, and 8.42 kg/m(3) for the high-density group. While weight gain did not differ among density treatments (P = 0.72), significant differences were found in median fork length (P < 0.001) for fish reared at different densities. Fish reared at high density exhibited the highest on-hatchery mortality rate during two brood years; however, differences in mortality rate among densities were not significant (P = 0.20). In one brood year, adult recovery rates appeared to support the hypothesis that lower initial densities improved postrelease survival (P < 0.01). All rearing densities utilized in this evaluation were relatively low and may partially explain why more differences were not readily apparent among density groups. In addition, the volitional release was a confounding factor in our study because we were unable to quantify the number of fish released in the autumn.
C1 [Olson, Douglas E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Paiya, Michael] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Warm Springs Natl Fish Hatchery, Warm Springs, OR 97761 USA.
RP Olson, DE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, 1211 SE Cardinal Court,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM doug_olson@fws.gov
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 18
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 114
EP 123
DI 10.3996/042010-JFWM-009
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700011
ER
PT J
AU Wilcox, TM
Webb, MAH
AF Wilcox, Taylor M.
Webb, Molly A. H.
TI Cannibalism of Embryos and Larvae by Adult Woundfin in Intensive
Culture: Application to Conservation Propagation
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Plagopterus argentissimus; predation; woundfin
AB Woundfin Plagopterus argentissimus are a small, endangered cyprinid native to the Colorado River basin. Woundfin occur only in the Virgin River in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada, and habitat degradation and competition with invasive species threaten their survival. Three facilities raise woundfin in captivity for use in conservation propagation projects. A suspected limiting factor to pond culture production of woundfin is cannibalistic predation on embryos and larvae. We experimentally measured rates of predation on embryos and larvae by adult woundfin at the Bozeman Fish Technology Center in Montana. Predation was a significant source of mortality on both embryos (W = 210, P < 0.001) and larvae (W = 45, P = 0.004). These rates of predation could translate into the loss of thousands of fish over the course of a spawning season at the conservation propagation facilities. We recommend removing embryos from spawning ponds and rearing them in separate tanks or ponds to reduce predation loss.
C1 [Wilcox, Taylor M.; Webb, Molly A. H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Webb, MAH (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, 4050 Bridger Canyon Rd, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM molly_webb@fws.gov
FU Virgin River Recovery Program
FX The authors wish to thank Cal Fraser (Bozeman Fish Technology Center),
Manuel Ulibarri (Southwestern Native Aquatic Resources and Recovery
Center), Zane Olsen (Wahweap State Fish Hatchery), and Matt O'Neill
(Bubbling Ponds Native Fish Conservation Facility) for their expertise
in woundfin culture; Luke Holmquist, Sierra Alexander, and Brittany
Buchholz for assistance with spawning woundfin; Daniel Drinan for
statistical assistance; and Daniel Drinan, Robert Muth and Matt O'Neill
for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. This
manuscript was also improved by the comments from Jan Dean, two
anonymous reviewers, and the journal Subject Editor. This study was
funded by the Virgin River Recovery Program.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 8
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 124
EP 128
DI 10.3996/042012-JFWM-029
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700012
ER
PT J
AU Jolley, JC
Albin, ES
Kaemingk, MA
Willis, DW
AF Jolley, Jeffrey C.
Albin, Emily S.
Kaemingk, Mark A.
Willis, David W.
TI A Survey of Aquatic Invertebrate Communities in Nebraska Sandhill Lakes
Reveals Potential Alternative Ecosystem States
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Sandhill lakes; aquatic invertebrate; zooplankton; phytoplankton;
alternative stable state; ecosystem; hysteresis
ID WATER-LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS; SHALLOW LAKES; STABLE STATES; YELLOW PERCH;
FISH PREDATION; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; ZOOPLANKTON BIOMASS; PRAIRIE
WETLANDS; FATHEAD MINNOWS; NORTHERN PIKE
AB Aquatic invertebrate communities are important to shallow lake ecosystem form and function, providing vital components to the food web and thereby important to achieving lake management goals. We characterized lake invertebrate communities and physicochemical variables in six Nebraska Sandhill lakes and examined these characteristics within an alternative stable state framework. Surveys were conducted during 2005 within each of these lakes by sampling aquatic macroinvertebrate abundance, zooplankton abundance and biomass, phytoplankton biomass, and physicochemical variables. When placed within an alternative stable state framework, the response variables exhibited a gradient of different ecosystem states. Two lakes appeared congruent with the clear water state (dense submergent vegetation, high invertebrate abundance and diversity, and low phytoplankton), two lakes were congruent with the turbid water state (high phytoplankton, low vegetation coverage, and low invertebrate abundance and diversity), and two lakes were intermediate, likely in a state of hysteresis (i.e., multiple states under equal environmental conditions). Principal component groupings further supported these findings by following similar lake-specific patterns with attributes of each stable state grouping meaningfully according to the observed lake states. The lakes contained varied fish communities, potentially influencing many measured metrics, through a top-down mechanism. Generally, lakes dominated by piscivorous fish displayed the clear water state, whereas lakes with abundant planktivores displayed the turbid water state. Shallow lakes containing dense invertebrate communities likely provide a rich food base to important fauna (migratory waterfowl) that aid in reaching desired management objectives for these systems. Multiple small lakes, in proximity, displaying divergent ecosystem states invites the opportunity for more in-depth analyses of driving mechanisms that will undoubtedly add to our ability to effectively manage these systems in the future.
C1 [Jolley, Jeffrey C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Kaemingk, Mark A.; Willis, David W.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Jolley, JC (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, 1211 SE Cardinal Court, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM jeffrey_jolley@fws.gov
FU Nebraska Game and Parks Commission [F-118-R]
FX Funding for this project was provided by the Nebraska Game and Parks
Commission through Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Project
F-118-R. Funding for this project was provided by the Nebraska Game and
Parks Commission through Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Project
F-118-R.
NR 88
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 40
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 151
EP 162
DI 10.3996/082012-JFWM-072
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700017
ER
PT J
AU Van Haverbeke, DR
Stone, DM
Coggins, LG
Pillow, MJ
AF Van Haverbeke, David R.
Stone, Dennis M.
Coggins, Lewis G., Jr.
Pillow, Michael J.
TI Long-Term Monitoring of an Endangered Desert Fish and Factors
Influencing Population Dynamics
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE humpback chub; Gila cypha; mark-recapture; Little Colorado River; Grand
Canyon; desert rivers and streams
ID NET CATCH RATES; COLORADO RIVER; GRAND-CANYON; HUMPBACK CHUB; NATIVE
FISHES; GILA-CYPHA; BLUEHEAD SUCKER; ARIZONA; TEMPERATURE; CATOSTOMIDAE
AB The lower perennial corridor of the Little Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, is numerically dominated by endemic desert fishes and therefore significant for conservation of these species. From 2000 to 2012, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service conducted monitoring of native fishes in the Little Colorado River near its confluence with the Colorado River. The primary focus of these efforts was to estimate the spring and fall abundance of native fishes, especially the federally endangered humpback chub Gila cypha. Because humpback chub in Grand Canyon are influenced by operations of Glen Canyon Dam, our efforts provide managers of the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program with abundance estimates and trends of humpback chub in the Little Colorado River, the most important tributary in Grand Canyon for spawning and production of this species. From 2001 to 2006, the spring abundance estimates of humpback chub >= 150 and >= 200 mm remained relatively low (<= 3,419 and <= 2,002 fish, respectively), thereafter significantly increasing to highs of 8,083 and 6,250, respectively, by spring 2010. Also from 2000 to 2006, the fall abundance estimates of humpback chub were substantially below those abundances estimated after 2006. In addition, flannelmouth sucker Catostomus latipinnis and bluehead sucker Catostomus discobolus showed post-2006 increases in relative abundance, suggesting a systemwide event occurred that was beneficial to native fishes. Most of the increases of humpback chub occurred during the spring season in the reaches of the Little Colorado River between 5 and 13.57 km upstream from the confluence. Successful production of age 0 year classes of humpback chub may be partially driven by hydrograph dynamics of the Little Colorado River, whereas water temperatures and predation pressures in the mainstem Colorado River likely influence survivorship of native fishes into subadult and adult life stages.
C1 [Van Haverbeke, David R.; Stone, Dennis M.; Pillow, Michael J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arizona Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Coggins, Lewis G., Jr.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, South East Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Van Haverbeke, DR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arizona Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM randy_vanhaverbeke@fws.gov
FU USGS's Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center [01-3022-R1009]
FX Funding for this project was provided by the USGS's Grand Canyon
Monitoring and Research Center inter-agency acquisition 01-3022-R1009.
NR 44
TC 17
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 28
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 163
EP 177
DI 10.3996/082012-JFWM-071
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700018
ER
PT J
AU Silverman, ED
Saalfeld, DT
Leirness, JB
Koneff, MD
AF Silverman, Emily D.
Saalfeld, David T.
Leirness, Jeffery B.
Koneff, Mark D.
TI Wintering Sea Duck Distribution Along the Atlantic Coast of the United
States
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic coast; eider; long-tailed duck; scoter; sea ducks; survey;
winter
ID COMMON EIDERS; OSCILLATION; WATERFOWL; BIRDS
AB Although monitoring data for sea ducks (Tribe Mergini) are limited, current evidence suggests that four of the most common species wintering along the eastern coast of the United States-long-tailed duck Clangula hyemalis, white-winged scoter Melanitta fusca, surf scoter Melanitta perspicillata, and black scoter Melanitta americana-may be declining, while the status of American common eider Somateria mollissima dresseri is uncertain. The apparent negative trends, combined with the fact that sea duck life histories are among the most poorly documented of North American waterfowl, have led to concerns for these species and questions about the impacts of human activities, such as hunting, as well as catastrophic events and environmental change. During winter, thousands of sea ducks are found along the U. S. Atlantic coast, where they may be affected by proposed wind-power development, changes to marine traffic, aquaculture practices, sand mining, and other coastal development. Possible impacts are difficult to quantify because traditional winter waterfowl surveys do not cover many of the marine habitats used by sea ducks. Thus, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service conducted an experimental survey of sea ducks from 2008 to 2011 to characterize their winter distributions along the U. S. Atlantic coast. Each year, data were collected on 11 species of sea ducks on >200 transects, stretching from Maine to Florida. In this paper, we describe distribution of common eider, long-tailed duck, white-winged scoter, surf scoter, and black scoter. Densities of the two species with the most northerly distribution, white-winged scoter and common eider, were highest near Cape Cod and Nantucket. Long-tailed duck was most abundant around Cape Cod, Nantucket Shoals, and in Chesapeake Bay. Surf scoter also concentrated within Chesapeake Bay; however, they were additionally found in high densities in Delaware Bay, and along the Maryland-Delaware outer coast. Black scoter, the most widely distributed species, occurred at high densities along the South Carolina coast and the mouth of Chesapeake Bay. Spatial patterns of high-density transects were consistent among years for all species except black scoter, which exhibited the most interannual variation in distribution. The distance from land, depth, and bottom slope where flocks were observed varied among species and regions, with a median distance of 3.8 km from land along the coastal transects and 75% of flocks observed over depths of,16 m. Common eider and long-tailed duck were observed closer to shore and over steeper ocean bottoms than were the three scoter species. Our results represent the first large-scale quantitative description of winter sea duck distribution along the U. S. Atlantic coast, and should guide the development of sea duck monitoring programs and aid the assessment of potential impacts of ongoing and proposed offshore development.
C1 [Silverman, Emily D.; Leirness, Jeffery B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Saalfeld, David T.] Univ Delaware, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Saalfeld, David T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Leirness, Jeffery B.] Univ Delaware, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Koneff, Mark D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Orono, ME 04473 USA.
RP Silverman, ED (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, 11510 Amer Holly Dr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM emily_silverman@fws.gov
FU Sea Duck Joint Venture; Atlantic coast Joint Venture; Atlantic Marine
Assessment Program for Protected Species
FX Data collection and analysis were funded in part by the Sea Duck Joint
Venture, the Atlantic coast Joint Venture, and the Atlantic Marine
Assessment Program for Protected Species, administered by the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
NR 35
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 23
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 178
EP 198
DI 10.3996/122012-JFWM-107
PG 21
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700019
ER
PT J
AU Moore, CT
Shaffer, TL
Gannon, JJ
AF Moore, Clinton T.
Shaffer, Terry L.
Gannon, Jill J.
TI Spatial Education: Improving Conservation Delivery Through
Space-Structured Decision Making
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive management; conservation partnership; learning; prairie
management; spatial replication; uncertainty
ID ACTIVE ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; NORTH-AMERICAN WATERFOWL; UNITED-STATES;
UNCERTAINTY; WILDLIFE; USA; OPTIMIZATION; PRAIRIE; DAKOTA; PLAN
AB Adaptive management is a form of structured decision making designed to guide management of natural resource systems when their behaviors are uncertain. Where decision making can be replicated across units of a landscape, learning can be accelerated, and biological processes can be understood in a larger spatial context. Broad-based partnerships among land management agencies, exemplified by Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (conservation partnerships created through the U.S. Department of the Interior), are potentially ideal environments for implementing spatially structured adaptive management programs.
C1 [Moore, Clinton T.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Shaffer, Terry L.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Gannon, Jill J.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Moore, CT (reprint author), Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM ctmoore@uga.edu
FU NPAM; USGS-USFWS Refuge Cooperative Research Program; USFWS Region 6;
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
FX We received support for the development of NPAM through grants from the
USGS-USFWS Refuge Cooperative Research Program, USFWS Region 6, and USGS
Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center. Before submission, this
manuscript received approval though the USGS review process and, thus,
its contents are consistent with all pertinent policies of the USGS and
the U.S. Department of the Interior.
NR 48
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 26
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 199
EP 210
DI 10.3996/082012-JFWM-069
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700020
ER
PT J
AU Mulcahy, DM
AF Mulcahy, Daniel M.
TI Legal, Ethical, and Procedural Bases for the Use of Aseptic Techniques
to Implant Electronic Devices
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE animal welfare; aseptic technique; data loggers; implantation;
sterilization; surgery; transmitters
ID SURGICAL IMPLANTATION; PAIN PERCEPTION; COHO SALMON; FISH; TRANSMITTERS;
RADIOTRANSMITTERS; TELEMETRY; SURVIVAL; ANIMALS; MAMMALS
C1 US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Mulcahy, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM daniel_mulcahy@usgs.gov
NR 68
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 19
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 211
EP 219
DI 10.3996/092012-JFWM-080
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163AC
UT WOS:000320306700021
ER
PT J
AU Piaggio, AJ
Coghlan, BA
Miscampbell, AE
Arjo, WM
Ransome, DB
Ritland, CE
AF Piaggio, Antoinette J.
Coghlan, Brett A.
Miscampbell, Allyson E.
Arjo, Wendy M.
Ransome, Douglas B.
Ritland, Carol E.
TI Molecular phylogeny of an ancient rodent family (Aplodontiidae)
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aplodontia; control region; cytochrome b; growth hormone receptor;
mountain beaver; phylogeny; taxonomy
ID MITOCHONDRIAL CYTOCHROME-B; GROUND-SQUIRRELS; MOUNTAIN BEAVER; DNA;
SYSTEMATICS; SEQUENCES; MAMMALS; RUFA; SPERMOPHILUS; BIOGEOGRAPHY
AB The family Aplodontiidae contains a single, monotypic extant genus, Aplodontia (mountain beaver), which was first described by Rafinesque in 1817. Phylogenetic studies have shown that it is the sister lineage to squirrels. Aplodontia rufa is endemic to the Pacific Northwest and ranges from central California to British Columbia, Canada. Currently, 7 described subspecies are recognized based on morphological taxonomic studies. In this study, mitochondrial and nuclear genes were sequenced to infer molecular phylogenies of A. rufa. One of the goals of this study was to use molecular data to test the current taxonomic hypothesis based on morphology. Another goal was to incorporate geographic information to elucidate distributions of major clades. Our results support the previously held subspecies designations based on morphological taxonomy, with 1 main exception: we determined that within A. rufa, the subspecies A. rufa rainieri and A. rufa rufa north of the Columbia River represent a single lineage and should revert to the name A. rufa olympica. Although we revised geographic boundaries for some groups (A. r. rufa, A. r. olympica, and A. r. pacifica), only the conservation status and management of A. r. olympica (previously 2 subspecies) in Canada may be affected. Our findings support the continued conservation efforts for the isolated and endangered lineages present in coastal California.
C1 [Piaggio, Antoinette J.; Coghlan, Brett A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Genet Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Coghlan, Brett A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Miscampbell, Allyson E.; Ritland, Carol E.] Univ British Columbia, Genet Data Ctr, Dept Forest Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Arjo, Wendy M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Olympia Field Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA.
[Ransome, Douglas B.] British Columbia Inst Technol, Fish Wildlife & Recreat Program, Burnaby, BC V5G 3H2, Canada.
RP Piaggio, AJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Genet Lab, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM toni.j.piaggio@aphis.usda.gov
FU United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National
Wildlife Research Center; Washington Forest Protection Association;
Oregon Forest Industries Council
FX We thank W. Zielinski, M. Schwartz, and K. Pilgrim of the United States
Forest Service for their kindness, generosity, and collaboration. We
also extend our gratitude to T. Best for helpful discussions on
taxonomic designations. We also thank M. A. Neubaum and J. Figueroa; J.
Jeffers of the Nevada Department of Wildlife; and D. Girman and D.
Crocker from Sonoma State University for their assistance in this
project, including, in some cases, donations of samples. We also
acknowledge K. Hamm, B. Youst, D. Lancaster, F. Arnold, B. Covell, J.
Carr, R. Best, E. Meister, J. Duvall, J. Yost, J. Schaberl, T. Kocket,
T. Losli, P. Happe, G. Phelan, R. Gonzalez, M. Dykzeul, and E. Myers for
their help in obtaining samples. Thanks to J. Fillon and K. Ritland for
their invaluable assistances in haplotype submission and discernment,
respectively. We appreciate the support of the sabbatical program of the
United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National
Wildlife Research Center; the Washington Forest Protection Association;
and Oregon Forest Industries Council. Finally, we acknowledge the
helpful comments and guidance from an anonymous reviewer.
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PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-2372
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 94
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BP 529
EP 543
DI 10.1644/12-MAMM-A-016.1
PG 15
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 165JF
UT WOS:000320479100001
ER
PT J
AU Snider, EA
Cryan, PM
Wilson, KR
AF Snider, E. Apple
Cryan, Paul M.
Wilson, Kenneth R.
TI Roost selection by western long-eared myotis (Myotis evotis) in burned
and unburned pinon-juniper woodlands of southwestern Colorado
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bat; Chiroptera; fire; Mesa Verde National Park; Myotis; rock crevice;
roost
ID BIG BROWN BATS; EVAPORATIVE WATER-LOSS; VERDE NATIONAL-PARK; NEW-MEXICO;
EPTESICUS-FUSCUS; SITE SELECTION; ROCK CREVICES; FIRE; FORESTS; ECOLOGY
AB All 16 species of bats known to occur in western Colorado are found at Mesa Verde National Park (MVNP) in the southwestern United States. Since 1996, wildfires have burned more than 70% of MVNP (>15,000 ha), potentially altering food and roosting resources for bats. During the summers of 2006-2007, we investigated roost use by reproductive female western long-eared myotis (Myotis evotis). We located 33 bat roosts in rock crevices and 1 in a juniper snag. All but 2 of the roosts were in unburned habitat. Bats roosted alone or in small groups (<= 3 individuals) and switched roosts frequently (1-7 roosts per bat, median = 1.5 roosts per bat, SE = 0.5 roosts per bat). We compared occupied roosts with randomly selected unoccupied crevices and used an information theoretic approach to determine which variables were most important in determining roost use at microhabitat and landscape scales. At the microhabitat scale, maternity roosts were higher above the ground and deeper than random, unoccupied rock crevices. At the landscape scale, roosts were closer to water and farther from burned habitat than random crevices, providing reproductive female M. evotis with the best opportunities to drink and forage for insects. Tree roosts are apparently not a vital resource for reproductive female M. evotis during the summer months at our study site, presumably because of the extensive availability of rock crevices. Understanding site-specific roosting behavior is important for proper management of bat populations because differences can exist between geographic regions, even among areas with similar plant communities.
C1 [Snider, E. Apple; Wilson, Kenneth R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Cryan, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Snider, EA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM applesnider@hotmail.com
OI Cryan, Paul/0000-0002-2915-8894
FU American Society of Mammalogists; Ariel Appleton Fellowship of the
Research Ranch Foundation; Bill Burtness Fellowship of the Rocky
Mountain Goats Foundation; Colorado State University Douglas L. Gilbert
Memorial Scholarship Fund; Lois Webster Fund of the Audubon Society of
Greater Denver; National Science Foundation; Organization for Bat
Conservation
FX T. O'Shea, E. Valdez, D. Neubaum, and L. Ellison were instrumental to
the project. G. San Miguel and M. Colyer of MVNP provided logistical
support. We thank K. Briones, R. Choi, S. Clark, C. Cooke, A. Gann, L.
Gayton, L. Hale, J. Lamb, J. Much, R. Preleyko, E. Sadler, W. Stacy, E.
Tuttle, and K. Weglarz for field and laboratory support. B. Romme shared
significant insight into MVNP's forest and fire ecology and provided
editorial assistance on earlier drafts. B. Kondratieff shared his
entomological expertise. K. Burnham, P. Chapman, and J. ZumBrunnen
provided statistical advice. The manuscript was improved by comments
from T. O'Shea, D. Solick, D. Sparks, and 1 anonymous reviewer. This
research was supported by the American Society of Mammalogists, the
Ariel Appleton Fellowship of the Research Ranch Foundation, the Bill
Burtness Fellowship of the Rocky Mountain Goats Foundation, the Colorado
State University Douglas L. Gilbert Memorial Scholarship Fund, the Lois
Webster Fund of the Audubon Society of Greater Denver, the National
Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program, and the
Organization for Bat Conservation. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the United States Government.
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PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-2372
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
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GA 165JF
UT WOS:000320479100011
ER
PT J
AU Bailey, MM
Zydlewski, JD
AF Bailey, Michael M.
Zydlewski, Joseph D.
TI To Stock or Not to Stock? Assessing the Restoration Potential of a
Remnant American Shad Spawning Run with Hatchery Supplementation
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID ALOSA-SAPIDISSIMA; OUTBREEDING DEPRESSION; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; RIVER
RESTORATION; HABITAT; POPULATIONS; MORTALITY; MARKERS; SCALES; MODEL
AB Hatchery supplementation has been widely used as a restoration technique for American Shad Alosa sapidissima on the East Coast of the USA, but results have been equivocal. In the Penobscot River, Maine, dam removals and other improvements to fish passage will likely reestablish access to the majority of this species' historic spawning habitat. Additional efforts being considered include the stocking of larval American Shad. The decision about whether to stock a river system undergoing restoration should be made after evaluating the probability of natural recolonization and examining the costs and benefits of potentially accelerating recovery using a stocking program. However, appropriate evaluation can be confounded by a dearth of information about the starting population size and age structure of the remnant American Shad spawning run in the river. We used the Penobscot River as a case study to assess the theoretical sensitivity of recovery time to either scenario (stocking or not) by building a deterministic model of an American Shad population. This model is based on the best available estimates of size at age, fecundity, rate of iteroparity, and recruitment. Density dependence was imposed, such that the population reached a plateau at an arbitrary recovery goal of 633,000 spawning adults. Stocking had a strong accelerating effect on the time to modeled recovery (as measured by the time to reach 50% of the recovery goal) in the base model, but stocking had diminishing effects with larger population sizes. There is a diminishing return to stocking when the starting population is modestly increased. With a low starting population (a spawning run of 1,000), supplementation with 12 million larvae annually accelerated modeled recovery by 12years. Only a 2-year acceleration was observed if the starting population was 15,000. Such a heuristic model may aid managers in assessing the costs and benefits of stocking by incorporating a structured decision framework. Received December 27, 2011; accepted December 19, 2012
C1 [Bailey, Michael M.; Zydlewski, Joseph D.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Bailey, Michael M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Cent New England Fishery Resources Off, Nashua, NH 03063 USA.
[Zydlewski, Joseph D.] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP Bailey, MM (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM michael_bailey@fws.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit; Northeast Fisheries Science Center; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; Nature Conservancy
FX Support for this work was through the U.S. Geological Survey, Maine
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Northeast Fisheries Science
Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Nature Conservancy. This
manuscript was greatly improved by comments from Chris Caudill, Kevin
Dockendorf, Dan Hasselman, Jerre Mohler, and two anonymous reviewers.
Mention of trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
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GA 159CI
UT WOS:000320021200001
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PT J
AU Klett, KJC
Torgersen, CE
Henning, JA
Murray, CJ
AF Klett, Katherine J. C.
Torgersen, Christian E.
Henning, Julie A.
Murray, Christopher J.
TI Spatial Consistency of Chinook Salmon Redd Distribution within and among
Years in the Cowlitz River, Washington
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID SPAWNING SITE SELECTION; COLUMBIA RIVER; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA;
GEOMORPHIC CONTROLS; YAKIMA-RIVER; HABITAT USE; STREAM; SCALE;
REGRESSION; PATTERNS
AB We investigated the spawning patterns of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha on the lower Cowlitz River, Washington, using a unique set of fine- and coarse-scale temporal and spatial data collected during biweekly aerial surveys conducted in 1991-2009 (500m to 28km resolution) and 2008-2009 (100-500m resolution). Redd locations were mapped from a helicopter during 2008 and 2009 with a hand-held GPS synchronized with in-flight audio recordings. We examined spatial patterns of Chinook Salmon redd reoccupation among and within years in relation to segment-scale geomorphic features. Chinook Salmon spawned in the same sections each year with little variation among years. On a coarse scale, 5years (1993, 1998, 2000, 2002, and 2009) were compared for reoccupation. Redd locations were highly correlated among years. Comparisons on a fine scale (500m) between 2008 and 2009 also revealed a high degree of consistency among redd locations. On a finer temporal scale, we observed that Chinook Salmon spawned in the same sections during the first and last week. Redds were clustered in both 2008 and 2009. Regression analysis with a generalized linear model at the 500-m scale indicated that river kilometer and channel bifurcation were positively associated with redd density, whereas sinuosity was negatively associated with redd density. Collecting data on specific redd locations with a GPS during aerial surveys was logistically feasible and cost effective and greatly enhanced the spatial precision of Chinook Salmon spawning surveys. Received August 10, 2012; accepted February 14, 2013
C1 [Klett, Katherine J. C.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Klett, Katherine J. C.; Torgersen, Christian E.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Cascadia Field Stn,Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Henning, Julie A.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Murray, Christopher J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Klett, KJC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM kjcm22@u.washington.edu
FU School of Environmental and Forest Sciences at the University of
Washington; U.S. Geological Survey; Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem
Science Center
FX We thank Ryan Klett, Matt Groce, and Jeremy Cram for assistance with
field work, Ethan Welty for GIS expertise and programming in R
statistical software (linbin package), and Mark LaRiviere, from Tacoma
Power, for providing logistical support and background information on
the Cowlitz River. We would also like to thank Gino Lucchetti, Susan
Bolton, and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and
recommendations. The School of Environmental and Forest Sciences at the
University of Washington and the U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and
Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center provided partial funding for this
work. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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SN 0275-5947
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JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD JUN 1
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GA 159CI
UT WOS:000320021200007
ER
PT J
AU Rosenberger, SJ
Connor, WP
Peery, CA
Milks, DJ
Schuck, ML
Hesse, JA
Smith, SG
AF Rosenberger, Stuart J.
Connor, William P.
Peery, Christopher A.
Milks, Deborah J.
Schuck, Mark L.
Hesse, Jay A.
Smith, Steven G.
TI Acclimation Enhances Postrelease Performance of Hatchery Fall Chinook
Salmon Subyearlings While Reducing the Potential for Interaction with
Natural Fish
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID JUVENILE COHO SALMON; SNAKE-RIVER; ATLANTIC SALMON;
ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; DELAYED MORTALITY; COLUMBIA RIVERS; STREAM
CHANNEL; RAINBOW-TROUT; YAKIMA RIVER; STEELHEAD
AB One form of prerelease acclimation of hatchery anadromous salmonid Oncorhynchus spp. juveniles is to truck the fish to remote points for extended holding at low densities in rearing vessels (e.g., tanks, raceways, or in-ground ponds) supplied with river water. We conducted a 3-year study to determine whether such acclimation enhanced the postrelease performance of hatchery fall Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha subyearlings and reduced the potential for interaction with natural fall Chinook Salmon subyearlings. In comparison with hatchery subyearlings that were released directly into the lower Snake River just downstream of the acclimation facility, acclimated hatchery subyearlings (1) passed downstream to Lower Monumental Dam (the third dam encountered during seaward migration) faster, (2) passed the dam earlier, and (3) survived from release to the dam tailrace at higher rates. The differences in downstream passage rate and dam passage timing were also much greater between acclimated hatchery subyearlings and natural subyearlings than between directly released hatchery subyearlings and natural subyearlings. Thus, acclimation provided a survival advantage to the hatchery fish while reducing the potential for (1) aggressive and nonaggressive social interactions with natural fish while in transit through the reservoirs associated with Lower Granite, Little Goose, and Lower Monumental dams; and (2) confinement with natural fish at those three dams, where fish collection and raceway holding were followed by transport in tanker trucks. Our findings support acclimation as a method for enhancing postrelease performance of hatchery fall Chinook Salmon subyearlings and reducing their potential interactions with natural conspecifics. Received July 25, 2012; accepted January 9, 2013
C1 [Rosenberger, Stuart J.] Idaho Power Co, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Connor, William P.; Peery, Christopher A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Idaho Fishery Resource Off, Orofino, ID 83544 USA.
[Milks, Deborah J.; Schuck, Mark L.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Snake River Lab, Dayton, WA 99328 USA.
[Hesse, Jay A.] Nez Perce Tribe Dept Fisheries Resources Manageme, Lapwai, ID 83540 USA.
[Smith, Steven G.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Rosenberger, SJ (reprint author), Idaho Power Co, 1221 Wesst Idaho St, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
EM srosenberger@idahopower.com
FU Bonneville Power Administration [199102900]
FX We thank our colleagues from BioMark, the Nez Perce Tribe Department of
Fisheries Resources, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Fisheries, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, whose efforts
contributed to the completion of this study. This study (and many other
studies we have conducted) would not have been possible without
assistance from Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission personnel,
including D. Marvin and N. Tancreto, who helped operate and maintain the
Columbia River Basin PIT Tag Information System. Anonymous peer review
greatly improved this manuscript. This study was funded in part by the
Bonneville Power Administration (Project 199102900) administered by D.
Docherty and J. George. The majority of the tagging costs were covered
by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers under a contract administered by S.
Dunmire, D. Holecek, and J. George. The use of trade names does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government or other collaborating
agencies. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service or other collaborating agencies.
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UT WOS:000320021200008
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PT J
AU Stockton, KA
Moffitt, CM
AF Stockton, Kelly A.
Moffitt, Christine M.
TI Disinfection of Three Wading Boot Surfaces Infested with New Zealand
Mudsnails
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID QUATERNARY AMMONIUM-COMPOUNDS; RAINBOW-TROUT; MUD SNAIL;
POTAMOPYRGUS-ANTIPODARUM; BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; GREAT-LAKES;
SPREAD; INTRODUCTIONS; ACCUMULATION; ENVIRONMENTS
AB New Zealand mudsnails Potamopyrgus antipodarum (NZMS) have been introduced into many continents and are easily transported live while attached to wading and other field gear. We quantified the relative attachment by different life stages of NZMS to felt, neoprene, and rubber-soled boots exposed to two densities of NZMS in experimental exposure totes. Attachment by NZMS occurred on boots of all surfaces, but the highest numbers of all life stages occurred on boots with felt surfaces. We found a 15-20-min bath application of 20g/L Virkon Aquatic was a reliable tool to disinfect boot surfaces infested with NZMS and other aquatic invertebrates. Our studies support that spray application of this disinfectant was not reliable to provide complete mortality of attached adult NZMS or neonates. Wading gear surfaces exposed to repeated bath disinfections showed little deterioration. Our results provide strong evidence that bath disinfections with Virkon Aquatic are helpful to assure biosecurity in field and hatchery settings, but applications should be coupled with cleaning procedures to remove organic materials that can deactivate the reagent. Received November 11, 2012; accepted January 17, 2013
C1 [Stockton, Kelly A.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Moffitt, Christine M.] Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Moffitt, CM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Perimeter Dr MS 1141, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM cmoffitt@uidaho.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey; National Science
Foundation; CRISSP Research Experience for Undergraduates
FX We thank B. Sun, T. Britton, A. Christensen, and B. Winston for
assistance with laboratory testing and preparation at the University of
Idaho. We are especially grateful to A. Barenberg for conducting
experiments as part of her Environmental Science senior thesis program.
Staff at Hagerman National Fish Hatchery (HNFH) provided snails and
waders for testing. Other waders were provided by staff at Dworshak
National Fish Hatchery, Hagerman State Fish Hatchery, Willow Beach
National Fish Hatchery, Clearwater Fish Hatchery, Niagara Springs Fish
Hatchery, Magic Valley Fish Hatchery, and Utah Division of Wildlife
Resources. Tri-State and Sportsman's Warehouse donated new waders for
tests. Funding was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (P.
Heimowitz, project officer). Additional support was provided by the U.S.
Geological Survey and the National Science Foundation, CRISSP Research
Experience for Undergraduates. We are grateful to A. Sepulveda and two
anonymous reviewers for their assistance reviewing earlier drafts of
this manuscript. The use of trade names or products does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
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UT WOS:000320021200009
ER
PT J
AU Bottcher, JL
Walsworth, TE
Thiede, GP
Budy, P
Speas, DW
AF Bottcher, Jared L.
Walsworth, Timothy E.
Thiede, Gary P.
Budy, Phaedra
Speas, David W.
TI Frequent Usage of Tributaries by the Endangered Fishes of the Upper
Colorado River Basin: Observations from the San Rafael River, Utah
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID PIKEMINNOW PTYCHOCHEILUS-LUCIUS; GREEN RIVER; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS;
POPULATION DIVERSITY; FLANNELMOUTH SUCKER; RAZORBACK SUCKER; CRITICAL
HABITAT; PIT TAGS; REPRODUCTION; ECOSYSTEMS
AB The importance of main-stem rivers and major tributaries to endangered Colorado River fishes is well documented, but the use and significance of small tributary streams remains poorly understood. Historically, these fishes probably used smaller tributaries for spawning, rearing, feeding, and refuge. Currently, the proliferation of nonnative species and altered flows may have affected tributary use by endangered fishes. In February 2008 and 2009, we installed a PIT-tag passive interrogation array (PIA) in the San Rafael River, Utah, approximately 2km upstream from the confluence with the Green River, and another PIA approximately 60km upstream from the Green River confluence. Using passive detections and active captures in the San Rafael River from 2008 to 2010, we detected 15 Colorado Pikeminnow Ptychocheilus lucius, 16 Bonytails Gila elegans, 20 Razorback Suckers Xyrauchen texanus, and five undocumented fish. Several endangered fishes were detected on multiple occasions and across years, often moving into and out of the San Rafael River from distances up to 360km away (range, 6-360km). Our findings demonstrate the use and the potential importance of small tributaries and their fragile habitats to endangered fishes. Received May 13, 2012; accepted March 10, 2013
C1 [Bottcher, Jared L.; Walsworth, Timothy E.; Thiede, Gary P.] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Budy, Phaedra] Utah State Univ, US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Speas, David W.] US Bur Reclamat, Upper Colorado Reg Off, Salt Lake City, UT 84138 USA.
RP Bottcher, JL (reprint author), Klamath Basin Rangeland Trust, 700 Main St,Suite 201A, Klamath Falls, OR 97601 USA.
EM jlb028@gmail.com
FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation; Jessie E. Quinney Fellowship; Ecology Center
at Utah State University; Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; U.S.
Bureau of Land Management; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank Krissy Wilson (UDWR) and three anonymous reviewers for their
thoughtful comments provided on previous drafts of this manuscript.
Peter MacKinnon designed, set up, and maintained the PIA systems. Craig
Walker and Kenny Breidinger provided support and advice. Wally
Macfarlane and Nira Salant provided GIS assistance and computed
hydrogeomorphic statistics. We thank the many technicians who assisted
this project in the field and laboratory. This research was funded by
the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Conservation Activities for Sensitive
Non-Game Native Fish Activities to Avoid Jeopardy Program, a S.E. and
Jessie E. Quinney Fellowship, and the Ecology Center at Utah State
University. Additional support was provided by the Utah Division of
Wildlife Resources, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, and the U.S.
Geological Survey, Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit at
Utah State University (in-kind support). This study was performed under
the auspices of Utah State University's IACUC protocol number 1310.
Mention of brand names in this manuscript does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 3
BP 585
EP 594
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.785993
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 159CI
UT WOS:000320021200015
ER
PT J
AU Pine, WE
Healy, B
Smith, EO
Trammell, M
Speas, D
Valdez, R
Yard, M
Walters, C
Ahrens, R
Vanhaverbeke, R
Stone, D
Wilson, W
AF Pine, William E., III
Healy, Brian
Smith, Emily Omana
Trammell, Melissa
Speas, Dave
Valdez, Rich
Yard, Mike
Walters, Carl
Ahrens, Rob
Vanhaverbeke, Randy
Stone, Dennis
Wilson, Wade
TI An Individual-Based Model for Population Viability Analysis of Humpback
Chub in Grand Canyon
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID COLORADO RIVER; LIFE-HISTORY; NATIVE FISHES; GILA-CYPHA; ARIZONA;
TEMPERATURE; MANAGEMENT; TURBIDITY; CAPTURE; ECOLOGY
AB We developed an individual-based population viability analysis model (females only) for evaluating risk to populations from catastrophic events or conservation and research actions. This model tracks attributes (size, weight, viability, etc.) for individual fish through time and then compiles this information to assess the extinction risk of the population across large numbers of simulation trials. Using a case history for the Little Colorado River population of Humpback Chub Gila cypha in Grand Canyon, Arizona, we assessed extinction risk and resiliency to a catastrophic event for this population and then assessed a series of conservation actions related to removing specific numbers of Humpback Chub at different sizes for conservation purposes, such as translocating individuals to establish other spawning populations or hatchery refuge development. Our results suggested that the Little Colorado River population is generally resilient to a single catastrophic event and also to removals of larvae and juveniles for conservation purposes, including translocations to establish new populations. Our results also suggested that translocation success is dependent on similar survival rates in receiving and donor streams and low emigration rates from recipient streams. In addition, translocating either large numbers of larvae or small numbers of large juveniles has generally an equal likelihood of successful population establishment at similar extinction risk levels to the Little Colorado River donor population. Our model created a transparent platform to consider extinction risk to populations from catastrophe or conservation actions and should prove useful to managers assessing these risks for endangered species such as Humpback Chub. Received August 28, 2012; accepted March 13, 2013
C1 [Pine, William E., III] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Healy, Brian] Natl Pk Serv, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Trammell, Melissa] Natl Pk Serv, Salt Lake City, UT 84111 USA.
[Speas, Dave] US Bur Reclamat, Salt Lake City, UT 84138 USA.
[Valdez, Rich] SWCA Environm Consultants, Logan, UT 84321 USA.
[Yard, Mike] US Geol Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Walters, Carl] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Ahrens, Rob] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Fisheries Program, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Vanhaverbeke, Randy; Stone, Dennis] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Wilson, Wade] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, Dexter Fish Technol Ctr, Dexter, NM 88230 USA.
RP Pine, WE (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, 110 Newins Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM billpine@ufl.edu
FU Bureau of Reclamation; National Park Service
FX Funding support for this project was provided by the Bureau of
Reclamation and the National Park Service. We recognize the University
of Florida and the U.S. Geological Survey Florida Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit for fiscal and administrative assistance.
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 3
BP 626
EP 641
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.788587
PG 16
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 159CI
UT WOS:000320021200019
ER
PT J
AU Muhs, DR
Ruskin, J
Tsoar, H
Skipp, G
Budahn, JR
Sneh, A
Porat, N
Stanley, JD
Katra, I
Blumberg, DG
AF Muhs, Daniel R.
Ruskin, Joel
Tsoar, Haim
Skipp, Gary
Budahn, James. R.
Sneh, Amihai
Porat, Naomi
Stanley, Jean-Daniel
Katra, Itzhak
Blumberg, Dan G.
TI Origin of the Sinai-Negev erg, Egypt and Israel: mineralogical and
geochemical evidence for the importance of the Nile and sea level
history
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sinai-Negev erg; Dunes; Aeolian; Mineralogy; Geochemistry; Mineralogical
maturity; Nile; Sea level; Holocene; Pleistocene; Israel; Egypt
ID RUB AL-KHALI; SULTANATE-OF-OMAN; SIZED QUARTZ SILT; SAND DUNES;
COASTAL-PLAIN; LATE PLEISTOCENE; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; LOESS DEPOSITS;
DESERT LOESS; LABORATORY SIMULATIONS
AB The Sinai-Negev erg occupies an area of 13,000 km(2) in the deserts of Egypt and Israel. Aeolian sand of this erg has been proposed to be derived from the Nile Delta, but empirical data supporting this view are lacking. An alternative source sediment is sand from the large Wadi El Arish drainage system in central and northern Sinai. Mineralogy of the Negev and Sinai dunes shows that they are high in quartz, with much smaller amounts of K-feldspar and plagioclase. Both Nile Delta sands and Sinai wadi sands, upstream of the dunes, also have high amounts of quartz relative to K-feldspar and plagioclase. However, Sinai wadi sands have abundant calcite, whereas Nile Delta sands have little or no calcite. Overall, the mineralogical data suggest that the dunes are derived dominantly from the Nile Delta, with Sinai wadi sands being a minor contributor. Geochemical data that proxy for both the light mineral fraction (SiO2/10-Al2O3 + Na2O + K2O-CaO) and heavy mineral fraction (Fe2O3-MgO-TiO2) also indicate a dominant Nile Delta source for the dunes. Thus, we report here the first empirical evidence that the Sinai-Negev dunes are derived dominantly from the Nile Delta. Linkage of the Sinai-Negev erg to the Nile Delta as a source is consistent with the distribution of OSL ages of Negev dunes in recent studies. Stratigraphic studies show that during the Last Glacial period, when dune incursions in the Sinai-Negev erg began, what is now the Nile Delta area was characterized by a broad, sandy, minimally vegetated plain, with seasonally dry anastomosing channels. Such conditions were ideal for providing a ready source of sand for aeolian transport under what were probably much stronger glacial-age winds. With the post-glacial rise in sea level, the Nile River began to aggrade. Post-glacial sedimentation has been dominated by fine-grained silts and clays. Thus, sea level, along with favorable climatic conditions, emerges as a major influence on the timing of dune activity in the Sinai-Negev erg, through its control on the supply of sand from the Nile Delta. The mineralogy of the Sinai-Negev dunes is also consistent with a proposed hypothesis that these sediments are an important source of loess in Israel. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Muhs, Daniel R.; Skipp, Gary; Budahn, James. R.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Ruskin, Joel; Tsoar, Haim; Katra, Itzhak; Blumberg, Dan G.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Geog & Environm Dev, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
[Sneh, Amihai; Porat, Naomi] Geol Survey Israel, IL-95501 Jerusalem, Israel.
[Stanley, Jean-Daniel] Smithsonian Inst, Geoarchaeol Paleobiol Dept, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Muhs, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, MS 980,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM dmuhs@usgs.gov
RI BLUMBERG, DAN/F-1285-2012
OI BLUMBERG, DAN/0000-0001-9337-1617
FU United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (Jerusalem); U.S.
Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change Program
FX This study was supported by the United States-Israel Binational Science
Foundation (Jerusalem) and the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land
Use Change Program. We appreciate the efforts of Kristi Zellman and
DeAnna Laurel of the USGS for their able assistance in the laboratory.
We thank Dr. Amir Sandler for providing his XRD calibration method. Two
anonymous reviewers and Jeff Pigati, Janet Slate, Tom Judkins, and Gene
Ellis (U.S. Geological Survey) read an earlier version of this
manuscript and made helpful comments for its improvement.
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 69
BP 28
EP 48
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.02.022
PG 21
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 165LG
UT WOS:000320484800003
ER
PT J
AU Laliberte, E
Grace, JB
Huston, MA
Lambers, H
Teste, FP
Turner, BL
Wardle, DA
AF Laliberte, Etienne
Grace, James B.
Huston, Michael A.
Lambers, Hans
Teste, Francois P.
Turner, Benjamin L.
Wardle, David A.
TI How does pedogenesis drive plant diversity?
SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-TERM CHRONOSEQUENCES; TEMPERATE RAIN-FOREST; ECOSYSTEM
RETROGRESSION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; SOIL DEVELOPMENT;
TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; NUTRIENT LIMITATION;
WESTERN-AUSTRALIA
AB Some of the most species-rich plant communities occur on ancient, strongly weathered soils, whereas those on recently developed soils tend to be less diverse. Mechanisms underlying this well-known pattern, however, remain unresolved. Here, we present a conceptual model describing alternative mechanisms by which pedogenesis (the process of soil formation) might drive plant diversity. We suggest that long-term soil chronosequences offer great, yet largely untapped, potential as 'natural experiments' to determine edaphic controls over plant diversity. Finally, we discuss how our conceptual model can be evaluated quantitatively using structural equation modeling to advance multivariate theories about the determinants of local plant diversity. This should help us to understand broader-scale diversity patterns, such as the latitudinal gradient of plant diversity.
C1 [Laliberte, Etienne; Lambers, Hans; Teste, Francois P.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Huston, Michael A.] Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
[Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Wardle, David A.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Fac Forestry, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden.
RP Laliberte, E (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
EM etienne.laliberte@uwa.edu.au
RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; Laliberte, Etienne/B-6855-2008; Huston,
Michael/B-1434-2009; Wardle, David/F-6031-2011; Lambers,
Hans/A-1544-2008
OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722; Laliberte,
Etienne/0000-0002-3167-2622; Huston, Michael/0000-0001-9513-1166;
Wardle, David/0000-0002-0476-7335; Lambers, Hans/0000-0002-4118-2272
FU UWA; School of Plant Biology; Faculty of Natural and Agricultural
Sciences; DECRA from the Australian Research Council [DE120100352]; NSF
OPUS [0918927]; ARC; Wallenberg Scholars award
FX This paper originated from a research workshop held at The University of
Western Australia (UWA) on 20-25 February, 2012. Funding for this
workshop was provided by UWA, specifically by the School of Plant
Biology (40%), the Pro Vice-Chancellor (Research) (40%), and the Faculty
of Natural and Agricultural Sciences (20%). We thank G. Zemunik for
providing data and photos, and A. Wells for photos. E.L. was supported
by a DECRA (DE120100352) from the Australian Research Council. M.A.H.
was supported by NSF OPUS Grant 0918927. H.L. and F.T. were supported by
an ARC Discovery grant. D.A.W. was supported by a Wallenberg Scholars
award.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0169-5347
J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL
JI Trends Ecol. Evol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 6
BP 331
EP 340
DI 10.1016/j.tree.2013.02.008
PG 10
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 168YA
UT WOS:000320742700008
PM 23561322
ER
PT J
AU Denmon, P
Watts, BD
Smith, FM
AF Denmon, Pamela
Watts, Bryan D.
Smith, Fletcher M.
TI Investigating American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus) Nest Failure
on Fisherman Island National Wildlife Refuge, Virginia, USA
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE American Oystercatcher; Haematopus palliatus; predation; reproductive
success; video monitoring; Virginia
ID BREEDING SUCCESS; PREDATORS; INCUBATION; ATLANTIC; BEHAVIOR; SIZE; FOOD
AB Nest failure has often been identified as a factor affecting American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus) survivorship. To examine causes of nest failure, small digital cameras were deployed between 6 April and 15 July 2005 on American Oystercatcher nests on Fisherman Island National Wildlife Refuge located in Northampton County, Virginia. Twenty-five attempts, representing 22 different pairs, were recorded resulting in 7,570 hr of video footage. Nest survivorship was 44% (n = 11). High tide events associated with coastal storms were the largest source of nest loss (24%, n = 6), followed by predation on eggs (16%, n = 4). Nest abandonment, unknown factors, and infertile eggs accounted for the remaining 16% (n = 4) of nests. The main predator was Fish Crows (Corvus ossifragus). While American Oystercatchers were incubating, 211 instances were recorded where individuals of 22 species entered the field of view of video cameras. The most common species entering included Boat-tailed Grackle (Quiscalus major) (22.7%), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) (11.4%), Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) (10.9%), Willet (Tringa semipalmata) (9.0%), and ghost crab (Ocypode quadrata) (7.1%). A wide range of responses to intruders from no reaction to permanent nest abandonment were displayed by incubating American Oystercatchers The majority (65.9%, n = 139) of encounters were met with no reaction followed by fleeing the nest area (17.5%, n = 37), chasing the intruder (8.5%, n = 18), piping (7.6%, n = 16), and abandoning the nest (< 1.0%, n = 1). All predation events occurred when American Oystercatchers left nests unattended. Received 14 March 2011, accepted 23 December 2012.
C1 [Denmon, Pamela] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Eastern Shore Virginia Natl Wildlife Refuge, Cape Charles, VA 23313 USA.
[Watts, Bryan D.; Smith, Fletcher M.] Coll William & Mary, Ctr Conservat Biol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
RP Denmon, P (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Eastern Shore Virginia Natl Wildlife Refuge, Cape Charles, VA 23313 USA.
EM pamela_denmon@fws.gov
FU College of William and Mary; Eastern Shore of Virginia National Wildlife
Refuge; Center for Conservation Biology at the College of William and
Mary
FX S. Rice and the entire staff of Eastern Shore of Virginia National
Wildlife Refuge provided guidance and logistical support for this
project. J. Nemeth and C. Malachowski conducted field work, video
review, and data entry. B. Paxton provided project oversight. L.
Whitaker, C. Adams, R. Peace, A. Womack, G. Sciole, M. Roberts and C.
Pope provided important administrative support from the College of
William and Mary. We thank A. Wilke and R. Boettcher and two anonymous
reviewers for their comments on this manuscript. Funding was provided
through a cooperative agreement between the Eastern Shore of Virginia
National Wildlife Refuge and the Center for Conservation Biology at the
College of William and Mary. The findings and conclusions in this
article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 2
BP 156
EP 165
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 163NU
UT WOS:000320345000004
ER
PT J
AU Miller, MP
Gratto-Trevor, C
Haig, SM
Mizrahi, DS
Mitchell, MM
Mullins, TD
AF Miller, Mark P.
Gratto-Trevor, Cheri
Haig, Susan M.
Mizrahi, David S.
Mitchell, Melanie M.
Mullins, Thomas D.
TI Population Genetics and Evaluation of Genetic Evidence for Subspecies in
the Semipalmated Sandpiper (Calidris pusilla)
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Calidris pusilla; genetic structure; microsatellite DNA; migratory
connectivity; mitochondrial DNA; Semipalmated Sandpiper; subspecies
ID CONTROL-REGION SEQUENCES; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; ALLELE FREQUENCY
DATA; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY;
SHOREBIRDS; EVOLUTION; TESTS; GROWTH
AB Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) are among the most common North American shore-birds. Breeding in Arctic North America, this species displays regional differences in migratory pathways and possesses longitudinal bill length variation. Previous investigations suggested that genetic structure may occur within Semipalmated Sandpipers and that three subspecies corresponding to western, central, and eastern breeding groups exist. In this study, mitochondrial control region sequences and nuclear microsatellite loci were used to analyze DNA of birds (microsatellites: n = 120; mtDNA: n = 114) sampled from seven North American locations. Analyses designed to quantify genetic structure and diversity patterns, evaluate genetic evidence for population size changes, and determine if genetic data support the existence of Semipalmated Sandpiper subspecies were performed. Genetic structure based only on the mtDNA data was observed, whereas the microsatellite loci provided no evidence of genetic differentiation. Differentiation among locations and regions reflected allele frequency differences rather than separate phylogenedc groups, and similar levels of genetic diversity were noted. Combined, the two data sets provided no evidence to support the existence of subspecies and were not useful for determining migratory connectivity between breeding sites and wintering grounds. Birds from western and central groups displayed signatures of population expansions, whereas the eastern group was more consistent with a stable overall population. Results of this analysis suggest that the eastern group was the source of individuals that colonized the central and western regions currently utilized by Semipalmated Sandpipers. Received 6 August 2012, accepted 29 January 2013.
C1 [Miller, Mark P.; Haig, Susan M.; Mitchell, Melanie M.; Mullins, Thomas D.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Gratto-Trevor, Cheri] Environm Canada, Prairie & No Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife & Landscape Sci Directorate, Sci & Technol Branch, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X4, Canada.
[Mizrahi, David S.] New Jersey Audubon Soc, Cape May Court House, NJ 08210 USA.
RP Miller, MP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM mpmiller@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center;
Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada
FX We acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland
Ecosystem Science Center, and the Science and Technology Branch,
Environment Canada, for financial support. We would like to thank the
Canadian Wildlife Service (Environment Canada), Queen's University,
Manomet Centre for Conservation Sciences, and Cumulative Impacts
Monitoring Program (Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada)
for logistical support while collecting samples. Assistance in
collecting samples was provided by M. Colwell, V. Johnston, S. Pepper,
J. Rausch, and L. Pine. Work from this study was covered under the
following permits: USGS-Bird Banding Laboratory permit #21241;
Environment Canada scientific permit WSS-03-NWT/91; NWT Wildlife
Research permits 1700, WL000240, and WL001078; Environment Canada Animal
Care permits 1991-1995; Endangered/Threatened Species Wildlife Permit #
MA10833A-0; APHIS Permit for Importation and Transportation of
Controlled Materials and Organisms and Vectors (outside of U.S.)
#101946; and Migratory Bird Import/Export Permit #MB175920-0. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
EI 1938-5390
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 36
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BP 166
EP 178
PG 13
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 163NU
UT WOS:000320345000005
ER
PT J
AU Rogers, SL
Collazo, JA
Drew, CA
AF Rogers, Samantha L.
Collazo, Jaime A.
Drew, C. Ashton
TI King Rail (Rallus elegans) Occupancy and Abundance in Fire Managed
Coastal Marshes in North Carolina and Virginia
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE created marsh; fire management; King Rail; natural marsh; North
Carolina; occupancy; Rallus elegans; Virginia
ID SITE-OCCUPANCY; BIRDS; VEGETATION; RIVER
AB Curbing the declining trends of King Rails (Rallus elegans) that occupy freshwater emergent marshes requires an understanding of their ecology and response to management practices. King Rails were surveyed during the breeding season (March-June) at Back Bay and Mackay Island National Wildlife Refuges, Virginia and North Carolina, in 2009 and 2010. Twenty-two plots were surveyed in 2009 and 41 in 2010. Annual occupancy estimates were based on pooled data encompassing both refuges. In 2010, occupancy and abundance of King Rails were also estimated for each refuge and assessed with respect to fire management. Plots in 2010 were classified as recently burned (0-1 years-since-burn [YSB]) or >= 2 YSB. Occupancy probability was similar between 2009 (0.68 +/- 0.14) and 2010 (0.62 +/- 0.08). In 2010, occupancy probability was higher at Mackay Island (0.95 +/- 0.06) than Back Bay (0.69 +/- 0.13). Mean plot abundance (Mackay Island = 1.47 +/- 0.38; Back Bay = 0.66 +/- 0.22) was also higher. The probability of occupying 0-1 YSB plots was higher at both refuges (Mackay Island = 0.95 0.06; Back Bay = 0.72 +/- 0.20) when compared to a 2 YSB plots (Mackay Island = 0.69 0.13; Back Bay = 0.25 +/- 0.12). Location strongly influenced occupancy of King Rails. It is plausible that the marsh composition (natural vs. created) accounted for the observed differences in occupancy. Natural marshes may provide higher quality habitat (e.g., resource availability) for King Rails than created marshes. Received 9 March 2012, accepted 11 December 2012.
C1 [Rogers, Samantha L.; Drew, C. Ashton] N Carolina State Univ, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Collazo, Jaime A.] N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Rogers, SL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM slroger2@ncsu.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Web-less Migratory Game Bird Research
Program; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Quick Response Program
FX We thank the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Web-less Migratory Game Bird
Research Program and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Quick Response
Program for funding this project. We also thank Back Bay NWR, Mackay
Island NWR, False Cape State Park, and private landowners for allowing
access to their marshes. Field assistance was provided by C. Airy, K.
Flesness, P. Gugger, L. Handa, J. Jay, E. B. Kelly and D. Topolowski.
The manuscript benefited from the comments of D. Krementz and three
anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government.
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PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 2
BP 179
EP 188
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 163NU
UT WOS:000320345000006
ER
PT J
AU Austin, JE
Buhl, DA
AF Austin, Jane E.
Buhl, Deborah A.
TI Relating Yellow Rail (Coturnicops noveboracensis) Occupancy to Habitat
and Landscape Features in the Context of Fire
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coturnicops noveboracensis; habitat management; prescribed burning;
sedge meadow; Yellow Rail
ID ST-LAWRENCE-RIVER; SOUTHERN QUEBEC; SEDGE MEADOWS; VEGETATION;
WISCONSIN; CANADA
AB The Yellow Rail (Coturnicops noveboracensis) is a focal species of concern associated with shallowly flooded emergent wetlands, most commonly sedge (Carex spp.) meadows. Their populations are believed to be limited by loss or degradation of wetland habitat due to drainage, altered hydrology, and fire suppression, factors that have often resulted in encroachment of shrubs into sedge meadows and change in vegetative cover. Nocturnal call-playback surveys for Yellow Rails were conducted over 3 years at Seney National Wildlife Refuge in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Effects of habitat structure and landscape variables on the probability of use by Yellow Rails were assessed at two scales, representing a range of home range sizes, using generalized linear mixed models. At the 163-m (8-ha) scale, year with quadratic models of maximum and mean water depths best explained the data. At the 300-m (28-ha) scale, the best model contained year and time since last fire (<= 1, 2-5, and > 10 years). The probability of use by Yellow Rails was 0.285 +/- 0.132 (SE) for points burned 2-5 years ago, 0.253 +/- 0.097 for points burned <= 1 year ago, and 0.028 +/- 0.019 for points burned > 10 years ago. Habitat differences relative to fire history and comparisons between sites with and without Yellow Rails indicated that Yellow Rails used areas with the deepest litter and highest ground cover, and relatively low shrub cover and heights, as well as landscapes having greater sedge-grass cover and less lowland woody or upland cover types. Burning every 2-5 years appears to provide the litter, ground-level cover, and woody conditions attractive to Yellow Rails. Managers seeking to restore and sustain these wetland systems would benefit from further investigations into how flooding and fire create habitat conditions attractive to breeding Yellow Rails. Received 30 July 2012, accepted 30 January 2013.
C1 [Austin, Jane E.; Buhl, Deborah A.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
RP Austin, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM jaustin@usgs.gov
OI Austin, Jane/0000-0001-8775-2210
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
FX We thank D. Olson, Refuge Biologist, and G. Lindsay, Fire Management
Officer, at Seney NWR for their support and insightful discussions about
wetland and fire ecology. Seney NWR provided logistical support,
historic information, and GIS data. Funding was provided by the U.S.
Geological Survey's Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center. This
study was not possible without field assistance provided by N. Carle, J.
Edwards, C. Hanson, K. Marinoff, and B. Pauly. A. Given provided
valuable assistance during the pilot stage of this study. We thank T.
Cooper, S. King, and C. Butler, and an anonymous reviewer for their
comments on earlier drafts. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 60
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 31
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 2
BP 199
EP 213
PG 15
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 163NU
UT WOS:000320345000008
ER
PT J
AU Guyette, MQ
Loftin, CS
Zydlewski, J
AF Guyette, Margaret Q.
Loftin, Cynthia S.
Zydlewski, Joseph
TI Carcass analog addition enhances juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
growth and condition
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE-DERIVED NUTRIENTS; SOUTHEAST ALASKAN STREAMS; SIZE-SELECTIVE
MORTALITY; FRESH-WATER ENVIRONMENTS; SPAWNING COHO SALMON; FOOD WEBS;
ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; SOCKEYE-SALMON; LIFE-HISTORY; RESIDENT SALMONIDS
AB Our study used historic marine-derived nutrient (MDN) delivery timing to simulate potential effects of restored connectivity on juvenile Atlantic salmon (ATS; Salmo salar) growth and condition. Four headwater streams were stocked with ATS young of the year (YOY) and received carcass analog additions (0.10 kg.m(-2) wetted area) in treatment reaches to match the timing of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) spawning. Individual ATS mass was 33%-48% greater and standard length was 9%-15% greater in treatment reaches relative to control reaches for 4 months following nutrient additions. Percent total lipids in YOY ATS were twice as great in treatment reaches 1 month following carcass analog additions and remained elevated in treatment fish for 2 more months. Absolute growth rates, based on otolith microstructure analysis, correlated with water temperature fluctuations in all reaches and were elevated by an average of 0.07 mm.day(-1) in treatment reaches for 1 month following carcass analog additions. Simulated sea lamprey MDNs increased juvenile ATS growth, which, via potential increases in overwinter survival and decreases in smolt age, may contribute to population persistence and ecosystem productivity.
C1 [Guyette, Margaret Q.; Loftin, Cynthia S.; Zydlewski, Joseph] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Loftin, Cynthia S.; Zydlewski, Joseph] US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP Guyette, MQ (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM margaret.guyette@gmail.com
OI Guyette, Margaret/0000-0003-1998-0224
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; US Geological Survey;
Department of Wildlife Ecology at the University of Maine, Orono, Maine,
USA
FX Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, the US Geological Survey, and the Department of Wildlife
Ecology at the University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA. The authors thank
the landowners for their generosity in allowing access to their land.
The manuscript was improved with a review provided by Keith Nislow and
two anonymous reviewers. The research was performed under University of
Maine approved IACUC Protocol No. 2008-07-01. Mention of trade names and
commercial parts does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for
use by the US Government.
NR 78
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 27
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 6
BP 860
EP 870
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0496
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 160FC
UT WOS:000320101500006
ER
PT J
AU Schenk, ER
Hupp, CR
Gellis, A
Noe, G
AF Schenk, Edward R.
Hupp, Cliff R.
Gellis, Allen
Noe, Greg
TI Developing a new stream metric for comparing stream function using a
bank-floodplain sediment budget: a case study of three Piedmont streams
SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment budget; rivers; streams; Chesapeake Bay; legacy sediment;
floodplain trapping factor; contingency
ID MID-ATLANTIC; PATTERNS; MARYLAND; EROSION; RIVER; STRATIGRAPHY;
WISCONSIN; EVOLUTION; DRAINAGE; PROVINCE
AB A bank and floodplain sediment budget was created for three Piedmont streams tributary to the Chesapeake Bay. The watersheds of each stream varied in land use from urban (Difficult Run) to urbanizing (Little Conestoga Creek) to agricultural (Linganore Creek). The purpose of the study was to determine the relation between geomorphic parameters and sediment dynamics and to develop a floodplain trapping metric for comparing streams with variable characteristics. Net site sediment budgets were best explained by gradient at Difficult Run, floodplain width at Little Conestoga Creek, and the relation of channel cross-sectional area to floodplain width at Linganore Creek. A correlation for all streams indicated that net site sediment budget was best explained by relative floodplain width (ratio of channel width to floodplain width). A new geomorphic metric, the floodplain trapping factor, was used to compare sediment budgets between streams with differing suspended sediment yields. Site sediment budgets were normalized by floodplain area and divided by the stream's sediment yield to provide a unitless measure of floodplain sediment trapping. A floodplain trapping factor represents the amount of upland sediment that a particular floodplain site can trap (e.g. a factor of 5 would indicate that a particular floodplain site traps the equivalent of 5 times that area in upland erosional source area). Using this factor we determined that Linganore Creek had the highest gross and net (floodplain deposition minus bank erosion) floodplain trapping factor (107 and 46, respectively) that Difficult Run the lowest gross floodplain trapping factor (29) and Little Conestoga Creek had the lowest net floodplain trapping factor (-14, indicating that study sites were net contributors to the suspended sediment load). The trapping factor is a robust metric for comparing three streams of varied watershed and geomorphic character, it promises to be a useful tool for future stream assessments. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Schenk, Edward R.; Hupp, Cliff R.; Noe, Greg] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Gellis, Allen] US Geol Survey, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
RP Schenk, ER (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr Mail Stop 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM eschenk@usgs.gov
OI Noe, Gregory/0000-0002-6661-2646; Schenk, Edward/0000-0001-6886-5754
FU US Geological Survey's Priority Ecosystems and National Research
Programs; Frederick County Maryland
FX We would like to thank all of the field assistance we have received over
the years including Dan Kroes, Mike Shackleford, Katie Brutsche, Russ
Gray, Marshall Yacoe, Lauren Page, and Pat Kelly. The manuscript was
improved by comments and suggestions provided by Adam Benthem, Waite
Osterkamp, Scott Ensign, and anonymous journal reviewers. Funding for
this research came from the US Geological Survey's Priority Ecosystems
and National Research Programs, and Frederick County Maryland.
NR 53
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0197-9337
J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND
JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 8
BP 771
EP 784
DI 10.1002/esp.3314
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 164CT
UT WOS:000320387100001
ER
PT J
AU Bazilevskaya, E
Lebedeva, M
Pavich, M
Rother, G
Parkinson, DY
Cole, D
Brantley, SL
AF Bazilevskaya, Ekaterina
Lebedeva, Marina
Pavich, Milan
Rother, Gernot
Parkinson, Dilworth Y.
Cole, David
Brantley, Susan L.
TI Where fast weathering creates thin regolith and slow weathering creates
thick regolith
SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
LA English
DT Article
DE regolith thickness; fluid transport; neutron scattering; geomorphology;
nanoporosity
ID LUQUILLO MOUNTAINS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; VIRGINIA PIEDMONT;
NORTH-CAROLINA; PUERTO-RICO; LONG-TERM; RATES; GRANITE; SAPROLITE; ROCKS
AB Weathering disaggregates rock into regolith - the fractured or granular earth material that sustains life on the continental land surface. Here, we investigate what controls the depth of regolith formed on ridges of two rock compositions with similar initial porosities in Virginia (USA). A priori, we predicted that the regolith on diabase would be thicker than on granite because the dominant mineral (feldspar) in the diabase weathers faster than its granitic counterpart. However, weathering advanced 20x deeper into the granite than the diabase. The 20x-thicker regolith is attributed mainly to connected micron-sized pores, microfractures formed around oxidizing biotite at 20m depth, and the lower iron (Fe) content in the felsic rock. Such porosity allows pervasive advection and deep oxidation in the granite. These observations may explain why regolith worldwide is thicker on felsic compared to mafic rock under similar conditions. To understand regolith formation will require better understanding of such deep oxidation reactions and how they impact fluid flow during weathering. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Bazilevskaya, Ekaterina; Lebedeva, Marina; Brantley, Susan L.] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Pavich, Milan] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Rother, Gernot] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Geochem & Interfacial Sci Grp, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Parkinson, Dilworth Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cole, David] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Bazilevskaya, E (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM eab204@psu.edu
RI Rother, Gernot/B-7281-2008; Parkinson, Dilworth/A-2974-2015
OI Rother, Gernot/0000-0003-4921-6294; Parkinson,
Dilworth/0000-0002-1817-0716
FU DOE [DE-FG02-05ER15675]; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), US Department of
Energy (DOE); DOE OBES as part of an Energy Frontier Research Center led
by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Office of Science, DOE OBES
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST), US Department of Commerce; National Science Foundation
[DMR-0944772]
FX EB and SLB acknowledge DOE grant #DE-FG02-05ER15675. GR was sponsored by
the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), US Department of Energy (DOE). DRC was
supported by the DOE OBES as part of an Energy Frontier Research Center
led by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The Advanced Light Source
is supported by the Director, Office of Science, DOE OBES under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors acknowledge the support of the
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), US Department of
Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities used in this
work. Neutron scattering measurements utilized facilities supported in
part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772.
The authors acknowledge two anonymous reviews that improved the
manuscript, as well as conversations with David Mildner and other NIST
staff. SLB also acknowledges helpful discussions with Jean-Jacques
Braun. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 70
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 51
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0197-9337
J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND
JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 8
BP 847
EP 858
DI 10.1002/esp.3369
PG 12
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 164CT
UT WOS:000320387100007
ER
PT J
AU Price, JR
Rice, KC
Szymanski, DW
AF Price, Jason R.
Rice, Karen C.
Szymanski, David W.
TI Mass-balance modeling of mineral weathering rates and CO2 consumption in
the forested, metabasaltic Hauver Branch watershed, Catoctin Mountain,
Maryland, USA
SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
LA English
DT Review
DE metabasalt chemical weathering; biomass nutrient uptake stoichiometry;
watershed mass balance; CO2 consumption; saprolitization rates
ID SOUTHERN BLUE RIDGE; EPIDOTE-GROUP MINERALS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CHEMICAL
EVOLUTION; NANOMETER-SCALE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; UNITED-STATES; SOLUTE
FLUXES; CHEMISTRY; RIVER
AB Mineral weathering rates and a forest macronutrient uptake stoichiometry were determined for the forested, metabasaltic Hauver Branch watershed in north-central Maryland, USA. Previous studies of Hauver Branch have had an insufficient number of analytes to permit determination of rates of all the minerals involved in chemical weathering, including biomass. More equations in the mass-balance matrix were added using existing mineralogic information. The stoichiometry of a deciduous biomass term was determined using multi-year weekly to biweekly stream-water chemistry for a nearby watershed, which drains relatively unreactive quartzite bedrock. At Hauver Branch, calcite hosts similar to 38mol% of the calcium ion (Ca2+) contained in weathering minerals, but its weathering provides similar to 90% of the stream water Ca2+. This occurs in a landscape with a regolith residence time of more than several Ka (kiloannum). Previous studies indicate that such old regolith does not typically contain dissolving calcite that affects stream Ca2+/Na+ ratios. The relatively high calcite dissolution rate likely reflects dissolution of calcite in fractures of the deep critical zone. Of the carbon dioxide (CO2) consumed by mineral weathering, calcite is responsible for approximately 27%, with the silicate weathering consumption rate far exceeding that of the global average. The chemical weathering of mafic terrains in decaying orogens thus may be capable of influencing global geochemical cycles, and therefore, climate, on geological timescales. Based on carbon-balance calculations, atmospheric-derived sulfuric acid is responsible for approximately 22% of the mineral weathering occurring in the watershed. Our results suggest that rising air temperatures, driven by global warming and resulting in higher precipitation, will cause the rate of chemical weathering in the Hauver Branch watershed to increase until a threshold temperature is reached. Beyond the threshold temperature, increased recharge would produce a shallower groundwater table and reduced chemical weathering rates. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Price, Jason R.] Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Earth Sci, Millersville, PA 17551 USA.
[Rice, Karen C.] US Geol Survey, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[Szymanski, David W.] Bentley Univ, Dept Nat & Appl Sci, Waltham, MA USA.
RP Price, JR (reprint author), Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Earth Sci, POB 1002, Millersville, PA 17551 USA.
EM Jason.Price@millersville.edu
RI Rice, Karen/A-8945-2013;
OI Rice, Karen/0000-0002-9356-5443
NR 124
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0197-9337
J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND
JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 8
BP 859
EP 875
DI 10.1002/esp.3373
PG 17
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 164CT
UT WOS:000320387100008
ER
PT J
AU Harpold, AA
Burns, DA
Walter, MT
Steenhuis, TS
AF Harpold, Adrian A.
Burns, Douglas A.
Walter, M. T.
Steenhuis, Tammo S.
TI Hydrogeomorphology explains acidification-driven variation in aquatic
biological communities in the Neversink Basin, USA
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE aquatic biota; geomorphology; hydrology; Neversink watershed; New York
State; USA; stream acidity; watershed
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; NEW-YORK-STATE; CATSKILL MOUNTAINS; STREAM
CHEMISTRY; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS; EPISODIC
ACIDIFICATION; FISH COMMUNITIES; REDUCED LEVELS; LOW-FLOW
AB Describing the distribution of aquatic habitats and the health of biological communities can be costly and time-consuming; therefore, simple, inexpensive methods to scale observations of aquatic biota to watersheds that lack data would be useful. In this study, we explored the potential of a simple "hydrogeomorphic'' model to predict the effects of acid deposition on macroinvertebrate, fish, and diatom communities in 28 sub-watersheds of the 176-km(-2) Neversink River basin in the Catskill Mountains of New York State. The empirical model was originally developed to predict stream-water acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) using the watershed slope and drainage density. Because ANC is known to be strongly related to aquatic biological communities in the Neversink, we speculated that the model might correlate well with biotic indicators of ANC response. The hydrogeomorphic model was strongly correlated to several measures of macroinvertebrate and fish community richness and density, but less strongly correlated to diatom acid tolerance. The model was also strongly correlated to biological communities in 18 sub-watersheds independent of the model development, with the linear correlation capturing the strongly acidic nature of small upland watersheds (<1 km(-2)). Overall, we demonstrated the applicability of geospatial data sets and a simple hydrogeomorphic model for estimating aquatic biological communities in areas with stream-water acidification, allowing estimates where no direct field observations are available. Similar modeling approaches have the potential to complement or refine expensive and time-consuming measurements of aquatic biota populations and to aid in regional assessments of aquatic health.
C1 [Harpold, Adrian A.; Walter, M. T.; Steenhuis, Tammo S.] Cornell Univ, Biol & Environm Engn Dept, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Burns, Douglas A.] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
RP Harpold, AA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM adrian.harpold@gmail.com
OI Harpold, Adrian/0000-0002-2566-9574
FU National Science Foundation; Andrew W. Mellon Research Grant; IGERT
Small Grant in Cross-Scale Biogeochemistry and Climate at Cornell
University
FX The first author was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate
Research Fellowship. Research costs were supported by an Andrew W.
Mellon Research Grant and an IGERT Small Grant in Cross-Scale
Biogeochemistry and Climate at Cornell University provided to the first
author. We thank the researchers who collected the biological and
chemical data sets. We appreciated the reviews by Barry Baldigo and
three anonymous reviewers.
NR 50
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 31
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 23
IS 4
BP 791
EP 800
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 160GE
UT WOS:000320105100009
PM 23865230
ER
PT J
AU Knick, ST
Hanser, SE
Preston, KL
AF Knick, Steven T.
Hanser, Steven E.
Preston, Kristine L.
TI Modeling ecological minimum requirements for distribution of greater
sage-grouse leks: implications for population connectivity across their
western range, USA
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecological minimums; greater sage-grouse; landscape modeling;
partitioned Mahalanobis D2; population connectivity; sagebrush; species
distribution models
ID SAGEBRUSH ECOSYSTEMS; ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; NORTH-AMERICA; ANNUAL GRASS;
LAND-USE; HABITAT; CONSERVATION; PERSISTENCE; PREDICTION; DYNAMICS
AB Greater sage-grouse Centrocercus urophasianus (Bonaparte) currently occupy approximately half of their historical distribution across western North America. Sage-grouse are a candidate for endangered species listing due to habitat and population fragmentation coupled with inadequate regulation to control development in critical areas. Conservation planning would benefit from accurate maps delineating required habitats and movement corridors. However, developing a species distribution model that incorporates the diversity of habitats used by sage-grouse across their widespread distribution has statistical and logistical challenges. We first identified the ecological minimums limiting sage-grouse, mapped similarity to the multivariate set of minimums, and delineated connectivity across a 920,000km2 region. We partitioned a Mahalanobis D2 model of habitat use into k separate additive components each representing independent combinations of species-habitat relationships to identify the ecological minimums required by sage-grouse. We constructed the model from abiotic, land cover, and anthropogenic variables measured at leks (breeding) and surrounding areas within 5km. We evaluated model partitions using a random subset of leks and historic locations and selected D2 (k=10) for mapping a habitat similarity index (HSI). Finally, we delineated connectivity by converting the mapped HSI to a resistance surface. Sage-grouse required sagebrush-dominated landscapes containing minimal levels of human land use. Sage-grouse used relatively arid regions characterized by shallow slopes, even terrain, and low amounts of forest, grassland, and agriculture in the surrounding landscape. Most populations were interconnected although several outlying populations were isolated because of distance or lack of habitat corridors for exchange. Land management agencies currently are revising land-use plans and designating critical habitat to conserve sage-grouse and avoid endangered species listing. Our results identifying attributes important for delineating habitats or modeling connectivity will facilitate conservation and management of landscapes important for supporting current and future sage-grouse populations.
C1 [Knick, Steven T.; Hanser, Steven E.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Preston, Kristine L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Ctr Conservat Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
RP Knick, ST (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
EM steve_knick@usgs.gov
OI Hanser, Steven/0000-0002-4430-2073
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Great Northern Landscape
Conservation Cooperative; United States Geological Survey; University of
California, Riverside
FX Funding for this project was provided by the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service, Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative.
Ancillary support was provided by the United States Geological Survey
and the University of California, Riverside.
NR 59
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 4
U2 59
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 6
BP 1539
EP 1551
DI 10.1002/ece3.557
PG 13
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 162OJ
UT WOS:000320274400011
PM 23789066
ER
PT J
AU Wu, YP
Chen, J
AF Wu, Yiping
Chen, Ji
TI Analyzing the Water Budget and Hydrological Characteristics and
Responses to Land Use in a Monsoonal Climate River Basin in South China
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Distributed model; East River (Dongjiang); Hydrological characteristics;
Land use; Streamflow; SWAT
ID ASSESSMENT-TOOL SWAT; RESOURCES MANAGEMENT; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; MODEL
DEVELOPMENT; EAST RIVER; CALIBRATION; SOIL; SENSITIVITY; VALIDATION;
RESERVOIR
AB Hydrological models have been increasingly used by hydrologists and water resource managers to understand natural processes and human activities that affect watersheds. In this study, we use the physically based model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), to investigate the hydrological processes in the East River Basin in South China, a coastal area dominated by monsoonal climate. The SWAT model was calibrated using 8-year (1973-1980) record of the daily streamflow at the basin outlet (Boluo station), and then validated using data collected during the subsequent 8 years (1981-1988). Statistical evaluation shows that SWAT can consistently simulate the streamflow of the East River with monthly Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies of 0.93 for calibration and 0.90 for validation at the Boluo station. We analyzed the model simulations with calibrated parameters, presented the spatiotemporal distribution of the key hydrological components, and quantified their responses to different land uses. Watershed managers can use the results of this study to understand hydrological features and evaluate water resources of the East River in terms of sustainable development and effective management.
C1 [Wu, Yiping] US Geol Survey, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Wu, Yiping; Chen, Ji] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Civil Engn, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Wu, YP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM ywu@usgs.gov; jichen@hku.hk
RI Wu, Yiping/D-2276-2012; Chen, Ji/C-1795-2009
OI Wu, Yiping/0000-0002-5163-0884;
FU HKSAR RGC GRF Project [HKU 710910E]; USGS [G08PC91508]
FX The financial support for our study came from a HKSAR RGC GRF Project
(HKU 710910E). Part of this work was performed under the USGS contract
G08PC91508. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We
thank Devendra Dahal (Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies, a contractor to
USGS EROS) for his comments on the early draft and thank Elisabeth
Brouwers and Sandra Cooper (USGS) for further reviews to improve the
paper quality. We also thank the Editor and two anonymous reviewers for
their invaluable and constructive comments and suggestions.
NR 67
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 40
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 6
BP 1174
EP 1186
DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0045-5
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 157FS
UT WOS:000319882000007
PM 23609306
ER
PT J
AU Stonestrom, DA
Andraski, BJ
Cooper, CA
Mayers, CJ
Michel, RL
AF Stonestrom, David A.
Andraski, Brian J.
Cooper, Clay A.
Mayers, C. Justin
Michel, Robert L.
TI On the conversion of tritium units to mass fractions for hydrologic
applications
SO ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
DE contaminant plumes; groundwater; hydrogen-2; hydrogen-3; mass
fractionation; radioactive nuclides; tritium units
AB We develop a general equation for converting laboratory-reported tritium levels, expressed either as concentrations (tritium isotope number fractions) or mass-based specific activities, to mass fractions in aqueous systems. Assuming that all tritium is in the form of monotritiated water simplifies the derivation and is shown to be reasonable for most environmental settings encountered in practice. The general equation is nonlinear. For tritium concentrations c less than 4.5x10(12) tritium units (TU) - i.e. specific tritium activities<5.3x10(11)Bqkg(-1) - the mass fraction w of tritiated water is approximated to within 1 part per million by w approximate to cx2.22293x10(-18), i.e. the conversion is linear for all practical purposes. Terrestrial abundances serve as a proxy for non-tritium isotopes in the absence of sample-specific data. Variation in the relative abundances of non-tritium isotopes in the terrestrial hydrosphere produces a minimum range for the mantissa of the conversion factor of [2.22287; 2.22300].
C1 [Stonestrom, David A.; Michel, Robert L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Andraski, Brian J.; Mayers, C. Justin] US Geol Survey, Carson, CA USA.
[Cooper, Clay A.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
RP Stonestrom, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dastones@usgs.gov
OI Stonestrom, David/0000-0001-7883-3385
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1025-6016
EI 1477-2639
J9 ISOT ENVIRON HEALT S
JI Isot. Environ. Health Stud.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 2
BP 250
EP 256
DI 10.1080/10256016.2013.766610
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 159BA
UT WOS:000320017800009
PM 23464868
ER
PT J
AU McCullough, IM
Loftin, CS
Sader, SA
AF McCullough, Ian M.
Loftin, Cynthia S.
Sader, Steven A.
TI Lakes without Landsat? An alternative approach to remote lake monitoring
with MODIS 250m imagery
SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Landsat; Maine; MODIS; remote monitoring; scale; Secchi; water clarity
ID WATER CLARITY; QUALITY
AB We evaluated use of MODIS 250m imagery for remote lake monitoring in Maine. Despite limited spectral resolution (visible red and near infrared bands), the twice daily image capture has a potential advantage over conventionally used, often cloudy Landsat imagery (16day interval) when short time windows are of interest. We analyzed 364 eligible (100 ha) Maine lakes during late summer (Aug-early Sep) 2000-2011. The red band was strongly correlated with natural log-transformed Secchi depth (SD), and the addition of ancillary lake and watershed variables explained some variability in ln(SD) (R-2 = 0.68-0.85; 9 models). Weak spectral resolution and variable lake conditions limited accurate lake monitoring to relatively productive periods in late summer, as indicated by inconsistent, sometimes weak regressions during June and July when lakes were clearer and less stable (R-2 = 0.19-0.74; 8 models). Additionally, SD estimates derived from 2 sets of concurrent MODIS and Landsat imagery generally did not agree unless Landsat imagery (30m) was resampled to 250m, likely owing to various factors related to scale. Average MODIS estimates exceeded those of Landsat by 0.35 and 0.49m on the 2 dates. Overall, MODIS 250m imagery are potentially useful for remote lake monitoring during productive periods when Landsat data are unavailable; however, analyses must occur when algal communities are stable and well-developed, are biased toward large lakes, may overestimate SD, and accuracy may be unreliable without non-spectral lake predictors.
C1 [McCullough, Ian M.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Loftin, Cynthia S.] US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Sader, Steven A.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP McCullough, IM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Donald Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, 2400 Bren Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM imccullough@bren.ucsb.edu
FU Maine Department of Environmental Protection (MDEP); US Geological
Survey Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; University of
Maine
FX This study was made possible through financial support from the Maine
Department of Environmental Protection (MDEP), the US Geological Survey
Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and the University of
Maine. Field-collected Secchi data used in this study were gathered,
compiled, and shared by MDEP and the Maine Volunteer Lake Monitoring
Program. Spatial and lake bathymetric data were provided by MDEP and the
Maine Office of GIS. Comments and suggestions provided by Dr. Aram J.K.
Calhoun of the University of Maine and 3 anonymous reviewers improved
this manuscript. Mention of trade names and commercial parts does not
constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the US Government.
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 16
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1040-2381
J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE
JI Lake Reserv. Manag.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 2
BP 89
EP 98
DI 10.1080/10402381.2013.778926
PG 10
WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
GA 159YJ
UT WOS:000320082900001
ER
PT J
AU Francy, DS
Bushon, RN
Brady, AMG
Kephart, CM
AF Francy, Donna S.
Bushon, Rebecca N.
Brady, Amie M. G.
Kephart, Christopher M.
TI Comparing rapid and culture indicator bacteria methods at inland lake
beaches
SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE enterococci; Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; indicator bacteria; inland
lakes; qPCR; rapid methods
ID ENTEROCOCCUS SPP.; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; QUANTITATIVE PCR; WATER-QUALITY;
CALIFORNIA
AB A rapid method, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), for quantifying indicator bacteria in recreational waters is desirable for public health protection. We report that replacing current Escherichia coli standards with new US Environmental Protection Agency beach action values (BAVs) for enterococci by culture or qPCR may result in more advisories being posted at inland recreational lakes. In this study, concentrations of E. coli and enterococci by culture methods were compared to concentrations of Enterococcus spp. by qPCR at 3 inland lake beaches in Ohio. The E. coli and enterococci culture results were significantly related at all beaches; however, the relations between culture results and Enterococcus spp. qPCR results were not always significant and differed among beaches. All the qPCR results exceeded the new BAV for Enterococcus spp. by qPCR, whereas only 23.7% of culture results for E. coli and 79% of culture results for enterococci exceeded the current standard for E. coli or BAV for enterococci.
C1 [Francy, Donna S.; Bushon, Rebecca N.; Brady, Amie M. G.; Kephart, Christopher M.] US Geol Survey, Ohio Water Sci Ctr, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
RP Francy, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ohio Water Sci Ctr, 6480 Doubletree Ave, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
EM dsfrancy@usgs.gov
FU Ohio Water Development Authority; US Geological Survey Cooperative Water
program
FX Support for this study was provided by the Ohio Water Development
Authority and the US Geological Survey Cooperative Water program.
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 13
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1040-2381
J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE
JI Lake Reserv. Manag.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 2
BP 99
EP 102
DI 10.1080/10402381.2013.789941
PG 4
WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
GA 159YJ
UT WOS:000320082900002
ER
PT J
AU Bolker, BM
Gardner, B
Maunder, M
Berg, CW
Brooks, M
Comita, L
Crone, E
Cubaynes, S
Davies, T
de Valpine, P
Ford, J
Gimenez, O
Kery, M
Kim, EJ
Lennert-Cody, C
Magnusson, A
Martell, S
Nash, J
Nielsen, A
Regetz, J
Skaug, H
Zipkin, E
AF Bolker, Benjamin M.
Gardner, Beth
Maunder, Mark
Berg, Casper W.
Brooks, Mollie
Comita, Liza
Crone, Elizabeth
Cubaynes, Sarah
Davies, Trevor
de Valpine, Perry
Ford, Jessica
Gimenez, Olivier
Kery, Marc
Kim, Eun Jung
Lennert-Cody, Cleridy
Magnusson, Arni
Martell, Steve
Nash, John
Nielsen, Anders
Regetz, Jim
Skaug, Hans
Zipkin, Elise
TI Strategies for fitting nonlinear ecological models in R, AD Model
Builder, and BUGS
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE JAGS; optimization; parameter estimation; R; AD Model Builder; WinBUGS
ID HIERARCHICAL-MODELS; DATA CLONING; LIKELIHOOD; INFERENCE; COMPLEXITY;
DYNAMICS; FIT
AB Ecologists often use nonlinear fitting techniques to estimate the parameters of complex ecological models, with attendant frustration. This paper compares three open-source model fitting tools and discusses general strategies for defining and fitting models. R is convenient and (relatively) easy to learn, AD Model Builder is fast and robust but comes with a steep learning curve, while BUGS provides the greatest flexibility at the price of speed. Our model-fitting suggestions range from general cultural advice (where possible, use the tools and models that are most common in your subfield) to specific suggestions about how to change the mathematical description of models to make them more amenable to parameter estimation. A companion web site (https://groups.nceas.ucsb.edu/nonlinear-modeling/projects) presents detailed examples of application of the three tools to a variety of typical ecological estimation problems; each example links both to a detailed project report and to full source code and data.
C1 [Bolker, Benjamin M.] McMaster Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
[Bolker, Benjamin M.] McMaster Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
[Gardner, Beth; Zipkin, Elise] USGS, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
[Maunder, Mark; Lennert-Cody, Cleridy] Interamer Trop Tuna Commiss, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Berg, Casper W.; Nielsen, Anders] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Inst Aquat Resources, Charlottenlund, Denmark.
[Brooks, Mollie] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Comita, Liza; Regetz, Jim] Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
[Crone, Elizabeth] Harvard Univ, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA USA.
[Cubaynes, Sarah; Gimenez, Olivier] CNRS, Ctr Ecol Fonct & Evolut, F-34033 Montpellier, France.
[Davies, Trevor] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS, Canada.
[de Valpine, Perry] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ford, Jessica] Univ Tasmania, CSIRO, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Sandy Bay, Tas, Australia.
[Kery, Marc] Swiss Ornithol Inst, Sempach, Switzerland.
[Kim, Eun Jung] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Magnusson, Arni] Marine Res Inst, IS-121 Reykjavik, Iceland.
[Martell, Steve] Univ British Columbia, UBC Fisheries Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Nash, John] Univ Ottawa, Telfer Sch Management, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Skaug, Hans] Univ Bergen, Dept Math, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.
RP Bolker, BM (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Math & Stat, 1280 King St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
EM bolker@mcmaster.ca
RI Gimenez, Olivier/G-4281-2010; Magnusson, Arni/J-5845-2012; Nielsen,
Anders/I-2536-2016;
OI Magnusson, Arni/0000-0003-2769-6741; Comita, Liza/0000-0002-9169-1331;
Bolker, Benjamin/0000-0002-2127-0443
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; NSERC
FX The National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis supported this
work. B.M.B. was further supported by an NSERC Discovery Grant. Any use
of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 66
TC 31
Z9 33
U1 11
U2 102
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2041-210X
EI 2041-2096
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 6
BP 501
EP 512
DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12044
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 160KA
UT WOS:000320117200001
ER
PT J
AU Royle, JA
Chandler, RB
Sun, CC
Fuller, AK
AF Royle, J. Andrew
Chandler, Richard B.
Sun, Catherine C.
Fuller, Angela K.
TI Integrating resource selection information with spatial
capture-recapture
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE animal movement; animal sampling; encounter probability; hierarchical
modeling; marginal likelihood; resource selection; space usage; spatial
capture-recapture
ID DENSITY-ESTIMATION; HABITAT SELECTION; ANIMAL MOVEMENT; TELEMETRY DATA;
BLACK BEARS; HOME-RANGE; DNA DATA; INFERENCE; MODELS; INDIVIDUALS
AB Understanding space usage and resource selection is a primary focus of many studies of animal populations. Usually, such studies are based on location data obtained from telemetry, and resource selection functions (RSFs) are used for inference. Another important focus of wildlife research is estimation and modeling population size and density. Recently developed spatial capture-recapture (SCR) models accomplish this objective using individual encounter history data with auxiliary spatial information on location of capture. SCR models include encounter probability functions that are intuitively related to RSFs, but to date, no one has extended SCR models to allow for explicit inference about space usage and resource selection. In this paper we develop the first statistical framework for jointly modeling space usage, resource selection, and population density by integrating SCR data, such as from camera traps, mist-nets, or conventional catch traps, with resource selection data from telemetered individuals. We provide a framework for estimation based on marginal likelihood, wherein we estimate simultaneously the parameters of the SCR and RSF models. Our method leads to increases in precision for estimating parameters of ordinary SCR models. Importantly, we also find that SCR models alone can estimate parameters of RSFs and, as such, SCR methods can be used as the sole source for studying space-usage; however, precision will be higher when telemetry data are available. Finally, we find that SCR models using standard symmetric and stationary encounter probability models may not fully explain variation in encounter probability due to space usage, and therefore produce biased estimates of density when animal space usage is related to resource selection. Consequently, it is important that space usage be taken into consideration, if possible, in studies focused on estimating density using capture-recapture methods.
C1 [Royle, J. Andrew; Chandler, Richard B.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Sun, Catherine C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Fuller, Angela K.] Cornell Univ, US Geol Survey, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Royle, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM aroyle@usgs.gov
RI Chandler, Richard/D-8831-2014; Chandler, Richard/F-9702-2016;
OI Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
FU New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
FX Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. Funding and
support for the black bear study was provided by the New York State
Department of Environmental Conservation.
NR 40
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 92
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2041-210X
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 6
BP 520
EP 530
DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12039
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 160KA
UT WOS:000320117200003
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, RI
Admire, AR
Borrero, JC
Dengler, LA
Legg, MR
Lynett, P
McCrink, TP
Miller, KM
Ritchie, A
Sterling, K
Whitmore, PM
AF Wilson, Rick I.
Admire, Amanda R.
Borrero, Jose C.
Dengler, Lori A.
Legg, Mark R.
Lynett, Patrick
McCrink, Timothy P.
Miller, Kevin M.
Ritchie, Andy
Sterling, Kara
Whitmore, Paul M.
TI Observations and Impacts from the 2010 Chilean and 2011 Japanese
Tsunamis in California (USA)
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Tsunami; field observations; warning center; maritime; damage;
California
AB The coast of California was significantly impacted by two recent teletsunami events, one originating off the coast of Chile on February 27, 2010 and the other off Japan on March 11, 2011. These tsunamis caused extensive inundation and damage along the coast of their respective source regions. For the 2010 tsunami, the NOAA West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center issued a state-wide Tsunami Advisory based on forecasted tsunami amplitudes ranging from 0.18 to 1.43 m with the highest amplitudes predicted for central and southern California. For the 2011 tsunami, a Tsunami Warning was issued north of Point Conception and a Tsunami Advisory south of that location, with forecasted amplitudes ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 m, the highest expected for Crescent City. Because both teletsunamis arrived during low tide, the potential for significant inundation of dry land was greatly reduced during both events. However, both events created rapid water-level fluctuations and strong currents within harbors and along beaches, causing extensive damage in a number of harbors and challenging emergency managers in coastal jurisdictions. Field personnel were deployed prior to each tsunami to observe and measure physical effects at the coast. Post-event survey teams and questionnaires were used to gather information from both a physical effects and emergency response perspective. During the 2010 tsunami, a maximum tsunami amplitude of 1.2 m was observed at Pismo Beach, and over $3-million worth of damage to boats and docks occurred in nearly a dozen harbors, most significantly in Santa Cruz, Ventura, Mission Bay, and northern Shelter Island in San Diego Bay. During the 2011 tsunami, the maximum amplitude was measured at 2.47 m in Crescent City Harbor with over $50-million in damage to two dozen harbors. Those most significantly affected were Crescent City, Noyo River, Santa Cruz, Moss Landing, and southern Shelter Island. During both events, people on docks and near the ocean became at risk to injury with one fatality occurring during the 2011 tsunami at the mouth of the Klamath River. Evaluations of maximum forecasted tsunami amplitudes indicate that the average percent error was 38 and 28 % for the 2010 and 2011 events, respectively. Due to these recent events, the California tsunami program is developing products that will help: (1) the maritime community better understand tsunami hazards within their harbors, as well as if and where boats should go offshore to be safe, and (2) emergency managers develop evacuation plans for relatively small "Warning" level events where extensive evacuation is not required. Because tsunami-induced currents were responsible for most of the damage in these two events, modeled current velocity estimates should be incorporated into future forecast products from the warning centers.
C1 [Wilson, Rick I.; McCrink, Timothy P.] Calif Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[Admire, Amanda R.; Dengler, Lori A.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Geol, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Borrero, Jose C.; Lynett, Patrick] Univ So Calif, Tsunami Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Legg, Mark R.] Legg Geophys, Huntington Beach, CA 92647 USA.
[Miller, Kevin M.] Calif Emergency Management Agcy, Oakland, CA 94612 USA.
[Ritchie, Andy] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Sterling, Kara; Whitmore, Paul M.] NOAA NWS, West Coast Alaska Tsunami Warning Ctr, Palmer, AK 99645 USA.
[Borrero, Jose C.] ASR Ltd, Coastal Sci Grp, Raglan, New Zealand.
RP Wilson, RI (reprint author), Calif Geol Survey, 801 K St MS 12-31, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
EM Rick.Wilson@conserva-tion.ca.gov; Amanda.Admire@humboldt.edu;
jborrero@usc.edu; Lori.Dengler@humboldt.edu; mrlegg@verizon.net;
plynett@usc.edu; Tim.McCrink@conservation.ca.gov;
Kevin.Miller@calema.ca.gov; aritchie@usgs.gov; Kara.Sterling@noaa.gov;
Paul.Whitmore@noaa.gov
RI Lynett, Patrick/B-5932-2014
OI Lynett, Patrick/0000-0002-2856-9405
NR 26
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 22
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 170
IS 6-8
BP 1127
EP 1147
DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0527-z
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 159KK
UT WOS:000320044100012
ER
PT J
AU Sovada, MA
Pietz, PJ
Hofmeister, EK
Bartos, AJ
AF Sovada, Marsha A.
Pietz, Pamela J.
Hofmeister, Erik K.
Bartos, Alisa J.
TI West Nile Virus in American White Pelican Chicks: Transmission,
Immunity, and Survival
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-AMERICA; NONVIREMIC TRANSMISSION; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; BIRDS;
ANTIBODIES; ECOLOGY; DAKOTA; POPULATIONS; HEMISPHERE; MORTALITY
AB West Nile virus (WNV) causes significant mortality of American White Pelican chicks at northern plains colonies. We tested oropharyngeal/cloacal swabs from moribund chicks for shed WNV. Such shedding could enable chick-to-chick transmission and help explain why WNV spreads rapidly in colonies. WNV was detected on swabs from 11% of chicks in 2006 and 52% of chicks in 2007; however, viral titers were low. Before onset of WNV mortality, we tested blood from < 3-week-old chicks for antibodies to WNV; 5% of chicks were seropositive, suggesting passive transfer of maternal antibodies. Among near-fledged chicks, 41% tested positive for anti-WNV antibodies, indicating that they survived infection. Among years and colonies, cumulative incidence of WNV in chicks varied from 28% to 81%, whereas the proportion of chicks surviving WNV (i.e., seropositive) was 64-75%. Our data revealed that WNV kills chicks that likely would fledge in the absence of WNV, that infection of chicks is pervasive, and that significant numbers of chicks survive infection.
C1 [Sovada, Marsha A.; Pietz, Pamela J.; Bartos, Alisa J.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Hofmeister, Erik K.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
RP Sovada, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM msovada@usgs.gov; ppietz@usgs.gov; ehofmeister@usgs.gov;
abartos@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey's Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center;
National Wildlife Health Center; North Dakota Game and Fish Department;
South Dakota Game, Fish and Parks Department; State Wildlife Grant
[T-27-R]
FX This work was funded by the US Geological Survey's Northern Prairie
Wildlife Research Center and National Wildlife Health Center; the North
Dakota Game and Fish Department; the South Dakota Game, Fish and Parks
Department; and federal funding through State Wildlife Grant T-27-R,
Study 2427, administered through the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 6
BP 1152
EP 1158
DI 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0408
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 158GO
UT WOS:000319957700022
PM 23530073
ER
PT J
AU Guzman, DSM
Drazenovich, TL
Olsen, GH
Willits, NH
Paul-Murphy, JR
AF Guzman, David Sanchez-Migallon
Drazenovich, Tracy L.
Olsen, Glenn H.
Willits, Neil H.
Paul-Murphy, Joanne R.
TI Evaluation of thermal antinociceptive effects after intramuscular
administration of hydromorphone hydrochloride to American kestrels
(Falco sparverius)
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID PARROTS AMAZONA-VENTRALIS; INTRAVENOUS HYDROMORPHONE; ANESTHETIC
CONCENTRATION; TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE; OPIOID RECEPTOR; HEALTHY DOGS;
MORPHINE; BUTORPHANOL; ISOFLURANE; MORBIDITY
AB Objective-To evaluate the antinociceptive and sedative effects and duration of action of hydromorphone hydrochloride after IM administration to American kestrels (Falco sparverius).
Animals-11 healthy 2-year-old American kestrels.
Procedures-Hydromorphone (0.1, 0.3, and 0.6 mg/kg) and an equivalent volume of saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (control treatment) were administered IM to kestrels in a masked randomized complete crossover study design. Foot withdrawal response to a thermal stimulus was determined 30 to 60 minutes before (baseline) and 0.5, 1.5, 3, and 6 hours after treatment administration. Agitation-sedation scores were determined 3 to 5 minutes before each thermal test.
Results-Hydromorphone at 0.6 mg/kg, IM, significantly increased the thermal foot withdrawal threshold, compared with the response after administration of saline solution, for up to 3 hours, and hydromorphone at 0.1, 0.3, and 0.6 mg/kg, IM, significantly increased withdrawal responses for up to 6 hours, compared with baseline values. No significant differences in mean sedation-agitation scores were detected between hydromorphone and saline solution treatments; however, appreciable sedation was detected in 4 birds when administered 0.6 mg of hydromorphone/kg.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Hydromorphone at the doses evaluated significantly increased the thermal nociception threshold for American kestrels for 3 to 6 hours. Additional studies with other types of stimulation, formulations, dosages, routes of administration, and testing times are needed to fully evaluate the analgesic and adverse effects of hydromorphone in kestrels and other avian species and the use of hydromorphone in clinical settings. (Am J Vet Res 2013;74:817-822)
C1 [Guzman, David Sanchez-Migallon; Drazenovich, Tracy L.; Paul-Murphy, Joanne R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Vet Med & Epidemiol, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Willits, Neil H.] Univ Calif Davis, Coll Letters & Sci, Dept Stat, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Olsen, Glenn H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, US Geol Survey, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Guzman, DSM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Vet Med & Epidemiol, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM guzman@ucdavis.edu
FU Morris Animal Foundation [D10ZO-305]
FX Supported by the Morris Animal Foundation (grant No. D10ZO-305).
NR 43
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC
PI SCHAUMBURG
PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA
SN 0002-9645
J9 AM J VET RES
JI Am. J. Vet. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 74
IS 6
BP 817
EP 822
PG 6
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 156TM
UT WOS:000319846800001
PM 23718647
ER
PT J
AU Rizza, M
Vernant, P
Ritz, JF
Peyret, M
Nankali, H
Nazari, H
Djamour, Y
Salamati, R
Tavakoli, F
Chery, J
Mahan, SA
Masson, F
AF Rizza, M.
Vernant, P.
Ritz, J. F.
Peyret, M.
Nankali, H.
Nazari, H.
Djamour, Y.
Salamati, R.
Tavakoli, F.
Chery, J.
Mahan, S. A.
Masson, F.
TI Morphotectonic and geodetic evidence for a constant slip-rate over the
last 45 kyr along the Tabriz fault (Iran)
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Seismic cycle; Radar interferometry; Palaeoseismology; Continental
tectonics: strike-slip and transform; Dynamics: seismotectonics; Asia
ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; REGENERATIVE-DOSE PROTOCOL; NW IRAN; PERMANENT
SCATTERERS; EASTERN TURKEY; EARTHS SURFACE; UNITED-STATES; GPS NETWORK;
DEFORMATION; LUMINESCENCE
AB Iran is an active continental domain accommodating the convergence between the Arabia and Eurasia plates. In northwestern Iran, deformation between the Central Iranian block and the Caucasus domain is mainly accommodated by right lateral strike-slip on the Tabriz fault. Cities and villages, including the city of Tabriz, have been destroyed by several strong historical earthquakes (M similar to 7). In this study, we compare the slip-rates estimated from geodetic measurements (radar interferometry and UPS) with those determined by dating a geomorphological offset of an alluvial fan along the Tabriz fault.
The GPS measurements along two profiles normal to the Tabriz fault suggest a slip-rate of 7.3 +/- 1.3 mm yr(-1). The persistent scatterer radar interferometry analysis of Envisat satellite archives from 2003 to 2010 shows a velocity gradient (6 +/- 3 mm yr(-1)) across the Tabriz fault in agreement with GPS results. Moreover, it reveals that most of the area located south of the Tabriz fault is affected by subsidence, and that some sections of the fault probably act as barriers to fluid migration which may have an impact on its mechanical behaviour. West of Tabriz morphotectonic investigations on an alluvial fan surface show a right-lateral cumulative offset of 320 +/- 40 m Luminescence analyses of the coarse matrix alluvial fan deposits provide an age of 46 +/- 3 ka. This yields a slip-rate comprised between 6.5 and 7.3 mm yr(-1) along this segment. These results suggest that the Late Quaternary slip-rate is in agreement with the present-day slip-rate estimated by geodetic measurements, showing no slip-rate changes during the past 45 000 yr. Short-term variations within the 45 000 yr related to temporal earthquake clustering over few seismic cycles cannot be ruled out, but if they exist, they do not affect the geodetic and the geomorphological estimates. This study is in agreement with previous ones suggesting that long-term slip-rates (i.e. averaged over several tens of seismic cycles) are consistent with geodetic estimated slip-rates (i.e. extrapolated from few years of interseismic observations), and suggests that perturbations of fault slip-rates are related to variations over few seismic cycles.
C1 [Rizza, M.; Vernant, P.; Ritz, J. F.; Peyret, M.; Chery, J.] Univ Montpellier 2, Geosci Montpellier UMR 5243, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
[Nankali, H.; Tavakoli, F.] NCC, Tehran, Iran.
[Nazari, H.; Salamati, R.] Geol Survey Iran, Res Inst Earth Sci, Tehran, Iran.
[Djamour, Y.] NCC, Geomat Coll, Tehran, Iran.
[Mahan, S. A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Masson, F.] Univ Strasbourg, EOST, Inst Phys Globe Strasbourg, UMR7516, F-67084 Strasbourg, France.
RP Rizza, M (reprint author), Univ Montpellier 2, Geosci Montpellier UMR 5243, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
EM LRizza@ntu.edu.sg
RI Vernant, Philippe/C-9743-2010;
OI Vernant, Philippe/0000-0001-5185-0070; Mahan,
Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774
NR 56
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 13
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 193
IS 3
BP 1083
EP 1094
DI 10.1093/gji/ggt041
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 151TC
UT WOS:000319482100003
ER
PT J
AU Tormann, T
Wiemer, S
Metzger, S
Michael, A
Hardebeck, JL
AF Tormann, T.
Wiemer, S.
Metzger, S.
Michael, A.
Hardebeck, J. L.
TI Size distribution of Parkfield's microearthquakes reflects changes in
surface creep rate
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Time-series analysis; Earthquake interaction, forecasting, and
prediction; Seismicity and tectonics; Statistical seismology
ID FREQUENCY-MAGNITUDE DISTRIBUTION; SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; TOKAI REGION;
B-VALUE; CALIFORNIA; EARTHQUAKE; SEISMICITY; PREDICTION; HAZARD; JAPAN
AB The nucleation area of the series of M6 events in Parkfield has been shown to be characterized by low b-values throughout the seismic cycle. Since low b-values represent high differential stresses, the asperity structure seems to be always stably stressed and even unaffected by the latest main shock in 2004. However, because fault loading rates and applied shear stress vary with time, some degree of temporal variability of the b-value within stable blocks is to be expected. We discuss in this study adequate techniques and uncertainty treatment for a detailed analysis of the temporal evolution of b-values. We show that the derived signal for the Parkfield asperity correlates with changes in surface creep, suggesting a sensitive time resolution of the b-value stress meter, and confirming near-critical loading conditions within the Parkfield asperity.
C1 [Tormann, T.; Wiemer, S.; Metzger, S.] ETH, Swiss Seismol Serv, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Metzger, S.] GFZ Potsdam, Helmholz Ctr Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
[Michael, A.; Hardebeck, J. L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Tormann, T (reprint author), ETH, Swiss Seismol Serv, Zurich, Switzerland.
EM thessa@sed.ethz.ch
RI Michael, Andrew/A-5059-2010; Wiemer, Stefan/E-5033-2015;
OI Michael, Andrew/0000-0002-2403-5019; Hardebeck,
Jeanne/0000-0002-6737-7780
FU SNF [PMPDP2 134174]
FX We thank J. Rubinstein, A. Llenos and an anonymous reviewer for helpful
comments. Earthquake data were obtained from
http://www.ncedc.org/anss/catalog-search.html (last accessed 19 March
2013) and creepmeter data from John Langbein's database at
ftp://ehzftp.wr.usgs.gov/langbein/CREEP/ (last accessed 19 March 2013).
Figures were produced with the generic mapping tools
[http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/ (last accessed 19 March 2013)]. Part of
this study was funded through SNF grant PMPDP2 134174.
NR 24
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U1 0
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 193
IS 3
BP 1474
EP 1478
DI 10.1093/gji/ggt093
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 151TC
UT WOS:000319482100029
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, XY
Rauscher, SA
Ringler, TD
Lawrence, DM
Williams, AP
Allen, CD
Steiner, AL
Cai, DM
McDowell, NG
AF Jiang, Xiaoyan
Rauscher, Sara A.
Ringler, Todd D.
Lawrence, David M.
Williams, A. Park
Allen, Craig D.
Steiner, Allison L.
Cai, D. Michael
McDowell, Nate G.
TI Projected Future Changes in Vegetation in Western North America in the
Twenty-First Century
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL VEGETATION;
DYNAMIC VEGETATION; CARBON-CYCLE; NATURAL DISTURBANCES; PRIMARY
PRODUCTIVITY; MOUNTAIN SNOWPACK; FIRE DISTURBANCE
AB Rapid and broad-scale forest mortality associated with recent droughts, rising temperature, and insect outbreaks has been observed over western North America (NA). Climate models project additional future warming and increasing drought and water stress for this region. To assess future potential changes in vegetation distributions in western NA, the Community Earth System Model (CESM) coupled with its Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) was used under the future A2 emissions scenario. To better span uncertainties in future climate, eight sea surface temperature (SST) projections provided by phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) were employed as boundary conditions. There is a broad consensus among the simulations, despite differences in the simulated climate trajectories across the ensemble, that about half of the needleleaf evergreen tree coverage (from 24% to 11%) will disappear, coincident with a 14% (from 11% to 25%) increase in shrubs and grasses by the end of the twenty-first century in western NA, with most of the change occurring over the latter half of the twenty-first century. The net impact is a similar to 6 GtC or about 50% decrease in projected ecosystem carbon storage in this region. The findings suggest a potential for a widespread shift from tree-dominated landscapes to shrub and grass-dominated landscapes in western NA because of future warming and consequent increases in water deficits. These results highlight the need for improved process-based understanding of vegetation dynamics, particularly including mortality and the subsequent incorporation of these mechanisms into earth system models to better quantify the vulnerability of western NA forests under climate change.
C1 [Jiang, Xiaoyan; Rauscher, Sara A.; Ringler, Todd D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Lawrence, David M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Williams, A. Park; McDowell, Nate G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Allen, Craig D.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Jemez Mt Field Stn, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Steiner, Allison L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Cai, D. Michael] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Data Syst Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Jiang, XY (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM xjiang@ucar.edu
RI Steiner, Allison/F-4942-2011; Lawrence, David/C-4026-2011; Williams,
Park/B-8214-2016
OI Lawrence, David/0000-0002-2968-3023; Williams, Park/0000-0001-8176-8166
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD; DOE Office of Science (BER);
National Science Foundation
FX We thank A. T. Hoang and S. Levis for their help on obtaining CMIP3 data
and CLM4 initial data files. Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD and DOE
Office of Science (BER) provided funding for this project. The National
Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) is operated by the University
Corporation for Atmospheric Research under sponsorship of the National
Science Foundation.
NR 102
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U1 3
U2 83
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 11
BP 3671
EP 3687
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00430.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 155HT
UT WOS:000319739300012
ER
PT J
AU Kocovsky, PM
Sullivan, TJ
Knight, CT
Stepien, CA
AF Kocovsky, P. M.
Sullivan, T. J.
Knight, C. T.
Stepien, C. A.
TI Genetic and morphometric differences demonstrate fine-scale population
substructure of the yellow perch Perca flavescens: need for redefined
management units
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE exploitation; fish ecology; fishery management
AB Whole-body morphometrics and 15 nuclear DNA microsatellite loci were analysed for 158 Perca flavescens collected during the spawning season from four spawning locations in central Lake Erie, two along the northern shore and two along the southern shore, to evaluate fine-scale variation (spanning 17-94km). Results showed significant morphological and genetic differences among P. flavescens from the four locations. The magnitudes of differences were unrelated to geographic distance, demonstrating spatially heterogeneous levels of genetic divergence. These results linked morphometric and genetic variation, showing a discontinuity of scale between currently defined management units and population structure of P. flavescens in Lake Erie, and support that P. flavescens might exist as one or more metapopulations. Findings demonstrate the value of using complementary techniques for evaluating population structure.
C1 [Kocovsky, P. M.] US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Sullivan, T. J.; Stepien, C. A.] Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, Great Lakes Genet Genom Lab, Toledo, OH 43616 USA.
[Sullivan, T. J.; Stepien, C. A.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43616 USA.
[Knight, C. T.] Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Div Wildlife, Fairport Harbor, OH 44077 USA.
RP Kocovsky, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
EM pkocovsky@usgs.gov
FU Ohio DNR Fairport Fisheries Research Station; U.S. Geological Survey
Lake Erie Biological Station; NOAA [R/LR-13, NA09OAR4170182, USEPA
CR-83281401-0]; NSF GK-12 DGE [0742395]
FX Field data collection was base funded by the Ohio DNR Fairport Fisheries
Research Station and the U.S. Geological Survey Lake Erie Biological
Station. Genetic analyses were supported by grants to C. A. S.: NOAA
Ohio Sea Grant R/LR-13 'Temporal and spatial analyses of walleye and P.
flavescens genetic stock structure: A high-resolution database for
fisheries management' and USEPA CR-83281401-0 'High-resolution
delineation of Lake Erie fish populations: DNA databases for fishery
management'. Support for T.J.S. was provided by an NSF GK-12 DGE#0742395
fellowship 'Graduate fellows in high school STEM education: An
environmental science learning community at the land-lake ecosystem
interface' (for which C. A. S. is PI) and a summer research
assistantship from NOAA project #NA09OAR4170182 'Effects of Bayshore
power plant on ecosystem function in Maumee Bay, western Lake Erie' (C.
A. S. and P. M. K. are coPIs). Logistic support was provided by LEC
staff members: P. Uzmann, M. Grey and R. Lohner. Vessel support was
provided by B. Bennett (R. V. Grandon), T. Cherry, D. Hall and M. Porta
(R. V. Musky II). Constructive reviews of previous drafts were provided
by R. Kraus and two anonymous reviewers. Use of trade, product or firm
names does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. This article
is Contribution 1741 of the U. S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science
Center and publication #2013-13 from the Lake Erie Research Center.
NR 0
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 82
IS 6
BP 2015
EP 2030
DI 10.1111/jfb.12129
PG 16
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 157NE
UT WOS:000319903100015
PM 23731149
ER
PT J
AU Schloesser, DW
AF Schloesser, Don W.
TI Distribution and abundance of freshwater polychaetes, Manayunkia
speciosa (Polychaeta), in the Great Lakes with a 70-year case history
for western Lake Erie
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Manayunkia; Polychaete; Great Lakes; Chinook salmon; Lake Erie
ID BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY; NORTH-AMERICAN DISTRIBUTION;
CERATOMYXA-SHASTA; LIFE-CYCLE; RIVER; SABELLIDAE; PARASITES; DREISSENA;
MICHIGAN; ANNELIDA
AB Manayunkia speciosa has been a taxonomic curiosity for 150 years with little interest until 1977 when it was identified as an intermediate host of a fish parasite (Ceratomyxa shasta) responsible for fish mortalities (e.g., chinook salmon). Manayunkia was first reported in the Great Lakes in 1929. Since its discovery, the taxon has been reported in 50% (20 of 40 studies) of benthos studies published between 1960 and 2007. When found, Manayunkia comprised <1% of benthos in 70% of examined studies. In one extensive study, Manayunkia occurred in only 26% of 378 sampled events (1991-2009). The taxon was found at higher densities in one area of Lake Erie (mean = 3658/m(2)) and Georgian Bay (1790/m(2)) than in five other areas (mean = 60 to 553/m(2)) of the lakes. A 70-year history of Manayunkia in western Lake Erie indicates it was not found in 1930, was most abundant in 1961 (mean = 8039, maximum = 67,748/m(2)), and decreased in successive periods of 1982 (3529, 49,639/m(2)), 1993 (1876, 25,332/m(2)), and 2003 (79, 2583/m(2)). It occurred at 48% of stations in 1961, 58% in 1982, 52% in 1993, and 6% of stations in 2003. In all years, Manayunkia was distributed primarily near the mouth of the Detroit River. Causes for declines in distribution and abundance are unknown, but may be related to pollution-abatement programs that began in the 1970s, and invasion of dreissenid mussels in the late-1980s which contributed to de-eutrophication of western Lake Erie. At present, importance of the long-term decline of Manayunkia in Lake Erie is unknown. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Schloesser, DW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM dschloesser@usgs.gov
NR 49
TC 6
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U1 3
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 39
IS 2
BP 308
EP 316
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.03.006
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 155YH
UT WOS:000319785900014
ER
PT J
AU Haack, SK
Duris, JW
AF Haack, Sheridan K.
Duris, Joseph W.
TI Dynamics of fecal indicator bacteria, bacterial pathogen genes, and
organic wastewater contaminants in the Little Calumet River-Portage
Burns Waterway, Indiana
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Escherichia coli; Emerging contaminants; Fecal indicator bacteria;
Little Calumet River-Portage Burns Waterway; Recreational water quality;
Nearshore
ID SOUTHERN LAKE-MICHIGAN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI CONCENTRATIONS; GREAT-LAKES;
RECREATIONAL BEACHES; ENTERIC VIRUSES; SURFACE WATERS; TOXIN; COASTAL;
PHARMACEUTICALS; TRANSPORT
AB Little information exists on the co-occurrence of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), bacterial pathogens, and organic wastewater-associated chemicals (OWCs) within Great Lakes tributaries. Fifteen watershed sites and one beach site adjacent to the Little Calumet River-Portage Burns Waterway (LCRPBW) on Lake Michigan were tested on four dates for pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, chloride, color, ammonia- and nitrate-nitrogen, soluble phosphorus, sulfate, turbidity, and atrazine; for concentrations of FIB; and for genes indicating the presence of human-pathogenic enterococci (ENT) and of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (EC) from various animal sources. Nineteen samples were also tested for 60 OWCs. Half of the watershed samples met EC recreational water quality standards; none met ENT standards. Human-wastewater-associated OWC detections were correlated with human-influence indicators such as population/km(2), chloride concentrations, and the presence of WWTP effluents, but EC and ENT concentrations were not. Bacterial pathogen genes indicated rural human and several potential animal sources. OWCs of human or ecosystem health concern (musk fragrances AHTN and HHCB, alkylphenols, carbamazepine) and 3 bacterial pathogen genes were detected at the mouth of the LCRPBW, but no such OWCs and only 1 pathogen gene were detected at the beach. The LCRPBW has significant potential to deliver FIB, potential bacterial pathogens, and OWCs of human or ecosystem health concern to the nearshore of Lake Michigan, under conditions enhancing nearshore transport of the river plume. Nearshore mixing of lake and river water, and the lack of relationship between OWCs and FIB or pathogen genes, pose numerous challenges for watershed and nearshore assessment and remediation. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Haack, Sheridan K.; Duris, Joseph W.] US Geol Survey, Michigan Water Sci Ctr, Lansing, MI 48911 USA.
RP Haack, SK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Michigan Water Sci Ctr, 6520 Mercantile Way,Suite 5, Lansing, MI 48911 USA.
EM skhaack@usgs.gov; jwduris@usgs.gov
OI Duris, Joseph/0000-0002-8669-8109
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Ocean Research Priority Plan; National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Agency (NOAA) Center of Excellence for Great Lakes and
Human Health
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, Ocean Research
Priority Plan, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency (NOAA)
Center of Excellence for Great Lakes and Human Health. The authors
acknowledge sampling support from Atiq U. Syed, support in developing
the sampling design from Richard L Whitman, and GIS support from Richard
S. Jodoin. Any use of trade, form, or product names is for descriptive
purposes and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 39
IS 2
BP 317
EP 326
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.03.015
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 155YH
UT WOS:000319785900015
ER
PT J
AU Mychek-Londer, JG
Bunnell, DB
AF Mychek-Londer, Justin G.
Bunnell, David B.
