FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Mueller, CS
AF Mueller, Charles S.
TI The Influence of Maximum Magnitude on Seismic-Hazard Estimates in the
Central and Eastern United States (vol 100, pg 699, 2010)
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Correction
C1 US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Mueller, CS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mail Stop 966,POB 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM cmueller@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 100
IS 4
BP 1840
EP 1840
DI 10.1785/0120100089
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 632AQ
UT WOS:000280392700036
ER
PT J
AU Reid, ME
Keith, TEC
Kayen, RE
Iverson, NR
Iverson, RM
Brien, DL
AF Reid, Mark E.
Keith, Terry E. C.
Kayen, Robert E.
Iverson, Neal R.
Iverson, Richard M.
Brien, Dianne L.
TI Volcano collapse promoted by progressive strength reduction: new data
from Mount St. Helens
SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Edifice collapse; Shear strength; Mount St. Helens; Landslide
ID EDIFICE STABILITY; CASCADE RANGE; TENERIFE; FAILURE; RAINIER; WAVES
AB Rock shear strength plays a fundamental role in volcano flank collapse, yet pertinent data from modern collapse surfaces are rare. Using samples collected from the inferred failure surface of the massive 1980 collapse of Mount St. Helens (MSH), we determined rock shear strength via laboratory tests designed to mimic conditions in the pre-collapse edifice. We observed that the 1980 failure shear surfaces formed primarily in pervasively shattered older dome rocks; failure was not localized in sloping volcanic strata or in weak, hydrothermally altered rocks. Our test results show that rock shear strength under large confining stresses is reduced similar to 20% as a result of large quasi-static shear strain, as preceded the 1980 collapse of MSH. Using quasi-3D slope-stability modeling, we demonstrate that this mechanical weakening could have provoked edifice collapse, even in the absence of transiently elevated pore-fluid pressures or earthquake ground shaking. Progressive strength reduction could promote collapses at other volcanic edifices.
C1 [Reid, Mark E.; Keith, Terry E. C.; Kayen, Robert E.; Brien, Dianne L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Iverson, Neal R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Iverson, Richard M.] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Reid, ME (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM mreid@usgs.gov
NR 34
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0258-8900
EI 1432-0819
J9 B VOLCANOL
JI Bull. Volcanol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 72
IS 6
BP 761
EP 766
DI 10.1007/s00445-010-0377-4
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 634FE
UT WOS:000280564500010
ER
PT J
AU Kozdon, R
Kita, NT
Huberty, JM
Fournelle, JH
Johnson, CA
Valley, JW
AF Kozdon, Reinhard
Kita, Noriko T.
Huberty, Jason M.
Fournelle, John H.
Johnson, Craig A.
Valley, John W.
TI In situ sulfur isotope analysis of sulfide minerals by SIMS: Precision
and accuracy, with application to thermometry of similar to 3.5 Ga
Pilbara cherts
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Sphalerite; Ion microprobe; SIMS; Sulfur isotopes; NBS-123; Crystal
orientation effects
ID INDUCED RIPPLE TOPOGRAPHY; ION MICROPROBE ANALYSIS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
LASER MICROPROBE; S-34/S-32 RATIOS; OXYGEN ISOTOPES; MICROANALYSIS;
BOMBARDMENT; FRACTIONATION; ORIENTATION
AB Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) measurement of sulfur isotope ratios is a potentially powerful technique for in situ studies in many areas of Earth and planetary science. Tests were performed to evaluate the accuracy and precision of sulfur isotope analysis by SIMS in a set of seven well-characterized, isotopically homogeneous natural sulfide standards. The spot-to-spot and grain-to-grain precision for delta(34)S is +/- 0.3 parts per thousand for chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite, and +/- 0.2 parts per thousand. for pyrite (2SD) using a 1.6 nA primary beam that was focused to 10 mu m diameter with a Gaussian-beam density distribution. Likewise, multiple delta(34)S measurements within single grains of sphalerite are within +/- 0.3 parts per thousand. However, between individual sphalerite grains, delta(34)S varies by up to 3.4 parts per thousand and the grain-to-grain precision is poor (+/- 1.7 parts per thousand, n = 20). Measured values of delta(34)S correspond with analysis pit microstructures, ranging from smooth surfaces for grains with high delta(34)S values, to pronounced ripples and terraces in analysis pits from grains featuring low delta(34)S values. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) shows that individual sphalerite grains are single crystals, whereas crystal orientation varies from grain-to-grain. The 3.4 parts per thousand variation in measured delta(34)S between individual grains of sphalerite is attributed to changes in instrumental bias caused by different crystal orientations with respect to the incident primary Cs(+) beam. High delta(34)S values in sphalerite correlate to when the Cs(+) beam is parallel to the set of directions < uuw >, from [111] to [110], which are preferred directions for channeling and focusing in diamond-centered cubic crystals. Crystal orientation effects on instrumental bias were further detected in galena. However, as a result of the perfect cleavage along (100) crushed chips of galena are typically cube-shaped and likely to be preferentially oriented, thus crystal orientation effects on instrumental bias may be obscured. Test were made to improve the analytical precision of delta(34)S in sphalerite, and the best results were achieved by either reducing the depth of the analysis pits using a Kohler illuminated primary beam, or by lowering the total impact energy from 20 key to 13 keV. The resulting grain-to-grain precision in delta(34)S improves from +/- 1.7 parts per thousand to better than 0.6%. (2SD) in both procedures. With careful use of appropriate analytical conditions, the accuracy of SIMS analysis for delta(34)S approaches +/- 03 parts per thousand (2SD) for chalcopyrite, pyrite and pyrrhotite and +/- 0.6 parts per thousand for sphalerite. Measurements of delta(34)S in sub-20 mu m grains of pyrite and sphalerite in similar to 3.5 Ga cherts from the Pilbara craton, Western Australia show that this analytical technique is suitable for in situ sulfur isotope thermometry with +/- 50 degrees C accuracy in appropriate samples, however, sulfides are not isotopically equilibrated in analyzed samples. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kozdon, Reinhard; Kita, Noriko T.; Huberty, Jason M.; Fournelle, John H.; Valley, John W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, WiscSIMS, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Kozdon, Reinhard; Kita, Noriko T.; Huberty, Jason M.; Fournelle, John H.; Valley, John W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, NASA Astrobiol Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Johnson, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Kozdon, R (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, WiscSIMS, 1215 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM rkozdon@geology.wisc.edu
RI Valley, John/B-3466-2011; Kozdon, Reinhard/J-9468-2014; Kita,
Noriko/H-8035-2016
OI Valley, John/0000-0003-3530-2722; Kozdon, Reinhard/0000-0001-6347-456X;
Kita, Noriko/0000-0002-0204-0765
FU NASA Astrobiology Institute; NSF-EAR [0509639, 0838058, 0319230,
0516725, 0744079]; DOE [93ER14389]
FX The authors thank Brian Hess for careful sample preparation; Taka
Ushikubo for fruitful discussions; Jim Kern for technical support;
Virginia Toy for assistance with EBSD analysis and software handling;
Doug Crowe for providing samples, and Arthur Hickman, Aaron Cavosie, and
David Valley for assistance in collection of Pilbara cherts. Ian
Williams and an anonymous reviewer made helpful comments that improved
the manuscript. We thank Roberta Rudnick for editorial handling. This
study was funded by The NASA Astrobiology Institute, NSF-EAR (0509639,
0838058), and DOE (93ER14389). WiscSIMS is partly supported by NSF-EAR
(0319230, 0516725, 0744079).
NR 47
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U1 4
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 275
IS 3-4
BP 243
EP 253
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.05.015
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 634VW
UT WOS:000280614900012
ER
PT J
AU Ackerman, JT
Eagles-Smith, CA
AF Ackerman, Joshua T.
Eagles-Smith, Collin A.
TI ACCURACY OF EGG FLOTATION THROUGHOUT INCUBATION TO DETERMINE EMBRYO AGE
AND INCUBATION DAY IN WATERBIRD NESTS
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE age-determination techniques; egg flotation; embryo age; hatching date;
incubation day; nest age
ID CANADA GOOSE NESTS; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; DABBLING DUCKS; STAGE; SURVIVAL;
HATCHABILITY; NEGLECT; CHICKS; LENGTH; DATE
AB Floating bird eggs to estimate their age is a widely used technique, but few studies have examined its accuracy throughout incubation. We assessed egg flotation for estimating hatch date, day of incubation, and the embryo's developmental age in eggs of the American Avocet (Recurvirostra americana), Black-necked Stilt (Himantopus mexicanus), and Forster's Tern (Sterna forsteri). Predicted hatch dates based on egg flotation during our first visit to a nest were highly correlated with actual hatch dates (r = 0.99) and accurate within 2.3 +/- 1.7 (SD) days. Age estimates based on flotation were correlated with both day of incubation (r = 0.96) and the embryo's developmental age (r = 0.86) and accurate within 1.3 +/- 1.6 days and 1.9 +/- 1.6 days, respectively. However, the technique's accuracy varied substantially throughout incubation. Flotation overestimated the embryo's developmental age between 3 and 9 days, underestimated age between 12 and 21 days, and was most accurate between 0 and 3 days and 9 and 12 days. Age estimates based on egg flotation were generally accurate within 3 days until day 15 but later in incubation were biased progressively lower. Egg flotation was inaccurate and overestimated embryo age in abandoned nests (mean error: 7.5 +/- 6.0 days). The embryo's developmental age and day of incubation were highly correlated (r = 0.94), differed by 2.1 +/- 1.6 days, and resulted in similar assessments of the egg-flotation technique. Floating every egg in the clutch and refloating eggs at subsequent visits to a nest can refine age estimates.
C1 [Ackerman, Joshua T.; Eagles-Smith, Collin A.] Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis Field Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Ackerman, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis Field Stn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM jackerman@usgs.gov
OI Eagles-Smith, Collin/0000-0003-1329-5285
FU CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program; U.S. Geological Survey, Western
Ecological Research Center
FX This research was funded by the CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program,
with additional support from the U.S. Geological Survey, Western
Ecological Research Center. We thank Sarah Stoner-Duncan, Joel Shinn,
Danika Tsao, Robin Keister, Kathy Baumberger, Leslie Yen, and Bronwyn
McCullough for field and lab work, Julie Yee for statistical advice, and
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, California Department of Fish and
Game, San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory, and PRBO Conservation Science
for logistical support. Early versions of the manuscript were reviewed
by Nils Warnock, Mark Herzog, Julie Yee, and two anonymous reviewers.
The use of trade, product, or firm names in the publication is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
government.
NR 36
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U1 1
U2 11
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 3
BP 438
EP 446
DI 10.1525/cond.2010.090070
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 654XI
UT WOS:000282204000003
ER
PT J
AU Lukacs, PM
Kissling, ML
Reid, M
Gende, SM
Lewis, SB
AF Lukacs, Paul M.
Kissling, Michelle L.
Reid, Mason
Gende, Scott M.
Lewis, Stephen B.
TI TESTING ASSUMPTIONS OF DISTANCE SAMPLING ON A PELAGIC SEABIRD
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Brachyramphus brevirostris, detection proobability; distance sampling;
Kittlitz's Murrelet; line-transect sampling; seabirds
ID MARBLED MURRELETS; DENSITIES; SEA
AB Distance sampling along a line transect is used commonly for monitoring changes of birds' abundance at sea. A critical yet rarely tested assumption of line-transect-sampling theory is that all birds along the transect line (i.e., directly in front or the boat) are detected or that probability of detecting a bird on the line can be estimated. As part of a long-term research and monitoring program for the Kittlitz's Murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris), we tested the assumption of complete detection of murrelets on the water along a transect line directly in front of a moving boat. Following standard survey procedures, we approached groups of murrelets (n = 57) at sea and recorded their distance, response (diving or flying), and duration of response. Flying murrelets (n = 27) were easily detected, but diving birds (n = 30) were more difficult to detect because or the duration of their dive. The probability that a bird dove and remained underwater long enough to avoid detection was low because birds that dove more than 150 m from the boat surfaced before the boat passed whereas birds that "waited" to dive near the boat were easily detected prior to diving. The greatest probability of nondetection was for birds diving at 55 m (diving long enough for the boat to pass) but was only 0.032 +/- 0.007 (P + SE). These experiments quantifying detection probability along the transect line could be applied to any species surveyed from a boat.
C1 [Lukacs, Paul M.] Colorado Div Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Kissling, Michelle L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Reid, Mason] Wrangell St Elias Natl Pk & Preserve, Copper Ctr, AK 99573 USA.
[Gende, Scott M.] Natl Pk Serv, Glacier Bay Field Stn, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Lewis, Stephen B.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Wildlife Conservat, Juneau, AK 99824 USA.
RP Lukacs, PM (reprint author), Colorado Div Wildlife, 317 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM paul.lukacs@state.co.us
FU National Park Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX We thank the National Park Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
for funding and logistical support. We are grateful to Daniel Harrington
for his superior assistance in the field and George and Jill Davis for
their hospitality and watchful eye. Alsek Air and Yakutat Coastal
Airlines provided support in the field.
NR 15
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U1 1
U2 9
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 3
BP 455
EP 459
DI 10.1525/cond.2010.090204
PG 5
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 654XI
UT WOS:000282204000005
ER
PT J
AU Torres-Dowdall, J
Farmer, AH
Abril, M
Bucher, EH
Ridley, I
AF Torres-Dowdall, Julian
Farmer, Adrian H.
Abril, Monica
Bucher, Enrique H.
Ridley, Ian
TI TRACE ELEMENTS HAVE LIMITED UTILITY FOR STUDYING MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY
IN SHOREBIRDS THAT WINTER IN ARGENTINA
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE annual variability; contamination; Calidris; migration; spatial
variation
ID NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; STABLE-ISOTOPE RATIOS; BALD EAGLE FEATHERS;
LESSER SNOW GEESE; MINERAL PROFILES; SPRUCE GROUSE; BIRD FEATHERS;
IDENTIFICATION; ORIGINS; BUTTERFLIES
AB Trace-element analysis has been suggested as a tool for the study of migratory connectivity because (1) trace element abundance varies spatially in the environment, (2) trace elements are assimilated into animals' tissues through the diet, and (3) current technology permits the analysis of multiple trace elements in a small tissue sample, allowing the simultaneous exploration of several elements. We explored the potential of trace elements (B, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S. K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sr, Cs, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, and U) to clarify the migratory connectivity of shorebirds that breed in North America and winter in southern South America. We collected 66 recently replaced secondary feathers from Red Knots (Calidris canutus) at three sites in Patagonia and 76 from White-rumped Sandpipers (C. fuscicollis) at nine sites across Argentina. There were significant differences in trace-element abundance in shorebird feathers grown at different nonbreeding sites, and annual variability within a site was small compared to variability among sites. Across Argentina, there was no large-scale gradient in trace elements. The lack of such a gradient restricts the application of this technique to questions concerning the origin of shorebirds to a small number of discrete sites. Furthermore, our results including three additional species, the Pectoral Sandpiper (C. melanotos), Wilson's Phalarope (Phalaropus tricolor), and Collared Plover (Charadrius collaris), suggest that trace-element profiles change as feathers age. Temporal instability of trace-element values could undermine their application to the study of migratory connectivity in shorebirds.
C1 [Torres-Dowdall, Julian] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Farmer, Adrian H.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Abril, Monica] Univ Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Dept Ciencias Nat, RA-9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina.
[Bucher, Enrique H.] Univ Cordoba, Ctr Zool Aplicada, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina.
[Ridley, Ian] US Geol Survey, Geol Div, Minerals Resources Team, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Torres-Dowdall, J (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM jdowdall@lamar.colostate.edu
FU Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Argentina; Fulbright Foundation; U.S.
Geological Survey
FX R. Schroeder, C. Ghalambor, C. Handelsman, M. Huizinga, M. Ruiz Garcia,
K. Langin, M. A. Patten and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful
comments on earlier versions of the manuscript that significantly
improved it JTD was supported by a grant from the Master Program in
Wildlife Management, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Argentina, and the
Fulbright Foundation. The U.S. Geological Survey provided funding for
research. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
This work was conducted in compliance with laws of Argentina and the
United States of America.
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PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 3
BP 490
EP 498
DI 10.1525/cond.2010.090166
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 654XI
UT WOS:000282204000009
ER
PT J
AU Demers, SA
Takekawa, JY
Ackerman, JT
Warnock, N
Athearn, ND
AF Demers, Scott A.
Takekawa, John Y.
Ackerman, Joshua T.
Warnock, Nils
Athearn, Nicole D.
TI SPACE USE AND HABITAT SELECTION OF MIGRANT AND RESIDENT AMERICAN AVOCETS
IN SAN FRANCISCO BAY
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE American Avocet; habitat selection; home range; Recurvirostra americana;
San Francisco Bay; site fidelity; space use
ID WESTERN GREAT-BASIN; HOME-RANGE ANALYSIS; EXPERIMENTAL REFUGES;
MIGRATORY WATERFOWL; LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE; NOCTURNAL BEHAVIOR; AVIAN
COMMUNITIES; EVAPORATION PONDS; DANISH WETLANDS; SPATIAL SCALE
AB San Francisco Bay is a wintering area for shorebirds, including American Avocets (Recurvirostra americana). Recently, a new resident population of avocets has emerged, presumably because of the development of tidal marshes into salt-evaporation ponds. In habitat restoration now underway, as many as 90% of salt ponds will be restored to tidal marsh. However, it is unknown if wintering and resident avocets coexist and if their requirements for space and habitat differ, necessitating different management for their populations to be maintained during restoration. We captured and radio-marked wintering avocets at a salt pond and a tidal flat to determine their population status (migrant or resident) and examine their space use and habitat selection. Of the radio-marked avocets, 79% were migrants and 21% were residents. At the salt pond, residents' fidelity to their location of capture was higher, and residents moved less than did migrants from the same site. Conversely, on the tidal flat, fidelity of residents to their site of capture was lower, and residents' home ranges were larger than those of migrants from the same site. Habitat selection of migrants and residents differed little; however, capture site influenced habitat selection far more than the birds' status as migrants or residents. Our study suggests that individual avocets have high site fidelity while wintering in San Francisco Bay, although the avocet as a species is plastic in its space use and habitat selection. This plasticity may allow wintering migrant and resident avocets to adapt to habitat change in San Francisco Bay.
C1 [Demers, Scott A.; Takekawa, John Y.; Athearn, Nicole D.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Ackerman, Joshua T.] Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis Field Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Warnock, Nils] PRBO Conservat Sci, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA.
RP Demers, SA (reprint author), HT Harvey & Associates, 983 Univ Ave,Bldg D, Los Gatos, CA 95032 USA.
EM scottdemersl@gmail.com
FU CALFED Bay-Delta Program [ERP-02D-C12]; USGS Western Ecological Research
Center (WERC)
FX This research was funded by the CALFED Bay-Delta Program's Ecosystem
Restoration Program (ERP-02D-C12) with additional support from the USGS
Western Ecological Research Center (WERC). All research was reviewed by
the WERC Animal Care and Use Committee and the Humboldt State University
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee 04/05.W.59.A. We thank Jill
Bluso Demers, Collin Eagles-Smith, Terry Adelsbach, Stacy Moskal, Brooke
Hill, Joe Northrup, Kristen Dybla, Lindsay Dembosz, Emily Eppinger,
River Gates, Angela Rex, Mychal Truwe, and Ross Wilming for hard work
and dedication to this project. We greatly appreciate reviews by Jessie
Conklin, Jill Bluso Demers, Scott Terrill, Julie Yee, and Karen
Phillips. We especially thank Clyde Morris, the staff at the Don Edwards
San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge, and John Krause of the
California Department of Fish and Game for logistical support. The use
of trade, product, or firm names in this publication are for descriptive
purposes only and do not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
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PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 3
BP 511
EP 520
DI 10.1525/cond.2010.090060
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 654XI
UT WOS:000282204000012
ER
PT J
AU Weiser, EL
Powell, AN
AF Weiser, Emily L.
Powell, Abby N.
TI DOES GARBAGE IN THE DIET IMPROVE REPRODUCTIVE OUTPUT OF GLAUCOUS GULLS?
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE anthropogenic food subsidies; breeding biology; Glaucous Gull; human
development; Larus hyperboreus
ID HERRING GULL; ANTHROPOGENIC FOOD; LARUS-ARGENTATUS; STABLE ISOTOPES;
RANDOM FORESTS; BODY CONDITION; WESTERN GULLS; NEST SURVIVAL;
POPULATION; EGGS
AB Anthropogenic subsidies are used by a variety of predators in areas developed for human use or residence. If subsidies promote population growth, these predators can have a negative effect on local prey species. The Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus) is an abundant predator in northern Alaska that is believed to benefit from garbage as a supplemental food source, but this supposition has never been tested. In summer 2008 and 2009, we recorded the Glaucous Gull's diet and reproduction at 10 breeding colonies in northern Alaska. Colonies were in industrial, residential, and undeveloped areas and ranged from 5 to 75 km from the nearest landfill. By colony, garbage occurred in zero to 85% of pellets and food remains produced during the chick-rearing period, and the average number of chicks fledged per pair ranged from zero to 2.9. Random-forest analysis indicated that percent occurrence of garbage in the diet was the second most important factor (after number of eggs per pair) explaining variance in fledging rate. There was a significant positive correlation between percent occurrence of garbage in the diet and fledging rate in each year. If this correlation reflects a causal relationship, it suggests that human development that increases gulls' access to garbage could result in increased local gull populations. Such an increase could affect the gulls' natural prey species, including at least 14 species of shorebirds and waterfowl of conservation concern.
C1 [Weiser, Emily L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Powell, Abby N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Weiser, EL (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, POB 756100, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM emily.l.weiser@gmail.com
OI Weiser, Emily/0000-0003-1598-659X; Powell, Abby/0000-0002-9783-134X
FU North Slope Borough Department of Wildlife Management; U.S. Bureau of
Land Management Arctic Field Office; University of Alaska Foundation;
Alaska Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development
FX This study was funded by the North Slope Borough Department of Wildlife
Management (with a grant from NPR-A Impact Mitigation Program, Alaska
Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development), the U.S.
Bureau of Land Management Arctic Field Office, and a University of
Alaska Foundation Angus Gavin Migratory Bird Research Grant.
ConocoPhillips Alaska, Inc. provided additional support. We thank Ruby
Baxter and Erin McDonald for field assistance, and Robert Suydam, Debbie
Nigro, and Amie Benedict for logistical support. Amy Blanchard and Ron
Barry advised on statistical analysis. Alan Springer and Christine
Hunter provided comments that improved the manuscript. This study was
conducted under approval 07-46 of the Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee of the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
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PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 3
BP 530
EP 538
DI 10.1525/cond.2010.100020
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 654XI
UT WOS:000282204000014
ER
PT J
AU Kissling, ML
Lewis, SB
Pendleton, G
AF Kissling, Michelle L.
Lewis, Stephen B.
Pendleton, Grey
TI FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DETECTABILITY OF FOREST OWLS IN SOUTHEASTERN
ALASKA
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Barred Owl; detection probability; Northern Saw-whet Owl; occupancy;
point count; Western Screech-Owl
ID WESTERN SCREECH-OWLS; VOCALIZATIONS; OCCUPANCY; DYNAMICS
AB Patch-occupancy models offer a realistic approach to monitoring populations of nocturnal owls. However, because most owls are relatively rare, increasing the probability of detecting an owl at an occupied site will make estimates of occupancy more precise. We investigated the influence of temporal, biological, and environmental factors on rates of detection of forest owls in southeastern Alaska, 2005-2006. Following MacKenzie et al. (2006), we modeled probabilities of detection of the Northern Saw-whet Owl (Aegolius acadicus), Western Screech-Owl (Megascops kennicottii), and Barred Owl (Strix varia). We conducted 479 point counts over 100 days and detected owls 147 times. Sound broadcast increased detections 21-86% over silent surveys. During peak detection (9 April-8 May), probabilities (SE) of detection were 0.39 (0.13) for the Western Screech, 0.44 (0.16) for the Saw-whet, and 0.54 (0.25) for the Barred. For the Barred and Saw-whet, estimated occupancy probabilities (psi) were constant (i.e., did not vary with covariates), but for the Western Screech, iv was a function of whether large owls had been detected at a site, with estimated psi about 66% lower at sites with large owls. For the Western Screech detection probability increased after sunset. For the Barred, the pattern of detection probability was nonlinear in relation to time after sunset, being high near sunset and late at night. For the Saw-whet detection probabilities were most influenced by weather covariates, primarily precipitation and wind. We provide recommendations on allocating survey effort and increasing probabilities of detection of these three owls in southeastern Alaska.
C1 [Kissling, Michelle L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Lewis, Stephen B.; Pendleton, Grey] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Wildlife Conservat, Juneau, AK 99811 USA.
RP Kissling, ML (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 3000 Vintage Blvd,Suite 201, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM michelle_kissling@fws.gov
FU Alaska Department of Fish and Game; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX We acknowledge the superior field skills of Dan Cushing, Dan Harrington,
and Jason Wolle, who spent endless days and nights, usually in
horrendous weather, tracking radio-marked owls and conducting surveys.
We are grateful to Rich Lowell, Mary Meucchi, and Glen Ith for
logistical support throughout all aspects of this study. We thank Phil
Schempf, Lowell Suring, Greg Hayward, Carl Marti, Jack Whitman, Darryl
MacKenzie, Travis Booms, and Jeff Bromaghin for their useful and
critical review of our study plan, analyses, and draft manuscripts.
Riley Woodford was the technical brains behind the recording that we
used in broadcast surveys. We acknowledge the Juneau Raptor Center for
its partnership and contribution to this work. Funding and logistical
support were provided by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game and the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The Tongass National Forest, Petersburg
Ranger District, provided housing during our field work.
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 21
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 112
IS 3
BP 539
EP 548
DI 10.1525/cond.2010.090217
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 654XI
UT WOS:000282204000015
ER
PT J
AU Sutherland, WJ
Armstrong, D
Butchart, SHM
Earnhardt, JM
Ewen, J
Jamieson, I
Jones, CG
Lee, R
Newbery, P
Nichols, JD
Parker, KA
Sarrazin, F
Seddon, PJ
Shah, N
Tatayah, V
AF Sutherland, William J.
Armstrong, Doug
Butchart, Stuart H. M.
Earnhardt, Joanne M.
Ewen, John
Jamieson, Ian
Jones, Carl G.
Lee, Rebecca
Newbery, Peter
Nichols, James D.
Parker, Kevin A.
Sarrazin, Francois
Seddon, Philip J.
Shah, Nirmal
Tatayah, Vikash
TI Standards for documenting and monitoring bird reintroduction projects
SO CONSERVATION LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Birds; evidence-based conservation; reintroduction; translocation
ID NEW-ZEALAND; PHILESTURNUS-CARUNCULATUS; ASSISTED COLONIZATION;
TRANSLOCATION; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; BIOLOGY; SUCCESS
AB It would be much easier to assess the effectiveness of different reintroduction methods, and so improve the success of reintroductions, if there was greater standardization in documentation of the methods and outcomes. We suggest a series of standards for documenting and monitoring the methods and outcomes associated with reintroduction projects for birds. Key suggestions are: documenting the planned release before it occurs, specifying the information required on each release, postrelease monitoring occurring at standard intervals of 1 and 5 years (and 10 for long-lived species), carrying out a population estimate unless impractical, distinguishing restocked and existing individuals when supplementing populations, and documenting the results. We suggest these principles would apply, largely unchanged, to other vertebrate classes. Similar methods could be adopted for invertebrates and plants with appropriate modification. We suggest that organizations publically state whether they will adopt these approaches when undertaking reintroductions. Similar standardization would be beneficial for a wide range of topics in environmental monitoring, ecological studies, and practical conservation.
C1 [Sutherland, William J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Conservat Sci Grp, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England.
[Armstrong, Doug] Massey Univ, Wildlife Ecol Grp, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
[Butchart, Stuart H. M.] BirdLife Int, Wellbrook Court, Cambridge CB3 0NA, England.
[Earnhardt, Joanne M.] Lincoln Pk Zoo, Chicago, IL 60614 USA.
[Ewen, John] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England.
[Jamieson, Ian; Seddon, Philip J.] Univ Otago, Dept Zool, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[Jones, Carl G.] Durrell Wildlife Conservat Trust, Les Augres Manor, Trinity JE3 5BP, Jersey, England.
[Lee, Rebecca] Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge GL2 7BT, Glos, England.
[Newbery, Peter] Royal Soc Protect Birds, Sandy SG19 2DL, Beds, England.
[Nichols, James D.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
[Parker, Kevin A.] Massey Univ, Ecol & Conservat Grp, Inst Nat Sci, N Shore Mail Ctr, Auckland, New Zealand.
[Sarrazin, Francois] Univ Paris 06, UMR 7204 MNHN CNRS UPMC, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Tatayah, Vikash] Mauritian Wildlife Fdn, Vacoas, Mauritius.
RP Sutherland, WJ (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Conservat Sci Grp, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England.
EM w.sutherland@zoo.cam.ac.uk
RI Seddon, Philip/G-8659-2011; Sarrazin, Francois/B-7593-2013; Sutherland,
William/B-1291-2013;
OI Seddon, Philip/0000-0001-9076-9566; Sutherland,
William/0000-0002-6498-0437
FU Arcadia fund in the United Kingdom
FX We thank an anonymous referee, A. Baldi, C. Bradshaw, and T. Cade for
detailed comments. W.J.S. is funded by the Arcadia fund in the United
Kingdom.
NR 29
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 7
U2 48
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1755-263X
J9 CONSERV LETT
JI Conserv. Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 4
BP 229
EP 235
DI 10.1111/j.1755-263X.2010.00113.x
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 635BL
UT WOS:000280630500003
ER
PT J
AU Palguta, J
Schubert, G
Travis, BJ
AF Palguta, Jennifer
Schubert, Gerald
Travis, Bryan J.
TI Fluid flow and chemical alteration in carbonaceous chondrite parent
bodies
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE meteorites; meteorite composition; asteroids; geochemical modeling
ID OXYGEN-ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS; AQUEOUS ALTERATION;
CI CHONDRITES; TAGISH LAKE; CM; WATER; TRANSPORT; EVOLUTION; MINERALS
AB Carbonaceous chondrites are a class of primitive meteorites that likely represent early solar system materials, thus providing critical insights about planetary evolution. However, evidence shows that they have undergone considerable processing. Elucidating the complex formation history of aqueously altered chondrite groups has been a principal objective of cosmochemistry. Fulfilling this objective requires understanding the nature of the water-rock interactions involved. Many current alteration models are generally founded upon an assumption of uniform alteration in a closed system. In these models, different chondrite groups must originate on separate parent bodies. Contrary to this common view, we show that chondrite data are consistent with non-uniform alteration in a convecting system so that multiple chondrite groups can form within a single body. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Palguta, Jennifer; Schubert, Gerald] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Schubert, Gerald] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Travis, Bryan J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Palguta, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jpalguta@usgs.gov; schubert@ucla.edu; bjtravis@lanl.gov
FU NASA [NNX09AP29G]; LANL IGPP office
FX JP and GS acknowledge support from NASA Outer Planets grant NNX09AP29G.
BJT would like to thank the LANL IGPP office for partial support.
NR 72
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 296
IS 3-4
BP 235
EP 243
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.05.003
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 638ZJ
UT WOS:000280940300007
ER
PT J
AU Celebi, M
Bazzurro, P
Chiaraluce, L
Clemente, P
Decanini, L
DeSortis, A
Ellsworth, W
Gorini, A
Kalkan, E
Marcucci, S
Milana, G
Mollaioli, F
Olivieri, M
Paolucci, R
Rinaldis, D
Rovelli, A
Sabetta, F
Stephens, C
AF Celebi, Mehmet
Bazzurro, Paolo
Chiaraluce, Lauro
Clemente, Paolo
Decanini, Luis
DeSortis, Adriano
Ellsworth, William
Gorini, Antonella
Kalkan, Erol
Marcucci, Sandro
Milana, Guiliano
Mollaioli, Fabrizio
Olivieri, Marco
Paolucci, Roberto
Rinaldis, Dario
Rovelli, Antonio
Sabetta, Fabio
Stephens, Christopher
TI Recorded Motions of the 6 April 2009 M-w 6.3 L'Aquila, Italy, Earthquake
and Implications for Building Structural Damage: Overview
SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA
LA English
DT Article
DE earthquake engineering; maintenance engineering; reinforced concrete;
structural engineering; walls
ID PEAK HORIZONTAL ACCELERATION; RESPONSE SPECTRA; GROUND MOTION; FAULT;
ATTENUATION; PARAMETERS; MODEL
AB The normal-faulting earthquake of 6 April 2009 in the Abruzzo Region of central Italy caused heavy losses of life and substantial damage to centuries-old buildings of significant cultural importance and to modern reinforced-concrete-framed buildings with hollow masonry infill walls. Although structural deficiencies were significant and widespread, the study of the characteristics of strong motion data from the heavily affected area indicated that the short duration of strong shaking may have spared many more damaged buildings from collapsing. It is recognized that, with this caveat of short-duration shaking, the infill walls may have played a very important role in preventing further deterioration or collapse of many buildings. It is concluded that better new or retrofit construction practices that include reinforced-concrete shear walls may prove helpful in reducing risks in such seismic areas of Italy, other Mediterranean countries, and even in United States, where there are large inventories of deficient structures. [DOI: 10.1193/1.3450317]
C1 [Celebi, Mehmet; Ellsworth, William; Kalkan, Erol; Stephens, Christopher] US Geol Survey MS977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Bazzurro, Paolo] AIRWorldwide, San Francisco, CA USA.
[Chiaraluce, Lauro; Milana, Guiliano; Olivieri, Marco; Rovelli, Antonio] INGV, Rome, Italy.
[Clemente, Paolo; Rinaldis, Dario] ENEA, Casaccia, Italy.
[Decanini, Luis; Mollaioli, Fabrizio] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
[Paolucci, Roberto] Politecn Milan, Milan, Italy.
RP Celebi, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey MS977, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RI Chiaraluce, Lauro/A-4410-2012; De Sortis, Adriano/R-6118-2016;
OI Chiaraluce, Lauro/0000-0002-9697-6504; De Sortis,
Adriano/0000-0002-3387-8261; bazzurro, paolo/0000-0001-6107-9451;
Mollaioli, Fabrizio/0000-0002-1828-1459
NR 46
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 2
U2 9
PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST
PI OAKLAND
PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA
SN 8755-2930
J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA
JI Earthq. Spectra
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 3
BP 651
EP 684
DI 10.1193/1.3450317
PG 34
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA 633HG
UT WOS:000280491900004
ER
PT J
AU Jaiswal, K
Wald, D
Porter, K
AF Jaiswal, Kishor
Wald, David
Porter, Keith
TI A Global Building Inventory for Earthquake Loss Estimation and Risk
Management
SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA
LA English
DT Article
DE construction industry; earthquake engineering; inventory management;
risk analysis
ID DAMAGE SCENARIOS
AB We develop a global database of building inventories using taxonomy of global building types for use in near-real-time post-earthquake loss estimation and pre-earthquake risk analysis, for the U.S. Geological Survey's Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response (PAGER) program. The database is available for public use, subject to peer review, scrutiny, and open enhancement. On a country-by-country level, it contains estimates of the distribution of building types categorized by material, lateral force resisting system, and occupancy type (residential or nonresidential, urban or rural). The database draws on and harmonizes numerous sources: (1) UN statistics, (2) UN Habitat's demographic and health survey (DHS) database, (3) national housing censuses, (4) the World Housing Encyclopedia and (5) other literature. [DOI: 10.1193/1.3450316]
C1 [Jaiswal, Kishor; Wald, David] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA.
[Porter, Keith] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Jaiswal, K (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA.
EM kjaiswal@usgs.gov
OI Wald, David/0000-0002-1454-4514
NR 30
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 7
PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST
PI OAKLAND
PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA
SN 8755-2930
J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA
JI Earthq. Spectra
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 3
BP 731
EP 748
DI 10.1193/1.3450316
PG 18
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA 633HG
UT WOS:000280491900007
ER
PT J
AU Reeves, MK
Jensen, P
Dolph, CL
Holyoak, M
Trust, KA
AF Reeves, Mari K.
Jensen, Peter
Dolph, Christine L.
Holyoak, Marcel
Trust, Kimberly A.
TI Multiple stressors and the cause of amphibian abnormalities
SO ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
LA English
DT Article
DE abnormality; Alaska, USA; amphibian; invertebrate predators; Kenai
National Wildlife Refuge; malformation; Lithobates sylvaticus; metals;
Rana sylvatica; wood frog
ID ALASKA; MALFORMATIONS; FROGS; ACCUMULATION; TEMPERATURE; PROXIMITY;
TADPOLES; RISK
AB The repeated occurrence of abnormal amphibians in nature points to ecological imbalance, yet identifying causes of these abnormalities has proved complex. Multiple studies have linked amphibian abnormalities to chemically contaminated areas, but inference about causal mechanisms is lacking. Here we use a high incidence of abnormalities in Alaskan wood frogs to strengthen inference about the mechanism for these abnormalities. We suggest that limb abnormalities are caused by a combination of multiple stressors. Specifically, toxicants lead to increased predation, resulting in more injuries to developing limbs and subsequent developmental malformations. We evaluated a variety of putative causes of frog abnormalities at 21 wetlands on the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, south-central Alaska, USA, between 2004 and 2006. Variables investigated were organic and inorganic contaminants, parasite infection, abundance of predatory invertebrates, UVB, and temperature. Logistic regression and model comparison using the Akaike information criterion (AIC) identified dragonflies and both organic and inorganic contaminants as predictors of the frequency of skeletal abnormalities. We suggest that both predators and contaminants alter ecosystem dynamics to increase the frequency of amphibian abnormalities in contaminated habitat. Future experiments should test the causal mechanisms by which toxicants and predators may interact to cause amphibian limb abnormalities.
C1 [Reeves, Mari K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage Fisheries & Ecol Serv Off, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[Reeves, Mari K.; Holyoak, Marcel] Univ Calif Davis, Ecol Grad Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Reeves, Mari K.; Holyoak, Marcel] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Jensen, Peter] Integral Consulting Inc, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Dolph, Christine L.] Univ Minnesota, Water Resources Sci Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Trust, Kimberly A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Reeves, MK (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage Fisheries & Ecol Serv Off, 605 W 4th Ave,Room G-61, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
EM mari_reeves@fws.gov
RI Holyoak, Marcel/C-3475-2009;
OI Holyoak, Marcel/0000-0001-9727-3627
FU USFWS Division of Environmental Quality [7N23, DEC ID 200470001]
FX We thank the following: staff at KNWR, C. Caldes, J. Hall, J. Morton,
and R. West; Unocal, Chevron, and Marathon Oil Co. employees, especially
G. Merle; at UC-Davis, M. Johnson, A. K. Miles, and N. Willits; for
field assistance, E. Brown, M. Fan, S. Jensen, S. Keys, N. Maxon, E.
Moreno, M. Nemeth, M. Perdue, J. Ramos, C. Schudel, J. Stout, H.
Tangermann, C. Wall, and H. Zimmer; for parasitology, D. Larson
(University of Alaska, Fairbanks) and P. Johnson (University of
Colorado, Boulder); for radiography, D. Green (USGS), L. Guderyahn (Ball
State University), and M. Lannoo (Indiana University); and for
invertebrate sampling and assessment, W. Walton (UC-Riverside). We honor
the memory of D. Sutherland, formerly with the University of Wisconsin,
La Crosse, who performed most parasitology for this project. The USFWS
Division of Environmental Quality provided financial support (FFS Number
7N23; DEC ID 200470001).
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 39
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9615
J9 ECOL MONOGR
JI Ecol. Monogr.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 80
IS 3
BP 423
EP 440
DI 10.1890/09-0879.1
PG 18
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 624FF
UT WOS:000279801300004
ER
PT J
AU Cleveland, CC
Wieder, WR
Reed, SC
Townsend, AR
AF Cleveland, Cory C.
Wieder, William R.
Reed, Sasha C.
Townsend, Alan R.
TI Experimental drought in a tropical rain forest increases soil carbon
dioxide losses to the atmosphere
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon cycle; climate change; experimental drought; Golfo Dulce Forest
Reserve, Costa Rica; soil respiration; tropical rain forest
ID HAWAIIAN MONTANE FORESTS; DRY-SEASON IRRIGATION; ORGANIC-MATTER;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; EXTRACTION METHOD; AMAZON
FOREST; NITROUS-OXIDE; NITRIC-OXIDE; COSTA-RICA
AB Climate models predict precipitation changes for much of the humid tropics, yet few studies have investigated the potential consequences of drought on soil carbon (C) cycling in this important biome. In wet tropical forests, drought could stimulate soil respiration via overall reductions in soil anoxia, but previous research suggests that litter decomposition is positively correlated with high rainfall fluxes that move large quantities of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from the litter layer to the soil surface. Thus, reduced rainfall could also limit C delivery to the soil surface, reducing respiration rates. We conducted a throughfall manipulation experiment to investigate how 25% and 50% reductions in rainfall altered both C movement into soils and the effects of those DOM fluxes on soil respiration rates. In response to the experimental drought, soil respiration rates increased in both the -25% and -50% treatments. Throughfall fluxes were reduced by 26% and 55% in the -25% and -50% treatments, respectively. However, total DOM fluxes leached from the litter did not vary between treatments, because the concentrations of leached DOM reaching the soil surface increased in response to the simulated drought. Annual DOM concentrations averaged 7.7 +/- 0.8, 11.2 +/- 0.9, and 15.8 +/- 1.2 mg C/L in the control, -25%, and -50% plots, respectively, and DOM concentrations were positively correlated with soil respiration rates. A laboratory incubation experiment confirmed the potential importance of DOM concentration on soil respiration rates, suggesting that this mechanism could contribute to the increase in CO(2) fluxes observed in the reduced rainfall plots. Across all plots, the data suggested that soil CO(2) fluxes were partially regulated by the magnitude and concentration of soluble C delivered to the soil, but also by soil moisture and soil oxygen availability. Together, our data suggest that declines in precipitation in tropical rain forests could drive higher CO(2) fluxes to the atmosphere both via increased soil O(2) availability and through responses to elevated DOM concentrations.
C1 [Cleveland, Cory C.; Reed, Sasha C.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Wieder, William R.; Townsend, Alan R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Wieder, William R.; Townsend, Alan R.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Reed, Sasha C.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
RP Cleveland, CC (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, 32 Campus Dr,CHCB 423B, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM Cory.Cleveland@umontana.edu
RI Young, Kristina/M-3069-2014;
OI WIEDER, WILLIAM/0000-0001-7116-1985
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0515744, DEB 0852916]
FX We thank W. Combronero-Castro for his invaluable assistance with
fieldwork in Costa Rica. We thank H. Michaud and M. Jimenez of the Drake
Bay Wilderness Camp for providing field access and logistical support,
and we also thank F. Campos Rivera, the Organizacion para Estudios
Tropicales (OET), and the Ministerio de Ambiente y Energia (MINAE) for
assisting with research permits and logistics in Costa Rica. P. Taylor
provided valuable discussions and insight during the data analysis and
interpretation, and J. Leff, R. Kimmel, M. Martin, and T. Dietzler
assisted with the laboratory and data analyses. We are grateful to W.
Silver for providing valuable suggestions during the planning and
implementation phases of the experiment and to E. Davidson and one
anonymous reviewer for valuable comments and suggestions on the
submitted manuscript. National Science Foundation Grants DEB 0515744 and
DEB 0852916 supported this work.
NR 52
TC 55
Z9 63
U1 12
U2 92
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 8
BP 2313
EP 2323
DI 10.1890/09-1582.1
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 628WA
UT WOS:000280153500015
PM 20836453
ER
PT J
AU McClintock, BT
Bailey, LL
Pollock, KH
Simons, TR
AF McClintock, Brett T.
Bailey, Larissa L.
Pollock, Kenneth H.
Simons, Theodore R.
TI Unmodeled observation error induces bias when inferring patterns and
dynamics of species occurrence via aural detections
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE auditory detection; colonization; detection probability; false negative;
false positive; imperfect detection; local extinction; measurement
error; monitoring; observation error; site occupancy; species occurrence
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; DETECTION PROBABILITIES; RECAPTURE DATA;
OBSERVER BIAS; POINT COUNTS; DETECTABILITY; POPULATIONS; ABUNDANCE;
MODELS; MARK
AB The recent surge in the development and application of species occurrence models has been associated with an acknowledgment among ecologists that species are detected imperfectly due to observation error. Standard models now allow unbiased estimation of occupancy probability when false negative detections occur, but this is conditional on no false positive detections and sufficient incorporation of explanatory variables for the false negative detection process. These assumptions are likely reasonable in many circumstances, but there is mounting evidence that false positive errors and detection probability heterogeneity may be much more prevalent in studies relying on auditory cues for species detection (e.g., songbird or calling amphibian surveys). We used field survey data from a simulated calling anuran system of known occupancy state to investigate the biases induced by these errors in dynamic models of species occurrence. Despite the participation of expert observers in simplified field conditions, both false positive errors and site detection probability heterogeneity were extensive for most species in the survey. We found that even low levels of false positive errors, constituting as little as 1% of all detections, can cause severe overestimation of site occupancy, colonization, and local extinction probabilities. Further, unmodeled detection probability heterogeneity induced substantial underestimation of occupancy and overestimation of colonization and local extinction probabilities. Completely spurious relationships between species occurrence and explanatory variables were also found. Such misleading inferences would likely have deleterious implications for conservation and management programs. We contend that all forms of observation error, including false positive errors and heterogeneous detection probabilities, must be incorporated into the estimation framework to facilitate reliable inferences about occupancy and its associated vital rate parameters.
C1 [McClintock, Brett T.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Bailey, Larissa L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Pollock, Kenneth H.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Simons, Theodore R.] N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, N Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP McClintock, BT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM brett.mcclintock@gmail.com
RI Bailey, Larissa/A-2565-2009
FU U.S. Geological Survey Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative
FX This project was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Amphibian Research
and Monitoring Initiative. We thank our volunteer observers, A.
Braswell, E. Corey, J. Hall, J. Humphries, and L. Weir, for their time
and support.
NR 21
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 2
U2 32
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 8
BP 2446
EP 2454
DI 10.1890/09-1287.1
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 628WA
UT WOS:000280153500028
PM 20836466
ER
PT J
AU Dorazio, RM
Kery, M
Royle, JA
Plattner, M
AF Dorazio, Robert M.
Kery, Marc
Royle, J. Andrew
Plattner, Matthias
TI Models for inference in dynamic metacommunity systems
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biodiversity; colonization; extinction; incidence matrix; occupancy
model
ID SPECIES COOCCURRENCE PATTERNS; AMPHIBIAN METACOMMUNITY; BIOLOGICAL
COMMUNITIES; OCCUPANCY MODELS; LOCAL EXTINCTION; SITE OCCUPANCY; NEUTRAL
THEORY; RICHNESS; DETECTABILITY; DIVERSITY
AB A variety of processes are thought to be involved in the formation and dynamics of species assemblages. For example, various metacommunity theories are based on differences in the relative contributions of dispersal of species among local communities and interactions of species within local communities. Interestingly, metacommunity theories continue to be advanced without much empirical validation. Part of the problem is that statistical models used to analyze typical survey data either fail to specify ecological processes with sufficient complexity or they fail to account for errors in detection of species during sampling. In this paper, we describe a statistical modeling framework for the analysis of metacommunity dynamics that is based on the idea of adopting a unified approach, multispecies occupancy modeling, for computing inferences about individual species, local communities of species, or the entire metacommunity of species. This approach accounts for errors in detection of species during sampling and also allows different metacommunity paradigms to be specified in terms of species- and location-specific probabilities of occurrence, extinction, and colonization: all of which are estimable. In addition, this approach can be used to address inference problems that arise in conservation ecology, such as predicting temporal and spatial changes in biodiversity for use in making conservation decisions. To illustrate, we estimate changes in species composition associated with the species- specific phenologies of flight patterns of butterflies in Switzerland for the purpose of estimating regional differences in biodiversity.
C1 [Dorazio, Robert M.] US Geol Survey, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Dorazio, Robert M.] Univ Florida, Dept Stat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Kery, Marc] Swiss Ornithol Inst, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.
[Royle, J. Andrew] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Plattner, Matthias] Hintermann & Weber AG, Ecol Consultancy Planning & Res, Reinach, Switzerland.
RP Dorazio, RM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM bdorazio@usgs.gov
OI Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
NR 43
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 5
U2 65
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 8
BP 2466
EP 2475
DI 10.1890/09-1033.1
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 628WA
UT WOS:000280153500030
PM 20836468
ER
PT J
AU Wibbelt, G
Kurth, A
Hellmann, D
Weishaar, M
Barlow, A
Veith, M
Pruger, J
Gorfol, T
Grosche, L
Bontadina, F
Zophel, U
Seidl, HP
Cryan, PM
Blehert, DS
AF Wibbelt, Gudrun
Kurth, Andreas
Hellmann, David
Weishaar, Manfred
Barlow, Alex
Veith, Michael
Prueger, Julia
Goerfoel, Tamas
Grosche, Lena
Bontadina, Fabio
Zoephel, Ulrich
Seidl, Hans-Peter
Cryan, Paul M.
Blehert, David S.
TI White-Nose Syndrome Fungus (Geomyces destructans) in Bats, Europe
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID KERATINOPHILIC FUNGI; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; RDNA; SOIL
AB White-nose syndrome is an emerging disease in North America that has caused substantial declines in hibernating bats. A recently identified fungus (Geomyces destructans) causes skin lesions that are characteristic of this disease. Typical signs of this infection were not observed in bats in North America before white-nose syndrome was detected. However, unconfirmed reports from Europe indicated white fungal growth on hibernating bats without associated deaths. To investigate these differences, hibernating bats were sampled in Germany, Switzerland, and Hungary to determine whether G. destructans is present in Europe. Microscopic observations, fungal culture, and genetic analyses of 43 samples from 23 bats indicated that 21 bats of 5 species in 3 countries were colonized by G. destructans. We hypothesize that G. destructans is present throughout Europe and that bats in Europe may be more immunologically or behaviorally resistant to G. destructans than their congeners in North America because they potentially coevolved with the fungus.
C1 [Wibbelt, Gudrun] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, Wildlife Dis Pathol Grp, D-10315 Berlin, Germany.
[Kurth, Andreas] Robert Koch Inst, D-1000 Berlin, Germany.
[Hellmann, David] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, D-2900 Oldenburg, Germany.
[Weishaar, Manfred] Bat Conservat Working Grp, Gusterath, Germany.
[Barlow, Alex] Vet Lab Agcy, Somerset, South Africa.
[Veith, Michael] Univ Trier, Trier, Germany.
[Prueger, Julia] Coordinat Agcy Bat Protect Thuringia, Erfurt, Germany.
[Goerfoel, Tamas] Nat Conservat Fdn Tolna Cty, Szekszard, Hungary.
[Grosche, Lena] Echolot GbR, Munster, Germany.
[Bontadina, Fabio] SWILD Urban Ecol & Wildlife Res, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Zoephel, Ulrich] Saxonian State Off Environm Agr & Geol, Dresden, Germany.
[Seidl, Hans-Peter] Tech Univ Munich, Munich, Germany.
[Cryan, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Blehert, David S.] US Geol Survey, Madison, WI USA.
RP Wibbelt, G (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, Wildlife Dis Pathol Grp, Alfred Kowalke Str 17, D-10315 Berlin, Germany.
EM wibbelt@izw-berlin.de
RI Gorfol, Tamas/F-7688-2010; Barlow, Alex/C-9908-2011; APHA, Staff
publications/E-6082-2010;
OI Gorfol, Tamas/0000-0002-1910-4024; Cryan, Paul/0000-0002-2915-8894
FU Bat Conservation Switzerland
FX This study was supported by Bat Conservation Switzerland.
NR 35
TC 76
Z9 81
U1 4
U2 96
PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 8
BP 1237
EP 1243
DI 10.3201/eid1608.100002
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 632TX
UT WOS:000280452600007
PM 20678317
ER
PT J
AU Belcher, CN
Jennings, CA
AF Belcher, Carolyn N.
Jennings, Cecil A.
TI Utility of mesohabitat features for determining habitat associations of
subadult sharks in Georgia's estuaries
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Essential fish habitat; Subadult sharks; Canonical correlation analysis;
Discriminant analysis
ID JUVENILE SANDBAR SHARKS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; CARCHARHINUS-PLUMBEUS; MOVEMENT
PATTERNS; FLORIDA ESTUARY; SUMMER NURSERY; BAY; VIRGINIA; AREA
AB We examined the affects of selected water quality variables on the presence of subadult sharks in six of nine Georgia estuaries. During 231 longline sets, we captured 415 individuals representing nine species. Atlantic sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon terranovae), bonnethead (Sphyrna tiburo), blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) and sandbar shark (C. plumbeus) comprised 96.1% of the catch. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was used to assess environmental influences on the assemblage of the four common species. Results of the CCA indicated Bonnethead Shark and Sandbar Shark were correlated with each other and with a subset of environmental variables. When the species occurred singly, depth was the defining environmental variable; whereas, when the two co-occurred, dissolved oxygen and salinity were the defining variables. Discriminant analyses (DA) were used to assess environmental influences on individual species. Results of the discriminant analyses supported the general CCA findings that the presence of bonnethead and sandbar shark were the only two species that correlated with environmental variables. In addition to depth and dissolved oxygen, turbidity influenced the presence of sandbar shark. The presence of bonnethead shark was influenced primarily by salinity and turbidity. Significant relationships existed for both the CCA and DA analyses; however, environmental variables accounted for < 16% of the total variation in each. Compared to the environmental variables we measured, macrohabitat features (e.g., substrate type), prey availability, and susceptibility to predation may have stronger influences on the presence and distribution of subadult shark species among sites.
C1 [Belcher, Carolyn N.] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Marine Fisheries Sect, Coastal Resources Div, Brunswick, GA 31520 USA.
[Jennings, Cecil A.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, DB Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Belcher, CN (reprint author), Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Marine Fisheries Sect, Coastal Resources Div, 1 Conservat Way,Suite 300, Brunswick, GA 31520 USA.
EM carolyn_belcher@dnr.state.ga.us
FU National Marine Fisheries Service; National Marine Fisheries Service's
Highly Migratory Species Division in Silver Spring, MD; US Geological
Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, GA Department of Natural
Resources; University of Georgia; Wildlife Management Institute
FX The University of Georgia Marine Extension Service provided field
support and personnel needed to conduct this project. Robert Cooper,
Gary Grossman, and Randy Walker provided useful comments to an earlier
draft of this manuscript. We would like to extend our appreciation to
the three reviewers who provided additional comments and edits to this
manuscript. Funding for this project was administered through the
National Marine Fisheries Service's Apex Predator Program in
Narragansett, RI as part of a larger cooperative grant sponsored by
National Marine Fisheries Service's Highly Migratory Species Division in
Silver Spring, MD. The Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit is sponsored jointly by the US Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, GA Department of Natural Resources, the University of
Georgia, and the Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 6
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 88
IS 4
BP 349
EP 359
DI 10.1007/s10641-010-9648-3
PG 11
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 620LQ
UT WOS:000279501800007
ER
PT J
AU Craven, SW
Peterson, JT
Freeman, MC
Kwak, TJ
Irwin, E
AF Craven, Scott W.
Peterson, James T.
Freeman, Mary C.
Kwak, Thomas J.
Irwin, Elise
TI Modeling the Relations Between Flow Regime Components, Species Traits,
and Spawning Success of Fishes in Warmwater Streams
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Hierarchical models; Information theoretic; Flow management
ID HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; LARGE RIVERS; ABUNDANCE;
ASSEMBLAGES; VARIABILITY; LIMITS; BASIN
AB Modifications to stream hydrologic regimes can have a profound influence on the dynamics of their fish populations. Using hierarchical linear models, we examined the relations between flow regime and young-of-year fish density using fish sampling and discharge data from three different warmwater streams in Illinois, Alabama, and Georgia. We used an information theoretic approach to evaluate the relative support for models describing hypothesized influences of five flow regime components representing: short-term high and low flows; short-term flow stability; and long-term mean flows and flow stability on fish reproductive success during fish spawning and rearing periods. We also evaluated the influence of ten fish species traits on fish reproductive success. Species traits included spawning duration, reproductive strategy, egg incubation rate, swimming locomotion morphology, general habitat preference, and food habits. Model selection results indicated that young-of-year fish density was positively related to short-term high flows during the spawning period and negatively related to flow variability during the rearing period. However, the effect of the flow regime components varied substantially among species, but was related to species traits. The effect of short-term high flows on the reproductive success was lower for species that broadcast their eggs during spawning. Species with cruiser swimming locomotion morphologies (e.g., Micropterus) also were more vulnerable to variable flows during the rearing period. Our models provide insight into the conditions and timing of flows that influence the reproductive success of warmwater stream fishes and may guide decisions related to stream regulation and management.
C1 [Peterson, James T.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Freeman, Mary C.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Kwak, Thomas J.] N Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Biol, N Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Irwin, Elise] Auburn Univ, US Geol Survey, Alabama Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Peterson, JT (reprint author), Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM peterson@warnell.uga.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Georgia
Department of Natural Resources; University of Georgia; Wildlife
Management Institute; North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission,
North Carolina State University; Alabama Department of Conservation and
Natural Resources, Auburn University
FX A number of people were instrumental in providing assistance with this
project. We are particularly indebted to the many technicians,
volunteers, and graduate students who conducted the field portions of
this study including: T.M. Skelly, the late M.J. Sule, and C. Shea.
Funding for this analysis was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey
through the National Park Service Science Support Program. The
manuscript was improved with suggestions from C.R. Jackson, J. Long and
anonymous reviewers. The use of trade, product, industry or firm names
or products is for informative purposes only and does not constitute an
endorsement by the U.S. Government or the U.S. Geological Survey. The
Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is sponsored by the
U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Georgia
Department of Natural Resources, the University of Georgia, and the
Wildlife Management Institute. The North Carolina Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit is sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission, North Carolina State University, and the Wildlife Management
Institute. The Alabama Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources,
Auburn University, and the Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 68
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 2
BP 181
EP 194
DI 10.1007/s00267-010-9511-5
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 642SO
UT WOS:000281237800004
PM 20559635
ER
PT J
AU Dinehart, SK
Smith, LM
McMurry, ST
Smith, PN
Anderson, TA
Haukos, DA
AF Dinehart, Simon K.
Smith, Loren M.
McMurry, Scott T.
Smith, Philip N.
Anderson, Todd A.
Haukos, David A.
TI Acute and chronic toxicity of Roundup Weathermax (R) and Ignite (R) 280
SL to larval Spea multiplicata and S. bombifrons from the Southern High
Plains, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Amphibian decline; Glyphosate; Herbicide; Roundup
ID PLAYA WETLANDS; VISION(R) HERBICIDE; AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES; FOREST
WETLANDS; LIFE STAGES; BODY-SIZE; LAND-USE; AMPHIBIANS; GLYPHOSATE;
PESTICIDES
AB Pesticides have been implicated in widespread amphibian declines. We assessed acute and chronic toxicity of two widely used herbicides to larval New Mexico (Spea multiplicata) and Plains (S. bombifrons) spadefoots from cropland and native grassland playas. Roundup WeatherMAX (R) (WM) toxicity estimates (48- and 216-h LC50; 48-h LC1) for both species were similar to environmental concentrations expected from accidental overspray. Chronic (30-day) exposure to WM at predicted environmental concentrations (2.0 and 2.8 mg glyphosate acid equivalents/L) reduced survival of both species. Ignite (R) 280 SL (IG) toxicity estimates (48-h LC50 and LC1) for both species were above predicted environmental concentrations of 1.0 mg glufosinate/L. Chronic exposure to predicted environmental concentrations of IG did not reduce survival of either species. Toxicity test results suggest that at predicted environmental concentrations IG would not cause extensive mortalities among larval New Mexico and Plains spadefoots. However, WM may cause extensive mortality among larvae of these species. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dinehart, Simon K.; Smith, Loren M.; McMurry, Scott T.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Zool, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Smith, Philip N.; Anderson, Todd A.] Texas Tech Univ, Inst Environm & Human Hlth, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Haukos, David A.] Texas Tech Univ, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Dinehart, SK (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Zool, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM simon.dinehart@okstate.edu
FU Caesar Kleberg Foundation for Wildlife Conservation
FX We thank John Allen Jones, Edward Black, and Karlee Dinehart for
valuable assistance with these experiments. Funding was provided by the
Caesar Kleberg Foundation for Wildlife Conservation.
NR 66
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 158
IS 8
BP 2610
EP 2617
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.05.006
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 634HM
UT WOS:000280571500014
PM 20541298
ER
PT J
AU Herring, G
Ackerman, JT
Eagles-Smith, CA
AF Herring, Garth
Ackerman, Joshua T.
Eagles-Smith, Collin A.
TI EMBRYO MALPOSITION AS A POTENTIAL MECHANISM FOR MERCURY-INDUCED HATCHING
FAILURE IN BIRD EGGS
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Embryo deformity; Embryo malposition; Mercury; San Francisco Bay;
Selenium
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS; IBISES EUDOCIMUS-ALBUS;
PHALACROCORAX-AURITUS; METHYL MERCURY; GREAT-LAKES; DIETARY
METHYLMERCURY; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; FORSTERS TERNS; AQUATIC BIRDS
AB We examined the prevalence of embryo malpositions and deformities in relation to total mercury (THg) and selenium (Se) concentrations in American avocet (Recurvirostra americana), black-necked stilt (Himantopus mexicanus), and Forster's tern (Sterna forsteri) eggs in San Francisco Bay (CA, USA) during 2005 to 2007. Overall, 11% of embryos were malpositioned in eggs >= 18 d of age (n = 282) and 2% of embryos were deformed in eggs >= 13 d of age (n = 470). Considering only those eggs that failed to hatch (n = 62), malpositions occurred in 24% of eggs >= 18 d of age and deformities occurred in 7% of eggs >= 13 d of age. The probability of an embryo being malpositioned increased with egg THg concentrations in Forster's terns, but not in avocets or stilts. The probability of embryo deformity was not related to egg THg concentrations in any species. Using a reduced dataset with both Se and THg concentrations measured in eggs (n = 87), we found no interaction between Se and THg on the probability of an embryo being malpositioned or deformed. Results of the present study indicate that embryo malpositions were prevalent in waterbird eggs that failed to hatch and the likelihood of an embryo being malpositioned increased with egg THg concentrations in Forster's terns. We hypothesize that malpositioning of avian embryos may be one reason for mercury-related hatching failure that occurs late in incubation, but further research is needed to elucidate this potential mechanism. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:1788-1794. (C) 2010 SETAC
C1 [Herring, Garth; Ackerman, Joshua T.; Eagles-Smith, Collin A.] Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Davis Field Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Herring, Garth] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Herring, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Davis Field Stn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM gherring@ucdavis.edu
OI Eagles-Smith, Collin/0000-0003-1329-5285
FU CALFED Bay Ecosystem Restoration Program [ERP-02D-C12]; Don Edwards San
Francisco Bay National Wildlife
FX This research was funded by the CALFED Bay Ecosystem Restoration Program
(grant ERP-02D-C12). The Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife
Refuge staff provided support and cooperation. We thank Robin Keister,
Sarah Stoner-Duncan, Joe Northrup, Lindsay Dembosz, and Terry Adelsbach
for field and lab work, and Julie Yee for statistical advice. Gary Heinz
and Mark Ricca provided valuable comments on previous drafts of the
article. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 70
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 8
BP 1788
EP 1794
DI 10.1002/etc.208
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 633EB
UT WOS:000280481200018
PM 20821633
ER
PT J
AU Nichols, JW
Bennett, RS
Rossmann, R
French, JB
Sappington, KG
AF Nichols, John W.
Bennett, Richard S.
Rossmann, Ronald
French, John B.
Sappington, Keith G.
TI A PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED TOXICOKINETIC MODEL FOR METHYLMERCURY IN FEMALE
AMERICAN KESTRELS
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Physiologically based model; Methylmercury; American kestrel
ID GAVIA-IMMER CHICKS; LAKES-INFLUENCED SECTIONS; BREEDING COMMON LOONS; 3
MICHIGAN RIVERS; METHYL MERCURY; DOSE-RESPONSE; PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL;
BILIARY-EXCRETION; SEABIRD FEATHERS; CHEMICAL FORM
AB A physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model was developed to describe the uptake, distribution, and elimination of methylmercury (CH(3)Hg) in female American kestrels. The model consists of six tissue compartments corresponding to the brain, liver, kidney, gut, red blood cells, and remaining carcass. Additional compartments describe the elimination of CH(3)Hg to eggs and growing feathers. Dietary uptake of CH(3)Hg was modeled as a diffusion-limited process, and the distribution of CH(3)Hg among compartments was assumed to be mediated by the flow of blood plasma. To the extent possible, model parameters were developed using information from American kestrels. Additional parameters were based on measured values for closely related species and allometric relationships for birds. The model was calibrated using data from dietary dosing studies with American kestrels. Good agreement between model simulations and measured CH(3)Hg concentrations in blood and tissues during the loading phase of these studies was obtained by fitting model parameters that control dietary uptake of CH(3)Hg and possible hepatic demethylation. Modeled results tended to underestimate the observed effect of egg production on circulating levels of CH(3)Hg. In general, however, simulations were consistent with observed patterns of CH(3)Hg uptake and elimination in birds, including the dominant role of feather molt. This model could be used to extrapolate CH(3)Hg kinetics from American kestrels to other bird species by appropriate reassignment of parameter values. Alternatively, when combined with a bioenergetics-based description, the model could be used to simulate CH(3)Hg kinetics in a long-term environmental exposure. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:1854-1867. (C) 2010 SETAC
C1 [Nichols, John W.; Bennett, Richard S.; Rossmann, Ronald] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, MidContinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
[French, John B.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Sappington, Keith G.] US EPA, Off Prevent Pesticides & Toxic Subst, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Nichols, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, MidContinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
EM nichols.john@epa.gov
NR 70
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 25
PU SETAC PRESS
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 8
BP 1854
EP 1867
DI 10.1002/etc.241
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 633EB
UT WOS:000280481200027
PM 20821642
ER
PT J
AU Wipfli, MS
Baxter, CV
AF Wipfli, Mark S.
Baxter, Colden V.
TI Linking Ecosystems, Food Webs, and Fish Production: Subsidies in
Salmonid Watersheds
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKI; STREAM-RESIDENT SALMONIDS; SPAWNING PACIFIC
SALMON; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; ALDER ALNUS-RUBRA; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA;
TERRESTRIAL INVERTEBRATES; FRESH-WATER; HEADWATER STREAMS;
MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES
AB Physical characteristics of riverine habitats, such as large wood abundance, pool geometry and abundance, riparian vegetation cover, and surface flow conditions, have traditionally been thought to constrain fish production in these ecosystems. Conversely, the role of food resources (quantity and quality) in controlling fish production has received far less attention and consideration, though they can also be key productivity drivers. Traditional freshwater food web illustrations have typically conveyed the notion that most fish food is produced within the local aquatic habitat itself, but the concepts and model we synthesize in this article show that most fish food comes from external or very distant sources-including subsidies from marine systems borne from adult returns of anadromous fishes, from fishless headwater tributaries that transport prey to downstream fish, and from adjacent streamside vegetation and associated habitats. The model we propose further illustrates how key trophic pathways and food sources vary through time and space throughout watersheds. Insights into how food supplies affect fishes can help guide how we view riverine ecosystems, their structure and function, their interactions with marine and terrestrial systems, and how we manage natural resources, including fish, riparian habitats, and forests.
C1 [Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Baxter, Colden V.] Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
RP Wipfli, MS (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM mwipfli@alaska.edu
FU NSF [DEB-05161361, EPS-08-14387]
FX We thank Jeremy Monroe with Freshwaters Illustrated for creating figures
1-4. Thanks to John Richardson, Jack Stanford, Chris Binckley, and
anonymous graduate students for providing insightful feedback on earlier
drafts. Salary support provided by NSF to CVB (DEB-05161361,
EPS-08-14387).
NR 127
TC 77
Z9 78
U1 11
U2 86
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 8
BP 373
EP 387
DI 10.1577/1548-8446-35.8.373
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 649PR
UT WOS:000281785200003
ER
PT J
AU Jennings, MJ
Sloss, BL
Hatzenbeler, GR
Kampa, JM
Simonson, TD
Avelallemant, SP
Lindenberger, GA
Underwood, BD
AF Jennings, Martin J.
Sloss, Brian L.
Hatzenbeler, Gene R.
Kampa, Jeffrey M.
Simonson, Timothy D.
Avelallemant, Steven P.
Lindenberger, Gary A.
Underwood, Bruce D.
TI Implementation of Genetic Conservation Practices in a Muskellunge
Propagation and Stocking Program
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID SPAWNING HABITAT; ESOX-MASQUINONGY; FRESH-WATER; MANAGEMENT; SALMON
AB Conservation of genetic resources is a challenging issue for agencies managing popular sport fishes. To address the ongoing potential for genetic risks, we developed a comprehensive set of recommendations to conserve genetic diversity of muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) in Wisconsin, and evaluated the extent to which the recommendations can be implemented. Although some details are specific to Wisconsin's muskellunge propagation program, many of the practical issues affecting implementation are applicable to other species and production systems. We developed guidelines to restrict future broodstock collection operations to lakes with natural reproduction and to develop a set of brood lakes to use on a rotational basis within regional stock boundaries, but implementation will require considering lakes with variable stocking histories. Maintaining an effective population size sufficient to minimize the risk of losing alleles requires limiting broodstock collection to large lakes. Recommendations to better approximate the temporal distribution of spawning in hatchery operations and randomize selection of brood fish are feasible. Guidelines to modify rearing and distribution procedures face some logistic constraints. An evaluation of genetic diversity of hatchery-produced fish during 2008 demonstrated variable success representing genetic variation of the source population. Continued evaluation of hatchery operations will optimize operational efficiency while moving toward genetic conservation goals.
C1 [Jennings, Martin J.; Hatzenbeler, Gene R.; Kampa, Jeffrey M.] Bur Sci Serv, Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Spooner, WI USA.
[Sloss, Brian L.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
[Avelallemant, Steven P.] WDNR, Rhinelander, WI USA.
RP Jennings, MJ (reprint author), Bur Sci Serv, Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Spooner, WI USA.
EM Martin.Jennings@Wisconsin.gov
FU SFR [F-95-P]
FX We thank the staff of the Gov. Thompson Hatchery and the Art Oehmcke
Hatchery for their cooperation with implementation of new procedures.
The state Muskellunge Management Advisory Team provided candid feedback
through the process; we thank them for their input. Funding was provided
by SFR Grant F-95-P to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Ed
Murphy and Brandon Spude provided laboratory assistance. We thank Ryan
Franckowiak, Al Kaas, Jen Hauxwell, and two anonymous reviewers for
constructive and insightful suggestions that improved earlier drafts of
the manuscript.
NR 25
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U1 4
U2 19
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 8
BP 388
EP 395
DI 10.1577/1548-8446-35.8.388
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 649PR
UT WOS:000281785200004
ER
PT J
AU Tian, YQ
Yu, Q
Zimmerman, MJ
Flint, S
Waldron, MC
AF Tian, Yong Q.
Yu, Qian
Zimmerman, Marc J.
Flint, Suzanne
Waldron, Marcus C.
TI Differentiating aquatic plant communities in a eutrophic river using
hyperspectral and multispectral remote sensing
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aquatic macrophytes; hyperspectral; multispectral; remote sensing
ID SUBMERGED VEGETATION; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; ABSORPTION FEATURES;
MACROPHYTES; COVER; INDEXES; BIOMASS; LEAVES; BAY
AB P>1. This study evaluates the efficacy of remote sensing technology to monitor species composition, areal extent and density of aquatic plants (macrophytes and filamentous algae) in impoundments where their presence may violate water-quality standards.
2. Multispectral satellite (IKONOS) images and more than 500 in situ hyperspectral samples were acquired to map aquatic plant distributions. By analyzing field measurements, we created a library of hyperspectral signatures for a variety of aquatic plant species, associations and densities. We also used three vegetation indices. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), near-infrared (NIR)-Green Angle Index (NGAI) and normalized water absorption depth (D(H))(,) at wavelengths 554, 680, 820 and 977 nm to differentiate among aquatic plant species composition, areal density and thickness in cases where hyperspectral analysis yielded potentially ambiguous interpretations.
3. We compared the NDVI derived from IKONOS imagery with the in situ, hyperspectral-derived NDVI. The IKONOS-based images were also compared to data obtained through routine visual observations. Our results confirmed that aquatic species composition alters spectral signatures and affects the accuracy of remote sensing of aquatic plant density. The results also demonstrated that the NGAI has apparent advantages in estimating density over the NDVI and the D(H).
4. In the feature space of the three indices, 3D scatter plot analysis revealed that hyperspectral data can differentiate several aquatic plant associations. High-resolution multispectral imagery provided useful information to distinguish among biophysical aquatic plant characteristics. Classification analysis indicated that using satellite imagery to assess Lemna coverage yielded an overall agreement of 79% with visual observations and > 90% agreement for the densest aquatic plant coverages.
5. Interpretation of biophysical parameters derived from high-resolution satellite or airborne imagery should prove to be a valuable approach for assessing the effectiveness of management practices for controlling aquatic plant growth in inland waters, as well as for routine monitoring of aquatic plants in lakes and suitable lentic environments.
C1 [Tian, Yong Q.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Earth & Ocean Sci, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Yu, Qian] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Zimmerman, Marc J.; Waldron, Marcus C.] USGS MA RI Water Sci Ctr, Northborough, MA USA.
[Flint, Suzanne] Org Assabet River, Concord, MA USA.
RP Tian, YQ (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Earth & Ocean Sci, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
EM yong.tian@umb.edu
RI Yu, Qian/A-6787-2010; Tian, Yong/A-6793-2010
FU Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection; U.S. Geological
Survey's Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center
FX The authors thank Prof. Roger Jones, Associate Editor, and two anonymous
referees for their invaluable comments and suggestions on previous
drafts of the manuscript. This study was supported, in part, by funding
from the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection through a
cooperative programme with the U.S. Geological Survey's
Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center. Use of a trade,
product, or firm name is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 27
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U1 0
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0046-5070
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 8
BP 1658
EP 1673
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02400.x
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 623IZ
UT WOS:000279734300007
ER
PT J
AU Prentice, CS
Weber, JC
Crosby, CJ
Ragona, D
AF Prentice, Carol S.
Weber, John C.
Crosby, Christopher J.
Ragona, Daniel
TI Prehistoric earthquakes on the Caribbean-South American plate boundary,
Central Range fault, Trinidad
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID VENEZUELA; HISTORY; MOTION
AB Recent geodetic studies suggest that the Central Range fault is the principal plate-boundary structure accommodating strike-slip motion between the Caribbean and South American plates. Our study shows that the fault forms a topographically prominent lineament in central Trinidad. Results from a paleoseismic investigation at a site where Holocene sediments have been deposited across the Central Range fault indicate that it ruptured the ground surface most recently between 2710 and 550 yr B. P. If the geodetic slip rate of 9-15 mm/yr is representative of Holocene slip rates, our paleoseismic data suggest that at least 4.9 m of potential slip may have accumulated on the fault and could be released during a future large earthquake (M > 7).
C1 [Prentice, Carol S.; Crosby, Christopher J.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Weber, John C.] Grand Valley State Univ, Dept Geol, Allendale, MI 49401 USA.
[Ragona, Daniel] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92121 USA.
RP Prentice, CS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
FU Trinidad and Tobago Ministry of Energy and Energy Industries
FX We thank the Trinidad and Tobago Ministry of Energy and Energy
Industries for financial support. We also thank Samlalsingh residents
and landowners Lindrum Subedar, Ferooz Boodram, Basdeo Ball, and Mahadeo
Swoknanan for access to their farms and for field assistance. We thank
Alan Nelson, Paul Mann, Maritia Tuttle, and James Pindell for helpful
reviews. Thanks to Anthony Rodriguez and Martha Roldan for assistance
with figures.
NR 15
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Z9 8
U1 0
U2 8
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 8
BP 675
EP 678
DI 10.1130/G30927.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 624UT
UT WOS:000279847900001
ER
PT J
AU McCoy, SW
Kean, JW
Coe, JA
Staley, DM
Wasklewicz, TA
Tucker, GE
AF McCoy, Scott W.
Kean, Jason W.
Coe, Jeffrey A.
Staley, Dennis M.
Wasklewicz, Thad A.
Tucker, Gregory E.
TI Evolution of a natural debris flow: In situ measurements of flow
dynamics, video imagery, and terrestrial laser scanning
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSE GRANULAR FLOWS; ITALIAN ALPS; DEPOSITION; EROSION; RUNOFF
AB Many theoretical and laboratory studies have been undertaken to understand debris-flow processes and their associated hazards. However, complete and quantitative data sets from natural debris flows needed for confirmation of these results are limited. We used a novel combination of in situ measurements of debris-flow dynamics, video imagery, and pre- and postflow 2-cm-resolution digital terrain models to study a natural debris-flow event. Our field data constrain the initial and final reach morphology and key flow dynamics. The observed event consisted of multiple surges, each with clear variation of flow properties along the length of the surge. Steep, highly resistant, surge fronts of coarse-grained material without measurable pore-fluid pressure were pushed along by relatively fine-grained and water-rich tails that had a wide range of pore-fluid pressures (some two times greater than hydrostatic). Surges with larger nonequilibrium pore-fluid pressures had longer travel distances. A wide range of travel distances from different surges of similar size indicates that dynamic flow properties are of equal or greater importance than channel properties in determining where a particular surge will stop. Progressive vertical accretion of multiple surges generated the total thickness of mapped debris-flow deposits; nevertheless, deposits had massive, vertically unstratified sedimentological textures.
C1 [McCoy, Scott W.; Tucker, Gregory E.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[McCoy, Scott W.; Tucker, Gregory E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kean, Jason W.; Coe, Jeffrey A.; Staley, Dennis M.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Wasklewicz, Thad A.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Geog, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
RP McCoy, SW (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
OI Kean, Jason/0000-0003-3089-0369; Coe, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0842-9608;
TUCKER, GREGORY/0000-0003-0364-5800
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0239749, EAR-0643240]; U.S.
Geological Survey
FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF)
Graduate Fellowship, NSF CAREER grant 0239749, NSF grant EAR-0643240,
and the U.S. Geological Survey landslide hazards program. Richard
Iverson, Robert Anderson, Brian McArdell, Stephen Lancaster, and an
anonymous reviewer provided thoughtful comments that greatly improved
this manuscript. We would like to thank Joe Gartner, Ray Surprenant, Cal
Scheinert, and Nick Sutfin for field assistance, and Randy Amen for help
with the design and construction of the force plate.
NR 21
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U1 2
U2 30
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 8
BP 735
EP 738
DI 10.1130/G30928.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 624UT
UT WOS:000279847900016
ER
PT J
AU Morin, RH
Williams, T
Henrys, SA
Magens, D
Niessen, F
Hansaraj, D
AF Morin, Roger H.
Williams, Trevor
Henrys, Stuart A.
Magens, Diana
Niessen, Frank
Hansaraj, Dhiresh
TI Heat Flow and Hydrologic Characteristics at the AND-1B borehole, ANDRILL
McMurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SUBMARINE HYDROGEOLOGY; TEMPERATURE PROFILES;
ROSS-ISLAND; FLUID-FLOW; PERMEABILITY; CALIFORNIA; SEDIMENTS; PRESSURE;
REGIME
AB The Antarctic Drilling Program (ANDRILL) successfully drilled and cored a borehole, AND-1B, beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf and into a flexural moat basin that surrounds Ross Island. Total drilling depth reached 1285 m below seafloor (mbsf) with 98 percent core recovery for the detailed study of glacier dynamics. With the goal of obtaining complementary information regarding heat flow and permeability, which is vital to understanding the nature of marine hydrogeologic systems, a succession of three temperature logs was recorded over a five-day span to monitor the gradual thermal recovery toward equilibrium conditions. These data were extrapolated to true, undisturbed temperatures, and they define a linear geothermal gradient of 76.7 K/km from the seafloor to 647 mbsf. Bulk thermal conductivities of the sedimentary rocks were derived from empirical mixing models and density measurements performed on core, and an average value of 1.5 W/mK +/- 10 percent was determined. The corresponding estimate of heat flow at this site is 115 mW/m(2). This value is relatively high but is consistent with other elevated heat-flow data associated with the Erebus Volcanic Province. Information regarding the origin and frequency of pathways for subsurface fluid flow is gleaned from drillers' records, complementary geophysical logs, and core descriptions. Only two prominent permeable zones are identified and these correspond to two markedly different features within the rift basin; one is a distinct lithostratigraphic subunit consisting of a thin lava flow and the other is a heavily fractured interval within a single thick subunit.
C1 [Morin, Roger H.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Williams, Trevor] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Magens, Diana; Niessen, Frank] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Dept Marine Geophys, D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Hansaraj, Dhiresh] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Earth Sci, Wellington, New Zealand.
RP Morin, RH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Mail Stop 403, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM rhmorin@usgs.gov; trevor@ldeo.columbia.edu; s.henrys@gns.cri.nz;
diana.magens@awi.de; frank.niessen@awi.de; dhireshh@gmail.com
RI Williams, Trevor/L-7670-2014
OI Williams, Trevor/0000-0001-9204-2731
FU National Science Foundation [0342484]; New Zealand Foundation for
Research Science and Technology; Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden
FX The authors are grateful to C. Bucker, R. Saltus, Guest Associate Editor
T. Paulsen, and an anonymous reviewer for their thorough and thoughtful
reviews that improved this manuscript considerably. ANDRILL is a
multinational collaboration among the Antarctic programs of Germany,
Italy, New Zealand, and the United States. The authors would also like
to thank the project operator, Antarctica New Zealand, and Alex Pyne at
Victoria University of Wellington, along with the drilling crew of
Webster Drilling and Enterprises Ltd. for their tireless and
conscientious support at the drillsite that enabled geophysical logs to
be collected. This material is based upon work supported by the National
Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement No. 0342484 through
sub-awards administered by the ANDRILL Science Management Office at the
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and issued through Northern Illinois
University, as part of the ANDRILL U. S. Science Support Program. Any
opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
views of the National Science Foundation. Support for SAH and DH was
provided by New Zealand Foundation for Research Science and Technology
and the Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden.
NR 66
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U1 1
U2 7
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 4
BP 370
EP 378
DI 10.1130/GES00512.1
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 642GW
UT WOS:000281195200004
ER
PT J
AU Yang, W
Feng, QA
Liu, YQ
Tabor, N
Miggins, D
Crowley, JL
Lin, JY
Thomas, S
AF Yang, Wan
Feng, Qiao
Liu, Yiqun
Tabor, Neil
Miggins, Dan
Crowley, James L.
Lin, Jinyan
Thomas, Stephanie
TI Depositional environments and cyclo- and chronostratigraphy of uppermost
Carboniferous-Lower Triassic fluvial-lacustrine deposits, southern Bogda
Mountains, NW China - A terrestrial paleoclimatic record of mid-latitude
NE Pangea
SO GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Permian-Early Triassic; Stratigraphy; Continental climate;
Fluvial-lacustrine; China
ID PERMIAN MASS EXTINCTION; TURPAN-HAMI BASIN; SEDIMENTARY RECORD; SEQUENCE
STRATIGRAPHY; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; NORTHWESTERN CHINA; KAROO BASIN;
CLIMATE; BOUNDARY; JUNGGAR
AB Two uppermost Carboniferous-Lower Triassic fluvial-lacustrine sections in the Tarlong-Taodonggou half- graben, southern Bogda Mountains, NW China, comprise a 1834 m-thick, relatively complete sedimentary and paleoclimatic record of the east coast of mid-latitude NE Pangea. Depositional environmental interpretations identified three orders (high, intermediate, and low) of sedimentary cycle. High-order cycles (HCs) have five basic types, including fluvial cycles recording repetitive changes of erosion and deposition and lacustrine cycles recording repetitive environmental changes associated with lake expansion and contraction. HCs are grouped into intermediate-order cycles (ICs) on the basis of systematic changes of thickness, type, and component lithofacies of HCs. Nine low-order cycles (LCs) are demarcated by graben-wide surfaces across which significant long-term environmental changes occurred. A preliminary cyclo-stratigraphic framework provides a foundation for future studies of terrestrial climate, tectonics, and paleontology in mid-latitude NE Pangea.
Climate variabilities at the intra-HC, HC, IC, and LC scales were interpreted from sedimentary and paleosol evidence. Four prominent climatic shifts are present: 1) from the humid-subhumid to highly-variable subhumid-semiarid conditions at the beginning of Sakamarian; 2) from highly-variable subhumid-semiarid to humid-subhumid conditions across the Artinskian-Capitanian unconformity; 3) from humid-subhumid to highly-variable subhumid-semiarid conditions at early Induan; and 4) from the highly-variable subhumid- semiarid to humid subhumid conditions across the Olenekian-Anisian unconformity. The stable humid- subhumid conditions from Lopingian to early Induan implies that paleoclimate change may not have been the cause of the end-Permian terrestrial mass extinction. A close documentation of the pace and timing of the extinction and exploration of other causes are needed. In addition, the semiarid-subhumid conditions from Sakamarian to Artinskian-Kungurian (?) and from middle Induan to end of Olenekian are in conflict with modern mid-latitude east coast meso- and macrothermal humid climate. Extreme continentality, regional orographic effect, and/or abnormal circulation of Paleo-Tethys maybe are possible causes. Our work serves as a rare data point at mid-latitude NE Pangea for climate modeling to seek explanations on the origin(s) of climate variability in NE Pangea from latest Carboniferous to Early Triassic. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yang, Wan] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Geol Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Feng, Qiao] Shangdong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Geoinformat Sci & Engn, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Yiqun; Lin, Jinyan] Northwestern Univ, Dept Geol, Xian, Peoples R China.
[Tabor, Neil; Thomas, Stephanie] So Methodist Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Dallas, TX 75275 USA.
[Miggins, Dan] US Geol Survey, Denver Argon Geochronol Lab, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Crowley, James L.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
RP Yang, W (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Geol Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
EM wan.yang@wichita.edu
FU Wichita State University; Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics;
Northwestern University, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; K. C. Wong
Education Foundation, Hong Kong; American Chemical Society
FX We thank W. Guan, B. Jeffrey, W.H. Ma, Z.J. Ouyang, M. Runnion, G.Z.
Sun, P. Sun, D. Wang, H.Y. Wang, Y. Wang, H.Y. Wu, and Y. Yang for field
assistance in a span of six summer seasons. The project was partially
supported by three grants from Wichita State University, two grants from
the Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwestern University,
China, and a grant from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, all to WY. WY
also gratefully acknowledges the support of K. C. Wong Education
Foundation, Hong Kong, obtained through the collaboration with Dr. X.R.
Luo of Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Acknowledgment is made to the Donors of the American Chemical Society
Petroleum Research Fund, for partial support of this research. We are
grateful to reviewers William A. DiMichele, Zhong Chen, Christopher
Fielding, Shannon Mahan, and Krystal Pearson, whose critical and
constructive comments have helped us make this paper publishable, and to
Ezat Heydari (guest editor) for his patience and encouragement.
NR 84
TC 19
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-8181
J9 GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE
JI Glob. Planet. Change
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 73
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 15
EP 113
DI 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.03.008
PG 99
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 675GM
UT WOS:000283814900003
ER
PT J
AU Halfen, AF
Fredlund, GG
Mahan, SA
AF Halfen, Alan F.
Fredlund, Glen G.
Mahan, Shannon A.
TI Holocene stratigraphy and chronology of the Casper Dune Field, Casper,
Wyoming, USA
SO HOLOCENE
LA English
DT Article
DE aeolian; Holocene; optically stimulated luminescence; sand dunes;
Wyoming
ID CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; NEBRASKA SAND HILLS; QUATERNARY EOLIAN DEPOSITION;
SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; NORTHEASTERN COLORADO; NORTH-AMERICA;
PALEOCLIMATIC SIGNIFICANCE; RADIOCARBON AGES; ORGANIC-MATTER;
UNITED-STATES
AB Activation chronologies of dune fields within the North American Great Plains are significant sources of paleoclimate information. Although many regional chronologies exist, several dune fields have been understudied, including the Casper Dune Field of central Wyoming. This study investigated aeolian dune sediment and buried soils of the Casper Dune Field. Complex parabolic and hairpin parabolic dunes dominate the eastern dune field, while simple parabolic and linear dunes dominate the western dune field. Buried soils are found throughout the dune field, though their distribution and degree of development varies. Buried soils in the eastern dune field are weakly developed with typical A-C profiles, whereas soils in the western dune field typically exhibit A-Bt-C profiles. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon ages were used to provide a chronology of dune field activation that spans most of the Holocene. At the onset of the Holocene, alluvium was deposited first, followed by widespread dune activity similar to 10.0-6.2 ka. Following activity, the dune field stabilized until about 4.1 ka. During this stabilization period, however, reactivation occurred in at least one locality within the dune field at 5.1 ka. Subsequent aeolian activity occurred at 4.1 ka and between 1.0 ka and 0.4 ka. The resulting activation chronology is compared with those obtained from elsewhere in Wyoming and from other west-central Great Plains dune fields.
C1 [Halfen, Alan F.] Univ Kansas, Dept Geog, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Fredlund, Glen G.] Univ Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI USA.
[Mahan, Shannon A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
RP Halfen, AF (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Geog, 1475 Jayhawk Blvd,Room 213, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM afhalfen@ku.edu
OI Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774
FU NSF - Arizona Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) Laboratory; Geological
Society of America; University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
FX We express our gratitude to the landowners Steve Amick, Brad Boner, and
Wayne Richey who graciously provided access to field sites. In
particular, we thank the NSF - Arizona Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
(AMS) Laboratory for funding support. Comments from Xiaodong Miao and an
anonymous reviewer are appreciated and improved the manuscript
significantly. Also, Bill Johnson reviewed several drafts of this
manuscript and made many helpful edits and comments. This research was
funded in part by a Geological Society of America Student Research Grant
and by a University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Mary Jo Read Research Grant.
NR 58
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 12
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0959-6836
J9 HOLOCENE
JI Holocene
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 5
BP 773
EP 783
DI 10.1177/0959683610362812
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 637CD
UT WOS:000280791200010
ER
PT J
AU Ball, LB
Ge, SM
Caine, JS
Revil, A
Jardani, A
AF Ball, Lyndsay B.
Ge, Shemin
Caine, Jonathan Saul
Revil, Andre
Jardani, Abderrahim
TI Constraining fault-zone hydrogeology through integrated hydrological and
geoelectrical analysis
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Faults; Groundwater flow; Geophysical methods; USA
ID SELF-POTENTIAL METHOD; GROUNDWATER-FLOW; INFILTRATION EXPERIMENT;
WATER-TABLE; DAMAGE ZONE; FLUID-FLOW; SOUTH-PARK; MODEL; PERMEABILITY;
CALIFORNIA
AB The hydrogeologic influence of the Elkhorn fault in South Park, Colorado, USA, is examined through hydrologic data supplemented by electrical resistivity tomography and self-potential measurements. Water-level data indicate that groundwater flow is impeded by the fault on the spatial scale of tens of meters, but the lack of outcrop prevents interpretation of why the fault creates this hydrologic heterogeneity. By supplementing hydrologic and geologic data with geoelectrical measurements, further hydrogeologic interpretation is possible. Resistivity profiles and self-potential data are consistent with the interpretation of increased fracturing within 70 m of the fault. Further interpretation of the fault zone includes the possibility of a vertical groundwater flow component in a fractured and relatively high permeability damage zone and one or more relatively low permeability fault cores resulting in a conduit-barrier behavior of the fault zone at the meter to tens-of-meters scale. Calculated hydraulic heads from the self-potential data reveal additional complexity in permeability structure, including a steeper hydraulic gradient immediately west of the interpreted fault trace than suggested by the well data alone.
