FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Robinson, KF
Jennings, CA
AF Robinson, Kelly F.
Jennings, Cecil A.
TI Maximizing Age-0 Spot Export from a South Carolina Estuary: An
Evaluation of Coastal Impoundment Management Alternatives via Structured
Decision Making
SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID LEIOSTOMUS-XANTHURUS LACEPEDE; NORTH-CAROLINA; PREY GROWTH; SALT-MARSH;
FISH RECRUITMENT; JUVENILE FISHES; NURSERY AREAS; MARINE FISHES; LARVAL;
POPULATIONS
AB Estuaries are among the most productive of all ecosystems and provide critical nursery habitat for many young-of-the-year (age-0) marine fish. Along the South Carolina coast, former rice field impoundments in some estuarine areas are now managed to provide habitat for waterfowl. Marine fish that enter these structures during water level manipulation become trapped and suffer high mortality rates. Because these fish cannot emigrate back to coastal waters to complete their life cycles, these impoundments appear to act as sinks for marine-transient species. Our goal was to identify which of a set of management options would maximize export of age-0 spot Leiostomus xanthurus from the Combahee River, South Carolina, to the coastal population. We used a structured decision-making approach to evaluate four decision alternatives: to maintain status quo, to close all impoundments while age-0 spot are most abundant in the river, to change the water level manipulation strategy to improve fish passage from impoundments, or to breach all impoundments. We also wanted to evaluate how impoundments and natural mortality influence the export of age-0 spot. The optimal management decision was to change the water level manipulation strategy to increase fish passage from the impoundments. Spot export was most sensitive to juvenile settlement in the estuary and natural mortality. The results of this model can be used adaptively for impoundment management along the Combahee River and can be modified for other estuarine areas or other fish species.
C1 [Jennings, Cecil A.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, DB Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Jennings, CA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, DB Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM jennings@uga.edu
FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
FX We thank M. Alber, J. Peterson, and S. Schweitzer for input into
experimental design and comments on the manuscript; M. Conroy for input
into experimental design; and J. Robinson, K. Rose, B. Roumillat, C.
Shea, and two anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript. We
also thank J. Archambault and B. Roumillat for providing Combahee River
fish and water quality data as well as input into experimental design.
This research was supported with a grant from the National Fish and
Wildlife Foundation. References to trade names in this article do not
imply endorsement of these products by the U.S. Geological Survey.
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SN 1942-5120
J9 MAR COAST FISH
JI Mar. Coast. Fish.
PY 2012
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BP 156
EP 172
DI 10.1080/19425120.2012.675984
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SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 049TX
UT WOS:000312007400013
ER
PT J
AU Limburg, KE
Richkus, WA
Miller, LM
AF Limburg, Karin E.
Richkus, William A.
Miller, Larry M.
TI Introduction to a Special Section: American Shad and River Herring
SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Limburg, Karin E.] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Richkus, William A.] Versar Inc, Columbia, MD 21045 USA.
[Miller, Larry M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Allegheny Natl Fish Hatchery, Warren, PA 16365 USA.
RP Limburg, KE (reprint author), SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
RI Limburg, Karin/M-8380-2013
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J9 MAR COAST FISH
JI Mar. Coast. Fish.
PY 2012
VL 4
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BP 173
EP 173
DI 10.1080/19425120.2012.676959
PG 1
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 049TX
UT WOS:000312007400014
ER
PT J
AU Mather, ME
Frank, HJ
Smith, JM
Cormier, RD
Muth, RM
Finn, JT
AF Mather, Martha E.
Frank, Holly J.
Smith, Joseph M.
Cormier, Roxann D.
Muth, Robert M.
Finn, John T.
TI Assessing Freshwater Habitat of Adult Anadromous Alewives Using Multiple
Approaches
SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; VIRGINIA STREAM; NORTH-CAROLINA; LIFE-HISTORY;
RIVER; CONSERVATION; FISH; MOVEMENTS; LAKE; CONNECTICUT
AB After centuries of disturbance, environmental professionals now recognize the need to restore coastal watersheds for native fish and protect the larger ecosystems on which fish and other aquatic biota depend. Anadromous fish species are an important component of coastal ecosystems that are often adversely affected by human activities. Restoring native anadromous fish species is a common focus of both fish and coastal watershed restoration. Yet restoration efforts have met with uneven success, often due to lack of knowledge about habitat availability and use. Using habitat surveys and radio tracking of adult anadromous alewives Alosa pseudoharengus during their spring spawning migration, we illustrate amethod for quantifying habitat using multiple approaches and for relatingmobile fish distribution to habitat. In the Ipswich River, Massachusetts, measuring habitat units and physical conditions at transects (width, depth, and velocity) provided an ecological basis for the interpretation of landscape patterns of fish distribution. Mapping habitat units allowed us to efficiently census habitat relevant to alewives for the entire 20.6 river kilometers of interest. Our transect data reinforced the results of the habitat unit survey and provided useful, high-resolution ecological data for restoration efforts. Tagged alewives spent little time in riffle-run habitats and substantial time in pools, although the locations of pool occupancy varied. The insights we provide here can be used to (1) identify preferred habitats into which anadromous fish can be reintroduced in order to maximize fish survival and reproduction and (2) pinpoint habitat types in urgent need of protection or restoration.
C1 [Mather, Martha E.] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Mather, ME (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish andWildlife Res Unit, Div Biol, 204B Leasure Hall, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
EM mmather@ksu.edu
FU Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries; Ebsco Publishing; New
England BioLabs; Ipswich Bay Fly Fishing Derby; Northeast Utilities;
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX This project was administered through the Massachusetts Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit, a cooperation among the University of
Massachusetts, the U. S. Geological Survey, the Massachusetts Division
of Marine Fisheries, the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and
Wildlife, and the Wildlife Management Institute. The Massachusetts
Division of Marine Fisheries, Ebsco Publishing, New England BioLabs,
Ipswich Bay Fly Fishing Derby, numerous alewife adopters, Northeast
Utilities, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service are acknowledged for
support. A. Silberzweig, S. Turner, and M. Burak provided field
assistance. Special thanks to the Plum Island Long Term Ecological
Research (Ocean Sciences 9726921) for generously providing lodging. This
research was conducted under the approved University of Massachusetts
IACUC 27-02-03. Use of brand names does not imply endorsement by the U.
S. government. Comments from M. Armstrong, A. Haro, D. Beauchamp, P.
Budy, R. Rulifson, and one anonymous reviewer improved the manuscript.
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SN 1942-5120
J9 MAR COAST FISH
JI Mar. Coast. Fish.
PY 2012
VL 4
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BP 188
EP 200
DI 10.1080/19425120.2012.675980
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 049TX
UT WOS:000312007400016
ER
PT J
AU Haro, A
Castro-Santos, T
AF Haro, Alex
Castro-Santos, Theodore
TI Passage of American Shad: Paradigms and Realities
SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID ANADROMOUS FISH RESTORATION; ALOSA-SAPIDISSIMA; VELOCITY BARRIERS;
RIVER; DAM; SURVIVAL; BEHAVIOR; CLUPEID
AB Despite more than 250 years of development, the passage of American shad Alosa sapidissima at dams and other barriers frequently remains problematic. Few improvements in design based on knowledge of the swimming, schooling, and migratory behaviors of American shad have been incorporated into passage structures. Large-scale technical fishways designed for the passage of adult salmonids on the Columbia River have been presumed to have good performance for American shad but have never been rigorously evaluated for this species. Similar but smaller fishway designs on the East Coast frequently have poor performance. Provision of effective downstream passage for both juvenile and postspawning adult American shad has been given little consideration in most passage projects. Ways to attract and guide American shad to both fishway entrances and downstream bypasses remain marginally understood. The historical development of passage structures for American shad has resulted in assumptions and paradigms about American shad behavior and passage that are frequently unsubstantiated by supporting data or appropriate experimentation. We propose that many of these assumptions and paradigms are either unfounded or invalid and that significant improvements to American shad upstream and downstream passage can be made via a sequential program of behavioral experimentation, application of experimental results to the physical and hydraulic design of new structures, and controlled tests of large-scale prototype structures in the laboratory and field.
C1 [Haro, Alex; Castro-Santos, Theodore] US Geol Survey, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Lab, Biol Resources Discipline, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
RP Haro, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Lab, Biol Resources Discipline, 1 Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
EM aharo@usgs.gov
OI Haro, Alexander/0000-0002-7188-9172; Castro-Santos,
Theodore/0000-0003-2575-9120
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SN 1942-5120
J9 MAR COAST FISH
JI Mar. Coast. Fish.
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 1
BP 252
EP 261
DI 10.1080/19425120.2012.675975
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 049TX
UT WOS:000312007400021
ER
PT J
AU Harris, JE
Hightower, JE
AF Harris, Julianne E.
Hightower, Joseph E.
TI Demographic Population Model for American Shad: Will Access to
Additional Habitat Upstream of Dams Increase Population Sizes?
SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID DEPENDENT MATRIX MODEL; ALOSA-SAPIDISSIMA; CONNECTICUT RIVER;
NORTH-CAROLINA; ROANOKE RIVER; LIFE-HISTORY; SPAWNING HABITAT; CLASS
STRENGTH; STRIPED BASS; JAMES RIVER
AB American shad Alosa sapidissima are in decline in their native range, andmodeling possible management scenarios could help guide their restoration. We developed a density-dependent, deterministic, stage-based matrix model to predict the population-level results of transporting American shad to suitable spawning habitat upstream of dams on the Roanoke River, North Carolina and Virginia. We used data on sonic-tagged adult American shad and oxytetracycline-marked American shad fry both above and below dams on the Roanoke River with information from other systems to estimate a starting population size and vital rates. We modeled the adult female population over 30 years under plausible scenarios of adult transport, effective fecundity (egg production), and survival of adults (i.e., to return to spawn the next year) and juveniles (from spawned egg to age 1). We also evaluated the potential effects of increased survival for adults and juveniles. The adult female population size in the Roanoke River was estimated to be 5,224. With no transport, the model predicted a slow population increase over the next 30 years. Predicted population increases were highest when survival was improved during the first year of life. Transport was predicted to benefit the population only if high rates of effective fecundity and juvenile survival could be achieved. Currently, transported adults and young are less likely to successfully out-migrate than individuals below the dams, and the estimated adult population size is much smaller than either of two assumed values of carrying capacity for the lower river; therefore, transport is not predicted to help restore the stock under present conditions. Research on survival rates, density-dependent processes, and the impacts of structures to increase out-migration success would improve evaluation of the potential benefits of access to additional spawning habitat for American shad.
C1 [Harris, Julianne E.; Hightower, Joseph E.] N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, N Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol,David Clark Labs 127, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Harris, JE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, N Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol,David Clark Labs 127, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM jeharris@ncsu.edu
FU Do-minion/North Carolina Power; North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission; North Carolina State University; U.S. Geological Survey;
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank Jeffery Buckel, Thomas Kwak, and Kenneth Pollock for help with
the design and analysis of this study. We also thank Kevin Dockendorf,
Jeremy McCargo, and Jeff Evans of the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission and Sara Winslow of the North Carolina Division of Marine
Fisheries for help with obtaining and permission to use their data. We
appreciate Fritz Rohde and Drew Dutterer for their helpful comments on
an earlier draft of this manuscript. This work was funded by
Do-minion/North Carolina Power and the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission. The Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
supported by North Carolina State University, North Carolina Wildlife
Resources Commission, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, and Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1942-5120
J9 MAR COAST FISH
JI Mar. Coast. Fish.
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 1
BP 262
EP 283
DI 10.1080/19425120.2012.675969
PG 22
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 049TX
UT WOS:000312007400022
ER
PT J
AU Moyer, GR
Williams, AS
AF Moyer, G. R.
Williams, A. S.
TI Assessment of Genetic Diversity for American Shad in the Santee-Cooper
River Basin of South Carolina prior to Hatchery Augmentation
SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; MULTILOCUS
GENOTYPE DATA; ALOSA-SAPIDISSIMA; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; COHO SALMON;
NATURAL-POPULATIONS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; STEELHEAD TROUT; DNA MARKERS
AB American shad Alosa sapidissima once supported large commercial fisheries along the Atlantic coast, but by the early 1980s many of these fisheries had declined precipitously. In contrast to most Atlantic coastal rivers, the abundance of American shad in the Santee-Cooper River basin of South Carolina has grown substantially; still, much of their upstream spawning habitat in this watershed has been restricted or adversely affected by impoundments. In an effort to rebuild populations in upstream river reaches of the Santee-Cooper basin, state and federal agencies developed an approach relying on hatchery augmentation, the relocation of prespawning adults, and the construction of permanent fish passage structures. Genetic monitoring was adopted to ensure that the genetic integrity of the population remains intact during the rebuilding process. Our study provided an initial assessment of genetic diversity for the genetic monitoring program. There were three components to the study: an assessment of within-basin genetic stock structure, a comparison of genetic diversity (the number of alleles and observed heterozygosity) between hatchery and wild stocks, and an evaluation of molecular tags for monitoring hatchery returns. The estimation of genetic diversity and the assessment of molecular tags were based on 10 microsatellite loci. We found no apparent stock structure in the Santee-Cooper basin and no difference in genetic diversity between broodstock and their wild counterparts. Eight microsatellite markers provided enough resolution to successfully (>95% assignment success) match returning American shad with their respective hatchery parents. Our results highlight the utility and importance of integrating genetic information in supportive breeding programs in an effort to evaluate the programs' effectiveness (both in terms of increasing the census size and in terms of maintaining the long-term viability of a population).
C1 [Moyer, G. R.; Williams, A. S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Warm Springs Fish Technol Ctr, Conservat Genet Lab, Warm Springs, GA 31830 USA.
RP Moyer, GR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Warm Springs Fish Technol Ctr, Conservat Genet Lab, 5308 Spring St, Warm Springs, GA 31830 USA.
EM greg_moyer@fws.gov
FU Santee Cooperative Accord; Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC; South Carolina
Electric and Gas Company
FX We would like to thank W. Booker, M. Cantrell, D. Coughlan, R. Heise, A.
Hill, B. Post, M. Quattlebaum, L. Rose, F. Sessions, and W. Starnes for
sample collection. We also thank M. Bartron and S. Julian for providing
initial multiplex PCR reaction conditions. Figure 1 was provided by M.
Cantrell. Under the Santee Cooperative Accord, Duke Energy Carolinas,
LLC, and South Carolina Electric and Gas Company provided funding to
G.R.M. for this project. Use of trade names throughout the manuscript
does not constitute endorsement by the United States government.
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SN 1942-5120
J9 MAR COAST FISH
JI Mar. Coast. Fish.
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 1
BP 312
EP 326
DI 10.1080/19425120.2012.675966
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 049TX
UT WOS:000312007400026
ER
PT J
AU Trushenski, JT
Bowzer, JC
Bowker, JD
Schwarz, MH
AF Trushenski, Jesse T.
Bowzer, John C.
Bowker, James D.
Schwarz, Michael H.
TI Chemical and Electrical Approaches to Sedation of Cobia: Induction,
Recovery, and Physiological Responses to Sedation
SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; HYBRID STRIPED BASS; COD
GADUS-MORHUA; CLOVE OIL; RACHYCENTRON-CANADUM; ATLANTIC SALMON; TRICAINE
METHANESULFONATE; PLASMA-CORTISOL; JUVENILE COBIA
AB To support the growing interest in marine fisheries research in areas such as biotelemetry, tagging, and tracking, we assessed the ability of various sedatives to facilitate this research in juvenile cobias Rachycentron canadum (similar to 300 g), namely, tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222; 150 mg/L), carbon dioxide (CO2; similar to 750 mg/L), eugenol (60 mg/L), benzocaine (150 mg/L), and pulsed-DC electrosedation (100 V, 30 Hz, 25% duty cycle, 5-s exposure). Induction times (CO2 [z] > benzocaine [y] > eugenol [y] > MS-222 [y] > electrosedation [x]), recovery of equilibrium (CO2 [z] > eugenol [z] > MS-222 [y] > benzocaine [y] > electrosedation [x]), and responsiveness to tactile stimulus (eugenol [z] > MS-222 [y] > benzocaine [y] > CO2 [xy] > electrosedation [x]) differed significantly among the sedative treatments (treatments with the same letters are not significantly different). Total handling time from initial sedative exposure to recovery differed among the sedatives as well (CO2 [z] > eugenol [y] > benzocaine [x] > MS-222 [x] > electrosedation [w]), with cumulative means +/- SEs of 5.9 +/- 0.2 min for CO2, 4.1 +/- 0.2 for eugenol, 2.7 +/- 0.2 min for benzocaine and MS-222, and 1.0 +/- 0.2 min for electrosedation. Physiological responses differed significantly over time, with transient increases in plasma cortisol, glucose, osmolality, and lactate that were resolved within 6 h. The overall magnitude of the physiological responses differed among sedatives, depending on the response variable; however, in each case, CO2 elicited the greatest response. Although variations in induction and recovery times were observed, it is likely that these differences can be reasonably accommodated within the context of typical research by adjusting the sedative treatments or allowing for longer induction and recovery times as needed.
C1 [Trushenski, Jesse T.; Bowzer, John C.] So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Bowker, James D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Schwarz, Michael H.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Seafood Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Hampton, VA 23669 USA.
RP Trushenski, JT (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, 1125 Lincoln Dr,Room 173, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
EM saluski@siu.edu
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SN 1942-5120
J9 MAR COAST FISH
JI Mar. Coast. Fish.
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 1
BP 639
EP 650
DI 10.1080/19425120.2012.728182
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 049TX
UT WOS:000312007400049
ER
PT J
AU Haase, KB
Keene, WC
Pszenny, AAP
Mayne, HR
Talbot, RW
Sive, BC
AF Haase, K. B.
Keene, W. C.
Pszenny, A. A. P.
Mayne, H. R.
Talbot, R. W.
Sive, B. C.
TI Calibration and intercomparison of acetic acid measurements using
proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS)
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ENGLAND AIR-QUALITY; GAS-PHASE; AMBIENT AIR;
PERFORMANCE-CHARACTERISTICS; FORMALDEHYDE MEASUREMENTS; EMISSIONS;
ATMOSPHERE; OZONE; VALIDATION
AB Acetic acid is one of the most abundant organic acids in the ambient atmosphere, with maximum mixing ratios reaching into the tens of parts per billion by volume (ppbv) range. The identities and associated magnitudes of the major sources and sinks for acetic acid are poorly characterized, due in part to the limitations of available measurement techniques. This paper demonstrates that, when properly calibrated, proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) can be a valuable technique for fast response, accurate quantification of acetic acid in ambient air. Three different PTR-MS configurations were calibrated at low ppbv mixing ratios using permeation tubes, which yielded calibration factors between 7.0 and 10.9 normalized counts per second per ppbv (ncps ppbv(-1)) at a drift tube field strength of 132 Townsend (Td). Detection limits ranged from 0.06 to 0.32 ppbv with dwell times of 5 s. These calibration factors showed negligible humidity dependence. Acetic acid was measured with PTR-MS on Appledore B Island, ME, during the International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT) campaign and validated based on acetic acid measured in parallel using tandem mist chambers coupled with ion chromatography (MC/IC). Mixing ratios ranged from a minimum of 0.075 +/- 0.004 ppbv to 3.555 +/- 0.171 ppbv, with a median mixing ratio of 0.530 +/- 0.025 ppbv. An orthogonal least squares linear regression of paired data yielded a slope of 1.14 +/- 0.06 (2 sigma), an intercept of 0.049 +/- 0.020 (2 sigma) ppbv, and an R-2 of 0.78.
C1 [Haase, K. B.; Pszenny, A. A. P.; Talbot, R. W.; Sive, B. C.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Keene, W. C.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Mayne, H. R.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Chem, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Talbot, R. W.] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Sive, B. C.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Chem, Boone, NC 28608 USA.
RP Haase, KB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 432, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM khaase@usgs.gov
FU Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research at the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration [NA04OAR4600154, NA05OAR4601080]; National
Science Foundation [ATM 0401628, ATM 0401622]
FX Financial support for this work was provided by the Office of Oceanic
and Atmospheric Research at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration under grants NA04OAR4600154 and NA05OAR4601080 to the
University of New Hampshire and by the National Science Foundation
through awards to the University of Virginia (ATM 0401628) and the
University of New Hampshire (ATM 0401622). We thank L. C. Nielson, E.
Fitz, T. Hagan, K. Garrison, K. Carpenter, Y. Zhou, R. Russo, J.
Ambrose, M. White, H. Mao, E. Fischer, J. Maben, A. Smith, and others
who have contributed to the measurements and management of the extensive
AIRMAP database. We would like to thank Kevan Wyche and Paul Monks from
the University of Leicester for providing detailed information about the
response of their CIR-TOF-MS instrument to acetic acid. We would also
like to thank Anita Lee of the US EPA, and Carsten Warneke of NOAA for
providing clarification on their acetic acid calibration techniques. The
US Geological Survey provided support while this manuscript was being
prepared.
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PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
EI 1867-8548
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 11
BP 2739
EP 2750
DI 10.5194/amt-5-2739-2012
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 046ZK
UT WOS:000311804400015
ER
PT B
AU Adams, NS
Beeman, JW
Eiler, JH
AF Adams, Noah S.
Beeman, John W.
Eiler, John H.
BE Adams, NS
Beeman, JW
Eiler, JH
TI Telemetry Techniques: A User Guide for Fisheries Research Introduction
SO TELEMETRY TECHNIQUES: A USER GUIDE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
ID TRACKING
C1 [Adams, Noah S.; Beeman, John W.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Eiler, John H.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Adams, NS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM nadams@usgs.gov; jbeeman@usgs.gov; john.eiler@noaa.gov
NR 5
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U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-26-4
PY 2012
BP 3
EP 5
PG 3
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA BCW30
UT WOS:000311651600001
ER
PT B
AU Hockersmith, EE
Beeman, JW
AF Hockersmith, Eric E.
Beeman, John W.
BE Adams, NS
Beeman, JW
Eiler, JH
TI A History of Telemetry in Fishery Research
SO TELEMETRY TECHNIQUES: A USER GUIDE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID TRACKING TECHNIQUES; STEELHEAD TROUT; RADIO TELEMETRY; TRANSMITTER;
MOVEMENTS; SALMON; BIOTELEMETRY; TECHNOLOGY; SYSTEM
C1 [Hockersmith, Eric E.] USA, Corps Engineers, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA.
[Beeman, John W.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Hockersmith, EE (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 201 N 3rd Ave, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA.
EM Eric.E.Hockersmith@usace.army.mil; jbeeman@usgs.gov
NR 45
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-26-4
PY 2012
BP 7
EP 19
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA BCW30
UT WOS:000311651600002
ER
PT B
AU Liedtke, TL
Rub, AMW
AF Liedtke, Theresa L.
Rub, A. Michelle Wargo
BE Adams, NS
Beeman, JW
Eiler, JH
TI Techniques for Telemetry Transmitter Attachment and Evaluation of
Transmitter Effects on Fish Performance
SO TELEMETRY TECHNIQUES: A USER GUIDE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; IMPLANTED RADIO TRANSMITTERS; ADULT ATLANTIC
SALMON; DUMMY ACOUSTIC TRANSMITTERS; HYBRID STRIPED BASS; COD
GADUS-MORHUA; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; RAINBOW-TROUT; INTRAGASTRIC
TRANSMITTERS; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA
C1 [Liedtke, Theresa L.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Rub, A. Michelle Wargo] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Liedtke, TL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 5501 A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM tliedtke@usgs.gov; michelle.rub@noaa.gov
NR 172
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-26-4
PY 2012
BP 45
EP 87
PG 43
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA BCW30
UT WOS:000311651600004
ER
PT B
AU Evans, SD
Stevenson, JR
AF Evans, Scott D.
Stevenson, John R.
BE Adams, NS
Beeman, JW
Eiler, JH
TI Optimization of Radio Telemetry Receiving Systems
SO TELEMETRY TECHNIQUES: A USER GUIDE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Evans, Scott D.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Stevenson, John R.] BioAnalysts Inc, Redmond, WA 98052 USA.
RP Evans, SD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM sdevans@usgs.gov; john.stevenson@bioanalysts.net
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-26-4
PY 2012
BP 139
EP 161
PG 23
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA BCW30
UT WOS:000311651600006
ER
PT B
AU Beeman, JW
Hockersmith, EE
Stevenson, JR
AF Beeman, John W.
Hockersmith, Eric E.
Stevenson, John R.
BE Adams, NS
Beeman, JW
Eiler, JH
TI Design and Performance of Radio Telemetry Systems for Assessing Juvenile
Fish Passage at Three Hydroelectric Dams
SO TELEMETRY TECHNIQUES: A USER GUIDE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID YEARLING CHINOOK SALMON; SNAKE RIVER; COLUMBIA RIVER; SURVIVAL;
RADIOTELEMETRY; TRANSMITTERS; IMPOUNDMENTS; STEELHEAD; BYPASS
C1 [Beeman, John W.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Hockersmith, Eric E.] USA, Corps Engineers, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA.
[Stevenson, John R.] BioAnalysts Inc, Redmond, WA 98052 USA.
RP Beeman, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jbeeman@usgs.gov; Eric.E.Hockersmith@usace.army.mil;
john.stevenson@bioanalysts.net
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-26-4
PY 2012
BP 281
EP 302
PG 22
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA BCW30
UT WOS:000311651600012
ER
PT B
AU Steig, T
Holbrook, C
AF Steig, Tracey
Holbrook, Christopher
BE Adams, NS
Beeman, JW
Eiler, JH
TI Use of Acoustic Telemetry to Evaluate Survival and Behavior of Juvenile
Salmonids at Hydroelectric Dams: a Case Study from Rocky Reach Dam,
Columbia River, USA
SO TELEMETRY TECHNIQUES: A USER GUIDE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID PASSAGE SURVIVAL; FISH; RADIOTELEMETRY; PROJECT; SMOLTS; MODEL; TAGS
C1 [Steig, Tracey] Hydroacoust Technol Inc, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Holbrook, Christopher] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Western Basin Ecosyst Branch, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
RP Steig, T (reprint author), Hydroacoust Technol Inc, 715 NE Northlake Way, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM tsteig@htisonar.com; cholbrook@usgs.gov
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-26-4
PY 2012
BP 361
EP 387
PG 27
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA BCW30
UT WOS:000311651600015
ER
PT B
AU Castro-Santos, T
Perry, RW
AF Castro-Santos, Theodore
Perry, Russell W.
BE Adams, NS
Beeman, JW
Eiler, JH
TI Time-to-Event Analysis as a Framework for Quantifying Fish Passage
Performance
SO TELEMETRY TECHNIQUES: A USER GUIDE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID PACIFIC SALMONID SMOLTS; VELOCITY BARRIERS; SURVIVAL REGRESSION;
JUVENILE SALMON; BEHAVIOR; FLOW; ACCELERATION
C1 [Castro-Santos, Theodore] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
[Perry, Russell W.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Castro-Santos, T (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, 1 Migratory Way,POB 796, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
EM tcastrosantos@usgs.gov; rperry@usgs.gov
OI Castro-Santos, Theodore/0000-0003-2575-9120
NR 27
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-26-4
PY 2012
BP 427
EP 452
PG 26
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA BCW30
UT WOS:000311651600018
ER
PT B
AU Perry, RW
Castro-Santos, T
Holbrook, CM
Sandford, BP
AF Perry, Russell W.
Castro-Santos, Theodore
Holbrook, Christopher M.
Sandford, Benjamin P.
BE Adams, NS
Beeman, JW
Eiler, JH
TI Using Mark-Recapture Models to Estimate Survival from Telemetry Data
SO TELEMETRY TECHNIQUES: A USER GUIDE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; RADIOTELEMETRY; ANIMALS; HYPOTHESES
C1 [Perry, Russell W.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Castro-Santos, Theodore] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
[Holbrook, Christopher M.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Western Basin Ecosyst Branch, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Sandford, Benjamin P.] NOAA, Pasco, WA 99361 USA.
RP Perry, RW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM rperry@usgs.gov; tcastrosantos@usgs.gov; cholbrook@usgs.gov;
ben.sandford@noaa.gov
OI Castro-Santos, Theodore/0000-0003-2575-9120
NR 26
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-26-4
PY 2012
BP 453
EP 475
PG 23
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA BCW30
UT WOS:000311651600019
ER
PT B
AU Hardiman, JM
Walker, CE
Counihan, TD
AF Hardiman, Jill M.
Walker, Chris E.
Counihan, Tim D.
BE Adams, NS
Beeman, JW
Eiler, JH
TI Developing a Quality Assurance Plan for Telemetry Studies: a Necessary
Management Tool for an Effective Study
SO TELEMETRY TECHNIQUES: A USER GUIDE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CHINOOK SALMON; RIVER; RADIOTELEMETRY; MIGRATION; SURVIVAL; BIAS
C1 [Hardiman, Jill M.; Counihan, Tim D.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Walker, Chris E.] USA, Corps Engineers, Portland, OR 97208 USA.
RP Hardiman, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jhardiman@usgs.gov; Christopher.E.Walker@usace.army.mil;
tcounihan@usgs.gov
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-26-4
PY 2012
BP 477
EP 490
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA BCW30
UT WOS:000311651600020
ER
PT B
AU Beeman, JW
Perry, RW
AF Beeman, John W.
Perry, Russell W.
BE Adams, NS
Beeman, JW
Eiler, JH
TI Bias from False-Positive Detections and Strategies for their Removal in
Studies Using Telemetry
SO TELEMETRY TECHNIQUES: A USER GUIDE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID MARKED ANIMALS; SURVIVAL; MIGRATION
C1 [Beeman, John W.; Perry, Russell W.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Beeman, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jbeeman@usgs.gov; rperry@usgs.gov
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-26-4
PY 2012
BP 505
EP 518
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA BCW30
UT WOS:000311651600022
ER
PT J
AU Little, AM
Guntenspergen, GR
Allen, TFH
AF Little, Amanda M.
Guntenspergen, Glenn R.
Allen, Timothy F. H.
TI Wetland vegetation dynamics in response to beaver (Castor canadensis)
activity at multiple scales
SO ECOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE beaver wetland; Castor canadensis; disturbance; ecosystem engineer;
succession; wetland plant community
ID NATIONAL-PARK; LANDSCAPES; POPULATION; SUCCESSION; MANAGEMENT; MEADOWS;
PATTERN; MAINE; PONDS
AB Beaver activity is often considered a hydrologic disturbance that "resets" succession. We determined how beaver impoundment and wetland size and water chemistry affected the vegetation and succession of 25 beaver meadows and ponds using the space-for-time substitution. We used aerial photography to investigate whether a large 1947 fire in one region of Mount Desert Island, Maine, led to differences in regional temporal fluctuations in beaver pond occupancy over 60 y and determined whether these fluctuations led to different regional distributions of beaver wetland plant community types. Cluster analysis segregated 4 wetland groups: sedge meadows, sedge fens, shrub fens, and forested fens, which segregated along gradients of time since dam collapse, water chemistry, and wetland size. Beaver did not affect water chemistry or wetland size. Pond vegetation was a function of community type prior to flooding, water chemistry, and geomorphic setting. The successional model consisted of 2 separate cycles, corresponding to differences in pH and peat accumulations. Beaver pond creation rates differed in burned and unburned regions over time. Due to increased activity in the burned region, there was a different distribution of plant communities between the regions. Wetlands abandoned at the peak of beaver pond creation in 1979 were flooded for shorter durations, resulting in forested fen vegetation.. Beaver activity created different successional cycles within different water chemistry and geomorphic contexts. Water chemistry, wetland size, and initial wetland state, which primarily determined non-forested wetland type, were not influenced by beaver.
C1 [Little, Amanda M.] Univ Wisconsin Stout, Dept Biol, Menomonie, WI 54751 USA.
[Guntenspergen, Glenn R.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Allen, Timothy F. H.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Bot, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Little, AM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Stout, Dept Biol, POB 790, Menomonie, WI 54751 USA.
EM littlea@uwstout.edu
FU US Geological Survey Natural Resources Preservation Program grant; US
Geological Survey SCEP program; University of Wisconsin-Madison
Department of Botany; Society of Wetland Scientists
FX This research was funded by a US Geological Survey Natural Resources
Preservation Program grant to G. Guntenspergen and H. Neckles. We thank
the US Geological Survey SCEP program, the University of
Wisconsin-Madison Department of Botany, and the Society of Wetland
Scientists for support to A. Little. D. Manski, B. Gawley, B. Connery,
K. Anderson, and B. Childrey at Acadia National Park provided
logistical, laboratory, GIS, and archival support. C. Peschka, M. Gahl,
L. Willey, A. Kettel, M. Kuchta, and A. Flaaten helped collect field
data. M. Haramis, J. Austin, and an anonymous reviewer made helpful
comments on earlier versions of this manuscript.
NR 51
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 94
PU UNIVERSITE LAVAL
PI ST FOY
PA PAVILLON CHARLES-EUGENE MARCHAND, LOCAL 0166, ST FOY, QUEBEC G1K 7P4,
CANADA
SN 1195-6860
J9 ECOSCIENCE
JI Ecoscience
PY 2012
VL 19
IS 3
BP 246
EP 257
DI 10.2980/19-3-3498
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 034AR
UT WOS:000310843000007
ER
PT J
AU Stets, EG
Striegl, RG
AF Stets, Edward G.
Striegl, Robert G.
TI Carbon export by rivers draining the conterminous United States
SO INLAND WATERS
LA English
DT Article
DE biogeochemistry; carbon cycle; inorganic carbon; load estimation;
organic carbon; rivers
ID ORGANIC-CARBON; CO2 CONSUMPTION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; NORTH-AMERICA;
TRANSPORT; EROSION; WATERSHEDS; OCEANS; CYCLE; FLUX
AB Material exports by rivers, particularly carbon exports, provide insight to basin geology, weathering, and ecological processes within the basin. Accurate accounting of those exports is valuable to understanding present, past, and projected basin-wide changes in those processes. We calculated lateral export of inorganic and organic carbon (IC and OC) from rivers draining the conterminous United States using stream gaging and water quality data from more than 100 rivers. Approximately 90% of land area and 80% of water export were included, which enabled a continental-scale estimate using minor extrapolation. Total carbon export was 41-49 Tg C yr(-1). IC was >75% of export and exceeded OC export in every region except the southeastern Atlantic seaboard. The 10 largest rivers, by discharge, accounted for 66% of water export and carried 74 and 62% of IC and OC export, respectively. Watershed carbon yield for the conterminous United States was 4.2 and 1.3 g C m(-2) yr(-1) for IC and OC, respectively. The dominance of IC export was unexpected but is consistent with geologic models suggesting high weathering rates in the continental United States due to the prevalence of easily weathered sedimentary rock.
C1 [Stets, Edward G.; Striegl, Robert G.] US Geol Survey, Branch Reg Res, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Stets, EG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Branch Reg Res, 3215 Marine St,Ste E-127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM estets@usgs.gov
OI Stets, Edward/0000-0001-5375-0196
FU USGS
FX This study was supported by the USGS LandCarbon project. We thank Dave
Lorenz for helpful input on calculating confidence intervals on the load
estimates. Brent Aulenbach and Brian Bergamaschi provided useful
comments on earlier versions of this manuscript.
NR 24
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 33
PU FRESHWATER BIOLOGICAL ASSOC
PI AMBLESIDE
PA THE FERRY HOUSE, FAR SAWREY, AMBLESIDE, CUMBRIA LA22 0LP, ENGLAND
SN 2044-2041
J9 INLAND WATERS
JI Inland Waters
PY 2012
VL 2
IS 4
BP 177
EP 184
DI 10.5268/IW-2.4.510
PG 8
WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 034OD
UT WOS:000310881900002
ER
PT J
AU Downing, JA
Cole, JJ
Duarte, CM
Middelburg, JJ
Melack, JM
Prairie, YT
Kortelainen, P
Striegl, RG
McDowell, WH
Tranvik, LJ
AF Downing, J. A.
Cole, J. J.
Duarte, C. M.
Middelburg, J. J.
Melack, J. M.
Prairie, Y. T.
Kortelainen, P.
Striegl, R. G.
McDowell, W. H.
Tranvik, L. J.
TI Global abundance and size distribution of streams and rivers
SO INLAND WATERS
LA English
DT Article
DE streams; rivers; global; size distributions; area; carbon cycling;
stream order
ID UNITED-STATES; CHANNEL NETWORKS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; LAKES; DENITRIFICATION;
RESERVOIRS; BASIN; CO2; SUPERSATURATION; WATERSHEDS
AB To better integrate lotic ecosystems into global cycles and budgets, we provide approximations of the size-distribution and areal extent of streams and rivers. One approach we used was to employ stream network theory combined with data on stream width. We also used detailed stream networks on 2 continents to estimate the fraction of continental area occupied by streams worldwide and corrected remote sensing stream inventories for unresolved small streams. Our estimates of global fluvial area are 485 000 to 662 000 km(2) and are +30-300% of published appraisals. Moderately sized rivers (orders 5-9) seem to comprise the greatest global area, with less area covered by low and high order streams, while global stream length, and therefore the riparian interface, is dominated by 1st order streams. Rivers and streams are likely to cover 0.30-0.56% of the land surface and make contributions to global processes and greenhouse gas emissions that may be +20-200% greater than those implied by previous estimates.
C1 [Downing, J. A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Cole, J. J.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA.
[Duarte, C. M.] Univ Western Australia, UWA Oceans Inst, Crawley 6009, Australia.
[Duarte, C. M.] IMEDEA CSIC UIB, Esporles, Islas Baleares, Spain.
[Middelburg, J. J.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Middelburg, J. J.] Netherlands Inst Ecol, Yerseke, Netherlands.
[Melack, J. M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Prairie, Y. T.] Univ Quebec, Dept Sci Biol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
[Kortelainen, P.] Finnish Environm Inst, Helsinki 00251, Finland.
[Striegl, R. G.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Denver, CO 80002 USA.
[McDowell, W. H.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Tranvik, L. J.] Dept Ecol & Genet, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
RP Downing, JA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM downing@iastate.edu
RI Duarte, Carlos M/A-7670-2013; Middelburg, Jack/B-4951-2011; Tranvik,
Lars/H-2222-2011; Prairie, Yves/B-9108-2008; McDowell,
William/E-9767-2010
OI Duarte, Carlos M/0000-0002-1213-1361; Middelburg,
Jack/0000-0003-3601-9072; McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; NSF
[DEB-94-21535]; University of California at Santa Barbara; State of
California; Spanish Ministry of Science
FX This work was conducted as a part of the ITAC (Integration of the
Terrestrial and Aquatic Carbon) Working Group supported by the National
Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by NSF
(Grant DEB-94-21535), the University of California at Santa Barbara, and
the State of California. This contribution also benefited from the
support of the Spanish Ministry of Science through a sabbatical grant to
JAD. We are grateful to David Clow for comments on an early draft.
NR 57
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Z9 42
U1 9
U2 104
PU FRESHWATER BIOLOGICAL ASSOC
PI AMBLESIDE
PA THE FERRY HOUSE, FAR SAWREY, AMBLESIDE, CUMBRIA LA22 0LP, ENGLAND
SN 2044-2041
J9 INLAND WATERS
JI Inland Waters
PY 2012
VL 2
IS 4
BP 229
EP 236
DI 10.5268/IW-2.4.502
PG 8
WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 034OD
UT WOS:000310881900007
ER
PT J
AU Jay, CV
Fischbach, AS
Kochnev, AA
AF Jay, Chadwick V.
Fischbach, Anthony S.
Kochnev, Anatoly A.
TI Walrus areas of use in the Chukchi Sea during sparse sea ice cover
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Odobenus rosmarus; Foraging; Kernel density; Climate change; Utilization
ID ODOBENUS-ROSMARUS-DIVERGENS; MARINE MAMMALS; BERING-SEA; BEHAVIOR;
ESTIMATORS; CLIMATE
AB The Pacific walrus Odobenus rosmarus divergens feeds on benthic invertebrates on the continental shelf of the Chukchi and Bering Seas and rests on sea ice between foraging trips. With climate warming, ice-free periods in the Chukchi Sea have increased and are projected to increase further in frequency and duration. We radio-tracked walruses to estimate areas of walrus foraging and occupancy in the Chukchi Sea from June to November of 2008 to 2011, years when sea ice was sparse over the continental shelf in comparison to historical records. The earlier and more extensive sea ice retreat in June to September, and delayed freeze-up of sea ice in October to November, created conditions for walruses to arrive earlier and stay later in the Chukchi Sea than in the past. The lack of sea ice over the continental shelf from September to October caused walruses to forage in nearshore areas instead of offshore areas as in the past. Walruses did not frequent the deep waters of the Arctic Basin when sea ice retreated off the shelf. Walruses foraged in most areas they occupied, and areas of concentrated foraging generally corresponded to regions of high benthic biomass, such as in the northeastern (Hanna Shoal) and southwestern Chukchi Sea. A notable exception was the occurrence of concentrated foraging in a nearshore area of northwestern Alaska that is apparently depauperate in walrus prey. With increasing sea ice loss, it is likely that walruses will increase their use of coastal haul-outs and nearshore foraging areas, with consequences to the population that are yet to be understood.
C1 [Jay, Chadwick V.; Fischbach, Anthony S.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Kochnev, Anatoly A.] Pacific Res Fisheries Ctr, Chukotka Branch, Anadyr 689000, Chukotka, Russia.
RP Jay, CV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM cjay@usgs.gov
FU USGS; Northern Forum; Arctic Slope Regional Corporation [TAA08AK]; North
Pacific Research Board (NPRB Project) [818]
FX This project was supported by funds from the USGS, including the
Changing Arctic Ecosystems initiative, contributed funds from the
Northern Forum and Arctic Slope Regional Corporation (under Technical
Assistance Agreement No. TAA08AK), and a grant from the North Pacific
Research Board (NPRB Project No. 818). We appreciate field and
logistical support from the Native Village of Pt. Lay (particularly from
W. Harding Lampe, L. Ferreira III, M. Tracey, and B. Tracey Sr.),
Vankarem (particularly from S. Kavry and V. Buchin), and Enurmino
(particularly from S. Kabantsev), North Slope Borough, Eskimo Walrus
Commission, and J. Garlich-Miller (USFWS). Field work in Russia was
aided by A. Dondua, M. Chakilev (Pacific Research Fisheries Center,
Chukotka Branch) and N. Kryukova (Russian Federal Research Institute of
Fisheries and Oceanography). Excellent ship and air support were
provided by the crew of RV 'Norseman II', and office and field staff
from Olgoonik/Fairweather, LLC, Clearwater Air, and the NOAA COMIDA
aerial survey program. Any use of trade names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the federal
government.
NR 42
TC 42
Z9 43
U1 5
U2 73
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 468
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.3354/meps10057
PG 13
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 036PV
UT WOS:000311041900001
ER
PT S
AU Horowitz, AJ
Stephens, VC
Elrick, KA
Smith, JJ
AF Horowitz, Arthur J.
Stephens, Verlon C.
Elrick, Kent A.
Smith, James J.
BE Collins, AL
Golosov, V
Horowitz, AJ
Lu, X
Stone, M
Walling, DE
Zhang, XB
TI Annual fluxes of sediment-associated trace/major elements, carbon,
nutrients and sulfur from US coastal rivers
SO EROSION AND SEDIMENT YIELDS IN THE CHANGING ENVIRONMENT
SE IAHS Publication
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Erosion and Sediment Yields in the Changing Environment
CY OCT 11-15, 2012
CL Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Chengdu, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Commiss Continental Eros
HO Inst Mt Hazards & Environm
DE fluvial sediment-associated constituents; annual fluxes; conterminous
USA
ID ESTIMATING SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; TRACE-ELEMENT; MISSISSIPPI RIVER;
GEOCHEMISTRY; PROGRAM; IMPACT; OCEAN; SOIL
AB About 260-270 Mt of suspended sediment are discharged annually from the conterminous USA; approximately 69% derives from Gulf rivers (n = 36), 24% from Pacific rivers (n = 42), and 7% from Atlantic rivers (n = 54). Elevated sediment-associated chemical concentrations relative to baseline levels occur in the reverse order of sediment discharges: Atlantic rivers (49%) > Pacific rivers (40%) > Gulf rivers (23%). Elevated trace element concentrations (e.g. Cu, Zn) tend to occur in association with present/former industrial areas and/or urban centres, particularly along the northeast Atlantic coast. Elevated nutrient concentrations occur along both the Atlantic and Gulf coasts, but are dominated by rivers in the urban northeast and by southeastern and Gulf coast "blackwater" streams. Elevated Ca, Mg, K and Na levels appear to reflect local petrology whereas elevated Ti, S, Fe, and Al concentrations are ubiquitous, possibly because they have both natural and anthropogenic sources. Almost all the elevated sediment-associated chemical concentrations/fluxes are lower than worldwide averages.
C1 [Horowitz, Arthur J.; Elrick, Kent A.; Smith, James J.] US Geol Survey, Peachtree Business Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30360 USA.
RP Horowitz, AJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Peachtree Business Ctr, 3039 Amwiler Rd, Atlanta, GA 30360 USA.
EM horowitz@usgs.gov
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES
PI WALLINGFORD
PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD OX10 8BB, ENGLAND
SN 0144-7815
BN 978-1-907161-33-9
J9 IAHS-AISH P
PY 2012
VL 356
BP 39
EP 48
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Geology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA BCM82
UT WOS:000310722000005
ER
PT J
AU Velpuri, NM
Senay, GB
AF Velpuri, N. M.
Senay, G. B.
TI Assessing the potential hydrological impact of the Gibe III Dam on Lake
Turkana water level using multi-source satellite data
SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-SERIES; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; BOOTSTRAP METHODS; AFRICAN RAINFALL;
GENERATION; ETHIOPIA; BASIN; PRECIPITATION; VEGETATION; ALGORITHM
AB Lake Turkana, the largest desert lake in the world, is fed by ungauged or poorly gauged river systems. To meet the demand of electricity in the East African region, Ethiopia is currently building the Gibe III hydroelectric dam on the Omo River, which supplies more than 80% of the inflows to Lake Turkana. On completion, the Gibe III dam will be the tallest dam in Africa with a height of 241 m. However, the nature of interactions and potential impacts of regulated inflows to Lake Turkana are not well understood due to its remote location and unavailability of reliable in situ datasets. In this study, we used 12 yr (1998-2009) of existing multi-source satellite and model-assimilated global weather data. We used a calibrated multi-source satellite data-driven water balance model for Lake Turkana that takes into account model routed runoff, lake/reservoir evapotranspiration, direct rain on lakes/reservoirs and releases from the dam to compute lake water levels. The model evaluates the impact of the Gibe III dam using three different approaches - a historical approach, a rainfall based approach, and a statistical approach to generate rainfall-runoff scenarios. All the approaches provided comparable and consistent results. Model results indicated that the hydrological impact of the Gibe III dam on Lake Turkana would vary with the magnitude and distribution of rainfall post-dam commencement. On average, the reservoir would take up to 8-10 months, after commencement, to reach a minimum operation level of 201 m depth of water. During the dam filling period, the lake level would drop up to 1-2m (95% confidence) compared to the lake level modeled without the dam. The lake level variability caused by regulated inflows after the dam commissioning were found to be within the natural variability of the lake of 4.8 m. Moreover, modeling results indicated that the hydrological impact of the Gibe III dam would depend on the initial lake level at the time of dam commencement. Areas along the Lake Turkana shoreline that are vulnerable to fluctuations in lake levels due to the Gibe III dam were also identified. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of using existing multi-source satellite data in a basic modeling framework to assess the potential hydrological impact of an upstream dam on a terminal downstream lake. The results obtained from this study could also be used to evaluate alternative dam-filling scenarios and assess the potential impact of the dam on Lake Turkana under different operational strategies.
C1 [Velpuri, N. M.; Senay, G. B.] S Dakota State Univ, GISc Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Senay, G. B.] USGS Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
RP Senay, GB (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, GISc Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM senay@usgs.gov
RI Velpuri, Naga Manohar/A-5193-2013
OI Velpuri, Naga Manohar/0000-0002-6370-1926
FU Division of Early Warning and Assessment, United Nations Environment
Program; Applied Science Program of NASA Earth-Sun System Division
[NNA06CH751]
FX We thank Ashbindu Singh of the Division of Early Warning and Assessment,
United Nations Environment Program for funding field and data collection
campaigns to Kenya and Ethiopia. Our thanks also goes to Mehret Debebe
and Azeb Asnake of Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (EEPCo),
Ethiopia, for facilitating our field visit to the Gibe III dam site and
providing useful technical data for this study. This work was partially
supported by Applied Science Program of NASA Earth-Sun System Division
contract # NNA06CH751. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in
this article is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such
use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the NASA
or USGS of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be
suitable.
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U2 41
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1027-5606
J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC
JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
PY 2012
VL 16
IS 10
BP 3561
EP 3578
DI 10.5194/hess-16-3561-2012
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 029DF
UT WOS:000310474300007
ER
PT J
AU Flint, LE
Flint, AL
Stolp, BJ
Danskin, WR
AF Flint, L. E.
Flint, A. L.
Stolp, B. J.
Danskin, W. R.
TI A basin-scale approach for assessing water resources in a semiarid
environment: San Diego region, California and Mexico
SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; YUCCA MOUNTAIN; ARID REGIONS; PRECIPITATION;
HYDROLOGY; NEVADA; MODELS
AB Many basins throughout the world have sparse hydrologic and geologic data, but have increasing demands for water and a commensurate need for integrated understanding of surface and groundwater resources. This paper demonstrates a methodology for using a distributed parameter water-balance model, gaged surface-water flow, and a reconnaissance-level groundwater flow model to develop a first-order water balance. Flow amounts are rounded to the nearest 5 million cubic meters per year.
The San Diego River basin is 1 of 5 major drainage basins that drain to the San Diego coastal plain, the source of public water supply for the San Diego area. The distributed parameter water-balance model (Basin Characterization Model) was run at a monthly timestep for 1940-2009 to determine a median annual total water inflow of 120 million cubic meters per year for the San Diego region. The model was also run specifically for the San Diego River basin for 1982-2009 to provide constraints to model calibration and to evaluate the proportion of inflow that becomes groundwater discharge, resulting in a median annual total water inflow of 50 million cubic meters per year. On the basis of flow records for the San Diego River at Fashion Valley (US Geological Survey gaging station 11023000), when corrected for upper basin reservoir storage and imported water, the total is 30 million cubic meters per year. The difference between these two flow quantities defines the annual groundwater outflow from the San Diego River basin at 20 million cubic meters per year. These three flow components constitute a first-order water budget estimate for the San Diego River basin. The ratio of surface-water outflow and groundwater outflow to total water inflow are 0.6 and 0.4, respectively. Using total water inflow determined using the Basin Characterization Model for the entire San Diego region and the 0.4 partitioning factor, groundwater outflow from the San Diego region, through the coastal plain aquifer to the Pacific Ocean, is calculated to be approximately 50 million cubic meters per year.
The area-scale assessment of water resources highlights several hydrologic features of the San Diego region. Groundwater recharge is episodic; the Basin Characterization Model output shows that 90 percent of simulated recharge occurred during 3 percent of the 1982-2009 period. The groundwater aquifer may also be quite permeable. A reconnaissance-level groundwater flow model for the San Diego River basin was used to check the water budget estimates, and the basic interaction of the surface-water and groundwater system, and the flow values, were found to be reasonable. Horizontal hydraulic conductivity values of the volcanic and metavolcanic bedrock in San Diego region range from 1 to 10 m per day. Overall, results establish an initial hydrologic assessment formulated on the basis of sparse hydrologic data. The described flow variability, extrapolation, and unique characteristics represent a realistic view of current (2012) hydrologic understanding for the San Diego region.
C1 [Flint, L. E.; Flint, A. L.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Stolp, B. J.] US Geol Survey, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Danskin, W. R.] US Geol Survey, San Diego, CA USA.
RP Flint, LE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA.
EM lflint@usgs.gov
FU City of San Diego; Sweetwater Authority
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the funding entities, the City of
San Diego and Sweetwater Authority, for their support of this study. We
would also like to thank all reviewers for timely and helpful reviews,
providing comments and suggestions to greatly improve the manuscript.
NR 44
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U2 25
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1027-5606
J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC
JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
PY 2012
VL 16
IS 10
BP 3817
EP 3833
DI 10.5194/hess-16-3817-2012
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 029DF
UT WOS:000310474300023
ER
PT J
AU Hitt, NP
Eyler, S
Wofford, JEB
AF Hitt, Nathaniel P.
Eyler, Sheila
Wofford, John E. B.
TI Dam Removal Increases American Eel Abundance in Distant Headwater
Streams
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LIFE-HISTORY CHARACTERISTICS; FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; ANGUILLA-ROSTRATA;
RIVER DRAINAGE; POTOMAC RIVER; VIRGINIA; EXTIRPATION; STRATEGIES;
BARRIERS; MARYLAND
AB American eel Anguilla rostrata abundances have undergone significant declines over the last 50 years, and migration barriers have been recognized as a contributing cause. We evaluated eel abundances in headwater streams of Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, to compare sites before and after the removal of a large downstream dam in 2004 (Embrey Dam, Rappahannock River). Eel abundances in headwater streams increased significantly after the removal of Embrey Dam. Observed eel abundances after dam removal exceeded predictions derived from autoregressive models parameterized with data prior to dam removal. Mann-Kendall analyses also revealed consistent increases in eel abundances from 2004 to 2010 but inconsistent temporal trends before dam removal. Increasing eel numbers could not be attributed to changes in local physical habitat (i.e., mean stream depth or substrate size) or regional population dynamics (i.e., abundances in Maryland streams or Virginia estuaries). Dam removal was associated with decreasing minimum eel lengths in headwater streams, suggesting that the dam previously impeded migration of many small-bodied individuals (<300 mm TL). We hypothesize that restoring connectivity to headwater streams could increase eel population growth rates by increasing female eel numbers and fecundity. This study demonstrated that dams may influence eel abundances in headwater streams up to 150 river kilometers distant, and that dam removal may provide benefits for eel management and conservation at the landscape scale.
C1 [Hitt, Nathaniel P.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Eyler, Sheila] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Maryland Fishery Resources Off, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Wofford, John E. B.] Natl Pk Serv, Luray, VA 22835 USA.
RP Hitt, NP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM nhitt@usgs.gov
FU Shenandoah National Park; National Park Service's Inventory and
Monitoring Program; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank T. Tuckey, K. Whiteford, M. Kashiwagi, A. Weaver, N. Dammeyer,
A. Williams, C. Snyder, J. Schaberl, S. Faulkner, and K. Cooper for
assistance with the development and review of this paper. This research
was supported by Shenandoah National Park, the National Park Service's
Inventory and Monitoring Program, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 50
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U1 3
U2 70
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 5
BP 1171
EP 1179
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.675918
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 030ZM
UT WOS:000310608700001
ER
PT J
AU Walters, AW
Holzer, DM
Faulkner, JR
Warren, CD
Murphy, PD
McClure, MM
AF Walters, Annika W.
Holzer, Damon M.
Faulkner, James R.
Warren, Charles D.
Murphy, Patrick D.
McClure, Michelle M.
TI Quantifying Cumulative Entrainment Effects for Chinook Salmon in a
Heavily Irrigated Watershed
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID FISH ENTRAINMENT; CUTTHROAT TROUT; MARKED ANIMALS; 2-VECTOR FLOWS;
RIVER; RESTORATION; RECOVERY; SURVIVAL; CANALS; CONSERVATION
AB Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. experience multiple small-scale disturbances throughout their freshwater habitat, but the cumulative effect of these disturbances is often not known or not easily quantifiable. One such disturbance is water diversions, which can entrain fish and alter streamflow regimes. Threatened Lemhi River (Idaho) Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha smolts encounter 41-71 water diversions during their out-migration. We used passive integrated transponder tag data to model the entrainment rate of Chinook salmon smolts as a function of the proportion of water removed by an irrigation diversion. Under median-streamflow conditions with unscreened diversions, the estimated cumulative effect of the diversions was a loss of 71.1% of out-migrating smolts due to entrainment. This is a large potential source of mortality, but screening is an effective mitigation strategy, as estimated mortality was reduced to 1.9% when all diversions were screened. If resources are limited, targeting the diversions that remove a large amount of water and diversions in locations with high fish encounter rates is most effective. Our modeling approach could be used to quantify the entrainment effects of water diversions and set screening priorities for other watersheds.
C1 [Walters, Annika W.; Holzer, Damon M.; Faulkner, James R.] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natori, Miyagi 98112, Japan.
[Warren, Charles D.; Murphy, Patrick D.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Anadromous Fish Screen Program, Salmon, ID 83467 USA.
[McClure, Michelle M.] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Walters, AW (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept 3166, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM annika.walters@uwyo.edu
RI McClure, Michelle/O-7853-2015
OI McClure, Michelle/0000-0003-4791-8719
FU National Research Council
FX We thank Michael Ciscell and Morgan Case (IDWR) for providing the water
rights GIS layers and guidance on how to analyze them; we also thank
Bryan Nordlund, Paul McElhany, Al Zale, Tim Grabowski, and two anonymous
reviewers for providing helpful comments on the manuscript. A.W.W. was
supported by a National Research Council research associateship. The use
of trade or product names does not constitute endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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U1 2
U2 10
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 5
BP 1180
EP 1190
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.679019
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 030ZM
UT WOS:000310608700002
ER
PT J
AU Schoen, ER
Beauchamp, DA
Overman, NC
AF Schoen, Erik R.
Beauchamp, David A.
Overman, Nathanael C.
TI Quantifying Latent Impacts of an Introduced Piscivore: Pulsed Predatory
Inertia of Lake Trout and Decline of Kokanee
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; FOOD WEBS; PEND OREILLE; GROWTH-MODEL; POPULATION;
FISH; DYNAMICS; PREY; FISHERIES; ECOSYSTEM
AB Introduced long-lived predators often cause significant impacts on their prey, but these impacts can be masked from detection due to high "predatory inertia": time lags in population growth and dietary ontogeny. We evaluated whether predation by introduced lake trout Salvelinus namaycush could explain the 88% decline in escapement of kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka during 2005-2009 in Lake Chelan, Washington. We quantified the strength and trend of predation impacts with field sampling, a hydroacoustic assessment of kokanee production, and bioenergetics and age-structured population models of lake trout. Lake trout consumption of kokanee exceeded kokanee production, indicating strong predation impacts at the start of the decline. Fully piscivorous lake trout (>550 mm fork length) were responsible for 83% of this predation. The population model predicted that a pulse of strong stocked cohorts crossed this piscivorous size threshold, causing the biomass of fully piscivorous lake trout to expand by roughly 70-300% during 2004-2009 and driving predation pressure to peak levels. Together, these results suggested that lake trout predation was a large and growing source of kokanee mortality during the decline. Counterintuitively, predation pressure was projected to increase even if the numbers of harvestable lake trout declined, as strong cohorts grew to piscivorous size while succumbing to mortality. Angler catch rates of lake trout declined by 40% during 2004-2007, as was predicted by the population model; this decline in catch masked the rise in predation pressure. This analysis demonstrates the potential for introduced predators exhibiting high predatory inertia to cause strong, latent impacts on prey that would be unexpected based on harvest trends and prior dynamics alone. Forward-looking monitoring and modeling analyses are clearly advantageous for managers who seek to maintain ecosystems in long-term "balance" by detecting and reversing incipient changes in predation.
C1 [Schoen, Erik R.; Beauchamp, David A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Schoen, ER (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM erik.schoen@gmail.com
RI Schoen, Erik/H-3829-2013;
OI Schoen, Erik/0000-0001-8301-6419
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Chelan County Public Utility District; School of
Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; University of Washington; Lake Chelan
Sportsman's Association; Washington Department of Ecology; Washington
Department of Fish and Wildlife; Washington Department of Natural
Resources; Wildlife Management Institute
FX This work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey; the Chelan County
Public Utility District; the School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences,
University of Washington; and the Lake Chelan Sportsman's Association.
A. Buettner, C. Ekblad, M. Grassley, B. Long, E. Lowery, C. Menard, J.
Mitts, S. Pierszalowski, C. Sergeant, and many others provided field and
laboratory assistance. T. Buser, L. Hauser, and I. Jimenez-Hidalgo
conducted the genetic analysis. Samples and invaluable local knowledge
were provided by A. Jones, F. Clark, J. Heinlen, M. Lippincott, M.
Polacek, and A. Viola. Comments from E. Duffy, A. Hansen, T. Essington,
E. Lowery, P. Martinez, J. McIntyre, and two anonymous reviewers
improved the manuscript. The Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey; the
University of Washington; the Washington Departments of Ecology, Fish
and Wildlife, and Natural Resources; and the Wildlife Management
Institute. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 5
BP 1191
EP 1206
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.681104
PG 16
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 030ZM
UT WOS:000310608700003
ER
PT J
AU Connor, WP
Tiffan, KF
AF Connor, William P.
Tiffan, Kenneth F.
TI Evidence for Parr Growth as a Factor Affecting Parr-to-Smolt Survival
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID FALL CHINOOK SALMON; SIZE-SELECTIVE MORTALITY; LOWER SNAKE RIVER;
JUVENILE LIFE-HISTORY; JOHN-DAY-RESERVOIR; COHO SALMON; NORTHERN
SQUAWFISH; SMALLMOUTH BASS; COLUMBIA RIVER; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH
AB Data collected on juvenile anadromous salmonids implanted with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags are used in mark-recapture analyses to understand the factors affecting survival of fish estimated between rearing in riverine habitat and dam passage. We estimated parr-to-smolt survival of PIT-tagged naturally produced subyearling fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha to examine the previously unexplored influences of environmental and biological conditions measured prior to reservoir entry. Mean (+/- SE) parr-to-smolt survival of the early migrating cohorts was 45.4 +/- 6.3% (n = 13) compared with 37.4 +/- 4.7% (n = 13) for later migrating cohorts. Annual mean parr-to-smolt survival differed widely across years ranging from a low of 9.6 +/- 0.5% (n = 2) in 2001 to a high of 81.7 +/- 4.6% (n = 2) in 1999. Parr growth prior to reservoir entry and reservoir velocity provided the most information on variability in parr-to-smolt survival (N = 26, R-2 = 0.75, corrected Akaike's information criterion [AIC(c)] = -5.01). We suggest that parr growth and reservoir velocity were directly proportional to parr-to-smolt survival because fast growth and downstream movement reduces the time when fish are vulnerable to predators. The effect of reservoir velocity comports with previous published studies and supports management efforts to increase reservoir velocity. Few if any published studies explicitly relate parr growth measured on individual fish to survival estimated for their cohorts in freshwater. This study provides empirical evidence that upholds the long-held belief that any anthropogenic activity that reduces growth of juvenile salmonids during freshwater rearing has the potential to reduce their survival.
C1 [Connor, William P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Idaho Fishery Resource Off, Orofino, ID 83544 USA.
[Tiffan, Kenneth F.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Connor, WP (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Idaho Fishery Resource Off, 276 Dworshak Complex Dr, Orofino, ID 83544 USA.
EM william_connor@fws.gov
OI Tiffan, Kenneth/0000-0002-5831-2846
FU Bonneville Power Administration [199102900]
FX We thank our colleagues at the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Idaho
Fisheries Resource Office whose efforts contributed to the success of
this study. This study (and many other studies we have conducted) would
not have been possible without personnel of the Pacific States Marine
Fisheries Commission, including D. Marvin (through 2010) and N. Tancreto
(2011), who helped operate and maintain the Columbia Basin PIT-Tag
Information System. The statistical review by K. Steinhorst and
peer-review by G. McMichael, B. Muir, and the journal's associate editor
and editor improved this manuscript. This study was funded by the
Bonneville Power Administration and administered by D. Docherty and J.
George under project number 199102900 to meet reasonable and prudent
alternatives (2004 Biological Opinion; 2008 Biological Opinion, 55.4,
50.3, 65.2). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The
findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service.
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SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 5
BP 1207
EP 1218
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.685121
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 030ZM
UT WOS:000310608700004
ER
PT J
AU Keefer, ML
Stansell, RJ
Tackley, SC
Nagy, WT
Gibbons, KM
Peery, CA
Caudill, CC
AF Keefer, Matthew L.
Stansell, Robert J.
Tackley, Sean C.
Nagy, William T.
Gibbons, Karrie M.
Peery, Christopher A.
Caudill, Christopher C.
TI Use of Radiotelemetry and Direct Observations to Evaluate Sea Lion
Predation on Adult Pacific Salmonids at Bonneville Dam
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; SPRING CHINOOK SALMON; HARBOR SEALS;
ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; FEEDING-HABITS; ABUNDANCE; MIGRATION;
CALIFORNIA; PREY; POPULATIONS
AB Management of protected species becomes increasingly complex when one protected population negatively affects another. This occurs along coastlines and in rivers and estuaries of the U. S. Pacific Northwest, where protected marine mammals prey on threatened and endangered Pacific salmonids Oncorhynchus spp. Over 9 years, we observed a growing aggregation of California sea lions Zalophus californianus and Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus preying upon adult Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha and steelhead O. mykiss at Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River. Both before and concurrent with the observation study, we monitored radio-tagged salmon at Bonneville Dam and during their upriver spawning migrations. Springtime sea lion abundance steadily increased from 2002 to 2010 and the aggregation formed earlier each winter. The principal prey species in winter were resident white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus and migratory steelhead and then shifted to predominantly Chinook salmon when the spring run arrived. Observation-based estimates of salmonid consumption from January to May varied 12-fold among years (0.4-4.9%, mean = 2.6% of adult salmonids counted at the dam), and radiotelemetry results corroborated these estimates. The highest proportional impact was in winter and early spring. As salmonid abundance increased, per capita consumption by sea lions increased (Type II functional response) but individual salmonid risk decreased (due to prey swamping). Population-specific risk analyses indicated predation was substantially higher for early-timed than for late-timed salmon populations. The most at-risk group included Snake River and upper Columbia River Chinook salmon listed as threatened under the U. S. Endangered Species Act. These predation indices should help managers simultaneously tasked with salmon recovery and marine mammal management.
C1 [Keefer, Matthew L.; Caudill, Christopher C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Stansell, Robert J.; Nagy, William T.; Gibbons, Karrie M.] USA, Corps Engineers, Fisheries Field Unit, Cascade Locks, OR 97014 USA.
[Tackley, Sean C.] USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Resources Branch, Portland, OR 97208 USA.
[Peery, Christopher A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Idaho Fishery Resource Off, Ahsahka, ID 83520 USA.
RP Keefer, ML (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, 975 6th St, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM mkeefer@uidaho.edu
RI Caudill, Christopher/M-7906-2014
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
FX We thank all the observers in the pinniped observation program. They
spent many hours in extreme weather conditions to obtain this important
information for regional managers. We also thank the U. S. Department of
Agriculture for supplying agents to employ harassment activities to keep
sea lions away from fishways, and the Oregon Department of Fish and
Wildlife, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, and Columbia River
Inter-Tribal Fish Commission for supplying boats for harassment
activities. Special thanks to the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers for
designing and deploying sea lion exclusion devices, which have kept sea
lions out of the Bonneville Dam fishways since their installation in
2006. We are similarly indebted to individuals at many organizations for
gathering and compiling the Chinook salmon data used in this study. We
especially appreciate the personnel at the many cooperating hatcheries
as well as anglers and tribal fishers for returning radio transmitters.
We also thank T. Bjornn, B. Burke, M. Moser, L. Stuehrenberg, A. Matter,
K. Frick, and T. Bohn (National Marine Fisheries Service) for their
collaboration on the telemetry project. Funding was provided by the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers; we thank D. Clugston, M. Shutters, R. Dach, M.
Langeslay, and T. Mackey for their support. At the University of Idaho,
T. Bjornn, R. Ringe, K. Tolotti, M. Jepson, S. Lee, C. Boggs, T.
Reischel, G. Naughton, W. Daigle, M. Morasch, T. Dick, D. Joosten, and
C. Morat helped with telemetry project oversight, field operations, and
collection and processing of telemetry data. We also thank the two
anonymous reviewers and the journal's associate editor whose
constructive comments greatly improved the manuscript.
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SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
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BP 1236
EP 1251
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.688918
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WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 030ZM
UT WOS:000310608700007
ER
PT J
AU Mesa, MG
Copeland, ES
Christiansen, HE
Gregg, JL
Roon, SR
Hershberger, PK
AF Mesa, Matthew G.
Copeland, Elizabeth S.
Christiansen, Helena E.
Gregg, Jacob L.
Roon, Sean R.
Hershberger, Paul K.
TI Survival and Growth of Juvenile Pacific Lampreys Tagged with Passive
Integrated Transponders (PIT) in Freshwater and Seawater
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID COLUMBIA RIVER; CHINOOK SALMON; SNAKE RIVER; DAMS; TAGS; SMOLTIFICATION;
WASHINGTON; MORTALITY; BEHAVIOR; LENGTH
AB Tagging methods are needed for both adult and juvenile life stages of Pacific lampreys Lampetra tridentata to better understand their biology and factors contributing to their decline. We developed a safe and efficient technique for tagging juvenile Pacific lampreys with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. We tested the short-term survival of PIT-tagged juvenile lampreys in freshwater at four temperatures (9, 12, 15, and 18 degrees C) and their long-term growth and survival in seawater. For both experiments there was little to no tag loss, and juvenile lampreys in freshwater showed high survival at all temperatures at 7 d (95-100%) and 14 d (88-100%) posttagging. Prolonged holding (40 d) resulted in significantly lower survival (28-79%) at warmer temperatures (12-18 degrees C). For juvenile lampreys tagged in freshwater and then transitioned to seawater, survival was 97% for tagged fish until day 94, and at the end of 6 months, survival was about 58% for both tagged and control fish. About half of the tagged and control fish that survived in seawater grew, but there was no difference in growth between the two groups. In freshwater, but not in seawater, most fish that died had an aquatic fungal infection. In both experiments, survival increased with increasing fish length at tagging. Our results indicate that tags similar in size to a 9-mm PIT tag are a feasible option for tagging metamorphosed juvenile lampreys migrating downstream and that when fungal infections are mitigated-as in seawater-long-term (at least 6 months) survival of tagged juvenile lampreys is high.
C1 [Mesa, Matthew G.; Copeland, Elizabeth S.; Christiansen, Helena E.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Gregg, Jacob L.; Roon, Sean R.; Hershberger, Paul K.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
RP Mesa, MG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM mmesa@usgs.gov
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J9 T AM FISH SOC
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PY 2012
VL 141
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BP 1260
EP 1268
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.686951
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WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 030ZM
UT WOS:000310608700009
ER
PT J
AU Madenjian, CP
David, SR
Pothoven, SA
AF Madenjian, Charles P.
David, Solomon R.
Pothoven, Steven A.
TI Effects of Activity and Energy Budget Balancing Algorithm on Laboratory
Performance of a Fish Bioenergetics Model
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LAKE-MICHIGAN ALEWIVES; SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; SYSTEMATIC-ERROR; YELLOW
PERCH; CONSUMPTION; TROUT; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH
AB We evaluated the performance of the Wisconsin bioenergetics model for lake trout Salvelinus namaycush that were fed ad libitum in laboratory tanks under regimes of low activity and high activity. In addition, we compared model performance under two different model algorithms: (1) balancing the lake trout energy budget on day t based on lake trout energy density on day t and (2) balancing the lake trout energy budget on day t based on lake trout energy density on day t + 1. Results indicated that the model significantly underestimated consumption for both inactive and active lake trout when algorithm 1 was used and that the degree of underestimation was similar for the two activity levels. In contrast, model performance substantially improved when using algorithm 2, as no detectable bias was found in model predictions of consumption for inactive fish and only a slight degree of overestimation was detected for active fish. The energy budget was accurately balanced by using algorithm 2 but not by using algorithm 1. Based on the results of this study, we recommend the use of algorithm 2 to estimate food consumption by fish in the field. Our study results highlight the importance of accurately accounting for changes in fish energy density when balancing the energy budget; furthermore, these results have implications for the science of evaluating fish bioenergetics model performance and for more accurate estimation of food consumption by fish in the field when fish energy density undergoes relatively rapid changes.
C1 [Madenjian, Charles P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[David, Solomon R.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Pothoven, Steven A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Lake Michigan Field Stn, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
RP Madenjian, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM cmadenjian@usgs.gov
OI Pothoven, Steven/0000-0002-7992-5422
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission
FX Linda Begnoche, Steven Farha, Kevin Keeler, Melissa Kostich, Justin
Londer, and Lynn Ogilvie are gratefully acknowledged for their
assistance with running the laboratory experiment. Steven Constant
measured flow rates in the laboratory tanks. The Sullivan Creek National
Fish Hatchery (U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service) provided the lake trout
used in our laboratory experiment. We thank Yu-Chun Kao for his work in
revising the bioenergetics model software package. James Breck and
Steven Hewett reviewed the manuscript and provided helpful suggestions
for its improvement. This work was funded by a research grant awarded by
the Great Lakes Fishery Commission to C. P. M. This article is
Contribution 1692 of the U. S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science
Center and is Contribution 1628 of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory.
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J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
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BP 1328
EP 1337
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.692346
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WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 030ZM
UT WOS:000310608700015
ER
PT J
AU Wirth, L
Rosenberger, A
Prakash, A
Gens, R
Margraf, FJ
Hamazaki, T
AF Wirth, Lisa
Rosenberger, Amanda
Prakash, Anupma
Gens, Rudiger
Margraf, F. Joseph
Hamazaki, Toshihide
TI A Remote-Sensing, GIS-Based Approach to Identify, Characterize, and
Model Spawning Habitat for Fall-Run Chum Salmon in a Sub-Arctic,
Glacially Fed River
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; REDD SITE SELECTION; CHINOOK SALMON;
ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; HYPORHEIC ZONE; SURVIVAL; WATER; SAND;
GROUNDWATER; LANDSCAPES
AB At northern limits of a species' distribution, fish habitat requirements are often linked to thermal preferences, and the presence of overwintering habitat. However, logistical challenges and hydrologic processes typical of glacial systems could compromize the identification of these habitats, particularly in large river environments. Our goal was to identify and characterize spawning habitat for fall-run chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and model habitat selection from spatial distributions of tagged individuals in the Tanana River, Alaska using an approach that combined ground surveys with remote sensing. Models included braiding, sinuosity, ice-free water surface area (indicating groundwater influence), and persistent ice-free water (i.e., consistent presence of ice-free water for a 12-year period according to satellite imagery). Candidate models containing persistent ice-free water were selected as most likely, highlighting the utility of remote sensing for monitoring and identifying salmon habitat in remote areas. A combination of ground and remote surveys revealed spatial and temporal thermal characteristics of these habitats that could have strong biological implications. Persistent ice-free sites identified using synthetic aperture radar appear to serve as core areas for spawning fall chum salmon, and the importance of stability through time suggests a legacy of successful reproductive effort for this homing species. These features would not be captured with a one-visit traditional survey but rather required remote-sensing monitoring of the sites through time.
C1 [Wirth, Lisa; Margraf, F. Joseph] US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Rosenberger, Amanda] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Prakash, Anupma; Gens, Rudiger] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Hamazaki, Toshihide] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Commercial Fisheries, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
RP Wirth, L (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 757020, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM lmwirth@alaska.edu
FU Arctic Yukon Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon Initiative; Commercial
Fisheries Division of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game; Tanana
Chiefs Conference
FX This research was funded through the Arctic Yukon Kuskokwim Sustainable
Salmon Initiative, the Commercial Fisheries Division of the Alaska
Department of Fish and Game, and the Tanana Chiefs Conference. The
latter two operated the fish wheel that captured the study fish and
tracked fish via radiotelemetry, and they generously provided those data
for our study. We would like to thank R. Driscoll, A. Merriman, B.
Baker, P. Drobny, C. Zimmerman, S. Burril, and V. von Biela for help
with field work; R. Gens for help with SAR data processing and
interpretation; W. Witte and W. Putman for assistance with GIS; and G.
Wirth for computational and field work support. We acknowledge the
Alaska Satellite Facility for providing the SAR and ALOS data at no cost
for this research. The ALOS data were processed and provided by the
Americas ALOS Data Node. Sincere thanks to Chena River Aviation,
Quicksilver Air, Inc., Teraterpret, Ken Air, and Webster's Flying
Service for providing safe flights for data acquisition. The use of
trade or product names does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
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BP 1349
EP 1363
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.692348
PG 15
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GA 030ZM
UT WOS:000310608700017
ER
PT J
AU Plumb, JM
Connor, WP
Tiffan, KF
Moffitt, CM
Perry, R
Adams, NS
AF Plumb, John M.
Connor, William P.
Tiffan, Kenneth F.
Moffitt, Christine M.
Perry, RussellW.
Adams, Noah S.
TI Estimating and Predicting Collection Probability of Fish at Dams Using
Multistate Modeling
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOWER GRANITE DAM; JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; IMPLANTED RADIO
TRANSMITTERS; SNAKE RIVER; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; RECAPTURE MODELS;
SURVIVAL RATES; SALAR L; MIGRATION; PASSAGE
AB Dams can be equipped with a bypass that routes a portion of the fish that enter the turbine intakes away from the powerhouse into flumes, where they can be counted. Daily passage abundance can be estimated by dividing the number of fish counted in the bypass by the sampling rate and then dividing the resulting quotient by the collection probability (i.e., the proportion of the fish population passing the dam that is bypassed). We used multistate mark-recapture modeling to evaluate six candidate models for predicting the collection probabilities of radio-tagged subyearling fall Chinook salmon (n = 3,852) as a function of 1-2-d time periods (general model), four different combinations of outflow (i.e., the total volume of water passing the dam) and turbine allocation (i.e., the proportion of outflow directed through the turbines), and a null (intercept only) model. The best-fit model was the additive combination of turbine allocation and outflow, which explained 71% of the null deviance. Cross validation of the best-fit model accounted for the variation that may arise from different data sets and the ensuing parameter values on the collection probability estimates and yielded a standard error of 0.613 that can be used to construct approximate 95% prediction intervals in nonstudy years. Such estimates have been unavailable and will be useful anywhere estimates of daily passage abundance at dams with bypasses are needed to manage migratory fishes.
C1 [Plumb, John M.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Connor, William P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Idaho Fishery Resource Off, Orofino, ID 83544 USA.
[Plumb, John M.; Tiffan, Kenneth F.; Perry, RussellW.; Adams, Noah S.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Moffitt, Christine M.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Plumb, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jplumb@usgs.gov
OI Tiffan, Kenneth/0000-0002-5831-2846
FU Bonneville Power Administration [199102900]
FX We thank Tim Wik and the staff of the U. S Army Corps of Engineers for
their assistance in collecting the telemetry data at Lower Granite Dam.
Gratitude is also extended to John Beeman, Scott Evans, Amy Hanson,
Jamie Sprando, Patricia Harshman, and others at the Columbia River
Research Laboratory for their assistance and dedication to the project.
We thank Richard Zabel, David Hewitt, Steven Smith, Alex Fremier, and
two anonymous reviewers for their comments and improvements to earlier
drafts of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.
S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the U. S.
Fish and Wildlife Service. The Bonneville Power Administration funded
project 199102900 to address RPAs 50.3 and 55.4 of the 2008 Biological
Opinion. We thank Deborah Docherty for her efficient administration of
the project, which provided us with more time for research.
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PY 2012
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BP 1364
EP 1373
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.694828
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UT WOS:000310608700018
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PT J
AU Homola, JJ
Scribner, KT
Elliott, RF
Donofrio, MC
Kanefsky, J
Smith, KM
McNair, JN
AF Homola, Jared J.
Scribner, Kim T.
Elliott, Robert F.
Donofrio, Michael C.
Kanefsky, Jeannette
Smith, Kregg M.
McNair, James N.
TI Genetically Derived Estimates of Contemporary Natural Straying Rates and
Historical Gene Flow among Lake Michigan Lake Sturgeon Populations
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA;
BAY-NATIONAL-PARK; ACIPENSER-FULVESCENS; CHINOOK SALMON; MICROSATELLITE
LOCI; GREAT-LAKES; RIVER; HATCHERY; TROUT
AB Natural rates of straying are difficult to quantify over large spatial scales using direct observations, particularly for long-lived fish species characterized by delayed sexual maturity and long interspawning intervals. Using multilocus microsatellite genotypes and likelihood-based statistical methods, we quantified rates of immigration and emigration for six genetically differentiated (mean F-ST = 0.041) lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens populations in Lake Michigan based on adults (n = 437) captured in tributaries during the spawning season. Estimated rates of straying were high (mean = 0.105), asymmetrical, and highly variable across populations. We found no significant association between the total length (a surrogate measure of age) of individuals that strayed and those that did not. Linear distance between streams was more predictive of straying rates and F-ST than least-cost distances estimated based on lakescape features (bathymetry and lake current patterns). Historical rates of gene flow estimated using coalescent analysis indicated a fully parameterized model with variable evolutionarily effective population sizes (theta; range, 0.684-0.989), and variable and nonsymmetrical migration rates best explained the genetic data. Comparatively high estimates of relative historical gene flow from several numerically depressed populations suggest that these populations were once larger contributors to basinwide gene flow than indicated by estimates of contemporary straying rates. High rates of interpopulation straying contrast with high F-ST, suggesting that straying rates are poor indicators of successful reproduction following dispersal.
C1 [Homola, Jared J.; Scribner, Kim T.; Kanefsky, Jeannette] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Scribner, Kim T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Elliott, Robert F.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Green Bay Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, New Franken, WI 54229 USA.
[Donofrio, Michael C.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Peshtigo, WI 54157 USA.
[Smith, Kregg M.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Plainwell, MI 49080 USA.
[Homola, Jared J.; McNair, James N.] Grand Valley State Univ, Annis Water Resources Inst, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
RP Homola, JJ (reprint author), Grand Valley State Univ, Annis Water Resources Inst, 740 W Shoreline Dr, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
EM homolaj@mail.gvsu.edu
FU Great Lakes Fishery Trust; Michigan State University; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; Michigan
Department of Natural Resources
FX Samples were provided by participating coauthors and by T. Galarowicz,
R. Damstra, and M. Holtgren. We gratefully acknowledge the technical
assistance in the laboratory provided by Kristi Filcek, Kristin Bott,
and Patrick DeHaan. Funding was provided by the Great Lakes Fishery
Trust, Michigan State University, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, and the Michigan
Department of Natural Resources. The findings and conclusions in this
article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the agencies or funding organizations. Reference to trade names
does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
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PY 2012
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EP 1388
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.694829
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UT WOS:000310608700019
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PT J
AU Wirgin, I
Maceda, L
Waldman, JR
Wehrell, S
Dadswell, M
King, T
AF Wirgin, Isaac
Maceda, Lorraine
Waldman, John R.
Wehrell, Sierra
Dadswell, Michael
King, Tim
TI Stock Origin of Migratory Atlantic Sturgeon in Minas Basin, Inner Bay of
Fundy, Canada, Determined by Microsatellite and Mitochondrial DNA
Analyses
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACIPENSER-OXYRINCHUS-OXYRINCHUS; UNITED-STATES; NEW-YORK; BROODSTOCK
MANAGEMENT; POPULATION; ESTUARY; DELINEATION; REGION; RIVER; POWER
AB Five distinct population segments of Atlantic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus were recently listed (April 2012) as endangered or threatened under the U. S. Endangered Species Act. Atlantic sturgeon are anadromous, spawning occurs in rivers from the St. Lawrence River, Quebec, to the Satilla River, Georgia, and subadults and adults undertake extensive coastal migrations. Bycatch of Atlantic sturgeon in coastal fisheries may have resulted in the slowed or failed rebuilding of many populations despite the imposition of a U. S. federal moratorium on their harvest in 1998. Canada's Bay of Fundy hosts weir and trawl fisheries which bycatch Atlantic sturgeon of unknown origin. Additionally, tidal power development projects for the Bay of Fundy have been proposed which could detrimentally impact migratory sturgeon. We hypothesized that the Atlantic sturgeon that occur in Minas Basin in the Bay of Fundy are of local Saint John River, New Brunswick, origin with little or no U. S. contribution. We used microsatellite DNA (11 loci) and mitochondrial DNA control region sequence analysis along with previously determined characterizations of nine reference spawning populations to quantify their stock origin. We determined that the summer assemblage of Atlantic sturgeon collected within Minas Basin was of mixed origin, with a greater than 60% contribution from the nearby Saint John River but with a substantial (34-36%) contribution from the Kennebec River, Maine, and a smaller (1-2%) contribution from the Hudson River, New York. There was significant genetic heterogeneity between smaller (<130 cm) and larger individuals (>= 130 cm) in Minas Basin; however, the smaller specimens were not exclusively of proximal Saint John River origin. Our results indicate that Atlantic sturgeon of U. S. origin are vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts in the Bay of Fundy, particularly those of Kennebec River origin.
C1 [Wirgin, Isaac; Maceda, Lorraine] NYU, Dept Environm Med, Sch Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA.
[Waldman, John R.] CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Biol, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
[Wehrell, Sierra; Dadswell, Michael] Acadia Univ, Dept Biol, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada.
[King, Tim] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
RP Wirgin, I (reprint author), NYU, Dept Environm Med, Sch Med, 57 Old Forge Rd, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA.
EM isaac.wirgin@nyumc.org
FU New York Sea Grant [R/XG-20]; Molecular Facilities Core of NYU NIEHS
Center [ES00260]; Nova Scotia Power Corporation; Acadia Centre for
Estuarine Research, Acadia University; Ocean Tracking Network of the
National Research Council of Canada; Northeast Region of NOAA-Fisheries;
U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center
FX We acknowledge the support of New York Sea Grant (grant R/XG-20), the
Molecular Facilities Core of NYU NIEHS Center (grant ES00260), the Nova
Scotia Power Corporation, the Acadia Centre for Estuarine Research,
Acadia University, the Ocean Tracking Network of the National Research
Council of Canada, the Northeast Region of NOAA-Fisheries, and the U.S.
Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center. We thank Glanville Travis,
Tony Lewis, and Rusty Wilcox, commercial fishermen of Minas Basin, who
allowed us to board their trawlers or enter their weirs to sample
sturgeon.
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PT J
AU Annett, B
Gerlach, G
King, TL
Whiteley, AR
AF Annett, Brendan
Gerlach, Gabriele
King, Timothy L.
Whiteley, Andrew R.
TI Conservation Genetics of Remnant Coastal Brook Trout Populations at the
Southern Limit of Their Distribution: Population Structure and Effects
of Stocking
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CHARR SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; MICROSATELLITE DNA MARKERS; MULTILOCUS
GENOTYPE DATA; CUTTHROAT TROUT; WILD; SOFTWARE; DISTANCE;
DIFFERENTIATION; INTROGRESSION; HYBRIDIZATION
AB We examined genetic variation within and among a group of remnant coastal brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis populations along the coast of the northeastern United States. These populations occur at the southern limits of anadromy for this species and could form the foundation of a restored anadromous metapopulation. We also tested for genetic introgression between these populations and the hatchery source that has been used to stock these sites. The overall F-ST for the natural populations at 12 microsatellite loci was 0.145 (95% confidence interval, 0.108-0.183), and D was 0.225 (0.208-0.243). On average, 94.6% of individuals were correctly assigned to the population where they were collected. Our results suggest that there is little gene flow even between geographically proximate populations. We found little evidence that repeated historic stocking from a known hatchery source has led to genetic introgression into these wild coastal brook trout populations. One hybrid individual appeared to be a backcross between an F-1 and a hatchery individual. Another hybrid individual could not be classified. Our results suggest that nonintrogressed and potentially locally adapted populations of brook trout persist in several small coastal New England streams. These populations should be the focus of future efforts to restore anadromous brook trout in this region.
C1 [Whiteley, Andrew R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Annett, Brendan] Boston Univ, Marine Biol Lab, Marine Program, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Gerlach, Gabriele] Marine Biol Lab, Marine Resources Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[King, Timothy L.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
RP Whiteley, AR (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM awhiteley@eco.umass.edu
RI Gerlach, Gabriele/K-5919-2012
FU Southeast Massachusetts Chapter of Trout Unlimited; A.V. Stout Fund;
Quebec Labrador Foundation; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We are grateful to Steve Hurley, Ed Kraus, Jeff Breton, Gil Bergin, and
a variety of volunteers for assistance with field collections. We thank
Shannon Julian for genotyping DNA samples. Ivan Valiela and Simon
Thorrold gave thoughtful reviews of earlier versions of the manuscript.
C. Grimes and two anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments on an
earlier draft of this manuscript. We thank members of the Sea-Run Brook
Trout Coalition for helpful discussions. Support for this work came from
the Southeast Massachusetts Chapter of Trout Unlimited, the A.V. Stout
Fund, the Quebec Labrador Foundation, and the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 53
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 26
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 5
BP 1399
EP 1410
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.694831
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 030ZM
UT WOS:000310608700021
ER
PT S
AU Nelson, J
Patschke, R
Garon, H
Ames, A
Mott, C
Mah, G
Williams, J
Joseph, J
AF Nelson, James
Patschke, Robert
Garon, Howard
Ames, Alan
Mott, Claire
Mah, Grant
Williams, Jason
Joseph, James
GP IEEE
TI Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) Space to Ground Mission Data
Architecture
SO 2012 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE
SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE Aerospace Conference
CY MAR 03-10, 2012
CL Big Sky, MT
SP IEEE, AIAA, Phmsoc, AESS
AB The Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) is a scientific endeavor to extend the longest continuous multi-spectral imaging record of Earth's land surface. The observatory consists of a spacecraft bus integrated with two imaging instruments; the Operational Land Imager (OLI), built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corporation in Boulder, Colorado, and the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS), an in-house instrument built at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). Both instruments are integrated aboard a fine-pointing, fully redundant, spacecraft bus built by Orbital Sciences Corporation, Gilbert, Arizona. The mission is scheduled for launch in January 2013.
This paper will describe the innovative end-to-end approach for efficiently managing high volumes of simultaneous real-time and playback of image and ancillary data from the instruments to the reception at the United States Geological Survey's (USGS) Landsat Ground Network (LGN) and International Cooperator (IC) ground stations. The core enabling capability lies within the spacecraft Command and Data Handling (C&DH) system and Radio Frequency (RF) communications system implementation. Each of these systems uniquely contribute to the efficient processing of high speed image data (up to 265Mbps) from each instrument, and provide virtually error free data delivery to the ground. On-board methods include a combination of lossless data compression, Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) data formatting, a file-based/managed Solid State Recorder (SSR), and Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) forward error correction. The 440 Mbps wideband X-Band downlink uses Class 1 CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP), and an earth coverage antenna to deliver an average of 400 scenes per day to a combination of LGN and IC ground stations.
This paper will also describe the integrated capabilities and processes at the LGN ground stations for data reception using adaptive filtering, and the mission operations approach from the LDCM Mission Operations Center (MOC) to perform the CFDP accounting, file retransmissions, and management of the autonomous features of the SSR.
C1 [Nelson, James; Mah, Grant; Williams, Jason] USGS EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Mott, Claire; Joseph, James] Orbital Sci Corp, Gilbert, AZ 85233 USA.
RP Nelson, J (reprint author), USGS EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM jnelson@usgs.gov; robert.w.patschke@nasa.gov; howard.garon@nasa.gov;
ames.alan@orbital.com; mott.claire@orbital.com; mah@usgs.gov;
jason@usgs.gov; joseph.james@orbital.com
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1095-323X
BN 978-1-4577-0557-1
J9 AEROSP CONF PROC
PY 2012
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA BBZ12
UT WOS:000309105304020
ER
PT J
AU Spiegel, JK
Aemisegger, F
Scholl, M
Wienhold, FG
Collett, JL
Lee, T
van Pinxteren, D
Mertes, S
Tilgner, A
Herrmann, H
Werner, RA
Buchmann, N
Eugster, W
AF Spiegel, J. K.
Aemisegger, F.
Scholl, M.
Wienhold, F. G.
Collett, J. L., Jr.
Lee, T.
van Pinxteren, D.
Mertes, S.
Tilgner, A.
Herrmann, H.
Werner, R. A.
Buchmann, N.
Eugster, W.
TI Stable water isotopologue ratios in fog and cloud droplets of liquid
clouds are not size-dependent
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; ICE-CORE; FRACTIONATION; EXCHANGE; PRECIPITATION;
EVAPORATION; ISOTOPES; CLIMATE
AB In this work, we present the first observations of stable water isotopologue ratios in cloud droplets of different sizes collected simultaneously. We address the question whether the isotope ratio of droplets in a liquid cloud varies as a function of droplet size. Samples were collected from a ground intercepted cloud (=fog) during the Hill Cap Cloud Thuringia 2010 campaign (HCCT-2010) using a three-stage Caltech Active Strand Cloud water Collector (CASCC). An instrument test revealed that no artificial isotopic fractionation occurs during sample collection with the CASCC. Furthermore, we could experimentally confirm the hypothesis that the delta values of cloud droplets of the relevant droplet sizes (mu m-range) were not significantly different and thus can be assumed to be in isotopic equilibrium immediately with the surrounding water vapor. However, during the dissolution period of the cloud, when the supersaturation inside the cloud decreased and the cloud began to clear, differences in isotope ratios of the different droplet sizes tended to be larger. This is likely to result from the cloud's heterogeneity, implying that larger and smaller cloud droplets have been collected at different moments in time, delivering isotope ratios from different collection times.
C1 [Spiegel, J. K.; Werner, R. A.; Buchmann, N.; Eugster, W.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Agr Sci, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Aemisegger, F.; Wienhold, F. G.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Scholl, M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Collett, J. L., Jr.; Lee, T.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[van Pinxteren, D.; Mertes, S.; Tilgner, A.; Herrmann, H.] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, Leipzig, Germany.
RP Eugster, W (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Agr Sci, Zurich, Switzerland.
EM eugsterw@ethz.ch
RI Buchmann, Nina/E-6095-2011; Eugster, Werner/E-5116-2010; Herrmann,
Hartmut/C-2486-2009; Collett, Jeffrey/F-2862-2010;
OI Eugster, Werner/0000-0001-6067-0741; Herrmann,
Hartmut/0000-0001-7044-2101; Collett, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9180-508X;
Scholl, Martha/0000-0001-6994-4614
NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 16
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 20
BP 9855
EP 9863
DI 10.5194/acp-12-9855-2012
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 029BS
UT WOS:000310470400026
ER
PT S
AU Bridges, NT
Muhs, DR
AF Bridges, Nathan T.
Muhs, Daniel R.
BE Grotzinger, JP
Milliken, RE
TI DUSTSTONES ON MARS: SOURCE, TRANSPORT, DEPOSITION, AND EROSION
SO SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY OF MARS
SE Society for Sedimentary Geology Special Publication
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE dust; loess; Mars; eolian processes; analogs
ID LATE QUATERNARY LOESS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; X-RAY SPECTROMETER;
SIZED QUARTZ SILT; GLOBAL SURVEYOR; DESERT LOESS; PALEOCLIMATIC
SIGNIFICANCE; LABORATORY SIMULATIONS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES
AB Dust is an abundant material on Mars, and there is strong evidence that it is a contributor to the rock record as "duststone"," analogous in many ways to loess on Earth. Although a common suite of dust formation mechanisms has operated on the two planets, fundamental differences in environments and geologic histories have resulted in vastly different weighting functions, causing distinct depositional styles and erosional mechanisms. On Earth, dust is derived predominantly from glacial grinding and, in nonglacial environments, by other processes, such as volcanism, eolian abrasion, and fluvial comminution. Hydrological and biological processes convert dust accumulations to loess deposits. Active hydrology also acts to clean dust from the atmosphere and convert loess into soil or erode it entirely. On Mars, glacial production of dust has been minor, with most fine particles probably produced from ancient volcanic, impact, and fluvial processes. Dust is deposited under arid conditions in which aggregate growth and cementation are the stabilizing agents. Thick accumulations result in duststone.
C1 [Bridges, Nathan T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Muhs, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Bridges, NT (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, MP3-E171,11101 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM nathan.bridges@jhuapl.edu
RI Bridges, Nathan/D-6341-2016
NR 117
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU S E P M - SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
PI TULSA
PA PO BOX 4756 1731 E 71ST ST, TULSA, OK 74159-0756 USA
SN 1060-071X
BN 978-1-56576-312-8
J9 SOC SEDIMENT GEOL SP
PY 2012
VL 102
BP 169
EP 182
PG 14
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA BBY55
UT WOS:000308788500007
ER
PT S
AU Edgar, LA
Grotzinger, JP
Hayes, AG
Rubin, DM
Squyres, SW
Bell, JF
Herkenhoff, KE
AF Edgar, Lauren A.
Grotzinger, John P.
Hayes, Alex G.
Rubin, David M.
Squyres, Steve W.
Bell, James F.
Herkenhoff, Ken E.
BE Grotzinger, JP
Milliken, RE
TI STRATIGRAPHIC ARCHITECTURE OF BEDROCK REFERENCE SECTION, VICTORIA
CRATER, MERIDIANI PLANUM, MARS
SO SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY OF MARS
SE Society for Sedimentary Geology Special Publication
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Mars; colian; cross-bedding; stratigraphy
ID BURNS FORMATION; EREBUS CRATER; OPPORTUNITY; STRATIFICATION;
ENVIRONMENT; DIAGENESIS
AB The Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity has investigated bedrock outcrops exposed in several craters at Meridiani Planum, Mars, in an effort to better understand the role of surface processes in its geologic history. Opportunity has recently completed its observations of Victoria crater, which is 750 m in diameter and exposes cliffs up to similar to 15 m high. The plains surrounding Victoria crater are similar to 10 m higher in elevation than those surrounding the previously explored Endurance crater, indicating that the Victoria crater exposes a stratigmphically higher section than does the Endurance crater; however, Victoria strata overlap in elevation with the rocks exposed at the Erebus crater. Victoria crater has a well-developed geomorphic pattern of promontories and embayments that define the crater wall and that reveal thick bedsets (3-7 m) of large-scale cross-bedding, interpreted as fossil eolian dunes. Opportunity was able to drive into the crater at Duck Bay, located on the western margin of Victoria crater. Data from the Microscopic Imager and Panoramic Camera reveal details about the structures, textures, and depositional and diagenetic events that influenced the Victoria bedrock. A lithostratigraphic subdivision of bedrock units was enabled by the presence of a light-toned band that lines much of the upper rim of the crater. In ascending order, three stratigraphic units are named Lyell, Smith, and Steno; Smith is the light-toned band. In the Reference Section exposed along the ingress path at Duck Bay, Smith is interpreted to represent a zone of diagenetic recrystallization; however, its upper contact also coincides with a primary erosional surface. Elsewhere in the crater the diagenetic band crosscuts the physical stratigraphy. Correlation with strata present at nearby promontory Cape Verde indicates that there is an erosional surface at the base of the cliff face that corresponds to the erosional contact below Steno. The erosional contact at the base of Cape Verde lies at a lower elevation, but within the same plane as the contact below Steno, which indicates that the material above the erosional contact was built on significant depositional paleotopography. The eolian dune forms exposed in Duck Bay and Cape Verde, combined with the geometry of the erosional surface, indicate that these outcrops may be part of a larger-scale draa architecture. This insight is possible only as a result of the larger-scale exposures at Victoria crater, which significantly exceed the more limited exposures at the Erebus, Endurance, and Eagle craters.
C1 [Edgar, Lauren A.; Grotzinger, John P.; Hayes, Alex G.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Rubin, David M.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Squyres, Steve W.; Bell, James F.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Herkenhoff, Ken E.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Edgar, LA (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM ledgar@caltech.edu
RI Hayes, Alexander/P-2024-2014
OI Hayes, Alexander/0000-0001-6397-2630
NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU S E P M - SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
PI TULSA
PA PO BOX 4756 1731 E 71ST ST, TULSA, OK 74159-0756 USA
SN 1060-071X
BN 978-1-56576-312-8
J9 SOC SEDIMENT GEOL SP
PY 2012
VL 102
BP 195
EP 209
PG 15
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA BBY55
UT WOS:000308788500009
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, NM
Crimmins, SM
Hamilton, DA
Gallagher, E
AF Roberts, Nathan M.
Crimmins, Shawn M.
Hamilton, David A.
Gallagher, Elsa
TI Implantation and Parturition Dates of North American River Otters,
Lontra canadensis, in Southern Missouri
SO CANADIAN FIELD-NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
DE North American River Otter; Lontra canadensis; implantation;
parturition; reproduction; Missouri
ID AGE
AB Despite numerous studies of reproductive dynamics of the North American River Otter (Lontra canadensis), relatively little information exists on the implantation or parturition dates of North American River Otters in the wild. We collected carcasses of North American River Otters that had been legally harvested in southern Missouri, USA, between 1997 and 1999 as part of a larger population dynamics study. Embryos (n = 28) were removed from a subset of North American River Otters (n = 9) during necropsy. Using harvest dates and crown rump length measurements of embryos, we estimated implantation dates, which ranged from 7 December to 12 January, and parturition dates, which ranged from 8 February to 15 March (assuming an implantation time of 63 days). Our results are similar to other studies that have reported parturition dates ranging from mid-January to early May in more extreme latitudes. Our results suggest that variation in implantation and parturition dates among populations are likely related to factors affected by latitude such as photoperiod and winter weather severity.
C1 [Roberts, Nathan M.; Hamilton, David A.; Gallagher, Elsa] Conservat Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Roberts, Nathan M.; Hamilton, David A.; Gallagher, Elsa] Missouri Dept Conservat, Cent Reg Off, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Crimmins, Shawn M.] Univ Montana, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Roberts, NM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1011 E Tudor Ave, Anchorage, AK USA.
RI Crimmins, Shawn/M-1809-2013
FU Missouri Department of Conservation; University of Missouri
FX Support for this project was provided by the Missouri Department of
Conservation and the University of Missouri. We thank the many trappers
who assisted this project by donating carcasses.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 14
PU OTTAWA FIELD-NATURALISTS CLUB
PI OTTAWA
PA PO BOX 35069, WESTGATE PO, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1Z 1A2, CANADA
SN 0008-3550
J9 CAN FIELD NAT
JI Can. Field-Nat.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 126
IS 1
BP 28
EP 30
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 024FE
UT WOS:000310094200005
ER
PT S
AU Geist, EL
AF Geist, Eric L.
BE Dmowska, R
TI Phenomenology of Tsunamis II: Scaling, Event Statistics, and Inter-Event
Triggering
SO ADVANCES IN GEOPHYSICS, VOL 53
SE Advances in Geophysics
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Tsunami catalogs; Earthquake; Pareto size distribution; Power-law
exponent
ID CHARACTERISTIC EARTHQUAKE DISTRIBUTION; SUBDUCTION ZONE EARTHQUAKES;
SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY; MOMENT-FREQUENCY RELATION; SEISMIC GAP
HYPOTHESIS; INCOMPLETE DATA FILES; SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; SUBMARINE
LANDSLIDES; GUTENBERG-RICHTER; SIZE DISTRIBUTION
AB Observations related to tsunami catalogs are reviewed and described in a phenomenological framework. An examination of scaling relationships between earthquake size (as expressed by scalar seismic moment and mean slip) and tsunami size (as expressed by mean and maximum local run-up and maximum far-field amplitude) indicates that scaling is significant at the 95% confidence level, although there is uncertainty in how well earthquake size can predict tsunami size (R-2 similar to 0.4-0.6). In examining tsunami event statistics, current methods used to estimate the size distribution of earthquakes and landslides and the inter-event time distribution of earthquakes are first reviewed. These methods are adapted to estimate the size and inter-event distribution of tsunamis at a particular recording station. Using a modified Pareto size distribution, the best-fit power-law exponents of tsunamis recorded at nine Pacific tide-gauge stations exhibit marked variation, in contrast to the approximately constant power-law exponent for inter-plate thrust earthquakes. With regard to the inter-event time distribution, significant temporal clustering of tsunami sources is demonstrated. For tsunami sources occurring in close proximity to other sources in both space and time, a physical triggering mechanism, such as static stress transfer, is a likely cause for the anomalous clustering. Mechanisms of earthquake-to-earthquake and earthquake-to-landslide triggering are reviewed. Finally, a modification of statistical branching models developed for earthquake triggering is introduced to describe triggering among tsunami sources.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Geist, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM egeist@usgs.gov
NR 194
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0065-2687
BN 978-0-12-380938-4
J9 ADV GEOPHYS
JI Adv. Geophys.
PY 2012
VL 53
BP 35
EP 92
DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-380938-4.00002-1
PG 58
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA BCD58
UT WOS:000309842700002
ER
PT J
AU Sepulveda, MS
Sutton, TM
Patrick, HK
Amberg, JJ
AF Sepulveda, Maria S.
Sutton, Trent M.
Patrick, Holly K.
Amberg, Jon J.
TI Blood Chemistry Values for Shovelnose and Lake Sturgeon
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID SERUM BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS; ACIPENSER-NACCARII; HUSO-HUSO;
SCAPHIRHYNCHUS-PLATORYNCHUS; ENVIRONMENTAL SALINITY; WHITE STURGEON;
STRESS; RESPONSES; PERSICUS; SINENSIS
AB Blood chemistry panels are commonly used for assessing the general health of vertebrate animals. Here, we present novel blood chemistry data for two North American sturgeon species, shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus and lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens. Measurements were done using a portable chemistry analyzer (VetScan Analyzer; Abaxis). Among the plasma values measured (mean +/- SD for shovelnose and lake sturgeon, respectively) were total proteins (3.7 +/- 0.9 and 2.8 +/- 0.4 g/dL), albumin (2.0 +/- 0.5 and 1.1 +/- 0.2 g/dL), globulin (1.7 +/- 0.7 and 1.7 +/- 0.3 g/dL), glucose (107 +/- 46 and 62 +/- 9.7 mg/dL), sodium (Na+; 132 +/- 3.6 and 150 +/- 14 mEq/L), potassium (K+; 3.5 +/- 0.2 and 2.8 +/- 1.7 mEq/L), phosphorus (10.4 +/- 1.9 and 11.6 +/- 3.6 mg/dL), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST; 676 +/- 433 and 634 +/- 234 IU/L). Higher values for total proteins, albumin, glucose, and Na+ in shovelnose sturgeon than in lake sturgeon probably are the result of handling stress. In addition, the plasma of male shovelnose sturgeon had higher concentrations of AST, glucose, and globulin than did that of females, whereas the plasma of females had higher concentrations of albumin and K+ than that of males. This study is the first to report blood chemistry data for shovelnose sturgeon. Robust blood chemistry databases can be used by aquaculturists and fish managers for monitoring sturgeon health.
C1 [Sepulveda, Maria S.; Patrick, Holly K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Sutton, Trent M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Amberg, Jon J.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
RP Sepulveda, MS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 195 Marsteller St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM mssepulv@purdue.edu
RI Sepulveda, Maria/P-3598-2014; Wei, Qiwei/B-6928-2014
OI Wei, Qiwei/0000-0002-6366-1020
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission; Department of Forestry and Natural
Resources at Purdue University
FX We thank all who participated in the collection and processing of the
shovelnose sturgeon, especially T. Stefanovage, Reuben Goforth, and the
staff of the Indiana Department of Natural Resources (DNR) and Purdue's
Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory. We also are thankful to J.
Gadlage, A. Muir, and R. Mollenhauer for their assistance in the
laboratory. We thank the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Fish
Hatchery at Genoa, Wisconsin, the Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources (DNR) Wild Rose State Fish Hatchery, and the Michigan DNR Wolf
Lake State Fish Hatchery for providing the hatchery-reared lake sturgeon
and Purdy's Fishery (Point Edward, Ontario) for providing the
wild-caught lake sturgeon. The experimental procedures used in this
research were approved by the Purdue University Animal Care and Use
Committee in protocol 04-109. The lake sturgeon component of this
project was funded by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission and the
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources at Purdue University.
NR 48
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 10
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0899-7659
J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH
JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health
PY 2012
VL 24
IS 3
BP 135
EP 140
DI 10.1080/08997659.2012.675927
PG 6
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 018YP
UT WOS:000309704300001
PM 22870892
ER
PT J
AU Glenn, JA
Emmenegger, EJ
Grady, CA
Roon, SR
Gregg, JL
Conway, CM
Winton, JR
Hershberger, PK
AF Glenn, Jolene A.
Emmenegger, Eveline J.
Grady, Courtney A.
Roon, Sean R.
Gregg, Jacob L.
Conway, Carla M.
Winton, James R.
Hershberger, Paul K.
TI Kinetics of Viral Load and Erythrocytic Inclusion Body Formation in
Pacific Herring Artificially Infected with Erythrocytic Necrosis Virus
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID PUGET-SOUND; TRANSMISSION; HARENGUS; PISCINE; FISH
AB Viral erythrocytic necrosis (VEN) is a condition that affects marine and anadromous fish species, including herrings and salmonids, in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Infection is frequently associated with severe anemia and causes episodic mortality among wild and hatchery fish when accompanied by additional stressors; VEN can be presumptively diagnosed by (1) light microscopic identification of a single characteristic-a round, magenta-colored, 0.8-mu m-diameter inclusion body (IB) within the cytoplasm of erythrocytes and their precursors on Giemsa-stained blood films; or (2) observation (via transmission electron microscopy [TEM]) of the causative iridovirus, erythrocytic necrosis virus (ENV), within erythrocytes or their precursors. To better understand the kinetics of VEN, specific-pathogen-free Pacific herring Clupea pallasii were infected with ENV by intraperitoneal injection. At 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 d postexposure, samples of blood, spleen, and kidney were collected and assessed (1) via light microscopy for the number of intracytoplasmic IBs in blood smears and (2) via TEM for the number of virions within erythrocytes. The mean prevalence of intracytoplasmic IBs in the blood cells increased from 0% at 0-4 d postexposure to 94% at 28 d postexposure. Viral load within circulating red blood cells peaked at 7 d postexposure, fell slightly, and then reached a plateau. However, blood cells observed within the kidney and spleen tissues demonstrated high levels of ENV between 14 and 28 d postexposure. The results indicate that the viral load within erythrocytes does not correlate well with IB prevalence and that the virus can persist in infected fish for more than 28 d.
C1 [Glenn, Jolene A.; Emmenegger, Eveline J.; Conway, Carla M.; Winton, James R.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Grady, Courtney A.; Roon, Sean R.; Gregg, Jacob L.; Hershberger, Paul K.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
RP Emmenegger, EJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM eemmenegger@usgs.gov
FU National Center for Research Resources (Biomedical Research
Infrastructure Network Program, National Institutes of Health)
[RR-16455-04]; Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council [070819]; U.S.
Geological Survey
FX Images, electron microscopy services, and resources were provided by Jim
Driver of the Electron Microscopy Facility, Division of Biological
Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula. The Electron Microscopy
Facility is supported in part by Grant Number RR-16455-04 from the
National Center for Research Resources (Biomedical Research
Infrastructure Network Program, National Institutes of Health). We thank
Diane Elliott for consultations on the histological evaluation of TEM
sections. Funding was provided by the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee
Council (Project Number 070819) and the U.S. Geological Survey. The use
of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the
information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute
an official endorsement or approval by the U.S. Department of the
Interior or the U.S. Geological Survey of any product or service to the
exclusion of others that may be suitable.
NR 16
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U1 0
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0899-7659
J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH
JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health
PY 2012
VL 24
IS 3
BP 195
EP 200
DI 10.1080/08997659.2012.676592
PG 6
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 018YP
UT WOS:000309704300009
PM 22897154
ER
PT J
AU Okubo, CH
AF Okubo, Chris H.
TI Geologic Map of Kalaupapa Peninsula, Moloka'i, Hawai'i, USA
SO JOURNAL OF MAPS
LA English
DT Article
DE Kalaupapa; Hawai'i; volcanism; lava tube
AB Kalaupapa Peninsula, along the northern coast of East Moloka'i volcano, is a remarkably well-preserved example of rejuvenated-stage volcanism from a Hawaiian volcano. Mapping of lava flows, vents and other volcanic constructs reveals a diversity of landforms on this small monogenetic basaltic shield. The late-stage lava distributary system of this shield is dominated by a prominent lava channel and tube system emanating from the primary vent, Kauhak (o) over bar crater. This system, along with several smaller examples, fed five prominent rootless vents downslope from Kauhak (o) over bar. This map shows the subaerial part of this volcanic construct at 1:30,000 scale and encompasses an area of approximately 20.6 km(2).
C1 US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Okubo, CH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM cokubo@usgs.gov
FU Kalaupapa National Historic Park
FX Careful and thorough reviews of this map by M. Dooley, S. Rowland, and
an anonymous reviewer are sincerely appreciated. L. Kestay, J. Skinner,
and J. Richie assisted with the USGS internal review of this publication
(IP-037131). W. Halliday provided assistance in the field. This work was
conducted under a scientific research permit granted by Kalaupapa
National Historic Park.
NR 8
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U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1744-5647
J9 J MAPS
JI J. Maps
PY 2012
VL 8
IS 3
BP 267
EP 270
DI 10.1080/17445647.2012.716751
PG 4
WC Geography; Geography, Physical
SC Geography; Physical Geography
GA 016ZG
UT WOS:000309557800009
ER
PT J
AU Allyn, AJ
McKnight, A
McGarigal, K
Griffin, CR
Kuletz, KJ
Irons, DB
AF Allyn, Andrew J.
McKnight, Aly
McGarigal, Kevin
Griffin, Curtice R.
Kuletz, Katherine J.
Irons, David B.
TI Relationships among Kittlitz's murrelet habitat use, temperature-depth
profiles, and landscape features in Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Brachyramphus brevirostris; Kittlitz's murrelet; Seabird habitat use;
Conductivity-temperature depth meter; Temperature-depth profile; Water
column profile; Glacial moraines; Case-controlled logistic regression
ID BRACHYRAMPHUS-BREVIROSTRIS; MARBLED MURRELETS; GLACIER BAY; SEABIRD;
PATTERNS; ZOOPLANKTON; ABUNDANCE; BEHAVIOR; ECOLOGY; GRADIENTS
AB Although seabirds search large areas for food, their distributions often correlate with physical characteristics of the marine environment that can serve to aggregate prey. Kittlitz's murrelets Brachyramphus brevirostris are found almost exclusively in Alaskan waters, where they are closely associated with glacial fjords, suggesting that the distribution of this bird might be tightly linked to specific physical habitat characteristics of the fjords. We investigated relationships among locations used by Kittlitz's murrelets, water column characteristics, and landscape features in Harriman Fjord and Heather Bay, Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA. In Harriman Fjord, Kittlitz's murrelets were observed in shallow water near upwelling areas, indicated by a cold-water wedge near the surface (similar to 10 m depth) in temperature-depth profiles. In Heather Bay, Kittlitz's murrelets used locations closer to the glacial moraine than the average available habitat. The temperature-depth profiles at these locations showed a cold, fresh surface layer (near surface to 5 m depth); however, the temperature-depth profile variable was statistically insignificant, likely because of small sample size. Although the best temperature-depth profile variables were dramatically different between the 2 fjords, both of these glacially influenced water column characteristics may serve to concentrate prey at an optimal depth, allowing Kittlitz's murrelets to focus their effort at predictable foraging locations. Given the widespread wasting of glaciers throughout their range, Kittlitz's murrelets may face increased pressure as changes in water column dynamics within glacial fjords affect the distribution and concentration of preferred prey.
C1 [Allyn, Andrew J.; McGarigal, Kevin; Griffin, Curtice R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[McKnight, Aly; Kuletz, Katherine J.; Irons, David B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Allyn, AJ (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM aallyn@eco.umass.edu
FU Earthwatch Institute; National Science Foundation-sponsored IGERT:
Offshore Wind Energy, Engineering, Environmental Science and Policy
[1068864]
FX This work was funded by the Earthwatch Institute and partially supported
by the National Science Foundation-sponsored IGERT: Offshore Wind
Energy, Engineering, Environmental Science and Policy (Grant Number
1068864). The US Fish and Wildlife Service Migratory Bird Management
Program-Anchorage, AK, provided survey vessels and equipment. We thank
A. Robbins and N. Nelson for their dedicated field support and help with
data collection. Additionally, we thank the Earthwatch volunteers A.
Adley, S. Arthur, D. Brindle, M. Rivera, D. Smith, R. Speer, and J.
Stayner for their help with data collection. M. Leckie (University of
Massachusetts) and J. Brigham-Grette (University of Massachusetts)
provided helpful insight into interpreting temperature-depth profiles,
and possible tidewater glacier mechanisms that could have caused the
observed profiles. Two anonymous reviewers greatly enhanced the quality
of this manuscript.
NR 54
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PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 466
BP 233
EP 247
DI 10.3354/meps09916
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 020TS
UT WOS:000309838100020
ER
PT J
AU Foster, MS
McDiarmid, RW
Chernoff, N
AF Foster, Mercedes S.
McDiarmid, Roy W.
Chernoff, Neil
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Studying Reptile Diversity
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Foster, Mercedes S.; McDiarmid, Roy W.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Chernoff, Neil] US EPA, Toxicol Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Foster, MS (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM fosterm@si.edu; mcdiarmr@si.edu; chernoff.neil@epa.gov; mcdiarmr@si.edu;
fosterm@si.edu; chernoff.neil@epa.gov
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 3
EP 5
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400003
ER
PT J
AU McDiarmid, RW
AF McDiarmid, Roy W.
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Reptile Diversity and Natural History: An Overview
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP McDiarmid, RW (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM mcdiarmr@si.edu; mcdiarmr@si.edu
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 4
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 7
EP 23
PG 17
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400004
ER
PT J
AU Fisher, RN
Foster, MS
AF Fisher, Robert N.
Foster, Mercedes S.
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Study Design and Sampling
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Fisher, Robert N.] USGS Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
[Foster, Mercedes S.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Fisher, RN (reprint author), USGS Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, 4165 Spruance Ave,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
EM rfisher@usgs.gov; fosterm@si.edu; fosterm@si.edu
NR 0
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U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 27
EP 50
PG 24
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400005
ER
PT J
AU Foster, MS
Fisher, RN
AF Foster, Mercedes S.
Fisher, Robert N.
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Dealing with Associated Data
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Foster, Mercedes S.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Fisher, Robert N.] USGS Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
RP Foster, MS (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM fosterm@si.edu; rfisher@usgs.gov; fosterm@si.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 51
EP 76
PG 26
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400006
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, RP
McDiarmid, RW
AF Reynolds, Robert P.
McDiarmid, Roy W.
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Voucher Specimens
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Reynolds, Robert P.; McDiarmid, Roy W.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Reynolds, RP (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM reynoldsrp@si.edu
NR 0
TC 1
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U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 89
EP 94
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400008
ER
PT J
AU Foster, MS
AF Foster, Mercedes S.
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Preparing Reptiles as Voucher Specimens
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Foster, MS (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM fosterm@si.edu; fosterm@si.edu
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 95
EP 125
PG 31
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400009
ER
PT J
AU Foster, MS
AF Foster, Mercedes S.
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Dealing with Live Reptiles
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Foster, MS (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM fosterm@si.edu; fosterm@si.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
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PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 127
EP 141
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400010
ER
PT J
AU Reed, RN
Tucker, AD
AF Reed, Robert N.
Tucker, Anton D.
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Determining Age, Sex, and Reproductive Condition
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Reed, Robert N.] USGS Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Tucker, Anton D.] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
RP Reed, RN (reprint author), USGS Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM reedr@usgs.gov; tucker@mote.org
NR 0
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 151
EP 163
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400012
ER
PT J
AU Rodda, GH
AF Rodda, Gordon H.
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Statistical Properties of Techniques and Validation
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USGS Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Rodda, GH (reprint author), USGS Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM Gordon_Rodda@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 197
EP 203
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400014
ER
PT J
AU Foster, MS
AF Foster, Mercedes S.
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Standard Techniques for Inventory and Monitoring
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Foster, MS (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM fosterm@si.edu; fosterm@si.edu
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 205
EP 271
PG 67
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400015
ER
PT J
AU Rodda, GH
AF Rodda, Gordon H.
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Population Size and Demographics
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USGS Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Rodda, GH (reprint author), USGS Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM Gordon_Rodda@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 283
EP 322
PG 40
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400017
ER
PT J
AU McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
AF McDiarmid, Roy W.
Foster, Mercedes S.
BE McDiarmid, RW
Foster, MS
Guyer, C
Gibbons, JW
Chernoff, N
TI Reptile Biodiversity: Where Do We Go from Here?
SO REPTILE BIODIVERSITY: STANDARD METHODS FOR INVENTORY AND MONITORING
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [McDiarmid, Roy W.; Foster, Mercedes S.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP McDiarmid, RW (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM mcdiarmr@si.edu; mcdiarmr@si.edu
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA
BN 978-0-520-95207-2
PY 2012
BP 335
EP 340
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BCG10
UT WOS:000310139400019
ER
PT J
AU Vyas, NB
Rattner, BA
AF Vyas, Nimish B.
Rattner, Barnett A.
TI Critique on the Use of the Standardized Avian Acute Oral Toxicity Test
for First Generation Anticoagulant Rodenticides
SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE birds; first generation anticoagulant rodenticide; hazard; risk;
standardized acute oral toxicity test
ID NEW-YORK; DIPHACINONE; BRODIFACOUM; DIFENACOUM; TOXICOSIS; WILDLIFE;
RAPTORS; DOG
AB Avian risk assessments for rodenticides are often driven by the results of standardized acute oral toxicity tests without regards to a toxicant's mode of action and time course of adverse effects. First generation anticoagulant rodenticides (FGARs) generally require multiple feedings over several days to achieve a threshold concentration in tissue and cause adverse effects. This exposure regimen is much different than that used in the standardized acute oral toxicity test methodology. Median lethal dose values derived from standardized acute oral toxicity tests underestimate the environmental hazard and risk of FGARs. Caution is warranted when FGAR toxicity, physiological effects, and pharmacokinetics derived from standardized acute oral toxicity testing are used for forensic confirmation of the cause of death in avian mortality incidents and when characterizing FGARs' risks to free-ranging birds.
C1 [Vyas, Nimish B.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville Lab, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Vyas, NB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville Lab, BARC E, Bldg 308,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM nvyas@usgs.gov
NR 39
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 18
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1080-7039
J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS
JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
PY 2012
VL 18
IS 5
BP 1069
EP 1077
DI 10.1080/10807039.2012.707934
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 012ZG
UT WOS:000309274700008
ER
PT J
AU Gause, BR
Trushenski, JT
Bowzer, JC
Bowker, JD
AF Gause, Brian R.
Trushenski, Jesse T.
Bowzer, John C.
Bowker, James D.
TI Efficacy and Physiological Responses of Grass Carp to Different Sedation
Techniques: I. Effects of Various Chemicals on Sedation and Blood
Chemistry
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BASS MORONE-SAXATILIS; HYBRID STRIPED BASS;
SALMON SALMO-SALAR; PLASMA-CORTISOL; ATLANTIC SALMON; STRESS INDICATORS;
CLOVE OIL; ANESTHESIA; GLUCOSE
AB Grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella are commonly used as a low cost, biological control for aquatic vegetation in aquaculture ponds and other private and public waters. In order to minimize the risk of establishing self-sustaining populations in U. S. waters, many states now require grass carp be certified as triploid prior to sale and stocking. To facilitate ploidy testing, grass carp are typically sedated before collecting blood samples. Chemical sedatives such as tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are most commonly used to sedate fish, but there is increasing interest in other chemical sedatives such as benzocaine and eugenol. We evaluated time to induction to Stage IV sedation and recovery, survival, and postsedation blood chemistry of grass carp (301 +/- 8 g, mean +/- SE) sedated with MS-222 (150 mg/L), benzocaine (150 mg/L), eugenol (60 mg/L), or CO2 (similar to 400 mg/L). Induction times for all sedatives excluding CO2 (14.9 min) were less than 2.4 min (range, 1.5-2.4 min). Average recovery time after induction was 5.8 min (range, 2.8-8.3 min) excluding benzocaine, which had a recovery time of 15.4 min. Survival was high and unaffected by sedative option. Plasma cortisol and lactate levels peaked between 0.5 and 1 h postinduction before returning to resting levels at 6 h postinduction. No obvious changes were observed in blood glucose or hematocrit. Each of the sedatives was effective in sedating grass carp, and though changes in blood chemistry indicated that an acute stress response occurred, the response was transient. Although each of the evaluated sedatives would facilitate ploidy testing, some strategies may be more appropriate than others based on FDA approval status and access to the sedative compound, handling time, withdrawal period, and on-site conditions and resources.
C1 [Gause, Brian R.; Trushenski, Jesse T.; Bowzer, John C.] So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Bowker, James D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Trushenski, JT (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, 1125 Lincoln Dr,Room 173, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
EM saluski@siu.edu
NR 29
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 14
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 4
BP 560
EP 566
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.691013
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 014OR
UT WOS:000309385900019
ER
PT J
AU Bowzer, JC
Trushenski, JT
Gause, BR
Bowker, JD
AF Bowzer, John C.
Trushenski, Jesse T.
Gause, Brian R.
Bowker, James D.
TI Efficacy and Physiological Responses of Grass Carp to Different Sedation
Techniques: II. Effect of Pulsed DC Electricity Voltage and Exposure
Time on Sedation and Blood Chemistry
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BASS MORONE-SAXATILIS; HYBRID STRIPED BASS;
RAINBOW-TROUT; STRESS INDICATORS; ATLANTIC SALMON; PLASMA-CORTISOL;
CARBON-DIOXIDE; ANESTHESIA; FISH
AB Owing to the current absence of an approved "immediate-release" chemical sedative for use on fish, researchers have been exploring alternative methods that would allow treated fish to be released immediately after sedation, including the use of electrosedation. To address the efficacy of this approach, we evaluated induction and recovery times, survival, and postsedation hematology of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (291 +/- 6.7 g, 30.6 +/- 0.3 cm TL, mean +/- SE) sedated by exposure to 100, 150, or 200 V of pulsed DC (30 Hz and 25% duty cycle) for 5 or 10 s. Regardless of voltage strength or exposure time, all fish were sedated to Stage IV sedation within 0.75 min and recovered within 1.5 min. Although recovery times for fish exposed to electrosedation for 10 s were longer than those for fish electrosedated for 5 s using 100 and 150 V, the opposite trend was observed among fish sedated using 200 V. Overall, induction and recovery times were short: total time elapsed from induction to full recovery ranged from 1.0 to 2.1 min (mean, 1.6 min). No mortalities were observed 24 h postsedation. Hematological changes observed were consistent with an acute stress response, but these effects were transient and few differences were observed among the electrosedation protocols used. Our results indicate that pulsed DC electrosedation is an effective strategy for quickly and easily sedating grass carp.
C1 [Bowzer, John C.; Trushenski, Jesse T.; Gause, Brian R.] So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Bowker, James D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Trushenski, JT (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, 1125 Lincoln Dr,Room 173, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
EM saluski@siu.edu
NR 40
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 4
BP 567
EP 574
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.690830
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 014OR
UT WOS:000309385900020
ER
PT J
AU Love, JW
Newhard, JJ
AF Love, Joseph W.
Newhard, Joshua J.
TI Will the Expansion of Northern Snakehead Negatively Affect the Fishery
for Largemouth Bass in the Potomac River (Chesapeake Bay)?
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID CHANNA-ARGUS; MICROPTERUS-SALMOIDES; AQUATIC VEGETATION; NATURAL
MORTALITY; GROWTH; RECRUITMENT; POPULATION; INVASION; MODEL; PREDATION
AB A modeling study was conducted to determine if the expansion of invasive northern snakehead Channa argus could negatively affect the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides population size in Potomac River (Chesapeake Bay). Current distributions for both species were generated using catch records. Northern snakehead was not widely distributed during the study period and occurred mainly in upstream areas of tributaries. Many of these areas were moderately or highly suitable habitats for largemouth bass. Of sites where juvenile largemouth bass were collected, 10.6% were associated with northern snakehead. Using population modeling and measured predator-prey interactions, we determined that this level of co-occurrence would result in a 3.8% reduction in largemouth bass population size. This prediction is consistent with current observations that indicate there has not been a negative trend in the largemouth bass fishery. As co-occurrence was increased in the model, however, the negative impact of northern snakehead on largemouth bass monotonically increased. The time required for such increases in northern snakehead distribution is not known. If northern snakehead continues to expand its range in the absence of control measures, then our population model, with its assumptions, predicts a 35.5% reduction in the abundance of largemouth bass in the Potomac River.
C1 [Love, Joseph W.] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Newhard, Joshua J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Maryland Fishery Resources Off, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
RP Love, JW (reprint author), Maryland Dept Nat Resources, 580 Taylor Ave, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
EM jlove@dnr.state.md.us
NR 46
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 10
U2 78
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 5
BP 859
EP 868
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.703160
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 014PN
UT WOS:000309388200007
ER
PT J
AU Nutile, S
Amberg, JJ
Sepulveda, MS
Goforth, RR
AF Nutile, Sam
Amberg, Jon J.
Sepulveda, Maria S.
Goforth, Reuben R.
TI Effects of Multiple Electrical Field Exposures on Cyprinid Embryo
Survival
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID ELECTROPORATION; ELECTROSHOCKING; ZEBRAFISH
AB The effects of electricity on fish embryo survival during sampling events have been previously researched, demonstrating that survival is affected by voltage gradient, current type, exposure duration, developmental stage, and egg diameter. However, the effects of multiple electrical field exposures on fish embryos, such as during sampling depletions, have not been investigated. We conducted multiple electrical field exposures over a range of voltage gradients and resting intervals to determine potential effects on zebrafish Danio rerio embryos during epiboly. However, multiple electrical field exposures had no effect on zebrafish embryo survival, and the only factor to significantly decrease survival regardless of the number of exposures was a voltage gradient of 16 V/cm. Since zebrafish are widely used as model cyprinids, our results suggest that multiple electrical field exposures during electrofishing depletions are not likely to significantly increase cyprinid fish embryo mortality.
C1 [Nutile, Sam; Sepulveda, Maria S.; Goforth, Reuben R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Amberg, Jon J.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
RP Goforth, RR (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM rgoforth@purdue.edu
RI Sepulveda, Maria/P-3598-2014; Goforth, Reuben/B-1646-2010
OI Goforth, Reuben/0000-0001-6891-3146
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 5
BP 875
EP 879
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.699017
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 014PN
UT WOS:000309388200009
ER
PT J
AU Meerbeek, JR
Bettoli, PW
AF Meerbeek, Jonathan R.
Bettoli, Phillip W.
TI Relying on Fin Erosion to Identify Hatchery-Reared Brown Trout in a
Tennessee River
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID RAINBOW-TROUT; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS
AB Hatchery-induced fin erosion can be used to identify recently stocked catchable-size brown trout Salmo trutta during annual surveys to qualitatively estimate contributions to a fishery. However, little is known about the longevity of this mark and its effectiveness as a short-term (<= 1 year) mass-marking technique. We evaluated hatchery-induced pectoral fin erosion as a mass-marking technique for short-term stocking evaluations by stocking microtagged brown trout in a tailwater and repeatedly sampling those fish to observe and measure their pectoral fins. At Dale Hollow National Fish Hatchery, 99.1% (228 of 230) of microtagged brown trout in outdoor concrete raceways had eroded pectoral fins 1 d prior to stocking. Between 34 and 68 microtagged and 26-35 wild brown trout were collected during eight subsequent electrofishing samples. In a blind test based on visual examination of pectoral fins at up to 322 d poststocking, one observer correctly identified 91.7% to 100.0% (mean of 96.9%) of microtagged brown trout prior to checking for microtags. In the laboratory, pectoral fin length and width measurements were recorded to statistically compare the fin measurements of wild and microtagged hatchery brown trout. With only one exception, all pectoral fin measurements on each date averaged significantly larger for wild trout than for microtagged brown trout. Based on the number of pectoral fin measurements falling below 95% prediction intervals, 93.7% (148 of 158) of microtagged trout were correctly identified as hatchery fish based on regression models up to 160 d poststocking. Only 72.2% (70 of 97) of microtagged trout were identified correctly after 160 d based on pectoral fin measurements and the regression models. We concluded that visual examination of pectoral fin erosion was a very effective way to identify stocked brown trout for up to 322 d poststocking.
C1 [Bettoli, Phillip W.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
[Meerbeek, Jonathan R.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Biol, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
RP Meerbeek, JR (reprint author), Iowa Dept Nat Resources, 122 252nd Ave, Spirit Lake, IA 51360 USA.
EM jonathan.meerbeek@dnr.iowa.gov
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 5
BP 922
EP 928
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.692350
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 014PN
UT WOS:000309388200013
ER
PT J
AU Alexiades, AV
Peacock, MM
Al-Chokhachy, R
AF Alexiades, Alexander V.
Peacock, Mary M.
Al-Chokhachy, Robert
TI Movement Patterns, Habitat Use, and Survival of Lahontan Cutthroat Trout
in the Truckee River
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID BROOK TROUT; STREAM FISH; RESTRICTED MOVEMENT; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; ICE
PROCESSES; VITAL-RATES; BROWN TROUT; BULL TROUT; POPULATION; WINTER
AB Habitat fragmentation, hybridization, and competition with nonnative salmonids are viewed as major threats to Lahontan cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi. Understanding Lahontan cutthroat trout behavior and survival is a necessary step in the reintroduction and establishment of naturally reproducing populations of Lahontan cutthroat trout. We used weekly radiotelemetry monitoring to examine movement patterns, habitat use, and apparent survival of 42 hatchery-reared Lahontan cutthroat trout in a 16.5-km stretch of the Truckee River, Nevada, across three reaches separated by barriers to upstream movement. We found differences in total movement distances and home range sizes of fish in different reaches within our study area. Fish used pool habitats more than fast water habitats in all reaches. Time of year, stream temperature, and fish standard length covariates had the strongest relationship with apparent survival. Monthly apparent survival was lowest in January, which coincided with the lowest flows and temperatures during the study period. Our results verify the mobility of Lahontan cutthroat trout and indicate that conditions during winter may limit the survival and reintroduction success in the portions of the Truckee River evaluated in this study.
C1 [Alexiades, Alexander V.; Peacock, Mary M.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Alexiades, Alexander V.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Al-Chokhachy, Robert] US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Alexiades, AV (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM ava29@cornell.edu
FU Lahontan National Fish Hatchery Complex, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Reno, Nevada
FX Tim Loux, Jay Bigelow, Roger Peka, Erik Hoergen, and James Hoang (USFWS)
provided assistance in the field and hatchery. Funding for this project
was provided by the Lahontan National Fish Hatchery Complex, U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, Reno, Nevada. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 61
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 41
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 5
BP 974
EP 983
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.711272
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 014PN
UT WOS:000309388200019
ER
PT J
AU Whiting, JC
Olson, DD
Shannon, JM
Bowyer, RT
Klaver, RW
Flinders, JT
AF Whiting, Jericho C.
Olson, Daniel D.
Shannon, Justin M.
Bowyer, R. Terry
Klaver, Robert W.
Flinders, Jerran T.
TI Timing and synchrony of births in bighorn sheep: implications for
reintroduction and conservation
SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE birthing period; Ovis canadensis; parturition; restoration;
translocation
ID SATELLITE SENSOR DATA; OVIS-CANADENSIS; MOUNTAIN SHEEP; RED DEER;
REPRODUCTIVE SYNCHRONY; SEXUAL SEGREGATION; LAMBING PERIOD; ALASKAN
MOOSE; DALLS SHEEP; TIME-SERIES
AB Context. Timing (mean birthdate) and synchrony (variance around that date) of births can influence survival of young and growth in ungulate populations. Some restored populations of ungulates may not adjust these life-history characteristics to environments of release sites until several years after release, which may influence success of reintroductions.
Aims. We quantified timing and synchrony of births from 2005 to 2007 in four populations of reintroduced bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) occupying two ecoregions (Central Basin and Range and Wasatch and Uinta Mountains) in Utah, USA, to investigate whether bighorns would adjust these life-history characteristics to environmental conditions of the two ecoregions. We also compared timing and synchrony of births for bighorns in their source herd (Antelope Island) with bighorns in an ecologically similar release site (Stansbury Mountains) during 2006 and 2007.
Methods. We relocated female bighorns to record birthdates of young, and observed groups of collared bighorns to quantify use of elevation by those ungulates. We also calculated the initiation, rate and timing of peak green-up by ecoregion, using the normalised difference vegetation index.
Key results. We quantified 274 birthdates, and although only separated by 57 km, bighorn populations occupying the Central Basin and Range Mountains gave birth an average of 29 days earlier than did those on the Wasatch and Uinta Mountains, which corresponded with the initiation of vegetation green-up. Additionally, bighorn sheep on the Stansbury Mountains (ecologically similar release site) gave birth at similar times as did bighorns on Antelope Island (source area).
Conclusions. Populations of bighorn sheep that were reintroduced into adjacent ecoregions adjusted timing of births to environments and green-up of vegetation in restoration areas. Timing and synchrony of births for reintroduced bighorn sheep in an ecologically similar release site were the same as those of their source area.
Implications. Consideration should be given to the adjustment of timing and synchrony of births when reintroducing bighorns, especially when animals are released into different ecoregions. Also, biologists should select release sites that are ecologically similar to source areas, thereby reducing potential negative effects of animals adjusting timing and synchrony of births to environmental conditions of restoration areas.
C1 [Olson, Daniel D.; Shannon, Justin M.; Flinders, Jerran T.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Klaver, Robert W.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Whiting, Jericho C.; Bowyer, R. Terry] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
RP Whiting, JC (reprint author), Gonzales Stoller Surveillance, 120 Technology Dr, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA.
EM jwhiting@gssif.com
FU Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; Utah Chapter of the Foundation for
North American Wild Sheep; USA Department of Defence; Utah State Parks
FX This study was supported by the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, the
Utah Chapter of the Foundation for North American Wild Sheep, USA
Department of Defence and Utah State Parks. We thank T. Smith, L. Chase,
J. Oyster, K. Sproat and L. Davis for their assistance with this study.
Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the United States Government. We also
thank V. Bleich for reviewing this manuscript.
NR 61
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 8
U2 43
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1035-3712
J9 WILDLIFE RES
JI Wildl. Res.
PY 2012
VL 39
IS 7
BP 565
EP 572
DI 10.1071/WR12059
PG 8
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 013AB
UT WOS:000309276800002
ER
PT J
AU Gorman, OT
Yule, DL
Stockwell, JD
AF Gorman, Owen T.
Yule, Daniel L.
Stockwell, Jason D.
TI Habitat use by fishes of Lake Superior. I. Diel patterns of habitat use
in nearshore and offshore waters of the Apostle Islands region
SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Great Lakes; fish communities; diel migration; habitat linkages; habitat
coupling
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; VERTICAL MIGRATION; FOOD-WEB; MYSIS-RELICTA;
FEEDING PERIODICITY; PELAGIC COMMUNITY; STABLE-ISOTOPE; CARBON FLUX;
ZOOPLANKTON; TROUT
AB Diel patterns of distribution of fishes in nearshore (15-80 m depth) and offshore (>80 m) waters of the Apostle Islands region of Lake Superior were described using bottom trawls, mid-water trawls, and acoustic gear during day and night sampling. These data revealed three types of diel migration: diel vertical migration (DVM), diel bank migration (DBM), and no migration. DVM was expressed by fishes migrating from benthopelagic to pelagic strata and DBM was expressed by fishes migrating horizontally from deeper waters in the day to shallower waters at night while remaining within the benthopelagic stratum. Most fishes that did not exhibit diel migration showed increased nighttime densities as a result of increased activity and movement from benthic to benthopelagic strata. Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax), Cisco (Coregonus artedi), Bloater (C. hoyi), Kiyi (C. kiyi), juvenile Trout-Perch (Percopsis omiscomaycus), and adult siscowet (Salvelinus namaycush siscowet) exhibited DVM. Lake Whitefish (C. clupeaformis), lean Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush namaycush), and juvenile siscowet exhibited DBM. Adult Trout-Perch and adult Pygmy Whitefish (Prosopium coulteri) exhibited a mixture of DBM and DVM. Burbot (Lota lota), Slimy Sculpin (Cottus cognatus), Spoonhead Sculpin (C. ricei), and Deepwater Sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsonii) did not exhibit diel migration, but showed evidence of increased nocturnal activity. Ninespine Stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) exhibited a mixture of DVM and non-migration. Juvenile Pygmy Whitefish did not show a diel change in density or depth distribution. Species showing ontogenetic shifts in depth distribution with larger, adult life stages occupying deeper waters included, Rainbow Smelt, lean and siscowet Lake Trout, Lake Whitefish, Pygmy Whitefish, Ninespine Stickleback and Trout-Perch. Of these species, siscowet also showed an ontogenetic shift from primarily DBM as juveniles to primarily DVM as adults. Across all depths, fishes expressing DVM accounted for 73% of the total estimated community areal biomass (kg ha(-1)) while those expressing DBM accounted for 25% and non-migratory species represented 2% of the biomass. The proportion of total community biomass exhibiting DVM increased with depth, from 59% to 95% across <= 30 m to > 90 m depth zones. Along the same depth gradient, the proportion of total community biomass exhibiting DBM declined from 40% to 1%, while non-migrators increased from 1% to 4%. These results indicate that DVM and DBM behaviors are pervasive in the Lake Superior fish community and potentially provide strong linkages that effect coupling of benthic and pelagic and nearshore and offshore habitats.
C1 [Gorman, Owen T.; Yule, Daniel L.] US Geol Survey, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
[Stockwell, Jason D.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Ecosyst Sci Lab, Montpelier, VT 05401 USA.
RP Gorman, OT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lake Super Biol Stn, 2800 Lake Shore Dr E, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
EM otgorman@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank our USGS technicians Lori Evrard, Jill Falck and Gary Cholwek
who oversaw collection and processing of many trawl samples. Thanks also
to Lori Evrard for data entry and providing trawl-based data summaries
and to Laura Graf for providing editorial assistance in preparing the
manuscript. We also need to thank the many Northland College students
that helped with various phases of the study, especially Michael Keiran,
Zebadiah and Zachariah Woiak, and Kari Kudick. David Bunnell, Thomas
Hrabik, Martin Stapanian, and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful
suggestions for improving this manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U. S. Government. This work was supported by funds
from the U.S. Geological Survey. This article is Contribution 1693 of
the USGS Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 69
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 39
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1463-4988
J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH
JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag.
PY 2012
VL 15
IS 3
BP 333
EP 354
DI 10.1080/14634988.2012.715972
PG 22
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 010YE
UT WOS:000309129600014
ER
PT J
AU Gorman, OT
Yule, DL
Stockwell, JD
AF Gorman, Owen T.
Yule, Daniel L.
Stockwell, Jason D.
TI Habitat use by fishes of Lake Superior. II. Consequences of diel habitat
use for habitat linkages and habitat coupling in nearshore and offshore
waters
SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Great Lakes; fish communities; diel migration
ID AMPHIPOD DIPOREIA SPP.; PELAGIC FOOD WEBS; VERTICAL MIGRATION;
STABLE-ISOTOPE; PREY SELECTION; MYSIS-RELICTA; COMMUNITY; TROUT;
ECOSYSTEMS; MICHIGAN
AB Diel migration patterns of fishes in nearshore (15-80 m depth) and offshore (>80 m) waters of Lake Superior were examined to assess the potential for diel migration to link benthic and pelagic, and nearshore and offshore habitats. In our companion article, we described three types of diel migration: diel vertical migration (DVM), diel bank migration (DBM), and no diel migration. DVM was expressed by fishes migrating from benthopelagic to pelagic positions and DBM was expressed by fishes migrating horizontally from deep to shallow waters at night. Fishes not exhibiting diel migration typically showed increased activity by moving from benthic to benthopelagic positions within demersal habitat. The distribution and biomass of fishes in Lake Superior was characterized by examining 704 bottom trawl samples collected between 2001 and 2008 from four depth zones: <= 40, 41-80, 81-160, and > 160 m. Diel migration behaviors of fishes described in our companion article were applied to estimates of areal biomass (kg ha(-1)) for each species by depth zone. The relative strength of diel migrations were assessed by applying lake area to areal biomass estimates for each species by depth zone to yield estimates of lake-wide biomass (metric tonnes). Overall, species expressing DVM accounted for 83%, DBM 6%, and non-migration 11% of the total lake-wide community biomass. In nearshore waters, species expressing DVM represented 74% of the biomass, DBM 25%, and non-migration 1%. In offshore waters, species expressing DVM represented 85%, DBM 1%, and non-migration 14% of the biomass. Of species expressing DVM, 83% of total biomass occurred in offshore waters. Similarly, 97% of biomass of non-migrators occurred in offshore waters while 83% of biomass of species expressing DBM occurred in nearshore waters. A high correlation (R-2 = 0.996) between lake area and community biomass by depth zone resulted in 81% of the lake-wide biomass occurring in offshore waters. Accentuating this nearshore-offshore trend was one of increasing estimated total areal biomass of the fish community with depth zone, which ranged from 13.71 kg ha(-1) at depths <= 40 m to 18.81 kg ha(-1) at depths > 160 m, emphasizing the importance of the offshore fish community to the lake ecosystem. The prevalence of diel migration expressed by Lake Superior fishes increases the potential of fish to link benthic and pelagic and shallow and deepwater habitats. These linkages enhance the potential for habitat coupling, a condition where habitats become interconnected and interdependent through transfers of energy and nutrients. Habitat coupling facilitates energy and nutrient flow through a lake ecosystem, thereby increasing productivity, especially in large lakes where benthic and pelagic, and nearshore and offshore habitats are often well separated. We propose that the application of biomass estimates to patterns of diel migration in fishes can serve as a useful metric for assessing the potential for habitat linkages and habitat coupling in lake ecosystems, and provide an important indicator of ecosystem health and function. The decline of native Lake Trout and ciscoes and recent declines in exotic Alewife and Rainbow Smelt populations in other Great Lakes have likely reduced the capacity for benthic-pelagic coupling in these systems compared to Lake Superior. We recommend comparing the levels and temporal changes in diel migration in other Great Lakes as a means to assess changes in the relative health and function of these ecosystems.
C1 [Gorman, Owen T.; Yule, Daniel L.] US Geol Survey, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
[Stockwell, Jason D.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Ecosyst Sci Lab, Montpelier, VT 05401 USA.
RP Gorman, OT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lake Super Biol Stn, 2800 Lake Shore Dr E, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
EM otgorman@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX This article would not have been possible without the help of many
people dedicated to revealing the wonders of Lake Superior. We need to
tribute our USGS technicians Lori Evrard, Jill Falck and Gary Cholwek
who oversaw collection and processing of many trawl samples. Thanks also
to Lori Evrard for data entry and providing trawl-based data summaries,
and to Laura Graf for providing editorial assistance in preparing the
manuscript. We also need to thank the many Northland College interns
that helped with various phases of the study, especially Michael Keiran,
Zebadiah and Zachariah Woiak, and Kari Kudick. David Bunnell, Thomas
Hrabik, Martin Stapanian, and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful
suggestions for improving this manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U. S. Government. This work was supported by funds
from the U.S. Geological Survey. This article is Contribution 1694 of
the USGS Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 57
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 15
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1463-4988
J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH
JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag.
PY 2012
VL 15
IS 3
BP 355
EP 368
DI 10.1080/14634988.2012.711664
PG 14
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 010YE
UT WOS:000309129600015
ER
PT S
AU Hughes, AG
van Wonderen, JJ
Rees, JG
Seymour, KJ
Manful, D
Karl, H
AF Hughes, A. G.
van Wonderen, J. J.
Rees, J. G.
Seymour, K. J.
Manful, D.
Karl, H.
BE Shepley, MG
Whiteman, MI
Hulme, PJ
Grout, MW
TI How to get your model results used: a guide to stakeholder engagement
SO GROUNDWATER RESOURCES MODELLING: A CASE STUDY FROM THE UK
SE Geological Society Special Publication
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID MANAGEMENT; SCIENCE
AB The usage of modelling results by their intended audience is an important aspect of undertaking any project. However, providing the appropriate results in the correct way to key stakeholders is not a straightforward task. Fortunately, there is a growing body of work about approaching the engagement of stakeholders in a way to maximize the impact of modelling results. Using the lessons learnt from a number of recent workshops, including those conducted for the benefits realization process undertaken for the Environment Agency of England and Wales, suggestions for best practice are presented and their relative merits discussed. Best practice for getting groundwater modelling results used by their intended audience is proposed.
C1 [Hughes, A. G.; Rees, J. G.] BGS Keyworth Dinglesy Dunham Ctr, Keyworth NG12 5EP, Notts, England.
[van Wonderen, J. J.] Mott MacDonald, Cambridge CB1 2RS, England.
[Seymour, K. J.] Environm Agcy, Warrington WA4 1HT, Cheshire, England.
[Manful, D.] Kings Coll London, Dept Geog, London WC2R 2LS, England.
[Karl, H.] MIT, US Geol Survey, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Hughes, AG (reprint author), BGS Keyworth Dinglesy Dunham Ctr, Keyworth NG12 5EP, Notts, England.
EM aghug@bgs.ac.uk
NR 27
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBLISHING HOUSE
PI BATH
PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CTR, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON,
ENGLAND
SN 0305-8719
BN 978-1-86239-344-8
J9 GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL
JI Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ.
PY 2012
VL 364
BP 39
EP 48
DI 10.1144/SP364.4
D2 10.1144/SP364.0
PG 10
WC Geology; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA BBX40
UT WOS:000308560100006
ER
PT J
AU Schoenebeck, CW
Brown, ML
Chipps, SR
German, DR
AF Schoenebeck, Casey W.
Brown, Michael L.
Chipps, Steven R.
German, David R.
TI Nutrient and algal responses to winterkilled fish-derived nutrient
subsidies in eutrophic lakes
SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE bioassays; common carp; fish-derived nutrient subsidies; nutrient
limitation; phytoplankton; winterkill
ID PHOSPHORUS RELEASE; SOUTH-DAKOTA; BOREAL LAKES; PHYTOPLANKTON;
DECOMPOSITION; GROWTH; PRODUCTIVITY; COMPETITION; ECOSYSTEMS; LIMNOLOGY
AB Schoenebeck CW, Brown ML, Chipps SR, German DR. 2012. Nutrient and algal responses to winterkilled fish-derived nutrient subsidies in eutrophic lakes. Lake Reserv Manage. 28:189-199.
Fishes inhabiting shallow, glacial lakes of the Prairie Pothole Region in the United States and Canada periodically experience hypoxia in severe winters that can lead to extensive fish mortality resulting in high biomasses of dead fish. However, the role of carcass-derived nutrient subsidies in shallow, eutrophic lakes translocated to pelagic primary producers is not well documented. This study quantified the influence of winterkill events on nutrient contributions from decaying fish carcasses of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and the phytoplankton response among pre- and postwinterkill years and compared seasonal patterns of nutrient limitation and phytoplankton community composition between winterkill and nonwinterkill lakes. We found that fish carcasses contributed an estimated 2.5-4.3 kg/ha of total (Kjeldahl) nitrogen (N) and 0.3-0.5 kg/ha of total phosphorus (P) to lakes that experienced winterkill conditions. Nutrient bioassays showed that winterkill lakes were primarily N limited, congruent with the low N: P ratios produced by fish carcasses corrected for the disproportionate release of N and P (8.6). Nutrient subsidies translocated from decomposed fish to pelagic primary producers seemed to have little immediate influence on the seasonal phytoplankton community composition, but total N and subsequent chlorophyll-a increased the year following the winterkill event. Cyanobacteria density varied seasonally but was higher in winterkill lakes, presumably due to the integration of nutrients released from fish decomposition. This study provides evidence that large inputs of autochthonous fish-derived nutrients contribute to nutrient availability within winterkilled systems and increase the maximum attainable biomass of the phytoplankton community.
C1 [Chipps, Steven R.] S Dakota State Univ, US Geol Survey, S Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[German, David R.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Schoenebeck, CW (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Kearney, Dept Biol, 2401 11th Ave, Kearney, NE 68847 USA.
EM schoenebeccw@unk.edu
FU US Geological Survey, South Dakota State University, South Dakota
Department of Game, Fish, and Parks; Wildlife Management Institute; US
Fish and Wildlife Service; Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act
Study 1513 [F-15-R-42]; USGS South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit; Department of Natural Resource Management and
Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University
FX The South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
supported by the US Geological Survey, South Dakota State University,
South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks, the Wildlife
Management Institute, and the US Fish and Wildlife Service.; D. James,
M. Fincel, and M. Weber provided comments that improved a previous
version of this manuscript. We thank G. Douglas, C. Funk, and N. Siepker
for laboratory assistance and M. Hennen and D. Lucchesi for field
assistance. Partial funding for this project was provided by through the
Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act Study 1513 (Project F-15-R-42)
administered through South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks.
This study was supported, in part, by USGS South Dakota Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit and the Department of Natural Resource
Management and Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State
University. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 48
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 28
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0743-8141
J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE
JI Lake Reserv. Manag.
PY 2012
VL 28
IS 3
BP 189
EP 199
DI 10.1080/07438141.2012.693574
PG 11
WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
GA 008UK
UT WOS:000308981900002
ER
PT J
AU Flannery, BG
Crane, PA
Eiler, JH
Beacham, TD
Decovich, NA
Templin, WD
Schlei, OL
Wenburg, JK
AF Flannery, Blair G.
Crane, Penny A.
Eiler, John H.
Beacham, Terry D.
Decovich, Nick A.
Templin, William D.
Schlei, Ora L.
Wenburg, John K.
TI Comparison of Radiotelemetry and Microsatellites for Determining the
Origin of Yukon River Chinook Salmon
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID FISH WHEEL CAPTURE; CHUM SALMON; STOCK IDENTIFICATION;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA; ALASKA; PROPORTIONS;
FISHERIES; DISTANCE; US
AB Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha support important subsistence and commercial fisheries throughout the Yukon River. Low returns and diverse user groups have made management of these fisheries contentious and have necessitated information on the origin of the spawning migration and harvest. Here we compare estimates of individual assignment and stock composition derived from genetic and radiotelemetry data collected from the same Chinook salmon. Radiotelemetry and genetic individual assignments were highly concordant. Agreement between methods for individual assignment was 79% to region and 93% to country when using the most probable genetic criterion, improving to 94% for region and 98% for country when using the >= 95% probability genetic criterion; however, under the more stringent criterion, fewer individuals could be assigned. Further analysis showed that estimates of stock composition based on radiotelemetry and genetic methods were within 6% of each other and were not significantly different. The concordance between estimates of individual assignment and stock composition from the radiotelemetry and genetic methods indicates that both methods are credible tools for fishery assessment of Yukon River Chinook salmon.
C1 [Flannery, Blair G.; Crane, Penny A.; Schlei, Ora L.; Wenburg, John K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Eiler, John H.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Beacham, Terry D.] Dept Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, Mol Genet Lab, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada.