TI Gastric evacuation rate, index of fullness, and daily ration of Lake
Michigan slimy (Cottus cognatus) and deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus
thompsonii)
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Feeding rate; Digestion; Stomach contents; Prey switching; Benthic;
Foodweb ecology
ID COD BOREOGADUS SAIDA; FISH DAILY RATION; BIOENERGETICS MODELS;
LOW-TEMPERATURES; ENERGY DENSITY; DIPOREIA SPP.; FEEDING RATE; FOOD;
DIET; DIGESTION
AB Accurate estimates of fish consumption are required to understand trophic interactions and facilitate ecosystem-based fishery management. Despite their importance within the food-web, no method currently exists to estimate daily consumption for Great Lakes slimy (Cottus cognatus) and deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsonii). We conducted experiments to estimate gastric evacuation (GEVAC) and collected field data from Lake Michigan to estimate index of fullness [(g prey/g fish weight)100%) to determine daily ration for water temperatures ranging 2-5 degrees C, coinciding with the winter and early spring season. Exponential GEVAC rates equaled 0.0115/h for slimy sculpin and 0.0147/h for deepwater sculpin, and did not vary between 2.7 degrees C and 5.1 degrees C for either species or between prey types (Mysis relicta and fish eggs) for slimy sculpin. Index of fullness varied with fish size, and averaged 1.93% and 1.85% for slimy and deepwater sculpins, respectively. Maximum index of fullness was generally higher (except for the smallest sizes) for both species in 2009-2010 than in 1976 despite reductions in a primary prey, Diporeia spp. Predictive daily ration equations were derived as a function of fish dry weight. Estimates of daily consumption ranged from 0.2 to 0.8% of their body weight, which was within the low range of estimates from other species at comparably low water temperatures. These results provide a tool to estimate the consumptive demand of sculpins which will improve our understanding of benthic offshore food webs and aid in management and restoration of these native species in the Great Lakes. (C) 2013 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mychek-Londer, Justin G.; Bunnell, David B.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Mychek-Londer, JG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM jglonder@gmail.com; dbunnell@usgs.gov
OI Bunnell, David/0000-0003-3521-7747
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission; Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
FX We thank the Great Lakes Fishery Commission as the primary funding
source. Funding from the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative supported
collection of fishes in May. We thank Melissa J. Kostich, whose input,
assistance, and leadership on live fish transport from the field and
fish care in wet lab was invaluable. We thank Susie Q Commercial Fishery
from Two Rivers, WI for collecting fishes in winter months at that site,
and Steven Pothoven of NOAA-GLERL for providing deepwater sculpin
collected offshore of Muskegon, MI. We thank the vessel crews of the
USGS R/V Grayling and RN Sturgeon for their role in collecting fishes
offshore of Frankfort, MI and Sturgeon Bay, WI. We thank James S. Diana
for assistance and advice related to index of fullness analyses. Chuck
Madenjian, Tim O'Brien, and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful
comments to improve the clarity of this manuscript. We were grateful for
additional assistance with fish care in the laboratory from Vincent M.
Belill, Kevin Keeler, Greg Jacobs, and Linda Begnoche, and for
statistical advice from Jean V. Adams. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. This article is Contribution 1751 of
the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 58
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U1 1
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 39
IS 2
BP 327
EP 335
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.03.007
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 155YH
UT WOS:000319785900016
ER
PT J
AU Madenjian, CP
Pothoven, SA
Kao, YC
AF Madenjian, Charles P.
Pothoven, Steven A.
Kao, Yu-Chun
TI Reevaluation of lake trout and lake whitefish bioenergetics models
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bioenergetics models; Changes in energy density; Energy budget balancing
algorithm; Model evaluation; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Tracers of food
consumption
ID COREGONUS-CLUPEAFORMIS; MICHIGAN; FISH; CONSUMPTION; TEMPERATURE;
PATTERNS; BLOATER
AB Using a corrected algorithm for balancing the energy budget, we reevaluated the Wisconsin bioenergetics model for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in the laboratory and for lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in the laboratory and in the field. For lake trout, results showed that the bioenergetics model slightly overestimated food consumption by the lake trout when they were fed low and intermediate rations, whereas the model predicted food consumption by lake trout fed ad libitum without any detectable bias. The slight bias in model predictions for lake trout on restricted rations may have been an artifact of the feeding schedule for these fish, and we would therefore recommend application of the Wisconsin lake trout bioenergetics model to lake trout populations in the field without any revisions to the model. Use of the Wisconsin bioenergetics model for coregonids resulted in overestimation of food consumption by lake whitefish both in the laboratory and in the field by between 20 and 30%, on average. This overestimation of food consumption was most likely due to overestimation of respiration rate. We therefore adjusted the respiration component of the bioenergetics model to obtain a good fit to the observed consumption in our laboratory tanks. The adjusted model predicted the consumption in the laboratory and the field without any detectable bias. Until a detailed lake whitefish respiration study can be conducted, we recommend application of our adjusted version of the Wisconsin generalized coregonid bioenergetics model to lake whitefish populations in the field. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Madenjian, Charles P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Pothoven, Steven A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Lake Michigan Field Stn, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
[Kao, Yu-Chun] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Madenjian, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM cmadenjian@usgs.gov; steve.pothoven@noaa.gov; kyuchun@umich.edu
RI Kao, Yu-Chun/E-1496-2017;
OI Kao, Yu-Chun/0000-0001-5552-909X; Pothoven, Steven/0000-0002-7992-5422
NR 19
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U1 0
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 39
IS 2
BP 358
EP 364
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.03.011
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 155YH
UT WOS:000319785900020
ER
PT J
AU Nagler, P
Glenn, E
AF Nagler, Pamela
Glenn, Edward
TI Tamarix and Diorhabda Leaf Beetle Interactions: Implications for Tamarix
Water Use and Riparian Habitat
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE saltcedar leaf beetles; invasive species; tamarisk; willow flycatcher;
Empidonax trailli extimus; riparian bird habitat; evapotranspiration;
water salvage; remote sensing
ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; LOWER COLORADO
RIVER; ELONGATA-DESERTICOLA COLEOPTERA; ENHANCED VEGETATION INDEX;
REMOTE-SENSING METHODS; POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES; INVASIVE TAMARIX; DAY
LENGTH; SPP.
AB Tamarix leaf beetles (Diorhabda carinulata) have been widely released on western United States rivers to control introduced shrubs in the genus Tamarix, with the goals of saving water through removal of an assumed high water-use plant, and of improving habitat value by removing a competitor of native riparian trees. We review recent studies addressing three questions: (1) to what extent are Tamarix weakened or killed by recurrent cycles of defoliation; (2) can significant water salvage be expected from defoliation; and (3) what are the effects of defoliation on riparian ecology, particularly on avian habit? Defoliation has been patchy at many sites, and shrubs at some sites recover each year even after multiple years of defoliation. Tamarix evapotranspiration (ET) is much lower than originally assumed in estimates of potential water savings, and are the same or lower than possible replacement plants. There is concern that the endangered southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax trailli extimus) will be negatively affected by defoliation because the birds build nests early in the season when Tamarix is still green, but are still on their nests during the period of summer defoliation. Affected river systems will require continued monitoring and development of adaptive management practices to maintain or enhance riparian habitat values. Multiplatform remote sensing methods are playing an essential role in monitoring defoliation and rates of ET on affected river systems.
C1 [Nagler, Pamela] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Glenn, Edward] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA.
RP Nagler, P (reprint author), Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM pnagler@usgs.gov
FU USGS Southwest Biological Science Center
FX This work was funded by the USGS Southwest Biological Science Center.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 3
BP 534
EP 548
DI 10.1111/jawr.12053
PG 15
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 157LL
UT WOS:000319897500005
ER
PT J
AU Senay, GB
Bohms, S
Singh, RK
Gowda, PH
Velpuri, NM
Alemu, H
Verdin, JP
AF Senay, Gabriel B.
Bohms, Stefanie
Singh, Ramesh K.
Gowda, Prasanna H.
Velpuri, Naga M.
Alemu, Henok
Verdin, James P.
TI Operational Evapotranspiration Mapping Using Remote Sensing and Weather
Datasets: A New Parameterization for the SSEB Approach
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE drought; evapotranspiration; irrigation; remote sensing; water use
ID SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; TEMPERATURE; EVAPORATION; MODEL; SCALE;
ALGORITHM; FLUXES
AB The increasing availability of multi-scale remotely sensed data and global weather datasets is allowing the estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) at multiple scales. We present a simple but robust method that uses remotely sensed thermal data and model-assimilated weather fields to produce ET for the contiguous United States (CONUS) at monthly and seasonal time scales. The method is based on the Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model, which is now parameterized for operational applications, renamed as SSEBop. The innovative aspect of the SSEBop is that it uses predefined boundary conditions that are unique to each pixel for the hot and cold reference conditions. The SSEBop model was used for computing ET for 12years (2000-2011) using the MODIS and Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) data streams. SSEBop ET results compared reasonably well with monthly eddy covariance ET data explaining 64% of the observed variability across diverse ecosystems in the CONUS during 2005. Twelve annual ET anomalies (2000-2011) depicted the spatial extent and severity of the commonly known drought years in the CONUS. More research is required to improve the representation of the predefined boundary conditions in complex terrain at small spatial scales. SSEBop model was found to be a promising approach to conduct water use studies in the CONUS, with a similar opportunity in other parts of the world. The approach can also be applied with other thermal sensors such as Landsat.
C1 [Senay, Gabriel B.] USGS Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Bohms, Stefanie] SGT Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Singh, Ramesh K.; Velpuri, Naga M.] ARTS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Gowda, Prasanna H.] USDA ARS, Bushland, TX 79012 USA.
[Alemu, Henok] S Dakota State Univ, GISc Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Verdin, James P.] USGS EROS Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Senay, GB (reprint author), USGS Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM senay@usgs.gov
RI Velpuri, Naga Manohar/A-5193-2013;
OI Velpuri, Naga Manohar/0000-0002-6370-1926; Singh,
Ramesh/0000-0002-8164-3483
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) [G08PC91508, G10PC00044]
FX This work was performed under U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) contract
G08PC91508 and G10PC00044 in support of the Water-SMART project. The
authors are thankful to the journal editor and three anonymous reviewers
for their constructive and helpful suggestions to improve the
manuscript. They gratefully acknowledge the use of AmeriFlux data for
their model validation. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in
this article is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such
use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the
United States Geological Survey or the United States Department of
Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or
service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 3
BP 577
EP 591
DI 10.1111/jawr.12057
PG 15
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 157LL
UT WOS:000319897500008
ER
PT J
AU Robertson, DM
Saad, DA
AF Robertson, Dale M.
Saad, David A.
TI Reply to Discussion
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTINENTAL UNITED-STATES; NITROGEN DELIVERY; NUTRIENT LOADS; SPARROW;
STREAMS; MODELS; INPUTS
C1 [Robertson, Dale M.; Saad, David A.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
RP Robertson, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
EM dzrobert@usgs.gov
OI Robertson, Dale/0000-0001-6799-0596
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 3
BP 725
EP 734
DI 10.1111/jawr.12060
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 157LL
UT WOS:000319897500021
ER
PT J
AU Rulison, EL
Kuczaj, I
Pang, G
Hickling, GJ
Tsao, JI
Ginsberg, HS
AF Rulison, Eric L.
Kuczaj, Isis
Pang, Genevieve
Hickling, Graham J.
Tsao, Jean I.
Ginsberg, Howard S.
TI Flagging versus dragging as sampling methods for nymphal Ixodes
scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)
SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dragging; flagging; Ixodes scapularis; nymphs
ID AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; DAMMINI ACARI; LYME-DISEASE; TICK ACARI;
NEW-YORK; ABUNDANCE
AB The nymphal stage of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae), is responsible for most transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, to humans in North America. From 2010 to fall of 2012, we compared two commonly used techniques, flagging and dragging, as sampling methods for nymphal I. scapularis at three sites, each with multiple sampling arrays (grids), in the eastern and central United States. Flagging and dragging collected comparable numbers of nymphs, with no consistent differences between methods. Dragging collected more nymphs than flagging in some samples, but these differences were not consistent among sites or sampling years. The ratio of nymphs collected by flagging vs dragging was not significantly related to shrub density, so habitat type did not have a strong effect on the relative efficacy of these methods. Therefore, although dragging collected more ticks in a few cases, the numbers collected by each method were so variable that neither technique had a clear advantage for sampling nymphal I. scapularis.
C1 [Rulison, Eric L.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Plant Sci & Entomol, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Kuczaj, Isis; Pang, Genevieve; Tsao, Jean I.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Hickling, Graham J.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Wildlife Hlth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Ginsberg, Howard S.] Univ Rhode Isl, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Coastal Field Stn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
RP Rulison, EL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA.
EM elrulison@gmail.com
FU National Science Foundation, Ecology of Infectious Disease Award
[EF-0914476]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank the staffs of Fort McCoy Garrison, Cape Cod National Seashore,
the Kettle Pond Visitor Center (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service), and
Andrew Hamilton for permission to sample on their land and for
logistical support. J. Bondesen, R. Burke, R. Gerhold, K. Kerr, L.
Kramer, T. Lewis, F. Mackechnie, M. Mackenzie, L. Maestas, T. Moody, H.
Edwards, W. Allen, J. Parmer, and A. Scholze assisted with planning,
field sampling, and interpretation. Prof. Liliana Gonzalez provided
statistical advice. Use of trade or product names in this paper does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This project was funded by the
National Science Foundation, Ecology of Infectious Disease Award
EF-0914476, and by the U.S. Geological Survey.
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PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY
PI CORONA
PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA
SN 1081-1710
J9 J VECTOR ECOL
JI J. Vector Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 1
BP 163
EP 167
DI 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2013.12022.x
PG 5
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 150VX
UT WOS:000319420600021
PM 23701621
ER
PT J
AU Wahl, D
Estrada-Belli, F
Anderson, L
AF Wahl, David
Estrada-Belli, Francisco
Anderson, Lysarina
TI A 3400 year paleolimnological record of prehispanic human-environment
interactions in the Holmul region of the southern Maya lowlands
SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pollen; Charcoal; Climate; Corn; Agriculture; Maya lowlands
ID PREHISTORIC FOREST CLEARANCE; SEDIMENT-CHARCOAL RECORDS; YUCATAN
PENINSULA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ORGANIC-MATTER; BOREAL FORESTS; ANCIENT MAYA;
SOIL-EROSION; SOURCE AREA; HOLOCENE
AB The timing, magnitude and drivers of late Holocene environmental change in the Holmul region of the southern Maya lowlands are examined by combining paleoenvironmental and archeological data. Environmental proxy analyses on a similar to 3350 cal yr lacustrine sediment record include pollen, charcoal, loss on ignition, magnetic susceptibility, and elemental geochemistry. Archeological evidence is derived from extensive settlement surveys conducted near the study site. Results indicate nearby settlement and agricultural activity taking place in an environment characterized by open forest from around 3350 to 950 cal yr BP. The fire history shows a dramatic increase in burning during the Classic period, possibly reflecting changing agricultural strategies. A distinct band of carbonate deposited from 1270 to 1040 cal yr BP suggests decreased hydrologic input associated with drier conditions. Abrupt changes in proxy data around 940 cal yr BP indicate a cessation of human disturbance and local abandonment of the area. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Wahl, David; Anderson, Lysarina] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Estrada-Belli, Francisco] Boston Univ, Dept Archaeol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Wahl, D (reprint author), 345 Middlefield Rd MS-975, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dwahl@usgs.gov
OI Estrada-Belli, Francisco/0000-0002-0573-4228; Wahl,
David/0000-0002-0451-3554
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [0647034]; National Geographic Society
[8203-07]; Alfawood Foundation
FX This research was funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation
(Research Grant #0647034), the National Geographic Society (Scientific
Research Grant #8203-07), and the Alfawood Foundation. We wish to thank
Roger Byrne and Thomas Schreiner for their insight and discussion. We
also thank the Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes de Guatemala for
cooperative support. We are grateful to John Barron, Tim Beach and Sally
Horn for thoughtful feedback on the manuscript.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0031-0182
J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL
JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 379
BP 17
EP 31
DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.03.006
PG 15
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology
GA 161UK
UT WOS:000320218600002
ER
PT J
AU Fisk, JM
Kwak, TJ
Heise, RJ
Sessions, FW
AF Fisk, J. M., II
Kwak, T. J.
Heise, R. J.
Sessions, F. W.
TI REDD DEWATERING EFFECTS ON HATCHING AND LARVAL SURVIVAL OF THE ROBUST
REDHORSE
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE hydropeaking; larval emergence; Moxostoma robustum; redd dewatering
ID ALTERED FLOW REGIMES; AMERICAN FRESH-WATER; BROWN TROUT; CONSERVATION
STATUS; SPAWNING HABITAT; ATLANTIC SALMON; FISH ASSEMBLAGE;
SOUTH-CAROLINA; SAVANNA RIVER; SIDE CHANNEL
AB Riverine habitats have been altered and fragmented from hydroelectric dams and change spatially and temporally with hydropower flow releases. Hydropeaking flow regimes for electrical power production inundate areas that create temporary suitable habitat for fish that may be rapidly drained. Robust redhorse Moxostoma robustum, an imperiled, rare fish species, uses such temporary habitats to spawn, but when power generation ceases, these areas are dewatered until the next pulse of water is released. We experimentally simulated the effects of dewatering periods on the survival of robust redhorse eggs and larvae in the laboratory. Robust redhorse eggs were placed in gravel in eyeing-hatching jars (three jars per treatment) and subjected to one of four dewatering periods (6, 12, 24 and 48h), followed by 12h of inundation for each treatment, and a control treatment was never dewatered. Egg desiccation was observed in some eggs in the 24- and 48-h treatments after one dewatering period. For all treatments except the control, the subsequent dewatering period after eggs hatched was lethal. Larval emergence for the control treatment was observed on day 5 post-hatching and continued until the end of the experiment (day 21). Larval survival was significantly different between the control and all dewatering treatments for individuals in the gravel. These findings support the need for hydropower facilities to set minimum flows to maintain inundation of spawning areas for robust redhorse and other species to reduce dewatering mortality. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Fisk, J. M., II] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Kwak, T. J.] N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Heise, R. J.] North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Creedmoor, NC USA.
[Sessions, F. W.] Dennis Wildlife Ctr, South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Bonneau, SC USA.
RP Kwak, TJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM tkwak@ncsu.edu
FU State Wildlife Grant through the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission; Progress Energy, Carolinas; North Carolina State University;
North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission; US Geological Survey; US
Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX This research was funded by a State Wildlife Grant through the North
Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission and by Progress Energy,
Carolinas. We thank Rick Bradford and Doug Hinshaw of the North Carolina
Wildlife Resources Commission for use of the McKinney Lake State Fish
Hatchery and their critical assistance throughout the experiment. Andrew
Rominger and Martha Fisk assisted with construction and experimental
observations. We thank Jason Brown and Progress Energy, Carolinas, for
laboratory access and assistance. Jessica Baumann and Julie Harris
provided constructive reviews of an earlier draft of this manuscript.
The North Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
jointly supported by North Carolina State University, North Carolina
Wildlife Resources Commission, US Geological Survey, US Fish and
Wildlife Service and Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade,
product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 5
BP 574
EP 581
DI 10.1002/rra.2561
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 160IV
UT WOS:000320113900004
ER
PT J
AU De Jager, NR
Rohweder, JJ
Nelson, JC
AF De Jager, N. R.
Rohweder, J. J.
Nelson, J. C.
TI PAST AND PREDICTED FUTURE CHANGES IN THE LAND COVER OF THE UPPER
MISSISSIPPI RIVER FLOODPLAIN, USA
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE flooding; hierarchical cluster analysis; landscape composition; Markov
model; river restoration
ID RIPARIAN CORRIDORS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; WISCONSIN RIVER; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
FOREST; LANDSCAPE; DENITRIFICATION; FRAGMENTATION; DYNAMICS; FLOODS
AB This study provides one historical and two alternative future contexts for evaluating land cover modifications within the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) floodplain. Given previously documented changes in land use, river engineering, restoration efforts and hydro-climatic changes within the UMR basin and floodplain, we wanted to know which of these changes are the most important determinants of current and projected future floodplain land cover. We used Geographic Information System data covering approximately 37% of the UMR floodplain (3232km2) for ca 1890 (pre-lock and dam) and three contemporary periods (1975, 1989 and 2000) across which river restoration actions have increased and hydro-climatic changes have occurred. We further developed two 50-year future scenarios from the spatially dependent land cover transitions that occurred from 1975 to 1989 (scenario A) and from 1989 to 2000 (scenario B) using Markov models. Land cover composition of the UMR did not change significantly from 1975 to 2000, indicating that current land cover continues to reflect historical modifications that support agricultural production and commercial navigation despite some floodplain restoration efforts and variation in river discharge. Projected future land cover composition based on scenario A was not significantly different from the land cover for 1975, 1989 or 2000 but was different from the land cover of scenario B, which was also different from all other periods. Scenario B forecasts transition of some forest and marsh habitat to open water by the year 2050 for some portions of the northern river and projects that some agricultural lands will transition to open water in the southern portion of the river. Future floodplain management and restoration planning efforts in the UMR should consider the potential consequences of continued shifts in hydro-climatic conditions that may occur as a result of climate change and the potential effects on floodplain land cover. Published 2011. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [De Jager, N. R.; Rohweder, J. J.; Nelson, J. C.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
RP De Jager, NR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM ndejager@usgs.gov
OI Nelson, John/0000-0002-7105-0107; De Jager, Nathan/0000-0002-6649-4125
FU Long Term Resource Monitoring component of the UMR
Restoration-Environmental Management Program; state of Illinois; state
of Iowa; state of Minnesota; state of Missouri; state of Wisconsin; US
Army Corps of Engineers; US Environmental Protection Agency; US Fish and
Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey
FX Funding for this work was provided by the Long Term Resource Monitoring
component of the UMR Restoration-Environmental Management Program, a
partnership consisting of the states of Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota,
Missouri and Wisconsin and the US Army Corps of Engineers, the US
Environmental Protection Agency, the US Fish and Wildlife Service and
the US Geological Survey. Helpful comments on earlier versions of this
manuscript were received from Barry Johnson and Ken Lubinsky of the
United States Geological Survey, Karen Hagerty of the US Army Corps of
Engineers and Ryan Perroy of the University of Wisconsin-LaCrosse. Use
of trade, product or firm names does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
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PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 5
BP 608
EP 618
DI 10.1002/rra.1615
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 160IV
UT WOS:000320113900007
ER
PT J
AU Kaeser, AJ
Litts, TL
Tracy, TW
AF Kaeser, Adam J.
Litts, Thomas L.
Tracy, T. Wesley
TI USING LOW-COST SIDE-SCAN SONAR FOR BENTHIC MAPPING THROUGHOUT THE LOWER
FLINT RIVER, GEORGIA, USA
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE habitat mapping; side-scan sonar; remote sensing; substrate
ID HABITAT USE; SHOAL BASS; CONSERVATION; LANDSCAPES; STREAMS; ALABAMA;
FLORIDA; WATER
AB An efficient, low-cost approach for mapping habitat features in navigable streams is needed to support the research and management of aquatic ecosystems at the landscape level. We developed a method that uses high-resolution (455kHz) side-scan sonar imagery obtained with the inexpensive (similar to$2000) Humminbird (R) Side Imaging system and ArcGIS to produce sonar image maps (SIMs) used to interpret and map habitat features such as substrates and large woody debris, in addition to continuously recording depth along the survey route. This method was recently demonstrated and evaluated in several small streams in southwestern Georgia (30-50m width, 40km mapped). To evaluate the feasibility of this method for mapping substrate and depth in larger rivers and over greater spatial extents, we conducted a sonar survey and generated SIMs for 124km of the lower Flint River (85-140m width). We interpreted the SIMs to digitize and classify substrate and bank boundaries. To assess classification accuracy, we visually inspected substrate at randomly assigned reference locations. A comparison of reference and map data revealed an overall classification accuracy of 84%. These results were consistent with previous findings and indicate that low-cost side-scan sonar is also an effective mapping tool for larger rivers. The sonar survey did, however, result in more missing and unsure substrate data and a lower map accuracy for fine-textured substrates than previously achieved when mapping smaller streams. We found a strong, positive relationship (r2=0.89) between the sonar range and the proportion of unsure substrate in the map, suggesting that a multi-pass, parallel-transect sonar survey could be used to maintain high-image resolution when stream widths exceed 100m and/or obstructions, such as islands, are encountered. Applications for sonar-based habitat maps are widespread and numerous. The ability to produce these maps efficiently at low-cost is within the grasp of researchers and managers alike. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Kaeser, Adam J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Panama City Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Panama City, FL 32405 USA.
[Litts, Thomas L.] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Wildlife Resources Div, Social Circle, GA 30025 USA.
[Tracy, T. Wesley] F&W Forestry Serv Inc, Albany, GA 31707 USA.
RP Kaeser, AJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Panama City Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 1601 Balboa Ave, Panama City, FL 32405 USA.
EM adam_kaeser@fws.gov
FU Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center at Ichauway; University of
Georgia; Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Resources
Division
FX This research was completed thanks to the assistance of Wes Tracy and
Philip Marley and the support provided by the Joseph W. Jones Ecological
Research Center at Ichauway and the University of Georgia. The Georgia
Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Resources Division, funded and
approved this project.
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 5
BP 634
EP 644
DI 10.1002/rra.2556
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 160IV
UT WOS:000320113900009
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, JC
Knight, RR
Wolfe, WJ
Gain, W
AF Murphy, J. C.
Knight, R. R.
Wolfe, W. J.
S. Gain, W.
TI PREDICTING ECOLOGICAL FLOW REGIME AT UNGAGED SITES: A COMPARISON OF
METHODS
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE ecological flows; environmental flows; watershed modeling; streamflow
characteristics; ecological flow regime; ungaged basins
ID ESTIMATION EXPERIMENT MOPEX; HYDROLOGIC REGRESSION; ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS;
SCIENCE; MODEL; FRAMEWORK; WATER; ECOSYSTEMS; STREAMS; METRICS
AB Nineteen ecologically relevant streamflow characteristics were estimated using published rainfall-runoff and regional regression models for six sites with observed daily streamflow records in Kentucky. The regional regression model produced median estimates closer to the observed median for all but two characteristics. The variability of predictions from both models was generally less than the observed variability. The variability of the predictions from the rainfall-runoff model was greater than that from the regional regression model for all but three characteristics. Eight characteristics predicted by the rainfall-runoff model display positive or negative bias across all six sites; biases are not as pronounced for the regional regression model. Results suggest that a rainfall-runoff model calibrated on a single characteristic is less likely to perform well as a predictor of a range of other characteristics (flow regime) when compared with a regional regression model calibrated individually on multiple characteristics used to represent the flow regime. Poor model performance may misrepresent hydrologic conditions, potentially distorting the perceived risk of ecological degradation. Without prior selection of streamflow characteristics, targeted calibration, and error quantification, the widespread application of general hydrologic models to ecological flow studies is problematic. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Murphy, J. C.; Knight, R. R.; Wolfe, W. J.; S. Gain, W.] US Geol Survey, Tennessee Water Sci Ctr, Nashville, TN 37212 USA.
RP Murphy, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Tennessee Water Sci Ctr, 640 Grassmere Pk Suite 100, Nashville, TN 37212 USA.
EM jmurphy@usgs.gov
RI Knight, Rodney/C-5356-2013
OI Knight, Rodney/0000-0001-9588-0167
FU United States Geological Survey (USGS) Water Cooperative Program;
Tennessee Wildlife Resources Association; Nature Conservancy; Tennessee
Department of Environment and Conservation
FX We gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the United States
Geological Survey (USGS) Water Cooperative Program in conjunction with
Tennessee Wildlife Resources Association, The Nature Conservancy, and
Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation. Additionally, we
thank Howard Jelks and two anonymous reviewers for constructive
comments.
NR 40
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 5
BP 660
EP 669
DI 10.1002/rra.2570
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 160IV
UT WOS:000320113900011
ER
PT J
AU Arcagni, M
Campbell, L
Arribere, MA
Marvin-DiPasquale, M
Rizzo, A
Guevara, SR
AF Arcagni, Marina
Campbell, Linda
Arribere, Maria A.
Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark
Rizzo, Andrea
Ribeiro Guevara, Sergio
TI Differential mercury transfer in the aquatic food web of a double
basined lake associated with selenium and habitat
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; Selenium; Freshwater food web; Lake Moreno; Patagonia
ID FRESH-WATER FISH; STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; PATAGONIAN LAKES; TROPHIC
INTERACTIONS; NORTHWEST PATAGONIA; NORTHERN PATAGONIA;
GALAXIAS-MACULATUS; MILLING OPERATION; RAINBOW-TROUT; NATIONAL-PARK
AB Food web trophodynamics of total mercury (THg) and selenium (Se) were assessed for the double-basined ultraoligotrophic system of Lake Moreno, Patagonia. Each basin has differing proportions of littoral and pelagic habitats, thereby providing an opportunity to assess the importance of habitat (e.g food web structure or benthic MeHg production) in the transfer of Hg and Se to top trophic fish species. Pelagic plankton, analyzed in three size classes (10-53, 53-200, and > 200 mu m), had very high [THg], exceeding 200 mu g g(-1) dry weight (DW) in the smallest, and a low ratio of MeHg to THg (0.1 to 3%). In contrast, [THg] in littoral macroinvertebrates showed lower values (03 to 1.8 mu g g(-1), DW). juvenile and small fish species feeding upon plankton had higher [THg] (0.2 to 8 mu g g(-1) muscle DW) compared to large piscivore. fish species (0.1 to 1.6 mu g g(-1) muscle OW). Selenium concentrations exhibited a much narrower variation range than THg in the food web, varying from 0.5 to 2.7 mu g g(-1), DW. Molar Se:Hg ratios exceeded 1 for the majority of organisms in both basins, with most ratios exceeding 10.
Using stable nitrogen isotopes as indicator of trophic level, no significant correlations were found with [THg], [Se] or Se:Hg. The apparent lack of biomagnification trends was attributed to elevated [THg] in plankton in the inorganic form mostly, as well as the possibility of consistent Se supply reducing the biomagnification in the food web of the organic portion of THg. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Arcagni, Marina; Arribere, Maria A.; Rizzo, Andrea; Ribeiro Guevara, Sergio] CNEA, Ctr Atom Bariloche, Lab Anal Activac Neutron, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
[Campbell, Linda] St Marys Univ, Fac Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada.
[Arribere, Maria A.] Univ Nacl Cuyo, Inst Balseiro, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
[Arribere, Maria A.] Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Rizzo, Andrea] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
RP Guevara, SR (reprint author), CNEA, Ctr Atom Bariloche, Lab Anal Activac Neutron, Av Bustillo Km 9-5, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
EM ribeiro@cab.cnea.gov.ar
RI Rizzo, Alexandra/J-8591-2014;
OI Ribeiro Guevara, Sergio/0000-0001-7203-7687; Arcagni,
Marina/0000-0003-3644-3754
FU projects PICT [33838]; Agenda Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y
Tecnologica (Argentina); Fundacion Balseiro [85/CA/10]; IAEA TCP
[ARG7007]; Graduate Students Exchange Program (GSEP), Foreign Affairs
and International Trade Canada
FX The authors wish to express their gratitude to Claudia Queimalinos and
Mariana Reissig for their valuable comments; to Robin Stewart for the
revision of the manuscript and all suggestions; to Ricardo Sanchez for
his participation in sampling and sample conditioning, to Eduardo
Bladauskas for his support in sampling and the trout photo for the
graphical abstract, and to the reactor RA-6 operation staff for their
assistance in sample analysis. This work was partially supported by the
projects PICT 33838, Agenda Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y
Tecnologica (Argentina), Fundacion Balseiro 85/CA/10, and IAEA TCP
ARG7007, and by the Graduate Students Exchange Program (GSEP), Foreign
Affairs and International Trade Canada.
NR 68
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U1 2
U2 46
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 454
BP 170
EP 180
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.008
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 147PR
UT WOS:000319180000018
PM 23542490
ER
PT J
AU Hwang, HM
Carr, RS
Cherr, GN
Green, PG
Grosholz, ED
Judah, L
Morgan, SG
Ogle, S
Rashbrook, VK
Rose, WL
Teh, SJ
Vines, CA
Anderson, SL
AF Hwang, Hyun-Min
Carr, R. Scott
Cherr, Gary N.
Green, Peter G.
Grosholz, Edwin D.
Judah, Linda
Morgan, Steven G.
Ogle, Scott
Rashbrook, Vanessa K.
Rose, Wendy L.
Teh, Swee J.
Vines, Carol A.
Anderson, Susan L.
TI Sediment quality assessment in tidal salt marshes in northern
California, USA: An evaluation of multiple lines of evidence approach
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Sediment quality triad; Sublethal chronic toxicity; Resident species;
Longjaw mudsucker (Gillichthys mirabilis); Lined shore crab
(Pachygrapsus crassipes)
ID POREWATER TOXICITY TESTS; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; PORE-WATER; GUIDELINE
QUOTIENTS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; AQUATIC ORGANISMS; NEW-JERSEY; TRIAD;
CONTAMINATION; ESTUARINE
AB The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of integrating a traditional sediment quality triad approach with selected sublethal chronic indicators in resident species in assessing sediment quality in four salt marshes in northern California, USA. These included the highly contaminated (Stege Marsh) and relatively clean (China Camp) marshes in San Francisco Bay and two reference marshes in Tomales Bay. Toxicity potential of contaminants and benthic macroinvertebrate survey showed significant differences between contaminated and reference marshes. Sublethal responses (e.g., apoptotic DNA fragmentation, lipid accumulation, and glycogen depletion) in livers of longjaw mudsucker (Gillichthys mirabilis) and embryo abnormality in lined shore crab (Pachygrapsus crassipes) also clearly distinguished contaminated and reference marshes, while other responses (e.g., cytochrome P450, metallothionein) did not. This study demonstrates that additional chronic sublethal responses in resident species under field exposure conditions can be readily combined with sediment quality triads for an expanded multiple lines of evidence approach. This confirmatory step may be warranted in environments like salt marshes in which natural variables may affect interpretation of toxicity test data. Qualitative and quantitative integration of the portfolio of responses in resident species and traditional approach can support a more comprehensive and informative sediment quality assessment in salt marshes and possibly other habitat types as well. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hwang, Hyun-Min; Green, Peter G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Carr, R. Scott] Texas A&M Univ, Marine Ecotoxicol Res Stn, US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.
[Cherr, Gary N.; Morgan, Steven G.; Rashbrook, Vanessa K.; Rose, Wendy L.; Vines, Carol A.; Anderson, Susan L.] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Carr, R. Scott; Teh, Swee J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol & Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Grosholz, Edwin D.; Judah, Linda; Morgan, Steven G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Ogle, Scott] Pacific EcoRisk, Martinez, CA 94553 USA.
RP Hwang, HM (reprint author), Texas So Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, Houston, TX 77004 USA.
EM hwangh@tsu.edu
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Science; U.S. EPA
[EPA/R-82867601]; National Marine Sanctuary Permit [GFNMS-2002-005]
FX We appreciate Tammie Vistainer and Sarah Spilseth who helped with field
sampling and laboratory benthos quantification. James Biedenbach
provided expert technical assistance with the porewater toxicity
studies. We appreciate the helpful reviews provided by Anne Allert and
Keith Miles. This research has been supported by a grant from the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results (STAR)
Estuarine and Great Lakes (EaGLe) Coastal Initiative through funding to
the Pacific Estuarine Ecosystem Indicator Research (U.S. EPA Agreement
#EPA/R-82867601). Research activities at Tomales Bay were conducted
under National Marine Sanctuary Permit #GFNMS-2002-005. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 60
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 454
BP 189
EP 198
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.039
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 147PR
UT WOS:000319180000021
PM 23542672
ER
PT J
AU Kirschbaum, MA
Mercier, TJ
AF Kirschbaum, Mark A.
Mercier, Tracey J.
TI Controls on the deposition and preservation of the Cretaceous Mowry
Shale and Frontier Formation and equivalents, Rocky Mountain region,
Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming
SO AAPG BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; THRUST BELT; NORTH-AMERICA; SEDIMENTARY BASINS;
INTERIOR; STRATIGRAPHY; EVOLUTION; MODEL; BEDS; USA
AB Regional variations in thickness and facies of clastic sediments are controlled by geographic location within a foreland basin. Preservation of facies is dependent on the original accommodation space available during deposition and ultimately by tectonic modification of the foreland in its postthrusting stages. The preservation of facies within the foreland basin and during the modification stage affects the kinds of hydrocarbon reservoirs that are present.
This is the case for the Cretaceous Mowry Shale and Frontier Formation and equivalent strata in the Rocky Mountain region of Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming. Biostratigraphically constrained isopach maps of three intervals within these formations provide a control on eustatic variations in sea level, which allow depositional patterns across dip and along strike to be interpreted in terms of relationship to thrust progression and depositional topography.
The most highly subsiding parts of the Rocky Mountain foreland basin, near the fold and thrust belt to the west, typically contain a low number of coarse-grained sandstone channels but limited sandstone reservoirs. However, where subsidence is greater than sediment supply, the foredeep contains stacked deltaic sandstones, coal, and preserved transgressive marine shales in mainly conformable successions. The main exploration play in this area is currently coalbed gas, but the enhanced coal thickness combined with a Mowry marine shale source rock indicates that a low-permeability, basin-centered play may exist somewhere along strike in a deep part of the basin.
In the slower subsiding parts of the foreland basin, marginal marine and fluvial sandstones are amalgamated and compartmentalized by unconformities, providing conditions for the development of stratigraphic and combination traps, especially in areas of repeated reactivation. Areas of medium accommodation in the most distal parts of the foreland contain isolated marginal marine shoreface and deltaic sandstones that were deposited at or near sea level lowstand and were reworked landward by ravinement and longshore currents by storms creating stratigraphic or combination traps enclosed with marine shale seals.
Paleogeographic reconstructions are used to show exploration fairways of the different play types present in the Laramide-modified, Cretaceous foreland basin. Existing oil and gas fields from these plays show a relatively consistent volume of hydrocarbons, which results from the partitioning of facies within the different parts of the foreland basin.
C1 [Kirschbaum, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Mercier, Tracey J.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Kirschbaum, MA (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Chevron Ctr Res Excellence, 1516 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM geo.mkirsch@gmail.com; tmercier@usgs.gov
NR 82
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U1 1
U2 24
PU AMER ASSOC PETROLEUM GEOLOGIST
PI TULSA
PA 1444 S BOULDER AVE, PO BOX 979, TULSA, OK 74119-3604 USA
SN 0149-1423
J9 AAPG BULL
JI AAPG Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 97
IS 6
BP 899
EP 921
DI 10.1306/10011212090
PG 23
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 155AA
UT WOS:000319716600002
ER
PT J
AU Muhs, DR
AF Muhs, Daniel R.
TI The geologic records of dust in the Quaternary
SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE Dust; Loess; Lake sediments; Soils; Marine sediments; Ice cores
ID LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; CHINESE LOESS PLATEAU;
CENTRAL EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; GRAIN-SIZE
DISTRIBUTIONS; TERRIGENOUS SEDIMENTATION PROCESSES; MASS ACCUMULATION
RATES; HIGH-RESOLUTION RECORD; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT
AB Study of geologic records of dust composition, sources and deposition rates is important for understanding the role of dust in the overall planetary radiation balance, fertilization of organisms in the world's oceans, nutrient additions to the terrestrial biosphere and soils, and for paleoclimatic reconstructions. Both glacial and non-glacial processes produce fine-grained particles that can be transported by the wind. Geologic records of dust flux occur in a number of depositional archives for sediments: (1) loess deposits; (2) lake sediments; (3) soils; (4) deep-ocean basins; and (5) ice sheets and smaller glaciers. These archives have several characteristics that make them highly suitable for understanding the dynamics of dust entrainment, transport, and deposition. First, they are often distributed over wide geographic areas, which permits reconstruction of spatial variation of dust flux. Second, a number of dating methods can be applied to sediment archives, which allows identification of specific periods of greater or lesser dust flux. Third, aeolian sediment particle size and composition can be determined so that dust source areas can be ascertained and dust transport pathways can be reconstructed. Over much of the Earth's surface, dust deposition rates were greater during the last glacial period than during the present interglacial period. A dustier Earth during glacial periods is likely due to increased source areas, greater aridity, less vegetation, lower soil moisture, possibly stronger winds, a decreased intensity of the hydrologic cycle, and greater production of dust-sized particles from expanded ice sheets and glaciers. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Muhs, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, MS 980,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM dmuhs@usgs.gov
FU Climate and Land Use Change Program of the US Geological Survey; NSF
[1003509]
FX This review was inspired by a special session on dust organized by Art
Bettis (University of Iowa), held at the 2010 annual meeting of the
American Association for the Advancement of Science in San Diego. My
work is supported by the Climate and Land Use Change Program of the US
Geological Survey and this paper is a contribution to the "Impacts of
climate change on coastal and eolian landscapes" project. The paper is
also a contribution to the African Humid Period dust project of N.
Mahowald (Cornell University), supported by NSF Grant #1003509. I thank
Tim Horscroft, Jeff Lee and Ted Zobeck for inviting me to do this
review. Many thanks go to my dust and loess friends who have provided me
with many of the thoughts and observations reviewed here. I also thank
Eric Wolff (British Antarctic Survey), Ana Moreno (Universitat de
Barcelona), and Gisela Winckler (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory) who
kindly supplied digital files of their dust data from Greenland, the
Canary Basin, and the central equatorial Pacific, respectively. Ken
Tanaka (USGS, Flagstaff) and Nathan Bridges (Johns Hopkins University)
helped me put together the figures for Mars. Thanks go to Josh Preston
of Oh Boy Records/Red Pajamas Records/Blue Plate Music for allowing me
to use the quote from Steve Goodman's great song. Jan-Berend Stuut
(Universitat Bremen), Jeff Pigati, Tom Judkins and Gene Ellis (all
USGS), and an anonymous reviewer provided helpful comments on an earlier
draft of this paper, which I appreciate.
NR 269
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1875-9637
EI 2212-1684
J9 AEOLIAN RES
JI Aeolian Res.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 9
BP 3
EP 48
DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.08.001
PG 46
WC Geography, Physical
SC Physical Geography
GA 153WF
UT WOS:000319632500002
ER
PT J
AU Bridges, N
Geissler, P
Silvestro, S
Banks, M
AF Bridges, Nathan
Geissler, Paul
Silvestro, Simone
Banks, Maria
TI Bedform migration on Mars: Current results and future plans
SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE Mars; Dunes; Ripples; Bedforms; Change detection; Sand flux
ID NORTH POLAR-REGION; TRANSVERSE AEOLIAN RIDGES; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; SAND
DUNES; ORBITER CAMERA; LANDING SITE; TRANSPORT PATHWAYS; OMEGA/MARS
EXPRESS; LONGITUDINAL DUNES; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS
AB With the advent of high resolution imaging, bedform motion can now be tracked on the Martian surface. HiRISE data, with a pixel scale as fine as 25 cm, shows displacements of sand patches, dunes, and ripples up to several meters per Earth year, demonstrating that significant landscape modification occurs in the current environment. This seems to consistently occur in the north polar erg, with variable activity at other latitudes. Volumetric dune and ripple changes indicate sand fluxes up to several cubic meters per meter per year, similar to that found in some dune fields on Earth. All "transverse aeolian ridges" are immobile. There is no relationship between bedform activity and coarse-scale global circulation models, indicating that finer scale topography and wind gusts, combined with the predicted low impact threshold on Mars, are the primary drivers. Several techniques have been developed to measure bedform changes and are largely dependent on dataset availability and the type of questions being pursued. Qualitative visual inspection can determine whether or not changes have occurred. Offsets registered to fixed tie points yield approximate migration rates of nearby crests and dune lee fronts. To compute volumetric sand flux requires precise orthorectification and registration using a digital elevation model base. Using this technique combined with sophisticated change detection software has the potential to detect changes as fine as 1/3 of a pixel (similar to 8 cm) or less. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bridges, Nathan] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Geissler, Paul] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Silvestro, Simone] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Banks, Maria] Smithsonian Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Bridges, N (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 200-W230,11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM nathan.bridges@jhuapl.edu
FU Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Project; NASA's Mars Data Analysis Program
[NNH11ZDA001N, NNH09ZDA001N]
FX Detailed reviews by Mary Bourke, Matthew Chojnacki, and an anonymous
reviewer substantially improved the manuscript and are gratefully
acknowledged. Bradley Thomson computed the threshold frequencies from
the Ames GCM, as shown in Fig. 8. Support to NTB for this research was
provided the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Project (HiRISE
co-investigator) and NASA's Mars Data Analysis Program (NNH11ZDA001N).
S. Silvestro is supported by a grant from the NASA's Mars Data Analysis
Program (NNH09ZDA001N).
NR 143
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U1 4
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1875-9637
J9 AEOLIAN RES
JI Aeolian Res.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 9
BP 133
EP 151
DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.02.004
PG 19
WC Geography, Physical
SC Physical Geography
GA 153WF
UT WOS:000319632500011
ER
PT J
AU Morman, SA
Plumlee, GS
AF Morman, Suzette A.
Plumlee, Geoffrey S.
TI The role of airborne mineral dusts in human disease
SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE Mineral dust; Respiratory disease; Particulate matter
ID PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-POLLUTION; SILICEOUS PNEUMOCONIOSIS; HOSPITAL
ADMISSIONS; EXPOSURE-RESPONSE; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; DAILY MORTALITY;
SAHARAN DUST; HUMAN HEALTH; DESERT LUNG
AB Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is generally acknowledged to increase risk for human morbidity and mortality. However, particulate matter (PM) research has generally examined anthropogenic (industry and combustion by-products) sources with few studies considering contributions from geogenic PM (produced from the Earth by natural processes, e.g., volcanic ash, windborne ash from wildfires, and mineral dusts) or geoanthropogenic PM (produced from natural sources by processes that are modified or enhanced by human activities, e.g., dusts from lakebeds dried by human removal of water, dusts produced from areas that have undergone desertification as a result of human practices). Globally, public health concerns are mounting, related to potential increases in dust emission from climate related changes such as desertification and the associated long range as well as local health effects. Recent epidemiological studies have identified associations between far-traveled dusts from primary sources and increased morbidity and mortality in Europe and Asia. This paper provides an outline of public health research and history as it relates to naturally occurring inorganic mineral dusts. We summarize results of current public health research and describe some of the many challenges related to understanding health effects from exposures to dust aerosols. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Morman, Suzette A.; Plumlee, Geoffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Morman, SA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM smorman@usgs.gov
NR 83
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U1 4
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1875-9637
J9 AEOLIAN RES
JI Aeolian Res.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 9
BP 203
EP 212
DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.12.001
PG 10
WC Geography, Physical
SC Physical Geography
GA 153WF
UT WOS:000319632500017
ER
PT J
AU Hansen, JD
Ray, K
Woodson, JC
Soto, E
Welch, TJ
AF Hansen, J. D.
Ray, K.
Woodson, J. C.
Soto, E.
Welch, T. J.
TI Disruption of the Francisella noatunensis PDPA gene results in virulence
attenuation
SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Hansen, J. D.; Ray, K.; Woodson, J. C.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Hansen, J. D.] Univ Washington, Interdisciplinary Program Pathobiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Welch, T. J.] USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV USA.
EM jhansen@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 1050-4648
J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN
JI Fish Shellfish Immunol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 6
BP 1655
EP 1655
PG 1
WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 154BI
UT WOS:000319646100089
ER
PT J
AU Thi, HD
Korytar, T
Takizawa, F
Hansen, JD
Kollner, B
AF Thi, H. D.
Korytar, T.
Takizawa, F.
Hansen, J. D.
Koellner, B.
TI Mucosal T-cells in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Thi, H. D.; Korytar, T.; Koellner, B.] Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Inst Immunol, Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Greifswald, Germany.
[Takizawa, F.] Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Hansen, J. D.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Hansen, J. D.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM bernd.koellner@fli.bund.de
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 1050-4648
J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN
JI Fish Shellfish Immunol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 6
BP 1680
EP 1680
PG 1
WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 154BI
UT WOS:000319646100168
ER
PT J
AU Ostoja, SM
Schupp, EW
Durham, S
Klinger, R
AF Ostoja, Steven M.
Schupp, Eugene W.
Durham, Susan
Klinger, Rob
TI Seed harvesting is influenced by associational effects in mixed seed
neighbourhoods, not just by seed density
SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Associational Resistance; associational susceptibility; context
dependence; density dependence; granivory; seed mixtures
ID TERM APPARENT COMPETITION; PLANT DEFENSE GUILDS; GRANIVOROUS RODENTS;
HETEROMYID RODENTS; ORYZOPSIS-HYMENOIDES; POPULATION ECOLOGY;
SPECIES-DIVERSITY; KANGAROO RAT; GREAT-BASIN; SHARED DOOM
AB Rodents frequently forage in a density-dependent manner, increasing harvesting in patches with greater seed densities. Although seldom considered, seed harvesting may also depend on the species identities of other individuals in the seed neighbourhood. When the seed harvest of a focal species increases in association with another seed species, the focal species suffers from Associational Susceptibility. In contrast, if seeds of the focal species are harvested less when in association with a second species, the focal species benefits from Associational Resistance. To evaluate density dependence and associational effects among seeds in mixtures, we conducted seed removal experiments using a completely additive design patterned after a two-species competition experiment using seeds of either Achnatherum hymenoides (Indian ricegrass), Leymus cinereus (basin wildrye) or Pseudoroegneria spicata (bluebunch wheatgrass), all native perennial grasses, combined with seeds of Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass), a non-native annual grass. The experiment involved placing five fixed quantities of the native seeds mixed with five fixed quantities of B.tectorum seeds in a factorial design, resulting in 35 seed mixture combinations. The seed-eating rodent community at our study sites, in order of abundance, is composed of Peromyscus maniculatus (North American deer mouse), Dipodomys ordii (Ord's kangaroo rat) and Perognathus parvus (Great Basin pocket mouse). Native seed harvesting was density dependent, with a greater proportion of seeds being harvested as density increased. In the mixed density model, the presence of B.tectorum did not affect harvest of any of the native species' seeds when analysed individually. However, when all three native species were analysed together, increasing quantities of B.tectorum resulted in reduced harvest of native seeds, demonstrating weak but significant Associational Resistance. In contrast, harvest of B.tectorum seeds increased when in combination with any of the native seed species individually, indicating relatively strong Associational Susceptibility. These results demonstrate that seed harvest is determined not just by seed density, but also by the local seed neighbourhood and suggest that associational effects between native seeds and B.tectorum can occur in field conditions. The ecological implications of seed selection and associational effects on plant populations in natural and managed systems are also discussed.
C1 [Ostoja, Steven M.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, Oakhurst, CA 93644 USA.
[Schupp, Eugene W.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Schupp, Eugene W.; Durham, Susan] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Klinger, Rob] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, Bishop, CA 93514 USA.
RP Ostoja, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, Oakhurst, CA 93644 USA.
EM sostoja@usgs.gov
RI Schupp, Eugene/F-1834-2010
FU Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, U.S.
Department of Agriculture [2001-52103-11322]; Utah Agricultural
Experiment Station (UAES); Utah State University (USU), Logan, UT, USA;
USU Ecology Center research fellowship; USU School of Graduate Studies
dissertation fellowship
FX Thanks to R. Barker, J. Burnham, D. Christensen and K. Sivy for field
and/or laboratory assistance. K. Beard, C. Call, T. Esque, W. Longland,
J. MacMahon, T. Monaco and an anonymous reviewer provided helpful
comments. This research was supported by the Cooperative State Research,
Education, and Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under
Agreement No. 2001-52103-11322; the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station
(UAES); Utah State University (USU), Logan, UT, USA; a USU Ecology
Center research fellowship (to SMO); and a USU School of Graduate
Studies dissertation fellowship (to SMO). Any use of trade, product or
firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. Approved as UAES journal
paper no. 8496.
NR 60
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 59
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0269-8463
J9 FUNCT ECOL
JI Funct. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 3
SI SI
BP 775
EP 785
DI 10.1111/1365-2435.12091
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 150VW
UT WOS:000319420500021
ER
PT J
AU Personna, YR
Slater, L
Ntarlagiannis, D
Werkema, D
Szabo, Z
AF Personna, Yves Robert
Slater, Lee
Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios
Werkema, Dale
Szabo, Zoltan
TI Complex resistivity signatures of ethanol in sand-clay mixtures
SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Complex resistivity; Ethanol; Biofuels; Clay
ID SPECTRAL INDUCED POLARIZATION; FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; NATURAL
ATTENUATION; NEAT ETHANOL; IRON BARRIER; SHALY SANDS; WATER;
GROUNDWATER; GASOLINE; BENZENE
AB We performed complex resistivity (CR) measurements on laboratory columns to investigate changes in electrical properties as a result of varying ethanol (EtOH) concentration (0% to 30% v/v) in a sand-clay (bentonite) matrix. We applied Debye decomposition, a phenomenological model commonly used to fit CR data, to determine model parameters (time constant: tau, chargeability: m, and normalized chargeability: m(n)). The CR data showed a significant (P <= 0.001) time-dependent variation in the clay driven polarization response (similar to 12 mrad) for 0% EtOH concentration. This temporal variation probably results from the clay-water reaction kinetics trending towards equilibrium in the sand-clay-water system. The clay polarization is significantly suppressed (P <= 0.001) for both measured phase (phi) and imaginary conductivity (sigma ') with increasing EtOH concentration. Normalized chargeability consistently decreases (by up to a factor of similar to 2) as EtOH concentration increases from 0% to 10% and 10 to 20%, respectively. We propose that such suppression effects are associated with alterations in the electrical double layer (EDL) at the clay-fluid interface due to (a) strong EtOH adsorption on clay, and (b) complex intermolecular EtOH-water interactions and subsequent changes in ionic mobility on the surface in the EDL Changes in the CR data following a change of the saturating fluid from EtOH 20% to plain water indicate strong hysteresis effects in the electrical response, which we attribute to persistent EtOH adsorption on clay. Our results demonstrate high sensitivity of CR measurements to clay-EtOH interactions in porous media, indicating the potential application of this technique for characterization and monitoring of ethanol contamination in sediments containing clays. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Personna, Yves Robert; Slater, Lee; Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Werkema, Dale] US EPA, NERL, ESD LV, CMB, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
[Szabo, Zoltan] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, W Trenton, NJ 08628 USA.
RP Personna, YR (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 101 Warren St, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
EM personna@andromeda.rutgers.edu; LSlater@andromeda.rutgers.edu;
dimntar@andromeda.rutgers.edu; Werkema.D@epamail.epa.gov;
zszabo@usgs.gov
OI Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios/0000-0002-5353-372X
FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of
Research and Development [EP10D000751]
FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of
Research and Development partially funded the research described here
under contract #EP10D000751 to Yves Robert Personna. The manuscript has
been subjected to USEPA and USGS reviews and approved for publication.
We thank the students Mark Perlmutter and Maribel Granja for their help
with the lab work. We thank the editor and an anonymous reviewer for
their constructive comments that helped improve the manuscript. Martin
Briggs (USGS, OGW, Branch of Geophysics, Storrs, CT) provided valuable
review comments on an earlier version of this manuscript.
NR 89
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-7722
J9 J CONTAM HYDROL
JI J. Contam. Hydrol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 149
BP 76
EP 87
DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.03.005
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA 152SC
UT WOS:000319550400006
PM 23603518
ER
PT J
AU Underwood, SJ
Feeley, TC
Clynne, MA
AF Underwood, S. J.
Feeley, T. C.
Clynne, M. A.
TI Hydrogen Isotope Investigation of Amphibole and Glass in Dacite Magmas
Erupted in 1980-1986 and 2005 at Mount St. Helens, Washington
SO JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE amphibole dehydrogenation; hydrogen diffusion; hydrogen isotopes; magma
degassing; Mount St; Helens
ID FERRIC-FERROUS RATIOS; FE-TI OXIDES; OXYGEN FUGACITY; SOUTHERN
WASHINGTON; SILICATE-GLASSES; VAPOR TRANSFER; H2O CONTENTS; LAVA DOME;
ERUPTIONS; WATER
AB In active, shallow, sub-volcanic magma conduits the extent of the dehydrogenation-oxidation reaction in amphibole phenocrysts is controlled by energetic processes that cause crystal lattice damage or conditions that increase hydrogen diffusivity in magmatic phases. Amphibole phenocrysts separated from dacitic volcanic rocks erupted from 1980 to 1986 and in 2005 at Mount St. Helens (MSH) were analyzed for delta D, water content and Fe3+/Fe2+, and fragments of glassy groundmass were analyzed for delta D and water content. Changes in amphibole delta D values through time are evaluated within the context of carefully observed volcanic eruption behavior and published petrological and geochemical investigations. Driving forces for amphibole dehydrogenation include increase in magma oxygen fugacity, decrease in amphibole hydrogen fugacity, or both. The phenocryst amphibole (delta D value c. -57 parts per thousand and 2 wt % H2O) in the white fallout pumice of the May 18, 1980 plinian eruptive phase is probably little modified during rapid magma ascent up an similar to 7 km conduit. Younger volcanic rocks incorporate some shallowly degassed dacitic magma from earlier pulses, based on amphibole phenocryst populations that exhibit varying degrees of dehydrogenation. Pyroclastic rocks from explosive eruptions in June-October 1980 have elevated abundances of mottled amphibole phenocrysts (peaking in some pyroclastic rocks erupted on July 22, 1980), and extensive amphibole dehydrogenation is linked to crystal damage from vesiculation and pyroclastic fountain collapse that increased effective hydrogen diffusion in amphibole. Multiple amphibole delta D populations in many 1980 pyroclastic rocks combined with their groundmass characteristics (e.g. mixed pumice textures) support models of shallow mixing prior to, or during, eruption as new, volatile-rich magma pulses blended with more oxidized, degassed magma. Amphibole dehydrogenation is quenched at the top surface of MSH dacite lava lobes, but the diversity in the delta D-amph populations in original fresh lava flow surfaces may occur from blending magma domains with different ascent histories in the sub-volcanic environment immediately before eruption. Multi-stage open-system magma degassing operated in each parcel of magma rising toward the surface, whereas the magma below similar to 7 km was a relatively closed system, at least to the October 1986 eruption based on the large population of minimally dehydrogenated, rim-free amphibole in the lavas. Magma degassing and possibly H isotope exchange with low-delta D fluids around the roof zone may have accompanied the similar to 1 center dot 5 km upward migration of the 1980 magma body. The low-delta D-amph (c. -188 to -122 parts per thousand) oxy-amphibole phenocrysts in lava spines extruded in May 2005 reflect dehydrogenation as ascending viscous magma degassed and crystallized, and fractures that admitted oxygen into the hot solidified lava spine interior facilitated additional iron oxidation.
C1 [Underwood, S. J.; Feeley, T. C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Clynne, M. A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Underwood, SJ (reprint author), 50 Red Cloud Pl, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM SandyUnderwood903@hotmail.com
FU National Science Foundation [EAR 9983769]
FX The National Science Foundation (EAR 9983769) provided funding for this
work to T.C.F.
NR 106
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 13
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3530
J9 J PETROL
JI J. Petrol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 54
IS 6
BP 1047
EP 1070
DI 10.1093/petrology/egt005
PG 24
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 151RT
UT WOS:000319478600001
ER
PT J
AU Hohenlohe, PA
Day, MD
Amish, SJ
Miller, MR
Kamps-Hughes, N
Boyer, MC
Muhlfeld, CC
Allendorf, FW
Johnson, EA
Luikart, G
AF Hohenlohe, Paul A.
Day, Mitch D.
Amish, Stephen J.
Miller, Michael R.
Kamps-Hughes, Nick
Boyer, Matthew C.
Muhlfeld, Clint C.
Allendorf, Fred W.
Johnson, Eric A.
Luikart, Gordon
TI Genomic patterns of introgression in rainbow and westslope cutthroat
trout illuminated by overlapping paired-end RAD sequencing
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive introgression; conservation genomics; hybridization; invasive
species; natural selection; next-generation sequencing; salmonids; super
invasive genes
ID BETA-BINDING-PROTEIN; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS;
ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKII-LEWISI; POPULATION GENOMICS; SNP DISCOVERY;
NONMODEL ORGANISMS; HYBRIDIZATION; MYKISS; CONSERVATION; IDENTIFICATION
AB Rapid and inexpensive methods for genomewide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery and genotyping are urgently needed for population management and conservation. In hybridized populations, genomic techniques that can identify and genotype thousands of species-diagnostic markers would allow precise estimates of population- and individual-level admixture as well as identification of super invasive' alleles, which show elevated rates of introgression above the genomewide background (likely due to natural selection). Techniques like restriction-site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing can discover and genotype large numbers of SNPs, but they have been limited by the length of continuous sequence data they produce with Illumina short-read sequencing. We present a novel approach, overlapping paired-end RAD sequencing, to generate RAD contigs of >300-400bp. These contigs provide sufficient flanking sequence for design of high-throughput SNP genotyping arrays and strict filtering to identify duplicate paralogous loci. We applied this approach in five populations of native westslope cutthroat trout that previously showed varying (low) levels of admixture from introduced rainbow trout (RBT). We produced 77141 RAD contigs and used these data to filter and genotype 3180 previously identified species-diagnostic SNP loci. Our population-level and individual-level estimates of admixture were generally consistent with previous microsatellite-based estimates from the same individuals. However, we observed slightly lower admixture estimates from genomewide markers, which might result from natural selection against certain genome regions, different genomic locations for microsatellites vs. RAD-derived SNPs and/or sampling error from the small number of microsatellite loci (n=7). We also identified candidate adaptive super invasive alleles from RBT that had excessively high admixture proportions in hybridized cutthroat trout populations.
C1 [Hohenlohe, Paul A.; Day, Mitch D.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Inst Bioinformat & Evolutionary Studies, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Amish, Stephen J.; Allendorf, Fred W.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Fish & Wildlife Genom Grp, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Miller, Michael R.; Kamps-Hughes, Nick; Johnson, Eric A.] Univ Oregon, Inst Mol Biol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Boyer, Matthew C.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA.
[Muhlfeld, Clint C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA.
[Muhlfeld, Clint C.; Luikart, Gordon] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Fish & Wildlife Genom Grp, Div Biol Sci, Polson, MT 59860 USA.
RP Hohenlohe, PA (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Inst Bioinformat & Evolutionary Studies, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM hohenlohe@uidaho.edu
OI Johnson, Eric/0000-0003-1037-4228; Luikart, Gordon/0000-0001-8697-0582
FU U.S. National Institutes of Health/NCRR [P20RR16448]; U.S. National
Science Foundation [DEB-0742181]; Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks; NSF
[DEB-1067613]; BPA [199101993]
FX P.A.H. and M. D. D. received support from U.S. National Institutes of
Health/NCRR grant P20RR16448 (L. Forney, PI). FWA and G. L. were
partially supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation grants
DEB-0742181. G. L. also received support from Montana Fish Wildlife and
Parks and NSF grant DEB-1067613. This work was partially supported by
BPA contract #199101993. We thank J.J. Giersch for providing the study
area map, Robb Leary for helpful comments on the potential of some
assumed diagnostic alleles for RBT to be present at low frequency in
nonhybridized WCT, and Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks and Glacier
National Park for support and help in sampling. Any use of trade,
product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This research was conducted in
accordance with the Animal Welfare Act and its subsequent amendments.
NR 64
TC 67
Z9 68
U1 8
U2 179
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
EI 1365-294X
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 11
SI SI
BP 3002
EP 3013
DI 10.1111/mec.12239
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 154KX
UT WOS:000319675300012
PM 23432212
ER
PT J
AU Schnell, JK
Harris, GM
Pimm, SL
Russell, GJ
AF Schnell, Jessica K.
Harris, Grant M.
Pimm, Stuart L.
Russell, Gareth J.
TI Estimating Extinction Risk with Metapopulation Models of Large-Scale
Fragmentation
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE forest loss; habitat fragmentation; metapopulation; range occupancy
ID AMAZONIAN FOREST FRAGMENTS; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION;
SPECIES LOSS; BIRDS; LANDSCAPE; DYNAMICS; BIODIVERSITY; CONNECTIVITY;
MOVEMENTS
AB Habitat loss is the principal threat to species. How much habitat remainsand how quickly it is shrinkingare implicitly included in the way the International Union for Conservation of Nature determines a species' risk of extinction. Many endangered species have habitats that are also fragmented to different extents. Thus, ideally, fragmentation should be quantified in a standard way in risk assessments. Although mapping fragmentation from satellite imagery is easy, efficient techniques for relating maps of remaining habitat to extinction risk are few. Purely spatial metrics from landscape ecology are hard to interpret and do not address extinction directly. Spatially explicit metapopulation models link fragmentation to extinction risk, but standard models work only at small scales. Counterintuitively, these models predict that a species in a large, contiguous habitat will fare worse than one in 2 tiny patches. This occurs because although the species in the large, contiguous habitat has a low probability of extinction, recolonization cannot occur if there are no other patches to provide colonists for a rescue effect. For 4 ecologically comparable bird species of the North Central American highland forests, we devised metapopulation models with area-weighted self-colonization terms; this reflected repopulation of a patch from a remnant of individuals that survived an adverse event. Use of this term gives extra weight to a patch in its own rescue effect. Species assigned least risk status were comparable in long-term extinction risk with those ranked as threatened. This finding suggests that fragmentation has had a substantial negative effect on them that is not accounted for in their Red List category.
C1 [Schnell, Jessica K.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Schnell, Jessica K.; Russell, Gareth J.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Harris, Grant M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA.
[Pimm, Stuart L.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Schnell, JK (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Ornithol, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany.
EM schnell@orn.mpg.de
RI Russell, Gareth/C-3061-2011
OI Russell, Gareth/0000-0003-2149-9456
NR 42
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 102
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 3
BP 520
EP 530
DI 10.1111/cobi.12047
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 150OD
UT WOS:000319399600012
PM 23551595
ER
PT J
AU Starn, JJ
Bagtzoglou, AC
Robbins, GA
AF Starn, J. Jeffrey
Bagtzoglou, Amvrossios C.
Robbins, Gary A.
TI Uncertainty in simulated groundwater-quality trends in transient flow
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Solute transport; Inverse modeling; Numerical modeling; Heterogeneity;
Scale effects
ID WATER FLOW; NONLINEAR-REGRESSION; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION;
SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; PARTICLE TRACKING; TRANSPORT; MODELS; CALIBRATION;
EFFICIENT; TRACERS
AB In numerical modeling of groundwater flow, the result of a given solution method is affected by the way in which transient flow conditions and geologic heterogeneity are simulated. An algorithm is demonstrated that simulates breakthrough curves at a pumping well by convolution-based particle tracking in a transient flow field for several synthetic basin-scale aquifers. In comparison to grid-based (Eulerian) methods, the particle (Lagrangian) method is better able to capture multimodal breakthrough caused by changes in pumping at the well, although the particle method may be apparently nonlinear because of the discrete nature of particle arrival times. Trial-and-error choice of number of particles and release times can perhaps overcome the apparent nonlinearity. Heterogeneous aquifer properties tend to smooth the effects of transient pumping, making it difficult to separate their effects in parameter estimation. Porosity, a new parameter added for advective transport, can be accurately estimated using both grid-based and particle-based methods, but predictions can be highly uncertain, even in the simple, nonreactive case.
C1 [Starn, J. Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA.
[Starn, J. Jeffrey; Bagtzoglou, Amvrossios C.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Robbins, Gary A.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
RP Starn, JJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 101 Pitkin St, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA.
EM jjstarn@usgs.gov
OI Starn, Jon/0000-0001-5909-0010
FU US Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment program
FX The authors would like to thank John Eggleston and Edward Banta, US
Geological Survey, and Steffen Mehl, California State University, for
insightful and helpful comments. Also we thank the US Geological Survey
National Water-Quality Assessment program for support.
NR 42
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 26
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 4
BP 813
EP 827
DI 10.1007/s10040-013-0967-2
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 149VY
UT WOS:000319350700008
ER
PT J
AU Angeler, DG
Allen, CR
Johnson, RK
AF Angeler, David G.
Allen, Craig R.
Johnson, Richard K.
TI Measuring the relative resilience of subarctic lakes to global change:
redundancies of functions within and across temporal scales
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE benthic invertebrates; cross-scale resilience; global change; panarchy;
time-series modelling; vulnerability
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE;
RESPONSE DIVERSITY; COMPLEX-SYSTEMS; BOREAL LAKES; BIODIVERSITY;
COMMUNITIES; ASSEMBLAGES; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Ecosystems at high altitudes and latitudes are expected to be particularly vulnerable to the effects of global change. We assessed the responses of littoral invertebrate communities to changing abiotic conditions in subarctic Swedish lakes with long-term data (19882010) and compared the responses of subarctic lakes with those of more southern, hemiboreal lakes. We used a complex systems approach, based on multivariate time-series modelling, and identified dominant and distinct temporal frequencies in the data; that is, we tracked community change at distinct temporal scales. We determined the distribution of functional feeding groups of invertebrates within and across temporal scales. Within and cross-scale distributions of functions have been considered to confer resilience to ecosystems, despite changing environmental conditions. Two patterns of temporal change within the invertebrate communities were identified that were consistent across the lakes. The first pattern was one of monotonic change associated with changing abiotic lake conditions. The second was one of showing fluctuation patterns largely unrelated to gradual environmental change. Thus, two dominant and distinct temporal frequencies (temporal scales) were present in all lakes analysed. Although the contribution of individual feeding groups varied between subarctic and hemiboreal lakes, they shared overall similar functional attributes (richness, evenness, diversity) and redundancies of functions within and between the observed temporal scales. This highlights similar resilience characteristics in subarctic and hemiboreal lakes. Synthesis and applications. The effects of global change can be particularly strong at a single scale in ecosystems. Over time, this can cause monotonic change in communities and eventually lead to a loss of important ecosystem services upon reaching a critical threshold. Dynamics at other spatial or temporal scales can be unrelated to environmental change. The relative intactness' of these scales that are unaffected by global change and the persistence of functions at those scales may safeguard the whole system from the potential loss of functions at the scale at which global change impacts can be substantial. Thus, an understanding of scale-specific processes provides managers with a realistic assessment of vulnerabilities and the relative resilience of ecosystems to environmental change. Explicit consideration of intact' and affected' scales in analyses of global change impacts provides opportunities to tailor more specific management plans.
C1 [Angeler, David G.; Johnson, Richard K.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden.
[Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Angeler, DG (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden.
EM david.angeler@slu.se
FU REFRESH (Adaptive Strategies to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change
on European Freshwater Ecosystems) [244121]; European Union; August T.
Larsson Foundation of the Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural
Sciences at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Swedish
Environmental Protection Agency; USGS John Wesley Powell Center for
Analysis and Synthesis; U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks
Commission; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and the many people involved
in the monitoring programme for making the analyses of these data sets
possible are gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported by the
REFRESH (Adaptive Strategies to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change
on European Freshwater Ecosystems, contract No. 244121,
www.refresh.ucl.ac.uk/) project funded by the European Union under the
7th Framework Programme, Theme 6 (Environment including Climate Change)
and the August T. Larsson Foundation of the Faculty of Natural Resources
and Agricultural Sciences at the Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences. Additional funding from the Swedish Environmental Protection
Agency and the USGS John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis
is acknowledged. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement between the U.S.
Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
the Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. The manuscript was improved by the constructive criticism of
two anonymous reviewers.
NR 55
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 66
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 50
IS 3
BP 572
EP 584
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12092
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 149VZ
UT WOS:000319350800005
ER
PT J
AU Joseph, MB
Mihaljevic, JR
Arellano, AL
Kueneman, JG
Preston, DL
Cross, PC
Johnson, PTJ
AF Joseph, Maxwell B.
Mihaljevic, Joseph R.
Arellano, Ana Lisette
Kueneman, Jordan G.
Preston, Daniel L.
Cross, Paul C.
Johnson, Pieter T. J.
TI Taming wildlife disease: bridging the gap between science and management
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE co-infection; conservation epidemiology; culling; ecological theory;
emerging infectious disease; parasites; pathogens; transmission;
vaccination
ID ANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA; CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE;
INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; ENVIRONMENTAL-MANAGEMENT; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT;
PARASITE VIRULENCE; EPIDEMIC MODELS; DYNAMICS; CONSERVATION; VACCINATION
AB Parasites and pathogens of wildlife can threaten biodiversity, infect humans and domestic animals, and cause significant economic losses, providing incentives to manage wildlife diseases. Recent insights from disease ecology have helped transform our understanding of infectious disease dynamics and yielded new strategies to better manage wildlife diseases. Simultaneously, wildlife disease management (WDM) presents opportunities for large-scale empirical tests of disease ecology theory in diverse natural systems. To assess whether the potential complementarity between WDM and disease ecology theory has been realized, we evaluate the extent to which specific concepts in disease ecology theory have been explicitly applied in peer-reviewed WDM literature. While only half of WDM articles published in the past decade incorporated disease ecology theory, theory has been incorporated with increasing frequency over the past 40years. Contrary to expectations, articles authored by academics were no more likely to apply disease ecology theory, but articles that explain unsuccessful management often do so in terms of theory. Some theoretical concepts such as density-dependent transmission have been commonly applied, whereas emerging concepts such as pathogen evolutionary responses to management, biodiversitydisease relationships and within-host parasite interactions have not yet been fully integrated as management considerations. Synthesis and applications. Theory-based disease management can meet the needs of both academics and managers by testing disease ecology theory and improving disease interventions. Theoretical concepts that have received limited attention to date in wildlife disease management could provide a basis for improving management and advancing disease ecology in the future.
C1 [Joseph, Maxwell B.; Mihaljevic, Joseph R.; Arellano, Ana Lisette; Kueneman, Jordan G.; Preston, Daniel L.; Johnson, Pieter T. J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cross, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Joseph, MB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, CB 334, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM maxwell.b.joseph@colorado.edu
RI Cross, Paul/K-6987-2012
OI Cross, Paul/0000-0001-8045-5213
FU NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program; U.S.G.S.; NSF/NIH Ecology of
Infectious Disease program [DEB-1067129]; NIH/DHS; David and Lucile
Packard Foundation; National Science Foundation [DEB-1149308, 0841758];
Morris Animal Foundation
FX We thank Y.P. Springer, V.J. McKenzie, S. H. Paull, S. A. Orlofske, S.
Ellis, T.J. Zelikova, the CU Disease Discussion Group and the Johnson
Lab for insightful comments. Any use of trade, product or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.
S. Government. A. L. A., D. L. P., J.G.K., J.R.M. and M.B.J. were
supported by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program. P.C.C.'s work
was supported by U.S.G.S. and the NSF/NIH Ecology of Infectious Disease
program DEB-1067129, and some ideas stem from working groups sponsored
by the NIH/DHS-funded RAPIDD program. P.T.J.J. was supported by a
fellowship from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and grants from
the National Science Foundation (DEB-1149308, 0841758) and the Morris
Animal Foundation.
NR 70
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 7
U2 93
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 50
IS 3
BP 702
EP 712
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12084
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 149VZ
UT WOS:000319350800017
ER
PT J
AU Aretxabaleta, AL
Smith, KW
AF Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.
Smith, Keston W.
TI Multi-regime non-Gaussian data filling for incomplete ocean datasets
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian state estimation; Missing data filling; Data clustering;
Gaussian Mixture Models; SMOS; Amazon plume; ENSO
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; EMPIRICAL ORTHOGONAL FUNCTIONS; DATA SETS;
MODEL; RECONSTRUCTION; SALINITY
AB A method is introduced for improved estimation of missing data that preserves the multi-regime characteristics of a dataset The approach analyzes regime change in spatial time series by applying an Expectation-Maximization algorithm (an iterative procedure that finds the Maximum Likelihood Estimate of statistical model parameters) for the determination of a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). We estimate the GMM when only a linear noisy measurement of the underlying process is available. We demonstrate the validity of the method using an idealized dataset and also by applying the method to equatorial sea surface salinity observed by the TAO/TRITON array. A percentage of the total observations is systematically extracted and predicted using the method to allow for validation. Finally, the approach is applied to recently available remote sea surface salinity from the SMOS satellite in the Amazon River plume region. Areas of large noise levels (reduced signal-to-noise ratios) are considered as missing data and predicted with the proposed approach. The method interprets regime changes and provides reconstructions of missing information based on the mean and covariability within each regime. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.] Inst Ciencias Mar CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.
[Smith, Keston W.] Independent Res, West Tisbuty, MA USA.
RP Aretxabaleta, AL (reprint author), US Geol Survey & Integrated Stat, Woods Hole, MA USA.
EM aaretxabaleta@usgs.gov
OI Aretxabaleta, Alfredo/0000-0002-9914-8018
FU Spanish National Program on Space [ESP2005-06823-C05]; Juan de la Cierva
grant from the Spanish Government; Lowe Energy Design
FX The authors thank the efforts of the entire SMOS Barcelona Expert Centre
on Radiometric Calibration and Ocean Salinity (SMOS-BEC) to produce
improved SSS products, while being an outstanding working environment.
The authors appreciate the comments from an anonymous reviewer that have
helped clarify the content of the article. The TAO/TRITON data were
downloaded from the TAO Project Office server
(http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/). This is a contribution to the SMOS-BEC.
Funding for this work was provided by the Spanish National Program on
Space, under contract ESP2005-06823-C05. A. L. Aretxabaleta has been
additionally supported by a Juan de la Cierva grant from the Spanish
Government. K. W. Smith was supported by his wages at Lowe Energy
Design.
NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 119
BP 11
EP 18
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2013.03.001
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 148IY
UT WOS:000319239200002
ER
PT J
AU Duberstein, JA
Krauss, KW
Conner, WH
Bridges, WC
Shelburne, VB
AF Duberstein, Jamie A.
Krauss, Ken W.
Conner, William H.
Bridges, William C., Jr.
Shelburne, Victor B.
TI Do Hummocks Provide a Physiological Advantage to Even the Most Flood
Tolerant of Tidal Freshwater Trees?
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Taxodium distichum; Baldcypress; Flooding; Hummock maintenance;
Microtopography; Sapflow; Tidal freshwater swamp
ID BALDCYPRESS TAXODIUM-DISTICHUM; GAS-EXCHANGE CHARACTERISTICS; SAP
FLUX-DENSITY; SALINITY GRADIENTS; AVICENNIA-MARINA; BALD-CYPRESS;
TRANSPIRATION; RESPONSES; GROWTH; FOREST
AB Hummock and hollow microtopography is pervasive in tidal freshwater swamps. Many tree species grow atop hummocks significantly more than in hollows, leading to the hypothesis that hummocks provide preferred locations for maximizing physiological proficiency of inhabiting trees that experience repeated flooding. We used thermal dissipation probes to measure the ecophysiological proficiency of a very flood-tolerant tree, Taxodium distichum, as manifested through in-situ changes in sapflow (a proxy for transpiration) in 11 trees on hummocks and 11 trees in hollows. Overall, sapflow increased significantly by 3.3 g H2O m(-2) s(-1) (11 %) in trees on both hummocks and hollows during flooding, contrary to our expectations. We found no significant differences in sapflow rates between T. distichum trees positioned on hummocks versus hollows in relation to discrete flood events. Coincidentally, hummock elevations were equivalent to the flood depths that promoted greatest physiological proficiency in T. distichum, suggesting a physiological role for the maintenance of hummock height in tidal swamps. While we reject our original hypotheses that flooding and positioning in hollows will reduce sapflow in T. distichum, this research reveals a potentially important feedback between hummock height, flood depth, and maximum tree physiological response.
C1 [Krauss, Ken W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, CA USA.
[Bridges, William C., Jr.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA.
[Shelburne, Victor B.] Clemson Univ, Coll Agr Forestry & Life Sci, Clemson, SC USA.
EM jamieduberstein@gmail.com
FU U.S. Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and
Development Program; NIFA/USDA [SC-1700424]
FX Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey
Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program and by
NIFA/USDA, under project number SC-1700424. Technical Contribution No.
6104 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. Marshall "Craig"
Sasser (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Waccamaw National Wildlife
Refuge) granted permission to conduct research on the refuge property.
Nicole Cormier (U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research
Center) assisted with the initial setup of the field study. Brian
Williams and Stephen Hutchinson (Clemson University, Baruch Institute)
helped with field data collection. Andy From (Five Rivers Services, LLC)
helped develop the study area map. Scott Ensign (U.S. Geological Survey)
and 2 anonymous reviewers provided very valuable feedback on early
versions of the manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 50
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 3
BP 399
EP 408
DI 10.1007/s13157-013-0397-x
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 142LC
UT WOS:000318797900002
ER
PT J
AU Al-Chokhachy, R
Ray, AM
Roper, BB
Archer, E
AF Al-Chokhachy, Robert
Ray, Andrew M.
Roper, Brett B.
Archer, Eric
TI Exotic Plant Colonization and Occupancy Within Riparian Areas of the
Interior Columbia River and Upper Missouri River Basins, USA
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Exotic plants; Occupancy model; Riparia; Headwaters
ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; CHEATGRASS BROMUS-TECTORUM; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
SPOTTED KNAPWEED; CANADA THISTLE; UNITED-STATES; GREAT-BASIN; DETECTION
PROBABILITIES; CENTAUREA-MACULOSA; FESCUE GRASSLANDS
AB Exotic plant invasions into riparia often result in shifts in vegetative composition, altered stream function, and cascading effects to biota at multiple scales. Characterizing the distribution patterns of exotic plants is an important step in directing targeted research to identify mechanisms of invasion and potential management strategies. In this study, we employed occupancy models to examine the associations of landscape, climate, and disturbance attributes with the colonization and occupancy patterns for spotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe L.), Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense L., Scop.), and cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) in the riparia of headwater streams (n = 1,091) in the Interior Columbia River and Upper Missouri River Basins. We found relatively low occupancy rates for cheatgrass (0.06, SE = 0.02) and spotted knapweed (0.04, SE = 0.01), but moderate occupancy of Canada thistle (0.28, SE = 0.05); colonization rates were low across all species (< 0.01). We found the distributions of spotted knapweed, Canada thistle, and cheatgrass to exhibit significant associations with both ambient climate conditions and anthropogenic and natural disturbances. We attribute the low to moderate occupancy and colonization rates to the relatively remote locations of our sample sites within headwater streams and urge consideration of means to prevent further invasions.
C1 [Al-Chokhachy, Robert] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Ray, Andrew M.] Natl Pk Serv, Greater Yellowstone Network, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Roper, Brett B.; Archer, Eric] US Forest Serv, USDA, Logan, UT USA.
RP Al-Chokhachy, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Fellowship; U.S. Forest Service region
1; U.S. Forest Service region 4; U.S. Forest Service region 6; BLM
office in Oregon-Washington; BLM office in Idaho
FX Funding for R. Al-Chokhachy was in part through the U.S. Geological
Survey Mendenhall Fellowship Program. We would like to thank the
extensive list of summer field technicians who collected the data for
these analyses and A. Sepulveda (U.S. Geological Survey) for reviewing
and contributing to earlier drafts of this manuscript. The U.S. Forest
Service regions 1, 4, and 6 and BLM offices in Oregon-Washington and
Idaho provided funding for this project. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 115
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 3
BP 409
EP 420
DI 10.1007/s13157-013-0399-8
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 142LC
UT WOS:000318797900003
ER
PT J
AU Butler, MW
Stahlschmidt, ZR
Ardia, DR
Davies, S
Davis, J
Guillette, LJ
Johnson, N
McCormick, SD
McGraw, KJ
DeNardo, DF
AF Butler, Michael W.
Stahlschmidt, Zachary R.
Ardia, Daniel R.
Davies, Scott
Davis, Jon
Guillette, Louis J., Jr.
Johnson, Nicholas
McCormick, Stephen D.
McGraw, Kevin J.
DeNardo, Dale F.
TI Thermal Sensitivity of Immune Function: Evidence against a
Generalist-Specialist Trade-Off among Endothermic and Ectothermic
Vertebrates
SO AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
DE hemagglutination; hemolysis; innate immunity; temperature dependence;
thermal performance curves; Vertebrata
ID ALLIGATOR ALLIGATOR-MISSISSIPPIENSIS; INNATE IMMUNITY; BODY-TEMPERATURE;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; ENVIRONMENTAL-TEMPERATURE; INTERACTIVE TREE; COMPLEMENT;
TOLERANCE; EVOLUTION; RESPONSES
AB Animal body temperature (T-body) varies over daily and annual cycles, affecting multiple aspects of biological performance in both endothermic and ectothermic animals. Yet a comprehensive comparison of thermal performance among animals varying in T-body (mean and variance) and heat production is lacking. Thus, we examined the thermal sensitivity of immune function (a crucial fitness determinant) in Vertebrata, a group encompassing species of varying thermal biology. Specifically, we investigated temperature-related variation in two innate immune performance metrics, hemagglutination and hemolysis, for 13 species across all seven major vertebrate clades. Agglutination and lysis were temperature dependent and were more strongly related to the thermal biology of species (e.g., mean T-body) than to the phylogenetic relatedness of species, although these relationships were complex and frequently surprising (e.g., heterotherms did not exhibit broader thermal performance curves than homeotherms). Agglutination and lysis performance were positively correlated within species, except in taxa that produce squalamine, a steroidal antibiotic that does not lyse red blood cells. Interestingly, we found the antithesis of a generalist-specialist trade-off: species with broader temperature ranges of immune performance also had higher peak performance levels. In sum, we have uncovered thermal sensitivity of immune performance in both endotherms and ectotherms, highlighting the role that temperature and life history play in immune function across Vertebrata.
C1 [Butler, Michael W.; Stahlschmidt, Zachary R.; Davies, Scott; McGraw, Kevin J.; DeNardo, Dale F.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Ardia, Daniel R.] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Biol, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA.
[Davis, Jon] Rhodes Coll, Dept Biol, Memphis, TN 38112 USA.
[Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
[Johnson, Nicholas] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[McCormick, Stephen D.] US Geol Survey, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01370 USA.
[McCormick, Stephen D.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Butler, MW (reprint author), Lafayette Coll, Dept Biol, Easton, PA 18042 USA.
EM butlermw@lafayette.edu
FU Graduate and Professional Student Association at Arizona State
University (ASU); Graduate College Dissertation Fellowship at ASU
FX We gratefully acknowledge the Graduate and Professional Student
Association at Arizona State University (ASU) for funding via the
JumpStart Research Grant. Both M.W.B. and Z.R.S. were partially
supported by a Graduate College Dissertation Fellowship at ASU. We also
appreciate the valuable input of S. Adamo, M. Angilletta, B. K. Davis,
and G. Gilchrist regarding experimental design and analyses. K. Haman
and G. Sirpenski assisted with sample acquisition, and K. Sweazea
provided critical logistical support. This article is contribution 1725
of the US Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 61
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 59
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0003-0147
EI 1537-5323
J9 AM NAT
JI Am. Nat.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 181
IS 6
BP 761
EP 774
DI 10.1086/670191
PG 14
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 145EF
UT WOS:000318996500006
PM 23669539
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, T
Berry, KH
AF Edwards, Taylor
Berry, Kristin H.
TI Are captive tortoises a reservoir for conservation? An assessment of
genealogical affiliation of captive Gopherus agassizii to local, wild
populations
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Captivity; Conservation; Genetics; Gopherus; Repatriation; Testudinidae;
Translocation
ID GIANT GALAPAGOS TORTOISES; RANGING DESERT TORTOISES; MICROSATELLITE
LOCI; MOJAVE DESERT; DISEASE RISKS; REINTRODUCTION PROGRAMS; OUTBREEDING
DEPRESSION; STIGMOCHELYS-PARDALIS; MYCOPLASMA-AGASSIZII; GENETIC
ADAPTATION
AB The conservation of tortoises poses a unique situation because several threatened species are commonly kept as pets within their native ranges. Thus, there is potential for captive populations to be a reservoir for repatriation efforts. We assess the utility of captive populations of the threatened Agassiz's desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) for recovery efforts based on genetic affinity to local areas. We collected samples from 130 captive desert tortoises from three desert communities: two in California (Ridgecrest and Joshua Tree) and the Desert Tortoise Conservation Center (Las Vegas) in Nevada. We tested all samples for 25 short tandem repeats and sequenced 1,109 bp of the mitochondrial genome. We compared captive genotypes to a database of 1,258 Gopherus samples, including 657 wild caught G. agassizii spanning the full range of the species. We conducted population assignment tests to determine the genetic origins of the captive individuals. For our total sample set, only 44 % of captive individuals were assigned to local populations based on genetic units derived from the reference database. One individual from Joshua Tree, California, was identified as being a Morafka's desert tortoise, G. morafkai, a cryptic species which is not native to the Mojave Desert. Our data suggest that captive desert tortoises kept within the native range of G. agassizii cannot be presumed to have a genealogical affiliation to wild tortoises in their geographic proximity. Precautions should be taken before considering the release of captive tortoises into the wild as a management tool for recovery.
C1 [Edwards, Taylor] Univ Arizona, Genet Core, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Berry, Kristin H.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Riverside, CA 92518 USA.
RP Edwards, T (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Genet Core, Thomas W Keating Biores Bldg,1657 E Helen St,Room, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM taylore@email.arizona.edu
FU Tucson Herpetological Society; Desert Tortoise Council; Royal Ontario
Museum, Canada; Arizona Game and Fish Department; University of Florida;
University of Arizona; Department of Defense (Army, Marine Corps); U.S.
Geological Survey
FX We thank J. Novak and T. Thorson for supporting the health clinics
through their hospitals and appreciate the assistance of T. Bailey, K.
Anderson, and J. Mack in sampling captive tortoises. M. McDermott at the
DTCC made arrangements for sampling. Z. Brown assisted with sample
processing and K. Ross and Z. Wolfenburger contributed to the data
preparation. B. Sigafus helped with manuscript preparation, and S.
Jones, A. Vandergast, and two anonymous reviewers provided constructive
reviews. R. Murphy and A. McLuckie contributed significantly to the
reference database of Mojave tortoise samples. M. Forstner and A. Fujii
at Texas State University provided the reference database of Texas
tortoise samples. We obtained Mexican samples through a multinational,
collaborative effort including C. Melendez and M. Villa of Comision de
Ecologia y Desarrollo Sustentable del Estado de Sonora (CEDES) and F. R.
Mendez de la Cruz, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma
de Mexico (UNAM). Special thanks go to the dedicated field crew that
volunteered to make this possible, as well as M. Vaughn, R. Murphy, A.
Karl, M. Brown, L. Wendland, C. Schwalbe, and P. Rosen. Permits for
Mexican samples were facilitated by Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y
Recursos Naturales (SEMARNAT). Funding and support for sample collection
was provided by Tucson Herpetological Society, Desert Tortoise Council,
Royal Ontario Museum, Canada, Arizona Game and Fish Department,
University of Florida, University of Arizona, Department of Defense
(Army, Marine Corps), and the U.S. Geological Survey. Tortoise handling
protocols were approved by the University of Arizona (IACUC 09-138). Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 74
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 8
U2 61
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 3
BP 649
EP 659
DI 10.1007/s10592-013-0458-y
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 143UN
UT WOS:000318893800008
ER
PT J
AU Martin, TE
Ton, R
Niklison, A
AF Martin, Thomas E.
Ton, Riccardo
Niklison, Alina
TI Intrinsic vs. extrinsic influences on life history expression:
metabolism and parentally induced temperature influences on embryo
development rate
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Allometry; embryonic development; incubation behaviour; incubation
period; life history; metabolism; parental care; van Noordwijk and de
Jong
ID INCUBATION PERIOD; AVIAN EMBRYOS; WOOD DUCKS; BIRDS; EVOLUTION; GROWTH;
SIZE; SPAN; ENERGETICS; LONGEVITY
AB Intrinsic processes are assumed to underlie life history expression and trade-offs, but extrinsic inputs are theorised to shift trait expression and mask trade-offs within species. Here, we explore application of this theory across species. We do this based on parentally induced embryo temperature as an extrinsic input, and mass-specific embryo metabolism as an intrinsic process, underlying embryonic development rate. We found that embryonic metabolism followed intrinsic allometry rules among 49 songbird species from temperate and tropical sites. Extrinsic inputs via parentally induced temperatures explained the majority of variation in development rates and masked a relationship with metabolism; metabolism explained a minor proportion of the variation in development rates among species, and only after accounting for temperature effects. We discuss evidence that temperature further obscures the expected interspecific trade-off between development rate and offspring quality. These results demonstrate the importance of considering extrinsic inputs to trait expression and trade-offs across species.
C1 [Martin, Thomas E.] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Ton, Riccardo; Niklison, Alina] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Martin, TE (reprint author), Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM tom.martin@umontana.edu
RI Martin, Thomas/F-6016-2011
OI Martin, Thomas/0000-0002-4028-4867
NR 46
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 34
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1461-023X
EI 1461-0248
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 16
IS 6
BP 738
EP 745
DI 10.1111/ele.12103
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 145EE
UT WOS:000318996400003
PM 23473270
ER
PT J
AU Pavlovic, NM
Maksimovic, V
Maksimovic, JD
Orem, WH
Tatu, CA
Lerch, HE
Bunnell, JE
Kostic, EN
Szilagyi, DN
Paunescu, V
AF Pavlovic, Nikola M.
Maksimovic, Vuk
Maksimovic, Jelena D.
Orem, William H.
Tatu, Calin A.
Lerch, Harry E.
Bunnell, Joseph E.
Kostic, Emina N.
Szilagyi, Diana N.
Paunescu, Virgil
TI Possible health impacts of naturally occurring uptake of aristolochic
acids by maize and cucumber roots: links to the etiology of endemic
(Balkan) nephropathy (vol 35, pg 215, 2013)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Pavlovic, Nikola M.] Univ Nis, Fac Med, Inst Biomed Res, Nish, Serbia.
[Maksimovic, Vuk; Maksimovic, Jelena D.] Univ Belgrade, Inst Multidisciplinary Res, Belgrade 11030, Serbia.
[Orem, William H.; Lerch, Harry E.; Bunnell, Joseph E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 956, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Tatu, Calin A.] Univ Med & Farm Timisoara, Dept Biol, Timisoara 300708, Romania.
[Kostic, Emina N.] Ctr Clin, Clin Nephrol, Nish, Serbia.
[Szilagyi, Diana N.] Emergency Cty Hosp, Dept Pathol, Timisoara, Romania.
[Paunescu, Virgil] Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Immunol, Timisoara, Romania.
RP Tatu, CA (reprint author), Univ Med & Farm Timisoara, Dept Biol, Str Oglinzilor 5 Ap 1, Timisoara 300708, Romania.
EM nikpavster@gmail.com; maxivuk@imsi.rs; draxy@imsi.rs; borem@usgs.gov;
geomed88@gmail.com; tlerch@usgs.gov; jbunnell@usgs.gov; nmp01@ptt.yu;
diana_szilagyi@yahoo.com; vpaunescu@presidency.ro
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0269-4042
J9 ENVIRON GEOCHEM HLTH
JI Environ. Geochem. Health
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 35
IS 3
BP 417
EP 417
DI 10.1007/s10653-013-9514-2
PG 1
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Public,
Environmental & Occupational Health; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental &
Occupational Health; Water Resources
GA 143JX
UT WOS:000318864900013
ER
PT J
AU Mills, CT
Slater, GF
Dias, RF
Carr, SA
Reddy, CM
Schmidt, R
Mandernack, KW
AF Mills, Christopher T.
Slater, Gregory F.
Dias, Robert F.
Carr, Stephanie A.
Reddy, Christopher M.
Schmidt, Raleigh
Mandernack, Kevin W.
TI The relative contribution of methanotrophs to microbial communities and
carbon cycling in soil overlying a coal-bed methane seep
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE phospholipid fatty acids; 13C; 14C; coal-bed methane; methanotroph
ID LANDFILL COVER SOILS; PHOSPHOLIPID FATTY-ACIDS; NATURAL-ABUNDANCE
RADIOCARBON; ORGANIC-MATTER; ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION; OXIDIZING BACTERIA;
METHYLOTROPHIC BACTERIA; II METHANOTROPHS; BOREAL PEATLANDS; C-14
ANALYSIS
AB Seepage of coal-bed methane (CBM) through soils is a potential source of atmospheric CH4 and also a likely source of ancient (i.e. 14C-dead) carbon to soil microbial communities. Natural abundance 13C and 14C compositions of bacterial membrane phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and soil gas CO2 and CH4 were used to assess the incorporation of CBM-derived carbon into methanotrophs and other members of the soil microbial community. Concentrations of type I and type II methanotroph PLFA biomarkers (16:18c and 18:18c, respectively) were elevated in CBM-impacted soils compared with a control site. Comparison of PLFA and 16s rDNA data suggested type I and II methanotroph populations were well estimated and overestimated by their PLFA biomarkers, respectively. The 13C values of PLFAs common in type I and II methanotrophs were as negative as 67 parts per thousand and consistent with the assimilation of CBM. PLFAs more indicative of nonmethanotrophic bacteria had 13C values that were intermediate indicating assimilation of both plant- and CBM-derived carbon. 14C values of select PLFAs (351 to 936 parts per thousand) indicated similar patterns of CBM assimilation by methanotrophs and nonmethanotrophs and were used to estimate that 3591% of carbon assimilated by nonmethanotrophs was derived from CBM depending on time of sampling and soil depth.
C1 [Mills, Christopher T.; Carr, Stephanie A.; Schmidt, Raleigh; Mandernack, Kevin W.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Mills, Christopher T.; Dias, Robert F.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Slater, Gregory F.] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
[Dias, Robert F.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA USA.
[Reddy, Christopher M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Mandernack, Kevin W.] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
RP Mandernack, KW (reprint author), Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Sci, SL 118, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
EM kevinman@iupui.edu
FU American Chemical Society - Petroleum Research Fund (ACS-PRF)
[34165-AC2]; Four Corners Geologic Society; Natural Science and
Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Foundation of
Innovation; Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation
FX This work was supported by grants received by KWM from the American
Chemical Society - Petroleum Research Fund (#ACS-PRF#34165-AC2); a grant
to CTM from the Four Corners Geologic Society; and funding from the
Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canadian
Foundation of Innovation, and Ontario Ministry of Research and
Innovation to GSF. We thank David Swanson (BLM) for assistance with
field site access and background data; Lambert and Associates, (Durango,
CO) for assistance with sample collection; James and Nadean Mills for
assistance with site characterization and field logistics; Teruki
Iwatsuki, (Japan Atomic Energy) for assistance with 14 C analysis of
CH4 and CO2; John Spear, Junko Munakata-Marr, and
Chuck Pepe-Ranney for assistance with 16s rDNA and functional gene
analysis; Jennie Kirby for assistance with 14C analysis of
PLFAs; Laurence Miller and an anonymous reviewer for thoughtful
criticisms on a previous version of the manuscript; and Gary King for
editorial handling. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government.
NR 103
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U1 5
U2 101
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0168-6496
EI 1574-6941
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL
JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 3
BP 474
EP 494
DI 10.1111/1574-6941.12079
PG 21
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 144IG
UT WOS:000318932300004
PM 23346979
ER
PT J
AU Kelly, HAW
Rosi-Marshall, EJ
Kennedy, TA
Hall, RO
Cross, WF
Baxter, CV
AF Kelly, Holly A. Wellard
Rosi-Marshall, Emma J.
Kennedy, Theodore A.
Hall, Robert O., Jr.
Cross, Wyatt F.
Baxter, Colden V.
TI Macroinvertebrate diets reflect tributary inputs and turbidity-driven
changes in food availability in the Colorado River downstream of Glen
Canyon Dam
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE macroinvertebrate diets; regulated rivers; food webs; algal and
terrestrial organic matter; resource composition
ID SERIAL DISCONTINUITY CONCEPT; FRESH-WATER; AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY; STREAM
INVERTEBRATES; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; THERMAL REGIMES; TROPHIC BASIS;
GRAND-CANYON; WEB ANALYSIS; FLOW
AB Physical changes to rivers associated with large dams (e.g., water temperature) directly alter macroinvertebrate assemblages. Large dams also may indirectly alter these assemblages by changing the food resources available to support macroinvertebrate production. We examined the diets of the 4 most common macroinvertebrate taxa in the Colorado River through Glen and Grand Canyons, seasonally, at 6 sites for 2.5 y. We compared macroinvertebrate diet composition to the composition of epilithon (rock and cliff faces) communities and suspended organic seston to evaluate the degree to which macroinvertebrate diets tracked downstream changes in resource availability. Diets contained greater proportions of algal resources in the tailwater of Glen Canyon Dam and more terrestrial-based resources at sites downstream of the 1st major tributary. As predicted, macroinvertebrate diets tracked turbidity-driven changes in resource availability, and river turbidity partially explained variability in macroinvertebrate diets. The relative proportions of resources assimilated by macroinvertebrates ranged from dominance by algae to terrestrial-based resources, despite greater assimilation efficiencies for algal than terrestrial C. Terrestrial resources were most important during high turbidity conditions, which occurred during the late-summer monsoon season (July-October) when tributaries contributed large amounts of organic matter to the mainstem and suspended sediments reduced algal production. Macroinvertebrate diets were influenced by seasonal changes in tributary inputs and turbidity, a result suggesting macroinvertebrate diets in regulated rivers may be temporally dynamic and driven by tributary inputs.
C1 [Kelly, Holly A. Wellard; Rosi-Marshall, Emma J.] Loyola Univ, Dept Biol, Chicago, IL 60626 USA.
[Kennedy, Theodore A.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Hall, Robert O., Jr.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Cross, Wyatt F.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Baxter, Colden V.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
RP Kelly, HAW (reprint author), Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA.
EM hwellar@gmail.com; rosimarshalle@caryinstitute.org; tkennedy@usgs.gov;
bhall@uwyo.edu; wyatt.cross@montana.edu; baxtcold@isu.edu
FU Bureau of Reclamation's Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program
[05WRA G0055]
FX This research was funded by the Bureau of Reclamation's Glen Canyon Dam
Adaptive Management Program via cooperative agreement 05WRA G0055 to ROH
and ERM and administered by the USGS. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the US government. We thank Martin Berg and Chris Peterson for useful
comments on early drafts. We thank David Treering for creating the map
used in this publication. We also acknowledge Kate Behn, Adam Copp,
Amber Gaul, Amber Ulseth, Tyler White, Jim Nunnally, Caitlin Donato,
Paul Hoppe, Antoine Aubeneau, Sarah Seegert, Dustin Kincaid, Jeff
Kampman, Yousuf Sayeed, Amatul Salma, Jillian Stanton, and Kyle Pfeifer
for field and laboratory assistance. We acknowledge the Grand Canyon
Monitoring and Research Center (Carol Fritzinger and staff) for
providing logistical support for river trips and sampling.
NR 69
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U1 3
U2 69
PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 2
BP 397
EP 410
DI 10.1899/12-088.1
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 142CS
UT WOS:000318774500003
ER
PT J
AU Cuffney, TF
Qian, SS
AF Cuffney, Thomas F.
Qian, Song S.
TI A critique of the use of indicator-species scores for identifying
thresholds in species responses
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE benthic macroinvertebrates; change point; indicator species scores;
management threshold; simulation; threshold
ID ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITY THRESHOLDS; CATCHMENT URBANIZATION; MANAGEMENT;
IDENTIFICATION; ASSEMBLAGES; BREAKPOINTS
AB Identification of ecological thresholds is important both for theoretical and applied ecology. Recently, Baker and King (2010, King and Baker 2010) proposed a method, threshold indicator analysis (TITAN), to calculate species and community thresholds based on indicator species scores adapted from Dufrene and Legendre (1997). We tested the ability of TITAN to detect thresholds using models with (broken-stick, disjointed broken-stick, dose-response, step-function, Gaussian) and without (linear) definitive thresholds. TITAN accurately and consistently detected thresholds in step-function models, but not in models characterized by abrupt changes in response slopes or response direction. Threshold detection in TITAN was very sensitive to the distribution of 0 values, which caused TITAN to identify thresholds associated with relatively small differences in the distribution of 0 values while ignoring thresholds associated with large changes in abundance. Threshold identification and tests of statistical significance were based on the same data permutations resulting in inflated estimates of statistical significance. Application of bootstrapping to the split-point problem that underlies TITAN led to underestimates of the confidence intervals of thresholds. Bias in the derivation of the z-scores used to identify TITAN thresholds and skewedness in the distribution of data along the gradient produced TITAN thresholds that were much more similar than the actual thresholds. This tendency may account for the synchronicity of thresholds reported in TITAN analyses. The thresholds identified by TITAN represented disparate characteristics of species responses that, when coupled with the inability of TITAN to identify thresholds accurately and consistently, does not support the aggregation of individual species thresholds into a community threshold.
C1 [Cuffney, Thomas F.] US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
[Qian, Song S.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Cuffney, TF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 3916 Sunset Ridge Rd, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
EM tcuffney@usgs.gov; mdqian@gmail.com
FU USGS through a USGS-Duke University [08HQAG0121]
FX We thank Roxolana Kashuba, Ibrahim Alameddine, and Gerald McMahon for
their insightful discussions and comments. Ian Waite (US Geological
Survey [USGS], Portland, Oregon), John Van Sickle (US Environmental
Protection Agency, Corvallis, Oregon), and Michael Lavine (University of
Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts) reviewed an early version of the
manuscript and provided many valuable comments and suggestions. Comments
and suggestions provided by 2 anonymous referees and Associate Editor
Heikki Mykra are also greatly appreciated. The research was completed
while Song Qian was supported by the USGS through a USGS-Duke University
cooperative agreement (08HQAG0121).
NR 24
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U1 2
U2 37
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 2161-9549
EI 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 2
BP 471
EP 488
DI 10.1899/12-056.1
PG 18
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 142CS
UT WOS:000318774500009
ER
PT J
AU Treanor, HB
Giersch, JJ
Kappenman, KM
Muhlfeld, CC
Webb, MAH
AF Treanor, Hilary B.
Giersch, J. Joseph
Kappenman, Kevin M.
Muhlfeld, Clint C.
Webb, Molly A. H.
TI Thermal tolerance of meltwater stonefly Lednia tumana nymphs from an
alpine stream in Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, Montana, USA
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE meltwater stonefly; thermal tolerance; climate change; critical thermal
maximum; lethal temperature maximum; Waterton-Glacier International
Peace Park
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; NEW-ZEALAND; TEMPERATURE; TROUT; NEMOURIDAE; PLECOPTERA;
RESPONSES; MAXIMUM; FISHES
AB Global climate change threatens to affect negatively the structure, function, and diversity of aquatic ecosystems worldwide. In alpine systems, the thermal tolerances of stream invertebrates can be assessed to understand better the potential effects of rising ambient temperatures and continued loss of glaciers and snowpack on alpine stream ecosystems. We measured the critical thermal maximum (CTM) and lethal temperature maximum (LTM) of the meltwater stonefly (Lednia tumana), a species limited to glacial and snowmelt-driven alpine streams in the Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park area and a candidate for listing under the US Endangered Species Act. We collected L. tumana nymphs from Lunch Creek in Glacier National Park, Montana (USA) and transported them to a laboratory at the University of Montana Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana. We placed nymphs in a controlled water bath at 1 of 2 acclimation temperatures, 8.5 and 15 degrees C. We increased water temperature at a constant rate of 0.3 degrees C/min. We calculated the average CTM and LTM (+/- SD) for each acclimation temperature and compared them with Student's t-tests. Predicted chronic temperature maxima were determined using the M rule. Mean LTMs were 32.3 +/- 0.28 degrees C and 31.05 +/- 0.78 degrees C in the 8.5 and 15 degrees C acclimation treatments, respectively. CTM and LTM metrics were lower in the 15 than in the 8.5 degrees C acclimation treatment, but these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The predicted chronic temperature maxima were 20.6 and 20.2 degrees C for the 8.5 and 15 degrees C acclimation treatments, respectively. More research is needed on the effects of chronic exposures to rising stream temperatures, but our results can be used to assess the potential effects of warming water temperatures on L. tumana and other aquatic macroinvertebrates in alpine ecosystems.
C1 [Treanor, Hilary B.] Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Giersch, J. Joseph; Muhlfeld, Clint C.] Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA.
[Kappenman, Kevin M.] Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Muhlfeld, Clint C.] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA.
RP Treanor, HB (reprint author), Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, 4050 Bridger Canyon Rd, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM hilary.billman@montana.edu; jgiersch@usgs.gov; kevin_kappenman@fws.gov;
cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov; molly_webb@fws.gov
FU Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative (Department of the
Interior)
FX This research was funded by a grant from the Great Northern Landscape
Conservation Cooperative (Department of the Interior). We thank the
University of Montana Flathead Lake Biological Station for use of
laboratory facilities and equipment. The Bozeman Fish Technology Center
(US Fish and Wildlife Service) also provided equipment and vehicle use.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. This research
was conducted in accordance with the Animal Welfare Act and its
subsequent amendments.
NR 34
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U1 1
U2 41
PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 2
BP 597
EP 605
DI 10.1899/12-100.1
PG 9
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 142CS
UT WOS:000318774500019
ER
PT J
AU Briggs, MA
Lautz, LK
Hare, DK
Gonzalez-Pinzon, R
AF Briggs, Martin A.
Lautz, Laura K.
Hare, Danielle K.
Gonzalez-Pinzon, Ricardo
TI Relating hyporheic fluxes, residence times, and redox-sensitive
biogeochemical processes upstream of beaver dams
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE hyporheic; biogeochemistry; residence time; redox; beaver dam; nitrate;
hotspot; resazurin; smart tracer.
ID ELECTRON-ACCEPTING PROCESSES; SUBSURFACE WATER EXCHANGE; GROUNDWATER
EXCHANGE; HYDROLOGICAL EXCHANGE; HEADWATER STREAM; HEAT; TRACER; ZONE;
ECOSYSTEM; NETWORKS
AB Small dams enhance the development of patchy microenvironments along stream corridors by trapping sediment and creating complex streambed morphologies. This patchiness drives intricate hyporheic flux patterns that govern the exchange of O-2 and redox-sensitive solutes between the water column and the stream bed. We used multiple tracer techniques, naturally occurring and injected, to evaluate hyporheic flow dynamics and associated biogeochemical cycling and microbial reactivity around 2 beaver dams in Wyoming (USA). High-resolution fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing was used to collect temperature data over 9 vertical streambed profiles and to generate comprehensive vertical flux maps using 1-dimensional (1-D) heat-transport modeling. Coincident with these locations, vertical profiles of hyporheic water were collected every week and analyzed for dissolved O2, pH, dissolved organic C, and several conservative and redox-sensitive solutes. In addition, hyporheic and net stream aerobic microbial reactivity were analyzed with a constant-rate injection of the biologically sensitive resazurin (Raz) smart tracer. The combined results revealed a heterogeneous system with rates of downwelling hyporheic flow organized by morphologic unit and tightly coupled to the redox conditions of the subsurface. Principal component analysis was used to summarize the variability of all redox-sensitive species, and results indicated that hyporheic water varied from oxic-stream-like to anoxic-reduced in direct response to the hydrodynamic conditions and associated residence times. The anaerobic transition threshold predicted by the mean O-2 Damko "hler number seemed to overestimate the actual transition as indicated by multiple secondary electron acceptors, illustrating the gradient nature of anaerobic transition. Temporal flux variability in low-flux morphologies generated a much greater range in hyporheic redox conditions compared to high-flux zones, and chemical responses to changing flux rates were consistent with those predicted from the empirical relationship between redox condition and residence time. The Raz tracer revealed that hyporheic flow paths have strong net aerobic respiration, particularly at higher residence time, but this reactive exchange did not affect the net stream signal at the reach scale.
C1 [Briggs, Martin A.; Lautz, Laura K.; Hare, Danielle K.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Heroy Geol Lab 24, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
[Gonzalez-Pinzon, Ricardo] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Briggs, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, Unit 5015, 11 Sherman Pl, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM mbriggs@usgs.gov; lklautz@syr.edu; dhare@geo.umass.edu;
gonzaric@geo.oregonstate.edu
RI Gonzalez-Pinzon, Ricardo/A-6877-2011; Lautz, Laura/J-2274-2014
OI Gonzalez-Pinzon, Ricardo/0000-0001-9387-6885; Lautz,
Laura/0000-0002-5735-1114
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0901480, EAR 0838338]; US Geological
Survey's Toxic Substance Hydrology Program
FX Cooperation with the Wyoming Nature Conservancy was instrumental for our
study by providing site access and logistical support. We thank Dennis
Lemke for help in data collection and analysis, and Fred Day-Lewis and 3
anonymous referees for comments that have improved this paper. This
material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation
under grants EAR-0901480 and EAR 0838338, and the US Geological Survey's
Toxic Substance Hydrology Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the US Government. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and
do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation,
but do represent the views of the US Geological Survey.
NR 52
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U2 87
PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 2
BP 622
EP 641
DI 10.1899/12-110.1
PG 20
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 142CS
UT WOS:000318774500021
ER
PT J
AU Olea, RA
AF Olea, Ricardo A.
TI Special issue on geostatistical and spatiotemporal modeling of coal
resources Preface
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Olea, RA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM rolea@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 112
SI SI
BP 1
EP 1
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2013.01.010
PG 1
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 142YA
UT WOS:000318832300001
ER
PT J
AU Geboy, NJ
Olea, RA
Engle, MA
Martin-Fernandez, JA
AF Geboy, Nicholas J.
Olea, Ricardo A.
Engle, Mark A.
Antoni Martin-Fernandez, Josep
TI Using simulated maps to interpret the geochemistry, formation and
quality of the Blue Gem coal bed, Kentucky, USA
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Blue Gem; Sequential Gaussian simulation; Trace elements in coal; Joint
probability maps
ID COMPOSITIONAL DATA SETS; SOUTHEASTERN KENTUCKY; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS;
ROUNDED ZEROS; RESONANCE; COUNTY; COPPER
AB This study presents geostatistical simulations of coal-quality parameters, major oxides and trace metals for an area covering roughly 812 km(2) of the Blue Gem coal bed in southeastern Kentucky, USA. The Blue Gem, characterized by low ash yield and low sulfur content, is an important economic resource. Past studies have characterized the Blue Gem's geochemistry, palynology and petrography and inferred a depositional setting of a planar peat deposit that transitioned to slightly domed later in its development. These studies have focused primarily on vertical geochemical trends within the coal bed. Simulated maps of chemical elements derived from 45 measured sample locations across the study area provide an opportunity to observe changes in the horizontal direction within the coal bed. As the Blue Gem coal bed shows significant vertical chemical trends, care was taken in this study to try to select samples from a single, middle portion of the coal. By revealing spatial distribution patterns of elements across the middle of the bed, associations between different components of the coal can be seen. The maps therefore help to provide a picture of the coal-forming peat bog at an instant in geologic time and allow the interpretation of a depositional setting in the horizontal direction. Results from this middle portion of the coal suggest an association of SiO2 with both K2O and TiO2 in different parts of the study area. Further, a pocket in the southeast of the study area shows elevated concentrations of elements attributable to observed carbonate-phase minerals (MgO, CaO, Ba and Sr) as well as elements commonly associated with sulfide-phase minerals (Cu, Mo and Ni). Areas of relatively high ash yield are observed in the north and south of the mapped area, in contrast to the low ash yields seen towards the east. Additionally, we present joint probability maps where multiple coal-quality parameters are plotted simultaneously on one figure. This application allows researchers to investigate the associations of more than two components in a straight-forward manner useful in guiding resource exploration. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Geboy, Nicholas J.; Olea, Ricardo A.; Engle, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Antoni Martin-Fernandez, Josep] Univ Girona, Girona, Spain.
RP Geboy, NJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM ngeboy@usgs.gov
RI Martin-Fernandez, Josep-Antoni/B-9208-2011;
OI Martin-Fernandez, Josep-Antoni/0000-0003-2366-1592; Engle,
Mark/0000-0001-5258-7374
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Energy Resource Program
FX The authors are thankful to James C. Hower and the University of
Kentucky's Center for Applied Energy Resources for supplying us with the
data used in this study. Funding for this study was provided by the U.S.
Geological Survey's Energy Resource Program. Thanks are also owed to
Joseph East at the U.S. Geological Survey for his assistance in drafting
figures. This document benefitted from discussions with Leslie Ruppert
and thoughtful comments from James C. Hower, Sandra G. Neuzil and two
anonymous reviewers appointed by the journal.
NR 36
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U1 0
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 112
SI SI
BP 26
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2012.10.010
PG 10
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 142YA
UT WOS:000318832300004
ER
PT J
AU Engle, MA
Olea, RA
O'Keefe, JMK
Hower, JC
Geboy, NJ
AF Engle, Mark A.
Olea, Ricardo A.
O'Keefe, Jennifer M. K.
Hower, James C.
Geboy, Nicholas J.
TI Direct estimation of diffuse gaseous emissions from coal fires: Current
methods and future directions
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Coal fires; Emissions; Greenhouse gases; Geostatistics; Sequential
Gaussian simulation
ID GAS EMISSIONS; EASTERN KENTUCKY; FLUX CHAMBER; CO2; SIMULATION; FIELD;
SOIL; USA
AB Coal fires occur in nature spontaneously, contribute to increases in greenhouse gases, and emit atmospheric toxicants. Increasing interest in quantifying coal fire emissions has resulted in the adaptation and development of specialized approaches and adoption of numerical modeling techniques. Overview of these methods for direct estimation of diffuse gas emissions from coal fires is presented in this paper. Here we take advantage of stochastic Gaussian simulation to interpolate CO2 fluxes measured using a dynamic closed chamber at the Ruth Mullins coal fire in Perry County, Kentucky. This approach allows for preparing a map of diffuse gas emissions, one of the two primary ways that gases emanate from coal fires, and establishing the reliability of the study both locally and for the entire fire. Future research directions include continuous and automated sampling to improve quantification of gaseous coal fire emissions. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Engle, Mark A.; Olea, Ricardo A.; Geboy, Nicholas J.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Engle, Mark A.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[O'Keefe, Jennifer M. K.] Morehead State Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Morehead, KY 40351 USA.
[Hower, James C.] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA.
RP Engle, MA (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
EM engle@usgs.gov
OI Engle, Mark/0000-0001-5258-7374
FU U.S. Geological Survey Energy Resources Program; U.S. Geological Survey
Venture Capital Fund; NASA through a Kentucky Space Consortium grant
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Energy Resources
Program, the U.S. Geological Survey Venture Capital Fund, and by NASA
through a Kentucky Space Consortium grant. Max Hammond, III and Erika
Neace (Morehead State University) assisted with collection and
processing of diffuse CO2 flux data from the Ruth Mullins
coal fire. The authors would like to thank Allan Kolker (USGS) for
suggestions and improvements made on an earlier version of this paper.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 112
SI SI
BP 164
EP 172
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2012.10.005
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 142YA
UT WOS:000318832300017
ER
PT J
AU Butler, SR
Harms, R
Farnsworth-Hoback, K
Koupal, K
Jurzenski, J
Hoback, WW
AF Butler, Stephanie R.
Harms, Robert
Farnsworth-Hoback, Kerri
Koupal, Keith
Jurzenski, Jessica
Hoback, W. Wyatt
TI Standardized capture rates of the endangered American burying beetle,
Nicrophorus americanus Olivier (Coleoptera: Silphidae) using different
trap protocols
SO JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Trap night; Silphidae; Pitfall traps; Sampling method; Monitoring
ID PITFALL TRAPS; SOUTH-DAKOTA; CONSERVATION; CARABIDAE; NEBRASKA; ECOLOGY;
RECORDS
AB The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has adopted two different pitfall trap protocols to survey the endangered American burying beetle, Nicrophorus americanus. One protocol uses a transect of eight pitfall traps that prohibit bait contact over the course of three trap nights. The other protocol uses buckets that allow for bait contact over a five night trapping period. A trap night is defined as one trap open for one night, and the transect protocol has historically been calculated as eight trap nights per calendar night while; the bucket protocol has been calculated as one trap night per calendar night. This study examined the effectiveness of each protocol based on the number of beetles (Nicrophorus spp.) captured per trap night (BTN) in field and laboratory trials. When each transect was considered as a single trap instead of eight separate traps, no significant difference in BTN was detected between the protocols in any year. Laboratory trials were conducted using Nicrophorus marginatus to determine differences in capture efficiency based on protocol, time after release, and feeding status. The proportion of beetles captured after 5 days was greater when compared to 3 days for either protocol. Our results indicate that cup transects used to sample the American burying beetle should be considered as a single trap when calculating trap night and that the use of five trap nights rather than three would increase the likelihood of capturing beetles.
C1 [Butler, Stephanie R.; Farnsworth-Hoback, Kerri; Hoback, W. Wyatt] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Kearney, NE 68849 USA.
[Harms, Robert] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Grand Isl, NE 68801 USA.
[Koupal, Keith] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Kearney, NE 68847 USA.
[Jurzenski, Jessica] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Farnsworth-Hoback, K (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Kearney, NE 68849 USA.
EM hobackww@unk.edu
FU Nebraska Department of Roads; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Nebraska
Game and Parks Commission
FX Funding for this study was provided by the Nebraska Department of Roads,
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Nebraska Game and Parks Commission.
We wish to thank M. Parenti, A. Koehler, R. Butler and T. L. Duncan for
field assistance. The views and opinions of the authors expressed herein
do not necessarily state or reflect those of the U.S. Department of
Transportation. American burying beetle trapping was conducted under
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Permit #TE045150-0.
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PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1366-638X
J9 J INSECT CONSERV
JI J. Insect Conserv.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 17
IS 3
BP 607
EP 613
DI 10.1007/s10841-012-9545-5
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology
GA 146DX
UT WOS:000319070700017
ER
PT J
AU Maier, KL
Fildani, A
Paull, CK
McHargue, TR
Graham, SA
Caress, DW
AF Maier, Katherine L.
Fildani, Andrea
Paull, Charles K.
McHargue, Timothy R.
Graham, Stephan A.
Caress, David W.
TI Deep-sea channel evolution and stratigraphic architecture from inception
to abandonment from high-resolution Autonomous Underwater Vehicle
surveys offshore central California
SO SEDIMENTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Avulsion; bar; deep-water channel; levee; Lucia Chica channel system;
sinuous deep-marine channel; splay
ID DELTA CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; TURBIDITY CURRENTS; SUBMARINE CHANNELS; SEISMIC
GEOMORPHOLOGY; DEPOSITIONAL ELEMENTS; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; WATER
CHANNELS; AVULSION-BELT; FAN; CANYON
AB The Lucia Chica channel system is an avulsion belt with four adjacent channels that progressively avulsed to the north-east from a single, upslope feeder channel. Avulsion occurred from underfilled channels, leaving open channels that were reactivated by flows stripped from younger, adjacent channels. Differences in relief (height from channel thalweg to levee crest), sinuosity and levee stratigraphy between adjacent channels correspond to relative channel age, and indicate a change in channel morphology and architecture with time. Potential triggers for the change over time include differences in gradient, flow behaviour and characteristics, and channel evolution. Gradient does not appear to be a major control on channel formation and avulsion because adjacent channels formed on the same gradient. Based on available ultra-high-resolution remote imaging obtained with an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle, differences in adjacent channel morphology are interpreted to be primarily a result of differences in channel maturity. The interpreted sequence of channel maturity involves erosional channel inception through scouring and incipient channels (defined by linear trains of scours) prior to development of continuous thalwegs. Channel narrowing, formation and growth of levees, increasing channel relief and development of sinuosity occurred as channels evolved. The evolutionary sequence interpreted from the high-resolution Lucia Chica dataset provides a unique perspective on intrinsic controls of architecture for single channel elements. In addition to helping bridge the gap between outcrop and industry-standard reflection-seismic data resolutions and scopes, interpretations in this study also expose potential problems with hierarchical classifications in three-dimensional imaging of distributary systems, and provide potentially important analogues for evolutionary morphologies not resolved in other deep-water channel systems.