C1 [Ball, Lyndsay B.; Ge, Shemin] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ball, Lyndsay B.; Caine, Jonathan Saul] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Revil, Andre] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Revil, Andre] Univ Savoie, Equipe Volcan, INSU CNRS LGIT UMR 5559, F-73376 Le Bourget Du Lac, France.
[Jardani, Abderrahim] Univ Rouen, M2C, UMR 6143, Lab Morphodynam Continentale & Cotiere,CNRS, F-76821 Mont St Aignan, France.
RP Ball, LB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, 2200 Colorado Ave,CB 399, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM lyndsay.ball@colorado.edu; ges@colorado.edu; jscaine@usgs.gov;
arcvil@mines.edu; abderrahim.jardani@univ-rouen.fr
OI Caine, Jonathan/0000-0002-7269-6989
FU National Science Foundation [EAR610027]; American Water Resources
Association Richard Herbert Memorial Scholarship; Colorado Ground-Water
Association Harlan Erker Memorial Scholarship; Department of Geological
Sciences at the University of Colorado at Boulder; U.S. Geological
Survey Minerals and Toxics Programs
FX This work was funded under National Science Foundation grant EAR610027
to S. Ge and J.S. Caine. Additional field support was graciously
provided by the American Water Resources Association Richard Herbert
Memorial Scholarship, the Colorado Ground-Water Association Harlan Erker
Memorial Scholarship, the Department of Geological Sciences at the
University of Colorado at Boulder, and the U.S. Geological Survey
Minerals and Toxics Programs. The authors thank J. Medema for allowing
access to the well site and M. McHugh for providing borehole data.
Additional thanks are extended to B. Minsley and A. Manning for their
valuable comments on the early draft of this paper, and to R. van Balen
and J. Turner for their helpful reviews.
NR 50
TC 15
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U1 3
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 5
BP 1057
EP 1067
DI 10.1007/s10040-010-0587-z
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 628ON
UT WOS:000280130000001
ER
PT J
AU Goguen, JD
Stone, TC
Kieffer, HH
Buratti, BJ
AF Goguen, Jay D.
Stone, Thomas C.
Kieffer, Hugh H.
Buratti, Bonnie J.
TI A new look at photometry of the Moon
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Radiative transfer; Moon, Surface; Regoliths; Photometry;
Spectrophotometry
ID ROUGH PLANETARY SURFACES; THERMAL EMISSION; SCATTERING; REFLECTANCE;
REGOLITH; GLASSES
AB We use ROLO photometry (Kieffer, H.H., Stone, T.C. [2005]. Astron. J. 129, 2887-2901) to characterize the before and after full Moon radiance variation for a typical highlands site and a typical mare site. Focusing on the phase angle range 45 degrees < alpha < 50 degrees, we test two different physical models, macroscopic roughness and multiple scattering between regolith particles, for their ability to quantitatively reproduce the measured radiance difference. Our method for estimating the rms slope angle is unique and model-independent in the sense that the measured radiance factor I/F at small incidence angles (high Sun) is used as an estimate of I/F for zero roughness regolith. The roughness is determined from the change in I/F at larger incidence angles. We determine the roughness for 23 wavelengths from 350 to 939 nm. There is no significant wavelength dependence. The average rms slope angle is 22.2 degrees +/- 1.3 degrees for the mare site and 34.1 degrees +/- 2.6 degrees for the highland site. These large slopes, which are similar to previous "photometric roughness" estimates, require that sub-mm scale "micro-topography" dominates roughness measurements based on photometry, consistent with the conclusions of Helfenstein and Shepard (Helfenstein, P., Shepard, M.K. [1999]. Icarus 141, 107-131). We then tested an alternative and very different model for the before and after full Moon I/F variation: multiple scattering within a flat layer of realistic regolith particles. This model consists of a log normal size distribution of spheres that match the measured distribution of particles in a typical mature lunar soil 72141,1 (McKay, D.S., Fruland, R.M., Heiken, G.H. [1974]. Proc. Lunar Sci. Conf. 5, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1 (5), 887-906). The model particles have a complex index of refraction 1.65-0.003i, where 1.65 is typical of impact-generated lunar glasses. Of the four model parameters, three were fixed at values determined from Apollo lunar soils: the mean radius and width of the log normal size distribution and the real part of the refraction index. We used FORTRAN programs from Mishchenko et al. (Mishchenko, M.I., Dlugach, J.M., Yanovitskij, E.G., Zakharova, N.T. [1999]. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Trans. 63, 409-432; Mishchenko, M.I., Travis, L.D., Lacis, A.A. [2002]. Scattering, Absorption and Emission of Light by Small Particles. Cambridge Univ. Press, New York. http://www.giss.nasa.gov/staff/mmishchenko/books.html) to calculate the scattering matrix and solve the radiative transfer equation for I/F. The mean single scattering albedo is omega = 0.808, the asymmetry parameter is < cos Theta > = 0.77 and the phase function is very strongly peaked in both the forward and backward scattering directions. The fit to the observations for the highland site is excellent and multiply scattered photons contribute >= 80% of I/F. We conclude that either model, roughness or multiple scattering, can match the observations, but that the strongly anisotropic phase functions of realistic particles require rigorous calculation of many orders of scattering or spurious photometric roughness estimates are guaranteed. Our multiple scattering calculation is the first to combine: (1) a regolith model matched to the measured particle size distribution and index of refraction of the lunar soil, (2) a rigorous calculation of the particle phase function and solution of the radiative transfer equation, and (3) application to lunar photometry with absolute radiance calibration. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Goguen, Jay D.; Buratti, Bonnie J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Stone, Thomas C.; Kieffer, Hugh H.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Goguen, JD (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 183-401, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Jay.D.Goguen@jpl.nasa.gov
FU NASA
FX We would like to acknowledge M. Mishchenko for making his radiative
transfer software publicly available and constructive reviews from Yu.
Shkuratov and an anonymous referee. This research was supported in part
by grants from the NASA Planetary Science Research Program.
NR 28
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U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 208
IS 2
BP 548
EP 557
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.03.025
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 629GJ
UT WOS:000280183000004
ER
PT J
AU Soderblom, JM
Brown, RH
Soderblom, LA
Barnes, JW
Jaumann, R
Le Mouelic, S
Sotin, C
Stephan, K
Baines, KH
Buratti, BJ
Clark, RN
Nicholson, PD
AF Soderblom, Jason M.
Brown, Robert H.
Soderblom, Laurence A.
Barnes, Jason W.
Jaumann, Ralf
Le Mouelic, Stephane
Sotin, Christophe
Stephan, Katrin
Baines, Kevin H.
Buratti, Bonnie J.
Clark, Roger N.
Nicholson, Philip D.
TI Geology of the Selk crater region on Titan from Cassini VIMS
observations
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Titan; Saturn, Satellites; Satellites, Surfaces; Impact processes;
Geological processes
ID IMPACT CRATERS; EROSIONAL PROCESSES; RADAR MAPPER; LANDING SITE;
GANYMEDE; CALLISTO; SURFACE; VENUS; MARS; CHANNELS
AB Observations of Titan obtained by the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) have revealed Selk crater, a geologically young, bright-rimmed, impact crater located similar to 800 km north-northwest of the Huygens landing site. The crater rim-crest diameter is 90 km; its floor diameter is similar to 60 km. A central pit/peak, 20-30 km in diameter, is seen; the ratio of the size of this feature to the crater diameter is consistent with similarly sized craters on Ganymede and Callisto, all of which are dome craters. The VIMS data, unfortunately, are not of sufficient resolution to detect such a dome. The inner rim of Selk crater is fluted, probably by eolian erosion, while the outer flank and presumed ejecta blanket appear dissected by drainages (particularly to the east), likely the result of fluvial erosion. Terracing is observed on the northern and western walls of Selk crater within a 10-15 km wide terrace zone identified in VIMS data; the terrace zone is bright in SAR data, consistent with it being a rough surface. The terrace zone is slightly wider than those observed on Ganymede and Callisto and may reflect differences in thermal structure and/or composition of the lithosphere. The polygonal appearance of the crater likely results from two preexisting planes of weakness (oriented at azimuths of 21 degrees and 122 degrees east of north). A unit of generally bright terrain that exhibits similar infrared-color variation and contrast to Selk crater extends east-southeast from the crater several hundred kilometers. We informally refer to this terrain as the Selk "bench." Both Selk and the bench are surrounded by the infrared-dark Belet dune field. Hypotheses for the genesis of the optically bright terrain of the bench include: wind shadowing in the lee of Selk crater preventing the encroachment of dunes, impact-induced cryovolcanism, flow of a fluidized-ejecta blanket (similar to the bright crater outflows observed on Venus), and erosion of a streamlined upland formed in the lee of Selk crater by fluid flow. Vestigial circular outlines in this feature just east of Selk's ejecta blanket suggest that this might be a remnant of an ancient, cratered crust. Evidently the southern margin of the feature has sufficient relief to prevent the encroachment of dunes from the Belet dune field. We conclude that this feature either represents a relatively high-viscosity, fluidizedejecta flow (a class intermediate to ejecta blankets and long venusian-style ejecta flows) or a streamlined upland remnant that formed downstream from the crater by erosive fluid flow from the west-northwest. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Soderblom, Jason M.; Brown, Robert H.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Soderblom, Laurence A.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Barnes, Jason W.] Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Jaumann, Ralf; Stephan, Katrin] Inst Planetary Res, DLR, Berlin, Germany.
[Le Mouelic, Stephane; Sotin, Christophe] Univ Nantes, Lab Planetol & Geodynam, Nantes 03, France.
[Sotin, Christophe; Baines, Kevin H.; Buratti, Bonnie J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Clark, Roger N.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Nicholson, Philip D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Soderblom, JM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM jasons@lpl.arizona.edu
RI Barnes, Jason/B-1284-2009;
OI Barnes, Jason/0000-0002-7755-3530; Soderblom, Jason/0000-0003-3715-6407
FU NASA
FX We express our gratitude to the entire Cassini Project with specific
thanks to the VIMS Operations Group for years of effort in returning
these data. We also thank Ralph Lorenz for his helpful discussion
regarding fluid flows on Titan. We are grateful to Alex Hayes and Jani
Radebaugh for their thoughtful reviews of this manuscript. This work was
supported by the Cassini Project, managed by the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract with NASA.
NR 57
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U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 208
IS 2
BP 905
EP 912
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.03.001
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 629GJ
UT WOS:000280183000032
ER
PT J
AU DiMichele, WA
Cecil, CB
Montanez, IP
Falcon-Lang, HJ
AF DiMichele, William A.
Cecil, C. Blaine
Montanez, Isabel P.
Falcon-Lang, Howard J.
TI Cyclic changes in Pennsylvanian paleoclimate and effects on floristic
dynamics in tropical Pangaea
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Upland flora; Conifers; Cordaitaleans; Coal; Paleosol; Glaciation
ID CENTRAL APPALACHIAN BASIN; COAL-SWAMP VEGETATION; ROCK LAKE SHALE;
NORTH-AMERICA; NOVA-SCOTIA; CORDAITALEAN TREES; FOSSIL RECORD;
TRANSANTARCTIC MOUNTAINS; NORTHEASTERN OHIO; COLUMBIANA COUNTY
AB Wetland floras narrowly define perceptions of Pennsylvanian tropical ecosystems, the so-called Coal Age. Such wetlands reflect humid to perhumid climate, leading to characterizations of Pennsylvanian tropics as everwet, swampy. These views are biased by the high preservation potential of wetlands. Sedimentation patterns, paleosols, and fossil floras indicate the presence of vegetation tolerant of subhumid to dry-subhumid, perhaps semi-arid climate in basins between peat formation times. Understanding the significance of this seasonally-dry vegetation has suffered from conceptual and terminological confusion. A clearer view has emerged as models for framing the data have improved. Basinal floras typical of seasonally-dry conditions, relatively low soil moisture regimes, are well documented but mainly from isolated deposits. Some of the earliest, dominated by primitive pteridosperms ("Flozfern" floras), occur in clastic rocks between European Early Pennsylvanian coal beds. lAter Early Pennsylvanian, fern-cordaitalean vegetation, different from coal floras, is preserved in marine goniatite bullions. Conifers are first suggested by late Mississippian Potoniesporites pollen. About the same time, in North America, broadleaf foliage, Lesleya and Megalopteris occur in basin-margin settings, on drought-prone limestone substrates. The best known, xeromorphic floras found between coal beds appear in the Middle through Late Pennsylvanian, containing conifers, cordaitaleans, and pteridosperms. The Middle Pennsylvanian appearances of this flora are mainly allochthonous, though parautochthonous occurrences have been reported. Parautochthonous assemblages are mostly Late Pennsylvanian. The conifer flora became dominant in western and central Pangaean equatorial lowlands in earliest Permian. Location of the humid-perhumid wetland flora during periods of relative dryness, though rarely discussed, is as, or more, perplexing than the spatial location of seasonally-dry floras through - time wetland plants had few migratory options and possibly survived in small refugia, within and outside of basins. Coupled oscillations in climate, sea level, and vegetation were driven most likely by glacial-interglacial fluctuations, perhaps controlled by orbital cyclicity. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [DiMichele, William A.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 121, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Cecil, C. Blaine] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Montanez, Isabel P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Falcon-Lang, Howard J.] Univ London, Dept Earth Sci, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England.
RP DiMichele, WA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 121, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM dimichel@si.edu
RI Falcon-Lang, Howard/D-8465-2011; DiMichele, William/K-4301-2012
FU Smithsonian Institution; NSF [EAR-545654]; NERC at Royal Holloway
FX This paper is dedicated to Professor Hermann Pfefferkorn for his
contributions to the understanding of Carboniferous and Permian
vegetation, particularly for his unflagging commitment to enlivening it
in our imaginations. The senior author, in particular, owes much to
Professor Pfefferkorn for his years of advice, guidance, and friendship.
This work was supported by grants from the Smithsonian Institution
endowment and scholarly studies funds to WD, NSF grant EAR-545654 to
IPM, and a NERC Advanced Fellowship held at Royal Holloway to H F-L We
thank Christopher deal and Stanislav Oplugtil for their constructive
reviews of an earlier version of this paper. We also extend our thanks
to Mark H. Scheihing and Christopher Wnuk for their encouragement,
patience, and editorial improvements to the manuscript.
NR 209
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U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 83
IS 2-3
SI SI
BP 329
EP 344
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2010.01.007
PG 16
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 644BM
UT WOS:000281345400019
ER
PT J
AU Clements, WH
Vieira, NKM
Church, SE
AF Clements, William H.
Vieira, Nicole K. M.
Church, Stanley E.
TI Quantifying restoration success and recovery in a metal-polluted stream:
a 17-year assessment of physicochemical and biological responses
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE benthic macroinvertebrates; ecological resistance and resilience; heavy
metals; long-term assessment; recovery; restoration effectiveness; Salmo
trutta
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATERIAL; BENTHIC COMMUNITIES; HEAVY-METALS;
LONG-TERM; MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY; INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; CAUSAL
RELATIONSHIPS; MOUNTAIN STREAMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UV-B
AB P>1. Evaluating the effectiveness of stream restoration is often challenging because of the lack of pre-treatment data, narrow focus on physicochemical measures and insufficient post-restoration monitoring. Even when these fundamental elements are present, quantifying restoration success is difficult because of the challenges associated with distinguishing treatment effects from seasonal variation, episodic events and long-term climatic changes.
2. We report results of one of the most comprehensive and continuous records of physical, chemical and biological data available to assess restoration success for a stream ecosystem in North America. Over a 17 year period we measured seasonal and annual changes in metal concentrations, physicochemical characteristics, macroinvertebrate communities, and brown trout Salmo trutta populations in the Arkansas River, a metal-contaminated stream in Colorado, USA.
3. Although we observed significant improvements in water quality after treatment, the effectiveness of restoration varied temporally, spatially and among biological response variables. The fastest recovery was observed at stations where restoration eliminated point sources of metal contamination. Recovery of macroinvertebrates was significantly delayed at some stations because of residual sediment contamination and because extreme seasonal and episodic variation in metal concentrations prevented recolonization by sensitive species.
4. Synthesis and applications. Because recovery trajectories after the removal of a stressor are often complex or nonlinear, long-term studies are necessary to assess restoration success within the context of episodic events and changes in regional climate. The observed variation in recovery among chemical and biological endpoints highlights the importance of developing objective criteria to assess restoration success. Although the rapid response of macroinvertebrates to reduced metal concentrations is encouraging, we have previously demonstrated that benthic communities from the Arkansas River remained susceptible to other novel anthropogenic stressors. We suggest that the resistance or resilience of benthic macroinvertebrate communities to novel stressors may be effective indicators of restoration success that can account for the non-additive (e.g. synergistic) nature of compound perturbations.
C1 [Clements, William H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Vieira, Nicole K. M.] Colorado Div Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Church, Stanley E.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Clements, WH (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM willc@cnr.colostate.edu
RI Clements, William/N-2686-2016
FU USGS; U.S. EPA; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; CDOW; National Institute
of Health Sciences
FX We are especially grateful to dozens of CSU undergraduates who have
assisted with field sampling and laboratory sorting of
macroinvertebrates over the past 17 years. Without the dedicated support
of these students this long-term project could not be completed. D.
Rees, D. Wade, T. Cady, L. Courtney, M. Pearson, R. Thorpe and K.
Mitchell assisted with the identification of macroinvertebrates and B.
Kondratieff verified many of our more difficult specimens. Thanks to G.
Policky, S. Brinkman and P. Davies from Colorado Division of Wildlife
(CDOW) for conducting the brown trout surveys and to D. Fey (USGS) for
assistance with sediment collection. Comments by J. Carter and D.
Carlisle on an earlier draft of this manuscript are greatly appreciated.
Funding for sediment sampling and analysis was provided by the USGS,
U.S. EPA and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Water quality and
macroinvertebrate studies were funded by the U.S. EPA, CDOW, USGS and
the National Institute of Health Sciences.
NR 54
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0021-8901
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 4
BP 899
EP 910
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01838.x
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 619CB
UT WOS:000279405100021
ER
PT J
AU Reeves, KS
Galat, DL
AF Reeves, K. S.
Galat, D. L.
TI Do larval fishes exhibit diel drift patterns in a large, turbid river?
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID VERTICAL MIGRATION; LOWLAND RIVER; BARBUS-BARBUS; TOWING SPEED;
ICHTHYOPLANKTON; FLOTATION; ABUNDANCE; STREAM; EFFICIENCY; SAMPLES
AB P>Previous research suggested larval fishes do not exhibit a diel drift cycle in turbid rivers (transparency < 30 cm). We evaluated this hypothesis in the turbid, lower Missouri River, Missouri. We also reviewed diel patterns of larval drift over a range of transparencies in rivers worldwide. Larval fishes were collected from the Missouri River primary channel every 4 h per 24-h period during spring-summer 2002. Water transparency was measured during this period and summarized for previous years. Diel drift patterns were analyzed at the assemblage level and lower taxonomic levels for abundant groups. Day and night larval fish catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) was compared for the entire May through August sampling period and spring (May - June) and summer (July - August) seasons separately. There were no significant differences between day and night CPUE at the assemblage level for the entire sampling period or for the spring and summer seasons. However, Hiodon alosoides, Carpiodes/Ictiobus spp. and Macrhybopsis spp. exhibited a diel cycle of abundance within the drift. This pattern was evident although mean Secchi depth (transparency) ranged from 4 to 25 cm during the study and was < 30 cm from May through August over the previous nine years. Larval diel drift studies from 48 rivers excluding the Missouri River indicated the primary drift period for larval fishes was at night in 38 rivers and during the day for five, with the remaining rivers showing no pattern. Water transparency was reported for 10 rivers with six being < 30 cm or 'low'. Two of these six turbid rivers exhibited significant diel drift patterns. The effect of water transparency on diel drift of larval fishes appears taxa-specific and patterns of abundant taxa could mask patterns of rare taxa when analyzed only at the assemblage level.
C1 [Reeves, K. S.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO USA.
[Galat, D. L.] Univ Missouri, US Geol Survey, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Columbia, MO USA.
RP Reeves, KS (reprint author), Heart Hills Fisheries Sci Ctr, Texas Pk & Wildlife Dept, Mt Home, TX 78058 USA.
EM kerry.reeves@tpwd.state.tx.us
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0175-8659
J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL
JI J. Appl. Ichthyol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 4
BP 571
EP 577
DI 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01481.x
PG 7
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 623IM
UT WOS:000279732800014
ER
PT J
AU Ellsworth, CM
Belk, MC
Keleher, CJ
AF Ellsworth, C. M.
Belk, M. C.
Keleher, C. J.
TI Residence time and drift patterns of larval June sucker Chasmistes
liorus in the lower Provo River as determined by otolith microstructure
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE daily rings; endangered species; lakesucker; larval drift; mortality;
recruitment
ID LOST RIVER; SHORTNOSE SUCKERS; LAKE; FISHES; UTAH
AB Estimates of age derived from daily ring counts from otoliths and capture rates of larval June sucker Chasmistes liorus were used to determine the relationship between discharge rates of the Provo River and residence time and patterns of larval drift. During 1997, larval drift occurred over a 22 day period when discharge rates were low (mean +/- s.d. 3 center dot 2 +/- 0 center dot 0 m3 s-1). In 1998, larval drift occurred in two separate events over a 40 day period. Discharge was higher during the first larval drift period (19 days; 24 center dot 8 +/- 1 center dot 3 m3 s-1) and lower during the second larval drift period (17 days; 7 center dot 0 +/- 0 center dot 9 m3 s-1). In 1997, no larval fish were collected at the lowermost transect on the Provo River (nearest Utah Lake), and few larvae > 21 days of age were found. During the first drift period of 1998, larval C. liorus were collected at all transects, and mean age of larvae collected between upstream and downstream transects increased by c. 7 days. During the second drift period of 1998, only a few were collected in the lowermost transects, and age did not increase with proximity to the lake. Patterns in catch and age distribution of larval C. liorus in the lower Provo River suggest that recruitment failure occurs during the larval drift period in years with insufficient discharge to transport larvae into the lake.
C1 [Ellsworth, C. M.; Belk, M. C.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Keleher, C. J.] Div Wildlife Resources, Utah Dept Nat Resources, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA.
RP Ellsworth, CM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Klamath Falls Field Stn, 2795 Anderson Ave,Suite 106, Klamath Falls, OR 97603 USA.
EM cellsworth@usgs.gov
FU United States Bureau of Reclamation; Utah Reclamation Mitigation and
Conservation Commission; United States Fish and Wildlife Service;
Central Utah Water Conservancy District; Provo River Water Users
Association
FX We acknowledge the co-operation and assistance from the June Sucker
Recovery Implementation Program and the Utah Division of Wildlife
Resources for their assistance in obtaining larval sucker samples and
personnel at the Department of Biology in the Brigham Young University
for their help in analysing these samples. This study was funded by the
United States Bureau of Reclamation, Utah Reclamation Mitigation and
Conservation Commission, United States Fish and Wildlife Service,
Central Utah Water Conservancy District and the Provo River Water Users
Association. Fish samples were obtained by the Utah Division of Wildlife
Resources under a collection permit No. TE047266-0 issued by the United
States Fish and Wildlife Service.
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PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-1112
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 77
IS 3
BP 526
EP 537
DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02701.x
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 635GP
UT WOS:000280643900006
PM 20701638
ER
PT J
AU Winton, J
Batts, W
deKinkelin, P
LeBerre, M
Bremont, M
Fijan, N
AF Winton, J.
Batts, W.
deKinkelin, P.
LeBerre, M.
Bremont, M.
Fijan, N.
TI Current lineages of the epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell line
are contaminated with fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, cells
SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE common carp; fathead minnow; fish cell line
ID HEMATOPOIETIC NECROSIS VIRUS; FISH; IHNV
C1 [Winton, J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, USGS, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[deKinkelin, P.; LeBerre, M.; Bremont, M.] Ctr Rech, INRA, Jouy En Josas, France.
[Fijan, N.] Univ Zagreb, Dept Biol & Pathol Fish & Bees, Zagreb 41000, Croatia.
RP Winton, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, USGS, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM jim_winton@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey
FX This communication is dedicated to the memory of Dr Nicola Fijan who
lost a prolonged battle with cancer on 29 July 2009. As one of the early
pioneers in our field and a genuinely wonderful human being, he is
deeply missed by his friends and colleagues. This work was funded by the
US Geological Survey. Mention of trade names does not imply endorsement
by the US Government.
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U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0140-7775
J9 J FISH DIS
JI J. Fish Dis.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 8
BP 701
EP 704
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01165.x
PG 4
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 622NE
UT WOS:000279669700010
PM 20497291
ER
PT J
AU White, PJ
Proffitt, KM
Mech, LD
Evans, SB
Cunningham, JA
Hamlin, KL
AF White, P. J.
Proffitt, Kelly M.
Mech, L. David
Evans, Shaney B.
Cunningham, Julie A.
Hamlin, Kenneth L.
TI Migration of northern Yellowstone elk: implications of spatial
structuring
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE brucellosis; Canis lupus; Cervus elaphus; elk; migration; wolves;
Yellowstone
ID WOLF PREDATION RISK; FEMALE SIKA-DEER; NATIONAL-PARK; HABITAT SELECTION;
MULE DEER; EASTERN HOKKAIDO; CERVUS-ELAPHUS; MOVEMENTS; POPULATION;
RESTORATION
AB Migration can enhance survival and recruitment of mammals by increasing access to higher-quality forage or reducing predation risk, or both. We used telemetry locations collected from 140 adult female elk during 20002003 and 2007-2008 to identify factors influencing the migration of northern Yellowstone elk. Elk wintered in 2 semidistinct herd segments and migrated 10-140 km to at least 12 summer areas in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) and nearby areas of Montana. Spring migrations were delayed after winters with increased snow pack, with earlier migration in years with earlier vegetation green-up. Elk wintering at lower elevations outside YNP migrated an average of 13 days earlier than elk at higher elevations. The timing of autumn migrations varied annually, but elk left their summer ranges at about the same time regardless of elevation, wolf numbers, or distance to their wintering areas. Elk monitored for multiple years typically returned to the same summer (96% fidelity, n = 52) and winter (61% fidelity, n = 41) ranges. Elk that wintered at lower elevations in or near the northwestern portion of the park tended to summer in the western part of YNP (56%), and elk that wintered at higher elevations spent summer primarily in the eastern and northern parts of the park (82%). Elk did not grossly modify their migration timing, routes, or use areas after wolf restoration. Elk mortality was low during summer and migration (8 of 225 elk-summers). However, spatial segregation and differential mortality and recruitment between herd segments on the northern winter range apparently contributed to a higher proportion of the elk population wintering outside the northwestern portion of YNP and summering in the western portion of the park. This change could shift wolf spatial dynamics more outside YNP and increase the risk of transmission of brucellosis from elk to cattle north of the park. DOI: 10.1644/08-MAMM-A-252.1.
C1 [White, P. J.] Natl Pk Serv, Yellowstone Natl Pk, WY 82190 USA.
[Proffitt, Kelly M.; Cunningham, Julie A.; Hamlin, Kenneth L.] Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Parks, Bozeman, MT 59718 USA.
[Mech, L. David] No Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Biol Resources Div, US Geol Survey, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Evans, Shaney B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP White, PJ (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, POB 168, Yellowstone Natl Pk, WY 82190 USA.
EM pj_white@nps.gov
FU Biological Resources Discipline of the United States Geological Survey;
sale of Montana hunting licenses; Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration;
United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health
Inspection Service; Montana Department of Livestock; National Geographic
Society; National Park Service; National Science Foundation [078130];
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
FX This study was financed by the Biological Resources Discipline of the
United States Geological Survey; the sale of Montana hunting licenses; a
Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration grant to Montana Fish, Wildlife, and
Parks; a grant to Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks from the United
States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection
Service; the Greater Yellowstone Interagency Brucellosis Committee
routed through the Montana Department of Livestock; the National
Geographic Society; the National Park Service; the National Science
Foundation (grant 078130 to P. Turchin, J. Fryxell, M. Turner, M. Boyce,
and E. Merrill); and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada. We offer special thanks to H. Sawyer, M. Kauffman,
and R. Neilson for statistical computing code and assistance developing
the Brownian bridge movement model; M. Haroldson and D. Smith for
predator data; and F. Watson for snow model output. We also thank the
following individuals for assisting with capture, data collection and
analyses, literature review, Figure preparation, or administration of
the project: S. Ard of Gallatin Flying Service, M. Atkinson, K. Aune, S.
Barber-Meyer, T. Blackford, M. Boyce, W. Brewster, J. Bruggeman, D.
Chapman of Montana Aircraft, S. Collins of Pathfinder Helicopters, T.
Davis, M. Duffy of Central Helicopters, C. Geremia, D. Guernsey, C.
Guiles, K. Gunther, Hawkins and Powers Aviation, D. Hunter, D. Ireland,
T. Lemke, J. Mao, W. Maples, T. Olliff, R. Peterson, R. Raymond, A.
Rodman, M. Ross, D. Stahler, R. Stradley of Gallatin Flying Service, J.
Treanor, J. Varley, N. Varley, J. Waller, V. Warner, G. Wright, T.
Wyman, and E. Yost. K. Alt, P. Cross, D. Demma, R. Garrott, J. Gude, T.
Lemke, M. Nelson, S. McCorquodale, G. Plumb, and J. Rachlow critiqued
earlier versions of the manuscript and offered helpful suggestions for
improvement.
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U2 45
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-2372
EI 1545-1542
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 4
BP 827
EP 837
DI 10.1644/08-MAMM-A-252.1
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 642LM
UT WOS:000281215100007
ER
PT J
AU Dean, WE
AF Dean, Walter E.
TI Recent advances in global lake coring hold promise for global change
research in paleolimnology
SO JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 US Geol Survey, MS Fed Ctr 980, Denver, CO USA.
RP Dean, WE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS Fed Ctr 980, Denver, CO USA.
EM dean@usgs.gov
NR 1
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U1 1
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2728
J9 J PALEOLIMNOL
JI J. Paleolimn.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 2
BP 741
EP 743
DI 10.1007/s10933-010-9430-8
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 627VB
UT WOS:000280070500031
ER
PT J
AU Kroes, DE
Hupp, CR
AF Kroes, Daniel E.
Hupp, Cliff R.
TI The Effect of Channelization on Floodplain Sediment Deposition and
Subsidence Along the Pocomoke River, Maryland1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE channelization; subsidence; sedimentation; floodplain isolation;
radioisotopes; dendrogeomorphology; fluvial processes; geomorphology
ID LOWLAND AGRICULTURAL CATCHMENTS; HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENTS;
COASTAL-PLAIN RIVERS; STREAM CHANNELIZATION; FORESTED WETLAND;
CARBON-DIOXIDE; PATTERNS; SWAMP; TABLE; USA
AB The nontidal Pocomoke River was intensively ditched and channelized by the mid-1900s. In response to channelization; channel incision, head-cut erosion, and spoil bank perforation have occurred in this previously nonalluvial system. Six sites were selected for study of floodplain sediment dynamics in relation to channel condition. Short- and long-term sediment deposition/subsidence rates and composition were determined. Short-term rates (four years) ranged from 0.6 to 3.6 mm/year. Long-term rates (15-100+ years) ranged from -11.9 to 1.7 mm/year. 137Cs rates (43 years) indicate rates of 0.24 to 7.4 mm/year depending on channel condition. Channelization has limited contact between streamflow and the floodplain, resulting in little or no sediment retention in channelized reaches. Along unchannelized reaches, extended contact and depth of river water on the floodplain resulted in high deposition rates. Drainage of floodplains exposed organic sediments to oxygen resulting in subsidence and releasing stored carbon. Channelization increased sediment deposition in downstream reaches relative to the presettlement system. The sediment storage function of this river has been dramatically altered by channelization. Results indicate that perforation of spoil banks along channelized reaches may help to alleviate some of these issues.
C1 [Kroes, Daniel E.] US Geol Survey, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA.
[Hupp, Cliff R.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Kroes, DE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 3535 S Sherwood Forest Blvd,Suite 120, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA.
EM dkroes@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Chesapeake Bay Program (Priority Ecosystems);
National Research Program
FX This research was funded in part by the U.S. Geological Survey's
Chesapeake Bay Program (Priority Ecosystems) and National Research
Program. Thanks to Tom Kraemer for running our radio isotope samples.
Special thanks to our field help Joshua Elwell, David Kavulak, Al
Lombana, Katharina Ross, Michael Schening, and Ed Schenk. Thanks to The
Nature Conservancy, Maryland Department of Natural Resources, and all
other landowners and managers who allowed us to do research on their
lands.
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PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 4
BP 686
EP 699
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00440.x
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 631ON
UT WOS:000280357300004
ER
PT J
AU Merten, EC
Hemstad, NA
Kolka, RK
Newman, RM
Verry, ES
Vondracek, B
AF Merten, Eric C.
Hemstad, Nathaniel A.
Kolka, Randall K.
Newman, Raymond M.
Verry, Elon S.
Vondracek, Bruce
TI Recovery of Sediment Characteristics in Moraine, Headwater Streams of
Northern Minnesota After Forest Harvest1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE environmental impacts; riparian ecology; forests; headwaters; rivers;
streams; sediment; erosion; watershed management
ID BREEDING BIRD RESPONSE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; MANAGEMENT ZONES; RIPARIAN
BUFFERS; DECIDUOUS FOREST; WASHINGTON; MORTALITY; HABITAT; RUNOFF;
CANADA
AB We investigated the recovery of sediment characteristics in four moraine, headwater streams in north-central Minnesota after forest harvest. We examined changes in fine sediment levels from 1997 (preharvest) to 2007 (10 years postharvest) at study plots with upland clear felling and riparian thinning, using canopy cover, proportion of unstable banks, surficial fine substrates, residual pool depth, and streambed depth of refusal as response variables. Basin-scale year effects were significant (p < 0.001) for all responses when evaluated by repeated-measures ANOVAs. Throughout the study area, unstable banks increased for several years postharvest, coinciding with an increase in windthrow and fine sediment. Increased unstable banks may have been caused by forest harvest equipment, increased windthrow and exposure of rootwads, or increased discharge and bank scour. Fine sediment in the channels did not recover by summer 2007, even though canopy cover and unstable banks had returned to 1997 levels. After several storm events in fall 2007, 10 years after the initial sediment input, fine sediment was flushed from the channels and returned to 1997 levels. Although our study design did not discern the source of the initial sediment inputs (e.g., forest harvest, road crossings, other natural causes), we have shown that moraine, headwater streams can require an extended period (up to 10 years) and enabling event (e.g., high storm flows) to recover from large inputs of fine sediment.
C1 [Merten, Eric C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol, Eau Claire, WI 54702 USA.
[Hemstad, Nathaniel A.] Inver Hills Community Coll, Dept Biol, Inver Grove Hts, MN 55076 USA.
[Kolka, Randall K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
[Newman, Raymond M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Verry, Elon S.] Ellen River Partners Inc, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
[Vondracek, Bruce] Univ Minnesota, USGS, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Merten, EC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol, 105 Garfield Ave, Eau Claire, WI 54702 USA.
EM mertenec@uwec.edu
FU Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Division of Fisheries;
Minnesota Forest Resources Council; National Council for Air and Stream
Improvement; U.S. Forest Service; Minnesota Environment and Natural
Resources Trust Fund; Minnesota Trout Unlimited; U.S. Geological Survey;
University of Minnesota; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources;
Wildlife Management Institute
FX This work was funded by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
Division of Fisheries, the Minnesota Forest Resources Council, the
National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, the U.S. Forest
Service, the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund, and
Minnesota Trout Unlimited. Charlie Blinn and Brian Palik selected the
study plots and supervised the manipulations. John Hansen and Jim
Marshall of UPM-Kymenne Corporation Blandin provided access to the study
plots. Forest harvest was completed by Rieger Logging. We sincerely
thank the following for assistance with data collection: Andy Arola,
Brenda Asmus, Jason Bronk, Rebecca Bronk, Ryan Carlson, Bill Coates,
Jacquelyn Conner, Carrie Dorrance, Art Elling, MaryKay Fox, Jo Fritz,
Sarah Harnden, Deacon Kyllander, Marty Melchior, Steffen Merten, Mateya
Miltich, Brittany Mitchell, Erik Mundahl, Elliot Nitzkowski, Ian Phelps,
Lisa Pugh, Jeff Rice, David Schroeder, Jeremy Steil, Dustin Wilman, and
Jason Zwonitzer. The Statistical Consulting Service at the University of
Minnesota provided R code for analysis. Comments from Jacques Finlay,
Heinz Stefan, and three anonymous reviewers improved the quality of the
manuscript. The Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of
Minnesota, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, and the
Wildlife Management Institute.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 4
BP 733
EP 743
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00445.x
PG 11
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 631ON
UT WOS:000280357300008
ER
PT J
AU Brakebill, JW
Ator, SW
Schwarz, GE
AF Brakebill, John W.
Ator, Scott W.
Schwarz, Gregory E.
TI Sources of Suspended-Sediment Flux in Streams of the Chesapeake Bay
Watershed: A Regional Application of the SPARROW Model1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE rivers; streams; estuaries; geospatial analysis; sediment transport;
transport and fate; Chesapeake Bay; model; SPARROW
ID COASTAL-PLAIN RIVERS; UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE; EROSION; PHOSPHORUS;
DELIVERY; MARYLAND; NITROGEN; CARBON; BASIN
AB We describe the sources and transport of fluvial suspended sediment in nontidal streams of the Chesapeake Bay watershed and vicinity. We applied SPAtially Referenced Regressions on Watershed attributes, which spatially correlates estimated mean annual flux of suspended sediment in nontidal streams with sources of suspended sediment and transport factors. According to our model, urban development generates on average the greatest amount of suspended sediment per unit area (3,928 Mg/km2/year), although agriculture is much more widespread and is the greatest overall source of suspended sediment (57 Mg/km2/year). Factors affecting sediment transport from uplands to streams include mean basin slope, reservoirs, physiography, and soil permeability. On average, 59% of upland suspended sediment generated is temporarily stored along large rivers draining the Coastal Plain or in reservoirs throughout the watershed. Applying erosion and sediment controls from agriculture and urban development in areas of the northern Piedmont close to the upper Bay, where the combined effects of watershed characteristics on sediment transport have the greatest influence may be most helpful in mitigating sedimentation in the bay and its tributaries. Stream restoration efforts addressing floodplain and bank stabilization and incision may be more effective in smaller, headwater streams outside of the Coastal Plain.
C1 [Brakebill, John W.; Ator, Scott W.] US Geol Survey, Maryland Delaware DC Water Sci Ctr, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA.
[Schwarz, Gregory E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Assessment Program, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Brakebill, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Maryland Delaware DC Water Sci Ctr, 5522 Res Pk Dr, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA.
EM jwbrakeb@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Chesapeake Bay Studies
FX We thank Michael Langland and Stephen Preston of the U.S. Geological
Survey for providing technical evaluations of this article. We also
thank Allen Gellis, Joel Blomquist, and Richard Alexander of the U.S.
Geological Survey for their insightful contributions. This research was
supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Chesapeake Bay Studies.
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PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 4
BP 757
EP 776
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00450.x
PG 20
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 631ON
UT WOS:000280357300010
ER
PT J
AU Arp, CD
Jones, BM
Whitman, M
Larsen, A
Urban, FE
AF Arp, C. D.
Jones, B. M.
Whitman, M.
Larsen, A.
Urban, F. E.
TI Lake Temperature and Ice Cover Regimes in the Alaskan Subarctic and
Arctic: Integrated Monitoring, Remote Sensing, and Modeling1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE lakes; Arctic; Subarctic; water temperature; ice cover; Alaska
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; WATER AVAILABILITY;
AIR-TEMPERATURE; IMPACTS; RADAR
AB Lake surface regimes are fundamental attributes of lake ecosystems and their interaction with the land and atmosphere. High latitudes may be particularly sensitive to climate change, however, adequate baselines for these lakes are often lacking. In this study, we couple monitoring, remote sensing, and modeling techniques to generate baseline datasets of lake surface temperature and ice cover in the Alaskan Subarctic and Arctic. No detectable trends were observed during this study period, but a number of interesting patterns were noted among lakes and between regions. The largest Arctic lake was relatively unresponsive to air temperature, while the largest Subarctic lake was very responsive likely because it is fed by glacial runoff. Mean late summer water temperatures were higher than air temperatures with differences ranging from 1.7 to 5.4 degrees C in Subarctic lakes and from 2.4 to 3.2 degrees C in Arctic lakes. The warmest mean summer water temperature in both regions was in 2004, with the exception of Subarctic glacially fed lake that was highest in 2005. Ice-out timing had high coherence within regions and years, typically occurring in late May in Subarctic and in early-July in Arctic lakes. Ice-on timing was more dependent on lake size and depth, often varying among lakes within a region. Such analyses provide an important baseline of lake surface regimes at a time when there is increasing interest in high-latitude water ecosystems and resources during an uncertain climate future.
C1 [Arp, C. D.; Jones, B. M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Jones, B. M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Whitman, M.] Arctic Field Off, Bur Land Management, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Larsen, A.] Natl Pk Serv, Cent Alaska Inventory & Monitoring Network, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Urban, F. E.] US Geol Survey, Earth Surface Proc Team, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Arp, CD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM carp@usgs.gov
FU USGS - NPS Water Quality Partnership Program; USGS; Alaska Science
Center through the Department of Interior Landscape Project; USGS Land
Remote Sensing and Geographic Analysis and Monitoring Programs
FX We thank in general the National Park Service, Bureau of Land
Management, Barrow Arctic Research Consortium, and U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service and specifically Richard Beck with University of
Cincinnati, Colin Malone and Jeff Caulfield with DENA, Penny and Tom
Green at Lake Minchumina, Jim Webster with Webster's Flying Service, and
Tim Brabets and Dan Long with U.S. Geological Survey. Helpful reviews of
an early draft of this manuscript were provided by Tom Douglas with U.S.
Army Corp of Engineers Cold Region Research and Engineering Lab and Guy
Adema with DENA. Funding for this research was provided by the USGS -
NPS Water Quality Partnership Program, the USGS, Alaska Science Center
through the Department of Interior Landscape Project, and the USGS Land
Remote Sensing and Geographic Analysis and Monitoring Programs.
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PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 4
BP 777
EP 791
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00451.x
PG 15
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 631ON
UT WOS:000280357300011
ER
PT J
AU Diehl, TH
Wolfe, WJ
AF Diehl, Timothy H.
Wolfe, William J.
TI Suspended-Sediment Concentration Regimes for Two Biological Reference
Streams in Middle Tennessee1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE fish; invertebrates; aquatic ecology; rivers; streams; sediment;
suspended sediment; monitoring; )
ID REFERENCE SITES; FISH
AB Temporal patterns of suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) duration and frequency (SSC regimes) were characterized and compared with biological impairment thresholds for two headwater streams in the Western Highland Rim of Tennessee. The SSC regimes were plotted as curves showing concentrations and durations of the annual longest and tenth-longest SSC excursions above 18 concentrations for water years 2005-2008 in Copperas Branch and water years 2006 and 2008 in Kelley Creek. Both streams have fish communities remarkably diverse for their small drainage basin areas (420 and 565 ha, respectively), and represent biological reference conditions with respect to SSC. SSC-regime curves were similar for the two sites across water years. The measured SSC regimes reached or exceeded published experimentally based SSC impairment thresholds and plotted below a proposed long-term SSC reference regime for the Interior Plateau ecoregion (Ecoregion 71), suggesting that neither the experimentally based thresholds nor the proposed SSC reference regime adequately reflect the relation between SSC and biological impairment for Western Highland Rim headwater streams. The SSC regimes of the two study streams were similar to the estimated SSC regime of an unimpaired East Tennessee trout stream. Additional field studies are needed to describe SSC regimes in streams of varying basin scale, level of impairment, and region.
C1 [Diehl, Timothy H.; Wolfe, William J.] US Geol Survey, Nashville, TN 37211 USA.
RP Diehl, TH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 640 Grassmere Pk,Suite 100, Nashville, TN 37211 USA.
EM thdiehl@usgs.gov
FU Tennessee Department of Transportation (TDOT); U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS) Water Resources Cooperative Program
FX The data collection and analyses presented in this article were funded
jointly by the Tennessee Department of Transportation (TDOT) and the
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Resources Cooperative Program. We
acknowledge the guidance and support of TDOT and USGS colleagues who
reviewed earlier versions of this article. This article has been
approved for publication by the USGS.
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SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 4
BP 824
EP 837
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00460.x
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 631ON
UT WOS:000280357300014
ER
PT J
AU Harper, CJ
Wrege, BM
Isely, JJ
AF Harper, Christopher J.
Wrege, Beth M.
Isely, J. Jeffery
TI Striped Bass, Morone saxatilis, Egg Incubation in Large Volume Jars
SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID DESIGN
AB The standard McDonald jar was compared with a large volume jar for striped bass, Morone saxatilis, egg incubation. The McDonald jar measured 16 cm in diameter by 45 cm in height and had a volume of 6 L. The experimental jar measured 0.4 m in diameter by 1.3 m in height and had a volume of 200 L. The hypothesis is that there is no difference in percent survival of fry hatched in experimental jars compared with McDonald jars. Striped bass brood fish were collected from the Coosa River and spawned using the dry spawn method of fertilization. Four McDonald jars were stocked with approximately 150 g of eggs each. Post-hatch survival was estimated at 48, 96, and 144 h. Stocking rates resulted in an average egg loading rate (+/- 1 SE) in McDonald jars of 21.9 +/- 0.03 eggs/mL and in experimental jars of 10.9 +/- 0.57 eggs/mL. The major finding of this study was that average fry survival was 37.3 +/- 4.49% for McDonald jars and 34.2 +/- 3.80% for experimental jars. Although survival in experimental jars was slightly less than in McDonald jars, the effect of container volume on survival to 48 h (F = 6.57; df = 1,5; P > 0.05), 96 h (F = 0.02; df = 1, 4; P > 0.89), and 144 h (F = 3.50; df = 1, 4; P > 0.13) was not statistically significant. Mean survival between replicates ranged from 14.7 to 60.1% in McDonald jars and from 10.1 to 54.4% in experimental jars. No effect of initial stocking rate on survival (t = 0.06; df = 10; P > 0.95) was detected. Experimental jars allowed for incubation of a greater number of eggs in less than half the floor space of McDonald jars. As hatchery production is often limited by space or water supply, experimental jars offer an alternative to extending spawning activities, thereby reducing labor and operations cost. As survival was similar to McDonald jars, the experimental jar is suitable for striped bass egg incubation.
C1 [Wrege, Beth M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29631 USA.
[Harper, Christopher J.] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Richmond Hill, GA 31324 USA.
[Isely, J. Jeffery] Clemson Univ, S Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Wrege, BM (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29631 USA.
RI Wrege, Beth/B-4451-2008
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0893-8849
J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC
JI J. World Aquacult. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 41
IS 4
BP 633
EP 639
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 635HK
UT WOS:000280646000016
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, LV
Cooper, DJ
AF Reynolds, Lindsay V.
Cooper, David J.
TI Environmental tolerance of an invasive riparian tree and its potential
for continued spread in the southwestern US
SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Exotic plant species; Floodplains; Invasion; Invasive species; Russian
olive
ID UNITED-STATES; RUSSIAN-OLIVE; TAMARIX-RAMOSISSIMA; SPECIES INVASIONS;
PLANT-COMMUNITIES; NATIVE POPULUS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ZONES; ESTABLISHMENT;
ANGUSTIFOLIA
AB Questions
Exotic plant invasion may be aided by facilitation and broad tolerance of environmental conditions, yet these processes are poorly understood in species-rich ecosystems such as riparian zones. In the southwestern United States (US) two plant species have invaded riparian zones: tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima, T. chinensis, and their hybrids) and Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia). We addressed the following questions: (1) is Russian olive able to tolerate drier and shadier conditions than cottonwood and tamarisk? (2) Can tamarisk and cottonwood facilitate Russian olive invasion?
Location
Arid riparian zones, southwestern US.
Methods
We analyzed riparian tree seedling requirements in a controlled experiment, performed empirical field studies, and analyzed stable oxygen isotopes to determine the water sources used by Russian olive.
Results
Russian olive survival was significantly higher in dense shade and low moisture conditions than tamarisk and cottonwood. Field observations indicated Russian olive established where flooding cannot occur, and under dense canopies of tamarisk, cottonwood, and Russian olive. Tamarisk and native riparian plant species seedlings cannot establish in these dry, shaded habitats. Russian olive can rely on upper soil water until 15 years of age, before utilizing groundwater.
Conclusions
We demonstrate that even though there is little evidence of facilitation by cottonwood and tamarisk, Russian olive is able to tolerate dense shade and low moisture conditions better than tamarisk and cottonwood. There is great potential for continued spread of Russian olive throughout the southwestern US because large areas of suitable habitat exist that are not yet inhabited by this species.
C1 [Reynolds, Lindsay V.; Cooper, David J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Reynolds, Lindsay V.; Cooper, David J.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Reynolds, LV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM reynoldsl@usgs.gov; david.cooper@colostate.edu
FU US National Park Service; Center for Invasive Plant Management; National
Science Foundation [DGE-0221595003]
FX Funding for this research was provided primarily by the US National Park
Service, with additional funds from the Center for Invasive Plant
Management, and the Program for Interdisciplinary Mathematics, Ecology
and Statistics at Colorado State University (National Science Foundation
award #DGE-0221595003). We thank Joel Wagner of the National Park
Service Water Resources Division, Scott Travis, Elaine Leslie, and all
the Canyon de Chelly staff for logistical support. We also thank Kris
Jaeger, Laurie Gilligan, Renee Petipas, Frankie Coburn, Nathan Cooper,
and Emily Nash for tireless support in the field. Thanks also to Phil
Chapman for advice on statistical analyses. This manuscript benefited
from comments and discussion on earlier drafts by Kristin Marshall, Tom
Hobbs, and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 48
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U1 4
U2 47
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1100-9233
J9 J VEG SCI
JI J. Veg. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 21
IS 4
BP 733
EP 743
DI 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2010.01179.x
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA 619SI
UT WOS:000279450200010
ER
PT J
AU Grovenburg, TW
Jacques, CN
Klaver, RW
Jenks, JA
AF Grovenburg, Troy W.
Jacques, Christopher N.
Klaver, Robert W.
Jenks, Jonathan A.
TI Bed Site Selection by Neonate Deer in Grassland Habitats on the Northern
Great Plains
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE bed site; habitat use; neonate; Northern Great Plains; Odocoileus
virginianus; South Dakota; white-tailed deer
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; SOUTH-DAKOTA; MORTALITY; FAWNS; BEHAVIOR;
CONSERVATION; MICHIGAN; CAPTURE; IOWA
AB Bed site selection is an important behavioral trait influencing neonate survival. Vegetation characteristics of bed sites influence thermal protection of neonates and concealment from predators. Although previous studies describe bed site selection of neonatal white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in regions of forested cover, none determined microhabitat effects on neonate bed site selection in the Northern Great Plains, an area of limited forest cover. During summers 2007-2009, we investigated bed site selection (n = 152) by 81 radiocollared neonate white-tailed deer in north-central South Dakota, USA. We documented 80 (52.6%) bed sites in tallgrass-Conservation Reserve Program lands, 35 (23.0%) bed sites in forested cover, and 37 (24.3%) in other habitats (e.g., pasture, alfalfa, wheat). Bed site selection varied with age and sex of neonate. Tree canopy cover (P < 0.001) and tree basal area (P < 0.001) decreased with age of neonates, with no bed sites observed in forested cover after 18 days of age. Male neonates selected sites with less grass cover (P < 0.001), vertical height of understory vegetation (P < 0.001), and density of understory vegetation (P < 0.001) but greater bare ground (P = 0.047), litter (P = 0.028), and wheat (P = 0.044) than did females. Odds of bed site selection increased 3.5% (odds ratio = 1.035, 95% CI = 1.008-1.062) for every 1-cm increase in vertical height of understory vegetation. Management for habitat throughout the grasslands of South Dakota that maximizes vertical height of understory vegetation would enhance cover characteristics selected by neonates.
C1 [Grovenburg, Troy W.; Jenks, Jonathan A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Jacques, Christopher N.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Bur Sci Serv, Madison, WI 53716 USA.
[Klaver, Robert W.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Earth Resources Observat & Sci, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Grovenburg, TW (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM troy.grovenburg@sdstate.edu
RI Jenks, Jonathan/B-7321-2009; Grovenburg, Troy/K-3346-2012
FU Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration [W-75-R-145, 7530]; Department of
Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences at South Dakota State University; Joseph
F. Nelson Scholarship Fund
FX Our study was funded by Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration (Project
W-75-R-145, no. 7530), administered through South Dakota Department of
Game, Fish and Parks. We appreciate the support provided by the
Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences at South Dakota State
University and the Joseph F. Nelson Scholarship Fund. We thank R.
Stephens, G. Dixon, and J. Galbraith for field assistance. We thank S.
D. Ditchkoff and C. K. Nielsen, who provided helpful comments on earlier
drafts of our manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
United States Government.
NR 51
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U1 1
U2 13
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 6
BP 1250
EP 1256
DI 10.2193/2009-399
PG 7
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 630ZT
UT WOS:000280316700010
ER
PT J
AU Jopp, F
DeAngelis, DL
Trexler, JC
AF Jopp, Fred
DeAngelis, Donald L.
Trexler, Joel C.
TI Modeling seasonal dynamics of small fish cohorts in fluctuating
freshwater marsh landscapes
SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Wetlands; Transient and permanent waterbodies; Aquatic food web; Trophic
cascades; Water level fluctuations; Wetland management; Maximum biomass
production; Everglades
ID COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; TROPHIC INTERACTIONS; EVERGLADES; DISTURBANCE;
POPULATION; WETLAND; FLORIDA; MANAGEMENT; PREDATORS; MOVEMENT
AB Small-bodied fishes constitute an important assemblage in many wetlands. In wetlands that dry periodically except for small permanent waterbodies, these fishes are quick to respond to change and can undergo large fluctuations in numbers and biomasses. An important aspect of landscapes that are mixtures of marsh and permanent waterbodies is that high rates of biomass production occur in the marshes during flooding phases, while the permanent waterbodies serve as refuges for many biotic components during the dry phases. The temporal and spatial dynamics of the small fishes are ecologically important, as these fishes provide a crucial food base for higher trophic levels, such as wading birds. We develop a simple model that is analytically tractable, describing the main processes of the spatio-temporal dynamics of a population of small-bodied fish in a seasonal wetland environment, consisting of marsh and permanent waterbodies. The population expands into newly flooded areas during the wet season and contracts during declining water levels in the dry season. If the marsh dries completely during these times (a drydown), the fish need refuge in permanent waterbodies. At least three new and general conclusions arise from the model: (1) there is an optimal rate at which fish should expand into a newly flooding area to maximize population production; (2) there is also a fluctuation amplitude of water level that maximizes fish production, and (3) there is an upper limit on the number of fish that can reach a permanent waterbody during a drydown, no matter how large the marsh surface area is that drains into the waterbody. Because water levels can be manipulated in many wetlands, it is useful to have an understanding of the role of these fluctuations.
C1 [Jopp, Fred] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.] US Geol Survey, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Trexler, Joel C.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
RP Jopp, F (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
EM fredjopp@bio.miami.edu
FU U. S. Geological Survey's Florida Integrated Science Center; University
of Miami, Biology Departement; USGS's Greater Everglades Priority
Ecosystem; Everglades National Park and Florida International University
[J5284060020]; Comprehensive Ecosystem Science Initiative (CESI);
National Science Foundation [DBI-0620409, DEB-9910514]
FX FJ was supported by U. S. Geological Survey's Florida Integrated Science
Center, and by the University of Miami, Biology Departement. DLD was
supported by the U. S. Geological Survey's Florida Integrated Science
Center, and by the USGS's Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem funding.
JCT was supported by cooperative agreement J5284060020 between
Everglades National Park and Florida International University, and
funding provided by the Comprehensive Ecosystem Science Initiative
(CESI). Aspects of this paper are based upon work supported by the
National Science Foundation under Grant No. DBI-0620409 and Grant No.
DEB-9910514. We thank Adam Obaza for comments on earlier versions of
this draft.
NR 47
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U1 0
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2973
J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL
JI Landsc. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 7
BP 1041
EP 1054
DI 10.1007/s10980-010-9478-x
PG 14
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 621PC
UT WOS:000279592100005
ER
PT J
AU Riedel, M
Collett, TS
Kumar, P
Sathe, AV
Cook, A
AF Riedel, M.
Collett, T. S.
Kumar, P.
Sathe, A. V.
Cook, A.
TI Seismic imaging of a fractured gas hydrate system in the
Krishna-Godavari Basin offshore India
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrates; KG Basin; Fractured systems; Seismic attributes;
Logging-while-drilling
ID EAST-COAST; DELTA
AB Gas hydrate was discovered in the Krishna-Godavari (KG) Basin during the India National Gas Hydrate Program (NGHP) Expedition 1 at Site NGHP-01-10 within a fractured clay-dominated sedimentary system. Logging-while-drilling (LWD), coring, and wire-line logging confirmed gas hydrate dominantly in fractures at four borehole sites spanning a 500 m transect. Three-dimensional (3D) seismic data were subsequently used to image the fractured system and explain the occurrence of gas hydrate associated with the fractures. A system of two fault-sets was identified, part of a typical passive margin tectonic setting. The LWD-derived fracture network at Hole NGHP-01-10A is to some extent seen in the seismic data and was mapped using seismic coherency attributes. The fractured system around Site NGHP-01-10 extends over a triangular-shaped area of similar to 2.5 km(2) defined using seismic attributes of the seafloor reflection, as well as "seismic sweetness" at the base of the gas hydrate occurrence zone. The triangular shaped area is also showing a polygonal (nearly hexagonal) fault pattern, distinct from other more rectangular fault patterns observed in the study area. The occurrence of gas hydrate at Site NGHP-01-10 is the result of a specific combination of tectonic fault orientations and the abundance of free gas migration from a deeper gas source. The triangular-shaped area of enriched gas hydrate occurrence is bound by two faults acting as migration conduits. Additionally, the fault-associated sediment deformation provides a possible migration pathway for the free gas from the deeper gas source into the gas hydrate stability zone. It is proposed that there are additional locations in the KG Basin with possible gas hydrate accumulation of similar tectonic conditions, and one such location was identified from the 3D seismic data 6 km NW of Site NGHP-01-10. Crown Copyright (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Riedel, M.] McGill Univ, Sidney Subdivi, Geol Survey Canada Pacific, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
[Collett, T. S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Kumar, P.; Sathe, A. V.] Oil & Nat Gas Corp Ltd, KDM Inst Petr Explorat, Dehra Dun 248195, Uttaranchai, India.
[Cook, A.] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
RP Riedel, M (reprint author), McGill Univ, Sidney Subdivi, Geol Survey Canada Pacific, 9860 W Saanich Rd, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
EM mriedel@nrcan.gc.ca
RI Cook, Ann/D-8798-2013
OI Cook, Ann/0000-0002-5658-0329
NR 29
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Z9 43
U1 4
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 7
BP 1476
EP 1493
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.06.002
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 638ZH
UT WOS:000280940000012
ER
PT J
AU Gelfenbaum, G
Kaminsky, GM
AF Gelfenbaum, Guy
Kaminsky, George M.
TI Large-scale coastal change in the Columbia River littoral cell: An
overview
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE coastal dynamics; geological processes; coastal accretion; coastal
erosion; littoral cell; coastal behavior
ID WASHINGTON CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SHORELINE CHANGE; USA; EVOLUTION;
SEDIMENT; ESTUARY; VARIABILITY; BARRIERS; DEPOSITS; BEHAVIOR
AB This overview introduces large-scale coastal change in the Columbia River littoral cell (CRLC). Covering 165 km of the southwest Washington and northwest Oregon coasts, the littoral cell is made up of wide low-sloping dissipative beaches, broad coastal dunes and barrier plains, three large estuaries, and is bounded by rocky headlands. The beaches and inner shelf are composed of fine-grained sand from the Columbia River and are exposed to a high-energy winter wave climate. Throughout the Holocene, the CRLC has undergone large fluctuations in shoreline change trends, responding to a variety of coastal change drivers, including changing rates of sea-level rise, infrequent, yet catastrophic, co-seismic subsidence events, a large regional sediment supply, inter-annual climatic fluctuations (El Nino cycles), seasonally varying wave climate, and numerous anthropogenic influences. Human influences on the CRLC include construction of over 200 dams in the Columbia River drainage basin, dredging of navigation channels removing sand to upland sites and offshore deep-water sites, and construction of large inlet jetties at the entrances to the Columbia River and Grays Harbor. The construction of these massive entrance jetties at the end of the 19th century has been the dominant driver of coastal change through most of the littoral cell over the last hundred years. Presently, some beaches in the littoral cell are eroding in response to nearshore sediment deficits resulting from a) ebb-jets of the confined entrances pushing the previously large, shallow ebb-tidal deltas offshore into deeper water, and b) waves dispersing the nearshore delta flanks initially onshore and then alongshore away from the jetties. This overview describes 1) the motivation for developing a system-wide understanding of sediment dynamics in the littoral cell at multiple time and space scales, 2) the formation and approach of the Southwest Washington Coastal Erosion Study, and 3) an introduction to the papers in this special issue. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Gelfenbaum, Guy] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Kaminsky, George M.] Washington State Dept Ecol, Olympia, WA 98504 USA.
RP Gelfenbaum, G (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS999, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM ggelfenbaum@usgs.gov; gkam461@ecy.wa.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Coastal and Marine Geology Program; Washington
State Department of Ecology; Coastal Communities of southwest
Washington; Coastal Communities of northwest Oregon
FX The Southwest Washington Coastal Erosion Study was funded primarily by
the U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program and the
Washington State Department of Ecology. We thank Jeff Williams, John
Haines and Mike Carr of the USGS and the Coastal Communities of
southwest Washington and northwest Oregon for their support. We
appreciate the efforts of all of the authors who contributed to this
special issue and those who assisted in the data collection and
analysis. In particular, we thank Brian Voigt, Diana McCandless, Laura
Landerman, Ann Gibbs, Dave Percy, Rich Daniels and Etienne Kingsley.
Early discussions with Drs. Chris Sherwood, Vladimir Shepsis, and Jim
Phipps helped frame the issues. The Southwest Washington Coastal Erosion
Study benefited from independent mid-project reviews by Drs. Paul Komar,
Peter Cowell, Robert Morton, and Marcel Stive. Collaboration with the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle and Portland Districts, and the
Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory, including Hans Moritz, Dr. Nick Kraus,
Eric Nelson, and Steve Babcock was greatly appreciated. This
introductory paper was improved by reviews from Drs. Patrick Barnard and
Homa Lee, and by editing from Terry Swanson and Candice Holcombe.
NR 59
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U1 2
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 273
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 1
EP 10
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2010.02.007
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 611DY
UT WOS:000278792400001
ER
PT J
AU Twichell, DC
Cross, VA
Peterson, CD
AF Twichell, David C.
Cross, VeeAnn A.
Peterson, Curt D.
TI Partitioning of sediment on the shelf offshore of the Columbia River
littoral cell
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE continental shelf; holocene sediments; Columbia River
ID CONTINENTAL-SHELF; WASHINGTON; CALIFORNIA; TRANSPORT
AB Sediment derived from the Columbia River has been deposited on the continental shelf, along the barriers and beaches, and in the bays of the Oregon and Washington coast during the Holocene. The barrier and beach deposits of this 150-km section of coast comprise approximately 6 km(3) of these Holocene sediments (Peterson et al., 2010-this issue) while the fluvial and bay deposits comprise about 104 km(3) (Baker et al., 2010-this issue), and the shelf deposit is approximately 79 km(3). Seismic-reflection, sidescan sonar, and surface sediment data show that the shelf deposit is not uniform in distribution or composition. The shelf deposit is 15-50 m thick off the beaches of the southern part of the study area but is less than 3 m thick, and, in places, absent from the inner shelf in the northern third of the study area. Surface sediment texture of the shelf deposit varies as well. Pleistocene-age gravel covers parts of the inner shelf in the northern third of the area. To the south, the surface of the Holocene shelf deposit is composed of fine sand near shore that grades offshore to dominantly very fine sand in 25-30 m water depth and muddy sand on the middle and outer shelf (>50 m depth). Although a huge volume of sediment covers the shelf, its uneven distribution indicates that in places only small amounts are available as a potential offshore source to the adjacent beaches, and in other places the finer-grained nature of the shelf deposit indicates that significant winnowing of fine sediment would be necessary to make it compositionally equivalent to sediment on adjacent beaches. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Twichell, David C.; Cross, VeeAnn A.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Peterson, Curt D.] Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
RP Twichell, DC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM dtwichell@usgs.gov
NR 45
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U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 273
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 11
EP 31
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2010.02.001
PG 21
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 611DY
UT WOS:000278792400002
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, CD
Jol, HM
Vanderburgh, S
Phipps, JB
Percy, D
Gelfenbaum, G
AF Peterson, Curt D.
Jol, Harry M.
Vanderburgh, Sandy
Phipps, James B.
Percy, David
Gelfenbaum, Guy
TI Dating of late Holocene beach shoreline positions by regional
correlation of coseismic retreat events in the Columbia River littoral
cell, USA
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE shoreface; holocene; dating; earthquakes; GPR; Cascadia
ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; SOUTHWEST WASHINGTON; AGE CALIBRATION; COASTAL
BARRIER; EARTHQUAKES; SUBSIDENCE; BAY; GPR
AB Beaches and barrier spits of the Columbia River littoral cell (CRLC), 160 km in length, experienced substantial progradation, 0.5-2.5 km in width, during the late Holocene. The accreted beach plains and barriers preserved evidence of episodic catastrophic retreat that was forced by coseismic subsidence. The abrupt subsidence events (0.5-1.5 m submergence) are associated with slip on the underlying Cascadia megathrust, with a mean recurrence interval of similar to 500 yr. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) profiles taken across the barriers and beach plains show high-angle beach retreat scarps (3-15 m vertical relief) and foredune-ridge slump scarps (5-15 m vertical relief).
The upper-shoreface retreat features are correlated throughout the littoral cell by radiocarbon age, position relative to abandoned foredune ridges, and distinct sequences of large and small scarps. Particularly large retreat scarps (10-15 m in height) are associated with the first oldest and fourth oldest prehistoric scarps, 'A' and 'D', respectively. A maximum of 10 retreat scarps in the Long Beach subcell date from 216 +/- 211 calRCYBP to 4756 +/- 114 calRCYBP. The youngest seven scarps (A-G) are correlated between all four subcells, showing a regional response to the coseismic strain cycles. Backshore disturbance features (1-3 m vertical relief) are observed in the GPR profiles, but they are not identified here due to their discontinuities between adjacent profiles at similar to 5 km longshore spacing.
The seven regional scarps (A-G) are directly correlated to seven coseismic subsidence events, reported to date between 0.3 and similar to 3.2 ka. The correlation of scarps to earthquake events provides high-resolution proxy ages for shoreline positions in late Holocene time. The proxy shoreline positions are dated at 0.3, 1.1, 1.3, similar to 1.7, similar to 2.5, similar to 2.8, and similar to 3.2 ka, based on buried wetland sequences from adjacent tidal basins. The paleoshoreline dating demonstrates that the onset of net shoreface progradation (between 4.7 and 0.3 ka) was delayed with increasing distance (0-100 km) from the Columbia River sand source. The history of beach progradation reflects the sequential filling of bay and shoreface accommodation spaces located down-drift of the Columbia River mouth. These late Holocene shoreline changes portend future redistributions of existing sand within the littoral system as the limited sand reserves continue to migrate away from the Columbia River mouth source. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Peterson, Curt D.; Percy, David] Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Jol, Harry M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog & Anthropol, Eau Claire, WI 54702 USA.
[Vanderburgh, Sandy] Lethbridge Coll, Ctr Appl Arts & Sci, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada.
[Phipps, James B.] Grays Harbor Coll, Aberdeen, WA 98520 USA.
[Gelfenbaum, Guy] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 95205 USA.
RP Peterson, CD (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
EM Petersonc@pdx.edu
FU US Geological Survey; Coastal and Marine Geology Program
[1434-Q-96-AG-01612]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
[NA36RG0451]
FX We thank Loraine Woxell, Chard Bartz, Brian Junck, Brian Thayer, Andrew
Zachary, and Nick Zerr for their assistance. Brian Atwater, Ian
Hutchinson, and Peter Roy provided valuable suggestions for the
improvement of this manuscript. This study was funded by the US
Geological Survey, and Coastal and Marine Geology Program, under the
South West Washington Coastal Erosion Project, Co-op #1434-Q-96-AG-01612
from 1996 to 2001. This work was also supported by Sea Grant no.
NA36RG0451 (project no. R/CP-28) from the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration to the Oregon State University Sea Grant
College Program and by appropriations made by the Oregon State
Legislature.
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PI AMSTERDAM
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SN 0025-3227
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 273
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 44
EP 61
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2010.02.003
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 611DY
UT WOS:000278792400004
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, CD
Vanderburgh, S
Roberts, MC
Jol, HM
Phipps, J
Twichell, DC
AF Peterson, Curt D.
Vanderburgh, Sandy
Roberts, Michael C.
Jol, Harry M.
Phipps, Jim
Twichell, David C.
TI Composition, age, and depositional rates of shoreface deposits under
barriers and beach plains of the Columbia River littoral cell, USA
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE accommodation space; Columbia River; shoreface; littoral cell; Holocene
transgression
ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; DISPERSAL PATTERNS;
PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; MISSOULA FLOODS; WASHINGTON; SEDIMENT; OREGON; SANDS;
CALIBRATION
AB The Columbia River littoral cell (CRLC) consists of four subcells (totaling 160 km in length) that are unique in the West Coast of the United States, in that they contain prograded barriers and beach plains, reaching 0.5-3 km in width (Fig. 1). The prograded beach deposits (1-5 ka in age) overlie shoreface deposits (1-8 ka in age), as identified in 18 ground penetrating radar profiles, and sampled from 24 boreholes. Two competing hypotheses were initially proposed to account for the origins of these unique, progradative shorelines: (1) cross-shore feeding by onshore wave transport of pre-Holocene sand from the submerged shelf, and (2) longshore dispersal of nearshore sand that was supplied to the littoral system by bedload sediment discharge from the Columbia River during the Holocene.
The CRLC sand forming the shoreface deposits is fine (diameter 0.2 +/- 0.02 mm) and rich in lithic fragments (20-40% by volume). Gravel and shell lag layers are uncommon in most of the CRLC shoreface deposits, but they show greater abundance locally near ravinement surfaces, tidal inlets, and in the Clatsop subcell, located south of the Columbia River mouth. Gravel and granule layers increase upsection in barriers south of the Columbia River and downsection in barriers at the northern end of the littoral system. These trends suggest different mechanisms of shoreface sediment feeding within the four subcells. However, borehole samples from all four subcells show the same sand provenance, i.e., post-glacial Columbia River sand, which is identified by high ratios of hypersthene:augite in heavy-mineral fractions.
Selected shoreface sections were dated (0.5-8 ka) by AMS radiocarbon analysis of articulated-shell and wood fragments recovered from auger flights (3-22 m depth subsurface). Relatively young shoreface deposition (2.5 ka at -6.5 m elevation NGVD88) in the Clatsop subcell south of the Columbia River shows a net-southward beach transport that fed shoreface and beachface progradation into deeper water. Older and deeper shoreface deposition (4.4 ka at -7.1 m elevation) in the Long Beach subcell north of the Columbia River was a result of the filling of innermost-shelf accommodation space prior to beachface progradation. The total volume of shoreface sand deposited under the barrier spits and beach plains of the CRLC is estimated to be 6-7 km(3) deposited since 6-8 ka. There was a net-northward transport of littoral sand (similar to 1 x 10(6) m(3) year(-1)) along the nearshore and inner-shelf; subsequently some of this sand was transported onshore to feed beaches of the northernmost subcells. Columbia River sand was also the source for the formation of the offshore shelf wedge above the transgressive ravinement surface, and for the filling of major tidal basins located north of the Columbia River. In summary, the unique progradational history of the CRLC barriers and beach plains derives from the combination of (1) longshore dispersal of fine sand discharged from the Columbia River during Holocene time, and (2) across-shore feeding of beaches at the northern end of the littoral system from fine sand carried north along the nearshore and the inner-shelf. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Peterson, Curt D.] Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Vanderburgh, Sandy] Lethbridge Coll, Ctr Appl Arts & Sci, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada.
[Roberts, Michael C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Geog, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Roberts, Michael C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Jol, Harry M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog & Anthropol, Eau Claire, WI 54702 USA.
[Phipps, Jim] Grays Harbor Coll, Aberdeen, WA 98520 USA.
[Twichell, David C.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Peterson, CD (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
EM Petersonc@pdx.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Coastal and Marine Geology Program
[1434-HQ-96-AG-01612]
FX John C. Kraft and Derald G. Smith provided inspirations to several of
these authors to work out the details of the prograded barriers and
beach plains of the SW Washington coast. We thank April Herb for her
early efforts in this logistically challenging study. Andrew Zachary put
in long hours assisting with the auger and mud-rotary drilling. This
manuscript benefited from a careful review by Sytze Van Heteren. This
work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine
Geology Program, under the South West Washington Coastal Erosion
Project, Co-op #1434-HQ-96-AG-01612 from 1996 to 2001.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 273
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 62
EP 82
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2010.02.004
PG 21
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 611DY
UT WOS:000278792400005
ER
PT J
AU Baker, D
Peterson, C
Hemphill-Haley, E
Twichell, D
AF Baker, Diana
Peterson, Curt
Hemphill-Haley, Eileen
Twichell, David
TI Latest Pleistocene and Holocene (2-16 ka) sedimentation in the Columbia
River Estuary, Oregon, USA
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Columbia River Estuary; Oregon; Late Pleistocene; Holocene;
sedimentation
AB A deep borehole drilled at Warrenton, Oregon in the ancestral valley of the Columbia River represents a geologic record that extends from 2 ka to 16 ka. Prior to the onset of the Holocene marine transgression at 16 ka, the incised Columbia River valley was cut to 112 m below present sea level at this location. The onset of estuarine circulation in the Columbia River estuary occurred at 11.5 ka as determined by the first appearance of brackish water diatoms in sediments from borehole cores at a depth of 70 m. Grain size and heavy mineral analyses indicate that the Columbia River tidal basin served initially (16-11 ka) as a bedload-bypassing conduit to the continental shelf, and/or the Astoria Canyon. With the ongoing Holocene transgression, the Columbia River tidal basin became more efficient as a river sediment sink between 11.5 and 9.0 ka. After 9.0 ka, the filling tidal basin again served as a sediment-bypassing conduit (source) of sand to the coastline and continental shelf. Heavy mineral analyses indicate that between 16 and 11 ka the Columbia River tidal basin was dominated by sediment from the metamorphic interior basins of the Columbia drainage basin. The dominant sediment source changed from the metamorphic interior basins of the Columbia drainage basin to the Cascade volcanic arc between 11.5 and 9.0 ka. After 9.0 ka, the tidal basin was dominated by Cascade volcanic arc derived sediments.
The total volume of Holocene sediment, primarily bedload, which has accumulated in the lower Columbia River valley, is 73 km(3). This compares to only 13-km(3) accumulation during the last 5 ka. The tidal basin accumulation rate gradually increased from 0.6 million m(3)/yr to slightly over 18 million m(3)/yr between the depths of 112 m and 30 m (16 to 9 ka). Above the 30 m depth (corresponding to 8.2 ka), the rate of basin volume fill dramatically decreased to just over 4 million m(3)/yr. Such a large decrease in sediment accumulation rate suggests that after 9 ka sediments were bypassing the nearly full tidal basin to the beaches and inner shelf. The rates of bedload bypassing the lower Columbia River valley, substantially greater than 2.4 million m(3)/yr, supported the shoreface progradation in the littoral cell during the late Holocene. 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Baker, Diana; Peterson, Curt] Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Hemphill-Haley, Eileen] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Twichell, David] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Baker, D (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, POB 751, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
EM Diana_Baker@beavton.k12.or.us
FU USGS [1434-HQ-96-AG-01612]
FX This study was made possible by funding from the USGS, Grant #
1434-HQ-96-AG-01612. The City of Warrenton permitted the drilling on
city property. Sandy Vanderburgh, University College of the Fraser
Valley, supervised the borehole coring and April Herb, Portland State
University, logged the cores. Edward Gates provided boreholes and water
well log data. Beta Analytic Inc. completed the C14 dating.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 273
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 83
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2010.02.005
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 611DY
UT WOS:000278792400006
ER
PT J
AU Kaminsky, GM
Ruggiero, P
Buijsman, MC
McCandless, D
Gelfenbaum, G
AF Kaminsky, George M.
Ruggiero, Peter
Buijsman, Maarten C.
McCandless, Diana
Gelfenbaum, Guy
TI Historical evolution of the Columbia River littoral cell
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE shoreline change; sediment budget; coastal evolution; large-scale
coastal behaviour; Columbia River littoral cell; Washington State;
Oregon State
ID WASHINGTON CONTINENTAL-SHELF; GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; ORDER COASTAL
CHANGE; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SHORELINE CHANGE; SHOREFACE MORPHODYNAMICS;
WAVE CLIMATE; GRAYS HARBOR; WILLAPA BAY; INNER SHELF
AB This paper details the historical coastal evolution of the Columbia River littoral cell in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Geological data from A.D. 1700 and records leading up to the late 1800s provide insights to the natural system dynamics prior to significant human intervention, most notably jetty construction between 1885 and 1917. All reliable surveys, charts, and aerial photos are used to quantify decadal-scale changes at the three estuary entrances and four sub-cells of the littoral cell. Shoreline, bathymetric, and topographic change over three historical intervals-1870s-1920s, 1920s-1950s. and 1950s-1990s-are integrated to provide an understanding of sediment-sharing relationships among the littoral cell components. Regional morphological change data are developed for alongshore segments of approximately 5 km, enabling comparisons of shoreline change to upper-shoreface and barrier volume change within common compartments. The construction of entrance jetties at the Columbia River (1885-1917) and Grays Harbor (1898-1916) has profoundly affected the evolution of the littoral cell, and has accentuated the morphological coupling between the inlets, ebb-tidal deltas, shorefaces, and barriers. The jetties induced erosion of the inlets and offshore migration of ebb-tidal deltas. The change in boundary conditions at the entrances enabled waves to rework the flanks of ebb-tidal deltas and supply enormous quantities of sand to the adjacent coasts. Over several decades the initial sand pulses have been dispersed alongshore up to tens of kilometers from the estuary entrances. Winter waves and coastal currents produce net northward sediment transport across the shoreface while summer conditions tend to induce onshore sediment transport and accumulation of the upper shoreface and barriers at relatively high rates. Historical shoreline progradation rates since jetty construction are approximately double the late prehistoric rates between 1700 and the 1870s. Erosion rates of the mid- to lower shoreface to the south of the jettied estuary entrances have typically been greater than the accumulation rates of the upper shoreface and barrier, suggesting that the lower shoreface has been an important source of littoral sediments over decadal and longer time scales. Until recent decades, sediment supply from the ebb-tidal delta flanks and lower shoreface has largely masked the decline in Columbia River sediment supply resulting from flow regulation and dredging disposal practices. With the contemporary onset and expansion of coastal erosion adjacent to the jettied estuary entrances, proper management of dredged sediment is imperative to mitigate the effects of a declining sediment budget. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kaminsky, George M.; McCandless, Diana] Washington State Dept Ecol, Olympia, WA USA.
[Ruggiero, Peter] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Buijsman, Maarten C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Gelfenbaum, Guy] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Kaminsky, GM (reprint author), Washington State Dept Ecol, Olympia, WA USA.
EM gkam461@ecy.wa.gov; ruggierp@geo.oregonstate.edu; mbui@atmos.ucla.edu;
ggelfenbaum@usgs.gov
OI Ruggiero, Peter/0000-0001-7425-9953
FU Washington State Department of Ecology; USGS
FX The authors would like to recognize and thank several colleagues for
their contributions to this paper. Christopher Sherwood and Ann Gibbs
(USGS), and Jerry Franklin (Washington State Department of Ecology)
assisted with the development of the regional sediment budget analysis
of the CRLC. Hans Moritz (USACE, Portland District), Eric Nelson (USACE,
Seattle District), and Mark Byrnes (Applied Coastal Research and
Engineering, Inc.) provided historical survey data. David McKinnie and
Gregory Fromm (NOAA, NOS and NGS) assisted with the acquisition of
historical T-sheets and the 1995 aerial photography. Richard Daniels and
Robert Huxford (formerly of the Washington State Department of Ecology)
assisted with the derivation of historical shorelines. Curt Peterson
(Portland State University) provided the paleoscarp data. Candice
Holcombe and Terry Swanson (Washington State Department of Ecology)
assisted with editing drafts of the manuscript. Mark Byrnes and Jose
Jimenez provided helpful scientific reviews of the submitted manuscript.
This work was performed as a contribution to the Southwest Washington
Coastal Erosion Study, co-funded and directed by the Washington State
Department of Ecology and the USGS.
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PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 273
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 96
EP 126
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2010.02.006
PG 31
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 611DY
UT WOS:000278792400007
ER
PT J
AU Ruggiero, P
Buijsman, M
Kaminsky, GM
Gelfenbaum, G
AF Ruggiero, Peter
Buijsman, Maarten
Kaminsky, George M.
Gelfenbaum, Guy
TI Modeling the effects of wave climate and sediment supply variability on
large-scale shoreline change
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE shoreline modeling; shoreline change; longshore transport; climate
variability; sediment budget; Washington State; Oregon State; Columbia
River littoral cell
ID RIVER LITTORAL CELL; EL-NINO; EVOLUTION; COASTLINE; USA; SHOREFACE;
GENESIS; OREGON; LIDAR
AB The application of an integrated data analysis and modeling scheme reveals that decadal-scale shoreline evolution along a U.S. Pacific Northwest littoral cell is highly dependent on both sediment supply and wave climate variability. In particular, accurate estimates of (Columbia River) sediment supply and sediment feeding from the lower shoreface are critical components of balancing the barrier beach sediment budget and are therefore essential to making sensible shoreline change hindcasts and forecasts. A simple deterministic one-line shoreline change model, applied in a quasi-probabilistic manner, enables evaluation of the influence of sediment supply and wave climate variability through simulation of historical shoreline change. Through iteration, a range of realistic scenarios are developed to constrain decadal-scale shoreline change predictions. Modeled shoreline changes are significantly sensitive to directional changes in the incident waves, and therefore sensitive to the occurrence of interannual climatic fluctuations such as major El Nino events. A predicted increase in the intensity of the east Pacific wave climate (1.0 m increase in significant wave height in 20 yr) affects forecast shoreline positions only when this increase occurs during the winter storm season. However, the effect of this increase in storm power during any given year is small relative to the impact of major El Nino events. The model has significant skill in decadal-scale hindcasts suggesting that alongshore gradients in sediment transport dominate coastal change at this scale at this site. However, both data and model results suggest that net onshore feeding from the lower shoreface is responsible for approximately 20% of the decadal-scale coastal change. Field measurements and poor model skill at annual scale indicate that cross-shore processes likely dominate coastal change at shorter time scales. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ruggiero, Peter; Gelfenbaum, Guy] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Buijsman, Maarten] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Kaminsky, George M.] Washington Dept Ecol, Olympia, WA USA.
RP Ruggiero, P (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, 104 Wilkinson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM ruggierp@science.oregonstate.edu; mbui@nioz.nl; gkam461@ecy.wa.gov;
ggelfenbaum@usgs.gov
OI Ruggiero, Peter/0000-0001-7425-9953
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Washington State Department of Ecology;
Southwest Washington Coastal Erosion Study
FX This work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Washington
State Department of Ecology as part of the Southwest Washington Coastal
Erosion Study. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. Thoughtful reviews by Dan Hanes, Mark Gravens, Jeff List,
Geoff Smith, and Marcel Stive significantly improved this manuscript.
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PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 273
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 127
EP 140
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2010.02.008
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 611DY
UT WOS:000278792400008
ER
PT J
AU Ribic, CA
Sheavly, SB
Rugg, DJ
Erdmann, ES
AF Ribic, Christine A.
Sheavly, Seba B.
Rugg, David J.
Erdmann, Eric S.
TI Trends and drivers of marine debris on the Atlantic coast of the United
States 1997-2007
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine debris; Beaches; Atlantic coast; United States; Trend; Monitoring
ID TEMPORAL VARIATIONS; BEACH DEBRIS; NEW-JERSEY; LITTER; DEPOSITION;
AUSTRALIA; ISLANDS; REGION
AB For the first time, we documented regional differences in amounts and long-term trends of marine debris along the US Atlantic coast. The Southeast Atlantic had low land-based and general-source debris loads as well as no increases despite a 19% increase in coastal population. The Northeast (8% population increase) also had low land-based and general-source debris loads and no increases. The Mid-Atlantic (10% population increase) fared the worst, with heavy land-based and general-source debris loads that increased over time. Ocean-based debris did not change in the Northeast where the fishery is relatively stable; it declined over the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast and was correlated with declining regional fisheries. Drivers, including human population, land use status, fishing activity, and oceanic current systems, had complex relationships with debris loads at local and regional scales. Management challenges remain undeniably large but solid information from long-term programs is one key to addressing this pressing pollution issue. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Ribic, Christine A.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Sheavly, Seba B.] Sheavly Consultants, Virginia Beach, VA 23452 USA.
[Rugg, David J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Erdmann, Eric S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Ribic, CA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, 218 Russell Labs,1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM caribic@wisc.edu; seba@sheavlyconsultants.com; drugg@fs.fed.us;
e1erdmann@gmail.com
OI Rugg, David/0000-0003-2280-8302
FU US Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Marine Entanglement Research Program; US Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Water through the Center for Marine
Conservation; US EPA Office of Water through the Ocean Conservancy; US
Geological Survey Cooperative Research Units; US Forest Service
FX This paper would not have been possible without the many volunteers and
organizations that collected the data; we sincerely thank all who
participated in the surveys. In particular we thank Dr. Gayle Kraus
(University of ME-Machias), Ted and Paula Merritt, Jen Kennedy (Blue
Ocean Society for Marine Conservation), Joe Cravalho (MA Beach Buggy
Association), Sharon Sneed (Pen Bay Stewards), Carl Rasmussen and
Russell Moehlich (Friends of Cape Cod National Seashore), Mary Merges,
Suzan Bellincampi and Sarah Trudel (The Trustees of Reservation), Scott
Comings (The Nature Conservancy), Bob Glover and Jack Isaacs (Audubon
Society), Barbara Boyd and students (Marine Academy of Science and
Technology), Carol Elliot and Tom Sherman (Alliance for a Living Ocean),
Earl and Faith Chamberlin (DE Mobile Surf Fishermen), Bill Lewis
(Strathmere Fishing and Environmental Club), Fred Pulls and Geralyn
Mirales (Chincoteague NWR), Dr. Gail Cannon and Zoe Meletis (Duke Marine
Laboratory), Fred Hay and Susan Johnston (Sapelo Island NERR), Cathy
Marsh and Ann Arnold (Volusia Flagler Sierra Club), Liz Melvin and Jim
Kriewaldt (Keep Brevard Beautiful) and Lynn Emerson and Andrea Povinelli
(The Nature Conservancy, Blowing Rocks Reserve) for their efforts in
carrying out monthly data collections for over 10 years. The US
Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Marine Entanglement Research Program and the US Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) Office of Water funded the workshops through the Center for
Marine Conservation (now the Ocean Conservancy) that led to the
development of the National Marine Debris Monitoring Program. The US EPA
Office of Water funded data collection through the Ocean Conservancy.
The US Geological Survey Cooperative Research Units Program and the US
Forest Service funded the analysis of the data used in this paper.
Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute
endorsement for use by the US Government. We thank the Department of
Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, for
assistance with publication expenses.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 60
IS 8
BP 1231
EP 1242
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.03.021
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 645PC
UT WOS:000281474000023
PM 20378132
ER
PT J
AU Faurby, S
King, TL
Obst, M
Hallerman, EM
Pertoldi, C
Funch, P
AF Faurby, Soren
King, Tim L.
Obst, Matthias
Hallerman, Eric M.
Pertoldi, Cino
Funch, Peter
TI Population dynamics of American horseshoe crabs-historic climatic events
and recent anthropogenic pressures
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Limulus; over-harvest; population decline; population dynamics
ID LIMULUS-POLYPHEMUS; DELAWARE BAY; EFFECTIVE SIZE; ICE-AGE; DNA;
MICROSATELLITES; MITOCHONDRIAL; CONSEQUENCES; BOTTLENECKS; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Populations of the American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, have declined, but neither the causes nor the magnitude are fully understood. In order to evaluate historic demography, variation at 12 microsatellite DNA loci surveyed in 1218 L. polyphemus sampled from 28 localities was analysed with Bayesian coalescent-based methods. The analysis showed strong declines in population sizes throughout the species' distribution except in the geographically isolated southern-most population in Mexico, where a strong increase in population size was inferred. Analyses suggested that demographic changes in the core of the distribution occurred in association with the recolonization after the Ice Age and also by anthropogenic effects, such as the past overharvest of the species for fertilizer or the current use of the animals as bait for American eel (Anguilla rostrata) and whelk (Busycon spp.) fisheries. This study highlights the importance of considering both climatic changes and anthropogenic effects in efforts to understand population dynamics-a topic which is highly relevant in the ongoing assessments of the effects of climate change and overharvest.
C1 [Faurby, Soren; Pertoldi, Cino; Funch, Peter] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biol Sci, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
[King, Tim L.] US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Obst, Matthias] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Zool, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Hallerman, Eric M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Horseshoe Crab Res Ctr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Funch, P (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Biol Sci, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
EM peter.funch@biology.au.dk
RI Funch, Peter/B-7437-2009; pertoldi, cino/I-1746-2012;
OI Funch, Peter/0000-0002-0184-1552; Faurby, Soren/0000-0002-2974-2628;
Pertoldi, Cino/0000-0002-4644-8981
FU FNU [272-06-0534]; EAC Foundation; Knud Hojgaard; U.S. National
Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration-National Marine Fisheries
Service; U.S. Geological Survey-Leetown Science Center; Atlantic States
Marine Fisheries Commission
FX The present work was carried out as part of the Galathea 3 expedition
under the auspices of the Danish Expedition Foundation. This is Galathea
3 contribution no. P59. Authors MO and PF sincerely thank FNU (grant no.
272-06-0534), the EAC Foundation, and Knud Hojgaard for financial
support. Authors EMH and TLK thank the U.S. National Oceanographic and
Atmospheric Administration-National Marine Fisheries Service for grant
support. The U.S. Geological Survey-Leetown Science Center and the
Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission contributed additional
financial support. The authors would like to thank David R. Smith,
Edward Pendleton, Cheryl Morrison, and Michael S. Eackles for
suggestions to improve this manuscript. The authors declare they have no
conflicts of interest.
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PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 19
IS 15
BP 3088
EP 3100
DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04732.x
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 628VG
UT WOS:000280151000009
PM 20584144
ER
PT J
AU DeRito, JN
Zale, AV
Shepard, BB
AF DeRito, James N.
Zale, Alexander V.
Shepard, Bradley B.