[Decovich, Nick A.; Templin, William D.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Gene Conservat Lab, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
RP Flannery, BG (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM blair_flannery@fws.gov
NR 40
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 4
BP 720
EP 730
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.686954
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 006CO
UT WOS:000308797200004
ER
PT J
AU Syracuse, EM
Holt, RA
Savage, MK
Johnson, JH
Thurber, CH
Unglert, K
Allan, KN
Karaliyadda, S
Henderson, M
AF Syracuse, E. M.
Holt, R. A.
Savage, M. K.
Johnson, J. H.
Thurber, C. H.
Unglert, K.
Allan, K. N.
Karaliyadda, S.
Henderson, M.
TI Temporal and spatial evolution of hypocentres and anisotropy from the
Darfield aftershock sequence: implications for fault geometry and age
SO NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE aftershocks; earthquake locations; anisotropy; faults; multiplets;
stress
ID W 6.2 CHRISTCHURCH; DOUBLE-DIFFERENCE TOMOGRAPHY; NEW-ZEALAND; FOCAL
MECHANISMS; EARTHQUAKE; STRESS; CALIFORNIA; VELOCITY; CANTERBURY;
RELOCATION
AB The first four months of aftershocks of the Darfield earthquake have been studied using data from temporary and permanent seismic stations to investigate the fault geometry, stress field and evolution of seismicity and seismic properties. Earthquake relocations illuminate fault segments and show that the majority of aftershocks occurred beyond the areas of highest slip during the Darfield earthquake. Seismic anisotropy shows a mixture of fast directions parallel to the maximum horizontal stress and fault-parallel fast directions. This, combined with the lack of observable growth of seismicity along fault segments, suggests that the Greendale Fault broke a pre-existing fault plane.
C1 [Syracuse, E. M.; Thurber, C. H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Holt, R. A.; Savage, M. K.; Johnson, J. H.; Unglert, K.; Allan, K. N.; Karaliyadda, S.; Henderson, M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Inst Geophys, Wellington, New Zealand.
[Unglert, K.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Henderson, M.] GNS Sci, Wellington, New Zealand.
[Johnson, J. H.] Univ Hawaii Hilo, Hawaii Volcano Observ, US Geol Survey, Hilo, HI USA.
RP Syracuse, EM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM syracuse@geology.wisc.edu
RI Savage, Martha/F-1857-2011; Johnson, Jessica/N-1113-2015;
OI Savage, Martha/0000-0002-2080-0676; Johnson,
Jessica/0000-0003-3628-6402; Syracuse, Ellen/0000-0002-8145-8480;
Unglert, Katharina/0000-0002-1681-0409
FU New Zealand Earthquake Commission; National Science Foundation; GNS
Science
FX This work was funded by grants from the New Zealand Earthquake
Commission, the National Science Foundation and GNS Science. GNS Science
Wairakei, University of Auckland and PASSCAL provided instrumentation.
Field assistants included A Zaino, J Eccles, K Jacobs, C Boese, R Davy,
A Wech, N Lord and A Carrizales. Z Rawlinson, J Townend, P Malin and B
Fry helped plan station locations. Arrivals were determined by GeoNet
processors for permanent stations and by the authors, P Skorstengaard, R
Hart and G Potaka for temporary stations. We also thank the editor and
reviewers for their helpful comments.
NR 21
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0028-8306
EI 1175-8791
J9 NEW ZEAL J GEOL GEOP
JI N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys.
PY 2012
VL 55
IS 3
SI SI
BP 287
EP 293
DI 10.1080/00288306.2012.690766
PG 7
WC Geology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 998OS
UT WOS:000308250600015
ER
PT J
AU McGuire, AD
Christensen, TR
Hayes, D
Heroult, A
Euskirchen, E
Kimball, JS
Koven, C
Lafleur, P
Miller, PA
Oechel, W
Peylin, P
Williams, M
Yi, Y
AF McGuire, A. D.
Christensen, T. R.
Hayes, D.
Heroult, A.
Euskirchen, E.
Kimball, J. S.
Koven, C.
Lafleur, P.
Miller, P. A.
Oechel, W.
Peylin, P.
Williams, M.
Yi, Y.
TI An assessment of the carbon balance of Arctic tundra: comparisons among
observations, process models, and atmospheric inversions
SO BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; SOIL THERMAL DYNAMICS; GLOBAL VEGETATION MODEL;
RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; PERMAFROST CARBON; PLANT
GEOGRAPHY; CYCLE; FEEDBACKS; DIOXIDE
AB Although Arctic tundra has been estimated to cover only 8% of the global land surface, the large and potentially labile carbon pools currently stored in tundra soils have the potential for large emissions of carbon (C) under a warming climate. These emissions as radiatively active greenhouse gases in the form of both CO2 and CH4 could amplify global warming. Given the potential sensitivity of these ecosystems to climate change and the expectation that the Arctic will experience appreciable warming over the next century, it is important to assess whether responses of C exchange in tundra regions are likely to enhance or mitigate warming. In this study we compared analyses of C exchange of Arctic tundra between 1990 and 2006 among observations, regional and global applications of process-based terrestrial biosphere models, and atmospheric inversion models. Syntheses of flux observations and inversion models indicate that the annual exchange of CO2 between Arctic tundra and the atmosphere has large uncertainties that cannot be distinguished from neutral balance. The mean estimate from an ensemble of process-based model simulations suggests that Arctic tundra has acted as a sink for atmospheric CO2 in recent decades, but based on the uncertainty estimates it cannot be determined with confidence whether these ecosystems represent a weak or a strong sink. Tundra was 0.6 A degrees C warmer in the 2000s compared to the 1990s. The central estimates of the observations, process-based models, and inversion models each identify stronger sinks in the 2000s compared with the 1990s. Some of the process models indicate that this occurred because net primary production increased more in response to warming than heterotrophic respiration. Similarly, the observations and the applications of regional process-based models suggest that CH4 emissions from Arctic tundra have increased from the 1990s to 2000s because of the sensitivity of CH4 emissions to warmer temperatures. Based on our analyses of the estimates from observations, process-based models, and inversion models, we estimate that Arctic tundra was a sink for atmospheric CO2 of 110 Tg C yr(-1) (uncertainty between a sink of 291 Tg C yr(-1) and a source of 80 Tg C yr(-1)) and a source of CH4 to the atmosphere of 19 Tg C yr(-1) (uncertainty between sources of 8 and 29 Tg C yr(-1)). The suite of analyses conducted in this study indicate that it is important to reduce uncertainties in the observations, process-based models, and inversions in order to better understand the degree to which Arctic tundra is influencing atmospheric CO2 and CH4 concentrations. The reduction of uncertainties can be accomplished through (1) the strategic placement of more CO2 and CH4 monitoring stations to reduce uncertainties in inversions, (2) improved observation networks of ground-based measurements of CO2 and CH4 exchange to understand exchange in response to disturbance and across gradients of climatic and hydrological variability, and (3) the effective transfer of information from enhanced observation networks into process-based models to improve the simulation of CO2 and CH4 exchange from Arctic tundra to the atmosphere.
C1 [McGuire, A. D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Christensen, T. R.; Heroult, A.; Miller, P. A.] Lund Univ, Dept Earth & Ecosyst Sci, Lund, Sweden.
[Christensen, T. R.] Greenland Climate Res Ctr, Nuuk, Greenland.
[Hayes, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Euskirchen, E.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Kimball, J. S.; Yi, Y.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Koven, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lafleur, P.] Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada.
[Oechel, W.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Peylin, P.] Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, Lab Sci Climat Environm, Paris, France.
[Williams, M.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
RP McGuire, AD (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM admcguire@alaska.edu
RI Hayes, Daniel/B-8968-2012; Miller, Paul/B-4675-2013; Oechel,
Walter/F-9361-2010; Vuichard, Nicolas/A-6629-2011; Williams,
Mathew/G-6140-2016; Koven, Charles/N-8888-2014; Yi, Yonghong/C-2395-2017
OI Oechel, Walter/0000-0002-3504-026X; Williams,
Mathew/0000-0001-6117-5208; Koven, Charles/0000-0002-3367-0065;
FU National Science Foundation; US Geological Survey; US Fish and Wildlife
Service; US Department of Energy Office of Science (Biological and
Environmental Research); US National Aeronautics and Space
Administration Terrestrial Ecology program; European Union RTN
GREENCYCLES II network; Swedish Research Council VR; FORMAS; Greenland
Climate Research Center; Mistra Swedish Research Programme for Climate,
Impacts and Adaptation; Lund University research programme Modelling the
Regional and Global Earth System; European Union 6th Framework
CARBO-North project; Lund University Centre for Studies of Carbon Cycle
and Climate Interactions
FX Support for this study was provided by the National Science Foundation,
the US Geological Survey, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the US
Department of Energy Office of Science (Biological and Environmental
Research), the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Terrestrial Ecology program, the European Union RTN GREENCYCLES II
network, the Swedish Research Council VR and FORMAS, the Greenland
Climate Research Center, the Mistra Swedish Research Programme for
Climate, Impacts and Adaptation, the Lund University research programme
Modelling the Regional and Global Earth System, the European Union 6th
Framework CARBO-North project, and the Lund University Centre for
Studies of Carbon Cycle and Climate Interactions. The data for the
global process-model simulations was provided by the Trendy multi-model
evaluation project (http://dgvm.ceh.ac.uk), as part of the Global Carbon
Project.
NR 79
TC 78
Z9 78
U1 8
U2 154
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1726-4170
J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES
JI Biogeosciences
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 8
BP 3185
EP 3204
DI 10.5194/bg-9-3185-2012
PG 20
WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 999DT
UT WOS:000308290200024
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, SN
Tiefenbacher, JP
AF Wilson, Sylvia N.
Tiefenbacher, John P.
TI The barriers impeding precautionary behaviours by undocumented
immigrants in emergencies: The Hurricane Ike experience in Houston,
Texas, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE emergency response; evacuation; hurricanes; risk communication;
undocumented immigrants
ID INFORMATION-TECHNOLOGY; RISK PERCEPTION; UNITED-STATES; DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS; LATINO IMMIGRANTS; RACE; COMMUNICATION; VULNERABILITY;
CRISIS; DISSEMINATION
AB Emergency management tends to be planned for legal, resident populations that are responsive to mainstream channels of communication and enforcement. For many areas prone to extreme events and emergencies, populations are also composed of transitory tourists, temporary visitors and migrant workers. This latter group may be a large population and, while not completely invisible to residents, may prefer obscurity and concealment within the social landscape. Tending towards poverty, technologically disconnected and linguistically isolated, undocumented migrants seek employment and attempt to avoid local law enforcement and immigration officials for fear of imprisonment and deportation. In this context, the behaviours prompted by developing public emergencies will be different for undocumented migrants than for the population at large. We examine the experience of 135 Hispanic undocumented migrants in the coastal zone of Houston-Galveston, Texas to understand the factors and issues that influence decision making and behaviours under region-wide mandatory evacuation conditions. Undocumented migrants' decisions to evacuate rest upon: the presence (or absence) of family and/or children, their access to risk information that they find meaningful and rational and is in harmony with their pre-conceptions about their circumstances, their openness to information that either confirms their experiences or confronts rumour-generated biases they carry, their familiarity with social groups and governmental agencies and the services they offer, and the outcome of their risk analyses that consider the dangers of remaining in situ against the danger of exposing themselves to discovery as 'illegal aliens'. The results suggest that emergency management plans ought to promote the dispelling of rumours that weaken the effect of emergency communication, promote non-emergency outreach to peripheral populations through community groups, and promote better, basic, non-technical, Spanish-language media through mainstream conduits (i.e. the most commonly watched non-Spanish television channels) that do not require high-tech devices or advanced understanding of visual media tools.
C1 [Tiefenbacher, John P.] Texas State Univ, Dept Geog, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
[Wilson, Sylvia N.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Tiefenbacher, JP (reprint author), Texas State Univ, Dept Geog, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
EM tief@txstate.edu
NR 75
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 7
U2 35
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1747-7891
J9 ENVIRON HAZARDS-UK
JI Environ. Hazards
PY 2012
VL 11
IS 3
BP 194
EP 212
DI 10.1080/17477891.2011.649711
PG 19
WC Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 999GT
UT WOS:000308298500002
ER
PT J
AU Foltz, JR
Jensen, NR
Polinski, MP
Ireland, SC
Cain, KD
AF Foltz, John R.
Jensen, Nathan R.
Polinski, Mark P.
Ireland, Susan C.
Cain, Kenneth D.
TI Characterization of Oocyte Development in Hatchery-Reared Burbot
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID KOOTENAI RIVER; PRESERVATION; GROWTH; STAGE; EGGS; FISH
AB Burbot Lota lota are an emerging aquaculture species. To aid in predicting the natural and hormonal-manipulated timing of ovulation and for ensuring maximum viability of eggs at spawning, this study describes oocyte maturation of hatchery-reared burbot from vitellogenesis through ovulation. At a temperature of 4 degrees C, visual polarization of the oil globule occurred 7-13 d preovulation. The lack of uniformity in individual oocyte development was observed and persisted until approximately 2 d before ovulation, at which point complete polarization was observed in all oocytes and a condensed blastomere was observed along the inner chorion. These preliminary observations imply that implantation of gonatotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) decreased the final maturation stage of oocyte development by 2-4 d and may aid in initiating the maturation process, the induction of which appeared to be a threshold for either a female's progression to ovulation or nonovulation and atresia. Although additional investigation may be needed to fully maximize egg fertilization success and optimize timing related to intensive spawning practices, this study lays a foundation for further investigations and provides a reference for assessing oocyte development and predicting ovulation for this species.
C1 [Foltz, John R.; Jensen, Nathan R.; Polinski, Mark P.; Cain, Kenneth D.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Jensen, Nathan R.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Polinski, Mark P.] Univ Tasmania, Australian Maritime Coll, Natl Ctr Marine Conservat & Resource Sustainabil, Launceston, Tas 7250, Australia.
[Ireland, Susan C.] Kootenai Tribe Idaho, Bonners Ferry, ID 83805 USA.
RP Cain, KD (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Coll Nat Resources, Box 1102, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM kcain@uidaho.edu
FU Kootenai Tribe of Idaho; Bonneville Power Administration [30729, 37267,
198806400]
FX Funding for this project was provided by the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho and
the Bonneville Power Administration (Contracts 30729, 37267; Project
198806400). We thank Matt Neufeld of the British Columbia Ministry of
Environment for supplying broodstock and all the members of the Kootenai
Valley Resource Initiative for their cooperation. Special thanks are
extended to Paul Anders for his input and review.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 3
BP 408
EP 412
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.676001
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 994VI
UT WOS:000307961600003
ER
PT J
AU Gunn, C
Carty, D
Walker, PG
Colburn, PA
Bowker, JD
AF Gunn, Carolyn
Carty, Daniel
Walker, Peter G.
Colburn, Patricia A.
Bowker, James D.
TI Pilot Field Trial to Evaluate SLICE (0.2% Emamectin Benzoate)-Medicated
Feed to Reduce a Natural Infestation of Salmincola californiensis in
Freshwater-Reared Rainbow Trout
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS WALBAUM; ATLANTIC SALMON; SEA
LICE; ORAL TREATMENT; BENZOATE; EFFICACY; COPEPODA; KROYER;
LERNAEOPODIDAE
AB Salmincola spp. infestations can adversely affect freshwater-reared salmonids. Control methods tested to date have had limited success; consequently, we conducted a pilot field trial to evaluate SLICE (0.2% emamectin benzoate [EB])-medicated feed to reduce a natural infestation of S. californiensis in freshwater-reared rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Before the trial started, 96 of 1,500 rainbow trout broodstock held in a flow-through raceway were impartially captured, sedated, uniquely tagged, and returned to the raceway. Pretreatment S. californiensis infestation prevalence and intensity were 97% and 10.4 +/- 7.6 (mean +/- SD) adult female parasites per fish, respectively. Treatment was administered at 50 mu g EB.kg fish(-1).d(-1) for 7 d. By the end of the trial (43 d posttreatment), infestation prevalence and intensity had decreased to 32% and 1.6 +/- 1.1 adult female parasites per fish, respectively. These results suggest that SLICE-medicated feed can be used to reduce natural infestations of S. californiensis in freshwater-reared rainbow trout.
C1 [Gunn, Carolyn; Walker, Peter G.; Colburn, Patricia A.] Colorado Div Wildlife, Aquat Anim Hlth Lab, Brush, CO 80723 USA.
[Carty, Daniel; Bowker, James D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Gunn, C (reprint author), Colorado Div Wildlife, Aquat Anim Hlth Lab, 122 E Edison, Brush, CO 80723 USA.
EM carolyn.gunn@state.co.us
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 3
BP 424
EP 427
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.676015
PG 4
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 994VI
UT WOS:000307961600006
ER
PT J
AU Bowker, JD
Carty, DG
Wandelear, N
Schaffer, J
Swee, W
LaPatra, SE
AF Bowker, James D.
Carty, Daniel G.
Wandelear, Niccole
Schaffer, Jim
Swee, Wesley
LaPatra, Scott E.
TI Efficacy of SLICE Premix (0.2% Emamectin Benzoate) for Reducing
Infestations of Salmincola spp. on Freshwater-Reared Rainbow Trout
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS KROYER; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS WALBAUM; ATLANTIC
SALMON; SEA LICE; SALAR L.; CALIFORNIENSIS COPEPODA; ORAL TREATMENT;
IN-FEED; LERNAEOPODIDAE; GAIRDNERI
AB Salmincola spp. are ectoparasites of major concern in wild and cultured salmonids. These parasites can cause respiratory distress and facilitate the entry of secondary pathogens. Of particular concern in the United States is S. californiensis, which can infest all Oncorhynchus spp. and is restricted largely to freshwater. Bath treatments with formalin and hydrogen peroxide have traditionally been used to control infestations of some parasitic copepods in cultured salmonids; however, these treatments can be difficult to apply, expensive, and stressful to fish and have not been shown to be effective against S. californiensis. A more effective and efficient treatment method needs to be developed. SLICE (0.2% emamectin benzoate [EB]) is a commercial in-feed treatment that has been shown to be effective for the control of sea lice infestations in seawater-reared farmed salmon and trout. We postulated that EB might also be efficacious for the control of parasitic copepods such as S. californiensis on freshwater-reared salmonids. Four trials were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of SLICE-medicated feed administered at a target dosage of 50 mu g EB.kg fish(-1).d(-1) for seven consecutive days to control infestations of S. californiensis on freshwater-reared rainbow trout. At the end of each trial (after either a 30- or 42-d posttreatment period), copepod prevalence in treated tanks was substantially reduced compared with the pretrial prevalence recorded in the reference populations. Additionally, a significant difference was detected in mean abundance between treated and control groups, with a 79-96% reduction in mean abundance among fish offered the EB-medicated feed. Based on the results of these trials, it was concluded that SLICE was efficacious in reducing infestations of S. californiensis on freshwater-reared rainbow trout.
C1 [Bowker, James D.; Carty, Daniel G.; Wandelear, Niccole] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Schaffer, Jim] SeaPac Idaho, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA.
[Schaffer, Jim] Mag Springs Trout Hatchery, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA.
[Swee, Wesley] Maramec Spring Fish Hatchery, Missouri Dept Conservat, St James, MO 65559 USA.
[LaPatra, Scott E.] Clear Springs Food Inc, Buhl, ID 83316 USA.
RP Bowker, JD (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, 4050 Bridger Canyon Rd, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM jim_bowker@fws.gov
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 12
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 3
BP 428
EP 437
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.676019
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 994VI
UT WOS:000307961600007
ER
PT J
AU Shen, DY
Liu, YL
Huang, SL
AF Shen, Dayong
Liu, Yuling
Huang, Shengli
TI ANNUAL ACCUMULATION OVER THE GREENLAND ICE SHEET INTERPOLATED FROM
HISTORICAL AND NEWLY COMPILED OBSERVATION DATA
SO GEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES A-PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE GIS; Greenland ice sheet; kriging; spatial pattern
ID SNOW ACCUMULATION; MASS-BALANCE; SPATIAL INTERPOLATION; PRECIPITATION;
RUNOFF; RADAR; RATES; MODEL
AB The estimation of ice/snow accumulation is of great significance in quantifying the mass balance of ice sheets and variation in water resources. Improving the accuracy and reducing uncertainty has been a challenge for the estimation of annual accumulation over the Greenland ice sheet. In this study, we kriged and analyzed the spatial pattern of accumulation based on an observation data series including 315 points used in a recent research, plus 101 ice cores and snow pits and newly compiled 23 coastal weather station data. The estimated annual accumulation over the Greenland ice sheet is 31.2 g cm-2 yr-1, with a standard error of 0.9 g cm-2 yr-1. The main differences between the improved map developed in this study and the recently published accumulation maps are in the coastal areas, especially southeast and southwest regions. The analysis of accumulations versus elevation reveals the distribution patterns of accumulation over the Greenland ice sheet.
C1 [Shen, Dayong] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Liu, Yuling] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Huang, Shengli] USGS Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Shen, DY (reprint author), George Mason Univ, 10519 Braddock Rd 2900, Fairfax, VA 22032 USA.
EM dshen2@gmu.edu
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0435-3676
EI 1468-0459
J9 GEOGR ANN A
JI Geogr. Ann. Ser. A-Phys. Geogr.
PY 2012
VL 94A
IS 3
BP 377
EP 393
DI 10.1111/j.1468-0459.2012.00458.x
PG 17
WC Geography, Physical; Geology
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 993YZ
UT WOS:000307898000007
ER
PT J
AU Glenney, GW
Barbash, PA
Coll, JA
Quartz, WM
AF Glenney, Gavin W.
Barbash, Patricia A.
Coll, John A.
Quartz, William M.
TI Isolation and Molecular Characterization of a Novel Infectious
Pancreatic Necrosis Virus Strain in Returning Atlantic Salmon Salmo
salar from the Connecticut River, USA
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID GENOME SEGMENT-A; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; AQUATIC BIRNAVIRUSES;
GENETIC-ANALYSIS; RNA SEGMENT; VIRULENCE; AQUABIRNAVIRUSES; SEQUENCE;
IDENTIFICATION; SCOTLAND
AB After 22 years of negative viral screening results, the viral pathogen infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) was isolated from the ovarian fluid of two pooled samples of returning Connecticut River Atlantic salmon Salmo salar during the 2007 spawning season at Richard Cronin National Salmon Station (RCNSS), Hadley, Massachusetts. Cytopathic effect was observed in Chinook salmon embryo (CHSE-214) cells, and IPNV was confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Sequence analysis conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey's Western Fisheries Research Center determined that the isolate closely resembled the Canada_3 strain, falling into Genogroup 4 rather than Genogroup 1, which is more common in the United States. This allowed us to speculate that the Atlantic salmon were not infected during their freshwater life stage in the Connecticut River watershed but somewhere on their migratory route or feeding grounds in the Northwest Atlantic. On November 20, 2007, the Connecticut River Atlantic Salmon Commission voted to depopulate the infected stock at RCNSS and the entire suspect egg lots held at White River National Fish Hatchery, Vermont. Approximately one and a half months later, the 121 Connecticut River Atlantic salmon were euthanized and sampled for a follow-up investigation to determine the prevalence of infection. Only one kidney-spleen homogenate (male) was confirmed IPNV positive via cell culture and RT-PCR. A total of 2,983 base pairs from segment A of the RNA genome were sequenced from this fish and determined to be from a new strain (Connecticut-1) of IPNV that closely resembles Canada_2 and Canada_3 in Genogroup 4. The new strain is genetically identical to one of the first ovarian fluid isolates over a shared 130-nucleotide region, possibly indicating original transmission from a single source. The absence of IPNV from the Connecticut River's subsequent four returning Atlantic salmon year-classes may indicate that the aggressive corrective action was prudent.
C1 [Glenney, Gavin W.; Barbash, Patricia A.; Coll, John A.; Quartz, William M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lamar Fish Hlth Ctr, Lamar, PA 16848 USA.
RP Glenney, GW (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lamar Fish Hlth Ctr, 400 Washington Ave, Lamar, PA 16848 USA.
EM gavin_glenney@fws.gov
NR 43
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0899-7659
J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH
JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health
PY 2012
VL 24
IS 2
BP 63
EP 72
DI 10.1080/08997659.2012.668509
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 996YL
UT WOS:000308130700001
PM 22838076
ER
PT J
AU Rover, J
Ji, L
Wylie, BK
Tieszen, LL
AF Rover, Jennifer
Ji, Lei
Wylie, Bruce K.
Tieszen, Larry L.
TI Establishing water body areal extent trends in interior Alaska from
multi-temporal Landsat data
SO REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON; LAKES; PERMAFROST
AB An accurate approach is needed for monitoring, quantifying and understanding surface water variability due to climate change. Separating inter- and intra-annual variances from longer-term shifts in surface water extents due to contemporary climate warming requires repeat measurements spanning a several-decade period. Here, we show that trends developed from multi-date measurements of the extents of more than 15,000 water bodies in central Alaska using Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS), Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data (1979-2009) were highly influenced by the quantity and timing of the data. Over the 30-year period from 1979 to 2009, the study area had a net decrease (p < 0.05) in the extents of 3.4% of water bodies whereas 86% of water bodies exhibited no significant change. The Landsat-derived dataset provides an opportunity for additional research assessing the drivers of lake and wetland change in this region.
C1 [Rover, Jennifer; Ji, Lei] US Geol Survey, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Rover, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM jrover@usgs.gov
RI Wylie, Bruce/H-3182-2014;
OI Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083; Rover, Jennifer/0000-0002-3437-4030
FU The U.S. Geological Survey's Climate Effects Network; Global Change
Research & Development Program
FX The U.S. Geological Survey's Climate Effects Network and Global Change
Research & Development Program funded this research. Any use of trade
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government. The authors thank Devendra Dahal and Danny Howard
for image processing support and Kevin Gallo and Robert Klaver for their
thoughtful reviews.
NR 21
TC 30
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 18
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 2150-704X
J9 REMOTE SENS LETT
JI Remote Sens. Lett.
PY 2012
VL 3
IS 7
BP 595
EP 604
DI 10.1080/01431161.2011.643507
PG 10
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 000PC
UT WOS:000308397900006
ER
PT J
AU Barrett, K
Rocha, A
van de Weg, MJ
Shaver, G
AF Barrett, Kirsten
Rocha, Adrianv.
van de Weg, Martine Janet
Shaver, Gaius
TI Vegetation shifts observed in arctic tundra 17 years after fire
SO REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN ALASKA; CLIMATIC-CHANGE; BURN SEVERITY; RECOVERY; DISTURBANCE;
PATTERNS; USA
AB With anticipated climate change, tundra fires are expected to occur more frequently in the future, but data on the long-term effects of fire on tundra vegetation composition are scarce. This study addresses changes in vegetation structure that have persisted for 17 years after a tundra fire on the North Slope of Alaska. Fire-related shifts in vegetation composition were assessed from remote-sensing imagery and ground observations of the burn scar and an adjacent control site. Early-season remotely sensed imagery from the burn scar exhibits a low vegetation index compared with the control site, whereas the late-season signal is slightly higher. The range and maximum vegetation index are greater in the burn scar, although the mean annual values do not differ among the sites. Ground observations revealed a greater abundance of moss in the unburned site, which may account for the high early growing season normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) anomaly relative to the burn. The abundance of graminoid species and an absence of Betula nana in the post-fire tundra sites may also be responsible for the spectral differences observed in the remotely sensed imagery. The partial replacement of tundra by graminoid-dominated ecosystems has been predicted by the ALFRESCO model of disturbance, climate and vegetation succession.
C1 [Barrett, Kirsten] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Rocha, Adrianv.; van de Weg, Martine Janet; Shaver, Gaius] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Barrett, K (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM kbarrett@usgs.gov
RI Rocha, Adrian/B-6504-2013
FU National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs [NSF-OPP-0856853];
US Geological Survey Alaska Science Center; Bureau of Land Management
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Office of
Polar Programs (NSF-OPP-0856853, 'Fire in the Arctic Landscape: Impacts,
Interactions and Links to Global and Regional Environmental Change'),
the US Geological Survey Alaska Science Center and the Bureau of Land
Management.
NR 24
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 43
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 2150-704X
J9 REMOTE SENS LETT
JI Remote Sens. Lett.
PY 2012
VL 3
IS 8
BP 729
EP 736
DI 10.1080/2150704X.2012.676741
PG 8
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 000PF
UT WOS:000308398400010
ER
PT J
AU Rodriguez-Pascua, MA
Perez-Lopez, R
Garduno-Monroy, VH
Giner-Robles, JL
Silva, PG
Perucha-Atienza, MA
Hernandez-Madrigal, VM
Bischoff, J
AF Rodriguez-Pascua, M. A.
Perez-Lopez, R.
Garduno-Monroy, V. H.
Giner-Robles, J. L.
Silva, P. G.
Perucha-Atienza, M. A.
Hernandez-Madrigal, V. M.
Bischoff, J.
TI Paleoseismic and geomorphologic evidence of recent tectonic activity of
the Pozohondo Fault (Betic Cordillera, SE Spain)
SO JOURNAL OF IBERIAN GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Paleoseismology; Geomorphology; Quaternary; Prebetic; SE Spain
ID LATE MIOCENE; SEISMITES
AB Instrumental and historical seismicity in the Albacete province (External Prebetic Zone) has been scarcely recorded. However, major strike-slip faults showing NW-SE trending provide geomorphologic and paleoseismic evidence of recent tectonic activity (Late Pleistocene to Present). Moreover, these faults are consistently well oriented under the present stress tensor and therefore, they can trigger earthquakes of magnitude greater than M6, according to the lengths of surface ruptures and active segments recognized in fieldwork. Present landscape nearby the village of Hellin (SE of Albacete) is determined by the recent activity of the Pozohondo Fault (FPH), a NW-SE right-lateral fault with 90 km in length. In this study, we have calculated the Late Quaternary tectonic slip-rate of the FPH from geomorphological, sedimentological, archaeoseimological, and paleoseismological approaches. All of these data suggest that the FPH runs with a minimum slip-rate of 0.1 mm/yr during the last 100 kyrs (Upper Pleistocene-Holocene). In addition, we have recognized the last two major paleoearthquakes associated to this fault. Magnitudes of these paleoearthquakes were gretarer than M6 and their recurrence intervals ranged from 6600 to 8600 yrs for the seismic cycle of FPH. The last earthquake was dated between the 1st and 6th centuries, though two earthquakes could be interpreted in this wide time interval, one at the FPH and other from a far field source. Results obtained here, suggest an increasing of the tectonic activity of the Pozohondo Fault during the last 10,000 yrs.
C1 [Rodriguez-Pascua, M. A.; Perez-Lopez, R.; Perucha-Atienza, M. A.] IGME, Madrid 28003, Spain.
[Garduno-Monroy, V. H.; Hernandez-Madrigal, V. M.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico.
[Giner-Robles, J. L.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Silva, P. G.] Univ Salamanca, Dpto Geol, Escuela Politecn Super Avila, Avila 05003, Spain.
[Bischoff, J.] USGS, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Rodriguez-Pascua, MA (reprint author), IGME, Rios Rosas 23, Madrid 28003, Spain.
EM ma.rodriguez@igme.es; r.perez@igme.es; vgmonroy@umich.mx;
jorge.giner@uam.es; pgsilva@usal.es; jbischoff@usgs.gov
RI Giner-Robles, Jorge /H-5063-2011; Perez-Lopez, Raul/P-3485-2014; Silva,
Pablo G/G-8950-2015; PERUCHA, MARIA ANGELES/H-9030-2015;
Rodriguez-Pascua, Miguel/H-9323-2015
OI Giner-Robles, Jorge /0000-0002-1507-4796; Silva, Pablo
G/0000-0003-1470-292X; PERUCHA, MARIA ANGELES/0000-0003-1960-9265;
Rodriguez-Pascua, Miguel/0000-0001-5174-119X
FU Spanish Project: ACTISIS of the ancient Ministry of Science and
Innovation of Spain [CGL2006-05001/BTE]
FX We are grateful to Pr. Jose Pedro Calvo and Dr. Christoph Grutzner for
his helpful comments and fruitful discussion. This work was supported by
the Spanish Project: ACTISIS (CGL2006-05001/BTE) of the ancient Ministry
of Science and Innovation of Spain. Radiocarbon ages were obtained at
the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility
(NOSAMS) of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (USA). Also thanks are
given to the "Consejeria de Agricultura y Medio Ambiente" of Albacete
for the drilling permission. Special mention to Emilio Usaola for his
invaluable work during the trench fields and core sampling performed at
the Alboraj Lake.
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID
PI MADRID
PA SERVICIO PUBLICACIONES, CIUDAD UNIV, OBISPO TREJO 3, MADRID, 28040,
SPAIN
SN 1698-6180
J9 J IBER GEOL
JI J. Iber. Geol.
PY 2012
VL 38
IS 1
SI SI
BP 239
EP 251
DI 10.5209/rev_JIGE.2012.v38.n1.39216
PG 13
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 981EW
UT WOS:000306950700015
ER
PT J
AU Hargrove, JS
Parkyn, DC
Murie, DJ
Demopoulos, AWJ
Austin, JD
AF Hargrove, John S.
Parkyn, Daryl C.
Murie, Debra J.
Demopoulos, Amanda W. J.
Austin, James D.
TI Augmentation of French grunt diet description using combined visual and
DNA-based analyses
SO MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE molecular; morphological; PCR; stomach contents; US Virgin Islands
ID CORAL-REEF; STOMACH CONTENTS; GUT CONTENTS; DIFFERENTIAL DIGESTION;
GENERALIST PREDATOR; MOLECULAR MARKERS; FISHES; IDENTIFICATION; PREY;
HAEMULIDAE
AB Trophic linkages within a coral-reef ecosystem may be difficult to discern in fish species that reside on, but do not forage on, coral reefs. Furthermore, dietary analysis of fish can be difficult in situations where prey is thoroughly macerated, resulting in many visually unrecognisable food items. The present study examined whether the inclusion of a DNA-based method could improve the identification of prey consumed by French grunt, Haemulon flavolineatum, a reef fish that possesses pharyngeal teeth and forages on soft-bodied prey items. Visual analysis indicated that crustaceans were most abundant numerically (38.9%), followed by sipunculans (31.0%) and polychaete worms (5.2%), with a substantial number of unidentified prey (12.7%). For the subset of prey with both visual and molecular data, there was a marked reduction in the number of unidentified sipunculans (visual - 31.1%, combined - 4.4%), unidentified crustaceans (visual - 15.6%, combined - 6.7%), and unidentified taxa (visual - 11.1%, combined - 0.0%). Utilising results from both methodologies resulted in an increased number of prey placed at the family level (visual - 6, combined - 33) and species level (visual - 0, combined - 4). Although more costly than visual analysis alone, our study demonstrated the feasibility of DNA-based identification of visually unidentifiable prey in the stomach contents of fish.
C1 [Hargrove, John S.; Parkyn, Daryl C.; Murie, Debra J.; Austin, James D.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Program Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Demopoulos, Amanda W. J.] US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Austin, James D.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Hargrove, JS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Program Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Inst Food & Agr Sci, POB 110600, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM tractor@ufl.edu
OI Hargrove, John/0000-0002-8643-7822; Austin, James/0000-0003-0643-8620
FU United States Geological Survey (USGS); Institute of Food and
Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida
FX Funding for this research was supported by a grant from the United
States Geological Survey (USGS) State Partnership Program (DJM, DCP,
AWJD). Financial support for JSH was provided by a graduate
assistantship from the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences,
University of Florida, and matched from the State Partnership Program
grant and the Program of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of
Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida. Special thanks
go to B. Ennis, E. Yudelman, C. Campbell, K. Kovacs, A. Strong and N.
Cormier for assistance in the field and to N. Johnson for advice on
methodology and analysis. We especially thank Dr C. Rogers (USGS, St
John, US Virgin Islands) for the use of the USGS research vessel that
greatly facilitated our field sampling and R. Brown and J. Irving
(Virgin Islands Ecological Resource Station) for providing logistical
support in St John, US Virgin Islands, throughout the study. We thank R.
Boulon (National Park Service, St John, US Virgin Islands) for
assistance with the scientific research permit for sampling within the
Virgin Islands National Park. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
USA Government.
NR 72
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U1 1
U2 30
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI CLAYTON
PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC
3168, AUSTRALIA
SN 1323-1650
EI 1448-6059
J9 MAR FRESHWATER RES
JI Mar. Freshw. Res.
PY 2012
VL 63
IS 8
BP 740
EP 750
DI 10.1071/MF12099
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 990ZR
UT WOS:000307671100009
ER
PT J
AU Stith, BM
Slone, DH
de Wit, M
Edwards, HH
Langtimm, CA
Swain, ED
Soderqvist, LE
Reid, JP
AF Stith, B. M.
Slone, D. H.
de Wit, M.
Edwards, H. H.
Langtimm, C. A.
Swain, E. D.
Soderqvist, L. E.
Reid, J. P.
TI Passive thermal refugia provided warm water for Florida manatees during
the severe winter of 2009-2010
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Halocline; Thermal inversion; Tidal pumping; Groundwater; Ten Thousand
Islands; Picayune Strand restoration; Everglades restoration; Salinity
stratification; Aquatic species
ID SOUTHWEST FLORIDA; AGGREGATION SITE; HEAT; FLOW
AB Haloclines induced by freshwater inflow over tidal water have been identified as an important mechanism for maintaining warm water in passive thermal refugia (PTR) used by Florida manatees Trichechus manatus latirostris during winter in extreme southwestern Florida. Record-setting cold during winter 2009-2010 resulted in an unprecedented number of manatee deaths, adding to concerns that PTR may provide inadequate thermal protection during severe cold periods. Hydrological data from 2009-2010 indicate that 2 canal systems in the Ten Thousand Islands (TTI) region acted as PTR and maintained warm bottom-water temperatures, even during severe and prolonged cold periods. Aerial survey counts of live and dead manatees in TTI during the winter of 2009-2010 suggest that these PTR were effective at preventing mass mortality from hypothermia, in contrast to the nearby Everglades region, which lacks similar artificial PTR and showed high manatee carcass counts. Hydrological data from winter 2008-2009 confirmed earlier findings that without haloclines these artificial PTR may become ineffective as warm-water sites. Tidal pumping of groundwater appears to provide additional heat to bottom water during low tide cycles, but the associated thermal inversion is not observed unless salinity stratification is present. The finding that halocline-driven PTR can maintain warm water even under extreme winter conditions suggests that they may have significant potential as warm-water sites. However, availability and conflicting uses of freshwater and other management issues may make halocline-driven PTR unreliable or difficult to manage during winter.
C1 [Stith, B. M.; Slone, D. H.; Langtimm, C. A.; Reid, J. P.] Jacobs Technol Inc, US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA.
[de Wit, M.; Edwards, H. H.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss FWC, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst FWRI, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Swain, E. D.] US Geol Survey, Florida Water Sci Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33135 USA.
[Soderqvist, L. E.] US Geol Survey, Florida Water Sci Ctr, Ft Myers, FL 33901 USA.
RP Stith, BM (reprint author), Jacobs Technol Inc, US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA.
EM bstith@usgs.gov
OI Slone, Daniel/0000-0002-9903-9727; Reid, James/0000-0002-8497-1132
FU USGS program: FISCHS Project (Future Impacts of Sea Level Rise on
Coastal Habitats and Species); USGS program: Ecosystems Mapping; USGS
program: Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science (PES); USGS
program: Critical Ecosystem Studies Initiative (CESI); US Army Corps of
Engineers
FX Funding was provided by the following USGS programs: FISCHS Project
(Future Impacts of Sea Level Rise on Coastal Habitats and Species),
Ecosystems Mapping, Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science
(PES), and Critical Ecosystem Studies Initiative (CESI). Funding was
also provided by the US Army Corps of Engineers. We thank the following
agencies for hydrology or environmental data: South Florida Water
Management District, Everglades National Park, Big Cypress National
Preserve, Ten Thousand Islands National Wildlife Refuge, and US
Geological Survey. We thank L. Lefebvre for many helpful discussions and
support related to this work. Discussions with C. Deutsch, A. Spellman,
S. Markley, B. Sobzak, and S. Barton were also helpful. Aerial survey
and carcass count data were provided by the Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission. Use of trade or product names does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 41
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U1 2
U2 27
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 462
BP 287
EP 301
DI 10.3354/meps09732
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 991TA
UT WOS:000307723300023
ER
PT J
AU Toribio, SG
Gray, BR
Liang, S
AF Toribio, S. G.
Gray, B. R.
Liang, S.
TI An evaluation of the Bayesian approach to fitting the N-mixture model
for use with pseudo-replicated count data
SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL COMPUTATION AND SIMULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian method; N-mixture model; abundance estimation; MCMC
ID ABUNDANCE; WINBUGS
AB The N-mixture model proposed by Royle in 2004 may be used to approximate the abundance and detection probability of animal species in a given region. In 2006, Royle and Dorazio discussed the advantages of using a Bayesian approach in modelling animal abundance and occurrence using a hierarchical N-mixture model. N-mixture models assume replication on sampling sites, an assumption that may be violated when the site is not closed to changes in abundance during the survey period or when nominal replicates are defined spatially. In this paper, we studied the robustness of a Bayesian approach to fitting the N-mixture model for pseudo-replicated count data. Our simulation results showed that the Bayesian estimates for abundance and detection probability are slightly biased when the actual detection probability is small and are sensitive to the presence of extra variability within local sites.
C1 [Toribio, S. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Math, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Gray, B. R.] US Geol Survey, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Liang, S.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Toribio, SG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Math, 1725 State St, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
EM toribio.sher@uwlax.edu
OI Gray, Brian/0000-0001-7682-9550
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 10
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0094-9655
EI 1563-5163
J9 J STAT COMPUT SIM
JI J. Stat. Comput. Simul.
PY 2012
VL 82
IS 8
BP 1135
EP 1143
DI 10.1080/00949655.2011.572881
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics &
Probability
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA 979OJ
UT WOS:000306829100004
ER
PT J
AU Sankey, JB
Germino, MJ
Sankey, TT
Hoover, AN
AF Sankey, Joel B.
Germino, Matthew J.
Sankey, Temuulen T.
Hoover, Amber N.
TI Fire effects on the spatial patterning of soil properties in sagebrush
steppe, USA: a meta-analysis
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE
LA English
DT Review
DE Artemisia tridentata; cold desert; microsite; resilience; resistance;
review; shrub; wildfire
ID HERBACEOUS VEGETATION HETEROGENEITY; PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLAND;
PRESCRIBED-FIRE; SHRUB-STEPPE; ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; SEMIARID
RANGELANDS; SEDIMENT PRODUCTION; TEMPORAL INFLUENCE; CHEMICAL-PATTERNS;
RESOURCE ISLANDS
AB Understanding effects of changes in ecological disturbance regimes on soil properties, and capacity of soil properties to resist disturbance, is important for assessing ecological condition. In this meta-analysis, we examined the resilience of surface soil properties and their spatial patterning to disturbance by fire in sagebrush steppe of North America - a biome currently experiencing increases in wildfire due to climate change. We reviewed 39 studies that reported on soil properties for sagebrush steppe with distinct microsite (undershrub and interspace) patterning that was or was not recently burned. We estimated microsite effects for 21 soil properties and examined the effect of burning on microsite effects during the first year post-fire, before the re-establishment of vegetation. Results indicated that the spatial patterning of biogeochemical resources, in which soil surfaces beneath shrubs are enriched, is resilient to burning. However, microsite effects for soil-surface hydrologic, temperature and erosion characteristics appeared to shift following burning. These shifts appear to create a negative feedback for the spatial patterning of soil properties before vegetation recovery. Relatively long (decades-centuries) historic fire intervals in sagebrush steppe ecosystems likely reinforce spatial patterning of soil resources. However, increased fire frequency might affect the ability for soil resources to withstand change.
C1 [Sankey, Joel B.; Sankey, Temuulen T.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise Ctr Aerosp Lab, Boise, ID 83712 USA.
[Germino, Matthew J.; Hoover, Amber N.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
RP Sankey, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 520 N Pk Ave,Room 111, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM jsankey@usgs.gov
RI Germino, Matthew/F-6080-2013; Hoover, Amber/B-8373-2017
OI Hoover, Amber/0000-0001-8584-3995
FU US Army Research Laboratory; US Army Research Office [W911NF-07-1-0481];
Bureau of Land Management
FX This material is based on work supported in part by the US Army Research
Laboratory and the US Army Research Office under grant number
W911NF-07-1-0481. Additional funding was provided by the Bureau of Land
Management.
NR 79
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U1 5
U2 47
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1049-8001
J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE
JI Int. J. Wildland Fire
PY 2012
VL 21
IS 5
BP 545
EP 556
DI 10.1071/WF11092
PG 12
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 984FJ
UT WOS:000307175200008
ER
PT J
AU Brand, WA
Coplen, TB
AF Brand, Willi A.
Coplen, Tyler B.
TI Stable isotope deltas: tiny, yet robust signatures in nature
SO ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES
LA English
DT Review
DE calculations; delta signatures; isotopic fractionation; measurement
standards; natural isotopic variations; nomenclature; urey signatures
ID IUPAC TECHNICAL REPORT; VOSTOK ICE CORE; CARBON DIOXIDE; ATMOSPHERIC
OXYGEN; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN-HAIR; FRACTIONATION; ABUNDANCES;
EXCHANGE; HYDROGEN
AB Although most of them are relatively small, stable isotope deltas of naturally occurring substances are robust and enable workers in anthropology, atmospheric sciences, biology, chemistry, environmental sciences, food and drug authentication, forensic science, geochemistry, geology, oceanography, and paleoclimatology to study a variety of topics. Two fundamental processes explain the stable isotope deltas measured in most terrestrial systems: isotopic fractionation and isotope mixing. Isotopic fractionation is the result of equilibrium or kinetic physicochemical processes that fractionate isotopes because of small differences in physical or chemical properties of molecular species having different isotopes. It is shown that the mixing of radioactive and stable isotope end members can be modelled to provide information on many natural processes, including (14)Cabundances in the modern atmosphere and the stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of the oceans during glacial and interglacial times. The calculation of mixing fractions using isotope balance equations with isotope deltas can be substantially in error when substances with high concentrations of heavy isotopes (e. g. C-13, H-2, and O-18) are mixed. In such cases, calculations using mole fractions are preferred as they produce accurate mixing fractions. Isotope deltas are dimensionless quantities. In the International System of Units (SI), these quantities have the unit 1 and the usual list of prefixes is not applicable. To overcome traditional limitations with expressing orders of magnitude differences in isotope deltas, we propose the term urey (symbol Ur), after Harold C. Urey, for the unit 1. In such a manner, an isotope delta value expressed traditionally as -25 per mil can be written as -25 mUr (or -2.5 cUr or -0.25 dUr; the use of any SI prefix is possible). Likewise, very small isotopic differences often expressed in per meg 'units' are easily included (e. g. either +0.015 parts per thousand or +15 per meg can be written as +15 mu Ur.
C1 [Brand, Willi A.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Jena, Germany.
[Coplen, Tyler B.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Brand, WA (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Jena, Germany.
EM wbrand@bgc-jena.mpg.de
RI Brand, Willi/D-2043-2009
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program
FX This article has benefited from a careful review by Roland A. Werner
(Institute of Agricultural Sciences - ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland).
The support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program made
this report possible. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this
article is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement
by the U. S. Government.
NR 47
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U1 12
U2 100
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1025-6016
J9 ISOT ENVIRON HEALT S
JI Isot. Environ. Health Stud.
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 3
BP 393
EP 409
DI 10.1080/10256016.2012.666977
PG 17
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 984LM
UT WOS:000307191200005
PM 22462621
ER
PT J
AU Colla, SR
Ascher, JS
Arduser, M
Cane, J
Deyrup, M
Droege, S
Gibbs, J
Griswold, T
Hall, HG
Henne, C
Neff, J
Jean, RP
Rightmyer, MG
Sheffield, C
Veit, M
Wolf, A
AF Colla, S. R.
Ascher, J. S.
Arduser, M.
Cane, J.
Deyrup, M.
Droege, S.
Gibbs, J.
Griswold, T.
Hall, H. G.
Henne, C.
Neff, J.
Jean, R. P.
Rightmyer, M. G.
Sheffield, C.
Veit, M.
Wolf, A.
TI Documenting Persistence of Most Eastern North American Bee Species
(Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) to 1990-2009
SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Collection data; bees; invertebrate; rarity; extinction; museum
specimens; database
ID APIDAE; CONSERVATION; EXTINCTIONS; HALICTIDAE; COMMUNITY; CRESSON;
DECLINE; INSECT
AB The status of wild bees, the major group of pollinators in most biomes, has gained recognition as an important ecological and economic issue. Insufficient baseline data and taxonomic expertise for this understudied group has hindered efforts to assess the conservation status of the majority of wild bee species. To more objectively address their current conservation status, we drew upon museum collections and the expertise of melittologists (biologists studying non-Apis bees) to compile a complete list of bee species for eastern North America, discriminating those which have and have not been detected during the past 20 years. The vast majority (95% of about 770 eastern North American bee species) have been found again, at least once since 1990. The remaining 37 species were rarely collected before 1990 as well. Some may truly be at risk (or lost). Others are undoubtedly data deficient due to inadequate knowledge of their biology or hosts, or the geographic regions and local habitats where they occur. Distributional and ecological patterns among these missing species are discussed. Most were recorded in the region only from peripheral areas or areas known to be undersampled by recent collectors, such as the southeastern United States. Others are characterized by specialized life histories or they cannot be identified routinely in the absence of taxonomic revisions. Clearly, most eastern North American bee species have persisted until recent times, with no evidence of widespread recent extinctions. An absence of well-documented global extinctions of bee species does not warrant complacency regarding pollinator conservation, as our qualitative method does not lend itself to documenting range contractions, range fragmentation, or declines in abundance and species richness in local bee communities.
C1 [Colla, S. R.; Sheffield, C.] York Univ, Dept Biol, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
[Ascher, J. S.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, New York, NY 10024 USA.
[Arduser, M.] Missouri Dept Conservat, St Charles, MO 63304 USA.
[Cane, J.; Griswold, T.; Rightmyer, M. G.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol UMC 5310, USDA ARS Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Deyrup, M.] Archbold Biol Stn Invertebrate Collect, Venus, FL 33960 USA.
[Droege, S.] BARC EAST, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Gibbs, J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Hall, H. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Henne, C.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Neff, J.] Cent Texas Melittol Inst, Austin, TX 78731 USA.
[Jean, R. P.] St Mary Of The Woods Coll, Dept Sci & Math, St Mary Of The Woods, IN 47876 USA.
[Veit, M.; Wolf, A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nat & Appl Sci, Green Bay, WI 54311 USA.
RP Colla, SR (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Biol, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
EM scolla@yorku.ca
RI Gibbs, Jason/H-6963-2012; Ascher, John/D-1554-2014;
OI Gibbs, Jason/0000-0002-4945-5423
FU [NSF DBI 0956388]
FX We would like to thank H. Ikerd, A. Mayor, L. Packer, and D. Yanega for
valuable discussion and data contribution. We gratefully acknowledge the
many collections and specimens contributed by numerous collaborators
without which this project would not have been possible. J. S. Ascher's
work on this project was generously supported by Robert G. Goelet and by
the collaborative bee databasing grant NSF DBI 0956388.
NR 29
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 38
PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-8567
EI 1937-2353
J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC
JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 85
IS 1
BP 14
EP 22
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 983SG
UT WOS:000307138400003
ER
PT J
AU Noren, SR
Udevitz, MS
Jay, CV
AF Noren, S. R.
Udevitz, M. S.
Jay, C. V.
TI Bioenergetics model for estimating food requirements of female Pacific
walruses Odobenus rosmarus divergens
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pinniped; Foraging; Metabolism; Energetics; Arctic; Ice; Climate change
ID LIONS EUMETOPIAS-JUBATUS; NORTHERN ELEPHANT SEAL; FIELD METABOLIC-RATES;
MIROUNGA-ANGUSTIROSTRIS; HAUL-OUT; DIGESTIVE EFFICIENCY;
CALLORHINUS-URSINUS; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; PREY CONSUMPTION; GRAY SEALS
AB Pacific walruses Odobenus rosmarus divergens use sea ice as a platform for resting, nursing, and accessing extensive benthic foraging grounds. The extent of summer sea ice in the Chukchi Sea has decreased substantially in recent decades, causing walruses to alter habitat use and activity patterns which could affect their energy requirements. We developed a bioenergetics model to estimate caloric demand of female walruses, accounting for maintenance, growth, activity (active in-water and hauled-out resting), molt, and reproductive costs. Estimates for nonreproductive females 0-12 yr old (65-810 kg) ranged from 16 359 to 68 960 kcal d(-1) (74-257 kcal d(-1) kg(-1)) for years with readily available sea ice for which we assumed animals spent 83% of their time in water. This translated into the energy content of 3200-5960 clams per day, equivalent to 7-8% and 14-9% of body mass per day for 5-12 and 2-4 yr olds, respectively. Estimated consumption rates of 12 yr old females were minimally affected by pregnancy, but lactation had a large impact, increasing consumption rates to 15% of body mass per day. Increasing the proportion of time in water to 93%, as might happen if walruses were required to spend more time foraging during ice-free periods, increased daily caloric demand by 6-7% for non-lactating females. We provide the first bioenergetics-based estimates of energy requirements for walruses and a first step towards establishing bioenergetic linkages between demography and prey requirements that can ultimately be used in predicting this population's response to environmental change.
C1 [Noren, S. R.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Udevitz, M. S.; Jay, C. V.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Noren, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM snoren@biology.ucsc.edu
OI Udevitz, Mark/0000-0003-4659-138X
NR 74
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 46
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 460
BP 261
EP 275
DI 10.3354/meps09706
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 977UH
UT WOS:000306689800020
ER
PT S
AU Kokaly, RF
AF Kokaly, Raymond F.
BE Shen, SS
Lewis, PE
TI Spectroscopic remote sensing for material identification, vegetation
characterization, and mapping
SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND
ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY XVIII
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral,
Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XVIII
CY APR 23-27, 2012
CL Baltimore, MD
SP SPIE
DE Hyperspectral remote sensing; mineral mapping; oil spill; hydrocarbon
detection; spectral feature analysis; spectral library; continuum
removal
AB Identifying materials by measuring and analyzing their reflectance spectra has been an important procedure in analytical chemistry for decades. Airborne and space-based imaging spectrometers allow materials to be mapped across the landscape. With many existing airborne sensors and new satellite-borne sensors planned for the future, robust methods are needed to fully exploit the information content of hyperspectral remote sensing data. A method of identifying and mapping materials using spectral feature analyses of reflectance data in an expert-system framework called MICA (Material Identification and Characterization Algorithm) is described. MICA is a module of the PRISM (Processing Routines in IDL dagger for Spectroscopic Measurements) software, available to the public from the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1155/. The core concepts of MICA include continuum removal and linear regression to compare key diagnostic absorption features in reference laboratory/field spectra and the spectra being analyzed. The reference spectra, diagnostic features, and threshold constraints are defined within a user-developed MICA command file (MCF). Building on several decades of experience in mineral mapping, a broadly-applicable MCF was developed to detect a set of minerals frequently occurring on the Earth's surface and applied to map minerals in the country-wide coverage of the 2007 Afghanistan HyMap data set. MICA has also been applied to detect sub-pixel oil contamination in marshes impacted by the Deepwater Horizon incident by discriminating the C-H absorption features in oil residues from background vegetation. These two recent examples demonstrate the utility of a spectroscopic approach to remote sensing for identifying and mapping the distributions of materials in imaging spectrometer data.
C1 US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Kokaly, RF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 973,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM raymond@usgs.gov
RI Kokaly, Raymond/A-6817-2017
OI Kokaly, Raymond/0000-0003-0276-7101
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-9068-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8390
AR 839014
DI 10.1117/12.919121
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BBD51
UT WOS:000306561700034
ER
PT J
AU Lok, EK
Esler, D
Takekawa, JY
De La Cruz, SW
Boyd, WS
Nysewander, DR
Evenson, JR
Ward, DH
AF Lok, Erika K.
Esler, Daniel
Takekawa, John Y.
De La Cruz, Susan W.
Boyd, W. Sean
Nysewander, David R.
Evenson, Joseph R.
Ward, David H.
TI Spatiotemporal associations between Pacific herring spawn and surf
scoter spring migration: evaluating a 'silver wave' hypothesis
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Habitat use; Herring spawn; Melanitta perspicillata; Migration;
Satellite telemetry; Surf scoter
ID WHITE-WINGED SCOTERS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; HARLEQUIN DUCKS; CLUPEA-PALLASI;
WINTERING SURF; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; NUTRIENT RESERVES; PREY
AVAILABILITY; SEA DUCKS; BEHAVIOR
AB Surf scoters Melanitta perspicillata are sea ducks that aggregate at spawning events of Pacific herring Clupea pallasi and forage on the eggs, which are deposited in abundance during spring at discrete sites. We evaluated whether migrating scoters followed a 'silver wave' of resource availability, analogous to the 'green wave' of high-quality foraging conditions that herbivorous waterfowl follow during spring migration. We confirmed that herring spawning activity began later in the year at higher latitudes, creating a northward-progressing wave of short-term localized food availability. Using satellite telemetry and aerial surveys, we documented the chronology of scoter spring migration and the use of stopover locations in relation to herring spawn timing and locations. We found that the migration chronology paralleled the northward progression of herring spawning events. Although there was considerable variability in the timing of both scoter migration and the initiation of herring spawning, the processes were related beyond a coincidental northward progression. During migration, 60% of the tracked scoters visited at least 1 spawn site, and those that used spawn sites were located on spawn sites for approximately one-third of their migration locations. Surf scoters showed close spatiotemporal associations with herring spawning events, confirming that the presence of herring spawn was a factor determining habitat use for many individuals. Surf scoters showed close spatiotemporal associations with herring spawning events, confirming that the presence of herring spawn was a factor determining habitat use for many individuals, a conclusion that is consistent with previous studies which used physiologically based metrics to evaluate the importance of herring spawn.
C1 [Lok, Erika K.; Esler, Daniel] Simon Fraser Univ, Ctr Wildlife Ecol, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada.
[Takekawa, John Y.; De La Cruz, Susan W.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Boyd, W. Sean] Environm Canada, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada.
[Nysewander, David R.; Evenson, Joseph R.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Ward, David H.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Lok, EK (reprint author), Environm Canada, 5421 Robertson Rd, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada.
EM eklok@alumni.sfu.ca
FU Sea Duck Joint Venture; Environment Canada/Canadian Wildlife Service
Pacific and Yukon Region; Environment Canada's Georgia Basin Action
Plan; USGS/Alaska Science Center; USGS Western Ecological Research
Center Coastal Ecosystems Program; Calfed Ecosystem Restoration Program;
Environment Canada Science Horizons Program; Centre for Wildlife Ecology
at Simon Fraser University
FX This work was conducted following guidance from animal care and use
committees and with permits from the California Department of Fish and
Game, Canadian Wildlife Service, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, USGS
Bird Banding Laboratory, USGS Western Ecological Research Center, Simon
Fraser University, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, and
Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (SEMARNAT) (through
Ducks Unlimited de Mexico and Permit 7232). Funding was provided by the
Sea Duck Joint Venture, Environment Canada/Canadian Wildlife Service
Pacific and Yukon Region, Environment Canada's Georgia Basin Action
Plan, USGS/Alaska Science Center, and USGS Western Ecological Research
Center Coastal Ecosystems Program with support from the Calfed Ecosystem
Restoration Program. E. K. L. was supported by the Sea Duck Joint
Venture, Environment Canada Science Horizons Program and the Centre for
Wildlife Ecology at Simon Fraser University. We thank the Department of
Fisheries and Oceans, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, and J.
Womble for the herring spawn data. We thank pilots L. Bennett and D.
Doyon. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement.
NR 60
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U1 2
U2 22
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 457
BP 139
EP 150
DI 10.3354/meps09692
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 978PB
UT WOS:000306755000011
ER
PT J
AU Hart, KM
Sartain, AR
Fujisaki, I
Pratt, HL
Morley, D
Feeley, MW
AF Hart, Kristen M.
Sartain, Autumn R.
Fujisaki, Ikuko
Pratt, Harold L., Jr.
Morley, Danielle
Feeley, Michael W.
TI Home range, habitat use, and migrations of hawksbill turtles tracked
from Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida, USA
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Hawksbill; Satellite; Acoustic; Telemetry; Kernel density estimate;
Harvest; Dry Tortugas
ID ERETMOCHELYS-IMBRICATA LINNAEUS; SEA-TURTLES; GROWTH-RATES;
SATELLITE-TRACKING; ULTRASONIC TELEMETRY; MIGRATORY BEHAVIOR; LOCATION
ACCURACY; DIVING BEHAVIOR; FEEDING GROUNDS; FORAGING AREA
AB To determine habitat-use patterns of sub-adult hawksbills Eretmochelys imbricata, we conducted satellite-and acoustic-tracking of 3 turtles captured in August 2008 within Dry Tortugas National Park (DRTO), south Florida, USA, in the Gulf of Mexico; turtles ranged in size from 51.9 to 69.8 cm straight carapace length. After 263, 699, and 655 d of residence in the park, turtles migrated out of the DRTO. Within the park, core-use areas (i.e. 50% kernel density estimates) were 9.2 to 21.5 km(2); all 3 turtle core-use areas overlapped in an area 6.1 km(2) within a zone of the park with multiple human uses (e. g. fishing, anchoring). Two turtles migrated to Cuba and ceased transmitting after 320 and 687 tracking days; the third turtle migrated toward Key West, Florida, and ceased transmitting after 884 tracking days. The present study highlights previously unknown regional connections for hawksbills, possible turtle-harvest incidents, and fine-scale habitat use of sub-adult hawksbills within a United States National Park.
C1 [Hart, Kristen M.] US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Sartain, Autumn R.] Jacobs Technol, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Fujisaki, Ikuko] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Pratt, Harold L., Jr.] Ctr Shark Res, Mote Trop Marine Lab, Summerland Key, FL 33042 USA.
[Morley, Danielle] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Marathon, FL 33050 USA.
[Feeley, Michael W.] S Florida Caribbean Network, Natl Pk Serv, Palmetto Bay, FL 33157 USA.
RP Hart, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
EM kristen_hart@usgs.gov
FU National Park Service; USGS Priority Ecosystem Science Program; USGS
Coastal and Marine Geology Program
FX All work was permitted by National Marine Fisheries Service Permit
13307-03 (issued to K. M. H.) and Dry Tortugas National Park Permits
DRTO-2008-SCI-0008 and DRTO-2010-SCI-0009 (issued to K. M. H.). All
turtle handling and sampling was performed according to USGS
Institutional Animal Care Protocol USGS-SESC-IACUC 2011-05. Funding for
this work was provided by the National Park Service, USGS Priority
Ecosystem Science Program, and USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program.
We acknowledge the use of www.seaturtle.org and the satellite-tracking
and analysis tool (STAT). We thank K. Ludwig and J. Sanford for help
catching and working up turtles, and J. Douglass, C. Douglass, J. Spade,
and T. Gottshall for logistical support at DRTO. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the United States Government.
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U1 5
U2 36
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 457
BP 193
EP 207
DI 10.3354/meps09744
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 978PB
UT WOS:000306755000016
ER
PT J
AU Poag, CW
AF Poag, C. Wylie
TI Foraminiferal repopulation of the Late Eocene Chesapeake Bay Impact
Crater
SO MICROPALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA; CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY; ATLANTIC
COASTAL-PLAIN; ORGANIC-CARBON FLUX; K-T BOUNDARY; DEEP-SEA; NEW-JERSEY;
BOLIDE-IMPACT; MICROHABITAT PREFERENCES; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION
AB The Chickahominy Formation is the initial postimpact deposit in the 85km-diameter Chesapeake Bay impact crater, which is centered under the town of Cape Charles, Virginia, USA. The formation comprises dominantly microfossil-rich, silty, marine clay, which accumulated during the final similar to 1.6myr flute Eocene time. At cored sites, the Chickahominy Formation is 16.8-93.7m thick, and fills a series of small troughs and subbasins, which subdivide the larger Chickahominy basin. Nine coreholes drilled through the Chickahominy Formation (five inside the crater, two near the crater margin, and two similar to 3km outside the crater) record the stratigraphic and paleoecologic succession of 301 indigenous species of benthic foraminifera, as well as associated planktonic foraminifera and bolboformids. Two hundred twenty of these benthic species are described herein, and illustrated with scanning electron photomicrographs. The Chickahominy Formation can be categorized as a single benthic foraminiferal biozone (Cibicidoides pippeni Biozone), subdivided into five subzones, in stratigraphic order from bottom to top: Bulimina jacksonensis Subzone; Lagenoglandulina virginiana Subzone; Uvigerina dumblei Subzone; Bolivina tectiformis Subzone, and; Siphonina jacksonensis Subzone. Two planktonic datums and four benthic datums provide a biochronostratigraphic framework in which to estimate the duration and temporal distribution patterns of discrete microfossil assemblages. A paleoseral succession from pioneer to equilibrium paleocommunities reflects the temporal and spatial evolution from early unstable benthic paleoenvironments to later stable benthic paleoenvironments. Initial reoccupation of the newly formed crater basin is marked by a dramatic immigration of 32 indigenous species, which replaced the sparse, entirely reworked (allochthonous) foraminiferal assemblages of a preceding inhospitable dead zone. At all nine core sites, attainment of benthic paleoenvironmental equilibrium (29-190kyr postimpact) is signaled by a notable reduction in the number of new immigrant species arriving in the Chickahominy basin. In addition, at five sites inside the crater, early unstable benthic paleoenvironments can be differentiated from later stable benthic paleoenvironments by the presence of an agglutinated Psammosiphonella biofacies in basal Chickahominy strata and a shift from short-term to long-term benthic foraminiferal generic dominance facies. Restriction of the dead zone and Psammosiphonella biofacies to intracrater sites indicates unusual benthic paleoenvironmental conditions (warm, saline bottomwater and porewater) derived from the impact, which lasted as long as similar to 350kyr postimpact at one site. Absence of key planktonic foraminiferal and Bolboforma species in early Chickahominy sediments indicates that detrimental effects of the impact also disturbed the upper oceanic water column for at least 80-100kyr postimpact. Nine genera (Bolivina, Uvigerina, Gyroidinoides, Globocassidulina, Angulogerina, Nuttallides, Cibicidina, Caucasina, Epistominella) and two generic groups (buliminids, stilostomellids) are the most abundant taxa among 17 generic dominance facies that characterize Chickahominy core sites. Most dominant taxa were epifaunal or shallow in faunal opportunists, which thrived under conditions of oxygen depletion (dysoxia) and high organic flux rates.
After an average of similar to 73kyr of stressed, rapidly fluctuating paleoenvironments, which were destabilized by after-effects of the impact, most of the cored Chickahominy subbasins maintained stable, nutrient-rich, low-oxygen bottom waters and interstitial microhabitats for the remaining similar to 1.3myr of late Eocene time.
C1 US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Poag, CW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM wpoag@usgs.gov
FU Deep Sea Drilling Project; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory; Hampton
Roads Planning District Commission; International Continental Drilling
Program; Geology Department of the College of William and Mary;
Louisiana State University Department of Geology; Marine Biological
Laboratory; NASA Langley Research Center; National Aeronautical and
Atmospheric Administration; National Geographic Society; National
Science Foundation; Ocean Drilling Program; Texaco Oil Company; Virginia
Department of Environmental Quality; Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution
FX I am grateful to a host of colleagues and organizations who have
contributed to this study over the past 21 years. 1) For sample
collection and preparation: Scott Bruce, Laurel Bybell, Art Clark, Fred
Collier, Tom Cronin, Henning Dypvik, Lucy Edwards, Norm Frederiksen,
Greg Gohn, Harry Hansen, Wright Horton, Megan Jones, Gerald Johnson,
Chris Koeberl, Doris Low, Randy McFarland, Kate McMillan, Ken Miller,
Bob Mixon, Philip Molzer, Larry Poppe, Dave Powars, Don Queen, Jim
Quick, Uwe Reimold, Steve Schindler, Jean Self-Trail, Matt Smith, Bob
Stamm, Buck Ward, and Rob Weems; 2) For other data and technical
analyses: John Costain, Bill Glass, Jack Hathaway, Barry Erwin, Glen
Izett, Myung Lee, Ron Litwin, Edward Mankinen, Andrew Meng, and Richard
Norris; 3) For geophysical data: Warren Agena, Tom Aldrich, Carl Bowin,
Steve Colman, Steve Curtin, A.R. Danforth, John Diebold, Dave Foster,
Parish Erwin, John Evans, Debbie Hutchinson, Jeremy Loss, Joe Newell,
Dave Nichols, Tommy O'Brien, Jeff Plescia, and Nancy Soderberg,; 4) For
photography and scanning electron microscopy: Dann Blackwood, Bob
Commeau, Judy Commeau, and Louie Kerr; 5) For funding, facilities, and
data: Deep Sea Drilling Project, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory,
Hampton Roads Planning District Commission, International Continental
Drilling Program, Geology Department of the College of William and Mary,
Louisiana State University Department of Geology, Marine Biological
Laboratory, NASA Langley Research Center, National Aeronautical and
Atmospheric Administration, National Geographic Society, National
Science Foundation, Ocean Drilling Program, Texaco Oil Company, Virginia
Department of Environmental Quality, and Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution; 6) For enthusiastic encouragement and insightful advice:
Marie-Pierre Aubry, Bill Berggren, Dave Folger, Chris Koeberl, Uwe
Reimold, Abby Salinger, Bill Schwab, Gene Shoemaker, Jeff Williams, and
Richie Williams. Kenneth Finger and Kristin McDougall-Reid kindly took
on the huge job of reviewing the original typescript.
NR 478
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PU MICROPALEONTOLOGY PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 256 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA
SN 0026-2803
J9 MICROPALEONTOLOGY
JI Micropaleontology
PY 2012
VL 58
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 206
PG 208
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 977DS
UT WOS:000306637200001
ER
PT J
AU Sedinger, JS
Blomberg, EJ
VanDellen, AW
Byers, S
AF Sedinger, James S.
Blomberg, Erik J.
VanDellen, Amanda W.
Byers, Stephanie
TI Environmental and Population Strain Effects on Survival of Lahontan
Cutthroat Trout in Walker Lake, Nevada: A Bayesian Approach
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BROOK TROUT; BROWN TROUT; WILD;
HATCHERY; RATES; SALINITY; RAINBOW; WATER
AB Lahontan cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi are listed as threatened under the U. S. Endangered Species Act. Populations inhabiting terminal lakes in the Great Basin of Utah and adjacent states face increasing salinity associated with increased anthropogenic use of water and climate change. We used tag recovery models and Markov chain-Monte Carlo methods to assess models of variation in annual survival and tag recovery rates for two genetic strains (Pilot Peak and Pyramid Lake) of Lahontan cutthroat trout stocked into Walker Lake, Nevada, from 1998 to 2008. The best-performing model of annual survival and tag recoveries allowed recovery probability in the first year after release to differ from subsequent recovery rates. The best model contained an interaction between strain and total dissolved solids (TDS) for annual survival. That is, the annual survival of both strains declined as TDS increased, but the Pilot Peak strain was more sensitive to TDS than was the Pyramid Lake strain. The annual survival of fish from the Pilot Peak strain was higher than that of the Pyramid Lake strain at all but the highest TDS levels. Although TDS levels in 2005-2008 were too high to warrant continued stocking of cutthroat trout into Walker Lake, if flows into Walker Lake are increased sufficiently to return TDS levels to those of the late 1990s, the Pilot Peak strain should be stocked.
C1 [Sedinger, James S.; Blomberg, Erik J.; VanDellen, Amanda W.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Blomberg, Erik J.] Univ Nevada, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Byers, Stephanie] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Reno, NV 89502 USA.
RP Sedinger, JS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
EM jsedinger@cabnr.unr.edu
FU Lahontan National Fish Hatchery Complex of the US Fish and Wildlife
Service; Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station
FX This work was funded by the Lahontan National Fish Hatchery Complex of
the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Analysis was supported by the Nevada
Agricultural Experiment Station. T. Anderson, J. Bigelow, D. Bloomquist,
E. Culver, A. Donnell, G. Emm, R. Hinz, J. Hoang, E. Horgen, E. Kelly,
B. Ladago, C. Luton, T. Loux, R. Peka, D. Rabbers, D. Schildt, J.
Steele, P. Solberger, K. Tisdale, J. Vasquez, C. Williams, and K. Wright
all assisted with field work. L. Heki enthusiastically supported the
work administratively. C. Luton also assisted with data management.
Animal handling procedures were approved by the University of Nevada
Reno Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee: protocol number
A07/08-15.
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 3
BP 515
EP 522
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.675957
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 974TI
UT WOS:000306459500001
ER
PT J
AU Crumpton, RL
Henne, JP
Ware, KM
AF Crumpton, Roman L.
Henne, James P.
Ware, Kent M.
TI Marking Otoliths and Fin Spines of Juvenile Shortnose Sturgeon with
Oxytetracycline and the Effects of Water Temperature during Treatment
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID DAILY GROWTH INCREMENTS; FISH; AGE
AB In order to evaluate a stocking program for shortnose sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum that uses captive propagation to supplement wild populations, methods are needed to differentiate wild and hatchery-reared individuals. Recently, methods have been established for marking juvenile shortnose sturgeon in oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) baths, and the marks have been confirmed on both sagittal otoliths and first-ray pectoral fin spines. However, considerable variability of mark quality has been observed on both structures, and sacrificing the fish for otolith removal is undesirable due to the shortnose sturgeon's endangered status. The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of water temperature during OTC marking on otolith and fin during OTC quality and to determine whether fin spines are as reliable as otoliths for detecting OTC marks. Six groups (N = 90) of hatchery-produced shortnose sturgeon fingerlings were exposed to 750-mg/L OTC baths for 12 h at two temperatures (heated and ambient). After marking was complete, fish were raised for 21 d, then euthanized. Otoliths and fin spines were independently analyzed by two readers, and a mark quality score (0, 1, or 2) was assigned based upon detectability. Fish marked at warmer temperatures (heated treatment) exhibited superior mark quality (mean +/- standard error of the mean mark quality = 1.78 +/- 0.07) on their otoliths than those marked in the cooler baths (ambient treatment; 1.27 +/- 0.09). Similar results were observed for fin spines. Mark quality on fin spines and otoliths was not found to be significantly different. This research demonstrates the ability to chemically mark otoliths and fin spines of juvenile shortnose sturgeon with similar and predictable results.
C1 [Crumpton, Roman L.; Henne, James P.; Ware, Kent M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bears Bluff Natl Fish Hatchery, Wadmalaw Isl, SC 29487 USA.
RP Crumpton, RL (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bears Bluff Natl Fish Hatchery, 7030 Bears Bluff Rd, Wadmalaw Isl, SC 29487 USA.
EM roman_crumpton@fws.gov
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U1 2
U2 20
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 3
BP 523
EP 527
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.675951
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 974TI
UT WOS:000306459500002
ER
PT J
AU Scoppettone, GG
Rissler, PH
Shea, SP
Somer, W
AF Scoppettone, G. Gary
Rissler, Peter H.
Shea, Sean P.
Somer, William
TI Effect of Brook Trout Removal from a Spawning Stream on an Adfluvial
Population of Lahontan Cutthroat Trout
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID YELLOWSTONE LAKE; SALMO-TRUTTA; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; INTRODUCED LAKE;
MIGRATORY TROUT; MOUNTAIN STREAM; GENETIC-CONTROL; LIFE-HISTORY; GROWTH;
RATES
AB Independence Lake (Nevada and Sierra counties, California) harbors the only extant native population of Lahontan cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi in the Truckee River system and one of two extant adfluvial populations in the Lahontan basin. The persistence of this population has been precarious for more than 50 years, with spawning runs consisting of only 30-150 fish. It is assumed that this population was much larger prior to the introduction of nonnative brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis. Brook trout overlap with cutthroat trout in upper Independence Creek, where the cutthroat trout spawn and their resulting progeny emigrate to Independence Lake. In 2005, we began removing brook trout from upper Independence Creek using electrofishers and monitored the cutthroat trout population. Stomach analysis of captured brook trout revealed cutthroat trout fry, and cutthroat trout fry survival increased significantly from 4% to 12% with brook trout removal. Prior to brook trout removal, the only Lahontan cutthroat trout progeny emigrating to Independence Lake were fry; with brook trout removal, juveniles were found entering the lake. In 2010, 237 potential spawners passed a prefabricated weir upstream of Independence Lake. Although the results of this study suggest that brook trout removal from upper Independence Creek has had a positive influence on the population dynamics of Independence Lake Lahontan cutthroat trout, additional years of removal are needed to assess the ultimate effect this action will have upon the cutthroat trout population.
C1 [Scoppettone, G. Gary; Rissler, Peter H.; Shea, Sean P.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Reno Field Stn, Reno, NV 89509 USA.
[Somer, William] Calif Dept Fish & Game, N Cent Reg, Heritage & Wild Trout Program, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA.
RP Scoppettone, GG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Reno Field Stn, 1340 Financial Blvd,Suite 161, Reno, NV 89509 USA.
EM gary_scoppettone@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Nature Conservancy
FX We thank the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for funding this project and
The Nature Conservancy for contributing funds. We thank the Truckee
River Watershed Council, California Trout Unlimited, and The Nature
Conservancy for providing equipment to execute the project. Thanks to
Truckee Meadows Water Authority, NV Energy, and The Nature Conservancy
for granting access to Independence Lake. Numerous people assisted in
this project from the following agencies and conservation organizations:
California Department of Fish and Game, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
U.S. Forest Service, The Nature Conservancy, California Trout Unlimited,
and Truckee River Watershed Council. We thank Mary Peacock and Mark
Fabes for their critical review of this manuscript. Reference to trade
names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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U2 29
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 3
BP 586
EP 596
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.675958
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 974TI
UT WOS:000306459500012
ER
PT J
AU Rose, BP
Mesa, MG
AF Rose, Brien P.
Mesa, Matthew G.
TI Effectiveness of Common Fish Screen Materials to Protect Lamprey
Ammocoetes
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID LAMPETRA-TRIDENTATA; WATER DIVERSION; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIOR
AB Understanding the effects of irrigation diversions on populations of Pacific lamprey Lampetra tridentata in the Columbia River basin is needed for their recovery. We tested the effectiveness of five common fish screen materials for excluding lamprey ammocoetes: interlock (IL), vertical bar (VB), perforated plate (PP), and 12-gauge and 14-gauge wire cloth (WC12) and (WC14). When fish (28-153 mm) were exposed for 60 min to screen panels perpendicular to an approach velocity of 12 cm/s in a recirculating flume, the percentage of ammocoetes entrained (i.e., passed through the screen) was 26% for the IL, 18% for the PP, 33% for the VB, 62% for the WC14, and 65% for the WC12 screens. For all screens, most fish were entrained within the first 15-20 min. Fish length significantly influenced entrainment, with the PP, VB, and IL screens preventing fish greater than 50-65 mm from entrainment and the WC14 and WC12 screens preventing entrainment of fish greater than 90-110 mm. Fish of all sizes repeatedly became impinged (i.e., contacting the screen for more than 1 s) on the screens, with the frequency of impingement events increasing during the first 5 min and becoming relatively stable thereafter. Impingement ranges were highest on the IL screen (36-62%), lowest on the WC14 and WC12 screens (13-31%), and intermediate on the PP and VB screens (23-54%). However, the WC14 and WC12 screens had fewer and larger fish remaining as time elapsed because so many were entrained. For all screen types, injuries were rare and minor, and no fish died after overnight posttest holding. Our results indicate that wire cloth screens should be replaced, where practical, with perforated plate, vertical bar, or interlocking bar screens to reduce lamprey entrainment at water diversions.
C1 [Rose, Brien P.; Mesa, Matthew G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Mesa, MG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM mmesa@usgs.gov
FU Umatilla Indian Reservation; U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U. S.
Bureau of Reclamation; Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commission
FX We thank Aaron Jackson of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian
Reservation, Jody Brostrom and Dan Shively of the U. S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, Sue Camp and Ron Eggers of the U. S. Bureau of
Reclamation, and Bob Heinith and Brian McIlraith of the Columbia River
Intertribal Fish Commission for technical and financial assistance. For
technical advice and coordination with the Fish Screen Oversight
Committee we thank Michael Lambert, Ray Hartlerode, Ken Frisby, and Alan
Ritchey of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife; Patrick Schille
and Chuck Lenberg of the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; and
David Ward of the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority. For
editorial and laboratory assistance we recognize Chris Dixon, Gabriel
Hansen, Joe Warren, and Lisa Weiland of the Columbia River Research
Laboratory. Comments by David Geist and two anonymous reviewers improved
the manuscript. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Geological Survey.
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SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
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BP 597
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UT WOS:000306459500013
ER
PT J
AU Mesa, MG
Rose, BP
Copeland, ES
AF Mesa, Matthew G.
Rose, Brien P.
Copeland, Elizabeth S.
TI Field-Based Evaluations of Horizontal Flat-Plate Fish Screens, II:
Testing of a Unique Off-Stream Channel Device-the Farmers Screen
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER DIVERSION; PERFORMANCE
AB Screens are installed at water diversion sites to reduce entrainment of fish. Recently, the Farmers Irrigation District (Oregon) developed a unique flat-plate screen (the "Farmers Screen") that operates passively and may offer reduced installation and operating costs. To evaluate the effectiveness of this screen on fish, we conducted two separate field experiments. First, juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch were released over a working version of this screen under a range of inflows (0.02-0.42 m(3)/s) and diversion flows (0.02-0.34 m(3)/s) at different water depths. Mean approach velocities ranged from 0 to 5 cm/s and sweeping velocities ranged from 36 to 178 cm/s. Water depths over the screen surface ranged from 1 to 25 cm and were directly related to inflow. Passage of fish over the screen under these conditions did not severely injure them or cause delayed mortality, and no fish were observed becoming impinged on the screen surface. Second, juvenile coho salmon and steelhead O. mykiss were released at the upstream end of a 34-m flume and allowed to volitionally move downstream and pass over a 3.5-m section of the Farmers Screen to determine whether fish would refuse to pass over the screen after encountering its leading edge. For coho salmon, 75-95% of the fish passed over the screen within 5 min and 82-98% passed within 20 min, depending on hydraulic conditions. For steelhead, 47-90% of the fish passed over the screen within 5 min and 79-95% passed within 20 min. Our results indicate that when operated within its design criteria, the Farmers Screen provides safe and efficient downstream passage of juvenile salmonids under a variety of hydraulic conditions.
C1 [Mesa, Matthew G.; Rose, Brien P.; Copeland, Elizabeth S.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Mesa, MG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM mmesa@usgs.gov
FU Farmers Conservation Alliance
FX We thank Julie Davies O'Shea, Daniel Kleinsmith, Les Perkins, and Roy
Slayton of The Farmers Conservation Alliance for financial and technical
support; Jerry Bryan for his expertise and advice on the Farmers Screen;
Duane Banks and his staff from the Oxbow Fish Hatchery for use of their
facility and technical assistance; Bryan Nordlund, Michelle Day, and
Larry Swenson of NMFS for early discussions and advice on our study; and
staff from the Columbia River Research Laboratory for their assistance
in the field. Mention of trade names does not imply endorsement by the
U. S. Government.
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J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
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BP 604
EP 612
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PT J
AU Dagel, JD
Miranda, LE
AF Dagel, Jonah D.
Miranda, L. E.
TI Backwaters in the Upper Reaches of Reservoirs Produce High Densities of
Age-0 Crappies
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID EARLY-LIFE HISTORY; RECRUITMENT VARIATION; RIVER-RESERVOIR; CLASS
STRENGTH; ZOOPLANKTON; FISH; HYDROLOGY; TENNESSEE; DYNAMICS; SURVIVAL
AB Reservoir backwaters are aquatic habitats in floodplains of reservoir tributaries that are permanently or periodically flooded by the reservoir. Like many reservoir arms, backwaters are commonly shallow, littoral habitats, but they differ from arms in various respects, including their support of primarily wetland plant assemblages that are tolerant to flooding. Elsewhere, the reservoir floods mainly upland plants that are less tolerant to flooding, producing a band of barren shoreline along the fluctuation zone. We investigated differences in relative abundance of age-0 crappies Pomoxis spp. in backwaters and arms of widely fluctuating flood control reservoirs, examined the effect of water level, and estimated the likelihood and timing with which these habitats are flooded annually. Higher catch rates of age-0 crappies were obtained in backwater habitats than in arm habitats. When inundated during the crappie spawning season, backwaters provided vegetated habitat at lower water levels than arms. Backwaters flooded earlier than arms and remained flooded longer to provide prolonged nursery habitat. Whereas vegetated habitat was inundated almost yearly in backwaters and arms, inundation that was timed to the onset of spawning occurred less regularly. Because of differences in water elevation, vegetated habitats were flooded in time for crappie spawning about every other year in backwaters but only every third year in arms. Recruitment of age-0 crappies was inversely correlated with high water levels during the months preceding the spawning period, perhaps because early flooding degraded the vegetation. Our results suggest that water levels may be managed during late winter and spring to regularly flood wetland vegetation communities in backwaters; however, water levels should be maintained at or below normal pool and should only irregularly flood upland vegetation in reservoir arms to promote the preservation of such vegetation. Furthermore, management efforts to enhance crappie recruitment should consider the enhancement and preservation of backwaters.
C1 [Dagel, Jonah D.] Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Miranda, L. E.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Dagel, JD (reprint author), Waterville Area Fisheries, Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, 50317 Fish Hatchery Rd, Waterville, MN 56096 USA.
EM jonah.dagel@state.mn.us
FU Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks
FX We thank Sky Wigen, Ted Alfermann, Dan Dembkowski, and Rebecca Krogman
for helping with field work, and Keith Meals for contributing local
knowledge about the study reservoirs. Mike Quist and Wes Neal provided
constructive reviews of the manuscript. Funding for this research was
provided by the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks
through a Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration grant. Reference to
trade names does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
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JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
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UT WOS:000306460000002
ER
PT J
AU Archdeacon, TP
Remshardt, WJ
AF Archdeacon, Thomas P.
Remshardt, W. Jason
TI Observations of Hatchery-Reared Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Using a
Fishway
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID FRAGMENTATION; MOVEMENTS; STREAM; FISHES; BASIN; RIVER
AB We designed a study to determine if Rio Grande silvery minnow Hybognathus amarus, an endangered species, would use an instream, rock channel fishway on the Rio Grande near Albuquerque, New Mexico. We implanted 6,657 Rio Grande silvery minnow with passive integrated transponders and used a passive scanning station with two antennas located within the fishway to document movements from seven release locations, up to 19.7 km upstream and 13.5 km downstream of the diversion dam. Between 11 March and 21 August 2011, 243 individuals were detected (3.7% of all fish released), with 74.1% fish being detected from upstream release sites and 25.9% from downstream release sites. We determined 14 Rio Grande silvery minnow successfully ascended the fishway, and an additional 20 fish from downstream release locations were detected on the upstream antenna only, inferring passage. We conclude Rio Grande silvery minnow can use appropriately constructed fishways.
C1 [Archdeacon, Thomas P.; Remshardt, W. Jason] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New Mexico Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
RP Archdeacon, TP (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New Mexico Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 3800 Commons Ave NE, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
EM thomas_archdeacon@fws.gov
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J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 4
BP 648
EP 655
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.681013
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SC Fisheries
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UT WOS:000306460000004
ER
PT J
AU Fredricks, KT
Meinertz, JR
Ambrose, RD
Jackan, LM
Wise, JK
Gaikowski, MP
AF Fredricks, Kim T.
Meinertz, Jeffery R.
Ambrose, Ryan D.
Jackan, Leanna M.
Wise, Jeremy K.
Gaikowski, Mark P.
TI Feeding Response of Sport Fish after Electrical Immobilization, Chemical
Sedation, or Both
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; PLASMA-CORTISOL; CLOVE OIL; STRESS; EFFICACY
AB Fishery managers frequently capture wild fish for a variety of fishery management activities. Though some activities can be accomplished without immobilizing the fish, others are accomplished more readily, humanely, and safely (for both the handler and the fish) when fish are immobilized by physical (e. g., electrical immobilization) or chemical sedation. A concern regarding the use of chemical sedatives is that chemical residues may remain in the fillet tissue after the fish recovers from sedation. If those residues are harmful to humans, there is some risk that a postsedated fish released to public waters may be caught and consumed by an angler. To characterize this risk, a series of four trials were conducted. Three trials assessed feeding activity after hatchery-reared fish were electrically immobilized, chemically sedated, or both, and one trial assessed the likelihood of an angler catching a wild fish that had been electrically immobilized and chemically sedated. Results from the first trial indicated that the feeding activity of laboratory habituated fish was variable among and within species after electrical immobilization, chemical sedation, or both. Results from the second trial indicated that the resumption of feeding activity was rapid after being mildly sedated for 45 min. Results from the third trial indicated that the feeding activity of outdoor, hatchery-reared fish was relatively aggressive after fish had been chemically sedated. Results from the fourth trial indicated that the probability of capturing wild fish in a more natural environment by angling after fish had been electrically immobilized and chemically sedated is not likely, i.e., in a group of five fish caught, 3 out of 100 times one would be a fish that had been sedated.
C1 [Fredricks, Kim T.; Meinertz, Jeffery R.; Ambrose, Ryan D.; Jackan, Leanna M.; Wise, Jeremy K.; Gaikowski, Mark P.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midw Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
RP Fredricks, KT (reprint author), Viterbo Univ, 900 Viterbo Dr, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
EM ktfredricks@viterbo.edu
OI Gaikowski, Mark/0000-0002-6507-9341
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SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 4
BP 679
EP 686
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.686955
PG 8
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GA 974TL
UT WOS:000306460000008
ER
PT J
AU Simpson, WG
Ostrand, KG
AF Simpson, William G.
Ostrand, Kenneth G.
TI Effects of Entrainment and Bypass at Screened Irrigation Canals on
Juvenile Steelhead
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER; CHINOOK SALMON; DELAYED MORTALITY; CUTTHROAT
TROUT; UMATILLA RIVER; FISH SCREEN; TEMPERATURE; SMOLTIFICATION;
CONSERVATION; PERFORMANCE
AB Expensive bypass screens have been installed throughout the western United States to prevent the entrainment of valuable anadromous salmonids into irrigation canals. However, few studies have quantified the annual extent and variability of entrainment and bypass success for anadromous salmonids emigrating through screened irrigation diversion networks in a basinwide context. By monitoring the movement of hatchery steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss surrogates marked with passive integrated transponder tags through three irrigation canals, we estimated canal entrainment, bypass success, and survival for threatened juvenile steelhead emigrating from the Umatilla River in northeast Oregon. Annual entrainment of steelhead was positively related to the days of canal operation and negatively related to mean seasonal river flow. The relationship between flow and entrainment differed by canal; as a result, steelhead entrainment was not always greatest at canals with the largest water diversion rates. Binary models (steelhead entrainment or no entrainment) that best described daily entrainment depicted the influence of annual differences in river flows on canal entrainment and indicated that this relationship can change under different values of thermal experience (sum of daily mean temperatures). Most of the entrained hatchery steelhead (range = 97-100%) were returned to the river by screened bypasses, even when large percentages of the steelhead population were entrained. Based on similarities in movement, hatchery steelhead were good surrogates for the entrainment of naturally reared steelhead. We estimated that the three fish screens in the Umatilla River basin prevented losses of up to 25% of the steelhead population to irrigation canals over 5 years. Interannual variability in fish entrainment should be considered when monitoring irrigation canals, and managers should not necessarily limit entrainment monitoring or screening projects to canals that divert the most water.
C1 [Simpson, William G.; Ostrand, Kenneth G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
RP Simpson, WG (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
EM william_simpson@fws.gov
FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
FX We thank C. Sater, K. Steinke, J. Anderson, J. Gasvoda, R. Pastor, J.
Hanson, W. Stonecypher, C. Contor, and T. White for their assistance
with this study. We thank three anonymous reviewers that greatly
improved an earlier draft of this manuscript. The U.S. Bureau of
Reclamation provided funding for this study. The findings and
conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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PY 2012
VL 141
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DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.683473
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ER
PT J
AU Zuray, S
Kocan, R
Hershberger, P
AF Zuray, Stanley
Kocan, Richard
Hershberger, Paul
TI Synchronous Cycling of Ichthyophoniasis with Chinook Salmon Density
Revealed during the Annual Yukon River Spawning Migration
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID HOFERI; DISEASE; RECOVERY
AB Populations of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Yukon River declined by more than 57% between 2003 and 2010, probably the result of a combination of anthropogenic and environmental factors. One possible contributor to this decline is Ichthyophonus, a mesomycetozoan parasite that has previously been implicated in significant losses of fish, including Chinook salmon. A multiyear epidemiological study of ichthyophoniasis in the Yukon River revealed that disease prevalence and Chinook salmon population abundance increased and decreased simultaneously (i.e., were concordant) from 1999 to 2010. The two values rose and fell synchronously 91% of the time for female Chinook salmon and 82% of the time for males; however, there was no significant correlation between Ichthyophonus prevalence and population abundance. This synchronicity might be explained by a single factor, such as a prey item that is critical to Chinook salmon survival as well as a source of Ichthyophonus infection. The host-parasite relationship between Ichthyophonus and migrating Chinook salmon from 2004 to 2010 was similar to that reported for the previous 5 years. During 2004-2010, overall disease prevalence was significantly higher among females (21%) than among males (8%), increased linearly with fish length for both males and females, and increased in both sexes as the fish progressed upriver. These regularly occurring features of host-parasite dynamics confirm a stable base of transmission for Ichthyophonus. However, from 2003 to 2010, disease prevalence decreased from 30% to just 8% in males and from 45% to 9% in females, paralleling a similar decline in Chinook salmon abundance during the same period. These findings may help clarify questions regarding the complex host-parasite dynamics that occur in marine species such as herrings Clupea spp., which have less well-defined population structures.
C1 [Kocan, Richard] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Zuray, Stanley] Rapids Res Ctr, Tanana, AK 99777 USA.
[Hershberger, Paul] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Nordland, WA 98338 USA.
RP Kocan, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM kocan@uw.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Subsistence Management;
Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon Initiative; U.S. Department of
Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
[NA06NMF4380119]; Yukon River Panel; ADFG; Yukon River Drainage
Fisheries Association
FX We thank the following for funding: the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Office of Subsistence Management; Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable
Salmon Initiative; U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (Award Number NA06NMF4380119); Yukon River
Panel; ADFG; and Yukon River Drainage Fisheries Association. We thank J.
Skalski (School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of
Washington) for statistical consultation; T. Underwood, D. Daum, R.
Brown, C. Apodaca, and K. P. Zuray for project evaluation; J. Roberts
and F. Peters (Tanana Tribal Council) for project evaluation; and R.
Conrad, K. Zuray, S. Erhart, C. Campbell, T. Peters, J. Zuray, H. Weihl,
E. Conrad, C. Conrad, F. Weihl, B. Erhart, and H. Brigham for technical
assistance. We also thank the following cooperators: Campbell family
fish camp, Zuray-Peters camp, Johnson camp, O'Brien camp, Erhart camp,
Boulding camp, Hugny-Farr camp, and V. Umphenour (Interior Alaska Fish
Processors).
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PY 2012
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PT J
AU Franklin, AE
Haro, A
Castro-Santos, T
Noreika, J
AF Franklin, Abigail E.
Haro, Alex
Castro-Santos, Theodore
Noreika, John
TI Evaluation of Nature-Like and Technical Fishways for the Passage of
Alewives at Two Coastal Streams in New England
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID BYPASS CHANNEL; ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; RIVER; EFFICIENCY; LAKE; DAM
AB Nature-like fishways have been designed with the intent to reconnect river corridors and provide passage for all species occurring in a system. The approach is gaining popularity both in Europe and North America, but performance of these designs has not been quantitatively evaluated in a field setting for any North American species. Two nature-like fishways and three technical fishways in New England were evaluated for passage of anadromous adult alewives Alosa pseudoharengus by using passive integrated transponder (PIT) telemetry. A perturbation boulder rock ramp (32 m long; 4.2% slope) constructed in Town Brook (Plymouth, Massachusetts) passed 94% of the fish that made passage attempts, with most fish ascending the ramp in less than 22 min. In the East River (Guilford, Connecticut), a step-pool bypass design (48 m long; 7.1% slope) passed only 40% of attempting fish, with a median transit time of 75 min. In Town Brook, a technical pool-and-weir fishway (14 m long; 14.3% slope) exhibited poor entry and poor passage for the fish. In contrast, in the East River, two technical steeppass fishways (3 m long; 29.6% and 9.6% slopes) passed the majority of available fish, although one of these steeppass fishways may have lacked sufficient flow to attract fish to the entrance. In both Town Brook and the East River, tagged fish passed rapidly downstream through all fishways after spawning. In the East River, the amount of time fish spent in the spawning habitat before migrating downstream ranged from 1 to 41 d. These studies demonstrate that some nature-like and technical fishway designs can effectively facilitate passage of alewives, but a fishway's location in relation to a spillway is important, and further evaluations are required to more precisely identify the influence of the vertical drop per pool and the specific local hydraulics on alewife behaviors and passage performance.
C1 [Franklin, Abigail E.] Cape Cod Conservat Dist, Barnstable, MA 02630 USA.
[Haro, Alex; Castro-Santos, Theodore; Noreika, John] US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
RP Franklin, AE (reprint author), Cape Cod Conservat Dist, POB 678,270 Commun Way, Barnstable, MA 02630 USA.
EM abigail.franklin@ma.usda.gov
OI Haro, Alexander/0000-0002-7188-9172; Castro-Santos,
Theodore/0000-0003-2575-9120
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine
Fisheries Service Restoration Center; University of Massachusetts,
Amherst; U.S. Geological Survey Conte Anadromous Fish Laboratory;
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection; Massachusetts
Division of Marine Fisheries; Guilford Lakes Watershed Association; town
of Plymouth
FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service
Restoration Center; University of Massachusetts, Amherst; U.S.
Geological Survey Conte Anadromous Fish Laboratory; Connecticut
Department of Environmental Protection; Massachusetts Division of Marine
Fisheries; Guilford Lakes Watershed Association; and the town of
Plymouth. We thank Steve Walk and Phil Rocasah for providing technical
assistance during fieldwork, and we are grateful to Jim Turek, Tim
Hughes, Jerry Silbert, David Gould, David Ellis, and Maria Ferrara and
family for assistance and logistic support during the field season.
Cynthia Franklin, Jonathan Franklin, Garth Hodge, Cristina Kennedy, Sean
Lucey, Rod Rowan, Kate Taylor, and two anonymous reviewers read early
drafts of this manuscript and provided helpful recommendations.
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PY 2012
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PT J
AU Gorsky, D
Zydlewski, J
Basley, D
AF Gorsky, Dimitry
Zydlewski, Joseph
Basley, David
TI Characterizing Seasonal Habitat Use and Diel Vertical Activity of Lake
Whitefish in Clear Lake, Maine, as Determined with Acoustic Telemetry
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUB-ARCTIC LAKE; COREGONUS-CLUPEAFORMIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; THERMAL
HABITAT; CUTTHROAT TROUT; FISH; TEMPERATURE; LAVARETUS; LIGHT;
SEGREGATION
AB Seasonal and daily vertical activity of lake whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis was studied in Clear Lake, Maine (253 ha), using acoustic telemetry from November 2004 to June 2009. Twenty adult lake whitefish were tagged with acoustic tags that had either a depth sensor or both depth and temperature sensors to assess vertical habitat use at a seasonal and daily resolution. Vertical habitat selection varied seasonally and was strongly influenced by temperature. Between December and April, when the lake was covered with ice, surface temperature was below 2 degrees C and tagged individuals occupied deep areas of the lake (similar to 15 m). After ice-out, fish ascended into shallow waters (similar to 5 m), responding to increased water temperature and possibly to greater foraging opportunity. When surface water temperatures exceeded 20 degrees C, fish descended below the developing thermocline (similar to 9 m), where they remained until surface temperatures fell below 20 degrees C; fish then ascended into shallower depths, presumably for feeding and spawning. Through the winter, fish remained in thermal habitats that were warmer than the surface temperatures; in the summer, they selected depths with thermal habitats below 15 degrees C. Though the amplitude varied greatly across seasons, lake whitefish displayed a strong diurnal pattern of activity as measured by vertical velocities. Fish were twofold more active during spring, summer, and fall than during winter. Lake whitefish exhibited diel vertical migrations, rising in the water column during nighttime and occupying deeper waters during the day. This pattern was more pronounced in the spring and fall and far less prominent during winter and summer. The strong linkage between temperature and habitat use may limit the current range of lake whitefish and may be directly impacted by climatic change.
C1 [Gorsky, Dimitry] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lower Great Lakes Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Amherst, NY 14228 USA.
[Zydlewski, Joseph] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Basley, David] Ashland Reg Headquarters, Maine Dept Inland Fisheries & Wildlife, Ashland, ME 04732 USA.
RP Gorsky, D (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lower Great Lakes Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 405 N French Rd,Suite 120A, Amherst, NY 14228 USA.
EM dimitry_gorsky@fws.gov
FU Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife; U.S. Geological
Survey, Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Department of
Wildlife Ecology, University of Maine
FX We would like to extend our appreciation to Peter Bourque and John
Boland (Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife) for their
cooperation and support for this project. Frank Frost and Derrick Cote
(Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife) provided invaluable
field support in fish collection, tagging, and travel assistance, and we
also thank Michael Bailey and Silas Ratten for field assistance. This
research was supported by the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and
Wildlife; the U.S. Geological Survey, Maine Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit; and the Department of Wildlife Ecology,
University of Maine. Mention of trade names does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PY 2012
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UT WOS:000306462100018
ER
PT J
AU Pothoven, SA
Bunnell, DB
Madenjian, CP
Gorman, OT
Roseman, EF
AF Pothoven, Steven A.
Bunnell, David B.
Madenjian, Charles P.
Gorman, Owen T.
Roseman, Edward F.
TI Energy Density of Bloaters in the Upper Great Lakes
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID COREGONUS-HOYI GILL; LONG-TERM TRENDS; FISH COMMUNITY; MYSIS-RELICTA;
CRUSTACEAN ZOOPLANKTON; DIPOREIA SPP.; BODY-SIZE; MICHIGAN; SUPERIOR;
HURON
AB We evaluated the energy density of bloaters Coregonus hoyi as a function of fish size across Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Superior in 2008-2009 and assessed how differences in energy density are related to factors such as biomass density of bloaters and availability of prey. Additional objectives were to compare energy density between sexes and to compare energy densities of bloaters in Lake Michigan between two time periods (1998-2001 and 2008-2009). For the cross-lake comparisons in 2008, energy density increased with fish total length (TL) only in Lake Michigan. Mean energy density adjusted for fish size was 8% higher in bloaters from Lake Superior than in bloaters from Lake Huron. Relative to fish in these two lakes, small (<125 mm TL) bloaters from Lake Michigan had lower energy density, whereas large (>175 mm TL) bloaters had higher energy density. In 2009, energy density increased with bloater size, and mean energy density adjusted for fish size was about 9% higher in Lake Michigan than in Lake Huron (Lake Superior was not sampled during 2009). Energy density of bloaters in Lake Huron was generally the lowest among lakes, reflecting the relatively low densities of opossum shrimp Mysis diluviana and the relatively high biomass of bloaters reported for that lake. Other factors, such as energy content of prey, growing season, or ontogenetic differences in energy use strategies, may also influence cross-lake variation in energy density. Mean energy density adjusted for length was 7% higher for female bloaters than for male bloaters in Lakes Michigan and Huron. In Lake Superior, energy density did not differ between males and females. Finally, energy density of bloaters in Lake Michigan was similar between the periods 2008-2009 and 1998-2001, possibly due to a low population abundance of bloaters, which could offset food availability changes linked to the loss of prey such as the amphipods Diporeia spp.
C1 [Pothoven, Steven A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
[Bunnell, David B.; Madenjian, Charles P.; Roseman, Edward F.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Gorman, Owen T.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
RP Pothoven, SA (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 1431 Beach St, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
EM steve.pothoven@noaa.gov
OI Bunnell, David/0000-0003-3521-7747; Roseman, Edward/0000-0002-5315-9838;
Pothoven, Steven/0000-0002-7992-5422
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J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 3
BP 772
EP 780
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.675911
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SC Fisheries
GA 974UE
UT WOS:000306462100019
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PT J
AU Kohler, AE
Pearsons, TN
Zendt, JS
Mesa, MG
Johnson, CL
Connolly, PJ
AF Kohler, Andre E.
Pearsons, Todd N.
Zendt, Joseph S.
Mesa, Matthew G.
Johnson, Christopher L.
Connolly, Patrick J.
TI Nutrient Enrichment with Salmon Carcass Analogs in the Columbia River
Basin, USA: A Stream Food Web Analysis
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE-DERIVED NUTRIENTS; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; PACIFIC SALMON;
FRESH-WATER; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; DISSOLVED
NUTRIENTS; RESIDENT SALMONIDS; STABLE-ISOTOPES; SPAWNING SALMON
AB Anadromous fishes represent an important ecosystem linkage between marine and inland aquatic and terrestrial habitats. These fishes carry organic matter and marine-derived nutrient (MDN) subsidies across a vast landscape, often with profound influences on recipient ecosystem food web structure and function. In the Columbia River basin, century-long declines in the abundance of anadromous fish populations have focused attention on potential mitigation efforts to address MDN deficits. In this study, we evaluate components of the stream food web response (periphyton, macroinvertebrate, and fish) to pasteurized salmon carcass analog (SCA) treatments in 15 streams across the Columbia River basin. Periphyton standing crop, macroinvertebrate density, and salmonid fish growth rates and stomach fullness measures increased following the addition of SCA. We found no significant change in dissolved nutrient concentrations after treatment, suggesting that biological demand exceeded supply. Nitrogen stable isotope signatures confirmed trophic transfer from SCA to lower trophic levels but were noticeably weak in fish tissue samples despite our marked growth and stomach fullness measures. These data indicate that SCA has the potential to increase the productivity of nutrient-limited freshwater ecosystems and may provide a nutrient mitigation tool in ecosystems where MDNs are severely limited or unavailable.
C1 [Kohler, Andre E.] Shoshone Bannock Tribes, Dept Fish & Wildlife, Ft Hall, ID 83203 USA.
[Pearsons, Todd N.; Johnson, Christopher L.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Zendt, Joseph S.] Yakama Nation Fisheries, Klickitat Field Off, Klickitat, WA 98628 USA.
[Mesa, Matthew G.; Connolly, Patrick J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Kohler, AE (reprint author), Shoshone Bannock Tribes, Dept Fish & Wildlife, POB 306, Ft Hall, ID 83203 USA.
EM akohler@sbtribes.com
FU Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) [2001-055-00, 5636]
FX We thank Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) for funding this work
under an Innovative Project 2001-055-00, Contract 5636. We thank Peter
Lofy for administering the BPA contract. We also thank Bio-Oregon for
producing the analogs. Many people contributed substantially to the
accomplishment of the projects including: Kenneth Ariwite, Robert
Trahant, Doug Taki, Anthony Fritts, Gabriel Temple, Phillip Smith,
Natalia Pitts, Neal Burres, Sandy Pinkham, Rodger Begay, Isadore
Honanie, Roger Stahi, William Wesley, Chelsey Moss, Bill Flett, Ernie
Reynolds, Rolf Evenson, Bill Sharp, Cynthia Magie, Craig Robinson,
Elizabeth Copeland, Tony Meyer, Nello Picinich, Sheila North, and Kurt
Carpenter. Thanks are extended to Kathy Krogslund for conducting the
water chemistry analyses. We thank Andy Albaugh from the National Marine
Fisheries Service laboratory for preparing the isotope samples and
calculating AFDM of the periphyton samples. We also thank the University
of Alaska for sampling tissues for isotopes. The work benefited from
discussions with Hal Michael, Ken Ashley, Bert Lewis, Beth Sanderson,
Bob Bilby, Robert Roley, and Peter Kiffney. Michael Kohler, Heather Ray,
and Aren Eddingsaas provided comments that improved the manuscript.
Anonymous reviewers and Ernest Keeley provided valuable statistical
guidance.
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SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 3
BP 802
EP 824
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.676380
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GA 974UE
UT WOS:000306462100022
ER
PT J
AU Drinan, DP
Zale, AV
Webb, MAH
Shepard, BB
Kalinowski, ST
AF Drinan, Daniel P.
Zale, Alexander V.
Webb, Molly A. H.
Shepard, Bradley B.
Kalinowski, Steven T.
TI Evidence of Local Adaptation in Westslope Cutthroat Trout
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC SALMON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RAINBOW-TROUT; POPULATIONS;
TEMPERATURE; EXTINCTION; WILD; RECOVERY
AB An understanding of the process of local adaptation would allow managers to better protect and conserve species. Many salmonids are in need of such efforts, and because they often persist in differing, isolated environments, they are useful organisms for studying local adaptation. In addition, the temperature sensitivity of salmonids provides a likely target for natural selection. We studied thermal adaptation in four wild populations and one hatchery stock of westslope cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi. The mean summer temperatures of source streams ranged from 6.7 degrees C to 11.2 degrees C. Embryos were collected from the wild, and embryonic development, embryonic survival, and juvenile growth were determined. A significant relationship between median embryonic survival and source stream temperature was detected. Based on a rank test, populations from colder streams had a greater decline in median embryonic survival at warm temperatures than populations from warmer streams. Embryonic development and juvenile growth did not appear to be influenced by source. These findings suggest that populations are thermally adapted to their source streams and this should be considered by managers. However, further study is necessary to sort out the potential confounding factors, whether genetic or epigenetic.
C1 [Drinan, Daniel P.; Shepard, Bradley B.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Zale, Alexander V.] US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Webb, Molly A. H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Drinan, DP (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM ddrinan@uw.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0717456]
FX This project was funded by the National Science Foundation under grant
DEB 0717456. Thanks to Chris Clancy, Lee Nelson, and Dave Moser, Montana
Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Thanks to Chris Hooley, Jason Ilgen, Aaron
Nistler, and Matt Toner, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Thanks to Tessa
Andrews, Mathew Gjukis, Jennifer Ard, Clinton Smith, and Alex Hopkins,
Montana State University. The use of trade names or products does not
constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 4
BP 872
EP 880
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.675907
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 974UI
UT WOS:000306462500002
ER
PT J
AU Lacroix, GL
Knox, D
Sheehan, TF
Renkawitz, MD
Bartron, ML
AF Lacroix, Gilles L.
Knox, Derek
Sheehan, Timothy F.
Renkawitz, Mark D.
Bartron, Meredith L.
TI Distribution of U.S. Atlantic Salmon Postsmolts in the Gulf of Maine
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MIGRATORY BEHAVIOR; POST-SMOLTS; SALAR; SURVIVAL; POPULATIONS; HABITAT;
ORIGINS; GROWTH; FUNDY; BAY
AB Atlantic salmon Salmo salar of U.S. hatchery origin were captured as postsmolts by surface trawling during spatial surveys in late May to mid-June in the northeastern Gulf of Maine in 2002 and 2003. Most marked and unmarked postsmolts were from the Penobscot River, but some were also from the Dennys and other rivers of the Gulf of Maine. The capture rate of stocked smolts was very low(<= 0.01%), and it was highest for marked smolts from known rivers and proportional to numbers stocked. Marked postsmolts were caught 16-43 d after their release as smolts and 89-240 km from their river of origin. The rate of migration from different rivers differed and varied annually, and it accounted for some of the observed differences in capture rate. The weight of postsmolts from known rivers was greater than at smolt stocking and river exit, indicating early marine growth. The distribution of U.S. postsmolts from different rivers was similar, and they were often caught together, as were those from the same river. As a result of this close association during migration, postsmolt catches were aggregated at a few adjacent locations in several areas of the Gulf of Maine. Postsmolts crossing the Gulf of Maine were found east of Jordan Basin and most were along a corridor near shore at the eastern edge of the area surveyed along the southwest coast of Nova Scotia, Canada. Postsmolts of U.S. origin were found in areas used by other salmon populations also leaving the Bay of Fundy during May and June. This seasonal occurrence in a specific coastal area provides an opportunity to manage activities within that corridor to mitigate potential losses of Atlantic salmon from endangered and threatened populations in North America.
C1 [Lacroix, Gilles L.; Knox, Derek] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Biol Stn, St Andrews, NB E5B 2L9, Canada.
[Sheehan, Timothy F.; Renkawitz, Mark D.] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Atlantic Salmon Res & Conservat Task, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Bartron, Meredith L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, NE Fishery Ctr, Lamar, PA 16848 USA.
RP Lacroix, GL (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Biol Stn, 531 Brandy Cove Rd, St Andrews, NB E5B 2L9, Canada.
EM gilles.lacroix@dfo-mpo.gc.ca
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PY 2012
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BP 934
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DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.675915
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PT J
AU Evans, AF
Hostetter, NJ
Roby, DD
Collis, K
Lyons, DE
Sandford, BP
Ledgerwood, RD
Sebring, S
AF Evans, Allen F.
Hostetter, Nathan J.
Roby, Daniel D.
Collis, Ken
Lyons, Donald E.
Sandford, Benjamin P.
Ledgerwood, Richard D.
Sebring, Scott
TI Systemwide Evaluation of Avian Predation on Juvenile Salmonids from the
Columbia River Based on Recoveries of Passive Integrated Transponder
Tags
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CASPIAN TERNS; CHINOOK SALMON; ESTUARY; COLONY; RESERVOIR;
VULNERABILITY; DIET
AB We recovered passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags from nine piscivorous waterbird colonies in the Columbia River basin to evaluate avian predation on Endangered Species Act (ESA)-listed salmonid Oncorhynchus spp. populations during 2007-2010. Avian predation rates were calculated based on the percentage of PIT-tagged juvenile salmonids that were detected as passing hydroelectric dams and subsequently were consumed and deposited by birds on their nesting colonies. Caspian terns Hydroprogne caspia (hereafter, "terns") and double-crested cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus (hereafter, "cormorants") nesting on East Sand Island in the Columbia River estuary consumed the highest proportions of available PIT-tagged salmonids, with minimum predation rates ranging from 2.5% for Willamette River spring Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha to 16.0% for Snake River steelhead O. mykiss. Estimated predation rates by terns, cormorants, gulls of two species (California gull Larus californicus and ring-billed gull L. delawarensis), and American white pelicans Pelecanus erythrorhynchos nesting near the confluence of the Snake and Columbia rivers were also substantial; minimum predation rates ranged from 1.4% for Snake River fall Chinook salmon to 13.2% for upper Columbia River steelhead. Predation on ESA-listed salmonids by gulls and American white pelicans were minor (<2.0% per ESA-listed salmonid population) relative to predation by terns and cormorants. Cumulative impacts were greater for Snake River and upper Columbia River salmonids than for salmonids originating closer to the estuary because upriver salmonids must migrate past more bird colonies to reach the ocean. Predation rates adjusted for colony size (per capita rates) were significantly higher for terns and cormorants nesting at inland colonies (upstream of Bonneville Dam) than for those nesting in the estuary, suggesting that inland colonies have a greater reliance on salmonids as a food source. Management actions to increase salmonid survival by reducing avian predation in the estuary could be offset if birds that disperse from the estuary relocate to inland nesting sites on or near the Columbia River.
C1 [Evans, Allen F.; Hostetter, Nathan J.; Collis, Ken] Real Time Res Inc, Bend, OR 97702 USA.
[Roby, Daniel D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Sandford, Benjamin P.; Ledgerwood, Richard D.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Sebring, Scott] Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Portland, OR 97202 USA.
RP Collis, K (reprint author), Real Time Res Inc, 52 SW Roosevelt Ave, Bend, OR 97702 USA.
EM ken@realtimeresearch.com
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Walla Walla District; Bonneville
Power Administration (BPA); USACE Portland District; Bureau of
Reclamation; Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, Oregon State
University [3718]
FX This project was funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)
Walla Walla District with additional support from the Bonneville Power
Administration (BPA), the USACE Portland District, and the Bureau of
Reclamation. We especially thank Scott Dunmire, Rebecca Kalamasz, David
Trachtenbarg, and Paul Schmidt (USACE) and John Skidmore (BPA) for their
assistance and support. We are grateful to Dave Marvin of the Pacific
States Marine Fisheries Commission for providing information on PIT tag
releases in the region via PTAGIS; Brad Ryan, an important collaborator
during the early phases of the project; Manuela Huso and Nick Som for
providing consultation on the statistical methods used to estimate
predation rates; and our field crews and field crew coordinators,
particularly Brad Cramer, Pete Loschl, Jessica Adkins, James Tennyson,
and Melissa Carper, for their valuable contributions to this study. The
mention of trade or product names does not constitute endorsement by the
U.S. Government. The study was performed under the auspices of the
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, Oregon State University
(Animal Care and Use Protocol Number 3718).
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PY 2012
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EP 989
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.676809
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PT J
AU Zeigler, MP
Todd, AS
Caldwell, CA
AF Zeigler, Matthew P.
Todd, Andrew S.
Caldwell, Colleen A.
TI Evidence of Recent Climate Change within the Historic Range of Rio
Grande Cutthroat Trout: Implications for Management and Future
Persistence
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; TEMPERATURE; POPULATIONS; HABITAT;
STREAMS; LIFE; CONSEQUENCES; TRENDS; FLOW
AB Evidence of anthropogenically influenced climate change has motivated natural resource managers to incorporate adaptive measures to minimize risks to sensitive and threatened species. Detecting trends in climate variables (i.e., air temperature and hydrology) can serve as a valuable management tool for protecting vulnerable species by increasing our understanding of localized conditions and trends. The Rio Grande cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis has suffered a severe decline in its historical distribution, with the majority of current populations persisting in isolated headwater streams. To evaluate recent climate change within the subspecies' historical range, we examined trends in average air temperatures, biologically important hydrological variables (timing of snowmelt and seasonal flows), and the April 1 snow water equivalent over the last 45 years (1963-2007). While rates of change in all three metrics were variable across sites, rangewide patterns were evident. Across the subspecies' historical range, average annual air temperatures increased (0.29 degrees C per decade) and the timing of snowmelt shifted 10.6 d earlier in the year (2.3 d/decade). Flows increased during biologically important periods, including winter (January 1-March 31; 6.6% increase per decade), prespawning (April 1-May 14; 6.9% increase per decade), and spawning (May 15-June 15; 4.2% increase per decade) and decreased in summer (June 16-September 15; 1.9% decrease per decade). Evidence of decreasing April 1 snow water equivalent (5.3% per decade) was also observed. While the impacts of these changes at the population level are equivocal, it is likely that negative effects would influence the subspecies by altering its distribution, decreasing available habitat, and altering the timing of important life history components. Continued monitoring and proactive management will be required to increase the resiliency of remaining populations to ensure long-term persistence and protection in a changing climate.
C1 [Zeigler, Matthew P.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Todd, Andrew S.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Caldwell, Colleen A.] New Mexico State Univ, US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Zeigler, MP (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, 2980 S Espina St, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM zeiglerm@nmsu.edu
FU USGS Science Support Partnership; USGS Climate Change and Wildlife
Science Center; TE, Inc.; Agriculture Experiment Station and Department
of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Ecology at New Mexico State
University
FX Funding for this research was provided by the USGS Science Support
Partnership, the USGS Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center, and
T&E, Inc. Additional support was provided by the Agriculture Experiment
Station and Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Ecology at
New Mexico State University. We also thank M. Myers and S. Oetker for
valuable insight and assistance, and we thank W. R. Gould for providing
a critical review. This manuscript was substantially improved by
comments from three anonymous reviewers and the associate editor. Any
use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PT J
AU Petty, JT
Hansbarger, JL
Huntsman, BM
Mazik, PM
AF Petty, J. Todd
Hansbarger, Jeff L.
Huntsman, Brock M.
Mazik, Patricia M.
TI Brook Trout Movement in Response to Temperature, Flow, and Thermal
Refugia within a Complex Appalachian Riverscape
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID JUVENILE BROWN TROUT; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; HABITAT USE; BEHAVIORAL
THERMOREGULATION; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; RESTRICTED MOVEMENT; STREAM
FISH; CHINOOK SALMON; COHO SALMON; BULL TROUT
AB We quantified movements of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and brown trout Salmo trutta in a complex riverscape characterized by a large, open-canopy main stem and a small, closed-canopy tributary in eastern West Virginia, USA. Our objectives were to quantify the overall rate of trout movement and relate movement behaviors to variation in streamflow, water temperature, and access to coldwater refugia. The study area experienced extremely high seasonal, yearly, and among-stream variability in water temperature and flow. The relative mobility of brook trout within the upper Shavers Fork watershed varied significantly depending on whether individuals resided within the larger main stem or the smaller tributary. The movement rate of trout inhabiting the main stem during summer months (50 m/d) was an order of magnitude higher than that of tributary fish (2 m/d). Movement rates of main-stem-resident brook trout during summer were correlated with the maximum water temperature experienced by the fish and with the fish's initial distance from a known coldwater source. For main-stem trout, use of microhabitats closer to cover was higher during extremely warm periods than during cooler periods; use of microhabitats closer to cover during warm periods was also greater for main-stem trout than for tributary inhabitants. Main-stem-resident trout were never observed in water exceeding 19.5 degrees C. Our study provides some of the first data on brook trout movements in a large Appalachian river system and underscores the importance of managing trout fisheries in a riverscape context. Brook trout conservation in this region will depend on restoration and protection of coldwater refugia in larger river main stems as well as removal of barriers to trout movement near tributary and main-stem confluences.
C1 [Petty, J. Todd; Hansbarger, Jeff L.; Huntsman, Brock M.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Mazik, Patricia M.] W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, W Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Petty, JT (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, POB 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM jtpetty@mail.wvu.edu
FU West Virginia Division of Natural Resources; U.S. Geological Survey;
Trout Unlimited
FX We thank the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources, U.S.
Geological Survey, and Trout Unlimited for financially supporting this
study. Comments from Kyle Hartman greatly improved earlier versions of
this manuscript. We also thank Mike Shingleton and Steve Brown from the
West Virginia Division of Natural Resources for sharing their expertise
and ideas. As always, we are grateful to Becky Nestor for her
administrative support of this project. Use of trade names does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
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BP 1060
EP 1073
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.681102
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PT J
AU Atcheson, ME
Myers, KW
Beauchamp, DA
Mantua, NJ
AF Atcheson, Margaret E.
Myers, Katherine W.
Beauchamp, David A.
Mantua, Nathan J.
TI Bioenergetic Response by Steelhead to Variation in Diet, Thermal
Habitat, and Climate in the North Pacific Ocean
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT SALMO-GAIRDNERI; SIZE-SELECTIVE MORTALITY; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS;
KEOGH RIVER; PERIOD HYPOTHESIS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; BACK-CALCULATION;
MARINE SURVIVAL; PINK SALMON; GROWTH
AB Energetic responses of steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss to climate-driven changes inmarine conditions are expected to affect the species' ocean distribution, feeding, growth, and survival. With a unique 18-year data series (1991-2008) for steelhead sampled in the open ocean, we simulated interannual variation in prey consumption and growth efficiency of steelhead using a bioenergetics model to evaluate the temperature-dependent growth response of steelhead to past climate events and to estimate growth potential of steelhead under future climate scenarios. Our results showed that annual ocean growth of steelhead is highly variable depending on prey quality, consumption rates, total consumption, and thermal experience. At optimal growing temperatures, steelhead can compensate for a low-energy diet by increasing consumption rates and consuming more prey, if available. Our findings suggest that steelhead have a narrow temperature window in which to achieve optimal growth, which is strongly influenced by climate-driven changes in ocean temperature.
C1 [Atcheson, Margaret E.; Myers, Katherine W.; Beauchamp, David A.; Mantua, Nathan J.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Beauchamp, David A.] US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Myers, KW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM kwmyers@uw.edu
FU NOAA [50ABNF1-00027, 50ABNF4-00001, 52ABNF7-00003, 50-ABNF-0-00008,
50-ABNF-1-0002]; Washington Sea Grant Program, University of Washington
[NA070AR4170007, R/F-160]; Wild Steelhead Coalition; U.S. Geological
Survey; University of Washington, Washington Departments of Ecology,
Fish and Wildlife, and Natural Resources; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; Wildlife Institute
FX Many people contributed to high seas steelhead research over the past 20
years. We especially acknowledge the Fisheries Agency of Japan, Hokkaido
University, and the captains, officers, crew, scientists, and students
aboard the RV Wakatake maru and TS Oshoro maru. We give special
recognition to Masaaki Fukuwaka, Nancy D. Davis, Robert V. Walker, and
Masahide Kaeriyama for the shipboard collection of steelhead biological
samples and data, aging of scales, analysis of stomach contents, and
development and management of biological databases. Robert V. Walker
measured scales of Oshoro maru steelhead samples used in our analyses.
Support for participation by University of Washington scientists in
Wakatake maru (1991-2005) and Oshoro maru (1991-2002) research cruises
was provided by NOAA contracts 50ABNF1-00027, 50ABNF4-00001,
52ABNF7-00003, 50-ABNF-0-00008, and 50-ABNF-1-0002. In 2007-2010, our
research was supported by a grant from the Washington Sea Grant Program,
University of Washington, pursuant to NOAA Award Number NA070AR4170007,
Project Number R/F-160. The views expressed herein are those of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or any of its
subagencies. The Fisheries Research Agency of Japan contributed
substantially by providing in-kind matching (ship time) for steelhead
research aboard the Wakatake maru in 2007-2009. We thank the Wild
Steelhead Coalition for their 2009 scholarship to the School of Aquatic
Sciences, University of Washington, in support of graduate student (M.
Atcheson) research on steelhead. The Washington Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Unit is jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey;
University of Washington, Washington Departments of Ecology, Fish and
Wildlife, and Natural Resources; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; and the
Wildlife Institute. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. Two
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 4
BP 1081
EP 1096
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.675914
PG 16
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 974UI
UT WOS:000306462500019
ER
PT J
AU Raabe, JK
Bozek, MA
AF Raabe, Joshua K.
Bozek, Michael A.
TI Quantity, Structure, and Habitat Selection of Natural Spawning Reefs by
Walleyes in a North Temperate Lake: A Multiscale Analysis
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID WISCONSIN LAKES; EGGS; ONTARIO; SUCCESS; RIVER
AB Spawning habitat, the cornerstone of self-sustaining, naturally reproducing walleye Sander vitreus populations, has received limited quantitative research. Our goal was to quantitatively describe the structure and quantity of natural walleye spawning habitat and evaluate potential selection of habitat in Big Crooked Lake, Wisconsin. In 2004 and 2005, we located and delineated walleye egg deposition polygons through visual snorkel and scuba surveys. We also delineated recently deposited, adhesive egg patches daily along one spawning reef in 2005. To determine habitat selection, we quantified and compared spawning and lakewide available habitat at different scales. In both years, walleyes used similar spawning habitat, including three geomorphic types: linear shorelines, a point bar, and an island. Walleyes used only 14% of the entire lake shoreline and 39% of the shoreline comprised of gravel (6.4-76.0 mm), cobble (76.1-149.9 mm), or coarser substrates for spawning in 2005, indicating selection of specific spawning habitat. Lakewide, walleyes spawned close to shore (outer egg deposition polygon boundary mean distance = 2.7 m), in shallow water (outer egg deposition polygon boundary mean depth = 0.3 m), and over gravel substrate (percent coverage mean = 64.3) having low embeddedness (mean = 1.30). Our best nearshore (0-13-m) resource selection function predicted an increase in the relative probability of egg deposition with the increasing abundance of gravel, cobble, and rubble (150.0-303.9-mm) substrates and a decrease with increasing distance from shore and water depth (89.9% overall correct classification). Adhesive egg patches confirmed that walleyes actively chose nearshore, shallow-water, and coarse-substrate spawning habitat. The quantitative habitat information and predictive models will assist biologists in developing walleye spawning reef protection strategies and potentially aid in designing and evaluating artificial spawning reefs.
C1 [Bozek, Michael A.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
RP Raabe, JK (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM joshua.raabe@gmail.com
FU Dairymen's, Inc.
FX We thank S. Newman for information on the walleye population in Big
Crooked Lake. Field technicians J. Lindloff, A. Hentz, and J. Musch
greatly assisted with data collection. Dairymen's, Inc., kindly provided
funding, lake access, and use of their facilities. J. VanDeHey provided
helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript, and W. Smith
offered statistical assistance. The use of trade names or products does
not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 4
BP 1097
EP 1108
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.679017
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 974UI
UT WOS:000306462500020
ER
PT J
AU Daanen, RP
Grosse, G
Darrow, MM
Hamilton, TD
Jones, BM
AF Daanen, R. P.
Grosse, G.
Darrow, M. M.
Hamilton, T. D.
Jones, B. M.
TI Rapid movement of frozen debris-lobes: implications for permafrost
degradation and slope instability in the south-central Brooks Range,
Alaska
SO NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERNATIONAL POLAR YEAR; FIREWEED ROCK GLACIER; SWISS ALPS; HOLOCENE
GLACIATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTH-AMERICA; ARCTIC ALASKA; THERMAL STATE;
CENTRAL-ASIA; SEA-LEVEL
AB We present the results of a reconnaissance investigation of unusual debris mass-movement features on permafrost slopes that pose a potential infrastructure hazard in the south-central Brooks Range, Alaska. For the purpose of this paper, we describe these features as frozen debris-lobes. We focus on the characterisation of frozen debris-lobes as indicators of various movement processes using ground-based surveys, remote sensing, field and laboratory measurements, and time-lapse observations of frozen debris-lobe systems along the Dalton Highway. Currently, some frozen debris-lobes exceed 100m in width, 20m in height and 1000m in length. Our results indicate that frozen debris-lobes have responded to climate change by becoming increasingly active during the last decades, resulting in rapid downslope movement. Movement indicators observed in the field include toppling trees, slumps and scarps, detachment slides, striation marks on frozen sediment slabs, recently buried trees and other vegetation, mudflows, and large cracks in the lobe surface. The type and diversity of observed indicators suggest that the lobes likely consist of a frozen debris core, are subject to creep, and seasonally unfrozen surface sediment is transported in warm seasons by creep, slumping, viscous flow, blockfall and leaching of fines, and in cold seasons by creep and sliding of frozen sediment slabs. Ground-based measurements on one frozen debris-lobe over three years (2008-2010) revealed average movement rates of approximately 1 cm day(-1), which is substantially larger than rates measured in historic aerial photography from the 1950s to 1980s. We discuss how climate change may further influence frozen debris-lobe dynamics, potentially accelerating their movement. We highlight the potential direct hazard that one of the studied frozen debris-lobes may pose in the coming years and decades to the nearby Trans Alaska Pipeline System and the Dalton Highway, the main artery for transportation between Interior Alaska and the North Slope.
C1 [Daanen, R. P.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Inst No Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Grosse, G.] Univ Alaska Fairbank, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Darrow, M. M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst No Engn, Min & Geol Engn Dept, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Hamilton, T. D.; Jones, B. M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Daanen, RP (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Inst No Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM rdaanen@alaska.edu
RI Grosse, Guido/F-5018-2011
OI Grosse, Guido/0000-0001-5895-2141
FU Alaska Experimental Programme to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR)
programme; National Science Foundation
FX We would like to thank Wilfried Haeberli and Bernd Etzelmuller for their
reviews of this paper. The 2008 reconnaissance study of frozen
debris-lobes was supported by the Alaska Experimental Programme to
Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) programme with funds awarded to
R. P. Daanen. Differential Global Positioning System data from 2008 was
partially collected with a device from UNAVCO, a science support
consortium, which is supported by National Science Foundation. High
resolution satellite data and an IfSAR DEM were provided by the US
Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
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PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1561-8633
J9 NAT HAZARD EARTH SYS
JI Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 5
BP 1521
EP 1537
DI 10.5194/nhess-12-1521-2012
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA 966IF
UT WOS:000305830400004
ER
PT J
AU Steiner, AR
Browne, BL
Nye, CJ
AF Steiner, Arron R.
Browne, Brandon L.
Nye, Christopher J.
TI Quenched mafic inclusions in <= 2200 years BP deposits at Augustine
Volcano, Alaska
SO INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Augustine Volcano; magma mixing; quenched mafic inclusions; Aleutian
Arc; Cook Inlet
ID ARC VOLCANOS; MAGMA; ERUPTION; EVOLUTION; ROCKS; STORAGE; EVENTS; UNZEN
AB This article describes results from morphological, textural, mineralogical, and compositional analyses of lava clasts and quenched mafic inclusions from 10 Holocene debris-avalanche deposits (2200-125 years B. P.) that form the lower flanks of Augustine Volcano, Alaska. Mafic inclusions collected from the Rocky Point pyroclastic-flow deposit emplaced during the 2006 eruption are included for comparison. All deposits contain evidence for mixing between basalt and high-silica andesite prior to and during eruption, including compositional banding, disequilibria phenocryst assemblages, linear variation in major-and trace-element concentrations, and quenched mafic inclusions (51.3-57.3 wt.% SiO2) hosted by andesite lavas (59.1-62.6 wt.% SiO2). Generally, inclusions from all deposits share many morphologic and petrologic characteristics. Inclusions range in diameter from < 1 to > 36 cm, although 87% of the 959 inclusions analysed are less than 5 cm in diameter. Mafic inclusions account for an average of 8 vol.% of host andesitic lava clasts included in the oldest debris-avalanche deposits compared with subsequently emplaced deposits that contain an average of only 1-3 vol.%. Inclusions contain phenocrysts of plagioclase, amphibole, clinopyroxene, olivine, and rare orthopyroxene as well as microphenocrysts of plagioclase, amphibole, clinopyroxene, olivine, magnetite, ilmenite, and apatite in a glassy, vesicular, and acicular groundmass. Plagioclase phenocrysts in inclusions typically have a 30-150 mu m-thick, fine-grained 'dusty sieved' rim superimposed over oscillatory zoned texture, suggesting that they existed in the host andesite magma prior to basaltic intrusion, but were engulfed during the intrusion and inclusion formation process. Mafic inclusions are calc-alkaline, low-K (0.45-0.82 wt.% K2O) basalts to basaltic andesites that are altogether different in terms of mineralogy and composition from olivine basalt contained in late Pleistocene-age fragmental deposits described by Plank et al. (2006, The Augustine basalt: Eos (American Geophysical Union Transactions), v. 87, Abstract V42B-06) and Larsen et al. (2010, Petrology and geochemistry of the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, in Power, J.A., Coombs, M. L., and Freymueller, J. T., eds., The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska: US Geological Survey Professional Paper 1769). Thus, the most reliable approximation of the basaltic endmember composition involved in magma mixing processes at Augustine Volcano over the past similar to 2200 years are the most mafic inclusions, which consistently possess the (1) highest abundance of vesicles, (2) fewest number of phenocryst-sized plagioclase, and (3) largest volume of microlites compared with more contaminated inclusions.
C1 [Browne, Brandon L.] Calif State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA.
[Steiner, Arron R.] Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Nye, Christopher J.] Alaska Div Geol & Geophys Surveys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
RP Browne, BL (reprint author), Calif State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA.
EM bbrowne@fullerton.edu
FU California State University, Fullerton Office of Grants and Contracts
FX First and foremost we thank the Alaska Volcanic Observatory Michelle
Coombs in particular - for intellectual and logistical assistance in the
field on Augustine Island during the 2008 campaign. We also thank
Richard Conrey, Diane Johnson Cornelius, and Charles Knaack at
Washington State University for their assistance in whole rock
geochemical analysis; Michael Van Ry and Michelle Vitale at California
State University; Fullerton and Dale Burns at San Diego State University
for stimulating conversation regarding this research; and the California
State University, Fullerton Office of Grants and Contracts for their
financial support of petrographic thin section production.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0020-6814
J9 INT GEOL REV
JI Int. Geol. Rev.
PY 2012
VL 54
IS 11
BP 1241
EP 1270
DI 10.1080/00206814.2011.636641
PG 30
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 970HP
UT WOS:000306119300002
ER
PT J
AU Lee, CW
Lu, Z
Jung, HS
AF Lee, Chang-Wook
Lu, Zhong
Jung, Hyung-Sup
TI Simulation of time-series surface deformation to validate a
multi-interferogram InSAR processing technique
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID SATELLITE RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; SUBSIDENCE; DYNAMICS; VOLCANO; ALASKA
AB A refined, small baseline subset (SBAS) interferometric synthetic aperture (InSAR) method has been developed to estimate time-series surface deformation through fusion of multi-interferogram processing. Using a synthetic data set that takes into account two time-varying deformation sources, topography-induced errors, atmospheric delay anomalies, orbital errors and temporal decorrelation, all of which are based on realistic ERS-1/ERS-2 SAR image acquisition dates and baseline configuration over the Seguam volcano, Alaska, we assess the accuracy of the refined SBAS technique. Detailed comparison between SBAS-derived products, including time-series deformation maps, atmospheric delays and baseline errors with those of synthetic values, attest the robustness of the refined SBAS technique. The root mean square error of the mean deformation rate between the simulated and SBAS-retrieved is about 0.66 mm year(-1). Thus, the measurement accuracy of the refined SBAS method would be around 1 mm year(-1).
C1 [Jung, Hyung-Sup] Univ Seoul, Dept Geoinformat, Seoul 130743, South Korea.
[Lee, Chang-Wook] US Geol Survey, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Jung, HS (reprint author), Univ Seoul, Dept Geoinformat, Seoul 130743, South Korea.
EM hsjung@uos.ac.kr
RI chen, zhu/K-5923-2013;
OI Jung, Hyung-Sup/0000-0003-2335-8438
FU NASA Earth Surface and Interior Program [2005/0021]; USGS Volcano
Hazards Program; Korea Research Foundation Grant; Korean Government
(MOEHRD) [KRF-2006-511-C00122]
FX This research was supported by the NASA Earth Surface and Interior
Program (2005/0021), the USGS Volcano Hazards Program and the Korea
Research Foundation Grant, funded by the Korean Government (MOEHRD)
(KRF-2006-511-C00122). Any use of trade, product or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
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PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 22
BP 7075
EP 7087
DI 10.1080/01431161.2012.700137
PG 13
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 970GN
UT WOS:000306116200007
ER
PT J
AU Brignon, WR
Olson, DE
Peters, MH
Gutenberger, SK
AF Brignon, William R.
Olson, Douglas E.
Peters, Mary H.
Gutenberger, Susan K.
TI Baffled and Standard Raceways: A Comparison of Juvenile Spring Chinook
Salmon Performance and Smolt-to-Adult Survival
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID HATCHERY RACEWAYS; GROWTH; RATES; STEELHEAD; RETURN; RIVER
AB We compared on-station mortality, growth (mm), feed conversion, health parameters, and smolt-to-adult survival rate of spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha reared in baffled and standard (unbaffled) raceways. Fish reared in baffled raceways survived from release to adulthood at a rate 0.85 times that of fish reared in unbaffled raceways. There was no difference in percent on-station mortality (range, 0.00-0.001), health, or average length gained (1-12 mm) between fish reared in baffled and unbaffled raceways. Average feed conversion was constant (1.20-2.25) throughout the period of juvenile rearing and was similar between fish reared in baffled and unbaffled raceways, a finding supported by adiposomatic and hepatosomatic indices. Overall, we found similar on-station performance between fish reared in baffled and unbaffled raceways. The difference between SARs of fish reared in baffled versus unbaffled raceways was not statistically significant (P = 0.08). However, it is suggestive of a biological difference between the two treatments. The self-cleaning characteristics of baffled raceways free up a substantial amount of hatchery personnel time to attend to other duties, which ultimately reduces the annual operation budget for any facility. In the end, the self-cleaning feature of baffled raceways needs to be weighed against any advantage in adult survival of fish reared in unbaffled raceways.
C1 [Brignon, William R.; Olson, Douglas E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Peters, Mary H.; Gutenberger, Susan K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lower Columbia River Fish Hlth Ctr, Willard, WA 98605 USA.
RP Brignon, WR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, 1211 SE Cardinal Court,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM bill_brignon@fws.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Fisheries, Mitchell Act
FX We would like to acknowledge Speros Doulos, Jim Rockowski, Peter Long,
and Mary Bayer of Little White Salmon National Fish Hatchery for their
assistance. Steven L. Haeseker, Rodney O. Engle, and M. Brian Davis
assisted with data analysis. This study was supported through funding by
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Fisheries, Mitchell Act. References to trade names do not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions
in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily
represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
EI 1548-8454
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 3
BP 314
EP 319
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.676010
PG 6
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 970GL
UT WOS:000306116000006
ER
PT J
AU Colburn, HR
Walker, AB
Breton, TS
Stilwell, JM
Sidor, IF
Gannam, AL
Berlinsky, DL
AF Colburn, Heidi R.
Walker, Abigail B.
Breton, Timothy S.
Stilwell, Justin M.
Sidor, Inga F.
Gannam, Ann L.
Berlinsky, David L.
TI Partial Replacement of Fishmeal with Soybean Meal and Soy Protein
Concentrate in Diets of Atlantic Cod
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID GADUS-MORHUA L.; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; DISTAL INTESTINE; RAINBOW-TROUT;
ANTINUTRITIONAL FACTORS; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; PLANT-PROTEINS; FED
STANDARD; GROWTH; DIGESTIBILITY
AB Juvenile Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (initial weight = 24.1 +/- 1.4 g [mean +/- SE) were fed diets in which fish meal (FM) was replaced with soy protein concentrate (SPC) and soybean meal (SBM) in isonitrogenous, isocaloric diets for 84 d. A standard marine finfish diet (3 mm, 54% protein, 14% fat) was modified to produce four experimental diets in which 50% of FM was replaced with soy at 0:1, 1:1, or 1:2 ratios of SPC: SBM and 100% FM replacement with a 1:1 ratio of SPC:SBM. No differences in mortality or feed intake were detected among treatments, and fish fed the 50% FM replacement diets, in any combination, grew as well or better than the control for all variables investigated. Cod fed the 100% FM replacement diet exhibited the lowest growth and differed from the control with respect to final body weight, growth, specific growth rate, and thermal-unit growth coefficient. No enteritis was observed in histological sections. These results indicate that 100% fish meal replacement is not recommended, but 50% replacement can be used without significant reductions in growth or condition indices.
C1 [Colburn, Heidi R.; Walker, Abigail B.; Breton, Timothy S.; Berlinsky, David L.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Gannam, Ann L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
[Stilwell, Justin M.; Sidor, Inga F.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Mol Cellular & Biomed Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Berlinsky, DL (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM david.berlinsky@unh.edu
FU New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station; American Soybean Board
FX This research was funded by the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment
Station and the American Soybean Board. We thank Jonathan Bunker, Mark
Hagianis, Ryan Brown, Amanda Clapp, and Danielle Duquette for assistance
with fish husbandry. This is Scientific Contribution Number 2483 from
the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 3
BP 330
EP 337
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.676008
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 970GL
UT WOS:000306116000008
ER
PT J
AU Csargo, IJ
Brown, ML
Chipps, SR
AF Csargo, Isak J.
Brown, Michael L.
Chipps, Steven R.
TI Application of a Bioenergetics Model for Hatchery Production: Largemouth
Bass Fed Commercial Feeds
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROPTERUS-SALMOIDES; SMALLMOUTH BASS; LABORATORY EVALUATION; GROWTH
COEFFICIENT; RAINBOW-TROUT; FISH ECOLOGY; BODY-SIZE; TEMPERATURE;
CONSUMPTION; PROTEIN
AB Fish bioenergetics models based on natural prey items have been widely used to address research and management questions. However, few attempts have been made to evaluate and apply bioenergetics models to hatchery-reared fish receiving commercial feeds that contain substantially higher energy densities than natural prey. In this study, we evaluated a bioenergetics model for age-0 largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides reared on four commercial feeds. Largemouth bass (n approximate to 3,504) were reared for 70 d at 25 degrees C in sixteen 833-L circular tanks connected in parallel to a recirculation system. Model performance was evaluated using error components (mean, slope, and random) derived from decomposition of the mean square error obtained from regression of observed on predicted values. Mean predicted consumption was only 8.9% lower than mean observed consumption and was similar to error rates observed for largemouth bass consuming natural prey. Model evaluation showed that the 97.5% joint confidence region included the intercept of 0 (-0.43 +/- 3.65) and slope of 1 (1.08 +/- 0.20), which indicates the model accurately predicted consumption. Moreover model error was similar among feeds (P = 0.98), and most error was probably attributable to sampling error (unconsumed feed), underestimated predator energy densities, or consumption-dependent error, which is common in bioenergetics models. This bioenergetics model could provide a valuable tool in hatchery production of largemouth bass. Furthermore, we believe that bioenergetics modeling could be useful in aquaculture production, particularly for species lacking historical hatchery constants or conventional growth models.
C1 [Brown, Michael L.; Chipps, Steven R.] S Dakota State Univ, US Geol Survey, S Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resource Management,No Plains Biostress, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Brown, ML (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, US Geol Survey, S Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resource Management,No Plains Biostress, Box 2140B, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM michael.brown@sdstate.edu
FU Agricultural Experiment Station; Department of Natural Resource
Management, South Dakota State University, Brookings; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service Sport Fish Restoration Program Study [1512]; U.S.
Geological Survey; South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit; South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; South Dakota
Department of Game, Fish and Parks, South Dakota State University;
Wildlife Management Institute; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX The authors thank the Agricultural Experiment Station and the Department
of Natural Resource Management, South Dakota State University,
Brookings, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Sport Fish Restoration
Program Study No. 1512, the U.S. Geological Survey, South Dakota
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and the South Dakota
Department of Game, Fish and Parks for financial support and use of
equipment and facilities. This study was performed in compliance with
the South Dakota State University Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee (07-E016). The South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit is jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, South
Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, South Dakota State
University, the Wildlife Management Institute, and the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The authors
also thank Mike Barnes, the two anonymous reviewers, and the associate
editor at the North American Journal of Aquaculture for critical review
and comments on drafts of this manuscript.
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SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 3
BP 352
EP 359
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.675998
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 970GL
UT WOS:000306116000011
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, KR
Velasquez, A
Patterson, JT
Metts, LS
Webster, CD
Brady, YJ
Gannam, AL
Twibell, RG
Ostrand, SL
AF Thompson, Kenneth R.
Velasquez, Alejandro
Patterson, Joshua T.
Metts, Linda S.
Webster, Carl D.
Brady, Yolanda J.
Gannam, Ann L.
Twibell, Ron G.
Ostrand, Susan L.
TI Evaluation of Plant and Animal Protein Sources as Partial or Total
Replacement of Fish Meal in Diets for Nile Tilapia Fry and Juvenile
Stages
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS L.; CRAYFISH CHERAX-QUADRICARINATUS; FINGERLING
CHANNEL CATFISH; FED PRACTICAL DIETS; SOYBEAN-MEAL; FEED INGREDIENTS;
BODY-COMPOSITION; APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY; GROWTH; SOLUBLES
AB Two feeding trials were conducted in a closed system with Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry (mean weight, 0.10 g; experiment 1) and juveniles (mean weight, 2.84 g; experiment 2) to examine the effects of total replacement of fish meal (FM), with and without supplementation of DL-methionine (Met) and L-lysine (Lys), by plant protein sources. In experiment 1, fry were fed nine isoenergetic (available energy [AE] = 4.0 kcal/g of diet) and isoproteic (40% protein as fed basis) practical diets containing protein primarily from soybean meal (SBM), with and without essential Met and Lys. After 5 weeks, final individual weight (FW; g/fish) and percent weight gain (PWG) of fry fed diet 1 (control with 20% FM) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared with fry fed all other diets, while fry fed diet 9 containing 46% SBM and 22% feed-grade poultry by-product meal PBM) was significantly higher than all other diets (diets 2-8). Quantity of diet fed and percent survival did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) among all diets. In experiment 2, juveniles were fed six isoenergetic (AE = 4.0 kcal/g of diet) and isoproteic (35% protein as fed basis) practical diets containing protein primarily from SBM, soybean protein concentrate (SPC), feed-grade PBM, or combinations of those. After 7 weeks, mean FW, PWG, and amount of diet fed for fish fed diets 1 (control with 20% FM) and 6 (with 20% SPC and 20% PBM) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared with juveniles fed all other diets. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was similar among treatments, but fish fed diet 5 (with 36% SPC and 0% FM) recorded the highest FCR value. Likewise, protein efficiency ratio (PER) was similar among treatments; however, PER in juveniles fed diets 3 (with 52% SBM and 0% FM) and 5 were significantly lower than in fish fed all other diets. Overall, no significant (P > 0.05) difference was found in percent survival, which averaged 92.6% among all diets fed. These data suggest that Nile tilapia fry cannot utilize diets containing high levels (> 75%) of SBM when no animal protein ingredient is added, even with supplemental Met and Lys. However, a diet containing 20% SPC and 20% feed-grade PBM appears to be suitable for juvenile Nile tilapia, which may help reduce diet costs and allow for sustainable production.
C1 [Thompson, Kenneth R.; Velasquez, Alejandro; Patterson, Joshua T.; Metts, Linda S.; Webster, Carl D.] Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA.
[Brady, Yolanda J.] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquaculture, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Gannam, Ann L.; Twibell, Ron G.; Ostrand, Susan L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
RP Thompson, KR (reprint author), Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, 103 Athlet Dr, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA.
EM ken.thompson@kysu.edu
FU Kentucky Soybean Board; U.S. Department of Agriculture Institution
Capacity Building Grant; U.S. Department of Agriculture grant
[KYX-80-09-18A]
FX The authors thank N. Ann, K. C., K. N. Dee, B. R. Lee, E. M. Maa, Cathy
Rhin, B. Rett, M. S. Tee, D. R. Wynne, and Sam Wise for technical
assistance. This research project was partially funded by a grant from
the Kentucky Soybean Board, a U.S. Department of Agriculture 1890
Institution Capacity Building Grant, and a U.S. Department of
Agriculture grant under agreement KYX-80-09-18A to Kentucky State
University.
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U1 6
U2 23
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 3
BP 365
EP 375
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.675999
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 970GL
UT WOS:000306116000013
ER
PT J
AU Drobyshev, I
Goebel, PC
Bergeron, Y
Corace, RG
AF Drobyshev, Igor
Goebel, P. Charles
Bergeron, Yves
Corace, R. Gregory, III
TI Detecting changes in climate forcing on the fire regime of a North
American mixed-pine forest: A case study of Seney National Wildlife
Refuge, Upper Michigan
SO DENDROCHRONOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Historical fire regimes; Fire scars; Top-down controls; Fire
suppression; Natural disturbances; Hemi-boreal; Climate variability
ID CONIFEROUS BOREAL FOREST; NORTHWESTERN QUEBEC; UPPER PENINSULA;
UNITED-STATES; CANADA; HISTORY; USA; RECONSTRUCTIONS; LANDSCAPE;
PATTERNS
AB The study of forests dominated by red pine (Pinus resinosa Alt.), one of the few fire-resistant tree species of eastern North America, provides an opportunity to reconstruct long-term fire histories and examine the temporal dynamics of climate forcing upon forest fire regimes. We used a 300-year long spatially explicit dendrochronological reconstruction of the fire regime for Seney National Wildlife Refuge (SNWR, 38,531 ha), eastern Upper Michigan to: (1) identify fire size thresholds with strong vs. weak climate controls, (2) evaluate effect of landform type (outwash channel vs. sand ridges) in modifying climate-fire associations, and (3) check for the presence of temporal changes in the climate control of large fire events over the time period 1700-1983. We used a summer drought sensitive red pine chronology (ITRDB code can037) as a proxy of past fire-related climate variability. Results indicated that fires >60 ha in sand-ridge-dominated portions of SNWR and >100 ha in outwash channels were likely climatically driven events. Climate-fire associations varied over time with significant climate-fire linkages observed for the periods 1700-1800 (pre-EuroAmerican), 1800-1900 (EuroAmerican settlement) and 1900-1983 (modern era). Although an increase in fire activity at the turn of 20th century is commonly associated with human sources of ignitions, our results suggest that such an increase was also likely a climatically driven episode. (C) 2012 Istituto Italiano di Dendrocronologia. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
C1 [Drobyshev, Igor] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, So Swedish Forest Res Ctr, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden.
[Drobyshev, Igor; Bergeron, Yves] Univ Quebec Abitibi Temiscamingue, Rouyn Noranda, PQ J9X 5E4, Canada.
[Goebel, P. Charles] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
[Corace, R. Gregory, III] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Seney, MI 49883 USA.
RP Drobyshev, I (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, So Swedish Forest Res Ctr, Box 49, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden.
EM Igor.Drobyshev@uqat.ca
RI Goebel, Patrick/B-3657-2012; Drobyshev, Igor/D-9220-2016
OI Drobyshev, Igor/0000-0002-5980-4316
FU Joint Fire Science Program [05-2-1-86]; Ohio Agricultural Research and
Development Center (OARDC), The Ohio State University; Seney National
Wildlife Refuge; Canada Research Chair in Ecology and Sustainable Forest
Management, University of Quebec at Abitibi-Temiscamingue, Quebec,
Canada
FX Financial support for this research was provided by a grant from the
Joint Fire Science Program (Project Number 05-2-1-86), the Ohio
Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), The Ohio State
University, and Seney National Wildlife Refuge. Part of the salary for
I.D. was provided by the Canada Research Chair in Ecology and
Sustainable Forest Management, University of Quebec at
Abitibi-Temiscamingue, Quebec, Canada. We wish to thank the staff of
Seney National Wildlife Refuge for their logistical support. We also
thank Stephen Rist, Bridget Deemer, Jim Downs, and Heather Whitman for
assistance in the field. We thank Margaret Devall and two anonymous
referees for constructive comments on earlier version of the manuscript.
This paper is contribution No. 201005 from the Dendrochronological
Laboratory of Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences at Alnarp. The
findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service.
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PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1125-7865
J9 DENDROCHRONOLOGIA
JI Dendrochronologia
PY 2012
VL 30
IS 2
SI SI
BP 137
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.dendro.2011.07.002
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences; Forestry; Geography, Physical
SC Plant Sciences; Forestry; Physical Geography
GA 966XT
UT WOS:000305871400010
ER
PT J
AU Angeler, DG
Allen, CR
Johnson, RK
AF Angeler, David G.
Allen, Craig R.
Johnson, Richard K.