C1 [Maier, Katherine L.; McHargue, Timothy R.; Graham, Stephan A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Fildani, Andrea] Chevron Energy Technol Co, San Ramon, CA 94583 USA.
[Paull, Charles K.; Caress, David W.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
RP Maier, KL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM kmaier@usgs.gov
OI Caress, David/0000-0002-6596-9133
FU Chevron Energy Technology Company (ETC); David and Lucile Packard
Foundation; Stanford Project on Deep-water Depositional Systems
(SPODDS); Aera Energy; Anadarko; BHP Billiton; Chevron; ConocoPhillips;
Hess; Karoon Gas; Neos; Nexen; Occidental Petroleum; Petrobras;
Rohol-Aufsuchungs Aktiengesellschaft (RAG); Saudi Aramco; Schlumberger;
Shell; Talisman Energy; Venoco, Inc.; Chevron ETC
FX The funding for data collection was provided by Chevron Energy
Technology Company (ETC) and The David and Lucile Packard Foundation.
The funding for the first author was provided by affiliates of the
Stanford Project on Deep-water Depositional Systems (SPODDS), currently
including Aera Energy, Anadarko, BHP Billiton, Chevron, ConocoPhillips,
Hess, Karoon Gas, Neos, Nexen, Occidental Petroleum, Petrobras,
Rohol-Aufsuchungs Aktiengesellschaft (RAG), Saudi Aramco, Schlumberger,
Shell, Talisman Energy and Venoco, Inc., Chevron ETC provided use of
Seisworks (R) and Petrel (R) software. The authors express special
thanks to Mark Koelmel and Morgan Sullivan for funding and support
through Chevron ETC; the late William R. Normark, George Hilley, Brian
Romans, Jake Covault, Don Lowe, Dave Hodgson, Keisha Durant, and SPODDS
affiliates and students for helpful discussions; Julian Clark for
generating the dip attribute image in Figure 2C; Elizabeth Baggs, Eve
Lundsten, Ray Sliter, Hans Thomas, Doug Conlin, Duane Thompson and the
crew of the R/V Zephyr for data collection and handling. The authors
also express thanks to Miles Traer and Dominic Armitage for reviewing
previous versions of this manuscript. The authors greatly appreciate the
helpful reviews from Russell Wynn and Peter Talling and comments from
Editor Stephen Rice.
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0037-0746
J9 SEDIMENTOLOGY
JI Sedimentology
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 60
IS 4
BP 935
EP 960
DI 10.1111/j.1365-3091.2012.01371.x
PG 26
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 146DB
UT WOS:000319068300003
ER
PT J
AU Forrest, MJ
Kulongoski, JT
Edwards, MS
Farrar, CD
Belitz, K
Norris, RD
AF Forrest, M. J.
Kulongoski, J. T.
Edwards, M. S.
Farrar, C. D.
Belitz, K.
Norris, R. D.
TI Hydrothermal contamination of public supply wells in Napa and Sonoma
Valleys, California
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOTHERMAL FLUIDS; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; THERMAL WATERS; DRINKING-WATER;
GROUNDWATER; SYSTEMS; GEOCHEMISTRY; CHEMISTRY; BORON; INFORMATION
AB Groundwater chemistry and isotope data from 44 public supply wells in the Napa and Sonoma Valleys, California were determined to investigate mixing of relatively shallow groundwater with deeper hydrothermal fluids. Multivariate analyses including Cluster Analyses, Multidimensional Scaling (MDS), Principal Components Analyses (PCA), Analysis of Similarities (ANOSIM), and Similarity Percentage Analyses (SIMPER) were used to elucidate constituent distribution patterns, determine which constituents are significantly associated with these hydrothermal systems, and investigate hydrothermal contamination of local groundwater used for drinking water. Multivariate statistical analyses were essential to this study because traditional methods, such as mixing tests involving single species (e. g. Cl or SiO2) were incapable of quantifying component proportions due to mixing of multiple water types. Based on these analyses, water samples collected from the wells were broadly classified as fresh groundwater, saline waters, hydrothermal fluids, or mixed hydrothermal fluids/meteoric water wells. The Multivariate Mixing and Mass-balance (M3) model was applied in order to determine the proportion of hydrothermal fluids, saline water, and fresh groundwater in each sample. Major ions, isotopes, and physical parameters of the waters were used to characterize the hydrothermal fluids as Na-Cl type, with significant enrichment in the trace elements As, B, F and Li. Five of the wells from this study were classified as hydrothermal, 28 as fresh groundwater, two as saline water, and nine as mixed hydrothermal fluids/meteoric water wells. The M3 mixing-model results indicated that the nine mixed wells contained between 14% and 30% hydrothermal fluids. Further, the chemical analyses show that several of these mixed-water wells have concentrations of As, F and B that exceed drinking-water standards or notification levels due to contamination by hydrothermal fluids. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Forrest, M. J.; Norris, R. D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Kulongoski, J. T.; Belitz, K.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
[Edwards, M. S.] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Farrar, C. D.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Carnelian Bay, CA 96140 USA.
RP Forrest, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM mjforrest@ucsd.edu
OI Kulongoski, Justin/0000-0002-3498-4154
FU California State Water Resources Control Board; U.S. Geological Survey
FX Funding for this work was provided by the California State Water
Resources Control Board and the U.S. Geological Survey. Noble gas
analyses were made by Jean Moran and Brad Esser at the Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory. The authors would also like to thank
Marcus Laaksoharju and Birgitta Kalinowski for access and permission to
use the Multivariate Mixing and Mass-balance M3 Mixing Model.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 33
BP 25
EP 40
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.01.012
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 139WG
UT WOS:000318615100003
ER
PT J
AU Plummer, LN
Sibrell, PL
Casile, GC
Busenberg, E
Hunt, AG
Schlosser, P
AF Plummer, L. Niel
Sibrell, Philip L.
Casile, Gerolamo C.
Busenberg, Eurybiades
Hunt, Andrew G.
Schlosser, Peter
TI Tracing groundwater with low-level detections of halogenated VOCs in a
fractured carbonate-rock aquifer, Leetown Science Center, West Virginia,
USA
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID STANDARDIZED PRECIPITATION INDEX; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS;
NOBLE-GASES; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; WATER; TRITIUM; SYSTEM; HE-3
AB Measurements of low-level concentrations of halogenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and estimates of groundwater age interpreted from H-3/He-3 and SF6 data have led to an improved understanding of groundwater flow, water sources, and transit times in a karstic, fractured, carbonate-rock aquifer at the Leetown Science Center (LSC), West Virginia. The sum of the concentrations of a set of 16 predominant halogenated VOCs (TDVOC) determined by gas chromatography with electron-capture detector (GC-ECD) exceeded that possible for air-water equilibrium in 34 of the 47 samples (median TDVOC of 24,800 pg kg(-1)), indicating that nearly all the water sampled in the vicinity of the LSC has been affected by addition of halogenated VOCs from non-atmospheric source(s). Leakage from a landfill that was closed and sealed nearly 20 a prior to sampling was recognized and traced to areas east of the LSC using low-level detection of tetrachloroethene (PCE), methyl chloride (MeCl), methyl chloroform (MC), dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), and cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-DCE). Chloroform (CHLF) was the predominant VOC in water from domestic wells surrounding the LSC, and was elevated in groundwater in and near the Fish Health Laboratory at the LSC, where a leak of chlorinated water occurred prior to 2006. The low-level concentrations of halogenated VOCs did not exceed human or aquatic-life health criteria, and were useful in providing an awareness of the intrinsic susceptibility of the fractured karstic groundwater system at the LSC to non-atmospheric anthropogenic inputs. The H-3/He-3 groundwater ages of spring discharge from the carbonate rocks showed transient behavior, with ages averaging about 2 a in 2004 following a wet climatic period (2003-2004), and ages in the range of 4-7 a in periods of more average precipitation (2008-2009). The SF6 and CFC-12 data indicate older water (model ages of 10s of years or more) in the low-permeability shale of the Martinsburg Formation located to the west of the LSC. A two-a record of specific conductance, water temperature, and discharge recorded at 30-min intervals demonstrated an approximately 3-month lag in discharge at Gray Spring. The low groundwater ages of waters from the carbonate rocks support rapid advective transport of contaminants from the LSC vicinity, yet the nearly ubiquitous occurrence of low-level concentrations of halogenated VOCs at the LSC suggests the presence of long-term persistent sources, such as seepage from the closed and sealed landfill, infiltration of VOCs that may persist locally in the epikarst, exchange with low-permeability zones in fractured rock, and upward leakage of older water that may contain elevated concentrations of halogenated VOCs from earlier land use activities. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Plummer, L. Niel; Casile, Gerolamo C.; Busenberg, Eurybiades] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 432, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Sibrell, Philip L.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Hunt, Andrew G.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Schlosser, Peter] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
RP Plummer, LN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 432, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM nplummer@usgs.gov
RI Schlosser, Peter/C-6416-2012;
OI Schlosser, Peter/0000-0002-6514-4203; Sibrell,
Philip/0000-0001-5666-1228; Plummer, L. Niel/0000-0002-4020-1013
FU USGS Leetown Science Center; USGS National Research Program
FX We thank Michael Doughten, Peggy Widman, Julian Wayland and Tyler Coplen
and staff of the Reston Stable Isotope Laboratory, USGS, Reston, VA for
analytical assistance. Noble gas measurements were made at the USGS
Noble Gas Laboratory, Lakewood, CO and at the Noble Gas Laboratory of
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY.
We are grateful to the local spring and well owners for granting
permission to sample. The manuscript was improved by constructive
reviews from David L. Nelms (USGS, Richmond, VA) and two anonymous
reviewers. This study was supported in part by funds from the USGS
Leetown Science Center, and the USGS National Research Program. Any use
of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 33
BP 260
EP 280
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.02.021
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 139WG
UT WOS:000318615100021
ER
PT J
AU Cook, GM
Rothenberger, JP
Sikaroodi, M
Gillevet, PM
Peters, EC
Jonas, RB
AF Cook, G. M.
Rothenberger, J. P.
Sikaroodi, M.
Gillevet, P. M.
Peters, E. C.
Jonas, R. B.
TI A comparison of culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques
used to characterize bacterial communities on healthy and white
plague-diseased corals of the Montastraea annularis species complex
SO CORAL REEFS
LA English
DT Article
DE White plague type II; Coral disease; Aurantimonas coralicida;
Montastraea; Bacterial community; Microbial dysbiosis
ID AMPLICON LENGTH HETEROGENEITY; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; REEF CORAL;
ERYTHROBACTER-LITORALIS; PHOTOTROPHIC BACTERIA; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES;
METAGENOMIC ANALYSIS; OCULINA-PATAGONICA; INDO-PACIFIC; DNA
AB Diseases of hermatypic corals pose a global threat to coral reefs, and investigations of bacterial communities associated with healthy corals and those exhibiting signs of disease are necessary for proper diagnosis. One disease, commonly called white plague (WP), is characterized by acute tissue loss. This investigation compared the bacterial communities associated with healthy coral tissue (N = 15), apparently healthy tissue on WP-diseased colonies (N = 15), and WP-diseased tissues (N = 15) from Montastraea annularis (species complex) colonies inhabiting a Bahamian reef. Aliquots of sediment (N = 15) and water (N = 15) were also obtained from the proximity of each coral colony sampled. Samples for culture-dependent analyses were inoculated onto one-half strength Marine Agar (A1/2 MA) and Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts Sucrose Agar to quantify the culturable communities. Length heterogeneity PCR (LH-PCR) of the 16S rRNA gene characterized the bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTU) associated with lesions on corals exhibiting signs of a white plague-like disease as well as apparently healthy tissue from diseased and non-diseased conspecifics. Analysis of Similarity was conducted on the LH-PCR fingerprints, which indicated no significant difference in the composition of bacterial communities associated with apparently healthy and diseased corals. Comparisons of the 16S rRNA gene amplicons from cultured bacterial colonies (A1/2 MA; N = 21) with all amplicons obtained from the whole coral-associated bacterial community indicated a parts per thousand yen39 % of coral-associated bacterial taxa could be cultured. Amplicons from these bacterial cultures matched amplicons from the whole coral-associated bacterial community that, when combined, accounted for > 70 % total bacterial abundance. An OTU with the same amplicon length as Aurantimonas coralicida (313.1 bp), the reported etiological agent of WPII, was detected in relatively low abundance (< 0.1 %) on all tissue types. These findings suggest a coral disease resembling WP may result from multiple etiologies.
C1 [Cook, G. M.; Sikaroodi, M.; Gillevet, P. M.; Peters, E. C.; Jonas, R. B.] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Cook, G. M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Rothenberger, J. P.] US Virgin Isl, Div Coastal Zone Management, Dept Planning & Nat Resources, Frederiksted, VI 00840 USA.
RP Cook, GM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM geoffrey_cook@fws.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's, National Undersea
Research Program (US Department of Commerce) [NA06RU0228, NA16RU1496];
Perry Institute for Marine Science, Caribbean Marine Research Center
[CMRC-03-NRTJ-01-04A]; Project AWARE Foundation; Explorers Club
Washington Group, Inc.; Microbiome Analysis Center at George Mason
University
FX This research was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's, National Undersea Research Program (US Department of
Commerce Award No. NA06RU0228 and No. NA16RU1496), the Perry Institute
for Marine Science, Caribbean Marine Research Center
(CMRC-03-NRTJ-01-04A), The Project AWARE Foundation, and The Explorers
Club Washington Group, Inc. The authors wish to express their gratitude
to the Microbiome Analysis Center at George Mason University for its
support as well as the laboratory of Dr. L. Richardson for providing
pure cultures of the WP1T pathogen. Three anonymous reviewers
and L. R. are also greatly thanked for providing valuable comments
during the preparation of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions
in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily
represent the views of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of
trade, product, website, or firm names in this publication is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4028
J9 CORAL REEFS
JI Coral Reefs
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 2
BP 375
EP 388
DI 10.1007/s00338-012-0989-6
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 139FR
UT WOS:000318567900007
ER
PT J
AU Kennedy, JR
Goodrich, DC
Unkrich, CL
AF Kennedy, Jeffrey R.
Goodrich, David C.
Unkrich, Carl L.
TI Using the KINEROS2 Modeling Framework to Evaluate the Increase in Storm
Runoff from Residential Development in a Semiarid Environment
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Storm-water management; Runoff; Infiltration; Hydrologic models
ID TENSION INFILTROMETER; INFILTRATION-RATE; CATCHMENT; PATTERNS; SCALE;
BASIN; WATER
AB The increase in runoff from urbanization is well known; one extreme example comes from a 13-ha residential neighborhood in southeast Arizona where runoff was 26 times greater than in an adjacent grassland watershed over a 40-month period from 2005 to 2008. Rainfall-runoff modeling using the newly described KINEROS2 urban element, which simulates a contiguous row of houses and the adjoining street as a series of pervious and impervious overland flow planes, combined with tension infiltrometer measurements of saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-s), indicate that 17 +/- 14% of this increase in runoff is due to a 53% decrease in K-s in constructed pervious areas as compared to the undeveloped grassland. K-s in the urban watershed identified from calibrating the rainfall-runoff model to measured runoff is higher than measured K-s but much lower than indicated by a soil texture-based KINEROS2 parameter look-up table. Tests using different levels of discretization found that watershed geometry could be represented in a simplified manner, although more detailed discretization led to better model performance. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000655. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Kennedy, Jeffrey R.] USGS, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Goodrich, David C.; Unkrich, Carl L.] ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Kennedy, JR (reprint author), USGS, 520 N Pk Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM jkennedy@usgs.gov
FU Upper San Pedro Partnership
FX This study was supported by the Upper San Pedro Partnership, a
consortium of public and private entities working to achieve sustainable
groundwater yield in the Upper San Pedro basin. Tobias Finke and Jessica
Kashian helped with infiltrometer measurements and laboratory
particle-size analysis. Field offices of the USGS Arizona Water Science
Center and the USDA-ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center collected
rainfall, soil-moisture, and runoff data. Suggestions from journal
reviewers considerably improved the manuscript. The Monte Carlo Analysis
Toolbox by Thorsten Wagener was helpful in evaluating model performance.
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PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1084-0699
J9 J HYDROL ENG
JI J. Hydrol. Eng.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 18
IS 6
BP 698
EP 706
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000655
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 139GQ
UT WOS:000318570400008
ER
PT J
AU Dhakal, N
Fang, X
Asquith, WH
Cleveland, TG
Thompson, DB
AF Dhakal, Nirajan
Fang, Xing
Asquith, William H.
Cleveland, Theodore G.
Thompson, David B.
TI Return Period Adjustment for Runoff Coefficients Based on Analysis in
Undeveloped Texas Watersheds
SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Peak discharge; Rational method; Return period; Runoff coefficient
ID TIME
AB The rational method for peak discharge (Q(p)) estimation was introduced in the 1880s. The runoff coefficient (C) is a key parameter for the rational method that has an implicit meaning of rate proportionality, and the C has been declared a function of the annual return period by various researchers. Rate-based runoff coefficients as a function of the return period, C(T), were determined for 36 undeveloped watersheds in Texas using peak discharge frequency from previously published regional regression equations and rainfall intensity frequency for return periods T of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. The C(T) values and return period adjustments C(T)/C(T = 10 year) determined in this study are most applicable to undeveloped watersheds. The return period adjustments determined for the Texas watersheds in this study and those extracted from prior studies of non-Texas data exceed values from well-known literature such as design manuals and textbooks. Most importantly, the return period adjustments exceed values currently recognized in Texas Department of Transportation design guidance when T > 10 years. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Dhakal, Nirajan] Univ Maine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Dhakal, Nirajan; Fang, Xing] Auburn Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Asquith, William H.] Texas Tech Univ, USGS, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Cleveland, Theodore G.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Thompson, David B.] RO Anderson Engn Inc, Minden, NV 89423 USA.
RP Fang, X (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM nzd0004@tigermail.auburn.edu; xing.fang@auburn.edu; wasquith@usgs.gov;
theodore.cleveland@ttu.edu; dthompson@roanderson.com
RI Dhakal, Nirajan/H-2984-2015
FU TxDOT [0-6070, 0-4696, 0-4193, 0-4194]
FX The authors thank TxDOT project director Mr. Chuck Stead, P.E., and
project monitoring advisor members for their guidance and assistance.
This study was partially supported by TxDOT Research Projects 0-6070,
0-4696, 0-4193, and 0-4194.
NR 29
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Z9 3
U1 0
U2 17
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9437
J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE
JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 6
BP 476
EP 482
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000571
PG 7
WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources
GA 139GU
UT WOS:000318570800005
ER
PT J
AU Bagstad, KJ
Johnson, GW
Voigt, B
Villa, F
AF Bagstad, Kenneth J.
Johnson, Gary W.
Voigt, Brian
Villa, Ferdinando
TI Spatial dynamics of ecosystem service flows: A comprehensive approach to
quantifying actual services
SO ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecosystem services; Spatial flows; Beneficiaries Service Path
Attribution Network (SPAN); Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem
Services (ARIES)
AB Recent ecosystem services research has highlighted the importance of spatial connectivity between ecosystems and their beneficiaries. Despite this need, a systematic approach to ecosystem service flow quantification has not yet emerged. In this article, we present such an approach, which we formalize as a class of agent-based models termed "Service Path Attribution Networks" (SPANs). These models, developed as part of the Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services (ARIES) project, expand on ecosystem services classification terminology introduced by other authors. Conceptual elements needed to support flow modeling include a service's rivalness, its flow routing type (e.g., through hydrologic or transportation networks, lines of sight, or other approaches), and whether the benefit is supplied by an ecosystem's provision of a beneficial flow to people or by absorption of a detrimental flow before it reaches them. We describe our implementation of the SPAN framework for five ecosystem services and discuss how to generalize the approach to additional services. SPAN model outputs include maps of ecosystem service provision, use, depletion, and flows under theoretical, possible, actual, inaccessible, and blocked conditions. We highlight how these different ecosystem service flow maps could be used to support various types of decision making for conservation and resource management planning. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bagstad, Kenneth J.] US Geol Survey, Rocky Mt Geog Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Johnson, Gary W.; Voigt, Brian] Univ Vermont, Gund Inst Ecol Econ, Burlington, VT USA.
RP Bagstad, KJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Rocky Mt Geog Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM kjbagstad@usgs.gov
OI Johnson, Gary/0000-0001-8609-9256; Villa, Ferdinando/0000-0002-5114-3007
FU USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral Research Program; US National Science
Foundation [9982938]; UNEP-WCMC
FX Partial support for this paper was provided by the USGS Mendenhall
Postdoctoral Research Program and Grant no. 9982938 from the US National
Science Foundation. An initial marine component was funded by UNEP-WCMC.
We thank the ARIES partner organizations, Conservation International
(CI) and Earth Economics (EE) and the many collaborators at case study
locations for support, data and knowledge sharing, and contributing to
improving the understanding of regional ecosystem service dynamics. We
thank Jay Diffendorfer and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments
on an earlier draft of this manuscript.
NR 29
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U1 26
U2 57
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2212-0416
J9 ECOSYST SERV
JI Ecosyst. Serv.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
SI SI
BP 117
EP 125
DI 10.1016/j.ecoser.2012.07.012
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V41BC
UT WOS:000209520700013
ER
PT J
AU Jayanthi, H
Husak, GJ
Funk, C
Magadzire, T
Chavula, A
Verdin, JP
AF Jayanthi, Harikishan
Husak, Gregory J.
Funk, Chris
Magadzire, Tamuka
Chavula, Adams
Verdin, James P.
TI Modeling rain-fed maize vulnerability to droughts using the standardized
precipitation index from satellite estimated rainfall-Southern Malawi
case study
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Crop yield; Drought early warning; Evapotranspiration; Satellite RFE 2;
Standardized precipitation index; Vulnerability modeling
AB During 19905, disaster risk reduction emerged as a novel, proactive approach to managing risks from natural hazards. The World Bank, USAID, and other international donor agencies began making efforts to mainstream disaster risk reduction in countries whose population and economies were heavily dependent on rain-fed agriculture. This approach has more significance in light of the increasing climatic hazard patterns and the climate scenarios projected for different hazard prone countries in the world. The Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWS NET) has been monitoring the food security issues in the sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and in Haiti. FEWS NET monitors the rainfall and moisture availability conditions with the help of NOAA RFE2 data for deriving food security status in Africa. This paper highlights the efforts in using satellite estimated rainfall inputs to develop drought vulnerability models in the drought prone areas in Malawi. The satellite RFE2 based SPI corresponding to the critical tasseling and silking phases (in the months of January, February, and March) were statistically regressed with drought-induced yield losses at the district level. The analysis has shown that the drought conditions in February and early March lead to most damage to maize yields in this region. The district-wise vulnerabilities to drought were upscaled to obtain a regional maize vulnerability model for southern Malawi. The results would help in establishing an early monitoring mechanism for drought impact assessment, give the decision makers additional time to assess seasonal outcomes, and identify potential food-related hazards in Malawi. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jayanthi, Harikishan; Husak, Gregory J.; Funk, Chris] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Climate Hazards Grp, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Funk, Chris] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, US Geol Survey, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Magadzire, Tamuka] SADC FANR, FEWS NET Reg Scientist, Gaborone, Botswana.
[Chavula, Adams] Dept Climate Change & Meteorol Serv, Blantyre, Malawi.
[Verdin, James P.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Earth Resources Observat Sci, Rapid City, SD 57198 USA.
RP Jayanthi, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Climate Hazards Grp, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM harikishanj@gmail.com
NR 34
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Z9 9
U1 6
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2212-4209
J9 INT J DISAST RISK RE
JI Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 4
BP 71
EP 81
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA V39SR
UT WOS:000209431200010
ER
PT J
AU Siegal-Willott, JL
Harr, KE
Hall, JO
Hayek, LAC
Auil-Gomez, N
Powell, JA
Bonde, RK
Heard, D
AF Siegal-Willott, Jessica L.
Harr, Kendal E.
Hall, Jeffery O.
Hayek, Lee-Ann C.
Auil-Gomez, Nicole
Powell, James A.
Bonde, Robert K.
Heard, Darryl
TI BLOOD MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS IN MANATEES (TRICHECHUS MANATUS LATIROSTRIS
AND TRICHECHUS MANATUS MANATUS)
SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Blood; manatee; mineral; serum; Trichechus manatus
ID DUGONG DUGONG-DUGON; BASE-LINE LEVELS; TRACE-METALS; CONTAMINANT
CONCENTRATIONS; FLORIDA MANATEE; MARINE MAMMALS; LIVER-TISSUE;
FRESH-WATER; SEDIMENTS; ORGANOCHLORINE
AB Limited information is available regarding the role of minerals and heavy metals in the morbidity and mortality of manatees. Whole-blood and serum mineral concentrations were evaluated in apparently healthy, free-ranging Florida (Trichechus manatus latirostris, n = 31) and Belize (Trichechus manatus manatus, n 14) manatees. Toxicologic statuses of the animals and of their environment had not been previously determined. Mean mineral whole-blood (WB) and serum values in Florida (FL) and Belize (BZ) manatees were determined, and evaluated for differences with respect to geographic location, relative age, and sex. Mean WB and serum silver, boron, cobalt, magnesium, molybdenum, and WB cadmium concentrations were significantly higher in BZ versus FL manatees (P <= 0.05). Mean WB aluminum, calcium, manganese, sodium, phosphorus, vanadium, and serum zinc concentrations were significantly lower in BZ versus FL manatees. Adult manatees had significant and higher mean WB aluminum, manganese, sodium, antimony, vanadium, and serum manganese and zinc concentrations compared to juvenile animals. Significant and lower mean WB and serum silver, boron, cobalt, and serum copper and strontium concentrations were present in adults compared to juveniles (P <= 0.05). Females had significant and higher mean WB nickel and serum barium compared to males (P <= 0.05). Mean WB arsenic and zinc, and mean serum iron, magnesium, and zinc concentrations fell within toxic ranges reported for domestic species. Results reveal manatee blood mineral concentrations differ with location, age, and sex. Influence from diet, sediment, water, and anthropogenic sources on manatee mineral concentration warrant further investigation.
C1 [Siegal-Willott, Jessica L.; Harr, Kendal E.; Heard, Darryl] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Hall, Jeffery O.] Utah State Univ, Utah Vet Diagnost Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA.
[Hayek, Lee-Ann C.] Smithsonian Inst, NHB MRC 121, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Auil-Gomez, Nicole] Wildlife Trust, Belize City, Belize.
[Bonde, Robert K.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Powell, James A.] Sea Shore Alliance, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Siegal-Willott, JL (reprint author), Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Dept Anim Hlth, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
EM jess_sw24@hotmail.com
OI Harr, Kendal/0000-0001-5390-3586; Bonde, Robert/0000-0001-9179-4376
FU Zoological Medicine Department at the College of Veterinary Medicine,
University of Florida; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [MA79172-4]
FX The authors thank Dr. Adrienne Atkins, James Reid, Andy Garrett, and the
expert research teams in Belize and Florida for their help in manatee
capture, handling, and data collection. The authors also thank the
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission for assistance in the
field and the Zoological Medicine Department at the College of
Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, for financial assistance.
Lastly, the authors thank Dr. Karen Bischoff at Cornell University
Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Dr. David Crewz for consultation on
this project. This work was conducted under U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service research permit MA79172-4 issued to the U.S. Geological Survey
Sirenia Project. All sampling was conducted in accordance with IACUC
standards and samples imported under valid CITES permits. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 37
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U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS
PI YULEE
PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA
SN 1042-7260
EI 1937-2825
J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED
JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 44
IS 2
BP 285
EP 294
DI 10.1638/2012-0093R
PG 10
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AM1PS
UT WOS:000339620500007
PM 23805546
ER
PT J
AU Brand, LA
Dixon, MD
Fetz, T
Stromberg, JC
Stewart, S
Garber, G
Goodrich, DC
Brookshire, DS
Broadbent, CD
Benedict, K
AF Brand, L. Arriana
Dixon, Mark D.
Fetz, Trevor
Stromberg, Juliet C.
Stewart, Steven
Garber, Gail
Goodrich, David C.
Brookshire, David S.
Broadbent, Craig D.
Benedict, Karl
TI PROJECTING AVIAN RESPONSES TO LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT ALONG THE MIDDLE RIO
GRANDE, NEW MEXICO
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB Most lowland rivers in the southwestern United States have been impounded, diverted, or dewatered. Lack of flooding due to river impoundments on the Middle Rio Grande has contributed to the spread of exotic vegetation such as Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) and saltcedar (Tamarix) associated with fuel loads of dense understory. Management has largely focused on thinning of understory vegetation to remove nonnative species and reduce fire risk, but it is unclear how these actions impact avian populations. Using distance-sampling methods, we quantified densities of five groups of birds (birds nesting in canopy, midstory, and understory; water-obligates; and spring migrants) across 12 types of vegetation spanning managed and nonmanaged stands. We used a space-for-time substitution model to estimate changes in abundance of birds from scenarios that applied four possible options for management at the landscape scale. One option, mechanical clearing of cottonwood understory, had severe detrimental impacts for abundances of the three nesting guilds and spring migrants when applied across the study area. A hand-thinning method to remove most exotics but retain native shrubs and the ground layer also negatively impacted birds nesting in understory but had positive or no effect on the other four groups of birds. Over the short term (5-10 years), not clearing would increase the proportion of native and nonnative understory and generally increase abundances of birds. With application of ''no management'' over a longer period (50-75 years), we assumed transition of most cottonwood (Populus deltoides var. wislizeii) stands to shrublands of Russian olive and projected that canopy-nesting birds would decrease but other groups would increase. A scenario of wetland restoration that converted 25% of open habitat to wetland increased abundances of understory-nesting birds slightly and water-obligate birds substantially. Our projections of changes in avian populations will help managers evaluate biological impacts of management being considered for the Middle Rio Grande.
C1 [Brand, L. Arriana; Stewart, Steven] Univ Arizona, SAHRA Ctr, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Dixon, Mark D.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA.
[Fetz, Trevor; Garber, Gail] Hawks Aloft Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87184 USA.
[Stromberg, Juliet C.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Goodrich, David C.] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Brookshire, David S.; Broadbent, Craig D.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Econ, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Benedict, Karl] Univ New Mexico, Earth Data Anal Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Brand, LA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis Field Stn, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM arriana_brand@usgs.gov
RI Dixon, Mark/F-2641-2011;
OI Dixon, Mark/0000-0002-0345-5655; Benedict, Karl/0000-0002-9109-2072
FU United States Army Corps of Engineers; United States Bureau of
Reclamation; SAHRA (Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian
Areas) under the Science and Technology Program of the National Science
Foundation [EAR-9876800]; United States Environmental Protection Agency
"Integrated Modeling and Ecological Valuation'' EPA STAR grant
[2003-STAR-G2]; Science Impact Laboratory for Policy and Economics based
at the University of New Mexico; United States Geological Survey; United
States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; Middle
Rio Grande Bosque Initiative Group through the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service
FX We thank the United States Army Corps of Engineers, Middle Rio Grande
Bosque Initiative Group through the United States Fish and Wildlife
Service, and the United States Bureau of Reclamation for funding the
collection of field data. Analysis and writing portions were supported
by SAHRA (Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas)
under the Science and Technology Program of the National Science
Foundation (Agreement No. EAR- 9876800), the United States Environmental
Protection Agency "Integrated Modeling and Ecological Valuation'' EPA
STAR grant Program # 2003-STAR-G2, the Science Impact Laboratory for
Policy and Economics based at the University of New Mexico, and the
United States Geological Survey in collaboration with the United States
Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service. We also thank
the governmental agencies and private individuals that provided access
to the study area and the field staff that collected data. J. Grandy, C.
S. Crawford, J. Thatcher, and O. Hummel provided comments and insights
pertaining to study design. We are grateful to G. D. Schnell, P. K.
Kennedy, S. P. Jones, J. Demers, and two anonymous reviewers for their
helpful comments that improvedthis manuscript. We are also grateful to
S. A. Rosenfeld and K. Ramirez for translating the abstract.
NR 41
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U1 3
U2 11
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 2
BP 150
EP 162
DI 10.1894/0038-4909-58.2.150
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V37ZD
UT WOS:000209312800002
ER
PT J
AU Esque, TC
Webb, RH
Wallace, CSA
van Riper, C
McCcreedy, C
Smythe, L
AF Esque, Todd C.
Webb, Robert H.
Wallace, Cynthia S. A.
van Riper, Charles, III
McCcreedy, Chris
Smythe, Lindsay
TI DESERT FIRES FUELED BY NATIVE ANNUAL FORBS: EFFECTS OF FIRE ON
COMMUNITIES OF PLANTS AND BIRDS IN THE LOWER SONORAN DESERT OF ARIZONA
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB In 2005, fire ignited by humans swept from Yuma Proving Grounds into Kofa National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, burning ca. 9,255 ha of Wilderness Area. Fuels were predominantly the native forb Plantago ovata. Large fires at low elevations were rare in the 19th and 20th centuries, and fires fueled by native vegetation are undocumented in the southwestern deserts. We estimated the area damaged by fire using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, which are more accurate and reduce subjectivity of aerial surveys of perimeters of fires. Assemblages of upland and xeroriparian plants lost 91 and 81% of live cover, respectively, in fires. The trees Olneya tesota and Cercidium had high amounts of top-kill. King Valley was an important xeroriparian corridor for birds. Species richness of birds decreased significantly following the fire. Numbers of breeding birds were lower in burned areas of King Valley 3 years post-fire, compared to numbers in nearby but unburned Alamo Wash. Although birds function within a large geographic scale, the extent of this burn still influenced the relative abundance of local species of breeding birds. This suggests that breeding birds respond to conditions of localized burns and slow recovery of vegetation contributes to continued lower numbers of birds in the burned sites in King Valley.
C1 [Esque, Todd C.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
[Webb, Robert H.; Wallace, Cynthia S. A.] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[van Riper, Charles, III; McCcreedy, Chris] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[van Riper, Charles, III; McCcreedy, Chris] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Smythe, Lindsay] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Las Vegas, NV 89124 USA.
RP Esque, TC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 160 North Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
EM todd_esque@usgs.gov
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service; United States Geological Survey
Invasive Species Program
FX We thank D. Boyer, K. Drake, T. Draper, P. Griffiths, and J. Willand for
assistance in the field at Kofa National Wildlife Refuge and R. Inman
and K. Nolte for assistance with data reduction. J. S. Miller provided
the Spanish translation of our abstract. The manuscript benefited from
input from numerous anonymous reviewers. We acknowledge the assistance
of the Yuma Proving Ground, particularly V. Morrell, for providing
access to the study sites. Point Reyes Bird Observatory supported some
aspects of this study. This study was funded by the United States Fish
and Wildlife Service and the United States Geological Survey Invasive
Species Program. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the United States government.
NR 50
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U1 5
U2 8
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PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 2
BP 223
EP 233
DI 10.1894/0038-4909-58.2.223
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V37ZD
UT WOS:000209312800010
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, RH
Allan, NL
Stoops, SB
Garrett, GP
Kroll, CW
West, J
Deaton, R
AF Lewis, Richard H.
Allan, Nathan L.
Stoops, Stacy B.
Garrett, Gary P.
Kroll, Christopher W.
West, Janalyn
Deaton, Raelynn
TI STATUS OF THE ENDANGERED PECOS GAMBUSIA (GAMBUSIA NOBILIS) AND COMANCHE
SPRINGS PUPFISH (CYPRINODON ELEGANS) IN PHANTOM LAKE SPRING, TEXAS
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB The Pecos gambusia (Gambusia nobilis) and the Comanche Springs pupfish (Cyprinodon elegans) are federally listed as endangered, and they inhabit Phantom Lake Spring, the headwaters of the Balmorhea Springs Complex in western Texas. We censused both species to update their current status within Phantom Lake Spring, and we sought to determine whether the introduced largespring gambusia (G. geiseri) or any G. nobilis-G. geiseri hybrids were present in the spring.
C1 [Lewis, Richard H.; Stoops, Stacy B.; Kroll, Christopher W.; West, Janalyn; Deaton, Raelynn] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Biol, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA.
[Garrett, Gary P.] Heart Hill Fisheries Sci Ctr, Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Mt Home, TX 78058 USA.
[Allan, Nathan L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
RP Deaton, R (reprint author), St Edwards Univ, Dept Biol, 3001 South Congress Ave, Austin, TX 78740 USA.
EM paulad@stedwards.edu
NR 36
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U1 0
U2 2
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 2
BP 234
EP 238
DI 10.1894/0038-4909-58.2.234
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V37ZD
UT WOS:000209312800011
ER
PT J
AU Mattson, DJ
Arundel, TA
AF Mattson, David J.
Arundel, Terence A.
TI CONSUMPTION OF SEEDS OF SOUTHWESTERN WHITE PINE (PINUS STROBIFORMIS) BY
BLACK BEAR (URSUS AMERICANUS)
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB We report a discovery of black bears (Ursus americanus) consuming seeds of southwestern white pine (Pinus strobiformis) on north slopes of the San Francisco Peaks near Flagstaff, Arizona, in high-elevation, mixed-species conifer forest. In one instance, a bear had obtained seeds from cones excavated from a larder horde made by a red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). Consumption of seeds of southwestern white pine by bears had not been previously documented. This discovery adds to the number of species of pine used by bears for food as well as the geographic range within which the behavior occurs.
C1 [Mattson, David J.; Arundel, Terence A.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA.
RP Mattson, DJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA.
EM David_Mattson@usgs.gov
NR 15
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Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 2
BP 243
EP 245
DI 10.1894/0038-4909-58.2.243
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V37ZD
UT WOS:000209312800013
ER
PT J
AU Agha, M
Lovich, JE
Ennen, JR
Wilcox, E
AF Agha, Mickey
Lovich, Jeffrey E.
Ennen, Joshua R.
Wilcox, Ethan
TI NEST-GUARDING BY FEMALE AGASSIZ'S DESERT TORTOISE (GOPHERUS AGASSIZII)
AT A WIND-ENERGY FACILITY NEAR PALM SPRINGS, CALIFORNIA
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB We observed behavior consistent with nest-guarding in Agassiz's desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) at two nests in a large wind-energy-generation facility near Palm Springs, California, locally known as the Mesa Wind Farm. As researchers approached the nests, female desert tortoises moved to the entrance of their burrows and positioned themselves sideways, directly over their nests. One female stretched her limbs outward and wedged herself into the burrow (her plastron directly above the nest). Guarding of nests is rarely observed in Agassiz's desert tortoise but can occur as a result of attempted predation on eggs by Gila monsters (Heloderma suspectum) or in direct response to the perceived threat posed by researchers. This is the first report of nest-guarding for G. agassizii in the Sonoran Desert ecosystem of California.
C1 [Agha, Mickey; Lovich, Jeffrey E.; Ennen, Joshua R.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Lovich, Jeffrey E.] Univ Tennessee, TN SCORE, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Wilcox, Ethan] Univ Redlands, Redlands, CA 92374 USA.
RP Lovich, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, MS 9394, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov
OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831; Agha, Mickey/0000-0003-0961-8344
FU California Energy Commission-Public Interest Energy Research Program
[500-09-020]; California Desert District Office of the Bureau of Land
Management; Palm Springs-South Coast Field Office of the Bureau of Land
Management; Joshua Tree National Park
FX Our research was supported by the California Energy Commission-Public
Interest Energy Research Program (Contract No.: 500-09-020), California
Desert District Office of the Bureau of Land Management, the Palm
Springs-South Coast Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management, and
Joshua Tree National Park. Research was conducted under permits from the
United States Fish and Wildlife Service, California Department of Fish
and Game, and the Bureau of Land Management. We thank J. Trombley and C.
Drost for comments on an earlier draft and J. Flores for translation of
the abstract to Spanish. Special thanks are extended to A. Muth and the
Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center of the University of California,
Riverside, for providing accommodations during our research.
NR 41
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PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 2
BP 254
EP 257
DI 10.1894/0038-4909-58.2.254
PG 4
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V37ZD
UT WOS:000209312800018
ER
PT J
AU Hollenbeck, JP
Bate, LJ
Saab, VA
Lehmkuhl, JF
AF Hollenbeck, Jeff P.
Bate, Lisa J.
Saab, Victoria A.
Lehmkuhl, John F.
TI Snag Distributions in Relation to Human Access in Ponderosa Pine Forests
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE cavity-user; human access; ponderosa pine; road density; snag densities;
snag diameter distribution; wildlife habitat
AB Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests in western North America provide habitat for numerous cavity-using wildlife species that often select large-diameter snags for nesting and roosting. Yet large snags are often removed for their commercial and firewood values. Consequently we evaluated effects of human access on snag densities and diameter-class distributions at nine locations in ponderosa pine forests throughout the interior western United States. We found no relationship between small-diameter (23-50 cm diam breast ht [dbh]) snags and human access measures (i.e., road density, distance to nearest town, and topography). However, large-snag (>= 50 cm dbh) density was best predicted by road density, which suggested a decline, on average, of 0.7 large snags/ha for every km of road/km(2). Most locations had relatively high densities of small-diameter snags (< 23 cm dbh) and diminishing density as diameter class increased. Idaho and Colorado study locations had higher snag densities in the largest diameter classes compared with remaining locations. These locations experienced minimal commercial timber harvest, were situated far from towns, and had few or no roads. Persistence of large-diameter snags and adequate snag densities for wildlife requires consideration of human access characteristics at coarse spatial scales. Snag management guidelines may need to incorporate these measures and focus more on retention of large-diameter snags than minimum density targets. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Hollenbeck, Jeff P.; Saab, Victoria A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Bate, Lisa J.] Glacier Natl Pk, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA.
[Lehmkuhl, John F.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA.
RP Hollenbeck, JP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM jhollenbeck@usgs.gov
FU Joint Fire Science Program [01-1-3-25]; National Fire Plan [02.RMS.C.2,
01.PNW.C.2]; USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station;
Pacific Northwest Research Station; Pacific Northwest Region;
Intermountain Region
FX This study was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program (no. 01-1-3-25),
National Fire Plan (02.RMS.C.2 and 01.PNW.C.2), and the USDA Forest
Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Pacific Northwest Research
Station, and Intermountain and Pacific Northwest Regions. The Nature
Conservancy of Oregon and the Payette, Fremont-Winema,
Okanogan-Wenatchee, Helena, San Juan, Kaibab, Coconino,
Apache-Sitgreaves, and Gila National Forests also contributed to the
project. We thank W. Block and site managers at each location for
overseeing the data collection, including K. Woodruff, A. Markus, S.
Story, G. Vos, B. Dickson, S. Jentsch, and A. Garcia. A. Jacobs and M.
Wisdom provided thoughtful comments on the manuscript. R. King provided
guidance on statistical analyses. We are grateful to S. Vojta and many
other field assistants who worked long, hot days to collect the field
data.
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 37
IS 2
BP 256
EP 266
DI 10.1002/wsb.252
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V38HP
UT WOS:000209334800003
ER
PT J
AU Ciuzio, E
Hohman, WL
Martin, B
Smith, MD
Stephens, S
Strong, AM
VerCauteren, T
AF Ciuzio, Elizabeth
Hohman, William L.
Martin, Brian
Smith, Mark D.
Stephens, Scott
Strong, Allan M.
VerCauteren, Tammy
TI Opportunities and Challenges to Implementing Bird Conservation on
Private Lands
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE agriculture; bird conservation; Farm Bill; NRCS; private land; working
land
AB With > 70% of the United States held in private ownership, land-use decisions of landowners will ultimately dictate the future of bird conservation in North America. However, land-use objectives of landowners vary considerably and present opportunities and challenges for bird conservationists. Innovative strategies incorporating proactive approaches to address educational, financial, social, and economic needs of landowners are required to garner participation in conservation programs and practices to create or enhance bird habitat on privately owned working lands. Farm Bill conservation programs and practices provide unprecedented opportunities to facilitate bird conservation at regional and national scales and frequently serve as the primary vehicle for many non-governmental organizations to accomplish their bird conservation goals. We identify current challenges and opportunities for bird conservation on private lands and present 4 case studies whereby partnerships with federal agencies, mainly the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service, have proven successful in eliciting positive, measurable outcomes to bird conservation efforts on private lands spanning many North American physiographic regions. The future of bird conservation will increasingly rely upon the ability of federal agencies to prioritize and allocate additional resources to deliver bird conservation programs on private lands and a greater awareness by conservationists of the role of economics in the decision-making process of landowners. Published 2013.
C1 [Ciuzio, Elizabeth] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pleasantville, NJ 08232 USA.
[Hohman, William L.] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Ft Worth, TX 76115 USA.
[Martin, Brian] Nature Conservancy, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
[Smith, Mark D.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Stephens, Scott] Ducks Unlimited Canada, Natl Headquarters, Oak Hammock Marsh, Stonewall, MB ROC 2Z0, Canada.
[Strong, Allan M.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[VerCauteren, Tammy] Rocky Mt Bird Observ, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
RP Ciuzio, E (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 927 N Main St, Pleasantville, NJ 08232 USA.
EM astrong@uvm.edu
FU USDA-NIFA Managed Ecosystems Program [03-35101-13817]; Natural Resources
Conservation Service's Agricultural Wildlife Conservation Center
(Grassland Birds in Northeastern Haylands)
FX This article is the product of a symposium "Opportunities and Challenges
to Bird Conservation on Private Working Lands'' (Organizers: D. Hahn and
W.L. Hohman) conducted at the Fourth International Partners in Flight
Conference held in McAllen, Texas, 13-16 February 2008. We thank other
symposium participants (D. Hahn, M. Maslonek, T. Present, C. Rustay, and
T. Thompson) for thought-provoking discussions on private lands
conservation. Funding was provided by the USDA-NIFA Managed Ecosystems
Program (grant no. 03-35101-13817) and the Natural Resources
Conservation Service's Agricultural Wildlife Conservation Center
(Grassland Birds in Northeastern Haylands). Helpful reviews of the draft
manuscript were provided by S. Brady, C. Kowaleski, T. Present, T. Rich,
S. Riffell, and C. Rustay. The authors do not have any interest or
relationship, financial or otherwise, that might be perceived as
influencing our objectivity surrounding the data and ideas presented in
this manuscript.
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PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 37
IS 2
BP 267
EP 277
DI 10.1002/wsb.266
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V38HP
UT WOS:000209334800004
ER
PT J
AU Turnbull, TT
Cain, JW
Roemer, GW
AF Turnbull, Trey T.
Cain, James W., III
Roemer, Gary W.
TI Anthropogenic Impacts to the Recovery of the Mexican Gray Wolf With a
Focus on Trapping-Related Incidents
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Canis lupus baileyi; injury; Mexican gray wolf; snares; trap; trap
injury; wolf
AB Concerns regarding the potential negative impacts of regulated furbearer trapping to reintroduced Mexican gray wolves (Canis lupus baileyi), led to an executive order prohibiting trapping in the New Mexico, USA, portion of the Blue Range Wolf Recovery Area. This ban was to last for 6 months and required an evaluation of the risk posed to wolves by traps and snares legally permitted in New Mexico. We reviewed potential threats to wolves in the Blue Range Wolf Recovery Area, including threats associated with regulated furbearer trapping. One hundred Mexican gray wolf mortalities have been documented during the reintroduction effort (1998-2011). Of those mortalities with a known cause, >81% were human-caused resulting from illegal shooting (n = 43), vehicle collisions (n = 14), lethal removal by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS; n = 12), non-project-related trapping (n = 2), project-related trapping (n = 1), and legal shooting by the public (n = 1). Ten wolves died due to unknown causes. The remaining 17 mortalities were a result of natural causes (e.g., starvation, disease). An additional 23 wolves were permanently, but non-lethally, removed from the wild by the USFWS. Of 13 trapping incidents in New Mexico that involved non-project trappers (i.e., trappers not associated with USFWS or U.S. Department of Agriculture-Wildlife Services), 7 incidents are known to have resulted in injuries to wolves: 2 wolves sustained injuries severe enough to result in leg amputations and 2 additional wolves died as a result of injuries sustained. Foothold traps with rubber-padded jaws and properly set snares may reduce trap-related injuries to Mexican gray wolves; however, impacts caused by trapping are overshadowed by other anthropogenic impacts (e.g., illegal shooting, non-lethal permanent removal, and vehicle collisions). (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Turnbull, Trey T.; Roemer, Gary W.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Cain, James W., III] New Mexico State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Turnbull, TT (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM jwcain@nmsu.edu
FU New Mexico Department of Game and Fish; New Mexico State University
Agricultural Experiment Station
FX New Mexico Department of Game and Fish and the New Mexico State
University Agricultural Experiment Station provided funding. We thank J.
Oakleaf of the USFWS and B. White of Association of Fish and Wildlife
Agencies for providing us with unpublished data. Reviews by T. L.
Hiller, M. J. Kauffman, P. R. Krausman, and an anonymous reviewer
improved an earlier draft of this manuscript. The use of trade names or
products does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 37
IS 2
BP 311
EP 318
DI 10.1002/wsb.247
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V38HP
UT WOS:000209334800010
ER
PT J
AU Brennan, A
Cross, PC
Ausband, DE
Barbknecht, A
Creel, S
AF Brennan, Angela
Cross, Paul C.
Ausband, David E.
Barbknecht, Andrea
Creel, Scott
TI Testing Automated Howling Devices in a Wintertime Wolf Survey
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE abundance; Canis lupus; distribution; Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem;
howling survey; noninvasive survey; snow-tracking; wolves; Wyoming
AB Previous tests of the automated acoustic device, referred to as a howlbox, effectively identified the presence of wolves (Canis lupus) during the summer, near rendezvous sites. Howlboxes are self-contained devices that broadcast simulated wolf howls and record howls made in response, and are of interest in remote locations to document the presence of dispersing wolves and new wolf packs. It is unclear whether the howlbox can also detect wolves during the winter when wolves are more mobile. We tested the howlbox's ability to detect wolves in an area with approximately 3 wolves/100 km(2) and overlapping pack territories in western Wyoming, USA, during January-May 2011. Howlboxes detected wolves in only 1.1% (n = 185, 95% CI = 0.1-3.8%) of the surveys, but we recorded wolf tracks within 50 m of howlboxes 14.8% (n = 54, 95% CI = 6.6-27.1%) of the time. Though howlboxes seldom recorded wolf howls, our findings suggest the possibility that howlboxes may attract wolves in areas with overlapping pack territories during the winter. (C) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Brennan, Angela] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Cross, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Missoula, MT 59715 USA.
[Ausband, David E.] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Barbknecht, Andrea] US Forest Serv, Cody, WY 82414 USA.
[Creel, Scott] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Brennan, A (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM angie_brennan@hotmail.com
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 37
IS 2
BP 389
EP 393
DI 10.1002/wsb.269
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V38HP
UT WOS:000209334800020
ER
PT J
AU Oyler-McCance, SJ
Fike, JA
Castoe, TA
Tomback, DF
Wunder, MB
Schaming, TD
AF Oyler-McCance, Sara J.
Fike, Jennifer A.
Castoe, Todd A.
Tomback, Diana F.
Wunder, Michael B.
Schaming, Taza D.
TI Development and characterization of thirteen microsatellite loci in
Clark's nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Clark's nutcracker; Microsatellites; Nucifraga columbiana; Pinus
albicaulis; Population genetics; Whitebark pine
ID PINES
AB Clark's nutcrackers are important seed dispersers for two widely-distributed western North American conifers, whitebark pine and limber pine, which are declining due to outbreaks of mountain pine beetle and white pine blister rust. Because nutcracker seed dispersal services are key to maintaining viable populations of these imperiled pines, knowledge of movement patterns of Clark's nutcrackers helps managers understand local extinction risks for these trees. To investigate population structure within Clark's nutcracker, we developed primers for and characterized 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci. In a screen of 22 individuals from one population, levels of variability ranged from 6 to 15 alleles. No loci were found to be linked, although 4 loci revealed significant departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and evidence of null alleles. These microsatellite loci will enable population genetic analyses of Clark's nutcrackers, which could provide insights into the spatial relationships between nutcrackers and the trees they help disperse.
C1 [Oyler-McCance, Sara J.; Fike, Jennifer A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Castoe, Todd A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
[Tomback, Diana F.; Wunder, Michael B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA.
[Schaming, Taza D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Oyler-McCance, SJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM sara_oyler-mccance@usgs.gov
FU College of Arts and Sciences Research Innovation Seed Program (CRISP),
University of Colorado Denver
FX This work was funded by a grant to DFT and MBW from the College of Arts
and Sciences Research Innovation Seed Program (CRISP), University of
Colorado Denver. We thank Alan Kamil (University of Nebraska), Russell
Balda, and Russell Benford (Northern Arizona University) for the Clark's
Nutcracker specimen. The use of any trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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U2 35
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 2
BP 303
EP 305
DI 10.1007/s12686-012-9789-0
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 135MU
UT WOS:000318293100001
ER
PT J
AU Sonsthagen, SA
Sage, GK
Fowler, M
Hope, AG
Cook, JA
Talbot, SL
AF Sonsthagen, S. A.
Sage, G. K.
Fowler, M.
Hope, A. G.
Cook, J. A.
Talbot, S. L.
TI Development and characterization of 21 polymorphic microsatellite
markers for the barren-ground shrew, Sorex ugyunak (Mammalia: Sorcidae),
through next-generation sequencing, and cross-species amplification in
the masked shrew, S. cinereus
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Microsatellite markers; Next generation sequencing; Population genetics;
Sorex cinereus; Sorex ugyunak
ID DIVERSIFICATION; POPULATION; CLIMATE; LOCI
AB We used next generation shotgun sequencing to develop 21 novel microsatellite markers for the barren-ground shrew (Sorex ugyunak), which were polymorphic among individuals from northern Alaska. The loci displayed moderate allelic diversity (averaging 6.81 alleles per locus) and heterozygosity (averaging 70 %). Two loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) due to heterozygote deficiency. While the population did not deviate from HWE overall, it showed significant linkage disequilibrium suggesting this population is not in mutation-drift equilibrium. Nineteen of 21 loci were polymorphic in masked shrews (S. cinereus) from interior Alaska and exhibited linkage equilibrium and HWE overall. All loci yielded sufficient variability for use in population studies.
C1 [Sonsthagen, S. A.; Sage, G. K.; Fowler, M.; Hope, A. G.; Talbot, S. L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Cook, J. A.] Univ New Mexico, Museum Southwestern Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Cook, J. A.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Sonsthagen, SA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM ssonsthagen@usgs.gov
OI Cook, Joseph/0000-0003-3985-0670
FU US Geological Survey Alaska Science Center Changing Arctic Ecosystem and
DOI on the Landscape initiatives; NSF [0415668]
FX Support was provided by the US Geological Survey Alaska Science Center
Changing Arctic Ecosystem and DOI on the Landscape initiatives, and NSF
0415668. The Museum of Southwestern Biology provided specimens. Mention
of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use.
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PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
EI 1877-7260
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 2
BP 315
EP 318
DI 10.1007/s12686-012-9792-5
PG 4
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 135MU
UT WOS:000318293100004
ER
PT J
AU Coykendall, DK
Morrison, CL
AF Coykendall, D. K.
Morrison, C. L.
TI Polymorphic microsatellite markers developed from 454 pyro-sequencing in
the cold water coral-associated squat lobster species, Eumunida picta
(Chirostylidae: Eumunididae)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Microsatellite; Eumunida picta; Squat lobster
ID DESIGN
AB Eighty-three putative microsatellite loci were screened from two 454 shotgun genomic libraries from Eumunida picta (Chirostylidae:Eumunididae), a species of squat lobster closely associated with cold-water coral reefs. Sixteen loci amplified consistently and nine proved sufficiently polymorphic and in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium in one or both sampling sites from Vioska Knoll 826 in the Gulf of Mexico and off of Cape Lookout, North Carolina. The average number of alleles per locus was 17.3 and observed heterozygosity ranged from 18.8-93.3 % with an average of 64.4 %. These genetic markers will be utilized to determine genetic connectivity among cold water coral reef communities of E. picta off the coast of the southern continental US and in the Gulf of Mexico. This will be the first attempt to examine E. picta population differentiation within and between fragmented reef habitats.
C1 [Coykendall, D. K.; Morrison, C. L.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
RP Coykendall, DK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM dcoykendall@usgs.gov
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SN 1877-7252
EI 1877-7260
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 2
BP 495
EP 498
DI 10.1007/s12686-012-9836-x
PG 4
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 135MU
UT WOS:000318293100048
ER
PT J
AU Adams, B
DeHaan, P
Tabor, R
Thompson, B
Hawkins, D
AF Adams, Brice
DeHaan, Patrick
Tabor, Roger
Thompson, Brad
Hawkins, Denise
TI Characterization of tetranucleotide microsatellite loci for Olympic
mudminnow (Novumbra hubbsi)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Olympic mudminnow; Microsatellites; Novumbra; Umbridae
AB We describe the isolation and amplification of 21 potential tetranucleotide microsatellites for the Olympic mudminnow (Novumbra hubbsi). After initial testing, eight microsatellites were removed from future analysis for non-resolvable electropherograms. The remaining 13 loci were screened against a total of 772 individuals from 12 populations. The thirteen polymorphic loci amplified between four and forty-eight alleles per locus with expected heterozygosities ranging from 0.41 to 0.95. These markers should aid in conservation and the description of population structure of this state sensitive species.
C1 [Adams, Brice; DeHaan, Patrick; Hawkins, Denise] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Program, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
[Tabor, Roger; Thompson, Brad] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Fisheries, Washington Fish & Wildlife Off, Lacey, WA 98503 USA.
RP Adams, B (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Program, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
EM brice_adams@fws.gov
FU USFWS Washington Fish and Wildlife Office
FX We thank Ken Jones at Genetic Identification Services for assistance in
the development of the loci. We thank John Wenburg and Jason Everett
from the Conservation Genetics Laboratory, in Anchorage, AK for the
Alaska blackfish samples. In addition, thanks to Andrew Simons and
Vinnie Hirt from the University of Minnesota Bell Museum, in St. Paul,
MN for the central mudminnow samples. Thanks also to Wayne Starnes and
Gabriela Hogue from the North Carolina State Museum of Natural History,
in Raleigh, NC for the eastern mudminnow samples. We would also like to
thank the following individuals for assisting with genetic sample
collection: Molly Hallock of WDFW; Teal Waterstrat Kira Mazzi, and Dan
Lantz of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); Pat Trotter; Hans Berg
of King County; Pat Crain of National Park Service; and John Trobaugh of
Washington Department of Natural Resources. Funding for this project was
provided by the USFWS Washington Fish and Wildlife Office. The findings
and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the USFWS.
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PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 5
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BP 573
EP 575
DI 10.1007/s12686-012-9855-7
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SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 135MU
UT WOS:000318293100067
ER
PT J
AU Ebel, BA
Nimmo, JR
AF Ebel, Brian A.
Nimmo, John R.
TI An Alternative Process Model of Preferential Contaminant Travel Times in
the Unsaturated Zone: Application to Rainier Mesa and Shoshone Mountain,
Nevada
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELING & ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Rainier mesa; Nevada Test Site; Radionuclide; Preferential flow;
Fracture; Model abstraction
ID SANDY VADOSE ZONE; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; SOUTHERN NEVADA; DEEP SUBSURFACE;
FRACTURED ROCKS; FLOW PROCESSES; LAYERED SOILS; WATER SEEPAGE;
TEST-SITE; INFILTRATION
AB Simulating contaminant transport in unsaturated zones with sparse hydraulic property information is a difficult, yet common, problem. When contaminant transport may occur via preferential flow, simple modeling approaches can provide predictions of interest, such as the first arrival of contaminant, with minimal site characterization. The conceptual model for unsaturated zone flow at Rainier Mesa and Shoshone Mountain, Nevada National Security Site, establishes the possibility of preferential flow through lithologies between potential radionuclide sources and the saturated zone. After identifying preferential flow as a possible contaminant transport process, we apply a simple model to estimate first arrival times for conservatively transported radionuclides to reach the saturated zone. Simulated preferential flow travel times at Rainier Mesa are tens to hundreds of years for non-ponded water sources and 1 to 2 months for continuously ponded water sources; first arrival times are approximately twice as long at Shoshone Mountain. These first arrival time results should then be viewed as a worst-case scenario but not necessarily as a timescale for a groundwater-contamination hazard, because concentrations may be very low. The alternative approach demonstrated here for estimating travel times can be useful in situations where predictions are needed by managers for the fastest arrival of contaminants, yet budgetary or time constraints preclude more rigorous analysis, and when additional model estimates are needed for comparison (i.e., model abstraction).
C1 [Ebel, Brian A.; Nimmo, John R.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Ebel, Brian A.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Ebel, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St Ste E-127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM brian.ebel@colorado.edu
OI Ebel, Brian/0000-0002-5413-3963
FU US Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration,
Nevada Site Office [DE-AI52-07NV28100]
FX The presentation here benefitted from comments from Joe Fenelon, Randy
Laczniak, Paul Hsieh, Don Sweetkind, Ben Mirus, and 11 anonymous
reviewers. Prepared in cooperation with the US Department of Energy,
National Nuclear Security Administration, Nevada Site Office, under
Interagency Agreement DE-AI52-07NV28100.
NR 106
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U1 0
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1420-2026
J9 ENVIRON MODEL ASSESS
JI Environ. Model. Assess.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 18
IS 3
BP 345
EP 363
DI 10.1007/s10666-012-9349-8
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 135HF
UT WOS:000318278500008
ER
PT J
AU Dyer, JJ
Brewer, SK
Worthington, TA
Bergey, EA
AF Dyer, Joseph J.
Brewer, Shannon K.
Worthington, Thomas A.
Bergey, Elizabeth A.
TI The influence of coarse-scale environmental features on current and
predicted future distributions of narrow-range endemic crayfish
populations
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE climate change; crayfish; distribution model; endemism; MaxEnt
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; FRESH-WATER FISH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HABITAT
ASSOCIATION; CONSERVATION STATUS; NORTH-AMERICA; SAMPLE-SIZE; STREAM;
ASSEMBLAGES; ECOSYSTEMS
AB 1.A major limitation to effective management of narrow-range crayfish populations is the paucity of information on the spatial distribution of crayfish species and a general understanding of the interacting environmental variables that drive current and future potential distributional patterns. 2.Maximum Entropy Species Distribution Modeling Software (MaxEnt) was used to predict the current and future potential distributions of four endemic crayfish species in the Ouachita Mountains. Current distributions were modelled using climate, geology, soils, land use, landform and flow variables thought to be important to lotic crayfish. Potential changes in the distribution were forecast by using models trained on current conditions and projecting onto the landscape predicted under climate-change scenarios. 3.The modelled distribution of the four species closely resembled the perceived distribution of each species but also predicted populations in streams and catchments where they had not previously been collected. Soils, elevation and winter precipitation and temperature most strongly related to current distributions and represented 6587% of the predictive power of the models. Model accuracy was high for all models, and model predictions of new populations were verified through additional field sampling. 4.Current models created using two spatial resolutions (1 and 4.5km2) showed that fine-resolution data more accurately represented current distributions. For three of the four species, the 1-km2 resolution models resulted in more conservative predictions. However, the modelled distributional extent of Orconectes leptogonopodus was similar regardless of data resolution. Field validations indicated 1-km2 resolution models were more accurate than 4.5-km2 resolution models. 5.Future projected (4.5-km2 resolution models) model distributions indicated three of the four endemic species would have truncated ranges with low occurrence probabilities under the low-emission scenario, whereas two of four species would be severely restricted in range under moderatehigh emissions. Discrepancies in the two emission scenarios probably relate to the exclusion of behavioural adaptations from species-distribution models. 6.These model predictions illustrate possible impacts of climate change on narrow-range endemic crayfish populations. The predictions do not account for biotic interactions, migration, local habitat conditions or species adaptation. However, we identified the constraining landscape features acting on these populations that provide a framework for addressing habitat needs at a fine scale and developing targeted and systematic monitoring programmes.
C1 [Dyer, Joseph J.; Worthington, Thomas A.] Oklahoma State Univ, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Brewer, Shannon K.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Bergey, Elizabeth A.] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Bergey, Elizabeth A.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Zool, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Brewer, SK (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM shannon.brewer@okstate.edu
RI Worthington, Thomas/N-5121-2015
OI Worthington, Thomas/0000-0002-8138-9075
FU Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation
FX This research is a contribution of the Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit (U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma Department of
Wildlife Conservation, Oklahoma State University, and Wildlife
Management Institute cooperating). Funding was provided by the Oklahoma
Department of Wildlife Conservation. We thank S. Jones and Arkansas Game
and Fish for providing presence locations. Any use of trade, firm or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. Special thanks to K. Kowal, J.
Mueller, J. Powers and J. Rowland for valuable field and data
assistance. This manuscript was improved by comments from Bob DiStefano
and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 105
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 7
U2 87
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 6
BP 1071
EP 1088
DI 10.1111/fwb.12109
PG 18
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 132CU
UT WOS:000318046300001
ER
PT J
AU Rogowski, DL
Sitko, S
Bonar, SA
AF Rogowski, David L.
Sitko, Suzanne
Bonar, Scott A.
TI Optimising control of invasive crayfish using life-history information
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE invasive crayfish; invasive species; life history; mechanical control;
Orconectes virilis
ID ORCONECTES-VIRILIS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; PARANEPHROPS-PLANIFRONS;
ONTARIO; TEMPERATURE; ERADICATION; PHOTOPERIOD; DECAPODA; RUSTICUS;
LAKES
AB Optimisation of control methods of invasive species using life-history information may increase probability that techniques will be effective at reducing impacts of nuisance species. The northern crayfish, Orconectes virilis, has negatively affected native flora and fauna throughout the world in areas where it is non-native. Yet, life history of invasive populations has rarely been studied. We investigated the life history of three introduced populations of O.virilis within Arizona streams using markrecapture methods and a laboratory investigation of reproduction to identify times and techniques to maximise effects of mechanical control. We show the most effective time to implement crayfish control efforts is in autumn during their mating season, prior to onset of colder temperatures, at which time the majority of O.virilis become inactive. To improve crayfish survival, recapture and population density estimates, we suggest a markrecapture programme using a robust sampling approach concentrated during spring and autumn. Identification of vulnerable points in the life history of nuisance species may aid in control efforts.
C1 [Rogowski, David L.; Bonar, Scott A.] Univ Arizona, USGS Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Sitko, Suzanne] Nature Conservancy, White Mt Program, Lakeside, AZ USA.
RP Rogowski, DL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, USGS Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM david.rogowski@ttu.edu
OI Rogowski, David L/0000-0003-0264-0223
FU Arizona Game and Fish Department Heritage Program [I06004]; University
of Arizona; U.S. Geological Survey
FX Funding for this project was provided by the Arizona Game and Fish
Department Heritage Program (Project Number I06004), the University of
Arizona and the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 63
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U1 4
U2 53
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 6
BP 1279
EP 1291
DI 10.1111/fwb.12126
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 132CU
UT WOS:000318046300016
ER
PT J
AU Houseknecht, DW
Wartes, MA
AF Houseknecht, David W.
Wartes, Marwan A.
TI Clinoform deposition across a boundary between orogenic front and
foredeep an example from the Lower Cretaceous in Arctic Alaska
SO TERRA NOVA
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL BROOKS RANGE; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; SLOPE; BASIN
AB The Lower Cretaceous Fortress Mountain Formation occupies a spatial and temporal niche between syntectonic deposits at the Brooks Range orogenic front and post-tectonic strata in the Colville foreland basin. The formation includes basin-floor fan, marine-slope and fan-delta facies that define a clinoform depositional profile. Texture and composition of clasts in the formation suggest progressive burial of a tectonic wedge-front that included older turbidites and melange. These new interpretations, based entirely on outcrop study, suggest that the Fortress Mountain Formation spans the boundary between orogenic wedge and foredeep, with proximal strata onlapping the tectonic wedge-front and distal strata downlapping the floor of the foreland basin. Our reconstruction suggests that clinoform amplitude reflects the structural relief generated by tectonic wedge development and load-induced flexural subsidence of the foreland basin. Terra Nova, 25, 206-211, 2013
C1 [Houseknecht, David W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 956, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Wartes, Marwan A.] Alaska Div Geol & Geophys Surveys, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
RP Houseknecht, DW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 956, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM dhouse@usgs.gov
OI Wartes, Marwan/0000-0002-0194-9256
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0954-4879
J9 TERRA NOVA
JI Terr. Nova
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 3
BP 206
EP 211
DI 10.1111/ter.12024
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 132SZ
UT WOS:000318090300005
ER
PT J
AU Lapointe, NWR
Odenkirk, JS
Angermeier, PL
AF Lapointe, N. W. R.
Odenkirk, J. S.
Angermeier, P. L.
TI Seasonal movement, dispersal, and home range of Northern Snakehead
Channa argus (Actinopterygii, Perciformes) in the Potomac River
catchment
SO HYDROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Fish; Invasion; Nonnative; Telemetry; Size; Behaviour
ID FLATHEAD CATFISH; HABITAT USE; CHINESE SNAKEHEAD; CYPRINUS-CARPIO;
MANDARIN FISH; COMMON CARP; FRESH-WATER; PATTERNS; BEHAVIOR; AMERICA
AB Knowledge of the movement behaviour and dispersal ability of non-native species can aid in their management by informing risk assessments and the development of control strategies. To improve understanding of the seasonal movement and dispersal behaviour of Northern Snakehead (Channa argus), we implanted 49 fish in the Potomac River with radio tags and tracked movements from October 2006 to 2007. In addition, we tested the hypotheses that activity level, dispersal ability, and home range size varied with fish size. Home range was calculated for 24 fish. Of these, 19 exhibited stable home ranges averaging 1.2 km(2) in size. Thirteen fish (31% of survivors) dispersed an average distance of 18 km between 30 April and 7 June, mostly upstream (92%) and across the main river channel. Fish moved greater distances during the pre-spawn season compared to the spawning season. There was no relationship between fish length and any behavioural measure. Upstream dispersal was restricted by barriers such as dams; therefore, Northern Snakehead can likely disperse greater distances than observed here. Our observations demonstrate the invasiveness of Northern Snakehead by showing that a large portion of adults dispersed over considerable distances, suggesting spread may be rapid in large, open freshwater systems.
C1 [Lapointe, N. W. R.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Odenkirk, J. S.] Virginia Dept Game & Inland Fisheries, Fredericksburg, VA 22401 USA.
[Angermeier, P. L.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Lapointe, NWR (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, 1125 Colonel Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
EM nlapointe@gmail.com; john.odenkirk@dgif.virginia.gov; biota@vt.edu
FU USGS Invasive Species Program; Natural Science and Engineering Research
Council of Canada; U.S. Geological Survey; Virginia Polytechnic
Institute; State University, Virginia Department of Game and Inland
Fisheries, and Wildlife Management Institute
FX The authors thank Ryan Saylor for help in the field. Many others
provided help and advice, including Jeff Feaga, Andrew Gascho Landis,
Craig Harms, Scott Klopfer, Peter Laver, Steve Mikkinen, Brian Murphy,
and Steve Owens. We thank Lenee Pennington for providing map data
(VDGIF). This research was funded by a grant from the USGS Invasive
Species Program and by a Natural Science and Engineering Research
Council of Canada post-graduate fellowship. The VDGIF contributed time
and equipment, and Fort Belvoir provided boat storage and launching
facilities. The manuscript was greatly improved by comments from Ryan
Saylor, Scott Smith, and several anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade,
product or firm name does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
The unit is jointly supported by U.S. Geological Survey, Virginia
Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Department of Game
and Inland Fisheries, and Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 55
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U1 7
U2 78
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0018-8158
J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA
JI Hydrobiologia
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 709
IS 1
BP 73
EP 87
DI 10.1007/s10750-012-1437-x
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 126OX
UT WOS:000317628300006
ER
PT J
AU Conaway, CH
Storlazzi, CD
Draut, AE
Swarzenski, PW
AF Conaway, Christopher H.
Storlazzi, Curt D.
Draut, Amy E.
Swarzenski, Peter W.
TI Short-term variability of Be-7 atmospheric deposition and watershed
response in a Pacific coastal stream, Monterey Bay, California, USA
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Be-7 atmospheric deposition; Rainwater; Central California; River water;
Small mountainous rivers; Watersheds
ID SMALL MOUNTAINOUS RIVERS; SOIL-EROSION; FALLOUT RADIONUCLIDES; SEASONAL
VARIABILITY; SEDIMENT SOURCES; NEW-ZEALAND; PB-210; BERYLLIUM-7;
TRANSPORT; FLUXES
AB Beryllium-7 is a powerful and commonly used tracer for environmental processes such as watershed sediment provenance, soil erosion, fluvial and nearshore sediment cycling, and atmospheric fallout. However, few studies have quantified temporal or spatial variability of Be-7 accumulation from atmospheric fallout, and parameters that would better define the uses and limitations of this geochemical tracer. We investigated the abundance and variability of Be-7 in atmospheric deposition in both rain events and dry periods, and in stream surface-water samples collected over a ten-month interval at sites near northern Monterey Bay (37 degrees N, 122 degrees W) on the central California coast, a region characterized by a rainy winters, dry summers, and small mountainous streams with flashy hydrology. The range of Be-7 activity in rainwater samples from the main sampling site was 1.3-4.4 Bq L-1, with a mean (+/- standard deviation) of 2.2 +/- 0.9 Bq L-1, and a volume-weighted average of 2.0 Bq L-1. The range of wet atmospheric deposition was 18-188 Bq m(-2) per rain event, with a mean of 72 +/- 53 Bq m(-2). Dry deposition fluxes of Be-7 ranged from less than 0.01 up to 0.45 Bq m(-2) d(-1), with an estimated dry season deposition of 7 Bq m(-2) month(-1). Annualized Be-7 atmospheric deposition was approximately 1900 Bq m(-2) yr(-1), with most deposition via rainwater (>95%) and little via dry deposition. Overall, these activities and deposition fluxes are similar to values found in other coastal locations with comparable latitude and Mediterranean-type climate. Particulate Be-7 values in the surface water of the San Lorenzo River in Santa Cruz, California, ranged from <0.01 Bq g(-1) to 0.6 Bq g(-1), with a median activity of 0.26 Bq g(-1). A large storm event in January 2010 characterized by prolonged flooding resulted in the entrainment of Be-7-depleted sediment, presumably from substantial erosion in the watershed. There were too few particulate Be-7 data over the storm to accurately model a Be-7 load, but the results suggest enhanced watershed export of Be-7 from small, mountainous river systems compared to other watershed types. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Conaway, Christopher H.; Storlazzi, Curt D.; Draut, Amy E.; Swarzenski, Peter W.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Conaway, Christopher H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Conaway, CH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd MS427, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM cconaway@usgs.gov
OI East, Amy/0000-0002-9567-9460; Storlazzi, Curt/0000-0001-8057-4490
FU USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral Research Fellowship
FX Funding was provided by the USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral Research
Fellowship to C.H. Conaway. ICP-MS measurements were performed at the
UCSC Institute of Marine Sciences Marine Analytical Laboratory with the
assistance of Rob Franks. Preparation of acid-cleaned equipment and wet
chemistry procedures were performed in Professor A.R. Flegal's
laboratory at UCSC. Access to the UCSC rooftop was provided by Jim
Velzy. Sampling and other analytical assistance was provided by Kingsley
Odigie, Leticia Diaz, Peter Weiss-Penzias, Daryl McGinnis, and Ken
Bencala. San Lorenzo River sampling assistance was provided by personnel
from the U.S. Geological Survey's Pacific Coastal and Marine Science
Center, including Jackson Currie, Peter Harkins, Cordell Johnson, and
Andy Ritchie. Comments on the manuscript were graciously provided by M.
Baskaran, C.C. Fuller, Christopher G. Smith, Shun-ichi Hisamatsu, and
two anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 61
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U1 1
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0265-931X
J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV
JI J. Environ. Radioact.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 120
BP 94
EP 103
DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.02.004
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 124DY
UT WOS:000317445200013
PM 23474944
ER
PT J
AU Schoolmaster, DR
Grace, JB
Schweiger, EW
Mitchell, BR
Guntenspergen, GR
AF Schoolmaster, Donald R., Jr.
Grace, James B.
Schweiger, E. William
Mitchell, Brian R.
Guntenspergen, Glenn R.
TI A causal examination of the effects of confounding factors on
multimetric indices
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Multimetric index; Metric adjustment; Causal networks; Biological
integrity; Bioassessment; Human disturbance; Environmental covariates
ID BIOTIC INTEGRITY; STREAMS; PRODUCTIVITY; PERFORMANCE; COMMUNITIES;
SCALE; LAKES
AB The development of multimetric indices (MMIs) as a means of providing integrative measures of ecosystem condition is becoming widespread. An increasingly recognized problem for the interpretability of MMIs is controlling for the potentially confounding influences of environmental covariates. Most common approaches to handling covariates are based on simple notions of statistical control, leaving the causal implications of covariates and their adjustment unstated. In this paper, we use graphical models to examine some of the potential impacts of environmental covariates on the observed signals between human disturbance and potential response metrics. Using simulations based on various causal networks, we show how environmental covariates can both obscure and exaggerate the effects of human disturbance on individual metrics. We then examine from a causal interpretation standpoint the common practice of adjusting ecological metrics for environmental influences using only the set of sites deemed to be in reference condition. We present and examine the performance of an alternative approach to metric adjustment that uses the whole set of sites and models both environmental and human disturbance effects simultaneously. The findings from our analyses indicate that failing to model and adjust metrics can result in a systematic bias towards those metrics in which environmental covariates function to artificially strengthen the metric-disturbance relationship resulting in MMIs that do not accurately measure impacts of human disturbance. We also find that a "whole-set modeling approach" requires fewer assumptions and is more efficient with the given information than the more commonly applied "reference-set" approach. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetland Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Schweiger, E. William] Natl Pk Serv, Rocky Mt Network, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Mitchell, Brian R.] Natl Pk Serv, Northeast Temperate Network, Woodstock, VT 05091 USA.
[Guntenspergen, Glenn R.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20707 USA.
EM schoolmasterd@usgs.gov
OI Schoolmaster, Donald/0000-0003-0910-4458
NR 33
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 29
BP 411
EP 419
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.01.015
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 112GM
UT WOS:000316580700040
ER
PT J
AU Finley, AO
Banerjee, S
Cook, BD
Bradford, JB
AF Finley, Andrew O.
Banerjee, Sudipto
Cook, Bruce D.
Bradford, John B.
TI Hierarchical Bayesian spatial models for predicting multiple forest
variables using waveform LiDAR, hyperspectral imagery, and large
inventory datasets
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
LA English
DT Article
DE LiDAR; Hyperspectral; Bayesian hierarchical spatial models; Gaussian
Predictive process; Forestry
ID DATA SETS; LIKELIHOOD
AB In this paper we detail a multivariate spatial regression model that couples LiDAR, hyperspectral and forest inventory data to predict forest outcome variables at a high spatial resolution. The proposed model is used to analyze forest inventory data collected on the US Forest Service Penobscot Experimental Forest (PEF), ME, USA. In addition to helping meet the regression model's assumptions, results from the PEF analysis suggest that the addition of multivariate spatial random effects improves model fit and predictive ability, compared with two commonly applied modeling approaches. This improvement results from explicitly modeling the covariation among forest outcome variables and spatial dependence among observations through the random effects. Direct application of such multivariate models to even moderately large datasets is often computationally infeasible because of cubic order matrix algorithms involved in estimation. We apply a spatial dimension reduction technique to help overcome this computational hurdle without sacrificing richness in modeling. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Finley, Andrew O.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Finley, Andrew O.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Banerjee, Sudipto] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Cook, Bruce D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Finley, AO (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM finleya@msu.edu
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011; Cook, Bruce/M-4828-2013; Beckley,
Matthew/D-4547-2013
OI Cook, Bruce/0000-0002-8528-000X;
FU USDA Forest Service; Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program;
Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team; National Science Foundation
(NSF) [EF-1137309]; USDA/NASA grant [10-JV-11242307037]; U.S. Forest
Service; [NSF-DMS-1106609]
FX The work of the first author was supported by the USDA Forest Service,
Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program, Forest Health Technology
Enterprise Team, and National Science Foundation (NSF) grant EF-1137309.
The first and second authors were supported by the grant
NSF-DMS-1106609. The first and fourth authors were supported by
USDA/NASA grant 10-JV-11242307-037.; Data for this study were provided
by a unit of the Northern Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, located
at the Penobscot Experimental Forest in Maine. Significant funding for
collection of these data was provided by the U.S. Forest Service. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 48
TC 6
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U1 2
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0303-2434
J9 INT J APPL EARTH OBS
JI Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 22
SI SI
BP 147
EP 160
DI 10.1016/j.jag.2012.04.007
PG 14
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA 111NU
UT WOS:000316528800015
ER
PT J
AU Schile, LM
Byrd, KB
Windham-Myers, L
Kelly, M
AF Schile, Lisa M.
Byrd, Kristin B.
Windham-Myers, Lisamarie
Kelly, Maggi
TI Accounting for non-photosynthetic vegetation in remote-sensing-based
estimates of carbon flux in wetlands
SO REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTRAL INDEXES; PRODUCTIVITY; EFFICIENCY; MARSH; DELTA
AB Monitoring productivity in coastal wetlands is important due to their high carbon sequestration rates and potential role in climate change mitigation. We tested agricultural- and forest-based methods for estimating the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (f APAR), a key parameter for modelling gross primary productivity (GPP), in a restored, managed wetland with a dense litter layer of non-photosynthetic vegetation, and we compared the difference in canopy light transmission between a tidally influenced wetland and the managed wetland. The presence of litter reduced correlations between spectral vegetation indices and f APAR. In the managed wetland, a two-band vegetation index incorporating simulated World View-2 or Hyperion green and near-infrared bands, collected with a field spectroradiometer, significantly correlated with f APAR only when measured above the litter layer, not at the ground where measurements typically occur. Measures of GPP in these systems are difficult to capture via remote sensing, and require an investment of sampling effort, practical methods for measuring green leaf area and accounting for background effects of litter and water.
C1 [Schile, Lisa M.; Kelly, Maggi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Byrd, Kristin B.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Windham-Myers, Lisamarie] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Kelly, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM maggi@berkeley.edu
OI Kelly, Nina Maggi/0000-0002-0198-2822
FU NASA [NNH10A086I]
FX This research was supported by K. Byrd's NASA New Investigator Program
in Earth Sciences Grant Number: NNH10A086I. We thank Susan Stitt and
Carol Mladinich for loan of the ASD field spectroradiometer. We thank
Samuel Blanchard, Sophie Kolding, Stefania Di Tommaso, Oliver Sonnentag
and Feng Zhao for field and logistical help. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 58
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 2150-704X
J9 REMOTE SENS LETT
JI Remote Sens. Lett.
PD JUN 1
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 6
BP 542
EP 551
DI 10.1080/2150704X.2013.766372
PG 10
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 105QO
UT WOS:000316087000003
ER
PT J
AU Hein, JR
Mizell, K
Koschinsky, A
Conrad, TA
AF Hein, James R.
Mizell, Kira
Koschinsky, Andrea
Conrad, Tracey A.
TI Deep-ocean mineral deposits as a source of critical metals for high- and
green-technology applications: Comparison with land-based resources
SO ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Deep-ocean mineral resources; Fe-Mn crusts and nodules; Rare metals;
Rare earth elements; Comparisons with land-based resources
ID RICH FERROMANGANESE CRUSTS; INDIAN-OCEAN; NODULES; PACIFIC; ELEMENTS;
BASIN; SEA; SEDIMENTS; MODEL
AB Ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts are strongly enriched relative to the Earth's lithosphere in many rare and critical metals, including Co, Te, Mo, Bi, Pt, W, Zr, Nb, Y, and rare-earth elements (REEs). Fe-Mn nodules are strongly enriched in Ni, Cu, Co, Mo, Zr, Li, Y, and REEs. Compared to Fe-Mn crusts, nodules are more enriched in Ni, Cu, and Li, with subequal amounts of Mo and crusts are more enriched in the other metals. The metal ions and complexes in seawater are sorbed onto the two major host phases, FeO(OH) with a positively charged surface and MnO2 with a negatively charged surface. Metals are also derived from diagenetically modified sediment pore fluids and incorporated into most nodules. Seafloor massive sulfides (SMS), especially those in arc and back-arc settings, can also be enriched in rare metals and metalloids, such as Cd, Ga, Ge, In, As, Sb, and Se. Metal grades for the elements of economic interest in SMS (Cu, Zn, Au, Ag) are much greater than those in land-based volcanogenic massive sulfides. However, their tonnage throughout the global ocean is poorly known and grade/tonnage comparisons with land-based deposits would be premature.
The Clarion-Clipperton Fe-Mn Nodule Zone (CCZ) in the NE Pacific and the prime Fe-Mn crust zone (PCZ) in the central Pacific are the areas of greatest economic interest for nodules and crusts and grades and tonnages for those areas are moderately well known. We compare the grades and tonnages of nodules and crusts in those two areas with the global terrestrial reserves and resources. Nodules in the CCZ have more Tl (6000 times), Mn, Te, Ni, Co, and Y than the entire global terrestrial reserve base for those metals. The CCZ nodules also contain significant amounts of Cu, Mo, W, Li, Nb, and rare earth oxides (REO) compared to the global land-based reserves. Fe-Mn crusts in the PCZ have significantly more TI (1700 times), Te (10 times more), Co, and Y than the entire terrestrial reserve base. Other metals of significance in the PCZ crusts relative to the total global land-based reserves are Bi, REO, Nb, and W. CCZ nodules and PCZ crusts are also compared with the two largest existing land-based REE mines, Bayan Obo in China and Mountain Pass in the USA. The land-based deposits are higher grade but lower tonnage deposits. Notably, both land-based deposits have <1% heavy REEs (HREEs), whereas the CCZ has 26% HREEs and the PCZ, 18% HREEs; the HREEs have a much greater economic value. Radioactive Th concentrations are appreciably higher in the land-based deposits than in either type of marine deposit. A discussion of the differences between terrestrial and marine impacts and mine characteristics is also presented, including the potential for rare metals and REEs in marine deposits to be recovered as byproducts of mining the main metals of economic interest in nodules and crusts. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hein, James R.; Mizell, Kira; Conrad, Tracey A.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Koschinsky, Andrea] Univ Bremen, D-28725 Bremen, Germany.
[Conrad, Tracey A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Hein, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM jhein@usgs.gov
RI Koschinsky, Andrea /R-2927-2016
OI Koschinsky, Andrea /0000-0002-9224-0663
NR 52
TC 62
Z9 64
U1 14
U2 214
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-1368
J9 ORE GEOL REV
JI Ore Geol. Rev.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 51
BP 1
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2012.12.001
PG 14
WC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 090YL
UT WOS:000315015800001
ER
PT J
AU Williams, RME
Grotzinger, JP
Dietrich, WE
Gupta, S
Sumner, DY
Wiens, RC
Mangold, N
Malin, MC
Edgett, KS
Maurice, S
Forni, O
Gasnault, O
Ollila, A
Newsom, HE
Dromart, G
Palucis, MC
Yingst, RA
Anderson, RB
Herkenhoff, KE
Le Mouelic, S
Goetz, W
Madsen, MB
Koefoed, A
Jensen, JK
Bridges, JC
Schwenzer, SP
Lewis, KW
Stack, KM
Rubin, D
Kah, LC
Bell, JF
Farmer, JD
Sullivan, R
Van Beek, T
Blaney, DL
Pariser, O
Deen, RG
AF Williams, R. M. E.
Grotzinger, J. P.
Dietrich, W. E.
Gupta, S.
Sumner, D. Y.
Wiens, R. C.
Mangold, N.
Malin, M. C.
Edgett, K. S.
Maurice, S.
Forni, O.
Gasnault, O.
Ollila, A.
Newsom, H. E.
Dromart, G.
Palucis, M. C.
Yingst, R. A.
Anderson, R. B.
Herkenhoff, K. E.
Le Mouelic, S.
Goetz, W.
Madsen, M. B.
Koefoed, A.
Jensen, J. K.
Bridges, J. C.
Schwenzer, S. P.
Lewis, K. W.
Stack, K. M.
Rubin, D.
Kah, L. C.
Bell, J. F., III
Farmer, J. D.
Sullivan, R.
Van Beek, T.
Blaney, D. L.
Pariser, O.
Deen, R. G.
CA MSL Sci Team
TI Martian Fluvial Conglomerates at Gale Crater
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMCAM INSTRUMENT SUITE; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; EARLY MARS; ROVER; SEDIMENT;
SYSTEM; WATER; UNIT
AB Observations by the Mars Science Laboratory Mast Camera (Mastcam) in Gale crater reveal isolated outcrops of cemented pebbles (2 to 40 millimeters in diameter) and sand grains with textures typical of fluvial sedimentary conglomerates. Rounded pebbles in the conglomerates indicate substantial fluvial abrasion. ChemCam emission spectra at one outcrop show a predominantly feldspathic composition, consistent with minimal aqueous alteration of sediments. Sediment was mobilized in ancient water flows that likely exceeded the threshold conditions (depth 0.03 to 0,9 meter, average velocity 0.20 to 0.75 meter per second) required to transport the pebbles. Climate conditions at the time sediment was transported must have differed substantially from the cold, hyper-arid modern environment to permit aqueous flows across several kilometers,
C1 [Williams, R. M. E.; Yingst, R. A.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Grotzinger, J. P.; Stack, K. M.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Dietrich, W. E.; Palucis, M. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Gupta, S.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Sumner, D. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Wiens, R. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Mangold, N.; Le Mouelic, S.] CNRS, LPGN, UMR6112, F-44322 Nantes, France.
[Mangold, N.; Le Mouelic, S.] Univ Nantes, F-44322 Nantes, France.
[Malin, M. C.; Edgett, K. S.; Van Beek, T.] Malin Space Sci Syst, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
[Maurice, S.; Forni, O.; Gasnault, O.] Univ Toulouse, CNRS, IRAP, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
[Ollila, A.; Newsom, H. E.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Dromart, G.] Univ Lyon, Lab Geol Lyon, F-69364 Lyon, France.
[Anderson, R. B.; Herkenhoff, K. E.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Goetz, W.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
[Madsen, M. B.; Koefoed, A.; Jensen, J. K.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Bridges, J. C.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Space Res Ctr, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Schwenzer, S. P.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
[Lewis, K. W.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Rubin, D.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Kah, L. C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Bell, J. F., III; Farmer, J. D.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Sullivan, R.] Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Blaney, D. L.; Pariser, O.; Deen, R. G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Williams, RME (reprint author), Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM williams@psi.edu
RI szopa, cyril/C-6865-2015; Harri, Ari-Matti/C-7142-2012; Zorzano,
Maria-Paz/F-2184-2015; Dworkin, Jason/C-9417-2012; Blanco, Juan
Jose/E-3627-2014; Ramos, Miguel/K-2230-2014; Gomez, Felipe/L-7315-2014;
Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose/L-8001-2014; Hayes, Alexander/P-2024-2014;
Gasnault, Olivier/F-4327-2010; Zorzano, Maria-Paz/C-5784-2015; Madsen,
Morten/D-2082-2011; Gonzalez, Rafael/D-1748-2009; Lemmon,
Mark/E-9983-2010; Balic-Zunic, Tonci/A-6362-2013
OI Schwenzer, Susanne Petra/0000-0002-9608-0759; szopa,
cyril/0000-0002-0090-4056; Harri, Ari-Matti/0000-0001-8541-2802;
Zorzano, Maria-Paz/0000-0002-4492-9650; Dworkin,
Jason/0000-0002-3961-8997; Edgett, Kenneth/0000-0001-7197-5751; Muller,
Jan-Peter/0000-0002-5077-3736; Forni, Olivier/0000-0001-6772-9689;
Blanco, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8666-0696; Ramos,
Miguel/0000-0003-3648-6818; Gomez, Felipe/0000-0001-9977-7060;
Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose/0000-0003-0461-9815; Hayes,
Alexander/0000-0001-6397-2630; Gasnault, Olivier/0000-0002-6979-9012;
Zorzano, Maria-Paz/0000-0002-4492-9650; Madsen,
Morten/0000-0001-8909-5111; Lemmon, Mark/0000-0002-4504-5136;
Balic-Zunic, Tonci/0000-0003-1687-1233
FU NASA under the Mars Program Office [1449884, 1273887]; Centre National
d'Etudes Spatiales; UK Space Agency; Danish Council for Independent
Research/Natural Sciences (FNU) [12-127126, 11-107019]; TICRA
Foundation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GO 2288/1-1]
FX We thank K. Tanaka and L. Kestay (USGS-Flagstaff) and four anonymous
referees for constructive reviews of this manuscript. This research was
carried out for the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, under a contract with NASA under the Mars Program Office,
including JPL contracts 1449884 (R.M.E.W.) and 1273887 (Malin Space
Science Systems). Work in France was carried out with funding from the
Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales. Work in the UK was funded by the UK
Space Agency. Work in Denmark was funded by the Danish Council for
Independent Research/Natural Sciences (FNU grants 12-127126 and
11-107019) and the TICRA Foundation. Work in Germany was partly funded
by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant GO 2288/1-1. Data in this
manuscript arc available from the NASA Planetary Data System. This is
PSI contribution 603.
NR 35
TC 118
Z9 120
U1 8
U2 114
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD MAY 31
PY 2013
VL 340
IS 6136
BP 1068
EP 1072
DI 10.1126/science.1237317
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 154HJ
UT WOS:000319664500037
PM 23723230
ER
PT J
AU Schnell, JK
Harris, GM
Pimm, SL
Russell, GJ
AF Schnell, Jessica K.
Harris, Grant M.
Pimm, Stuart L.
Russell, Gareth J.
TI Quantitative Analysis of Forest Fragmentation in the Atlantic Forest
Reveals More Threatened Bird Species than the Current Red List
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS;
INSECTIVOROUS BIRDS; COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; LOCAL EXTINCTIONS; LANDSCAPE;
ISLANDS; RISK; DEFORESTATION
AB Habitat loss and attendant fragmentation threaten the existence of many species. Conserving these species requires a straightforward and objective method that quantifies how these factors affect their survival. Therefore, we compared a variety of metrics that assess habitat fragmentation in bird ranges, using the geographical ranges of 127 forest endemic passerine birds inhabiting the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. A common, non-biological metric - cumulative area of size-ranked fragments within a species range - was misleading, as the least threatened species had the most habitat fragmentation. Instead, we recommend a modified version of metapopulation capacity. The metric links detailed spatial information on fragment sizes and spatial configuration to the birds' abilities to occupy and disperse across large areas (100,000+ km(2)). In the Atlantic Forest, metapopulation capacities were largely bimodal, in that most species' ranges had either low capacity (high risk of extinction) or high capacity (very small risk of extinction). This pattern persisted within taxonomically and ecologically homogenous groups, indicating that it is driven by fragmentation patterns and not differences in species ecology. Worryingly, we found IUCN considers some 28 of 58 species in the low metapopulation capacity cluster to not be threatened. We propose that assessing the effect of fragmentation will separate species more clearly into distinct risk categories than does a simple assessment of remaining habitat.
C1 [Schnell, Jessica K.; Russell, Gareth J.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Schnell, Jessica K.; Russell, Gareth J.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Harris, Grant M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Pimm, Stuart L.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Schnell, JK (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
EM schnell@orn.mpg.de
NR 80
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 57
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 29
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 5
AR e65357
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0065357
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 155DJ
UT WOS:000319725500018
PM 23734248
ER
PT J
AU Ryan, GA
Peacock, JR
Shalev, E
Rugis, J
AF Ryan, G. A.
Peacock, J. R.
Shalev, E.
Rugis, J.
TI Montserrat geothermal system: A 3D conceptual model
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE geothermal; Montserrat; Magnetotellurics; seismic tomography
ID SOUFRIERE HILLS VOLCANO; WEST-INDIES; POROSITY; ERUPTION
AB We constructed a three-dimensional conceptual model of a geothermal system on the Caribbean island of Montserrat. The model was generated using magnetotelluric resistivity data, earthquake hypocenter data, and a three-dimensional P wave velocity model, all plotted using a shared geographical reference. The results of the study suggest a high-temperature fracture-controlled geothermal system at the intersection of two faults in the SW of the island. We also present a prospectivity index map that represents a proxy of the spatial variation in harvestable heat flux at 1500 m depth. The index is the product of relative permeability around modeled faults and a proxy for the subsurface temperature calculated using P wave velocity anomalies.
C1 [Ryan, G. A.; Peacock, J. R.; Shalev, E.; Rugis, J.] Univ Auckland, Inst Earth Sci & Engn, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
[Peacock, J. R.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Ryan, GA (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Inst Earth Sci & Engn, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
EM g.ryan@auckland.ac.nz
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 10
BP 2038
EP 2043
DI 10.1002/grl.50489
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 277SS
UT WOS:000328840200027
ER
PT J
AU Genereux, DP
Nagy, LA
Osburn, CL
Oberbauer, SF
AF Genereux, David P.
Nagy, Laura A.
Osburn, Christopher L.
Oberbauer, Steven F.
TI A connection to deep groundwater alters ecosystem carbon fluxes and
budgets: Example from a Costa Rican rainforest
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE rainforest; carbon flux; groundwater; aquifer
ID DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON; ORGANIC-CARBON; NOBLE-GASES; AQUIFER;
STREAM; USA; RADIOCARBON; DISCHARGE; INDICATORS; EXCHANGE
AB Field studies of watershed carbon fluxes and budgets are critical for understanding the carbon cycle, but the role of deep regional groundwater is poorly known and field examples are lacking. Here we show that discharge of regional groundwater into a lowland Costa Rican rainforest has a major influence on ecosystem carbon fluxes. This influence is observable through chemical, isotopic, and flux signals in groundwater, surface water, and air. Not addressing the influence of regional groundwater in the field measurement program and data analysis would give a misleading impression of the overall carbon source or sink status of the rainforest. In quantifying a carbon budget with the traditional small watershed mass balance approach, it would be critical at this site and likely many others to consider watershed inputs or losses associated with exchange between the ecosystem and the deeper hydrogeological system on which it sits.
C1 [Genereux, David P.; Nagy, Laura A.; Osburn, Christopher L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27659 USA.
[Oberbauer, Steven F.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Nagy, Laura A.] US Geol Survey, North Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Raleigh, NC USA.
RP Genereux, DP (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, 5135 Jordan Hall, Raleigh, NC 27659 USA.
EM genereux@ncsu.edu
OI Osburn, Christopher/0000-0002-9334-4202
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [0421178, 1029371]; U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-SC0006703]
FX Financial support from the U.S. National Science Foundation (awards
0421178 and 1029371) and U.S. Department of Energy (award DE-SC0006703)
is gratefully acknowledged. Logistical support at the field site was
provided by the Organization for Tropical Studies, especially William
Urena. Preparation of Figure 1 was by Carlo Zanon.
NR 45
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 10
BP 2066
EP 2070
DI 10.1002/grl.50423
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 277SS
UT WOS:000328840200032
ER
PT J
AU Warrick, JA
Simms, AR
Ritchie, A
Steel, E
Dartnell, P
Conrad, JE
Finlayson, DP
AF Warrick, Jonathan A.
Simms, Alexander R.
Ritchie, Andy
Steel, Elisabeth
Dartnell, Pete
Conrad, James E.
Finlayson, David P.
TI Hyperpycnal plume-derived fans in the Santa Barbara Channel, California
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE hyperpycnal plume; Santa Barbara Channel
ID DRIVEN SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; TURBIDITY CURRENTS; CONTINENTAL SHELVES;
GRAVITY FLOWS; RIVER MOUTHS; DISCHARGE; DEPOSITION; INITIATION;
DYNAMICS; PRODELTA
AB Hyperpycnal gravity currents rapidly transport sediment across shore from rivers to the continental shelf and deep sea. Although these geophysical processes are important sediment dispersal mechanisms, few distinct geomorphic features on the continental shelf can be attributed to hyperpycnal flows. Here we provide evidence of large depositional features derived from hyperpycnal plumes on the continental shelf of the northern Santa Barbara Channel, California, from the combination of new sonar, lidar, and seismic reflection data. These data reveal lobate fans directly offshore of the mouths of several watersheds known to produce hyperpycnal concentrations of suspended sediment. The fans occur on an upwardly concave section of the shelf where slopes decrease from 0.04 to 0.01, and the location of these fans is consistent with wave- and auto-suspending sediment gravity current theories. Thus, we provide the first documentation that the morphology of sediment deposits on the continental shelf can be dictated by river-generated hyperpycnal flows.
C1 [Warrick, Jonathan A.; Ritchie, Andy; Dartnell, Pete; Conrad, James E.; Finlayson, David P.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Simms, Alexander R.; Steel, Elisabeth] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Earth Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Warrick, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM jwarrick@usgs.gov
FU USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program; California Ocean Protection
Council; California Coastal Conservancy; University of California, Santa
Barbara
FX This work was supported by assistance from the USGS Coastal and Marine
Geology Program, the California Ocean Protection Council, the California
Coastal Conservancy, and the University of California, Santa Barbara. We
thank A. Draut, S. Johnson, P. Hart, and K. Straub for useful comments
and discussions.
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 10
BP 2081
EP 2086
DI 10.1002/grl.50488
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 277SS
UT WOS:000328840200035
ER
PT J
AU Ballester, J
Burns, JC
Cayan, D
Nakamura, Y
Uehara, R
Rodo, X
AF Ballester, Joan
Burns, Jane C.
Cayan, Dan
Nakamura, Yosikazu
Uehara, Ritei
Rodo, Xavier
TI Kawasaki disease and ENSO-driven wind circulation
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Kawasaki disease; El Nino-Southern oscillation; El Nino and La Nina;
tropospheric winds; tropical-extratropical teleconnections; surface
ocean conditions
ID EL-NINO; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; CHOLERA DYNAMICS; TELECONNECTIONS;
PROGRESS; EVENTS
AB Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children worldwide. Recently, a climatological study suggested that KD may be triggered by a windborne agent traveling across the north Pacific through the westerly wind flow prevailing at midlatitudes. Here we use KD records to describe the association between enhanced disease activity on opposite sides of the basin and different phases of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, via the linkage to these tropospheric winds. Results show that years with higher-than-normal KD cases in Japan preferentially occur during either El Nino Modoki or La Nina conditions, while in San Diego during the mature phase of El Nino or La Nina events. Given that ENSO offers a degree of predictability at lead times of 6 months, these modulations suggest that seasonal predictions of KD could be used to alert clinicians to periods of increased disease activity.
C1 [Ballester, Joan; Rodo, Xavier] Inst Catala Ciencies Clima, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
[Burns, Jane C.] Rady Childrens Hosp San Diego, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Burns, Jane C.] UCSD, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Cayan, Dan] UCSD, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Cayan, Dan] US Geol Survey, Water Resources Discipline, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Rodo, Xavier] ICREA, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
[Ballester, Joan] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Ballester, J (reprint author), CALTECH, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM joanballester@caltech.edu
RI Ballester, Joan/E-6627-2017;
OI Ballester Claramunt, Joan/0000-0003-0009-437X; Rodo,
Xavier/0000-0003-4843-6180
FU La Marato de TV3 [081910]; Catalan Ministry of Innovation and Science;
National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute
[HL69413]; NOAA Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments through the
California Applications program
FX This study was funded by project 081910 "Kawasaki disease: Disentangling
the role of Climate in the outbreaks" from "La Marato de TV3 (2008):
malalties cardiovasculars" through a grant awarded to Xavier Rodo. Joan
Ballester was supported in part by a fellowship from the Catalan
Ministry of Innovation and Science. This work was also supported in part
by a grant from the National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung,
Blood Institute (HL69413) awarded to Jane C. Burns, and by the NOAA
Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments through the California
Applications program awarded to Dan Cayan.
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 10
BP 2284
EP 2289
DI 10.1002/grl.50388
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 277SS
UT WOS:000328840200070
ER
PT J
AU Polade, SD
Gershunov, A
Cayan, DR
Dettinger, MD
Pierce, DW
AF Polade, Suraj D.
Gershunov, Alexander
Cayan, Daniel R.
Dettinger, Michael D.
Pierce, David W.
TI Natural climate variability and teleconnections to precipitation over
the Pacific-North American region in CMIP3 and CMIP5 models
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE natural climate variability; ENSO; PDO; CMIP5; North American
hydroclimate; southwest USA hydroclimate
ID CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; ENSO TELECONNECTIONS; OSCILLATION; RESOLUTION;
RAINFALL; IMPACT
AB Natural climate variability will continue to be an important aspect of future regional climate even in the midst of long-term secular changes. Consequently, the ability of climate models to simulate major natural modes of variability and their teleconnections provides important context for the interpretation and use of climate change projections. Comparisons reported here indicate that the CMIP5 generation of global climate models shows significant improvements in simulations of key Pacific climate mode and their teleconnections to North America compared to earlier CMIP3 simulations. The performance of 14 models with simulations in both the CMIP3 and CMIP5 archives are assessed using singular value decomposition analysis of simulated and observed winter Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and concurrent precipitation over the contiguous United States and northwestern Mexico. Most of the models reproduce basic features of the key natural mode and their teleconnections, albeit with notable regional deviations from observations in both SST and precipitation. Increasing horizontal resolution in the CMIP5 simulations is an important, but not a necessary, factor in the improvement from CMIP3 to CMIP5.
C1 [Polade, Suraj D.; Gershunov, Alexander; Cayan, Daniel R.; Pierce, David W.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.; Dettinger, Michael D.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Polade, SD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM spolade@ucsd.edu
FU DOI via the Southwest Climate Science Center; NOAA via the RISA program
through the California and Nevada Applications Center; California Energy
Commission PIER Program via the California Climate Change Center at the
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
FX This work was supported by DOI via the Southwest Climate Science Center
and by NOAA via the RISA program through the California and Nevada
Applications Center, and by the California Energy Commission PIER
Program via the California Climate Change Center at the Scripps
Institution of Oceanography. We thank Mary Tyree for archiving CMIP3 and
CMIP5 data sets and making them available locally.
NR 24
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U1 0
U2 21
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 10
BP 2296
EP 2301
DI 10.1002/grl.50491
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 277SS
UT WOS:000328840200072
ER
PT J
AU Morgavi, D
Perugini, D
De Campos, CP
Ertl-Ingrisch, W
Lavallee, Y
Morgan, L
Dingwell, DB
AF Morgavi, Daniele
Perugini, Diego
De Campos, Cristina P.
Ertl-Ingrisch, Werner
Lavallee, Yan
Morgan, Lisa
Dingwell, Donald B.
TI Interactions between rhyolitic and basaltic melts unraveled by chaotic
mixing experiments
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Experiments; Concentration variance; Element mobility; Chemical
diffusion; Hybrid melts
ID FELSIC MAGMA CHAMBERS; TRACE-ELEMENT; SILICATE MELTS; LAVA FLOWS;
MULTICOMPONENT DIFFUSION; ISOTOPIC EXCHANGE; LASER-ABLATION; ICP-MS;
VOLCANO; COMPLEX
AB Magma mixing may operate at any stage in the evolution of a magmatic system. The development of mixing is strongly controlled by fluid dynamics and its understanding requires a comprehensive physico-chemical approach in order to identify and interpret its occurrence in nature. Here, we experimentally study the physical and chemical interplays during the mixing of basaltic and rhyolitic natural melts from the Snake River Plains, USA. In particular, we present the results of the first high-temperature mixing experiments performed under controlled chaotic dynamic conditions, providing a new methodological approach to constrain the complexities of the mixing process between natural silicate melts.
The mixing process is initially governed by the dynamics of stretching and folding of the melts, producing alternating flow bands. These bands increase the contact area between the end-members, which subsequently enhance chemical exchanges and thus contribute to the generation of regions with variable degrees of hybridization. We quantified the mobility of major and trace elements across contact areas, and analyzed the concentration variance decay induced by chemical diffusion. The analysis shows that elements diffuse with different efficiencies as the chemical gradient evolves and therefore, the achievement of hybrid compositions contrasts between elements. The approach introduced in this study can, in principle, be applied to mixing trends observed in nature in order to estimate the time-scales and degree of magma mixing evidenced across volcanic rocks/deposits. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Morgavi, Daniele; Perugini, Diego; De Campos, Cristina P.; Ertl-Ingrisch, Werner; Lavallee, Yan; Dingwell, Donald B.] Univ Munich, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
[Perugini, Diego] Univ Perugia, Dept Earth Sci, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
[Lavallee, Yan] Univ Liverpool, Dept Geol & Geophys, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
[Morgan, Lisa] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Morgavi, D (reprint author), Univ Munich, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, resienstrasse 41,resienstrasse 41, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
EM morgavi@min.uni-muenchen.de
RI Dingwell, Donald/A-4724-2011; De Campos, Cristina/G-6987-2015; Perugini,
Diego/M-5655-2015;
OI Dingwell, Donald/0000-0002-3332-789X; De Campos,
Cristina/0000-0002-8231-8922; Perugini, Diego/0000-0002-2888-6128;
Morgavi, Daniele/0000-0002-2858-1586
FU ICDP program [DI 431/31-1, Di 431/31-2, AOBJ: 564369]; [DFG
LA-2651/1-1]; [LA2651/3-1]
FX This research was funded by the ICDP program number DFG Projects DI
431/31-1 and Di 431/31-2, AOBJ: 564369. We thank D. Muller for his
technical support during the microprobe analysis and M. Petrelli for the
LA-ICP-MS measurements; H.W. Lohringer is thanked for the preparation of
microprobe samples. D. Perugini acknowledges research grants from the
University of Perugia and the Humboldt Foundation (Germany) that awarded
him a Humboldt Fellowship at the LMU (Munich, Germany). We gratefully
acknowledge F. Lechner for providing inspiration during the writing of
this paper. Y.L acknowledges support from the DFG LA-2651/1-1 and
LA2651/3-1. D.B. Dingwell acknowledges the support of a research
professorship of the Bundesexzellenz initiative (LMU excellent) and the
advanced research grant EVOKES of the European Research Council. The
authors are grateful to the suggestions and comments from A Whittington
and two unknown reviewers. They greatly improved a previous version of
this work
NR 51
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U1 0
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD MAY 27
PY 2013
VL 346
SI SI
BP 199
EP 212
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.10.003
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 153YY
UT WOS:000319639900019
ER
PT J
AU Rodriguez, P
Fend, SV
AF Rodriguez, Pilar
Fend, Steven V.
TI New species of Rhyacodrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Rhyacodrilinae) of
North America, with re-description of R. sodalis (Eisen, 1879)
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Oligochaeta; Rhyacodrilus; taxonomy; North America; new species
ID MICRODRILE OLIGOCHAETES ANNELIDA; MICROANNELIDS OLIGOCHAETA; TUBIFICIDAE
OLIGOCHAETA; AQUATIC OLIGOCHAETA; FRESH-WATER; SP-N; GENUS;
LUMBRICULIDAE; APHANONEURA; CAROLINA
AB Six new Nearctic species of the aquatic oligochaete genus Rhyacodrilus (Annelida, Clitellata, Rhyacodrilinae), are described, five (R. saelonae sp. n., R. quileuticus sp. n., R. clio sp. n., R. alcyoneus sp. n. and R. longichaeta sp. n.) from western and one (R. propiporus sp. n.) from eastern North America. The taxonomy of the most common Rhyacodrilus species reported in the Nearctic region has been based largely on chaetal characters, which has generated certain confusion. The new species give a new perspective on the genus Rhyacodrilus in North America, suggesting a much higher diversity than previously expected. The description of R. longichaeta sp. n. questions the taxonomic status of R. montana (Brinkhurst), which is here regarded as species inquirenda. The taxonomic status of R. sodalis (Eisen) is discussed based on characters of the reproductive system, the existing Lake Tahoe neotype series is invalidated, and a neotype is described from Eisen's type locality. Based on the discussion of the characters of the genus Rhyacodrilus, the genus Stochidrilus Martinez-Ansemil et al. is proposed as a junior synonym of that genus. The presence of the widely reported species R. coccineus has not been confirmed in the study collections, although the species requires a sound revision. A key to the species bearing hair chaetae is provided, based mainly on features of the reproductive system.
C1 [Rodriguez, Pilar] Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Fac Sci & Technol, Zool & Anim Cell Biol Dpt, Bilbao 48080, Spain.
[Fend, Steven V.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Rodriguez, P (reprint author), Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Fac Sci & Technol, Zool & Anim Cell Biol Dpt, Apdo 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain.
EM pilar.rodriguez@ehu.es; svfend@usgs.gov
FU Basque Government [GIU10/140]
FX This work was possible for the first author thanks to a sabbatical
permit of the University of the Basque Country (from October 2010 to
September 2011), partially supported by the Basque Government project
GIU10/140, and to Cindy Brown for providing access to laboratory
facilities at the US Geological Survey Menlo Park campus (CA, USA)
during P. Rodriguez's sabbatical period. We are grateful to Dave Lenat
for sending us the specimens from Beech Swamp and Little River, and Bob
Wisseman for material from Ritchey Creek. We thank our colleagues Mark
Wetzel, Enrique Martinez-Ansemil, Adrian Pinder, Dave Strayer and Zhicai
Xie for additional specimens to compare with ours. Paul Johnson,
National Park Service, helped with permitting process and with access to
the Chalone Creek site. To Ralph O. Brinkhurst for useful comments on
Rhyacodrilus montana. To Tarmo Timm for helping with difficult
literature and for his always interesting comments.
NR 76
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U1 2
U2 6
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD MAY 23
PY 2013
VL 3664
IS 1
BP 1
EP 44
DI 10.11646/zootaxa.3664.1.1
PG 44
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 155DF
UT WOS:000319725000001
PM 26266283
ER
PT J
AU Watling, JI
Bucklin, DN
Speroterra, C
Brandt, LA
Mazzotti, FJ
Romanach, SS
AF Watling, James I.
Bucklin, David N.
Speroterra, Carolina
Brandt, Laura A.
Mazzotti, Frank J.
Romanach, Stephanie S.
TI Validating Predictions from Climate Envelope Models
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN-HEMISPHERE; POLEWARD SHIFTS; RANGE EXPANSION; DISTRIBUTIONS;
HABITAT; CLASSIFICATION; FRAGMENTATION; PERFORMANCE; PREVALENCE;
CRITERIA
AB Climate envelope models are a potentially important conservation tool, but their ability to accurately forecast species' distributional shifts using independent survey data has not been fully evaluated. We created climate envelope models for 12 species of North American breeding birds previously shown to have experienced poleward range shifts. For each species, we evaluated three different approaches to climate envelope modeling that differed in the way they treated climate-induced range expansion and contraction, using random forests and maximum entropy modeling algorithms. All models were calibrated using occurrence data from 1967-1971 (t(1)) and evaluated using occurrence data from 1998-2002 (t(2)). Model sensitivity (the ability to correctly classify species presences) was greater using the maximum entropy algorithm than the random forest algorithm. Although sensitivity did not differ significantly among approaches, for many species, sensitivity was maximized using a hybrid approach that assumed range expansion, but not contraction, in t(2). Species for which the hybrid approach resulted in the greatest improvement in sensitivity have been reported from more land cover types than species for which there was little difference in sensitivity between hybrid and dynamic approaches, suggesting that habitat generalists may be buffered somewhat against climate-induced range contractions. Specificity (the ability to correctly classify species absences) was maximized using the random forest algorithm and was lowest using the hybrid approach. Overall, our results suggest cautious optimism for the use of climate envelope models to forecast range shifts, but also underscore the importance of considering non-climate drivers of species range limits. The use of alternative climate envelope models that make different assumptions about range expansion and contraction is a new and potentially useful way to help inform our understanding of climate change effects on species.
C1 [Watling, James I.; Bucklin, David N.; Speroterra, Carolina; Mazzotti, Frank J.] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
[Brandt, Laura A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA.
[Romanach, Stephanie S.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA.
RP Watling, JI (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
EM watlingj@ufl.edu
OI Romanach, Stephanie/0000-0003-0271-7825
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Everglades and Dry Tortugas National
Park through the South Florida and Caribbean Cooperative Ecosystem
Studies Unit; USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science
FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(http://www.fws.gov/), Everglades and Dry Tortugas National Park through
the South Florida and Caribbean Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit
(http://www.nps.gov/ever/index.htm), and USGS Greater Everglades
Priority Ecosystem Science (http://access.usgs.gov/). The views in this
paper do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 34
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Z9 5
U1 0
U2 39
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 23
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 5
AR e63600
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0063600
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 151BM
UT WOS:000319435600025
PM 23717452
ER
PT J
AU Adams, MJ
Miller, DAW
Muths, E
Corn, PS
Grant, EHC
Bailey, LL
Fellers, GM
Fisher, RN
Sadinski, WJ
Waddle, H
Walls, SC
AF Adams, Michael J.
Miller, David A. W.
Muths, Erin
Corn, Paul Stephen
Grant, Evan H. Campbell
Bailey, Larissa L.
Fellers, Gary M.
Fisher, Robert N.
Sadinski, Walter J.
Waddle, Hardin
Walls, Susan C.
TI Trends in Amphibian Occupancy in the United States
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; POPULATION
DECLINES; CHYTRID FUNGUS; EXTINCTION; USA; CALIFORNIA; PATHOGEN;
ECOLOGY; ANURAN
AB Though a third of amphibian species worldwide are thought to be imperiled, existing assessments simply categorize extinction risk, providing little information on the rate of population losses. We conducted the first analysis of the rate of change in the probability that amphibians occupy ponds and other comparable habitat features across the United States. We found that overall occupancy by amphibians declined 3.7% annually from 2002 to 2011. Species that are Red-listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) declined an average of 11.6% annually. All subsets of data examined had a declining trend including species in the IUCN Least Concern category. This analysis suggests that amphibian declines may be more widespread and severe than previously realized.
C1 [Adams, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA.
[Miller, David A. W.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
[Miller, David A. W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Muths, Erin] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Corn, Paul Stephen] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Missoula, MT USA.
[Grant, Evan H. Campbell] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA USA.
[Bailey, Larissa L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Fellers, Gary M.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Point Reyes Stn, CA USA.
[Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA.
[Sadinski, Walter J.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
[Waddle, Hardin] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA USA.
[Walls, Susan C.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Adams, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA.
EM mjadams@usgs.gov
RI Miller, David/E-4492-2012; Bailey, Larissa/A-2565-2009; Grant,
Evan/N-5160-2014; Waddle, Hardin/D-3845-2009;
OI Grant, Evan/0000-0003-4401-6496; Waddle, Hardin/0000-0003-1940-2133;
Walls, Susan/0000-0001-7391-9155
NR 32
TC 46
Z9 47
U1 4
U2 67
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 22
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 5
AR e64347
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064347
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 163UP
UT WOS:000320362700142
PM 23717602
ER
PT J
AU Golbuu, Y
Friedlander, A
AF Golbuu, Yimnang
Friedlander, Alan
TI Using appropriate method to answer a question, and the importance of
understanding the question: A response to the rebuttal by Colin et al.
(2013)
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID SPAWNING AGGREGATIONS; REEF FISHES; RESERVE; MANAGEMENT; SERRANIDAE;
BEHAVIOR; GROUPER
C1 [Golbuu, Yimnang] Palau Int Coral Reef Ctr, Res Dept, Koror 96940, Palau.
[Friedlander, Alan] Univ Hawaii, US Geol Survey, Dept Zool, Hawaii Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Golbuu, Y (reprint author), Palau Int Coral Reef Ctr, Res Dept, 1 M Dock Rd,POB 7086, Koror 96940, Palau.
EM ygolbuu@picrc.org
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD MAY 20
PY 2013
VL 123
BP 7
EP 9
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2011.11.038
PG 3
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 137RW
UT WOS:000318456100002
ER
PT J
AU Sankey, JB
Law, DJ
Breshears, DD
Munson, SM
Webb, RH
AF Sankey, Joel B.
Law, Darin J.
Breshears, David D.
Munson, Seth M.
Webb, Robert H.
TI Employing lidar to detail vegetation canopy architecture for prediction
of aeolian transport
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WIND EROSION; DESERT GRASSLAND; CLIMATE; COVER
AB The diverse and fundamental effects that aeolian processes have on the biosphere and geosphere are commonly generated by horizontal sediment transport at the land surface. However, predicting horizontal sediment transport depends on vegetation architecture, which is difficult to quantify in a rapid but accurate manner. We demonstrate an approach to measure vegetation canopy architecture at high resolution using lidar along a gradient of dryland sites ranging from 2% to 73% woody plant canopy cover. Lidar-derived canopy height, distance (gaps) between vegetation elements (e.g., trunks, limbs, leaves), and the distribution of gaps scaled by vegetation height were correlated with canopy cover and highlight potentially improved horizontal dust flux estimation than with cover alone. Employing lidar to estimate detailed vegetation canopy architecture offers promise for improved predictions of horizontal sediment transport across heterogeneous plant assemblages.
C1 [Sankey, Joel B.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Law, Darin J.; Breshears, David D.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Breshears, David D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Munson, Seth M.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA.