TI Temporal Reproductive Separation of Fluvial Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout
from Rainbow Trout and Hybrids in the Yellowstone River
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKI; ATLANTIC SALMON; SOCKEYE-SALMON; LIFE-HISTORY;
HYBRIDIZATION; POPULATIONS; INTROGRESSION; STREAM; FISH; MONTANA
AB Yellowstone cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvierii are genomically extinct throughout much of their historic range because of displacement by and introgression with introduced rainbow trout O. mykiss. However, fluvial Yellowstone cutthroat trout still retain their genetic integrity while coexisting with rainbow trout in the Yellowstone River. We assessed whether spatial or temporal reproductive isolation, or both, occurs between these taxa. Time and place of spawning was determined by radiotelemetry. We implanted 164 trout (98 cutthroat trout, 37 rainbow trout, and 29 cutthroat trout x rainbow trout hybrids) with radio tags before the 2001, 2002, and 2003 spawning seasons in four sections of a 140-km segment of the main-stem Yellowstone River. Of the 164 radio-tagged fish, 73 (44 Yellowstone cutthroat trout, 15 rainbow trout, and 14 hybrids) were assumed to have spawned; 55 (75.3%) used 16 tributaries, 17 (23.3%) used 7 river side channels, and 1 (1.4%) used the main channel of the Yellowstone River for spawning. The majority of fish that spawned (62%) used five spawning areas. Spawning area and spawning reach overlap index values were high among all taxa. In contrast, the mean migration and spawning dates of rainbow trout and hybrids were 5-9 weeks earlier than those of cutthroat trout. Rainbow trout and hybrids began migrating and spawning in April and May when Yellowstone River discharges were lower and water temperatures were colder than during cutthroat trout migration and spawning in June and July. The spawning period overlap index values (rainbow trout and hybrids versus cutthroat trout) were typically less than half the spatial overlap index values. Therefore, the difference in time of spawning is probably the predominant mechanism maintaining reproductive isolation among fluvial trout. Management actions focused on protecting and enhancing later-spawning cutthroat trout in tributaries may enhance their temporal reproductive separation from earlier-spawning rainbow trout and hybrids.
C1 Montana State Univ, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Fish & Wildlife Management Program, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP DeRito, JN (reprint author), Henrys Fork Fdn, POB 550, Ashton, ID 83420 USA.
EM jderito@henrysfork.org
FU Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation;
Gallatin and Custer National Forests; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
Jackson Hole One Fly Foundation; Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout
Coordinating Committee
FX Fisheries technicians on this project were Shane Keep, Kevin Duffy, Andy
Godtel, and Tim Helwick. In addition, about 40 volunteers assisted with
work on the river. Numerous landowners allowed access to the river and
its tributaries. Joel Tohtz, Gary Senger, Scott Shuler, David
Schmetterling, Rick Henderson, and Patrick Clancey provided technical
assistance, equipment, or both. Jere Folgert provided guidance with data
formatting procedures for geographical information systems. Tom McMahon
and Carter Kruse provided valuable input for all phases of this study.
Comments by Stephen Riley, Kurt Fausch, Carol Endicott, Donna Parrish,
and two anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. Funding for this
project was provided by Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks; the National
Fish and Wildlife Foundation; the Gallatin and Custer National Forests;
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; the Jackson Hole One Fly Foundation;
and the Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Coordinating Committee. Reference to
trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 69
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U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 4
BP 866
EP 886
DI 10.1577/M09-006.1
PG 21
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 643EB
UT WOS:000281277300003
ER
PT J
AU Boyd, JW
Guy, CS
Horton, TB
Leathe, SA
AF Boyd, James W.
Guy, Christopher S.
Horton, Travis B.
Leathe, Stephen A.
TI Effects of Catch-and-Release Angling on Salmonids at Elevated Water
Temperatures
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID BONNEVILLE CUTTHROAT TROUT; RAINBOW-TROUT; ATLANTIC SALMON; MORTALITY;
CONSTANT; EXPOSURE; SURVIVAL; HABITAT; CAUGHT; GROWTH
AB Few studies have assessed catch-and-release mortality of salmonids at water temperatures of 23 degrees C or above, despite predictions of warming stream temperatures due to climate change. The primary objective of this study was to measure the catch-and-release mortality of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, brown trout Salmo trutta, and mountain whitefish Prosopium williamsoni in three water temperature treatments, namely, when daily maximum water temperatures were cool (<20 degrees C), warm (20-22.9 degrees C), and hot (>= 23 degrees C). A secondary objective was to assess the catch-and-release mortality of salmonids angled in morning and evening within the water temperature treatments. These objectives were related to Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks' drought fishing closure policy. Angling (fly-fishing only) occurred in the Gallatin and Smith rivers. All angled fish were confined to in-stream holding cages and monitored for mortality for 72 h. Mortality of rainbow trout peaked at 16% in the Gallatin River and 9% in the Smith River during the hot treatment. Mortality of brown trout was less than 5% in all water temperature treatments in both rivers. Mountain whitefish mortality peaked at 28% in the hot treatment in the Smith River. No mortality for any species occurred in either river when daily maximum water temperatures were less than 20 degrees C. Mortality of rainbow trout peaked at 16% in the evening hot treatment in the Smith River. Mortality rates of brown trout and mountain whitefish were not related to time of day. The catch-and-release mortality rates presented here probably represent fishing mortality given that most anglers in southwestern Montana practice catch-and-release angling. The mortality values we observed were lower than predicted (<30%) given reports in the literature. The difference is probably related to the in situ nature of the study and periods of cooler water temperatures between peaks, which facilitated recovery from thermal stress.
C1 [Boyd, James W.; Guy, Christopher S.] Montana State Univ, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Dept Ecol,Fish & Wildlife Management Program, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Boyd, JW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ecol Grp, Mail Stop K6-85,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM james.boyd@pnl.gov
FU PPL Montana; Federation of Fly Fishers
FX This project was funded by PPL Montana, with logistical support provided
by Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks. We thank Alexander Zale, Molly
Webb, and Tom McMahon for their guidance and insight. We also thank Ben
Savelli for his assistance in the field. A special thanks to Trout
Unlimited and Federation of Fly Fishers for scholarship awards and
angling assistance. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 47
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U1 6
U2 33
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 4
BP 898
EP 907
DI 10.1577/M09-107.1
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 643EB
UT WOS:000281277300005
ER
PT J
AU Munson, AD
Elliott, DG
Johnson, K
AF Munson, A. Douglas
Elliott, Diane G.
Johnson, Keith
TI Management of Bacterial Kidney Disease in Chinook Salmon Hatcheries
Based on Broodstock Testing by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: A
Multiyear Study
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUORESCENT-ANTIBODY TEST; ALASKAN PACIFIC SALMON;
RENIBACTERIUM-SALMONINARUM; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; COHO SALMON;
VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; GAIRDNERI RICHARDSON; STOCK SEGREGATION; ATLANTIC
SALMON; POVIDONE-IODINE
AB From the mid-1980s through the early 1990s, outbreaks of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) caused by Renibacterium salmoninarum continued in Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG) hatcheries despite the use of three control methods: (1) injection of returning adult fish with erythromycin to reduce prespawning BKD mortality and limit vertical transmission of R. salmoninarum, (2) topical disinfection of green eggs with iodophor, and (3) prophylactic treatments of juvenile fish with erythromycin-medicated feed. In addition, programs to manage BKD through measurement of R. salmoninarum antigen levels in kidney tissues from spawning female Chinook salmon by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were tested over 13-15 brood years at three IDFG hatcheries. The ELISA results were used for either (1) segregated rearing of progeny from females with high ELISA optical density (OD) values (usually >= 0.25), which are indicative of high R. salmoninarum antigen levels, or (2) culling of eggs from females with high ELISA OD values. The ELISA-based culling program had the most profound positive effects on the study populations. Mortality of juvenile fish during rearing was significantly lower at each hatchery for brood years derived from culling compared with brood years for which culling was not practiced. The prevalence of R. salmoninarum in juvenile fish, as evidenced by detection of the bacterium in kidney smears by the direct fluorescent antibody test, also decreased significantly at each hatchery. In addition, the proportions of returning adult females with kidney ELISA OD values of 0.25 or more decreased 56-85% for fish reared in brood years during which culling was practiced, whereas the proportions of ELISA-negative adults increased 55-58%. This management strategy may allow IDFG Chinook salmon hatcheries to reduce or eliminate prophylactic erythromycin-medicated feed treatments. We recommend using ELISA-based management of BKD in Chinook salmon hatcheries where it is a concern.
C1 [Munson, A. Douglas] Eagle Fish Hlth Lab, Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Eagle, ID 83616 USA.
[Elliott, Diane G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Johnson, Keith] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Eagle Fish Hlth Lab, Eagle, ID 83616 USA.
RP Munson, AD (reprint author), Eagle Fish Hlth Lab, Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Eagle, ID 83616 USA.
EM doug.munson@idfg.idaho.gov
RI PONNERASSERY, Sudheesh/C-4589-2014
FU Lower Snake River Compensation Plan; Idaho Power Company
FX This project was funded by the Lower Snake River Compensation Plan and
Idaho Power Company. We thank the IDFG hatchery personnel and the team
at the Eagle Fish Health Laboratory, especially, my friends Doug Burton,
Lani Clifford, Roberta Scott, Carla Hogge, Sharon Landin, and Phil
Mamer. We thank Jim Winton, Paul Bower and Ted Myers for a helpful
review of the manuscript and Kirk Steinhorst for assistance with
statistical analysis. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in
this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader.
Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the
Idaho Department of Fish and Game, the U.S. Department of the Interior,
or the U.S. Geological Survey of any product or service to the exclusion
of others that may be suitable.
NR 49
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U1 7
U2 25
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 4
BP 940
EP 955
DI 10.1577/M09-044.1
PG 16
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 643EB
UT WOS:000281277300009
ER
PT J
AU Bettoli, PW
Scholten, GD
Hubbs, DW
AF Bettoli, Phillip W.
Scholten, George D.
Hubbs, Don W.
TI Anchoring Submersible Ultrasonic Receivers in River Channels with Stable
Substrate
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MIGRATION; SYSTEM
AB We developed an anchoring system for submersible ultrasonic receivers (SURs) that we placed on the bottom of the riverine reaches of three main-stem reservoirs in the upper Tennessee River. Each anchor consisted of a steel tube (8.9 x 35.6 cm) welded vertically to a round plate of steel (5.1 x 40.6 cm). All seven SURs and their 57-kg anchors were successfully deployed and retrieved three times over 547 d by a dive team employing surface air-breathing equipment and a davit-equipped boat. All of the anchors and their SURs remained stationary over two consecutive winters on the hard-bottom, thalweg sites where they were deployed. The SUR and its anchor at the most downriver site experienced flows that exceeded 2,100 m(3)/s and mean water column velocities of about 0.9 m/s.
C1 [Bettoli, Phillip W.] Tennessee Technol Univ, US Geol Survey, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
[Scholten, George D.] Iowa Dept Nat Resources, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA.
[Hubbs, Don W.] Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agcy, Nashville, TN 37204 USA.
RP Bettoli, PW (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, US Geol Survey, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
EM pbettoli@tntech.edu
NR 10
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U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 4
BP 989
EP 992
DI 10.1577/M10-015.1
PG 4
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 643EB
UT WOS:000281277300014
ER
PT J
AU Braaten, PJ
Fuller, DB
Lott, RD
Ruggles, MP
Holm, RJ
AF Braaten, Patrick J.
Fuller, David B.
Lott, Ryan D.
Ruggles, Michael P.
Holm, Robert J.
TI Spatial Distribution of Drifting Pallid Sturgeon Larvae in the Missouri
River Inferred from Two Net Designs and Multiple Sampling Locations
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID SCAPHIRHYNCHUS-ALBUS; SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; LAKE STURGEON;
ACIPENSER-FULVESCENS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; WHITE STURGEON; COLUMBIA RIVER;
FISH LARVAE; DOWNSTREAM; DYNAMICS
AB Nearly 430,000 larval pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus (5-13 d posthatch) were released in the Missouri River and allowed to free-drift for 5.7 km and then were sampled at a river bend by boats positioned on the inside-bend, inside-bend channel border, mid-channel, and outside-bend locations of the channel. Boats were rigged with conical nets and rectangle nets designed to sample for drifting pallid sturgeon larvae along the bottom and at the surface of the river to address three objectives: (1) examine the vertical drift behavior of larvae; (2) compare numbers, concentrations, and lengths of larvae between conical and rectangle nets; and (3) examine the lateral distribution of free-drifting larvae. The vertical distribution of larvae was not uniform as nearly all larvae (>= 98%) were sampled in nets fished on the bottom, and larval concentrations (expressed as larvae/m(3)) were greater in bottom-fished nets. Large-opening rectangle nets (0.375 m(2)) fished on the bottom sampled greater numbers of larvae than small-opening conical nets (0.196 m(2)) fished on the bottom; however, larval concentrations were similar between the two net designs. Numbers and concentrations of larvae differed among lateral sampling locations and increased from the inside-bend location to the outside-bend location. Lengths of sampled larvae were similar between net designs and vertical locations in the water column, but larvae sampled at the mid-channel location were slightly smaller than larvae sampled at other lateral locations. These results serve as a guide for sampling larval pallid sturgeon in large rivers. Specifically, sampling adjacent to the bottom in the high-velocity thalweg of the channel maximizes the likelihood of collecting larvae and quantifying numbers of drifting larvae of this federally endangered species.
C1 [Braaten, Patrick J.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Ft Peck Project Off, Ft Peck, MT 59223 USA.
[Fuller, David B.; Lott, Ryan D.; Ruggles, Michael P.] Ft Peck Fisheries Off, Ft Peck, MT 59223 USA.
[Holm, Robert J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Riverdale, ND 58565 USA.
RP Braaten, PJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Ft Peck Project Off, Ft Peck, MT 59223 USA.
EM pbraaten@usgs.gov
FU Omaha District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
FX This study was funded by the Omaha District of the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers as part of the Fort Peck Flow Modification Project (J.
Palensky, Project Manager). We thank Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks
personnel and volunteers for assistance in the field, and USFWS
personnel (Garrison Dam NFH, Missouri River Fish and Wildlife Assistance
Office) for assistance at the hatchery. Thanks are extended to personnel
from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Fort Peck Water Science Center
for collecting depth and velocity information. We thank K. Chojnacki
(USGS Columbia Environmental Research Center) for expertise in designing
the map for this project. Comments from R. Jacobson, M. Parsley, D.
Simpkins, and three anonymous reviewers on earlier drafts of the
manuscript contributed to an improved final version. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 51
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U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 4
BP 1062
EP 1074
DI 10.1577/M09-149.1
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 643EB
UT WOS:000281277300022
ER
PT J
AU Chalfoun, AD
Martin, TE
AF Chalfoun, Anna D.
Martin, Thomas E.
TI Facultative nest patch shifts in response to nest predation risk in the
Brewer's sparrow: a "win-stay, lose-switch" strategy?
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Behavioral plasticity; Brewer's sparrow; Habitat selection; Prior
information; Re-nesting
ID BREEDING DISPERSAL; HABITAT SELECTION; SITE SELECTION; TENGMALMS OWL;
CLUTCH SIZE; SUCCESS; FIDELITY; FITNESS; BIRDS; WARBLERS
AB Facultative shifts in nesting habitat selection in response to perceived predation risk may allow animals to increase the survival probability of sessile offspring. Previous studies on this behavioral strategy have primarily focused on single attributes, such as the distance moved or changes in nesting substrate. However, nest site choice often encompasses multiple habitat elements at both the nest site and nest patch scales. We studied the within-season re-nesting strategy of a multi-brooded songbird, the Brewer's sparrow (Spizella breweri), to determine whether pairs utilized a "win-stay, lose-switch" decision rule with respect to inter-nest distance, nest substrate and/or nest patch characteristics in response to previous nest fate. Pairs moved sequential nest sites slightly farther following nest predation versus success. When inter-nest distance was controlled, however, pairs changed nest patch attributes (shrub height, potential nest shrub density) associated with probability of nest predation to a greater extent following nest predation than success. The strategy appeared to be adaptive; daily nest survival probability for previously depredated pairs increased with greater Euclidian habitat distances between attempts, whereas previously successful pairs were more likely to fledge second attempts when nest sites were similar to those of previous attempts. Our results suggest that nesting birds can use prior information and within-season plasticity in response to nest predation to increase re-nesting success, which may be a critical behavioral strategy within complex nest predator environments. Re-nesting site selection strategies also appeared to integrate multiple habitat components and inter-nest distances. The consideration of such proximate, facultative responses to predation risk may clarify often unexplained variation in habitat preferences and requirements.
C1 [Martin, Thomas E.] Univ Montana, USGS Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Chalfoun, AD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, USGS Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM achalfou@uwyo.edu
RI Martin, Thomas/F-6016-2011
OI Martin, Thomas/0000-0002-4028-4867
FU National Science Foundation
FX This work was supported by a National Science Foundation EPSCoR
fellowship to ADC, the BBIRD Program, The Bureau of Land Management
(Billings Field Office), a State Wildlife Grant from the Montana Fish,
Wildlife & Parks, and the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research
Station. Field data were collected with the assistance of J. Bolser, B.
Breen, K. Ellis, C. Forristal, C. Hill, K. Jewel, K. Nittinger, D.
Rauch, A. Saari, D. Westerman, and especially C. Ricketts. We are
grateful to J. Parks (BLM) for logistical and financial support. C.
Martinez Del Rio provided helpful suggestions for analyses. We thank J.
Fontaine, C. Benkman, Q. Latif, and an anonymous reviewer for insightful
comments on previous drafts of the manuscript. S. Guenther provided
invaluable logistical assistance and support.
NR 59
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Z9 28
U1 2
U2 30
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
EI 1432-1939
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 163
IS 4
BP 885
EP 892
DI 10.1007/s00442-010-1679-0
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 627ZK
UT WOS:000280083300007
PM 20535497
ER
PT J
AU Zipkin, EF
Gardner, B
Gilbert, AT
O'Connell, AF
Royle, JA
Silverman, ED
AF Zipkin, Elise F.
Gardner, Beth
Gilbert, Andrew T.
O'Connell, Allan F., Jr.
Royle, J. Andrew
Silverman, Emily D.
TI Distribution patterns of wintering sea ducks in relation to the North
Atlantic Oscillation and local environmental characteristics
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian analysis; Climate change; Negative binomial model
ID LARGE-SCALE CLIMATE; COMMON EIDERS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SURF SCOTERS;
SURVIVAL; SIZE; FLUCTUATIONS; MOVEMENTS; PHENOLOGY; ABUNDANCE
AB Twelve species of North American sea ducks (Tribe Mergini) winter off the eastern coast of the United States and Canada. Yet, despite their seasonal proximity to urbanized areas in this region, there is limited information on patterns of wintering sea duck habitat use. It is difficult to gather information on sea ducks because of the relative inaccessibility of their offshore locations, their high degree of mobility, and their aggregated distributions. To characterize environmental conditions that affect wintering distributions, as well as their geographic ranges, we analyzed count data on five species of sea ducks (black scoters Melanitta nigra americana, surf scoters M. perspicillata, white-winged scoters M. fusca, common eiders Somateria mollissima, and long-tailed ducks Clangula hyemalis) that were collected during the Atlantic Flyway Sea Duck Survey for ten years starting in the early 1990s. We modeled count data for each species within ten-nautical-mile linear survey segments using a zero-inflated negative binomial model that included four local-scale habitat covariates (sea surface temperature, mean bottom depth, maximum bottom slope, and a variable to indicate if the segment was in a bay or not), one broad-scale covariate (the North Atlantic Oscillation), and a temporal correlation component. Our results indicate that species distributions have strong latitudinal gradients and consistency in local habitat use. The North Atlantic Oscillation was the only environmental covariate that had a significant (but variable) effect on the expected count for all five species, suggesting that broad-scale climatic conditions may be directly or indirectly important to the distributions of wintering sea ducks. Our results provide critical information on species-habitat associations, elucidate the complicated relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation, sea surface temperature, and local sea duck abundances, and should be useful in assessing the impacts of climate change on seabirds.
C1 [Zipkin, Elise F.; Gardner, Beth; Royle, J. Andrew] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Gilbert, Andrew T.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
[O'Connell, Allan F., Jr.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Silverman, Emily D.] USFWS Div Migratory Bird Management, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Zipkin, EF (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM ezipkin@usgs.gov
OI Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
FU Sea Duck Joint Venture (USFWS); Science Support Partnership (USGS);
Minerals Management Service
FX The authors thank the many pilots and observers working with the
Migratory Bird Survey Branch of the Division of Migratory Bird
Management (USFWS) for their hard work in conceiving of and carrying out
the survey, especially Jim Goldsberry. We thank Robert Raftovich (USFWS)
for his efforts managing and summarizing the data. We also thank Matt
Perry, Alicia Berlin, Bill Fagan, the theoretical ecology lab group at
the University of Maryland, Ola Olsson, Richard Veit, and an anonymous
reviewer for many useful comments that helped improve the quality of the
manuscript. The Sea Duck Joint Venture (USFWS), Science Support
Partnership (USGS) and the Minerals Management Service provided funding
to develop models for analysis of the AFSDS. Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 46
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U1 2
U2 35
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 163
IS 4
BP 893
EP 902
DI 10.1007/s00442-010-1622-4
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 627ZK
UT WOS:000280083300008
PM 20364388
ER
PT J
AU Rosen, MR
Van Metre, PC
AF Rosen, Michael R.
Van Metre, Peter C.
TI Assessment of multiple sources of anthropogenic and natural chemical
inputs to a morphologically complex basin, Lake Mead, USA
SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on ACEP Research Forum Scientific Assembly
CY OCT, 2009
CL Boston, MA
DE Trace metals; Organic contaminants; Lake Mead; Nevada; Paleolimnology
ID UNITED-STATES; SEDIMENT CORES; TRENDS; QUALITY; NEVADA; URBAN;
CONTAMINANTS; RESERVOIR; ARIZONA; FALLOUT
AB Lakes with complex morphologies and with different geologic and land-use characteristics in their sub-watersheds could have large differences in natural and anthropogenic chemical inputs to sub-basins in the lake. Lake Mead in southern Nevada and northern Arizona, USA, is one such lake. To assess variations in chemical histories from 1935 to 1998 for major sub-basins of Lake Mead, four sediment cores were taken from three different parts of the reservoir (two from Las Vegas Bay and one from the Overton Arm and Virgin Basin) and analyzed for major and trace elements, radionuclides, and organic compounds. As expected, anthropogenic contaminant inputs are greatest to Las Vegas Bay reflecting inputs from the Las Vegas urban area, although concentrations are low compared to sediment quality guidelines and to other USA lakes. One exception to this pattern was higher Hg in the Virgin Basin core. The Virgin Basin core is located in the main body of the lake (Colorado River channel) and is influenced by the hydrology of the Colorado River. which changed greatly with completion of Glen Canyon Dam upstream in 1963. Major and trace elements in the core show pronounced shifts in the early 1960s and, in many cases, gradually return to concentrations more typical of pre-1960s by the 1980s and 1990s. after the filling of lake Powell. The Overton Arm is the sub-basin least effected by anthropogenic contaminant inputs but has a complex (137)Cs profile with a series of large peaks and valleys over the middle of the core, possibly reflecting fallout from nuclear tests in the 1950s at the Nevada Test Site. The (137)Cs profile suggests a much greater sedimentation rate during testing which we hypothesize results from greatly increased dust fall on the lake and Virgin and Muddy River watersheds. The severe drought in the southwestern USA during the 1950s might also have played a role in variations in sedimentation rate in all of the cores. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Rosen, Michael R.] US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
[Van Metre, Peter C.] US Geol Survey, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
RP Rosen, MR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2730 N Deer Run Rd, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
EM mrosen@usgs.gov
RI Rosen, Michael/D-6091-2015;
OI Van Metre, Peter/0000-0001-7564-9814
NR 53
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Z9 15
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0031-0182
J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL
JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 294
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 30
EP 43
DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.03.017
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology
GA 645MR
UT WOS:000281464800004
ER
PT J
AU Bentzen, RL
Powell, AN
Phillips, LM
Suydam, RS
AF Bentzen, Rebecca L.
Powell, Abby N.
Phillips, Laura M.
Suydam, Robert S.
TI Incubation behavior of king eiders on the coastal plain of northern
Alaska
SO POLAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Incubation constancy; King eiders; Mass loss; Metabolic costs;
Somateria spectabilis
ID BODY-MASS DYNAMICS; LESSER SNOW-GEESE; COMMON EIDERS;
SOMATERIA-MOLLISSIMA; OIL-DEVELOPMENT; WEIGHT-LOSS; ATTENDANCE;
SHOVELERS; PATTERNS; NUTRIENT
AB Incubating birds balance their energetic demands during incubation with the needs of the developing embryos. Incubation behavior is correlated with body size; larger birds can accumulate more endogenous reserves and maintain higher incubation constancy. King eiders (Somateria spectabilis) contend with variable and cold spring weather, little nesting cover, and low food availability, and thus are likely to rely heavily on endogenous reserves to maintain high incubation constancy. We examined the patterns of nest attendance of king eiders at Teshekpuk and Kuparuk, Alaska (2002-2005) in relation to clutch size, daily temperature, and endogenous reserves to explore factors controlling incubation behavior. Females at Kuparuk had higher constancy (98.5 +/- A 0.2%, n = 30) than at Teshekpuk (96.9 +/- A 0.8%, n = 26), largely due to length of recesses. Mean recess length ranged from 21.5 to 23.7 min at Kuparuk, and from 28.5 to 51.2 min at Teshekpuk. Mean body mass on arrival at breeding grounds (range; Teshekpuk 1,541-1,805, Kuparuk 1,616-1,760), and at the end of incubation (Teshekpuk 1,113-1,174, Kuparuk 1,173-1,183), did not vary between sites or among years (F < 1.1, P > 0.3). Daily constancy increased 1% with every 5A degrees C increase in minimum daily temperature (beta (min) = 0.005, 95% CI 0.002, 0.009). Higher constancy combined with similar mass loss at Kuparuk implies that females there met foraging requirements with shorter recesses. Additionally, females took more recesses at low temperatures, suggesting increased maintenance needs which were potentially ameliorated by feeding during these recesses, indicating that metabolic costs and local foraging conditions drove incubation behavior.
C1 [Bentzen, Rebecca L.; Powell, Abby N.; Phillips, Laura M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Powell, Abby N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Powell, Abby N.] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Suydam, Robert S.] Dept Wildlife Management, Barrow, AK 99723 USA.
RP Bentzen, RL (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM rlmcguire@alaska.edu
OI Powell, Abby/0000-0002-9783-134X
FU Minerals Management Service; Coastal Marine Institute; Bureau of Land
Management; ConocoPhillips Alaska Inc.; USGS Alaska Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit; Sandpiper Technologies Inc.; North Slope Borough
FX This study would not be possible without the financial and logistical
support of the Minerals Management Service, Coastal Marine Institute,
Bureau of Land Management, ConocoPhillips Alaska Inc., USGS Alaska
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and Sandpiper Technologies
Inc. Funding from the North Slope Borough was through the National
Petroleum Reserve-Alaska Impact Mitigation Program. North Slope Borough
Search and Rescue provided some helicopter support. This study was
endorsed by the Sea Duck Joint Venture. We thank the administrative
staff at the North Slope Borough Department of Wildlife Management,
ConocoPhillips Inc. Environmental Studies, and all the many Weld
technicians. We thank Lincoln Parrett for access to weather data from
the weather station at the Teshekpuk site. Comments by Paul Flint,
Alexander Kitaysky, Dana Thomas, Dana Kellett, Sveinn Hanssen, and an
anonymous reviewer were greatly appreciated and improved previous
versions of the manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in
this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US government.
NR 39
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U1 1
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PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4060
J9 POLAR BIOL
JI Polar Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 8
BP 1075
EP 1082
DI 10.1007/s00300-010-0787-y
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 627WN
UT WOS:000280074800008
ER
PT J
AU Brand, WA
Assonov, SS
Coplen, TB
AF Brand, Willi A.
Assonov, Sergey S.
Coplen, Tyler B.
TI Correction for the O-17 interference in delta(C-13) measurements when
analyzing CO2 with stable isotope mass spectrometry (IUPAC Technical
Report)
SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 42nd IUPAC Congress on Chemistry Solutions
CY AUG 02-07, 2009
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP Royal Soc Chem
DE delta(C-13) correction; delta(C-18) correction; IUPAC Inorganic
Chemistry Division; O-17 correction; oxygen isotope ratio
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; OXYGEN; FRACTIONATION; DELTA-O-17; O-18/O-16; ABUNDANCE;
O-17/O-16; VALUES; RATIOS; WATER
AB Measurements of delta(C-13) determined on CO2 with an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) must be corrected for the amount of O-17 in the CO2. For data consistency, this must be done using identical methods by different laboratories. This report aims at unifying data treatment for CO2 IRMS by proposing (i) a unified set of numerical values, and (ii) unified correction algorithm, based on a simple, linear approximation formula. Because the oxygen of natural CO2 is derived mostly from the global water pool, it is recommended that a value of 0.528 be employed for the factor lambda, which relates differences in O-17 and O-18 abundances. With the currently accepted N(C-13)/N(C-12) of 0.011 180(28) in VPDB (Vienna Peedee belemnite) reevaluation of data yields a value of 0.000 393(1) for the oxygen isotope ratio N(O-17)/N(O-16) of the evolved CO2. The ratio of these quantities, a ratio of isotope ratios, is essential for the O-17 abundance correction: [N(O-17)/N(O-16)/[N(C-13)/N(C-12)] = 0.035 16(8).
The equation [delta(C-13) approximate to (45)delta(VPDB-CO2) + 2 R-17/R-13 ((45)delta(VPDB-Ca2) - lambda(46)delta(VPDB-CO2))]closely approximates delta(C-13) values with less than 0.010 % deviation for normal oxygenbearing materials and no more than 0.026 `700 in extreme cases. Other materials containing oxygen of non-mass-dependent isotope composition require a more specific data treatment. A similar linear approximation is also suggested for delta(O-18). The linear approximations are easy to implement in a data spreadsheet, and also help in generating a simplified uncertainty budget.
C1 [Brand, Willi A.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, MPI BGC, D-07701 Jena, Germany.
[Assonov, Sergey S.] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium.
[Coplen, Tyler B.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Brand, WA (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, MPI BGC, D-07701 Jena, Germany.
EM wbrand@bgc-jena.mpg.de
RI Brand, Willi/D-2043-2009
NR 29
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U1 7
U2 37
PU INT UNION PURE APPLIED CHEMISTRY
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA 104 TW ALEXANDER DR, PO BOX 13757, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-3757 USA
SN 0033-4545
J9 PURE APPL CHEM
JI Pure Appl. Chem.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 8
BP 1719
EP 1733
DI 10.1351/PAC-REP-09-01-05
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 626VH
UT WOS:000279994900014
ER
PT J
AU Schorlemmer, D
Zechar, JD
Werner, MJ
Field, EH
Jackson, DD
Jordan, TH
AF Schorlemmer, Danijel
Zechar, J. Douglas
Werner, Maximilian J.
Field, Edward H.
Jackson, David D.
Jordan, Thomas H.
CA RELM Working Grp
TI First Results of the Regional Earthquake Likelihood Models Experiment
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Evison Symposium on Seismogenesis and Earthquake Forecasting
CY JUL 18-22, 2008
CL Wellington, NEW ZEALAND
DE Statistical seismology; earthquake predictability; earthquake
statistics; earthquake forecasting and testing; seismic hazard
ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; 5-YEAR FORECAST; ENTROPY SCORE; PREDICTION;
PREDICTABILITY; RELM; SEISMICITY; HYPOTHESIS; MODERATE; STATE
AB The ability to successfully predict the future behavior of a system is a strong indication that the system is well understood. Certainly many details of the earthquake system remain obscure, but several hypotheses related to earthquake occurrence and seismic hazard have been proffered, and predicting earthquake behavior is a worthy goal and demanded by society. Along these lines, one of the primary objectives of the Regional Earthquake Likelihood Models (RELM) working group was to formalize earthquake occurrence hypotheses in the form of prospective earthquake rate forecasts in California. RELM members, working in small research groups, developed more than a dozen 5-year forecasts; they also outlined a performance evaluation method and provided a conceptual description of a Testing Center in which to perform predictability experiments. Subsequently, researchers working within the Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP) have begun implementing Testing Centers in different locations worldwide, and the RELM predictability experiment-a truly prospective earthquake prediction effort-is underway within the U.S. branch of CSEP. The experiment, designed to compare time-invariant 5-year earthquake rate forecasts, is now approximately halfway to its completion. In this paper, we describe the models under evaluation and present, for the first time, preliminary results of this unique experiment. While these results are preliminary-the forecasts were meant for an application of 5 years-we find interesting results: most of the models are consistent with the observation and one model forecasts the distribution of earthquakes best. We discuss the observed sample of target earthquakes in the context of historical seismicity within the testing region, highlight potential pitfalls of the current tests, and suggest plans for future revisions to experiments such as this one.
C1 [Schorlemmer, Danijel; Zechar, J. Douglas; Jordan, Thomas H.] Univ So Calif, So Calif Earthquake Ctr, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Zechar, J. Douglas] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Werner, Maximilian J.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Swiss Seismol Serv, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Field, Edward H.] US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
[Jackson, David D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Schorlemmer, D (reprint author), Univ So Calif, So Calif Earthquake Ctr, Dept Earth Sci, 3651 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM ds@usc.edu
RI Zechar, Jeremy/G-5940-2010; Team, CSEP/A-4381-2013; Werner,
Maximilian/G-5367-2013
OI Werner, Maximilian/0000-0002-2430-2631
FU Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC); NSF [EAR-0106924]; USGS
[02HQAG0008]; W. M. Keck Foundation; Competence Center Environment and
Sustainability of ETH
FX This research was supported by the Southern California Earthquake Center
(SCEC). SCEC is funded by NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR-0106924 and USGS
Cooperative Agreement 02HQAG0008. Tests were performed within the W. M.
Keck Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP)
Testing Center at SCEC, which was made possible by the generous
financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. We thank the following
for their contributions to RELM working group model development: J. A.
Baglivo, P. Bird, K. W. Campbell, T. Cao, F. Catalli, D. W. Chambers, C.
Chen, R. Console, A. Donnellan, J. E. Ebel, G. Falcone, A. D. Frankel,
M. C. Gerstenberger, A. Helmstetter, J. R. Holliday, L. M. Jones, A. L.
Kafka, Y. Y. Kagan, Z. Liu, M. Murru, M. D. Petersen, D. A. Rhoades, Y.
Rong, J. B. Rundle, Z. Shen, K. F. Tiampo, D. L. Turcotte, S. N. Ward,
and S. Wiemer. For stimulating discussion and various contributions to
the RELM working group, we thank the following: M. Bebbington, D.
Bowman, W. Ellsworth, K. Felzer, S. Hough, D. Sornette, R. Stein, M.
Stirling, D. Vere-Jones, and J. Woessner. We thank F. Euchner, N. Gupta,
V. Gupta, P. J. Maechling, and J. Yu for computational assistance. We
also thank the open source community for the Linux operating system and
the many programs used to create the Testing Center. We especially thank
M. Liukis for her enthusiastic computational support and Testing Center
development. Maps were created using the Generic Mapping Tools (WESSEL
and SMITH, 1998). We thank the editor D. A. Rhoades, J. E. Ebel, and an
anonymous reviewer for thoughtful reviews that enhanced the paper. M. J.
Werner was supported by the EXTREMES project of the Competence Center
Environment and Sustainability of ETH. The SCEC contribution number for
this paper is 1230.
NR 34
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U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 167
IS 8-9
BP 859
EP 876
DI 10.1007/s00024-010-0081-5
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 643XF
UT WOS:000281333000002
ER
PT J
AU Wehmiller, JF
Thieler, ER
Miller, D
Pellerito, V
Keeney, VB
Riggs, SR
Culver, S
Mallinson, D
Farrell, KM
York, LL
Pierson, J
Parham, PR
AF Wehmiller, J. F.
Thieler, E. R.
Miller, D.
Pellerito, V.
Keeney, V. Bakeman
Riggs, S. R.
Culver, S.
Mallinson, D.
Farrell, K. M.
York, L. L.
Pierson, J.
Parham, P. R.
TI Aminostratigraphy of surface and subsurface Quaternary sediments, North
Carolina coastal plain, USA
SO QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE North Carolina; Coastal Plain stratigraphy; Quaternary sea-level change;
Geochronology; Amino acid racemization
ID AMINO-ACID RACEMIZATION; SEA-LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS; PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS;
ALBEMARLE EMBAYMENT; GEOLOGIC FRAMEWORK; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; RECORD;
GEOCHRONOLOGY; AGE; PLIOCENE
AB The Quaternary stratigraphy and geochronology of the Albemarle Embayment of the North Carolina (NC) Coastal Plain is examined using amino acid racemization (AAR) in marine mollusks, in combination with geophysical, lithologic, and biostratigraphic analysis of 28 rotasonic cores drilled between 2002 and 2006. The Albemarle Embayment is bounded by structural highs to the north and south, and Quaternary strata thin westward toward the Suffolk paleoshoreline, frequently referred to as the Suffolk Scarp. The Quaternary section is up to similar to 90 m thick, consists of a variety of estuarine, shelf, back-barrier, and lagoonal deposits, and has been influenced by multiple sea-level cycles. The temporal resolution of the amino acid racemization method is tested statistically and with the stratigraphic control provided by this geologic framework, and it is then applied to the correlation and age estimation of subsurface units throughout the region. Over 500 specimens (primarily Mercenaria and Mulinia) from the subsurface section have been analyzed using either gas chromatographic (GC) or reverse-phase liquid chromatographic (RPLC) techniques. The subsurface stratigraphic data are compared with AAR results from numerous natural or excavated exposures from the surrounding region, as well as results from NC beach collections, to develop a comprehensive aminostratigraphic database for the entire Quaternary record within the NC coastal system. Age mixing, recognized in the beach collections, is also seen in subsurface sections, usually where major seismic reflections or core lithology indicate the presence of stratigraphic discontinuities. Kinetic models for racemization are tested within the regional stratigraphic framework, using either radiocarbon or U-series calibrations or comparison with regional biostratigraphy. Three major Pleistocene aminozones [AZ2, AZ3, and AZ4] are found throughout the region, all being found in superposition in several cores. Each can be subdivided, yielding a total of at least eight stratigraphically and statistically distinct aminozones. Kinetic modeling, supplemented with local calibration, indicates that these aminozones represent depositional events ranging from similar to 80 ka to nearly 2 Ma. Three prominent seismic reflections are interpreted to represent the base of the early, middle, and late Pleistocene, respectively, roughly 2 Ma, 800 ka, and 130 ka. The large number of samples and the available stratigraphic control provide new insights into the capabilities and limitations of aminostratigraphic methods in assessing relative and numerical ages of Atlantic Coastal Plain Quaternary deposits. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wehmiller, J. F.; Pellerito, V.; Keeney, V. Bakeman; York, L. L.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geol Sci, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Thieler, E. R.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Miller, D.] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Lewes, DE 19958 USA.
[Riggs, S. R.; Culver, S.; Mallinson, D.; Parham, P. R.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
[Farrell, K. M.; Pierson, J.] N Carolina Geol Survey, Raleigh Field Off & Core Repository, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA.
RP Wehmiller, JF (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Geol Sci, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM jwehm@udel.edu
OI thieler, e/0000-0003-4311-9717
FU United States Geological Survey University of Delaware [02ERAG0050,
06ERAG0025]; National Science Foundation; College of Arts and Science,
University of Delaware; U.S. National Science Foundation
FX This work has been supported by the United States Geological Survey
under the following cooperative agreements to the University of
Delaware: 02ERAG0050 and 06ERAG0025. Additional support for the
laboratory at Delaware has been from the National Science Foundation and
the College of Arts and Science, University of Delaware. The authors
acknowledge contributions from Kevin Burdette (McMaster University) and
Scott Snyder (East Carolina University) and the efforts of Jordon Bright
and Darrell Kaufman (Northern Arizona University) in their timely
analyses late in the course of this study. Their lab is supported by the
U.S. National Science Foundation. Collaboration with Mary Elliot
(Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, N.Y. and School
of Geo-Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K) in
obtaining CAMS radiocarbon dates is also greatly appreciated. Thoughtful
and thorough reviews of the manuscript by Wayne Baldwin and Daniel Muhs
(USGS) are sincerely appreciated. The final version of the manuscript
benefited from reviews by Paul J. Hearty and Gifford H. Miller.
NR 82
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1871-1014
EI 1878-0350
J9 QUAT GEOCHRONOL
JI Quat. Geochronol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 4
BP 459
EP 492
DI 10.1016/j.quageo.2009.10.005
PG 34
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 639BT
UT WOS:000280946500008
ER
PT J
AU Schwalb, A
Dean, WE
Fritz, SC
Geiss, CE
Kromer, B
AF Schwalb, Antje
Dean, Walter E.
Fritz, Sherilyn C.
Geiss, Christoph E.
Kromer, Bernd
TI Centennial eolian cyclicity in the Great Plains, USA: a dominant climate
pattern of wind transport over the past 4000 years?
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL UNITED-STATES; MEDIEVAL WARM PERIOD; DRIVEN HYDROLOGIC
TRANSIENTS; NORTHEASTERN SOUTH-DAKOTA; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK;
SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; NORTH-AMERICAN DROUGHTS; LAKE SEDIMENT
RECORDS; LATE HOLOCENE DROUGHT; LAST 2 MILLENNIA
AB Proxy evidence at decadal resolution from Late Holocene sediments from Pickerel Lake, northeastern South Dakota, shows distinct centennial cycles (400-700 years) in magnetic susceptibility: contents of carbonate, organic carbon, and major elements: abundance in ostracodes: and delta O-18 and delta C-13 values in calcite. Proxies indicate cyclic changes in eolian input, productivity, and temperature. Maxima in magnetic susceptibility are accompanied by maxima in aluminum and iron mass accumulation rates (MARS), and in abundances of the ostracode Fabaeformiscandona rawsoni. This indicates variable windy, and dry conditions with westerly wind dominance, including during the Medieval Climate Anomaly. Maxima in carbonates, organic carbon, phosphorous, and high delta C-13 values of endogenic calcite indicate moister and less windy periods with increased lake productivity, including during the Little Ice Age, and alternate with maxima of eolian transport. Times of the Maunder, Sparer and Wolf sunspot minima are characterized by maxima in delta O-18 values and aluminum MARs, and minima in delta C-13 values and organic carbon content. We interpret these lake conditions during sunspot minima to indicate decreases in lake surface water temperatures of up to 4-5 degrees C associated with decreases in epilimnetic productivity during summer.
We propose that the centennial cycles are triggered by solar activity, originate in the tropical Pacific, and their onset during the Late Holocene is associated with insolation conditions driven by precession. The cyclic pattern is transmitted from the tropical Pacific into the atmosphere and transported by westerly winds into the North Atlantic realm where they strengthen the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during periods of northern Great Plains wind maxima. This consequently leads to moister climates in Central and Northern Europe. Thus, Pickerel Lake provides evidence for mechanisms of teleconnections including an atmospheric link bridging between the different climate regimes from the tropical Pacific to the North Atlantic and onto the European continent. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Schwalb, Antje] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Umweltgeol, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Dean, Walter E.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Fritz, Sherilyn C.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Geosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Geiss, Christoph E.] Trinity Coll, Dept Phys, Hartford, CT 06106 USA.
[Kromer, Bernd] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Umweltphys, Heidelberger Akad Wissensch, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
RP Schwalb, A (reprint author), Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Umweltgeol, Langer Kamp 19C, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
EM antje.schwalb@tu-bs.de; dean@usgs.gov; sfritz2@unl.edu;
christoph.geiss@trincoll.edu; bernd.kromer@iup.uni-heidelberg.de
FU DEKLIM
FX This research was initially funded by DEKLIM, the German Climate
Research Program (DEKLIM E: PROSIMUL III, FKZ 01 LD 003, A.S.) and the
U.S. Geological Survey Global Change and Climate History and Earth
Surface Dynamics Programs (W.E.D.). We thank Amy Myrbo and Anders Noren
for support and discussions, and Dan Muhs, Lesleigh Anderson as well as
two anonymous reviewers for very helpful comments on an earlier version
of this paper. Cores are archived at LacCore (National Lacustrine Core
Repository), Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of
Minnesota - Twin Cities.
NR 170
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 17-18
BP 2325
EP 2339
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.06.007
PG 15
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 639KS
UT WOS:000280974300029
ER
PT J
AU Coplen, TB
Qi, HP
AF Coplen, Tyler B.
Qi, Haiping
TI Applying the silver-tube introduction method for thermal conversion
elemental analyses and a new delta H-2 value for NBS 22 oil
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ISOTOPE RATIO ANALYSIS; WATER EQUILIBRATION; ORGANIC-SUBSTANCES; STABLE
HYDROGEN; OXYGEN; DELTA-O-18; FLOW; PYROLYSIS; PRECISION; NITRATE
AB The delta H-2(VSMOW-SLAP) value of total hydrogen of the international measurement standard NBS 22 oil was determined by a new method of sealing water in silver tubes for use in a thermal conversion elemental analysis (TC/EA) reduction unit. The isotopic fractionation of water due to evaporation is virtually non-existent in this silver-tube method. A new value for the delta H-2(VSMOW-SLAP) of NBS 22 oil, calibrated with isotopic reference waters, was determined to be -116.9 +/- 0.8 parts per thousand (1 sigma and n = 31). Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Coplen, Tyler B.; Qi, Haiping] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Coplen, TB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 431 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM tbcoplen@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX This manuscript has benefited from careful reviews by Yi Wang (Zymax
Forensic Isotopes, Escondido, California) and Andrew Schauer (University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington). The support of the U.S. Geological
Survey National Research Program made this report possible. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 21
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U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 15
BP 2269
EP 2276
DI 10.1002/rcm.4638
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 633IQ
UT WOS:000280495700011
PM 20607842
ER
PT J
AU Gu, YX
Wylie, BK
AF Gu, Yingxin
Wylie, Bruce K.
TI Detecting Ecosystem Performance Anomalies for Land Management in the
Upper Colorado River Basin Using Satellite Observations, Climate Data,
and Ecosystem Models
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE satellite remote sensing; MODIS NDVI; ecosystem performance; ecosystem
performance anomalies; ecosystem models; climate data; land management
AB This study identifies areas with ecosystem performance anomalies (EPA) within the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) during 2005-2007 using satellite observations, climate data, and ecosystem models. The final EPA maps with 250-m spatial resolution were categorized as normal performance, underperformance, and overperformance (observed performance relative to weather-based predictions) at the 90% level of confidence. The EPA maps were validated using "percentage of bare soil" ground observations. The validation results at locations with comparable site potential showed that regions identified as persistently underperforming (overperforming) tended to have a higher (lower) percentage of bare soil, suggesting that our preliminary EPA maps are reliable and agree with ground-based observations. The 3-year (2005-2007) persistent EPA map from this study provides the first quantitative evaluation of ecosystem performance anomalies within the UCRB and will help the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) identify potentially degraded lands. Results from this study can be used as a prototype by BLM and other land managers for making optimal land management decisions.
C1 [Gu, Yingxin] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Gu, YX (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, ASRC Res & Technol Solut, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM ygu@usgs.gov; wylie@usgs.gov
RI Wylie, Bruce/H-3182-2014;
OI Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083; Gu, Yingxin/0000-0002-3544-1856
FU USGS [08HQCN0007]
FX This work was performed under USGS contract 08HQCN0007 and funded by the
USGS Land Remote Sensing Program, Climate Effects Network, and the
Bureau of Land Management. The authors thank Norman Bliss for processing
and providing SSURGO total range production data. The authors thank
Norman Bliss, Bhaskar Ramachandran, Thomas Adamson, and two anonymous
reviewers for their valuable suggestions and comments. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 30
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 7
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 2
IS 8
BP 1880
EP 1891
DI 10.3390/rs2081880
PG 12
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA V24HP
UT WOS:000208401800002
ER
PT J
AU Eckhardt, L
Sayer, MAS
Imm, D
AF Eckhardt, Lori
Sayer, Mary Anne Sword
Imm, Don
TI State of Pine Decline in the Southeastern United States
SO SOUTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Leptographium; loblolly die-off; off-site; root disease; resource stress
ID LOBLOLLY-PINE; HYDRAULIC REDISTRIBUTION; GROWTH; COLEOPTERA; SCOLYTIDAE;
STANDS; WATER
AB Pine decline is an emerging forest health issue in the southeastern United States. Observations suggest pine decline is caused by environmental stress arising from competition, weather, insects and fungi, anthropogenic disturbances, and previous management. The problem is most severe for loblolly pine on sites that historically supported longleaf pine, are highly eroded, or are not managed. The purposes of this technical note are (1) to describe the symptomology and extent of pine decline in the southeastern United States; (2) to describe its connection with root disease, resource stress, and silviculture; and (3) to summarize the consensus opinion of scientists and land managers during a workshop sponsored by the US Army Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program regarding the scope of this syndrome and the best research avenues to counter its potential effect on the sustainability of southern pine forests.
C1 [Eckhardt, Lori] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Sayer, Mary Anne Sword] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA.
[Imm, Don] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Panama City, FL 32405 USA.
RP Eckhardt, L (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, 602 Duncan Dr,Suite 3301, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM eckhalg@auburn.edu
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 11
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0148-4419
J9 SOUTH J APPL FOR
JI South. J. Appl. For.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 34
IS 3
BP 138
EP 141
PG 4
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 634GO
UT WOS:000280568600006
ER
PT J
AU Lafferty, KD
Dunne, JA
AF Lafferty, Kevin D.
Dunne, Jennifer A.
TI Stochastic ecological network occupancy (SENO) models: a new tool for
modeling ecological networks across spatial scales
SO THEORETICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Food web; Ecological network; Metapopulation; Metacommunity; Spatial
scale; Model
ID COMPLEX FOOD WEBS; CHAIN LENGTH; BODY-SIZE; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS;
ECOSYSTEM SIZE; HABITAT LOSS; PREY; STABILITY; PREDATORS; EXTINCTION
AB Stochastic ecological network occupancy (SENO) models predict the probability that species will occur in a sample of an ecological network. In this review, we introduce SENO models as a means to fill a gap in the theoretical toolkit of ecologists. As input, SENO models use a topological interaction network and rates of colonization and extinction (including consumer effects) for each species. A SENO model then simulates the ecological network over time, resulting in a series of sub-networks that can be used to identify commonly encountered community modules. The proportion of time a species is present in a patch gives its expected probability of occurrence, whose sum across species gives expected species richness. To illustrate their utility, we provide simple examples of how SENO models can be used to investigate how topological complexity, species interactions, species traits, and spatial scale affect communities in space and time. They can categorize species as biodiversity facilitators, contributors, or inhibitors, making this approach promising for ecosystem-based management of invasive, threatened, or exploited species.
C1 [Lafferty, Kevin D.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Inst Marine Sci, UC, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Dunne, Jennifer A.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA.
[Dunne, Jennifer A.] Pacific Ecoinformat & Computat Ecol Lab, Berkeley, CA 94703 USA.
RP Lafferty, KD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Inst Marine Sci, UC, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM Lafferty@lifesci.ucsb.edu; jdunne@santafe.edu
RI Dunne, Jennifer/C-4714-2008; Lafferty, Kevin/B-3888-2009
OI Lafferty, Kevin/0000-0001-7583-4593
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded
by NSF [EF-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of
California
FX We appreciate input from S. Allesina, E. Baskerville, C. Briggs, A de
Roos, G. DeLeo, A. Dobson, T. Gross, N. Martinez, J. McLaughlin, E.
Mordecai, M. Pascual, S. Sokolo, D. Stouffer and T. Tinker. This work
was conducted as a part of the Parasites and Food Webs Working Group
supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis,
a Center funded by NSF (Grant # EF-0553768), the University of
California, Santa Barbara, and the State of California. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government.
NR 82
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 30
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1874-1738
J9 THEOR ECOL-NETH
JI Theor. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 3
BP 123
EP 135
DI 10.1007/s12080-010-0082-0
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 631ZO
UT WOS:000280389600001
ER
PT J
AU Schmolke, A
Thorbek, P
DeAngelis, DL
Grimm, V
AF Schmolke, Amelie
Thorbek, Pernille
DeAngelis, Donald L.
Grimm, Volker
TI Ecological models supporting environmental decision making: a strategy
for the future
SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Review
ID POPULATION VIABILITY ANALYSIS; MECHANISTIC EFFECT MODELS;
RISK-ASSESSMENT; INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT; CONSERVATION BIOLOGY; FISHERIES
MANAGEMENT; NATURAL SYSTEMS; COUPLED HUMAN; UNCERTAINTY; COMPLEXITY
AB Ecological models are important for environmental decision support because they allow the consequences of alternative policies and management scenarios to be explored. However, current modeling practice is unsatisfactory. A literature review shows that the elements of good modeling practice have long been identified but are widely ignored. The reasons for this might include lack of involvement of decision makers, lack of incentives for modelers to follow good practice, and the use of inconsistent terminologies. As a strategy for the future, we propose a standard format for documenting models and their analyses: transparent and comprehensive ecological modeling (TRACE) documentation. This standard format will disclose all parts of the modeling process to scrutiny and make modeling itself more efficient and coherent.
C1 [Schmolke, Amelie; Grimm, Volker] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res UFZ, Dept Ecol Modelling, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
[Thorbek, Pernille] Jealotts Hill Int Res Ctr, Bracknell RG42 6EY, Berks, England.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.] Univ Miami, USGS Biol Resources Div, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
RP Schmolke, A (reprint author), UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res UFZ, Dept Ecol Modelling, Permoserstr 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
EM amelie.schmolke@ufz.de
FU Syngenta; Biological Resources Division of the U. S. Geological Survey
FX We would like to thank the members of the CREAM project
(http://cream-itn.eu) for helpful suggestions and discussions during the
CREAM kickoff meeting. Thanks to three anonymous reviewers for comments
on a previous version of the manuscript. This work was supported by
funding for AS by Syngenta. DLD was supported by the Biological
Resources Division of the U. S. Geological Survey.
NR 69
TC 116
Z9 119
U1 10
U2 114
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0169-5347
J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL
JI Trends Ecol. Evol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 8
BP 479
EP 486
DI 10.1016/j.tree.2010.05.001
PG 8
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 636PZ
UT WOS:000280752200008
PM 20605251
ER
PT J
AU Anteau, MJ
Sherfy, MH
AF Anteau, Michael J.
Sherfy, Mark H.
TI Diurnal Variation in Invertebrate Catch Rates by Sticky Traps: Potential
for Biased Indices of Piping Plover Forage
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Activity; Passive sampling; Shorebird; Technique; Waterbird
ID GREAT-PLAINS; SHOREBIRDS; SURVIVAL; WETLANDS; ISLANDS
AB Measuring abundance of invertebrate forage for piping plovers (Charadrius melodus; hereafter plovers), a federally listed species in the USA, is an important component of research and monitoring targeted toward species recovery. Sticky traps are commonly used to passively sample invertebrates, but catch rates may vary diurnally or in response to weather. We examined diurnal variation in catch rates of invertebrates using an experiment on reservoir shoreline and riverine sandbar habitats of the Upper Missouri River in 2006 and 2008. Highest catch rates of large invertebrates (> 3 mm) on dry sand habitats occurred during 08:00-11:00 Central Daylight Time (CDT) on the reservoir and 08:00-14:00 CDT on the river. On wet sand habitats, catch rates were lowest during 17:00-20:00 on both the reservoir and the river. Catch rates decreased 24% for every 10 kph increase in wind. Sticky traps deployed continuously for 12 h or more had lower catch rates than four consecutive-composited 3-hour deployments, suggesting that trap effectiveness declined for > 3-hour deployments. Thus, if sticky traps are used to index plover forage abundance without controlling for time of day and wind speed, data may be highly variable or estimates could be biased.
C1 [Anteau, Michael J.; Sherfy, Mark H.] US Geol Survey, Prairie & No Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
RP Anteau, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Prairie & No Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM manteau@usgs.gov
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
EI 1943-6246
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 4
BP 757
EP 762
DI 10.1007/s13157-010-0066-2
PG 6
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 646TG
UT WOS:000281565300011
ER
PT J
AU Baum, RL
Godt, JW
Savage, WZ
AF Baum, Rex L.
Godt, Jonathan W.
Savage, William Z.
TI Estimating the timing and location of shallow rainfall-induced
landslides using a model for transient, unsaturated infiltration
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE; UNCHANNELED CATCHMENT; HYDRAULIC
CONDUCTIVITY; COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; STABILITY ANALYSES; GROUNDWATER-FLOW;
SOIL DEPTH; COOS-BAY; HAZARD; WASHINGTON
AB Shallow rainfall-induced landslides commonly occur under conditions of transient infiltration into initially unsaturated soils. In an effort to predict the timing and location of such landslides, we developed a model of the infiltration process using a two-layer system that consists of an unsaturated zone above a saturated zone and implemented this model in a geographic information system (GIS) framework. The model links analytical solutions for transient, unsaturated, vertical infiltration above the water table to pressure-diffusion solutions for pressure changes below the water table. The solutions are coupled through a transient water table that rises as water accumulates at the base of the unsaturated zone. This scheme, though limited to simplified soil-water characteristics and moist initial conditions, greatly improves computational efficiency over numerical models in spatially distributed modeling applications. Pore pressures computed by these coupled models are subsequently used in one-dimensional slope-stability computations to estimate the timing and locations of slope failures. Applied over a digital landscape near Seattle, Washington, for an hourly rainfall history known to trigger shallow landslides, the model computes a factor of safety for each grid cell at any time during a rainstorm. The unsaturated layer attenuates and delays the rainfall-induced pore-pressure response of the model at depth, consistent with observations at an instrumented hillside near Edmonds, Washington. This attenuation results in realistic estimates of timing for the onset of slope instability (7 h earlier than observed landslides, on average). By considering the spatial distribution of physical properties, the model predicts the primary source areas of landslides.
C1 [Baum, Rex L.; Godt, Jonathan W.; Savage, William Z.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA.
RP Baum, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM baum@usgs.gov
OI Baum, Rex/0000-0001-5337-1970
NR 107
TC 59
Z9 59
U1 8
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD JUL 31
PY 2010
VL 115
AR F03013
DI 10.1029/2009JF001321
PG 26
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 634NE
UT WOS:000280588900001
ER
PT J
AU Dobrea, EZN
Bishop, JL
McKeown, NK
Fu, R
Rossi, CM
Michalski, JR
Heinlein, C
Hanus, V
Poulet, F
Mustard, RJF
Murchie, S
McEwen, AS
Swayze, G
Bibring, JP
Malaret, E
Hash, C
AF Dobrea, E. Z. Noe
Bishop, J. L.
McKeown, N. K.
Fu, R.
Rossi, C. M.
Michalski, J. R.
Heinlein, C.
Hanus, V.
Poulet, F.
Mustard, R. J. F.
Murchie, S.
McEwen, A. S.
Swayze, G.
Bibring, J. -P.
Malaret, E.
Hash, C.
TI Mineralogy and stratigraphy of phyllosilicate-bearing and dark mantling
units in the greater Mawrth Vallis/west Arabia Terra area: Constraints
on geological origin
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY;
MARS; SMECTITES; SERPENTINES; EVOLUTION; SURFACES; CHLORITE; OLIVINE
AB Analyses of MRO/CRISM images of the greater Mawrth Vallis region of Mars affirm the presence of two primary phyllosilicate assemblages throughout a region similar to 1000 x 1000 km. These two units consist of an Fe/Mg-phyllosilicate assemblage overlain by an Al-phyllosilicate and hydrated silica assemblage. The lower unit contains Fe/Mg-smectites, sometimes combined with one or more of these other Fe/Mg-phyllosilicates: serpentine, chlorite, biotite, and/or vermiculite. It is more than 100 m thick and finely layered at meter scales. The upper unit includes Al-smectite, kaolin group minerals, and hydrated silica. It is tens of meters thick and finely layered as well. A common phyllosilicate stratigraphy and morphology is observed throughout the greater region wherever erosional windows are present. This suggests that the geologic processes forming these units must have occurred on at least a regional scale. Sinuous ridges (interpreted to be inverted channels) and narrow channels cut into the upper clay-bearing unit suggesting that aqueous processes were prevalent after, and possibly during, the deposition of the layered units. We propose that layered units may have been deposited at Mawrth Vallis and then subsequently altered to form the hydrated units. The Fe/Mg-phyllosilicate assemblage is consistent with hydrothermal alteration or pedogenesis of mafic to ultramafic rocks. The Al-phyllosilicate/hydrated silica unit may have formed through alteration of felsic material or via leaching of basaltic material through pedogenic alteration or a mildly acidic environment. These phyllosilicate-bearing units are overlain by a darker, relatively unaltered, and indurated material that has probably experienced a complex geological history.
C1 [Dobrea, E. Z. Noe; Fu, R.; Rossi, C. M.; Heinlein, C.; Hanus, V.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Dobrea, E. Z. Noe; Michalski, J. R.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85710 USA.
[Bishop, J. L.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[McKeown, N. K.; Michalski, J. R.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Poulet, F.; Bibring, J. -P.] Univ Paris 11, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Mustard, R. J. F.] Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Murchie, S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[McEwen, A. S.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Swayze, G.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Malaret, E.; Hash, C.] Appl Coherent Technol Corp, Herndon, VA 20170 USA.
RP Dobrea, EZN (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM eldar@caltech.edu
RI Murchie, Scott/E-8030-2015
OI Murchie, Scott/0000-0002-1616-8751
FU Mars Data Analysis Program; MRO
FX We would like to thank Matt Golombek for extensive discussions and
advice on geologic interpretations and two anonymous reviewers for
greatly improving the manuscript. This work was funded under the Mars
Data Analysis Program as part of landing site selection studies and the
MRO Participating Scientist Program.
NR 74
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD JUL 31
PY 2010
VL 115
AR E00D19
DI 10.1029/2009JE003351
PG 27
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 634NJ
UT WOS:000280589400001
ER
PT J
AU Osborne, TH
Jamieson, HE
Hudson-Edwards, KA
Nordstrom, DK
Walker, SR
Ward, SA
Santini, JM
AF Osborne, Thomas H.
Jamieson, Heather E.
Hudson-Edwards, Karen A.
Nordstrom, D. Kirk
Walker, Stephen R.
Ward, Seamus A.
Santini, Joanne M.
TI Microbial oxidation of arsenite in a subarctic environment: diversity of
arsenite oxidase genes and identification of a psychrotolerant arsenite
oxidiser
SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GOLD MINE; BIODEGRADATION; BACTERIUM; WATER; IRON
AB Background: Arsenic is toxic to most living cells. The two soluble inorganic forms of arsenic are arsenite (+3) and arsenate (+5), with arsenite the more toxic. Prokaryotic metabolism of arsenic has been reported in both thermal and moderate environments and has been shown to be involved in the redox cycling of arsenic. No arsenic metabolism (either dissimilatory arsenate reduction or arsenite oxidation) has ever been reported in cold environments (i.e. < 10 degrees C).
Results: Our study site is located 512 kilometres south of the Arctic Circle in the Northwest Territories, Canada in an inactive gold mine which contains mine waste water in excess of 50 mM arsenic. Several thousand tonnes of arsenic trioxide dust are stored in underground chambers and microbial biofilms grow on the chamber walls below seepage points rich in arsenite-containing solutions. We compared the arsenite oxidisers in two subsamples (which differed in arsenite concentration) collected from one biofilm. 'Species' (sequence) richness did not differ between subsamples, but the relative importance of the three identifiable clades did. An arsenite-oxidising bacterium (designated GM1) was isolated, and was shown to oxidise arsenite in the early exponential growth phase and to grow at a broad range of temperatures (4-25 degrees C). Its arsenite oxidase was constitutively expressed and functioned over a broad temperature range.
Conclusions: The diversity of arsenite oxidisers does not significantly differ from two subsamples of a microbial biofilm that vary in arsenite concentrations. GM1 is the first psychrotolerant arsenite oxidiser to be isolated with the ability to grow below 10 degrees C. This ability to grow at low temperatures could be harnessed for arsenic bioremediation in moderate to cold climates.
C1 [Osborne, Thomas H.; Santini, Joanne M.] UCL, Inst Struct & Mol Biol, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Jamieson, Heather E.; Walker, Stephen R.] Queens Univ, Dept Geol Sci & Geol Engn, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
[Hudson-Edwards, Karen A.] Univ London, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, London WC1E 7HX, England.
[Nordstrom, D. Kirk] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Ward, Seamus A.] UCL, Res Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, London WC1E 6BT, England.
RP Santini, JM (reprint author), UCL, Inst Struct & Mol Biol, Darwin Bldg,Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.
EM j.santini@ucl.ac.uk
FU University of London; Natural Environment Research Council [14404A];
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council; Indian and Northern
Affairs Canada; National Research Program of the US Geological Survey
FX JMS would like to acknowledge support from the University of London
Central Research fund (Grant AR/CRF/B). THO is supported by a Natural
Environment Research Council studentship (14404A). HEJ and SRW
acknowledge support from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council and Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, and from A. Lanzirotti
at the National Synchrotron Light Source. DKN acknowledges support from
the National Research Program of the US Geological Survey. We would like
to thank R. Blaine McCleskey with technical help for biofilm arsenic
analyses, James Davy for technical help with the SEM, Anthony Osborn for
ICP-OES analysis of culture solutions, and S. Simpson for the
underground photograph of the biofilm. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the USGS.
NR 31
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 2
U2 36
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2180
J9 BMC MICROBIOL
JI BMC Microbiol.
PD JUL 30
PY 2010
VL 10
AR 205
DI 10.1186/1471-2180-10-205
PG 8
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 649VH
UT WOS:000281802500001
PM 20673331
ER
PT J
AU Kolker, AS
Kirwan, ML
Goodbred, SL
Cochran, JK
AF Kolker, Alexander S.
Kirwan, Matthew L.
Goodbred, Steven L.
Cochran, J. Kirk
TI Global climate changes recorded in coastal wetland sediments: Empirical
observations linked to theoretical predictions
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; LONG-ISLAND SOUND; NEW-YORK-CITY; SALT MARSHES; ICE-AGE;
IMPACTS; SURFACE; MODEL; USA
AB Whether coastal areas are experiencing, and responding to, an accelerated rate of global sea-level rise (GSLR) is critically important for the similar to 2 billion people living near Earth's oceans. Accretion rates from a suite of physiographically diverse coastal wetlands surrounding Long Island, NY accelerated during the 20th century at 2.3 +/- 0.2 x 10(-2) mm yr(-2), which is comparable to reported rates of GSLR acceleration and global temperature changes. Wetlands varied in tidal range, salinity and geomorphic setting, and were located in embayments with limited human impacts in a region with limited and constant rates of subsidence. From geochronologies with temporal resolutions of 2-5 yr, we constructed new composite histories of sediment accretion and mineral deposition. Wetland dynamics are consistent with predictions from sedimentology and a numerical model of ecogeomorphic response, suggesting that these systems, and likely others worldwide, are responding to accelerated GSLR and related climatic changes. Citation: Kolker, A. S., M. L. Kirwan, S. L. Goodbred, and J. K. Cochran (2010), Global climate changes recorded in coastal wetland sediments: Empirical observations linked to theoretical predictions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14706, doi:10.1029/2010GL043874.
C1 [Kolker, Alexander S.] Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA.
[Kirwan, Matthew L.] US Geol Survey, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[Kirwan, Matthew L.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Goodbred, Steven L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Cochran, J. Kirk] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Kolker, AS (reprint author), Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, 8124 Hwy 56, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA.
EM akolker@lumcon.edu
RI Goodbred, Steven/A-1737-2011; Kirwan, Matthew/F-1806-2011
OI Goodbred, Steven/0000-0001-7626-9864;
FU New York Sea Grant
FX Partial support for this work was provided by New York Sea Grant. Z.J.
Hughes and two anonymous individuals reviewed earlier drafts, which
greatly improved the quality of this paper.
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 6
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 30
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L14706
DI 10.1029/2010GL043874
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 634MC
UT WOS:000280585100005
ER
PT J
AU Davies, AG
Keszthelyi, LP
Harris, AJL
AF Davies, Ashley Gerard
Keszthelyi, Laszlo P.
Harris, Andrew J. L.
TI The thermal signature of volcanic eruptions on Io and Earth
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE volcanism; Io; Earth; remote sensing; planetary science
ID INFRARED MAPPING SPECTROMETER; GALILEO NIMS DATA; TRACK SCANNING
RADIOMETER; LAVA EFFUSION RATES; JUPITERS MOON IO; SILICATE VOLCANISM;
MOUNT-ETNA; ACTIVE VOLCANISM; EREBUS VOLCANO; HOT-SPOTS
AB We investigate a spectrum-based technique to identify the style of active volcanic eruptions on Jupiter's moon Io. Thermal remote sensing of Io has had to rely primarily on low-spatial-resolution data, similar to low-spatial-resolution satellite data applied to detecting and charting the temporal evolution of terrestrial hot spots. These terrestrial analyses use data from sensors designed to monitor the weather and sea surface temperature. On Io, such low-spatial-resolution data are used to classify eruption styles (modes of emplacement) by means of several criteria related to the temporal evolution of the infrared spectrum associated with the eruptive activity at each hot spot, which we term "thermal signature." We find that the ratio of the emission at 2 and 5 mu m, and how this ratio changes with time, is often diagnostic of eruption style, even in low-spatial-resolution data. Tests using thermal data for terrestrial "ground truth" cases show that our classification system is valid on Earth. The results of our analysis can be used to aid in the design of future space-based instruments that can be used for volcano monitoring on Io, as well as Earth. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Davies, Ashley Gerard] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Keszthelyi, Laszlo P.] USGS Astrogeol Branch, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
[Harris, Andrew J. L.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, OPGC, Lab Magmas & Volcans, F-63038 Clermont Ferrand, France.
RP Davies, AG (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Ms 183-501,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Ashley.Davies@jpl.nasa.gov
FU NASA [WBS344.30.99.05, NNH08AI471]
FX Part of this work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory-California Institute of Technology, under contract to NASA
(c) 2010. All rights reserved. The authors thank Robert Wright
(University of Hawai'i) and David Williams (Arizona State University)
for their detailed reviews of the manuscript-this paper was greatly
improved as a result. AGD thanks Alison Canning Davies for her
meticulous editorial review of the manuscript, and Greg Vaughan for
additional comments on the manuscript. AGD is supported by the NASA
Outer Planets Research Program Grant WBS344.30.99.05. LPK is supported
by NASA Outer Planets Research Program Grant NNH08AI471.
NR 105
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUL 30
PY 2010
VL 194
IS 4
BP 75
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.04.009
PG 25
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 634YH
UT WOS:000280621700001
ER
PT J
AU Thelen, W
West, M
Senyukoy, S
AF Thelen, Weston
West, Michael
Senyukoy, Sergey
TI Seismic characterization of the fall 2007 eruptive sequence at
Bezymianny Volcano, Russia
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bezymianny; earthquakes; conduit; magma chamber; multiplet
ID MOUNT ST-HELENS; SOUFRIERE-HILLS-VOLCANO; REDOUBT-VOLCANO; EARTHQUAKE
LOCATION; MAGMATIC SYSTEM; ALASKA; MONTSERRAT; CALIFORNIA; KAMCHATKA;
SWARMS
AB We examine an eruptive sequence in late 2007 at Bezymianny Volcano to characterize the magmatic plumbing system and eruption-related seismicity. Earthquake locations reveal seismicity below and offset to the north of the volcano along a tectonic fault. Based on historical seismicity, the magma chamber is postulated to have a top at about 6 km depth. Minor dome explosions, large sub-plinian eruptions and dome collapses are analyzed using an automated event classification scheme. Low-frequency tremor, interpreted as gas escape, and low-frequency earthquakes are a dominant proportion of the energy released. We also examine multiplet earthquakes whose behavior during the study period changed significantly and systematically before the largest eruption, demonstrating the potential of tracking multiplets to assess changing conditions with the conduit. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Thelen, Weston] US Geol Survey, Cascade Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Thelen, Weston] Univ Washington, Pacific NW Seism Network, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[West, Michael] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[West, Michael] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Senyukoy, Sergey] Russian Acad Sci, Kamchatka Branch Geophys Serv, Petropavlosk, Russia.
RP Thelen, W (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascade Volcano Observ, 1300 Cardinal Court, Vancouver, WA USA.
EM wthelen@usgs.gov; west@gi.alaska.edu; ssl@emsd.iks.ru
FU PIRE program
FX We wish to acknowledge the PIRE program for funding the logistics and
research that went into this paper. We also give thanks to the Institute
of Volcanology and Seismology, Kamchatka and the Kamchatkan Branch of
Geophysical Services. Without their logistical support, the seismic
network at Bezymianny would not have been installed. Matthew Haney and
an anonymous reviewer contributed to the clarity of this manuscript
greatly.
NR 47
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUL 30
PY 2010
VL 194
IS 4
BP 201
EP 213
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.05.010
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 634YH
UT WOS:000280621700010
ER
PT J
AU Wenger, SJ
Freeman, MC
Fowler, LA
Freeman, BJ
Peterson, JT
AF Wenger, Seth J.
Freeman, Mary C.
Fowler, Laurie A.
Freeman, Byron J.
Peterson, James T.
TI Conservation planning for imperiled aquatic species in an urbanizing
environment
SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE Freshwater; Conservation plan; Forecasting; Modeling; Stormwater; Urban
ID POPULATION VIABILITY; UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE; HABITAT; STREAMS;
MANAGEMENT; PLANS; AUSTRALIA; URBANIZATION; INFILTRATION
AB As the global area devoted to urban uses grows, an increasing number of freshwater species will face imperilment clue to urbanization effects. Management of these impacts on both private and public lands is necessary to ensure species persistence. Such management entails several hallenges: (1) development of a management policy appropriate to the stressors; (2) linking stressor levels to species population attributes; (3) forecasting the effects of alternative management policy decisions on the species, and (4) using adaptive management to adjust the policy in the future. We illustrate how these challenges were addressed under the Etowah Habitat Conservation Plan (Etowah HCP), a management plan for three federally protected fish species in Georgia, USA. The plan involved the creation of a management policy to address the impacts of the greatest stressor, stormwater runoff, as well as other stressors. Models were constructed to link population indices of the three species with a key indicator of stormwater runoff, effective impervious area (EIA). Then, models were applied to projected levels of EIA under full watershed buildout to fine-tune the parameters of the management policy. Forecasting indicated that the most sensitive species, the Etowah darter, was likely to decline by 84% in the absence of the Etowah HCP, but only 23% if the Etowah HCP were implemented. Although there was substantial uncertainty in model predictions, an adaptive management plan was established to incorporate new data and to adjust management policies as necessary. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wenger, Seth J.; Fowler, Laurie A.] Univ Georgia, River Basin Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Freeman, Mary C.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Freeman, Byron J.] Univ Georgia, Georgia Museum Nat Hist, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Peterson, James T.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Wenger, SJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, River Basin Ctr, 110 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM swenger@uga.edu
RI Wenger, Seth/G-6594-2011
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX This work was funded by habitat conservation planning grants from the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Development of the Etowah HCP was
overseen by the Etowah Aquatic HCP Steering Committee. Many people
contributed to the development of the Etowah HCP, but we wish to
particularly acknowledge Tim Carter, Bill Bumback, Curt Gervich, Eric
Prowell, Emily Franzen, Rosemary Seymour, Deb Borden Stewart and Alfie
Vick for their work in helping to develop the Runoff Limits Program. The
Etowah Aquatic HCP Scientific Advisory Committee that reviewed and
approved the Population Thresholds included Brett Albanese, Noel
Burkhead, Byron Freeman, Mary Freeman, Gene Helfman, James Peterson,
Steve Powers, Chris Skelton and David Walters. We thank Judy Meyer,
Howard Jelks, David Walters, Stephen Walsh, Brett Albanese and three
anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this
article.
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-2046
J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN
JI Landsc. Urban Plan.
PD JUL 30
PY 2010
VL 97
IS 1
BP 11
EP 21
DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.04.006
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban
Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban
Studies
GA 624ZE
UT WOS:000279860100002
ER
PT J
AU Fend, SV
Lenat, DR
AF Fend, Steven V.
Lenat, David R.
TI New southeastern Nearctic Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) species and the
description of Pararhynchelmis n. gen. (Annelida: Clitellata:
Lumbriculidae)
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Clitellata; Oligochaeta; Lumbriculidae; taxonomy; Rhynchelmis;
Pararhynchelmis; Rhynchelmoides; new species; new genus
ID NORTH-AMERICA; OLIGOCHAETA
AB The first verified records of Rhynchelmis from the southeastern Nearctic represent two new species. Both belong to R. (Rhynchelmoides) (Hrabe) n. comb., which is defined here. Rhynchelmis bolinensis n. sp. resembles other R. (Rhynchelmoides) species with elongate spermathecae, but differs in details of the reproductive structures. Rhynchelmis croatanensis n. sp. is similar in many respects, but the gonads and male and female pores are shifted anteriad by one segment, a character previously unknown within the genus. Pararhynchelmis murdocki n. gen., n. sp. has the spermathecal pores in VIII and IX and male pores in X, and the spermathecae connect to the gut. These characters associate the new species with Rhynchelmis, but the combination of differences in morphology or arrangement of atria, spermathecae, blood vessels and nephridia, and the absence of a proboscis, suggest that it be placed in a related genus. Rhynchelmis bolinensis was collected at several sites in North Carolina, but the other two species are known only from single localities.
C1 [Fend, Steven V.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Lenat, David R.] Lenat Consulting Serv, Raleigh, NC 27612 USA.
RP Fend, SV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,Mailstop 496, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM svfend@usgs.gov
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD JUL 30
PY 2010
IS 2554
BP 1
EP 22
PG 22
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 632YB
UT WOS:000280464700001
ER
PT J
AU Zawada, DG
Piniak, GA
Hearn, CJ
AF Zawada, David G.
Piniak, Gregory A.
Hearn, Clifford J.
TI Topographic complexity and roughness of a tropical benthic seascape
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CORAL-REEF; FRACTAL DIMENSION; ECOLOGICAL SCALES; HYDRODYNAMICS; FISHES
AB Topographic complexity is a fundamental structural property of benthic marine ecosystems that exists across all scales and affects a multitude of processes. Coral reefs are a prime example, for which this complexity has been found to impact water flow, species diversity, nutrient uptake, and wave-energy dissipation, among other properties. Despite its importance, only limited assessments are available regarding the distribution or range of topographic complexity within or between benthic communities. Here, we show substantial variability in topographic complexity over the entire inner-shelf seascape of a tropical island. Roughness, estimated in terms of fractal dimension, served as a proxy for topographic complexity, and was computed for linear transects (D-T), as well as the benthic surface (D-S). Spatial variability in both D-T and D-S was correlated with the known distribution of benthic cover types in the seascape. Transect roughness values ranged from 1.0 to 1.7, with features along the shelf edge being markedly anisotropic with an along-shore bias, whereas regions with high scleractinian coral cover were nearly isotropic and exhibited minimal directional bias. Surface-roughness values ranged from 2.0 in predominantly hardbottom areas with low coral cover to 2.5 in areas with high coral cover. Quantifying roughness across the substrates and biological communities for an entire seascape provides a synoptic view of its spatial variability at scales appropriate for numerous research efforts, including ecosystem studies, parameterizing hydrodynamic models, and designing monitoring programs. Citation: Zawada, D. G., G. A. Piniak, and C. J. Hearn (2010), Topographic complexity and roughness of a tropical benthic seascape, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14604, doi:10.1029/2010GL043789.
C1 [Zawada, David G.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Piniak, Gregory A.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Zawada, David G.] Working Sci Consultancies LLC, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Zawada, DG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 600 4th St S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM dzawada@usgs.gov
RI Zawada, David/C-5209-2008
NR 29
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 27
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L14604
DI 10.1029/2010GL043789
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 634LZ
UT WOS:000280584700002
ER
PT J
AU Salvato, MH
Salvato, HL
AF Salvato, Mark H.
Salvato, Holly L.
TI NOTES ON THE STATUS AND ECOLOGY OF ANAEA TROGLODYTA FLORIDALIS
(NYMPHALIDAE) IN EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK
SO JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE prescribed fire; phenology; conservation; hurricanes; Forcipomyia;
Chetogena
ID REPRODUCTIVE SEASONALITY; LEPIDOPTERA; BUTTERFLIES; STRATEGIES;
PHENOLOGY; KEYS
AB A 10-year survey was conducted within the pine rocklands of Everglades National Park to study the general status, phenology and natural history of Anaea troglodyta floridalis F. Johnson and Comstock. The response of A. t. floridalis populations to prescribed fires and hurricane activity within the Everglades was also noted. Anaea L floridalis (n = 242) was encountered throughout the survey period, most frequently during the late fall to early spring. While the species was encountered throughout the pine rocklands of Long Pine Key its annual abundance varied considerably over the survey duration. Anaea t. floridalis was readily encountered within recently burned pine rocklands soon after prescribed fires. In addition, the species appeared to recover quickly after various hurricane events in the Everglades.
C1 [Salvato, Mark H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Vero Beach, FL 32962 USA.
RP Salvato, MH (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Vero Beach, FL 32962 USA.
EM anaea_99@yahoo.com; anaea_99@yahoo.com
NR 32
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU LEPIDOPTERISTS SOC
PI LOS ANGELES
PA 900 EXPOSITION BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007-4057 USA
SN 0024-0966
J9 J LEPID SOC
JI J. Lepid. Soc.
PD JUL 27
PY 2010
VL 64
IS 2
BP 91
EP 97
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 633JI
UT WOS:000280497600004
ER
PT J
AU Tomkiewicz, SM
Fuller, MR
Kie, JG
Bates, KK
AF Tomkiewicz, Stanley M.
Fuller, Mark R.
Kie, John G.
Bates, Kirk K.
TI Global positioning system and associated technologies in animal
behaviour and ecological research
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE global positioning system technology; radio-tracking; biotelemetry;
animal behaviour; animal ecology; datalogging
ID EAGLES AQUILA-POMARINA; FINE-SCALE TRACKING; SATELLITE TRACKING;
HOME-RANGE; DIFFERENTIAL CORRECTION; HABITAT SELECTION; TELEMETRY
SYSTEM; LOCATION SYSTEM; MARINE PREDATOR; MOUNTAIN GOATS
AB Biologists can equip animals with global positioning system (GPS) technology to obtain accurate (less than or equal to 30 m) locations that can be combined with sensor data to study animal behaviour and ecology. We provide the background of GPS techniques that have been used to gather data for wildlife studies. We review how GPS has been integrated into functional systems with data storage, data transfer, power supplies, packaging and sensor technologies to collect temperature, activity, proximity and mortality data from terrestrial species and birds. GPS `rapid fixing' technologies combined with sensors provide location, dive frequency and duration profiles, and underwater acoustic information for the study of marine species. We examine how these rapid fixing technologies may be applied to terrestrial and avian applications. We discuss positional data quality and the capability for high-frequency sampling associated with GPS locations. We present alternatives for storing and retrieving data by using dataloggers (biologging), radio-frequency download systems (e.g. very high frequency, spread spectrum), integration of GPS with other satellite systems (e.g. Argos, Globalstar) and potential new data recovery technologies (e.g. network nodes). GPS is one component among many rapidly evolving technologies. Therefore, we recommend that users and suppliers interact to ensure the availability of appropriate equipment to meet animal research objectives.
C1 [Tomkiewicz, Stanley M.] Telonics Inc, Mesa, AZ 85204 USA.
[Fuller, Mark R.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Kie, John G.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Bates, Kirk K.] Boise State Univ, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
RP Tomkiewicz, SM (reprint author), Telonics Inc, 932 E Impala Ave, Mesa, AZ 85204 USA.
EM stan@telonics.com
FU Autonomous Province of Trento
FX We would like to thank Dave Beaty, Roger Degler, Jeff Tenney, Chris
Lusko, Tim Rios, Paolo Ciucci, Matt Perry, Phil Schempf and anonymous
reviewers for their constructive reviews of our manuscript. We
appreciate the many biologists who provided information about using GPS
and other technology for their studies. The idea of this paper arose
during the GPS-Telemetry Data: Challenges and Opportunities for
Behavioural Ecology Studies workshop organized by the Edmund Mach
Foundation (FEM) in September 2008 and held in Viote del Monte Bondone,
Trento, Italy. Funding of the workshop by the Autonomous Province of
Trento is gratefully acknowledged. Any use of trade, product or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the authors or the US Government.
NR 90
TC 137
Z9 142
U1 18
U2 170
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8436
EI 1471-2970
J9 PHILOS T R SOC B
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD JUL 27
PY 2010
VL 365
IS 1550
BP 2163
EP 2176
DI 10.1098/rstb.2010.0090
PG 14
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 612SM
UT WOS:000278922900003
PM 20566494
ER
PT J
AU Gaillard, JM
Hebblewhite, M
Loison, A
Fuller, M
Powell, R
Basille, M
Van Moorter, B
AF Gaillard, Jean-Michel
Hebblewhite, Mark
Loison, Anne
Fuller, Mark
Powell, Roger
Basille, Mathieu
Van Moorter, Bram
TI Habitat-performance relationships: finding the right metric at a given
spatial scale
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE density dependence; fitness; global positioning system; habitat
selection; individual heterogeneity; scaling
ID LIFETIME REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; NORTHERN SPOTTED OWLS;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; PREDATION RISK; TRADE-OFFS; DEMOGRAPHIC
PERFORMANCE; RESOURCE SELECTION; TEMPORAL VARIATION; ECOLOGICAL-NICHE;
LIMITING FACTORS
AB The field of habitat ecology has been muddled by imprecise terminology regarding what constitutes habitat, and how importance is measured through use, selection, avoidance and other bio-statistical terminology. Added to the confusion is the idea that habitat is scale-specific. Despite these conceptual difficulties, ecologists have made advances in understanding `how habitats are important to animals', and data from animal-borne global positioning system (GPS) units have the potential to help this clarification. Here, we propose a new conceptual framework to connect habitats with measures of animal performance itself-towards assessing habitat-performance relationship (HPR). Long-term studies will be needed to estimate consequences of habitat selection for animal performance. GPS data from wildlife can provide new approaches for studying useful correlates of performance that we review. Recent examples include merging traditional resource selection studies with information about resources used at different critical life-history events (e. g. nesting, calving, migration), uncovering habitats that facilitate movement or foraging and, ultimately, comparing resources used through different life-history strategies with those resulting in death. By integrating data from GPS receivers with other animal-borne technologies and combining those data with additional life-history information, we believe understanding the drivers of HPRs will inform animal ecology and improve conservation.
C1 [Gaillard, Jean-Michel; Basille, Mathieu; Van Moorter, Bram] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, Unite Mixte Rech Biometrie & Biol Evolut 5558, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
[Hebblewhite, Mark] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Loison, Anne] Univ Savoie, CNRS, UMR 5553, Lab Ecol Alpine, F-73370 Le Bourget Du Lac, France.
[Fuller, Mark] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Powell, Roger] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Zool, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Basille, Mathieu] Univ Laval, Ctr Etud Foret, Ste Foy, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
[Basille, Mathieu] Univ Laval, Dept Biol, Ste Foy, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
RP Gaillard, JM (reprint author), Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, Unite Mixte Rech Biometrie & Biol Evolut 5558, Batiment Gregor Mendel,43 Blvd 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
EM gaillard@biomserv.univ-lyon1.fr
RI hebblewhite, mark/G-6164-2013; Basille, Mathieu/A-6133-2017;
OI Basille, Mathieu/0000-0001-9366-7127; Van Moorter,
Bram/0000-0002-3196-1993
FU ANR `Mobility'
FX We first want to warmly thank Francesca Cagnacci and Luigi Boitani for
having organized the workshop on GPS monitoring in September 2008 at
Trento (Italy). This work would not have been done without the fruitful
discussion we had there. We are also grateful to Christophe Bonenfant,
Mark Boyce, John Fryxell, Mark Hewison and two anonymous referees for
useful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. Lastly we thank the
`Groupe de Recherche sur l'Habitat' for fruitful discussions. This work
has been supported by the ANR `Mobility'.
NR 107
TC 109
Z9 110
U1 8
U2 120
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8436
J9 PHILOS T R SOC B
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD JUL 27
PY 2010
VL 365
IS 1550
BP 2255
EP 2265
DI 10.1098/rstb.2010.0085
PG 11
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 612SM
UT WOS:000278922900011
PM 20566502
ER
PT J
AU Aeby, GS
Ross, M
Williams, GJ
Lewis, TD
Work, TM
AF Aeby, G. S.
Ross, M.
Williams, G. J.
Lewis, T. D.
Work, T. M.
TI Disease dynamics of Montipora white syndrome within Kaneohe Bay, Oahu,
Hawaii: distribution, seasonality, virulence, and transmissibility
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Montipora white syndrome; Disease prevalence; Virulence Disease
transmission; Kaneohe Bay; Hawaii
ID BLACK BAND DISEASE; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; CORAL DISEASE; ACROPORA-PALMATA;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; INDO-PACIFIC; PUERTO-RICO; OUTBREAK; ECOLOGY; PORITES
AB We report on an investigation of Montipora white syndrome (MWS), which is a coral disease reported from Hawaii, USA, that results in tissue loss. Disease surveys of Montipora capitata within Kaneohe Bay (Oahu) found colonies that were affected by MWS on 9 reefs within 3 regions of Kaneohe Bay (south, central, north) Mean MWS prevalence ranged from 0.02 to 0 87% and average number of MWS cases per survey site ranged from 1 to 28 colonies. MWS prevalence and number of cases were significantly lower in the central region as compared to those in the north and south regions of Kaneohe Bay. There was a positive relationship between host abundance and MWS prevalence, and differences in host abundance between sites explained similar to 27% of the variation in MWS prevalence Reefs in central Kaneohe Bay had lower M. capitata cover and lower MWS levels MWS prevalence on reefs was neither significantly different between seasons (spring versus fall) nor among 57 tagged colonies that were monitored through time. MWS is a chronic and progressive disease causing M. capitata colonies to lose an average of 3.1% of live tissue mo(-1) Case fatality rate was 28% after 2 yr but recovery occurred in some colonies (32%) Manipulative experiments showed that the disease is acquired through direct contact This is the first study to examine the dynamics of MWS within Hawaii, and our findings suggest that MWS has the potential to degrade Hawaii's reefs through lime.
C1 [Aeby, G. S.; Ross, M.; Lewis, T. D.] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Ross, M.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Zool, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Williams, G. J.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand.
[Lewis, T. D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dexter Natl Fish Hatchery & Technol Ctr, Dexter, NM 88230 USA.
[Work, T. M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu Field Stn, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
RP Aeby, GS (reprint author), Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
RI Work, Thierry/F-1550-2015
OI Work, Thierry/0000-0002-4426-9090
FU Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative [NOA06NOS4260200]
FX We thank the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology for logistical support
The Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative Grant NOA06NOS4260200 provided partial
funding. We also thank F Cox, K Rogers and F Stanton for help with the
field surveys The manuscript was improved by comments from F Cox and F
Stanton
NR 60
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 15
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD JUL 26
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 1
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.3354/dao02247
PG 8
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 646EC
UT WOS:000281518500001
PM 20853736
ER
PT J
AU Pape, L
Plant, NG
Ruessink, BG
AF Pape, L.
Plant, N. G.
Ruessink, B. G.