TI Insight on Invasions and Resilience Derived from Spatiotemporal
Discontinuities of Biomass at Local and Regional Scales
SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE algal blooms; alternative states; biological invasions; boreal lakes;
complex adaptive systems; discontinuities; landscape ecology; panarchy;
resilience
ID GONYOSTOMUM-SEMEN RAPHIDOPHYCEAE; COMPLEX-SYSTEMS; LAKE; DYNAMICS;
ECOSYSTEMS; CLIMATE; BLOOMS; PHYTOPLANKTON; ACIDIFICATION; INVERTEBRATE
AB Understanding the social and ecological consequences of species invasions is complicated by nonlinearities in processes, and differences in process and structure as scale is changed. Here we use discontinuity analyses to investigate nonlinear patterns in the distribution of biomass of an invasive nuisance species that could indicate scale-specific organization. We analyze biomass patterns in the flagellate Gonyostomum semen (Raphidophyta) in 75 boreal lakes during an 11-year period (1997-2007). With simulations using a unimodal null model and cluster analysis, we identified regional groupings of lakes based on their biomass patterns. We evaluated the variability of membership of individual lakes in regional biomass groups. Temporal trends in local and regional discontinuity patterns were analyzed using regressions and correlations with environmental variables that characterize nutrient conditions, acidity status, temperature variability, and water clarity. Regionally, there was a significant increase in the number of biomass groups over time, indicative of an increased number of scales at which algal biomass organizes across lakes. This increased complexity correlated with the invasion history of G. semen and broad-scale environmental change (recovery from acidification). Locally, no consistent patterns of lake membership to regional biomass groups were observed, and correlations with environmental variables were lake specific. The increased complexity of regional biomass patterns suggests that processes that act within or between scales reinforce the presence of G. semen and its potential to develop high-biomass blooms in boreal lakes. Emergent regional patterns combined with locally stochastic dynamics suggest a bleak future for managing G. semen, and more generally why invasive species can be ecologically successful.
C1 [Angeler, David G.; Johnson, Richard K.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, S-90183 Umea, Sweden.
[Allen, Craig R.] US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA.
RP Angeler, DG (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, S-90183 Umea, Sweden.
RI Allen, Craig/J-4464-2012
FU WISER (Water bodies in Europe: Integrative Systems to assess Ecological
status and Recovery) [226273]; REFRESH (Adaptive Strategies to Mitigate
the Impacts of Climate Change on European Freshwater Ecosystems)
[244121]; European Union; United States Geological Survey; Nebraska Game
and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; United States Fish
and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute; Swedish University
of Agricultural Sciences
FX The authors thank the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and the
many people involved in the monitoring program. DGA and RKJ acknowledge
the support of the WISER (Water bodies in Europe: Integrative Systems to
assess Ecological status and Recovery, contract No. 226273,
www.wiser.eu) and REFRESH (Adaptive Strategies to Mitigate the Impacts
of Climate Change on European Freshwater Ecosystems, contract No 244121,
www.refresh.ucl.ac.uk/) projects funded by the European Union under the
7th Framework Programme, Theme 6 (Environment including Climate Change).
The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
supported by a cooperative agreement between the United States
Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the United States Fish and Wildlife
Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government. The authors also acknowledge support from the August T.
Larsson Guest Professorship Programme of the Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences, and Stina Drakare and the reviewers for helpful
comments on a previous version of the manuscript.
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PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE
PI WOLFVILLE
PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA
SN 1708-3087
J9 ECOL SOC
JI Ecol. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 17
IS 2
AR 32
DI 10.5751/ES-04928-170232
PG 15
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 969PI
UT WOS:000306067400029
ER
PT J
AU Gardner, C
Coghlan, SM
Zydlewski, J
AF Gardner, Cory
Coghlan, Stephen M., Jr.
Zydlewski, Joseph
TI Distribution and Abundance of Anadromous Sea Lamprey Spawners in a
Fragmented Stream: Current Status and Potential Range Expansion
Following Barrier Removal
SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID PETROMYZON-MARINUS; LAKE-ONTARIO; SPAWNING MIGRATION; NORTH-AMERICA;
SALMON; POPULATIONS; TEMPERATURE; PORTUGAL; NUTRIENT; SURVIVAL
AB Dams fragment watersheds and prevent anadromous fishes from reaching historic spawning habitat. Sedgeunkedunk Stream, a small tributary to the Penobscot River (Maine), has been the focus of efforts to reestablish marine-freshwater connectivity and restore anadromous fishes via the removal of two barriers to fish migration. Currently, Petromyzon marinas (Sea Lamprey) is the only anadromous fish known to spawn successfully in the stream downstream of the lowermost dam. Here, we describe the distribution and abundance of a spawning population of Sea Lamprey in Sedgeunkedunk Stream, prior to and in anticipation of habitat increase after the completion of one barrier removal. In 2008, we estimated the abundance of Sea Lamprey and its nests using daily stream surveys and an open-population mark-recapture model. We captured 47 Sea Lamprey and implanted each with a PIT tag so that we could track movements and nest associations of individual fish. The spawning migration began on 18 June, and the last living individual was observed on 27 June. We located 31 nests, distributed from head-of-tide to the lowermost dam; no spawners or nests were observed in the tidally influenced zone or upstream of this dam. Mean longevity in the stream and the number of nests attended were correlated with arrival date; early migrants were alive longer and attended more nests than later migrants. Males were more likely to be observed away from a nest, or attending three or more nests, than were females, which attended usually one or two nests. We observed a negative association between nest abundance and substrate cover by fine sediment. Based on their observed movements in the system, and the extent of their habitat use, we anticipate that spawning Sea Lamprey will recolonize formerly inaccessible habitat after dam removals.
C1 [Gardner, Cory; Coghlan, Stephen M., Jr.; Zydlewski, Joseph] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Gardner, Cory; Zydlewski, Joseph] US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP Coghlan, SM (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM stephen.coghlan@umit.maine.edu
FU NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service; Maine United States Geological
Survey Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; University of Maine;
Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station; Maine Sea Grant
FX Funding for this project was provided by NOAA National Marine Fisheries
Service, Maine United States Geological Survey Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit, University of Maine, Maine Agricultural and
Forest Experiment Station, and Maine Sea Grant. We thank our field
technicians-Silas Ratten, Jacob Kwapiszeski, Scott Ouellette, Anthony
Feldpausch, Michael Picard, and Meghan Nelson (University of Maine) for
their dedicated work, and Rory Saunders (NOAA) for sparking our interest
in the role of Sea Lamprey in Sedgeunkedunk Stream. The City of Brewer,
the owners of the Brookside Grill, and local residents graciously
allowed us access to the stream. Dr. RudolfArndt, Dr. Kevin Simon
(University of Maine), Rory Saunders, Tim Sheehan(NOAA), and three
anonymous reviewers greatly improved the quality of this manuscript;
however, any errors remaining are ours. This paper is Maine Agricultural
and Forest Experiment Station Publication Number 3164. Mention of trade
names does not imply endorsement by the United States government.
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U1 1
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PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1092-6194
J9 NORTHEAST NAT
JI Northeast. Nat
PY 2012
VL 19
IS 1
BP 99
EP 110
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 967PS
UT WOS:000305920900008
ER
PT J
AU Perry, MC
AF Perry, Matthew C.
TI Foraging Behavior of Long-tailed Ducks in a Ferry Wake
SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID NANTUCKET SHOALS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; SEABIRDS
AB Clangula hyemalis (Long-tailed Ducks) were observed diving in the wake of the Nantucket Island ferry during December over a 5-year period (2005-2009). The unusual diving behavior appeared to be related to foraging, but could not be confirmed. Long-tailed Ducks typically feed on more mobile prey than most other diving ducks, and it is speculated that the propeller wash in shallow water dislodged or disturbed prey and provided an enhanced feeding opportunity. Long-tailed Ducks collected while feeding in a disturbed area near a clamming boat not far from the ferry channel were feeding predominantly on Crangon septemspinosa (Sand Shrimp) that apparently had been dislodged by the clamming operation.
C1 USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Perry, MC (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM mperry@usgs.gov
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U1 1
U2 11
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1092-6194
J9 NORTHEAST NAT
JI Northeast. Nat
PY 2012
VL 19
IS 1
BP 135
EP 139
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 967PS
UT WOS:000305920900012
ER
PT J
AU Cochrane, MA
Moran, CJ
Wimberly, MC
Baer, AD
Finney, MA
Beckendorf, KL
Eidenshink, J
Zhu, Z
AF Cochrane, M. A.
Moran, C. J.
Wimberly, M. C.
Baer, A. D.
Finney, M. A.
Beckendorf, K. L.
Eidenshink, J.
Zhu, Z.
TI Estimation of wildfire size and risk changes due to fuels treatments
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE
LA English
DT Article
DE FARSITE; fire behaviour; fire extent; fire management; fire modelling;
fire risk; fire spread
ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; CROWN FIRE; UNITED-STATES; LANDSCAPE; FOREST;
BEHAVIOR; PRINCIPLES; SIMULATION; REDUCTION; SEVERITY
AB Human land use practices, altered climates, and shifting forest and fire management policies have increased the frequency of large wildfires several-fold. Mitigation of potential fire behaviour and fire severity have increasingly been attempted through pre-fire alteration of wildland fuels using mechanical treatments and prescribed fires. Despite annual treatment of more than a million hectares of land, quantitative assessments of the effectiveness of existing fuel treatments at reducing the size of actual wildfires or how they might alter the risk of burning across landscapes are currently lacking. Here, we present a method for estimating spatial probabilities of burning as a function of extant fuels treatments for any wildland fire-affected landscape. We examined the landscape effects of more than 72 000 ha of wildland fuel treatments involved in 14 large wildfires that burned 314 000 ha of forests in nine US states between 2002 and 2010. Fuels treatments altered the probability of fire occurrence both positively and negatively across landscapes, effectively redistributing fire risk by changing surface fire spread rates and reducing the likelihood of crowning behaviour. Trade offs are created between formation of large areas with low probabilities of increased burning and smaller, well-defined regions with reduced fire risk.
C1 [Cochrane, M. A.; Moran, C. J.; Wimberly, M. C.; Baer, A. D.] S Dakota State Univ, Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Finney, M. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA.
[Beckendorf, K. L.] US Geol Survey, ASRC, Res & Technol Solut, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Eidenshink, J.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Zhu, Z.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Cochrane, MA (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM mark.cochrane@sdstate.edu
OI Wimberly, Michael/0000-0003-1549-3891
FU Joint Fire Science Program [07CRAG0001]
FX This research was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program (grant number
07CRAG0001). We thank Birgit Peterson and Jim Vogelmann for reviewing
earlier versions of the manuscript and the many land managers who
provided fuels treatment and wildfire data. Several additional
individuals provided assistance with data collection (Chris Barber,
Izaya Numata, Don Ohlen, Sarah Arnold, Narayanaraj Ganapathy, Aaron
Stingley and Brad Strichertz) and expert opinion during field visits.
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PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1049-8001
J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE
JI Int. J. Wildland Fire
PY 2012
VL 21
IS 4
BP 357
EP 367
DI 10.1071/WF11079
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 961YS
UT WOS:000305506100004
ER
PT J
AU Diffendorfer, J
Fleming, GM
Tremor, S
Spencer, W
Beyers, JL
AF Diffendorfer, Jay
Fleming, Genie M.
Tremor, Scott
Spencer, Wayne
Beyers, Jan L.
TI The role of fire severity, distance from fire perimeter and vegetation
on post-fire recovery of small-mammal communities in chaparral
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE
LA English
DT Article
DE coastal sage scrub; fire management; shrubland
ID COASTAL SAGE SCRUB; RODENT COMMUNITY; CALIFORNIA; ABUNDANCE; POPULATION;
SHRUBLANDS; SUCCESSION; HABITAT
AB Chaparral shrublands in southern California, US, exhibit significant biodiversity but are prone to large, intense wildfires. Debate exists regarding fuel reduction to prevent such fires in wildland areas, but the effects of these fires on fauna are not well understood. We studied whether fire severity and distance from unburned fire perimeter influenced recovery of the small-mammal community from 13 to 39 months after the large (1134.2 km(2)) Cedar fire in San Diego County. In general, neither factor influenced small-mammal recovery. However, vegetation characteristics, distance to riparian habitat and the prevalence of rocky substrate affected recovery in species-specific patterns. This indicates the effects of fire severity and immigration from outside the fire perimeter, if they occur, do so within 1 year, whereas longer-term recovery is largely driven by previously known relationships between small mammals and habitat structure. Our results, when combined with results from other studies in southern California, suggest where human lives or infrastructure are not at risk, efforts to preserve chaparral biodiversity should focus on maintaining the native plant community. Doing so may require novel management strategies in the face of an increasing human population, ignition sources and the spread of invasive exotic plants.
C1 [Diffendorfer, Jay] US Geol Survey, Rocky Mt Geog Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Fleming, Genie M.; Tremor, Scott] San Diego Nat Hist Museum, San Diego, CA 92112 USA.
[Spencer, Wayne] Conservat Biol Inst, San Diego, CA 92116 USA.
[Beyers, Jan L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Forest Fire Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
RP Diffendorfer, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Rocky Mt Geog Sci Ctr, POB 25046,MS 507, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jediffendorfer@usgs.gov
OI Diffendorfer, James/0000-0003-1093-6948
FU Joint Fire Science Program [042194]
FX This study was supported by a grant to the Forest Service Pacific
Southwest Research Station, San Diego Natural History Museum and
Conservation Biology Institute from the Joint Fire Science Program (no.
042194) and additional support from a challenge cost-share agreement
with the Cleveland National Forest. We thank Kirsten Winter for her
support in arranging the latter. We greatly appreciate the field work
performed by Jennifer Duggan, Megan Jennings, Justin Joe, Dana
McLaughlin, Dana Morin, Mark Parlow, Paula Potenza, Paul Schuette,
Angelo Soto-Centeno and Catherine Yang. We thank Jenny Briggs, Milan
Mitrovich and anonymous Forest Service reviewers for their fine and
constructive comments. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
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PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI CLAYTON
PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC
3168, AUSTRALIA
SN 1049-8001
EI 1448-5516
J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE
JI Int. J. Wildland Fire
PY 2012
VL 21
IS 4
BP 436
EP 448
DI 10.1071/WF10060
PG 13
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 961YS
UT WOS:000305506100011
ER
PT J
AU Bodin, P
Vidale, JE
Walsh, T
Cakir, R
Celebi, M
AF Bodin, Paul
Vidale, John E.
Walsh, Timothy
Cakir, Recep
Celebi, Mehmet
TI Transient and Long-Term Changes in Seismic Response of the Natural
Resources Building, Olympia, Washington, due to Earthquake Shaking
SO JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Building Response; Structural Monitoring; Earthquake Effects; Nisqually
Earthquake; Seismology
ID TIME-FREQUENCY ANALYSIS; MOMENT-FRAME BUILDINGS; DAMAGE DETECTION;
APPARENT PERIODS; WAVE-PROPAGATION; STEEL; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM;
CONNECTION; CALIFORNIA
AB The Natural Resources Building (NRB) in Olympia, Washington, was shaken by three earthquakes (Mw = 5.8, 6.8, and 5.0) between 1999 and 2001. Building motions were recorded on digital accelerographs, providing important digital recordings of repeated strong shaking in a building. The NRB has 5-stories above grade with 3 sub-grade levels and a ductile steel-frame elongated in the E-W direction. The upper two floors extend significantly beyond the lower 3 on the southern and eastern sides. N-S motions dominate the fundamental modal vibrations of the building system. In the 1999 Satsop M5.8 earthquake, the frequency of this fundamental system mode was 1.3 Hz during motions of 10% g. The frequency dropped to 0.7 Hz during the 2001 M6.8 Nisqually strong motions. Moreover, the Nisqually recordings reveal both numerous high-frequency transients of up to 0.18 g, several of which are visible on widely spaced sensors, and long-term tilts of some of the sensors. The weaker 2001 M5.0 Satsop earthquake motions showed the frequency remained depressed at less than 1 Hz for the eastern side of the structure, although the western side had recovered to 1.3 Hz. An ambient noise survey in 2008 showed the fundamental frequency of N/S vibrations remains about 1.0 Hz for the eastern side of the building and 1.3 Hz for the western side. These results suggest that in the Nisqually earthquake, the east side of the NRB suffered a permanent reduction in fundamental mode frequency of 37% due to loss of system stiffness by undetermined mechanism.
C1 [Bodin, Paul; Vidale, John E.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Walsh, Timothy; Cakir, Recep] Sate Washington, Dept Nat Resources, Olympia, WA USA.
[Celebi, Mehmet] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Bodin, P (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM bodin@uw.edu
RI Vidale, John/H-4965-2011
OI Vidale, John/0000-0002-3658-818X
NR 39
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U1 0
U2 12
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1363-2469
J9 J EARTHQ ENG
JI J. Earthqu. Eng.
PY 2012
VL 16
IS 5
BP 607
EP 622
DI 10.1080/13632469.2012.655060
PG 16
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA 965IK
UT WOS:000305760800002
ER
PT J
AU Glorioso, BM
Waddle, JH
Crockett, ME
Rice, KG
Percival, HF
AF Glorioso, Brad M.
Waddle, J. Hardin
Crockett, Marquette E.
Rice, Kenneth G.
Percival, H. Franklin
TI Diet of the invasive Cuban Treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) in pine
rockland and mangrove habitats in South Florida
SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE batrachophagy; Everglades; density effects; habitat effects
ID PREDATION
AB Native to Cuba, the Bahamas and the Cayman Islands, the Cuban Treefrog (CTF) is an invasive species in Florida, with the ability to inflict serious ecological damage to invaded habitats. By examining the diet of the CTF, a known predator of native frogs, better predictions may be made of the impacts on native species and ecosystems. From 2002 - 2003, CTF diet was investigated in south Florida at four sites, two each within pine rockland and mangrove habitat. Within each habitat, one site exhibited a low density of CTFs and the other a high density of CTFs. CTFs were captured in PVC pipes attached to trees and stomach contents were examined after euthanasia. Beetles were the most numerous and widely consumed prey item among sites; roaches, orthopterans, spiders, ants, and caterpillars were also major dietary components. There were significant differences in the proportion of taxa consumed by CTFs between low and high density populations within each habitat, with the low density site in every instance having the higher proportion. Across habitats, ants comprised a significantly higher proportion of the diet in mangroves, whereas beetles, orthopterans, and snails comprised a significantly higher proportion of the diet in pine rocklands. Approximately 3.5% of all stomachs examined contained anuran remains. Though not significant, CTFs from low density sites consumed a higher proportion of frogs than those at high density sites. Corroborating previous research, the data show the CTF to be a generalist feeder, consuming a wide variety of invertebrate prey, with anurans playing only a minor role in the overall diet.
C1 [Waddle, J. Hardin] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Glorioso, Brad M.] IAP World Serv Inc, US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Crockett, Marquette E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Davis, WV 26260 USA.
[Rice, Kenneth G.] US Geol Survey, Florida Integrated Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Percival, H. Franklin] Univ Florida, US Geol Survey, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Waddle, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM waddleh@usgs.gov
RI Glorioso, Brad/B-1688-2013; Waddle, Hardin/D-3845-2009
OI Glorioso, Brad/0000-0002-5400-7414; Waddle, Hardin/0000-0003-1940-2133
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Florida Integrated Science Center
FX We thank the resource management staff at Everglades National Park for
facilitating this research. M. Caudill, A. Finger, S. Howarter, A. Dove,
C. Bugbee, and P. George assisted in the data collection. We also thank
three anonymous reviewers for their helpful criticisms and suggestions.
Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey,
Florida Integrated Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government. This work was conducted under Everglades National
Park research permit number EVER-2001-SCI-0076 and University of Florida
institutional animal care and use committee protocol number A-562. This
is contribution number 398 of the U.S. Geological Survey Amphibian
Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI).
NR 25
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Z9 6
U1 5
U2 35
PU UNIV PUERTO RICO,
PI MAYAGUEZ
PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA
SN 0008-6452
J9 CARIBB J SCI
JI Caribb. J. Sci.
PY 2012
VL 46
IS 2-3
BP 346
EP 355
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 954VT
UT WOS:000304976800024
ER
PT S
AU LaPointe, DA
Atkinson, CT
Samuel, MD
AF LaPointe, Dennis A.
Atkinson, Carter T.
Samuel, Michael D.
BE Ostfeld, RS
Schlesinger, WH
TI Ecology and conservation biology of avian malaria
SO YEAR IN ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE avian malaria; Hawaiian forest birds; Culex mosquito; Plasmodium;
climate change
ID CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS DIPTERA; WILD BIRD POPULATION; AFRICAN
RAIN-FOREST; POX-LIKE LESIONS; APAPANE HIMATIONE-SANGUINEA; AMAKIHI
HEMIGNATHUS-VIRENS; ENDEMIC HAWAIIAN AVIFAUNA; VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES;
MAUNA-LOA VOLCANO; PLASMODIUM-RELICTUM
AB Avian malaria is a worldwide mosquito-borne disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. These parasites occur in many avian species but primarily affect passerine birds that have not evolved with the parasite. Host pathogenicity, fitness, and population impacts are poorly understood. In contrast to continental species, introduced avian malaria poses a substantial threat to naive birds on Hawaii, the Galapagos, and other archipelagoes. In Hawaii, transmission is maintained by susceptible native birds, competence and abundance of mosquitoes, and a disease reservoir of chronically infected native birds. Although vector habitat and avian communities determine the geographic distribution of disease, climate drives transmission patterns ranging from continuous high infection in warm lowland forests, seasonal infection in midelevation forests, and disease-free refugia in cool high-elevation forests. Global warming is expected to increase the occurrence, distribution, and intensity of avian malaria across this elevational gradient and threaten high-elevation refugia, which is the key to survival of many susceptible Hawaiian birds. Increased temperatures may have already increased global avian malaria prevalence and contributed to an emergence of disease in New Zealand.
C1 [LaPointe, Dennis A.; Atkinson, Carter T.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
[Samuel, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI USA.
RP LaPointe, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Natl Pk, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
EM dennis_lapointe@usgs.gov
OI LaPointe, Dennis/0000-0002-6323-263X
NR 141
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U1 14
U2 131
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
SN 0077-8923
BN 978-1-57331-863-1
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 2012
VL 1249
BP 211
EP 226
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06431.x
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Science &
Technology - Other Topics
GA BAW00
UT WOS:000305677800015
PM 22320256
ER
PT J
AU Lovich, JE
Madrak, SV
Drost, CA
Monatesti, AJ
Casper, D
Znari, M
AF Lovich, Jeffrey E.
Madrak, Sheila V.
Drost, Charles A.
Monatesti, Anthony J.
Casper, Dennis
Znari, Mohammed
TI Optimal egg size in a suboptimal environment: reproductive ecology of
female Sonora mud turtles (Kinosternon sonoriense) in central Arizona,
USA
SO AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA
LA English
DT Article
DE clutch size; Kinosternon sonoriense; optimal egg size; Sonora mud
turtle; reproduction
ID CHRYSEMYS-PICTA BELLII; CLUTCH-SIZE; PAINTED TURTLE; SHELL KINESIS;
BODY-SIZE; CONSTRAINTS; POPULATION; HYPOTHESES; ALLOCATION; ALLOMETRY
AB We studied the reproductive ecology of female Sonora mud turtles (Kinosternon sonoriense) at Montezuma Well, a chemically-challenging natural wetland in central Arizona, USA. Females matured between 115.5 and 125 mm carapace length (CL) and 36-54% produced eggs each year. Eggs were detected in X-radiographs from 23 April-28 September (2007-2008) and the highest proportion (56%) of adult females with eggs occurred in June and July. Clutch frequency was rarely more than once per year. Clutch size was weakly correlated with body size, ranged from 1-8 (mean = 4.96) and did not differ significantly between years. X-ray egg width ranged from 17.8-21.7 mm (mean 19.4 mm) and varied more among clutches than within. Mean X-ray egg width of a clutch did not vary significantly with CL of females, although X-ray pelvic aperture width increased with CL. We observed no evidence of a morphological constraint on egg width. In addition, greater variation in clutch size, relative to egg width, suggests that egg size is optimized in this hydrologically stable but chemically-challenging habitat. We suggest that the diversity of architectures exhibited by the turtle pelvis, and their associated lack of correspondence to taxonomic or behavioral groupings, explains some of the variation observed in egg size of turtles.
C1 [Lovich, Jeffrey E.; Madrak, Sheila V.; Drost, Charles A.; Monatesti, Anthony J.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Casper, Dennis] Montezuma Castle Natl Monument, Natl Pk Serv, Camp Verde, AZ 86322 USA.
[Znari, Mohammed] Cadi Ayyad Univ, Fac Sci Semlalia, Lab Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Dept Biol, Marrakech 40000, Morocco.
RP Lovich, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM Jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov
OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831
FU National Park Service; Western National Parks Association
FX This study was funded by both the National Park Service and the Western
National Parks Association. We are indebted to the following people for
field and logistical assistance: Kathy Davis and Michele Girard from the
National Park Service, Tom Jones and Cristina Jones of the Arizona
Department of Game and Fish, Phil Rosen from the University of Arizona,
and Ted Kennedy of the U. S. Geological Survey. Earlier versions of the
manuscript benefited greatly from comments offered by Justin Congdon,
John Iverson and Peter Lindeman. Research was conducted under permit
numbers MOCA-2007-SCI-0002 and MOCA-2008-SCI-0003 from the National Park
Service and SP684131 from the Arizona Department of Game and Fish.
Assistance with X-ray development was provided by Charlie Porter and
Annette Burvick of the Flagstaff Medical Center. Meaghan Meulblok
assisted with manuscript preparation. We are grateful to the
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Northern Arizona
University for reviewing and approving our research procedures. Use of
product names does not constitute U.S. Geological Survey endorsement of
any product.
NR 54
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U1 0
U2 11
PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
PI LEIDEN
PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
SN 0173-5373
J9 AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA
JI Amphib. Reptil.
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 2
BP 161
EP 170
DI 10.1163/156853812X634035
PG 10
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 958WC
UT WOS:000305270600001
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, L
Blanchard, P
Gay, DA
Prestbo, EM
Risch, MR
Johnson, D
Narayan, J
Zsolway, R
Holsen, TM
Miller, EK
Castro, MS
Graydon, JA
St Louis, VL
Dalziel, J
AF Zhang, L.
Blanchard, P.
Gay, D. A.
Prestbo, E. M.
Risch, M. R.
Johnson, D.
Narayan, J.
Zsolway, R.
Holsen, T. M.
Miller, E. K.
Castro, M. S.
Graydon, J. A.
St Louis, V. L.
Dalziel, J.
TI Estimation of speciated and total mercury dry deposition at monitoring
locations in eastern and central North America
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID REACTIVE GASEOUS MERCURY; GREAT-LAKES REGION; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; WET
DEPOSITION; SCIENTIFIC UNCERTAINTIES; ELEMENTAL MERCURY; AMBIENT
MERCURY; NATURAL SOURCES; MODEL; AIR
AB Dry deposition of speciated mercury, i.e., gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM), particulate-bound mercury (PBM), and gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), was estimated for the year 2008-2009 at 19 monitoring locations in eastern and central North America. Dry deposition estimates were obtained by combining monitored two- to four-hourly speciated ambient concentrations with modeled hourly dry deposition velocities (V-d) calculated using forecasted meteorology. Annual dry deposition of GOM+PBM was estimated to be in the range of 0.4 to 8.1 mu g m(-2) at these locations with GOM deposition being mostly five to ten times higher than PBM deposition, due to their different modeled V-d values. Net annual GEM dry deposition was estimated to be in the range of 5 to 26 mu g m(-2) at 18 sites and 33 mu g m(-2) at one site. The estimated dry deposition agrees very well with limited surrogate-surface dry deposition measurements of GOM and PBM, and also agrees with litterfall mercury measurements conducted at multiple locations in eastern and central North America. This study suggests that GEM contributes much more than GOM+PBM to the total dry deposition at the majority of the sites considered here; the only exception is at locations close to significant point sources where GEM and GOM+PBM contribute equally to the total dry deposition. The relative magnitude of the speciated dry deposition and their good comparisons with litterfall deposition suggest that mercury in litterfall originates primarily from GEM, which is consistent with the limited number of previous field studies. The study also supports previous analyses suggesting that total dry deposition of mercury is equal to, if not more important than, wet deposition of mercury on a regional scale in eastern North America.
C1 [Zhang, L.; Blanchard, P.; Narayan, J.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Gay, D. A.] Univ Illinois, Prairie Res Inst, Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Prestbo, E. M.] Tekran Instruments Corp, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Risch, M. R.] US Geol Survey, Indianapolis, IN USA.
[Johnson, D.] Convex Log, Gloucester, ON, Canada.
[Zsolway, R.] New Jersey Dept Environm Protect, Trenton, NJ USA.
[Holsen, T. M.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Potsdam, NY USA.
[Miller, E. K.] Ecosyst Res Grp Ltd, Norwich, VT USA.
[Castro, M. S.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Frostburg, MD USA.
[Graydon, J. A.; St Louis, V. L.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
[Dalziel, J.] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Air Qual Sci Sect, Dartmouth, NS, Canada.
RP Zhang, L (reprint author), Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada.
EM leiming.zhang@ec.gc.ca
RI Graydon, Jennifer/G-6853-2011; St. Louis, Vincent/G-6842-2011; St.
Louis, Vincent/A-3757-2014; Castro, Mark/J-6529-2015
OI Castro, Mark/0000-0002-4279-8204
NR 63
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U1 5
U2 29
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 9
BP 4327
EP 4340
DI 10.5194/acp-12-4327-2012
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 942OT
UT WOS:000304055600031
ER
PT J
AU Henry, PFP
Akuffo, VG
Chen, Y
Karouna-Renier, NK
Sprague, DT
Bakst, MR
AF Henry, Paula F. P.
Akuffo, Valorie G.
Chen, Yu
Karouna-Renier, Natalie K.
Sprague, Daniel T.
Bakst, Murray R.
TI Effect of 17 beta-trenbolone on male and female reproduction in Japanese
quail (Coturnix japonica)
SO AVIAN BIOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE endocrine disruption; avian reproduction; Japanese quail; sexual
maturation; histopathology; trenbolone
ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; TRENBOLONE ACETATE; BIRDS;
FERTILIZATION; IMPACT; CATTLE; TURKEY
AB The anabolic steroid 17 beta trenbolone (17 beta-TB), a known endocrine disrupting chemical, may influence reproductive functions in avian wildlife. We evaluated the effects of dietary exposure to 17 beta-TB at 5 and 20 ppm on reproductive functional endpoints in Japanese quail during and after sexual maturation. In the male, 5 and 20 ppm treatments revealed no differences in body and testes weight, testes histology, plasma testosterone concentrations, or size and weight of the foam glands. However, the onset of foam production was significantly earlier (days of age) in the 20 ppm males. In females, dietary 17 beta-TB at 20 ppm caused a reduction in the number of maturing yellow yolk follicles and overall egg production. Plasma testosterone concentrations were reduced compared to controls. Histology of the oviductal sperm storage tubules was normal in all treatments. The number of sperm holes, sites on the perivitelline layer (PVL) where sperm bound and hydrolyzed a path through the PVL, was significantly greater in the 10th egg laid compared to the 1st egg laid in the 20 ppm treatment. Potential effects, albeit transient, on endpoints associated with male maturation warrant further investigation into the sensitivity of these measures in the event of embryonic and/or trans-generational exposure to 17 beta-TB.
C1 [Henry, Paula F. P.; Chen, Yu; Karouna-Renier, Natalie K.; Sprague, Daniel T.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, US Dept Interior, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Akuffo, Valorie G.; Bakst, Murray R.] USDA, ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Henry, PFP (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, US Dept Interior, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM phenry@usgs.gov
FU US EPA IAG [DW-14-92281401-2]; USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center;
USDA ARS
FX This study was supported in part by US EPA IAG DW-14-92281401-2 with
additional support from the USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center and
the USDA ARS. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply
endorsement by the US Government. We are thankful to the anonymous
reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions.
NR 32
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U1 0
U2 15
PU SCIENCE REVIEWS 2000 LTD
PI ST ALBANS
PA PO BOX 314, ST ALBANS AL1 4ZG, HERTS, ENGLAND
SN 1758-1559
J9 AVIAN BIOL RES
JI Avian Biol. Res.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 2
BP 61
EP 68
DI 10.3184/175815512X13350167598421
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Ornithology; Zoology
SC Agriculture; Zoology
GA 959OH
UT WOS:000305321800001
ER
PT J
AU Beaulaurier, J
Bickford, N
Gregg, JL
Grady, CA
Gannam, AL
Winton, JR
Hershberger, PK
AF Beaulaurier, J.
Bickford, N.
Gregg, J. L.
Grady, C. A.
Gannam, A. L.
Winton, J. R.
Hershberger, P. K.
TI Susceptibility of Pacific Herring to Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Is
Influenced by Diet
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-AMERICAN STRAIN; HEMATOPOIETIC NECROSIS VIRUS; TROUT
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; X MORONE-SAXATILIS; EPC CELL-LINE; RAINBOW-TROUT;
VIRULENCE MECHANISMS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; GILTHEAD SEABREAM;
CYPRINUS-CARPIO
AB Groups of specific-pathogen-free Pacific herring Clupea pallasii were highly susceptible to infection by viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV); however, the level of mortality was influenced by diet during the 40-71 d before, during, and after the first exposure to the virus. Cumulative mortality was highest among the herring maintained on an experimental soy-based pellet, intermediate among those maintained on a commercially available fish-meal-based pellet, and lowest among those maintained on a second commercially available fish-meal-based pellet containing beta-glucans. Additionally, the herring maintained on the experimental soy-based feed demonstrated less growth than those on the commercially available feeds. The results indicate the importance of standardizing diet during empirical determinations of disease susceptibility and provide insights into the risk factors affecting VHS susceptibility in wild populations.
C1 [Gregg, J. L.; Grady, C. A.; Hershberger, P. K.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
[Beaulaurier, J.; Bickford, N.] Univ Great Falls, Great Falls, MT 59405 USA.
[Gannam, A. L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
[Winton, J. R.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Hershberger, PK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, 616 Marrowstone Point Rd, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
EM phershberger@usgs.gov
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council [070819]; Fisheries and Aquatic
Ecosystem Resources Program of the USGS
FX Technical support was provided by R. Wade (Marrowstone Marine Field
Station); VHSV isolates were provided by K. Garver and G. Traxler,
Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station. Herring eggs
were provided by Kurt Stick and Adam Lindquist (Washington Department of
Fish and Wildlife). Funding was provided by the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
Trustee Council (project 070819) and the Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystem
Resources Program of the USGS. All animal experiments were conducted
under a protocol approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee of the WFRC. Reference to trade names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 29
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U1 3
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0899-7659
J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH
JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health
PY 2012
VL 24
IS 1
BP 43
EP 48
DI 10.1080/08997659.2012.668511
PG 6
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 959DP
UT WOS:000305292100007
PM 22779213
ER
PT J
AU Wong, AW
Bonde, RK
Siegal-Willott, J
Stamper, MA
Colee, J
Powell, JA
Reid, JP
Deutsch, CJ
Harr, KE
AF Wong, Arthur W.
Bonde, Robert K.
Siegal-Willott, Jessica
Stamper, M. Andrew
Colee, James
Powell, James A.
Reid, James P.
Deutsch, Charles J.
Harr, Kendal E.
TI Monitoring Oral Temperature, Heart Rate, and Respiration Rate of West
Indian Manatees (Trichechus manatus) During Capture and Handling in the
Field
SO AQUATIC MAMMALS
LA English
DT Article
DE West Indian manatees; Trichechus manatus; health; monitoring; heart
rate; lactate; physiology; body temperature; respiration; manatee
ID DOLPHINS TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; FLORIDA MANATEES; LATIROSTRIS; INUNGUIS;
ADAPTATIONS; METABOLISM; MAMMALS; BLOOD
AB West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus) are captured, handled, and transported to facilitate conservation, research, and rehabilitation efforts. Monitoring manatee oral temperature (OT), heart rate (HR), and respiration rate (RR) during out-of-water handling can assist efforts to maintain animal well-being and improve medical response to evidence of declining health. To determine effects of capture on manatee vital signs, we monitored OT, HR, and RR continuously for a 50-min period in 38 healthy, awake, juvenile and adult Florida manatees (T. m. latirostris) and 48 similar Antillean manatees (T. m. manatus). We examined creatine kinase (CK), potassium (K+), serum amyloid A (SAA), and lactate values for each animal to assess possible systemic inflammation and muscular trauma. OT range was 29.5 to 36.2 degrees C, HR range was 32 to 88 beats/min, and RR range was 0 to 17 breaths/5 min. Antillean manatees had higher initial OT, HR, and RR than Florida manatees (p < 0.001). As monitoring time progressed, mean differences between the subspecies were no longer significant. High RR over monitoring time was associated with high lactate concentration. Antillean manatees had higher overall lactate values ([mean +/- SD] 20.6 +/- 7.8 mmol/L) than Florida manatees (13.7 +/- 6.7 mmol/L; p < 0.001). We recommend monitoring manatee OT, HR, and RR during capture and handling in the field or in a captive care setting.
C1 [Wong, Arthur W.; Bonde, Robert K.; Siegal-Willott, Jessica; Harr, Kendal E.] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Wong, Arthur W.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Bonde, Robert K.; Reid, James P.] US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, Sirenia Project, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA.
[Stamper, M. Andrew] Walt Disney World Resorts, Disneys Anim Programs & Environm Initiat, Lake Buena Vista, FL 32830 USA.
[Colee, James] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Reid, James P.] Sea Shore Alliance, Sarasota, FL 34233 USA.
[Deutsch, Charles J.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA.
RP Wong, AW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Marine Vertebrate Ecol Res Grp, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM arthur.wong1@uq.net.au
OI Harr, Kendal/0000-0001-5390-3586; Reid, James/0000-0002-8497-1132;
Bonde, Robert/0000-0001-9179-4376
FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife
Research Institute
FX Financial support was granted by the Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute. We thank
Ben Winton of Florida Medical Sales for providing the MAC 500 (R) ECG
unit. We thank Dr. David Murphy and Dr. Beth Chittick Nolan for their
input during the development of this study. We are grateful to Dr. Ruth
Francis-Floyd, Dr. Elsa Haubold, and Dr. Charles Courtney for their
support throughout the research process. We also thank Dr. Antonio
Mignucci (Puerto Rico) and the Belize Manatee Conservation Project
(BMCP), particularly Nicole Auil Gomez, Jamal Galves, Kevin Andrewin,
and Threnton Welch (Belize) for sharing their data and providing access
to wild-caught manatees as part of the BMCP long-term manatee research
and conservation program. We are grateful to the biologists working with
the FFWCC and the U. S. Geological Survey, whose capture expertise
enabled the sampling of wild Florida manatees. We are particularly
thankful to Andrew Garrett (FFWCC) who assisted with captures in Puerto
Rico and Florida. We thank the entire community of veterinarians and
biologists whose support, encouragement, and monitoring assistance
helped to make this study possible. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
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PU EUROPEAN ASSOC AQUATIC MAMMALS
PI MOLINE
PA C/O DR JEANETTE THOMAS, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, WESTERN ILLIONIS UNIV-QUAD
CITIES, 3561 60TH STREET, MOLINE, IL 61265 USA
SN 0167-5427
J9 AQUAT MAMM
JI Aquat. Mamm.
PY 2012
VL 38
IS 1
BP 1
EP 16
DI 10.1578/AM.38.1.2012.1
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 952TB
UT WOS:000304814200001
ER
PT J
AU Walsh, MG
Boscarino, BT
Marty, J
Johannsson, OE
AF Walsh, Maureen G.
Boscarino, Brent T.
Marty, Jerome
Johannsson, Ora E.
TI Mysis diluviana and Hemimysis anomala: Reviewing the roles of a native
and invasive mysid in the Laurentian Great Lakes region
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Food web; Stable isotopes; Sampling; Nearshore; Population dynamics;
Genetics
ID PONTO-CASPIAN INVADER; RELICTA LOVEN; LIFE-HISTORY; FRESH-WATER;
ONTARIO; HURON; TEMPERATURE; MICHIGAN; GROWTH; DIET
AB Mysis diluviana and Hemimysis anomala are the only two species of mysid shrimps in the order Mysidacea that are present in the Laurentian Great lakes of North America. M. diluviana has inhabited the deep, cold waters of this region since Pleistocene-era glacial retreat and is widely considered to have a central role in the functioning of offshore food webs in systems they inhabit. More recently, the Great Lakes were invaded by the Ponto-Caspian native Hemimysis, a species that inhabits warmer water and shallower depths relative to M. diluviana. Hemimysis has rapidly expanded throughout the Great Lakes region and has become integrated into nearshore food webs as both food for planktivorous fish and predators and competitors of zooplankton. This special issue is composed of 14 papers that represent the most recent advances in our understanding of the ecological importance of both species of mysids to lake and river ecosystems in the Great Lakes region of North America. Topics discussed in this special issue will inform future research in all systems influenced by mysid ecology. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Walsh, Maureen G.] USGS Lake Ontario Biol Stn, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
[Boscarino, Brent T.] Harvey Sch, Katonah, NY 12533 USA.
[Marty, Jerome] Sr Lawrence River Inst, Cornwall, ON K6H 4Z1, Canada.
[Johannsson, Ora E.] Canada Ctr Inland Waters, Great Lakes Lab Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
RP Walsh, MG (reprint author), USGS Lake Ontario Biol Stn, 17 Lake St, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
EM mwalsh@usgs.gov; btb32@cornell.edu; jmarty@riverinstitute.ca;
ora.wood@gmail.com
FU Great Lakes Fisheries Commission (GLFC)
FX We thank the authors and reviewers that contributed to this special
issue. We acknowledge the Great Lakes Fisheries Commission (GLFC) for
providing support on Hemimysis research across the Great Lakes basin.
This article is contribution number 1687 of the USGS Great Lakes Science
Center.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PY 2012
VL 38
SU 2
SI SI
BP 1
EP 6
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2012.03.003
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 953BM
UT WOS:000304841900001
ER
PT J
AU Questel, JM
Walsh, MG
Smith, RJ
Welsh, AB
AF Questel, Jennifer M.
Walsh, Maureen G.
Smith, Randall J., Jr.
Welsh, Amy B.
TI New data on mitochondrial diversity and origin of Hemimysis anomala in
the Laurentian Great Lakes
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Mysid; Invasive species; Range expansion; North America; Ponto-Caspian
ID BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; NORTH-AMERICA; INTRODUCTIONS; CRUSTACEA; BASIN;
POPULATIONS; MYSIDACEA; PATTERNS; INVADERS; GENETICS
AB The most recent Ponto-Caspian species to invade the Laurentian Great Lakes is the crustacean Hemimysis anomala, first reported in 2006. A previous study described three haplotype groups (A, B, C) of H. anomala in native and invaded areas within Europe, but only one haplotype (A1) in a sample from Lake Michigan. Our study expands these results to additional populations in the Great Lakes basin, and evaluates relationships among North American and European populations. A 549-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was analyzed from populations of H. anomala in Lakes Ontario, Erie, Huron, and the St. Lawrence River. Two different haplotypes, A1 and B1, were observed in the sampled populations of H. anomala and in a previous analysis from H. anomala in Oneida Lake (New York). Our results, in contrast with a previous study, detect an additional haplotype in North America. (C) 2011 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Questel, Jennifer M.; Smith, Randall J., Jr.; Welsh, Amy B.] SUNY Coll Oswego, Dept Biol Sci, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
[Walsh, Maureen G.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Ontario Biol Stn, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
RP Questel, JM (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, POB 750391, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM jenn.questel@sfos.uaf.edu; mwalsh@usgs.gov; rsmith3@oswego.edu;
Amy.Welsh@mail.wvu.edu
FU Great Lakes Research Consortium; State University of New York at Oswego;
Department of Biological Sciences at the State University of New York at
Oswego
FX Funding for this study was provided by the New York Great Lakes
Protection Fund through the Great Lakes Research Consortium as well as
the Scholarly and Creative Activities Grant through the State University
of New York at Oswego. Support for sample collection in Sunset Bay, Lake
Ontario was provided by the Doug Halliday research fellowship through
the Department of Biological Sciences at the State University of New
York at Oswego. Samples were provided by Kelly Bowen of the Department
of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ted Schaner of the Ontario Ministry of
Natural Resources, and Jerome Marty of the St. Lawrence River Institute.
We would also like to thank Richard Back for guidance with sampling
protocols and taxonomic identification and Patrick Wallace for volunteer
fieldwork in Sunset Bay, Lake Ontario. This article is Contribution 1667
of the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. Use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by any parties to this work.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PY 2012
VL 38
SU 2
SI SI
BP 14
EP 18
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2011.11.004
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 953BM
UT WOS:000304841900003
ER
PT J
AU Boscarino, BT
Halpin, KE
Rudstam, LG
Walsh, MG
Lantry, BF
AF Boscarino, Brent T.
Halpin, Kathleen E.
Rudstam, Lars G.
Walsh, Maureen G.
Lantry, Brian F.
TI Age-specific light preferences and vertical migration patterns of a
Great Lakes invasive invertebrate, Hemimysis anomala
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Hemimysis; Vertical migration; Light; Experiment; Ontogenetic
ID PONTO-CASPIAN INVADER; MYSIS-RELICTA; ZOOPLANKTON; MYSIDACEA; CRUSTACEA;
SHRIMP; PREDATORS; ONTARIO; FISHES
AB We use a combination of spectral sensitivity analyses, laboratory behavioral observations and field distributions of a vertically migrating invertebrate. Hemimysis anomala (a recent invasive species to the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America), to determine if light preference and timing of emergence has an ontogenetic component. juvenile Hemimysis (<4.5 mm) preferred light levels between 10(-3.4) and 10(-2.4) mylux- a Hemimysis-specific unit of brightness derived from visual pigment analyses (wavelength of maximum absorbance = 500 nm; 1 mylux- 159 lx). These preferred light levels are equivalent to those present during nautical twilight on the Earth's surface and were several orders of magnitude brighter than those most preferred by adults (>4.5 mm) in the laboratory (10(-6.4) to 10(-7.4) mylux). Both size classes completely avoided light levels of 10(-0.4) mylux and greater, which are representative of daytime light levels at the Earth's surface. Net hauls taken at similar to 20-min intervals from sunset to the end of nautical twilight on two sampling occasions on Seneca Lake, New York (sampling depth = 2 m) revealed that juveniles emerged into the water column during civil twilight. Adult Hemimysis emerged later during nautical twilight when juveniles had already reached their maximum abundance in the water column. laboratory-derived light preferences successfully predicted the timing of emergence and time of maximal abundance of both size classes on both sampling occasions. This study is one of the first to demonstrate that Hemimysis diel vertical migration has an ontogenetic component and to report the specific light levels likely to initiate and limit vertical movements. (C) 2011 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Boscarino, Brent T.; Halpin, Kathleen E.; Rudstam, Lars G.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Biol Field Stn, Dept Nat Resources, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
[Walsh, Maureen G.; Lantry, Brian F.] USGS Lake Ontario Biol Stn, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
RP Boscarino, BT (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Cornell Biol Field Stn, Dept Nat Resources, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
EM btb32@cornell.edu; kh387@cornell.edu; lgr1@cornell.edu; mwalsh@usgs.gov;
bflantry@usgs.gov
FU New York Sea Grant project [R/CE-28]; Great Lakes Fisheries Commission
[56818]
FX This research was funded by New York Sea Grant project R/CE-28 and the
Great Lakes Fisheries Commission project 56818. The views expressed are
those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or
USDA. The U.S. Government is authorized to produce and distribute
reprints for governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright
notation that may appear herein. We thank the crew aboard the USGS RN
Kaho, for all of their assistance with the field work in this study, and
Dr. Ellis Loew for his help with MSP analyses. We would also like to
extend a special thanks to the interns associated with the Cornell
Biological Field Station Summer Internship Program, especially Monica
Minson and Jennifer Sun, and also to Dr. Meghan Brown for her help with
collections and sampling site identification. This is contribution #279
of the Cornell Biological Field Station. This article is Contribution
1645 of the USGS Great Lakes Science Center.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PY 2012
VL 38
SU 2
SI SI
BP 37
EP 44
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2011.06.001
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 953BM
UT WOS:000304841900007
ER
PT J
AU Lantry, BF
Gumtow, CF
Walsh, MG
Weidel, BC
Boscarino, BT
Rudstam, LG
AF Lantry, Brian F.
Gumtow, Catherine F.
Walsh, Maureen G.
Weidel, Brian C.
Boscarino, Brent T.
Rudstam, Lars G.
TI Seasonal consumption of Hemimysis anomala by fish in Southeastern Lake
Ontario, 2009-2010
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Hemimysis anomala; Invasive species; Great Lakes; Alewife diets
ID HERRING COREGONUS-ARTEDI; PERCH MORONE-AMERICANA; PONTO-CASPIAN INVADER;
RAINBOW SMELT; WHITE PERCH; PROFUNDAL ZONE; MYSIS-RELICTA; YELLOW PERCH;
BALTIC SEA; FOOD
AB We investigated the seasonal occurrence of Hemimysis anomala in the diets of fish that prey on macroinvertebrates at two sites with established Hemimysis populations east of Oswego, NY, during 2009-2010. In 2009, we examined 320 stomachs from 10 species and found Hemimysis only in alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), rockbass (Ambloplites rupestris), and yellow perch (Perca flavescens). Of those species, alewife consumed Hemimysis most frequently and it represented a greater proportion of their diets. During 2009, the dry weight composition of Hemimysis in alewife diets varied seasonally between <1% in June, 5% in July, 98.5% in August, and 18.8% in September. In contrast, we examined 667 stomachs from 15 species in 2010 and observed Hemimysis in only one alewife and two rockbass stomachs. For alewife from September 2009, we found no relationship between predator size and the number of Hemimysis consumed, or between the presence of Hemimysis in fish diets and the presence of other diet taxa or diet diversity. Fish diets collected as bycatch from other assessments revealed large numbers of Hemimysis in fishes that had not previously been observed consuming Hemimysis in Lake Ontario, including cisco (Coregonus artedi) and white perch (Morone americana). Our results indicate Hemimysis consumption by nearshore fish can be high, but that it is variable across seasons and years, and may be most prevalent in fish that feed up in the water column, at or near dark, and have the ability to consume swift moving prey like Mysis diluviana or small fish. (C) 2011 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lantry, Brian F.; Gumtow, Catherine F.; Walsh, Maureen G.; Weidel, Brian C.] USGS Lake Ontario Biol Stn, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
[Boscarino, Brent T.; Rudstam, Lars G.] Dept Nat Resources, Cornell Biol Field Stn, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
RP Lantry, BF (reprint author), USGS Lake Ontario Biol Stn, 17 Lake St, Oswego, NY 13126 USA.
EM bflantry@usgs.gov; cgumtow@usgs.gov; mwalsh@usgs.gov; bweidel@usgs.gov;
btb32@cornell.edu; lgr1@cornell.edu
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PY 2012
VL 38
SU 2
SI SI
BP 73
EP 78
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2011.08.007
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 953BM
UT WOS:000304841900012
ER
PT J
AU Hinderer, JLM
Jude, DJ
Schaeffer, JS
Warner, DM
Scavia, D
AF Hinderer, Julia L. Mida
Jude, David J.
Schaeffer, Jeffrey S.
Warner, David M.
Scavia, Donald
TI Lipids and fatty acids of Mysis diluviana in lakes Michigan and Huron,
2008
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Lower food web; Mysids; Ecosystem health; Lipids
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; DEEP-WATER SCULPIN; LIMNOCALANUS-MACRURUS;
SEASONAL-CHANGES; OPOSSUM SHRIMP; FISH COMMUNITY; FOOD-WEB; RELICTA;
DYNAMICS; DIPOREIA
AB The opossum shrimp (Mysis diluviana) is a vital component of Great Lakes food webs. Baseline data on the nutritional condition of Mysis populations are necessary to evaluate potential impacts of recent, dramatic changes in the lower food webs of lakes Michigan and Huron. Information on lipid and fatty acid content can reveal patterns of health and physiological condition of mysids, including inferences on availability and quality of food. We sampled Mysis populations in the two lakes in spring and late summer/early fall 2008 and analyzed total lipid content and fatty acid profiles to describe Mysis nutritional condition. On average, adult Mysis in Lake Huron had lower total lipids and elevated concentrations of the fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid compared with Lake Michigan. although differences were not always significant. Results suggest that Lake Huron Mysis could have been starving during spring 2008. (C) 2011 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hinderer, Julia L. Mida; Jude, David J.; Scavia, Donald] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Schaeffer, Jeffrey S.; Warner, David M.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Hinderer, JLM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM midaj@umich.edu; djude@umich.edu; jschaeffer@usgs.gov;
dmwarner@usgs.gov; scavia@umich.edu
RI Hinderer, Julia/A-9331-2013; Mensinger, Allen/B-7349-2013;
OI Scavia, Donald/0000-0002-2784-8269
FU University of Michigan Rackham Graduate School; University of Michigan
School of Natural Resources and Environment; USGS Great Lakes Science
Center; U.S. EPA-GLNPO [GL-00E23601]
FX Funding for this work was provided by the University of Michigan Rackham
Graduate School, the University of Michigan School of Natural Resources
and Environment, USGS Great Lakes Science Center, and in part by U.S.
EPA-GLNPO Grant no.GL-00E23601. The authors wish to thank the following
people for assistance in the field and the laboratory: Glenn Carter,
Kyung-Seo Park, Stephen Hensler, Greg Jacobs, Catherine Riseng, Linda
Begnoche, and Courtenay Vining. We also acknowledge the crews of the RN
Peter Wise Lake Guardian and the RN Sturgeon.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PY 2012
VL 38
SU 2
SI SI
BP 93
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2011.07.001
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 953BM
UT WOS:000304841900015
ER
PT J
AU Budy, P
Wood, S
Roper, B
AF Budy, Phaedra
Wood, Sara
Roper, Brett
TI A Study of the Spawning Ecology and Early Life History Survival of
Bonneville Cutthroat Trout
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID BULL TROUT; SNAKE RIVER; REDD COUNTS; MIGRATION PATTERNS; CHINOOK
SALMON; GOLDEN TROUT; BROWN TROUT; HABITAT; ABUNDANCE; TRIBUTARY
AB We completed a large-scale field experiment in four tributaries of the Logan River, Utah, where the largest metapopulation of imperiled Bonneville cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii utah persists. We documented the spatial and temporal distributions of spawners, quantified substrate use versus substrate availability, and evaluated differences in hatch and emergence fry success between and among sites in relation to habitat characteristics. We observed considerable variability in the timing, magnitude, and duration of spawning among study areas (streams), in part as a function of a variable, multipeaked hydrograph. Nevertheless, across study areas, >70% of redds were constructed on the final descending limb of the hydrograph. Despite large differences in the amount of spawning substrate available, Bonneville cutthroat trout utilized a narrow range of substrate and sizes (3-80 mm) similar to that utilized by other subspecies of cutthroat trout, albeit biased towards larger sizes. Water temperatures generally remained below the recommended range (6-17 degrees C) for spawning; however, the viability of this metapopulation of cutthroat trout suggests that the recommended temperature range for spawning is overestimated for this subspecies and (or) does not account for local thermal adaptation. Hatch varied from 43% to 77% and emergence survival from 39% to 65% among streams, and within-stream variability was substantial; both survival rates declined significantly as a function of increased fine sediment concentrations. Egg development rates were nearly 50% greater in a high-elevation tributary where redd counts were also lowest. In high, mountain systems with short growing seasons, this incubation delay likely presents a significant growth disadvantage for age-0 trout. Our research enhances our understanding of Bonneville cutthroat trout spawning ecology and early survival and provides critical information for aiding in the development of benchmarks for their recovery. Effective conservation efforts should be directed towards minimizing anthropogenic activities that result in excess sedimentation in their critical spawning tributaries.
C1 [Budy, Phaedra] Utah State Univ, US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Roper, Brett] US Forest Serv, Fish & Aquat Ecol Unit, Logan, UT 84321 USA.
RP Budy, P (reprint author), Utah State Univ, US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM phaedra.budy@usu.edu
FU U.S. Forest Service, Utah Division of Wildlife Resources [F-47-R]
FX This research was primarily funded by the U.S. Forest Service, Utah
Division of Wildlife Resources, Project XII, Sport Fisheries Research,
Grant Number F-47-R, Segment 20 and in-kind support from the U.S.
Geological Survey, Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit.
Special thanks to Gary Thiede for providing technical advice and
logistical oversight of our field crews, and graduate students in the
Fish Ecology Laboratory at Utah State University. Susan Durham provided
statistical advice and assistance and Christy Meredith assisted with GIS
and graphical issues. We would also like to thank David Koons and
Jeremiah Wood for intellectual and field contributions; a long list of
seasonal technicians also assisted with fieldwork. Any use of trade
product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 3
BP 436
EP 449
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.675945
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 951AQ
UT WOS:000304693400003
ER
PT J
AU Marcot, BG
Allen, CS
Morey, S
Shively, D
White, R
AF Marcot, Bruce G.
Allen, Chris S.
Morey, Steve
Shively, Dan
White, Rollie
TI An Expert Panel Approach to Assessing Potential Effects of Bull Trout
Reintroduction on Federally Listed Salmonids in the Clackamas River,
Oregon
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; MODELS; KNOWLEDGE; JUDGMENT; SYSTEM
AB The bull trout Salvelinus confluentus is an apex predator in native fish communities in the western USA and is listed as threatened under the U. S. Endangered Species Act (ESA). Restoration of this species has raised concerns over its potential predatory impacts on native fish fauna. We held a five-person expert panel to help determine potential impacts of reintroducing bull trout into the Clackamas River, northwest Oregon, on the viability of four anadromous salmonid populations that are listed as threatened under the ESA: spring and fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, coho salmon O. kisutch, and winter steelhead O. mykiss. The panel session was rigorously structured and used a modified Delphi process with structured expert elicitation, disclosure, discussion, and brainstorming. Each panelist distributed 100 score points among seven categories of potential bull trout impact (from no impact to very high impact) on extinction probabilities for the anadromous salmonids. Results were provided by individual panelists rather than as a group consensus and were summarized as means and variations in scores to express the panelists' individual uncertainty, variability among the panelists, and expected differences among the affected salmonids. Score results suggested that panelists viewed the potential impact of bull trout as very low or moderately low for spring Chinook salmon, coho salmon, and winter steelhead and mostly none to very low for fall Chinook salmon. Panelists also provided 19 possible monitoring activities and 21 possible management actions for assessing potential impacts and taking remedial action if bull trout are found to have unacceptable adverse effects. Results of the panel were used by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service to help craft and execute a plan to reintroduce bull trout into the Clackamas River system under the ESA. This rigorous expert panel process can be used for a wide range of evaluations in situations where empirical data are sparse or ecological interactions are too complex for explicit analytic solution.
C1 [Marcot, Bruce G.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA.
[Allen, Chris S.; White, Rollie] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Oregon Fish & Wildlife Off, Portland, OR 97266 USA.
[Morey, Steve; Shively, Dan] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Reg Off, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
RP Marcot, BG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 620 SW Main St, Portland, OR 97205 USA.
EM brucem@spiritone.com
FU USFWS; U.S. Forest Service; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife; PGE;
NOAA-Fisheries; Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation;
U.S. Geological Survey
FX Success of the workshop was largely due to the contributions and
participation of the five expert panelists-Dave Beauchamp, Jason Dunham,
Kathryn Kostow, Paul McElhany, and Michael Meeuwig-and the management
support provided by Chris Wheaton (Oregon Department of Fish and
Wildlife), Paul Henson and Miel Corbett (USFWS), and Gary Larson (U. S.
Forest Service). Agencies and institutions that sponsored and
contributed to the success of this workshop included the USFWS, U.S.
Forest Service, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, PGE,
NOAA-Fisheries, Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation, and
U.S. Geological Survey. We also extend our thanks to the following
invited speakers for their presentations: Todd Alsbury, Doug Cramer,
Dave Beauchamp, and Jason Dunham. A workshop final report (including the
full agenda, invitation letter, project question-and-answer sheet,
panelist explanatory notes, and other details) is available from the
senior author upon request.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 3
BP 450
EP 465
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.675959
PG 16
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 951AQ
UT WOS:000304693400004
ER
PT J
AU Rook, BJ
Hansen, MJ
Gorman, OT
AF Rook, Benjamin J.
Hansen, Michael J.
Gorman, Owen T.
TI The Spatial Scale for Cisco Recruitment Dynamics in Lake Superior during
1978-2007
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID HERRING COREGONUS-ARTEDI; MAXIMUM REPRODUCTIVE RATE; LAURENTIAN
GREAT-LAKES; SMELT OSMERUS-MORDAX; RAINBOW SMELT; POPULATION-DYNAMICS;
POMATOMUS SALTATRIX; FISH COMMUNITY; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CLASS STRENGTH
AB The cisco Coregonus artedi was once the most abundant fish species in the Great Lakes, but currently cisco populations are greatly reduced and management agencies are attempting to restore the species throughout the basin. To increase understanding of the spatial scale at which density-independent and density-dependent factors influence cisco recruitment dynamics in the Great Lakes, we used a Ricker stock-recruitment model to identify and quantify the appropriate spatial scale for modeling age-1 cisco recruitment dynamics in Lake Superior. We found that the recruitment variation of ciscoes in Lake Superior was best described by a five-parameter regional model with separate stock-recruitment relationships for the western, southern, eastern, and northern regions. The spatial scale for modeling was about 260 km (range = 230-290 km). We also found that the density-independent recruitment rate and the rate of compensatory density dependence varied among regions at different rates. The density-independent recruitment rate was constant among regions (3.6 age-1 recruits/spawner), whereas the rate of compensatory density dependence varied 16-fold among regions (range = -0.2 to -2.9/spawner). Finally, we found that peak recruitment and the spawning stock size that produced peak recruitment varied among regions. Both peak recruitment (0.5-7.1 age-1 recruits/ha) and the spawning stock size that produced peak recruitment (0.3-5.3 spawners/ha) varied 16-fold among regions. Our findings support the hypothesis that the factors driving cisco recruitment operate within four different regions of Lake Superior, suggest that large-scale abiotic factors are more important than small-scale biotic factors in influencing cisco recruitment, and suggest that fishery managers throughout Lake Superior and the entire Great Lakes basin should address cisco restoration and management efforts on a regional scale in each lake.
C1 [Rook, Benjamin J.] Cramer Fish Sci, Auburn, CA 95602 USA.
[Hansen, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Gorman, Owen T.] US Geol Survey, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
RP Rook, BJ (reprint author), Cramer Fish Sci, 13300 New Airport Rd, Auburn, CA 95602 USA.
EM rook@fishsciences.net
OI Hansen, Michael/0000-0001-8522-3876
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission
FX We would like to thank the Great Lakes Fishery Commission for funding
this project. Thanks to Don Schreiner, Steve Geving, and Ted Halpern
from the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Steve Schram and
Mike Seider from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Shawn
Sitar from the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Jeff Black and
Steve Chong from the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, and Bill
Mattes from the Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission, all of
whom made this project possible by providing assessment and commercial
fishery data. Kevin Russell and Eric Anderson provided guidance and
valuable discussion. Thanks to everyone at the Lake Superior Biological
Station, specifically Dan Yule, for providing one very hard-to-find book
and Lori Evrard for database support.
NR 93
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U1 0
U2 23
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 3
BP 499
EP 514
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.680005
PG 16
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 951AQ
UT WOS:000304693400008
ER
PT J
AU Dorresteijn, I
Kitaysky, AS
Barger, C
Benowitz-Fredericks, ZM
Byrd, GV
Shultz, M
Young, R
AF Dorresteijn, I.
Kitaysky, A. S.
Barger, C.
Benowitz-Fredericks, Z. M.
Byrd, G. V.
Shultz, M.
Young, R.
TI Climate affects food availability to planktivorous least auklets Aethia
pusilla through physical processes in the southeastern Bering Sea
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate impacts; Nutritional stress; Oceanic shelf-system; Seabirds;
Stable isotopes; Corticosterone
ID OSCILLATING CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; STABLE-ISOTOPES; STRESS-RESPONSE;
POPULATION PROCESSES; NUTRITIONAL STRESS; PRIBILOF ISLANDS; URIA-AALGE;
SEABIRDS; CORTICOSTERONE; ZOOPLANKTON
AB Climate change might affect marine top predators by altering availability and nutritional quality of their prey. Climate effects vary on a regional basis, and our understanding of the relationships between fluctuations in climate and food resources in sub-arctic regions with seasonal ice cover is limited. We studied the effects of inter-annual climate variability (as reflected in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, PDO, and the timing of the winter ice retreat) on zooplankton-planktivorous predator linkages in one of the most productive regions of the southeastern Bering Sea, the 'Green Belt'. We examined changes in diets (species composition of chick meals and stable isotope signatures of adult blood) and relative food availability (as reflected in blood plasma concentrations of the stress hormone corticosterone) of planktivorous least auklets Aethia pusilla breeding on St. George I. (shelf-break) and St. Paul I. (shelf) during 2003 to 2005 and 2008 to 2009. We found that isotopic signatures of blood and composition of chick meals differed between the colonies. The proportion of energy-rich oceanic copepods Neocalanus spp. in the diet declined during warm years (high PDO and early ice retreat) on St. Paul but not on St. George. However, inter-annual and seasonal dynamics of corticosterone were similar between the colonies, and auklets experienced higher nutritional stress during warm compared to cold years. Our results suggest that the influx of prey-bearing water masses from the ocean basin and the retention time of oceanic copepods on the shelf are the main factors affecting composition of prey and its availability to auklets. We conclude that anticipated climate warming will negatively affect food availability of planktivorous predators in the Green Belt region of the southeastern Bering Sea.
C1 [Dorresteijn, I.; Kitaysky, A. S.; Barger, C.; Benowitz-Fredericks, Z. M.; Shultz, M.; Young, R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Byrd, G. V.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Alaska Maritime Natl Wildlife Refuge, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
[Benowitz-Fredericks, Z. M.] Bucknell Univ, Dept Biol, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA.
RP Dorresteijn, I (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM ine.dorresteijn@gmail.com
OI Benowitz-Fredericks, Z Morgan/0000-0002-9265-3169
FU NPRB [320, B67]; HSP; AUV; Jo-Kolk Studiefonds
FX We thank S. Baker, A. Banks, J. Citta, T. Dempsey, H. Douglas, B.
Drummond, C. Hovnanian, S. Iverson, J. Klima, C. Polli, A. Springer, C.
Thomson, T. Vergoz, S. Wang and S. Youngren for their great work in the
field. We thank E. Kitaiskaia for her excellent hormone analyses; K.
Turco and C. Stark for identification of zooplankton; N. Haubenstock and
T. Howe from the Stable Isotope facilities in Fairbanks for conducting
SIA. Thanks to R. Parades for help with Fig. 1. G. Hunt, J. Schultner
and 3 anonymous reviewers provided us with helpful comments on previous
drafts of this manuscript. This study was conducted under the University
of Alaska IACUC protocols and all required federal and state permits.
This project was supported by NPRB 320 and B67 grants to A. S. K., and
by grants from the HSP-fonds, AUV-fonds and Jo-Kolk Studiefonds to I. D.
This paper is NPRB Publication #305 and BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project
Publication #26
NR 58
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U1 3
U2 28
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 454
BP 207
EP 220
DI 10.3354/meps09372
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 949VW
UT WOS:000304605500017
ER
PT J
AU Zellner, ML
Reeves, HW
AF Zellner, Moira L.
Reeves, Howard W.
TI Examining the contradiction in 'sustainable urban growth': an example of
groundwater sustainability
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE sustainable development; urban form; groundwater; agent-based modelling;
MODFLOW
ID LAND-USE; USE MODEL; FORM; PATTERNS; SYSTEMS; SPRAWL
AB The environmental planning literature proposes a set of 'best management practices' for urban development that assumes improvement in environmental quality as a result of specific urban patterns. These best management practices, however, often do not recognise finite biophysical limits and social impacts that urban patterns alone cannot overcome. To shed light on this debate, we explore the effects of different degrees of urban clustering on groundwater levels using a coupled land-use change and groundwater-flow model. Our simulations show that specific urban forms only slow down the impact on groundwater. As population increases, the pattern in which it is accommodated ceases to matter, and widespread depletion ensues. These results are predictable, yet current planning practice tends to take growth for granted and is reluctant to envision either no-growth scenarios or the prospect of depletion. We propose to use simulations such as those presented here to aid in policy discussions that allow decision makers to question the assumption of sustainable growth and suggest alternative forms of development.
C1 [Zellner, Moira L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Urban Planning & Policy, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Zellner, Moira L.] Univ Illinois, Inst Environm Sci & Policy, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Reeves, Howard W.] US Geol Survey, USGS Michigan Water Sci Ctr, Lansing, MI 48911 USA.
RP Zellner, ML (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Urban Planning & Policy, 412 S Peoria St MC 348, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
EM mzellner@uic.edu
OI Reeves, Howard/0000-0001-8057-2081
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 14
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0964-0568
J9 J ENVIRON PLANN MAN
JI J. Environ. Plan. Manag.
PY 2012
VL 55
IS 5
BP 545
EP 562
DI 10.1080/09640568.2011.614426
PG 18
WC Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 946AX
UT WOS:000304321400001
ER
PT J
AU Chen, F
Lin, H
Zhang, Y
Lu, Z
AF Chen, F.
Lin, H.
Zhang, Y.
Lu, Z.
TI Ground subsidence geo-hazards induced by rapid urbanization:
implications from InSAR observation and geological analysis
SO NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID PEARL RIVER DELTA; RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; SAR
INTERFEROMETRY; DEFORMATION; CHINA; BASIN; AREA; CITY
AB Due to the convenient transportation and construction, cities are prone to be situated in areas with flat terrain and unstable sediments, resulting in the concurrence of ground subsidence and urbanization. Here the interaction between geology, anthropogenic processes and ground subsidence geo-hazards were investigated in the Greater Pearl River Delta region of China. Geological evidences and 2006-2010 persistent scatterer data indicate that anthropogenic activities are dominant, although the distribution of river system and Quaternary sediments are also highly related to significant displacements (primarily at a rate of -15 to 15 mm a(-1)). The surface displacements derived by synthetic aperture radar interferometry suggest that the urbanization rhythm has to be routinely monitored. Considering analogous urbanization modes, particularly in developing countries, ground subsidence monitoring together with the analysis of its driving force are critical for geo-hazards early-warning, city planning as well as sustainable urbanization.
C1 [Chen, F.; Lin, H.; Zhang, Y.] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Inst Space & Earth Informat Sci, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Z.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Lin, H (reprint author), Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Inst Space & Earth Informat Sci, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM huilin@cuhk.edu.hk
FU Research Grants Council of HKSAR, China [CUHK450210]; HKSAR, China
[ITS/152/11FP]
FX This study was supported by funding from the Research Grants Council of
HKSAR, China (CUHK450210), and Innovation and Technology Support
Programme of HKSAR, China (ITS/152/11FP). The digital elevation model of
the investigated zone was acquired through the SRTM archive. Original
Envisat ASAR data are copyright of the European Space Agency. We also
thank Prof. Yunpeng Wang and his research group from Guangzhou Institute
of Geochemistry under the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Prof. Bernard
de Jong from Utrecht University in Netherlands for their help and advice
in the field-work of the Guangzhou urban areas in 2009 and 2010.
NR 26
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Z9 11
U1 1
U2 13
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1561-8633
J9 NAT HAZARD EARTH SYS
JI Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 4
BP 935
EP 942
DI 10.5194/nhess-12-935-2012
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA 942QF
UT WOS:000304061000007
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, LE
AF Edwards, Lucy E.
TI Dinocyst taphonomy, impact craters, cyst ghosts and the Paleocene-Eocene
thermal maximum (PETM)
SO PALYNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE dinoflagellates; taphonomy; preservation; Paleocene; Eocene; Chesapeake
Bay impact; PETM
ID WALLED DINOFLAGELLATE CYSTS; CARBON-ISOTOPE EXCURSION; OCEANIC METHANE
HYDRATE; COMET IMPACT; NEW-JERSEY; PRESERVATION; SEDIMENTS; SHELF;
DISSOCIATION; ASSEMBLAGES
AB Dinocysts recovered from sediments related to the Chesapeake Bay impact structure in Virginia and the earliest Eocene suboxic environment in Maryland show strange and intriguing details of preservation. Features such as curled processes, opaque debris, breakage, microborings and cyst ghosts, among others, invite speculation about catastrophic depositional processes, rapid burial and biological and chemical decay. Selected specimens from seven cores taken in the coastal plain of Virginia and Maryland show abnormal preservation features in various combinations that merit illustration, description, discussion and further study. Although the depositional environments described are extreme, many of the features discussed are known from, or could be found in, other environments. These environments will show both similarities to and differences from the extreme environments here.
C1 US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
RP Edwards, LE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 926A Natl Ctr, Reston, VA USA.
EM leedward@usgs.gov
NR 71
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0191-6122
J9 PALYNOLOGY
JI Palynology
PY 2012
VL 36
SU 1
SI SI
BP 80
EP 95
DI 10.1080/01916122.2012.679205
PG 16
WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology
SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology
GA 947VL
UT WOS:000304460700006
ER
PT S
AU Ulrich, EM
Morrison, CN
Goldsmith, MR
Foreman, WT
AF Ulrich, Elin M.
Morrison, Candice N.
Goldsmith, Michael R.
Foreman, William T.
BE Whitacre, DM
TI Chiral Pesticides: Identification, Description, and Environmental
Implications
SO REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 217
SE Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
ID SPHINGOMONAS-HERBICIDOVORANS MH; ENANTIOSELECTIVE DEGRADATION;
ENANTIOMERIC COMPOSITION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ATTRACTANT PHEROMONE;
GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR DATABASE; SURFACE-WATER; PINE-BEETLE;
SEPARATION
C1 [Ulrich, Elin M.; Goldsmith, Michael R.] US EPA EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Morrison, Candice N.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA.
[Morrison, Candice N.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Foreman, William T.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Ulrich, EM (reprint author), US EPA EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Maildrop D205-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM ulrich.elin@epa.gov
FU EAPO CDC HHS [EP08D000135]
NR 73
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Z9 34
U1 6
U2 83
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 0179-5953
BN 978-1-4614-2328-7
J9 REV ENVIRON CONTAM T
JI Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PY 2012
VL 217
BP 1
EP 74
DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-2329-4_1
D2 10.1007/978-14614-2329-4
PG 74
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA BAD89
UT WOS:000303895500001
PM 22350557
ER
PT J
AU Brown, G
Montag, JM
Lyon, K
AF Brown, Greg
Montag, Jessica M.
Lyon, Katie
TI Public Participation GIS: A Method for Identifying Ecosystem Services
SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE ecosystem services; GIS; public participation
ID LANDSCAPE VALUES; VALUATION; FRAMEWORK; TYPOLOGY; GOODS
AB This study evaluated the use of an Internet-based public participation geographic information system (PPGIS) to identify ecosystem services in Grand County, Colorado. Specific research objectives were to examine the distribution of ecosystem services, identify the characteristics of participants in the study, explore potential relationships between ecosystem services and land use and land cover (LULC) classifications, and assess the methodological strengths and weakness of the PPGIS approach for identifying ecosystem services. Key findings include: (1) Cultural ecosystem service opportunities were easiest to identify while supporting and regulatory services most challenging, (2) participants were highly educated, knowledgeable about nature and science, and have a strong connection to the outdoors, (3) some LULC classifications were logically and spatially associated with ecosystem services, and (4) despite limitations, the PPGIS method demonstrates potential for identifying ecosystem services to augment expert judgment and to inform public or environmental policy decisions regarding land use trade-offs.
C1 [Brown, Greg] Univ Queensland, Sch Geog Planning & Environm Management, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Montag, Jessica M.; Lyon, Katie] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Brown, G (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Geog Planning & Environm Management, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM greg.brown@uq.edu.au
OI Lyon, Katie/0000-0002-7455-6891
NR 44
TC 54
Z9 56
U1 10
U2 61
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0894-1920
J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR
JI Soc. Nat. Resour.
PY 2012
VL 25
IS 7
BP 633
EP 651
DI 10.1080/08941920.2011.621511
PG 19
WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology
GA 948AH
UT WOS:000304475300002
ER
PT J
AU Nadeau, CP
Conway, CJ
AF Nadeau, Christopher P.
Conway, Courtney J.
TI Field evaluation of distance-estimation error during wetland-dependent
bird surveys
SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE detection probability; distance error; distance sampling; marsh birds
ID POINT-COUNT SURVEYS; ESTIMATING DETECTION PROBABILITY;
SOUND-TRANSMISSION; POPULATION INDEXES; BASICS RIGHT; DENSITY;
ABUNDANCE; VEGETATION; PROTOCOL; NEED
AB Context. The most common methods to estimate detection probability during avian point-count surveys involve recording a distance between the survey point and individual birds detected during the survey period. Accurately measuring or estimating distance is an important assumption of these methods; however, this assumption is rarely tested in the context of aural avian point-count surveys.
Aims. We expand on recent bird-simulation studies to document the error associated with estimating distance to calling birds in a wetland ecosystem.
Methods. We used two approaches to estimate the error associated with five surveyor's distance estimates between the survey point and calling birds, and to determine the factors that affect a surveyor's ability to estimate distance.
Key results. We observed biased and imprecise distance estimates when estimating distance to simulated birds in a point-count scenario ((x) over bar (error) = -9m, s.d.(error) = 47m) and when estimating distances to real birds during field trials ((x) over bar (error) = 39m, s.d.(error) = 79 m). The amount of bias and precision in distance estimates differed among surveyors; surveyors with more training and experience were less biased and more precise when estimating distance to both real and simulated birds. Three environmental factors were important in explaining the error associated with distance estimates, including the measured distance from the bird to the surveyor, the volume of the call and the species of bird. Surveyors tended to make large overestimations to birds close to the survey point, which is an especially serious error in distance sampling.
Conclusions. Our results suggest that distance-estimation error is prevalent, but surveyor training may be the easiest way to reduce distance-estimation error.
Implications. The present study has demonstrated how relatively simple field trials can be used to estimate the error associated with distance estimates used to estimate detection probability during avian point-count surveys. Evaluating distance-estimation errors will allow investigators to better evaluate the accuracy of avian density and trend estimates. Moreover, investigators who evaluate distance-estimation errors could employ recently developed models to incorporate distance-estimation error into analyses. We encourage further development of such models, including the inclusion of such models into distance-analysis software.
C1 [Conway, Courtney J.] Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Nadeau, Christopher P.] Univ Arizona, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Nadeau, CP (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM cpn28@cornell.edu
FU University of Arizona Honors College; University of Arizona IACUC
[06-184]
FX The authors thank N. Bartok, M. Conway, A. Larned and J. Mohlmann for
participating in this study. Imperial National Wildlife Refuge and Sonny
Bono-Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge provided field housing,
permission to conduct field trials at their managed marshes, and other
logistical support. The University of Arizona Honors College and their
Undergraduate Research Grant Program provided financial support for the
project. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the USA Government. This study was
performed under the auspices of University of Arizona IACUC protocol
#06-184.
NR 45
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Z9 2
U1 2
U2 44
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI CLAYTON
PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC
3168, AUSTRALIA
SN 1035-3712
EI 1448-5494
J9 WILDLIFE RES
JI Wildl. Res.
PY 2012
VL 39
IS 4
BP 311
EP 320
DI 10.1071/WR11161
PG 10
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 947SK
UT WOS:000304450100005
ER
PT J
AU Padding, PI
Royle, JA
AF Padding, Paul I.
Royle, J. Andrew
TI Assessment of bias in US waterfowl harvest estimates
SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE correction factors; ducks; geese; reporting rates
ID BAND REPORTING RATES; NONRESPONSE BIAS; REWARD BAND; MALLARDS;
PROPORTION
AB Context. North American waterfowl managers have long suspected that waterfowl harvest estimates derived from national harvest surveys in the USA are biased high. Survey bias can be evaluated by comparing survey results with like estimates from independent sources.
Aims. We used band-recovery data to assess the magnitude of apparent bias in duck and goose harvest estimates, using mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and Canada geese (Branta canadensis) as representatives of ducks and geese, respectively.
Methods. We compared the number of reported mallard and Canada goose band recoveries, adjusted for band reporting rates, with the estimated harvests of banded mallards and Canada geese from the national harvest surveys. We used the results of those comparisons to develop correction factors that can be applied to annual duck and goose harvest estimates of the national harvest survey.
Key results. National harvest survey estimates of banded mallards harvested annually averaged 1.37 times greater than those calculated from band-recovery data, whereas Canada goose harvest estimates averaged 1.50 or 1.63 times greater than comparable band-recovery estimates, depending on the harvest survey methodology used.
Conclusions. Duck harvest estimates produced by the national harvest survey from 1971 to 2010 should be reduced by a factor of 0.73 (95% CI = 0.71-0.75) to correct for apparent bias. Survey-specific correction factors of 0.67 (95% CI = 0.65-0.69) and 0.61 (95% CI = 0.59-0.64) should be applied to the goose harvest estimates for 1971-2001 (duck stamp-based survey) and 1999-2010 (HIP-based survey), respectively.
Implications. Although this apparent bias likely has not influenced waterfowl harvest management policy in the USA, it does have negative impacts on some applications of harvest estimates, such as indirect estimation of population size. For those types of analyses, we recommend applying the appropriate correction factor to harvest estimates.
C1 [Padding, Paul I.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Royle, J. Andrew] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Padding, PI (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, 11510 Amer Holly Dr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM paul_padding@fws.gov
OI Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
NR 34
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 15
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1035-3712
J9 WILDLIFE RES
JI Wildl. Res.
PY 2012
VL 39
IS 4
BP 336
EP 342
DI 10.1071/WR11105
PG 7
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 947SK
UT WOS:000304450100008
ER
PT J
AU Heffernan, JB
Albertin, AR
Fork, ML
Katz, BG
Cohen, MJ
AF Heffernan, J. B.
Albertin, A. R.
Fork, M. L.
Katz, B. G.
Cohen, M. J.
TI Denitrification and inference of nitrogen sources in the karstic
Floridan Aquifer
SO BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID OXYGEN-ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; GAS RECHARGE TEMPERATURES; NITRATE
CONTAMINATION; GROUND-WATER; ORGANIC-CARBON; FRESH-WATER; SPRINGS;
SYSTEM; SHALLOW; RIVER
AB Aquifer denitrification is among the most poorly constrained fluxes in global and regional nitrogen budgets. The few direct measurements of denitrification in groundwaters provide limited information about its spatial and temporal variability, particularly at the scale of whole aquifers. Uncertainty in estimates of denitrification may also lead to underestimates of its effect on isotopic signatures of inorganic N, and thereby confound the inference of N source from these data. In this study, our objectives are to quantify the magnitude and variability of denitrification in the Upper Floridan Aquifer (UFA) and evaluate its effect on N isotopic signatures at the regional scale. Using dual noble gas tracers (Ne, Ar) to generate physical predictions of N-2 gas concentrations for 112 observations from 61 UFA springs, we show that excess (i.e. denitrification-derived) N-2 is highly variable in space and inversely correlated with dissolved oxygen (O-2). Negative relationships between O-2 and delta N-15(NO3) across a larger dataset of 113 springs, well-constrained isotopic fractionation coefficients, and strong N-15:O-18 covariation further support inferences of denitrification in this uniquely organic-matter-poor system. Despite relatively low average rates, denitrification accounted for 32 % of estimated aquifer N inputs across all sampled UFA springs. Back-calculations of source delta N-15(NO3) based on denitrification progression suggest that isotopically-enriched nitrate (NO3-) in many springs of the UFA reflects groundwater denitrification rather than urban- or animal-derived inputs.
C1 [Heffernan, J. B.] Florida Int Univ, SE Environm Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Albertin, A. R.; Cohen, M. J.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Katz, B. G.] US Geol Survey, Tallahassee, FL USA.
[Heffernan, J. B.; Fork, M. L.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
RP Heffernan, JB (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM james.heffernan@duke.edu
RI Heffernan, James/D-1261-2010; Cohen, Matthew/F-7117-2013
OI Heffernan, James/0000-0001-7641-9949;
FU St. Johns River Water Management District; Southwest Florida Water
Management District; Three Rivers Foundation; National Science
Foundation [EAR 0838390]
FX The authors wish to thank Larry Kohrnak and Chad Foster for their help
with field sampling, and Steve Walsh, Sharon Kroenig, and Leel Knowles
for sharing data. S.V. Panno, K.C. Hackley, Pete McMahon, and two
anonymous reviewers provided insightful comments that helped clarify
many aspects of this paper. This research was supported by grants from
the St. Johns River Water Management District, the Southwest Florida
Water Management District, the Three Rivers Foundation, and the National
Science Foundation (EAR 0838390). The conclusions in this paper are
those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policy
of any state or federal agency.
NR 86
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U1 2
U2 39
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1726-4170
EI 1726-4189
J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES
JI Biogeosciences
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 5
BP 1671
EP 1690
DI 10.5194/bg-9-1671-2012
PG 20
WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 942NV
UT WOS:000304052500007
ER
PT J
AU Ebel, BA
Hinckley, ES
Martin, DA
AF Ebel, B. A.
Hinckley, E. S.
Martin, D. A.
TI Soil-water dynamics and unsaturated storage during snowmelt following
wildfire
SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; FROZEN SOIL; STREAMFLOW
GENERATION; MOUNTAIN CATCHMENT; PREFERENTIAL FLOW; ROOT-GROWTH; FIRE;
FOREST; TEMPERATURE
AB Many forested watersheds with a substantial fraction of precipitation delivered as snow have the potential for landscape disturbance by wildfire. Little is known about the immediate effects of wildfire on snowmelt and near-surface hydrologic responses, including soil-water storage. Montane systems at the rain-snow transition have soil-water dynamics that are further complicated during the snowmelt period by strong aspect controls on snowmelt and soil thawing. Here we present data from field measurements of snow hydrology and subsurface hydrologic and temperature responses during the first winter and spring after the September 2010 Fourmile Canyon Fire in Colorado, USA. Our observations of soil-water content and soil temperature show sharp contrasts in hydrologic and thermal conditions between north- and south-facing slopes. South-facing burned soils were similar to 1-2 A degrees C warmer on average than north-facing burned soils and similar to 1.5 A degrees C warmer than south-facing unburned soils, which affected soil thawing during the snowmelt period. Soil-water dynamics also differed by aspect: in response to soil thawing, soil-water content increased approximately one month earlier on south-facing burned slopes than on north-facing burned slopes. While aspect and wildfire affect soil-water dynamics during snowmelt, soil-water storage at the end of the snowmelt period reached the value at field capacity for each plot, suggesting that post-snowmelt unsaturated storage was not substantially influenced by aspect in wildfire-affected areas. Our data and analysis indicate that the amount of snowmelt-driven groundwater recharge may be larger in wildfire-impacted areas, especially on south-facing slopes, because of earlier soil thaw and longer durations of soil-water contents above field capacity in those areas.
C1 [Ebel, B. A.; Martin, D. A.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Hinckley, E. S.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hinckley, E. S.] Natl Ecol Observ Network, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Ebel, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM bebel@usgs.gov
RI Ebel, Brian/A-2483-2011;
OI Ebel, Brian/0000-0002-6969-8967; Ebel, Brian/0000-0002-5413-3963
FU US Geological Survey; National Science Foundation [EAR 0847987]
FX This manuscript benefited from discussions with Benjamin Mirus, John
Moody, Sheila Murphy, and Jeffrey Writer. Kim Perkins and two anonymous
reviewers provided suggestions that improved the manuscript. Brian Ebel
received support from the Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellowship Program in
the National Research Program of the US Geological Survey. Eve-Lyn
Hinckley received support from the National Science Foundation Earth
Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship Program (EAR 0847987). Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1027-5606
J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC
JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
PY 2012
VL 16
IS 5
BP 1401
EP 1417
DI 10.5194/hess-16-1401-2012
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 942MZ
UT WOS:000304049700011
ER
PT J
AU Miles, AK
Bowen, L
Ballachey, B
Bodkin, JL
Murray, M
Estes, JL
Keister, RA
Stott, JL
AF Miles, A. K.
Bowen, L.
Ballachey, B.
Bodkin, J. L.
Murray, M.
Estes, J. L.
Keister, R. A.
Stott, J. L.
TI Variations of transcript profiles between sea otters Enhydra lutris from
Prince William Sound, Alaska, and clinically normal reference otters
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Gene transcription; Sea otter; Enhydra lutris; Prince William Sound;
Exxon Valdez
ID VALDEZ OIL-SPILL; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; MINK MUSTELA-VISON;
ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; CONTROLLED TUMOR PROTEIN; C FUEL-OIL;
GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; MESSENGER-RNA
AB Development of blood leukocyte gene transcript profiles has the potential to expand condition assessments beyond those currently available to evaluate wildlife health, including sea otters Enhydra lutris, both individually and as populations. The 10 genes targeted in our study represent multiple physiological systems that play a role in immuno-modulation, inflammation, cell protection, tumor suppression, cellular stress-response, xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, and antioxidant enzymes. These genes can be modified by biological, physical, or anthropogenic impacts and consequently provide information on the general type of stressors present in a given environment. We compared gene transcript profiles of sea otters sampled in 2008 among areas within Prince William Sound impacted to varying degrees by the 1989 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill with those of captive and wild reference sea otters. Profiles of sea otters from Prince William Sound showed elevated transcription in genes associated with tumor formation, cell death, organic exposure, inflammation, and viral exposure when compared to the reference sea otter group, indicating possible recent and chronic exposure to organic contaminants. Sea otters from historically designated oiled areas within Prince William Sound 19 yr after the oil spill had higher transcription of genes associated with tumor formation, cell death, heat shock, and inflammation than those from areas designated as less impacted by the spill.
C1 [Miles, A. K.; Bowen, L.; Keister, R. A.] Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis Field Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Ballachey, B.; Bodkin, J. L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Murray, M.] Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Estes, J. L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Stott, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Miles, AK (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis Field Stn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM keith_miles@usgs.gov; lbowen@usgs.gov
FU 'Exxon Valdez' Oil Spill Trustee Council; US Geological Survey (USGS);
Western Ecological Research Center; Alaska Science Center
FX This research was funded in part by the 'Exxon Valdez' Oil Spill Trustee
Council; however, the findings and conclusions do not necessarily
reflect the views or position of the Trustee Council. Funding was also
provided by the US Geological Survey (USGS), Western Ecological Research
Center and Alaska Science Center. We gratefully acknowledge the
assistance of H. Coletti, G. Esslinger, K. Kloecker, D. Monson, and J.
Reed, USGS, and M. Viens, Monterey Bay Aquarium, for sample collections.
We thank S. Stevens, A. Meckstroth, and S. Waters for laboratory
assistance. We thank R. Connon (University of California, Davis) and D.
Monson (USGS) for their review of the manuscript. Samples were collected
under permits authorized by the US Fish and Wildlife Service and
approval of the Animal Care and Use Committee of the USGS Alaska Science
Center. Mention of trade names or organizations does not imply
endorsement by the US government.
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PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 451
BP 201
EP 212
DI 10.3354/meps09572
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 940QL
UT WOS:000303908000015
ER
PT J
AU Sindt, AR
Pierce, CL
Quist, MC
AF Sindt, Anthony R.
Pierce, Clay L.
Quist, Michael C.
TI Fish Species of Greatest Conservation Need in Wadeable Iowa Streams:
Current Status and Effectiveness of Aquatic Gap Program Distribution
Models
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALES; AMERICAN FRESH-WATER; HABITAT MODELS;
ASSEMBLAGE RELATIONSHIPS; LANDSCAPE VARIABLES; LAND-USE; BIOTIC
INTEGRITY; PHYSICAL HABITAT; COMMUNITIES; USA
AB Effective conservation of fish species of greatest conservation need (SGCN) requires an understanding of species-habitat relationships and distributional trends. Thus, modeling the distribution of fish species across large spatial scales may be a valuable tool for conservation planning. Our goals were to evaluate the status of 10 fish SGCN in wadeable Iowa streams and to test the effectiveness of Iowa Aquatic Gap Analysis Project (IAGAP) species distribution models. We sampled fish assemblages from 86 wadeable stream segments in the Mississippi River drainage of Iowa during 2009 and 2010 to provide contemporary, independent fish species presence-absence data. The frequencies of occurrence in stream segments where species were historically documented varied from 0.0% for redfin shiner Lythrurus umbratilis to 100.0% for American brook lamprey Lampetra appendix, with a mean of 53.0%, suggesting that the status of Iowa fish SGCN is highly variable. Cohen's kappa values and other model performance measures were calculated by comparing field-collected presence-absence data with IAGAP model-predicted presences and absences for 12 fish SGCN. Kappa values varied from 0.00 to 0.50, with a mean of 0.15. The models only predicted the occurrences of banded darter Etheostoma zonale, southern redbelly dace Phoxinus erythrogaster, and longnose dace Rhinichthys cataractae more accurately than would be expected by chance. Overall, the accuracy of the twelve models was low, with a mean correct classification rate of 58.3%. Poor model performance probably reflects the difficulties associated with modeling the distribution of rare species and the inability of the large-scale habitat variables used in IAGAP models to explain the variation in fish species occurrences. Our results highlight the importance of quantifying the confidence in species distribution model predictions with an independent data set and the need for long-term monitoring to better understand the distributional trends and habitat associations of fish SGCN.
C1 [Sindt, Anthony R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Pierce, Clay L.] Iowa State Univ, US Geol Survey, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Quist, Michael C.] Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Sindt, AR (reprint author), Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Div Wildlife, Inland Fisheries Res Unit, 10517 Canal Rd SE, Hebron, OH 43025 USA.
EM anthony.sindt@dnr.state.oh.us
FU Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management at Iowa State
University; Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Iowa
Department of Natural Resources [T-1-R-19]
FX We thank Chris Smith, Rebecca Krogman, Josh Bruegge, Collin Hinz, Maria
Dzul, and Nick Johnson for their assistance in the field and laboratory
and Jesse Fischer and Michael Colvin for their perspectives and
suggestions. Additionally, comments from Vivekananda Roy, Christine
Dolph, William French, Rick Eades, and four anonymous reviewers improved
this manuscript. We also thank all those involved in creating and
contributing to the Iowa Aquatic Gap Analysis Project, especially Anna
Loan-Wilsey and Kevin Kane. This project was supported in part by the
Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management at Iowa State
University, the Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and
the Iowa Department of Natural Resources through State Wildlife Grant
T-1-R-19. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 1
BP 135
EP 146
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.663456
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 936PC
UT WOS:000303601500001
ER
PT J
AU Meador, MR
AF Meador, Michael R.
TI Effectiveness of Seining after Electrofishing to Characterize Stream
Fish Communities
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID SAMPLING FISH; LARGE RIVERS; ASSEMBLAGES; BIOASSESSMENT; PERSISTENCE;
CHALLENGES; STABILITY
AB The richness and composition of species collected uniquely to electrofishing and subsequent seining efforts were examined at 271 stream sites across the USA by using wadeable electrofishing methods (backpack or barge electrofishing) or boat electrofishing followed by seining. Seining after wadeable electrofishing resulted in the collection of new species at 42% of sites, whereas seining after boat electrofishing resulted in the collection of new species at 87% of sites. Mean percentage of total observed fish species richness that was collected uniquely by seining was 6% (representing one new species, on average) after wadeable electrofishing compared with 18% (four new species, on average) after boat electrofishing. Shannon-Wiener diversity index values were not significantly different between data from combined sampling (electrofishing and seining) and data from wadeable electrofishing (P = 0.490) but were significantly different between boat electrofishing and combined sampling (P = 0.004). Seining efforts after boat electrofishing can provide critical information that allows for a more complete characterization of the fish community. For sampling in wadeable streams, decisions regarding the use of seines should consider the effectiveness of electrofishing at a given site and the use of seines as an alternative primary sampling gear rather than as a supplement to electrofishing.
C1 US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Meador, MR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,Mississippi 413, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM mrmeador@usgs.gov
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 1
BP 177
EP 185
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.663458
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 936PC
UT WOS:000303601500005
ER
PT J
AU Bowker, JD
Carty, D
Dotson, MM
AF Bowker, James D.
Carty, Daniel
Dotson, Miranda M.
TI Efficacy of 35% PEROX-AID (Hydrogen Peroxide) in Reducing an Infestation
of Gyrodactylus salmonis in Freshwater-Reared Rainbow Trout
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID BACTERIAL GILL DISEASE; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; CHANNEL CATFISH; MONOGENEA;
FISH; COLEMANENSIS; INFECTIONS; COLUMNARIS; TOXICITY; SPROSTON
AB Gyrodactylus salmonis is a monogenean ectoparasite that can infest a variety of captive-reared salmonid fishes. The physical damage inflicted during severe infestations can cause osmoregulatory disturbances and potentially render individuals more vulnerable to secondary pathogens. If not treated, G. salmonis infestations can reduce growth and survival in affected fish populations. Many chemical compounds have been used to treat Gyrodactylus infestations; however, little information has been published about the use of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for Gyrodactylus control. Consequently, we conducted a trial to evaluate the efficacy of H2O2 in reducing a natural infestation of G. salmonis in freshwater-reared, adult rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Triplicate tanks of adult rainbow trout (20 fish per tank; length = 45.6 +/- 5.8 cm and weight = 1.3 +/- 0.4 kg, mean +/- SD) were exposed to a static bath of H2O2 at a target dosage of 50 mg/L or hatchery water (sham treatment) for 30 min/d on two alternate days. Treatment efficacy was assessed at 2 and 7 d posttreatment via light microscopy examination of skin scrapes (one per fish) taken from 10 fish per tank on each day. At 2 d posttreatment, the mean abundance of G. salmonis in the H2O2 treated group (0.1 +/- 0.3 G. salmonis individuals per skin scrape) was significantly different from that observed in the sham-treated group (34.4 +/- 43.2 individuals per skin scrape). Also, at 7 d posttreatment, the mean abundance of G. salmonis in the H2O2-treated group (0.1 +/- 0.3 individuals per skin scrape) was significantly different from that observed in the sham-treated group (38.5 +/- 77.4 individuals per skin scrape). The percent reduction in mean abundance (treated group compared with control group) was greater than 99% at both 2 and 7 d posttreatment. In conclusion, the H2O2 treatment regimen that we used significantly reduced a natural infestation of G. salmonis in freshwater-reared, adult rainbow trout.
C1 [Bowker, James D.; Carty, Daniel; Dotson, Miranda M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Bowker, JD (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, 4050 Bridger Canyon Rd, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM jim_bowker@fws.gov
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 2
BP 154
EP 159
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.675992
PG 6
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 936NR
UT WOS:000303597700005
ER
PT J
AU Trushenski, JT
Bowker, JD
Mulligan, BL
Gause, BR
AF Trushenski, Jesse T.
Bowker, James D.
Mulligan, Bonnie L.
Gause, Brian R.
TI Induction, Recovery, and Hematological Responses of Largemouth Bass to
Chemo- and Electrosedation
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID CATFISH ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; TROUT
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SENEGALENSIS KAUP 1858; CLOVE OIL ANESTHESIA; COD
GADUS-MORHUA; TRICAINE METHANESULFONATE; RAINBOW-TROUT; ATLANTIC SALMON;
PLASMA-CORTISOL
AB Sedating fish before handling minimizes the risk of injury to both fish and handler and may also minimize the fish's stress response. We conducted two experiments to quantitatively compare induction and recovery times of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides sedated with tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222), eugenol, benzocaine, carbon dioxide (CO2), or electrosedation (pulsed DC). We also assessed the fish's hematological profile following sedation with MS-222, eugenol, and electrosedation. Induction times varied significantly among the sedatives evaluated; electrosedation yielded the fastest inductions (0.2 +/- 0.1 min; mean +/- SE) and CO2 yielded the slowest (3.6 +/- 0.1 min). Times to recovery of equilibrium and responsiveness to tactile and visual-auditory stimuli also varied, ranging from 1.8 +/- 0.3 to 3.7 +/- 0.3 min and from 2.3 +/- 0.3 to 4.0 +/- 0.3 min, respectively, depending on the sedative used. Plasma cortisol concentrations were elevated at 0.5 h postsedation among fish sedated with eugenol and MS-222, whereas cortisol levels of electrosedated fish were comparatively low and stable throughout the experiment. Conversely, plasma glucose and lactate levels increased markedly from 0.5 to 2 h postsedation among electrosedated fish, whereas the responses among fish treated with eugenol or MS-222 were weak or negligible. Our results indicate that electrosedation, benzocaine, eugenol, and MS-222 are all effective in quickly sedating largemouth bass. Physiological and behavioral data suggest that largemouth bass generally recover within 6 h of sedation using MS-222, eugenol, or electrosedation.
C1 [Trushenski, Jesse T.; Mulligan, Bonnie L.; Gause, Brian R.] So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Bowker, James D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Trushenski, JT (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, 1125 Lincoln Dr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
EM saluski@siu.edu
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 2
BP 214
EP 223
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.675990
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 936NR
UT WOS:000303597700013
ER
PT J
AU Ostrand, SL
Glenn, RA
Gannam, AL
Hanson, KC
AF Ostrand, Susan L.
Glenn, Richard A.
Gannam, Ann L.
Hanson, Kyle C.
TI Inhibitory Effects of Rosemary Oil on the In Vitro Growth of Six Common
Finfish Pathogens
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS WALBAUM; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY;
ROSMARINUS-OFFICINALIS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; DISEASE
RESISTANCE; PLANT-EXTRACTS; RAINBOW-TROUT; ANTIBIOTICS; ENVIRONMENT
AB Additives are commonly used in feed to enhance fish performance, health, and well-being. In recent years, antibiotics have received increased scrutiny owing to concerns about overuse and their environmental impact. These concerns have generated a desire for naturally derived alternatives for the aquafeed industry. For screening purposes, we examined the in vitro effects of an essential oil on bacteria commonly associated with fish diseases. Six concentrations of rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis oil (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9 mu L/mu L of 1% Tween-20 and pure rosemary oil [1.0]) were used against Flavobacterium psychrophilum, Yersinia ruckeri, Aeromonas salmonicida, and three warmwater bacterial pathogens, A. hydrophila, Edwardsiella ictaluri, and E. tarda, along with a control treatment (1% Tween-20 only). After incubation, the mean zone of inhibition around the disks was measured. While most concentrations were found to inhibit pathogen growth, a concentration of 50% or more was found to have significantly higher effects on most of the pathogens tested. Rosemary oil was found to inhibit the growth of F. psychrophilum to the greatest extent and had a limited effect on the other fish pathogens. Although rosemary oil was shown to inhibit the growth of some bacterial fish pathogens in experimental trials, further laboratory and field studies are required to determine whether rosemary oil as a feed additive has any application as part of an integrated fish health management strategy.
C1 [Ostrand, Susan L.; Glenn, Richard A.; Gannam, Ann L.; Hanson, Kyle C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
RP Glenn, RA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
EM richard_glenn@fws.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors
and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service. Data collection and reporting for the study were funded by the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 2
BP 230
EP 234
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.675995
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 936NR
UT WOS:000303597700015
ER
PT J
AU Cox, BS
Dux, AM
Quist, MC
Guy, CS
AF Cox, Benjamin S.
Dux, Andrew M.
Quist, Michael C.
Guy, Christopher S.
TI Use of a Seismic Air Gun to Reduce Survival of Nonnative Lake Trout
Embryos: A Tool for Conservation?
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID TROPHIC CASCADE; DISPLACEMENT; SALMON
AB The detrimental impacts of nonnative lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in the western USA have prompted natural resource management agencies in several states to implement lake trout suppression programs. Currently, these programs rely on mechanical removal methods (i.e., gill nets, trap nets, and angling) to capture subadult and adult lake trout. We conducted a study to explore the potential for using high-intensity sound from a relatively small (655.5 cm(3) [40 in(3)]) seismic air gun to reduce survival of lake trout embryos. Lake trout embryos at multiple stages of development were exposed to a single discharge of the seismic air gun at two depths (5 and 15 m) and at two distances from the air gun (0.1 and 2.7 m). Control groups for each developmental stage, distance, and depth were treated identically except that the air gun was not discharged. Mortality in lake trout embryos treated at 0.1 m from the air gun was 100% at 74 daily temperature units in degrees Celsius (TU. C) at both depths. Median mortality in lake trout embryos treated at 0.1 m from the air gun at 207 TU degrees C (93%) and 267 TU degrees C (78%) appeared to be higher than that of controls (49% and 48%, respectively) at 15-m depth. Among the four lake trout developmental stages, exposure to the air gun at 0.1 m resulted in acute mortality up to 60% greater than that of controls. Mortality at a distance of 2.7 m did not appear to differ from that of controls at any developmental stage or at either depth. Our results indicate that seismic air guns have potential as an alternative tool for controlling nonnative lake trout, but further investigation is warranted.
C1 [Cox, Benjamin S.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Dux, Andrew M.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA.
[Quist, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Guy, Christopher S.] US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Cox, BS (reprint author), Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, 17330 SE Evelyn St, Clackamas, OR 97015 USA.
EM benjamin.s.cox@state.or.us
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 2
BP 292
EP 298
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.675960
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 936OY
UT WOS:000303601100010
ER
PT J
AU Carlin, C
Schroeder, SA
Fulton, DC
AF Carlin, Caroline
Schroeder, Susan A.
Fulton, David C.
TI Site Choice among Minnesota Walleye Anglers: The Influence of Resource
Conditions, Regulations and Catch Orientation on Lake Preference
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID RECREATIONAL-FISHERIES; ACTIVE MANAGEMENT; CONSUMPTIVE ORIENTATION;
ANGUILLA-ANGUILLA; FISHING EFFORT; TRIP CONTEXT; SPECIALIZATION;
LEISURE; MODEL; SUBSTITUTION
AB Understanding angler site choice preferences is important in the management of recreational fisheries to forecast angling demand and effort. This study investigated lake choice by recreational anglers fishing for walleye Sander vitreus in Minnesota and examined how choices were influenced by lake characteristics, angler demographics, and angler catch orientation. We collected data through a stated choice preference experiment using a survey administered to a sample of Minnesota resident (n = 1096) and nonresident (n = 535) anglers. Multinomial probit choice models were used to estimate preferences in lake choice. Lake characteristics included walleye abundance, walleye size, bag limit, slot limit, and distance from primary residence. Models included (1) lake characteristics only, (2) lake characteristics and angler demographics, and (3) lake characteristics with angler demographics and catch orientation factors. The coefficients of lake attributes had expected signs with greater preference for higher walleye abundance, larger walleye, bigger bag limits, absence of slot limits, and less driving time from home (P < 0.001 for all lake characteristics in the first model). Lake choice was influenced by the interaction of lake characteristics with age (negative with abundance of fish, P < 0.100; positive with distance from home, P < 0.001), metropolitan and out-of-state residency (positive with distance from home, P < 0.001), and strength of preference for walleye (positive with distance, P < 0.01). A stronger orientation to keep walleye was positively related to increased bag limits (P < 0.001) and negatively related to slot limits (P < 0.01). Study results have clear implications for managers-bag limits, relative to other lake characteristics, had a large influence on anglers' lake choice for walleye fishing. Because of a stronger catch orientation among walleye anglers, low bag limits reduce lake preference. The results clarify the trade-offs that anglers make when selecting a place to fish for walleye and demonstrate how different management scenarios might influence angler participation.
C1 [Carlin, Caroline] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Fulton, David C.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, US Geol Survey, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Carlin, C (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, 249C Ruttan Hall,1994 Buford Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM ccarlin@umn.edu
OI Carlin, Caroline/0000-0003-0813-3433
FU Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MDNR); University of
Minnesota
FX This study was a cooperative effort supported by the U.S. Geological
Survey, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MDNR), and the
University of Minnesota. We thank Kathy DonCarlos, Jason Moeckel, and
Don Pereira of the MDNR for their support of this project. We thank Rick
Nordby for his assistance in working with the MDNR electronic licensing
system. We also thank Len Hunt at the Ontario Ministry of Natural
Resources-Thunder Bay, and Peter Fix at the University of
Alaska-Fairbanks, for early reviews of the manuscript. Finally, we thank
the editor, associate editor and referees for thoughtful reviews that
helped improve this paper. The use of trade, product, industry, or firm
names or products or software or models, whether commercially available
or not, is for informative purposes only and does not constitute an
endorsement by the U.S. government or the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 62
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 2
BP 299
EP 312
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.675952
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 936OY
UT WOS:000303601100011
ER
PT J
AU Meals, KO
Dunn, AW
Miranda, LE
AF Meals, K. O.
Dunn, A. W.
Miranda, L. E.
TI Trolling May Intensify Exploitation in Crappie Fisheries
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID MINIMUM LENGTH LIMIT; COLLAPSE; EXAMPLE; CANADA
AB In some parts of the USA, anglers targeting crappies Pomoxis spp. are transitioning from mostly stationary angling with a single pole around submerged structures to using multiple poles while drifting with the wind or under power. This shift in fishing methods could result in a change in catch efficiency, possibly increasing exploitation rates to levels that would be of concern to managers. We studied the catch statistics of anglers fishing while trolling with multiple poles (trollers) and those fishing with single poles (polers) in Mississippi reservoirs. Specifically, we tested whether (1) various catch statistics differed between trollers and polers, (2) catch rates of trollers were related to the number of poles fished, and (3) trollers could raise exploitation rates to potentially unsustainable levels. Results showed that participation in the crappie fisheries was about equally split between polers and trollers. In spring, 90% of crappie anglers were polers; in summer, 85% of crappie anglers were trollers. The size of harvested crappies was similar for the two angler groups, but the catch per hour was almost three times higher for trollers than for polers. Catch rates by trollers were directly correlated to the number of poles fished, although the relationship flattened as the number of poles increased. The average harvest rate for one troller fishing with three poles was similar to the harvest rate obtained by one poler. Simulations predicted that at the existing mix of about 50% polers and 50% trollers and with no restrictions on the number of poles used by trollers, exploitation of crappies is about 1.3 times higher than that in a polers-only fishery; under a scenario in which 100% of crappie anglers were trollers, exploitation was forecasted to increase to about 1.7 times the polers-only rate. The efficiency of trolling for crappies should be of concern to fishery managers because crappie fisheries are mostly consumptive and may increase exploitation rates to unsustainable levels.
C1 [Miranda, L. E.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Meals, K. O.; Dunn, A. W.] Mississippi Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Pk, University, MS 38677 USA.
RP Miranda, LE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM smiranda@usgs.gov
FU Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Program
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Federal Aid in Sport Fish
Restoration Program administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
We thank Mike Allen, Jonah Dagel, and Mike McInerny for helpful reviews.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 2
BP 325
EP 332
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.678563
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 936OY
UT WOS:000303601100013
ER
PT J
AU He, JX
Ebener, MP
Riley, SC
Cottrill, A
Kowalski, A
Koproski, S
Mohr, L
Johnson, JE
AF He, Ji X.
Ebener, Mark P.
Riley, Stephen C.
Cottrill, Adam
Kowalski, Adam
Koproski, Scott
Mohr, Lloyd
Johnson, James E.
TI Lake Trout Status in the Main Basin of Lake Huron, 1973-2010
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID LAMPREY PETROMYZON-MARINUS; HIERARCHICAL BAYESIAN-APPROACH; ST-MARYS
RIVER; SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; MICHIGAN WATERS; GREAT-LAKES; NATURAL
REPRODUCTION; FISH COMMUNITY; SUPERIOR; REHABILITATION
AB We developed indices of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush status in the main basin of Lake Huron (1973-2010) to understand increases in the relative abundance of wild year-classes during 1995-2010. Sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus wounds per 100 lake trout declined from 23.63 in 2000 to 5.86-10.64 in 2002-2010. The average age-7 lake trout catch per effort per recruitment (CPE/R; fish center dot 305m of gill net(-1)center dot million stocked yearlings(-1)) increased from 0.56 for the 1973-1990 year-classes to 0.92 for the 1991-2001 year-classes. Total CPE (fish/305 m of gill net) declined from 16.4 fish in 1996 to 4.1 fish in 2010, but the percentage of age-5 and younger lake trout steadily decreased from more than 70% before 1996 to less than 10% by 2009. The modal age in gill-net catches increased from age 5 before 1996 to age 7 by 2005. The average adult CPE increased from 2.8 fish/305 m of gill net during 1978-1995 to 5.34 fish/305 m of gill net during 1996-2010. The 1995-2010 year-classes of wild fish were more abundant than previous year-classes and were associated with the relatively high adult abundance during 1996-2010. Until the 2002 year-class, there was no decline in age-7 CPE/R; until 2008, there was no decline in adult CPE. Low survival of the 2002 and 2003 year-classes of stocked fish was related to the event of alewife Alosa pseudoharengus population collapse in 2003-2004. Lake trout in the main basin of Lake Huron are undergoing a transition from a hatchery stock to a wild stock, accompanied by an increased uncertainty in delayed recruitment. Future management should pay more attention to the protection of wild recruitment and the abundance of the spawning stock.
C1 [He, Ji X.; Johnson, James E.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Lake Huron Res Stn, Alpena, MI 49707 USA.
[Ebener, Mark P.] Chippewa Ottawa Resource Author, Sault Sainte Marie, MI 49783 USA.
[Riley, Stephen C.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Cottrill, Adam; Mohr, Lloyd] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Owen Sound, ON N4K 2Z1, Canada.
[Kowalski, Adam; Koproski, Scott] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Alpena Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Alpena, MI 49707 USA.
RP He, JX (reprint author), Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Lake Huron Res Stn, 160 E Fletcher St, Alpena, MI 49707 USA.
EM hej@michigan.gov
RI Mensinger, Allen/B-7349-2013
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission [001321-022008]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service [F-81-R, 230451]
FX This study was a product of workshops funded by the Great Lakes Fishery
Commission (Project Number 001321-022008). J.H.E. thanks Travis Brenden
for organizing and leading these workshops and all participants for
their perspectives on lake trout rehabilitation in the Great Lakes. This
study was funded also by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Federal Aid
Project F-81-R to Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Study 230451
at the Lake Huron Research Station). This is contribution 1658 of the
U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. The authors thank
Brian Lantry, Jim Bence, Ted Treska, and Stephen Lenart for their
constructive reviews.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 2
BP 402
EP 412
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.675947
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 936OY
UT WOS:000303601100020
ER
PT J
AU Kirwan, ML
Christian, RR
Blum, LK
Brinson, MM
AF Kirwan, Matthew L.
Christian, Robert R.
Blum, Linda K.
Brinson, Mark M.
TI On the Relationship Between Sea Level and Spartina alterniflora
Production
SO ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE annual productivity; marsh; biomass; wetland; ecogeomorphology;
Virginia; LTER
ID SALT-MARSH; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; PEAT COLLAPSE; VEGETATION; SURFACE;
BIOMASS; FLOW; HYDROPERIOD; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS
AB A positive relationship between interannual sea level and plant growth is thought to stabilize many coastal landforms responding to accelerating rates of sea level rise. Numerical models of delta growth, tidal channel network evolution, and ecosystem resilience incorporate a hump-shaped relationship between inundation and plant primary production, where vegetation growth increases with sea level up to an optimum water depth or inundation frequency. In contrast, we use decade-long measurements of Spartina alterniflora biomass in seven coastal Virginia (USA) marshes to demonstrate that interannual sea level is rarely a primary determinant of vegetation growth. Although we find tepid support for a hump-shaped relationship between aboveground production and inundation when marshes of different elevation are considered, our results suggest that marshes high in the intertidal zone and low in relief are unresponsive to sea level fluctuations. We suggest existing models are unable to capture the behavior of wetlands in these portions of the landscape, and may underestimate their vulnerability to sea level rise because sea level rise will not be accompanied by enhanced plant growth and resultant sediment accumulation.
C1 [Kirwan, Matthew L.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Kirwan, Matthew L.; Blum, Linda K.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Christian, Robert R.; Brinson, Mark M.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
RP Kirwan, ML (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beach Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM mlk4n@virginia.edu
RI Kirwan, Matthew/F-1806-2011
FU NSF [DEB-0621014]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX Access to the study area was provided by The Nature Conservancy. Funding
was provided through the Virginia Coast Reserve Long-Term Ecological
Research program (NSF DEB-0621014) and the U.S. Geological Survey Global
Change Research Program.
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U2 60
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-9840
J9 ECOSYSTEMS
JI Ecosystems
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 15
IS 1
BP 140
EP 147
DI 10.1007/s10021-011-9498-7
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 936OZ
UT WOS:000303601200011
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, VF
Jackson, BP
Siegfried, MR
Navratilova, J
Francesconi, KA
Kirshtein, J
Voytek, M
AF Taylor, Vivien F.
Jackson, Brian P.
Siegfried, Matthew R.
Navratilova, Jana
Francesconi, Kevin A.
Kirshtein, Julie
Voytek, Mary
TI Arsenic speciation in food chains from mid-Atlantic hydrothermal vents
SO ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MUSSEL BATHYMODIOLUS-AZORICUS; DEEP-SEA; THIO-ARSENOSUGARS; METAL
BIOACCUMULATION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
MYTILUS-EDULIS; MARINE-ALGAE; RIDGE; ARSENOBETAINE
AB Arsenic concentration and speciation were determined in benthic fauna collected from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vents. The shrimp species, Rimicaris exoculata, the vent chimney-dwelling mussel, Bathymodiolus azoricus, Branchipolynoe seepensis, a commensal worm of B. azoricus and the gastropod Peltospira smaragdina showed variations in As concentration and in stable isotope (delta C-13 and delta N-15) signature between species, suggesting different sources of As uptake. Arsenic speciation showed arsenobetaine to be the dominant species in R. exoculata, whereas in B. azoricus and B. seepensis arsenosugars were most abundant, although arsenobetaine, dimethylarsinate and inorganic arsenic were also observed, along with several unidentified species. Scrape samples from outside the vent chimneys covered with microbial mat, which is a presumed food source for many vent organisms, contained high levels of total As, but organic species were not detectable. The formation of arsenosugars in pelagic environments is typically attributed to marine algae, and the pathway to arsenobetaine is still unknown. The occurrence of arsenosugars and arsenobetaine in these deep sea organisms, where primary production is chemolithoautotrophic and stable isotope analyses indicate food sources are of vent origin, suggests that organic arsenicals can occur in a foodweb without algae or other photosynthetic life.
C1 [Taylor, Vivien F.; Jackson, Brian P.] Dartmouth Coll, Trace Element Anal Core, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Siegfried, Matthew R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Navratilova, Jana] Brno Univ Technol, Fac Chem, Inst Food Sci & Biotechnol, CZ-61200 Brno, Czech Republic.
[Francesconi, Kevin A.] Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Inst Chem, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
[Kirshtein, Julie; Voytek, Mary] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Taylor, VF (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Trace Element Anal Core, HB 6105,Fairchild Hall, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
EM vivien.f.taylor@dartmouth.edu
FU NIH [P42 ES007373]
FX The authors thank Kate Buckman for comments which significantly improved
the manuscript. V. F. Taylor. and B. P. Jackson are supported by NIH
grant P42 ES007373. The authors also thank Anna-Louise Reysenbach, Breea
Govenar and the crew of the R/V Roger Revelle and the DSROV Jason II for
their assistance in obtaining the samples. Any use of trade, firm or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
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PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1448-2517
J9 ENVIRON CHEM
JI Environ. Chem.
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 2
BP 130
EP 138
DI 10.1071/EN11134
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 935HI
UT WOS:000303509300007
PM 23741175
ER
PT J
AU Issautier, B
Le Nindre, YM
Memesh, A
Dini, S
Viseur, S
AF Issautier, Benoit
Le Nindre, Yves-Michel
Memesh, Abdullah
Dini, Saleh
Viseur, Sophie
TI Managing clastic reservoir heterogeneity I: Sedimentology and sequence
stratigraphy of the Late Triassic Minjur Sandstone at the Khashrn al
Khalta type locality, Central Saudi Arabia
SO GEOARABIA
LA English
DT Article
ID KHUFF FORMATION; MIDHNAB MEMBER; PLATFORM; LEVEL
AB The Late Triassic (Norian-Rhaetian) Minjur Sandstone provides a remarkable case study for understanding and modelling the spatial distribution of sand bodies in a fluvial-deltaic system. As such it has been studied in connection with the geological storage of CO2 in complex heterogeneous formations. Detailed sedimentological mapping of the formation's vertical and lateral variations in and around the type section at Khashm al Khalta (Khashm al Minjur), which is the area of interpreted maximum inlet/outlet activity, has provided a relatively detailed picture of the sequence stratigraphy. As originally described, shallow-marine flooding with the development of tidal mud flats and carbonate facies occurred near the middle of the formation, splitting it into a lower member dominated by subtidal, brackish and scattered fluvial environments, and an upper member marked by the appearance of meandering point bars capped upward by very proximal deposits forming thick (20 m) coarse-grained sandstone bars that can be followed over several kilometers. The general trend at formation scale is thus upward thickening and coarsening sedimentation related to an increasing clastic influx and the development of fluvial systems, with the fluvial upper member being dominated by amalgamated sand bars. The sequence stratigraphy indicates nine depositional sequences involving four depositional environments: sabkha, tidal, estuarine and fluvial-continental. The lower Minjur is a transgressive tract of four sequences of which Sequence 4 reflects maximum flooding and correlates with maximum flooding surface (MFS) Middle Norian Tr80. Sequence 5 corresponds to a meander system at the base of the upper Minjur, and is followed by sequences 6 to 9 reflecting an increasing clastic influx generating amalgamated coarse-grained bars. The upper Minjur thus represents a highstand systems tract.
C1 [Issautier, Benoit; Le Nindre, Yves-Michel] Bur Rech Geol & Minieres, F-45060 Orleans, France.
[Dini, Saleh] US Geol Survey, Washington, DC USA.
[Dini, Saleh] SGS, Phanerozo Rocks Mapping Unit, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
RP Issautier, B (reprint author), Bur Rech Geol & Minieres, F-45060 Orleans, France.
EM b.issautier@brgm.fr; ym.lenindre@brgm.fr; memesh.am@sgs.org.sa;
s-dini@hotmail.com; sophie.viseur@univ-provence.fr
FU Ademe (French Environment and Energy Management Agency); Carnot
Institutes
FX The results presented here are based on a BRGM research project into
reservoir heterogeneities and were presented as a poster display at the
GEO 2010 Conference, Bahrain, 2010. The work was carried out in the
framework of a PhD thesis supported by Ademe (French Environment and
Energy Management Agency) and the Carnot Institutes. It was made
possible through an agreement between the Saudi Geological Survey (SGS)
and BRGM. Dr Zohair A. Nawab and Sami S. Maddah of the SGS are
gratefully acknowledged for providing the full participation,
encouragement, assistance and support of the SGS. The authors would like
thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable editorial comments,
Pascal Audigane for advice regarding reservoir engineering and Sir
Patrick Skipwith for his precious help on the English writing. The final
poster design and layout by GeoArabia's Graphic Designer Nestor "Nino"
A. Buhay was very much appreciated.
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PU GULF PETROLINK
PI MANAMA
PA PO BOX 20393, MANAMA, 00000, BAHRAIN
SN 1025-6059
J9 GEOARABIA
JI GeoArabia
PY 2012
VL 17
IS 2
BP 17
EP 56
PG 40
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 931OO
UT WOS:000303229400002
ER
PT J
AU Howard, DM
Wylie, BK
Tieszen, LL
AF Howard, Daniel M.
Wylie, Bruce K.
Tieszen, Larry L.
TI Crop classification modelling using remote sensing and environmental
data in the Greater Platte River Basin, USA
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGHT USE EFFICIENCY; UNITED-STATES; CARBON; LAND; PLAINS; BIOMES; CORN;
FLUX
AB With an ever expanding population, potential climate variability and an increasing demand for agriculture-based alternative fuels, accurate agricultural land-cover classification for specific crops and their spatial distributions are becoming critical to researchers, policymakers, land managers and farmers. It is important to ensure the sustainability of these and other land uses and to quantify the net impacts that certain management practices have on the environment. Although other quality crop classification products are often available, temporal and spatial coverage gaps can create complications for certain regional or time-specific applications. Our goal was to develop a model capable of classifying major crops in the Greater Platte River Basin (GPRB) for the post-2000 era to supplement existing crop classification products. This study identifies annual spatial distributions and area totals of corn, soybeans, wheat and other crops across the GPRB from 2000 to 2009. We developed a regression tree classification model based on 2.5 million training data points derived from the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Cropland Data Layer (CDL) in relation to a variety of other relevant input environmental variables. The primary input variables included the weekly 250 m US Geological Survey Earth Observing System Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer normalized differential vegetation index, average long-term growing season temperature, average long-term growing season precipitation and yearly start of growing season. An overall model accuracy rating of 78% was achieved for a test sample of roughly 215 000 independent points that were withheld from model training. Ten 250 m resolution annual crop classification maps were produced and evaluated for the GPRB region, one for each year from 2000 to 2009. In addition to the model accuracy assessment, our validation focused on spatial distribution and county-level crop area totals in comparison with the NASS CDL and county statistics from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Census of Agriculture. The results showed that our model produced crop classification maps that closely resembled the spatial distribution trends observed in the NASS CDL and exhibited a close linear agreement with county-by-county crop area totals from USDA census data (R-2 = 0.90).
C1 [Howard, Daniel M.; Wylie, Bruce K.; Tieszen, Larry L.] USGS EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Howard, DM (reprint author), USGS EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM dhoward@usgs.gov
RI Wylie, Bruce/H-3182-2014;
OI Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083; Howard, Daniel/0000-0002-7563-7538
FU USGS [G10PC00044]
FX This study was funded by the USGS Geographic Analysis and Monitoring
Program and performed under USGS contract G10PC00044. Any use of trade,
product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 19
BP 6094
EP 6108
DI 10.1080/01431161.2012.680617
PG 15
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 936JV
UT WOS:000303587600007
ER
PT J
AU Mongillo, TM
Holmes, EE
Noren, DP
VanBlaricom, GR
Punt, AE
O'Neill, SM
Ylitalo, GM
Hanson, MB
Ross, PS
AF Mongillo, Teresa M.
Holmes, Elizabeth E.
Noren, Dawn P.
VanBlaricom, Glenn R.
Punt, Andre E.
O'Neill, Sandra M.
Ylitalo, Gina M.
Hanson, M. Bradley
Ross, Peter S.
TI Predicted polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and polychlorinated
biphenyl (PCB) accumulation in southern resident killer whales
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE PCB; PBDE; Bioaccumulation; Killer whale; Model; Contaminants;
Persistent organic pollutants
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; BROMINATED FLAME
RETARDANTS; ORCINUS-ORCA; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA;
ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS; TEMPORAL TRENDS; CHINOOK SALMON; LIFE-HISTORY
AB Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are anthropogenic contaminants that bioaccumulate in upper trophic level species. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are POPs of particular concern because they can induce immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive impairment. Killer whales Orcinus orca can accumulate high concentrations of POPs because they are long-lived apex predators. Southern resident killer whales (SRKWs) are an endangered fish-eating population that consists of 3 pods (J, K, and L) with a geographic range from central California, USA, to the Queen Charlotte Islands, Canada. An individual-based modeling approach was used to predict the accumulation of sum PBDEs (Sigma PBDEs) and sum PCBs (Sigma PCBs) in specific individuals in the SRKW population. Model predictions for the current concentrations corresponded closely to the concentrations measured in biopsies collected from known individuals. The predicted Sigma PBDE concentrations over the life-span of individual killer whales were consistent with a doubling time of similar to 3 to 4 yr, highlighting the rapid emergence of PBDEs as a priority concern in these animals. J pod individuals had the highest predicted Sigma PBDE and Sigma PCB concentrations, likely due to their increased residence time near industrial centers. Modeled historical Sigma PCB concentrations did not increase substantially over time or with age in males born after 1970, whereas the Sigma PBDE concentrations increased over time and with age. In general, modeled future projections indicated that the average male and female had similar Sigma PBDE trends with age, time, and diet scenario. Future Sigma PCBs are predicted to slowly decline; however, SRKWs will continue to be exposed for several generations.
C1 [Holmes, Elizabeth E.; Noren, Dawn P.; O'Neill, Sandra M.; Ylitalo, Gina M.; Hanson, M. Bradley] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Mongillo, Teresa M.; VanBlaricom, Glenn R.] US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Ross, Peter S.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Inst Ocean Sci, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
[Mongillo, Teresa M.; VanBlaricom, Glenn R.; Punt, Andre E.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Mongillo, TM (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Reg Off, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM teresa.mongillo@noaa.gov
OI Punt, Andre/0000-0001-8489-2488
FU NOAA/NMFS/NWFSC; SAFS/UW; Claire L. and Evelyn S. Egtvedt Fellowship;
Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit of the US
Geological Survey, located at SAFS, UW
FX We thank Ken Balcomb and his colleagues at the Center for Whale
Research, Friday Harbor, Washington, who perform the SRKW annual surveys
and who provided the life history and population data. Brendan Hickie
(Trent University) provided guidance and support with the beginning
modeling structure. We offer additional thanks to Peter Olesiuk
(Fisheries and Oceans Canada), Peggy Krahn, Eric Ward, Brice Semmens,
and Yasmin Lucero (NWFSC, NOAA Fisheries), and the graduate students and
staff of the VanBlaricom lab (School of Aquatic & Fishery Sciences
[SAFS], University of Washington [UW], Seattle) for their advice during
the course of this study. We thank Trevor Branch and 3 anonymous
reviewers for their constructively critical comments on draft versions
of the manuscript. Main funding support for our work was provided by
NOAA/NMFS/NWFSC, the SAFS/UW, and the Claire L. and Evelyn S. Egtvedt
Fellowship. Additional support came from the Washington Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit of the US Geological Survey, located at SAFS,
UW. The use of trade names or products does not constitute endorsement
by the US Government.
NR 88
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 78
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 453
BP 263
EP 277
DI 10.3354/meps09658
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 937PK
UT WOS:000303670200014
ER
PT J
AU Mongillo, TM
Holmes, EE
Noren, DP
VanBlaricom, GR
Punt, AE
O'Neill, SM
Ylitalo, GM
Hanson, MB
Ross, PS
AF Mongillo, Teresa M.
Holmes, Elizabeth E.
Noren, Dawn P.
VanBlaricom, Glenn R.
Punt, Andre E.
O'Neill, Sandra M.
Ylitalo, Gina M.
Hanson, M. Bradley
Ross, Peter S.
TI Predicted polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and polychlorinated
biphenyl (PCB) accumulation in southern resident killer whales
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; ORCINUS-ORCA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; BLUBBER; WATERS
C1 [Mongillo, Teresa M.; VanBlaricom, Glenn R.; Punt, Andre E.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Holmes, Elizabeth E.; Noren, Dawn P.; O'Neill, Sandra M.; Ylitalo, Gina M.; Hanson, M. Bradley] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Mongillo, Teresa M.; VanBlaricom, Glenn R.] US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Ross, Peter S.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Inst Ocean Sci, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
RP Mongillo, TM (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Reg Off, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM teresa.mongillo@noaa.gov
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 24
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 453
PG 10
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 937PK
UT WOS:000303670200015
ER
PT J
AU Iles, AC
Archdeacon, TP
Bonar, SA
AF Iles, Alison C.
Archdeacon, Thomas P.
Bonar, Scott A.
TI Novel Praziquantel Treatment Regime for Controlling Asian Tapeworm
Infections in Pond-Reared Fish
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID CAROLINA COOLING RESERVOIR; BOTHRIOCEPHALUS-ACHEILOGNATHI YAMAGUTI;
CYPRINUS-CARPIO-L; GRASS CARP; SEASONAL DYNAMICS; BATH TREATMENTS;
CESTODA; CHUB; PSEUDOPHYLLIDEA; LARVAL
AB The Asian tapeworm Bothriocephalus achelognathii is an intestinal fish parasite that is nonnative to but widespread throughout the southwestern United States. Praziquantel is an anthelminthic drug commonly used to treat fish for Asian tapeworm; however, it does not kill tapeworm eggs, so the water in ponds used for fish rearing must be exchanged after treatment. Our objective was to determine whether a system containing both an intermediate copepod host and a definitive fish host for Asian tapeworm could be treated without exchanging the water by using a follow-up treatment for any tapeworms that developed from eggs released before or during the first treatment. Here, we have described a new praziquantel treatment regimen to control Asian tapeworm infections in freshwater-reared fish. To evaluate the efficacy of this regimen, we stocked 50 red shiners Cyprinella lutrensis and an intermediate copepod host, Cyclops vernalis, into each of six pond mesocosms containing artificial macrophytes, sand, and gravel to simulate natural pools and provide suitable substrate for the copepod's life history. The test fish population had been naturally infected with B. achelognathii and had an initial infection prevalence of 14% and an infection intensity of 2.14 +/- 2.19 (mean +/- SD) worms per fish. Three mesocosms were treated twice, each with 2.5 mg/L praziquantel; 19 d passed between treatments to allow for possible reinfection to occur. After a 2.5-month posttreatment period to allow any remaining tapeworms to reestablish themselves, we killed and dissected all of the remaining fish. No worms were found in treated fish; however, the control group had an infection prevalence of 18 +/- 6% and an infection intensity of 3.45 +/- 2.1 worms per fish. Based on these results, we concluded that the praziquantel treatment regime administered was efficacious and suggest testing it on a larger scale. We caution that praziquantel has not been approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration for use on fish but can be used legally in some situations.
C1 [Bonar, Scott A.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Iles, Alison C.; Archdeacon, Thomas P.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Bonar, SA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 104 Biol Sci E, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM sbonar@ag.arizona.edu
FU Arizona Game and Fish Department; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation;
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U. S. National Park Service; U.S.
Geological Survey
FX This experiment was one component of a larger project funded by the
Arizona Game and Fish Department Heritage Program, the National Fish and
Wildlife Foundation, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U. S.
National Park Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank Andrea
Francis for care of the fish and copepods used in this experiment and
managing the day-to-day laboratory and greenhouse operations. We also
thank Debra Hughson of the National Park Service; Robyn Beck, James
deVos, and Chantal O'Brien of the Arizona Game and Fish Department;
Charles Ault and William Radke of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service
for project oversight; William J. Matter, Colleen Caldwell, David Ward,
and two anonymous referees for reviews. Mention of trade names or
commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation
for use by the U. S. Government.
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 14
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 1
BP 113
EP 117
DI 10.1080/15222055.2012.656485
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 936NS
UT WOS:000303597800012
ER
PT J
AU Starratt, SW
AF Starratt, Scott W.
TI Holocene diatom flora and climate history of Medicine Lake, Northern
California, USA
SO NOVA HEDWIGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE paleolimnology; oligotrophic lake; volcanic lake; marine-terrestrial
correlation
ID UPPER KLAMATH LAKE; SOUTHERN CASCADE RANGE; SIERRA-NEVADA; LATE
PLEISTOCENE; LIMNOLOGICAL CHANGES; HIGH ELEVATION; MODOC PLATEAU;
OREGON; AMERICA; RECORD
AB A 226-cm-long sediment core spanning the past similar to 11,400 years was recovered from Medicine Lake, on the Modoc Plateau in northeastern California. Diatom assemblages provide a record of lake level that is driven by local and regional climate changes and changes in basin morphology due to the activity of Medicine Lake volcano. The diatom record indicates that throughout its history, Medicine Lake was an oligotrophic lake, dominated by Cyclotella stelligera and C. pseudostelligera. Variations in lake level are suggested by changes in the structure of the diatom assemblages. The lowest part of the core (11,400 to 10,300 cal yr BE) contains the transition from glacial to interglacial conditions. From about 11,000 to 5500 cal yr B.P, the lake filled two small, steep-sided basins or one basin with two steep-sided sub-basins connected by a shallow shelf. During this time, the diatom evidence (Cyclotella/Navicula ratio) indicates that effective moisture increased, leading to a deeper lake. Over the past 5500 years the diatom record indicates fluctuations in lake level. The change in lake level pattern from one of increasing depth prior to about 5500 cal yr BR to one of variable depths may be related to changes in the morphology of the Medicine Lake basin in addition to shifts in local and regional climate. During this latter period the Cyclotella/Navicula ratio varies, suggesting that the level of the lake fluctuated, resulting in changes in colonizable shelf area.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Starratt, SW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM SStarratt@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX I thank Elmira Wan, Mary McGann, Jason Addison, and John Barron of the
U.S. Geological Survey for their detailed reviews. Julie Donnelly-Nolan
generously provided a great deal of information on the history of
Medicine Lake volcano. Age control data were provided by Charlie Bacon,
Julie Donnelly-Nolan, and Manuel Nathenson and 14C AMS dates
were provided by Jack McGeehin, all of the USGS. Dates on the tephra
were originally determined by the USGS Tephrochronology Project. This
research was supported by the Global Change and Volcano Hazards Programs
of the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 85
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 7
PU GEBRUDER BORNTRAEGER
PI STUTTGART
PA JOHANNESSTR 3A, D-70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0029-5035
J9 NOVA HEDWIGIA
JI Nova Hedwigia
PY 2012
SU 141
BP 485
EP 503
PG 19
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 914YS
UT WOS:000301990400027
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Historical Foundation of Plant and Groundwater Interactions
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID HYBRID POPLAR TREES; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; VAPOR-PRESSURE
DEFICIT; RHIZOSPHERE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; EMERGENT AQUATIC
MACROPHYTES; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; SURFACE-WATER SEDIMENTS;
SAN-PEDRO RIVER; JET FUEL JP-8; X NIGRA DN34
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 815
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 3
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_1
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 44
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100001
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Integration of Plant and Groundwater Interactions
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 27
EP 42
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_2
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 16
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100002
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Fundamentals of Plant Anatomy and Physiology Related to Water Use
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 43
EP 93
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_3
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 51
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100003
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Fundamentals of Groundwater Hydrogeology
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 95
EP 114
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_4
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 20
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100004
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Plant and Groundwater Interactions Under Pristine Conditions
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 115
EP 127
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_5
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 13
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100005
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Site Assessment and Characterization
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 131
EP 154
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_6
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 24
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100006
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Plant Selection, Installation, and Management to Affect Groundwater
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 155
EP 188
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_7
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 34
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100007
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Conceptual Frameworks for Phytoremediation to Achieve Hydrologic Goals
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 189
EP 208
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_8
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 20
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100008
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Monitoring Plant and Groundwater Interactions
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 209
EP 232
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_9
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 24
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100009
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Economic and Regulatory Factors That Affect the Phytoremediation of
Groundwater
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 233
EP 241
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_10
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100010
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Plant Interactions with Biogeochemical Environments
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 245
EP 274
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_11
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 30
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100011
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Chemical and Physical Properties That Affect the Interaction Between
Plants and Contaminated Groundwater
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 275
EP 305
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_12
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 31
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100012
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Plant Control on the Fate of Common Groundwater Contaminants
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 307
EP 340
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_13
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 34
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100013
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Conceptual Frameworks for the Phytoremediation of Groundwater
Contamination
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 341
EP 349
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_14
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100014
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Monitoring for Phytoremediation of Groundwater Contamination
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 351
EP 364
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_15
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 14
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100015
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Economic and Regulatory Factors That Affect the Phytoremediation of
Contaminated Groundwater
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 365
EP 374
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_16
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100016
ER
PT B
AU Landmeyer, JE
AF Landmeyer, James E.
BA Landmeyer, JE
BF Landmeyer, JE
TI Introduction to Phytoremediation of Contaminated Groundwater Historical
Foundation, Hydrologic Control, and Contaminant Remediation Epilogue
SO INTRODUCTION TO PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GOUNDWATER: HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION, HYDROLOGIC CONTROL, AND CONTAMINANT REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Landmeyer, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, S Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM jlandmey@usgs.gov; jlandmey@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-1956-9
PY 2012
BP 375
EP 377
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6_17
D2 10.1007/978-94-007-1957-6
PG 3
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Water Resources
GA BZT31
UT WOS:000302880100017
ER
PT J
AU Watson, MJ
Spendelow, JA
Hatch, JJ
AF Watson, Maggie J.
Spendelow, Jeffrey A.
Hatch, Jeremy J.
TI Post-fledging brood and care division in the roseate tern (Sterna
dougallii)
SO JOURNAL OF ETHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Brood division; Care division; Parental care; Post-fledging; Roseate
tern; Sterna dougallii
ID PARENTAL CARE; COMMON TERNS; PATERNITY; BIRDS; CONSEQUENCES; EVOLUTION;
HIRUNDO
AB Extended post-fledging parental care is an important aspect of parental care in birds, although little studied due to logistic difficulties. Commonly, the brood is split physically (brood division) and/or preferential care is given to a subset of the brood by one parent or the other (care division). Among gulls and tern (Laridae), males and females generally share parental activities during the pre-fledging period, but the allocation of parental care after fledging is little documented. This study examined the behaviour of male and female roseate terns (Sterna dougallii) during the late chick-rearing and early post-fledging periods, and in particular the amount of feeds and the time spent in attendance given to individual chicks/fledglings. Pre-fledging parental care was biparental in all cases. Post-fledging parental care was dependent on the number of fledglings in the brood. Males and females continued biparental care in clutches with one surviving fledgling, while in two-fledgling clutches, males fed the A-fledgling while females fed the B-fledgling. Overall, there was no difference in attendance, only in feeds. This division of care may be influenced by the male only being certain of the paternity of the A-chick but not by chick sex.
C1 [Watson, Maggie J.] Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Anim & Vet Sci, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.
[Watson, Maggie J.; Hatch, Jeremy J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Spendelow, Jeffrey A.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
RP Watson, MJ (reprint author), Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Anim & Vet Sci, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.
EM mawatson@csu.edu.au
RI Watson, Maggie/K-3570-2016
OI Watson, Maggie/0000-0001-6021-9686
FU Nuttall Ornithological Club
FX We are grateful to D. Shealer and J. Zingo for their contributions to
the set-up of this study and the Stewart B. McKinney N.W.R. for
permission to work on Falkner Island. We are indebted to I.C.T. Nisbet
for the idea for this project, P. Szczys for sexing the fledglings and
S. Brault for analytical advice, and also to J. Arnold for encouragement
and company, as well as D. Watson for support and comments on various
drafts. This research was supported by the Blake Fund of the Nuttall
Ornithological Club. Field studies were carried out in accordance with
all relevant state and Federal regulations and licences.
NR 36
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER TOKYO
PI TOKYO
PA 1-11-11 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN
SN 0289-0771
J9 J ETHOL
JI J. Ethol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 30
IS 1
BP 29
EP 34
DI 10.1007/s10164-011-0286-9
PG 6
WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
GA 929KD
UT WOS:000303059700005
ER
PT J
AU Abon, CC
David, CPC
Tabios, GQ
AF Abon, Catherine C.
David, Carlos Primo C.
Tabios, Guillermo Q., III
TI Community-based monitoring for flood early warning system An example in
central Bicol River basin, Philippines
SO DISASTER PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Philippines; Floods; Rivers; Communities; Modelling; Precipitation;
Early warning; Geomorphology; Bicol River basin
ID COMPLEX TERRAIN; INUNDATION; GIS; MODELS; SRTM; SIMULATION; IZMIR
AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to integrate the proactive role of communities and the use of flood modeling in the implementation of a flood early warning system.
Design/methodology/approach - Manual rain gauges were installed in 20 houses of volunteers living within the Bicol River basin to monitor rainfall. Rain information is sent twice daily via SMS message to a receiving computer. The received data are used to run a basin model that was developed in HEC-HMS, which converts precipitation excess to overland flow and channel run-off.
Findings - Different watershed models were developed for different rainfall events. Geomorphic analysis using 3 s SRTM Digital Elevation Model (DEM) processed in a GIS platform was also done to refine the overland flow. The derived hydrographs were used in the HEC-RAS hydraulic model which has as main output threshold values for the rain-flood relationship.
Research limitations/implications - Although SRTM DEM that was used for the geomorphic analysis was sufficient for the purpose of the study, higher resolution DEMs can further improve the mapping of spatial extent of flood areas. Practical implications The results are used for the forecast of flood and the timely issuance of flood bulletins.
Originality/value - This study is the first to incorporate the involvement of the community in establishing a flood early warning system. The method can also be used as a prototype for other flood models in other parts of the country.
C1 [David, Carlos Primo C.; Tabios, Guillermo Q., III] Univ Philippines, Natl Inst Geol Sci, Diliman, Philippines.
[David, Carlos Primo C.] US Geol Survey, Washington, DC USA.
[Tabios, Guillermo Q., III] Univ Philippines, Natl Hydraul Res Ctr, Quezon City 1101, Philippines.
RP Abon, CC (reprint author), Univ Philippines, Natl Inst Geol Sci, Quezon City 1101, Philippines.
EM catherineabon@gmail.com
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 23
PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED
PI BINGLEY
PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-3562
J9 DISASTER PREV MANAG
JI Disaster Prev. Manag.
PY 2012
VL 21
IS 1
BP 85
EP 96
DI 10.1108/09653561211202728
PG 12
WC Environmental Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Management
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Business & Economics
GA 926GB
UT WOS:000302818200007
ER
PT B
AU Drew, CA
Collazo, JA
AF Drew, C. Ashton
Collazo, Jaime A.
BE Perera, AH
Drew, CA
Johnson, CJ
TI Expert Knowledge as a Foundation for the Management of Secretive Species
and Their Habitat
SO EXPERT KNOWLEDGE AND ITS APPLICATION IN LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID BAYESIAN BELIEF NETWORKS; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; WILDLIFE HABITAT;
CONSERVATION
C1 [Drew, C. Ashton] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, N Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, David Clark Labs, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Collazo, Jaime A.] N Carolina State Univ, N Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, David Clark Labs, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Drew, CA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, N Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, David Clark Labs, Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM cadrew@ncsu.edu; jaime_collazo@ncsu.edu; cadrew@ncsu.edu
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4614-1033-1
PY 2012
BP 87
EP 107
DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-1034-8_5
D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-1034-8
PG 21
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BZT32
UT WOS:000302880200005
ER
PT B
AU Moody, AT
Grand, JB
AF Moody, Allison T.
Grand, James B.
BE Perera, AH
Drew, CA
Johnson, CJ
TI Incorporating Expert Knowledge in Decision-Support Models for Avian
Conservation
SO EXPERT KNOWLEDGE AND ITS APPLICATION IN LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID NORTH-AMERICA; LANDSCAPE; MANAGEMENT; VULNERABILITY; ECOSYSTEM;
UMBRELLA; ECOREGIONS; CHALLENGES; PRIORITIES; FLAGSHIPS
C1 [Moody, Allison T.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Grand, James B.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry Wildlife Sci 3236, Alabama Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, USGS, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Moody, AT (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, 3301 Forestry & Wildlife Sci Bldg,602 Duncan Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM atm0005@auburn.edu; grandjb@auburn.edu
NR 54
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4614-1033-1
PY 2012
BP 109
EP 129
DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-1034-8_6
D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-1034-8
PG 21
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BZT32
UT WOS:000302880200006
ER
PT B
AU Johnson, CJ
Drew, CA
Perera, AH
AF Johnson, Chris J.
Drew, C. Ashton
Perera, Ajith H.
BE Perera, AH
Drew, CA
Johnson, CJ
TI Elicitation and Use of Expert Knowledge in Landscape Ecological
Applications: A Synthesis
SO EXPERT KNOWLEDGE AND ITS APPLICATION IN LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID HABITAT SUITABILITY MODEL; OPINION; UNCERTAINTY
C1 [Johnson, Chris J.] Univ No British Columbia, Ecosyst Sci & Management Program, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada.
[Drew, C. Ashton] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, US Geol Survey,David Clark Labs, N Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Perera, Ajith H.] Ontario Forest Res Inst, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada.
RP Johnson, CJ (reprint author), Univ No British Columbia, Ecosyst Sci & Management Program, 3333 Univ Way, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada.
EM johnsoch@unbc.ca; cadrew@ncsu.edu; ajith.perera@ontario.ca;
ajith.perera@ontario.ca; cadrew@ncsu.edu; johnsoch@unbc.ca
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4614-1033-1
PY 2012
BP 279
EP 299
DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-1034-8_14
D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-1034-8
PG 21
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BZT32
UT WOS:000302880200014
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, N
Voulgaris, G
Warner, JC
Olabarrieta, M
AF Kumar, Nirnimesh
Voulgaris, George
Warner, John C.
Olabarrieta, Maitane
TI Implementation of the vortex force formalism in the coupled
ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system for
inner shelf and surf zone applications
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Vortex-force; Wave-current interaction; COAWST; ROMS; SWAN; Radiation
stress; Three-dimensional; Modeling; Rip current; Littoral velocities;
Nearshore circulation; Bottom streaming
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL CURRENT; BREAKING WAVES; RIP CURRENTS; BARRED BEACH;
LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; LANGMUIR CIRCULATIONS; LONGSHORE CURRENTS;
VERTICAL STRUCTURE; VELOCITY PROFILES; RADIATION-STRESS
AB The coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport modeling system (COAWST) enables simulations that integrate oceanic, atmospheric, wave and morphological processes in the coastal ocean. Within the modeling system, the three-dimensional ocean circulation module (ROMS) is coupled with the wave generation and propagation model (SWAN) to allow full integration of the effect of waves on circulation and vice versa. The existing wave-current coupling component utilizes a depth dependent radiation stress approach. In here we present a new approach that uses the vortex force formalism. The formulation adopted and the various parameterizations used in the model as well as their numerical implementation are presented in detail. The performance of the new system is examined through the presentation of four test cases. These include obliquely incident waves on a synthetic planar beach and a natural barred beach (DUCK' 94); normal incident waves on a nearshore barred morphology with rip channels; and wave-induced mean flows outside the surf zone at the Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory (MVCO). Model results from the planar beach case show good agreement with depth-averaged analytical solutions and with theoretical flow structures. Simulation results for the DUCK' 94 experiment agree closely with measured profiles of cross-shore and longshore velocity data from Garcez-Faria et al. (1998, 2000). Diagnostic simulations showed that the nonlinear processes of wave roller generation and wave-induced mixing are important for the accurate simulation of surf zone flows. It is further recommended that a more realistic approach for determining the contribution of wave rollers and breaking induced turbulent mixing can be formulated using non-dimensional parameters which are functions of local wave parameters and the beach slope. Dominant terms in the cross-shore momentum balance are found to be the quasi-static pressure gradient and breaking acceleration. In the alongshore direction, bottom stress, breaking acceleration, horizontal advection and horizontal vortex forces dominate the momentum balance. The simulation results for the bar/rip channel morphology case clearly show the ability of the modeling system to reproduce horizontal and vertical circulation patterns similar to those found in laboratory studies and to numerical simulations using the radiation stress representation. The vortex force term is found to be more important at locations where strong flow vorticity interacts with the wave-induced Stokes flow field. Outside the surf zone, the three-dimensional model simulations of wave-induced flows for non-breaking waves closely agree with flow observations from MVCO, with the vertical structure of the simulated flow varying as a function of the vertical viscosity as demonstrated by Lentz et al. (2008). (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kumar, Nirnimesh; Voulgaris, George] Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Warner, John C.; Olabarrieta, Maitane] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Kumar, N (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM nkumar@geol.sc.edu; gvoulgaris@geol.sc.edu; jcwarner@usgs.gov;
molabarrieta@usgs.gov
RI Voulgaris, George/A-7593-2014
OI Voulgaris, George/0000-0002-0667-8870
FU NOAA/IOOS; National Science Foundation [OCE-0451989, OCE-0535893]
FX The first two authors were supported by a NOAA/IOOS Grant (Integration
of Coastal Observations and Assets in the Carolinas in Support of
Regional Coastal Ocean Observation System Development in the Southeast
Atlantic) and a cooperative agreement between US Geological Survey and
University of South Carolina as part of the Carolinas Coastal Change
Processes Project. Also G. Voulgaris was partially supported by the
National Science Foundation (Awards: OCE-0451989 and OCE-0535893). We
would like to thank Dr. Lentz for his comments regarding the inner shelf
test case. Finally, we would also like to thank the ROMS and SWAN code
developers for their hard work in developing this open source code, and
the staff and personnel involved in collecting and maintaining the
DUCK'94 experiment dataset.
NR 99
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 4
U2 47
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PY 2012
VL 47
BP 65
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.01.003
PG 31
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 926OF
UT WOS:000302840000006
ER
PT J
AU Arimitsu, ML
Piatt, JF
Madison, EN
Conaway, JS
Hillgruber, N
AF Arimitsu, Mayumi L.
Piatt, John F.
Madison, Erica N.
Conaway, Jeffrey S.
Hillgruber, Nicola
TI Oceanographic gradients and seabird prey community dynamics in glacial
fjords
SO FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Brachyramphus brevirostris; capelin; chlorophyll; ecosystem;
euphausiid; Kenai Fjords; Kittlitz's Murrelet; marine food web; marine
sill; nutrients; tidal currents; tidewater glacier; turbidity
ID MURRELET BRACHYRAMPHUS-BREVIROSTRIS; PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; LOWER COOK
INLET; CAPELIN MALLOTUS-VILLOSUS; ALEUTIAN ISLANDS; SOUTHEAST ALASKA;
NORTHERN GULF; ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS; KITTLITZS MURRELETS; MARBLED
MURRELET
AB Glacial fjord habitats are undergoing rapid change as a result of contemporary global warming, yet little is known about how glaciers influence marine ecosystems. These ecosystems provide important feeding, breeding and rearing grounds for a wide variety of marine organisms, including seabirds of management concern. To characterize ocean conditions and marine food webs near tidewater glaciers, we conducted monthly surveys of oceanographic variables, plankton, fish and seabirds in Kenai Fjords, Alaska, from June to August of 2007 and 2008. We also measured tidal current velocities near glacial features. We found high sediment load from glacial river runoff played a major role in structuring the fjord marine ecosystem. Submerged moraines (sills) isolated cool, fresh, stratified and silt-laden inner fjord habitats from oceanic influence. Near tidewater glaciers, surface layers of turbid glacial runoff limited availability of light to phytoplankton, but macrozooplankton were abundant in surface waters, perhaps due to the absence of a photic cue for diel migration. Fish and zooplankton community structure varied along an increasing temperature gradient throughout the summer. Acoustic measurements indicated that low density patches of fish and zooplankton were available in the surface waters near glacial river outflows. This is the foraging habitat occupied most by Kittlitzs murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris), a rare seabird that appears to be specialized for life in glacially influenced environments. Kittlitzs murrelets were associated with floating glacial ice, and they were more likely to occur near glaciers, in deeper water, and in areas with high acoustic backscatter. Kittlitzs murrelet at-sea distribution was limited to areas influenced by turbid glacial outflows, and where prey was concentrated near the surface in waters with low light penetration. Tidewater glaciers impart unique hydrographic characteristics that influence marine plankton and fish communities, and this has cascading effects on marine food webs in these ecosystems.
C1 [Arimitsu, Mayumi L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Piatt, John F.; Madison, Erica N.; Conaway, Jeffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Hillgruber, Nicola] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Arimitsu, ML (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 250 Egan Dr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM marimitsu@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center; Natural Resources
Protection Program
FX Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey Alaska
Science Center with additional support from the Natural Resources
Protection Program. Our thanks go to Naomi Bargmann, Gary Drew, Meg
Hahr, Caroline Jezierski, Dan Shultz, Shiway Wang and to boat captains
Greg Snedgen and Jon Wetzel for help in the field. Shelley Hall and Mark
Kansteiner provided logistical support in Kenai Fjords National Park.