[Munson, Seth M.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Webb, Robert H.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Sankey, Joel B.] US Geol Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Sankey, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr,Bldg 4, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM jsankey@usgs.gov
RI Breshears, David/B-9318-2009
OI Breshears, David/0000-0001-6601-0058
FU U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Fellowships; USGS Land Remote Sensing
Program; NSF [NSF EAR -0724958, NSF-DEB0816162]; Arizona Agricultural
Experiment Station
FX This research was supported by U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall
Fellowships (Joel Sankey and Seth Munson) and USGS Land Remote Sensing
Program; additional support was provided by NSF Critical Zone
Observatories (NSF EAR -0724958), NSF-DEB0816162, and Arizona
Agricultural Experiment Station. We thank Greg Okin for help with the
wind erosion model, Juan C. Villegas for field transect data, and Laura
Norman and Dave Bedford for reviews. Mention of trade names or
commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of
providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or
endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 9
BP 1724
EP 1728
DI 10.1002/grl.50356
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 163EC
UT WOS:000320317500012
ER
PT J
AU Pederson, GT
Betancourt, JL
McCabe, GJ
AF Pederson, Gregory T.
Betancourt, Julio L.
McCabe, Gregory J.
TI Regional patterns and proximal causes of the recent snowpack decline in
the Rocky Mountains, US
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; VARIABILITY; TRENDS; TEMPERATURE;
RUNOFF; PRECIPITATION; ATTRIBUTION; PACIFIC; FUTURE
AB We used a first-order, monthly snow model and observations to disentangle seasonal influences on 20th century, regional snowpack anomalies in the Rocky Mountains of western North America, where interannual variations in cool-season (November-March) temperatures are broadly synchronous, but precipitation is typically antiphased north to south and uncorrelated with temperature. Over the previous eight centuries, regional snowpack variability exhibits strong, decadally persistent north-south (N-S) antiphasing of snowpack anomalies. Contrary to the normal regional antiphasing, two intervals of spatially synchronized snow deficits were identified. Snow deficits shown during the 1930s were synchronized north-south by low cool-season precipitation, with spring warming (February-March) since the 1980s driving the majority of the recent synchronous snow declines, especially across the low to middle elevations. Spring warming strongly influenced low snowpacks in the north after 1958, but not in the south until after 1980. The post-1980, synchronous snow decline reduced snow cover at low to middle elevations by similar to 20% and partly explains earlier and reduced streamflow and both longer and more active fire seasons. Climatologies of Rocky Mountain snowpack are shown to be seasonally and regionally complex, with Pacific decadal variability positively reinforcing the anthropogenic warming trend.
C1 [Pederson, Gregory T.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Pederson, Gregory T.] Montana State Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Betancourt, Julio L.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Tucson, AZ USA.
[McCabe, Gregory J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Div Water Resources, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Pederson, GT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2727 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM gpederson@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank Dan Fagre and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful
comments. This project was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 32
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 4
U2 43
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 9
BP 1811
EP 1816
DI 10.1002/grl.50424
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 163EC
UT WOS:000320317500027
ER
PT J
AU Pouget, S
Bursik, M
Webley, P
Dehn, J
Pavolonis, M
AF Pouget, Solene
Bursik, Marcus
Webley, Peter
Dehn, Jon
Pavolonis, Michael
TI Estimation of eruption source parameters from umbrella cloud or downwind
plume growth rate
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Umbrella cloud; Downwind plume; Mass loading; Volcanic plume;
Eyjafjallajokull; Pinatubo; Mount St. Helens; Redoubt; Sarychev Peak;
Kliuchevsko'i; Kasatochi; Okmok; Hekla
ID MOUNT-ST-HELENS; VOLCANIC PLUMES; GRAVITY CURRENT;
SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; PINATUBO; SEDIMENTATION; HEIGHT; TEPHRA; HEKLA;
WIND
AB We introduce a new method to estimate mass eruption rate (MER) and mass loading from the growth of a volcanic umbrella cloud or downwind plume using satellite images, or photographs where ground-based observations are available. This new method is compared with pre-existing models and documented mass eruption rate given in the research literature. We applied the method to five well-studied eruptions (Mount St. Helens, 1980; Redoubt, 1990; Pinatubo, 1991; Hekla, 2000 and Eyjatjallajokull, 2010) and to five less well-documented eruptions (Kliuchevsko'i, 1994; Okmok, 2008; Kasatochi, 2008; Sarychev Peak, 2009 and Bezymianny, 2012). The mass eruption rate is obtained by estimation of the radius of the umbrella cloud with time or by estimation of the width of the downwind plume with distance from the volcano. The results given by the new method show a more fully characterized MER as a function of time than do the results given by pre-existing methods, and allow a faster, remote assessment of the mass eruption rate, even for volcanoes that are difficult to study. The method thus may provide an additional important path to the estimation of source parameters and the forecasting of ash cloud propagation. In addition, in cases where numerous methods are available, use of the method yields new, independent measures of mass eruption rate, hence an ability to estimate uncertainty in mass eruption rate, which could be used in probabilistic estimations of ash cloud propagation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pouget, Solene; Bursik, Marcus] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Webley, Peter; Dehn, Jon] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Pavolonis, Michael] NOAA NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Adv Satellite Prod Team, Madison, WI USA.
RP Pouget, S (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, 411 Cook Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM solenepo@buffalo.edu
RI Pavolonis, Mike/F-5618-2010; Webley, Peter/F-8238-2015
OI Pavolonis, Mike/0000-0001-5822-219X; Webley, Peter/0000-0001-5327-8151
FU NSF-IDR CMMI [1131074]; AFOSR [FA9550-11-1-0336]
FX This research was supported by the NSF-IDR CMMI grant number 1131074 to
E. B. Pitman, and by AFOSR grant number FA9550-11-1-0336 to A.K Patra.
All results and opinions expressed in the foregoing are those of the
authors and do not reflect opinions of NSF or AFOSR. We thank A. Patra,
E.B. Pitman, T. Singh, P. Singla, M. Jones, D. Morton, R. Stefanescu and
R. Madankan for useful feedback on the work presented herein and drafts
of the ms as well as the reviewers.
NR 42
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD MAY 15
PY 2013
VL 258
BP 100
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.04.002
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 171EF
UT WOS:000320907200008
ER
PT J
AU Bargar, TA
Garrison, VH
Alvarez, DA
Echols, KR
AF Bargar, Timothy A.
Garrison, Virginia H.
Alvarez, David A.
Echols, Kathy R.
TI Contaminants assessment in the coral reefs of Virgin Islands National
Park and Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE St. John US Virgin Islands; Coral; Fish; Plankton; Detritus;
Contaminants
ID ANTIFOULING HERBICIDE IRGAROL-1051; YEAST ESTROGEN SCREEN; ORGANIC
CONTAMINANTS; COASTAL WATERS; SURFACE-WATER; ST-JOHN; ORGANOCHLORINE
PESTICIDES; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; INDOLE ALKALOIDS
AB Coral, fish, plankton, and detritus samples were collected from coral reefs in Virgin Islands National Park (VIIS) and Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument (VICR) to assess existing contamination levels. Passive water sampling using polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) and semi-permeable membrane devices found a few emerging pollutants of concern (DEET and galaxolide) and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Very little persistent organic chemical contamination was detected in the tissue or detritus samples. Detected contaminants were at concentrations below those reported to be harmful to aquatic organisms. Extracts from the POCIS were subjected to the yeast estrogen screen (YES) to assess potential estrogenicity of the contaminant mixture. Results of the YES (estrogen equivalency of 0.17-0.31 ng/L 17-beta-estradiol) indicated a low estrogenicity likelihood for contaminants extracted from water. Findings point to low levels of polar and non-polar organic contaminants in the bays sampled within VICR and VIIS. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bargar, Timothy A.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Garrison, Virginia H.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Alvarez, David A.; Echols, Kathy R.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Bargar, TA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM tbargar@usgs.gov
NR 94
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 7
U2 60
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD MAY 15
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 1-2
BP 281
EP 288
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.03.001
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 159UI
UT WOS:000320072400047
PM 23566560
ER
PT J
AU Toran, L
Nyquist, JE
Fang, AC
Ryan, RJ
Rosenberry, DO
AF Toran, Laura
Nyquist, Jonathan E.
Fang, Allison C.
Ryan, Robert J.
Rosenberry, Donald O.
TI Observing lingering hyporheic storage using electrical resistivity:
variations around stream restoration structures, Crabby Creek, PA
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrogeophysics; hyporheic flow; stream restoration; stream tracer test;
groundwater-surface water interaction; urban hydrology
ID SOLUTE TRANSPORT; TRANSIENT STORAGE; SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS; HYDRAULIC
CONDUCTIVITY; GEOPHYSICAL-DATA; SURFACE-WATER; EXCHANGE; ZONE;
GROUNDWATER; TRACER
AB Time-lapse geophysical surveys can map lingering hyporheic storage by detecting changes in response to saline tracer. Tracer tests were conducted in Crabby Creek, an urban stream outside Philadelphia, to examine the influence of stream restoration structures and variable sediment thickness. We compared electrical resistivity surveys with extensive well sampling (57 wells) in two 13.5-m-long reaches, each with a step drop created by a J-hook. The two step drops varied in tracer behaviour, based on both the well data and the geophysical data. The well data showed more variation in arrival time where the streambed sediment was thick and was more uniform where sediment was thin. The resistivity in the reach with thin sediment showed lingering tracer in the hyporheic zone both upstream and downstream from the J-hook. In the second reach where the sediment was thicker, the lingering tracer in the hyporheic zone was more extensive downstream from the J-hook. The contrasting results between the two reaches from both methods suggested that sediments influenced hyporheic exchange more than the step at this location. Resistivity inversion differed from well data in both reaches in that it showed evidence for tracer after well samples had returned to background, mapping lingering tracer either upstream or downstream of a step. We conclude that resistivity surveys may become an important tool for hyporheic zone characterization because they provide information on the extent of slow moving fluids in the hyporheic zone, which have the potential to enhance chemical reactions. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Toran, Laura; Nyquist, Jonathan E.; Fang, Allison C.] Temple Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Ryan, Robert J.] Temple Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Rosenberry, Donald O.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Toran, L (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
EM ltoran@temple.edu
RI Rosenberry, Donald/C-2241-2013;
OI Rosenberry, Donald/0000-0003-0681-5641
FU National Science Foundation Hydrologic Sciences Program [0609827]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Hydrologic
Sciences Program under Award No. 0609827. Thanks to Rich Bauer of Trout
Unlimited and a team of Temple University students for providing
logistical support during the tracer test. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by Temple University or the US Government.
NR 50
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD MAY 15
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 10
BP 1411
EP 1425
DI 10.1002/hyp.9269
PG 15
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 136GO
UT WOS:000318350600005
ER
PT J
AU Lee, C
Foster, G
AF Lee, Casey
Foster, Guy
TI Assessing the potential of reservoir outflow management to reduce
sedimentation using continuous turbidity monitoring and reservoir
modelling
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE suspended sediment; turbidity; sediment trapping efficiency; reservoir
modelling
ID WATER-SUPPLY RESERVOIR; GSTARS COMPUTER-MODELS; STORAGE
AB In-stream sensors are increasingly deployed as part of ambient water quality-monitoring networks. Temporally dense data from these networks can be used to better understand the transport of constituents through streams, lakes or reservoirs. Data from existing, continuously recording in-stream flow and water quality monitoring stations were coupled with the two-dimensional hydrodynamic CE-QUAL-W2 model to assess the potential of altered reservoir outflow management to reduce sediment trapping in John Redmond Reservoir, located in east-central Kansas. Monitoring stations upstream and downstream from the reservoir were used to estimate 5.6 million metric tons of sediment transported to John Redmond Reservoir from 2007 through 2010, 88% of which was trapped within the reservoir. The two-dimensional model was used to estimate the residence time of 55 equal-volume releases from the reservoir; sediment trapping for these releases varied from 48% to 97%. Smaller trapping efficiencies were observed when the reservoir was maintained near the normal operating capacity (relative to higher flood pool levels) and when average residence times were relatively short. An idealized, alternative outflow management scenario was constructed, which minimized reservoir elevations and the length of time water was in the reservoir, while continuing to meet downstream flood control end points identified in the reservoir water control manual. The alternative scenario is projected to reduce sediment trapping in the reservoir by approximately 3%, preventing approximately 45000 metric tons of sediment from being deposited within the reservoir annually. This article presents an approach to quantify the potential of reservoir management using existing in-stream data; actual management decisions need to consider the effects on other reservoir benefits, such as downstream flood control and aquatic life. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Lee, Casey; Foster, Guy] US Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
RP Lee, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4821 Quail Crest Pl, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
EM cjlee@usgs.gov
NR 44
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD MAY 15
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 10
BP 1426
EP 1439
DI 10.1002/hyp.9284
PG 14
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 136GO
UT WOS:000318350600006
ER
PT J
AU Bassiouni, M
Oki, DS
AF Bassiouni, Maoya
Oki, Delwyn S.
TI Trends and shifts in streamflow in Hawai'i, 1913-2008
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE streamflow; groundwater; base flow; trends; climate; Hawai"i
ID RAINFALL; CLIMATE; WATER; PRECIPITATION; PACIFIC; ISLANDS; CYCLE;
TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; FORESTS
AB This study addresses a need to document changes in streamflow and base flow (groundwater discharge to streams) in Hawaii during the past century. Statistically significant long-term (19132008) downward trends were detected (using the nonparametric MannKendall test) in low-streamflow and base-flow records. These long-term downward trends are likely related to a statistically significant downward shift around 1943 detected (using the nonparametric Pettitt test) in index records of streamflow and base flow. The downward shift corresponds to a decrease of 22% in median streamflow and a decrease of 23% in median base flow between the periods 19131943 and 19432008. The shift coincides with other local and regional factors, including a change from a positive to a negative phase in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, shifts in the direction of the trade winds over Hawaii, and a reforestation programme. The detected shift and long-term trends reflect region-wide changes in climatic and land-cover factors. A weak pattern of downward trends in base flows during the period 19432008 may indicate a continued decrease in base flows after the 1943 shift. Downward trends were detected more commonly in base-flow records than in high-streamflow, peak-flow, and rainfall records. The decrease in base flow is likely related to a decrease in groundwater storage and recharge and therefore is a valuable indicator of decreasing water availability and watershed vulnerability to hydrologic changes. Whether the downward trends will continue is largely uncertain given the uncertainty in climate-change projections and watershed responses to changes. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Bassiouni, Maoya; Oki, Delwyn S.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Water Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[Bassiouni, Maoya] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Sch Architecture Civil & Environm Engn, Environm Sci & Engn Sect, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
RP Oki, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Water Sci Ctr, 677 Ala Moana Blvd,Suite 415, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
EM dsoki@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey Pacific Islands Water Science Center; Congress; US
Geological Survey Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center; National
Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center; Pacific Islands Climate
Change Cooperative
FX This study was funded by the US Geological Survey Pacific Islands Water
Science Center, with support from Congress, the US Geological Survey
Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, with support from the
National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center, and the Pacific
Islands Climate Change Cooperative. Gordon Tribble, Annamalai
Hariharasubramanian, Thomas Giambelluca and several anonymous reviewers
provided helpful comments and insights that greatly improved this paper.
NR 59
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 34
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD MAY 15
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 10
BP 1484
EP 1500
DI 10.1002/hyp.9298
PG 17
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 136GO
UT WOS:000318350600011
ER
PT J
AU Ebel, BA
Moody, JA
AF Ebel, Brian A.
Moody, John A.
TI Rethinking infiltration in wildfire-affected soils
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MODELING WATER-MOVEMENT; DEBRIS-FLOW INITIATION; SOUTH-EAST AUSTRALIA;
HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; FOREST WILDFIRE; COMPLEX
TERRAIN; REPELLENT SOIL; CONTACT-ANGLE; OVERLAND-FLOW
C1 [Ebel, Brian A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Moody, John A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Ebel, BA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM brian.ebel@colorado.edu
OI Ebel, Brian/0000-0002-5413-3963
NR 70
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD MAY 15
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 10
BP 1510
EP 1514
DI 10.1002/hyp.9696
PG 5
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 136GO
UT WOS:000318350600013
ER
PT J
AU Lamborg, CH
Swarr, G
Hughen, K
Jones, RJ
Birdwhistell, S
Furby, K
Murty, SA
Prouty, N
Tseng, CM
AF Lamborg, Carl H.
Swarr, Gretchen
Hughen, Konrad
Jones, Ross J.
Birdwhistell, Scot
Furby, Kathryn
Murty, Sujata A.
Prouty, Nancy
Tseng, Chun-Mao
TI Determination of low-level mercury in coralline aragonite by
calcination-isotope dilution-inductively coupled plasma-mass
spectrometry and its application to Diploria specimens from Castle
Harbour, Bermuda
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-ISLAND SOUND; METHYLMERCURY; SEDIMENTS; BIOACCUMULATION; SEAWATER;
CADMIUM; FLUXES; REEF; LEAD
AB We have developed a technique that combines a high temperature quartz furnace with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for the determination of Hg stored in the annual CaCO3 bands found in coral skeletons. Substantial matrix effects, presumably due to the discontinuous introduction of CO2 to the gas stream, were corrected for by simultaneously supplying a stream of argon containing highly enriched elemental Hg-202(o) and observing peaks in the Hg-200/(202) Hg signal as the sample was decomposed. Primary signal calibration for Hg was achieved using gas injections from a saturated vapor standard. The absolute instrument detection limit was low (about 0.2 fmol), with a practical limit of detection (3 sigma of blanks) of 2 fmol. Reproducibility of samples was (RSD) 15-27%.
We applied this method to the determination of Hg concentrations in two colonies of Diploria labyrinthiformis collected from Castle Harbour, Bermuda, at a site about to be buried under the municipal waste landfill. The temporal reconstructions of Castle Harbour seawater Hg concentrations implied by the coral record show a decline throughout the period of record (1949-2008). The coral archived no apparent signal associated with waste disposal practices in the Harbour (bulk waste land-filling or, since 1994, disposal of waste incinerator ash), and mercury concentrations in the coral did not correlate to growth rate as assessed by linear extension. There was, however, a large and nearly exponential decrease in apparent Hg concentration in the Harbour which circumstantially implicates the dredging and/or landfilling operations associated with the construction of the airport on St. David's Island. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lamborg, Carl H.; Swarr, Gretchen; Hughen, Konrad; Birdwhistell, Scot] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02540 USA.
[Jones, Ross J.] UWA Oceans Inst M096, Australian Inst Marine Sci, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Furby, Kathryn] Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Marine Biol Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Murty, Sujata A.] Oberlin Coll, Oberlin, OH 44074 USA.
[Murty, Sujata A.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Prouty, Nancy] US Geol Survey, Pacific Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Tseng, Chun-Mao] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
RP Tseng, CM (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
EM cmtseng99@ntu.edu.tw
RI Jones, Ross/N-4651-2013;
OI Jones, Ross/0000-0003-1661-4149; TSENG, CHUN-MAO/0000-0003-1922-3936
FU Cove Point Foundation; National Taiwan University [101R3252]
FX Funding for this work was generously provided by the Cove Point
Foundation. We specifically thank Director Susan Morris for her support,
as well as National Taiwan University for their support of Dr. Tseng's
involvement (Drunken Moon Lake Scientific Integrated Scientific Research
Platform grant, NTU#101R3252). Thanks to Kathleen Munson (WHOI) and
Steve Bell (BIOS) for collecting the water samples from Castle Harbour.
Thanks also to Laura Robinson of Bristol University, Ed Boyle of MIT and
Rob Sherrell of Rutgers University for useful discussions concerning
trace metal determinations in corals.
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 44
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD MAY 15
PY 2013
VL 109
BP 27
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2013.01.026
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 121UJ
UT WOS:000317269600003
ER
PT J
AU Jin, SM
Yang, LM
Danielson, P
Homer, C
Fry, J
Xian, G
AF Jin, Suming
Yang, Limin
Danielson, Patrick
Homer, Collin
Fry, Joyce
Xian, George
TI A comprehensive change detection method for updating the National Land
Cover Database to circa 2011
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE National Land Cover Database 2011; Change detection
ID REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; TIME-SERIES; FOREST
DISTURBANCE; COMPLETION; ALGORITHMS; DYNAMICS; TRENDS; TOOLS; MODIS
AB The importance of characterizing, quantifying, and monitoring land cover, land use, and their changes has been widely recognized by global and environmental change studies. Since the early 1990s, three U.S. National Land Cover Database (NLCD) products (circa 1992, 2001, and 2006) have been released as free downloads for users. The NLCD 2006 also provides land cover change products between 2001 and 2006. To continue providing updated national land cover and change datasets, a new initiative in developing NLCD 2011 is currently underway. We present a new Comprehensive Change Detection Method (CCDM) designed as a key component for the development of NLCD 2011 and the research results from two exemplar studies. The CCDM integrates spectral-based change detection algorithms including a Multi-Index Integrated Change Analysis (MIICA) model and a novel change model called Zone, which extracts change information from two Landsat image pairs. The MIICA model is the core module of the change detection strategy and uses four spectral indices (CV, RCVMAX, dNER, and dNDVI) to obtain the changes that occurred between two image dates. The CCDM also includes a knowledge-based system, which uses critical information on historical and current land cover conditions and trends and the likelihood of land cover change, to combine the changes from MIICA and Zone. For NLCD 2011, the improved and enhanced change products obtained from the CCDM provide critical information on location, magnitude, and direction of potential change areas and serve as a basis for further characterizing land cover changes for the nation. An accuracy assessment from the two study areas show 100% agreement between CCDM mapped no-change class with reference dataset, and 18% and 82% disagreement for the change class for WRS path/row p22r39 and p33r33, respectively. The strength of the CCDM is that the method is simple, easy to operate, widely applicable, and capable of capturing a variety of natural and anthropogenic disturbances potentially associated with land cover changes on different landscapes. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jin, Suming; Xian, George] US Geol Survey, Arctic Slope Reg Corp ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Yang, Limin; Danielson, Patrick] US Geol Survey, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Homer, Collin; Fry, Joyce] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Jin, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Arctic Slope Reg Corp ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM sjin@usgs.gov
FU USGS [G08PC91508, G10PC00044]
FX Work performed under USGS contract G08PC91508.; Work performed under
USGS contract G10PC00044.
NR 35
TC 154
Z9 162
U1 8
U2 98
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD MAY 15
PY 2013
VL 132
BP 159
EP 175
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.01.012
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 115SE
UT WOS:000316831400013
ER
PT J
AU Benowitz-Fredericks, ZM
Kitaysky, AS
Welcker, J
Hatch, SA
AF Benowitz-Fredericks, Z. M.
Kitaysky, Alexander S.
Welcker, Jorg
Hatch, Scott A.
TI Effects of Food Availability on Yolk Androgen Deposition in the
Black-Legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), a Seabird with Facultative
Brood Reduction
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID TESTOSTERONE LEVELS; HEADED GULL; MATERNAL CONDITION; STURNUS-VULGARIS;
STRESS HORMONES; EGGS; STEROIDS; CHICKS; IMMUNITY; SURVIVAL
AB In birds with facultative brood reduction, survival of the junior chick is thought to be regulated primarily by food availability. In black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) where parents and chicks are provided with unlimited access to supplemental food during the breeding season, brood reduction still occurs and varies interannually. Survival of the junior chick is therefore affected by factors in addition to the amount of food directly available to them. Maternally deposited yolk androgens affect competitive dynamics within a brood, and may be one of the mechanisms by which mothers mediate brood reduction in response to a suite of environmental and physiological cues. The goal of this study was to determine whether food supplementation during the pre-lay period affected patterns of yolk androgen deposition in free-living kittiwakes in two years (2003 and 2004) that varied in natural food availability. Chick survival was measured concurrently in other nests where eggs were not collected. In both years, supplemental feeding increased female investment in eggs by increasing egg mass. First-laid ("A") eggs were heavier but contained less testosterone and androstenedione than second-laid ("B") eggs across years and treatments. Yolk testosterone was higher in 2003 (the year with higher B chick survival) across treatments. The difference in yolk testosterone levels between eggs within a clutch varied among years and treatments such that it was relatively small when B chick experienced the lowest and the highest survival probabilities, and increased with intermediate B chick survival probabilities. The magnitude of testosterone asymmetry in a clutch may allow females to optimize fitness by either predisposing a brood for reduction or facilitating survival of younger chicks.
C1 [Benowitz-Fredericks, Z. M.] Bucknell Univ, Dept Biol, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA.
[Kitaysky, Alexander S.; Welcker, Jorg] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Welcker, Jorg] Norwegian Polar Res Inst, Tromso, Norway.
[Hatch, Scott A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Benowitz-Fredericks, ZM (reprint author), Bucknell Univ, Dept Biol, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA.
EM zmbf001@bucknell.edu
OI Benowitz-Fredericks, Z Morgan/0000-0002-9265-3169
FU United States Geological Survey; National Science Foundation (NSF);
Alaska EPSCoR (NSF) [EPS-0346770]
FX This research was supported by the United States Geological Survey (to
SAH), a National Science Foundation (NSF) pre doctoral fellowship (to
ZMBF), and Alaska EPSCoR (to ASK and ZMBF; NSF #EPS-0346770). The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 60
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U1 3
U2 34
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 13
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 5
AR e62949
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0062949
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 145RZ
UT WOS:000319036100024
PM 23675443
ER
PT J
AU Runkel, RL
Walton-Day, K
Kimball, BA
Verplanck, PL
Nimick, DA
AF Runkel, Robert L.
Walton-Day, Katherine
Kimball, Briant A.
Verplanck, Philip L.
Nimick, David A.
TI Estimating instream constituent loads using replicate synoptic sampling,
Peru Creek, Colorado
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Metals; Hard rock mining; Acid mine drainage; Tracer injection;
Uncertainty; Pennsylvania Mine
ID ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; EVALUATING REMEDIAL ALTERNATIVES; METAL
CONCENTRATIONS; WATER-QUALITY; TRACER INJECTION; MOUNTAIN STREAM;
CATCHMENT; IRON; USA; SIMULATION
AB The synoptic mass balance approach is often used to evaluate constituent mass loading in streams affected by mine drainage. Spatial profiles of constituent mass load are used to identify sources of contamination and prioritize sites for remedial action. This paper presents a field scale study in which replicate synoptic sampling campaigns are used to quantify the aggregate uncertainty in constituent load that arises from (1) laboratory analyses of constituent and tracer concentrations, (2) field sampling error, and (3) temporal variation in concentration from diel constituent cycles and/or source variation. Consideration of these factors represents an advance in the application of the synoptic mass balance approach by placing error bars on estimates of constituent load and by allowing all sources of uncertainty to be quantified in aggregate; previous applications of the approach have provided only point estimates of constituent load and considered only a subset of the possible errors. Given estimates of aggregate uncertainty, site specific data and expert judgement may be used to qualitatively assess the contributions of individual factors to uncertainty. This assessment can be used to guide the collection of additional data to reduce uncertainty. Further, error bars provided by the replicate approach can aid the investigator in the interpretation of spatial loading profiles and the subsequent identification of constituent source areas within the watershed.
The replicate sampling approach is applied to Peru Creek, a stream receiving acidic, metal-rich effluent from the Pennsylvania Mine. Other sources of acidity and metals within the study reach include a wetland area adjacent to the mine and tributary inflow from Cinnamon Gulch. Analysis of data collected under low-flow conditions indicates that concentrations of Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn in Peru Creek exceed aquatic life standards. Constituent loading within the study reach is dominated by effluent from the Pennsylvania Mine, with over 50% of the Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn loads attributable to a collapsed adit near the top of the study reach. These estimates of mass load may underestimate the effect of the Pennsylvania Mine as leakage from underground mine workings may contribute to metal loads that are currently attributed to the wetland area. This potential leakage confounds the evaluation of remedial options and additional research is needed to determine the magnitude and location of the leakage. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Runkel, Robert L.; Walton-Day, Katherine; Verplanck, Philip L.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Kimball, Briant A.] US Geol Survey, West Valley, UT 84119 USA.
[Nimick, David A.] US Geol Survey, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
RP Runkel, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, POB 25046,Mail Stop 415, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM runkel@usgs.gov
OI Nimick, David/0000-0002-8532-9192
NR 55
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U1 1
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD MAY 10
PY 2013
VL 489
BP 26
EP 41
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.02.031
PG 16
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 142ZD
UT WOS:000318835200003
ER
PT J
AU Warrick, JA
Madej, MA
Goni, MA
Wheatcroft, RA
AF Warrick, J. A.
Madej, M. A.
Goni, M. A.
Wheatcroft, R. A.
TI Trends in the suspended-sediment yields of coastal rivers of northern
California, 1955-2010
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Suspended-sediment discharge; River; Time series analysis; Northern
California
ID ACCUMULATION RATES; LAND-USE; SHELF; FLUX; DISCHARGE; OCEAN; MARGIN;
TRANSPORT; EROSION; CLIMATE
AB Time-dependencies of suspended-sediment discharge from six coastal watersheds of northern California - Smith River, Klamath River, Trinity River, Redwood Creek, Mad River, and Eel River - were evaluated using monitoring data from 1955 to 2010. Suspended-sediment concentrations revealed time-dependent hysteresis and multi-year trends. The multi-year trends had two primary patterns relative to river discharge: (i) increases in concentration resulting from both land clearing from logging and the flood of record during December 1964 (water year 1965), and (ii) continual decreases in concentration during the decades following this flood. Data from the Eel River revealed that changes in suspended-sediment concentrations occurred for all grain-size fractions, but were most pronounced for the sand fraction. Because of these changes, the use of bulk discharge-concentration relationships (i.e., "sediment rating curves") without time-dependencies in these relationships resulted in substantial errors in sediment load estimates, including 2.5-fold over-prediction of Eel River sediment loads since 1979. We conclude that sediment discharge and sediment discharge relationships (such as sediment rating curves) from these coastal rivers have varied substantially with time in response to land use and climate. Thus, the use of historical river sediment data and sediment rating curves without considerations for time-dependent trends may result in significant errors in sediment yield estimates from the globally-important steep, small watersheds. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Warrick, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Madej, M. A.] US Geol Survey, Arcata, CA USA.
[Goni, M. A.; Wheatcroft, R. A.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Warrick, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
EM jwarrick@usgs.gov
RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013; Goni, Miguel/E-4456-2014;
OI Goni, Miguel/0000-0001-7682-8064
FU National Science Foundation [0628487]; USGS Coastal and Marine Geology
Program
FX We are thankful for the USGS river sampling programs that sustained
river gaging stations utilized in this research. In the face of
shrinking stream gaging networks in California, we appreciate the
support of Redwood National and State Parks (RNSP) in continuing the
monitoring of water and sediment loads in several north coastal
watersheds. This work was also supported through a National Science
Foundation Award number 0628487 - "Collaborative Research: Delivery and
Burial of Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) on Ocean Margins Dominated by
Small, Mountainous Rivers: the Role of Effective Discharge", and the
USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program.
NR 72
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U1 2
U2 50
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD MAY 10
PY 2013
VL 489
BP 108
EP 123
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.02.041
PG 16
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 142ZD
UT WOS:000318835200009
ER
PT J
AU Kotarba, MJ
Lewan, MD
AF Kotarba, M. J.
Lewan, M. D.
TI Sources of natural gases in Middle Cambrian reservoirs in Polish and
Lithuanian Baltic Basin as determined by stable isotopes and hydrous
pyrolysis of Lower Palaeozoic source rocks
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas origin; Hydrous pyrolysis; Stable isotopes; Upper Palaeozoic; Source
rocks; Polish and Lithuanian Baltic Basin
ID SEDIMENTARY ORGANIC-MATTER; NORTH GERMAN BASIN; MOLECULAR NITROGEN;
CARBON-DIOXIDE; PETROLEUM GENERATION; HYDROCARBON-GAS; ALUM SHALE;
REGION; PART; ORIGIN
AB Origin of natural gases associated with oil and condensate accumulations within the Middle Cambrian sandstone reservoir of the Polish and Lithuanian Baltic Basin was characterised by means of molecular composition, stable carbon isotopes of methane, ethane, propane, butanes, pentanes and carbon dioxide, stable hydrogen isotopes of methane and stable nitrogen isotopes of gaseous nitrogen. Generated gas from potential Upper Cambrian, Tremadocian, and Llandovery source rocks by hydrous pyrolysis at 330 degrees C and 355 degrees C for 72 h was used to characterise thermogenic gas to evaluate correlation parameters based on molecular composition and stable isotopes. The pyrolysis conditions represent gas generation during oil generation, which appears to be the conditions represented by the natural gas accumulations and their low GORs (gas:oil ratios). The dryness of the pyrolysis and natural hydrocarbon compositions compare well, but do not provide a means of distinguishing the contributions of each source rock to the natural gas accumulations. The average delta C-13 value of the natural methane is 6.9% depleted in C-13 compared to methane generated in the hydrous pyrolysis experiments. This difference is less for ethane and essentially nonexistent for propane, butanes, and pentanes. Tentatively, this diminishing difference with increasing carbon number is attributed to kinetic effects resulting from higher experimental temperatures. Although the delta C-13 values of methane and ethane from the hydrous pyrolysis experiments are not useful in direct correlations with natural gas accumulations, delta C-13 of propane, butanes, and pentanes is useful, and indicates that the Upper Cambrian and Tremadocian source rocks are the main contributors and that the Llandovery source rocks are not significant contributors to the Polish and Lithuanian Baltic natural gases. Polish natural gases with relatively higher methane and ethane are attributed to the mixing of drier, more mature gases from deeper parts of the basin to the west. Carbon dioxide of natural gases was generated during thermogenic processes and gaseous nitrogen was generated from NH4-rich illites of the clayey facies and from thermal transformation of organic matter of the Lower Palaeozoic strata. Hydrous pyrolysis gases have higher concentrations of CO2, H2S and H-2 than the natural gases. This difference is attributed to reduction or loss of these highly reactive and soluble gases during migration and entrapment of the natural gases. Although CO2 concentrations between pyrolysis and natural gases are different, the delta C-13 values of the former fall within the range of the latter. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kotarba, M. J.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Geol Geophys & Environm Protect, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
[Lewan, M. D.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Kotarba, MJ (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Geol Geophys & Environm Protect, Al Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
EM kotarba@agh.edu.pl
FU Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection at AGH
University of Science and Technology [11.11.140.560, 11.11.140.175];
Ministry of the Environment [182/2005/Wn-06/FG-sm-tx/D]
FX The research has been financially supported by the Faculty of Geology,
Geophysics and Environmental Protection at AGH University of Science and
Technology, statutory grants no. 11.11.140.560 and no. 11.11.140.175 and
by Ministry of the Environment project no. 182/2005/Wn-06/FG-sm-tx/D.
Dr. Arndt Schimmelmann from the Indiana University in Bloomington and
second anonymous reviewer gave very constructive remarks and comments
that greatly improved the discussion and the possible consequences of
the hypotheses presented in the manuscript. Our foremost gratitude is
due to Mr. Leszek Pikulski Director of the LOTOS "Petrobaltic" Company
and Mr. Andrzej Mularczyk Director of Petroleum Exploration of Zielona
Gora Branch of the Polish Oil and Gas Company for their kind and patient
support of research in the Baltic region. We are very grateful to Dr.
Sergiej Kanev for his help in collecting gas samples and sharing data of
Lithuanian fields. Sample collecting and analytical work by Ms. Zofia
Stecko, Mr. Tomasz Kowalski, Mr. Hieronim Zych and Mr. Sebastian Ptak
from the AGH University of Science and Technology and by Ms. Augusta
Warden and Dr. Robert Dias from the U.S. Geological Survey are
gratefully acknowledged. We also thank Ms. Joanna Gaweda-Skrok for
technical editorial work.
NR 87
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U1 2
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD MAY 8
PY 2013
VL 345
BP 62
EP 76
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.02.023
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 153ZX
UT WOS:000319642400005
ER
PT J
AU White, AM
Zipkin, EF
Manley, PN
Schlesinger, MD
AF White, Angela M.
Zipkin, Elise F.
Manley, Patricia N.
Schlesinger, Matthew D.
TI Conservation of Avian Diversity in the Sierra Nevada: Moving beyond a
Single-Species Management Focus
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID FUEL-REDUCTION TREATMENTS; UNITED-STATES; BIRD COMMUNITIES; RESTORATION
TREATMENTS; HABITAT HETEROGENEITY; VEGETATION STRUCTURE; FOREST
STRUCTURE; PRESCRIBED FIRE; BIODIVERSITY; CALIFORNIA
AB Background: As a result of past practices, many of the dry coniferous forests of the western United States contain dense, even-aged stands with uncharacteristically high levels of litter and downed woody debris. These changes to the forest have received considerable attention as they elevate concerns regarding the outcome of wildland fire. However, attempts to reduce biomass through fuel reduction (i.e., thinning of trees) are often opposed by public interest groups whose objectives include maintaining habitat for species of concern such as the spotted owl, Strix occidentalis, the northern goshawk, Accipiter gentilis, and the Pacific fisher, Martes pennanti. Whether protection of these upper-trophic level species confers adequate conservation of avian forest diversity is unknown.
Methodology and Principal Findings: We use a multi-species occurrence model to estimate the habitat associations of 47 avian species detected at 742 sampling locations within an 880-km(2) area in the Sierra Nevada. Our approach, which accounts for variations in detectability of species, estimates occurrence probabilities of all species in a community by linking species occurrence models into one hierarchical community model, thus improving inferences on all species, especially those that are rare or observed infrequently. We address how the avian community is influenced by covariates related to canopy cover, tree size and shrub cover while accounting for the impacts of abiotic variables known to affect species distributions.
Conclusions and Significance: Environmental parameters estimated through our approach emphasize the importance of within and between stand-level heterogeneity in meeting biodiversity objectives and suggests that many avian species would increase under more open canopy habitat conditions than those favored by umbrella species of high conservation concern. Our results suggest that a more integrated approach that emphasizes maintaining a diversity of habitats across environmental gradients and minimizing urbanization may have a greater benefit to ecosystem functioning then a single-species management focus.
C1 [White, Angela M.; Schlesinger, Matthew D.] US Forest Serv, Conservat Biodivers Grp, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA USA.
[Zipkin, Elise F.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
[Zipkin, Elise F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Manley, Patricia N.] US Forest Serv, Conservat Biodivers Grp, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Hilo, HI USA.
[Schlesinger, Matthew D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Schlesinger, Matthew D.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Schlesinger, Matthew D.] New York Nat Heritage Program, Albany, NY USA.
RP White, AM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Conservat Biodivers Grp, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA USA.
EM angelawhite@fs.fed.us
RI White, Angela/N-7088-2013
OI White, Angela/0000-0001-7499-7390
FU U.S. Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit; U.S. Forest
Service Pacific Southwest Research Station; Sierra Nevada Public Lands
Management Act
FX Funding was provided by U.S. Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management
Unit, U.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station, and the
Sierra Nevada Public Lands Management Act. The funders had no rule in
study design, data collection and analysis decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 84
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U1 3
U2 57
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAY 7
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 5
AR e63088
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0063088
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 154EP
UT WOS:000319654700111
PM 23667579
ER
PT J
AU Bradbury, KR
Borchardt, MA
Gotkowitz, M
Spencer, SK
Zhu, J
Hunt, RJ
AF Bradbury, Kenneth R.
Borchardt, Mark A.
Gotkowitz, Madeline
Spencer, Susan K.
Zhu, Jun
Hunt, Randall J.
TI Source and Transport of Human Enteric Viruses in Deep Municipal Water
Supply Wells
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACUTE GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; DRINKING-WATER; DISEASE OUTBREAKS;
AUGUST 1994; GROUNDWATER; CONTAMINATION; WISCONSIN; SURVEILLANCE;
ADENOVIRUSES; ASSOCIATION
AB Until recently, few water utilities or researchers were aware of possible virus presence in deep aquifers and wells. During 2008 and 2009 we collected a time series of virus samples from six deep municipal water-supply wells. The wells range in depth from approximately 220 to 300 m and draw water from a sandstone aquifer. Three of these wells draw water from beneath a regional aquitard, and three draw water from both above and below the aquitard. We also sampled a local lake and untreated sewage as potential virus sources. Viruses were detected up to 61% of the time in each well sampled, and many groundwater samples were positive for virus infectivity. Lake samples contained viruses over 75% of the time. Virus concentrations and serotypes observed varied markedly with time in all samples. Sewage samples were all extremely high in virus concentration. Virus serotypes detected in sewage and groundwater were temporally correlated, suggesting very rapid virus transport, on the order of weeks, from the source(s) to wells. Adenovirus and enterovirus levels in the wells were associated with precipitation events. The most likely source of the viruses in the wells was leakage of untreated sewage from sanitary sewer pipes.
C1 [Bradbury, Kenneth R.; Gotkowitz, Madeline] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Geol & Nat Hist Survey, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
[Borchardt, Mark A.; Spencer, Susan K.] ARS, USDA, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA.
[Zhu, Jun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Zhu, Jun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Hunt, Randall J.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
RP Bradbury, KR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Geol & Nat Hist Survey, 3817 Mineral Point Rd, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
EM krbradbu@wisc.edu
FU Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; Wisconsin Groundwater
Research Advisory Council; Wisconsin Geological and Natural History
Survey, University of Wisconsin-Extension
FX This work was supported by the Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources, the Wisconsin Groundwater Research Advisory Council, and the
Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, University of
Wisconsin-Extension. The Madison Water Utility provided access to wells
and logistical support.
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U1 4
U2 54
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD MAY 7
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 9
BP 4096
EP 4103
DI 10.1021/es400509b
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 141WA
UT WOS:000318756000020
PM 23570447
ER
PT J
AU Van Hemert, C
Armien, AG
Blake, JE
Handel, CM
O'Hara, TM
AF Van Hemert, C.
Armien, A. G.
Blake, J. E.
Handel, C. M.
O'Hara, T. M.
TI Macroscopic, Histologic, and Ultrastructural Lesions Associated With
Avian Keratin Disorder in Black-Capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus)
SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE avian keratin disorder; black-capped chickadee; beak; claw; deformity;
hyperkeratosis; integument; wild birds
ID BEAK DEFORMITIES; BIRDS; DISEASE; DEFICIENCY; MORTALITY; PATHOLOGY;
PROTEINS; DUCKS
AB An epizootic of beak abnormalities (avian keratin disorder) was recently detected among wild birds in Alaska. Here we describe the gross, histologic, and ultrastructural features of the disease in 30 affected adult black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus). Grossly, there was elongation of the rhamphotheca, with varying degrees of lateral deviation, crossing, and gapping between the upper and lower beak. Not uncommonly, the claws were overgrown, and there was alopecia, scaling, and crusting of the skin. The most prominent histopathologic features in the beak included epidermal hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, and core-like intrusions of necrotic debris. In affected birds, particularly those with moderate to severe beak overgrowth, there was remodeling of premaxillary and mandibular bones and various dermal lesions. Lesions analogous to those found in beaks were present in affected claws, indicating that this disorder may target both of these similar tissues. Mild to moderate hyperkeratosis occurred in other keratinized tissues, including skin, feather follicles, and, occasionally, sinus epithelium, but typically only in the presence of microbes. We did not find consistent evidence of a bacterial, fungal, or viral etiology for the beak lesions. The changes observed in affected birds did not correspond with any known avian diseases, suggesting a potentially novel hyperkeratotic disorder in wild birds.
C1 [Van Hemert, C.; Handel, C. M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Van Hemert, C.; O'Hara, T. M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Armien, A. G.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, VDL, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Blake, J. E.] Univ Alaska, UAF Anim Resources Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
RP Van Hemert, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM cvanhemert@usgs.gov
OI Handel, Colleen/0000-0002-0267-7408
FU NSF; Angus Gavin Memorial Bird Research Grant; United States Geological
Survey; National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [5P20RR016466]
FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for
the research, authorship and/or publication of this article: C. Van
Hemert received funding from an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship and an
Angus Gavin Memorial Bird Research Grant. Other sources of financial
support were provided by the United States Geological Survey and the
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the
National Institutes of Health (NIH; Grant No. 5P20RR016466 to TMO).
NR 36
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U1 0
U2 8
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0300-9858
EI 1544-2217
J9 VET PATHOL
JI Vet. Pathol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 50
IS 3
BP 500
EP 513
DI 10.1177/0300985812469637
PG 14
WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 298BJ
UT WOS:000330298600020
PM 23399850
ER
PT J
AU Irons, JR
Leveland, TR
AF Irons, James R.
Leveland, Thomas R.
TI Eighth Landsat Satellite Becomes Operational
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Irons, James R.] LDCM, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Irons, James R.] NASA, Washington, DC USA.
[Leveland, Thomas R.] USGS, USGS EROS Ctr, Garretson, SD USA.
RP Irons, JR (reprint author), LDCM, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM james.r.irons@nasa.gov; loveland@usgs.gov
NR 3
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U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 79
IS 5
BP 398
EP 401
PG 4
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 295BY
UT WOS:000330092800001
ER
PT J
AU Reece, RS
Gulick, SPS
Christeson, GL
Horton, BK
van Avendonk, H
Barth, G
AF Reece, Robert S.
Gulick, Sean P. S.
Christeson, Gail L.
Horton, Brian K.
van Avendonk, Harm
Barth, Ginger
TI The role of farfield tectonic stress in oceanic intraplate deformation,
Gulf of Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION FAULT; STRIKE-SLIP; YAKUTAT BLOCK; PLATE; EARTHQUAKES;
TERRANE; MODEL; SILL
AB An integration of geophysical data from the Pacific Plate reveals plate bending anomalies, massive intraplate shearing and deformation, and a lack of oceanic crust magnetic lineaments in different regions across the Gulf of Alaska. We argue that farfield stress from the Yakutat Terrane collision with North America is the major driver for these unusual features. Similar plate motion vectors indicate that the Pacific plate and Yakutat Terrane are largely coupled along their boundary, the Transition Fault, with minimal translation. Our study shows that the Pacific Plate subduction angle shallows toward the Yakutat Terrane and supports the theory that the Pacific Plate and Yakutat Terrane maintain coupling along the subducted region of the Transition Fault. We argue that the outboard transfer of collisional stress to the Pacific Plate could have resulted in significant strain in the NE corner of the Pacific Plate, which created pathways for igneous sill formation just above the Pacific Plate crust in the Surveyor Fan. A shift in Pacific Plate motion during the late Miocene altered the Yakutat collision with North America, changing the stress transfer regime and potentially terminating associated strain in the NE corner of the Pacific Plate. The collision further intensified as the thickest portion of the Yakutat Terrane began to subduct during the Pleistocene, possibly providing the impetus for the creation of the Gulf of Alaska Shear Zone, a > 200 km zone of intraplate strike-slip faults that extend from the Transition Fault out into the Pacific Plate. This study highlights the importance of farfield stress from complex tectonic regimes in consideration of large-scale oceanic intraplate deformation.
C1 [Reece, Robert S.; Gulick, Sean P. S.; Christeson, Gail L.; Horton, Brian K.; van Avendonk, Harm] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
[Barth, Ginger] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Reece, RS (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, JJ Pickle Res Campus,Bldg 196,10100 Burnet Rd, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
EM rsreece@utexas.edu
RI Christeson, Gail/B-9967-2008; Van Avendonk, Harm/A-2201-2009; Horton,
Brian/A-1804-2009; Gulick, Sean/C-1039-2008; Reece, Robert/C-4657-2017
OI Christeson, Gail/0000-0002-4749-4429; Horton, Brian/0000-0002-1402-3524;
Gulick, Sean/0000-0003-4740-9068; Reece, Robert/0000-0002-0769-1698
FU NSF [EAR-0408584]; USGS [G11AC20096]; University of Texas Institute for
Geophysics (UTIG) [2565]
FX The authors thank the crews and science parties of R/V Marcus Langseth
cruises MGL0814 and MGL1109 for acquisition of the 2008 and 2011 data
sets, and the USGS for assistance with open-source seismic data. Thanks
to Ian Norton for important discussion in the formative stages of this
work. Thoughtful reviews by Lisa McNeill and Doug Wilson greatly
benefitted this manuscript. This project was funded by NSF grant
EAR-0408584 and USGS grant G11AC20096 to the University of Texas at
Austin. Reece received partial support from the University of Texas
Institute for Geophysics (UTIG) Gail White fellowship. This is UTIG
contribution # 2565.
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 5
BP 1862
EP 1872
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50177
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 256HH
UT WOS:000327299800026
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, K
Segall, P
AF Anderson, Kyle
Segall, Paul
TI Bayesian inversion of data from effusive volcanic eruptions using
physics-based models: Application to Mount St. Helens 2004-2008
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE effusive eruption; Monte Carlo; physics-based; volcano; inverse;
deformation
ID LAVA DOME ERUPTIONS; MAGMA CHAMBER; DYNAMICS; SYSTEM; DEFORMATION;
WASHINGTON; PRESSURES; EXTRUSION; DISCHARGE; FRICTION
AB Physics-based models of volcanic eruptions can directly link magmatic processes with diverse, time-varying geophysical observations, and when used in an inverse procedure make it possible to bring all available information to bear on estimating properties of the volcanic system. We develop a technique for inverting geodetic, extrusive flux, and other types of data using a physics-based model of an effusive silicic volcanic eruption to estimate the geometry, pressure, depth, and volatile content of a magma chamber, and properties of the conduit linking the chamber to the surface. A Bayesian inverse formulation makes it possible to easily incorporate independent information into the inversion, such as petrologic estimates of melt water content, and yields probabilistic estimates for model parameters and other properties of the volcano. Probability distributions are sampled using a Markov-Chain Monte Carlo algorithm. We apply the technique using GPS and extrusion data from the 2004-2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens. In contrast to more traditional inversions such as those involving geodetic data alone in combination with kinematic forward models, this technique is able to provide constraint on properties of the magma, including its volatile content, and on the absolute volume and pressure of the magma chamber. Results suggest a large chamber of >40 km(3) with a centroid depth of 11-18km and a dissolved water content at the top of the chamber of 2.6-4.9wt%.
C1 [Anderson, Kyle; Segall, Paul] Stanford Univ, Dept Geosci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Anderson, K (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
EM kranderson@usgs.gov
OI Anderson, Kyle/0000-0001-8041-3996
FU NSF [EAR-0910708]
FX Mike Lisowski and Noel Bartlow provided valuable assistance with GPS
data post-processing. We appreciate valuable reviews from Larry Mastin
and two anonymous reviewers, as well as comments from the Associate
Editor. This work was supported by NSF grant EAR-0910708.
NR 66
TC 13
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U1 3
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 5
BP 2017
EP 2037
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50169
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 256HH
UT WOS:000327299800024
ER
PT J
AU Matoza, RS
Shearer, PM
Lin, GQ
Wolfe, CJ
Okubo, PG
AF Matoza, Robin S.
Shearer, Peter M.
Lin, Guoqing
Wolfe, Cecily J.
Okubo, Paul G.
TI Systematic relocation of seismicity on Hawaii Island from 1992 to 2009
using waveform cross correlation and cluster analysis
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Hawaiian seismicity; cross correlation; cluster analysis; relative
relocation
ID BENEATH KILAUEA VOLCANO; CALIFORNIA HYPOCENTER RELOCATION; MULTIPLET
RELATIVE RELOCATION; NORTHERN HAYWARD FAULT; LONG-PERIOD EVENT; SOUTH
FLANK; EARTHQUAKE LOCATIONS; RAPID DEFORMATION; STATION TERMS; MAUNA-LOA
AB The analysis and interpretation of seismicity from mantle depths to the surface play a key role in understanding how Hawaiian volcanoes work. We present results from a comprehensive and systematic re-analysis of waveforms from 130,902 seismic events recorded by the U.S. Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory permanent seismic network from January 1992 to March 2009. We compute high-precision relative relocations for 101,390 events (77% of all events considered) using waveform cross correlation and cluster analysis, resulting in a multiyear systematically processed catalog of seismicity for all of Hawaii Island. The 17 years of relocated seismicity exhibit a dramatic sharpening of earthquake clustering along faults, streaks, and magmatic features, permitting a more detailed understanding of fault geometries and volcanic and tectonic processes. Our relocation results are generally consistent with previous studies that have focused on more specific regions of Hawaii. The relocated catalog includes crustal seismicity at Kilauea and its rift zones, seismicity delineating crustal detachment faults separating volcanic pile and old oceanic crust on the flanks of Kilauea and Mauna Loa, events along inferred magma conduits, and events along inferred mantle fault zones. The relocated catalog is available for download in the supporting information.
C1 [Matoza, Robin S.; Shearer, Peter M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Lin, Guoqing] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Marine Geol & Geophys, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Wolfe, Cecily J.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Okubo, Paul G.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI USA.
RP Matoza, RS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM rmatoza@ucsd.edu
RI Lin, Guoqing/B-1002-2009; Shearer, Peter/K-5247-2012
OI Lin, Guoqing/0000-0003-2858-7782; Shearer, Peter/0000-0002-2992-7630
FU NSF [EAR-1045042, EAR-1246935]; Cecil H. and Ida M. Green Foundation at
the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution
of Oceanography
FX We thank the staff of the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory for
maintaining the seismic network and for many valuable discussions, and
James Foster for providing the geodetic slip vectors. We made plots
using the GMT software [Wessel and Smith, 1991]. We thank Jean-Luc Got,
David Oppenheimer, and an anonymous reviewer for their useful comments.
This work was funded by NSF awards EAR-1045042 and EAR-1246935, and RSM
gratefully acknowledges additional support from the Cecil H. and Ida M.
Green Foundation at the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics,
Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The HVO1DXC catalog is available
for download in the supporting information. Updates to the catalog will
be available at http://igppweb.ucsd.edu/similar to rmatoza.
NR 76
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 24
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 5
BP 2275
EP 2288
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50189
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 256HH
UT WOS:000327299800016
ER
PT J
AU Pollitz, FF
Wech, A
Kao, H
Burgmann, R
AF Pollitz, Fred F.
Wech, Aaron
Kao, Honn
Buergmann, Roland
TI Annual modulation of non-volcanic tremor in northern Cascadia
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE tremor; precipitation; gravity
ID LAYERED SPHERICAL EARTH; POSTSEISMIC RELAXATION; SUBDUCTION ZONES; SLIP;
DEFORMATION; EARTHQUAKES; SEISMICITY; CALIFORNIA; INTERFACE; STRAIN
AB Two catalogs of episodic tremor events in northern Cascadia, one from 2006 to 2012 and the other from 1997 to 2011, reveal two systematic patterns of tremor occurrence in southern Vancouver Island: (1) most individual events tend to occur in the third quarter of the year; (2) the number of events in prolonged episodes (i.e., episodic tremor and slip events), which generally propagate to Vancouver Island from elsewhere along the Cascadia subduction zone, is inversely correlated with the amount of precipitation that occurred in the preceding 2months. We rationalize these patterns as the product of hydrologic loading of the crust of southern Vancouver Island and the surrounding continental region, superimposed with annual variations from oceanic tidal loading. Loading of the Vancouver Island crust in the winter (when the land surface receives ample precipitation) and unloading in the summer tends to inhibit and enhance downdip shear stress, respectively. Quantitatively, for an annually variable surface load, the predicted stress perturbation depends on mantle viscoelastic rheology. A mechanical model of downdip shear stress on the transition zone beneath Vancouver Islanddriven predominantly by the annual hydrologic cycleis consistent with the 1997-2012 tremor observations, with peak-to-peak downdip shear stress of about 0.4kPa. This seasonal dependence of tremor occurrence appears to be restricted to southern Vancouver Island because of its unique situation as an elongated narrow-width land mass surrounded by ocean, which permits seasonal perturbations in shear stress at depth.
Key PointsNon-volcanic tremor beneath southern Vancouver Island has a strong annual signalETS occurrence is anti-correlated with the surface precipitation loadTwo independent tremor catalogs are consistent with one another
C1 [Pollitz, Fred F.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Wech, Aaron] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Kao, Honn] Geol Survey Canada, Pacific Geosci Ctr, Nat Resources Canada, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
[Buergmann, Roland] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Pollitz, FF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM fpollitz@usgs.gov
NR 42
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U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 5
BP 2445
EP 2459
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50181
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 256HH
UT WOS:000327299800001
ER
PT J
AU Wang, PL
Engelhart, SE
Wang, KL
Hawkes, AD
Horton, BP
Nelson, AR
Witter, RC
AF Wang, Pei-Ling
Engelhart, Simon E.
Wang, Kelin
Hawkes, Andrea D.
Horton, Benjamin P.
Nelson, Alan R.
Witter, Robert C.
TI Heterogeneous rupture in the great Cascadia earthquake of 1700 inferred
from coastal subsidence estimates
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE megathrust earthquake; Cascadia; paleoseismology; coastal subsidence;
earthquake deformation; microfossils
ID SEA-LEVEL CHANGE; SUBDUCTION-ZONE EARTHQUAKES; TIDAL MARSH STRATIGRAPHY;
LATE HOLOCENE EARTHQUAKE; TOHOKU-OKI EARTHQUAKE; PAST 2000 YEARS;
COSEISMIC SUBSIDENCE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; VANCOUVER-ISLAND; WEST-COAST
AB Past earthquake rupture models used to explain paleoseismic estimates of coastal subsidence during the great A.D. 1700 Cascadia earthquake have assumed a uniform slip distribution along the megathrust. Here we infer heterogeneous slip for the Cascadia margin in A.D. 1700 that is analogous to slip distributions during instrumentally recorded great subduction earthquakes worldwide. The assumption of uniform distribution in previous rupture models was due partly to the large uncertainties of then available paleoseismic data used to constrain the models. In this work, we use more precise estimates of subsidence in 1700 from detailed tidal microfossil studies. We develop a 3-D elastic dislocation model that allows the slip to vary both along strike and in the dip direction. Despite uncertainties in the updip and downdip slip extensions, the more precise subsidence estimates are best explained by a model with along-strike slip heterogeneity, with multiple patches of high-moment release separated by areas of low-moment release. For example, in A.D. 1700, there was very little slip near Alsea Bay, Oregon (similar to 44.4 degrees N), an area that coincides with a segment boundary previously suggested on the basis of gravity anomalies. A probable subducting seamount in this area may be responsible for impeding rupture during great earthquakes. Our results highlight the need for more precise, high-quality estimates of subsidence or uplift during prehistoric earthquakes from the coasts of southern British Columbia, northern Washington (north of 47 degrees N), southernmost Oregon, and northern California (south of 43 degrees N), where slip distributions of prehistoric earthquakes are poorly constrained.
C1 [Wang, Pei-Ling; Wang, Kelin] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Wang, Pei-Ling] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Geosci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
[Engelhart, Simon E.; Horton, Benjamin P.] Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Engelhart, Simon E.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Geosci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Wang, Kelin] Geol Survey Canada, Pacific Geosci Ctr, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
[Hawkes, Andrea D.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Hawkes, Andrea D.] Univ N Carolina, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA.
[Horton, Benjamin P.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
[Nelson, Alan R.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO USA.
[Witter, Robert C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Wang, KL (reprint author), Geol Survey Canada, Pacific Geosci Ctr, 9860 West Saanich Rd, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
EM kwang@NRCan.gc.ca
OI WANG, PEI-LING/0000-0002-4392-3935; Engelhart, Simon/0000-0002-4431-4664
FU NSF [EAR-0842728]; Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological
Survey; University of Victoria; IGCP [588]
FX We thank J. P. Guilbault for providing original data from Guilbault et
al. [1995, 1996] and J. A. R. Sabean for providing data from Sabean
[2004]. This research was supported by an NSF grant (EAR-0842728) to BPH
and by the Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. PLW
was partially supported by a University of Victoria graduate
scholarship. This paper is a contribution to IGCP Project 588 and also
Geological Survey of Canada contribution 20120185.
NR 73
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U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 5
BP 2460
EP 2473
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50101
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 256HH
UT WOS:000327299800037
ER
PT J
AU Moore, DE
Lockner, DA
AF Moore, Diane E.
Lockner, David A.
TI Chemical controls on fault behavior: Weakening of serpentinite sheared
against quartz-bearing rocks and its significance for fault creep in the
San Andreas system
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE serpentinite; solution-transfer creep; frictional strength;
metasomatism; San Andreas Fault
ID DISSOLUTION KINETICS; INTERGRANULAR DIFFUSION; FRICTIONAL BEHAVIOR;
METAMORPHIC FLUIDS; ZONE SEQUENCES; GOUGE; CALIFORNIA; DEFORMATION;
MODEL; TEMPERATURE
AB The serpentinized ultramafic rocks found in many plate-tectonic settings commonly are juxtaposed against crustal rocks along faults, and the chemical contrast between the rock types potentially could influence the mechanical behavior of such faults. To investigate this possibility, we conducted triaxial experiments under hydrothermal conditions (200-350 degrees C), shearing serpentinite gouge between forcing blocks of granite or quartzite. In an ultramafic chemical environment, the coefficient of friction, , of lizardite and antigorite serpentinite is 0.5-0.6, and increases with increasing temperature over the tested range. However, when either lizardite or antigorite serpentinite is sheared against granite or quartzite, strength is reduced to similar to 0.3, with the greatest strength reductions at the highest temperatures (temperature weakening) and slowest shearing rates (velocity strengthening). The weakening is attributed to a solution-transfer process that is promoted by the enhanced solubility of serpentine in pore fluids whose chemistry has been modified by interaction with the quartzose wall rocks. The operation of this process will promote aseismic slip (creep) along serpentinite-bearing crustal faults at otherwise seismogenic depths. During short-term experiments, serpentine minerals reprecipitate in low-stress areas, whereas in longer experiments, new Mg-rich phyllosilicates crystallize in response to metasomatic exchanges across the serpentinite-crustal rock contact. Long-term shear of serpentinite against crustal rocks will cause the metasomatic mineral assemblages, which may include extremely weak minerals such as saponite or talc, to play an increasingly important role in the mechanical behavior of the fault. Our results may explain the distribution of creep on faults in the San Andreas system.
C1 [Moore, Diane E.; Lockner, David A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Moore, DE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM ore@usgs.gov
NR 65
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 5
BP 2558
EP 2570
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50140
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 256HH
UT WOS:000327299800039
ER
PT J
AU Wilcox, AC
Shafroth, PB
AF Wilcox, Andrew C.
Shafroth, Patrick B.
TI Coupled hydrogeomorphic and woody- seedling responses to controlled
flood releases in a dryland river
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; BILL WILLIAMS RIVER; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; GREEN
RIVER; TAMARIX-RAMOSISSIMA; ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS; ALLUVIAL RIVER;
COLORADO RIVER; NATIVE POPULUS; COTTONWOOD
C1 [Wilcox, Andrew C.] Univ Montana, Dept Geosci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Shafroth, Patrick B.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Wilcox, AC (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Geosci, 32 Campus Dr 1296, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM andrew.wilcox@umontana.edu
OI Wilcox, Andrew C./0000-0002-6241-8977
FU US Army Corps of Engineers; US Geological Survey; US Fish & Wildlife
Service; National Science Foundation [EAR-1025076]
FX We thank Paul Kinzel, James Johnsen, Tom Bates, Doug Andersen, Donna
Shorrock, Vanessa Beauchamp, Stan Culling, John Hickey, and Robert
Pleszewski for field assistance; Jill Majerus and Matthew Gilbert for
sediment sieving; and Brian Steele, Jonathan Nelson and Gregor Auble for
guidance. We also thank Anne Lightbody, John Stella, and three anonymous
reviewers for comments that greatly improved the manuscript. This work
was funded by US Army Corps of Engineers, US Geological Survey, US Fish
& Wildlife Service and National Science Foundation (EAR-1025076). A
portion of this research was performed while the lead author held a
National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associateship at the
U.S. Geological Survey's Geomorphology and Sediment Transport Laboratory
in Golden, CO. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 95
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U1 4
U2 25
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 5
BP 2843
EP 2860
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 216OD
UT WOS:000324292300037
ER
PT J
AU Landkamer, LL
Harvey, RW
Scheibe, TD
Ryan, JN
AF Landkamer, Lee L.
Harvey, Ronald W.
Scheibe, Timothy D.
Ryan, Joseph N.
TI Colloid transport in saturated porous media: Elimination of attachment
efficiency in a new colloid transport model
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; TRANSIENT-CHEMICAL CONDITIONS; SECONDARY
ENERGY MINIMUM; DEEP-BED FILTRATION; PARTICLE DEPOSITION; BROWNIAN
PARTICLES; ELECTROPHORETIC MOBILITY; BACTERIAL DEPOSITION; SOLUTION
CHEMISTRY; ORGANIC-MATTER
C1 [Landkamer, Lee L.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Harvey, Ronald W.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
[Scheibe, Timothy D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Ryan, Joseph N.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Landkamer, LL (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1500 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM llandkam@mines.edu
RI Scheibe, Timothy/A-8788-2008
OI Scheibe, Timothy/0000-0002-8864-5772
FU National Research Council
FX This material is based upon work supported by a National Research
Council Post Doctorial Fellowship. Any opinions, findings, and
conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of
the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National
Research Council. The authors would also like to thank the authors that
shared their data that was the basis for the modeling in this paper.
NR 51
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U1 5
U2 30
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 5
BP 2952
EP 2965
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 216OD
UT WOS:000324292300045
ER
PT J
AU Rosenberry, DO
Sheibley, RW
Cox, SE
Simonds, FW
Naftz, DL
AF Rosenberry, Donald O.
Sheibley, Richard W.
Cox, Stephen E.
Simonds, Frederic W.
Naftz, David L.
TI Temporal variability of exchange between groundwater and surface water
based on high- frequency direct measurements of seepage at the sediment-
water interface
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID STREAMBED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; TIME-SERIES; SPATIAL VARIABILITY;
HYPORHEIC EXCHANGE; LAKE; DISCHARGE; METER; FLUX; RIVER; ZONE
C1 [Rosenberry, Donald O.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Sheibley, Richard W.; Cox, Stephen E.] US Geol Survey, Tacoma, WA USA.
[Simonds, Frederic W.] US Geol Survey, Portland, OR USA.
[Naftz, David L.] US Geol Survey, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Rosenberry, DO (reprint author), US Geol Survey, DFC, MS 413,Bldg 53, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM rosenber@usgs.gov
RI Rosenberry, Donald/C-2241-2013;
OI Sheibley, Richard/0000-0003-1627-8536; Rosenberry,
Donald/0000-0003-0681-5641
FU Utah Department of Natural Resources/Division of Forestry, Fire, and
State Lands
FX The authors thank Joshua Koch, Dallas Hudson, and Ryan Anderson (USGS),
Elizabeth Kochevar (Colorado College), Eli Parkhurst (Colorado State
University), and Seth Book (Mason County Public Health Department), all
of whom provided valuable and greatly appreciated field assistance.
Insightful reviews by Rebecca Schneider, Joshua F. Valder, and two
anonymous reviewers substantially improved the manuscript. Partial
funding for work on Great Salt Lake was provided by the Utah Department
of Natural Resources/Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands.
NR 59
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U1 2
U2 28
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 5
BP 2975
EP 2986
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 216OD
UT WOS:000324292300047
ER
PT J
AU Buchs, DM
Pilet, S
Baumgartner, PO
Cosca, M
Flores, KE
Bandini, AN
AF Buchs, David M.
Pilet, Sebastien
Baumgartner, Peter O.
Cosca, Michael
Flores, Kennet E.
Bandini, Alexandre N.
TI Low-volume intraplate volcanism in the Early/Middle Jurassic Pacific
basin documented by accreted sequences in Costa Rica
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE accretionary complex; seamount; OIB; intraplate volcanism; lithosphere
cracking; metasomatism
ID ROSA ACCRETIONARY COMPLEX; OCEAN ISLAND BASALTS; GARNET PERIDOTITE;
SUBDUCTION ZONES; ORIGIN; MANTLE; LITHOSPHERE; PLATE; SEAMOUNTS;
GEOCHEMISTRY
AB Countless seamounts occur on Earth that can provide important constraints on intraplate volcanism and plate tectonics in the oceans, yet their nature and origin remain poorly known due to difficulties in investigating the deep ocean. We present here new lithostratigraphic, age and geochemical data from Lower/Middle Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sequences in the Santa Rosa accretionary complex, Costa Rica, which offer a valuable opportunity to study a small-sized seamount from a subducted plate segment of the Pacific basin. The seamount is characterized by very unusual lithostratigraphic sequences with sills of potassic alkaline basalt emplaced within thick beds of radiolarite, basaltic breccia and hyaloclastite. An integration of new geochemical, biochronological and geochronological data with lithostratigraphic observations suggests that the seamount formed ~175 Ma ago on thick oceanic crust away from subduction zones and mid-ocean ridges. This seamount traveled ~65 Ma in the Pacific before accretion. It resembles lithologically and compositionally "petit-spot" volcanoes found off Japan, which form in response to plate flexure near subduction zones. Also, the composition of the sills and lava flows in the accreted seamount closely resembles that of potassic alkaline basalts produced by lithosphere cracking along the Line Islands chain. We hypothesize based on these observations, petrological constraints and formation of the accreted seamount coeval with the early stages of development of the Pacific plate that the seamount formed by extraction of small volumes of melt from the base of the lithosphere in response to propagating fractures at the scale of the Pacific basin.
Key Points
An accreted seamount documents intraplate volcanism in the Pacific ~175 Ma ago
The seamount resembles petit-spot volcanoes produced by lithosphere cracking
Accreted potassic alkaline basalts reflect metasomatism in the lithosphere
C1 [Buchs, David M.] GEOMAR Res Ctr, Res Div Dynam Ocean Floor 4, Kiel, Germany.
[Pilet, Sebastien; Baumgartner, Peter O.] Univ Lausanne, Inst Earth Sci, Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Cosca, Michael] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Flores, Kennet E.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, New York, NY 10024 USA.
[Bandini, Alexandre N.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Earth & Environm, Crawley, Australia.
RP Buchs, DM (reprint author), Cardiff Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Main Bldg, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales.
EM buchsd@cf.ac.uk
OI Buchs, David/0000-0001-8866-8125
FU IFM-GEOMAR (Swiss National Science Foundation) [PA00P2-134128/1]; Swiss
National Science Foundation [200021 140494]
FX We thank Godfrey Fitton, Anthony Koppers, James Natland, and an
anonymous reviewer for their insightful and constructive review. We
thank Peter Ulmer for sharing unpublished experimental data on amphibole
crystallization. People from the Santa Rosa National Park provided
support during field work. Discussions with Kaj Hoernle, Folkmar Hauff,
and Maxim Portnyagin helped prepare the manuscript. This paper was
conceived and written during the tenure of a postdoctoral fellowship at
the IFM-GEOMAR (Swiss National Science Foundation grant
#PA00P2-134128/1). The work of S.P. was supported by the Swiss National
Science Foundation grant #200021 140494.
NR 54
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 5
BP 1552
EP 1568
DI 10.1002/ggge.20084
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 218DJ
UT WOS:000324412600014
ER
PT J
AU Holman, R
Plant, N
Holland, T
AF Holman, Rob
Plant, Nathaniel
Holland, Todd
TI cBathy: A robust algorithm for estimating nearshore bathymetry
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE nearshore processes; Argus; bathymetry
ID COASTAL ZONE; IMAGERY; RETRIEVALS; DISPERSION
AB A three-part algorithm is described and tested to provide robust bathymetry maps based solely on long time series observations of surface wave motions. The first phase consists of frequency-dependent characterization of the wave field in which dominant frequencies are estimated by Fourier transform while corresponding wave numbers are derived from spatial gradients in cross-spectral phase over analysis tiles that can be small, allowing high-spatial resolution. Coherent spatial structures at each frequency are extracted by frequency-dependent empirical orthogonal function (EOF). In phase two, depths are found that best fit weighted sets of frequency-wave number pairs. These are subsequently smoothed in time in phase 3 using a Kalman filter that fills gaps in coverage and objectively averages new estimates of variable quality with prior estimates. Objective confidence intervals are returned. Tests at Duck, NC, using 16 surveys collected over 2 years showed a bias and root-mean-square (RMS) error of 0.19 and 0.51 m, respectively but were largest near the offshore limits of analysis (roughly 500m from the camera) and near the steep shoreline where analysis tiles mix information from waves, swash and static dry sand. Performance was excellent for small waves but degraded somewhat with increasing wave height. Sand bars and their small-scale alongshore variability were well resolved. A single ground truth survey from a dissipative, low-sloping beach (Agate Beach, OR) showed similar errors over a region that extended several kilometers from the camera and reached depths of 14 m. Vector wave number estimates can also be incorporated into data assimilation models of nearshore dynamics.
C1 [Holman, Rob] Oregon State Univ, CEOAS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Plant, Nathaniel] USGS, Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL USA.
[Holland, Todd] NRL, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
RP Holland, T (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, CEOAS, 104 Ocean Admin Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM holman@coas.oregonstate.edu
RI Holland, K. Todd/A-7673-2011;
OI Holland, K. Todd/0000-0002-4601-6097; Plant,
Nathaniel/0000-0002-5703-5672
FU ONR Littoral Geosciences and Optics program [N00014-11-10393]; Multi
University Research Initiative [N00014-10-1-0932]; Office of Naval
Research
FX We would like to thank John Stanley for all the work that keeps Argus
alive and productive and for the production cBathy analysis discussed
here. Many thanks to Gabriel Garcia for guiding me through my first
experience writing in Lyx. Thanks also to the Jesse McNinch and the
staff of the FRF for restarting CRAB surveys and for providing the Duck
survey data used here, and to Diana Di Leonardo and Peter Ruggiero for
supplying analyzed jet ski survey data for Agate beach. We are grateful
for the support of the ONR Littoral Geosciences and Optics program,
grant N00014-11-10393 and the Multi University Research Initiative,
grant number N00014-10-1-0932. NRL was supported by the Office of Naval
Research through funding of the rapid transition project "Estimation of
surf zone bathymetry using Unmanned Aircraft Systems."
NR 26
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 5
BP 2595
EP 2609
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20199
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 224TZ
UT WOS:000324913700024
ER
PT J
AU Read, JS
Rose, KC
AF Read, Jordan S.
Rose, Kevin C.
TI Physical responses of small temperate lakes to variation in dissolved
organic carbon concentrations
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL STRUCTURE; WATER CLARITY; SHIELD LAKES; CLIMATE; SIZE;
RADIATION; ABUNDANCE; PLANKTON; TRENDS; EXPORT
AB We used a mechanistic physical model to examine the effect of variability in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations on the physical properties of small temperate lakes. The model was validated on eight small (6 X 10(-4) to 3.8 X 10(-2) km(2)) lakes in Wisconsin and Michigan, with a standard error < 1 degrees C for seven of eight lakes. Attenuation of photosynthetically active radiation (400-700 nm) in these lakes was regulated by DOC concentrations and was important in the vertical structuring of water temperatures. Heat exchange below the surface mixed layer was near the molecular rate, increasing the importance of water clarity as a control on the heat content of deeper waters. To understand the thermal effects of changing DOC concentrations, we applied scenarios of a 50% increase and 50% decrease in DOC concentrations for one lake (Trout Bog) and found water temperatures to vary in response, with the seasonally averaged temperatures in the increased DOC scenario being > 2 degrees C colder than the reduced scenario. We found a nonlinear relationship between DOC and temperature, with clearer (lower DOC) simulations being more sensitive to climate variability, suggesting that DOC may act as a buffer against a warming climate. Our model showed that DOC also influenced epilimnetic depths, as nocturnal mixing (related to the vertical partitioning of heat) was more important than wind-driven mixing. Small lakes are globally important regulators of biogeochemical cycles and are structurally different from larger lakes. Important feedbacks to physical processes must be accounted for when understanding the effects of changing DOC and climate on small lakes.
C1 [Read, Jordan S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Rose, Kevin C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Read, JS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI USA.
EM jread@usgs.gov
OI Read, Jordan/0000-0002-3888-6631
FU Division of Environmental Biology and Molecular and Cellular Biology
[0822700, 0702395]; Environmental Aquatic Resource Sensing (EARS)
Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) program;
NSF Division of Graduate Education grant [0903560]; Smithsonian
Institution postdoctoral fellowship; EARS IGERT; Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation [1182]
FX J.S.R. was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) North
Temperate Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research grants from the Division
of Environmental Biology and Molecular and Cellular Biology (grants
0822700 and 0702395, respectively). These grants also funded buoys on
Crystal Bog, North Sparkling Bog, Trout Bog, and Mouser Bog. K.C.R. was
supported by the Environmental Aquatic Resource Sensing (EARS)
Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) program,
NSF Division of Graduate Education grant 0903560, and a Smithsonian
Institution postdoctoral fellowship. The EARS IGERT grant supplied buoys
for Timber and Jekl Bogs. This research could not have been completed
without the intellectual and logistical support of the C. Williamson Lab
of Miami University and the support, discussion, and/or fieldwork of K.
McMahon, E. Stanley, L. Winslow, P. Hanson, E. K. Read, A. Shade, T.
Meinke, K. Morrison, S. Yeo, and C. Watras. This article was improved by
incorporating valuable feedback received at the 11th Global Lakes
Ecological Observatory (GLEON) meeting, where travel and lodging costs
for JSR and KCR were covered by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
(award 1182). We thank J. Cole and S. Carpenter from the Tropic Cascade
Project for providing buoy data from Peter and Ward Lakes and M. Pace
and R. Batt for thoughtful discussion on this topic. C. Williamson and
two anonymous reviewers helped improve earlier versions of this article.
NR 34
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Z9 35
U1 3
U2 41
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 0024-3590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 3
BP 921
EP 931
DI 10.4319/lo.2013.58.3.0921
PG 11
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 192NG
UT WOS:000322491100013
ER
PT J
AU Arkle, JC
Armstrong, PA
Haeussler, PJ
Prior, MG
Hartman, S
Sendziak, KL
Brush, JA
AF Arkle, Jeanette C.
Armstrong, Phillip A.
Haeussler, Peter J.
Prior, Michael G.
Hartman, Sean
Sendziak, Kassandra L.
Brush, Jade A.
TI Focused exhumation in the syntaxis of the western Chugach Mountains and
Prince William Sound, Alaska
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID ST-ELIAS OROGEN; FISSION-TRACK ANALYSIS; APATITE (U-TH)/HE
THERMOCHRONOMETRY; LOW-TEMPERATURE THERMOCHRONOMETRY; COOK INLET BASIN;
SOUTHERN ALASKA; NEW-ZEALAND; TECTONIC PROCESSES; OLYMPIC MOUNTAINS;
HELIUM DIFFUSION
AB The western Chugach Mountains and Prince William Sound are located in a syntaxial bend, which lies above flat-slab subduction of the Yakutat microplate and inboard of the Yakutat collision zone of southern Alaska. The syntaxis is characterized by arcuate fault systems and steep, high topography, which suggest focused uplift and exhumation of the accretionary prism. We examined the exhumation history with low-temperature thermo-chronometry of 42 samples collected across the region. These new apatite (U-Th)/He, apatite fission-track, zircon (U-Th)/He, and zircon fission-track ages, combined with ages from surrounding regions, show a bull's-eye pattern, with the youngest ages focused on the western Chugach syntaxis. The ages have ranges of ca. 10-4 Ma, ca. 35-11 Ma, ca. 33-25 Ma, and ca. 44-27 Ma, respectively. The youngest ages are located on the south (windward) side of the Chugach Mountains and just north of the Contact fault. Sequentially higher closure temperature systems are nested across Prince William Sound in the south, the Chugach Mountains, and the Talkeetna Mountains to the north. Computed exhumation rates typically are 0.2 mm/yr across Prince William Sound, increase abruptly to similar to 0.7 mm/yr across and adjacent to the Contact fault system, and decrease to similar to 0.4 mm/yr north of the core of the Chugach Mountains. The abrupt age and exhumation rate changes centered on the Contact fault system suggest that it may be a critical structural system for facilitating rock uplift. Our data are most consistent with Yakutat flat-slab subduction starting in the Oligocene, and since then similar to 11 km of rock uplift north of the Contact fault and similar to 4-5 km of rock uplift in Prince William Sound to the south. These data are consistent with a deformation model where the western Chugach core has approached long-term exhumational steady state, though exhumation rates have probably increased in the last similar to 5 m.y. We interpret that rock uplift in the overriding wedge has been driven dominantly by underplating, with long-term vertical displacement concentrated at the southern edge of the Chugach Mountains and centered on the Contact fault system. Though our data do not unequivocally differentiate between Pliocene tectonic- or climate-related causes for increased exhumation in the last similar to 5 m.y., we interpret the increased rates to be due to increased influx of underplated sediments that are derived from erosion in the Saint Elias orogen collision zone.
C1 [Arkle, Jeanette C.; Armstrong, Phillip A.; Prior, Michael G.; Hartman, Sean; Sendziak, Kassandra L.; Brush, Jade A.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA.
[Haeussler, Peter J.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Arkle, JC (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, POB 0013, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM parmstrong@fullerton.edu
OI Haeussler, Peter/0000-0002-1503-6247
FU Petroleum Research Fund
FX We thank D. Bowman and B. Rhodes for tectonic discussions and J. Garver
for his help with the zircon fission-track analyses. K. Farley and L.
Hedges (Caltech) are thanked for (U-Th)/He analyses. T. Pavlis provided
a preprint of a paper on gravity data and interpretations. R. Arkle
(U.S. Geological Survey) provided help with data contouring. J.
Freymueller provided data on residual global positioning system
velocities. Extensive and insightful reviews by J. Spotila, T. Pavlis,
R. Lease, and Associate Editor L. Ferrari greatly improved this
manuscript. Funding was provided by Donors of the Petroleum Research
Fund administered by the American Chemical Society and California State
University-Fullerton program for undergraduate research.
NR 112
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U1 3
U2 16
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 125
IS 5-6
BP 776
EP 793
DI 10.1130/B30738.1
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 203DM
UT WOS:000323270500008
ER
PT J
AU Rankin, DW
Tucker, RD
Amelin, Y
AF Rankin, Douglas W.
Tucker, Robert D.
Amelin, Yuri
TI Reevaluation of the Piermont-Frontenac allochthon in the Upper
Connecticut Valley: Restoration of a coherent Boundary Mountains-Bronson
Hill stratigraphic sequence
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID LITTLETON-MOOSILAUKE AREA; NEW-ENGLAND APPALACHIANS; WESTERN
NEW-ENGLAND; PB ZIRCON AGES; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; U-PB; TACONIAN OROGENY;
EASTERN VERMONT; MAGMATIC ARC; MAINE
AB The regional extent and mode and time of emplacement of the Piermont-Frontenac allochthon in the Boundary Mountains-Bronson Hill anticlinorium of the Upper Connecticut Valley, New Hampshire-Vermont, are controversial. Moench and coworkers beginning in the 1980s proposed that much of the autochthonous pre-Middle Ordovician section of the anticlinorium was a large allochthon of Silurian to Early Devonian rocks correlated to those near Rangeley, Maine. This similar to 200-km-long allochthon was postulated to have been transported westward in the latest Silurian to Early Devonian as a soft-sediment gravity slide on a hypothesized Foster Hill fault. New mapping and U-Pb geochronology do not support this interpretation. The undisputed Rangeley sequence in the Bean Brook slice is different from the disputed sequence in the proposed larger Piermont-Frontenac allochthon, and field evidence for the Foster Hill fault is lacking. At the type locality on Foster Hill, the postulated "fault" is a stratigraphic contact within the Ordovician Ammonoosuc Volcanics. The proposed Foster Hill fault would place the Piermont-Frontenac allochthon over the inverted limb of the Cornish(?) nappe, which includes the Emsian Littleton Formation, thus limiting the alleged sub marine slide to post-Emsian time. Mafic dikes of the 419 Ma Comerford Intrusive Complex intrude previously folded strata attributed to the larger Piermont-Frontenac allochthon as well as the autochthonous Albee Formation and Ammonoosuc Volcanics. The Lost Nation pluton intruded and produced hornfels in previously deformed Albee strata. Zircons from an apophysis of the pluton in the hornfels have a thermal ionization mass spectrometry Pb-207/Pb-206 age of 444.1 +/- 2.1 Ma. Tonalite near Bath, New Hampshire, has a zircon sensitive high-resolution ion micro probe Pb-206/U-238 age of 492.5 +/- 7.8 Ma. The tonalite intrudes the Albee Formation, formerly interpreted as the Silurian Perry Mountain Formation of the proposed allochthon. Collectively, these features indicate that the large Piermont-Frontenac allochthon gravity slide of Silurian-Devonian strata, as previously proposed, cannot exist. Allochthonous rocks are restricted to a 25 km(2) klippe, the Bean Brook slice, emplaced by hard-rock thrusting in the post-Emsian Devonian.
The Albee Formation, the oldest unit in the study area, is older than the Late Cambrian tonalite at Bath. The correlation and apparent continuity along strike to the northeast of the Albee Formation with the Dead River Formation suggest that the Albee Formation, like the Dead River Formation, is of Ganderian affinity and that the Bronson Hill magmatic arc in the Upper Connecticut Valley was built on Ganderian crust. The Dead River Formation is unconformably overlain by Middle and Upper Ordovician volcanic units; the unconformity is attributed to the pre-Arenig Penobscottian orogeny. Some of the pre-Silurian deformation in the Upper Connecticut Valley may be Penobscottian rather than Taconian.
New stratigraphic units defined herein include the pelitic Scarritt Member of the Albee Formation, the Ordovician Washburn Brook Formation consisting of synsedimentary breccia and coticule, chert, and ironstone, and the Devonian-Silurian Sawyer Mountain Formation, probably correlative with the Frontenac Formation. The Partridge Formation is partially coeval with the Ammonoosuc Volcanics.
C1 [Rankin, Douglas W.; Tucker, Robert D.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Amelin, Yuri] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
RP Rankin, DW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Mail Stop 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM dwrankin@usgs.gov
NR 81
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 8
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 125
IS 5-6
BP 998
EP 1024
DI 10.1130/B30590.1
PG 27
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 203DM
UT WOS:000323270500020
ER
PT J
AU Farias, M
Bianchi, K
Atkinson, C
Ohora, D
Txakeeyang, A
Bonnel, C
Jarvi, S
AF Farias, Margaret
Bianchi, Kiara
Atkinson, Carter
Ohora, Donna
Txakeeyang, Ann
Bonnel, Caroline
Jarvi, Susan
TI AFLP analysis of a natural population of native Hawaiian Honeycreepers
(Hemignathus virens) reveals candidate markers for tolerance to avian
malaria (Plasmodium relictum)
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists
CY MAY 03-07, 2013
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Amer Assoc Immunologists
C1 [Farias, Margaret; Bianchi, Kiara; Ohora, Donna; Txakeeyang, Ann; Bonnel, Caroline; Jarvi, Susan] Univ Hawaii, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Atkinson, Carter] US Geol Survey, PIERC Kilauea Field Stn, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-1767
J9 J IMMUNOL
JI J. Immunol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 190
MA P3066
PG 1
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA 199ID
UT WOS:000322987102243
ER
PT J
AU Freeman, RL
Dattilo, BF
Morse, A
Blair, M
Felton, S
Pojeta, J
AF Freeman, Rebecca L.
Dattilo, Benjamin F.
Morse, Aaron
Blair, Michael
Felton, Steve
Pojeta, John, Jr.
TI THE "CURSE OF RAFINESQUINA:" NEGATIVE TAPHONOMIC FEEDBACK EXERTED BY
STROPHOMENID SHELLS ON STORM-BURIED LINGULIDS IN THE CINCINNATIAN SERIES
(KATIAN, ORDOVICIAN) OF OHIO
SO PALAIOS
LA English
DT Article
ID BRACHIOPOD GLOTTIDIA-PYRAMIDATA; PALEOECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE; ECOSYSTEM
ENGINEERS; FOSSIL; MIDDLE; BEDS; REGION; USA; INVERTEBRATES;
INARTICULATA
AB Thousands of lingulid brachiopods were found clustered beneath hundreds of individual valves of the strophomenid brachiopod Rafinesquina in the Upper Ordovician of Ohio. This association suggested a relationship between the two brachiopods, but the nature of this relationship was unclear. We utilized serial thin sectioning to examine these brachiopods and to determine the origin of the bed in which they were found. Sedimentary structures, mixed taphonomies, and stratigraphic and paleogeographic setting suggest that the lingulids occupied a hiatal concentration that had previously been reworked, but not significantly transported, by tropical storms. The final burial event was a storm that exhumed living lingulids along with disarticulated Rafinesquina shells from the same sediments. Neither living nor dead shells were transported, but were reworked locally, then reburied together. The lingulids then burrowed upward to escape, but most were trapped by the concave-downward Rafinesquina shells that had been redeposited above them. This finding offers the first documented example of negative ecosystem engineering and taphonomic feedback in the fossil record, as well as the oldest documented lingulid escape traces. It also suggests that taphonomic feedback can be subdivided into live-dead interactions that occur under normal background depositional conditions and those that occur during periodic short-lived sediment-reworking events, such as storms and tsunamis.
C1 [Freeman, Rebecca L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Dattilo, Benjamin F.; Blair, Michael] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Wayne, IN 46805 USA.
[Morse, Aaron] Ball State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Muncie, IN 47306 USA.
[Pojeta, John, Jr.] US Geol Survey, Dept Paleobiol, Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Freeman, RL (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
EM rebecca.freeman@uky.edu; dattilob@ipfw.edu; apmorse@bsu.edu;
pojetaj@si.edu
FU University of Kentucky College of Arts and Sciences; American Chemical
Society Petroleum Research Fund [50242-UNI8]
FX The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers provided access to the "Curse of
Rafinesquina" tombs study site. The Dry Dredgers of Cincinnati, Ohio and
the Cincinnati Museum Center helped with the excavation of the material.
Transylvania University Campus Security, Lexington, Kentucky provided
access to the tomb of Rafinesque. Freeman thanks the University of
Kentucky College of Arts and Sciences for a College Research Activity
Award and Peter Idstein of UK's Department of Earth and Environmental
Science for helpful discussion and support. Dattilo acknowledges support
by American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund Grant 50242-UNI8,
and thanks Chancellor Michael Wartell and Indiana University-Purdue
University Fort Wayne for transportation to the U.S. National Museum.
Kate Bulinski of Bellarmine University collected additional material at
a different outcrop. Bryan Utesch prepared many of the thin sections.
Parts of this work were carried out in the Argast Family Instrumentation
and Analysis Lab at IPFW. We thank Carlton Brett and two anonymous
reviewers, as well as two anonymous reviewers at the U.S. Geological
Survey, and editor John-Paul Zonneveld for helpful suggestions that
improved the manuscript. This paper is a contribution to the
International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) Project 591: The Early to
Middle Paleozoic Revolution.
NR 75
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU SEPM-SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
PI TULSA
PA 6128 EAST 38TH ST, STE 308, TULSA, OK 74135-5814 USA
SN 0883-1351
EI 1938-5323
J9 PALAIOS
JI Palaios
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 5-6
BP 359
EP 372
DI 10.2110/palo.2012.p12-094r
PG 14
WC Geology; Paleontology
SC Geology; Paleontology
GA 197NB
UT WOS:000322856800010
ER
PT J
AU Wickham, J
Wood, PB
Nicholson, MC
Jenkins, W
Druckenbrod, D
Suter, GW
Strager, MP
Mazzarella, C
Galloway, W
Amos, J
AF Wickham, James
Wood, Petra Bohall
Nicholson, Matthew C.
Jenkins, William
Druckenbrod, Daniel
Suter, Glenn W.
Strager, Michael P.
Mazzarella, Christine
Galloway, Walter
Amos, John
TI The Overlooked Terrestrial Impacts of Mountaintop Mining
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE disturbance ecology; land-use management; endangered species; fragmented
ecosystems; conservation
ID SOUTHERN WEST-VIRGINIA; COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; COAL SURFACE MINES;
HEADWATER STREAMS; FOREST; VEGETATION; USA; MORTALITY; PATTERNS;
KENTUCKY
AB Ecological research on mountaintop mining has been focused on aquatic impacts because the overburden (i.e., the mountaintop) is disposed of in nearby valleys, which leads to a wide range of water-quality impacts on streams. There are also numerous impacts on the terrestrial environment from mountaintop mining that have been largely overlooked, even though they are no less wide ranging, severe, and multifaceted. We review the impacts of mountaintop mining on the terrestrial environment by exploring six broad themes: (1) the loss of topographic complexity, (2) forest loss and fragmentation, (3) forest succession and soil loss, (4) forest loss and carbon sequestration, (5) biodiversity, and (6) human health and well-being.
C1 [Wickham, James] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Wood, Petra Bohall] W Virginia Univ, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Nicholson, Matthew C.; Jenkins, William; Mazzarella, Christine] US EPA, Philadelphia, PA USA.
[Druckenbrod, Daniel] Rider Univ, Dept Geol Environm & Marine Sci, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA.
[Suter, Glenn W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Strager, Michael P.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Galloway, Walter] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI USA.
[Amos, John] SkyTruth, Shepherdstown, WV USA.
RP Wickham, J (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM wickham.james@epa.gov
RI Druckenbrod, Daniel/L-4717-2013
FU US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Region III, at the Academy
of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia
FX This article was an outgrowth of a workshop on the terrestrial impacts
of mountaintop mining sponsored by the US Environmental Protection
Agency (USEPA), Region III, at the Academy of Natural Sciences in
Philadelphia, on 23-24 February 2011. The article has been reviewed by
the USEPA's Office of Research and Development and approved for
publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the
views of the USEPA. Calli Jenkerson, of the US Geological Survey,
provided the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data.
Use of trade names does not imply endorsement by the US government.
NR 62
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U1 7
U2 76
PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0006-3568
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 63
IS 5
BP 335
EP 348
DI 10.1525/bio.2013.63.5.7
PG 14
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 186ML
UT WOS:000322048500009
ER
PT J
AU Williamson, TN
Taylor, CJ
Newson, JK
AF Williamson, Tanja N.
Taylor, Charles J.
Newson, Jeremy K.
TI Significance of Exchanging SSURGO and STATSGO Data When Modeling
Hydrology in Diverse Physiographic Terranes
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; RUNOFF PRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES; CATCHMENT;
SIMILARITY; TOPMODEL; SCALE; FLOW; HYDROGRAPH; TOPOGRAPHY
AB The Water Availability Tool for Environmental Resources (WATER) is a TOPMODEL-based hydrologic model that depends on spatially accurate soils data to function in diverse terranes. In Kentucky, this includes mountainous regions, karstic plateau, and alluvial plains. Soils data are critical because they quantify the space to store water, as well as how water moves through the soil to the stream during storm events. We compared how the model performs using two different sources of soils data-Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO) and State Soil Geographic Database laboratory data (STATSGO)-for 21 basins ranging in size from 17 to 1564 km(2). Model results were consistently better when SSURGO data were used, likely due to the higher field capacity, porosity, and available-water holding capacity, which cause the model to store more soil-water in the landscape and improve streamflow estimates for both low-and high-flow conditions. In addition, there were significant differences in the conductivity multiplier and scaling parameter values that describe how water moves vertically and laterally, respectively, as quantified by TOPMODEL. We also evaluated whether partitioning areas that drain to streams via sinkholes in karstic basins as separate hydrologic modeling units (HMUs) improved model performance. There were significant differences between HMUs in properties that control soil-water storage in the model, although the effect of partitioning these HMUs on streamflow simulation was inconclusive.
C1 [Williamson, Tanja N.; Newson, Jeremy K.] US Geol Survey, Kentucky Water Sci Ctr, Louisville, KY 40299 USA.
[Taylor, Charles J.] Univ Kentucky, Kentucky Geol Survey, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
RP Williamson, TN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Kentucky Water Sci Ctr, 9818 Bluegrass Pkwy, Louisville, KY 40299 USA.
EM tnwillia@usgs.gov
NR 47
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U1 2
U2 11
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 3
BP 877
EP 889
DI 10.2136/sssaj2012.0069
PG 13
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 186YR
UT WOS:000322082400020
ER
PT J
AU Chen, H
Savage, PS
Teng, FZ
Helz, RT
Moynier, F
AF Chen, Heng
Savage, Paul S.
Teng, Fang-Zhen
Helz, Rosalind T.
Moynier, Frederic
TI Zinc isotope fractionation during magmatic differentiation and the
isotopic composition of the bulk Earth
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE zinc isotopes; magmatic differentiation; bulk silicate Earth; Kilauea
Iki; Hekla
ID IKI LAVA LAKE; KILAUEA IKI; BASALT DIFFERENTIATION; STABLE-ISOTOPES;
LUNAR-SAMPLES; HIGHER-PLANTS; MANTLE; IRON; ZN; VOLCANO
AB The zinc stable isotope system has been successfully applied to many and varied fields in geochemistry, but to date it is still not completely clear how this isotope system is affected by igneous processes. In order to evaluate the potential application of Zn isotopes as a proxy for planetary differentiation and volatile history, it is important to constrain the magnitude of Zn isotopic fractionation induced by magmatic differentiation. In this study we present high-precision Zn isotope analyses of two sets of chemically diverse, cogenetic samples from Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii, and Hekla volcano, Iceland, which both show clear evidence of having undergone variable and significant degrees of magmatic differentiation.
The Kilauea Iki samples display small but resolvable variations in Zn isotope composition (0.26 parts per thousand < delta Zn-66 < 0.36 parts per thousand; delta Zn-66 defined as the per mule deviation of a sample's Zn-66/Zn-64 compositional ratio from the JMC-Lyon standard), with the most differentiated lithologies exhibiting more positive delta Zn-66 values. This fractionation is likely a result of the crystallization of olivine and/or Fe-Ti oxides, which can both host Zn in their crystal structures. Samples from Hekla have a similar range of isotopic variation (0.22 parts per thousand < delta Zn-66 < 0.33 parts per thousand), however, the degree of fractionation caused by magmatic differentiation is less significant (only 0.07 parts per thousand) and no correlation between isotope composition and degree of differentiation is seen. We conclude that high temperature magmatic differentiation can cause Zn isotope fractionation that is resolvable at current levels of precision, but only in compositionally-evolved lithologies. With regards to primitive (ultramafic and basaltic) material, this signifies that the terrestrial mantle is essentially homogeneous with respect to Zn isotopes. Utilizing basaltic and ultramafic sample analyses, from different geologic settings, we estimate that the average Zn isotopic composition of Bulk Silicate Earth is delta Zn-66=0.28 +/- 0.05 parts per thousand (2s.d.). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Heng; Savage, Paul S.; Moynier, Frederic] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Chen, Heng; Savage, Paul S.; Moynier, Frederic] Washington Univ, McDonnell Ctr Space Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Teng, Fang-Zhen] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Helz, Rosalind T.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Chen, H (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
EM chenheng@levee.wustl.edu
FU NASA [NNX12AH70G]
FX Comments by two anonymous reviewers and Editor T. Mark Harrison greatly
improved the quality of the manuscript. We thank Julien Foriel for
maintaining the clean lab and the MC-ICP-MS facilities at Washington
University in St. Louis. This work was supported by NASA Cosmochemistry
program to Frederic Moynier (NNX12AH70G), and post-doctoral support was
provided by the McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences to Paul Savage.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 369
BP 34
EP 42
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.02.037
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 168CY
UT WOS:000320684500004
ER
PT J
AU Poirier, RK
Cronin, TM
Briggs, WM
Lockwood, R
AF Poirier, Robert K.
Cronin, Thomas M.
Briggs, William M., Jr.
Lockwood, Rowan
TI Central Arctic paleoceanography for the last 50 kyr based on ostracode
faunal assemblages (vol 88, pg 65, 2012)
SO MARINE MICROPALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Poirier, Robert K.; Cronin, Thomas M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Briggs, William M., Jr.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lockwood, Rowan] Coll William & Mary, Dept Geol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
RP Poirier, RK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS926A 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM rkpoir@udel.edu
NR 1
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U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-8398
J9 MAR MICROPALEONTOL
JI Mar. Micropaleontol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 101
BP 194
EP 194
DI 10.1016/j.marmicro.2012.08.001
PG 1
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 179QP
UT WOS:000321536700015
ER
PT J
AU Jung, HS
Lee, DT
Lu, Z
Won, JS
AF Jung, Hyung-Sup
Lee, Dong-Taek
Lu, Zhong
Won, Joong-Sun
TI Ionospheric Correction of SAR Interferograms by Multiple-Aperture
Interferometry
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS) Phased-Array-type L-band
Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR); interferometric synthetic aperture
radar (InSAR); ionospheric correction; ionospheric phase map;
multiple-aperture interferometry (MAI); synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
ID FARADAY-ROTATION; SURFACE DEFORMATION; BAND; SYSTEMS
AB Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a powerful technique that precisely measures surface deformations at a fine spatial resolution over a large area. However, the accuracy of this technique is sometimes compromised by ionospheric path delays on radar signals, particularly with L-and P-band SAR systems. To avoid ionospheric effects from being misinterpreted as ground displacement, it is necessary to detect and correct their contributions to interferograms. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for ionospheric measurement and correction and validate its theoretical and experimental performance. The proposed method exploits the linear relationship between the multiple-aperture interferometry phase and the azimuth derivative of the ionospheric phase. Theoretical analysis shows that a total electron content (TEC) accuracy of less than 1.0 x 10(-4) TEC units can be achieved when more than 100 neighboring samples can be averaged (multilooked), and the coherence is 0.5. The regression analysis between the interferometric phase and the topographic height shows that the root-mean-square error can be improved by a factor of two after ionospheric correction. A 2-D Fourier spectral analysis indicates that the ionospheric wave pattern in the uncorrected power spectrum has disappeared in the power spectrum of the corrected interferogram. These results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively remove ionospheric artifacts from an ionosphere-distorted InSAR image. Note that the method assumes that there is no appreciable surface displacement in the along-track dimension of the interferogram.
C1 [Jung, Hyung-Sup; Lee, Dong-Taek] Univ Seoul, Dept Geoinfomat, Seoul 130743, South Korea.
[Lu, Zhong] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Won, Joong-Sun] Yonsei Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
RP Jung, HS (reprint author), Univ Seoul, Dept Geoinfomat, Seoul 130743, South Korea.
EM hsjung@uos.ac.kr; leedt@korea.kr; lu@usgs.gov; jswon@yonsei.ac.kr
OI Jung, Hyung-Sup/0000-0003-2335-8438
FU Space Core Technology Development Program through the National Research
Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
[2012M1A3A3A02033465]; State-of-the-Art Remote Sensing Technology
Development of Disaster Management Research Program; National Disaster
Management Institute [NDMI-M-2012-09]
FX Manuscript received May 1, 2012; revised July 9, 2012; accepted
September 7, 2012. Date of publication November 16, 2012; date of
current version April 18, 2013. This work was supported in part by the
Space Core Technology Development Program through the National Research
Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and
Technology under Grant 2012M1A3A3A02033465 and in part by the
State-of-the-Art Remote Sensing Technology Development of Disaster
Management Research Program funded by the National Disaster Management
Institute under Grant NDMI-M-2012-09.
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PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 5
BP 3191
EP 3199
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2218660
PN 2
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 171OY
UT WOS:000320940000023
ER
PT J
AU VanLandeghem, MM
Farooqi, M
Farquhar, B
Patino, R
AF VanLandeghem, Matthew M.
Farooqi, Mukhtar
Farquhar, Bobby
Patino, Reynaldo
TI Impacts of Golden Alga Prymnesium parvum on Fish Populations in
Reservoirs of the Upper Colorado River and Brazos River Basins, Texas
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; EARLY-LIFE HISTORY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CYANOBACTERIAL
BLOOMS; FLOW MANAGEMENT; RED TIDE; EUTROPHICATION; PERSPECTIVE;
BONFERRONI; AUSTRALIA
AB Several reservoirs in the upper Colorado River and Brazos River basins in Texas have experienced toxic blooms of golden alga Prymnesium parvum and associated fish kills since 2001. There is a paucity of information, however, regarding the population-level effects of such kills in large reservoirs, species-specific resistance to or recovery from kills, or potential differences in the patterns of impacts among basins. We used multiple before-after, control-impact analysis to determine whether repeated golden alga blooms have led to declines in the relative abundance and size structure of fish populations. Sustained declines were noted for 9 of 12 fish species surveyed in the upper Colorado River, whereas only one of eight species was impacted by golden alga in the Brazos River. In the upper Colorado River, White Bass Morone chrysops, White Crappie Pomoxis annularis, Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides, Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus, River Carpsucker Carpiodes carpio, Freshwater Drum Aplodinotus grunniens, Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus, Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris, and Blue Catfish I. furcatus exhibited sustained declines in relative abundance, size structure, or both; Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum, Longnose Gar Lepisosteus osseus, and Common Carp Cyprinus carpio did not exhibit those declines. In the Brazos River, only the relative abundance of Blue Catfish was impacted. Overall, toxic golden alga blooms can negatively impact fish populations over the long-term, but the patterns of impact can vary considerably among river basins and species. In the Brazos River, populations of most fish species appear to be healthy, suggesting a positive angling outlook for this basin. In the upper Colorado River, fish populations have been severely impacted, and angling opportunities have been reduced. Basin-specific management plans aimed at improving water quality and quantity will likely reduce bloom intensity and allow recovery of fish populations to the abundances and size structures present before golden alga. Received August 26, 2011; accepted November 25, 2012
C1 [VanLandeghem, Matthew M.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[VanLandeghem, Matthew M.] Texas Tech Univ, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Farooqi, Mukhtar; Farquhar, Bobby] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, San Angelo, TX 79603 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP VanLandeghem, MM (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Agr Sci Room 218,15th & Boston, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM matt.vanlandeghem@ttu.edu
FU ATT Corporation; U.S. Geological Survey's National Climate Change and
Wildlife Science Center; Texas Tech University; Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department; U.S. Geological Survey; Wildlife Management Institute; U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service
FX The authors thank all of the TPWD field crews and managers who collected
the data used in this study. Danny Lewis (TPWD) was instrumental in
retrieving archived survey data. A. Barkoh, P. Bettoli, R. Betsill, and
T. Grabowski, as well as three anonymous journal reviewers provided
helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. The AT&T
Corporation provided a graduate scholarship to M. M. V. Funding for this
study was in part provided by a grant from the U.S. Geological Survey's
National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center. The Texas
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by
Texas Tech University, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, U.S.
Geological Survey, Wildlife Management Institute, and U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service. Use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 3
BP 581
EP 595
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.754786
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 167OV
UT WOS:000320642200001
ER
PT J
AU Miranda, LE
Killgore, KJ
Hoover, JJ
AF Miranda, L. E.
Killgore, K. J.
Hoover, J. J.
TI Fish Assemblages in Borrow-Pit Lakes of the Lower Mississippi River
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID FLOODPLAIN ECOSYSTEMS; AQUATIC HABITATS; CONNECTIVITY; REPRODUCTION;
SYSTEM; RECRUITMENT; MANAGEMENT; AUSTRIA; RHINE; PONDS
AB Borrow-pit lakes encompass about a third of the lentic water habitats (by area) in the active floodplain of the Lower Mississippi River, yet little is known about their fish assemblages. We investigated whether fish assemblages supported by borrow-pit lakes resembled those in oxbow lakes to help place the ecological relevance of borrow-pit lakes in context with that of natural floodplain lakes. In all, we collected 75 fish species, including 65 species in eight borrow-pit lakes, 52 species in four riverside oxbow lakes, and 44 species in eight landside oxbow lakes. Significant differences in several species richness metrics were evident between borrow-pit lakes and landside oxbow lakes but not between borrow-pit lakes and riverside oxbow lakes. All three lake types differed in fish assemblage composition. Borrow-pit lakes and riverside oxbow lakes tended to include a greater representation of fish species that require access to diverse environments, including lentic, lotic, and palustrine habitats; fish assemblages in landside oxbow lakes included a higher representation of lacustrine species. None of the fish species collected in borrow-pit lakes was federally listed as threatened or endangered, but several were listed as species of special concern by state governments in the region, suggesting that borrow-pit lakes provide habitat for sensitive riverine and wetland fish species. Differences in fish assemblages among borrow-pit lakes were linked to engineered morphologic features, suggesting that diversity in engineering can contribute to diversity in fish assemblages; however, more research is needed to match engineering designs with fish assemblage structures that best meet conservation needs. Received September 21, 2012; accepted December 17, 2012
C1 [Miranda, L. E.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Killgore, K. J.; Hoover, J. J.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
RP Miranda, LE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM smiranda@usgs.gov
FU USACE Mississippi Valley Division; ERDC Ecosystem Management and
Restoration Research Program
FX Selection and access to borrow-pit lakes were facilitated by the
following personnel of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)
Vicksburg District and USACE Memphis District: M. Cannon, S. McLean, L.
Hartzog, E. Lambert, K. Parrish, S. Reed, G. Williams, and G. Young.
Assistance with field sampling was provided by U.S. Army Engineer
Research and Development Center (ERDC) personnel, including R. Adams, S.
George, S. Harrel, J. Kirk, B. Lewis, J. Morrow, C. Murphy, T. Robinson,
and L. Sanders. Assistance in the field and with identification and
curation of juvenile and adult fishes was provided by N. Douglas
(University of Louisiana, Monroe). Funding for borrow-pit sampling was
provided by the USACE Mississippi Valley Division and the ERDC Ecosystem
Management and Restoration Research Program. B. Alford (Louisiana
Department of Wildlife and Fisheries) and G. Lucas (Mississippi
Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks) facilitated the oxbow
lakes data. The use of trade names or products does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 3
BP 596
EP 605
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.760486
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 167OV
UT WOS:000320642200002
ER
PT J
AU Haskell, CA
Tiffan, KF
Rondorf, DW
AF Haskell, Craig A.
Tiffan, Kenneth F.
Rondorf, Dennis W.
TI The Effects of Juvenile American Shad Planktivory on Zooplankton
Production in Columbia River Food Webs
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SIZE-EFFICIENCY HYPOTHESIS; FISH DAILY RATION; CHINOOK SALMON;
ALOSA-SAPIDISSIMA; GASTRIC EVACUATION; NEOMYSIS-MERCEDIS; LAKE-ONTARIO;
BODY-SIZE; SEASONAL SUCCESSION; BIOENERGETICS MODEL
AB Columbia River reservoirs support a large population of nonnative American Shad Alosa sapidissima that consume the zooplankton that native fishes also rely on. We hypothesized that the unprecedented biomass of juvenile American Shad in John Day Reservoir is capable of altering the zooplankton community if these fish consume a large portion of the zooplankton production. We derived taxon-specific estimates of zooplankton production using field data and a production model from the literature. Empirical daily ration was estimated for American Shad and expanded to population-level consumption using abundance and biomass data from hydroacoustic surveys. Daphnia spp. production was high in early summer but declined to near zero by September as shad abundance increased. American Shad sequentially consumed Daphnia spp., copepods, and Bosmina spp., which tracked the production trends of these taxa. American Shad evacuation rates ranged from 0.09 to 0.24/h, and daily rations ranged from 0.008 to 0.045gg(-1)d(-1) (dry weight) over all years. We observed peak American Shad biomass (45.2kg/ha) in 1994, and daily consumption (1.6kg/ha) approached 30% (5.3kg/ha) of zooplankton production. On average, American Shad consumed 23.6% of the available zooplankton production (range, <1-83%). The changes in the zooplankton community are consistent with a top-down effect of planktivory by American Shad associated with their unprecedented biomass and consumption, but the effects are likely constrained by temperature, nutrient flux, and the seasonal production patterns of zooplankton in John Day Reservoir. American Shad add to the planktivory exerted by other species like Neomysis mercedis to reduce the capacity of the reservoir to support other planktivorous fishes. The introduction of American Shad and other nonnative species will continue to alter the food web in John Day Reservoir, potentially affecting native fishes, including Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. Received March 9, 2012; accepted September 4, 2012
C1 [Haskell, Craig A.; Tiffan, Kenneth F.; Rondorf, Dennis W.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Haskell, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM chaskell@usgs.gov
OI Tiffan, Kenneth/0000-0002-5831-2846
FU Bonneville Power Administration [DE-AI79-91BP21708]; USGS, Western
Fisheries Research Center
FX We thank many of our colleagues at the Columbia River Research
Laboratory for their assistance, particularly Dan Feil, Wayne
Nelson-Stastny, Kevin Kappenman, Mike Hanks, and Lynne Casal. We also
thank Michael Mazur of the University of Washington for assistance in
developing zooplankton production estimates. Funding for this work was
provided by the Bonneville Power Administration under contract
DE-AI79-91BP21708 administered by Debbie Docherty and by the USGS,
Western Fisheries Research Center. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 3
BP 606
EP 620
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.728164
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 167OV
UT WOS:000320642200003
ER
PT J
AU Boone, SS
Hernandez, SM
Camus, AC
Peterson, DL
Jennings, CA
Shelton, JL
Divers, SJ
AF Boone, S. Shaun
Hernandez, Sonia M.
Camus, Alvin C.
Peterson, Douglas L.
Jennings, Cecil A.
Shelton, James L.
Divers, Stephen J.
TI Evaluation of Four Suture Materials for Surgical Incision Closure in
Siberian Sturgeon
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TELEMETRY TRANSMITTERS; TISSUE-REACTIONS; IMPLANTATION; FISH; GROWTH;
ATTACHMENT; SURVIVAL; SURGEON; TROUT; SKIN
AB The visual and microscopic tissue reactions to the absorbable monofilament Monocryl, absorbable monofilament triclosan-coated Monocryl-Plus, absorbable multifilament Vicryl, and nonabsorbable monofilament Prolene were evaluated for their use of surgical closure in Siberian Sturgeon Acipenser baerii. Postoperative assessments were conducted at 1, 2, 8, 12, and 26 and 55 weeks to visually evaluate the surgical incision for suture retention, incision healing, erythema, and swelling. Incisions were also assessed microscopically at 1, 2, and 8 weeks for necrosis, inflammation, hemorrhage, and fibroplasia. The results indicated that incisions closed with either Vicryl or Prolene suture materials were more likely to exhibit more erythema or incomplete healing compared with those closed with Monocryl or Monocryl-Plus. The surgical implantation of a transmitter in the coelomic cavity did not significantly affect the response variables among the four suture materials. Monocryl or Monocryl-Plus were equally effective and superior to other suture materials used for closing surgical incisions in Siberian Sturgeon or closely related species of sturgeon. Furthermore, Monocryl or Monocryl-Plus may decrease the risk of transmitter expulsion through the incision, as surgical wounds appear to heal faster and exhibit less erythema compared with those closed with Vicryl. Received September 30, 2012; accepted December 31, 2012
C1 [Boone, S. Shaun; Hernandez, Sonia M.; Peterson, Douglas L.; Shelton, James L.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Hernandez, Sonia M.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Camus, Alvin C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Jennings, Cecil A.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Divers, Stephen J.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Med & Surg Zool Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Hernandez, SM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM shernz@uga.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural
Resources; Georgia Department of Natural Resources; University of
Georgia; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This investigation was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
the Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources. We thank the
numerous graduate and veterinary students at the University of Georgia
who provided technical assistance. The authors thank Novartis Animal
Health for generously providing the Ethicon suture materials used in
this project. The Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
sponsored jointly by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, the
University of Georgia, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the U.S.
Geological Survey. The mention of commercial or trade names does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
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BP 649
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DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.763857
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SC Fisheries
GA 167OV
UT WOS:000320642200007
ER
PT J
AU Al-Chokhachy, R
Wenger, SJ
Isaak, DJ
Kershner, JL
AF Al-Chokhachy, Robert
Wenger, Seth J.
Isaak, Daniel J.
Kershner, Jeffrey L.
TI Characterizing the Thermal Suitability of Instream Habitat for
Salmonids: A Cautionary Example from the Rocky Mountains
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTSLOPE CUTTHROAT TROUT; COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; BULL TROUT;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; BROWN TROUT; WATER TEMPERATURE; BROOK TROUT; STREAM
TEMPERATURES; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; GROWTH
AB Understanding a species' thermal niche is becoming increasingly important for management and conservation within the context of global climate change, yet there have been surprisingly few efforts to compare assessments of a species' thermal niche across methods. To address this uncertainty, we evaluated the differences in model performance and interpretations of a species' thermal niche when using different measures of stream temperature and surrogates for stream temperature. Specifically, we used a logistic regression modeling framework with three different indicators of stream thermal conditions (elevation, air temperature, and stream temperature) referenced to a common set of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis distribution data from the Boise River basin, Idaho. We hypothesized that stream temperature predictions that were contemporaneous with fish distribution data would have stronger predictive performance than composite measures of stream temperature or any surrogates for stream temperature. Across the different indicators of thermal conditions, the highest measure of accuracy was found for the model based on stream temperature predictions that were contemporaneous with fish distribution data (percent correctly classified = 71%). We found considerable differences in inferences across models, with up to 43% disagreement in the amount of stream habitat that was predicted to be suitable. The differences in performance between models support the growing efforts in many areas to develop accurate stream temperature models for investigations of species' thermal niches. Received November 2, 2011; accepted February 15, 2013
C1 [Al-Chokhachy, Robert; Kershner, Jeffrey L.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Wenger, Seth J.] Trout Unltd, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Isaak, Daniel J.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
RP Al-Chokhachy, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov
FU USGS Mendenhall Fellowship Program; USGS [G09AC0050]
FX Funding for R. Al-Chokhachy was provided in part through the USGS
Mendenhall Fellowship Program. S. Wenger was funded by USGS Grant
G09AC0050. We thank Kevin Meyer (Idaho Department of Fish and Game),
Gwynne Chandler (U.S. Forest Service [USFS]), John Chatel (USFS), and
Mike Kellett (USFS) for fish distribution data assistance and A. White
(USGS) for GIS assistance. This manuscript was greatly improved by
suggestions from three anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 142
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BP 793
EP 801
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.778900
PG 9
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SC Fisheries
GA 167OV
UT WOS:000320642200019
ER
PT J
AU Shepard, BB
Taper, ML
Zale, AV
AF Shepard, Bradley B.
Taper, Mark L.
Zale, Alexander V.
TI Improved Variance Estimates of Biomass for Stream-Dwelling Fish
Calculated Using Removal Estimators
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CAPTURE EFFICIENCY; ATLANTIC SALMON; CUTTHROAT TROUT; MARK-RECAPTURE;
LAKE-MICHIGAN; ABUNDANCE; SIZE; MOVEMENT; HABITAT; POPULATIONS
AB Total biomass of fish populations has traditionally been computed by multiplying the mean weight of captured fish by the estimated abundance of fish. The variance estimator for this method overestimates variance when a moderate to large portion of the population is sampled. We developed and evaluated finite population correction (FPC) methods for estimating fish biomass in small streams (<5m wetted width) in conjunction with removal population estimators. Using simulated data we found that removal estimates could deviate by more than 50% from true population abundances and be biased when the ratio of total captured fish to the estimated abundance was less than 0.6. These deviations were generally not biased and within 25% of the true population when the ratio was 0.6 or higher. To estimate biomass using FPC methods we investigated a classical a priori sample design and an a posteriori modeled estimator. Both methods take advantage of the fact that relatively high proportions of total populations are typically captured (and can be weighed) in small streams during removal estimates. The a posteriori model-based method can be used to partition estimates of variance and incorporate measurement error, but the a priori design cannot. Estimates of biomass using all three methods were identical. However, precision of FPC methods was significantly better (Wilcoxon paired sign-ranked test: P < 0.001) than the traditional method. Coverage by 95% confidence intervals for the model-based FPC method were much closer to the 95% nominal level than for the traditional method, especially when capture probabilities were higher than 0.5. We recommend using the model-based FPC method because it reduces estimates of SE as the sample size (n) approaches the population size (N) and it provides the most reliable 95% confidence intervals. Received September 20, 2012; accepted January 18, 2013
C1 [Shepard, Bradley B.; Taper, Mark L.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Shepard, Bradley B.] Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Parks, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Zale, Alexander V.] Montana State Univ, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Zale, Alexander V.] Montana State Univ, Fish & Wildlife Management Program, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Shepard, BB (reprint author), Wildlife Conservat Soc, 110 North Willson, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM shepard.brad@gmail.com
FU Wild Fish Habitat Initiative through the Montana University System Water
Center; Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks; Western Division
of the American Fisheries Society's Magnuson Scholarship; Montana's
State Wildlife Initiative Grant through Montana Fish, Wildlife and
Parks; National Science Foundation [DEB 0717456]; American Fisheries
Society Hutton Scholarship program
FX This research was done as part of B. Shepard's PhD dissertation. Gary
Nelson kindly assisted by providing early updates for the "deplet"
function in his "fishmethods" package for the R statistical program and
helped B. Shepard incorporate these updates into his R simulation
package. This research was supported by the Wild Fish Habitat Initiative
through the Montana University System Water Center, and we thank G. Rupp
and the staff at the Water Center for their support. B. Shepard received
additional support from the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and
Parks, the Western Division of the American Fisheries Society's Magnuson
Scholarship, and Montana's State Wildlife Initiative Grant through
Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks. B. Shepard and M. Taper also received
support from a National Science Foundation grant (DEB 0717456). Numerous
biologists, field-workers, and volunteers from Montana State University,
Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, the U.S. Department of Agriculture
Forest Service, U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land
Management, Montana Conservation Corps, and the American Fisheries
Society Hutton Scholarship program assisted with fieldwork. We
especially thank D. Goodman, B. Gresswell, S. Cherry, D. Skaar, O.
Stein, and Steve Cherry for their technical, editorial, and statistical
assistance that greatly improved this paper. J. Dunham and D. Peterson
reviewed an early draft of this manuscript, and D. Aday and two
anonymous reviewers reviewed and improved the final draft.
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PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 1
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VL 142
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DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.769900
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UT WOS:000320642200024
ER
PT J
AU Hansen, AG
Beauchamp, DA
Schoen, ER
AF Hansen, Adam G.
Beauchamp, David A.
Schoen, Erik R.