TI On cross-shore migration and equilibrium states of nearshore sandbars
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; BAR MORPHOLOGY; SURF ZONES; BEHAVIOR; BEACH; MODEL;
QUANTIFICATION; VARIABILITY; DISSIPATION; HASAKI
AB The location of submerged sandbars in the nearshore zone changes over time in response to variability in wave conditions. Here, cross-shore sandbar migration is studied with an empirical model consisting of a differential equation relating cross-shore sandbar migration to wave forcing. Model parameters are fitted to data sets containing multiple years of daily-observed positions of five sandbars at three field sites. From the fitted model parameters we determine the cross-shore location of zero-migration (equilibrium location), the stability of this equilibrium, and the rate (response time) at which a sandbar migrates toward or away from the equilibrium location. We find that for breaking waves a sandbar moves toward a stable, wave-height-dependent equilibrium location. For non-to slightly-breaking waves, however, a sandbar moves away from the equilibrium location, implying that the beach profile evolves toward a state without submerged sandbars. The response times can differ up to a factor three for different sandbars at a particular field site, and a factor ten between sandbars at different sites. For breaking waves, response times are found to decrease with increasing wave height from months to days, while for non-to slightly-breaking waves response times exceed several months. In general, response times remain larger than the timescale of variability in wave climate (several days), implying that sandbars spend most of their lifetime out of equilibrium with the wave forcing. The model is able to hindcast the relevant features of cross-shore sandbar migration on timescales of days to several years, and outperforms a baseline prediction of no change for all sandbars. When the equilibrium location is reached by both the hindcasted and actual sandbar, the hindcast error depends on the accuracy of the predicted equilibrium location only, and no longer on the history of accumulated errors. As a result, sandbars that occasionally reach their equilibrium location can accurately be predicted from the wave forcings over their entire lifespan. However, it is difficult to predict the exact rate of the yearly to interannual trends that are observed at two field sites, because the sandbars at these sites never reach the offshore-located equilibrium states associated with high waves.
C1 [Pape, L.; Ruessink, B. G.] Univ Utrecht, Dept Phys Geog, Fac Geosci, NL-3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Plant, N. G.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Pape, L (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Dept Phys Geog, Fac Geosci, Heidelberglaan 2, NL-3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands.
EM l.pape@geo.uu.nl; nplant@usgs.gov; g.ruessink@geo.uu.nl
OI Plant, Nathaniel/0000-0002-5703-5672
FU Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [864.04.007]
FX This work was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific
Research (NWO) under contract 864.04.007. Part of this work was carried
out by L. P. while staying at the USGS, St. Petersburg, Florida. We
thank D. Anderson, I. Turner and Y. Kuriyama for generously supplying
the Gold Coast and HORS data.
NR 34
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD JUL 24
PY 2010
VL 115
AR F03008
DI 10.1029/2009JF001501
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 631GD
UT WOS:000280333800002
ER
PT J
AU Jones, LC
Rosenbauer, R
Goldsmith, JI
Oze, C
AF Jones, L. Camille
Rosenbauer, Robert
Goldsmith, Jonas I.
Oze, Christopher
TI Carbonate control of H-2 and CH4 production in serpentinization systems
at elevated P-Ts
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROTHERMAL FIELD; VENT FLUIDS; 500 BAR; CO2; OLIVINE; HYDROCARBONS;
REDUCTION
AB Serpentinization of forsteritic olivine results in the inorganic synthesis of molecular hydrogen (H-2) in ultramafic hydrothermal systems (e. g., mid-ocean ridge and forearc environments). Inorganic carbon in those hydrothermal systems may react with H-2 to produce methane (CH4) and other hydrocarbons or react with dissolved metal ions to form carbonate minerals. Here, we report serpentinization experiments at 200 degrees C and 300 bar demonstrating Fe2+ being incorporated into carbonates more rapidly than Fe2+ oxidation (and concomitant H-2 formation) leading to diminished yields of H-2 and H-2-dependent CH4. In addition, carbonate formation is temporally fast in carbonate oversaturated fluids. Our results demonstrate that carbonate chemistry ultimately modulates the abiotic synthesis of both H-2 and CH4 in hydrothermal ultramafic systems and that ultramafic systems present great potential for CO2-mineral sequestration. Citation: Jones, L. C., R. Rosenbauer, J. I. Goldsmith, and C. Oze (2010), Carbonate control of H-2 and CH4 production in serpentinization systems at elevated P-Ts, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14306, doi:10.1029/2010GL043769.
C1 [Jones, L. Camille; Goldsmith, Jonas I.; Oze, Christopher] Bryn Mawr Coll, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA.
[Jones, L. Camille; Rosenbauer, Robert] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Jones, LC (reprint author), Bryn Mawr Coll, 101 N Merion Ave, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA.
EM christopher.oze@canterbury.ac.nz
NR 19
TC 29
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 23
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L14306
DI 10.1029/2010GL043769
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 631DG
UT WOS:000280326200002
ER
PT J
AU Hull, JM
Mindell, DP
Talbot, SL
Kay, EH
Hoekstra, HE
Ernest, HB
AF Hull, Joshua M.
Mindell, David P.
Talbot, Sandra L.
Kay, Emily H.
Hoekstra, Hopi E.
Ernest, Holly B.
TI Population structure and plumage polymorphism: The intraspecific
evolutionary relationships of a polymorphic raptor, Buteo jamaicensis
harlani
SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD-ESTIMATION; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; COALESCENT APPROACH;
AVIAN POPULATIONS; GALAPAGOS HAWK; CONSERVATION; DIFFERENTIATION;
GENETICS; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; SWAINSONI
AB Background: Phenotypic and molecular genetic data often provide conflicting patterns of intraspecific relationships confounding phylogenetic inference, particularly among birds where a variety of environmental factors may influence plumage characters. Among diurnal raptors, the taxonomic relationship of Buteo jamaicensis harlani to other B. jamaicensis subspecies has been long debated because of the polytypic nature of the plumage characteristics used in subspecies or species designations.
Results: To address the evolutionary relationships within this group, we used data from 17 nuclear microsatellite loci, 430 base pairs of the mitochondrial control region, and 829 base pairs of the melanocortin 1 receptor (Mc1r) to investigate molecular genetic differentiation among three B. jamaicensis subspecies (B. j. borealis, B. j. calurus, B. j. harlani). Bayesian clustering analyses of nuclear microsatellite loci showed no significant differences between B. j. harlani and B. j. borealis. Differences observed between B. j. harlani and B. j. borealis in mitochondrial and microsatellite data were equivalent to those found between morphologically similar subspecies, B. j. borealis and B. j. calurus, and estimates of migration rates among all three subspecies were high. No consistent differences were observed in Mc1r data between B. j. harlani and other B. jamaicensis subspecies or between light and dark color morphs within B. j. calurus, suggesting that Mc1r does not play a significant role in B. jamaicensis melanism.
Conclusions: These data suggest recent interbreeding and gene flow between B. j. harlani and the other B. jamaicensis subspecies examined, providing no support for the historical designation of B. j. harlani as a distinct species.
C1 [Hull, Joshua M.; Ernest, Holly B.] Univ Calif Davis, Vet Genet Lab, Wildlife & Ecol Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Hull, Joshua M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Genom Variat Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Mindell, David P.] Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
[Talbot, Sandra L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Kay, Emily H.; Hoekstra, Hopi E.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Museum Comparat Zool, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Ernest, Holly B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Hull, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Vet Genet Lab, Wildlife & Ecol Unit, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM jmhull@ucdavis.edu
RI Talbot, Sandra/C-9433-2011; Hoekstra, Hopi/I-6690-2012;
OI Hoekstra, Hopi/0000-0003-1431-1769; /0000-0002-0205-8818
FU UC Davis Veterinary Genetics Laboratory; USGS Alaska Science Center;
National Science Foundation
FX We thank William Clark, Angus Hull, Ted Swem, Clayton White, and the
Golden Gate Raptor Observatory for assisting in sample collection.
Support was provided by the UC Davis Veterinary Genetics Laboratory,
USGS Alaska Science Center, and a National Science Foundation Graduate
Research Fellowship to Emily Kay. Joshua Israel, Jessica Petersen, Molly
Stephens, John Martin and Travis Booms provided valuable comments on
earlier versions of this manuscript. Two anonymous reviewers contributed
important suggestions and guidance. Mention of trade names or commercial
products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
NR 62
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 34
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2148
J9 BMC EVOL BIOL
JI BMC Evol. Biol.
PD JUL 22
PY 2010
VL 10
AR 224
DI 10.1186/1471-2148-10-224
PG 12
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 661RW
UT WOS:000282746400005
PM 20650000
ER
PT J
AU Aster, RC
McNamara, DE
Bromirski, PD
AF Aster, Richard C.
McNamara, Daniel E.
Bromirski, Peter D.
TI Global trends in extremal microseism intensity
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVE CLIMATE; OCEAN; NOISE; GENERATION; CYCLONES; PACIFIC
AB Globally ubiquitous seismic background noise peaks near 7 and 14 s period are generated via distinct mechanisms that transfer storm-generated gravity wave energy to the seismic wave field. We utilize continuous digital ground motion data recorded by the Global Seismographic Network and precursor instrumentation to chronicle microseism power extreme events for 1972-2009. Because most land-observed microseism surface-wave energy is generated at or near coasts, microseism metrics are particularly relevant to assessing changes in coastal ocean wave energy. Extreme microseism winter storm season event counts reveal the widespread influence of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Individual station and ensemble slopes trend positive for this study period for Northern Hemisphere stations. The double-frequency microseism is particularly volatile, suggesting that the weaker single-frequency microseism directly generated by ocean swell at coasts is likely a more representative seismic proxy for broad-scale ocean wave energy estimation. Citation: Aster, R. C., D. E. McNamara, and P. D. Bromirski (2010), Global trends in extremal microseism intensity, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14303, doi: 10.1029/2010GL043472.
C1 [Aster, Richard C.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Bromirski, Peter D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Integrat Oceanog Div 0209, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[McNamara, Daniel E.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Aster, RC (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
EM aster@ees.nmt.edu
RI Aster, Richard/E-5067-2013
OI Aster, Richard/0000-0002-0821-4906
FU California Department of Boating and Waterways
FX The Global Seismographic Network is a cooperative scientific facility
operated jointly by the Incorporated Research Institutions for
Seismology, the United States Geological Survey (USGS), and the National
Science Foundation. P. Bromirski was supported in this research by the
California Department of Boating and Waterways. Figures were created
using MATLAB. Richard Boaz contributed significantly to database
programming. We thank USGS colleagues Lind Gee and Adam Ringler, and two
external reviewers for helpful comments during review.
NR 27
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 21
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L14303
DI 10.1029/2010GL043472
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 631CZ
UT WOS:000280325500003
ER
PT J
AU Tsai, VC
Rice, JR
AF Tsai, Victor C.
Rice, James R.
TI A model for turbulent hydraulic fracture and application to crack
propagation at glacier beds
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
ID GREENLAND ICE-SHEET; FLUID-DRIVEN FRACTURE; MAGMA TRANSPORT; FILLED
CRACKS; SURFACE; TOUGHNESS; FLOW; CREVASSES; FIELDS; STREAM
AB Glaciological observations of under-flooding suggest that fluid-induced hydraulic fracture of an ice sheet from its bed sometimes occurs quickly, possibly driven by turbulently flowing water in a broad sheet flow. Taking the approximation of a fully turbulent flow into an elastic ice medium with small fracture toughness, we derive an approximate expression for the crack-tip speed, opening displacement and pressure profile. We accomplish this by first showing that a Manning-Strickler channel model for resistance to turbulent flow leads to a mathematical structure somewhat similar to that for resistance to laminar flow of a power law viscous fluid. We then adapt the plane-strain asymptotic crack solution of Desroches et al. (1994) and the power law self-similar solution of Adachi and Detournay (2002) for that case to calculate the desired quantities. The speed of crack growth is shown to scale as the overpressure (in excess of ice overburden) to the power 7/6, inversely as ice elastic modulus to the power 2/3, and as the ratio of crack length to wall roughness scale to the power 1/6. We tentatively apply our model by choosing parameter values thought appropriate for a basal crack driven by the rapid drainage of a surface meltwater lake near the margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Making various approximations perhaps relevant to this setting, we estimate fluid inflow rate to the basal fracture and vertical and horizontal surface displacements and find order-of-magnitude agreement with observations by Das et al. (2008) associated with lake drainage. Finally, we discuss how these preliminary estimates could be improved.
C1 [Tsai, Victor C.; Rice, James R.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Rice, James R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Tsai, VC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1711 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM victor.c.tsai@gmail.com; rice@seas.harvard.edu
RI Tsai, Victor/J-8405-2012;
OI Tsai, Victor/0000-0003-1809-6672; Rice, James/0000-0001-6151-4310
FU National Science Foundation [ANT-0739444]
FX This research was supported by National Science Foundation OPP grant
ANT-0739444. We thank R. Hindmarsh and two anonymous reviewers for
helpful comments.
NR 71
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD JUL 20
PY 2010
VL 115
AR F03007
DI 10.1029/2009JF001474
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 631FY
UT WOS:000280333300002
ER
PT J
AU Nichols, JM
Link, WA
Murphy, KD
Olson, CC
AF Nichols, J. M.
Link, W. A.
Murphy, K. D.
Olson, C. C.
TI A Bayesian approach to identifying structural nonlinearity using
free-decay response: Application to damage detection in composites
SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
LA English
DT Article
ID CHAIN MONTE-CARLO; PROBABILISTIC APPROACH; SYSTEM-IDENTIFICATION;
PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; UPDATING MODELS; SIMULATION; UNCERTAINTIES
AB This work discusses a Bayesian approach to approximating the distribution of parameters governing nonlinear structural systems. Specifically, we use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method for sampling the posterior parameter distributions thus producing both point and interval estimates for parameters. The method is first used to identify both linear and nonlinear parameters in a multiple degree-of-freedom structural systems using free-decay vibrations. The approach is then applied to the problem of identifying the location, size, and depth of delamination in a model composite beam. The influence of additive Gaussian noise on the response data is explored with respect to the quality of the resulting parameter estimates. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Nichols, J. M.; Olson, C. C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Link, W. A.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Murphy, K. D.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-09-WX-2-1002]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Office of Naval Research under
contract No. N00014-09-WX-2-1002 for providing funding for this work.
NR 27
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 5
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-460X
EI 1095-8568
J9 J SOUND VIB
JI J. Sound Vibr.
PD JUL 19
PY 2010
VL 329
IS 15
BP 2995
EP 3007
DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2010.02.004
PG 13
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 595WV
UT WOS:000277645300002
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, RL
Goldstein, HL
Miller, ME
AF Reynolds, Richard L.
Goldstein, Harland L.
Miller, Mark E.
TI Atmospheric mineral dust in dryland ecosystems: Applications of
environmental magnetism
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE mineral dust; magnetite; dry lands; soil fertility; invasive plant
species; environmental magnetism
ID SOUTHEASTERN UTAH; MOJAVE-DESERT; PEDOGENIC PROCESSES; NUTRIENT INPUTS;
PLANT NUTRIENTS; CANARY-ISLANDS; WESTERN NEGEV; AIRBORNE DUST;
UNITED-STATES; AEOLIAN DUST
AB Magnetic properties of shallow (< 10-cm depth), fine-grained surficial sediments contrast greatly with those of immediately underlying bedrock across much of the dry American Southwest. At 26 study sites in fine-grained (< 63 mm) surficial sediments isolated from alluvial inputs, isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM; mean of 67 samples = 6.72 x 10(-3) Am-2 kg(-1)) is more than two orders of magnitude greater than that for underlying Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary rocks. This contrast is mainly caused by the presence of silt-size, titanium-bearing magnetite particles in the surficial deposits and their absence in bedrock. Because of their size, composition, and isolated location, the magnetite particles represent a component of atmospheric dust likely deposited over the past few centuries. The positive correlation of sediment-IRM values with amounts of potential plant nutrients reveals the importance of atmospheric dust to soil fertility over much of the American Southwest. Subsequent disturbance of landscapes, by domestic livestock grazing as an example, commonly results in wind erosion, which then depletes exposed surfaces of original aeolian magnetite and associated fine-grained sediment. Declines in soil fertility and water-holding capacity in these settings can be estimated in some field settings via decreases in magnetic susceptibility, relative to nearby undisturbed areas. Along gentle hillslope gradients of the Colorado Plateau, field measures for aeolian magnetite demonstrate that the redistribution of deposited atmospheric dust influences landscape-level patterns in the distribution of invasive exotic plant species. Our results indicate that environmental magnetism has high potential for assessing the development and degradation of dry landscapes elsewhere.
C1 [Reynolds, Richard L.; Goldstein, Harland L.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Miller, Mark E.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Kanab, UT 84741 USA.
RP Reynolds, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 980,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM rreynolds@usgs.gov
OI Goldstein, Harland/0000-0002-6092-8818
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank Joshua Feinberg, Seth Munson, Ken Kodama, and an anonymous
referee for reviews that greatly improved the manuscript. These studies
have benefited from contributions of results and ideas provided by Jayne
Belnap, Jason Neff, Daniel Fernandez, Marith Reheis, and Paul Lamothe,
as well as from encouragement by Subir Banerjee. We gratefully
acknowledge assistance in the laboratory and field by Jiang Xiao, Isla
Casteneda, Yarrow Axford, Rebecca Mann, Gary Skipp, and Eric Fisher.
This work was supported by the Global Change Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey.
NR 68
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD JUL 17
PY 2010
VL 11
AR Q07009
DI 10.1029/2010GC003103
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 627LZ
UT WOS:000280042400002
ER
PT J
AU Shelly, DR
Hardebeck, JL
AF Shelly, David R.
Hardebeck, Jeanne L.
TI Precise tremor source locations and amplitude variations along the
lower-crustal central San Andreas Fault
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; NONVOLCANIC TREMOR; SOUTHWEST JAPAN; PARKFIELD;
EARTHQUAKE; BENEATH; SUBDUCTION; HAZARD; REGION; SLIP
AB We precisely locate 88 tremor families along the central San Andreas Fault using a 3D velocity model and numerous P and S wave arrival times estimated from seismogram stacks of up to 400 events per tremor family. Maximum tremor amplitudes vary along the fault by at least a factor of 7, with by far the strongest sources along a 25 km section of the fault southeast of Parkfield. We also identify many weaker tremor families, which have largely escaped prior detection. Together, these sources extend 150 km along the fault, beneath creeping, transitional, and locked sections of the upper crustal fault. Depths are mostly between 18 and 28 km, in the lower crust. Epicenters are concentrated within 3 km of the surface trace, implying a nearly vertical fault. A prominent gap in detectible activity is located directly beneath the region of maximum slip in the 2004 magnitude 6.0 Parkfield earthquake. Citation: Shelly, D. R., and J. L. Hardebeck (2010), Precise tremor source locations and amplitude variations along the lower-crustal central San Andreas Fault, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14301, doi: 10.1029/2010GL043672.
C1 [Shelly, David R.; Hardebeck, Jeanne L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Shelly, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dshelly@usgs.gov
OI Hardebeck, Jeanne/0000-0002-6737-7780
NR 27
TC 73
Z9 74
U1 3
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 17
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L14301
DI 10.1029/2010GL043672
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 627MP
UT WOS:000280044100001
ER
PT J
AU Dittman, JA
Shanley, JB
Driscoll, CT
Aiken, GR
Chalmers, AT
Towse, JE
Selvendiran, P
AF Dittman, Jason A.
Shanley, James B.
Driscoll, Charles T.
Aiken, George R.
Chalmers, Ann T.
Towse, Janet E.
Selvendiran, Pranesh
TI Mercury dynamics in relation to dissolved organic carbon concentration
and quality during high flow events in three northeastern US streams
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID AQUATIC HUMIC SUBSTANCES; NEW-YORK; METHYLMERCURY CONCENTRATIONS;
ADIRONDACK REGION; TRANSPORT; WATER; DEPOSITION; CHEMISTRY; MATTER;
LAKES
AB Mercury (Hg) contamination is widespread in remote areas of the northeastern United States. Forested uplands have accumulated a large reservoir of Hg in soil from decades of elevated anthropogenic deposition that can be released episodically to stream water during high flows. The objective of this study was to evaluate spatial and temporal variations in stream water Hg species and organic matter fractions over a range of hydrologic conditions in three forested upland watersheds (United States). Mercury and organic matter concentrations increased with discharge at all three sites; however, the partitioning of Hg fractions (dissolved versus particulate) differed among sites and seasons. Associated with increased discharge, flow paths shifted from mineral soil under base flow to upper soil horizons. As flow paths shifted, greater concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) richer in aromatic substances were flushed from upper soil horizons to stream water. The hydrophobic organic matter associated with humic material from upper soils appears to have had a greater capacity to bind Hg. Because of the strong correlation between Hg and DOC, we hypothesize that there was a concurrent shift in the source of Hg with DOC from lower mineral soil to upper soil horizons. Our study suggests that stream discharge is an effective predictor of dissolved total Hg flux.
C1 [Dittman, Jason A.; Driscoll, Charles T.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
[Shanley, James B.; Chalmers, Ann T.] US Geol Survey, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA.
[Aiken, George R.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Towse, Janet E.] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA.
[Selvendiran, Pranesh] Limno Tech Inc, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Dittman, JA (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
EM jadittma@syr.edu
RI Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014;
OI Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890
FU Northeast States Research Consortium, U.S. Geological Survey; National
Science Foundation (NSF); Syracuse University Center of Excellence
FX Support for this study was provided by Northeast States Research
Consortium, U.S. Geological Survey WEBB program, the National Science
Foundation (NSF), and the Syracuse University Center of Excellence
through a fellowship for J. Dittman. We thank K. Butler, M. Montesdeoca,
E. Mason, and C. Fuss for their laboratory assistance. We also thank P.
McHale, S. Signell, R. Masters and the staff of the Adirondack
Ecological Center for help with sample collection, and A. Bailey for
HBEF flow data. This is a contribution of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem
Study. The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest is administered by the USDA
Forest Service and supported by the NSF Long-Term Ecological Research
program. The use of brand names is for identification purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the USGS.
NR 79
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 2
U2 41
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD JUL 17
PY 2010
VL 46
AR W07522
DI 10.1029/2009WR008351
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 627QC
UT WOS:000280054100001
ER
PT J
AU Lawrence, CR
Painter, TH
Landry, CC
Neff, JC
AF Lawrence, Corey R.
Painter, T. H.
Landry, C. C.
Neff, J. C.
TI Contemporary geochemical composition and flux of aeolian dust to the San
Juan Mountains, Colorado, United States
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; MINERAL-DUST; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; TRACE-ELEMENTS;
EOLIAN DUST; HETEROGENEOUS REACTIONS; ATMOSPHERIC DUST; DRY DEPOSITION;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; ALPINE SOILS
AB Dust deposition in the Rocky Mountains may be an important biogeochemical flux from upwind ecosystems. Seasonal (winter/spring) dust mass fluxes to the San Juan Mountains during the period from 2004 to 2008 ranged from 5 to 10 g m(-2), with individual deposition events reaching as high as 2 g m(-2). Dust deposited in the San Juan Mountains was primarily composed of silt- and clay-sized particles, indicating a regional source area. The concentrations of most major and minor elements in this dust were similar to or less than average upper continental crustal concentrations, whereas trace element concentrations were often enriched. In particular, dust collected from the San Juan Mountain snowpack was characterized by enrichments of heavy metals including As, Cu, Cd, Mo, Pb, and Zn. The mineral composition of dust partially explained dust geochemistry; however, based on results of a sequential leaching procedure it appeared that trace element enrichments were associated with the organic-, and not the mineral-, fraction of dust. Our observations show that the dust-derived fluxes of several nutrients and trace metals are substantial and, because many elements are deposited in a mobile form, could be important controls of vegetation, soil, or surface water chemistry. The flux measurements reported here are useful benchmarks for the characterization of ecosystem biogeochemical cycling in the Rocky Mountains.
C1 [Lawrence, Corey R.; Neff, J. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Painter, T. H.] Univ Colorado, Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Landry, C. C.] Ctr Snow & Avalanche Studies, Silverton, CO 81433 USA.
[Neff, J. C.] Univ Colorado, Environm Studies Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Lawrence, CR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 962, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM clawrence@usgs.gov
RI Neff, Jason/A-1211-2012; Lawrence, Corey/F-4742-2014; Painter,
Thomas/B-7806-2016;
OI Lawrence, Corey/0000-0002-0219-9610; NEFF, JASON/0000-0002-8290-1472
FU A. W. Mellon Foundation; U.S. National Science Foundation [ATM-0432327,
ATM-0431955, DEB-0808535]; Geological Society of America; Colorado
Mountain Club
FX This project was partially supported by an A. W. Mellon Foundation grant
to J.C.N., two U.S. National Science Foundation grants to T. H. P.
(ATM-0432327 and ATM-0431955), and a U.S. National Science Foundation
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant to C. R. L. (DEB-0808535).
Additional research support was provided to C. R. L. by the Geological
Society of America and the Colorado Mountain Club. The University of
Colorado Laboratory of Environmental and Geological Studies and the U.S.
Geological Survey Earth Surface Dynamics Program provided assistance
with ICP and particle size analyses, respectively. We would like to
acknowledge the constructive feedback of two anonymous reviewers, whose
suggestions have greatly improved the quality of this work. We also
thank S. Castle, E. Costello, G. L. Farmer, R. Reynolds, and E.
Verplanck for field, laboratory, and/or technical assistance during the
course of this project.
NR 96
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 25
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD JUL 16
PY 2010
VL 115
AR G03007
DI 10.1029/2009JG001077
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 627NX
UT WOS:000280047700003
ER
PT J
AU Woodruff, LG
Cannon, WF
AF Woodruff, Laurel G.
Cannon, William F.
TI Immediate and Long-Term Fire Effects on Total Mercury in Forests Soils
of Northeastern Minnesota
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACADIA NATIONAL-PARK; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; EARTHWORM INVASION;
ORGANIC-CARBON; USA; WATERSHEDS; MAINE; LAKES; METHYLMERCURY; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Within the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness in northeastern Minnesota, soils were collected from 116 sites in areas of primarily virgin forest with fire-origin stand years (year of last recognizable stand-killing wildfire) that range from the 1759 to 1976. Median concentrations for total mercury in soils for this span of 217 years range from 0.28 +/- 0.088 ppm (1759) to 0.09 +/- 0.047 ppm (1976) for A-horizon soils and from 0.23 +/- 0.062 ppm (1759) to 0.09 +/- 0.018 ppm (1976) for O-horizon soils. A separate study of soils collected from 30 sites within an area that burned in a 2004 wildfire at Voyageurs National Park, northern Minnesota, suggested that high soil burn severity resulted in significant mercury loss from both organic and mineral soils. Integrated data from these two studies and additional regional soil data demonstrate that older forests have progressively higher mercury concentrations in O-horizon soils (r(2) = 0.423) and A-horizon soils (r(2) = 0.456). These results support the hypotheses that an important factor for mercury concentrations in forest soils is time since stand-replacing fire and that high soil burn severity has the potential to reduce the concentration of mercury in burned soils for tens to hundreds of years.
C1 [Woodruff, Laurel G.] US Geol Survey, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA.
US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Woodruff, LG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2280 Woodale Dr, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA.
EM woodruff@usgs.gov
NR 42
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 31
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 14
BP 5371
EP 5376
DI 10.1021/es100544d
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 623NF
UT WOS:000279747100013
PM 20553021
ER
PT J
AU Ona-Nguema, G
Morin, G
Wang, YH
Foster, AL
Juillot, F
Calas, G
Brown, GE
AF Ona-Nguema, Georges
Morin, Guillaume
Wang, Yuheng
Foster, Andrea L.
Juillot, Farid
Calas, Georges
Brown, Gordon E., Jr.
TI XANES Evidence for Rapid Arsenic(III) Oxidation at Magnetite and
Ferrihydrite Surfaces by Dissolved O-2 via Fe2+-Mediated Reactions
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FENTON REAGENT GENERATION; ZERO-VALENT IRON; HYDROXYCARBONATE GREEN
RUST; AS(III) OXIDATION; PH-DEPENDENCE; AERATED WATER; ZEROVALENT IRON;
ARSENATE ADSORPTION; ARSENITE SORPTION; GROUND-WATER
AB To reduce the adverse effects of arsenic on humans, various technologies are used to remove arsenic from groundwater, most relying on As adsorption on Fe-(oxyhydr)oxides and concomitant oxidation of As(III) by dissolved O-2. This reaction can be catalyzed by microbial activity or by strongly oxidizing radical species known to form upon oxidation of Fe(II) by dissolved O-2. Such catalyzed oxidation reactions have been invoked to explain the enhanced kinetics of As(III) oxidation in aerated water, in the presence of zerovalent iron or dissolved Fe(II). In the present study, we used arsenic K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to investigate the role of Fe(II) in the oxidation of As(III) at the surface of magnetite and ferrihydrite under oxygenated conditions. Our results show rapid oxidation of As(III) to As(V) upon sorption onto magnetite under oxic conditions at neutral pH. Moreover, under similar oxic conditions, As(III) oxidized upon sorption onto ferrihydrite only after addition of Fe(II), within the investigated time frame of 24 h. These results confirm that Fe(II) is able to catalyze As(III) oxidation in the presence of dissolved O-2 and suggest that oxidation of As(III) upon sorption on magnetite under oxic conditions can be explained by an Fe2+-mediated Fenton-like reactions. Thus, the present study shows that magnetite might be an efficient alternative to the current use of oxidants and Fe(II) to remove As from aerated water. In addition, this study emphasizes that special care is needed to preserve arsenic oxidation state during laboratory sorption experiments as well as in collecting As-bearing samples from natural environments.
C1 [Ona-Nguema, Georges; Morin, Guillaume; Wang, Yuheng; Juillot, Farid; Calas, Georges] Univ Paris 07, Univ Paris 06, CNRS, IMPMC,UMR 7590,IPGP IRD, F-75015 Paris, France.
[Foster, Andrea L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Brown, Gordon E., Jr.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Brown, Gordon E., Jr.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Photon Sci & Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lig, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Ona-Nguema, G (reprint author), Univ Paris 07, Univ Paris 06, CNRS, IMPMC,UMR 7590,IPGP IRD, 140 Rue Lourmel, F-75015 Paris, France.
EM georges.ona-nguema@impmc.upmc.fr
RI Calas, Georges/B-2445-2012; Wang, Yuheng/K-3988-2012; JUILLOT,
Farid/G-7943-2016
OI Calas, Georges/0000-0003-0525-5734; Wang, Yuheng/0000-0002-1786-5970;
FU ECCO/ECODYN; RITEAU/MINEFI; ACI/ENS [3033]; SESAME [1775]; NSF-EMSI
[CHE-0431425]
FX We are indebted to the SSRL staff, especially the SSRL Biotechnology
Group, as well as to J.R. Bargar (SSRL) for their technical assistance
during the experiments at SSRL. This work was supported by the
ECCO/ECODYN CNRS/INSU Program, by the RITEAU/MINEFI program, by ACI/ENS
grant 3033, by SESAME IdF grant 1775, and by NSF-EMSI grant CHE-0431425
(Stanford Environmental Molecular Science Institute).
NR 57
TC 62
Z9 63
U1 11
U2 105
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 14
BP 5416
EP 5422
DI 10.1021/es1000616
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 623NF
UT WOS:000279747100020
PM 20666402
ER
PT J
AU Hung, HW
Lin, TF
Chiou, CT
AF Hung, Hsu-Wen
Lin, Tsar-Fuh
Chiou, Cary T.
TI Partition Coefficients of Organic Contaminants with Carbohydrates
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; WATER SOLUBILITY; SORPTION;
PHENANTHRENE; POLLUTANTS; PREDICTION; CELLULOSE; SYSTEMS; MATTER; MODEL
AB In view of the current lack of reliable partition coefficients for organic compounds with carbohydrates (K(ch)), carefully measured values with cellulose and starch, the two major forms of carbohydrates, are provided for a wide range of compounds: short-chain chlorinated hydrocarbons, halogenated benzenes, alkyl benzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine pesticides. To ensure the accuracy of the K(ch) data, solute concentrations in both water and carbohydrate phases are measured by direct solvent extraction of the samples. For a given compound, the observed partition coefficient with cellulose (K(cl)) is virtually the same as that with starch (K(st)). This finding expedites the evaluation of organic contamination with different forms of carbohydrates. The presently determined K(ch), values of 13 PAHs are substantially lower (by 3-66 times) than the literature data; the latter are suspect as they were obtained with (i) presumably impure carbohydrate samples or (ii) indirectly measured equilibrium solute concentrations in carbohydrate and water phases. Although the K(ch) values are generally considerably lower than the respective K(ow) (octanol-water) or K(lipid) (lipid-water), accurate K(ch) data are duly required to accurately estimate the contamination of carbohydrates by organic compounds because of the abundance of carbohydrates over lipids in crops and plants. To overcome the current lack of reliable K(ch) data for organic compounds, a close correlation of log K(ch) with log K(ow) has been established for predicting the unavailable K(ch) data for low-polarity compounds.
C1 [Hung, Hsu-Wen; Lin, Tsar-Fuh; Chiou, Cary T.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
[Hung, Hsu-Wen; Lin, Tsar-Fuh; Chiou, Cary T.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Sustainable Environm Res Ctr, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
[Chiou, Cary T.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Chiou, CT (reprint author), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
EM carychio@mail.ncku.edu.tw
RI Lin, Tsair-Fuh/C-4056-2008; Chiou, Cary/C-3203-2013
OI Lin, Tsair-Fuh/0000-0002-2439-9090;
FU National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC 97-2221-E-006-039-MY2]; National
Cheng Kung University [B-020]
FX This work is supported in part by the National Science Council of Taiwan
(NSC 97-2221-E-006-039-MY2) and the National Cheng Kung University
Landmark Project (B-020). We thank Prof. Milton Manes for valuable
comments and discussion and Ms. Chin-Fang Tsai and Mr. Chien-Te Lu for
their technical assistance.
NR 17
TC 17
Z9 22
U1 6
U2 49
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 14
BP 5430
EP 5436
DI 10.1021/es1004413
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 623NF
UT WOS:000279747100022
PM 20568740
ER
PT J
AU Tipper, ET
Gaillardet, J
Louvat, P
Capmas, F
White, AF
AF Tipper, Edward T.
Gaillardet, Jerome
Louvat, Pascale
Capmas, Francoise
White, Art F.
TI Mg isotope constraints on soil pore-fluid chemistry: Evidence from Santa
Cruz, California
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMICAL-WEATHERING RATES; CHLORIDE-RETENTION; MAGNESIUM ISOTOPES;
GRANITIC ALLUVIUM; PLANT-GROWTH; FOREST SOIL; PUERTO-RICO; LONG-TERM;
ICP-MS; FRACTIONATION
AB Mg isotope ratios ((26)Mg/(24)Mg) are reported in soil pore-fluids, rain and seawater, grass and smectite from a 90 kyr old soil, developed on an uplifted marine terrace from Santa Cruz, California. Rain water has an invariant (26)Mg/(24)Mg m ratio (expressed as delta(26)Mg) at -0.79 +/- 0.05 parts per thousand, identical to seawater delta(26)Mg. Detrital smectite (from the base of the soil profile, and therefore unweathered) has a delta(26)Mg value of 0.11 parts per thousand, potentially enriched in (26)Mg by up to 0.3 parts per thousand to the bulk silicate Earth Mg isotope composition (although within the range of all terrestrial silicates). The soil pore-waters show a continuous profile with depth for delta(26)Mg, ranging from -0.99 parts per thousand near the surface to -0.43 parts per thousand at the base of the profile. Shallow pore-waters (<1 m) have delta(26)Mg values that are similar to, or slightly lower than the rain waters. This implies that the degree of biological cycling of Mg in the pore-waters is relatively small and is quantified as <32%, calculated using the average Mg isotope enrichment factor between grass and rain (delta(26)Mg(grass) - delta(26)Mg(rain)) of 0.21 parts per thousand. The deep pore-waters (1-15 m deep) have delta(26)Mg values that are intermediate between the smectite and rain, ranging from -0.76 parts per thousand to -0.43 parts per thousand, and show a similar trend with depth compared to Sr isotope ratios. The similarity between Sr and Mg isotope ratios confirms that the Mg in the pore-waters can be explained by a mixture between rain and smectite derived Mg, despite the fact that Mg and Sr concentrations may be buffered by the exchangeable reservoir. However, whilst Sr isotope ratios in the pore-waters span almost the complete range between mineral and rain inputs, Mg isotopes compositions are much closer to the rain inputs. If Mg and Sr isotope ratios are controlled uniquely by a mixture, the data can be used to estimate the mineral weathering inputs to the pore-waters, by correcting for the rain inputs. This isotopic correction is compared to the commonly used chloride correction for precipitation inputs. A consistent interpretation is only possible if Mg isotope ratios are fractionated either by the precipitation of a secondary Mg bearing phase, not detected by conventional methods, or selective leaching of (24)Mg from smectite. There is therefore dual control on the Mg isotopic composition of the pore-waters, mixing of two inputs with distinct isotopic compositions, modified by fractionation. The data provide (1) further evidence for Mg isotope fractionation at the surface of the Earth and (2) the first field evidence of Mg isotope fractionation during uptake by natural plants. The coherent behaviour of Mg isotope ratios in soil environments is encouraging for the development of Mg isotope ratios as a quantitative tracer of both weathering inputs of Mg to waters, and the physicochemical processes that cycle Mg, a major cation linked to the carbon cycle, during continental weathering. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tipper, Edward T.; Gaillardet, Jerome; Louvat, Pascale; Capmas, Francoise] Sorbonne Paris Cite Univ, Inst Phys Globe Paris, F-75252 Paris, France.
[Tipper, Edward T.; Gaillardet, Jerome; Louvat, Pascale; Capmas, Francoise] CNRS, F-75252 Paris, France.
[White, Art F.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Tipper, Edward T.] ETH, Inst Isotopengeol & Mineral Rohstoffe, CH-8052 Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Tipper, ET (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England.
EM ett20@esc.cam.ac.uk
RI GAILLARDET, Jerome/F-9096-2010; Louvat, Pascale/E-8907-2017
OI GAILLARDET, Jerome/0000-0001-7982-1159; Louvat,
Pascale/0000-0003-1972-0633
FU Marie-Curie Inter-European-Fellowship at ETH Zurich
FX Edward Tipper was supported by a Marie-Curie Inter-European-Fellowship
at ETH Zurich for research on global budgets of Ca and Mg. Helpful
discussions are acknowledged with Damien Calmels, Tom Sullen, Emmanuel
Lemarchand, Gregory Da Souza, Ruth Hindshaw, Kate Maher, Heather Buss,
Albert Galy, Sarah Aciego, Josh West, Jean Louis Birck, Gerard Manhes,
Julien Bouchez and Benoit Dubacq. The manuscript benefitted from the
reviews of P. Tomascak, D. Vance (Associate Editor) and two anonymous
reviewers. This is IPGP contribution number 2640.
NR 59
TC 53
Z9 55
U1 8
U2 31
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 14
BP 3883
EP 3896
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.04.021
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 613KD
UT WOS:000278977100003
ER
PT J
AU Stannard, DI
Paul, WT
Laws, R
Poeter, EP
AF Stannard, David I.
Paul, William T.
Laws, Roy
Poeter, Eileen P.
TI Consumptive use and resulting leach-field water budget of a mountain
residence
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Evapotranspiration; Evaporation; Consumptive use; Domestic water supply;
Leach-field return flow; Wastewater effluent
ID MODELING SURFACE CONDUCTANCE; CANOPY CONDUCTANCE; SEPTIC SYSTEM;
TRANSPIRATION; FOREST; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; SCALE; ZONE; FATE
AB Consumptive use of water in a dispersed rural community has important implications for maximum housing density and its effects on sustainability of groundwater withdrawals. Recent rapid growth in Colorado, USA has stressed groundwater supplies in some areas, thereby increasing scrutiny of approximate methods developed there more than 30 years ago to estimate consumptive use that are still used today. A foothills residence was studied during a 2-year period to estimate direct and indirect water losses. Direct losses are those from evaporation inside the home, plus any outdoor use. Indirect loss is evapotranspiration (ET) from the residential leach-field in excess of ET from the immediately surrounding terrain. Direct losses were 18.7% of water supply to the home, substantially larger than estimated historically in Colorado. A new approach was developed to estimate indirect loss, using chamber methods together with the Penman-Monteith model. Indirect loss was only 0.9% of water supply, but this value probably was anomalously low due to a recurring leach-field malfunction. Resulting drainage beneath the leach-field was 80.4% of water supply. Guidelines are given to apply the same methodology at other sites and combine results with a survey of leach-fields in an area to obtain more realistic average values of ET losses. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Stannard, David I.] US Geol Survey, Water Resources Discipline, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Paul, William T.; Poeter, Eileen P.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Laws, Roy] Environm Hlth Serv Div, Jefferson Cty Dept Hlth & Environm, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Stannard, DI (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Water Resources Discipline, Box 25046, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM distanna@usgs.gov; william.t.paul@gmail.com; rlaws@co.jefferson.co.us;
epoeter@mines.edu
FU EPA Regional Grant Initiative [MM9883501]
FX Some of this work was supported under EPA Regional Grant Initiative
MM9883501. The authors wish to thank the homeowners for their cheerful
cooperation in this study; Jean Reince and Janet Bell (Jefferson County
Planning and Zoning) for their leadership in obtaining the EPA grant;
James Dale, Victor Fenhaus, and John Moody (Jefferson County Dept.
Health and Environment) for technical and on-site assistance; and
William Schroeder (EPA), Raymond Johnson (USGS), and Patrick O'Connell
and Kyle Cotton (Jefferson County Planning and Zoning) for on-site
assistance.
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 388
IS 3-4
BP 335
EP 349
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.05.012
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 627FK
UT WOS:000280024700014
ER
PT J
AU Selkowitz, DJ
AF Selkowitz, David J.
TI A comparison of multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal remote
sensing datasets for fractional shrub canopy mapping in Arctic Alaska
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Remote sensing; Arctic; Shrubs; MISR; MODIS; Landsat
ID IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER MISR; NORTHERN ALASKA; UNITED-STATES; SOIL-PH;
VEGETATION; LAND; COVER; TUNDRA; MODIS; CLIMATE
AB Shrub cover appears to be increasing across many areas of the Arctic tundra biome, and increasing shrub cover in the Arctic has the potential to significantly impact global carbon budgets and the global climate system. For most of the Arctic, however, there is no existing baseline inventory of shrub canopy cover, as existing maps of Arctic vegetation provide little information about the density of shrub cover at a moderate spatial resolution across the region. Remotely-sensed fractional shrub canopy maps can provide this necessary baseline inventory of shrub cover. In this study, we compare the accuracy of fractional shrub canopy (>0.5 m tall) maps derived from multi-spectral, multi-angular, and multi-temporal datasets from Landsat imagery at 30 m spatial resolution, Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) imagery at 250 m and 500 m spatial resolution, and MultiAngle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) imagery at 275 m spatial resolution for a 1067 km(2) study area in Arctic Alaska. The study area is centered at 69 degrees N, ranges in elevation from 130 to 770 m, is composed primarily of rolling topography with gentle slopes less than 10, and is free of glaciers and perennial snow cover. Shrubs >0.5 m in height cover 2.9% of the study area and are primarily confined to patches associated with specific landscape features. Reference fractional shrub canopy is determined from in situ shrub canopy measurements and a high spatial resolution IKONOS image swath. Regression tree models are constructed to estimate fractional canopy cover at 250 m using different combinations of input data from Landsat, MODIS, and MISR. Results indicate that multi-spectral data provide substantially more accurate estimates of fractional shrub canopy cover than multi-angular or multi-temporal data. Higher spatial resolution datasets also provide more accurate estimates of fractional shrub canopy cover (aggregated to moderate spatial resolutions) than lower spatial resolution datasets, an expected result for a study area where most shrub cover is concentrated in narrow patches associated with rivers, drainages, and slopes. Including the middle infrared bands available from Landsat and MODIS in the regression tree models (in addition to the four standard visible and near-infrared spectral bands) typically results in a slight boost in accuracy. Including the multi-angular red band data available from MISR in the regression tree models, however, typically boosts accuracy more substantially, resulting in moderate resolution fractional shrub canopy estimates approaching the accuracy of estimates derived from the much higher spatial resolution Landsat sensor. Given the poor availability of snow and cloud-free Landsat scenes in many areas of the Arctic and the promising results demonstrated here by the MISR sensor, MISR may be the best choice for large area fractional shrub canopy mapping in the Alaskan Arctic for the period 2000-2009. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Selkowitz, DJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM dselkowitz@usgs.gov
NR 55
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 114
IS 7
BP 1338
EP 1352
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.012
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 598ZI
UT WOS:000277878900002
ER
PT J
AU Yuan, WP
Liu, SG
Yu, GR
Bonnefond, JM
Chen, JQ
Davis, K
Desai, AR
Goldstein, AH
Gianelle, D
Rossi, F
Suyker, AE
Verma, SB
AF Yuan, Wenping
Liu, Shuguang
Yu, Guirui
Bonnefond, Jean-Marc
Chen, Jiquan
Davis, Ken
Desai, Ankur R.
Goldstein, Allen H.
Gianelle, Damiano
Rossi, Federica
Suyker, Andrew E.
Verma, Shashi B.
TI Global estimates of evapotranspiration and gross primary production
based on MODIS and global meteorology data
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Gross primary production; Evapotranspiration; EC-LUE model; RS-PM model;
Eddy covariance
ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; TERRESTRIAL PRIMARY PRODUCTION; LIGHT-USE
EFFICIENCY; CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; WATER-VAPOR
EXCHANGE; BEER-LAMBERT LAW; DECIDUOUS FOREST; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY;
CO2 EXCHANGE
AB The simulation of gross primary production (GPP) at various spatial and temporal scales remains a major challenge for quantifying the global carbon cycle. We developed a light use efficiency model, called EC-LUE, driven by only four variables: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), air temperature, and the Bowen ratio of sensible to latent heat flux. The EC-LUE model may have the most potential to adequately address the spatial and temporal dynamics of GPP because its parameters (i.e., the potential light use efficiency and optimal plant growth temperature) are invariant across the various land cover types. However, the application of the previous EC-LUE model was hampered by poor prediction of Bowen ratio at the large spatial scale. In this study, we substituted the Bowen ratio with the ratio of evapotranspiration (ET) to net radiation, and revised the RS-PM (Remote Sensing-Penman Monteith) model for quantifying ET. Fifty-four eddy covariance towers, including various ecosystem types, were selected to calibrate and validate the revised RS-PM and EC-LUE models. The revised RS-PM model explained 82% and 68% of the observed variations of ET for all the calibration and validation sites, respectively. Using estimated ET as input, the EC-LUE model performed well in calibration and validation sites, explaining 75% and 61% of the observed GPP variation for calibration and validation sites respectively. Global patterns of ET and GPP at a spatial resolution of 0.5 degrees latitude by 0.6 degrees longitude during the years 2000 2003 were determined using the global MERRA dataset (Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications) and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). The global estimates of ET and GPP agreed well with the other global models from the literature, with the highest ET and GPP over tropical forests and the lowest values in dry and high latitude areas. However, comparisons with observed GPP at eddy flux towers showed significant underestimation of ET and GPP due to lower net radiation of MERRA dataset. Applying a procedure to correct the systematic errors of global meteorological data would improve global estimates of GPP and ET. The revised RS-PM and EC-LUE models will provide the alternative approaches making it possible to map ET and GPP over large areas because (1) the model parameters are invariant across various land cover types and (2) all driving forces of the models may be derived from remote sensing data or existing climate observation networks. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yuan, Wenping] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Shuguang] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Liu, Shuguang] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Yu, Guirui] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Chinese Ecosyst Res Network,Synth Res Ctr, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Bonnefond, Jean-Marc] INRA, EPHYSE, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France.
[Chen, Jiquan] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Davis, Ken] Penn State Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Desai, Ankur R.] Univ Wisconsin, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Dept, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Gianelle, Damiano] Fdn Edmund Mach, IASMA Res & Innovat Ctr, I-38100 Trento, Italy.
[Rossi, Federica] CNR, IBIMET, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Suyker, Andrew E.; Verma, Shashi B.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Yuan, WP (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
EM wenpingyuancn@yahoo.com; yugr@igsnrr.ac.cn
RI Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; 于,
贵瑞/C-1768-2014; Desai, Ankur/A-5899-2008; Gianelle, Damiano/G-9437-2011
OI Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041;
Gianelle, Damiano/0000-0001-7697-5793
FU National Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China [2010CB800504,
2009AA122101]; Global Modeling and Assimilation Office
FX We acknowledge the financial support from National Key Basic Research
and Development Plan of China (2010CB800504 and 2009AA122101) and the
Global Modeling and Assimilation Office.
NR 98
TC 132
Z9 145
U1 16
U2 133
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 114
IS 7
BP 1416
EP 1431
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.022
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 598ZI
UT WOS:000277878900008
ER
PT J
AU Barrett, K
Kasischke, ES
McGuire, AD
Turetsky, MR
Kane, ES
AF Barrett, K.
Kasischke, E. S.
McGuire, A. D.
Turetsky, M. R.
Kane, E. S.
TI Modeling fire severity in black spruce stands in the Alaskan boreal
forest using spectral and non-spectral geospatial data
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Boreal forest; Fire severity; Alaska; Regression tree; Boosting
ID NORMALIZED BURN RATIO; CORRELATION IMAGE-ANALYSIS; 1988 YELLOWSTONE
FIRES; INTERIOR ALASKA; LANDSAT TM; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NATIONAL-PARK;
CARBON; CANADA; CLASSIFICATION
AB Biomass burning in the Alaskan interior is already a major disturbance and source of carbon emissions, and is likely to increase in response to the warming and drying predicted for the future climate. In addition to quantifying changes to the spatial and temporal patterns of burned areas, observing variations in severity is the key to studying the impact of changes to the fire regime on carbon cycling, energy budgets, and post-fire succession. Remote sensing indices of fire severity have not consistently been well-correlated with in situ observations of important severity characteristics in Alaskan black spruce stands, including depth of burning of the surface organic layer. The incorporation of ancillary data such as in situ observations and GIS layers with spectral data from Landsat TM/ETM+ greatly improved efforts to map the reduction of the organic layer in burned black spruce stands. Using a regression tree approach, the R-2 of the organic layer depth reduction models was 0.60 and 0.55 (p<0.01) for relative and absolute depth reduction, respectively. All of the independent variables used by the regression tree to estimate burn depth can be obtained independently of field observations. Implementation of a gradient boosting algorithm improved the R-2 to 0.80 and 0.79 (p<0.01) for absolute and relative organic layer depth reduction, respectively. Independent variables used in the regression tree model of burn depth included topographic position, remote sensing indices related to soil and vegetation characteristics, timing of the fire event, and meteorological data. Post-fire organic layer depth characteristics are determined for a large (>200,000 ha) fire to identify areas that are potentially vulnerable to a shift in post-fire succession. This application showed that 12% of this fire event experienced fire severe enough to support a change in post-fire succession. We conclude that non-parametric models and ancillary data are useful in the modeling of the surface organic layer fire depth. Because quantitative differences in post-fire surface characteristics do not directly influence spectral properties, these modeling techniques provide better information than the use of remote sensing data alone. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Barrett, K.] USGS Alaska Geog Sci Off, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Kasischke, E. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[McGuire, A. D.] Univ Alaska, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, USGS, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Turetsky, M. R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Kane, E. S.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
RP Barrett, K (reprint author), USGS Alaska Geog Sci Off, 4230 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK USA.
EM kbarrett@usgs.gov
RI Turetsky, Merritt/B-1255-2013
FU U.S. Geological Survey; National Aeronautics and Space Administration
[NNG04GD25G, NNX06AF85G]; USFS [PNW01-JV11261952-231]
FX The research presented in this manuscript was supported by the U.S.
Geological Survey by a Mendenhall Fellowship to K.B. Support was
provided to E.K. through grants from the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (Grant numbers NNG04GD25G and NNX06AF85G) and the Bonanza
Creek Long-Term Ecological Research program (USFS grant number
PNW01-JV11261952-231 and NSF grant number DEB-0080609).
NR 91
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U1 2
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 114
IS 7
BP 1494
EP 1503
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2010.02.001
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 598ZI
UT WOS:000277878900014
ER
PT J
AU Byappanahalli, MN
Whitman, RL
Shively, DA
Nevers, MB
AF Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.
Whitman, Richard L.
Shively, Dawn A.
Nevers, Meredith B.
TI Linking non-culturable (qPCR) and culturable enterococci densities with
hydrometeorological conditions
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Beach; Great Lakes; Indicator bacteria; Recreational water quality;
Predictive modeling; Rapid methods
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI CONCENTRATIONS; SOUTHERN LAKE-MICHIGAN; RECREATIONAL
WATER-QUALITY; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; NEARSHORE WATER; BEACH;
CLOSURES; ILLNESS; SAND
AB Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) measurement of enterococci has been proposed as a rapid technique for assessment of beach water quality, but the response of qPCR results to environmental conditions has not been fully explored. Culture-based E. coli and enterococci have been used in empirical predictive models to characterize their responses to environmental conditions and to increase monitoring frequency and efficiency. This approach has been attempted with qPCR results only in few studies. During the summer of 2006, water samples were collected from two southern Lake Michigan beaches and the nearby river outfall (Burns Ditch) and were analyzed for enterococci by culture-based and non-culture-based (i.e., qPCR) methods, as well as culture-based E. coli. Culturable enterococci densities (log CFU/100 ml) for the beaches were significantly correlated with enterococci qPCR cell equivalents (CE) (R=0.650, P<0.0001, N=32). Enterococci CE and CFU densities were highest in Burns Ditch relative to the beach sites; however, only CFUs were significantly higher (P<0.0001). Culturable enterococci densities at Burns Ditch and the beaches were significantly correlated (R=0.565, P<0.0001, N=32). Culturable E. coli and enterococci densities were significantly correlated (R=0.682, P<0.0001, N=32). Regression analyses suggested that enterococci CFU could be predicted by lake turbidity, Burns Ditch discharge, and wind direction (adjusted R-2=0.608); enterococci CE was best predicted by Burns Ditch discharge and log-transformed lake turbidity x wave height (adjusted R-2=0.40). In summary, our results show that analytically, the qPCR method compares well to the non-culture-based method for measuring enterococci densities in beach water and that both these approaches can be predicted by hydrometeorological conditions. Selected predictors and model results highlight the differences between the environmental responses of the two method endpoints and the potentially high variance in qPCR results. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.; Whitman, Richard L.; Shively, Dawn A.; Nevers, Meredith B.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
RP Byappanahalli, MN (reprint author), 1100 N Mineral Springs Rd, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
EM byappan@usgs.gov
OI Nevers, Meredith/0000-0001-6963-6734; Shively, Dawn/0000-0002-6119-924X
FU Indiana Department of Environmental Management; USGS
FX Special thanks to Nathan Pavlovic for help with sample preparation. We
thank Lisa Fogarty, Sheridan Haack, and Richard Haugland who provided
insights and discussion. This research was supported by funding from the
Indiana Department of Environmental Management and the USGS Ocean
Research Priorities Plan. This paper is Contribution 1586 of the USGS
Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 39
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 408
IS 16
BP 3096
EP 3101
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.04.051
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 623VM
UT WOS:000279773200006
PM 20546850
ER
PT J
AU Clift, PD
Carter, A
Draut, AE
Van Long, H
Schouten, HA
AF Clift, Peter D.
Carter, Andrew
Draut, Amy E.
Van Long, Hoang
Schouten, Hans A.
TI Reply to Comment on "Detrital U-Pb zircon dating of lower Ordovician
syn-arc-continent collision conglomerates in the Irish Caledonides" by
Peter D. Clift, Andrew Carter, Amy E. Draut, Hoang Van Long, David M.
Chew, Hans A. Schouten, Tectonophysics 479 (2009), 165-174
(doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.07.018)
SO TECTONOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID WESTERN IRELAND; GRAMPIAN OROGENY; MOINE SUPERGROUP; CONSTRAINTS;
CONNEMARA; GEOCHRONOLOGY; PROVENANCE; SCOTLAND; ROCKS; AGE
C1 [Clift, Peter D.; Van Long, Hoang] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Geosci, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland.
[Carter, Andrew] Univ London, Sch Earth Sci, London WC1E 7HX, England.
[Draut, Amy E.] USGS Pacific Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Schouten, Hans A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Clift, PD (reprint author), Univ Aberdeen, Sch Geosci, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland.
EM pclift@abdn.ac.uk
RI Clift, Peter/A-8972-2012
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0040-1951
J9 TECTONOPHYSICS
JI Tectonophysics
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 490
IS 1-2
BP 138
EP 139
DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2010.04.031
PG 2
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 631UN
UT WOS:000280375300014
ER
PT J
AU Larson, KM
Poland, M
Miklius, A
AF Larson, Kristine M.
Poland, Michael
Miklius, Asta
TI Volcano monitoring using GPS: Developing data analysis strategies based
on the June 2007 Kilauea Volcano intrusion and eruption
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; SATELLITE RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; ORBIT
DETERMINATION; PRECIPITABLE WATER; HAWAII; DEFORMATION; DELAY; FLANK;
EARTHQUAKES; RESOLUTION
AB The global positioning system (GPS) is one of the most common techniques, and the current state of the art, used to monitor volcano deformation. In addition to slow (several centimeters per year) displacement rates, GPS can be used to study eruptions and intrusions that result in much larger (tens of centimeters over hours-days) displacements. It is challenging to resolve precise positions using GPS at subdaily time intervals because of error sources such as multipath and atmospheric refraction. In this paper, the impact of errors due to multipath and atmospheric refraction at subdaily periods is examined using data from the GPS network on Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i. Methods for filtering position estimates to enhance precision are both simulated and tested on data collected during the June 2007 intrusion and eruption. Comparisons with tiltmeter records show that GPS instruments can precisely recover the timing of the activity.
C1 [Larson, Kristine M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Poland, Michael; Miklius, Asta] Hawaiian Volcano Observ, USGS, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
RP Larson, KM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM kristinem.larson@gmail.com; asta@usgs.gov
FU CU; NSF [EAR0337206, EAR0538116]; USGS; NASA
FX K. L. would like to acknowledge support from a CU Faculty Fellowship,
NSF (EAR0337206 and EAR0538116), and conversations with Mike Lisowski.
Reviews from Thora Arnodottir, Dan Dzurisin, John Langbein, and Susan
Owen helped us improve the paper. The Kilauea GPS network is supported
by grants from the USGS, NSF, and NASA. The GPS network is operated in
collaboration by the USGS, Stanford University (PI: Paul Segall), and
Pacific GPS Facility at the University of Hawai'i (PI: Benjamin Brooks).
GPS RINEX data are archived at UNAVCO.
NR 49
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JUL 13
PY 2010
VL 115
AR B07406
DI 10.1029/2009JB007022
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 627OH
UT WOS:000280048700006
ER
PT J
AU Montgomery-Brown, EK
Sinnett, DK
Poland, M
Segall, P
Orr, T
Zebker, H
Miklius, A
AF Montgomery-Brown, E. K.
Sinnett, D. K.
Poland, M.
Segall, P.
Orr, T.
Zebker, H.
Miklius, A.
TI Geodetic evidence for en echelon dike emplacement and concurrent slow
slip during the June 2007 intrusion and eruption at Kilauea volcano,
Hawaii
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID EAST RIFT-ZONE; SOUTH FLANK; FAULT SLIP; EARTHQUAKES; GPS; DEFORMATION;
INVERSION; ISLANDS; SYSTEMS; EVENTS
AB A series of complex events at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, 17 June to 19 June 2007, began with an intrusion in the upper east rift zone (ERZ) and culminated with a small eruption (1500 m(3)). Surface deformation due to the intrusion was recorded in unprecedented detail by Global Positioning System (GPS) and tilt networks as well as interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data acquired by the ENVISAT and ALOS satellites. A joint nonlinear inversion of GPS, tilt, and InSAR data yields a deflationary source beneath the summit caldera and an ENE-striking uniform-opening dislocation with similar to 2 m opening, a dip of similar to 80 degrees to the south, and extending from the surface to similar to 2 km depth. This simple model reasonably fits the overall pattern of deformation but significantly misfits data near the western end of an inferred dike-like source. Three more complex dike models are tested that allow for distributed opening including (1) a dike that follows the surface trace of the active rift zone, (2) a dike that follows the symmetry axis of InSAR deformation, and (3) two en echelon dike segments beneath mapped surface cracks and newly formed steaming areas. The en echelon dike model best fits near-field GPS and tilt data. Maximum opening of 2.4 m occurred on the eastern segment beneath the eruptive vent. Although this model represents the best fit to the ERZ data, it still fails to explain data from a coastal tiltmeter and GPS sites on Kilauea's southwestern flank. The southwest flank GPS sites and the coastal tiltmeter exhibit deformation consistent with observations of previous slow slip events beneath Kilauea's south flank, but inconsistent with observations of previous intrusions. Slow slip events at Kilauea and elsewhere are thought to occur in a transition zone between locked and stably sliding zones of a fault. An inversion including slip on a basal decollement improves fit to these data and suggests a maximum of similar to 15 cm of seaward fault motion, comparable to previous slow-slip events.
C1 [Montgomery-Brown, E. K.; Sinnett, D. K.; Segall, P.; Zebker, H.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Poland, M.; Orr, T.; Miklius, A.] US Geol Survey, Hawaii Volcano Observ, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
RP Montgomery-Brown, EK (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, 397 Panama Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM emilymb1@gmail.com; dsinnett@stanford.edu
OI Montgomery-Brown, Emily/0000-0001-6787-2055
FU USGS; National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA)
FX The Kilauea GPS network is supported by grants from the USGS, NSF, and
NASA. The GPS network is operated in collaboration by the USGS, Stanford
University, and Pacific GPS Facility at the University of Hawai'i. GPS
RINEX data are archived at UNAVCO. We would like to thank D. Swanson and
J. R. Murray for extensive comments on the initial manuscript. Some of
the data used in this study were collected using instruments installed
as part of an National Science Foundation Small Grant for Exploratory
Research, and the work was supported by a National Science Foundation
grant. E. M. B. was supported by a National Aeronautics and Space
Administration Earth Systems Science graduate fellowship. We would also
like to thank K. M. Larson for providing the kinematic GPS solutions.
This manuscript benefited greatly from detailed reviews by Associate
Editor Michael P. Ryan and an anonymous reviewer.
NR 56
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U1 3
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JUL 13
PY 2010
VL 115
AR B07405
DI 10.1029/2009JB006658
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 627OH
UT WOS:000280048700003
ER
PT J
AU Huxham, M
Kumara, MP
Jayatissa, LP
Krauss, KW
Kairo, J
Langat, J
Mencuccini, M
Skov, MW
Kirui, B
AF Huxham, Mark
Kumara, Marappullige P.
Jayatissa, Loku P.
Krauss, Ken W.
Kairo, James
Langat, Joseph
Mencuccini, Maurizio
Skov, Martin W.
Kirui, Bernard
TI Intra- and interspecific facilitation in mangroves may increase
resilience to climate change threats
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE mangrove; facilitation; intertidal; salinity; density; sediment
ID RISING SEA-LEVEL; SEDIMENT ACCRETION; COASTAL WETLANDS; ELEVATION
CHANGE; GAZI BAY; FORESTS; RESTORATION; MARSH; MANAGEMENT; RESPONSES
AB Mangroves are intertidal ecosystems that are particularly vulnerable to climate change. At the low tidal limits of their range, they face swamping by rising sea levels; at the high tidal limits, they face increasing stress from desiccation and high salinity. Facilitation theory may help guide mangrove management and restoration in the face of these threats by suggesting how and when positive intra- and interspecific effects may occur: such effects are predicted in stressed environments such as the intertidal, but have yet to be shown among mangroves. Here, we report the results of a series of experiments at low and high tidal sites examining the effects of mangrove density and species mix on seedling survival and recruitment, and on the ability of mangroves to trap sediment and cause surface elevation change. Increasing density significantly increased the survival of seedlings of two different species at both high and low tidal sites, and enhanced sediment accretion and elevation at the low tidal site. Including Avicennia marina in species mixes enhanced total biomass at a degraded high tidal site. Increasing biomass led to changed microenvironments that allowed the recruitment and survival of different mangrove species, particularly Ceriops tagal.
C1 [Huxham, Mark; Kumara, Marappullige P.; Langat, Joseph] Edinburgh Napier Univ, Sch Life Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Jayatissa, Loku P.] Univ Ruhuna, Dept Bot, Matara, Sri Lanka.
[Krauss, Ken W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Kairo, James; Kirui, Bernard] Kenya Marine & Fisheries Res Inst KMFRI, Mombasa, Kenya.
[Mencuccini, Maurizio] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Skov, Martin W.] Bangor Univ, Sch Ocean Sci, Menai Bridge LL59 5AB, Gwynedd, Wales.
RP Huxham, M (reprint author), Edinburgh Napier Univ, Sch Life Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM m.huxham@napier.ac.uk
RI Mencuccini, Maurizio/B-9052-2011; Huxham, Mark/D-4427-2015
OI Mencuccini, Maurizio/0000-0003-0840-1477; Huxham,
Mark/0000-0001-7877-6675
FU Earthwatch Institute; Leverhulme Trust; Zurich International
FX We also thank Laitani Suleimani, the many Earthwatch volunteers and the
KMFRI staff who helped in the field and the comments of two anonymous
referees. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. We
are grateful to the Earthwatch Institute, the Leverhulme Trust and
Zurich International who helped fund this work.
NR 46
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 7
U2 52
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8436
J9 PHILOS T R SOC B
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD JUL 12
PY 2010
VL 365
IS 1549
BP 2127
EP 2135
DI 10.1098/rstb.2010.0094
PG 9
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 602UH
UT WOS:000278163800013
PM 20513720
ER
PT J
AU Hatten, JR
Paxton, EH
Sogge, MK
AF Hatten, James R.
Paxton, Eben H.
Sogge, Mark K.
TI Modeling the dynamic habitat and breeding population of Southwestern
Willow Flycatcher
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Change detection; Dynamic riparian vegetation; GIS; Predicted habitat;
Reservoir management; Spatially explicit; Southwestern Willow
Flycatcher; Population dynamics
ID UNITED-STATES; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS; ARIZONA
AB To aid in the management and conservation of Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus, hereafter "Flycatcher"), we developed numerous models of flycatcher breeding habitat at Roosevelt Lake, AZ. For model development and testing, we compiled 10 years of flycatcher territory data that were obtained from intensive fieldwork between 1996 and 2005. We identified riparian vegetation annually in the project area from Landsat Thematic Mapper images, and extracted floodplain features from a digital elevation model. We created a novel class of temporal (i.e., multiyear) variables by characterizing the stability and variability in breeding habitat over a 6-year time interval. We used logistic regression to determine associations between environmental variables and flycatcher territory occurrence, and to test specific hypotheses. We mapped the probability of territory occurrence with a GIS and determined model accuracies with a classification table and a 10-year population database. Environmental features that were associated with breeding flycatchers included floodplain size, proximity to water, and the density, heterogeneity, age and stability of riparian vegetation. Our best model explained 79% of the variability in the flycatcher breeding population at Roosevelt Lake. The majority of predicted flycatcher habitat formed between 1996 and 2004 on an exposed lakebed similar to 3 years after water levels receded during a prolonged drought. A high correlation between annual reservoir levels and predicted breeding habitat (r=-0.82) indicates that we can create and manage habitat for conservation purposes. Our predictive models quantify and assess the relative quality of flycatcher breeding habitat remotely, and can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of habitat restoration activities. Numerous techniques we developed can be used to characterize riparian vegetation and patch dynamics directly off of satellite imagery, thereby increasing its utility for conservation purposes. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hatten, James R.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Paxton, Eben H.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Sogge, Mark K.] US Geol Survey, Western Reg Off, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
RP Hatten, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM jhatten@usgs.gov
OI Paxton, Eben/0000-0001-5578-7689
FU Bureau of Reclamation; Phoenix office; U.S. Geological Survey
FX Funding for this study was provided by the Bureau of Reclamation,
Phoenix office, and the U.S. Geological Survey. This project would not
have been possible without the hard work of the many field personnel
over the years collecting the data. We are particularly in debt to
Arizona Game and Fish Department that provided much of the survey
information and was a close collaborator on this 10-year demographic
study. This manuscript was improved through reviews by T. Arundel, L.
Ellis, and two anonymous reviewers. The use of trade, firm, or
corporation names in this publication is for the information and
convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official
endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Interior or
the United States Geological Survey of any product or service to the
exclusion of others that may be suitable.
NR 55
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U1 3
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD JUL 10
PY 2010
VL 221
IS 13-14
BP 1674
EP 1686
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.03.026
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 612NP
UT WOS:000278906400004
ER
PT J
AU Twichell, D
Edmiston, L
Andrews, B
Stevenson, W
Donoghue, J
Poore, R
Osterman, L
AF Twichell, D.
Edmiston, L.
Andrews, B.
Stevenson, W.
Donoghue, J.
Poore, R.
Osterman, L.
TI Geologic controls on the recent evolution of oyster reefs in
Apalachicola Bay and St. George Sound, Florida
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE oyster reefs; substrate preferences; brackish water environment;
Holocene; USA; Florida; Apalachicola Bay
ID ESTUARY; RIVER; SALINITY; REGION; SEA; USA
AB Apalachicola Bay and St. George Sound contain the largest oyster fishery in Florida, and the growth and distribution of the numerous oyster reefs here are the combined product of modern estuarine conditions in the bay and its late Holocene evolution. Sidescan-sonar imagery, bathymetry, high-resolution seismic profiles, and sediment cores show that oyster beds occupy the crests of a series of shoals that range from 1 to 7 km in length, trend roughly north-south perpendicular to the long axes of the bay and sound, and are asymmetrical with steeper sides facing to the west. Surface sediment samples show that the oyster beds consist of shelly sand, while much of the remainder of the bay floor is covered by mud delivered by the Apalachicola River. The present oyster reefs rest on sandy delta systems that advanced southward across the region between 6400 and 4400 yr BP when sea level was 4-6 m lower than present. Oysters started to colonize the region around 5100 yr BP and became extensive by 1200 and 2400 yr BP. Since 1200 yr BP, their aerial extent has decreased due to burial of the edges of the reefs by the prodelta mud that continues to be supplied by the Apalachicola River. Oyster reefs that are still active are narrower than the original beds, have grown vertically, and become asymmetrical in cross-section. Their internal bedding indicates they have migrated westward, suggesting a net westerly transport of sediment in the bay. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Twichell, D.; Andrews, B.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Edmiston, L.] Apalachicola Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Apalachicola, FL USA.
[Poore, R.; Osterman, L.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL USA.
[Donoghue, J.] Florida State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Stevenson, W.] NOAA Coastal Serv Ctr, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Twichell, D (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM dtwichell@usgs.gov
OI Andrews, Brian/0000-0003-1024-9400
FU NOAA Coastal Services Center
FX Funding for this research was provided by both the NOAA Coastal Services
Center. We acknowledge the assistance of E. Bergeron, W. Danforth, J.
Denny, B. Irwin, T. O'Brien, and C. Worley of the USGS for their
assistance in collecting and processing the data. Additional support for
field operations was provided by Apalachicola Bay National Estuarine
Research Reserve staff members J. Wanat, L Levi, M. Lamb, and S. Fahrny.
We appreciate the constructive reviews by P. Valentine and W. Winters.
Any use of trade names or company names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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U1 3
U2 14
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD JUL 10
PY 2010
VL 88
IS 3
BP 385
EP 394
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2010.04.019
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 620XW
UT WOS:000279537500010
ER
PT J
AU Hillhouse, JW
AF Hillhouse, John W.
TI Clockwise rotation and implications for northward drift of the western
Transverse Ranges from paleomagnetism of the Piuma Member, Sespe
Formation, near Malibu, California
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE paleomagnetism; southern California; Miocene; rotation; magnetic
anisotropy; paleolatitude
ID NEOGENE TECTONIC ROTATION; SANTA-MONICA-MOUNTAINS; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA;
MAGNETIC-SUSCEPTIBILITY; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; RED BEDS; REMANENCE
ANISOTROPY; INCLINATION ERROR; GEOMAGNETIC-FIELD; SEDIMENTARY-ROCKS
AB New paleomagnetic results from mid-Tertiary sedimentary beds in the Santa Monica Mountains reinforce the evidence for large-scale rotation of the western Transverse Ranges, and anisotropy measurements indicate that compaction-induced inclination flattening may resolve a long-standing controversy regarding the original paleolatitude of the rotated block. Previously published paleomagnetic data indicate that postOligocene rotation amounts to 70 degrees-110 degrees clockwise, affecting the Channel Islands, Santa Monica Mountains, and Santa Ynez Mountains. The Sespe Formation near Malibu consists of a lower member dominated by nonmarine sandstone and conglomerate and an upper section, the Piuma Member, which consists of gray-red sandstone and mudstone interbedded with minor tuff and limestone beds. The Piuma Member has a paleomagnetic pole at 36.6 degrees N, 326.7 degrees E (A(95min) = 5.0 degrees, A(95max) = 9.6 degrees), obtained by thermal demagnetization of 34 oriented cores from Oligocene and early Miocene beds. After correcting for plunge of the geologic structure, the data are consistent with significant clockwise rotation (77 degrees +/- 7 degrees) of the region relative to stable North America. Rotation of the western Transverse Ranges is generally viewed as a consequence of Pacific-North American plate interactions after 28 Ma, when east-west subduction gave way to northwest transform motion in southern California. Inclinations from the Piuma study indicate a paleolatitude anomaly of 11 degrees +/- 7 degrees and are consistent with a mean northward drift that exceeds generally accepted San Andreas fault displacement by a factor of 3. However, sedimentary inclination error may accentuate the anomaly. Anisotropy of isothermal remanent magnetization indicates inclination flattening of approximately 8 degrees, and correction for the effect reduces the paleolatitude anomaly to 5.3 degrees +/- 5.8 degrees. Compaction may explain the inclination flattening in these sedimentary rocks, but the process does not adequately explain lower-than-expected inclinations found in previous studies of Miocene volcanic rocks of the western Transverse Ranges.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Hillhouse, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS975, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jhillhouse@usgs.gov
FU National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (USGS)
FX This study was supported by the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping
Program (USGS). I am grateful for help from Larry Beyer and Thane
McCulloh in selecting the field site, for unpublished data provided by
Joe Liddicoat (J. Liddicoat, unpublished data, 2007), and for advice
from Sherman Gromme. Special thanks are owed to Ken Kodama for his
guidance and hospitality during my visit to his lab at Lehigh University
and to Dario Bilardello for sharing his unpublished manuscript (D.
Bilardello, unpublished manuscript, 2010). Robert Oscarson (USGS)
provided the scanning electron images. Thoughtful reviews by John
Tarduno, James Tyburczy, Bernie Housen, Robert Powell, Jonathan Glen,
and an anonymous reviewer are much appreciated.
NR 84
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Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD JUL 10
PY 2010
VL 11
AR Q07005
DI 10.1029/2010GC003047
PG 27
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 624MN
UT WOS:000279823200003
ER
PT J
AU Iverson, RM
Logan, M
LaHusen, RG
Berti, M
AF Iverson, Richard M.
Logan, Matthew
LaHusen, Richard G.
Berti, Matteo
TI The perfect debris flow? Aggregated results from 28 large-scale
experiments
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUIDIZED GRANULAR MASSES; DEPOSITION; RECIRCULATION; SEGREGATION;
PRESSURE; SLURRIES; MUDFLOW
AB Aggregation of data collected in 28 controlled experiments reveals reproducible debris-flow behavior that provides a clear target for model tests. In each experiment similar to 10 m(3) of unsorted, water-saturated sediment composed mostly of sand and gravel discharged from behind a gate, descended a steep, 95-m flume, and formed a deposit on a nearly horizontal runout surface. Experiment subsets were distinguished by differing basal boundary conditions (1 versus 16 mm roughness heights) and sediment mud contents (1 versus 7 percent dry weight). Sensor measurements of evolving flow thicknesses, basal normal stresses, and basal pore fluid pressures demonstrate that debris flows in all subsets developed dilated, coarse-grained, high-friction snouts, followed by bodies of nearly liquefied, finer-grained debris. Mud enhanced flow mobility by maintaining high pore pressures in flow bodies, and bed roughness reduced flow speeds but not distances of flow runout. Roughness had these effects because it promoted debris agitation and grain-size segregation, and thereby aided growth of lateral levees that channelized flow. Grain-size segregation also contributed to development of ubiquitous roll waves, which had diverse amplitudes exhibiting fractal number-size distributions. Despite the influence of these waves and other sources of dispersion, the aggregated data have well-defined patterns that help constrain individual terms in a depth-averaged debris-flow model. The patterns imply that local flow resistance evolved together with global flow dynamics, contradicting the hypothesis that any consistent rheology applied. We infer that new evolution equations, not new rheologies, are needed to explain how characteristic debris-flow behavior emerges from the interactions of debris constituents.
C1 [Iverson, Richard M.; Logan, Matthew; LaHusen, Richard G.; Berti, Matteo] US Geol Survey, Cascade Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Iverson, RM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascade Volcano Observ, 1300 SE Cardinal Court 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM riverson@usgs.gov
NR 63
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Z9 87
U1 6
U2 46
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD JUL 10
PY 2010
VL 115
AR F03005
DI 10.1029/2009JF001514
PG 29
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 624NF
UT WOS:000279825100001
ER
PT J
AU Moore, LJ
List, JH
Williams, SJ
Stolper, D
AF Moore, Laura J.
List, Jeffrey H.
Williams, S. Jeffress
Stolper, David
TI Complexities in barrier island response to sea level rise: Insights from
numerical model experiments, North Carolina Outer Banks
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
ID MORPHOLOGICAL-BEHAVIOR MODEL; CAPE-ASSOCIATED SHOAL; TRANSLATION MODEL;
COASTAL EROSION; EVOLUTION; SEDIMENT; STRATIGRAPHY; SIMULATION;
COASTLINE; DYNAMICS
AB Using a morphological-behavior model to conduct sensitivity experiments, we investigate the sea level rise response of a complex coastal environment to changes in a variety of factors. Experiments reveal that substrate composition, followed in rank order by substrate slope, sea level rise rate, and sediment supply rate, are the most important factors in determining barrier island response to sea level rise. We find that geomorphic threshold crossing, defined as a change in state (e. g., from landward migrating to drowning) that is irreversible over decadal to millennial time scales, is most likely to occur in muddy coastal systems where the combination of substrate composition, depth-dependent limitations on shoreface response rates, and substrate erodibility may prevent sand from being liberated rapidly enough, or in sufficient quantity, to maintain a subaerial barrier. Analyses indicate that factors affecting sediment availability such as low substrate sand proportions and high sediment loss rates cause a barrier to migrate landward along a trajectory having a lower slope than average barrier island slope, thereby defining an "effective" barrier island slope. Other factors being equal, such barriers will tend to be smaller and associated with a more deeply incised shoreface, thereby requiring less migration per sea level rise increment to liberate sufficient sand to maintain subaerial exposure than larger, less incised barriers. As a result, the evolution of larger/less incised barriers is more likely to be limited by shoreface erosion rates or substrate erodibility making them more prone to disintegration related to increasing sea level rise rates than smaller/more incised barriers. Thus, the small/deeply incised North Carolina barriers are likely to persist in the near term (although their long-term fate is less certain because of the low substrate slopes that will soon be encountered). In aggregate, results point to the importance of system history (e. g., previous slopes, sediment budgets, etc.) in determining migration trajectories and therefore how a barrier island will respond to sea level rise. Although simple analytical calculations may predict barrier response in simplified coastal environments (e. g., constant slope, constant sea level rise rate, etc.), our model experiments demonstrate that morphological-behavior modeling is necessary to provide critical insights regarding changes that may occur in environments having complex geometries, especially when multiple parameters change simultaneously.
C1 [Moore, Laura J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[List, Jeffrey H.; Williams, S. Jeffress] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Moore, LJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, 104 South Rd,Mitchell Hall,Campus Box 3315, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Woods Hole Science Center; Oberlin College
FX This work was partially supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, Woods
Hole Science Center and a sabbatical leave fellowship from Oberlin
College to Laura Moore from the Mellon-8 Consortium. The NSF-funded
Oberlin College Beowulf cluster facility provided computer time for many
of the model simulations. The authors thank three anonymous reviewers,
David Twichell and Ben Gutierrez of the USGS, and Andrew Ashton of Woods
Hole Oceanographic Institution for providing thoughtful comments that
were helpful in improving this manuscript. The first author also thanks
Brad Murray (Duke University) for contributions to Figure 11 and for
beneficial feedback on multiple versions of the manuscript.
NR 55
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U1 5
U2 40
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD JUL 9
PY 2010
VL 115
AR F03004
DI 10.1029/2009JF001299
PG 27
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 624NE
UT WOS:000279825000001
ER
PT J
AU Markert, JA
Champlin, DM
Gutjahr-Gobell, R
Grear, JS
Kuhn, A
McGreevy, TJ
Roth, A
Bagley, MJ
Nacci, DE
AF Markert, Jeffrey A.
Champlin, Denise M.
Gutjahr-Gobell, Ruth
Grear, Jason S.
Kuhn, Anne
McGreevy, Thomas J., Jr.
Roth, Annette
Bagley, Mark J.
Nacci, Diane E.
TI Population genetic diversity and fitness in multiple environments
SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID INBREEDING DEPRESSION; CONSERVATION; EXTINCTION; HETEROZYGOSITY;
ADAPTATION; BIOLOGY; STRESS; GROWTH; SIZE; VARIABILITY
AB Background: When a large number of alleles are lost from a population, increases in individual homozygosity may reduce individual fitness through inbreeding depression. Modest losses of allelic diversity may also negatively impact long-term population viability by reducing the capacity of populations to adapt to altered environments. However, it is not clear how much genetic diversity within populations may be lost before populations are put at significant risk. Development of tools to evaluate this relationship would be a valuable contribution to conservation biology. To address these issues, we have created an experimental system that uses laboratory populations of an estuarine crustacean, Americamysis bahia with experimentally manipulated levels of genetic diversity. We created replicate cultures with five distinct levels of genetic diversity and monitored them for 16 weeks in both permissive (ambient seawater) and stressful conditions (diluted seawater). The relationship between molecular genetic diversity at presumptive neutral loci and population vulnerability was assessed by AFLP analysis.
Results: Populations with very low genetic diversity demonstrated reduced fitness relative to high diversity populations even under permissive conditions. Population performance decreased in the stressful environment for all levels of genetic diversity relative to performance in the permissive environment. Twenty percent of the lowest diversity populations went extinct before the end of the study in permissive conditions, whereas 73% of the low diversity lines went extinct in the stressful environment. All high genetic diversity populations persisted for the duration of the study, although population sizes and reproduction were reduced under stressful environmental conditions. Levels of fitness varied more among replicate low diversity populations than among replicate populations with high genetic diversity. There was a significant correlation between AFLP diversity and population fitness overall; however, AFLP markers performed poorly at detecting modest but consequential losses of genetic diversity. High diversity lines in the stressful environment showed some evidence of relative improvement as the experiment progressed while the low diversity lines did not.
Conclusions: The combined effects of reduced average fitness and increased variability contributed to increased extinction rates for very low diversity populations. More modest losses of genetic diversity resulted in measurable decreases in population fitness; AFLP markers did not always detect these losses. However when AFLP markers indicated lost genetic diversity, these losses were associated with reduced population fitness.
C1 [Markert, Jeffrey A.; Champlin, Denise M.; Gutjahr-Gobell, Ruth; Grear, Jason S.; Kuhn, Anne; McGreevy, Thomas J., Jr.; Nacci, Diane E.] US EPA, Populat Ecol Branch, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA.
[Markert, Jeffrey A.; Roth, Annette; Bagley, Mark J.] US EPA, Mol Ecol Res Branch, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[McGreevy, Thomas J., Jr.] Univ Rhode Isl, Coastal Inst, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Markert, Jeffrey A.] US Geol Survey, San Diego Field Stn, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
RP Markert, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Populat Ecol Branch, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI USA.
EM jeffreymarkert@gmail.com
OI Kuhn, Anne/0000-0003-4935-6692
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and
Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research
Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division [AED-07-102]
FX We appreciate the helpful advice from reviewers of early drafts,
including Dina Proestou (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), John
Darling (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), and Rebecca Brown
(University of Rhode Island). Animal collection was supported by welcome
advice and assistance from Sandy Raimondo (U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency). Suzy Ayvazian, Danielle Duquette, Peg Pelletier, Mark
Tagliabue, Glen Thursby, Jon Serbst, and Sarah Winnicki all helped count
or culture animals while Suzanne Jackson helped support the AFLP
genotyping efforts. This is contribution number AED-07-102 of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development,
National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic
Ecology Division, which partially supported this research. This
manuscript has been reviewed and approved for publication by the U.S.
EPA. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the
views and policies of the U.S. EPA. Mention of trade names, products, or
services does not convey, and should not be interpreted as conveying,
official U.S. EPA approval, endorsement, or recommendation.
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U1 4
U2 69
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2148
J9 BMC EVOL BIOL
JI BMC Evol. Biol.
PD JUL 7
PY 2010
VL 10
AR 205
DI 10.1186/1471-2148-10-205
PG 13
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 631SZ
UT WOS:000280369600001
PM 20609254
ER
PT J
AU Larsen, LG
Aiken, GR
Harvey, JW
Noe, GB
Crimaldi, JP
AF Larsen, Laurel G.
Aiken, George R.
Harvey, Judson W.
Noe, Gregory B.
Crimaldi, John P.
TI Using fluorescence spectroscopy to trace seasonal DOM dynamics,
disturbance effects, and hydrologic transport in the Florida Everglades
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; FULVIC-ACID; CHEMICAL
CHARACTERISTICS; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; ELECTRON-ACCEPTORS;
GROUND-WATER; REDOX STATE; CARBON; WETLAND
AB Dissolved organic matter (DOM) quality reflects numerous environmental processes, including primary production and decomposition, redox gradients, hydrologic transport, and photochemistry. Fluorescence spectroscopy can detect groups of DOM compounds sensitive to these processes. However, different environmental gradients (e. g., redox, DOM provenance) can have confounding effects on DOM fluorescence spectra. This study shows how these confounding effects can be removed through discriminant analyses on parallel factor modeling results. Using statistically distinct end-members, we resolve spatiotemporal trends in redox potential and DOM provenance within and between adjacent vegetation communities in the patterned ridge and slough landscape of the Everglades, where biogeochemical differences between vegetation communities affect net peat accretion rates and persistence of landscape structure. Source discrimination of DOM in whole-water samples and peat leachates reveals strong temporal variability associated with seasonality and passage of a hurricane and indicates that hurricane effects on marsh biogeochemistry persist for longer periods of time (>1 year) than previously recognized. Using the DOM source signal as a hydrologic tracer, we show that the system is hydrologically well mixed when surface water is present, and that limited transport of flocculent detritus occurs in surface flows. Redox potential discrimination shows that vertical redox gradients are shallower on ridges than in sloughs, creating an environment more favorable to decomposition and diagenesis. The sensitivity, high resolution, rapidity, and precision of these statistical analyses of DOM fluorescence spectra establish the technique as a promising performance measure for restoration or indicator of carbon cycle processes in the Everglades and aquatic ecosystems worldwide.
C1 [Larsen, Laurel G.; Harvey, Judson W.; Noe, Gregory B.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Aiken, George R.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Crimaldi, John P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Larsen, LG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM lglarsen@usgs.gov
RI Harvey, Judson/L-2047-2013;
OI Harvey, Judson/0000-0002-2654-9873; Noe, Gregory/0000-0002-6661-2646
FU Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science Initiative of the USGS; USGS;
Canon National Parks; Hertz Foundation; National Wildlife Refuge System;
National Science Foundation
FX Support was provided by the Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science
Initiative of the USGS, the National Research Program of the USGS, the
Canon National Parks Science Scholars Program, the Hertz Foundation, the
National Wildlife Refuge System, and a National Science Foundation
Graduate Research Fellowship to L.G.L. We thank Kenna Butler, Eddie
Simonds, Daniel Nowacki, Jennifer Schnackel, Jennifer O'Reilly, and Joel
Detty for field and laboratory assistance and Matthew Miller for
assistance with PARAFAC implementation. This manuscript benefited from
reviews by Bryan Downing, Sally Walker, Kim Wickland, and an anonymous
referee. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 80
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U1 4
U2 23
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD JUL 7
PY 2010
VL 115
AR G03001
DI 10.1029/2009JG001140
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 624ND
UT WOS:000279824900001
ER
PT J
AU Jones, JW
Neves, RJ
AF Jones, Jess W.
Neves, Richard J.
TI Descriptions of a new species and a new subspecies of freshwater
mussels, Epioblasma ahlstedti and Epioblasma florentina aureola
(Bivalvia: Unionidae), in the Tennessee River drainage, USA
SO NAUTILUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Endangered; molecular DNA markers; phylogenetic analysis; Tennessee
River basin
ID MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS; WALKERI BIVALVIA; CAPSAEFORMIS; LAMPSILINI;
UNIONOIDA; SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION
AB A new species and a new subspecies of Epioblasma are described from the Tennessee River drainage, USA. Epioblasma ahlstedti (Duck River Dartersnapper) currently is restricted to the Duck River in west-central Tennessee (TN). However, museum collections indicate that the species likely occurred in the Buffalo River, TN, a tributary to the Duck River, and in the Tennessee River at Muscle Shoals, Alabama (AL), and lower Shoal Creek, AL. The following diagnostic morphological characteristics of E. ahlstedti are based on the female: (1) pronounced posterior-ventral shell expansion of the adult female, shell; (2) slate-gray to dark-purple mantle-pad; (3) spoor texture of the mantle-pad; and (4) display of a single, tan-colored micro-lure that moves slowly side-to-side. Epioblasma florentina aureola (Golden Riffleshell) currently is restricted to Indian Creek, a tributary to the upper Clinch River, Virginia. Historically, the species occurred in numerous tributaries in the Tennessee River drainage downstream at least to the Duck River. The following diagnostic morphological characteristics of E. florentina aureola are based on the female: (1) gray mantle-pad with a black mottled background; and (2) mantle-pad is pustuled but the pustules are rounded. The genus Epioblasma represents the most endangered group of freshwater mussels in North America; 18 of the recognized 25 species or subspecies are already extinct. Likewise, these newly described species and subspecies are critically endangered and despite being listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act remain in need of focused conservation to prevent their extinction.
C1 [Jones, Jess W.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Jones, JW (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM Jess_jones@fws.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); Tennessee Wildlife Resources
Agency
FX Financial support for this project was provided by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. We
thank Brett Ostby, Virginia Tech University, for assistance in preparing
the distribution map. We especially thank Robert Butler, USFWS, Jim
Williams, U.S. Geological Survey (Retired), Daniel Graf, University of
Alabama, and an anonymous reviewer for their respective peer reviews of
this work, which greatly improved the manuscript. We also gratefully
acknowledge G. Thomas Wafters and Clarissa Lawlis at the Museum of
Biological Diversity, Ohio State University for cataloging and
photographing the shell holotypes and paratypes, and Jose H. Leal, The
Bailey-Matthews Shell Museum, for his assistance in preparing the
figures. The views expressed in this publication are the authors and do
not necessarily represent those of the USFWS.
NR 31
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U1 3
U2 10
PU BAILEY-MATTHEWS SHELL MUSEUM
PI SANIBEL
PA C/O DR JOSE H LEAL, ASSOCIATE/MANAGING EDITOR, 3075 SANIBEL-CAPTIVA RD,
SANIBEL, FL 33957 USA
SN 0028-1344
J9 NAUTILUS
JI Nautilus
PD JUL 7
PY 2010
VL 124
IS 2
BP 77
EP 92
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 628AK
UT WOS:000280086200002
ER
PT J
AU Karanth, KK
Nichols, JD
Karanth, KU
Hines, JE
Christensen, NL
AF Karanth, Krithi K.
Nichols, James D.
Karanth, K. Ullas
Hines, James E.
Christensen, Norman L., Jr.