Franz Mueter, Marc Romano, Alexei Pinchuk, and Tom Weingartner assisted
during the planning and analysis phases of this work. We also thank Josh
Adams, Alan Burger, Karen Oakley and two anonymous reviewers for their
insightful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. Any mention
of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not reflect
endorsement by the federal government.
NR 70
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1054-6006
J9 FISH OCEANOGR
JI Fish Oceanogr.
PY 2012
VL 21
IS 2-3
BP 148
EP 169
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2012.00616.x
PG 22
WC Fisheries; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Oceanography
GA 922JG
UT WOS:000302542600004
ER
PT J
AU Xian, G
Homer, C
Aldridge, C
AF Xian, George
Homer, Collin
Aldridge, Cameron
TI Assessing long-term variations in sagebrush habitat - characterization
of spatial extents and distribution patterns using multi-temporal
satellite remote-sensing data
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND-COVER DATABASE; SAGE-GROUSE; MULTISPECTRAL IMAGERY; WINTER HABITAT;
ECOSYSTEM; RESOLUTION
AB An approach that can generate sagebrush habitat change estimates for monitoring large-area sagebrush ecosystems has been developed and tested in southwestern Wyoming, USA. This prototype method uses a satellite-based image change detection algorithm and regression models to estimate sub-pixel percentage cover for five sagebrush habitat components: bare ground, herbaceous, litter, sagebrush and shrub. Landsat images from three different months in 1988, 1996 and 2006 were selected to identify potential landscape change during these time periods using change vector (CV) analysis incorporated with an image normalization algorithm. Regression tree (RT) models were used to estimate percentage cover for five components on all change areas identified in 1988 and 1996, using unchanged 2006 baseline data as training for both estimates. Over the entire study area (24 950 km(2)), a net increase of 98.83 km(2), or 0.7%, for bare ground was measured between 1988 and 2006. Over the same period, the other four components had net losses of 20.17 km(2), or 0.6%, for herbaceous vegetation; 30.16 km(2), or 0.7%, for litter; 32.81 km(2), or 1.5%, for sagebrush; and 33.34 km(2), or 1.2%, for shrubs. The overall accuracy for shrub vegetation change between 1988 and 2006 was 89.56%. Change patterns within sagebrush habitat components differ spatially and quantitatively from each other, potentially indicating unique responses by these components to disturbances imposed upon them.
C1 [Xian, George] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, ARTS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Aldridge, Cameron] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Aldridge, Cameron] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Xian, G (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, ARTS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM xian@usgs.gov
RI Aldridge, Cameron /F-4025-2011
FU Wyoming State office; Lander Bureau of Land Management field office;
USGS Central Region Office; Central Region Integrated Science Proposals;
Central Region's DOI on the Landscape Program
FX We thank Debbie Meyer for selecting and providing Landsat imagery and
certain GIS data layers. We thank Greg Fox, Austin Krcmarik, Chris
Mahony, Katie Moon, Roger Pearce, Tracy Perfors, Sarah Rehme, John
Severson and Greg Wann for their tireless efforts to collect all the
field data, and Spencer Shell for his extraordinary efforts in the
field. We also thank Dan Neubaum and Diana Keck for coordination of
field crews. The Wyoming State office and the Lander Bureau of Land
Management field office were instrumental in supporting this project,
both logistically and financially. Specifically, we thank T. Rinkes, R.
Vigil, K. Henke and D. Simpson for their support and interest in this
research. We thank the USGS Central Region Office and all individuals
involved with the Central Region Integrated Science Proposals and the
Central Region's DOI on the Landscape Program for financial support. Drs
James Vogelmann and Robert Klaver are also thanked for their suggestions
to improve this article. Two anonymous reviewers are thanked for their
constructive suggestions. Work by George Xian was performed under USGS
contract 08HQCN0007.
NR 34
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 18
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 7
BP 2034
EP 2058
DI 10.1080/01431161.2011.605085
PG 25
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 917GZ
UT WOS:000302162200003
ER
PT J
AU Ge, ZF
Whitman, RL
Nevers, MB
Phanikumar, MS
Byappanahalli, MN
AF Ge, Zhongfu
Whitman, Richard L.
Nevers, Meredith B.
Phanikumar, Mantha S.
Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.
TI Nearshore hydrodynamics as loading and forcing factors for Escherichia
coli contamination at an embayed beach
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN LAKE-MICHIGAN; FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; TRANSPORT; BACTERIA;
ENTEROCOCCI; SURVIVAL; MODEL; SAND; DISINFECTION; RESUSPENSION
AB Numerical simulations of the transport and fate of Escherichia coli were conducted at Chicago's 63rd Street Beach, an embayed beach that had the highest mean E. coli concentration among 23 similar Lake Michigan beaches during summer months of 2000-2005, in order to find the cause for the high bacterial contamination. The numerical model was based on the transport of E. coli by current circulation patterns in the embayment driven by longshore main currents and the loss of E. coli in the water column, taking settling as well as bacterial dark-and solar-related decay into account. Two E. coli loading scenarios were considered: one from the open boundary north of the embayment and the other from the shallow water near the beachfront. Simulations showed that the embayed beach behaves as a sink for E. coli in that it generally receives E. coli more efficiently than it releases them. This is a result of the significantly different hydrodynamic forcing factors between the inside of the embayment and the main coastal flow outside. The settled E. coli inside the embayment can be a potential source of contamination during subsequent sediment resuspension events, suggesting that deposition-resuspension cycles of E. coli have resulted in excessive bacterial contamination of beach water. A further hypothetical case with a breakwater shortened to half its original length, which was anticipated to enhance the current circulation in the embayment, showed a reduction in E. coli concentrations of nearly 20%.
C1 [Ge, Zhongfu; Whitman, Richard L.; Nevers, Meredith B.; Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Indiana, PA USA.
[Phanikumar, Mantha S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Ge, ZF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Indiana, PA USA.
EM zge@usgs.gov
OI Nevers, Meredith/0000-0001-6963-6734
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Great Lakes; Great Lakes Restoration
Initiative; NOAA's Ocean and Human Health Initiative
FX We are grateful to David Schwab and Nathan Hawley of National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for their contributions to this
research. We also thank Gregory Lang of NOAA and Pramod Thupaki, Jie
Niu, and George Wimbrow of Michigan State University for their
assistance with data and fieldwork, as well as the two anonymous
reviewers and the associate editor for their insightful comments. This
work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Great Lakes Ocean
Research Priorities Plan (ORPP), Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, and
NOAA's Ocean and Human Health Initiative. This article is contribution
1664 of the USGS Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 43
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 5
U2 26
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 0024-3590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 57
IS 1
BP 362
EP 381
DI 10.4319/lo.2012.57.1.0362
PG 20
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 923ID
UT WOS:000302612100012
ER
PT B
AU Chaytor, JD
Twichell, DC
ten Brink, US
AF Chaytor, Jason D.
Twichell, David C.
ten Brink, Uri S.
BE Yamada, Y
Kawamura, K
Ikehara, K
Ogawa, Y
Urgeles, R
Mosher, D
Chaytor, J
Strasser, M
TI A Reevaluation of the Munson-Nygren-Retriever Submarine Landslide
Complex, Georges Bank Lower Slope, Western North Atlantic
SO SUBMARINE MASS MOVEMENTS AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES
SE Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Symposium on Submarine Mass Movements and Their
Consequences
CY OCT 24-26, 2011
CL Kyoto, JAPAN
SP IUGS UNESCO, United Nations Educ Sci & Cultural Org, IUGS, Integrated Ocean Drill Program, Tokyo Geograph Soc, Inoue Fdn Sci, KAkenhi NAnkal Megathrust Earthquakes, Sedimentological Soc Japan, Kyoto Univ Global COE Program, Japan Drill Earth Sci Consortium
DE Canyons; Multibeam bathymetry; Debris deposits; Seismic reflection
ID MARGIN
AB The Munson-Nygren-Retriever (MNR) landslide complex is a series of distinct submarine landslides located between Nygren and Powell canyons on the Georges Bank lower slope. These landslides were first imaged in 1978 using widely-spaced seismic reflection profiles and were further investigated using continuous coverage GLORIA sidescan imagery collected over the landslide complex in 1987. Recent acquisition of high-resolution multibeam bathymetry across these landslides has provided an unprecedented view of their complex morphology and allows for a more detailed investigation of their evacuation and deposit morphologies and sizes, modes of failure, and relationship to the adjacent sections of the margin, including the identification of an additional landslide within the MNR complex, referred to here as the Pickett slide. The evacuation zone of these landslides covers an area of approximately 1,780 km(2). The headwalls of these landslides are at a depth of approximately 1,800 m, with evacuation extending for approximately 60 km downslope to the top of the continental rise. High-relief debris deposits, in the form of blocks and ridges, are present down the length of the majority of the evacuation zones and within the deposition area at the base of the slope. On the continental rise, the deposits from each of the most recent failures of the MNR complex landslides merge with debris from earlier continental slope failures, canyon and along-slope derived deposits, and prominent upper-rise failures.
C1 [Chaytor, Jason D.; Twichell, David C.; ten Brink, Uri S.] US Geol Survey, USGS Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Chaytor, JD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, USGS Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jchaytor@usgs.gov
RI ten Brink, Uri/A-1258-2008;
OI ten Brink, Uri/0000-0001-6858-3001; Chaytor, Jason/0000-0001-8135-8677
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-94-007-2161-6
J9 ADV NAT TECH HAZ RES
PY 2012
VL 31
BP 135
EP 146
DI 10.1007/978-94-007-2162-3_12
PG 12
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA BZO82
UT WOS:000302282300012
ER
PT J
AU Perry, G
Bertoluci, J
Bury, B
Hansen, RW
Jehle, R
Measey, J
Moon, BR
Muths, E
Zuffi, MAL
AF Perry, Gad
Bertoluci, Jaime
Bury, Bruce
Hansen, Robert W.
Jehle, Robert
Measey, John
Moon, Brad R.
Muths, Erin
Zuffi, Marco A. L.
TI The "Peer" in "Peer Review"
SO HERPETOLOGICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID GOLDEN-RULE
C1 [Perry, Gad] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Bertoluci, Jaime] Univ Sao Paulo, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Bury, Bruce] USGS, Corvallis, OR USA.
[Jehle, Robert] Univ Salford, Manchester, England.
[Measey, John] Univ Western Cape, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa.
[Moon, Brad R.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
[Muths, Erin] USGS, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Zuffi, Marco A. L.] Univ Pisa, Museum Nat Hist, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
RP Perry, G (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RI Measey, G John/F-2028-2010; Bertoluci, Jaime/C-2824-2012
OI Measey, G John/0000-0001-9939-7615;
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU BRITISH HERPETOL SOC
PI LONDON
PA C/O ZOOL SOC LONDON REGENTS PARK, LONDON NW1 4RY, ENGLAND
SN 0268-0130
J9 HERPETOL J
JI Herpetolog. J.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 22
IS 1
BP 1
EP 1
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 918SP
UT WOS:000302271700001
ER
PT J
AU Naimi, M
Znari, M
Lovich, JE
Feddadi, Y
Baamrane, MAA
AF Naimi, Mohamed
Znari, Mohammed
Lovich, Jeffrey E.
Feddadi, Youssef
Ait Baamrane, Moulay Abdeljalil
TI Clutch and egg allometry of the turtle Mauremys leprosa (Chelonia:
Geoemydidae) from a polluted peri-urban river in west-central Morocco
SO HERPETOLOGICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE clutch size; constraint; Morocco; optimal egg size; turtle
ID REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS; BODY-SIZE; ECOLOGY; CONSTRAINT; STAGE
AB We examined the relationships of clutch size (CS) and egg size to female body size (straight-line carapace length, CL) in a population of the turtle Mauremys leprosa from a polluted segment of oued (river) Tensift in arid west-central Morocco. Twenty-eight adult females were collected in May July, 2009 and all were gravid. Each was weighed, measured, humanely euthanized and then dissected. Oviductal shelled eggs were removed, weighed (egg mass, EM) and measured for length (EL) and width (EW). Clutch mass (CM) was the sum of EM for a clutch. Pelvic aperture width (PAW) was measured at the widest point between the ilia bones through which eggs must pass at oviposition. The smallest gravid female had a CL of 124.0 mm. Mean CS was relatively large (9.7 +/- 2.0 eggs, range: 3-13) and may reflect high productivity associated with polluted (eutrophic) waters. Regression analyses were conducted using log-transformed data. CM increased isometrically with maternal body size. CS, EW and EM were all significantly hypoallometric in their relationship with CL. EL did not change significantly with increases in CL. EW increased at a hypoallometric rate with increasing CL but was unconstrained by PAW since the widest egg was smaller than the narrowest PAW measurement when excluding the three smallest females. Smaller females may have EW constrained by PAW. As females increase in size they increase both clutch size and egg width in contradiction to predictions of optimal egg size theory.
C1 [Lovich, Jeffrey E.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Naimi, Mohamed; Znari, Mohammed; Feddadi, Youssef; Ait Baamrane, Moulay Abdeljalil] Cadi Ayyad Univ, Fac Sci Semlalia, Dept Biol, Lab Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Marrakech 40000, Morocco.
RP Lovich, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr,MS 9394, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov
OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831
FU U.S. Department of State
FX Research was carried out under permits issued to Mohammed Znari
(Decision #115 HCEFLCD/DLCDPN/DPRN/CFF provided by the Haut Commissariat
aux Eaux et Forets et a la Lutte Contre la Desertification, Moroccan
Waters and Forests Service) in Rabat. Special thanks to the Fulbright
Program of the U.S. Department of State for facilitating our
collaboration with grants to both Lovich and Znari. We are also indebted
to Professor Lahcen Ameziane, the Dean of the Faculty of Sciences -
Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco for providing
support for our collaboration. Earlier versions of this manuscript
benefitted from comments offered by R. Bruce Bury, John Iverson, and
Peter Lindeman. The use of product names in this article does not
constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU BRITISH HERPETOL SOC
PI LONDON
PA C/O ZOOL SOC LONDON REGENTS PARK, LONDON NW1 4RY, ENGLAND
SN 0268-0130
J9 HERPETOL J
JI Herpetolog. J.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 22
IS 1
BP 43
EP 49
PG 7
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 918SP
UT WOS:000302271700006
ER
PT J
AU Leicht-Young, SA
Pavlovic, NB
Adams, JV
AF Leicht-Young, Stacey A.
Pavlovic, Noel B.
Adams, Jean V.
TI Competitive Interactions of Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) and
Damesrocket (Hesperis matronalis)
SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Competition; invasive species; replacement series
ID EASTERN DECIDUOUS FORESTS; INVASIVE PLANT; MICROSTEGIUM-VIMINEUM;
DENSITY; BRASSICACEAE; POPULATIONS; UNDERSTORY; GROWTH; COMMUNITIES;
VEGETATION
AB Competitive interactions between native plants and nonnative, invasive plant species have been extensively studied; however, within degraded landscapes, the effect of interspecific interactions among invasive plants is less explored. We investigated a competitive interaction between two sympatric, invasive mustard species that have similar life history strategies and growth forms: garlic mustard and damesrocket. Greenhouse experiments using a full range of reciprocal density ratios were conducted to investigate interspecific competition. Garlic mustard had a negative effect on the final biomass, number of leaves, and relative growth rate in height of damesrocket. Survival of damesrocket was not negatively affected by interspecific competition with garlic mustard; however, garlic mustard showed higher mortality because of intraspecific competition. These results indicated that although garlic mustard has been observed to be the dominant species in this landscape, it may not completely outcompete damesrocket in all situations. Studies of invasive species in competition are important in degraded landscapes because this is the common situation in many natural areas.
C1 [Pavlovic, Noel B.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Pavlovic, NB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, 1100 N Mineral Springs Rd, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
EM npavlovic@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank Katie Kangas, Laura Cremin, Kelly McAvoy, and Krystalynn
Frohnapple for assistance in conducting the experiment. Dr. Young Choi
and Dr. Kemuel Badger provided useful comments on an earlier draft of
this manuscript. This research was supported by the U.S. Geological
Survey. This article is contribution No. 1681 of the U.S. Geological
Survey Great Lakes Science Center. Use of trade, product, or firm names
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 43
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 45
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 1939-7291
J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA
JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 1
BP 27
EP 36
DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00025.1
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 917TC
UT WOS:000302200500004
ER
PT J
AU Renz, MJ
Steinmaus, SJ
Gilmer, DS
DiTomaso, JM
AF Renz, Mark J.
Steinmaus, Scott J.
Gilmer, David S.
DiTomaso, Joseph M.
TI Spread Dynamics of Perennial Pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium) in Two
Seasonal Wetland Areas
SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Wetlands; riparian; spread dynamics; invasion; spatial spread;
population growth
ID TIDAL MARSHES; MANAGEMENT; GLYPHOSATE
AB Perennial pepperweed is an invasive plant that is expanding rapidly in several plant communities in the western United States. In California, perennial pepperweed has aggressively invaded seasonal wetlands, resulting in degradation of habitat quality. We evaluated the rate and dynamics of population spread, assessed the effect of disturbance on spread, and determined the biotic and abiotic factors influencing the likelihood of invasion. The study was conducted at eight sites within two wetland regions of California. Results indicate that in undisturbed sites, spread was almost exclusively through vegetative expansion, and the average rate of spread was 0.85 m yr(-1) from the leading edge. Spread in sites that were disked was more than three times greater than in undisturbed sites. While smaller infestations increased at a faster rate compared with larger populations, larger infestations accumulated more newly infested areas than smaller infestations from year to year. Stem density was consistently higher in the center of the infestations, with about 2.4 times more stems per square meter compared with the leading edge at the perimeter of the population. The invasion by perennial pepperweed was positively correlated with increased water availability but was negatively correlated with the cover of perennial and annual species. Thus, high cover of resident vegetation can have a suppressive effect on the rate of invasion, even in wetland ecosystems. On the basis of these results, we recommend that resident plant cover not be disturbed, especially in wet areas adjacent to areas currently infested with perennial pepperweed. For infested areas, management efforts should be prioritized to focus on controlling satellite populations as well as the leading edge of larger infestations first. This strategy, could reduce the need for costly active restoration efforts by maximizing the probability of successful re-establishment of resident vegetation from the adjacent seedbank.
C1 [Renz, Mark J.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, Dept Biol Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA USA.
US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Renz, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM mrenz@wisc.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sacramento National
Wildlife Refuge Complex, and the California Department of Fish and Game
for access to the Colusa National Wildlife Refuge and the Grizzly Island
Wildlife Area, respectively. We also thank M. Miller, J. Takekawa, K.
Phillips, and J. Yee for helpful suggestions on earlier versions of this
manuscript. Funding for this project was through the U.S. Geological
Survey. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 16
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 1939-7291
J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA
JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 1
BP 57
EP 68
DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00039.1
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 917TC
UT WOS:000302200500007
ER
PT J
AU Decker, KL
Allen, CR
Acosta, L
Hellman, ML
Jorgensen, CF
Stutzman, RJ
Unstad, KM
Williams, A
Yans, M
AF Decker, Karie L.
Allen, Craig R.
Acosta, Leonardo
Hellman, Michelle L.
Jorgensen, Christopher F.
Stutzman, Ryan J.
Unstad, Kody M.
Williams, Amy
Yans, Matthew
TI Land Use, Landscapes, and Biological Invasions
SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Invasibility; invasive species; land-use type; nonnative species
richness; nonnative species traits
ID PLANT-SPECIES RICHNESS; ALIEN PLANTS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ECONOMIC
COSTS; UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL CHANGE; NEW-ENGLAND; TRAITS; PATTERNS;
GRASS
AB The negative effect of invasive species on native species, communities, and ecosystems is widely recognized, and the economic effects in the United States are estimated to be billions of dollars annually. Studies often examine traits of nonnative species or examine what makes a particular habitat invasible. To better understand the factors governing invasions, we used the flora of Nebraska to characterize and compare native and nonnative plant occurrences throughout the state. In addition, we assessed four critical landscape predictors of nonnative plant richness: human population size and three land cover attributes that included percentage of grassland, percentage of agriculture, and percentage of public lands. Results indicated that individual plant species richness has increased by about 35% through invasions (primarily of annuals from the family Poaceae). In addition, human population density, percentage of agriculture, and percentage of public lands all show a positive association with nonnative plant richness. Successful plant invasions may change the composition of species communities, basic ecological functions, and the delivery of ecosystem services. Thus, identifying the factors that influence such variation in distribution patterns can be fundamental to recognizing the present and potential future extent of nonnative plant infestations and, in turn, developing appropriate management programs.
C1 [Decker, Karie L.; Hellman, Michelle L.; Jorgensen, Christopher F.; Stutzman, Ryan J.; Unstad, Kody M.; Williams, Amy] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Decker, KL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM kdecker4@unl.edu
RI Allen, Craig/J-4464-2012
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University
of Nebraska, Lincoln; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife
Management Institute
FX The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
supported by a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey;
the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; the University of Nebraska,
Lincoln; the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; and the Wildlife Management
Institute. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank the U.S.
Geological Survey National Biological Information Infrastructure, Gap
Analysis Program, and the Rainwater Basin Joint Venture for the use of
land-cover data.
NR 68
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 48
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 1939-7291
J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA
JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 1
BP 108
EP 116
DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-11-00007.1
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 917TC
UT WOS:000302200500013
ER
PT J
AU Hyun, SY
Reynolds, JH
Galbreath, PF
AF Hyun, Saang-Yoon
Reynolds, Joel H.
Galbreath, Peter F.
TI Accounting for Tag Loss and Its Uncertainty in a Mark-Recapture Study
with a Mixture of Single and Double Tags
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT; BIAS
AB Unless accounted for in the estimation, tag loss will cause mark-recapture methods to overestimate the true abundance of a closed population and to underestimate the associated uncertainty. Current methods of accounting for tag loss require all marked individuals to be double-tagged. We present a new model that fully accounts for tag loss and allows for the use of a mixture of single-and double-tagged individuals, thus simplifying implementation in the field. Treating abundance, tag loss rate, and capture probabilities as free parameters, we estimated those parameters and their uncertainty by using maximum likelihood. Whereas existing methods assume that a double-tagged animal does not lose both tags, the new model allows the animal to lose both tags. The new model's performance was assessed and compared with that of other estimators (modified Petersen and Seber-Felton) via simulation. As expected, estimates from the new model were less biased and more precise than estimates from the other models. The model was used to estimate the abundance of the kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka population in the Metolius River, Oregon, during 2007. Abundance was estimated at 102,970 fish ((SE) over cap = 8,930), tag loss rate was estimated at 0.27 ((SE) over cap =0.05), the capture probability for the first sample (tagging) was 0.03 ((SE) over cap = 0.00), and the capture probability for the second sample (recovery) was 0.11 ((SE) over cap = 0.01). The new model uses all of the information from single-and double-tag data, provides unbiased abundance estimates in the presence of tag loss for a closed population, and has less-stringent field requirements that make it easier to employ than other methods.
C1 [Hyun, Saang-Yoon] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA.
[Reynolds, Joel H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Realty & Nat Resources, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Galbreath, Peter F.] Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
RP Hyun, SY (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, 706 S Rodney French Blvd, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA.
EM shyun@umassd.edu
RI Reynolds, Joel/E-1445-2011
OI Reynolds, Joel/0000-0003-4506-0501
FU Pacific Coastal Salmon Recovery Fund Project [2007-5-O2]; School for
Marine Science and Technology at the University of
Massachusetts-Dartmouth
FX We acknowledge the cooperation of Jens Lovtang (Confederated Tribes of
the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon), Megan Hill (Portland General
Electric), and Brett Hodgson and Richard Stocking (Oregon Department of
Fish and Wildlife), who shared data. We are also grateful to Jon Schnute
(Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada) for assistance
with ADMB and PBSadmb. Our model (MRmix) is available at
www.smast.umassd.edu/qfm and as a web-based version at
www.critfc.org/mrmix. Rebecca Buchanan (University of Washington) and
anonymous referees provided valuable comments on the manuscript. Funding
from the Pacific Coastal Salmon Recovery Fund Project entitled
"Enumeration of Kokanee Salmon Escapement into the Metolius River"
(Project Number 2007-5-O2) supported P. F. G. Start-up research funding
for S.-Y.H. was provided by the School for Marine Science and Technology
at the University of Massachusetts-Dartmouth.
NR 24
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 1
BP 11
EP 25
DI 10.1080/00028487.2011.639263
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 903XC
UT WOS:000301154500002
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, GB
Freeman, MC
Hagler, MM
Freeman, BJ
AF Anderson, Gregory B.
Freeman, Mary C.
Hagler, Megan M.
Freeman, Byron J.
TI Occupancy Modeling and Estimation of the Holiday Darter Species Complex
within the Etowah River System
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; DETECTION PROBABILITY PARAMETERS; FRESH-WATER
FISHES; UNITED-STATES; HABITAT; ASSEMBLAGES; URBANIZATION; CONSERVATION;
PREVALENCE; DIVERSITY
AB Documenting the status of rare fishes is a crucial step in effectively managing populations and implementing regulatory mechanisms of protection. In recent years, site occupancy has become an increasingly popular metric for assessing populations, but species distribution models that do not account for imperfect detection can underestimate the proportion of sites occupied and the strength of the relationship with a hypothesized covariate. However, valid detection requires temporal or spatial replication, which is often not feasible due to logistical or budget constraints. In this study, we used a method that allowed for spatial replication during a single visit to evaluate the current status of the holiday darter species complex, Etheostoma sp. cf. E. brevirostrum, within the Etowah River system. Moreover, the modeling approach used in this study facilitated comparisons of factors influencing stream occupancy as well as species detection within sites. The results suggest that there is less habitat available for the Etowah holiday darter form (Etheostoma sp. cf. E. brevirostrum B) than for the Amicalola holiday darter form (Etheostoma sp. cf. E. brevirostrum A). Additionally, occupancy models suggest that even small decreases in forest cover within these headwater systems adversely affect holiday darter populations.
C1 [Anderson, Gregory B.; Hagler, Megan M.; Freeman, Byron J.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Freeman, Mary C.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Freeman, Byron J.] Univ Georgia, Georgia Museum Nat Hist, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Anderson, GB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, 140 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM grega@uga.edu
FU Georgia Department of Natural Resources
FX We would like to thank Brett Albanese and Jim Peterson for providing
invaluable insight on project design and analysis. Additionally, Seth
Wenger was extremely helpful in evaluating the analysis used in this
study. Members of the laboratory of Byron Freeman of the Odum School of
Ecology, especially Christina Baker, Nicole Pontzer, and Amanda Neese,
were essential in both the field and the lab. Funding was provided by
grants provided to Byron J. Freeman from the Georgia Department of
Natural Resources. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 53
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 1
BP 34
EP 45
DI 10.1080/00028487.2011.644193
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 903XC
UT WOS:000301154500004
ER
PT J
AU Moyer, GR
Sweka, JA
Peterson, DL
AF Moyer, G. R.
Sweka, J. A.
Peterson, D. L.
TI Past and Present Processes Influencing Genetic Diversity and Effective
Population Size in a Natural Population of Atlantic Sturgeon
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN COMPUTATION; ACIPENSER-OXYRINCHUS; OVERLAPPING
GENERATIONS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; HUDSON RIVER; BIOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; ALTAMAHA RIVER; NORTH-AMERICA;
LIFE-HISTORY
AB Threats such as habitat loss, invasive species, and overexploitation cause species extinctions; however, stochastic processes can accelerate extinction rates as census sizes decline. Using molecular and ecological data, we explored the influence of these processes on the demography of a candidate species under the U. S. Endangered Species Act-the Atlantic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus. We used molecular microsatellite markers to estimate the effective population size (N-e) and effective number of breeders (N-b) and we used mark-recapture data to estimate the number of spawners (N-a) for Atlantic sturgeon of the Altamaha River, Georgia. We found that estimates of N-b were 7-45% less than the estimated N-a over four consecutive cohorts and that skewed sex ratios could explain the relative decrease of N-b to N-a. Our estimate of contemporary N-e was 125 (95% confidence interval = 75-348) and was at least an order of magnitude less than our estimate of historical N-e. To explain the large discrepancy between these estimates, we tested several alternative evolutionary scenarios that might explain the observed pattern of genetic diversity. Our results indicated that the observed genetic data were indeed best explained (i.e., 0.998 posterior probability of the data given the hypothesis) by overexploitation during the last half of the 20th century.
C1 [Moyer, G. R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, Warm Springs, GA 31820 USA.
[Sweka, J. A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, NE Fishery Ctr, Lamar, PA 16848 USA.
[Peterson, D. L.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Moyer, GR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, 5151 Spring St, Warm Springs, GA 31820 USA.
EM greg_moyer@fws.gov
NR 66
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U1 1
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 1
BP 56
EP 67
DI 10.1080/00028487.2011.651073
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 903XC
UT WOS:000301154500006
ER
PT J
AU Ivasauskas, TJ
Bettoli, PW
Holt, T
AF Ivasauskas, Tomas J.
Bettoli, Phillip W.
Holt, Thomas
TI Effects of Suture Material and Ultrasonic Transmitter Size on Survival,
Growth, Wound Healing, and Tag Expulsion in Rainbow Trout
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; SURGICAL IMPLANTATION; TELEMETRY TRANSMITTERS;
ACOUSTIC TRANSMITTERS; RADIO TRANSMITTERS; DUMMY TRANSMITTERS; FISH;
PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIOR; SURGEON
AB We examined the effects of suture material (braided silk versus Monocryl) and relative ultrasonic transmitter size on healing, growth, mortality, and tag retention in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. In experiment 1, 40 fish (205-281 mm total length [TL], 106-264 g) were implanted with Sonotronics IBT-96-2 (23 x 7 mm; weight in air, 4.4 g; weight in water, 2.4 g) or IBT 96-2E (30 x 7 mm; weight in air, 4.9 g; weight in water, 2.4 g) ultrasonic telemetry tags. In experiment 2, 20 larger fish (342-405 mm TL; 520-844 g) were implanted with Sonotronics IBT-96-5 ultrasonic tags (36 x 11 mm; weight in air, 9.1 g; weight in water, 4.1 g). The tag burdens for all implanted fish ranged from 1.1% to 3.4%, and fish in both studies were held at 10-15 degrees C. At the conclusion of both experiments (65 d after surgery), no mortalities were observed in any of the 60 tagged fish, most incisions were completely healed, and all fish in both experiments grew in length, although tagged fish grew more slowly than control fish in experiment 1. In both experiments, fish sutured with silk expelled tags more frequently than those sutured with Monocryl. Expulsion was observed in 45-50% of the fish sutured with silk and 0-25% of the fish sutured with Monocryl. Tag expulsion was not observed until 25-35 d after surgery. Fish sutured with silk exhibited a more severe inflammatory response 3 weeks after surgery than those sutured with Monocryl. In experiment 1, the rate of expulsion was linked to the severity of inflammation. Although braided silk sutures were applied faster than Moncryl sutures in both experiments, knots tied with either material were equally reliable and fish sutured with Monocryl experienced less inflammation and lower rates of tag expulsion.
C1 [Ivasauskas, Tomas J.; Bettoli, Phillip W.] Tennessee Technol Univ, US Geol Survey, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Cookeville, TN 38501 USA.
[Holt, Thomas] Anim Med Clin, Cookeville, TN 38501 USA.
RP Ivasauskas, TJ (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, US Geol Survey, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, 1100 N Dixie Ave,205 Pennebaker Hall, Cookeville, TN 38501 USA.
EM tivasauskas@tntech.edu
FU Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency; Center for the Management,
Utilization, and Protection of Water Resources at Tennessee
Technological University; Tennessee Cooperative Fishery Research Unit
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Tennessee Wildlife
Resources Agency, the Center for the Management, Utilization, and
Protection of Water Resources at Tennessee Technological University, and
the Tennessee Cooperative Fishery Research Unit. This manuscript
benefited from constructive comments on an earlier draft by J. M.
Redding, T. H. Roberts, R. S. Brown, and K. Hoffman. Many thanks are
extended to T. Campbell and the staff at Dale Hollow National Fish
Hatchery and S. Surgenor at Flintville State Fish Hatchery. The use of
trade, product, industry, or firm names or products is for information
purposes only and does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S.
Government or the U.S. Geological Survey.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 1
BP 100
EP 106
DI 10.1080/00028487.2011.651553
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 903XC
UT WOS:000301154500010
ER
PT J
AU Haeseker, SL
McCann, JA
Tuomikoski, J
Chockley, B
AF Haeseker, Steven L.
McCann, Jerry A.
Tuomikoski, Jack
Chockley, Brandon
TI Assessing Freshwater and Marine Environmental Influences on
Life-Stage-Specific Survival Rates of Snake River Spring-Summer Chinook
Salmon and Steelhead
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID INTEGRATED TRANSPONDER TAGS; NORTHEAST PACIFIC SALMON; JUVENILE
SALMONIDS; COLUMBIA RIVERS; DELAYED MORTALITY; OCEAN CONDITIONS;
HYDROPOWER SYSTEM; MARKED ANIMALS; TRAVEL-TIME; STREAM
AB Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. from the Snake River basin experience a wide range of environmental conditions during their freshwater, estuarine, and marine residence, which in turn influence their survival rates at each life stage. In addition, researchers have found that juvenile out-migration conditions can influence subsequent survival during estuarine and marine residence, a concept known as the hydrosystem-related, delayed-mortality hypothesis. In this analysis, we calculated seasonal, life-stage-specific survival rate estimates for Snake River spring-summer Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and steelhead O. mykiss and conducted multiple-regression analyses to identify the freshwater and marine environmental factors associated with survival at each life stage. We also conducted correlation analyses to test the hydrosystem-related, delayed-mortality hypothesis. We found that the freshwater variables we examined (the percentage of river flow spilled over out-migration dams and water transit time) were important for characterizing the variation in survival rates not only during freshwater out-migration but also during estuarine and marine residence. Of the marine factors examined, we found that the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index was the most important variable for characterizing the variation in the marine and cumulative smolt-to-adult survival rates of both species. In support of the hydrosystem-related, delayed-mortality hypothesis, we found that freshwater and marine survival rates were correlated, indicating that a portion of the mortality expressed after leaving the hydrosystem is related to processes affected by downstream migration conditions. Our results indicate that improvements in life-stage-specific and smolt-to-adult survival may be achievable across a range of marine conditions through increasing spill percentages and reducing water transit times during juvenile salmon out-migration.
C1 [Haeseker, Steven L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fishery Program Off, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[McCann, Jerry A.; Tuomikoski, Jack; Chockley, Brandon] Fish Passage Ctr, Portland, OR 97213 USA.
RP Haeseker, SL (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fishery Program Off, 1211 SE Cardinal Court,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM steve_haeseker@fws.gov
NR 61
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 1
BP 121
EP 138
DI 10.1080/00028487.2011.652009
PG 18
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 903XC
UT WOS:000301154500013
ER
PT J
AU Walters, CJ
van Poorten, BT
Coggins, LG
AF Walters, Carl J.
van Poorten, Brett T.
Coggins, Lewis G.
TI Bioenergetics and Population Dynamics of Flannelmouth Sucker and
Bluehead Sucker in Grand Canyon as Evidenced by Tag Recapture
Observations
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID COLORADO RIVER; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; MORTALITY; MODEL; FISH; AGE
AB Flannelmouth suckers Catostomus latipinnus and bluehead suckers C. discolobus in the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River are among the few native species to persist after river conditions changed with the completion of Glen Canyon Dam in 1963. To evaluate the effectiveness of adaptive management manipulations to the system for recovering native species, it is necessary to estimate basic demographic and population dynamic parameters for the species of interest, such as growth, mortality, and recruitment. With this in mind, we present a two-stage analysis in which we first estimated growth and individual ages using a field-based bioenergetics model and then input the age estimates into age-structured mark-recapture (ASMR) models to estimate mortality and recruitment. The analysis was based on 18,500 flannelmouth suckers and 13,975 bluehead suckers that had been tagged with passive integrated transponder tags in the main-stem Colorado River in Grand Canyon and its tributaries since 1989. The bioenergetics estimates of growth suggest that the growth of flannelmouth suckers is faster and that of bluehead suckers slower than in the tributaries reported in other studies. The results from the bioenergetics model provide necessary parameters for input into future ecosystem models. The ASMR models that include the effects of age-specific gear vulnerability indicate that annual natural mortality rates are about 0.2 for flannelmouth suckers and 0.4 for bluehead suckers, which is in agreement with independent estimates from growth parameters and longevity. The estimates of age-1 sucker recruitment and adult abundance correspond well with independent electrofishing catch rate data. The estimated recruitment and abundance estimates provide insights into the efficacy of adaptive management actions targeted to benefit native fishes over the past two decades.
C1 [Walters, Carl J.; van Poorten, Brett T.] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Coggins, Lewis G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Conservat Training Ctr, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA.
RP Walters, CJ (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM c.walters@fisheries.ubc.ca
RI Walters, Carl/D-5714-2012
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center
(GCMRC); GCMRC
FX Financial support for the study was provided by the U.S. Geological
Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center (GCMRC). We
especially thank Ted Melis of GCMRC for support of the work and Scott
Rogers of Arizona Game and Fish Department for sharing his assessments
of fish distributions and abundances based on electrofishing data. Many
helpful comments were provided by reviewers, the associate editor, and
the editor.
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PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 1
BP 158
EP 173
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.654891
PG 16
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 903XC
UT WOS:000301154500016
ER
PT J
AU Wathen, G
Zydlewski, J
Coghlan, SM
Trial, JG
AF Wathen, Gus
Zydlewski, Joseph
Coghlan, Stephen M., Jr.
Trial, Joan G.
TI Effects of Smallmouth Bass on Atlantic Salmon Habitat Use and Diel
Movements in an Artificial Stream
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; BROOK TROUT; ACTIVITY PATTERNS; BROWN
TROUT; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS;
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; ECOLOGICAL RESOURCE; FEEDING-ACTIVITY;
RAINBOW-TROUT
AB Invasive smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu have been introduced to some of the last remaining watersheds that contain wild anadromous Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, yet little is known about the interactions between these species. We used an artificial stream equipped with passive integrated transponder tag antenna arrays to monitor habitat use and movements of age-0 Atlantic salmon and age-0 smallmouth bass in sympatry and allopatry. We used additive and substitutive designs to test for changes in habitat use, diel movements, and diel activity patterns of prior-resident Atlantic salmon or smallmouth bass resulting from the addition of conspecifics or heterospecifics. Atlantic salmon prior residents did not change their habitat use in the presence of conspecific or heterospecific invaders. However, Atlantic salmon invaders did lessen riffle habitat use by smallmouth bass prior residents during daytime. Atlantic salmon and smallmouth bass displayed different diel activity patterns of movement (Atlantic salmon were more nocturnal; smallmouth bass were more diurnal), which were affected by heterospecific introductions. Because the two species tended to favor different habitat types and displayed different diel activity patterns, we suggest that under the conditions tested, the level of interspecific competition for habitat was low. Age-0 Atlantic salmon and smallmouth bass may be able to avoid intense interspecific competition through spatial and temporal habitat partitioning. These data do not, however, predict the potential for competition under different seasonal or ontogenetic circumstances.
C1 [Wathen, Gus; Zydlewski, Joseph; Coghlan, Stephen M., Jr.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Trial, Joan G.] Maine Dept Marine Resources, Bangor, ME 04401 USA.
RP Zydlewski, J (reprint author), Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM jzydlewski@usga.gov
FU University of Maine; Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station;
U.S. Geological Survey; Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit; Outdoor Heritage Fund; Maine Department of Marine Resources
FX We thank Wes Ashe, James Osenton, Scott Ouellette, Megan Patridge,
Janice Hubner, and Silas Ratten for their assistance in the laboratory.
We are also grateful to Dimitry Gorsky for his help data organization
and analysis. We thank Paul Santavy, Scott Craig, and staff at the Craig
Brook National Fish Hatchery for providing Atlantic salmon fry and
logistical support. This project benefited from the logistical and
professional support of Neil Greenburg and Douglas Reed (University of
Maine) and Peter Ruksznis (Maine Department of Marine Resources). We
thank Jeff Johnson and Pat Connolly for reviewing an earlier version of
this manuscript and Fred Utter and three anonymous reviewers for
providing valuable suggestions that improved the manuscript. Funding was
provided by the University of Maine, the Maine Agricultural and Forest
Experiment Station, the U.S. Geological Survey, Maine Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit, the Outdoor Heritage Fund, and the Maine
Department of Marine Resources. This paper is Maine Agricultural and
Forest Experiment Station Publication Number 3166. All experimental fish
were handled in accordance with Protocol A2005-08-01, which was approved
by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, University of Maine.
Mention of trade names does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government.
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PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 1
BP 174
EP 184
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.655116
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 903XC
UT WOS:000301154500017
ER
PT J
AU Bunnell, DB
Madenjian, CP
Rogers, MW
Holuszko, JD
Begnoche, LJ
AF Bunnell, David B.
Madenjian, Charles P.
Rogers, Mark W.
Holuszko, Jeffrey D.
Begnoche, Linda J.
TI Exploring Mechanisms Underlying Sex-Specific Differences in Mortality of
Lake Michigan Bloaters
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID WALLEYE STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM; LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; COREGONUS-HOYI;
SIZE DIMORPHISM; GROWTH DYNAMICS; SALMON; RATIO; CONSEQUENCES;
MATURATION; SURVIVAL
AB Sex-specific differences in mortality rates have been observed among freshwater and marine fish taxa, and underlying mechanisms can include sex-specific differences in (1) age at maturity, (2) growth rate, or (3) activity or behavior during the spawning period. We used a long-term (1973-2009) Lake Michigan data set to evaluate whether there were sex-specific differences in catch per unit effort, mortality, age at maturity, and length at age in bloaters Coregonus hoyi. Because bloater population biomass varied 200-fold during the years analyzed, we divided the data into three periods: (1) 1973-1982 (low biomass), (2) 1983-1997 (high biomass), and (3) 1998-2009 (low biomass). Mortality was higher for males than for females in periods 2 and 3; the average instantaneous total mortality rate (Z) over these two periods was 0.71 for males and 0.57 for females. Length at age was slightly greater (2-6%) for females than for males in different age-classes (3-6 years) during each period. Age at maturity was earlier for males than for females in periods 1 and 2, but the mean difference was only 0.2-0.4 years. To test the hypothesis that somatic lipids declined more in males than in females during spawning (perhaps due to increased activity or reduced feeding), we estimated sex-specific percent somatic lipids for fish sampled in 2005-2006 and 2007-2008. During 2005-2006, somatic lipids declined from prespawning to postspawning for males but were unchanged for females. During 2007-2008, however, somatic lipids were unchanged formales, whereas they increased for females. We found that sex-specific differences in Z occurred in the Lake Michigan bloater population, but our hypotheses that sex-specific differences in maturity and growth could explain this pattern were generally unsupported. Our hypothesis that somatic lipids in males declined during spawning at a faster rate than in females will require additional research to clarify its importance.
C1 [Bunnell, David B.; Madenjian, Charles P.; Rogers, Mark W.; Holuszko, Jeffrey D.; Begnoche, Linda J.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Bunnell, DB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM dbunnell@usgs.gov
OI Bunnell, David/0000-0003-3521-7747
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J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 141
IS 1
BP 204
EP 214
DI 10.1080/00028487.2012.655124
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SC Fisheries
GA 903XC
UT WOS:000301154500020
ER
PT J
AU Daily, JP
Hitt, NP
Smith, DR
Snyder, CD
AF Daily, Jonathan P.
Hitt, Nathaniel P.
Smith, David R.
Snyder, Craig D.
TI Experimental and environmental factors affect spurious detection of
ecological thresholds
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ecological thresholds; nonparametric change point analysis; piecewise
quantile regression; SiZer; stream benthic macroinvertebrates; type I
error
ID QUANTILE REGRESSION; ESTIMATING ABUNDANCE; STABLE STATES; REGIME SHIFTS;
GRADIENTS; BIODIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; CRITERIA; STREAMS
AB Threshold detection methods are increasingly popular for assessing nonlinear responses to environmental change, but their statistical performance remains poorly understood. We simulated linear change in stream benthic macroinvertebrate communities and evaluated the performance of commonly used threshold detection methods based on model fitting (piecewise quantile regression [PQR]), data partitioning (nonparametric change point analysis [NCPA]), and a hybrid approach (significant zero crossings [SiZer]). We demonstrated that false detection of ecological thresholds (type I errors) and inferences on threshold locations are influenced by sample size, rate of linear change, and frequency of observations across the environmental gradient (i.e., sample-environment distribution, SED). However, the relative importance of these factors varied among statistical methods and between inference types. False detection rates were influenced primarily by user-selected parameters for PQR (tau) and SiZer (bandwidth) and secondarily by sample size (for PQR) and SED (for SiZer). In contrast, the location of reported thresholds was influenced primarily by SED. Bootstrapped confidence intervals for NCPA threshold locations revealed strong correspondence to SED. We conclude that the choice of statistical methods for threshold detection should be matched to experimental and environmental constraints to minimize false detection rates and avoid spurious inferences regarding threshold location.
C1 [Daily, Jonathan P.; Hitt, Nathaniel P.; Smith, David R.; Snyder, Craig D.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
RP Daily, JP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM jdaily@usgs.gov
FU USGS
FX Funding for this work was provided by USGS National Park Monitoring
Project, Status and Trends of Biological Resources (S&T) Program. We
thank P. Geissler for assistance with the development of the manuscript.
We thank B. Cade, D. Sonderegger, and R. King for helpful comments on
the manuscript.
NR 47
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U1 3
U2 46
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 93
IS 1
BP 17
EP 23
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 915AU
UT WOS:000301996100004
PM 22486082
ER
PT J
AU McElroy, B
DeLonay, A
Jacobson, R
AF McElroy, Brandon
DeLonay, Aaron
Jacobson, Robert
TI Optimum swimming pathways of fish spawning migrations in rivers
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE energetics; energy expenditures; least cost; least-cost migratory
pathways; fluvial velocity fields; migration; Missouri River, USA;
pallid sturgeon; Scaphirynchus albus; spawning migration
ID MIGRATORY COSTS; SALMON; FLOW; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR
AB Fishes that swim upstream in rivers to spawn must navigate complex fluvial velocity fields to arrive at their ultimate locations. One hypothesis with substantial implications is that fish traverse pathways that minimize their energy expenditure during migration. Here we present the methodological and theoretical developments necessary to test this and similar hypotheses. First, a cost function is derived for upstream migration that relates work done by a fish to swimming drag. The energetic cost scales with the cube of a fish's relative velocity integrated along its path. By normalizing to the energy requirements of holding a position in the slowest waters at the path's origin, a cost function is derived that depends only on the physical environment and not on specifics of individual fish. Then, as an example, we demonstrate the analysis of a migration pathway of a telemetrically tracked pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) in the Missouri River (USA). The actual pathway cost is lower than 10(5) random paths through the surveyed reach and is consistent with the optimization hypothesis. The implication-subject to more extensive validation-is that reproductive success in managed rivers could be increased through manipulation of reservoir releases or channel morphology to increase abundance of lower-cost migration pathways.
C1 [McElroy, Brandon; DeLonay, Aaron; Jacobson, Robert] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP McElroy, B (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Dept 3006, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM bmcelroy@uwyo.edu
RI McElroy, Brandon/E-9391-2010; Wei, Qiwei/B-6928-2014
OI McElroy, Brandon/0000-0002-9683-4282; Wei, Qiwei/0000-0002-6366-1020
FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Army
FX This work is partly funded by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers Missouri River Recovery Program. Many thanks to
the entire field crew for their dedicated work during the telemetry
effort, to David Galat and Tim Counihan for early reviews and
suggestions, and to two anonymous reviewers.
NR 27
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U1 3
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PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 93
IS 1
BP 29
EP 34
PG 6
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 915AU
UT WOS:000301996100006
PM 22486084
ER
PT J
AU Auch, RF
Napton, DE
Kambly, S
Moreland, TR
Sayler, KL
AF Auch, Roger F.
Napton, Darrell E.
Kambly, Steven
Moreland, Thomas R., Jr.
Sayler, Kristi L.
TI THE DRIVING FORCES OF LAND CHANGE IN THE NORTHERN PIEDMONT OF THE UNITED
STATES
SO GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE driving forces; ecoregions; land-use change; Northern Piedmont;
urbanization
ID POPULATION-GROWTH; MONTGOMERY COUNTY; FOREST TRANSITION; USE DYNAMICS;
AGRICULTURE; COVER; URBANIZATION; PRESERVATION; MEGALOPOLIS; MANAGEMENT
AB Driving forces facilitate or inhibit land-use / land-cover change. Human driving forces include political, economic, cultural, and social attributes that often change across time and space. Remotely sensed imagery provides regional land-change data for the Northern Piedmont, an ecoregion of the United States that continued to urbanize after 1970 through conversion of agricultural and forest land covers to developed uses. Eight major driving forces facilitated most of the land conversion; other drivers inhibited or slowed change. A synergistic web of drivers may be more important in understanding land change than individual drivers by themselves.
C1 [Auch, Roger F.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources & Observat Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Napton, Darrell E.] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Kambly, Steven; Moreland, Thomas R., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Sayler, Kristi L.] EROS, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
RP Auch, RF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources & Observat Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM auch@usgs.gov; darrell.napton@sdstate.edu; kambly@usgs.gov;
tmorelan@usgs.gov; sayler@usgs.gov
OI Sayler, Kristi/0000-0003-2514-242X; Auch, Roger/0000-0002-5382-5044
NR 86
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U1 1
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0016-7428
J9 GEOGR REV
JI Geogr. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 102
IS 1
BP 53
EP 75
DI 10.1111/j.1931-0846.2012.00130.x
PG 23
WC Geography
SC Geography
GA 901AF
UT WOS:000300933400004
ER
PT J
AU Ramsey, E
Rangoonwala, A
Thomsen, MS
Schwarzschild, A
AF Ramsey, Elijah, III
Rangoonwala, Amina
Thomsen, Mads Solgaard
Schwarzschild, Arthur
TI Flat-plate techniques for measuring reflectance of macro-algae (Ulva
curvata)
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; COASTAL WATERS; LEAVES; FIELD
AB We tested the consistency and accuracy of flat-plate spectral measurements (400-1000 nm) of the marine macrophyte Ulva curvata. With sequential addition of Ulva thallus layers, the reflectance progressively increased from 6% to 9% with six thalli in the visible (VIS) and from 5% to 19% with ten thalli in the near infrared (NIR). This progressive increase was simulated by a mathematical calculation based on an Ulva thallus diffuse reflectance weighted by a transmittance power series. Experimental and simulated reflectance differences that were particularly high in the NIR most likely resulted from residual water and layering structure unevenness in the experimental progression. High spectral overlap existed between fouled and non-fouled Ulva mats and the coexistent lagoon mud in the VIS, whereas in the NIR, spectral contrast was retained but substantially dampened by fouling.
C1 [Ramsey, Elijah, III; Rangoonwala, Amina] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Rangoonwala, Amina] IAP World Serv Inc, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Thomsen, Mads Solgaard] Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Fac Comp Hlth & Sci, Ctr Ecosyst Management, Perth, WA, Australia.
[Thomsen, Mads Solgaard] Natl Environm Res Inst, Dept Marine Ecol, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
[Schwarzschild, Arthur] Univ Virginia, Anheuser Busch Coastal Res Ctr, Cheriton, VA USA.
RP Ramsey, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM elijah_ramsey@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey's National Wetlands Research Center; Naval Research
Laboratory, Coastal & Ocean Remote Sensing Branch, Remote Sensing
Division, Washington, DC, USA
FX Funding for this study was granted through the US Geological Survey's
National Wetlands Research Center and Dr Charles Bachmann of the Naval
Research Laboratory, Coastal & Ocean Remote Sensing Branch, Remote
Sensing Division, Washington, DC, USA. Research was conducted at the
Anheuser-Busch Coastal Research Center, Oyster, VA, USA. Any use of
trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US government.
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 10
BP 3147
EP 3155
DI 10.1080/01431161.2011.633124
PG 9
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 917HJ
UT WOS:000302163200008
ER
PT J
AU Battley, PF
Warnock, N
Tibbitts, TL
Gill, RE
Piersma, T
Hassell, CJ
Douglas, DC
Mulcahy, DM
Gartrell, BD
Schuckard, R
Melville, DS
Riegen, AC
AF Battley, Phil F.
Warnock, Nils
Tibbitts, T. Lee
Gill, Robert E., Jr.
Piersma, Theunis
Hassell, Chris J.
Douglas, David C.
Mulcahy, Daniel M.
Gartrell, Brett D.
Schuckard, Rob
Melville, David S.
Riegen, Adrian C.
TI Contrasting extreme long-distance migration patterns in bar-tailed
godwits Limosa lapponica
SO JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NEW-ZEALAND; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FLIGHT RANGES; RED KNOTS; SHOREBIRDS;
MIGRANTS; ALASKA; POPULATIONS; AUSTRALIA; BEHAVIOR
AB Migrating birds make the longest non-stop endurance flights in the animal kingdom. Satellite technology is now providing direct evidence on the lengths and durations of these flights and associated staging episodes for individual birds. Using this technology, we compared the migration performance of two subspecies of bar-tailed godwit Limosa lapponica travelling between non-breeding grounds in New Zealand (subspecies baueri) and northwest Australia (subspecies menzbieri) and breeding grounds in Alaska and eastern Russia, respectively. Individuals of both subspecies made long, usually non-stop, flights from non-breeding grounds to coastal staging grounds in the Yellow Sea region of East Asia (average 10 060 +/- SD 290 km for baueri and 5860 +/- 240 km for menzbieri). After an average stay of 41.2 +/- 4.8 d, baueri flew over the North Pacific Ocean before heading northeast to the Alaskan breeding grounds (6770 +/- 800 km). Menzbieri staged for 38.4 +/- 2.5 d, and flew over land and sea northeast to high arctic Russia (4170 +/- 370 km). The post-breeding journey for baueri involved several weeks of staging in southwest Alaska followed by non-stop flights across the Pacific Ocean to New Zealand (11 690 km in a complete track) or stopovers on islands in the southwestern Pacific en route to New Zealand and eastern Australia. By contrast, menzbieri returned to Australia via stopovers in the New Siberian Islands, Russia, and back at the Yellow Sea; birds travelled on average 4510 +/- 360 km from Russia to the Yellow Sea, staged there for 40.8 +/- 5.6 d, and then flew another 56807180 km to Australia (10 820 +/- 300 km in total). Overall, the entire migration of the single baueri godwit with a fully completed return track totalled 29 280 km and involved 20 d of major migratory flight over a round-trip journey of 174 d. The entire migrations of menzbieri averaged 21 940 +/- 570 km, including 14 d of major migratory flights out of 154 d total. Godwits of both populations exhibit extreme flight performance, and baueri makes the longest (southbound) and second-longest (northbound) non-stop migratory flights documented for any bird. Both subspecies essentially make single stops when moving between non-breeding and breeding sites in opposite hemispheres. This reinforces the critical importance of the intertidal habitats used by fuelling godwits in Australasia, the Yellow Sea, and Alaska.
C1 [Battley, Phil F.] Massey Univ, Inst Nat Resources, Ecol Grp, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
[Tibbitts, T. Lee; Gill, Robert E., Jr.; Mulcahy, Daniel M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Piersma, Theunis] Univ Groningen, Ctr Ecol & Evol Stud, Anim Ecol Grp, NL-9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands.
[Hassell, Chris J.] Global Flyway Network, Broome, WA 6725, Australia.
[Douglas, David C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Gartrell, Brett D.] Massey Univ, Inst Vet Anim & Biomed Sci, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
[Melville, David S.] Dovedale, Wakefield 7096, Nelson, New Zealand.
RP Battley, PF (reprint author), Massey Univ, Inst Nat Resources, Ecol Grp, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
EM p.battley@massey.ac.nz
RI Piersma, Theunis/D-1871-2012
FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation; US Geological Survey; US Fish and
Wildlife Service; David Seay; BirdLife Netherlands; Global Flyway
Network
FX This work was funded by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, US
Geological Survey, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and David Seay. We
thank BirdLife Netherlands for supporting CJH's shorebird research at
Roebuck Bay and along the flyway through the Global Flyway Network.
Birds were caught and banded under permits from the New Zealand Dept of
Conservation, Auckland Univ., Massey Univ. and the US Geological
Survey's Alaska Science Center. Thanks to Jesse Conklin, Tony Habraken,
Keith Woodley, Noah Warnock, Pavel Tomkovich, Maks Dementyev, Adrian
Boyle, Petra de Goeij, Grant Pearson, Maurice O'Connor, Helen MacArthur,
Brian McCaffery, Ted Swem, Sarah Lovibond, Stan Hermens, and Dan
Ruthrauff for help catching birds, and to Dan Ruthrauff, Jesse Conklin,
Gudmundur Gudmundsson and Guy Morrison for commenting on the manuscript.
Procedures for capture and attachment of transmitters used in this study
are detailed in Inst. Animal Care and Use Committee guidelines of the
Univ. of Auckland, New Zealand, and the U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska
Science Center. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by any institutional affiliation of the
authors.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0908-8857
J9 J AVIAN BIOL
JI J. Avian Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 43
IS 1
BP 21
EP 32
DI 10.1111/j.1600-048X.2011.05473.x
PG 12
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 911HK
UT WOS:000301707700006
ER
PT J
AU Medalie, L
Hirsch, RM
Archfield, SA
AF Medalie, Laura
Hirsch, Robert M.
Archfield, Stacey A.
TI Use of flow-normalization to evaluate nutrient concentration and flux
changes in Lake Champlain tributaries, 1990-2009
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Water quality; Phosphorus; Nitrogen; Long-term trends; Flow-normalized
trends; Lake Champlain
ID WATER-QUALITY; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; TRENDS; PHOSPHORUS; RIVER; TIME;
DISCHARGE; POLLUTION; POLICY
AB The U.S. Geological Survey evaluated 20 years of total phosphorus (P) and total nitrogen (N) concentration data for 18 Lake Champlain tributaries using a new statistical method based on weighted regressions to estimate daily concentration and flux histories based on discharge, season, and trend as explanatory variables. The use of all the streamflow discharge values for a given date in the record, in a process called "flow-normalization", removed the year-to-year variation due to streamflow and generated a smooth time series from which trends were calculated. This approach to data analysis can be of great value to evaluations of the success of restoration efforts because it filters out the large random fluctuations in the flux that are due to the temporal variability in streamflow. Results for the full 20 years of record showed a mixture of upward and downward trends for concentrations and yields of P and N. When the record was broken into two 10-year periods, for many tributaries, the more recent period showed a reversal in N from upward to downward trends and a similar reversal or reduction in magnitude of upward trends for P. Some measures of P and N concentrations and yields appear to be related to intensity of agricultural activities, point-source loads of P, or population density. Total flow-normalized P flux aggregated from the monitored tributaries showed a decrease of 30 metric tons per year from 1991 to 2009, which is about 15% of the targeted reduction established by the operational management plan for the Lake Champlain Basin. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Medalie, Laura] US Geol Survey, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA.
[Hirsch, Robert M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 432, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Archfield, Stacey A.] US Geol Survey, Northborough, MA 01532 USA.
RP Medalie, L (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 628, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA.
EM lmedalie@usgs.gov; rhirsch@usgs.gov; sarch@usgs.gov
OI Hirsch, Robert/0000-0002-4534-075X
FU USGS
FX The authors would like to thank Eric Smeltzer, Peter Stangel, Angela
Shambaugh, and Catherine Eliopoulos of the Vermont Department of
Environmental Conservation and Fred Dunlop and Joe Racette of the New
York State Department of Environmental Conservation for sample
collection and data stewardship. Additional tribute is due to Daniel
McAvinney and Christine Russo at The Vermont Department of Environmental
Conservation LaRosa Laboratory for laboratory analysis. Thanks to David
Mueller and Ken Toppin of the USGS for providing valuable review
comments. Financial support for all other aspects of this project was
provided by the USGS.
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PY 2012
VL 38
SU 1
SI SI
BP 58
EP 67
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2011.10.002
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 908TF
UT WOS:000301514000006
ER
PT J
AU Manley, PL
Manley, TO
Hayo, K
Cronin, T
AF Manley, Patricia L.
Manley, T. O.
Hayo, Kathryn
Cronin, Thomas
TI Small-scale lacustrine drifts in Lake Champlain, Vermont
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Lacustrine; Sediment drift; Lake Champlain; Physical limnology; Sediment
properties; Seismic acoustics
ID CONTOURITE DRIFTS; SEA
AB High resolution CHIRP (Compressed High Intensity Radar Pulse) seismic profiles reveal the presence of two lacustrine sediment drifts located in Lake Champlain's Juniper Deep. Both drifts are positive features composed of highly laminated sediments. Drift B sits on a basement high while Drift A is built on a trough-filling acoustically-transparent sediment unit inferred to be a mass-transport event. These drifts are oriented approximately north-south and are parallel to a steep ridge along the eastern shore of the basin. Drift A, located at the bottom of a structural trough, is classified as a confined, elongate drift that transitions northward to become a system of upslope asymmetric mudwaves. Drift B is perched atop a structural high to the west of Drift A and is classified as a detached elongate drift. Bottom current depositional control was investigated using Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) located across Drift A. Sediment cores were taken at the crest and at the edges of the Drift A and were dated. Drift source, deposition, and evolution show that these drifts are formed by a water column shear with the highest deposition occurring along its crest and western flank and began developing circa 8700-8800 year BP. (C) 2011 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Manley, Patricia L.; Manley, T. O.] Middlebury Coll, Dept Geol, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA.
[Hayo, Kathryn] Univ Colorado, INSTARR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cronin, Thomas] 926A US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Manley, PL (reprint author), Middlebury Coll, Dept Geol, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA.
EM manley@middlebury.edu; tmanley@middlebury.edu;
Kathryn.Hayo@Colorado.EDU; tcronin@usgs.gov
FU USGS; Middlebury College; UCRF; NOAA
FX The paper benefited from reviews from Melissa Berke and an anonymous
reviewer. We thank Captain Richard Furbush and 1st mate Mark Eisenhower
of the R/V Melosira for assistance in mooring deployment, recovery and
coring. Tara Taylor-Ide participated in the initial CHIRP survey and
Emily Dawson assisted with core processing and grain size
determinations. Richard Bopp of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
provided the 210Pb and 137Cs determinations and
the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility
(NOSAMS) at WHO! did the carbon dating. Modeling and visual display of
several images were created using Dynamic Graphics, Inc. earthVision
software. This work was funded in part by USGS Reston office, Middlebury
College senior work and UCRF funds and NOAA appropriations to Lake
Champlain. The use of brand, firm, or trade names is for descriptive
purposes only and implies no endorsement by the U. S. government or its
agencies.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PY 2012
VL 38
SU 1
SI SI
BP 88
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2011.05.004
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 908TF
UT WOS:000301514000009
ER
PT J
AU Howe, EA
Marsden, JE
Donovan, TM
Lamberson, RH
AF Howe, Eric A.
Marsden, J. Ellen
Donovan, Therese M.
Lamberson, Roland H.
TI A life cycle approach to modeling sea lamprey population dynamics in the
Lake Champlain basin to evaluate alternative control strategies
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea lamprey; Population dynamics; Lake Champlain; Density dependence;
Fishery management; Matrix modeling
ID GREAT-LAKES; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; HISTORY CHARACTERISTICS; LETHAL
CONTROL; MATRIX MODELS; GROWTH-RATE; MANAGEMENT; LARVAL; CONSERVATION;
FECUNDITY
AB Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is a nuisance species in the Laurentian Great Lakes and Lake Champlain that has devastated native fish populations and hampered sport fisheries development. We developed a modified stage-based life history matrix for sea lamprey to analyze the effects of various management efforts to suppress sea lamprey population growth in Lake Champlain. These efforts targeted different life stages of the sea lamprey life cycle. A beta distribution was used to distribute stochastic larval populations among twenty sea lamprey-bearing tributaries and five deltas to Lake Champlain, from which sea lamprey that survive through larval metamorphosis were then pooled into a lake-wide parasitic-phase population. Parasiticphase survival to the spawning stage was evaluated based on proximity to the natal tributary and on the size of the resident larval population in each tributary. Potential control strategies were modeled at egg to emergence, larval, and spawning stages to reduce vital rates at each stage, with the goal of suppressing parasiticphase production. Simulations indicate that control of the larval stage was essential to achieving this goal, and with supplemental effort to reduce the vital rates at early life stages and at the spawning stage, the parasitic-phase population can be further suppressed. Sensitivity simulations indicate that the life history model was sensitive to egg deposition rate, abundance of parasitic-phase sea lamprey from unknown, uncontrolled sources, and the method in which parasitic-phase sea lamprey select tributaries for spawning. Results from this model can guide management agencies to optimize future management programs. (C) 2011 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Howe, Eric A.; Marsden, J. Ellen] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Donovan, Therese M.] Univ Vermont, US Geol Survey, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Lamberson, Roland H.] Humboldt Univ, Dept Math, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
RP Howe, EA (reprint author), Lake Champlain Basin Program, 54 W Shore Rd, Grand Isle, VT 05458 USA.
EM ehowe@lcbp.org; Ellen.Marsden@uvm.edu; Therese.Donovan@uvm.edu;
rhl1@humboldt.edu
FU Lake Champlain Sea Grant; Lake Champlain Basin Program
FX We thank Lake Champlain Sea Grant and the Lake Champlain Basin Program
for funding this project. We thank representatives from the following
agencies and organizations for their support and insight into the
development and parameterization for this project: the US Fish and
Wildlife Service, VT Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, NYS Dept. of
Environmental Conservation, and The Nature Conservancy. Stephen Smith,
Wayne Bouffard, Jan Janecka, Craig Martin, and Dr. Timothy Tear provided
invaluable support for this project. We thank Drs. William Ardren,
Charles Goodnight, Donna Parrish and two anonymous reviewers for their
insightful reviews of early drafts of this manuscript. Use of
trade-names in this article does not confer government endorsement. The
Vermont Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored
by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Vermont Department of Fish and
Wildlife, the University of Vermont, and the Wildlife Management
Institute.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PY 2012
VL 38
SU 1
SI SI
BP 101
EP 114
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2011.11.002
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 908TF
UT WOS:000301514000010
ER
PT J
AU Simonin, PW
Parrish, DL
Rudstam, LG
Sullivan, PJ
Pientka, B
AF Simonin, Paul W.
Parrish, Donna L.
Rudstam, Lars G.
Sullivan, Patrick J.
Pientka, Bernard
TI Native rainbow smelt and nonnative alewife distribution related to
temperature and light gradients in Lake Champlain
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Distribution; Habitat; Temperature; Light; Rainbow smelt; Alewife
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTION; DIEL VERTICAL
MIGRATIONS; ADDITIVE MIXED MODELS; SITU TARGET-STRENGTH;
ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; OSMERUS-MORDAX; HABITAT SELECTION; FISH
COMMUNITIES; ATLANTIC SALMON
AB Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) recently became established in Lake Champlain and may compete with native rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) for food or consume larval rainbow smelt. The strength of this effect depends partly on the spatial and temporal overlap of different age groups of the two species; therefore, we need a better understanding of factors affecting alewife and rainbow smelt distributions in Lake Champlain. We used hydroacoustics, trawls, and gill nets to document vertical fish distribution, and recorded environmental data during 16 day-night surveys over two years. Temperature, temperature change, and light were all predictors of adult and age-0 rainbow smelt distribution, and temperature and light were predictors of age-0 alewives' distribution (based on GAMM models evaluated with AIC). Adult alewives were 5-30 m shallower and age-0 alewives were 2-15 m shallower than their rainbow smelt counterparts. Adult rainbow smelt distribution overlapped with age-0 rainbow smelt and age-0 alewives near the thermocline (10-25 m), whereas adult alewives were shallower (0-6 m) and overlapped with age-0 alewives and rainbow smelt in the epilimnion. Adult rainbow smelt were in water <10-12 degrees C, whereas age-0 rainbow smelt were in 10-20 degrees C, and adult and age-0 alewives were in 15-22 degrees C water. Predicting these species distributions is necessary for quantifying the strength of predatory and competitive interactions between alewife and rainbow smelt, as well as between alewife and other fish species in Lake Champlain. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Parrish, Donna L.] Univ Vermont, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, US Geol Survey, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Rudstam, Lars G.] Cornell Univ, Biol Field Stn, Dept Nat Resources, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
[Pientka, Bernard] Vermont Dept Fish & Wildlife, Essex Jct, VT 05402 USA.
[Sullivan, Patrick J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Simonin, PW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM pws@cornell.edu; dparrish@uvm.edu; lgr1@cornell.edu; pws44@cornell.edu;
Bernie.Pientka@state.vt.us
FU National Sea Grant College Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, US Department of Commerce [NA16RG2206]; U.S. Geological
Survey, Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife, the University of
Vermont and the Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank: Dave Gibson, Richard Balouskus, Kiley Briggs, Isaac Chellman,
Nick Staats, Howard Simonin, Mike Harrington, and several Vermont Fish &
Wildlife technicians for field and lab assistance; Brent Boscarino, Ryan
Butryn, Roland Wang, and Jim Watkins for help in the lab and with
analyses. Ellen Marsden and Nick Gotelli provided helpful advice and
comments throughout fieldwork and writing stages. This work was
sponsored in part by a grant from the National Sea Grant College
Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Department
of Commerce, to Lake Champlain Sea Grant under grant number NA16RG2206.
Vermont Fish and Wildlife provided in-kind support. The views expressed
here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views
of the sponsors. Mention of brand names does not constitute product
endorsement by the U.S. federal government. This is publication number
LCSG-00-00-11 and number xxx from the Cornell Biological Field Station.
The Vermont Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, Vermont Department of Fish and
Wildlife, the University of Vermont and the Wildlife Management
Institute.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PY 2012
VL 38
SU 1
SI SI
BP 115
EP 122
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2011.06.002
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 908TF
UT WOS:000301514000011
ER
PT J
AU Duerr, AE
Capen, DE
Donovan, TM
AF Duerr, Adam E.
Capen, David E.
Donovan, Therese M.
TI Energetic considerations for managing double-crested cormorants on Lake
Champlain
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Activity budgets; Energetics model; Double-crested cormorant; Lake
Champlain; New York; Vermont
ID PHALACROCORAX-CARBO-CARBO; DAILY ACTIVITY BUDGETS; GREAT CORMORANTS;
YELLOW PERCH; EASTERN BASIN; ONEIDA LAKE; AURITUS; PREDATION; ANHINGAS;
BEHAVIOR
AB We studied foraging distribution, activity budgets, fish consumption, and energetics of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) at two breeding colonies on Lake Champlain. Our objective was to determine if fish consumption and distribution of predation changed with movements of cormorants associated with efforts to reduce numbers of cormorants on one of the colonies. Wildlife managers reduced populations of cormorants on Young Island, Vermont by oiling their eggs, which resulted in dispersal of breeding cormorants 35 km south to Four Brothers Islands, New York. We found that as cormorants shifted from Young Island to the colony on Four Brothers Islands, energy demands, foraging distribution, and total fish consumption increased. Birds on Four Brothers Islands foraged a greater distance from the colony compared to birds on Young Island. Additionally, consumption of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) shifted to rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) when more birds bred on Four Brothers Islands. The dispersal of cormorants from Young Island to Four Brothers Islands reduced predation on yellow perch but increased overall fish consumption. Our estimates of fish consumption ranged from 322.000-425,000 kg of fish per year at Young Island to 899,000-1.086.000 kg of fish per year at Four Brothers Islands. Results from this study demonstrate secondary impacts of management on Young Island to unmanaged areas. (C) 2012 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Donovan, Therese M.] Univ Vermont, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Aiken Ctr, US Geol Survey, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Capen, David E.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Aiken Ctr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
RP Duerr, AE (reprint author), 236 Beechwood Rd, New Wilmington, PA 16142 USA.
EM aduerr@wm.edu; david.capen@uvm.edu; tdonovan@uvm.edu
FU National Sea Grant College Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, US Department of Commerce [NA16RG2206]; Vermont
Department of Fish and Wildlife; The Jack H. Berryman Institute; U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey, Vermont Department of
Fish and Wildlife, the University of Vermont; Wildlife Management
institute
FX We are grateful to C. J. Anderson, E. W. Buford, J. L. Burt, M. D.
Eisenhower, I. Gratton, M. Hey, S. W. MacFaden, S. Midway, Z. L
Richards, T. Scharf, E. R. Travis, and A. C. Weinhagen for their
assistance in the field and lab. We thank personnel from Vermont
Department of Fish and Wildlife, New York Department of Environmental
Conservation, Adirondack Chapter of The Nature Conservancy, USDA
Wildlife Services, and Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge for
cooperating in numerous ways. This work was sponsored in part by a grant
from the National Sea Grant College Program, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, US Department of Commerce, to Lake Champlain
Sea Grant under grant number NA16RG2206. Vermont Department of Fish and
Wildlife, The Jack H. Berryman Institute, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service also provided funding. Use of trade-names in this article does
not imply endorsement by the federal government. The Vermont Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by the U.S.
Geological Survey, Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife, the
University of Vermont, and the Wildlife Management institute. We thank
the editors of this special edition and two anonymous reviewers for
comments that greatly improved this manuscript.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PY 2012
VL 38
SU 1
SI SI
BP 131
EP 140
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2011.12.013
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 908TF
UT WOS:000301514000013
ER
PT J
AU Balch, WM
Drapeau, DT
Bowler, BC
Huntington, TG
AF Balch, W. M.
Drapeau, D. T.
Bowler, B. C.
Huntington, T. G.
TI Step-changes in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of
the Gulf of Maine, as documented by the GNATS time series
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Gulf of Maine; Climate change; Phytoplankton primary production
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE DIVISION DATABASE; OCEAN OBSERVING
SYSTEM; COASTAL CURRENT; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; NEW-ENGLAND; WATER; TEMPERATURE
AB We identify step-changes in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the Gulf of Maine (GoM) using the Gulf of Maine North Atlantic Time Series (GNATS), a series of oceanographic measurements obtained between September 1998 and December 2010 along a transect in the GoM running from Portland, ME, to Yarmouth, NS. GNATS sampled a period of extremes in precipitation and river discharge (4 of the 8 wettest years of the last century occurred between 2005 and 2010). Coincident with increased precipitation, we observed the following shifts: (1) decreased salinity and density within the surface waters of the western GoM; (2) both reduced temperature and vertical temperature gradients in the upper 50 m; (3) increased colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) concentrations and particle scattering in the western GoM; (4) increased concentrations of nitrate and phosphate across all but the eastern GoM; (5) increased silicate, particularly in the western GoM, with a sharp increase in the ratio of silicate to dissolved inorganic nitrogen; (6) sharply decreased carbon fixation by phytoplankton; (7) moderately decreased chlorophyll, particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) in the central GoM and (8) decreased POC-and PIC-specific growth rates. Gulf-wide anomaly analyses suggest that (1) the surface density changes were predominantly driven by temperature, (2) dissolved nutrients, as well as POC/PON, varied in Redfield ratios and (3) anomalies for salinity, density, CDOM, particle backscattering and silicate were significantly correlated with river discharge. Precipitation and river discharge appear to be playing a critical role in controlling the long-term productivity of the Gulf of Maine by supplying CDOM and detrital material, which ultimately competes with phytoplankton for light absorption.
C1 [Balch, W. M.; Drapeau, D. T.; Bowler, B. C.] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, E Boothbay, ME 04544 USA.
[Huntington, T. G.] US Geol Survey, USGS Augusta, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
RP Balch, WM (reprint author), Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, 60 Bigelow Dr,POB 380, E Boothbay, ME 04544 USA.
EM bbalch@bigelow.org
OI Huntington, Thomas/0000-0002-9427-3530
FU NASA [NAS5-97268, NAS5-31363, NAG5-10622, NNG04-Gl11G, NNG04HZ25C,
NNX07AD01G, NASA EPSCOR EP-02-14, NNX08AB10G, NNX08AJ88A, NNX10AT67G];
NOAA [40-AA-NE-005996]; NSF [OCE-0136541, OCE-0325937, OCE-0322074,
S0793A-D, OCE-0728582, OCE-0961660]; ONR [N00014-98-1-0882,
N00014-01-1-0042, N00014-05-1-0111]
FX Assistance in the collection of these data was provided over the years
by D. Alley, E. Booth, S. Komoroski, L. Lubelczyk, C. Rauschenburg
(Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences), E. Lyczskowski and A. Ashe
(University of Maine Orono), E. Olson (MIT/WHOI Joint Program), L.
Windecker (University of California Santa Barbara) and J. Goes
(Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory). We gratefully acknowledge the
owners, captains, crews and staff of the MS 'Scotia Prince' (Scotia
Prince Cruises), FV 'Ella & Sadie' (Samoset Seafood), RV 'Argo Maine'
(Down-east Marine Resources), RV 'Connecticut' (Univ. Connecticut) and
MV 'The CAT' (Bay Ferries) for accommodating the GNATS program for 12
yr. The climatological data were amassed and made available by M. J.
Menne, C. N. Williams, Jr., and R. S. Vose (National Climatic Data
Center, NOAA, Asheville, NC). The map in Fig. 1 was based on an earlier
version by Richard D. Kelly, Jr., Main State Planning Office, created
for the Gulf of Maine Council on the Marine Environment. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government. Primary funding for GNATS
since the beginning has been generously provided to W. M. B. by NASA
(grants NAS5-97268; NAS5-31363; NAG5-10622; NNG04-Gl11G; NNG04HZ25C;
NNX07AD01G; NASA EPSCOR EP-02-14; NNX08AB10G; NNX08AJ88A; NNX10AT67G).
Additional support was generously provided by NOAA (40-AA-NE-005996),
NSF (OCE-0136541; OCE-0325937; OCE-0322074 subgrant S0793A-D;
OCE-0728582; OCE-0961660) and ONR (N00014-98-1-0882; N00014-01-1-0042;
N00014-05-1-0111) to W. M. B. The comments of 4 anonymous reviewers and
B. Butman (US Geological Survey, Woods Hole, MA) on an earlier version
of the manuscript are much appreciated and greatly improved it.
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PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 450
BP 11
EP 35
DI 10.3354/meps09555
PG 25
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 915ZK
UT WOS:000302066000002
ER
PT J
AU Andrews, JT
Eberl, DD
AF Andrews, J. T.
Eberl, D. D.
TI Determination of sediment provenance by unmixing the mineralogy of
source-area sediments: The "SedUnMix" program
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment provenance; sediment mixing; X-ray diffraction
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC; ICE-SHEET; HEINRICH EVENTS; QUANTITATIVE MINERALOGY;
LATE QUATERNARY; SEA; STRAIT; MARGIN; LAYERS; OCEAN
AB Along the margins of areas such as Greenland and Baffin Bay, sediment composition reflects a complex mixture of sources associated with the transport of sediment in sea ice, icebergs, melt-water and turbidite plumes. Similar situations arise in many contexts associated with sediment transport and with the mixing of sediments from different source areas. The question is: can contributions from discrete sediment (bedrock) sources be distinguished in a mixed sediment by using mineralogy, and, if so, how accurately? To solve this problem, four end-member source sediments were mixed in various proportions to form eleven artificial mixtures. Two of the end-member sediments are felsic, and the other two have more mafic compositions. End member and mixed sediment mineralogies were measured for the <2 mm sediment fractions by quantitative X-ray diffraction (qXRD). The proportions of source sediments in the mixtures then were calculated using an Excel macro program named SedUnMix, and the results were evaluated to determine the robustness of the algorithm. The program permits the unmixing of up to six end members, each of which can be represented by up to 5 altemative compositions, so as to better simulate variability within each source region. The results indicate that we can track the relative percentages of the four end members in the mixtures. We recommend, prior to applying the technique to down-core or to other provenance problems, that a suite of known, artificial mixtures of sediments from probable source areas be prepared, scanned, analyzed for quantitative mineralogy, and then analyzed by SedUnMix to check the sensitivity of the method for each specific unmixing problem. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Andrews, J. T.] Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Andrews, J. T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Eberl, D. D.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Andrews, JT (reprint author), Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, POB 450, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM andrewsj@colorado.edu
FU NSF [ATM-0502515, OPP-070713755, OCE-0823535, OPP-1107761]
FX The development of Rock Jock and SedUnMix was undertaken in the Boulder
Lab of the USGS; Dr. Alex Blum and Mr. Mario Guzman are acknowledged for
their contributions. Work on the application of these methods to
Quaternary glacial and paleoclimate problems has been supported at
INSTAAR through NSF grants ATM-0502515, OPP-070713755, OCE-0823535, and
OPP-1107761. Samples from CSS Hudson cruises in 1979 and 1980 were
obtained from the BIO Core Repository. Drafts of the paper were read by
Drs. Nel Caine, and Jon Landvik and we thank them for their assistance
in the preparation of this final version. We appreciate the comments and
suggestions of two reviewers and the Editor, which led to modification
and improvement in the manuscript.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD JAN 1
PY 2012
VL 291
BP 24
EP 33
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2011.10.007
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 910GQ
UT WOS:000301625600003
ER
PT J
AU Hart, KM
Lamont, MM
Fujisaki, I
Tucker, AD
Carthy, RR
AF Hart, Kristen M.
Lamont, Margaret M.
Fujisaki, Ikuko
Tucker, Anton D.
Carthy, Raymond R.
TI Common coastal foraging areas for loggerheads in the Gulf of Mexico:
Opportunities for marine conservation
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Loggerhead; Satellite-tracking; Switching state-space modeling; Gulf of
Mexico; Kernel density estimation; Foraging
ID STATE-SPACE MODELS; TURTLE CARETTA-CARETTA; NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN;
SEA-TURTLES; SATELLITE-TRACKING; HOME-RANGE; ANIMAL MOVEMENT;
LIFE-HISTORY; LEATHERBACK TURTLES; HABITAT-USE
AB Designing conservation strategies that protect wide-ranging marine species is a significant challenge, but integrating regional telemetry datasets and synthesizing modeled movements and behavior offer promise for uncovering distinct at-sea areas that are important habitats for imperiled marine species. Movement paths of 10 satellite-tracked female loggerheads (Caretta caretta) from three separate subpopulations in the Gulf of Mexico. USA, revealed migration to discrete foraging sites in two common areas at-sea in 2008, 2009, and 2010. Foraging sites were 102-904 km away from nesting and tagging sites, and located off southwest Florida and the northern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Within 3-35 days, turtles migrated to foraging sites where they all displayed high site fidelity over time. Core-use foraging areas were 13.0-335.2 km(2) in size, in water <50 m deep, within a mean distance to nearest coastline of 58.5 km, and in areas of relatively high net primary productivity. The existence of shared regional foraging sites highlights an opportunity for marine conservation strategies to protect important at-sea habitats for these imperiled marine turtles, in both USA and international waters. Until now, knowledge of important at-sea foraging areas for adult loggerheads in the Gulf of Mexico has been limited. To better understand the spatial distribution of marine turtles that have complex life-histories, we propose further integration of disparate tracking data-sets at the oceanic scale along with modeling of movements to identify critical at-sea foraging habitats where individuals may be resident during non-nesting periods. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Hart, Kristen M.] US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Fujisaki, Ikuko] Univ Florida, Res & Educ Ctr, Davie, FL USA.
[Tucker, Anton D.] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
[Carthy, Raymond R.] Univ Florida, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Hart, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
EM kristen_hart@usgs.gov; mmlamont@mindspring.com; ikuko@ufl.edu;
tucker@mote.org; ngosi@ufl.edu
OI Tucker, Anton/0000-0003-2318-7819
FU National Park Service; USGS Priority Ecosystem Science Program; USGS
Coastal and Marine Geology Program
FX All work was permitted by Florida Marine Turtle Permits 176 (K.H.), 094
(R.C., M.L.), and 155 (A.T.), as well as Dry Tortugas National Park
permits DRTO-2008-SCI-0008 and DRTO-2010-SCI-0009 (K.H.). All turtle
handling and sampling was performed according to Institutional Animal
Care Protocols USGS-SESC-IACUC 2011-05, University of Florida
IACUC-A621, and Mote IACUC 10-03-AT1. Funding for this work was provided
by the National Park Service, USGS Priority Ecosystem Science Program,
and USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program. We acknowledge the use of
www.seaturtle.org and the satellite-tracking and analysis tool (STAT),
and the use of telemetry data generated as part of the ongoing Deepwater
Horizon Natural Resource Damage Assessment which is publicly available
on www.seaturtle.org. References to non-USGS products and services are
provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or
warranty, expressed or implied, by the US Government, as to their
suitability, content, usefulness, functioning, completeness, or
accuracy.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 145
IS 1
BP 185
EP 194
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2011.10.030
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 903CB
UT WOS:000301092400025
ER
PT J
AU Rasmussen, JE
Belk, MC
AF Rasmussen, Josh E.
Belk, Mark C.
TI Dispersal behavior correlates with personality of a North American fish
SO CURRENT ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Temperament; Behavioral phenotype; Exploration; Lepidomeda;
Personality-dependent
ID CHUB GILA-COPEI; SPATIALLY STRUCTURED POPULATIONS; GUPPY
POECILIA-RETICULATA; DEPENDENT DISPERSAL; LEPOMIS-MACROCHIRUS; PUBLIC
INFORMATION; NATURAL-SELECTION; TROUT POPULATION; STREAM SALMONIDS;
BLUEGILL SUNFISH
AB The process of dispersal is determined by the interaction of individual (intrinsic) traits and environmental (extrinsic) factors. Although many studies address and quantify dispersal, few evaluate both intrinsic and extrinsic factors jointly. We test the relative importance of intrinsic traits (exploration tendency and size) and extrinsic factors (population density and habitat quality) on dispersal of a medium-sized western United States minnow, southern leatherside chub Lepidomeda aliciae. A generalized linear model with a binomial response was used to determine the probability of individuals dispersing one year after tagging. Medium-sized individuals that were more prone to explore novel environments were 10.7 times more likely to be recaptured outside of their original capture area after a year (dispersal) compared to non-explorer individuals of the same size class. Differences between explorer classifications within the small and large size classes were negligible. Open habitat within 50 m upstream also increased the probability of dispersal relative to controls. Relative location within the study reach, and population density were not significantly related to dispersal probabilities of individuals. Our results indicate that understanding of personality may illuminate patterns of dispersal within and among populations [Current Zoology 58 (2): 260-270, 2012].
C1 [Rasmussen, Josh E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Klamath Falls, OR 97603 USA.
[Belk, Mark C.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
RP Rasmussen, JE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Klamath Falls, OR 97603 USA.
EM josh_rasmussen@fws.gov
RI Wei, Qiwei/B-6928-2014
OI Wei, Qiwei/0000-0002-6366-1020
FU Brigham Young University; Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; The
Charles Redd Center for Western Studies
FX We are happy to acknowledge contributions to and support of this
research from Brigham Young University, Utah Division of Wildlife
Resources, and The Charles Redd Center for Western Studies, as well as
the efforts of many undergraduate assistants and reviewers. Thanks also
to J. Johnson, B. Schaalje, L. Allphin, and S. Peck for direction and
valuable advice throughout the process.
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PI BEIJING
PA CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES, INST ZOOLOGY, BEICHEN XILU, CHAOYANG DISTRICT,
BEIJING, 100101, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1674-5507
J9 CURR ZOOL
JI Curr. Zool.
PY 2012
VL 58
IS 2
BP 260
EP 270
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 912HB
UT WOS:000301785500007
ER
PT J
AU Lapointe, NWR
Pendleton, RM
Angermeier, PL
AF Lapointe, N. W. R.
Pendleton, R. M.
Angermeier, P. L.
TI A Comparison of Approaches for Estimating Relative Impacts of Nonnative
Fishes
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Invasion; Freshwater; Survey; Introduced; Impact assessment; Game;
Nongame
ID FRESH-WATER FISH; INVASION BIOLOGY; ALIEN FISHES; INTRODUCTIONS;
INVADERS; INVASIVENESS; CALIFORNIA; FRAMEWORK; PATHWAYS; PATTERNS
AB Lack of standard methods for quantifying impact has hindered risk assessments of high-impact invaders. To understand methodological strengths and weaknesses, we compared five approaches (in parentheses) for quantifying impact of nonnative fishes: reviewing documented impacts in a large-scale database (review); surveying fish biologists regarding three categories of impact (socioeconomic, ecological, abundance); and estimating frequency of occurrence from existing collection records (collection). In addition, we compared game and nongame biologists' ratings of game and nongame species. Although mean species ratings were generally correlated among approaches, we documented important discrepancies. The review approach required little effort but often inaccurately estimated impact in our study region (Mid-Atlantic United States). Game fishes received lower ratings from the socioeconomic approach, which yielded the greatest consistency among respondents. The ecological approach exhibited lower respondent bias but was sensitive to preexisting perceptions of high-impact invaders. The abundance approach provided the least-biased assessment of region-specific impact but did not account for differences in per-capita effects among species. The collection approach required the most effort and did not provide reliable estimates of impact. Multiple approaches to assessing a species' impact are instructive, but impact ratings must be interpreted in the context of methodological strengths and weaknesses and key management issues. A combination of our ecological and abundance approaches may be most appropriate for assessing ecological impact, whereas our socioeconomic approach is more useful for understanding social dimensions. These approaches are readily transferrable to other regions and taxa; if refined, they can help standardize the assessment of impacts of nonnative species.
C1 [Lapointe, N. W. R.; Angermeier, P. L.] US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA USA.
[Pendleton, R. M.; Angermeier, P. L.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Lapointe, NWR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA USA.
EM nlapointe@gmail.com
FU USGS Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit at Virginia Tech;
United States Fish and Wildlife Service Mid-Atlantic Panel on Aquatic
Invasive Species; Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of
Canada; USGS; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University;
Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, and Wildlife
Management Institute
FX We thank Steve McMullin for help and advice with survey design and
implementation. We thank Amy Benson (USGS) for providing NASD data. We
particularly thank all survey respondents for their time and effort.
This research was supported by the USGS Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit at Virginia Tech, a grant from the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service Mid-Atlantic Panel on Aquatic Invasive Species, and a
Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada postgraduate
fellowship. The Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
jointly sponsored by USGS, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State
University, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, and
Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, product or firm names
does not imply endorsement by the United States government.
NR 62
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 49
IS 1
BP 82
EP 95
DI 10.1007/s00267-011-9767-4
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 905UD
UT WOS:000301299800007
PM 22037614
ER
PT B
AU Gadd, ME
AF Gadd, Michelle E.
BE Somers, MJ
Hayward, MW
TI Barriers, the Beef Industry and Unnatural Selection: A Review of the
Impact of Veterinary Fencing on Mammals in Southern Africa
SO FENCING FOR CONSERVATION: RESTRICTION OF EVOLUTIONARY POTENTIAL OR A
RIPOSTE TO THREATENING PROCESSES?
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID MOUTH-DISEASE; NATIONAL-PARK; WILDLIFE; KALAHARI; FENCES; CONSERVATION;
EXTINCTION; ELEPHANTS; MORTALITY; ZIMBABWE
C1 US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Int Conservat, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Gadd, ME (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Int Conservat, 4401 N Fairfax Dr, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
EM megadd@alumni.rice.edu
NR 68
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-1-4614-0901-4
PY 2012
BP 153
EP 186
DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-0902-1_9
D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-0902-1
PG 34
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BZH38
UT WOS:000301638100010
ER
PT J
AU De Angelis, P
AF De Angelis, Patricia
TI Assessing the impact of international trade on chambered nautilus
SO GEOBIOS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nautilus; Shells; International trade; CITES; Harvest; Status
ID PALAU; BELAUENSIS; POMPILIUS; FIJI
AB Shells of chambered nautilus (Nautilus spp. Linnaeus and Allonautilus spp. Ward and Saunders) are well-known collectibles, traded across the globe from their Indo-Pacific origins. Live animals and a variety of products made from shells are also traded internationally. In preparation for the 15th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Marine Fisheries' Service (NMFS) were asked to propose listing the chambered nautilus in CITES Appendix-II. To evaluate such a listing, nautilus life history traits, conservation status, primary threats, and legal protections were examined in conjunction with known legal and illegal international trade in these taxa. Indications are that certain intrinsic life history traits (such as slow growth and delayed maturation) in combination with extrinsic pressures (such as habitat destruction and unregulated wild harvest) render chambered nautiluses vulnerable, at least locally, to overharvest and may increase their risk of extinction. However, biological and status information as well as trade, fishery, and industry data are insufficient to fully assess the impact of trade on these taxa. The special session on extant nautilus conservation, convened during the 8th International Symposium: Cephalopods - Present and Past (8ISCPP), provided an opportunity to work directly with many of the peer-acknowledged world nautilid experts to address existing knowledge gaps. Activities are underway to continue the assessment of this living fossil. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
C1 US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Sci Author, Arlington, VA 22003 USA.
RP De Angelis, P (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Sci Author, 4401 N Fairfax Dr, Arlington, VA 22003 USA.
EM Patricia_DeAngelis@fws.gov
NR 51
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
PI PARIS
PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 0016-6995
EI 1777-5728
J9 GEOBIOS-LYON
JI Geobios
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 45
IS 1
BP 5
EP 11
DI 10.1016/j.geobios.2011.11.005
PG 7
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 911AT
UT WOS:000301690400002
ER
PT J
AU Hirsch, RM
Ryberg, KR
AF Hirsch, R. M.
Ryberg, K. R.
TI Has the magnitude of floods across the USA changed with global CO2
levels?
SO HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE floods; trends; climate change; statistics; carbon dioxide
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; RECENT TRENDS; STREAMFLOW; CALIFORNIA;
RUNOFF; FLOW
AB Statistical relationships between annual floods at 200 long-term (85-127 years of record) streamgauges in the coterminous United States and the global mean carbon dioxide concentration ( GMCO2) record are explored. The streamgauge locations are limited to those with little or no regulation or urban development. The coterminous US is divided into four large regions and stationary bootstrapping is used to evaluate if the patterns of these statistical associations are significantly different from what would be expected under the null hypothesis that flood magnitudes are independent of GMCO2. In none of the four regions defined in this study is there strong statistical evidence for flood magnitudes increasing with increasing GMCO2. One region, the southwest, showed a statistically significant negative relationship between GMCO2 and flood magnitudes. The statistical methods applied compensate both for the inter-site correlation of flood magnitudes and the shorter-term ( up to a few decades) serial correlation of floods.
C1 [Hirsch, R. M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 432, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Ryberg, K. R.] US Geol Survey, Bismarck, ND 58503 USA.
RP Hirsch, RM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 432, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM rhirsch@usgs.gov
RI Ryberg, Karen/E-1871-2016;
OI Ryberg, Karen/0000-0002-9834-2046; Hirsch, Robert/0000-0002-4534-075X
FU US Geological Survey; National Streamflow Information Program;
Hydrologic Research and Development Program
FX This work was supported by the US Geological Survey, National Streamflow
Information Program and Hydrologic Research and Development Program. We
are particularly grateful to the USGS Hydrologists and Hydrologic
Technicians who worked tirelessly to collect, quality assure, and store
these flood data. We also thank Jery Stedinger and Chris Milly for their
very helpful review comments.
NR 34
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 2
U2 21
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0262-6667
EI 2150-3435
J9 HYDROLOG SCI J
JI Hydrol. Sci. J.-J. Sci. Hydrol.
PY 2012
VL 57
IS 1
BP 1
EP 9
DI 10.1080/02626667.2011.621895
PG 9
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 914JL
UT WOS:000301945800001
ER
PT J
AU Katzner, T
Smith, BW
Miller, TA
Brandes, D
Cooper, J
Lanzone, M
Brauning, D
Farmer, C
Harding, S
Kramar, DE
Koppie, C
Maisonneuve, C
Martell, M
Mojica, EK
Todd, C
Tremblay, JA
Wheeler, M
Brinker, DF
Chubbs, TE
Gubler, R
O'Malley, K
Mehus, S
Porter, B
Brooks, RP
Watts, BD
Bildstein, KL
AF Katzner, Todd
Smith, Brian W.
Miller, Tricia A.
Brandes, David
Cooper, Jeff
Lanzone, Michael
Brauning, Daniel
Farmer, Christopher
Harding, Sergio
Kramar, David E.
Koppie, Craig
Maisonneuve, Charles
Martell, Mark
Mojica, Elizabeth K.
Todd, Charlie
Tremblay, Junior A.
Wheeler, Maria
Brinker, David F.
Chubbs, Tony E.
Gubler, Rolf
O'Malley, Kieran
Mehus, Scott
Porter, Brady
Brooks, Robert P.
Watts, Bryan D.
Bildstein, Keith L.
TI STATUS, BIOLOGY, AND CONSERVATION PRIORITIES FOR NORTH AMERICA'S EASTERN
GOLDEN EAGLE (AQUILA CHRYSAETOS) POPULATION
SO AUK
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MIGRATION; TRENDS; RAPTORS; COUNTS; QUEBEC; US
C1 [Katzner, Todd] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Katzner, Todd] US Forest Serv, USDA, Timber & Watershed Lab, Parsons, WV 26287 USA.
[Smith, Brian W.] Appalachian Mt Joint Venture, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Miller, Tricia A.; Brooks, Robert P.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Miller, Tricia A.; Lanzone, Michael] Carnegie Museum Nat Hist, Rector, PA 15677 USA.
[Brandes, David] Lafayette Coll, Acopian Engn Ctr, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Easton, PA 18042 USA.
[Cooper, Jeff] Virginia Dept Game & Inland Fisheries, Fredericksburg, VA 22401 USA.
[Lanzone, Michael] Cellular Tracking Technol, Somerset, PA 15501 USA.
[Brauning, Daniel] Penn Game Commiss, Wildlife Divers Program, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA.
[Farmer, Christopher] Tetra Tech EC Inc, Langhorne, PA 19047 USA.
[Harding, Sergio] Virginia Dept Game & Inland Fisheries, Richmond, VA 23230 USA.
[Kramar, David E.] Virginia Tech, Conservat Management Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Koppie, Craig] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Maisonneuve, Charles] Minist Ressources Nat & Faune, Rimouski, PQ G5L 8B3, Canada.
[Martell, Mark] Audubon Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55125 USA.
[Mojica, Elizabeth K.; Watts, Bryan D.] Coll William & Mary, Ctr Conservat Biol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
[Todd, Charlie] Maine Dept Inland Fisheries & Widlife, Bangor, ME 04401 USA.
[Tremblay, Junior A.] Minist Ressources Nat & Faune, Quebec City, PQ G1S 4X4, Canada.
[Wheeler, Maria; Porter, Brady] Duquesne Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA.
[Brinker, David F.] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Nat Heritage Program, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Gubler, Rolf] Shenandoah Natl Pk, Luray, VA 22835 USA.
[O'Malley, Kieran] W Virginia Div Nat Resources, Romney, WV 26757 USA.
[Mehus, Scott] Natl Eagle Ctr, Wabasha, MN 55981 USA.
[Bildstein, Keith L.] Hawk Mt Sanctuary, Acopian Ctr Conservat Learning, Orwigsburg, PA 17961 USA.
RP Katzner, T (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Percival Hall,Room 307D,POB 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM todd.katzner@mail.wvu.edu
RI Mojica, Elizabeth/G-1504-2012;
OI Mojica, Elizabeth/0000-0001-6941-4840; Katzner, Todd/0000-0003-4503-8435
NR 62
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 29
PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 129
IS 1
BP 168
EP 176
DI 10.1525/auk.2011.11078
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 908DO
UT WOS:000301470800019
ER
PT J
AU Scott, CA
Megdal, S
Oroz, LA
Callegary, J
Vandervoet, P
AF Scott, Christopher A.
Megdal, Sharon
Antonio Oroz, Lucas
Callegary, James
Vandervoet, Prescott
TI Effects of climate change and population growth on the transboundary
Santa Cruz aquifer
SO CLIMATE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Groundwater; Transboundary aquifers; Population growth
ID POTENTIAL IMPACTS; UNITED-STATES; MEXICO; WATER; GROUNDWATER; RESOURCES;
ARIZONA; BORDER
AB The USA and Mexico have initiated comprehensive assessment of 4 of the 18 aquifers underlying their 3000 km border. Binational management of groundwater is not currently proposed. University and agency researchers plus USA and Mexican federal, state, and local agency staff have collaboratively identified key challenges facing the Santa Cruz River Valley Aquifer located between the states of Arizona and Sonora. The aquifer is subject to recharge variability, which is compounded by climate change, and is experiencing growing urban demand for groundwater. In this paper, we briefly review past, current, and projected pressures on Santa Cruz groundwater. We undertake first-order approximation of the relative magnitude of climate change and human demand drivers on the Santa Cruz water balance. Global circulation model output for emissions scenarios A1B, B1, and A2 present mixed trends, with annual precipitation projected to vary by +/- 20% over the 21st century. Results of our analysis indicate that urban water use will experience greater percentage change than climate-induced recharge (which remains the largest single component of the water balance). In the Mexican portion of the Santa Cruz, up to half of future total water demand will need to be met from non-aquifer sources. In the absence of water importation and with agricultural water use and rights increasingly appropriated for urban demand, wastewater is increasingly seen as a resource to meet urban demand. We consider decision making on both sides of the border and conclude by identifying short-and longer-term opportunities for further binational collaboration on transboundary aquifer assessment.
C1 [Scott, Christopher A.; Vandervoet, Prescott] Univ Arizona, Udall Ctr Studies Publ Policy, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Scott, Christopher A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Megdal, Sharon] Univ Arizona, Water Resources Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Antonio Oroz, Lucas] Comis Nacl Agua, Hermosillo 83280, Sonora, Mexico.
[Callegary, James] US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Scott, CA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Udall Ctr Studies Publ Policy, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM cascott@email.arizona.edu
RI Scott, Christopher/D-1262-2013
OI Scott, Christopher/0000-0002-6767-0450
FU University of Arizona; National Science Foundation [DEB-1010495, 005,
GEO-0642841]
FX The binational aquifer priority-setting process analyzed in this paper
was supported by the USA-Mexico TAAP. The authors would like to
acknowledge the active participation of the following agencies: ADWR,
OOMA-PAS (Nogales Sonora), Friends of the Santa Cruz River, CILA, IBWC,
US Bureau of Reclamation, and City of Nogales, Arizona. Additional
support for coordination was provided by the University of Arizona's
Water Sustainability Program. Groundwater and population scenario
analysis was supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant
DEB-1010495) and by the Inter-American Institute for Global Change
Research (Project SGP-HD #005, which is supported by National Science
Foundation Grant GEO-0642841). Finally, the IPCC AR4 data were provided
by SAHRA (Sustainability of semi-arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas) at
the University of Arizona (F. Dominguez, J. Canon and J. Valdes). The
original dataset comes from the World Climate Research Programme's
(WCRP's) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3)
multi-model dataset.
NR 35
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 21
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0936-577X
J9 CLIM RES
JI Clim. Res.
PY 2012
VL 51
IS 2
BP 159
EP 170
DI 10.3354/cr01061
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 904JK
UT WOS:000301190900005
ER
PT J
AU Olabarrieta, M
Warner, JC
Armstrong, B
Zambon, JB
He, RY
AF Olabarrieta, Maitane
Warner, John C.
Armstrong, Brandy
Zambon, Joseph B.
He, Ruoying
TI Ocean-atmosphere dynamics during Hurricane Ida and Nor'Ida: An
application of the coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport
(COAWST) modeling system
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE COAWST model; Hurricane; Tropical storm; Extra tropical storm; Runup;
Storm surge; Nor'Ida; Coupled model; Air-sea interaction; Wave age; Wave
steepness; Ocean wave roughness; SWAN; ROMS; WRF
ID SEA-SURFACE ROUGHNESS; TURBULENCE CLOSURE-MODEL; YAMADA LEVEL-3 MODEL;
WIND-STRESS; STORM-SURGE; BULK PARAMETERIZATION; ANDREW LANDFALL;
MESOSCALE MODEL; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SOUTH FLORIDA
AB The coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system was used to investigate atmosphere-ocean-wave interactions in November 2009 during Hurricane Ida and its subsequent evolution to Nor'Ida, which was one of the most costly storm systems of the past two decades. One interesting aspect of this event is that it included two unique atmospheric extreme conditions, a hurricane and a nor'easter storm, which developed in regions with different oceanographic characteristics. Our modeled results were compared with several data sources, including GOES satellite infrared data, JASON-1 and JASON-2 altimeter data, CODAR measurements, and wave and tidal information from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) and the National Tidal Database. By performing a series of numerical runs, we were able to isolate the effect of the interaction terms between the atmosphere (modeled with Weather Research and Forecasting, the WRF model), the ocean (modeled with Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS)), and the wave propagation and generation model (modeled with Simulating Waves Nearshore (SWAN)). Special attention was given to the role of the ocean surface roughness. Three different ocean roughness closure models were analyzed: DGHQ (which is based on wave age), TY2001 (which is based on wave steepness), and OOST (which considers both the effects of wave age and steepness). Including the ocean roughness in the atmospheric module improved the wind intensity estimation and therefore also the wind waves, surface currents, and storm surge amplitude. For example, during the passage of Hurricane Ida through the Gulf of Mexico, the wind speeds were reduced due to wave-induced ocean roughness, resulting in better agreement with the measured winds. During Nor'Ida, including the wave-induced surface roughness changed the form and dimension of the main low pressure cell, affecting the intensity and direction of the winds. The combined wave age- and wave steepness-based parameterization (OOST) provided the best results for wind and wave growth prediction. However, the best agreement between the measured (CODAR) and computed surface currents and storm surge values was obtained with the wave steepness-based roughness parameterization (TY2001), although the differences obtained with respect to DGHQ were not significant. The influence of sea surface temperature (SST) fields on the atmospheric boundary layer dynamics was examined; in particular, we evaluated how the SST affects wind wave generation, surface currents and storm surges. The integrated hydrograph and integrated wave height, parameters that are highly correlated with the storm damage potential, were found to be highly sensitive to the ocean surface roughness parameterization. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Olabarrieta, Maitane; Warner, John C.; Armstrong, Brandy] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Zambon, Joseph B.; He, Ruoying] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Olabarrieta, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM molabarrieta@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey; Cnes
FX Primary funding for this study was furnished by the US Geological
Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, under the Carolinas Coastal
Processes Project. We are also grateful to the Career Training
Interexchange program that facilitated the training period of Maitane
Olabarrieta within the USGS. The tidal gauge data used were derived from
the National Tidal Gauge database and the wave and wind information were
obtained from the National Buoy Database. Both databases are operated by
the NOAA. Surface wind analysis data were obtained from the Hurricane
Research Division of NOAA. Altimeter products were produced by
Ssalto/Duacs and distributed by Aviso, with support from Cnes. CODAR
products were produced and distributed within the MARCOOS project. The
SST data used in the present analysis were distributed by the NOAA Coast
Watch project. We would also like to thank the developers of T_Tide,
WAFO toolbox and of the SWAN, WRF, and ROMS models. We are grateful to
the three anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions.
NR 90
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 4
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PY 2012
VL 43-44
BP 112
EP 137
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.12.008
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 908SX
UT WOS:000301513000009
ER
PT J
AU Bruskotter, JT
Fulton, DC
AF Bruskotter, Jeremy T.
Fulton, David C.
TI Will Hunters Steward Wolves? A Comment on Treves and Martin
SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE acceptance; carnivores; conservation; hunters; intolerance; stewardship;
tolerance
ID NORTHERN ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; ACCEPTANCE CAPACITY; WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT;
PUBLIC-ATTITUDES; BEHAVIOR; SCIENCE; WOLF
AB As wolf conservation transitions away from federally sponsored protection and recovery toward sustainable management under state fish and game agencies, researchers and policymakers are interested to know what role hunters will play. Based upon hunters' responses to three recent surveys in Wisconsin and the northern Rockies, Treves and Martin question the assumption that hunters will steward wolves, noting that the majority of hunters that responded were unsupportive of wolf conservation. However, this conclusion largely depends upon what is meant by stewardship and what actions are required for wolves to be conserved. This article discusses the meaning of three concepts either explicitly or implicitly discussed by Treves and Martin tolerance, acceptance, and stewardship and offers a conceptual model of wildlife conservation behavior that clarifies the relationship among these concepts.
C1 [Bruskotter, Jeremy T.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Fulton, David C.] Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Bruskotter, JT (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM bruskotter.9@osu.edu
RI Bruskotter, Jeremy/B-3240-2012;
OI Bruskotter, Jeremy/0000-0002-1782-7835
NR 26
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 36
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0894-1920
EI 1521-0723
J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR
JI Soc. Nat. Resour.
PY 2012
VL 25
IS 1-3
BP 97
EP 102
DI 10.1080/08941920.2011.622735
PG 6
WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology
GA 908TN
UT WOS:000301515500008
ER
PT J
AU Neckles, HA
Kopp, BS
Peterson, BJ
Pooler, PS
AF Neckles, Hilary A.
Kopp, Blaine S.
Peterson, Bradley J.
Pooler, Penelope S.
TI Integrating Scales of Seagrass Monitoring to Meet Conservation Needs
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Seagrass; Monitoring; Multi-scale; Eelgrass; Measurable attributes;
Sampling design
ID SUBMERSED AQUATIC VEGETATION; ZOSTERA-MARINA L; INDIAN RIVER LAGOON;
WATER-QUALITY; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; CHESAPEAKE BAY; MID-ATLANTIC;
ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; WETLAND CONDITION; SALT-MARSH
AB We evaluated a hierarchical framework for seagrass monitoring in two estuaries in the northeastern USA: Little Pleasant Bay, Massachusetts, and Great South Bay/Moriches Bay, New York. This approach includes three tiers of monitoring that are integrated across spatial scales and sampling intensities. We identified monitoring attributes for determining attainment of conservation objectives to protect seagrass ecosystems from estuarine nutrient enrichment. Existing mapping programs provided large-scale information on seagrass distribution and bed sizes (tier 1 monitoring). We supplemented this with bay-wide, quadrat-based assessments of seagrass percent cover and canopy height at permanent sampling stations following a spatially distributed random design (tier 2 monitoring). Resampling simulations showed that four observations per station were sufficient to minimize bias in estimating mean percent cover on a bay-wide scale, and sample sizes of 55 stations in a 624-ha system and 198 stations in a 9,220-ha system were sufficient to detect absolute temporal increases in seagrass abundance from 25% to 49% cover and from 4% to 12% cover, respectively. We made high-resolution measurements of seagrass condition (percent cover, canopy height, total and reproductive shoot density, biomass, and seagrass depth limit) at a representative index site in each system (tier 3 monitoring). Tier 3 data helped explain system-wide changes. Our results suggest tiered monitoring as an efficient and feasible way to detect and predict changes in seagrass systems relative to multi-scale conservation objectives.
C1 [Neckles, Hilary A.; Kopp, Blaine S.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
[Peterson, Bradley J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Pooler, Penelope S.] Univ Rhode Isl, Natl Pk Serv, NE Coastal & Barrier Network, Coastal Inst Kingston, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
RP Neckles, HA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 196 Whitten Rd, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
EM hneckles@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey; National Park Service, Northeast Coastal and
Barrier Network
FX Funding for this study was provided by the US Geological Survey, Park
Oriented Biological Support Program and the National Park Service,
Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network. We thank Fred Short for
instruction in the SeagrassNet approach; Fred Short, Jeffrey Gaeckle,
and David Rivers for help in establishing our tier 3 monitoring site in
LPB according to the SeagrassNet spatial design; Holly Bayley, Lena
Curtis, Steve Dwyer, Bev Johnson, Carrie Phillips, Lotte Rivers, Steve
Smith, Adam Thime, and Jesse Wheeler for field assistance in LPB; and
Brooke Rodgers and Jamie Brisbin for field assistance in GSB/MB. We also
thank Andrew Gilbert and Dennis Skidds for expert GIS assistance and
tutelage. We are grateful to Carrie Phillips and Megan Tyrrell of Cape
Cod National Seashore and Michael Bilecki of Fire Island National
Seashore for logistical support, and we appreciate the cooperation of
Dawson Farber, Harbor-master and Shellfish Constable for the town of
Orleans, MA, in maintaining a long-term tier 3 monitoring site in LPB.
This manuscript was greatly improved by the comments of Nancy Rybicki,
Melisa Wong, and two anonymous reviewers. Use of trade, product, or firm
names does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 132
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 35
IS 1
BP 23
EP 46
DI 10.1007/s12237-011-9410-x
PG 24
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 898VW
UT WOS:000300771500002
ER
PT J
AU Stevens, AW
Lacy, JR
AF Stevens, Andrew W.
Lacy, Jessica R.
TI The Influence of Wave Energy and Sediment Transport on Seagrass
Distribution
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Aquatic vegetation; Hydrodynamics; Numerical modeling; Sea-level rise;
Puget Sound
ID SUBMERSED AQUATIC VEGETATION; POSITIVE FEEDBACKS; MODEL; PARAMETERS;
MACROPHYTES; VALIDATION; LANDSCAPES; ECOSYSTEMS; ESTUARY; LIGHT
AB A coupled hydrodynamic and sediment transport model (Delft3D) was used to simulate the water levels, waves, and currents associated with a seagrass (Zostera marina) landscape along a 4-km stretch of coast in Puget Sound, WA, USA. A hydroacoustic survey of seagrass percent cover and nearshore bathymetry was conducted, and sediment grain size was sampled at 53 locations. Wave energy is a primary factor controlling seagrass distribution at the site, accounting for 73% of the variability in seagrass minimum depth and 86% of the variability in percent cover along the shallow, sandy portions of the coast. A combination of numerical simulations and a conceptual model of the effect of sea-level rise on the cross-shore distribution of seagrass indicates that the area of seagrass habitat may initially increase and that wave dynamics are an important factor to consider in predicting the effect of sea-level rise on seagrass distributions in wave-exposed areas.
C1 [Stevens, Andrew W.; Lacy, Jessica R.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Stevens, AW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM astevens@usgs.gov
FU USGS
FX This study was a multi-disciplinary effort that involved acoustic
habitat mapping, instrumented tripod deployment and recovery, and
numerical modeling. The numerical modeling would not have been possible
without the guidance of Edwin Elias of Deltares. The computational grids
used in the hydrodynamics were modified from those created by Noud
Schoenmakers as part of his Master's Thesis at the Technical University
at Delft, The Netherlands. Fieldwork for the acoustic habitat component
was assisted by Andrew Schwartz of the Washington State Department of
Ecology, Collin Smith of the USGS Biological Resource Division, Tom
Reiss and Gerry Hatcher of the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science
Center (PCMSC), and Art Pratt at the Possession Point Waterfront Park.
The instrument deployment and recovery was aided by Joanne
Thede-Ferriera, Hal Williams, and Jamie Grover of the USGS PCMSC. Thanks
to Curt Storlazzi and Jon Warrick of the USGS PCMSC and two anonymous
reviewers for commenting on an earlier version of this manuscript and to
Guy Gelfenbaum (USGS PCMSC) who provided valuable discussions and
guidance throughout this project. Funding for this work was provided by
the USGS Coastal Habitats in Puget Sound (CHIPS) project and the USGS
Coastal and Marine Geology Program. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names in this article is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 58
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U1 0
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 35
IS 1
BP 92
EP 108
DI 10.1007/s12237-011-9435-1
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 898VW
UT WOS:000300771500006
ER
PT J
AU Allen, YC
Couvillion, BR
Barras, JA
AF Allen, Yvonne C.
Couvillion, Brady R.
Barras, John A.
TI Using Multitemporal Remote Sensing Imagery and Inundation Measures to
Improve Land Change Estimates in Coastal Wetlands
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Land change; Remote sensing; Inundation; Multitemporal; Landsat
ID RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION; ATCHAFALAYA DELTA; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; SATELLITE
IMAGES; RIVER DELTA; TM DATA; LOUISIANA; KATRINA; FLAT
AB Remote sensing imagery can be an invaluable resource to quantify land change in coastal wetlands. Obtaining an accurate measure of land change can, however, be complicated by differences in fluvial and tidal inundation experienced when the imagery is captured. This study classified Landsat imagery from two wetland areas in coastal Louisiana from 1983 to 2010 into categories of land and water. Tide height, river level, and date were used as independent variables in a multiple regression model to predict land area in the Wax Lake Delta (WLD) and compare those estimates with an adjacent marsh area lacking direct fluvial inputs. Coefficients of determination from regressions using both measures of water level along with date as predictor variables of land extent in the WLD, were higher than those obtained using the current methodology which only uses date to predict land change. Land change trend estimates were also improved when the data were divided by time period. Water level corrected land gain in the WLD from 1983 to 2010 was 1 km(2) year(1,) while rates in the adjacent marsh remained roughly constant. This approach of isolating environmental variability due to changing water levels improves estimates of actual land change in a dynamic system, so that other processes that may control delta development such as hurricanes, floods, and sediment delivery, may be further investigated.
C1 [Allen, Yvonne C.; Barras, John A.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Environm Syst Branch, Vicksburg, MS USA.
[Couvillion, Brady R.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA USA.
RP Allen, YC (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Environm Syst Branch, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS USA.
EM yvonne.c.allen@usace.army.mil
FU US Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District Office; US Army Corps
of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center
FX Continuing support during this analysis was provided by the US Army
Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District Office, and the US Army Corps
of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center. Thoughtful
reviews by Greg Steyer (US Geological Survey), Guerry Holm (Louisiana
State University), Sally Yost, and Molly Reif (both of US Army Corps of
Engineers) greatly improved an earlier version of this manuscript.
NR 38
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U1 5
U2 45
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 35
IS 1
BP 190
EP 200
DI 10.1007/s12237-011-9437-z
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 898VW
UT WOS:000300771500014
ER
PT J
AU Wingard, GL
Hudley, JW
AF Wingard, G. Lynn
Hudley, Joel W.
TI Application of a Weighted-Averaging Method for Determining
Paleosalinity: A Tool for Restoration of South Florida's Estuaries
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE South Florida restoration; Salinity reconstructions; Mollusks; Weighted
averaging; Florida Bay; Everglades National Park
ID HOLOCENE CLIMATE VARIABILITY; STABLE-ISOTOPE PROFILES;
ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; CHESAPEAKE-BAY; SALINITY; DIATOMS; RECORDS;
REGRESSION; EASTERN; PH
AB A molluscan analogue dataset is presented in conjunction with a weighted-averaging technique as a tool for estimating past salinity patterns in south Florida's estuaries and developing targets for restoration based on these reconstructions. The method, here referred to as cumulative weighted percent (CWP), was tested using modern surficial samples collected in Florida Bay from sites located near fixed water monitoring stations that record salinity. The results were calibrated using species weighting factors derived from examining species occurrence patterns. A comparison of the resulting calibrated species-weighted CWP (SW-CWP) to the observed salinity at the water monitoring stations averaged over a 3-year time period indicates, on average, the SW-CWP comes within less than two salinity units of estimating the observed salinity. The SW-CWP reconstructions were conducted on a core from near the mouth of Taylor Slough to illustrate the application of the method.
C1 [Wingard, G. Lynn] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Hudley, Joel W.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
RP Wingard, GL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM lwingard@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Geological Survey Priority Ecosystems South
Florida Study Unit
FX We would like to thank Thomas M. Cronin and Harry J. Dowsett, U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS) for their early reviews of the manuscript, and
two anonymous reviewers whose thorough comments have improved the final
version. The statistical components of this research have benefited
greatly from discussions with Frank Marshall (Cetacean Logic
Foundation), Harry Dowsett (USGS), and Lucy Edwards (USGS). Patrick
Pitts (U.S. Fish & Wildlife) has provided valuable insights and kept us
on track in our goal to develop a method applicable to restoration
issues. Emily Philips (formerly USGS) and Bethany Stackhouse (USGS)
prepared the map, and B. Stackhouse assisted in the final proofing of
the data. This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey
Priority Ecosystems South Florida Study Unit (coordinated by G. Ronnie
Best, USGS). Everglades National Park and Biscayne National Park
facilitated our field work; research was conducted under NPS study
numbers EVER-00141 and BISC-02027. Numerous people have assisted with
the field and lab work that contributed to development of the modern
analogue dataset. We would especially like to thank James Murray and Rob
Stamm (USGS); Jeffery Stone (University of Nebraska, Lincoln); Sara
Schwede-Thomas, Carleigh Trappe, Carlos Budet, and Ruth Ortiz (former
USGS contractors); and Thomas Scott (retired, Florida Geological Survey)
and G. Harley Means (Florida Geological Survey). The staff at Keys
Marine Lab, Layton, Florida provided boats and facilities over the
years.; This work was funded entirely by the U.S. Geological Survey, for
whom I work, and no conflict of interest exists because we are a science
agency and do not have a regulatory mission. As a federal government
agency, all data are part of the public domain, and can be provided in
any format necessary if requested.
NR 62
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U1 1
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 35
IS 1
BP 262
EP 280
DI 10.1007/s12237-011-9441-3
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 898VW
UT WOS:000300771500019
ER
PT J
AU Velpuri, NM
Senay, GB
Asante, KO
AF Velpuri, N. M.
Senay, G. B.
Asante, K. O.
TI A multi-source satellite data approach for modelling Lake Turkana water
level: calibration and validation using satellite altimetry data
SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID INDIAN-OCEAN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NILE BASIN; BALANCE; RAINFALL; AFRICA;
SCALE; EAST; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; TOPEX/POSEIDON
AB Lake Turkana is one of the largest desert lakes in the world and is characterized by high degrees of inter- and intra-annual fluctuations. The hydrology and water balance of this lake have not been well understood due to its remote location and unavailability of reliable ground truth datasets. Managing surface water resources is a great challenge in areas where in-situ data are either limited or unavailable. In this study, multi-source satellite-driven data such as satellite-based rainfall estimates, modelled runoff, evapotranspiration, and a digital elevation dataset were used to model Lake Turkana water levels from 1998 to 2009. Due to the unavailability of reliable lake level data, an approach is presented to calibrate and validate the water balance model of Lake Turkana using a composite lake level product of TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1, and ENVISAT satellite altimetry data. Model validation results showed that the satellite-driven water balance model can satisfactorily capture the patterns and seasonal variations of the Lake Turkana water level fluctuations with a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.90 and a Nash-Sutcliffe Coefficient of Efficiency (NSCE) of 0.80 during the validation period (2004-2009). Model error estimates were within 10% of the natural variability of the lake. Our analysis indicated that fluctuations in Lake Turkana water levels are mainly driven by lake inflows and over-the-lake evaporation. Over-the-lake rainfall contributes only up to 30% of lake evaporative demand. During the modelling time period, Lake Turkana showed seasonal variations of 1-2 m. The lake level fluctuated in the range up to 4 m between the years 1998-2009. This study demonstrated the usefulness of satellite altimetry data to calibrate and validate the satellite-driven hydrological model for Lake Turkana without using any in-situ data. Furthermore, for Lake Turkana, we identified and outlined opportunities and challenges of using a calibrated satellite-driven water balance model for (i) quantitative assessment of the impact of basin developmental activities on lake levels and for (ii) forecasting lake level changes and their impact on fisheries. From this study, we suggest that globally available satellite altimetry data provide a unique opportunity for calibration and validation of hydrologic models in ungauged basins.
C1 [Velpuri, N. M.; Senay, G. B.] S Dakota State Univ, GISc Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Senay, G. B.] USGS Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Asante, K. O.] Climatus LLC, Mountain View, CA USA.
RP Velpuri, NM (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, GISc Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM velpuri@gmail.com
RI Velpuri, Naga Manohar/A-5193-2013
OI Velpuri, Naga Manohar/0000-0002-6370-1926
FU NASA Earth-Sun System Division [NNA06CH751]
FX This work was made possible by the funding of the Applied Science
Program of NASA Earth-Sun System Division contract # NNA06CH751 in
collaboration with the USGS EROS Center. Finally, the two reviewers are
thanked for their very useful advice and the editor is thanked for
allowing us the opportunity to improve on the original paper.
NR 82
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U1 1
U2 22
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1027-5606
EI 1607-7938
J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC
JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
PY 2012
VL 16
IS 1
BP 1
EP 18
DI 10.5194/hess-16-1-2012
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 891QY
UT WOS:000300232900001
ER
PT J
AU Roberts-Ashby, T
Stewart, M
AF Roberts-Ashby, Tina
Stewart, Mark
TI Potential for carbon dioxide sequestration in the Lower Cretaceous
Sunniland Formation within the Sunniland Trend of the South Florida
Basin, U.S.
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Geologic sequestration; Storage capacity estimation; Deep saline
aquifers; Depleted oil reservoirs; South Florida; Sunniland Formation
AB The Sunniland Trend (Trend) in south Florida is an arcuate trend about 235 kilometers long by 30 kilometers wide that has supported oil production from the Sunniland Formation for over 60 years. The individual oil fields within the Trend have average porosities that range 15-18%, and have the potential to serve as carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration reservoirs due to their high porosity and proven ability to trap hydrocarbons for millennia. In addition, the non-oil-bearing porous intervals of the Sunniland Formation along the Trend have relatively high porosities as well, with an average porosity range of 10-20%. All of the porous intervals in the Sunniland Formation within the extent of the Trend, including the oil-bearing intervals, have the potential to store similar to 1.2 billion tons of CO2, which could potentially support CO2 sequestration for multiple large-scale power plants in the southeastern United States for their entire 40-year lifespan. The Sunniland Formation is an example of the large CO2 storage capacities that are potentially available in depleted oil and gas basins if all porous units, including those which are non-oil bearing, are considered for storage. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Roberts-Ashby, Tina; Stewart, Mark] Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
RP Roberts-Ashby, T (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 956, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM tlrobert@mail.usf.edu; mark@usf.edu
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-5836
J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON
JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 6
BP 113
EP 125
DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2011.11.009
PG 13
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering,
Environmental
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 902HA
UT WOS:000301028000011
ER
PT J
AU Richardson, LA
Champ, PA
Loomis, JB
AF Richardson, Leslie A.
Champ, Patricia A.
Loomis, John B.
TI The hidden cost of wildfires: Economic valuation of health effects of
wildfire smoke exposure in Southern California
SO JOURNAL OF FOREST ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Wildfire; Health effects; Defensive behavior method; Willingness to pay;
Cost of illness; Station Fire
ID WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; SIMULATED LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION; AIR-POLLUTION;
PARTICULATE MATTER; BENEFITS; SPECIFICATION; EXPENDITURES; MORBIDITY;
BEHAVIOR; DISEASE
AB There is a growing concern that human health impacts from exposure to wildfire smoke are ignored in estimates of monetized damages from wildfires. Current research highlights the need for better data collection and analysis of these impacts. Using unique primary data, this paper quantifies the economic cost of health effects from the largest wildfire in Los Angeles County's modern history. A cost of illness estimate is $9.50 per exposed person per day. However, theory and empirical research consistently find that this measure largely underestimates the true economic cost of health effects from exposure to a pollutant in that it ignores the cost of defensive actions taken as well as disutility. For the first time, the defensive behavior method is applied to calculate the willingness to pay for a reduction in one wildfire smoke induced symptom day. which is estimated to be $84.42 per exposed person per day. Published by Elsevier GmbH on behalf of Department of Forest Economics, SLU Umea, Sweden.
C1 [Richardson, Leslie A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Champ, Patricia A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Loomis, John B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Richardson, LA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM lrichardson@usgs.gov; pchamp@fs.fed.us; john.loomis@colostate.edu
NR 61
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Z9 13
U1 3
U2 40
PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1104-6899
J9 J FOREST ECON
JI J. For. Econ.
PY 2012
VL 18
IS 1
BP 14
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.jfe.2011.05.002
PG 22
WC Economics; Forestry
SC Business & Economics; Forestry
GA 902HG
UT WOS:000301028600003
ER
PT J
AU Howell, PJ
Sankovich, PM
AF Howell, Philip J.
Sankovich, Paul M.
TI An Evaluation of Redd Counts as a Measure of Bull Trout Population Size
and Trend
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; SALVELINUS-CONFLUENTUS; CHINOOK SALMON;
ABUNDANCE; MONTANA; STREAMS; ERROR
AB The use of redd counts to monitor abundance and trend of bull trout Salvelinus confluentus has been clouded by uncertainties concerning measurement error, life history variation, and correspondence of redd counts to adult population size. We compared census redd counts with population estimates of mature females for a migratory fluvial population of bull trout (primarily >= 300 mm fork length) and for a population of small (<200 mm), likely resident, bull trout. We also compared the measurement error of the experienced surveyors who conducted the redd counts to that of a group of inexperienced surveyors. Although the regression of redd counts on adult females for the migratory population was statistically significant, a large proportion of the variation in the relationship was unexplained (r(2) = 0.47). Despite that variation, redd counts accurately reflected a greater than 50% decline in the population over 10 years; however, 5-year trends in redd counts could be misleading. Power analysis parameterized by using the variation in the number of females per redd and measurement error of experienced surveyors indicated that minimum declines of 44-56% or increases of 78-118% over 10-15 years would be necessary for detection using traditional statistical criteria. Geometric mean abundance of migratory adults derived from redd counts and adults-per-redd values from the present study and published averages were similar to measured adult numbers in most cases. For both migratory and resident populations, redd counts by experienced surveyors were substantially more accurate and precise than those by inexperienced surveyors. Counts of migratory bull trout redds were more accurate and precise than counts of resident bull trout redds, which were significantly smaller and consistently underestimated. Thus, bull trout redd counts can be used to estimate abundance levels and to detect substantial longer-term changes in abundance, particularly for migratory populations. However, the reliability of the counts depends on the skill of the surveyors.
C1 [Howell, Philip J.] US Forest Serv, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
[Sankovich, Paul M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, La Grande Field Off, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
RP Howell, PJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, 1401 Gekeler Lane, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
EM phowell@fs.fed.us
FU Bonneville Power Administration; U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service
FX Funding was provided by the Bonneville Power Administration, U.S. Forest
Service, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Larry Boe, Steve
Starcevich, Alan Hemmingen, Jason Shappart, Stephanie Gunckel, John
Brunzell, Ian Tattam, David Gaudette, Lisa Gaudette, Ari Martinez, Blane
Bellerud, David Crabtree, Mae Noble, Devin Best, Dana McCoskey, and
David Kwasniewski assisted with collection of field data. David
Buchanan, Alan Hemmingsen, and Steve Jacobs provided administrative
support. Thanks to Jason Dunham, Russ Thurow, Paul Wilson, Howard
Schaller, Clint Muhlfeld, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful
suggestions on previous drafts. Reference to trade names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 50
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Z9 10
U1 1
U2 15
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 1
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1080/02755947.2011.649192
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 902NW
UT WOS:000301046200001
ER
PT J
AU Kazyak, D
Zydlewski, J
AF Kazyak, David
Zydlewski, Joseph
TI High-Density Polyethylene Pipe: A New Material for Pass-By Passive
Integrated Transponder Antennas
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID SYSTEM; FISH
AB Pass-by passive integrated transponder (PIT) antennas are widely used to study the movements of fish in streams. At many sites, stream conditions make it difficult to maintain antennas and obtain a continuous record of movement. We constructed pass-by PIT antennas by using high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and found them to be robust to high flows and winter ice flows. Costs for HDPE antennas were similar to those of traditional polyvinyl chloride (PVC) antennas, although construction was somewhat more complicated. At sites where PVC antennas are frequently damaged, HDPE is a durable and economical alternative for PIT antenna construction.
C1 [Kazyak, David] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Zydlewski, Joseph] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP Kazyak, D (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, 301 Braddock Rd, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA.
EM dkazyak@umces.edu
RI Kazyak, David/F-9358-2013
NR 5
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 1
BP 49
EP 52
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.655847
PG 4
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 902NW
UT WOS:000301046200006
ER
PT J
AU Finlayson, B
Somer, WL
Vinson, MR
AF Finlayson, Brian
Somer, William L.
Vinson, Mark R.
TI Rotenone Toxicity to Rainbow Trout and Several Mountain Stream Insects:
Response to Comment
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Finlayson, Brian] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Off Spill Prevent & Response, Pesticide Invest Unit, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA.
[Vinson, Mark R.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
RP Finlayson, B (reprint author), Calif Dept Fish & Game, Off Spill Prevent & Response, Pesticide Invest Unit, 1701 Nimbus Rd,Suite F, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA.
EM briankarefinlayson@att.net
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 10
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 1
BP 60
EP 64
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.655846
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 902NW
UT WOS:000301046200008
ER
PT J
AU Humston, R
Bezold, KA
Adkins, ND
Elsey, RJ
Huss, J
Meekins, BA
Cabe, PR
King, TL
AF Humston, Robert
Bezold, Kelly A.
Adkins, Nathaniel D.
Elsey, Ryan J.
Huss, Jessica
Meekins, Brent A.
Cabe, Paul R.
King, Timothy L.
TI Consequences of Stocking Headwater Impoundments on Native Populations of
Brook Trout in Tributaries
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID CHARR SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; LAKE-SUPERIOR; INTROGRESSIVE HYBRIDIZATION;
CUTTHROAT TROUT; RAINBOW-TROUT; NORTH-AMERICA; CONSERVATION GENETICS;
EASTERN CANADA; NATIONAL-PARK; HATCHERY
AB Understanding the impact of hatchery supplementation on the genetics of wild fish populations is important for designing and evaluating ecologically sound stocking practices. For species such as brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, which are a high priority for conservation and restoration in their native range, understanding the potential impacts of stocking on the functional diversity of wild populations is critical. We sought to determine whether brook trout stocked in low-order reservoirs colonize impoundment feeder streams and if they naturally reproduce and interbreed with established native populations in these tributaries. Analysis of microsatellite DNA allowed us to distinguish hatchery-origin brook trout and putative native strains among tributaries of three stocked reservoirs and one unstocked stream. Hatchery-origin fish were found in tributaries of all stocked reservoirs, mixed with native populations; none were found in an unstocked reference stream that supported wild brook trout. Age-1 brook trout genetically matching a known hatchery strain were found in tributaries of stocked reservoirs, although none of this age were stocked, suggesting that stocked trout have successfully reproduced in these streams. Assignment tests indicated that 4 of the 98 brook trout collected from mixed stocked-native streams were probably hybrids (similar to 4.1%; 95% confidence interval = 1.3-10.0%). These results suggest that to date the direct impacts of stocking on the genetics of these native populations have been limited but that indirect impacts through competition or similar interactions may still be occurring.
C1 [Humston, Robert; Bezold, Kelly A.; Adkins, Nathaniel D.; Elsey, Ryan J.; Huss, Jessica; Meekins, Brent A.; Cabe, Paul R.] Washington & Lee Univ, Dept Biol, Lexington, VA 24450 USA.
[King, Timothy L.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
RP Humston, R (reprint author), Washington & Lee Univ, Dept Biol, 204 W Washington St, Lexington, VA 24450 USA.
EM humstonr@wlu.edu
FU Washington and Lee University
FX We thank Barb Lubinski (U.S. Geological Survey); and Eric Hallerman,
Joanne Davis, and Jamie Roberts (Virginia Tech) for technical advice and
assistance with genetic analyses. We also thank Peter O'Donnell, Thomas
Jenkins, and Jason Bacaj (Washington and Lee University); Larry Mohn,
Paul Bugas, Jason Hallacher, and Aaron Coffman (VDGIF); and Dawn Kirk
(USFS) for assistance with planning or executing field collections.
Additionally, we thank George Duckwall and Brian Beers (VDGIF) for
assistance with hatchery collections and stocking history; Eric
Hallerman for comments on an early draft that greatly improved this
manuscript; and the Andrew and Megan Hess Research Scholars program
(through Washington and Lee University) for funding to R.H. Reference to
trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 56
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Z9 2
U1 3
U2 26
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 1
BP 100
EP 108
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.661385
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 902NW
UT WOS:000301046200014
ER
PT J
AU Ciparis, S
Iwanowicz, LR
Voshell, JR
AF Ciparis, Serena
Iwanowicz, Luke R.
Voshell, J. Reese
TI Effects of watershed densities of animal feeding operations on nutrient
concentrations and estrogenic activity in agricultural streams
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Estrogens; Nutrients; Agriculture; Watershed
ID SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; POULTRY LITTER; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION;
CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS; SMALLMOUTH BASS; UNITED-KINGDOM; SURFACE WATERS;
HORMONES; RUNOFF; RIVERS
AB Application of manures from animal feeding operations (AFO5) as fertilizer on agricultural land can introduce nutrients and hormones (e.g. estrogens) to streams. A landscape-scale study was conducted in the Shenandoah River watershed (Virginia, USA) in order to assess the relationship between densities of AFOs in watersheds of agricultural streams and in-stream nutrient concentrations and estrogenic activity. The effect of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) on nutrients and estrogenic activity was also evaluated. During periods of high and low flow, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and orthophosphate (PO4-P) concentrations were analyzed and estrogens/estrogenic compounds were extracted and quantified as 17 beta-estradiol equivalents (E2Eq) using a bioluminescent yeast estrogen screen. Estrogenic activity was measurable in the majority of collected samples, and 20% had E2Eq concentrations >1 ng/L Relatively high concentrations of DIN (>1000 mu g/L) were also frequently detected. During all sampling periods, there were strong relationships between watershed densities of AFOs and in-stream concentrations of DIN (R-2= 0.56-0.81) and E2Eq (R-2= 039-0.75). Relationships between watershed densities of AFOs and PO4-P were weaker, but were also significant (R-2= 027-0.57). When combined with the effect of watershed AFO density, streams receiving WWTP effluent had higher concentrations of PO4-P than streams without WWTP discharges, and PO4-P was the only analyte with a consistent relationship to WWTPs. The results of this study suggest that as the watershed density of AFOs increases, there is a proportional increase in the potential for nonpoint source pollution of agricultural streams and their receiving waters by nutrients, particularly DIN, and compounds that can cause endocrine disruption in aquatic organisms. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ciparis, Serena; Voshell, J. Reese] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Iwanowicz, Luke R.] Leetown Sci Ctr, USGS BRD, Fish Hlth Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
RP Ciparis, S (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Entomol, 216A Price Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM sciparis@vt.edu; liwanowicz@usgs.gov; jvoshell@vt.edu
OI Iwanowicz, Luke/0000-0002-1197-6178
FU Virginia Department of Game; Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration;
Inland Fisheries
FX We would like to thank J. Sanseverino and G. Sayler of the Center for
Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee (Knoxville, TN) for
kindly providing strain BLYES. We would also like to thank R. Hale, D.
Chen, and S. Rice at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science
(Gloucester Point, VA) for analysis of 17 beta-estradiol by
UPLC/MS2. We greatly appreciate the assistance of B.
Niederlehner with nutrient analysis. We also appreciate field assistance
provided by S. Hiner, A. Eakins, S. Voshell, and T. Voshell. Funding for
this project was provided, in part, by grants from the Virginia
Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (supported by Federal Aid in
Sport Fish Restoration). Use of trade names is for identification
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 66
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U1 5
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JAN 1
PY 2012
VL 414
BP 268
EP 276
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.017
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 894WZ
UT WOS:000300459500032
PM 22088420
ER
PT J
AU Rimondi, V
Gray, JE
Costagliola, P
Vaselli, O
Lattanzi, P
AF Rimondi, Valentina
Gray, John E.
Costagliola, Pilario
Vaselli, Orlando
Lattanzi, Pierfranco
TI Concentration, distribution, and translocation of mercury and
methylmercury in mine-waste, sediment, soil, water, and fish collected
near the Abbadia San Salvatore mercury mine, Monte Amiata district,
Italy
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; Methylmercury; Mining; Sediment; Water; Fish
ID ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; ALMADEN MINING DISTRICT; ABANDONED HG
MINES; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY;
GUIZHOU PROVINCE; METHYL MERCURY; HUMAN HEALTH; SPECIATION
AB The distribution and translocation of mercury (Hg) was studied in the Paglia River ecosystem, located downstream from the inactive Abbadia San Salvatore mine (ASSM). The ASSM is part of the Monte Amiata Hg district, Southern Tuscany, Italy, which was one of the world's largest Hg districts. Concentrations of Hg and methyl-Hg were determined in mine-waste calcine (retorted ore), sediment, water, soil, and freshwater fish collected from the ASSM and the downstream Paglia River. Concentrations of Hg in calcine samples ranged from 25 to 1500 mu g/g, all of which exceeded the industrial soil contamination level for Hg of 5 mu/g used in Italy. Stream and lake sediment samples collected downstream from the ASSM ranged in Hg concentration from 0.26 to 15 mu g/g, of which more than 50% exceeded the probable effect concentration for Hg of 1.06 mu g/g, the concentration above which harmful effects are likely to be observed in sediment-dwelling organisms. Stream and lake sediment methyl-Hg concentrations showed a significant correlation with TOC indicating considerable methylation and potential bioavailability of Hg. Stream water contained Hg as high as 1400 ng/I, but only one water sample exceeded the 1000 ng/L drinking water Hg standard used in Italy. Concentrations of Hg were elevated in freshwater fish muscle samples and ranged from 0.16 to 1.2 mu g/g (wet weight), averaged 0.84 mu g/g, and 96% of these exceeded the 0.3 mu/g (methyl-Hg, wet weight) USEPA fish muscle standard recommended to protect human health. Analysis of fish muscle for methyl-Hg confirmed that >90% of the Hg in these fish is methyl-Hg. Such highly elevated Hg concentrations in fish indicated active methylation, significant bioavailability, and uptake of Hg by fish in the Paglia River ecosystem. Methyl-Hg is highly toxic and the high Hg concentrations in these fish represent a potential pathway of Hg to the human food chain. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Gray, John E.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Rimondi, Valentina; Costagliola, Pilario; Vaselli, Orlando] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-50121 Florence, Italy.
[Lattanzi, Pierfranco] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-09127 Cagliari, Italy.
RP Gray, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jgray@usgs.gov
RI Lattanzi, Pierfranco/A-5817-2012;
OI Lattanzi, Pierfranco/0000-0003-4352-2709; Vaselli,
Orlando/0000-0001-8121-4438; Rimondi, Valentina/0000-0002-1249-6563
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); University of Florence; Italian Ministry
of Instruction, University and Research (MIUR); township of Abbadia San
Salvatore, Italy
FX This study was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the
University of Florence, the Italian Ministry of Instruction, University,
and Research (MIUR PRIN 2008, grant to Pilar Costagliola), and the
township of Abbadia San Salvatore, Italy. Brenda Lasorsa (Battelle
Marine Sciences Laboratory, Sequim, WA, USA) provided Hg and methyl-Hg
analyses of samples. We thank Ian Ridley and Bronwen Wang, reviewers for
the USGS, and three anonymous reviewers for Science of the Total
Environment for constructive comments that helped to improve this paper.
We would also like to thank the township of Abbadia San Salvatore, and
particularly, Marcello Niccolini for his invaluable assistance during
fieldwork as well as Mike Pribil (USGS) for helping with the sample
collection. Use of trade names is for descriptive purposes and does not
imply an endorsement by the USGS.
NR 57
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 3
U2 42
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JAN 1
PY 2012
VL 414
BP 318
EP 327
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.065
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 894WZ
UT WOS:000300459500037
PM 22169390
ER
PT J
AU Dieye, AM
Roy, DP
Hanan, NP
Liu, S
Hansen, M
Toure, A
AF Dieye, A. M.
Roy, D. P.
Hanan, N. P.
Liu, S.
Hansen, M.
Toure, A.
TI Sensitivity analysis of the GEMS soil organic carbon model to land cover
land use classification uncertainties under different climate scenarios
in senegal
SO BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SATELLITE DATA; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; BIOGEOCHEMICAL MODEL; ACCURACY
ASSESSMENT; SEQUESTRATION; RESOLUTION; LANDSCAPE; DYNAMICS; SCALE;
CONTINUITY
AB Spatially explicit land cover land use (LCLU) change information is needed to drive biogeochemical models that simulate soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. Such information is increasingly being mapped using remotely sensed satellite data with classification schemes and uncertainties constrained by the sensing system, classification algorithms and land cover schemes. In this study, automated LCLU classification of multi-temporal Landsat satellite data were used to assess the sensitivity of SOC modeled by the Global Ensemble Biogeochemical Modeling System (GEMS). The GEMS was run for an area of 1560 km(2) in Senegal under three climate change scenarios with LCLU maps generated using different Landsat classification approaches. This research provides a method to estimate the variability of SOC, specifically the SOC uncertainty due to satellite classification errors, which we show is dependent not only on the LCLU classification errors but also on where the LCLU classes occur relative to the other GEMS model inputs.
C1 [Dieye, A. M.; Roy, D. P.; Hanan, N. P.] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Dieye, A. M.; Toure, A.] Ctr Suivi Ecol, Dakar, Senegal.
[Liu, S.] US Geol Survey Earth Resources Observat & Sci, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Hansen, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Dieye, AM (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM amadou.dieye@sdstate.edu
OI Hanan, Niall/0000-0002-9130-5306
FU NASA [NNX07A052H]; USAID through the USGS EROS Data Center
[AEGP00030001300]
FX This research was funded by NASA grant NNX07A052H. The USAID through the
USGS EROS Data Center is acknowledged for partial support of the initial
stages of this work (AEGP00030001300).
NR 79
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Z9 9
U1 0
U2 20
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1726-4170
J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES
JI Biogeosciences
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 2
BP 631
EP 648
DI 10.5194/bg-9-631-2012
PG 18
WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 900HK
UT WOS:000300877400002
ER
PT J
AU Bodkin, JL
Ballachey, BE
Coletti, HA
Esslinger, GG
Kloecker, KA
Rice, SD
Reed, JA
Monson, DH
AF Bodkin, James L.
Ballachey, Brenda E.
Coletti, Heather A.
Esslinger, George G.
Kloecker, Kimberly A.
Rice, Stanley D.
Reed, John A.
Monson, Daniel H.
TI Long-term effects of the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill: sea otter foraging in
the intertidal as a pathway of exposure to lingering oil
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea otter; 'Exxon Valdez'; Oil spill; Enhydra lutris; Time-depth
recorder; TDR
ID PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; CRUDE-OIL; PROTOTHACA-STAMINEA; HARLEQUIN DUCKS;
FOOD LIMITATION; ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; ALASKA; HYDROCARBONS; RECOVERY;
MORTALITY
AB The protracted recovery of some bird and mammal populations in western Prince William Sound (WPWS), Alaska, and the persistence of spilled 'Exxon Valdez' oil in intertidal sediments, suggests a pathway of exposure to consumers that occupy nearshore habitats. To evaluate the hypothesis that sea otter (Enhydra lutris) foraging allows access to lingering oil, we contrast spatial relations between foraging behavior and documented oil distribution. We recovered archival time-depth recorders implanted in 19 sea otters in WPWS, where lingering oil and delayed ecosystem recovery are well documented. Sea otter foraging dives ranged from +2.7 to -92 m below sea level (MLLW), with intertidal accounting for 5 to 38% of all foraging. On average, female sea otters made 16 050 intertidal dives per year and 18% of these dives were at depths above the +0.80 m tidal elevation. Males made 4100 intertidal dives per year and 26% of intertidal foraging took place at depths above the +0.80 m tidal elevation. Estimated annual oil encounter rates ranged from 2 to 24 times yr(-1) for females, and 2 to 4 times yr(-1) for males. Exposure rates increased in spring when intertidal foraging doubled and females were with small pups. In summer 2008, we found sea otter foraging pits on 13.5 of 24.8 km of intertidal shoreline surveyed. Most pits (82%) were within 0.5 m of the zero tidal elevation and 15% were above 0.5 m, the level above which most (65%) lingering oil remains. In August 2008, we detected oil above background concentrations in 18 of 41 (44%) pits excavated by sea otters on beaches with prior evidence of oiling, with total PAH concentrations up to 56 000 ng g(-1) dry weight. Our estimates of intertidal foraging, the widespread presence of foraging pits in the intertidal, and the presence of oil in and near sea otter foraging pits documents a pathway of exposure from lingering intertidal oil to sea otters foraging in WPWS.
C1 [Bodkin, James L.; Ballachey, Brenda E.; Esslinger, George G.; Kloecker, Kimberly A.; Reed, John A.; Monson, Daniel H.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Rice, Stanley D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Bodkin, JL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM jbodkin@usgs.gov
RI Monson, Daniel/N-4469-2013;
OI Monson, Daniel/0000-0002-4593-5673; Kloecker,
Kimberly/0000-0002-2461-968X
FU US Geological Survey; Alaska Science Center; Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
Trustee Council
FX This work was supported by the US Geological Survey, Alaska Science
Center and the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council; however, the
findings and conclusions do not necessarily reflect the views or
position of the Trustee Council. Any use of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not represent endorsement by the US
government. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of J. deLaBruere,
B. Hatfield, P. Kearney, M. Kenner and B. Uher-Koch for their
significant contributions to sea otter captures and field data
collection, to M. Murray and P. Snyder for veterinary procedures, and to
J. Coffey for TDR data calibration. We appreciate the thoughtful reviews
of this work by L. Bowen, D. Esler, K. Oakley, and 3 anonymous
colleagues.
NR 67
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Z9 22
U1 7
U2 93
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 447
BP 273
EP 287
DI 10.3354/meps09523
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 897OG
UT WOS:000300660600019
ER
PT J
AU Breshears, DD
Kirchner, TB
Whicker, JJ
Field, JP
Allen, CD
AF Breshears, David D.
Kirchner, Thomas B.
Whicker, Jeffrey J.
Field, Jason P.
Allen, Craig D.
TI Modeling aeolian transport in response to succession, disturbance and
future climate: Dynamic long-term risk assessment for contaminant
redistribution
SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Aeolian Research (ICAR)
CY JUL 05-09, 2010
CL Santa Rosa, ARGENTINA
DE Aeolian; Contaminant transport; Wind erosion; Dust emission; Risk
assessment; Sediment production
ID GRASSLAND-FOREST CONTINUUM; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; WIND EROSION; SEDIMENT
TRANSPORT; SEMIARID SHRUBLAND; UNITED-STATES; NEW-MEXICO; DIE-OFF;
VEGETATION; PLANT
AB Aeolian sediment transport is a fundamental process redistributing sediment, nutrients, and contaminants in dryland ecosystems. Over time frames of centuries or longer, horizontal sediment fluxes and associated rates of contaminant transport are likely to be influenced by succession, disturbances, and changes in climate, yet models of horizontal sediment transport that account for these fundamental factors are lacking, precluding in large part accurate assessment of human health risks associated with persistent soil-bound contaminants. We present a simple model based on empirical measurements of horizontal sediment transport (predominantly saltation) to predict potential contaminant transport rates for recently disturbed sites such as a landfill cover. Omnidirectional transport is estimated within vegetation that changes using a simple Markov model that simulates successional trajectory and considers three types of short-term disturbances (surface fire, crown fire, and drought-induced plant mortality) under current and projected climates. The model results highlight that movement of contaminated soil is sensitive to vegetation dynamics and increases substantially (e.g., > fivefold) when disturbance and/or future climate are considered. The time-dependent responses in horizontal sediment fluxes and associated contaminant fluxes were sensitive to variability in the timing of disturbance, with longer intervals between disturbance allowing woody plants to become dominant and crown fire and drought abruptly reducing woody plant cover. Our results, which have direct implications for contaminant transport and landfill management in the specific context of our assessment, also have general relevance because they highlight the need to more fully account for vegetation dynamics, disturbance, and changing climate in aeolian process studies. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Breshears, David D.; Field, Jason P.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85737 USA.
[Breshears, David D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85737 USA.
[Kirchner, Thomas B.] Carlsbad Environm Monitoring & Res Ctr, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA.
[Whicker, Jeffrey J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Programs, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Allen, Craig D.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Jemez Mt Field Stn, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Breshears, DD (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85737 USA.
EM daveb@email.arizona.edu
NR 77
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1875-9637
J9 AEOLIAN RES
JI Aeolian Res.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 3
IS 4
SI SI
BP 445
EP 457
DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2011.03.012
PG 13
WC Geography, Physical
SC Physical Geography
GA 896AM
UT WOS:000300537800009
ER
PT J
AU Wu, YP
Liu, SG
AF Wu, Yiping
Liu, Shuguang
TI Impacts of biofuels production alternatives on water quantity and
quality in the Iowa River Basin
SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biofuel; Corn stover; Miscanthus; SWAT; Switchgrass; Water quantity and
quality
ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; SWAT MODEL; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS;
MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; BIOENERGY CROP; YIELD; SUSTAINABILITY;
SWITCHGRASS; MISCANTHUS; PROTECTION
AB Corn stover as well as perennial grasses like switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and miscanthus are being considered as candidates for the second generation biofuel feedstocks. However, the challenges to biofuel development are its effects on the environment, especially water quality. This study evaluates the long-term impacts of biofuel production alternatives (e.g., elevated corn stover removal rates and the potential land cover change) on an ecosystem with a focus on biomass production, soil erosion, water quantity and quality, and soil nitrate nitrogen concentration at the watershed scale. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was modified for setting land cover change scenarios and applied to the Iowa River Basin (a tributary of the Upper Mississippi River Basin). Results show that biomass production can be sustained with an increased stover removal rate as long as the crop demand for nutrients is met with appropriate fertilization. Although a drastic increase (4.7-70.6%) in sediment yield due to erosion and a slight decrease (1.2-3.2%) in water yield were estimated with the stover removal rate ranging between 40% and 100%, the nitrate nitrogen load declined about 6-10.1%. In comparison to growing corn, growing either switchgrass or miscanthus can reduce sediment erosion greatly. However, land cover changes from native grass to switchgrass or miscanthus would lead to a decrease in water yield and an increase in nitrate nitrogen load. In contrast to growing switchgrass, growing miscanthus is more productive in generating biomass, but its higher water demand may reduce water availability in the study area. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wu, Yiping; Liu, Shuguang] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Liu, Shuguang] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Liu, SG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM ywu@usgs.gov; sliu@usgs.gov
RI Wu, Yiping/D-2276-2012
OI Wu, Yiping/0000-0002-5163-0884
FU NASA Land Cover; Land Use Change Program [NNH07ZDA001N]; U.S. Geological
Survey Geographic Analysis and Monitoring (GAM) Program; USGS
[G08PC91508]
FX This study was funded by the NASA Land Cover and Land Use Change Program
"Impact of Rapid Land-Use Change in the Northern Great Plains:
Integrated Modeling of Land-Use Patterns, Biophysical Responses,
Sustainability, and Economic and Environmental Consequences" (Grant
NNH07ZDA001N) and U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Analysis and
Monitoring (GAM) Program. Work of Y. Wu was performed under USGS
contract G08PC91508. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. The authors gratefully acknowledge the valuable comments and
suggestions from two anonymous reviewers.
NR 40
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 3
U2 46
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0961-9534
J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG
JI Biomass Bioenerg.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 36
BP 182
EP 191
DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.10.030
PG 10
WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy &
Fuels
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA 895AX
UT WOS:000300469700021
ER
PT J
AU Richey, JN
Poore, RZ
Flower, BP
Hollander, DJ
AF Richey, Julie N.
Poore, Richard Z.
Flower, Benjamin P.
Hollander, David J.