TI Visual Prey Detection Responses of Piscivorous Trout and Salmon: Effects
of Light,Turbidity,and Prey Size
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID JUVENILE PACIFIC SALMON; DIEL VERTICAL MIGRATION; COLUMBIA RIVER PLUME;
COD GADUS-MORHUA; CUTTHROAT TROUT; CHINOOK SALMON; LAKE TROUT;
PUGET-SOUND; PLANKTIVOROUS FISH; ONTOGENIC SHIFTS
AB Visual foraging models provide a useful framework for predicting distribution,foraging success,and predation risk in pelagic communities; however,the visual prey detection capabilities of different predator species within and among taxonomic groups have not been sufficiently evaluated. Our primary objective was to more adequately characterize variation in the reaction distances of piscivorous salmonids by evaluating important anadromous taxa. We measured reaction distances of yearling Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and adult Coastal Cutthroat Trout O. clarkii clarkii to fish prey over a range of prey sizes and ecologically relevant light and turbidity levels. Reaction distances of Coastal Cutthroat Trout increased rapidly with increasing light intensity (lx) and attained an average maximum of 187.1 cm above a light threshold of 18.0 lx. Reaction distances of Chinook Salmon increased at a slower rate to a maximum of 122.1 cm above a light threshold of 24.9 lx,declined exponentially with turbidity beyond a threshold of 1.65 NTU,and declined for prey sizes less than 50 mm FL. Reaction distances of Coastal Cutthroat Trout were consistently higher than those of Chinook Salmon across all light levels; this difference could not be attributed to the greater FLs of the Coastal Cutthroat Trout. Results from this and previous studies show that the functional form of reaction distance is similar across piscivorous salmonid species and life stages,but the magnitude of the response can vary considerably. Therefore,to adequately predict the strength of predation effects in pelagic communities,species- and life-stage-specific responses must be considered. Received August 17, 2012; accepted March 11, 2013
C1 [Hansen, Adam G.; Schoen, Erik R.] Univ Washington, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Beauchamp, David A.] Univ Washington, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Hansen, AG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM aghans@uw.edu
OI Schoen, Erik/0000-0001-8301-6419
FU School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington; U.S.
Geological Survey; University of Washington; Washington Department of
Ecology; WDFW; Washington Department of Natural Resources; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service; Wildlife Institute
FX We thank Dave Rose and Megan Gima (aquatic laboratory managers at the
Big Beef Creek Field Station) for their assistance throughout the
project; WDFW crews at Eells Springs Hatchery and Hoodsport Hatchery for
help in obtaining experimental fish; Kristi Morgansen and Nathan Powel
(Nonlinear Dynamics and Control Laboratory, University of Washington)
for assistance with the implementation of their video acquisition
software; Kale Bentley for valuable guidance in coding statistical
models in R; and Andrij Horodysky for graciously providing his data on
the spectral sensitivity of Bluefish and Striped Bass (i.e., in Figure
1). Funding for this work was provided by the Claire L. and Evelyn S.
Egtvedt Fellowship, the Gerald J. Paulik Memorial Fund, and the
Fisheries Graduate Fund to A. Hansen and the Worthington Endowed
Professorship to D. Beauchamp; all of these funding sources were granted
by the School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington.
The Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, University of Washington,
Washington Department of Ecology, WDFW, Washington Department of Natural
Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Wildlife Institute. The
use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 142
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BP 854
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DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.785978
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SC Fisheries
GA 167OV
UT WOS:000320642200025
ER
PT J
AU Loomis, JH
Schramm, HL
Vondracek, B
Gerard, PD
Chizinski, CJ
AF Loomis, John H.
Schramm, Harold L., Jr.
Vondracek, Bruce
Gerard, Patrick D.
Chizinski, Christopher J.
TI Effects of Simulated Angler Capture and Live-Release Tournaments on
Walleye Survival
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGEMOUTH BASS; ANGLING TOURNAMENTS; MORTALITY; CAUGHT; MANAGEMENT;
WATERS; CONSERVATION; TEMPERATURE; CONFINEMENT; POPULATIONS
AB We examined the effects of acclimation water temperature,live-well (LW) water temperature,and LW dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration on survival of adult Walleyes Sander vitreus subjected to simulated tournament conditions (angling,LW confinement,and weigh-in procedures) under controlled laboratory conditions. We tested three acclimation temperatures (12,18,and 24 degrees C),and three LW temperature differentials (T = -4,0,and +4 degrees C) were tested at each acclimation temperature. Survival was monitored after 8h of LW confinement and during a 5-d retention period in 1,700-L tanks. None of the Walleyes that were acclimated to 24 degrees C and subjected to simulated tournament procedures survived the 5-d retention period; for fish subjected only to simulated angling at 24 degrees C,survival during the 5-d retention period was 29%. Five-day survival was generally over 70% at acclimation temperatures of 12 degrees C and 18 degrees C,and we observed a significant interaction between acclimation temperature and T; survival was greatest in LWs at -4 degrees C T for fish acclimated to 18 degrees C and in LWs at +4 degrees C T for fish acclimated to 12 degrees C. Best survival of Walleyes subjected to the stress of angling and tournament procedures was obtained at temperatures 6-8 degrees C below the optimum temperature for adult Walleyes (i.e.,optimum = 20-22 degrees C). Five-day survival exceeded 70% when LW DO was 5 or 12-15mg/L (at an acclimation and LW temperature of 18 degrees C),but survival was 0% when DO was 2mg/L. Anglers may increase survival of Walleyes through careful manipulation of LW temperature and DO when ambient temperature is at or below 18 degrees C,but high mortality of angled and LW-retained Walleyes should be expected when ambient water temperatures are 24 degrees C or greater.
C1 [Loomis, John H.; Chizinski, Christopher J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Schramm, Harold L., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39759 USA.
[Vondracek, Bruce] Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39759 USA.
[Gerard, Patrick D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Schramm, HL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mail Stop 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39759 USA.
EM hschramm@cfr.msstate.edu
OI Chizinski, Christopher/0000-0001-9294-2588
FU FLW Outdoors; Iowa Department of Natural Resources; Michigan Department
of Natural Resources; MNDNR; South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and
Parks; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS) Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; USGS
Mississippi Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
FX This project benefited from the contributions of numerous individuals.
Personnel from the MNDNR collected and transported Walleyes for the
project. Funding for the study was provided by FLW Outdoors; the Iowa
Department of Natural Resources; the Michigan Department of Natural
Resources; MNDNR; the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks;
the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; the U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS) Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; and
the USGS Mississippi Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. We are
grateful to Shaun Killen and Cory Suski for improving earlier drafts of
this manuscript. We thank FLW Outdoors for supplying fish transport bags
and perforated weigh-in boxes, and we thank Ranger Boats for supplying
the LWs. This research was conducted in compliance with animal use
practices of the University of Minnesota (Protocol Number 0504A69169).
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The views
and conclusions in this article represent the views solely of the
authors from the USGS but do represent the views of the USGS.
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JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 3
BP 868
EP 875
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.785979
PG 8
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SC Fisheries
GA 167OV
UT WOS:000320642200026
ER
PT J
AU Hart, KM
Zawada, DG
Fujisaki, I
Lidz, BH
AF Hart, Kristen M.
Zawada, David G.
Fujisaki, Ikuko
Lidz, Barbara H.
TI Habitat use of breeding green turtles Chelonia mydas tagged in Dry
Tortugas National Park: Making use of local and regional MPAs
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Benthic cover; Chelonia mydas; Fixed kernel-density estimator; Marine
protected area (MPA); Satellite telemetry; Turtle
ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; HOME-RANGE ESTIMATORS; CENTRAL NORTH PACIFIC;
INTER-NESTING PERIOD; SEA-TURTLES; SATELLITE TELEMETRY; LEATHERBACK
TURTLES; ASCENSION-ISLAND; DERMOCHELYS-CORIACEA; CONSERVATION
IMPLICATIONS
AB Use of existing marine protected areas (MPAs) by far-ranging marine turtles can be determined using satellite telemetry. Because of a lack of information on MPA use by marine turtles in the Gulf of Mexico, we used satellite transmitters in 2010 and 2011 to track movements of 11 adult female breeding green turtles (Chelonia mydas) tagged in Dry Tortugas National Park (DRTO), in the Gulf of Mexico, south Florida, USA. Throughout the study period, turtles emerged every 9-18 days to nest. During the intervals between nesting episodes (i.e., inter-nesting periods), the turtles consistently used a common core-area within the DRTO boundary, determined using individual 50% kernel-density estimates (KDEs). We mapped the area in DRTO where individual turtle 50% KDEs overlapped using the USGS Along-Track Reef-Imaging System, and determined the diversity and distribution of various benthic-cover types within the mapped area. We also tracked turtles post-nesting as they transited to foraging sites 5-282 km away from tagging beaches; these sites were located both within DRTO and in the surrounding area of the Florida Keys and Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS), a regional MPA. Year-round residency of 9 out of 11 individuals (82%) both within DRTO and in the FKNMS represents novel non-migratory behavior, which offers an opportunity for conservation of this imperiled species at both local and regional scales. These data comprise the first satellite-tracking results on adult nesting green turtles at this remote study site. Additional tracking could reveal whether the distinct inter-nesting and foraging sites delineated here will be repeatedly used in the future by these and other breeding green turtles. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Hart, Kristen M.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Zawada, David G.; Lidz, Barbara H.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Fujisaki, Ikuko] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
RP Hart, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
EM kristen_hart@usgs.gov; dzawada@usgs.gov; ikuko@ufl.edu; blidz@usgs.gov
FU USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program; USGS Priority Ecosystem Studies
Program; US National Park Service; DRTO
FX The USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program, USGS Priority Ecosystem
Studies Program, and the US National Park Service provided funding for
this project. We are indebted to Captains C. "Blue" Douglass, J.
Douglass, and J. Spade of the National Park Service (NPS) for their
assistance and lodging aboard the M/V Fort Jefferson. We acknowledge T.
Gottshall, K. Nimmo, and T. Ziegler for their general project assistance
and support at DRTO. We thank A. Brame, A Sartain, B. Ackourey, M.
Cherkiss, G. Hill, B. Jeffery, I. Kuffner, E. Larrivee, K. Ludwig, B.
Reynolds, P. Thompson, and W. Wright for help with ATRIS and/or
catching, tagging, and sampling turtles. We recognize M. Lamont and A.
Sartain for providing constructive feedback on an earlier version of
this manuscript, and we thank A. Sartain for assistance in creating
figures showing protected areas and in formatting references. All
research on green turtles was conducted according to institutional and
animal care protocols, and was authorized by Dry Tortugas Scientific
Research Permits DRTO-2008-SCI-0008 and DRTO-2010-SCI-0009, and State of
Florida Marine Turtle Permit 176 issued to K. Hart. ATRIS work was
permitted under Dry Tortugas Scientific Research Permit
DRTO-2009-SCI-0005 issued to D. Zawada. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 161
BP 142
EP 154
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.03.019
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 164NY
UT WOS:000320418000015
ER
PT J
AU Kubo, JS
Torgersen, CE
Bolton, SM
Weekes, AA
Gara, RI
AF Kubo, Joshua S.
Torgersen, Christian E.
Bolton, Susan M.
Weekes, Anne A.
Gara, Robert I.
TI Aquatic insect assemblages associated with subalpine stream segment
types in relict glaciated headwaters
SO INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aquatic biomonitoring; aquatic insect assemblages; beta diversity;
headwater stream types; subalpine headwaters
ID MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; MOUNTAIN DRAINAGE BASINS;
BETA-DIVERSITY; RIVER SYSTEMS; SHRINKING GLACIERS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAKE
OUTLETS; ECOLOGY; BIODIVERSITY; GRADIENTS
AB Aquatic habitats and biotic assemblages in subalpine headwaters are sensitive to climate and human impacts. Understanding biotic responses to such perturbations and the contribution of high-elevation headwaters to riverine biodiversity requires the assessment of assemblage composition among habitat types. We compared aquatic insect assemblages among headwater stream segment types in relict glaciated subalpine basins in Mt. Rainier National Park, Washington, USA. Aquatic insects were collected during summer and autumn in three headwater basins. In each basin, three different stream segment types were sampled: colluvial groundwater sources, alluvial lake inlets, and cascade-bedrock lake outlets. Ward's hierarchical cluster analysis revealed high diversity in aquatic insect assemblages, and non-metric multidimensional scaling indicated that spatial and temporal patterns in assemblage composition differed among headwater stream segment types. Aquatic insect assemblages showed more fidelity to stream segment types than to individual basins, and the principal environmental variables associated with assemblage structure were temperature and substrate. Indicator species analyses identified specific aquatic insects associated with each stream segment type. Several rare and potentially endemic aquatic insect taxa were present, including the recently described species, Lednia borealis (Baumann and Kondratieff). Our results indicate that aquatic insect assemblages in relict glaciated subalpine headwaters were strongly differentiated among stream segment types. These results illustrate the contribution of headwaters to riverine biodiversity and emphasise the importance of these habitats for monitoring biotic responses to climate change. Monitoring biotic assemblages in high-elevation headwaters is needed to prevent the potential loss of unique and sensitive biota.
C1 [Kubo, Joshua S.; Bolton, Susan M.; Gara, Robert I.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Kubo, Joshua S.; Torgersen, Christian E.; Weekes, Anne A.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Cascadia Field Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Kubo, JS (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, POB 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM joshkubo@u.washington.edu
FU USGS Natural Resource Preservation Program; USGS Youth Internship
Program
FX We are grateful to Robert Wisseman and Boris Kondratieff for help with
insect identification and manuscript review. We also thank Barbara
Samora and the staff at Mt. Rainier National Park for providing permits
and allowing site access. Special thanks to Julian Olden for
consultation in the multivariate analyses, and to Audrey Taylor, Scott
Miller, Fabio Lepori, Yoshitaka Tsubaki, and four anonymous reviewers
for their constructive comments that significantly improved the quality
of this manuscript. Partial funding was provided by the USGS Natural
Resource Preservation Program and the USGS Youth Internship Program. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 68
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U1 2
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1752-458X
EI 1752-4598
J9 INSECT CONSERV DIVER
JI Insect. Conserv. Divers.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 3
BP 422
EP 434
DI 10.1111/j.1752-4598.2012.00210.x
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology
GA 150QR
UT WOS:000319406400022
ER
PT J
AU Van Hoose, AE
Streck, MJ
Pallister, JS
Walle, M
AF Van Hoose, Ashley E.
Streck, Martin J.
Pallister, John S.
Waelle, Markus
TI Sulfur evolution of the 1991 Pinatubo magmas based on apatite
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Apatite; Sulfur; Mount Pinatubo; "Excess" sulfur; Sulfur-rich fluids;
LA-ICP-MS; Electron microprobe
ID ELECTRON-MICROPROBE ANALYSIS; MOUNT-PINATUBO; VOLCANIC-ERUPTIONS;
CLIMACTIC ERUPTION; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; OXIDATION-STATE; BASALTIC MELTS;
RICH APATITE; DACITE MAGMA; JUNE 15
AB Using electron microprobe (EMP) and laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to collect major and rare-earth elements (REE), respectively, from apatites from the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo juvenile eruption products, we have determined that two statistically distinct populations of apatite exist. One population crystallized from the juvenile basaltic melt (basalt apatites) and the other population crystallized from the main dacitic magma body (silicic apatites). Both populations contain high-S apatites (>0.7 wt.% SO3). Apatite has previously been shown to be a potential monitor for magmatic sulfur contents via numerous proposed coupled substitutions of P5+ for S6+. However, simple apatite/melt partitioning cannot account for high-S silicic apatites, which grew from a silicic melt with an apparent maximum S concentration of similar to 80 ppm. Disparate apatite morphology (i.e. skeletal and acicular for basalt apatites and euhedral for silicic apatites) as well as compositional evidence reveal that high-S silicic apatites were not inherited from the juvenile basalt during mingling/mixing prior to eruption. Sulfur gain from neighboring anhydrite phenocrysts can also be ruled-out as a source of high sulfur. EMP sulfur mapping of silicic apatites shows highly irregular patterns of sulfur enrichment that do not correspond with adjacent anhydrite and can be found within apatites hosted by other minerals (e.g. hornblende and Fe-Ti oxides). With these data in mind, we propose high-S silicic apatites from Pinatubo and other sulfur-rich systems achieved elevated sulfur concentrations during high sulfur fluxing events that originated from underplated basalt during degassing of a SO2-rich fluid phase. That basalts were indeed sulfur rich and oxidized is here indicated by high S contents of apatites growing in basalt. The predominant location of S-rich areas of silicic apatite is crystal interiors of apatite inclusions in other mineral phases, while large apatite microphenocrysts surrounded by groundmass glass have low sulfur contents. This is evidence for placing sulfur-fluxing periods long before events that ultimately led to the 1991 eruption. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Van Hoose, Ashley E.; Streck, Martin J.] Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Pallister, John S.] US Geol Survey, David A Johnston Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Waelle, Markus] ETH, Inst Geochem & Petrol, Dept Erdwissenschaften, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Van Hoose, AE (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, 1228 Webster Phys,Sci Bldg,100 Dairy Rd, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM ashley.vanhoose@wsu.edu; streckm@pdx.edu; jpallist@usgs.gov;
waelle@erdw.ethz.ch
FU NSF [EAR-0838611]
FX This study was supported by NSF grant EAR-0838611 awarded to M.J.
Streck. We would like to thank F. Tepley III and D. Burns for the
assistance during microprobe analyses. We appreciate the comments and
suggestions of the two anonymous reviewers as well as the editorial help
and additional comments by M. Rutherford, which helped to improve this
paper.
NR 61
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Z9 11
U1 3
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 257
BP 72
EP 89
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.03.007
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 156UF
UT WOS:000319848700007
ER
PT J
AU Schroeder, SA
Fulton, DC
Lawrence, JS
Cordts, SD
AF Schroeder, Susan A.
Fulton, David C.
Lawrence, Jeffrey S.
Cordts, Steven D.
TI Identity and Specialization as a Waterfowl Hunter
SO LEISURE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE recreation identity; recreation specialization; waterfowl hunters
ID SERIOUS LEISURE; RECREATIONAL SPECIALIZATION; CONSTRAINT NEGOTIATION;
PARTICIPATION; PROGRESSION; EXPERIENCE; COMMITMENT; FRAMEWORK; GENDER;
PLACE
AB Like specialization, identity offers a way for differentiating and understanding recreationists and for gaining insight into the question of participant progression in an activity. We examined how identity related to measures of specialization among lapsed and current waterfowl hunters. Lapsed hunters included those who had purchased a Minnesota waterfowl stamp between 2000 and 2004, but not since this time. Current hunters had purchased a 2010 stamp. Results suggested that some waterfowl hunters specialize and progress toward a waterfowl-hunter identity. Others, however, either hunt for years but never specialize and identify as waterfowl hunters, or move toward but do not attain a waterfowl hunter identity. Individuals who achieve a waterfowl hunter identity may also later relinquish this identity. Identification was associated with increased specialization and resistance to change from a preference for waterfowl hunting. Individuals who had relinquished their identity retained social and knowledge-based commitment to waterfowl hunting, whereas attraction and centrality declined.
C1 [Schroeder, Susan A.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Fulton, David C.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Lawrence, Jeffrey S.; Cordts, Steven D.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Wetland Wildlife Populat & Res Grp, Div Wildlife, Bemidji, MN 56601 USA.
RP Schroeder, SA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 200 Hodson Hall,1980 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM sas@umn.edu
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U1 4
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0400
J9 LEISURE SCI
JI Leis. Sci.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 35
IS 3
SI SI
BP 218
EP 234
DI 10.1080/01490400.2013.780511
PG 17
WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology
GA 160XS
UT WOS:000320154400003
ER
PT J
AU Webb, EL
Friess, DA
Krauss, KW
Cahoon, DR
Guntenspergen, GR
Phelps, J
AF Webb, Edward L.
Friess, Daniel A.
Krauss, Ken W.
Cahoon, Donald R.
Guntenspergen, Glenn R.
Phelps, Jacob
TI A global standard for monitoring coastal wetland vulnerability to
accelerated sea-level rise
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENTS; SEDIMENTATION-EROSION TABLE; SURFACE
ELEVATION; MANGROVE FORESTS; VERTICAL ACCRETION; MARSH ELEVATION; SOIL
ELEVATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STORM IMPACTS; SALT MARSHES
AB Sea-level rise threatens coastal salt-marshes and mangrove forests around the world, and a key determinant of coastal wetland vulnerability is whether its surface elevation can keep pace with rising sea level. Globally, a large data gap exists because wetland surface and shallow subsurface processes remain unaccounted for by traditional vulnerability assessments using tide gauges. Moreover, those processes vary substantially across wetlands, so modelling platforms require relevant local data. The low-cost, simple, high-precision rod surface-elevation table-marker horizon (RSET-MH) method fills this critical data gap, can be paired with spatial data sets and modelling and is financially and technically accessible to every country with coastal wetlands. Yet, RSET deployment has been limited to a few regions and purposes. A coordinated expansion of monitoring efforts, including development of regional networks that could support data sharing and collaboration, is crucial to adequately inform coastal climate change adaptation policy at several scales.
C1 [Webb, Edward L.; Phelps, Jacob] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
[Friess, Daniel A.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Geog, Singapore 117570, Singapore.
[Friess, Daniel A.] Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore Delft Water Alliance, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
[Krauss, Ken W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Cahoon, Donald R.; Guntenspergen, Glenn R.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Webb, EL (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Sci Dr 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
EM ted.webb@nus.edu.sg; dan.friess@nus.edu.sg
RI Webb, Edward/E-8343-2011; Brooks, Katya/J-4975-2014;
OI Webb, Edward/0000-0001-5554-9955; Phelps, Jacob/0000-0001-6489-1103
FU Singapore-Delft Water Alliance [R303-001-001-272, R303-001-024-414];
Ministry of Education, Government of Singapore [R-154-000-400-133,
R-109-000-141-133]; USGS Climate and Land Use Change RD Program
FX E.L.W. and D. A. F. were supported by the Singapore-Delft Water
Alliance, grants R303-001-001-272 and R303-001-024-414. E. L. W. was
supported by Ministry of Education, Government of Singapore grant
R-154-000-400-133. D. A. F. was supported by Ministry of Education,
Government of Singapore grant R-109-000-141-133. K. W. K., D. R. C., and
G. R. G. were supported by the USGS Climate and Land Use Change R&D
Program. The Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University and the South
African Environmental Observation Network provided South African RSET
data points. C. Lovelock provided the location of the RSET site in
Indonesia. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 88
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PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 5
BP 458
EP 465
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE1756
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 150PA
UT WOS:000319402000010
ER
PT J
AU Meixell, BW
Lindberg, MS
Conn, PB
Dau, CP
Sarvis, JE
Sowl, KM
AF Meixell, Brandt W.
Lindberg, Mark S.
Conn, Paul B.
Dau, Christian P.
Sarvis, John E.
Sowl, Kristine M.
TI AGE-SPECIFIC SURVIVAL OF TUNDRA SWANS ON THE LOWER ALASKA PENINSULA
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska Peninsula; apparent survival; Cygnus columbianus; emigration;
neck collar; tag loss; Tundra Swan
ID CYGNUS-COLUMBIANUS-COLUMBIANUS; LESSER SNOW GEESE; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE;
MARK-RECAPTURE; CANADA GEESE; BREEDING DISPERSAL; EUROPEAN DUCKS;
MOVEMENT RATES; SITE FIDELITY; TAG LOSS
AB The population of Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus columbianus) breeding on the lower Alaska Peninsula represents the southern extremity of the species' range is uniquely nonmigratory. We used data on recaptures, resightings, and recoveries of neck-collared Tundra Swans on the lower Alaska Peninsula to estimate collar loss, annual apparent survival, and other demographic parameters for the years 1978-1989. Annual collar loss was greater for adult males fitted with either the thinner collar type (0.34) or the thicker collar type (0.15) than for other age/sex classes (thinner 0 10, thicker: 0.04). The apparent mean probability of survival of adults (0.61) was higher than that of immatures (0.41) and for both age classes varied considerably by year (adult range: 0.44-0.95, immature range: 0.25-0.90). To assess effects of permanent emigration by age and breeding class, we analyzed post hoc the encounter histories of swans known to breed in our study area. The apparent mean survival of known breeders (0.65) was generally higher than that of the entire marked sample but still varied considerably by year (range 0.26-1.00) and indicated that permanent emigration of breeding swans was likely. We suggest that reductions in apparent survival probability were influenced primarily by high and variable rates of permanent emigration and that immigration by swans from elsewhere may be important in sustaining a breeding population at and near Izembek National Wildlife Refuge.
C1 [Meixell, Brandt W.; Lindberg, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Meixell, Brandt W.; Lindberg, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arct Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Conn, Paul B.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Dau, Christian P.; Sarvis, John E.; Sowl, Kristine M.] Izembek Natl Wildlife Refuge, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Cold Bay, AK 99571 USA.
RP Meixell, BW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM bmeixell@usgs.gov
OI Meixell, Brandt/0000-0002-6738-0349
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Izembek National Wildlife Refuge;
Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology and Wildlife at
the University of Alaska Fairbanks; Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit
FX Funding and logistical support for our study were provided by the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, the
Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology and Wildlife at
the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and the Alaska Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit. We thank K. Manlove for assistance with data
entry and management. S. Hoekman and J. Schmidt provided helpful insight
and analytical support. P. Flint, P. Doak, C. Amundson, R. Boone, and
two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments that improved the
manuscript. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the federal government.
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PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 115
IS 2
BP 280
EP 289
DI 10.1525/cond.2013.110213
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 151SU
UT WOS:000319481300008
ER
PT J
AU Rosenfield, RN
Bielefeldt, J
Booms, TL
Cava, JA
Bozek, MA
AF Rosenfield, Robert N.
Bielefeldt, John
Booms, Travis L.
Cava, Jenna A.
Bozek, Michael A.
TI LIFE-HISTORY TRADE-OFFS OF BREEDING IN ONE-YEAR-OLD MALE COOPER'S HAWKS
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Accipiter cooperii; life-history trade-offs; age at first breeding;
life-history evolution; Cooper's Hawk; molt; lifetime reproduction
ID SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISM; ACCIPITER HAWKS; EYE COLOR; WISCONSIN;
PRODUCTIVITY; POPULATIONS; AGE; REPRODUCTION; DENSITY; EVOLUTION
AB Life-history theory suggests that delayed maturation is beneficial to birds when costs of breeding early in life are high. We compared selected aspects of the biology of male Cooper's Hawks (Accipiter cooperii) that began breeding at 1 year of age (SY males) vs. males that began breeding >= 2 years of age (ASY males) in an effort to elucidate what renders breeding of SY males rare. Of the 732 males of known age whose breeding we studied over 32 years (1980-2011) 13 (2%) were SY and 719 (98%) were ASY. During this period, the incidence of breeding of SY males changed markedly, as 12 of the instances of breeding of SY males were recorded in the first half of our study, only 1 in the latter half. We suggest that SY males could acquire nest sites more readily in the first half of the study when the breeding population of ASY males was apparently lower. Males breeding in their second year were on average similar in size to ASY males but were molting more extensively than were ASY males. ASY males lived longer than males breeding in their second year, and maximum lifetime production of young was greater, so SY males may have sacrificed greater longevity for breeding early. A strategy of facultative breeding in response to the constraints of higher numbers of older breeding males and restraints of trade-offs in energy allocation may explain why SY male Cooper's Hawks rarely breed.
C1 [Rosenfield, Robert N.; Cava, Jenna A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
[Booms, Travis L.] Wildlife Divers, Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Bozek, Michael A.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Coll Nat Resources, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
RP Rosenfield, RN (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
EM rrosenfi@uwsp.edu
FU Biology Department; Personnel Development Committee; Letters and Science
Foundation; Honors Intern Program; Wisconsin Cooperative Fishery Unit at
the University of Wisconsin at Stevens Point; Bureau of Endangered
Resources at the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; Society for
Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus, Ltd.; Great Lakes Falconers Association
FX We thank William and Norma Allen, D. A. Grosshuesch, M. J. Gibson, C. M.
Morasky, J. M. Papp, C. S. Larson, S. A. Sonsthagen, and K. L. Taft for
their long-term support and field assistance. Various staff of the
Kettle Moraine State Forest, South Unit of the Wisconsin Department of
Natural Resources, aided our work in many ways. Funding was provided by
the Biology Department, Personnel Development Committee, Letters and
Science Foundation, Honors Intern Program, and the Wisconsin Cooperative
Fishery Unit at the University of Wisconsin at Stevens Point; the Bureau
of Endangered Resources at the Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources; the Society for Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus, Ltd.; and the
Great Lakes Falconers Association. We are particularly grateful for the
excellent suggestions of two anonymous reviewers of our paper. RNR
dedicates this paper to the memory of his dear friend and colleague John
Bielefeldt.
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PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 115
IS 2
BP 306
EP 315
DI 10.1525/cond.2013.120001
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 151SU
UT WOS:000319481300011
ER
PT J
AU Streby, HM
Andersen, DE
AF Streby, Henry M.
Andersen, David E.
TI SURVIVAL OF FLEDGLING OVENBIRDS: INFLUENCES OF HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS
AT MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALES
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE fledgling; habitat; management; Seiurus aurocapilla; songbird; survival
ID REGENERATING CLEARCUTS; POSTFLEDGING SURVIVAL; SEIURUS-AUROCAPILLA;
RADIO TRANSMITTERS; HOODED WARBLERS; FOREST ROADS; HOME-RANGE;
LANDSCAPE; SONGBIRDS; SUCCESS
AB Survival of fledgling songbirds can be influenced by habitat characteristics at multiple spatial scales, and identifying the relative influence of habitat characteristics at the micro (immediately surrounding fledglings) and meso (level of stand or cover type) scales is important for management and conservation planning. We modeled survival of fledgling Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla) in managed forest in north-central Minnesota by using micro-scale and meso-scale habitat characteristics and nestlings' mass as explanatory variables. Meso-scale variables (e.g., use of logging roads and distance to cover types other than those used for nesting) better explained fledgling Ovenbirds' survival than did nestlings' mass or micro-scale variables, including ground cover, litter depth, vegetation density, and food availability. Crossing of logging roads had the strongest relationship with survival of fledgling Ovenbirds: survival of fledglings that crossed roads was 50% lower during the first 8 days after fledging and 33% lower 9-16 days after fledging than that of fledglings that did not cross roads. We conclude that although micro-scale habitat characteristics can influence fledgling Ovenbirds' survival, meso-scale characteristics have a much stronger effect. We believe nestlings' mass had little influence on survival because mass may be a poor indicator of body condition, and regardless of condition most predation occurs before fledglings are capable of eluding predators. Because of the association between logging roads and fledglings' reduced survival, we suggest that reclamation of abandoned logging roads, a process underway on many federal lands, could have a positive effect on populations of ground-dwelling forest birds in managed forests.
C1 [Streby, Henry M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Andersen, David E.] US Geol Survey, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Streby, HM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM streb006@umn.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey through Research
Work Order 73 at the Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit
FX This project was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the
U.S. Geological Survey through Research Work Order 73 at the Minnesota
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, with in-kind support from
the U.S. Forest Service. We handled, banded, and attached radio
transmitters to birds following protocol 0806A35761, approved by the
University of Minnesota's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
We extend our gratitude to D. Johnson, J. Manolis, F. Cuthbert, J.
Refsnider, T. Arnold, and two anonymous reviewers for comments that
improved the analysis and the manuscript substantially, and to D.
Dessecker, K. Colvin, A. Edmond, J. Gerchak, J. Hammers, K. Icknayan, T.
McAllister, E. Michel, A. Monroe, J. Refsnider, and C. Tow for
assistance with data collection in the field.
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PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 115
IS 2
BP 403
EP 410
DI 10.1525/cond.2013.110178
PG 8
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 151SU
UT WOS:000319481300021
ER
PT J
AU Engelhart, SE
Horton, BP
Vane, CH
Nelson, AR
Witter, RC
Brody, SR
Hawkes, AD
AF Engelhart, Simon E.
Horton, Benjamin P.
Vane, Christopher H.
Nelson, Alan R.
Witter, Robert C.
Brody, Sarah R.
Hawkes, Andrea D.
TI Modern foraminifera, delta C-13, and bulk geochemistry of central Oregon
tidal marshes and their application in paleoseismology
SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Foraminifera; Paleoseismology; delta C-13; Bulk geochemistry; Oregon;
Cascadia; Earthquake; Relative sea level
ID CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE; HOLOCENE SEA-LEVEL; SOUTHERN COASTAL OREGON;
STABLE CARBON ISOTOPES; SALT-MARSH; COSEISMIC SUBSIDENCE;
NORTH-CAROLINA; ORGANIC-MATTER; PALEOENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS;
INTERTIDAL FORAMINIFERA
AB We assessed the utility of delta C-13 and bulk geochemistry (total organic content and C:N) to reconstruct relative sea-level changes on the Cascadia subduction zone through comparison with an established sea-level indicator (benthic foraminifera). Four modern transects collected from three tidal environments at Siletz Bay, Oregon, USA, produced three elevation-dependent groups in both the foraminiferal and delta C-13/bulk geochemistry datasets. Foraminiferal samples from the tidal flat and low marsh are identified by Miliammina fusca abundances of >45%, middle and high marsh by M. fusca abundances of <45% and the highest marsh by Trochamminita irregularis abundances >25%. The delta C-13 values from the groups defined with delta C-13/bulk geochemistry analyses decrease with an increasing elevation; -24.1 +/- 1.7 parts per thousand in the tidal flat and low marsh; -27.3 +/- 1.4 parts per thousand in the middle and high marsh; and -29.6 +/- 0.8 parts per thousand in the highest marsh samples. We applied the modern foraminiferal and delta C-13 distributions to a core that contained a stratigraphic contact marking the great Cascadia earthquake of AD 1700. Both techniques gave similar values for coseismic subsidence across the contact (0.88 +/- 0.39 m and 0.71 +/- 0.56 m) suggesting that delta C-13 has potential for identifying amounts of relative sea-level change due to tectonics. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Engelhart, Simon E.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Geosci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Engelhart, Simon E.; Horton, Benjamin P.] Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Horton, Benjamin P.] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Vane, Christopher H.] British Geol Survey, Kingsley Dunham Ctr, Nottingham NG12 5GG, England.
[Nelson, Alan R.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Witter, Robert C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Brody, Sarah R.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Hawkes, Andrea D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog & Geol, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
RP Engelhart, SE (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Geosci, Woodward Hall,9 East Alumni Ave, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
EM engelhart@uri.edu
RI Vane, Christopher/A-8814-2008;
OI Vane, Christopher/0000-0002-8150-3640; Engelhart,
Simon/0000-0002-4431-4664
FU NSF [EAR-0842728]; Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological
Survey
FX This research was supported by an NSF grant (EAR-0842728) to BPH and by
the Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. CHV
publishes with the permission of the Executive Director of the British
Geological Survey. This paper is a contribution to IGCP Project 588. The
Siletz Bay National Wildlife Refuge and the Salishan Leaseholders, Inc.
community are thanked for allowing access to the sites. Rich Briggs,
Harvey Kelsey and Zebulon Maharrey are thanked for assistance in the
field. Jon Allan, Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries,
provided the use of GPS surveying instruments and data processing. David
Hill provided the tidal predictions used in this paper. Two anonymous
reviewers are thanked for comments that improved the manuscript.
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U1 1
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0031-0182
EI 1872-616X
J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL
JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 377
BP 13
EP 27
DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.02.032
PG 15
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology
GA 143SV
UT WOS:000318889400002
ER
PT J
AU Whiteley, AR
Coombs, JA
Hudy, M
Robinson, Z
Colton, AR
Nislow, KH
Letcher, BH
AF Whiteley, Andrew R.
Coombs, Jason A.
Hudy, Mark
Robinson, Zachary
Colton, Amanda R.
Nislow, Keith H.
Letcher, Benjamin H.
TI Fragmentation and patch size shape genetic structure of brook trout
populations
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID COASTAL CUTTHROAT TROUT; CHARR SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; HABITAT
FRAGMENTATION; BROWN TROUT; BULL TROUT; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; SOUTHERN
LIMIT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RAINBOW-TROUT; NATIVE RANGE
AB We tested the relative influence of habitat patch size and connectivity on genetic structure and effective population size in eight brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) habitat patches in a watershed in Virginia, USA. Variation at eight microsatellite loci in 2229 young-of-the-year brook trout for two successive cohorts (2010 and 2011) was examined. Genetic differentiation across all populations was pronounced. Overall F'(ST) was 0.397 (95% CI: 0.322-0.525) and overall F-ST was 0.124 (95% CI: 0.096-0.159). Above-barrier patch size had a strong positive relationship with genetic diversity, (N) over cap (b), and genetic differentiation. Our analysis is consistent with greater extinction risk in smaller above-barrier patches. Larger above-barrier patches contained greater genetic diversity but reduced (N) over cap (b) relative to adjacent below-barrier patches. The primary effect of barriers may be to reduce available above-barrier spawning habitat, even for larger above-barrier patches. Below-barrier patches also showed evidence of reduced genetic diversity and lack of connectivity. Genetic monitoring focused at gaining a broader understanding of the relationships here will be necessary to fully evaluate local extinction risks.
C1 [Whiteley, Andrew R.; Coombs, Jason A.; Robinson, Zachary] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Whiteley, Andrew R.; Coombs, Jason A.; Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Hudy, Mark] US Geol Survey, Ecosyst Mission Area, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Colton, Amanda R.] James Madison Univ, US Forest Serv, Fish & Aquat Ecol Unit, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA.
[Letcher, Benjamin H.] US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
RP Whiteley, AR (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM awhiteley@eco.umass.edu
FU James Madison University, George Washington; Jefferson National Forests;
Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries; US Forest Service,
Northern Research Station; University of Massachusetts Amherst; US
Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center; Conte Anadromous Fish
Research Laboratory
FX M. Burak and M. Page collected genetic data. C. Anderson, J.
Courtwright, A. Fitzgerald, C. Kyger, H. Mohn, B. Stanley, and B. Trumbo
helped with field collections. The following organizations provided
financial assistance or volunteer support: James Madison University,
George Washington and Jefferson National Forests; Virginia Department of
Game and Inland Fisheries; US Forest Service, Northern Research Station;
University of Massachusetts Amherst; US Geological Survey, Leetown
Science Center and Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory. A.
Coulthard and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on
earlier versions of this manuscript.
NR 63
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U1 2
U2 59
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 5
BP 678
EP 688
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0493
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 148PM
UT WOS:000319257700003
ER
PT J
AU Pritt, JJ
DuFour, MR
Mayer, CM
Kocovsky, PM
Tyson, JT
Weimer, EJ
Vandergoot, CS
AF Pritt, Jeremy J.
DuFour, Mark R.
Mayer, Christine M.
Kocovsky, Patrick M.
Tyson, Jeffrey T.
Weimer, Eric J.
Vandergoot, Christopher S.
TI Including independent estimates and uncertainty to quantify total
abundance of fish migrating in a large river system: walleye (Sander
vitreus) in the Maumee River, Ohio
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID TARGET STRENGTH
AB Walleye (Sander vitreus) in Lake Erie is a valuable and migratory species that spawns in tributaries. We used hydroacoustic sampling, gill net sampling, and Bayesian state-space modeling to estimate the spawning stock abundance, characterize size and sex structure, and explore environmental factors cuing migration of walleye in the Maumee River for 2011 and 2012. We estimated the spawning stock abundance to be between 431 000 and 1 446 000 individuals in 2011 and between 386 400 and 857 200 individuals in 2012 (95% Bayesian credible intervals). A back-calculation from a concurrent larval fish study produced an estimate of 78 000 to 237 000 spawners for 2011. The sex ratio was skewed towards males early in the spawning season but approached 1: 1 later, and larger individuals entered the river earlier in the season than smaller individuals. Walleye migration was greater during low river discharge and intermediate temperatures. Our approach to estimating absolute abundance and uncertainty as well as characterization of the spawning stock could improve assessment and management of this species, and our methodology is applicable to other diadromous populations.
C1 [Pritt, Jeremy J.; DuFour, Mark R.; Mayer, Christine M.] Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, Dept Environm Sci, Oregon, OH 43616 USA.
[Kocovsky, Patrick M.] US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Tyson, Jeffrey T.; Weimer, Eric J.; Vandergoot, Christopher S.] Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Sandusky Fisheries Res Unit, Div Wildlife, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
RP Pritt, JJ (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, Dept Environm Sci, 6200 Bayshore Rd, Oregon, OH 43616 USA.
EM jeremy.pritt@rockets.utoledo.edu
FU Great Lakes Research Initiative; NOAA [NA09OAR41718]
FX Thanks go to C. Becher, P. Bichier, M. Kuebbeler, S. Panek, R. Mapes, A.
Maran, J. Ross, and B. Sander for their help with field work and
laboratory work. Funding for the acoustic telemetry portion of the study
was provided by the Great Lakes Research Initiative administered by the
Great Lakes Fishery Commission. Thanks also go to L. Rudstam and D.
Warner for their guidance on the hydroacoustic methods used in this
study. This study was supported by NOAA award number NA09OAR41718. This
article is Contribution 2013-10 of the University of Toledo Lake Erie
Center and Contribution 1747 of the US Geological Survey Great Lakes
Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
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U1 1
U2 34
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 5
BP 803
EP 814
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0484
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 148PM
UT WOS:000319257700015
ER
PT J
AU Ruess, RW
Anderson, MD
McFarland, JM
Kielland, K
Olson, K
Taylor, DL
AF Ruess, Roger W.
Anderson, Michael D.
McFarland, Jack M.
Kielland, Knut
Olson, Karl
Taylor, D. Lee
TI Ecosystem-level consequences of symbiont partnerships in an N-fixing
shrub from interior Alaskan floodplains
SO ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
LA English
DT Article
DE alder; ecosystem N inputs; Frankia; N-fixation cost; nitrogen fixation;
nodule biomass; partner choice
ID TANANA RIVER FLOODPLAIN; LEGUME-RHIZOBIUM MUTUALISM; ALDER ALNUS-RUBRA;
NITROGEN-FIXATION; ACTINORHIZAL SYMBIOSIS; DISCARIA-TRINERVIS; N-2
FIXATION; ROOT-NODULES; SUCCESSIONAL CHRONOSEQUENCE; PHOSPHORUS
AVAILABILITY
AB In long-lived N-fixing plants, environmental conditions affecting plant growth and N demand vary at multiple temporal and spatial scales, and symbiont assemblages on a given host and patterns of allocation to nodule activities have been shown to vary according to environmental factors, suggesting that hosts may alter partner choice and manipulate symbiont assemblages based on shifting plant needs. This study assessed economic trade-offs among N-fixing symbionts of thin-leaf alder (Alnus tenuifolia) by examining whether alder-Frankia associations change in response to the up-regulation (P fertilization) and down-regulation (N-fertilization) of N-fixation activities, and whether these changes are associated with differences among Frankia partners in their relative C cost and/or N benefit to A. tenuifolia.
Relative to control plots, alder in +P plots had significantly higher nodule biomass and N-fixation rates; these parameters were significantly lower in +N plots, translating to stand-level N inputs that were more than an order of magnitude greater in +P than +N plots. Nodule respiration and N-fixation rates were positively correlated, and analyses revealed that alder employs mechanisms to increase the efficiency of C use when N fixation is up-regulated. Of the eight Frankia OTUs (operational taxonomic units) identified, two were dominant, with significant differences in Frankia OTU composition across samples being explained by fertilization treatment. Dominant OTUs had similar up-and down-regulatory responses to treatments but differed in C costs of N fixation, while the most abundant sub-dominant failed to up-regulate N-fixation rates in +P plots. Differences among Frankia OTUs in traits relevant to plant performance may form the basis for host choice and explain successional shifts in alder-Frankia assemblages. We suggest that manipulation of Frankia assemblages is an adaptation for a species such as A. tenuifolia that maintains a high dependence on atmospheric N across radically different growth environments. Because of the strong effects of thin-leaf alder on soil N contents, it appears that host changes in C partitioning to nodule activities, including the physiological consequences of host specificity for Frankia assemblages, results in alder both driving and responding to environmental heterogeneity at small to large spatial scales.
C1 [Ruess, Roger W.; Anderson, Michael D.; McFarland, Jack M.; Kielland, Knut; Olson, Karl; Taylor, D. Lee] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Anderson, Michael D.] Macalester Coll, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA.
[McFarland, Jack M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Ruess, RW (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM rwruess@alaska.edu
OI Taylor, Donald/0000-0002-5985-9210
FU NSF [DEB 0620579]; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research
Station [PNW01-JV11261952-231]
FX The project would not have been possible without the dedicated
assistance of many REU students, including Ivan Lien, Laurel Lynch, Lara
Medinger, Nils Peterson, Cortney Pylant, Keane Richards, Colin
Stockhouse, Josh Tanner, and Dorothy Walker. Michaela and Michaeleen
Swanson provided inspired assistance during the wet, buggy weeks of
nodule biomass sampling and processing. Special thanks go to Tim
Quintel, who helped design and fabricate the 15N2
injection loop for the LI-6200, and to Lola Oliver who processed
15N samples and assisted with leaf chemistry analyses. We are
indebted to NSF's Ecosystem Studies Program for their confidence in our
ideas and for funding DEB-0641033 to R. W. Ruess and team. Additional
funding and considerable logistic support were provided by the Bonanza
Creek LTER Program, which is jointly funded by NSF (DEB 0620579) and the
USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station
(PNW01-JV11261952-231).
NR 110
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U1 3
U2 54
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9615
EI 1557-7015
J9 ECOL MONOGR
JI Ecol. Monogr.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 83
IS 2
BP 177
EP 194
DI 10.1890/12-0782.1
PG 18
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 150ON
UT WOS:000319400600003
ER
PT J
AU Lawrence, GB
Fernandez, IJ
Richter, DD
Ross, DS
Hazlett, PW
Bailey, SW
Ouimet, R
Warby, RAF
Johnson, AH
Lin, H
Kaste, JM
Lapenis, AG
Sullivan, TJ
AF Lawrence, Gregory B.
Fernandez, Ivan J.
Richter, Daniel D.
Ross, Donald S.
Hazlett, Paul W.
Bailey, Scott W.
Ouimet, Rock
Warby, Richard A. F.
Johnson, Arthur H.
Lin, Henry
Kaste, James M.
Lapenis, Andrew G.
Sullivan, Timothy J.
TI Measuring Environmental Change in Forest Ecosystems by Repeated Soil
Sampling: A North American Perspective
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Review
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; HARDWOOD FOREST; ALLEGHENY PLATEAU; ACIDIC
DEPOSITION; LOBLOLLY-PINE; TRACE-METALS; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION;
ADIRONDACK MOUNTAINS; NATURAL-RESOURCES; LEAD ACCUMULATION
AB Environmental change is monitored in North America through repeated measurements of weather, stream and river flow, air and water quality, and most recently, soil properties. Some skepticism remains, however, about whether repeated soil sampling can effectively distinguish between temporal and spatial variability, and efforts to document soil change in forest ecosystems through repeated measurements are largely nascent and uncoordinated. In eastern North America, repeated soil sampling has begun to provide valuable information on environmental problems such as air pollution. This review synthesizes the current state of the science to further the development and use of soil resampling as an integral method for recording and understanding environmental change in forested settings. The origins of soil resampling reach back to the 19th century in England and Russia. The concepts and methodologies involved in forest soil resampling are reviewed and evaluated through a discussion of how temporal and spatial variability can be addressed with a variety of sampling approaches. Key resampling studies demonstrate the type of results that can be obtained through differing approaches. Ongoing, large-scale issues such as recovery from acidification, long-term N deposition, C sequestration, effects of climate change, impacts from invasive species, and the increasing intensification of soil management all warrant the use of soil resampling as an essential tool for environmental monitoring and assessment. Furthermore, with better awareness of the value of soil resampling, studies can be designed with a long-term perspective so that information can be efficiently obtained well into the future to address problems that have not yet surfaced.
C1 [Lawrence, Gregory B.] US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Fernandez, Ivan J.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Richter, Daniel D.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Environm Sci & Policy Div, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Ross, Donald S.] Univ Vermont, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Hazlett, Paul W.] Nat Resources Canada Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON 6A 2E5, Canada.
[Bailey, Scott W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, North Woodstock, NH 03262 USA.
[Ouimet, Rock] Minist Resources Nat & Faune Quebec, Direct Rech Forestiere, Ste Foy, PQ G1P 3W8, Canada.
[Warby, Richard A. F.] Assumption Coll, Dep Nat Sci, Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
[Johnson, Arthur H.] Univ Penn, Dep Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Lin, Henry] Penn State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Kaste, James M.] Coll William & Mary, Dep Geol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
[Lapenis, Andrew G.] SUNY Albany, Dep Geog & Planning, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Sullivan, Timothy J.] E&S Environm Chem Inc, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA.
RP Lawrence, GB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM glawrenc@usgs.gov
RI Ross, Donald/A-4477-2008; Lin, Henry/E-8234-2011;
OI Ross, Donald/0000-0002-5390-6602; Ouimet, Rock/0000-0003-1282-2493;
Bailey, Scott/0000-0002-9160-156X
FU Northeastern States Research Cooperative (NSRC)
FX Funding for preparation of the manuscript was provided by the
Northeastern States Research Cooperative (NSRC). We thank Michael McHale
for his helpful review of the manuscript.
NR 113
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U1 2
U2 79
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 42
IS 3
BP 623
EP 639
DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0378
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 134LZ
UT WOS:000318213000001
PM 23673928
ER
PT J
AU Wang, HY
Johnson, N
Bernardy, J
Hubert, T
Li, WM
AF Wang, Huiyong
Johnson, Nicholas
Bernardy, Jeffrey
Hubert, Terry
Li, Weiming
TI Monitoring sea lamprey pheromones and their degradation using rapid
stream-side extraction coupled with UPLC-MS/MS
SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Degradation half-life time; Field extraction; Pheromone; Sea lamprey;
SPE; UPLC-MS/MS
ID UNIQUE BILE-ACIDS; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; MIGRATORY PHEROMONE; WATER;
QUANTIFICATION; SULFATE; LAKES
AB Pheromones guide adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) to suitable spawning streams and mates, and therefore, when quantified, can be used to assess population size and guide management. Here, we present an efficient sample preparation method where 100 mL of river water was spiked with deuterated pheromone as an internal standard and underwent rapid field-based SPE and elution in the field. The combination of field extraction with laboratory UPLC-MS/MS reduced the sample consumption from 1 to 0.1 L, decreased the sample process time from more than 1 h to 10 min, and increased the precision and accuracy. The sensitivity was improved more than one order of magnitude compared with the previous method. The influences of experimental conditions were assessed to optimize the separation and peak shapes. The analytical method has been validated by studies of stability, selectivity, precision, and linearity and by the determination of the limits of detection and quantification. The method was used to quantify pheromone concentration from five streams tributary to Lake Ontario and to estimate that the environmental half-life of 3kPZS is about 26 h.
C1 [Wang, Huiyong; Li, Weiming] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Johnson, Nicholas] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI USA.
[Bernardy, Jeffrey; Hubert, Terry] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
RP Li, WM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Room 13 Nat Resources Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM liweim@msu.edu
RI Li, Weiming /D-9615-2013
OI Li, Weiming /0000-0001-5437-1518
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission
FX Authors thank Professor Daniel Jones and Lijun Chen of the Michigan
State University MS Facility for helpful advice. Karen Slaght helped
develop the field extraction system. Ryan Booth of Fisheries and Oceans
Canada collected and extracted all the river water samples collected on
Lake Ontario tributaries. Abby Johnson collected and extracted samples
for the 5D-3k PZS degradation experiment. This study was funded by
grants from the Great Lakes Fishery Commission. Mention and use of
trademark products does not constitute endorsement from the U.S.
Government. This manuscript is contribution number 1749 of the Great
Lakes Science Center.
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U1 0
U2 20
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1615-9306
J9 J SEP SCI
JI J. Sep. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 9-10
BP 1612
EP 1620
DI 10.1002/jssc.201300110
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 157AH
UT WOS:000319866800015
PM 23529861
ER
PT J
AU Kent, ML
Benda, S
St-Hilaire, S
Schreck, CB
AF Kent, Michael L.
Benda, Susan
St-Hilaire, Sophie
Schreck, Carl B.
TI Sensitivity and specificity of histology for diagnoses of four common
pathogens and detection of nontarget pathogens in adult Chinook salmon
(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in fresh water
SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Aeromonas; Ceratomyxa; Chinook salmon; Nanophyetus; Renibacterium
ID BACTERIAL KIDNEY-DISEASE; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; BROOD STOCK
SEGREGATION; RENIBACTERIUM-SALMONINARUM; COHO SALMON;
NANOPHYETUS-SALMINCOLA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; PACIFIC SALMON; MORTALITY;
FISH
AB Histology is often underutilized in aquatic animal disease screening and diagnostics. The agreement between histological classifications of infection and results using diagnostic testing from the American Fisheries Society's Blue Book was conducted with 4 common salmon pathogens: Aeromonas salmonicida, Renibacterium salmoninarum, Ceratomyxa shasta, and Nanophyetus salmincola. Adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in Oregon were evaluated, and agreement between tests was calculated. Live and dead (both pre- and postspawning) salmon were collected from the Willamette River, Oregon, its tributaries, the Willamette Hatchery, and after holding in cool, pathogen-free water during maturation at Oregon State University. Sensitivity and specificity of histology compared to Blue Book methods for all fish, live fish only, and dead (pre- and postspawned combined) fish only were, respectively, as follows: A. salmonicida (n = 105): specificity 87.5%, 87.5%, 87.5% and sensitivity 38.6%, 14.8%, 60.0%; R. salmoninarum (n = 111): specificity 91.9%, 85.7%, 97.7% and sensitivity 16.0%, 7.1%, 27.2%; C. shasta (n = 136): specificity 56.0%, 63.3%, 28.6% and sensitivity 83.3%, 86.2%, 71.4%; N. salmincola (n = 228): specificity 68.2%, 66.7%, not possible to calculate for dead fish and sensitivity 83.5%, 80.5%, 87.3%. The specificity was good for bacterial pathogens. This was not the case for C. shasta, likely due to detection of presporogenic forms only by histology. Sensitivity of histology for bacterial pathogens was low with the exception of dead fish with A. salmonicida. Kappa analysis for agreement between Blue Book and histology methods was poor to moderate. However, histological observations revealed the presence of other pathogens that would not be detected by other methods.
C1 [Kent, Michael L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Benda, Susan; Schreck, Carl B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Schreck, Carl B.] Oregon State Univ, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[St-Hilaire, Sophie] Univ Prince Edward Isl, Atlantic Coll Vet Med, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
RP Kent, ML (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, 220 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM Michael.Kent@oregonstate.edu
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for
the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study
was funded in part by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
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U1 4
U2 12
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 1040-6387
J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST
JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 3
BP 341
EP 351
DI 10.1177/1040638713482124
PG 11
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 148CP
UT WOS:000319220700004
PM 23536613
ER
PT J
AU Duniway, MC
Herrick, JE
AF Duniway, Michael C.
Herrick, Jeffrey E.
TI Assessing Impacts of Roads: Application of a Standard Assessment
Protocol
SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive management; assessment; monitoring; off-highway vehicles; oil
and gas; rangeland health
ID RANGELAND HEALTH; ECOSYSTEM; DESERT; RESTORATION; DISTURBANCE;
ATTRIBUTES; MANAGEMENT; FRAMEWORK; MONGOLIA; SOILS
AB Adaptive management of road networks depends on timely data that accurately reflect the impacts those systems are having on ecosystem processes and associated services. In the absence of reliable data, land managers are left with little more than observations and perceptions to support management decisions of road-associated disturbances. Roads can negatively impact the soil, hydrologic, plant, and animal processes on which virtually all ecosystem services depend. The Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health (IIRH) protocol is a qualitative method that has been demonstrated to be effective in characterizing impacts of roads. The goal of this study were to develop, describe, and test an approach for using IIRH to systematically evaluate road impacts across large, diverse arid and semiarid landscapes. We developed a stratified random sampling approach to plot selection based on ecological potential, road inventory data, and image interpretation of road impacts. The test application on a semiarid landscape in southern New Mexico, United States, demonstrates that the approach developed is sensitive to road impacts across a broad range of ecological sites but that not all the types of stratification were useful. Ecological site and road inventory strata accounted for significant variability in the functioning of ecological processes but stratification based on apparent impact did not. Analysis of the repeatability of IIRH applied to road plots indicates that the method is repeatable but consensus evaluations based on multiple observers should be used to minimize risk of bias. Landscape-scale analysis of impacts by roads of contrasting designs (maintained dirt or gravel roads vs. non- or infrequently maintained roads) suggests that future travel management plans for the study area should consider concentrating traffic on fewer roads that are well designed and maintained. Application of the approach by land managers will likely provide important insights into minimizing impacts of road networks on key ecosystem services.
C1 [Duniway, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
[Herrick, Jeffrey E.] USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Duniway, MC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2290 S West Resource Blvd, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
EM mduniway@usgs.gov
OI Duniway, Michael/0000-0002-9643-2785
FU Bureau of Land Management; Conservation Effects Assessment Project
(Agricultural Research Service); Conservation Effects Assessment Project
(Natural Resources Conservation Service)
FX This work was funded by the Bureau of Land Management, with additional
support from the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (Agricultural
Research Service and Natural Resources Conservation Service).
NR 36
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U1 0
U2 35
PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT
PI LAKEWOOD
PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA
SN 1550-7424
J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG
JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 3
BP 364
EP 375
DI 10.2111/REM-D-11-00130.1
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 151US
UT WOS:000319486300013
ER
PT J
AU Robertson, S
Hickrnan, KR
Harmoney, KR
Leslie, DM
AF Robertson, Scott
Hickrnan, Karen R.
Harmoney, Keith R.
Leslie, David M., Jr.
TI Combining Glyphosate With Burning or Mowing Improves Control of Yellow
Bluestem (Bothriochloa ischaemum)
SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE burning; exotic species; integrated pest management; King Ranch
bluestem; Old World bluestem; restoration
ID JOHNSONGRASS SORGHUM-HALEPENSE; INVASIVE GRASS; HERBICIDE; PLANTS
AB The invasive yellow bluestem (Bothriochloa ischaemum [L.] Keng) threatens native biodiversity, and its control is of interest to land managers involved in restoration of invaded grasslands. We used single, double, and triple applications of glyphosate (2.125 kgai.ha(-1).application(-1)) over the course of one growing season in combinations at different timings (early, middle, late season) with and without a mechanical treatment of mowing or burning to determine the most effective control method. One year after treatment, burning and mowing prior to a mid-season single or double early, middle, and/or late season herbicide application resulted in a similar level of control of yellow bluestem relative to a triple herbicide application, all of which had greater control relative to herbicide treatment alone. Reproductive tiller density and visual obstruction increased 2 yr after treatment with two herbicide treatments applied either early and middle season or early and late season, but it was prevented with burning and mowing prior to herbicide application. With the exception of three herbicide applications, combining burning or mowing with herbicide applications provided more effective control of yellow bluestem than any individual herbicide applications. Burning or mowing likely improves glyphosate effectiveness by altering the invasive grass structure so that plants are clear of standing dead and have shorter, active regrowth to enhance herbicide effectiveness. During restoration projects requiring control of invasive yellow bluestem, an effective management option is a combination of mechanical and chemical control.
C1 [Robertson, Scott; Hickrnan, Karen R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Harmoney, Keith R.] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA.
[Leslie, David M., Jr.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Hickrnan, KR (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM karen.hickman@okstate.edu
FU Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation and Oklahoma State
University [T-36-P]; National Research Initiative of the USDA
Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service
[2006-35320-17476]
FX Research was funded by State Wildlife Grant Project T-36-P of the
Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation and Oklahoma State
University and the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative
State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number
2006-35320-17476 and administered by the Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit (Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma Department
of Wildlife Conservation, US Geological Survey, US Fish and Wildlife
Service, and Wildlife Management Institute cooperating).
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 6
U2 44
PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT
PI LAKEWOOD
PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA
SN 1550-7424
J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG
JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 3
BP 376
EP 381
DI 10.2111/REM-D-11-00198.1
PG 6
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 151US
UT WOS:000319486300014
ER
PT J
AU Huang, SL
Jin, SM
Dahal, D
Chen, XX
Young, C
Liu, HP
Liu, SG
AF Huang, Shengli
Jin, Suming
Dahal, Devendra
Chen, Xuexia
Young, Claudia
Liu, Heping
Liu, Shuguang
TI Reconstructing satellite images to quantify spatially explicit land
surface change caused by fires and succession: A demonstration in the
Yukon River Basin of interior Alaska
SO ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Fire; Land surface; Landsat; Image reconstruction; NDVI
ID BOREAL FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; BLACK SPRUCE ECOSYSTEMS; PLANT FUNCTIONAL
TYPE; BURN SEVERITY; POSTFIRE VEGETATION; ENERGY-BALANCE; CARBON FLUXES;
ALBEDO; INDEX; RECOVERY
AB Land surface change caused by fires and succession is confounded by many site-specific factors and requires further study. The objective of this study was to reveal the spatially explicit land surface change by minimizing the confounding factors of weather variability, seasonal offset, topography, land cover, and drainage. In a pilot study of the Yukon River Basin of interior Alaska, we retrieved Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), albedo, and land surface temperature (LST) from a postfire Landsat image acquired on August 5th, 2004. With a Landsat reference image acquired on June 26th, 1986, we reconstructed NDVI, albedo, and LST of 1987-2004 fire scars for August 5th, 2004, assuming that these fires had not occurred. The difference between actual postfire and assuming-no-fire scenarios depicted the fires and succession impact. Our results demonstrated the following: (1) NDVI showed an immediate decrease after burning but gradually recovered to prefire levels in the following years, in which burn severity might play an important role during this process; (2) Albedo showed an immediate decrease after burning but then recovered and became higher than prefire levels; and (3) Most fires caused surface warming, but cooler surfaces did exist; time-since-fire affected the prefire and postfire LST difference but no absolute trend could be found. Our approach provided spatially explicit land surface change rather than average condition, enabling a better understanding of fires and succession impact on ecological consequences at the pixel level. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS).
C1 [Huang, Shengli; Jin, Suming; Chen, Xuexia] ASRC Res & Technol Solut ARTS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Huang, Shengli; Jin, Suming; Chen, Xuexia] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Dahal, Devendra] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Dahal, Devendra; Young, Claudia] USGS EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Young, Claudia] ERT Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Liu, Heping] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Liu, Shuguang] USGS EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Liu, SG (reprint author), USGS EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM sliu@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Climate and Land Use, Research and Development;
Climate Effect Network; USGS [G08PC91508, G10PC00044]
FX This work was supported by U.S. Geological Survey Climate and Land Use,
Research and Development, and Climate Effect Network programs. The
authors greatly thank Dr. Gyanesh Chander for his advice on Landsat data
processing, Dr. James T. Randerson for providing flux tower data, Drs.
Zhuang and Lu for providing Alaskan land cover change data, Dr. Lei Ji
for improving the manuscript, and Mr. Craig Walters, Mr. Thomas Adamson,
and Dr. Elisabeth Brouwers for revising the English. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.; Work performed under USGS
contract G08PC91508.; Work performed under USGS contract G10PC00044.
NR 47
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-2716
EI 1872-8235
J9 ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM
JI ISPRS-J. Photogramm. Remote Sens.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 79
BP 94
EP 105
DI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.02.010
PG 12
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 143SX
UT WOS:000318889600008
ER
PT J
AU Fritts, MW
Fritts, AK
Carleton, SA
Bringolf, RB
AF Fritts, Mark W.
Fritts, Andrea K.
Carleton, Scott A.
Bringolf, Robert B.
TI Shifts in stable-isotope signatures confirm parasitic relationship of
freshwater mussel glochidia attached to host fish
SO JOURNAL OF MOLLUSCAN STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
ID UTTERBACKIA-IMBECILLIS BIVALVIA; CARBON ISOTOPES; TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS;
NITROGEN ISOTOPES; UNIONID MUSSELS; FINE-STRUCTURE; FOOD-WEB;
FRACTIONATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; METAMORPHOSIS
AB The parasitic nature of the association between glochidia of unionoidean bivalves and their host fish (i.e. the role of fish hosts in providing nutritional resources to the developing glochidia) is still uncertain. While previous work has provided descriptions of development of glochidia on fish hosts, earlier studies have not explicitly documented the flow of nutrition from the host fish to the juvenile mussel. Therefore, our objective was to use stable isotope analysis to quantitatively document nutrient flow between fish and glochidia. Glochidia were collected from nine adult Lampsilis cardium and used to inoculate Micropterus salmoides (n 27; three fish per maternal mussel) that produced juvenile mussels for the experiment. Adult mussel tissue samples, glochidia, transformed juvenile mussels and fish gill tissues were analysed for N-15 and C-13 isotope ratios. We used a linear mixing model to estimate the fraction of juvenile mussel tissue derived from the host fishs tissue during attachment. Our analyses indicate a distinct shift in both C and N isotopic ratios from the glochidial stage to the juvenile stage during mussel attachment and development. Linear mixing model analysis indicated that 57.4 of the N-15 in juvenile tissues were obtained from the host fish. This work provides novel evidence that larval unionoideans are true parasites that derive nutrition from host fish during their metamorphosis into the juvenile stage.
C1 [Fritts, Mark W.; Fritts, Andrea K.; Bringolf, Robert B.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Carleton, Scott A.] New Mexico State Univ, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Bringolf, RB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM bringo@uga.edu
FU Warnell School of Forestry; Natural Resources at the University of
Georgia
FX We are grateful for the assistance of T. Newton and A. Ganser for
assistance in obtaining mussels, Owens & Williams Fish Hatchery for
supplying largemouth bass, and T. Maddox for isotopic analyses. Funding
was provided by the Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources at
the University of Georgia.
NR 45
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 37
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0260-1230
EI 1464-3766
J9 J MOLLUS STUD
JI J. Molluscan Stud.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 79
BP 163
EP 167
DI 10.1093/mollus/eyt008
PN 2
PG 5
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 139GH
UT WOS:000318569500008
ER
PT J
AU Preston, TM
Sojda, RS
Gleason, RA
AF Preston, T. M.
Sojda, R. S.
Gleason, R. A.
TI Sediment accretion rates and sediment composition in Prairie Pothole
wetlands under varying land use practices, Montana, United States
SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Conservation Reserve Program; Prairie Pothole Region; radionuclide
dating; sedimentation; wetland
ID FALLOUT CESIUM-137; NORTH-DAKOTA; SOIL-EROSION; CARBON; WATER; AREA
AB Increased sedimentation and nutrient cycle changes in Prairie Pothole Region wetlands associated with agriculture threaten the permanence:and ecological functionality of these important resources.To determine the effects of land use on sedimentation and nutrient cycling, soil cores were analyzed for cesium-137 (Cs-137), lead-210 (Pb-210), and potassium-40 (K-40) activities; textural composition; organic and inorganic carbon (C); and total nitrogen (N) from twelve wetlands surrounded by cropland, Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) lands, or native prairie uplands. Separate soil cores from nine of these wetlands were also analyzed for phosphorus (P), nitrate (NO3), and ammonium (NH4) concentrations. Wetlands surrounded by cropland had significantly greater linear sediment accretion rates than wetlands surrounded by CRP or native prairie. Linear sediment accretion rates from wetlands surrounded by cropland were 2.7 and 6 times greater than wetlands surrounded by native prairie when calculated from the initial and peak occurrence of Cs-137, respectively, and 0.15 cm y(-1) (0.06 in yr(-1)) greater when calculated from Pb-210. Relative to wetlands surrounded by CRP, linear sediment accretion rates for wetlands surrounded by cropland were 4.4 times greater when calculated from the peak occurrence of Cs-137. No significant differences existed. between the linear sediment accretion rates between wetlands surrounded by native prairie or CRP uplands. Wetlands surrounded by cropland had increased clay, P, NO3, and NH4, and decreased total C and N concentrations compared to wetlands surrounded by native prairie. Wetlands surrounded by CRP had the lowest P and NO3 concentrations and had clay, NH4, C, and N concentrations-between those of cropland and native prairie wetlands. We documented increased linear sediment accretion rates and changes in the textural and chemical properties of sediments in wetlands with cultivated uplands relative to wetlands with native prairie uplands. These findings demonstrate the value of the CRP at protecting wetland catchments to reduce sedimentation.
C1 [Preston, T. M.] US Geol Survey, Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Parallel Inc, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Sojda, R. S.] US Geol Survey, Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA.
[Gleason, R. A.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND USA.
RP Preston, TM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Parallel Inc, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
OI Preston, Todd/0000-0002-8812-9233
FU US Natural Resources Conservation Service; US Geological Survey
FX Staff members from several agencies including the Sheridan County
Conservation District (retired technician M. McCall, Plentywood,
Montana), the US National Resources Conservation Service (district
conservationist M. Freidrich, and soil conservationist T. Solberg,
Plentywood, Montana; water conservation specialist T. Pick, Bozeman,
Montana; and retired soil scientist G. Snell, Glasgow, Montana), and the
US Fish and Wildlife Service (wildlife biologist M. Rabenberg, Moffit,
North Dakota; wildlife biologist T. Connolly and retired refuge manager
J. Rodriguez, Medicine Lake, Montana) provided technical advice and were
instrumental in ensuring that the field work could take place.
Additional support was provided by US Geological Survey staff members
for sample collection (center director J. Kershner, Bozeman, Montana,
and volunteer R. Kozlowski, West Groton, New York) and technical and
laboratory assistance (Hydrological Science Technician R. Buxton and GIS
specialist T. Chesley-Preston, Bozeman, Montana; biological science
technician B. Tangen, Lincoln, Nebraska; and retired geologist C.
Holmes, and geologist M. Marot, Fort Lauderdale, Florida). Montana State
University faculty contributed to the statistical analysis (associate
professor of statistics M. Greenwood, Bozeman, Montana). Without the
cooperation provided by all the landowners to the Sheridan County
Conservation District, this project would not have been possible. This
project was funded by the US Natural Resources Conservation Service and
the US Geological Survey. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 37
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 47
PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC
PI ANKENY
PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA
SN 0022-4561
J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV
JI J. Soil Water Conserv.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 68
IS 3
BP 199
EP 211
DI 10.2489/jswc.68.3.199
PG 13
WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 141UO
UT WOS:000318752200009
ER
PT J
AU Koeppen, WC
Patrick, M
Orr, T
Sutton, AJ
Dow, D
Wright, R
AF Koeppen, W. C.
Patrick, M.
Orr, T.
Sutton, A. J.
Dow, D.
Wright, R.
TI Constraints on the partitioning of Kilauea's lavas between surface and
tube flows, estimated from infrared satellite data, sulfur dioxide
emission rates, and field observations
SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Sulfur dioxide degassing rates; Thermal emission rates; Semiquantitative
flow field observations; Kilauea volcano; Surface and tube flows
ID ACTIVE VOLCANOS; ERUPTION; HAWAII; MODIS; KUPAIANAHA
AB This paper describes how observations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) degassing rates (obtained in situ), thermal emission rates (obtained from infrared satellite data), and semiquantitative flow field observations can be used to elucidate the partitioning of lava between the surface and tube systems at Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i, over a decadal timescale. For most of our study period, 2000 to 2009, we found that the infrared spectral radiance measured by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer from the flow field under clear-sky conditions is controlled by the lava effusion rate and the amount of flow accommodated by the subsurface tube system. At Kilauea, the degree of tubing is estimated qualitatively using field observations, and we show that the satellite data and in situ gas data can be used to estimate the percentage of lava on the surface relative to the total amount erupted. This empirical relationship works to describe many cases in the past decade at Kilauea but breaks down when there is a lack of concurrent clear-sky radiance and SO2 data or when magma is being stored and degassed prior to eruption. Our observations provide a simple way to estimate the partitioning of Kilauea's total lava supply between surface and tube-fed flows using a long-term dataset. This is important because the transition between periods when lava is distributed primarily by surface flows to periods where tubes dominate has been suggested to indicate significant changes in the character of decadal-scale eruptions at Kilauea (Heliker et al., Bull Volcanol 59:381-393, 1998). In addition, it is during those times when surface flows predominate that the flow field does most of its lateral expansion and the hazards associated with the lava effusion become more pronounced.
C1 [Koeppen, W. C.] Earth & Ecol Sci Inst, Orono, ME 04473 USA.
[Patrick, M.; Orr, T.; Sutton, A. J.; Dow, D.] USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii, HI 96718 USA.
[Wright, R.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Wright, R (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM wright@higp.hawaii.edu
FU NASA [NNX08AF08G]
FX The authors would like to thank the diligent work of the HVO scientists
and volunteers for recording daily observations at Kilauea. Greg Vaughan
(United States Geological Survey) reviewed the paper prior to
submission, and Sonia Calvari, Diego Coppola, and an anonymous reviewer
produced thoughtful reviews that helped clarify and improve the
manuscript. Koeppen and Wright were supported by NASA grant NNX08AF08G.
This is HIGP publication #2002 and SOEST publication #8876.
NR 39
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0258-8900
J9 B VOLCANOL
JI Bull. Volcanol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 75
IS 5
AR 716
DI 10.1007/s00445-013-0716-3
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 140TK
UT WOS:000318677900005
ER
PT J
AU Pierson, TC
Major, JJ
Amigo, A
Moreno, H
AF Pierson, Thomas C.
Major, Jon J.
Amigo, Alvaro
Moreno, Hugo
TI Acute sedimentation response to rainfall following the explosive phase
of the 2008-2009 eruption of Chaiten volcano, Chile
SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Chaiten; Lahar; Muddy flood; Volcaniclastic sedimentation; Channel
aggradation; Tephra fall; Rainfall runoff
ID MOUNT ST-HELENS; HYPERCONCENTRATED FLOW; UNZEN VOLCANO; DEBRIS FLOW;
DEPOSITS; TEPHRA; RIVER; WASHINGTON; TRANSPORT; EROSION
AB The 10-day explosive phase at the start of the 2008-2009 eruption of Chaiten volcano in southern Chile (42.83 degrees S, 72.65 degrees W) blanketed the steep, rain-forest-cloaked, 77-km(2) Chaiten River drainage basin with 3 to > 100 cm of tephra; predominantly fine to extremely fine rhyolitic ash fell during the latter half of the explosive phase. Rain falling on this ash blanket within days of cessation of major explosive activity generated a hyperconcentrated-flow lahar, followed closely by a complex, multi-day, muddy flood (streamflow bordering on dilute hyperconcentrated flow). Sediment mobilized in this lahar-flood event filled the Chaiten River channel with up to 7 m of sediment, buried the town of Chaiten (10 km downstream of the volcano) in up to 3 m of sediment, and caused the lower 3 km of the channel to avulse through the town. Although neither the nature nor rate of the sedimentation response is unprecedented, they are unusual in several ways: (1) Nearly 70 percent of the aggradation (almost 5 m) in the 50-70-m-wide Chaiten River channel was caused by a lahar, triggered by an estimated 20 mm of rainfall over a span of about 24 h. An additional 2 m of aggradation occurred in the next 2436 h. (2) Direct damage to the town was accomplished by the sediment-laden water-flood phase of the lahar-flood event, not the lahar phase. (3) The volume of sediment eroded from hillslopes and delivered to the Chaiten River channel was at least 3-8x10(6) m(3)-roughly 15-40 % of the minimum tephra volume that mantled the Chaiten River drainage basin. (4) The acute sedimentation response to rainfall appears to have been due to the thickness and fineness of the ash blanket (inhibiting infiltration of rain) and the steepness of the basin's hillslopes. Other possible factors such as the prior formation of an ash crust, development of a hydrophobic surface layer, or large-scale destruction of rain-intercepting vegetation did not play a role.
C1 [Pierson, Thomas C.; Major, Jon J.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Amigo, Alvaro; Moreno, Hugo] Programa Riesgos Volcan, Serv Nacl Geol & Mineria, Santiago, Chile.
RP Pierson, TC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, 1300 SE Cardinal Court,Ste 100, Vancouver, WA USA.
EM tpierson@usgs.gov; jjmajor@usgs.gov; aamigo@sernageomin.cl;
hmoreno@sernageomin.cl
OI Major, Jon/0000-0003-2449-4466
NR 62
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 25
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0258-8900
J9 B VOLCANOL
JI Bull. Volcanol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 75
IS 5
AR 723
DI 10.1007/s00445-013-0723-4
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 140TK
UT WOS:000318677900007
ER
PT J
AU Weinstein, Y
Weinberger, R
Calvert, A
AF Weinstein, Yishai
Weinberger, Ram
Calvert, Andrew
TI High-resolution Ar-40/Ar-39 study of Mount Avital, northern Golan:
reconstructing the interaction between volcanism and a drainage system
and their impact on eruptive styles
SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Phreatomagmatism; Dry-wet transition; Ar-40/Ar-39; Drainage system
ID BASALTIC VOLCANISM; ISRAEL; SYRIA; GEOCHRONOLOGY; PROVINCE; HISTORY;
HEIGHTS; ORIGIN; WATER
AB We present a high-resolution Ar-40/Ar-39 data set of a volcanic complex at Mt. Avital, northern Golan, which experienced a transition from strombolian to phreatomagmatic activity. Previous studies attributed this transition to a change in the drainage basin of a nearby stream due to the damming by a lava flow, which resulted in flooding of the eruption site. In this study we determined the age of different volcanic phases and events in the history of Mt. Avital, as well as that of the damming flow, and examined the cause of the transition in light of the new Ar-40/Ar-39 ages. The Ar-40/Ar-39 results show that the history of Mt. Avital includes two main phases of volcanic activity, an early phase at ca. 800-600 ka and a late phase at 120-95 ka. Most of the activity of the late phase was continuous (within the Ar-40/Ar-39 error), including the transition to phreatomagmatic explosions, which occurred sometime between 115-107 ka, probably between 115-113 ka. The age of the damming flow is 115.6 +/- 3.1 ka, which suggests that the volcanic activity immediately reacted to the change in the drainage basin dynamics. The activity culminated with lava flow eruptions, the latest at 100 +/- 4 ka, either due to the establishment of the tuff ring levees, which prevented access of water to the eruption site, or due to the migration of activity to the northern part and then to the southern part of the complex.
C1 [Weinstein, Yishai] Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
[Weinberger, Ram] Geol Survey Israel, IL-95501 Jerusalem, Israel.
[Calvert, Andrew] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Weinstein, Y (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
EM weinsty@biu.ac.il
FU Israeli Ministry of Energy and Water Resources [24-17-024]
FX We wish to express our gratitudes to Doron Mor, the pioneer of volcanism
research in the Golan. We were just following in his big footsteps. We
also thank Yehudit Harlavan for the helpful discussions of the K-Ar
chronology. The manuscript very much benefited from the thorough and
helpful reviews of Marie-Noelle Guilbaud and David Phillips and of
associate editor Pierre-Simon Ross. This study was partly supported by
the Israeli Ministry of Energy and Water Resources (grant no.
24-17-024).
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0258-8900
J9 B VOLCANOL
JI Bull. Volcanol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 75
IS 5
AR 712
DI 10.1007/s00445-013-0712-7
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 140TK
UT WOS:000318677900003
ER
PT J
AU McKenna, JE
Carlson, DM
Payne-Wynne, ML
AF McKenna, James E., Jr.
Carlson, Douglas M.
Payne-Wynne, Molly L.
TI Predicting locations of rare aquatic species' habitat with a combination
of species-specific and assemblage-based models
SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Conservation priorities; freshwater darters; landscape models; lotic
habitat; neural networks; rare fish
ID BROOK TROUT; NEW-YORK; LANDSCAPE VARIABLES; GAP ANALYSIS; LAND-USE;
FISH; STREAMS; CLASSIFICATION; CONSERVATION; DIVERSITY
AB Aim Rare aquatic species are a substantial component of biodiversity, and their conservation is a major objective of many management plans. However, they are difficult to assess, and their optimal habitats are often poorly known. Methods to effectively predict the likely locations of suitable rare aquatic species habitats are needed. We combine two modelling approaches to predict occurrence and general abundance of several rare fish species. Location Allegheny watershed of western New York State (USA) Methods Our method used two empirical neural network modelling approaches (species specific and assemblage based) to predict stream-by-stream occurrence and general abundance of rare darters, based on broad-scale habitat conditions. Species-specific models were developed for longhead darter (Percina macrocephala), spotted darter (Etheostoma maculatum) and variegate darter (Etheostoma variatum) in the Allegheny drainage. An additional model predicted the type of rare darter-containing assemblage expected in each stream reach. Predictions from both models were then combined inclusively and exclusively and compared with additional independent data. Results Example rare darter predictions demonstrate the method's effectiveness. Models performed well (R20.79), identified where suitable darter habitat was most likely to occur, and predictions matched well to those of collection sites. Additional independent data showed that the most conservative (exclusive) model slightly underestimated the distributions of these rare darters or predictions were displaced by one stream reach, suggesting that new darter habitat types were detected in the later collections. Main conclusions Broad-scale habitat variables can be used to effectively identify rare species' habitats. Combining species-specific and assemblage-based models enhances our ability to make use of the sparse data on rare species and to identify habitat units most likely and least likely to support those species. This hybrid approach may assist managers with the prioritization of habitats to be examined or conserved for rare species.
C1 [McKenna, James E., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
[Carlson, Douglas M.] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Watertown, NY 13601 USA.
[Payne-Wynne, Molly L.] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
RP McKenna, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
EM jemckenna@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey, Aquatic Gap Analysis Program
FX Partial funding for this work was provided by the US Geological Survey,
Aquatic Gap Analysis Program. We would like to thank C. Festa and the
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation for providing
the fish collection data that were critical to this research. We are
grateful to M. Slattery, J. Rugirello, M. Henry and D. Gallagher for
their assistance with GIS and model development. We are also indebted to
the members of the Great Lakes Regional Aquatic Gap Analysis team for
their efforts to provide us with habitat and landscape data and those
who have provided their time and expertise to review this paper. This is
contribution #1727 of the U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science
Center. Use of trade, product or firm names does not imply endorsement
by the U.S. Government.
NR 52
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 35
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1366-9516
EI 1472-4642
J9 DIVERS DISTRIB
JI Divers. Distrib.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 5-6
SI SI
BP 503
EP 517
DI 10.1111/ddi.12059
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 138KP
UT WOS:000318507800003
ER
PT J
AU Zelikova, TJ
Hufbauer, RA
Reed, SC
Wertin, T
Fettig, C
Belnap, J
AF Zelikova, Tamara J.
Hufbauer, Ruth A.
Reed, Sasha C.
Wertin, Timothy
Fettig, Christa
Belnap, Jayne
TI Eco-evolutionary responses of Bromus tectorum to climate change:
implications for biological invasions
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bromus tectorum; cheatgrass; climate change; Colorado Plateau; phenology
ID SOUTHWESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; ECOLOGICAL GENETICS; COLORADO PLATEAU; PLANT
INVASIONS; GLOBAL CHANGE; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; RAPID EVOLUTION; WINTER
DROUGHT; CHANGE IMPACTS; DOWNY BROME
AB How plant populations, communities, and ecosystems respond to climate change is a critical focus in ecology today. The responses of introduced species may be especially rapid. Current models that incorporate temperature and precipitation suggest that future Bromus tectorum invasion risk is low for the Colorado Plateau. With a field warming experiment at two sites in southeastern Utah, we tested this prediction over 4years, measuring B.tectorum phenology, biomass, and reproduction. In a complimentary greenhouse study, we assessed whether changes in field B.tectorum biomass and reproductive output influence offspring performance. We found that following a wet winter and early spring, the timing of spring growth initiation, flowering, and summer senescence all advanced in warmed plots at both field sites and the shift in phenology was progressively larger with greater warming. Earlier green-up and development was associated with increases in B.tectorum biomass and reproductive output, likely due early spring growth, when soil moisture was not limiting, and a lengthened growing season. Seeds collected from plants grown in warmed plots had higher biomass and germination rates and lower mortality than seeds from ambient plots. However, in the following two dry years, we observed no differences in phenology between warmed and ambient plots. In addition, warming had a generally negative effect on B.tectorum biomass and reproduction in dry years and this negative effect was significant in the plots that received the highest warming treatment. In contrast to models that predict negative responses of B.tectorum to warmer climate on the Colorado Plateau, the effects of warming were more nuanced, relied on background climate, and differed between the two field sites. Our results highlight the importance of considering the interacting effects of temperature, precipitation, and site-specific characteristics such as soil texture, on plant demography and have direct implications for B.tectorum invasion dynamics on the Colorado Plateau.
C1 [Zelikova, Tamara J.; Reed, Sasha C.; Wertin, Timothy; Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
[Zelikova, Tamara J.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Berry Biodivers Conservat Ctr, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Hufbauer, Ruth A.; Fettig, Christa] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hufbauer, Ruth A.; Fettig, Christa] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Wertin, Timothy] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Zelikova, TJ (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM tzelikova@usgs.gov
FU Department of Energy PER program
FX This study was funded by the Department of Energy PER program for
providing funding for this project.; Authors thank the Department of
Energy PER program for providing funding for this project. Hilda Smith
and many other field technicians made the field effort a success. Carol
Janicke, Cassandra Lubenow, and Hannah Wilbur provided greenhouse
assistance. The manuscript was greatly improved following suggestions of
Steve Ostoja and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 76
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Z9 12
U1 8
U2 124
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 5
BP 1374
EP 1387
DI 10.1002/ece3.542
PG 14
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 142MW
UT WOS:000318802500021
PM 23762522
ER
PT J
AU Lohman, RB
Murray, JR
AF Lohman, Rowena B.
Murray, Jessica R.
TI The SCEC Geodetic Transient-Detection Validation Exercise
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE; SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; SLOW EARTHQUAKES; SILENT
SLIP; KILAUEA VOLCANO; EPISODIC TREMOR; RUPTURE; JAPAN; INTERFACE;
INVERSION
C1 [Lohman, Rowena B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Murray, Jessica R.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Lohman, RB (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 4130 Snee Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
EM jrmurray@usgs.gov
RI Lohman, Rowena/C-2324-2013
OI Lohman, Rowena/0000-0001-7240-3165
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); Southern California Earthquake Center
(SCEC); National Science Foundation [EAR-0529922, 1033462]; USGS
[07HQAG0008, G12AC20038]
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the
Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC). SCEC is funded by National
Science Foundation Cooperative Agreements EAR-0529922 and 1033462 and by
USGS Cooperative Agreements 07HQAG0008 and G12AC20038. The SCEC
contribution number for this Paper is 1700. We also thank Jeanne
Hardebeck and Ruth Harris for thoughtful reviews that helped
substantially improve the manuscript.
NR 55
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 3
BP 419
EP 425
DI 10.1785/0220130041
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 135ZA
UT WOS:000318328000002
ER
PT J
AU Roig-Silva, CM
Asencio, E
Joyce, J
AF Roig-Silva, Coral Marie
Asencio, Eugenio
Joyce, James
TI The Northwest Trending North Boqueron Bay-Punta Montalva Fault Zone; A
Through Going Active Fault System in Southwestern Puerto Rico
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HOLOCENE FAULT; VIRGIN-ISLANDS; NEOTECTONICS; CONSTRAINTS; GEOLOGY
C1 [Roig-Silva, Coral Marie] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Asencio, Eugenio; Joyce, James] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Geol, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
RP Roig-Silva, CM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr MS 521, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
FU Department of Geology of the University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus;
Society of Exploration Geophysicists; Puerto Rico Seismic Network
FX Partial funding for this investigation was provided by the Department of
Geology of the University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus; the Society
of Exploration Geophysicists for the Project of Special Merits Ground
Penetrating Radar Field Experience conducted with the University of
South Carolina and the University of Puerto Rico; and the Puerto Rico
Seismic Network. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US.
Government.
NR 37
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Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 3
BP 538
EP 550
DI 10.1785/0220120115
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 135ZA
UT WOS:000318328000016
ER
PT J
AU Godsey, MS
King, RJ
Burkhalter, K
Delorey, M
Colton, L
Charnetzky, D
Sutherland, G
Ezenwa, VO
Wilson, LA
Coffey, M
Milheim, LE
Taylor, VG
Palmisano, C
Wesson, DM
Guptill, SC
AF Godsey, Marvin S., Jr.
King, Raymond J.
Burkhalter, Kristen
Delorey, Mark
Colton, Leah
Charnetzky, Dawn
Sutherland, Genevieve
Ezenwa, Vanessa O.
Wilson, Lawrence A.
Coffey, Michelle
Milheim, Lesley E.
Taylor, Viki G.
Palmisano, Charles
Wesson, Dawn M.
Guptill, Stephen C.
TI Ecology of Potential West Nile Virus Vectors in Southeastern Louisiana:
Enzootic Transmission in the Relative Absence of Culex quinquefasciatus
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID HOST-FEEDING PATTERNS; BATON-ROUGE PARISH; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA-CULICIDAE;
NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; FIELD-COLLECTED MOSQUITOS; EQUINE
ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; DIFFERENT HABITAT TYPES; ST-TAMMANY-PARISH; TAMPA
BAY AREA; NEW-YORK
AB A study of West Nile virus (WNV) ecology was conducted in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, from 2002 to 2004. Mosquitoes were collected weekly throughout the year using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps placed at 1.5 and 6 m above the ground and gravid traps. A total of 379,466 mosquitoes was collected. WNV was identified in 32 pools of mosquitoes comprising four species; 23 positive pools were from Culex nigripalpus collected during 2003. Significantly more positive pools were obtained from Cx. nigripalpus collected in traps placed at 6 m than 1.5 m that year, but abundance did not differ by trap height. In contrast, Cx. nigripalpus abundance was significantly greater in traps placed at 6 m in 2002 and 2004. Annual temporal variation in Cx. nigripalpus peak seasonal abundance has important implications for WNV transmission in Louisiana. One WNV-positive pool, from Cx. erraticus, was collected during the winter of 2004, showing year-round transmission. The potential roles of additional mosquito species in WNV transmission in southeastern Louisiana are discussed.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Ezenwa, Vanessa O.; Coffey, Michelle; Milheim, Lesley E.; Guptill, Stephen C.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Wilson, Lawrence A.] Fernbank Sci Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Taylor, Viki G.; Palmisano, Charles] St Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement Dist, Slidell, LA USA.
[Wesson, Dawn M.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA.
[Godsey, Marvin S., Jr.; Burkhalter, Kristen; Delorey, Mark; Colton, Leah; Charnetzky, Dawn; Sutherland, Genevieve] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[King, Raymond J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Informat & Technol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Godsey, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM mjg9@cdc.gov; rnk8@cdc.gov; ktb3@cdc.gov; esy7@cdc.gov; ant6@cdc.gov;
dcharnetzky@yahoo.com; genevieve_sutherland@yahoo.com; vezenwa@uga.edu;
larry.wilson@fernbank.edu; mcoffey@usgs.gov; lmilheim@usgs.gov;
bugladyviki@yahoo.com; chuck_palmisano@yahoo.com; wesson@tulane.edu;
sguptill@guptillgeoscience.com
FU US Geological Survey; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
FX Funding for this study was provided by the US Geological Survey and the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
NR 59
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Z9 1
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 5
BP 986
EP 996
DI 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0109
PG 11
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 136WR
UT WOS:000318394600029
PM 23478575
ER
PT J
AU Schwab, WC
Baldwin, WE
Hapke, CJ
Lentz, EE
Gayes, PT
Denny, JF
List, JH
Warner, JC
AF Schwab, William C.
Baldwin, Wayne E.
Hapke, Cheryl J.
Lentz, Erika E.
Gayes, Paul T.
Denny, Jane F.
List, Jeffrey H.
Warner, John C.
TI Geologic Evidence for Onshore Sediment Transport from the Inner
Continental Shelf: Fire Island, New York
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Coastal erosion; sediment budget; cross-shore transport; closure depth;
alongshore transport; sediment source; littoral sediment; inlet;
ebb-tidal shoal; seafloor mapping
ID SHOREFACE-CONNECTED RIDGES; RIPPLED SCOUR DEPRESSIONS; MIDDLE ATLANTIC
BIGHT; SEA-LEVEL RISE; LONG-ISLAND; NORTH-CAROLINA; SOUTH-CAROLINA; SAND
RIDGES; WRIGHTSVILLE BEACH; FIELD DATA
AB Sediment budget analyses along the south shore of Fire Island, New York, have been conducted and debated in the scientific and coastal engineering literature for decades. It is well documented that a primary component of sediment transport in this system is directed alongshore from E to W, but discrepancies in volumetric sediment budget calculations remain. An additional quantity of sand, averaging about 200,000 m(3)/y is required to explain the growth of the western segment of the barrier island, a prograding spit. Littoral sediment derived from updrift erosion of the coast, addition of beach nourishment fill, and onshore transport of inner continental shelf, shoreface sediments, or both have all been proposed as potential sources of the additional sediment needed to balance the sediment budget deficit. Analysis of high-resolution seafioor mapping data collected in 2011, including seismic reflection profiles and inteferometric sonar acoustic backscatter and swath bathymetry; comparison with seafloor mapping data collected in 1996-1997; and shoreline change analysis from 1933 to 2011 support previous suggestions that the inner-shelf Holocene sedimentary deposit is a likely source to resolve this sediment budget discrepancy.
C1 [Schwab, William C.; Baldwin, Wayne E.; Lentz, Erika E.; Denny, Jane F.; List, Jeffrey H.; Warner, John C.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Hapke, Cheryl J.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Gayes, Paul T.] Coastal Carolina Univ, Ctr Marine & Wetland Studies, Conway, SC 29526 USA.
RP Schwab, WC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM bschwab@usgs.gov
OI Lentz, Erika/0000-0002-0621-8954
NR 113
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 18
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 3
BP 526
EP 544
DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-12-00160.1
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 137SI
UT WOS:000318457300004
ER
PT J
AU Warrick, JA
AF Warrick, Jonathan A.
TI Dispersal of Fine Sediment in Nearshore Coastal Waters
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fine-grained sediment; nearshore processes; beach processes; continental
shelf; grain size; surf zone processes
ID SURF-ZONE; SETTLING VELOCITY; RIVER; TRANSPORT; CALIFORNIA; OCEAN;
PLUME; FLUX
AB Fine sediment (silt and clay) plays an important role in the physical, ecological, and environmental conditions of coastal systems, yet little is known about the dispersal and fate of fine sediment across coastal margin settings outside of river mouths. Here I provide simple physical scaling and detailed monitoring of a beach nourishment project near Imperial Beach, California, with a high portion of fines (similar to 40% silt and clay by weight). These results provide insights into the pathways and residence times of fine sediment transport across a wave-dominated coastal margin. Monitoring of the project used physical, optical, acoustic, and remote sensing techniques to track the fine portion of the nourishment sediment. The initial transport of fine sediment from the beach was influenced strongly by longshore currents of the surf zone that were established in response to the approach angles of the waves. The mean residence time of fine sediment in the surf zone once it was suspended was approximately 1 hour, and rapid decreases in surf zone fine sediment concentrations along the beach resulted from mixing and offshore transport in turbid rip heads. For example, during a day with oblique wave directions and surf zone longshore currents of approximately 25 cm/s, the offshore losses of fine sediment in rips resulted in a 95% reduction in alongshore surf zone fine sediment flux within 1 km of the nourishment site. However, because of the direct placement of nourishment sediment on the beach, fine suspended-sediment concentrations in the swash zone remained elevated for several days after nourishment, while fine sediment was winnowed from the beach. Once offshore of the surf zone, fine sediment settled downward in the water column and was observed to transport along and across the inner shelf. Vertically sheared currents influenced the directions and rates of fine sediment transport on the shelf. Sedimentation of fine sediment was greatest on the seafloor directly offshore of the nourishment site. However, a mass balance of sediment suggests that the majority of the fine sediment moved far away (over 2 km) from the nourishment site or to water depths greater than 10 m, where fine sediment represents a substantial portion of the bed material. Thus, the fate of fine sediment in nearshore waters was influenced strongly by wave conditions, surf zone and rip current transport, and the vertical density and flow conditions of coastal waters.
C1 US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Warrick, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM jwarrick@usgs.gov
FU California Ocean Protection Council; California Coastal Conservancy;
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, California Department of Boating and
Waterways; USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program
FX This work was funded by the California Ocean Protection Council, the
California Coastal Conservancy, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
California Department of Boating and Waterways, and the USGS Coastal and
Marine Geology Program. The nourishment project was managed by Karen
Bane of the California Coastal Conservancy and Clay Phillips of the
Border Field State Park with assistance from the staff of the Tijuana
River National Estuarine Research Reserve, the Southwest Wetlands
Interpretive Association, Border Field State Park, Nordby Biological
Consulting, Moffatt & Nichol, and Diamond Lane Contractors. Special
thanks are given for assistance from Mayda Winter, Jeff Crooks, Chris
Peregrin, Chris Nordby, Brian Leslie, Clif Davenport, Chris Webb, and
Megan Johnson. Field and laboratory assistance was provided by Ian
Miller, Joanne Ferreira, Josh Logan, Kurt Rosenberger, Meg Rippy, Angela
Lam, Mike Torresan, and Clif Davenport.
NR 46
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 23
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 3
BP 579
EP 596
DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-12-00087.1
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 137SI
UT WOS:000318457300008
ER
PT J
AU Gallien, TW
Barnard, PL
van Ormondt, M
Foxgrover, AC
Sanders, BF
AF Gallien, Timu W.
Barnard, Patrick L.
van Ormondt, Maarten
Foxgrover, Amy C.
Sanders, Brett F.
TI A Parcel-Scale Coastal Flood Forecasting Prototype for a Southern
California Urbanized Embayment
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Inundation; sea level rise; storm surge; validation; urban coastal
flooding; CoSMoS; multiscale model; regional model; DEM; DTM; flood
risk; coastal hazard
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; WAVE MODELS; STORM-SURGE; INUNDATION; GENERATION;
PREDICTION; SIMULATION; SCENARIOS; EVENTS; LIDAR
AB Coastal flood risk in California is concentrated around urbanized embayments that are protected by infrastructure, such as levees, pumps, and flood walls, which pose a challenge to accurate flood prediction. A capability to predict coastal urban flooding at the parcel-scale (individual home or street) from high ocean levels (extreme high tides) is shown here by coupling a regional ocean forecasting system to an embayment-scale hydrodynamic model that incorporates detailed information about flood defenses. A unique flooding data set affords the rare opportunity to validate model predictions and allows us to identify model data that are essential for accurate forecasting. In particular, results show that flood defense height data are critical, and here, that information is supplied by a Real Time Kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK-GPS) survey, which yields ca. 1-cm, vertical root mean-squared error accuracy. Bathymetry surveys and aerial Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data characterizing the embayment also prove essential. Moreover, hydrodynamic modeling of flood inundation is shown to significantly improve on planar surface models, which overestimate inundation, particularly when manipulated to account for run-up in a simplistic way. This is attributed to the transient nature of overtopping flows and motivates the need for dynamic, spatially-distributed overtopping models that are tailored to the urban environment.
C1 [Gallien, Timu W.; Sanders, Brett F.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Barnard, Patrick L.; Foxgrover, Amy C.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[van Ormondt, Maarten] Deltares, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands.
RP Gallien, TW (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
RI Sanders, Brett/K-7153-2012
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0825165, CMMI-1129730]
FX This work was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation
(CMMI-0825165 and CMMI-1129730) and made possible by the gracious
cooperation of the City of Newport Beach, California, personnel who
shared geospatial data, photographs, and invaluable site-specific
knowledge. The authors gratefully acknowledge the anonymous reviewers
for their constructive comments on the draft manuscript.
NR 64
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 30
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
EI 1551-5036
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 3
BP 642
EP 656
DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-12-00114.1
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 137SI
UT WOS:000318457300014
ER
PT J
AU Stocchi, P
Escutia, C
Houben, AJP
Vermeersen, BLA
Bijl, PK
Brinkhuis, H
DeConto, RM
Galeotti, S
Passchier, S
Pollard, D
Brinkhuis, H
Escutia, C
Klaus, A
Fehr, A
Williams, T
Bendle, JAP
Bijl, PK
Bohaty, SM
Carr, SA
Dunbar, RB
Flores, JA
Gonzalez, JJ
Iwai, M
Jimenez-Espejo, FJ
Katsuki, K
Kong, GS
Mckay, RM
Nakai, M
Olney, MP
Passchier, S
Pekar, SF
Pross, J
Riesselman, C
Rohl, U
Sakai, T
Shrivastava, PK
Stickley, CE
Sugisaki, S
Tauxe, L
Tuo, ST
van de Flierdt, T
Welsh, K
Yamane, M
Hayden, TG
AF Stocchi, Paolo
Escutia, Carlota
Houben, Alexander J. P.
Vermeersen, Bert L. A.
Bijl, Peter K.
Brinkhuis, Henk
DeConto, Robert M.
Galeotti, Simone
Passchier, Sandra
Pollard, David
Brinkhuis, Henk
Escutia, Carlota
Klaus, Adam
Fehr, Annick
Williams, Trevor
Bendle, James A. P.
Bijl, Peter K.
Bohaty, Steven M.
Carr, Stephanie A.
Dunbar, Robert B.
Flores, Jose Abel
Gonzalez, Jhon J.
Iwai, Masao
Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J.
Katsuki, Kota
Kong, Gee Soo
McKay, Robert M.
Nakai, Mutsumi
Olney, Matthew P.
Passchier, Sandra
Pekar, Stephen F.
Pross, Jorg
Riesselman, Christina
Rohl, Ursula
Sakai, Toyosaburo
Shrivastava, Prakash Kumar
Stickley, Catherine E.
Sugisaki, Saiko
Tauxe, Lisa
Tuo, Shouting
van de Flierdt, Tina
Welsh, Kevin
Yamane, Masako
Hayden, Travis G.
CA IODP Expedition 318 Scientists
TI Relative sea-level rise around East Antarctica during Oligocene
glaciation
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE TRANSITION; ICE-SHEET; EUSTASY; RECORDS
AB During the middle and late Eocene (similar to 48-34 Myr ago), the Earth's climate cooled(1,2) and an ice sheet built up on Antarctica. The stepwise expansion of ice on Antarctica(3,4) induced crustal deformation and gravitational perturbations around the continent. Close to the ice sheet, sea level rose(5,6) despite an overall reduction in the mass of the ocean caused by the transfer of water to the ice sheet. Here we identify the crustal response to ice-sheet growth by forcing a glacial-hydro isostatic adjustment model(7) with an Antarctic ice-sheet model. We find that the shelf areas around East Antarctica first shoaled as upper mantle material upwelled and a peripheral forebulge developed. The inner shelf subsequently subsided as lithosphere flexure extended outwards from the ice-sheet margins. Consequently the coasts experienced a progressive relative sea-level rise. Our analysis of sediment cores from the vicinity of the Antarctic ice sheet are in agreement with the spatial patterns of relative sea-level change indicated by our simulations. Our results are consistent with the suggestion(8) that near-field processes such as local sea-level change influence the equilibrium state obtained by an ice-sheet grounding line.
C1 [Stocchi, Paolo; Vermeersen, Bert L. A.; Brinkhuis, Henk] NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.
[Escutia, Carlota] CSIC UGR, Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra, Armilla 18100, Spain.
[Houben, Alexander J. P.; Bijl, Peter K.; Brinkhuis, Henk] Univ Utrecht, Fac Sci, Dept Earth Sci, NL-3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Houben, Alexander J. P.] Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res TNO, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands.
[DeConto, Robert M.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Galeotti, Simone] Univ Urbino Carlo Bo Localita Crocicchia, Dipartimento Geo TeCA, I-61029 Urbino, Italy.
[Passchier, Sandra] Montclair State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Studies, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
[Pollard, David] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Brinkhuis, Henk] NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.
[Brinkhuis, Henk; Bijl, Peter K.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Sci, Dept Earth Sci, NL-3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Escutia, Carlota] CSIC UGR, Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra, Armilla 18100, Spain.
[Klaus, Adam] Texas A&M Univ, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, US Implementing Org, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[Fehr, Annick] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Appl Geophys & Geothermal Energy, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
[Williams, Trevor; Pekar, Stephen F.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Bendle, James A. P.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Bohaty, Steven M.] Univ Southampton, Natl Oceanog Ctr, Ocean & Earth Sci, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England.
[Carr, Stephanie A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Dunbar, Robert B.] Stanford Univ, Environm Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Flores, Jose Abel] Univ Salamanca, Salamanca 37008, Spain.
[Gonzalez, Jhon J.] Univ Granada, Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra, Granada 18002, Spain.
[Hayden, Travis G.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
[Iwai, Masao] Kochi Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Kochi 7808520, Japan.
[Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Environm Stud, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Katsuki, Kota] Kochi Univ, Marine & Core Res Ctr, Kochi 7838502, Japan.
[Kong, Gee Soo] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Petr & Marine Res Div, Daejeon 305350, South Korea.
[McKay, Robert M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Antarct Res Ctr, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
[Nakai, Mutsumi] Daito Bunka Univ, Educ Dept, Tokyo 1758571, Japan.
[Olney, Matthew P.] Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Passchier, Sandra] Montclair State Univ, Earth & Environm Studies, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
[Pekar, Stephen F.] CUNY Queens Coll, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
[Pross, Jorg] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Geosci, Paleoenvironm Dynam Grp, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Riesselman, Christina] USGS, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Rohl, Ursula] Univ Bremen, MARUM, Ctr Marine Environm Sci, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Sakai, Toyosaburo] Utsunomiya Univ, Dept Geol, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 3218505, Japan.
[Shrivastava, Prakash Kumar] Geol Survey India, Polar Studies Div, Faridabad 121001, India.
[Stickley, Catherine E.] Univ Tromso, Dept Geol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway.
[Sugisaki, Saiko] Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Tauxe, Lisa] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Geosci Res Div, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Tuo, Shouting] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Marine Geol, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
[van de Flierdt, Tina] Imperial Coll London, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Welsh, Kevin] Univ Queensland, Sch Earth Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Yamane, Masako] Univ Tokyo, Earth & Planetary Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
RP Stocchi, P (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, IMAU Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Princetonpl 5, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands.
EM Paolo.Stocchi@nioz.nl
RI Escutia, Carlota/B-8614-2015; McKay, Robert/N-2449-2015; Flores,
Jose-Abel/D-4218-2009; Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco /F-4486-2016;
Passchier, Sandra/B-1993-2008; Rohl, Ursula/G-5986-2011;
OI Escutia, Carlota/0000-0002-4932-8619; McKay, Robert/0000-0002-5602-6985;
Flores, Jose-Abel/0000-0003-1909-293X; Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco
/0000-0002-0335-8580; Welsh, Kevin/0000-0002-4834-4190; Passchier,
Sandra/0000-0001-7204-7025; Rohl, Ursula/0000-0001-9469-7053; Houben,
Alexander/0000-0002-9497-1048
FU Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)
[ALW-GO-A0/02-05]; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
(KNAW); Spanish Ministry of Science and Education [CTM2011-24079];
Statoil; National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs
[ANT-1245283]; COST Action [ES0701]; US National Foundation
[ANT-0424589, 1043018, OCE-1202632]
FX This work was financially supported by the Netherlands Organization for
Scientific Research (NWO, Project Number ALW-GO-A0/02-05). P.S.
acknowledges financial support from the Academy Professorship awarded by
the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) to H.
Oerlemans. C.E. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry
of Science and Education grant No. CTM2011-24079. A.J.P.H. acknowledges
financial support from Statoil. S.P. acknowledges support from the
National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs (Award Number
ANT-1245283). The authors are grateful to IODP for the samples collected
during Expedition 318 to Wilkes Land. This research has been sponsored
by the COST Action ES0701. The authors are grateful to VPRO TV and the
Beagle Series. Further support was provided by the US National
Foundation under awards ANT-0424589, 1043018 and OCE-1202632.
NR 28
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PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 5
BP 380
EP 384
DI 10.1038/NGEO1783
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 134QA
UT WOS:000318227000019
ER
PT J
AU Kent, R
Landon, MK
AF Kent, Robert
Landon, Matthew K.
TI Trends in concentrations of nitrate and total dissolved solids in public
supply wells of the Bunker Hill, Lytle, Rialto, and Colton groundwater
subbasins, San Bernardino County, California: Influence of legacy land
use
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Groundwater; Trends; Nitrate; Total dissolved solids; Public supply
ID JOAQUIN VALLEY; UNITED-STATES; WATER-QUALITY; DENITRIFICATION; AQUIFER;
FLOW; CONTAMINATION; CHEMISTRY; AREAS
AB Concentrations and temporal changes in concentrations of nitrate and total dissolved solids (TDS) in groundwater of the Bunker Hill, Lytle, Rialto, and Colton groundwater subbasins of the Upper Santa Ana Valley Groundwater Basin were evaluated to identify trends and factors that may be affecting trends. One hundred, thirty-one public-supply wells were selected for analysis based on the availability of data spanning at least 11 years between the late 1980s and the 2000s.
Forty-one of the 131 wells (31%) had a significant (p<0.10) increase in nitrate and 14 wells (11%) had a significant decrease in nitrate. For TDS, 46 wells (35%) had a significant increase and 8 wells (6%) had a significant decrease. Slopes for the observed significant trends ranged from -0.44 to 0.91 mg/L/yr for nitrate (as N) and -8 to 13 mg/L/yr for TDS.
Increasing nitrate trends were associated with greater well depth, higher percentage of agricultural land use, and being closer to the distal end of the flow system. Decreasing nitrate trends were associated with the occurrence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs); VOC occurrence decreases with increasing depth.
The relations of nitrate trends to depth, lateral position, and VOCs imply that increasing nitrate concentrations are associated with nitrate loading from historical agricultural land use and that more recent urban land use is generally associated with lower nitrate concentrations and greater VOC occurrence. Increasing TDS trends were associated with relatively greater current nitrate concentrations and relatively greater amounts of urban land. Decreasing TDS trends were associated with relatively greater amounts of natural land use. Trends in TDS concentrations were not related to depth, lateral position, or VOC occurrence, reflecting more complex factors affecting TDS than nitrate in the study area. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Kent, Robert; Landon, Matthew K.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, San Diego, CA 95101 USA.
RP Kent, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 95101 USA.
EM rhkent@usgs.gov
FU California State Water Resources Control Board
FX The authors appreciate the financial support of the California State
Water Resources Control Board, the cooperation of well owners in
California, the efforts of USGS colleagues who participated in the
sampling program, and the reviewers at the USGS and STOTEN who helped
improve the paper.
NR 75
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 452
BP 125
EP 136
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.042
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 138SP
UT WOS:000318530600014
PM 23500406
ER
PT J
AU Ge, J
Woodward, LA
Li, QX
Wang, J
AF Ge, Jing
Woodward, Lee Ann
Li, Qing X.
Wang, Jun
TI Composition, distribution and risk assessment of organochlorine
pesticides in soils from the Midway Atoll, North Pacific Ocean
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE DDTs; HCHs; Midway Atoll; Marine pollution; Risk assessment; Soils
ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; SEDIMENTS;
DDT; AIR; HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE; TOXICITY; ISLAND; BAY
AB Concentrations of legacy organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites (e.g., DDE and DDD), and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) were determined in 111 soil samples from the Midway Atoll. OCPs were found in all samples analyzed, with predominance of alpha-HCH, p,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDT. The total concentrations ranged from 0 to 127 ng g(-1), with a median concentration of 17 ng g(-1) for HCHs and 1.4 to 643 ng g(-1), with a median concentration of 168 ng g(-1) for DDTs. The possible degradation pathways and potential sources of DDTs and HCHs were investigated. The total concentrations of DDTs and HCHs were used to evaluate the cancer risk probabilities in humans via ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation of soil particles. Very low cancer risk was found in all soil samples caused by Sigma DDTs and Sigma HCHs. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ge, Jing; Wang, Jun] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Garden, Key Lab Aquat Bot & Watershed Ecol, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.
[Woodward, Lee Ann] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pacific Reefs NWRC, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
[Li, Qing X.; Wang, Jun] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Li, QX (reprint author), 1955 East West Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM qingl@hawaii.edu; wangjun@wbgcas.cn
RI Wang, Jun/H-5837-2015
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Open Funding Project of the Key
Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences
FX This project was supported in part by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(QXL) and the Open Funding Project of the Key Laboratory of Aquatic
Botany and Watershed Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (JW). All
samples were collected under the permit of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service.
NR 30
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 452
BP 421
EP 426
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.015
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 138SP
UT WOS:000318530600045
PM 23542436
ER
PT J
AU Bianchi, CA
Haig, SM
AF Bianchi, Carlos A.
Haig, Susan M.
TI Deforestation Trends of Tropical Dry Forests in Central Brazil
SO BIOTROPICA
LA English
DT Article
DE cerrado; deforestation patterns; forest fragmentation; Parana River
Basin; tropical dry forest
ID CONSERVATION STATUS; FRAGMENTATION; PRIORITIES; CERRADO; REGION; CHACO
AB Tropical dry forests are the most threatened forest type in the world yet a paucity of research about them stymies development of appropriate conservation actions. The ParanA River Basin has the most significant dry forest formations in the Cerrado biome of central Brazil and is threatened by intense land conversion to pastures and agriculture. We examined changes in ParanA River Basin deforestation rates and fragmentation across three time intervals that covered 31yr using Landsat imagery. Our results indicated a 66.3 percent decrease in forest extent between 1977 and 2008, with an annual rate of forest cover change of 3.5 percent. Landscape metrics further indicated severe forest loss and fragmentation, resulting in an increase in the number of fragments and reduction in patch sizes. Forest fragments in flatlands have virtually disappeared and the only significant forest remnants are mostly found over limestone outcrops in the eastern part of the basin. If current patterns persist, we project that these forests will likely disappear within 25yr. These patterns may be reversed with creation of protected areas and involvement of local people to preserve small fragments that can be managed for restoration.
C1 [Bianchi, Carlos A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Bianchi, Carlos A.] Univ Fed Goias, Fac Letras, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil.
[Haig, Susan M.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Bianchi, CA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM cacbianchi@gmail.com
FU USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center; Fundacao O Boticario
de Protecao a Natureza; Cleveland Metroparks Zoo (Scott Neotropical
Fund); Parrots International; Canadian Parrot Symposium; Pesquisa e
Conservacao do Cerrado (PEQUI); Pacific Islands Conservation Research
Association; CAPES/Fulbright [15053166/201604-4]
FX We thank C. Torgensen, D. Pflugmacher and S. Brant for assistance with
methods, data analysis and valuable discussions during project
development. P. Haggerty provided help with GIS. A. Portella and F.
Bianchi helped in fieldwork. We thank A. Sanchez-Azofeifa, A. Sampaio,
C. Phillips, J. Ghazoul, S. Otterstrom and three anonymous reviewers for
useful comments on the manuscript. USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem
Science Center, Fundacao O Boticario de Protecao a Natureza, Cleveland
Metroparks Zoo (Scott Neotropical Fund), Parrots International, Canadian
Parrot Symposium, Pesquisa e Conservacao do Cerrado (PEQUI), Pacific
Islands Conservation Research Association provided financial support for
this study. Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservacao da Biodiversidade
(ICMBio) and the Centro Nacional de Pesquisa para Conservacao das Aves
Silvestres (CEMAVE) granted permits (16808-1; 3041/1) for fieldwork in
Brazil. CAB was supported by a CAPES/Fulbright doctoral scholarship
(15053166/201604-4). Any use of trade, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 49
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0006-3606
J9 BIOTROPICA
JI Biotropica
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 45
IS 3
BP 395
EP 400
DI 10.1111/btp.12010
PG 6
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 135UU
UT WOS:000318314900016
ER
PT J
AU Lay, T
Fujii, Y
Geist, E
Koketsu, K
Rubinstein, J
Sagiya, T
Simons, M
AF Lay, T.
Fujii, Y.
Geist, E.
Koketsu, K.
Rubinstein, J.
Sagiya, T.
Simons, M.
TI Introduction to the Special Issue on the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and
Tsunami
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Lay, T.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Fujii, Y.] Int Inst Seismol & Earthquake Engn Bldg Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050802, Japan.
[Geist, E.; Rubinstein, J.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Koketsu, K.] Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan.
[Sagiya, T.] Nagoya Univ, Disaster Mitigat Res Ctr, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Simons, M.] CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Lay, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
OI Rubinstein, Justin/0000-0003-1274-6785; Simons, Mark/0000-0003-1412-6395
NR 30
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U2 22
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 2B
BP 1165
EP 1170
DI 10.1785/0120130001
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 135GS
UT WOS:000318277200001
ER
PT J
AU Frankel, A
AF Frankel, Arthur
TI Rupture History of the 2011 M 9 Tohoku Japan Earthquake Determined from
Strong-Motion and High-Rate GPS Recordings: Subevents Radiating Energy
in Different Frequency Bands
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID M-W 9.0; STRONG-GROUND MOTION; PACIFIC COAST; OKI EARTHQUAKE; 1994
NORTHRIDGE; SOURCE MODEL; CALIFORNIA; INVERSION; STRESS; WAVES
AB Strong-motion records from KiK-net and K-NET, along with 1 sample/s Global Positioning System (GPS) records from GEONET, were analyzed to determine the location, timing, and slip of subevents of the M 9 2011 Tohoku earthquake. Timing of arrivals on stations along the coast shows that the first subevent was located closer to the coast than subevent (2), which produced the largest slip. A waveform inversion of data from 0 to 0.2 Hz indicates that the first subevent primarily ruptured down-dip and north of the hypocenter and had an M of 8.5. The areas of this subevent that generated the low (<0.2 Hz) and high (>0.2 Hz) frequency energy are located in the same vicinity. The inversion result for the second subevent (M 9.0) has large slip on the shallow part of the fault with peak slip of about 65 m above about 25 km depth. This slip generated the tsunami. The preferred inversion has initiation of subevent 2 on the shallow portion of the fault so that rupture proceeded down-dip and mainly to the south. Subevent 2 started about 35 s after subevent 1, which allows for the possibility of dynamic triggering from subevent 1. The slip model predicts displacements comparable to those found from ocean-bottom transducers near the epicenter. At frequencies that most affect tall buildings (0.1-0.5 Hz), there is a strong pulse (subevent 3) in the strong-motion records that arrives after the near-field ramp from subevent 2. High-frequency subevent 3 was located down-dip and south of the high-slip portion of subevent 2 and was initiated as rupture from subevent 2 proceeded down-dip. The compact pulse for subevent 3 is modeled with an M 8.0 source in a 75 by 30 km area that ruptured down-dip and to the south with a high slip velocity, indicating high stress drop.
C1 Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Frankel, A (reprint author), Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Box 351310, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM afrankel@usgs.gov
NR 29
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PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 2B
BP 1290
EP 1306
DI 10.1785/0120120148
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 135GS
UT WOS:000318277200009
ER
PT J
AU Hill, DP
Peng, ZG
Shelly, DR
Aiken, C
AF Hill, David P.
Peng, Zhigang
Shelly, David R.
Aiken, Chastity
TI S-Wave Triggering of Tremor beneath the Parkfield, California, Section
of the San Andreas Fault by the 2011 Tohoku, Japan, Earthquake:
Observations and Theory
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID NONVOLCANIC TREMOR; STRESSES
AB The dynamic stresses that are associated with the energetic seismic waves generated by the M-w 9.0 Tohoku earthquake off the northeast coast of Japan triggered bursts of tectonic tremor beneath the Parkfield section of the San Andreas fault (SAF) at an epicentral distance of similar to 8200 km. The onset of tremor begins midway through the similar to 100-s-period S-wave arrival, with a minor burst coinciding with the SHSH arrival, as recorded on the nearby broadband seismic station PKD. A more pronounced burst coincides with the Love arrival, followed by a series of impulsive tremor bursts apparently modulated by the 20- to 30-s-period Rayleigh wave. The triggered tremor was located at depths between 20 and 30 km beneath the surface trace of the fault, with the burst coincident with the S wave centered beneath the fault 30 km northwest of Parkfield. Most of the subsequent activity, including the tremor coincident with the SHSH arrival, was concentrated beneath a stretch of the fault extending from 10 to 40 km southeast of Parkfield. The seismic waves from the Tohoku epicenter form a horizontal incidence angle of similar to 14 degrees, with respect to the local strike of the SAF. Computed peak dynamic Coulomb stresses on the fault at tremor depths are in the 0.7-10 kPa range. The apparent modulation of tremor bursts by the small, strike-parallel Rayleigh-wave stresses (similar to 0.7 kPa) is likely enabled by pore pressure variations driven by the Rayleigh-wave dilatational stress. These results are consistent with the strike-parallel dynamic stresses (delta tau(s)) associated with the S, SHSH, and surface-wave phases triggering small increments of dextral slip on the fault with a low friction (mu similar to 0.2). The vertical dynamic stresses delta tau(d) do not trigger tremor with vertical or oblique slip under this simple Coulomb failure model.
C1 [Hill, David P.; Shelly, David R.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Peng, Zhigang; Aiken, Chastity] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Hill, DP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, MS 910,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM hill@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program; National Science
Foundation CAREER Grant [EAR-0956051]; National Science Foundation
[DGE-1148903]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards
Program, (D. P. H. and D. R. S.) and the National Science Foundation
CAREER Grant EAR-0956051 (Z.P.). C. A. is supported by the National
Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship grant DGE-1148903. We
are grateful to Fred Pollitz, Nick Beeler, and two anonymous referees
for their constructive reviews of this manuscript.
NR 29
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PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 2B
BP 1541
EP 1550
DI 10.1785/0120120114
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 135GS
UT WOS:000318277200025
ER
PT J
AU van der Wegen, M
Jaffe, BE
AF van der Wegen, M.
Jaffe, B. E.
TI Towards a probabilistic assessment of process-based, morphodynamic
models
SO COASTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Estuarine geomorphology; Morphodynamic modeling; Probabilistic approach;
Model uncertainty; San Pablo Bay
ID SEDIMENT; ASSIMILATION; PREDICTION
AB Recent advances in the development of numerical, process-based models have led to remarkable performance in reproducing measured decadal morphodynamic developments. The advantage of this type of models is that they have a detailed output allowing for a close analysis of relevant processes. Drawback is that the output is associated with a high level of presumed uncertainty, because of the large number of processes involved and the high quality level of input data required.