TI The shrinking ark: patterns of large mammal extinctions in India
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE extinction; India; mammals; occupancy; people; protected areas
ID PROTECTED AREAS; RESERVE SIZE; CONSERVATION; RISK; POPULATIONS;
OCCUPANCY; DENSITY; THREAT
AB Mammal extinctions are widespread globally, with South Asian species being most threatened. We examine local extinctions of 25 mammals in India. We use historical records to obtain a set of locations at which each species was known to have been present at some time in the last 200 years. We then use occupancy estimation models to draw inferences about current presence at these same locations based on field observations of local experts. We examine predictions about the influence of key factors such as protected areas, forest cover, elevation, human population density and cultural tolerance on species extinction. For all 25 species, estimated local extinction probabilities (referenced to a 100 year time frame) range between 0.14 and 0.96. Time elapsed since the historical occurrence record was an important determinant of extinction probability for 14 species. Protected areas are positively associated with lower extinction of 18 species, although many species occur outside them. We find evidence that higher proportion of forest cover is associated with lower extinction probabilities for seven species. However, for species that prefer open habitats (which have experienced intensive land-use change), forest cover alone appears insufficient to ensure persistence (the complement of extinction). We find that higher altitude is positively associated with lower extinction for eight species. Human population density is positively associated with extinction of 13 species. We find that 'culturally tolerated' species do exhibit higher persistence. Overall, large-bodied, rare and habitat specialist mammals tend to have higher extinction probabilities.
C1 [Karanth, Krithi K.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Nichols, James D.; Hines, James E.] US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Karanth, K. Ullas] Wildlife Conservat Soc India Program, Bangalore 560042, Karnataka, India.
[Karanth, Krithi K.; Karanth, K. Ullas] Ctr Wildlife Studies, Bangalore 560042, Karnataka, India.
[Karanth, Krithi K.; Christensen, Norman L., Jr.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Karanth, KK (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM krithi.karanth@gmail.com
FU Conservation, Food and Health Foundation; Forest History Society; Duke
International Travel; IDEA Wild; Roger Williams Park Zoo; AZFA Clark
Waldram Conservation Fund; Cleveland Zoo
FX We thank S. L. Pimm and D. L. Urban for their suggestions. We are
enormously grateful to the wildlife experts N. Akhtar, R. Ali, S. Amu,
A. Aiyadurai, Y.V. Bhatnagar, R. Borges, A. Chandola, S. Chandola, D.
Chetry, K. Choudhary, S. Choudhry, H. Dang, S. Dasgupta, S. Dattatri, A.
Dutta, P. S. Easa, D. V. Girish, H. Ghuleria, D. Ghose, S. P. Goyal, B.
Hegde, Hilaluddin, D. Jathanna, B. Jetva, Y. V. Jhala, A. J. T.
JohnSingh, S. Jones, J. Joshua, K. Kakati, Kathju, D. K. Kashyap, R.
Kaul, M. Khanduja, J. Kulkarni, A. Kumar, N. S. Kumar, S. Kumar, H.
Kumara, A. Lobo, P. Mehta, B. Mohanty, S. Molur, S. Mukherjee, L.
Nehemiah, N. Patil, S. Pawar, S. Pradhan, S. Radhakrishna, A. Rahmani,
N. Rajamani, S. Rajesh, S. Ram, G. S. Rawat, G. V. Reddy, V. Rishi, A.
D. Roy, P. K. Sen, K. Sharma, N. Sharma, K. Sathasivam, J. N. Shah, G.
Shahabuddin, D. Sharma, V. Srinivas, G. Sundar, A. Tamim, S. Tiwari, P.
Trivedi, H. Tyabji, N. Ved, R. Vyas, R. Wangchuk, T. Wangyal and their
associates who completed the surveys. We thank the following
institutions Bombay Natural History Society; Van Ingen & Van Ingen
Taxidermists; Duke University Library; Harvard Museum of Natural
History; American Museum of Natural History; Carnegie Museum; California
Academy of Sciences; Field Museum of Natural History; Michigan State
Museum; University of Kansas Biodiversity Center; University of
Washington Burke Museum; Los Angeles County Museum; Museum of Natural
Sciences; Museum of Vertebrate Zoology; Natural History Museum, DC;
Museum of Texas Tech University; University of Michigan Museum of
Zoology; University of New Mexico Museum of Southwestern Biology; Museum
of Natural History Berkley; Yale Peabody Museum; Royal Ontario Museum;
New Hancock Museum; University of Manchester Museum; Natural History
Museum of Geneva; Hungarian Natural History Museum; National Museum of
Wales (Cardiff); New Castle Museum. We thank J. Van Ingen, M.
Rangarajan, V. Thapar, S. Kapoor, D. Sinh, J. Terborgh, M. Vale, C. N.
Jenkins, P. Karanth, A. Ostrovsky, D. Ostrovsky, R. DeFries, P. M.
Kumar, Duke University, Centre for Wildlife Studies, and Wildlife
Conservation Society's India Program. K. K. K. received funding from the
Conservation, Food and Health Foundation, Forest History Society, Duke
International Travel, IDEA Wild, Roger Williams Park Zoo, AZFA Clark
Waldram Conservation Fund and Cleveland Zoo.
NR 41
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Z9 56
U1 2
U2 20
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD JUL 7
PY 2010
VL 277
IS 1690
BP 1971
EP 1979
DI 10.1098/rspb.2010.0171
PG 9
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 601JX
UT WOS:000278056400005
PM 20219736
ER
PT J
AU Ng, GHC
McLaughlin, D
Entekhabi, D
Scanlon, BR
AF Ng, Gene-Hua Crystal
McLaughlin, Dennis
Entekhabi, Dara
Scanlon, Bridget R.
TI Probabilistic analysis of the effects of climate change on groundwater
recharge
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID STOCHASTIC WEATHER GENERATOR; CHANGE IMPACTS; SPATIAL VARIABILITY;
POTENTIAL IMPACTS; CHANGE SCENARIOS; HIGH-PLAINS; WATER; PRECIPITATION;
SIMULATION; AQUIFER
AB Groundwater recharge is likely to be affected by climate change. In semiarid regions where groundwater resources are often critical, annual recharge rates are typically small and most recharge occurs episodically. Such episodic recharge is uncertain and difficult to predict. This paper analyzes the impacts of different climate predictions on diffuse episodic recharge at a low-relief semiarid rain-fed agricultural area. The analysis relies on a probabilistic approach that explicitly accounts for uncertainties in meteorological forcing and in soil and vegetation properties. An ensemble of recharge forecasts is generated from Monte Carlo simulations of a study site in the southern High Plains, United States. Soil and vegetation parameter realizations are conditioned on soil moisture and soil water chloride observations (Ng et al., 2009). A stochastic weather generator provides realizations of meteorological time series for climate alternatives from different general circulation models. For most climate alternatives, predicted changes in average recharge (spanning -75% to +35%) are larger than the corresponding changes in average precipitation (spanning -25% to +20%). This suggests that amplification of climate change impacts may occur in groundwater systems. Predictions also include varying changes in the frequency and magnitude of recharge events. The temporal distribution of precipitation change (over seasons and rain events) explains most of the variability in predictions of recharge totals and episodic occurrence. The ensemble recharge analysis presented in this study offers a systematic approach to investigating interactions between uncertainty and nonlinearities in episodic recharge.
C1 [Ng, Gene-Hua Crystal; McLaughlin, Dennis; Entekhabi, Dara] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Parsons Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Scanlon, Bridget R.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Bur Econ Geol, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
RP Ng, GHC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 973, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM gng@usgs.gov
RI Scanlon, Bridget/A-3105-2009
OI Scanlon, Bridget/0000-0002-1234-4199
FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science
Foundation [0121182, 0530851, 0540259]
FX We acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model
Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), and WCRP's Working Group on
Coupled Modeling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP
CMIP3 Wmultimodel data set. Support of this data set is provided by the
Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. Partial support for the
research described in this paper was provided by U.S. National Science
Foundation awards 0121182, 0530851, and 0540259. We also gratefully
acknowledge the comments provided by three anonymous reviewers and the
associate editor, which helped improve the article.
NR 51
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 4
U2 33
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD JUL 3
PY 2010
VL 46
AR W07502
DI 10.1029/2009WR007904
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 620WC
UT WOS:000279531000001
ER
PT J
AU Savage, JC
AF Savage, J. C.
TI Calculation of aftershock accumulation from observed postseismic
deformation: M6 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID STRESS
AB The postseismic stress accumulation tau(t) over the interval 0.004 to 880 days following the 2004 Parkfield earthquake (M6) can be inferred from GPS measurements of postseismic deformation. The stress relaxation tau(t) - tau'(l)t, where tau'(l) is the interseismic loading rate and t is the time after the earthquake, plotted as a function of the number of M > 1.5 aftershocks N(a)(t) that have occurred by time t is bilinear with the slope of the fit to the first half of the aftershock sequence less than the slope of the fit to the second half. Thus, the aftershock seismicity rate is not proportional to the stress relaxation rate tau'(t) - tau'(l) over the entire sequence, but rather exhibits two distinct proportionalities. The observed postearthquake accumulation of M > 1.5 earthquakes in the aftershock zone as a function of time can be explained with the rate-and-state friction relation proposed by Dieterich (1994) between the cumulative number of earthquakes and tau(t). Citation: Savage, J. C. (2010), Calculation of aftershock accumulation from observed postseismic deformation: M6 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L13302, doi:10.1029/2010GL042872.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Savage, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 977,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jasavage@usgs.gov
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 2
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L13302
DI 10.1029/2010GL042872
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 620KO
UT WOS:000279498700001
ER
PT J
AU Baldwin, RA
Bender, LC
AF Baldwin, Roger A.
Bender, Louis C.
TI Development of Equations Predictive of Size and Condition for Black
Bears in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado
SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY; CENTRAL NEW-MEXICO; BODY-MASS; NUTRITIONAL
CONDITION; POLAR BEARS; GRIZZLY BEARS; MULE DEER; HIBERNATION; SURVIVAL;
DYNAMICS
AB Knowledge of body condition is important in predicting health and performance of large mammal populations. Therefore, we assessed body condition in black bears (Ursus americanus) in Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), Colorado, using body mass (BM), percent body fat (BF) and a body condition index (BCI) to: (1) develop a model predictive of BM for bears in RMNP using morphometric measures, (2) compare three models predictive of BM to provide further information on the influence of elevation and more complex models on model accuracy, and (3) assess the relationship between BF and BCI to determine if BF could be estimated from BCI Our best BM model included only girth (r(2) = 0.923) and indicated that mass-morphology relationships were more consistent within specified elevation zones; complexity of models had little influence on model efficiency. We also observed a strong relationship between BF and BCI (r(2) = 0.962) indicating that BCI scores can be accurately converted to estimates of BF. This predictive equation should prove useful to black bear managers in situations where BF cannot be estimated using more direct methods.
C1 [Baldwin, Roger A.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Bender, Louis C.] US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Baldwin, RA (reprint author), UC Kearney Agr Ctr, 9240 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
EM rbaldwin@uckac.edu
FU Rocky Mountain National Park; United States Geological Survey; New
Mexico State University, Agricultural Experiment Station
FX Research was funded by Rocky Mountain National Park and the United
States Geological Survey. The New Mexico State University, Agricultural
Experiment Station provided additional financial assistance. We extend
thanks to L. Zeigenfuss for providing historic data and to L. Adams and
M. Cattet for reviewing earlier drafts of this manuscript. E. Dreyer, S.
Eckert, S. Graham, H. Halbritter, B. Hoenes, B. Keller, C. Letter, L.
Poison, M. Poison and many other RMNP volunteers provided invaluable
field assistance.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST
PI NOTRE DAME
PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA
SN 0003-0031
J9 AM MIDL NAT
JI Am. Midl. Nat.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 164
IS 1
BP 44
EP 51
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 619FV
UT WOS:000279415500005
ER
PT J
AU Hoeft, SE
Kulp, TR
Han, S
Lanoil, B
Oremland, RS
AF Hoeft, Shelley E.
Kulp, Thomas R.
Han, Sukkyun
Lanoil, Brian
Oremland, Ronald S.
TI Coupled Arsenotrophy in a Hot Spring Photosynthetic Biofilm at Mono
Lake, California
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMOAUTOTROPHIC ARSENATE RESPIRER; DISSIMILATORY ARSENATE; SP NOV.;
REDOX TRANSFORMATIONS; ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS; SULFATE REDUCTION; SODA
LAKES; RESPIRATION; BACTERIA; GENES
AB Red-pigmented biofilms grow on rock and cobble surfaces present in anoxic hot springs located on Paoha Island in Mono Lake. The bacterial community was dominated (similar to 85% of 16S rRNA gene clones) by sequences from the photosynthetic Ectothiorhodospira genus. Scraped biofilm materials incubated under anoxic conditions rapidly oxidized As(III) to As(V) in the light via anoxygenic photosynthesis but could also readily reduce As(V) to As(III) in the dark at comparable rates. Back-labeling experiments with (73)As(V) demonstrated that reduction to (73)As(III) also occurred in the light, thereby illustrating the cooccurrence of these two anaerobic processes as an example of closely coupled arsenotrophy. Oxic biofilms also oxidized As(III) to As(V). Biofilms incubated with [(14)C] acetate oxidized the radiolabel to (14)CO(2) in the light but not the dark, indicating a capacity for photoheterotrophy but not chemoheterotrophy. Anoxic, dark-incubated samples demonstrated As(V) reduction linked to additions of hydrogen or sulfide but not acetate. Chemoautotrophy linked to As(V) as measured by dark fixation of [(14)C] bicarbonate into cell material was stimulated by either H(2) or HS(-). Functional genes for the arsenate respiratory reductase (arrA) and arsenic resistance (arsB) were detected in sequenced amplicons of extracted DNA, with about half of the arrA sequences closely related (similar to 98% translated amino acid identity) to those from the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae. Surprisingly, no authentic PCR products for arsenite oxidase (aoxB) were obtained, despite observing aerobic arsenite oxidation activity. Collectively, these results demonstrate close linkages of these arsenic redox processes occurring within these biofilms.
C1 [Hoeft, Shelley E.; Kulp, Thomas R.; Oremland, Ronald S.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Han, Sukkyun; Lanoil, Brian] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
RP Oremland, RS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM roremlan@usgs.gov
OI Lanoil, Brian/0000-0001-8603-8330
FU NASA; USGS
FX This work was funded by a grant from NASA Exobiology Program and by the
USGS.
NR 39
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U1 1
U2 25
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 76
IS 14
BP 4633
EP 4639
DI 10.1128/AEM.00545-10
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 621UX
UT WOS:000279611500006
PM 20511421
ER
PT J
AU Sass, LL
Bozek, MA
Hauxwell, JA
Wagner, K
Knight, S
AF Sass, Laura L.
Bozek, Michael A.
Hauxwell, Jennifer A.
Wagner, Kelly
Knight, Susan
TI Response of aquatic macrophytes to human land use perturbations in the
watersheds of Wisconsin lakes, USA
SO AQUATIC BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aquatic macrophyte; Land use; Perturbation; Lakes; Watershed;
Development; Wisconsin; Multivariate analysis
ID SPECIES RICHNESS; MYRIOPHYLLUM-SPICATUM; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; NORTHERN
WISCONSIN; NITROGEN LOADS; EUTROPHICATION; ABUNDANCE; PLANTS;
DETERMINANTS; PHOSPHORUS
AB Aquatic macrophyte communities were assessed in 53 lakes in Wisconsin, U.S.A. along environmental and land use development gradients to determine effects human land use perturbations have on aquatic macrophytes at the watershed and riparian development scales. Species richness and relative frequency were surveyed in lakes from two ecoregions: the Northern Lakes and Forests Ecoregion and the Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plain Ecoregion. Lakes were selected along a gradient of watershed development ranging from undeveloped (i.e., forested), to agricultural to urban development. Land uses occurring in the watershed and in perimeters of different width (0-100, 0-200, 0-500, and 0-1000 m from shore, in the watershed) were used to assess effects on macrophyte communities. Snorkel and SCUBA were used to survey aquatic macrophyte species in 18 quadrats of 0.25 m(2) along 14 transects placed perpendicular to shore in each lake. Effects of watershed development (e.g., agriculture and/or urban) were tested at whole-lake (entire littoral zone) and near-shore (within 7 in of shore) scales using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and linear regression. Overall, species richness was negatively related to watershed development, while frequencies of individual species and groups differed in level of response to different land use perturbations. Effects of land use in the perimeters on macrophytes, with a few exceptions, did not provide higher correlations compared to land use at the watershed scale. In lakes with higher total watershed development levels, introduced species, particularly Myriophyllum spicatum, increased in abundance and native species, especially potamids, isoetids, and floating-leaved plants, declined in abundance. Correlations within the northern and southeastern ecoregions separately were not significant. Multivariate analyses suggested species composition is driven by environmental responses as well as human development pressures. Both water chemistry and land use variables loaded positively with the first CCA axis indicating that these factors are correlated. Land use pressures in Wisconsin are greater in the southeastern portion of the state where lakes have higher concentrations of water chemistry variables including alkalinity, conductivity, pH, calcium, magnesium, and nitrogen. This creates a complex gradient that influences species composition of macrophyte communities from lake to lake. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sass, Laura L.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
[Bozek, Michael A.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
[Hauxwell, Jennifer A.; Wagner, Kelly] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53716 USA.
[Knight, Susan] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Ctr Limnol, Trout Lake Res Stn, Boulder Jct, WI 54512 USA.
RP Sass, LL (reprint author), Univ Illinois Champaign Urbana, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Inst Nat Resource Sustainabil, 1 Nat Resources Way, Springfield, IL 62702 USA.
EM Laura.sass@illinois.gov; Michael.bozek@uwsp.edu;
Jennifer.hauxwell@wisconsin.gov; kiwagner@uwalumni.com;
Seknight@wisc.edu
FU Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
FX We would like to thank the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources for
providing funding and equipment for this research. Thank you to the
University of Wisconsin-Madison Trout Lake Field station for providing
housing and occasional field staff. Specifically, we thank Marjorie
Karschnia, Matthew Schmidt, Andrea Kral, Anna Engfer, Therese
Aschkenase, Alison Mikulyuk, Dana Bigham and Gene Hatzenbeler for
helping with field work, and Bob Freckmann, who provided essential help
with plant identification.
NR 46
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U1 6
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3770
EI 1879-1522
J9 AQUAT BOT
JI Aquat. Bot.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 93
IS 1
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2010.02.001
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 596MC
UT WOS:000277688200001
ER
PT J
AU Mast, MA
Manthorne, DJ
Roth, DA
AF Mast, M. Alisa
Manthorne, David J.
Roth, David A.
TI Historical deposition of mercury and selected trace elements to
high-elevation National Parks in the Western US inferred from
lake-sediment cores
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; Lake; Sediment; Trace elements; Atmospheric deposition
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS; ATMOSPHERIC
DEPOSITION; MOUNTAIN LAKES; PB-210; CANADA; CONTAMINATION; ACCUMULATION;
MINNESOTA; RECORDS
AB Atmospheric deposition of Hg and selected trace elements was reconstructed over the past 150 years using sediment cores collected from nine remote, high-elevation lakes in Rocky Mountain National Park in Colorado and Glacier National Park in Montana. Cores were age dated by (210)Pb, and sedimentation rates were determined using the constant rate of supply model. Hg concentrations in most of the cores began to increase around 1900, reaching a peak sometime after 1980. Other trace elements, particularly Pb and Cd, showed similar post-industrial increases in lake sediments, confirming that anthropogenic contaminants are reaching remote areas of the Rocky Mountains via atmospheric transport and deposition. Preindustrial (pre-1875) Hg fluxes in the sediment ranged from 5.7 to 42 mu g m(-2) yr(-1) and modern (post-1985) fluxes ranged from 17.7 to 141 mu g m(-2) yr(-1). The average ratio of modern to preindustrial fluxes was 3.2, which is similar to remote lakes elsewhere in North America. Estimates of net atmospheric deposition based on the cores were 3.1 mu g m(-2) yr(-1) for preindustrial and 11.7 mu g m(-2) yr(-1) for modern times. Current-day measurements of wet deposition range from 5.0 to 8.6 mu g m(-2) yr(-1), which are lower than the modern sediment-based estimate of 11.7 mu g m(-2) yr(-1), perhaps owing to inputs of dry-deposited Hg to the lakes. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Mast, M. Alisa; Manthorne, David J.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Roth, David A.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Mast, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM mamast@usgs.gov
FU Air Resources Division of the National Park Service; U.S. Geological
Survey; Niwot Ridge Long-Term Ecological Research program
FX This project was funded by the Air Resources Division of the National
Park Service and the U.S. Geological Survey Water-Quality Partnership
Program. Additional funding for collection and analysis of the Black
Lake core was provided by the Niwot Ridge Long-Term Ecological Research
program.
NR 41
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U1 4
U2 41
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 21-22
BP 2577
EP 2586
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.04.024
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 622GD
UT WOS:000279648400009
ER
PT J
AU Adams, J
Takekawa, JY
Carter, HR
Yee, J
AF Adams, Josh
Takekawa, John Y.
Carter, Harry R.
Yee, Julie
TI FACTORS INFLUENCING THE AT-SEA DISTRIBUTION OF CASSIN'S AUKLETS
(PTYCHORAMPHUS ALEUTICUS) THAT BREED IN THE CHANNEL ISLANDS, CALIFORNIA
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE California Bight; California Current; Cassin's Auklet; logistic
regression; Ptychoramphus aleuticus; radiotelemetry; southern seabird
foraging habitat
ID SANTA-BARBARA CHANNEL; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; MARINE BIRD; SOUTHERN
CALIFORNIA; HABITAT SELECTION; TRIANGLE ISLAND; CURRENT SYSTEM; NORTH
PACIFIC; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION
AB We used radiotelemetry to evaluate at-sea habitat use by Cassin's Auklets (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) that bred at Prince Island, off southern California, from 1999 through 2001. We used logistic regression to compare paired radiotelemetry (presence) with random (pseudo-absence) location-associated habitat variables derived from (1) satellite remote-sensing of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration and (2) bathymetry. Compared with random locations within their foraging area and after controlling for distance to colony, odds ratios indicated that Cassin's Auklets with dependent young occurred in relatively shallower, warmer, and chlorophyll-rich water associated with chlorophyll fronts near the insular shelf break. These oceanographic features characterize habitats that support key euphausiid prey (e.g., Thysanoessa spinifera) and also other krill predators. Radiotelemetry combined with satellite remote-sensing of the ocean provides an alternative to vessel-based surveys for evaluating seabird foraging habitats. In the absence of information on the actual distribution, abundance, and, hence, availability of zooplankton prey for seabirds, environmental factors can serve as proxies to help elucidate distributional patterns of seabirds at sea. Received 10 September 2008, accepted 27 December 2009.
C1 [Adams, Josh] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Pacific Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Takekawa, John Y.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Carter, Harry R.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Wildlife, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Yee, Julie] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
RP Adams, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Pacific Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM josh_adams@usgs.gov
FU USGS; U.S. Navy; California Department of Fish and Game; Oiled Wildlife
Care Network
FX We would like to especially thank the following people for extraordinary
help in the field: A. Hebshi, D. Whitworth, W. McIver, J. Mason, H.
Nevins, J. Harvey, L. Henkel, M. Hester, J. Kelson, J. Little, B.
Maslach, G. McChesney, S. Newman, S. Oates, M. Weise, and C. Keiper. E.
Reinecker and B. Shlinning (Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute)
and E. Fields (University of California Santa Barbara) kindly helped us
obtain and preprocess satellite ocean color data. W. Perry and K.
Ellsworth (U.S. Geological Survey [USGS]) provided GIS and database
support. This research was supported by USGS through the Science Support
Program for the Minerals Management Service, Pacific Outer Continental
Shelf Region (L. Thorsteinson and F. Piltz). Additional funds were
contributed by the U.S. Navy (S. Schwartz and T. Keeney), California
Department of Fish and Game (CDFG; P. Kelly and E. Burkett), and Oiled
Wildlife Care Network (Wildlife Health Center, University of California
Davis, Oil Spill Trust Fund). Permission to conduct colony-based
research was provided by Channel Islands National Park (P. Martin, K.
Faulkner, D. Richards, T. Coonan, and I. Williams). Vessel support was
provided by Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary (R/V Xantu and R/V
Ballena; M. Kelly, A. Petuski, and S. Fangman) and CDFG (P/B Yellowtail;
J. Suchil and marine wardens S. Cabral, J. Castro, and G. Gross), Spirit
Charters, and Truth Aquatics. CDFG warden pilots J. Veal and T. Evans
and Aspen Helicopters pilots R. Throckmorton and B. Hansen provided
excellent flight support. Various drafts benefited by comments and
suggestions provided by H. Nevins, Z. Perry, D. Ainley, L. Ballance, and
an anonymous reviewer. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
EI 1938-4254
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 127
IS 3
BP 503
EP 513
DI 10.1525/auk.2010.09273
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 637ZM
UT WOS:000280858300004
ER
PT J
AU Herring, G
Gawlik, DE
Cook, MI
Beerens, JM
AF Herring, Garth
Gawlik, Dale E.
Cook, Mark. I.
Beerens, James M.
TI SENSITIVITY OF NESTING GREAT EGRETS (ARDEA ALBA) AND WHITE IBISES
(EUDOCIMUS ALBUS) TO REDUCED PREY AVAILABILITY
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE Ardea alba; clutch size; Eudocimus albus; Florida Everglades; Great
Egret; nesting ecology; nest survival; White Ibis
ID WADING BIRDS; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; REPRODUCTIVE PHASES; BROOD REDUCTION;
BREEDING BIRDS; FOOD; POPULATION; PATTERNS; HISTORY; SUCCESS
AB Life-history theory suggests that long-lived bird species will adjust their nesting effort according to current conditions to balance the costs and benefits of current reproduction with their long-term needs for survival and future reproduction. However, responses to the same habitat conditions may differ between species, even within the same ecosystem, to produce different nesting and population patterns. We examined differences in the nesting ecology of two sympatric wading species, Great Egret (Ardea alba) and White Ibis (Eudocimus albus), between years with high (2006) and below-average (2007) prey availability in the Florida Everglades. Clutch size of White Ibises decreased by similar to 19% from 2006 to 2007, whereas Great Egret clutch size remained constant. Model selection identified rain, water depth, Julian date, year, and prey biomass as parameters that most influenced daily survival rates (DSR) of White Ibis nests, whereas nest stage, region, Julian date, water depth, and the quadratic form of water recession rate most influenced Great Egret nest DSR. Daily survival for both Great Egret and Whites Ibis nests was higher in 2006 (DSR = 0.992 and 0.999, respectively) than in 2007 (DSR = 0.981 and 0.979). Our results support the hypothesis that prey availability and hydrological factors play crucial roles in regulating populations of wading birds in the Florida Everglades. Results also demonstrated that White Ibis reproduction was more sensitive to changes in hydrological conditions and prey availability than Great Egret reproduction. Received 21 August 2009, accepted 23 January 2010.
C1 [Herring, Garth; Gawlik, Dale E.; Beerens, James M.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA.
[Cook, Mark. I.] S Florida Water Management Dist, Everglades Div, W Palm Beach, FL 33406 USA.
RP Herring, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis Field Stn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM gherring@ucdavis.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; South Florida Water Management District;
Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge
FX Funding for research was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
and South Florida Water Management District. We thank T. Dean for his
support in implementing this study. We appreciate the support and
cooperation of the Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife
Refuge staff. P. Dixon, H. Herring, S. Milton, A. Rodewald, J. Volin,
and three anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments on drafts of
the manuscript. We thank our field research crews and fellow researchers
that assisted in collection of field data: T. Anderson, T. Beck, E.
Call, H. Herring, N. Hill, A. Horton, B. Imdieke, M. Kobza, and S.
Lantz. Research techniques were approved by the Florida Atlantic
University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (Protocol A0534)
and conducted under U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Research Permit 23354
and Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Scientific
Research Permit WX04487.
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PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 127
IS 3
BP 660
EP 670
DI 10.1525/auk.2010.09144
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 637ZM
UT WOS:000280858300020
ER
PT J
AU Chesser, RT
Banks, RC
Barker, FK
Cicero, C
Dunn, JL
Kratter, AW
Lovette, IJ
Rasmussen, PC
Remsen, JV
Rising, JD
Stotz, DF
Winker, K
AF Chesser, R. Terry
Banks, Richard C.
Barker, F. Keith
Cicero, Carla
Dunn, Jon L.
Kratter, Andrew W.
Lovette, Irby J.
Rasmussen, Pamela C.
Remsen, J. V., Jr.
Rising, James D.
Stotz, Douglas F.
Winker, Kevin
TI FIFTY-FIRST SUPPLEMENT TO THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS' UNION CHECK-LIST
OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
ID DNA SEQUENCE DATA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; HOLARCTIC
PASSERINE; BARBETS AVES; WORLD JAYS; CLASSIFICATION; PASSERIFORMES;
HISTORY; NUCLEAR
C1 [Chesser, R. Terry; Banks, Richard C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Chesser, R. Terry; Barker, F. Keith] Univ Minnesota, Bell Museum Nat Hist, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Cicero, Carla] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kratter, Andrew W.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Lovette, Irby J.] Cornell Lab Ornithol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Rasmussen, Pamela C.] Michigan State Univ, Museum & Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Remsen, J. V., Jr.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Rising, James D.] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ramsay Wright Zool Labs, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada.
[Stotz, Douglas F.] Field Museum Nat Hist, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
[Winker, Kevin] Univ Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Chesser, RT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 111,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM chessert@si.edu
RI Barker, Keith/K-2795-2012; Winker, Kevin/M-2042-2014; Lovette,
Irby/P-3477-2014
OI Barker, Keith/0000-0001-7488-2470; Winker, Kevin/0000-0002-8985-8104;
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PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
EI 1938-4254
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 127
IS 3
BP 726
EP 744
DI 10.1525/auk.2010.127.3.726
PG 19
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 637ZM
UT WOS:000280858300029
ER
PT J
AU Cleveland, CC
Houlton, BZ
Neill, C
Reed, SC
Townsend, AR
Wang, YP
AF Cleveland, Cory C.
Houlton, Benjamin Z.
Neill, Christopher
Reed, Sasha C.
Townsend, Alan R.
Wang, Yingping
TI Using indirect methods to constrain symbiotic nitrogen fixation rates: a
case study from an Amazonian rain forest
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Amazon Basin; Ecosystem modeling; Mass balance; Nitrogen fixation;
Nutrient cycling; Rondonia; Tropical forest
ID BRAZILIAN AMAZON; OXIDE EMISSIONS; TROPICAL FOREST; ECOSYSTEM
DEVELOPMENT; ORGANIC-MATTER; SOIL CARBON; LEAF-LITTER; RONDONIA;
PASTURE; PHOSPHORUS
AB Human activities have profoundly altered the global nitrogen (N) cycle. Increases in anthropogenic N have had multiple effects on the atmosphere, on terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems, and even on human health. Unfortunately, methodological limitations challenge our ability to directly measure natural N inputs via biological N fixation (BNF)-the largest natural source of new N to ecosystems. This confounds efforts to quantify the extent of anthropogenic perturbation to the N cycle. To address this gap, we used a pair of indirect methods-analytical modeling and N balance-to generate independent estimates of BNF in a presumed hotspot of N fixation, a tropical rain forest site in central Rondnia in the Brazilian Amazon Basin. Our objectives were to attempt to constrain symbiotic N fixation rates in this site using indirect methods, and to assess strengths and weaknesses of this approach by looking for areas of convergence and disagreement between the estimates. This approach yielded two remarkably similar estimates of N fixation. However, when compared to a previously published bottom-up estimate, our analysis indicated much lower N inputs via symbiotic BNF in the Rondnia site than has been suggested for the tropics as a whole. This discrepancy may reflect errors associated with extrapolating bottom-up fluxes from plot-scale measures, those resulting from the indirect analyses, and/or the relatively low abundance of legumes at the Rondnia site. While indirect methods have some limitations, we suggest that until the technological challenges of directly measuring N fixation are overcome, integrated approaches that employ a combination of model-generated and empirically-derived data offer a promising way of constraining N inputs via BNF in natural ecosystems.
C1 [Cleveland, Cory C.; Reed, Sasha C.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Houlton, Benjamin Z.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, MT 59812 USA.
[Neill, Christopher] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Reed, Sasha C.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
[Townsend, Alan R.] Univ Colorado, Earth & Environm Sci Inst, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Townsend, Alan R.] Univ Colorado, Earth & Environm Sci Inst, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Wang, Yingping] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Aspendale, Vic 3195, Australia.
RP Cleveland, CC (reprint author), Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, 32 Campus Dr,CHCB 423B, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM cory.cleveland@umontana.edu
RI wang, yp/A-9765-2011
FU steering committee of the International Nitrogen Initiative; Brazilian
Government; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation; National Science Foundation
(NSF) [DEB-0515744, DEB-0315656]; NASA [NCC5-285]
FX We are grateful to the steering committee of the International Nitrogen
Initiative, the organizers of the fourth Annual Nitrogen Conference, and
to the Brazilian Government for funding. We also thank N. Ascarrunz, A.
Austin, R. Boddey, J. Chaves, E. Davidson, C. Gehring, R. Howarth, E.
Medina, J. Sprent, and the other participants of Working Group 1 for
insightful discussions during the workshop and while writing this
manuscript, Edith Bai for assistance with figure production, and Josh
Schimel and one anonymous reviewer for providing a number of comments
that improved the manuscript. We acknowledge and are grateful for
financial support from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation (C.C. and B.H.),
the National Science Foundation (NSF DEB-0515744 to C.C. and A.T. and
DEB-0315656 to C.N.), and the NASA LBA Program (NCC5-285 to C.N.).
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 99
IS 1-3
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1007/s10533-009-9392-y
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 613ZV
UT WOS:000279025100001
ER
PT J
AU Sickman, JO
DiGiorgio, CL
Davisson, ML
Lucero, DM
Bergamaschi, B
AF Sickman, James O.
DiGiorgio, Carol L.
Davisson, M. Lee
Lucero, Delores M.
Bergamaschi, Brian
TI Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally
dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin
River Basin, California
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Rivers; Dissolved organic carbon; Radiocarbon; Sacramento-San Joaquin
Delta; XAD resins
ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER; BLACK CARBON; PEAT SOILS; MATTER; EXPORT; DELTA;
C-14; DEPOSITION; WATER; LAKE
AB We used radiocarbon measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to resolve sources of riverine carbon within agriculturally dominated landscapes in California. During 2003 and 2004, average Delta(14)C for DOC was -254aEuro degrees in agricultural drains in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, -218aEuro degrees in the San Joaquin River, -175aEuro degrees in the California State Water Project and -152aEuro degrees in the Sacramento River. The age of bulk DOC transiting the rivers of California's Central Valley is the oldest reported for large rivers and suggests wide-spread loss of soil organic matter caused by agriculture and urbanization. Using DAX 8 adsorbent, we isolated and measured (14)C concentrations in hydrophobic acid fractions (HPOA); river samples showed evidence of bomb-pulse carbon with average Delta(14)C of 91 and 76aEuro degrees for the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers, respectively, with older HPOA, -204aEuro degrees, observed in agricultural drains. An operationally defined non-HPOA fraction of DOC was observed in the San Joaquin River with seasonally computed Delta(14)C values of between -275 and -687aEuro degrees; the source of this aged material was hypothesized to be physically protected organic-matter in high clay-content soils and agrochemicals (i.e., radiocarbon-dead material) applied to farmlands. Mixing models suggest that the Sacramento River contributes about 50% of the DOC load in the California State Water Project, and agricultural drains contribute approximately one-third of the load. In contrast to studies showing stabilization of soil carbon pools within one or two decades following land conversion, sustained loss of soil organic matter, occurring many decades after the initial agricultural-land conversion, was observed in California's Central Valley.
C1 [Sickman, James O.; Lucero, Delores M.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[DiGiorgio, Carol L.] Calif State Dept Water Resources, Off Water Qual, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[Davisson, M. Lee] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Bergamaschi, Brian] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA.
RP Sickman, JO (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
EM jsickman@ucr.edu; caroldi@water.ca.gov; davisson2@llnl.gov;
dlucero@ucr.edu; bbergama@usgs.gov
RI Bergamaschi, Brian/D-8325-2012
OI Bergamaschi, Brian/0000-0002-9610-5581
FU CALFED; California State Water Contractors
FX This study was a collaborative effort of Municipal Water Quality
Investigations of the Department of Water Resources (DWR). We
specifically thank DWR Field Staff, David Gonzalez, Steven San Julian,
Walt Lambert and Arin Conner for assistance with water sampling. We
thank the Center For Accelerator Mass Spectrometry at Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory for conducting the radiocarbon measurements.
Supporting laboratory analyses were conducted by the Bryte Analytical
Laboratory. Funding was provided by the CALFED Bay Delta Program and the
California State Water Contractors.
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PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 99
IS 1-3
BP 79
EP 96
DI 10.1007/s10533-009-9391-z
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 613ZV
UT WOS:000279025100006
ER
PT J
AU McFarland, JW
Ruess, RW
Kielland, K
Pregitzer, K
Hendrick, R
AF McFarland, Jack W.
Ruess, Roger W.
Kielland, Knut
Pregitzer, Kurt
Hendrick, Ronald
TI Glycine mineralization in situ closely correlates with soil carbon
availability across six North American forest ecosystems
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Soil free amino acid; Glycine; (13)C; Soil C and N; Mineralizable C;
Forest soils
ID ARBUSCULAR-MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; AMINO-ACID BIODEGRADATION; COLD-TEMPERATE
FORESTS; ORGANIC-NITROGEN; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; LITTER QUALITY;
PLANT-COMMUNITIES; INTERIOR ALASKA; TRACE AMOUNTS; DECOMPOSITION
AB Free amino acids (FAA) constitute a significant fraction of dissolved organic nitrogen (N) in forest soils and play an important role in the N cycle of these ecosystems. However, comparatively little attention has been given to their role as labile carbon (C) substrates that might influence the metabolic status of resident microbial populations. We hypothesized that the residence time of simple C substrates, such as FAA, are mechanistically linked to the turnover of endogenous soil C pools. We tested this hypothesis across a latitudinal gradient of forested ecosystems that differ sharply with regard to climate, overstory taxon, and edaphic properties. Using a combined laboratory and field approach, we compared the turnover of isotopically labeled glycine in situ to the turnover of mineralizable soil C (C(min)) at each site. The turnover of glycine was rapid (residence times < 2 h) regardless of soil type. However, across all ecosystems glycine turnover rates were strongly correlated with indices of soil organic matter quality. For example, C:N ratios for the upper soil horizons explained similar to 80% of the variability observed in glycine turnover, and there was a strong positive correlation between in situ glycine-C turnover and C(min) measured in the laboratory. The turnover of glycine in situ was better explained by changes in soil C availability than cross-ecosystem variation in soil temperature or concentrations of dissolved inorganic N and FAA-N. This suggests the consumption of these low-molecular-weight substrates by soil microorganisms may be governed as much by the overall decomposability of soil C as by N limitation to microbial growth.
C1 [McFarland, Jack W.] Univ Alaska, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Ruess, Roger W.; Kielland, Knut] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Pregitzer, Kurt] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Hendrick, Ronald] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP McFarland, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 962, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jwmcfarland@alaska.edu; rwruess@alaska.edu; ffkk@uaf.edu;
ksp@cabnr.unr.edu; rhendric@uga.edu
FU University of Alaska's Center for Global Change; National Science
Foundation; Bonanza Creek LTER
FX Greg Mauer, Jennifer Mitchell, and Jason Schneider provided invaluable
assistance in the field. We also wish to thank Lee Ogden of the Warnell
School of Forest Resources at the University of Georgia, and Dr. Andrew
Burton of the School of Forest Resources & Environmental Sciences at
Michigan Technological University, for their extraordinary logistical
support during our field efforts. Dr. Adrien C. Finzi, Dr. Stephen C.
Hart and Dr. F. Stuart 'Terry' Chapin III and two anonymous reviewers
greatly improved the quality of this manuscript with their comments.
This research was supported through grants from the University of
Alaska's Center for Global Change, the National Science Foundation's
Ecosystem program, and the Bonanza Creek LTER program.
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PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 99
IS 1-3
BP 175
EP 191
DI 10.1007/s10533-009-9400-2
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 613ZV
UT WOS:000279025100012
ER
PT J
AU Martin, J
O'Connell, AF
Kendall, WL
Runge, MC
Simons, TR
Waldstein, AH
Schulte, SA
Converse, SJ
Smith, GW
Pinion, T
Rikard, M
Zipkin, EF
AF Martin, Julien
O'Connell, Allan F., Jr.
Kendall, William L.
Runge, Michael C.
Simons, Theodore R.
Waldstein, Arielle H.
Schulte, Shiloh A.
Converse, Sarah. J.
Smith, Graham W.
Pinion, Timothy
Rikard, Michael
Zipkin, Elise F.
TI Optimal control of native predators
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Structured decision-making; Threatened and endangered species; Raccoons;
Oystercatchers; Adaptive management
ID DECISION-MAKING; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; POPULATIONS; UNCERTAINTY;
REMOVAL
AB We apply decision theory in a structured decision-making framework to evaluate how control of raccoons (Procyon to for), a native predator, can promote the conservation of a declining population of American Oystercatchers (Haematopus palliatus) on the Outer Banks of North Carolina. Our management objective was to maintain Oystercatcher productivity above a level deemed necessary for population recovery while minimizing raccoon removal. We evaluated several scenarios including no raccoon removal, and applied an adaptive optimization algorithm to account for parameter uncertainty. We show how adaptive optimization can be used to account for uncertainties about how raccoon control may affect Oystercatcher productivity. Adaptive management can reduce this type of uncertainty and is particularly well suited for addressing controversial management issues such as native predator control. The case study also offers several insights that may be relevant to the optimal control of other native predators. First, we found that stage-specific removal policies (e.g., yearling versus adult raccoon removals) were most efficient if the reproductive values among stage classes were very different. Second, we found that the optimal control of raccoons would result in higher Oystercatcher productivity than the minimum levels recommended for this species. Third, we found that removing more raccoons initially minimized the total number of removals necessary to meet long term management objectives. Finally, if for logistical reasons managers cannot sustain a removal program by removing a minimum number of raccoons annually, managers may run the risk of creating an ecological trap for Oystercatchers. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Martin, Julien] Univ Florida, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Martin, Julien; Kendall, William L.; Runge, Michael C.; Converse, Sarah. J.; Smith, Graham W.; Zipkin, Elise F.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Martin, Julien] Florida Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[O'Connell, Allan F., Jr.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Simons, Theodore R.; Waldstein, Arielle H.; Schulte, Shiloh A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, USCS N Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27622 USA.
[Pinion, Timothy] Natl Pk Serv, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
[Rikard, Michael] Cape Lookout Natl Seashore, Hackers Isl, NC 28531 USA.
RP Martin, J (reprint author), 100 8th Ave SE, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM julienm@ufl.edu; oconnell@usgs.gov; wkendall@usgs.gov; mrunge@usgs.gov;
tsimons@ncsu.edu; ahwaldst@ncsu.edu; shiloh.schulte@gmail.com;
sconverse@usgs.gov; gwsmith@usgs.gov; timothy_pinion@nps.gov;
mrikard@nps.gov; ezipkin@usgs.gov
RI Runge, Michael/E-7331-2011;
OI Runge, Michael/0000-0002-8081-536X; Converse, Sarah
J/0000-0002-3719-5441
FU US Geological Survey; Cape Lookout National Seashore
FX We thank C. McCowan, M. Ratnaswamy, and two anonymous reviewers for
comments on earlier drafts. This work was supported by the Status and
Trends Program and the Natural Resources Preservation Program of the US
Geological Survey. We are particularly grateful to Paul Geissler and the
staff at Cape Lookout National Seashore for sponsoring and coordinating
this research.
NR 32
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 143
IS 7
BP 1751
EP 1758
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2010.04.023
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 619FE
UT WOS:000279413800019
ER
PT J
AU Belant, JL
Adams, LG
AF Belant, Jerrold L.
Adams, Layne G.
TI Wolves Will Not Provide Small-scale Ecological Restoration
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
ID YELLOWSTONE ELK; PREDATION; MOOSE
C1 [Belant, Jerrold L.] Mississippi State Univ, Carnivore Ecol Lab, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Adams, Layne G.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Belant, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Carnivore Ecol Lab, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM jbelant@cfr.msstate.edu; ladams@usgs.gov
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0006-3568
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 60
IS 7
BP 485
EP 485
DI 10.1525/bio.2010.60.7.18
PG 1
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 625FH
UT WOS:000279879600002
ER
PT J
AU Mech, LD
Ballard, W
Bangs, E
Ream, B
AF Mech, L. David
Ballard, Warren
Bangs, Ed
Ream, Bob
TI Restricting Wolves Risks Escapes
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Mech, L. David] US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Ballard, Warren] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Bangs, Ed] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arlington, VA USA.
RP Mech, LD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 2
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U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0006-3568
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 60
IS 7
BP 485
EP 486
DI 10.1525/bio.2010.60.7.19
PG 2
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 625FH
UT WOS:000279879600003
ER
PT J
AU Mech, LD
Cluff, HD
AF Mech, L. David
Cluff, H. Dean
TI Prolonged Intensive Dominance Behavior Between Gray Wolves, Canis lupus
SO CANADIAN FIELD-NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Gray Wolf; Canis lupus; behavior; dispersal; dominance behavior;
harassment; parent-offspring conflict; Arctic; Nunavut; Canada
ID WILD WOLVES; WOLF; PACKS
AB Dominance is one of the most pervasive and important behaviors among wolves in a pack, yet its significance in free-ranging packs has been little studied. Insights into a behavior can often be gained by examining unusual examples of it. In the High Arctic near Eureka, Nunavut, Canada, we videotaped and described an unusually prolonged and intensive behavioral bout between an adult male Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) and a male member of his pack, thought to be a maturing son. With tail raised, the adult approached a male pack mate about 50 in from us and pinned and straddled this packmate repeatedly over 6.5 minutes, longer than we had ever seen in over 50 years of studying wolves. We interpreted this behavior as an extreme example of an adult wolf harassing a maturing offspring, perhaps in prelude to the offspring's dispersal.
C1 [Mech, L. David] US Geol Survey, No Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Cluff, H. Dean] Govt NW Terr, Dept Environm & Nat Resources, Yellowknife, NT X1A 2P9, Canada.
RP Mech, LD (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Raptor Ctr, 1920 Fitch Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM david_mech@usgs.gov; dean_cluff@gov.nt.ca
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey. Atmospheric
Environment Sciences of Canada and Polar Continental Shelf Project
provided logistical support. C. Asa, F. Harrington, J. Way, and an
anonymous referee suggestsed comments that improved the manuscript. This
is PCSP/EPCP paper 05009.
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PU OTTAWA FIELD-NATURALISTS CLUB
PI OTTAWA
PA PO BOX 35069, WESTGATE PO, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1Z 1A2, CANADA
SN 0008-3550
J9 CAN FIELD NAT
JI Can. Field-Nat.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2010
VL 124
IS 3
BP 215
EP 218
PG 4
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 823HM
UT WOS:000295113100004
ER
PT J
AU Mech, LD
AF Mech, L. David
TI Proportion of Calves and Adult Muskoxen, Ovibos moschatus Killed by Gray
Wolves, Canis lupus, in July on Ellesmere Island
SO CANADIAN FIELD-NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Gray Wolves; Canis lupus; Muskox; Ovibos moschatus; nutrition;
predation; predator-prey relations; arctic
ID WOLF; SYSTEM; WINTER
AB Generally Gray Wolves (Canis lupus L., 1758) tend to focus predation on young-of-the-year ungulates during summer, and I hypothesized that wolves preying on Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus Zimmerman, 1780) in summer would follow that trend. Over 23 July periods observing wolves on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada, 1 found that packs of 2-12 adult wolves killed seven calves, one yearling, and five adult muskoxen at distances of 2.9 to 32 km from their current dens and pups. Given a possible bias against Finding calves because of their fewer remains, these results do not necessarily refute the hypothesis, but they do make it clear that adult muskoxen form an important part of the wolves' diet in July and thus possibly at other times during summer.
C1 [Mech, L. David] US Geol Survey, No Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
RP Mech, LD (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Raptor Ctr, 1920 Fitch Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM david_mech@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Environment Canada
FX This study was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, Environment
Canada and the Polar Continental Shelf Project (PCSP) provided
logistical support for which I am also grateful, and the Department of
Environment, Nunavut issued the research permit. I also thank several
colleagues for assisting with the fieldwork, and L. G. Adams, D. R.
MacNulty, and C. Darimont for critiquing the manuscript and offering
helpful suggestions for improving it. This is PCSP paper 04009.
NR 14
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U1 5
U2 14
PU OTTAWA FIELD-NATURALISTS CLUB
PI OTTAWA
PA PO BOX 35069, WESTGATE PO, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1Z 1A2, CANADA
SN 0008-3550
J9 CAN FIELD NAT
JI Can. Field-Nat.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2010
VL 124
IS 3
BP 258
EP 260
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 823HM
UT WOS:000295113100011
ER
PT J
AU Ager, TA
Carrara, PE
McGeehin, JP
AF Ager, T. A.
Carrara, P. E.
McGeehin, J. P.
TI Ecosystem development in the Girdwood area, south-central Alaska,
following late Wisconsin glaciation
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; HOLOCENE GLACIER FLUCTUATIONS; VEGETATION HISTORY;
KENAI PENINSULA; PLEISTOCENE; CALIBRATION; MAXIMUM; CLIMATE; REGION
AB Pollen analysis of two cores with discontinuous records from a peat bog near Girdwood, in south-central Alaska. provides the basis for reconstructing the first radiocarbon-dated outline of postglacial history of vegetation in the upper Turnagain Arm area of Cook Inlet. Pollen data from clayey silt underlying peat at one site indicate that the earliest known vegetation in the Girdwood area was shrub-herb tundra. Tundra vegetation developed by similar to 13 800 cal years BP. soon after local retreat of glacial ice from the maximum position of the Elmendorf glacial advance (similar to 15 000 - 11 000 cal years BP). By similar to 10 900 cal years BP, the tundra vegetation became shrubbier as Betula nana, Salix, and Ericales increased, and scattered Alnus shrubs began to colonize Turnagain Arm. By similar to 9600 cal years BP. Abuts thickets with Polypodiaceae ferns became the dominant vegetation. By similar to 6600 cal years BP, birch trees (Betula neoalaskana. B. kenaica) from the Anchorage and Kenai lowlands began to spread eastward into eastern Turnagain Arm. Mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) began to colonize the Girdwood area by similar to 3400 cal years BR followed soon after by Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), both Pacific coastal forest species that spread westward from Prince William Sound after a long migration from southeastern Alaska. For at least the past 2700 cal years. Pacific coastal forest composed mostly of Tsuga mertensiana, Picea sitchensis, and Alnus has been the dominant vegetation of eastern Turnagain Arm.
C1 [Ager, T. A.; Carrara, P. E.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[McGeehin, J. P.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Ager, TA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Mail Stop 980,Box 25046, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM tager@usgs.gov
FU United States Geological Survey (USGS)
FX The United States Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Surface Dynamics
Program provided funding for this research. The authors acknowledge the
fieldwork assistance by US Geological Survey scientists Dan Muhs in 1996
and 1997, Tom Hamilton in 1998, and Larry Gough in 2002. The authors
gratefully acknowledge the constructive comments of Robert Thompson,
Laura Strickland, Dan Muhs, Scott Anderson, and an anonymous reviewer
who critically read previous drafts of this paper. We also acknowledge
the helpful editorial guidance provided by Robert Gilbert and Timothy
Fisher, associate editors, acting on behalf of Canadian Journal of Earth
Sciences.
NR 51
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U1 0
U2 9
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4077
J9 CAN J EARTH SCI
JI Can. J. Earth Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 7
BP 971
EP 985
DI 10.1139/E10-020
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 645HA
UT WOS:000281441900003
ER
PT J
AU Jorgenson, MT
Romanovsky, V
Harden, J
Shur, Y
O'Donnell, J
Schuur, EAG
Kanevskiy, M
Marchenko, S
AF Jorgenson, M. Torre
Romanovsky, Vladimir
Harden, Jennifer
Shur, Yuri
O'Donnell, Jonathan
Schuur, Edward A. G.
Kanevskiy, Mikhail
Marchenko, Sergei
TI Resilience and vulnerability of permafrost to climate change
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK SPRUCE ECOSYSTEMS; SITU TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS; SOIL
THERMAL-PROPERTIES; INTERIOR ALASKA; ACTIVE LAYER; DISCONTINUOUS
PERMAFROST; CARBON STORAGE; THERMOKARST; TUNDRA; THAW
AB The resilience and vulnerability of permafrost to climate change depends on complex interactions among topography, water, soil, vegetation, and snow, which allow permafrost to persist at mean annual air temperatures (MAATs) as high as +2 degrees C and degrade at MAATs as low as -20 degrees C. To assess these interactions, we compiled existing data and tested effects of varying conditions on mean annual surface temperatures (MASTs) and 2 m deep temperatures (MADTs) through modeling. Surface water had the largest effect, with water sediment temperatures being similar to 10 degrees C above MAAT. A 50% reduction in snow depth reduces MADT by 2 degrees C. Elevation changes between 200 and 800 m increases MAAT by up to 2.3 degrees C and snow depths by similar to 40%. Aspect caused only a similar to 1 degrees C difference in MAST. Covarying vegetation structure, organic matter thickness, soil moisture, and snow depth of terrestrial ecosystems, ranging from barren silt to white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) forest to tussock shrub, affect MASTs by similar to 6 degrees C and MADTs by similar to 7 degrees C. Groundwater at 2-7 degrees C greatly affects lateral and internal permafrost thawing. Analyses show that vegetation succession provides strong negative feedbacks that make permafrost resilient to even large increases in air temperatures. Surface water, which is affected by topography and ground ice, provides even stronger negative feedbacks that make permafrost vulnerable to thawing even under cold temperatures.
C1 [Jorgenson, M. Torre] Alaska Ecosci, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Romanovsky, Vladimir; Marchenko, Sergei] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Harden, Jennifer] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Shur, Yuri; Kanevskiy, Mikhail] Univ Alaska, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[O'Donnell, Jonathan] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Schuur, Edward A. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Jorgenson, MT (reprint author), Alaska Ecosci, 2332 Cordes Way, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
EM ecoscience@alaska.net
FU National Science Foundation [OPP-0436165, ARC-0612533, EPSCoR-0701898,
DEB-0080609]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grants
OPP-0436165, ARC-0612533, EPSCoR-0701898, and DEB-0080609 for the
Bonanza Creek LTER. Any opinions and findings expressed in this material
are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
National Science Foundation. We appreciate the constructive comments
provided by Stephanie Ewing, Jerry Brown, Dave McGuire, and an anonymous
reviewer.
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PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
EI 1208-6037
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 7
BP 1219
EP 1236
DI 10.1139/X10-060
PG 18
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 642JO
UT WOS:000281208900004
ER
PT J
AU Kasischke, ES
Verbyla, DL
Rupp, TS
McGuire, AD
Murphy, KA
Jandt, R
Barnes, JL
Hoy, EE
Duffy, PA
Calef, M
Turetsky, MR
AF Kasischke, Eric S.
Verbyla, David L.
Rupp, T. Scott
McGuire, A. David
Murphy, Karen A.
Jandt, Randi
Barnes, Jennifer L.
Hoy, Elizabeth E.
Duffy, Paul A.
Calef, Monika
Turetsky, Merritt R.
TI Alaska's changing fire regime - implications for the vulnerability of
its boreal forests
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK SPRUCE FORESTS; NORMALIZED BURN RATIO; INTERIOR ALASKA;
SPATIAL-PATTERNS; HUMAN IMPACTS; EL-NINO; SEVERITY; WILDFIRE; WEATHER;
VEGETATION
AB A synthesis was carried out to examine Alaska's boreal forest fire regime. During the 2000s, an average of 767 000 ha.year(-1) burned, 50% higher than in any previous decade since the 1940s. Over the past 60 years, there was a decrease in the number of lightning-ignited fires, an increase in extreme lightning-ignited fire events, an increase in human-ignited fires, and a decrease in the number of extreme human-ignited fire events. The fraction of area burned from human-ignited fires fell from 26% for the 1950s and 1960s to 5% for the 1990s and 2000s, a result from the change in fire policy that gave the highest suppression priorities to fire events that occurred near human settlements. The amount of area burned during late-season fires increased over the past two decades. Deeper burning of surface organic layers in black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) forests occurred during late-growing-season fires and on more well-drained sites. These trends all point to black spruce forests becoming increasingly vulnerable to the combined changes of key characteristics of Alaska's fire regime, except on poorly drained sites, which are resistant to deep burning. The implications of these fire regime changes to the vulnerability and resilience of Alaska's boreal forests and land and fire management are discussed.
C1 [Kasischke, Eric S.; Hoy, Elizabeth E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Verbyla, David L.; Rupp, T. Scott; Duffy, Paul A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Forest Sci, Sch Nat Resources & Agr Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[McGuire, A. David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Murphy, Karen A.] Natl Wildlife Refuge Syst, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Jandt, Randi] Alaska Fire Serv, Bur Land Management, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA.
[Barnes, Jennifer L.] Natl Pk Serv, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Calef, Monika] SUNY Albany, Dept Geog & Planning, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Turetsky, Merritt R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Kasischke, ES (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, 2181 LeFrak Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM ekasisch@umd.edu
RI Turetsky, Merritt/B-1255-2013; Jandt, Randi/E-9018-2013
FU NSF [DEB-0423442]; USDA Forest Service (Pacific Northwest Research
Station) [PNW01-JV11261952-231]; USDA [2008-35615-18959]; NASA
[NNG04GD25G, NNG04GR24G]
FX The research in this paper was supported by the Bonanza Creek Long Term
Ecological Research program funded jointly by NSF (grant DEB-0423442)
and the USDA Forest Service (Pacific Northwest Research Station (grant
PNW01-JV11261952-231), and the USDA (CSREES grant 2008-35615-18959)) and
NASA (grants NNG04GD25G and NNG04GR24G).
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PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
EI 1208-6037
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 7
BP 1313
EP 1324
DI 10.1139/X10-098
PG 12
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 642JO
UT WOS:000281208900010
ER
PT J
AU McGuire, AD
Chapin, FS
Ruess, RW
AF McGuire, A. David
Chapin, F. S., III
Ruess, R. W.
TI Foreword
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID REGIME SHIFTS; RESILIENCE
C1 [McGuire, A. David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Chapin, F. S., III; Ruess, R. W.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP McGuire, AD (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 0
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 7
BP 1195
EP 1196
PG 2
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 642JO
UT WOS:000281208900001
ER
PT J
AU McGuire, AD
Ruess, RW
Lloyd, A
Yarie, J
Clein, JS
Juday, GP
AF McGuire, A. David
Ruess, Roger W.
Lloyd, A.
Yarie, J.
Clein, Joy S.
Juday, Glenn P.
TI Vulnerability of white spruce tree growth in interior Alaska in response
to climate variability: dendrochronological, demographic, and
experimental perspectives
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID TANANA RIVER FLOODPLAIN; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; PRODUCTIVITY; SUCCESSION;
CARBON; SOILS
AB This paper integrates dendrochronological, demographic, and experimental perspectives to improve understanding of the response of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) tree growth to climatic variability in interior Alaska. The dendrochronological analyses indicate that climate warming has led to widespread declines in white spruce growth throughout interior Alaska that have become more prevalent during the 20th century. Similarly, demographic studies show that white spruce tree growth is substantially limited by soil moisture availability in both mid- and late-successional stands. Interannual variability in tree growth among stands within a landscape exhibits greater synchrony than does growth of trees that occupy different landscapes, which agrees with dendrochronological findings that the responses depend on landscape position and prevailing climate. In contrast, the results from 18 years of a summer moisture limitation experiment showed that growth in midsuccessional upland stands was unaffected by moisture limitation and that moisture limitation decreased white spruce growth in floodplain stands where it was expected that growth would be less vulnerable because of tree access to river water. Taken together, the evidence from the different perspectives analyzed in this study clearly indicates that white spruce tree growth in interior Alaska is vulnerable to the effects of warming on plant water balance.
C1 [McGuire, A. David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Ruess, Roger W.; Clein, Joy S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Yarie, J.; Juday, Glenn P.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Forest Sci, Sch Nat Resources & Agr Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Lloyd, A.] Middlebury Coll, Dept Biol, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA.
RP McGuire, AD (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM admcguire@alaska.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0423442]; USDA Forest Service (Pacific
Northwest Research Station) [PNW01-JV11261952-231]; USDA
[2008-35615-18959]
FX The research in this paper was supported by the Bonanza Creek LTER
(Long-Term Ecological Research) program funded jointly by the National
Science Foundation (grant DEB-0423442) and the USDA Forest Service
(Pacific Northwest Research Station (grant PNW01-JV11261952-231) and the
USDA (CSREES grant 2008-35615-18959)).
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PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 7
BP 1197
EP 1209
DI 10.1139/X09-206
PG 13
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 642JO
UT WOS:000281208900002
ER
PT J
AU Turetsky, MR
Mack, MC
Hollingsworth, TN
Harden, JW
AF Turetsky, Merritt R.
Mack, Michelle C.
Hollingsworth, Teresa N.
Harden, Jennifer W.
TI The role of mosses in ecosystem succession and function in Alaska's
boreal forest
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK SPRUCE FORESTS; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; LONG-TERM DECOMPOSITION;
FINE-ROOT DYNAMICS; SCOTS PINE FOREST; MASS-LOSS RATES; LITTER
DECOMPOSITION; INTERIOR ALASKA; PLANT BIOMASS; SPECIES COMPOSITION
AB Shifts in moss communities may affect the resilience of boreal ecosystems to a changing climate because of the role of moss species in regulating soil climate and biogeochemical cycling. Here, we use long-term data analysis and literature synthesis to examine the role of moss in ecosystem succession, productivity, and decomposition. In Alaskan forests, moss abundance showed a unimodal distribution with time since fire, peaking 30-70 years post-fire. We found no evidence of mosses compensating for low vascular productivity in low-fertility sites at large scales, although a trade-off between moss and vascular productivity was evident in intermediate-productivity sites. Mosses contributed 48% and 20% of wetland and upland productivity, respectively, but produced tissue that decomposed more slowly than both nonwoody and woody vascular tissues. Increasing fire frequency in Alaska is likely to favor feather moss proliferation and decrease Sphagnum abundance, which will reduce soil moisture retention and decrease peat accumulation, likely leading to deeper burning during wildfire and accelerated permafrost thaw. The roles of moss traits in regulating key aspects of boreal performance (ecosystem N supply, C sequestration, permafrost stability, and fire severity) represent critical areas for understanding the resilience of Alaska's boreal forest region under changing climate and disturbance regimes.
C1 [Turetsky, Merritt R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 1G2, Canada.
[Mack, Michelle C.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Hollingsworth, Teresa N.] Pacific NW Res Stn, Boreal Ecol Cooperat Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Harden, Jennifer W.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Turetsky, MR (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 1G2, Canada.
EM mrt@uoguelph.ca
RI Turetsky, Merritt/B-1255-2013
FU NSF [DEB-0620579]; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research
Station [PNW01-JV11261952-231]
FX We thank LTER personnel, including Jamie Hollingsworth, Brian Charlton,
and the many field technicians who helped to collect the long-term data
presented here. Gabriela Blohm helped survey and organize moss
productivity data. Brian Benscoter, Dave McGuire, Terry Chapin, and Jill
Johnstone provided helpful comments and insights on previous drafts of
this manuscript. We also thank Tim Moore, Jill Bubier, Markus Thormann,
David Wardle, Leena Finer, and Zhang Peng for providing decomposition
data, Phil Camill for providing NPP data, and Jill Johnstone, Leslie
Viereck, and Nancy Werdin-Pfisterer for contributing moss abundance
data. This research was supported by the Bonanza Creek Long Term
Ecological Research program (funded jointly by NSF grant DEB-0620579 and
USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station grant
PNW01-JV11261952-231).
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PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 7
BP 1237
EP 1264
DI 10.1139/X10-072
PG 28
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 642JO
UT WOS:000281208900005
ER
PT J
AU Euskirchen, ES
McGuire, AD
Chapin, FS
Rupp, TS
AF Euskirchen, E. S.
McGuire, A. D.
Chapin, F. S., III
Rupp, T. S.
TI The changing effects of Alaska's boreal forests on the climate system
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID GLOBAL CARBON-CYCLE; INTERIOR ALASKA; NORTHERN LAKES; ENERGY-BALANCE;
SNOW-COVER; FEEDBACKS; PERMAFROST; TUNDRA; IMPACT; ALBEDO
AB In the boreal forests of Alaska, recent changes in climate have influenced the exchange of trace gases, water, and energy between these forests and the atmosphere. These changes in the structure and function of boreal forests can then feed back to impact regional and global climates. In this manuscript, we examine the type and magnitude of the climate feedbacks from boreal forests in Alaska. Research generally suggests that the net effect of a warming climate is a positive regional feedback to warming. Currently, the primary positive climate feedbacks are likely related to decreases in surface albedo due to decreases in snow cover. Fewer negative feedbacks have been identified, and they may not be large enough to counterbalance the large positive feedbacks. These positive feedbacks are most pronounced at the regional scale and reduce the resilience of the boreal vegetation - climate system by amplifying the rate of regional warming. Given the recent warming in this region, the large variety of associated mechanisms that can alter terrestrial ecosystems and influence the climate system, and a reduction in the boreal forest resilience, there is a strong need to continue to quantify and evaluate the feedback pathways.
C1 [Euskirchen, E. S.; Chapin, F. S., III] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[McGuire, A. D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Rupp, T. S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Forest Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Euskirchen, ES (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM seeuskirchen@alaska.edu
OI Chapin III, F Stuart/0000-0002-2558-9910
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0423442]; USDA Forest Service Pacific
Northwest Research Station [PNW01-JV11261952-231]
FX This research was supported by the Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological
Research Program (funded jointly by National Science Foundation grant
DEB-0423442 and USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station
grant PNW01-JV11261952-231). Support was also provided by a National
Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement on Circumpolar Synthesis and
Integration with the International Arctic Research Center.
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PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 7
BP 1336
EP 1346
DI 10.1139/X09-209
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 642JO
UT WOS:000281208900012
ER
PT J
AU Chapin, FS
McGuire, AD
Ruess, RW
Hollingsworth, TN
Mack, MC
Johnstone, JF
Kasischke, ES
Euskirchen, ES
Jones, JB
Jorgenson, MT
Kielland, K
Kofinas, GP
Turetsky, MR
Yarie, J
Lloyd, AH
Taylor, DL
AF Chapin, F. S., III
McGuire, A. D.
Ruess, R. W.
Hollingsworth, T. N.
Mack, M. C.
Johnstone, J. F.
Kasischke, E. S.
Euskirchen, E. S.
Jones, J. B.
Jorgenson, M. T.
Kielland, K.
Kofinas, G. P.
Turetsky, M. R.
Yarie, J.
Lloyd, A. H.
Taylor, D. L.
TI Resilience of Alaska's boreal forest to climatic change
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK SPRUCE FORESTS; INTERIOR ALASKA; CARBON-CYCLE; FIRE; ECOSYSTEMS;
SENSITIVITY; VULNERABILITY; PRODUCTIVITY; DISTURBANCE; FRUTICOSA
AB This paper assesses the resilience of Alaska's boreal forest system to rapid climatic change. Recent warming is associated with reduced growth of dominant tree species, plant disease and insect outbreaks, warming and thawing of permafrost, drying of lakes, increased wildfire extent, increased postfire recruitment of deciduous trees, and reduced safety of hunters traveling on river ice. These changes have modified key structural features, feedbacks, and interactions in the boreal forest, including reduced effects of upland permafrost on regional hydrology, expansion of boreal forest into tundra, and amplification of climate warming because of reduced albedo (shorter winter season) and carbon release from wildfires. Other temperature-sensitive processes for which no trends have been detected include composition of plant and microbial communities, long-term landscape-scale change in carbon stocks, stream discharge, mammalian population dynamics, and river access and subsistence opportunities for rural indigenous communities. Projections of continued warming suggest that Alaska's boreal forest will undergo significant functional and structural changes within the next few decades that are unprecedented in the last 6000 years. The impact of these social-ecological changes will depend in part on the extent of landscape reorganization between uplands and lowlands and on policies regulating subsistence opportunities for rural communities.
C1 [Chapin, F. S., III; Ruess, R. W.; Euskirchen, E. S.; Jones, J. B.; Kielland, K.; Taylor, D. L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[McGuire, A. D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Hollingsworth, T. N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn,Boreal Ecol Cooperat Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Mack, M. C.] Univ Florida, Dept Bot, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Johnstone, J. F.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
[Kasischke, E. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Jorgenson, M. T.] Alaska Ecosci, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Kofinas, G. P.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Nat Resources & Agr Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Turetsky, M. R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 1G2, Canada.
[Yarie, J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Forest Sci, Forest Soils Lab, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Lloyd, A. H.] Middlebury Coll, Dept Biol, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA.
RP Chapin, FS (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM terry.chapin@alaska.edu
RI Johnstone, Jill/C-9204-2009; Turetsky, Merritt/B-1255-2013;
OI Johnstone, Jill/0000-0001-6131-9339; Chapin III, F
Stuart/0000-0002-2558-9910
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0620579]; USDA Forest Service, Pacific
Northwest Research Station [PNW01-JV11261952-231]
FX We thank the numerous Bonanza Creek LTER investigators and
collaborators, including students and postdoctoral fellows, whose
research led to the conclusions synthesized in this paper. The LTER
program was funded jointly by National Science Foundation grant
DEB-0620579 and USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station,
grant PNW01-JV11261952-231. Other agencies that provided essential
support included the Joint Fire Sciences Program, the National
Atmospheric and Space Administration, and the US Geological Survey.
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PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
EI 1208-6037
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 7
BP 1360
EP 1370
DI 10.1139/X10-074
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 642JO
UT WOS:000281208900014
ER
PT J
AU Jarboe, NA
Coe, RS
Renne, PR
Glen, JMG
AF Jarboe, Nicholas A.
Coe, Robert S.
Renne, Paul R.
Glen, Jonathan M. G.
TI The age of the Steens reversal and the Columbia River Basalt Group
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetostratigraphy; Geochronology; (40)Ar/(39)Ar; Time scale; Columbia
River Basalt Group; Steens Mountain reversal
ID GEOMAGNETIC POLARITY TRANSITION; FLOOD-BASALT; AR-40/AR-39
GEOCHRONOLOGY; TIME-SCALE; OREGON; MOUNTAIN; ORIGIN; USA; CALIBRATION;
STANDARDS
AB The Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) eruptions have a well-defined relative magnetostratigraphy but have not been definitively correlated to the geomagnetic polarity time scale. (40)Ar/(39)Ar ages are presented from lavas erupted in the R(0) through N(1) magnetozones of the CRBG and in the transition between R(0) and N(0). Four ages from transitionally magnetized lava flows at Steens Mountain, Catlow Peak, and Poker Jim Ridge with a weighted mean age 16.58 +/- 0.10 Ma(1) and the more precise age 16.654 +/- 0.025 Ma of the normally magnetized Oregon Canyon tuff at the top of the Catlow Peak section show that the oldest CRBG magnetozone (R(0)) correlates with the C5Cr chron. Bayesian statistical analysis applied to data from four flows at Catlow Peak (using the mean age of the Steens reversal) gives a best and preferred age of the Steens reversal of 16.73 + 0.13/-0.08 Ma (95% confidence). Depending on the geomagnetic polarity time scale model, the eruption rate from N(0) through R(2) (0.34-0.45 Ma in the middle and the bulk of the CRBG emplacement) averaged 0.30-0.41 km(3)/a and peaked at a rate 1 1/2 to 4 1/2 times higher during R(2). (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jarboe, Nicholas A.; Coe, Robert S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Renne, Paul R.] Berkeley Geochronol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA.
[Renne, Paul R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Glen, Jonathan M. G.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Jarboe, NA (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM njarboe@pmc.ucsc.edu; rcoe@pmc.ucsc.edu; prenne@bgc.org; jglen@usgs.gov
OI Jarboe, Nicholas/0000-0003-1465-9394
FU NSF [EAR-0310316, EAR-0711418]; UCSC Committee on Research and Institute
of Geophysics and Planetary Physics; Ann and Gordon Getty Foundation
FX We would like to extend special thanks to Kim Knight for assistance with
40Ar/39Ar sample preparation and analysis methods. Andy Calvert, Vic
Camp, Jack Hillhouse, and an anonymous reviewer provided helpful reviews
which improved the clarity of this paper. We thank Eli Morris and Walter
Schillinger for UCSC paleomagnetic instrumentation and software support,
Tim Becker for BGC lab support, and Fred Jourdan for assistance with
mitigating plagioclase alteration. For highly competent field work
assistance we would like to thank Mike Dueck, Bijan Hatami, and Peter
Lippert. Discussions on software, hardware, and analytical procedures
with Sarah Brownlee, Leah Morgan, Chris Pluhar, and Justin Simon were
quite helpful. This work was funded by NSF grants EAR-0310316 and
EAR-0711418 to RSC and JMG, minigrants from the UCSC Committee on
Research and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, and support
to the BGC from the Ann and Gordon Getty Foundation.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 274
IS 3-4
BP 158
EP 168
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.04.001
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 623PB
UT WOS:000279753200004
ER
PT J
AU McCall, RT
de Vries, JSMV
Plant, NG
Van Dongeren, AR
Roelvink, JA
Thompson, DM
Reniers, AJHM
AF McCall, R. T.
de Vries, J. S. M. Van Thiel
Plant, N. G.
Van Dongeren, A. R.
Roelvink, J. A.
Thompson, D. M.
Reniers, A. J. H. M.
TI Two-dimensional time dependent hurricane overwash and erosion modeling
at Santa Rosa Island
SO COASTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Overwash; Hurricane impact; XBeach; Dune erosion; Numerical modeling;
Morphodynamics; Infragravity waves
ID BARRIER-ISLAND; SHALLOW-WATER; SURF ZONE; NATURAL BEACH; MEAN FLOW;
COASTAL; IMPACTS; WAVES; SEDIMENT; FLORIDA
AB A 2DH numerical, model which is capable of computing nearshore circulation and morphodynamics, including dune erosion, breaching and overwash, is used to simulate overwash caused by Hurricane Ivan (2004) on a barrier island. The model is forced using parametric wave and surge time series based on field data and large-scale numerical model results. The model predicted beach face and dune erosion reasonably well as well as the development of washover fans. Furthermore, the model demonstrated considerable quantitative skill (upwards of 66% of variance explained, maximum bias -0.21 m) in hindcasting the post-storm shape and elevation of the subaerial barrier island when a sheet flow sediment transport limiter was applied. The prediction skill ranged between 0.66 and 0.77 in a series of sensitivity tests in which several hydraulic forcing parameters were varied. The sensitivity studies showed that the variations in the incident wave height and wave period affected the entire simulated island morphology while variations in the surge level gradient between the ocean and back barrier bay affected the amount of deposition on the back barrier and in the back barrier bay. The model sensitivity to the sheet flow sediment transport limiter, which served as a proxy for unknown factors controlling the resistance to erosion, was significantly greater than the sensitivity to the hydraulic forcing parameters. If no limiter was applied the simulated morphological response of the barrier island was an order of magnitude greater than the measured morphological response. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [McCall, R. T.; de Vries, J. S. M. Van Thiel; Van Dongeren, A. R.; Roelvink, J. A.] Deltares, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands.
[McCall, R. T.; de Vries, J. S. M. Van Thiel; Roelvink, J. A.; Reniers, A. J. H. M.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Civil Engn & Geosci, Delft, Netherlands.
[Plant, N. G.; Thompson, D. M.] USGS, Ctr Coastal & Watershed Studies, St Petersburg, FL USA.
[Roelvink, J. A.] Unesco IHE Inst Water Educ, Delft, Netherlands.
[Reniers, A. J. H. M.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
RP McCall, RT (reprint author), Deltares, POB 177, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands.
EM robert.mccall@deltares.nl
RI roelvink, jan adriaan/C-6940-2009;
OI roelvink, jan adriaan/0000-0002-5367-0003; Plant,
Nathaniel/0000-0002-5703-5672; Van Dongeren,
Albertus/0000-0002-1982-4777
FU U.S. Government through its European Research Office of the U.S. Army
[N62558-06-C-2006]; NOPP Community Sediment Transport Model [ONR BAA
05-026]; European Community [202798, 1200266, 06WRAG0045]
FX The Research reported in this document has been made possible through
the support and sponsorship of the U.S. Government through its European
Research Office of the U.S. Army, under Contract no. N62558-06-C-2006,
and the Office of Naval Research, in the framework of the NOPP Community
Sediment Transport Model project ONR BAA 05-026, through the European
Community's Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement no. 202798
(MICORE Project) and Deltares internal research fund under Strategic
Research project 1200266. The USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program
provided support via the National Assessment of Coastal Change Hazards
Project and Cooperative Agreement number 06WRAG0045. The help of Dr.
Diane Foster in the sheet flow modeling process is much appreciated.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-3839
J9 COAST ENG
JI Coast. Eng.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 57
IS 7
BP 668
EP 683
DI 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2010.02.006
PG 16
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 605IW
UT WOS:000278342200004
ER
PT J
AU Warner, JC
Geyer, WR
Arango, HG
AF Warner, John C.
Geyer, W. Rockwell
Arango, Hernan G.
TI Using a composite grid approach in a complex coastal domain to estimate
estuarine residence time
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Residence time; Estuary; Three-dimensional model; Hudson river estuary;
ROMS; Composite grid
ID PARTIALLY STRATIFIED ESTUARY; PARTIALLY MIXED ESTUARY; MODELING-SYSTEM;
WATER RENEWAL; AGE; TRANSPORT; MECHANISMS; SCALES; ROMS; SEA
AB We investigate the processes that influence residence time in a partially mixed estuary using a three-dimensional circulation model. The complex geometry of the study region is not optimal for a structured grid model and so we developed a new method of grid connectivity. This involves a novel approach that allows an unlimited number of individual grids to be combined in an efficient manner to produce a composite grid. We then implemented this new method into the numerical Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and developed a composite grid of the Hudson River estuary region to investigate the residence time of a passive tracer. Results show that the residence time is a strong function of the time of release (spring vs. neap tide), the along-channel location, and the initial vertical placement. During neap tides there is a maximum in residence time near the bottom of the estuary at the mid-salt intrusion length. During spring tides the residence time is primarily a function of along-channel location and does not exhibit a strong vertical variability. This model study of residence time illustrates the utility of the grid connectivity method for circulation and dispersion studies in regions of complex geometry. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Warner, John C.] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Geyer, W. Rockwell] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Arango, Hernan G.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
RP Warner, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jcwarner@usgs.gov; rgeyer@whoi.edu; arango@marine.rutgers.edu
FU Hudson River Foundation [002/07A]; Office of Naval Research; USGS
FX W.R. Geyer was supported by the Hudson River Foundation Grant 002/07A,
H.G. Arango by the Office of Naval Research, and John Warner was
supported by the USGS Community Sediment Modeling Project. We greatly
acknowledge the use of the barhymetry data obtained from Roger Flood of
SUNY Stony Brook and John Ladd from the Hudson River National Estuarine
Research Reserve, Hudson River Estuary Program, New York State
Department of Environmental Conservation.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 7
BP 921
EP 935
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2009.11.008
PG 15
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA 622JS
UT WOS:000279659200012
ER
PT J
AU Lundsten, L
Paull, CK
Schlining, KL
McGann, M
Ussler, W
AF Lundsten, Lonny
Paull, Charles K.
Schlining, Kyra L.
McGann, Mary
Ussler, William, III
TI Biological characterization of a whale-fall near Vancouver Island,
British Columbia, Canada
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Whale-fall; Osedax; Deep sea biology; Lamellibrachia; Calyptogena
kilmeri
ID DEEP-SEA-FLOOR; OSEDAX BONEWORMS; CALIFORNIA; WORMS; SEEP; SIBOGLINIDAE;
AFFINITIES; UNDERWATER; COMMUNITY; ANNELIDA
AB Video analysis of a whale-fall discovered in the northeast Pacific Ocean, off Vancouver Island at a depth of 1288 m during ROV diving operations has identified 26 taxa of deep-sea benthic organisms inhabiting the seafloor immediately surrounding remnants of the whale skeleton. A photo-mosaic derived from high-definition video provides a quantitative visual record of the present condition of the site, the species richness, and substrate preference. Only the skull and caudal vertebrae remains of this large whale skeleton are estimated to have been approximately 16.5 m in length. Most organisms identified near the whale-fall are common benthic deep-sea fauna, typical of this water depth and seafloor composition. Much of this species richness comes from sessile suspension feeding cnidarians attached to the numerous glacial dropstones found throughout the area rather than the presence of the whale skeleton. Seep and bone specialists are rare (4 taxa) and may be, in part, a remnant population from a sulphophilic stage of whale-fall decomposition. Evidence of past colonization by Osedax sp. is visible on the remaining bones and we conclude that rapid degradation of the missing bones has occurred at this site as has been observed at whale-falls off central California in Monterey Canyon. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lundsten, Lonny; Paull, Charles K.; Schlining, Kyra L.; Ussler, William, III] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[McGann, Mary] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Lundsten, L (reprint author), Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, 7700 Sandholdt Rd, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
EM lonny@mbari.org
FU ROV Doc Ricketts; R/V Western Flyer; David and Lucile Packard Foundation
through the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
FX We are grateful for support from the pilots of the ROV Doc Ricketts and
the crew of the R/V Western Flyer. This work was supported by the David
and Lucile Packard Foundation through the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research
Institute. We thank P. Whaling, R.C. Vrijenhoek, E.M. Lundsten, and E.
Cordes for their assistance and we acknowledge the anonymous reviewers
who helped improve this manuscript.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 57
IS 7
BP 918
EP 922
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2010.04.006
PG 5
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 621KL
UT WOS:000279576600008
ER
PT J
AU Cuffney, TF
Brightbill, RA
May, JT
Waite, IR
AF Cuffney, Thomas F.
Brightbill, Robin A.
May, Jason T.
Waite, Ian R.
TI Responses of benthic macroinvertebrates to environmental changes
associated with urbanization in nine metropolitan areas
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE antecedent agriculture; benthic macroinvertebrates; disturbance;
environmental gradients; habitat; land cover; urbanization; water
chemistry; water quality; water temperature
ID SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; URBAN STREAMS; UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE;
TEMPERATURE; WATER; CONTAMINANTS; COMMUNITIES; CATCHMENT; LANDSCAPE
AB Responses of benthic macroinvertebrates along gradients of urban intensity were investigated in nine metropolitan areas across the United States. Invertebrate assemblages in metropolitan areas where forests or shrublands were being converted to urban land were strongly related to urban intensity. In metropolitan areas where agriculture and grazing lands were being converted to urban land, invertebrate assemblages showed much weaker or nonsignificant relations with urban intensity because sites with low urban intensity were already degraded by agriculture. Ordination scores, the number of EPT taxa, and the mean pollution-tolerance value of organisms at a site were the best indicators of changes in assemblage condition. Diversity indices, functional groups, behavior, and dominance metrics were not good indicators of urbanization. Richness metrics were better indicators of urban effects than were abundance metrics, and qualitative samples collected from multiple habitats gave similar results to those of single habitat quantitative samples (riffles or woody snags) in all metropolitan areas. Changes in urban intensity were strongly correlated with a set of landscape variables that was consistent across all metropolitan areas. In contrast, the instream environmental variables that were strongly correlated with urbanization and invertebrate responses varied among metropolitan areas. The natural environmental setting determined the biological, chemical, and physical instream conditions upon which urbanization acts and dictated the differences in responses to urbanization among metropolitan areas. Threshold analysis showed little evidence for an initial period of resistance to urbanization. Instead, assemblages were degraded at very low levels of urbanization, and response rates were either similar across the gradient or higher at low levels of urbanization. Levels of impervious cover that have been suggested as protective of streams (5-10%) were associated with significant assemblage degradation and were not protective.
C1 [Cuffney, Thomas F.] US Geol Survey, N Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
[Brightbill, Robin A.] US Geol Survey, Penn Water Sci Ctr, New Cumberland, PA 17070 USA.
[May, Jason T.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Waite, Ian R.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97216 USA.
RP Cuffney, TF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, N Carolina Water Sci Ctr, 3916 Sunset Ridge Rd, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
EM tcuffney@usgs.gov
NR 47
TC 76
Z9 77
U1 13
U2 116
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 5
BP 1384
EP 1401
DI 10.1890/08-1311.1
PG 18
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 614HW
UT WOS:000279047400014
PM 20666256
ER
PT J
AU Mac Nally, R
Thomson, JR
Kimmerer, WJ
Feyrer, F
Newman, KB
Sih, A
Bennett, WA
Brown, L
Fleishman, E
Culberson, SD
Castillo, G
AF Mac Nally, Ralph
Thomson, James R.
Kimmerer, Wim J.
Feyrer, Frederick
Newman, Ken B.
Sih, Andy
Bennett, William A.
Brown, Larry
Fleishman, Erica
Culberson, Steven D.
Castillo, Gonzalo
TI Analysis of pelagic species decline in the upper San Francisco Estuary
using multivariate autoregressive modeling (MAR)
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian analysis; delta smelt; expert models; longfin smelt; Sacramento
River, California, USA; San Joaquin River, California, USA; striped
bass; threadfin shad; threatened species; water management
ID FRESH-WATER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CONSERVATION BIOLOGY; POPULATION-DYNAMICS;
NEOMYSIS-MERCEDIS; STOCK ASSESSMENT; PACIFIC SALMON; JOAQUIN DELTA;
STRIPED BASS; TIME-SERIES
AB Four species of pelagic fish of particular management concern in the upper San Francisco Estuary, California, USA, have declined precipitously since ca. 2002: delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus), longfin smelt (Spirinchus thaleichthys), striped bass (Morone saxatilis), and threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense). The estuary has been monitored since the late 1960s with extensive collection of data on the fishes, their pelagic prey, phytoplankton biomass, invasive species, and physical factors. We used multivariate autoregressive (MAR) modeling to discern the main factors responsible for the declines. An expert-elicited model was built to describe the system. Fifty-four relationships were built into the model, only one of which was of uncertain direction a priori. Twenty-eight of the proposed relationships were strongly supported by or consistent with the data, while 26 were close to zero (not supported by the data but not contrary to expectations). The position of the 2% isohaline (a measure of the physical response of the estuary to freshwater flow) and increased water clarity over the period of analyses were two factors affecting multiple declining taxa (including fishes and the fishes' main zooplankton prey). Our results were relatively robust with respect to the form of stock-recruitment model used and to inclusion of subsidiary covariates but may be enhanced by using detailed state-space models that describe more fully the life-history dynamics of the declining species.
C1 [Mac Nally, Ralph; Thomson, James R.] Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Australian Ctr Biodivers, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia.
[Kimmerer, Wim J.] San Francisco State Univ, Romburg Tiburon Ctr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA.
[Feyrer, Frederick] US Bur Reclamat, Appl Sci Branch, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA.
[Newman, Ken B.; Castillo, Gonzalo] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Stockton, CA 95632 USA.
[Sih, Andy] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Bennett, William A.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Watershed Sci, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Bennett, William A.] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Brown, Larry] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Fleishman, Erica] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
[Culberson, Steven D.] CALFED Sci Program, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
RP Mac Nally, R (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Australian Ctr Biodivers, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia.
EM ralph.macnally@sci.monash.edu.au
FU University of California-Santa Barbara [113325G004]; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service [113325G004]; Interagency Ecological Program
FX This work was supported by cooperative agreement number 113325G004
between the University of California-Santa Barbara and the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service and conducted as part of a working group convened at
the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis. Other members
of the working group, including Howard Townsend, Dennis D. Murphy, Mark
Maunder, John M. Melack, and Marissa Bauer, contributed to the work
through discussions. S. Slater and D. Contreras of the California
Department of Field and Game kindly assisted in data compilation. W. J.
Kimmerer was supported by funds from the Interagency Ecological Program.
This is contribution 190 from the Australian Centre for Biodiversity at
Monash University.
NR 76
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Z9 47
U1 2
U2 49
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 5
BP 1417
EP 1430
DI 10.1890/09-1724.1
PG 14
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 614HW
UT WOS:000279047400016
PM 20666258
ER
PT J
AU Thomson, JR
Kimmerer, WJ
Brown, LR
Newman, KB
Mac Nally, R
Bennett, WA
Feyrer, F
Fleishman, E
AF Thomson, James R.
Kimmerer, Wim J.
Brown, Larry R.
Newman, Ken B.
Mac Nally, Ralph
Bennett, William A.
Feyrer, Frederick
Fleishman, Erica
TI Bayesian change point analysis of abundance trends for pelagic fishes in
the upper San Francisco Estuary
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE change point; delta smelt; hierarchical Bayes; longfin smelt;
Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA; striped bass; threadfin
shad; upper San Francisco Estuary, California, USA
ID FRESH-WATER FLOW; STRIPED BASS; DENSITY; POPULATION; CALIFORNIA;
TURBIDITY; PATTERNS; SMELT
AB We examined trends in abundance of four pelagic fish species (delta smelt, longfin smelt, striped bass, and threadfin shad) in the upper San Francisco Estuary, California, USA, over 40 years using Bayesian change point models. Change point models identify times of abrupt or unusual changes in absolute abundance (step changes) or in rates of change in abundance (trend changes). We coupled Bayesian model selection with linear regression splines to identify biotic or abiotic covariates with the strongest associations with abundances of each species. We then refitted change point models conditional on the selected covariates to explore whether those covariates could explain statistical trends or change points in species abundances. We also fitted a multispecies change point model that identified change points common to all species. All models included hierarchical structures to model data uncertainties, including observation errors and missing covariate values. There were step declines in abundances of all four species in the early 2000s, with a likely common decline in 2002. Abiotic variables, including water clarity, position of the 2% isohaline (X2), and the volume of freshwater exported from the estuary, explained some variation in species' abundances over the time series, but no selected covariates could explain statistically the post-2000 change points for any species.
C1 [Thomson, James R.; Mac Nally, Ralph] Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Australian Ctr Biodivers, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia.
[Kimmerer, Wim J.] San Francisco State Univ, Romburg Tiburon Ctr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA.
[Brown, Larry R.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Newman, Ken B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Stockton, CA 95632 USA.
[Bennett, William A.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Watershed Sci, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Bennett, William A.] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Feyrer, Frederick] US Bur Reclamat, Appl Sci Branch, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA.
[Fleishman, Erica] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
RP Thomson, JR (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Australian Ctr Biodivers, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia.
EM jim.thomson@sci.monash.edu.au
FU University of California- Santa Barbara [113325G004]; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service [113325G004]; Interagency Ecological Program; CALFED
Ecosystem Restoration Program [P0685515]
FX This work was supported by cooperative agreement number 113325G004
between the University of California- Santa Barbara and the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service and conducted as part of a working group convened
at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis. W. J.
Kimmerer was supported by funds from the Interagency Ecological Program.
Funding for W. A. Bennett was provided by the CALFED Ecosystem
Restoration Program (agreement number P0685515). Other members of the
working group who contributed to the work through discussions, included
Howard Townsend, Dennis D. Murphy, Mark Maunder, Andy Sih, Steven D.
Culberson, Gonzalo Castillo, John M. Melack, and Marissa Bauer. S.
Slater and D. Contreras of the California Department of Field and Game
kindly assisted in data compilation. Suggestions by Angus Webb improved
the manuscript. This is contribution 191 from the Australian Centre for
Biodiversity at Monash University.
NR 59
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U2 37
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 5
BP 1431
EP 1448
DI 10.1890/09-0998.1
PG 18
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 614HW
UT WOS:000279047400017
PM 20666259
ER
PT J
AU Hines, JE
Nichols, JD
Royle, JA
MacKenzie, DI
Gopalaswamy, AM
Kumar, NS
Karanth, KU
AF Hines, J. E.