TI Ecological controls on the shell geochemistry of pink and white
Globigerinoides ruber in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Implications for
paleoceanographic reconstruction
SO MARINE MICROPALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Globigerinoides ruber; Mg/Ca; Foraminiferal size; Planktonic
foraminifera; Gulf of Mexico
ID ABUNDANT PLANKTONIC-FORAMINIFERA; STABLE-ISOTOPE VARIABILITY;
SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; DEEP-WATER FLUXES; SARGASSO SEA; SYMBIONT
PHOTOSYNTHESIS; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; ORBULINA-UNIVERSA; 2 MORPHOTYPES;
MG/CA
AB We evaluate the relationship between foraminiferal test size and shell geochemistry (delta C-13, delta O-18, and Mg/Ca) for two of the most commonly used planktonic foraminifers for paleoceanographic reconstruction in the subtropical Atlantic Ocean: the pink and white varieties of Globigerinoides ruber. Geochemical analyses were performed on foraminifera from modern core-top samples of high-accumulation rate basins in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Mg/Ca analysis indicates a positive relationship with test size, increasing by 1.1 mmol/mol (similar to 2.5 degrees C) from the smallest (150-212 mu m) to largest (>500 mu m) size fractions of G. tuber (pink), but with no significant relationship in G. tuber (white). In comparison, oxygen isotope data indicate a negative relationship with test size, decreasing by 0.6 parts per thousand across the size range of both pink and white G. tuber. The observed increase in Mg/Ca and decrease in delta O-18 are consistent with an increase in calcification temperature of 0.7 degrees C per 100 mu m increase in test size, suggesting differences in the seasonal and/or depth distribution among size fractions. Overall, these results stress the necessity for using a consistent size fraction in downcore paleoceanographic studies. In addition, we compare downcore records of delta O-18 and Mg/Ca from pink and white G. tuber in a decadal-resolution 1000-year sedimentary record from the Pigmy Basin. Based on this comparison we conclude that pink G. tuber is calcifying in warmer waters than co-occurring white G. ruber, suggesting differences in the relative seasonal distribution and depth habitat of the two varieties. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Richey, Julie N.; Flower, Benjamin P.; Hollander, David J.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Poore, Richard Z.] US Geol Survey, Sr Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Richey, JN (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM jnrichey@mail.usf.edu; rpoore@usgs.gov; bflower@marine.usf.edu;
davidh@marine.usf.edu
OI Richey, Julie/0000-0002-2319-7980
FU USGS; National Science Foundation [OCE-0318361, OCE-0903017]
FX We thank Ethan Goddard for assistance with elemental and isotopic
measurements. We also thank David Hastings, Terry Quinn, and Deb Willard
for helpful comments and critiques of this manuscript. This work was
supported in part by the USGS and the National Science Foundation under
grants OCE-0318361 and OCE-0903017. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 46
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-8398
J9 MAR MICROPALEONTOL
JI Mar. Micropaleontol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 82-83
BP 28
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.marmicro.2011.10.002
PG 10
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 895FT
UT WOS:000300482300003
ER
PT J
AU Buratti, BJ
Sotin, C
Lawrence, K
Brown, RH
Le Mouelic, S
Soderblom, JM
Barnes, J
Clark, RN
Baines, KH
Nicholson, PD
AF Buratti, B. J.
Sotin, C.
Lawrence, K.
Brown, R. H.
Le Mouelic, S.
Soderblom, J. M.
Barnes, J.
Clark, R. N.
Baines, K. H.
Nicholson, P. D.
TI A newly discovered impact crater in Titan's Senkyo: Cassini VIMS
observations and comparison with other impact features
SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Titan Through Time-A Workshop on Titans Formation, Evolution and Fate
CY APR 06-08, 2010
CL MD
DE Titan; Surfaces; Craters
ID LANDING SITE; SURFACE; RADAR
AB Senkyo is an equatorial plain on Titan filled with dunes and surrounded by hummocky plateaus. During the Titan targeted flyby T61 on August 25, 2009, the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) onboard the Cassini spacecraft observed a circular feature, centered at 5.4 degrees N and 341 degrees W, that superimposes the dune fields and a bright plateau. This circular feature, which has been named Paxsi by the International Astronomical Union, is 120 +/- 10 km in diameter (measured from the outer edge of the crater rim) and exhibits a central bright area that can be interpreted as the central peak or pit of an impact crater. Although there are only a handful of certain impact craters on Titan, there are two other craters that are of similar size to this newly discovered feature and that have been studied by VIMS: Sinlap (Le Mouelic et al., 2008) and Selk (Soderblom et al., 2010). Sinlap is associated with a large downwind, fan-like feature that may have been formed from an impact plume that rapidly expanded and deposited icy particles onto the surface. Although much of the surrounding region is covered with dunes, the plume region is devoid of dunes. The formation process of Selk also appears to have removed (or covered up) dunes from parts of the adjacent dune-filled terrain. The circular feature on Senkyo is quite different: there is no evidence of an ejecta blanket and the crater itself appears to be infilled with dune material. The rim of the crater appears to be eroded by fluvial processes; at one point the rim is breached. The rim is unusually narrow, which may be due to mass wasting on its inside and subsequent infill by dunes. Based on these observations, we interpret this newly discovered feature to be a more eroded crater than both Sinlap and Selk. Paxsi may have formed during a period when Titan was warmer and more ductile than it is currently. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Buratti, B. J.; Sotin, C.; Lawrence, K.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Brown, R. H.; Soderblom, J. M.] U AZ, Dept Planet Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Brown, R. H.; Soderblom, J. M.] U AZ, LPL, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Le Mouelic, S.] Univ Nantes, CNRS, Lab Planetol & Geodynam, UMR 6112, F-44035 Nantes, France.
[Barnes, J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Clark, R. N.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Baines, K. H.] SSEC Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Nicholson, P. D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Buratti, BJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Mail Stop 183-401, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM bonnie.j.buratti@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Barnes, Jason/B-1284-2009;
OI Barnes, Jason/0000-0002-7755-3530; Soderblom, Jason/0000-0003-3715-6407
NR 22
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0032-0633
J9 PLANET SPACE SCI
JI Planet Space Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 60
IS 1
BP 18
EP 25
DI 10.1016/j.pss.2011.05.004
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 895GC
UT WOS:000300483200004
ER
PT J
AU Langhans, MH
Jaumann, R
Stephan, K
Brown, RH
Buratti, BJ
Clark, RN
Baines, KH
Nicholson, PD
Lorenz, RD
Soderblom, LA
Soderblom, JM
Sotin, C
Barnes, JW
Nelson, R
AF Langhans, M. H.
Jaumann, R.
Stephan, K.
Brown, R. H.
Buratti, B. J.
Clark, R. N.
Baines, K. H.
Nicholson, P. D.
Lorenz, R. D.
Soderblom, L. A.
Soderblom, J. M.
Sotin, C.
Barnes, J. W.
Nelson, R.
TI Titan's fluvial valleys: Morphology, distribution, and spectral
properties
SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Titan Through Time-A Workshop on Titans Formation, Evolution and Fate
CY APR 06-08, 2010
CL MD
DE Titan; Valleys; Methane; Cassini; VIMS; RADAR
ID CASSINI RADAR OBSERVATIONS; HUYGENS LANDING SITE; METHANE CYCLE;
SURFACE; EROSION; VIMS; CHANNELS; DUNES; EARTH; LAKES
AB Titan's fluvial channels have been investigated based on data obtained by the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instrument and the Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) onboard the Cassini spacecraft. In this paper, a database of fluvial features is created based on radar-SAR data aiming to unveil the distribution and the morphologic and spectral characteristics of valleys on Titan on a global scale. It will also study the spatial relations between fluvial valleys and Titan's geologic units and spectral surface units which have become accessible thanks to Cassini-VIMS data. Several distinct morphologic types of fluvial valleys can be discerned by SAR-images. Dendritic valley networks appear to have much in common with terrestrial dendritic systems owing to a hierarchical and tree-shaped arrangement of the tributaries which is indicative of an origin from precipitation. Dry valleys constitute another class of valleys resembling terrestrial wadis, an indication of episodic and strong flow events. Other valley types, such as putative canyons, cannot be correlated with rainfall based on their morphology alone, since it cannot be ruled out that they may have originated from volcanic/tectonic action or groundwater sapping. Highly developed and complex fluvial networks with channel lengths of up to 1200 km and widths of up to 10 km are concentrated only at a few locations whereas single valleys are scattered over all latitudes. Fluvial valleys are frequently found in mountainous areas. Some terrains, such as equatorial dune fields and undifferentiated plains at mid-latitudes, are almost entirely free of valleys. Spectrally, fluvial terrains are often characterized by a high reflectance in each of Titan's atmospheric windows, as most of them are located on Titan's bright 'continents'. Nevertheless, valleys are spatially associated with a surface unit appearing blue due to its higher reflection at 1.3 mu m in a VIMS false color RGB composite with R: 1.59/1.27 mu m, G: 2.03/1.27 mu m, and B: 1.27/1.08 mu m: the channels either dissect pure bluish surface units or they are carved into terrain with a mixed spectral signature between bright and bluish surface materials. The global picture of fluvial flows clearly indicates a high diversity of parameters controlling fluvial erosion, such as climatic processes, as well as surface and bedrock types. Recent fluvial activity is very likely in the north polar region in contrast to more arid conditions at lower latitudes and at the south pole of Titan. This divergence is probably an indication of seasonal climatic asymmetries between the hemispheres. However, traces of previous fluvial activity are scattered over all latitudes of Titan, which is indicative of previous climatic conditions with at least episodic rainfall. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Langhans, M. H.; Jaumann, R.; Stephan, K.] German Aerosp Ctr, Inst Planetary Res, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Jaumann, R.] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Geosci Remote Sensing Earth & Planets, Dept Earth Sci, Berlin, Germany.
[Brown, R. H.; Soderblom, J. M.] Univ Arizona, Dept Planetary Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Buratti, B. J.; Baines, K. H.; Sotin, C.; Nelson, R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Clark, R. N.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Nicholson, P. D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Lorenz, R. D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Dept Space, Planetary Explorat Grp, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Soderblom, L. A.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Barnes, J. W.] Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Langhans, MH (reprint author), German Aerosp Ctr, Inst Planetary Res, Rutherfordstr 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
EM mirjam.langhans@dlr.de
RI Barnes, Jason/B-1284-2009; Lorenz, Ralph/B-8759-2016;
OI Barnes, Jason/0000-0002-7755-3530; Lorenz, Ralph/0000-0001-8528-4644;
Soderblom, Jason/0000-0003-3715-6407
NR 97
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 23
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0032-0633
J9 PLANET SPACE SCI
JI Planet Space Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 60
IS 1
BP 34
EP 51
DI 10.1016/j.pss.2011.01.020
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 895GC
UT WOS:000300483200006
ER
PT J
AU Le Mouelic, S
Rannou, P
Rodriguez, S
Sotin, C
Griffith, CA
Le Corre, L
Barnes, JW
Brown, RH
Baines, KH
Buratti, BJ
Clark, RN
Nicholson, PD
Tobie, G
AF Le Mouelic, Stephane
Rannou, Pascal
Rodriguez, Sebastien
Sotin, Christophe
Griffith, Caitlin A.
Le Corre, Lucille
Barnes, Jason W.
Brown, Robert H.
Baines, Kevin H.
Buratti, Bonnie J.
Clark, Roger N.
Nicholson, Philip D.
Tobie, Gabriel
TI Dissipation of Titan's north polar cloud at northern spring equinox
SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Titan Through Time-A Workshop on Titans Formation, Evolution and Fate
CY APR 06-08, 2010
CL MD
DE Titan; Cloud; Meteorology; Cassini; VIMS
ID METHANE ABSORPTION; 9500 CM(-1); ATMOSPHERE; DESCENT; WINDS; LAKES; HAZE
AB Saturn's Moon Titan has a thick atmosphere with a meteorological cycle. We report on the evolution of the giant cloud system covering its north pole using observations acquired by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer onboard the Cassini spacecraft. A radiative transfer model in spherical geometry shows that the clouds are found at an altitude between 30 and 65 km. We also show that the polar cloud system vanished progressively as Titan approached equinox in August 2009, revealing at optical wavelengths the underlying sea known as Kraken Mare. This decrease of activity suggests that the north-polar downwelling has begun to shut off. Such a scenario is compared with the Titan global circulation model of Rannou et al. (2006), which predicts a decrease of cloud coverage in northern latitudes at the same period of time. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Le Mouelic, Stephane; Sotin, Christophe; Le Corre, Lucille; Tobie, Gabriel] Univ Nantes, CNRS, Lab Planetol & Geodynam, UMR6112, F-44322 Nantes 3, France.
[Rannou, Pascal] Univ Reims, GSMA, F-51100 Reims, France.
[Rodriguez, Sebastien] CEA, Lab AIM, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Sotin, Christophe; Baines, Kevin H.; Buratti, Bonnie J.] JPL, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Griffith, Caitlin A.; Brown, Robert H.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Griffith, Caitlin A.; Brown, Robert H.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Barnes, Jason W.] Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Clark, Roger N.] USGS, Denver, CO USA.
[Nicholson, Philip D.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Le Mouelic, S (reprint author), Univ Nantes, CNRS, Lab Planetol & Geodynam, UMR6112, 2 Rue Houssiniere,BP92208, F-44322 Nantes 3, France.
EM stephane.lemouelic@univ-nantes.fr
RI Barnes, Jason/B-1284-2009; RANNOU, Pascal/I-9059-2012; Rodriguez,
Sebastien/H-5902-2016;
OI Barnes, Jason/0000-0002-7755-3530; Rodriguez,
Sebastien/0000-0003-1219-0641; Le Corre, Lucille/0000-0003-0349-7932
NR 37
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0032-0633
J9 PLANET SPACE SCI
JI Planet Space Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 60
IS 1
BP 86
EP 92
DI 10.1016/j.pss.2011.04.006
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 895GC
UT WOS:000300483200010
ER
PT J
AU Dhakal, N
Fang, X
Cleveland, TG
Thompson, DB
Asquith, WH
Marzen, LJ
AF Dhakal, Nirajan
Fang, Xing
Cleveland, Theodore G.
Thompson, David B.
Asquith, William H.
Marzen, Luke J.
TI Estimation of Volumetric Runoff Coefficients for Texas Watersheds Using
Land-Use and Rainfall-Runoff Data
SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Runoff; Rainfall; Hydrology; Impervious area; Parameters
ID TIME
AB The rational method for peak discharge (Q(p)) estimation was introduced in the 1880s. Although the rational method is considered simplistic, it remains an effective method for estimating peak discharge for small watersheds. The runoff coefficient (C) is a key parameter for the rational method and can be estimated in various ways. Literature-based C values (C-lit) are listed for different land-use/land cover (two words, no hyphen) (LULC) conditions in various design manuals and textbooks; however, these C-lit values were developed with little basis on observed rainfall and runoff data. In this paper, C-lit values were derived for 90 watersheds in Texas by using LULC data for 1992 and 2001; the C-lit values derived from the two data sets were essentially the same. Also for this study, volumetric runoff coefficients (C-v) were estimated by using observed rainfall and runoff depths from more than 1,600 events observed in the watersheds. Watershed-median and watershed-average C-v values were computed, and both are consistent with data from the National Urban Runoff Program. In addition, C-v values were estimated by using rank-ordered pairs of rainfall and runoff depths (i.e., frequency matching). As anticipated, C values derived by all three methods (literature based, event totals, and frequency matching) consistently had larger values for developed watersheds than for undeveloped watersheds. Two regression equations of C-v versus percent impervious area were developed and combined into a single equation that can be used to rapidly estimate C-v values for similar Texas watersheds. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000368. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Dhakal, Nirajan; Fang, Xing] Auburn Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Cleveland, Theodore G.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Thompson, David B.] RO Anderson Engn Inc, Minden, NV 89423 USA.
[Asquith, William H.] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Marzen, Luke J.] Auburn Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Fang, X (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM nzd0004@tigermail.auburn.edu; xing.fang@auburn.edu;
theodore.cleveland@ttu.edu; dthompson@roanderson.com; wasquith@usgs.gov;
marzelj@auburn.edu
RI Dhakal, Nirajan/H-2984-2015
FU TxDOT [0-6070, 0-4696, 0-4193, 0-4194]
FX The writers thank TxDOT Project Director Chuck Stead, P. E., and the
project monitoring advisor members for their guidance and assistance.
They also express their gratitude to technical reviewers Meghan Roussel
and Glenn Harwell from the Texas Water Science Center in Austin and Fort
Worth, respectively, and to three anonymous reviewers; their comments
and suggestions greatly improved the paper. This study was partially
supported by TxDOT Research Projects 0-6070, 0-4696, 0-4193, and 0-4194.
NR 38
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 29
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9437
J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE
JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 138
IS 1
BP 43
EP 54
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000368
PG 12
WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources
GA 894PJ
UT WOS:000300438600006
ER
PT J
AU Rodriguez, CM
Bennett, JP
Johnson, CJ
AF Rodriguez, Cynthia M.
Bennett, James P.
Johnson, Christopher J.
TI Lichens Unexpected anti-prion agents?
SO PRION
LA English
DT Article
DE prion; lichen; degradation; environment; Chronic Wasting disease;
protease; transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; ENVIRONMENTAL SOURCES; MULE DEER; SCRAPIE;
SOIL; PROTEASE; TRANSMISSION; INACTIVATION; DIGESTION; SHEEP
AB The prion diseases sheep scrapie and cervid chronic wasting disease are transmitted, in part, via an environmental reservoir of infectivity; prions released from infected animals persist in the environment and can cause disease years later. Central to controlling disease transmission is the identification of methods capable of inactivating these agents on the landscape. We have found that certain lichens, common, ubiquitous, symbiotic organisms, possess a serine protease capable of degrading prion protein (PrP) from prion-infected animals. The protease functions against a range of prion strains from various hosts and reduces levels of abnormal PrP by at least two logs. We have now tested more than twenty lichen species from several geographical locations and from various taxa and found that approximately half of these species degrade PrP. Critical next steps include examining the effect of lichens on prion infectivity and cloning the protease responsible for PrP degradation. The impact of lichens on prions in the environment remains unknown. We speculate that lichens could have the potential to degrade prions when they are shed from infected animals onto lichens or into environments where lichens are abundant. In addition, lichens are frequently consumed by cervids and many other animals and the effect of dietary lichens on prion disease transmission should also be considered.
C1 [Rodriguez, Cynthia M.; Bennett, James P.; Johnson, Christopher J.] Univ Wisconsin, USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Rodriguez, Cynthia M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Bennett, James P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI USA.
RP Johnson, CJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM cjjohnson@usgs.gov
RI Johnson, Christopher/B-1436-2009
OI Johnson, Christopher/0000-0003-4539-2581
FU USGS
FX This work was funded by USGS Wildlife: Terrestrial and Endangered
Resources Program. We thank Dr. Dennis Heisey, Dr. Christopher Brand,
Christina Carlson and Nicole Gibbs for their valuable comments and the
photographers whom we have listed for the use of their images. Any use
of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 8
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA
SN 1933-6896
EI 1933-690X
J9 PRION
JI Prion
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 6
IS 1
BP 11
EP 16
DI 10.4161/pri.6.1.17414
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 891NK
UT WOS:000300223700002
PM 22453171
ER
PT J
AU Goff, J
Chague-Goff, C
Nichol, S
Jaffe, B
Dominey-Howes, D
AF Goff, James
Chague-Goff, Catherine
Nichol, Scott
Jaffe, Bruce
Dominey-Howes, Dale
TI Progress in palaeotsunami research
SO SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Palaeotsunami; Geology; Geomorphology; Archaeology; Microfossils;
Geochemistry
ID SOUTH-PACIFIC TSUNAMI; INDIAN-OCEAN TSUNAMI; DECEMBER 2004 TSUNAMI;
WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; NEW-GUINEA TSUNAMI; LAND-LEVEL CHANGES;
NEW-ZEALAND; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES; HOLOCENE TSUNAMIS; NATIONAL-PARK
AB The study of palaeotsunamis preserved in the sedimentary record has developed over the past three decades to a point where the criteria used to identify these events range from well-tested and accepted to new methods yet to receive wide application. In this paper we review progress with the development of these criteria and identify opportunities for refinements and for extending their application to new settings. The emphasis here is on promoting the use of multiple proxies, selected to best match the context of the site or region of interest. Ultimately, this requires that palaeotsunami research must be a multidisciplinary endeavour and indeed, extend beyond the geological sciences of sedimentology and stratigraphy and, to include knowledge and approaches from field such as archaeology, anthropology and sociology. We also argue that in some instances, despite the use of multiple proxies, the evidence for tsunami inundation of a coast simply may not be preserved. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Goff, James; Chague-Goff, Catherine; Dominey-Howes, Dale] Univ New S Wales, Australia Pacific Tsunami Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Goff, James; Chague-Goff, Catherine; Dominey-Howes, Dale] Univ New S Wales, Nat Hazards Res Lab, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Chague-Goff, Catherine] Australian Nucl & Sci Technol Org, Inst Environm Res, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia.
[Nichol, Scott] Geosci Australia, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Jaffe, Bruce] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Goff, J (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Australia Pacific Tsunami Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM j.goff@unsw.edu.au
RI Jaffe, Bruce/A-9979-2012
OI Jaffe, Bruce/0000-0002-8816-5920
NR 217
TC 89
Z9 90
U1 3
U2 42
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0037-0738
EI 1879-0968
J9 SEDIMENT GEOL
JI Sediment. Geol.
PD JAN 1
PY 2012
VL 243
BP 70
EP 88
DI 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2011.11.002
PG 19
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 890EW
UT WOS:000300128900005
ER
PT J
AU Brooks, ML
AF Brooks, Matthew L.
TI Effects of high fire frequency in creosote bush scrub vegetation of the
Mojave Desert
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE
LA English
DT Article
DE annual grass; Bromus rubens; disturbance; ecosystem transformer; fire
effects; grass-fire cycle; red brome
ID BLACKBRUSH COLEOGYNE; NORTH-AMERICA; ANNUAL PLANTS; RESTORATION;
SHRUBLANDS; CALIFORNIA; COMMUNITY; ECOSYSTEM; RECOVERY; PATTERNS
AB Plant invasions can increase fire frequency in desert ecosystems where fires were historically infrequent. Although there are many resource management concerns associated with high frequency fire in deserts, fundamental effects on plant community characteristics remain largely unstudied. Here I describe the effects of fire frequency on creosote bush scrub vegetation in the Mojave Desert, USA. Biomass of the invasive annual grass Bromus rubens L. increased following fire, but did not increase further with additional fires. In contrast, density, cover and species richness of native perennial plants each decreased following fire and continued to decrease with subsequent fires, although not as dramatically as after the initial fire. Responses were similar 5 and 14 years post-fire, except that cover of Hymenoclea salsola Torr.& A. Gray and Achnatherum speciosa Trin. & Rupr. both increased in areas burnt once. These results suggest that control of B. rubens may be equally warranted after one, two or three fires, but revegetation of native perennial plants is most warranted following multiple fires. These results are valid within the scope of this study, which is defined as relatively short term vegetation responses (<= 14 years) to short fire return intervals (6.3 and 7.3 years for the two and three fire frequency levels) within creosote bush scrub of the Mojave Desert.
C1 US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, El Portal, CA 95318 USA.
RP Brooks, ML (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, 5083 Foresta Rd, El Portal, CA 95318 USA.
EM matt_brooks@usgs.gov
FU Joint Fire Science Program [00-1-2-04]
FX This project was supported by grant #00-1-2-04 from the Joint Fire
Science Program. The final paper benefitted greatly from earlier reviews
by C. D'Antonio, R. Kirby, K. Phillips, J. van Wagtendonk, J. Yee and
four anonymous reviewers.
NR 39
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U1 4
U2 28
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1049-8001
J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE
JI Int. J. Wildland Fire
PY 2012
VL 21
IS 1
BP 61
EP 68
DI 10.1071/WF10140
PG 8
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 886YD
UT WOS:000299890100004
ER
PT J
AU Tsukamoto, K
Javier, PC
Shishido, M
Noguchi, D
Pearce, J
Kang, HM
Jeong, OM
Lee, YJ
Nakanishi, K
Ashizawa, T
AF Tsukamoto, Kenji
Javier, Panei Carlos
Shishido, Makiko
Noguchi, Daigo
Pearce, John
Kang, Hyun-Mi
Jeong, Ok Mi
Lee, Youn-Jeong
Nakanishi, Koji
Ashizawa, Takayoshi
TI SYBR Green-Based Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR for Typing and
Subtyping of All Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase Genes of Avian
Influenza Viruses and Comparison to Standard Serological Subtyping Tests
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MIGRATORY WATERFOWL; H5N1 VIRUS; A VIRUS; ASSAY; H7; SURVEILLANCE;
SYMPATRY; EXCHANGE; JAPAN
AB Continuing outbreaks of H5N1 highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza virus (AIV) infections of wild birds and poultry worldwide emphasize the need for global surveillance of wild birds. To support the future surveillance activities, we developed a SYBR green-based, real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (rRT-PCR) for detecting nucleoprotein (NP) genes and subtyping 16 hemagglutinin (HA) and 9 neuraminidase (NA) genes simultaneously. Primers were improved by focusing on Eurasian or North American lineage genes; the number of mixed-base positions per primer was set to five or fewer, and the concentration of each primer set was optimized empirically. Also, 30 cycles of amplification of 1: 10 dilutions of cDNAs from cultured viruses effectively reduced minor cross-or nonspecific reactions. Under these conditions, 346 HA and 345 NA genes of 349 AIVs were detected, with average sensitivities of NP, HA, and NA genes of 10(1.5), 10(2.3), and 10(3.1) 50% egg infective doses, respectively. Utility of rRT-PCR for subtyping AIVs was compared with that of current standard serological tests by using 104 recent migratory duck virus isolates. As a result, all HA genes and 99% of the NA genes were genetically subtyped, while only 45% of HA genes and 74% of NA genes were serologically subtyped. Additionally, direct subtyping of AIVs in fecal samples was possible by 40 cycles of amplification: approximately 70% of HA and NA genes of NP gene-positive samples were successfully subtyped. This validation study indicates that rRT-PCR with optimized primers and reaction conditions is a powerful tool for subtyping varied AIVs in clinical and cultured samples.
C1 [Tsukamoto, Kenji; Javier, Panei Carlos; Shishido, Makiko; Noguchi, Daigo] Natl Inst Anim Hlth, Res Team Zoonot Dis, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
[Pearce, John] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Kang, Hyun-Mi; Jeong, Ok Mi; Lee, Youn-Jeong] Natl Vet Res & Quarantine Serv, Avian Dis Div, Anyangsi, Gyeonggido, South Korea.
[Nakanishi, Koji] Livestock Hyg Serv Ctr Shiga Prefecture, Shiga, Japan.
[Ashizawa, Takayoshi] Tyuou Livestock Hyg Serv Ctr Chiba Prefecture, Sakura, Chiba, Japan.
RP Tsukamoto, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Anim Hlth, Res Team Zoonot Dis, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
EM ktsukamo@affrc.go.jp
FU Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan
FX This work was supported by a Grant-in-aid Project of the Control of
Avian Influenza and other Zoonotic Diseases by the Ministry of
Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan.
NR 30
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U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 1
BP 37
EP 45
DI 10.1128/JCM.01195-11
PG 9
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 888IH
UT WOS:000299996600009
PM 22031706
ER
PT J
AU Kellogg, CA
Piceno, YM
Tom, LM
DeSantis, TZ
Zawada, DG
Andersen, GL
AF Kellogg, Christina A.
Piceno, Yvette M.
Tom, Lauren M.
DeSantis, Todd Z.
Zawada, David G.
Andersen, Gary L.
TI PhyloChip (TM) microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral
microbial ecology
SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bacteria; Coral; Microarray; 16S; Method; Disease
ID BLACK BAND DISEASE; PLAGUE-LIKE DISEASE; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF;
SCLERACTINIAN CORALS; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; CAUSATIVE AGENT; SURFACE
MUCUS; DIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; DNA
AB Interest in coral microbial ecology has been increasing steadily over the last decade, yet standardized methods of sample collection still have not been defined. Two methods were compared for their ability to sample coral-associated microbial communities: tissue punches and foam swabs, the latter being less invasive and preferred by reef managers. Four colonies of star coral, Montastraea annularis, were sampled in the Dry Tortugas National Park (two healthy and two with white plague disease). The PhyloChip(TM) G3 microarray was used to assess microbial community structure of amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences. Samples clustered based on methodology rather than coral colony. Punch samples from healthy and diseased corals were distinct. All swab samples clustered closely together with the seawater control and did not group according to the health state of the corals. Although more microbial taxa were detected by the swab method, there is a much larger overlap between the water control and swab samples than punch samples, suggesting some of the additional diversity is due to contamination from water absorbed by the swab. While swabs are useful for noninvasive studies of the coral surface mucus layer, these results show that they are not optimal for studies of coral disease. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Kellogg, Christina A.; Zawada, David G.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Piceno, Yvette M.; Tom, Lauren M.; DeSantis, Todd Z.; Andersen, Gary L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kellogg, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 600 4th St S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM ckellogg@usgs.gov; ympiceno@lbl.gov; ltom@lbl.gov; tdesantis@lbl.gov;
dzawada@usgs.gov; GLAndersen@lbl.gov
RI Tom, Lauren/E-9739-2015; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015; Piceno,
Yvette/I-6738-2016
OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827; Piceno, Yvette/0000-0002-7915-4699
FU Coral Reef Ecosystems Study (CREST) of the U.S. Geological Survey; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Although funding for this research project was provided by the Coral
Reef Ecosystems Study (CREST) of the U.S. Geological Survey's Coastal
and Marine Geology Program (CMGP), the CMGP played no active role in the
design of the study, the collection of the data and their analysis and
interpretation, the writing of the report, or the decision to submit
this paper for publication. Any use of trade names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We
thank T. McDole and B.J. Reynolds for assistance during field collection
of the samples. Coral samples were collected in the Dry Tortugas
National Park as authorized by permit DRTO-2009-SCI-0018 to CAK. A
portion of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S.
Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 to Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL).
NR 50
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U1 0
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7012
J9 J MICROBIOL METH
JI J. Microbiol. Methods
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 88
IS 1
BP 103
EP 109
DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2011.10.019
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA 888BA
UT WOS:000299977600016
PM 22085912
ER
PT J
AU Mohammed, A
May, T
Echols, K
Walther, M
Manoo, A
Maraj, D
Agard, J
Orazio, C
AF Mohammed, Azad
May, Thomas
Echols, Kathy
Walther, Mike
Manoo, Anton
Maraj, Dexter
Agard, John
Orazio, Carl
TI Metals in sediments and fish from Sea Lots and Point Lisas Harbors,
Trinidad and Tobago
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea Lots Harbor; Point Lisas Harbor; Trinidad and Tobago; Heavy metals;
Rare earth metals
ID HEAVY-METALS; VENEZUELA; OYSTERS
AB Concentrations of heavy metals were determined in nearshore marine sediments and fish tissue from Sea Lots area on the west coast, at Caroni Lagoon National Park, and in the Point Lisas harbor, Trinidad. The most dominant metals found in sediments were Al, Fe and Zn with mean concentrations highest at Sea Lots (Al-39420 mu g/g; Fe-45640 mu g/g; Zn-245 mu g/g), when compared to sediments from Point Lisas (Al-11936 mu g/g; Fe-30171 mu g/g: Zn-69 mu g/g) and Caroni (Al-0400 mu g/g; Fe-19000 mu g/g; Zn-32 mu g/g), High concentration of Cu, Al, Fe and Zn were also detected in fish tissue from Point Lisas and Caroni. Metal concentrations in fish tissue showed significant correlation with sediment metals concentration, which suggests that tissue levels are influenced by sediment concentration. Of the metals, only Zn. Hg and Cu had a bioaccumulation factor (BAF) greater than one, which suggests a high bioaccumulation potential for these metals. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mohammed, Azad; Manoo, Anton; Maraj, Dexter; Agard, John] Univ W Indies, Dept Life Sci, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago.
[Mohammed, Azad; May, Thomas; Echols, Kathy; Walther, Mike; Orazio, Carl] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Mohammed, A (reprint author), Univ W Indies, Dept Life Sci, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago.
EM azad.mohammed@sta.uwi.edu
NR 15
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U1 2
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 64
IS 1
BP 169
EP 173
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.10.036
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 888CJ
UT WOS:000299981100035
PM 22114951
ER
PT J
AU Juracek, KE
AF Juracek, Kyle E.
TI AN INVESTIGATION OF ELEMENT RATIOS FOR ASSESSING SUSPENDED-SEDIMENT
SOURCES IN SMALL AGRICULTURAL BASINS
SO PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment source; element; ratio; cobalt; lead; zinc; cesium-137; Kansas
ID ACCUMULATION RATES; CHEMICAL TRACERS; RIVER SYSTEMS; UK; CATCHMENT;
LEAD; SOIL; BAY; CONTAMINATION; PROVENANCE
AB Various sediment properties previously have been investigated for the purpose of determining sources of suspended sediment. A remaining research need is an assessment of element ratios for the determination of suspended-sediment sources in different terrestrial environments. In this study, 253 element ratios were assessed to determine which, if any, were potentially useful for sediment-source determinations in six small agricultural basins in northeastern Kansas, USA. Samples of surface soils (cropland and grassland), channel banks, and reservoir bottom sediments were collected, analyzed for 23 elements, and compared. Of the 253 element ratios assessed, only the Co/Pb and Co/Zn ratios were substantially and consistently different between the channel banks and surface soils for all six basins. For three of four reservoirs for which data were available, sediment-source estimates provided by Co/Pb ratios were in agreement with estimates previously provided using Cs-137. For two of the four reservoirs, sediment-source estimates provided by Co/Zn ratios were consistent with the Cs-137 estimates. Thus, the Co/Pb ratio potentially may be more useful. Additional research is needed to ascertain whether or not the use of Co/Pb and Co/Zn ratios as tracers is widely applicable or restricted to specific terrestrial environments.
C1 US Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
RP Juracek, KE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4821 Quail Crest Pl, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
FU Kansas State Water Plan Fund; Kansas Water Office; Kansas Department of
Health and Environment
FX This study was made possible in part by support from the Kansas State
Water Plan Fund, the Kansas Water Office, and the Kansas Department of
Health and Environment. The author thanks Arthur Horowitz (U.S.
Geological Survey) and Phil Owens (University of Northern British
Columbia) for their many helpful comments and suggestions.
NR 56
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U1 1
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0272-3646
EI 1930-0557
J9 PHYS GEOGR
JI Phys. Geogr.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 1
BP 50
EP 67
DI 10.2747/0272-3646.33.1.50
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 888RL
UT WOS:000300021300005
ER
PT J
AU Davis, VM
Layzer, JB
AF Davis, V. Malissa
Layzer, James B.
TI Life History of the Fluted Kidneyshell Ptychobranchus subtentum
SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; FISH HOSTS; MARGARITIFERA-MARGARITIFERA;
NORTH-AMERICA; UNIONIDAE; BIVALVIA; MOLLUSCA; RIVER; TENNESSEE;
GLOCHIDIA
AB The timed kidneyshell Ptychobranchus subtentum (Say, 1825) is a candidate for listing under the Endangered Species Act by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Fecundity, fish hosts, and selected population demographics were determined during 2005-2006 for the fluted kidneyshell in the upper Clinch River, Hancock County, Tennessee. Females were fertilized in Aug. within a 5 d period and contained viable glochidia about 4 wk later. As the embryos began to develop, the marsupium gradually changed color from white to dark brown. Glochidia were contained within conglutinates that resemble Simuliidae pupae likely to attract benthic insectivorous fish and were held over winter and released in May. Fecundity was positively related to mussel length (r(2) = 0.81) and ranged from 43,000 to 500,000 glochidia. Eight species of darters (Etheostoma spp. and Percina spp.) were infested with glochidia in the laboratory to examine potential hosts and host suitability. Juveniles transformed on bluebreast darters E. camurum and dusky darters P. sclera and previously reported hosts: rainbow darters E. caeruleum and fantail darters E. flabellare. In addition, fantail darters and rainbow darters were infested with glochidia from two river systems. The median time of glochidial metamorphosis did not differ significantly between the two mussel populations. The observed ratio of adult females to males (1.9:1) in the Clinch River differed significantly from 1:1. Based upon thin-sections, individuals live to at least 26 y and females become sexually mature at age five.
C1 [Layzer, James B.] Tennessee Technol Univ, US Geol Survey, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
RP Layzer, JB (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, US Geol Survey, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
EM jim_layzer@tntech.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Center for the Management, Utilization,
and Protection of Water Resources, Tennessee Tech University
FX We thank Erica Dyer, Kendall Moles, Samrat Saha, Mad Ashton, Andy Weber,
and Ben Davis for their field and laboratory assistance. The U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, and the Center for the Management, Utilization,
and Protection of Water Resources, Tennessee Tech University provided
funds for this project. We thank David Berg, Nathan Johnson, Jason
Wisniewski and two anonymous referees for providing helpful comments on
an earlier draft.
NR 55
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U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST
PI NOTRE DAME
PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA
SN 0003-0031
EI 1938-4238
J9 AM MIDL NAT
JI Am. Midl. Nat.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 167
IS 1
BP 79
EP 95
PG 17
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 879TP
UT WOS:000299355400007
ER
PT J
AU Rinella, DJ
Wipfli, MS
Stricker, CA
Heintz, RA
Rinella, MJ
AF Rinella, Daniel J.
Wipfli, Mark S.
Stricker, Craig A.
Heintz, Ron A.
Rinella, Matthew J.
TI Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) runs and consumer fitness: growth and
energy storage in stream-dwelling salmonids increase with salmon spawner
density
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID JUVENILE COHO SALMON; STABLE-ISOTOPE RATIOS; FRESH-WATER; FOOD WEBS;
SOCKEYE-SALMON; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; RESIDENT SALMONIDS; MARINE
SUBSIDIES; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; KISUTCH
AB We examined how marine-derived nutrients (MDN), in the form of spawning Pacific salmon, influenced the nutritional status and delta N-15 of stream-dwelling fishes. We sampled juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) during spring and fall from 11 south-central Alaskan streams that ranged widely in spawning salmon biomass (0.1-4.7 kg.m(-2)). Growth rate (as indexed by RNA-DNA ratios), energy density, and delta N-15 enrichment in spring-sampled fishes increased with spawner biomass, indicating the persistence of spawner effects more than 6 months after salmon spawning. Point estimates suggest that spawner effects on nutrition were substantially greater for coho salmon than Dolly Varden (268% and 175% greater for growth and energy, respectively), indicating that both species benefitted physiologically, but that juvenile coho salmon accrued more benefits than Dolly Varden. Although the data were less conclusive for fall-than spring-sampled fish, they do suggest spawner effects were also generally positive during fall, soon after salmon spawned. In a follow-up analysis where growth rate and energy density were modeled as a function of delta N-15 enrichment, results suggested that both increased with MDN assimilation, especially in juvenile coho salmon. Our results support the importance of salmon runs to the nutritional ecology of stream-dwelling fishes.
C1 [Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Nat Heritage Program, Environm & Nat Resources Inst, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Heintz, Ron A.] Auke Bay Labs, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Rinella, Matthew J.] ARS, USDA, Miles City, MT 59301 USA.
RP Rinella, DJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Nat Heritage Program, Environm & Nat Resources Inst, 3211 Providence Dr,Beatrice McDonald Hall, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM rinella@uaa.alaska.edu
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustees Council; University of Alaska
Anchorage's Environment and Natural Resources Institute
FX Thanks go to the Gulf Ecosystem Monitoring program (Exxon Valdez Oil
Spill Trustees Council) for funding this project. Coowe Walker, Steve
Baird, and Megan Murphy with the Kachemak Bay Research Reserve gave
invaluable help in the field. Thanks also go to Ted Otis, David
Westerman, Mike Booz, and Jeff Breakfield for help with Alaska
Department of Fish and Game spawner counts and to Cayce Gulbransen for
performing the isotope analyses. Advice from Hal Geiger and two
anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. The US Forest
Service Forest Health and the Kachemak Bay Research Reserve provided
laboratory and bunkhouse space in Cooper Landing and Homer,
respectively. Finally, thanks are extended to the University of Alaska
Anchorage's Environment and Natural Resources Institute for supplemental
funding during analysis and writing. The use of trade, product, or firm
names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 64
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U1 0
U2 32
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 69
IS 1
BP 73
EP 84
DI 10.1139/F2011-133
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 885PE
UT WOS:000299790400006
ER
PT J
AU Lawrence, C
Ennis, DG
Harper, C
Kent, ML
Murray, K
Sanders, GE
AF Lawrence, Christian
Ennis, Don G.
Harper, Claudia
Kent, Michael L.
Murray, Katrina
Sanders, George E.
TI The challenges of implementing pathogen control strategies for fishes
used in biomedical research
SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Danio rerio; Xiphophorus; Oryzias latipes; Zebrafish; Medaka; Platyfish;
Pathogen control; Research facilities; Health management
ID ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; PSEUDOLOMA-NEUROPHILIA; RESEARCH FACILITIES;
TRANSCRIPTOME RESPONSE; VERTEBRATE; MODEL; DIET; MICROSPORIDIA;
INFECTIONS; MEDAKA
AB Over the past several decades, a number of fish species, including the zebrafish, medaka, and platyfish/swordtail, have become important models for human health and disease. Despite the increasing prevalence of these and other fish species in research, methods for health maintenance and the management of diseases in laboratory populations of these animals are underdeveloped. There is a growing realization that this trend must change, especially as the use of these species expands beyond developmental biology and more towards experimental applications where the presence of underlying disease may affect the physiology animals used in experiments and potentially compromise research results. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop, improve, and implement strategies for managing health and disease in aquatic research facilities. The purpose of this review is to report the proceedings of a workshop entitled "Animal Health and Disease Management in Research Animals" that was recently held at the 5th Aquatic Animal Models for Human Disease in September 2010 at Corvallis, Oregon to discuss the challenges involved with moving the field forward on this front. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lawrence, Christian] Childrens Hosp Boston, Aquat Resources Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Ennis, Don G.] Univ Louisiana, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA USA.
[Kent, Michael L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Sanders, George E.] Univ Washington, Dept Comparat Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Sanders, George E.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Reston, VA USA.
RP Lawrence, C (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Boston, Aquat Resources Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
EM clawrence@enders.tch.harvard.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [R24 RR017386-02, R24 RR017386]
NR 73
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Z9 17
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1532-0456
J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS C
JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C-Toxicol. Pharmacol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 155
IS 1
SI SI
BP 160
EP 166
DI 10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.06.007
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Toxicology; Zoology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Toxicology; Zoology
GA 869DC
UT WOS:000298574900021
PM 21726668
ER
PT J
AU Osterkamp, WR
Hupp, CR
Stoffel, M
AF Osterkamp, W. R.
Hupp, C. R.
Stoffel, Markus
TI The interactions between vegetation and erosion: new directions for
research at the interface of ecology and geomorphology
SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
LA English
DT Article
DE vegetation; erosion; biogeomorphology; ecosystems and the services they
provide; carbon sequestration
ID DEBRIS-FLOW ACTIVITY; COASTAL-PLAIN RIVERS; EXPOSED TREE ROOTS;
DENDROGEOMORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS; ANATOMICAL CHANGES; REGULATED RIVERS;
COLORADO PLATEAU; MISSOURI RIVER; SHORE EROSION; SWISS ALPS
AB Vegetation and processes of erosion and deposition are interactive. An objective of this paper is to review selected studies that emphasize the interdependencies. The reviews suggest new directions for research uniting ecology and geomorphology the sub-discipline of biogeomorphology. The research, which recently has become vigorous, includes the sources, movement, and fates of fluvial loads of sediment, organic carbon, nutrients, contaminants, and woody debris to low-energy storage sites; the function of biota in causing soil evolution, stability, and sequestration of carbon; the development of new methods to characterize watersheds based on edaphic conditions; and the refinement of current empirical and conceptual models and dendrochronological techniques to measure landscape change. These well acknowledged topics and others less well anticipated ensure that biogeomorphology will remain vibrant. Published in 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the publish domain in the USA.
C1 [Osterkamp, W. R.] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Hupp, C. R.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Stoffel, Markus] Univ Bern, Inst Geol Sci, Lab Dendrogeomorphol Dendrolab Ch, Bern, Switzerland.
[Stoffel, Markus] Univ Geneva, Inst Environm Sci, Climate Change & Climate Impacts Res Chair, Carouge, Switzerland.
RP Osterkamp, WR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ USA.
EM wroster@usgs.gov
RI Stoffel, Markus/A-1793-2017
OI Stoffel, Markus/0000-0003-0816-1303
FU EU, European Commission [212250]
FX This paper is a written version of an oral presentation given, in W.O.'s
absence, at the European Geosciences Union (EGU) Assembly, Vienna,
Austria, in April, 2010, by Mark Nearing, Research Leader, USDA
Agricultural Research Service, Tucson, Arizona, USA; the help of Dr
Nearing and the EGU conveners, especially Artemi Cerda, are both highly
appreciated. Greg Noe provided important input to sections concerning
flood-plain trapping of sediment and nutrients, as well as an early
draft of Figure 2. M. S. acknowledges support from the EU-FP7 project
ACQWA (http://www.acqwa.ch) of the European Commission under Grant Nr.
212250. Among many scientists who provided helpful suggestions are Allen
Gellis, David Goodrich, Richard Marston, Pablo Garcia, and Charles
Demas; their help and that of others is appreciated.
NR 128
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U2 92
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0197-9337
EI 1096-9837
J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND
JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 37
IS 1
BP 23
EP 36
DI 10.1002/esp.2173
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 872FH
UT WOS:000298793700004
ER
PT J
AU El Maarry, MR
Dohm, JM
Marzo, GA
Fergason, R
Goetz, W
Heggy, E
Pack, A
Markiewicz, WJ
AF El Maarry, M. Ramy
Dohm, James M.
Marzo, Giuseppe A.
Fergason, Robin
Goetz, Walter
Heggy, Essam
Pack, Andreas
Markiewicz, Wojciech J.
TI Searching for evidence of hydrothermal activity at Apollinaris Mons,
Mars
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars, Surface; Volcanism; Geological processes
ID LAYERED EJECTA CRATERS; MARTIAN IMPACT CRATERS; EASTERN HELLAS REGION;
SLOPE STREAKS; NEW-ZEALAND; TECTONIC ACTIVITY; RAY SPECTROMETER; FLUVIAL
VALLEYS; RAMPART CRATERS; NORTHERN PLAINS
AB A multidisciplinary approach involving various remote sensing instruments is used to investigate Apollinaris Mons, a prominent volcano on Mars, as well as the surrounding plains for signs of prolonged hydrologic and volcanic, and possibly hydrothermal activity. The main findings include (1) evidence from laser altimetry indicating the large thickness (1.5-2 km at some locations) of the fan deposits draping the southern flank contrary to previous estimates, coupled with possible layering which point to a significant emplacement phase at Apollinaris Mons, (2) corroboration of Robinson et al. (Robinson, M.S., Mouginis-Mark, P.J., Zimbelman, J.R., Wu, S.S.C., Ablin, K.K., Howington-Kraus, A.E. [1993]. Icarus 104, 301-323) hypothesis regarding the formation of incised valleys on the western flanks by density current erosion which would indicate magma-water interaction or, alternatively, volatile-rich magmas early in the volcano's history, (3) mounds of diverse geometric shapes, many of which display summit depressions and occur among faults and fractures, possibly marking venting, (4) strong indicators on the flanks of the volcano for lahar events, and possibly, a caldera lake, (5) ubiquitous presence of impact craters displaying fluidized ejecta in both shield-forming (flank and caldera) materials and materials that surround the volcano that are indicative of water-rich target materials at the time of impact, (6) long-term complex association in time among shield-forming materials and Medusae Fossae Formation.
The findings point to a site of extensive volcanic and hydrologic activity with possibly a period of magma-water interaction and hydrothermal activity. Finally, we propose that the mound structures around Apollinaris should be prime targets for further in situ exploration and search for possible exobiological signatures. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [El Maarry, M. Ramy; Goetz, Walter; Markiewicz, Wojciech J.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
[El Maarry, M. Ramy; Pack, Andreas] Univ Gottingen, Geowissensch Zentrum, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
[Dohm, James M.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Marzo, Giuseppe A.] CR Casaccia, ENEA, I-00123 Rome, Italy.
[Fergason, Robin] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Heggy, Essam] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP El Maarry, MR (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Sidler Str 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
EM mohamed.elmaarry@space.unibe.ch
RI Heggy, Essam/E-8250-2013; Dohm, James/A-3831-2014; Marzo,
Giuseppe/A-9765-2015;
OI Heggy, Essam/0000-0001-7476-2735; EL-MAARRY, MOHAMED
RAMY/0000-0002-8262-0320
FU MPG-IMPRS; NASA
FX M.R. El Maarry was supported by an MPG-IMPRS Grant. James M. Dohm was
funded through NASA's Mars Data Analysis Program. The first author would
like to thank Johan Verkamp for his clarifications on the nature and
evolution of volcanic lakes on Earth, and Roberto Bugiolacchi for his
valuable comments. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers
for their critical comments and suggestions that greatly improved this
paper.
NR 161
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U2 10
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 217
IS 1
BP 297
EP 314
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.10.022
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 876TP
UT WOS:000299130900024
ER
PT J
AU Barlow, JRB
Coupe, RH
AF Barlow, Jeannie R. B.
Coupe, Richard H.
TI Groundwater and Surface-Water Exchange and Resulting Nitrate Dynamics in
the Bogue Phalia Basin in Northwestern Mississippi
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; TRANSPORT; STREAMS; DENITRIFICATION; TRACER; ZONES; HEAT;
FATE; TEMPERATURES; RIVER
AB During April 2007 through September 2008, the USGS collected hydrogeologic and water-quality data from a site on the Bogue Phalia to evaluate the role of groundwater and surface-water interaction on the transport of nitrate to the shallow sand and gravel aquifer underlying the Mississippi Alluvial Plain in northwestern Mississippi. A two-dimensional groundwater/surface-water exchange model was developed using temperature and head data and VS2DH, a variably saturated flow and energy transport model. Results from this model showed that groundwater/surfacewater exchange at the site occurred regularly and recharge was laterally extensive into the alluvial aquifer. Nitrate was consistently reported in surface-water samples (n = 52, median concentration = 39.8 mu mol/L) although never detected in samples collected from in-stream piezometers or shallow monitoring wells adjacent to the stream (n = 46). These two facts, consistent detections of nitrate in surface water and no detections of nitrate in groundwater, coupled with model results that indicate large amounts of surface water moving through an anoxic streambed, support the case for denitrification and nitrate loss through the streambed.
C1 [Barlow, Jeannie R. B.; Coupe, Richard H.] US Geol Survey, Jackson, MS 39208 USA.
RP Barlow, JRB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 308 S Airport Rd, Jackson, MS 39208 USA.
EM jbarlow@usgs.gov
NR 54
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U2 14
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 41
IS 1
BP 155
EP 169
DI 10.2134/jeq2011.0087
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 877WR
UT WOS:000299213900017
PM 22218184
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, J
Collins, LS
Holmes, C
AF Cheng, Jie
Collins, Laurel S.
Holmes, Charles
TI FOUR THOUSAND YEARS OF HABITAT CHANGE IN FLORIDA BAY, AS INDICATED BY
BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA
SO JOURNAL OF FORAMINIFERAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RECONSTRUCTIONS; AUSTRALIA; SALINITY; HISTORY; TRENDS;
ASSEMBLAGES; ZONATIONS; RECORDS; EASTERN; GROWTH
AB Analyses of 203 samples of benthic foraminifera in six cores from four sites in Florida Bay indicate habitat change over the last similar to 4000 years. Sample ages were determined for the last similar to 120 years with Pb-210, and for up to similar to 4000 years at two sites with C-14. The largest habitat changes upcore were identified with stratigraphically constrained cluster analysis (CONISS), which evaluates the similarity of vertically adjacent samples. Paleoenvironmental interpretations of habitat changes were mostly based on varying proportions of two defined associations of environmental indicator taxa and changes in diversity. The timing of the interpreted environmental changes was compared to known natural and anthropogenic events to examine their correspondence and possible relationship.
The bay's initial flooding similar to 4000 YBP was indicated at the offshore Ninemile Bank by a very high proportion of an Ammonia association and very low proportion of a Quinqueloculina association, similar to modern nearshore assemblages in Trout Cove, the core site closest to the mainland. Construction of the Florida Keys railroad in 1907-1910 led to restricted exchange with the open ocean; foraminifera indicate a salinity decrease at that time, probably from the increased influence of runoff. Faunal changes since the 1920s in central Florida Bay signify increasingly saline (>32 psu) waters. Between 1928-1938, concurrent peaks in the Ammonia association at all sites suggest widespread freshening of the bay, which corresponds to an unusual succession of three powerful, wet hurricanes between 1926-1938. After flushing of the bay by hurricanes, a long-term result of decreased circulation caused by railroad construction was the increased retention of organic materials in the bay; more organic-rich conditions after 1932 are indicated at Ninemile Bank by a shift in infaunal Bolivina species to their highest abundance. In the central bay after 1962, the amplitude of changes in the Ammonia association and diversity was greater, probably related to larger salinity shifts caused by increases in water management in addition to natural events such as droughts. In the central bay in 1987, decreases in diversity, increases in infaunal taxa and decreases in epiphytic species clearly reflect a severe, bay-wide seagrass die-off and drought. Thus, changes in Florida Bay habitats can be related to both anthropogenic and, natural causes. Despite any degradation of water quality in the past 50 years, foraminiferal diversity has increased at most sites.
C1 [Cheng, Jie; Collins, Laurel S.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Holmes, Charles] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 34701 USA.
RP Collins, LS (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
EM collinsl@fiu.edu
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0126024]
FX This project was funded by National Science Foundation grant no.
EAR-0126024 to Collins and others. The National Park Service, Everglades
National Park, permitted the collection of cores and use of the Key
Largo Multi-Agency Science Center. Core collection was directed by the
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, Florida. Fishermen's Hospital,
Marathon, graciously contributed the use of their x-ray machine. We are
grateful to the FIU students, research staff, James Fourqurean, William
Anderson, Rudolf Jaffe, and Evelyn Gaiser, who all participated in
collecting, x-raying and sampling the cores. Advice from Martin Buzas on
taxonomy and his help with U.S. National Museum collections are greatly
appreciated. The comments of three reviewers and an associate editor
substantially improved the quality of this paper.
NR 77
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U2 6
PU CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FORAMINIFERAL RES
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA MUSEUM COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, DEPT INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 26 OXFORD ST,
HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA
SN 0096-1191
J9 J FORAMIN RES
JI J. Foraminifer. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 42
IS 1
BP 3
EP 17
PG 15
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 885FV
UT WOS:000299764800002
ER
PT J
AU Straus, DL
Bowker, JD
Bowman, MP
Carty, D
Mitchell, AJ
Farmer, BD
AF Straus, David L.
Bowker, James D.
Bowman, Molly P.
Carty, Dan
Mitchell, Andrew J.
Farmer, Bradley D.
TI Safety of Aquaflor-Medicated Feed to Sunshine Bass
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID SALMO-SALAR L; STREPTOCOCCUS-INIAE; ATLANTIC SALMON; CHANNEL CATFISH;
FLORFENICOL; EFFICACY; MORTALITY; FURUNCULOSIS; INFECTION
AB Aquaflor (florfenicol, 50% type A medicated article) is a relatively new antibiotic used in U. S. aquaculture and has been widely accepted as a safe and effective therapeutant. Some peer-reviewed studies have suggested that 15 mg florfenicol (FFC) u kg-1 body weight (BW).d(-1) for 10 d controls mortality to a greater extent than 10 mg FFC. kg(-1) BW.d(-1) for 10 d. This study evaluated the safety of Aquaflor to sunshine bass (female white bass Morone chrysops x male striped bass M. saxatilis) when administered in feed at 15 (1xthe maximum proposed therapeutic dose), 45 (3x), and 75 (5x) mg FFC u kg-1 BW.d(-1) for 20 d (2xthe currently approved 10-d treatment duration). The medicated feed was top-coated with Aquaflor and fed at 2% BW.d(-1) divided equally between the morning and afternoon feedings. Juvenile sunshine bass (13.6 +/- 1.6 g [mean +/- SD]) were stocked into 100-L flow-through tanks at 20 fish per tank. Diets were randomly assigned to three replicate tanks per treatment; fish in three additional nonstudy tanks were fed control diets and weighed weekly to calculate proper feeding quantities. Throughout the trial, water quality was maintained within ranges suitable for sunshine bass culture, fish behavior appeared normal, and all feed was readily and rapidly consumed. There were no mortalities and fish health evaluations revealed no chronic toxicity patterns. None of the histopathologies distinctive to the use of Aquaflor were observed. In conclusion, there is an adequate margin of safety associated with administering Aquaflor-medicated feed to fingerling sunshine bass at the proposed therapeutic treatment regimen of 15 mg FFC.kg(-1) BW.d(-1) for 10 d.
C1 [Straus, David L.; Mitchell, Andrew J.; Farmer, Bradley D.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
[Bowker, James D.; Bowman, Molly P.; Carty, Dan] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Straus, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
EM dave.straus@ars.usda.gov
NR 25
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U1 0
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 1
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1080/15222055.2011.630262
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 881SV
UT WOS:000299510000001
ER
PT J
AU Misumi, I
Leong, JAC
Takemura, A
Lewis, TD
AF Misumi, Ichiro
Leong, Jo-Ann C.
Takemura, Akihiro
Lewis, Teresa D.
TI Immune protection of Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)
exposed to different infectious doses of ectoparasite (Cryptocaryon
irritans)
SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID CYPRINUS-CARPIO L; PUTATIVE AGGLUTINATION/IMMOBILIZATION ANTIGEN;
PARASITE ICHTHYOPHTHIRIUS-MULTIFILIIS; STRESS-RESPONSE;
LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS; EPINEPHELUS-COIOIDES; PROTOZOAN PARASITE;
ATLANTIC SALMON; CHANNEL CATFISH; RAINBOW-TROUT
AB The objectives of the present study were to standardize a reproducible infection procedure with Cryptocaryon irritans and to examine the effects of infectious dose level on the immune protection in Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). This study demonstrated that direct enumeration of trophonts on the pectoral fin was useful to quantitatively assess immune protection against C. irritans. The number of trophonts on a pectoral fin was positively correlated with infectious dose of live theronts. Fish immunized by direct exposure under controlled laboratory conditions allowed for in depth examination of the effects of the degree of infectious dose on immune response. There was no significant positive correlation between the initial infectious dose and degree of immune responses. Mozambique tilapia initiated a strong immune protection by direct exposure with even a small number of parasites (e.g. 300 theronts per fish). Moreover, as the result of the protein analysis, we identified 28 kD proteins that could be responsible for the immobilizing antigen.
C1 [Misumi, Ichiro; Leong, Jo-Ann C.] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Misumi, Ichiro] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Microbiol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Takemura, Akihiro] Univ Ryukyus, Sesoko Stn, Trop Biosphere Res Ctr, Motobu, Okinawa 9050227, Japan.
[Lewis, Teresa D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dexter Fish Hlth Unit, Dexter Natl Fish Hatchery & Technol Ctr, Dexter, NM USA.
RP Misumi, I (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, POB 1346, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
EM imisumi@email.unc.edu
OI Takemura, Akihiro/0000-0002-5024-4930
FU Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture (USDA CREES)
[2002-38500-12039]; National Science Foundation [EPS02-37065]
FX This research was supported by a grant from the Center for Tropical and
Subtropical Aquaculture #2002-38500-12039 (USDA CREES) to Teresa Lewis
and a grant from the National Science Foundation #EPS02-37065 to Jo-Ann
Leong.
NR 42
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U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0932-0113
J9 PARASITOL RES
JI Parasitol. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 110
IS 1
BP 363
EP 372
DI 10.1007/s00436-011-2500-7
PG 10
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA 881WE
UT WOS:000299521000043
PM 21739314
ER
PT J
AU DeFalco, LA
Esque, TC
Nicklas, MB
Kane, JM
AF DeFalco, Lesley A.
Esque, Todd C.
Nicklas, Melissa B.
Kane, Jeffrey M.
TI Supplementing Seed Banks to Rehabilitate Disturbed Mojave Desert
Shrublands: Where Do All the Seeds Go?
SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE arid land restoration; germination requirements; harvester ants; Messor
pergandei; plant competition; rodents
ID SEMIARID RANGELAND; SOIL DISTURBANCE; UNITED-STATES; SOUTH-AFRICA;
ESTABLISHMENT; GRASSLAND; STEPPE; ANTS; REVEGETATION; REGENERATION
AB Revegetation of degraded arid lands often involves supplementing impoverished seed banks and improving the seedbed, yet these approaches frequently fail. To understand these failures, we tracked the fates of seeds for six shrub species that were broadcast across two contrasting surface disturbances common to the Mojave Desertsites compacted by concentrated vehicle use and trenched sites where topsoil and subsurface soils were mixed. We evaluated seedbed treatments that enhance soil-seed contact (tackifier) and create surface roughness while reducing soil bulk density (harrowing). We also explored whether seed harvesting by granivores and seedling suppression by non-native annuals influence the success of broadcast seeding in revegetating degraded shrublands. Ten weeks after treatments, seeds readily moved off of experimental plots in untreated compacted sites, but seed movements were reduced 32% by tackifier and 55% through harrowing. Harrowing promoted seedling emergence in compacted sites, particularly for the early-colonizing species Encelia farinosa, but tackifier was largely ineffective. The inherent surface roughness of trenched sites retained three times the number of seeds than compacted sites, but soil mixing during trench development likely altered the suitability of the seedbed thus resulting in poor seedling emergence. Non-native annuals had little influence on seed fates during our study. In contrast, the prevalence of harvester ants increased seed removal on compacted sites, whereas rodent activity influenced removal on trenched sites. Future success of broadcast seeding in arid lands depends on evaluating disturbance characteristics prior to seeding and selecting appropriate species and seasons for application.
C1 [DeFalco, Lesley A.; Esque, Todd C.; Nicklas, Melissa B.; Kane, Jeffrey M.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
RP DeFalco, LA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Las Vegas Field Stn,160 N Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
EM ldefalco@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Army, Integrated Training Area Management; USDI Landscape Science
Initiative (Mojave); Invasive Species Program; Recoverability and
Vulnerability of Desert Ecosystems
FX We are grateful to the field and lab assistance of K. Bauer, E.
Beamguard, M. Kang, J. Ramirez, B. Reynolds, S. Scoles-Sciulla, J.
Sharick, A. Smith, K. Smith, and A. Trexler. We especially thank R.
Sparks and M. Hamilton at Ft. Irwin for their on-site support and
logistical assistance. Comments on earlier drafts by J. Belnap, D.
Housman, K. Longshore, S. Ostoja, K. Phillips, R. Sparks, J. van
Wagtendonk, and J. Yee improved this manuscript. Comments made by two
anonymous reviewers also improved the final manuscript. Funding was
provided by the U.S. Army, Integrated Training Area Management, USDI
Landscape Science Initiative (Mojave), Invasive Species Program, and
Recoverability and Vulnerability of Desert Ecosystems. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 57
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U1 4
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1061-2971
J9 RESTOR ECOL
JI Restor. Ecol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 20
IS 1
BP 85
EP 94
DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2010.00739.x
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 872XT
UT WOS:000298845500011
ER
PT J
AU McNutt, M
AF McNutt, Marcia
TI Start with Science to Predict Tsunami Risks, Seismic Hazards
SO SEA TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20191 USA.
RP McNutt, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20191 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA
SN 0093-3651
J9 SEA TECHNOL
JI Sea Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 53
IS 1
BP 18
EP 20
PG 3
WC Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 886JN
UT WOS:000299850800006
ER
PT J
AU Linton, K
Stein, RS
AF Linton, Kelsey
Stein, Ross S.
TI QuakeCaster, an Earthquake Physics Demonstration and Exploration Tool
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; RECURRENCE MODEL; CALIFORNIA; PARKFIELD; HAZARD; SLIP
C1 [Linton, Kelsey] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Stein, Ross S.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Linton, K (reprint author), Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM kelsey.linton@duke.edu; rstein@usgs.gov
NR 15
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Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 83
IS 1
BP 150
EP 155
DI 10.1785/gssrl.83.1.150
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 881MO
UT WOS:000299491000017
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, EM
Esler, D
Boyd, WS
Evenson, JR
Nysewander, DR
Ward, DH
Dickson, RD
Uher-Koch, BD
VanStratt, CS
Hupp, JW
AF Anderson, Eric M.
Esler, Daniel
Boyd, W. Sean
Evenson, Joseph R.
Nysewander, David R.
Ward, David H.
Dickson, Rian D.
Uher-Koch, Brian D.
VanStratt, Corey S.
Hupp, Jerry W.
TI Predation rates, timing, and predator composition for Scoters (Melanitta
spp.) in marine habitats
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE
LA English
DT Article
ID WINTERING SURF SCOTERS; WHITE-WINGED SCOTERS; NESTING BALD EAGLES;
BRITISH-COLUMBIA; FOOD-HABITS; CALIFORNIA; WASHINGTON; ISLAND; DUCKS;
PREY
AB Studies of declining populations of sea ducks have focused mainly on bottom-up processes with little emphasis on the role of predation. We identified 11 potential predators of White-winged Scoters (Melanitta fusca (L., 1758)) and Surf Scoters (Melanitta perspicillata (L, 1758)) in North American marine habitats. However, of 596 Scoters marked with VHF transmitters along the Pacific coast, mortalities were recovered in association with just two identifiable categories of predators: in southeast Alaska recoveries occurred mainly near mustelid feeding areas, while those in southern British Columbia and Washington occurred mainly near feeding areas of Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus (L, 1766)). Determining whether marked Scoters had been depredated versus scavenged was often not possible, but mortalities occurred more frequently during winter than during wing molt (13.1% versus 0.7% of both species combined, excluding Scoters that died within a postrelease adjustment period). In two sites heavily used by Scoters, diurnal observations revealed no predation attempts and low rates of predator disturbances that altered Scoter behavior (<= 0.22/h). These and other results suggest that predation by Bald Eagles occurs mainly at sites and times where densities of Scoters are low, while most predation by mustelids probably occurs when Scoters are energetically compromised.
C1 [Anderson, Eric M.; Dickson, Rian D.; Uher-Koch, Brian D.; VanStratt, Corey S.] Simon Fraser Univ, Ctr Wildlife Ecol, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Esler, Daniel] Simon Fraser Univ, Ctr Wildlife Ecol, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada.
[Boyd, W. Sean] Environm Canada, Pacific Wildlife Res Ctr, Sci & Technol Branch, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada.
[Evenson, Joseph R.; Nysewander, David R.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Puget Sound Assessment & Monitoring Program, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Ward, David H.; Hupp, Jerry W.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Anderson, EM (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Ctr Wildlife Ecol, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
EM eric_anderson@sfu.ca
FU NOAA National Estuarine Research Reserve System; Sea Duck Joint Venture;
USFWS Western Washington Fish and Wildlife Office; SeaDoc Society; Ducks
Unlimited Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada; Province of British Columbia through the Ministry of Advanced
Education; Department of Biology at Simon Fraser University; USGS Alaska
Science Center; Washington Brant Foundation
FX Field assistance was provided by J. Barrett, B. Bartzen, T. Bowman, J.
Brown, S. Coulter, D. Cushing, A. DuBour, L. Heisler, S. Iverson, M.
Kirk, L. Koloski, D. Lacroix, P. Levesque, T. Lewis, R. Lis, R.
MacDonald, M. McAdie, A. McLean, A. Pagano, L. Parker, A. Patterson, K.
Pontius, J. Ray, J. Reed, J. Reynolds, V. Richard, J. Whissel, and many
others. With much volunteer support, Bird Studies Canada supplied B.C.
Coastal Waterbirds Survey data. This study was funded by the NOAA
National Estuarine Research Reserve System (fellowship to E.M.A.), the
Sea Duck Joint Venture, the USFWS Western Washington Fish and Wildlife
Office, the SeaDoc Society, Ducks Unlimited Canada, the Natural Sciences
and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Province of British
Columbia through the Ministry of Advanced Education (funding for
C.S.V.), the Department of Biology at Simon Fraser University, the USGS
Alaska Science Center, and the Washington Brant Foundation. Logistical
support was provided by the Centre for Wildlife Ecology, the Canadian
Wildlife Service, Auke Bay Laboratories, the Ted Stevens Marine Research
Institute, the USFWS Juneau Office, and the USDA Forest Service Juneau
Ranger District.
NR 50
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 12
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4301
J9 CAN J ZOOL
JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 90
IS 1
BP 42
EP 50
DI 10.1139/Z11-110
PG 9
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 880XL
UT WOS:000299443200005
ER
PT J
AU Miller, BJ
Harlow, HJ
Harlow, TS
Biggins, D
Ripple, WJ
AF Miller, Brian J.
Harlow, Henry J.
Harlow, Tyler S.
Biggins, Dean
Ripple, William J.
TI Trophic cascades linking wolves (Canis lupus), coyotes (Canis latrans),
and small mammals
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE
LA English
DT Article
ID MOUNTAIN-NATIONAL-PARK; EXPLOITATION ECOSYSTEMS; MESOPREDATOR RELEASE;
NATURAL REGULATION; NORTH-AMERICA; ISLE ROYALE; PREDATION; FOOD;
CONSERVATION; YELLOWSTONE
AB When large carnivores are extirpated from ecosystems that evolved with apex predators, these systems can change at the herbivore and plant trophic levels. Such changes across trophic levels are called cascading effects and they are very important to conservation. Studies on the effects of reintroduced wolves in Yellowstone National Park have examined the interaction pathway of wolves (Canis lupus L., 1758) to ungulates to plants. This study examines the interaction effects of wolves to coyotes to rodents (reversing mesopredator release in the absence of wolves). Coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823) generally avoided areas near a wolf den. However, when in the proximity of a den, they used woody habitats (pine or sage) compared with herbaceous habitats (grass or forb or sedge)- when they were away from the wolf den. Our data suggested a significant increase in rodent numbers, particularly voles (genus Microtus Schrank, 1798), during the 3-year study on plots that were within 3 km of the wolf den, but we did not detect a significant change in rodent numbers over time for more distant plots. Predation by coyotes may have depressed numbers of small mammals in areas away from the wolf den. These factors indicate a top down effect by wolves on coyotes and subsequently on the rodents of the area. Restoration of wolves could be a powerful tool for regulating predation at lower trophic levels.
C1 [Ripple, William J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Miller, Brian J.] Wind River Ranch Fdn, Watrous, NM 87753 USA.
[Miller, Brian J.] Denver Zool Fdn, Denver, CO 80205 USA.
[Harlow, Henry J.; Harlow, Tyler S.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Biggins, Dean] Ft Collins Sci Ctr, USGS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Ripple, WJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM bill.ripple@oregonstate.edu
FU Denver Zoological Foundation; University of Wyoming; Koinonia
Foundation; Oregon State University Foundation
FX P. Cooley, A. Degraeve, S. Hammond, K. Keffer, S. Pfister, R. Reading,
and D. Stern helped with data collection over the years. Funding came
from the Denver Zoological Foundation, the University of Wyoming, the
Koinonia Foundation, and the Oregon State University Foundation through
a L.L. Stewart Faculty Scholar award to W.J.R. The Grand Teton National
Park graciously granted us permits and encouraged the study. Comments by
D. Augeri, M. Boyce, J. Estes, D. Parsons, R. Reading, M. Soule, D.
Smith, and J. Terborgh greatly improved the manuscript.
NR 82
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U1 10
U2 163
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4301
J9 CAN J ZOOL
JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 90
IS 1
BP 70
EP 78
DI 10.1139/Z11-115
PG 9
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 880XL
UT WOS:000299443200008
ER
PT J
AU Muzzall, PM
Lima, M
Gentile, A
Gunn, J
Jones, A
Morrison, J
French, JRP
AF Muzzall, Patrick M.
Lima, Michael
Gentile, Alex
Gunn, Jacob
Jones, Amanda
Morrison, Jamie
French, John R. P., III
TI Acanthocephalan Parasites of Slimy Sculpin, Cottus cognatus, and
Ninespine Stickleback, Pungitius pungitius, from Lake Michigan, U.S.A.
SO COMPARATIVE PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Acanthocephala; Echinorhynchus salmonis; Acanthocephalus dirus;
Neoechinorhynchus pungitius; Cottus cognatus; Pungitius pungitius; Lake
Michigan
ID AMPHIPOD DIPOREIA SPP.; ECHINORHYNCHUS-SALMONIS; GREAT-LAKES; HURON;
LOCALITIES; FISHES; ASSOCIATIONS; RICHARDSON; HELMINTHS; COTTIDAE
AB In total, 288 slimy sculpins, Corms cognatus, were collected in September 2003 from 6 Lake Michigan, U.S.A., ports, along with 220 ninespine sticklebacks, Pungitius pungitius, from 3 ports. The ports included Waukegan, Illinois; Port Washington (PW) and Sturgeon Bay (SB), Wisconsin; and Manistique (MS), Frankfort (FF), Ludington (LD), and Saugatuck, Michigan. Echinorhynchus salmonis infected sculpins from 6 ports, Acanthocephalus dims infected sculpins from 4 ports, and Neoechinorhynchus pungitius infected sculpins from 3 ports. Echinorhynchus salmon is infected significantly more sculpins at PW and at FF than at MS and LD. There were several significant differences in the intensities and abundances of E. salmonis among ports. Acanthocephalus dirus significantly infected more sculpins and had significantly higher abundances at FF than at PW. MS, and LD. Echinorhynchus salmonis, A. dirus, and N. pungitius infected sticklebacks from SB. MS, and FF. Neoechinorhynchus pungitius significantly infected more sculpins and more sticklebacks, and it had significantly higher abundances at MS than at FF. Neoechinorhynchus pungitius was the most common acanthocephalan in C. cognatus and P. pungitius at MS. These acanthocephalan species infecting C. cognatus and P. pungitius corresponded in their occurrence to those organisms that serve as their intermediate hosts found in the stomachs of both fish species. Potential changes in the diet of C. cognatus played a role in significant differences found for E. salmonis and N. pungitius at MS. One of these acanthocephalan species was always the most numerous helminth species found in the digestive tracts of P. pungitius and C. cognatus from these Lake Michigan ports.
C1 [Muzzall, Patrick M.; Lima, Michael; Gentile, Alex; Gunn, Jacob; Jones, Amanda; Morrison, Jamie] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[French, John R. P., III] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Muzzall, PM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM muzzall@msu.edu
NR 24
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U1 1
U2 7
PU HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOC WASHINGTON
PI LAWRENCE
PA C/O ALLEN PRESS INC, 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, ACCT# 141866, LAWRENCE, KS
66044 USA
SN 1525-2647
J9 COMP PARASITOL
JI Comp. Parasitol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 79
IS 1
BP 15
EP 22
PG 8
WC Parasitology; Zoology
SC Parasitology; Zoology
GA 879VF
UT WOS:000299360300004
ER
PT J
AU Smith, DM
Welsh, SA
Turk, PJ
AF Smith, Dustin M.
Welsh, Stuart A.
Turk, Philip J.
TI Available benthic habitat type may influence predation risk in larval
lampreys
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
ID BROOK LAMPREY
C1 [Smith, Dustin M.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Welsh, Stuart A.] US Geol Survey, W Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV USA.
[Turk, Philip J.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Stat, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Smith, DM (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, 322 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM dsmith304wv@gmail.com
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0906-6691
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 21
IS 1
BP 160
EP 163
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0633.2011.00532.x
PG 4
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 856IZ
UT WOS:000297634700015
ER
PT J
AU Bacon, CR
Vazquez, JA
Wooden, JL
AF Bacon, Charles R.
Vazquez, Jorge A.
Wooden, Joseph L.
TI Peninsular terrane basement ages recorded by Paleozoic and
Paleoproterozoic zircon in gabbro xenoliths and andesite from Redoubt
volcano, Alaska
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTH-CENTRAL ALASKA; WRANGELLIA COMPOSITE TERRANE; WESTERN
NORTH-AMERICA; YUKON-TANANA TERRANE; FE-TI OXIDES; DETRITAL ZIRCON;
U-TH; 1989-1990 ERUPTION; MIOGEOCLINAL STRATA; MAGMATIC SYSTEM
AB Historically active Redoubt volcano is an Aleutian arc basalt-to-dacite cone constructed upon the Jurassic Early Tertiary Alaska Aleutian Range batholith. The batholith intrudes the Peninsular tectonostratigraphic terrane, which is considered to have developed on oceanic basement and to have accreted to North America, possibly in Late Jurassic time. Xenoliths in Redoubt magmas have been thought to be modern cumulate gabbros and fragments of the batholith. However, new sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U-Pb ages for zircon from gabbro xenoliths from a late Pleistocene pyroclastic deposit are dominated by much older, ca. 310 Ma Pennsylvanian and ca. 1865 Ma Paleoproterozoic grains. Zircon age distributions and trace-element concentrations indicate that the ca. 310 Ma zircons date gabbroic intrusive rocks, and the ca. 1865 Ma zircons also are likely from igneous rocks in or beneath Peninsular terrane basement. The trace-element data imply that four of five Cretaceous Paleocene zircons, and Pennsylvanian low-U, low-Th zircons in one sample, grew from metamorphic or hydrothermal fluids. Textural evidence of xenocrysts and a dominant population of ca. 1865 Ma zircon in juvenile crystal-rich andesite from the same pyroclastic deposit show that this basement has been assimilated by Redoubt magma. Equilibration temperatures and oxygen fugacities indicated by Fe-Ti oxide minerals in the gabbros and crystal-rich andesite suggest sources near the margins of the Redoubt magmatic system, most likely in the magma accumulation and storage region currently outlined by seismicity and magma petrology at 4-10 km below sea level. Additionally, a partially melted gabbro from the 1990 eruption contains zircon with U-Pb ages between ca. 620 Ma and ca. 1705 Ma, as well as one zircon with a U-Th disequilibrium model age of 0 ka. The zircon ages demonstrate that Pennsylvanian, and probably Paleoproterozoic, igneous rocks exist in, or possibly beneath, Peninsular terrane basement. Discovery of Pennsylvanian gabbro similar in age to Skolai arc plutons 500 km to the northeast indicates that the Peninsular terrane, along with the Wrangellia and Alexander terranes, has been part of the Wrangellia composite terrane since at least Pennsylvanian time. Moreover, the zircon data suggest that a Paleoproterozoic continental fragment may be present in the mid-to-upper crust in southern Alaska.
C1 [Bacon, Charles R.; Vazquez, Jorge A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Vazquez, Jorge A.] US Geol Survey, Stanford USGS Ion Microprobe Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Wooden, Joseph L.] Stanford Univ, Stanford USGS Ion Microprobe Lab, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Bacon, CR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM cbacon@usgs.gov
FU Alaska Volcano Observatory
FX We are grateful to Alison Till for sharing information on xenolith
localities discovered during her original geologic mapping of Redoubt
volcano. We thank John Aleinikoff, Andy Barth, Luke Beranek, Dwight
Bradley, Cynthia Dusel-Bacon, Bob Gillis, Bill McClelland, Chris Nye,
George Plafker, Tom Sisson, and Rick Stanley for discussions of Alaskan
geology and guidance in identifying zircon source terranes. Comments and
suggestions by John Aleinikoff, Dwight Bradley, and Michelle Coombs on
the original manuscript helped us to clarify reasoning and presentation.
Reviews by Wes Wallace, Axel Schmitt, and Associate Editor Jeff Amato
provided much-appreciated direction in documenting the tectonic
significance of the zircon ages and led to substantial improvement in
the manuscript. Renee Pillers separated zircon. Brad Ito kept the
sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe-reverse geometry (SHRIMP-RG)
functioning well. Heather Bleick provided electron microprobe analyses.
Chris Nye contributed the xenolith from the 1990 eruption. The other
samples were collected by Bacon in 2008 with help from Michelle Coombs
during geologic mapping led by Kate Bull and supported by the U.S.
Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program through the Alaska Volcano
Observatory.
NR 73
TC 8
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U1 0
U2 14
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 124
IS 1-2
BP 24
EP 34
DI 10.1130/B30439.1
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 871FA
UT WOS:000298722100002
ER
PT J
AU Hicke, JA
Allen, CD
Desai, AR
Dietze, MC
Hall, RJ
Hogg, EH
Kashian, DM
Moore, D
Raffa, KF
Sturrock, RN
Vogelmann, J
AF Hicke, Jeffrey A.
Allen, Craig D.
Desai, Ankur R.
Dietze, Michael C.
Hall, Ronald J.
Hogg, Edward H. (Ted)
Kashian, Daniel M.
Moore, David
Raffa, Kenneth F.
Sturrock, Rona N.
Vogelmann, James
TI Effects of biotic disturbances on forest carbon cycling in the United
States and Canada
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE carbon cycling; disturbances; insects; pathogens
ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; BEECH BARK DISEASE; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; SWISS
NEEDLE CAST; ARMILLARIA ROOT DISEASE; WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM; RESOLUTION
SATELLITE IMAGERY; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DOUGLAS-FIR
AB Forest insects and pathogens are major disturbance agents that have affected millions of hectares in North America in recent decades, implying significant impacts to the carbon (C) cycle. Here, we review and synthesize published studies of the effects of biotic disturbances on forest C cycling in the United States and Canada. Primary productivity in stands was reduced, sometimes considerably, immediately following insect or pathogen attack. After repeated growth reductions caused by some insects or pathogens or a single infestation by some bark beetle species, tree mortality occurred, altering productivity and decomposition. In the years following disturbance, primary productivity in some cases increased rapidly as a result of enhanced growth by surviving vegetation, and in other cases increased slowly because of lower forest regrowth. In the decades following tree mortality, decomposition increased as a result of the large amount of dead organic matter. Net ecosystem productivity decreased immediately following attack, with some studies reporting a switch to a C source to the atmosphere, and increased afterward as the forest regrew and dead organic matter decomposed. Large variability in C cycle responses arose from several factors, including type of insect or pathogen, time since disturbance, number of trees affected, and capacity of remaining vegetation to increase growth rates following outbreak. We identified significant knowledge gaps, including limited understanding of carbon cycle impacts among different biotic disturbance types (particularly pathogens), their impacts at landscape and regional scales, and limited capacity to predict disturbance events and their consequences for carbon cycling. We conclude that biotic disturbances can have major impacts on forest C stocks and fluxes and can be large enough to affect regional C cycling. However, additional research is needed to reduce the uncertainties associated with quantifying biotic disturbance effects on the North American C budget.
C1 [Hicke, Jeffrey A.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Allen, Craig D.] US Geol Survey, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Desai, Ankur R.; Raffa, Kenneth F.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Dietze, Michael C.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Hall, Ronald J.; Hogg, Edward H. (Ted)] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada.
[Kashian, Daniel M.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
[Moore, David] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Sturrock, Rona N.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada.
[Vogelmann, James] US Geol Survey, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Hicke, JA (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM jhicke@uidaho.edu
RI Lundquist, John/B-6433-2012; Dietze, Michael/A-5834-2009; Moore,
David/A-6268-2013; Hicke, Jeff/M-9677-2013; Desai, Ankur/A-5899-2008;
OI Dietze, Michael/0000-0002-2324-2518; Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041;
Hogg, Ted/0000-0002-6198-0124; Vogelmann, James/0000-0002-0804-5823
FU USGS Western Mountain Initiative; USFS Western Wildland Environmental
Threat Assessment Center; National Institute for Climate Change
Research; DOE; Idaho NSF EPSCoR; NSF DEB [0816541]; Canadian Space
Agency; Natural Resources Canada
FX We gratefully acknowledge the comments of several anonymous reviewers as
well as Nate McDowell, Steve Edburg, and Arjan Meddens that improved
this manuscript. We also thank Eric Kasischke, University of Maryland,
for organizing the North American Carbon Program disturbance synthesis.
Jeanine Paschke of Sanborn/USFS Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team
provided the data shown in Fig. 2. This work was supported in part by
the USGS Western Mountain Initiative, USFS Western Wildland
Environmental Threat Assessment Center, National Institute for Climate
Change Research, DOE, and Idaho NSF EPSCoR to JAH, and an NSF DEB grant
0816541 to KR. RH was supported by the Canadian Space Agency and Natural
Resources Canada. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
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U1 19
U2 216
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 18
IS 1
BP 7
EP 34
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02543.x
PG 28
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 869LG
UT WOS:000298598900003
ER
PT J
AU Rotella, JJ
Link, WA
Chambert, T
Stauffer, GE
Garrott, RA
AF Rotella, Jay J.
Link, William A.
Chambert, Thierry
Stauffer, Glenn E.
Garrott, Robert A.
TI Evaluating the demographic buffering hypothesis with vital rates
estimated for Weddell seals from 30 years of mark-recapture data
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE demography; environmental canalization; Leptonychotes weddellii; marine
mammal; pinniped; population dynamics
ID POPULATION-GROWTH RATE; SOUTHERN ELEPHANT SEALS; AGE-SPECIFIC SURVIVAL;
ANTARCTIC FUR SEALS; LONG-LIVED SEABIRD; LIFE-HISTORIES; TEMPORAL
VARIATION; ENVIRONMENTAL STOCHASTICITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MCMURDO-SOUND
AB 1. Life-history theory predicts that those vital rates that make larger contributions to population growth rate ought to be more strongly buffered against environmental variability than are those that are less important. Despite the importance of the theory for predicting demographic responses to changes in the environment, it is not yet known how pervasive demographic buffering is in animal populations because the validity of most existing studies has been called into question because of methodological deficiencies.
2. We tested for demographic buffering in the southern-most breeding mammal population in the world using data collected from 5558 known-age female Weddell seals over 30 years. We first estimated all vital rates simultaneously with mark-recapture analysis and then estimated process variance and covariance in those rates using a hierarchical Bayesian approach. We next calculated the population growth rate's sensitivity to changes in each of the vital rates and tested for evidence of demographic buffering by comparing properly scaled values of sensitivity and process variance in vital rates.
3. We found evidence of positive process covariance between vital rates, which indicates that all vital rates are affected in the same direction by changes in annual environment. Despite the positive correlations, we found strong evidence that demographic buffering occurred through reductions in variation in the vital rates to which population growth rate was most sensitive. Process variation in vital rates was inversely related to sensitivity measures such that variation was greatest in breeding probabilities, intermediate for survival rates of young animals and lowest for survival rates of older animals.
4. Our work contributes to a small but growing set of studies that have used rigorous methods on long-term, detailed data to investigate demographic responses to environmental variation. The information from these studies improves our understanding of life-history evolution in stochastic environments and provides useful information for predicting population responses to future environmental change. Our results for an Antarctic apex predator also provide useful baselines from a marine ecosystem when its top-and middle-trophic levels were not substantially impacted by human activity.
C1 [Rotella, Jay J.; Chambert, Thierry; Stauffer, Glenn E.; Garrott, Robert A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Link, William A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Rotella, JJ (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM rotella@montana.edu
OI Chambert, Thierry/0000-0002-9450-9080
FU National Science Foundation, Division of Polar Programs [DEB-0635739];
NSF; Raytheon Polar Services Company; Antarctic Support Associates;
United States Navy and Air Force; Petroleum Helicopters Incorporated
FX We thank the many individuals who have worked on projects associated
with the Erebus Bay Weddell seal population since the 1960s. We thank J.
D. Nichols for helpful suggestions during analysis, and we thank D. B.
Siniff for discussions that improved this manuscript. We are grateful to
J.-M. Gaillard, J. D. Nichols and two anonymous reviewers for their
useful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. The project was
supported by the National Science Foundation, Division of Polar Programs
(grant no. DEB-0635739 to R. A. Garrott, J. J. Rotella, and D. B.
Siniff) and prior NSF grants to R. A. Garrott, J. J. Rotella, D. B.
Siniff and J. W. Testa. Logistical support for fieldwork in Antarctica
was provided by Raytheon Polar Services Company, Antarctic Support
Associates, the United States Navy and Air Force, and Petroleum
Helicopters Incorporated. Animal handling protocol was approved by
Montana State University's Animal Care and Use Committee (Protocol
#41-05).
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U1 4
U2 57
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8790
EI 1365-2656
J9 J ANIM ECOL
JI J. Anim. Ecol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 81
IS 1
BP 162
EP 173
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01902.x
PG 12
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 859BO
UT WOS:000297849300017
PM 21939440
ER
PT J
AU Rideout, BA
Stalis, I
Papendick, R
Pessier, A
Puschner, B
Finkelstein, ME
Smith, DR
Johnson, M
Mace, M
Stroud, R
Brandt, J
Burnett, J
Parish, C
Petterson, J
Witte, C
Stringfield, C
Orr, K
Zuba, J
Wallace, M
Grantham, J
AF Rideout, Bruce A.
Stalis, Ilse
Papendick, Rebecca
Pessier, Allan
Puschner, Birgit
Finkelstein, Myra E.
Smith, Donald R.
Johnson, Matthew
Mace, Michael
Stroud, Richard
Brandt, Joseph
Burnett, Joe
Parish, Chris
Petterson, Jim
Witte, Carmel
Stringfield, Cynthia
Orr, Kathy
Zuba, Jeff
Wallace, Mike
Grantham, Jesse
TI PATTERNS OF MORTALITY IN FREE-RANGING CALIFORNIA CONDORS (GYMNOGYPS
CALIFORNIANUS)
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE California Condor; Cathartidae; lead toxicosis; mortality; pathology;
reintroduction
ID LEAD TOXICITY; LIVER; VULTURES; COPPER; CALVES; JUNK; AGE
AB We document causes of death in free-ranging California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus) from the inception of the reintroduction program in 1992 through December 2009 to identify current and historic mortality factors that might interfere with establishment of self-sustaining populations in the wild. A total of 135 deaths occurred from October 1992 (the first post-release death) through December 2009, from a maximum population-at-risk of 352 birds, for a cumulative crude mortality rate of 38%. A definitive cause of death was determined for 76 of the 98 submitted cases, 70% (53/76) of which were attributed to anthropogenic causes. Trash ingestion was the most important mortality factor in nestlings (proportional mortality rate [PMR] 73%; 8/11.), while lead toxicosis was the most important factor in juveniles (PMR 26%; 13/50) and adults (PM R 67%; 10/15). These results demonstrate that the leading causes of death at all California Condor release sites are anthropogenic. The mortality factors thought to be important in the decline of the historic California Condor population, particularly lead poisoning, remain the most important documented mortality factors today. Without effective mitigation, these factors can be expected to have the same effects on the sustainability of the wild populations as they have in the past.
C1 [Rideout, Bruce A.; Stalis, Ilse; Papendick, Rebecca; Pessier, Allan; Witte, Carmel] San Diego Zoo Global, Wildlife Dis Labs, Inst Conservat Res, San Diego, CA 92112 USA.
[Puschner, Birgit] Univ Calif Davis, Toxicol Lab, Calif Anim Hlth & Food Safety Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Finkelstein, Myra E.; Smith, Donald R.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Microbiol & Environm Toxicol Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Johnson, Matthew] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Mace, Michael] San Diego Zoo Safari Pk, Bird Dept, Escondido, CA 92027 USA.
[Stroud, Richard] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Forens Lab, Ashland, OR USA.
[Brandt, Joseph] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Calif Condor Recovery Program, Ventura, CA 93005 USA.
[Burnett, Joe] Ventana Wildlife Soc, Salinas, CA 93908 USA.
[Parish, Chris] Peregrine Fund, Boise, ID 83709 USA.
[Petterson, Jim] Natl Pk Serv, Paicines, CA 95043 USA.
[Stringfield, Cynthia] Moorpark Coll, Moorpark, CA 93021 USA.
[Zuba, Jeff] San Diego Zoo Safari Pk, Vet Serv, Escondido, CA 92027 USA.
[Orr, Kathy] Phoenix Zoo, Phoenix, AZ 85008 USA.
[Wallace, Mike] San Diego Zoo Global, Appl Anim Ecol, Inst Conservat Res, Escondido, CA 92027 USA.
[Grantham, Jesse] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Calif Condor Recovery Program, Ventura, CA 93003 USA.
RP Rideout, BA (reprint author), San Diego Zoo Global, Wildlife Dis Labs, Inst Conservat Res, POB 120551, San Diego, CA 92112 USA.
EM brideout@sandiegozoo.org
OI Puschner, Birgit/0000-0001-6765-5085
FU Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Global
FX We thank the Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Global,
for funding this study and the many pathologists and veterinarians who
have volunteered time to support the California Condor recovery program.
We acknowledge the contributions of the many dedicated field biologists,
pathology technicians, veterinary technicians, clinical laboratory
technicians, and support staff that made this work possible. We
specifically thank Robert Risebrough for access to unpublished data and
helpful comments on the manuscript; April Gorow, Julie Albright, Marc
Hammond, Yvonne Cates, Jamie Koyama, and Julie Medlock for technical and
administrative assistance; and Ken Convey and Devon Lang for map
preparation. Any use of trade or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 32
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 12
U2 94
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 1
BP 95
EP 112
PG 18
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 876VW
UT WOS:000299136800011
PM 22247378
ER
PT J
AU Tseng, M
Fleetwood, M
Reed, A
Gill, VA
Harris, RK
Moeller, RB
Lipscomb, TP
Mazet, JAK
Goldstein, T
AF Tseng, Marion
Fleetwood, Michelle
Reed, Aimee
Gill, Verena A.
Harris, R. Keith
Moeller, Robert B.
Lipscomb, Thomas P.
Mazet, Jonna A. K.
Goldstein, Tracey
TI Mustelid Herpesvirus-2, a Novel Herpes Infection in Northern Se Otters
(Enhydra Lutris Kenyoni)
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Enhydra lutris kenyoni; herpesvirus; northern sea otter;
polymerase chain reaction
ID MELES-MELES; POPULATION; INFERENCE; EVOLUTION; ALASKA
AB Oral ulcerations and plaques with epithelial eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions were observed in northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) that died or were admitted for rehabilitation after the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) in Alaska, USA. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of herpesviral virions. Additionally, a serologic study from 2004 to 2005 found a high prevalence of exposure to a herpesvirus in live-captured otters. Tissues from 29 otters after the EVOS and nasal swabs from 8:3 live-captured otters in the Kodiak Archipelago were tested for herpesviral DNA. Analysis identified a novel herpesvirus in the gamma subfamily, most closely related to Mustelid herpesvirus-1 from badgers. Results indicated that this herpesvirus is associated with ulcerative lesions but is also commonly found in secretions of healthy northern sea otters.
C1 [Tseng, Marion; Reed, Aimee; Mazet, Jonna A. K.; Goldstein, Tracey] Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Fleetwood, Michelle; Harris, R. Keith; Moeller, Robert B.; Lipscomb, Thomas P.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA.
[Gill, Verena A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Goldstein, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Sch Vet Med, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM tgoldstein@ucdavis.edu
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; Armed Forces Institute of Pathology;
School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis
FX Funds for this study were provided by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
and the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and to A.R. through the
S.T.A.R. (Students Training in Advanced Research) Program in the School
of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis. Live captures
were conducted under Division of Management Authority, US Fish and
Wildlife Service permits MA041309-2 and MA740507-2. Sincere thanks to
personnel from the UC Davis Marine Ecosystem Health Diagnostic and
Surveillance Laboratory, US Fish and Wildlife Service, US Geological
Survey, Alaska Sea Life Center, and Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.
NR 18
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 12
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 1
BP 181
EP 185
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 876VW
UT WOS:000299136800021
PM 22247388
ER
PT J
AU Pikula, J
Bandouchova, H
Novotny, L
Meteyer, CU
Zukal, J
Irwin, NR
Zima, J
Martinkova, N
AF Pikula, Jiri
Bandouchova, Hana
Novotny, Ladislav
Meteyer, Carol U.
Zukal, Jan
Irwin, Nancy R.
Zima, Jan
Martinkova, Natalia
TI Histopathology Confirms White-Nose Syndrome in Bats in Europe
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Geomyces destructans; geomycosis; histopathology; Myotis myotis;
white-nose syndrome
ID EMERGING DISEASE
AB White-nose syndrome, associated with the fungal skin infection geomycosis, caused regional population collapse in bats in North America. Our results, based on histopathology, show the presence of white-nose syndrome in Europe. Dermatohistopathology on two bats (Myotis myotis) found dead in March 2010 with geomycosis in the Czech Republic had characteristics resembling Geomyces destructans infection in bats confirmed with white-nose syndrome in US hibernacula. In addition, a live M. myotis, biopsied for histopathology during hibernation in April 2011, had typical fungal infection with cupping erosion and invasion of muzzle skin diagnostic for white-nose syndrome and conidiospores identical to G. destructans that were genetically confirmed as G. destructans.
C1 [Zukal, Jan; Zima, Jan; Martinkova, Natalia] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Vertebrate Biol, Vvi, CS-60365 Brno, Czech Republic.
[Pikula, Jiri; Bandouchova, Hana; Novotny, Ladislav] Univ Vet & Pharmaceut Sci, Brno 61242, Czech Republic.
[Meteyer, Carol U.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Zukal, Jan] Masaryk Univ, Dept Bot & Zool, CS-61137 Brno, Czech Republic.
[Irwin, Nancy R.] Univ York, Dept Biol, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
[Martinkova, Natalia] Masaryk Univ, Inst Biostat & Anal, Brno 62500, Czech Republic.
RP Martinkova, N (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Vertebrate Biol, Vvi, Kvetna 8, CS-60365 Brno, Czech Republic.
EM martinkova@ivb.cz
RI Martinkova, Natalia/C-2939-2008; Irwin, Nancy/G-2297-2012; Zukal,
Jan/G-1180-2014; Zima, Jan/G-1118-2011
OI Martinkova, Natalia/0000-0003-4556-4363; Zukal, Jan/0000-0003-4967-6880;
FU Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [MSM
6215712402, MSM 0021622416, LC06073]
FX Material from the Byci skala cave was provided by Vlastislav Kana in
2010. We thank Paul A. Racey, Maja Rutten, and four anonymous reviewers
for helpful comments on the manuscript. This study was supported by the
Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (Projects
MSM 6215712402, MSM 0021622416, LC06073). The research was conducted in
accordance with following permits: 35335/ENV/06-2793/620/06,
00163/MK/2009, S01389/MK/2008,142/2010, 169/2011.
NR 10
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Z9 29
U1 2
U2 45
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 1
BP 207
EP 211
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 876VW
UT WOS:000299136800026
PM 22247393
ER
PT J
AU Milani, JF
Wilson, H
Ziccardi, M
LeFebvre, R
Scott, C
AF Milani, Juliana F.
Wilson, Heather
Ziccardi, Michael
LeFebvre, Rance
Scott, Cheryl
TI Hematology, Plasma Chemistry, and Bacteriology of Wild Tundra Swans
(Cygnus columbianus) in Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Cygnus columbianus; enteric bacteria; Escherichia coli;
hematology; plasma biochemistry; Salmonella; Tundra Swan
ID ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; SALMONELLA; PREVALENCE; ADULT; SEX; AGE
AB Blood and cloacal swabs were collected from 100 (66 female, 34 male) wild Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus) molting in northwestern Alaska, USA, 25-28 July 2008, to establish hematologic and serum chemistry reference values and to isolate enteric Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Plasma biochemistry and hematology values did not vary significantly by sex or age. Tundra swans had high levels of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, amylase, and alkaline phosphatase compared with some other avian species (values were up to 7 times greater), possibly indicating capture myopathy. However, concentrations were much lower (up to 8 times lower) than in other waterfowl exposed to similar or more intensive capture methods. White blood cell count and hematocrit values were similar to other waterfowl species, and enteric Salmonella spp. and E. coli 0157:H7 were not present among birds sampled. Our data provide the first biochemical, hematologic, and bacteriologic reference values for wild Tundra Swans.
C1 [Wilson, Heather] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Milani, Juliana F.; Ziccardi, Michael; LeFebvre, Rance; Scott, Cheryl] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Wilson, H (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM heather_wilson@fws.gov
FU Calvin Schwabe One Health Project; US Fish and Wildlife Service,
Migratory Bird Management and Selawik National Wildlife Refuge (Region
7, Alaska); University of California, Davis
FX Support for this project was provided by the Calvin Schwabe One Health
Project; the US Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management and
Selawik National Wildlife Refuge (Region 7, Alaska); and the MPVM
Program at the University of California, Davis. Ian Gardner and Scott
Ford provided valuable guidance, and Alaska USFWS biologists and the UC
Davis Microbiology Laboratory (especially P. Chen and H. Van Hoosear)
provided valuable support in collecting and analyzing samples.
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 15
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 1
BP 212
EP 215
PG 4
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 876VW
UT WOS:000299136800027
PM 22247394
ER
PT J
AU Burco, J
Myers, AM
Schuler, K
Gillin, C
AF Burco, Julia
Myers, Anne Mary
Schuler, Krysten
Gillin, Colin
TI Acute Lead Toxicosis via Ingestion of Spent Ammunition in a Free-Ranging
Cougar (Puma concolor)
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID EXPOSURE; MAMMALS
AB Lead toxicity has long been documented and acknowledged as a significant health issue of water birds and avian scavengers. However, few instances of toxic effects to higher mammalian carnivores have been documented. Here we present an acute case of lead toxicity in a free-ranging cougar (Puma concolor) in Oregon.
C1 [Burco, Julia; Myers, Anne Mary; Gillin, Colin] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, S Willamette Watershed Dist Off, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Schuler, Krysten] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Burco, J (reprint author), Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, S Willamette Watershed Dist Off, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
EM Julia.D.Burco@state.or.us
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 9
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 1
BP 216
EP 219
PG 4
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 876VW
UT WOS:000299136800028
PM 22247395
ER
PT J
AU Bowen, L
Miles, AK
Murray, M
Haulena, M
Tuttle, J
Van Bonn, W
Adams, L
Bodkin, JL
Ballachey, B
Estes, J
Tinker, T
Keister, R
Stott, JL
AF Bowen, Lizabeth
Miles, A. Keith
Murray, Michael
Haulena, Martin
Tuttle, Judy
Van Bonn, William
Adams, Lance
Bodkin, James L.
Ballachey, Brenda
Estes, James
Tinker, Tim
Keister, Robin
Stott, Jeffrey L.
TI Gene transcription in sea otters (Enhydra lutris); development of a
diagnostic tool for sea otter and ecosystem health
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE diagnostics; gene transcript; marine ecosystem health; quantitative
real-time polymerase chain reaction; sea otter
ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MAJOR
HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; CONTROLLED TUMOR PROTEIN; MINK
MUSTELA-VISON; C FUEL-OIL; EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR; BLOOD; ORGANOCHLORINES
AB Gene transcription analysis for diagnosing or monitoring wildlife health requires the ability to distinguish pathophysiological change from natural variation. Herein, we describe methodology for the development of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays to measure differential transcript levels of multiple immune function genes in the sea otter (Enhydra lutris); sea otter-specific qPCR primer sequences for the genes of interest are defined. We establish a reference range of transcripts for each gene in a group of clinically healthy captive and free-ranging sea otters. The 10 genes of interest represent multiple physiological systems that play a role in immuno-modulation, inflammation, cell protection, tumour suppression, cellular stress response, xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, antioxidant enzymes and cellcell adhesion. The cycle threshold (CT) measures for most genes were normally distributed; the complement cytolysis inhibitor was the exception. The relative enumeration of multiple gene transcripts in simple peripheral blood samples expands the diagnostic capability currently available to assess the health of sea otters in situ and provides a better understanding of the state of their environment.
C1 [Bowen, Lizabeth; Miles, A. Keith; Tinker, Tim; Keister, Robin] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95826 USA.
[Murray, Michael] Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Haulena, Martin] Vancouver Aquarium, Vancouver, BC V6G 3E2, Canada.
[Tuttle, Judy] Oregon Coast Museum, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Van Bonn, William] Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
[Adams, Lance] Aquarium Pacific, Long Beach, CA 90802 USA.
[Bodkin, James L.; Ballachey, Brenda] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Estes, James] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Stott, Jeffrey L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Bowen, L (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95826 USA.
EM lbowen@usgs.gov
RI Tinker, Martin/F-1277-2011
OI Van Bonn, William/0000-0001-5309-3595;
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council
FX We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of M. Viens, Registered
Veterinary Technician. Samples were provided by the aquaria under the
expressed permission of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service and under
the Animal Care Committee protocols established at each of the aquaria;
samples were received from Canada under CITES permit CA10FONHQ0016.
Mention of trade names or organizations does not imply endorsement by
the U. S. government. The research described in this study was supported
by the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council. However, the findings and
conclusions of the authors are their own and do not necessarily reflect
the view or position of the Trustee Council.
NR 52
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1755-098X
J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR
JI Mol. Ecol. Resour.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 67
EP 74
DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03060.x
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 869GF
UT WOS:000298585000007
PM 21848762
ER
PT J
AU Coombs, JA
Letcher, BH
Nislow, KH
AF Coombs, J. A.
Letcher, B. H.
Nislow, K. H.
TI GONe: Software for estimating effective population size in species with
generational overlap
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE bias; effective population size; genetic drift; Jorde-Ryman method;
overlapping generations; temporal method
ID ALLELE FREQUENCY; GENETIC DRIFT; EXTINCTION; WILD
AB GONe is a user-friendly, Windows-based program for estimating effective size (Ne) in populations with overlapping generations. It uses the JordeRyman modification to the temporal method to account for age structure in populations. This method requires estimates of age-specific survival and birth rate and allele frequencies measured in two or more consecutive cohorts. Allele frequencies are acquired by reading in genotypic data from files formatted for either GENEPOP or TEMPOFS. For each interval between consecutive cohorts, Ne is estimated at each locus and over all loci. Furthermore, Ne estimates are output for three different genetic drift estimators (Fs, Fc and Fk). Confidence intervals are derived from a chi-square distribution with degrees of freedom equal to the number of independent alleles. GONe has been validated over a wide range of Ne values, and for scenarios where survival and birth rates differ between sexes, sex ratios are unequal and reproductive variances differ. GONe is freely available for download at .
C1 [Coombs, J. A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Letcher, B. H.] US Geol Survey, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Leetown Sci Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
[Coombs, J. A.; Nislow, K. H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Coombs, JA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM jcoombs@cns.umass.edu
NR 22
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1755-098X
J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR
JI Mol. Ecol. Resour.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 160
EP 163
DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03057.x
PG 4
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 869GF
UT WOS:000298585000019
PM 21827640
ER
PT J
AU Rode, KD
Peacock, E
Taylor, M
Stirling, I
Born, EW
Laidre, KL
Wiig, O
AF Rode, Karyn D.
Peacock, Elizabeth
Taylor, Mitchell
Stirling, Ian
Born, Erik W.
Laidre, Kristin L.
Wiig, Oystein
TI A tale of two polar bear populations: ice habitat, harvest, and body
condition
SO POPULATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Body size; Climate change; Morphometrics; Population density; Sea ice;
Ursus maritimus
ID WESTERN HUDSON-BAY; URSUS-MARITIMUS; SEA-ICE; CLIMATE; SIZE; SURVIVAL;
GROWTH; DEMOGRAPHY; ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS
AB One of the primary mechanisms by which sea ice loss is expected to affect polar bears is via reduced body condition and growth resulting from reduced access to prey. To date, negative effects of sea ice loss have been documented for two of 19 recognized populations. Effects of sea ice loss on other polar bear populations that differ in harvest rate, population density, and/or feeding ecology have been assumed, but empirical support, especially quantitative data on population size, demography, and/or body condition spanning two or more decades, have been lacking. We examined trends in body condition metrics of captured bears and relationships with summertime ice concentration between 1977 and 2010 for the Baffin Bay (BB) and Davis Strait (DS) polar bear populations. Polar bears in these regions occupy areas with annual sea ice that has decreased markedly starting in the 1990s. Despite differences in harvest rate, population density, sea ice concentration, and prey base, polar bears in both populations exhibited positive relationships between body condition and summertime sea ice cover during the recent period of sea ice decline. Furthermore, females and cubs exhibited relationships with sea ice that were not apparent during the earlier period (1977-1990s) when sea ice loss did not occur. We suggest that declining body condition in BB may be a result of recent declines in sea ice habitat. In DS, high population density and/or sea ice loss, may be responsible for the declines in body condition.
C1 [Rode, Karyn D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Peacock, Elizabeth] Govt Nunavut, Dept Environm, Igloolik, NU X0A 0L0, Canada.
[Taylor, Mitchell] Lakehead Univ, Fac Sci & Environm Studies, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada.
[Stirling, Ian] Environm Canada, Wildlife Res Div, Edmonton, AB T6G 3S5, Canada.
[Stirling, Ian] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
[Born, Erik W.; Laidre, Kristin L.] Greenland Inst Nat Resources, Nuuk 3900, Greenland.
[Laidre, Kristin L.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Polar Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Wiig, Oystein] Univ Oslo, Natl Ctr Biosystemat, Nat Hist Museum, N-0318 Oslo, Norway.
RP Rode, KD (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM karyn_rode@fws.gov
RI Wiig, Oystein/J-8383-2012;
OI Wiig, Oystein/0000-0003-0395-5251; Rode, Karyn/0000-0002-3328-8202
FU Government of Nunavut; Nunavut Wildlife Management Board; Makivik
Corporation; Canadian Polar Continental Shelf Project; Government of
Newfoundland and Labrador; Canadian Wildlife Service; Danish Ministry of
the Environment; Greenland Institute of Natural Resources; University of
Oslo; US Fish and Wildlife Service
FX Funding for field work and data collection were provided by the
Government of Nunavut (before 1999, the Government of the Northwest
Territories), Nunavut Wildlife Management Board, Makivik Corporation,
Canadian Polar Continental Shelf Project, Government of Newfoundland and
Labrador, Canadian Wildlife Service, The Danish Ministry of the
Environment, the Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, and the
University of Oslo. Funding for data analysis was provided by the
Government of Nunavut and the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The findings
and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service or
The Danish Ministry of the Environment.
NR 54
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U1 5
U2 144
PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK
PI TOKYO
PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065,
JAPAN
SN 1438-3896
EI 1438-390X
J9 POPUL ECOL
JI Popul. Ecol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 54
IS 1
BP 3
EP 18
DI 10.1007/s10144-011-0299-9
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 861WS
UT WOS:000298051200002
ER
PT J
AU Kennedy, TA
Ralstony, BE
AF Kennedy, Theodore A.
Ralstony, Barbara E.
TI Regulation leads to increases in riparian vegetation, but not direct
allochthonous inputs, along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE allochthonous; organic matter budget; river regulation; Glen Canyon Dam;
Colorado River; Grand Canyon; remote sensing
ID ORGANIC-MATTER DYNAMICS; ECOSYSTEM METABOLISM; FLOW REGULATION; DESERT
STREAM; UNITED-STATES; USA; TAMARIX; LITTER; GROWTH; CARBON
AB Dams and associated river regulation have led to the expansion of riparian vegetation, especially nonnative species, along downstream ecosystems. Nonnative saltcedar is one of the dominant riparian plants along virtually every major river system in the arid western United States, but allochthonous inputs have never been quantified along a segment of a large river that is dominated by saltcedar. We developed a novel method for estimating direct allochthonous inputs along the 387?km-long reach of the Colorado River downstream of Glen Canyon Dam that utilized a GIS vegetation map developed from aerial photographs, empirical and literature-derived litter production data for the dominant vegetation types, and virtual shorelines of annual peak discharge (566?m3?s-1 stage elevation). Using this method, we estimate that direct allochthonous inputs from riparian vegetation for the entire reach studied total 186?metric tons?year-1, which represents mean inputs of 470?gAFDM?m-1?year-1 of shoreline or 5.17?gAFDM?m-2?year-1 of river surface. These values are comparable to allochthonous inputs for other large rivers and systems that also have sparse riparian vegetation. Nonnative saltcedar represents a significant component of annual allochthonous inputs (36% of total direct inputs) in the Colorado River. We also estimated direct allochthonous inputs for 46.8?km of the Colorado River prior to closure of Glen Canyon Dam using a vegetation map that was developed from historical photographs. Regulation has led to significant increases in riparian vegetation (270319% increase in cover, depending on stage elevation), but annual allochthonous inputs appear unaffected by regulation because of the lower flood peaks on the post-dam river. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Kennedy, Theodore A.; Ralstony, Barbara E.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Kennedy, TA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM tkennedy@usgs.gov
OI Ralston, Barbara/0000-0001-9991-8994
FU Bureau of Reclamation
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Bureau of Reclamation's
Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program. We thank Matthew Andersen,
Emma Rosi-Marshall and Wyatt Cross for critically reviewing earlier
versions of this paper. We also thank Carol Fritzinger for logistical
support during field operations.
NR 48
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U1 1
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1535-1459
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 28
IS 1
BP 2
EP 12
DI 10.1002/rra.1431
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 872GR
UT WOS:000298797800001
ER
PT J
AU Callegary, JB
Ferre, TPA
Groom, RW
AF Callegary, James B.
Ferre, Ty P. A.
Groom, R. W.
TI Three-Dimensional Sensitivity Distribution and Sample Volume of
Low-Induction-Number Electromagnetic-Induction Instruments
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; DEPTH; INVERSION; MODEL
AB There is an ongoing effort to improve the understanding of the correlation of soil properties with apparent soil electrical conductivity as measured by low-induction-number electromagnetic-induction (LIN FEM) instruments. At a minimum, the dimensions of LIN FEM instruments' sample volume, the spatial distribution of sensitivity within that volume, and implications for surveying and analyses must be clearly defined and discussed. Therefore, a series of numerical simulations was done in which a conductive perturbation was moved systematically through homogeneous soil to elucidate the three-dimensional sample volume of LIN FEM instruments. For a small perturbation with electrical conductivity similar to that of the soil, instrument response is a measure of local sensitivity (LS). Our results indicate that LS depends strongly on the orientation of the instrument's transmitter and receiver coils and includes regions of both positive and negative LS. Integration of the absolute value of LS from highest to lowest was used to contour cumulative sensitivity (CS). The 90% CS contour was used to define the sample volume. For both horizontal and vertical coplanar coil orientations, the longest dimension of the sample volume was at the surface along the main instrument axis with a length of about four times the intercoil spacing (s) with maximum thicknesses of about 1 and 0.3 s, respectively. The imaged distribution of spatial sensitivity within the sample volume is highly complex and should be considered in conjunction with the expected scale of heterogeneity before the use and interpretation of LIN FEM for mapping and profiling.
C1 [Callegary, James B.] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Ferre, Ty P. A.] Univ Arizona, Dep Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Groom, R. W.] PetRos EiKon Inc, Orangeville, ON L9W 5G2, Canada.
RP Callegary, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 520 N Pk Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM jcallega@usg.gov
OI Callegary, James/0000-0003-3604-0517
FU National Science Foundation [EAR 07-53521]
FX This material provided by Dr. Ferre is based on work supported by the
National Science Foundation under Grant No. EAR 07-53521 awarded to the
Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science to
support the HydroGeophysics Measurement Facility.
NR 26
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Z9 11
U1 0
U2 8
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 76
IS 1
BP 85
EP 91
DI 10.2136/sssaj2011.0003
PG 7
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 877ZC
UT WOS:000299220200009
ER
PT J
AU Purcell, MK
Laing, KJ
Winton, JR
AF Purcell, Maureen K.
Laing, Kerry J.
Winton, James R.
TI Immunity to Fish Rhabdoviruses
SO VIRUSES-BASEL
LA English
DT Review
DE novirhabdovirus; interferon; cell-mediated immunity; neutralizing
antibody; immune evasion; non-virion; apoptosis; persistent infections;
host-cell shutoff
ID INFECTIOUS-HEMATOPOIETIC-NECROSIS; VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA;
VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; CELL-MEDIATED
CYTOTOXICITY; COMPLETE GENOMIC SEQUENCE; HOST GENE-EXPRESSION; TOLL-LIKE
RECEPTORS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; NK-LIKE CELLS
AB Members of the family Rhabdoviridae are single-stranded RNA viruses and globally important pathogens of wild and cultured fish and thus relatively well studied in their respective hosts or other model systems. Here, we review the protective immune mechanisms that fish mount in response to rhabdovirus infections. Teleost fish possess the principal components of innate and adaptive immunity found in other vertebrates. Neutralizing antibodies are critical for long-term protection from fish rhabdoviruses, but several studies also indicate a role for cell-mediated immunity. Survival of acute rhabdoviral infection is also dependent on innate immunity, particularly the interferon (IFN) system that is rapidly induced in response to infection. Paradoxically, rhabdoviruses are sensitive to the effects of IFN but virulent rhabdoviruses can continue to replicate owing to the abilities of the matrix (M) protein to mediate host-cell shutoff and the non-virion (NV) protein to subvert programmed cell death and suppress functional IFN. While many basic features of the fish immune response to rhabdovirus infections are becoming better understood, much less is known about how factors in the environment affect the ecology of rhabdovirus infections in natural populations of aquatic animals.
C1 [Purcell, Maureen K.; Winton, James R.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Laing, Kerry J.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
RP Purcell, MK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM mpurcell@usgs.gov; klaing@fhcrc.org; jwinton@usgs.gov
RI Laing, Kerry/C-2211-2008;
OI Laing, Kerry/0000-0001-9245-5325; Purcell, Maureen/0000-0003-0154-8433
NR 200
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Z9 31
U1 1
U2 39
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1999-4915
J9 VIRUSES-BASEL
JI Viruses-Basel
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 1
BP 140
EP 166
DI 10.3390/v4010140
PG 27
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 882DS
UT WOS:000299542400007
PM 22355456
ER
PT J
AU Rice, KC
Herman, JS
AF Rice, Karen C.
Herman, Janet S.
TI Acidification of Earth: An assessment across mechanisms and scales
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
ID ANTHROPOGENIC OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; ACID ROCK DRAINAGE; LONG-TERM
CHANGES; MINE DRAINAGE; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; TERRESTRIAL
ECOSYSTEMS; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; DIOXIDE
EMISSIONS
AB In this review article, anthropogenic activities that cause acidification of Earth's air, waters, and soils are examined. Although there are many mechanisms of acidification, the focus is on the major ones, including emissions from combustion of fossil fuels and smelting of ores, mining of coal and metal ores, and application of nitrogen fertilizer to soils, by elucidating the underlying biogeochemical reactions as well as assessing the magnitude of the effects. These widespread activities have resulted in (1) increased CO2 concentration in the atmosphere that acidifies the oceans; (2) acidic atmospheric deposition that acidifies soils and bodies of freshwater; (3) acid mine drainage that acidifies bodies of freshwater and groundwaters; and (4) nitrification that acidifies soils. Although natural geochemical reactions of mineral weathering and ion exchange work to buffer acidification, the slow reaction rates or the limited abundance of reactant phases are overwhelmed by the onslaught of anthropogenic acid loading. Relatively recent modifications of resource extraction and usage in some regions of the world have begun to ameliorate local acidification, but expanding use of resources in other regions is causing environmental acidification in previously unnoticed places. World maps of coal consumption, Cu mining and smelting, and N fertilizer application are presented to demonstrate the complex spatial heterogeneity of resource consumption as well as the overlap in acidifying potential derived from distinctly different phenomena. Projected population increase by country over the next four decades indicates areas with the highest potential for acidification, so enabling anticipation and planning to offset or mitigate the deleterious environmental effects associated with these global shifts in the consumption of energy, mineral, and food resources. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Rice, Karen C.] Univ Virginia, US Geol Survey, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Herman, Janet S.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Rice, KC (reprint author), Univ Virginia, US Geol Survey, POB 400123, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM kcrice@usgs.gov; jherman@virginia.edu
RI Rice, Karen/A-8945-2013;
OI Rice, Karen/0000-0002-9356-5443
NR 171
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U1 11
U2 101
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 27
IS 1
BP 1
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.09.001
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 876LS
UT WOS:000299109600001
ER
PT J
AU Gray, JE
Hines, ME
Krabbenhoft, DP
Thoms, B
AF Gray, John E.
Hines, Mark E.
Krabbenhoft, David P.
Thoms, Bryn
TI Methylation of Hg downstream from the Bonanza Hg mine, Oregon
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; IDRIJA MERCURY MINE; MICROBIAL
TRANSFORMATIONS; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; WASTE
CALCINE; METHYLMERCURY; SPECIATION; WATER; FISH
AB Speciation of Hg and conversion to methyl-Hg were evaluated in stream sediment, stream water, and aquatic snails collected downstream from the Bonanza Hg mine, Oregon. Total production from the Bonanza mine was > 1360 t of Hg, during mining from the late 1800s to 1960, ranking it as an intermediate sized Hg mine on an international scale. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution, transport, and methylation of Hg downstream from a Hg mine in a coastal temperate climatic zone. Data shown here for methyl-Hg, a neurotoxin hazardous to humans, are the first reported for sediment and water from this area. Stream sediment collected from Foster Creek flowing downstream from the Bonanza mine contained elevated Hg concentrations that ranged from 590 to 71,000 ng/g, all of which (except the most distal sample) exceeded the probable effect concentration (PEC) of 1060 ng/g, the Hg concentration above which harmful effects are likely to be observed in sediment-dwelling organisms. Concentrations of methyl-Hg in stream sediment collected from Foster Creek varied from 11 to 62 ng/g and were highly elevated compared to regional baseline concentrations (0.11-0.82 ng/g) established in this study. Methyl-Hg concentrations in stream sediment collected in this study showed a significant correlation with total organic C (TOC, R-2 = 0.62), generally indicating increased methyl-Hg formation with increasing TOC in sediment. Isotopic-tracer methods indicated that several samples of Foster Creek sediment exhibited high rates of Hg-methylation. Concentrations of Hg in water collected downstream from the mine varied from 17 to 270 ng/L and were also elevated compared to baselines, but all were below the 770 ng/L Hg standard recommended by the USEPA to protect against chronic effects to aquatic wildlife. Concentrations of methyl-Hg in the water collected from Foster Creek ranged from 0.17 to 1.8 ng/L, which were elevated compared to regional baseline sites upstream and downstream from the mine that varied from < 0.02 to 0.22 ng/L. Aquatic snails collected downstream from the mine were elevated in Hg indicating significant bioavailability and uptake of Hg by these snails. Results for sediment and water indicated significant methyl-Hg formation in the ecosystem downstream from the Bonanza mine, which is enhanced by the temperate climate, high precipitation in the area, and high organic matter. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gray, John E.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hines, Mark E.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol Sci, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
[Krabbenhoft, David P.] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Thoms, Bryn] Oregon Dept Environm Qual, Eugene, OR 97401 USA.
RP Gray, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jgray@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey (USGS); University of Massachusetts-Lowell; Oregon
Department of Environmental Quality
FX This study was funded by the US Geological Survey (USGS), the University
of Massachusetts-Lowell, and the Oregon Department of Environmental
Quality. John Dewild (USGS) provided Hg and methyl-Hg analyses of
samples. Scott Grotheer and Travis Schmidt (USGS) identified the aquatic
snails. Carma San Juan (USGS) assisted with graphics and drafting. We
thank Suzette Morman and David Smith (USGS) and two anonymous reviewers
for Applied Geochemistry for constructive comments that helped to
improve the paper. Use of trade names is for descriptive purposes and
does not imply an endorsement by the USGS.
NR 66
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 27
IS 1
BP 106
EP 114
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.09.019
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 876LS
UT WOS:000299109600011
ER
PT J
AU Rissmann, C
Christenson, B
Werner, C
Leybourne, M
Cole, J
Gravley, D
AF Rissmann, Clinton
Christenson, Bruce
Werner, Cynthia
Leybourne, Matthew
Cole, Jim
Gravley, Darren
TI Surface heat flow and CO2 emissions within the Ohaaki hydrothermal
field, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; GEOTHERMAL AREA; ISLAND
VOLCANO; SOIL CO2; SYSTEM; CHEMISTRY; CALIFORNIA; EFFLUXES; RATES
AB Carbon dioxide emissions and heat flow have been determined from the Ohaaki hydrothermal field, Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), New Zealand following 20 a of production (116MW(e)). Soil CO2 degassing was quantified with 2663 CO2 flux measurements using the accumulation chamber method, and 2563 soil temperatures were measured and converted to equivalent heat flow (W m(-2)) using published soil temperature heat flow functions. Both CO2 flux and heat flow were analysed statistically and then modelled using 500 sequential Gaussian simulations. Forty subsoil CO2 gas samples were also analysed for stable C isotopes. Following 20 a of production, current CO2 emissions equated to 111 +/- 6.7 T/d. Observed heat flow was 70 +/- 6.4 MW, compared with a pre-production value of 122 MW. This 52MW reduction in surface heat flow is due to production-induced drying up of all alkali-Cl outflows (61.5 MW) and steamheated pools (8.6 MW) within the Ohaaki West thermal area (OHW). The drying up of all alkali-Cl outflows at Ohaaki means that the soil zone is now the major natural pathway of heat release from the hightemperature reservoir. On the other hand, a net gain in thermal ground heat flow of 18MW(from 25MW to 43.3 +/- 5 MW) at OHW is associated with permeability increases resulting from surface unit fracturing by production-induced ground subsidence. The Ohaaki East (OHE) thermal area showed no change in distribution of shallow and deep soil temperature contours despite 20 a of production, with an observed heat flow of 26.7 +/- 3 MW and a CO2 emission rate of 39 +/- 3 T/d. The negligible change in the thermal status of the OHE thermal area is attributed to the low permeability of the reservoir beneath this area, which has limited production (mass extraction) and sheltered the area from the pressure decline within the main reservoir. Chemistry suggests that although alkali-Cl outflows once contributed significantly to the natural surface heat flow (similar to 50%) they contributed little (< 1%) to pre-production CO2 emissions due to the loss of > 99% of the original CO2 content due to depressurisation and boiling as the fluids ascended to the surface. Consequently, the soil has persisted as the major (99%) pathway of CO2 release to the atmosphere from the high temperature reservoir at Ohaaki. The CO2 flux and heat flow surveys indicate that despite 20 a of production the variability in location, spatial extent and magnitude of CO2 flux remains consistent with established geochemical and geophysical models of the Ohaaki Field. At both OHW and OHE carbon isotopic analyses of soil gas indicate a two-stage fractionation process for moderate- flux (> 60 g m-2 d-1) sites; boiling during fluid ascent within the underlying reservoir and isotopic enrichment as CO2 diffuses through porous media of the soil zone. For high-flux sites (> 300 g m(-2) d(-1)), the d (CO2)-C-13 signature (-7.4 +/- 0.3% OHW and -6.5 +/- 0.6% OHE) is unaffected by near-surface (soil zone) fractionation processes and reflects the composition of the boiled magmatic CO2 source for each respective upflow.
Flux thresholds of < 30 g m(-2) d(-1) for purely diffusive gas transport, between 30 and 300 g m(-2) d(-1) for combined diffusive-advective transport, and P300 g m(-2) d(-1) for purely advective gas transport at Ohaaki wre assigned. delta(CO2)-C-13 values and cumulative probability plots of CO2 flux data both identified a threshold of similar to 15 g m(-2) d(-1) by which background (atmospheric and soil respired) CO2 may be differentiated from hydrothermal CO2. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rissmann, Clinton; Cole, Jim; Gravley, Darren] Univ Canterbury, Dept Geol Sci, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.
[Christenson, Bruce] GNS Sci, Natl Isotope Ctr, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
[Werner, Cynthia] Cascades Volcano Observ, USGS, Vancouver, WA USA.
RP Rissmann, C (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Dept Geol Sci, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.
EM clinton.rissmann@ES.govt.nz
OI Leybourne, Matthew/0000-0002-2361-6014
FU Contact Energy; Mason Trust of University of Canterbury
FX We thank the staff of the geothermal group at Contact Energy for access
to the Ohaaki Field, logistical and field support and for critical
review. Likewise we thank the staff of Wairakei GNS who donated
generously of their time and experience and also aided in the
maintenance and lease of field equipment, and provided access to
detailed cross-sections and historical reports. We acknowledge Deborah
Bergfeld and an anonymous party whose reviews greatly improved the
quality of this manuscript. Likewise Jerry Fairley, Steve Ingebritsen
and Peter Kelly are gratefully acknowledged for comments and technical
suggestions. Field assistance was provided by C. Rigg, M. Hughes, P.
Chisholm, M. Ohnacker, and M. Fookes. The majority of funding for this
project was provided by Contact Energy, with additional support from the
Mason Trust Fund of the University of Canterbury.
NR 65
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U1 0
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 27
IS 1
BP 223
EP 239
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.10.006
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 876LS
UT WOS:000299109600022
ER
PT J
AU Asta, MP
Nordstrom, DK
McCleskey, RB
AF Asta, Maria P.
Nordstrom, D. Kirk
McCleskey, R. Blaine
TI Simultaneous oxidation of arsenic and antimony at low and circumneutral
pH, with and without microbial catalysis
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; IBERIAN PYRITE BELT; ANODIC-STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY;
SW SPAIN; NATURAL ATTENUATION; PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDATION; GEOCHEMICAL
CONTROLS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; WATER SAMPLES; ODIEL RIVERS
AB Arsenic and Sb are common mine-water pollutants and their toxicity and fate are strongly influenced by redox processes. In this study, simultaneous Fe(II), As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation experiments were conducted to obtain rates under laboratory conditions similar to those found in the field for mine waters of both low and circumneutral pH. Additional experiments were performed under abiotic sterile conditions to determine the biotic and abiotic contributions to the oxidation processes. The results showed that under abiotic conditions in aerated Fe(III)-H2SO4 solutions, Sb(III) oxidizes slightly faster than As(III). The oxidation rates of both elements were accelerated by increasing As(III), Sb(III), Fe(III), and Cl concentrations in the presence of light. For unfiltered circumneutral water from the Giant Mine (Yellowknife, NWT, Canada), As(III) oxidized at 15-78 mu mol/L/h whereas Sb(III) oxidized at 0.03-0.05 mu mol/L/h during microbial exponential growth. In contrast, As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation rates of 0.01-0.03 and 0.01-0.02 mu mol/L/h, respectively, were obtained in experiments performed with acid unfiltered mine waters from the Iberian Pyritic Belt (SW Spain). These results suggest that the Fe(III) formed from microbial oxidation abiotically oxidized As(III) and Sb(III). After sterile filtration of both mine water samples, neither As(III), Sb(III), nor Fe(II) oxidation was observed. Hence, under the experimental conditions, bacteria were catalyzing As and Sb oxidation in the Giant Mine waters and Fe oxidation in the acid waters of the Iberian Pyrite Belt. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Asta, Maria P.] Univ Calif Merced, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA.
[Nordstrom, D. Kirk; McCleskey, R. Blaine] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Asta, MP (reprint author), Univ Calif Merced, Sch Nat Sci, 5200 N Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343 USA.
EM masta@ucmerced.edu
FU Spanish Government [REN 2003-09590-C04-02]
FX This research was partially funded by the Project REN 2003-09590-C04-02
from the Spanish Government. MPA was financially supported by the
Spanish Government with a Ph.D. fellowship. We wish to express our
gratitude to Javier Sanchez-Espana of the Instituto Geologico y Minero
de Espana (IGME) for providing the Iberian Pyritic Belt field samples
and to Prof. Heather Jamieson, the Giant Mine staff, and the Department
of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada for the opportunity to obtain
microbial biofilm from the Giant Mine. We thank Patricia Acero and Kate
Campbell for their constructive comments during the preparation and
review of this manuscript. We are grateful to Dr. Nat Wilson and an
anonymous reviewer, to Associate Editor Jenny Webster-Brown and to
Executive Editor Ron Fuge for their insightful comments. Any use of
trade, product, industry, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 96
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 27
IS 1
BP 281
EP 291
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.09.002
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 876LS
UT WOS:000299109600027
ER
PT J
AU Conaway, CH
Swarzenski, PW
Cohen, AS
AF Conaway, Christopher H.
Swarzenski, Peter W.
Cohen, Andrew S.
TI Recent paleorecords document rising mercury contamination in Lake
Tanganyika
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTHROPOGENIC ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; DISSOLVED GASEOUS MERCURY;
ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; PALEOLIMNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS; EAST-AFRICA;
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; GOLD; EMISSIONS; TANZANIA; BIOMASS
AB Recent Lake Tanganyika Hg deposition records were derived using C-14 and excess Pb-210 geochronometers in sediment cores collected from two contrasting depositional environments: the Kalya Platform, located mid-lake and more removed from watershed impacts, and the Nyasanga/Kahama River delta region, located close to the lake's shoreline north of Kigoma. At the Kalya Platform area, pre-industrial Hg concentrations are 23 +/- 0.2 ng/g, increasing to 74 ng/g in modern surface sediment, and the Hg accumulation rate has increased from 1.0 to 7.2 mu g/m(2)/a from pre-industrial to present, which overall represents a 6-fold increase in Hg concentration and accumulation. At the Nyasanga/Kahama delta region, pre-industrial Hg concentrations are 20 +/- 3 ng/g, increasing to 46 ng/g in surface sediment. Mercury accumulation rate has increased from 30 to 70 mu g/m(2)/a at this site, representing a 2-3-fold increase in Hg concentration and accumulation. There is a lack of correlation between charcoal abundance and Hg accumulation rate in the sediment cores, demonstrating that local biomass burning has little relationship with the observed Hg concentration or Hg accumulation rates. Examined using a sediment focusing-corrected mass accumulation rate approach, the cores have similar anthropogenic atmospheric Hg deposition profiles, suggesting that after accounting for background sediment concentrations the source of accumulating Hg is predominantly atmospheric in origin. In summary, the data document an increase of Hg flux to the Lake Tanganyika ecosystem that is consistent with increasing watershed sediment delivery with background-level Hg contamination, and regional as well as global increases in atmospheric Hg deposition. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Conaway, Christopher H.; Swarzenski, Peter W.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Cohen, Andrew S.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Conaway, CH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM cconaway@usgs.gov
RI Conaway, Christopher/I-1077-2012
FU UNDP-GEF; NSF [ATM 0223920, BIO 0383765]
FX Mercury analyses were conducted at Russ Flegal's laboratory at the
University of California Santa Cruz. PWS graciously acknowledges
continued support from the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program.
Geochronologies and mass sedimentation rates on core LT-98-58 were
determined by Brent A. McKee and others. We thank James Russell, Chris
Johnson and Jessica Tierney for providing data and assistance on lake
sediment core MC1. We thank Kiram Lezzar, James McGill and the students
of the Nyanza Project for assistance with core collection. The Tanzania
Fisheries Research Institute and the Tanzanian Council of Science and
Technology authorized and facilitated core collection. The Lake
Tanganyika Biodiversity Project (UNDP-GEF) and the Nyanza Project
(NSF-ATM 0223920 and BIO 0383765) provided funding for field research.
Manuscript comments were provided by USGS reviewers Geoffrey Ellis,
Peter Van Metre and John E. Gray.
NR 51
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U1 2
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 27
IS 1
BP 352
EP 359
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.11.005
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 876LS
UT WOS:000299109600033
ER
PT J
AU Revesz, KM
Breen, KJ
Baldassare, AJ
Burruss, RC
AF Revesz, Kinga M.
Breen, Kevin J.
Baldassare, Alfred J.
Burruss, Robert C.
TI Carbon and hydrogen isotopic evidence for the origin of combustible
gases in water-supply wells in north-central Pennsylvania (vol 25, pg
1845, 2010)
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Correction
ID NATURAL GASES; APPALACHIAN BASIN; METHANE OXIDATION; FRACTIONATION;
ETHANE
C1 [Revesz, Kinga M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Breen, Kevin J.] US Geol Survey, Penn Water Sci Ctr, New Cumberland, PA 17070 USA.
[Baldassare, Alfred J.] Penn Dept Environm Protect, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA.
[Burruss, Robert C.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 328, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Revesz, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM krevesz@usgs.gov; kjbreen@usgs.gov
NR 50
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Z9 0
U1 1
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 27
IS 1
BP 360
EP 375
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.12.003
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 876LS
UT WOS:000299109600034
ER
PT J
AU Olsson, AD
Betancourt, J
McClaran, MP
Marsh, SE
AF Olsson, Aaryn D.
Betancourt, Julio
McClaran, Mitchel P.
Marsh, Stuart E.
TI Sonoran Desert Ecosystem transformation by a C4 grass without the
grass/fire cycle
SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Biological invasions; Buffelgrass; Cenchrus ciliaris; change point
analysis; chronosequence; invasive species; Pennisetum ciliare;
regression; succession
ID TROPICAL DRY FOREST; CENCHRUS-CILIARIS; SPECIES RICHNESS;
MELINIS-MINUTIFLORA; PASTURE DEVELOPMENT; EXOTIC GRASSES; INVASIVE
GRASS; FIRE CYCLE; VEGETATION; IMPACT
AB Aim Biological invasions facilitate ecosystem transformation by altering the structure and function, diversity, dominance and disturbance regimes. A classic case is the grassfire cycle in which grass invasion increases the frequency, scale and/or intensity of wildfires and promotes the continued invasion of invasive grasses. Despite wide acceptance of the grassfire cycle, questions linger about the relative roles that interspecific plant competition and fire play in ecosystem transformations.
Location Sonoran Desert Arizona Upland of the Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona, USA.
Methods We measured species cover, density and saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) size structure along gradients of Pennisetum ciliare invasion at 10 unburned/ungrazed P. ciliare patches. Regression models quantified differences in diversity, cover and density with respect to P. ciliare cover, and residence time and a Fisher's exact test detected demographic changes in saguaro populations. Because P. ciliare may have initially invaded locations that were both more invasible and less diverse, we ran analyses with and without the plots in which initial infestations were located.
Results Richness and diversity decreased with P. ciliare cover as did cover and density of most dominant species. Richness and diversity declined with increasing time since invasion, suggesting an ongoing transformation. The proportion of old-to-young Carnegiea gigantea was significantly lower in plots with dominant P. ciliare cover.
Main conclusions Rich desert scrub (15-25 species per plot) was transformed into depauperate grassland (2-5 species per plot) within 20 years following P. ciliare invasion without changes to the fire regime. While the onset of a grass-fire cycle may drive ecosystem change in the later stages and larger scales of grass invasions of arid lands, competition by P. ciliare can drive small-scale transformations earlier in the invasion. Linking competition-induced transformation rates with spatially explicit models of spread may be necessary for predicting landscape-level impacts on ecosystem processes in advance of a grass-fire cycle.
C1 [Olsson, Aaryn D.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Olsson, Aaryn D.; McClaran, Mitchel P.; Marsh, Stuart E.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Betancourt, Julio] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Olsson, AD (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, POB 5694, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM aaryno@gmail.com
FU USDA-ERS [58-7000-6-0083]; Pima County; DS-CESU [AZDS-223]
FX ADO thanks the numerous friends, family and colleagues who assisted with
fieldwork, including PJD, EKD, LJK, JFO, DLL, JNL, JDM, CH, TC, and CH.
BJO, GMC, TB and SB helped with experimental design. USGS (JLB)
purchased much of the imagery for this project. Additional imagery was
provided freely by Pima Association of Governments and the Arizona
Regional Image Archive (http://aria.arizona.edu). This project was
partially funded by USDA-ERS Grant # 58-7000-6-0083, while the aerial
mapping was funded by Pima County and DS-CESU Grant # AZDS-223. Thanks
to TB and TH, as well as three anonymous reviewers who greatly improved
the manuscript.
NR 49
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Z9 34
U1 7
U2 56
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1366-9516
J9 DIVERS DISTRIB
JI Divers. Distrib.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 18
IS 1
BP 10
EP 21
DI 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00825.x
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 857CW
UT WOS:000297693300002
ER
PT J
AU Bouabdellah, M
Sangster, DF
Leach, DL
Brown, AC
Johnson, CA
Emsbo, P
AF Bouabdellah, Mohammed
Sangster, Donald F.
Leach, David L.
Brown, Alex C.
Johnson, Craig A.
Emsbo, Poul
TI Genesis of the Touissit-Bou Beker Mississippi Valley-Type District
(Morocco-Algeria) and Its Relationship to the Africa-Europe Collision
SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOCHEMICAL SULFATE REDUCTION; CL-BR SYSTEMATICS; FLUID INCLUSIONS;
NORTHEASTERN MOROCCO; MINERALIZING BRINES; ISOTOPIC VARIATIONS; OUJDA
MOUNTAINS; EASTERN MOROCCO; OUED-MEKTA; DEPOSITS
AB The Mississippi Valley-type deposits of the Touissit-Boii Beker district are hosted by a 25 in diick sequence of diagenetically and hydrothermally dolomitized carbonate plat fOrm rocks of Attlenian-Bajocian age. fide mineralization consists principally of galena and sphaleritc and occurs its open-space fillings of voids and moderate 10 massive replacement of the medium- to coarse-grained host dolostone. Five types of dolomite have been distinguished, two of winch (D(1), and D(2)) are of replacement origin, whereas HD(1), HD(2), HD(3) occm-ring tts Open-space filling itre of hydrothermal tffili tt on I till ore controls include strtitigrtiphy and lithology, carbonate (iissolution, paleogeography, faults or faulted rocks, and availability of organic matter.
Fluid inclusion data, along with Na-C1-Br leachatc, indicate that the ore-lOrtning fluids correspond to evolved NaCl-CaCl(2)-KCl-MgCl(2) basin-derived hot (100 degrees +/- 20 degrees C) saline brines (>20 wt % NaCl equiv) that acquired their higli salinities and Ca/Na ratios through evaporation of seawater, tun' subse(pielit dolomitization and fluid-rock interactions. Stable isotope data fOr replacement :cud hydrothermal dolomites are tightly clustered and overlapping, with 6180 imd. 613 degrees C values from 20.5 to 21.2 and 0.2 to 0.7 parts per thousand, respectively. Similarly, sulfides yield 634S values between 11.2 and 1.9%0, W1 IC reati those corresponding to the nearby Triassic g)7psum chister yield around 14%o. Altogether, these isotopic compositions are consistent with a hasinal-type Ilind with reduced sulfur very likely being derived through thermochemical reduction of dissolved sulfate, resulting ni metal precipitation, and carbon of mainly marine Aalenian-Bajocian carbonate origin with a minor biogenic component.
(87)Sr/(86)Sr values of replacement dolostone arc similar to those of ore-related hydrothermal dolomites, ranging from 0.70746 to 0.70833 and from 0.70769 to 0,70828, respectively, and are different from those of the Viscan rhvodacite (0.71849-0.72167). Lead isotope ratios ((206)Pb/(204)Pb) = 18.319-18.390, (207)Pb(204)Ph = 15.620-15.680; Pb = 38.4,52-38.650) of sulfides are consistent with Ph being derived from the Visean rhyoditeite and associated volcaniclastic rocks. The intimate link between faults and mineralization suggests the strong possibility of brine ling regitnial-scale fttults tind N \\I-SW -trending local-settleow dung faults. The data suggest that MVT mineralization was emplaced during the late Neogene-Quaternary (i.e., ca. 15-1) Ma), possibly as a result of subsurface gravity-driven fluid flow in response to the collision between the African and Eurasian plates.
C1 [Bouabdellah, Mohammed] Fac Sci, Dept Geol, Lab Mineral Deposits Hydrogeol & Environm, Oujda 60000, Morocco.
[Sangster, Donald F.] Geol Survey Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada.
[Leach, David L.; Johnson, Craig A.; Emsbo, Poul] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Brown, Alex C.] Ecole Polytech, Dept Civil Geol & Min Engn, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada.
RP Bouabdellah, M (reprint author), Fac Sci, Dept Geol, Lab Mineral Deposits Hydrogeol & Environm, BP 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco.
EM mbouanbdellah2002@yahoo.fr
FU Touissit Mining Company (CMT); Programme d'Appui a la Recherche
Scientifique of Morocco [PROTARS II/P23/33]; NATO [EST. CLG.979371]
FX Recent funding For this research has been provided by the Touissit
Mining Company (CMT), by grants from the Programme d'Appui a la
Recherche Scientifique of Morocco (PROTARS II/P23/33), and by an NATO
Fellowship (EST. CLG.979371) and a Fulbright Postdoctoral Fellowship
awarded to the first author.
NR 85
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 12
PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC
PI LITTLETON
PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA
SN 0361-0128
J9 ECON GEOL
JI Econ. Geol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 107
IS 1
BP 117
EP 146
PG 30
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 871ZU
UT WOS:000298777000006
ER
PT J
AU Iwanowicz, LR
Blazer, VS
Hitt, NP
McCormick, SD
DeVault, DS
Ottinger, CA
AF Iwanowicz, Luke R.
Blazer, Vicki S.
Hitt, Nathaniel P.
McCormick, Stephen D.
DeVault, David S.
Ottinger, Christopher A.
TI Histologic, immunologic and endocrine biomarkers indicate contaminant
effects in fishes of the Ashtabula River
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Immunomodulation; Endocrine disruption; Bullhead; Bass; Great Lakes;
Area of Concern; Ashtabula River; Northeastern Ohio
ID BULLHEAD AMEIURUS-NEBULOSUS; SOLE PLEURONECTES VETULUS; BENEFICIAL USE
IMPAIRMENT; NATURAL CYTOTOXIC-CELL; LAKE ERIE TRIBUTARIES; CARP
CYPRINUS-CARPIO; BROWN BULLHEAD; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL;
FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; ICTALURUS-NEBULOSUS
AB The use of fish as sentinels of aquatic ecosystem health is a biologically relevant approach to environmental monitoring and assessment. We examined the health of the Ashtabula River using histologic, immunologic, and endocrine biomarkers in brown bullhead (BB; Ameiurus nebulosus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and compared fish collected from a reference site (Conneaut Creek). Seasonal analysis was necessary to distinguish differences in fish between the two rivers. Overall BB from the Ashtabula River had a lower condition factor and significantly more macrophage aggregates than those from the reference site. Reduced bactericidal and cytotoxic-cell activity was observed in anterior kidney leukocytes from both BB and largemouth bass from the Ashtabula River. Lower plasma thyroxine and triiodo-l-thyronine in both species in the Ashtabula River indicated disruption of the thyroid axis. Differences in physiological biomarker responses were supported by body burden chemical concentrations when data were analyzed on a seasonal basis. The use of two fish species added a level of rigor that demonstrated biological effects were not exclusive to a single species. The results provide strong evidence that contaminants have affected fish in the Ashtabula River, a Great Lakes Area of Concern, and provide a baseline by which to evaluate remediation activities.
C1 [Iwanowicz, Luke R.; Blazer, Vicki S.; Ottinger, Christopher A.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Fish Hlth Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Hitt, Nathaniel P.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[McCormick, Stephen D.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA USA.
[DeVault, David S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ft Snelling, MN 55111 USA.
RP Iwanowicz, LR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Fish Hlth Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM liwanowicz@usgs.gov
OI Ottinger, Christopher/0000-0003-2551-1985; Iwanowicz,
Luke/0000-0002-1197-6178
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This study was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S.
Geological Survey fisheries Program. We appreciate the help of Paul
Baumann, Beth Frankenberry, Deborah Iwanowicz, Kathy Spring, Darlene
Bowling, and Amy Regish for their field and laboratory assistance. We
thank Greg Weber of the USDA National Center for Cool and Coldwater
Aquaculture (Leetown, WV, USA) for permitting us to use their facility
for sex steroid analysis. We also thank Christine Densmore, Fred Pinkney
and Charlie Rice for providing constructive reviews of this manuscript
prior to submission. Use of trade name is for identification purposes
and does not imply their endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 108
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U1 1
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
EI 1573-3017
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 21
IS 1
BP 165
EP 182
DI 10.1007/s10646-011-0776-0
PG 18
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 874ZF
UT WOS:000298996900018
PM 21882039
ER
PT J
AU Sun, WD
Ling, MX
Chung, SL
Ding, X
Yang, XY
Liang, HY
Fan, WM
Goldfarb, R
Yin, QZ
AF Sun, Wei-Dong
Ling, Ming-Xing
Chung, Sun-Lin
Ding, Xing
Yang, Xiao-Yong
Liang, Hua-Ying
Fan, Wei-Ming
Goldfarb, Richard
Yin, Qing-Zhu
TI Geochemical Constraints on Adakites of Different Origins and Copper
Mineralization
SO JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CALC-ALKALINE MAGMATISM; EARLY CONTINENTAL-CRUST; NIOBIUM-TANTALUM
FRACTIONATION; PRESSURE METAMORPHIC ROCKS; SUBDUCTED OCEANIC-CRUST;
NORTHERN DABIE COMPLEX; THICKENED LOWER CRUST; EASTERN MANUS BASIN;
CENTRAL CHINA; ARC MAGMAS
AB The petrogenesis of adakites holds important clues to the formation of the continental crust and copper +/- gold porphyry mineralization. However, it remains highly debated as to whether adakites form by slab melting, by partial melting of the lower continental crust, or by fractional crystallization of normal arc magmas. Here, we show that to form adakitic signature, partial melting of a subducting oceanic slab would require high pressure at depths of >50 km, whereas partial melting of the lower continental crust would require the presence of plagioclase and thus shallower depths and additional water. These two types of adakites can be discriminated using geochemical indexes. Compiled data show that adakites from circum-Pacific regions, which have close affinity to subduction of young hot oceanic plate, can be clearly discriminated from adakites from the Dabie Mountains and the Tibetan Plateau, which have been attributed to partial melting of continental crust, in Sr/Y-versus-La/Yb diagram. Given that oceanic crust has copper concentrations about two times higher than those in the continental crust, whereas the high oxygen fugacity in the subduction environment promotes the release of copper during partial melting, slab melting provides the most efficient mechanism to concentrate copper and gold; slab melts would be more than two times greater in copper (and also gold) concentrations than lower continental crust melts and normal arc magmas. Thus, identification of slab melt adakites is important for predicting exploration targets for copper- and gold-porphyry ore deposits. This explains the close association of ridge subduction with large porphyry copper deposits because ridge subduction is the most favorable place for slab melting.
C1 [Sun, Wei-Dong; Liang, Hua-Ying] Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, Key Lab Mineral & Metallogeny, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China.
[Ling, Ming-Xing; Ding, Xing; Fan, Wei-Ming] Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Isotope Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China.
[Chung, Sun-Lin] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Geosci, Taipei 10699, Taiwan.
[Yang, Xiao-Yong] Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Res Ctr Mineral Resources, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
[Goldfarb, Richard] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Yin, Qing-Zhu] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Sun, WD (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, Key Lab Mineral & Metallogeny, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China.
EM weidongsun@gig.ac.cn
RI Yin, Qing-Zhu/B-8198-2009; Sun, Weidong/F-8482-2010; Chung,
Sun-Lin/F-5559-2010; Ling, Ming-Xing/B-2506-2013; Chung,
Sun-Lin/F-9574-2015;
OI Yin, Qing-Zhu/0000-0002-4445-5096; CHUNG, SUN-LIN/0000-0002-5362-4496
FU Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) [KZCX1-YW-15]; Natural Science
Foundation of China [41090374, 40525010]; CAS/State Administration of
Foreign Experts Affairs
FX d The contribution is supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS;
KZCX1-YW-15), the Natural Science Foundation of China (41090374,
40525010), and the CAS/State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs
International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams. This is
contribution IS-1389 from the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, CAS.
NR 114
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Z9 52
U1 4
U2 48
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1376
J9 J GEOL
JI J. Geol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 120
IS 1
BP 105
EP 120
DI 10.1086/662736
PG 16
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 878PX
UT WOS:000299270100007
ER
PT J
AU Blum, MJ
Bagley, MJ
Walters, DM
Jackson, SA
Daniel, FB
Chaloud, DJ
Cade, BS
AF Blum, Michael J.
Bagley, Mark J.
Walters, David M.
Jackson, Suzanne A.
Daniel, F. Bernard
Chaloud, Deborah J.
Cade, Brian S.
TI Genetic diversity and species diversity of stream fishes covary across a
land-use gradient
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Species-genetic diversity correlation; Environmental assessment;
Environmental filtering; Central stoneroller; Campostoma
ID CAMPOSTOMA-ANOMALUM; GRASSLAND COMMUNITIES; CENTRAL STONEROLLER;
MICROSATELLITE DATA; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; RIVER-BASIN; BIODIVERSITY;
CONSERVATION; ASSEMBLAGES; DYNAMICS
AB Genetic diversity and species diversity are expected to covary according to area and isolation, but may not always covary with environmental heterogeneity. In this study, we examined how patterns of genetic and species diversity in stream fishes correspond to local and regional environmental conditions. To do so, we compared population size, genetic diversity and divergence in central stonerollers (Campostoma anomalum) to measures of species diversity and turnover in stream fish assemblages among similarly sized watersheds across an agriculture-forest land-use gradient in the Little Miami River basin (Ohio, USA). Significant correlations were found in many, but not all, pair-wise comparisons. Allelic richness and species richness were strongly correlated, for example, but diversity measures based on allele frequencies and assemblage structure were not. In-stream conditions related to agricultural land use were identified as significant predictors of genetic diversity and species diversity. Comparisons to population size indicate, however, that genetic diversity and species diversity are not necessarily independent and that variation also corresponds to watershed location and glaciation history in the drainage basin. Our findings demonstrate that genetic diversity and species diversity can covary in stream fish assemblages, and illustrate the potential importance of scaling observations to capture responses to hierarchical environmental variation. More comparisons according to life history variation could further improve understanding of conditions that give rise to parallel variation in genetic diversity and species diversity, which in turn could improve diagnosis of anthropogenic influences on aquatic ecosystems.
C1 [Blum, Michael J.] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
[Blum, Michael J.; Bagley, Mark J.; Walters, David M.; Jackson, Suzanne A.; Daniel, F. Bernard] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Chaloud, Deborah J.; Cade, Brian S.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Chaloud, Deborah J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
RP Blum, MJ (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
EM mjblum@tulane.edu
RI Walters, David/I-4914-2012
FU US EPA [68D01048]; Sobran, Incorporated
FX We thank A. Roth, T. Goyke, T. Wessendarp, and S. Franson for their
assistance with preparing tissue samples for genetic analysis, and M.
Troyer and M. Griffith for providing access to fish assemblage and
physical habitat data. J. Darling, F. McCormick, A. Roy, and two
anonymous reviewers provided useful comments and editorial advice that
greatly improved this manuscript, and K. Blocksom assisted with
multivariate statistics. Field collections of specimens and water
samples were completed under US EPA contract # 68D01048 with Sobran,
Incorporated. Although this work was reviewed by US EPA and approved for
publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy.
NR 78
TC 17
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U1 5
U2 75
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 168
IS 1
BP 83
EP 95
DI 10.1007/s00442-011-2078-x
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 875TN
UT WOS:000299058100009
PM 21833642
ER
PT J
AU Wiley, AE
Welch, AJ
Ostrom, PH
James, HF
Stricker, CA
Fleischer, RC
Gandhi, H
Adams, J
Ainley, DG
Duvall, F
Holmes, N
Hu, DC
Judge, S
Penniman, J
Swindle, KA
AF Wiley, Anne E.