This study aims to explore possibilities to assess uncertainty levels associated with process-based morphodynamic modeling. In a probabilistic approach we consider the outcome of an ensemble of runs including variations of model input parameters and forcing schematizations. We propose to evaluate model performance by both a skill criterion (How well does the model reproduce observed patterns?), a confidence criterion (How sensitive are model results to uncertain input?) as well as a combination of these criteria. This methodology provides an objective assessment of the performance of process-based morphodynamic models. In addition, it can determine which input parameters cause largest uncertainty in the model outcome.
The San Pablo Bay case study shows that 60% of the modeled volume meets the skill and confidence criteria for the depositional period (1856-1887) and 46% for the erosional period (1951-1983). Approximately 50% of the volume allocation meets the confidence criterion for a 30 year morphodynamic forecast (1983-2013). Model results are sensitive to model input variations only to a limited extend. We attribute this to the high impact of the San Pablo Bay plan form and bathymetry. The forecast shows continuous erosion of the channel and on the northern shoals and a continuous accretion of the channel slopes, albeit more concentrated in the western part of the channel than in preceding decades. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [van der Wegen, M.] UNESCO IHE, NL-2601 DA Delft, Netherlands.
[Jaffe, B. E.] USGS Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP van der Wegen, M (reprint author), UNESCO IHE, POB 3015, NL-2601 DA Delft, Netherlands.
EM m.vanderwegen@unesco-ihe.org; bjaffe@usgs.gov
RI Jaffe, Bruce/A-9979-2012; van der Wegen, Mick/C-6787-2009
OI Jaffe, Bruce/0000-0002-8816-5920; van der Wegen,
Mick/0000-0002-5227-2679
FU US Geological Survey Priority Ecosystem Studies; CALFED; US Geological
Survey CASCaDE climate change project (CASCaDE) [32]
FX The research is part of the US Geological Survey CASCaDE climate change
project (CASCaDE contribution 32). The authors acknowledge the US
Geological Survey Priority Ecosystem Studies and CALFED for making this
research financially possible. Friendly reviews by Dano Roelvink
(UNESCO-IHE, Deltares and TU Delft), Ali Dastgheib (UNESCO-IHE), Ilgar
Safak (USGS) and two anonymous reviewers considerably improved the
quality of the work.
NR 39
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-3839
J9 COAST ENG
JI Coast. Eng.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 75
BP 52
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2013.01.009
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 112HL
UT WOS:000316583200007
ER
PT J
AU Craig, RJ
Klaver, RW
AF Craig, Robert J.
Klaver, Robert W.
TI Factors influencing geographic patterns in diversity of forest bird
communities of eastern Connecticut, USA
SO ECOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECIES-RICHNESS; ENERGY; ABUNDANCE; SCALE; POPULATIONS; NORTH;
HYPOTHESES; GRADIENTS; AVIFAUNA; EVENNESS
AB At regional scales, the most important variables associated with diversity are latitudinally-based temperature and net primary productivity, although diversity is also influenced by habitat. We examined bird species richness, community density and community evenness in forests of eastern Connecticut to determine whether: 1) spatial and seasonal patterns exist in diversity, 2) energy explains the greatest proportion of variation in diversity parameters, 3) variation in habitat explains remaining diversity variance, and 4) seasonal shifts in diversity provide clues about how environmental variables shape communities. We sought to discover if our data supported predictions of the speciesenergy hypothesis. We used the variable circular plot technique to estimate bird populations and quantified the location, elevation, forest type, vegetation type, canopy cover, moisture regime, understory density and primary production for the study sites. We found that 1) summer richness and population densities are roughly equal in northeastern and southeastern Connecticut, whereas in winter both concentrate toward the coast, 2) variables linked with temperature explained much of the patterns in winter diversity, but energy-related variables showed little relationship to summer diversity, 3) the effect of habitat variables on diversity parameters predominated in summer, although their effect was weak, 4) contrary to theory, evenness increased from summer to winter, and 5) support for predictions of speciesenergy theory was primarily restricted to winter data. Although energy and habitat played a role in explaining community patterns, they left much of the variance in regional diversity unexplained, suggesting that a large stochastic component to diversity also may exist.
C1 [Craig, Robert J.] Bird Conservat Res Inc, Putnam, CT 06260 USA.
[Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, US Geol Survey, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Craig, RJ (reprint author), Bird Conservat Res Inc, 90 Liberty Highway, Putnam, CT 06260 USA.
EM mail@birdconservationresearch.org
FU Quinebaug-Shetucket Heritage Corridor (National Park Service)
FX This study was funded through member contributions and gifts to Bird
Conservation Research, as well as through grants from the
Quinebaug-Shetucket Heritage Corridor (National Park Service). Thanks
are also due to Chris Elphick, Frank Heppner and Joan Morrison, who
commented on the manuscript, and the numerous student interns who
computerized and proofread the immense volumes of data gathered during
this study. Contribution number 16 of Bird Conservation Research. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 63
TC 1
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U1 1
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-7590
J9 ECOGRAPHY
JI Ecography
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 5
BP 599
EP 609
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2012.07790.x
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 133VA
UT WOS:000318167600009
ER
PT J
AU Middleton, BA
Jiang, M
AF Middleton, Beth A.
Jiang, Ming
TI Use of sediment amendments to rehabilitate sinking coastal swamp forests
in Louisiana
SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Baldcypress swamp; Disturbance dynamics; Dredge spoil; Nyssa aquatica;
Recruitment; Salinity; Taxodium distichum
ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; GULF-OF-MEXICO; SALT-MARSH; WETLAND
RESTORATION; RIPARIAN FORESTS; GROWTH; PLANT; SUBSIDENCE; DEPOSITION;
RESPONSES
AB Coastal wetlands are losing elevation worldwide, so that techniques to increase elevation such as sediment amendment might benefit these wetlands. This study examined the potential of sediment amendment to raise elevation and support the production and regeneration of vegetation in coastal forests in Louisiana. Before sediment amendment, the vegetation did not differ in these Taxodium distichum-Nyssa aquatica forests with respect to herbaceous and tree seedling composition, and sapling and tree characteristics. After the application of sediment in January 2007, sediment-amended swamps had higher elevations and salinity levels than natural swamps. The layer of sediment applied to Treasure Island in Jean Lafitte National Historic Park and Preserve was relatively deep (sediment depth at Site One and Site Two: 0.89 and 0.69 m, respectively, six months after application), and may have exceeded an optimal threshold. Sediment-amended swamp with the highest elevation had some tree mortality and little tree growth of T. distichum. Also, sediment-amended swamp had higher root biomasses of ruderal species, and lower species richness and cover of herbaceous species. Nevertheless, during controlled water releases during an oil spill emergency in 2010, both sediment-amended and reference forest had higher production levels than in other years. While sediment amendment is a compelling management alternative for sinking coastal wetlands, optimal thresholds were not determined for these T. distichum N. aquatica swamps. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Middleton, Beth A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Jiang, Ming] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Wetland Ecol & Environm, Northeast Inst Geog & Agr Ecol, Changchun 130012, Jilin Province, Peoples R China.
RP Middleton, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM middletonb@usgs.gov; jiangm0431@yahoo.com
OI Middleton, Beth/0000-0002-1220-2326
FU U.S. National Park Service [POBS61]; U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystem
Program; National Science Foundation [DEB-1049838]
FX This study was supported with funding from the U.S. National Park
Service, POBS61, "Effects of dredge spoil applications on subsiding
coastal baldcypress swamps in Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and
Preserve, Louisiana". The funding agency provided logistical support and
access to field sites, but was not involved in other aspects of the
study execution, analysis and report preparation. Additional funding
came from the U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystem Program and the National
Science Foundation (DEB-1049838). Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 45
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 57
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-8574
J9 ECOL ENG
JI Ecol. Eng.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 54
BP 183
EP 191
DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.01.025
PG 9
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering
GA 133HM
UT WOS:000318129500021
ER
PT J
AU de Mazancourt, C
Isbell, F
Larocque, A
Berendse, F
De Luca, E
Grace, JB
Haegeman, B
Polley, HW
Roscher, C
Schmid, B
Tilman, D
van Ruijven, J
Weigelt, A
Wilsey, BJ
Loreau, M
AF de Mazancourt, Claire
Isbell, Forest
Larocque, Allen
Berendse, Frank
De Luca, Enrica
Grace, James B.
Haegeman, Bart
Polley, H. Wayne
Roscher, Christiane
Schmid, Bernhard
Tilman, David
van Ruijven, Jasper
Weigelt, Alexandra
Wilsey, Brian J.
Loreau, Michel
TI Predicting ecosystem stability from community composition and
biodiversity
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Biodiversity; demographic stochasticity; environmental stochasticity;
overyielding; prediction; stability
ID COMPETITIVE COMMUNITIES; SPECIES INTERACTIONS; TEMPORAL STABILITY;
TIME-SERIES; DIVERSITY; PRODUCTIVITY; POPULATION; DYNAMICS;
CONSEQUENCES; VARIABILITY
AB As biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate, an important current scientific challenge is to understand and predict the consequences of biodiversity loss. Here, we develop a theory that predicts the temporal variability of community biomass from the properties of individual component species in monoculture. Our theory shows that biodiversity stabilises ecosystems through three main mechanisms: (1) asynchrony in species' responses to environmental fluctuations, (2) reduced demographic stochasticity due to overyielding in species mixtures and (3) reduced observation error (including spatial and sampling variability). Parameterised with empirical data from four long-term grassland biodiversity experiments, our prediction explained 2275% of the observed variability, and captured much of the effect of species richness. Richness stabilised communities mainly by increasing community biomass and reducing the strength of demographic stochasticity. Our approach calls for a re-evaluation of the mechanisms explaining the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem stability.
C1 [de Mazancourt, Claire; Larocque, Allen] McGill Univ, Redpath Museum, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada.
[Isbell, Forest; Loreau, Michel] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada.
[Isbell, Forest; Tilman, David] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Berendse, Frank; van Ruijven, Jasper] Wageningen Univ, Nat Conservat & Plant Ecol Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[De Luca, Enrica; Schmid, Bernhard] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Haegeman, Bart] UMR MISTEA, INRIA Res Team MODEMIC, F-34060 Montpellier, France.
[Polley, H. Wayne] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA.
[Roscher, Christiane] Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, UFZ, Dept Community Ecol, D-06120 Halle, Germany.
[Weigelt, Alexandra] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
[Wilsey, Brian J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[de Mazancourt, Claire; Haegeman, Bart; Loreau, Michel] Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Expt Ecol Stn, Ctr Biodivers Theory & Modelling, F-09200 Moulis, France.
RP de Mazancourt, C (reprint author), McGill Univ, Redpath Museum, 859 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada.
EM claire.demazancourt@ecoex-moulis.cnrs.fr
RI Isbell, Forest/C-6915-2012; Schmid, Bernhard/C-8625-2009;
OI Isbell, Forest/0000-0001-9689-769X; Schmid,
Bernhard/0000-0002-8430-3214; Wilsey, Brian J./0000-0002-0628-5006
NR 46
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 20
U2 370
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1461-023X
EI 1461-0248
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 16
IS 5
BP 617
EP 625
DI 10.1111/ele.12088
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 132OA
UT WOS:000318077200006
PM 23438189
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, EE
Ver Hoef, JM
Isaak, DJ
Falke, JA
Fortin, MJ
Jordan, CE
McNyset, K
Monestiez, P
Ruesch, AS
Sengupta, A
Som, N
Steel, EA
Theobald, DM
Torgersen, CE
Wenger, SJ
AF Peterson, Erin E.
Ver Hoef, Jay M.
Isaak, Dan J.
Falke, Jeffrey A.
Fortin, Marie-Josee
Jordan, Chris E.
McNyset, Kristina
Monestiez, Pascal
Ruesch, Aaron S.
Sengupta, Aritra
Som, Nicholas
Steel, E. Ashley
Theobald, David M.
Torgersen, Christian E.
Wenger, Seth J.
TI Modelling dendritic ecological networks in space: an integrated network
perspective
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Review
DE Connectivity; dendritic ecological network; directionality; network
analysis; scales; spatial statistics; stream network; taxonomy of
network analyses
ID SPATIAL STATISTICAL-MODELS; MOVING-AVERAGE APPROACH; STREAM NETWORKS;
RIVER NETWORK; BIODIVERSITY PATTERNS; TROUT POPULATIONS; MANTEL TEST;
NEW-JERSEY; CONNECTIVITY; DYNAMICS
AB Dendritic ecological networks (DENs) are a unique form of ecological networks that exhibit a dendritic network topology (e.g. stream and cave networks or plant architecture). DENs have a dual spatial representation; as points within the network and as points in geographical space. Consequently, some analytical methods used to quantify relationships in other types of ecological networks, or in 2-D space, may be inadequate for studying the influence of structure and connectivity on ecological processes within DENs. We propose a conceptual taxonomy of network analysis methods that account for DEN characteristics to varying degrees and provide a synthesis of the different approaches within the context of stream ecology. Within this context, we summarise the key innovations of a new family of spatial statistical models that describe spatial relationships in DENs. Finally, we discuss how different network analyses may be combined to address more complex and novel research questions. While our main focus is streams, the taxonomy of network analyses is also relevant anywhere spatial patterns in both network and 2-D space can be used to explore the influence of multi-scale processes on biota and their habitat (e.g. plant morphology and pest infestation, or preferential migration along stream or road corridors).
C1 [Peterson, Erin E.] CSIRO Div Math Informat & Stat, Dutton Pk, Qld, Australia.
[Ver Hoef, Jay M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
[Isaak, Dan J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA.
[Falke, Jeffrey A.; McNyset, Kristina] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Fortin, Marie-Josee] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Jordan, Chris E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Monestiez, Pascal] INRA, Unite Biostat & Proc Spatiaux, Avignon, France.
[Ruesch, Aaron S.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Sengupta, Aritra] Ohio State Univ, Dept Stat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Som, Nicholas] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Steel, E. Ashley] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA.
[Theobald, David M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Torgersen, Christian E.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Cascadia Field Stn,Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Wenger, Seth J.] Trout Unltd, Boise, ID USA.
RP Peterson, EE (reprint author), CSIRO Div Math Informat & Stat, Dutton Pk, Qld, Australia.
EM Erin.Peterson@csiro.au
RI Peterson, Erin/D-2360-2009;
OI Ver Hoef, Jay/0000-0003-4302-6895; Monestiez, Pascal/0000-0001-5851-2699
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; National Science
Foundation [EF-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State
of California
FX This study was conducted as part of the Spatial Statistics for Streams
Working Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis
and Synthesis, a Center funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant
# EF-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara and the State
of California. We thank G.H. Reeves and K.M. Burnett at the US Forest
Service Pacific Northwest Research Station for providing the rainbow
trout abundance data used to develop the Torgegram in Fig. 7b. We also
thank Frederieke Kroon, Nick Bond, Dan Pagendam and three anonymous
reviewers for constructive comments on previous versions of this
manuscript. Note that, any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 100
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 10
U2 172
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1461-023X
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 16
IS 5
BP 707
EP 719
DI 10.1111/ele.12084
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 132OA
UT WOS:000318077200017
PM 23458322
ER
PT J
AU Friedel, MJ
Iwashita, F
AF Friedel, Michael J.
Iwashita, Fabio
TI Hybrid modeling of spatial continuity for application to numerical
inverse problems
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Brazil; Numerical inverse problems; Geostatistics; Groundwater modeling;
Hydrogeologic properties; Morphometric variables; Self-organizing map;
Sequential Gaussian simulation; Stochastic simulation; Variogram
modeling
ID SELF-ORGANIZING MAP; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS; GEOSTATISTICAL
ANALYSIS; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; PREDICTIVE UNCERTAINTY; AQUIFER
HETEROGENEITY; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; BASIN-SCALE; WATER; INTERPOLATION
AB A novel two-step modeling approach is presented to obtain optimal starting values and geostatistical constraints for numerical inverse problems otherwise characterized by spatially-limited field data. First, a type of unsupervised neural network, called the self-organizing map (SOM), is trained to recognize nonlinear relations among environmental variables (covariates) occurring at various scales. The values of these variables are then estimated at random locations across the model domain by iterative minimization of SOM topographic error vectors. Cross-validation is used to ensure unbiasedness and compute prediction uncertainty for select subsets of the data. Second, analytical functions are fit to experimental variograms derived from original plus resampled SOM estimates producing model variograms. Sequential Gaussian simulation is used to evaluate spatial uncertainty associated with the analytical functions and probable range for constraining variables. The hybrid modeling of spatial continuity is demonstrated using spatially-limited hydrologic measurements at different scales in Brazil: (1) physical soil properties (sand, silt, clay, hydraulic conductivity) in the 42 km(2) Vargem de Caldas basin; (2) well yield and electrical conductivity of groundwater in the 132 km(2) fractured crystalline aquifer; and (3) specific capacity, hydraulic head, and major ions in a 100,000 km(2) transboundary fractured-basalt aquifer. These results illustrate the benefits of exploiting nonlinear relations among sparse and disparate data sets for modeling spatial continuity, but the actual application of these spatial data to improve numerical inverse modeling requires testing. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Friedel, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA.
[Friedel, Michael J.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Computat & Math Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA.
[Iwashita, Fabio] Griffith Univ, Australian Rivers Univ, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia.
RP Friedel, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, MS964, Denver, CO USA.
EM mfriedel@usgs.gov
RI Fraser, Stephen/A-8219-2008
OI Fraser, Stephen/0000-0002-0856-5300
NR 103
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-8152
J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW
JI Environ. Modell. Softw.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 43
BP 60
EP 79
DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.01.009
PG 20
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 132HG
UT WOS:000318057900007
ER
PT J
AU Wu, YP
Li, TJ
Sun, LQ
Chen, J
AF Wu, Yiping
Li, Tiejian
Sun, Liqun
Chen, Ji
TI Parallelization of a hydrological model using the message passing
interface
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrological model; Message passing; Parallelization; SWAT
ID WATER ASSESSMENT-TOOL; SWAT MODEL; SOUTHERN CHINA; RIVER-BASIN;
LARGE-SCALE; CALIBRATION; SOIL; VALIDATION; SIMULATION; POLLUTION
AB With the increasing knowledge about the natural processes, hydrological models such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) are becoming larger and more complex with increasing computation time. Additionally, other procedures such as model calibration, which may require thousands of model iterations, can increase running time and thus further reduce rapid modeling and analysis. Using the widely-applied SWAT as an example, this study demonstrates how to parallelize a serial hydrological model in a Windows (R) environment using a parallel programing technology-Message Passing Interface (MPI). With a case study, we derived the optimal values for the two parameters (the number of processes and the corresponding percentage of work to be distributed to the master process) of the parallel SWAT (P-SWAT) on an ordinary personal computer and a work station. Our study indicates that model execution time can be reduced by 42%-70% (or a speedup of 1.74-3.36) using multiple processes (two to five) with a proper task-distribution scheme (between the master and slave processes). Although the computation time cost becomes lower with an increasing number of processes (from two to five), this enhancement becomes less due to the accompanied increase in demand for message passing procedures between the master and all slave processes. Our case study demonstrates that the P-SWAT with a five-process run may reach the maximum speedup, and the performance can be quite stable (fairly independent of a project size). Overall, the P-SWAT can help reduce the computation time substantially for an individual model run, manual and automatic calibration procedures, and optimization of best management practices. In particular, the parallelization method we used and the scheme for deriving the optimal parameters in this study can be valuable and easily applied to other hydrological or environmental models. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wu, Yiping] USGS, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Wu, Yiping; Sun, Liqun; Chen, Ji] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Civil Engn, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Li, Tiejian] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Lab Hydrosci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Wu, YP (reprint author), USGS, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM ywu@usgs.gov; litiejian@tsinghua.edu.cn
RI Wu, Yiping/D-2276-2012; Chen, Ji/C-1795-2009;
OI Wu, Yiping/0000-0002-5163-0884; Li, Tiejian/0000-0003-0948-5262
FU Hong Kong RGC GRF Projects [HKU711008E, HKU710910E]; Natural Science
Foundation of China [51109114]; USGS contract [G08PC91508]
FX This study was funded by Hong Kong RGC GRF Projects HKU711008E,
HKU710910E, and the Natural Science Foundation of China Project
51109114. Part of this work was performed under the USGS contract
G08PC91508. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We
thank Devendra Dahal (Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies, a contractor to
USGS EROS) for his comments on the early draft and thank Sandra Cooper
(USGS) for further reviews to improve the paper quality. We also thank
the editor and the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive
comments and suggestions.
NR 50
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 3
U2 43
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-8152
J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW
JI Environ. Modell. Softw.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 43
BP 124
EP 132
DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.02.002
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 132HG
UT WOS:000318057900012
ER
PT J
AU Cormier, N
Krauss, KW
Conner, WH
AF Cormier, Nicole
Krauss, Ken W.
Conner, William H.
TI Periodicity in Stem Growth and Litterfall in Tidal Freshwater Forested
Wetlands: Influence of Salinity and Drought on Nitrogen Recycling
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea-level rise; Tidal swamps; Forested wetlands; Leaf litterfall;
Diameter increment; Carbon; Nitrogen; Resorption; Salinity
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; SOUTHEASTERN FLOODPLAIN FORESTS; ABOVEGROUND PRODUCTION;
FLOODING REGIMES; COASTAL FOREST; ORGANIC-MATTER; TREE GROWTH; USA;
PHENOLOGY; GRADIENT
AB Many tidally influenced freshwater forested wetlands (tidal swamps) along the south Atlantic coast of the USA are currently undergoing dieback and decline. Salinity often drives conversion of tidal swamps to marsh, especially under conditions of regional drought. During this change, alterations in nitrogen (N) uptake from dominant vegetation or timing of N recycling from the canopy during annual litter senescence may help to facilitate marsh encroachment by providing for greater bioavailable N with small increases in salinity. To monitor these changes along with shifts in stand productivity, we established sites along two tidal swamp landscape transects on the lower reaches of the Waccamaw River (South Carolina) and Savannah River (Georgia) representing freshwater (a parts per thousand currency sign0.1 psu), low oligohaline (1.1-1.6 psu), and high oligohaline (2.6-4.1 psu) stands; the latter stands have active marsh encroachment. Aboveground tree productivity was monitored on all sites through monthly litterfall collection and dendrometer band measurements from 2005 to 2009. Litterfall samples were pooled by season and analyzed for total N and carbon (C). On average between the two rivers, freshwater, low oligohaline, and high oligohaline tidal swamps returned 8,126, 3,831, and 1,471 mg N m(-2) year(-1), respectively, to the forest floor through litterfall, with differences related to total litterfall volume rather than foliar N concentrations. High oligohaline sites were most inconsistent in patterns of foliar N concentrations and N loading from the canopy. Leaf N content generally decreased and foliar C/N generally increased with salinization (excepting one site), with all sites being fairly inefficient in resorbing N from leaves prior to senescence. Stands with higher salinity also had greater flood frequency and duration, lower basal area increments, lower tree densities, higher numbers of dead or dying trees, and much reduced leaf litter fall (103 vs. 624 g m(-2) year(-1)) over the five study years. Our data suggest that alternative processes, such as the rate of decomposition and potential for N mineralization, on tidal swamp sites undergoing salinity-induced state change may be more important for controlling N biogeochemical cycling in soils than differences among sites in N loading via litterfall.
C1 [Cormier, Nicole; Krauss, Ken W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Conner, William H.] Clemson Univ, Baruch Inst Coastal Ecol & Forest Sci, Georgetown, SC 29442 USA.
RP Cormier, N (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM cormiern@usgs.gov
FU USGS Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program;
NIFA/USDA [SCZ-1710027]
FX Our analysis and conclusions were greatly advanced by the work of our
esteemed colleague, Dr. Mark Brinson. This research was supported by the
USGS Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program and by
NIFA/USDA, under project number SCZ-1710027; Technical Contribution No.
5891 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. Jamie A. Duberstein,
Brian Williams, Steve "Hutch" Hutchinson, Jeff Vernon, L. Wayne
Inabinette, Jason K. Sullivan, Travis L. Trahan, Richard H. Day, Suzanne
Cox, Stephanie Beard, and Mark Mann provided field and laboratory
support. Gregory B. Noe and Richard H. Day provided valuable reviews of
this manuscript, and Darren J. Johnson conducted statistical analyses.
We thank William Russell Webb with Savannah NWR and Marshall C. Sasser
with Waccamaw NWR for their support of this research, as well as
constant assistance with field crews. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the US Government.
NR 52
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 6
U2 60
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 3
BP 533
EP 546
DI 10.1007/s12237-012-9505-z
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 135NP
UT WOS:000318295300008
ER
PT J
AU Garcia, CA
Halford, KJ
Fenelon, JM
AF Garcia, C. A.
Halford, K. J.
Fenelon, J. M.
TI Detecting Drawdowns Masked by Environmental Stresses with Water-Level
Models
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID DURATION; AQUIFER; TESTS
AB Detecting and quantifying small drawdown at observation wells distant from the pumping well greatly expands the characterized aquifer volume. However, this detection is often obscured by water level fluctuations such as barometric and tidal effects. A reliable analytical approach for distinguishing drawdown from nonpumping water-level fluctuations is presented and tested here. Drawdown is distinguished by analytically simulating all pumping and nonpumping water-level stresses simultaneously during the period of record. Pumping signals are generated with Theis models, where the pumping schedule is translated into water-level change with the Theis solution. This approach closely matched drawdowns simulated with a complex three-dimensional, hypothetical model and reasonably estimated drawdowns from an aquifer test conducted in a complex hydrogeologic system. Pumping-induced changes generated with a numerical model and analytical Theis model agreed (RMS as low as 0.007 m) in cases where pumping signals traveled more than 1 km across confining units and fault structures. Maximum drawdowns of about 0.05 m were analytically estimated from field investigations where environmental fluctuations approached 0.2m during the analysis period.
C1 [Garcia, C. A.; Halford, K. J.] US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
[Fenelon, J. M.] US Geol Survey, Henderson, NV 89704 USA.
RP Garcia, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2730 N Deer Run Rd, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
EM cgarcia@usgs.gov
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 3
BP 322
EP 332
DI 10.1111/gwat.12042
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 133WR
UT WOS:000318172100006
PM 23469925
ER
PT J
AU Chapelle, FH
Bradley, PM
Journey, CA
McMahon, PB
AF Chapelle, Francis H.
Bradley, Paul M.
Journey, Celeste A.
McMahon, Peter B.
TI Assessing the Relative Bioavailability of DOC in Regional Groundwater
Systems
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; AQUIFER; WATER; ADSORPTION; SEDIMENTS; ZONE;
METABOLISM; OXYGEN; MATTER; FLOW
AB It has been hypothesized that the degree to which a hyperbolic relationship exists between concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved oxygen (DO) in groundwater may indicate the relative bioavailability of DOC. This hypothesis was examined for 73 different regional aquifers of the United States using 7745 analyses of groundwater compiled by the National Water Assessment (NAWQA) program of the U.S. Geological Survey. The relative reaction quotient (RRQ), a measure of the curvature of DOC concentrations plotted versus DO concentrations and regressed to a decaying hyperbolic equation, was used to assess the relative bioavailability of DOC. For the basalt aquifer of Oahu, Hawaii, RRQ values were low (0.0013 mM2), reflecting a nearly random relationship between DOC and DO concentrations. In contrast, on the island of Maui, treated sewage effluent injected into a portion of the basalt aquifer resulted in pronounced hyperbolic DOC-DO behavior and a higher RRQ (142 mM2). RRQ values for the 73 aquifers correlated positively with mean concentrations of ammonia, dissolved iron, and manganese, and correlated negatively with mean pH. This indicates that greater RRQ values are associated with greater concentrations of the final products of microbial reduction reactions. RRQ values and DOC concentrations were negatively correlated with the thickness of the unsaturated zone (UNST) and depth to the top of the screened interval. Finally, RRQ values were positively correlated with mean annual precipitation (MAP), and the highest observed RRQ values were associated with aquifers receiving MAP rates ranging between 900 and 1300 mm/year. These results are uniformly consistent with the hypothesis that the hyperbolic behavior of DOC-DO plots, as quantified by the RRQ metric, can be an indicator of relative DOC bioavailability in groundwater systems.
C1 [Chapelle, Francis H.; Bradley, Paul M.; Journey, Celeste A.] US Geol Survey, South Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
[McMahon, Peter B.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Chapelle, FH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, South Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM chapelle@usgs.gov
OI Journey, Celeste/0000-0002-2284-5851
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research was supported by and prepared for the National Water
Quality Assessment (NAWQA) and Toxic Substances Hydrology programs of
the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 40
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 28
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 3
BP 363
EP 372
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2012.00987.x
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 133WR
UT WOS:000318172100009
PM 22974426
ER
PT J
AU Voss, CI
AF Voss, Clifford I.
TI Editor's Message: Editors' Choice articles for 2012 and next theme issue
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Editorial; Hydrogeology Journal; Editors' Choice; Geothermal
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Voss, CI (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 496, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM cvoss@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 3
BP 523
EP 523
DI 10.1007/s10040-013-0979-y
PG 1
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 131JS
UT WOS:000317989800001
ER
PT J
AU Rotzoll, K
Gingerich, SB
Jenson, JW
El-Kadi, AI
AF Rotzoll, Kolja
Gingerich, Stephen B.
Jenson, John W.
El-Kadi, Aly I.
TI Estimating hydraulic properties from tidal attenuation in the Northern
Guam Lens Aquifer, territory of Guam, USA
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydraulic properties; Coastal aquifers; Tidal effects; Carbonate island
karst; Guam (USA)
ID SALTWATER INTRUSION; GROUNDWATER-FLOW; COASTAL AQUIFER; MARIANA ISLANDS;
HYDROGEOLOGY; FLUCTUATION; BERMUDA; WATER; CARBONATES; HYDROLOGY
AB Tidal-signal attenuations are analyzed to compute hydraulic diffusivities and estimate regional hydraulic conductivities of the Northern Guam Lens Aquifer, Territory of Guam (Pacific Ocean), USA. The results indicate a significant tidal-damping effect at the coastal boundary. Hydraulic diffusivities computed using a simple analytical solution for well responses to tidal forcings near the periphery of the island are two orders of magnitude lower than for wells in the island's interior. Based on assigned specific yields of similar to 0.01-0.4, estimated hydraulic conductivities are similar to 20-800 m/day for peripheral wells, and similar to 2,000-90,000 m/day for interior wells. The lower conductivity of the peripheral rocks relative to the interior rocks may best be explained by the effects of karst evolution: (1) dissolutional enhancement of horizontal hydraulic conductivity in the interior; (2) case-hardening and concurrent reduction of local hydraulic conductivity in the cliffs and steeply inclined rocks of the periphery; and (3) the stronger influence of higher-conductivity regional-scale features in the interior relative to the periphery. A simple numerical model calibrated with measured water levels and tidal response estimates values for hydraulic conductivity and storage parameters consistent with the analytical solution. The study demonstrates how simple techniques can be useful for characterizing regional aquifer properties.
C1 [Rotzoll, Kolja; El-Kadi, Aly I.] Univ Hawaii, Water Resources Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Gingerich, Stephen B.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Water Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[Jenson, John W.] Univ Guam, Water & Environm Res Inst Western Pacific, Mangilao, GU 96923 USA.
RP Rotzoll, K (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Water Resources Res Ctr, 2540 Dole St, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM kolja@hawaii.edu
OI Gingerich, Stephen/0000-0002-4381-0746
NR 60
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U1 0
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 3
BP 643
EP 654
DI 10.1007/s10040-012-0949-9
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 131JS
UT WOS:000317989800010
ER
PT J
AU Valentine, BJ
Morrissey, EA
Park, AJ
Reidy, ME
Hackley, PC
AF Valentine, Brett J.
Morrissey, Eric A.
Park, Andy J.
Reidy, Mark E.
Hackley, Paul C.
TI Development of web-based organic petrology photomicrograph atlases and
internet resources for professionals and students
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the
International-Committee-for-Coal-and-Organic-Petrology (ICCP) on New
Trends in Coal Science in Memory of Alan Cook
CY SEP 10-16, 2011
CL Univ Porto, Fac Sci, Dept Geosciences, Environm & Spatial Planning,
Porto, PORTUGAL
SP Int Comm Coal & Organ Petrol (ICCP)
HO Univ Porto, Fac Sci, Dept Geosciences, Environm & Spatial Planning
DE Photomicrograph atlas; Organic petrology; Macerals; Web atlas; Online
tools
ID WESTERN VENEZUELA; COALS; TEXAS
AB With advances in web applications, organic petrography and other related disciplines are in need of updated online resources and educational tools to aid professionals and students in the identification and interpretation of macerals. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Organic Petrology Laboratory along with USGS Eastern Energy Resources Science Center Information Technology staff have developed five web atlases containing images of organic matter in geologic materials: 1. an American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Atlas, 2. an Organic Petrology Taxonomy for International Classification (OPTIC) of Coal Macerals Atlas, 3. an Interactive Gulf Coast Photomicrograph Web Atlas (I-Map), 4. an Organic Material in Shales Atlas (Shale), and 5. an interactive Blue/White/Ultraviolet (UV) Light Atlas (Light). Each web atlas contains images of macerals with associated sample and petrographic data collected by the USGS. These webpages will provide means to preserve and circulate petrographic data collected by the USGS for coal and shale samples from all over the world. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Valentine, Brett J.; Morrissey, Eric A.; Park, Andy J.; Reidy, Mark E.; Hackley, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Valentine, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 956 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM bvalentine@usgs.gov
OI Hackley, Paul/0000-0002-5957-2551
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 111
SI SI
BP 106
EP 111
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2012.09.012
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 133LE
UT WOS:000318139100011
ER
PT J
AU Wuellner, MR
Bramblett, RG
Guy, CS
Zale, AV
Roberts, DR
Johnson, J
AF Wuellner, M. R.
Bramblett, R. G.
Guy, C. S.
Zale, A. V.
Roberts, D. R.
Johnson, J.
TI Reach and catchment-scale characteristics are relatively uninfluential
in explaining the occurrence of stream fish species
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE intermittent streams; north-western Great Plains; U; S; A; prairie
ecosystems; tree classifiers
ID GREAT-PLAINS STREAMS; PRAIRIE STREAMS; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; BIOTIC
INTEGRITY; SPATIAL SCALES; NORTH-AMERICA; RIVER-BASIN; ASSEMBLAGES;
HABITAT; LANDSCAPE
AB The objectives of this study were (1) to determine whether the presence or absence of prairie fishes can be modelled using habitat and biotic characteristics measured at the reach and catchment scales and (2) to identify which scale (i.e. reach, catchment or a combination of variables measured at both scales) best explains the presence or absence of fishes. Reach and catchment information from 120 sites sampled from 1999 to 2004 were incorporated into tree classifiers for 20 prairie fish species, and multiple criteria were used to evaluate models. Fewer than six models were considered significant when modelling individual fish occurrences at the reach, catchment or combined scale, and only one species was successfully modelled at all three scales. The scarcity of significant models is probably related to the rigorous criteria by which these models were evaluated as well as the prevalence of tolerant, generalist fishes in these stochastic and intermittent streams. No significant differences in the amount of reduced deviance, mean misclassification error rates (MER), and mean improvement in MER metrics was detected among the three scales. Results from this study underscore the importance of continued habitat assessment at smaller scales to further understand prairie-fish occurrences as well as further evaluations of modelling methods to examine habitat relationships for tolerant, ubiquitous species. Incorporation of such suggestions in the future may help provide more accurate models that will allow for better management and conservation of prairie-fish species.
C1 [Wuellner, M. R.; Bramblett, R. G.; Roberts, D. R.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Guy, C. S.; Zale, A. V.] Montana State Univ, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Johnson, J.] Confluence Consulting Inc, Bozeman, MT 59771 USA.
RP Wuellner, MR (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Box 2140B, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM melissa.wuellner@sdstate.edu
FU United States Environmental Protection Agency; Montana Department of
Fish, Wildlife and Parks; Montana State University [06-05]
FX This work was made possible by grants from the United States
Environmental Protection Agency and the Montana Department of Fish,
Wildlife and Parks. The authors would like to thank D. Alonzo, C. Bare,
M. Borgreen, A. Capaul, W. Davis, S. Dawes, L. Hellekson, T. Holzheimer,
A. Liberty, D. Poinsette, A. Puls, H. Schemm, J. Tuomikoski and J.
Vander Jagt for their assistance with field work. Earlier drafts were
improved by comments from D. Willis, K. Bertrand and C.-A. Hayer.
Deepest appreciation is extended to all of the eastern Montana
landowners whose cooperation and assistance made this project possible.
The use of trade names or products does not constitute endorsement by
the U.S. Government. This study was performed under the auspices of
Montana State University protocol number 06-05.
NR 62
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 82
IS 5
BP 1497
EP 1513
DI 10.1111/jfb.12081
PG 17
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 137NH
UT WOS:000318442100004
PM 23639150
ER
PT J
AU Cook, MT
Heppell, SS
Garcia, TS
AF Cook, Megan T.
Heppell, Selina S.
Garcia, Tiffany S.
TI Invasive bullfrog larvae lack developmental plasticity to changing
hydroperiod
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE amphibian larvae; bullfrog; development; growth; hydroperiod; invasive
species; management; Pacific Northwest; plasticity
ID LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; RED-LEGGED FROGS; RANA-CATESBEIANA; AMPHIBIAN
METAMORPHOSIS; INTRODUCED BULLFROGS; SCAPHIOPUS-COUCHII; WILLAMETTE
VALLEY; AMERICAN BULLFROG; PREDATION RISK; NORTH-AMERICA
AB Determining the mechanisms responsible for the success of invasive species is critical for developing effective management strategies. Artificially draining managed wetlands to maintain natural ephemeral conditions is a common practice in the Pacific Northwest and is assumed to kill invasive American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) larvae, which typically overwinter in permanent wetlands before metamorphosis. Bullfrogs in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, however, have invaded ephemeral wetland sites with confirmed metamorphosis within 4 months after hatching at 1 site. We hypothesized that plasticity in growth and development rates in response to hydroperiod facilitated bullfrog invasion in Oregon. We tested this hypothesis by quantifying larval bullfrog development and growth in response to 3 hydroperiod conditions in a mesocosm setting. We tested clutches collected from both ephemeral (n=3) and permanent (n=3) wetlands. We found no differences in development or growth due to hydroperiod treatments (body length, P=0.48; mass, P=0.27), but we found differences in growth among clutches (P0.001). These differences likely represent natural variation in growth rates because clutches collected from the same wetland type did not respond with similar growth and geographic barriers between collection sites did not account for the differences. These results indicate a lack of plasticity to hydroperiod and suggest that artificial hydroperiod manipulation in the Pacific Northwest will not induce rapid metamorphosis by invasive bullfrog larvae, although some genotypes may be capable of rapid growth and metamorphosis. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Cook, Megan T.; Heppell, Selina S.; Garcia, Tiffany S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Cook, MT (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 4401 North Fairfax Dr,Suite 222, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
EM megan_cook@fws.gov
FU Frank H. and Eva B. Buck Foundation; Department of Fisheries and
Wildlife at Oregon State University
FX We thank M. Adams, N. Chelgren, L. Ganio, and M. Huso for assistance
with experimental design and statistical analysis, and R. Fiori, L. and
W. Halsey, and the Willamette Valley National Wildlife Refuge Complex
for site access. M. Cook was supported by the Frank H. and Eva B. Buck
Foundation and the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife at Oregon State
University. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service.
NR 56
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U1 4
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 4
BP 655
EP 662
DI 10.1002/jwmg.509
PG 8
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 131WJ
UT WOS:000318028100002
ER
PT J
AU Evans, KO
Burger, LW
Oedekoven, CS
Smith, MD
Riffell, SK
Martin, JA
Buckland, ST
AF Evans, Kristine O.
Burger, L. Wes, Jr.
Oedekoven, Cornelia S.
Smith, Mark D.
Riffell, Samuel K.
Martin, James A.
Buckland, Stephen T.
TI Multi-region response to conservation buffers targeted for northern
bobwhite
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE agricultural conservation; Colinus virginianus; conservation buffers;
conservation reserve program; CP33; density estimation; multi-scale
assessment; northern bobwhite; targeted conservation practices; 2-stage
modeling
ID FIELD BORDERS; HABITAT; WILDLIFE; DECLINE; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT;
COMMUNITY; ABUNDANCE; DENSITY; POLICY
AB We coordinated a large-scale evaluation of northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) population response to establishment of 9-m to 37-m linear patches (buffers) of native herbaceous vegetation along row-crop field margins as part of the Conservation Reserve Program practice Habitat Buffers for Upland Birds (CP33). We compared northern bobwhite covey densities on 1,088 paired row-crop fields with and without native herbaceous buffers in 13 states during autumn, 20062008. We used a 2-stage random effects modeling approach that incorporates the effective area as an offset in generalized linear mixed models to assess regional relationships among autumn bobwhite covey densities and covariates of field type (i.e., fields with vs. without native herbaceous buffers), ecological region, year, survey week, and contracted vegetative cover (i.e., planting native grasses and forbs vs. establishing through natural regeneration). Covey density was correlated with year and interaction effects of field type and ecological region. The year effect suggested annual variation in covey densities, whereas the field type by ecological region interaction suggested covey response to buffers was dependent on spatial location, likely reflecting differences in buffer establishment, succession, and characteristics of the surrounding landscape among regions. Mean fitted covey density on fields across all survey sites was 0.047 (+/- 0.008 bootstrap standard error [BSE]) and 0.031coveys/ha (+/- 0.003 BSE) on row-crop fields with and without herbaceous buffers, respectively. Covey density was greater on fields with buffers relative to matched, comparison fields without buffers in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (241%; P<0.001) and both the eastern (123%; P<0.001) and western (60%; P=0.01) portions of the Southeastern Coastal Plain region. Covey density was an order of magnitude greater in the central Texas region compared to other regions, but exhibited a small response to native herbaceous buffers, as did density of coveys in the Eastern Tallgrass Prairie and Central Hardwoods regions. Disproportionate response to buffers in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley and Southeastern Coastal Plain suggests native herbaceous habitats might be limiting during autumn in these regions, whereas lack of response in the Eastern Tallgrass Prairie, Central Hardwoods, and central Texas regions suggests that herbaceous habitat either was not limiting or buffers failed to provide adequate requirements for bobwhites during autumn. Selection of other habitats to meet security and thermoregulatory needs might have resulted in lack of response in these regions. Native herbaceous cover provided by buffers can provide critical habitat in row-crop agricultural systems in some regions, and can contribute to regional population recovery objectives of the Northern Bobwhite Conservation Initiative (NBCI). However, range-wide NBCI recovery objectives will best be met through multiple conservation practices in row-crop agricultural systems. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Evans, Kristine O.; Burger, L. Wes, Jr.; Smith, Mark D.; Riffell, Samuel K.; Martin, James A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Oedekoven, Cornelia S.; Buckland, Stephen T.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Math & Stat, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
RP Evans, KO (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Refuge Syst Gulf Coastal Plains & O, Box 9627, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM kristine_evans@fws.gov
RI Buckland, Stephen/A-1998-2012
FU Multistate Conservation Grant Program (MSCG) [MS M-1-T]; Wildlife and
Sport Fish Restoration Program; MSCG
FX The national CP33 monitoring program was funded by the Multistate
Conservation Grant Program (MSCG; Grants MS M-1-T), a program supported
with funds from the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Program and
jointly managed by the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies and the
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, USDA-Farm Service Agency, and
USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service-Conservation Effects
Assessment Project. Collaborators for the National CP-33 Monitoring
Program included the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, Georgia
Department of Natural Resources, Illinois Department of Natural
Resources/Ballard Nature Center, Indiana Department of Natural
Resources, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Kentucky Department of
Fish and Wildlife Resources/Kentucky Chapter of The Wildlife Society,
Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks, Missouri
Department of Conservation, Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, North
Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, Ohio Department of Natural
Resources, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Tennessee
Wildlife Resources Agency, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, the
Southeast Quail Study Group, and Southeast Partners In Flight. We
sincerely appreciate the contribution of logistic and financial
resources provided by all state-level collaborators, which were far
beyond the support that was provided through the MSCG grant. We also
thank the Department of Wildlife, Fisheries & Aquaculture and Forest and
Wildlife Research Center at Mississippi State University, and the
Mississippi Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station. We thank G.
Wang for analytical assistance during the 2-stage analysis. We also
thank R. J. Gutierrez and 2 anonymous reviewers for their thorough
editorial revision of this manuscript.
NR 57
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U1 0
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 4
BP 716
EP 725
DI 10.1002/jwmg.502
PG 10
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 131WJ
UT WOS:000318028100008
ER
PT J
AU Mcnew, LB
Gregory, AJ
Sandercock, BK
AF Mcnew, Lance B.
Gregory, Andrew J.
Sandercock, Brett K.
TI Spatial heterogeneity in habitat selection: Nest site selection by
greater prairie-chickens
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE geographically weighted regression (GWR); greater prairie-chicken;
habitat selection; nest site selection; resource selection function
(RSF); Tympanuchus cupido
ID NON-STATIONARITY; UNITED-STATES; LANDSCAPE; GROUSE; SCALE; VEGETATION;
GRASSLAND; SUCCESS; MODELS; BIRDS
AB Ecological relationships of animals and their environments are known to vary spatially and temporally across scales. However, common approaches for evaluating resource selection by animals assume that the processes of habitat selection are stationary across space. The assumption that habitat selection is spatially homogeneous may lead to biased inference and ineffective management. We present the first application of geographically weighted logistic regression to habitat selection by a wildlife species. As a case study, we examined nest site selection by greater prairie-chickens at 3 sites with different ecological conditions in Kansas to assess whether the relative importance of habitat features varied across space. We found that 1) nest sites were associated with habitat conditions at multiple spatial scales, 2) habitat associations across spatial scales were correlated, and 3) the influence of habitat conditions on nest site selection was spatially explicit. Post hoc analyses revealed that much of the spatial variability in habitat selection processes was explained at a regional scale. Moreover, habitat features at local spatial scales were more strongly associated with nest site selection in unfragmented grasslands managed intensively for cattle production than they were in fragmented grasslands within a matrix of farmland. Female prairie-chickens exhibited spatial variability in nest site selection at multiple spatial scales, suggesting plasticity in habitat selection behavior. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for spatial heterogeneity when evaluating the ecological effects of habitat components. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Mcnew, Lance B.; Gregory, Andrew J.; Sandercock, Brett K.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Mcnew, LB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM lmcnew@usgs.gov
RI Sandercock, Brett/L-1644-2016
OI Sandercock, Brett/0000-0002-9240-0268
FU consortium of federal and state wildlife agencies; conservation groups;
wind energy partners; National Renewable Energy Laboratory (DOE); U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service; Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks;
Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; National Fish and
Wildlife Foundation; Kansas chapter of The Nature Conservancy; Oklahoma
chapter of The Nature Conservancy; BP Alternative Energy; FPL Energy;
Horizon Wind Energy; Iberdrola Renewables
FX We thank the late Dr. Ron E. VanNimwegen for discussions that inspired
this study. Many field technicians assisted with collection of field
data. Funding and equipment were provided by a consortium of federal and
state wildlife agencies, conservation groups, and wind energy partners
under the National Wind Coordinating Collaborative, including the
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (DOE), U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks, Kansas Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation,
Kansas and Oklahoma chapters of The Nature Conservancy, BP Alternative
Energy, FPL Energy, Horizon Wind Energy, and Iberdrola Renewables. B. K.
Sandercock was supported by the Division of Biology at Kansas State
University. J. Pitman, R. Gutierrez, and anonymous reviewers provided
comments that improved the manuscript.
NR 59
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 6
U2 90
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 4
BP 791
EP 801
DI 10.1002/jwmg.493
PG 11
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 131WJ
UT WOS:000318028100015
ER
PT J
AU Medina-Vogel, G
Barros, M
Organ, JF
Bonesi, L
AF Medina-Vogel, G.
Barros, M.
Organ, J. F.
Bonesi, L.
TI Coexistence between the southern river otter and the alien invasive
North American mink in marine habitats of southern Chile
SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE competition; diet; habitat; alien mink; otter
ID MUSTELA-VISON; LUTRA-LUTRA; ARGENTINEAN PATAGONIA; INTRAGUILD PREDATION;
RELATIVE ABUNDANCE; EURASIAN OTTERS; LONTRA-PROVOCAX; HOME RANGES;
COMPETITION; PATTERNS
AB The interaction between native and introduced predators can be an important determinant of the success of introduced species and of the magnitude of their effects. In Europe, it has been shown that the American mink Neovison vison can be affected by native competitors; however, such evidence has not been found in South America. We studied the southern river otter Lontra provocax and the American mink at five marine sites, where they coexisted, and at one freshwater site, where only mink were present, in southern Chile. We used the signs of both species to study their habitat use and diet, and radio tracking to study their activity patterns. The results indicated that otters and minks tended to use different habitats in marine environments, the otter favouring littoral areas that are rocky and steep while the mink favours areas of gravel with a gently sloping intertidal zone. These differences were also reflected in their diets. At one of the coastal sites where the diet of the two species was similar, the activity pattern of minks was mostly diurnal, which is unusual. While differential habitat use may be the way through which the American mink is able to coexist with the southern river otter in coastal habitats of southern Chile, it is possible that otters are having an effect on individual minks by affecting their activity patterns, although more observations are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
C1 [Medina-Vogel, G.; Barros, M.] Univ Andres Bello, Fac Ecol & Recursos Nat, Santiago, Chile.
[Organ, J. F.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hadley, MA USA.
[Bonesi, L.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England.
RP Medina-Vogel, G (reprint author), Univ Andres Bello, Republ 252, Santiago, Chile.
EM gmedina@unab.cl
OI Bonesi, Laura/0000-0003-3351-3892
FU Universidad Andres Bello [DGI 01-01-09/R]; FONDECYT [1100130]; Servicio
Agricola y Ganadero (SAG)
FX This research was funded by project DGI 01-01-09/R of the Universidad
Andres Bello, radio collars, mink trapping and radio tracking funded by
FONDECYT project 1100130 and Servicio Agricola y Ganadero (SAG). We are
very grateful to Mr. Rene Monsalve and Vicente Celedon for field
assistance.
NR 39
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 8
U2 66
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0952-8369
EI 1469-7998
J9 J ZOOL
JI J. Zool.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 290
IS 1
BP 27
EP 34
DI 10.1111/jzo.12010
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 134US
UT WOS:000318241300004
ER
PT J
AU Sanchez, MI
Nikolov, PN
Georgieva, DD
Georgiev, BB
Vasileva, GP
Pankov, P
Paracuellos, M
Lafferty, KD
Green, AJ
AF Sanchez, Marta I.
Nikolov, Pavel N.
Georgieva, Darina D.
Georgiev, Boyko B.
Vasileva, Gergana P.
Pankov, Plamen
Paracuellos, Mariano
Lafferty, Kevin D.
Green, Andy J.
TI High prevalence of cestodes in Artemia spp. throughout the annual cycle:
relationship with abundance of avian final hosts
SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID BRINE SHRIMP ARTEMIA; SOUTH-WEST SPAIN; FLAMINGOLEPIS-LIGULOIDES;
GREATER FLAMINGOS; ODIEL MARSHES; LONG-TERM; PARASITISM;
PARTHENOGENETICA; HYMENOLEPIDIDAE; CYSTICERCOIDS
AB Brine shrimp, Artemia spp., act as intermediate hosts for a range of cestode species that use waterbirds as their final hosts. These parasites can have marked influences on shrimp behavior and fecundity, generating the potential for cascading effects in hypersaline food webs. We present the first comprehensive study of the temporal dynamics of cestode parasites in natural populations of brine shrimp throughout the annual cycle. Over a 12-month period, clonal Artemia parthenogenetica were sampled in the Odiel marshes in Huelva, and the sexual Artemia salina was sampled in the Salinas de Cerrillos in Almeria. Throughout the year, 4-45 % of A. parthenogenetica were infected with cestodes (mean species richness = 0.26), compared to 27-72 % of A. salina (mean species richness = 0.64). Ten cestode species were recorded. Male and female A. salina showed similar levels of parasitism. The most prevalent and abundant cestodes were those infecting the most abundant final hosts, especially the Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber. In particular, the flamingo parasite Flamingolepis liguloides had a prevalence of up to 43 % in A. parthenogenetica and 63.5 % in A. salina in a given month. Although there was strong seasonal variation in prevalence, abundance, and intensity of cestode infections, seasonal changes in bird counts were weak predictors of the dynamics of cestode infections. However, infection levels of Confluaria podicipina in A. parthenogenetica were positively correlated with the number of their black-necked grebe Podiceps nigricollis hosts. Similarly, infection levels of Anomotaenia tringae and Anomotaenia microphallos in A. salina were correlated with the number of shorebird hosts present the month before. Correlated seasonal transmission structured the cestode community, leading to more multiple infections than expected by chance.
C1 [Sanchez, Marta I.; Green, Andy J.] CSIC, Estn Biol Donana, Dept Wetland Ecol, E-41092 Seville, Spain.
[Nikolov, Pavel N.; Georgieva, Darina D.; Georgiev, Boyko B.; Vasileva, Gergana P.; Pankov, Plamen] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Res, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
[Paracuellos, Mariano] Univ Almeria, Aquat Ecol & Aquaculture Res Grp, Adra 04770, Almeria, Spain.
[Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Green, AJ (reprint author), CSIC, Estn Biol Donana, Dept Wetland Ecol, C Americo Vespucio S-N, E-41092 Seville, Spain.
EM ajgreen@ebd.csic.es
RI Green, Andy/A-5189-2008; Sanchez, Marta/E-9723-2010; Lafferty,
Kevin/B-3888-2009; CSIC, EBD Donana/C-4157-2011;
OI Green, Andy/0000-0002-1268-4951; Sanchez, Marta/0000-0002-8349-5410;
Lafferty, Kevin/0000-0001-7583-4593; CSIC, EBD
Donana/0000-0003-4318-6602; Sanchez, Marta I./0000-0003-1461-4786
FU Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract; CSIC; Bulgarian Academy of
Sciences [2004BG0013, 2005BG0015]; EC [229802]; Consejeria de
Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de Andalucia [P07-CVI-02700];
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [CGL2010-16028]
FX The Consejeria de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucia and Aragonesas
Industrias y Energia S. A. provided permission for fieldwork. Waterbird
census data were provided by the Consejeria de Medio Ambiente. MIS was
supported by a Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract. T. Stewart and
anonymous referees provided comments on drafts. This work was also
supported by joint research projects between CSIC and the Bulgarian
Academy of Sciences (2004BG0013 and 2005BG0015), by the EC-funded
project WETLANET (FP7, Programme CAPACITIES, Grant 229802), by the
Consejeria de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de Andalucia
(P07-CVI-02700) and by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (Proyecto
CGL2010-16028). Any use of trade, product, website, or firm names in
this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 51
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0932-0113
J9 PARASITOL RES
JI Parasitol. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 112
IS 5
BP 1913
EP 1923
DI 10.1007/s00436-013-3347-x
PG 11
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA 127EH
UT WOS:000317678700011
PM 23463137
ER
PT J
AU Palm, EC
Esler, D
Anderson, EM
Williams, TD
Love, OP
Wilson, MT
AF Palm, E. C.
Esler, D.
Anderson, E. M.
Williams, T. D.
Love, O. P.
Wilson, M. T.
TI Baseline Corticosterone in Wintering Marine Birds: Methodological
Considerations and Ecological Patterns
SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WHITE-WINGED SCOTERS; PLASMA-CORTICOSTERONE; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS;
ADRENOCORTICAL-RESPONSE; FOOD AVAILABILITY; SURF SCOTERS; GLUCOCORTICOID
CONCENTRATIONS; FEEDING OPPORTUNITIES; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; CROWNED
SPARROW
AB Previous studies have related levels of plasma corticosterone (CORT) of seabirds to variation in foraging conditions during the breeding period, but it is unclear whether similar relationships between foraging conditions and baseline CORT exist during other life stages. We validated methods for identifying baseline CORT of lethally sampled birds and assessed variation in baseline CORT relative to winter habitat conditions. We collected free-living white-winged scoters (Melanitta fusca) at four wintering sites during December and February. We found increasing CORT values beyond 3 min after time since flush (the duration between initial flush and death), presumably reflecting acute stress responses. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to obtain baseline CORT from lethally sampled birds if the time from initial flush until death is measured. Our study sites varied appreciably in exposure to wind and waves, predation danger, diving depths, and the fraction of preferred foods in scoter diets. Despite these habitat differences, baseline CORT did not vary across sites or winter periods. We interpret this lack of variation as evidence that birds select wintering areas where they can successfully manage site-specific costs and maintain physiological homeostasis.
C1 [Palm, E. C.; Esler, D.; Anderson, E. M.; Williams, T. D.] Simon Fraser Univ, Ctr Wildlife Ecol, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Love, O. P.] Univ Windsor, Dept Biol Sci, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
[Wilson, M. T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fairbanks Fish & Wildlife Field Off, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
RP Palm, EC (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Ctr Wildlife Ecol, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
EM epalm@sfu.ca
FU NSERC; Environment Canada; Naikun Wind Energy Group; Natural Resources
Canada; Simon Fraser University
FX We thank C. Harris for providing technical help with the plasma CORT
assays and K. Jaatinen for assistance in the field. This study was
funded by Environment Canada, Naikun Wind Energy Group, Natural
Resources Canada, and Simon Fraser University. The Centre for Wildlife
Ecology provided logistical support. An NSERC operating grant supported
O.P.L.
NR 60
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 22
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1522-2152
J9 PHYSIOL BIOCHEM ZOOL
JI Physiol. Biochem. Zool.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 86
IS 3
BP 346
EP 353
DI 10.1086/670156
PG 8
WC Physiology; Zoology
SC Physiology; Zoology
GA 135EL
UT WOS:000318270100006
PM 23629884
ER
PT J
AU Burns, DA
Aiken, GR
Bradley, PM
Journey, CA
Schelker, J
AF Burns, Douglas A.
Aiken, George R.
Bradley, Paul M.
Journey, Celeste A.
Schelker, Jakob
TI Specific ultra-violet absorbance as an indicator of mercury sources in
an Adirondack River basin
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; Dissolved organic carbon; Aromatic; SUVA; Adirondack
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; ULTRAVIOLET ABSORBENCY;
NORTHEASTERN USA; CARBON; STREAM; WATER; LAKES; TRANSPORT; CHEMISTRY
AB The Adirondack region of New York has been identified as a hot spot where high methylmercury concentrations are found in surface waters and biota, yet mercury (Hg) concentrations vary widely in this region. We collected stream and groundwater samples for Hg and organic carbon analyses across the upper Hudson River, a 493 km(2) basin in the central Adirondacks to evaluate and model the sources of variation in filtered total Hg (FTHg) concentrations. Variability in FTHg concentrations during the growing seasons (May-Oct) of 2007-2009 in Fishing Brook, a 66-km(2) sub-basin, was better explained by specific ultra-violet absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA(254)), a measure of organic carbon aromaticity, than by dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations, a commonly used Hg indicator. SUVA(254) was a stronger predictor of FTHg concentrations during the growing season than during the dormant season. Multiple linear regression models that included SUVA(254) values and DOC concentrations could explain 75 % of the variation in FTHg concentrations on an annual basis and 84 % during the growing season. A multiple linear regression landscape modeling approach applied to 27 synoptic sites across the upper Hudson basin found that higher SUVA(254) values are associated with gentler slopes, and greater riparian area, and lower SUVA(254) values are associated with an increasing influence of open water. We hypothesize that the strong Hg-SUVA(254) relation in this basin reflects distinct patterns of FTHg and SUVA(254) that are characteristic of source areas that control the mobilization of Hg to surface waters, and that the seasonal influence of these source areas varies in this heterogeneous basin landscape.
C1 [Burns, Douglas A.] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Aiken, George R.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
[Bradley, Paul M.; Journey, Celeste A.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, SC USA.
[Schelker, Jakob] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, S-90183 Umea, Sweden.
RP Burns, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM daburns@usgs.gov
OI Journey, Celeste/0000-0002-2284-5851
FU USGS National Water Quality Assessment Program
FX Funding for this study was provided by the USGS National Water Quality
Assessment Program. The authors thank Martyn Smith for GIS support.
Thanks also to James Shanley and four anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments on an earlier version of this manuscript.
NR 64
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 48
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 113
IS 1-3
BP 451
EP 466
DI 10.1007/s10533-012-9773-5
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 129ST
UT WOS:000317863300028
ER
PT J
AU Custer, TW
Dummer, PM
Custer, CM
Wu, Q
Kannan, K
Trowbridge, A
AF Custer, Thomas W.
Dummer, Paul M.
Custer, Christine M.
Wu, Qian
Kannan, Kurunthachalam
Trowbridge, Annette
TI PERFLUORINATED COMPOUND CONCENTRATIONS IN GREAT BLUE HERON EGGS NEAR ST.
PAUL, MINNESOTA, USA, IN 1993 AND 2010-2011
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Perfluorinated compounds; Ardea herodias; Eggs; Great blue heron
ID UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; BIRD EGGS;
ACCUMULATION; CARBOXYLATES; SURFACTANTS; TOXICITY; COLONIES; EXPOSURE;
TRENDS
AB A great blue heron (Ardea herodias) colony on Pig's Eye Island on the Mississippi River near St. Paul, Minnesota, USA, is located near several potential perfluorinated compound (PFC) sources. The PFC concentrations in great blue heron eggs reported from a 1993 collection from the Pig's Eye colony were among the highest measured in bird eggs worldwide. The objective of this investigation was to determine whether PFC concentrations in great blue heron eggs at the Pig's Eye colony have changed since 1993. Total PFC concentrations in great blue heron eggs collected at the Pig's Eye colony in 2010 and 2011 (geometric mean=340 and 492ng/g wet wt) were 60% lower than the 1993 collection (1,015ng/g wet wt). Among PFCs, perfluoroalkyl sulfonate concentrations were lower and perfluoroalkyl carboxylate concentrations were higher in the 2010 and 2011 collections. Two of 20 (10%) of the eggs analyzed from Pig's Eye in 2010 and 2011 were >1,000ng PFCs/g wet weight and the maximum PFC value (2,506ng PFCs/g wet wt) measured in 2010 and 2011 was among the highest PFC concentration reported in bird eggs. These high concentrations are at levels associated with physiological and neurological effects in birds. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:10771083. (c) 2013 SETAC
C1 [Custer, Thomas W.; Dummer, Paul M.; Custer, Christine M.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
[Wu, Qian; Kannan, Kurunthachalam] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA.
[Wu, Qian; Kannan, Kurunthachalam] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Albany, NY USA.
[Trowbridge, Annette] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Twin Cities Ecol Serv Field Off, Bloomington, MN USA.
RP Custer, TW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
EM tcuster@usgs.gov
RI Custer, Christine/H-4871-2014;
OI Custer, Thomas/0000-0003-3170-6519
FU Off-Refuge Contaminants Investigations of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service
FX All research was done under protocols approved by the Animal Care and
Use Committee, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, U.S.
Geological Survey, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA. We thank tree climbers J.
Mussell, J. Sniegowski, and E. Shefland of Tree Guys Tree Care for egg
collection; M. Meier and P. McKann for field assistance; B. Gray for
statistical assistance; Minnesota Scientific and Natural Areas Program
personnel and Crow Wing County Land Services for access to the study
areas. The present study was funded through Off-Refuge Contaminants
Investigations of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 5
BP 1077
EP 1083
DI 10.1002/etc.2146
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 129PC
UT WOS:000317852700014
PM 23378367
ER
PT J
AU Etayo-Cadavid, MF
Andrus, CFT
Jones, KB
Hodgins, GWL
Sandweiss, DH
Uceda-Castillo, S
Quilter, J
AF Etayo-Cadavid, Miguel F.
Andrus, C. Fred T.
Jones, Kevin B.
Hodgins, Gregory W. L.
Sandweiss, Daniel H.
Uceda-Castillo, Santiago
Quilter, Jeffrey
TI Marine radiocarbon reservoir age variation in Donax obesulus shells from
northern Peru: Late Holocene evidence for extended El Nino
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NINO/SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; SOUTH-AMERICA; RECORD; CLIMATE; CONSEQUENCES;
VARIABILITY; CALIBRATION; EVENTS; ANDES; SEA
AB For at least 6 m.y., El Nino events have posed the greatest environmental risk on the Peruvian coast. A better understanding of El Nino is essential for predicting future risk and growth in this tropical desert. To achieve this we analyzed archaeological and modern pre-bomb shells from the surf clam Donax for the radiocarbon reservoir effect (Delta R) to characterize late Holocene coastal upwelling conditions in northern Peru (8 degrees 14'S). Mean Delta R values from these shells suggest that modern upwelling conditions in this region were likely established between A.D. 539 and A.D. 1578. Our radiocarbon data suggest that upwelling conditions ca. A.D. 539 were less intense than those in modern times. The observed coastal water enrichment in C-14 may be consequence of frequent strong El Nino events or extended El Nino-like conditions. These Delta R-inferred marine conditions are in agreement with proposed extended El Nino activity in proxy and archaeological records of ca. A.D. 475-530. Extended El Nino conditions have been linked to political destabilization, societal transformation, and collapse of the Moche civilization in northern Peru. A return to such conditions would have significant impacts on the dense population of this region today and in the near future.
C1 [Etayo-Cadavid, Miguel F.; Andrus, C. Fred T.] Univ Alabama, Dept Geol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Jones, Kevin B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Hodgins, Gregory W. L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Natl Sci Fdn, Arizona Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facil, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Sandweiss, Daniel H.] Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Dept Anthropol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Uceda-Castillo, Santiago] Univ Nacl Trujillo, Dept Arqueol & Antropol, Trujillo, Peru.
[Quilter, Jeffrey] Harvard Univ, Peabody Museum Archaeol & Ethnol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Etayo-Cadavid, MF (reprint author), BP Amer Inc, Houston, TX 77079 USA.
EM Miguel.Etayo@bp.com; fandrus@as.ua.edu; kevinjones@usgs.gov;
ghodgins@physics.arizona.edu; daniels@maine.edu;
santiago_uceda@hotmail.com; quilter@fas.harvard.edu
RI Jones, Kevin/A-7449-2014
OI Jones, Kevin/0000-0002-6386-2623
FU NSF [ESH-OCE-0502533]
FX We thank the staff of Invertebrate Zoology at the National Museum of
Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (Washington, D. C.), for loan
of modern pre-bomb specimens and permission to take samples. We also
thank Joe Lambert, Kelley Rich, and Robin Cobb from the Department of
Geological Sciences at the University of Alabama, and the staff of the
National Science Foundation (NSF) Arizona Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
Facility. This research was funded by NSF grant ESH-OCE-0502533 to
Andrus, Hodgins, and Sandweiss.
NR 36
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 29
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 5
BP 599
EP 602
DI 10.1130/G34065.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 130JT
UT WOS:000317911700023
ER
PT J
AU Cassirer, EF
Plowright, RK
Manlove, KR
Cross, PC
Dobson, AP
Potter, KA
Hudson, PJ
AF Cassirer, E. Frances
Plowright, Raina K.
Manlove, Kezia R.
Cross, Paul C.
Dobson, Andrew P.
Potter, Kathleen A.
Hudson, Peter J.
TI Spatio-temporal dynamics of pneumonia in bighorn sheep
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bacterial pneumonia; livestock-wildlife interface; Markov model; time
series
ID MYCOPLASMA-OVIPNEUMONIAE; OVIS-CANADENSIS; DOMESTIC SHEEP;
RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; MOUNTAIN SHEEP; POPULATION; HAEMOLYTICA; EPIDEMIC;
SURVIVAL; METAPOPULATIONS
AB Bighorn sheep mortality related to pneumonia is a primary factor limiting population recovery across western North America, but management has been constrained by an incomplete understanding of the disease. We analysed patterns of pneumonia-caused mortality over 14years in 16 interconnected bighorn sheep populations to gain insights into underlying disease processes. We observed four age-structured classes of annual pneumonia mortality patterns: all-age, lamb-only, secondary all-age and adult-only. Although there was considerable variability within classes, overall they differed in persistence within and impact on populations. Years with pneumonia-induced mortality occurring simultaneously across age classes (i.e. all-age) appeared to be a consequence of pathogen invasion into a naive population and resulted in immediate population declines. Subsequently, low recruitment due to frequent high mortality outbreaks in lambs, probably due to association with chronically infected ewes, posed a significant obstacle to population recovery. Secondary all-age events occurred in previously exposed populations when outbreaks in lambs were followed by lower rates of pneumonia-induced mortality in adults. Infrequent pneumonia events restricted to adults were usually of short duration with low mortality. Acute pneumonia-induced mortality in adults was concentrated in fall and early winter around the breeding season when rams are more mobile and the sexes commingle. In contrast, mortality restricted to lambs peaked in summer when ewes and lambs were concentrated in nursery groups. We detected weak synchrony in adult pneumonia between adjacent populations, but found no evidence for landscape-scale extrinsic variables as drivers of disease. We demonstrate that there was a >60% probability of a disease event each year following pneumonia invasion into bighorn sheep populations. Healthy years also occurred periodically, and understanding the factors driving these apparent fade-out events may be the key to managing this disease. Our data and modelling indicate that pneumonia can have greater impacts on bighorn sheep populations than previously reported, and we present hypotheses about processes involved for testing in future investigations and management.
C1 [Cassirer, E. Frances] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Lewiston, ID 83501 USA.
[Plowright, Raina K.; Manlove, Kezia R.; Hudson, Peter J.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Cross, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Dobson, Andrew P.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Potter, Kathleen A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Cassirer, EF (reprint author), Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 3316 16th St, Lewiston, ID 83501 USA.
EM frances.cassirer@idfg.idaho.gov
RI Cross, Paul/K-6987-2012;
OI Cross, Paul/0000-0001-8045-5213; Manlove, Kezia/0000-0002-7200-5236
FU Hells Canyon; Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG); Oregon
Department of Fish and Wildlife; Washington Department of Fish and
Wildlife; Bureau of Land Management; U. S. Forest Service; Wild Sheep
Foundation National, chapters and affiliates, Shikar-Safari Club
International, Idaho Wildlife Disease Research Oversight Committee,
Morris Animal Foundation; Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Project
[W-160-R]; Cedar Tree Foundation through the Smith Fellows program, New
York Community Trust, EcoHealth Alliance and Pamela Thye; NIH RAPIDD
initiative
FX This project would not have been possible without the support of many
Hells Canyon Initiative Bighorn Sheep Restoration Committee members and
collaborators. We are especially indebted to wildlife managers in
Oregon, Washington and Idaho who re-established bighorn sheep in Hells
Canyon and funded, coordinated and conducted monitoring and management
before and during this project. Many thanks to P. Zager and to field
personnel including W. Lammers, J. Ratliff, C. Strobl, M. Vekasy, M.
Hansen, C. Kallstrom, D. Gadwa, J. Myers, J. Spence, R. Ward and others.
Funding was provided by Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG), Oregon
Department of Fish and Wildlife, Washington Department of Fish and
Wildlife, Bureau of Land Management, U. S. Forest Service, Wild Sheep
Foundation National, chapters and affiliates, Shikar-Safari Club
International, Idaho Wildlife Disease Research Oversight Committee,
Morris Animal Foundation and Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Project
W-160-R administered through IDFG. RKP was supported by the Cedar Tree
Foundation through the Smith Fellows program, New York Community Trust,
EcoHealth Alliance and Pamela Thye. PJH was supported by the NIH RAPIDD
initiative. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 66
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 4
U2 67
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8790
J9 J ANIM ECOL
JI J. Anim. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 82
IS 3
BP 518
EP 528
DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12031
PG 11
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 129SU
UT WOS:000317863400004
PM 23398603
ER
PT J
AU Murdoch, JD
Davie, H
Galbadrah, M
Donovan, T
Reading, RP
AF Murdoch, J. D.
Davie, H.
Galbadrah, M.
Donovan, T.
Reading, R. P.
TI Do Siberian marmots influence toad-headed agama occupancy? Examining the
influence of marmot colonies and three steppe habitats in Mongolia
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Agamidae; Distribution; Marmota; Occupancy modeling; Phrynocephalus
ID PETROGALE-PENICILLATA
AB The Siberian marmot is a large, endangered rodent and often considered a keystone species because of its perceived effects on steppe ecosystems. However, few studies have examined the effects of marmots on other species. We examined the influence of marmots on toad-headed agama occupancy probability in an arid steppe region of Mongolia. We modeled the influence of marmot colonies and three habitats, including rocky outcrops, open plains, and shrubland using an occupancy modeling framework based on three surveys of 122 sites from June to August 2010. We detected agamas during 64% of surveys and at 85% of sites. Marmot colonies and their interactions with other habitats had little influence on occupancy probability at a given site. The amount of surrounding open plains and shrubland also showed little influence. Our results indicated toad-headed agama occupancy was inversely related to the amount of surrounding rocky outcrop. Rocky outcrop may be less suitable to agamas because of its sparse vegetation, lack of burrows, and heat-absorbing qualities. Although marmots affect the distribution of other species, our results suggest they exert little influence on toad-headed agamas. We also suggest that the creation of rocky habitat by mineral mining will negatively impact toad-headed agamas. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Murdoch, J. D.; Davie, H.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Wildlife & Fisheries Biol Program, George D Aiken Ctr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Galbadrah, M.] Mongolian Acad Sci, Denver Zoo Mongolia Program, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep.
[Donovan, T.] Univ Vermont, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Reading, R. P.] Denver Zool Fdn, Conservat Biol Dept, Denver, CO 80205 USA.
RP Murdoch, JD (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Wildlife & Fisheries Biol Program, George D Aiken Ctr, 81 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
EM jmurdoch@uvm.edu
FU Denver Zoological Foundation; University of Vermont; Mongolian Academy
of Sciences; U.S. Geological Survey; Vermont Department of Fish and
Wildlife; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank the Denver Zoological Foundation and University of Vermont for
supporting the project along with the Mongolian Academy of Sciences and
administration of Dalanjargal Soum and Dornogobi Aimag. We are grateful
to S. Buyandelger, C. McCulloch, and Earthwatch volunteers for help
surveying plots. We also thank I. Barcelo and anonymous reviewers for
their comments on the manuscript. Use of trade names or products does
not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government. The Vermont
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by the
U.S. Geological Survey, University of Vermont, Vermont Department of
Fish and Wildlife, and Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 92
BP 76
EP 80
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.01.011
PG 5
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 128ZM
UT WOS:000317808200010
ER
PT J
AU Milchunas, DG
Vandever, MW
AF Milchunas, D. G.
Vandever, M. W.
TI Grazing effects on aboveground primary production and root biomass of
early-seral, mid-seral, and undisturbed semiarid grassland
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Conservation Reserve Program (CRP); Grassland recovery after
cultivation; Herbivory; Restoration revegetation; Secondary succession;
Shortgrass steppe
ID LONG-TERM; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; INTRODUCED GRASS; LARGE HERBIVORES;
GREAT-PLAINS; CARBON; ALLOCATION; VEGETATION; DYNAMICS; ENVIRONMENTS
AB Annual/perennial and tall/short plant species differentially dominate early to late successional shortgrass steppe communities. Plant species can have different ratios of above-/below-ground biomass distributions and this can be modified by precipitation and grazing. We compared grazing effects on aboveground production and root biomass in early- and mid-seral fields and undisturbed shortgrass steppe. Production averaged across four years and grazed and ungrazed treatments were 246, 134, and 102 g m(-2) yr(-1) for the early-, mid-seral, and native sites, respectively, while root biomass averaged 358, 560, and 981 gm(-2), respectively. Early- and mid-seral communities provided complimentary forage supplies but at the cost of root biomass. Grazing increased, decreased, or had no effect on aboveground production in early-, mid-seral, and native communities, and had no effect on roots in any. Grazing had some negative effects on early spring forage species, but not in the annual dominated early-seral community. Dominant species increased with grazing in native communities with a long evolutionary history of grazing by large herbivores, but had no effects on the same species in mid-seral communities. Effects of grazing in native communities in a region cannot necessarily be used to predict effects at other seral stages. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Milchunas, D. G.] Colorado State Univ, Long Term Ecol Res Project, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Vandever, M. W.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Milchunas, DG (reprint author), POB 943, Laporte, CO 80535 USA.
EM Daniel.Milchunas@Colostate.edu
FU US Department of Agriculture - Farm Service Agency; Shortgrass Steppe
Long-Term Ecological Research Program (National Science Foundation)
[DEB-0217631, 0823405]; US Geological Survey
FX Leonard and Tammie Ball and Roland and Verda Ball of the Ball Ranch
provided much ground support, moving of cattle, fencing, helpful
discussions and friendly advice, and historical information without
which these experiments could not have been completed. Art Allen and
Fritz Knopf (both USGS-retired) were important in initial project setup
and Phil Chapman provided statistical advice. Skip Hyberg (USDA-Farm
Service Agency) reviewed an early draft of the manuscript. Judy Hendryx,
Nicole Kaplan, Kevin Meierbachtol, and the LTER field crew provided lab,
data processing, and field help. This research was funded by the US
Department of Agriculture - Farm Service Agency, the Shortgrass Steppe
Long-Term Ecological Research Program (National Science Foundation
DEB-0217631, 0823405), and the US Geological Survey.
NR 44
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 8
U2 85
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
EI 1095-922X
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 92
BP 81
EP 88
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.01.012
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 128ZM
UT WOS:000317808200011
ER
PT J
AU Matteson, KC
Grace, JB
Minor, ES
AF Matteson, K. C.
Grace, J. B.
Minor, E. S.
TI Direct and indirect effects of land use on floral resources and
flower-visiting insects across an urban landscape
SO OIKOS
LA English
DT Article
ID STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELS; BUMBLE BEES BOMBUS; POLLINATOR COMMUNITIES;
URBANIZATION; GARDENS; POPULATIONS; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; CITIES; AREAS
AB Although urban areas are often considered to have uniformly negative effects on biodiversity, cities are most accurately characterized as heterogeneous mosaics of buildings, streets, parks, and gardens that include both good' and bad' areas for wildlife. However, to date, few studies have evaluated how human impacts vary in direction and magnitude across a heterogeneous urban landscape. In this study, we assessed the distribution of floral resources and flower-visiting insects across a variety of land uses in New York City. We visited both green spaces (e.g. parks, cemeteries) and heavily developed neighborhood blocks (e.g. with high or low density residential zoning) and used structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of median income, vegetation, and development intensity on floral resources and insects in both settings. Abundance and taxonomic richness of flower-visiting insects was significantly greater in green spaces than neighborhood blocks. The SEM results indicated that heavily-developed neighborhoods generally had fewer flower-visiting insects consistent with reductions in floral resources. However, some low-density residential neighborhoods maintained high levels of floral resources and flower-visiting insects. We found that the effects of surrounding vegetation on floral resources, and thus indirect effects on insects, varied considerably between green spaces and neighborhood blocks. Along neighborhood blocks, vegetation consisted of a mosaic of open gardens and sparsely distributed trees and had a positive indirect effect on flower-visiting insects. In contrast, vegetation in urban green spaces was associated with increased canopy cover and thus had a negative indirect effect on flower-visiting insects through reductions in floral resources. In both neighborhood blocks and green spaces, vegetation had a positive direct effect on flower-visiting insects independent of the influence of vegetation on floral resources. Our results demonstrate how inter-related components of an urban ecosystem can vary with respect to one another across a heterogeneous urban landscape, suggesting that it is inappropriate to generalize about urban systems as a whole without first addressing differences among component land use types.
C1 [Matteson, K. C.; Minor, E. S.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Grace, J. B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Matteson, KC (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Zool, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
EM kevmatteson@gmail.com
FU UIC Dept of Biological Sciences; Inst. for Environmental Science and
Policy; USGS
FX We thank Amy Belaire, Andrew Dribin, Gail Langellotto, Cliff Shierk,
Eric Sweeney and Karen McKee for their constructive comments. We are
grateful to John Ascher of the American Museum of Natural History for
identification of bee species. We also thank Jason Gibbs for identifying
some additional Lasiogiossum species. We thank Darren Johnson of Five
Rivers Services, LLC at US Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research
Center for technical help. This work was partially supported by the UIC
Dept of Biological Sciences and the Inst. for Environmental Science and
Policy. Support for JG provided by the USGS Ecosystems and Climate
Change Programs. The use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 51
TC 23
Z9 25
U1 16
U2 217
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0030-1299
J9 OIKOS
JI Oikos
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 122
IS 5
BP 682
EP 694
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.20229.x
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 131GS
UT WOS:000317981400005
ER
PT J
AU Cam, E
Gimenez, O
Alpizar-Jara, R
Aubry, LM
Authier, M
Cooch, EG
Koons, DN
Link, WA
Monnat, JY
Nichols, JD
Rotella, JJ
Royle, JA
Pradel, R
AF Cam, Emmanuelle
Gimenez, Olivier
Alpizar-Jara, Russell
Aubry, Lise M.
Authier, Matthieu
Cooch, Evan G.
Koons, David N.
Link, William A.
Monnat, Jean-Yves
Nichols, James D.
Rotella, Jay J.
Royle, Jeffrey A.
Pradel, Roger
TI Looking for a needle in a haystack: inference about individual fitness
components in a heterogeneous population
SO OIKOS
LA English
DT Article
ID AGE-SPECIFIC SURVIVAL; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; NEUTRAL THEORY; DEMOGRAPHIC
HETEROGENEITY; INFORMATION CRITERION; MORTALITY PLATEAUS; MODEL
SELECTION; MIXED MODELS; FRAILTY; KITTIWAKE
AB Studies of wild vertebrates have provided evidence of substantial differences in lifetime reproduction among individuals and the sequences of life history states' during life (breeding, nonbreeding, etc.). Such differences may reflect fixed' differences in fitness components among individuals determined before, or at the onset of reproductive life. Many retrospective life history studies have translated this idea by assuming a latent' unobserved heterogeneity resulting in a fixed hierarchy among individuals in fitness components. Alternatively, fixed differences among individuals are not necessarily needed to account for observed levels of individual heterogeneity in life histories. Individuals with identical fitness traits may stochastically experience different outcomes for breeding and survival through life that lead to a diversity of state' sequences with some individuals living longer and being more productive than others, by chance alone. The question is whether individuals differ in their underlying fitness components in ways that cannot be explained by observable states' such as age, previous breeding success, etc. Here, we compare statistical models that represent these opposing hypotheses, and mixtures of them, using data from kittiwakes. We constructed models that accounted for observed covariates, individual random effects (unobserved heterogeneity), first-order Markovian transitions between observed states, or combinations of these features. We show that individual sequences of states are better accounted for by models incorporating unobserved heterogeneity than by models including first-order Markov processes alone, or a combination of both. If we had not considered individual heterogeneity, models including Markovian transitions would have been the best performing ones. We also show that inference about age-related changes in fitness components is sensitive to incorporation of underlying individual heterogeneity in models. Our approach provides insight into the sources of individual heterogeneity in life histories, and can be applied to other data sets to examine the ubiquity of our results across the tree of life.
C1 [Cam, Emmanuelle; Gimenez, Olivier; Authier, Matthieu; Pradel, Roger] Ctr Ecol Evolut & Fonct, UMR 5175, FR-34293 Montpellier 5, France.
[Cam, Emmanuelle] Univ Toulouse 3, UMR 5174, FR-31062 Toulouse 9, France.
[Authier, Matthieu] CNRS, UPR 1934, Ctr Etud Biol Chize, FR-79360 Villiers En Bois, France.
[Alpizar-Jara, Russell] Univ Evora, Dept Math, Ctr Invest Matemat & Aplicacoes CIMA UE, P-7000 Evora, Portugal.
[Aubry, Lise M.; Koons, David N.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Cooch, Evan G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Link, William A.; Nichols, James D.; Royle, Jeffrey A.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Monnat, Jean-Yves] Penn Ar Run Izella, FR-29770 Goulien, France.
[Rotella, Jay J.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Cam, E (reprint author), Ctr Ecol Evolut & Fonct, UMR 5175, 1919 Route Mende, FR-34293 Montpellier 5, France.
EM emmanuelle.cam@univ-tlse3.fr
RI Gimenez, Olivier/G-4281-2010; Alpizar-Jara, Russell/N-7270-2013;
OI Alpizar-Jara, Russell/0000-0001-8806-3345; Royle,
Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
FU Institut Universitaire Europeen de la Mer (Plouzane, France); NSF [DEB
1019613]; Programme d'Actions Universitaires Integres Luso-Francaises
(Laboratoire Evolution et Diversite Biologique, Universite Paul
Sabatier, France - Depto de Matematica, Universidade de Evora, Portugal)
FX We thank the Conseil General du Finistere for allowing us to work in the
nature reserve of Goulien Cap Sizun (Brittany, France, managed by
Bretagne Vivante, the Societe pour l'Etude et la Protection de la Nature
en Bretagne) and in the Pointe du Raz. The Institut Universitaire
Europeen de la Mer (Plouzane, France) provided financial support for
this long-term study. LMA was supported by NSF DEB 1019613. EC and RAJ
were supported by the Programme d'Actions Universitaires Integres
Luso-Francaises (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversite Biologique,
Universite Paul Sabatier, France - Depto de Matematica, Universidade de
Evora, Portugal). We are very grateful to Dan Nussey, Matthew Symonds
and John Sauer for providing helpful comments on an earlier version of
the manuscript. We thank all the people involved in data collection,
especially Jacques Nisser and Morgane Huteau for their help marking
birds, and all the processors of Euler, Diesel and Eagle1, the three
computers that have been working on this paper for more than a year.
This study was authorized by the Centre de Recherches sur la Biologie
des Populations d'Oiseaux (CRBPO, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris,
France). The permit to capture kittiwakes and mark them was granted by
the CRBPO. All work was carried out in accordance with standard animal
care protocols approved by the CRBPO.
NR 79
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 5
U2 74
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0030-1299
EI 1600-0706
J9 OIKOS
JI Oikos
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 122
IS 5
BP 739
EP 753
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.20532.x
PG 15
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 131GS
UT WOS:000317981400010
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, RG
Puente-Rolon, AR
Reed, RN
Revell, LJ
AF Reynolds, R. Graham
Puente-Rolon, Alberto R.
Reed, Robert N.
Revell, Liam J.
TI Genetic analysis of a novel invasion of Puerto Rico by an exotic
constricting snake
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Boa constrictor; Boidae; Effective population size; Genetic diversity;
Invasive species; Microsatellite
ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; BOA-CONSTRICTOR;
PROGRAM
AB The tropical island Puerto Rico is potentially vulnerable to invasion by some species of exotic snakes; however, until now no established populations had been reported. Here we report and genetically characterize the nascent invasion of Puerto Rico by an exotic constricting snake of the family Boidae (Boa constrictor) using mtDNA and microsatellite data. Over 150 individual B. constrictor have been removed from Mayaguez municipality since May 2011, and our results from the genetic analysis of 32 individuals suggest that this population was recently founded by individuals of one subspecies from a genetic lineage common to zoo and breeding collections, but that the potential propagule pool consists of two subspecies. We also suggest that anthropogenic long-distance dispersal within the island of Puerto Rico may be occurring from the established population, with implications for further establishment across the island. This study represents the first report of the naturalization of an invasive species of boid snake in Puerto Rico and will be important in determining mitigation strategies for this invasion as well as providing a basis for comparison to other on-going studies of invasive snakes.
C1 [Reynolds, R. Graham; Revell, Liam J.] Univ Massachusetts Boston, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Puente-Rolon, Alberto R.] Univ Interamer Puerto Rico, Dept Ciencias & Tecnol, Arecibo, PR 00614 USA.
[Reed, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
RP Reynolds, RG (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Boston, Dept Biol, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
EM rgraham.reynolds@umb.edu
FU University of Massachusetts, Boston; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We are grateful to L. Figueroa and the staff of the Dr. Juan A. Rivero
Zoo, and R. Lopez, A. Atienza, and the rangers of the Departamento de
Recursos Naturales y Ambientales (DRNA) for access to captured boas. We
also thank A.J. Torres, R. Arroyo, K. Ortiz, A. Robateau, C. del Rio, C.
D. Rios, I. Ocasio, N. Martinez, M. Camacho, L. Maldonado, A.Z. Morales,
K. Centeno, J. Rodriguez, C. Amarro, and M. Vega from the Universidad
Interamericana de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Areceibo for assistance with
necropsy. All samples were collected under DRNA permit 2011-IC-043.
Funding was provided by the University of Massachusetts, Boston and the
U.S. Geological Survey. Finally, we thank W. Booth, S. Oyler-McCance, F.
Kraus, and two anonymous reviewers for their excellent comments which
greatly improved the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 27
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 41
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 15
IS 5
BP 953
EP 959
DI 10.1007/s10530-012-0354-2
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 122XH
UT WOS:000317351400002
ER
PT J
AU Kelley, KD
Lang, JR
Eppinger, RG
AF Kelley, Karen D.
Lang, James R.
Eppinger, Robert G.
TI The Giant Pebble Cu-Au-Mo Deposit and Surrounding Region, Southwest
Alaska: Introduction
SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MINERAL EXPLORATION; AGE
C1 [Kelley, Karen D.; Eppinger, Robert G.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Lang, James R.] Hunter Dickinson Inc, Vancouver, BC V6C 2V6, Canada.
RP Kelley, KD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mail Stop 973,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM kdkelley@usgs.gov
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 20
PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC
PI LITTLETON
PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA
SN 0361-0128
J9 ECON GEOL
JI Econ. Geol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 108
IS 3
SI SI
BP 397
EP 404
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 121ML
UT WOS:000317248800001
ER
PT J
AU Goldfarb, RJ
Anderson, ED
Hart, CJR
AF Goldfarb, Richard J.
Anderson, Eric D.
Hart, Craig J. R.
TI Tectonic Setting of the Pebble and Other Copper-Gold-Molybdenum Porphyry
Deposits within the Evolving Middle Cretaceous Continental Margin of
Northwestern North America
SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID YUKON-TANANA TERRANE; EASTERN ALASKA RANGE; DENALI FAULT SYSTEM;
SOUTHWESTERN ALASKA; AU DEPOSITS; CU-AU; PENINSULAR TERRANE; SOUTHERN
ALASKA; PLUTONIC ROCKS; PACIFIC-OCEAN
AB The Pebble Cu-Au-Mo deposit in southwestern Alaska, containing the largest gold resource of any known porphyry in the world, developed in a tectonic setting significantly different from that of the present-day. It is one of a series of metalliferous middle Cretaceous porphyritic granodiorite, quartz monzonite, and diorite bodies, evolved from lower crust and metasomatized lithospheric mantle melts, which formed along much of the length of the North American craton suture with the Peninsular-Alexander-Wrangellia arc. The porphyry deposits were emplaced within the northernmost two of a series of ca. 130 to 80 Ma flysch basins that define the suture, as well as into arc rocks immediately seaward of the two basins. Deposits include the ca. 100 to 90 Ma Pebble, Neacola, and other porphyry prospects along the Kahiltna basin-Peninsula terrane boundary, and the ca. 115 to 105 Ma Baultoff, Carl Creek, Horsfeld, Orange Hill, Bond Creek, and Chisna porphyries along the Nutzotin basin-Wrangellia terrane boundary.
The porphyry deposits probably formed along the craton margin more than 1,000 km to the south of their present latitude. Palinspastic reconstructions of plate kinematics from this period are particularly difficult because magmatism overlaps the 119 to 83 Ma Cretaceous Normal Superchron, a period when sea-floor magnetic data are lacking. Our favored scenario is that ore formation broadly overlaps the cessation of sedimentation and contraction and the transition to a transpressional continental margin regime, such that the remnant ocean basins were converted to strike-slip basins. The basins and outboard Peninsular-Alexander-Wrangellia composite superterrane, which are all located seaward of the deep crustal Denali-Farewell fault system, were subjected to northerly dextral transpression for as long as perhaps 50 my., beginning at ca. 95 10 Ma. The onset of this transpression was marked by development of the mineralized bodies along fault segments on the seaward side of the basins.
Geochemical and radiogenic isotopic data for igneous rocks associated with the Pebble porphyry deposit suggest continuous melt derivation from enriched lithosphere of a recently metasomatized mantle. These geochemical characteristics, coupled with the arc-continent-related collisional setting, suggest that lithospheric thickening and postcollisional lithospheric melting are the most likely cause of the ore-related magmatism. Subsequent to translation of the Alaskan margin terranes and early Tertiary oroclinal bending of Alaska, the northernmost Kahiltna basin and the Pebble deposit, as well as the other porphyry systems, reached their present-day locations along southern Alaska.
C1 [Goldfarb, Richard J.; Anderson, Eric D.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Goldfarb, Richard J.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Earth & Geog Sci, Ctr Explorat Targeting, Crawley, WA 60094, Australia.
[Goldfarb, Richard J.] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Geol Proc & Mineral Resources, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Hart, Craig J. R.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Mineral Deposit Res Unit, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
RP Goldfarb, RJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM Goldfarb@usgs.gov
NR 94
TC 14
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 43
PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC
PI LITTLETON
PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA
SN 0361-0128
EI 1554-0774
J9 ECON GEOL
JI Econ. Geol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 108
IS 3
SI SI
BP 405
EP 419
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 121ML
UT WOS:000317248800002
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, ED
Hitzman, MW
Monecke, T
Bedrosian, PA
Shah, AK
Kelley, KD
AF Anderson, Eric D.
Hitzman, Murray W.
Monecke, Thomas
Bedrosian, Paul A.
Shah, Anjana K.
Kelley, Karen D.
TI Geological Analysis of Aeromagnetic Data from Southwestern Alaska:
Implications for Exploration in the Area of the Pebble Porphyry Cu-Au-Mo
Deposit
SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WRANGELLIA COMPOSITE TERRANE; ALEUTIAN RANGE BATHOLITH; BASIN
DEVELOPMENT; COPPER SYSTEMS; MINERALIZATION; GEOCHRONOLOGY; SEDIMENTARY;
TECTONICS; MAGMATISM; MOUNTAINS
AB Aeromagnetic data are used to better understand the geology and mineral resources near the Late Cretaceous Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit in southwestern Alaska. The reduced-to-pole (RTP) transformation of regional-scale aeromagnetic data shows that the Pebble deposit is within a cluster of magnetic anomaly highs. Similar to Pebble, the Iliamna, Kijik, and Neacola porphyry copper occurrences are in magnetic highs that trend northeast along the crustal-scale Lake Clark fault. A high-amplitude, short- to moderate-wavelength anomaly is centered over the Kemuk occurrence, an Alaska-type ultramafic complex Similar anomalies are found west and north of Kemuk. A moderate-amplitude, moderate-wavelength magnetic low surrounded by a moderate-amplitude, short-wavelength magnetic high is associated with the gold-bearing Shotgun intrusive complex.
The RTP transformation of the district-scale aeromagnetic data acquired over Pebble permits differentiation of a variety of Jurassic to Tertiary magmatic rock suites. Jurassic-Cretaceous basalt and gabbro units and Late Cretaceous biotite pyroxenite and granodiorite rocks produce magnetic highs. Tertiary basalt units also produce magnetic highs, but appear to be volumetrically minor. Eocene monzonite units have associated magnetic lows. The RTP data do not suggest a magnetite-rich hydrothermal system at the Pebble deposit.
The 10-km upward continuation transformation of the regional-scale data shows a linear northeast trend of magnetic anomaly highs. These anomalies are spatially correlated with Late Cretaceous igneous rocks and in the Pebble district are centered over the granodiorite rocks genetically related to porphyry copper systems. The spacing of these anomalies is similar to patterns shown by the numerous porphyry copper deposits in northern Chile. These anomalies are interpreted to reflect a Late Cretaceous magmatic arc that is favorable for additional discoveries of Late Cretaceous porphyry copper systems in southwestern Alaska.
C1 [Anderson, Eric D.; Bedrosian, Paul A.; Shah, Anjana K.; Kelley, Karen D.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Anderson, Eric D.; Hitzman, Murray W.; Monecke, Thomas] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Anderson, ED (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mail Stop 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM ericanderson@usgs.gov
RI Monecke, Thomas/E-9131-2014
NR 67
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 23
PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC
PI LITTLETON
PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA
SN 0361-0128
EI 1554-0774
J9 ECON GEOL
JI Econ. Geol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 108
IS 3
SI SI
BP 421
EP 436
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 121ML
UT WOS:000317248800003
ER
PT J
AU Eppinger, RG
Fey, DL
Giles, SA
Grunsky, EC
Kelley, KD
Minsley, BJ
Munk, L
Smith, SM
AF Eppinger, Robert G.
Fey, David L.
Giles, Stuart A.
Grunsky, Eric C.
Kelley, Karen D.
Minsley, Burke J.
Munk, LeeAnn
Smith, Steven M.
TI Summary of Exploration Geochemical and Mineralogical Studies at the
Giant Pebble Porphyry Cu-Au-Mo Deposit, Alaska: Implications for
Exploration Under Cover
SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; EAST-CENTRAL ALASKA; SOUTHWESTERN ALASKA;
INDICATOR MINERALS; COMPOSITIONAL DATA; COPPER-DEPOSITS; ANOMALIES; USA;
MODEL; SOIL
AB Exploration geochemical and mineralogical studies by the U.S. Geological Survey at the Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit were designed to (1) determine whether the concealed deposit can be detected with surface samples, (2) better understand the processes of metal migration from the deposit to the surface, and (3) test existing methods for assessing concealed mineral resources and/or develop new ones. Surface water (ponds, streams, and springs), pond and stream sediment, soils subjected to various leaching techniques, and glacial till samples were collected. The tilted nature of the undisturbed orebody, varying depth of cover, and later glacial processes, strongly influence the geochemical responses and processes active on the various sample media. The multimedia approach aids in identifying possible processes that caused the significant geochemical variations within and among the various media. These processes include the following:
1. In the Pebble West zone, thin cover and local exposure of the orebody have facilitated the oxidation of pyrite and other sulfides, and associated ferrous-ferric iron reactions, resulting in the local natural acidification of ponds observed in the West zone, and in associated metal anomalies in waters, sediments, and soils.
2. In contrast, the East zone is concealed by both glacial deposits and underlying thick cover rocks, which precludes the oxidation of sulfides in the underlying orebody. Low-level geochemical anomalies in circumneutral spring and pond waters from the East zone are discernible only by using high resolution-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry with lower limits of determination two and perhaps three orders of magnitude lower than traditional methods. A variety of partial leaches of soils over the East zone reveal geochemical anomalies in a similar suite of elements that may be related to upwelling waters from depth along graben-bounding faults.
3. The indicator minerals gold, jarosite, and andradite in till reveal a displaced mineralogical anomaly to the west and south of the Pebble orebody, as ore-related minerals were scraped from the orebody and deposited in till downice of the deposit. Geochemical anomalies in pond water and sediment over the displaced till are attributed to the ore-related minerals in till. This orientation study demonstrates the strong control of local geologic and geochemical settings on the effectiveness of different traditional and newer reconnaissance geochemical exploration techniques and thus has important implications for exploration.
C1 [Eppinger, Robert G.; Fey, David L.; Giles, Stuart A.; Kelley, Karen D.; Minsley, Burke J.; Smith, Steven M.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Grunsky, Eric C.] Geol Survey Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada.
[Munk, LeeAnn] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Geol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Eppinger, RG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 25046,Mail Stop 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM eppinger@usgs.gov
OI Minsley, Burke/0000-0003-1689-1306
NR 89
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 31
PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC
PI LITTLETON
PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA
SN 0361-0128
J9 ECON GEOL
JI Econ. Geol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 108
IS 3
SI SI
BP 495
EP 527
PG 33
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 121ML
UT WOS:000317248800007
ER
PT J
AU Ayuso, RA
Kelley, KD
Eppinger, RG
Forni, F
AF Ayuso, Robert A.
Kelley, Karen D.
Eppinger, Robert G.
Forni, Francesca
TI Pb-Sr-Nd Isotopes in Surficial Materials at the Pebble Porphyry Cu-Au-Mo
Deposit, Southwestern Alaska: Can the Mineralizing Fingerprint be
Detected Through Cover?
SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RARE-EARTH-ELEMENTS; BASE-METAL EXPLORATION; LEAD ISOTOPES; ACCESSORY
PHASES; TILL; SOIL; REE; INDICATOR; WATERS; GRANITOIDS
AB The Cretaceous Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit is covered by tundra and glacigenic sediments. Pb-Sr-Nd measurements were done on sediments and soils to establish baseline conditions prior to the onset of mining operations and contribute to the development of exploration methods for concealed base metal deposits of this type. Pebble rocks have a moderate range for Pb-206/Pb-204 = 18.574 to 18.874, Pb-207/Pb-204 = 15.484 to 15.526, and Pb-208/Pb-204 = 38.053 to 38.266. Mineralized granodiorite shows a modest spread in Sr-87/Sr-86 (0.704354-0.707621) and Nd-143/Nd-144 (0.512639-0.512750). Age-corrected (89 Ma) values for the granodiorite yield relatively unradiogenic Pb (e.g., Pb-207/Pb-204 <15.52), low values of Sr-87/Sr-86, and positive values of epsilon Nd (1.00-4.52) that attest to a major contribution of mantle-derived source rocks. Pond sediments and soils have similar Pb isotope signatures and Sr-87/Sr-86 and Nd-143/Nd-144 values that resemble the mineralized granodiorites. Glacial events have obscured the recognition of isotope signatures of mineralized rocks in the sediments and soils. Baseline radiogenic isotope compositions, prior to the onset of mining operations, reflect natural erosion, transport and deposition of heterogeneous till sheets that included debris from barren rocks, mineralized granodiorite and sulfides from the Pebble deposit, and other country rocks that pre- and postdate the mineralization events. Isotopic variations suggest that natural weathering of the deposit is generally reflected in these surficial materials. The isotope data provide geochemical constraints to glimpse through the extensive cover and together with other geochemical observations provide a vector to concealed mineralized rocks genetically linked with the Pebble deposit.
C1 [Ayuso, Robert A.; Forni, Francesca] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Kelley, Karen D.; Eppinger, Robert G.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Forni, Francesca] Univ Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
RP Ayuso, RA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mail Stop 254, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM rayuso@usgs.gov
RI Forni, Francesca/C-9127-2017
NR 57
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 23
PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC
PI LITTLETON
PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA
SN 0361-0128
J9 ECON GEOL
JI Econ. Geol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 108
IS 3
SI SI
BP 543
EP 563
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 121ML
UT WOS:000317248800009
ER
PT J
AU Arismendi, I
Johnson, SL
Dunham, JB
Haggerty, R
AF Arismendi, Ivan
Johnson, Sherri L.
Dunham, Jason B.
Haggerty, Roy
TI Descriptors of natural thermal regimes in streams and their
responsiveness to change in the Pacific Northwest of North America
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE coherence; global warming; North American streams; stream temperature;
synchrony; trends
ID BONNEVILLE CUTTHROAT TROUT; SPAWNING SEASON; SOCKEYE-SALMON; LAKE
DISTRICTS; CHINOOK SALMON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TEMPERATURE; RIVER;
RESPONSES; FLOWS
AB 1. Temperature is a major driver of ecological processes in stream ecosystems, yet the dynamics of thermal regimes remain poorly described. Most work has focused on relatively simple descriptors that fail to capture the full range of conditions that characterise thermal regimes of streams across seasons or throughout the year. 2. To more completely describe thermal regimes, we developed several descriptors of magnitude, variability, frequency, duration and timing of thermal events throughout a year. We evaluated how these descriptors change over time using long-term (19792009), continuous temperature data from five relatively undisturbed cold-water streams in western Oregon, U.S.A. In addition to trends for each descriptor, we evaluated similarities among them, as well as patterns of spatial coherence, and temporal synchrony. 3. Using different groups of descriptors, we were able to more fully capture distinct aspects of the full range of variability in thermal regimes across space and time. A subset of descriptors showed both higher coherence and synchrony and, thus, an appropriate level of responsiveness to examine evidence of regional climatic influences on thermal regimes. Most notably, daily minimum values during winterspring were the most responsive descriptors to potential climatic influences. 4. Overall, thermal regimes in streams we studied showed high frequency and low variability of cold temperatures during the cold-water period in winter and spring, and high frequency and high variability of warm temperatures during the warm-water period in summer and autumn. The cold and warm periods differed in the distribution of events with a higher frequency and longer duration of warm events in summer than cold events in winter. The cold period exhibited lower variability in the duration of events, but showed more variability in timing. 5. In conclusion, our results highlight the importance of a year-round perspective in identifying the most responsive characteristics or descriptors of thermal regimes in streams. The descriptors we provide herein can be applied across hydro-ecological regions to evaluate spatial and temporal patterns in thermal regimes. Evaluation of coherence and synchrony of different components of thermal regimes can facilitate identification of impacts of regional climate variability or local human or natural influences.
C1 [Arismendi, Ivan; Haggerty, Roy] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Johnson, Sherri L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Dunham, Jason B.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA.
RP Arismendi, I (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM ivan.arismendi@oregonstate.edu
RI Haggerty, Roy/A-5863-2009; Arismendi, Ivan/B-3144-2010
OI Arismendi, Ivan/0000-0002-8774-9350
FU National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program [DEB
08-23380]; US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; Oregon
State University; US Geological Survey; Oregon State University
[10-JV-11261991-055]; National Science Foundation [EAR-1039192]
FX Brooke Penaluna and two anonymous reviewers provided comments on the
manuscript. Part of the data was provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental
Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's
Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 08-23380), US Forest Service
Pacific Northwest Research Station and Oregon State University.
Financial support was provided by US Geological Survey, the US Forest
Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and Oregon State University
through joint venture agreement 10-JV-11261991-055. The contribution of
RH is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under
Grant No. EAR-1039192. Use of firm or trade names is for reader
information only and does not imply endorsement of any product or
service by the U.S. Government.
NR 59
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 54
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 5
BP 880
EP 894
DI 10.1111/fwb.12094
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 126NZ
UT WOS:000317625900004
ER
PT J
AU Coulter, AA
Keller, D
Amberg, JJ
Bailey, EJ
Goforth, RR
AF Coulter, Alison A.
Keller, Doug
Amberg, Jon J.
Bailey, Elizabeth J.
Goforth, Reuben R.
TI Phenotypic plasticity in the spawning traits of bigheaded carp
(Hypophthalmichthys spp.) in novel ecosystems
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Asian carp; bigheaded carp; Hypophthalmichthys; invasive cyprinid;
phenotypic plasticity
ID LOWER MISSOURI RIVER; NORTH-AMERICA; ASIAN CARPS; SILVER CARP; INVASION;
GROWTH; RISK
AB 1.Bigheaded carp, including both silver (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead (H.nobilis) carp, are successful invasive fishes that threaten global freshwater biodiversity. High phenotypic plasticity probably contributes to their success in novel ecosystems, although evidence of plasticity in several spawning traits has hitherto been largely anecdotal or speculative. 2.We collected drifting eggs from a Midwestern U.S.A. river from June to September 2011 and from April to June 2012 to investigate the spawning traits of bigheaded carp in novel ecosystems. 3.Unlike reports from the native range, the presence of drifting bigheaded carp eggs was not related to changes in hydrological regime or mean daily water temperature. Bigheaded carp also exhibited protracted spawning, since we found drifting eggs throughout the summer and as late as 1 September 2011. Finally, we detected bigheaded carp eggs in a river reach where the channel is c. 30m wide with a catchment area of 4579km2, the smallest stream in which spawning has yet been documented. 4.Taken with previous observations of spawning traits that depart from those observed within the native ranges of both bighead and silver carp, our findings provide direct evidence that bigheaded carp exhibit plastic spawning traits in novel ecosystems that may facilitate invasion and establishment in a wider range of river conditions than previously envisaged.
C1 [Coulter, Alison A.; Bailey, Elizabeth J.; Goforth, Reuben R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Keller, Doug] Indiana Dept Nat Resources, Indianapolis, IN USA.
[Amberg, Jon J.] USGS Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
RP Goforth, RR (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM rgoforth@purdue.edu
RI Goforth, Reuben/B-1646-2010
OI Goforth, Reuben/0000-0001-6891-3146
FU Indiana Department of Natural Resources; US Fish and Wildlife Service;
USEPA's Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
FX This project would not have been possible without the extensive input
and help of our State of Indiana collaborators, Goforth Lab graduate
students, personnel and undergraduate technicians. S. Conor Keitzer,
Jayson Beugly and Duane Chapman provided extremely helpful comments on
drafts of this manuscript and helped to improve it substantially. The
Indiana Department of Natural Resources, the US Fish and Wildlife
Service and the USEPA's Great Lakes Restoration Initiative provided
financial support. Any use of trade, product or company name is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. This study was conducted in compliance with Purdue Animal
Use and Care Committee Protocol 09-040.
NR 32
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 6
U2 59
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 5
BP 1029
EP 1037
DI 10.1111/fwb.12106
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 126NZ
UT WOS:000317625900015
ER
PT J
AU Metzger, MJ
Bunce, RGH
Jongman, RHG
Sayre, R
Trabucco, A
Zomer, R
AF Metzger, Marc J.
Bunce, Robert G. H.
Jongman, Rob H. G.
Sayre, Roger
Trabucco, Antonio
Zomer, Robert
TI A high-resolution bioclimate map of the world: a unifying framework for
global biodiversity research and monitoring
SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bioclimate indicators; biodiversity monitoring; climate; environmental
stratification; global climate classification
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAND CLASSIFICATION;
OBSERVING SYSTEM; EUROPE; STRATIFICATION; ECOREGIONS; IMPACTS; REGIONS;
TRENDS
AB Aim To develop a novel global spatial framework for the integration and analysis of ecological and environmental data. Location The global land surface excluding Antarctica. Methods A broad set of climate-related variables were considered for inclusion in a quantitative model, which partitions geographic space into bioclimate regions. Statistical screening produced a subset of relevant bioclimate variables, which were further compacted into fewer independent dimensions using principal components analysis (PCA). An ISODATA clustering routine was then used to classify the principal components into relatively homogeneous environmental strata. The strata were aggregated into global environmental zones based on the attribute distances between strata to provide structure and support a consistent nomenclature. Results The global environmental stratification (GEnS) consists of 125 strata, which have been aggregated into 18 global environmental zones. The stratification has a 30 arcsec resolution (equivalent to 0.86 km2 at the equator). Aggregations of the strata were compared with nine existing global, continental and national bioclimate and ecosystem classifications using the Kappa statistic. Values range between 0.54 and 0.72, indicating good agreement in bioclimate and ecosystem patterns between existing maps and the GEnS. Main conclusions The GEnS provides a robust spatial analytical framework for the aggregation of local observations, identification of gaps in current monitoring efforts and systematic design of complementary and new monitoring and research. The dataset is available for non-commercial use through the GEO portal (http://www.geoportal.org).
C1 [Metzger, Marc J.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Bunce, Robert G. H.] Estonian Univ Life Sci, EE-51041 Tartu, Estonia.
[Jongman, Rob H. G.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Alterra, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Sayre, Roger] US Geol Survey, Climate & Land Use Change Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Trabucco, Antonio] Euro Mediterranean Ctr Climate Change, I-07100 Sassari, Italy.
[Trabucco, Antonio] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Div Forest Nat & Landscape, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium.
[Zomer, Robert] Kunming Insitute Bot, Ctr Mt Ecosyst Studies, Kunming, Peoples R China.
RP Metzger, MJ (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Drummond St, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM marc.metzger@ed.ac.uk
RI Metzger, Marc/B-2510-2010;
OI Metzger, Marc/0000-0002-5119-5894; Zomer, Robert/0000-0002-2259-3359;
Trabucco, Antonio/0000-0002-0743-3680
FU EU [212322]
FX The work presented in this paper was carried out as part of the
EU-funded FP7 research project EBONE (European Biodiversity Observation
Network, contract 212322), and has been previously reported in project
deliverable D3.1, which was made available on the project website
(http://www.ebone.wur.nl). We are grateful to the three referees for
their constructive comments.
NR 46
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 2
U2 86
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1466-822X
J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR
JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 5
BP 630
EP 638
DI 10.1111/geb.12022
PG 9
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 127CP
UT WOS:000317673200011
ER
PT J
AU Gyuranecz, M
Foster, JT
Dan, A
Ip, HS
Egstad, KF
Parker, PG
Higashiguchi, JM
Skinner, MA
Hofle, U
Kreizinger, Z
Dorrestein, GM
Solt, S
Sos, E
Kim, YJ
Uhart, M
Pereda, A
Gonzalez-Hein, G
Hidalgo, H
Blanco, JM
Erdelyi, K
AF Gyuranecz, Miklos
Foster, Jeffrey T.
Dan, Adam
Ip, Hon S.
Egstad, Kristina F.
Parker, Patricia G.
Higashiguchi, Jenni M.
Skinner, Michael A.
Hoefle, Ursula
Kreizinger, Zsuzsa
Dorrestein, Gerry M.
Solt, Szabolcs
Sos, Endre
Kim, Young Jun
Uhart, Marcela
Pereda, Ariel
Gonzalez-Hein, Gisela
Hidalgo, Hector
Blanco, Juan-Manuel
Erdelyi, Karoly
TI Worldwide Phylogenetic Relationship of Avian Poxviruses
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HAWAIIAN FOREST BIRDS; CALANDRELLA-RUFESCENS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD;
FOWLPOX VIRUS; ENDEMIC BIRDS; POX; INFECTION; AVIPOXVIRUSES; TREES; GENE
AB Poxvirus infections have been found in 230 species of wild and domestic birds worldwide in both terrestrial and marine environments. This ubiquity raises the question of how infection has been transmitted and globally dispersed. We present a comprehensive global phylogeny of 111 novel poxvirus isolates in addition to all available sequences from GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis of the Avipoxvirus genus has traditionally relied on one gene region (4b core protein). In this study we expanded the analyses to include a second locus (DNA polymerase gene), allowing for a more robust phylogenetic framework, finer genetic resolution within specific groups, and the detection of potential recombination. Our phylogenetic results reveal several major features of avipoxvirus evolution and ecology and propose an updated avipoxvirus taxonomy, including three novel subclades. The characterization of poxviruses from 57 species of birds in this study extends the current knowledge of their host range and provides the first evidence of the phylogenetic effect of genetic recombination of avipoxviruses. The repeated occurrence of avian family or order-specific grouping within certain clades (e.g., starling poxvirus, falcon poxvirus, raptor poxvirus, etc.) indicates a marked role of host adaptation, while the sharing of poxvirus species within prey-predator systems emphasizes the capacity for crossspecies infection and limited host adaptation. Our study provides a broad and comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Avipoxvirus genus, an ecologically and environmentally important viral group, to formulate a genome sequencing strategy that will clarify avipoxvirus taxonomy.
C1 [Gyuranecz, Miklos; Kreizinger, Zsuzsa] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, Agr Res Ctr, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary.
[Foster, Jeffrey T.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Dan, Adam; Erdelyi, Karoly] Natl Food Chain Safety Off, Vet Diagnost Directorate, Budapest, Hungary.
[Ip, Hon S.; Egstad, Kristina F.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Parker, Patricia G.; Higashiguchi, Jenni M.] Univ Missouri, St Louis, MO 63121 USA.
[Parker, Patricia G.; Higashiguchi, Jenni M.] St Louis Zoo, St Louis, MO USA.
[Skinner, Michael A.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Fac Med, Virol Sect, London, England.
[Hoefle, Ursula] Natl Wildlife Res Inst, Inst Invest Recursos Cineget IREC CSIC UCLM JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain.
[Dorrestein, Gerry M.] Dutch Res Inst Birds & Exot Anim, Veldhoven, North Brabant, Netherlands.
[Solt, Szabolcs] Birdlife Hungary, Budapest, Hungary.
[Sos, Endre] Budapest Zoo, Budapest, Hungary.
[Kim, Young Jun] Univ Seoul, Seoul Natl Capital Area, Seoul, South Korea.
[Uhart, Marcela] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
[Pereda, Ariel] Inst Nacl Tecnol Agr, Inst Virol CICVyA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Gonzalez-Hein, Gisela; Hidalgo, Hector] Univ Chile, Santiago, Metropolitan Re, Chile.
[Blanco, Juan-Manuel] Aquila Fdn, Madrid, Spain.
RP Gyuranecz, M (reprint author), Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, Agr Res Ctr, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary.
EM m.gyuranecz@gmail.com
RI Hofle, Ursula/F-8585-2013; Erdelyi, Karoly/A-9600-2016; Dan,
Adam/G-6018-2012;
OI Hofle, Ursula/0000-0002-6868-079X; Dan, Adam/0000-0001-7849-7721;
Skinner, Michael/0000-0002-0050-4167; Foster,
Jeffrey/0000-0001-8235-8564
FU Lendulet program of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences [LP2012-22];
Bolyai Janos Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences;
U.S. Department of the Interior; Junta de Comunidades of Castilla-La
Mancha
FX M.G. and this project were supported in part by the Lendulet program
(grant number LP2012-22) of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. K.E. was
supported by the Bolyai Janos Research Scholarship of the Hungarian
Academy of Sciences. Work at the USGS National Wildlife Health Center
was funded by the U.S. Department of the Interior. Work in Spain was
funded in part by the Junta de Comunidades of Castilla-La Mancha.
NR 47
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U1 4
U2 37
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0022-538X
EI 1098-5514
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 9
BP 4938
EP 4951
DI 10.1128/JVI.03183-12
PG 14
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 123UK
UT WOS:000317416400015
PM 23408635
ER
PT J
AU Decker, J
Swain, E
Stith, B
Langtimm, C
AF Decker, Jeremy
Swain, Eric
Stith, Brad
Langtimm, Catherine
TI Assessing Factors Affecting the Thermal Properties of a Passive Thermal
Refuge Using Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Flow and Transport Modeling
SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrodynamic; Thermal inversion; Manatee refugia; Halocline; Numerical
modeling
AB Everglades restoration activities may cause changes to temperature and salinity stratification at the Port of the Islands (POI) marina, which could affect its suitability as a cold weather refuge for manatees. To better understand how the Picayune Strand Restoration Project (PSRP) may alter this important resource in Collier County in southwestern Florida, the USGS has developed a three-dimensional hydrodynamicmodel for the marina and canal system at POI. Empirical data suggest that manatees aggregate at the site during winter because of thermal inversions that provide warmer water near the bottom that appears to only occur in the presence of salinity stratification. To study these phenomena, the environmental fluid dynamics code simulator was used to represent temperature and salinity transport within POI. Boundary inputs were generated using a larger two-dimensional model constructed with the flow and transport in a linked overland-aquifer density-dependent system simulator. Model results for a representative winter period match observed trends in salinity and temperature fluctuations and produce temperature inversions similar to observed values. Modified boundary conditions, representing proposed PSRP alterations, were also tested to examine the possible effect on the salinity stratification and temperature inversion within POI. Results show that during some periods, salinity stratification is reduced resulting in a subsequent reduction in temperature inversion compared with the existing conditions simulation. This may have an effect on POI's suitability as a passive thermal refuge for manatees and other temperature-sensitive species. Additional testing was completed to determine the important physical relationships affecting POI's suitability as a refuge. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000165. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Decker, Jeremy; Swain, Eric] USGS, Florida Water Sci Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Stith, Brad; Langtimm, Catherine] USGS, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA.
RP Decker, J (reprint author), USGS, Florida Water Sci Ctr, 7500 SW 36th St, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
EM jdecker@usgs.gov
NR 13
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Z9 0
U1 2
U2 10
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-950X
J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE
JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 3
BP 209
EP 220
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000165
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 123WW
UT WOS:000317423400006
ER
PT J
AU Neighbors, CJ
Cochran, ES
Caras, Y
Noriega, GR
AF Neighbors, C. J.
Cochran, E. S.
Caras, Y.
Noriega, G. R.
TI Sensitivity Analysis of FEMA HAZUS Earthquake Model: Case Study from
King County, Washington
SO NATURAL HAZARDS REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Seismic hazard; Risk assessment; Loss estimation; HAZUS; Sensitivity
analysis; Earthquake; Modeling; Seismic effects
ID CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE; SOUTHERN PUGET-SOUND; SEATTLE FAULT; WESTERN
WASHINGTON
AB Hazards U. S. Multi-Hazard Maintenance Release 4 (HAZUS-MH MR4) is damage-and loss-estimation software developed by FEMA to estimate potential losses from natural disasters. Federal, state, regional, and local governments use the HAZUS earthquake model for earthquake risk mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery planning. This paper examines earthquake model input parameters for earthquake source, including epicenter location, hypocentral depth, magnitude, and fault-plane dimensions, orientation, and dip, as well as geologic site conditions, to show how modifying the user-supplied settings affect ground-motion analysis, seismic risk assessment, and earthquake loss estimates. HAZUS calculates ground motion and resulting ground failure to estimate direct physical damage for general building stock, essential facilities, and lifelines, including transportation systems and utility systems. Earthquake losses in HAZUS are expressed in building-damage, economic, and social terms; this paper focuses on monetary building damages, which are predicted by building type and occupancy classification (building use). This analysis centers on both shallow crustal and deep intraslab events that affect King County, Washington, in the Pacific Northwest; however, the methods and results of this paper may help to assess the accuracy of HAZUS estimates more generally for seismically active regions. The results show that the estimated economic building damage varies by a factor of 14, on average, when using more accurate user-supplied source and site parameters rather than default values. In extreme cases, the estimated economic building damage varies by a factor of more than 500. The results also show that HAZUS scenarios for King County are more sensitive to changes in source parameters than site conditions. The considerable variability in the estimated economic building damage can have a dramatic impact on both hazard-mitigation plans and initial postevent assessments used by emergency managers. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000089. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Neighbors, C. J.; Cochran, E. S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Cochran, E. S.] USGS, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
[Caras, Y.] King Cty GIS Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
[Noriega, G. R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Publ Hlth, Geol Hazards & Disasters Res Grp, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
RP Neighbors, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
EM corrie.neighbors@email.ucr.edu; ecochran@usgs.gov;
yuko.caras@kingcounty.gov; gnoriega@uci.edu
FU USGS National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program [USGS NEHRP
2010-0019]
FX The authors thank three reviewers who provided thoughtful and detailed
comments that improved the manuscript. This work greatly benefited from
discussions with Hope Seligson, Phillip McCormick, and Kevin Mickey. The
authors are also grateful to Washington State and King County personnel
for sharing the project and associated data, especially the staff at the
Microfilm Library of the Seattle Department of Planning and Development,
Gary Urbas at the Washington Emergency Management Division, and Isabelle
Y. Sarikhan at the Washington Department of Natural Resources. This work
was supported in part by the USGS National Earthquake Hazards Reduction
Program (USGS NEHRP 2010-0019).