Nichols, J. D.
Royle, J. A.
MacKenzie, D. I.
Gopalaswamy, A. M.
Kumar, N. Samba
Karanth, K. U.
TI Tigers on trails: occupancy modeling for cluster sampling
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE cluster sampling; detection probability; India; Markov model; occupancy
modeling; Panthera tigris; spatial dependence; spatial replication;
tigers; trap response model
ID SITE OCCUPANCY; DETECTION PROBABILITIES; TEMPORARY EMIGRATION; CAPTURE;
ABUNDANCE; RICHNESS; DESIGN; ROBUST
AB Occupancy modeling focuses on inference about the distribution of organisms over space, using temporal or spatial replication to allow inference about the detection process. Inference based on spatial replication strictly requires that replicates be selected randomly and with replacement, but the importance of these design requirements is not well understood. This paper focuses on an increasingly popular sampling design based on spatial replicates that are not selected randomly and that are expected to exhibit Markovian dependence. We develop two new occupancy models for data collected under this sort of design, one based on an underlying Markov model for spatial dependence and the other based on a trap response model with Markovian detections. We then simulated data under the model for Markovian spatial dependence and fit the data to standard occupancy models and to the two new models. Bias of occupancy estimates was substantial for the standard models, smaller for the new trap response model, and negligible for the new spatial process model. We also fit these models to data from a large-scale tiger occupancy survey recently conducted in Karnataka State, southwestern India. In addition to providing evidence of a positive relationship between tiger occupancy and habitat, model selection statistics and estimates strongly supported the use of the model with Markovian spatial dependence. This new model provides another tool for the decomposition of the detection process, which is sometimes needed for proper estimation and which may also permit interesting biological inferences. In addition to designs employing spatial replication, we note the likely existence of temporal Markovian dependence in many designs using temporal replication. The models developed here will be useful either directly, or with minor extensions, for these designs as well. We believe that these new models represent important additions to the suite of modeling tools now available for occupancy estimation in conservation monitoring. More generally, this work represents a contribution to the topic of cluster sampling for situations in which there is a need for specific modeling (e. g., reflecting dependence) for the distribution of the variable(s) of interest among subunits.
C1 [Hines, J. E.; Nichols, J. D.; Royle, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[MacKenzie, D. I.] Proteus Wildlife Res Consultants, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[Gopalaswamy, A. M.; Kumar, N. Samba; Karanth, K. U.] Wildlife Conservat Soc India Program, Ctr Wildlife Studies, Bangalore 560042, Karnataka, India.
RP Hines, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM jhines@usgs.gov
OI Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
NR 23
TC 86
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U1 13
U2 80
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 5
BP 1456
EP 1466
DI 10.1890/09-0321.1
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 614HW
UT WOS:000279047400019
PM 20666261
ER
PT J
AU Waddle, JH
Dorazio, RM
Walls, SC
Rice, KG
Beauchamp, J
Schuman, MJ
Mazzotti, FJ
AF Waddle, J. Hardin
Dorazio, Robert M.
Walls, Susan C.
Rice, Kenneth G.
Beauchamp, Jeff
Schuman, Melinda J.
Mazzotti, Frank J.
TI A new parameterization for estimating co-occurrence of interacting
species
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE anurans; detectability; Florida, USA; hierarchical model; invasive
species; predation; treefrogs
ID COMPETITION; PREDATION
AB Models currently used to estimate patterns of species co-occurrence while accounting for errors in detection of species can be difficult to fit when the effects of covariates on species occurrence probabilities are included. The source of the estimation problems is the particular parameterization used to specify species co-occurrence probability. We develop a new parameterization for estimating patterns of co-occurrence of interacting species that allows the effects of covariates to be specified quite naturally without estimation problems. In our model, the occurrence of one species is assumed to depend on the occurrence of another, but the occurrence of the second species is not assumed to depend on the presence of the first species. This pattern of co-occurrence, wherein one species is dominant and the other is subordinate, can be produced by several types of ecological interactions (predator-prey, parasitism, and so on).
A simulation study demonstrated that estimates of species occurrence probabilities were unbiased in samples of 50-100 locations and three surveys per location, provided species are easily detected (probability of detection >= 0.5). Higher sample sizes (>200 locations) are needed to achieve unbiasedness when species are more difficult to detect. An analysis of data from treefrog surveys in southern Florida indicated that the occurrence of Cuban treefrogs, an invasive predator species, was highest near the point of its introduction and declined with distance from that location. Sites occupied by Cuban treefrogs were 9.0 times less likely to contain green treefrogs and 15.7 times less likely to contain squirrel treefrogs compared to sites without Cuban treefrogs. The detection probabilities of native treefrog species did not depend on the presence of Cuban treefrogs, suggesting that the native treefrog species are naive to the introduced species.
C1 [Waddle, J. Hardin] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Dorazio, Robert M.] Univ Florida, Dept Stat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Dorazio, Robert M.; Walls, Susan C.; Rice, Kenneth G.] US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Beauchamp, Jeff; Mazzotti, Frank J.] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Schuman, Melinda J.] Conservancy SW Florida, Naples, FL 34102 USA.
RP Waddle, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM waddleh@usgs.gov
RI Waddle, Hardin/D-3845-2009;
OI Waddle, Hardin/0000-0003-1940-2133; Walls, Susan/0000-0001-7391-9155
FU U.S. Geological Survey; USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring
Initiative
FX I. Bartoszek, S. Funk, C. McKee, and G. Richards provided assistance in
the field, and J. Barichivich aided many aspects of this study. B.
Glorioso created the map. We thank personnel at Florida Panther National
Wildlife Refuge, Big Cypress National Preserve, Picayune Strand State
Forest, and Fakahatchee Strand Preserve State Park for permission to
work on these lands. All handling of animals was conducted under
University of Florida IACUC approval number 001-09FTL. This study was
funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority
Ecosystems Science program. Manuscript preparation was funded by the
USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative. The manuscript was
greatly improved by the review comments of the two anonymous referees.
NR 18
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U1 3
U2 40
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 5
BP 1467
EP 1475
DI 10.1890/09-0850.1
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 614HW
UT WOS:000279047400020
PM 20666262
ER
PT J
AU McDonald-Madden, E
Probert, WJM
Hauser, CE
Runge, MC
Possingham, HP
Jones, ME
Moore, JL
Rout, TM
Vesk, PA
Wintle, BA
AF McDonald-Madden, Eve
Probert, William J. M.
Hauser, Cindy E.
Runge, Michael C.
Possingham, Hugh P.
Jones, Menna E.
Moore, Joslin L.
Rout, Tracy M.
Vesk, Peter A.
Wintle, Brendan A.
TI Active adaptive conservation of threatened species in the face of
uncertainty
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE active adaptive management; Bayesian updating; decision theory;
learning; Markov decision process; Sarcophilus harrisii; stochastic
dynamic programming; Tasmania, Australia; Tasmanian devil facial tumor
disease
ID FACIAL TUMOR DISEASE; TASMANIAN DEVIL; MANAGEMENT; POPULATIONS; MODEL;
TRANSLOCATION; OPTIMIZATION; ERADICATION; STRATEGIES; VIABILITY
AB Adaptive management has a long history in the natural resource management literature, but despite this, few practitioners have developed adaptive strategies to conserve threatened species. Active adaptive management provides a framework for valuing learning by measuring the degree to which it improves long-run management outcomes. The challenge of an active adaptive approach is to find the correct balance between gaining knowledge to improve management in the future and achieving the best short-term outcome based on current knowledge. We develop and analyze a framework for active adaptive management of a threatened species. Our case study concerns a novel facial tumor disease affecting the Australian threatened species Sarcophilus harrisii: the Tasmanian devil. We use stochastic dynamic programming with Bayesian updating to identify the management strategy that maximizes the Tasmanian devil population growth rate, taking into account improvements to management through learning to better understand disease latency and the relative effectiveness of three competing management options. Exactly which management action we choose each year is driven by the credibility of competing hypotheses about disease latency and by the population growth rate predicted by each hypothesis under the competing management actions. We discover that the optimal combination of management actions depends on the number of sites available and the time remaining to implement management. Our approach to active adaptive management provides a framework to identify the optimal amount of effort to invest in learning to achieve long-run conservation objectives.
C1 [McDonald-Madden, Eve; Probert, William J. M.; Possingham, Hugh P.] CSIRO Sustainable Ecosyst, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia.
[Probert, William J. M.; Possingham, Hugh P.] Univ Queensland, Dept Math, St Lucia, Qld 4069, Australia.
[Hauser, Cindy E.] Univ Melbourne, Australian Ctr Excellence Risk Anal, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Runge, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Jones, Menna E.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Zool, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Jones, Menna E.] Dept Primary Ind & Water, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Moore, Joslin L.; Rout, Tracy M.; Vesk, Peter A.; Wintle, Brendan A.] Univ Melbourne, Ctr Appl Environm Decis Anal, Sch Bot, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
RP McDonald-Madden, E (reprint author), CSIRO Sustainable Ecosyst, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia.
EM eve.mcdonald-madden@csiro.au
RI Moore, Joslin/C-5270-2009; Rout, Tracy/B-7381-2009; McDonald-Madden,
Eve/A-5186-2012; Jones, Menna/J-7975-2012; McDonald-Madden,
Eve/A-4280-2011; Possingham, Hugh/B-1337-2008; Hauser,
Cindy/B-4000-2008; Runge, Michael/E-7331-2011
OI Moore, Joslin/0000-0001-9809-5092; McDonald-Madden,
Eve/0000-0001-7755-2338; Possingham, Hugh/0000-0001-7755-996X; Hauser,
Cindy/0000-0001-5876-0342; Runge, Michael/0000-0002-8081-536X
FU Australian Government; Australian Research Council
FX This work evolved out of a workshop on Freycinet Peninsula in August
2007 supported by the Applied Environmental Decision Analysis Research
Hub, which is funded by the Australian Government, and the Australian
Research Council. We are grateful to the discussion and inspiration from
all attendees of this workshop. Hamish McCallum, Shelly Lachish, and
Nick Beeton provided parameter estimates for the Tasmanian devil case
study. We are grateful to P. Baxter and two reviewers for comments on
this manuscript.
NR 54
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U1 3
U2 63
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 5
BP 1476
EP 1489
DI 10.1890/09-0647.1
PG 14
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 614HW
UT WOS:000279047400021
PM 20666263
ER
PT J
AU Massey, LB
Haggard, BE
Galloway, JM
Loftin, KA
Meyer, MT
Green, WR
AF Massey, Leslie B.
Haggard, Brian E.
Galloway, Joel M.
Loftin, Keith A.
Meyer, Michael T.
Green, W. Reed
TI Antibiotic fate and transport in three effluent-dominated Ozark streams
SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Antibiotics; Streams; Water quality; Sediment; Effluent discharge
ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; POINT-SOURCE INPUT; NUTRIENT RETENTION;
SULFONAMIDE ANTIBIOTICS; TREATMENT PLANTS; SURFACE WATERS; NET CHANGES;
PHARMACEUTICALS; ENVIRONMENT; SEWAGE
AB Antibiotic transport downstream from a wastewater treatment plant effluent discharge was evaluated along stream reaches on Mud Creek, Spring Creek, and Decatur Branch in northwestern Arkansas, USA. Water and streambed samples were collected during August and September 2006 and analyzed for multiple antibiotics representing five classes (beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones. sulfonamides, and tetracyclines). Antibiotics within the classes macrolides, quinolones, and sulfonamides were detected in the water column at all three stream reaches. Several of these same antibiotics, as well as antibiotics from the class tetracycline, were measured in streambed material at quantities significantly greater than those observed in the water column. Pseudo-partitioning coefficients ranged from 4 to >8000 L kg(-1). Most of the antibiotics studied were significantly retained in the reaches at Mud Creek and Spring Creek and traveled kilometer-scale distances (S(net), 3.3-20.2 km) with low uptake velocities (nu(f-net), 2.9-16.1 x 10(-6) m s(-1)) and rates (U(net) 0.01-37.9 x 10(-6) mu g m(-2) s(-1)). Some antibiotics increased in concentration downstream from the effluent discharge at Decatur Branch, suggesting possible release from within the fluvial channel or additional sources along the stream reach. In general, antibiotics traveled kilometer-scale distances before significant dilution occurred through in-stream processes (e.g., advection, dispersion, sorption, uptake and/or degradation) within the fluvial channel of these effluent-dominated streams. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Massey, Leslie B.; Haggard, Brian E.] Univ Arkansas, Arkansas Water Resources Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Massey, Leslie B.; Haggard, Brian E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Galloway, Joel M.] US Geol Survey, N Dakota Water Sci Ctr, Bismarck, ND 58501 USA.
[Loftin, Keith A.; Meyer, Michael T.] US Geol Survey, Kansas Water Sci Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
[Green, W. Reed] US Geol Survey, Arkansas Water Sci Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72211 USA.
RP Massey, LB (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Arkansas Water Resources Ctr, 203 Engn Hall, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM lbartsc@uark.edu
OI Meyer, Michael/0000-0001-6006-7985
NR 48
TC 28
Z9 30
U1 4
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-8574
J9 ECOL ENG
JI Ecol. Eng.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 7
BP 930
EP 938
DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.04.009
PG 9
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering
GA 615RD
UT WOS:000279152600009
ER
PT J
AU Wan, HB
Chizinski, CJ
Dolph, CL
Vondracek, B
Wilson, BN
AF Wan, Haibo
Chizinski, Christopher J.
Dolph, Christine L.
Vondracek, Bruce
Wilson, Bruce N.
TI The impact of rare taxa on a fish index of biotic integrity
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bioassessment; IBI; Rare taxa; Taxa richness; Relative abundance
ID AQUATIC COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; BIOASSESSMENT;
BIODIVERSITY
AB The index of biotic integrity (IBI) is a commonly used bioassessment tool that integrates abundance and richness measures to assess water quality. In developing IBIs that are both responsive to human disturbance and resistant to natural variability and sampling error, water managers must decide how to weigh information about rare and abundant taxa, which in turn requires an understanding of the sensitivity of indices to rare taxa. Herein, we investigated the influence of rare fish taxa (within the lower 5% of rank abundance curves) on IBI metric and total scores for stream sites in two of Minnesota's major river basins, the St. Croix (n = 293 site visits) and Upper Mississippi (a = 210 site visits). We artificially removed rare taxa from biological samples by (1) separately excluding each individual taxon that fell within the lower 5% of rank abundance curves: (2) simultaneously excluding all taxa that had an abundance of one (singletons) or two (doubletons): and (3) simultaneously excluding all taxa that fell within the lower 5% of rank abundance curves. We then compared IBI metric and total scores before and after removal of rare taxa using the normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) and regression analysis. The difference in 161 metric and total scores increased as more taxa were removed. Moreover, when multiple rare taxa were removed, the nRMSE was related to sample abundance and to total taxa richness, with greater nRMSE observed in samples with a larger number of taxa or sample abundance. Metrics based on relative abundance of fish taxa were less sensitive to the loss of rare taxa, whereas those based on taxa richness were more sensitive, because taxa richness metrics give more weight to rare taxa compared to the relative abundance metrics. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wan, Haibo; Chizinski, Christopher J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Dolph, Christine L.] Univ Minnesota, Water Resources Sci Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Vondracek, Bruce] Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Wilson, Bruce N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Bioprod & Biosyst Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Wan, HB (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 1980 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM wanx0029@umn.edu
RI Chizinski, Christopher/G-6306-2011;
OI Chizinski, Christopher/0000-0001-9294-2588
FU Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
FX The authors thank David Wright and the Minnesota Department of Natural
Resources for providing funding for this research, and Scott Niemela,
Joel Chirhart, and Mike Feist at the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
for providing biomonitoring data, as well as assistance in developing
and carrying out project objectives. Michael Barbour and Isabelle Lavoie
provided helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. The
use of trade, product, industry or firm names or products or software or
models, whether commercially available or not, is for informative
purposes only and does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S.
Government or the US Geological Survey.
NR 28
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U1 3
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 10
IS 4
BP 781
EP 788
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.12.006
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 581QT
UT WOS:000276540000001
ER
PT J
AU Williams, CJ
Moffitt, CM
AF Williams, Christopher J.
Moffitt, Christine M.
TI Estimation of fish and wildlife disease prevalence from imperfect
diagnostic tests on pooled samples with varying pool sizes
SO ECOLOGICAL INFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Prevalence; Bayesian methods; Fish and wildlife diseases; Specificity;
Sensitivity; Risk management
ID HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA VIRUS; HEMATOPOIETIC NECROSIS VIRUS;
MYCOBACTERIUM-PARATUBERCULOSIS; MYXOBOLUS-CEREBRALIS;
CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; PANCREATIC NECROSIS; PATHOGEN PREVALENCE; WHIRLING
DISEASE; ATLANTIC SALMON; CATTLE HERDS
AB Methods of estimating disease or parasite prevalence in free-ranging and some captive fish and wildlife populations are frequently lacking in precision due to limited numbers of observations and different assay procedures. Recently statistical methods and software programs have been developed to use Bayesian and other methods to obtain estimates of disease prevalence from diagnostic tests in which sensitivity and/or specificity is not perfect (imperfect) and with sampling schemes using pooled samples. However, these published methods and software programs that consider pooled data sampling have generally considered the case of one uniform pool size for all samples. We present a method for estimating disease prevalence from imperfect diagnostic tests with pooled data collected from a variety of pool sizes. We use a Bayesian approach and obtain a sample from the posterior distribution of prevalence, sensitivity, and specificity, using an MCMC sampling algorithm implemented in the WINBUGS statistical package. We illustrate the use of these methods with three examples and perform efficiency calculations to investigate the performance of these estimators relative to maximum likelihood estimators that assume perfect diagnostic tests. Our results illustrate that the estimates produced from these methods adjust for imperfect tests, and are often more efficient than estimates assuming perfect tests, except in some situations when there is not much prior information on diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Moffitt, Christine M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, USGS BRD Cooperat Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Williams, Christopher J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Stat, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Moffitt, CM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, USGS BRD Cooperat Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM chrisw@uidaho.edu; cmoffitt@uidaho.edu
FU Department of Agriculture, Western Regional Aquaculture Center
FX We are grateful to the staff of the Eagle Fish Health Laboratory, Idaho
Department of Fish and Game for access to their data and insight into
factors affecting wild fish populations. This is contribution 1051 of
the University of Idaho Forestry, Wildlife and Range Resources
Experiment Station, Moscow, Idaho, and resulted from previous work
supported by a grant to C. Moffitt by the Department of Agriculture,
Western Regional Aquaculture Center. We thank D. Nalle, C. Brown and M.
Wiest and anonymous journal reviewers for their critical review of
earlier drafts of this manuscript.
NR 51
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Z9 12
U1 3
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-9541
J9 ECOL INFORM
JI Ecol. Inform.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 4
BP 273
EP 280
DI 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2010.04.003
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 637LT
UT WOS:000280819900006
ER
PT J
AU Walter, WD
Leslie, DM
Hellgren, EC
Engle, DM
AF Walter, W. David
Leslie, David M., Jr.
Hellgren, Eric C.
Engle, David M.
TI Identification of subpopulations of North American elk (Cervus elaphus
L.) using multiple lines of evidence: habitat use, dietary choice, and
fecal stable isotopes
SO ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon isotopes; Cervus elaphus; Compositional analysis; Fecal nitrogen;
Nitrogen isotopes; North American elk; Nutritional indices;
Subpopulation structuring
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ELK; MAMMALIAN HERBIVORES; RESOURCE
SELECTION; TROPHIC ECOLOGY; MULE DEER; NITROGEN; CARBON; QUALITY;
MOVEMENTS
AB We used multiple lines of evidence to assess habitat selection, dietary choice, and nutritional outcomes for a population of North American elk (Cervus elaphus), confined to a relatively small and isolated landscape of public and private land in south-central Great Plains, USA. The area of suitable elk habitat was a topographically diverse matrix of mature oak savannah, C(4)-dominated grasslands, and C(3)-dominated agricultural fields surrounded by unsuitable lowlands fragmented by anthropogenic activities. We hypothesized that such disparity in habitat availability and quality resulted in subpopulation differences in the overall elk population. We used 3 methods to evaluate this premise: radiotelemetry to determine home range and habitat use, microhistology of plant fragments in feces to determine dietary selection, and fecal nitrogen (N) and stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (delta(15)N) and carbon (delta(13)C) to assess nutritional outcomes of habitat use and dietary choice. By comparing these 3 approaches, we wanted to determine if fecal indices alone could efficiently and accurately identify subpopulation structuring. Compositional analyses from radiotelemetry observations of 21 female elk identified 2 subpopulations that occupied relatively disjunct areas and showed differential preferences for forested and cultivated fields in summer but comparable preferences for cultivated fields in winter. A third unmarked subpopulation of elk was known to be largely confined to an adjacent wildlife refuge. Microhistological analyses of feces collected in all 3 areas highlighted distinct diets, outcomes of habitat occupation by the 3 subpopulations. Increased use of cultivated forages in winter was evident for 2 of the subpopulations, but the extent of use by elk was dependent on availability of cultivated forages in areas they occupied. The refuge subpopulation had no access to cultivated forage. Fecal N, fecal delta(13)C, and fecal delta(15)N supported the premise that the subpopulation with the greatest access to cultivated forages was on a higher nutritional plane than the other 2 subpopulations. Changes in fecal N, fecal delta(13)C, and fecal delta(15)N paralleled percentages of cultivated forages in the diets highlighting the utility of such fecal indices as supplemental to or surrogates for traditional methods of habitat use and dietary selection in free-ranging ungulates.
C1 [Walter, W. David] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Zool, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Leslie, David M., Jr.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Hellgren, Eric C.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Cooperat Wildlife Res Lab, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Engle, David M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Walter, WD (reprint author), Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, APHIS USDA WS, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM WDavid.Walter@colostate.edu
OI Hellgren, Eric/0000-0002-3870-472X
FU Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation [W-148-R]
FX We thank 2 anonymous reviewers and S. D. Fuhlendorf for helpful reviews
of this manuscript and R. E. Webb and D. A. Barrett for field
assistance. Funding for this research was provided by the Federal Aid,
Pittman-Robertson Wildlife Restoration Act under Project W-148-R of the
Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation and Oklahoma State
University with additional contributions from the Rocky Mountain Elk
Foundation, Nature Works, and BancFirst. The project was administered
through the Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
(Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation, Oklahoma State
University, United States Geological Survey, United States Fish and
Wildlife Service, and Wildlife Management Institute Cooperating). The
views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the
authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or
policies of the US Government. Mention of trade, product, industry, or
firm names or products or software or models, whether commercially
available or not, does not constitute their endorsement by the US
Government, US Fish and Wildlife Service, or US Geological Survey.
NR 85
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 44
PU SPRINGER TOKYO
PI TOKYO
PA 1-11-11 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN
SN 0912-3814
J9 ECOL RES
JI Ecol. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 4
BP 789
EP 800
DI 10.1007/s11284-010-0709-z
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 622RL
UT WOS:000279683000010
ER
PT J
AU Saracco, JF
Royle, JA
DeSante, DF
Gardner, B
AF Saracco, James F.
Royle, J. Andrew
DeSante, David F.
Gardner, Beth
TI Modeling spatial variation in avian survival and residency probabilities
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE capture-recapture; CAR model; Cormack-Jolly-Seber; Hylocichla mustelina;
MAPS program; mist netting; residency; spatial autoregressive model;
spatial ecology; survival estimation; transient model; Wood Thrush
ID ABUNDANCE; VARIABILITY; TRANSIENTS; GROWTH; RATES; AREA
AB The importance of understanding spatial variation in processes driving animal population dynamics is widely recognized. Yet little attention has been paid to spatial modeling of vital rates. Here we describe a hierarchical spatial autoregressive model to provide spatially explicit year-specific estimates of apparent survival (phi) and residency (pi) probabilities from capture-recapture data. We apply the model to data collected on a declining bird species, Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina), as part of a broad-scale bird-banding network, the Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship (MAPS) program. The Wood Thrush analysis showed variability in both phi and pi among years and across space. Spatial heterogeneity in residency probability was particularly striking, suggesting the importance of understanding the role of transients in local populations. We found broad-scale spatial patterning in Wood Thrush phi and pi that lend insight into population trends and can direct conservation and research. The spatial model developed here represents a significant advance over approaches to investigating spatial pattern in vital rates that aggregate data at coarse spatial scales and do not explicitly incorporate spatial information in the model. Further development and application of hierarchical capture-recapture models offers the opportunity to more fully investigate spatiotemporal variation in the processes that drive population changes.
C1 [Saracco, James F.; DeSante, David F.] Inst Bird Populat, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA.
[Royle, J. Andrew; Gardner, Beth] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Saracco, JF (reprint author), Inst Bird Populat, POB 1346, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA.
EM jsaracco@birdpop.org
FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; U.S. Geological Survey.
Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI)
FX This work was supported by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation and
the U.S. Geological Survey. Environmental Systems Research Institute,
Inc. (ESRI) provided Geographic Information System software support
through the ESRI Conservation Program. Staff biologists of The Institute
for Bird Populations (IBP) carefully vetted the MAPS data. We are
indebted to the hundreds of MAPS station operators, field assistants,
and interns who have contributed to the MAPS program. W. Thogmartin and
an anonymous reviewer provided comments that improved an earlier version
of the manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or. rm names in this
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. This is IBP Contribution No. 379.
NR 40
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Z9 21
U1 1
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 7
BP 1885
EP 1891
DI 10.1890/09-0705.1
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 621GL
UT WOS:000279563700002
PM 20715606
ER
PT J
AU Burdett, CL
Crooks, KR
Theobald, DM
Wilson, KR
Boydston, EE
Lyren, LM
Fisher, RN
Vickers, TW
Morrison, SA
Boyce, WM
AF Burdett, Christopher L.
Crooks, Kevin R.
Theobald, David M.
Wilson, Kenneth R.
Boydston, Erin E.
Lyren, Lisa M.
Fisher, Robert N.
Vickers, T. Winston
Morrison, Scott A.
Boyce, Walter M.
TI Interfacing models of wildlife habitat and human development to predict
the future distribution of puma habitat
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE California; carnivore; exurban; generalized-linear-mixed model; habitat
loss; human development; human-wildlife conflict; Puma concolor
AB The impact of human land uses on ecological systems typically differ relative to how extensively natural conditions are modified. Exurban development is intermediate-intensity residential development that often occurs in natural landscapes. Most species-habitat models do not evaluate the effects of such intermediate levels of human development and even fewer predict how future development patterns might affect the amount and configuration of habitat. We addressed these deficiencies by interfacing a habitat model with a spatially-explicit housing-density model to study the effect of human land uses on the habitat of pumas (Puma concolor) in southern California. We studied the response of pumas to natural and anthropogenic features within their home ranges and how mortality risk varied across a gradient of human development. We also used our housing-density model to estimate past and future housing densities and model the distribution of puma habitat in 1970, 2000, and 2030. The natural landscape for pumas in our study area consisted of riparian areas, oak woodlands, and open, conifer forests embedded in a chaparral matrix. Pumas rarely incorporated suburban or urban development into their home ranges, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the behavioral decisions of individuals can be collectively manifested as population-limiting factors at broader spatial scales. Pumas incorporated rural and exurban development into their home ranges, apparently perceiving these areas as modified, rather than non-habitat. Overall, pumas used exurban areas less than expected and showed a neutral response to rural areas. However, individual pumas that selected for or showed a neutral response to exurban areas had a higher risk of mortality than pumas that selected against exurban habitat. Exurban areas are likely hotspots for puma-human conflict in southern California. Approximately 10% of our study area will transform from exurban, rural, or undeveloped areas to suburban or urban by 2030, and 35% of suitable puma habitat on private land in 1970 will have been lost by 2030. These land-use changes will further isolate puma populations in southern California, but the ability to visualize these changes had provided a new tool for developing proactive conservation solutions.
C1 [Burdett, Christopher L.; Crooks, Kevin R.; Wilson, Kenneth R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Theobald, David M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Human Dimens Nat Resources, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Theobald, David M.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resources Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Boydston, Erin E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA.
[Lyren, Lisa M.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Carlsbad, CA 92011 USA.
[Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
[Vickers, T. Winston; Boyce, Walter M.] Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Morrison, Scott A.] Nature Conservancy, Calif Program, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
RP Burdett, CL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM cburdett@warnercnr.colostate.edu
FU Summerlee Foundation; Nature Conservancy; Irvine Company; California
Department of Parks and Recreation; California Department of Fish and
Game
FX This research was conducted with funding and support from the Summerlee
Foundation, The Nature Conservancy, The Irvine Company, California
Department of Parks and Recreation, and California Department of Fish
and Game. We thank Trish Smith at The Nature Conservancy for her
assistance with the field research, and the many technicians who
conducted the field work, including Jim Bauer, Carole Bell, Gillian
Geye, Sam Yamomoto, Stacie Hathaway, Ken Logan, Barry Martin, Blue
Milsap, Mike Puzzo, Linda Sweanor, Greta Turschak, Cliff Wiley, Susan
Winston, and Eric York. We especially recognize the legacy of Eric York,
1970-2007, who was an inspiration to felid researchers throughout the
world. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 75
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 7
U2 32
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 1
AR UNSP 4
DI 10.1890/ES10-00005.1
PG 21
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V30IN
UT WOS:000208809800004
ER
PT J
AU Stone, KR
Pilliod, DS
Dwire, KA
Rhoades, CC
Wollrab, SP
Young, MK
AF Stone, Katharine R.
Pilliod, David S.
Dwire, Kathleen A.
Rhoades, Charles C.
Wollrab, Sherry P.
Young, Michael K.
TI Fuel Reduction Management Practices in Riparian Areas of the Western USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Wildfire; Fuel reduction; Prescribed fire; Thinning; Riparian
ID UNITED-STATES; FIRE; FORESTS; STREAM; PERSPECTIVE; PRINCIPLES;
LANDSCAPES; ECOSYSTEMS; WILDFIRE; OREGON
AB Two decades of uncharacteristically severe wildfires have caused government and private land managers to actively reduce hazardous fuels to lessen wildfire severity in western forests, including riparian areas. Because riparian fuel treatments are a fairly new management strategy, we set out to document their frequency and extent on federal lands in the western U.S. Seventy-four USDA Forest Service Fire Management Officers (FMOs) in 11 states were interviewed to collect information on the number and characteristics of riparian fuel reduction treatments in their management district. Just under half of the FMOs surveyed (43%) indicated that they were conducting fuel reduction treatments in riparian areas. The primary management objective listed for these projects was either fuel reduction (81%) or ecological restoration and habitat improvement (41%), though multiple management goals were common (56%). Most projects were of small extent (93% < 300 acres), occurred in the wildland-urban interface (75%), and were conducted in ways to minimize negative impacts on species and habitats. The results of this survey suggest that managers are proceeding cautiously with treatments. To facilitate project planning and implementation, managers recommended early coordination with resource specialists, such as hydrologists and fish and wildlife biologists. Well-designed monitoring of the consequences of riparian fuel treatments on fuel loads, fire risk, and ecological effects is needed to provide a scientifically-defensible basis for the continued and growing implementation of these treatments.
C1 [Stone, Katharine R.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT 59808 USA.
[Pilliod, David S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Dwire, Kathleen A.; Rhoades, Charles C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Wollrab, Sherry P.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Young, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT 59807 USA.
RP Stone, KR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 5775 W Highway 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA.
EM krstone@fs.fed.us; dpilliod@usgs.gov; kadwire@fs.fed.us;
crhoades@fs.fed.us; werabz@yahoo.com; mkyoung@fs.fed.us
OI Pilliod, David/0000-0003-4207-3518
NR 48
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 1
BP 91
EP 100
DI 10.1007/s00267-010-9501-7
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 634BG
UT WOS:000280553300008
PM 20499233
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, WA
Bohlke, JK
Gu, BH
Hatzinger, PB
Sturchio, NC
AF Jackson, W. Andrew
Boehlke, John Karl
Gu, Baohua
Hatzinger, Paul B.
Sturchio, Neil C.
TI Isotopic Composition and Origin of Indigenous Natural Perchlorate and
Co-Occurring Nitrate in the Southwestern United States
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OXYGEN ISOTOPES; HIGH-PLAINS; WATER; FRACTIONATION; GROUNDWATER; DESERT;
USA; BIODEGRADATION; EQUILIBRATION; DEPOSITION
AB Perchlorate (ClO(4)(-)) has been detected widely in groundwater and soils of the southwestern United States. Much of this ClO(4)(-) appears to be natural, and it may have accumulated largely through wet and dry atmospheric deposition. This study evaluates the isotopic composition of natural ClO(4)(-) indigenous to the southwestern U.S. Stable isotope ratios were measured in ClO(4)(-) (delta(18)O, Delta(17)O, delta(37)Cl) and associated NO(3)(-) (delta(18)O, Delta(17)O, delta(15)N) in groundwater from the southern High Plains (SHP) of Texas and New Mexico and the Middle Rio Grande Basin (MRGB) in New Mexico, from unsaturated subsoil in the SHP, and from NO(3)(-)-rich surface caliche deposits near Death Valley, California. The data indicate natural ClO(4)(-) in the southwestern U.S. has a wide range of isotopic compositions that are distinct from those reported previously for natural ClO(4)(-) from the Atacama Desert of Chile as well as all known synthetic ClO(4)(-).ClO(4)(-) in Death Valley caliche has a range of high Delta(17)O values (+8.6 to +18.4 parts per thousand), overlapping and extending the Atacama range, indicating at least partial atmospheric formation via reaction with ozone (O(3)). However, the Death Valley delta(37)Cl values (-3.1 to -0.8 parts per thousand) and delta(18)O values (+2.9 to +26.1 parts per thousand) are higher than those of Atacama ClO(4)(-). In contrast, ClO(4)(-) from western Texas and New Mexico has much lower Delta(17)O (+0.3 to +1.3 parts per thousand), with relatively high delta(37)Cl (+3.4 to +5.1 parts per thousand) and delta(18)O (+0.5 to +4.8 parts per thousand), indicating either that this material was not primarily generated with O(3) as a reactant or that the ClO(4)(-) was affected by postdepositional O isotope exchange. High Delta(17)O values in ClO(4)(-) (Atacama and Death Valley) are associated with high Delta(17)O values in NO(3)(-), indicating that both compounds preserve characteristics of O(3)-related atmospheric production in hyper-arid settings, whereas both compounds have low Delta(17)O values in less arid settings. Although Delta(17)O variations in terrestrial NO(3)(-) can be attributed to mixing of atmospheric (high Delta(17)O) and biogenic (low Delta(17)O) NO(3)(-), variations in Delta(17)O of terrestrial ClO(4)(-) are not readily explained in the same way. This study provides important new constraints for identifying natural sources of ClO(4)(-) in different environments by multicomponent isotopic characteristics, while presenting the possibilities of divergent ClO(4)(-) formation mechanisms and(or) ClO(4)(-) isotopic exchange in biologically active environments.
C1 [Jackson, W. Andrew] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79410 USA.
[Boehlke, John Karl] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Gu, Baohua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Hatzinger, Paul B.] Shaw Environm Inc, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA.
[Sturchio, Neil C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
RP Jackson, WA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79410 USA.
EM andrew.jackson@ttu.edu
RI Jackson, William/B-8999-2009; Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012
OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956
FU U.S. Department of Defense [ER-1435, ER-0509]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This work was supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and
Development Program (SERDP Project ER-1435) and the Environmental
Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP Project ER-0509) of the
U.S. Department of Defense, and the U.S. Geological Survey National
Research Program in water resources. Abeloso Beloso (UIC) and Yongrong
Bian at ORNL performed some of the perchlorate purifications, Linnea
Heraty (UIC) performed Cl isotope analyses, and Stanley Mroczkowski
(USGS) performed O isotope analyses. We appreciate the assistance of
Srinath Rajagopolan, Bradley Thornhill, Stanley Mroczkowski, Greta
Orris, Julio Betancourt, and Reika Yokochi in collecting soil and
groundwater samples. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 40
TC 57
Z9 66
U1 5
U2 38
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 13
BP 4869
EP 4876
DI 10.1021/es903802j
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 617TL
UT WOS:000279304700013
PM 20521813
ER
PT J
AU Saros, JE
Rose, KC
Clow, DW
Stephens, VC
Nurse, AB
Arnett, HA
Stone, JR
Williamson, CE
Wolfe, AP
AF Saros, Jasmine E.
Rose, Kevin C.
Clow, David W.
Stephens, Verlin C.
Nurse, Andrea B.
Arnett, Heather A.
Stone, Jeffery R.
Williamson, Craig E.
Wolfe, Alexander P.
TI Melting Alpine Glaciers Enrich High-Elevation Lakes with Reactive
Nitrogen
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; NATIONAL-PARK; NORTH-AMERICA; ICE CORE; CLIMATE;
DEPOSITION; MOUNTAINS; EVOLUTION; TERRAIN; BASINS
AB Alpine glaciers have receded substantially over the last century in many regions of the world. Resulting changes in glacial runoff not only affect the hydrological cycle, but can also alter the physical (i.e., turbidity from glacial flour) and biogeochemical properties of downstream ecosystems. Here we compare nutrient concentrations, transparency gradients, algal biomass, and fossil diatom species richness in two sets of high-elevation lakes: those fed by snowpack melt alone (SF lakes) and those fed by both glacial and snowpack meltwaters (GSF lakes). We found that nitrate (NO(3)(-)) concentrations in the GSF lakes were 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than in SF lakes. Although nitrogen (N) limitation is common in alpine lakes, algal biomass was lower in highly N-enriched GSF lakes than in the N-poor SF lakes. Contrary to expectations, GSF lakes were more transparent than SF lakes to ultraviolet and equally transparent to photosynthetically active radiation. Sediment diatom assemblages had lower taxonomic richness in the GSF lakes, a feature that has persisted over the last century. Our results demonstrate that the presence of glaciers on alpine watersheds more strongly influences NO(3)(-) concentrations in high-elevation lake ecosystems than any other geomorphic or biogeographic characteristic.
C1 [Saros, Jasmine E.; Nurse, Andrea B.; Arnett, Heather A.] Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Rose, Kevin C.; Williamson, Craig E.] Miami Univ, Dept Zool, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
[Clow, David W.; Stephens, Verlin C.] US Geol Survey, Water Resources Discipline, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Stone, Jeffery R.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Geosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Wolfe, Alexander P.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.
RP Saros, JE (reprint author), Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM jasmine.saros@maine.edu
RI Wolfe, Alexander/G-6867-2011;
OI Clow, David/0000-0001-6183-4824
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-0734277]; National Park Service,
U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
FX We thank Karl Kreutz for advice on glacial sampling and for useful
discussions throughout the project. Gilbert Fulford and Trisha Spanbauer
contributed diatom counts on two of the sediment cores. Dennis Anderson
analyzed nutrient samples, and Kristin Ditzler assisted with figures.
Carmen Daggett, Barnaby Olson, Randall Perry, Jonathan Rose and Courtney
Wigdahl provided valuable field assistance. Comments from four anonymous
reviewers on an earlier version of this manuscript were very helpful in
strengthening this manuscript. This project was funded by the U.S.
National Science Foundation (DEB-0734277). Funding for surface sediment
diatom counts was provided by the National Park Service, U.S. Geological
Survey, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
NR 41
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 5
U2 42
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 13
BP 4891
EP 4896
DI 10.1021/es100147j
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 617TL
UT WOS:000279304700016
PM 20527763
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, PJ
Smith, SG
Kolpin, DW
Zaugg, SD
Buxton, HT
Furlong, ET
Esposito, K
Stinson, B
AF Phillips, Patrick J.
Smith, Steven G.
Kolpin, D. W.
Zaugg, Steven D.
Buxton, Herbert T.
Furlong, Edward T.
Esposito, Kathleen
Stinson, Beverley
TI Pharmaceutical Formulation Facilities as Sources of Opioids and Other
Pharmaceuticals to Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DRINKING-WATER; SURFACE WATERS; DRUGS; FLUOXETINE; STREAMS;
CONTAMINATION; ENVIRONMENT; ORGANISMS; TRANSPORT; TOXICITY
AB Facilities involved in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products are an under-investigated source of pharmaceuticals to the environment Between 2004 and 2009, 35 to 38 effluent samples were collected from each of three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in New York and analyzed for seven pharmaceuticals including opioids and muscle relaxants. Two WWTPs (NY2 and NY3) receive substantial flows (>20% of plant flow) from pharmaceutical formulation facilities (PFF) and one (NY1) receives no PFF flow. Samples of effluents from 23 WWTPs across the United States were analyzed once for these pharmaceuticals as part of a national survey. Maximum pharmaceutical effluent concentrations for the national survey and NY1 effluent samples were generally <1 mu g/L. Four pharmaceuticals (methadone, oxycodone, butalbital, and metaxalone) in samples of NY3 effluent had median concentrations ranging from 3.4 to >400 mu g/L. Maximum concentrations of oxycodone (1700 mu g/L) and metaxalone (3800 mu g/L) in samples from NY3 effluent exceeded 1000 mu g/L Three pharmaceuticals (butalbital, carisoprodol, and oxycodone) in samples of NY2 effluent had median concentrations ranging from 2 to 11 mu g/L. These findings suggest that current manufacturing practices at these PFFs can result in pharmaceuticals concentrations from 10 to 1000 times higher than those typically found in WWTP effluents.
C1 [Phillips, Patrick J.] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Smith, Steven G.; Zaugg, Steven D.; Furlong, Edward T.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Kolpin, D. W.] US Geol Survey, Iowa City, IA 52244 USA.
[Buxton, Herbert T.] US Geol Survey, W Trenton, NJ 08628 USA.
[Esposito, Kathleen] AECOM, New York, NY 10158 USA.
[Stinson, Beverley] AECOM, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Phillips, PJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM pjphilli@usgs.gov
RI Furlong, Edward/C-3999-2011
OI Furlong, Edward/0000-0002-7305-4603
FU State of New York, Department of Environmental Conservation; USGS
FX This research was funded by the State of New York, Department of
Environmental Conservation, and the USGS Cooperative Water and Toxic
Substances Hydrology Programs. We thank numerous wastewater treatment
plant operators for access to their plants, and the following USGS
employees: Mick Baldys, John Byrnes, Ann Chalmers, Dan Edwards, Anne
Ernst, Michael Focazio, Adam Foster, James Gray, Michelle Hladik,
Barbara Mahler, Mike Myers, Jeff McCoy, Elizabeth Nystrom, Nick Paretti,
Kevin Richards, Paul Stackelberg, Tia-Marie Stevens, Steve Sando, and
Carolyn VanAlstyne. The New York City Department of Environmental
Protection offered constructive comments on early drafts. The use of
trade, product, or firm names in this article does not imply endorsement
by the U.S. Government.
NR 40
TC 95
Z9 96
U1 3
U2 54
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 13
BP 4910
EP 4916
DI 10.1021/es100356f
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 617TL
UT WOS:000279304700019
PM 20521847
ER
PT J
AU Burow, KR
Nolan, BT
Rupert, MG
Dubrovsky, NM
AF Burow, Karen R.
Nolan, Bernard T.
Rupert, Michael G.
Dubrovsky, Neil M.
TI Nitrate in Groundwater of the United States, 1991-2003
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AGRICULTURAL AREAS; NORTHERN CHINA; WATER; NITROGEN; AQUIFER; POLLUTION;
DENITRIFICATION; VULNERABILITY; QUALITY; TRENDS
AB An assessment of nitrate concentrations in groundwater in the United States indicates that concentrations are highest in shallow, oxic groundwater beneath areas with high N inputs. During 1991-2003, 5101 wells were sampled in 51 study areas throughout the U.S. as part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWOA) program. The well networks reflect the existing used resource represented by domestic wells in major aquifers (major aquifer studies), and recently recharged groundwater beneath dominant land-surface activities (land-use studies). Nitrate concentrations were highest in shallow groundwater beneath agricultural land use in areas with well-drained soils and oxic geochemical conditions. Nitrate concentrations were lowest in deep groundwater where groundwater is reduced, or where groundwater is older and hence concentrations reflect historically low N application rates. Classification and regression tree analysis was used to identify the relative importance of N inputs, biogeochemical processes, and physical aquifer properties in explaining nitrate concentrations in groundwater. Factors ranked by reduction in sum of squares indicate that dissolved iron concentrations explained most of the variation in groundwater nitrate concentration, followed by manganese, calcium, farm N fertilizer inputs, percent well-drained soils, and dissolved oxygen. Overall, nitrate concentrations in groundwater are most significantly affected by redox conditions, followed by nonpoint-source N inputs. Other water-quality indicators and physical variables had a secondary influence on nitrate concentrations.
C1 [Burow, Karen R.; Dubrovsky, Neil M.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Nolan, Bernard T.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 413, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Rupert, Michael G.] US Geol Survey, Pueblo, CO 81003 USA.
RP Burow, KR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Placer Hall,6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM krburow@usgs.gov
NR 44
TC 98
Z9 100
U1 9
U2 84
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 13
BP 4988
EP 4997
DI 10.1021/es100546y
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 617TL
UT WOS:000279304700030
PM 20540531
ER
PT J
AU Whitman, RL
Ge, ZF
Nevers, MB
Boehm, AB
Chern, EC
Haugland, RA
Lukasik, AM
Molina, M
Przybyla-Kelly, K
Shively, DA
White, EM
Zepp, RG
Byappanahalli, MN
AF Whitman, Richard L.
Ge, Zhongfu
Nevers, Meredith B.
Boehm, Alexandria B.
Chern, Eunice C.
Haugland, Richard A.
Lukasik, Ashley M.
Molina, Marirosa
Przybyla-Kelly, Kasia
Shively, Dawn A.
White, Emily M.
Zepp, Richard G.
Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.
TI Relationship and Variation of qPCR and Culturable Enterococci Estimates
in Ambient Surface Waters Are Predictable
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HUNTINGTON-BEACH; QUALITY; QUANTIFICATION; CALIFORNIA; ILLNESS
AB The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method provides rapid estimates of fecal indicator bacteria densities that have been indicated to be useful in the assessment of water quality. Primarily because this method provides faster results than standard culture-based methods, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is currently considering its use as a basis for revised ambient water quality criteria. In anticipation of this possibility, we sought to examine the relationship between qPCR-based and culture-based estimates of enterococci in surface waters. Using data from several research groups, we compared enterococci estimates by the two methods in water samples collected from 37 sites across the United States. A consistent linear pattern in the relationship between cell equivalents (CCE), based on the qPCR method, and colony-forming units (CFU), based on the traditional culturable method, was significant (P < 0.05) at most sites. A linearly decreasing variance of CCE with increasing CFU levels was significant (P < 0.05) or evident for all sites. Both marine and freshwater sites under continuous influence of point-source contamination tended to reveal a relatively constant proportion of CCE to CFU. The consistency in the mean and variance patterns of CCE versus CFU indicates that the relationship of results based on these two methods is more predictable at high CFU levels (e.g., log(10)CFU > 2.0/100 mL) while uncertainty increases at lower CFU values. It was further noted that the relative error in replicated qPCR estimates was generally higher than that in replicated culture counts even at relatively high target levels, suggesting a greater need for replicated analyses in the qPCR method to reduce relative error. Further studies evaluating the relationship between culture and qPCR should take into account analytical uncertainty as well as potential differences in results of these methods that may arise from sample variability, different sources of pollution, and environmental factors.
C1 [Whitman, Richard L.; Ge, Zhongfu; Nevers, Meredith B.; Lukasik, Ashley M.; Przybyla-Kelly, Kasia; Shively, Dawn A.; Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.] US Geol Survey, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
[Boehm, Alexandria B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Chern, Eunice C.; Haugland, Richard A.] US EPA, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Molina, Marirosa; White, Emily M.; Zepp, Richard G.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Whitman, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1100 N Mineral Springs Rd, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
EM rwhitman@usgs.gov
OI Nevers, Meredith/0000-0001-6963-6734; Shively, Dawn/0000-0002-6119-924X
NR 19
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 13
BP 5049
EP 5054
DI 10.1021/es9028974
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 617TL
UT WOS:000279304700038
PM 20527919
ER
PT J
AU Shi, HL
Witt, EC
Shu, S
Su, TZ
Wang, JM
Adams, C
AF Shi, Honglan
Witt, Emitt C., III
Shu, Shi
Su, Tingzhi
Wang, Jianmin
Adams, Craig
TI TOXIC TRACE ELEMENT ASSESSMENT FOR SOILS/SEDIMENTS DEPOSITED DURING
HURRICANES KATRINA AND RITA FROM SOUTHERN LOUISIANA, USA: A SEQUENTIAL
EXTRACTION ANALYSIS
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 29th Annual Meeting of the
Society-of-Environmental-Toxicology-and-Chemistry-North-America
CY NOV 16-20, 2008
CL Tampa, FL
SP Soc Environm Toxicol & Chem N Amer
DE Sequential extraction; Hurricane Katrina; Hurricane Rita; Toxic trace
element; Soil/sediment
ID NEW-ORLEANS; HEAVY-METALS; SOIL LEAD; SEDIMENTS; COPPER; ADSORPTION;
SPECIATION; CHROMIUM; CADMIUM; RIVER
AB Analysis of soil/sediment samples collected in the southern Louisiana, USA, region three weeks after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita passed was performed using sequential extraction procedures to determine the origin, mode of occurrence, biological availability, mobilization, and transport of trace elements in the environment. Five fractions: exchangeable, bound to carbonates, bound to iron (Fe)- manganese (Mn) oxides, bound to organic matter, and residual, were subsequently extracted. The toxic trace elements Pb, As, V, Cr, Cu, and Cd were analyzed in each fraction, together with Fe in 51 soil/sediment samples. Results indicated that Pb and As were at relatively high concentrations in many of the soil/sediment samples. Because the forms in which Pb and As are present tend to be highly mobile under naturally occurring environmental conditions, these two compounds pose an increased health concern. Vanadium and Cr were mostly associated with the crystal line nonmobile residual fraction. A large portion of the Cu was associated with organic matter and residual fraction. Cadmium concentrations were low in all soil/sediment samples analyzed and most of this element tended to be associated with the mobile fractions. An average of 21% of the Fe was found in the Fe-Mn oxide fraction, indicating that a substantial part of the Fe was in an oxidized form. The significance of the overall finding of the present study indicated that the high concentrations and high availabilities of the potentially toxic trace elements As and Pb may impact the environment and human health in southern Louisiana and, in particular, the New Orleans area. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:1419-1428. (C) 2010 SETAC
C1 [Shi, Honglan; Shu, Shi; Su, Tingzhi; Wang, Jianmin] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Environm Res Ctr, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Adams, Craig] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Witt, Emitt C., III] US Geol Survey, Natl Geospatial Tech Operat Ctr, Rolla, MO 65401 USA.
[Shu, Shi; Su, Tingzhi; Wang, Jianmin] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Adams, Craig] Univ Kansas, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
RP Shi, HL (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Environm Res Ctr, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
EM honglan@mst.edu
NR 28
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 20
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 7
BP 1419
EP 1428
DI 10.1002/etc.218
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 619VQ
UT WOS:000279458800004
PM 20821589
ER
PT J
AU Best, DA
Elliott, KH
Bowerman, WW
Shieldcastle, M
Postupalsky, S
Kubiak, TJ
Tillitt, DE
Elliott, JE
AF Best, David A.
Elliott, Kyle H.
Bowerman, William W.
Shieldcastle, Mark
Postupalsky, Sergej
Kubiak, Timothy J.
Tillitt, Donald E.
Elliott, John E.
TI PRODUCTIVITY, EMBRYO AND EGGSHELL CHARACTERISTICS, AND CONTAMINANTS IN
BALD EAGLES FROM THE GREAT LAKES, USA, 1986 to 2000
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bald eagle; Deformities; Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane;
Polychlorinated biphenyls; Eggshell parameters
ID DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS; FISH-EATING BIRDS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS;
HALIAEETUS-LEUCOCEPHALUS; PHALACROCORAX AURITUS; AMERICAN KESTRELS;
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; REPRODUCTION; RESIDUES; DEFORMITIES
AB Chlorinated hydrocarbon concentrations in eggs of fish-eating birds from contaminated environments such as the Great Lakes of North America tend to be highly intercorrelated, making it difficult to elucidate mechanisms causing reproductive impairment, and to ascribe cause to specific chemicals. An information- theoretic approach was used on data from 197 salvaged bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephulus) eggs (159 clutches) that failed to hatch in Michigan and Ohio, USA (1986-2000). Contaminant levels declined over time while eggshell thickness increased, and by 2000 was at pre-1946 levels. The number of occupied territories and productivity increased during 1981 to 2004. For both the entire dataset and a subset of nests along the Great Lakes shoreline, polychlorinated biphenyls (Sigma PCBs, fresh wet wt) were generally included in the most parsimonious models (lowest-Akaike's information criterion [AICs]) describing productivity, with significant declines in productivity observed above 26 mu g/g Sigma PCBs (fresh wet wt). Of 73 eggs with a visible embryo, eight (11%) were abnormal, including three with skewed bills, but they were not associated with known teratogens, including Sigma PCBs. Eggs with visible embryos had greater concentrations of all measured contaminants than eggs without visible embryos; the most parsimonious models describing the presence of visible embryos incorporated dieldrin equivalents and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE). There were significant negative correlations between eggshell thickness and all contaminants, with Sigma PCBs included in the most parsimonious models. There were, however, no relationships between productivity and eggshell thickness or Ratcliffe's index. The Sigma PCBs and DDE were negatively associated with nest success of bald eagles in the Great Lakes watersheds, but the mechanism does not appear robe via shell quality effects, at least at current contaminant levels, while it is not clear what other mechanisms were involved. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:1581-1592. (C) 2010 SETAC
C1 [Elliott, John E.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada.
[Best, David A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
[Elliott, Kyle H.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Zool, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
[Bowerman, William W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Shieldcastle, Mark] Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Oak Harbor, OH 43449 USA.
[Kubiak, Timothy J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New Jersey Field Off, Pleasantville, NJ 08232 USA.
[Tillitt, Donald E.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Tillitt, DE (reprint author), Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada.
EM dtillitt@usgs.gov
OI Elliott, Kyle/0000-0001-5304-3993
FU Division of Environmental Contaminants, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX This study was funded in part by both the On-Refuge and Off-Refuge
Contaminant Investigation Programs, Division of Environmental
Contaminants, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. This work could not have
taken place without the assistance of many people, both natural
resources professionals and volunteers. Also of note are P. Nye of the
New York Department of Environment and Conservation, and T. Wiese, J.
Weinrich, J. Hammill, J. Hendrickson, A. Karr, S. Beyer, and S. Schafer
of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources. Special appreciation is
extended to the field crews and climbers including J. Holt, J. Papp, B.
Richardson, A. Bath, T. Grubb, S. Schafer, C. Mehne, and L. Williams,
and to J. Wilson and C. Mensing for support with mapping. Special thanks
to C. Czarnecki and C. Wooley for supervisory support and additional
funding for analytical work, and to T.J. Miller for the initial idea for
this effort. C. Bishop and M. Hooper made valuable comments on earlier
drafts. No doubt there are many others that we have failed to mention.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 53
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 7
BP 1581
EP 1592
DI 10.1002/etc.195
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 619VQ
UT WOS:000279458800024
PM 20821609
ER
PT J
AU Heinz, GH
Beyer, WN
Hoffman, DJ
Audet, DJ
AF Heinz, Gary H.
Beyer, W. Nelson
Hoffman, David J.
Audet, Daniel J.
TI RELATING THE ABILITY OF MALLARDS TO INGEST HIGH LEVELS OF SEDIMENT TO
POTENTIAL CONTAMINANT EXPOSURE IN WATERFOWL
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mallards; Anas platyrhynchos; Sediment ingestion; Body weight; Blood
plasma chemistries
ID DABBLING DUCKS; LEAD; TOXICITY
AB When waterfowl feed from the bottom of bodies of water, they sometimes ingest sediments along with their food, and this sediment can be a major source of contaminants. Learning how much sediment waterfowl can consume in their diet and still maintain their health would be helpful in assessing potential threats from contaminants in sediment. In a controlled laboratory study the maximum tolerated percentage of sediment in the diet of mallards (Atlas platyrhynchos) was measured. When fed a well-balanced commercial avian diet, 50, 60, or 70% sediment in the diet on a dry-weight basis did not cause weight loss over a two-week period. Ducks fed this same commercial diet, but containing 80 or 90% sediment, lost 8.6 and 15.6% of their body weight, respectively, in the first week on those diets. After factoring in the ability of the mallards to sieve out some of the sediment from their diet before swallowing it, we concluded that the mallards could maintain their health even when approximately half of what they swallowed, on a dry-weight basis, was sediment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:1621-1624. (C) 2010 SETAC
C1 [Heinz, Gary H.; Beyer, W. Nelson; Hoffman, David J.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Audet, Daniel J.] Natl Pk Serv, Spokane, WA 99212 USA.
RP Heinz, GH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM gheinz@usgs.gov
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU SETAC PRESS
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 7
BP 1621
EP 1624
DI 10.1002/etc.174
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 619VQ
UT WOS:000279458800028
PM 20821613
ER
PT J
AU Wyllie-Echeverria, S
Talbot, SL
Rearick, JR
AF Wyllie-Echeverria, Sandy
Talbot, Sandra Looman
Rearick, Jolene Rae
TI Genetic Structure and Diversity of Zostera marina (Eelgrass) in the San
Juan Archipelago, Washington, USA
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Zostera marina; Genetic diversity; Population substructuring
ID ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; POPULATION SUBDIVISION; MICROSATELLITE LOCI;
COMPUTER-PROGRAM; NORTH-AMERICA; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; PACIFIC COAST;
SEAGRASSES; DIFFERENTIATION; ECOSYSTEM
AB Using data from eight autosomal microsatellite loci, we investigated levels of within- and between-site variation in the seagrass Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) from eight locations in the San Juan Archipelago, located in the northwest corner of Washington, USA. Only 117 of the 365 samples collected were unique individuals, and there were large differences in the estimates of clonality among sites. Site-specific genotypic richness ranged from 0.082 to 0.688, and the distribution of ramets and genets varied widely within sites. No multilocus genotypes were shared between sites. We found significant differences in distribution of alleles and variance in allele frequencies among sites, suggesting substantial genetic population substructuring. We detected low levels of genetic diversity in two sites known to have undergone recent declines and a genetic signature of population expansion in a site known to be increasing. Thus, like elsewhere, we find that genetic studies add an important component to monitoring programs in this region.
C1 [Wyllie-Echeverria, Sandy] Univ Washington, Friday Harbor Labs, Friday Harbor, WA 98250 USA.
[Talbot, Sandra Looman; Rearick, Jolene Rae] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Wyllie-Echeverria, S (reprint author), Univ Washington, Friday Harbor Labs, 620 Univ Rd, Friday Harbor, WA 98250 USA.
EM zmseed@u.washington.edu; sandy_talbot@usgs.gov
RI Talbot, Sandra/C-9433-2011
FU Russell Family Foundation; Washington State Department of Natural
Resources; Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank Victoria, Rebecca, and Tessa Wyllie-Echeverria and Tina Whitman
for assistance with field collections and sample preparation and G.
Kevin Sage, C. Roman Dial, and Bradley Truett for laboratory assistance.
Meg Fowler provided editorial assistance. Dave Ward, Raquel
Muiz-Salazar, two anonymous reviewers, and the guest editor provided
valuable comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Funding was
provided by The Russell Family Foundation, Washington State Department
of Natural Resources, and the Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological
Survey. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not
constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
NR 76
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 4
BP 811
EP 827
DI 10.1007/s12237-009-9243-z
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 606ZP
UT WOS:000278468300002
ER
PT J
AU Olson, JB
Kellogg, CA
AF Olson, Julie B.
Kellogg, Christina A.
TI Microbial ecology of corals, sponges, and algae in mesophotic coral
environments
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE marine; invertebrates; microorganisms; low-light; depth
ID VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; OF-THORNS STARFISH; 16S
RIBOSOMAL-RNA; DEEP-WATER; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; MARINE SPONGES;
PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY; SECONDARY METABOLITES; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION
AB Mesophotic coral ecosystems that occur at depths from 30 to 200 m have historically been understudied and yet appear to support a diverse biological community. The microbiology of these systems is particularly poorly understood, especially with regard to the communities associated with corals, sponges, and algae. This lack of information is partly due to the problems associated with gaining access to these environments and poor reproducibility across sampling methods. To summarize what is known about the microbiology of these ecosystems and to highlight areas where research is urgently needed, an overview of the current state of knowledge is presented. Emphasis is placed on the characterization of microbial populations, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, associated with corals, sponges, and algae and the factors that influence microbial community structure. In topic areas where virtually nothing is known from mesophotic environments, the knowledge pertaining to shallow-water ecosystems is summarized to provide a starting point for a discussion on what might be expected in the mesophotic zone.
C1 [Olson, Julie B.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Kellogg, Christina A.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL USA.
RP Olson, JB (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM jolson@bama.ua.edu
RI Kellogg, Christina/B-3257-2009;
OI Kellogg, Christina/0000-0002-6492-9455
FU NOAA-NIUST [NA16RU1496]; NOAA-Ocean Exploration; USGS
FX The authors thank H.L. Spaulding for recommending mesophotic algal
references; Drs Slattery, Lesser, and Gochfeld for sharing data and
offering editorial advice; and our anonymous reviewers for providing
helpful suggestions. Thanks are also due to the other participants at
NOAA's Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems Workshop for thought-provoking
discussions. Funding for this work was provided to J.B.O. by NOAA-NIUST
(grant number NA16RU1496) and NOAA-Ocean Exploration and to C.A.K. by
USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program and USGS Terrestrial,
Freshwater, and Marine Ecosystems Program.
NR 155
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 28
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0168-6496
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL
JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 73
IS 1
BP 17
EP 30
DI 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00862.x
PG 14
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 606BD
UT WOS:000278394500002
PM 20402776
ER
PT J
AU Mills, CT
Amano, Y
Slater, GF
Dias, RF
Iwatsuki, T
Mandernack, KW
AF Mills, Christopher T.
Amano, Yuki
Slater, Gregory F.
Dias, Robert F.
Iwatsuki, Teruki
Mandernack, Kevin W.
TI Microbial carbon cycling in oligotrophic regional aquifers near the Tono
Uranium Mine, Japan as inferred from delta C-13 and Delta C-14 values of
in situ phospholipid fatty acids and carbon sources
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; METHYLOCOCCUS-CAPSULATUS BATH;
METHANE-UTILIZING BACTERIA; DEEP GRANITIC ROCK; ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION;
METHANOTROPHIC BACTERIA; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SP NOV.;
GEOBACTER-METALLIREDUCENS; ANAEROBIC OXIDATION
AB Microorganisms are ubiquitous in deep subsurface environments, but their role in the global carbon cycle is not well-understood. The natural abundance delta C-13 and Delta C-14 values of microbial membrane phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) were measured and used to assess the carbon sources of bacteria in sedimentary and granitic groundwaters sampled from three boreholes in the vicinity of the Tono Uranium Mine, Gifu, Japan. Sample storage experiments were performed and drill waters analyzed to characterize potential sources of microbial contamination. The most abundant PLFA structures in all waters sampled were 16:0,16:1 omega 7c, cy17:0, and 18:1 omega 7c. A PLFA biomarker for type 11 methanotrophs, 18:1 omega 8c, comprised 3% and 18% of total PLFAs in anoxic sedimentary and granitic waters, respectively, sampled from the KNA-6 borehole. The presence of this biomarker was unexpected given that type II methanotrophs are considered obligate aerobes. However, a bacterium that grows aerobically with CH4 as the sole energy source and which also produces 56% of its total PLFAs as 18:1 omega 8c was isolated from both waters, providing additional evidence for the presence of type II methanotrophs. The Delta C-14 values determined for type II methanotroph PLFAs in the sedimentary (-86 parts per thousand) and granite (-867 parts per thousand) waters were very similar to the Delta C-14 values of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in each water (similar to-850 parts per thousand). This suggests that type II methanotrophs ultimately derive all their carbon from inorganic sources, whether directly from DIC and/or from CH4 produced by the reduction of DIC. In contrast, delta C-13 values of type II PLFAs in the sedimentary (-93 parts per thousand) and granite (-60 parts per thousand) waters indicate that these organisms use different carbon assimilation schemes in each environment despite very similar delta C-13(CH4) values (-similar to 95 parts per thousand) for each water. The delta C-13(PLFA) values (-28 parts per thousand to -45 parts per thousand) of non-methanotrophic bacteria in the KNA-6 LTL water do not clearly distinguish between heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolisms, but Delta C-14(PLFA) values indicate that >65% of total bacteria filtered from the KNA-6 LTL water are heterotrophs. Ancient Delta C-14 values (similar to-1000 parts per thousand) of some PLFAs suggest that many heterotrophs utilize ancient organic matter, perhaps from lignite seams within the sedimentary rocks. The more negative range of delta C-13(PLFA) values determined for the KNA-6 granitic water (-42 parts per thousand to -66 parts per thousand) are likely the result of a microbial ecosystem dominated by chemolithoautotrophy, perhaps fuelled by abiogenic H-2. Results of sample storage experiments showed substantial shifts in microbial community composition and delta C-13(PLFA) values (as much as 5 parts per thousand) during 2-4 days of dark, refrigerated, aseptic storage. However, water samples collected and immediately filtered back in the lab from freshly drilled MSB-2 borehole appeared to maintain the same relative relationships between delta C-13(PLFA) values for sedimentary and granitic host rocks as observed for samples directly filtered under artesian flow from the KNA-6 borehole of the Tono Uranium Mine. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mills, Christopher T.; Mandernack, Kevin W.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Mills, Christopher T.; Dias, Robert F.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Amano, Yuki; Iwatsuki, Teruki; Mandernack, Kevin W.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Mizunami Underground Res Lab, Mizunami, Gifu, Japan.
[Amano, Yuki; Iwatsuki, Teruki] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Horonobe Underground Res Ctr, Horonobe, Hokkaido 0983224, Japan.
[Slater, Gregory F.] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Geol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
[Dias, Robert F.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
RP Mandernack, KW (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM kmandern@mines.edu
RI Slater, Greg/B-5163-2013
OI Slater, Greg/0000-0001-7418-7566
FU NSF [EAR-9985234]; Japan Atomic Energy Agency
FX We thank Drs. Helen Fredericks and Roger Summons for intact polar lipid
analyses: Drs. Chris Reddy, Ann McNichol, and Li Xu for help with
14C analyses of PLFAs: Dr. Barbara Sherwood-Lollar for the
use of lab facilities for CH4 delta13C
measurements; Dr. Takeshi Naganuma for his efforts in developing the
KNA-6 borehole for microbiological investigations; Roland Thurston, Dr.
Joel Leventhal, Dr. James Mills, and three anonymous reviewers for their
helpful insights on previous versions of the manuscript; and Dr. David
Burdige for his editorial handling of the manuscript. This work was
funded by a grant to K.W.M. from the Earth Sciences Program of NSF
(EAR-9985234) and by support from the Japan Atomic Energy Agency. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 119
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 32
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 13
BP 3785
EP 3805
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2010.03.016
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 607NH
UT WOS:000278510300008
ER
PT J
AU Gomberg, J
AF Gomberg, Joan
CA Cascadia 2007 Working Grp
TI Slow-slip phenomena in Cascadia from 2007 and beyond: A review
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Review
ID LOW-FREQUENCY EARTHQUAKES; SUBDUCTION ZONE; SOUTHWEST JAPAN; SILENT
SLIP; EPISODIC TREMOR; GREAT EARTHQUAKES; GROUND MOTIONS; DEFORMATION;
EVENTS; REGION
AB Recent technological advances combined with more detailed analyses of seismologic and geodetic observations have fundamentally changed our understanding of the ways in which tectonic stresses arising from plate motions are accommodated by slip on faults. The traditional view that relative plate motions are accommodated by a simple cycle of stress accumulation and release on "locked" plate-boundary faults has been revolutionized by the serendipitous discovery and recognition of the significance of slow-slip phenomena, mostly in the deeper reaches of subduction zones. The Cascadia subduction zone, located in the Pacific Northwest of the conterminous United States and adjacent Canada, is an archetype of exploration and learning about slow-slip phenomena. These phenomena are manifest as geodetically observed aseismic transient deformations accompanied by a previously unrecognized class of seismic signals. Although secondary failure processes may be involved in generating the seismic signals, the primary origins of both aseismic and seismic phenomena appear to be episodic fault slip, probably facilitated by fluids, on a plate interface that is critically stressed or weakened. In Cascadia, this transient slip evolves more slowly and over more prolonged durations relative to the slip in earthquakes, and it occurs between the 30- and 40-km-depth contours of the plate interface where information was previously elusive. Although there is some underlying organization that relaxes nearly all the accrued plate-motion stresses along the entirety of Cascadia, we now infer that slow slip evolves in complex patterns indicative of propagating stress fronts. Our new understanding provides key constraints not only on the region where the slow slip originates, but also on the probable characteristics of future megathrust earthquakes in Cascadia. Herein, we review the most significant scientific issues and progress related to understanding slow-slip phenomena in Cascadia and highlight some of their societal implications. We provide a comprehensive review, from the big picture as inferred from studies of regional-scale monitoring data to the details revealed by innovative, focused experiments and new instrumentation. We focus on what has been learned largely since 2007, when several major investments in monitoring and temporary deployments dramatically increased the quality and quantity of available data.
C1 [Gomberg, Joan; Cascadia 2007 Working Grp] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Gomberg, J (reprint author), Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Box 351310, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM gomberg@usgs.gov
RI Ghosh, Abhijit/E-3197-2010;
OI Ghosh, Abhijit/0000-0002-0557-2839; Rubinstein,
Justin/0000-0003-1274-6785
NR 108
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 3
U2 27
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 122
IS 7-8
BP 963
EP 978
DI 10.1130/B30287.1
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 605MI
UT WOS:000278351300001
ER
PT J
AU Holm-Denoma, CS
Das, R
AF Holm-Denoma, Christopher S.
Das, Reshmi
TI Bimodal volcanism as evidence for Paleozoic extensional accretionary
tectonism in the southern Appalachians
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID EASTERN BLUE RIDGE; U-PB AGES; LAURENTIAN MARGIN; TACONIAN OROGENY;
ALABAMA PIEDMONT; NORTH-CAROLINA; TRACE-ELEMENT; ZIRCON AGES;
NEW-ENGLAND; EVOLUTION
AB Detailed mapping, U-Pb ages of igneous and detrital zircons, and isotopic and geochemical characterization of a bimodal volcanic sequence from the Appalachian Blue Ridge province provide constraints for the timing and tectonic setting of volcanism along the Early Paleozoic southeastern Laurentian margin. These units, the Pumpkinvine Creek Formation and related rocks, are interpreted as having been deposited along an extended Laurentian margin in a backarc setting during the mid-Ordovician, and tectonically emplaced as late as the late Paleozoic Alleghanian orogeny.
Two felsite layers from the Pumpkin-vine Creek Formation, a bimodal metavolcanic sequence, have ages of 466 +/- 5 Ma and 461 +/- 3 Ma. Geochemical analyses of meta-basalts indicate compositions derived from a suprasubduction zone, and more specifically a backarc. Furthermore, epsilon(Nd(460Ma)) = (+) 3.3-(+)7.7 and (87)Sr/(86)Sr(initial) = 0.7044-0.7069 indicate a juvenile source. The protoliths of the felsic lithofacies were low-potassium rhyodacite, and have epsilon(Nd(460 Ma)) = (-) 3.2 -(+) 4.65 and (87)Sr/(86)Sr(initial) = 0.709-0.722, suggesting incorporation of an evolved crustal component, which we interpret as Laurentian continental lithosphere. Furthermore, detrital zircons derived from within the Pumpkinvine Creek Formation yielded a majority of ages between 1017 and 1190 Ma, indicating that the source is likely a component of the rifted eastern Laurentian margin.
A backarc origin for the Pumpkinvine Creek Formation indicates that the geodynamic setting of the southeastern margin of Laurentia included a retreating subduction zone resulting in extensional accretionary tectonism. These results have implications for the evolution of the southeastern Laurentian margin during a time traditionally linked to collision of an exotic Taconic arc with Laurentia. Additionally, we suggest that there are significant along-orogen disparities that may result from fundamental tectonic boundaries.
C1 [Holm-Denoma, Christopher S.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Das, Reshmi] Florida State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Das, Reshmi] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Holm-Denoma, CS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM cholm-denoma@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey [01HQAG0160, 02HQAG0100, 03HQAG0100]; National
Science Foundation [EAR-0309284]; National High Magnetic Field
Laboratory at Florida State University; Sigma Xi
FX We are grateful to several colleagues whose studies have contributed to
understanding the geology of the southern Appalachian Blue Ridge. We
would like to acknowledge George Gehrels and Victor Valencia of the
Arizona LaserChron Center at the University of Arizona for their
guidance in U-Pb zircon analysis. Part of this work stems from research
supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, National Cooperative Geologic
Mapping Program, under assistance awards 01HQAG0160, 02HQAG0100, and
03HQAG0100, National Science Foundation award EAR-0309284, the National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Florida State University, and a Sigma
Xi Grants-in-Aid of Research award. Our discussions with James Tull and
Stephen Kish and reviews of an earlier version of this manuscript by
Raymond Coish and Brent Miller have significantly added to the quality
of this manuscript. Furthermore, reviews by John Aleinikoff and James
Tull and journal reviewers Mark Steltenpohl, an anonymous reviewer, and
associate editor Sandra Barr are much appreciated and improved the
manuscript significantly.
NR 80
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 122
IS 7-8
BP 1220
EP 1234
DI 10.1130/B30051.1
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 605MI
UT WOS:000278351300018
ER
PT J
AU McIntosh, JC
Warwick, PD
Martini, AM
Osborn, SG
AF McIntosh, Jennifer C.
Warwick, Peter D.
Martini, Anna M.
Osborn, Stephen G.
TI Coupled hydrology and biogeochemistry of Paleocene-Eocene coal beds,
northern Gulf of Mexico
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID FRESH-WATER ENVIRONMENTS; BIOGENIC GAS SYSTEMS; SAN-JUAN BASIN;
SEDIMENTARY BASIN; MICROBIAL METHANE; METHANOGENIC PATHWAYS; PETROLEUM
RESERVOIRS; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; ISOTOPE EVIDENCE; DEEP SUBSURFACE
AB Thirty-six formation waters, gas, and microbial samples were collected and analyzed from natural gas and oil wells producing from the Paleocene to Eocene Wilcox Group coal beds and adjacent sandstones in north-central Louisiana, USA, to investigate the role hydrology plays on the generation and distribution of microbial methane. Major ion chemistry and Cl-Br relations of Wilcox Group formation waters suggest mixing of freshwater with halite-derived brines. High alkalinities (up to 47.8 meq/L), no detectable SO(4), and elevated delta(13)C values of dissolved inorganic carbon (up to 20.5% Vienna Peedee belemnite [VPDB]) and CO(2) (up to 17.67% VPDB) in the Wilcox Group coals and adjacent sandstones indicate the dominance of microbial methanogenesis. The delta(13)C and delta D values of CH(4), and carbon isotope fractionation of CO(2) and CH(4), suggest CO(2) reduction is the major methanogenic pathway. Geochemical indicators for methanogenesis drop off significantly at chloride concentrations above similar to 1.7 mol/L, suggesting that high salinities inhibit microbial activity at depths greater than similar to 1.6 km. Formation waters in the Wilcox Group contain up to 1.6% modern carbon (A(14)C) to at least 1690 m depth; the covariance of dD values of co-produced H(2)O and CH(4) indicate that the microbial methane was generated in situ with these Late Pleistocene or younger waters. The most enriched carbon isotope values for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and CO(2), and highest alkalinities, were detected in Wilcox Group sandstone reservoirs that were CO(2) flooded in the 1980s for enhanced oil recovery, leading to the intriguing hypothesis that CO(2) sequestration may actually enhance methanogenesis in organic-rich formations.
C1 [McIntosh, Jennifer C.; Osborn, Stephen G.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[McIntosh, Jennifer C.; Osborn, Stephen G.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Warwick, Peter D.] 956 Natl Ctr, US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Martini, Anna M.] Amherst Coll, Dept Geol, Amherst, MA 01002 USA.
RP McIntosh, JC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM mcintosh@hwr.arizona.edu; pwarwick@usgs.gov; ammartini@amherst.edu;
sosborn@hwr.arizona.edu
OI Warwick, Peter/0000-0002-3152-7783
FU Morton K. and Jane Blaustein Foundation; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This study was supported by funds from the Morton K. and Jane Blaustein
Foundation and the U.S. Geological Survey. Margo Corum and Matt
Stevenson assisted with fi eld sample collection and analyses. Cell
counts were performed by Larry Feinberg. We thank GeoMet Operating
Company, Vintage Petroleum, Mark V Petroleum, Hunt Petroleum
Corporation, Justiss Oil Company, and Tommy Garrot Operator Services for
permission to sample wells. We also acknowledge Jeff Hanor, Clayton
Breland, and Steve Petsch for helpful discussions that greatly aided
this research, and Maria Mastalerz and Cynthia Rice for their revisions
on an early version of the manuscript. We also thank two anonymous
reviewers and Associate Editor Daniel Larsen for their helpful comments.
Any use of trade, product, or fi rm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 90
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 16
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 122
IS 7-8
BP 1248
EP 1264
DI 10.1130/B30039.1
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 605MI
UT WOS:000278351300020
ER
PT J
AU Tsai, VC
Moschetti, MP
AF Tsai, Victor C.
Moschetti, Morgan P.
TI An explicit relationship between time-domain noise correlation and
spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) results
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Surface waves and free oscillations; Seismic tomography; Theoretical
seismology; Wave propagation; Crustal structure
ID AMBIENT SEISMIC NOISE; SURFACE-WAVE TOMOGRAPHY; PHASE-VELOCITY MAPS;
GREENS-FUNCTION; FIELDS; RAYLEIGH
AB P>The success of recent ambient noise tomographic studies is now understood to arise due to cross-correlation properties documented in the acoustics community since the 1950s. However, despite the fact that Aki's 1957 spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) work yields identical analytical results to certain noise correlation results, the precise relationship between SPAC and time-domain cross-correlation remains not entirely transparent. Here, we present an explicit comparison of the two approaches and clarify that SPAC theory is indeed equivalent to the cross-correlation theory used for recent noise tomography studies. This equivalence allows theoretical work from each field to be applied to the other, and we illustrate a few examples of this.
C1 [Tsai, Victor C.; Moschetti, Morgan P.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Team, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Tsai, VC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Team, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM vtsai@post.harvard.edu
RI Tsai, Victor/J-8405-2012
OI Tsai, Victor/0000-0003-1809-6672
FU United States Geological Survey
FX The authors would like to thank S. Hartzell, M. W. Asten, W. J.
Stephenson, F. C. Lin, R. Snieder and D. E. McNamara for helpful
discussions, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments.
Seismograms were provided by IRIS. This research was supported by the
Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellowship program of the United States
Geological Survey.
NR 29
TC 31
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 15
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 182
IS 1
BP 454
EP 460
DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04633.x
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 608XN
UT WOS:000278619400028
ER
PT J
AU Dickinson, JE
Pool, DR
Groom, RW
Davis, LJ
AF Dickinson, Jesse E.
Pool, D. R.
Groom, R. W.
Davis, L. J.
TI Inference of lithologic distributions in an alluvial aquifer using
airborne transient electromagnetic surveys
SO GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUNDWATER; VALLEYS; DENMARK
AB An airborne transient electromagnetic (TEM) survey was completed in the Upper San Pedro Basin in southeastern Arizona to map resistivity distributions within the alluvial aquifer. This investigation evaluated the utility of ID vertical resistivity models of the TEM data to infer lithologic distributions in an alluvial aquifer. Comparisons of the resistivity values and layers in the ID resistivity models of airborne TEM data to ID resistivity models of ground TEM data, borehole resistivity logs, and lithologic descriptions in drill logs indicated that the airborne TEM identified thick conductive fine-grained sediments that result in semiconfined groundwater conditions. One-dimensional models of ground-based TEM surveys and subsurface lithology at three sites were used to determine starting models and constraints to invert airborne TEM data using a constrained Marquardt-style underparameterized method. A maximum structural resolution of six layers underlain by a half-space was determined from the resistivity structure of the ID models of the ground TEM data. The ID resistivity models of the airborne TEM data compared well with the control data to depths of approximately 100 m in areas of thick conductive silt and clay and to depths of 200 m in areas of resistive sand and gravel. Comparison of a 3D interpolation of the ID resistivity models to drill logs indicated resistive (mean of 65 ohm-m) coarse-grained sediments along basin margins and conductive (mean of 8 ohm-m) fine-grained sediments at the basin center. Extents of hydrologically significant thick silt and clay were well mapped by the I D resistivity models of airborne TEM data. Areas of uncertain lithology remain below conductive fine-grained sediments where the ID resistivity structure is not resolved: in areas where multiple lithologies have similar resistivity values and in areas of high salinity.
C1 [Dickinson, Jesse E.; Pool, D. R.] US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Groom, R. W.; Davis, L. J.] Petros Eikon Inc, Brampton, ON, Canada.
RP Dickinson, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
EM jdickins@usgs.gov; drpool@usgs.gov; ross_g@petroseikon.com;
laura@petroseikon.com
RI Dickinson, Jesse/I-7177-2016
OI Dickinson, Jesse/0000-0002-0048-0839
FU Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR); U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS)
FX Funding for the airborne TEM survey, electrical modeling, and data
analysis was provided by the Arizona Department of Water Resources
(ADWR) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Important data sources
included well logs obtained from the GWSI well database from the ADWR
and geophysical logs obtained from Daniel Weber of Montgomery and
Associates Inc. in Tucson, Arizona. Jamie Macy and James Callegary of
the USGS collected ground TEM measurements. The authors thank Ty P. A.
Ferre of The University of Arizona, Frank Corkhill of ADWR, and three
anonymous reviewers for their comments. The use of brand names does not
constitute product endorsement by the USGS.
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 0016-8033
J9 GEOPHYSICS
JI Geophysics
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 75
IS 4
BP WA149
EP WA161
DI 10.1190/1.3464325
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676KN
UT WOS:000283910000049
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, TC
Versteeg, RJ
Ward, A
Day-Lewis, FD
Revil, A
AF Johnson, Timothy C.
Versteeg, Roelof J.
Ward, Andy
Day-Lewis, Frederick D.
Revil, Andre
TI Improved hydrogeophysical characterization and monitoring through
parallel modeling and inversion of time-domain resistivity and
induced-polarization data
SO GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA INCORPORATING TOPOGRAPHY
AB Electrical geophysical methods have found wide use in the growing discipline of hydrogeophysics for characterizing the electrical properties of the subsurface and for monitoring subsurface processes in terms of the spatiotemporal changes in subsurface conductivity, chargeability, and source currents they govern. Presently, multichannel and multielectrode data collections systems can collect large data sets in relatively short periods of time. Practitioners, however, often are unable to fully utilize these large data sets and the information they contain because of standard desktop-computer processing limitations. These limitations can be addressed by utilizing the storage and processing capabilities of parallel computing environments. We have developed a parallel distributed-memory forward and inverse modeling algorithm for analyzing resistivity and time-domain induced polarization (IP) data. The primary components of the parallel computations include distributed computation of the pole solutions in forward mode, distributed storage and computation of the Jacobian matrix in inverse mode, and parallel execution of the inverse equation solver. We have tested the corresponding parallel code in three efforts: (1) resistivity characterization of the Hanford 300 Area Integrated Field Research Challenge site in Hanford, Washington, U.S.A., (2) resistivity characterization of a volcanic island in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea in Italy, and (3) resistivity and IP monitoring of biostimulation at a Superfund site in Brandywine, Maryland, U.S.A. Inverse analysis of each of these data sets would be limited or impossible in a standard serial computing environment, which underscores the need for parallel high-performance computing to fully utilize the potential of electrical geophysical methods in hydrogeophysical applications.
C1 [Johnson, Timothy C.; Versteeg, Roelof J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Ward, Andy] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Day-Lewis, Frederick D.] US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, Storrs, CT USA.
[Revil, Andre] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Revil, Andre] Univ Savoie, INSU CNRS LGIT, Le Bourget Du Lac, France.
RP Johnson, TC (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM timothy.johnson@inl.gov; roelof.versteeg@inl.gov; andy.ward@pnl.gov;
daylewis@usgs.gov; arevil@mines.edu
OI Day-Lewis, Frederick/0000-0003-3526-886X
FU Office of Biological & Environmental Research (OBER), U. S. Department
of Energy (DOE); Environmental Security Technology Certification Program
(ESTCP) [ER-0717]; USGS; INSU-CNRS; Laboratoire GeoSciences Reunion in
France; Instituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale del CNR;
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia; Dipartimento per la
Protezione Civile in Italy [V3.5]; DOE, Office of Science, under DOE
Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-051D14517]
FX We thank Partha Routh for helpful discussions and advice concerning the
serial version of the code presented. We acknowledge and appreciate
helpful reviews by Colin Farquharson, Adam Pidlisecky, Rory Henderson,
and an anonymous reviewer. This research was supported in part by the
Environmental Remediation Sciences Program (ERSP), Office of Biological
& Environmental Research (OBER), U. S. Department of Energy (DOE), as
part of the Hanford 300 Area Integrated Field Research Challenge
Project. Brandywine characterization and monitoring is supported by
grant ER-0717 from the Environmental Security Technology Certification
Program (ESTCP) and by the USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program.
Financial support for the work performed at Vulcano Island was provided
by INSU-CNRS and the Laboratoire GeoSciences Reunion in France, the
Instituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale del CNR, the Istituto
Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, and the Dipartimento per la
Protezione Civile in Italy (Project V3.5 Vulcano, 2005-2007). This work
is supported by the DOE, Office of Science, under DOE Idaho Operations
Office contract DE-AC07-051D14517.
NR 28
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U1 0
U2 9
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 0016-8033
EI 1942-2156
J9 GEOPHYSICS
JI Geophysics
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 75
IS 4
BP WA27
EP WA41
DI 10.1190/1.3475513
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676KN
UT WOS:000283910000038
ER
PT J
AU Toran, L
Johnson, M
Nyquist, J
Rosenberry, D
AF Toran, Laura
Johnson, Melanie
Nyquist, Jonathan
Rosenberry, Donald
TI Delineating a road-salt plume in lakebed sediments using electrical
resistivity, piezometers, and seepage meters at Mirror Lake, New
Hampshire, USA
SO GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUND-WATER DISCHARGE; SURFACE CONDUCTIVITY; INDUCED POLARIZATION;
FLOW; HETEROGENEITY; MINNESOTA; EXCHANGE; BALANCE
AB Electrical-resistivity surveys, seepage meter measurements, and drive-point piezometers have been used to characterize chloride-enriched groundwater in lakebed sediments of Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, U.S.A. A combination of bottom-cable and floating-cable electrical-resistivity surveys identified a conductive zone (< 100 ohm-m) overlying resistive bedrock (< 1000 ohm-m) beneath the lake. Shallow pore-water samples from piezometers in lakebed sediments have chloride concentrations of 200-1800, mu eq/liter, and lake water has a chloride concentration of 104,mu eq/liter. The extent of the plume was estimated and mapped using resistivity and water-sample data. The plume (20 x 35 m wide and at least 3 m thick) extends nearly the full length, and width of a small inlet, overlying the top of a basin formed by the bedrock. It would not have been possible to map the plume's shape without the resistivity surveys because wells provided only limited coverage. Seepage meters were installed approximately 40 m from the mouth of a small stream discharging at the head of the inlet in an area where the resistivity data indicated lake sediments are thin. These meters recorded in-seepage of chloride-enriched groundwater at rates similar to those observed closer to shore, which was unexpected because seepage usually declines away from shore. Although the concentration of road salt in the northeast inlet stream is declining, the plume map and seepage data indicate the groundwater contribution of road salt to the lake is not declining. The findings demonstrate the benefit of combining geophysical and hydrologic data to characterize discharge of a plume beneath Mirror Lake. The extent of the plume in groundwater beneath the lake and stream indicate there will likely be a long-term source of chloride to the lake from groundwater.
C1 [Toran, Laura; Johnson, Melanie; Nyquist, Jonathan] Temple Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Rosenberry, Donald] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Toran, L (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
EM ltoran@temple.edu; melanie.johnson0002@temple.edu; nyq@temple.edu;
rosenber@usgs.gov
RI Rosenberry, Donald/C-2241-2013; Nyquist, Jonathan/B-2240-2010
OI Rosenberry, Donald/0000-0003-0681-5641;
FU National Science Foundation [0609827]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Hydrologic
Sciences Program under award 0609827. Thanks to the Hubbard Brook
Research Foundation for providing logistical support. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 52
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 15
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 0016-8033
EI 1942-2156
J9 GEOPHYSICS
JI Geophysics
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 75
IS 4
BP WA75
EP WA83
DI 10.1190/1.3467505
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676KN
UT WOS:000283910000042
ER
PT J
AU Wallin, EL
AF Wallin, Erin L.
TI Sensitivity of the high-frequency sounding method to variations in
electrical properties
SO GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POROUS-MEDIA; MODEL; ROCKS
AB Instrumentation for high-frequency sounding (HFS) was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in the late 1980s, continuing until 2006. To aid in this development, forward modeling and sensitivity analysis of vertical magnetic fields to electromagnetic (EM) properties between 100 kHz and 100 MHz were completed. Because these frequencies encompass the transition between the diffusion and propagation regimes, the HFS method ought to be sensitive to all properties contained in the EM wavenumber - namely, electrical conductivity, dielectric permittivity, and magnetic permeability as well as layer thickness. The models consist of three layers that simulate the contamination and remediation of dense nonaqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) contaminants by oxidation. This scenario provides values of sigma that would attenuate ground-penetrating radar signals and a range of epsilon which is a parameter that direct-current resistivity and low-frequency electromagnetic-induction (EMI) techniques are insensitive to. Conductivity and permittivity parameters are calculated with Archie's law and the Bruggeman-Hanai-Sen (BHS) mixing formula. The importance of thickness and electrical properties to vertical-magnetic-field response of the models initially was addressed using numerical differencing between models containing slight perturbations in electrical properties. Results from this procedure were oscillatory and hence problematic, so analytic partial derivatives of the vertical magnetic field with respect to each parameter were computed for the same scenarios. The derivatives show that the sensitivity to the second-layer permittivity is less than the sensitivity to other properties, and the response is sensitive to slightly magnetic soils. It is also evident that sensitivity and resolution are limited by depth of penetration. The sensitivity curves and plots of the real and imaginary portions of the EM wavenumber demonstrate that propagation begins near 10 MHz.
C1 [Wallin, Erin L.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Imaging & Characterizat Team, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Wallin, EL (reprint author), Inst Geol & Nucl Sci, Wairakei Res Ctr, Geothermal Grp, Taupo, New Zealand.
EM e.wallin@gns.cri.nz
FU EPA, through its Office of Research and Development [DW14937573-01];
USGS
FX Many people have contributed directly or indirectly to the development
of the ideas presented. In particular, I wish to acknowledge the
contributions of M. Deszcz-Pan, R. Horton, R. Hutton, and V. Labson
(USGS), A. Mazzella (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA), M.
Nabighian and G. R. OIhoeft (Colorado School of Mines), K. H. Lee for
providing the EM ID code, Arthur Wallin, and Willie Frangos. I would
also like to thank my current employer, Institute of Geological and
Nuclear Sciences, New Zealand, for allowing me the time to prepare this
manuscript. The EPA, through its Office of Research and Development,
partially funded this research under Interagency Agreement DW14937573-01
to the USGS. Although this work was reviewed by the EPA and approved for
publication, it may not reflect agency policy. Additional funding was
provided by the Mineral Resources Program of the USGS.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 8
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 0016-8033
J9 GEOPHYSICS
JI Geophysics
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 75
IS 4
BP WA189
EP WA197
DI 10.1190/1.3464772
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676KN
UT WOS:000283910000052
ER
PT J
AU Likos, WJ
Wayllace, A
Godt, J
Lu, N
AF Likos, William J.