Welch, Andreanna J.
Ostrom, Peggy H.
James, Helen F.
Stricker, Craig A.
Fleischer, Robert C.
Gandhi, Hasand
Adams, Josh
Ainley, David G.
Duvall, Fern
Holmes, Nick
Hu, Darcy
Judge, Seth
Penniman, Jay
Swindle, Keith A.
TI Foraging segregation and genetic divergence between geographically
proximate colonies of a highly mobile seabird
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Gene flow; Niche segregation; Population ecology; Salt load; Stable
isotopes
ID STABLE-ISOTOPE RATIOS; NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; COMPLEX ORGANIC MATERIALS;
DARK-RUMPED PETREL; COMPARATIVE EQUILIBRATION; NONEXCHANGEABLE HYDROGEN;
TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS; LAYSAN ALBATROSSES; TROPICAL PACIFIC; MIGRATION
RATES
AB Foraging segregation may play an important role in the maintenance of animal diversity, and is a proposed mechanism for promoting genetic divergence within seabird species. However, little information exists regarding its presence among seabird populations. We investigated genetic and foraging divergence between two colonies of endangered Hawaiian petrels (Pterodroma sandwichensis) nesting on the islands of Hawaii and Kauai using the mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene and carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen isotope values (delta(13)C, delta(15)N and delta D, respectively) of feathers. Genetic analyses revealed strong differentiation between colonies on Hawaii and Kauai, with I broken vertical bar(ST) = 0.50 (p < 0.0001). Coalescent-based analyses gave estimates of < 1 migration event per 1,000 generations. Hatch-year birds from Kauai had significantly lower delta(13)C and delta(15)N values than those from Hawaii. This is consistent with Kauai birds provisioning chicks with prey derived from near or north of the Hawaiian Islands, and Hawaii birds provisioning young with prey from regions of the equatorial Pacific characterized by elevated delta(15)N values at the food web base. delta(15)N values of Kauai and Hawaii adults differed significantly, indicating additional foraging segregation during molt. Feather delta D varied from -69 to 53aEuro degrees. This variation cannot be related solely to an isotopically homogeneous ocean water source or evaporative water loss. Instead, we propose the involvement of salt gland excretion. Our data demonstrate the presence of foraging segregation between proximately nesting seabird populations, despite high species mobility. This ecological diversity may facilitate population coexistence, and its preservation should be a focus of conservation strategies.
C1 [Wiley, Anne E.; Ostrom, Peggy H.; Gandhi, Hasand] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Welch, Andreanna J.; Fleischer, Robert C.] Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC USA.
[Welch, Andreanna J.] Univ Maryland, Behav Ecol Evolut & Systemat Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[James, Helen F.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Adams, Josh] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Ainley, David G.] HT Harvey & Associates, Los Gatos, CA USA.
[Duvall, Fern] Hawaii Dept Land & Nat Resources, Div Forestry & Wildlife, Wailuku, HI USA.
[Holmes, Nick] Univ Hawaii, Kauai Endangered Seabird Recovery Project, Pacific Cooperat Studies Unit, Waimea, HI USA.
[Hu, Darcy] Natl Pk Serv, Pacific W Reg Off, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Judge, Seth] Univ Hawaii, Pacific Cooperat Studies Unit, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Penniman, Jay] Univ Hawaii, Pacific Cooperat Studies Unit, Maui Nui Seabird Recovery Project, Haiku, HI USA.
[Swindle, Keith A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP Wiley, AE (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, 203 Nat Sci Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM wileyann@msu.edu
FU Center for Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics at the Smithsonian
Institution's National Zoo; National Science Foundation [DEB-0745604,
DEB-0940338]; Smithsonian Institution; National Zoological Park
FX We would like to thank Hawaii Volcanoes National Park and Bernice P.
Bishop Museum for access to samples. We also thank Megan Spitzer and
Christina Gebhard for collecting samples at the National Museum of
Natural History, Cayce Gulbransen of the U.S. Geological Survey for
making hydrogen isotope measurements, Jon Beadell for initial genetic
analyses, and members of the Center for Conservation and Evolutionary
Genetics at the Smithsonian Institution's National Zoo, including Nancy
Rotzel, for logistical laboratory support. We also thank Barbara
Lundrigan and Michigan State University Museum for providing access to
their reference collections, and John Farrell for access to sediment
core isotope data. We further thank Hannah Nevins of Oikonos for
co-leading seabird necropsy workshops that enabled efficient sample
acquisition and coordination. Funding for this work was generously
provided by the National Science Foundation (DEB-0745604 and
DEB-0940338), the Smithsonian Institution's Walcott Fund, and the
National Zoological Park's Fellowship Program. The use of any trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 91
TC 28
Z9 30
U1 3
U2 55
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 168
IS 1
BP 119
EP 130
DI 10.1007/s00442-011-2085-y
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 875TN
UT WOS:000299058100012
PM 21837410
ER
PT J
AU Coupe, RH
Kalkhoff, SJ
Capel, PD
Gregoire, C
AF Coupe, Richard H.
Kalkhoff, Stephen J.
Capel, Paul D.
Gregoire, Caroline
TI Fate and transport of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in
surface waters of agricultural basins
SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE glyphosate; AMPA; runoff; surface water; subsurface drainage; load
ID RESISTANT CROPS; RIVER-BASIN; HERBICIDES; PESTICIDES; BEHAVIOR; STREAMS;
SOILS; IOWA; ADSORPTION; CATCHMENT
AB BACKGROUND: Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] is a herbicide used widely throughout the world in the production of many crops and is heavily used on soybeans, corn and cotton. Glyphosate is used in almost all agricultural areas of the United States, and the agricultural use of glyphosate has increased from less than 10 000 Mg in 1992 to more than 80 000 Mg in 2007. The greatest intensity of glyphosate use is in the midwestern United States, where applications are predominantly to genetically modified corn and soybeans. In spite of the increase in usage across the United States, the characterization of the transport of glyphosate and its degradate aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) on a watershed scale is lacking.
RESULTS: Glyphosate and AMPA were frequently detected in the surface waters of four agricultural basins. The frequency and magnitude of detections varied across basins, and the load, as a percentage of use, ranged from 0.009 to 0.86% and could be related to three general characteristics: source strength, rainfall runoff and flow route.
CONCLUSIONS: Glyphosate use in a watershed results in some occurrence in surface water; however, the watersheds most at risk for the offsite transport of glyphosate are those with high application rates, rainfall that results in overland runoff and a flow route that does not include transport through the soil. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
C1 [Coupe, Richard H.] US Geol Survey, Pearl, MS USA.
[Kalkhoff, Stephen J.] US Geol Survey, Iowa City, IA USA.
[Capel, Paul D.] US Geol Survey, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Gregoire, Caroline] Natl Sch Water & Environm Engn, Strasbourg, France.
RP Coupe, RH (reprint author), 308 S Airport Rd, Pearl, MS 39208 USA.
EM rhcoupe@usgs.gov
OI Kalkhoff, Stephen/0000-0003-4110-1716
NR 41
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 7
U2 84
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1526-498X
J9 PEST MANAG SCI
JI Pest Manag. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 68
IS 1
BP 16
EP 30
DI 10.1002/ps.2212
PG 15
WC Agronomy; Entomology
SC Agriculture; Entomology
GA 869HU
UT WOS:000298589800004
PM 21681915
ER
PT J
AU Rayburn, JA
Cronin, TM
Franzi, DA
Knuepfer, PLK
Willard, DA
AF Rayburn, John A.
Cronin, Thomas M.
Franzi, David A.
Knuepfer, Peter L. K.
Willard, Debra A.
TI Timing and duration of North American glacial lake discharges and the
Younger Dryas climate reversal (vol 75, pg 541, 2011)
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Rayburn, John A.] SUNY Coll New Paltz, Dept Geol Sci, New Paltz, NY 12561 USA.
[Cronin, Thomas M.; Willard, Debra A.] 926A US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Franzi, David A.] SUNY Coll Plattsburgh, Ctr Earth & Environm Sci, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 USA.
[Knuepfer, Peter L. K.] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Geol Sci & Environm Studies, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
RP Rayburn, JA (reprint author), SUNY Coll New Paltz, Dept Geol Sci, New Paltz, NY 12561 USA.
EM rayburnj@newpaltz.edu
OI Rayburn, John/0000-0002-1721-5345
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 77
IS 1
BP 214
EP 214
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2011.09.008
PG 1
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 878GD
UT WOS:000299242600024
ER
PT J
AU Heinz, GH
Hoffman, DJ
Klimstra, JD
Stebbins, KR
Kondrad, SL
Erwin, CA
AF Heinz, Gary H.
Hoffman, David J.
Klimstra, Jon D.
Stebbins, Katherine R.
Kondrad, Shannon L.
Erwin, Carol A.
TI Hormesis Associated with a Low Dose of Methylmercury Injected into
Mallard Eggs
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COMMON LOONS; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; METHYL MERCURY; GAVIA-IMMER;
SURVIVAL; EXPOSURE; DUCKS
AB We injected mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) eggs with methylmercury chloride at doses of 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, and 6.4 mu g mercury/g egg contents on a wet-weight basis. A case of hormesis seemed to occur because hatching success of eggs injected with 0.05 mu g/g mercury (the lowest dose) was significantly greater (93.3%) than that of controls (72.6%), whereas hatching success decreased at progressively greater doses of mercury. Our finding of hormesis when a low dose of methylmercury was injected into eggs agrees with a similar observation in a study in which a group of female mallards was fed a low dietary concentration of methylmercury and hatching of their eggs was significantly better than that of controls. If methylmercury has a hormetic effect at low concentrations in avian eggs, these low concentrations may be important in a regulatory sense in that they may represent a no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL).
C1 [Heinz, Gary H.; Hoffman, David J.; Klimstra, Jon D.; Stebbins, Katherine R.; Kondrad, Shannon L.; Erwin, Carol A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Heinz, GH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC E, Bldg 308,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM gheinz@usgs.gov
FU CALFED [ERP-02D-C12]; United States Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife
Research Center
FX This research was funded by the CALFED Bay-Delta Program's Ecosystem
Restoration Program (grant no. ERP-02D-C12),with additional support from
the United States Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center.
We thank Donna Podger and Carol Adkins of the California Bay-Delta
Authority for help and project support. Steve Schwarzbach and Tom
Suchanek provided much appreciated guidance and support during the
development of the project, and Collin Eagles-Smithand Tom Maurer
handled much of the work with reports and budget matters. We thank Kevin
Brittingham, Michael Hammond, Michael Hoffman, and Dan Murray for help
in conducting the laboratory parts of the study. Use of trade, product,
or firm names does not imply endorsement by the United States
Government.
NR 22
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 62
IS 1
BP 141
EP 144
DI 10.1007/s00244-011-9680-0
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 868CP
UT WOS:000298501600016
PM 21604054
ER
PT J
AU Franson, JC
Lahner, LL
Meteyer, CU
Rattner, BA
AF Franson, J. Christian
Lahner, Lesanna L.
Meteyer, Carol U.
Rattner, Barnett A.
TI Copper Pellets Simulating Oral Exposure to Copper Ammunition: Absence of
Toxicity in American Kestrels (Falco sparverius)
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SWANS CYGNUS-OLOR; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; LEAD CONCENTRATIONS;
CALIFORNIA CONDORS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; ZINC TOXICOSIS; METALS; BIRDS;
METALLOTHIONEIN; INGESTION
AB To evaluate the potential toxicity of copper (Cu) in raptors that may consume Cu bullets, shotgun pellets containing Cu, or Cu fragments as they feed on wildlife carcasses, we studied the effects of metallic Cu exposure in a surrogate, the American kestrel (Falco sparverius). Sixteen kestrels were orally administered 5 mg Cu/g body mass in the form of Cu pellets (1.18-2.00 mm in diameter) nine times during 38 days and 10 controls were sham gavaged on the same schedule. With one exception, all birds retained the pellets for at least 1 h, but most (69%) regurgitated pellets during a 12-h monitoring period. Hepatic Cu concentrations were greater in kestrels administered Cu than in controls, but there was no difference in Cu concentrations in the blood between treated and control birds. Concentration of the metal-binding protein metallothionein was greater in male birds that received Cu than in controls, whereas concentrations in female birds that received Cu were similar to control female birds. Hepatic Cu and metallothionein concentrations in kestrels were significantly correlated. Histopathologic alterations were noted in the pancreas of four treated kestrels and two controls, but these changes were not associated with hepatic or renal Cu concentrations, and no lesions were seen in other tissues. No clinical signs were observed, and there was no treatment effect on body mass; concentrations of Cu, hemoglobin, or methemoglobin in the blood; or Cu concentrations in kidney, plasma biochemistries, or hematocrit. Based on the parameters we measured, ingested Cu pellets pose little threat to American kestrels (and presumably phylogenetically related species), although the retention time of pellets in the stomach was of relatively short duration. Birds expected to regurgitate Cu fragments with a frequency similar to kestrels are not likely to be adversely affected by Cu ingestion, but the results of our study do not completely rule out the potential for toxicity in species that might retain Cu fragments for a longer time.
C1 [Franson, J. Christian; Lahner, Lesanna L.; Meteyer, Carol U.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Rattner, Barnett A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Franson, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM jfranson@usgs.gov
NR 56
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 62
IS 1
BP 145
EP 153
DI 10.1007/s00244-011-9671-1
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 868CP
UT WOS:000298501600017
PM 21512804
ER
PT J
AU MacNulty, DR
Smith, DW
Mech, LD
Vucetich, JA
Packer, C
AF MacNulty, Daniel R.
Smith, Douglas W.
Mech, L. David
Vucetich, John A.
Packer, Craig
TI Nonlinear effects of group size on the success of wolves hunting elk
SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Canis lupus; carnivore; cooperation; free riding; group hunting; group
living; interference; predation; sociality; wolf
ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; WILD CHIMPANZEES; BEHAVIOR; LIONS; WOLF;
MODELS; PREDATION; SELECTION; CAPTURE; SPLINES
AB Despite the popular view that social predators live in groups because group hunting facilitates prey capture, the apparent tendency for hunting success to peak at small group sizes suggests that the formation of large groups is unrelated to prey capture. Few empirical studies, however, have tested for nonlinear relationships between hunting success and group size, and none have demonstrated why success trails off after peaking. Here, we use a unique dataset of observations of individually known wolves (Canis lupus) hunting elk (Cervus elaphus) in Yellowstone National Park to show that the relationship between success and group size is indeed nonlinear and that individuals withholding effort (free riding) is why success does not increase across large group sizes. Beyond 4 wolves, hunting success leveled off, and individual performance (a measure of effort) decreased for reasons unrelated to interference from inept hunters, individual age, or size. But performance did drop faster among wolves with an incentive to hold back, i.e., nonbreeders with no dependent offspring, those performing dangerous predatory tasks, i.e., grabbing and restraining prey, and those in groups of proficient hunters. These results suggest that decreasing performance was free riding and that was why success leveled off in groups with > 4 wolves that had superficially appeared to be cooperating. This is the first direct evidence that nonlinear trends in group hunting success reflect a switch from cooperation to free riding. It also highlights how hunting success per se is unlikely to promote formation and maintenance of large groups.
C1 [MacNulty, Daniel R.; Packer, Craig] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Smith, Douglas W.] Natl Pk Serv, Yellowstone Ctr Resources, Yellowstone Natl Pk, WY 82190 USA.
[Mech, L. David] US Geol Survey, No Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Vucetich, John A.] Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
RP MacNulty, DR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM dan.macnulty@usu.edu
RI MacNulty, Dan/L-3965-2016
FU National Science Foundation, Canon USA [DEB-0613730]; National
Geographic Society; Yellowstone Park Foundation; U.S. Geological Survey;
Annie Graham of Tapeats Foundation; Patagonia, Inc.; Frank and Kay
Yeager; Masterfoods; Marc McCurry
FX National Science Foundation (DEB-0613730), Canon USA; National
Geographic Society; Yellowstone Park Foundation; U.S. Geological Survey,
an anonymous donor; Annie Graham of Tapeats Foundation, Frank and Kay
Yeager, Masterfoods, Marc McCurry, and Patagonia, Inc.
NR 48
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 6
U2 111
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1045-2249
J9 BEHAV ECOL
JI Behav. Ecol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 23
IS 1
BP 75
EP +
DI 10.1093/beheco/arr159
PG 8
WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 866MZ
UT WOS:000298386500001
ER
PT J
AU Patrick, MR
Orr, TR
AF Patrick, Matthew R.
Orr, Tim R.
TI Rootless shield and perched lava pond collapses at KA << lauea Volcano,
Hawai'i
SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hawaii; Kilauea; Lava pond; Rootless shield; Lava surge
ID KILAUEA VOLCANO; EFFUSION RATE; MOUNT-ETNA; FLOWS; PAHOEHOE; ERUPTION;
AA; INFLATION; LENGTHS; CHANNEL
AB Effusion rate is a primary measurement used to judge the expected advance rate, length, and hazard potential of lava flows. At basaltic volcanoes, the rapid draining of lava stored in rootless shields and perched ponds can produce lava flows with much higher local effusion rates and advance velocities than would be expected based on the effusion rate at the vent. For several months in 2007-2008, lava stored in a series of perched ponds and rootless shields on KA << lauea Volcano, Hawai'i, was released episodically to produce fast-moving 'a'A lava flows. Several of these lava flows approached Royal Gardens subdivision and threatened the safety of remaining residents. Using time-lapse image measurements, we show that the initial time-averaged discharge rate for one collapse-triggered lava flow was approximately eight times greater than the effusion rate at the vent. Though short-lived, the collapse-triggered 'a'A lava flows had average advance rates approximately 45 times greater than that of the pAhoehoe flow field from which they were sourced. The high advance rates of the collapse-triggered lava flows demonstrates that recognition of lava accumulating in ponds and shields, which may be stored in a cryptic manner, is vital for accurately assessing short-term hazards at basaltic volcanoes.
C1 [Patrick, Matthew R.; Orr, Tim R.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Honolulu, HI 96718 USA.
RP Patrick, MR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, POB 51,Hawaii Natl Pk, Honolulu, HI 96718 USA.
EM mpatrick@usgs.gov
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0258-8900
EI 1432-0819
J9 B VOLCANOL
JI Bull. Volcanol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 1
BP 67
EP 78
DI 10.1007/s00445-011-0505-9
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 874YD
UT WOS:000298993400006
ER
PT J
AU Fedele, L
Insinga, DD
Calvert, AT
Morra, V
Perrotta, A
Scarpati, C
AF Fedele, L.
Insinga, D. D.
Calvert, A. T.
Morra, V.
Perrotta, A.
Scarpati, C.
TI Reply to the comment on the article "Ar-40/Ar-39 dating of tuff vents in
the Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy): toward a new
chronostratigraphic reconstruction of the Holocene volcanic activity" by
Isaia et al.
SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Fedele, L.; Morra, V.] Univ Naples Federico 2, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-80134 Naples, Italy.
[Insinga, D. D.] CNR, IAMC, I-80133 Naples, Italy.
[Calvert, A. T.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94925 USA.
[Perrotta, A.; Scarpati, C.] Univ Naples Federico 2, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-80136 Naples, Italy.
RP Fedele, L (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico 2, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Via Mezzocannone 8, I-80134 Naples, Italy.
EM lofedele@unina.it
RI Morra, Vincenzo/H-6125-2011; Scarpati, Claudio/D-5576-2011;
OI Morra, Vincenzo/0000-0002-3310-8603; Scarpati,
Claudio/0000-0003-4483-1706; Insinga, Donatella
Domenica/0000-0002-2147-0146
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0258-8900
J9 B VOLCANOL
JI Bull. Volcanol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 1
BP 297
EP 299
DI 10.1007/s00445-011-0560-2
PG 3
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 874YD
UT WOS:000298993400020
ER
PT J
AU Lam, TTY
Ip, HS
Ghedin, E
Wentworth, DE
Halpin, RA
Stockwell, TB
Spiro, DJ
Dusek, RJ
Bortner, JB
Hoskins, J
Bales, BD
Yparraguirre, DR
Holmes, EC
AF Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk
Ip, Hon S.
Ghedin, Elodie
Wentworth, David E.
Halpin, Rebecca A.
Stockwell, Timothy B.
Spiro, David J.
Dusek, Robert J.
Bortner, James B.
Hoskins, Jenny
Bales, Bradley D.
Yparraguirre, Dan R.
Holmes, Edward C.
TI Migratory flyway and geographical distance are barriers to the gene flow
of influenza virus among North American birds
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Avian influenza; ecological barriers; evolution; flyways; gene flow;
phylogeography; spatial distance
ID PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA; WILD BIRDS; A VIRUSES; H5N1; EVOLUTION;
PHYLOGENIES; WATERFOWL; PATTERNS; PARAMYXOVIRUSES; TRANSMISSION
AB Despite the importance of migratory birds in the ecology and evolution of avian influenza virus (AIV), there is a lack of information on the patterns of AIV spread at the intra-continental scale. We applied a variety of statistical phylogeographic techniques to a plethora of viral genome sequence data to determine the strength, pattern and determinants of gene flow in AIV sampled from wild birds in North America. These analyses revealed a clear isolation-by-distance of AIV among sampling localities. In addition, we show that phylogeographic models incorporating information on the avian flyway of sampling proved a better fit to the observed sequence data than those specifying homogeneous or random rates of gene flow among localities. In sum, these data strongly suggest that the intra-continental spread of AIV by migratory birds is subject to major ecological barriers, including spatial distance and avian flyway.
C1 [Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk; Holmes, Edward C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Ip, Hon S.; Dusek, Robert J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Ghedin, Elodie] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Res, Dept Computat & Syst Biol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
[Ghedin, Elodie; Halpin, Rebecca A.; Stockwell, Timothy B.; Spiro, David J.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Wentworth, David E.] NYSDOH, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12201 USA.
[Bortner, James B.; Hoskins, Jenny] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
[Dusek, Robert J.; Bales, Bradley D.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Salem, OR 97303 USA.
[Yparraguirre, Dan R.] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[Holmes, Edward C.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Holmes, EC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM ech15@psu.edu
RI Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk/D-4837-2012;
OI Wentworth, David/0000-0002-5190-980X; Dusek, Robert/0000-0001-6177-7479;
Holmes, Edward/0000-0001-9596-3552
FU National Institutes of Health [R01 GM080533]; US Department of the
Interior; US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey, Biological
Resources Discipline; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human
Services [HHSN272200900007C]
FX This research was funded in part by grant R01 GM080533 from the National
Institutes of Health, by the US Department of the Interior and US Fish
and Wildlife Service's Avian Health Program, and by the US Geological
Survey, Biological Resources Discipline. We thank the US Fish and
Wildlife Service, as well as State and Tribal agencies. It was also in
part funded with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy
and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of
Health and Human Services under contract numbers HHSN272200900007C. The
samples from the PF were collected under the 'Surveillance for Early
detection of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in Wild Migratory
Birds: a Strategy for the Pacific Flyway' Pacific Flyway Council, 2006.
We thank the field personnel who sampled birds throughout the flyway,
and gratefully acknowledge the contributions of many biologists who have
sequenced the influenza genomes published in GenBank. We also thank
members of the Diagnostic Virology Laboratory at the National Wildlife
Health Center, especially Katy Griffin, Jessica Montez, Samantha Scott
and Kim Kooiman. Additional bioinformatic and computational resources
were provided by the Computer Centre at The University of Hong Kong
(HKU) and TWGrid in Taiwan. We also thank W. K. Kwan and Frankie Cheung
(HKU) for technical support. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
government.
NR 46
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1461-023X
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 15
IS 1
BP 24
EP 33
DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01703.x
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 856KC
UT WOS:000297637800004
PM 22008513
ER
PT J
AU Latysh, NE
Wetherbee, GA
AF Latysh, Natalie E.
Wetherbee, Gregory Alan
TI Improved mapping of National Atmospheric Deposition Program
wet-deposition in complex terrain using PRISM-gridded data sets
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE PRISM; Atmospheric wet-deposition; Precipitation; National Atmospheric
Deposition Program
ID ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; SIERRA-NEVADA; UNITED-STATES; PRECIPITATION; CLIMATE;
CHEMISTRY; COLORADO; USA
AB High-elevation regions in the United States lack detailed atmospheric wet-deposition data. The National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN) measures and reports precipitation amounts and chemical constituent concentration and deposition data for the United States on annual isopleth maps using inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation methods. This interpolation for unsampled areas does not account for topographic influences. Therefore, NADP/NTN isopleth maps lack detail and potentially underestimate wet deposition in high-elevation regions. The NADP/NTN wet-deposition maps may be improved using precipitation grids generated by other networks. The Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) produces digital grids of precipitation estimates from many precipitation-monitoring networks and incorporates influences of topographical and geographical features. Because NADP/NTN ion concentrations do not vary with elevation as much as precipitation depths, PRISM is used with unadjusted NADP/NTN data in this paper to calculate ion wet deposition in complex terrain to yield more accurate and detailed isopleth deposition maps in complex terrain. PRISM precipitation estimates generally exceed NADP/NTN precipitation estimates for coastal and mountainous regions in the western United States. NADP/NTN precipitation estimates generally exceed PRISM precipitation estimates for leeward mountainous regions in Washington, Oregon, and Nevada, where abrupt changes in precipitation depths induced by topography are not depicted by IDW interpolation. PRISM-based deposition estimates for nitrate can exceed NADP/NTN estimates by more than 100% for mountainous regions in the western United States.
C1 [Latysh, Natalie E.; Wetherbee, Gregory Alan] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Off Water Qual, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Latysh, NE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Off Water Qual, POB 25046,MS 306, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM nlatysh@usgs.gov
NR 30
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 184
IS 2
BP 913
EP 928
DI 10.1007/s10661-011-2009-7
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 868EB
UT WOS:000298505400020
PM 21476103
ER
PT J
AU Kashian, DM
Corace, RG
Shartell, LM
Donner, DM
Huber, PW
AF Kashian, Daniel M.
Corace, R. Gregory, III
Shartell, Lindsey M.
Donner, Deahn M.
Huber, Philip W.
TI Variability and persistence of post-fire biological legacies in jack
pine-dominated ecosystems of northern Lower Michigan
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Tree crown streets; Jack pine; Northern Lower Michigan; Stand-replacing
wildfire; Kirtland's warbler; Biological legacies
ID KIRTLANDS WARBLER; CROWN FIRES; FOREST; MANAGEMENT; HISTORY; USA;
POPULATION; VORTICES; ECOLOGY
AB On the dry, flat, jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)-dominated ecosystems of the northern Lake States and eastern Canada, wildfire behavior often produces narrow, remnant strips of unburned trees that provide heterogeneity on a landscape historically shaped by stand-replacing wildfires. We used landscape metrics to analyze a chronosequence of aerial imagery to examine these "stringers" of mature trees within historical wildfires in northern Lower Michigan. Our major objective was to describe the natural range of variability of stringer patterns and their persistence and change during the fire-free interval. Field studies were then used to examine stringer composition and structural variability. Stringers were found to occur in all fires >1000 ha, in about one-third of wildfires >80 ha, but never in fires <80 ha, likely because of the lack of fire intensity on smaller fires that is necessary for stringers to be formed. Stringers were typically composed of many small, well-aggregated patches that represented 3-14% of the area within the burn perimeter, and stringer formation was relatively independent of pre-fire forest structure or composition. Stringer patterns changed mostly in the first decade after the fire that created them and then stabilized. Major changes that occurred in stringer patterns after this period were most often due to human activities, highlighting their natural persistence through the fire-free interval. The historical persistence and importance of these features also highlights their importance on modern fire-prone landscapes, particularly in northern Lower Michigan where a high proportion of land management is focused on jack pine plantations for breeding habitat for Kirtland's warbler (Dendroica kirtlandii Baird), an endangered species. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kashian, Daniel M.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
[Corace, R. Gregory, III] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Seney, MI 49883 USA.
[Shartell, Lindsey M.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Donner, Deahn M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI 54529 USA.
[Huber, Philip W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Mio, MI 48647 USA.
RP Kashian, DM (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Biol Sci Bldg,5047 Gullen Mall, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
EM dkash@wayne.edu
FU Joint Fire Sciences Program; Seney National Wildlife Refuge; Seney
Natural History Association; Wayne State University
FX We wish to thank Brent Stinson (US Department of Agriculture) and
Sterling Raehtz (Michigan State University) for their guidance and
assistance in obtaining aerial imagery for this project. We also thank
Jessica Miesel (Ohio State University) for help in obtaining wildfire
databases from the Huron-Manistee National Forests and the Michigan
Department of Natural Resources, and to Charles Goebel (Ohio State
University) and Wayne Walker (Woods Hole Research Center) for fruitful
initial discussions about stringers. Field assistance was provided by
Stephanie Brown, Becky Jackson, Jacob Korte, Julia Sosin, and Tony
Spencer from Wayne State University; Ellen Comes, Meghan Cornwall, and
Andrew DiAllesandro from Seney National Wildlife Refuge; and Paul Nelson
from Ohio State University. We thank Mark Vaniman and Laural Tansy of
Seney National Wildlife Refuge for logistical support. This study was
funded by the Joint Fire Sciences Program with a grant to DMK and RGC,
Seney National Wildlife Refuge, the Seney Natural History Association,
and Wayne State University. The findings and conclusions in this article
are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of
the US Fish and Wildlife Service or other agencies and institutions.
NR 45
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD JAN 1
PY 2012
VL 263
BP 148
EP 158
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.09.019
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 868OI
UT WOS:000298532200018
ER
PT J
AU Meyers, SR
Siewert, SE
Singer, BS
Sageman, BB
Condon, DJ
Obradovich, JD
Jicha, BR
Sawyer, DA
AF Meyers, Stephen R.
Siewert, Sarah E.
Singer, Brad S.
Sageman, Bradley B.
Condon, Daniel J.
Obradovich, John D.
Jicha, Brian R.
Sawyer, David A.
TI Intercalibration of radioisotopic and astrochronologic time scales for
the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary interval, Western Interior Basin, USA
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ZIRCON; STRATOTYPE; PRECISION; ACCURACY; STAGE; EARTH; AGES
AB We develop an intercalibrated astrochronologic and radioisotopic time scale for the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary (CTB) interval near the Global Stratotype Section and Point in Colorado, USA, where orbitally influenced rhythmic strata host bentonites that contain sanidine and zircon suitable for (40)Ar/(39)Ar and U-Pb dating. Paired (40)Ar/(39)Ar and U-Pb ages are determined from four bentonites that span the Vascoceras diartianum to Pseudaspidoceras flexuosum ammonite biozones, utilizing both newly collected material and legacy sanidine samples of J. Obradovich. Comparison of the (40)Ar/(39)Ar and U-Pb results underscores the strengths and limitations of each system, and supports an astronomically calibrated Fish Canyon sanidine standard age of 28.201 Ma. The radioisotopic data and published astrochronology are employed to develop a new CTB time scale, using two statistical approaches: (1) a simple integration that yields a CTB age of 93.89 +/- 0.14 Ma (2 sigma; total radioisotopic uncertainty), and (2) a Bayesian intercalibration that explicitly accounts for orbital time scale uncertainty, and yields a CTB age of 93.90 +/- 0.15 Ma (95% credible interval; total radioisotopic and orbital time scale uncertainty). Both approaches firmly anchor the floating orbital time scale, and the Bayesian technique yields astronomically recalibrated radioisotopic ages for individual bentonites, with analytical uncertainties at the permil level of resolution, and total uncertainties below 2 parts per thousand. Using our new results, the duration between the Cenomanian-Turonian and the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundaries is 27.94 +/- 0.16 Ma, with an uncertainty of less than one-half of a long eccentricity cycle.
C1 [Meyers, Stephen R.; Siewert, Sarah E.; Singer, Brad S.; Jicha, Brian R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Sageman, Bradley B.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Condon, Daniel J.] British Geol Survey, Isotope Geosci Lab, NERC, Keyworth NG12 5GG, Notts, England.
[Obradovich, John D.; Sawyer, David A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Meyers, SR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, 1215 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM smeyers@geology.wisc.edu
RI Singer, Bradley/F-4991-2012; Condon, Daniel/A-4249-2008
OI Singer, Bradley/0000-0003-3595-5168; Condon, Daniel/0000-0002-9082-3283
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-0959108]; University of
Wisconsin-Madison Vilas Trust; Shell Oil Undergraduate grant
FX This work was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grant
EAR-0959108 (Meyers, Singer, Sageman), the University of
Wisconsin-Madison Vilas Trust (Singer), and a Shell Oil Undergraduate
grant (Siewert). We thank KC McKinney, B. Cobban, and N. Heim for
assistance with field work. L. Hinnov and three anonymous referees
provided helpful reviews.
NR 24
TC 66
Z9 68
U1 0
U2 17
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 40
IS 1
BP 7
EP 10
DI 10.1130/G32261.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 866VK
UT WOS:000298414000002
ER
PT J
AU Davies, A
Kemp, AES
Weedon, GP
Barron, JA
AF Davies, Andrew
Kemp, Alan E. S.
Weedon, Graham P.
Barron, John A.
TI El Nino-Southern Oscillation variability from the Late Cretaceous Marca
Shale of California
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; LAMINATED SEDIMENTS; GREENHOUSE CLIMATE; OCEAN
VARIABILITY; RECORD; MONSOON; BASIN; DIATOMS; FLUX
AB Changes in the possible behavior of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) with global warming have provoked interest in records of ENSO from past "greenhouse" climate states. The latest Cretaceous laminated Marca Shale of California permits a seasonal-scale reconstruction of water column flux events and hence interannual paleoclimate variability. The annual flux cycle resembles that of the modern Gulf of California with diatoms characteristic of spring upwelling blooms followed by silt and clay, and is consistent with the existence of a paleo-North American Monsoon that brought input of terrigenous sediment during summer storms and precipitation runoff. Variation is also indicated in the extent of water column oxygenation by differences in lamina preservation. Time series analysis of interannual variability in terrigenous sediment and diatom flux and in the degree of bioturbation indicates strong periodicities in the quasi-biennial (2.1-2.8 yr) and low-frequency (4.1-6.3 yr) bands both characteristic of ENSO forcing, as well as decadal frequencies. This evidence for robust Late Cretaceous ENSO variability does not support the theory of a "permanent El Nino," in the sense of a continual El Nino-like state, in periods of warmer climate.
C1 [Davies, Andrew; Kemp, Alan E. S.] Univ Southampton, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci, Natl Oceanog Ctr Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England.
[Weedon, Graham P.] Met Off JCHMR, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England.
[Barron, John A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Davies, A (reprint author), Neftex Petr Consultants, Abingdon OX14 4RY, Oxon, England.
EM aesk@noc.soton.ac.uk
RI Weedon, Graham/B-7574-2008
OI Weedon, Graham/0000-0003-1262-9984
FU Natural Environment Research Council [NER/S/A/2002/10400]; Royal
Society; DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre [GA01101]
FX Davies was funded by a Natural Environment Research Council Research
Studentship (NER/S/A/2002/10400). Kemp was assisted by a Royal Society
travel award, and Weedon was supported by the Joint DECC/Defra Met
Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme (GA01101). S. Starrat and J.
Addison commented on an earlier version of the manuscript, and we
acknowledge discussions with J. Pike and assistance with drafting from
K. Davis.
NR 32
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 10
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 40
IS 1
BP 15
EP 18
DI 10.1130/G32329.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 866VK
UT WOS:000298414000004
ER
PT J
AU Bridges, NT
Bourke, MC
Geissler, PE
Banks, ME
Colon, C
Diniega, S
Golombek, MP
Hansen, CJ
Mattson, S
McEwen, AS
Mellon, MT
Stantzos, N
Thomson, BJ
AF Bridges, Nathan T.
Bourke, Mary C.
Geissler, Paul E.
Banks, Maria E.
Colon, Cindy
Diniega, Serina
Golombek, Matthew P.
Hansen, Candice J.
Mattson, Sarah
McEwen, Alfred S.
Mellon, Michael T.
Stantzos, Nicholas
Thomson, Bradley J.
TI Planet-wide sand motion on Mars
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; DUNES; MOVEMENT; DEPOSITS; EROSION; VALLEY;
ICE
AB Prior to Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter data, images of Mars showed no direct evidence for dune and ripple motion. This was consistent with climate models and lander measurements indicating that winds of sufficient intensity to mobilize sand were rare in the low-density atmosphere. We show that many sand ripples and dunes across Mars exhibit movement of as much as a few meters per year, demonstrating that Martian sand migrates under current conditions in diverse areas of the planet. Most motion is probably driven by wind gusts that are not resolved in global circulation models. A past climate with a thicker atmosphere is only required to move large ripples that contain coarse grains.
C1 [Bridges, Nathan T.; Thomson, Bradley J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Bourke, Mary C.; Hansen, Candice J.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Geissler, Paul E.; Stantzos, Nicholas] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Banks, Maria E.] Smithsonian Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Colon, Cindy] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Diniega, Serina; Golombek, Matthew P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Mattson, Sarah; McEwen, Alfred S.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Mellon, Michael T.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Bridges, NT (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
RI Bourke, Mary/I-4387-2012; Mellon, Michael/C-3456-2016; Bridges,
Nathan/D-6341-2016;
OI Bourke, Mary/0000-0002-0424-0322; Thomson, Bradley/0000-0001-8635-8932
FU Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter/HiRISE (High Resolution Imaging Science
Experiment); National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX We thank Devon Burr, Lori Fenton, and an anonymous reviewer for very
helpful reviews. Support to Bridges and several coauthors was through
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter/HiRISE (High Resolution Imaging Science
Experiment) funding provided by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration.
NR 38
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 3
U2 31
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 40
IS 1
BP 31
EP 34
DI 10.1130/G32373.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 866VK
UT WOS:000298414000008
ER
PT J
AU Gu, YX
Boyte, SP
Wylie, BK
Tieszen, LL
AF Gu, Yingxin
Boyte, Stephen P.
Wylie, Bruce K.
Tieszen, Larry L.
TI Identifying grasslands suitable for cellulosic feedstock crops in the
Greater Platte River Basin: dynamic modeling of ecosystem performance
with 250 m eMODIS
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cellulosic biofuel; cellulosic feedstock crops; ecosystem performance
models; eMODIS NDVI; Greater Platte River Basin; land management;
satellite remote sensing; weather data
ID UNITED-STATES; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BOREAL FOREST;
SWITCHGRASS; PLAINS; ENERGY; NDVI; BIOENERGY; ETHANOL
AB This study dynamically monitors ecosystem performance (EP) to identify grasslands potentially suitable for cellulosic feedstock crops (e.g., switchgrass) within the Greater Platte River Basin (GPRB). We computed grassland site potential and EP anomalies using 9-year (20002008) time series of 250 m expedited moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer Normalized Difference Vegetation Index data, geophysical and biophysical data, weather and climate data, and EP models. We hypothesize that areas with fairly consistent high grassland productivity (i.e., high grassland site potential) in fair to good range condition (i.e., persistent ecosystem overperformance or normal performance, indicating a lack of severe ecological disturbance) are potentially suitable for cellulosic feedstock crop development. Unproductive (i.e., low grassland site potential) or degraded grasslands (i.e., persistent ecosystem underperformance with poor range condition) are not appropriate for cellulosic feedstock development. Grassland pixels with high or moderate ecosystem site potential and with more than 7 years ecosystem normal performance or overperformance during 20002008 are identified as possible regions for future cellulosic feedstock crop development (ca. 68 000 km(2) within the GPRB, mostly in the eastern areas). Long-term climate conditions, elevation, soil organic carbon, and yearly seasonal precipitation and temperature are important performance variables to determine the suitable areas in this study. The final map delineating the suitable areas within the GPRB provides a new monitoring and modeling approach that can contribute to decision support tools to help land managers and decision makers make optimal land use decisions regarding cellulosic feedstock crop development and sustainability.
C1 [Gu, Yingxin] US Geol Survey, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Boyte, Stephen P.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, USGS EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Gu, YX (reprint author), US Geol Survey, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM ygu@usgs.gov
RI Wylie, Bruce/H-3182-2014;
OI Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083; Gu, Yingxin/0000-0002-3544-1856;
Boyte, Stephen/0000-0002-5462-3225
FU USGS [G08PC91508, G10PC00044]; Renewable Energy-Biofuels initiative
FX This work was performed under USGS contracts G08PC91508 and G10PC00044,
and funded by the USGS Geographic Analysis and Monitoring Program in
support of Renewable Energy-Biofuels initiative. The authors thank
Norman Bliss for processing and providing SSURGO soil organic carbon
(SOC) data. The authors thank Norman Bliss, Bhaskar Ramachandran, and
Thomas Adamson for their valuable suggestions and comments. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 49
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1757-1693
J9 GCB BIOENERGY
JI GCB Bioenergy
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 1
BP 96
EP 106
DI 10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01113.x
PG 11
WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA 857QZ
UT WOS:000297735100008
ER
PT J
AU Gleeson, T
Alley, WM
Allen, DM
Sophocleous, MA
Zhou, YX
Taniguchi, M
VanderSteen, J
AF Gleeson, Tom
Alley, William M.
Allen, Diana M.
Sophocleous, Marios A.
Zhou, Yangxiao
Taniguchi, Makoto
VanderSteen, Jonathan
TI Towards Sustainable Groundwater Use: Setting Long-Term Goals,
Backcasting, and Managing Adaptively
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-PLAINS AQUIFER; CHATEAUGUAY RIVER AQUIFERS; WATER-RESOURCES;
MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; ABBOTSFORD AQUIFER; NITRATE; STATE; SCIENCE;
CHALLENGES; DEPLETION
AB The sustainability of crucial earth resources, such as groundwater, is a critical issue. We consider groundwater sustainability a value-driven process of intra-and intergenerational equity that balances the environment, society, and economy. Synthesizing hydrogeological science and current sustainability concepts, we emphasize three sustainability approaches: setting multigenerational sustainability goals, backcasting, and managing adaptively. As most aquifer problems are long-term problems, we propose that multigenerational goals (50 to 100 years) for water quantity and quality that acknowledge the connections between groundwater, surface water, and ecosystems be set for many aquifers. The goals should be set by a watershed-or aquifer-based community in an inclusive and participatory manner. Policies for shorter time horizons should be developed by backcasting, and measures implemented through adaptive management to achieve the long-term goals. Two case histories illustrate the importance and complexity of a multigenerational perspective and adaptive management. These approaches could transform aquifer depletion and contamination to more sustainable groundwater use, providing groundwater for current and future generations while protecting ecological integrity and resilience.
C1 [Gleeson, Tom] McGill Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada.
[Gleeson, Tom] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Alley, William M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 411, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Allen, Diana M.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Sophocleous, Marios A.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA.
[Zhou, Yangxiao] UNESCO IHE Inst Water Educ, Water Engn Dept, NL-2601 DA Delft, Netherlands.
[Taniguchi, Makoto] Res Inst Humanity & Nat, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto 6020878, Japan.
[VanderSteen, Jonathan] Univ Guelph, Sch Engn, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Gleeson, T (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Civil Engn, 817 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada.
EM tgleeson@eos.ubc.ca
RI Allen, Diana/A-4215-2010; Gleeson, Tom/F-2552-2011; Zhou,
Yangxiao/C-6922-2009; Taniguchi, Makoto/E-3335-2012
OI Allen, Diana/0000-0003-3541-2470; Gleeson, Tom/0000-0001-9493-7707;
Zhou, Yangxiao/0000-0002-0856-7007; Taniguchi,
Makoto/0000-0001-7416-0275
NR 71
TC 53
Z9 55
U1 9
U2 69
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 1
BP 19
EP 26
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00825.x
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 871JH
UT WOS:000298733600007
PM 21599658
ER
PT J
AU Chiu, YC
Nishikawa, T
Martin, P
AF Chiu, Yung-Chia
Nishikawa, Tracy
Martin, Peter
TI Hybrid-Optimization Algorithm for the Management of a Conjunctive-Use
Project and Well Field Design
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION; PUMPING RATES; GENETIC ALGORITHM; MODEL
DEVELOPMENT; COASTAL AQUIFERS; SYSTEMS; FLOW; SIMULATION; COSTS
AB Hi-Desert Water District (HDWD), the primary water-management agency in the Warren Groundwater Basin, California, plans to construct a waste water treatment plant to reduce future septic-tank effluent from reaching the groundwater system. The treated waste water will be reclaimed by recharging the groundwater basin via recharge ponds as part of a larger conjunctive-use strategy. HDWD wishes to identify the least-cost conjunctive-use strategies for managing imported surface water, reclaimed water, and local groundwater. As formulated, the mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) groundwater-management problem seeks to minimize water-delivery costs subject to constraints including potential locations of the new pumping wells, California State regulations, groundwater-level constraints, water-supply demand, available imported water, and pump/recharge capacities. In this study, a hybrid-optimization algorithm, which couples a genetic algorithm and successive-linear programming, is developed to solve the MINLP problem. The algorithm was tested by comparing results to the enumerative solution for a simplified version of the HDWD groundwater-management problem. The results indicate that the hybrid-optimization algorithm can identify the global optimum. The hybrid-optimization algorithm is then applied to solve a complex groundwater-management problem. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to assess the impact of varying the new recharge pond orientation, varying the mixing ratio of reclaimed water and pumped water, and varying the amount of imported water available. The developed conjunctive management model can provide HDWD water managers with information that will improve their ability to manage their surface water, reclaimed water, and groundwater resources.
C1 [Chiu, Yung-Chia; Nishikawa, Tracy; Martin, Peter] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, San Diego Project Off, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
RP Chiu, YC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, San Diego Project Off, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
EM yungchiachiu@ntu.edu.tw; tnish@usgs.gov; pmmartin@usgs.gov
FU HDWD; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research was funded by HDWD and the U.S. Geological Survey's
Cooperative Research Program. The authors wish to thank James McCarthy
and other two anonymous reviewers for their in-depth and constructive
reviews.
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 1
BP 103
EP 117
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00828.x
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 871JH
UT WOS:000298733600016
PM 21635245
ER
PT J
AU Vilhelmsen, TN
Christensen, S
Mehl, SW
AF Vilhelmsen, Troels N.
Christensen, Steen
Mehl, Steffen W.
TI Evaluation of MODFLOW-LGR in Connection with a Synthetic Regional-Scale
Model
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID LOCAL GRID REFINEMENT; GROUND-WATER FLOW; BURIED QUATERNARY VALLEYS;
SHARED NODES; DENMARK; ERRORS
AB This work studies costs and benefits of utilizing local-grid refinement (LGR) as implemented in MODFLOW-LGR to simulate groundwater flow in a buried tunnel valley interacting with a regional aquifer. Two alternative LGR methods were used: the shared-node (SN) method and the ghost-node (GN) method. To conserve flows the SN method requires correction of sources and sinks in cells at the refined/coarse-grid interface. We found that the optimal correction method is case dependent and difficult to identify in practice. However, the results showed little difference and suggest that identifying the optimal method was of minor importance in our case. The GN method does not require corrections at the models' interface, and it uses a simpler head interpolation scheme than the SN method. The simpler scheme is faster but less accurate so that more iterations may be necessary. However, the GN method solved our flow problem more efficiently than the SN method. The MODFLOW-LGR results were compared with the results obtained using a globally coarse (GC) grid. The LGR simulations required one to two orders of magnitude longer run times than the GC model. However, the improvements of the numerical resolution around the buried valley substantially increased the accuracy of simulated heads and flows compared with the GC simulation. Accuracy further increased locally around the valley flanks when improving the geological resolution using the refined grid. Finally, comparing MODFLOW-LGR simulation with a globally refined (GR) grid showed that the refinement proportion of the model should not exceed 10% to 15% in order to secure method efficiency.
C1 [Vilhelmsen, Troels N.; Christensen, Steen] Univ Aarhus, Dept Earth Sci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
[Mehl, Steffen W.] Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Civil Engn, Chico, CA 95929 USA.
[Mehl, Steffen W.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Vilhelmsen, TN (reprint author), Univ Aarhus, Dept Earth Sci, Hoegh Guldbergs Gade 2, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
EM troels.norvin@geo.au.dk
RI Christensen, Steen/A-2016-2012; Vilhelmsen, Troels/A-2193-2015
OI Christensen, Steen/0000-0002-9251-2315; Vilhelmsen,
Troels/0000-0002-6399-8563
FU Danish Council for Strategic Research; Aarhus Vand, Denmark
FX The authors would like to thank George Zyvolski, Henk Haitjema, Matt
Tonkin, an anonymous reviewer, and Journal Editor Mary P. Anderson for
constructive comments. These greatly helped improve the content of the
manuscript. The manuscript was written as a part of the HYACINTS
project, and the work was financed by The Danish Council for Strategic
Research and Aarhus Vand, Denmark.
NR 26
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U1 0
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 1
BP 118
EP 132
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00826.x
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 871JH
UT WOS:000298733600017
PM 21623780
ER
PT J
AU Reimann, T
Birk, S
Rehrl, C
Shoemaker, WB
AF Reimann, Thomas
Birk, Steffen
Rehrl, Christoph
Shoemaker, W. Barclay
TI Modifications to the Conduit Flow Process Mode 2 for MODFLOW-2005
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
AB As a result of rock dissolution processes, karst aquifers exhibit highly conductive features such as caves and conduits. Within these structures, groundwater flow can become turbulent and therefore be described by nonlinear gradient functions. Some numerical groundwater flow models explicitly account for pipe hydraulics by coupling the continuum model with a pipe network that represents the conduit system. In contrast, the Conduit Flow Process Mode 2 (CFPM2) for MODFLOW-2005 approximates turbulent flow by reducing the hydraulic conductivity within the existing linear head gradient of the MODFLOW continuum model. This approach reduces the practical as well as numerical efforts for simulating turbulence. The original formulation was for large pore aquifers where the onset of turbulence is at low Reynolds numbers (1 to 100) and not for conduits or pipes. In addition, the existing code requires multiple time steps for convergence due to iterative adjustment of the hydraulic conductivity. Modifications to the existing CFPM2 were made by implementing a generalized power function with a user-defined exponent. This allows for matching turbulence in porous media or pipes and eliminates the time steps required for iterative adjustment of hydraulic conductivity. The modified CFPM2 successfully replicated simple benchmark test problems.
C1 [Reimann, Thomas] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Groundwater Management, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
[Birk, Steffen; Rehrl, Christoph] Graz Univ, Inst Earth Sci, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
[Shoemaker, W. Barclay] US Geol Survey, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33315 USA.
RP Reimann, T (reprint author), Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Groundwater Management, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
EM Thomas.Reimann@tu-dresden.de; steffen.birk@uni-graz.at;
bshoemak@usgs.gov
RI Reimann, Thomas/C-5718-2011;
OI Reimann, Thomas/0000-0002-4259-0139; Shoemaker, W.
Barclay/0000-0002-7680-377X; Birk, Steffen/0000-0001-7474-3884
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [LI
727/11-1, SA 501/24-1]; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [L576-N21]
FX Jeffrey N. King from the USGS is acknowledged for assisting with
simplification and presentation of equations. The authors express their
appreciation to J. Hal Davis, Nicasio Sepulveda, and Melinda Lohmann of
the USGS as well as Rudolf Liedl from the TU Dresden for their internal
review prior to submission to the journal. We thank the journal
reviewers Eve Kuniansky, Melissa E. Hill, and an anonymous reviewer for
their helpful comments and suggestions. Also, we would like to thank
Martin Sauter and Tobias Geyer from the University of Gottingen for
fruitful discussions. This work was funded by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under grants
no. LI 727/11-1 and SA 501/24-1 and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
under grant no. L576-N21.
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 1
BP 144
EP 148
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00805.x
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 871JH
UT WOS:000298733600019
PM 21371024
ER
PT J
AU D'Oria, M
Fienen, MN
AF D'Oria, Marco
Fienen, Michael N.
TI MODFLOW-Style Parameters in Underdetermined Parameter Estimation
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUNDWATER-FLOW
AB In this article, we discuss the use of MODFLOW-Style parameters in the numerical codes MODFLOW_2005 and MODFLOW_2005-Adjoint for the definition of variables in the Layer Property Flow package. Parameters are a useful tool to represent aquifer properties in both codes and are the only option available in the adjoint version. Moreover, for overdetermined parameter estimation problems, the parameter approach for model input can make data input easier. We found that if each estimable parameter is defined by one parameter, the codes require a large computational effort and substantial gains in efficiency are achieved by removing logical comparison of character strings that represent the names and types of the parameters. An alternative formulation already available in the current implementation of the code can also alleviate the efficiency degradation due to character comparisons in the special case of distributed parameters defined through multiplication matrices. The authors also hope that lessons learned in analyzing the performance of the MODFLOW family codes will be enlightening to developers of other Fortran implementations of numerical codes.
C1 [D'Oria, Marco] Univ Parma, DICATeA, I-43124 Parma, Italy.
[Fienen, Michael N.] Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, USGS, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
RP D'Oria, M (reprint author), Univ Parma, DICATeA, Viale GP Usberti 181-A, I-43124 Parma, Italy.
EM marco.doria@unipr.it; mnfienen@usgs.gov
RI Fienen, Michael/D-2479-2009
OI Fienen, Michael/0000-0002-7756-4651
FU USGS Water and Environmental Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB); University
of Parma, Department of Civil Engineering
FX The authors are grateful to Chris Langevin, Steffen Mehl, Richard
Winston, and an anonymous reviewer for the valuable suggestions and
helpful comments on the previous versions of this article. Support for
this work was provided by the USGS Water and Environmental
Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) program and University of Parma,
Department of Civil Engineering.
NR 11
TC 1
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U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 1
BP 149
EP 153
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00803.x
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 871JH
UT WOS:000298733600020
PM 21352210
ER
PT J
AU Jones, JW
Desmond, GB
Henkle, C
Glover, R
AF Jones, John W.
Desmond, Gregory B.
Henkle, Charles
Glover, Robert
TI An approach to regional wetland digital elevation model development
using a differential global positioning system and a custom-built
helicopter-based surveying system
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID EVERGLADES-NATIONAL-PARK; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; FORESTS
AB Accurate topographic data are critical to restoration science and planning for the Everglades region of South Florida, USA. They are needed to monitor and simulate water level, water depth and hydroperiod and are used in scientific research on hydrologic and biologic processes. Because large wetland environments and data acquisition challenge conventional ground-based and remotely sensed data collection methods, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) adapted a classical data collection instrument to global positioning system (GPS) and geographic information system (GIS) technologies. Data acquired with this instrument were processed using geostatistics to yield sub-water level elevation values with centimetre accuracy (+/- 15 cm). The developed database framework, modelling philosophy and metadata protocol allow for continued, collaborative model revision and expansion, given additional elevation or other ancillary data.
C1 [Jones, John W.; Desmond, Gregory B.; Henkle, Charles; Glover, Robert] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Jones, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM jwjones@usgs.gov
RI Rosolen Vilela, Nicole Louise /K-9426-2014
FU USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science (PES); US Army Corp
of Engineers; National Park Service; South Florida Water Management
District; PES; USGS
FX Funding for HAED collection was provided by the USGS Greater Everglades
Priority Ecosystems Science (PES) Program, the US Army Corp of
Engineers, the National Park Service and the South Florida Water
Management District. Funding for DEM development was provided by the PES
and USGS Land Remote Sensing Program. The authors greatly appreciate the
thoughtful and constructive comments of anonymous reviewers as they
improved this manuscript and will benefit our future research.
NR 28
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U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 2
BP 450
EP 465
DI 10.1080/01431161.2010.533212
PG 16
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 874IB
UT WOS:000298947800008
ER
PT J
AU Ramsey, E
Rangoonwala, A
Thomsen, MS
Schwarzschild, A
AF Ramsey, Elijah, III
Rangoonwala, Amina
Thomsen, Mads Solgaard
Schwarzschild, Arthur
TI Spectral definition of the macro-algae Ulva curvata in the back-barrier
bays of the Eastern Shore of Virginia, USA
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID REMOTE; REFLECTANCE; LEAVES
AB We have developed methods to determine the visible (VIS) to near-infrared (NIR) spectral properties of thalli and epiphytes of bloom-forming and green macrophyte Ulva curvata in back-barrier lagoons in Virginia, USA. A 2% increase in NIR thalli reflectance from winter to summer (ca. 9.5%) matched the drop in summer NIR transmittance (ca. 90%). In contrast, summer and winter VIS reflectance (reaching 6%) were nearly identical while winter transmittance (ca. 85%) was 10-20% higher. NIR absorption remained at 5% but VIS absorption increased by 10-20% from winter to summer. Replicate consistency substantiated the high transmittance difference indicating thallus composition changed from summer to winter. Epiphytes increased thallus reflectance (dagger) in the
following list: E. Andersen, M. Barrett, D. Barton, G. Beyersdorf, K.
Brenneman, D. Clutter, J. Daniels, E. Drew, B. Drummond, A. Durand, J.
Dussureault, C. Eggleston, K. Elkin, J. Fischer, C. Gray, M. Grinnell,
J. M. Hipfner, S. Hootman, N. Jones, T. Joyce, P. Kappes, B. Keller, S.
Kissler, H. Knechtel, N. Konyukhov, S. Lantz, K. Lindquist, G. Loh, J.
Marais, L. Meehan, J. Mueller, M. Murphy, R. Orben, M. Ortwerth, A.
Palmer, L. Parker, J. Petersen, D. Rehder, H. Renner, A. Ritchie, N.
Rojek, K. Russell, P. Ryan, S. Sapora, K. Shea, E. Sommer, L. Spitler,
A. Stoertz, A. Stover, S. Syria, G. Thomson, C. VanStratt, R. Walder and
H. Walsh. The M/V Tiglax and her crews provided logistical support. We
also thank K. Turco for prey identification. The North Pacific Research
Board (NPRB, grant no. 638), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge and Northern
Scientific Training Program of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
provided financial support for this research. A consortium managed by
the North Pacific Marine Science Organisation supported the North
Pacific CPR survey. Consortium members that provided funding for the
data used in this study include the North Pacific Research Board and
Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada. The Institutional Animal
Care Committee of Memorial University of Newfoundland (protocol 09-01-IJ
and preceding) approved this project. P. H. Becker, T. W. Chapman, E. H.
Miller, and two anonymous reviewers provided improvements on previous
drafts of this manuscript. This is publication number 294 of the NPRB.
NR 96
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PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0021-8375
J9 J ORNITHOL
JI J. Ornithol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 153
IS 1
BP 115
EP 129
DI 10.1007/s10336-011-0704-3
PG 15
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 871PH
UT WOS:000298749700009
ER
PT J
AU Namgail, T
Rawat, GS
Mishra, C
van Wieren, SE
Prins, HHT
AF Namgail, Tsewang
Rawat, Gopal S.
Mishra, Charudutt
van Wieren, Sipke E.
Prins, Herbert H. T.
TI Biomass and diversity of dry alpine plant communities along altitudinal
gradients in the Himalayas
SO JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Aboveground biomass; Altitude; Mid-altitude effect; Rapoport's rule;
Species richness; Vascular plants
ID SPECIES RICHNESS; ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION;
SOCIOECONOMIC CHANGES; INDIAN CHANGTHANG; VASCULAR PLANTS; LADAKH;
HERBIVORES; PATTERNS; PLATEAU
AB A non-linear relationship between phytodiversity and altitude has widely been reported, but the relationship between phytomass and altitude remains little understood. We examined the phytomass and diversity of vascular plants along altitudinal gradients on the dry alpine rangelands of Ladakh, western Himalaya. We used generalized linear and generalized additive models to assess the relationship between these vegetation parameters and altitude. We found a hump-shaped relationship between aboveground phytomass and altitude. We suspect that this is engendered by low rainfall and trampling/excessive grazing at lower slopes by domestic livestock, and low temperature and low nutrient levels at higher slopes. We also found a unimodal relationship between plant species-richness and altitude at a single mountain as well as at the scale of entire Ladakh. The species-richness at the single mountain peaked between 5,000 and 5,200 m, while it peaked between 3,500 and 4,000 m at entire Ladakh level. Perhaps biotic factors such as grazing and precipitation are, respectively, important in generating this pattern at the single mountain and entire Ladakh.
C1 [Namgail, Tsewang; Mishra, Charudutt] Snow Leopard Trust & Nat Conservat Fdn, Mysore 570002, Karnataka, India.
[Namgail, Tsewang; van Wieren, Sipke E.; Prins, Herbert H. T.] Wageningen Univ, Resource Ecol Grp, Dept Environm Sci, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Rawat, Gopal S.] Wildlife Inst India, Dehra Dun 248001, Uttaranchal, India.
RP Namgail, T (reprint author), San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, USGS, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 505 Azuar Dr, Vallejo, CA 54592 USA.
EM namgail@ncf-india.org
FU Wageningen University; Rufford Small Grants Foundation; Wildlife
Conservation Society
FX This study was financially supported by the Wageningen University, the
Rufford Small Grants Foundation, and the Wildlife Conservation Society.
We thank Karma Sonam for his assistance in the field. We thank the
Director, Wildlife Institute of India for all the help to TN during his
stay in Dehradun. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their critical
comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript.
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PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK
PI TOKYO
PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065,
JAPAN
SN 0918-9440
J9 J PLANT RES
JI J. Plant Res.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 125
IS 1
BP 93
EP 101
DI 10.1007/s10265-011-0430-1
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 861YC
UT WOS:000298056000008
PM 21638006
ER
PT J
AU Leuthold, N
Adams, MJ
Hayes, JP
AF Leuthold, Niels
Adams, Michael J.
Hayes, John P.
TI Short-term response of Dicamptodon tenebrosus larvae to timber
management in southwestern Oregon
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Dicamptodon tenebrosus; forest management; mark-recapture; Oregon;
Pacific giant salamander; stream amphibians
ID HEADWATER STREAM AMPHIBIANS; NORTH COASTAL CALIFORNIA; YOUNG GROWTH
FORESTS; SPATIAL-PATTERN; HABITAT; WASHINGTON; NETWORKS; CANOPY; FISH
AB In the Pacific Northwest, previous studies have found a negative effect of timber management on the abundance of stream amphibians, but results have been variable and region specific. These studies have generally used survey methods that did not account for differences in capture probability and focused on stands that were harvested under older management practices. We examined the influences of contemporary forest practices on larval Dicamptodon tenebrosus as part of the Hinkle Creek paired watershed study. We used a markrecapture analysis to estimate D. tenebrosus density at 100 1-m sites spread throughout the basin and used extended linear models that accounted for correlation resulting from the repeated surveys at sites across years. Density was associated with substrate, but we found no evidence of an effect of harvest. While holding other factors constant, the model-averaged estimates indicated; 1) each 10% increase in small cobble or larger substrate increased median density of D. tenebrosus 1.05 times, 2) each 100-ha increase in the upstream area drained decreased median density of D. tenebrosus 0.96 times, and 3) increasing the fish density in the 40 m around a site by 0.01 increased median salamander density 1.01 times. Although this study took place in a single basin, it suggests that timber management in similar third-order basins of the southwestern Oregon Cascade foothills is unlikely to have short-term effects of D. tenebrosus larvae. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Leuthold, Niels] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Adams, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Hayes, John P.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Leuthold, N (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM nielsleuthold@gmail.com
RI Hayes, John/C-7967-2016
OI Hayes, John/0000-0002-6462-6876
FU Oregon State University Forest Research Lab; U.S. Geological Survey
Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center (FRESC)
FX We thank the Oregon State University Forest Research Lab's Fish and
Wildlife Habitat in Managed Forests Research Program for funding this
project. The U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem
Science Center (FRESC) aided in funding and supplied logistic support.
Roseburg Forest Products allowed us to access to their land and supplied
logistic support. The Watershed Research Cooperative and associated
scientists provided logistical and intellectual support throughout the
study. R. Gresswell and D. Bateman allowed us to access their fish
capture and substrate data for use in the analysis. D. Bateman and D.
Hockman-Wert listened to our needs and returned the fish and substrate
data in forms we could use in the analysis. N. Som helped scan data used
in the extended linear modeling for spatial autocorrelation. We could
not have completed this study without the help of field crews, C. Grant,
J. Conrad, J. Baldwin, B. Stout, S. Banks, C. Earle, N. Jander, and T.
Lewis. We thank A. Skaugset, C. Torgersen, and B. McCune for comments on
an earlier version of the manuscript. This is contribution number 380 of
the U. S. Geological Survey Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative
(ARMI). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 76
IS 1
BP 28
EP 37
DI 10.1002/jwmg.269
PG 10
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 869GQ
UT WOS:000298586200005
ER
PT J
AU Gude, JA
Mitchell, MS
Russell, RE
Sime, CA
Bangs, EE
Mech, LD
Ream, RR
AF Gude, Justin A.
Mitchell, Michael S.
Russell, Robin E.
Sime, Carolyn A.
Bangs, Edward E.
Mech, L. David
Ream, Robert R.
TI Wolf population dynamics in the US Northern Rocky Mountains are affected
by recruitment and human-caused mortality
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Canis lupus; harvest; human-caused mortality; Montana; Northern Rocky
Mountains; population dynamics; recruitment; wolf
ID UNITED-STATES; AERIAL SURVEY; WOLVES; MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION;
DEMOGRAPHY; PAIRS; PREY
AB Reliable analyses can help wildlife managers make good decisions, which are particularly critical for controversial decisions such as wolf (Canis lupus) harvest. Creel and Rotella (2010) recently predicted substantial population declines in Montana wolf populations due to harvest, in contrast to predictions made by Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks (MFWP). We replicated their analyses considering only those years in which field monitoring was consistent, and we considered the effect of annual variation in recruitment on wolf population growth. Rather than assuming constant rates, we used model selection methods to evaluate and incorporate models of factors driving recruitment and human-caused mortality rates in wolf populations in the Northern Rocky Mountains. Using data from 27 area-years of intensive wolf monitoring, we show that variation in both recruitment and human-caused mortality affect annual wolf population growth rates and that human-caused mortality rates have increased with the sizes of wolf populations. We document that recruitment rates have decreased over time, and we speculate that rates have decreased with increasing population sizes and/or that the ability of current field resources to document recruitment rates has recently become less successful as the number of wolves in the region has increased. Estimates of positive wolf population growth in Montana from our top models are consistent with field observations and estimates previously made by MFWP for 20082010, whereas the predictions for declining wolf populations of Creel and Rotella (2010) are not. Familiarity with limitations of raw data, obtained first-hand or through consultation with scientists who collected the data, helps generate more reliable inferences and conclusions in analyses of publicly available datasets. Additionally, development of efficient monitoring methods for wolves is a pressing need, so that analyses such as ours will be possible in future years when fewer resources will be available for monitoring. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Gude, Justin A.; Sime, Carolyn A.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Helena, MT 59620 USA.
[Mitchell, Michael S.] Univ Montana, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Russell, Robin E.] US Geol Survey, No Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Bangs, Edward E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
[Mech, L. David] Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, No Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Raptor Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Ream, Robert R.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk Commiss, Helena, MT 59620 USA.
[Ream, Robert R.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, USA, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Ream, Robert R.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Gude, JA (reprint author), Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, 1420 E 6th Ave, Helena, MT 59620 USA.
EM jgude@mt.gov
OI Russell, Robin/0000-0001-8726-7303
FU MFWP; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We dedicate this article to the hundreds of people who gave so much of
their time, energy, and resources to collect the data that we used and
to make the wolf recovery and conservation program in the Northern
Rockies the success it has been since 1979. In particular, we
acknowledge the contributions of M. Jimenez, D. Smith, J. Fontaine, T.
Meier, D. Boyd, J. Holyan, C. Mack, V. Asher, L. Bradley, M. Ross, K.
Laudon, J. Trapp, N. Lance, S. Nadeau, J. Rachel, I. Babcock, J.
Husseman, and M. Lucid. Other employees and volunteers affiliated with
the USFWS, the National Park Service, United States Forest Service, the
United States Bureau of Land Management, United States Department of
Agriculture Wildlife Services, academic institutions, Nez Perce Tribe,
Blackfeet Nation, Confederated Salish, and Kootenai Tribe, Turner
Endangered Species Fund, MFWP, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and
Wyoming Game and Fish also contributed greatly to the data set we used
for our analyses. We are indebted to the citizens and private landowners
of the region who reported wolves or wolf sign to agency personnel,
which was often the first step in verifying a new wolf pack. We thank
our pilots for their interest, dedication, and years of safe flying.
Finally, we thank the past and current members of the MFWP Commission
for embracing adaptive management principles embodied in Montana's wolf
plan and further utilizing science and predictive models to aid in their
decisions on wolf harvest. Our work on this manuscript was funded by
MFWP, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the U.S. Geological
Survey. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. K. Laudon and K. Proffitt
provided valuable discussions that improved this manuscript. D.
Pletscher, L. S. Mills, J. Rotella, S. Creel, 2 anonymous reviewers, and
Associate Editor K. McKelvey provided constructive comments and
criticism on previous drafts, and thereby improved this manuscript. Any
shortcomings in this article, however, are not attributable to these
individuals, and their efforts do not necessarily imply agreement with
all aspects of this manuscript.
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PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 76
IS 1
BP 108
EP 118
DI 10.1002/jwmg.201
PG 11
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 869GQ
UT WOS:000298586200014
ER
PT J
AU Mace, RD
Carney, DW
Chilton-Radandt, T
Courville, SA
Haroldson, MA
Harris, RB
Jonkel, J
Mclellan, B
Madel, M
Manley, TL
Schwartz, CC
Servheen, C
Stenhouse, G
Waller, JS
Wenum, E
AF Mace, Richard D.
Carney, Daniel W.
Chilton-Radandt, Tonya
Courville, Stacy A.
Haroldson, Mark A.
Harris, Richard B.
Jonkel, James
Mclellan, Bruce
Madel, Michael
Manley, Timothy L.
Schwartz, Charles C.
Servheen, Christopher
Stenhouse, Gordon
Waller, John S.
Wenum, Erik
TI Grizzly bear population vital rates and trend in the Northern
Continental Divide Ecosystem, Montana
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE grizzly bear; lambda; Montana; mortality; population trend;
reproduction; survival; Ursus arctos
ID OF-THE-YEAR; BROWN BEARS; SURVIVAL; REPRODUCTION; DEMOGRAPHY; FEMALES;
DESIGN; BLACK; AGE
AB We estimated grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) population vital rates and trend for the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem (NCDE), Montana, between 2004 and 2009 by following radio-collared females and observing their fate and reproductive performance. Our estimates of dependent cub and yearling survival were 0.612 (95% CI = 0.3000.818) and 0.682 (95% CI = 0.2580.898). Our estimates of subadult and adult female survival were 0.852 (95% CI = 0.6280.951) and 0.952 (95% CI = 0.8920.980). From visual observations, we estimated a mean litter size of 2.00 cubs/litter. Accounting for cub mortality prior to the first observations of litters in spring, our adjusted mean litter size was 2.27?cubs/litter. We estimated the probabilities of females transitioning from one reproductive state to another between years. Using the stable state probability of 0.322 (95% CI = 0.2620.382) for females with cub litters, our adjusted fecundity estimate (mx) was 0.367 (95% CI = 0.2730.461). Using our derived rates, we estimated that the population grew at a mean annual rate of approximately 3% (lambda= 1.0306, 95% CI = 0.9281.102), and 71.5% of 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations produced estimates of lambda> 1.0. Our results indicate an increasing population trend of grizzly bears in the NCDE. Coupled with concurrent studies of population size, we estimate that over 1,000 grizzly bears reside in and adjacent to this recovery area. We suggest that monitoring of population trend and other vital rates using radioed females be continued. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Mace, Richard D.; Chilton-Radandt, Tonya; Manley, Timothy L.; Wenum, Erik] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA.
[Carney, Daniel W.] Blackfeet Tribe, Blackfeet Fish & Wildlife Dept, Browning, MT 59417 USA.
[Courville, Stacy A.] Confederated Salish & Kootenai Tribe, Polson, MT 59860 USA.
[Haroldson, Mark A.; Schwartz, Charles C.] Montana State Univ, US Geol Survey, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Forestry Sci Lab,No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Harris, Richard B.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Jonkel, James] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Missoula, MT 59804 USA.
[Mclellan, Bruce] British Columbia Minist, Forests Res Branch, Darcy, BC V0N 1L0, Canada.
[Madel, Michael] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Rocky Mt Front Field Off, Choteau, MT 59422 USA.
[Servheen, Christopher] Univ Montana, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Stenhouse, Gordon] Foothills Res Inst, Hinton, AB T7V 1X7, Canada.
[Waller, John S.] Natl Pk Serv, W Glacier, MT 59936 USA.
RP Mace, RD (reprint author), Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, 490 N Meridian Rd, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA.
EM rmace@mt.gov
NR 44
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 6
U2 46
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 76
IS 1
BP 119
EP 128
DI 10.1002/jwmg.250
PG 10
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 869GQ
UT WOS:000298586200015
ER
PT J
AU Norton, AS
Diefenbach, DR
Wallingford, BD
Rosenberry, CS
AF Norton, Andrew S.
Diefenbach, Duane R.
Wallingford, Bret D.
Rosenberry, Christopher S.
TI Spatio-temporal variation in male white-tailed deer harvest rates in
Pennsylvania: Implications for estimating abundance
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE harvest rates; Odocoileus virginianus; Pennsylvania; spatio-temporal
variation; white-tailed deer
ID POPULATION RECONSTRUCTION; MODEL; EFFICIENCY; PRECISION; MORTALITY;
ILLINOIS; HUNTERS
AB The performance of 2 popular methods that use age-at-harvest data to estimate abundance of white-tailed deer is contingent on assumptions about variation in estimates of subadult (1.5?yr old) and adult (=2.5?yr old) male harvest rates. Auxiliary data (e.g., estimates of survival or harvest rates from radiocollared animals) can be used to relax some assumptions, but unless these population parameters exhibit limited temporal or spatial variation, these auxiliary data may not improve accuracy. Unfortunately maintaining sufficient sample sizes of radiocollared deer for parameter estimation in every wildlife management unit (WMU) is not feasible for most state agencies. We monitored the fates of 397 subadult and 225 adult male white-tailed deer across 4 WMUs from 2002 to 2008 using radio telemetry. We investigated spatial and temporal variation in harvest rates and investigated covariates related to the patterns observed. We found that most variation in harvest rates was explained spatially and that adult harvest rates (0.360.69) were more variable among study areas than subadult harvest rates (0.260.42). We found that hunter effort during the archery and firearms season best explained variation in harvest rates of adult males among WMUs, whereas hunter effort during only the firearms season best explained harvest rates for subadult males. From a population estimation perspective, it is advantageous that most variation was spatial and explained by a readily obtained covariate (hunter effort). However, harvest rates may vary if hunting regulations or hunter behavior change, requiring additional field studies to obtain accurate estimates of harvest rates. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Diefenbach, Duane R.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Wallingford, Bret D.; Rosenberry, Christopher S.] Penn Game Commiss, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA.
RP Norton, AS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, A141 Russell Labs,1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM nort0160@umn.edu
FU Pennsylvania Game Commission; U.S. Geological Survey; national and local
chapters of the Quality Deer Management Association; Pennsylvania Deer
Association; Pennsylvania Audubon Society; Pennsylvania Department of
Conservation and Natural Resources
FX Support for this research was provided by the Pennsylvania Game
Commission, U.S. Geological Survey, national and local chapters of the
Quality Deer Management Association, Pennsylvania Deer Association,
Pennsylvania Audubon Society, and the Pennsylvania Department of
Conservation and Natural Resources. E. Long and M. Keenan (previous
Pennsylvania State University graduate students), and J. Fleegle and W.
Cottrell (Pennsylvania Game Commission) helped facilitate and provide
assistance with deer trapping and data collection. We thank the numerous
technicians, volunteers, and landowners who assisted in the study. Also,
we thank and acknowledge M. Grund and T. Van Deelen for their reviews of
an earlier draft. Use of trade names does not imply endorsement by the
federal government.
NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 76
IS 1
BP 136
EP 143
DI 10.1002/jwmg.249
PG 8
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 869GQ
UT WOS:000298586200017
ER
PT J
AU Cain, JW
Owen-Smith, N
Macandza, VA
AF Cain, J. W., III
Owen-Smith, N.
Macandza, V. A.
TI The costs of drinking: comparative water dependency of sable antelope
and zebra
SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Equus quagga; Hippotragus niger; movement costs; sable antelope; water
dependency; zebra
ID KRUGER-NATIONAL-PARK; DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS; AFRICAN HERBIVORES;
SOUTH-AFRICA; SAVANNA; THERMOREGULATION; LANDSCAPE; RESPONSES
AB Resource partitioning among the ungulate species occupying African savanna ecosystems has been well documented in relation to food resources and habitat features, but few studies have addressed how distinctions in surface water dependency contribute to coexistence. During the dry season surface water becomes restricted to a few perennial sources, while the food resources remaining at this time are also most limited in quantity, especially near water where animals congregate to drink. We compared the movement patterns to and from water of sable antelope Hippotragus niger and zebra Equus quagga herds in Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa. Owing to distinctions in their digestive systems, we expected sable to drink less frequently than zebra, allowing sable to occupy regions further from surface water than zebra. Sable travelled to water at 24-day intervals, versus 12-day intervals for zebra. However, sable travelled c. 25% greater distances to water due to the location of their late dry season home ranges relative to perennial water sources; zebra home ranges were generally closer to water sources. Travelling 1015 km to and from water substantially reduced time spent foraging and resting by both species on days when animals drank. Longer intervals between travel to water by the sable antelope herd enabled it to occupy regions of the landscape further from water than those heavily exploited by the more common grazers during the critical dry season months. By avoiding concentrations of other grazers, the sable also probably gained a reduction in predation risk, balancing the substantial costs in terms of time and energy associated with travel to water. Thereby the distinctions in water dependency of this relatively rare grazer facilitated its coexistence alongside more abundant grazers in the KNP.
C1 [Cain, J. W., III; Owen-Smith, N.; Macandza, V. A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Ctr African Ecol, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, ZA-2050 Wits, South Africa.
RP Cain, JW (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, Box 30003,MSC 4901, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM jwcain@nmsu.edu
FU South African National Parks; Kruger National Park Scientific Services;
Wildlife Veterinary Services; National Research Foundation; University
of the Witwatersrand; Education for Nature Programme of the World
Wildlife Fund; African Wildlife Foundation; Mellon Foundation; Ministry
of Science and Technology of Mozambique
FX We thank South African National Parks, Kruger National Park Scientific
Services and Wildlife Veterinary Services for their support of the study
and for capturing study animals for placement of GPS collars. Comments
by two anonymous reviewers improved an earlier draft of this paper. This
research was supported by a National Research Foundation Grant to Norman
Owen-Smith. James W. Cain was supported by postdoctoral fellowships from
the University of the Witwatersrand and the National Research
Foundation. Education for Nature Programme of the World Wildlife Fund,
African Wildlife Foundation, Mellon Foundation Mentoring Programme and
Ministry of Science and Technology of Mozambique are thanked for funding
Valerio Macandza's PhD study.
NR 33
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 7
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0952-8369
J9 J ZOOL
JI J. Zool.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 286
IS 1
BP 58
EP 67
DI 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00848.x
PG 10
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 862MK
UT WOS:000298095500007
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, J
DeAngelis, DL
Smith, TJ
Teh, SY
Koh, HL
AF Jiang, Jiang
DeAngelis, Donald L.
Smith, Thomas J., III
Teh, Su Yean
Koh, Hock-Lye
TI Spatial pattern formation of coastal vegetation in response to external
gradients and positive feedbacks affecting soil porewater salinity: a
model study
SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Individual-based model; Positive feedback; Environmental gradient;
Ecotone; Vegetation aggregation; Mangrove vegetation
ID TREELINE ECOTONES; MANGROVE FORESTS; SIMULATION-MODEL; INLAND MANGROVES;
DYNAMICS; FLORIDA; COMPETITION; EVERGLADES; AUSTRALIA; HABITATS
AB Coastal vegetation of South Florida typically comprises salinity-tolerant mangroves bordering salinity-intolerant hardwood hammocks and fresh water marshes. Two primary ecological factors appear to influence the maintenance of mangrove/hammock ecotones against changes that might occur due to disturbances. One of these is a gradient in one or more environmental factors. The other is the action of positive feedback mechanisms, in which each vegetation community influences its local environment to favor itself, reinforcing the boundary between communities. The relative contributions of these two factors, however, can be hard to discern. A spatially explicit individual-based model of vegetation, coupled with a model of soil hydrology and salinity dynamics is presented here to simulate mangrove/hammock ecotones in the coastal margin habitats of South Florida. The model simulation results indicate that an environmental gradient of salinity, caused by tidal flux, is the key factor separating vegetation communities, while positive feedback involving the different interaction of each vegetation type with the vadose zone salinity increases the sharpness of boundaries, and maintains the ecological resilience of mangrove/hammock ecotones against small disturbances. Investigation of effects of precipitation on positive feedback indicates that the dry season, with its low precipitation, is the period of strongest positive feedback.
C1 [Jiang, Jiang; DeAngelis, Donald L.] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.; Smith, Thomas J., III] US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Teh, Su Yean] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Math Sci, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
[Koh, Hock-Lye] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Civil Engn, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia.
RP DeAngelis, DL (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
EM ddeangelis@bio.miami.edu
RI Teh, Su Yean/B-3892-2011; Jiang, Jiang/H-1080-2012
OI Teh, Su Yean/0000-0003-4404-661X; Jiang, Jiang/0000-0001-5058-8664
FU USGS Southeast Ecological Science Center; USGS Ecosystems Mapping; USGS
Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science
FX We thank Leonel Sternberg, David Janos, Dennis Krohn and Catherine
Langtimm for helpful comments on the manuscript. This research was
partially supported by the FISCHS Project (Future Impacts of Sea Level
Rise on Coastal Habitats and Species) at the USGS Southeast Ecological
Science Center, funded by USGS Ecosystems Mapping and the USGS Greater
Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science. We appreciate the help of G. Rob
Burgess with access of cluster server.
NR 40
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 38
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2973
J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL
JI Landsc. Ecol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 27
IS 1
BP 109
EP 119
DI 10.1007/s10980-011-9689-9
PG 11
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 864HI
UT WOS:000298228300009
ER
PT J
AU Reed, SC
Wood, TE
Cavaleri, MA
AF Reed, Sasha C.
Wood, Tana E.
Cavaleri, Molly A.
TI Tropical forests in a warming world
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE carbon cycling; climate change; photosynthesis; respiration; rising
temperature; tropical forests
ID RAIN-FOREST; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; TREE GROWTH; PATTERNS
C1 [Reed, Sasha C.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
[Wood, Tana E.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, San Juan, PR 00926 USA.
[Wood, Tana E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94209 USA.
[Cavaleri, Molly A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
RP Reed, SC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, 2290 SW Resource Blvd, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
EM screed@usgs.gov
NR 14
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0028-646X
EI 1469-8137
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 193
IS 1
BP 27
EP 29
DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03985.x
PG 3
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 865HC
UT WOS:000298300800008
PM 22136501
ER
PT J
AU Hitt, NP
Roberts, JH
AF Hitt, Nathaniel P.
Roberts, James H.
TI Hierarchical spatial structure of stream fish colonization and
extinction
SO OIKOS
LA English
DT Article
ID ECOLOGICAL DATA; UNITED-STATES; DIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; RIVER;
ASSEMBLAGES; HOMOGENIZATION; CLASSIFICATION; BIOASSESSMENT; VARIABILITY
AB Spatial variation in extinction and colonization is expected to influence community composition over time. In stream fish communities, local species richness (alpha diversity) and species turnover (beta diversity) are thought to be regulated by high extinction rates in headwater streams and high colonization rates in downstream areas. We evaluated the spatiotemporal structure of fish communities in streams originally surveyed by Burton and Odum 1945 (Ecology 26: 182194) in Virginia, USA and explored the effects of species traits on extinction and colonization dynamics. We documented dramatic changes in fish community structure at both the site and stream scales. Of the 34 fish species observed, 20 (59%) were present in both time periods, but 11 (32%) colonized the study area and three (9%) were extirpated over time. Within streams, alpha diversity increased in two of three streams but beta diversity decreased dramatically in all streams due to fish community homogenization caused by colonization of common species and extirpation of rare species. Among streams, however, fish communities differentiated over time. Regression trees indicated that reproductive life-history traits such as spawning mound construction, associations with mound-building species, and high fecundity were important predictors of species persistence or colonization. Conversely, native fishes not associated with mound-building exhibited the highest rates of extirpation from streams. Our results demonstrate that stream fish colonization and extinction dynamics exhibit hierarchical spatial structure and suggest that mound-building fishes serve as keystone species for colonization of headwater streams.
C1 [Hitt, Nathaniel P.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Roberts, James H.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Hitt, NP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM nhitt@usgs.gov
NR 64
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 3
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0030-1299
EI 1600-0706
J9 OIKOS
JI Oikos
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 121
IS 1
BP 127
EP 137
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19482.x
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 867VZ
UT WOS:000298484200014
ER
PT J
AU Proctor, MF
Paetkau, D
Mclellan, BN
Stenhouse, GB
Kendall, KC
Mace, RD
Kasworm, WF
Servheen, C
Lausen, CL
Gibeau, ML
Wakkinen, WL
Haroldson, MA
Mowat, G
Apps, CD
Ciarniello, LM
Barclay, RMR
Boyce, MS
Schwartz, CC
Strobeck, C
AF Proctor, Michael F.
Paetkau, David
Mclellan, Bruce N.
Stenhouse, Gordon B.
Kendall, Katherine C.
Mace, Richard D.
Kasworm, Wayne F.
Servheen, Christopher
Lausen, Cori L.
Gibeau, Michael L.
Wakkinen, Wayne L.
Haroldson, Mark A.
Mowat, Garth
Apps, Clayton D.
Ciarniello, Lana M.
Barclay, Robert M. R.
Boyce, Mark S.
Schwartz, Charles C.
Strobeck, Curtis
TI Population fragmentation and inter-ecosystem movements of grizzly bears
in western Canada and the northern United States
SO WILDLIFE MONOGRAPHS
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; demographic fragmentation; DNA; gene flow; grizzly bear;
microsatellites; population assignment; population fragmentation; radio
telemetry; Ursus arctos
ID GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM; BANFF NATIONAL-PARK; INDUSTRIAL RESOURCE
EXTRACTION; SOUTHEASTERN BRITISH-COLUMBIA; GENE FLOW; URSUS-ARCTOS;
BROWN BEARS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION
AB Population fragmentation compromises population viability, reduces a species ability to respond to climate change, and ultimately may reduce biodiversity. We studied the current state and potential causes of fragmentation in grizzly bears over approximately 1,000,000 km(2) of western Canada, the northern United States (US), and southeast Alaska. We compiled much of our data from projects undertaken with a variety of research objectives including population estimation and trend, landscape fragmentation, habitat selection, vital rates, and response to human development. Our primary analytical techniques stemmed from genetic analysis of 3,134 bears, supplemented with radiotelemetry data from 792 bears. We used 15 locus microsatellite data coupled with measures of genetic distance, isolation-by-distance (IBD) analysis, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), linear multiple regression, multi-factorial correspondence analysis (to identify population divisions or fractures with no a priori assumption of group membership), and population-assignment methods to detect individual migrants between immediately adjacent areas. These data corroborated observations of inter-area movements from our telemetry database. In northern areas, we found a spatial genetic pattern of IBD, although there was evidence of natural fragmentation from the rugged heavily glaciated coast mountains of British Columbia (BC) and the Yukon. These results contrasted with the spatial pattern of fragmentation in more southern parts of their distribution. Near the Canada-US border area, we found extensive fragmentation that corresponded to settled mountain valleys and major highways. Genetic distances across developed valleys were elevated relative to those across undeveloped valleys in central and northern BC. In disturbed areas, most inter-area movements detected were made by male bears, with few female migrants identified. Northsouth movements within mountain ranges (Mts) and across BC Highway 3 were more common than eastwest movements across settled mountain valleys separating Mts. Our results suggest that relatively distinct subpopulations exist in this region, including the Cabinet, Selkirk South, and the decades-isolated Yellowstone populations. Current movement rates do not appear sufficient to consider the subpopulations we identify along the Canada-US border as 1 inter-breeding unit. Although we detected enough male movement to mediate gene flow, the current low rate of female movement detected among areas is insufficient to provide a demographic rescue effect between areas in the immediate future (0-15 yr). In Alberta, we found fragmentation corresponded to major eastwest highways (Highways 3, 11, 16, and 43) and most inter-area movements were made by males. Gene flow and movement rates between Alberta and BC were highest across the Continental Divide south of Highway 1 and north of Highway 16. In the central region between Highways 1 and 11, we found evidence of natural fragmentation associated with the extensive glaciers and icefields along the Continental Divide. The discontinuities that we identified would form appropriate boundaries for management units. We related sex-specific movement rates between adjacent areas to several metrics of human use (highway traffic, settlement, and human-caused mortality) to understand the causes of fragmentation. This analysis used data from 1,508 bears sampled over a 161,500-km(2) area in southeastern BC, western Alberta, northern Idaho, and northern Montana during 1979-2007.
This area was bisected by numerous humantransportation and settlement corridors of varying intensity and complexity. We used multiple linear regression and ANCOVA to document the responses of female and male bears to disturbance. Males and females both demonstrated reduced movement rates with increasing settlement and traffic. However, females reduced their movement rates dramatically when settlement increased to >20% of the fracture zone. At this same threshold, male movement declined more gradually, in response to increased traffic and further settlement. In highly settled areas (>50%), both sexes had a similar reduction in movements in response to traffic, settlement, and mortality. We documented several small bear populations with male-only immigration, highlighting the importance of investigating sex-specific movements. Without female connectivity, small populations are not viable over the long term. The persistence of this regional female fragmented metapopulation likely will require strategic connectivity management. We therefore recommend enhancing female connectivity among fractured areas by securing linkage-zone habitat appropriate for female dispersal, and ensuring current large source subpopulations remain intact. The fragmentation we documented may also affect other species with similar ecological characteristics: sparse densities, slow reproduction, short male-biased dispersal, and a susceptibility to human-caused mortality and habitat degradation. Therefore, regional inter-jurisdictional efforts to manage broad landscapes for inter-area movement will likely benefit a broad spectrum of species and natural processes, particularly in light of climate change. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Proctor, Michael F.; Lausen, Cori L.] Birchdale Ecol Ltd, Kaslo, BC V0G 1M0, Canada.
[Paetkau, David] Wildlife Genet Int, Nelson, BC V1L 5P9, Canada.
[Mclellan, Bruce N.] British Columbia Minist Forests Lands & Nat Resou, Darcy, BC V0N 1L0, Canada.
[Stenhouse, Gordon B.] Foothills Res Inst, Hinton, AB T7V 1X6, Canada.
[Kendall, Katherine C.] US Geol Survey, Glacier Field Stn, W Glacier, MT 59923 USA.
[Mace, Richard D.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA.
[Kasworm, Wayne F.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Libby, MT 59923 USA.
[Servheen, Christopher] Univ Montana, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Gibeau, Michael L.] Pk Canada, Banff, AB T0L 1E0, Canada.
[Wakkinen, Wayne L.] Idaho Fish & Game, Bonners Ferry, ID 83805 USA.
[Haroldson, Mark A.; Schwartz, Charles C.] Montana State Univ, Forestry Sci Lab, Interagcy Grizzly Bear Study Team, US Geol Survey,No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr,, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Mowat, Garth] British Columbia Minist Forests Lands & Nat Resou, Nelson, BC V1L 4K3, Canada.
[Apps, Clayton D.] Aspen Wildlife Res Inc, Calgary, AB T2M 4H9, Canada.
[Ciarniello, Lana M.; Boyce, Mark S.; Strobeck, Curtis] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
[Barclay, Robert M. R.] Univ Calgary, Dept Biol Sci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
RP Proctor, MF (reprint author), Birchdale Ecol Ltd, POB 606, Kaslo, BC V0G 1M0, Canada.
EM mproctor@netidea.com
RI Barclay, Robert/D-5514-2012; Boyce, Mark/A-2620-2014
OI Boyce, Mark/0000-0001-5811-325X
FU Alberta Ingenuity; Alberta Sustainable Resource Development; Foothills
Research Institute; BC Forest Investment Accounts; BC Grizzly Bear
Conservation Strategy; BC Ministry of Environment; BC Ministry of
Forests and Range; BC Parks; Canadian Forest Products Ltd.; Canon
Corporation; Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Compensation Program;
EarthWatch Institute; Forest Renewal BC; Habitat Conservation Trust
Foundation; Idaho Fish and Game; Killam Foundation; Liz Claiborne Art
Ortenberg Foundation; McIntyre-Stennis grants; Montana Fish Wildlife and
Parks; McGregor Model Forest Association; National Fish and Wildlife
Foundation; Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada;
Parks Canada; Pas Lumber; Slocan Forest Products Ltd.; Tembec Industries
Inc.; Novogold Inc.; US Geological Survey; US Fish and Wildlife Service;
US Forest Service; US National Park Service; Wilburforce Foundation;
Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative
FX Much of the data we used in the monograph were originally collected
within projects for reasons other than what we examine here. Many years
of research in the various areas should be highlighted, without which
this monograph would not exist. We thank lead researchers (and their
staff) for their extensive work and generous inclusion of their data in
this monograph, and J. G. Woods in particular, of the West Slopes
Grizzly Bear Research Project. We also thank those who provided
additional genetic samples: R. Flynn, T. Heard, J. Weaver, R. Maraj, H.
Schwantje, BC Ministry of Environment, B. McClymont, and the Alberta
Sustainable Resource Development. We thank the many field workers that
collected genetic samples, trapped and radiocollared bears, and
laboratory technicians, including J. Bergenske, D. Carney, H. Carriles,
M. Cattet, N. Caulkett, T. Chilton, J. Cranston, C. Doyon, B. Goski, R.
Hickle, S. Himmer, D. Hobson, J. Honeyman, F. Hovey, M. Johnson, C.
Kenyon, T. Larsen, J. Lee, G. MacHutchon, C. Mamo, T. Manley, A.
MacLeod, M. McLellan, R. Munro, J. Norris, E. Penn, K. Peterson, T.
Radandt, I. Ross (deceased), G. Sanders, D. Schirokauer, W. Simoneau, J.
Stetz, M. Urquhart, E. Wenum, and C. Wilson. We thank the following
agencies for research funding: Alberta Ingenuity, Alberta Sustainable
Resource Development, Foothills Research Institute, BC Forest Investment
Accounts, BC Grizzly Bear Conservation Strategy, BC Ministry of
Environment, BC Ministry of Forests and Range, BC Parks, Canadian Forest
Products Ltd., Canon Corporation, Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife
Compensation Program, EarthWatch Institute, Forest Renewal BC, Habitat
Conservation Trust Foundation, Idaho Fish and Game, Killam Foundation,
Liz Claiborne Art Ortenberg Foundation, McIntyre-Stennis grants, Montana
Fish Wildlife and Parks, McGregor Model Forest Association, National
Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Natural Science and Engineering Research
Council of Canada, Parks Canada, Pas Lumber, Slocan Forest Products
Ltd., Tembec Industries Inc., Novogold Inc., US Geological Survey, US
Fish and Wildlife Service, US Forest Service, US National Park Service,
Wilburforce Foundation, Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative.
For covering publication costs, we thank the US Fish and Wildlife
Service.
NR 222
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 22
U2 198
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0084-0173
J9 WILDLIFE MONOGR
JI Wildl. Monogr.
PD JAN
PY 2012
IS 180
BP 1
EP 46
DI 10.1002/wmon.6
PG 46
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 866BY
UT WOS:000298355800001
ER
PT J
AU Codjoe, SNA
Atidoh, LK
Burkett, V
AF Codjoe, Samuel Nii Ardey
Atidoh, Lucy Kafui
Burkett, Virginia
TI Gender and occupational perspectives on adaptation to climate extremes
in the Afram Plains of Ghana
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID FOOD SECURITY; VULNERABILITY; VARIABILITY; IMPACT
AB Although sub-Saharan Africa does not contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, significant adverse impacts of climate change are anticipated in this region. Countries in West Africa, which are heavily dependent on rain-fed agriculture, are projected to experience more frequent and intense droughts, altered rainfall patterns and increases in temperature through the end of this century. Changes in hydrology and temperature are likely to affect crop yields, thereby placing pressure on scarce resources in a region that is characterised by limited social, political, technical and financial resources. The success with which communities cope with the impacts of climate change is influenced by existing conditions, forces and characteristics which are peculiar to each of these communities. This paper assesses the preferred adaptation strategies during floods and droughts of males and females in three different occupations (farming, fishing, and charcoal production). Findings are based upon an analysis of focus group discussions and a ranking of preferred adaptation options in three communities in the Afram Plains of Ghana. Assessments of this nature should aid in the selection and implementation of adaptation options for communities and households, which is the level at which climate change adaptation is likely to occur in West Africa.
C1 [Codjoe, Samuel Nii Ardey; Atidoh, Lucy Kafui] Univ Ghana, Reg Inst Populat Studies, Legon, Ghana.
[Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Many, LA 71449 USA.
RP Codjoe, SNA (reprint author), Univ Ghana, Reg Inst Populat Studies, POB LG 96, Legon, Ghana.
EM scodjoe@ug.edu.gh; lucyatidoh@yahoo.com; virginia_burkett@usgs.gov
FU United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) [CCP 07 08];
Climate Change and Learning Observatory Network in Ghana
[EEM-A-00-66-00014]; United States Agency for International Development
FX We are grateful to the United Nations Institute for Training and
Research (UNITAR) for providing funds for the Food Security and
Adaptation to Climate Change in the Afram Plains Project (# CCP 07 08).
Further support from the Climate Change and Learning Observatory Network
in Ghana Project (EEM-A-00-66-00014) sponsored by the United States
Agency for International Development is also acknowledged. We are also
grateful to Petra Tschakert of the Penn State University and Regina
Sagoe of the Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of
Ghana for assisting with data collection. We also want to take this
opportunity to sincerely thank the anonymous reviewers and the
Editor-in-Chief for their useful and constructive suggestions, which has
greatly enhanced the quality of this paper.
NR 47
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 110
IS 1-2
BP 431
EP 454
DI 10.1007/s10584-011-0237-z
PG 24
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 859XY
UT WOS:000297910300022
ER
PT S
AU Garland, J
Neilson, J
Laubach, SE
Whidden, KJ
AF Garland, J.
Neilson, J.
Laubach, S. E.
Whidden, K. J.
BE Garland, J
Neilson, JE
Laubach, SE
Whidden, KJ
TI Advances in carbonate exploration and reservoir analysis
SO ADVANCES IN CARBONATE EXPLORATION AND RESERVOIR ANALYSIS
SE Geological Society Special Publication
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Geological-Society-London Conference on Advances in Carbonate
Exploration and Reservoir Analysis
CY NOV, 2010
CL London, ENGLAND
SP Geol Soc London
ID HYDROTHERMAL DOLOMITE; GAS-FIELD; FRACTURE; FACIES; DIAGENESIS; OUTCROP;
CANADA; ANALOG; BASIN; FLOW
AB The development of innovative techniques and concepts, and the emergence of new plays in carbonate rocks are creating a resurgence of oil and gas discoveries worldwide. The maturity of a basin and the application of exploration concepts have a fundamental influence on exploration strategies. Exploration success often occurs in underexplored basins by applying existing established geological concepts. This approach is commonly undertaken when new basins 'open up' owing to previous political upheavals. The strategy of using new techniques in a proven mature area is particularly appropriate when dealing with unconventional resources (heavy oil, bitumen, stranded gas), while the application of new play concepts (such as lacustrine carbonates) to new areas (i.e. ultra-deep South Atlantic basins) epitomizes frontier exploration.
Many low-matrix-porosity hydrocarbon reservoirs are productive because permeability is controlled by fractures and faults. Understanding basic fracture properties is critical in reducing geological risk and therefore reducing well costs and increasing well recovery. The advent of resource plays in carbonate rocks, and the long-standing recognition of naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs means that new fracture and fault analysis and prediction techniques and concepts are essential.
Akey area of progress has been integration of stratigraphic, structural, geomechanical and diagenetic analysis to populate reservoir models accurately. Dramatic increases in computing and digital imaging capabilities are being harnessed to improve spatial analysis and spatial statistics in reservoirs and ultimately improve 3D geocellular models.
C1 [Garland, J.] Cambridge Carbonates Ltd, Solihull B91 3AP, W Midlands, England.
[Neilson, J.] Univ Aberdeen, Dept Geol & Petr Geol, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland.
[Laubach, S. E.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Bur Econ Geol, Austin, TX 78713 USA.
[Whidden, K. J.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Garland, J (reprint author), Cambridge Carbonates Ltd, Northampton House,Poplar Rd, Solihull B91 3AP, W Midlands, England.
EM jogarland@cambridgecarbonates.co.uk
RI Laubach, Stephen/A-5737-2009
OI Laubach, Stephen/0000-0003-2511-9414
NR 71
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 8
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBLISHING HOUSE
PI BATH
PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CTR, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON,
ENGLAND
SN 0305-8719
BN 978-1-86239-350-9
J9 GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL
JI Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ.
PY 2012
VL 370
BP 1
EP 15
DI 10.1144/SP370.15
PG 15
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA BB3PF
UT WOS:000342943700001
ER
PT B
AU Lemckert, F
Hecnar, SJ
Pilliod, DS
AF Lemckert, Francis
Hecnar, Stephen J.
Pilliod, David S.
BE Heatwole, H
Wilkinson, JW
TI Loss and Modification of Habitat
SO AMPHIBIAN BIOLOGY, VOL 10: CONSERVATION AND DECLINE OF AMPHIBIANS:
ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS, EFFECT OF HUMANS, AND MANAGEMENT
SE Amphibian Biology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID AMPHIBIAN SPECIES RICHNESS; OREGON COAST RANGE;
NOTOPHTHALMUS-VIRIDESCENS RAFINESQUE; SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN SALAMANDERS;
SOUTHWESTERN BRITISH-COLUMBIA; BUFO-CALAMITA METAPOPULATION; LONG-TOED
SALAMANDERS; POND WATER CHEMISTRY; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; FROG
HYLA-ARBOREA
C1 [Lemckert, Francis] Forests NSW, Forest Resources Res, Forest Biodivers, Beecroft, NSW 2119, Australia.
[Hecnar, Stephen J.] Lakehead Univ, Dept Biol, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada.
[Pilliod, David S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Snake River Field Stn, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
RP Lemckert, F (reprint author), Forests NSW, Forest Resources Res, Forest Biodivers, POB 100, Beecroft, NSW 2119, Australia.
EM frankl@sf.nsw.gov.au; stephen.hecnar@lakeheadu.ca; dpilliod@usgs.gov
NR 435
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU SURREY BEATTY & SONS
PI CHIPPING NORTON NSW
PA 32 RICKARD ROAD, CHIPPING NORTON NSW, 2170, AUSTRALIA
BN 978-0-9803113-7-2
J9 AMPH BIOL
JI Amphibian Biol.
PY 2012
VL 10
BP 3291
EP 3342
PG 52
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA BA8WC
UT WOS:000338902700004
ER
PT B
AU Pilliod, DS
Griffiths, RA
Kuzmin, SL
AF Pilliod, David S.
Griffiths, Richard A.
Kuzmin, Sergius L.
BE Heatwole, H
Wilkinson, JW
TI Ecological Impacts of Non-Native Species
SO AMPHIBIAN BIOLOGY, VOL 10: CONSERVATION AND DECLINE OF AMPHIBIANS:
ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS, EFFECT OF HUMANS, AND MANAGEMENT
SE Amphibian Biology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID BULLFROGS RANA-CATESBEIANA; RED-LEGGED FROGS; HIGH-ELEVATION LAKES;
SALAMANDERS AMBYSTOMA-MACRODACTYLUM; DECLINING AMPHIBIAN POPULATIONS;
EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; WESTERN
NORTH-AMERICA; BUFO-MARINUS ANURA; INTRODUCED BULLFROGS
C1 [Pilliod, David S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Snake River Field Stn, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Griffiths, Richard A.] Univ Kent, Durrell Inst Conservat & Ecol, Canterbury CT2 7NR, Kent, England.
[Kuzmin, Sergius L.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 119071, Russia.
RP Pilliod, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Snake River Field Stn, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
EM dpilliod@usgs.gov; R.A.Griffiths@kent.ac.uk; ipe51@yahoo.com
NR 314
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU SURREY BEATTY & SONS
PI CHIPPING NORTON NSW
PA 32 RICKARD ROAD, CHIPPING NORTON NSW, 2170, AUSTRALIA
BN 978-0-9803113-7-2
J9 AMPH BIOL
JI Amphibian Biol.
PY 2012
VL 10
BP 3343
EP 3382
PG 40
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA BA8WC
UT WOS:000338902700005
ER
PT B
AU Mineau, P
Porter, S
Meteyer, CU
AF Mineau, Pierre
Porter, Stuart
Meteyer, Carol Uphoff
BA Richards, N
BF Richards, N
TI Carbofuran: Toxicity, diagnosing poisoning and rehabilitation of
poisoned birds
SO CARBOFURAN AND WILDLIFE POISONING: GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES AND FORENSIC
APPROACHES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CARBAMATE-INHIBITED BRAIN; ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY; ANTICHOLINESTERASE
INSECTICIDES; CHOLINESTERASE REACTIVATION; GRANULAR INSECTICIDES;
LUMBRICUS-TERRESTRIS; COLINUS-VIRGINIANUS; AMERICAN KESTRELS; METHYL
PARATHION; BRITISH-COLUMBIA
C1 [Mineau, Pierre] Environm Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sci & Technol Branch, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
[Porter, Stuart] Blue Ridge Community Coll, Weyers Cave, VA 24486 USA.
[Meteyer, Carol Uphoff] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Mineau, P (reprint author), Environm Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sci & Technol Branch, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
NR 72
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 5
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-119-99854-9; 978-0-470-74523-6
PY 2012
BP 19
EP 38
PG 20
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology
GA BA5OO
UT WOS:000336905400003
ER
PT B
AU Mineau, P
Lyon, L
McMillin, S
AF Mineau, Pierre
Lyon, Linda
McMillin, Stella
BA Richards, N
BF Richards, N
TI Impacts of carbofuran on birds in Canada and the United States
SO CARBOFURAN AND WILDLIFE POISONING: GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES AND FORENSIC
APPROACHES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID GRANULAR CARBOFURAN; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; INSECTICIDE USE; FIELD; WILDLIFE;
PESTICIDE; MORTALITY; VEGETATION; CARBAMATE; RESIDUES
C1 [Mineau, Pierre] Environm Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sci & Technol Branch, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
[Lyon, Linda] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Refuge Syst, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[McMillin, Stella] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Pesticide Invest Unit, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA.
RP Mineau, P (reprint author), Environm Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sci & Technol Branch, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
NR 136
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-119-99854-9; 978-0-470-74523-6
PY 2012
BP 208
EP 250
PG 43
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology
GA BA5OO
UT WOS:000336905400009
ER
PT B
AU Mech, LD
AF Mech, L. David
BE Boitani, L
Powell, RA
TI Carnivore Ecology and Conservation A Handbook of Techniques Foreword
SO CARNIVORE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION: A HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES
SE Techniques in Ecology and Conservation Series
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
ID GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; WOLVES CANIS-LUPUS; FOX VULPES-VULPES; BADGER
MELES-MELES; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE MODELS; DOGS LYCAON-PICTUS; AFRICAN WILD
DOGS; WHITE-TAILED DEER; POPULATION VIABILITY ANALYSIS; RESOURCE
SELECTION FUNCTIONS
C1 [Mech, L. David] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Mech, L. David] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Mech, LD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
NR 2000
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 11
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA
BN 978-0-19-955853-7; 978-0-19-177454-6; 978-0-19-955852-0
J9 TECH ECOL CONSERVAT
PY 2012
BP V
EP +
D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558520.001.0001
PG 114
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA BC8GZ
UT WOS:000355680100001
ER
PT B
AU Fuller, MR
Fuller, TK
AF Fuller, Mark R.
Fuller, Todd K.
BE Boitani, L
Powell, RA
TI Radio-telemetry equipment and applications for carnivores
SO CARNIVORE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION: A HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES
SE Techniques in Ecology and Conservation Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Fuller, Mark R.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Fuller, Mark R.] Boise State Univ, Raptor Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Fuller, Todd K.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Fuller, MR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
EM mark_fuller@usgs.gov; tkfuller@eco.umass.edu
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA
BN 978-0-19-955853-7; 978-0-19-177454-6; 978-0-19-955852-0
J9 TECH ECOL CONSERVAT
PY 2012
BP 152
EP 168
D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558520.001.0001
PG 17
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA BC8GZ
UT WOS:000355680100008
ER
PT B
AU Pollock, KH
Nichols, JD
Karanth, KU
AF Pollock, Ken H.
Nichols, James D.
Karanth, K. Ullas
BE Boitani, L
Powell, RA
TI Estimating demographic parameters
SO CARNIVORE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION: A HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES
SE Techniques in Ecology and Conservation Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Pollock, Ken H.] Murdoch Univ, Ctr Fish & Fisheries Res, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
[Nichols, James D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Karanth, K. Ullas] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Ctr Wildlife Studies, Bangalore 560042, Karnataka, India.
RP Pollock, KH (reprint author), Murdoch Univ, Ctr Fish & Fisheries Res, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
EM K.Pollock@murdoch.edu.au; jnichols@usgs.gov; ukaranth@wcs.org
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA
BN 978-0-19-955853-7; 978-0-19-177454-6; 978-0-19-955852-0
J9 TECH ECOL CONSERVAT
PY 2012
BP 169
EP 187
D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558520.001.0001
PG 19
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA BC8GZ
UT WOS:000355680100009
ER
PT B
AU Mitchell, MS
Hebblewhite, M
AF Mitchell, Michael S.
Hebblewhite, Mark
BE Boitani, L
Powell, RA
TI Carnivore habitat ecology: integrating theory and application
SO CARNIVORE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION: A HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES
SE Techniques in Ecology and Conservation Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Mitchell, Michael S.] Univ Montana, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Hebblewhite, Mark] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Mitchell, MS (reprint author), Univ Montana, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, 205 Nat Sci Bldg, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM mike.mitchell@umontana.edu; mark.hebblewhite@cfc.umt.edu
RI hebblewhite, mark/G-6164-2013
NR 0
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA
BN 978-0-19-955853-7; 978-0-19-177454-6; 978-0-19-955852-0
J9 TECH ECOL CONSERVAT
PY 2012
BP 218
EP 255
D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558520.001.0001
PG 38
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA BC8GZ
UT WOS:000355680100011
ER
PT B
AU Gese, EM
Cooley, HS
Knowlton, FF
AF Gese, Eric M.
Cooley, Hilary S.
Knowlton, Frederick F.
BE Boitani, L
Powell, RA
TI Designing a monitoring plan
SO CARNIVORE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION: A HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES
SE Techniques in Ecology and Conservation Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Gese, Eric M.; Knowlton, Frederick F.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Cooley, Hilary S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Idaho Fish & Wildlife Off, Boise, ID 83709 USA.
RP Gese, EM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM eric.gese@usu.edu; hilarycooley@gmail.com; ffknowlton@msn.com
RI Gese, Eric/B-4578-2011
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA
BN 978-0-19-955853-7; 978-0-19-177454-6; 978-0-19-955852-0
J9 TECH ECOL CONSERVAT
PY 2012
BP 353
EP 361
D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558520.001.0001
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA BC8GZ
UT WOS:000355680100017
ER
PT S
AU Draut, AE
Redsteer, MH
Amoroso, L
AF Draut, Amy E.
Redsteer, Margaret Hiza
Amoroso, Lee
BE Giosan, L
Fuller, DQ
Nicoll, K
Flad, RK
Clift, PD
TI Recent Seasonal Variations in Arid Landscape Cover and Aeolian Sand
Mobility, Navajo Nation, Southwestern United States
SO CLIMATES, LANDSCAPES, AND CIVILIZATIONS
SE Geophysical Monograph Book Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT American-Geophysical-Union (AGU) Chapman Conference on Climates, Past
Landscapes, and Civilizations
CY MAR, 2011
CL Santa Fe, MEXICO
SP Amer Geophys Union
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; WIND-TUNNEL; DUNE SAND; MODEL; ENVIRONMENTS; VEGETATION;
TRANSPORT; EXAMPLES; DYNAMICS; IMPACTS
AB The socioeconomic impacts of climate change pose problems not only in developing countries but also to residents of arid lands in the United States among marginalized societies with limited economic means. In the Navajo Nation, warming temperatures and recent drought have increased aeolian sediment mobility such that large, migrating sand dunes affect grazing lands, housing, and road access. Dust derived from this region also affects albedo and longevity of the Rocky Mountains snowpack, located downwind. We present initial results from a study that monitors sand transport and vegetation within a 0.2 km(2) site in the Navajo lands, measuring the effects of drought on landscape stability since 2009. Sand mobility decreased substantially as 1 year with near-normal monsoon rainfall (2010) somewhat abated a decade-long drought, temporarily doubling vegetation cover. Vegetation that grew during 2010, with adequate rain, died off rapidly during dry conditions in 2011. Short-term increases in rainfall that promote annual, but not perennial, plant growth will not improve landscape stability in the long term. Climate projections suggest that a warmer, drier climate and potentially enhanced sediment supply from ephemeral washes will further increase aeolian sand transport and dune activity, worsening the present challenges to people living in this region. Connections among climate, vegetation, and aeolian sediment erodibility in this region are highly relevant to other areas of the world with similar environmental problems.
C1 [Draut, Amy E.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Redsteer, Margaret Hiza; Amoroso, Lee] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
RP Draut, AE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM adraut@usgs.gov
OI Hiza Redsteer, Margaret/0000-0003-2851-2502; East,
Amy/0000-0002-9567-9460
FU U. S. Geological Survey
FX This study was supported by the U. S. Geological Survey. We thank the
Navajo Nation, and the Biggambler family, in particular, for allowing
this study to occur in their grazing lands. R. L. Reynolds, editor K.
Nichols, and three anonymous reviewers provided constructive review
comments that improved the manuscript.
NR 48
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0065-8448
BN 978-0-87590-488-7
J9 GEOPHYS MONOGR SER
PY 2012
VL 198
BP 51
EP 60
DI 10.1029/2012GM001214
PG 10
WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology
GA BA3RK
UT WOS:000334687700006
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Coastal Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerabilities A Technical Input to
the 2013 National Climate Assessment Introduction and Context
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; GULF-OF-MEXICO; ANTARCTIC
ICE-SHEET; LONG-TERM TRENDS; CHESAPEAKE-BAY; WAVE CLIMATE; STORM-SURGE;
NORTH-ATLANTIC; WATER-QUALITY
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 654
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 1
EP +
DI 10.5822/978-1-610914604_1
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 51
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200001
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Physical Climate Forces
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
OI thieler, e/0000-0003-4311-9717
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 10
EP 51
DI 10.5822/978-1-61091460-4_2
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 42
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200002
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Vulnerability and Impacts on Natural Resources
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 52
EP 65
DI 10.5822/978-1-61091-4604_3
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200003
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Vulnerability and Impacts on Human Development
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 66
EP 97
DI 10.5822/978-1-610914604_4
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 32
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200004
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Adaptation and Mitigation
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
OI Preston, Benjamin/0000-0002-7966-2386
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 98
EP 118
DI 10.5822/978-1-610914604_5
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200005
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Information Gaps and Science Needed to Support Sustainable Coasts
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 119
EP 124
DI 10.5822/978-1-61091-4604_6
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200006
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Chesapeake Bay Case Study
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 125
EP 140
DI 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200007
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Northern Gulf of Mexico Case Study
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 141
EP 143
DI 10.5822/978-1-61091460-4
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200008
ER
PT B
AU Brown, ML
Schaeffer, TW
Rosentrater, KA
Barnes, ME
Muthukumarappan, K
AF Brown, Michael L.
Schaeffer, Travis W.
Rosentrater, Kurt A.
Barnes, Michael E.
Muthukumarappan, K.
BE Liu, K
Rosentrater, KA
TI Feeding DDGS to Finfish
SO DISTILLERS GRAINS: PRODUCTION, PROPERTIES, AND UTILIZATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; FINGERLING CHANNEL CATFISH; TILAPIA
OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; JUVENILE HYBRID TILAPIA;
SALMON SALMO-SALAR; PANTOTHENIC-ACID REQUIREMENT; ESSENTIAL FATTY-ACIDS;
TWIN-SCREW EXTRUSION; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL REQUIREMENT
C1 [Brown, Michael L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Schaeffer, Travis W.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Yankton, SD USA.
[Rosentrater, Kurt A.] ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD USA.
[Barnes, Michael E.] McNenny State Fish Hatchery, South Dakota Dept Game Fish & Pk, Spearfish, SD USA.
[Muthukumarappan, K.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Brown, ML (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
NR 342
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-1726-1; 978-1-4398-1725-4
PY 2012
BP 341
EP 390
PG 50
WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA BC5CS
UT WOS:000353169800017
ER
PT J
AU Lovich, J
Agha, M
Meulblok, M
Meyer, K
Ennen, J
Loughran, C
Madrak, S
Bjurlin, C
AF Lovich, Jeff
Agha, Mickey
Meulblok, Meaghan
Meyer, Kathie
Ennen, Josh
Loughran, Caleb
Madrak, Sheila
Bjurlin, Curtis
TI Climatic variation affects clutch phenology in Agassiz's desert tortoise
Gopherus agassizii
SO ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate; Desert tortoise; Clutch phenology; Degree days; Biofix
AB There is concern about how climate change might affect Agassiz's desert tortoise Gopherus agassizii, a threatened species. We studied the effects of climatic variation on clutch phenology of a population at a wind energy generation facility for 7 field seasons between 1997 and 2011. Using X-radiography, we quantified the following phenophases based on the number of calendar days to each event from 1 January: appearance and disappearance of 65 first and 53 second clutches, and inter-clutch intervals between first and second clutches. Although third clutches were rare (n = 8), they were observed in 5 of 7 yr and were produced by 8 different females, all of which produced a third clutch only once during the study. Shelled eggs were visible from as early as 11 April to as late as 28 July, and the overall time span that eggs were visible differed among years. After controlling for maternal effects, we observed statistically significant inter-annual variation in all phenophases except for inter-clutch interval. Clutch appearance was late in cool years relative to warm years and especially late after 2 consecutive cool years. Using degree day (DD) methodology, we calculated DD accumulation during the post-hibernation and nesting season for each year. We then used DD estimates for mean date of first clutch appearance to predict the mean date of first clutch appearance in subsequent years with 1 to 10 d accuracy for all but 1 yr (1998) with El Nino conditions. Clutch phenology appears to be correlated with inter-annual variation in climate and may be influenced by climatic events in previous years.
C1 [Lovich, Jeff; Agha, Mickey; Meulblok, Meaghan; Ennen, Josh; Loughran, Caleb; Madrak, Sheila] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Meyer, Kathie] US Forest Serv, Front Country Ranger Dist, San Bernardino Natl Forest, Lytle Creek, CA 92358 USA.
[Bjurlin, Curtis] Stantec Consulting Serv Inc, Cottage Grove, WI 53527 USA.
RP Lovich, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov
OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831; Agha, Mickey/0000-0003-0961-8344
FU California Energy Commission-Public Interest Energy Research (PIER)
Program; California Desert District Office of the Bureau of Land
Management (BLM); Palm Springs-South Coast Field Office of BLM; Joshua
Tree National Park
FX Many people assisted us during the course of this study. Field support
for this project was provided by interns from the Student Conservation
Association, EarthWatch, and volunteers too numerous to list. Special
thanks to Ramona Daniels, Rowland Griese, Mark Massar, and Gavin Wright
for their long commitment to the support of our project. Al Muth kindly
provided accommodations at the Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Research
Center of the University of California, Riverside, during our research.
Mart Westbrooks and Kip Madsen allowed us to use their veterinary
facilities to process X-radiographs. Charlie Porter and Annette Burvick
of the Flagstaff Medical Center also provided access to processing
facilities. Retired US Geological Survey geologist Richard Hereford
provided weather data. Research was supported by the California Energy
Commission-Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program, California
Desert District Office of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the Palm
Springs-South Coast Field Office of BLM, and Joshua Tree National Park.
Research was conducted under permits from the US Fish and Wildlife
Service, California Department of Fish and Game, and the BLM. We are
grateful to the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Northern
Arizona University for reviewing and approving our research procedures.
Earlier versions of the manuscript benefitted greatly from comments
offered by Ken Nussear and Fred Janzen. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 64
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U1 2
U2 3
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 1863-5407
EI 1613-4796
J9 ENDANGER SPECIES RES
JI Endanger. Species Res.
PY 2012
VL 19
IS 1
BP 63
EP 74
DI 10.3354/esr00463
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V41RB
UT WOS:000209562200007
ER
PT J
AU Hall, EK
Besemer, K
Kohl, L
Preiler, C
Riedel, K
Schneider, T
Wanek, W
Battin, TJ
AF Hall, E. K.
Besemer, K.
Kohl, L.
Preiler, C.
Riedel, K.
Schneider, T.
Wanek, W.
Battin, T. J.
TI Effects of resource chemistry on the composition and function of stream
hyporheic biofilms
SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biofilms; enzyme activity; leachate; stream ecology; microbial community
composition; metaproteome
AB Fluvial ecosystems process large quantities of dissolved organic matter as it moves from the headwater streams to the sea. In particular, hyporheic sediments are centers of high biogeochemical reactivity due to their elevated residence time and high microbial biomass and activity. However, the interaction between organic matter and microbial dynamics in the hyporheic zone remains poorly understood. We evaluated how variance in resource chemistry affected the microbial community and its associated activity in experimentally grown hyporheic biofilms. To do this we fed beech leaf leachates that differed in chemical composition to a series of bioreactors filled with sediment from a sub-alpine stream. Differences in resource chemistry resulted in differences in diversity and phylogenetic origin of microbial proteins, enzyme activity, and microbial biomass stoichiometry. Specifically, increased lignin, phenolics, and manganese in a single leachate resulted in increased phenoloxidase and peroxidase activity, elevated microbial biomass carbon:nitrogen ratio, and a greater proportion of proteins of Betaproteobacteria origin. We used this model system to attempt to link microbial form (community composition and metaproteome) with function (enzyme activity) in order to better understand the mechanisms that link resource heterogeneity to ecosystem function in stream ecosystems.
C1 [Hall, E. K.; Besemer, K.; Battin, T. J.] Univ Vienna, Dept Limnol, Vienna, Austria.
[Hall, E. K.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Kohl, L.; Wanek, W.] Univ Vienna, Dept Chem Ecol & Ecosyst Res, Vienna, Austria.
[Preiler, C.; Battin, T. J.] WasserCluster Lunz GmbH, Lunz Am See, Australia.
[Riedel, K.; Schneider, T.] Univ Zurich, Inst Plant Biol, Dept Microbiol, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Hall, EK (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM ed.hall@colostate.edu
RI Wanek, Wolfgang/E-7001-2012; Kohl, Lukas/J-2652-2012; Hall,
Ed/C-6013-2014
OI Wanek, Wolfgang/0000-0003-2178-8258; Kohl, Lukas/0000-0002-5902-9444;
FU Austrian Science Fund (FWF) projects START [Y420-B17]; MICDIF
[S10005-B17]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Gerti Steniczka and Margarete
Watzka, Claudia Hinterleitner, and leda Haemmerle for assistance in the
laboratory: Financial support came from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
projects START (Y420-B17) and MICDIF (S10005-B17) to T. J. Battin. The
manuscript was greatly improved by addressing a series of specific
critiques from three reviewers and an additional comment from Claudia
Michaela Boot.
NR 51
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Z9 9
U1 2
U2 25
PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND
SN 1664-302X
J9 FRONT MICROBIOL
JI Front. Microbiol.
PY 2012
VL 3
AR 35
DI 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00035
PG 14
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA V31DF
UT WOS:000208863600089
PM 22347877
ER
PT J
AU Yeager, CM
Kuske, CR
Carney, TD
Johnson, SL
Ticknor, LO
Belnap, J
AF Yeager, Chris M.
Kuske, Cheryl R.
Carney, Travis D.
Johnson, Shannon L.
Ticknor, Lawrence O.
Belnap, Jayne
TI Response of biological soil crust diazotrophs to season, altered summer
precipitation, and year-round increased temperature in an arid grassland
of the Colorado Plateau, USA
SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biological soil crust; nifH; cyanobacteria; climate change; semi-arid;
altered precipitation; nitrogen fixation; Scytonema
AB Biological soil crusts (biocrusts), which supply significant amounts of fixed nitrogen into terrestrial ecosystems worldwide (-33Tg y-1), are likely to respond to changes in temperature and precipitation associated with climate change. Using nifH gene-based surveys, we explored variation in the diazotrophic community of biocrusts of the Colorado Plateau, USA in response to season (autumn vs. spring), as well as field manipulations that increased the frequency of small volume precipitation events and year-round soil temperature. Abundance of nifH genes in biocrusts ranged from 3 x 106 to 1 x 108 g-1 soil, and nifH from heterocystous cyanobacteria closely related to Scytonema hyalinum, Spirirestis rafaelensis, and Nostoc commune comprised >98% of the total. Although there was no apparent seasonal effect on total nifH gene abundance in the biocrusts, T-RFLP analysis revealed a strong seasonal pattern in nifH composition. Spirirestis nifH abundance was estimated to oscillate 1 to >2 orders of magnitude between autumn (low) and spring (high). A yearround increase of soil temperature (2-3 C) had little effect on the diazotroph community structure over 2 years. Altered summer precipitation had little impact on diazotroph community structure over the first 1.5 years of the study, when natural background patterns across years and seasons superseded any treatment effects. However, after the second summer of treatments, nifH abundance was 2.6-fold lower in biocrusts receiving altered precipitation. Heterocystous cyanobacteria were apparently more resilient to altered precipitation than other cyanobacteria. The results demonstrate that diazotrophic community composition of biocrusts in this semi-arid grassland undergoes strong seasonal shifts and that the abundance of its dominant members decreased in response to more frequent, small volume precipitation events.
C1 [Yeager, Chris M.; Kuske, Cheryl R.; Carney, Travis D.; Johnson, Shannon L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Biochem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Ticknor, Lawrence O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp Computat & Stat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA.
RP Yeager, CM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Biochem, M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM cyeager@lanl.gov
OI Johnson, Shannon/0000-0002-3972-9208
FU US Department of Energy, Biological, and Environmental Research Office
[2005LANLE660, ER64550-10314940014103]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX The US Department of Energy, Biological, and Environmental Research
Office (through grants to Cheryl R. Kuske (2005LANLE660) and Jayne
Belnap [ER64550-10314940014103]) and the U.S. Geological Survey
supported this research. The authors thank the DOE Joint Genome
Institute for Sanger sequencing of Mill gene clone libraries. We also
thank La Verne Gallegos-Graves, Rachel Wise, Shannon Silva, Amanda
Turner, Ed Grote, and David Housman for excellent technical support, and
Sasha Reed and Blair Stevens for helpful discussions and critical
reviews of the manuscript. Any use of trade names is only for
descriptive purposes and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government.
NR 62
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U1 3
U2 38
PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND
SN 1664-302X
J9 FRONT MICROBIOL
JI Front. Microbiol.
PY 2012
VL 3
AR 358
DI 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00358
PG 14
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA V31DF
UT WOS:000208863600360
PM 23087679
ER
PT J
AU Tanaka, KL
Hartmann, WK
AF Tanaka, K. L.
Hartmann, W. K.
BE Gradstein, FM
Ogg, JG
Schmitz, MD
Ogg, GM
TI The Planetary Time Scale
SO GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE 2012, VOLS 1 & 2
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID INNER SOLAR-SYSTEM; THERMAL EMISSION SPECTROMETER; IMPACT CRATER
DENSITIES; LATE HEAVY BOMBARDMENT; GLOBAL SURVEYOR DATA; MAIN-BELT
ASTEROIDS; ART. NO. 5111; EARLY MARS; RESURFACING HISTORY; CRUSTAL
EVOLUTION
AB Formal stratigraphic systems have been developed for the surface materials of Earth's Moon, Mars, and Mercury. The systems are based on regional and global geologic mapping, which establishes relative ages of surfaces delineated by superposition, morphology, impact crater densities, and other relations and features. Referent units selected from the mapping determine time-stratigraphic bases and/or representative materials characteristic of events and periods for definition of chronologic units. Approximate absolute ages of these units in most cases can be established using crater size-frequency data. For the Moon, the chronologic units and cratering record are calibrated by radiometric ages measured from samples collected from the lunar surface by the Apollo and Luna missions. Model ages for other cratered planetary surfaces are constructed by two methods: (1) estimating relative cratering rates with Earth's Moon, and (2) estimating cratering rates directly based on surveys of the sizes and trajectories of asteroids and comets. Other cratered bodies with estimated surface ages include Venus and the Galilean satellites of Jupiter.
C1 [Tanaka, K. L.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Hartmann, W. K.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Tanaka, KL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM ktanaka@usgs.gov; hartmann@psi.edu
NR 147
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U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-44-459425-9
PY 2012
BP 275
EP 298
DI 10.1016/B978-0-444-59425-9.00015-9
PG 24
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA BE2BX
UT WOS:000368986200016
ER
PT J
AU Henderson, CM
Davydov, VI
Wardlaw, BR
Gradstein, FM
Hammer, O
AF Henderson, C. M.
Davydov, V. I.
Wardlaw, B. R.
Gradstein, F. M.
Hammer, O.
BE Gradstein, FM
Ogg, JG
Schmitz, MD
Ogg, GM
TI The Permian Period
SO GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE 2012, VOLS 1 & 2
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID GLOBAL STRATOTYPE SECTION; REEF TRAIL MEMBER; POINT GSSP; TRIASSIC
MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHY; CHANGHSINGIAN STAGE; MASS EXTINCTION; SOUTH CHINA;
EVOLUTION; BOUNDARY; BASE
AB Pangea moves north. Ice-house to greenhouse (humid to arid) climate transition; dramatic reduction of coal swamps and amphibian habitat; some spore-bearing plants extinct; major evaporites; changes in internal and external carbonate invertebrate skeletons; major diversification of fusulinacean foraminifers, ammonoids, bryozoans, and brachiopods, then major end-Permian extinction of fusulinacean foraminifers, trilobites, rugose and tabulate corals, blastoids, acanthodians, placoderms, and pelycosaurs; dramatic reduction of bryozoans, brachiopods, ammonoids, sharks, bony fish, crinoids, eurypterids, ostracodes, and echinoderms.
[GRAPHICS]
.
C1 [Henderson, C. M.] Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
[Davydov, V. I.] Boise State Univ, Permian Res Inst, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[Wardlaw, B. R.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Gradstein, F. M.; Hammer, O.] Univ Oslo, Geol Museum, N-0318 Oslo, Norway.
RP Henderson, CM (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
EM cmhender@ucalgary.ca; vdavydov@boisestate.edu; bwardlaw@usgs.gov;
felix.gradstein@nhm.uio.no; oyvind.hammer@nhm.uio.no
NR 96
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-0-44-459425-9
PY 2012
BP 653
EP 679
DI 10.1016/B978-0-444-59425-9.00024-X
PG 27
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA BE2BX
UT WOS:000368986200025
ER
PT J
AU McIntosh, A
McHugh, P
Budy, P
AF McIntosh, Angus
McHugh, Peter
Budy, Phaedra
BE Francis, RA
TI Salmo trutta L. (brown trout)
SO HANDBOOK OF GLOBAL FRESHWATER INVASIVE SPECIES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID BONNEVILLE CUTTHROAT TROUT; NONNATIVE BROOK TROUT; NATIVE STREAM FISHES;
WHITE-SPOTTED CHARR; NEW-ZEALAND STREAM; ATLANTIC SALMON; INTRODUCED
PREDATOR; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSE; ALIEN SALMONIDS; GREAT-BASIN
C1 [McIntosh, Angus; McHugh, Peter] Univ Canterbury, Freshwater Ecol Res Grp, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.
[Budy, Phaedra] Utah State Univ, US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Watershed Sci Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP McIntosh, A (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Freshwater Ecol Res Grp, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.
EM angus.mcintosh@canterbury.ac.nz; pete.mchugh@canterbury.ac.nz;
phaedra.budy@usu.edu
NR 85
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU EARTHSCAN PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 3 ENDSLEIGH ST, LONDON WCIH 0DD, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-13646-125-5
PY 2012
BP 285
EP 296
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine &
Freshwater Biology
GA BC8HH
UT WOS:000355684900025
ER
PT J
AU Bertolino, S
Guichon, ML
Carter, J
AF Bertolino, Sandro
Laura Guichon, M.
Carter, Jacoby
BE Francis, RA
TI Myocastor coypus Molina (coypu)
SO HANDBOOK OF GLOBAL FRESHWATER INVASIVE SPECIES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ARGENTINEAN PAMPAS; FERAL COYPUS; HABITAT-USE; NUTRIA; POPULATION;
WETLAND; ERADICATION; DETERMINANTS; AGROSYSTEMS; LOUISIANA
C1 [Bertolino, Sandro] DIVAPRA Dept Protect & Exploitat Agr Resources En, I-10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
[Laura Guichon, M.] Univ Nacl Lujan, Ecol Mamiferos Introducidos, Dept Ciencias Basicas, RA-6700 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Carter, Jacoby] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Bertolino, S (reprint author), DIVAPRA Dept Protect & Exploitat Agr Resources En, Via L da Vinci 44, I-10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
EM sandro.bertolino@unito.it; mlguichon@unlu.edu.ar; jacobycarter@usgs.gov
NR 70
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU EARTHSCAN PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 3 ENDSLEIGH ST, LONDON WCIH 0DD, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-13646-125-5
PY 2012
BP 357
EP 368
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine &
Freshwater Biology
GA BC8HH
UT WOS:000355684900031
ER
PT J
AU Choudhury, A
Cole, R
AF Choudhury, Anindo
Cole, Rebecca
BE Francis, RA
TI Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti (Asian tapeworm)
SO HANDBOOK OF GLOBAL FRESHWATER INVASIVE SPECIES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID FRESH-WATER FISHES; CARP CYPRINUS-CARPIO; CAROLINA COOLING RESERVOIR;
CHUB GILA-ELEGANS; COLORADO RIVER; HUMPBACK CHUB; GRAND-CANYON; GRASS
CARP; CESTODA-PSEUDOPHYLLIDEA; HELMINTH-PARASITES
C1 [Choudhury, Anindo] St Norbert Coll, Div Nat Sci, De Pere, WI 54115 USA.
[Cole, Rebecca] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Choudhury, A (reprint author), St Norbert Coll, Div Nat Sci, 100 Grant St, De Pere, WI 54115 USA.
EM anindo.choudhury@snc.edu; rcole@usgs.gov
NR 102
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU EARTHSCAN PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 3 ENDSLEIGH ST, LONDON WCIH 0DD, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-13646-125-5
PY 2012
BP 385
EP 400
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine &
Freshwater Biology
GA BC8HH
UT WOS:000355684900033
ER
PT B
AU Lafferty, KD
Kuris, AM
AF Lafferty, Kevin D.
Kuris, Armand M.
BE Hughes, DP
Brodeur, J
Thomas, F
TI Ecological consequences of manipulative parasites
SO HOST MANIPULATION BY PARASITES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID INTERTIDAL SHELLFISH; TROPHIC TRANSMISSION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE;
INTERMEDIATE HOSTS; NEW-ZEALAND; BEHAVIOR; PREDATION; PREY; POPULATIONS;
EVOLUTION
C1 [Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kuris, Armand M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Lafferty, KD (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM klafferty@usgs.gov; kuris@lifesci.ucsb.edu
NR 56
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 10
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA
BN 978-0-19-964223-6; 978-0-19-177462-1; 978-0-19-964223-6
PY 2012
BP 158
EP 168
D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199642236.001.0001
PG 11
WC Evolutionary Biology; Parasitology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Parasitology
GA BC7UX
UT WOS:000355229000018
ER
PT B
AU Thenkabail, PS
Lyon, JG
Huete, A
AF Thenkabail, Prasad S.
Lyon, John G.
Huete, Alfredo
BE Thenkabail, PS
Lyon, JG
Huete, A
TI Advances in Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation and Agricultural
Croplands
SO HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; CANOPY WATER-CONTENT;
NARROW-BAND; BROAD-BAND; IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY; CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT;
REFLECTANCE DATA; HETEROGENEOUS GRASSLAND; PRECISION AGRICULTURE
C1 [Thenkabail, Prasad S.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Lyon, John G.] US EPA, Las Vegas Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
[Huete, Alfredo] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
RP Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
NR 95
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-4538-7; 978-1-4398-4537-0
PY 2012
BP 3
EP 35
PG 33
WC Agronomy; Remote Sensing
SC Agriculture; Remote Sensing
GA BC7PO
UT WOS:000355136500003
ER
PT B
AU Thenkabail, PS
AF Thenkabail, Prasad S.
BE Thenkabail, PS
Lyon, JG
Huete, A
TI HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION Preface
SO HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-4538-7; 978-1-4398-4537-0
PY 2012
BP XIII
EP XIV
PG 2
WC Agronomy; Remote Sensing
SC Agriculture; Remote Sensing
GA BC7PO
UT WOS:000355136500002
ER
PT B
AU Nagler, PL
Sridhar, BBM
Olsson, AD
van Leeuwen, WJD
Glenn, EP
AF Nagler, Pamela Lynn
Sridhar, B. B. Maruthi
Olsson, Aaryn Dyami
van Leeuwen, Willem J. D.
Glenn, Edward P.
BE Thenkabail, PS
Lyon, JG
Huete, A
TI Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Tools for Quantifying Plant Litter and
Invasive Species in Arid Ecosystems
SO HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID DISCRIMINATING CROP RESIDUES; DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX; SOIL
ORGANIC-MATTER; LEAF-AREA INDEX; LANDSAT TM DATA; INFRARED REFLECTANCE;
SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; TAMARISK TAMARIX; SURFACE SOILS; LIGHT
C1 [Nagler, Pamela Lynn] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Sridhar, B. B. Maruthi] Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Geol, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA.
[Olsson, Aaryn Dyami] No Arizona Univ, Lab Landscape Ecol & Conservat Biol, Coll Engn Forestry & Nat Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[van Leeuwen, Willem J. D.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Tucson, AZ USA.
[van Leeuwen, Willem J. D.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Off Arid Lands Studies, Arizona Remote Sensing Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Glenn, Edward P.] Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Nagler, PL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
NR 79
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-4538-7; 978-1-4398-4537-0
PY 2012
BP 361
EP 393
PG 33
WC Agronomy; Remote Sensing
SC Agriculture; Remote Sensing
GA BC7PO
UT WOS:000355136500018
ER
PT B
AU Ramsey, E
Rangoonwala, A
AF Ramsey, Elijah, III
Rangoonwala, Amina
BE Thenkabail, PS
Lyon, JG
Huete, A
TI Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Wetland Vegetation
SO HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA DIEBACK; CHINESE TALLOW; COASTAL LOUISIANA; IMAGE
DATA; REFLECTANCE; SPECTRA; LEAVES
C1 [Ramsey, Elijah, III; Rangoonwala, Amina] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetland Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Rangoonwala, Amina] Five Rivers Serv LLC, Lafayette, LA USA.
RP Ramsey, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetland Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-4538-7; 978-1-4398-4537-0
PY 2012
BP 487
EP 511
PG 25
WC Agronomy; Remote Sensing
SC Agriculture; Remote Sensing
GA BC7PO
UT WOS:000355136500023
ER
PT B
AU Slonecker, ET
AF Slonecker, E. Terrence
BE Thenkabail, PS
Lyon, JG
Huete, A
TI Analysis of the Effects of Heavy Metals on Vegetation Hyperspectral
Reflectance Properties
SO HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; RED-EDGE; RIVER FLOODPLAINS;
BROAD-BAND; CHLOROPHYLL CONCENTRATION; SUBSTITUTED CHLOROPHYLLS; MINERAL
EXPLORATION; FIELD SPECTROSCOPY; SOIL CONTAMINATION
C1 US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Slonecker, ET (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 91
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-4538-7; 978-1-4398-4537-0
PY 2012
BP 561
EP 578
PG 18
WC Agronomy; Remote Sensing
SC Agriculture; Remote Sensing
GA BC7PO
UT WOS:000355136500025
ER
PT B
AU Vaughan, RG
Titus, TN
Johnson, JR
Hagerty, JJ
Gaddis, LR
Soderblom, LA
Geissler, PE
AF Vaughan, R. Greg
Titus, Timothy N.
Johnson, Jeffery R.
Hagerty, Justin J.
Gaddis, Lisa R.
Soderblom, Laurence A.
Geissler, Paul E.
BE Thenkabail, PS
Lyon, JG
Huete, A
TI Hyperspectral Analysis of Rocky Surfaces on the Earth and Other
Planetary Bodies
SO HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID INFRARED MAPPING SPECTROMETER; 1ST MERCURY FLYBY; REFLECTANCE
SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION; RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER; IMAGING
SPECTROMETER; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; JUPITERS ATMOSPHERE; NEUTRON
DETECTOR; THERMAL EMISSION
C1 [Vaughan, R. Greg; Titus, Timothy N.; Johnson, Jeffery R.; Hagerty, Justin J.; Gaddis, Lisa R.; Soderblom, Laurence A.; Geissler, Paul E.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Vaughan, RG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
NR 126
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-4538-7; 978-1-4398-4537-0
PY 2012
BP 637
EP 660
PG 24
WC Agronomy; Remote Sensing
SC Agriculture; Remote Sensing
GA BC7PO
UT WOS:000355136500029
ER
PT B
AU Thenkabail, PS
Lyon, JG
Huete, A
AF Thenkabail, Prasad S.
Lyon, John G.
Huete, Alfredo
BE Thenkabail, PS
Lyon, JG
Huete, A
TI Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation and Agricultural Crops:
Knowledge Gain and Knowledge Gap After 40 Years of Research
SO HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Thenkabail, Prasad S.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Lyon, John G.] US EPA, Las Vegas Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
[Huete, Alfredo] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
[Huete, Alfredo] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-4538-7; 978-1-4398-4537-0
PY 2012
BP 663
EP 688
PG 26
WC Agronomy; Remote Sensing
SC Agriculture; Remote Sensing
GA BC7PO
UT WOS:000355136500030
ER
PT B
AU Raffaelli, D
Friedlander, AM
AF Raffaelli, David
Friedlander, Alan M.
BE Solan, M
Aspden, RJ
Paterson, DM
TI Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: an ecosystem-level approach
SO MARINE BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING: FRAMEWORKS,
METHODOLOGIES, AND INTEGRATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID NORTHERN LINE ISLANDS; ESTUARINE FOOD-WEB; LONG-TERM CHANGES; YTHAN
ESTUARY; MARINE RESERVES; MACROALGAL MATS; CORAL-REEFS; ECOLOGY;
SCOTLAND; ABERDEENSHIRE
C1 [Raffaelli, David] Univ York, Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
[Friedlander, Alan M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, US Geol Survey, Hawaii Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Raffaelli, D (reprint author), Univ York, Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
EM Dr3@york.ac.uk; alan.friedlander@hawaii.edu
NR 78
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA
BN 978-0-19-964226-7; 978-0-19-177476-8; 978-0-19-964225-0
PY 2012
BP 149
EP 163
D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199642250.001.0001
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA BC7UN
UT WOS:000355219700011
ER
PT J
AU Carneire, APB
Jimenez, JE
White, TH
Soto-Gamboa, MR
AF Carneire, Ana Paula B.
Jimenez, Jaime E.
White, Thomas H., Jr.
Soto-Gamboa, Mauricio R.
TI DISTRIBUTION OF SLENDER-BILLED PARAKEETS (ENICOGNATHUS LEPTORHYNCHUS) IN
A FRAGMENTED AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE OF SOUTHERN CHILE
SO ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Enicognathus leptorhynchus; Slender-billed Parakeet; agricultural
landscape; Chile; forest fragmentation; Psittacidae; scattered trees
AB Understanding the basis of habitat choices has important implications in the formulation of practical conservation or management policies. Our objectives were: 1) to determine how Slender-billed Parakeets (Enicognathus leptorhynchus) used a fragmented agricultural landscape of southern Chile in terms of landscape cover and scattered tree elements, 2) to examine seasonal variations, and 3) to provide conservation recommendations to landowners and managers interested in conserving the species and the habitats it uses. We estimated parakeet abundances and landscape components by sampling 30 36-km(2) sites across a 50 by 80 km region, centered at Osorno. Landscape components were used in a multiple linear regression to detect associations between these elements and Slender-billed Parakeet abundances. The results obtained revealed the ability of the vulnerable Slender-billed Parakeet to utilize a mosaic landscape. Parakeets used the landscape differently according to seasons. Associations between parakeet abundances and landscape elements during the non-breeding season were not detected. However, large numbers of scattered trees appeared to be important to support larger parakeet abundances during the breeding season. Mature trees, available in the landscape only as scattered trees, benefit Slender-billed Parakeets as nesting and feeding places - the two most important determinants of their presence. Scattered trees can also benefit the species by facilitating movement across agricultural landscapes. The persistence of the Slender-billed Parakeet in this landscape is intrinsically linked to the conservation and perpetuation of any remaining portion of original old-growth forest, especially the scattered mature trees. Many alternatives and recommendations from this study may have applicability to similar landscapes throughout the world. Accepted 26 May 2012.
C1 [Carneire, Ana Paula B.] Univ Los Lagos, Lab Vida Silvestre, Osorno, Chile.
[Jimenez, Jaime E.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Subantarctic Biocultural Conservat Program, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Jimenez, Jaime E.] Univ N Texas, Dept Philosophy & Relig Studies, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Jimenez, Jaime E.] Univ Magallanes, Omora Ethnobot Pk, Puerto Williams, Chile.
[White, Thomas H., Jr.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Puerto Rican Parrot Recovery Program, Rio Grande, PR 00745 USA.
[Soto-Gamboa, Mauricio R.] Univ Austral Chile, Fac Ciencias, Inst Ecol & Evoluc, Valdivia, Chile.
RP Carneire, APB (reprint author), Univ Los Lagos, Lab Vida Silvestre, Ave Fuchslocher 1305, Osorno, Chile.
EM anap_bertoldi@yahoo.com.br
FU GET SIRAP; Laboratorio de Vida Silvestre of Universidad de Los Lagos;
United States Fish and Wildlife Service-Puerto Rican Parrot Recovery
Program; Parrots International; Amigos de las Aves USA Parrot
Conservation Fund
FX This study was supported in part by GET SIRAP, Laboratorio de Vida
Silvestre of Universidad de Los Lagos, the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service-Puerto Rican Parrot Recovery Program, Parrots
International, Amigos de las Aves USA Parrot Conservation Fund, and T.
Pittman. We thank all the landowners who allowed us to work on their
properties and the volunteers that helped us to monitor the parakeets.
D. Brightsmith, J. A. Collazo, and two anonymous reviewers provided
valuable suggestions for improving the manuscript. Chile's Forest
Service provided digital vegetation maps. The use of trade names in this
manuscript does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife
Service.
NR 51
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 2
PU NEOTROPICAL ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC, USGS PATUXENT WILDLIFE RESEARCH CTR
PI ATHENS
PA UNIV GEORGIA, WARNELL SCH FOREST RESOURCES, ATHENS, GA 30602-2152 USA
SN 1075-4377
J9 ORNITOL NEOTROP
JI ORNITOL. NEOTROP.
PY 2012
VL 23
IS 2
BP 201
EP 213
PG 13
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA V40HH
UT WOS:000209469200006
ER
PT J
AU Bibles, BD
Boal, CW
AF Bibles, Brent D.
Boal, Clint W.
TI MORPHOMETRIC-BASED SEXUAL DETERMINATION OF BANANAQUITS (COEREBA
FLAVEOLA)
SO ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Bananaquit; Coereba flaveola; monomorphic plumage; morphometry; sex
determination; size dimorphism
AB The Bananaquit (Coereba flaveola) is a common passerine throughout the tropics and has been a convenient species for ecological studies. This species has sexually monomorphic plumage and cannot be reliably sexed unless in breeding condition. This is problematic for demographic and comparative studies, which are contingent upon accurately aging and sexing individuals. Although male Bananaquits are larger than females, there is overlap in both wing chord and mass. We used morphometric data collected over eight years to develop a predictive model based on logistic regression to assign adult Bananaquits to sex. Our model classified 96% of validation individuals to the correct sex. We suggest that this approach may enhance ecological studies of the species by facilitating correct sex determination independent of breeding status. We believe our modeling approach is applicable elsewhere but, because there may be geographical variation across the species distribution, models will need to be customized to local populations, Accepted 8 December 2012.
C1 [Bibles, Brent D.] Unity Coll, Unity, ME 04988 USA.
[Boal, Clint W.] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Bibles, BD (reprint author), Unity Coll, Unity, ME 04988 USA.
EM clint.boal@ttu.edu
FU Jarecki family; Falconwood Foundation; Conservation Agency
FX Our thanks to the Jarecki family, the Falconwood Foundation, and The
Conservation Agency for their continued access to Guana Island and
support for this research, and to the USGS Cooperative Research Units
and Utah State University for facilitating this research. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. Special thanks to J. D.
Lazell and G. Perry for coordinating research opportunities on Guana
Island. We thank T. S. Estabrook, T. Willard, S. Cooper, E. P.
Estabrook, and several other volunteers that have assisted in the
ornithological research program on the island. This manuscript
benefitted from the thoughtful reviews and suggestions of J. M. Wunderle
and S. Koenig. We thank J. W. Beltran S. for kindly providing the
Spanish language abstract.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU NEOTROPICAL ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC, USGS PATUXENT WILDLIFE RESEARCH CTR
PI ATHENS
PA UNIV GEORGIA, WARNELL SCH FOREST RESOURCES, ATHENS, GA 30602-2152 USA
SN 1075-4377
J9 ORNITOL NEOTROP
JI ORNITOL. NEOTROP.
PY 2012
VL 23
IS 4
BP 507
EP 515
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA V40HJ
UT WOS:000209469400004
ER
PT B
AU Simoes, FJM
Kinzel, PJ
AF Simoes, Francisco J. M.
Kinzel, Paul J.
BE Munoz, RM
TI Unsteady flow in natural compound channel: experiment and simulation
SO RIVER FLOW 2012, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow)
CY SEP 05-07, 2012
CL San Jose, COSTA RICA
SP Colegio Ingenieros Civiles Costa Rica, Int Assoc Hydro Environm Engn & Res, Comm Fluvial Hydraul
AB Phragmites Australis, or common reed, is an invasive plant species that has spread along channels of the Platte River (Nebraska, USA), adversely altering the biogeomorphology of the system. Of particular interest have been the impacts on riparian habitat, specifically the reduction of suitable areas for crane roosting and shorebird nesting. A program for managing and removing these and other invasive plant species has been in place to mitigate these effects. Spraying and mechanical removal of phragmites has been the established practice, but there is interest in evaluating other potential forms of maintenance, in particular the potential of uprooting seedlings using high velocity/high shear flows. For that purpose, in 2010 a high flow experiment was conducted on a return channel to the Platte River that feeds from the Thirty Mile Canal near Brady, Nebraska. As part of the experiment, a 250-meter long reach of the channel was monitored and data were collected for the set-up, testing, and evaluation of numerical models. This article presents a description of the experimental conditions, data-collection program, and application of an unsteady, depth-averaged numerical model to reproduce the event.
C1 [Simoes, Francisco J. M.; Kinzel, Paul J.] US Geol Survey, Geomorphol & Sediment Transport Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Simoes, FJM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geomorphol & Sediment Transport Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
OI Kinzel, Paul/0000-0002-6076-9730
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-203-07635-4; 978-0-415-62129-8
PY 2012
BP 271
EP 277
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA BB8ZI
UT WOS:000347871500035
ER
PT B
AU Nelson, JM
McDonald, RR
Kinzel, PJ
Shimizu, Y
AF Nelson, J. M.
McDonald, R. R.
Kinzel, P. J.
Shimizu, Y.
BE Munoz, RM
TI Using computational modeling of river flow with remotely sensed data to
Infer Channel Bathymetry
SO RIVER FLOW 2012, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow)
CY SEP 05-07, 2012
CL San Jose, COSTA RICA
SP Colegio Ingenieros Civiles Costa Rica, Int Assoc Hydro Environm Engn & Res, Comm Fluvial Hydraul
ID MORPHOLOGY; LIDAR
AB As part of an ongoing investigation into the use of computational river flow and morphodynamic models for the purpose of correcting and extending remotely sensed river data sets, a simple method for inferring channel bathymetry is developed and discussed. The method is based on an inversion of the equations expressing conservation of mass and momentum to develop equations that can be solved for depth given known values of vertically-averaged velocity and water-surface elevation. The ultimate goal of this work is to combine imperfect remotely sensed data on river planform, water-surface elevation and water-surface velocity in order to estimate depth and other physical parameters of river channels. In this paper, the technique is examined using synthetic data sets that are developed directly from the application of forward two-and three-dimensional flow models. These data sets are constrained to satisfy conservation of mass and momentum, unlike typical remotely sensed field data sets. This provides a better understanding of the process and also allows assessment of how simple inaccuracies in remotely sensed estimates might propagate into depth estimates. The technique is applied to three simple cases: First, depth is extracted from a synthetic data set of vertically averaged velocity and water-surface elevation; second, depth is extracted from the same data set but with a normally-distributed random error added to the water-surface elevation; third, depth is extracted from a synthetic data set for the same river reach using computed water-surface velocities (in place of depth-integrated values) and water-surface elevations. In each case, the extracted depths are compared to the actual measured depths used to construct the synthetic data sets (with two-and three-dimensional flow models). Errors in water-surface elevation and velocity that are very small degrade depth estimates and cannot be recovered. Errors in depth estimates associated with assuming water-surface velocities equal to depth-integrated velocities are substantial, but can be reduced with simple corrections.
C1 [Nelson, J. M.; McDonald, R. R.; Kinzel, P. J.] US Geol Survey, Geomorphol & Sediment Transport Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Shimizu, Y.] Hokkaido Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
RP Nelson, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geomorphol & Sediment Transport Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
OI McDonald, Richard/0000-0002-0703-0638; Kinzel, Paul/0000-0002-6076-9730
FU USGS National Research Program; Office of Naval Research
[N0001411IP20051]
FX This work was supported by the USGS National Research Program and by the
Office of Naval Research through award N0001411IP20051 ( Development and
Testing of Physically- Based Methods for Filling Gaps in Remotely Sensed
River Data).
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-203-07635-4; 978-0-415-62129-8
PY 2012
BP 761
EP 768
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA BB8ZI
UT WOS:000347871500103
ER
PT B
AU Sloff, KCJ
Nieuwboer, B
Logan, B
Nelson, J
AF Sloff, Kees C. J.