NR 36
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 28
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1527-6988
J9 NAT HAZARDS REV
JI Nat. Hazards Rev.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 2
BP 134
EP 146
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000089
PG 13
WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Studies; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA 123YA
UT WOS:000317427200006
ER
PT J
AU Pohlman, JW
Riedel, M
Bauer, JE
Canuel, EA
Paull, CK
Lapham, L
Grabowski, KS
Coffin, RB
Spence, GD
AF Pohlman, John W.
Riedel, Michael
Bauer, James E.
Canuel, Elizabeth A.
Paull, Charles K.
Lapham, Laura
Grabowski, Kenneth S.
Coffin, Richard B.
Spence, George D.
TI Anaerobic methane oxidation in low-organic content methane seep
sediments
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; NORTHERN CASCADIA MARGIN; OREGON SUBDUCTION ZONE;
DEEP-SEA SEDIMENTS; SULFATE REDUCTION; HYDRATE RIDGE; VANCOUVER-ISLAND;
MARINE-SEDIMENTS; COLD SEEPS; GLACIMARINE SEDIMENTATION
AB Sulfate-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is the key sedimentary microbial process limiting methane emissions from marine sediments and methane seeps. In this study, we investigate how the presence of low-organic content sediment influences the capacity and efficiency of AOM at Bullseye vent, a gas hydrate-bearing cold seep offshore of Vancouver Island, Canada. The upper 8 m of sediment contains <0.4 wt.% total organic carbon (OC) and primarily consists of glacially-derived material that was deposited 14,900-15,900 yrs BP during the retreat of the late Quaternary Cordilleran Ice Sheet. We hypothesize this aged and exceptionally low-OC content sedimentary OM is biologically refractory, thereby limiting degradation of non-methane OM by sulfate reduction and maximizing methane consumption by sulfate-dependent AOM. A radiocarbon-based dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) isotope mass balance model demonstrates that respired DIC in sediment pore fluids is derived from a fossil carbon source that is devoid of C-14. A fossil origin for the DIC precludes remineralization of non-fossil OM present within the sulfate zone as a significant contributor to pore water DIC, suggesting that nearly all sulfate is available for anaerobic oxidation of fossil seep methane. Methane flux from the SMT to the sediment water interface in a diffusion-dominated flux region of Bullseye vent was, on average, 96% less than at an OM-rich seep in the Gulf of Mexico with a similar methane flux regime. Evidence for enhanced methane oxidation capacity within OM-poor sediments has implications for assessing how climate-sensitive reservoirs of sedimentary methane (e. g., gas hydrate) will respond to ocean warming, particularly along glacially-influenced mid and high latitude continental margins. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Pohlman, John W.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Riedel, Michael] Geol Survey Canada Pacific, Sidney, BC, Canada.
[Bauer, James E.] Ohio State Univ, Aquat Ecol Lab, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Canuel, Elizabeth A.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Paull, Charles K.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA.
[Lapham, Laura] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Grabowski, Kenneth S.; Coffin, Richard B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Riedel, Michael; Spence, George D.] Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC, Canada.
RP Pohlman, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jpohlman@usgs.gov; mriedel@nrcan.gc.ca; bauer.362@osu.edu;
ecanuel@vims.edu; paull@mbari.org; lapham@umces.edu;
ken.grabowski@nrl.navy.mil; rick.coffin@nrl.navy.mil; gspence@uvic.ca
RI Lapham, Laura/A-4035-2011;
OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X
FU US Geological Survey Gas Hydrates Project [DE-FE0002911, DE-NT0006147];
US Department of Energy's Methane Hydrates Research and Development
Program [DE-FE0002911, DE-NT0006147]
FX We express gratitude to the captain and the crew of the CCGV John P.
Tully and Bob MacDonald for shipboard and logistical support. Clark
Mitchell, Rebecca Plummer, David Knies and Brett Renfro provided
valuable analytical support. Partial support for this research was
provided by Interagency Agreements DE-FE0002911 and DE-NT0006147 between
the US Geological Survey Gas Hydrates Project and the US Department of
Energy's Methane Hydrates Research and Development Program. We thank
Bill Waite and Marcos Yoshinaga for constructive comments and insight
during the preparation of the manuscript and anonymous reviewers for
critical comments that improved the manuscript. Any use of trade names
is only for descriptive purposes and does not imply endorsement by the
US Government.
NR 100
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U1 6
U2 97
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
EI 1872-9533
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 108
BP 184
EP 201
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2013.01.022
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 121UD
UT WOS:000317269000011
ER
PT J
AU Scarpati, C
Perrotta, A
Lepore, S
Calvert, A
AF Scarpati, Claudio
Perrotta, Annamaria
Lepore, Simone
Calvert, Andrew
TI Eruptive history of Neapolitan volcanoes: constraints from Ar-40-Ar-39
dating
SO GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Neapolitan volcanism; Ar-40-Ar-39 age determinations; Campi Flegrei
evolution; Paleoflegrei
ID CAMPI-FLEGREI-CALDERA; YELLOW TUFF; CAMPANIAN IGNIMBRITE; NAPLES;
RESTLESS; EVOLUTION; PLAIN; CITY; BAY
AB The city of Naples can be considered part of the Campi Flegrei volcanic field, and deposits within the urban area record many autochthonous pre- to post-caldera eruptions. Age measurements were carried out using Ar-40-Ar-39 dating techniques on samples from small monogenetic vents and more widely distributed tephra layers. The Ar-40-Ar-39 ages on feldspar phenocrysts yielded ages of c. 16 ka and 22 ka for events older than the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff caldera-forming eruption (15 ka), and ages of c. 40 ka, 53 ka and 78 ka for events older than the Campanian Ignimbrite caldera-forming eruption (39 ka). The oldest age obtained is 18 ka older than previous dates for pyroclastic deposits cropping out along the northern rim of Campi Flegrei. The results of this study allow us to divide the Campi Flegrei volcanic history into four main, geochronologically distinct eruptive cycles. A new period, the Paleoflegrei, occurred before 74-78 ka and has been proposed to better discriminate the ancient volcanism in the volcanic field. The eruptive history of Campi Flegrei extends possibly further back than this, but the products of previous eruptions are difficult to date owing to the lack of fresh juvenile clasts. These new geochronological data, together with recently published ages related to young volcanic edifices located in the city of Naples (Nisida volcano, 3.9 ka) testify to persistent activity over a period of at least 80 ka, with an average eruption recurrence interval of similar to 555 years within and adjacent to this densely populated city.
C1 [Scarpati, Claudio; Perrotta, Annamaria; Lepore, Simone] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-80138 Naples, Italy.
[Calvert, Andrew] US Geol Survey, Lab Menlo Pk, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
RP Scarpati, C (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Largo San Marcellino 10, I-80138 Naples, Italy.
EM claudio.scarpati@unina.it
RI Scarpati, Claudio/D-5576-2011
OI Scarpati, Claudio/0000-0003-4483-1706
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U1 1
U2 14
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0016-7568
J9 GEOL MAG
JI Geol. Mag.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 150
IS 3
BP 412
EP 425
DI 10.1017/S0016756812000854
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 118ZT
UT WOS:000317066800003
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, JJ
Fausch, KD
Peterson, DP
Hooten, MB
AF Roberts, James J.
Fausch, Kurt D.
Peterson, Douglas P.
Hooten, Mevin B.
TI Fragmentation and thermal risks from climate change interact to affect
persistence of native trout in the Colorado River basin
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; cutthroat trout; fragmentation; multiple stressors;
native fish; stream temperature model; stream warming
ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; BONNEVILLE CUTTHROAT TROUT; POTENTIAL HABITAT
LOSS; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; BULL TROUT; WATER TEMPERATURE;
SALMO-TRUTTA; BROOK TROUT; STREAM TEMPERATURES; TEMPORAL VARIATION
AB Impending changes in climate will interact with other stressors to threaten aquatic ecosystems and their biota. Native Colorado River cutthroat trout (CRCT; Oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus) are now relegated to 309 isolated high-elevation (>1700m) headwater stream fragments in the Upper Colorado River Basin, owing to past nonnative trout invasions and habitat loss. Predicted changes in climate (i.e., temperature and precipitation) and resulting changes in stochastic physical disturbances (i.e., wildfire, debris flow, and channel drying and freezing) could further threaten the remaining CRCT populations. We developed an empirical model to predict stream temperatures at the fragment scale from downscaled climate projections along with geomorphic and landscape variables. We coupled these spatially explicit predictions of stream temperature with a Bayesian Network (BN) model that integrates stochastic risks from fragmentation to project persistence of CRCT populations across the upper Colorado River basin to 2040 and 2080. Overall, none of the populations are at risk from acute mortality resulting from high temperatures during the warmest summer period. In contrast, only 37% of populations have a 90% chance of persistence for 70years (similar to the typical benchmark for conservation), primarily owing to fragmentation. Populations in short stream fragments <7km long, and those at the lowest elevations, are at the highest risk of extirpation. Therefore, interactions of stochastic disturbances with fragmentation are projected to be greater threats than warming for CRCT populations. The reason for this paradox is that past nonnative trout invasions and habitat loss have restricted most CRCT populations to high-elevation stream fragments that are buffered from the potential consequences of warming, but at risk of extirpation from stochastic events. The greatest conservation need is for management to increase fragment lengths to forestall these risks.
C1 [Roberts, James J.; Fausch, Kurt D.; Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Roberts, James J.; Fausch, Kurt D.; Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Peterson, Douglas P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Roberts, JJ (reprint author), USGS Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM jroberts@usgs.gov
FU Wyoming Game and Fish Department; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Forest
Service
FX We thank B. Bledsoe, D. Isaak, J. Kershner, C. Luce, H. Neville, C.
Myrick, A. Todd, D. Theobald, Z. Underwood, and S. Wenger for fruitful
discussions on ideas and approaches. S. Hostetler and J. Alder provided
climate projection data and helped interpret it. We thank the entire
Colorado River Cutthroat Trout Conservation Team for developing,
maintaining and disseminating the range-wide CRCT database. P. Burnett,
C. Hirsch, D. Miller, and K. Rogers from that team deserve special
thanks for help, advice, and review of BN criteria. For providing stream
temperature data, we thank M. Avant, T. Annear, D. Brauch, A. Carlson,
M. Coleman, B. Compton, M. Dare, M. Fairchild, T. Fresques, M. Golden,
A. Harig, R. Henderson, K. Larkin-McKim, L. Martin, J. Neil, F. Rahel,
H. Sexauer, E. Vincent, J. White, S. White, and M. Young. We also thank
D. Isaak, J. Dunham, and three anonymous reviewers for constructive
comments that greatly improved the manuscript. Funding for this research
was provided by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (administered by D.
Zaft and D. Miller), U.S. Geological Survey (J. Kershner), and U.S.
Forest Service (D. Winters). The use of trade names or products does not
constitute endorsement by the U. S. Government.
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U1 11
U2 122
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 5
BP 1383
EP 1398
DI 10.1111/gcb.12136
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 121ZN
UT WOS:000317284700005
PM 23505098
ER
PT J
AU Osland, MJ
Enwright, N
Day, RH
Doyle, TW
AF Osland, Michael J.
Enwright, Nicholas
Day, Richard H.
Doyle, Thomas W.
TI Winter climate change and coastal wetland foundation species: salt
marshes vs. mangrove forests in the southeastern United States
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Avicennia germinans; coastal wetlands; ecological thresholds; extreme
events; foundation species; mangrove forest; range expansion; salt
marsh; vulnerability assessment; winter climate change
ID AVICENNIA-GERMINANS SEEDLINGS; SEA-LEVEL RISE; GULF-OF-MEXICO; BLACK
MANGROVE; LAGUNCULARIA-RACEMOSA; POSITIVE INTERACTIONS; LOUISIANA;
FLORIDA; TEMPERATE; DISPERSAL
AB We live in an era of unprecedented ecological change in which ecologists and natural resource managers are increasingly challenged to anticipate and prepare for the ecological effects of future global change. In this study, we investigated the potential effect of winter climate change upon salt marsh and mangrove forest foundation species in the southeastern United States. Our research addresses the following three questions: (1) What is the relationship between winter climate and the presence and abundance of mangrove forests relative to salt marshes; (2) How vulnerable are salt marshes to winter climate change-induced mangrove forest range expansion; and (3) What is the potential future distribution and relative abundance of mangrove forests under alternative winter climate change scenarios? We developed simple winter climate-based models to predict mangrove forest distribution and relative abundance using observed winter temperature data (19702000) and mangrove forest and salt marsh habitat data. Our results identify winter climate thresholds for salt marshmangrove forest interactions and highlight coastal areas in the southeastern United States (e.g., Texas, Louisiana, and parts of Florida) where relatively small changes in the intensity and frequency of extreme winter events could cause relatively dramatic landscape-scale ecosystem structural and functional change in the form of poleward mangrove forest migration and salt marsh displacement. The ecological implications of these marsh-to-mangrove forest conversions are poorly understood, but would likely include changes for associated fish and wildlife populations and for the supply of some ecosystem goods and services.
C1 [Osland, Michael J.; Day, Richard H.; Doyle, Thomas W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Enwright, Nicholas] Five Rivers Serv LLC, US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Osland, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM mosland@usgs.gov
RI Osland, Michael/D-1814-2014; Enwright, Nicholas/G-9657-2014
OI Osland, Michael/0000-0001-9902-8692; Enwright,
Nicholas/0000-0002-7887-3261
FU USGS Climate and Land Use Change Program
FX We thank Mary Ellison for her assistance and contributions during the
early stages of this research. We are grateful to Dave Blodgett, Adam
Terando, and the USGS Center for Integrated Data Analytics for their
help accessing climate data. Adam Terando, Lydia Stefanova, Carole
McIvor, and three anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments on an
earlier draft of this manuscript. For their support, we thank Greg
Wathen, John Tirpak, Gregg Elliot, and Laurie Rounds of the Gulf Coastal
Plains and Ozarks Landscape Conservation Cooperative. This research was
funded by the USGS Climate and Land Use Change Program. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 5
BP 1482
EP 1494
DI 10.1111/gcb.12126
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 121ZN
UT WOS:000317284700013
PM 23504931
ER
PT J
AU Cohn, TA
Kiang, JE
Mason, RR
AF Cohn, Timothy A.
Kiang, Julie E.
Mason, Robert R., Jr.
TI Estimating Discharge Measurement Uncertainty Using the Interpolated
Variance Estimator
SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Stream gauging; Streamflow; Uncertainty
AB Methods for quantifying the uncertainty in discharge measurements typically identify various sources of uncertainty and then estimate the uncertainty from each of these sources by applying the results of empirical or laboratory studies. If actual measurement conditions are not consistent with those encountered in the empirical or laboratory studies, these methods may give poor estimates of discharge uncertainty. This paper presents an alternative method for estimating discharge measurement uncertainty that uses statistical techniques and on-site observations. This interpolated variance estimator (IVE) estimates uncertainty based on the data collected during the streamflow measurement and therefore reflects the conditions encountered at the site. The IVE has the additional advantage of capturing all sources of random uncertainty in the velocity and depth measurements. It can be applied to velocity-area discharge measurements that use a velocity meter to measure point velocities at multiple vertical sections in a channel cross section. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000695. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Cohn, Timothy A.; Kiang, Julie E.; Mason, Robert R., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Kiang, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS415, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM jkiang@usgs.gov
NR 12
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 7
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9429
J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE
JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 5
BP 502
EP 510
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000695
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 123XH
UT WOS:000317424700005
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, MC
Hays, R
Rubin, SP
Chase, DM
Hallock, M
Cook-Tabor, C
Luzier, CW
Moser, ML
AF Hayes, Michael C.
Hays, Richard
Rubin, Stephen P.
Chase, Dorothy M.
Hallock, Molly
Cook-Tabor, Carrie
Luzier, Christina W.
Moser, Mary L.
TI Distribution of Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus in Watersheds of
Puget Sound Based on Smolt Monitoring Data
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ammocoete; trap; Lampetra; identification; dwarf-adult
ID LAMPETRA-TRIDENTATA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; LAKE LAMPREY; RIVER;
PETROMYZONTIDAE; HABITAT; LARVAL; OREGON; CANADA; WASHINGTON
AB Lamprey populations are in decline worldwide and the status of Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) is a topic of current interest. They and other lamprey species cycle nutrients and serve as prey in riverine ecosystems. To determine the current distribution of Pacific lamprey in major watersheds flowing into Puget Sound, Washington, we sampled lamprey captured during salmonid smolt monitoring that occurred from late winter to mid-summer. We found Pacific lamprey in 12 of 18 watersheds and they were most common in southern Puget Sound watersheds and in watersheds draining western Puget Sound (Hood Canal). Two additional species, western brook lamprey (Lampetra richardsoni) and river lamprey (L. ayresii) were more common in eastern Puget Sound watersheds. Few Pacific lamprey macrophthalmia were found, suggesting that the majority of juveniles migrated seaward during other time periods. In addition, "dwarf" adult Pacific lamprey (< 300 mm) were observed in several watersheds and may represent an alternate life history for some Puget Sound populations. Based on genetic data, the use of visual techniques to identify lamprey ammocoetes as Entosphenus or Lampetra was successful for 97% (34 of 35) of the samples we evaluated.
C1 [Hayes, Michael C.; Hays, Richard; Rubin, Stephen P.; Chase, Dorothy M.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Hallock, Molly] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Cook-Tabor, Carrie] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington Fish & Wildlife Off, Lacey, WA 98503 USA.
[Luzier, Christina W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Moser, Mary L.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Hayes, MC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM mhayes@usgs.gov
OI HAYES, MICHAEL/0000-0002-9060-0565
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX Field collections were made possible through the cooperation of numerous
groups, including the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Lummi
Nation, Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians, Tulalip Tribes, Nisqually
Tribes, Skokomish Tribal Nation, the Hood Canal Salmon Enhancement
Group, and Long- Live the Kings. Thanks to Stewart Reid who assisted in
species identification and Nancy Elder who reviewed an early draft
manuscript. The final version of the manuscript was substantially
improved by reviewers for Northwest Science. Funding for this project
was provided through the Science Support Program administered by the
U.S. Geological Survey in partnership with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service. Field and laboratory work conducted by R. Hays was completed
through a cooperative agreement with the Student Conservation
Association (Charlestown, NH). Reference to trade names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 23
PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC
PI SEATTLE
PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE,
WA 98115 USA
SN 0029-344X
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 2
BP 95
EP 105
DI 10.3955/046.087.0202
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 119RD
UT WOS:000317114200002
ER
PT J
AU Deters, JE
Chapman, DC
McElroy, B
AF Deters, Joseph E.
Chapman, Duane C.
McElroy, Brandon
TI Location and timing of Asian carp spawning in the Lower Missouri River
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Asian carp; Spawning; Egg drift; Bighead carp; Hypophthalmichthys
nobilis; Silver carp; Hypophthalmichthys molitrix; Grass carp;
Ctenopharyngodon idella; Modeling drift; Invasive species; Sinuosity
ID BIGHEAD CARP; YANGTZE-RIVER; GRASS CARP; TRANSPORT; EGGS
AB We sampled for eggs of Asian carps, (bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, silver carp H. molitrix, and grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella) in 12 sites on the Lower Missouri River and in six tributaries from the months of May through July 2005 and May through June 2006 to examine the spatial and temporal dynamics of spawning activity. We categorized eggs into thirty developmental stages, but usually they could not be identified to species. We estimated spawning times and locations based on developmental stage, temperature dependent rate of development and water velocity. Spawning rate was higher in the daytime between 05:00 and 21:00 h than at night. Spawning was not limited to a few sites, as has been reported for the Yangtze River, where these fishes are native, but more eggs were spawned in areas of high sinuosity. We employ a sediment transport model to estimate vertical egg concentration profiles and total egg fluxes during spawning periods on the Missouri River. We did not identify substantial spawning activity within tributaries or at tributary confluences examined in this study.
C1 [Deters, Joseph E.] US Geol Survey, Five Rivers LLC, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Chapman, Duane C.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[McElroy, Brandon] Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Deters, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Five Rivers LLC, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM jdeters@usgs.gov
RI McElroy, Brandon/E-9391-2010
OI McElroy, Brandon/0000-0002-9683-4282
NR 32
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 104
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 96
IS 5
BP 617
EP 629
DI 10.1007/s10641-012-0052-z
PG 13
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 114QQ
UT WOS:000316757500005
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, LG
Spycher, N
Birkholzer, J
Xu, TF
Apps, J
Kharaka, Y
AF Zheng, Liange
Spycher, Nicolas
Birkholzer, Jens
Xu, Tianfu
Apps, John
Kharaka, Yousif
TI On modeling the potential impacts of CO2 sequestration on shallow
groundwater: Transport of organics and co-injected H2S by supercritical
CO2 to shallow aquifers
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Groundwater; CO2; H2S; Organics; Benzene; Leakage
ID PARTITIONING TRACER TESTS; FRESH-WATER RESOURCES; GEOLOGICAL
SEQUESTRATION; SURFACE COMPLEXATION; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; THERMODYNAMIC
MODEL; SUBSURFACE BRINES; ROCK INTERACTIONS; CO2-H2O MIXTURES; MINERAL
TRAP
AB Proper site selection for CO2 geologic storage requires assessing the impact of potential leakage of CO2 from deep subsurface reservoirs to overlying drinking water aquifers. Although recent studies have largely focused on the mobilization of trace elements in response to the intrusion of CO2 into such aquifers, in this paper we investigate two other leakage issues and potential effects on groundwater quality: the transport of organic compounds by supercritical CO2 from deep storage reservoirs and the upward migration of CO2 with co-injected H2S. Numerical simulations show that organic compounds that may be present at depth, such as benzene, could be mobilized by supercritical CO2 and migrate with the leaking CO2. Modeling results also show that upon the transport of CO2 + H2S mixtures through a hypothetical leakage pathway, H2S arrival in the shallower aquifer is delayed in comparison with that of CO2 due to the preferential dissolution of H2S into the aqueous phase. The potentially adverse impacts of leakage on shallow groundwater quality may be exacerbated for cases of leaking CO2 + H2S, compared to intrusion of pure CO2, possibly leading to the mobilization of thiophilic elements such as arsenic. Geo-chemical reactions included in the simulations involve adsorption/desorption, reductive dissolution of goethite, precipitation of pyrite, siderite, and arsenic sulfide phases. The models presented are generic in nature, exploring important processes regarding organic compounds and co-injected H2S, and calling attention to the need for more site-specific studies taking into account the variability and uncertainty of key hydrogeologic and geochemical parameters. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Zheng, Liange; Spycher, Nicolas; Birkholzer, Jens; Xu, Tianfu; Apps, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kharaka, Yousif] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94205 USA.
RP Zheng, LG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM lzheng@lbl.gov
RI zheng, liange/B-9748-2011; Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011; Spycher,
Nicolas/E-6899-2010
OI zheng, liange/0000-0002-9376-2535; Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912;
NR 81
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 5
U2 71
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-5836
J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON
JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 14
BP 113
EP 127
DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.01.014
PG 15
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering,
Environmental
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 115TL
UT WOS:000316834700011
ER
PT J
AU Gellis, AC
AF Gellis, A. C.
TI Factors influencing storm-generated suspended-sediment concentrations
and loads in four basins of contrasting land use, humid-tropical Puerto
Rico
SO CATENA
LA English
DT Article
DE Suspended sediment; Hysteresis; Tropics; Land use; Storm events
ID DETERMINANT FACTORS; SOUTH-WALES; TRANSPORT; CATCHMENT; RIVER;
HYSTERESIS; DYNAMICS; DISCHARGE; PATTERNS; EROSION
AB The significant characteristics controlling the variability in storm-generated suspended-sediment loads and concentrations were analyzed for four basins of differing land use (forest, pasture, cropland, and urbanizing) in humid-tropical Puerto Rico. Statistical analysis involved stepwise regression on factor scores. The explanatory variables were attributes of flow, hydrograph peaks, and rainfall, categorized into 5 flow periods: (1) the current storm hydrograph, (2) the flow and rainfall since the previous storm event, (3) the previous storm event, (4) 2nd previous storm event, and (5) the 3rd previous storm event. The response variables (storm generated sediment loads and concentrations) were analyzed for three portions of the storm hydrograph: (1) the entire storm, (2) the rising limb, and (3) the recessional limb. Hysteresis differences in sediment concentration between the rising and falling limb were also analyzed using these explanatory variables.
Sediment availability in the study basins is related to land use and underlying geology. The supply of sediment and its location in the watershed have a strong influence on how current and previous storm events, and flow and rainfall between storm events, affect sediment loads and concentrations. In basins with limited sediment availability (forest and pasture), previous storm events supply sediment to the channel. This in-channel sediment becomes the source of sediment on the rising limb of the next event and clockwise hysteresis occurs. In the cropland basin with high sediment availability, sediment delivered to the channel during events becomes the source of sediment on the rising limb of the next event and clockwise hysteresis occurs. In the urbanizing basin with high sediment availability, counterclockwise hysteresis is prevalent as stormwater runoff dilutes suspended-sediment concentrations on the rising limb and upland sediment arrives on the hydrograph recession. In the urbanized basin, previous storm events flush sediment from the system. The statistical approaches presented here can be used to generate hypotheses on the location and delivery of watershed sediment sources which can improve the design of appropriate field studies. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 US Geol Survey, Maryland Water Sci Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
RP Gellis, AC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Maryland Water Sci Ctr, 5522 Res Pk Dr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
EM agellis@usgs.gov
NR 93
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 74
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0341-8162
J9 CATENA
JI Catena
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 104
BP 39
EP 57
DI 10.1016/j.catena.2012.10.018
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 098NS
UT WOS:000315556600005
ER
PT J
AU Smoak, JM
Breithaupt, JL
Smith, TJ
Sanders, CJ
AF Smoak, Joseph M.
Breithaupt, Joshua L.
Smith, Thomas J., III
Sanders, Christian J.
TI Sediment accretion and organic carbon burial relative to sea-level rise
and storm events in two mangrove forests in Everglades National Park
SO CATENA
LA English
DT Article
DE Mangrove forest; Sediments; Organic carbon; Sea level; Storms; Climate
change
ID WASHINGTON CONTINENTAL-SHELF; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WETLAND SOILS; PB-210;
ACCUMULATION; FLORIDA; ECOSYSTEMS; RATES; SUBMERGENCE; HURRICANES
AB The goal of this investigation was to examine how sediment accretion and organic carbon (OC) burial rates in mangrove forests respond to climate change. Specifically, will the accretion rates keep pace with sea-level rise, and what is the source and fate of OC in the system? Mass accumulation, accretion and OC burial rates were determined via Pb-210 dating (i.e. 100 year time scale) on sediment cores collected from two mangrove forest sites within Everglades National Park, Florida (USA). Enhanced mass accumulation, accretion and OC burial rates were found in an upper layer that corresponded to a well-documented storm surge deposit. Accretion rates were 5.9 and 6.5 mm yr(-1) within the storm deposit compared to overall rates of 2.5 and 3.6 mm yr(-1). These rates were found to be matching or exceeding average sea-level rise reported for Key West, Florida. Organic carbon burial rates were 260 and 393 g m(-2) yr(-1) within the storm deposit compared to 151 and 168 g m(-2) yr(-1) overall burial rates. The overall rates are similar to global estimates for OC burial in marine wetlands. With tropical storms being a frequent occurrence in this region the resulting storm surge deposits are an important mechanism for maintaining both overall accretion and OC burial rates. Enhanced OC burial rates within the storm deposit could be due to an increase in productivity created from higher concentrations of phosphorus within storm-delivered sediments and/or from the deposition of allochthonous OC. Climate change-amplified storms and sea-level rise could damage mangrove forests, exposing previously buried OC to oxidation and contribute to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. However, the processes described here provide a mechanism whereby oxidation of OC would be limited and the overall OC reservoir maintained within the mangrove forest sediments. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Smoak, Joseph M.; Breithaupt, Joshua L.] Univ S Florida, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Smith, Thomas J., III] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL USA.
[Sanders, Christian J.] Univ Fed Fluminense UFF, Dept Geoquim, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
RP Smoak, JM (reprint author), Univ S Florida, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM smoak@mail.usf.edu
RI Smoak, Donny/E-2140-2012; sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013;
OI Smoak, Joseph/0000-0002-4322-4042
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Army Corps of Engineers; U.S. Geological Survey,
Southeast Ecological Science Center; National Science Foundation
[DBI-0620409]
FX The authors thank Tom Harmon, Luciana Sanders, Gordon Anderson, Karen
Balentine, Ginger Tiling-Range and Paul Nelson for assistance with field
sampling and laboratory processing. We thank Renato Campello Cordeiro
for organic carbon analysis. The authors are grateful for the
constructive comments of two anonymous reviewers. T.J. Smith Ill was
funded by the U.S. Geological Survey and Army Corps of Engineers. J.M.
Smoak received funding from U.S. Geological Survey, Southeast Ecological
Science Center. Discussions with faculty and students involved in the
Florida Coastal Everglades Longterm Ecological Research program
(supported by the National Science Foundation under grant no.
DBI-0620409) are gratefully acknowledged. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 51
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 5
U2 135
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0341-8162
J9 CATENA
JI Catena
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 104
BP 58
EP 66
DI 10.1016/j.catena.2012.10.009
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 098NS
UT WOS:000315556600006
ER
PT J
AU Holmquist, JG
Waddle, TJ
AF Holmquist, Jeffrey G.
Waddle, Terry J.
TI Predicted macroinvertebrate response to water diversion from a montane
stream using two-dimensional hydrodynamic models and zero flow
approximation
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Macroinvertebrate; Two-dimensional hydrodynamic model; Montane stream
assemblage; Flow; Yosemite National Park; Sierra Nevada Mountains
ID INSTREAM FLOW; NEW-ZEALAND; MICROHABITAT PREFERENCES; BENTHIC
INVERTEBRATES; HABITAT SUITABILITY; PUERTO-RICO; RIVERS; MANAGEMENT;
DAMS; DISCHARGE
AB We used two-dimensional hydrodynamic models for the assessment of water diversion effects on benthic macroinvertebrates and associated habitat in a montane stream in Yosemite National Park, Sierra Nevada Mountains, CA, USA. We sampled the macroinvertebrate assemblage via Surber sampling, recorded detailed measurements of bed topography and flow, and coupled a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model with macroinvertebrate indicators to assess habitat across a range of low flows in 2010 and representative past years. We also made zero flow approximations to assess response of fauna to extreme conditions. The fauna of this montane reach had a higher percentage of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (%EPT) than might be expected given the relatively low faunal diversity of the study reach. The modeled responses of wetted area and area-weighted macroinvertebrate metrics to decreasing discharge indicated precipitous declines in metrics as flows approached zero. Changes in area-weighted metrics closely approximated patterns observed for wetted area, i.e., area-weighted invertebrate metrics contributed relatively little additional information above that yielded by wetted area alone. Loss of habitat area in this montane stream appears to be a greater threat than reductions in velocity and depth or changes in substrate, and the modeled patterns observed across years support this conclusion. Our models suggest that step function losses of wetted area may begin when discharge in the Merced falls to 0.02 m(3)/s; proportionally reducing diversions when this threshold is reached will likely reduce impacts in low flow years. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Holmquist, Jeffrey G.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, White Mt Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Waddle, Terry J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Holmquist, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, White Mt Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
EM jholmquist@ucla.edu; waddlet@usgs.gov
OI Holmquist, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3198-6338
FU US National Park Service; IA [F8813090088]; USGS; NPS [J8C07100012,
J8R07090011]; Californian Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit
FX The funding agency (US National Park Service) had no role in the study
design, analysis and interpretation of data, the decision to submit the
work for publication, or writing of the paper. We acquired baseline
hydrological data from the NPS as described in Section 2, and an NPS
technician assisted the team with low-level physical data collection
duties under the supervision of the second author. Two NPS staff members
offered a small number of minor comments on an earlier draft of the
manuscript. The NPS did not attempt to guide the study in any manner
whatsoever.; We thank Jim Roche, Yosemite National Park, for his fine
support throughout this project. Physical data collection was ably
assisted and facilitated by Chris Holmquist-Johnson and Leanne Hanson of
the USGS Fort Collins Science Center and Jennifer Erxleben of the NPS.
We had excellent ecological field and lab assistance from Jutta
Schmidt-Gengenbach (taxonomy; University of California San Diego, White
Mountain Research Station) and Marie French (sample sorting). The paper
was improved by discussion with Peggy Moore and Heather McKenny and by
draft manuscript review by Brandy Logan, Jim Roche, Mike Yochim, Bob
Zuelig, and two anonymous reviewers, as well as the editorial attention
of Felix Muller. This work was supported by IA #F8813090088 to the Fort
Collins Science Center, USGS and NPS #J8C07100012 to UCSD-WMRS and was
built upon recent work funded by NPS #J8R07090011. The WMRS portion of
this work was also supported by the Californian Cooperative Ecosystems
Studies Unit with the help of Angela Evenden.
NR 59
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 48
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 28
SI SI
BP 115
EP 124
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.03.005
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 095HK
UT WOS:000315325100013
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, CY
Lu, Z
Zhang, Q
AF Zhao, Chaoying
Lu, Zhong
Zhang, Qin
TI Time-series deformation monitoring over mining regions with SAR
intensity-based offset measurements
SO REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; SUBSIDENCE; SURFACE; INTERFEROGRAMS; EARTHQUAKE;
IMAGES
AB Underground mining can induce large vertical displacements that often lead to the loss of coherence in repeat-pass interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Using SAR intensity images, this paper employs the image offset tracking method to map SAR slant range changes due to ground deformation over areas of mining. The rationale of slant range offset measurement with respect to the vertical deformation is analysed and the prerequisite of applying the slant range offset method to monitor vertical deformation is discussed. Results from the slant range offset method are used to produce time-series of cumulative ground displacements via least square estimate. We use six Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS)-Phased Array L-band SAR (PALSAR) images over two coalfields in Inner Mogolia, China, to illustrate the proposed method and its effectiveness. We achieve deformation measurements with a precision of approximate to 0.2 m, with the maximum vertical displacement over the mining sites reaching approximate to 4.5 m. Finally, we use time-series results to outline common features identified in mining-induced deformation. Our results are supported by in situ investigations.
C1 [Zhao, Chaoying; Zhang, Qin] Changan Univ Xian, Coll Geol Engn & Geomat, Xian, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Chaoying; Zhang, Qin] Minist Educ, Key Lab Western Chinas Mineral Resources & Geol E, Xian, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Zhong] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA.
RP Lu, Z (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA.
EM lu@usgs.gov
RI chen, zhu/K-5923-2013
FU China Scholarship Council; Natural Science Foundation of China
[41072266, 41274005, 41274004]; Ministry of Land Resources, China
[1212011220186, 1212011220142]; USGS Volcano Hazards Program
FX The first author, Chaoying Zhao, would like to thank the China
Scholarship Council for the funding of 1-year postdoctoral research
carried out at Cascades Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS). ALOS-PALSAR data are copyrighted JAXA/METI. This research is
funded by Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos 41072266, 41274005
and 41274004), the Ministry of Land Resources, China (Nos1212011220186
and 1212011220142) and USGS Volcano Hazards Program. Special thanks go
to Yinlin Liu and Renyi Zhu for their field investigation.
NR 26
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 59
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 2150-704X
J9 REMOTE SENS LETT
JI Remote Sens. Lett.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 5
BP 436
EP 445
DI 10.1080/2150704X.2012.746482
PG 10
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 081UJ
UT WOS:000314347600003
ER
PT J
AU Borsi, I
Rossetto, R
Schifani, C
Hill, MC
AF Borsi, I.
Rossetto, R.
Schifani, C.
Hill, M. C.
TI Modeling unsaturated zone flow and runoff processes by integrating
MODFLOW-LGR and VSF, and creating the new CFL package
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Groundwater modeling; MODFLOW; Surface/subsurface flow; Vadose zone;
Overland flow
ID SURFACE
AB In this paper two modifications to the MODFLOW code are presented. One concerns an extension of Local Grid Refinement (LGR) to Variable Saturated Flow process (VSF) capability. This modification allows the user to solve the 3D Richards' equation only in selected parts of the model domain. The second modification introduces a new package, named CFL (Cascading Flow), which improves the computation of overland flow when ground surface saturation is simulated using either VSF or the Unsaturated Zone Flow (UZF) package. The modeling concepts are presented and demonstrated. Programmer documentation is included in appendices. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Borsi, I.] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Matemat U Dini, I-50134 Florence, Italy.
[Rossetto, R.] Scuola Super Sant Anna, Pisa, Italy.
[Schifani, C.] CNR, ISTI, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
[Hill, M. C.] US Geol Survay, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Borsi, I (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dipartimento Matemat U Dini, V le Morgagni 67-A, I-50134 Florence, Italy.
EM borsi@math.unifi.it
FU SID&GRID (Simulazione e sistemi idroinformatici per la gestione delle
risorse idriche); Regione Toscana (Italy)
FX This work was supported by the project SID&GRID (Simulazione e sistemi
idroinformatici per la gestione delle risorse idriche) funded by Regione
Toscana (Italy) under the POR-FSE-2007-2013 programme, with the
scientific supervision of M. Primicerio (Universita di Firenze), E.
Bonari (Scuola Superiore S. Anna) and P. Mogorovich (ISTI - CNR).
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD APR 30
PY 2013
VL 488
BP 33
EP 47
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.02.020
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 135XW
UT WOS:000318325000003
ER
PT J
AU Hossack, BR
Newell, RL
AF Hossack, Blake R.
Newell, Robert L.
TI New distribution record for the rare limpet Acroloxus coloradensis
(Henderson, 1930) (Gastropoda: Acroloxidae) from Montana
SO NAUTILUS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Hossack, Blake R.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
RP Hossack, BR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 790 East Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
EM blake_hossack@usgs.gov
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU BAILEY-MATTHEWS SHELL MUSEUM
PI SANIBEL
PA C/O DR JOSE H LEAL, ASSOCIATE/MANAGING EDITOR, 3075 SANIBEL-CAPTIVA RD,
SANIBEL, FL 33957 USA
SN 0028-1344
J9 NAUTILUS
JI Nautilus
PD APR 30
PY 2013
VL 127
IS 1
BP 40
EP 41
PG 2
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 134KZ
UT WOS:000318210400005
ER
PT J
AU Breves, JP
Serizier, SB
Goffin, V
McCormick, SD
Karlstrom, RO
AF Breves, Jason P.
Serizier, Sandy B.
Goffin, Vincent
McCormick, Stephen D.
Karlstrom, Rolf O.
TI Prolactin regulates transcription of the ion uptake Na+/Cl-
cotransporter (ncc) gene in zebrafish gill
SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Prolactin; Zebrafish; Gill; Na+/Cl- cotransporter; SLC12A10.2; Delta
1-9-G129R-hPRL
ID MITOCHONDRION-RICH CELLS; TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-MOSSAMBICUS;
SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; DANIO-RERIO; GROWTH-HORMONE; TISSUE
DISTRIBUTION; MOZAMBIQUE TILAPIA; CHLORIDE TRANSPORT; OVINE PROLACTIN;
RAINBOW-TROUT
AB Prolactin (PRL) is a well-known regulator of ion and water transport within osmoregulatory tissues across vertebrate species, yet how PRL acts on some of its target tissues remains poorly understood. Using zebrafish as a model, we show that ionocytes in the gill directly respond to systemic PRL to regulate mechanisms of ion uptake. Ion-poor conditions led to increases in the expression of PRL receptor (prlra), Na+/Cl- cotransporter (ncc; slc12a10.2), Na+/H+ exchanger (nhe3b; slc9a3.2), and epithelial Ca2+ channel (ecac; trpv6) transcripts within the gill. Intraperitoneal injection of ovine PRL (oPRL) increased ncc and prlra transcripts, but did not affect nhe3b or ecac. Consistent with direct PRL action in the gill, addition of oPRL to cultured gill filaments stimulated ncc in a concentration-dependent manner, an effect blocked by a pure human PRL receptor antagonist (Delta 1-9-G129R-hPRL). These results suggest that PRL signaling through PRL receptors in the gill regulates the expression of ncc, thereby linking this pituitary hormone with an effector of Cl- uptake in zebrafish for the first time. (c) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 [Breves, Jason P.; Serizier, Sandy B.; McCormick, Stephen D.; Karlstrom, Rolf O.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Ctr Neuroendocrine Studies, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Goffin, Vincent] Univ Paris 05, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Fac Med,Prolactin GH Pathophysiol Lab, INSERM,U845,Res Ctr Growth & Signaling, F-75015 Paris, France.
[McCormick, Stephen D.] USGS, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
RP Karlstrom, RO (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Ctr Neuroendocrine Studies, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM karlstrom@bio.umass.edu
RI GOFFIN, Vincent/G-3322-2013
FU National Institute of Mental Health [T32-MH020051-07]; National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [F32-DK095575];
Northeast Alliance for Graduate Education and the Professoriate
fellowship [NSF HRD 0450339, PREP S1111000000063]; NIH [NS039994]
FX This work was supported by training grants from the National Institute
of Mental Health (T32-MH020051-07) and the National Institute of
Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (F32-DK095575) to J.P.B., a
Northeast Alliance for Graduate Education and the Professoriate
fellowship (NSF HRD 0450339 and PREP S1111000000063) to S.B.S., and NIH
NS039994 (R.O.K.). We are grateful to Professor Geert de Vries for
encouragement during the course of this study. We also appreciate the
invaluable laboratory assistance provided by Ms. Meng-Chieh Shen, Ms.
Judy Bennett and Ms. Theresa Ortiz. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 58
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U1 1
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0303-7207
J9 MOL CELL ENDOCRINOL
JI Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.
PD APR 30
PY 2013
VL 369
IS 1-2
BP 98
EP 106
DI 10.1016/j.mce.2013.01.021
PG 9
WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 127LQ
UT WOS:000317700900010
PM 23395804
ER
PT J
AU Shelly, DR
Moran, SC
Thelen, WA
AF Shelly, David R.
Moran, Seth C.
Thelen, Weston A.
TI Evidence for fluid-triggered slip in the 2009 Mount Rainier, Washington
earthquake swarm
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE earthquake swarms; fluids; Mount Rainier; precise earthquake location
ID HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; CALIFORNIA; SEISMICITY; MODEL; FAULT; PERMEABILITY;
INJECTION
AB A vigorous swarm of over 1000 small, shallow earthquakes occurred 2022 September 2009 beneath Mount Rainier, Washington, including the largest number of events ever recorded in a single day at Rainier since seismic stations were installed on the edifice in 1989. Many events were only clearly recorded on one or two stations on the edifice, or they overlapped in time with other events, and thus only similar to 200 were locatable by manual phase picking. To partially overcome this limitation, we applied waveform-based event detection integrated with precise double-difference relative relocation. With this procedure, detection and location goals are accomplished in tandem, using cross-correlation with continuous seismic data and waveform templates constructed from cataloged events. As a result, we obtained precise locations for 726 events, an improvement of almost a factor of 4. These event locations define a similar to 850m long nearly vertical structure striking NNE, with episodic migration outward from the initial hypocenters. The activity front propagates in a manner consistent with a diffusional process. Double-couple-constrained focal mechanisms suggest dominantly near-vertical strike-slip motion on either NNW or ENE striking faults, more than 30 degrees different than the strike of the event locations. This suggests the possibility of en echelon faulting, perhaps with a component of fault opening in a fracture-mesh-type geometry. We hypothesize that the swarm was initiated by a sudden release of high-pressure fluid into preexisting fractures, with subsequent activity triggered by diffusing fluid pressure in combination with stress transfer from the preceding events.
C1 [Shelly, David R.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Moran, Seth C.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Thelen, Weston A.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii Np, HI USA.
RP Shelly, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dshelly@usgs.gov
NR 31
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 8
BP 1506
EP 1512
DI 10.1002/grl.50354
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148BR
UT WOS:000319217800010
ER
PT J
AU Spencer, RGM
Aiken, GR
Dornblaser, MM
Butler, KD
Holmes, RM
Fiske, G
Mann, PJ
Stubbins, A
AF Spencer, Robert G. M.
Aiken, George R.
Dornblaser, Mark M.
Butler, Kenna D.
Holmes, R. Max
Fiske, Greg
Mann, Paul J.
Stubbins, Aron
TI Chromophoric dissolved organic matter export from U.S. rivers
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE chromophoric dissolved organic matter; U; S; Rivers; loads
ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; OCEAN COLOR; CARBON; DYNAMICS; LAKES
AB Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) fluxes and yields from 15 major U.S. rivers draining an assortment of terrestrial biomes are presented. A robust relationship between CDOM and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) loads is established (e.g., a350 versus DOC; r(2)=0.96, p<0.001). Calculated CDOM yields are also correlated to watershed percent wetland (e.g. a350; r(2)=0.81, p<0.001) providing a method for the estimation of CDOM export from ungauged watersheds. A large variation in CDOM yields was found across the rivers. The two rivers in the north-eastern U.S. (Androscoggin and Penobscot), the Edisto draining into the South Atlantic Bight, and some rivers draining into the Gulf of Mexico (Atchafalaya and Mobile) exhibit the highest CDOM yields, linked to extensive wetlands in these watersheds. If the Edisto CDOM yield is representative of other rivers draining into the South Atlantic Bight, this would result in a CDOM load equivalent to that of the Mississippi from a region of approximately 10% of the Mississippi watershed, indicating the importance of certain regions with respect to the role of terrigenous CDOM in ocean color budgets.
C1 [Spencer, Robert G. M.; Holmes, R. Max; Fiske, Greg; Mann, Paul J.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA USA.
[Aiken, George R.; Dornblaser, Mark M.; Butler, Kenna D.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
[Stubbins, Aron] Skidaway Inst Oceanog, Savannah, GA USA.
RP Spencer, RGM (reprint author), Woods Hole Res Ctr, 149 Woods Hole Rd, Falmouth, MA USA.
EM rspencer@whrc.org
RI Mann, Paul/H-7268-2014; Aron, Stubbins/M-8801-2014
OI Mann, Paul/0000-0002-6221-3533; Aron, Stubbins/0000-0002-3994-1946
FU NSF Emerging Topics in Biogeochemical Cycles [0851101]; U.S. Geological
Survey National Stream Quality Accounting Network; National
Water-Quality Assessment Program; National Research Program
FX This study was supported by the NSF Emerging Topics in Biogeochemical
Cycles 0851101, the U.S. Geological Survey National Stream Quality
Accounting Network (http://water.usgs.gov/nasqan), the National
Water-Quality Assessment Program (http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/), and the
National Research Program (http://water.usgs.gov/nrp). The use of brand
names in this manuscript is for identification only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. We sincerely thank the
reviewers and editor Knorr for improving this manuscript.
NR 29
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 9
U2 82
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 8
BP 1575
EP 1579
DI 10.1002/grl.50357
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148BR
UT WOS:000319217800022
ER
PT J
AU Schmid, M
Wickler, F
Maloney, KO
Mitchell, R
Fenske, N
Mayr, A
AF Schmid, Matthias
Wickler, Florian
Maloney, Kelly O.
Mitchell, Richard
Fenske, Nora
Mayr, Andreas
TI Boosted Beta Regression
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ADDITIVE-MODELS; MACROINVERTEBRATES; PROPORTIONS; LANDSCAPE; GRADIENT;
LAKES; ASSEMBLAGES; INDICATORS; PREDICTION; DIVERSITY
AB Regression analysis with a bounded outcome is a common problem in applied statistics. Typical examples include regression models for percentage outcomes and the analysis of ratings that are measured on a bounded scale. In this paper, we consider beta regression, which is a generalization of logit models to situations where the response is continuous on the interval (0,1). Consequently, beta regression is a convenient tool for analyzing percentage responses. The classical approach to fit a beta regression model is to use maximum likelihood estimation with subsequent AIC-based variable selection. As an alternative to this established - yet unstable - approach, we propose a new estimation technique called boosted beta regression. With boosted beta regression estimation and variable selection can be carried out simultaneously in a highly efficient way. Additionally, both the mean and the variance of a percentage response can be modeled using flexible nonlinear covariate effects. As a consequence, the new method accounts for common problems such as overdispersion and non-binomial variance structures.
C1 [Schmid, Matthias; Mayr, Andreas] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dept Med Informat Biometry & Epidemiol, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
[Wickler, Florian; Fenske, Nora] Univ Munich, Dept Stat, Munich, Germany.
[Maloney, Kelly O.] USGS Leetown Sci Ctr, Wellsboro, PA USA.
[Mitchell, Richard] USEPA Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds, Washington, DC USA.
RP Schmid, M (reprint author), Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dept Med Informat Biometry & Epidemiol, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
EM matthias.schmid@imbe.med.uni-erlangen.de
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SCHM 2966/1-1]
FX The work of Matthias Schmid and Andreas Mayr was supported by Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (www.dfg.de), grant SCHM 2966/1-1. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 56
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 16
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 23
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR e61623
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0061623
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 131QH
UT WOS:000318008400070
PM 23626706
ER
PT J
AU Loughman, ZJ
Foltz, DA
Garrison, NL
Welsh, SA
AF Loughman, Zachary J.
Foltz, David A.
Garrison, Nicole L.
Welsh, Stuart A.
TI Cambarus (P.) theepiensis, a new species of crayfish
(Decapoda:Cambaridae) from the coalfields region of Eastern Kentucky and
Southwestern West Virginia, USA
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE new species of Cambarus; Decapoda; Appalachian Mountains
ID DECAPODA CAMBARIDAE; CONSERVATION
AB Cambarus (Puncticambarus) theepiensis is a stream-dwelling crayfish that appears to be endemic to the junction of the Cumberland Mountains with the Appalachian Plateau in West Virginia and Kentucky. Within this region, it is prevalent in the Guyandotte and Twelvepole basins of West Virginia, the Little Sandy River and Levisa Fork basins of Kentucky, and tributaries of the Big Sandy River shared by both states. The new species is morphologically most similar to Cambarus robustus and Cambarus sciotensis. It can be differentiated from C. robustus by its broad rostrum, with subparallel, thickened margins compared to the narrow, converging rostrum with reduced rostral margins of C. robustus.; larger areola width/length ratio (26 %) than C. robustus (22 %); and mottled color pattern compared to the monotypic color pattern of C. robustus. Cambarus theepiensis can be differentiated from C. sciotensis by the presence of a distinct lateral impression on the chelae compared to the absence of a lateral impression in C. sciotensis; constant thickness of the rostral margin compared to the gradation of rostral thickness in C. sciotensis; greater rostrum width/length ratio in C. theepiensis (63.1 %) compared to C. sciotensis (57.2 %); and a central projection on the gonopod that is the same length as the mesial process, compared to a central projection that extends past the tip of the mesial process in C. sciotensis.
C1 [Loughman, Zachary J.] West Liberty Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, West Liberty, WV 26074 USA.
[Foltz, David A.] Marshall Univ, Dept Integrated Sci & Technol, Huntington, WV 25755 USA.
[Garrison, Nicole L.] Auburn Univ, Coll Sci & Math, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Welsh, Stuart A.] US Geol Survey, Wesr Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Loughman, ZJ (reprint author), West Liberty Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, POB 295, West Liberty, WV 26074 USA.
EM zloughman@westliberty.edu; dfoltz@westliberty.edu;
ngarrison19@gmail.com; swelsh@mail.wvu.edu
FU West Liberty University Faculty Development grant program; West Virginia
Division of Natural Resources, Wildlife Resources Section, Wildlife
Diversity Program
FX We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers whose suggestions improved
the overall quality of the manuscript and to Evan Hewit, Mathew
McKinney, Kinsy Skalican, Nate Taylor, and Christopher Vopal who
assisted with collection of the West Virginia material. Special thanks
are extended to E. Joseph Nolan IV whose creation and management of the
West Liberty University Astacology database expedited the writing of
this manuscript, and to Natalie Games for completing Figure 1. We are
also grateful for loans from the Eastern Kentucky University Branley A.
Branson Museum of Zoology and the United States National Museum crayfish
collection. Financial support was provided by the West Liberty
University Faculty Development grant program and through a Cooperative
Research, Education, and Management Grant from the West Virginia
Division of Natural Resources, Wildlife Resources Section, Wildlife
Diversity Program.
NR 20
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 9
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD APR 22
PY 2013
VL 3641
IS 1
BP 63
EP 73
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 131CE
UT WOS:000317968300007
PM 26287068
ER
PT J
AU Nichols, JM
Judd, KP
Olson, CC
Waterman, JR
Nichols, JD
AF Nichols, Jonathan M.
Judd, Kyle P.
Olson, Colin C.
Waterman, James R.
Nichols, James D.
TI Estimating detection and identification probabilities in maritime target
acquisition
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PERFORMANCE
AB This work describes several approaches to the estimation of target detection and identification probabilities as a function of target range. A Bayesian approach to estimation is adopted, whereby the posterior probability distributions associated with these probabilities are analytically derived. The parameter posteriors are then used to develop credible intervals quantifying the degree of uncertainty in the parameter estimates. In our first approach we simply show how these credible intervals evolve as a function of range. A second approach, also following the Bayesian philosophy, attempts to directly estimate the parameterized performance curves. This second approach makes efficient use of the available data and yields a distribution of probability versus range curves. Finally, we demonstrate both approaches using experimental data collected from wide field-of-view imagers focused on maritime targets. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Nichols, Jonathan M.; Judd, Kyle P.; Waterman, James R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Olson, Colin C.] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
[Nichols, James D.] US Geol Survey, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX The authors acknowledge the Office of Naval Research for supporting this
work under the Remote Weapons Visual Awareness program. We also
acknowledge the Office of Naval Research "Program 38" for lending
valuable resources to this effort.
NR 13
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Z9 4
U1 2
U2 6
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD APR 20
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 12
BP 2531
EP 2545
DI 10.1364/AO.52.002531
PG 15
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 130NB
UT WOS:000317923700003
PM 23669659
ER
PT J
AU Frankel, A
AF Frankel, Arthur
TI Comment on "Why earthquake hazard maps often fail and what to do about
it" by S. Stein, R. Geller, and M. Liu
SO TECTONOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Earthquake hazards; Seismology; Faulting; Hazards mitigation; Earthquake
ground motions
ID MADRID SEISMIC ZONE; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; MOTION ATTENUATION
RELATIONS; ASSESSMENT PROGRAM GSHAP; UNITED-STATES; CALIFORNIA;
FRANKEL,ARTHUR; DEFORMATION; UNCERTAINTY; PACIFIC
C1 Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Frankel, A (reprint author), Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Box 351310, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM afrankel@usgs.gov
NR 59
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0040-1951
EI 1879-3266
J9 TECTONOPHYSICS
JI Tectonophysics
PD APR 19
PY 2013
VL 592
BP 200
EP 206
DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2012.11.032
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 133KD
UT WOS:000318136400018
ER
PT J
AU Houben, AJP
Bijl, PK
Pross, J
Bohaty, SM
Passchier, S
Stickley, CE
Rohl, U
Sugisaki, S
Tauxe, L
van de Flierdt, T
Olney, M
Sangiorgi, F
Sluijs, A
Escutia, C
Brinkhuis, H
Brinkhuis, H
Dotti, CE
Klaus, A
Fehr, A
Williams, T
Bendle, JA
Bijl, PK
Bohaty, SM
Carr, SA
Dunbar, RB
Flores, JA
Gonzalez, JJ
Hayden, TG
Iwai, M
Jimenez-Espejo, FJ
Katsuki, K
Kong, GS
Mckay, RM
Nakai, M
Olney, MP
Passchier, S
Pekar, SF
Pross, J
Riesselman, C
Rohl, U
Sakai, T
Salzmann, U
Shrivastava, PK
Stickley, CE
Sugisaki, S
Tauxe, L
Tuo, S
van de Flierdt, T
Welsh, K
Yamane, M
AF Houben, Alexander J. P.
Bijl, Peter K.
Pross, Joerg
Bohaty, Steven M.
Passchier, Sandra
Stickley, Catherine E.
Roehl, Ursula
Sugisaki, Saiko
Tauxe, Lisa
van de Flierdt, Tina
Olney, Matthew
Sangiorgi, Francesca
Sluijs, Appy
Escutia, Carlota
Brinkhuis, Henk
Brinkhuis, Henk
Dotti, Carlota Escutia
Klaus, Adam
Fehr, Annick
Williams, Trevor
Bendle, James A. P.
Bijl, Peter K.
Bohaty, Steven M.
Carr, Stephanie A.
Dunbar, Robert B.
Flores, Jose-Abel
Gonzalez, Jhon J.
Hayden, Travis G.
Iwai, Masao
Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J.
Katsuki, Kota
Kong, Gee Soo
McKay, Robert M.
Nakai, Mutsumi
Olney, Matthew P.
Passchier, Sandra
Pekar, Stephen F.
Pross, Jorg
Riesselman, Christina
Rohl, Ursula
Sakai, Toyosaburo
Salzmann, Ulrich
Shrivastava, Prakash K.
Stickley, Catherine E.
Sugisaki, Saiko
Tauxe, Lisa
Tuo, Shouting
van de Flierdt, Tina
Welsh, Kevin
Yamane, Masako
CA Expedition 318 Scientists
TI Reorganization of Southern Ocean Plankton Ecosystem at the Onset of
Antarctic Glaciation
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID EOCENE-OLIGOCENE TRANSITION; ICE-SHEET EXPANSION; SEA-ICE;
PALEOENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS; SEDIMENTOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; DINOFLAGELLATE
CYSTS; INDIAN-OCEAN; ICEHOUSE
AB The circum-Antarctic Southern Ocean is an important region for global marine food webs and carbon cycling because of sea-ice formation and its unique plankton ecosystem. However, the mechanisms underlying the installation of this distinct ecosystem and the geological timing of its development remain unknown. Here, we show, on the basis of fossil marine dinoflagellate cyst records, that a major restructuring of the Southern Ocean plankton ecosystem occurred abruptly and concomitant with the first major Antarctic glaciation in the earliest Oligocene (similar to 33.6 million years ago). This turnover marks a regime shift in zooplankton-phytoplankton interactions and community structure, which indicates the appearance of eutrophic and seasonally productive environments on the Antarctic margin. We conclude that earliest Oligocene cooling, ice-sheet expansion, and subsequent sea-ice formation were important drivers of biotic evolution in the Southern Ocean.
C1 [Houben, Alexander J. P.; Bijl, Peter K.; Sangiorgi, Francesca; Sluijs, Appy; Brinkhuis, Henk] Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, Dept Earth Sci, LPP, NL-3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Pross, Joerg] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Geosci, Paleoenvironm Dynam Grp, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Pross, Joerg] Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Bohaty, Steven M.] Univ Southampton, Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England.
[Passchier, Sandra] Montclair State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Studies, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
[Stickley, Catherine E.] Univ Tromso, Dept Geol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway.
[Roehl, Ursula] Univ Bremen, MARUM Ctr Marine Environm Sci, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Sugisaki, Saiko; Tauxe, Lisa] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[van de Flierdt, Tina] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Olney, Matthew] Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Escutia, Carlota] Inst Andaluz Ciencias Terra, Armilla 18100, Granada, Spain.
[Brinkhuis, Henk; Bijl, Peter K.] Univ Utrecht, Lab Palaeobot & Palynol, Fac Geosci, Dept Earth Sci, NL-3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Dotti, Carlota Escutia; Gonzalez, Jhon J.; Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J.] Univ Granada, CSIC, Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra, Granada 18002, Spain.
[Klaus, Adam] Texas A&M Univ, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, US Implementing Org, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[Fehr, Annick] Univ Aachen, Inst Appl Geophys & Geothermal Energy, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
[Williams, Trevor] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Borehole Res Grp, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Bendle, James A. P.] Univ Glasgow, Geog & Earth Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Bohaty, Steven M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England.
[Carr, Stephanie A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Dunbar, Robert B.; Riesselman, Christina] Stanford Univ, Dept Environm Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Flores, Jose-Abel] Univ Salamanca, Fac Ciencias, Dept Geol, Geosci Grp, Salamanca 37008, Spain.
[Hayden, Travis G.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
[Iwai, Masao] Kochi Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Kochi 7808520, Japan.
[Jimenez-Espejo, Francisco J.] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Inst Res Earth Evolut, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[Katsuki, Kota] Kochi Univ, Marine Ctr Adv Core Res, Kochi 7838502, Japan.
[Kong, Gee Soo] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Petrol & Marine Res Div, Daejeon 305350, South Korea.
[McKay, Robert M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Antarct Res Ctr, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
[Nakai, Mutsumi] Daito Bunka Univ, Educ Dept, Tokyo 1758571, Japan.
[Nakai, Mutsumi] Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Passchier, Sandra] Montclair State Univ, Earth & Environm Studies, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
[Pekar, Stephen F.] CUNY Queens Coll, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
[Pross, Jorg] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Geosci, Paleoenvironm Dynam Grp, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Riesselman, Christina] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Rohl, Ursula] Univ Bremen, Ctr Marine Environm Sci, MARUM, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Sakai, Toyosaburo] Utsunomiya Univ, Dept Geol, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 3218505, Japan.
[Salzmann, Ulrich] Northumbria Univ, Sch Built & Nat Environm, Earth & Environm, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Shrivastava, Prakash K.] NIT, NH5P, Geol Survey India, Antarct Div, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India.
[Stickley, Catherine E.] Univ Tromso, Dept Geol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway.
[Sugisaki, Saiko] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[Sugisaki, Saiko; Tauxe, Lisa] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Tuo, Shouting] Tongji Univ, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
[van de Flierdt, Tina] Imperial Coll London, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Welsh, Kevin] Univ Queensland, Sch Earth Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Yamane, Masako] Univ Tokyo, Earth & Planetary Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
RP Houben, AJP (reprint author), Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res TNO, Princetonlaan 6, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands.
EM Alexander.Houben@TNO.nl
RI Escutia, Carlota/B-8614-2015; McKay, Robert/N-2449-2015; Passchier,
Sandra/B-1993-2008; Rohl, Ursula/G-5986-2011; Sluijs, Appy/B-3726-2009;
OI Escutia, Carlota/0000-0002-4932-8619; McKay, Robert/0000-0002-5602-6985;
Passchier, Sandra/0000-0001-7204-7025; Rohl, Ursula/0000-0001-9469-7053;
Sluijs, Appy/0000-0003-2382-0215; Houben, Alexander/0000-0002-9497-1048
FU NSF [ANT-1245283, OCE 1058858, OCE 1054497]; Statoil; Netherlands
Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [86610110]; LPP Foundation;
German Research Foundation [PR 651/10, RO 1113/6]; Biodiversity and
Climate Research Center within the Hessian Initiative for Scientific and
Economic Excellence (LOEWE); Post-Expedition Activity award; Natural
Environmental Research Council (UK) [NE/H025162/1, NE/H020098/1,
NE/J019801/1]; European Commission [IRG 230828]; UK IODP [NE/I006257/1];
European Research Council [259627]; Spanish Ministry for Science and
Innovation [CTM2011-2079]
FX This research used samples from the ODP and the IODP. The ODP was
sponsored by the NSF and participating countries under management of
Joint Oceanographic Institutions (JOI) Incorporated. A.J.P.H. and H.B.
thank Statoil for funding. P.K.B., F.S., and H.B. thank the Netherlands
Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) (grant 86610110) and the LPP
Foundation for funding. J.P. and U.R. acknowledge support through the
German Research Foundation (grants PR 651/10 and RO 1113/6). J.P. thanks
the Biodiversity and Climate Research Center within the Hessian
Initiative for Scientific and Economic Excellence (LOEWE) for support.
S.P. acknowledges financial support from a Post-Expedition Activity
award administered by the U.S. Science Support Program and research
support from NSF award ANT-1245283. T.v.d.F. acknowledges the Natural
Environmental Research Council (UK) for a cruise participation grant
(NE/H025162/1) and the European Commission for a Marie Curie
Reintegration grant (IRG 230828). S.M.B. and T.v.d.F. further
acknowledge UK IODP funding (grant NE/I006257/1). S.M.B. acknowledges
the Natural Environmental Research Council (UK) for a cruise
participation grant (NE/H020098/1) and postcruise research support
(NE/J019801/1). L.T. acknowledges support from NSF grants OCE 1058858
and OCE 1054497. A.S. thanks the European Research Council for ERC
Starting Grant 259627. C.E. thanks the Spanish Ministry for Science and
Innovation (grant CTM2011-2079). The reported data are available in the
supplementary materials.
NR 34
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 5
U2 74
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD APR 19
PY 2013
VL 340
IS 6130
BP 341
EP 344
DI 10.1126/science.1223646
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 126XZ
UT WOS:000317657500052
PM 23599491
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, KM
Shelly, DR
Bradley, AM
AF Johnson, Kaj M.
Shelly, David R.
Bradley, Andrew M.
TI Simulations of tremor-related creep reveal a weak crustal root of the
San Andreas Fault
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID POSTSEISMIC DEFORMATION; FRICTION LAWS; PARKFIELD; CALIFORNIA;
EARTHQUAKE; STATE; SYSTEM; SLIP
AB Deep aseismic roots of faults play a critical role in transferring tectonic loads to shallower, brittle crustal faults that rupture in large earthquakes. Yet, until the recent discovery of deep tremor and creep, direct inference of the physical properties of lower-crustal fault roots has remained elusive. Observations of tremor near Parkfield, CA provide the first evidence for present-day localized slip on the deep extension of the San Andreas Fault and triggered transient creep events. We develop numerical simulations of fault slip to show that the spatiotemporal evolution of triggered tremor near Parkfield is consistent with triggered fault creep governed by laboratory-derived friction laws between depths of 20-35 km on the fault. Simulated creep and observed tremor northwest of Parkfield nearly ceased for 20-30 days in response to small coseismic stress changes of order 10(4) Pa from the 2003 M6.5 San Simeon Earthquake. Simulated afterslip and observed tremor following the 2004 M6.0 Parkfield earthquake show a coseismically induced pulse of rapid creep and tremor lasting for 1 day followed by a longer 30 day period of sustained accelerated rates due to propagation of shallow afterslip into the lower crust. These creep responses require very low effective normal stress of similar to 1 MPa on the deep San Andreas Fault and near-neutral-stability frictional properties expected for gabbroic lower-crustal rock.
C1 [Johnson, Kaj M.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Shelly, David R.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Bradley, Andrew M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Johnson, KM (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 1001 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM kajjohns@indiana.edu
FU NSF [0911467]
FX This work was partially funded through NSF grant EAR#0911467 awarded to
K. Johnson. We thank Nick Beeler and an anonymous reviewer for helpful
suggestions.
NR 33
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 7
DI 10.1002/grl.50216
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148BP
UT WOS:000319217600009
ER
PT J
AU Tesoriero, AJ
Duff, JH
Saad, DA
Spahr, NE
Wolock, DM
AF Tesoriero, Anthony J.
Duff, John H.
Saad, David A.
Spahr, Norman E.
Wolock, David M.
TI Vulnerability of Streams to Legacy Nitrate Sources
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; UNITED-STATES; GROUND-WATER; CENTRAL WISCONSIN;
RIPARIAN ZONES; COASTAL-PLAIN; FLOW PATHS; TRENDS; FATE; DENITRIFICATION
AB The influence of hydrogeologic setting on the susceptibility of streams to legacy nitrate was examined at seven study sites having a wide range of base flow index (BFI) values. BFI is the ratio of base flow to total streamflow volume. The portion of annual stream nitrate loads from base flow was strongly correlated with BFI. Furthermore, dissolved oxygen concentrations in streambed pore water were significantly higher in high BFI watersheds than in low BFI watersheds suggesting that geochemical conditions favor nitrate transport through the bed when BFI is high. Results from a groundwater surface water interaction study at a high BFI watershed indicate that decades old nitrate-laden water is discharging to this stream. These findings indicate that high nitrate levels in this stream may be sustained for decades to regardless of current practices. It is hypothesized that a first approximation of stream vulnerability to legacy nutrients may be made by geospatial analysis of watersheds with high nitrogen inputs and a strong connection to groundwater (e.g., high BFI).
C1 [Tesoriero, Anthony J.] US Geol Survey, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Duff, John H.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Saad, David A.] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53561 USA.
[Spahr, Norman E.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Wolock, David M.] US Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
RP Tesoriero, AJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM tesorier@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey's National
Water-Quality Assessment Program. The authors thank Nancy Baker, Judy
Denver, Jill Frankforter, Hank Johnson, Paul Juckem, Jason McVay, Mark
Munn, Tom Nolan, Rich Sheibley, Erik Staub, and Holly Weyers for
consultation, assistance with site logistics, and field work. Private
landowners are gratefully acknowledged for allowing us to access these
sites from their property. We very much appreciate the insightful
comments provided by the journal reviewers and the associate editor that
handled this manuscript.
NR 38
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 4
U2 66
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 8
BP 3623
EP 3629
DI 10.1021/es305026x
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 129BM
UT WOS:000317813400011
PM 23530900
ER
PT J
AU Zonneveld, KAF
Marret, F
Versteegh, GJM
Bogus, K
Bonnet, S
Bouimetarhan, I
Crouch, E
de Vernal, A
Elshanawany, R
Edwards, L
Esper, O
Forke, S
Grosfjeld, K
Henry, M
Holzwarth, U
Kielt, JF
Kim, SY
Ladouceur, S
Ledu, D
Chen, L
Limoges, A
Londeix, L
Lu, SH
Mahmoud, MS
Marino, G
Matsouka, K
Matthiessen, J
Mildenhal, DC
Mudie, P
Neil, HL
Pospelova, V
Qi, YZ
Radi, T
Richerol, T
Rochon, A
Sangiorgi, F
Solignac, S
Turon, JL
Verleye, T
Wang, Y
Wang, ZH
Young, M
AF Zonneveld, Karin A. F.
Marret, Fabienne
Versteegh, Gerard J. M.
Bogus, Kara
Bonnet, Sophie
Bouimetarhan, Ilham
Crouch, Erica
de Vernal, Anne
Elshanawany, Rehab
Edwards, Lucy
Esper, Oliver
Forke, Sven
Grosfjeld, Kari
Henry, Maryse
Holzwarth, Ulrike
Kielt, Jean-Francois
Kim, So-Young
Ladouceur, Stephanie
Ledu, David
Chen, Liang
Limoges, Audrey
Londeix, Laurent
Lu, S. -H.
Mahmoud, Magdy S.
Marino, Gianluca
Matsouka, Kazumi
Matthiessen, Jens
Mildenhal, D. C.
Mudie, Peta
Neil, H. L.
Pospelova, Vera
Qi, Yuzao
Radi, Taoufik
Richerol, Thomas
Rochon, Andre
Sangiorgi, Francesca
Solignac, Sandrine
Turon, Jean-Louis
Verleye, Thomas
Wang, Yan
Wang, Zhaohui
Young, Marty
TI Atlas of modern dinoflagellate cyst distribution based on 2405 data
points
SO REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dinoflagellate cysts; Ecology; Geographic distribution; Modern
environment
ID RECENT MARINE-SEDIMENTS; SEA-SURFACE CONDITIONS; ALEXANDRIUM-MINUTUM
DINOPHYCEAE; UPPER QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS; BENGUELA UPWELLING SYSTEM;
NORTHERN BALTIC SEA; GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; SP-NOV DINOPHYCEAE; SOUTH CHINA
SEA; RESTING CYSTS
AB Dinoflagellate cysts are useful for reconstructing upper water conditions. For adequate reconstructions detailed information is required about the relationship between modern day environmental conditions and the geographic distribution of cysts in sediments. This Atlas summarises the modem global distribution of 71 organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst species. The synthesis is based on the integration of literature sources together with data of 2405 globally distributed surface sediment samples that have been prepared with a comparable methodology and taxonomy. The distribution patterns of individual cyst species are being compared with environmental factors that are known to influence dinoflagellate growth, gamete production, encystment, excystment and preservation of their-organic-walled cysts: surface water temperature, salinity, nitrate, phosphate, chlorophyll-a concentrations and bottom water oxygen concentrations. Graphs are provided for every species depicting the relationship between seasonal and annual variations of these parameters and the relative abundance of the species. Results have been compared with previously published records; an overview of the ecological significance as well as information about the seasonal production of each individual species is presented.
The relationship between the cyst distribution and variation in the aforementioned environmental parameters was analysed by performing a canonical correspondence analysis. All tested variables showed a positive relationship on the 99% confidence level. Sea-surface temperature represents the parameter corresponding to the largest amount of variance within the dataset (40%) followed by nitrate, salinity, phosphate and bottom-water oxygen concentration, which correspond to 34%, 33%, 25% and 24% of the variance, respectively. Characterisations of selected environments as well as a discussion about how these factors could have influenced the final cyst yield in sediments are included. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zonneveld, Karin A. F.; Bogus, Kara; Bouimetarhan, Ilham; Elshanawany, Rehab; Forke, Sven; Holzwarth, Ulrike; Chen, Liang] Univ Bremen, Fachbereich Geowissensch 5, D-28334 Bremen, Germany.
[Marret, Fabienne] Univ Liverpool, Sch Environm Sci, Liverpool L69 7ZT, Merseyside, England.
[Zonneveld, Karin A. F.; Versteegh, Gerard J. M.; Bogus, Kara; Bouimetarhan, Ilham; Esper, Oliver; Holzwarth, Ulrike] Univ Bremen, MARUM, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Bonnet, Sophie; de Vernal, Anne; Henry, Maryse; Kielt, Jean-Francois; Ladouceur, Stephanie; Ledu, David; Limoges, Audrey; Lu, S. -H.; Radi, Taoufik] Univ Quebec, Geotop, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
[Crouch, Erica; Mildenhal, D. C.] GNS Sci, Paleontol & Environm Change Sect, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
[Edwards, Lucy] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Esper, Oliver; Matthiessen, Jens] AWI Bremerhaven, D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Grosfjeld, Kari] Geol Survey Norway, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
[Kim, So-Young] Korea Polar Res Inst, Div Polar Climate Res, Inchon 406840, South Korea.
[Londeix, Laurent; Turon, Jean-Louis] Univ Bordeaux 1, UMR CNRS EPOC 5805, F-33405 Talence, France.
[Mahmoud, Magdy S.] Assiut Univ, Dept Geol, Fac Sci, Assiut 71516, Egypt.
[Marino, Gianluca; Sangiorgi, Francesca] Univ Utrecht, Dept Earth Sci, Fac Geol, Lab Palaeobot & Palynol, NL-3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Matsouka, Kazumi] Nagasaki Univ, Inst East China Res, Nagasaki 8528521, Japan.
[Neil, H. L.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res Ltd NIWA, Wellington 6021, New Zealand.
[Pospelova, Vera] Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
[Richerol, Thomas; Rochon, Andre] UQAR ISMER, Rimouski, PQ G5L 3A1, Canada.
[Verleye, Thomas] Univ Ghent, Res Unit Palaeontol, Dept Geol & Soil Sci, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Young, Marty] CSIRO Earth Sci & Resource Engn, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia.
[Solignac, Sandrine] Univ Aarhus, Dept Earth Sci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
[Marino, Gianluca] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Ciencia & Tecnol Ambientals, Bellaterra 08193, Spain.
[Qi, Yuzao; Wang, Yan; Wang, Zhaohui] Jinan Univ, Inst Hydrobiol, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Elshanawany, Rehab] Univ Alexandria, Fac Sci, Moharam Bey 21511, Egypt.
[Mudie, Peta] Geol Survey Canada, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
RP Zonneveld, KAF (reprint author), Univ Bremen, Fachbereich Geowissensch 5, Postfach 330440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany.
EM zonnev@uni-bremen.de; F.Marret@liverpool.ac.uk; versteegh@uni-bremen.de;
ka_bo@uni-bremen.de; devernal.anne@uqam.ca; bouimetarhan@uni-bremen.de;
E.Crouch@gns.cri.nz; devernal.anne@uqam.ca; rehab_shanawany@yahoo.com;
leedward@usgs.gov; Oliver.Esper@awi.de; sven.forke@zmt-bremen.de;
Kari.Grosfjeld@NGU.no; devernal.anne@uqam.ca; holzwarth@uni-bremen.de;
devernal.anne@uqam.ca; kimsy@kordi.re.kr; devernal.anne@uqam.ca;
devernal.anne@uqam.ca; lichen@uni-bremen.de; devernal.anne@uqam.ca;
l.londeix@epoc.u-bordeaux1.fr; devernal.anne@uqam.ca; magdysm@yahoo.com;
Gianluca.Marino@uab.cat; kazu-mtk@nagasaki-u.ac.jp;
jmatthiessen@awi-bremerhaven.de; E.Crouch@gns.cri.nz;
Peta.Mudie@NRCan-RNCan.gc.ca; E.Crouch@gns.cri.nz; vpospe@uvic.ca;
tywd@jnu.edu.cn; radi.taoufik@uqam.ca; andre_rochon@uqar.qc.ca;
andre_rochon@uqar.qc.ca; f.sangiorgi@uu.nl; devernal.anne@uqam.ca;
jl.turon@epoc.u-bordeaux1.fr; Thomas.Verleye@ugent.be; tywd@jnu.edu.cn;
tywd@jnu.edu.cn; Martin.Young@csiro.au
RI de Vernal, Anne/D-5602-2013; Versteegh, Gerardus/H-2119-2011;
OI de Vernal, Anne/0000-0001-5656-724X; Versteegh,
Gerardus/0000-0002-9320-3776; Bogus, Kara/0000-0003-4690-0576; Marino,
Gianluca/0000-0001-9795-5337; Matthiessen, Jens/0000-0002-6952-2494
FU German Science Foundation (DFG) [SPP 1158]; NWO (Dutch science
foundation)
FX We thank the German Science Foundation (DFG) for providing the financial
support for the Centre of Excellence MARUM, the international graduate
college EUROPROX and the SPP 1158 project "PROPAC' in which frame a
major part of the scientific activities leading to this Atlas have been
carried out. We furthermore thank the DFG for the financial support of
the Heisenberg stipendium "Biogeomolecules" of G. Versteegh.; Simon
Troelstra (Vrije Universiteit amsterdam) is thanked for providing
samples of the western Mediterranean Sea that have been collected with
the financial support of NWO (Dutch science foundation).
NR 197
TC 79
Z9 79
U1 10
U2 40
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0034-6667
EI 1879-0615
J9 REV PALAEOBOT PALYNO
JI Rev. Palaeobot. Palynology
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 191
SI SI
BP 1
EP 197
DI 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2012.08.003
PG 197
WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology
SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology
GA 172BV
UT WOS:000320975800001
ER
PT J
AU Hoeke, RK
Storlazzi, CD
Ridd, PV
AF Hoeke, Ron K.
Storlazzi, Curt D.
Ridd, Peter V.
TI Drivers of circulation in a fringing coral reef embayment: A wave-flow
coupled numerical modeling study of Hanalei Bay, Hawaii
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Coral reefs; Coastal circulation; Storms; Waves; Sediment transport;
Hawaii Pacific
ID SET-UP; COASTAL REGIONS; RESIDENCE TIME; LAGOON; WATER; SEDIMENT; KAUAI;
ISLANDS; ATOLL; STEEP
AB A coupled wave-circulation numerical model of Hanalei Bay, Hawaii, was constructed to investigate controls on nearshore hydrodynamics and overall circulation of a bathymetrically-complex coral reef embayment that is exposed to large waves and river floods several times per annum. The model was calibrated using in situ data representative of the two conditions that dominate the region's wave climate: one associated with local trade winds and associated trade-wind waves, and the other with distant-source episodic large swells. The model results were improved by including spatially-varying hydrodynamic bed roughness and making the semi-empirical wave-breaking parameter dependent on incident wave steepness and reef slope. During trade-wind conditions, circulation was primarily wind-driven and volume flux-based flushing times of the bay were on the order of 35 h. Under the episodic swell conditions, circulation were dominated by wave-driven flows and flushing times decreased to as little as 2 h. The vigorous hydrodynamics that occur during the upper 10% most energetic swell conditions indicate that only a few (0-10) events each year are likely capable of exporting significant volumes of sediment from the bay. Like many fringing reef areas backed by steep-sided watersheds on tropical and sub-tropical high islands worldwide, Hanalei Bay receives high episodic fluvial sediment load during a similarly low number of flood events. These similarly episodic but decoupled processes of sediment delivery and removal identified here suggest that the water quality and sedimentary environment of Hanalei Bay and similar linked watershed-reef systems are sensitive to changes in annual storm frequency and intensity. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hoeke, Ron K.] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Hoeke, Ron K.] NOAA Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Hoeke, Ron K.; Ridd, Peter V.] James Cook Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Storlazzi, Curt D.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
RP Hoeke, RK (reprint author), CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, 107-121 Stn St, Aspendale, Vic 3196, Australia.
EM Ron.hoeke@csiro.au
RI Hoeke, Ron/F-4085-2014; Ridd, Peter/M-5871-2014; TropWATER, Research
ID/P-1401-2014;
OI Hoeke, Ron/0000-0003-0576-9436; Storlazzi, Curt/0000-0001-8057-4490
FU US Geological Survey's Coral Reef Project; NOAA's Coral Reef
Conservation Program; Australia Institute of Marine Science AIMS@JCU
program
FX This work was jointly supported by the US Geological Survey's Coral Reef
Project, NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program, and the Australia
Institute of Marine Science AIMS@JCU program.
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U2 23
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
EI 1873-6955
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 58
BP 79
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2013.03.007
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 161RK
UT WOS:000320210800007
ER
PT J
AU Wu, CQ
Shelly, DR
Gomberg, J
Peng, ZG
Johnson, P
AF Wu, Chunquan
Shelly, David R.
Gomberg, Joan
Peng, Zhigang
Johnson, Paul
TI Long-term changes of earthquake inter-event times and low-frequency
earthquake recurrence in central California
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE nonvolcanic tremor; low-frequency earthquake; Parkfield earthquake;
long-term changes; episodic tremor and slip; central California
ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; 2004 PARKFIELD EARTHQUAKE; NON-VOLCANIC TREMOR;
NONVOLCANIC TREMOR; HAZARD ASSESSMENT; SIMEON; DEFORMATION; AFTERSHOCKS;
LAW; BENEATH
AB The temporal evolution of earthquake inter-event time (IET) may provide important clues for the timing of future events and underlying physical mechanisms of earthquake interaction. In this study, we examine similar to 12 yr of local earthquake and low-frequency earthquake (LFE) activity near Parkfield, CA from catalogs of similar to 50,000 earthquakes and similar to 730,000 LFEs. We focus on the long-term evolution of IETs after the 2003 Mw6.5 San Simeon and 2004 Mw6.0 Parkfield earthquakes. The IETs of local earthquakes along and to the southwest of the San Andreas fault show clear decreases of several orders of magnitude after the Parkfield and San Simeon earthquakes, followed by recoveries with time scales of similar to 3 yr and > 8 yr, respectively. We also observe decreases in recurrence times in some of LFE families, followed by long-term recoveries with time scales of similar to 4 months to several years. The long-term recovery of the earthquake IET is a manifestation of the aftershock decay of the Parkfield and San Simeon earthquakes, and the different recovery time scales likely reflect the different tectonic loading rates in the two regions. The drop in the recurrence times of LFEs after the Parkfield earthquake is likely caused by static and dynamic stresses induced by the Parkfield earthquake, and the long-term recovery in LFE recurrence time could be due to post-seismic relaxation or gradual recovery of fault zone material properties. The recovery time scales for general earthquake IET and LFE recurrence following the Parkfield earthquake are similar to those estimated for repeating earthquake recurrence identified in previous studies, indicating that they could be controlled by similar mechanisms. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wu, Chunquan; Johnson, Paul] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Shelly, David R.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Gomberg, Joan] US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Peng, Zhigang] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Wu, CQ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM chunquanwu@gmail.com
OI Johnson, Paul/0000-0002-0927-4003
FU Los Alamos National Lab; USGS; National Science Foundation [EAR-0956051]
FX This research was supported by Institutional Support at Los Alamos
National Lab (CW and PJ), the USGS (DS and JG), and the National Science
Foundation EAR-0956051 (ZP). We thank Jeanne Hardebeck, Justin Sweet,
and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive review comments. We
thank Robert Guyer, Eric Daub, Jan Carmeliet, Behrooz Fedowsi, Eli
Ben-Naim, and Michele Griffa for discussions.
NR 45
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U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 368
BP 144
EP 150
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.03.007
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 160AH
UT WOS:000320087900015
ER
PT J
AU Lehto, HL
Roman, DC
Moran, SC
AF Lehto, Heather L.
Roman, Diana C.
Moran, Seth C.
TI Source mechanisms of persistent shallow earthquakes during eruptive and
non-eruptive periods between 1981 and 2011 at Mount St. Helens,
Washington
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Stress analysis; Volcano-tectonic earthquakes; Mount St. Helens; Fault
plane solutions; Eruption forecasting; Cascades
ID STRESS TENSOR COMPUTATIONS; SOUFRIERE HILLS VOLCANO; FAULT-PLANE
SOLUTIONS; MAGMATIC SYSTEM; SEISMICITY; MONTSERRAT; ALASKA; CRATER; USA
AB Shallow seismicity between 0 and 3-km depth has persisted at Mount St. Helens, Washington (MSH) during both eruptive and non-eruptive periods for at least the past thirty years. In this study we investigate the source mechanisms of shallow volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes at MSH by calculating high-quality hypocenter locations and fault plane solutions (FPS) for all VT events recorded during two eruptive periods (1981-1986 and 2004-2008) and two non-eruptive periods (1987-2004 and 2008-2011). FPS show a mixture of normal, reverse, and strike-slip faulting during all periods, with a sharp increase in strike-slip faulting observed in 1987-1997 and an increase in normal faulting in 1998-2004. FPS P-axis orientations show a similar to 90 degrees rotation with respect to regional sigma(1) (N23 degrees E) during 1981-1986 and 2004-2008, bimodal orientations (similar to N-S and similar to E-W) during 1987-2004, and bimodal orientations at similar to N-E and similar to S-W from 2008-2011. We interpret these orientations to likely be due to pressurization accompanying the shallow intrusion and subsequent eruption of magma as domes during 1981-1986 and 2004-2008 and the buildup of pore pressure beneath a seismogenic volume (located at 0-1 km) with a smaller component due to the buildup of tectonic forces during 1987-2004 and 2008-2011. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lehto, Heather L.] Angelo State Univ, ASU Stn 10904, San Angelo, TX 76909 USA.
[Roman, Diana C.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
[Moran, Seth C.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Lehto, HL (reprint author), Angelo State Univ, ASU Stn 10904, San Angelo, TX 76909 USA.
EM heather.lehto@angelo.edu
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U1 0
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 256
BP 1
EP 15
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.02.005
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 133IZ
UT WOS:000318133400001
ER
PT J
AU Ji, LY
Lu, Z
Dzurisin, D
Senyukov, S
AF Ji, Lingyun
Lu, Zhong
Dzurisin, Daniel
Senyukov, Sergey
TI Pre-eruption deformation caused by dike intrusion beneath Kizimen
volcano, Kamchatka, Russia, observed by InSAR
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Interferometric synthetic aperture radar; InSAR; Radar; Geodesy;
Kizimen; Diking
ID SATELLITE RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; DYKE INTRUSION; RIFT; ETNA;
ACCOMMODATION; INFLATION; DEFLATION; ERUPTION; ISLANDS; SURFACE
AB Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) images reveal a pre-eruption deformation signal at Kizimen volcano, Kamchatka, Russia, where an ongoing eruption began in mid-November, 2010. The previous eruption of this basaltic andesite-to-dacite stratovolcano occurred in 1927-1928. InSAR images from both ascending and descending orbital passes of Envisat and ALOS PALSAR satellites show as much as 6 cm of line-of-sight shortening from September 2008 to September 2010 in a broad area centered at Kizimen. About 20 cm of opening of a nearly vertical dike provides an adequate fit to the surface deformation pattern. The model dike is approximately 14 km long, 10 km high, centered 13 km beneath Kizimen, and strikes NE-SW. Time-series analysis of multi-temporal interferograms indicates that (1) intrusion started sometime between late 2008 and July 2009, (2) continued at a nearly constant rate, and (3) resulted in a volume expansion of 3.2 x 10(7) m(3) by September 2010, i.e., about two months before the onset of the 2010 eruption. Earthquakes located above the tip of the dike accompanied the intrusion. Eventually, magma pressure in the dike exceeded the confining strength of the host rock, triggering the 2010 eruption. Our results provide insight into the intrusion process that preceded an explosive eruption at a Pacific Rim stratovolcano following nearly a century of quiescence, and therefore have implications for monitoring and hazards assessment at similar volcanoes elsewhere. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Ji, Lingyun] China Earthquake Adm, Crust Monitoring & Applicat Ctr 2, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Zhong; Dzurisin, Daniel] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Senyukov, Sergey] Russia Acad Sci, Kamchatkan Branch Geophys Survey, Petropavlovsk Kamchatski, Russia.
RP Lu, Z (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA.
EM lu@usgs.gov
FU China Scholarship Council at the Cascades Volcano Observatory, U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS); USGS; USGS Volcano Science Center; NASA
[11-DESSDT11-0021]; Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi, China
[2011021024-1]
FX The first author would like to thank the China Scholarship Council for
funding a one-year InSAR study at the Cascades Volcano Observatory, U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS). This research was supported by the USGS
Volcano Hazards Program, USGS Volcano Science Center, NASA grant
11-DESSDT11-0021, and Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi, China (No.
2011021024-1). ENVISAT SAR data are copyrighted by ESA and were provided
by ESA under CAT1-2765. ALOS SAR data are copyrighted by JAXA/METI and
were provided by the Alaska Satellite Facility (ASF) and JAXA.
NR 39
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 256
BP 87
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.02.011
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 133IZ
UT WOS:000318133400007
ER
PT J
AU Struckhoff, MA
Stroh, ED
Grabner, KW
AF Struckhoff, Matthew A.
Stroh, Esther D.
Grabner, Keith W.
TI Effects of mining-associated lead and zinc soil contamination on native
floristic quality
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Lead; Zinc; Floristic quality; Mining; Soil contamination; Plant
communities
ID VASCULAR PLANTS; TOXICITY; METALS; ZN; CD; PB; CU
AB We assessed the quality of plant communities across a range of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) soil concentrations at a variety of sites associated with Pb mining in southeast Missouri, USA. In a novel application, two standard floristic quality measures, Mean Coefficient of Conservatism (Mean C) and Floristic Quality Index (FQI), were examined in relation to concentrations of Pb and Zn, soil nutrients, and other soil characteristics. Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling and Regression Tree Analyses identified soil Pb and Zn concentrations as primary explanatory variables for plant community composition and indicated negative relationships between soil metals concentrations and both Mean C and FQI. Univariate regression also demonstrated significant negative relationships between metals concentrations and floristic quality. The negative effects of metals in native soils with otherwise relatively undisturbed conditions indicate that elevated soil metals concentrations adversely affect native floristic quality where no other human disturbance is evident. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Struckhoff, Matthew A.; Stroh, Esther D.; Grabner, Keith W.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Struckhoff, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 East New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM mstruckhoff@usgs.gov; estroh@usgs.gov; kgrabner@usgs.gov
FU Missouri Department of Natural Resources; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration (NRDAR)
Program; NRDAR program; Missouri Trustees
FX This project was funded by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources
and The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service acting as the Missouri Trustees
as part of the Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration
(NRDAR) Program. The sponsors identified some of the sampling sites,
facilitated site access, and performed analysis of soils for metals
concentrations. The authors are solely responsible for the analysis of
data, interpretation of the results, and writing of the manuscript. The
decision to publish this manuscript rests solely with the authors.; The
authors thank the NRDAR program and the Missouri Trustees for funding
this research and facilitating sampling; the Missouri Department of
Natural Resources Division of State Parks, the Doe Run Company, and
NADIST, LLC. for providing access to sampling sites; George Yatskievych
for help in identifying collected plant specimens; Greg Bach and John
Weber for field assistance; and three anonymous reviewers of a previous
version of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 41
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PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 119
BP 20
EP 28
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.01.021
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 128VA
UT WOS:000317796600003
PM 23435182
ER
PT J
AU Cryan, PM
Meteyer, CU
Boyles, JG
Blehert, DS
AF Cryan, Paul M.
Meteyer, Carol Uphoff
Boyles, Justin G.
Blehert, David S.
TI White-nose syndrome in bats: illuminating the darkness
SO BMC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID GEOMYCES-DESTRUCTANS; MYOTIS-LUCIFUGUS; PERSISTENCE; INFECTION;
PATHOLOGY; SUGGESTS
C1 [Cryan, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Meteyer, Carol Uphoff] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Boyles, Justin G.] So Illinois Univ, Cooperat Wildlife Res Lab, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Blehert, David S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Cryan, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM cryanp@usgs.gov
RI Boyles, Justin/A-5152-2010;
OI Cryan, Paul/0000-0002-2915-8894
NR 14
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U1 3
U2 157
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1741-7007
J9 BMC BIOL
JI BMC Biol.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 11
AR 47
DI 10.1186/1741-7007-11-47
PG 4
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 127IU
UT WOS:000317692700016
PM 23587401
ER
PT J
AU Schwalb, A
Dean, W
Gude, H
Hanisch, S
Sobek, S
Wessels, M
AF Schwalb, Antje
Dean, Walter
Guede, Hans
Hanisch, Sabine
Sobek, Sebastian
Wessels, Martin
TI Benthic ostracode delta C-13 as sensor for early Holocene establishment
of modern circulation patterns in Central Europe
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes; Lake sediments; Ostracodes;
Methanogenesis; Tetrahymanol; North Atlantic Oscillation; Central
Europe; Early Holocene
ID CARBON-ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; LAKE CONSTANCE; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES;
VALVE GEOCHEMISTRY; GLACIAL SEDIMENTS; STABLE-ISOTOPES; DEEP-LAKE;
OXYGEN; RECORD; SWITZERLAND
AB Shells from adult specimen of the benthic ostracodes Limnogtherina sanctipatricii and Leucocythere mirabilis selected from a 8.7 m long piston core provide continuous stable oxygen and carbon records for the past approximately 16 ka. Oxygen isotopes from both species show identical values and track the general North Atlantic and European temperature history since deglaciation in great detail. Values of ostracode 8180 values suggest that about 16 cal ka the average annual air temperatures were about 11 degrees C colder than today. Carbon isotopic values from both species of ostracodes are similar during the Lateglacial and early Holocene, and show an overall decrease from -4 parts per thousand to -7 parts per thousand that is probably related to an increase in photosynthetic productivity in the water column, as suggested by an increase in organic carbon, delivering C-13-depleted organic matter to the bottom waters (carbon pump). About 9 cal ka only L mirabilis delta C-13 values decreased about -2.5 parts per thousand within 300 years. Higher delta C-13 variability and ecological evidence suggests that L mirabilis represents a summer signal, whereas L sanctipatricii displays a more subdued annual average. After about 7 cal ka another -1.5% decrease for both species, accompanied by an increase in magnetic susceptibility, a decrease in carbonate content, and more positive bulk carbonate isotope values followed, suggesting higher detrital-clastic input into the lake.
In order to provide a possible mechanism explaining the negative L mirabilis delta C-13-values, sediment pore water profiles of O-2 and CH4 in short cores collected from sites distal to proximal to the Alpine Rhine River delta, were inspected. Sediments in cores from more proximal sites to the Rhine delta become anoxic at shallower sediment depth due to the decay of high allochthonous organic carbon input to the sediment, which greatly increases concentrations of methane in pore waters closer to the Rhine inflow. When methane is oxidized close to the sediment-water-interface, C-13-depleted carbon is added to pore water DIC that is then available for incorporation into ostracode shells. This mechanism suggests that about 9 cal ka the oxygen supply to the bottom waters, especially in summer, decreased. This stimulated methanogenesis close to the sediment-water-interface, and provided delta C-13-depleted carbon to benthic dwellers. Independent evidence for methanogenesis is provided by the increase in concentration of tetrahymanol after about 9 cal ka coincident with the decrease in delta C-13 of L mirabilis.
We suggest that about 9 cal ka the northward retreat of the Northern Hemisphere Ice Sheets, and consequently the polar front, left the alpine region affected by a more oceanic climate, characterized by warmer winters as they occur today especially during the positive North Atlantic Oscillation Index phase. More frequently incomplete mixing of the water column may have shifted the decay of organic matter faster to anaerobic conditions in surficial sediments especially during summer. By about 7 cal ka the North Atlantic region had probably warmed sufficiently to increase precipitation in Central Europe and consequently detrital-clastic runoff to lake Constance. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Schwalb, Antje] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Geosyst & Bioindikat, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Dean, Walter] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Guede, Hans; Wessels, Martin] LUBW, Inst Seenforsch, D-88085 Langenargen, Germany.
[Hanisch, Sabine] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Sobek, Sebastian] Uppsala Univ, Dept Ecol & Genet, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
RP Schwalb, A (reprint author), Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Geosyst & Bioindikat, Langer Kamp 19C, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
EM antje.schwalb@tu-bs.de
FU DFG [Schw 671/1]; German Climate Research Program (DEKLIM) [FKZ 01 LD
003]
FX We thank H.-R. Kudrass for coring with the BGR piston corer, A. Matter
and S. Burns, Geologisches Institut, Universitat Bern, Bern, Switzerland
for hospitality and stable isotope analysis, as well as S. Wagner and D.
Home for discussions. We give our thanks to J. Holmes and one anonymous
reviewer for very constructive criticism on a previous version of this
paper. This research resulted from projects funded by a DFG-fellowship
(Schw 671/1) and support from the German Climate Research Program
(DEKLIM, FKZ 01 LD 003). This paper is dedicated to H.I. Griffiths.
NR 98
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 66
SI SI
BP 112
EP 122
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.10.032
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 124FF
UT WOS:000317448500011
ER
PT J
AU Lawrence, CR
Reynolds, RL
Ketterer, ME
Neff, JC
AF Lawrence, Corey R.
Reynolds, Richard L.
Ketterer, Michael E.
Neff, Jason C.
TI Aeolian controls of soil geochemistry and weathering fluxes in
high-elevation ecosystems of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID MASS-BALANCE; DUST DEPOSITION; HAWAIIAN CHRONOSEQUENCE; CHANGING
SOURCES; LEAD-EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; EOLIAN DUST; RATES; NORTHERN;
TRANSPORT
AB When dust inputs are large or have persisted for long periods of time, the signature of dust additions are often apparent in soils. The of dust will be greatest where the geochemical composition of dust is distinct from local sources of soil parent material. In this study the influence of dust accretion on soil geochemistry is quantified for two different soils from the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado, USA. At both study sites, dust is enriched in several trace elements relative to local rock, especially Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Mass-balance calculations that do not explicitly account for dust inputs indicate the accumulation of some elements in soil beyond what can be explained by weathering of local rock. Most observed elemental enrichments are explained by accounting for the long-term accretion of dust, based on modern isotopic and geochemical estimates. One notable exception is Pb, which based on mass-balance calculations and isotopic measurements may have an additional source at one of the study sites. These results suggest that dust is a major factor influencing the development of soil in these settings and is also an important control of soil weathering fluxes. After accounting for dust inputs in mass-balance calculations, Si weathering fluxes from San Juan Mountain soils are within the range observed for other temperate systems. Comparing dust inputs with mass-balanced based flux estimates suggests dust could account for as much as 50-80% of total long-term chemical weathering fluxes. These results support the notion that dust inputs may sustain chemical weathering fluxes even in relatively young continental settings. Given the widespread input of far-traveled dust, the weathering of dust is likely and important and underappreciated aspect of the global weathering engine. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Lawrence, Corey R.; Neff, Jason C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Reynolds, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Ketterer, Michael E.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Lawrence, CR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM clawrence@usgs.gov
RI Lawrence, Corey/F-4742-2014;
OI Lawrence, Corey/0000-0002-0219-9610; NEFF, JASON/0000-0002-8290-1472
FU Mellon Foundation; Niwot Ridge Long-term Ecological Research Site;
Geologic Society of America; Colorado Mountain Club; University of
Colorado
FX Sample collection and analyses for this study were supported by a Grant
to Neff from the Mellon Foundation and to fellowship support to Lawrence
from the Niwot Ridge Long-term Ecological Research Site, the Geologic
Society of America, the Colorado Mountain Club and the University of
Colorado. Chris Landry and staff of the Center for Snow and Avalanche
Studies provided technical support and assisted with dust sample
collection. The Mountain Studies Institute provided logistical support
in Silverton, CO. We also would like to thank Sarah Castle, Thomas
Painter, and Daniel Fernandez for technical and/or intellectual
contributions to various aspects of this work. Ketterer acknowledges
support from NSF CHE-0118604 and the Arizona TRIF Program for the
instrumentation used at NAU in this study. The Climate and Land Use
Change Program of the U.S. Geological Survey provided additional
support.
NR 64
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 107
BP 27
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2012.12.023
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 100QA
UT WOS:000315714700003
ER
PT J
AU Waibel, MS
Gannett, MW
Chang, H
Hulbe, CL
AF Waibel, M. S.
Gannett, M. W.
Chang, H.
Hulbe, C. L.
TI Spatial variability of the response to climate change in regional
groundwater systems - Examples from simulations in the Deschutes Basin,
Oregon
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Groundwater recharge; Baseflow;
Groundwater/surface-water interaction; Volcanic aquifers; Cascade Range
ID SPRING-DOMINATED STREAMS; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST;
UNITED-STATES; CHANGE IMPACTS; COUPLED MODEL; RIVER-BASIN; CASCADES;
RECHARGE; TRENDS
AB We examine the spatial variability of the response of aquifer systems to climate change in and adjacent to the Cascade Range volcanic arc in the Deschutes Basin, Oregon using downscaled global climate model projections to drive surface hydrologic process and groundwater flow models. Projected warming over the 21st century is anticipated to shift the phase of precipitation toward more rain and less snow in mountainous areas in the Pacific Northwest, resulting in smaller winter snowpack and in a shift in the timing of runoff to earlier in the year. This will be accompanied by spatially variable changes in the timing of groundwater recharge. Analysis of historic climate and hydrologic data and modeling studies show that groundwater plays a key role in determining the response of stream systems to climate change. The spatial variability in the response of groundwater systems to climate change, particularly with regard to flow-system scale, however, has generally not been addressed in the literature. Here we simulate the hydrologic response to projected future climate to show that the response of groundwater systems can vary depending on the location and spatial scale of the flow systems and their aquifer characteristics. Mean annual recharge averaged over the basin does not change significantly between the 1980s and 2080s climate periods given the ensemble of global climate models and emission scenarios evaluated. There are, however, changes in the seasonality of groundwater recharge within the basin. Simulation results show that short-flow-path groundwater systems, such as those providing baseflow to many head-water streams, will likely have substantial changes in the timing of discharge in response changes in seasonality of recharge. Regional-scale aquifer systems with flow paths on the order of many tens of kilometers, in contrast, are much less affected by changes in seasonality of recharge. Flow systems at all spatial scales, however, are likely to reflect interannual changes in total recharge. These results provide insights into the possible impacts of climate change to other regional aquifer systems, and the streams they support, where discharge points represent a range of flow system scales. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Waibel, M. S.; Hulbe, C. L.] Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Gannett, M. W.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Chang, H.] Portland State Univ, Dept Geog, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Hulbe, C. L.] Univ Otago, Sch Surveying, Dunedin, New Zealand.
RP Gannett, MW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM waibelms@pdx.edu; mgannett@usgs.gov; changh@pdx.edu;
christina.hulbe@otago.ac.nz
OI Gannett, Marshall/0000-0003-2498-2427
FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Science and Technology grant
FX This work was funded in part through a U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
Science and Technology grant. The authors would like to thank Tim Mayer
for a helpful review of an early draft of the manuscript, and peer
reviewers for insightful comments and suggestions.
NR 54
TC 12
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U1 5
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD APR 12
PY 2013
VL 486
BP 187
EP 201
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.01.019
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 125JZ
UT WOS:000317537400014
ER
PT J
AU Karlstrom, KE
Lee, J
Kelley, S
Crow, R
Young, RA
Lucchitta, I
Beard, LS
Dorsey, R
Ricketts, JW
Dickinson, WR
Crossey, L
AF Karlstrom, Karl E.
Lee, John
Kelley, Shari
Crow, Ryan
Young, Richard A.
Lucchitta, Ivo
Beard, L. Sue
Dorsey, Rebecca
Ricketts, Jason W.
Dickinson, William R.
Crossey, Laura
TI Comment on "Apatite He-4/He-3 and (U-Th)/He Evidence for an Ancient
Grand Canyon"
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID COLORADO PLATEAU; INCISION; RIVER
C1 [Karlstrom, Karl E.; Crow, Ryan; Ricketts, Jason W.; Crossey, Laura] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Lee, John] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Kelley, Shari] New Mexico Bur Geol & Mineral Resources, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Young, Richard A.] SUNY Coll Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454 USA.
[Lucchitta, Ivo; Beard, L. Sue] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Dorsey, Rebecca] Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Dickinson, William R.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Karlstrom, KE (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM kek1@unm.edu
OI Crossey, Laura/0000-0001-6237-8023
NR 15
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD APR 12
PY 2013
VL 340
IS 6129
DI 10.1126/science.1233982
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 122TQ
UT WOS:000317341400034
PM 23589897
ER
PT J
AU Lucchitta, I
AF Lucchitta, Ivo
TI Comment on "Apatite He-4/He-3 and (U-Th)/He Evidence for an Ancient
Grand Canyon"
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID DRAINAGE
C1 [Lucchitta, Ivo] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Lucchitta, Ivo] Museum Northern Arizona, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Lucchitta, I (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM ilucchitta@gmail.com
NR 9
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD APR 12
PY 2013
VL 340
IS 6129
DI 10.1126/science.1234567
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 122TQ
UT WOS:000317341400033
PM 23580512
ER
PT J
AU Chen, XX
Vogelmann, JE
Chander, G
Ji, L
Tolk, B
Huang, CQ
Rollins, M
AF Chen, Xuexia
Vogelmann, James E.
Chander, Gyanesh
Ji, Lei
Tolk, Brian
Huang, Chengquan
Rollins, Matthew
TI Cross-sensor comparisons between Landsat 5 TM and IRS-P6 AWiFS and
disturbance detection using integrated Landsat and AWiFS time-series
images
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID COVER CHANGE DETECTION; LEAF-AREA INDEX; UNITED-STATES; RADIOMETRIC
CORRECTION; VEGETATION INDEXES; LANDSCAPE CHANGE; FOREST; NORMALIZATION;
CALIBRATION; COEFFICIENT
AB Routine acquisition of Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data was discontinued recently and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) has an ongoing problem with the scan line corrector (SLC), thereby creating spatial gaps when covering images obtained during the process. Since temporal and spatial discontinuities of Landsat data are now imminent, it is therefore important to investigate other potential satellite data that can be used to replace Landsat data. We thus cross-compared two near-simultaneous images obtained from Landsat 5 TM and the Indian Remote Sensing (IRS)-P6 Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS), both captured on 29 May 2007 over Los Angeles, CA. TM and AWiFS reflectances were compared for the green, red, near-infrared (NIR), and shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands, as well as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) based on manually selected polygons in homogeneous areas. All R 2 values of linear regressions were found to be higher than 0.99. The temporally invariant cluster (TIC) method was used to calculate the NDVI correlation between the TM and AWiFS images. The NDVI regression line derived from selected polygons passed through several invariant cluster centres of the TIC density maps and demonstrated that both the scene-dependent polygon regression method and TIC method can generate accurate radiometric normalization. A scene-independent normalization method was also used to normalize the AWiFS data. Image agreement assessment demonstrated that the scene-dependent normalization using homogeneous polygons provided slightly higher accuracy values than those obtained by the scene-independent method. Finally, the non-normalized and relatively normalized Landsat-like' AWiFS 2007 images were integrated into 1984 to 2010 Landsat time-series stacks (LTSS) for disturbance detection using the Vegetation Change Tracker (VCT) model. Both scene-dependent and scene-independent normalized AWiFS data sets could generate disturbance maps similar to what were generated using the LTSS data set, and their kappa coefficients were higher than 0.97. These results indicate that AWiFS can be used instead of Landsat data to detect multitemporal disturbance in the event of Landsat data discontinuity.
C1 [Chen, Xuexia; Ji, Lei] USGS, ARTS, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Vogelmann, James E.; Rollins, Matthew] USGS, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Chander, Gyanesh; Tolk, Brian] USGS, SGT, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Huang, Chengquan] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Chen, XX (reprint author), Sigma Space Corp, VCST, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
EM xuexiachen@hotmail.com
OI Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798; Vogelmann,
James/0000-0002-0804-5823
FU US Geological Survey; LANDFIRE Operations and Maintenance project;
Wildland Fire Leadership Council of the USA
FX The funding for this study was provided by the US Geological Survey and
the LANDFIRE Operations and Maintenance project, which was sponsored by
the Wildland Fire Leadership Council of the USA. We thank Kurtis Nelson
and Zhengpeng Li for assistance in VCT processing. We also thank Birgit
Peterson, Roger Auch, and Thomas Adamson, who reviewed an earlier draft
of this article and provided comments to improve this article. The works
of X. Chen and L. Ji were performed under USGS contract G08PC91508 and
the works of G. Chander and B. Tolk were performed under USGS contract
G10PC00044. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purpose only and does not imply endorsement by the US government.
NR 48
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U2 32
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD APR 10
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 7
BP 2432
EP 2453
DI 10.1080/01431161.2012.743690
PG 22
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 100SJ
UT WOS:000315722200011
ER
PT J
AU Gong, P
Wang, J
Yu, L
Zhao, YC
Zhao, YY
Liang, L
Niu, ZG
Huang, XM
Fu, HH
Liu, S
Li, CC
Li, XY
Fu, W
Liu, CX
Xu, Y
Wang, XY
Cheng, Q
Hu, LY
Yao, WB
Zhang, H
Zhu, P
Zhao, ZY
Zhang, HY
Zheng, YM
Ji, LY
Zhang, YW
Chen, H
Yan, A
Guo, JH
Yu, L
Wang, L
Liu, XJ
Shi, TT
Zhu, MH
Chen, YL
Yang, GW
Tang, P
Xu, B
Giri, C
Clinton, N
Zhu, ZL
Chen, J
Chen, J
AF Gong, Peng
Wang, Jie
Yu, Le
Zhao, Yongchao
Zhao, Yuanyuan
Liang, Lu
Niu, Zhenguo
Huang, Xiaomeng
Fu, Haohuan
Liu, Shuang
Li, Congcong
Li, Xueyan
Fu, Wei
Liu, Caixia
Xu, Yue
Wang, Xiaoyi
Cheng, Qu
Hu, Luanyun
Yao, Wenbo
Zhang, Han
Zhu, Peng
Zhao, Ziying
Zhang, Haiying
Zheng, Yaomin
Ji, Luyan
Zhang, Yawen
Chen, Han
Yan, An
Guo, Jianhong
Yu, Liang
Wang, Lei
Liu, Xiaojun
Shi, Tingting
Zhu, Menghua
Chen, Yanlei
Yang, Guangwen
Tang, Ping
Xu, Bing
Giri, Chandra
Clinton, Nicholas
Zhu, Zhiliang
Chen, Jin
Chen, Jun
TI Finer resolution observation and monitoring of global land cover: first
mapping results with Landsat TM and ETM+ data
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID EARTH OBSERVATION DATA; REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; SATELLITE DATA; RESEARCH
PRIORITIES; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; USE CLASSIFICATION; BRAZILIAN AMAZON;
AERIAL IMAGERY; LARGE AREAS; VEGETATION
AB We have produced the first 30 m resolution global land-cover maps using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data. We have classified over 6600 scenes of Landsat TM data after 2006, and over 2300 scenes of Landsat TM and ETM+ data before 2006, all selected from the green season. These images cover most of the world's land surface except Antarctica and Greenland. Most of these images came from the United States Geological Survey in level L1T (orthorectified). Four classifiers that were freely available were employed, including the conventional maximum likelihood classifier (MLC), J4.8 decision tree classifier, Random Forest (RF) classifier and support vector machine (SVM) classifier. A total of 91,433 training samples were collected by traversing each scene and finding the most representative and homogeneous samples. A total of 38,664 test samples were collected at preset, fixed locations based on a globally systematic unaligned sampling strategy. Two software tools, Global Analyst and Global Mapper developed by extending the functionality of Google Earth, were used in developing the training and test sample databases by referencing the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer enhanced vegetation index (MODIS EVI) time series for 2010 and high resolution images from Google Earth. A unique land-cover classification system was developed that can be crosswalked to the existing United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) land-cover classification system as well as the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) system. Using the four classification algorithms, we obtained the initial set of global land-cover maps. The SVM produced the highest overall classification accuracy (OCA) of 64.9% assessed with our test samples, with RF (59.8%), J4.8 (57.9%), and MLC (53.9%) ranked from the second to the fourth. We also estimated the OCAs using a subset of our test samples (8629) each of which represented a homogeneous area greater than 500 mx500 m. Using this subset, we found the OCA for the SVM to be 71.5%. As a consistent source for estimating the coverage of global land-cover types in the world, estimation from the test samples shows that only 6.90% of the world is planted for agricultural production. The total area of cropland is 11.51% if unplanted croplands are included. The forests, grasslands, and shrublands cover 28.35%, 13.37%, and 11.49% of the world, respectively. The impervious surface covers only 0.66% of the world. Inland waterbodies, barren lands, and snow and ice cover 3.56%, 16.51%, and 12.81% of the world, respectively.
C1 [Gong, Peng; Yu, Le; Zhao, Yuanyuan; Huang, Xiaomeng; Fu, Haohuan; Cheng, Qu; Hu, Luanyun; Yao, Wenbo; Zhang, Han; Yang, Guangwen; Clinton, Nicholas] Tsinghua Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Syst Modelling, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Gong, Peng; Liang, Lu; Chen, Yanlei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Gong, Peng; Wang, Jie; Niu, Zhenguo; Liu, Shuang; Fu, Wei; Liu, Caixia; Wang, Xiaoyi; Zhu, Peng; Zhang, Haiying; Zheng, Yaomin; Wang, Lei; Tang, Ping] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing Applicat, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Gong, Peng; Wang, Jie; Niu, Zhenguo; Liu, Shuang; Fu, Wei; Liu, Caixia; Wang, Xiaoyi; Zhu, Peng; Zhang, Haiying; Zheng, Yaomin; Wang, Lei; Tang, Ping] Beijing Normal Univ, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Yongchao] Univ S Florida, Dept Geog, Tempa, FL 33620 USA.
[Zhao, Yongchao; Hu, Luanyun] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Elect, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
[Li, Congcong; Li, Xueyan; Xu, Yue; Zhao, Ziying; Xu, Bing] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yawen; Chen, Han; Yan, An; Liu, Xiaojun; Shi, Tingting; Zhu, Menghua] Wuhan Univ, Coll Remote Sensing Informat Engn, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
[Guo, Jianhong; Yu, Liang] Beijing Xiuying Environm Informat Technol Dev Inc, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Giri, Chandra; Zhu, Zhiliang] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
[Chen, Jin] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Jun] Natl Geomat Ctr, Beijing 100830, Peoples R China.
RP Gong, P (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Syst Modelling, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM penggong@berkeley.edu
RI Xu, Bing/C-7732-2015; wang, fenfei/N-9905-2015; Yu, Le/C-3701-2008;
WANG, Lei/B-4845-2012; Chen, Jin/A-6417-2011
OI Cheng, Qu/0000-0003-3074-9218; Yu, Le/0000-0003-3115-2042; Chen,
Jin/0000-0002-6497-4141
FU National High Technology Grant from China [2009AA12200101]; National Key
Basic Research Programme of China [2010CB530300]
FX The authors are grateful to Anping Liao, Lijun Chen, Chaoying He,
Dengsheng Lu, Damien Sulla-Menashe, Mark Friedl, Yanmei Yu, Peisheng
Yan, Yan Jia, Hong Chen, Kang Jiang, Kai Yu, Dafei Yin, Na Cong,
Vladimir Chakov, Viktorria Kuptcova, Li Jia, Liangzhi You, and John
Townshend, who had assisted or advised them during various stages of
this work. This research was partially supported by a National High
Technology Grant from China (2009AA12200101) and a National Key Basic
Research Programme of China (2010CB530300).
NR 108
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U1 39
U2 250
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD APR 10
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 7
BP 2607
EP 2654
DI 10.1080/01431161.2012.748992
PG 48
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 100SJ
UT WOS:000315722200021
ER
PT J
AU Aiken, GR
AF Aiken, George R.
TI Dissolved organic matter optical properties and the reactivity of
aquatic humic substances
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Aiken, George R.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM graiken@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 178-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303600031
ER
PT J
AU Joye, SB
Crespo-Medina, M
Hunter, K
Asper, V
Diercks, A
Passow, U
Montoya, J
Benitez-Nelson, C
Moore, W
Demopoulos, A
Highsmith, R
AF Joye, Samantha B.
Crespo-Medina, Melitza
Hunter, Kimberley
Asper, Vernon
Diercks, Arne
Passow, Uta
Montoya, Joseph
Benitez-Nelson, Claudia
Moore, Willard
Demopoulos, Amanda
Highsmith, Raymond
TI Increased sedimentation and altered nutrient cycling in the aftermath of
the Macondo oil well blowout
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Joye, Samantha B.; Crespo-Medina, Melitza; Hunter, Kimberley] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Asper, Vernon; Diercks, Arne] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39523 USA.
[Passow, Uta] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Montoya, Joseph] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Benitez-Nelson, Claudia; Moore, Willard] Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Demopoulos, Amanda] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Highsmith, Raymond] Univ Mississippi, Natl Inst Undersea Sci & Technol, Oxford, MS 38677 USA.
EM mjoye@uga.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 21-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851305249
ER
PT J
AU Joye, SB
Crespo-Medina, M
Hunter, K
Medeiros, P
Montoya, J
Demopoulos, A
AF Joye, Samantha B.
Crespo-Medina, Melitza
Hunter, Kimberley
Medeiros, Patricia
Montoya, Joseph
Demopoulos, Amanda
TI Altered pelagic and benthic biological dynamics following the BP Macondo
oil well blowout
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Joye, Samantha B.; Crespo-Medina, Melitza; Hunter, Kimberley; Medeiros, Patricia] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Montoya, Joseph] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Demopoulos, Amanda] US Geol Survey, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM mjoye@uga.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 37-AGFD
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851300034
ER
PT J
AU Kearns, J
Shimabuku, K
Noikaew, R
Niamjan, S
Reents, N
Mansfield, E
Rutherford, D
McLaughlin, H
Knappe, D
Summers, RS
AF Kearns, Joshua
Shimabuku, Kyle
Noikaew, Ramphai
Niamjan, Sheena
Reents, Nathan
Mansfield, Elisabeth
Rutherford, David
McLaughlin, Hugh
Knappe, Detlef
Summers, R. Scott
TI Herbicide sorption/desorption by biochars produced from traditional kiln
and low-cost gasifier systems: Applications in sustainable decentralized
water treatment for developing communities
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Kearns, Joshua; Shimabuku, Kyle; Summers, R. Scott] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Noikaew, Ramphai; Niamjan, Sheena; Reents, Nathan] Pun Pun Ctr Self Reliance, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand.
[Kearns, Joshua; Reents, Nathan] Aqueous Solut, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand.
[Mansfield, Elisabeth] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Rutherford, David] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[McLaughlin, Hugh] Alterna Biocarbon, Biocarbon Res, Groton, MA USA.
[Knappe, Detlef] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM joshua.kearns@colorado.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 81-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851305303
ER
PT J
AU Myers, DN
AF Myers, Donna N.
TI One century of water quality monitoring and assessment for sustainable
development
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Myers, Donna N.] US Geol Survey, Water Mission Area, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM dnmyers@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 12-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851305241
ER
PT J
AU Smith, DB
Cannon, WF
Woodruff, LG
AF Smith, David B.
Cannon, William F.
Woodruff, Laurel G.
TI Distribution of arsenic in soils of the conterminous United States
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Smith, David B.; Cannon, William F.; Woodruff, Laurel G.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM dsmith@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 242-AGFD
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851300219
ER
PT J
AU Wetherbee, GA
Lehmann, CMB
Debey, TM
Gay, DA
Nilles, MA
Brunette, RC
AF Wetherbee, Gregory A.
Lehmann, Christopher M. B.
Debey, Timothy M.
Gay, David A.
Nilles, Mark A.
Brunette, Robert C.
TI Response of the National Atmospheric Deposition Program to the Fukushima
Dai-ichi disaster: Value of long-term monitoring for post-disaster
assessments
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Wetherbee, Gregory A.] US Geol Survey, Off Water Qual, Branch Qual Syst, US Dept Interior, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Lehmann, Christopher M. B.; Gay, David A.] Univ Illinois, Prairie Res Inst, Natl Atmospher Deposit Program, Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Debey, Timothy M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Reactor Facil, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Nilles, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Off Water Qual, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Brunette, Robert C.] Frontier Global Sci Inc, Bothell, WA 98011 USA.