Wayllace, Alexandra
Godt, Jonathan
Lu, Ning
TI Modified Direct Shear Apparatus for Unsaturated Sands at Low Suction and
Stress
SO GEOTECHNICAL TESTING JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE unsaturated soil; sand; direct shear; suction; hanging column; axis
translation
ID CHARACTERISTIC CURVE; SOIL; STRENGTH
AB Modifications to a conventional laboratory testing system are described for direct shear testing of unsaturated soils at relatively low matric suction and net normal stress. Matric suction ranging from zero (saturated) to about 10 kPa is controlled using a hanging column assembly (ASTM D6836). Net normal stress ranging from about 0.3 to 10 kPa is controlled by directly applying dead loads to the specimen via a series of aluminum top caps machined to varying thicknesses. Precise control of suction and normal stress within these ranges makes the apparatus ideal for examining the shear strength behavior of unsaturated sands, which are characterized by relatively low air-entry pressures and for which the influences of matric suction on mechanical response can be subtle. Soil-water characteristic curves are concurrently obtained during the shear testing program by measuring transient and equilibrium pore water drainage under the imposed suction changes. Testing procedures and recommended protocols are described. Results from a series of tests using saturated and unsaturated specimens of poorly graded fine sand are presented to demonstrate application and performance of the system. Relationships between shear strength and matric suction are non-linear and exhibit peak shear strength at matric suction within the range of the air-entry suction. High friction angles measured for the portions of the failure envelope at low matric suction and normal stress may indicate the effects of dilation on the strength development.
C1 [Wayllace, Alexandra; Lu, Ning] Colorado Sch Mines, Div Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Likos, William J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Godt, Jonathan] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Wayllace, A (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Div Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM awayllac@mines.edu
FU USGS; National Science Foundation [NSF CMMI 0855783]
FX Funding for this research was provided by a grant from the USGS
Landslides Hazards Program and by a grant from National Science
Foundation (Grant No. NSF CMMI 0855783) to N.L. These supports are
gratefully acknowledged.
NR 24
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS
PI W CONSHOHOCKEN
PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA
SN 0149-6115
J9 GEOTECH TEST J
JI Geotech. Test. J.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 4
BP 286
EP 298
PG 13
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA 630WH
UT WOS:000280305200002
ER
PT J
AU Hunt, RJ
Welter, DE
AF Hunt, Randall J.
Welter, David E.
TI Taking Account of "Unknown Unknowns"
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Hunt, Randall J.] USGS Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Welter, David E.] S Florida Water Management Dist, Hydrol & Environm Syst Modeling Dept, W Palm Beach, FL 33406 USA.
RP Hunt, RJ (reprint author), USGS Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
EM rjhunt@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 48
IS 4
BP 477
EP 477
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00681.x
PG 1
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 614TL
UT WOS:000279082600001
PM 20132326
ER
PT J
AU Fairley, JP
Ingebritsen, SE
Podgorney, RK
AF Fairley, J. P.
Ingebritsen, S. E.
Podgorney, R. K.
TI Challenges for Numerical Modeling of Enhanced Geothermal Systems
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Fairley, J. P.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Ingebritsen, S. E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Podgorney, R. K.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Fairley, JP (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Geol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM jfairley@uidaho.edu
OI Fairley, Jerry/0000-0002-6486-3003
NR 1
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 48
IS 4
BP 482
EP 483
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00716.x
PG 2
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 614TL
UT WOS:000279082600004
PM 20533951
ER
PT J
AU Wright, MT
Belitz, K
AF Wright, Michael T.
Belitz, Kenneth
TI Factors Controlling the Regional Distribution of Vanadium in Groundwater
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON-OXIDES; SEDIMENTARY-ROCKS; CLAY-MINERALS; TRACE-METALS; HENRY
BASIN; SOILS; GEOCHEMISTRY; ASSOCIATION; DEPOSITS; ELEMENTS
AB Although the ingestion of vanadium (V) in drinking water may have possible adverse health effects, there have been relatively few studies of V in groundwater. Given the importance of groundwater as a source of drinking water in many areas of the world, this study examines the potential sources and geochemical processes that control the distribution of V in groundwater on a regional scale. Potential sources of V to groundwater include dissolution of V rich rocks, and waste streams from industrial processes. Geochemical processes such as adsorption/desorption, precipitation/dissolution, and chemical transformations control V concentrations in groundwater. Based on thermodynamic data and laboratory studies, V concentrations are expected to be highest in samples collected from oxic and alkaline groundwater. However, the extent to which thermodynamic data and laboratory results apply to the actual distribution of V in groundwater is not well understood. More than 8400 groundwater samples collected in California were used in this study. Of these samples, high (>= 50 mu g/L) and moderate (25 to 49 mu g/L) V concentrations were most frequently detected in regions where both source rock and favorable geochemical conditions occurred. The distribution of V concentrations in groundwater samples suggests that significant sources of V are mafic and andesitic rock. Anthropogenic activities do not appear to be a significant contributor of V to groundwater in this study. High V concentrations in groundwater samples analyzed in this study were almost always associated with oxic and alkaline groundwater conditions, which is consistent with predictions based on thermodynamic data.
C1 [Wright, Michael T.; Belitz, Kenneth] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
RP Wright, MT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
EM mtwright@usgs.gov
FU California State Water Resources Control Board
FX The authors wish to thank our cooperator, the California State Water
Resources Control Board, for funding the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring
and Assessment program and the Priority Basin Project from which this
research is based. The authors also thank Tamie Weaver, Martin
Goldhaber, and one anonymous reviewer for their thoughtful comments and
suggestions that undoubtedly made this a better paper. The authors are
grateful to Larry Schneider of the USGS for the preparation of the
figures and Dr. John Izbicki of the USGS for his helpful suggestions.
NR 57
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U1 2
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 48
IS 4
BP 515
EP 525
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00666.x
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 614TL
UT WOS:000279082600009
PM 20100292
ER
PT J
AU Halford, KJ
Stamos, CL
Nishikawa, T
Martin, P
AF Halford, Keith J.
Stamos, Christina L.
Nishikawa, Tracy
Martin, Peter
TI Arsenic Management Through Well Modification and Simulation
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-GROUND WATER; CALIFORNIA; AQUIFER
AB Arsenic concentrations can be managed with a relatively simple strategy of grouting instead of completely destroying a selected interval of well. The strategy of selective grouting was investigated in Antelope Valley, California, where groundwater supplies most of the water demand. Naturally occurring arsenic typically exceeds concentrations of 10 mu g/L in the water produced from these long-screened wells. The vertical distributions of arsenic concentrations in intervals of the aquifer contributing water to selected supply wells were characterized with depth-dependent water-quality sampling and flow logs. Arsenic primarily entered the lower half of the wells where lacustrine clay deposits and a deeper aquifer occurred. Five wells were modified by grouting from below the top of the lacustrine clay deposits to the bottom of the well, which reduced produced arsenic concentrations to less than 2 mu g/L in four of the five wells. Long-term viability of well modification and reduction of specific capacity was assessed for well 4-54 with AnalyzeHOLE, which creates and uses axisymmetric, radial MODFLOW models. Two radial models were calibrated to observed borehole flows, drawdowns, and transmissivity by estimating hydraulic-conductivity values in the aquifer system and gravel packs of the original and modified wells. Lithology also constrained hydraulic-conductivity estimates as regularization observations. Well encrustations caused as much as 2 mu g/L increase in simulated arsenic concentration by reducing the contribution of flow from the aquifer system above the lacustrine clay deposits. Simulated arsenic concentrations in the modified well remained less than 3 mu g/L over a 20-year period.
C1 [Halford, Keith J.] US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
[Stamos, Christina L.; Nishikawa, Tracy; Martin, Peter] US Geol Survey, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
RP Halford, KJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2730 N Deer Run Rd, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
EM khalford@usgs.gov
FU California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Lahontan Region
FX This research was funded by the California Regional Water Quality
Control Board, Lahontan Region. The authors thank the following for
contributing to the improvement of the paper: Thomas J. Mack, Laura
Bexfield, Steven Phillips, Costantino Masciopinto, and two anonymous
reviewers.
NR 28
TC 5
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U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 48
IS 4
BP 526
EP 537
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00670.x
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 614TL
UT WOS:000279082600010
PM 20113363
ER
PT J
AU Haitjema, HM
Feinstein, DT
Hunt, RJ
Gusyev, MA
AF Haitjema, H. M.
Feinstein, D. T.
Hunt, R. J.
Gusyev, M. A.
TI A Hybrid Finite-Difference and Analytic Element Groundwater Model
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER FLOW; MODFLOW
AB Regional finite-difference models tend to have large cell sizes, often on the order of 1-2 km on a side. Although the regional flow patterns in deeper formations may be adequately represented by such a model, the intricate surface water and groundwater interactions in the shallower layers are not. Several stream reaches and nearby wells may occur in a single cell, precluding any meaningful modeling of the surface water and groundwater interactions between the individual features. We propose to replace the upper MODFLOW layer or layers, in which the surface water and groundwater interactions occur, by an analytic element model (GFLOW) that does not employ a model grid; instead, it represents wells and surface waters directly by the use of point-sinks and line-sinks. For many practical cases it suffices to provide GFLOW with the vertical leakage rates calculated in the original coarse MODFLOW model in order to obtain a good representation of surface water and groundwater interactions. However, when the combined transmissivities in the deeper (MODFLOW) layers dominate, the accuracy of the GFLOW solution diminishes. For those cases, an iterative coupling procedure, whereby the leakages between the GFLOW and MODFLOW model are updated, appreciably improves the overall solution, albeit at considerable computational cost. The coupled GFLOW-MODFLOW model is applicable to relatively large areas, in many cases to the entire model domain, thus forming an attractive alternative to local grid refinement or inset models.
C1 [Haitjema, H. M.; Gusyev, M. A.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Feinstein, D. T.] USGS WRD Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA.
[Hunt, R. J.] USGS WRD Wisconsin Dist, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
RP Haitjema, HM (reprint author), Indiana Univ, SPEA 439, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM haitjema@indiana.edu
FU USGS
FX This project has been funded by the Great Lakes Basin Pilot Project
which is part of the USGS National Assessment of Water Availability and
Use Program. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. The
manuscript has been greatly improved by the review comments of Steffen
Mehl, Paul Juckem, Mark Bakker, and Charlie Fitts.
NR 26
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U1 2
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 48
IS 4
BP 538
EP 548
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2009.00672.x
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 614TL
UT WOS:000279082600011
PM 20132324
ER
PT J
AU Moser, KA
Mordecai, JS
Reynolds, RL
Rosenbaum, JG
Ketterer, ME
AF Moser, Katrina A.
Mordecai, Jessica S.
Reynolds, Richard L.
Rosenbaum, Joseph G.
Ketterer, Michael E.
TI Diatom changes in two Uinta mountain lakes, Utah, USA: responses to
anthropogenic and natural atmospheric inputs
SO HYDROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Diatom; Metals; Dust; Eolian; Geochemistry; Alpine
ID UNITED-STATES; METAL POLLUTION; SEDIMENT CORES; WATER-QUALITY;
DEPOSITION; ECOSYSTEMS; GRADIENT; FINLAND; HISTORY; MINE
AB Diatom assemblages in sediments from two subalpine lakes in the Uinta Mountains, Utah, show asynchronous changes that are related to both anthropogenic and natural inputs of dust. These lakes are downwind of sources of atmospheric inputs originating from mining, industrial, urban, agricultural and natural sources that are distributed within tens to hundreds of kilometers west and south of the Uinta Mountains. Sediment cores were retrieved from Marshall and Hidden lakes to determine the impacts of atmospheric pollution, especially metals. Paleolimnological techniques, including elemental analyses and (210)Pb and (239+240)Pu dating, indicate that both lakes began receiving eolian inputs from anthropogenic sources in the late 1800s with the greatest increases occurring after the early 1900s. Over the last century, sediments in Marshall Lake, which is closer to the Wasatch Front and receives more precipitation than Hidden Lake, received twice the concentrations of metals and phosphorus as Hidden Lake. Comparison of diatom and elemental data reveals coeval changes in geochemistry and diatom assemblages at Marshall Lake, but not at Hidden Lake; however, a major shift in diatom assemblages occurs at Hidden Lake in the seventeenth century. The change in diatoms at Marshall Lake is marked by the near disappearance of Cyclotella stelligera and C. pseudostelligera and an increase in benthic, metal-tolerant diatoms. This change is similar to changes in other lakes that have been attributed to metal pollution. The marked change in diatom assemblages at Hidden Lake indicates a shift in lake-water pH from somewhat acidic to circumneutral. We hypothesize that this change in pH is related to drought-induced changes in input of carbonate-rich desert dust.
C1 [Moser, Katrina A.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Geog, London, ON N5Y 2S9, Canada.
[Mordecai, Jessica S.] Mordecai Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Reynolds, Richard L.; Rosenbaum, Joseph G.] Reynolds US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Ketterer, Michael E.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Moser, KA (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Geog, 1151 Richmond St N, London, ON N5Y 2S9, Canada.
EM kmoser@uwo.ca
FU U.S. Geological Survey; US Forest Service (Ashley National Forest); NSF
[0402209]
FX This research was funded by the Earth Surface Dynamics Program of the
U.S. Geological Survey, the US Forest Service (Ashley National Forest),
and NSF funds (Grant #0402209) to Moser. Special thanks are extended to
Rick Knurr who provided water chemistry analyses, and to Jeff Munroe who
provided helpful comments, particularly on soils of the Uinta Mountains.
Reviewers, Karen Koinig and Neal Michelutti, provided comments and
suggestions that significantly improved the manuscript.
NR 71
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U1 4
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0018-8158
J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA
JI Hydrobiologia
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 648
IS 1
BP 91
EP 108
DI 10.1007/s10750-010-0145-7
PG 18
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 591FE
UT WOS:000277284000008
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, TL
Flint, PL
Schmutz, JA
Derksen, DV
AF Lewis, Tyler L.
Flint, Paul L.
Schmutz, Joel A.
Derksen, Dirk V.
TI Pre-moult patterns of habitat use and moult site selection by Brent
Geese Branta bernicla nigricans: individuals prospect for moult sites
SO IBIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Brenta bernicla; flightless moult; habitat change; habitat selection;
prospecting; Teshekpuk Lake
ID GATHERING PUBLIC INFORMATION; TESHEKPUK LAKE; BLACK BRANT; INTERSPECIFIC
COMPETITION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; COASTAL-PLAIN; ANSER-ANSER; ALASKA; BIRDS;
FLYCATCHER
AB In environments where habitat quality varies, the mechanism by which individuals assess and select habitats has significant consequences on their spatial distribution and ability to respond to environmental change. Each year, thousands of Black Brent Geese Branta bernicla nigricans migrate to the Teshekpuk Lake Special Area (TLSA), Alaska, to undergo a flightless wing-moult. Over the last three decades, moulting Brent Geese have changed their distribution within the TLSA, redistributing from inland, freshwater wetlands towards coastal, brackish wetlands. To understand better the mechanism by which Brent Geese select a moult site, as well as reasons behind the long-term shift of moulting distributions, we examined movements and habitat use of birds marked with GPS-transmitters during the pre-moult period. Brent Geese did not generally migrate directly to their moulting site during the pre-moult period, defined as the time from arrival at the moulting grounds to the onset of flightlessness. Rather, individuals used an average of 3.7 +/- 0.6 (se) wetland complexes and travelled a minimum of 95.14 +/- 15.84 km during the pre-moult period. Moreover, 69% of Brent Geese visited their final moult site only to leave and visit other sites before returning for the flightless moult. Brent Geese spent significant time in both inland freshwater and coastal estuarine habitats during the pre-moult, irrespective of the habitat in which they ultimately moulted. Whereas previous research suggested that Brent Geese choose moult sites based largely upon the experience of previous years, our observations suggest a mechanism of moult site selection whereby Brent Geese 'prospect' for moult sites, visiting multiple potential moult sites across varied habitat types, presumably gathering information from each site and correspondingly using this information to choose an appropriate moult site. By allowing individuals to adjust their distributions in response to habitat quality cues that may change annually, such as forage type and availability, prospecting may have influenced the long-term shift in moulting distributions of Brent Geese in the TLSA.
C1 [Lewis, Tyler L.; Flint, Paul L.; Schmutz, Joel A.; Derksen, Dirk V.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Lewis, TL (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, 311 Irving Bldg, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM tlewis@usgs.gov
OI Flint, Paul/0000-0002-8758-6993
FU Bureau of Land Management; US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
FX The Bureau of Land Management and US Geological Survey, Alaska Science
Center, provided funding and assisted with logistics. D. Nigro provided
logistic support and helicopter management during captures. D. Douglas
developed our algorithm for estimating moult initiation. B. Bartzen
assisted with captures. R. Lanctot provided housing in Barrow. S.
Hamilton of Arctic Air Alaska provided aerial support. This paper
benefited from the reviews of D. Nigro and J. Schamber. Use of trade,
product or company names is solely for descriptive purposes and does not
imply endorsement or criticism by the US government.
NR 51
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0019-1019
EI 1474-919X
J9 IBIS
JI Ibis
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 152
IS 3
BP 556
EP 568
PG 13
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 612RR
UT WOS:000278920700010
ER
PT J
AU Tosi, F
Orosei, R
Seu, R
Coradini, A
Lunine, JI
Filacchione, G
Gavrishin, AI
Capaccioni, F
Cerroni, P
Adriani, A
Moriconi, ML
Negrao, A
Flamini, E
Brown, RH
Wye, LC
Janssen, M
West, RD
Barnes, JW
Wall, SD
Clark, RN
Cruikshank, DP
McCord, TB
Nicholson, PD
Soderblom, JM
AF Tosi, F.
Orosei, R.
Seu, R.
Coradini, A.
Lunine, J. I.
Filacchione, G.
Gavrishin, A. I.
Capaccioni, F.
Cerroni, P.
Adriani, A.
Moriconi, M. L.
Negrao, A.
Flamini, E.
Brown, R. H.
Wye, L. C.
Janssen, M.
West, R. D.
Barnes, J. W.
Wall, S. D.
Clark, R. N.
Cruikshank, D. P.
McCord, T. B.
Nicholson, P. D.
Soderblom, J. M.
CA Cassini VIMS Team
RADAR Team
TI Correlations between VIMS and RADAR data over the surface of Titan:
Implications for Titan's surface properties
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Titan; Spectroscopy; Radar observations; Infrared observations
ID INFRARED MAPPING SPECTROMETER; MODE CENTRAL METHOD; CASSINI VIMS;
MULTIVARIATE CLASSIFICATION; HUYGENS PROBE; LANDING SITE; LUNAR ROCKS;
IMAGES; SPECTROSCOPY; CALIBRATION
AB We apply a multivariate statistical method to Titan data acquired by different instruments onboard the Cassini spacecraft. We have searched through Cassini/VIMS hyperspectral cubes, selecting those data with convenient viewing geometry and that overlap with Cassini/RADAR scatterometry footprints with a comparable spatial resolution. We look for correlations between the infrared and microwave ranges the two instruments cover. Where found, the normalized backscatter cross-section obtained from the scatterometer measurement, corrected for incidence angle, and the calibrated antenna temperature measured along with the scatterometry echoes, are combined with the infrared reflectances, with estimated errors, to produce an aggregate data set, that we process using a multivariate classification method to identify homogeneous taxonomic units in the multivariate space of the samples.
In medium resolution data (from 20 to 100 km/pixel), sampling relatively large portions of the satellite's surface, we find regional geophysical units matching both the major dark and bright features seen in the optical mosaic. Given the VIMS cubes and RADAR scatterometer passes considered in this work, the largest homogeneous type is associated with the dark equatorial basins, showing similar characteristics as each other on the basis of all the considered parameters.
On the other hand, the major bright features seen in these data generally do not show the same characteristics as each other. Xanadu, the largest continental feature, is as bright as the other equatorial bright features, while showing the highest backscattering coefficient of the entire satellite. Tsegihi is very bright at 5 mu m but it shows a low backscattering coefficient, so it could have a low roughness on a regional scale and/or a different composition. Another well-defined region, located southwest of Xanadu beyond the Tui Regio, seems to be detached from the surrounding terrains, being bright at 2.69, 2.78 and 5 mu m but having a low radar brightness. In this way, other units can be found that show correlations or anti-correlations between the scatterometric response and the spectrophotometric behavior, not evident from the optical remote sensing data. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tosi, F.; Orosei, R.; Coradini, A.; Lunine, J. I.; Adriani, A.] INAF, Ist Fis Spazio Interplanetario, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Seu, R.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Fac Ingn, Dipartimento INFOCOM, I-00184 Rome, Italy.
[Lunine, J. I.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Filacchione, G.; Capaccioni, F.; Cerroni, P.] INAF, IASF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Gavrishin, A. I.] S Russian State Tech Univ, Novocherkassk 346428, Russia.
[Moriconi, M. L.] CNR, ISAC, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Negrao, A.] ESTG, IPL, P-2411901 Leiria, Portugal.
[Flamini, E.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, I-00198 Rome, Italy.
[Brown, R. H.; Soderblom, J. M.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Brown, R. H.; Soderblom, J. M.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Wye, L. C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Janssen, M.; West, R. D.; Wall, S. D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Barnes, J. W.] Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Clark, R. N.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Cruikshank, D. P.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[McCord, T. B.] Bear Fight Ctr, Winthrop, WA 98862 USA.
[Nicholson, P. D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Tosi, F (reprint author), INAF, Ist Fis Spazio Interplanetario, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
EM federico.tosi@ifsi-roma.inaf.it
RI Barnes, Jason/B-1284-2009; moriconi, maria luisa/B-7201-2009;
OI Barnes, Jason/0000-0002-7755-3530; moriconi, maria
luisa/0000-0003-2609-2620; Negrao, Alberto/0000-0001-6042-1294; Cerroni,
Priscilla/0000-0003-0239-2741; Capaccioni, Fabrizio/0000-0003-1631-4314;
Soderblom, Jason/0000-0003-3715-6407; Adriani,
Alberto/0000-0003-4998-8008; Filacchione, Gianrico/0000-0001-9567-0055;
Tosi, Federico/0000-0003-4002-2434
FU Italian Space Agency; ASI-INAF [1/031/05, 1/026/05/0]; Incentivazione
alla mobilita di studiosi stranieri e italiani residenti all'estero
FX This research was conducted at the INAF-IFSI Institute (Roma, Italy),
supported by the Italian Space Agency, ASI-INAF Grant 1/031/05, and
under ASI-INAF Contract 1/026/05/0. J.I.. Lunine was financed within the
scope of the program "Incentivazione alla mobilita di studiosi stranieri
e italiani residenti all'estero".
NR 65
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 208
IS 1
BP 366
EP 384
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.02.003
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 611RJ
UT WOS:000278838200030
ER
PT J
AU Neish, CD
Lorenz, RD
Kirk, RL
Wye, LC
AF Neish, Catherine D.
Lorenz, Ralph D.
Kirk, Randolph L.
Wye, Lauren C.
TI Radarclinometry of the sand seas of Africa's Namibia and Saturn's moon
Titan
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Earth; Titan; Radar observations
ID CASSINI RADAR; DUNES; SAR; SPACEBORNE; SURFACE
AB Radarclinometry is a powerful technique for estimating heights of landforms in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of planetary surfaces. In particular, it has been used to estimate heights of dunes in the sand seas of Saturn's moon Titan (Lorenz, RD., and 39 colleagues [2006], Science 312, 724-727). In this work, we verify the technique by comparing dune heights derived from radarclinometry to known topography of dune fields in the Namib sand sea of western Africa. We compared results from three different image grid spacings, and found that 350 m/pixel (the same spacing at which the Cassini RADAR data was processed) is sufficient to determine dune height for dunes of similar morphometry to those of the Namib sand sea. At this grid spacing, height estimates derived from radarclinometry are largely representative of, though may underestimate by as much as 30%, or overestimate by as much as 40%, true dune height. Applying the technique to three regions on Titan, we estimate dune heights of 45-180 m, and dune spacings of 2.3-3.3 km. Obtaining accurate heights of Titan's dunes will help to constrain the total organic inventory on Titan. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Neish, Catherine D.; Lorenz, Ralph D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Kirk, Randolph L.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Wye, Lauren C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Neish, CD (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd,MP3-E169, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM catherine.neish@jhuapl.edu
RI Neish, Catherine/G-6321-2012; Lorenz, Ralph/B-8759-2016
OI Lorenz, Ralph/0000-0001-8528-4644
FU Cassini project
FX C.D. Neish, R.D. Lorenz and R.L. Kirk are supported by the Cassini
project. The International Centre for Tropical Agriculture is
acknowledged for making available a convenient SRTM data product. R.L.
thanks Bruce Chapman for assistance with CEOS reader software to convert
SIR-C data. The authors would also like to thank Ross Beyer and Tom Farr
for a thorough reading of the manuscript.
NR 24
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 208
IS 1
BP 385
EP 394
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.01.023
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 611RJ
UT WOS:000278838200031
ER
PT J
AU Barber, AM
Drake, KK
Nussear, KE
Esque, TC
Tracy, CR
Medica, PA
AF Barber, A. M.
Drake, K. K.
Nussear, K. E.
Esque, T. C.
Tracy, C. R.
Medica, P. A.
TI Structural equation modeling as a tool to evaluate translocation stress
in the desert tortoise
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, UNR, Reston, VA USA.
EM barberam@unr.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E8
EP E8
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297000032
ER
PT J
AU Bolden, AM
Vajda, AM
Barber, LB
AF Bolden, A. M.
Vajda, A. M.
Barber, L. B.
TI Reproductive disruption of fishes by endocrine-active wastewater
effluent
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
St Cloud St Univ, St Cloud, MN USA.
US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
EM alan.vajda@ucdenver.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E13
EP E13
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297000053
ER
PT J
AU Drake, KK
Nussear, KE
Esque, TC
Barber, A
Medica, PA
Tracy, CR
AF Drake, K. K.
Nussear, K. E.
Esque, T. C.
Barber, A.
Medica, P. A.
Tracy, C. R.
TI Does Translocation Effect Physiological Stress Levels in Desert
Tortoises?
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
Univ Nevada Reno, Reno, NV USA.
EM kdrake@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E46
EP E46
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297000184
ER
PT J
AU Atkinson, CT
Samuel, MD
AF Atkinson, Carter T.
Samuel, Michael D.
TI Avian malaria Plasmodium relictum in native Hawaiian forest birds:
epizootiology and demographic impacts on 'apapane Himatione sanguinea
SO JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CYANISTES-CAERULEUS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; SEASONAL-VARIATION; WILDLIFE
DISEASE; BORNE DISEASES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BLUE TITS; PREVALENCE;
POPULATION; AGE
AB The role of introduced avian malaria Plasmodium relictum in the decline and extinction of native Hawaiian forest birds has become a classic example of the potential effect of invasive diseases on biological diversity of naive populations. However, empirical evidence describing the impact of avian malaria on fitness of Hawai'i's endemic forest birds is limited, making it difficult to determine the importance of disease among the suite of potential limiting factors affecting the distribution and abundance of this threatened avifauna. We combined epidemiological force-of-infection with multistate capture--recapture models to evaluate a 7-year longitudinal study of avian malaria in 'apapane, a relatively common native honeycreeper within mid-elevation Hawaiian forests. We found that malaria transmission was seasonal in this mid-elevation forest; transmission peaked during fall and during some years produced epizootic mortality events. Estimated annual mortality of hatch-year birds typically exceeded 50% and mortality of adults exceeded 25% during epizootics. The substantial impact of avian malaria on this relatively common native species demonstrates the key role this disease has played in the decline and extinction of Hawaiian forest birds.
C1 [Samuel, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM catkinson@usgs.gov
FU National Wildlife Health Center for histopathology; USGS; NSF [DEB
0083944]
FX We thank P. Hudson and J. M. Scott for comments on this paper, R. J.
Dusek, W. Iko, J. Lease, N. Shema, B. Drake, and numerous Student
Conservation Association interns for field and laboratory assistance, J.
E. Hines for assistance with MSSURVIV, Louis Sileo at the National
Wildlife Health Center for histopathology, and the USGS Wildlife and
Invasive Species Programs and NSF biocomplexity grant DEB 0083944 for
financial support. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply
endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 52
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 3
U2 38
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0908-8857
EI 1600-048X
J9 J AVIAN BIOL
JI J. Avian Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 41
IS 4
BP 357
EP 366
DI 10.1111/j.1600-048X.2009.04915.x
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 623IO
UT WOS:000279733000001
ER
PT J
AU Zargar, K
Hoeft, S
Oremland, R
Saltikov, CW
AF Zargar, Kamrun
Hoeft, Shelley
Oremland, Ronald
Saltikov, Chad W.
TI Identification of a Novel Arsenite Oxidase Gene, arxA, in the
Haloalkaliphilic, Arsenite-Oxidizing Bacterium Alkalilimnicola ehrlichii
Strain MLHE-1
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESPIRATORY ARSENATE REDUCTASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MONO LAKE; OXIDATION;
ENVIRONMENTS; EXPRESSION; CHAPERONE; ENZYMES; PROTEIN; ANA-3
AB Although arsenic is highly toxic to most organisms, certain prokaryotes are known to grow on and respire toxic metalloids of arsenic (i.e., arsenate and arsenite). Two enzymes are known to be required for this arsenic-based metabolism: (i) the arsenate respiratory reductase (ArrA) and (ii) arsenite oxidase (AoxB). Both catalytic enzymes contain molybdopterin cofactors and form distinct phylogenetic clades (ArrA and AoxB) within the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) reductase family of enzymes. Here we report on the genetic identification of a "new" type of arsenite oxidase that fills a phylogenetic gap between the ArrA and AoxB clades of arsenic metabolic enzymes. This "new" arsenite oxidase is referred to as ArxA and was identified in the genome sequence of the Mono Lake isolate Alkalilimnicola ehrlichii MLHE-1, a chemolithoautotroph that can couple arsenite oxidation to nitrate reduction. A genetic system was developed for MLHE-1 and used to show that arxA (gene locus ID mlg_0216) was required for chemoautotrophic arsenite oxidation. Transcription analysis also showed that mlg_0216 was only expressed under anaerobic conditions in the presence of arsenite. The mlg_0216 gene is referred to as arxA because of its greater homology to arrA relative to aoxB and previous reports that implicated Mlg_0216 (ArxA) of MLHE-1 in reversible arsenite oxidation and arsenate reduction in vitro. Our results and past observations support the position that ArxA is a distinct clade within the DMSO reductase family of proteins. These results raise further questions about the evolutionary relationships between arsenite oxidases (AoxB) and arsenate respiratory reductases (ArrA).
C1 [Zargar, Kamrun; Saltikov, Chad W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Microbiol & Environm Toxicol Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Hoeft, Shelley; Oremland, Ronald] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Saltikov, CW (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Microbiol & Environm Toxicol Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM saltikov@ucsc.edu
NR 29
TC 47
Z9 51
U1 3
U2 33
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 192
IS 14
BP 3755
EP 3762
DI 10.1128/JB.00244-10
PG 8
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 616BR
UT WOS:000279183300021
PM 20453090
ER
PT J
AU Hickey, TD
Hine, AC
Shinn, EA
Kruse, SE
Poore, RZ
AF Hickey, Todd D.
Hine, Albert C.
Shinn, Eugene A.
Kruse, Sarah E.
Poore, Richard Z.
TI Pleistocene Carbonate Stratigraphy of South Florida: Evidence for
High-Frequency Sea-Level Cyclicity
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE South Florida chronostratigraphy; South Florida lithostratigraphy;
paleodepositional environments; carbonate accumulation; soilstone
crusts; sea-level cyclicity; Pleistocene accumulation chronology
ID KEY LARGO LIMESTONE; CORALS; REEFS; BERMUDA; GEOLOGY; OOLITES; CRUSTS;
MARGIN; ORIGIN; SHELF
AB Pleistocene carbonates of south Florida and islands of the Florida Keys are currently divided into five marine sequences designated, from oldest to youngest, the Q1-Q5 units. The units include a mosaic of freshwater and shallow marine deposits that accumulated on the Florida platform during high sea-level stands. The units are separated by regional-scale subaerial-exposure surfaces that formed during glacioeustatic lowstands. Analyses of cores recovered at Grossman Ridge Rock Reef and Joe Rae Rock Reef in the Florida Everglades reveal additional subaerial-exposure surfaces that are used to delineate subdivisions within units Q1 (Q1a-Q1b), Q2 (Q2a-Q2d), and Q4 (Q4a-Q4b). Units Q1-Q5 preserve evidence of at least 10 separate sea-level highstands, rather than 5 as indicated by previous studies.
Compilation of available uranium-series dates on corals recovered from the Florida Keys indicates that the Q4 unit accreted during sea-level maxima associated with marine oxygen-isotope Stage 9 (Q4a) and isotope Stage 7 (Q4b). The Q5 unit formed during isotope Stage 5. No reliable dates are available for units Q1-Q3. We infer that unit Q3 was formed during the extended sea-level highstand of isotope Stage 11 and that units Q2 and Q1 predate isotope Stage 11.
C1 [Hickey, Todd D.; Poore, Richard Z.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Hine, Albert C.; Shinn, Eugene A.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Kruse, Sarah E.] Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
RP Hickey, TD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 600 4th St S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM tdhickey@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Florida
FX This work was supported by the US Geological Survey, St. Petersburg
Florida. Fieldwork benefited greatly from the assistance of Christopher
Reich and Dr. Randolph Steinen. The authors are indebted to Dr. Kevin
Cunningham for providing guidance and instruction in south Florida
Quaternary lithologic interpretation. The authors recognize Barbara Lidz
and Dr. Christopher Moses for their editorial assistance.
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 16
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 4
BP 605
EP 614
DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00052.1
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 629OW
UT WOS:000280210500002
ER
PT J
AU Morton, RA
AF Morton, Robert A.
TI First-Order Controls of Extreme-Storm Impacts on the Mississippi-Alabama
Barrier-Island Chain
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Wind stress; hurricane; overwash; washover features; breach; prediction;
coastal hazards
ID ATLANTIC HURRICANE SEASON
AB Predicting the morphological impacts and associated hazards of extreme storms on barrier islands is facilitated by examining historical poststorm images and identifying the predominant alongshore and cross-shore patterns of erosion and deposition for different island segments. Morphological changes on the Mississippi-Alabama barrier-island chain produced by 12 Category 3 and stronger hurricanes since 1852 were analyzed to investigate whether barrier-island responses to extreme storms are controlled primarily by local geomorphic conditions or primarily by storm characteristics. Results of those analyses demonstrate that (1) antecedent topography and geomorphic conditions (island width, land elevations, nearshore bathymetry, subaqueous-boundary conditions) tend to exert greater control on local barrier-island impacts than storm parameters (path, intensity, wind speeds, water levels, shelf duration), and (2) types and alongshore patterns of storm overwash and island breaching are commonly repeated for the same island segments. Even when impact patterns are identical, magnitudes of sequential impacts, such as the inland distance of sediment transport, are unequal and are controlled by storm parameters (water levels, wind speeds) that influence wave heights, overwash-flow depths, and current velocities.
C1 US Geol Survey, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
RP Morton, RA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 10100 Burnet Rd,Bldg 130, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
EM rmorton@usgs.gov
NR 45
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 10
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 4
BP 635
EP 648
DI 10.2112/08-1152.1
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 629OW
UT WOS:000280210500005
ER
PT J
AU Pignatello, JJ
Katz, BG
Li, H
AF Pignatello, Joseph J.
Katz, Brian G.
Li, Hui
TI Sources, Interactions, and Ecological Impacts of Organic Contaminants in
Water, Soil, and Sediment: An Introduction to the Special Series
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Emerging Trace Contaminants in Surface and Ground Water
Generated from Waste Water and Solid Waste Application
CY OCT 05-09, 2008
CL Houston, TX
SP Amer Soc Agron, Crop Sci Soc Amer, Geol Soc Amer, Gulf Coast Assoc Geol Scientists, Houston Geol Soc
ID NATIONAL RECONNAISSANCE; VETERINARY ANTIBIOTICS; UNITED-STATES; EMERGING
CONTAMINANTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PHARMACEUTICALS; ENVIRONMENT; FATE;
MANURE; TESTOSTERONE
AB Agricultural and urban activities result in the release of a large number of organic compounds that are suspected of impacting human health and ecosystems, herbicides, insecticides, human and veterinary pharmaceuticals, natural and synthetic hormones, personal care products, surfactants, plasticizers, fire retardants, and others Sorbed reservoirs of these compounds in soil represent a potentially chronic source of water contamination. This article is an introduction to a series of technical papers stemming from a symposium at the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Sod Science Society of America 2008 Annual Meeting, which was held jointly with The Geological Society of America, The Gulf Coast Association of Geological Scientists, and the Houston Geological Society, tinder one of the Joint Meeting's overarching themes Emerging Time Contaminants in Surface and Ground Water Generated from Mute Water and Solid Waste Application. The symposium emphasized the role of soils as sources, sinks, and reaction catalysts for these contaminants and the occurrence and fine of these contaminants in surface and underground water supplies Topics covered included novel advances in analytical techniques, transport of infectious agents, occurrence and fate of veterinary pharmaceuticals, characterization of sorption mechanism, biotic and abiotic transformation reactions, the role of soil components, occurrence and fate in wastewater treatment systems, transport of engineered nanoparticles, groundwater contamination resulting from urban runoff, and Issues in water reuse. Overviews of the reports, trends, gaps in our knowledge, and topics for further research are presented in this special series of papers The technical papers in this special series reflect current gains in knowledge and simultaneously underscore how poorly we arc able to predict the fate and, hence, the associated risk to ecological and human receptors of these contaminants
C1 [Pignatello, Joseph J.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, New Haven, CT 06504 USA.
[Katz, Brian G.] US Geol Survey, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA.
[Li, Hui] Michigan State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Pignatello, JJ (reprint author), Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, 123 Huntington St,POB 1106, New Haven, CT 06504 USA.
RI Li, Hui/G-4055-2010
OI Li, Hui/0000-0003-3298-5265
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 41
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 4
BP 1133
EP 1138
DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0099
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 620QK
UT WOS:000279514200001
PM 20830899
ER
PT J
AU Rosen, MR
Alvarez, DA
Goodbred, SL
Leiker, TJ
Patino, R
AF Rosen, Michael R.
Alvarez, David A.
Goodbred, Steven L.
Leiker, Thomas J.
Patino, Reynaldo
TI Sources and Distribution of Organic Compounds Using Passive Samplers in
Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Nevada and Arizona, and Their
Implications for Potential Effects on Aquatic Biota
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Emerging Trace Contaminants in Surface and Ground Water
Generated from Waste Water and Solid Waste Application
CY OCT 05-09, 2008
CL Houston, TX
SP Amer Soc Agron, Crop Sci Soc Amer, Geol Soc Amer, Gulf Coast Assoc Geol Scientists, Houston Geol Soc
ID SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; CARP CYPRINUS-CARPIO; LAS-VEGAS WASH;
COMMON CARP; IN-SITU; WATER; CONTAMINANTS; FISH; IDENTIFICATION;
CHEMICALS
AB The delineation of lateral and vertical gradients of organic contaminants in lakes is hampered by low concentrations and nondetection of many organic compounds in water Passive samplers (semipermeable membrane devices [SPMDs] and polar organic chemical integrative samplers [POCIS]) are well suited for assessing gradients because they can detect synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) at pg L(-1) concentrations Semi-permeable membrane devices and POCIS were deployed in Lake Mead, at two sites in Las Vegas Wash, at four sites across Lake Mead, and in the Colorado River downstream from Hoover Dam Concentrations of hydrophobic SOCs were highest in Las Vegas Wash downstream from waste water and urban inputs and at 8 m depth in Las Vegas Bay (LVB) where Las Vegas Wash enters Lake Mead The distribution of hydrophobic SOCs showed a lateral distribution across 10 km of Lake Mead from LVB to Boulder Basin. To assess possible vertical gradients of SOCs, SPMDs were deployed at 4-m intervals in 18 m of water in LVB Fragrances and legacy SOCs were found at the greatest concentrations at the deepest depth The vertical gradient of SOCs indicated that contaminants were generally confined to within 6 m of the lake bottom during the deployment interval The high SOC concentrations, warmer water temperatures, and higher total dissolved solids concentrations at depth are indicative of a plume of Las Vegas Wash water moving along the lake bottom. The lateral and vertical distribution of SOCs is discussed in the context of other studies that have shown impaired health of fish exposed to SOCs
C1 [Rosen, Michael R.] US Geol Survey, Nevada Water Sci Ctr, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
[Alvarez, David A.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Goodbred, Steven L.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Leiker, Thomas J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Rosen, MR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Nevada Water Sci Ctr, 2730 N Deer Run Rd, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
RI Rosen, Michael/D-6091-2015
NR 39
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 4
BP 1161
EP 1172
DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0095
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 620QK
UT WOS:000279514200005
PM 20830903
ER
PT J
AU Dougherty, JA
Swarzenski, PW
Dinicola, RS
Reinhard, M
AF Dougherty, Jennifer A.
Swarzenski, Peter W.
Dinicola, Richard S.
Reinhard, Martin
TI Occurrence of Herbicides and Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products
in Surface Water and Groundwater around Liberty Bay, Puget Sound,
Washington
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Emerging Trace Contaminants in Surface and Ground Water
Generated from Waste Water and Solid Waste Application
CY OCT 05-09, 2008
CL Houston, TX
SP Amer Soc Agron, Crop Sci Soc Amer, Geol Soc Amer, Gulf Coast Assoc Geol Scientists, Houston Geol Soc
ID WASTE-WATER; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS; ETHOXYLATE
METABOLITES; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS; INTEGRATIVE SAMPLERS;
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SEPTIC SYSTEM; RIVER WATER; FATE
AB Organic contaminants, such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), pose a risk to water quality and the health. of ecosystems This study was designed to determine if a coastal community lacking point sources. such as waste water treatment plant effluent, could release PPCPs. herbicides, and plasticizers at detectable levels to their surface water and groundwater Research was conducted in Liberty Bay, an embayment within Puget Sound, where 70% of the population (-10.000) uses septic systems Sampling included collection of groundwater and surface water with grab samples and the use of polar organic. chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) We analyzed lot a broad spectrum of 25 commonly used compounds, including PPCPs, herbicides, and a flame retardant. Twelve contaminants were detected at least once, only N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, caffeine, and mecoprop. a herbicide not attributed to septic systems, were detected in more than one grab sample. The use of POCIS was essential because contaminants were present at very low levels (nanograms), which is common for PPCPs in general, but particularly so in such a small community The use of POCIS allowed the detection of five compounds that were nor present in grab samples Data suggest that the community is contaminating local water with PPCPs, this effect is likely to increase as the population and product usage increase The results presented here are a first step toward assessing the transport of herbicides and PPCPs into this coastal system
C1 [Dougherty, Jennifer A.; Reinhard, Martin] Stanford Univ, Dep Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Swarzenski, Peter W.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Dinicola, Richard S.] US Geol Survey, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
RP Dougherty, JA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dep Civil & Environm Engn, Yang & Yamasaki Environm & Energy Bldg,473 Via Or, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
NR 43
TC 35
Z9 38
U1 3
U2 64
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 4
BP 1173
EP 1180
DI 10.2134/jeq.2009.0189
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 620QK
UT WOS:000279514200006
PM 20830904
ER
PT J
AU Katz, BG
Griffin, DW
McMahon, PB
Harden, HS
Wade, E
Hicks, RW
Chanton, JP
AF Katz, Brian G.
Griffin, Dale W.
McMahon, Peter B.
Harden, Harmon S.
Wade, Edgar
Hicks, Richard W.
Chanton, Jeffrey P.
TI Fate of Effluent-Borne Contaminants beneath Septic Tank Drainfields
Overlying a Karst Aquifer
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Emerging Trace Contaminants in Surface and Ground Water
Generated from Waste Water and Solid Waste Application
CY OCT 05-09, 2008
CL Houston, TX
SP Amer Soc Agron, Crop Sci Soc Amer, Geol Soc Amer, Gulf Coast Assoc Geol Scientists, Houston Geol Soc
ID WASTE-WATER CONTAMINANTS; IN-GROUND WATER; UNITED-STATES;
MICROBIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; NATIONAL RECONNAISSANCE; NITRATE
CONTAMINATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LAND APPLICATION; SYSTEM PLUME;
FRESH-WATER
AB Groundwater quality effects from septic ranks were investigated in the Woodville Karst Plain, an area that contains numerous sinkholes and a thin veneer of sands and clays overlying the Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA) Concerns have emerged about elevated nitrate concentrations in the UFA, which is the source of water supply in this area of northern Florida At three sites during dry and wet periods in 2007-2008, water samples were collected from the septic tank, shallow and deep lysimeters, and drainfield and background wells in the UFA and analyzed for in chemical indicators including nutrients. nitrate isotopes, organic wastewater compounds (OWCs), pharmaceutical compounds, and microbiological indicators (bacteria and viruses) Median NO(3)-N concentration in groundwater beneath the septic tank drainfields was 20 mg L(-1) (8 0-26 mg L(-1)) After adjusting for dilution, about 25 to 40% N loss (from dentrification, ammonium sorption, and ammonia volatilization) occurs as septic tank effluent moves through the unsaturated zone to the water table Nitrogen loading rates to groundwater were highly variable at each site (3 9-12 kg N yr(-1)), as were N and chloride depth profiles in the unsaturated zone Most OWCs and pharmaceutical compounds were highly attenuated beneath the drainfields: however, five OWCs (caffeine, 1,7-dimethylxanthine, phenol, galaxolide, and tris(dichloroisotopropyl)phosphare) and two pharmaceutical compounds (acetaminophen and sulfamethoxazole) were detected in groundwater samples Indicator bacteria and human enteric viruses were detected in septic tank effluent samples but only intermittently in soil water and groundwater Contaminant movement to groundwater beneath each septic tank system also was related to water use and differences in lithology at each site.
C1 [Katz, Brian G.; Griffin, Dale W.] US Geol Survey, Florida Water Sci Ctr, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA.
[McMahon, Peter B.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Sci Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Harden, Harmon S.; Chanton, Jeffrey P.] Florida State Univ, Dept Oceanog, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Wade, Edgar; Hicks, Richard W.] Florida Dept Environm Protect, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA.
RP Katz, BG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Florida Water Sci Ctr, 2639 N Monroe St, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA.
NR 72
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 36
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 4
BP 1181
EP 1195
DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0244
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 620QK
UT WOS:000279514200007
PM 20830905
ER
PT J
AU Jastram, JD
Zipper, CE
Zelazny, LW
Hyer, KE
AF Jastram, John D.
Zipper, Carl E.
Zelazny, Lucian W.
Hyer, Kenneth E.
TI Increasing Precision of Turbidity-Based Suspended Sediment Concentration
and Load Estimates
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID STREAMS; SOLIDS
AB Turbidity is an effective tool for estimating and monitoring suspended sediments in aquatic systems Turbidity can be measured in situ remotely and at line temporal scales as a surrogate for suspended sediment concentration (SSC), I providing opportunity for a more complete record of SSC than is possible with physical sampling approaches. However, there is variability in turbidity-based SSC estimates and in sediment loadings calculated from those estimates This study investigated the potential to improve turbidity-based SSC, and by extension the resulting sediment loading estimates, by Incorporating hydrologic variables that can be monitored remotely and continuously (typically 15-min intervals) into the SSC estimation procedure. On the Roanoke River in southwestern Virginia, hydrologic stage, turbidity, and other water-quality parameters were monitored with in situ instrumentation; suspended sediments were sampled manually during elevated turbidity events, samples were analyzed for SSC and physical properties including particle-size distribution and organic C content; and rainfall was quantified by geologic source area The study identified physical properties of the suspended-sediment samples that contribute to SSC estimation variance and hydrologic variables that explained variability of those physical properties Results indicated that the inclusion of any of the measured physical properties in turbidity-based SSC estimation models reduces unexplained variance. Further, the use of hydrologic variables to represent these physical properties, along with turbidity, resulted in a model, relying solely on data collected remotely and continuously, that estimated SSC with less variance than a conventional turbidity-based univariate model, allowing a mote precise estimate of sediment loading Modeling results are consistent with known mechanisms governing sediment transport in hydrologic systems
C1 [Zipper, Carl E.; Zelazny, Lucian W.] Virginia Polytech & State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Jastram, John D.; Hyer, Kenneth E.] US Geol Survey, Virginia Water Sci Ctr, Richmond, VA 23228 USA.
RP Zipper, CE (reprint author), Virginia Polytech & State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
OI Jastram, John/0000-0002-9416-3358
FU US Army Corps of Engineers Wilmington District
FX The authors express their appreciation to Paul Jendrowski, National
Weather Service, Blacksburg VA, for providing sub-watershed rainfall
estimates, to Patricia Donovan, Virginia Polytechnic and State
University Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, for help
with GIS procedures; to Dr Steven Phillips and personnel at Virginia
Polytechnic and State University Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and
Extension Center for running the organic carbon analyses, and to the US
Army Corps of Engineers Wilmington District for funding the data
collection that formed the basis for this research Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U S. Government
NR 42
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 4
BP 1306
EP 1316
DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0280
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 620QK
UT WOS:000279514200021
PM 20830919
ER
PT J
AU Nigro, J
Toll, D
Partington, E
Ni-Meister, W
Lee, S
Gutierrez-Magness, A
Engman, T
Arsenault, K
AF Nigro, Joseph
Toll, David
Partington, Ed
Ni-Meister, Wenge
Lee, Shihyan
Gutierrez-Magness, Angelica
Engman, Ted
Arsenault, Kristi
TI NASA-Modified Precipitation Products to Improve USEPA Nonpoint Source
Water Quality Modeling for the Chesapeake Bay
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEM; HSPF
AB The USEPA has estimated that over 20,000 water bodies within the United States do nor meet water quality standards One of the regulations in the Clean Water Act of 1972 requires states to monitor die total maximum daily load, or the amount of pollution that can be carried by a water body before it is determined to be "polluted," for any watershed in the United States (Copeland. 2005) In response to this mandate, the USEPA developed Better Assessment Science Integrating Nonpoint Sources (BASINS) as a decision support tool for assessing pollution and to guide the decision-making process for improving water quality One of the models in BASINS, the Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran (HSPF). computes continuous streamflow rates and pollutant concentration at each basin outlet By design. precipitation and other meteorological clam from weather stations serve as standard model input In practice, these stations may be unable to capture the spatial heterogeneity of precipitation events, especially if they are few and far between An attempt was made to resolve this issue by substituting station data with NASA-modified/NOAA precipitation data Using these data within HSPF, streamflow was calculated for seven watersheds in the Chesapeake Bay Basin during low flow periods, convective storm periods, and annual flows In almost every case, the modeling performance of HSPF increased when using the NASA-modified precipitation data, resulting in better streamflow statistics and, potentially, in improved water quality assessment
C1 [Nigro, Joseph] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
[Nigro, Joseph; Toll, David; Engman, Ted] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Partington, Ed] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Ni-Meister, Wenge; Lee, Shihyan] CUNY, Hunter Coll, Dep Geog, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Gutierrez-Magness, Angelica] US Geol Survey, Maryland Delaware DC Water Sci Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
[Gutierrez-Magness, Angelica] Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
[Arsenault, Kristi] Ctr Res Environm & Water, Calverton, MD 20705 USA.
RP Nigro, J (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd,Suite 600, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 4
BP 1388
EP 1401
DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0161
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 620QK
UT WOS:000279514200029
PM 20830927
ER
PT J
AU Thorn, KA
Younger, SJ
Cox, LG
AF Thorn, Kevin A.
Younger, Steven J.
Cox, Larry G.
TI Order of Functionality Loss during Photodegradation of Aquatic Humic
Substances
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; PHOTOCHEMICAL
DEGRADATION; NATURAL-WATERS; COASTAL RIVER; CARBON; IRRADIATION; UV;
PHOTOPRODUCTION; REACTIVITY
AB The time course photodegradation of the Nordic aquatic fulvic and humic acids and Suwannee River XAD-4 acids subjected to UV Irradiation with an unfiltered medium pressure mercury lamp was studied by liquid-state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance Photodecarboxylation was a significant pathway in all cases Decreases in ketone, aromatic, and O-alkyl carbons were observed throughout the course of the irradiations, whereas C-alkyl carbons resisted photodegradation Peaks attributable to the low-molecular-weight photodegradation products bicarbonate, formate, acetate, and succinate grew in intensity with irradiation time. The final products of the irradiations were decarboxylated, hydrophobic, predominantly C-alkyl and O-alkyl materials that were resistant to further photodegradation The total amount of carbon susceptible to loss appeared to be related mainly to the total concentration of carbonyl and aromatic carbons and partly to the concentration of O-alkyl carbons in the fulvic, humic, and XAD-4 acids The carbon losses for Nordic fulvic, Nordic Humic, Suwannee fulvic, and Suwannee XAD-4 acids were estimated to be 75, 63, 56, and 17%, respectively More detailed analyses of the effects of irradiation on the carbonyl functionality in Nordic humic acid and Laurentian soil fulvic acid through reaction with hydroxylamine in conjunction with (15)N nuclear magnetic resonance analysis confirmed preferential photodegradation of the quinone/hydroquinone functionality over ketone groups and the loss of ester groups in Laurentian fulvic acid
C1 [Thorn, Kevin A.; Younger, Steven J.; Cox, Larry G.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Thorn, KA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 408, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
NR 39
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 22
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 4
BP 1416
EP 1428
DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0408
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 620QK
UT WOS:000279514200031
PM 20830929
ER
PT J
AU Park, JW
Moon, CH
Wargo, AR
Purcell, MK
Kurath, G
AF Park, J. W.
Moon, C. H.
Wargo, A. R.
Purcell, M. K.
Kurath, G.
TI Differential growth of U and M type infectious haematopoietic necrosis
virus in a rainbow trout-derived cell line, RTG-2
SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE differential growth; genogroup; IHNV; infectious hematopoietic necrosis
virus; RTG-2; virus host specificity
ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; SOCKEYE-SALMON; VIRULENCE MECHANISMS;
NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN; ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA; GLYCOPROTEIN GENE; FISH
RHABDOVIRUS; RNA-SYNTHESIS; REPLICATION; GENOME
AB Infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is one of the most important viral pathogens of salmonids. In rainbow trout, IHNV isolates in the M genogroup are highly pathogenic, while U genogroup isolates are significantly less pathogenic. We show here that, at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1, a representative U type strain yielded 42-fold less infectious virus than an M type strain in the rainbow trout-derived RTG-2 cell line at 24 h post-infection (p.i.). However, at an MOI of 10, there was only fivefold difference in the yield of infectious virus between the U and M strains. Quantification of extracellular viral genomic RNA suggested that the number of virus particles released from cells infected with the U strain at a MOI of 1 was 47-fold lower than from M-infected cells, but U and M virions were equally infectious by particle to infectivity ratios. At an MOI of 1, U strain intracellular viral genome accumulation and transcription were 37- and 12-fold lower, respectively, than those of the M strain at 24 h p.i. Viral nucleocapsid (N) protein accumulation in U strain infections was fivefold lower than in M strain infections. These results suggest that the block in U type strain growth in RTG-2 cells was because of the effects of reduced genome replication and transcription. The reduced growth of the U strain does not seem to be caused by defective genes, because the U and M strains grew equally well in the permissive epithelioma papulosum cyprini cell line at an MOI of 1. This suggests that host-specific factors in RTG-2 cells control the growth of the IHNV U and M strains differently, leading to growth restriction of the U type virus during the RNA synthesis step.
C1 [Park, J. W.; Moon, C. H.; Wargo, A. R.; Purcell, M. K.; Kurath, G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Park, J. W.] Univ Ulsan, Dept Biol Sci, Ulsan 680749, South Korea.
[Wargo, A. R.] Univ Washington, Pathobiol Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Kurath, G (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM gkurath@usgs.gov
RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010;
OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X; Purcell,
Maureen/0000-0003-0154-8433
FU Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) [2009-0060042]; Korean
government(MEST); U. S. Geological Survey; National Research Initiative
of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service
[2006-35204-17393]
FX The authors thank Dr John D. Hansen for assistance with the western
blotting analyses and Dr Jim Winton for helpful discussions on
experimental design. JW Park was supported by a Korea Science and
Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant (code: 2009-0060042) funded by the
Korean government(MEST), and the project was also supported by the U. S.
Geological Survey and the National Research Initiative of the USDA
Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant
number 2006-35204-17393. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in
this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader.
Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the
U. S. Department of Interior or the U. S. Geological Survey of any
product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable.
NR 34
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0140-7775
J9 J FISH DIS
JI J. Fish Dis.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 7
BP 583
EP 591
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01153.x
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 608XV
UT WOS:000278620200005
PM 20367739
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, RS
Starratt, S
Jass, RMB
Pinter, N
AF Anderson, R. Scott
Starratt, Scott
Jass, Renata M. Brunner
Pinter, Nicholas
TI Fire and vegetation history on Santa Rosa Island, Channel Islands, and
long-term environmental change in southern California
SO JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE palaeoecology; fire history; Channel Islands; pollen analysis;
California
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; RADIOCARBON AGE; EARLY-HOLOCENE; BARBARA BASIN; TULARE
LAKE; RECORD; VARIABILITY; POLLEN; PALEOECOLOGY; OSCILLATION
AB The long-term history of vegetation and fire was investigated at two locations - Soledad Pond (275 m; from ca. 12 000 cal. a BP) and Abalone Rocks Marsh (0 m; from ca. 7000 cal. a BP) on Santa Rosa Island, situated off the coast of southern California. A coastal conifer forest covered highlands of Santa Rosa during the last glacial, but by ca. 11 800 cal. a BP Pinus stands, coastal sage scrub and grassland replaced the forest as the climate warmed. The early Holocene became increasingly drier, particularly after ca. 9150 cal. a BP, as the pond dried frequently, and coastal sage scrub covered the nearby hillslopes. By ca. 6900 cal. a BP grasslands recovered at both sites. Pollen of wetland plants became prominent at Soledad Pond after ca. 4500 cal. a BP, and at Abalone Rocks Marsh after ca. 3465 cal. a BP. Diatoms suggest freshening of the Abalone Rocks Marsh somewhat later, probably by additional runoff from the highlands. Introduction of non-native species by ranchers occurred subsequent to AD 1850. Charcoal influx is high early in the record, but declines during the early Holocene when minimal biomass suggests extended drought. A general increase occurs after ca. 7000 cal. a BP, and especially after ca. 4500 cal. a BP. The Holocene pattern closely resembles population levels constructed from the archaeological record, and suggests a potential influence by humans on the fire regime of the islands, particularly during the late Holocene. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Anderson, R. Scott] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Starratt, Scott] US Geol Survey, Volcan Hazards Team, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Pinter, Nicholas] So Illinois Univ, Dept Geol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
RP Anderson, RS (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Box 5694, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM scott.anderson@nau.edu
FU NPS [1443CA8000-8-0002]
FX We thank Dr Jan Van Wagtendonk (USGS) for bringing the opportunity to
conduct fire and vegetation history on the Channel Islands to our
attention; Kate Faulkner (NPS) and Kathryn McEachern (NPS) for
assistance with logistics and paperwork; Sarah Chaney (NPS) for showing
us around Santa Rosa Island, for local logistical assistance, for help
in obtaining the Soledad Pond profile and for identifying plants around
Soledad Pond; Mitch Power (University of Utah) (Soledad Pond and Abalone
Rocks Marsh) and Michael Cleirigh (NPS) (Abalone Rocks Marsh) for help
in the field; Dr Harry Alden (Smithsonian Institution) for macrofossil
identification; Amy Kelly (NAU) for laboratory assistance; Susan Smith,
Douglas Hallett and Victor Leshyk (all NAU) for help with computer
analysis and diagram construction; and Mary McGann, John Barron, Douglas
Kennett and an anonymous reviewer for thoughtful reviews. This research
was supported by Cooperative Agreement 1443CA8000-8-0002 to RSA from the
NPS. Much of this manuscript was written while RSA was on sabbatical at
the Universidad de Granada (Espana), Departamento de Estratigrafia y
Paleontologia. LOP Contribution # 113.
NR 96
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 20
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0267-8179
J9 J QUATERNARY SCI
JI J. Quat. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 5
BP 782
EP 797
DI 10.1002/jqs.1358
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Geology; Paleontology
GA 632SL
UT WOS:000280448000015
ER
PT J
AU Li, LL
Victoria, JG
Wang, CL
Jones, M
Fellers, GM
Kunz, TH
Delwart, E
AF Li, Linlin
Victoria, Joseph G.
Wang, Chunlin
Jones, Morris
Fellers, Gary M.
Kunz, Thomas H.
Delwart, Eric
TI Bat Guano Virome: Predominance of Dietary Viruses from Insects and
Plants plus Novel Mammalian Viruses
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BEE PARALYSIS VIRUS; COMPLETE GENOME; ADENOASSOCIATED VIRUSES; DIVERSE
ASTROVIRUSES; METAGENOMIC ANALYSES; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; EMERGING
VIRUSES; DNA VIRUSES; HUMAN STOOL; RESERVOIR
AB Bats are hosts to a variety of viruses capable of zoonotic transmissions. Because of increased contact between bats, humans, and other animal species, the possibility exists for further cross-species transmissions and ensuing disease outbreaks. We describe here full and partial viral genomes identified using metagenomics in the guano of bats from California and Texas. A total of 34% and 58% of 390,000 sequence reads from bat guano in California and Texas, respectively, were related to eukaryotic viruses, and the largest proportion of those infect insects, reflecting the diet of these insectivorous bats, including members of the viral families Dicistroviridae, Iflaviridae, Tetraviridae, and Nodaviridae and the subfamily Densovirinae. The second largest proportion of virus-related sequences infects plants and fungi, likely reflecting the diet of ingested insects, including members of the viral families Luteoviridae, Secoviridae, Tymoviridae, and Partitiviridae and the genus Sobemovirus. Bat guano viruses related to those infecting mammals comprised the third largest group, including members of the viral families Parvoviridae, Circoviridae, Picornaviridae, Adenoviridae, Poxviridae, Astroviridae, and Coronaviridae. No close relative of known human viral pathogens was identified in these bat populations. Phylogenetic analysis was used to clarify the relationship to known viral taxa of novel sequences detected in bat guano samples, showing that some guano viral sequences fall outside existing taxonomic groups. This initial characterization of the bat guano virome, the first metagenomic analysis of viruses in wild mammals using second-generation sequencing, therefore showed the presence of previously unidentified viral species, genera, and possibly families. Viral metagenomics is a useful tool for genetically characterizing viruses present in animals with the known capability of direct or indirect viral zoonosis to humans.
C1 [Li, Linlin; Victoria, Joseph G.; Delwart, Eric] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
[Li, Linlin; Victoria, Joseph G.; Delwart, Eric] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Wang, Chunlin] Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Stanford, CA USA.
[Jones, Morris] David Grant USAF Med Ctr, Clin Investigat Facil, Travis AFB, CA USA.
[Fellers, Gary M.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Point Reyes Stn, CA USA.
[Kunz, Thomas H.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Ecol & Conservat Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Delwart, E (reprint author), Blood Syst Res Inst, 270 Masonic Ave, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
EM delwarte@medicine.ucsf.edu
RI Li, Linlin/E-3335-2010;
OI Delwart, Eric/0000-0002-6296-4484
FU NHLBI [R01HL083254]; BSRI; Boston University's Center for Ecology and
Conservation Biology
FX We acknowledge NHLBI grant R01HL083254 and BSRI for sustained support to
E. L. D. and support from Boston University's Center for Ecology and
Conservation Biology to T. H. K.
NR 67
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U1 4
U2 29
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0022-538X
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 84
IS 14
BP 6955
EP 6965
DI 10.1128/JVI.00501-10
PG 11
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 612WF
UT WOS:000278935700006
PM 20463061
ER
PT J
AU Dusek, RJ
Iko, WM
Hofmeister, EK
AF Dusek, Robert J.
Iko, William M.
Hofmeister, Erik K.
TI OCCURRENCE OF WEST NILE VIRUS INFECTION IN RAPTORS AT THE SALTON SEA,
CALIFORNIA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE American Kestrel; Athene cunicularia; Burrowing Owl; Falco sparverius;
Salton Sea; West Nile virus
ID HUMORAL IMMUNITY; ANTIBODIES; PREVALENCE; MORTALITY; KESTRELS; RESIDENT;
HAWKS; OWLS
AB We investigated the prevalence of West Nile virus (WNV)-neutralizing antibodies and infectious virus, and the occurrence of overwinter transmission in two raptor species during January and March 2006 at the Salton Sea, Imperial County, California We captured 208 American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) (January, n=100, March, n=108) and 116 Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia) (January, n=52, March, n=64) Laboratory analysis revealed that 83% of American Kestrels and 31% of Burrowing Owls were positive for WNV-neutralizing antibodies Additionally, two seroconversions were detected in Burrowing Owls between January, and March Infectious WNV, consistent with acute infection, was not detected in any bird.
C1 [Dusek, Robert J.; Hofmeister, Erik K.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Iko, William M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Dusek, RJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
OI Dusek, Robert/0000-0001-6177-7479
FU Sonny Bono Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge; USGS Salton Sea Science
Office
FX We thank the staff at the Sonny Bono Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge
for their logistical assistance and support of this work We also thank M
Lund, A Moeser. and L Clark for laboratory analysis of samples We are
grateful to D Rosenberg for providing knowledge of Burrowing Owls in our
study area Hall and D LaPointe provided helpful comments on earlier
versions of this manuscript This project was funded by the Sonny Bono
Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge and the USGS Salton Sea Science
Office Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 39
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U1 0
U2 13
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 3
BP 889
EP 895
PG 7
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 635XE
UT WOS:000280690400021
PM 20688694
ER
PT J
AU Brown, JD
Luttrell, MP
Berghaus, RD
Kistler, W
Keeler, SP
Howey, A
Wilcox, B
Hall, J
Niles, L
Dey, A
Knutsen, G
Fritz, K
Stallknecht, DE
AF Brown, Justin D.
Luttrell, M. Page
Berghaus, Roy D.
Kistler, Whitney
Keeler, Shamus P.
Howey, Andrea
Wilcox, Benjamin
Hall, Jeffrey
Niles, Larry
Dey, Amanda
Knutsen, Gregory
Fritz, Kristin
Stallknecht, David E.
TI PREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES TO TYPE A INFLUENZA VIRUS IN WILD AVIAN SPECIES
USING TWO SEROLOGIC ASSAYS
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE AGID; antibodies; avian influenza virus; blocking; enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay; serology; wild birds
ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; BIRDS
AB Serologic testing to detect antibodies to avian influenza (AI) virus has been an underused tool for the study of these viruses in wild bird populations, which traditionally has relied on virus isolation and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) In a preliminary study, a recently developed commercial blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA) had sensitivity and specificity estimates of and 100%, respectively, for detection of antibodies to AI virus in multiple wild bird species after experimental infection To further evaluate the efficacy of this commercial bELISA and the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test for AI virus antibody detection in wild birds, we tested 2,249 serum samples collected from 62 wild bird species, representing 10 taxonomic orders Overall, the bELISA detected 25 4% positive samples, whereas the AGID test detected 14 8% At the species level, the bELISA detected as many or more positive serum samples flew the AGID in all 62 avian species The majority of positive samples, detected by both assays, were from species that use aquatic habitats, with the highest prevalence from species in the orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes Conversely, antibodies to AI virus were rarely detected in the terrestrial species The serologic data yielded by both assays are consistent with the known epidemiology of AI virus in wild birds and published reports of host range based on virus isolation and RT-PCR The results of this research are also consistent with the aforementioned study, which evaluated the performance of the bELISA and AGID test on experimental samples Collectively, the data from these two studies indicate that the bELISA is a more sensitive serologic assay than the AGID test for detecting prior exposure to AI virus in wild birds Based on these results, the bELISA is a reliable species-independent assay with potentially valuable applications for wild bird AI surveillance.
C1 [Brown, Justin D.; Luttrell, M. Page; Berghaus, Roy D.; Kistler, Whitney; Keeler, Shamus P.; Howey, Andrea; Wilcox, Benjamin; Stallknecht, David E.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Kistler, Whitney; Wilcox, Benjamin] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Hall, Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Niles, Larry] Conserve Wildlife Fdn New Jersey, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA.
[Dey, Amanda] New Jersey Div Fish & Wildlife, Endangered & Nongame Species Program, Assunpink Wildlife Management Area, Robbinsville, NJ 08691 USA.
[Knutsen, Gregory; Fritz, Kristin] Agassiz Natl Wildlife Refuge, Middle River, MN 56737 USA.
RP Brown, JD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RI Keeler, Shamus/A-3237-2013;
OI Hall, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5599-2826
FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National
Institutes of Health (NIH); Department of Health and Human Services
[HHSN266200700007C]; Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory
[58-6612-2-0220]; Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study
[58-6612-2-0220]
FX We thank T Costa, C Lebercheron, A Maxted, S McCraw, J Parrish, J
Slusher, J TeSlaa, S Nashold, J Siembieda, J Burco, and H Wilson for
assistance in collecting and testing serum samples Funding for this work
was provided by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and
Human Services, under contract HHSN266200700007C and Agricultural
Research Service Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-6612-2-0220 between
the Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory and the Southeastern
Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study Its contents are solely the
responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
official views of the NIH This work was additionally supported by IDEXX,
which generously provided the bELISA test kits.
NR 21
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U1 1
U2 6
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 3
BP 896
EP 911
PG 16
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 635XE
UT WOS:000280690400022
PM 20688695
ER
PT J
AU Sleeman, JM
Cristol, DA
White, AE
Evers, DC
Gerhold, RW
Keel, MK
AF Sleeman, Jonathan M.
Cristol, Daniel A.
White, Ariel E.
Evers, David C.
Gerhold, R. W.
Keel, Michael K.
TI Mercury Poisoning in a Free-Living Northern River Otter (Lontra
canadensis)
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Lontra canadensis; mercury poisoning; northern river otter; Virginia
ID COMMON LOONS; NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO; MINK; METHYLMERCURY; AGE; EXPOSURE;
HEALTH; LUTRA; SEX
AB A moribund 5-year-old female northern river otter (Lontra canadensis) was found on the bank of a river known to be extensively contaminated with mercury It exhibited severe ataxia and scleral injection, made no attempt to flee, and died shortly thereafter of drowning Tissue mercury levels were among the highest ever reported for a free-living terrestrial in kidney, 353 mu g/g, liver, 221 mu g/g, muscle, 121 mu g/g, brain (three replicates from cerebellum), 142, 151, 151 mu g/g (all dry weights), and fur, 183 mu g/g (fresh weight) Histopathologic findings including severe, diffuse, chronic glomerulosclerosis and moderate interstitial fibrosis were the presumptive cause of clinical signs and death This is one of a few reports to document the death of a free-living mammal from presumed mercury, poisoning
C1 [Cristol, Daniel A.; White, Ariel E.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Biol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
[Evers, David C.] BioDivers Res Inst, Gorham, ME 04038 USA.
[Gerhold, R. W.; Keel, Michael K.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Sleeman, Jonathan M.] Virginia Dept Game & Inland Fisheries, Richmond, VA 23230 USA.
RP Sleeman, JM (reprint author), USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RI Piper, Walter/B-7908-2009
NR 24
TC 11
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U1 1
U2 12
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 3
BP 1035
EP 1039
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 635XE
UT WOS:000280690400046
PM 20688719
ER
PT J
AU Ball, LC
Doherty, PF
Ostermann-Kelm, SD
McDonald, MW
AF Ball, Lianne C.
Doherty, Paul F., Jr.
Ostermann-Kelm, Stacey D.
McDonald, Matthew W.
TI Effects of Rain on Palm Springs Ground Squirrel Occupancy in the Sonoran
Desert
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE California; Coachella Valley; extinction; habitat conservation plan;
habitat model; mesquite; occupancy; Palm Springs ground squirrel; rain;
Spermophilus
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; SPERMOPHILUS-MOHAVENSIS; POPULATION;
DEMOGRAPHY; MOVEMENTS; IDAHO; MODEL
AB Long-term monitoring programs must use informative yet cost-effective methods. Occupancy estimates that incorporate detection probabilities are used with increasing frequency to describe species status and make management recommendations. Estimating changes in the occupancy of points over time in response to management actions or environmental changes may be especially useful for management of the Palm Springs round-tailed ground squirrel (Spermophilus tereticaudus chlorus), a subspecies covered under the Coachella Valley Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan and Natural Community Conservation Plan. In 2002 and 2003, we estimated occupancy and detection probability of ground squirrels across lands modeled as ground squirrel habitat by the Scientific Advisory Committee for the Habitat Conservation Plan and tested a priori hypotheses about how occupancy varied among vegetation and substrate types. In the 2003 study, we asked whether these associations were affected by winter rains after the 2002 drought year. Occupancy in 2003 was estimated at 0.99 (SE = 0.01) in Western honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) on dunes and hummocks, and occupancy of the remaining modeled habitat was best described by distance to mesquite, with the occupancy probability decreasing with increasing distance from mesquite on dunes or hummocks. The best-supported model in 2002 described the distribution of ground squirrels as a function of only vegetation and substrate type. However, the best-supported models in 2003 suggested that distance to mesquite was a component of the occupancy of non-mesquite vegetation. Mesquite seems to provide high-quality habitat that can support ground squirrels at high occupancy probabilities that may breed successfully every year. In contrast, other vegetation types provide low-quality habitat that can only support ground squirrels at low occupancy probabilities that may only breed occasionally. Mesquite could be an essential refugium during drought years, and the 4 best-supported models in 2003 suggest that restoration of mesquite beginning near currently occupied mesquite patches could be critical for maintaining ground squirrel populations on the preserves.
C1 [Ball, Lianne C.; Ostermann-Kelm, Stacey D.; McDonald, Matthew W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Carlsbad, CA 92011 USA.
[Doherty, Paul F., Jr.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Ball, LC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Rd,MS 301, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM lball@usgs.gov
FU USFWS Carlsbad; California Field Office
FX This was a project funded and supported by the USFWS Carlsbad,
California Field Office, and we thank J. Bartel, A. Yuen, P. Sorensen,
and S. Wynn. We thank A. Chavez, K. Clark, J. DiGregoria, E. Konno, T.
McKinney, G Hazard, C. Roberts, and C. Otahal for field assistance; W.
Nuckols for library resources; and M. Daniels, S. Love, T. McKinney, L.
Roberts, and E. Turner for GIS support. We thank the Bureau of Land
Management-Palm Springs, California Office, Coachella Valley Water
District, Friends of the Desert Mountains, K. Barrows (Coachella Valley
Mountains Conservancy), and the USFWS Coachella Valley National Wildlife
Refuge staff for their cooperation. We thank M. Runge, C. Roberts, J.
Avery, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments.
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U1 3
U2 12
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 5
BP 954
EP 962
DI 10.2193/2008-568
PG 9
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 617OQ
UT WOS:000279290700008
ER
PT J
AU Ausband, DE
Mitchell, MS
Doherty, K
Zager, P
Mack, CM
Holyan, J
AF Ausband, David E.
Mitchell, Michael S.
Doherty, Kevin
Zager, Peter
Mack, Curt M.
Holyan, Jim
TI Surveying Predicted Rendezvous Sites to Monitor Gray Wolf Populations
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Canis lupus; gray wolf; monitoring; northern Rocky Mountains; rendezvous
site; resource selection function; stratification
ID RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; TIMBER WOLVES; CANIS-LUPUS; HABITAT;
MOVEMENTS; TRACKS; IDAHO; AREAS; SNOW; PARK
AB We used rendezvous site locations of wolf (Canis lupus) packs recorded during 1996-2006 to build a predictive model of gray wolf rendezvous site habitat in Idaho, USA. Variables in our best model included green leaf biomass (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), surface roughness, and profile curvature, indicating that wolves consistently used wet meadow complexes for rendezvous sites. We then used this predictive model to stratify habitat and guide survey efforts designed to document wolf pack distribution and fecundity in 4 study areas in Idaho. We detected all 15 wolf packs (32 wolf pack-yr) and 20 out of 27 (74%) litters of pups by surveying <11% of the total study area. In addition, we were able to obtain detailed observations on wolf packs (e.g., hair and scat samples) once we located their rendezvous sites. Given an expected decrease in the ability of managers to maintain radiocollar contact with all of the wolf packs in the northern Rocky Mountains, rendezvous sites predicted by our model can be the starting point and foundation for targeted sampling and future wolf population monitoring surveys.
C1 [Ausband, David E.; Mitchell, Michael S.] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Doherty, Kevin] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Zager, Peter] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Lewiston, ID 83501 USA.
[Mack, Curt M.; Holyan, Jim] Gray Wolf Recovery Project, Mccall, ID 83638 USA.
RP Ausband, DE (reprint author), Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 205 Nat Sci Bldg, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM david.ausband@mso.umt.edu
RI Mitchell, Michael/H-1117-2011
FU NPT; Regina Bauer Frankenberg Foundation for Animal Welfare; IDFG;
Montana Fish; Wildlife and Parks; Montana Department of Natural
Resources and Conservation; Mountaineers Foundation; Wolf Recovery
Foundation; Defenders of Wildlife; Oregon Zoo Future for Wildlife
Grants; University of Montana
FX We thank The NPT, The Regina Bauer Frankenberg Foundation for Animal
Welfare, IDFG, Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Montana Department of
Natural Resources and Conservation, The Mountaineers Foundation, Wolf
Recovery Foundation, Defenders of Wildlife, Oregon Zoo Future for
Wildlife Grants, and the MILES Program at The University of Montana for
funding and assistance. We also thank S. Nadeau, M. Hart, W. Gustafson,
and L. Waits for their advice, and J. Stenglein, M. Anderson, N. Carter,
M. Conners, A. Fahnestock, B. Fannin, A. Greenleaf, Q., Harrison, S.
Howard, C. Jacobs, J. Joyce, R. Kalinowski, S. Longoria, T. Loya, D.
Miles, B. Nelson, A. Roadman, L. Robinson, C. Rosenthal, J. Ruprecht, A.
Sovie, R. Wilbur, and B. Wojcik for their dedication and perseverance in
the field. We also extend thanks to L. Bradley and M. Lucid for earlier
manuscript reviews that greatly strengthened this paper. Lastly, we are
grateful for the critical yet respectful reviews provided by anonymous
reviewers. Our paper is much better because of their thorough review.
NR 39
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U1 5
U2 37
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 5
BP 1043
EP 1049
DI 10.2193/2009-303
PG 7
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 617OQ
UT WOS:000279290700017
ER
PT J
AU Sauer, JR
Link, WA
Kendall, WL
Dolton, DD
AF Sauer, John R.
Link, William A.
Kendall, William L.
Dolton, David D.
TI Comparative Analysis of Mourning Dove Population Change in North America
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Call-Count Survey; hierarchical model; North American Breeding Bird
Survey; route regression; trend analysis; Zenaida macroura
ID HIERARCHICAL MODEL; CONSERVATION; WOODCOCK; COUNT
AB Mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) are surveyed in North America with a Call-Count Survey (CCS) and the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS). Analyses in recent years have identified inconsistencies in results between surveys, and a need exists to analyze the surveys using modern methods and examine possible causes of differences in survey results. Call-Count Survey observers collect separate information on number of doves heard and number of doves seen during counting, whereas BBS observers record one index containing all doves observed. We used hierarchical log-linear models to estimate trend and annual indices of abundance for 1966-2007 from BBS data, CCS-heard data, and CCS-seen data. Trend estimates from analyses provided inconsistent results for several states and for eastern and central dove-management units. We examined differential effects of change in land use and noise-related disturbance on the CCS indices. Changes in noise-related disturbance along CCS routes had a larger influence on the heard index than on the seen index, but association analyses among states of changes in temperature and of amounts of developed land suggest that CCS indices are differentially influenced by changes in these environmental features. Our hierarchical model should be used to estimate population change from dove surveys, because it provides an efficient framework for estimating population trends from dove indices while controlling for environmental features that differentially influence the indices.
C1 [Sauer, John R.; Link, William A.; Kendall, William L.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Dolton, David D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Sauer, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM jrsauer@usgs.gov
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 16
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 5
BP 1059
EP 1069
DI 10.2193/2008-459
PG 11
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 617OQ
UT WOS:000279290700019
ER
PT J
AU Miller, DA
Otis, DL
AF Miller, David A.
Otis, David L.
TI Calibrating Recruitment Estimates for Mourning Doves From Harvest Age
Ratios
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE age ratio; detection; differential vulnerability; harvest survey; molt;
mourning dove; Zenaida macroura
ID PRIMARY FEATHER MOLT
AB We examined results from the first national-scale effort to estimate mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) age ratios and developed a simple, efficient, and generalizable methodology for calibrating estimates. Our method predicted age classes of unknown-age wings based on backward projection of molt distributions from fall harvest collections to preseason banding. We estimated 1) the proportion of latemolt individuals in each age class, and 2) the molt rates of juvenile and adult birds. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated our estimator was minimally biased. We estimated model parameters using 96,811 wings collected from hunters and 42,189 birds banded during preseason from 68 collection blocks in 22 states during the 2005-2007 hunting seasons. We also used estimates to derive a correction factor, based on latitude and longitude of samples, which can be applied to future surveys. We estimated differential vulnerability of age classes to harvest using data from banded birds and applied that to harvest age ratios to estimate population age ratios. Average, uncorrected age ratio of known-age wings for states that allow hunting was 2.25 (SD 0.85) juveniles:adult, and average, corrected ratio was 1.91 (SD 0.68), as determined from harvest age ratios from an independent sample of 41,084 wings collected from random hunters in 2007 and 2008. We used an independent estimate of differential vulnerability to adjust corrected harvest age ratios and estimated the average population age ratio as 1.45 (SD 0.52), a direct measure of recruitment rates. Average annual recruitment rates were highest east of the Mississippi River and in the northwestern United States, with lower rates between. Our results demonstrate a robust methodology for calibrating recruitment estimates for mourning doves and represent the first large-scale estimates of recruitment for the species. Our methods can be used by managers to correct future harvest survey data to generate recruitment estimates for use in formulating harvest management strategies.
C1 [Miller, David A.] Iowa State Univ, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Otis, David L.] Iowa State Univ, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Miller, DA (reprint author), Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM davidmiller@usgs.gov
RI Miller, David/E-4492-2012
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 5
BP 1070
EP 1079
DI 10.2193/2009-409
PG 10
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 617OQ
UT WOS:000279290700020
ER
PT J
AU Wilkins, KA
Malecki, RA
Sullivan, PJ
Fuller, JC
Dunn, JP
Hindman, LJ
Costanzo, GR
Petrie, SA
Luszcz, D
AF Wilkins, Khristi A.
Malecki, Richard A.
Sullivan, Patrick J.
Fuller, Joseph C.
Dunn, John P.
Hindman, Larry J.
Costanzo, Gary R.
Petrie, Scott A.
Luszcz, Dennis
TI Population Structure of Tundra Swans Wintering in Eastern North America
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Cygnus columbianus columbianus; eastern population; mid-Atlantic United
States; movement; satellite transmitter; subpopulation; tundra swan;
wintering ground.
ID PINTAILS
AB Our objective was to determine whether there were subpopulations within the eastern population of tundra swans (Cygnus columbianus columbianus) wintering along the mid-Atlantic coast. Movement rates between regions were substantial enough to result in continual mixing of wintering birds. Thus, we were unable to identify distinct subpopulations based on exclusive use of specific wintering areas. These birds should therefore be monitored, and their harvest managed, as if they were one population.
C1 [Wilkins, Khristi A.; Malecki, Richard A.] Cornell Univ, US Geol Survey, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Sullivan, Patrick J.] Cornell Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Fuller, Joseph C.; Luszcz, Dennis] N Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Edenton, NC 27932 USA.
[Dunn, John P.] Penn Game Commiss, Shippensburg, PA 17257 USA.
[Hindman, Larry J.] Wildlife & Heritage Serv, Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Cambridge, MD 21679 USA.
[Costanzo, Gary R.] Virginia Dept Game & Inland Fisheries, Williamsburg, VA 23188 USA.
[Petrie, Scott A.] Long Point Waterfowl, Port Rowan, ON N0E 1M0, Canada.
RP Wilkins, KA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 10815 Loblolly Pine Dr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM khristi_wilkins@fws.gov
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 5
BP 1107
EP 1111
DI 10.2193/2009-290
PG 5
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 617OQ
UT WOS:000279290700024
ER
PT J
AU Saito, L
Rosen, MR
Roesner, L
Howard, N
AF Saito, Laurel
Rosen, Michael R.
Roesner, Larry
Howard, Nalin
TI Improving estimates of oil pollution to the sea from land-based sources
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Oil pollution; Land-based sources; North America; Monitoring
ID URBAN STORMWATER RUNOFF; PETROLEUM-HYDROCARBONS; HIGHWAY RUNOFF;
POLLUTANTS; ECOSYSTEMS; IMPACT; RIVER
AB This paper presents improvements to calculation methods used in the National Research Council's (NRC) Oil in the Sea reports from 2003 and 1985 to estimate land-based contributions of petroleum hydrocarbons to the sea from North America. Using procedures similar to the 2003 report, but with more robust methods for handling non-detections, estimated land-based contributions for 1977 and 2000 were over 50% lower than the best 1996 estimate in the NRC report. The largest loads were from the northeastern United States and the Gulf of Mexico region for both the 2003 report and updated calculations. Calculations involved many sources of uncertainty, including lack of available data, variable methods of measuring and reporting data, and variable methods of reporting values below detection limits. This updated analysis of land-based loads of petroleum hydrocarbons to the sea highlights the continued need for more monitoring and research on inputs, fates and effects of these sources. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Saito, Laurel] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Rosen, Michael R.] US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
[Roesner, Larry] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Howard, Nalin] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem & Met Engn, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Saito, L (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Mail Stop 186,1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM lsaito@cabnr.unr.edu; mrosen@usgs.gov; larry.roesner@colostate.edu;
howardn5@gmail.com
RI Saito, Laurel/E-3096-2010; Rosen, Michael/D-6091-2015
OI Saito, Laurel/0000-0003-3617-3133;
NR 41
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 60
IS 7
BP 990
EP 997
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.02.003
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 624YG
UT WOS:000279857600016
PM 20189604
ER
PT J
AU Schuenemeyer, JH
Gautier, DL
AF Schuenemeyer, John H.
Gautier, Donald L.
TI Aggregation Methodology for the Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal
SO MATHEMATICAL GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting on Computational for the Earth Energy and Environment
(IAMG 2009)
CY AUG 23-28, 2009
CL Stanford Univ, San Francisco, CA
HO Stanford Univ
DE Arctic assessment; Petroleum resources; Aggregation; Oil and gas
AB This paper presents a methodology that intends to aggregate the results of a recent assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources of the Arctic by the U.S. Geological Survey. The assessment occurred in 48 geologically defined regions called assessment units. The methodology includes using assessor specified pair-wise correlations as the basis to construct a correlation matrix. Sampling from this matrix generates more realistic uncertainty estimates of aggregated resources than if assumptions of total independence or total dependence are made. The latter two assumptions result in overly narrow or overly broad estimates. Aggregation results for resources in regions north of the Arctic Circle are presented.
C1 [Schuenemeyer, John H.] SW Stat Consulting LLC, Cortez, CO 81321 USA.
[Gautier, Donald L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Schuenemeyer, JH (reprint author), SW Stat Consulting LLC, 960 Sligo St, Cortez, CO 81321 USA.
EM jackswsc@q.com; gautier@usgs.gov
NR 8
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1874-8961
J9 MATH GEOSCI
JI Math Geosci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 42
IS 5
SI SI
BP 583
EP 594
DI 10.1007/s11004-010-9274-9
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Geology; Mathematics
GA 615LG
UT WOS:000279136200008
ER
PT J
AU Ormo, J
Hill, AC
Self-Trail, JM
AF Ormoe, Jens
Hill, Andrew C.
Self-Trail, Jean M.
TI A chemostratigraphic method to determine the end of impact-related
sedimentation at marine-target impact craters (Chesapeake Bay, Lockne,
Tvaren)
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHICXULUB CRATER; SWEDEN; BALTOSCANDIA; DEPOSITION; BOUNDARY
AB To better understand the impact cratering process and its environmental consequences at the local to global scale, it is important to know when in the geological record of an impact crater the impact-related processes cease. In many instances, this occurs with the end of early crater modification, leaving an obvious sedimentological boundary between impactites and secular sediments. However, in marine-target craters the transition from early crater collapse (i.e., water resurge) to postimpact sedimentation can appear gradual. With the a priori assumption that the reworked target materials of the resurge deposits have a different chemical composition to the secular sediments we use chemostratigraphy (delta C-13(carb), %C-org, major elements) of sediments from the Chesapeake Bay, Lockne, and Tvaren craters, to define this boundary. We show that the end of impact-related sedimentation in these cases is fairly rapid, and does not necessarily coincide with a visual boundary (e.g., grain size shift). Therefore, in some cases, the boundary is more precisely determined by chemostratigraphy, especially carbonate carbon isotope variations, rather than by visual inspection. It is also shown how chemostratigraphy can confirm the age of marine-target craters that were previously determined by biostratigraphy; by comparing postimpact carbon isotope trends with established regional trends.
C1 [Ormoe, Jens; Hill, Andrew C.] Inst Nacl Tecnica Aeroespacial, Ctr Astrobiol CSIC INTA, Madrid 28850, Spain.
[Self-Trail, Jean M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Ormo, J (reprint author), Inst Nacl Tecnica Aeroespacial, Ctr Astrobiol CSIC INTA, Madrid 28850, Spain.
EM ormo@inta.es
RI Ormo, Jens/L-9058-2014
OI Ormo, Jens/0000-0002-5810-9442
FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [AYA2008-03467/ESP]
FX The authors wish to thank our late friend and colleague Maurits
Lindstrom (formerly at Stockholm University) for fruitful discussions,
Wilma Aleman Gonzalez (USGS) for sampling the Eyreville-A core, and Greg
Wandless (USGS) for running the oxygen and carbon isotope analyses on
some of the samples. J. Wright Horton Jr. and Lucy E. Edwards provided
early reviews of a draft manuscript. Comments by our referees, Birger
Schmitz and Peter Schulte and associate editor Alex Deutsch, greatly
improved the manuscript. Jens Ormo's work is partially supported by the
grant AYA2008-03467/ESP from the Spanish Ministry of Science and
Innovation.
NR 40
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1086-9379
EI 1945-5100
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 7
BP 1206
EP 1224
DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2010.01084.x
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 674CW
UT WOS:000283712300014
ER
PT J
AU Osborne, MJ
Davenport, SR
Hoagstrom, CW
Turner, TF
AF Osborne, Megan J.
Davenport, Stephen R.
Hoagstrom, Christopher W.
Turner, Thomas F.