Nieuwboer, Bas
Logan, Brandy
Nelson, Jonathan
BE Munoz, RM
TI Effect of sediment entrainment and avalanching on modeling of Grand
Canyon eddy bars
SO RIVER FLOW 2012, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow)
CY SEP 05-07, 2012
CL San Jose, COSTA RICA
SP Colegio Ingenieros Civiles Costa Rica, Int Assoc Hydro Environm Engn & Res, Comm Fluvial Hydraul
ID PICKUP PROBABILITY; LOAD TRANSPORT; BED
AB With the use of more detailed 3D hydrodynamic flow solvers, their extension to morphodynamic models is hampered by the limited possibilities to include details of turbulence and 3D flow patterns into sediment entrainment and transport models. In this study we extended a three-dimensional (Delft3D) approach with HLES and k-epsilon turbulence, with several entrainment and avalanching models. We tested their performance on an extensively monitored eddy-bar development in the Grand Canyon. We applied the model to a rapid-pool system at Mile 45 (Eminence) for the 2008 high flow experiment conditions, and compared the morphological results to detailed topographic multi-beam sonar data collected during this flood. The results demonstrate the sensitivity of morphology to spatial variations in turbulent energy, as well as to probabilistic formulation of bed-shear velocities and critical Shields parameters. These approaches can counteract to some extent the overprediction of sedimentation in the eddy-eye, and underprediction of side-slope erosion of the bar. Simple avalanching approaches based on local bed-slope did not contribute significantly to a further improvement of predictions of the observed erosion at side slopes, and a reduction of the (overestimated) sand-bar width. Despite the insights gained in the morphological response of the various approaches, a definite choice for an entrainment model still can not be made. For predictability of the considered sand bars in the Grand Canyon more research is required to include large-scale underwater slumping processes during the rising limb of the flood in these models.
C1 [Sloff, Kees C. J.] Deltares, Delft, Netherlands.
[Nieuwboer, Bas] Delft Univ Technol Delft, Delft, Netherlands.
[Logan, Brandy; Nelson, Jonathan] USGS Geomorphol & Sediment Transport Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Sloff, KCJ (reprint author), Deltares, Delft, Netherlands.
FU Strategic Research of Deltares
FX Part of this research was carried out by Strategic Research funds of
Deltares, and as part of rivermorphological research of Delft
University, for which they are greatly acknowledged. Also the
contribution of USGS- Geomorphology and Sediment Transport Laboratory
and USGS- Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center, in terms of field
data, contributions to the model development, review and discussions are
highly esteemed.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-203-07635-4; 978-0-415-62129-8
PY 2012
BP 791
EP 798
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA BB8ZI
UT WOS:000347871500107
ER
PT B
AU Asahi, K
Yoshida, Y
Tsunematsu, H
Shimizu, Y
Nelson, J
AF Asahi, K.
Yoshida, Y.
Tsunematsu, H.
Shimizu, Y.
Nelson, J.
BE Munoz, RM
TI Development of the iRIC Software for River analysis
SO RIVER FLOW 2012, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow)
CY SEP 05-07, 2012
CL San Jose, COSTA RICA
SP Colegio Ingenieros Civiles Costa Rica, Int Assoc Hydro Environm Engn & Res, Comm Fluvial Hydraul
ID CHANNELS
AB In this paper, the feature of iRIC(International River interface Cooperative) software is described. It has been developed for research and education, engineering use, and provided with free. The iRIC software is developed to promote the mutual understanding of numerical models in river engineering field. The functions which can provide the numerical models are developed. Developer can provide the numerical model using easy XML scheme for other researchers. It can promote the validation and understanding for its model. Also the functions which can edit several geographic data and create appropriate structured/unstructured grid for complicated river shape are developed. It can promote the application of numerical model for actual rivers in the world.
As a result, the iRIC software development contributes the improvement of numerical model's accuracy and the application ability.
C1 [Asahi, K.; Yoshida, Y.; Tsunematsu, H.] River Ctr Hokkaido, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
[Shimizu, Y.] Hokkaido Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Hokkaido, Japan.
[Nelson, J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO USA.
RP Asahi, K (reprint author), River Ctr Hokkaido, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-203-07635-4; 978-0-415-62129-8
PY 2012
BP 1133
EP 1138
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA BB8ZI
UT WOS:000347871500151
ER
PT B
AU Jennings, CA
AF Jennings, Cecil A.
BE Jennings, CA
Lauer, TE
Vondracek, B
TI Communicating Science: From Cuneiform to the Contemporary and Beyond
SO SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION FOR NATURAL RESOURCE PROFESSIONALS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Jennings, CA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM jennings@uga.edu
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-28-8
PY 2012
BP 1
EP 6
PG 6
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Education & Educational Research
GA BA5DU
UT WOS:000336557800001
ER
PT B
AU Zale, AV
Hewitt, DA
Murphy, BR
AF Zale, Alexander V.
Hewitt, David A.
Murphy, Brian R.
BE Jennings, CA
Lauer, TE
Vondracek, B
TI Style, Usage, Grammar, and Punctuation
SO SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION FOR NATURAL RESOURCE PROFESSIONALS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Zale, Alexander V.] Montana State Univ, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Hewitt, David A.] Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Klamath Falls Field Stn, Klamath Falls, OR 97603 USA.
[Murphy, Brian R.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Zale, AV (reprint author), Montana State Univ, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM zale@montana.edu
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-28-8
PY 2012
BP 33
EP 46
PG 14
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Education & Educational Research
GA BA5DU
UT WOS:000336557800004
ER
PT B
AU Eells, L
Vondracek, R
Vondracek, B
AF Eells, Linda
Vondracek, Ruth
Vondracek, Bruce
BE Jennings, CA
Lauer, TE
Vondracek, B
TI Fishing the Deep Web: The Search for Information
SO SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION FOR NATURAL RESOURCE PROFESSIONALS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID GRAY LITERATURE; JOURNALS; ACCESS
C1 [Eells, Linda] Univ Minnesota, Entomol Fisheries & Wildlife Lib, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Vondracek, Ruth] Oregon State Univ, Oregon State Univ Lib, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Vondracek, Bruce] Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Vondracek, B (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 1980 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM bvondrac@umn.edu
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-28-8
PY 2012
BP 47
EP 63
PG 17
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Education & Educational Research
GA BA5DU
UT WOS:000336557800005
ER
PT B
AU Mather, ME
Parrish, DL
Dettmers, JM
AF Mather, Martha E.
Parrish, Donna L.
Dettmers, John M.
BE Jennings, CA
Lauer, TE
Vondracek, B
TI Now that You Have Great Results, Where Should You Submit Your
Manuscript?
SO SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION FOR NATURAL RESOURCE PROFESSIONALS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID JOURNAL IMPACT FACTORS; COMMUNICATION
C1 [Mather, Martha E.] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Parrish, Donna L.] Univ Vermont, US Geol Survey, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources,Aiken Ctr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Dettmers, John M.] Great Lakes Fishery Commiss, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Mather, ME (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Div Biol, Leasure Hall, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
EM mmather@ksu.edu
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-28-8
PY 2012
BP 121
EP 133
PG 13
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Education & Educational Research
GA BA5DU
UT WOS:000336557800009
ER
PT B
AU Schramm, HL
Miranda, LE
AF Schramm, Harold L., Jr.
Miranda, Leandro E.
BE Jennings, CA
Lauer, TE
Vondracek, B
TI Responding to Peer Review and Editor's Comments
SO SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION FOR NATURAL RESOURCE PROFESSIONALS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID REFEREES
C1 [Schramm, Harold L., Jr.; Miranda, Leandro E.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Schramm, HL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM hschramm@cfr.msstate.edu
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-28-8
PY 2012
BP 135
EP 142
PG 8
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Education & Educational Research
GA BA5DU
UT WOS:000336557800010
ER
PT J
AU Usery, EL
Varanka, D
AF Usery, E. Lynn
Varanka, Dalia
TI Design and development of linked data from The National Map
SO SEMANTIC WEB
LA English
DT Article
DE Geospatial semantics; topographic data; The National Map; SPARQL
endpoint; geographic features
AB The development of linked data on the World-Wide Web provides the opportunity for the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to supply its extensive volumes of geospatial data, information, and knowledge in a machine interpretable form and reach users and applications that heretofore have been unavailable. To pilot a process to take advantage of this opportunity, the USGS is developing an ontology for The National Map and converting selected data from nine research test areas to a Semantic Web format to support machine processing and linked data access. In a case study, the USGS has developed initial methods for legacy vector and raster formatted geometry, attributes, and spatial relationships to be accessed in a linked data environment maintaining the capability to generate graphic or image output from semantic queries. The description of an initial USGS approach to developing ontology, linked data, and initial query capability from The National Map databases is presented.
C1 [Usery, E. Lynn; Varanka, Dalia] US Geol Survey, Rolla, MO 65401 USA.
RP Usery, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1400 Independence Rd, Rolla, MO 65401 USA.
EM usery@usgs.gov
OI Varanka, Dalia/0000-0003-2857-9600
NR 52
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-0844
EI 2210-4968
J9 SEMANT WEB
JI Semant. Web
PY 2012
VL 3
IS 4
BP 371
EP 384
DI 10.3233/SW-2011-0054
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information
Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA V39UW
UT WOS:000209436900004
ER
PT B
AU Jayko, AS
Bursik, M
AF Jayko, Angela S.
Bursik, Marcus
BE Busby, C
Azor, A
TI Active transtensional intracontinental basins: Walker Lane belt in the
western Great Basin
SO TECTONICS OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS: RECENT ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE transpressional basins; Walker Lane; Owens Valley graben; Quaternary
bimodal continental volcanism; neogene transpression
ID CALIFORNIA SHEAR ZONE; CENTRAL SIERRA-NEVADA; LONG-VALLEY CALDERA;
ANCESTRAL CASCADES ARC; EASTERN CALIFORNIA; PLATE BOUNDARY;
NORTH-AMERICAN; NORTHEASTERN CALIFORNIA; STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; CENOZOIC
EVOLUTION
AB The geometry and dimensions of sedimentary basins within the Walker Lane are a result of Plio-Pleistocene transtensive deformation and partial detachment of the Sierra Nevada crustal block from the North American plate. Distinct morpho-tectonic domains lie within this active transtensive zone. The northeast end of the Walker Lane is partly buried by active volcanism of the southern Cascades, and adjacent basins are filled or poorly developed. To the south, the basin sizes are moderate, 25-45km x 15-10 km, with narrow 8-12km wide mountain ranges mainly oriented N-S to NNE. These basins form subparallel arrays in discrete zones trending about 300 degrees and have documented clockwise rotation. This is succeeded to the south by a releasing stepover domain similar to 85-100km wide, where the basins are elongated E-W to ENE, small (similar to 15-30km long, 5-15km wide), and locally occupied by active volcanic centers. The southernmost part of the Walker Lane is structurally integrated, with high to extreme relief. Adjacent basins are elongate, 50-200km long and similar to 5 -20km wide. Variations in transtensive basin orientations in the Walker Lane are largely attributable to variations in strain partitioning. Large basins in the Walker Lane have 2-6km displacement across basin bounding faults with up to 3 km of clastic accumulation based on gravity and drill hole data. The sedimentary deposits of the basins may include interbedded volcanic deposits with bimodal basaltic and rhyolitic associations. The basins may include lacustrine deposits that record a wide range of water chemistry from cold fresh water conditions to saline-evaporative.
C1 [Jayko, Angela S.] US Geol Survey, UC White Mt Res Stn, Bishop, CA 93514 USA.
[Bursik, Marcus] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
RP Jayko, AS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, UC White Mt Res Stn, 3000 E Line St, Bishop, CA 93514 USA.
RI Azor, Antonio/K-9761-2014
NR 94
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 3
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-4443-4713-5; 978-1-4051-9465-5
PY 2012
BP 226
EP 248
PG 23
WC Geology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA BA5TG
UT WOS:000336999700012
ER
PT B
AU Draut, AE
Clift, PD
AF Draut, Amy E.
Clift, Peter D.
BE Busby, C
Azor, A
TI Basins in arc-continent collisions
SO TECTONICS OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS: RECENT ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE arc continent collision; forearc basin; backarc basin; trench slope
basin; tectonic erosion
ID WRANGELLIA COMPOSITE TERRANE; SUBDUCTION ZONE EARTHQUAKES; SUBMARINE
SILICIC CALDERA; OCEANIC ISLAND-ARC; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; FORE-ARC;
STRATIGRAPHIC RECORD; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; CENOZOIC EVOLUTION; MARGINAL
BASINS
AB Arc-continent collisions occur commonly in the plate-tectonic cycle and result in rapidly formed and rapidly collapsing orogens, often spanning just 5-15 My. Growth of continental masses through arc-continent collision is widely thought to be a major process governing the structural and geochemical evolution of the continental crust over geologic time. Collisions of intra-oceanic arcs with passive continental margins (a situation in which the arc, on the upper plate, faces the continent) involve a substantially different geometry than collisions of intra-oceanic arcs with active continental margins (a situation requiring more than one convergence zone and in which the arc, on the lower plate, backs into the continent), with variable preservation potential for basins in each case. Substantial differences also occur between trench and forearc evolution in tectonically erosive versus tectonically accreting margins, both before and after collision.
We examine the evolution of trenches, trench-slope basins, forearc basins, intra-arc basins, and backarc basins during arc-continent collision. The preservation potential of trench-slope basins is low; in collision they are rapidly uplifted and eroded, and at erosive margins they are progressively destroyed by subduction erosion. Post-collisional preservation of trench sediment and trench-slope basins is biased toward margins that were tectonically accreting for a substantial length of time before collision. Forearc basins in erosive margins are usually floored by strong lithosphere and may survive collision with a passive margin, sometimes continuing sedimentation throughout collision and orogeny. The low flexural rigidity of intra-arc basins makes them deep and, if preserved, potentially long records of arc and collisional tectonism. Backarc basins, in contrast, are typically subducted and their sediment either lost or preserved only as fragments in melange sequences. A substantial proportion of the sediment derived from collisional orogenesis ends up in the foreland basin that forms as a result of collision, and may be preserved largely undeformed. Compared to continent-continent collisional foreland basins, arc-continent collisional foreland basins are short-lived and may undergo partial inversion after collision as a new, active continental margin forms outboard of the collision zone and the orogen whose load forms the basin collapses in extension.
C1 [Draut, Amy E.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Clift, Peter D.] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Geosci, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland.
RP Draut, AE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RI Azor, Antonio/K-9761-2014;
OI East, Amy/0000-0002-9567-9460
NR 129
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-4443-4713-5; 978-1-4051-9465-5
PY 2012
BP 347
EP 368
PG 22
WC Geology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA BA5TG
UT WOS:000336999700018
ER
PT S
AU Nordstrom, DK
AF Nordstrom, D. K.
BE Ng, JC
Noller, BN
Naidu, R
Bundschuh, J
Bhattacharya, P
TI Arsenic in the geosphere meets the anthroposphere
SO UNDERSTANDING THE GEOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL INTERFACE OF ARSENIC, AS 2012
SE Arsenic in the Environment
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment - Understanding
the Geological and Medical Interface (As)
CY JUL 22-27, 2012
CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA
SP Royal Inst Technol, ISGSD, Univ So Queensland, Univ Queensland, Entox, Sustainable Minerals Inst, Ctr Mined Land Rehabil, SMI Technol Transfer, JK Tech, CRC CARE
ID NATURAL HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; WATER-ROCK
INTERACTIONS; SURFACE-WATER; OROGENIC GOLD; BENGAL BASIN; WEST-BENGAL;
NEW-ZEALAND; GROUNDWATER; BANGLADESH
AB The geochemical cycle of arsenic (As) during the evolution of the earth has been one of enrichment: formation of the earth enriched As in the upper crust, further enrichment was achieved during formation of carbonaceous shales, more enrichment occurred through hydrothermal alteration of shales and formation of gold, antimony, and copper mineral deposits, and we concentrate it further by mining and mineral processing activities. Understanding the diagenetic-tectonic-hydrothermal cycle helps to explain the occurrence of naturally high arsenic concentrations in source rocks, the aqueous geochemistry of arsenic explains its mobility, and hydrogeological information explains the rate and direction of transport by surface water and groundwater. As the world population continues to grow exponentially in contrast with the fixed and limited supply of water, more water supplies contaminated with As are being extracted from groundwater. Ultimately arsenic contamination could be interpreted as one of several symptoms of overpopulation.
C1 [Nordstrom, D. K.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Nordstrom, DK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
SN 1876-6218
BN 978-0-203-07880-8; 978-0-415-63763-3
J9 ARSEN ENVIR
PY 2012
BP 15
EP 19
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BG9EE
UT WOS:000393139700003
ER
PT S
AU Campbell, KM
Nordstrom, DK
Hay, MB
AF Campbell, K. M.
Nordstrom, D. K.
Hay, M. B.
BE Ng, JC
Noller, BN
Naidu, R
Bundschuh, J
Bhattacharya, P
TI Kinetic modelling of microbial iron (II) oxidation, iron (III)
hydrolysis, and arsenic (III) oxidation in acid waters
SO UNDERSTANDING THE GEOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL INTERFACE OF ARSENIC, AS 2012
SE Arsenic in the Environment
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment - Understanding
the Geological and Medical Interface (As)
CY JUL 22-27, 2012
CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA
SP Royal Inst Technol, ISGSD, Univ So Queensland, Univ Queensland, Entox, Sustainable Minerals Inst, Ctr Mined Land Rehabil, SMI Technol Transfer, JK Tech, CRC CARE
AB Acidophilic iron (Fe-II)-oxidizing microorganisms are widespread in acidic mine-impacted waters and are the primary drivers for Fe(II) oxidation at low pH. The resulting changes in Fe chemistry have profound effects on arsenic redox cycling and mobility. A series of batch biotic and abiotic experiments were performed to quantitatively determine the kinetics of key processes for inclusion into a numeric model. Biogeochemical predictions for an acidic, Fe(II)-rich natural water require a coupled biotic-abiotic model. While Fe(II) oxidation is microbially-mediated, abiotic processes including Fe(III) hydrolysis and photochemical arsenic (As-III) oxidation are also important; the kinetics of these processes should be included in geochemical modeling to interpret experimental and field data.
C1 [Campbell, K. M.; Nordstrom, D. K.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Hay, M. B.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Hay, M. B.] ARCADIS US Inc, Highlands Ranch, CO USA.
RP Campbell, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
SN 1876-6218
BN 978-0-203-07880-8; 978-0-415-63763-3
J9 ARSEN ENVIR
PY 2012
BP 461
EP 462
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BG9EE
UT WOS:000393139700167
ER
PT S
AU Nordstrom, DK
McCleskey, RB
Campbell, KM
AF Nordstrom, D. K.
McCleskey, R. B.
Campbell, K. M.
BE Ng, JC
Noller, BN
Naidu, R
Bundschuh, J
Bhattacharya, P
TI Arsenic in Yellowstone's thermal waters: Trends and anomalies
SO UNDERSTANDING THE GEOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL INTERFACE OF ARSENIC, AS 2012
SE Arsenic in the Environment
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment - Understanding
the Geological and Medical Interface (As)
CY JUL 22-27, 2012
CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA
SP Royal Inst Technol, ISGSD, Univ So Queensland, Univ Queensland, Entox, Sustainable Minerals Inst, Ctr Mined Land Rehabil, SMI Technol Transfer, JK Tech, CRC CARE
ID GEOCHEMISTRY; ANTIMONY
AB Arsenic concentrations in Yellowstone's thermal waters range from 0.001-15 mg L-1 but most commonly are 0.5-3 mg L-1. Most As concentrations correlate linearly with Cl, suggesting conservative behavior with 3 exceptions: (1) a few very high values in Norris Geyser Basin, (2) 2 springs mixing with more than 2 end-members, and (3) very low values from mostly small, low-temperature acid pools that precipitate orpiment. Monitoring data indicate momentary additions of As that cannot be explained by simple mixing. A clear difference in As/Cl ratio was found between Norris Geyser Basin waters and those from inside the caldera.
C1 [Nordstrom, D. K.; McCleskey, R. B.; Campbell, K. M.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Nordstrom, DK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
OI McCleskey, Richard/0000-0002-2521-8052
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
SN 1876-6218
BN 978-0-203-07880-8; 978-0-415-63763-3
J9 ARSEN ENVIR
PY 2012
BP 479
EP 480
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BG9EE
UT WOS:000393139700173
ER
PT S
AU Breit, GN
Goldstein, HL
AF Breit, G. N.
Goldstein, H. L.
BE Ng, JC
Noller, BN
Naidu, R
Bundschuh, J
Bhattacharya, P
TI Arsenic distribution in the vadose zone of arid basins
SO UNDERSTANDING THE GEOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL INTERFACE OF ARSENIC, AS 2012
SE Arsenic in the Environment
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Congress on Arsenic in the Environment - Understanding
the Geological and Medical Interface (As)
CY JUL 22-27, 2012
CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA
SP Royal Inst Technol, ISGSD, Univ So Queensland, Univ Queensland, Entox, Sustainable Minerals Inst, Ctr Mined Land Rehabil, SMI Technol Transfer, JK Tech, CRC CARE
AB Evaporative environments are known to produce high dissolved arsenic concentrations, particularly in systems characterized by pH > 8. In areas with shallow groundwater, dissolved arsenic accumulates in response to evaporation at the ground surface and within the vadose zone. The distribution of arsenate (the pentavalent form of arsenic) in the vadose zone is distinct from other dissolved ions including other oxyanions, presumably due to specific chemical properties unique to the arsenate species in saline, high pH environments.
C1 [Breit, G. N.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Breit, GN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
OI Goldstein, Harland/0000-0002-6092-8818
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
SN 1876-6218
BN 978-0-203-07880-8; 978-0-415-63763-3
J9 ARSEN ENVIR
PY 2012
BP 537
EP 538
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BG9EE
UT WOS:000393139700190
ER
PT S
AU Gurbuz, SZ
Ozen, H
Chander, G
AF Gurbuz, S. Z.
Ozen, H.
Chander, G.
BE Shortis, M
ElSheimy, N
TI A SURVEY OF LANDNET SITES FOCUSING ON TUZ GOLU SALT LAKE, TURKEY
SO XXII ISPRS CONGRESS, TECHNICAL COMMISSION I
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd Congress of the
International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing
CY AUG 25-SEP 01, 2012
CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Hexagon, ESRI, RMIT Univ, Sch Math Geospatial Sci
DE Remote Sensing; Satellite; Sensor; Calibration; Comparison; CEOS WGCV
IVOS; LANDNET; Sites
ID RAILROAD VALLEY PLAYA; VICARIOUS CALIBRATION; SENSOR CALIBRATION; CRAU
AB Radiometric calibration is critical to ensure the accuracy, veracity, continuity and reliability of satellite data measured from multiple sensors and platforms, and is thus recognized as a key activity by all satellite operators. For imaging sensors, vicarious methods using natural targets (such as salt lakes, deserts, or flatlands that are well-characterized and preferably temporally and spatially stable) as a reference are similarly well established. However, while selecting a target site, it is important that its quality and location are selected to minimize sources of uncertainty for any given sensor. To maximize the benefit from limited resources and minimize the impact on satellite operators, the Infrared Visible Optical Sensor (IVOS) sub-group of Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) Working Group on Calibration and Validation (WGCV) has selected a few, well-characterized, regularly instrumented target sites, which have since become known as LANDNET sites. Currently, there are eight LANDNET sites: 1) Dome C, Antarctica; 2) Dunhuang, China, Asia; 3) Lspec Frenchman Flat, NV, USA, North America; 4) Ivanpah, NV/CA, USA, North America; 5) La Crau, France, Europe; 6) Negev, Southern Israel, Asia; 7) Railroad Valley Playa, NV, USA, North America; 8) Tuz Golu, Central Anatolia, Turkey, Asia. This work summarizes the key characteristics, and areas of application of each of the LANDNET sites, especially that of Tuz Golu, to guide and inform researchers on site selection, and increase international awareness and collaboration in this field. Additionally, detailed information about the Tuz Golu, Turkey test site is provided, including geographical characteristics, spatial uniformity qualities, and opportunities for international researchers to conduct experiments and measurements. Practical, technical, and logistical experience gained through the international field campaigns organized over the last few years at Tuz Golu is also shared in detail.
C1 [Gurbuz, S. Z.; Ozen, H.] TUBITAK Space Technol Res Inst, Ankara, Turkey.
[Gurbuz, S. Z.] TOBB Univ Econ & Technol, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Ankara, Turkey.
[Chander, G.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, SGT Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Gurbuz, SZ (reprint author), TUBITAK Space Technol Res Inst, Ankara, Turkey.
EM sevgi.gurbuz@uzay.tubitak.gov.tr; hilal.ozen@uzay.tubitak.gov.tr;
gchander@usgs.gov
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2012
VL 39-B1
BP 115
EP 120
PG 6
WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
GA BD1OS
UT WOS:000358208700022
ER
PT S
AU Sampath, A
Moe, D
Christopherson, J
AF Sampath, Aparajithan
Moe, Donald
Christopherson, Jon
BE Shortis, M
ElSheimy, N
TI TWO METHODS FOR SELF CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL CAMERA
SO XXII ISPRS CONGRESS, TECHNICAL COMMISSION I
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd Congress of the
International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing
CY AUG 25-SEP 01, 2012
CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Hexagon, ESRI, RMIT Univ, Sch Math Geospatial Sci
DE Photogrammetry; Rectification; Bundle; Camera; Geometric
AB Photogrammetric mapping using Commercial of the Shelf (COTS) cameras is becoming more popular. Their popularity is augmented by the increasing use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) as a platform for mapping. The mapping precision of these methods can be increased by using a calibrated camera. The USGS/EROS has developed an inexpensive, easy to use method, particularly for calibrating short focal length cameras. The method builds on a self-calibration procedure developed for the USGS EROS Data Center by Pictometry (and augmented by Dr. C.S Fraser), that uses a series of coded targets. These coded targets form different patterns that are imaged from nine different locations with differing camera orientations. A free network solution using collinearity equations is used to determine the calibration parameters. For the smaller focal length COTS cameras, the USGS has developed a procedure that uses a small prototype box that contains these coded targets. The design of the box is discussed, along with best practices for calibration procedure. Results of calibration parameters obtained using the box are compared with the parameters obtained using more established standard procedures.
C1 [Sampath, Aparajithan; Moe, Donald; Christopherson, Jon] US Geol Survey, SGT Inc, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Sampath, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SGT Inc, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM asampath@usgs.gov; dmoe@usgs.gov; jonchris@usgs.gov
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2012
VL 39-B1
BP 261
EP 266
PG 6
WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
GA BD1OS
UT WOS:000358208700046
ER
PT S
AU Gesch, D
Oimoen, M
Zhang, Z
Meyer, D
Danielson, J
AF Gesch, D.
Oimoen, M.
Zhang, Z.
Meyer, D.
Danielson, J.
BE Shortis, M
Madden, M
TI VALIDATION OF THE ASTER GLOBAL DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL VERSION 2 OVER
THE CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES
SO XXII ISPRS CONGRESS, TECHNICAL COMMISSION IV
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd Congress of the
International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing
CY AUG 25-SEP 01, 2012
CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Hexagon, ESRI, RMIT Univ, Sch Math Geospatial Sci
DE Accuracy; DEM/DTM; Comparison; Geodesy; Global-Environmental-Databases;
Land Cover; Mapping; Satellite
ID SRTM; GDEM
AB The ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model Version 2 (GDEM v2) was evaluated over the conterminous United States in a manner similar to the validation conducted for the original GDEM Version 1 (v1) in 2009. The absolute vertical accuracy of GDEM v2 was calculated by comparison with more than 18,000 independent reference geodetic ground control points from the National Geodetic Survey. The root mean square error (RMSE) measured for GDEM v2 is 8.68 meters. This compares with the RMSE of 9.34 meters for GDEM v1. Another important descriptor of vertical accuracy is the mean error, or bias, which indicates if a DEM has an overall vertical offset from true ground level. The GDEM v2 mean error of -0.20 meters is a significant improvement over the GDEM v1 mean error of -3.69 meters. The absolute vertical accuracy assessment results, both mean error and RMSE, were segmented by land cover to examine the effects of cover types on measured errors. The GDEM v2 mean errors by land cover class verify that the presence of aboveground features (tree canopies and built structures) cause a positive elevation bias, as would be expected for an imaging system like ASTER. In open ground classes (little or no vegetation with significant aboveground height), GDEM v2 exhibits a negative bias on the order of 1 meter. GDEM v2 was also evaluated by differencing with the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) dataset. In many forested areas, GDEM v2 has elevations that are higher in the canopy than SRTM.
C1 [Gesch, D.; Meyer, D.; Danielson, J.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Oimoen, M.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, SGT Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Zhang, Z.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, ERT Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Gesch, D (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM gesch@usgs.gov; dmeyer@usgs.gov; daniels@usgs.gov
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2012
VL 39-B4
BP 281
EP 286
PG 6
WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
GA BD1OW
UT WOS:000358212000052
ER
PT S
AU Meyer, DJ
Tachikawa, T
Abrams, M
Crippen, R
Krieger, T
Gesch, D
Carabajal, C
AF Meyer, D. J.
Tachikawa, T.
Abrams, M.
Crippen, R.
Krieger, T.
Gesch, D.
Carabajal, C.
BE Shortis, M
Madden, M
TI SUMMARY OF THE VALIDATION OF THE SECOND VERSION OF THE ASTER GDEM
SO XXII ISPRS CONGRESS, TECHNICAL COMMISSION IV
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd Congress of the
International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing
CY AUG 25-SEP 01, 2012
CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Hexagon, ESRI, RMIT Univ, Sch Math Geospatial Sci
DE ASTER; Global Digital Elevation Model; Accuracy; DEM/DTM; Comparison;
Geodesy; Global-Environmental-Databases; Land Cover; Mapping; Satellite
AB On October 17, 2011, NASA and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) of Japan released the second version of the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) to users worldwide at no charge as a contribution to the Global Earth Observing System of Systems (GEOSS). The first version of the ASTER GDEM, released on June 29, 2009, was compiled from over 1.2 million scene-based DEMs covering land surfaces between 83 degrees N and 83 degrees S latitudes. The second version (GDEM2) incorporates 260,000 additional scenes to improve coverage, a smaller correlation kernel to yield higher spatial resolution, and improved water masking.
As with GDEM1, US and Japanese partners collaborated to validate GDEM2. Its absolute accuracy was within -0.20 meters on average when compared against 18,000 geodetic control points over the conterminous US (CONUS), with an accuracy of 17 meters at the 95% confidence level. The Japan study noted the GDEM2 differed from the 10-meter national elevation grid by -0.7 meters over bare areas, and by 7.4 meters over forested areas. The CONUS study noted a similar result, with the GDEM2 determined to be about 8 meters above the 1 arc-second US National Elevation Database (NED) over most forested areas, and more than a meter below NED over bare areas. A global ICESat study found the GDEM2 to be on average within 3 meters of altimeter-derived control. The Japan study noted a horizontal displacement of 0.23 pixels in GDEM2. A study from the US National Geospatial Intelligence Agency also determined horizontal displacement and vertical accuracy as compared to the 1 arc-second Shuttle Radar Topography Mission DEM. US and Japanese studies estimated the horizontal resolution of the GDEM2 to be between 71 and 82 meters. Finally, the number of voids and artifacts noted in GDEM1 were substantially reduced in GDEM2.
C1 [Meyer, D. J.; Gesch, D.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resource Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57030 USA.
[Tachikawa, T.] Earth Remote Sensing Data Anal Ctr, Tokyo, Japan.
[Abrams, M.; Crippen, R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Krieger, T.] US Natl Geospatial Intelligence Agcy, St Louis, MO USA.
[Carabajal, C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sigma Space Corp, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Meyer, DJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resource Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57030 USA.
EM dmeyer@usgs.gov; tatikawa@ersdac.or.jp; mabrams@jpl.nasa.gov;
robert.e.crippen@jpl.nasa.gov; Tabitha.L.Krieger@nga.mil;
gesch@usgs.gov; Claudia.C.Carabajal@nasa.gov
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2012
VL 39-B4
BP 291
EP 293
PG 3
WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
GA BD1OW
UT WOS:000358212000054
ER
PT S
AU Burns, KN
Speyerer, EJ
Robinson, MS
Tran, T
Rosiek, MR
Archinal, BA
Howington-Kraus, E
AF Burns, K. N.
Speyerer, E. J.
Robinson, M. S.
Tran, T.
Rosiek, M. R.
Archinal, B. A.
Howington-Kraus, E.
CA LROC Sci Team
BE Shortis, M
Madden, M
TI DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS AND DERIVED PRODUCTS FROM LROC NAC STEREO
OBSERVATIONS
SO XXII ISPRS CONGRESS, TECHNICAL COMMISSION IV
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd Congress of the
International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing
CY AUG 25-SEP 01, 2012
CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Hexagon, ESRI, RMIT Univ, Sch Math Geospatial Sci
DE DEM/DTM; Three-dimensional; Application; Planetary; Mapping;
Geomorphology; Modeling; Processing
ID LUNAR RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER
AB One of the primary objectives of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) is to acquire stereo observations with the Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) to enable production of high resolution digital elevation models (DEMs). This work describes the processes and techniques used in reducing the NAC stereo observations to DEMs through a combination of USGS integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers (ISIS) and SOCET SET (R) from BAE Systems by a team at Arizona State University (ASU). LROC Science Operations Center personnel have thus far reduced 130 stereo observations to DEMs of more than 130 stereo pairs for 11 Constellation Program (CxP) sites and 53 other regions of scientific interest. The NAC DEM spatial sampling is typically 2 meters, and the vertical precision is 1-2 meters. Such high resolution provides the three-dimensional view of the lunar surface required for site selection, hazard avoidance and planning traverses that minimize resource consumption. In addition to exploration analysis, geologists can measure parameters such as elevation, slope, and volume to place constraints on composition and geologic history. The NAC DEMs are released and archived through NASA's Planetary Data System.
C1 [Burns, K. N.; Speyerer, E. J.; Robinson, M. S.; Tran, T.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Rosiek, M. R.; Archinal, B. A.; Howington-Kraus, E.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Burns, KN (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, 1100 S Cady, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM knburns1@asu.edu; mrosiek@usgs.gov; barchinal@usgs.gov;
ahowington@usgs.gov
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2012
VL 39-B4
BP 483
EP 488
PG 6
WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
GA BD1OW
UT WOS:000358212000089
ER
PT S
AU Kirk, RL
Archinal, BA
Gaddis, LR
Rosiek, MR
AF Kirk, R. L.
Archinal, B. A.
Gaddis, L. R.
Rosiek, M. R.
BE Shortis, M
Madden, M
TI LUNAR CARTOGRAPHY: PROGRESS IN THE 2000S AND PROSPECTS FOR THE 2010S
SO XXII ISPRS CONGRESS, TECHNICAL COMMISSION IV
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd Congress of the
International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing
CY AUG 25-SEP 01, 2012
CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Hexagon, ESRI, RMIT Univ, Sch Math Geospatial Sci
DE Extra-terrestrial; extraterrestrial; planetary; international;
databases; cartography; geodesy; mapping
ID LASER ALTIMETRY; TOPOGRAPHY; CHANGE-1; MISSION
AB The first decade of the 21st century has seen a new golden age of lunar exploration, with more missions than in any decade since the 1960's and many more nations participating than at any time in the past. We have previously summarized the history of lunar mapping and described the lunar missions planned for the 2000's (Kirk et al. 2006; 2007; 2008). Here we report on the outcome of lunar missions of this decade, the data gathered, the cartographic work accomplished and what remains to be done, and what is known about mission plans for the coming decade.
Four missions of lunar orbital reconnaissance were launched and completed in the decade 2001-2010: SMART-1 (European Space Agency), SELENE/Kaguya (Japan), Chang'e-1 (China), and Chandrayaan-1 (India). In addition, the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter or LRO (USA) is in an extended mission, and Chang'e-2 (China) operated in lunar orbit in 2010-2011. All these spacecraft have incorporated cameras capable of providing basic data for lunar mapping, and all but SMART-1 carried laser altimeters. Chang'e-1, Chang'e-2, Kaguya, and Chandrayaan-1 carried pushbroom stereo cameras intended for stereo mapping at scales of 120, 10, 10, and 5 m/pixel respectively, and LRO is obtaining global stereo imaging at 100 m/pixel with its Wide Angle Camera (WAC) and hundreds of targeted stereo observations at 0.5 m/pixel with its Narrow Angle Camera (NAC). Chandrayaan-1 and LRO carried polarimetric synthetic aperture radars capable of 75 m/pixel and (LRO only) 7.5 m/pixel imaging even in shadowed areas, and most missions carried spectrometers and imaging spectrometers whose lower resolution data are urgently in need of coregistration with other datasets and correction for topographic and illumination effects. The volume of data obtained is staggering. As one example, the LRO laser altimeter, LOLA, has so far made more than 5.5 billion elevation measurements, and the LRO Camera (LROC) system has returned more than 1.3 million archived image products comprising over 220 Terabytes of image data.
The processing of controlled map products from these data is as yet relatively limited. A substantial portion of the LOLA altimetry data have been subjected to a global crossover analysis, and local crossover analyses of Chang'e-1 LAM altimetry have also been performed. LRO NAC stereo digital topographic models (DTMs) and orthomosaics of numerous sites of interest have been prepared based on control to LOLA data, and production of controlled mosaics and DTMs from Mini-RF radar images has begun. Many useful datasets (e.g., DTMs from LRO WAC images and Kaguya Terrain Camera images) are currently uncontrolled.
Making controlled, orthorectified map products is obviously a high priority for lunar cartography, and scientific use of the vast multinational set of lunar data now available will be most productive if all observations can be integrated into a single reference frame. To achieve this goal, the key steps required are (a) joint registration and reconciliation of the laser altimeter data from multiple missions, in order to provide the best current reference frame for other products; (b) registration of image datasets (including spectral images and radar, as well as monoscopic and stereo optical images) to one another and the topographic surface from altimetry by bundle adjustment; (c) derivation of higher density topographic models than the altimetry provides, based on the stereo images registered to the altimetric data; and (d) orthorectification and mosaicking of the various datasets based on the dense and consistent topographic model resulting from the previous steps. In the final step, the dense and consistent topographic data will be especially useful for correcting spectrophotometric observations to facilitate mapping of geologic and mineralogic features.
We emphasize that, as desirable as short term progress may seem, making mosaics before controlling observations, and controlling observations before a single coordinate reference frame is agreed upon by all participants, are counterproductive and will result in a collection of map products that do not align with one another and thus will not be fully usable for correlative scientific studies.
Only a few lunar orbital missions performing remote sensing are projected for the decade 2011-2020. These include the possible further extension of the LRO mission; NASA's GRAIL mission, which is making precise measurements of the lunar gravity field that will likely improve the cartographic accuracy of data from other missions, and the Chandrayaan-2/Luna Resurs mission planned by India and Russia, which includes an orbital remote sensing component. A larger number of surface missions are being discussed for the current decade, including the lander/rover component of Chandrayaan-2/Luna Resurs, Chang'e-3 (China), SELENE-2 (Japan), and privately funded missions inspired by the Google Lunar X-Prize. The US Lunar Precursor Robotic Program was discontinued in 2010, leaving NASA with no immediate plans for robotic or human exploration of the lunar surface, though the MoonRise sample return mission might be reproposed in the future. If the cadence of missions cannot be continued, the desired sequel to the decade of lunar mapping missions 2001-2010 should be a decade of detailed and increasingly multinational analysis of lunar data from 2011 onward.
C1 [Kirk, R. L.; Archinal, B. A.; Gaddis, L. R.; Rosiek, M. R.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Kirk, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM rkirk@usgs.gov; barchinal@usgs.gov; lgaddis@usgs.gov; mrosiek@usgs.gov
NR 56
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PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2012
VL 39-B4
BP 489
EP 494
PG 6
WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
GA BD1OW
UT WOS:000358212000090
ER
PT S
AU Speyerer, EJ
Wagner, RV
Robinson, MS
Humm, DC
Becker, K
Anderson, J
Thomas, P
AF Speyerer, E. J.
Wagner, R. V.
Robinson, M. S.
Humm, D. C.
Becker, K.
Anderson, J.
Thomas, P.
BE Shortis, M
Madden, M
TI IN-FLIGHT GEOMETRIC CALIBRATION OF THE LUNAR RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER
CAMERA
SO XXII ISPRS CONGRESS, TECHNICAL COMMISSION IV
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd Congress of the
International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing
CY AUG 25-SEP 01, 2012
CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Hexagon, ESRI, RMIT Univ, Sch Math Geospatial Sci
DE Calibration; Registration; Geometric; Sensor; Optical; Distortion;
Accuracy; Temperature
AB The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) consists of two imaging systems that provide synoptic and high resolution imaging of the lunar surface. The Wide Angle Camera (WAC) is a seven color push frame imager with a 90 degrees field of view in monochrome mode and 60 degrees field of view in color mode. From the nominal 50 km polar orbit, the WAC acquires images with a nadir pixel scale of 75 m for each visible band and 384 m for the two ultraviolet bands. The Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) consists of two identical cameras capable of acquiring images with a pixel scale of 0.5 to 1.0 m from a 50 km orbit. Each camera was geometrically calibrated prior to launch at Malin Space Science Systems in San Diego, California. Using thousands of images acquired since launch in June of 2009, improvements to the relative and absolute pointing of the twin NACs were made allowing images on the surface to be projected with an accuracy of 20 meters. Further registration of WAC and NAC images allowed the derivation of a new distortion model and pointing updates for the WAC, thus enabling sub-pixel accuracy in projected WAC images.
C1 [Speyerer, E. J.; Wagner, R. V.; Robinson, M. S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Humm, D. C.] Space Instrument Calibrat Consulting, Annapolis, MD USA.
[Becker, K.; Anderson, J.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Res Program, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
[Thomas, P.] Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Speyerer, EJ (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, 1100 S Cady Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM espeyerer@ser.asu.edu
RI Humm, David/B-8825-2016
OI Humm, David/0000-0003-1520-261X
NR 11
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U1 0
U2 0
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2012
VL 39-B4
BP 511
EP 516
PG 6
WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
GA BD1OW
UT WOS:000358212000094
ER
PT S
AU McKinley, R
Clark, J
Lecker, J
AF McKinley, R.
Clark, J.
Lecker, J.
BE Shortis, M
Shimoda, H
Cho, K
TI BURN SEVERITY MAPPING IN AUSTRALIA 2009
SO XXII ISPRS CONGRESS, TECHNICAL COMMISSION VIII
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 22nd Congress of the
International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing
CY AUG 25-SEP 01, 2012
CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Hexagon, ESRI, RMIT Univ, Sch Math Geospatial Sci
DE Hazards; Forest fire; Change detection; Landsat; Landscape
AB In 2009, the Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment estimated approximately 430,000 hectares of Victoria Australia were burned by numerous bushfires. Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER) teams from the United States were deployed to Victoria to assist local fire managers. The U. S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (USGS/EROS) and U. S. Forest Service Remote Sensing Applications Center (USFS/RSAC) aided the support effort by providing satellite-derived. soil burn severity. maps for over 280,000 burned hectares. In the United States, BAER teams are assembled to make rapid assessments of burned lands to identify potential hazards to public health and property. An early step in the assessment process is the creation of a soil burn severity map used to identify hazard areas and prioritize treatment locations. These maps are developed primarily using Landsat satellite imagery and the differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) algorithm.
C1 [McKinley, R.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Clark, J.; Lecker, J.] US Forest Serv, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP McKinley, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM rmckinley@usgs.gov; jtclark@fs.fed.us; jlecker@fs.fed.us
NR 10
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U1 3
U2 4
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2012
VL 39-B8
BP 51
EP 54
PG 4
WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
GA BD1OR
UT WOS:000358207600010
ER
PT J
AU Dean, WE
Doner, LA
AF Dean, Walter E.
Doner, Lisa A.
TI A Holocene record of endogenic iron and manganese precipitation and
vegetation history in a lake-fen complex in northwestern Minnesota
SO JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Holocene lake record; Endogenic iron and manganese; Carbon isotopes;
Vegetation history; Minnesota
ID NORTH-CENTRAL MINNESOTA; ONEIDA LAKE; NEW-YORK; SEDIMENTS; USA;
VIVIANITE; CARBONATE; NODULES; WATERS; BAIKAL
AB Little Shingobee Lake and Fen are part of the extensive network of lakes and wetlands in the Shingobee River headwaters of northwestern Minnesota, designed to study the interactions between surface and ground waters. Prior to about 11.2 cal. ka, most of these lakes and wetlands were interconnected to form glacial Lake Willobee, which apparently formed when a debris flow dammed the Shingobee River. Between 11.2 and 8.5 cal. ka, the level of Lake Willobee fell as a result of breaching of the dam, transforming the deep lake into the existing lakes and wetlands. Analyses of a 9-m core from Little Shingobee Lake (LSL-B), and lacustrine sediments under 3.3 m of peat in a 17-m core from Little Shingobee Fen (LSF-10), show that the dominant components are allogenic clastic material, and endogenic CaCO(3) and organic matter. In both cores almost all of the iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) are incorporated in endogenic minerals, presumed to be X-ray amorphous oxyhydroxide minerals, that occur in significant quantities throughout the cores; almost no Fe and Mn are contributed from detrital aluminosilicate minerals. This suggests that, for most of the Holocene, the allogenic watershed contributions to lake chemistry were minor compared to the dissolved mineral load. In addition, prior to 3.5 cal. ka, pollen zone boundaries coincide with large changes in lake-sediment mineralogy, indicating that both landscape and climate processes were linked to early- and mid-Holocene lake chemistry. The pollen time series, with sequential domination by spruce, pine, sagebrush-oak, birch-oak and, finally, white pine is typical of the region and reflects the changing location of the prairie-forest transition zone over time. These changes in vegetation had some profound effects on the geochemistry of the lake waters.
C1 [Dean, Walter E.] US Geol Survey, MS Fed Ctr 980, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Doner, Lisa A.] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA.
RP Dean, WE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS Fed Ctr 980, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM dean@usgs.gov
OI Doner, Lisa/0000-0003-4810-184X
FU US Geological Survey
FX This work was funded by the US Geological Survey Global Change and
Climate History and Earth Surface Dynamics Programs. We thank Lesleigh
Anderson, Don Rosenberry, Tom Winter, and two anonymous reviewers for
helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. Cores are archived
at LacCore (National Lacustrine Core Repository), Department of Geology
and Geophysics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities.
NR 45
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U1 1
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2728
J9 J PALEOLIMNOL
JI J. Paleolimn.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 47
IS 1
BP 29
EP 42
DI 10.1007/s10933-011-9544-7
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 857MT
UT WOS:000297723300003
ER
PT J
AU McGlue, MM
Silva, A
Corradini, FA
Zani, H
Trees, MA
Ellis, GS
Parolin, M
Swarzenski, PW
Cohen, AS
Assine, ML
AF McGlue, Michael M.
Silva, Aguinaldo
Corradini, Fabricio A.
Zani, Hiran
Trees, Mark A.
Ellis, Geoffrey S.
Parolin, Mauro
Swarzenski, Peter W.
Cohen, Andrew S.
Assine, Mario L.
TI Limnogeology in Brazil's "forgotten wilderness": a synthesis from the
large floodplain lakes of the Pantanal (vol 46, pg 273, 2011)
SO JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [McGlue, Michael M.; Trees, Mark A.; Cohen, Andrew S.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Silva, Aguinaldo] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS CPAN, Dept Ciencias Ambiente, BR-79304902 Corumba, MS, Brazil.
[Corradini, Fabricio A.] Univ Fed Para UFPA, Fac Geog, BR-68501970 Maraba, Brazil.
[Zani, Hiran] INPE, Div Sensoriamento Remoto, BR-12201970 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
[Ellis, Geoffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Energy Resources Program, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Parolin, Mauro] Fac Estadual Ciencias Letras Campo Moura, BR-87303100 Campo Mourao, PR, Brazil.
[Swarzenski, Peter W.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Assine, Mario L.] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Dept Geol Aplicada IGCE, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
RP McGlue, MM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, 1040 E 4th St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM mmmcglue@email.arizona.edu; aguinald_silva@yahoo.com.br;
f_coradini@yahoo.com.br; hzani@dsr.inpe.br; treesma@email.arizona.edu;
gsellis@usgs.gov; mauroparolin@gmail.com; pswarzen@usgs.gov;
cohen@email.arizona.edu; assine@rc.unesp.br
RI Zani, Hiran/C-4304-2012; Corradini, Fabricio/D-3258-2013; Assine,
Mario/C-1154-2013
OI Assine, Mario/0000-0002-3097-5832
NR 1
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2728
J9 J PALEOLIMNOL
JI J. Paleolimn.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 47
IS 1
BP 165
EP 166
DI 10.1007/s10933-011-9545-6
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 857MT
UT WOS:000297723300012
ER
PT J
AU Olea, RA
AF Olea, Ricardo A.
TI Building on crossvalidation for increasing the quality of geostatistical
modeling
SO STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Crossvalidation; Kriging; Stochastic simulation; E-type estimate
AB The random function is a mathematical model commonly used in the assessment of uncertainty associated with a spatially correlated attribute that has been partially sampled. There are multiple algorithms for modeling such random functions, all sharing the requirement of specifying various parameters that have critical influence on the results. The importance of finding ways to compare the methods and setting parameters to obtain results that better model uncertainty has increased as these algorithms have grown in number and complexity. Crossvalidation has been used in spatial statistics, mostly in kriging, for the analysis of mean square errors. An appeal of this approach is its ability to work with the same empirical sample available for running the algorithms. This paper goes beyond checking estimates by formulating a function sensitive to conditional bias. Under ideal conditions, such function turns into a straight line, which can be used as a reference for preparing measures of performance. Applied to kriging, deviations from the ideal line provide sensitivity to the semivariogram lacking in crossvalidation of kriging errors and are more sensitive to conditional bias than analyses of errors. In terms of stochastic simulation, in addition to finding better parameters, the deviations allow comparison of the realizations resulting from the applications of different methods. Examples show improvements of about 30% in the deviations and approximately 10% in the square root of mean square errors between reasonable starting modelling and the solutions according to the new criteria.
C1 US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Olea, RA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 956, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM rolea@usgs.gov
NR 15
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U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1436-3240
J9 STOCH ENV RES RISK A
JI Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 26
IS 1
BP 73
EP 82
DI 10.1007/s00477-011-0496-2
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences;
Statistics & Probability; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics; Water
Resources
GA 858YK
UT WOS:000297839400006
ER
PT J
AU Bowker, MA
Munoz, A
Martinez, T
Lau, MK
AF Bowker, M. A.
Munoz, A.
Martinez, T.
Lau, M. K.
TI Rare drought-induced mortality of juniper is enhanced by edaphic
stressors and influenced by stand density
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Competition; Drought; Pifion-juniper woodlands; Global change;
Grassland-woodland transitions
ID SHRUB ENCROACHMENT; DIFFERENTIAL USE; TREE MORTALITY; VEGETATION;
SHIFTS; GRASSLANDS; CARBON; DESERTIFICATION; WOODLANDS; ABUNDANCE
AB During 2001-2003, a severe sub-continental drought resulted in a mortality event involving multiple woody plant species. Mass-mortality (up to 65% mortality in the locality studied) of the most drought resistant tree in the region, Juniperus monosperma (Engelm)Sarq., resulted in a conspicuously heterogeneous dieback pattern. Mortality was over three times greater in grassland landscapes compared to adjacent woodlands. We investigated the relative importance of biotic stressors (abundance of grass, tree density), edaphic stressors (soil texture), and climatic stressors (heat load) in determination of mortality. Using a multivariate modeling approach we separated the correlated edaphic and climatic influences, and determined that soil texture was the primary driver. We hypothesize that hydraulic failure in juniper was influenced by small-scale variation in matrix water potential (psi m). Density of tree stands also exerted an apparent competitive effect in grasslands and an apparent facilitative effect in woodlands. This study offers a rare glimpse of the extreme drought response of an anisohydric tree. The characteristics of sites with high juniper mortality may allow insight into the consequences of climate change impacts, enabling prediction of the types of sites which may be affected in the future. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bowker, M. A.] Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Area Biodiversidad & Conservac, Dept Biol & Geol, E-28933 Mostoles, Spain.
[Munoz, A.] Ironwood Tree Experience, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Martinez, T.] Arizona Western Coll, Sci Math & Agr Div, Yuma, AZ 85365 USA.
[Lau, M. K.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Bowker, MA (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, SW Biol Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Box 5614, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM mbowker@usgs.gov
FU Ministerio de Ciencia y Educacion, Gobierno de Espana; Northern Arizona
University IGERT (NSF) [0549505]
FX This project was conducted as part of Dr. Thomas G. Whitham's field
ecology course at Northern Arizona University. Drs. Whitham and George
W. Koch provided valuable discussion. We received laboratory space and
logistical support from Dr. Nancy C. Johnson. During the preparation of
this manuscript MAB was supported by a Juan de la Cierva post-doctoral
contract from the Ministerio de Ciencia y Educacion, Gobierno de Espana.
MKL is supported by the Northern Arizona University IGERT program (NSF
Grant 0549505).
NR 51
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U1 2
U2 27
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 76
BP 9
EP 16
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.08.012
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 849QH
UT WOS:000297139700002
ER
PT J
AU Arai, Y
Fuller, CC
AF Arai, Yuji
Fuller, C. C.
TI Effects of sulfate ligand on uranyl carbonato surface species on
ferrihydrite surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Uranium; Sorption; XAS; Ternary; Sulfate; Ternary complexes
ID PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIER; URANIUM(VI) ADSORPTION; SORPTION; COMPLEXES;
HEMATITE; ACID; MONTMORILLONITE; HYDROLYSIS; INTERFACE; CHEMISTRY
AB Understanding uranium (U) sorption processes in permeable reactive barriers (PRB) are critical in modeling reactive transport for evaluating PRB performance at the Fry Canyon demonstration site in Utah, USA. To gain insight into the U sequestration mechanism in the amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide (AFO)-coated gravel PRB, U(VI) sorption processes on ferrihydrite surfaces were studied in 0.01 M Na(2)SO(4) solutions to simulate the major chemical composition of U-contaminated groundwater (i.e., [SO(4)(2-)] similar to 13 mM L(-1)) at the site. Uranyl sorption was greater at pH 7.5 than that at pH 4 in both air- and 2% pCO(2)-equilibrated systems. While there were negligible effects of sulfate ligands on the pH-dependent U(VI) sorption (<24 h) in both systems, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) analysis showed sulfate ligand associated U(VI) surface species at the ferrihydrite-water interface. In air-equilibrated systems, binary and mono-sulfate U(VI) ternary surface species co-existed at pH 5.43. At pH 6.55-7.83, a mixture of mono-sulfate and bis-carbonato U(VI) ternary surface species became more important. At 2% pCO(2), there was no contribution of sulfate ligands on the U(VI) ternary surface species. Instead, a mixture of bis-carbonato inner-sphere (38%) and tris-carbonato outer-sphere U(VI) ternary surface species (62%) was found at pH 7.62. The study suggests that the competitive ligand (bicarbonate and sulfate) coordination on U(VI) surface species might be important in evaluating the U solid-state speciation in the AFO PRB at the study site where pCO(2) fluctuates between 1 and 2 pCO(2)%. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Arai, Yuji] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Fuller, C. C.] US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Arai, Y (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, 270 Poole Agr Ctr, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
EM yarai@clemson.edu
OI Fuller, Christopher/0000-0002-2354-8074
FU Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research;
National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources
FX We thank the three anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments.
Portions of this research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron
Radiation Laboratory, a national user facility operated by Stanford
University on behalf of the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences. The SSRL Structural Molecular Biology Program is
supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, and by the National Institutes of Health,
National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not constitute endorsement by the USGS.
NR 29
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U1 0
U2 23
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9797
J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI
JI J. Colloid Interface Sci.
PD JAN 1
PY 2012
VL 365
IS 1
BP 268
EP 274
DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.09.026
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 839WX
UT WOS:000296401300034
PM 21996008
ER
PT J
AU Tallis, H
Lester, SE
Ruckelshaus, M
Plummer, M
McLeod, K
Guerry, A
Andelman, S
Caldwell, MR
Conte, M
Copps, S
Fox, D
Fujita, R
Gaines, SD
Gelfenbaum, G
Gold, B
Kareiva, P
Kim, CK
Lee, K
Papenfus, M
Redman, S
Silliman, B
Wainger, L
White, C
AF Tallis, Heather
Lester, Sarah E.
Ruckelshaus, Mary
Plummer, Mark
McLeod, Karen
Guerry, Anne
Andelman, Sandy
Caldwell, Margaret R.
Conte, Marc
Copps, Stephen
Fox, David
Fujita, Rod
Gaines, Steven D.
Gelfenbaum, Guy
Gold, Barry
Kareiva, Peter
Kim, Choong-ki
Lee, Kai
Papenfus, Michael
Redman, Scott
Silliman, Brian
Wainger, Lisa
White, Crow
TI New metrics for managing and sustaining the ocean's bounty
SO MARINE POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Integrated ecosystem assessment; Marine spatial planning; Ecosystem
services; Monitoring
AB Policies are arising around the world, most recently in the United States, that mandate the implementation of marine spatial planning as a practical pathway towards ecosystem-based management. In the new United States ocean policy, and several other cases around the globe, ecosystem services are at the core of marine spatial planning, but there is little guidance on how ecosystem services should be measured, making it hard to implement this new approach. A new framework is shown here for practical, rigorous ecosystem service measurement that highlights contributions from both natural and social systems. The novel three-step framework addresses traditional shortcomings of an ecosystem services approach by giving managers and scientists the tools to assess and track: (1) the condition of the ecosystem (supply metrics), (2) the amount of ocean resources actually used or enjoyed by people (service metrics), and (3) people's preference for that level of service (value metrics). This framework will allow real world progress on marine spatial planning to happen quickly, and with a greater chance for success. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tallis, Heather; Guerry, Anne; Conte, Marc; Kim, Choong-ki; Papenfus, Michael] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Nat Capital Project, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Lester, Sarah E.; White, Crow] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93016 USA.
[Ruckelshaus, Mary; Plummer, Mark] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[McLeod, Karen] Oregon State Univ, COMPASS, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Andelman, Sandy] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
[Caldwell, Margaret R.] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Ctr Ocean Solut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Copps, Stephen] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Fox, David] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Marine Resources Program, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Fujita, Rod] Environm Def Fund, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
[Gaines, Steven D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Gelfenbaum, Guy] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Gold, Barry] Gordon & Betty Moore Fdn, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
[Kareiva, Peter] Nature Conservancy, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Lee, Kai] David & Lucile Packard Fdn, Los Altos, CA 94022 USA.
[Redman, Scott] Puget Sound Partnership, Olympia, WA 98504 USA.
[Silliman, Brian] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32612 USA.
[Wainger, Lisa] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
RP Tallis, H (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Nat Capital Project, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM htallis@stanford.edu
RI Wainger, Lisa/H-7640-2012
OI Wainger, Lisa/0000-0002-3983-8850
NR 10
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-597X
J9 MAR POLICY
JI Mar. Pol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 36
IS 1
BP 303
EP 306
DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2011.03.013
PG 4
WC Environmental Studies; International Relations
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations
GA 834ZP
UT WOS:000296003300037
ER
PT J
AU Choi, DS
Dundas, CM
AF Choi, D. S.
Dundas, C. M.
TI Measurements of Martian dust devil winds with HiRISE
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MARS PATHFINDER; THRESHOLD; VORTICES; CAMERA; CYCLE
AB We report wind measurements within Martian dust devils observed in plan view from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) orbiting Mars. The central color swath of the HiRISE instrument has three separate charge-coupled devices (CCDs) and color filters that observe the surface in rapid cadence. Active features, such as dust devils, appear in motion when observed by this region of the instrument. Our image animations reveal clear circulatory motion within dust devils that is separate from their translational motion across the Martian surface. Both manual and automated tracking of dust devil clouds reveal tangential winds that approach 20-30 m s(-1) in some cases. These winds are sufficient to induce a similar to 1% decrease in atmospheric pressure within the dust devil core relative to ambient, facilitating dust lifting by reducing the threshold wind speed for particle elevation. Finally, radial velocity profiles constructed from our automated measurements test the Rankine vortex model for dust devil structure. Our profiles successfully reveal the solid body rotation component in the interior, but fail to conclusively illuminate the profile in the outer regions of the vortex. One profile provides evidence for a velocity decrease as a function of r(-1/2), instead of r(-1), suggestive of surface friction effects. However, other profiles do not support this observation, or do not contain enough measurements to produce meaningful insights. Citation: Choi, D. S., and C. M. Dundas (2011), Measurements of Martian dust devil winds with HiRISE, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L24206, doi: 10.1029/2011GL049806.
C1 [Choi, D. S.] NASA, ORAU, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Dundas, C. M.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Choi, DS (reprint author), NASA, ORAU, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 693,8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM david.s.choi@nasa.gov
RI Choi, David/C-5215-2012;
OI Dundas, Colin/0000-0003-2343-7224
FU Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Project; NASA [NNX09AD98G]
FX We thank two anonymous referees for constructive comments that improved
this paper. This work was supported by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
Project and NASA grant NNX09AD98G. We thank the HiRISE team for planning
and acquiring the images used in this work. We also thank Laszlo Kestay,
Moses Milazzo, Paul Geissler, Randy Kirk, Ingrid Daubar Spitale, Adam
Showman, Emily Rauscher, and Matt Balme for helpful discussions.
NR 20
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD DEC 31
PY 2011
VL 38
AR L24206
DI 10.1029/2011GL049806
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 871TP
UT WOS:000298760900002
ER
PT J
AU Spudis, PD
Wilhelms, DE
Robinson, MS
AF Spudis, Paul D.
Wilhelms, Don E.
Robinson, Mark S.
TI The Sculptured Hills of the Taurus Highlands: Implications for the
relative age of Serenitatis, basin chronologies and the cratering
history of the Moon
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID APOLLO-17 LANDING SITE; ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE; MULTIRING BASINS; LUNAR
CATACLYSM; MELT SHEET; MASSIFS; ORIGIN; STRATIGRAPHY; CHEMISTRY; GEOLOGY
AB New images from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera show the distribution and geological relations of the Sculptured Hills, a geological unit widespread in the highlands between the Serenitatis and Crisium basins. The Sculptured Hills shows knobby, undulating, radially textured, and plains-like morphologies and in many places is indistinguishable from the similarly knobby Alpes Formation, a facies of ejecta from the Imbrium basin. The new LROC image data show that the Sculptured Hills in the Taurus highlands is Imbrium ejecta and not directly related to the formation of the Serenitatis basin. This occurrence and the geological relations of this unit suggests that the Apollo 17 impact melts may not be not samples of the Serenitatis basin-forming impact, leaving their provenance undetermined and origin unexplained. If the Apollo 17 melt rocks are Serenitatis impact melt, up to half of the basin and large crater population of the Moon was created within a 30 Ma interval around 3.8 Ga in a global impact "cataclysm." Either interpretation significantly changes our view of the impact process and history of the Earth-Moon system.
C1 [Spudis, Paul D.] Lunar & Planetary Inst, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Wilhelms, Don E.] US Geol Survey, San Francisco, CA USA.
[Robinson, Mark S.] ASU Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA.
RP Spudis, PD (reprint author), Lunar & Planetary Inst, 3303 NASA Rd 1, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
FU LROC instrument team of the LRO mission; NASA Lunar Science Institute
FX Our work is supported by the LROC instrument team of the LRO mission and
the NASA Lunar Science Institute. We thank Brad Jolliff, an anonymous
reviewer, and Editor Mark Wieczorek for helpful and constructive reviews
of the manuscript. This paper is Lunar and Planetary Institute
Contribution 1634.
NR 47
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD DEC 31
PY 2011
VL 116
AR E00H03
DI 10.1029/2011JE003903
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 871SH
UT WOS:000298757500002
ER
PT J
AU Woodman, N
AF Woodman, Neal
TI Nomenclatural notes and identification of small-eared shrews (Mammalia:
genus Cryptotis) from Coban, Guatemala, in The Natural History Museum,
London
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Central America; shrew
ID HIGHLANDS; SORICIDAE
AB A small series of shrews collected in Guatemala and registered in the British Museum between 1843 and 1907 includes parts of type series for three species: Corsira tropicalis Gray (1843), Sorex micrurus Tomes (1862), and Marina tropicalis Merriam (1895). These three names are now considered equivalent, but my recent review of the specimens comprising the series indicates that they include three distinct species: Cryptotis merriami Choate (1970), Cryptotis oreoryctes Woodman (2011), and Cryptotis tropicalis (Merriam 1895). I review the taxonomic history of these specimens, provide current identifications tied directly to museum register numbers, describe how to distinguish the three species, and provide revised synonymies for these species.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Woodman, N (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM woodmann@si.edu
NR 24
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD DEC 30
PY 2011
VL 124
IS 4
BP 249
EP 258
PG 10
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 875WC
UT WOS:000299064900001
ER
PT J
AU Ernst, CH
Laemmerzahl, AF
Lovich, JE
AF Ernst, Carl H.
Laemmerzahl, Arndt F.
Lovich, Jeffrey E.
TI Does the "kamaroma"-plastron pattern morph occur in both Philippine
subspecies of the turtle Cuora amboinensis?
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE box turtle; Philippine turtle species; plastron patterns; turtle
subspecies
AB Two subspecies of the turtle Cuora amboinensis have been reported from the Philippine Islands, C. a. amboinensis and C. a. kamaroma, distinguished primarily by their carapace morphology, and secondarily by their plastron patterns. We assessed the utility of using shell and postorbital-stripe morphology instead of plastron patterns to distinguish these putative taxa. Adult C. amboinensis from the Philippines were examined to determine the extent of occurrence of C. a. kamaroma on the islands. Several morphological carapace characters and one based on the postorbital stripe were found to differ significantly between the subspecies C. a. amboinensis and C. a. kamaroma, and were used to assign turtles to subspecies. Use of these characters often resulted in conflicting subspecific identifications for those previously assigned by their plastron patterns to C. a. kamaroma. This poses important questions. Using the carapace and postorbital-stripe characters, 95.2% of the turtles in the mainland chain of islands were identified as C. a. amboinensis, and only 4.8% as C. a. kamaroma. Surprisingly, most of those assigned to C. a. kamaroma were from the northern islands of Babuyan and Luzon, not from the southern main chain island populations closest to the likely geographic area of invasion by that subspecies. This may be due to the common practice of importation of C. a. kamaroma into these northern islands, especially Luzon, for food. Turtles with kamaroma-like or C. a. amboinensis X C. a. kamaroma plastron patterns have been reported from the Sulu Archipelago and Busuanga/Palawan chain, and those specimens we examined from those islands confirmed this. The questions of whether or not C. a. kamaroma actually occurs in the Philippines and, if so, what is its island distribution, cannot be answered at this time. All specimens previously identified as C. a. kamaroma by their plastron-patterns should be re-evaluated, using the significant carapace and postorbital-stripe characters identified by Rummler & Fritz (1991) and in this paper. Philippine Cuora amboinensis cannot be identified to subspecies by their plastron patterns alone.
C1 [Ernst, Carl H.] Smithsonian Inst, MRC 162, Div Amphibians & Reptiles, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Laemmerzahl, Arndt F.] George Mason Univ, Biol Program, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Lovich, Jeffrey E.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Ernst, CH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, MRC 162, Div Amphibians & Reptiles, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM chernst@frontiernet.net; alaemmer@gmu.edu; jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov
OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
EI 1943-6327
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD DEC 30
PY 2011
VL 124
IS 4
BP 259
EP 269
PG 11
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 875WC
UT WOS:000299064900002
ER
PT J
AU Nagler, P
AF Nagler, Pamela
TI The role of remote sensing observations and models in hydrology: the
science of evapotranspiration Preface
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Nagler, P (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, 1110 E S Campus Dr,Room 123, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
NR 1
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0885-6087
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD DEC 30
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 26
SI SI
BP 3977
EP 3978
DI 10.1002/hyp.8436
PG 2
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 867TL
UT WOS:000298477300001
ER
PT J
AU Senay, GB
Leake, S
Nagler, PL
Artan, G
Dickinson, J
Cordova, JT
Glenn, EP
AF Senay, G. B.
Leake, S.
Nagler, P. L.
Artan, G.
Dickinson, J.
Cordova, J. T.
Glenn, E. P.
TI Estimating basin scale evapotranspiration (ET) by water balance and
remote sensing methods
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE evapotranspiration; water balance; energy balance; remote sensing;
vegetation indices; basin scale
ID SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; MODIS VEGETATION INDEXES; RAIN-GAUGE
MEASUREMENTS; RIPARIAN EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; MAPPING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION;
EDDY-COVARIANCE; SAMPLING ERRORS; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; EVAPORATION
AB Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important hydrological process that can be studied and estimated at multiple spatial scales ranging from a leaf to a river basin. We present a review of methods in estimating basin scale ET and its applications in understanding basin water balance dynamics. The review focuses on two aspects of ET: (i) how the basin scale water balance approach is used to estimate ET; and (ii) how direct measurement and modelling approaches are used to estimate basin scale ET. Obviously, the basin water balance-based ET requires the availability of good precipitation and discharge data to calculate ET as a residual on longer time scales (annual) where net storage changes are assumed to be negligible. ET estimated from such a basin water balance principle is generally used for validating the performance of ET models. On the other hand, many of the direct estimation methods involve the use of remotely sensed data to estimate spatially explicit ET and use basin-wide averaging to estimate basin scale ET. The direct methods can be grouped into soil moisture balance modelling, satellite-based vegetation index methods, and methods based on satellite land surface temperature measurements that convert potential ET into actual ET using a proportionality relationship. The review also includes the use of complementary ET estimation principles for large area applications. The review identifies the need to compare and evaluate the different ET approaches using standard data sets in basins covering different hydro-climatic regions of the world. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Senay, G. B.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Leake, S.] USGS Pacific SW Area, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Nagler, P. L.] US Geol Survey, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Artan, G.] ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Glenn, E. P.] Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Senay, GB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM senay@usgs.gov
RI Dickinson, Jesse/I-7177-2016
OI Dickinson, Jesse/0000-0002-0048-0839
NR 62
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 3
U2 61
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD DEC 30
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 26
SI SI
BP 4037
EP 4049
DI 10.1002/hyp.8379
PG 13
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 867TL
UT WOS:000298477300006
ER
PT J
AU Glenn, EP
Neale, CMU
Hunsaker, DJ
Nagler, PL
AF Glenn, Edward P.
Neale, Christopher M. U.
Hunsaker, Doug J.
Nagler, Pamela L.
TI Vegetation index-based crop coefficients to estimate evapotranspiration
by remote sensing in agricultural and natural ecosystems
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE MODIS; Landsat; reflectance-based crop coefficients; irrigation
scheduling; hydrological cycle; climate change studies
ID POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; EDDY COVARIANCE; USE EFFICIENCY; RIPARIAN
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; SATELLITE DATA; SOIL-MOISTURE; FLUX TOWERS; MODIS
DATA; LEAF-AREA; WATER-USE
AB Crop coefficients were developed to determine crop water needs based on the evapotranspiration (ET) of a reference crop under a given set of meteorological conditions. Starting in the 1980s, crop coefficients developed through lysimeter studies or set by expert opinion began to be supplemented by remotely sensed vegetation indices (VI) that measured the actual status of the crop on a field-by-field basis. VIs measure the density of green foliage based on the reflectance of visible and near infrared (NIR) light from the canopy, and are highly correlated with plant physiological processes that depend on light absorption by a canopy such as ET and photosynthesis. Reflectance-based crop coefficients have now been developed for numerous individual crops, including corn, wheat, alfalfa, cotton, potato, sugar beet, vegetables, grapes and orchard crops. Other research has shown that VIs can be used to predict ET over fields of mixed crops, allowing them to be used to monitor ET over entire irrigation districts. VI-based crop coefficients can help reduce agricultural water use by matching irrigation rates to the actual water needs of a crop as it grows instead of to a modeled crop growing under optimal conditions. Recently, the concept has been applied to natural ecosystems at the local, regional and continental scales of measurement, using time-series satellite data from the MODIS sensors on the Terra satellite. VIs or other visible-NIR band algorithms are combined with meteorological data to predict ET in numerous biome types, from deserts, to arctic tundra, to tropical rainforests. These methods often closely match ET measured on the ground at the global FluxNet array of eddy covariance moisture and carbon flux towers. The primary advantage of VI methods for estimating ET is that transpiration is closely related to radiation absorbed by the plant canopy, which is closely related to VIs. The primary disadvantage is that they cannot capture stress effects or soil evaporation. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Glenn, Edward P.] Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA.
[Neale, Christopher M. U.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Hunsaker, Doug J.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA.
[Nagler, Pamela L.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Glenn, EP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, 2601 E Airport Dr, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA.
EM eglenn@ag.arizona.edu
RI Neale, Christopher/G-3860-2012; Neale, Christopher/P-3676-2015
OI Neale, Christopher/0000-0002-7199-6410; Neale,
Christopher/0000-0002-7199-6410
NR 100
TC 46
Z9 47
U1 5
U2 112
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD DEC 30
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 26
SI SI
BP 4050
EP 4062
DI 10.1002/hyp.8392
PG 13
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 867TL
UT WOS:000298477300007
ER
PT J
AU Doody, TM
Nagler, PL
Glenn, EP
Moore, GW
Morino, K
Hultine, KR
Benyon, RG
AF Doody, Tanya M.
Nagler, Pamela L.
Glenn, Edward P.
Moore, Georgianne W.
Morino, Kiyomi
Hultine, Kevin R.
Benyon, Richard G.
TI Potential for water salvage by removal of non-native woody vegetation
from dryland river systems
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE willow; saltcedar; riparian vegetation evapotranspiration; riparian
vegetation; water balance; ecohydrology; sap flow; invasive; water
salvage; Murray-Darling Basin
ID LOWER COLORADO RIVER; TAMARIX-RAMOSISSIMA STANDS; SOUTH-EASTERN
AUSTRALIA; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; SAP FLUX; SALTCEDAR TAMARIX; EDDY
COVARIANCE; RIPARIAN TREES; PECOS RIVER; EUCALYPTUS-CAMALDULENSIS
AB Globally, expansion of non-native woody vegetation across floodplains has raised concern of increased evapotranspiration (ET) water loss with consequent reduced river flows and groundwater supplies. Water salvage programs, established to meet water supply demands by removing introduced species, show little documented evidence of program effectiveness. We use two case studies in the USA and Australia to illustrate factors that contribute to water salvage feasibility for a given ecological setting. In the USA, saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) has become widespread on western rivers, with water salvage programs attempted over a 50-year period. Some studies document riparian transpiration or ET reduction after saltcedar removal, but detectable increases in river base flow are not conclusively shown. Furthermore, measurements of riparian vegetation ET in natural settings show saltcedar ET overlaps the range measured for native riparian species, thereby constraining the possibility of water salvage by replacing saltcedar with native vegetation. In Australia, introduced willows (Salix spp.) have become widespread in riparian systems in the Murray-Darling Basin. Although large-scale removal projects have been undertaken, no attempts have been made to quantify increases in base flows. Recent studies of ET indicate that willows growing in permanently inundated stream beds have high transpiration rates, indicating water savings could be achieved from removal. In contrast, native Eucalyptus trees and willows growing on stream banks show similar ET rates with no net water salvage from replacing willows with native trees. We conclude that water salvage feasibility is highly dependent on the ecohydrological setting in which the non-native trees occur. We provide an overview of conditions favorable to water salvage. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Doody, Tanya M.] CSIRO Land & Water, Natl Res Flagship, CSIRO Water Hlth Country, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
[Doody, Tanya M.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
[Nagler, Pamela L.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Glenn, Edward P.] Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Moore, Georgianne W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX USA.
[Morino, Kiyomi] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Hultine, Kevin R.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Benyon, Richard G.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia.
RP Doody, TM (reprint author), CSIRO Land & Water, PMB 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
EM tanya.doody@csiro.au
RI doody, tanya/C-6890-2011; Moore, Georgianne/B-7891-2011
OI Moore, Georgianne/0000-0001-5190-5983
FU North East Catchment Management Authority, Water for Rivers; CSIRO
FX The reported Australian research was funded by the North East Catchment
Management Authority, Water for Rivers and the CSIRO Water for a Healthy
Country Flagship Program. The authors gratefully acknowledge John Thorp
(Weeds of National Significance) and Chris Auricht for assistance, and
Dr Albert Van Dijk and Ms Susan Cuddy for review comments.
NR 138
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 48
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD DEC 30
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 26
SI SI
BP 4117
EP 4131
DI 10.1002/hyp.8395
PG 15
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 867TL
UT WOS:000298477300013
ER
PT J
AU Scharer, KM
Biasi, GP
Weldon, RJ
AF Scharer, Katherine M.
Biasi, Glenn P.
Weldon, Ray J., II
TI A reevaluation of the Pallett Creek earthquake chronology based on new
AMS radiocarbon dates, San Andreas fault, California
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; RECURRENCE
AB The Pallett Creek paleoseismic record occupies a keystone position in most attempts to develop rupture histories for the southern San Andreas fault. Previous estimates of earthquake ages at Pallett Creek were determined by decay counting radiocarbon methods. That method requires large samples which can lead to unaccounted sources of uncertainty in radiocarbon ages because of the heterogeneous composition of organic layers. In contrast, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates may be obtained from small samples that have known carbon sources and also allow for a more complete sampling of the section. We present 65 new AMS radiocarbon dates that span nine ground-rupturing earthquakes at Pallett Creek. Overall, the AMS dates are similar to and reveal no dramatic bias in the conventional dates. For many layers, however, individual charcoal samples were younger than the conventional dates, leading to earthquake ages that are overall slightly younger than previously reported. New earthquake ages are determined by Bayesian refinement of the layer ages based on stratigraphic ordering and sedimentological constraints. The new chronology is more regular than previously published records in large part due to new samples constraining the age of event R. The closed interval from event C to 1857 has a mean recurrence of 135 years (sigma = 83.2 years) and a quasiperiodic coefficient of variation (COV) of 0.61. We show that the new dates and resultant earthquake chronology have a stronger effect on COV than the specific membership of this long series and dating precision improvements from sedimentation rates.
C1 [Scharer, Katherine M.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Geol, Boone, NC 28608 USA.
[Biasi, Glenn P.] Univ Nevada, Nevada Seismol Lab 174, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Weldon, Ray J., II] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
RP Scharer, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 525 S Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
EM kscharer@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program
[07HQGR0019]; Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC); National
Science Foundation [EAR-0106924]; USGS [02HQAG0008]; Appalachian State
University Dewel Microscopy Facility; University of Oregon Archaeometry
Facility; Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry at Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory
FX This work was funded by external grants from the U.S. Geological Survey
National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program (Award Number 07HQGR0019)
and the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC), which is funded by
National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement EAR-0106924 and USGS
Cooperative Agreement 02HQAG0008. This is SCEC contribution 1291.
Additional support came from the Appalachian State University Dewel
Microscopy Facility, the Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry at
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and the University of Oregon
Archaeometry Facility. We thank Kerry Sieh, James Lienkaemper, and one
anonymous reviewer for thoughtful reviews, Teri Gerard for her careful
field and laboratory work, and Tom Fumal for encouraging us to pursue
this study.
NR 19
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD DEC 30
PY 2011
VL 116
AR B12111
DI 10.1029/2010JB008099
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 872DE
UT WOS:000298787300001
ER
PT J
AU Chouet, B
Dawson, P
AF Chouet, Bernard
Dawson, Phillip
TI Shallow conduit system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, revealed by seismic
signals associated with degassing bursts
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-PERIOD EVENTS; KUSATSU-SHIRANE VOLCANO; WAVE-FORM INVERSION;
COMPLEX BODY WAVES; FINITE-DIFFERENCE METHOD; FLUID-DRIVEN CRACK;
POPOCATEPETL VOLCANO; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; STROMBOLI-VOLCANO; TEMPORAL
EVOLUTION
AB Eruptive activity at the summit of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, beginning in March, 2008 and continuing to the present time is characterized by episodic explosive bursts of gas and ash from a vent within Halemaumau Pit Crater. These bursts are accompanied by seismic signals that are well recorded by a broadband network deployed in the summit caldera. We investigate in detail the dimensions and oscillation modes of the source of a representative burst in the 1-10 s band. An extended source is realized by a set of point sources distributed on a grid surrounding the source centroid, where the centroid position and source geometry are fixed from previous modeling of very-long-period (VLP) data in the 10-50 s band. The source time histories of all point sources are obtained simultaneously through waveform inversion carried out in the frequency domain. Short-scale noisy fluctuations of the source time histories between adjacent sources are suppressed with a smoothing constraint, whose strength is determined through a minimization of the Akaike Bayesian Information Criterion (ABIC). Waveform inversions carried out for homogeneous and heterogeneous velocity structures both image a dominant source component in the form of an east trending dike with dimensions of 2.9 x 2.9 km. The dike extends similar to 2 km west and similar to 0.9 km east of the VLP centroid and spans the depth range 0.2-3.1 km. The source model for a homogeneous velocity structure suggests the dike is hinged at the source centroid where it bends from a strike E 27 degrees N with northern dip of 85 degrees west of the centroid, to a strike E 7 degrees N with northern dip of 80 degrees east of the centroid. The oscillating behavior of the dike is dominated by simple harmonic modes with frequencies similar to 0.2 Hz and similar to 0.5 Hz, representing the fundamental mode nu(11) and first degenerate mode nu(12) = nu(21) of the dike. Although not strongly supported by data in the 1-10 s band, a north striking dike segment is required for enhanced compatibility with the model elaborated in the 10-50 s band. This dike provides connectivity between the east trending dike and the new vent within Halemaumau Pit Crater. Waveform inversions with a dual-dike model suggest dimensions of 0.7 x 0.7 km to 2.6 x 2.6 km for this segment. Further elaboration of the complex dike system under Halemaumau does not appear to be feasible with presently available data.
C1 [Chouet, Bernard; Dawson, Phillip] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Chouet, B (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 910, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM chouet@usgs.gov; dawson@usgs.gov
FU Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
FX We are grateful to the staff of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory for
their help and support with the maintenance and operation of the Kilauea
broadband seismic network. We would like to thank Masaru Nakano for
enlightening discussions. We are indebted to Robert Tilling, Gilberto
Saccorotti, and the Associate Editor of JGR-Solid Earth for helpful
suggestions.
NR 48
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD DEC 29
PY 2011
VL 116
AR B12317
DI 10.1029/2011JB008677
PG 22
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 872DB
UT WOS:000298787000005
ER
PT J
AU ten Brink, US
Bakun, WH
Flores, CH
AF ten Brink, Uri S.
Bakun, William H.
Flores, Claudia H.
TI Historical perspective on seismic hazard to Hispaniola and the northeast
Caribbean region
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID LESSER-ANTILLES; TSUNAMI SIMULATIONS; PLATE BOUNDARY; VIRGIN ISLANDS;
PUERTO-RICO; EARTHQUAKE; SUBDUCTION; FAULT; ARC; MAGNITUDES
AB We evaluate the long-term seismic activity of the North-American/Caribbean plate boundary from 500 years of historical earthquake damage reports. The 2010 Haiti earthquakes and other earthquakes were used to derive regional attenuation relationships between earthquake intensity, magnitude, and distance from the reported damage to the epicenter, for Hispaniola and for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. The attenuation relationship for Hispaniola earthquakes and northern Lesser Antilles earthquakes is similar to that for California earthquakes, indicating a relatively rapid attenuation of damage intensity with distance. Intensities in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands decrease less rapidly with distance. We use the intensity-magnitude relationships to systematically search for the location and intensity magnitude M-I which best fit all the reported damage for historical earthquakes. Many events occurred in the 20th-century along the plate-boundary segment from central Hispaniola to the NW tip of Puerto Rico, but earlier events from this segment were not identified. The remaining plate boundary to the east to Guadeloupe is probably not associated with M > 8 historical subduction-zone earthquakes. The May 2, 1787 earthquake, previously assigned an M 8-8.25, is probably only M-I 6.9 and could be located north, west or SW of Puerto Rico. An M-I 6.9 earthquake on July 11, 1785 was probably located north or east of the Virgin Islands. We located M-I < 8 historical earthquakes on April 5, 1690, February 8, 1843, and October 8, 1974 in the northern Lesser Antilles within the arc. We speculate that the December 2, 1562 (M-I 7.7) and May 7, 1842 (M-I 7.6) earthquakes ruptured the Septentrional Fault in northern Hispaniola. If so, the recurrence interval on the central Septentrional Fault is similar to 300 years, and only 170 years has elapsed since the last event. The recurrence interval of large earthquakes along the Hispaniola subduction segment is likely longer than the historical record. Intra-arc M >= 7.0 earthquakes may occur every 75-100 years in the 410-km-long segment between the Virgin Islands and Guadeloupe.
C1 [ten Brink, Uri S.; Flores, Claudia H.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Bakun, William H.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP ten Brink, US (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM utenbrink@usgs.gov
RI ten Brink, Uri/A-1258-2008
OI ten Brink, Uri/0000-0001-6858-3001
FU Haiti earthquake
FX Bill Ellsworth and Ross Stein encouraged this collaborative effort
following the 2010 Haiti earthquake and provided valuable comments and
support throughout. We thank Colleen Hurter from MBL/WHOI Library for
her help in finding historical references, Brian Atwater and Kathleen
Deagan for helpful discussion, and Yong Wei for generously allowing us
to publish his tsunami model. Daniel Brothers and Bill Dillon provided
helpful critical comments on the manuscript. The thoughtful reviews by
Jim Hengesh, Gordon Seitz, and Franco Pettenati are gratefully
acknowledged.
NR 82
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD DEC 29
PY 2011
VL 116
AR B12318
DI 10.1029/2011JB008497
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 872DB
UT WOS:000298787000002
ER
PT J
AU Dubey, JP
Thomas, NJ
AF Dubey, J. P.
Thomas, N. J.
TI Sarcocystis neurona retinochoroiditis in a sea otter (Enhydra lutris
kenyoni)
SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Sarcocystis neurona; Sea otter; Enhydra lutris kenyoni;
Retinochoroiditis; Schizonts
ID EQUINE PROTOZOAL MYELOENCEPHALITIS; OPOSSUMS DIDELPHIS-VIRGINIANA;
EXPERIMENTAL INDUCTION; INTERMEDIATE HOST; NEUROLOGIC-DISEASE;
PROCYON-LOTOR; INFECTION; NEREIS; TRANSMISSION; SPOROCYSTS
AB Sarcocystis neurona is an important cause of fatal disease in sea otters in the USA. Encephalitis is the predominant lesion and parasites are confined to the central nervous system and muscles. Here we report retinochoroiditis in a sea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) found dead on Copalis Beach, WA, USA. Salient lesions were confined to the brain and eye. Multifocal nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis was present in the cerebrum and cerebellum associated with S. neurona schizonts. The retina of one eye had a focus of inflammation that contained numerous S. neurona schizonts and merozoites. The focus extended from the retinal pigment epithelium inward through all layers of the retina, but inflammation was most concentrated at the inner surface of the tapetum and the outer retina. The inner and outer nuclear layers of the retina were disorganized and irregular at the site of inflammation. There was severe congestion and mild hemorrhage in the choroid, and mild hemorrhage into the vitreous body. Immunohistochemistry with S. neurona-specific polyclonal rabbit antibodies stained schizonts and merozoites. To our knowledge this is the first report of S. neurona-associated retinochoroiditis in any naturally infected animal. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Thomas, N. J.] US Geol Survey, Dept Interior, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4017
J9 VET PARASITOL
JI Vet. Parasitol.
PD DEC 29
PY 2011
VL 183
IS 1-2
BP 156
EP 159
DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.06.022
PG 4
WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 867JJ
UT WOS:000298450400025
PM 21782345
ER
PT J
AU Seccia, D
Chiarabba, C
De Gori, P
Bianchi, I
Hill, DP
AF Seccia, D.
Chiarabba, C.
De Gori, P.
Bianchi, I.
Hill, D. P.
TI Evidence for the contemporary magmatic system beneath Long Valley
Caldera from local earthquake tomography and receiver function analysis
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; WAVE VELOCITY STRUCTURE; MAMMOTH
MOUNTAIN; P-WAVE; TELESEISMIC TOMOGRAPHY; NEIGHBORHOOD ALGORITHM;
GEOPHYSICAL INVERSION; KILAUEA VOLCANO; TRAVEL-TIMES; MT-VESUVIUS
AB We present a new P wave and S wave velocity model for the upper crust beneath Long Valley Caldera obtained using local earthquake tomography and receiver function analysis. We computed the tomographic model using both a graded inversion scheme and a traditional approach. We complement the tomographic V-p model with a teleseismic receiver function model based on data from broadband seismic stations (MLAC and MKV) located on the SE and SW margins of the resurgent dome inside the caldera. The inversions resolve (1) a shallow, high-velocity P wave anomaly associated with the structural uplift of a resurgent dome; (2) an elongated, WNW striking low-velocity anomaly (8%-10 % reduction in Vp) at a depth of 6 km (4 km below mean sea level) beneath the southern section of the resurgent dome; and (3) a broad, low-velocity volume (similar to 5% reduction in V-p and as much as 40% reduction in V-s) in the depth interval 8-14 km (6-12 km below mean sea level) beneath the central section of the caldera. The two low-velocity volumes partially overlap the geodetically inferred inflation sources that drove uplift of the resurgent dome associated with caldera unrest between 1980 and 2000, and they likely reflect the ascent path for magma or magmatic fluids into the upper crust beneath the caldera.
C1 [Seccia, D.; Chiarabba, C.; De Gori, P.; Bianchi, I.] CNT, INGV, I-00143 Rome, Italy.
[Hill, D. P.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Seccia, D.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, Bologna, Italy.
[Bianchi, I.] Univ Vienna, Inst Meteorol & Geophys, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
RP Seccia, D (reprint author), CNT, INGV, Via Vigna Murata 605, I-00143 Rome, Italy.
EM danilo.seccia@ingv.it
RI chiarabba, claudio/G-4780-2011; Bianchi, Irene /N-5596-2015
OI chiarabba, claudio/0000-0002-8111-3466; Bianchi, Irene
/0000-0001-8630-5531
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0552316]
FX We are grateful to Phil Dawson and Bruce Julian for their constructive
reviews of an early draft of this paper. Nicola Piana Agostinetti
provided receiver function analysis codes. We thank the Associate Editor
and two anonymous reviewers for providing very useful suggestions to
improve the manuscript. Materials provided by the IRIS Education and
Outreach Program have been used in this study. The facilities of the
IRIS Data Management System, and specifically the IRIS Data Management
Center, were used for access to waveform and metadata required in this
study. The IRIS DMS is funded through the National Science Foundation
and specifically the GEO Directorate through the Instrumentation and
Facilities Program of the National Science Foundation under Cooperative
Agreement EAR-0552316. GMT [Wessel and Smith, 1991] was used for
developing figures.
NR 66
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD DEC 23
PY 2011
VL 116
AR B12314
DI 10.1029/2011JB008471
PG 22
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 868AO
UT WOS:000298496100001
ER
PT J
AU Cury, PM
Boyd, IL
Bonhommeau, S
Anker-Nilssen, T
Crawford, RJM
Furness, RW
Mills, JA
Murphy, EJ
Osterblom, H
Paleczny, M
Piatt, JF
Roux, JP
Shannon, L
Sydeman, WJ
AF Cury, Philippe M.
Boyd, Ian L.
Bonhommeau, Sylvain
Anker-Nilssen, Tycho
Crawford, Robert J. M.
Furness, Robert W.
Mills, James A.
Murphy, Eugene J.
Oesterblom, Henrik
Paleczny, Michelle
Piatt, John F.
Roux, Jean-Paul
Shannon, Lynne
Sydeman, William J.
TI Global Seabird Response to Forage Fish Depletion-One-Third for the Birds
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID FOOD AVAILABILITY; CLIMATE; ECOSYSTEMS; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY;
ENVIRONMENT; POPULATION; INDICATORS; MANAGEMENT; PREDATORS
AB Determining the form of key predator-prey relationships is critical for understanding marine ecosystem dynamics. Using a comprehensive global database, we quantified the effect of fluctuations in food abundance on seabird breeding success. We identified a threshold in prey (fish and krill, termed "forage fish") abundance below which seabirds experience consistently reduced and more variable productivity. This response was common to all seven ecosystems and 14 bird species examined within the Atlantic, Pacific, and Southern Oceans. The threshold approximated one-third of the maximum prey biomass observed in long-term studies. This provides an indicator of the minimal forage fish biomass needed to sustain seabird productivity over the long term.
C1 [Cury, Philippe M.] Ctr Rech Halieut Mediterraneenne & Trop, Inst Rech Dev, UMR EME 212, F-34203 Sete, France.
[Boyd, Ian L.] Univ St Andrews, Scottish Oceans Inst, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland.
[Bonhommeau, Sylvain] IFREMER, Ctr Rech Halieut Mediterraneenne & Trop, UMR EME 212, F-34203 Sete, France.
[Anker-Nilssen, Tycho] Norwegian Inst Nat Res, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway.
[Crawford, Robert J. M.] Dept Environm Affairs, Branch Oceans & Coasts, ZA-8012 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Crawford, Robert J. M.] Univ Glasgow, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Murphy, Eugene J.] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Oesterblom, Henrik] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, Balt Nest Inst, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Paleczny, Michelle] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, AERL, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Piatt, John F.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Roux, Jean-Paul] Luderitz Marine Res, Minist Fisheries & Marine Resources, Ecosyst Anal Sect, Luderitz, Namibia.
[Roux, Jean-Paul] Univ Cape Town, Dept Zool, Anim Demog Unit, ZA-7701 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Shannon, Lynne] Univ Cape Town, Marine Res Inst, ZA-7701 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Shannon, Lynne] Univ Cape Town, Dept Zool, ZA-7701 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Sydeman, William J.] Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
RP Cury, PM (reprint author), Ctr Rech Halieut Mediterraneenne & Trop, Inst Rech Dev, UMR EME 212, Ave Jean Monnet,BP 171, F-34203 Sete, France.
EM philippe.cury@ird.fr; ilb@st-andrews.ac.uk
RI Osterblom, Henrik/D-4249-2012; Bonhommeau, Sylvain/P-8654-2014; Shannon,
Lynne/A-1612-2015;
OI Bonhommeau, Sylvain/0000-0002-0882-5918; Shannon,
Lynne/0000-0001-7842-0636; Osterblom, Henrik/0000-0002-1913-5197
FU Eur-Oceans Consortium; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement
(IRD); Lenfest Forage Fish Task Force; Mistra; Sea Around Us Project;
South African Research Chair Initiative
FX This work was partly funded by Eur-Oceans Consortium, the Institut de
Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD), the Lenfest Forage Fish Task
Force, Mistra, the Sea Around Us Project, and the South African Research
Chair Initiative. Disclaimers and acknowledgment of institutes and
collaborators are provided in the SOM. Data, methods, and codes are
available in the SOM.
NR 29
TC 198
Z9 201
U1 17
U2 181
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 23
PY 2011
VL 334
IS 6063
BP 1703
EP 1706
DI 10.1126/science.1212928
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 865XK
UT WOS:000298344000067
PM 22194577
ER
PT J
AU Adams, DT
Nielsen, RL
Kent, AJR
Tepley, FJ
AF Adams, David T.
Nielsen, Roger L.
Kent, Adam J. R.
Tepley, Frank J., III
TI Origin of minor and trace element compositional diversity in anorthitic
feldspar phenocrysts and melt inclusions from the Juan de Fuca Ridge
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE crustal processes; magma transport; plagioclase
ID MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE; EAST PACIFIC RISE; LASER-ABLATION ICPMS; MORB PARENT
MAGMAS; PLAGIOCLASE FELDSPAR; ENDEAVOR SEGMENT; NORTHEAST PACIFIC;
VOLCANIC-ROCKS; OLIVINE; MANTLE
AB Melt inclusions trapped in phenocryst phases are important primarily due to their potential of preserving a significant proportion of the diversity of magma composition prior to modification of the parent magma array during transport through the crust. The goal of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of formational and post-entrapment processes on the composition of melt inclusions hosted in high anorthite plagioclase in MORB. Our observations from three plagioclase ultra-phyric lavas from the Endeavor Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge document a narrow range of major elements and a dramatically greater range of minor and trace elements within most host plagioclase crystals. Observed host/inclusion partition coefficients for Ti are consistent with experimental determinations. In addition, observed values of D-Ti are independent of inclusion size and inclusion TiO2 content of the melt inclusion. These observations preclude significant effects from the re-homogenization process, entrapment of incompatible element boundary layers or dissolution/precipitation. The observed wide range of TiO2 contents in the host feldspar, and between bands of melt inclusions within individual crystals rule out modification of TiO2 contents by diffusion, either pre-eruption or due to re-homogenization. However, we do observe comparatively small ranges for values of K2O and Sr compared to P2O5 and TiO2 in both inclusions and crystals that can be attributed to diffusive processes that occurred prior to eruption.
C1 [Adams, David T.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Tepley, Frank J., III] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Nielsen, Roger L.; Kent, Adam J. R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
RP Adams, DT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM dadams@usgs.gov; nielsenr@geo.oregonstate.edu;
kentad@geo.oregonstate.edu; ftepley@coas.oregonstate.edu
FU NSF [OCE0927773]
FX We wish to acknowledge the generosity of all our colleagues who freely
gave us samples of plagioclase phyric basalts over the years. This work
could not have been done without access to those samples, and the advice
of many on where to look in the dim and dark recesses of our sample
repositories. This work was supported by NSF grant OCE0927773.
NR 78
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 25
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD DEC 22
PY 2011
VL 12
AR Q12T11
DI 10.1029/2011GC003778
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 868AX
UT WOS:000298497000001
ER
PT J
AU Wang, AA
Freeman, JJ
Chou, IM
Jolliff, BL
AF Wang, Alian
Freeman, J. J.
Chou, I-Ming
Jolliff, B. L.
TI Stability of Mg-sulfates at-10 degrees C and the rates of
dehydration/rehydration processes under conditions relevant to Mars
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID 0.1 MPA; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; EPSOMITE;
FE-2(SO4)(3)(H2O)(5); EQUILIBRIA; REFINEMENT; MERIDIANI; KORNELITE;
MINERALS
AB We report the results of low temperature (-10 degrees C) experiments on the stability fields and phase transition pathways of five hydrous Mg-sulfates. A low temperature form of MgSO(4)center dot 7H(2)O (LT-7w) was found to have a wide stability field that extends to low relative humidity (similar to 13% RH at -10 degrees C). Using information on the timing of phase transitions, we extracted information on the reaction rates of five important dehydration and rehydration processes. We found that the temperature dependencies of rate constants for dehydration processes differ from those of rehydration, which reflect differences in reaction mechanisms. By extrapolating these rate constants versus T correlations into the T range relevant to Mars, we can evaluate the possibility of occurrence of specific processes and the presence of common Mg-sulfate species present on Mars in different periods and locations. We anticipate in a moderate obliquity period, starkeyite and LH-MgSO(4)center dot H(2)O should be two common Mg-sulfates at the surface, another polymorph MH-MgSO(4)center dot H(2)O can exist at the locations where hydrothermal processes may have occurred. In polar regions or within the subsurface of other regions, meridianiite (coexisting with water ice, near 100% RH) and LT-7w (over a large RH range) are the stable phases. During a high obliquity period, meridianiite and LT-7w should exhibit widespread occurrence. The correlations of reaction rates versus temperature found in this study imply that dehydration and rehydration of hydrous Mg-sulfates would always be slower than the sublimation and crystallization of water ice, which would be supported by mission observations from Odyssey and by Mars Exploration Rovers.
C1 [Wang, Alian; Freeman, J. J.; Jolliff, B. L.] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Wang, Alian; Freeman, J. J.; Jolliff, B. L.] Washington Univ, McDonnell Ctr Space Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Chou, I-Ming] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Wang, AA (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
EM alianw@levee.wustl.edu
FU NASA [NNG05GM95G, NNX07AQ34G, NNX10AM89G, 1295053]
FX This work was supported by NASA grants NNG05GM95G, NNX07AQ34G,
NNX10AM89G, and NASA contract 1295053. We are thankful for R. Peterson
in conducting the low temperature XRD pattern calculation of
MgSO4center dot 7D2O, for M. Mellon in
communicating his insight of Martian temperature variations, for M.
Wolff in providing the surface temperature data measured at the Spirit
site, and for Y. L. Lu in helping some the laboratory measurements.
Furthermore, we would express our appreciations to M. Zolotov and V.
Chevrier, for their critiques and suggestions that helped improve this
manuscript. The use of trade product, industry, or firm names in this
report is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute
endorsement by Washington University or the U.S. Government.
NR 65
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U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD DEC 21
PY 2011
VL 116
AR E12006
DI 10.1029/2011JE003818
PG 22
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 868CK
UT WOS:000298501100001
ER
PT J
AU Jensen, BJL
Preece, SJ
Lamothe, M
Pearce, NJG
Froese, DG
Westgate, JA
Schaefer, J
Beget, J
AF Jensen, Britta J. L.
Preece, Shari J.
Lamothe, Michel
Pearce, Nick J. G.
Froese, Duane G.
Westgate, John A.
Schaefer, Janet
Beget, Jim
TI The variegated (VT) tephra: A new regional marker for middle to late
marine isotope stage 5 across Yukon and Alaska
SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID EAST-CENTRAL ALASKA; WEST-CENTRAL YUKON; OLD CROW TEPHRA; DAWSON TEPHRA;
STRATIGRAPHIC MARKER; PLEISTOCENE LOESS; FELDSPAR IRSL; LATE PLIOCENE;
TERRITORY; CANADA
AB The Variegated (VT) tephra, likely sourced from the eastern Aleutian arc, has a geographic distribution that places it amongst the most widespread tephra beds in eastern Beringia. First identified in the Fairbanks area of interior Alaska, it has been identified at eight additional sites ranging from Togiak Bay in southwestern Alaska, to the Klondike area of west-central Yukon. Correlation of these occurrences is established through the equivalence of glass major and trace-element geochemistry, Fe-Ti oxide geochemistry, stratigraphy, and independent age data. In Yukon and Alaska, VT tephra has a minimum bulk tephra volume estimate of similar to 32 km(3). Previous age estimates for VT tephra have varied, ranging from a glass fission-track age of 125 +/- 30 ka to a weighted mean thermoluminescence (TL) age of 77.8 +/- 4.1 ka from bracketing ages on loess. A new infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) age of 106 +/- 10 ka, paleoenvironmental data, and several TL and IRSL ages from Togiak Bay suggest that the time of deposition is more likely between these previous age estimates: post-marine isotope stage (MIS) 5e but underlying a prominent soil likely associated with MIS 5c, placing it within late MIS 5d. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jensen, Britta J. L.; Froese, Duane G.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.
[Preece, Shari J.; Westgate, John A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Geol, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada.
[Lamothe, Michel] Univ Quebec, Dept Sci Terre & Atmosphere, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
[Pearce, Nick J. G.] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Geog & Earth Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, Dyfed, Wales.
[Schaefer, Janet] Alaska Div Geol & Geophys Surveys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Beget, Jim] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Geol & Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Jensen, BJL (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 1-26 Earth Sci Bldg, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.
EM bjjensen@ualberta.ca; preecesh@utoronto.ca; lamothe.michel@uqam.ca;
uk.njp@aber.ac.uk; duane.froese@ualberta.ca;
westgate@geology.utoronto.ca; janet.schaefer@alaska.gov;
jebeget@alaska.edu
RI Pearce, Nicholas/B-5295-2009;
OI Jensen, Britta/0000-0001-9134-7170; Pearce, Nicholas/0000-0003-3157-9564
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Northern
Scientific Training Program; Canadian Circum-polar Institute
FX This research was supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada (to DF and JAW), the Northern
Scientific Training Program, and the Canadian Circum-polar Institute. We
would like to thank D. Kaufman for his generosity in supplying extra
material for additional analyses on the Togiak Bay samples, and A.
Reyes, P. O'Callaghan, J. Chomyk, and C. Atkins for assistance in the
field. We thank reviewers David Pyle and Kristy Wallace for their
constructive comments, which have resulted in an improved manuscript.
NR 57
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U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1040-6182
J9 QUATERN INT
JI Quat. Int.
PD DEC 20
PY 2011
VL 246
BP 312
EP 323
DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2011.06.028
PG 12
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 864WG
UT WOS:000298270600029
ER
PT J
AU Farmer, JR
Cronin, TM
de Vernal, A
Dwyer, GS
Keigwin, LD
Thunell, RC
AF Farmer, Jesse R.
Cronin, Thomas M.
de Vernal, Anne
Dwyer, Gary S.
Keigwin, Lloyd D.
Thunell, Robert C.
TI Western Arctic Ocean temperature variability during the last 8000 years
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC WATER; SEA-ICE; NORTHERN BARENTS; CHUKCHI SEA; HOLOCENE;
HALOCLINE; HISTORY; CLIMATE; SURFACE; RECORD
AB We reconstructed subsurface (similar to 200-400 m) ocean temperature and sea-ice cover in the Canada Basin, western Arctic Ocean from foraminiferal delta O-18, ostracode Mg/Ca ratios, and dinocyst assemblages from two sediment core records covering the last 8000 years. Results show mean temperature varied from -1 to 0.5 degrees C and -0.5 to 1.5 degrees C at 203 and 369 m water depths, respectively. Centennial-scale warm periods in subsurface temperature records correspond to reductions in summer sea-ice cover inferred from dinocyst assemblages around 6.5 ka, 3.5 ka, 1.8 ka and during the 15th century Common Era. These changes may reflect centennial changes in the temperature and/or strength of inflowing Atlantic Layer water originating in the eastern Arctic Ocean. By comparison, the 0.5 to 0.7 degrees C warm temperature anomaly identified in oceanographic records from the Atlantic Layer of the Canada Basin exceeded reconstructed Atlantic Layer temperatures for the last 1200 years by about 0.5 degrees C. Citation: Farmer, J. R., T. M. Cronin, A. de Vernal, G. S. Dwyer, L. D. Keigwin, and R. C. Thunell (2011), Western Arctic Ocean temperature variability during the last 8000 years, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L24602, doi: 10.1029/2011GL049714.
C1 [Farmer, Jesse R.; Cronin, Thomas M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[de Vernal, Anne] GEOTOP UQAM McGill, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
[Dwyer, Gary S.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Div Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Keigwin, Lloyd D.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Thunell, Robert C.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Farmer, JR (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Earth Inst, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
EM jfarmer@ldeo.columbia.edu
RI de Vernal, Anne/D-5602-2013
OI de Vernal, Anne/0000-0001-5656-724X
FU USGS; NSF Office of Polar Programs; Fond quebecois de la recherche sur
la nature et les technologies (FQRNT); Ministere du Developpement
economique, innovation et exportation (MDEIE) of Quebec
FX We are thankful for the assistance of E. Roosen with core sampling, E.
Tappa for stable isotope analyses, L. Gemery, R. Poirier, and R. Glazer
with laboratory procedures, M. Henry and B. Frechette for dinocyst
analyses, consultations with L. Polyak and D. Darby, and insightful
comments from R. Spielhagen, M. Pavich, M. Robinson, and an anonymous
reviewer that greatly improved the manuscript. J.R.F., T. M. C., and R.
C. T. thank support by USGS Global Change Program, G. S. D. thanks
support from the USGS Global Change Program and the NSF Office of Polar
Programs, A.d.V. thanks support by Fond quebecois de la recherche sur la
nature et les technologies (FQRNT) and the Ministere du Developpement
economique, innovation et exportation (MDEIE) of Quebec.
NR 30
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U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD DEC 17
PY 2011
VL 38
AR L24602
DI 10.1029/2011GL049714
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 864TG
UT WOS:000298262400002
ER
PT J
AU Tesoriero, AJ
Puckett, LJ
AF Tesoriero, Anthony J.
Puckett, Larry J.
TI O-2 reduction and denitrification rates in shallow aquifers
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID LINCOLNSHIRE LIMESTONE AQUIFER; GLACIAL OUTWASH AQUIFER; ATLANTIC
COASTAL-PLAIN; FLOW PATHS; SULFATE REDUCTION; UNITED-STATES; SULFIDE
OXIDATION; REDOX PROCESSES; SURFACE-WATER; SAND AQUIFER
AB O-2 reduction and denitrification rates were determined in shallow aquifers of 12 study areas representing a wide range in sedimentary environments and climatic conditions. Zero- and first-order rates were determined by relating reactant or product concentrations to apparent groundwater age. O-2 reduction rates varied widely within and between sites, with zero-order rates ranging from <3 mu mol L-1 yr(-1) to more than 140 mu mol L-1 yr(-1) and first-order rates ranging from 0.02 to 0.27 yr(-1). Moderate denitrification rates (10-100 mu mol N L-1 yr(-1); 0.06-0.30 yr(-1)) were observed in most areas with O-2 concentrations below 60 mu mol L-1, while higher rates (> 100 mu mol N L-1 yr(-1); > 0.36 yr(-1)) occur when changes in lithology result in a sharp increase in the supply of electron donors. Denitrification lag times (i.e., groundwater travel times prior to the onset of denitrification) ranged from < 20 yr to > 80 yr. The availability of electron donors is indicated as the primary factor affecting O-2 reduction rates. Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and/or sulfate (an indicator of sulfide oxidation) were positively correlated with groundwater age at sites with high O-2 reduction rates and negatively correlated at sites with lower rates. Furthermore, electron donors from recharging DOC are not sufficient to account for appreciable O-2 and nitrate reduction. These relations suggest that lithologic sources of DOC and sulfides are important sources of electrons at these sites but surface-derived sources of DOC are not. A review of published rates suggests that denitrification tends to occur more quickly when linked with sulfide oxidation than with carbon oxidation.
C1 [Tesoriero, Anthony J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Assessment Program, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Puckett, Larry J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Assessment Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Tesoriero, AJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Assessment Program, 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM tesorier@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National
Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA). L.N. Plummer, E. Busenberg,
and their colleagues at the USGS CFC laboratory are gratefully
acknowledged for the interpretation and analysis of samples for CFCs,
SF6, and other dissolved gases. The authors thank the many
USGS scientists that conducted research on these sites and laid the
foundation upon which this work could build, including: J.K. Bohlke,
Stephen Hinkle, Peter McMahon, Steven Phillips, David Saad, Gary
Speiran, and Mary Ann Thomas. Private landowners are gratefully
acknowledged for permitting us to access their land to install and
sample monitoring wells. We thank Peter McMahon and Christopher Green
(both of USGS) for many helpful suggestions. Three anonymous reviewers
and the associate editor of this journal are gratefully acknowledged for
their insightful comments on a previous version of this manuscript.
NR 89
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U2 31
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD DEC 17
PY 2011
VL 47
AR W12522
DI 10.1029/2011WR010471
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 864RB
UT WOS:000298256400001
ER
PT J
AU Page, MT
Alderson, D
Doyle, J
AF Page, Morgan T.
Alderson, David
Doyle, John
TI The magnitude distribution of earthquakes near Southern California
faults
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID GUTENBERG-RICHTER; SOURCE MODEL; SHORT-TERM; PREDICTION; PARKFIELD
AB We investigate seismicity near faults in the Southern California Earthquake Center Community Fault Model. We search for anomalously large events that might be signs of a characteristic earthquake distribution. We find that seismicity near major fault zones in Southern California is well modeled by a Gutenberg-Richter distribution, with no evidence of characteristic earthquakes within the resolution limits of the modern instrumental catalog. However, the b value of the locally observed magnitude distribution is found to depend on distance to the nearest mapped fault segment, which suggests that earthquakes nucleating near major faults are likely to have larger magnitudes relative to earthquakes nucleating far from major faults.
C1 [Page, Morgan T.] US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
[Alderson, David] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Doyle, John] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Page, MT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 525 S Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
EM pagem@caltech.edu; dlalders@nps.edu; doyle@cds.caltech.edu
NR 30
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U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD DEC 16
PY 2011
VL 116
AR B12309
DI 10.1029/2010JB007933
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 864SZ
UT WOS:000298261700001
ER
PT J
AU Holtgrieve, GW
Schindler, DE
Hobbs, WO
Leavitt, PR
Ward, EJ
Bunting, L
Chen, GJ
Finney, BP
Gregory-Eaves, I
Holmgren, S
Lisac, MJ
Lisi, PJ
Nydick, K
Rogers, LA
Saros, JE
Selbie, DT
Shapley, MD
Walsh, PB
Wolfe, AP
AF Holtgrieve, Gordon W.
Schindler, Daniel E.
Hobbs, William O.
Leavitt, Peter R.
Ward, Eric J.
Bunting, Lynda
Chen, Guangjie
Finney, Bruce P.
Gregory-Eaves, Irene
Holmgren, Sofia
Lisac, Mark J.
Lisi, Peter J.
Nydick, Koren
Rogers, Lauren A.
Saros, Jasmine E.
Selbie, Daniel T.
Shapley, Mark D.
Walsh, Patrick B.
Wolfe, Alexander P.
TI A Coherent Signature of Anthropogenic Nitrogen Deposition to Remote
Watersheds of the Northern Hemisphere
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MOUNTAIN NATIONAL-PARK; LAKES; ISOTOPES; CLIMATE; SHIFTS; ENRICHMENT;
COLORADO; NITRATE; DRIVEN; CYCLE
AB Humans have more than doubled the amount of reactive nitrogen (Nr) added to the biosphere, yet most of what is known about its accumulation and ecological effects is derived from studies of heavily populated regions. Nitrogen (N) stable isotope ratios (N-15:N-14) in dated sediments from 25 remote Northern Hemisphere lakes show a coherent signal of an isotopically distinct source of N to ecosystems beginning in 1895 +/- 10 years (+/- 1 standard deviation). Initial shifts in N isotope composition recorded in lake sediments coincide with anthropogenic CO2 emissions but accelerate with widespread industrial Nr production during the past half century. Although current atmospheric Nr deposition rates in remote regions are relatively low, anthropogenic N has probably influenced watershed N budgets across the Northern Hemisphere for over a century.
C1 [Holtgrieve, Gordon W.; Schindler, Daniel E.; Lisi, Peter J.; Rogers, Lauren A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Hobbs, William O.] Sci Museum Minnesota, St Croix Watershed Res Stn, Marine St Croix, MN USA.
[Leavitt, Peter R.; Bunting, Lynda] Univ Regina, Dept Biol, Limnol Lab, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
[Ward, Eric J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Chen, Guangjie; Gregory-Eaves, Irene] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada.
[Chen, Guangjie] Yunnan Normal Univ, Sch Tourism & Geog, Key Lab Plateau Lake Ecol & Global Change, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[Finney, Bruce P.; Shapley, Mark D.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Finney, Bruce P.; Shapley, Mark D.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Holmgren, Sofia] Lund Univ, Div Geol, Dept Earth & Ecosyst Sci, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Lisac, Mark J.; Walsh, Patrick B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dillingham, AK USA.
[Nydick, Koren] Mt Studies Inst, Silverton, CO USA.
[Saros, Jasmine E.] Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME USA.
[Selbie, Daniel T.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sci Branch, Cultus Lake Salmon Res Lab, Pacific Reg, Cultus Lake, BC, Canada.
[Wolfe, Alexander P.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
RP Holtgrieve, GW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM gholt@uw.edu
RI Leavitt, Peter/A-1048-2013; Bunting, Lynda/K-2039-2013; Holtgrieve,
Gordon/C-5371-2009;
OI Leavitt, Peter/0000-0001-9805-9307; Holtgrieve,
Gordon/0000-0002-4451-3567; Hobbs, William/0000-0001-7321-0779
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
Togiak National Wildlife Refuge; Alberta Water Research Institute;
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; NSF; Canada
Foundation for Innovation
FX The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Togiak National Wildlife Refuge, the Alberta Water Research
Institute, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada, and NSF provided funding for this work. The Canada Foundation
for Innovation provided funding to P. R. L. for the University of Regina
stable isotope lab. Original data used in this study are available as an
R workspace along with example R code in the SOM.
NR 24
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U1 10
U2 153
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 16
PY 2011
VL 334
IS 6062
BP 1545
EP 1548
DI 10.1126/science.1212267
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 862LE
UT WOS:000298091400050
PM 22174250
ER
PT J
AU Nevers, MB
Whitman, RL
AF Nevers, Meredith B.
Whitman, Richard L.
TI Beach Monitoring Criteria: Reading the Fine Print
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI CONCENTRATIONS; SOUTHERN LAKE-MICHIGAN; WATER-QUALITY;
HUNTINGTON-BEACH; VARIABILITY; CALIFORNIA
AB Beach monitoring programs aim to decrease swimming-related illnesses resulting from exposure to harmful microbes in recreational waters, while providing maximum beach access. Managers are advised by the U.S. EPA to estimate microbiological water quality based on a 5-day geometric mean of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) concentrations or on a jurisdiction-specific single-sample maximum; however, most opt instead to apply a default single-sample maximum to ease application. We examined whether re-evaluation of the U.S. EPA ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) and the epidemiological studies on which they are based could increase public beach access without affecting presumed health risk. Single-sample maxima were calculated using historic monitoring data for 50 beaches along coastal Lake Michigan on various temporal and spatial groupings to assess flexibility in the application of the AWQC. No calculation on either scale was as low as the default maximum (235 CFU/100 mL) that managers typically use, indicating that current applications maybe more conservative than the outlined AWQC. It was notable that beaches subject to point source FIB contamination had lower variation, highlighting the bias in the standards for these beaches. Until new water quality standards are promulgated, more site-specific application of the AWQC may benefit beach managers by allowing swimmers greater access to beaches. This issue will be an important consideration in addressing the forthcoming beach monitoring standards.
C1 [Nevers, Meredith B.; Whitman, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
RP Nevers, MB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, 1100 N Mineral Springs Rd, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
EM mnevers@usgs.gov
OI Nevers, Meredith/0000-0001-6963-6734
FU USGS Ocean Research Priorities Plan; Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
through USGS
FX This research was funded by the USGS Ocean Research Priorities Plan and
the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative through USGS. Engaging
discussions with Shannon Briggs (Michigan Department of Environmental
Quality) and reviews by Samir Elmir (Florida Department of Health), Jean
Adams (USGS), and anonymous reviewers helped us to improve this
manuscript. Photo of North Avenue Beach, Chicago, Illinois; credit:
Antonio Vernon. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. This article is Contribution 1670 of the USGS Great Lakes
Science Center.
NR 19
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U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 24
BP 10315
EP 10321
DI 10.1021/es202568f
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 862TZ
UT WOS:000298118300010
PM 22059560
ER
PT J
AU Das, T
Pierce, DW
Cayan, DR
Vano, JA
Lettenmaier, DP
AF Das, Tapash
Pierce, David W.
Cayan, Daniel R.
Vano, Julie A.
Lettenmaier, Dennis P.
TI The importance of warm season warming to western US streamflow changes
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTH-AMERICA; WATER AVAILABILITY;
COLORADO RIVER; SIERRA-NEVADA; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; MODEL;
CALIFORNIA
AB Warm season climate warming will be a key driver of annual streamflow changes in four major river basins of the western U.S., as shown by hydrological model simulations using fixed precipitation and idealized seasonal temperature changes based on climate projections with SRES A2 forcing. Warm season (April-September) warming reduces streamflow throughout the year; streamflow declines both immediately and in the subsequent cool season. Cool season (October-March) warming, by contrast, increases streamflow immediately, partially compensating for streamflow reductions during the subsequent warm season. A uniform warm season warming of 3 C drives a wide range of annual flow declines across the basins: 13.3%, 7.2%, 1.8%, and 3.6% in the Colorado, Columbia, Northern and Southern Sierra basins, respectively. The same warming applied during the cool season gives annual declines of only 3.5%, 1.7%, 2.1%, and 3.1%, respectively. Citation: Das, T., D. W. Pierce, D. R. Cayan, J. A. Vano, and D. P. Lettenmaier (2011), The importance of warm season warming to western U. S. streamflow changes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L23403, doi: 10.1029/2011GL049660.
C1 [Das, Tapash; Pierce, David W.; Cayan, Daniel R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Climate Atmospher Sci & Phys Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Vano, Julie A.; Lettenmaier, Dennis P.] Univ Washington, Dept Civil Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Das, T (reprint author), CH2MHILL, 402 W Broadway,Ste 1450, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
EM dcayan@ucsd.edu
RI lettenmaier, dennis/F-8780-2011
OI lettenmaier, dennis/0000-0003-3317-1327
FU California Energy Commission through California Climate Change Center;
NOAA; Climate Impacts Group at the University of Washington; DOE [DOE
DE-SC0002000]; Office of Science, US Department of Energy (DOE)
FX We thank several anonymous reviewers whose comments improved this
manuscript, and suggestions from Michael D. Dettinger of SIO/USGS. The
Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and the
World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Working Group on Coupled Modeling
for the WCRP Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3) were
the source of the climate model output. Support of this dataset is
provided by the Office of Science, US Department of Energy (DOE).
Bias-corrected and spatially downscaled climate projections are derived
from CMIP3 data are served at:
http://gdo-dcp.ucllnl.org/downscaled_cmip3_projections/. Funding was
provided by the California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy
Research Program through the California Climate Change Center, and by
NOAA's Regional Integrated Scientific Assessment (RISA) program to the
California Applications Program at the Scripps Institution of
Oceanography and to the Climate Impacts Group at the University of
Washington. DWP and DRC were also supported in part by DOE grant DOE
DE-SC0002000.
NR 31
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U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 38
AR L23403
DI 10.1029/2011GL049660
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 864TA
UT WOS:000298261800003
ER
PT J
AU Huang, SL
Dahal, D
Young, C
Chander, G
Liu, SG
AF Huang, Shengli
Dahal, Devendra
Young, Claudia
Chander, Gyanesh
Liu, Shuguang
TI Integration of Palmer Drought Severity Index and remote sensing data to
simulate wetland water surface from 1910 to 2009 in Cottonwood Lake
area, North Dakota
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Aerial photographs; Landsat; Palmer Drought Severity Index; Prairie
Pothole Region; Remote sensing; Surface water; Wetland
ID PRAIRIE POTHOLE REGION; CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE; LANDSAT;
FLUCTUATIONS; HYDROLOGY; AMERICA; VARIABILITY; CALIBRATION; PLAINS
AB Spatiotemporal variations of wetland water in the Prairie Pothole Region are controlled by many factors: two of them are temperature and precipitation that form the basis of the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). Taking the 196 km(2) Cottonwood Lake area in North Dakota as our pilot study site, we integrated PDSI. Landsat images, and aerial photography records to simulate monthly water surface. First, we developed a new Wetland Water Area Index (WWAI) from PDSI to predict water surface area. Second, we developed a water allocation model to simulate the spatial distribution of water bodies at a resolution of 30 m. Third, we used an additional procedure to model the small wetlands (less than 0.8 ha) that could not be detected by Landsat. Our results showed that i) WWAI was highly correlated with water area with an R(2) of 0.90, resulting in a simple regression prediction of monthly water area to capture the intra- and inter-annual water change from 1910 to 2009; ii) the spatial distribution of water bodies modeled from our approach agreed well with the water locations visually identified from the aerial photography records: and iii) the R(2) between our modeled water bodies (including both large and small wetlands) and those from aerial photography records could be up to 0.83 with a mean average error of 0.64 km(2) within the study area where the modeled wetland water areas ranged from about 2 to 14 km(2). These results indicate that our approach holds great potential to simulate major changes in wetland water surface for ecosystem service; however, our products could capture neither the short-term water change caused by intensive rainstorm events nor the wetland change caused by human activities. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Liu, Shuguang] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Huang, Shengli] ASRC Res & Technol Solut, USGS EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Dahal, Devendra; Chander, Gyanesh] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol SGT Inc, USGS EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Young, Claudia] Earth Resources Technol ERT Inc, USGS EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Liu, SG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM sliu@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Geological Survey; USGS
[G08PC91508, G10PC00044]
FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Agriculture's Conservation
Effects Assessment Program (CEAP)-Wetlands, the U.S. Geological Survey's
Geographic Analysis and Monitoring (GAM) and the Global Change Research
Programs. The authors greatly thank Jennifer Rover for providing Landsat
data, Craig Walters and Thomas Adamson for revising the English, and
Drs. Xuexia Chen and Yinxing Gu for comments on the early version of
this manuscript. We thank three anonymous reviewers for providing their
invaluable, thoughtful, and constructive comments and suggestions for
the manuscript's improvement Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.; Work performed under USGS contract G08PC91508.; Work
performed under USGS contract G10PC00044.
NR 62
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 12
BP 3377
EP 3389
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.08.002
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 865LB
UT WOS:000298311300035
ER
PT J
AU Morton, RA
Gelfenbaum, G
Buckley, ML
Richmond, BM
AF Morton, Robert A.
Gelfenbaum, Guy
Buckley, Mark L.
Richmond, Bruce M.
TI Geological effects and implications of the 2010 tsunami along the
central coast of Chile
SO SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Multiple flow directions; Coastal hazards; Sediment transport; Boulders;
Sedimentary deposit; Erosion
ID INDIAN-OCEAN-TSUNAMI; SRI-LANKA; LOCAL TSUNAMIS; SEPTEMBER 2009; FIELD
SURVEY; EARTHQUAKE; DEPOSITS; SUMATRA; ISLANDS; HAWAII
AB Geological effects of the 2010 Chilean tsunami were quantified at five near-field sites along a 200 km segment of coast located between the two zones of predominant fault slip. Field measurements, including topography, flow depths, flow directions, scour depths, and deposit thicknesses, provide insights into the processes and morphological changes associated with tsunami inundation and return flow. The superposition of downed trees recorded multiple strong onshore and alongshore flows that arrived at different times and from different directions. The most likely explanation for the diverse directions and timing of coastal inundation combines (1) variable fault rupture and asymmetrical slip displacement of the seafloor away from the epicenter with (2) resonant amplification of coastal edge waves. Other possible contributing factors include local interaction of incoming flow and return flow and delayed wave reflection by the southern coast of Peni. Coastal embayments amplified the maximum inundation distances at two sites (2.4 and 2.6 km, respectively). Tsunami vertical erosion included scour and planation of the land surface, inundation scour around the bases of trees, and channel incision from return flow. Sheets and wedges of sand and gravel were deposited at all of the sites. Locally derived boulders up to 1 m in diameter were transported as much as 400 m inland and deposited as fields of dispersed clasts. The presence of lobate bedforms at one site indicates that at least some of the late-stage sediment transport was as bed load and not as suspended load. Most of the tsunami deposits were less than 25 cm thick. Exceptions were thick deposits near open-ocean river mouths where sediment supply was abundant. Human alterations of the land surface at most of the sites provided opportunities to examine some tsunami effects that otherwise would not have been possible, including flow histories, boulder dispersion, and vegetation controls on deposit thickness. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Gelfenbaum, Guy] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Morton, Robert A.] US Geol Survey, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
[Buckley, Mark L.; Richmond, Bruce M.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Gelfenbaum, G (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM ggelfenbaum@usgs.gov
NR 62
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0037-0738
J9 SEDIMENT GEOL
JI Sediment. Geol.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 242
IS 1-4
BP 34
EP 51
DI 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2011.09.004
PG 18
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 867OZ
UT WOS:000298465000003
ER
PT J
AU Cosca, M
Stunitz, H
Bourgeix, AL
Lee, JP
AF Cosca, Michael
Stunitz, Holger
Bourgeix, Anne-Lise
Lee, John P.
TI Ar-40* loss in experimentally deformed muscovite and biotite with
implications for Ar-40/Ar-39 geochronology of naturally deformed rocks
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID ARGON DIFFUSION; EXPERIMENTAL DEFORMATION; AGE-SPECTRA; WHITE MICA;
GRAIN-SIZE; HISTORY; ZONE; CONSTRAINTS; TEMPERATURE; PHLOGOPITE
AB The effects of deformation on radiogenic argon (Ar-40*) retentivity in mica are described from high pressure experiments performed on rock samples of peraluminous granite containing euhedral muscovite and biotite. Cylindrical cores, similar to 15 mm in length and 6.25 mm in diameter, were drilled from granite collected from the South Armorican Massif in northwestern France, loaded into gold capsules, and weld-sealed in the presence of excess water. The samples were deformed at a pressure of 10 kb and a temperature of 600 degrees C over a period 29 of hours within a solid medium assembly in a Griggs-type triaxial hydraulic deformation apparatus. Overall shortening in the experiments was approximately 10%. Transmitted light and secondary and backscattered electron imaging of the deformed granite samples reveals evidence of induced defects and for significant physical grain size reduction by kinking, cracking, and grain segmentation of the micas.
Infrared (IR) laser (CO2) heating of individual 1.5-2.5 mm diameter grains of muscovite and biotite separated from the undeformed granite yield well-defined Ar-40/Ar-39 plateau ages of 311 +/- 2 Ma (2 sigma). Identical experiments on single grains separated from the experimentally deformed granite yield results indicating Ar-40* loss of 0-35% in muscovite and 2-3% Ar-40* loss in biotite. Intragrain in situ ultraviolet (UV) laser ablation Ar-40/Ar-39 ages (+/- 4-10%, 1 sigma) of deformed muscovites range from 309 +/- 13 to 264 +/- 7 Ma, consistent with 0-16% Ar-40* loss relative to the undeformed muscovite. The in situ UV laser ablation Ar-40/Ar-39 ages of deformed biotite vary from 301 to 217 Ma, consistent with up to 32% Ar-40* loss. No spatial correlation is observed between in situ Ar-40/Ar-39 age and position within individual grains. Using available argon diffusion data for muscovite the observed Ar-40* loss in the experimentally treated muscovite can be utilized to predict average Ar-40* diffusion dimensions. Maximum Ar-40/Ar-39 ages obtained by UV laser ablation overlap those of the undeformed muscovite, indicating argon loss of < 1% and an average effective grain radius for Ar-40* diffusion >= 700 mu m. The UV laser ablation and IR laser incremental Ar-40/Ar-39 ages indicating Ar-40* loss of 16% and 35%, respectively, are consistent with an average diffusion radius << 100 mu m. These results support a hypothesis of grain-scale Ar-40* diffusion distances in undeformed mica and a heterogeneous mechanical reduction in the intragrain effective diffusion length scale for Ar-40* in deformed mica. Reduction in the effective diffusion length scale in naturally deformed samples occurs most probably through production of mesoscopic and submicroscopic defects such as, e.g., stacking faults. A network of interconnected defects, continuously forming and annealing during dynamic deformation likely plays an important role in controlling both Ar-40* retention and intragrain distribution in deformed mica. Intragrain Ar-40/Ar-39 ages, when combined with estimates of diffusion kinetics and distances, may provide a means of establishing thermochronological histories from individual micas. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Cosca, Michael; Lee, John P.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Stunitz, Holger] Univ Tromso, Dept Geol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway.
[Bourgeix, Anne-Lise] Norbert SA, CH-1920 Martigny, Switzerland.
RP Cosca, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 963, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM mcosca@usgs.gov
NR 42
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Z9 25
U1 3
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 75
IS 24
BP 7759
EP 7778
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2011.10.012
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 851IK
UT WOS:000297261500003
ER
PT J
AU Haught, DRW
Meerveld, HJ
AF Haught, D. R. W.
Meerveld, H. J.
TI Spatial variation in transient water table responses: differences
between an upper and lower hillslope zone
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE hillslope hydrology; subsurface flow; preferential flow; runoff
generation; transient groundwater
ID LATERAL PREFERENTIAL FLOW; GROUNDWATER DYNAMICS; TOPOGRAPHIC CONTROLS;
FORESTED HILLSLOPES; SUBSURFACE FLOW; STORM FLOW; PIPE-FLOW; GENERATION;
RUNOFF; CATCHMENT
AB To better understand storage-runoff dynamics, transient groundwater responses were examined in one of the steep watersheds in British Columbia's coastal mountains. Streamflow and piezometric data were collected for 1?year to determine the spatial and temporal relations between transient groundwater levels and discharge. Correlations between piezometer responses and lag-time analysis were used to identify and better understand runoff generation mechanisms in this watershed. Results showed a large spatial and temporal variation in transient water table dynamics and indicated that two distinct zones existed: a lower hillslope zone and an upslope zone. Each zone was characterized by very different water table responses. The upper hillslope was disconnected from the stream for the majority of time, suggesting that during most events, it does not directly contribute to streamflow. Piezometers in the lower hillslope zone showed hydrologically limited responses, suggesting rapid subsurface flow, likely through the many macropores and soil pipes. The lag time between peak streamflow and peak groundwater level decreased with increasing antecedent moisture conditions and was more variable for piezometers further away from the stream than for piezometers close to the stream. The study results indicate that a single storage-runoff model is not appropriate for this steep watershed and that a two- or three-compartment model would be more suitable. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Haught, D. R. W.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Haught, D. R. W.; Meerveld, H. J.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Geog, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
RP Haught, DRW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM dwhealdo@usgs.gov
RI van Meerveld, Ilja/C-5146-2011
OI van Meerveld, Ilja/0000-0002-7547-3270
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
FX We would like to thank Krystal Chin, Sheena Spencer, Marieke Duineveld,
and Yue-Ching Cheng for their assistance in the field and the staff of
the Malcolm Knapp Research Forest for logistical support and access to
the study watershed. This work was supported by a Discovery grant from
the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
NR 36
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0885-6087
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 25
SI SI
BP 3866
EP 3877
DI 10.1002/hyp.8354
PG 12
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 855PW
UT WOS:000297577700005
ER
PT J
AU Peters, NE
Aulenbach, BT
AF Peters, Norman E.
Aulenbach, Brent T.
TI Water storage at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia, USA
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE water storage; baseflow; hydrograph recession; soil moisture content;
evapotranspiration; water balance
ID BASEFLOW RECESSION ANALYSIS; FORESTED CATCHMENT; HILLSLOPE SCALE;
DRAINAGE BASINS; SOIL-MOISTURE; FLOW; RATES; TRANSPIRATION; SEPARATION;
HYDROLOGY
AB Storage is a major component of a catchment water balance particularly when the water balance components are evaluated on short time scales, that is, less than annual. We propose a method of determining the storagedischarge relation using an exponential function and daily precipitation, potential evapotranspiration (PET) and baseflow during the dormant season when evapotranspiration (ET) is low. The method was applied to the 22-year data series of the 0.41-ha forested Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia. The relation of cumulative daily precipitation minus daily runoff and PET versus baseflow was highly significant (r2?=?0.92, p?0.0001), but the initial storage for each year varied markedly. For the 22-year study period, annual precipitation and runoff averaged 1240 and 380?mm, respectively, whereas the absolute catchment storage range was similar to 400?mm, averaging 219?mm annually, which is attributed to contributions of soil water and groundwater. The soil moisture of a catchment average 1-m soil depth was evaluated and suggests that there was an active (changes in soil storage during stormflow) and passive (a longer-term seasonal cycle) soil water storage with ranges of 4070 and 100120?mm, respectively. The active soil water storage was short term on the order of days during and immediately after rainstorms, and the passive or seasonal soil storage was highest during winter when ET was lowest and lowest during summer when ET was highest. An estimate of ET from daily changes in soil moisture (ETSM) during recessions was comparable with PET during the dormant season (1.5?mm?day-1) but was much lower during the growing season (June through August); monthly average SMET and PET ranged from 2.8 to 4.0?mm?day-1 and from 4.5 to 5.5?mm?day-1, respectively. The growing season difference is attributed to the overestimation of PET. ETSM estimates were comparable with those derived from hillslope water balances during sprinkling experiments. Master recession curves derived from the storagedischarge relation adjusted seasonally for ET (1.5 and 4.0?mm?day-1 during the dormant and growing seasons, respectively) fit actual recessions extremely well. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Peters, Norman E.; Aulenbach, Brent T.] US Geol Survey, Georgia Water Sci Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30360 USA.
RP Peters, NE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Georgia Water Sci Ctr, 3039 Amwiler Rd,Suite 130, Atlanta, GA 30360 USA.
EM ne_peters@mac.com
RI Aulenbach, Brent/A-5848-2008
OI Aulenbach, Brent/0000-0003-2863-1288
FU Panola Mountain State Park
FX This study is part of the US Geological Survey's Water, Energy and
Biogeochemical Budgets Program and was conducted in cooperation with the
Georgia Department of Natural Resources. The authors are grateful for
the support provided by the staff of Panola Mountain State Park and by
several students who have pursued advanced degrees from data they
collected and/or analysed from PMRW. They are particularly grateful to
Dr Ilja Tromp-van Meerveld for her hillslope studies and analysis of the
soil moisture characteristics of the intact soil cores, Dr Rosanna
Cappellato for the collection and analysis of deciduous and coniferous
throughfall and stemflow data and Dr Jim Freer who provided the PET
calculations. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 45
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U1 1
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0885-6087
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 25
SI SI
BP 3878
EP 3889
DI 10.1002/hyp.8334
PG 12
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 855PW
UT WOS:000297577700006
ER
PT J
AU Mackelprang, R
Waldrop, MP
DeAngelis, KM
David, MM
Chavarria, KL
Blazewicz, SJ
Rubin, EM
Jansson, JK
AF Mackelprang, Rachel
Waldrop, Mark P.
DeAngelis, Kristen M.
David, Maude M.
Chavarria, Krystle L.
Blazewicz, Steven J.
Rubin, Edward M.
Jansson, Janet K.
TI Metagenomic analysis of a permafrost microbial community reveals a rapid
response to thaw
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; R-PACKAGE; DIVERSITY; CARBON; SOIL; RNA; DISCOVERY;
ALIGNMENT; GENOMES; METHANE
AB Permafrost contains an estimated 1672 Pg carbon (C), an amount roughly equivalent to the total currently contained within land plants and the atmosphere(1-3). This reservoir of C is vulnerable to decomposition as rising global temperatures cause the permafrost to thaw(2). During thaw, trapped organic matter may become more accessible for microbial degradation and result in greenhouse gas emissions(4,5). Despite recent advances in the use of molecular tools to study permafrost microbial communities(6-9), their response to thaw remains unclear. Here we use deep metagenomic sequencing to determine the impact of thaw on microbial phylogenetic and functional genes, and relate these data to measurements of methane emissions. Metagenomics, the direct sequencing of DNA from the environment, allows the examination of whole biochemical pathways and associated processes, as opposed to individual pieces of the metabolic puzzle. Our metagenome analyses reveal that during transition from a frozen to a thawed state there are rapid shifts in many microbial, phylogenetic and functional gene abundances and pathways. After one week of incubation at 5 degrees C, permafrost metagenomes converge to be more similar to each other than while they are frozen. We find that multiple genes involved in cycling of C and nitrogen shift rapidly during thaw. We also construct the first draft genome from a complex soil metagenome, which corresponds to a novel methanogen. Methane previously accumulated in permafrost is released during thaw and subsequently consumed by methanotrophic bacteria. Together these data point towards the importance of rapid cycling of methane and nitrogen in thawing permafrost.
C1 [Mackelprang, Rachel; Rubin, Edward M.; Jansson, Janet K.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
[Mackelprang, Rachel] Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Biol, Northridge, CA 91330 USA.
[Waldrop, Mark P.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[DeAngelis, Kristen M.; David, Maude M.; Chavarria, Krystle L.; Jansson, Janet K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Blazewicz, Steven J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Rubin, Edward M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Jansson, JK (reprint author), US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
EM jrjansson@lbl.gov
OI Waldrop, Mark/0000-0003-1829-7140; DeAngelis,
Kristen/0000-0002-5585-4551
FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
Venture Capital; United States Geological Survey
FX The work conducted by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Earth
Sciences Division (Laboratory Directed Research Development) and the
Joint Genome Institute was supported in part by the Office of Science of
the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This
study was also supported by the Venture Capital and Yukon River Basin
project of the United States Geological Survey. We acknowledge the
technical support by the Joint Genome Institute production team. We
thank A. Sczyrba, R. Egan and S. Canon for discussions and advice.
NR 44
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U2 404
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 480
IS 7377
BP 368
EP U120
DI 10.1038/nature10576
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 861PZ
UT WOS:000298033000051
PM 22056985
ER
PT J
AU Lorch, JM
Meteyer, CU
Behr, MJ
Boyles, JG
Cryan, PM
Hicks, AC
Ballmann, AE
Coleman, JTH
Redell, DN
Reeder, DM
Blehert, DS
AF Lorch, Jeffrey M.
Meteyer, Carol U.
Behr, Melissa J.
Boyles, Justin G.
Cryan, Paul M.
Hicks, Alan C.
Ballmann, Anne E.
Coleman, Jeremy T. H.
Redell, David N.
Reeder, DeeAnn M.
Blehert, David S.
TI Experimental infection of bats with Geomyces destructans causes
white-nose syndrome
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID MYOTIS-LUCIFUGUS; EXTINCTION; DISEASE; SPREAD; UPDATE
AB White-nose syndrome(WNS) has caused recent catastrophic declines among multiple species of bats in eastern North America(1,2). The disease's name derives from a visually apparent white growth of the newly discovered fungus Geomyces destructans on the skin (including the muzzle) of hibernating bats(1,3). Colonization of skin by this fungus is associated with characteristic cutaneous lesions that are the only consistent pathological finding related to WNS4. However, the role of G. destructans in WNS remains controversial because evidence to implicate the fungus as the primary cause of this disease is lacking. The debate is fuelled, in part, by the assumption that fungal infections in mammals are most commonly associated with immune system dysfunction(5-7). Additionally, the recent discovery that G. destructans commonly colonizes the skin of bats of Europe, where no unusual bat mortality events have been reported(8-10), has generated further speculation that the fungus is an opportunistic pathogen and that other unidentified factors are the primary cause of WNS11,12. Here we demonstrate that exposure of healthy little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) to pure cultures of G. destructans causes WNS. Live G. destructans was subsequently cultured from diseased bats, successfully fulfilling established criteria for the determination of G. destructans as a primary pathogen(13). We also confirmed that WNS can be transmitted from infected bats to healthy bats through direct contact. Our results provide the first direct evidence that G. destructans is the causal agent of WNS and that the recent emergence of WNS in North America may represent translocation of the fungus to a region with a naive population of animals(8). Demonstration of causality is an instrumental step in elucidating the pathogenesis(14) and epidemiology(15) of WNS and in guiding management actions to preserve bat populations against the novel threat posed by this devastating infectious disease.
C1 [Lorch, Jeffrey M.; Meteyer, Carol U.; Ballmann, Anne E.; Blehert, David S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Lorch, Jeffrey M.] Univ Wisconsin, Mol & Environm Toxicol Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Behr, Melissa J.] Wisconsin Vet Diagnost Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Boyles, Justin G.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Cryan, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Hicks, Alan C.] New York Dept Environm Conservat, Albany, NY 12233 USA.
[Coleman, Jeremy T. H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hadley, MA 01035 USA.
[Redell, David N.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53707 USA.
[Reeder, DeeAnn M.] Bucknell Univ, Dept Biol, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA.
RP Blehert, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM dblehert@usgs.gov
RI Boyles, Justin/A-5152-2010;
OI Lorch, Jeffrey/0000-0003-2239-1252; Cryan, Paul/0000-0002-2915-8894;
Reeder, DeeAnn/0000-0001-8651-2012
FU US Geological Survey; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Bat Conservation
International; Indiana State University Center for North American Bat
Research and Conservation
FX Financial support for this project was provided by the US Geological
Survey, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, Bat Conservation
International, and the Indiana State University Center for North
American Bat Research and Conservation. Use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the US Government. We acknowledge E. Buckles, S. Darling and T. Tomasi
for discussions during the development of this project. We thank N.
Keller for comments during the preparation of this manuscript. We also
thank J. P. White, R. Dusek, A. Klein, L. Leppert, K. Schuler, C. L.
White and NWHC Animal Care Staff for their help with set-up and
maintenance of animals, and D. Berndt, L. Muller, A. Pike and M. Verant
for their assistance during necropsies. We thank X. Yu for help with
statistical analyses.
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U1 22
U2 181
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 480
IS 7377
BP 376
EP U129
DI 10.1038/nature10590
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 861PZ
UT WOS:000298033000053
PM 22031324
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JH
Savage, MK
Townend, J
AF Johnson, Jessica H.
Savage, Martha K.
Townend, John
TI Distinguishing between stress-induced and structural anisotropy at Mount
Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID EARTHQUAKE FOCAL MECHANISMS; SEISMIC ANISOTROPY; NORTH-ISLAND; CRUSTAL
ANISOTROPY; SOUTHERN TERMINATION; VELOCITY ANISOTROPY; SYSTEMATIC
ANALYSIS; GEOTHERMAL-FIELD; SUBDUCTION ZONE; WAVE ANISOTROPY
AB We have created a benchmark of spatial variations in shear wave anisotropy around Mount Ruapehu, New Zealand, against which to measure future temporal changes. Anisotropy in the crust is often assumed to be caused by stress-aligned microcracks, and the polarization of the fast quasi-shear wave (phi) is thus interpreted to indicate the direction of maximum horizontal stress, but can also be due to aligned minerals or macroscopic fractures. Changes in seismic anisotropy have been observed following a major eruption in 1995/96 and were attributed to changes in stress from the depressurization of the magmatic system. Three-component broadband seismometers have been deployed to complement the permanent stations that surround Ruapehu, creating a combined network of 34 three-component seismometers. This denser observational network improves the resolution with which spatial variations in seismic anisotropy can be examined. Using an automated shear wave splitting analysis, we examine local earthquakes in 2008. We observe a strong azimuthal dependence of phi and so introduce a spatial averaging technique and two-dimensional tomography of recorded delay times. The anisotropy can be divided into regions in which phi agrees with stress estimations from focal mechanism inversions, suggesting stress-induced anisotropy, and those in which phi is aligned with structural features such as faults, suggesting structural anisotropy. The pattern of anisotropy that is inferred to be stress related cannot be modeled adequately using Coulomb modeling with a dike-like inflation source. We suggest that the stress-induced anisotropy is affected by loading of the volcano and a lithospheric discontinuity.
C1 [Johnson, Jessica H.; Savage, Martha K.; Townend, John] Univ Wellington, Sch Geog Environm & Earth Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
RP Johnson, JH (reprint author), USGS, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, POB 51, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
EM jessjohnson@usgs.gov
RI Townend, John/B-5923-2012; Savage, Martha/F-1857-2011; Johnson,
Jessica/N-1113-2015
OI Townend, John/0000-0002-7017-620X; Savage, Martha/0000-0002-2080-0676;
Johnson, Jessica/0000-0003-3628-6402
FU Earthquake Commission; New Zealand Marsden Fund; Foundation for
Research, Science and Technology; Victoria University of Wellington
FX We gratefully acknowledge funding and support for this research from The
Earthquake Commission; The New Zealand Marsden Fund; The Foundation for
Research, Science and Technology; and a Victoria University of
Wellington PhD Scholarship. We would like to thank Euan Smith, Steven
Bannister, Sonja Greve, Andreas Wessel, and Daniel Clarke for providing
software and advice on the use of the programs. Focal mechanism
inversions were carried out by Carolin Boese. P wave anisotropy
measurements were provided by Donna Eberhart-Phillips. Ngauruhoe
deployment data, as well as two seismometers for the SADAR experiment,
were provided by Art Jolly. We also thank Mark Henderson, Art Jolly, and
students at Victoria University of Wellington for field assistance and
appreciate the help of VUW students with phase picks. We gratefully
acknowledge GeoNet (http://www.geonet.org.nz), a collaborative project
funded by the Earthquake Commission (EQC) and operated by GNS Science,
for providing earthquake data used in this study. We are particularly
grateful to Kevin Fenaughty for help with extracting earthquake arrival
time data and seismograms from the GeoNet catalog. We would also like to
thank S. Kaneshima and the two anonymous reviewers for their insightful
comments, which improved this manuscript.
NR 66
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Z9 18
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD DEC 14
PY 2011
VL 116
AR B12303
DI 10.1029/2011JB008308
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 864ST
UT WOS:000298261100001
ER
PT J
AU Scholz, NL
Myers, MS
McCarthy, SG
Labenia, JS
McIntyre, JK
Ylitalo, GM
Rhodes, LD
Laetz, CA
Stehr, CM
French, BL
McMillan, B
Wilson, D
Reed, L
Lynch, KD
Damm, S
Davis, JW
Collier, TK
AF Scholz, Nathaniel L.
Myers, Mark S.
McCarthy, Sarah G.
Labenia, Jana S.
McIntyre, Jenifer K.
Ylitalo, Gina M.
Rhodes, Linda D.
Laetz, Cathy A.
Stehr, Carla M.
French, Barbara L.
McMillan, Bill
Wilson, Dean
Reed, Laura
Lynch, Katherine D.
Damm, Steve
Davis, Jay W.
Collier, Tracy K.
TI Recurrent Die-Offs of Adult Coho Salmon Returning to Spawn in Puget
Sound Lowland Urban Streams
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; SOCKEYE-SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS SPP.;
PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FRASER-RIVER; STORM WATER; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE;
METALS; ASSAY
AB Several Seattle-area streams in Puget Sound were the focus of habitat restoration projects in the 1990s. Post-project effectiveness monitoring surveys revealed anomalous behaviors among adult coho salmon returning to spawn in restored reaches. These included erratic surface swimming, gaping, fin splaying, and loss of orientation and equilibrium. Affected fish died within hours, and female carcasses generally showed high rates (>90%) of egg retention. Beginning in the fall of 2002, systematic spawner surveys were conducted to 1) assess the severity of the adult die-offs, 2) compare spawner mortality in urban vs. non-urban streams, and 3) identify water quality and spawner condition factors that might be associated with the recurrent fish kills. The forensic investigation focused on conventional water quality parameters (e. g., dissolved oxygen, temperature, ammonia), fish condition, pathogen exposure and disease status, and exposures to metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and current use pesticides. Daily surveys of a representative urban stream (Longfellow Creek) from 2002-2009 revealed premature spawner mortality rates that ranged from 60-100% of each fall run. The comparable rate in a non-urban stream was,1% (Fortson Creek, surveyed in 2002). Conventional water quality, pesticide exposure, disease, and spawner condition showed no relationship to the syndrome. Coho salmon did show evidence of exposure to metals and petroleum hydrocarbons, both of which commonly originate from motor vehicles in urban landscapes. The weight of evidence suggests that freshwater-transitional coho are particularly vulnerable to an as-yet unidentified toxic contaminant (or contaminant mixture) in urban runoff. Stormwater may therefore place important constraints on efforts to conserve and recover coho populations in urban and urbanizing watersheds throughout the western United States.
C1 [Scholz, Nathaniel L.; Myers, Mark S.; Labenia, Jana S.; McIntyre, Jenifer K.; Ylitalo, Gina M.; Rhodes, Linda D.; Laetz, Cathy A.; Stehr, Carla M.; French, Barbara L.; Collier, Tracy K.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[McCarthy, Sarah G.; Wilson, Dean] King Cty, Dept Nat Resources & Pk, Seattle, WA USA.
[McMillan, Bill] Wild Fish Conservancy, Duvall, WA USA.
[Reed, Laura; Lynch, Katherine D.] City Seattle, Seattle Publ Util, Seattle, WA USA.
[Damm, Steve; Davis, Jay W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington Fish & Wildlife Off, Lacey, WA USA.
RP Scholz, NL (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
EM Nathaniel.Scholz@noaa.gov
RI Scholz, Nathaniel/L-1642-2013;
OI Scholz, Nathaniel/0000-0001-6207-0272; Rhodes, Linda/0000-0003-4995-9426
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service National Contaminants Program; U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency Region; King Conservation District
FX This project received agency funding from the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (Coastal Storms Program), the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service National Contaminants Program, the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency Region 10, and the King Conservation District. Funds
were delivered via interagency agreements, so grant numbers are not
applicable. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 43
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U1 5
U2 72
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD DEC 14
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 12
AR e28013
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028013
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 866GS
UT WOS:000298369100018
PM 22194802
ER
PT J
AU Olabarrieta, M
Warner, JC
Kumar, N
AF Olabarrieta, Maitane
Warner, John C.
Kumar, Nirnimesh
TI Wave-current interaction in Willapa Bay
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID MODELING-SYSTEM; LONGSHORE CURRENTS; CIRCULATION MODEL; TURBULENCE
MODELS; SURFACE-WAVES; COASTAL; LENGTH; INLET; FLOW; DISPERSION
AB This paper describes the importance of wave-current interaction in an inlet-estuary system. The three-dimensional, fully coupled, Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system was applied in Willapa Bay (Washington State) from 22 to 29 October 1998 that included a large storm event. To represent the interaction between waves and currents, the vortex-force method was used. Model results were compared with water elevations, currents, and wave measurements obtained by the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers. In general, a good agreement between field data and computed results was achieved, although some discrepancies were also observed in regard to wave peak directions in the most upstream station. Several numerical experiments that considered different forcing terms were run in order to identify the effects of each wind, tide, and wave-current interaction process. Comparison of the horizontal momentum balances results identified that wave-breaking-induced acceleration is one of the leading terms in the inlet area. The enhancement of the apparent bed roughness caused by waves also affected the values and distribution of the bottom shear stress. The pressure gradient showed significant changes with respect to the pure tidal case. During storm conditions the momentum balance in the inlet shares the characteristics of tidal-dominated and wave-dominated surf zone environments. The changes in the momentum balance caused by waves were manifested both in water level and current variations. The most relevant effect on hydrodynamics was a wave-induced setup in the inner part of the estuary.
C1 [Olabarrieta, Maitane; Warner, John C.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Kumar, Nirnimesh] Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Olabarrieta, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM molabarrieta@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program under the
Carolinas Coastal Change Processes Project
FX Primary funding for this study was furnished by the U.S. Geological
Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, under the Carolinas Coastal
Change Processes Project. The authors would like to thank the U. S. Army
Corps of Engineers for sharing the field survey data obtained in Willapa
Inlet. We are also grateful to the Career Training Interexchange program
that facilitated the training period of Maitane Olabarrieta within the
USGS. We would also like to thank the developers of GEBCO08 bathymetry,
T_Tide, WAFO toolbox and of the SWAN and ROMS models. The authors would
also like to thank Jeff List and Chris Sherwood as internal reviewers,
as well as the journal reviewers for their suggestions.