EM wetherbe@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 7-AGFD
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851300008
ER
PT J
AU Luis, AD
Hayman, DTS
O'Shea, TJ
Cryan, PM
Gilbert, AT
Pulliam, JRC
Mills, JN
Timonin, ME
Willis, CKR
Cunningham, AA
Fooks, AR
Rupprecht, CE
Wood, JLN
Webb, CT
AF Luis, Angela D.
Hayman, David T. S.
O'Shea, Thomas J.
Cryan, Paul M.
Gilbert, Amy T.
Pulliam, Juliet R. C.
Mills, James N.
Timonin, Mary E.
Willis, Craig K. R.
Cunningham, Andrew A.
Fooks, Anthony R.
Rupprecht, Charles E.
Wood, James L. N.
Webb, Colleen T.
TI A comparison of bats and rodents as reservoirs of zoonotic viruses: are
bats special?
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE trait-based approaches; zoonoses; viral richness; reservoir host;
spillover; Chiroptera
ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; PLACENTAL MAMMAL PHYLOGENY; WILD PRIMATES;
LIFE-HISTORY; WEST-AFRICA; HOST-RANGE; EMERGENCE; ECOLOGY; EVOLUTION;
PATTERNS
AB Bats are the natural reservoirs of a number of high-impact viral zoonoses. We present a quantitative analysis to address the hypothesis that bats are unique in their propensity to host zoonotic viruses based on a comparison with rodents, another important host order. We found that bats indeed host more zoonotic viruses per species than rodents, and we identified life-history and ecological factors that promote zoonotic viral richness. More zoonotic viruses are hosted by species whose distributions overlap with a greater number of other species in the same taxonomic order (sympatry). Specifically in bats, there was evidence for increased zoonotic viral richness in species with smaller litters (one young), greater longevity and more litters per year. Furthermore, our results point to a new hypothesis to explain in part why bats host more zoonotic viruses per species: the stronger effect of sympatry in bats and more viruses shared between bat species suggests that interspecific transmission is more prevalent among bats than among rodents. Although bats host more zoonotic viruses per species, the total number of zoonotic viruses identified in bats (61) was lower than in rodents (68), a result of there being approximately twice the number of rodent species as bat species. Therefore, rodents should still be a serious concern as reservoirs of emerging viruses. These findings shed light on disease emergence and perpetuation mechanisms and may help lead to a predictive framework for identifying future emerging infectious virus reservoirs.
C1 [Luis, Angela D.; Hayman, David T. S.; Webb, Colleen T.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Luis, Angela D.; Pulliam, Juliet R. C.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Hayman, David T. S.; Wood, James L. N.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Vet Med, Dis Dynam Unit, Cambridge CB3 0ES, England.
[Hayman, David T. S.; Fooks, Anthony R.] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy Weybridge, Wildlife Zoonoses & Vector Borne Dis Res Grp, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England.
[Hayman, David T. S.; Cunningham, Andrew A.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England.
[O'Shea, Thomas J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Cryan, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Gilbert, Amy T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Pulliam, Juliet R. C.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Pulliam, Juliet R. C.] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Mills, James N.] Emory Univ, Populat Biol Ecol & Evolut Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Timonin, Mary E.; Willis, Craig K. R.] Univ Winnipeg, Dept Biol, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada.
[Timonin, Mary E.; Willis, Craig K. R.] Univ Winnipeg, Ctr Forest Interdisciplinary Res, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada.
[Fooks, Anthony R.] Natl Consortium Zoonosis Res, Neston CH64 7TE, South Wirral, England.
[Rupprecht, Charles E.] Global Alliance Rabies Control, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
RP Luis, AD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM angela.d.luis@gmail.com
RI Wood, James/A-1626-2008; Willis, Craig/F-5218-2013; APHA, Staff
publications/E-6082-2010; Cunningham, Andrew/E-7536-2010; Fooks,
Anthony/F-5418-2010;
OI Cryan, Paul/0000-0002-2915-8894; Wood, James/0000-0002-0258-3188;
Pulliam, Juliet/0000-0003-3314-8223
FU Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of
the Science and Technology Directorate (US Department of Homeland
Security); Fogarty International Center (National Institutes of Health);
Wellcome Trust; David H. Smith post-doctoral fellowship; Royal Society
Wolfson Research Merit award; Alborada Trust; Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council (NSERC Canada)
FX This work was supported by the Research and Policy for Infectious
Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology
Directorate (US Department of Homeland Security) and the Fogarty
International Center (National Institutes of Health). D.T.S.H.
acknowledges funding from the Wellcome Trust and a David H. Smith
post-doctoral fellowship. A.A.C. is partially funded by a Royal Society
Wolfson Research Merit award, and J.L.N.W. is supported by the Alborada
Trust. C.K.R.W. is funded by a Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences
and Engineering Research Council (NSERC Canada). We thank Dan Horton for
useful discussions. The findings and conclusions in this report are
those of the authors and the US Geological Survey, but not of the other
institutions. Any use of trade product or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 59
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U1 13
U2 206
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 280
IS 1756
AR 20122753
DI 10.1098/rspb.2012.2753
PG 9
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 097GH
UT WOS:000315461500012
PM 23378666
ER
PT J
AU LaRue, MA
Ainley, DG
Swanson, M
Dugger, KM
Lyver, PO
Barton, K
Ballard, G
AF LaRue, Michelle A.
Ainley, David G.
Swanson, Matt
Dugger, Katie M.
Lyver, Phil O'B.
Barton, Kerry
Ballard, Grant
TI Climate Change Winners: Receding Ice Fields Facilitate Colony Expansion
and Altered Dynamics in an Adelie Penguin Metapopulation
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTARCTIC PENINSULA; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; ROSS SEA; PYGOSCELIS-ADELIAE;
POPULATION; SIZE; SURVIVAL; MODELS
AB There will be winners and losers as climate change alters the habitats of polar organisms. For an Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colony on Beaufort Island (Beaufort), part of a cluster of colonies in the southern Ross Sea, we report a recent population increase in response to increased nesting habitat as glaciers have receded. Emigration rates of birds banded as chicks on Beaufort to colonies on nearby Ross Island decreased after 2005 as available habitat on Beaufort increased, leading to altered dynamics of the metapopulation. Using aerial photography beginning in 1958 and modern satellite imagery, we measured change in area of available nesting habitat and population size of the Beaufort colony. Population size varied with available habitat, and both increased rapidly since the 1990s. In accord with glacial retreat, summer temperatures at nearby McMurdo Station increased by similar to 0.50 degrees C per decade since the mid-1980s. Although the Ross Sea is likely to be the last ocean with an intact ecosystem, the recent retreat of ice fields at Beaufort that resulted in increased breeding habitat exemplifies a process that has been underway in the Ross Sea during the entire Holocene. Furthermore, our results are in line with predictions that major ice shelves and glaciers will retreat rapidly elsewhere in the Antarctic, potentially leading to increased breeding habitat for Adelie penguins. Results further indicated that satellite imagery may be used to estimate large changes in Adelie penguin populations, facilitating our understanding of metapopulation dynamics and environmental factors that influence regional populations.
C1 [LaRue, Michelle A.; Swanson, Matt] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Polar Geospatial Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Ainley, David G.] HT Harvey & Associates, Los Gatos, CA USA.
[Dugger, Katie M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Lyver, Phil O'B.] Landcare Res, Lincoln, New Zealand.
[Barton, Kerry] Bartonk Solut, Nelson, New Zealand.
[Ballard, Grant] PRBO Conservat Sci, Petaluma, CA USA.
RP LaRue, MA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Polar Geospatial Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM larue010@umn.edu
FU National Science Foundation [ANT-1043681, ANT-0944411, ANT-0440643]; New
Zealand's Ministry for Business, Innovation and Employment [C09X0510,
C01X0505, C01X1001]; Helicopters NZ; NZ Defense Force (Squadron 40)
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (ANT-1043681,
ANT-0944411, ANT-0440643) and New Zealand's Ministry for Business,
Innovation and Employment (C09X0510, C01X0505, C01X1001). PRBO
contribution # 1926. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.; Field logistics were provided by the US Antarctic Program,
and for the New Zealand team by Antarctica New Zealand, supported by
Helicopters NZ and the NZ Defense Force (Squadron 40). We thank C.
Kelleher for creating the location map, and J. Pundsack for reviewing
previous drafts of this manuscript. The Polar Geospatial Center
facilitated the use of imagery for analysis. All penguin survey, capture
and handling methods performed during data collection for this study
were approved under appropriate ACA permits and by Oregon State
University's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (ACUP # 3049,
3672, 4130). The use of trade names or products does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 36
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U1 6
U2 96
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 3
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR e60568
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0060568
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 143BA
UT WOS:000318840100085
PM 23573267
ER
PT J
AU Ellison, KS
Ribic, CA
Sample, DW
Fawcett, MJ
Dadisman, JD
AF Ellison, Kevin S.
Ribic, Christine A.
Sample, David W.
Fawcett, Megan J.
Dadisman, John D.
TI Impacts of Tree Rows on Grassland Birds and Potential Nest Predators: A
Removal Experiment
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; DOLICHONYX-ORYZIVORUS;
SONGBIRD POPULATIONS; HENSLOWS SPARROW; HABITAT EDGES; UNITED-STATES;
SURVIVAL; ILLINOIS; SUCCESS
AB Globally, grasslands and the wildlife that inhabit them are widely imperiled. Encroachment by shrubs and trees has widely impacted grasslands in the past 150 years. In North America, most grassland birds avoid nesting near woody vegetation. Because woody vegetation fragments grasslands and potential nest predator diversity and abundance is often greater along wooded edge and grassland transitions, we measured the impacts of removing rows of trees and shrubs that intersected grasslands on potential nest predators and the three most abundant grassland bird species (Henslow's sparrow [Ammodramus henslowii], Eastern meadowlark [Sturnella magna], and bobolink [Dolichonyx oryzivorus]) at sites in Wisconsin, U. S. A. We monitored 3 control and 3 treatment sites, for 1 yr prior to and 3 yr after tree row removal at the treatment sites. Grassland bird densities increased (2-4 times for bobolink and Henslow's sparrow) and nesting densities increased (all 3 species) in the removal areas compared to control areas. After removals, Henslow's sparrows nested within <= 50 m of the treatment area, where they did not occur when tree rows were present. Most dramatically, activity by woodland-associated predators nearly ceased (nine-fold decrease for raccoon [Procyon lotor]) at the removals and grassland predators increased (up to 27 times activity for thirteen-lined ground squirrel [Ictidomys tridecemlineatus]). Nest success did not increase, likely reflecting the increase in grassland predators. However, more nests were attempted by all 3 species (175 versus 116) and the number of successful nests for bobolinks and Henslow's sparrows increased. Because of gains in habitat, increased use by birds, greater production of young, and the effective removal of woodland-associated predators, tree row removal, where appropriate based on the predator community, can be a beneficial management action for conserving grassland birds and improving fragmented and degraded grassland ecosystems.
C1 [Ellison, Kevin S.; Fawcett, Megan J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI USA.
[Ribic, Christine A.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI USA.
[Sample, David W.; Dadisman, John D.] Bur Sci Serv, Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI USA.
RP Ellison, KS (reprint author), Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bozeman, MT USA.
EM kellison@wcs.org
OI Ellison, Kevin/0000-0002-1021-6345
FU Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WI-DNR); Federal 1 Aid in
Wildlife Restoration Project [W-160-P]; WI-DNR Pheasant Stamp Program;
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Region 3 Non-game Bird
Conservation Program; USFWS Wisconsin Private Lands Program; U.S.
Geological Survey - Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit; U.S.
Department of Agriculture Hatch grant through the University of
Wisconsin-Madison
FX This project was supported with funds from the Wisconsin Department of
Natural Resources (WI-DNR) with Federal 1 Aid in Wildlife Restoration
Project W-160-P, the WI-DNR Pheasant Stamp Program, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (USFWS) Region 3 Non-game Bird Conservation Program,
USFWS Wisconsin Private Lands Program, U.S. Geological Survey -
Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, and a U.S. Department of
Agriculture Hatch grant through the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The
authors thank the Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University
of Wisconsin, Madison, for assistance with publication expenses. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 81
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 9
U2 73
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 2
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR e59151
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059151
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 127RY
UT WOS:000317717300011
PM 23565144
ER
PT J
AU Nevers, MB
Byappanahalli, MN
Whitman, RL
AF Nevers, Meredith B.
Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.
Whitman, Richard L.
TI Choices in Recreational Water Quality Monitoring: New Opportunities and
Health Risk Trade-Offs
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI CONCENTRATIONS; SOUTHERN LAKE-MICHIGAN;
NONPOINT-SOURCE; FECAL CONTAMINATION; INDICATOR BACTERIA; MARINE WATERS;
FRESH-WATER; BEACH; ILLNESS; ENTEROCOCCUS
AB With the recent release of new recreational water quality monitoring criteria, there are more options for regulatory agencies seeking to protect beachgoers from waterborne pathogens. Included are methods that can reduce analytical time, providing timelier estimates of water quality, but the application of these methods has not been examined at most beaches for expectation of health risk and management decisions. In this analysis, we explore health and monitoring outcomes expected at Lake Michigan beaches using protocols for indicator bacteria including culturable Escherichia coli (E. coli; EC), culturable enterococci (ENT), and enterococci as analyzed by qPCR (QENT). Correlations between method results were generally high, except at beaches with historically high concentrations of EC. The "beach action value" was exceeded most often when using EC or ENT as the target indicator; QENT exceeded the limit far less frequently. Measured water quality between years was varied. Although methods with equivalent health expectation have been established, the lack of relationship among method outcomes and annual changes in mean indicator bacteria concentrations complicates the decision-making process. The monitoring approach selected by beach managers may be a combination of available tools that maximizes timely health protection, cost efficiency, and collaboration among beach jurisdictions.
C1 [Nevers, Meredith B.; Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.; Whitman, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
RP Nevers, MB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1100 N Mineral Springs Rd, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
EM mnevers@usgs.gov
OI Nevers, Meredith/0000-0001-6963-6734
FU U.S. Government
FX This article is Contribution 1740 of the USGS Great Lakes Science
Center. Thank you to Sharon Napier, U.S. EPA, for her review and
consultation. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 48
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 43
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 2
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 7
BP 3073
EP 3081
DI 10.1021/es304408y
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 120LZ
UT WOS:000317173100011
PM 23461425
ER
PT J
AU Croteau, MN
Cain, DJ
Fuller, CC
AF Croteau, Marie-Noele
Cain, Daniel J.
Fuller, Christopher C.
TI Novel and Nontraditional Use of Stable Isotope Tracers To Study Metal
Bioavailability from Natural Particles
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FRESH-WATER INVERTEBRATE; MUSSEL PERNA-VIRIDIS; BIOACCUMULATION
DYNAMICS; AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES; DIETARY PREEXPOSURE; ASSIMILATION;
ABSORPTION; ACCUMULATION; TOXICITY; SEDIMENT
AB We devised a novel tracing approach that involves enriching test organisms with a stable metal isotope of low natural abundance prior to characterizing metal bioavailability from natural inorganic particles. In addition to circumventing uncertainties associated with labeling natural particles and distinguishing background metals, the proposed "reverse labeling" technique overcomes many drawbacks inherent to using radioisotope tracers. Specifically, we chronically exposed freshwater snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) to synthetic water spiked with Cu that was 99.4% Cu-65 to increase the relative abundance of Cu-65 in the snail's tissues from similar to 32% to >80%. The isotopically enriched snails were then exposed to benthic algae mixed with Cu-bearing Fe-Al particles collected from the Animas River (Colorado), an acid mine drainage impacted river. We used Cu-63 to trace Cu uptake from the natural particles and inferred their bioavailability from calculation of Cu assimilation into tissues. Cu assimilation from these particles was 44%, indicating that 44% of the particulate Cu was absorbed by the invertebrate. This demonstrates that inorganic particulate Cu can be bioavailable. The reverse labeling approach shows great potential in various scientific areas such as environmental contamination and nutrition for addressing questions involving uptake of an element that naturally has multiple isotopes.
C1 [Croteau, Marie-Noele; Cain, Daniel J.; Fuller, Christopher C.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Croteau, MN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 496,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM mcroteau@usgs.gov
OI Fuller, Christopher/0000-0002-2354-8074; Cain,
Daniel/0000-0002-3443-0493
FU Toxics Substance Hydrology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey
FX We are grateful to Samuel Luoma and Aida Farag for reviewing the
manuscript, as well as three anonymous reviewers whose comments improved
the manuscript. Support for this research was provided by the Toxics
Substance Hydrology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank
Briant Kimball for his assistance and guidance in collecting the ARP.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 47
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Z9 13
U1 5
U2 67
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 2
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 7
BP 3424
EP 3431
DI 10.1021/es400162f
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 120LZ
UT WOS:000317173100053
PM 23458345
ER
PT J
AU Saalfeld, ST
Conway, WC
Haukos, DA
Johnson, WP
AF Saalfeld, Sarah T.
Conway, Warren C.
Haukos, David A.
Johnson, William P.
TI SEASONAL VARIATION IN OFFSPRING SEX RATIO IN THE SNOWY PLOVER
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; FEMALE KENTISH PLOVERS; FLEDGLING AMERICAN
KESTRELS; RED-WINGED BLACKBIRDS; CHARADRIUS-ALEXANDRINUS; BROOD
DESERTION; MATING SYSTEM; PLAYA LAKES; POTENTIAL MECHANISMS; MIGRANT
SHOREBIRDS
AB The Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus) is unique in being a determinate layer of an odd modal clutch size and in having a variable mating system in which female brood desertion occurs regularly. These traits make determining Snowy Plover offspring sex ratios important not only for long-term population stability, as the species is of conservation concern, but also for application to sex allocation theory. In this study, we determined Snowy Plover offspring sex ratios, examined differential costs of producing male and female offspring, and evaluated sex ratio variation in relation to maternal condition, habitat condition, and time during the nesting season on saline lakes of the Southern High Plains of Texas. Examination of 245 chicks from 118 clutches during 1999-2000 and 2008-2009 showed that male offspring were more costly to produce than female offspring; however, offspring sex ratio did not differ from parity, but was slightly male-biased in most years. The probability of producing a male offspring was greater both earlier and later in the breeding season than in the middle. As the availability of saline lake surface water and the subsequent availability of food vary unpredictably throughout the breeding season, depending on precipitation events, we suggest that sex ratio adjustment in unpredictable environments may not be straightforward and may follow nonlinear models and/or vary annually. The effects such changes in sex ratios may have on population growth and stability remain unknown.
C1 [Saalfeld, Sarah T.; Conway, Warren C.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Arthur Temple Coll Forestry & Agr, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA.
[Haukos, David A.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Johnson, William P.] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Canyon, TX 79015 USA.
RP Saalfeld, ST (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Manomet Ctr Conservat Sci, 1011 East Tudor Rd,MS 201, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM saalfeldst@gmail.com
FU Texas Parks and Wild life Department; Arthur Temple College of Forestry
and Agriculture; Stephen F. Austin State University; Department of
Natural Resources Management; Texas Tech University; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service
FX Financial, logistical, and technical support provided in part by the
Texas Parks and Wild life Department, Arthur Temple College of Forestry
and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University, the Department of
Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, and U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service. Thanks to J. Neal, D. Saalfeld, M. Buckingham, R.
Baker, and M. McDonough and all others who assisted with field and
laboratory work. We thank B. Burt, C. Comer, and D. Scognamillo for
comments and reviews on previous versions of this manuscript. Finally,
we thank the landowners for allowing access to saline lakes located on
their properties.
NR 71
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U1 1
U2 12
PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
EI 1944-8341
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 73
IS 1
BP 60
EP 71
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM3CM
UT WOS:000339729500006
ER
PT J
AU Webber, PA
Jones, MT
AF Webber, P. Aaron
Jones, M. Tildon
TI CONTINUED GIZZARD SHAD (DOROSOMA CEPEDIANUM) RANGE EXPANSION IN THE
COLORADO RIVER BASIN
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) was introduced to the Colorado River basin in 1996 as a result of unintentional stocking. It then rapidly spread into lakes and rivers in both the upper and lower Colorado River basins. We captured adult gizzard shad in the Yampa and White rivers in Colorado in 2012 during boat electrofishing surveys not specifically targeting gizzard shad. These captures document the range expansion of gizzard shad into these Green River tributaries. We also collected larval and young-of-year gizzard shad during seining surveys in backwaters of the middle Green River in 2012, thereby confirming that this species successfully reproduces and recruits in the Green River. The introduction and expansion of gizzard shad has the potential to negatively affect sport fisheries and native fish communities in the Colorado River basin.
C1 [Webber, P. Aaron; Jones, M. Tildon] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Colorado River Fishery Project, Vernal, UT 84078 USA.
RP Webber, PA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Colorado River Fishery Project, 1380 S 2350 W, Vernal, UT 84078 USA.
EM aaron_webber@fws.gov
FU Upper Colorado River Endangered Fish Recovery Program
FX We thank the Upper Colorado River Endangered Fish Recovery Program for
funding the projects from which these data were gathered.
NR 18
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Z9 1
U1 2
U2 8
PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
EI 1944-8341
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 73
IS 1
BP 110
EP 112
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM3CM
UT WOS:000339729500012
ER
PT J
AU Chynoweth, MW
Litton, CM
Lepczyk, CA
Hess, SC
Cordell, S
AF Chynoweth, Mark W.
Litton, Creighton M.
Lepczyk, Christopher A.
Hess, Steven C.
Cordell, Susan
TI Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 9. Capra hircus,
the Feral Goat (Mammalia: Bovidae)
SO PACIFIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID NEW-ZEALAND; NATIONAL-PARK; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SOCIAL-ORGANIZATION;
UNGULATE EXCLUSION; JUDAS GOATS; DRY FOREST; REMOVAL; GALAPAGOS;
RESTORATION
AB Domestic goats, Capra hircus, were intentionally introduced to numerous oceanic islands beginning in the sixteenth century. The remarkable ability of C. hircus to survive in a variety of conditions has enabled this animal to become feral and impact native ecosystems on islands throughout the world. Direct ecological impacts include consumption and trampling of native plants, leading to plant community modification and transformation of ecosystem structure. Although the negative impacts of feral goats are well known and effective management strategies have been developed to control this invasive species, large populations persist on many islands. This review summarizes impacts of feral goats on Pacific island ecosystems and management strategies available to control this invasive species.
C1 [Chynoweth, Mark W.; Litton, Creighton M.; Lepczyk, Christopher A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Hess, Steven C.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Hawaii Natl Pk, Hilo, HI 96718 USA.
[Cordell, Susan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Chynoweth, MW (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM chynoweth.mark@gmail.com
FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [2010094953];
USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Institute of
Pacific Islands Forestry [08-JV-11272177-074]; W. T. Yoshimoto
Foundation Endowed Fellowship in Animal Wildlife Conservation Biology;
USGS Invasive Species Program
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. 2010094953 (to
M.W.C.); USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station,
Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry (Research Joint Venture
08-JV-11272177-074 to C.M.L.); and the W. T. Yoshimoto Foundation
Endowed Fellowship in Animal Wildlife Conservation Biology (to M.W.C.).
Support to S.C.H. was provided by the USGS Invasive Species Program.
NR 117
TC 9
Z9 12
U1 6
U2 52
PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS
PI HONOLULU
PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA
SN 0030-8870
EI 1534-6188
J9 PAC SCI
JI Pac. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 67
IS 2
BP 141
EP 156
DI 10.2984/67.2.1
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 284OP
UT WOS:000329330000001
ER
PT J
AU Averill-Murray, RC
Darst, CR
Strout, N
Wong, M
AF Averill-Murray, Roy C.
Darst, Catherine R.
Strout, Nathan
Wong, Martin
TI CONSERVING POPULATION LINKAGES FOR THE MOJAVE DESERT TORTOISE (GOPHERUS
AGASSIZII)
SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE connectivity; conservation; habitat fragmentation; least-cost corridor
ID CONSERVATION; HABITAT; FRAGMENTATION; CONNECTIVITY; EXTINCTION;
LANDSCAPES; VIABILITY; CLIMATE; UNITS
AB Conservation of Mojave Desert Tortoises is founded on a set of tortoise conservation areas (TCAs) established across the range of the species. Limitations of the existing reserve design and increasing development pressures on the intervening habitat matrix underscore the need to conserve linkages between existing TCAs. We modeled linkages between TCAs using least-cost corridors based on an underlying model of suitable tortoise habitat. Results indicate that TCAs contain 55% of total historic habitat (45,340 km(2)). A minimum linkage network would contain 16,282 km(2) of habitat (20% historic). This combined area of 61,622 km(2) represents an initial framework to develop a conservation network for the species, taking into account large areas of existing high-intensity human uses such as military operations and off-highway-vehicle recreation. Models that assume more permeable habitat to tortoise connectivity reveal much broader linkages, but approximately 700 km2 of habitat within the minimum linkages are already at risk of permanent habitat loss through solar energy development. Additional conservation of occupied habitat adjacent to the minimum linkages and existing TCAs would provide security against edge effects and population declines within conservation areas, especially given limitations in existing reserve architecture. Application of these linkage models will require refinement at the local level, and questions remain about the ultimate ability of a conservation network based on these models to support viable tortoise populations and accommodate climate change. Nevertheless, conservation decisions cannot be delayed while awaiting final answers to all relevant questions. In areas proposed for permanent habitat conversion, critical linkages may be severed before they are protected.
C1 [Averill-Murray, Roy C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Desert Tortoise Recovery Off, Reno, NV 89502 USA.
[Darst, Catherine R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Desert Tortoise Recovery Off, Ventura, CA USA.
[Strout, Nathan; Wong, Martin] Univ Redlands, Redlands Inst, Redlands, CA 92373 USA.
RP Averill-Murray, RC (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Desert Tortoise Recovery Off, Reno, NV 89502 USA.
EM roy_averill-murray@fws.gov
NR 59
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 38
PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY
PI CORVALLIS
PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA
SN 2151-0733
EI 1931-7603
J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO
JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 1
BP 1
EP 15
PG 15
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 256ZJ
UT WOS:000327352400001
ER
PT J
AU Halstead, BJ
Wylie, GD
Casazza, ML
AF Halstead, Brian J.
Wylie, Glenn D.
Casazza, Michael L.
TI EFFICACY OF TRAP MODIFICATIONS FOR INCREASING CAPTURE RATES OF AQUATIC
SNAKES IN FLOATING AQUATIC FUNNEL TRAPS
SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE California; capture probability; detection probability; garter snake;
Giant Gartersnake; imperfect detectability; sampling; Thamnophis gigas
ID DETECTION PROBABILITIES; AMPHIUMA-MEANS; VERTEBRATES; OCCUPANCY
AB Increasing detection and capture probabilities of rare or elusive herpetofauna of conservation concern is important to inform the scientific basis for their management and recovery. The Giant Gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) is an example of a secretive, wary, and generally difficult-to-sample species about which little is known regarding its patterns of occurrence and demography. We therefore evaluated modifications to existing traps to increase the detection and capture probabilities of the Giant Gartersnake to improve the precision with which occurrence, abundance, survival, and other demographic parameters are estimated. We found that adding a one-way valve constructed of cable ties to the small funnel opening of traps and adding hardware cloth extensions to the wide end of funnels increased capture rates of the Giant Gartersnake by 5.55 times (95% credible interval = 2.45-10.51) relative to unmodified traps. The effectiveness of these modifications was insensitive to the aquatic habitat type in which they were deployed. The snout-vent length of the smallest and largest captured snakes did not vary among trap modifications. These trap modifications are expected to increase detection and capture probabilities of the Giant Gartersnake, and show promise for increasing the precision with which demographic parameters can be estimated for this species. We anticipate that the trap modifications found effective in this study will be applicable to a variety of aquatic and semi-aquatic reptiles and amphibians and improve conservation efforts for these species.
C1 [Halstead, Brian J.; Wylie, Glenn D.; Casazza, Michael L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
RP Halstead, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
EM bhalstead@usgs.gov
OI casazza, Mike/0000-0002-5636-735X
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 9
PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY
PI CORVALLIS
PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA
SN 2151-0733
EI 1931-7603
J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO
JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 1
BP 65
EP 74
PG 10
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 256ZJ
UT WOS:000327352400006
ER
PT J
AU Mushet, DM
Euliss, NH
Chen, YJ
Stockwell, CA
AF Mushet, David M.
Euliss, Ned H., Jr.
Chen, Yongjiu
Stockwell, Craig A.
TI COMPLEX SPATIAL DYNAMICS MAINTAIN NORTHERN LEOPARD FROG (LITHOBATES
PIPIENS) GENETIC DIVERSITY IN A TEMPORALLY VARYING LANDSCAPE
SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE genetic diversity; microsatellites; Northern Leopard Frog; Prairie
Pothole Region
ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; RANA-PIPIENS; BUFO-BUFO; SOFTWARE; NUMBER;
IDENTIFICATION; FLUCTUATIONS; CONSERVATION; DISPERSAL; INFERENCE
AB In contrast to most local amphibian populations, northeastern populations of the Northern Leopard Frog (Lithobates pipiens) have displayed uncharacteristically high levels of genetic diversity that have been attributed to large, stable populations. However, this widely distributed species also occurs in areas known for great climatic fluctuations that should be reflected in corresponding fluctuations in population sizes and reduced genetic diversity. To test our hypothesis that Northern Leopard Frog genetic diversity would be reduced in areas subjected to significant climate variability, we examined the genetic diversity of L. pipiens collected from 12 sites within the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota. Despite the region's fluctuating climate that includes periods of recurring drought and deluge, we found unexpectedly high levels of genetic diversity approaching that of northeastern populations. Further, genetic structure at a landscape scale was strikingly homogeneous; genetic differentiation estimates (Dest) averaged 0.10 (SD = 0.036) across the six microsatellite loci we studied, and two Bayesian assignment tests (STRUCTURE and BAPS) failed to reveal the development of significant population structure across the 68 km breadth of our study area. These results suggest that L. pipiens in the Prairie Pothole Region consists of a large, panmictic population capable of maintaining high genetic diversity in the face of marked climate variability.
C1 [Mushet, David M.; Euliss, Ned H., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Mushet, David M.; Chen, Yongjiu; Stockwell, Craig A.] N Dakota State Univ, Environm & Conservat Sci Program, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
RP Mushet, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM dmushet@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service
through Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP-Wetlands)
FX We greatly appreciate the support we received for this effort from the
U.S. Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service
through their Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP-Wetlands).
We also thank William Clark and Anthony Nelson for assisting with DNA
extractions and PCRs of microsatellites; Alan Peckrul and the North
Dakota State University High Throughput Genetic Analysis Facility for
performing fragment analyses; and Scott McMurray and Robert Newman for
constructive comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. All work was
conducted under a study plan reviewed and approved by the USGS Northern
Prairie Wildlife Research Center's Animal Care and Use Committee. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 37
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 17
PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY
PI CORVALLIS
PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA
SN 2151-0733
EI 1931-7603
J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO
JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 1
BP 163
EP 175
PG 13
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 256ZJ
UT WOS:000327352400015
ER
PT J
AU Pilliod, DS
Welty, JL
Stafford, R
AF Pilliod, David S.
Welty, Justin L.
Stafford, Robert
TI TERRESTRIAL MOVEMENT PATTERNS OF WESTERN POND TURTLES (ACTINEMYS
MARMORATA) IN CENTRAL CALIFORNIA
SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Carrizo Plain Ecological Reserve; Chelonians; Emys marmorata; GIS; radio
telemetry
ID CLEMMYS-MARMORATA
AB We used radio telemetry to track the terrestrial movements and seasonal habitat use patterns of Western Pond Turtles (Actinemys marmorata) near two ponds in the Carrizo Plain Ecological Reserve, California, USA. We captured 93 turtles in September 2005 and, of these, we tagged three males and six females (weighing > 300 g) with external transmitters. Tagged turtles traveled from 255-1,096 m over the 448-day study, and we found none further than 343 m from ponds. All turtles moved away from the ponds as water levels receded in the fall, resulting in periods of terrestrial overwintering ranging from 10-30 weeks (74-202 d). We found no evidence for group migrations as turtles departed ponds over 2-8 week periods, moved in different directions from their ponds, and used different habitats. Turtles overwintered mainly in oak and chaparral vegetation communities, which constituted most of the local vegetation. We found overwintering turtles in a variety of microhabitats, but all turtles were on the surface with their carapace just visible amongst the duff layer. Turtles returned to ponds over several weeks, sometimes months after they refilled with winter rains. In the winter of 2006-2007, no turtles returned to terrestrial overwintering sites used the previous year. Most of the turtles we tracked spent over half of each year on land, demonstrating the importance of terrestrial habitats around these seasonal ponds. This pattern is similar to pond turtles living in streams (overwinter on land), as compared to permanent ponds (turtles often remain in water).
C1 [Pilliod, David S.; Welty, Justin L.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Stafford, Robert] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Los Osos, CA 93412 USA.
RP Pilliod, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
EM dpilliod@usgs.gov
FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife; Resource Assessment Program
through a federal State Wildlife Grant
FX We thank Patricia Anderson, Carolyn Rech, and the California Department
of Fish and Wildlife for initiating and supporting this project. Funding
was provided by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (formerly
California Department of Fish and Game), Resource Assessment Program
through a federal State Wildlife Grant. Morgan Ball, Jared Bigler, Craig
Fiehler, Jennifer Moonjian, Michael Pierce, and Martha Schauss assisted
with field work and other logistics of the project. Hart Welsh provided
helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Any use of
trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 6
U2 19
PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY
PI CORVALLIS
PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA
SN 2151-0733
EI 1931-7603
J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO
JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 1
BP 207
EP 221
PG 15
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 256ZJ
UT WOS:000327352400019
ER
PT J
AU Shultz, JM
Forbes, D
Wald, D
Kelly, F
Solo-Gabriele, HM
Rosen, A
Espinel, Z
McLean, A
Bernal, O
Neria, Y
AF Shultz, James M.
Forbes, David
Wald, David
Kelly, Fiona
Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.
Rosen, Alexa
Espinel, Zelde
McLean, Andrew
Bernal, Oscar
Neria, Yuval
TI Trauma Signature Analysis of the Great East Japan Disaster: Guidance for
Psychological Consequences
SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS
LA English
DT Article
DE trauma; disaster; trauma signature analysis; TSIG; disaster mental
health; psychosocial; resilience; evidence-based intervention
ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MENTAL-HEALTH-CARE; TSUNAMI-AFFECTED
AREAS; CHERNOBYL DISASTER; SOUTHERN THAILAND; VICTIMS SPEAK; SRI-LANKA;
EARTHQUAKE; EMERGENCY; SURVIVORS
AB Objectives: On March 11, 2011, Japan experienced the largest earthquake in its history. The undersea earthquake launched a tsunami that inundated much of Japan's eastern coastline and damaged nuclear power plants, precipitating multiple reactor meltdowns. We examined open-source disaster situation reports, news accounts, and disaster-monitoring websites to gather event-specific data to conduct a trauma signature analysis of the event.
Methods: The trauma signature analysis included a review of disaster situation reports; the construction of a hazard profile for the earthquake, tsunami, and radiation threats; enumeration of disaster stressors by disaster phase; identification of salient evidence-based psychological risk factors; summation of the trauma signature based on exposure to hazards, loss, and change; and review of the mental health and psychosocial support responses in relation to the analysis.
Results: Exposure to this triple-hazard event resulted in extensive damage, significant loss of life, and massive population displacement. Many citizens were exposed to multiple hazards. The extremity of these exposures was partially mitigated by Japan's timely, expert-coordinated, and unified activation of an evidence-based mental health response.
Conclusions: The eastern Japan disaster was notable for its unique constellation of compounding exposures. Examination of the trauma signature of this event provided insights and guidance regarding optimal mental health and psychosocial responses. Japan orchestrated a model response that reinforced community resilience.
C1 [Shultz, James M.; Rosen, Alexa; Espinel, Zelde] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, DEEP Ctr, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Forbes, David] Univ Melbourne, Australian Ctr Posttraumat Mental Hlth, Dept Psychiat, East Melbourne, Australia.
[Wald, David] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA.
[Wald, David] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Kelly, Fiona] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.] Univ Miami, Coll Engn, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[McLean, Andrew] Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Neurosci, Fargo, ND USA.
[Bernal, Oscar] Univ Andes, Publ Hlth Programs, Bogota, Colombia.
[Neria, Yuval] Columbia Univ, Trauma & PTSD Program, New York, NY USA.
[Neria, Yuval] New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10032 USA.
RP Shultz, JM (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, DEEP Ctr, 251 174 St,2319, Sunny Isles Beach, FL 33160 USA.
EM jshultz1@med.miami.edu
RI Kilic, Cengiz/I-9145-2013
NR 77
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 12
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1935-7893
J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC
JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 2
BP 201
EP 214
DI 10.1017/dmp.2013.21
PG 14
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 200AF
UT WOS:000323037100017
PM 24618172
ER
PT J
AU Carlson, CM
Schneider, JR
Wiepz, JK
Meyerett-Reid, CL
Zabel, MD
Pedersen, JA
Heisey, DM
Johnson, CJ
AF Carlson, Christina M.
Schneider, Jay R.
Wiepz, Jamie K.
Meyerett-Reid, Crystal L.
Zabel, Mark D.
Pedersen, Joel A.
Heisey, Dennis M.
Johnson, Christopher J.
TI Transmission of chronic wasting disease to meadow voles (Microtus
pennsylvanicus) results in multiple strains
SO PRION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Carlson, Christina M.; Pedersen, Joel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Carlson, Christina M.; Pedersen, Joel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Carlson, Christina M.; Pedersen, Joel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Carlson, Christina M.; Schneider, Jay R.; Wiepz, Jamie K.; Heisey, Dennis M.; Johnson, Christopher J.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Wiepz, Jamie K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Microbiol, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Meyerett-Reid, Crystal L.; Zabel, Mark D.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol, Prion Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Meyerett-Reid, Crystal L.; Zabel, Mark D.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Immunol, Prion Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Meyerett-Reid, Crystal L.; Zabel, Mark D.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Pathol, Prion Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Pedersen, Joel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Program Cellular & Mol Biol, Madison, WI USA.
RI Johnson, Christopher/B-1436-2009
OI Johnson, Christopher/0000-0003-4539-2581
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA
SN 1933-6896
J9 PRION
JI Prion
PD APR-MAY
PY 2013
VL 7
SU S
BP 37
EP 37
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 202LL
UT WOS:000323217500083
ER
PT J
AU McDonald, CP
Stets, EG
Striegl, RG
Butman, D
AF McDonald, Cory P.
Stets, Edward G.
Striegl, Robert G.
Butman, David
TI Inorganic carbon loading as a primary driver of dissolved carbon dioxide
concentrations in the lakes and reservoirs of the contiguous United
States
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE CO2 supersaturation; Air-water CO2 flux; Dissolved inorganic carbon
(DIC); Net ecosystem productivity (NEP)
ID WATER LAKES; TOTAL ALKALINITY; SURFACE WATERS; SUPERSATURATION;
ATMOSPHERE; EXCHANGE; HETEROTROPHY; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS; METHANE
AB Accurate quantification of CO2 flux across the air-water interface and identification of the mechanisms driving CO2 concentrations in lakes and reservoirs is critical to integrating aquatic systems into large-scale carbon budgets, and to predicting the response of these systems to changes in climate or terrestrial carbon cycling. Large-scale estimates of the role of lakes and reservoirs in the carbon cycle, however, typically must rely on aggregation of spatially and temporally inconsistent data from disparate sources. We performed a spatially comprehensive analysis of CO2 concentration and air-water fluxes in lakes and reservoirs of the contiguous United States using large, consistent data sets, and modeled the relative contribution of inorganic and organic carbon loading to vertical CO2 fluxes. Approximately 70% of lakes and reservoirs are supersaturated with respect to the atmosphere during the summer (June-September). Although there is considerable interregional and intraregional variability, lakes and reservoirs represent a net source of CO2 to the atmosphere of approximately 40 Gg C d(-1) during the summer. While in-lake CO2 concentrations correlate with indicators of in-lake net ecosystem productivity, virtually no relationship exists between dissolved organic carbon and pCO(2,aq). Modeling suggests that hydrologic dissolved inorganic carbon supports pCO(2,aq) in most supersaturated systems (to the extent that 12% of supersaturated systems simultaneously exhibit positive net ecosystem productivity), and also supports primary production in most CO2-undersaturated systems. Dissolved inorganic carbon loading appears to be an important determinant of CO2 concentrations and fluxes across the air-water interface in the majority of lakes and reservoirs in the contiguous United States.
C1 [McDonald, Cory P.; Stets, Edward G.; Striegl, Robert G.; Butman, David] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
[Butman, David] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA.
[McDonald, Cory P.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53716 USA.
RP McDonald, CP (reprint author), Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53716 USA.
EM cory.mcdonald@wisconsin.gov
OI Stets, Edward/0000-0001-5375-0196; McDonald, Cory/0000-0002-1208-8471
FU USGS Mendenhal postdoctoral fellowship; USGS LandCarbon Ecosystem Carbon
Sequestration Project
FX This work was supported by a USGS Mendenhal postdoctoral fellowship and
the USGS LandCarbon Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration Project. We thank
Brian Pellerin and two anonymous reviewers for useful comments, and
Sydney Wilson for assisting with Figure 2. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 54
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 2
U2 73
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 2
BP 285
EP 295
DI 10.1002/gbc.20032
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 188ZJ
UT WOS:000322236000002
ER
PT J
AU Hanley, KW
Wollheim, WM
Salisbury, J
Huntington, T
Aiken, G
AF Hanley, Kevin W.
Wollheim, Wilfred M.
Salisbury, Joseph
Huntington, Thomas
Aiken, George
TI Controls on dissolved organic carbon quantity and chemical character in
temperate rivers of North America
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE DOC; SUVA; Wetlands; Rivers
ID MACROPOROUS RESINS; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; MATTER EXPORT; COASTAL ZONE;
WATER; STREAM; TRANSPORT; WETLANDS; LAND; PHOTODEGRADATION
AB Understanding the processes controlling the transfer and chemical composition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in freshwater systems is crucial to understanding the carbon cycle and the effects of DOC on water quality. Previous studies have identified watershed-scale controls on bulk DOC flux and concentration among small basins but fewer studies have explored controls among large basins or simultaneously considered the chemical composition of DOC. Because the chemical character of DOC drives riverine biogeochemical processes such as metabolism and photodegradation, accounting for chemical character in watershed-scale studies will improve the way bulk DOC variability in rivers is interpreted. We analyzed DOC quantity and chemical character near the mouths of 17 large North American rivers, primarily between 2008 and 2010, and identified watershed characteristics that controlled variability. We quantified DOC chemical character using both specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA(254)) and XAD-resin fractionation. Mean DOC concentration ranged from 2.1 to 47 mg CL-1 and mean SUVA(254) ranged from 1.3 to 4.7 L mg C-1 m(-1). We found a significant positive correlation between basin wetland cover and both bulk DOC concentration (R-2 = 0.78; p < 0.0001) and SUVA(254) (R-2 = 0.91; p < 0.0001), while other land use characteristics were not correlated. The strong wetland relationship with bulk DOC concentration is similar to that found by others in small headwater catchments. However, two watersheds with extremely long surface water residence times, the Colorado and St. Lawrence, diverged from this wetland relationship. These results suggest that the role of riverine processes in altering the terrestrial DOC signal at the annual scale was minimal except in river systems with long surface water residence times. However, synoptic DOC sampling of both quantity and character throughout river networks will be needed to more rigorously test this finding. The inclusion of DOC chemical character will be vital to achieving a more complete understanding of bulk DOC dynamics in large river systems.
C1 [Hanley, Kevin W.; Wollheim, Wilfred M.] Univ New Hampshire, Water Syst Anal Grp, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Wollheim, Wilfred M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Salisbury, Joseph] Univ New Hampshire, Ocean Proc Anal Lab, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Huntington, Thomas] US Geol Survey, Augusta, ME USA.
[Aiken, George] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Hanley, KW (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Water Syst Anal Grp, Morse Hall,8 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM kwz22@wildcats.unh.edu
OI Huntington, Thomas/0000-0002-9427-3530
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX09AU89G, NNH04AA62I,
NNH08A1571]; U.S. Geological Survey's NASQAN; NAWQA; Climate and Land
Use Change Program; National Research Programs
FX We are grateful to S. Glidden, A. Prusevich, and R. Stewart for data
processing assistance, to C. Crawford (USGS) and the field teams of the
USGS National Stream Quality Accounting Network and National Water
Quality Assessment programs for assistance in fieldwork, and to K.
Butler for laboratory assistance. This work was funded by National
Aeronautics and Space Administration grants NNX09AU89G, NNH04AA62I, and
NNH08A1571 as well as the U.S. Geological Survey's NASQAN, NAWQA,
Climate and Land Use Change Program, and National Research Programs.
This research was completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of MS in Earth Science at the University of New
Hampshire. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 78
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U1 4
U2 74
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 2
BP 492
EP 504
DI 10.1002/gbc.20044
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 188ZJ
UT WOS:000322236000018
ER
PT J
AU Poole, AK
Novosak, BA
Gooley, AC
Ing, DM
Bluett, RD
Carter, TC
Feldhamer, GA
AF Poole, Aaron K.
Novosak, Brian A.
Gooley, Aaron C.
Ing, David M.
Bluett, Robert D.
Carter, Timothy C.
Feldhamer, George A.
TI Reintroduction of the Eastern Woodrat (Neotoma floridana) in Southern
Illinois
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID BAYLISASCARIS-PROCYONIS; CONSERVATION; TRANSLOCATION; RELOCATION;
MOVEMENTS; SURVIVAL; MAMMALS
AB Populations of Neotoma floridana (Eastern Woodrat) are decreasing in parts of their geographic range in the southeastern United States, and the species is state-endangered in Illinois. Once found throughout the Shawnee Hills region of southern Illinois, woodrats were restricted to four known populations in Jackson and Union counties by the late 1980s. We used reintroductions to establish viable populations of Eastern Woodrats at previously occupied sites in Illinois. From April 2003 through March 2009, we released 422 Eastern Woodrats live trapped in Arkansas and Missouri into 5 historically occupied sites in southeastern Illinois. Recapture rate 1 month after release was 12.5%. The continued presence of woodrats at release sites, reproduction, and wide dispersal beyond reintroduction sites all suggest preliminary success of the reintroduction of this r-selected species.
C1 [Poole, Aaron K.; Novosak, Brian A.; Gooley, Aaron C.; Ing, David M.; Feldhamer, George A.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Poole, Aaron K.] Southeastern Illinois Coll, Div Math & Sci, Harrisburg, IL 62946 USA.
[Novosak, Brian A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Las Vegas, NV 89130 USA.
[Gooley, Aaron C.] So Illinois Univ, Cooperat Wildlife Res Lab, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Ing, David M.] John A Logan Coll, Dept Life Sci, Carterville, IL 62918 USA.
[Bluett, Robert D.] Illinois Dept Nat Resources, Springfield, IL 62702 USA.
[Carter, Timothy C.] Ball State Univ, Dept Biol, Muncie, IN 47306 USA.
RP Feldhamer, GA (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
EM feldhamer@zoology.siu.edu
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service [W-135-R]; Department of Zoology at
Southern Illinois University Carbondale [W-135-R]; Illinois Department
of Natural Resources [W-135-R]
FX This project was funded in part by Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration
Project W-135-R, a cooperative effort among the US Fish and Wildlife
Service, Illinois Department of Natural Resources, and the Department of
Zoology at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. D. Woolard, B.
Steffen, and J. Hammersley were instrumental in capture, release, and
monitoring efforts. We also thank C. Bartman, D. Corgiat, J. Gaffney, M.
Hilton, J. Hubert, A. Hulin, J. Kath, J. Kube, R. Lindsay, D. Ludwig, M.
Murphy, P. Shelton, and S. Widowski for their assistance.
NR 44
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U1 3
U2 17
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 1
BP 1
EP 10
DI 10.1656/058.012.0101
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 184DY
UT WOS:000321868900001
ER
PT J
AU Moskwik, M
Thom, T
Barnhill, LM
Watson, C
Koches, J
Kilgo, J
Hulslander, B
Degarady, C
Peters, G
AF Moskwik, Matthew
Thom, Theresa
Barnhill, Laurel M.
Watson, Craig
Koches, Jennifer
Kilgo, John
Hulslander, Bill
Degarady, Colette
Peters, Gary
TI Search Efforts for Ivory-billed Woodpecker in South Carolina
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID CAMPEPHILUS-PRINCIPALIS PERSISTS; CONTINENTAL NORTH-AMERICA; EXTINCTION
AB Following the reported rediscovery of Campephilus principalis (Ivory-billed Woodpecker) in Arkansas, we initiated searches in South Carolina in February 2006, with additional searches in the winter and spring of 2006-2007 and 2007-2008, concentrating in the Congaree, Santee, and Pee Dee river basins. We accrued a cumulative total of 8893 survey hours. We found suggestive evidence in the form of visual and acoustic encounters, but failed to document conclusive evidence. Based on our search results, we believe it is unlikely that a population of Ivory-billed Woodpeckers persists in Congaree National Park and found limited evidence for their presence on other public lands in South Carolina. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that a small, nomadic population persists in the state.
C1 [Moskwik, Matthew] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78713 USA.
[Thom, Theresa] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hardeeville, SC 29927 USA.
[Barnhill, Laurel M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Watson, Craig; Koches, Jennifer] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Charleston, SC 29407 USA.
[Kilgo, John] USDA, So Res Stn, Forest Serv Savannah River, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA.
[Degarady, Colette] Nature Conservancy, Mt Pleasant, SC 29464 USA.
[Peters, Gary] Natl Wild Turkey Federat, Prosperity, SC 29127 USA.
RP Moskwik, M (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, 1 Univ Stn A6700, Austin, TX 78713 USA.
EM mpmoskwik@austin.utexas.edu
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; National Park Service; USDA Forest
Service; Nature Conservancy; South Carolina Department of Natural
Resources; South Carolina Ivory-billed Woodpecker Working Group; Cornell
Lab of Ornithology
FX This work was made possible through grants and contributions from the US
Fish and Wildlife Service, National Park Service, USDA Forest Service,
The Nature Conservancy, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources,
South Carolina Ivory-billed Woodpecker Working Group, Cornell Lab of
Ornithology, and numerous volunteers and staff. Special thanks to crew
members Matt Drury, John Sargent, Gordon Gover, Jeremy Mizel, James
Fuller, John Treasure, Amy Leist, Zach Nelson, Katie Martin, and Brett
Hubbard. Additionally, many thanks go to the Cornell Mobile Team:
Martjan Lammertink, Utami Setiorini, Nathan Banfield, and Chris
McCafferty.
NR 29
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U2 26
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
EI 1938-5412
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 1
BP 73
EP 84
DI 10.1656/058.012.0106
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 184DY
UT WOS:000321868900006
ER
PT J
AU Helms, BS
Figiel, C
Rivera, J
Stoeckel, J
Stanton, G
Keller, TA
AF Helms, Brian S.
Figiel, Chester
Rivera, John
Stoeckel, Jim
Stanton, George
Keller, Troy A.
TI Life-History Observations, Environmental Associations, and Soil
Preferences of the Piedmont Blue Burrower (Cambarus [Depressicambarus]
harti) Hobbs
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID DIOGENES GIRARD; UNITED-STATES; 1846 DECAPODA; SEX-RATIOS; CRAYFISH;
CONSERVATION; DYNAMICS; ERICHSON; GEORGIA
AB Cambarus (Depressicambarus) harti (Piedmont Blue Burrower) is a state-endangered primary burrowing crayfish found in highly organic soils associated with seepage areas only in Meriwether Country, GA. As is the case with many native burrowing crayfishes, virtually nothing is known about the biology and ecology of this species. To help fill this gap, the current study provides information on population demographics, environmental correlates of activity, burrowing behavior, and habitat fidelity of C. harti. Field surveys from the type locality revealed that crayfish could be found throughout the year, with a near 3:1 ratio of female to male adults captured, an ovigerous female found in June, and the highest number of small juveniles found in August. Adults were not found together in burrows; however, juveniles were often found sharing the burrows of females. Burrowing activity was generally higher in the summer than winter, and also increased with receding groundwater levels. Based on observations and experiments with artificial burrowing chambers (ABCs), the burrows of C. harti followed a predictable form and were often capped with at least one chimney of seemingly deliberate construction. Total burrow area and mean chimney pellet diameter increased with crayfish size. It appeared that C. harti will burrow in other soils, but displays a strong affinity to its type-locality soils particularly below groundwater level. Observations from a communal ABC revealed that adults use burrows to brood young and will share burrows with other adults for a period of time, possibly during burrow construction and/or times of disturbance, but eventually tend to segregate to solitary occupancy. Taken together, these data offer insight into the biology and ecology of this highly endemic and elusive animal that will be useful for management and conservation efforts and provide much-needed scientific information about burrowing crayfishes in general.
C1 [Helms, Brian S.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Figiel, Chester] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Warm Springs Fish Technol Ctr, Warm Springs, GA 31830 USA.
[Rivera, John; Stanton, George] Columbus State Univ, Dept Biol, Columbus, GA 31907 USA.
[Stoeckel, Jim] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Keller, Troy A.] Columbus State Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Environm Sci Program, Columbus, GA 31907 USA.
RP Helms, BS (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM HELMSBS@auburn.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0949624]; USFWS Warm Springs National
Fish Hatchery; Georgia Department of Natural Resources; Columbus State
University
FX Funding was provided by USFWS Warm Springs National Fish Hatchery,
Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Columbus State University, and
the National Science Foundation (DEB 0949624). Sacrificed experimental
animals were deposited in the Auburn University Museum of Natural
History. We thank Chris Skelton, Christian Cruzen, Catlin Ames, Ian
Palmer, Michael Hart, and Ray Henry for sharing their research ideas and
time in the field and/or lab. Use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by any of
the authors or their affiliated institutions. This paper is Contribution
No. 683 of the Auburn University Museum of Natural History.
NR 33
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U1 0
U2 19
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 1
BP 143
EP 160
DI 10.1656/058.012.0112
PG 18
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 184DY
UT WOS:000321868900012
ER
PT J
AU Dekar, MP
Magoulick, DD
AF Dekar, Matthew P.
Magoulick, Daniel D.
TI Effects of Predators on Fish and Crayfish Survival in Intermittent
Streams
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID HEADWATER STREAMS; HABITAT SELECTION; DEPTH; POOLS; BIRDS; RIVER; FIELD;
PREY; COMMUNITIES; VEGETATION
AB Predation from aquatic and terrestrial predators arc important factors structuring the size and depth distribution of aquatic prey. We conducted mesocosm and tethering experiments on Little Mulberry Creek in northwest Arkansas during low flows to examine the effects of predators on fish and crayfish survival in intermittent streams Using shallow artificial pools (10 cm deep) and predator exclusions, we tested the hypothesis that large-bodied fish are at greater risk from terrestrial predators in shallow habitats compared to small-bodied individuals. Twenty-four circular pools (12 open top. 12 closed top) were stocked with two size classes of Campostoma anomalum (Central Stonerller) and deployed systematically in a single stream pool. In addition, we used a crayfish tethering experiment to test the hypothesis that the survival of small and large crayfish is greater in shallow and deep habitats, respectively. We tethered two size classes of Orconectes meeki meeki (Meek's Crayfish) along shallow and deep transects in two adjacent stream pools and measured survival for 15 days. During both experiments, we monitored the presence or absence of predators by visual observation and from scat surveys. We demonstrated a negative effect of terrestrial predators on Central Stonerller survival in the artificial pools, and larger individuals were more susceptible to predation. In contrast, small crayfish experienced low survival at all depths and large crayfish were preyed upon much less intensively during the tethering study, particularly in the pool with larger substrate. More studies are needed to understand how stream drying and environmental heterogeneity influence the complex interactions between predator and prey populations in intermittent streams.
C1 [Dekar, Matthew P.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Magoulick, Daniel D.] Univ Arkansas, USGS, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
RP Dekar, MP (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM Matthew_Dekar@fws.gov
FU Arkansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; University of
Arkansas; Arkansas Game and Fish Commission; United States Geological
Survey; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank G. Huxel, J. Ludlam, and K. Morgan for assistance in the field.
We are grateful for the comments provided by J. Ludlam, B. Wagner, and
two anonymous reviewers that improved this manuscript. Additional thanks
to P. Kowalewycz and the United States Forest Service for river access
and camping facilities. Partial funding for this study was provided by
the Arkansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit in conjunction
with the University of Arkansas, the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission,
the United States Geological Survey, and the Wildlife Management
Institute. The use of trade, product, industry, or firm names or
products or software or models, whether commercially available or not,
is for informative purposes only and does not constitute an endorsement
by the US Government or the US Geological Survey.
NR 30
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U1 5
U2 38
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 1
BP 197
EP 208
DI 10.1656/058.012.0115
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 184DY
UT WOS:000321868900015
ER
PT J
AU Thogmartin, WE
Sanders-Reed, CA
Szymanski, JA
McKann, PC
Pruitt, L
King, RA
Runge, MC
Russell, RE
AF Thogmartin, Wayne E.
Sanders-Reed, Carol A.
Szymanski, Jennifer A.
McKann, Patrick C.
Pruitt, Lori
King, R. Andrew
Runge, Michael C.
Russell, Robin E.
TI White-nose syndrome is likely to extirpate the endangered Indiana bat
over large parts of its range
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bats; Demographic model; Endangered species; Extinction risk; Fungus;
Geomyces destructans; Myotis sodalis; WNS
ID POPULATION-GROWTH RATE; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; MYOTIS-SODALIS;
METAPOPULATION MODELS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE;
EPTESICUS-FUSCUS; EXTINCTION RISK; CONSERVATION; DYNAMICS
AB White-nose syndrome, a novel fungal pathogen spreading quickly through cave-hibernating bat species in east and central North America, is responsible for killing millions of bats. We developed a stochastic, stage-based population model to forecast the population dynamics of the endangered Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) subject to white-nose syndrome. Our population model explicitly incorporated environmentally imposed annual variability in survival and reproductive rates and demographic stochasticity in predictions of extinction. With observed rates of disease spread, >90% of wintering populations were predicted to experience white-nose syndrome within 20 years, causing the proportion of populations at the quasi-extinction threshold of less than 250 females to increase by 33.9% over 50 years. At the species' lowest median population level, ca. year 2022, we predicted 13.7% of the initial population to remain, totaling 28,958 females (95% Cl = 13,330; 92,335). By 2022, only 12 of the initial 52 wintering populations were expected to possess wintering populations of >250 females. If the species can acquire immunity to the disease, we predict 3.7% of wintering populations to be above 250 females after 50 years (year 2057) after a 69% decline in abundance (from 210,741 to 64,768 [95% Cl = 49,386; 85,360] females). At the nadir of projections, we predicted regional quasi-extirpation of wintering populations in 2 of 4 Recovery Units while in a third region, where the species is currently most abundant, >95% of the wintering populations were predicted to be below 250 females. Our modeling suggests white-nose syndrome is capable of bringing about severe numerical reduction in population size and local and regional extirpation of the Indiana bat. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Thogmartin, Wayne E.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Sanders-Reed, Carol A.; McKann, Patrick C.] IAP World Serv, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Szymanski, Jennifer A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Endangered Species Program, US Fish & Wildlife Resource Ctr, Onalaska, WI 54650 USA.
[Pruitt, Lori; King, R. Andrew] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Endangered Species Program, Bloomington Field Off, Bloomington, IN 47403 USA.
[Runge, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Russell, Robin E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Thogmartin, WE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM wthogmartin@usgs.gov; carolsr@swcp.com; pmckann@usgs.gov;
lori_pruitt@fws.gov; andrew_king@fws.gov; mrunge@usgs.gov;
rerussell@usgs.gov
RI Runge, Michael/E-7331-2011; Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008;
OI Runge, Michael/0000-0002-8081-536X; Thogmartin,
Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279; Russell, Robin/0000-0001-8726-7303
NR 100
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U1 11
U2 168
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 160
BP 162
EP 172
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.01.010
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 168DA
UT WOS:000320684700018
ER
PT J
AU Velpuri, NM
Senay, GB
AF Velpuri, N. M.
Senay, G. B.
TI Analysis of long-term trends (1950-2009) in precipitation, runoff and
runoff coefficient in major urban watersheds in the United States
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE precipitation; urban runoff; climate; human impact; Mann-Kendall
ID CASCADE MOUNTAINS; STREAMFLOW TRENDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAND-USE; USA;
TEMPERATURE; OREGON; IMPACT; CANADA
AB This study investigates the long-term trends in precipitation, runoff and runoff coefficient in major urban watersheds in the United States. The seasonal Mann-Kendall trend test was performed on monthly precipitation, runoff and runoff coefficient data from 1950 to 2009 obtained from 62 urban watersheds covering 21 major urban centers in the United States. The results indicate that only five out of 21 urban centers in the United States showed an uptrend in precipitation. Twelve urban centers showed an uptrend in runoff coefficient. However, six urban centers did not show any trend in runoff coefficient, and three urban centers showed a significant downtrend. The highest rate of change in precipitation, runoff and runoff coefficient was observed in the Houston urban watershed. Based on the results obtained, we also attributed plausible causes for the trends. Our analysis indicated that while a human only influence is observed in most of the urban watersheds, a combined climate and human influence is observed in the central United States.
C1 [Velpuri, N. M.] US Geol Survey, ASRC Res & Technol Solut ARTS, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Senay, G. B.] USGS EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
RP Velpuri, NM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, ASRC Res & Technol Solut ARTS, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
EM nvelpuri@usgs.gov
RI Velpuri, Naga Manohar/A-5193-2013
OI Velpuri, Naga Manohar/0000-0002-6370-1926
FU US Geological Survey (USGS) [G08PC91508, G10PC00044]
FX This work was performed under US Geological Survey (USGS) contract
G08PC91508 and G10PC00044 in support of the WaterSMART project. The
authors are grateful to the journal editor and two anonymous reviewers
for their constructive and helpful comments to improve the manuscript.
The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this paper is for the
information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute
an official endorsement or approval by the United States Geological
Survey.
NR 34
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U1 1
U2 42
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 2
AR 024020
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024020
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 178DU
UT WOS:000321425100024
ER
PT J
AU Williams, BK
Johnson, FA
AF Williams, Byron K.
Johnson, Fred A.
TI Confronting dynamics and uncertainty in optimal decision making for
conservation
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive management; conservation planning; decision analysis;
optimization; robustness; uncertainty
ID NATURAL-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; ACTIVE ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT;
SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; OPTIMAL FIRE MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ENVIRONMENTAL-MANAGEMENT;
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; HABITAT MANAGEMENT
AB The effectiveness of conservation efforts ultimately depends on the recognition that decision making, and the systems that it is designed to affect, are inherently dynamic and characterized by multiple sources of uncertainty. To cope with these challenges, conservation planners are increasingly turning to the tools of decision analysis, especially dynamic optimization methods. Here we provide a general framework for optimal, dynamic conservation and then explore its capacity for coping with various sources and degrees of uncertainty. In broadest terms, the dynamic optimization problem in conservation is choosing among a set of decision options at periodic intervals so as to maximize some conservation objective over the planning horizon. Planners must account for immediate objective returns, as well as the effect of current decisions on future resource conditions and, thus, on future decisions. Undermining the effectiveness of such a planning process are uncertainties concerning extant resource conditions (partial observability), the immediate consequences of decision choices (partial controllability), the outcomes of uncontrolled, environmental drivers (environmental variation), and the processes structuring resource dynamics (structural uncertainty). Where outcomes from these sources of uncertainty can be described in terms of probability distributions, a focus on maximizing the expected objective return, while taking state-specific actions, is an effective mechanism for coping with uncertainty. When such probability distributions are unavailable or deemed unreliable, a focus on maximizing robustness is likely to be the preferred approach. Here the idea is to choose an action (or state-dependent policy) that achieves at least some minimum level of performance regardless of the (uncertain) outcomes. We provide some examples of how the dynamic optimization problem can be framed for problems involving management of habitat for an imperiled species, conservation of a critically endangered population through captive breeding, control of invasive species, construction of biodiversity reserves, design of landscapes to increase habitat connectivity, and resource exploitation. Although these decision making problems and their solutions present significant challenges, we suggest that a systematic and effective approach to dynamic decision making in conservation need not be an onerous undertaking. The requirements are shared with any systematic approach to decision making-a careful consideration of values, actions, and outcomes.
C1 [Williams, Byron K.] US Geol Survey, Cooperat Res Units, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Johnson, Fred A.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Williams, BK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cooperat Res Units, 12202 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM kwilliams@wildlife.org
FU US Geological Survey
FX We thank Drs Vanessa Adams, Michael Bode, and Edward Game for
encouraging us to submit a manuscript for this focus issue. We are
grateful to Dr James Nichols for useful discussions and for contributing
ideas for this manuscript. Funding for this research was provided by the
US Geological Survey. We thank three anonymous reviewers and the
editorial board for suggestions that improved the manuscript. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names in this paper is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 152
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U1 7
U2 95
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 2
AR 025004
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/025004
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 178DU
UT WOS:000321425100051
ER
PT J
AU Wu, YP
Liu, SG
Sohl, TL
Young, CJ
AF Wu, Yiping
Liu, Shuguang
Sohl, Terry L.
Young, Claudia J.
TI Projecting the land cover change and its environmental impacts in the
Cedar River Basin in the Midwestern United States
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE biofuel production; land cover change; hydrological process; SWAT; water
quantity and quality
ID WATER ASSESSMENT-TOOL; SWAT MODEL; BIOENERGY CROP; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; CELLULOSIC ETHANOL; SOUTHERN CHINA; SOIL; QUALITY;
MANAGEMENT
AB The physical surface of the Earth is in constant change due to climate forcing and human activities. In the Midwestern United States, urban area, farmland, and dedicated energy crop (e.g., switchgrass) cultivation are predicted to expand in the coming decades, which will lead to changes in hydrological processes. This study is designed to (1) project the land use and land cover (LULC) by mid-century using the FORecasting SCEnarios of future land-use (FORE-SCE) model under the A1B greenhouse gas emission scenario (future condition) and (2) assess its potential impacts on the water cycle and water quality against the 2001 baseline condition in the Cedar River Basin using the physically based soil and water assessment tool (SWAT). We compared the baseline LULC (National Land Cover data 2001) and 2050 projection, indicating substantial expansions of urban area and pastureland (including the cultivation of bioenergy crops) and a decrease in rangeland. We then used the above two LULC maps as the input data to drive the SWAT model, keeping other input data (e. g., climate) unchanged to isolate the LULC change impacts. The modeling results indicate that quick-response surface runoff would increase significantly (about 10.5%) due to the projected urban expansion (i.e., increase in impervious areas), and the baseflow would decrease substantially (about 7.3%) because of the reduced infiltration. Although the net effect may cause an increase in water yield, the increased variability may impede its use for public supply. Additionally, the cultivation of bioenergy crops such as switchgrass in the newly added pasture lands may further reduce the soil water content and lead to an increase in nitrogen loading (about 2.5% increase) due to intensified fertilizer application. These study results will be informative to decision makers for sustainable water resource management when facing LULC change and an increasing demand for biofuel production in this area.
C1 [Wu, Yiping] US Geol Survey, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Liu, Shuguang; Sohl, Terry L.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Liu, Shuguang] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Young, Claudia J.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Technol Inc, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Wu, YP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM ywu@usgs.gov; sliu@usgs.gov
RI Wu, Yiping/D-2276-2012;
OI Wu, Yiping/0000-0002-5163-0884; Sohl, Terry/0000-0002-9771-4231
FU NASA Land Cover and Land Use Change Program [NNH07ZDA001N]; Land Carbon
Project (GEMS Modeling); US Geological Survey Geographic Analysis and
Monitoring (GAM) Program; USGS [G08PC91508]
FX This study was funded by the NASA Land Cover and Land Use Change Program
(Grant NNH07ZDA001N), Land Carbon Project (GEMS Modeling), and US
Geological Survey Geographic Analysis and Monitoring (GAM) Program. This
work was performed under the USGS contract G08PC91508. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US Government. The authors are grateful to
internal reviewers Thomas Adamson (Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies, a
contractor to USGS EROS), Zhengxi Tan (ASRC Research and Technology
Solutions, a contractor to USGS EROS), and Sandra Cooper (USGS) for
their careful and valuable comments. The authors are also grateful to
three anonymous journal reviewers for their constructive comments and
suggestions.
NR 85
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 5
U2 57
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 2
AR 024025
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024025
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 178DU
UT WOS:000321425100029
ER
PT J
AU Panek, FM
Weis, JS
AF Panek, Frank M.
Weis, Judith S.
TI Diet of the Eastern Mudminnow (Umbra pygmaea DeKay) from Two
Geographically Distinct Populations within the North American Native
Range
SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID DETRITUS; GROWTH; SELECTION; STREAM; SIZE
AB Umbra pygmaea (Eastern Mudminnow) is a freshwater species common in Atlantic slope coastal lowlands from southern New York to northern Florida and is typical of slow-moving, mud-bottomed, and highly vegetated streams, swamps, and small ponds. We examined its seasonal food habits at the Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), NJ and at the Croatan National Forest, NC. A total of 147 Eastern Mudminnow from 35-112 mm TL and 190 Eastern Mudminnow from 22-89 mm TL were examined from these sites, respectively. At both locations, we found it to be a bottom-feeding generalist that consumes cladocerans, ostracods, chironomid larvae, coleopteran larvae, and other insects and crustaceans. Ostracods were most common in the diet at the Great Swamp NWR and occurred in 62% +/- 2.5% of the stomachs with food. At Croatan National Forest, chironomid larvae were most common and occurred in 66.7% +/- 15.8% of the stomachs. There were no statistically significant differences in diet composition between the sites during the winter, summer, and fall. However, when compared on an annual basis, Jaccard's Index (theta(J) = 0.636, P = 0.05) suggested that the diet at the two study sites was significantly different. While we identified the same major food groups at both locations, the utilization of these food groups varied seasonally. Detritus was a major stomach content at both locations throughout the year. We also documented cannibalism during the summer season at both locations. The seasonal diet of the Eastern Mudminnow was similar to that of Umbra limi (Central Mudminnow) and Umbra krameri (European Mudminnow). Our findings here are the first quantitative examinations of seasonal differences in the diet of the Eastern Mudminnow within its native North American range.
C1 [Panek, Frank M.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25420 USA.
[Weis, Judith S.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
RP Panek, FM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25420 USA.
EM fpanek@usgs.gov
FU Sigma Xi - The Scientific Research Society
FX Sincere appreciation is expressed to the late James D. Anderson for his
support and guidance during the early stages of this work and to Claire
E. Ryan-Panek for her support with the fieldwork. The cooperation of the
New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife, the US Fish and Wildlife
Service, and the staffs at the Great Swamp NWR and Croatan National
Forest is greatly appreciated. We also would like to thank Steve W. Ross
and Fred C. Rohde for collections in Croatan National Forest. Several
scientists and the editor made valuable comments and suggestions during
manuscript review. This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid of
Research from Sigma Xi - The Scientific Research Society. Disclaimer:
Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the
US Government.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 6
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1092-6194
J9 NORTHEAST NAT
JI Northeast. Nat
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 20
IS 1
BP 37
EP 48
DI 10.1656/045.020.0103
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 179ZY
UT WOS:000321563500003
ER
PT J
AU Vos, SM
Ribic, CA
AF Vos, Susan M.
Ribic, Christine A.
TI Nesting Success of Grassland Birds in Oak Barrens and Dry Prairies in
West Central Wisconsin
SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE; BREEDING BIRDS; UNITED-STATES; TALLGRASS
PRAIRIE; AREA SENSITIVITY; PATCH SIZE; VEGETATION; SPARROWS; SURVIVAL;
PATTERNS
AB We investigated nesting success of grassland birds on dry prairie and oak barrens patches embedded within a forested matrix on Fort McCoy Military Installation. We monitored 280 nests of 9 grassland-bird species from mid-May to late July 2000-2002. Pooecetes gramineus (Vesper Sparrow) and Ammodramus savannarum (Grasshopper Sparrow) were the most abundant nesting species. Vesper Sparrow nest densities were highest on smaller grassland patches, while Grasshopper Sparrow nest densities were highest on the largest patches. Probability of fledging at least one young was 0.20 for Vesper Sparrow. For Grasshopper Sparrow, daily nest survival was higher for nests placed away from trees; probability of fledging at least one young was 0.28 for nests away from trees and 0.05 for nests near trees. Maintaining remnant native habitats is important, and management of woody features may help improve habitat quality for some grassland birds in Wisconsin.
C1 [Vos, Susan M.] DPTMS DES IMNW MCY PLT, Rd Ft McCoy, WI 54656 USA.
[Ribic, Christine A.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Ribic, CA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM caribic@wisc.edu
FU US Department of Defense Legacy Project; University of Tennessee;
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; US Geological Survey
Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit
FX We thank the staff biologists at Fort McCoy for their invaluable help:
K. Mello, D. Beckmann, B. Friedl, and T. Wilder. We would like to
acknowledge the radio staff in Range Control and the schedulers M.
Stelzner (Ranger) and D. Wetuski (Ski), and T. Hoff for coordinating
with the field team and providing invaluable guidance while conducting
research on Fort McCoy. In addition, we would like to thank the
technicians involved in the study: M. Guzy, T. Backus, A. Weber, J.
Cianciolo, D. Williams, M. Weindant, K. Ruekheim, K. Sash, K. Repyack,
L. Braggs, and D. Jones. D. Sample provided important advice in
establishing this project. We thank R. Koford, D. Rugg, and two
anonymous reviewers for their comments on previous versions of this
manuscript. This work was supported by the US Department of Defense
Legacy Project as a subcontract with the University of Tennessee;
additional funding was provided by the Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources and the US Geological Survey Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife
Research Unit. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not
constitute endorsement for use by the US Government. We thank the
Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of
Wisconsin-Madison, for assistance with publication expenses.
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 17
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1092-6194
EI 1938-5307
J9 NORTHEAST NAT
JI Northeast. Nat
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 20
IS 1
BP 131
EP 142
DI 10.1656/045.020.0110
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 179ZY
UT WOS:000321563500009
ER
PT J
AU DeStefano, S
Koenen, KKG
Pereira, JW
AF DeStefano, Stephen
Koenen, Kiana K. G.
Pereira, Jillian W.
TI Common Loon Incubates Rocks as Surrogates for Eggs
SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID STONES; NESTS; RAFTS
AB A nesting Gavia immer (Common Loon) was discovered incubating 2 rocks on a floating nest platform on the Quabbin reservoir in central Massachusetts for 43 days, well beyond the typical period of 28 days, before we moved in to investigate. The rocks were likely unearthed in the soil and vegetation used on the platform to create a more natural substrate for the nest. We suggest sifting through soil and vegetation to remove rocks before placing material on nest platforms.
C1 [DeStefano, Stephen] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Koenen, Kiana K. G.] Massachusetts Dept Conservat & Recreat, Div Water Supply Protect, Belchertown, MA 01007 USA.
[Pereira, Jillian W.] Massachusetts Dept Conservat & Recreat, Div Water Supply Protect, West Boylston, MA 01583 USA.
RP DeStefano, S (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM sdestef@eco.umass.edu
FU Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, Massachusetts Division
of Marine Fisheries, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, US Fish and
Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank Daniel Clark, Kyle McCarthy, Jean-Pierre L. Savard, and two
anonymous referees for reviewing the manuscript. The US Geological
Survey's Massachusetts Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
supported by the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife,
Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, University of
Massachusetts-Amherst, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and Wildlife
Management Institute.
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 9
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1092-6194
J9 NORTHEAST NAT
JI Northeast. Nat
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 20
IS 1
BP 143
EP 147
DI 10.1656/045.020.0111
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 179ZY
UT WOS:000321563500010
ER
PT J
AU Perry, MC
Olsen, GH
Richards, RA
Osenton, PC
AF Perry, Matthew C.
Olsen, Glenn H.
Richards, R. Anne
Osenton, Peter C.
TI Predation on Dovekies by Goosefish over Deep Water in the Northwest
Atlantic Ocean
SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-TAILED DUCKS; LOPHIUS-AMERICANUS; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; NANTUCKET
SHOALS; ANGLERFISH; ECOLOGY
AB Fourteen Alle alle (Dovekie) were recovered from the stomachs of 14 Lophius americanus (Goosefish) caught during winter and spring 2007-2010. All fish were caught in gill nets set at depths of 85-151 m (276-491 ft) 104-150 km (65-94 mi) south of Chatham, MA. Dovekies showed few signs of digestion by the fish, indicating recent capture. Post mortem revealed no cause of mortality. Capture of birds by fish so far from shore and in deep water leads to speculation that the birds were preyed on by Goosefish at or near the surface. Evidence from electronic tagging of Goosefish suggests that Goosefish vertical migrations could bring them into contact with Dovekies feeding offshore. If Goosefish are concentrated during onshore-offshore migrations and Dovekies are concentrated for feeding on prey patches, predation by Goosefish on Dovekies could be episodically important.
C1 [Perry, Matthew C.; Olsen, Glenn H.; Osenton, Peter C.] USGS, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Richards, R. Anne] NOAA, NMFS, NEFSC, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Perry, MC (reprint author), USGS, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM mperry@usgs.gov
FU Massachusetts Audubon Society; Mineral Management Services
FX Staff of the Cooperative Research Program of the Cape Cod Commercial
Hook and Fishermen's Association (North Chatham, MA), especially E.
Brazer, Jr., P. Parker, M. Sanderson, and L. Slifka, were very helpful
in storing and mailing fish and birds for the project. Northeast
Fisheries Science Center staff that assisted included D. Palka and G.
Shield. Gillnetters who assisted by providing fish with birds included
R. Crowell, D. Fenny, M. Linnell, G. Nickerson, J. Our, K. Tolley, R.
Tolley, and D. Vlacich. Massachusetts Audubon Society provided travel
funds as part of a project financed by Mineral Management Services.
Assistance with Dovekie food habits analyses and post-mortem
examinations included C. Bermudez, C. Caldwell, M. Gutierrez, and C.
Kilchenstein. William Blount of Nantucket Island gave information about
the predatory nature of Goosefish. Technical advice and assistance were
provided by T. Allison, A. Berlin, L. Garrett, E. Holmes, L. Jordan, R.
Kennedy, S. Perkins, B. Truitt, R. Veit, J. Weske, T. White, and D.
Ziolkowski.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 12
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1092-6194
J9 NORTHEAST NAT
JI Northeast. Nat
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 20
IS 1
BP 148
EP 154
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 179ZY
UT WOS:000321563500011
ER
PT J
AU Lee, JP
Stockli, DF
Kelley, SA
Pederson, JL
Karlstrom, KE
Ehlers, TA
AF Lee, J. P.
Stockli, D. F.
Kelley, S. A.
Pederson, J. L.
Karlstrom, K. E.
Ehlers, T. A.
TI New thermochronometric constraints on the Tertiary landscape evolution
of the central and eastern Grand Canyon, Arizona
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID APATITE (U-TH)/HE THERMOCHRONOMETRY; COLORADO PLATEAU; HELIUM DIFFUSION;
RADIATION-DAMAGE; CALIFORNIA; UPLIFT; MOUNTAINS; INCISION; HISTORY;
MODEL
AB Thermal histories are modeled from new apatite (U-Th)/He and apatite fission-track data in order to quantitatively constrain the landscape evolution of the Grand Canyon region. Fifty new samples and their associated thermochronometric ages are presented here. Samples span from Lee's Ferry in the east to Quartermaster Canyon in the west and include four age-elevation transects into Grand Canyon and borehole samples from the Coconino Plateau. Twenty-seven samples are inversely modeled to provide continuous thermal histories. This represents the most extensive and complete dataset on patterns of long-term exhumation in the Grand Canyon region, and it enables us to constrain the timing and magnitude of erosion and also discriminate between canyon incision and broader planation. The new data suggest that the early Cenozoic landscape in eastern Grand Canyon was low in relief and does not indicate the presence of an early Cenozoic precursor to the modern Grand Canyon. However, there is evidence for the incision of a smaller-scale canyon across the Kaibab Uplift at 28-20 Ma. This middle-Cenozoic denudation event was accompanied by the removal of a majority of remaining Mesozoic strata west of the Kaibab Uplift. In contrast, just upstream in the area of Lee's Ferry, similar to 2 km of Mesozoic strata remained over the middle Cenozoic and were removed after 10 Ma.
C1 [Lee, J. P.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr MS 974, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Stockli, D. F.] Univ Kansas, Dept Geol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Stockli, D. F.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Kelley, S. A.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Earth & Environm Sci Dept, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Pederson, J. L.] Utah State Univ, Dept Geol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Ehlers, T. A.] Univ Tubingen, Dept Geosci, D-72074 Tubingen, Germany.
RP Lee, JP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr MS 974, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jplee@usgs.gov; stockli@jsg.utexas.edu; sakelley@nmbg.nmt.edu;
joel.pederson@usu.edu; kek1@unm.edu; todd.ehlers@uni-tuebingen.de
RI Stockli, Daniel/N-8868-2015; Ehlers, Todd/A-9582-2012
OI Stockli, Daniel/0000-0001-7652-2129;
FU University of Kansas Department of Geology; National Science Foundation
[EAR-0408787, EAR-0414817]
FX Funding for this project was provided by the University of Kansas
Department of Geology and National Science Foundation grants EAR-0408787
and EAR-0414817. We thank Eugene Szymanski, Alec Waggoner, Kwan Ye Chen,
Steve Sloan, and Randy Ackerman for helping to haul hundreds of pounds
of rocks many miles through the Grand Canyon, and Becky Flowers and an
anonymous reviewer for their thoughtful reviews of this manuscript.
NR 40
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 6
U2 22
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 9
IS 2
BP 216
EP 228
DI 10.1130/GES00842.1
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 168JH
UT WOS:000320701200003
ER
PT J
AU Geist, EL
Chaytor, JD
Parsons, T
ten Brink, U
AF Geist, Eric L.
Chaytor, Jason D.
Parsons, Tom
ten Brink, Uri
TI Estimation of submarine mass failure probability from a sequence of
deposits with age dates
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; LANDSLIDES;
SLIDE; EARTHQUAKES; HAZARD; MODEL; PREDICTION; EVOLUTION
AB The empirical probability of submarine mass failure is quantified from a sequence of dated mass-transport deposits. Several different techniques are described to estimate the parameters for a suite of candidate probability models. The techniques, previously developed for analyzing paleoseismic data, include maximum likelihood and Type II (Bayesian) maximum likelihood methods derived from renewal process theory and Monte Carlo methods. The estimated mean return time from these methods, unlike estimates from a simple arithmetic mean of the center age dates and standard likelihood methods, includes the effects of age-dating uncertainty and of open time intervals before the first and after the last event. The likelihood techniques are evaluated using Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) and Akaike's Bayesian Information Criterion (ABIC) to select the optimal model. The techniques are applied to mass transport deposits recorded in two Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) drill sites located in the Ursa Basin, northern Gulf of Mexico. Dates of the deposits were constrained by regional bio- and magnetostratigraphy from a previous study. Results of the analysis indicate that submarine mass failures in this location occur primarily according to a Poisson process in which failures are independent and return times follow an exponential distribution. However, some of the model results suggest that submarine mass failures may occur quasi periodically at one of the sites (U1324). The suite of techniques described in this study provides quantitative probability estimates of submarine mass failure occurrence, for any number of deposits and age uncertainty distributions.
C1 [Geist, Eric L.; Parsons, Tom] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Chaytor, Jason D.; ten Brink, Uri] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Geist, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 999, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM egeist@usgs.gov
OI Parsons, Tom/0000-0002-0582-4338
NR 52
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 14
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 9
IS 2
BP 287
EP 298
DI 10.1130/GES00829.1
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 168JH
UT WOS:000320701200008
ER
PT J
AU Hutchinson, JT
Langeland, KA
AF Hutchinson, Jeffrey T.
Langeland, Kenneth A.
TI Susceptibility of Old World Climbing Fern (Lygodium microphyllum)
Gametophytes to Metsulfuron Methyl
SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Florida; gametophytes; herbicide; invasive species
ID INHIBITING HERBICIDES; WEEDS; CERATOPTERIS; RESISTANCE; FLORIDA; BIOLOGY
AB Old World climbing fern (OWCF) is a highly invasive plant that is spreading rapidly and disrupting natural areas in Florida, with the potential to spread by wind-blown spores into Central and South America. Experiments were performed using gametophytes to determine the dose response of OWCF to metsulfuron methyl (metsulfuron). OWCF gametophytes were highly susceptible to metsulfuron with <= 1.4% survival at concentrations >= 27 mg ai L-1 Metsulfuron OWCF gametophyte 50 and 95% inhibition (I-50 and I-95) values were 6.1 and 26.4 mg ai L-1, respectively. Survival of treated gametophytes that developed into sporophytes was <= 0.014% at concentrations >= 27 mg ai L-1, but no sporophytes developed at concentrations >= 432 mg ai L-1. Metsulfuron OWCF sporophyte inhibition I-50 and I-95 values were 5.6 and 24.1 mg ai L-1, respectively. At 216 mg ai L-1 metsulfuron, half of the standard operational use rate, 1.1 X 10(-8)% of the treated gametophytes developed into sporophytes. The results indicate that the potential for tolerant, and potentially resistant, OWCF populations is higher using lower concentrations of metsulfuron as no gametophytes developed into sporophytes at the standard field treatment concentration of 432 mg ai L-1.
C1 [Hutchinson, Jeffrey T.; Langeland, Kenneth A.] Univ Florida, Ctr Aquat & Invas Plants, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Hutchinson, JT (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, San Marcos Aquat Resources Ctr, 500 East McCartry Lane, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
EM jeffrey_hutchinson@fws.gov
FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Bureau of Invasive
Plants
FX The authors wish to thank the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Commission, Bureau of Invasive Plants, for providing funding for the
project. Don Schmitz provided insightful comments on the project. Greg
MacDonald and Michael Kane offered advice on the project design and
counting and manipulating spores. We thank Frank Chapman and Mete Yilmaz
who generously allowed us to use their labs and equipment. Doria Gordon,
Greg MacDonald, Robert Stamps, and William Haller provided comments on
an earlier version of the paper.
NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 9
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 1939-7291
J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA
JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 2
BP 304
EP 309
DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-12-00018.1
PG 6
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 160TZ
UT WOS:000320144700011
ER
PT J
AU Conrad, R
Hagen-Breaux, A
Yuen, H
AF Conrad, Robert
Hagen-Breaux, Angelika
Yuen, Henry
TI Unbiased Methods for Calculating Mortality in Mark-Selective Fisheries
Models for Ocean Salmon
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
AB Mark-selective fisheries (MSF) are increasingly being used as a strategy for managing fisheries for Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch and Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha on the west coast of North America. Mark-selective fisheries allow anglers to keep legal-size Coho Salmon or Chinook Salmon with a missing adipose fin (typically hatchery fish) and require the release of those with an adipose fin (unmarked fish, which are usually wild fish). The objective of MSF is to provide meaningful fisheries on abundant stocks of hatchery salmon while reducing the impact on wild (unmarked) salmon stocks. As has been previously shown, the model currently used in the Pacific Fishery Management Council's preseason planning process to project mortalities for proposed Coho Salmon and Chinook Salmon fisheries underestimates the number of unmarked salmon mortalities occurring in MSF and concurrent nonselective fisheries. We propose equations that provide unbiased estimates of salmon mortalities that occur in these fisheries due to the release of fish. The performance of the proposed methods is evaluated and compared to the current methods using a simulation model. The methods are shown to provide unbiased calculations of total mortalities for unmarked salmon in both mark-selective and concurrent nonselective fisheries. The unbiased methods are able to incorporate different release-mortality and mark-recognition rates for the fisheries modeled.
C1 [Conrad, Robert] Northwest Indian Fisheries Commiss, Olympia, WA 98516 USA.
[Hagen-Breaux, Angelika] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Yuen, Henry] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Conrad, R (reprint author), Northwest Indian Fisheries Commiss, 6730 Martin Way East, Olympia, WA 98516 USA.
EM bconrad@nwifc.org
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
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PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 2
BP 253
EP 264
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.754806
PG 12
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SC Fisheries
GA 167PD
UT WOS:000320643000003
ER
PT J
AU Christiansen, HE
Gee, LP
Mesa, MG
AF Christiansen, Helena E.
Gee, Lisa P.
Mesa, Matthew G.
TI Anesthesia of Juvenile Pacific Lampreys with MS-222, BENZOAK, AQUI-S
20E, and Aquacalm
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID PASSIVE INTEGRATED TRANSPONDERS; CLOVE OIL; STRESS RESPONSES;
RAINBOW-TROUT; TRICAINE METHANESULFONATE; PLASMA-CORTISOL; SURVIVAL;
METOMIDATE; INDUCTION; RECOVERY
AB Effective anesthetics are a critical component of safe and humane fish handling procedures. We tested three concentrations each of four anestheticsFinquel (tricaine methanesulfonate, herein referred to as MS-222), BENZOAK (20% benzocaine), AQUI-S 20E (10% eugenol), and Aquacalm (metomidate hydrochloride)for efficacy and safety in metamorphosed, outmigrating juvenile Pacific Lampreys Entosphenus tridentatus. The anesthetics MS-222 (100mg/L) and BENZOAK (60mg/L) were the most effective for anesthetizing juvenile Pacific Lampreys to a handleable state with minimal irritation to the fish. Fish anesthetized with BENZOAK also had lower rates of fungal infection than those exposed to MS-222, AQUI-S 20E, or no anesthetic. Exposure to AQUI-S 20E irritated juvenile Pacific Lampreys, causing them to leap or climb out of the anesthetic solution, and Aquacalm anesthetized fish to a handleable state too slowly and incompletely for effective use with routine handling procedures. Our results indicate that MS-222 and BENZOAK are effective anesthetics for juvenile Pacific Lampreys, but field studies are needed to determine whether exposure to MS-222 increases risk of fungal infection in juvenile Pacific Lampreys released to the wild.
C1 [Christiansen, Helena E.; Gee, Lisa P.; Mesa, Matthew G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Mesa, MG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM mmesa@usgs.gov
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PI PHILADELPHIA
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SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 33
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BP 269
EP 276
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.754807
PG 8
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SC Fisheries
GA 167PD
UT WOS:000320643000005
ER
PT J
AU Densmore, CL
Panek, FM
AF Densmore, Christine L.
Panek, Frank M.
TI Effects of Depletion Sampling by Standard Three-Pass Pulsed DC
Electrofishing on Blood Chemistry Parameters of Fishes from Appalachian
Streams
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SERUM BIOCHEMICAL PROFILES; X
MORONE-SAXATILIS; RAINBOW-TROUT; STRIPED BASS; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS;
LARGEMOUTH BASS; TELEOST FISH; AIR EXPOSURE; ELECTROSHOCK
AB Adverse effects on fishes captured by electrofishing techniques have long been recognized, although the extent of associated physical injury and behavioral alterations are highly variable and dependent on a number of factors. We examined the effects of three-pass pulsed DC (PDC) electrofishing on two salmonid species (Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis) and five other genera (Green Sunfish Lepomis cyanellus, Potomac Sculpin Cottus girardi, Fathead Minnow Pimephales promelas, Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides, and Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus) common to Appalachian streams. We examined the corresponding effects of PDC electroshock on the following physiological indicators of stress and trauma: blood glucose and serum lactate, as well as on other blood chemistry, namely, enzymes, electrolytes, minerals, and proteins. All species demonstrated physiological responses to PDC electroshock, indicated by the biochemical differences in blood parameters in unshocked and shocked groups of fish with or without gross evidence of hemorrhagic trauma. Serum lactate was the most consistent indicator of these effects. Significant differences in whole blood glucose levels were also noted in treatment groups in all species except Green Sunfish, although the patterns observed were not as consistent as for serum lactate. Elevations in the serum enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase, in the electroshocked fish occurred only in the two salmonid species. In many instances, although blood parameters were elevated in electroshocked fish compared with the unshocked controls for a given species, there were no differences in those levels in electroshocked fish based on the presence of gross hemorrhagic trauma to axial musculature. While some of the blood parameters examined correlated with both the occurrence of electroshock and the resultant tissue injury, there was no apparent link between the altered blood chemistry and increased mortality 30 d after electrofishing.
C1 [Densmore, Christine L.; Panek, Frank M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
RP Densmore, CL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM cdensmore@usgs.gov
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SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 2
BP 298
EP 306
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.758203
PG 9
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SC Fisheries
GA 167PD
UT WOS:000320643000008
ER
PT J
AU Brewer, SK
AF Brewer, Shannon K.
TI Channel Unit Use by Smallmouth Bass: Do Land-Use Constraints or Quantity
of Habitat Matter?
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID FISH ASSEMBLAGE RELATIONSHIPS; MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALES; WADEABLE IOWA
STREAMS; WISCONSIN STREAMS; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; PHYSICAL HABITAT;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; CRAYFISH PREY; RIVER-BASIN; ROCK BASS
AB I examined how land use influenced the distribution of Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu in channel units (discrete morphological featurese.g., pools) of streams in the Midwestern USA. Stream segments (n = 36), from four clusters of different soil and runoff conditions, were identified that had the highest percent of forest (n = 12), pasture (n = 12), and urban land use (n = 12) within each cluster. Channel units within each stream were delineated and independently sampled once using multiple gears in summer 2006. Data were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model procedure with a binomial distribution and odds ratio statistics. Land use and channel unit were strong predictors of age-0, age-1, and age->1 Smallmouth Bass presence. Each age-class was more likely to be present in streams within watersheds dominated by forest land use than in those with pasture or urban land uses. The interaction between land use and channel unit was not significant in any of the models, indicating channel unit use by Smallmouth Bass did not depend on watershed land use. Each of the three age-classes was more likely to use pools than other channel units. However, streams with high densities of Smallmouth Bass age >1 had lower proportions of pools suggesting a variety of channel units is important even though habitat needs exist at the channel-unit scale. Management may benefit from future research addressing the significance of channel-unit quality as a possible mechanism for how land use impacts Smallmouth Bass populations. Further, management efforts aimed at improving stream habitat would likely be more beneficial if focused at the stream segment or landscape scale, where a variety of quality habitats might be supported.
C1 Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Brewer, SK (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM shannon.brewer@okstate.edu
FU Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Missouri
Department of Conservation
FX This research is a contribution of the Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit (U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma Department of
Wildlife Conservation, Oklahoma State University, and Wildlife
Management Institute cooperating), with support from the Missouri
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. Funding was provided by the
Missouri Department of Conservation. The use of trade names or products
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Special thanks to
Mark Ellersieck, Greg Wallace, Matt Mullins, Danny Moncheski, Allison
McCluskey, and Brook Kruse for valuable field and data assistance. This
manuscript was improved by comments from Phillip Bettoli, Mike Roell,
Seth Wenger, and two anonymous reviewers.
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PD APR 1
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BP 351
EP 358
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.763878
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SC Fisheries
GA 167PD
UT WOS:000320643000014
ER
PT J
AU Leonard, JBK
Stott, W
Loope, DM
Kusnierz, PC
Sreenivasan, A
AF Leonard, Jill B. K.
Stott, Wendylee
Loope, Delora M.
Kusnierz, Paul C.
Sreenivasan, Ashwin
TI Biological Consequences of the Coaster Brook Trout Restoration Stocking
Program in Lake Superior Tributaries within Pictured Rocks National
Lakeshore
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID CHARR SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; MULTILOCUS
GENOTYPES; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MOVEMENT PATTERNS; GENETIC DIVERSITY;
CUTTHROAT TROUT; WILD STEELHEAD; NIPIGON BAY; HABITAT USE
AB The coaster Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis is a Lake Superior ecotype representing intraspecific variation that has been impacted by habitat loss and overfishing. Hatchery strains of Brook Trout derived from populations in Lake Superior were stocked into streams within Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, Michigan, as part of an effort to rehabilitate adfluvial coaster Brook Trout. Wild and hatchery Brook Trout from three streams (Mosquito River, Hurricane River, and Sevenmile Creek) were examined for movement behavior, size, physiology, and reproductive success. Behavior and size of the stocked fish were similar to those of wild fish, and less than 15% of the stocked, tagged Brook Trout emigrated from the river into which they were stocked. There was little evidence of successful reproduction by stocked Brook Trout. Similar to the results of other studies, our findings suggest that the stocking of nonlocal Brook Trout strains where a local population already exists results in limited natural reproduction and should be avoided, particularly if the mechanisms governing the ecotype of interest are poorly understood.
C1 [Leonard, Jill B. K.] No Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Marquette, MI 49855 USA.
[Stott, Wendylee] Michigan State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Loope, Delora M.] Pictured Rocks Natl Lakeshore, Natl Pk Serv, Munising, MI 49862 USA.
[Kusnierz, Paul C.] Montana Dept Environm Qual, Helena, MT 59620 USA.
[Sreenivasan, Ashwin] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau Ctr, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Leonard, JBK (reprint author), No Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, 1401 Presque Isle Ave, Marquette, MI 49855 USA.
EM jileonar@nmu.edu
FU NMU; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Trout Unlimited
FX This article was prepared under the Great Lakes Northern Forest
Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit Task Agreement J632007N200 and
J6320080003 (Cooperative Agreement CAH6000082000) between the NPS and
the University of Minnesota. We thank the managers and biologists
involved with the development of the coaster Brook Trout rehabilitation
program in PRNL, particularly Lee Newman, Steve Scott, Jerry Belant, and
Henry Quinlan; they had the foresight and courage to attempt to
rehabilitate this ecotype before it was too late, even when they did not
have all the answers. We also appreciate the funding provided by NMU's
Spooner Award, Excellence in Education Award, and Faculty Grant Program;
the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; and Trout Unlimited. We also
gratefully acknowledge the many volunteers involved with this project,
including undergraduate and graduate students from NMU, particularly
Sean Stimmell, Dan Armichardy, Todd Anderson, and Gerrit Cain, as well
as Trout Unlimited and the USFWS. Melissa Kostich (USGS-GLSC) provided
technical support for genetic analyses. All activities in the project
were conducted under protocols approved by the NMU Institutional Animal
Care and Use Committee. Use of trade names does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government. This article is Contribution 1723 of the USGS-GLSC.
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SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 2
BP 359
EP 372
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.754801
PG 14
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SC Fisheries
GA 167PD
UT WOS:000320643000015
ER
PT J
AU Railsback, SF
Gard, M
Harvey, BC
White, JL
Zimmerman, JKH
AF Railsback, Steven F.
Gard, Mark
Harvey, Bret C.
White, Jason L.
Zimmerman, Julie K. H.
TI Contrast of Degraded and Restored Stream Habitat Using an
Individual-Based Salmon Model
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID CHINOOK SALMON; RIVER RESTORATION; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; POPULATION;
FISH; ECOSYSTEMS; RULES; FLOW; US
AB Stream habitat restoration projects are popular, but can be expensive and difficult to evaluate. We describe inSALMO, an individual-based model designed to predict habitat effects on freshwater life stages (spawning through juvenile out-migration) of salmon. We applied inSALMO to Clear Creek, California, simulating the production of total and large (>5cm FL) Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha out-migrants at a degraded and a restored site. The calibrated model reproduced observed redd locations and out-migrant timing and size. In simulations, the restored site had a much higher production of fry that established and grew before out-migration; it provided higher survival and positive growth due to moderate velocities, shallow depths, and cover for feeding and hiding. The restored site did not produce more total out-migrants because at both sites spawning gravel was sufficient and the vast majority of fry moved downstream soon after emergence. Simulations indicated that at both sites increasing food and cover availability could further increase production of large, but not total, out-migrants; spawning gravel, temperature, and flow appear nearly optimal already. Further gravel addition was predicted to increase total fry production but have little or even a negative effect on production of large out-migrants, illustrating that actions benefitting one life stage can negatively affect others. The model predicted that further enhancements (e.g., in cover availability) would be more beneficial at the restored site than at the degraded site. Restoration efforts may be most effective when concentrated in hot spots with good habitat for growth and predator avoidance as well as for spawning. Contradicting the traditional notion of limiting factors, the model indicated that several factors each have strong effects. The model provided more understanding of restoration effects than would field studies alone and could be useful for designing projects to meet specific restoration objectives.
C1 [Railsback, Steven F.] Lang Railsback & Associates, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Gard, Mark] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Off, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA.
[Harvey, Bret C.; White, Jason L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Zimmerman, Julie K. H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bay Delta Fish & Wildlife Off, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
RP Railsback, SF (reprint author), Lang Railsback & Associates, 250 Calif Ave, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
EM steve@langrailsback.com
OI Railsback, Steven/0000-0002-5923-9847
FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation under the Central Valley Project Improvement
Act; USFWS
FX This work was funded by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation under the Central
Valley Project Improvement Act, and by the USFWS. Claire Hsu was the
initial project manager. Dan Cox, USFWS, provided the initial motivation
and direction. Software and GIS support were provided by Steve Jackson,
Charles Sharpsteen, Colin Sheppard, and Diane Sutherland Montoya, and by
Jeff Anderson, Corin Pilkington, and Bonnie Pryor of Northern Hydrology
and Engineering (McKinleyville, California). We especially thank Matt
Brown, James Earley, and Sarah Giovannetti of the USFWS Red Bluff Office
for the great deal of time, data, and knowledge they contributed to this
work.
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JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 2
BP 384
EP 399
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.765527
PG 16
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SC Fisheries
GA 167PD
UT WOS:000320643000017
ER
PT J
AU Ward, DL
Morton-Starner, R
Hedwall, SJ
AF Ward, David L.
Morton-Starner, R.
Hedwall, Shaula J.
TI An Evaluation of Liquid Ammonia (Ammonium Hydroxide) as a Candidate
Piscicide
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID TOXICITY; FISH; TOXICANTS
AB Eradication of populations of nonnative aquatic species for the purpose of reintroducing native fish is often difficult because very few effective tools are available for removing aquatic organisms. This creates the need to evaluate new chemicals that could be used as management tools for native fish conservation. Ammonia is a natural product of fish metabolism and is naturally present in the environment at low levels, yet is known to be toxic to most aquatic species. Our objective was to determine the feasibility of using liquid ammonia as a fisheries management tool by evaluating its effectiveness at killing undesirable aquatic species and its persistence in a pond environment. A suite of invasive aquatic species commonly found in the southwestern USA were introduced into two experimental outdoor ponds located at the Rocky Mountain Research Station in Flagstaff, Arizona. Each pond was treated with ammonium hydroxide (29%) at 38ppm. This target concentration was chosen because previous studies using anhydrous ammonia reported incomplete fish kills in ponds at concentrations less than 30ppm. Water quality was monitored for 49 d to determine how quickly the natural bacteria in the environment converted the ammonia to nitrate. Ammonia levels remained above 8ppm for 24 and 18 d, respectively, in ponds 1 and 2. Nitrite levels in each pond began to rise approximately 14 d after dosing with ammonia and stayed above 5ppm for an additional 21 d in pond 1 and 18 d in pond 2. After 49 d all water in both ponds was drained and no fish, crayfish, or tadpoles were found to have survived the treatment, but aquatic turtles remained alive and appeared unaffected. Liquid ammonia appears to be an effective tool for removing many problematic invasive aquatic species and may warrant further investigation as a piscicide.
C1 [Ward, David L.; Morton-Starner, R.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Hedwall, Shaula J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arizona Ecol Serv, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Ward, DL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM dlward@usgs.gov
FU Southwest Biological Science Center
FX We thank Alicia Burtner, Dave Foster, and Luke Avery for assistance with
collecting fish. Benjamin Moan performed water sample analysis at the
Colorado Plateau Analytical laboratory. Scott VanderKooi, Rob Clarkson,
and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful reviews of this manuscript.
We thank the U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station in
Flagstaff, Arizona, for the use of their experimental ponds for these
studies, and the Southwest Biological Science Center for funding
support. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this
publication is for informational use only and does not constitute an
official endorsement or approval by the U.S. Government.
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JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD APR 1
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VL 33
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BP 400
EP 405
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.765528
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SC Fisheries
GA 167PD
UT WOS:000320643000018
ER
PT J
AU Archdeacon, TP
Davenport, SR
AF Archdeacon, Thomas P.
Davenport, Stephen R.
TI Comment: Detection and Population Estimation for Small-Bodied Fishes in
a Sand-Bed River
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID NOTROPIS-SIMUS-PECOSENSIS; SINGLE-PASS; ABUNDANCE; STREAMS; TRENDS
C1 [Archdeacon, Thomas P.; Davenport, Stephen R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New Mexico Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
RP Archdeacon, TP (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New Mexico Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 3800 Commons Ave Northeast, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
EM thomas_archdeacon@fws.gov
FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Albuquerque Area Office [04-AA402212]
FX We thank the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Albuquerque Area Office, for
funding (contract 04-AA402212). C. Hoagstrom, K. Gido, and four
anonymous reviewers provided many helpful comments on a previous version
of the manuscript. We thank T. Knecht and N. Zymonas for field
assistance. The views expressed here are the authors' and do not
necessarily reflect those of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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SN 0275-5947
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JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 2
BP 446
EP 452
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.681011
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 167PD
UT WOS:000320643000022
ER
PT J
AU Dzul, MC
Dinsmore, SJ
Quist, MC
Gaines, DB
Wilson, KP
Bower, MR
Dixon, PM
AF Dzul, Maria Christina
Dinsmore, Stephen James
Quist, Michael Carl
Gaines, Daniel Bailey
Wilson, Kevin Patrick
Bower, Michael Roy
Dixon, Philip Michael
TI A simulation model of the Devils Hole pupfish population using monthly
length-frequency distributions
SO POPULATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Conservation; Devils Hole; Elasticity analysis; Endangered species;
Population dynamics; Stereovideo
ID ENDANGERED-SPECIES-ACT; ESTIMATING GROWTH-PARAMETERS; RECOVERY PLANS;
CYPRINODON-DIABOLIS; STEREO-VIDEO; FISH; CONSERVATION; VIABILITY;
DESERT; SIZE
AB The Devils Hole pupfish, Cyprinodon diabolis, is a federally-endangered fish that is endemic to Devils Hole, a discontiguous part of Death Valley National Park in Nye County, Nevada. Due to its status, Devils Hole pupfish monitoring must be non-obtrusive and thereby exclude techniques that require handling fish. Due to a recent decline in pupfish abundance, Devils Hole pupfish managers have expressed a need for a model that describes population dynamics. This population model would be used to identify vulnerable life history stage(s) and inform management actions. We constructed a set of individual-based simulation models designed to explore effects of population processes and evaluate assumptions. We developed a baseline model, whose output best resembled both observed length-frequency data and predicted intra-annual abundance patterns. We then ran simulations with 5 % increases in egg-larval, juvenile, and adult survival rates to better understand Devils Hole pupfish life history, thereby helping identify vulnerable life history stages that should become the target of management actions. Simulation models with temporally constant adult, juvenile, and egg-larval survival rates were able to reproduce observed length-frequency distributions and predicted intra-annual population patterns. In particular, models with monthly adult and juvenile survival rates of 80 % and an egg-larval survival rate of 4.7 % replicated patterns in observed data. Population growth was most affected by 5 % increases in egg-larval survival, whereas adult and juvenile survival rates had similar but lesser effects on population growth. Outputs from the model were used to assess factors suspected of influencing Devils Hole pupfish population decline.
C1 [Dzul, Maria Christina; Dinsmore, Stephen James] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Quist, Michael Carl] Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Gaines, Daniel Bailey; Wilson, Kevin Patrick] Natl Pk Serv, Pahrump, NV USA.
[Bower, Michael Roy] US Forest Serv, Bighorn Natl Forest, Sheridan, WY USA.
[Dixon, Philip Michael] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA USA.
RP Dzul, MC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM mariadzul@gmail.com; cootjr@iastate.edu; mcquist@uidaho.edu;
Bailey_Gaines@nps.gov; Kevin_Wilson@nps.gov; mbower@fs.fed.us;
pdixon@iastate.edu
FU National Park Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
[DEVA-2009-SCI-0030]; University of Idaho; U.S. Geological Survey; Idaho
Department of Fish and Game; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank the National Park Service and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service for funding this study (Permit number: DEVA-2009-SCI-0030). John
Wullschleger (NPS), Paul Barrett (USFWS), and Jon Sjoberg (Nevada
Department of Wildlife) have years of experience working with the Devils
Hole pupfish, and they helped initiate this study. In addition, we thank
Dr. Stan Hillyard and Zane Marshall for participating in SCUBA surveys
in Devils Hole, as well as Jim Seager (SeaGIS) for help with
stereo-video technology and software. Mike Colvin and Dr. Scott Bonar
provided insightful comments on this manuscript. The Idaho Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the University
of Idaho, U.S. Geological Survey, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and
Wildlife Management Institute. The use of trade, firm, or product names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
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PI TOKYO
PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065,
JAPAN
SN 1438-3896
J9 POPUL ECOL
JI Popul. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 55
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BP 325
EP 341
DI 10.1007/s10144-013-0361-x
PG 17
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 166NH
UT WOS:000320561200007
ER
PT J
AU Brothers, DS
ten Brink, US
Andrews, BD
Chaytor, JD
AF Brothers, Daniel S.
ten Brink, Uri S.
Andrews, Brian D.
Chaytor, Jason D.
TI Geomorphic characterization of the US Atlantic continental margin
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE passive margin; continental slope; classification; submarine canyon;
seismic reflection; multibeam bathymetry
ID ERODING SEDIMENT FLOWS; ENGLAND PASSIVE MARGIN; NEW-JERSEY;
UNITED-STATES; SUBMARINE CANYONS; SLOPE CURVATURE; EAST-COAST; MODEL;
STRATIGRAPHY; EROSION
AB The increasing volume of multibeam bathymetry data collected along continental margins is providing new opportunities to study the feedbacks between sedimentary and oceanographic processes and seafloor morphology. Attempts to develop simple guidelines that describe the relationships between form and process often overlook the importance of inherited physiography in slope depositional systems. Here, we use multibeam bathymetry data and seismic reflection profiles spanning the U.S. Atlantic outer continental shelf, slope and rise from Cape Hatteras to New England to quantify the broad-scale, across-margin morphological variation. Morphometric analyses suggest the margin can be divided into four basic categories that roughly align with Quaternary sedimentary provinces. Within each category, Quaternary sedimentary processes exerted heavy modification of submarine canyons, landslide complexes and the broad-scale morphology of the continental rise, but they appear to have preserved much of the pre-Quaternary, across-margin shape of the continental slope. Without detailed constraints on the substrate structure, first-order morphological categorization the U.S. Atlantic margin does not provide a reliable framework for predicting relationships between form and process. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Brothers, Daniel S.; ten Brink, Uri S.; Andrews, Brian D.; Chaytor, Jason D.] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Brothers, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM dbrothers@usgs.gov
RI ten Brink, Uri/A-1258-2008;
OI ten Brink, Uri/0000-0001-6858-3001; Chaytor, Jason/0000-0001-8135-8677;
Andrews, Brian/0000-0003-1024-9400
FU USGS Mendenhall Post-doctoral Fellowship Program; U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission
FX We would like to thank D. Twichell, W. Schwab and D. O'Grady for helpful
reviews. This work was funded by the USGS Mendenhall Post-doctoral
Fellowship Program and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Neither
the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor
any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any
warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or
responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any
information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent
that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of
distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no
responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or
related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 338
BP 46
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2012.12.008
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 160VN
UT WOS:000320148700004
ER
PT J
AU Kuhry, P
Grosse, G
Harden, JW
Hugelius, G
Koven, CD
Ping, CL
Schirrmeister, L
Tarnocai, C
AF Kuhry, P.
Grosse, G.
Harden, J. W.
Hugelius, G.
Koven, C. D.
Ping, C-L
Schirrmeister, L.
Tarnocai, C.
TI Characterisation of the Permafrost Carbon Pool
SO PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE northern terrestrial permafrost; carbon pools; databases; uncertainties
ID SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; CLIMATE; WORLD; PEATLANDS; WILDFIRE; RELEASE;
CANADA; ALASKA; BUDGET; TUNDRA
AB The current estimate of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in the northern permafrost region of 1672 Petagrams (Pg) C is much larger than previously reported and needs to be incorporated in global soil carbon (C) inventories. The Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database (NCSCD), extended to include the range 0-300cm, is now available online for wider use by the scientific community. An important future aim is to provide quantitative uncertainty ranges for C pool estimates. Recent studies have greatly improved understanding of the regional patterns, landscape distribution and vertical (soil horizon) partitioning of the permafrost C pool in the upper 3m of soils. However, the deeper C pools in unconsolidated Quaternary deposits need to be better constrained. A general lability classification of the permafrost C pool should be developed to address potential C release upon thaw. The permafrost C pool and its dynamics are beginning to be incorporated into Earth System models, although key periglacial processes such as thermokarst still need to be properly represented to obtain a better quantification of the full permafrost C feedback on global climate change. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Kuhry, P.; Hugelius, G.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Quaternary Geol, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Grosse, G.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Harden, J. W.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Koven, C. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ping, C-L] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Palmer Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Schirrmeister, L.] Alfred Wegener Inst, Potsdam, Germany.
[Tarnocai, C.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
RP Kuhry, P (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Quaternary Geol, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM peter.kuhry@natgeo.su.se
RI Grosse, Guido/F-5018-2011; Hugelius, Gustaf/C-9759-2011; Schirrmeister,
Lutz/O-5584-2015; Koven, Charles/N-8888-2014
OI Grosse, Guido/0000-0001-5895-2141; Hugelius, Gustaf/0000-0002-8096-1594;
Schirrmeister, Lutz/0000-0001-9455-0596; Koven,
Charles/0000-0002-3367-0065
FU NSF
FX This paper is a contribution to the CAPP project of the IPA and the
NSF-funded RCN on the Vulnerability of Permafrost Carbon.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1045-6740
J9 PERMAFROST PERIGLAC
JI Permafrost Periglacial Process.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 2
BP 146
EP 155
DI 10.1002/ppp.1782
PG 10
WC Geography, Physical; Geology
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 163IZ
UT WOS:000320330800008
ER
PT J
AU de Volo, SB
Reynolds, RT
Sonsthagen, SA
Talbot, SL
Antolin, MF
AF de Volo, Shelley Bayard
Reynolds, Richard T.
Sonsthagen, Sarah A.
Talbot, Sandra L.
Antolin, Michael F.
TI PHYLOGEOGRAPHY, POSTGLACIAL GENE FLOW, AND POPULATION HISTORY OF NORTH
AMERICAN NORTHERN GOSHAWKS (ACCIPITER GENTILIS)
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE Accipiter gentilis; Apache goshawk; mitochondrial DNA control region;
Northern Goshawk; phylogeography; Pleistocene refugia
ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD-ESTIMATION; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; ALEXANDER
ARCHIPELAGO; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PLEISTOCENE BIOGEOGRAPHY; EVOLUTIONARY
GENETICS; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; COALESCENT APPROACH; STATISTICAL TESTS;
PACIFIC-NORTHWEST
AB Climate cycling during the Quaternary played a critical role in the diversification of avian lineages in North America, greatly influencing the genetic characteristics of contemporary populations. To test the hypothesis that North American Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) were historically isolated within multiple Late Pleistocene refugia, we assessed diversity and population genetic structure as well as migration rates and signatures of historical demography using mitochondrial control-region data. On the basis of sampling from 24 locales, we found that Northern Goshawks were genetically structured across a large portion of their North American range. Long-term population stability, combined with strong genetic differentiation, suggests that Northern Goshawks were historically isolated within at least three refugial populations representing two regions: the Pacific (Cascades-Sierra-Vancouver Island) and the Southwest (Colorado Plateau and Jemez Mountains). By contrast, populations experiencing significant growth were located in the Southeast Alaska-British Columbia, Arizona Sky Islands, Rocky Mountains, Great Lakes, and Appalachian bioregions. In the case of Southeast Alaska-British Columbia, Arizona Sky Islands, and Rocky Mountains, Northern Goshawks likely colonized these regions from surrounding refugia. The near fixation for several endemic haplotypes in the Arizona Sky Island Northern Goshawks (A. g. apache) suggests long-term isolation subsequent to colonization. Likewise, Great Lakes and Appalachian Northern Goshawks differed significantly in haplotype frequencies from most Western Northern Goshawks, which suggests that they, too, experienced long-term isolation prior to a more recent recolonization of eastern U.S. forests.
C1 [de Volo, Shelley Bayard; Antolin, Michael F.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[de Volo, Shelley Bayard; Reynolds, Richard T.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Sonsthagen, Sarah A.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Sonsthagen, Sarah A.; Talbot, Sandra L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP de Volo, SB (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM sbayard_64@yahoo.com
RI Reynolds, Richard/C-2190-2014
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0508921]; Rocky Mountain Research
Station/Colorado State University Joint Venture Agreement
[05-JV-11021607-106]; U.S. Forest Service (USFS) Southwest Region; USFS
Rocky Mountain Research Station
FX This research would not have been possible without the contributions of
goshawk blood and feathers from C. Boal, D. Brinker, K. Burns, T.
Erdman, F. Doyle, C. Ferland, S. Hawks, J. Keane, P. Kennedy, J.
Kirkley, O. Kruger, E. McClaren, H. Pletz, S. Patla, R. Ramey, S.
Rosmos, C. Staab, K. Titus, J. Warder, C. White, B. Woodbridge, and J.
Woodford. Laboratory research was funded through a Doctoral Dissertation
Improvement Grant (DEB-0508921) provided by the National Science
Foundation. Technological support was from the University of Alaska Life
Science Informatics computer cluster and S. Houston. Field sampling for
genetic samples from the Kaibab Plateau, and laboratory research, was
funded through a Rocky Mountain Research Station/Colorado State
University Joint Venture Agreement (05-JV-11021607-106). Additional
funding was provided by the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) Southwest Region
and the USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station. Approval for field
collection of samples was permitted under Colorado State University
Animal Care and Use Committee (permit 05-086A-01). We thank A. Campbell
and J. M. Drewy for their laboratory assistance, S. Baggett for
statistical review, and K. Burnham, M. Douglas, W. Funk, M. A. Murphy
and two anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript. Use of trade
or product names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 130
IS 2
BP 342
EP 354
DI 10.1525/auk.2013.12120
PG 13
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 157KV
UT WOS:000319895900016
ER
PT J
AU Gates, HR
Lanctot, RB
Powell, AN
AF Gates, H. River
Lanctot, Richard B.
Powell, Abby N.
TI HIGH RENESTING RATES IN ARCTIC-BREEDING DUNLIN (CALIDRIS ALPINA): A
CLUTCH-REMOVAL EXPERIMENT
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic; Calidris alpina arcticola; fecundity; renest; replacement
clutch; shorebird
ID MALLARDS ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; REPLACEMENT
CLUTCHES; WILLOW PTARMIGAN; BODY CONDITION; NEST SURVIVAL; EGG-SIZE;
BIRDS; ALASKA; MECHANISMS
AB The propensity to replace a clutch is a complex component of avian reproduction and poorly understood. We experimentally removed clutches from an Arctic-breeding shorebird, the Dunlin (Calidris alpina arcticola), during early and late stages of incubation to investigate replacement clutch rates, renesting interval, and mate and site fidelity between nesting attempts. In contrast to other Arctic studies, we documented renesting by radiotracking individuals to find replacement clutches. We also examined clutch size and mean egg volume to document changes in individual females' investment in initial and replacement clutches. Finally, we examined the influence of adult body mass, clutch volume, dates of clutch initiation and nest loss, and year on the propensity to renest. We found high (82-95%) and moderate (35-50%) rates of renesting for early and late incubation treatments. Renesting intervals averaged 4.7-6.8 days and were not different for clutches removed early or late in incubation. Most pairs remained together for renesting attempts. Larger females were more likely to replace a clutch; female body mass was the most important parameter predicting propensity to renest. Clutches lost later in the season were less likely to be replaced. We present evidence that renesting is more common in Arctic-breeding shorebirds than was previously thought, and suggest that renesting is constrained by energetic and temporal factors as well as mate availability. Obtaining rates of renesting in species breeding at different latitudes will help determine when this behavior is likely to occur; such information is necessary for demographic models that include individual and population-level fecundity estimates.
C1 [Gates, H. River; Powell, Abby N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Gates, H. River; Lanctot, Richard B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Powell, Abby N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Gates, HR (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM hrivergates@gmail.com
OI Powell, Abby/0000-0002-9783-134X
FU USFWS Migratory Bird Management Program; U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research; University of Alaska Fairbanks;
Bureau of Land Management, Arctic Field Office; Arctic Audubon
FX We thank J. Aldabe, N. Burrell, C. Y. Chiang, J. Choi, J. Coffey, F. C.
Governali, B. Haase, B. Hill, J. F. Lamarre, B. Lewis, P. Mickelson, R.
Rankin, and A. Taylor for diligent field assistance. L. Naves, C.
Hunter, B. Sandercock, J. Schmutz, S. Yezerinac, and K. Winker offered
keen insights throughout the development of this project. D. Thomas
offered statistical advice, and S. Saalfeld assisted with analysis.
Aerial survey pilots from Arctic Air Alaska, R. Bird and B. Eubank, and
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) pilot/biologist K. Bollinger
skillfully navigated flights in the Barrow airspace. This work has
greatly benefited from the thoughtful reviews of T. Arnold, B. Hill, B.
Lewis, J. Roper, N. Warnock, and two anonymous reviewers. Our study was
approved by the University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institutional Animal
Care and Use Committee (no. 08-12), and clutches were removed under
USFWS and Alaska State Fish and Game permits (nos. MB088686-0 and
08-122, respectively). Funding and logistical support were provided by
the USFWS Migratory Bird Management Program; U.S. Geological Survey,
Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research; University of Alaska
Fairbanks; Bureau of Land Management, Arctic Field Office; and Arctic
Audubon. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the USFWS.
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PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 130
IS 2
BP 372
EP 380
DI 10.1525/auk.2013.12052
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 157KV
UT WOS:000319895900019
ER
EF