NR 66
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U1 1
U2 25
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD DEC 13
PY 2011
VL 116
AR C12014
DI 10.1029/2011JC007387
PG 27
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 864PR
UT WOS:000298252700002
ER
PT J
AU Wicks, C
Thelen, W
Weaver, C
Gomberg, J
Rohay, A
Bodin, P
AF Wicks, Charles
Thelen, Weston
Weaver, Craig
Gomberg, Joan
Rohay, Alan
Bodin, Paul
TI InSAR observations of aseismic slip associated with an earthquake swarm
in the Columbia River flood basalts
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID 7.1 HECTOR MINE; SLOW EARTHQUAKES; FAULT; DEFORMATION; SEISMICITY;
CALIFORNIA; WASHINGTON; MIGRATION; STRESS
AB In 2009 a swarm of small shallow earthquakes occurred within the basalt flows of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG). The swarm occurred within a dense seismic network in the U. S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site. Data from the seismic network along with interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data from the European Space Agency's (ESA) ENVISAT satellite provide insight into the nature of the swarm. By modeling the InSAR deformation data we constructed a model that consists of a shallow thrust fault and a near horizontal fault. We suggest that the near horizontal lying fault is a bedding-plane fault located between basalt flows. The geodetic moment of the modeled fault system is about eight times the cumulative seismic moment of the swarm. Precise location estimates of the swarm earthquakes indicate that the area of highest slip on the thrust fault, similar to 70 mm of slip less than similar to 0.5 km depth, was not located within the swarm cluster. Most of the slip on the faults appears to have progressed aseismically and we suggest that interbed sediments play a central role in the slip process.
C1 [Wicks, Charles] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Thelen, Weston; Bodin, Paul] Univ Washington, Pacific NW Seism Network, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Weaver, Craig; Gomberg, Joan] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Rohay, Alan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Characterizat & Risk Assessment Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wicks, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM cwicks@usgs.gov
FU NASA; NSF; USGS
FX This manuscript greatly benefited from reviews by Fred Pollitz, Jim
Savage, Mitch Pitt, Steve Reidel, and an anonymous reviewer. We thank
Steve Reidel for bringing the core disking and mapped MIB detachments to
our attention. ENVISAT data were provided through ESA CAT-1 proposal
2765 and the WiNSAR Consortium (sponsored by NASA, NSF, and USGS).
NR 38
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U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD DEC 10
PY 2011
VL 116
AR B12304
DI 10.1029/2011JB008433
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 860ZJ
UT WOS:000297987500004
ER
PT J
AU Martin, TE
AF Martin, Thomas E.
TI The Cost of Fear
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID NEST-PREDATION; BIRDS; RISK; FOOD
C1 Univ Montana, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Martin, TE (reprint author), Univ Montana, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM tom.martin@umontana.edu
RI Martin, Thomas/F-6016-2011
OI Martin, Thomas/0000-0002-4028-4867
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 41
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 9
PY 2011
VL 334
IS 6061
BP 1353
EP 1354
DI 10.1126/science.1216109
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 858HW
UT WOS:000297787700035
PM 22158807
ER
PT J
AU Chen, KH
Furumura, T
Rubinstein, J
Rau, RJ
AF Chen, Kate Huihsuan
Furumura, Takashi
Rubinstein, Justin
Rau, Ruey-Juin
TI Observations of changes in waveform character induced by the 1999
M(w)7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID STRONG GROUND MOTION; REPEATING EARTHQUAKES; RECURRENCE INTERVAL;
VELOCITY CHANGES; CALAVERAS FAULT; RUPTURE ZONE; LOMA-PRIETA; HECTOR
MINE; CALIFORNIA; TAIWAN
AB We observe changes in the waveforms of repeating earthquakes in eastern Taiwan following the 1999 M(w)7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake, while their recurrence intervals appear to be unaffected. There is a clear reduction in waveform similarity and velocity changes indicated by delayed phases at the time of the Chi-Chi event. These changes are limited to stations in and paths that cross the 70 x 100 km region surrounding the Chi-Chi source area, the area where seismic intensity and co-seismic surface displacements were largest. This suggests that damage at the near-surface is responsible for the observed waveform changes. Delays are largest in the late S-wave coda, reaching approximately 120 ms. This corresponds to a path averaged S wave velocity reduction of approximately 1%. There is also evidence that damage in the fault-zone caused changes in waveform character at sites in the footwall, where source-receiver paths propagate either along or across the rupture. The reduction in waveform similarity persists through the most recent repeating event in our study (November 15, 2007), indicating that the subsurface damage induced by the Chi-Chi earthquake did not fully heal within the first 8 years following the Chi-Chi earthquake. Citation: Chen, K. H., T. Furumura, J. Rubinstein, and R.-J. Rau (2011), Observations of changes in waveform character induced by the 1999 M(w)7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L23302, doi:10.1029/2011GL049841.
C1 [Chen, Kate Huihsuan] Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.
[Furumura, Takashi] Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan.
[Rau, Ruey-Juin] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
[Rubinstein, Justin] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Chen, KH (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Earth Sci, 88,Sec 4,Tingzhou Rd, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.
EM katepili@gmail.com
OI Rubinstein, Justin/0000-0003-1274-6785
FU Taiwan NSC [99-2116-M-003-006]
FX We thank Roland Burgmann, Joan Gomberg, Art McGarr, and Bill Ellsworth
for comments, Doug Dreger, Kevin Mayeda, and Shu-Huei Hung for helpful
discussions. This work was supported by Taiwan NSC grant
99-2116-M-003-006. Seismic data are archived at the Central Weather
Bureau Seismic Network (CWBSN) in Taiwan and Broad-band Array in Taiwan
for Seismology (BATS) operated by IES. The manuscripts benefited from
critical comments from the reviewers Zhigang Peng and Yong-Gang Li.
NR 27
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U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD DEC 6
PY 2011
VL 38
AR L23302
DI 10.1029/2011GL049841
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 861EE
UT WOS:000298001200002
ER
PT J
AU Rodhouse, TJ
Irvine, KM
Vierling, KT
Vierling, LA
AF Rodhouse, Thomas J.
Irvine, Kathryn M.
Vierling, Kerri T.
Vierling, Lee A.
TI Estimating Temporal Trend in the Presence of Spatial Complexity: A
Bayesian Hierarchical Model for a Wetland Plant Population Undergoing
Restoration
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ECOLOGY; AUTOCORRELATION; REGRESSION; CAMASSIA
AB Monitoring programs that evaluate restoration and inform adaptive management are important for addressing environmental degradation. These efforts may be well served by spatially explicit hierarchical approaches to modeling because of unavoidable spatial structure inherited from past land use patterns and other factors. We developed Bayesian hierarchical models to estimate trends from annual density counts observed in a spatially structured wetland forb (Camassia quamash [camas]) population following the cessation of grazing and mowing on the study area, and in a separate reference population of camas. The restoration site was bisected by roads and drainage ditches, resulting in distinct subpopulations ("zones") with different land use histories. We modeled this spatial structure by fitting zone-specific intercepts and slopes. We allowed spatial covariance parameters in the model to vary by zone, as in stratified kriging, accommodating anisotropy and improving computation and biological interpretation. Trend estimates provided evidence of a positive effect of passive restoration, and the strength of evidence was influenced by the amount of spatial structure in the model. Allowing trends to vary among zones and accounting for topographic heterogeneity increased precision of trend estimates. Accounting for spatial autocorrelation shifted parameter coefficients in ways that varied among zones depending on strength of statistical shrinkage, autocorrelation and topographic heterogeneity-a phenomenon not widely described. Spatially explicit estimates of trend from hierarchical models will generally be more useful to land managers than pooled regional estimates and provide more realistic assessments of uncertainty. The ability to grapple with historical contingency is an appealing benefit of this approach.
C1 [Rodhouse, Thomas J.; Vierling, Kerri T.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Irvine, Kathryn M.] US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA.
[Vierling, Lee A.] Univ Idaho, Geospatial Lab Environm Dynam, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
RP Rodhouse, TJ (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
EM Tom_Rodhouse@nps.gov
RI Vierling, Lee/E-6428-2010; Vierling, Kerri/N-6653-2016;
OI Vierling, Lee/0000-0001-5344-1983; Rodhouse, Thomas/0000-0001-5953-9113
FU National Park Service Upper Columbia Basin Network; [NIH/NCRR
P20RR16448]; [P20RR016454]
FX Funding was provided by the National Park Service Upper Columbia Basin
Network. Additional material support was provided by Nez Perce National
Historical Park and Big Hole National Battlefield. Access to the
University of Idaho Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary
Studies (IBEST) Unix computing core was made possible by grant NIH/NCRR
P20RR16448 and P20RR016454 provided to IBEST (but not to the authors).
Staff members of the National Park Service funding organizations
provided input into the study design and data collection procedures, but
did not influence analysis, decision to publish, or participate in
manuscript preparation.
NR 35
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Z9 1
U1 0
U2 19
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD DEC 6
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 12
AR e28635
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028635
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 863OC
UT WOS:000298173500043
PM 22163047
ER
PT J
AU Weber, ME
Clark, PU
Ricken, W
Mitrovica, JX
Hostetler, SW
Kuhn, G
AF Weber, Michael E.
Clark, Peter U.
Ricken, Werner
Mitrovica, Jerry X.
Hostetler, Steven W.
Kuhn, Gerhard
TI Interhemispheric Ice-Sheet Synchronicity During the Last Glacial Maximum
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA EMBAYMENT CONSTRAINTS; SOUTHEASTERN WEDDELL SEA; OCEAN CIRCULATION;
DEGLACIAL HISTORY; RADIOCARBON CONSTRAINTS; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; RETREAT
HISTORY; VOLUME CHANGE; ROSS SEA; ANTARCTICA
AB The timing of the last maximum extent of the Antarctic ice sheets relative to those in the Northern Hemisphere remains poorly understood. We develop a chronology for the Weddell Sea sector of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet that, combined with ages from other Antarctic ice-sheet sectors, indicates that the advance to and retreat from their maximum extent was within dating uncertainties synchronous with most sectors of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets. Surface climate forcing of Antarctic mass balance would probably cause an opposite response, whereby a warming climate would increase accumulation but not surface melting. Our new data support teleconnections involving sea-level forcing from Northern Hemisphere ice sheets and changes in North Atlantic deep-water formation and attendant heat flux to Antarctic grounding lines to synchronize the hemispheric ice sheets.
C1 [Weber, Michael E.; Ricken, Werner] Univ Cologne, Inst Geol & Mineral, D-50674 Cologne, Germany.
[Hostetler, Steven W.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Mitrovica, Jerry X.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kuhn, Gerhard] Helmholtz Assoc, Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany.
RP Weber, ME (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Geol & Mineral, Zuelpicher Str 49A, D-50674 Cologne, Germany.
EM michael.weber@uni-koeln.de
RI Weber, Michael/G-8707-2012;
OI Kuhn, Gerhard/0000-0001-6069-7485
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [WE2039/8-1, RI525/17-1, KU683/9-1,
KU683/12-1]; U.S. NSF
FX We thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grants WE2039/8-1,
RI525/17-1, KU683/9-1, and KU683/12-1) and the U.S. NSF Paleoclimate
Program for financial support, the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar
and Marine Research for logistic support, J. Rethemeyer for conducting
part of the AMS 14C measurements, B. Weninger for discussing
the 14C data, D. Sprenk for assisting with the graphics, and
A. Holzapfel for editorial work (all from Univ. of Cologne).
NR 50
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U1 4
U2 31
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 2
PY 2011
VL 334
IS 6060
BP 1265
EP 1269
DI 10.1126/science.1209299
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 855HD
UT WOS:000297553600047
PM 22144623
ER
PT J
AU Ramsey, E
Rangoonwala, A
Suzuoki, Y
Jones, CE
AF Ramsey, Elijah, III
Rangoonwala, Amina
Suzuoki, Yukihiro
Jones, Cathleen E.
TI Oil Detection in a Coastal Marsh with Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture
Radar (SAR)
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Gulf of Mexico; Deepwater Horizon oil spill; PolSAR and
multi-polarization radar data; decomposition classification; coastal
marsh; polarimetric signature analysis
ID UNSUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION; DECOMPOSITION; POLLUTION
AB The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's airborne Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) was deployed in June 2010 in response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. UAVSAR is a fully polarimetric L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensor for obtaining data at high spatial resolutions. Starting a month prior to the UAVSAR collections, visual observations confirmed oil impacts along shorelines within northeastern Barataria Bay waters in eastern coastal Louisiana. UAVSAR data along several flight lines over Barataria Bay were collected on 23 June 2010, including the repeat flight line for which data were collected in June 2009. Our analysis of calibrated single-look complex data for these flight lines shows that structural damage of shoreline marsh accompanied by oil occurrence manifested as anomalous features not evident in pre-spill data. Freeman-Durden (FD) and Cloude-Pottier (CP) decompositions of the polarimetric data and Wishart classifications seeded with the FD and CP classes also highlighted these nearshore features as a change in dominant scattering mechanism. All decompositions and classifications also identify a class of interior marshes that reproduce the spatially extensive changes in backscatter indicated by the pre- and post-spill comparison of multi-polarization radar backscatter data. FD and CP decompositions reveal that those changes indicate a transform of dominant scatter from primarily surface or volumetric to double or even bounce. Given supportive evidence that oil-polluted waters penetrated into the interior marshes, it is reasonable that these backscatter changes correspond with oil exposure; however, multiple factors prevent unambiguous determination of whether UAVSAR detected oil in interior marshes.
C1 [Ramsey, Elijah, III] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA USA.
[Rangoonwala, Amina] IAP World Serv Inc, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920 USA.
[Suzuoki, Yukihiro] ASci Corp Inc, Mclean, VA 22101 USA.
[Jones, Cathleen E.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Ramsey, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA USA.
EM ramseye@usgs.gov; rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov; yukihirosuzuoki@gmail.com;
cathleen.e.jones@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 32
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 32
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 12
BP 2630
EP 2662
DI 10.3390/rs3122630
PG 33
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA 978PD
UT WOS:000306755300005
ER
PT J
AU Thenkabail, PS
AF Thenkabail, Prasad S.
TI Remote Sensing Open Access Journal: Leading a New Paradigm in Publishing
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US Geol Survey, USGS SW Geog Sci Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, USGS SW Geog Sci Team, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM pthenkabail@usgs.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 10
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 12
BP 2704
EP 2706
DI 10.3390/rs3122704
PG 3
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA 978PD
UT WOS:000306755300008
ER
PT J
AU Budd, MJ
Krementz, DG
AF Budd, Michael J.
Krementz, David G.
TI Status and Distribution of Breeding Secretive Marshbirds in the Delta of
Arkansas
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID RIVER ALLUVIAL VALLEY; CONSERVATION; WETLANDS; RAILS
AB We surveyed the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley of Arkansas ("the Delta") during the breeding seasons of 2005 and 2006 using the national marshbird monitoring protocol for secretive marshbirds. We detected and documented breeding by Podilymbus podiceps (Pied-billed Grebe), Ixobrychus exilis (Least Bittern), Rallus elegans (King Rail), and Gallinula chloropus (Common Moorhen). We detected but did not document breeding by Botaurus lentiginosus (American Bittern), Porphyrula martinica (Purple Gallinule), and Fulica americana (American Coot), all of which have been documented to breed in the Delta. Our estimated occupancy rates for breeding marshbirds in the study area ranged from a low of 6% for the King Rail in 2006 to a high of 27% for the Least Bittern in 2005. The range of these occupancy rates are low and reflect the rarity of secretive marshbirds in the Delta. Secretive marshbird occupancy rates were higher in the southern third of the Delta, probably because wetlands were more abundant or of higher quality there.
C1 [Budd, Michael J.; Krementz, David G.] US Geol Survey, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
RP Krementz, DG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol Sci, 1 Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM Krementz@uark.edu
FU Arkansas Game and Fish Commission; US Geological Survey Arkansas
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
FX Funding for this work came from the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission
and the US Geological Survey Arkansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit. A. Claassen, J. Price, and S. Stake helped collect data,
while L. Lewis and K. Rowe assisted with logistics. We thank all
federal, state, and private landowners who allowed us to survey
marshbirds on their properties. S. Lehnen assisted with the analyses. G.
Huxel, R. McNew, J. Neal, and N. Winstead made comments on an early
draft of this manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government. Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on the
manuscript.
NR 32
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 17
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 4
BP 687
EP 702
DI 10.1656/058.010.0408
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 976TI
UT WOS:000306607500008
ER
PT J
AU Breinnger, DR
Bolt, MR
Legare, ML
Drese, JH
Stolen, ED
AF Breinnger, David R.
Bolt, M. Rebecca
Legare, Michael L.
Drese, John H.
Stolen, Eric D.
TI Factors Influencing Home-Range Sizes of Eastern Indigo Snakes in Central
Florida
SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SPATIAL ECOLOGY; DRYMARCHON-COUPERI; HOPLOCEPHALUS-BUNGAROIDES; HABITAT
SPECIFICITY; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; ROAD MORTALITY; CONSERVATION;
MOVEMENTS; LANDSCAPES; GEORGIA
AB Wide-ranging snake species are particularly sensitive to landscape fragmentation, and understanding area requirements is important for their conservation. We used radiotelemetry to quantify how Eastern Indigo Snake home-range sizes were influenced by sex, land cover, and the length of time (weeks) individuals were radio tracked. We found that Eastern Indigo Snakes had the largest home ranges among other snake species studied. Female home ranges averaged 44 and 76 ha, respectively, for kernel and minimum convex polygon estimators. Male home ranges averaged 156 and 202 ha, respectively, for kernel and minimum convex polygon estimators. Many animal species respond to habitat fragmentation by using larger areas than in unfragmented landscapes, but we found that Indigo Snakes in fragmented landscapes used much smaller areas. The length of time that snakes were tracked had almost no influence on home-range size compared to sex and land cover type. Our results suggest that maintaining populations of this large wide-ranging predator will require large conservation areas with minimum fragmentation.
C1 [Breinnger, David R.; Bolt, M. Rebecca; Drese, John H.; Stolen, Eric D.] NASA, Ecol Programs, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
[Legare, Michael L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Merritt Isl Natl Wildlife Refuge, Titusville, FL 32782 USA.
RP Breinnger, DR (reprint author), NASA, Ecol Programs, Mail Code IHA-300, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
EM david.r.breininger@nasa.gov
FU The Bailey Wildlife Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space
Administration; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX The Bailey Wildlife Foundation, National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service funded this study. We
thank G. Bailey, M. Bailey, J. Berish, P. Burger, M. Burgman, K. Gorman,
C. Hall, R. Koester, L. LaClaire, P. Moler, R. Seigel, S. Brisbin, and
B. Summerfield. We also thank about 60 natural resource professionals
who helped us capture Indigo Snakes for radio tracking studies.
NR 67
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 40
PU SOC STUDY AMPHIBIANS REPTILES
PI ST LOUIS
PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST
LOUIS, MO 63103 USA
SN 0022-1511
EI 1937-2418
J9 J HERPETOL
JI J. Herpetol.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 4
BP 484
EP 490
PG 7
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 966YS
UT WOS:000305873900016
ER
PT J
AU Swezey, CS
Garrity, CP
AF Swezey, Christopher S.
Garrity, Christopher P.
TI GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL DATA FROM CAVES AND MINES INFECTED WITH
WHITE-NOSE SYNDROME (WNS) BEFORE SEPTEMBER 2009 IN THE EASTERN UNITED
STATES
SO JOURNAL OF CAVE AND KARST STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
ID NEW-YORK; MYOTIS-LUCIFUGUS; CENTRAL APPALACHIANS; HELDERBERG GROUP;
BROWN BAT; VERMONT; HIBERNATION; DRAINAGE; WATER
AB Since 2006, a white fungus named Geomyces destructans has been observed on the muzzles, noses, ears, and (or) wings of bats in the eastern United States, and bat colonies that are infected with this fungus have experienced dramatic incidences of mortality. Although it is not exactly certain how and why these bats are dying, this condition has been named white-nose syndrome (WNS). WNS appears to have spread from an initial infection site at a cave that is connected to a commercial cave in New York, and by the end of August 2009 was identified in at least 74 other sites in the eastern United States. Although detailed geographical and geological data are limited, a review of the available data shows that sites infected with WNS before September 2009 include both natural caves and mines. These infected sites extend from New Hampshire to Virginia, and known site elevations range from 84 to 2693 feet above sea level. In terms of geological setting, the infected sites include sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks of ages ranging from Precambrian to Jurassic. However, by the end of August 2009, no infected sites had been identified in strata of Mississippian, Cretaceous, or Triassic age. Meteorological data are sparse, but most of the recorded air temperatures in the known WNS-infected caves and mines range from 0 to 13.9 degrees C, and humidity measurements range from 68 to 100 percent. Although it is not certain which environmental parameters are important for WNS, it is hoped that the geographical and geological information presented in this paper will inform and clarify some of the debate about WNS, lead to greater understanding of the environmental parameters associated with WNS, and highlight the paucity of scientific data from caves in the eastern United States.
C1 [Swezey, Christopher S.; Garrity, Christopher P.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Swezey, CS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM cswezey@usgs.gov; cgarrity@usgs.gov
OI Swezey, Christopher/0000-0003-4019-9264
NR 266
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 33
PU NATL SPELEOLOGICAL SOC
PI HUNTSVILLE
PA 2813 CAVE AVE, HUNTSVILLE, AL 35810-4431 USA
SN 1090-6924
J9 J CAVE KARST STUD
JI J. Cave Karst Stud.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 73
IS 3
BP 125
EP 157
DI 10.4311/jcks2010es0162
PG 33
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 941MD
UT WOS:000303966400001
ER
PT J
AU Earman, S
Dettinger, M
AF Earman, Sam
Dettinger, Michael
TI Potential impacts of climate change on groundwater resources - a global
review
SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; evapotranspiration; groundwater; monitoring modeling;
pumpage; recharge; streamflow; water quality
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; UNITED-STATES; LAND-SURFACE; WATER; RECHARGE; AQUIFER;
MODEL; VARIABILITY; RESPONSES; USA
AB Groundwater is a vital resource for sustaining life. Changes in the Earth's climate have the potential to affect both the quality and quantity of available groundwater, primarily through impacts on recharge, evapotranspiration and (indirectly) on pumpage and abstraction. Groundwater is a major contributor to streamflow in areas with relatively shallow water tables, so changes in groundwater systems may also impact surface-water systems. As a result, understanding how climate change could affect groundwater systems is a vital component of sound long-term management of our water supplies. However, predicting how climate change could impact groundwater systems is difficult. Part of the difficulty is rooted in uncertainties in the predictions of future climate. However, even if we were certain regarding future climate, forecasting future groundwater conditions would still be difficult because of the complex combinations of processes that affect groundwater recharge, discharge and quality. Better observations, increased understanding of processes and modeling capabilities will be needed to assess the future of this vital resource in the face of projected climate changes.
C1 [Earman, Sam] Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Earth Sci, Millersville, PA 17551 USA.
[Dettinger, Michael] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Earman, S (reprint author), Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Earth Sci, Millersville, PA 17551 USA.
EM searman@millersville.edu
FU United States Geological Survey (USGS) Office of Groundwater; California
Energy Commission
FX We appreciate comments from Jim Thomas of the Desert Research Institute,
Reno, NV, Sushel Unninayar of NASA Gil Zemansky of GNS, and two
anonymous reviewers that led to significant improvements in the
manuscript. Funding from the United States Geological Survey (USGS)
Office of Groundwater and the California Energy Commission played an
important role in initiating many of the considerations presented here.
NR 90
TC 23
Z9 25
U1 4
U2 63
PU IWA PUBLISHING
PI LONDON
PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND
SN 2040-2244
J9 J WATER CLIM CHANGE
JI J. Water Clim. Chang.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 2
IS 4
BP 213
EP 229
DI 10.2166/wcc.2011.034
PG 17
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 908BE
UT WOS:000301464400001
ER
PT J
AU Goto, K
Chague-Goff, C
Fujino, S
Goff, J
Jaffe, B
Nishimura, Y
Richmond, B
Sugawara, D
Szczucinski, W
Tappin, DR
Witter, RC
Yulianto, E
AF Goto, Kazuhisa
Chague-Goff, Catherine
Fujino, Shigehiro
Goff, James
Jaffe, Bruce
Nishimura, Yuichi
Richmond, Bruce
Sugawara, Daisuke
Szczucinski, Witold
Tappin, David R.
Witter, Robert C.
Yulianto, Eko
TI New insights of tsunami hazard from the 2011 Tohoku-oki event
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Tsunami deposits; Tohoku-oki tsunami; Japan
ID DECEMBER 2004 TSUNAMI; DEPOSITS; GEOMORPHOLOGY; EROSION; PROXY
AB We report initial results from our recent field survey documenting the inundation and resultant deposits of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami from Sendai Plain, Japan. The tsunami inundated up to 4.5 km inland but the >0.5 cm-thick sand deposit extended only 2.8 km (62% of the inundation distance). The deposit however continued as a mud layer to the inundation limit. The mud deposit contained high concentrations of water-leachable chloride and we conclude that geochemical markers and microfossil data may prove to be useful in identifying the maximum inundation limit of paleotsunamis that could extend well beyond any preserved sand layer. Our newly acquired data on the 2011 event suggest that previous estimates of paleotsunamis (e.g. 869 AD Jogan earthquake and tsunami) in this area have probably been underestimated. If the 2011 and 869 AD events are indeed comparable, the risk from these natural hazards in Japan is much greater than previously recognized. (c) 2011 Elsevier By. All rights reserved.
C1 [Goto, Kazuhisa] Chiba Inst Technol, Planetary Explorat Res Ctr, Chiba 2750016, Japan.
[Goto, Kazuhisa; Sugawara, Daisuke] Tohoku Univ, Disaster Control Res Ctr, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
[Chague-Goff, Catherine; Goff, James] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Australia Pacific Tsunami Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Chague-Goff, Catherine] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia.
[Fujino, Shigehiro] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058572, Japan.
[Jaffe, Bruce; Richmond, Bruce] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Nishimura, Yuichi] Hokkaido Univ, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan.
[Szczucinski, Witold] Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Inst Geol, PL-61606 Poznan, Poland.
[Tappin, David R.] British Geol Survey, Nottingham NG12 5GG, England.
[Witter, Robert C.] Oregon Dept Geol & Mineral Ind, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Yulianto, Eko] Indonesian Inst Sci, Jakarta, Indonesia.
RP Goto, K (reprint author), Chiba Inst Technol, Planetary Explorat Res Ctr, Chiba 2750016, Japan.
EM kgoto@perc.it-chiba.ac.jp
RI Szczucinski, Witold/A-3612-2008; Tappin, David/H-7010-2013; Jaffe,
Bruce/A-9979-2012; Fujino, Shigehiro /C-8846-2014
OI Szczucinski, Witold/0000-0003-2466-2263; Jaffe,
Bruce/0000-0002-8816-5920; Fujino, Shigehiro /0000-0003-2415-9764
NR 26
TC 111
Z9 112
U1 9
U2 56
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD DEC 1
PY 2011
VL 290
IS 1-4
BP 46
EP 50
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2011.10.004
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 901KH
UT WOS:000300965300005
ER
PT J
AU Laing, KJ
Hansen, JD
AF Laing, Kerry J.
Hansen, John D.
TI Fish T cells: Recent advances through genomics
SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE T cells; Th subsets; CTL; Teleost; Elasmobranch; Agnathan
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BASS DICENTRARCHUS-LABRAX;
TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CYPRINUS-CARPIO L.; GINBUNA CRUCIAN CARP;
RECEPTOR-BETA-CHAIN; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; FLOUNDER
PARALICHTHYS-OLIVACEUS; CARASSIUS-AURATUS-LANGSDORFII; TRANSCRIPTION
FACTOR GATA-3
AB This brief review is intended to provide a concise overview of the current literature concerning T cells, advances in identifying distinct T cell functional subsets, and in distinguishing effector cells from memory cells. We compare and contrast a wealth of recent progress made in T cell immunology of teleost, elasmobranch, and agnathan fish, to knowledge derived from mammalian T cell studies. From genome studies, fish clearly have most components associated with T cell function and we can speculate on the presence of putative T cell subsets, and the ability to detect their differentiation to form memory cells. Some recombinant proteins for T cell associated cytokines and antibodies for T cell surface receptors have been generated that will facilitate studying the functional roles of teleost T cells during immune responses. Although there is still a long way to go, major advances have occurred in recent years for investigating T cell responses, thus phenotypic and functional characterization is on the near horizon. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Hansen, John D.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Laing, Kerry J.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Vaccine & Infect Dis Div, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
[Hansen, John D.] Univ Washington, Interdisciplinary Program Pathobiol, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Hansen, JD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM jhansen@usgs.gov
RI Laing, Kerry/C-2211-2008
OI Laing, Kerry/0000-0001-9245-5325
FU US Geological Survey; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the
USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-005819]
FX The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for
the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not
constitute an official endorsement or approval by the U.S. Department of
Interior or the U.S. Geological Survey of any product or service to the
exclusion of others that may be suitable. This work was supported by
base funds from the US Geological Survey and Agriculture and Food
Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2009-005819 from the USDA
National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
NR 243
TC 42
Z9 44
U1 4
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0145-305X
J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL
JI Dev. Comp. Immunol.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 35
IS 12
SI SI
BP 1282
EP 1295
DI 10.1016/j.dci.2011.03.004
PG 14
WC Immunology; Zoology
SC Immunology; Zoology
GA 896BL
UT WOS:000300540300012
PM 21414347
ER
PT J
AU Bjerklie, DM
Trombley, TJ
Viger, RJ
AF Bjerklie, David M.
Trombley, Thomas J.
Viger, Roland J.
TI Simulations of Historical and Future Trends in Snowfall and Groundwater
Recharge for Basins Draining to Long Island Sound
SO EARTH INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Watershed modeling; Climate change; Groundwater recharge; Snowfall
trends; Groundwater recharge trends
ID REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; 3 MOUNTAINOUS BASINS;
WATER-RESOURCES; NEW-ENGLAND; HYDROLOGIC SIMULATIONS; POTENTIAL IMPACTS;
NORTH-AMERICA; RIVER-BASIN; PRECIPITATION
AB A regional watershed model was developed for watersheds contributing to Long Island Sound, including the Connecticut River basin. The study region covers approximately 40 900 km(2), extending from a moderate coastal climate zone in the south to a mountainous northern New England climate zone dominated by snowmelt in the north. The input data indicate that precipitation and temperature have been increasing for the last 46 years (1961-2006) across the region. Minimum temperature has increased more than maximum temperature over the same period (1961-2006). The model simulation indicates that there was an upward trend in groundwater recharge across most of the modeled region. However, trends in increasing precipitation and groundwater recharge are not significant at the 0.05 level if the drought of 1961-67 is removed from the time series. The trend in simulated snowfall is not significant across much of the region, although there is a significant downward trend in southeast Connecticut and in central Massachusetts. To simulate future trends, two input datasets, one assuming high carbon emissions and one assuming low carbon emissions, were developed from GCM forecasts. Under both of the carbon emission scenarios, simulations indicate that historical trends will continue, with increases in groundwater recharge over much of the region and substantial snowfall decreases across Massachusetts, Connecticut, southern Vermont, and southern New Hampshire. The increases in groundwater recharge and decreases in snowfall are most pronounced for the high emission scenario.
C1 [Bjerklie, David M.; Trombley, Thomas J.] US Geol Survey, Connecticut Water Sci Ctr, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA.
[Viger, Roland J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Bjerklie, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Connecticut Water Sci Ctr, 101 Pitkin St, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA.
EM dmbjerkl@usgs.gov
OI Viger, Roland/0000-0003-2520-714X
NR 65
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1087-3562
J9 EARTH INTERACT
JI Earth Interact.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 15
AR 34
DI 10.1175/2011EI374.1
PG 35
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 897AO
UT WOS:000300613200001
ER
PT J
AU Christiansen, DE
Markstrom, SL
Hay, LE
AF Christiansen, Daniel E.
Markstrom, Steven L.
Hay, Lauren E.
TI Impacts of Climate Change on the Growing Season in the United States
SO EARTH INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Growing season; Climate change; PRMS model
ID HYDROLOGIC MODEL; GROWTH; TRENDS; BASIN
AB Understanding the effects of climate change on the vegetative growing season is key to quantifying future hydrologic water budget conditions. The U. S. Geological Survey modeled changes in future growing season length at 14 basins across 11 states. Simulations for each basin were generated using five general circulation models with three emission scenarios as inputs to the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS). PRMS is a deterministic, distributed-parameter, watershed model developed to simulate the effects of various combinations of precipitation, climate, and land use on watershed response. PRMS was modified to include a growing season calculation in this study. The growing season was examined for trends in the total length (annual), as well as changes in the timing of onset (spring) and the end (fall) of the growing season. The results showed an increase in the annual growing season length in all 14 basins, averaging 27-47 days for the three emission scenarios. The change in the spring and fall growing season onset and end varied across the 14 basins, with larger increases in the total length of the growing season occurring in the mountainous regions and smaller increases occurring in the Midwest, Northeast, and Southeast regions. The Clear Creek basin, 1 of the 14 basins in this study, was evaluated to examine the growing season length determined by emission scenario, as compared to a growing season length fixed baseline condition. The Clear Creek basin showed substantial variation in hydrologic responses, including streamflow, as a result of growing season length determined by emission scenario.
C1 [Christiansen, Daniel E.] US Geol Survey, Iowa Water Sci Ctr, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA.
[Markstrom, Steven L.; Hay, Lauren E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Christiansen, DE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Iowa Water Sci Ctr, 400 S Clinton St, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA.
EM dechrist@usgs.gov
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 36
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1087-3562
J9 EARTH INTERACT
JI Earth Interact.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 15
AR 33
DI 10.1175/2011EI376.1
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 897AL
UT WOS:000300612900001
ER
PT J
AU Billman, EJ
Rasmussen, JE
Watson, J
AF Billman, Eric J.
Rasmussen, Josh E.
Watson, Jackie
TI EVALUATION OF RELEASE STRATEGIES FOR CAPTIVE-REARED JUNE SUCKER BASED ON
POSTSTOCKING SURVIVAL
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID STOCK ENHANCEMENT; REFUGE POPULATION; CHASMISTES-LIORUS; UTAH LAKE;
FISHES; GROWTH; CONSERVATION; CATOSTOMIDAE; PROPAGATION; RECOVERY
AB The recovery program for the endangered June sticker (Chasmistes horns) relies on population augmentation to overcome recruitment deficits. Successful recruitment of artificially propagated individuals is affected by release timing, release size, and rearing techniques. We examined the effect of release timing and release size (total length [TL] and a relative condition factor [W-r]) on recruitment probability of hatchery-reared June sucker (Utah Division of Wildlife Resources Fisheries Experiment Station [FES]) and captive-reared June sucker (Red Butte Reservoir [RBR] refuge population) stocked across multiple years. Because source and year effects were confounded, we assessed the probability of recruitment individually for each major stocking event (i.e., source x year combination). Successful recruitment occurred if an individual was recaptured or detected at least once during annual spawning runs up Utah Lake tributaries. For stocking events from RBR, probability of recruitment was highest in individuals stocked during spring and early summer but decreased as summer progressed. No difference existed between spring and fall stocking events. June sucker from the FES stocked in October had lower overall probability of recruitment than those stocked in August. The relationships between recruitment probability and TL and W-r for stocking events from RBR were hump shaped, with peaks at approximately 375 mm TL and 100%, respectively. For FES individuals, a positive relationship existed between recruitment probability and TL, for individuals stocked during August only; no relationship existed between the recruitment probability and W-r. Release timing and release size affected the recruitment success of captive-reared June sucker; therefore, recovery plans should incorporate these factors in augmentation efforts to maximize augmentation efficiency and success.
C1 [Billman, Eric J.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Rasmussen, Josh E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Klamath Fish & Wildlife Off, Klamath Falls, OR 97601 USA.
[Watson, Jackie] Cent Reg Off, Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Springville, UT 84663 USA.
RP Billman, EJ (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, 401 WIDB, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
EM ericbillman@gmail.com
RI huo, hongyao/D-1510-2012
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 11
PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 71
IS 4
BP 481
EP 489
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 895TZ
UT WOS:000300520600005
ER
PT J
AU Perry, G
Bertoluci, J
Bury, RB
Hansen, RW
Jehle, R
Measey, J
Moon, BR
Muths, E
Zuffi, MAL
AF Perry, Gad
Bertoluci, Jaime
Bury, R. Bruce
Hansen, Robert W.
Jehle, Robert
Measey, John
Moon, Brad R.
Muths, Erin
Zuffi, Marco A. L.
TI THE "PEER" IN "PEER REVIEW"
SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID GOLDEN-RULE
C1 [Perry, Gad] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Bertoluci, Jaime] Univ Sao Paulo, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Bury, R. Bruce] US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR USA.
[Jehle, Robert] Univ Salford, Manchester, England.
[Measey, John] Univ Western Cape, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa.
[Moon, Brad R.] Univ Louisiana, Lafayette, LA USA.
[Muths, Erin] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Zuffi, Marco A. L.] Univ Pisa, Museum Nat Hist, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
RP Perry, G (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM gad.perry@ttu.edu
RI Bertoluci, Jaime/C-2824-2012; Measey, G John/F-2028-2010; Zuffi,
Marco/J-6974-2013
OI Measey, G John/0000-0001-9939-7615;
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PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY
PI CORVALLIS
PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA
SN 1931-7603
J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO
JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 3
BP I
EP II
PG 2
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 893UO
UT WOS:000300382200001
ER
PT J
AU Fellers, GM
Cole, RA
Reinitz, DM
Kleeman, PM
AF Fellers, Gary M.
Cole, Rebecca A.
Reinitz, David M.
Kleeman, Patrick M.
TI AMPHIBIAN CHYTRID FUNGUS (BATRACHOCHYTRIUM DENDROBATIDIS) IN COASTAL AND
MONTANE CALIFORNIA, USA ANURANS
SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Amphibian chytrid; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Bufo; California;
Pseudacris regilla; Rana; Sierra Nevada
ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; YELLOW-LEGGED FROG; POPULATION DECLINES;
YOSEMITE TOADS; SIERRA-NEVADA; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; CONSERVATION; PATHOGEN;
EXTINCTIONS; PRIORITIES
AB We found amphibian chytrid fungus (Bd = Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) to be widespread within a coastal watershed at Point Reyes National Seashore, California and within two high elevation watersheds at Yosemite National Park, California. Bd was associated with all six species that we sampled (Bufo boreas, B. canorus, Pseudacris regilla, Rana draytonii, R. sierrae, and Lithobates catesbeianus). For those species sampled at 10 or more sites within a watershed, the percentage of Bd-positive sites varied from a low of 20.7% for P. regilla at one Yosemite watershed to a high of 79.6% for P. regilla at the Olema watershed at Point Reyes. At Olema, the percent of Bd-positive water bodies declined each year of our study (2005-2007). Because P. regilla was the only species found in all watersheds, we used that species to evaluate habitat variables related to the sites where P. regilla was Bd-positive. At Olema, significant variables were year, length of shoreline (perimeter), percentage cover of rooted vegetation, and water depth. At the two Yosemite watersheds, water depth, water temperature, and silt/mud were the most important covariates, though the importance of these three factors differed between the two watersheds. The presence of Bd in species that are not declining suggests that some of the amphibians in our study were innately resistant to Bd, or had developed resistance after Bd became established.
C1 [Fellers, Gary M.; Kleeman, Patrick M.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA.
[Cole, Rebecca A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Reinitz, David M.] Univ Wisconsin Biotron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Fellers, GM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA.
EM gary_fellers@usgs.gov
FU USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI)
FX We thank Michael Osbourn, Tom Kirk, Jennifer Dhundale, Suzanne Ehret,
Amy Cunkelman, David Dimitrie, Heyo Tjarks, and Nick Earley for
assistance with collection of chytrid swabs in the field. Donna Boyle
and Alex Hyatt kindly provided Bd DNA for preparation of genome
equivalents. Bill Perry provided assistance with the spatial analysis.
Lara Rachowicz provided helpful discussion during the design of the
project. Michael Adams, Joan Fellers, and Joyce Longcore provided many
useful comments on the manuscript. Point Reyes National Seashore and
Yosemite National Park provided logistical support. Fish and Wildlife
Service, California Department of Fish and Game, and the National Park
Service provided research permits for this project (permit numbers
TE844852-2, SC-00816, YOSE-2005-SCI-0013, YOSE-2006-SCI-0039, and
YOSE-2001-SCI-0003). This work was funded by the USGS Amphibian Research
and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI) and was facilitated by Lianne Ball. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This is
contribution number 392 of the U.S. Geological Survey Amphibian Research
and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI).
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PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY
PI CORVALLIS
PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA
SN 1931-7603
J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO
JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 3
BP 383
EP 394
PG 12
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 893UO
UT WOS:000300382200007
ER
PT J
AU Herr, CA
Sykes, PW
Klicka, J
AF Herr, Connie A.
Sykes, Paul W., Jr.
Klicka, John
TI Phylogeography of a vanishing North American songbird: the Painted
Bunting (Passerina ciris)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Passerina ciris; Painted Bunting; Phylogeography; ND2; Conservation
genetics
ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; POPULATION-GROWTH; CONSERVATION IMPLICATIONS;
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS; GENETICS; DIVERGENCE; MIGRATION; BIOGEOGRAPHY;
POLYMORPHISM; PERSPECTIVE
AB The breeding distribution of Painted Buntings (Passerina ciris) is comprised of two allopatric populations separated by a 550-km distributional gap in the southeastern United States. Curiously, the boundary between the two recognized P. ciris subspecies does not separate the two allopatric breeding populations but instead runs roughly through the center of the interior population. Genetic relationships among these subspecies, and the allopatric breeding populations of Painted Bunting, have not been assessed. Given the recent decline in overall abundance of this species, such an assessment is warranted. We sampled birds from 15 localities (138 individuals) and identified 35 distinct haplotypes, six belonging to the Atlantic Coast population and 26 to the interior population, with three shared by both populations. AMOVA results showed that a significantly greater portion of the total genetic variance is explained when grouping birds by the interior and Atlantic Coast populations rather than by subspecies. Furthermore, our data indicate that the Atlantic Coast and interior populations represent independently evolving taxa, with no measureable gene flow between them. Although recently diverged (26,000-115,000 years ago), these isolated bunting populations represent incipient species. For development of conservation strategies, we suggest that the Atlantic Coast and interior populations be recognized as separate management units.
C1 [Herr, Connie A.] Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
[Herr, Connie A.; Klicka, John] Univ Nevada, Marjorie Barrick Museum Nat Hist, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
[Sykes, Paul W., Jr.] Univ Georgia, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Warnell Sch Forest & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Herr, CA (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, 4505 Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
EM cherr@unlv.nevada.edu
FU Barrick Museum of Natural History; Graduate & Professional Student
Association of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas
FX Financial support for this project was provided by the Barrick Museum of
Natural History and the Graduate & Professional Student Association of
the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. We are grateful to Jeremy Batten
and Kyle Kacy for field assistance. The authors thank Mercedes Foster,
Stacy Mantooth, and Brian Smith for comments on an earlier version of
this manuscript.
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 12
IS 6
BP 1395
EP 1410
DI 10.1007/s10592-011-0237-6
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 889SG
UT WOS:000300092900001
ER
PT J
AU Drinan, DP
Kalinowski, ST
Vu, NV
Shepard, BB
Muhlfeld, CC
Campbell, MR
AF Drinan, Daniel P.
Kalinowski, Steven T.
Vu, Ninh V.
Shepard, Bradley B.
Muhlfeld, Clint C.
Campbell, Matthew R.
TI Genetic variation in westslope cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii
lewisi: implications for conservation
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Westslope cutthroat trout; Population structure; Microsatellites;
Conservation; Genetics
ID MICROSATELLITE LOCI; NULL ALLELES; SNAKE RIVER; HYBRIDIZATION;
EVOLUTIONARY; DISTANCES; IDAHO; DIFFERENTIATION; RAREFACTION; SALMON
AB Twenty-five populations of westslope cutthroat trout from throughout their native range were genotyped at 20 microsatellite loci to describe the genetic structure of westslope cutthroat trout. The most genetic diversity (heterozygosity, allelic richness, and private alleles) existed in populations from the Snake River drainage, while populations from the Missouri River drainage had the least. Neighbor-joining trees grouped populations according to major river drainages. A great amount of genetic differentiation was present among and within all drainages. Based on Nei's D-S, populations in the Snake River were the most differentiated, while populations in the Missouri River were the least. This pattern of differentiation is consistent with a history of sequential founding events through which westslope cutthroat trout may have experienced a genetic bottleneck as they colonized each river basin from the Snake to the Clark Fork to the Missouri river. These data should serve as a starting point for a discussion on management units and possible distinct population segments. Given the current threats to the persistence of westslope cutthroat trout, and the substantial genetic differentiation between populations, these topics warrant attention.
C1 [Drinan, Daniel P.; Shepard, Bradley B.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Kalinowski, Steven T.; Vu, Ninh V.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Muhlfeld, Clint C.] US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, W Glacier, MT 59936 USA.
[Campbell, Matthew R.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Boise, ID 83707 USA.
RP Drinan, DP (reprint author), 1122 NE Boat St,POB 355020, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM ddrinan@uw.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0717456]
FX This research was funded by National Science Foundation grant DEB
0717456. Thanks to Robb Leary, Paul Spruell, and Jim Mogen for samples.
Thanks to Matt Boyer and two anonymous reviewers. Their suggestions
greatly improved the manuscript.
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 12
IS 6
BP 1513
EP 1523
DI 10.1007/s10592-011-0249-2
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 889SG
UT WOS:000300092900010
ER
PT J
AU Pittman, SE
King, TL
Faurby, S
Dorcas, ME
AF Pittman, Shannon E.
King, Timothy L.
Faurby, Soren
Dorcas, Michael E.
TI Demographic and genetic status of an isolated population of bog turtles
(Glyptemys muhlenbergii): implications for managing small populations of
long-lived animals
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Wetland management; Conservation; Bog turtle; Genetics; Inbreeding;
Isolation
ID MICROSATELLITE DNA VARIATION; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION;
CLEMMYS-MUHLENBERGII; MARKED ANIMALS; HOME-RANGE; CONSERVATION;
SURVIVAL; DECLINE; EXTINCTION; DIVERSITY
AB In this study, we sought to determine the population stability and genetic diversity of one isolated population of the federally-threatened bog turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) in North Carolina. Using capture-recapture data, we estimated adult survival and population growth rate from 1992 to 2007. We found that the population decreased from an estimated 36 adult turtles in 1994 to approximately 11 adult turtles in 2007. We found a constant adult survival of 0.893 (SE = 0.018, 95% confidence interval, 0.853-0.924) between 1992 and 2007. Using 18 microsatellite markers, we compared the genetic status of this population with five other bog turtle populations. The target population displayed allelic richness (4.8 +/- 0.5) and observed heterozygosity (0.619 +/- 0.064) within the range of the other bog turtle populations. Coalescent analysis of population growth rate, effective population size, and timing of population structuring event also indicated the genetics of the target population were comparable to the other populations studied. Estimates of effective population size were a proportion of the census size in all populations except the target population, in which the effective population size was larger than the census size (30 turtles vs. 11 turtles). We attribute the high genetic diversity in the target population to the presence of multiple generations of old turtles. This study illustrates that the demographic status of populations of long-lived species may not be reflected genetically if a decline occurred recently. Consequently, the genetic integrity of populations of long-lived animals experiencing rapid demographic bottlenecks may be preserved through conservation efforts effective in addressing demographic problems.
C1 [Pittman, Shannon E.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Pittman, Shannon E.; Dorcas, Michael E.] Davidson Coll, Dept Biol, Davidson, NC 28035 USA.
[King, Timothy L.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Faurby, Soren] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Pittman, SE (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, 212 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM sepqp8@mail.missouri.edu
OI Faurby, Soren/0000-0002-2974-2628
FU North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission; The Catawba Lands
Conservancy; The US Fish and Wildlife Service; National Science
Foundation [DEB-0347326]; Department of Biology at Davidson College;
USGS; USGS-Leetown Science Center's Aquatic Ecology Branch
FX For their assistance in the field, we thank: J. Beane, J. Dorcas, T.
Dorcas, Z. Dorcas, G. Connette, A. Hamilton, L. A. Harden, A. Jendrek,
C. Kiss, A. Martens, A. Mercadante, D. Pittman, S. Price, T. Thorp, G.
Graeter, J. Humphries, J. Marcus, and S. Wilson. For their assistance
with data analysis and presentation, we thank J. D. Willson, B. Todd,
and S. Price. For comments on the manuscript, we thank R. Semlitsch, T.
Luhring, W. Peterman, and G. Connette. We also thank J. Green for his
assistance in the field, expert advice, and help in acquiring historical
data. We thank D. Herman for detailed datasheets, advice, and support of
the project. Thanks to G. Graeter and L. Williams for field equipment,
advice, and support. Also, thanks to A. Somers for her advice, support,
and help acquiring historical data. For financial support, we thank the
North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission, The Catawba Lands
Conservancy (S. Wilson), The US Fish and Wildlife Service (L. Fogo), a
National Science Foundation grant (DEB-0347326) to MED, and the
Department of Biology at Davidson College. We would also like to thank
The USGS State Partnership Program and the USGS-Leetown Science Center's
Aquatic Ecology Branch for providing partial funding support for this
research and M. Eackles (USGS-Leetown Science Center) for performing the
molecular genetic analyses. This research was conducted under permits
issued by the North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission and was
approved by the Davidson College Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee.
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PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 12
IS 6
BP 1589
EP 1601
DI 10.1007/s10592-011-0257-2
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 889SG
UT WOS:000300092900016
ER
PT J
AU Kertson, BN
Spencer, RD
Marzluff, JM
Hepinstall-Cymerman, J
Grue, CE
AF Kertson, Brian N.
Spencer, Rocky D.
Marzluff, John M.
Hepinstall-Cymerman, Jeff
Grue, Christian E.
TI Cougar space use and movements in the wildland-urban landscape of
western Washington
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE cougar; interaction; Puma concolor; resource utilization functions
(RUF); space use; Washington State; USA; wildland-urban interface
ID GPS COLLAR PERFORMANCE; BLACK-TAILED DEER; HOME-RANGE; SOUTHERN
CALIFORNIA; MOUNTAIN LIONS; NATIONAL-PARK; HABITAT USE; UTILIZATION
DISTRIBUTIONS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SPATIAL ECOLOGY
AB The wildland-urban interface lies at the confluence of human-dominated and wild landscapes, creating a number of management and conservation challenges. Because wildlife ecology, behavior, and evolution at this interface are shaped by both natural and human phenomena, this requires greater understanding of how diverse factors affect ecosystem and population processes. We illustrate the challenge of understanding and managing a frequent and often undesired inhabitant of the wildland-urban landscape, the cougar (Puma concolor). In wildland and residential areas of western Washington State, USA, we captured and radiotracked 27 cougars to model space use and understand the role of landscape features in interactions (sightings, encounters, and depredations) between cougars and humans. Resource utilization functions (RUFs) identified cougar use of areas with features that were probably attractive to prey, influential on prey vulnerability, and associated with limited or no residential development. Early-successional forest (+), conifer forest (+), distance to road ( ), residential density ( ), and elevation ( ) were significant positive and negative predictors of use for the population, whereas use of other landscape features was highly variable. Space use and movement rates in wildland and residential areas were similar because cougars used wildland-like forest patches, reserves, and corridors in residential portions of their home range. The population RUF was a good predictor of confirmed cougar interactions, with 72% of confirmed reports occurring in the 50% of the landscape predicted to be medium-high and high cougar use areas. We believe that there is a threshold residential density at which the level of development modifies the habitat but maintains enough wildland characteristics to encourage moderate levels of cougar use and maximize the probability of interaction. Wildlife managers trying to reduce interactions between cougars and people should incorporate information on spatial ecology and landscape characteristics to identify areas with the highest overlap of human and cougar use to focus management, education, and landscape planning. Resource utilization functions provide a proactive tool to guide these activities for improved coexistence with wildlife using both wildland and residential portions of the landscape.
C1 [Kertson, Brian N.; Marzluff, John M.] Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Spencer, Rocky D.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Issaquah, WA 98027 USA.
[Hepinstall-Cymerman, Jeff] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Grue, Christian E.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fisheries Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Kertson, BN (reprint author), Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, 16018 Mill Creek Blvd, Mill Creek, WA 98012 USA.
EM brian.kertson@dfw.wa.gov
FU Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; University of Washington
FX We thank B. Richards, M. White, and the Washington Department of Fish
and Wildlife Detachment 10 personnel for invaluable field assistance, J.
Millspaugh for guidance on use of the Plug-In bandwidth estimator, and
B. Maletzke, R. Beausoleil, and G. Koehler for input on all aspects of
our investigation. We also thank the Washington Department of Natural
Resources, King County Parks, Seattle Public Utilities, Tacoma Water,
Hancock Forest Management, Fruit Growers Supply, and countless private
landowners for graciously providing access to their lands. Reviews by H.
Robinson, P. Beier, S. Riley, and one anonymous reviewer greatly
improved the quality of the manuscript. Funding and logistical support
were provided by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife and the
University of Washington. Mention of trade names or suppliers does not
constitute endorsement by the federal government.
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PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 8
BP 2866
EP 2881
PG 16
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 877GU
UT WOS:000299166300003
ER
PT J
AU Monson, DH
Doak, DF
Ballachey, BE
Bodkin, JL
AF Monson, Daniel H.
Doak, Daniel F.
Ballachey, Brenda E.
Bodkin, James L.
TI Could residual oil from the Exxon Valdez spill create a long-term
population "sink" for sea otters in Alaska?
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE AIC; ecological risk assessment; Enhydra lutris; oil spills; Prince
William Sound; Alaska; USA; sea otter; source-sink models
ID PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; HARLEQUIN DUCKS; FOREST FRAGMENTS;
WINTER SURVIVAL; KODIAK ISLAND; PERSISTENCE; RECOVERY; BEACHES;
CONTAMINATION
AB Over 20 years ago, the Exxon Valdez oil tanker spilled 42 million L of crude oil into the waters of Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA. At the time of the spill, the sea otter (Enhydra lutris) population inhabiting the spill area suffered substantial acute injuries and loss. Subsequent research has resulted in one of the best-studied species responses to an oil spill in history. However, the question remains: Is the spill still influencing the Prince William Sound sea otter population? Here we fit time-varying population models to data for the sea otter population of western Prince William Sound to quantify the duration and extent of mortality effects from the spill. We hypothesize that the patchy nature of residual oil left in the environment has created a source-sink population dynamic. We fit models using the age distributions of both living and dying animals and estimates of sea otter population size to predict the number of sea otters in the hypothesized sink population and the number lost to this sink due to chronic exposure to residual oil. Our results suggest that the sink population has remained at just over 900 individuals (95% CI: 606-960) between 1990 and 2009, during which time prime-age survival remained 2-6% below pre-spill levels. This reduced survival led to chronic losses of; 900 animals over the past two decades, which is similar in magnitude to the number of sea otter deaths documented in western Prince William Sound during the acute phase of the spill. However, the unaffected source population appears to be counterbalancing these losses, with the model indicating that the sea otter population increased from; 2150 individuals in 1990 to nearly 3000 in 2009. The most optimistic interpretation of our results suggests that mortality effects dissipated between 2005 and 2007. Our results suggest that residual oil can affect wildlife populations on time scales much longer than previously believed and that cumulative chronic effects can be as significant as acute effects. Further, source-sink population dynamics can explain the slow recovery observed in the spill-affected western Prince William Sound sea otter population and are consistent with available data.
C1 [Monson, Daniel H.; Ballachey, Brenda E.; Bodkin, James L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Doak, Daniel F.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Monson, DH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM dmonson@usgs.gov
RI Monson, Daniel/N-4469-2013
OI Monson, Daniel/0000-0002-4593-5673
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council
FX This research was supported primarily by the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
Trustee Council. However, the findings and conclusions do not
necessarily reflect the views or position of the Trustee Council. Any
use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
represent endorsement by the U.S. government. Carcasses collections were
conducted by walking countless miles of beach each spring beginning in
the 1970s under the direction of Ancel Johnson (USFWS, retired).
Follow-up collections began in the spring of 1990 following the EVOS;
many people assisted in these efforts including D. Bruden, H. Coletti,
T. Dean, J. DeGroot, J. de la Bruere, A. Doroff, G. Esslinger, M.
Fedorko, C. Gorbics, K. Kloecker, K. Modla, K. Millstein, and C.
Robbins, among others. We thank P. Kearney for safely piloting many
hundreds of hours over nearly 20 years of flying sea otter surveys. We
also thank M. Udevitz, J. Bromaghin, T. Tinker, and two anonymous
reviewers for valuable reviews.
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PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 8
BP 2917
EP 2932
PG 16
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 877GU
UT WOS:000299166300007
ER
PT J
AU Ebinger, M
Cross, P
Wallen, R
White, PJ
Treanor, J
AF Ebinger, Mike
Cross, Paul
Wallen, Rick
White, P. J.
Treanor, John
TI Simulating sterilization, vaccination, and test-and-remove as
brucellosis control measures in bison
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE bison; Brucella abortus; brucellosis; herd immunity; sterilization;
superspreading; vaccination; Yellowstone
ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; WHITE-TAILED DEER; ABORTUS STRAIN RB51;
FREE-RANGING ELK; IMMUNOCONTRACEPTIVE VACCINE; WILDLIFE; ECOSYSTEM;
RISK; CONTRACEPTION; TRANSMISSION
AB Brucella abortus, the causative agent of bovine brucellosis, infects wildlife, cattle, and humans worldwide, but management of the disease is often hindered by the logistics of controlling its prevalence in wildlife reservoirs. We used an individually based epidemiological model to assess the relative efficacies of three management interventions (sterilization, vaccination, and test-and-remove). The model was parameterized with demographic and epidemiological data from bison in Yellowstone National Park, USA. Sterilization and test-and-remove were most successful at reducing seroprevalence when they were targeted at young seropositive animals, which are the most likely age and sex category to be infectious. However, these approaches also required the most effort to implement. Vaccination was less effective (even with a perfect vaccine) but also required less effort to implement. For the treatment efforts we explored (50-100 individuals per year or 2.5-5% of the female population), sterilization had little impact upon the bison population growth rate when selectively applied. The population growth rate usually increased by year 25 due to the reduced number of Brucella-induced abortions. Initial declines in seroprevalence followed by rapid increases (>= 15% increase in 5 years) occurred in 3-13% of simulations with sterilization and test-and-remove, but not vaccination. We believe this is due to the interaction of superspreading events and the loss of herd immunity in the later stages of control efforts as disease prevalence declines. Sterilization provided a mechanism for achieving large disease reductions while simultaneously limiting population growth, which may be advantageous in some management scenarios. However, the field effort required to find the small segment of the population that is infectious rather than susceptible or recovered will likely limit the utility of this approach in many free-ranging wildlife populations. Nevertheless, we encourage scientists and policy makers to consider sterilization as part of a suite of available brucellosis management tools.
C1 [Ebinger, Mike] Montana State Univ, Big Sky Inst, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Cross, Paul] US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Wallen, Rick; White, P. J.; Treanor, John] Natl Pk Serv, Yellowstone Natl Pk, WY 82190 USA.
RP Ebinger, M (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Big Sky Inst, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM mrebinger@hotmail.com
RI Cross, Paul/K-6987-2012
OI Cross, Paul/0000-0001-8045-5213
FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. National Park Service; National Science
Foundation-National Institutes of Health Ecology of Infectious Disease
[DEB-1067129]
FX We thank J. Powers, National Park Service, for information regarding
fertility control products. J. Cunningham, Montana Fish, Wildlife and
Parks, graciously provided vital rates and stable age distribution
information for model development. E. Almberg, A. Brennan, T. Creech, J.
Jones, K. Manlove, and R. Plowright provided valuable feedback during
the entire process. E. Cole and M. Conner provided useful comments on
earlier drafts, and several anonymous reviewers provided excellent
comments that greatly improved the final manuscript. Financial support
for this project was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S.
National Park Service, and the National Science Foundation-National
Institutes of Health Ecology of Infectious Disease program (DEB-1067129)
and facilitated by the Rocky Mountains Cooperative Ecosystem Studies
Unit at the University of Montana and the Big Sky Institute at Montana
State University. The views and opinions in this article are those of
the authors and should not be construed to represent any views,
determinations, or policies of the U.S. Government. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 67
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U2 39
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 8
BP 2944
EP 2959
PG 16
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 877GU
UT WOS:000299166300009
ER
PT J
AU Samuel, MD
Hobbelen, PHF
DeCastro, F
Ahumada, JA
Lapointe, DA
Atkinson, CT
Woodworth, BL
Hart, PJ
Duffy, DC
AF Samuel, Michael D.
Hobbelen, Peter H. F.
DeCastro, Francisco
Ahumada, Jorge A.
Lapointe, Dennis A.
Atkinson, Carter T.
Woodworth, Bethany L.
Hart, Patrick J.
Duffy, David C.
TI The dynamics, transmission, and population impacts of avian malaria in
native Hawaiian birds: a modeling approach
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE climate; Culex quinquefasciatus; Hemignathus virens; Himatione
sanguinea; mosquitoes; Plasmodium relictum; rainfall; SIR model;
temperature; Vestiaria coccinea; wildlife disease; Zosterops japonicus
ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; APAPANE HIMATIONE-SANGUINEA; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
PLASMODIUM-RELICTUM; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; SEROLOGICAL RESPONSES; HUMAN
HEALTH; LAND-USE; WILDLIFE; AMAKIHI
AB We developed an epidemiological model of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) across an altitudinal gradient on the island of Hawaii that includes the dynamics of the host, vector, and parasite. This introduced mosquito-borne disease is hypothesized to have contributed to extinctions and major shifts in the altitudinal distribution of highly susceptible native forest birds. Our goal was to better understand how biotic and abiotic factors influence the intensity of malaria transmission and impact on susceptible populations of native Hawaiian forest birds. Our model illustrates key patterns in the malaria-forest bird system: high malaria transmission in low-elevation forests with minor seasonal or annual variation in infection; episodic transmission in mid-elevation forests with site-to-site, seasonal, and annual variation depending on mosquito dynamics; and disease refugia in high-elevation forests with only slight risk of infection during summer. These infection patterns are driven by temperature and rainfall effects on parasite incubation period and mosquito dynamics across an elevational gradient and the availability of larval habitat, especially in mid-elevation forests. The results from our model suggest that disease is likely a key factor in causing population decline or restricting the distribution of many susceptible Hawaiian species and preventing the recovery of other vulnerable species. The model also provides a framework for the evaluation of factors influencing disease transmission and alternative disease control programs, and to evaluate the impact of climate change on disease cycles and bird populations.
C1 [Samuel, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Hobbelen, Peter H. F.; DeCastro, Francisco] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Ahumada, Jorge A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Lapointe, Dennis A.; Atkinson, Carter T.; Woodworth, Bethany L.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
[Hart, Patrick J.] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Cooperat Studies Unit, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Duffy, David C.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Samuel, MD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM mdsamuel@wisc.edu
RI Barley, Kamal/F-9579-2011; de Castro, Francisco/G-2213-2011;
OI Barley, Kamal/0000-0003-1874-9813; LaPointe, Dennis/0000-0002-6323-263X
FU The U.S. Geological Survey Wildlife and Invasive Species Programs; NSF
[DEB 0083944]
FX The U.S. Geological Survey Wildlife and Invasive Species Programs and
NSF biocomplexity grant DEB 0083944 provided financial support. N.
Vakharia and M. Martinez provided assistance with the analysis and
mapping of climate data. We thank the many technicians and interns who
contributed to the field and laboratory components of this project. We
thank E. Osnas, M. Thomas, and several anonymous reviewers for their
helpful comments. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 52
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U1 5
U2 77
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 8
BP 2960
EP 2973
PG 14
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 877GU
UT WOS:000299166300010
ER
PT J
AU Strecker, AL
Olden, JD
Whittier, JB
Paukert, CP
AF Strecker, Angela L.
Olden, Julian D.
Whittier, Joanna B.
Paukert, Craig P.
TI Defining conservation priorities for freshwater fishes according to
taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE anthropogenic stressors; desert rivers; endangered species; Lower
Colorado River Basin; restoration; systematic conservation planning
ID COLORADO RIVER-BASIN; ADAPTIVE REGRESSION SPLINES; BIODIVERSITY
CONSERVATION; EXTINCTION RISK; CHANGING WORLD; DESERT FISHES;
CHALLENGES; MODELS; AREAS; GAP
AB To date, the predominant use of systematic conservation planning has been to evaluate and conserve areas of high terrestrial biodiversity. Although studies in freshwater ecosystems have received recent attention, research has rarely considered the potential trade-offs between protecting different dimensions of biodiversity and the ecological processes that maintain diversity. We provide the first systematic prioritization for freshwaters (focusing on the highly threatened and globally distinct fish fauna of the Lower Colorado River Basin, USA) simultaneously considering scenarios of: taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity; contemporary threats to biodiversity (including interactions with nonnative species); and future climate change and human population growth. There was 75% congruence between areas of highest conservation priority for different aspects of biodiversity, suggesting that conservation efforts can concurrently achieve strong complementarity among all types of diversity. However, sizable fractions of the landscape were incongruent across conservation priorities for different diversity scenarios, underscoring the importance of considering multiple dimensions of biodiversity and highlighting catchments that contribute disproportionately to taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity in the region. Regions of projected human population growth were not concordant with conservation priorities; however, higher human population abundance will likely have indirect effects on native biodiversity by increasing demand for water. This will come in direct conflict with projected reductions in precipitation and warmer temperatures, which have substantial overlap with regions of high contemporary diversity. Native and endemic fishes in arid ecosystems are critically endangered by both current and future threats, but our results highlight the use of systematic conservation planning for the optimal allocation of limited resources that incorporates multiple and complementary conservation values describing taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity.
C1 [Strecker, Angela L.; Olden, Julian D.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Paukert, Craig P.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP Strecker, AL (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
EM strecker@pdx.edu
RI Strecker, Angela/E-9430-2016;
OI Strecker, Angela/0000-0001-9387-1654; Olden, Julian/0000-0003-2143-1187
FU USGS; Missouri Department of Conservation; University of Missouri; U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Wildlife Management
Institute
FX We thank P. Angermeier, D. Magoulick, H. Kujala, D. Lawrence, T. Pool,
and two anonymous reviewers for constructive feedback. Funding was
provided by the USGS Status and Trends Program and the USGS National Gap
Analysis Program. We thank the Desert Fish Habitat Partnership for input
and comments on this research. The use of trade, product, industry names
or products does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Government,
the U.S. Geological Survey, or other sponsoring or participating
agencies. The Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
sponsored by the Missouri Department of Conservation, the University of
Missouri, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Geological
Survey, and the Wildlife Management Institute.
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U2 88
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 8
BP 3002
EP 3013
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 877GU
UT WOS:000299166300013
ER
PT J
AU Marschall, EA
Mather, ME
Parrish, DL
Allison, GW
McMenemy, JR
AF Marschall, Elizabeth A.
Mather, Martha E.
Parrish, Donna L.
Allison, Gary W.
McMenemy, James R.
TI Migration delays caused by anthropogenic barriers: modeling dams,
temperature, and success of migrating salmon smolts
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic salmon; Connecticut River; USA; current speed; dams; migration;
migration barriers; migration delay; movement barriers; river
temperature; Salmo salar; smolts
ID ATLANTIC SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER; SALAR SMOLTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STREAM
ECOSYSTEMS; ANADROMOUS FISH; PACIFIC SALMON; AMERICAN SHAD; TRUTTA L.;
SEA-TROUT
AB Disruption to migration is a growing problem for conservation and restoration of animal populations. Anthropogenic barriers along migration paths can delay or prolong migrations, which may result in a mismatch with migration-timing adaptations. To understand the interaction of dams (as barriers along a migration path), seasonally changing environmental conditions, timing of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) downstream migration, and ultimate migration success, we used 10 years of river temperature and discharge data as a template upon which we simulated downstream movement of salmon. Atlantic salmon is a cool-water species whose downstream migrating smolts must complete migration before river temperatures become too warm. We found that dams had a local effect on survival as well as a survival effect that was spatially and temporally removed from the encounter with the dam. While smolts are delayed by dams, temperatures downstream can reach lethal or near-lethal temperatures; as a result, the match between completion of migration and the window of appropriate migration conditions can be disrupted. The strength of this spatially and temporally removed effect is at least comparable to the local effects of dams in determining smolt migration success in the presence of dams. We also considered smolts from different tributaries, varying in distance from the river mouth, to assess the potential importance of locally adapted migration timing on the effect of barriers. Migration-initiation temperature affected modeled smolt survival differentially across tributaries, with the success of smolts from upstream tributaries being much more variable across years than that of smolts with a shorter distance to travel. As a whole, these results point to the importance of broadening our spatial and temporal view when managing migrating populations. We must consider not only how many individuals never make it across migration barriers, but also the spatially and temporally removed consequences of delays at the barriers for those individuals that successfully navigate them.
C1 [Marschall, Elizabeth A.; Allison, Gary W.] Ohio State Univ, Aquat Ecol Lab, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43212 USA.
[Mather, Martha E.] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01002 USA.
[Parrish, Donna L.] Univ Vermont, US Geol Survey, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Aiken Ctr 312,Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resou, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[McMenemy, James R.] Vermont Fish & Wildlife Dept, Springfield, VT 05156 USA.
RP Marschall, EA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Aquat Ecol Lab, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43212 USA.
EM marschall.2@osu.edu
RI Marschall, Elizabeth/A-1608-2014
OI Marschall, Elizabeth/0000-0002-8026-4203
FU National Marine Fisheries Service
FX This project was funded by the National Marine Fisheries Service
Inter-Jurisdictional Funds. The Vermont Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit is jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey,
Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife, the University of Vermont, and
the Wildlife Management Institute. The Massachusetts Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit is an association among the Department of
Natural Resources Conservation at the University of Massachusetts, the
U.S. Geological Survey, the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries,
the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, and the Wildlife
Management Institute. Use of brand names does not confer endorsement by
the U.S. federal government.
NR 63
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U1 16
U2 117
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PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 8
BP 3014
EP 3031
PG 18
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 877GU
UT WOS:000299166300014
ER
PT J
AU Pardo, LH
Fenn, ME
Goodale, CL
Geiser, LH
Driscoll, CT
Allen, EB
Baron, JS
Bobbink, R
Bowman, WD
Clark, CM
Emmett, B
Gilliam, FS
Greaver, TL
Hall, SJ
Lilleskov, EA
Liu, LL
Lynch, JA
Nadelhoffer, KJ
Perakis, SS
Robin-Abbott, MJ
Stoddard, JL
Weathers, KC
Dennis, RL
AF Pardo, Linda H.
Fenn, Mark E.
Goodale, Christine L.
Geiser, Linda H.
Driscoll, Charles T.
Allen, Edith B.
Baron, Jill S.
Bobbink, Roland
Bowman, William D.
Clark, Christopher M.
Emmett, Bridget
Gilliam, Frank S.
Greaver, Tara L.
Hall, Sharon J.
Lilleskov, Erik A.
Liu, Lingli
Lynch, Jason A.
Nadelhoffer, Knute J.
Perakis, Steven S.
Robin-Abbott, Molly J.
Stoddard, John L.
Weathers, Kathleen C.
Dennis, Robin L.
TI Effects of nitrogen deposition and empirical nitrogen critical loads for
ecoregions of the United States
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE air pollution; atmospheric N deposition; biodiversity; community shifts;
natural resource protection; nitrate leaching; nitrogen saturation;
plant nitrogen cycling; vegetation type conversion
ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; TEMPERATE FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; SAN-BERNARDINO
MOUNTAINS; CHRONIC N FERTILIZATION; CRITICAL ACID LOADS;
SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; ALPINE LAKES; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; HERBACEOUS
LAYER; RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS
AB Human activity in the last century has led to a significant increase in nitrogen (N) emissions and atmospheric deposition. This N deposition has reached a level that has caused or is likely to cause alterations to the structure and function of many ecosystems across the United States. One approach for quantifying the deposition of pollution that would be harmful to ecosystems is the determination of critical loads. A critical load is defined as the input of a pollutant below which no detrimental ecological effects occur over the long-term according to present knowledge.
The objectives of this project were to synthesize current research relating atmospheric N deposition to effects on terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems in the United States, and to estimate associated empirical N critical loads. The receptors considered included freshwater diatoms, mycorrhizal fungi, lichens, bryophytes, herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees. Ecosystem impacts included: (1) biogeochemical responses and (2) individual species, population, and community responses. Biogeochemical responses included increased N mineralization and nitrification (and N availability for plant and microbial uptake), increased gaseous N losses (ammonia volatilization, nitric and nitrous oxide from nitrification and denitrification), and increased N leaching. Individual species, population, and community responses included increased tissue N, physiological and nutrient imbalances, increased growth, altered root : shoot ratios, increased susceptibility to secondary stresses, altered fire regime, shifts in competitive interactions and community composition, changes in species richness and other measures of biodiversity, and increases in invasive species.
The range of critical loads for nutrient N reported for U.S. ecoregions, inland surface waters, and freshwater wetlands is 1-39 kg N-ha(-1).yr(-1), spanning the range of N deposition observed over most of the country. The empirical critical loads for N tend to increase in the following sequence for different life forms: diatoms, lichens and bryophytes, mycorrhizal fungi, herbaceous plants and shrubs, and trees.
The critical load approach is an ecosystem assessment tool with great potential to simplify complex scientific information and communicate effectively with the policy community and the public. This synthesis represents the first comprehensive assessment of empirical critical loads of N for major ecoregions across the United States.
C1 [Pardo, Linda H.; Robin-Abbott, Molly J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA.
[Fenn, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
[Goodale, Christine L.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Geiser, Linda H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA.
[Driscoll, Charles T.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
[Allen, Edith B.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Baron, Jill S.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Bobbink, Roland] B WARE Res Ctr, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Bowman, William D.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Clark, Christopher M.; Lynch, Jason A.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Emmett, Bridget] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales.
[Gilliam, Frank S.] Marshall Univ, Huntington, WV 25755 USA.
[Greaver, Tara L.; Liu, Lingli; Dennis, Robin L.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Hall, Sharon J.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Lilleskov, Erik A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Nadelhoffer, Knute J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Perakis, Steven S.] US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Stoddard, John L.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Weathers, Kathleen C.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA.
RP Pardo, LH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 705 Spear St, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA.
EM lpardo@fs.fed.us
RI Liu, Lingli/A-7771-2008; Emmett, Bridget/D-6199-2011; Hall,
Sharon/K-7893-2012; Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; Baron,
Jill/C-5270-2016;
OI Liu, Lingli/0000-0002-5696-3151; Emmett, Bridget/0000-0002-2713-4389;
Baron, Jill/0000-0002-5902-6251; Stoddard, John/0000-0002-2537-6130;
Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890
FU US-EPA Clean Air Markets Division [DW-12-92196101]; USDA; UCR Center for
Conservation Biology; NSF [DEB 04-21530]
FX This project was funded, in part, by the US-EPA Clean Air Markets
Division, DW-12-92196101. Initial work on this project was funded by the
USDA Forest Service Air Resource Management Program. Funding was
provided by the UCR Center for Conservation Biology and NSF grant DEB
04-21530. We thank Amanda Elliot Lindsey and Robert Johnson for their
assistance in creating deposition and critical loads maps. We thank
Sabine Braun, Doug Burns, and Jim Sickman for their reviews of an
earlier version of the manuscript. We thank Sabine Braun for the concept
for Fig. 8. We appreciate the comments of two anonymous reviewers.
NR 175
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U2 272
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 8
BP 3049
EP 3082
PG 34
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 877GU
UT WOS:000299166300016
ER
PT J
AU Riseng, CM
Wiley, MJ
Black, RW
Munn, MD
AF Riseng, C. M.
Wiley, M. J.
Black, R. W.
Munn, M. D.
TI Impacts of agricultural land use on biological integrity: a causal
analysis
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE agriculture; causal analysis; invertebrate community; land use;
structural equation modeling; water quality
ID STREAM WATER-QUALITY; GULF-OF-MEXICO; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; UNITED-STATES;
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; NUTRIENT CRITERIA; GEOGRAPHIC
SCALES; HABITAT QUALITY; RIPARIAN ZONES
AB Agricultural land use has often been linked to nutrient enrichment, habitat degradation, hydrologic alteration, and loss of biotic integrity in streams. The U. S. Geological Survey's National Water Quality Assessment Program sampled 226 stream sites located in eight agriculture-dominated study units across the United States to investigate the geographic variability and causes of agricultural impacts on stream biotic integrity. In this analysis we used structural equation modeling (SEM) to develop a national and set of regional causal models linking agricultural land use to measured instream conditions. We then examined the direct, indirect, and total effects of agriculture on biotic integrity as it acted through multiple water quality and habitat pathways. In our nation-wide model, cropland affected benthic communities by both altering structural habitats and by imposing water quality-related stresses. Region-specific modeling demonstrated that geographic context altered the relative importance of causal pathways through which agricultural activities affected stream biotic integrity. Cropland had strong negative total effects on the invertebrate community in the national, Midwest, and Western models, but a very weak effect in the Eastern Coastal Plain model. In the Western Arid and Eastern Coastal Plain study regions, cropland impacts were transmitted primarily through dissolved water quality contaminants, but in the Midwestern region, they were transmitted primarily through particulate components of water quality. Habitat effects were important in the Western Arid model, but negligible in the Midwest and Eastern Coastal Plain models. The relative effects of riparian forested wetlands also varied regionally, having positive effects on biotic integrity in the Eastern Coastal Plain and Western Arid region models, but no statistically significant effect in the Midwest. These differences in response to cropland and riparian cover suggest that best management practices and planning for the mitigation of agricultural land use impacts on stream ecosystems should be regionally focused.
C1 [Riseng, C. M.; Wiley, M. J.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Black, R. W.; Munn, M. D.] US Geol Survey, Washington Water Sci Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
RP Riseng, CM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM criseng@umich.edu
RI Wiley, Michael/A-6853-2012
FU U.S. Geological Survey; School of Natural Resources and Environment,
University of Michigan [07WRAG0008]
FX We thank the many USGS scientists and technicians who were involved in
the collection, assembly, and analysis of these data as part of this
U.S. Geological Survey NAWQA study. Our special thanks also to I. Waite,
R. J. Stevenson, R. Pillsbury, and M. Baker for their input during the
preparation of this paper. We appreciate several reviewers for
constructive comments that much improved the manuscript. The work
reported here was supported by a cooperative agreement between the U.S.
Geological Survey and the School of Natural Resources and Environment,
University of Michigan (M. J. Wiley, principal investigator;
07WRAG0008).
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PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 8
BP 3128
EP 3146
PG 19
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 877GU
UT WOS:000299166300020
ER
PT J
AU Martin, J
Royle, JA
Mackenzie, DI
Edwards, HH
Kery, M
Gardner, B
AF Martin, Julien
Royle, J. Andrew
Mackenzie, Darryl I.
Edwards, Holly H.
Kery, Marc
Gardner, Beth
TI Accounting for non-independent detection when estimating abundance of
organisms with a Bayesian approach
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE beta-binomial distribution; binomial mixture; correlated Bernoulli
outcomes; correlated behaviour; manatees; truncated Poisson distribution
ID DETECTION PROBABILITY; SPECIES OCCURRENCE; MIXTURE-MODELS; WINBUGS;
COUNTS
AB 1. Binomial mixture models use repeated count data to estimate abundance. They are becoming increasingly popular because they provide a simple and cost-effective way to account for imperfect detection. However, these models assume that individuals are detected independently of each other. This assumption may often be violated in the field. For instance, manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) may surface in turbid water (i.e. become available for detection during aerial surveys) in a correlated manner (i.e. in groups). However, correlated behaviour, affecting the non-independence of individual detections, may also be relevant in other systems (e.g. correlated patterns of singing in birds and amphibians).
2. We extend binomial mixture models to account for correlated behaviour and therefore to account for non-independent detection of individuals. We simulated correlated behaviour using beta-binomial random variables. Our approach can be used to simultaneously estimate abundance, detection probability and a correlation parameter.
3. Fitting binomial mixture models to data that followed a beta-binomial distribution resulted in an overestimation of abundance even for moderate levels of correlation. In contrast, the beta-binomial mixture model performed considerably better in our simulation scenarios. We also present a goodness-of-fit procedure to evaluate the fit of beta-binomial mixture models.
4. We illustrate our approach by fitting both binomial and beta-binomial mixture models to aerial survey data of manatees in Florida. We found that the binomial mixture model did not fit the data, whereas there was no evidence of lack of fit for the beta-binomial mixture model. This example helps illustrate the importance of using simulations and assessing goodness-of-fit when analysing ecological data with N-mixture models. Indeed, both the simulations and the goodness-of-fit procedure highlighted the limitations of the standard binomial mixture model for aerial manatee surveys.
5. Overestimation of abundance by binomial mixture models owing to non-independent detections is problematic for ecological studies, but also for conservation. For example, in the case of endangered species, it could lead to inappropriate management decisions, such as downlisting. These issues will be increasingly relevant as more ecologists apply flexible N-mixture models to ecological data.
C1 [Martin, Julien; Edwards, Holly H.] Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Royle, J. Andrew] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Mackenzie, Darryl I.] Proteus Wildlife Res Consultants, Dunedin 9058, New Zealand.
[Kery, Marc] Swiss Ornithol Inst, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.
[Gardner, Beth] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Martin, J (reprint author), Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, 100 8th Ave SE, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM julien.martin@myfwc.com
OI Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
NR 21
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 4
U2 74
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2041-210X
EI 2041-2096
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 2
IS 6
BP 595
EP 601
DI 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00113.x
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 862KR
UT WOS:000298090100003
ER
PT J
AU Royle, JA
Kery, M
Guelat, J
AF Royle, J. Andrew
Kery, Marc
Guelat, Jerome
TI Spatial capture-recapture models for search-encounter data
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian analysis; data augmentation; density estimation; distance
sampling; hierarchical models; population size; search-encounter data;
spatial capture-recapture; spatially explicit capture-recapture
ID LINE TRANSECT SURVEYS; DATA AUGMENTATION; DNA DATA; POPULATION;
ABUNDANCE; IMPERFECT; INFERENCE; TRENDS
AB 1. Spatial capturerecapture models make use of auxiliary data on capture location to provide density estimates for animal populations. Previously, models have been developed primarily for fixed trap arrays which define the observable locations of individuals by a set of discrete points.
2. Here, we develop a class of models for ` search-encounter' data, i. e. for detections of recognizable individuals in continuous space, not restricted to trap locations. In our hierarchical model, detection probability is related to the average distance between individual location and the survey path. The locations are allowed to change over time owing to movements of individuals, and individual locations are related formally by a model describing individual activity or home range centre which is itself regarded as a latent variable in the model. We provide a Bayesian analysis of the model in WinBUGS, and develop a customMCMCalgorithm in theR language.
3. The model is applied to simulated data and to territory mapping data for the Willow Tit from the Swiss Breeding Bird Survey MHB. While the observed density was 15 territories per nominal 1 km 2 plot of unknown effective sample area, the model produced a density estimate of 21 12 territories per square km(95% posterior interval: 17-26).
4. Spatial capture-recapture models are relevant to virtually all animal population studies that seek to estimate population size or density, yet existing models have been proposed mainly for conventional sampling using arrays of traps. Our model for search-encounter data, where the spatial pattern of searching can be arbitrary and may change over occasions, greatly expands the scope and utility of spatial capture-recapture models.
C1 [Royle, J. Andrew] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Kery, Marc; Guelat, Jerome] Swiss Ornithol Inst, Sempach, Switzerland.
RP Royle, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM aroyle@usgs.gov
OI Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 50
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2041-210X
EI 2041-2096
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 2
IS 6
BP 602
EP 611
DI 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00116.x
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 862KR
UT WOS:000298090100004
ER
PT J
AU MacKenzie, DI
Bailey, LL
Hines, JE
Nichols, JD
AF MacKenzie, Darryl I.
Bailey, Larissa L.
Hines, James E.
Nichols, James D.
TI An integrated model of habitat and species occurrence dynamics
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Ambystoma maculatum; amphibians; detection; habitat modelling;
multi-state occupancy; occupancy dynamics; species occurrence; spotted
salamander; vernal pools
ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE MODELS; DEMOGRAPHIC-MODELS; MULTIPLE STATES;
OCCUPANCY; EXTINCTION; COLONIZATION; UNCERTAINTY; PERSISTENCE;
POPULATION; SURVIVAL
AB 1. Relationships between animal populations and their habitats are well known and commonly acknowledged to be important by animal ecologists, conservation biologists and wildlife managers. Such relationships are most commonly viewed as static, such that habitat at time t is viewed as a determinant of animals present at that same time, t, or sometimes as a determinant of animal population or occurrence dynamics (e.g. between t and t+1).
2. Here, we motivate interest in simultaneous dynamics of both habitat and occupancy state (e. g. species presence or absence) and develop models to estimate parameters that describe the dynamics of such systems.
3. The models permit inference about transition probabilities for both habitat and focal species occupancy, such that habitat transitions may influence focal species transitions and vice versa.
4. Example analyses using data from salamanders in the eastern United States are presented for (i) the special case in which habitat is characterized as either suitable or unsuitable and (ii) the more general case in which different habitat states are expected to influence occupancy dynamics in a less extreme manner (occupancy is possible in the various habitat states).
5. We believe that the integrated inference methods presented here will be useful for a variety of ecological and conservation investigations and attain special relevance in the face of habitat dynamics driven by such factors as active management, land use changes and climate change.
C1 [MacKenzie, Darryl I.] Proteus Wildlife Res Consultants, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[Bailey, Larissa L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish, Ft Collins, CO 80253 USA.
[Hines, James E.; Nichols, James D.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP MacKenzie, DI (reprint author), Proteus Wildlife Res Consultants, POB 5193, Dunedin, New Zealand.
EM darryl@proteus.co.nz
RI Bailey, Larissa/A-2565-2009
NR 32
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 6
U2 108
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 2041-210X
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 2
IS 6
BP 612
EP 622
DI 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00110.x
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 862KR
UT WOS:000298090100005
ER
PT J
AU Syslo, JM
Guy, CS
Bigelow, PE
Doepke, PD
Ertel, BD
Koel, TM
AF Syslo, John M.
Guy, Christopher S.
Bigelow, Patricia E.
Doepke, Philip D.
Ertel, Brian D.
Koel, Todd M.
TI Response of non-native lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) to 15 years of
harvest in Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID FOOD-WEB STRUCTURE; CUTTHROAT TROUT; MICHIGAN WATERS; FRESH-WATER; FISH
INTRODUCTIONS; TROPHIC CASCADE; POPULATION; SUPERIOR; DYNAMICS; GROWTH
AB Introduced lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) threaten to extirpate native Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchits clarkii bouvieri) in the 34 000 ha Yellowstone Lake in Yellowstone National Park, USA. Suppression (and eventual eradication) of the lake trout population is deemed necessary for the conservation of Yellowstone cutthroat trout. A US National Park Service gill-netting program removed nearly 450 000 lake trout from Yellowstone Lake from 1995 through 2009. We examined temporal variation in individual growth, body condition, length and age at maturity, fecundity, mortality, and population models to assess the efficacy of the lake trout suppression program. Population metrics did not indicate overharvest despite more than a decade of fish removal. The current rate of population growth is positive; however, it is lower than it would be in the absence of lake trout suppression. Fishing effort needs to increase above observed levels to reduce population growth rate below replacement. Additionally, high sensitivity of population growth rate to reproductive vital rates indicates that increasing fishing mortality for sexually mature lake trout may increase the effectiveness of suppression. Lake trout suppression in Yellowstone Lake illustrates the complexities of trying to remove an apex predator to restore a relatively large remote lentic ecosystem with a simple fish assemblage.
C1 [Syslo, John M.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Guy, Christopher S.] Montana State Univ, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Bigelow, Patricia E.; Doepke, Philip D.; Ertel, Brian D.; Koel, Todd M.] Natl Pk Serv, Ctr Resources Fisheries & Aquat Sci Program, Yellowstone Natl Pk, WY 82190 USA.
RP Syslo, JM (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM jsyslo@montana.edu
FU NPS; US Geological Survey
FX Funding for this project was provided by the NPS and the US Geological
Survey. Mention of trade names is for information purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government. Early studies by L. Kaeding
and J. Ruzycki provided important baseline data. We thank the many NPS
employees and volunteers who collected the data used for this assessment
and two anonymous reviewers for comments that greatly improved this
manuscript.
NR 77
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 8
U2 63
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 68
IS 12
BP 2132
EP 2145
DI 10.1139/F2011-122
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 877OA
UT WOS:000299190600009
ER
PT J
AU Burkett, V
AF Burkett, Virginia
TI Global climate change implications for coastal and offshore oil and gas
development
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Oil and gas development; Coastal infrastructure
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; FUTURE; OCEAN; RATES
AB The discussion and debate about climate change and oil and gas resource development has generally focused on how fossil fuel use affects the Earth's climate. This paper explores how the changing climate is likely to affect oil and gas operations in low-lying coastal areas and the outer continental shelf. Oil and gas production in these regions comprises a large sector of the economies of many energy producing nations. Six key climate change drivers in coastal and marine regions are characterized with respect to oil and gas development: changes in carbon dioxide levels and ocean acidity, air and water temperature, precipitation patterns, the rate of sea level rise, storm intensity, and wave regime. These key drivers have the potential to independently and cumulatively affect coastal and offshore oil and gas exploration, production, and transportation, and several impacts of climate change have already been observed in North America. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 US Geol Survey, Many, LA 71449 USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 540 N Courthouse St, Many, LA 71449 USA.
EM virginia_burkett@usgs.gov
NR 48
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 39
IS 12
BP 7719
EP 7725
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.016
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 866EN
UT WOS:000298363400025
ER
PT J
AU Hoover, DB
AF Hoover, Donald B.
TI DETERMINING GARNET COMPOSITION FROM MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY AND OTHER
PROPERTIES
SO GEMS & GEMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID KNORRINGITE
AB Quantitative measurements of magnetic susceptibility combined with RI or SG data can provide an easy and inexpensive way of inferring garnet composition. At the time this technique was first applied to faceted garnets (Hoover et al., 2008), a reference set of samples with well-characterized compositions was not available. GIA subsequently provided 28 garnets and their chemical data determined by electron microprobe for a comparison with end-member compositions calculated from magnetic susceptibility measurements and other properties. The results show that end-member compositions based on microprobe data have error margins similar to most of those derived from directly measured properties.
C1 US Geol Survey, Springfield, MO USA.
RP Hoover, DB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Springfield, MO USA.
EM dbhoover@aol.com
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU GEMOLOGICAL INST AMER
PI CARLSBAD
PA 5345 ARMADA DR, CARLSBAD, CA 92008 USA
SN 0016-626X
J9 GEMS GEMOL
JI Gems Gemol.
PD WIN
PY 2011
VL 47
IS 4
BP 272
EP 285
DI 10.5741/GEMS.47.4.272
PG 14
WC Mineralogy
SC Mineralogy
GA 880IV
UT WOS:000299401700003
ER
PT J
AU Saalfeld, ST
Conway, WC
Haukos, DA
Johnson, WP
AF Saalfeld, Sarah T.
Conway, Warren C.
Haukos, David A.
Johnson, William P.
TI Nest Success of Snowy Plovers (Charadrius nivosus) in the Southern High
Plains of Texas
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE breeding; Charadrius nivosus; nesting; nest success; nest survival;
Program MARK; saline lake; surface water
ID SITE SELECTION; EGG-SIZE; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; BREEDING BIOLOGY;
KENTISH PLOVERS; PIPING PLOVER; PLAYA LAKES; HABITAT USE; MIGRANT
SHOREBIRDS; BELLY-SOAKING
AB Snowy Plovers (Charadrius nivosus) nesting on edges of saline lakes within the Southern High Plains (SHP) of Texas are threatened by habitat degradation due to reduced artesian spring flow, making many saline lakes unsuitable for nesting and migrating shorebirds. Factors influencing nest success were evaluated, current nest success estimates in the SHP of Texas were compared to estimates obtained ten years prior, and causes and timing of nest failures determined. Overall, 215 nests were monitored from three saline lakes in 2008 -2009, with nest success estimates from Program MARK ranging from 7-33% ((x) over bar = 22%). The leading causes of nest failures were attributed to predation (40%) and weather (36%). Nest success was negatively influenced by number of plants within 707-cm(2) plot, positively influenced by percent surface water availability, and at one saline lake, negatively influenced by day during the nesting season (i.e., nest success declined later in the nesting season). When compared to estimates ten years prior (1998-1999), mean nest success has declined by 31%. If nesting Snowy Plovers continue to experience increased predation rates, decreased hydrological integrity, and habitat alterations, populations will continue to decline throughout this region. Received 2 April 2011, accepted 10 August 2011.
C1 [Saalfeld, Sarah T.; Conway, Warren C.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Arthur Temple Coll Forestry & Agr, SFA Stn, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA.
[Haukos, David A.] Texas Tech Univ, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Johnson, William P.] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Canyon, TX 79015 USA.
RP Saalfeld, ST (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Manomet Ctr Conservat Sci, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM ssaalfeld@manomet.org
FU Texas Parks and Wildlife Department [SPR-0804-009]; Arthur Temple
College of Forestry and Agriculture; Stephen F. Austin State University;
Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University; U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey [23393]
FX Financial, logistical, and technical support was provided in part by
Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (Scientific Permit SPR-0804-009),
Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin
State University (Animal Care and Use Committee Approval No,
TECMW10-08-07), Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech
University, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Geological Survey
(Federal Bird Banding Permit No. 23393). Thanks to J. Neal, a Saalfeld,
M. Buckingham, R. Baker, and M. McDonough and others who assisted with
field and laboratory work. We thank B. Burt, C. Comer, and D.
Scognamillo for comments on the manuscript. Finally, we thank the
landowners for allowing access to saline lakes located on their
properties.
NR 70
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 16
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 34
IS 4
BP 389
EP 399
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 881CQ
UT WOS:000299458500001
ER
PT J
AU Link, PT
Afton, AD
Cox, RR
Davis, BE
AF Link, Paul T.
Afton, Alan D.
Cox, Robert R., Jr.
Davis, Bruce E.
TI Daily Movements of Female Mallards Wintering in Southwestern Louisiana
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Anas platyrchychos; disturbance; hunting; Louisiana; movements; refuging
ID MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; NORTHERN PINTAILS; WASTE RICE; WATERFOWL;
HABITATS; CALIFORNIA; GEESE; FOODS
AB Understanding daily movements of waterfowl is crucial to management of winter habitats, especially along the Gulf Coast where hunting pressure is high. Radio-telemetry was used to investigate movements of female Mallards (Anus platyrchychos) wintering in southwestern Louisiana. Movement distances were analyzed from 2,455 paired locations (diurnal and nocturnal) of 126 Mallards during winters 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 to assess effects of winter, female age, areas closed (Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge RAC), Cameron Prairie National Wildlife Refuge [CAM], Amoco Pool [AMOCO] or open to hunting [OPEN]), and habitat type, including all interactions. Movement distances from the various land management categories were not consistent by age, date, or by winter. Flight distances from LAC increased with date, whereas those from CAM and OPEN did not vary significantly by date. Female Mallards moved short distances between diurnal and nocturnal sites (ranging from 3.1 to 15.0 km by land management category), suggesting that they are able to meet their daily energy requirements within a smaller area than Northern Pintails (Anas acuta, hereafter Pintails), and thus minimize transit energy costs. Received 16 April 2011, accepted 1 July 2011.
C1 [Link, Paul T.; Davis, Bruce E.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Afton, Alan D.] Louisiana State Univ, US Geol Survey, Louisiana Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Cox, Robert R., Jr.] RC Store, Ipswich, SD 57451 USA.
RP Link, PT (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM plink@wlf.la.gov
FU Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries; Ducks Unlimited Inc.;
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 2 through the Gulf Coast Joint
Venture; US Geological Survey Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit and School of Renewable Natural Resources at Louisiana
State University
FX We appreciate the financial support of the Louisiana Department of
Wildlife and Fisheries, Ducks Unlimited Inc., U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service Region 2 through the Gulf Coast Joint Venture, and the US
Geological Survey Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
and School of Renewable Natural Resources at Louisiana State University.
We thank P. Yakupzack, A. Hammond, M. Chouinard, G. Chandler, S. Reagan,
M. Hoff, W. Syron, R. Helm, J. Linscombe, E. Trosclair III, G. Melancon,
T Vidrine, J. Robinette, C. Jeske, J. Warshaw, C. Marcantel, C.
Theeland, W Sweeney, W Lamair, H. Stelly, B. Lehto, C. Starkovich, J.
Haller, S. Romero, M. Shirley, H. Cormier, B. Wilson, M. Parr, T
Moorman, C. Duplechain, J. Rataczak, Munchrath Properties, and the
Florence Club for support during the study. R. Johnson, G. Rackal, D.
Gilbert, R. Cook, and D. Chamblee piloted the aircraft during telemetry
flights. L. Naylor, T. Shaffer and anonymous reviewers provided comments
on the manuscript. Finally, we thank technicians J. Kesling, N. Jerstad,
R. Conohan, B. Haff, and M. Lorenz for their dedication. The use of
trade, product, industry or firm names or products is for informative
purposes only and does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 22
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 34
IS 4
BP 422
EP 428
PG 7
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 881CQ
UT WOS:000299458500004
ER
PT J
AU Link, PT
Afton, AD
Cox, RR
Davis, BE
AF Link, Paul T.
Afton, Alan D.
Cox, Robert R., Jr.
Davis, Bruce E.
TI Use of Habitats by Female Mallards Wintering in Southwestern Louisiana
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Anas platyrhynchos; freshwater marsh; Gulf Coast; habitat use; hunting;
Louisiana; Mallards; radio-marked; winter
ID MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; NORTHERN PINTAILS; ACTIVITY BUDGETS; WASTE
RICE; WATERFOWL; CALIFORNIA
AB Habitat use by wintering Mallards (Anas platyrhychos) on the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain (GCCP) has received little study and quantitative data is needed for management of GCCP waterfowl. Radio-telemetry techniques were used to record habitats used by 135 female Mallards during winters 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 in southwestern Louisiana. Habitat use was quantitatively estimated for areas open and closed to hunting, by general habitat types (i.e., marsh, rice, idle, pasture, or other), and for specific marsh types (i.e., freshwater, intermediate, brackish, or salt). Variation in these estimates was subsequently examined in relation to individual female, female age (adult or immature), winter (2004-2005 or 2005-2006), and hunt periods within winter (second hunting season [SHUNT] or post hunting season [POST]). Diurnal use of areas closed to hunting was greater during hunted time periods in winter 2005-2006 than in winter 2004-2005. Nocturnal use of areas closed to hunting was 3.1 times greater during SHUNT than during POST, and immatures used areas closed to hunting more than adults. Diurnal use of marsh was 3.3 times greater than that of any other habitat during both winters. Nocturnal use of marsh, rice, idle, and pasture were similar during both winters. Females used freshwater marsh habitats extensively (64.6-99.8% proportional use), whereas brackish and salt marsh combined was used less frequently (0-35.8% proportional use). These results suggest that freshwater marsh is important to Mallards and a high priority for restoration and management efforts. Received 16 April 2011, accepted 22 July 2011.
C1 [Link, Paul T.; Davis, Bruce E.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Afton, Alan D.] Louisiana State Univ, US Geol Survey, Louisiana Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Cox, Robert R., Jr.] RC Store, Ipswich, SD 57451 USA.
RP Link, PT (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM plink@wlf.la.gov
FU Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries; Ducks Unlimited Inc.;
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 2 through the Gulf Coast Joint
Venture; U.S. Geological Survey-Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit and School of Renewable Natural Resources at Louisiana
State University
FX We appreciate the financial support of the Louisiana Department of
Wildlife and Fisheries, Ducks Unlimited Inc., U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service Region 2 through the Gulf Coast Joint Venture, and the U.S.
Geological Survey-Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
and School of Renewable Natural Resources at Louisiana State University.
We thank P. Yakupzack, A. Hammond, M. Chouinard, G. Chandler, S. Reagan,
M. Hoff, W. Syron, R. Helm, J. Linscombe, P. Trosclair III, G. Melancon,
T. Vidrine, J. Robinette, C. Jeske, J. Warshaw, C. Marcantel, C.
Theeland W. Sweeney, W. Lamair, H. Stelly, B. Lehto, C. Starkovich, J.
Haller, S. Romero, M. Shirley, H. Cormier, B. Wilson, M. Parr, T.
Moorman, C. Duplechain, J. Rataczak, Munchrath Properties, and the
Florence Club for support during the study. R. Johnson, G. Rackal, D.
Gilbert, R. Cook, and D. Chamblee piloted aircraft during telemetry
flights. C. Jeske, J. Fleskes, and anonymous reviewers provided comments
on the manuscript. Finally, we thank technicians J. Kesling, N. Jerstad,
R. Conohan, B. Haff, and M. Lorenz for their dedication. The use of
trade, product, industry or firm names or products is for informative
purposes only and does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 44
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 16
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 34
IS 4
BP 429
EP 438
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 881CQ
UT WOS:000299458500005
ER
PT J
AU Webb, EB
Smith, LM
Vrtiska, MP
Lagrange, TG
AF Webb, Elisabeth B.
Smith, Loren M.
Vrtiska, Mark P.
Lagrange, Theodore G.
TI Factors Influencing Behavior of Wetland Birds in the Rainwater Basin
during Spring Migration
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE behavior; Nebraska; playas; Rainwater Basin; spring migration; wetland
birds
ID GREATER SNOW GEESE; FEEDING ECOLOGY; NUTRIENT RESERVES; ACTIVITY
BUDGETS; MIGRANT SHOREBIRDS; BODY CONDITION; WINGED TEAL; REPRODUCTION;
DISTURBANCE; NEBRASKA
AB As little is known about specific factors influencing wetland birds during migration, the effects of time period, hunting pressure, and year on wetland bird behavior were evaluated during spring migration. Avian behavior was quantified on 36-40 playa wetlands in the Rainwater Basin region of Nebraska, during springs 2002-2004. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to test for differences in behavior among time periods, hunting categories (closed to hunting, hunted wetlands in-season, and hunted wetlands post-season), and years for geese, dabbling ducks, diving ducks, and shorebirds, as well as among two species of management concern; Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons) and Northern Pintails (Anas acuta). Overall, goose behavior did not differ among time periods or years; however, a greater percentage of geese were observed feeding in wetlands closed to hunting (11%) than on hunted wetlands in-season (5%). A smaller percentage of dabbling ducks was observed feeding on hunted wetlands in-season (19%) than on wetlands closed to hunting (24%) or on hunted wetlands post-season (28%). Diving duck and shorebird behavior did not differ among time periods, years, or hunting categories. Although spring hunting was implemented to reduce the light goose population, it may also be negatively influencing habitat quality at migration stopover sites for geese and dabbling ducks. Managers should consider limiting spring hunting disturbance on temporary and seasonal wetlands, where dabbling ducks spend more time foraging, than on semi-permanent wetlands. Received 20 April 2011, accepted 18 July 2011.
C1 [Webb, Elisabeth B.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Range Wildlife & Fisheries Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Smith, Loren M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Zool, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Vrtiska, Mark P.] Nebraska Game & Parks Commiss, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA.
[Webb, Elisabeth B.; Lagrange, Theodore G.] Univ Missouri, US Geol Survey, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wild Life Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP Webb, EB (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Range Wildlife & Fisheries Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM webbli@missouri.edu
FU North American Wetlends Conservation Act Evaluation; Region 6 of the
USFWS; NGPC; Nature Conservancy of Nebraska; Region 7 of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency; Rainwater Basin Joint Venture; Texas
Tech University
FX Financial support was provided by the North American Wetlends
Conservation Act Evaluation Grant, Region 6 of the USFWS, NGPC, the
Nature Conservancy of Nebraska, Region 7 of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, the Rainwater Basin Joint Venture, and Texas Tech
University Vehicles and transportation costs were provided by NGPC. The
Rainwater Basin Wetland Management District of the USFWS and NGPC
provided housing and access to the wetlands. M. Gordillo and J. Jensen
assisted with data collection. A. Bishop and R. Reker assisted with GIS
data layers. We thank the numerous landowners in the RWB for allowing
access to their wetlands. N. McIntyre, R. Strauss, and G. Wilde provided
comments on the manuscript.
NR 61
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U1 3
U2 29
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 34
IS 4
BP 457
EP 467
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 881CQ
UT WOS:000299458500008
ER
PT J
AU Smith, DJ
Griffin, DW
McPeters, RD
Ward, PD
Schuerger, AC
AF Smith, David J.
Griffin, Dale W.
McPeters, Richard D.
Ward, Peter D.
Schuerger, Andrew C.
TI Microbial survival in the stratosphere and implications for global
dispersal
SO AEROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Stratosphere; Natural selection; Dispersal; Spores; Aerobiology
ID BACILLUS-SUBTILIS SPORES; SOLAR UV-RADIATION; SIMULATED MARTIAN
ENVIRONMENTS; ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; SPACECRAFT SURFACES;
BACTERIAL-SPORES; DEINOCOCCUS-RADIODURANS; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DNA-REPAIR
AB Spores of Bacillus subtilis were exposed to a series of stratosphere simulations. In total, five distinct treatments measured the effect of reduced pressure, low temperature, high desiccation, and intense ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on stratosphere-isolated and ground-isolated B. subtilis strains. Environmental conditions were based on springtime data from a mid-latitude region of the lower stratosphere (20 km). Experimentally, each treatment consisted of the following independent or combined conditions: -70 degrees C, 56 mb, 10-12% relative humidity and 0.00421, 5.11, and 54.64 W/m(2) of UVC (200-280 nm), UVB 280-315 nm), UVA (315-400 nm), respectively. Bacteria were deposited on metal coupon surfaces in monolayers of similar to 1 x 10(6) spores and prepared with palagonite (particle size < 20 mu m). After 6 h of exposure to the stratosphere environment, 99.9% of B. subtilis spores were killed due to UV irradiation. In contrast, temperature, desiccation, and pressure simulations without UV had no effect on spore viability up through 96 h. There were no differences in survival between the stratosphere-isolated versus ground-isolated B. subtilis strains. Inactivation of most bacteria in our simulation indicates that the stratosphere can be a critical barrier to long-distance microbial dispersal and that survival in the upper atmosphere may be constrained by UV irradiation.
C1 [Smith, David J.; Ward, Peter D.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Smith, David J.; Ward, Peter D.] Univ Washington, Grad Program Astrobiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Griffin, Dale W.] US Geol Survey, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA.
[McPeters, Richard D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20711 USA.
[Schuerger, Andrew C.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Space Life Sci Lab, Kennedy Space Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32899 USA.
RP Smith, DJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Biol, 24 Kincaid Hall,Box 351800, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM djsone@uw.edu; dgriffin@usgs.gov; richard.d.mcpeters@nasa.gov;
argo@uw.edu; schuerg@ufl.edu
RI McPeters, Richard/G-4955-2013
OI McPeters, Richard/0000-0002-8926-8462
FU National Science Foundation Integrative Graduate Education and Research
Traineeship (IGERT) at the University of Washington Graduate Program in
Astrobiology; NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC)
FX Our research was supported by the National Science Foundation
Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) program
at the University of Washington Graduate Program in Astrobiology, and
the Cooperative Education Program at NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC).
Critical resources came from the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS), NASA
Goddard Space Flight Center and the University of Florida. The authors
are grateful to Paul Hintze (NASA KSC) for his assistance with SEM
imaging and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry and to Phillip Metzger
and Luke Roberson (NASA KSC) who helped generate the dust analog. We
also acknowledge John Frederick (University of Chicago) for guidance
during our research. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 67
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U1 0
U2 25
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0393-5965
EI 1573-3025
J9 AEROBIOLOGIA
JI Aerobiologia
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 4
BP 319
EP 332
DI 10.1007/s10453-011-9203-5
PG 14
WC Biology; Environmental Sciences
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology
GA 876IO
UT WOS:000299101400005
ER
PT J
AU Austin, JE
Buhl, DA
AF Austin, Jane E.
Buhl, Deborah A.
TI Nest Survival of American Coots Relative to Grazing, Burning, and Water
Depths
SO AVIAN CONSERVATION AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE American Coot; Fulica americana; grazing; hydrology; Idaho; nest
survival; prescribed burning
ID SITE SELECTION; SUCCESS; PREDATION; DUCKS; SASKATCHEWAN; REPRODUCTION;
PARKLANDS; COLORADO; WETLAND; ECOLOGY
AB Water and emergent vegetation are key features influencing nest site selection and success for many marsh-nesting waterbirds. Wetland management practices such as grazing, burning, and water-level manipulations directly affect these features and can influence nest survival. We used model selection and before-after-control-impact approaches to evaluate the effects of water depth and four common land-management practices or treatments, i.e., summer grazing, fall grazing, fall burning, and idle (no active treatment) on nest survival of American coots (Fulica americana) nesting at Grays Lake, a large montane wetland in southeast Idaho. The best model included the variables year x treatment, and quadratic functions of date, water depth, and nest age; height of vegetation at the nest did not improve the best model. However, results from the before-after-control-impact analysis indicate that management practices affected nest success via vegetation and involved interactions of hydrology, residual vegetation, and habitat composition. Nest success in idled fields changed little between pre- and post-treatment periods, whereas nest success declined in fields that were grazed or burned, with the most dramatic declines the year following treatments. The importance of water depth may be amplified in this wetland system because of rapid water-level withdrawal during the nesting season. Water and land-use values for area ranchers, management for nesting waterbirds, and long-term wetland function are important considerations in management of water levels and vegetation.
C1 [Austin, Jane E.; Buhl, Deborah A.] US Geol Survey, No Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Austin, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, No Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
OI Austin, Jane/0000-0001-8775-2210
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX This study was a cooperative effort between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service's Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge and U.S. Geological
Survey's Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center. Funding was provided
through the U.S. Geological Survey's Quick Response Program with in-kind
support provided by the refuge. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government. We thank Refuge Manager M. Fisher for his support
during all phases of this study. A. Henry provided valuable assistance
in preparing data for analysis. We thank A. R. Henry, C. D. Mitchell, T.
Arnold, W. Reed, W. Smith, and an anonymous reviewer for their comments
on earlier versions of this manuscript.
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PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE
PI WOLFVILLE
PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA
SN 1712-6568
J9 AVIAN CONSERV ECOL
JI Avian Conserv. Ecol.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 2
AR 1
DI 10.5751/ACE-00472-060201
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Ornithology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 872VT
UT WOS:000298838800004
ER
PT J
AU Donovan, TM
Freeman, M
Abouelezz, H
Royar, K
Howard, A
Mickey, R
AF Donovan, Therese M.
Freeman, Mark
Abouelezz, Hanem
Royar, Kimberly
Howard, Alan
Mickey, Ruth
TI Quantifying home range habitat requirements for bobcats (Lynx rufus) in
Vermont, USA
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bobcat; Lynx rufus; Habitat use; Kernel home range; AIC; Utilization
distribution
ID POPULATION; DENSITY; SIZE; BIAS; ORGANIZATION; SELECTION; MOVEMENT;
MODELS
AB We demonstrate how home range and habitat use analysis can inform landscape-scale conservation planning for the bobcat, Lynx rufus, in Vermont USA. From 2005 to 2008, we outfitted fourteen bobcats with GPS collars that collected spatially explicit locations from individuals every 4 h for 3-4 months. Kernel home range techniques were used to estimate home range size and boundaries, and to quantify the utilization distribution (UD), which is a spatially explicit, topographic mapping of how different areas within the home range are used. We then used GIS methods to quantify both biotic (e.g. habitat types, stream density) and abiotic (e.g. slope) resources within each bobcat's home range. Across bobcats, upper 20th UD percentiles (core areas) had 18% less agriculture, 42% less development, 26% more bobcat habitat (shrub, deciduous, coniferous forest, and wetland cover types), and 33% lower road density than lower UD percentiles (UD valleys). For each bobcat, we used Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) to evaluate and compare 24 alternative Resource Utilization Functions (hypotheses) that could explain the topology of the individual's UD. A model-averaged population-level Resource Utilization Function suggested positive responses to shrub, deciduous, coniferous forest, and wetland cover types within 1 km of a location, and negative responses to roads and mixed forest cover types within 1 km of a location. Applying this model-averaged function to each pixel in the study area revealed habitat suitability for bobcats across the entire study area, with suitability scores ranging between -1.69 and 1.44, where higher values were assumed to represent higher quality habitat. The southern Champlain Valley, which contained ample wetland and shrub habitat, was a concentrated area of highly suitable habitat, while areas at higher elevation areas were less suitable. Female bobcat home ranges, on average, had an average habitat suitability score of near 0, indicating that home ranges consisted of both beneficial and detrimental habitat types. We discuss the application of habitat suitability mapping and home range requirements for bobcat conservation and landscape scale management. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Donovan, Therese M.] Univ Vermont, US Geol Survey, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Freeman, Mark; Abouelezz, Hanem] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Howard, Alan] Univ Vermont, Stat Software Support & Consulting Serv, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Royar, Kimberly] Vermont Dept Fish & Wildlife, Springfield, VT 05156 USA.
[Mickey, Ruth] Univ Vermont, Dept Math & Stat, Coll Engn & Math Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
RP Donovan, TM (reprint author), Univ Vermont, US Geol Survey, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
EM tdonovan@uvm.edu
FU Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department
FX We would like to acknowledge the support of the following people: Noel
Dodge, Kristen Watrous, Olivia LaMaistre, Patrick Soneira, Doug Olufson,
Bruce Baraffio, Brad Elliott, Sue Morse, Barry Forbes, Scott Schwenk,
Doug Blodgett, Cory Blodgett, Scott Darling, Chris Bernier, John Austin,
Tom Decker, David Sausville, John Mulchu, Adam Vashon, and Fred Pogmore,
in addition to the numerous private land owners and volunteers. Funding
was provided by the Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department through a State
Wildlife Grant. Use of trade-names in this article does not imply
endorsement by the federal government. The Vermont Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by U.S.G.S., University of
Vermont, Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the Wildlife
Management Institute.
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 144
IS 12
BP 2799
EP 2809
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2011.06.026
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 868KF
UT WOS:000298521500010
ER
PT J
AU Atwood, TC
Young, JK
Beckmann, JP
Breck, SW
Fike, J
Rhodes, OE
Bristow, KD
AF Atwood, Todd C.
Young, Julie K.
Beckmann, Jon P.
Breck, Stewart W.
Fike, Jennifer
Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.
Bristow, Kirby D.
TI Modeling connectivity of black bears in a desert sky island archipelago
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Border fence; Corridor; Genetic connectivity; Landscape connectivity;
Ursus americanus
ID LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC-STRUCTURE;
COMPUTER-PROGRAM; CENTRAL ARIZONA; BROWN BEARS; CONSERVATION; ECOLOGY;
MOVEMENTS; MEXICO
AB Landscape features such as rivers, mountains, desert basins, roads, and impermeable man-made structures may influence dispersal and gene flow among populations, thereby creating spatial structure across the landscape. In the US-Mexico borderland, urbanization and construction of the border fence have the potential to increase genetic subdivision and vulnerability to isolation in large mammal populations by bisecting movement corridors that have enabled dispersal between adjacent Sky Island mountain ranges. We examined genetic variation in black bears (Ursus americanus) from three regions in central and southern Arizona, US, to assess genetic and landscape connectivity in the US-Mexico border Sky Islands. We found that the three regions grouped into two subpopulations: the east-central subpopulation comprised of individuals sampled in the central highland and high desert regions, and the border subpopulation comprised of individuals sampled in the southern Sky Islands. Occupancy for the border subpopulation of black bears was influenced by cover type and distance to water, and occupancy-based corridor models identified 14 potential corridors connecting border Sky Island habitat cores with the east-central subpopulation. Biological quality of corridors, defined as length:width ratio and proportions of suitable habitat within corridors, declined with Sky Island dispersion. Our results show that black bears in the border subpopulation are moderately isolated from the east-central subpopulation, the main population segment of black bears in Arizona, and that connectivity for border bears may be vulnerable to anthropogenic activities, such as those associated with urbanization and trans-border security. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Atwood, Todd C.; Breck, Stewart W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Atwood, Todd C.; Bristow, Kirby D.] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA.
[Young, Julie K.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Predator Res Facil, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Young, Julie K.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Beckmann, Jon P.] N Amer Program, Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Fike, Jennifer; Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Atwood, TC (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM todd.c.atwood@aphis.usda.gov
FU Arizona Game and Fish Department's Research Branch [W-78-R]; Arizona
Game and Fish Department; Safari Club International; Nature
Conservancy-Northern Mexico Program; Summerlee Foundation; National
Wildlife Research Center; Wildlife Conservation Society
FX J. Ng, R. Butler, T. Smith, and S. Boe provided assistance with data
collection. S. Stone, B. Wake ling, L Ordway, M. Disney, R. Thompson, M.
Crabb, and J. Hanna helped coordinate collection of additional bear
samples. We thank the Commandant of Fort Huachuca for providing access
to the base. Funding was provided through the Federal Aid in Wildlife
Restoration Act Project W-78-R of the Arizona Game and Fish Department's
Research Branch, Arizona Game and Fish Department's Habitat Conservation
Program and Wildlife Conservation Fund, Safari Club International, The
Nature Conservancy-Northern Mexico Program, Summerlee Foundation,
National Wildlife Research Center, and Wildlife Conservation Society.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 144
IS 12
BP 2851
EP 2862
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2011.08.002
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 868KF
UT WOS:000298521500015
ER
PT J
AU Larson, DL
Bright, JB
Drobney, P
Larson, JL
Palaia, N
Rabie, PA
Vacek, S
Wells, D
AF Larson, Diane L.
Bright, J. B.
Drobney, Pauline
Larson, Jennifer L.
Palaia, Nicholas
Rabie, Paul A.
Vacek, Sara
Wells, Douglas
TI Effects of planting method and seed mix richness on the early stages of
tallgrass prairie restoration
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Restoration methods; Tallgrass prairie; Exotic species; Warm-season
grasses; Perennial forbs
ID EXPERIMENTAL GRASSLANDS; RECRUITMENT LIMITATION; INVASION; COMMUNITIES;
DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; RESISTANCE; INVASIBILITY; GERMINATION;
EMERGENCE
AB Tallgrass prairie restoration has been practiced for more than 75 years, yet few studies have systematically tested restoration methods over large geographic regions with the intent of refining methodology. In this study, we used three planting methods (dormant-season broadcast, growing-season broadcast and growing-season drill) fully crossed with three levels of seed species richness (10, 20, and 34 spp). We replicated the study on nine former agricultural fields located from east-central Iowa (Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge) to northwestern Minnesota (Litchfield, Fergus Falls and Morris Wetland Management Districts), USA, within the northern tallgrass prairie biome. Objectives were to evaluate the relative influences of planting method, seed mix richness, and their interactions, on (1) planted cover (both total and by guild) and richness, (2) exotic species cover, and (3) non-planted native species cover. Optimal techniques varied between the two study areas: the dormant broadcast method produced greater cover of planted species at the Minnesota sites and the growing-season drill method produced greater cover of planted species at Iowa sites. The dormant broadcast method strongly favored establishment of perennial forbs while the growing-season drill favored warm-season grasses. Although increasing richness of the seed mix produced greater planted species richness, this did not result in greater resistance to exotic invasion. We conclude that, if planting during the growing season, drilling seed is preferable to broadcasting, but if the choice is between broadcasting seed in the dormant or growing season, the dormant season is preferred. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Larson, Diane L.] US Geol Survey, No Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Bright, J. B.; Vacek, Sara] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Morris, MN USA.
[Drobney, Pauline] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Neal Smith Natl Wildlife Refuge, Prairie City, IA USA.
[Larson, Jennifer L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Hort Sci, St Paul, MN USA.
[Palaia, Nicholas] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Litchfield, MN USA.
[Rabie, Paul A.] No Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, St Paul, MN USA.
[Wells, Douglas] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fergus Falls, MN USA.
RP Larson, DL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, No Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 1561 Lindig St, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM dlarson@usgs.gov
OI Larson, Diane/0000-0001-5202-0634
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region; U.S. Geological Survey Science
Support Program; Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
FX We thank the dedicated staff and volunteers of the participating Refuge
and Wetland Management District stations who helped with plot layout,
site preparation, seeding, mowing, and vegetation monitoring. Amy
Symstad, Susan Galatowitsch and three anonymous reviewers provided
helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. This work was
supported by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 3, U.S. Geological
Survey Science Support Program and Northern Prairie Wildlife Research
Center. Use of trade names does not imply endorsement by the federal
government.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 144
IS 12
BP 3127
EP 3139
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2011.10.018
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 868KF
UT WOS:000298521500045
ER
PT J
AU Franco, G
Cayan, DR
Moser, S
Hanemann, M
Jones, MA
AF Franco, Guido
Cayan, Daniel R.
Moser, Susanne
Hanemann, Michael
Jones, Myoung-Ae
TI Second California Assessment: integrated climate change impacts
assessment of natural and managed systems.
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL; ELECTRICITY DEMAND; CHANGE SCENARIOS; MODEL; WATER; UTILITY;
USA
AB Since 2006 the scientific community in California, in cooperation with resource managers, has been conducting periodic statewide studies about the potential impacts of climate change on natural and managed systems. This Special Issue is a compilation of revised papers that originate from the most recent assessment that concluded in 2009. As with the 2006 studies that influenced the passage of California's landmark Global Warming Solutions Act (AB32), these papers have informed policy formulation at the state level, helping bring climate adaptation as a complementary measure to mitigation. We provide here a brief introduction to the papers included in this Special Issue focusing on how they are coordinated and support each other. We describe the common set of downscaled climate and sea-level rise scenarios used in this assessment that came from six different global climate models (GCMs) run under two greenhouse gas emissions scenarios: B1 (low emissions) and A2 (a medium-high emissions). Recommendations for future state assessments, some of which are being implemented in an on-going new assessment that will be completed in 2012, are offered.
C1 [Franco, Guido] Calif Energy Commiss, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Moser, Susanne] Stanford Univ, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Hanemann, Michael] Arizona State Univ, Dept Econ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Jones, Myoung-Ae] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Moser, Susanne] Susanne Moser Res & Consulting, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
RP Franco, G (reprint author), Calif Energy Commiss, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
EM Gfranco@Energy.state.ca.us
NR 89
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U2 38
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 109
SU 1
SI SI
BP 1
EP 19
DI 10.1007/s10584-011-0318-z
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 871SF
UT WOS:000298757300001
ER
PT J
AU Das, T
Dettinger, MD
Cayan, DR
Hidalgo, HG
AF Das, Tapash
Dettinger, Michael D.
Cayan, Daniel R.
Hidalgo, Hugo G.
TI Potential increase in floods in California's Sierra Nevada under future
climate projections
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; ATMOSPHERIC RIVERS; CHANGE
SCENARIOS; PRECIPITATION; HYDROLOGY; IMPACTS; TEMPERATURE; TRENDS; MODEL
AB California's mountainous topography, exposure to occasional heavily moisture-laden storm systems, and varied communities and infrastructures in low lying areas make it highly vulnerable to floods. An important question facing the state-in terms of protecting the public and formulating water management responses to climate change-is "how might future climate changes affect flood characteristics in California?" To help address this, we simulate floods on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, the state's primary catchment, based on downscaled daily precipitation and temperature projections from three General Circulation Models (GCMs). These climate projections are fed into the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrologic model, and the VIC-simulated streamflows and hydrologic conditions, from historical and from projected climate change runs, allow us to evaluate possible changes in annual maximum 3-day flood magnitudes and frequencies of floods. By the end of the 21st Century, all projections yield larger-than-historical floods, for both the Northern Sierra Nevada (NSN) and for the Southern Sierra Nevada (SSN). The increases in flood magnitude are statistically significant (at p <= 0.01) for all the three GCMs in the period 2051-2099. The frequency of flood events above selected historical thresholds also increases under projections from CNRM CM3 and NCAR PCM1 climate models, while under the third scenario, GFDL CM2.1, frequencies remain constant or decline slightly, owing to an overall drying trend. These increases appear to derive jointly from increases in heavy precipitation amount, storm frequencies, and days with more precipitation falling as rain and less as snow. Increases in antecedent winter soil moisture also play a role in some areas. Thus, a complex, as-yet unpredictable interplay of several different climatic influences threatens to cause increased flood hazards in California's complex western Sierra landscapes.
C1 [Das, Tapash; Dettinger, Michael D.; Cayan, Daniel R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Climate Atmospher Sci & Phys Oceanog, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Dettinger, Michael D.; Cayan, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Hidalgo, Hugo G.] Univ Costa Rica, Sch Phys, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Hidalgo, Hugo G.] Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Geophys Res, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Das, Tapash] CH2MHILL Inc, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
RP Das, T (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Div Climate Atmospher Sci & Phys Oceanog, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Mail Code 0224, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM tapash.das@ch2m.com
OI Hidalgo, Hugo/0000-0003-4638-0742
FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; CALFED Bay-Delta;
California Energy Commission; Environment and Sustainability Initiative
at UC San Diego; DOE [DE-SC0002000]; University of Costa Rica
[VI-805-A9-224, VI-808-A9-180]
FX We thank the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison
(PCMDI) and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for the
WCRP CMIP3 multi-model dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by
the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. We acknowledge
particularly the GCM modeling groups at CNRM, NCAR and GFDL for GCM
output. Thanks to Michael Anderson and John T. Andrew at California
Department of Water Resources for their valuable discussions. We thank
three anonymous reviewers and editors for useful comments. The study was
supported by both the CALFED Bay-Delta Program-funded postdoctoral
fellowship grant provided to TD and the California Energy
Commission-funded California Climate Change Center. Partial salary
support for TD from Environment and Sustainability Initiative at UC San
Diego (now Sustainability Solutions Institute) through a seed funding
grant is also acknowledged. The California Energy Commission PIER
Program through the California Climate Change Center, the NOAA RISA
Program via the CNAP RISA, and DOE through grant DE-SC0002000, provided
partial salary support for DC. Much of the contribution of HH was done
while he was a Project Scientist at SIO. He is now partially funded
through research projects VI-805-A9-224 and VI-808-A9-180 of the
University of Costa Rica.
NR 72
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 47
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 109
SU 1
SI SI
BP 71
EP 94
DI 10.1007/s10584-011-0298-z
PG 24
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 871SF
UT WOS:000298757300004
ER
PT J
AU Streby, HM
Peterson, SM
Andersen, DE
AF Streby, Henry M.
Peterson, Sean M.
Andersen, David E.
TI Invertebrate availability and vegetation characteristics explain use of
nonnesting cover types by mature-forest songbirds during the
postfledging period
SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE American Redstart; clearcut; forest songbirds; Ovenbird; postfledging;
Seiurus aurocapilla; Setophaga ruticilla
ID REGENERATING CLEARCUTS; HABITAT USE; BIRDS; PREDATION; SELECTION;
PATTERNS; THRUSHES; YOUNG; EDGE
AB Some species of mature-forest-nesting songbirds use regenerating clearcuts and forested wetlands during the postfledging period (between nesting and migration). Relatively dense vegetation structure and abundant food resources in non-mature-forest cover types have been hypothesized to explain this phenomenon. We examined the relative importance of vegetation structure and invertebrate availability on use of nonnesting cover types by adult and hatch-year Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla) and American Redstarts (Setophaga ruticilla) during the postfledging period of 2009 in northern Minnesota. We used mist nets to sample bird use of forested wetlands and regenerating clearcuts of three age groups: 16, 712, and 1619 yr after harvest. We modeled captures of birds using vegetation characteristics and invertebrate availability sampled around nets as explanatory variables. For all birds studied, captures were best explained by food availability and secondarily by vegetation characteristics including litter depth and woody debris for Ovenbirds and canopy height for American Redstarts. Shrub-level invertebrate availability received a cumulative weight of 0.740.99 in Akaike's information criterion corrected ranked models for adult and hatch-year birds of both species. Vegetation density and variation in vegetation density explained almost no variation in captures of either species. We conclude that both invertebrate availability and some vegetation characteristics influence use of nonnesting cover types by Ovenbirds and American Redstarts during the postfledging period, but that invertebrate availability is generally the stronger predictor of that use.
C1 [Streby, Henry M.; Peterson, Sean M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Andersen, David E.] US Geol Survey, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Streby, HM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 200 Hodson Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM streb006@umn.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey through Minnesota
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit [73]; U.S. Forest Service
FX This project was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the
U.S. Geological Survey through Research Work Order No. 73 at the
Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, with in-kind
support from the U.S. Forest Service. We captured, handled, and banded
birds following IACUC Protocol #0806A35761, approved by the University
of Minnesota Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. We extend our
gratitude to D. Johnson, J. Manolis, F. Cuthbert, and J. Refsnider for
comments on the manuscript, T. McAllister, J. Refsnider, A. Monroe, E.
Michel, D. Dessecker, A. Edmond, J. Hammers, K. Icknayan, C. Hill, K.
Colvin, and J. Gerchak for assistance with field data collection, and A.
Williamson and G. Alle for logistical support. Use of trade names does
not imply endorsement by either the U.S. Geological Survey or the
University of Minnesota.
NR 26
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0273-8570
J9 J FIELD ORNITHOL
JI J. Field Ornithol.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 4
BP 406
EP 414
DI 10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00343.x
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 860XT
UT WOS:000297982400006
ER
PT J
AU Seidensticker, MT
Holt, DW
Detienne, J
Talbot, S
Gray, K
AF Seidensticker, Mathew T.
Holt, Denver W.
Detienne, Jennifer
Talbot, Sandra
Gray, Kathy
TI THE JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH A QUARTERLY PUBLICATION OF THE RAPTOR
RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC.
SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Snowy Owl; Bubo scandiacus; molecular sexing; plumage characteristics;
sex; sex-ratios
ID SIZE DIMORPHISM; RANDOM FORESTS; BIRDS; SEX; CLASSIFICATION; EAGLES;
OWLS; DNA
AB We predicted sex of 140 Snowy Owl (Bubo scandiacus) nestlings out of 34 nests at our Barrow, Alaska, study area to develop a technique for sexing these owls in the field. We primarily sexed young, flightless owls (38-44 d old) by quantifying plumage markings on the remiges and tail, predicting sex, and collecting blood samples to test our field predictions using molecular sexing techniques. We categorized and quantified three different plumage markings: two types of bars (defined as markings that touch the rachis) and spots (defined as markings that do not touch the rachis). We predicted sex in the field assuming that males had more spots than bars and females more bars than spots on the remiges and rectrices. Molecular data indicated that we correctly sexed 100% of the nestlings. We modeled the data using random forests and classification trees. Both models indicated that the number and type of markings on the secondary feathers were the most important in classifying nestling sex. The statistical models verified our initial qualitative prediction that males have more spots than bars and females more bars than spots on flight feathers P6 P10 for both wings and tail feathers Ti and T2. This study provides researchers with an easily replicable and highly accurate method for sexing young Snowy Owls in the field, which should aid further studies of sex-ratios and sex-related variation in behavior and growth of this circumpolar owl species.
C1 [Seidensticker, Mathew T.; Holt, Denver W.; Detienne, Jennifer] Owl Res Inst, Charlo, MT 59824 USA.
[Talbot, Sandra] Alaska Sci Ctr, USGS Mol Ecol Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Gray, Kathy] Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Math & Stat, Chico, CA 95929 USA.
RP Seidensticker, MT (reprint author), Owl Res Inst, POB 39, Charlo, MT 59824 USA.
EM mat_seidensticker@yahoo.com
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC
PI HASTINGS
PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA
SN 0892-1016
J9 J RAPTOR RES
JI J. Raptor Res.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 4
BP 281
EP 289
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 865WL
UT WOS:000298341500001
ER
PT J
AU Bruggeman, JE
Andersen, DE
Woodford, JE
AF Bruggeman, Jason E.
Andersen, David E.
Woodford, James E.
TI NORTHERN GOSHAWK MONITORING IN THE WESTERN GREAT LAKES BIOREGION
SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis; occupancy; population monitoring;
raptors; stratified sampling; surveys; western Great Lakes bioregion
ID PREY ABUNDANCE; UNITED-STATES; HABITAT; FOREST; MINNESOTA; COVER;
REPRODUCTION; DISPERSAL; SURVIVAL; WEATHER
AB Uncertainties about factors affecting Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) ecology and the status of populations have added to the challenge of managing this species. To address data needs for determining the status of goshawk populations, Hargis and Woodbridge (2006) developed a bioregional monitoring protocol based on estimating occupancy. The goal of our study was to implement this protocol and collect data to determine goshawk population status in the western Great Lakes (WGL) bioregion, which encompasses portions of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan, and is a mixture of private and public property. We used 366 goshawk nest locations obtained between 1979 and 2006 throughout the WGL bioregion to develop a model of landscape use consisting of forest canopy cover and land-cover covariates. We then used the model to develop a stratified sampling design for selecting 600-ha Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) to survey for goshawks. Project collaborators surveyed 86 PSUs for goshawk presence using broadcasted calls twice between mid-May and mid-August 2008, and recorded 30 goshawk detections in 21 different PSUs. Seventy-four percent of detections occurred at call stations with canopy closure >75%. Goshawk detection probabilities were 0.549 +/- 0.118 (standard error) for the First visit to PSUs and 0.750 +/- 0.126 for the second visit. We estimated the proportion of PSUs occupied by goshawks as 0.266 +/- 0.047, which corresponded to 5184 +/- 914 PSUs occupied by goshawks in our study area and suggested that goshawks are widely, but sparsely, distributed throughout the WGL bioregion.
C1 [Bruggeman, Jason E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Andersen, David E.] Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Woodford, James E.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Endangered Resources Program, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA.
RP Bruggeman, JE (reprint author), Beartooth Wildlife Res LLC, Farmington, MN 55024 USA.
EM jbruggeman@frontiernet.net
FU U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Geological Survey's Minnesota Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit; University of Minnesota; Chequamegon-Nicolet
National Forest; Chippewa National Forest; Hiawatha National Forest;
Ottawa National Forest; Superior National Forest; Minnesota Department
of Natural Resources; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources;
Michigan Natural Features Inventory; Plum Creek Timber Company; Potlach
Corporation
FX This project was completed with funding and support from the U.S. Forest
Service, U.S. Geological Survey's Minnesota Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit, University of Minnesota, Chequamegon-Nicolet
National Forest, Chippewa National Forest, Hiawatha National Forest,
Ottawa National Forest, Superior National Forest, Minnesota Department
of Natural Resources, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources,
Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Plum Creek Timber Company, and
Potlach Corporation. We would like to acknowledge the numerous surveyors
who participated in data collection efforts and the private landowners
who provided access to their land during surveys. We would also like to
acknowledge J. Baldwin, D. Johnson, C. Voijta, and one anonymous
reviewer who provided suggestions and comments that improved previous
drafts of this manuscript. Use of trade names does not imply endorsement
by either the U.S. Geological Survey or the University of Minnesota.
NR 49
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 13
PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC
PI HASTINGS
PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA
SN 0892-1016
EI 2162-4569
J9 J RAPTOR RES
JI J. Raptor Res.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 4
BP 290
EP 303
PG 14
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 865WL
UT WOS:000298341500002
ER
PT J
AU Skipper, BR
Boal, CW
AF Skipper, Ben R.
Boal, Clint W.
TI FEMALE AMERICAN KESTREL SURVIVES DOUBLE AMPUTATION
SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Letter
DE American Kestrel; Falco sparverius; amputation; injury; leg-hold trap
ID INJURIES
C1 [Skipper, Ben R.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Boal, Clint W.] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Skipper, BR (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM ben.skipper@ttu.edu
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC
PI HASTINGS
PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA
SN 0892-1016
J9 J RAPTOR RES
JI J. Raptor Res.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 4
BP 374
EP 375
PG 2
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 865WL
UT WOS:000298341500013
ER
PT J
AU Williams, GJ
Knapp, IS
Maragos, JE
Davy, SK
AF Williams, Gareth J.
Knapp, Ingrid S.
Maragos, James E.
Davy, Simon K.
TI Response to Gardner et al.
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Williams, Gareth J.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92083 USA.
[Knapp, Ingrid S.; Davy, Simon K.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand.
[Maragos, James E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
RP Williams, GJ (reprint author), Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92083 USA.
EM gareth@ucsd.edu
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 62
IS 12
BP 2878
EP 2879
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.10.002
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 868JU
UT WOS:000298520400052
ER
PT J
AU Woodman, N
AF Woodman, Neal
TI Patterns of morphological variation amongst semifossorial shrews in the
highlands of Guatemala, with the description of a new species (Mammalia,
Soricomorpha, Soricidae)
SO ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Blarinini; Central America; Eulipotyphla; humerus; Insectivora; manus;
Soricinae
ID SMALL-EARED SHREW; GENUS CRYPTOTIS; INSECTIVORA
AB Members of the Cryptotis goldmani group of small-eared shrews (Mammalia, Soricomorpha, Soricidae) represent a clade within the genus that is characterized by modifications of the forelimb that include broadened forefeet, elongated and broadened foreclaws, and massive humeri with enlarged processes. These modifications are consistent with greater adaptation to their semifossorial habits than other members of the genus. The species in this group occur discontinuously in temperate highlands from southern Tamaulipas, Mexico, to Honduras. In Guatemala, there are three species: the relatively widespread Cryptotis goodwini and two species (Cryptotis lacertosus, Cryptotis mam) endemic to highland forests in the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes of western Guatemala. Ongoing studies focusing on the relationships of variation in cranial and postcranial skeletal morphology have revealed a fourth species from remnant cloud forest in the Sierra de Yalijux, central Guatemala. In this paper, I describe this new species and characterize its morphology relative to other species in the C. goldmani group and to other species of Cryptotis in Guatemala. In addition, I summarize available details of its habitat and ecology. (C) 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 163, 1267-1288. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00754.x
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Woodman, N (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM woodmann@si.edu
OI Woodman, Neal/0000-0003-2689-7373
NR 39
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0024-4082
J9 ZOOL J LINN SOC-LOND
JI Zool. J. Linn. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 163
IS 4
BP 1267
EP 1288
DI 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00754.x
PG 22
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 860KB
UT WOS:000297946100011
ER
PT J
AU Middleton, BA
McKee, KL
AF Middleton, Beth A.
McKee, Karen L.
TI SOIL WARMING ALTERS SEED-BANK RESPONSES ACROSS THE GEOGRAPHIC RANGE OF
FRESHWATER TAXODIUM DISTICHUM (CUPRESSACEAE) SWAMPS
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE baldcypress swamp; climate change; climate warming; macroecology;
Mississippi River Alluvial Valley; Taxodium distichum
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; GENETIC-VARIATION; PERIPHERAL-POPULATIONS; GERMINATION
RESPONSE; PLANT-DISTRIBUTION; TEMPERATURE; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS;
CONSERVATION; MIGRATION
AB Premise of the Study: Climate warming is predicted to have far-reaching effects on the distribution of species, but those effects may depend on the flexibility of regenerating species in responding to climate gradients. We conducted a study to determine whether the variation in the response of seed banks to temperature varied across the latitudinal range of Taxodium distichum swamps in North America.
Methods: The soil was collected in a long-term research network and heated experimentally to three current-day spring normal soil temperatures (average maximum daily spring normal soil temperatures during May in Illinois, Arkansas, and Louisiana, USA, respectively: 22 degrees, 25 degrees, and 29 degrees C). A "normal" is the mean temperature calculated over a 30-yr interval (1971-2000). Seed-bank density and biomass responses were examined in relation to latitude and difference in the soil temperature of the experiment and the spring normal.
Key Results: Using first- and second-order regression analysis, we determined that the variation in total germination density was lowest mid-range and in experimental soil temperatures similar to the spring normal. For some dominant species, the variance in germination density was higher in the northern (Cephalanthus occidentalis) or the southern part of the network (Saururus cernuus and Polygonum pensylvanicum). Overall, the variance of total biomass (root, shoot, whole plant) was higher if the experimental soil temperature was warmer than the spring normal.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that the regeneration of some populations of swamp species may have more flexibility to respond to climate warming than others.
C1 [Middleton, Beth A.; McKee, Karen L.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Middleton, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM middletonb@usgs.gov
RI McKee, Karen/D-1365-2014
OI McKee, Karen/0000-0001-7042-670X
NR 70
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 34
PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA
SN 0002-9122
J9 AM J BOT
JI Am. J. Bot.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 98
IS 12
BP 1943
EP 1955
DI 10.3732/ajb.1100246
PG 13
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 863PB
UT WOS:000298176800019
PM 22074775
ER
PT J
AU Graves, TA
Kendall, KC
Royle, JA
Stetz, JB
Macleod, AC
AF Graves, T. A.
Kendall, K. C.
Royle, J. A.
Stetz, J. B.
Macleod, A. C.
TI Linking landscape characteristics to local grizzly bear abundance using
multiple detection methods in a hierarchical model
SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian; Glacier National Park; Montana; density; detection
probability; habitat use; spatial mark-recapture; Ursus arctos
ID NONINVASIVE GENETIC SAMPLES; HABITAT SELECTION; REPLICATED COUNTS; SWAN
MOUNTAINS; MIXTURE-MODELS; URSUS-ARCTOS; POPULATION; MONTANA;
CONSERVATION; FRAMEWORK
AB Few studies link habitat to grizzly bear Ursus arctos abundance and these have not accounted for the variation in detection or spatial autocorrelation. We collected and genotyped bear hair in and around Glacier National Park in northwestern Montana during the summer of 2000. We developed a hierarchical Markov chain Monte Carlo model that extends the existing occupancy and count models by accounting for (1) spatially explicit variables that we hypothesized might influence abundance; (2) separate sub-models of detection probability for two distinct sampling methods (hair traps and rub trees) targeting different segments of the population; (3) covariates to explain variation in each sub-model of detection; (4) a conditional autoregressive term to account for spatial autocorrelation; (5) weights to identify most important variables. Road density and per cent mesic habitat best explained variation in female grizzly bear abundance; spatial autocorrelation was not supported. More female bears were predicted in places with lower road density and with more mesic habitat. Detection rates of females increased with rub tree sampling effort. Road density best explained variation in male grizzly bear abundance and spatial autocorrelation was supported. More male bears were predicted in areas of low road density. Detection rates of males increased with rub tree and hair trap sampling effort and decreased over the sampling period. We provide a new method to (1) incorporate multiple detection methods into hierarchical models of abundance; (2) determine whether spatial autocorrelation should be included in final models. Our results suggest that the influence of landscape variables is consistent between habitat selection and abundance in this system.
C1 [Graves, T. A.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Kendall, K. C.] US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Glacier Field Stn, W Chester, PA USA.
[Royle, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
[Stetz, J. B.] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Macleod, A. C.] Univ Montana, Cooperat Ecosyst Studies Unit, Glacier Field Stn, W Chester, PA USA.
RP Graves, TA (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, POB 15018, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM tabgra@yahoo.com
OI MACLEOD, AMY/0000-0002-6966-2278; Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
FU US Geological Survey; National Park Service; McIntyre-Stennis funds;
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Canon Corporation; EarthWatch
Institute; US Forest Service
FX We are grateful to 450 biologists, field and laboratory technicians,
data and IT specialists and scores of volunteers that contributed to the
success of this project. In particular, we want to acknowledge the
substantial contributions of: M. Blair, D. Carney, M. Coleman, M.
Fairchild, G. Heinz, R. Hickle, M. Johnson, T. Manley, N. Merz, D.
Paetkau, K. Peterson, D. Roon, L. Sanders, D. Schirokauer, L. Waits and
S. Wolff. We also thank other bear managers and researchers for sharing
data and providing field assistance, logistical support and advice,
including: T. Chilton, S. Courville, J. Jonkel, R. Mace, M. Madel, C.
Servheen, T. Radandt, J. Waller and E. Wenum and collaborating agencies:
Blackfeet Tribe, GNP, MT Department of Natural Resource Conservation, MT
Fish Wildlife and Parks, USFS - Flathead, Kootenai, and Lewis & Clark
National Forests and US Fish and Wildlife Service for their general
assistance, feedback and contributions to explanatory map layers. K. Ake
compiled the greenness layer and compiled much of the road and activity
layers. The DOI-USFS LANDFIRE team constructed the cover type layer - we
thank them for expediting the update of our study area. For a
description of contributions of each co-author please see supporting
information III. Funding was provided by US Geological Survey, National
Park Service NRPP and CCS programs, McIntyre-Stennis funds, National
Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Canon Corporation, EarthWatch Institute
and the US Forest Service. Finally, we thank C. Schwartz, B. Gardner, M.
Boyce, M. Schuab and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful
suggestions.
NR 76
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 45
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1367-9430
EI 1469-1795
J9 ANIM CONSERV
JI Anim. Conserv.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 14
IS 6
BP 652
EP 664
DI 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2011.00471.x
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 865SZ
UT WOS:000298331900009
ER
PT J
AU Dusek, RJ
Hall, JS
Nashold, SW
TeSlaa, JL
Ip, HS
AF Dusek, Robert J.
Hall, Jeffrey S.
Nashold, Sean W.
TeSlaa, Joshua L.
Ip, Hon S.
TI Evaluation of Nobuto Filter Paper Strips for the Detection of Avian
Influenza Virus Antibody in Waterfowl
SO AVIAN DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE antibody; avian influenza; blocking enzyme linked immunosorbent assay;
method; Nobuto
ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; WHOLE-BLOOD; PREVALENCE; SEROLOGY; SAMPLES;
BIRDS; SERUM
AB The utility of using Nobuto paper strips for the detection of avian influenza antibodies was examined in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) experimentally infected with low pathogenic avian influenza viruses. Blood was collected 2 wk after infection and was preserved either as serum or whole blood absorbed onto Nobuto strips. Analysis of samples using a commercially available blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed comparable results (>= 96% sensitivity for all methods) between sera stored at -30 C and the Nobuto strip preservation method even when the Nobuto strips were stored up to 3 mo at room temperature (RT). Significant differences were detected in the ratio of sample absorbance to negative control absorbance for Nobuto strips stored at RT compared with sera stored at -30 C, although these differences did not affect the ability of the test to reliably detect positive and negative samples. Nobuto strips are a convenient and sensitive alternative to the collection of serum samples when maintaining appropriate storage temperatures is difficult.
C1 [Dusek, Robert J.; Hall, Jeffrey S.; Nashold, Sean W.; TeSlaa, Joshua L.; Ip, Hon S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Dusek, RJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM rdusek@usgs.gov
OI Hall, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5599-2826; Dusek, Robert/0000-0001-6177-7479
FU Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health
(NIH) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
[HHSN266200700007C]
FX This work has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from
the Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of
Health (NIH) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases under
contract HHSN266200700007C.
NR 14
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS
PI ATHENS
PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA
SN 0005-2086
J9 AVIAN DIS
JI Avian Dis.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 55
IS 4
BP 674
EP 676
PG 3
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 868QQ
UT WOS:000298539000020
PM 22312989
ER
PT J
AU Kocovsky, PM
Tallman, JA
Jude, DJ
Murphy, DM
Brown, JE
Stepien, CA
AF Kocovsky, P. M.
Tallman, J. A.
Jude, D. J.
Murphy, D. M.
Brown, J. E.
Stepien, C. A.
TI Expansion of tubenose gobies Proterorhinus semilunaris into western Lake
Erie and potential effects on native species
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Corridor; mtDNA sequence; PCA; Substrate; Vegetation
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; ROUND GOBY; INVASION GENETICS; RISK ANALYSIS;
HABITAT USE; GOBIIDAE; FISHES; DANUBE; RIVER; ESTABLISHMENT
AB The Eurasian freshwater tubenose goby Proterorhinus semilunaris (formerly Proterorhinus marmoratus) invaded the Laurentian Great Lakes in the 1990s, presumably via ballast water from transoceanic cargo ships. Tubenose gobies spread throughout Lake St. Clair, its tributaries, and the Detroit River system, and also are present in the Duluth-Superior harbor of Lake Superior. Using seines and bottom trawls, we collected 113 tubenose gobies between July 2007 and August 2009 at several locations in western Lake Erie. The number and range of sizes of specimens collected suggest that that tubenose gobies have become established and self-sustaining in the western basin of Lake Erie. Tubenose gobies reached maximum densities in sheltered areas with abundant macrophyte growth, which also is their common habitat in native northern Black Sea populations. The diet of tubenose gobies was almost exclusively invertebrates, suggesting dietary overlap with other benthic fishes, such as darters (Etheostoma spp. and Percina sp.), madtoms (Noturus spp.), and sculpins (Cottus spp.). A single mitochondrial DNA haplotype was identified, which is the most common haplotype found in the original colonization area in the Lake St. Clair region, suggesting a founder effect. Tubenose gobies, like round gobies Neogobius melanostomus, have early life stages that drift owing to vertical migration, which probably allowed them to spread from areas of colonization. The Lake St. Clair-Lake Erie corridor appears to have served as an avenue for them to spread to the western basin of Lake Erie, and abundance of shallow macrophyte-rich habitats may be a key factor facilitating their further expansion within Lake Erie and the remainder of the Laurentian Great Lakes.
C1 [Kocovsky, P. M.] US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Tallman, J. A.; Jude, D. J.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Murphy, D. M.; Brown, J. E.; Stepien, C. A.] Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, Toledo, OH 43616 USA.
[Murphy, D. M.; Brown, J. E.; Stepien, C. A.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43616 USA.
RP Kocovsky, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
EM pkocovsky@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [CR-83281401-0]; National Science
Foundation [DEB-0456972]
FX We thank The Ohio State University Stone Laboratory personnel for their
assistance in providing transportation to North and Middle Bass Islands
for seining and John Gannon for assistance with seining. We thank Fred
Snyder, Steven Gratz, and Ben Dieffenbaher for saving tubenose gobies
from their seining activities around Gibraltar Island. Constructive
reviews were provided by Carey Knight, Maureen Walsh, and two anonymous
reviewers. Assistance with vessel operations and trawling was provided
by Tim Cherry, Dale Hall, and Mike Porta. The genetic portion of this
research was supported by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency #
CR-83281401-0 and National Science Foundation # DEB-0456972 to CAS. This
article is Contribution 1623 of the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes
Science Center and Contribution 2011-01 from the Lake Erie Research
Center.
NR 33
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Z9 18
U1 3
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 13
IS 12
BP 2775
EP 2784
DI 10.1007/s10530-011-9962-5
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 870CD
UT WOS:000298645800013
ER
PT J
AU Herrmann, RB
Benz, H
Ammon, CJ
AF Herrmann, R. B.
Benz, H.
Ammon, C. J.
TI Monitoring the Earthquake Source Process in North America
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID BAND REGIONAL SEISMOGRAMS; SOURCE PARAMETERS; SURFACE-WAVES; MOMENT
TENSORS; UNITED-STATES; SEISMIC ZONE; STRESS; CONSTRAINTS; SEQUENCE;
SPECTRA
AB With the implementation of the USGS National Earthquake Information Center Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response system (PAGER), rapid determination of earthquake moment magnitude is essential, especially for earthquakes that are felt within the contiguous United States. We report an implementation of moment tensor processing for application to broad, seismically active areas of North America. This effort focuses on the selection of regional crustal velocity models, codification of data quality tests, and the development of procedures for rapid computation of the seismic moment tensor. We systematically apply these techniques to earthquakes with reported magnitude greater than 3.5 in continental North America that are not associated with a tectonic plate boundary.
Using the 0.02-0.10 Hz passband, we can usually determine, with few exceptions, moment tensor solutions for earthquakes with M(w) as small as 3.7. The threshold is significantly influenced by the density of stations, the location of the earthquake relative to the seismic stations and, of course, the signal-to-noise ratio. With the existing permanent broadband stations in North America operated for rapid earthquake response, the seismic moment tensor of most earthquakes that are Mw 4 or larger can be routinely computed. As expected the nonuniform spatial pattern of these solutions reflects the seismicity pattern. However, the orientation of the direction of maximum compressive stress and the predominant style of faulting is spatially coherent across large regions of the continent.
C1 [Herrmann, R. B.] St Louis Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, St Louis, MO 63108 USA.
[Benz, H.] US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Ammon, C. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Herrmann, RB (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, ONeil Hall,3642 Lindell Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108 USA.
EM rbh@eas.slu.edu; benz@usgs.gov; charlesammon@psu.edu
FU USGS [05HQGR0047, 06HQGR0166]; NNSA [DOE DE-FC52-04NA25539]
FX This work is the culmination of many years of development of tools for
earthquake seismology research. Recent support has been from USGS Grants
05HQGR0047 and 06HQGR0166, NNSA Contract DOE DE-FC52-04NA25539. David
Harkrider provided a program that gives group velocities from the Larson
and Ekstrom (1999) predictions. G. Bensen provided his ground noise
tomography results. J. Pechmann, of the University of Utah Seismograph
Stations, provided the velocity model used to locate earthquakes in the
Yellowstone region. This paper would not have been possible without the
broadband seismic data acquired by the Geological Survey of Canada, the
U.S. Geological Survey, the permanent and portable networks of IRIS, and
the networks that are part of the USGS Advanced National Seismic System.
We appreciate the reviews by William Stephenson and Morgan Moschetti.
NR 36
TC 59
Z9 61
U1 1
U2 9
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 101
IS 6
BP 2609
EP 2625
DI 10.1785/0120110095
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 862UE
UT WOS:000298118800003
ER
PT J
AU Uhrhammer, RA
Hellweg, M
Hutton, K
Lombard, P
Walters, AW
Hauksson, E
Oppenheimer, D
AF Uhrhammer, R. A.
Hellweg, M.
Hutton, K.
Lombard, P.
Walters, A. W.
Hauksson, E.
Oppenheimer, D.
TI California Integrated Seismic Network (CISN) Local Magnitude
Determination in California and Vicinity
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID WOOD-ANDERSON SEISMOGRAMS; RECORDS
AB Determining local magnitude (M(L)) in a manner that is uniform and internally consistent for earthquakes throughout California and the vicinity is an important component of the California Integrated Seismic Network (CISN). We present a new local magnitude attenuation function and corresponding station adjustments that are valid throughout California. The new attenuation function is an analytic function of the radial hypocentral distance between 1 and 500 km. Associated station adjustments are also available for 1185 horizontal seismometer and accelerometer channels from five seismic networks operating in California. The new attenuation function and adjustments provide several advantages to CISN. They allow a more robust M(L) computation, the M(L)s are more consistent between northern and southern California than they have been in the past, and because adjustments are now available for more station-network-channel-location codes (SNCLs), M(L)s can be computed for small earthquakes in more locations than was previously possible. In addition to describing our method for calibrating the new CISN M(L), we also present a tool for adding adjustments for new or upgraded stations.
C1 [Uhrhammer, R. A.; Hellweg, M.; Lombard, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Seismol Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hutton, K.; Walters, A. W.; Hauksson, E.] CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Oppenheimer, D.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Uhrhammer, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Seismol Lab, 219 McCone Hall 4760, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM bob@seismo.berkeley.edu
OI Oppenheimer, David/0000-0002-6569-3640; Hauksson,
Egill/0000-0002-6834-5051
FU California Integrated Seismic Network (CISN); U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS); California Emergency Management Agency (CalEMA)
FX We acknowledge the support of this study by the California Integrated
Seismic Network (CISN; www.cisn.org), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS;
www.usgs.gov), and the California Emergency Management Agency (CalEMA;
www.calema.ca.gov).
NR 11
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 101
IS 6
BP 2685
EP 2693
DI 10.1785/0120100106
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 862UE
UT WOS:000298118800009
ER
EF