TI Genetic effective size, N-e, tracks density in a small freshwater
cyprinid, Pecos bluntnose shiner (Notropis simus pecosensis)
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE effective size; genetic monitoring
ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; GRANDE SILVERY MINNOW; LINKAGE
DISEQUILIBRIUM; ALLELE FREQUENCY; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS;
HYBOGNATHUS-AMARUS; LIFE-HISTORY; CENSUS SIZE; SAMPLES; VARIANCE
AB Genetic monitoring tracks changes in measures of diversity including allelic richness, heterozygosity and genetic effective size over time, and has emerged as an important tool for understanding evolutionary consequences of population management. One proposed application of genetic monitoring has been to estimate abundance and its trajectory through time. Here, genetic monitoring was conducted across five consecutive year for the Pecos bluntnose shiner, a federally threatened minnow. Temporal changes in allele frequencies at seven microsatellite DNA loci were used to estimate variance effective size (N-eV) across adjacent years in the time series. Likewise, effective size was computed using the linkage disequilibrium method (N-eD) for each sample. Estimates of N-e were then compared to estimates of adult fish density obtained from traditional demographic monitoring. For Pecos bluntnose shiner, density (catch-per-unit-effort), N-eV and N-eD were positively associated across this time series. Results for Pecos bluntnose shiner were compared to a related and ecologically similar species, the Rio Grande silvery minnow. In this species, density and N-eV were negatively associated, which suggested decoupling of abundance and effective size trajectories. Conversely, density and N-eD were positively associated. For Rio Grande silvery minnow, discrepancies among estimates of N-e and their relationships with adult fish density could be related to effects of high variance in reproductive success in the wild and/or effects of supplementation of the wild population with captive-bred and reared fish. The efficacy of N-e as a predictor of density and abundance may depend on intrinsic population dynamics of the species and how these dynamics are influenced by the landscape features, management protocols and other factors.
C1 [Osborne, Megan J.; Turner, Thomas F.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Osborne, Megan J.; Turner, Thomas F.] Univ New Mexico, Museum SW Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Hoagstrom, Christopher W.] Weber State Univ, Dept Zool, Ogden, UT 84408 USA.
[Davenport, Stephen R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
RP Osborne, MJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM mosborne@unm.edu
RI Osborne, Megan/C-6447-2013
FU New Mexico Department of Game in Fish, Share
FX Nik Zymonas (formerly New Mexico Department of Game and Fish [NMGF]) and
Bob Larson (formerly NMGF) provided vital assistance with sample
collection. Rio Grande silvery minnow demographic monitoring data was
collected and provided by S. Platania and R. Dudley (American Southwest
Ichthyological Researchers). Funding was provided by the New Mexico
Department of Game in Fish, Share with Wildlife Program. Tracy Diver,
Alana Sharp and Sierra Netz provided invaluable laboratory and/or field
assistance. Three anonymous reviewers provided constructive comments
that improved this manuscript. Samples collected under IACUC protocol
#08UNM016TR100233.
NR 71
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 21
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0962-1083
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 19
IS 14
BP 2832
EP 2844
DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04695.x
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 623OF
UT WOS:000279751000002
PM 20579288
ER
PT J
AU Smith-Castro, JR
Rodewald, AD
AF Smith-Castro, Jennifer R.
Rodewald, Amanda D.
TI Effects of Recreational Trails on Northern Cardinals (Cardinalis
cardinalis) in Forested Urban Parks
SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE nest attendance; nest site selection; nest success; Ohio; recreational
trails; urban ecology
ID NEST PREDATION; HUMAN DISTURBANCE; BIRD COMMUNITY; INVESTIGATOR
DISTURBANCE; BREEDING SUCCESS; HUMAN INTRUSION; PLANT INVASION; EXOTIC
SHRUBS; LANDSCAPE; CONSERVATION
AB Though typically considered benign, recreational trails have the potential to both alter vegetation and disturb birds in ways that might in uence parental nest attendance rates and other behaviors that ultimately can affect reproductive success. We hypothesized that recreational trails negatively impact avian reproductive success either by (1) reducing nest attendance due to direct human disturbance or (2) modifying vegetation characteristics surrounding nests. From April to August of 2006 and 2007, 263 nests of Northern Cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) were monitored in 14 forested riparian sites containing paved and unpaved recreational trails in central Ohio. Vegetation characteristics were measured around 161 nests and 114 random locations. Trail use was estimated using cameras at seven of 14 sites. Nest attendance was not related to distance to trail, nest height, or trail use. We found little evidence that daily nest survival rates were related to distance to trail, nest attendance, trail use, or site. Rather, daily nest survival was best explained by and positively related to nest height. Though vegetation characteristics in randomly-located plots were unrelated to distance from trail, nests closer to trails were surrounded by more small stems (dbh < 8 cm), less native vegetation, and were placed at greater heights and farther from the foliage edge. Thus, birds may modify nest-site selection in relation to recreational trails.
C1 [Smith-Castro, Jennifer R.; Rodewald, Amanda D.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Smith-Castro, JR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 4625 Morse Rd,Suite 104, Columbus, OH 43230 USA.
EM jennifer_smith-castro@fws.gov
RI Rodewald, Amanda/D-2038-2012; Rodewald, Amanda/I-6308-2016
OI Rodewald, Amanda/0000-0002-6719-6306
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0340879, DEB-0639429]; Ohio Division of
Wildlife, Ohio Agriculture and Research Development Center
FX We are grateful for funding support from the National Science Foundation
(DEB-0340879 and DEB-0639429 to ADR), Ohio Division of Wildlife, Ohio
Agriculture and Research Development Center, The Ohio State University's
School of Environment and Natural Resources, and GradRoots (SENR). We
gratefully acknowledge the Columbus Department of Recreation and Parks,
Gahanna Parks and Recreation Department, and Franklin County Metro Parks
for access to field sites. We would also like to thank the many people
who spent countless hours in the field including J. Fullerton, A.
Highland, E. Interis, T. Jones, L. Kearns, W. Li, L. McArthur, D.
Miller, B. Norris, A. Petersen, K. Seger, D. Shustack, K. Uppstrom, and
B. Van Allen. Special thanks to S. Gehrt and V. Bouchard for their
guidance and support and to D. Shustack for discussions about this
research and helpful statistical advice.
NR 79
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 6
U2 43
PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC
PI ROCKFORD
PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA
SN 0885-8608
J9 NAT AREA J
JI Nat. Areas J.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 3
BP 328
EP 337
DI 10.3375/043.030.0308
PG 10
WC Ecology; Forestry
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA 634IY
UT WOS:000280575500009
ER
PT J
AU Danner, RM
Farmer, C
Hess, SC
Stephens, RM
Banko, PC
AF Danner, Raymond M.
Farmer, Chris
Hess, Steven C.
Stephens, Robert M.
Banko, Paul C.
TI Survival of Feral Cats, Felis catus (Carnivora: Felidae), on Mauna Kea,
Hawaii, Based on Tooth Cementum Lines
SO PACIFIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID DOMESTIC CATS; MARION ISLAND; HOME-RANGE; POPULATION; MOVEMENTS;
TOXOPLASMOSIS; MAMMALS; CONSERVATION; ERADICATION; DISPERSAL
AB Feral cats (Felis cants) have spread throughout anthropogenic and insular environments of the world. They now threaten many species of native wildlife with chronic depredation. Knowledge of feral cat population dynamics is necessary to understand their ecological effects and to develop effective control strategies. However, there arc few studies worldwide regarding annual or lifetime survival rates in remote systems, and none on Pacific islands. We constructed the age distribution and estimated survival of feral cats in a remote area of Hawai'i Island using cementum lines present in lower canine teeth. Our data suggest annual cementum line formation. A log-linear model estimated annual survival >= 1 yr of age to be 0.647. Relatively high survival coupled with high reproductive output: allows individual cats to affect native wildlife for many years and cat populations to rebound quickly after control efforts.
C1 [Hess, Steven C.; Banko, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Kilauea Field Stn, Hilo, HI 96718 USA.
[Stephens, Robert M.] Dept Land & Nat Resources, Div Forestry & Wildlife, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Danner, RM (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 2125 Derring Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM rdanner@vt.edu
RI Danner, Raymond/J-8350-2013
OI Danner, Raymond/0000-0002-3999-8141
FU Federal Highway Administration; U S Geological Survey and the National
Park Service; U S Geological Survey Wildlife and Terrestrial Resources
Program
FX This research was funded by the Federal Highway Administration, the
Natural Resources Partnership Program of the U S Geological Survey and
the National Park Service, and the U S Geological Survey Wildlife and
Terrestrial Resources Program and Invasive Species Programs Portions of
this research were performed under Cooperative Agreement 00003HS025 to
the University of Hawan at Manoa and Cooperative Agreement 3036WS0012 to
the University of Hawai'i at Hilo Manuscript accepted 18 August 2009
NR 55
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 15
PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS
PI HONOLULU
PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA
SN 0030-8870
J9 PAC SCI
JI Pac. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 64
IS 3
BP 381
EP 389
DI 10.2984/64.3.381
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 620DZ
UT WOS:000279480500003
ER
PT J
AU Carlson, CM
Schneider, JR
Heisey, DM
Pedersen, JA
Johnson, CJ
AF Carlson, Christina M.
Schneider, Jay R.
Heisey, Dennis M.
Pedersen, Joel A.
Johnson, Christopher J.
TI Transmission and Adaptation of Chronic Wasting Disease to North American
Voles
SO PRION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Carlson, Christina M.; Schneider, Jay R.; Heisey, Dennis M.; Johnson, Christopher J.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Prion Res Lab, Madison, WI USA.
[Carlson, Christina M.; Pedersen, Joel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Program Cellular & Mol Biol, Madison, WI USA.
RI Johnson, Christopher/B-1436-2009
OI Johnson, Christopher/0000-0003-4539-2581
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA
SN 1933-6896
J9 PRION
JI Prion
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2010
VL 4
IS 3
BP 150
EP 150
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 702CN
UT WOS:000285872300104
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, CJ
Bennett, JP
Biro, SM
Rodriguez, CM
Bessen, RA
Rocke, TE
AF Johnson, Christopher J.
Bennett, James P.
Biro, Steven M.
Rodriguez, Cynthia M.
Bessen, Richard A.
Rocke, Tonie E.
TI Degradation of Pathogenic Prion Protein and Prion Infectivity by Lichens
SO PRION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE prion; lichen; bioassay; protease; degradation
C1 [Johnson, Christopher J.; Bennett, James P.; Biro, Steven M.; Rodriguez, Cynthia M.; Rocke, Tonie E.] Univ Wisconsin, USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Biro, Steven M.; Rodriguez, Cynthia M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI USA.
[Bessen, Richard A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Vet Mol Biol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RI Johnson, Christopher/B-1436-2009
OI Johnson, Christopher/0000-0003-4539-2581
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA
SN 1933-6896
J9 PRION
JI Prion
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2010
VL 4
IS 3
BP 208
EP 208
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 702CN
UT WOS:000285872300244
ER
PT J
AU Hawkes, AD
Horton, BP
Nelson, AR
Hill, DF
AF Hawkes, A. D.
Horton, B. P.
Nelson, A. R.
Hill, D. F.
TI The application of intertidal foraminifera to reconstruct coastal
subsidence during the giant Cascadia earthquake of AD 1700 in Oregon,
USA
SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SALT-MARSH FORAMINIFERA; SEA-LEVEL CHANGE; LATE HOLOCENE EARTHQUAKE;
COSEISMIC SUBSIDENCE; SUBDUCTION-ZONE; TIDAL MARSH; BRITISH-COLUMBIA;
NORTH-CAROLINA; COWPEN MARSH; TEES ESTUARY
AB Changes in species assemblages of intertidal foraminifera can be used to estimate the amount of earthquake-related subsidence during plate-boundary earthquakes at the Cascadia subduction zone. The accuracy and precision of foraminiferal methods in paleoenvironmental reconstruction is underpinned by the relations between contemporary taxa and their environment, which are used to calibrate fossil foraminiferal assemblages in sediment sequences. A contemporary training set of surface sediment samples from five intertidal marshes along the Oregon coast was used to determine foraminiferal distributions and prevailing environmental control(s) along elevational transects. Dominant taxa include Balticammina pseudomacrescens, Trochamminita irregularis, Haplophragmoides wilberti, Trochammina inflata, Jadammina macrescens and Miliammina fusca. Unconstrained cluster analysis and detrended correspondence analysis was used to identify two elevation-dependent faunal zones: Faunal Zone I (upland, high marsh, middle marsh) dominated by Balticammina pseudomacrescens, Haplophragmoides wilberti and Trochammina inflata, and Faunal Zone II (low marsh and tidal flat) dominated by Miliammina fusca. Site-specific differences in assemblages at three marshes enabled further subdivision of Faunal Zone I. Zone la is based on one or more of Balticammina pseudomacrescens, Trochammina inflata, Trochamminita irregularis and Haplophragrnoides sp., and Zone Ib on Jadammina macrescens, Haplophragmoides sp., Trochammina inflata and Miliammina fusca. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and partial CCA of the training set from the Nehalem River marsh transect was used to infer that the zonation of foraminifera is elevation-dependent (39% of explained variance).
A transfer function was developed to reconstruct sudden changes in relative sea-level during plate-boundary earthquakes in Oregon. The results indicate a robust performance of the transfer function (r(jack)(2) = 0.82) with the error estimate (RMSEPjack = 0.20 m) comparable to local and regional transfer functions from other temperate marshes. To illustrate the potential of the technique, the transfer function was applied to reconstruct subsidence during the AD 1700 earthquake using at Alsea Bay, Oregon. The reconstruction (0.18 +/- 0.20 m) is less than half the subsidence estimate of Nelson et al. [2008. Great-earthquake palogeoesy and tsunamis of the past 2000 years at Alsea Bay, central Oregon coast, USA. Quaternary Science Reviews, 27, 747-768] using their foraminiferal transfer function, perhaps because of differences in taxonomy and the species relationship to elevation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hawkes, A. D.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Hawkes, A. D.; Horton, B. P.] Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Nelson, A. R.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Team, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Hill, D. F.] Penn State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Hawkes, AD (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, 360 Wood Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM ahawkes@whoi.edu
RI Hill, David/C-4569-2012
FU U.S. Geological Survey and Society of Sedimentary Geology; National
Science Foundation [EAR-0842728, EAR-0717364]; University of
Pennsylvania Benjamin Franklin Fellowship
FX This research was supported by the Earthquake Hazards Program of the
U.S. Geological Survey and Society of Sedimentary Geology (SEPM -
Sanders Student Research Fund) and National Science Foundation award
(EAR-0842728). PhD fellowship support was from the University of
Pennsylvania Benjamin Franklin Fellowship. The tidal modeling
calculations were part of a study by Hill funded by National Science
Foundation award (EAR-0717364). We thank Rob Witter, Yuki Sawai, Andrew
Kemp, Simon Engelhart and Candice Grand Pre for assistance with
fieldwork. This paper is a contribution to IGCP Project 495, "Quaternary
Land-Ocean interactions: Driving Mechanisms and Coastal Responses".
NR 109
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1040-6182
EI 1873-4553
J9 QUATERN INT
JI Quat. Int.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 221
IS 1-2
BP 116
EP 140
DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2009.09.019
PG 25
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 621CQ
UT WOS:000279551800012
ER
PT J
AU Loope, HM
Loope, WL
Goble, RJ
Fisher, TG
Jol, HM
Seong, JC
AF Loope, Henry M.
Loope, Walter L.
Goble, Ronald J.
Fisher, Timothy G.
Jol, Harry M.
Seong, J. C.
TI Early Holocene dune activity linked with final destruction of Glacial
Lake Minong, eastern Upper Michigan, USA
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Lake Minong; dunes; Upper Michigan; Lake Superior; lake level; OSL;
vibracoring
ID LAURENTIDE ICE-SHEET; UPPER PENINSULA; NORTHERN MICHIGAN; GREAT-LAKES;
AGE CALIBRATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SUPERIOR; HISTORY; STRATIGRAPHY;
ONTARIO
AB The early Holocene final drainage of glacial Lake Minong is documented by 21 OSL ages on quartz sand from parabolic dunes and littoral terraces and one radiocarbon age from a lake sediment core adjacent to mapped paleoshorelines in interior eastern Upper Michigan. We employ a simple model wherein lake-level decline exposes unvegetated littoral sediment to deflation, resulting in dune building. Dunes formed subsequent to lake-level decline prior to stabilization by vegetation and provide minimum ages for lake-level decline. Optical ages range from 10.3 to 7.7 ka; 15 ages on dunes adjacent to the lowest Lake Minong shoreline suggest final water-level decline similar to 9.1 ka. The clustering of optical ages from vertically separated dunes on both sides of the Nadoway-Gros Cap Barrier around 8.8 ka and a basal radiocarbon date behind the barrier (8120+/-40 (14)C yr BP [9.1 cal ka BP]) support the hypothesis that the barrier was breached and the final lake-level drop to the Houghton Low occurred coincident with (1) high meltwater flux into the Superior basin and (2) an abrupt, negative shift in oxygen isotope values in Lake Huron. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.
C1 [Loope, Henry M.; Goble, Ronald J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Geosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Loope, Walter L.] US Geol Survey, Munising, MI 49862 USA.
[Fisher, Timothy G.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Jol, Harry M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog & Anthropol, Eau Claire, WI 54702 USA.
[Seong, J. C.] Univ W Georgia, Dept Geosci, Carrollton, GA 30118 USA.
RP Loope, WL (reprint author), POB 40,N8391 Sand Pt Rd, Munising, MI 49862 USA.
EM wloope@usgs.gov
RI Fisher, Timothy/C-2609-2011
FU Undergraduate Creative Activities and Research Experience (UCARE)
program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Office of Research and
Sponsored Programs at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire
FX The Undergraduate Creative Activities and Research Experience (UCARE)
program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and the Office of Research
and Sponsored Programs at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire
assisted in funding of this work. Personnel of the Michigan Department
of Natural Resources in Paradise and Newberry and the National Park
Service in Munising provided logistical support and valuable
discussions. In particular, we thank Bob Wild, Gregg Bruff and Lora
Loope. Andy Breckenridge provided the numerical data for the varve
thickness time series in Fig. 5. Bob Wild, Nicole Kloehn and Brian
Mitchell provided field assistance. John Anderton, Bill Blewett and Doug
Wilcox reviewed an early draft of this paper. Mike Lewis, Paul Karrow,
Steve Wolfe, David Huntley and Randy Schaetzl reviewed a prior
manuscript based on this data. This paper is contribution 1584 of the
U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 55
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 13
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 1
BP 73
EP 81
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2010.03.006
PG 9
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 623RA
UT WOS:000279758300010
ER
PT J
AU Fitzpatrick, JJ
Alley, RB
Brigham-Grette, J
Miller, GH
Polyak, L
White, JWC
AF Fitzpatrick, Joan J.
Alley, Richard B.
Brigham-Grette, Julie
Miller, Gifford H.
Polyak, Leonid
White, James W. C.
TI Arctic Paleoclimate Synthesis Thematic Papers Introduction
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID CLIMATE; TRENDS
C1 [Fitzpatrick, Joan J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80113 USA.
[Alley, Richard B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Brigham-Grette, Julie] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Miller, Gifford H.; White, James W. C.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Miller, Gifford H.; White, James W. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Polyak, Leonid] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Fitzpatrick, JJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 980,Box 25046,DFC, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jfitz@usgs.gov
RI White, James/A-7845-2009
OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684
NR 29
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 15-16
BP 1674
EP 1678
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.09.016
PG 5
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 623RB
UT WOS:000279758400001
ER
PT J
AU Miller, GH
Brigham-Grette, J
Alley, RB
Anderson, L
Bauch, HA
Douglas, MSV
Edwards, ME
Elias, SA
Finney, BP
Fitzpatrick, JJ
Funder, SV
Herbert, TD
Hinzman, LD
Kaufman, DS
MacDonald, GM
Polyak, L
Robock, A
Serreze, MC
Smol, JP
Spielhagen, R
White, JWC
Wolfe, AP
Wolff, EW
AF Miller, G. H.
Brigham-Grette, J.
Alley, R. B.
Anderson, L.
Bauch, H. A.
Douglas, M. S. V.
Edwards, M. E.
Elias, S. A.
Finney, B. P.
Fitzpatrick, J. J.
Funder, S. V.
Herbert, T. D.
Hinzman, L. D.
Kaufman, D. S.
MacDonald, G. M.
Polyak, L.
Robock, A.
Serreze, M. C.
Smol, J. P.
Spielhagen, R.
White, J. W. C.
Wolfe, A. P.
Wolff, E. W.
TI Temperature and precipitation history of the Arctic
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
ID ABRUPT CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; GREENLAND ICE-SHEET;
MEDIEVAL WARM PERIOD; SOUTHWEST YUKON-TERRITORY; FOSSIL BEETLE
ASSEMBLAGES; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE RECORDS; TREE-RING CHRONOLOGY; LONG-CHAIN
ALKENONES; CENTRAL BROOKS RANGE
AB As the planet cooled from peak warmth in the early Cenozoic, extensive Northern Hemisphere ice sheets developed by 2.6 Ma ago, leading to changes in the circulation of both the atmosphere and oceans. From similar to 2.6 to similar to 1.0 Ma ago, ice sheets came and went about every 41 ka, in pace with cycles in the tilt of Earth's axis, but for the past 700 ka, glacial cycles have been longer, lasting 100 ka, separated by brief, warm interglaciations, when sea level and ice volumes were close to present. The cause of the shift from 41 ka to 100 ka glacial cycles is still debated. During the penultimate interglaciation, similar to 130 to similar to 120 ka ago, solar energy in summer in the Arctic was greater than at any time subsequently. As a consequence, Arctic summers were 5 degrees C warmer than at present, and almost all glaciers melted completely except for the Greenland Ice Sheet, and even it was reduced in size substantially from its present extent. With the loss of land ice, sea level was about 5 m higher than present, with the extra melt coming from both Greenland and Antarctica as well as small glaciers. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) peaked similar to 21 ka ago, when mean annual temperatures over parts of the Arctic were as much as 20 degrees C lower than at present. Ice recession was well underway 16 ka ago, and most of the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets had melted by 6 ka ago. Solar energy reached a summer maximum (9% higher than at present) similar to 11 ka ago and has been decreasing since then, primarily in response to the precession of the equinoxes. The extra energy elevated early Holocene summer temperatures throughout the Arctic 1-3 degrees C above 20th century averages, enough to completely melt many small glaciers throughout the Arctic, although the Greenland Ice Sheet was only slightly smaller than at present. Early Holocene summer sea ice limits were substantially smaller than their 20th century average, and the flow of Atlantic water into the Arctic Ocean was substantially greater. As summer solar energy decreased in the second half of the Holocene, glaciers re-established or advanced, sea ice expanded, and the flow of warm Atlantic water into the Arctic Ocean diminished. Late Holocene cooling reached its nadir during the Little Ice Age (about 1250-1850 AD), when sun-blocking volcanic eruptions and perhaps other causes added to the orbital cooling, allowing most Arctic glaciers to reach their maximum Holocene extent. During the warming of the past century, glaciers have receded throughout the Arctic, terrestrial ecosystems have advanced northward, and perennial Arctic Ocean sea ice has diminished.
Here we review the proxies that allow reconstruction of Quaternary climates and the feedbacks that amplify climate change across the Arctic. We provide an overview of the evolution of climate from the hot-house of the early Cenozoic through its transition to the ice-house of the Quaternary, with special emphasis on the anomalous warmth of the middle Pliocene, early Quaternary warm times, the Mid Pleistocene transition, warm interglaciations of marine isotope stages 11, 5e, and 1, the stage 3 interstadial, and the peak cold of the last glacial maximum. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Miller, G. H.; White, J. W. C.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Miller, G. H.; White, J. W. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Brigham-Grette, J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Alley, R. B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Alley, R. B.] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Anderson, L.; Fitzpatrick, J. J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Bauch, H. A.] IFM GEOMAR, Mainz Acad Sci Humanities & Literature, D-24148 Kiel, Germany.
[Douglas, M. S. V.; Wolfe, A. P.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.
[Edwards, M. E.] Univ Southampton, Sch Geog, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Elias, S. A.] Univ London, Dept Geog, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England.
[Finney, B. P.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Funder, S. V.] Univ Copenhagen, Geol Museum, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
[Herbert, T. D.] Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Hinzman, L. D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Kaufman, D. S.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[MacDonald, G. M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Polyak, L.] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Robock, A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Serreze, M. C.] Univ Colorado, NSIDC, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Smol, J. P.] Queens Univ, Dept Biol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
[Spielhagen, R.] IFM GEOMAR, Leibniz Inst Marine Sci, D-24148 Kiel, Germany.
[Wolff, E. W.] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
RP Miller, GH (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM gmiller@colorado.edu
RI White, James/A-7845-2009; Wolfe, Alexander/G-6867-2011; Kaufman,
Darrell/A-2471-2008; Hinzman, Larry/B-3309-2013; Wolff,
Eric/D-7925-2014; Smol, John/A-8838-2015; Robock, Alan/B-6385-2016;
OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684; Kaufman, Darrell/0000-0002-7572-1414;
Hinzman, Larry/0000-0002-5878-6814; Wolff, Eric/0000-0002-5914-8531;
Robock, Alan/0000-0002-6319-5656
FU United States National Science Foundation; Canadian Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council; [ARC 0714074]; [ATM-0318479];
[0531211]; [0424589]; [0806387]; [0537593]; [0519512];
[ARC-0612473]; [ARC-0806999]; [OPP-0652838]; [ARC-0455043];
[ARC-0531040]; [ARC-0531302]
FX We express our appreciation to the Earth Surface Processes Team of the
U.S. Geological Survey in Denver for assistance in ms preparation. The
following authors each acknowledge at least partial support from the
United States National Science Foundation as follows: GHM, grants ARC
0714074 and ATM-0318479; RBA, grants 0531211 and 0424589; JWCVV, grants
0806387, 0537593 and 0519512; LP, grants ARC-0612473 and ARC-0806999;
LDH, grant OPP-0652838; DSK, grant ARC-0455043; MCS, grants ARC-0531040,
ARC-0531302. MSVD, JPS, and APW collectively acknowledge financial
support through grants from the Canadian Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council, and logistical support from the Polar
Continental Shelf Project.
NR 399
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U1 13
U2 138
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 15-16
BP 1679
EP 1715
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.03.001
PG 37
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 623RB
UT WOS:000279758400002
ER
PT J
AU White, JWC
Alley, RB
Brigham-Grette, J
Fitzpatrick, JJ
Jennings, AE
Johnsen, SJ
Miller, GH
Nerem, RS
Polyak, L
AF White, James W. C.
Alley, Richard B.
Brigham-Grette, Julie
Fitzpatrick, Joan J.
Jennings, Anne E.
Johnsen, Sigfus J.
Miller, Gifford H.
Nerem, R. Steven
Polyak, Leonid
TI Past rates of climate change in the Arctic
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
ID GREENLAND ICE-SHEET; GLOBAL YOUNGER-DRYAS; LAKE-SEDIMENTS;
BAFFIN-ISLAND; RADIONUCLIDE RECORDS; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; ISOTOPIC
DIFFUSION; LAST DEGLACIATION; SOLAR-ACTIVITY; KYR BP
AB Climate is continually changing on numerous time scales, driven by a range of factors. In general, longer-lived changes are somewhat larger, but much slower to occur, than shorter-lived changes. Processes linked with continental drift have affected atmospheric circulation, oceanic currents, and the composition of the atmosphere over tens of millions of years. A global cooling trend over the last 60 million years has altered conditions near sea level in the Arctic from ice-free year-round to completely ice covered. Variations in arctic insolation over tens of thousands of years in response to orbital forcing have caused regular cycles of warming and cooling that were roughly half the size of the continental-drift-linked changes. This "glacial-interglacial" cycling was amplified by the reduced greenhouse gases in colder times and by greater surface albedo from more-extensive ice cover. Glacial-interglacial cycling was punctuated by abrupt millennial oscillations, which near the North Atlantic were roughly half as large as the glacial-interglacial cycles, but which were much smaller Arctic-wide and beyond. The current interglaciation, the Holocene, has been influenced by brief cooling events from single volcanic eruptions, slower but longer lasting changes from random fluctuations in the frequency of volcanic eruptions, from weak solar variability, and perhaps by other classes of events. Human-forced climate changes appear similar in size and duration to the fastest natural changes of the past, but future changes may have no natural analog. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [White, James W. C.; Jennings, Anne E.; Miller, Gifford H.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[White, James W. C.; Jennings, Anne E.; Miller, Gifford H.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Alley, Richard B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Alley, Richard B.] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Brigham-Grette, Julie] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Fitzpatrick, Joan J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Johnsen, Sigfus J.] Univ Copenhagen, Ice & Climate Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark.
[Nerem, R. Steven] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Polyak, Leonid] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP White, JWC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM james.white@colorado.edu
RI White, James/A-7845-2009
OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684
NR 127
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U1 2
U2 37
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 15-16
BP 1716
EP 1727
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.04.025
PG 12
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 623RB
UT WOS:000279758400003
ER
PT J
AU Alley, RB
Andrews, JT
Brigham-Grette, J
Clarke, GKC
Cuffey, KM
Fitzpatrick, JJ
Funder, S
Marshall, SJ
Miller, GH
Mitrovica, JX
Muhs, DR
Otto-Bliesner, BL
Polyak, L
White, JWC
AF Alley, Richard B.
Andrews, J. T.
Brigham-Grette, J.
Clarke, G. K. C.
Cuffey, K. M.
Fitzpatrick, J. J.
Funder, S.
Marshall, S. J.
Miller, G. H.
Mitrovica, J. X.
Muhs, D. R.
Otto-Bliesner, B. L.
Polyak, L.
White, J. W. C.
TI History of the Greenland Ice Sheet: paleoclimatic insights
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; ABRUPT CLIMATE-CHANGE; POLAR
NORTH-ATLANTIC; CENTRAL EAST GREENLAND; URANIUM-SERIES AGES; 68 DEGREES
N; SOUTHERN GREENLAND; LATE QUATERNARY; YOUNGER DRYAS
AB Paleoclimatic records show that the Greenland Ice Sheet consistently has lost mass in response to warming, and grown in response to cooling. Such changes have occurred even at times of slow or zero sea-level change, so changing sea level cannot have been the cause of at least some of the ice-sheet changes. In contrast, there are no documented major ice-sheet changes that occurred independent of temperature changes. Moreover, snowfall has increased when the climate warmed, but the ice sheet lost mass nonetheless: increased accumulation in the ice sheet's center has not been sufficient to counteract increased melting and flow near the edges. Most documented forcings and ice-sheet responses spanned periods of several thousand years, but limited data also show rapid response to rapid forcings. In particular, regions near the ice margin have responded within decades. However, major changes of central regions of the ice sheet are thought to require centuries to millennia. The paleoclimatic record does not yet strongly constrain how rapidly a major shrinkage or nearly complete loss of the ice sheet could occur. The evidence suggests nearly total ice-sheet loss may result from warming of more than a few degrees above mean 20th century values, but this threshold is poorly defined (perhaps as little as 2 degrees C or more than 7 degrees C). Paleoclimatic records are sufficiently sketchy that the ice sheet may have grown temporarily in response to warming, or changes may have been induced by factors other than temperature, without having been recorded. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Alley, Richard B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Alley, Richard B.] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Andrews, J. T.; Miller, G. H.; White, J. W. C.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Andrews, J. T.; Miller, G. H.; White, J. W. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Brigham-Grette, J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Clarke, G. K. C.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Cuffey, K. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Fitzpatrick, J. J.; Muhs, D. R.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Funder, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Geol Museum, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
[Marshall, S. J.] Univ Calgary, Dept Geog, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
[Mitrovica, J. X.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Otto-Bliesner, B. L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Polyak, L.] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Alley, RB (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM rba6@psu.edu
RI White, James/A-7845-2009
OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684
FU US National Science Foundation [0531211, 0424589, ARC0714074,
ATM0318479, ARC0612473, 0806999, 0806387, 053759, 059512]; National
Center for Atmospheric Research
FX RBA acknowledges partial support from the US National Science Foundation
under grants 0531211 and 0424589. GHM acknowledges partial support from
the US National Science Foundation under grants ARC0714074 and
ATM0318479. LP acknowledges partial support from the US National Science
Foundation under grants ARC0612473 and 0806999. JWCW acknowledges
partial support from the US National Science Foundation under grants
0806387, 053759, and 059512. BLO acknowledges support from the US
National Science Foundation through its sponsorship of the National
Center for Atmospheric Research.
NR 308
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U1 4
U2 68
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 15-16
BP 1728
EP 1756
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.02.007
PG 29
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 623RB
UT WOS:000279758400004
ER
PT J
AU Polyak, L
Alley, RB
Andrews, JT
Brigham-Grette, J
Cronin, TM
Darby, DA
Dyke, AS
Fitzpatrick, JJ
Funder, S
Holland, M
Jennings, AE
Miller, GH
O'Regan, M
Savelle, J
Serreze, M
St John, K
White, JWC
Wolff, E
AF Polyak, Leonid
Alley, Richard B.
Andrews, John T.
Brigham-Grette, Julie
Cronin, Thomas M.
Darby, Dennis A.
Dyke, Arthur S.
Fitzpatrick, Joan J.
Funder, Svend
Holland, Marika
Jennings, Anne E.
Miller, Gifford H.
O'Regan, Matt
Savelle, James
Serreze, Mark
St John, Kristen
White, James W. C.
Wolff, Eric
TI History of sea ice in the Arctic
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
ID WHALE BALAENA-MYSTICETUS; KAP KOBENHAVN FORMATION; NORTH-ATLANTIC
CLIMATE; 68 DEGREES N; HOLOCENE CLIMATE; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION;
ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; NORDIC SEAS; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; ELLESMERE
ISLAND
AB Arctic sea-ice extent and volume are declining rapidly. Several studies project that the Arctic Ocean may become seasonally ice-free by the year 2040 or even earlier. Putting this into perspective requires information on the history of Arctic sea-ice conditions through the geologic past. This information can be provided by proxy records from the Arctic Ocean floor and from the surrounding coasts. Although existing records are far from complete, they indicate that sea ice became a feature of the Arctic by 47 Ma, following a pronounced decline in atmospheric pCO(2) after the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Optimum, and consistently covered at least part of the Arctic Ocean for no less than the last 13-14 million years. Ice was apparently most widespread during the last 2-3 million years, in accordance with Earth's overall cooler climate. Nevertheless, episodes of considerably reduced sea ice or even seasonally ice-free conditions occurred during warmer periods linked to orbital variations. The last low-ice event related to orbital forcing (high insolation) was in the early Holocene, after which the northern high latitudes cooled overall, with some superimposed shorterterm (multidecadal to millennial-scale) and lower-magnitude variability. The current reduction in Arctic ice cover started in the late 19th century, consistent with the rapidly warming climate, and became very pronounced over the last three decades. This ice loss appears to be unmatched over at least the last few thousand years and unexplainable by any of the known natural variabilities. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Polyak, Leonid] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Alley, Richard B.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Brigham-Grette, Julie] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Cronin, Thomas M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Darby, Dennis A.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA USA.
[Dyke, Arthur S.] Geol Survey Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Fitzpatrick, Joan J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Funder, Svend] Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Holland, Marika; Serreze, Mark] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[O'Regan, Matt] Stockholm Univ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Savelle, James] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[St John, Kristen] James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA.
[Wolff, Eric] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
RP Polyak, L (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM polyak.1@osu.edu
RI O'Regan, Matt/B-2157-2010; White, James/A-7845-2009; Darby,
Dennis/A-9219-2010; Wolff, Eric/D-7925-2014;
OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684; Darby, Dennis/0000-0002-3112-9072;
Wolff, Eric/0000-0002-5914-8531; O'Regan, Matt/0000-0002-6046-1488
FU US National Science Foundation [0612473, 0806999, 0806387, 0537593,
0519512, 0531211, 0424589, 0714074, 0318479]; US Geological Survey
FX Work on this paper was partially supported by the US National Science
Foundation awards 0612473, 0806999, 0806387, 0537593, 0519512, 0531211,
0424589, 0714074, and 0318479, and by the Earth Surface Dynamics Program
of the US Geological Survey. We thank J. England and an anonymous
reviewer for constructive comments.
NR 288
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U2 130
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 15-16
BP 1757
EP 1778
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.02.010
PG 22
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 623RB
UT WOS:000279758400005
ER
PT J
AU Miller, GH
Alley, RB
Brigham-Grette, J
Fitzpatrick, JJ
Polyak, L
Serreze, MC
White, JWC
AF Miller, Gifford H.
Alley, Richard B.
Brigham-Grette, Julie
Fitzpatrick, Joan J.
Polyak, Leonid
Serreze, Mark C.
White, James W. C.
TI Arctic amplification: can the past constrain the future?
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
ID LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; MIDDLE PLIOCENE CLIMATE; FOSSIL BEETLE
ASSEMBLAGES; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; EOCENE THERMAL MAXIMUM; GLOBAL
CLIMATE; MASS-BALANCE; POLAR AMPLIFICATION; METHANE HYDRATE;
NORTH-ATLANTIC
AB Arctic amplification, the observation that surface air temperature changes in the Arctic exceed those of the Northern Hemisphere as a whole, is a pervasive feature of climate models, and has recently emerged in observational data relative to the warming trend of the past century. The magnitude of Arctic amplification is an important, but poorly constrained variable necessary to estimate global average temperature change over the next century. Here we evaluate the mechanisms responsible for Arctic amplification on Quaternary timescales, and review evidence from four intervals in the past 3 Ma for which sufficient paleoclimate data and model simulations are available to estimate the magnitude of Arctic amplification under climate states both warmer and colder than present. Despite differences in forcings and feedbacks for these reconstructions compared to today, the Arctic temperature change consistently exceeds the Northern Hemisphere average by a factor of 3-4, suggesting that Arctic warming will continue to greatly exceed the global average over the coming century, with concomitant reductions in terrestrial ice masses and, consequently, an increasing rate of sea level rise. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Miller, Gifford H.; White, James W. C.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Miller, Gifford H.; White, James W. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Alley, Richard B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Alley, Richard B.] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Brigham-Grette, Julie] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Fitzpatrick, Joan J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Polyak, Leonid] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Serreze, Mark C.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Miller, GH (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM gmiller@colorado.edu
RI White, James/A-7845-2009
OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684
FU US National Science Foundation [ARC 0714074, ATM-0318479, 0531211,
0424589, ARC-0612473, ARC-0806999, ARC-0531040, ARC-0531302]; National
Science Foundation [0806387, 0537593, 0519512]
FX We express our appreciation to the Earth Surface Processes Team of the
U.S. Geological Survey in Denver for assistance in ms preparation. GHM
acknowledges partial support from the US National Science Foundation
under grants ARC 0714074 and ATM-0318479. RBA acknowledges partial
support from the US National Science Foundation under grants 0531211 and
0424589. JWCW acknowledges partial support from National Science
Foundation under grants 0806387, 0537593 and 0519512. LP acknowledges
partial support from the US National Science Foundation under grants
ARC-0612473 and ARC-0806999; MCS acknowledges partial support from the
US National Science Foundation under grants ARC-0531040, ARC-0531302.
NR 128
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U1 3
U2 47
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 15-16
BP 1779
EP 1790
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.02.008
PG 12
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 623RB
UT WOS:000279758400006
ER
PT J
AU Bell, LA
Fuhlendorf, SD
Patten, MA
Wolfe, DH
Sherrod, SK
AF Bell, Luke A.
Fuhlendorf, Samuel D.
Patten, Michael A.
Wolfe, Donald H.
Sherrod, Steve K.
TI Lesser Prairie-Chicken Hen and Brood Habitat Use on Sand Shinnery Oak
SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE lesser prairie-chicken; sand shinnery oak; tebuthiuron
ID PRESCRIBED FIRE; TEBUTHIURON; COMMUNITIES; SELECTION; POPULATIONS;
RANGELANDS; BOBWHITES
AB The structural attributes of shrubland communities may provide thermal refugia and protective cover necessary for wild animals to survive. During the summers of 2002 and 2003, we evaluated the thermal environment for lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus Ridgway) broods in southeast New Mexico across a complex landscape that included grazed sand shinnery oak (Quercus havardii Rydb.), ungrazed sand shinnery oak treated with tebuthiuron, sand dunes, cropland, and Conservation Reserve Program native grass plantings. Based on data from 257 brood locations and 53 random locations, lesser prairie-chicken broods selected locations based on sand shinnery oak dominance, with taller plant heights and more over-head cover, when temperatures exceeded 26.4 degrees C than what was randomly available. Prairie chickens selected areas not treated with herbicide and these sites were often selected at a fine spatial scale. These data support other studies suggesting that there may be no justification of shrub control for lesser prairie-chicken conservation within the sand shinnery oak communities.
C1 [Bell, Luke A.; Fuhlendorf, Samuel D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Patten, Michael A.; Wolfe, Donald H.; Sherrod, Steve K.] Univ Oklahoma, Sutton Avian Res Ctr, Bartlesville, OK 74005 USA.
[Patten, Michael A.] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Bell, LA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 9014 E 21st St, Tulsa, OK 74129 USA.
EM luke_bell@fws.gov
RI Fuhlendorf, Samuel/A-2931-2011
OI Fuhlendorf, Samuel/0000-0002-8726-9402
FU New Mexico Dept of Game and Fish; US Fish and Wildlife Service; National
Fish and Wildlife Foundation; University of Oklahoma; Grasslans
Charitable Foundation; ConocoPhillips
FX Research was funded in part by the New Mexico Dept of Game and Fish, US
Fish and Wildlife Service, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation,
University of Oklahoma, Grasslans Charitable Foundation, and
ConocoPhillips.
NR 42
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 21
PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT
PI LAKEWOOD
PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA
SN 1550-7424
J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG
JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 63
IS 4
BP 478
EP 486
DI 10.2111/08-245.1
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 630ZI
UT WOS:000280315300010
ER
PT J
AU Qi, HP
Groning, M
Coplen, TB
Buck, B
Mroczkowski, SJ
Brand, WA
Geilmann, H
Gehre, M
AF Qi, Haiping
Groening, Manfred
Coplen, Tyler B.
Buck, Bryan
Mroczkowski, Stanley J.
Brand, Willi A.
Geilmann, Heike
Gehre, Matthias
TI Novel silver-tubing method for quantitative introduction of water into
high-temperature conversion systems for stable hydrogen and oxygen
isotopic measurements
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ORGANIC-SUBSTANCES; DELTA-O-18; FLOW; PYROLYSIS; PRECISION; NITRATE
AB A new method to seal water in silver tubes for use in a TC/EA (thermal conversion/elemental analyzer) reduction unit using a semi-automated sealing apparatus can yield reproducibilities (1 standard deviation) of delta H-2 and delta O-18 measurements of 1.0 parts per thousand and 0.06 parts per thousand, respectively. These silver tubes containing reference waters may be preferred for the calibration of H- and O-bearing materials analyzed with a TC/EA reduction unit. The new sealing apparatus employs a computer-controlled stepping motor to produce silver tubes identical in length. The reproducibility of the mass of water sealed in tubes (in a range of 200-400 mu g) can be as good as 1%. Approximately 99% of the sealed silver tubes are satisfactory (leak free). Although silver tubes sealed with reference waters are robust and can be shaken or heated to 110 degrees C with no loss of integrity, they should not be frozen because the expansion during the phase transition of water to ice will break the cold seals and all the water will be lost. The tubes should be shipped in insulated containers.
This new method eliminates air inclusions and isotopic fractionation of water associated with the loading of water into capsules using a syringe. The method is also more than an order of magnitude faster than preparing water samples in ordinary Ag capsules. Nevertheless, some laboratories may prefer loading water into silver capsules because expensive equipment is not needed, but users of this method are cautioned to apply the necessary corrections for evaporation, back exchange with laboratory atmospheric moisture, and blanks. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Qi, Haiping; Coplen, Tyler B.; Buck, Bryan; Mroczkowski, Stanley J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Groening, Manfred] IAEA, Isotope Hydrol Lab, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
[Brand, Willi A.; Geilmann, Heike] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, MPI BGC, D-07701 Jena, Germany.
[Gehre, Matthias] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, UFZ, Lab Stable Isotopes, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
RP Qi, HP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM haipingq@usgs.gov
RI Brand, Willi/D-2043-2009
NR 12
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 13
BP 1821
EP 1827
DI 10.1002/rcm.4559
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 618SJ
UT WOS:000279375700001
PM 20533311
ER
PT J
AU Tanner, C
Hunter, S
Reel, J
Parham, T
Naylor, M
Karrh, L
Busch, K
Golden, RR
Lewandowski, M
Rybicki, N
Schenk, E
AF Tanner, Christopher
Hunter, Sarah
Reel, Justin
Parham, Thomas
Naylor, Mike
Karrh, Lee
Busch, Kathryn
Golden, Rebecca R.
Lewandowski, Mark
Rybicki, Nancy
Schenk, Edward
TI Evaluating a Large-Scale Eelgrass Restoration Project in the Chesapeake
Bay
SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE eelgrass; epiphytes; restoration; SAV habitat requirements; site
selection; water quality; Zostera marina
ID ZOSTERA-MARINA L; SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION; TIDAL POTOMAC RIVER;
SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEMS; WATER-QUALITY; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES; HABITAT
REQUIREMENTS; AMMONIUM UPTAKE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WAVE EXPOSURE
AB Approximately 90,000 shoots of eelgrass (Zostera marina) were planted over 3 years (2003-2005) at Piney Point (PP) in the lower Potomac River estuary in the Chesapeake Bay (mid-Atlantic coast of North America) following 3 years of habitat evaluation using a Preliminary Transplant Suitability Index (PTSI) and test plantings. Initial survival was high for the 2003 and 2004 plantings; however, most of the eelgrass died during the summer following the fall planting. Habitat quality and restoration success were monitored for the 2005 plantings and compared to a nearby restoration site (St. George Island [SGI]). Eelgrass planted at PP in the fall of 2005 declined through the summer of 2006 with some recovery in the spring of 2007, but was gone by the end of the summer of 2007. The summer decline from late July to mid-August of 2006 coincided with water temperatures greater than 30 degrees C, hypoxic oxygen (0-3 mg/L) concentrations, and low percent light at leaf level (PLL < 15%). Epiphyte loads were much heavier at PP than at SGI, despite similar water quality. We suggest that this was the result of higher wave exposure at PP. All of these factors are likely to have contributed to the mortality of the 2005 plantings. Submerged aquatic vegetation habitat quality based on the PTSI, median PLL during the growing season, and test plantings did not explain the decline of the plantings. Restoration site selection criteria should be expanded to include the effects of wave exposure on self-shading and epiphyte loads, and the potential for both short-term exposures to stressful conditions and long-term changes in habitat quality.
C1 [Tanner, Christopher; Hunter, Sarah] St Marys Coll Maryland, St Marys City, MD 20686 USA.
[Reel, Justin] RKK Engineers, Baltimore, MD 21217 USA.
[Parham, Thomas; Naylor, Mike; Karrh, Lee; Busch, Kathryn; Golden, Rebecca R.; Lewandowski, Mark] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Rybicki, Nancy; Schenk, Edward] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Tanner, C (reprint author), St Marys Coll Maryland, St Marys City, MD 20686 USA.
EM cetanner@smcm.edu
NR 61
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U1 5
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1061-2971
J9 RESTOR ECOL
JI Restor. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 4
BP 538
EP 548
DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2010.00694.x
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 622NN
UT WOS:000279670600015
ER
PT J
AU Waddle, T
AF Waddle, Terry
TI FIELD EVALUATION OF A TWO-DIMENSIONAL HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL NEAR BOULDERS
FOR HABITAT CALCULATION
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE two-dimensional; hydrodynamic model; habitat simulation; simulation
error; data error
ID RIVERS
AB Two-dimensional hydrodynamic models are now widely used in aquatic habitat studies. To test the sensitivity of calculated habitat outcomes to limitations of such a model and of typical field data, bathymetry, depth and velocity data were collected for three discharges in the vicinity of two large boulders in the South Platte River (Colorado) and used in the River2D model. Simulated depth and velocity were compared with observed values at 204 locations and the differences in habitat numbers produced by observed and simulated conditions were calculated. The bulk of the differences between simulated and observed depth and velocity values were found to lie within the likely error of measurement. However, the effect of flow simulation outliers on potential habitat outcomes must be considered when using 2D models for habitat simulation. Furthermore, the shape of the habitat suitability relation can influence the effects of simulation errors. Habitat relations with steep slopes in the velocity ranges found in similar study areas are expected to be sensitive to the magnitude of error found here. Comparison of habitat values derived from simulated and observed depth and velocity revealed a small tendency to under-predict habitat values. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Waddle, T (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM waddlet@usgs.gov
NR 20
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 10
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1535-1459
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 6
BP 730
EP 741
DI 10.1002/rra.1278
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 628RZ
UT WOS:000280139900005
ER
PT J
AU Brown, LR
Bauer, ML
AF Brown, Larry R.
Bauer, Marissa L.
TI EFFECTS OF HYDROLOGIC INFRASTRUCTURE ON FLOW REGIMES OF CALIFORNIA'S
CENTRAL VALLEY RIVERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR FISH POPULATIONS
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE flow regime; hydrologic infrastructure; water management; native fishes;
alien fishes; dams; California
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SQUAWFISH PTYCHOCHEILUS-GRANDIS; SAN-FRANCISCO
ESTUARY; ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES; NATIVE
FISHES; STREAM FISHES; WATER; CONSERVATION; COMMUNITIES
AB Alteration of natural flow regimes is generally acknowledged to have negative effects on native biota; however, methods for defining ecologically appropriate flow regimes in managed river systems are only beginning to be developed. Understanding how past and present water management has affected rivers is an important part of developing such tools. In this paper, we evaluate how existing hydrologic infrastructure and management affect streamflow characteristics of rivers in the Central Valley, California and discuss those characteristics in the context of habitat requirements of native and alien fishes. We evaluated the effects of water management by comparing observed discharges with estimated discharges assuming no water management ('full natural runoff'). Rivers in the Sacramento River drainage were characterized by reduced winter-spring discharges and augmented discharges in other months. Rivers in the San Joaquin River drainage were characterized by reduced discharges in all months but particularly in winter and spring. Two largely unaltered streams had hydrographs similar to those based on full natural runoff of the regulated rivers. The reduced discharges in the San Joaquin River drainage streams are favourable for spawning of many alien species, which is consistent with observed patterns of fish distribution and abundance in the Central Valley. However, other factors, such as water temperature, are also important to the relative success of native and alien resident fishes. As water management changes in response to climate change and societal demands, interdisciplinary programs of research and monitoring will be essential for anticipating effects on fishes and to avoid unanticipated ecological outcomes. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Brown, Larry R.; Bauer, Marissa L.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
RP Brown, LR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Placer Hall,6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM lrbrown@usgs.gov
FU CALFED Science Program
FX The authors thank the reviewers for their many comments which
significantly improved the manuscript. This paper is based upon work
supported by a grant from the CALFED Science Program. This paper is
contribution no. 11 to the CASCADE project (Computational Assessments of
Scenarios of Change for the Delta Ecosystem, Project SCI-05-C01-84).
NR 62
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 40
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1535-1459
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 6
BP 751
EP 765
DI 10.1002/rra.1293
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 628RZ
UT WOS:000280139900007
ER
PT J
AU Jordan, TH
Jones, LM
AF Jordan, Thomas H.
Jones, Lucile M.
TI Operational Earthquake Forecasting: Some Thoughts on Why and How
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID PROBABILITIES; CALIFORNIA
C1 [Jordan, Thomas H.] Univ So Calif, So Calif Earthquake Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Jones, Lucile M.] US Geol Survey, Multihazards Demonstrat Project, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Jordan, TH (reprint author), Univ So Calif, So Calif Earthquake Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM tjordan@usc.edu; jones@usgs.gov
NR 8
TC 52
Z9 52
U1 1
U2 9
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 4
BP 571
EP 574
DI 10.1785/gssrl.81.4.571
PG 4
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 618NQ
UT WOS:000279363000001
ER
PT J
AU Okal, EA
Fritz, HM
Synolakis, CE
Borrero, JC
Weiss, R
Lynett, PJ
Titov, VV
Foteinis, S
Jaffe, BE
Liu, PLF
Chan, IC
AF Okal, Emile A.
Fritz, Hermann M.
Synolakis, Costas E.
Borrero, Jose C.
Weiss, Robert
Lynett, Patrick J.
Titov, Vasily V.
Foteinis, Spyros
Jaffe, Bruce E.
Liu, Philip L. -F.
Chan, I-chi
TI Field Survey of the Samoa Tsunami of 29 September 2009
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MANTLE DYNAMICS; ISLAND; EARTHQUAKE; TONGA; FAULTS; RUNUP; BASIN
C1 [Okal, Emile A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Fritz, Hermann M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Savannah, GA 31407 USA.
[Synolakis, Costas E.; Borrero, Jose C.] Univ So Calif, Dept Civil Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Synolakis, Costas E.; Foteinis, Spyros] Tech Univ Crete, Dept Environm Engn, Khania 73100, Greece.
[Borrero, Jose C.] ASR Ltd, Raglan 3225, New Zealand.
[Weiss, Robert] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Lynett, Patrick J.] Texas A&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Titov, Vasily V.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Labs, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Jaffe, Bruce E.] USGS Pacific Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Liu, Philip L. -F.; Chan, I-chi] Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Okal, EA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM emile@earth.northwestern.edu
RI Lynett, Patrick/A-1458-2011; Weiss, Robert/B-8060-2012; Synolakis,
Costas/B-3197-2008; Liu, Philip/E-3619-2013; Fritz, Hermann/H-5618-2013;
Lynett, Patrick/B-5932-2014; Jaffe, Bruce/A-9979-2012;
OI Synolakis, Costas/0000-0003-0140-5379; Fritz,
Hermann/0000-0002-6798-5401; Lynett, Patrick/0000-0002-2856-9405; Jaffe,
Bruce/0000-0002-8816-5920; Titov, Vasily/0000-0002-1630-3829; Foteinis,
Spyros/0000-0003-1471-578X
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-10-00694]; Northwestern University;
Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (PEER)
FX Field work was supported by the National Science Foundation under RAPID
grant OCE-10-00694 to H.M.F. and C.E.S., and by a grant to E.A.O. from
the Vice-President for Research, Northwestern University. Discussions
with Steve Kirby on outer rise events are acknowledged. We are grateful
to Catherine Chague-Goff for sharing with us the lone eyewitness report
of the 1917 event in Upolu. E.A.O. thanks Bernard Dost for hospitality
at the seismological archives of the Royal Netherlands Meteorological
Institute in De Bilt. Maps were drawn using the GMT software (Wessel and
Smith 1991). C.E.S. thanks the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research
Institute (PEER) for partial support.
NR 32
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PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 4
BP 577
EP 591
DI 10.1785/gssrl.81.4.577
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 618NQ
UT WOS:000279363000002
ER
PT J
AU Ringler, AT
Gee, LS
Hutt, CR
McNamara, DE
AF Ringler, A. T.
Gee, L. S.
Hutt, C. R.
McNamara, D. E.
TI Temporal Variations in Global Seismic Station Ambient Noise Power Levels
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GLACIAL EARTHQUAKES
C1 [Ringler, A. T.; Gee, L. S.; Hutt, C. R.] US Geol Survey, Albuquerque Seismol Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87198 USA.
[McNamara, D. E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87198 USA.
RP Ringler, AT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Albuquerque Seismol Lab, POB 82010, Albuquerque, NM 87198 USA.
EM aringler@usgs.gov
NR 14
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U1 0
U2 1
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 4
BP 605
EP 613
DI 10.1785/gssrl.81.4.605
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 618NQ
UT WOS:000279363000005
ER
PT J
AU Evans, JR
Followill, F
Hutt, CR
Kromer, RP
Nigbor, RL
Ringler, AT
Steim, JM
Wielandt, E
AF Evans, J. R.
Followill, F.
Hutt, C. R.
Kromer, R. P.
Nigbor, R. L.
Ringler, A. T.
Steim, J. M.
Wielandt, E.
TI Method for Calculating Self-Noise Spectra and Operating Ranges for
Seismographic Inertial Sensors and Recorders
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM
C1 [Evans, J. R.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Followill, F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
[Hutt, C. R.; Ringler, A. T.] US Geol Survey, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Kromer, R. P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Nigbor, R. L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Steim, J. M.] Quanterra, Harvard, MA USA.
[Wielandt, E.] Univ Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
RP Evans, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jrevans@usgs.gov
NR 12
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U1 0
U2 5
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 4
BP 640
EP 646
DI 10.1785/gssrl.81.4.640
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 618NQ
UT WOS:000279363000009
ER
PT J
AU Odum, JK
Stephenson, WJ
Williams, RA
AF Odum, Jack K.
Stephenson, William J.
Williams, Robert A.
TI Multisource, High-resolution Seismic-reflection Imaging of Meeman-Shelby
Fault and a Possible Tectonic Model for a Joiner Ridge-Manila High
Stepover Structure in the Upper Mississippi Embayment Region
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MADRID EARTHQUAKES; SEISMOTECTONIC IMPLICATIONS; REELFOOT LAKE; BIG
LAKE; ZONE; DEFORMATION; TENNESSEE; VALLEY; RIFT; RECURRENCE
C1 [Odum, Jack K.; Stephenson, William J.; Williams, Robert A.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Odum, JK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM odum@usgs.gov; wstephens@usgs.gov; rawilliams@usgs.gov
NR 48
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PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 4
BP 647
EP 663
DI 10.1785/gssrl.81.4.647
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 618NQ
UT WOS:000279363000010
ER
PT J
AU Mills, CT
Goldhaber, MB
AF Mills, Christopher T.
Goldhaber, Martin B.
TI On silica-based solid phase extraction techniques for isolating
microbial membrane phospholipids: Ensuring quantitative recovery of
phosphatidylcholine-derived fatty acids
SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Phospholipid fatty acids; PLFAs; Method; Solid phase extraction;
Microbial ecology; Stable carbon isotope fractionation
ID BACTERIA; CARBON; LIPIDS; BIOMARKERS; PATTERNS; SOILS
AB A silica-based solid phase extraction (SPE) protocol commonly used to isolate phospholipids from total lipid extracts failed to quantitatively recover phosphatidylcholines (PC) from three commercial SPE columns because a polar eluent volume of 5 mL methanol per 0.5 g silica was shown to be insufficient. Phosphatidylcholines, which are an important component of some fungal and bacterial cell membranes, were completely recovered when a larger ratio of 20:1 v/w methanol (mL) to silica (g) was used. Separation of phospholipids from a soil sample showed that a rnethanol:silica ratio of 20:1 recovered substantially greater amounts of phospholipids and resulted in a different phospholipid fatty acid (PLEA) structural profile than a 10:1 ratio. This study also confirmed that methanol preconditioning of the manufactured SPE columns studied is necessary for quantitative recovery of phospholipids. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Mills, Christopher T.; Goldhaber, Martin B.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Mills, CT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 964 Bldg 20, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM cmills@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geologic Survey Mendenhall
FX This work was supported by a U.S. Geologic Survey Mendenhall
Postdoctoral Fellowship to CTM. We thank Michael Pribil, Dr. JoAnn
Holloway, and two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments on a
previous version of the manuscript; and Drs. Linda Gunderson and Connie
Nutt for their help in establishing laboratory capabilities. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-0717
J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM
JI Soil Biol. Biochem.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 42
IS 7
BP 1179
EP 1182
DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.03.023
PG 4
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 608JM
UT WOS:000278579900024
ER
PT J
AU Li, SF
Yang, QL
Xu, JW
Wang, CH
Chapman, DC
Lu, GQ
AF Li, Si-Fa
Yang, Qin-Ling
Xu, Jia-Wei
Wang, Cheng-Hui
Chapman, Duane C.
Lu, Guoqing
TI Genetic Diversity and Variation of Mitochondrial DNA in Native and
Introduced Bighead Carp
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS-MOLITRIX; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA;
SILVER CARP; SEQUENCES; CHINA; POPULATIONS; EVOLUTION
AB The bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis is native to China but has been introduced to over 70 countries and is established in many large river systems. Genetic diversity and variation in introduced bighead carp have not previously been evaluated, and a systematic comparison among fish from different river systems was unavailable. In this study, 190 bighead carp specimens were sampled from five river systems in three countries (Yangtze, Pearl, and Amur rivers, China; Danube River, Hungary; Mississippi River basin, USA) and their mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene and D-loop region were sequenced (around 1,345 base pairs). Moderate genetic diversity was found in bighead carp, ranging from 0.0014 to 0.0043 for nucleotide diversity and from 0.6879 to 0.9333 for haplotype diversity. Haplotype analysis provided evidence that (1) multiple haplotype groups might be present among bighead carp, (2) bighead carp probably originated from the Yangtze River, and (3) bighead carp in the Mississippi River basin may have some genetic ancestry in the Danube River. The analysis of molecular variance showed significant genetic differentiation among these five populations but also revealed limited differentiation between the Yangtze and Amur River bighead carp. This large-scale study of bighead carp genetic diversity and variation provides the first global perspective of bighead carp in the context of biodiversity conservation as well as invasive species control and management.
C1 [Li, Si-Fa; Yang, Qin-Ling; Xu, Jia-Wei; Wang, Cheng-Hui] Shanghai Ocean Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Aquat Genet Resources & Utilizat, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China.
[Chapman, Duane C.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Lu, Guoqing] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA.
RP Li, SF (reprint author), Shanghai Ocean Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Aquat Genet Resources & Utilizat, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China.
EM sfli@shou.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30630051]; Shanghai
Leading Academic Discipline Project [Y1101]
FX The authors thank Minghu Tang and Lixia Fu (Hangjiang Chinese Farmed
Fish Farm, China), Kevin Irons (Illinois Natural History Survey), Mark
Pegg (University of Nebraska-Lincoln), Kirk Steffensen (Nebraska Game
and Parks Commission), James T. Lamer (Western Illinois University), and
Jeney Zsigmond (Research Institute for Fisheries Aquaculture and
Irrigation, Hungary) for their assistance with sample collection. We
thank James Fairchild and Catherine Richter for reviewing the
manuscript. We also acknowledge Mary Christman (University of
Nebraska-Omaha) for proofreading the final draft of this paper. This
research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant Number 30630051) and the Shanghai Leading Academic
Discipline Project (Grant Number Y1101).
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 4
BP 937
EP 946
DI 10.1577/T09-158.1
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 625FI
UT WOS:000279879700002
ER
PT J
AU Spencer, RC
Zydlewski, J
Zydlewski, G
AF Spencer, Randall C.
Zydlewski, Joseph
Zydlewski, Gayle
TI Migratory Urge and Gill Na+,K+-ATPase Activity of Hatchery-Reared
Atlantic Salmon Smolts from the Dennys and Penobscot River Stocks, Maine
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID GROWTH-HORMONE LEVELS; CHINOOK SALMON; BROWN TROUT; SALAR L;
ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; DOWNSTREAM MIGRATION; SEAWATER TOLERANCE;
SALINITY TOLERANCE; JUVENILE SALMON; TEMPERATURE
AB Hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts produced from captive-reared Dennys River and sea-run Penobscot River broodstock are released into their source rivers in Maine. The adult return rate of Dennys smolts is comparatively low, and disparity in smolt quality between stocks resulting from genetic or broodstock rearing effects is plausible. Smolt behavior and physiology were assessed during sequential 14-d trials conducted in seminatural annular tanks with circular flow. "Migratory urge'' (downstream movement) was monitored remotely using passive integrated transponder tags, and gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity was measured at the beginning and end of the trials to provide an index of smolt development. The migratory urge of both stocks was low in early April, increased 20-fold through late May, and declined by the end of June. The frequency and seasonal distribution of downstream movement were independent of stock. In March and April, initial gill Na+,K+-ATPase activities of Penobscot River smolts were lower than those of Dennys River smolts. For these trials, however, Penobscot River smolts increased enzyme activity after exposure to the tank, whereas Dennys River smolts did not, resulting in similar activities between stocks at the end of all trials. There was no clear relationship between migratory urge and gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity. Gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity of both stocks increased in advance of migratory urge and then declined while migratory urge was increasing. Maximum movement was observed from 2 h after sunset through 1 h after sunrise but varied seasonally. Dennys River smolts were slightly more nocturnal than Penobscot River smolts. These data suggest that Dennys and Penobscot River stocks are not markedly different in either physiological or behavioral expression of smolting.
C1 [Zydlewski, Joseph] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Spencer, Randall C.] Univ Maine, Dept Biol Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Zydlewski, Gayle] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP Zydlewski, J (reprint author), Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM jzydlewski@usgs.gov
FU Maine Department of Marine Resources, U.S. Geological Survey - Maine
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; University of Maine, Orono;
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX This research was supported by the Maine Department of Marine Resources,
U.S. Geological Survey - Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit, the University of Maine, Orono, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service. We thank the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Green Lake National
Fish Hatchery staff for technical and logistical assistance, Scott
Woodruff for computer programming assistance, and reviewers James
McCleave, William Halteman, and Joan Trial. Mention of trade names does
not indicate endorsement by these entities or the U.S. government.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 4
BP 947
EP 956
DI 10.1577/T09-063.1
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 625FI
UT WOS:000279879700003
ER
PT J
AU Stone, DM
AF Stone, Dennis M.
TI Overriding Effects of Species-Specific Turbidity Thresholds on Hoop-Net
Catch Rates of Native Fishes in the Little Colorado River, Arizona
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ENDANGERED HUMPBACK CHUB; SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; GRAND-CANYON;
BROOK TROUT; REACTIVE DISTANCE; GILA-CYPHA; ANTIPREDATOR BEHAVIOR;
FORAGING SUCCESS; PREY CONSUMPTION; POPULATION
AB I examined the effects of turbidity, discharge, and temperature on hoop-net catch rates of native humpback chub Gila cypha, speckled dace Rhinichthys osculus, flannelmouth suckers Catostomus latipinnis, and bluehead suckers C. discobolus in the Little Colorado River, Arizona. Results indicated that native fish catch rates were primarily influenced by whether turbidity levels were below or above species-specific thresholds of approximately 545 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) for humpback chub, 221 NTU for speckled dace, 846 NTU for flannelmouth suckers, and 70 NTU for bluehead suckers. The effects of discharge were negligible, but discharge did dictate the turbidity level. Turbidity levels at hoop-net deployment relative to the turbidity thresholds predetermined much of the catchability of fish. Catch rates were highest in a high-catch zone consisting of the lowermost turbidities, which ranged up to the start of a transition zone for each species (humpback chub, <= 54 NTU; speckled dace, <= 29 NTU; flannelmouth sucker, <= 81 NTU; bluehead sucker, <= 26 NTU), and the secondary effects of temperature were only detectable in this zone. Catch rates within the transition zone decreased at higher turbidities up to the thresholds and thereafter remained consistently low at all higher turbidities within this low-catch zone. The effects of the turbidity thresholds on catch rates decreased for larger fish of all species. Theoretically, the effects of turbidity reflect a behavioral switch by native fishes from relying primarily on structural cover (e. g., hoop nets) to using turbidity as cover to reduce the predation risk as turbidity increases from below to above the thresholds. Moreover, turbidities within the low-catch zone could be totally incapacitating the fishes' visual capabilities such that fish perceive these turbidity levels as unlimited visual cover. The turbidity threshold concept probably applies to the hoop-net catch rates of other fishes in other riverine systems.
C1 US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA.
RP Stone, DM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, POB 338, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA.
EM Dennis_Stone@fws.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center
[01-3022-R1009]
FX I thank D. Wesley, D. Van Haverbeke, J. David, P. Sponholtz, J. Walters,
and 106 other biologists for field assistance; B. Burch, C. Walters, J.
Korman, L. Coggins, and M. Kearsley for statistical support; T. Gushue
for creating the map; N. Voichick for providing the temperature data; M.
Santee for helicopter transport; and C. Walters, L. Coggins, S. Jacks,
and four anonymous reviewers for remarks that greatly improved this
manuscript. Permits to conduct this research and handle endangered
fishes were provided by the Arizona Game and Fish Department, Navajo
Fish and Wildlife Department, U.S. National Park Service, and USFWS
(Federal Endangered Species Permit Number TE676811-0). Funding was
provided by the U.S. Geological Survey's Grand Canyon Monitoring and
Research Center (Interagency Agreement Number 01-3022-R1009). The views
expressed in this article are mine and do not necessarily reflect those
of the USFWS or other agencies. Reference to trade names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 70
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PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 4
BP 1150
EP 1170
DI 10.1577/T09-038.1
PG 21
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 625FI
UT WOS:000279879700019
ER
PT J
AU Brown, PJ
Bozek, MA
AF Brown, Peter James
Bozek, Michael Anthony
TI Habitat Selection and Abundance of Young-of-Year Smallmouth Bass in
North Temperate Lakes
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROPTERUS-DOLOMIEUI; NESTING SUCCESS; FISH; RESERVOIR; STREAM
AB Habitat use during early life history plays an important role in the ecology of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu in north temperate lakes. The highest levels of mortality occur during the first year of life, and the habitat selected probably affects mortality. We used resource selection functions and abundance data from two northern Wisconsin lakes to determine the habitats that influence the survival of smallmouth bass. Coarse substrates were consistently important to both nesting locations and young-of-year smallmouth bass. Young smallmouth bass used woody structure after swimming from their nests but disassociated themselves from habitats with more complex woody structure by August. Nonwoody cobble areas offer protection for young-of-year smallmouth bass without attracting predators, as woody habitats do. The decline in the abundance of young-of-year smallmouth bass was best fit to an exponential decay function in woody habitats, but in rock habitats it was linear. Habitat selection by young-of-year smallmouth bass shifts over time, and the shift is linked to predation risk: woody habitats initially offer them an advantage with respect to spawning but eventually provide their predators greater opportunities for ambush. This shift underscores the importance of having a diversity of littoral habitats. This study provides the first quantifiable analyses describing the habitat features selected by young-of-year smallmouth bass and links these descriptions to population dynamics.
C1 [Brown, Peter James; Bozek, Michael Anthony] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Coll Nat Resources, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
RP Brown, PJ (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM pbrown@montana.edu
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PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 4
BP 1247
EP 1260
DI 10.1577/T09-049.1
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 625FI
UT WOS:000279879700025
ER
PT J
AU Drevnick, PE
Shinneman, ALC
Lamborg, CH
Engstrom, DR
Bothner, MH
Oris, JT
AF Drevnick, Paul E.
Shinneman, Avery L. C.
Lamborg, Carl H.
Engstrom, Daniel R.
Bothner, Michael H.
Oris, James T.
TI Mercury Flux to Sediments of Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada
SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; Sediment; Lake Tahoe; Alpine
ID ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; AQUATIC SYSTEMS; DEPOSITION; PB-210; USA; AMERICA;
RECORD; SILVER; BASIN; GOLD
AB We report estimates of mercury (Hg) flux to the sediments of Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada: 2 and 15-20 A mu g/m(2)/year in preindustrial and modern sediments, respectively. These values result in a modern to preindustrial flux ratio of 7.5-10, which is similar to flux ratios recently reported for other alpine lakes in California, and greater than the value of 3 typically seen worldwide. We offer plausible hypotheses to explain the high flux ratios, including (1) proportionally less photoreduction and evasion of Hg with the onset of cultural eutrophication and (2) a combination of enhanced regional oxidation of gaseous elemental Hg and transport of the resulting reactive gaseous Hg to the surface with nightly downslope flows of air. If either of these mechanisms is correct, it could lead to local/regional solutions to lessen the impact of globally increasing anthropogenic emissions of Hg on Lake Tahoe and other alpine ecosystems.
C1 [Drevnick, Paul E.; Oris, James T.] Miami Univ, Dept Zool, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
[Drevnick, Paul E.; Lamborg, Carl H.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Drevnick, Paul E.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
[Shinneman, Avery L. C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Geol & Geophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Engstrom, Daniel R.] Sci Museum Minnesota, St Croix Watershed Res Stn, Marine St Croix, MN 55047 USA.
[Bothner, Michael H.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Drevnick, PE (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
EM paul.drevnick@ete.inrs.ca
OI Drevnick, Paul/0000-0003-2843-9720
FU Miami University; EPA-STAR; Postdoctoral Scholar Program at Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution; USGS
FX Brant Allen, Aaron Roberts, Brent Yelle, and Michael Casso helped with
field and lab work. John Crusius and Nelson O'Driscoll gave useful
advice for sediment and evasion modeling, respectively. Funding was
provided by Miami University, EPA-STAR, the Postdoctoral Scholar Program
at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and the USGS.
NR 49
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0049-6979
J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL
JI Water Air Soil Pollut.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 210
IS 1-4
BP 399
EP 407
DI 10.1007/s11270-009-0262-y
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
GA 609YU
UT WOS:000278695600036
ER
PT J
AU Eads, DA
Chipault, JG
Biggins, DE
Livieri, TM
Millspaugh, JJ
AF Eads, David A.
Chipault, Jennifer G.
Biggins, Dean E.
Livieri, Travis M.
Millspaugh, Joshua J.
TI NIGHTTIME ABOVEGROUND MOVEMENTS BY PRAIRIE DOGS ON COLONIES INHABITED BY
BLACK-FOOTED FERRETS
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
DE prairie dog; Cynomys; black-footed ferret; Mustela nigripes;
antipredator behavior; predator-prey relationships
ID CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; FOOD-HABITS; BEHAVIOR
AB We describe observations of black-tailed prairie clogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) emerging aboveground at night, apparently in response to wild-born and captive-born black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) in South Dakota and New Mexico, respectively. kW: also discuss other similar observations accumulated on black-tailed prairie clog colonies as well as observations of white-tailed prairie clogs (Cynomys leucurus) making nighttime movements, apparently in response to pre-reintroduction ferrets in Wyoming. Our observations suggest that, in addition to documented daytime defenses against ferrets, prairie clogs reduce vulnerability to predation by ferrets by using evasive movements at night.
C1 [Eads, David A.; Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Chipault, Jennifer G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Biggins, Dean E.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Livieri, Travis M.] Prairie Wildlife Res, Wellington, CO 80549 USA.
RP Eads, DA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM david.eads@colostate.edu
FU South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; University of Missouri;
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(Conata Basin); Turner Endangered Species Fund (Vermejo Park Ranch); S.
and D. Webb
FX We thank the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; the
University of Missouri; the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Conata Basin); and the Turner Endangered
Species Fund (Vermejo Park Ranch) for funding the research that made
these observations possible. DAE was also supported by S. and D. Webb.
Observations of nighttime black-tailed prairie dog movements were
greatly enhanced by field help from D. Marsh and D.L. Eads (Conata
Basin) and from K.A. Montgomery (Vermejo Park Ranch). We appreciate the
help of B.J. Miller, D.S. Jachowski, and J.L. Hoogland, who provided
details of their observations. We also appreciate the constructive
reviews and comments of J.L. Hoogland, J.C. Truett, D.S. Jachowski, and
an anonymous reviewer, and discussions with D.H. Long, S.L. Eads, ME
Chipault, T.R. Eads, and D.L. Eads.
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 16
PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 70
IS 2
BP 261
EP 265
DI 10.3398/064.070.0218
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 632RE
UT WOS:000280444400018
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, H
Fend, SV
Gustafson, DL
De Wit, P
Erseus, C
AF Zhou, Hong
Fend, Steven V.
Gustafson, Daniel L.
De Wit, Pierre
Erseus, Christer
TI Molecular phylogeny of Nearctic species of Rhynchelmis (Annelida)
SO ZOOLOGICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; COI GENES; LUMBRICULIDAE; OLIGOCHAETA;
MITOCHONDRIAL; CLITELLATA; TUBIFICIDAE; SPECIATION; INFERENCE; PITFALLS
AB The Nearctic species of Rhynchelmis (Clitellata, Lumbriculidae) are known primarily from cool-water habitats in western North America. Their taxonomy has so far been based on limited collections from isolated localities, using intuitive assessment of morphological characters. This approach has proved unsatisfactory when additional populations of closely related species were sampled and scrutinized for incorporation in the present classification. Therefore, in this study, mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S rDNA) and nuclear internal transcriber spacer (ITS rDNA) genes were analysed as phylogenetic markers of Nearctic Rhynchelmis species. A combined approach with all the three gene regions provided a better resolution than any of the individual genes by itself. The genes demonstrated monophyly of all major groupings proposed on the morphological basis. Within the Rhynchelmis yakimorum complex, however, the genetic data and distribution suggested that two clades initially referred to as a 'R. yakimorum variant 1', one from the lower Snake River drainage in Idaho and one from southern coastal Oregon, might represent two separate species. On the other hand, the sympatric distribution and low genetic distance between Rhynchelmis gustafsoni and a form tentatively identified as 'R. cf. yakimorum' (both collected in eastern Idaho) indicated conspecific status. This study also showed that the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, which may be informative of recent and on-going speciation and useful for species discrimination (as a DNA barcode), is less suitable as a single molecular marker for phylogenetic inference. Regardless of whether one deals with very closely related species (such as those of the yakimorum complex), with taxa with a wide and disjunct distribution (such as Rhynchelmis rostrata), or with more distantly related species, COI data should be supplemented by other genetic markers as well as morphological and biogeographical information.
C1 [Zhou, Hong; De Wit, Pierre; Erseus, Christer] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Zool, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Fend, Steven V.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Gustafson, Daniel L.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Erseus, C (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, Dept Zool, Box 463, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
EM hzhou@ouc.edu.cn; svfend@usgs.gov; dlg@rapid.msu.montana.edu;
pierre.de_wit@zool.gu.se; christer.erseus@zool.gu.se
FU Swedish Research Council [621-2004-2397]
FX This study was supported by the Swedish Research Council (grant
#621-2004-2397 to CE). We are grateful to Stefan Lundberg, Swedish
Museum of Natural History, for providing specimens, to Anna Ansebo,
Department of Zoology, University of Gothenburg, for technical
assistance, and to two anonymous reviewers for excellent suggestions for
improvement of the manuscript.
NR 42
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0300-3256
EI 1463-6409
J9 ZOOL SCR
JI Zool. Scr.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 4
BP 378
EP 393
DI 10.1111/j.1463-6409.2010.00429.x
PG 16
WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
GA 608ZS
UT WOS:000278625100005
ER
PT J
AU Velazco, PM
Gardner, AL
Patterson, BD
AF Velazco, Paul M.
Gardner, Alfred L.
Patterson, Bruce D.
TI Systematics of the Platyrrhinus helleri species complex (Chiroptera:
Phyllostomidae), with descriptions of two new species
SO ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Neotropics; bats; geometric morphometrics; molecular; morphology
ID GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS; SHAPE; PHYLOGENETICS; BATS
AB Platyrrhinus is a diverse genus of small to large phyllostomid bats characterized by a comparatively narrow uropatagium thickly fringed with hair, a white dorsal stripe, comparatively large inner upper incisors that are convergent at the tips, and three upper and three lower molars. Eighteen species are currently recognized, the majority occurring in the Andes. Molecular, morphological, and morphometric analyses of specimens formerly identified as Platyrrhinus helleri support recognition of Platyrrhinus incarum as a separate species and reveal the presence of two species from western and northern South America that we describe herein as new (Platyrrhinus angustirostris sp. nov. from eastern Colombia and Ecuador, north-eastern Peru, and Venezuela and Platyrrhinus fusciventris sp. nov. from Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Trinidad and Tobago, northern Brazil, eastern Ecuador, and southern Venezuela). These two new species are sister taxa and, in turn, sister to Platyrrhinus incarum. (C) 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 159, 785-812. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00610.x
C1 [Velazco, Paul M.; Patterson, Bruce D.] Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Zool, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
[Velazco, Paul M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Gardner, Alfred L.] Smithsonian Inst, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 111, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Velazco, PM (reprint author), Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mammal, Cent Pk W & 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA.
EM pvelazco@amnh.org
OI Patterson, Bruce D./0000-0002-2249-7260
FU Pritzker Foundation; American Society of Mammalogists; Ellen Thorne
Smith Fund; Barbara E. Brown Fund for Mammal Research; Lester Armour
Graduate Fellowship; Smithsonian Institution; Ernest Mayr Travel Grant
in Animal Systematics; University of Illinois at Chicago
FX This study was part of P. M. V.'s dissertation submitted to the
University of Illinois at Chicago as partial fulfilment of his doctoral
degree. P. M. V. thanks committee members M. Ashley, H. F. Howe, R.
Mason-Gamer, R. H. Ree, and B. D. Patterson. The following curators and
collection staff graciously provided access to specimens and tissues
under their care: Nancy B. Simmons, Julie Feinstein (the Ambrose Monell
Cryo Collection at the AMNH); Daphne M. Hills and Paula Jenkins (BMNH);
Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca, Raquel Texeira de Moura, Valeria C. Tavares,
Yuri Leite, and Leonora Pires Costa (DZ-UFMG); Bill Stanley and John
Phelps (FMNH); J. Enrique Castillo (IAvH-M); Yaneth Munoz-Saba (ICN);
Robb T. Brumfield, Donna L. Dittmann (LSUMZ, Collection of Genetic
Resources); Judith Chupasko (MCZ); Victor Pacheco (MUSM); James L.
Patton, Carla Cicero (MVZ); Judith L. Eger, Burton K. Lim (ROM); Robert
J. Baker, Heath J. Garner (TTU, TK); Philip Myers (UMMZ); Linda K.
Gordon, James G. Mead (USNM), and Suzanne C. Peurach (USGS-PWRC); Oscar
Murillo Garcia (UV); Hendrik Turni and Robert Asher (ZMB). Sequencing
was carried out in the Field Museum's Pritzker Laboratory for Molecular
Systematics and Evolution, operated with support from the Pritzker
Foundation. Photographs of skulls (Figs 6-8) were taken by Cristian
Martinez with a Microptics ML Macro XLT digital imaging system. Betty
Strack (FMNH) assisted with the scanning electron microscope
photography. Valeria C. Tavares provided measurements for some Brazilian
specimens. Robert Reynolds and two anonymous reviewers provided valuable
comments, suggestions, and additional insights on an earlier version of
this manuscript that greatly improved the quality of the final work. All
experimental protocols involving mammals were approved by the University
of Illinois at Chicago Institutional Animal Care Committee, approval
code ACC no. 06-146. Many of the specimens were collected with NSF
support (DEB 9870191 to Bruce D. Patterson and colleagues; OISE 0630149
to B. D. P. and P. M. V.). The research was also supported by a
Grant-in-Aid of Research from the American Society of Mammalogists, the
Ellen Thorne Smith Fund (FMNH), Barbara E. Brown Fund for Mammal
Research (FMNH), the Lester Armour Graduate Fellowship (FMNH), the
Smithsonian Institution Pre-doctoral Fellowship (USNM), Ernest Mayr
Travel Grant in Animal Systematics (MCZ), The Albert R. and Alma Shadle
Fellowship in Mammalogy from the American Society of Mammalogists, and
the Provost's Award for Graduate Research from the University of
Illinois at Chicago.
NR 33
TC 20
Z9 30
U1 3
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0024-4082
J9 ZOOL J LINN SOC-LOND
JI Zool. J. Linn. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 159
IS 3
BP 785
EP 812
DI 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00610.x
PG 28
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 627RE
UT WOS:000280058500006
ER
PT J
AU Loperfido, JV
Just, CL
Papanicolaou, AN
Schnoor, JL
AF Loperfido, J. V.
Just, Craig L.
Papanicolaou, Athanasios N.
Schnoor, Jerald L.
TI In situ sensing to understand diel turbidity cycles, suspended solids,
and nutrient transport in Clear Creek, Iowa
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID CLAY DISCHARGES; SEDIMENT; STREAMS; VARIABILITY; KAOLINITE; BULLHEAD; PH
AB Recent advances in sensor technology have made high-frequency environmental data readily available. In this study, high-frequency monitoring of turbidity revealed diel turbidity cycles with peak values during the nighttime and lower values occurring during daytime. Particles responsible for these cycles were fixed suspended solids consisting mostly of aluminosilicates (clay particles) emanating from bed sediments. High-frequency data were used to investigate the transport of total suspended solids (TSS) during base flow. A majority of the base flow TSS loading occurred during the nighttime in a small agricultural catchment in Iowa, United States. Elevated nighttime turbidity coincided with an increased total suspended phosphorus loading during nighttime. Bioturbation, as a result of nocturnal feeding of fishes, is the suspected cause of the diel turbidity cycles. High-frequency monitoring was also used to detect TSS loading during storm events. Results from this study highlight the importance of high frequency environmental measurements to reveal and understand biogeochemical transport phenomena.
C1 [Loperfido, J. V.; Just, Craig L.; Papanicolaou, Athanasios N.; Schnoor, Jerald L.] Univ Iowa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Loperfido, J. V.; Just, Craig L.; Papanicolaou, Athanasios N.; Schnoor, Jerald L.] Univ Iowa, Coll Engn, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Loperfido, JV (reprint author), USGS, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 521, Reston, VA USA.
EM jloperfido@usgs.gov
RI Just, Craig/J-4207-2012
FU NSF under the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; University of
California, Santa Barbara; Iowa Water Center, Iowa State University
FX This work was conducted at the Center for Global and Regional
Environmental Research at the University of Iowa. It was supported by
the NSF CLEANER and WATERS Network Project Office under subcontracts
with the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and the University
of California, Santa Barbara, and also by a research grant from the Iowa
Water Center, Iowa State University. The authors would like to thank
Michelle M. Scherer and Richard L. Valentine for insightful discussions;
Ozan Abaci, Andrew J. Craig, and Christopher G. Wilson for assistance
and access to the SAC sensing station; Jean Ross from UI Central
Microscopy; Christopher A. Gorski, Robert M. Handler, and Drew E. Latta
for assistance with microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses; and the
three reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.
NR 33
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 27
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD JUN 30
PY 2010
VL 46
AR W06525
DI 10.1029/2009WR008293
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 620VZ
UT WOS:000279530700001
ER
PT J
AU Dundas, CM
Keszthelyi, LP
Bray, VJ
McEwen, AS
AF Dundas, Colin M.
Keszthelyi, Laszlo P.
Bray, Veronica J.
McEwen, Alfred S.
TI Role of material properties in the cratering record of young
platy-ridged lava on Mars
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATHABASCA VALLES; IMPACT CRATERS; DEEP IMPACT; EQUATOR; EJECTA; ICE
AB Platy-ridged surfaces in the Elysium Planitia region of Mars exhibit different crater densities on rafted plates and polygonally patterned areas between them. Rather than being indicative of different ages, these differences provide insight into the variable strength of different types of lava surface. The sizes of small craters, and the resulting size-frequency distribution (SFD), depend on the material strength of target surfaces. Brecciated lava surfaces are likely to have higher crater densities than coherent lava. Citation: Dundas, C. M., L. P. Keszthelyi, V.J. Bray, and A. S. McEwen (2010), Role of material properties in the cratering record of young platy-ridged lava on Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L12203, doi:10.1029/2010GL042869.
C1 [Dundas, Colin M.; Bray, Veronica J.; McEwen, Alfred S.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Keszthelyi, Laszlo P.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Dundas, CM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, 1541 E Univ Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM colind@lpl.arizona.edu
OI Dundas, Colin/0000-0003-2343-7224
FU Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Project; Mars Data Analysis Program
FX We thank Kevin Housen and Boris Ivanov for helpful reviews, and the Mars
Reconnaissance Orbiter Project and the Mars Data Analysis Program for
funding.
NR 25
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUN 29
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L12203
DI 10.1029/2010GL042869
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 620JW
UT WOS:000279496900001
ER
PT J
AU Musgrove, M
Stern, LA
Banner, JL
AF Musgrove, M.
Stern, L. A.
Banner, J. L.
TI Springwater geochemistry at Honey Creek State Natural Area, central
Texas: Implications for surface water and groundwater interaction in a
karst aquifer
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Strontium isotopes; Edwards aquifer; Water-rock interaction;
Hydrogeochemistry
ID SALINE GROUNDWATERS; EDWARDS AQUIFER; SR-87/SR-86; EVOLUTION; CLIMATE;
HYDROCHEMISTRY; CONSTRAINTS; DIAGENESIS; STREAMFLOW; RANGELANDS
AB A two and a half year study of two adjacent watersheds at the Honey Creek State Natural Area (HCSNA) in central Texas was undertaken to evaluate spatial and temporal variations in spnngwater geochemistry, geochemical evolution processes, and potential effects of brush control on karst watershed hydrology. The watersheds are geologically and geomorphologically similar, and each has springs discharging into Honey Creek, a tributary to the Guadalupe River Springwater geochemistry is considered in a regional context of aquifer components including soil water, cave dripwater, springwater, and phreatic groundwater. Isotopic and trace element variability allows us to identify both vadose and phreatic groundwater contributions to surface water in Honey Creek. Spatial and temporal geochemical data for six springs reveal systematic differences between the two watersheds. Springwater Sr isotope values lie between values for the limestone bedrock and soils at HCSNA, reflecting a balance between these two primary sources of Sr. Sr Isotope values for springs within each watershed are consistent with differences between soil compositions. At some of the springs, consistent temporal variability in springwater geochemistry (Sr isotopes, Mg/Ca, and Sr/Ca values) appears to reflect changes in climatic and hydrologic parameters (rainfall/recharge) that affect watershed processes Springwater geochemistry was unaffected by brush removal at the scale of the HCSNA study. Results of this study build on previous regional studies to provide insight into watershed hydrology and regional hydrologic processes, including connections between surface water, vadose groundwater, and phreatic groundwater. Published by Elsevier B V.
C1 [Musgrove, M.] US Geol Survey, Texas Water Sci Ctr, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
[Musgrove, M.; Stern, L. A.; Banner, J. L.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Stern, L. A.] Fed Bur Invest Lab CFSRU, Quantico, VA 22135 USA.
RP Musgrove, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Texas Water Sci Ctr, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
RI Banner, Jay/C-8676-2011;
OI musgrove, marylynn/0000-0003-1607-3864
NR 67
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD JUN 25
PY 2010
VL 388
IS 1-2
BP 144
EP 156
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.04.036
PG 13
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 621HZ
UT WOS:000279568100013
ER
PT J
AU Roeloffs, E
AF Roeloffs, Evelyn
TI Tidal calibration of Plate Boundary Observatory borehole strainmeters:
Roles of vertical and shear coupling
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID STATES-OF-AMERICA; EARTHQUAKE; PARAMETERS; FAULT
AB A multicomponent borehole strainmeter directly measures changes in the diameter of its cylindrical housing at several azimuths. To transform these measurements to formation strains requires a calibration matrix, which must be estimated by analyzing the installed strainmeter's response to known strains. Typically, theoretical calculations of Earth tidal strains serve as the known strains. This paper carries out such an analysis for 12 Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) borehole strainmeters, postulating that each of the strainmeters' four gauges responds ("couples") to all three horizontal components of the formation strain tensor, as well as to vertical strain. Orientation corrections are also estimated. The fourth extensometer in each PBO strainmeter provides redundant information used to reduce the chance that coupling coefficients could be misleadingly fit to inappropriate theoretical tides. Satisfactory fits between observed and theoretically calculated tides were obtained for three PBO strainmeters in California, where the calculated tides are corroborated by other instrumentation, as well as for six strainmeters in Oregon and Washington, where no other instruments have ever recorded Earth tidal strain. Several strainmeters have unexpectedly large coupling coefficients for vertical strain, which increases the strainmeter's response to atmospheric pressure. Vertical coupling diminishes, or even changes the sign of, the apparent response to areal strain caused by Earth tides or deep Earth processes because near the free surface, vertical strains are opposite in sign to areal strain. Vertical coupling does not impair the shear strain response, however. PBO borehole strainmeters can provide calibrated shear strain time series of transient strain associated with tectonic or magmatic processes.
C1 US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Roeloffs, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1300 SE Cardinal Ct, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM evelynr@usgs.gov
FU National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program
FX I acknowledge EarthScope and its sponsor, the National Science
Foundation, for providing data products used in this study. I also thank
the UNAVCO PBO borehole strainmeter team for their thorough and prompt
answers to numerous questions. Helpful discussions with Duncan Agnew and
Michael Gladwin are gratefully acknowledged. Detailed reviews by John
Beavan, Nick Beeler, Kathleen Hodgkinson, John Langbein, Michael
Lisowski, Wendy McCausland, and an anonymous reviewer provided
invaluable guidance for improving the manuscript. Some figures were
prepared using the gnuplot (copyright, Free Software Foundation) and GMT
[Wessel and Smith, 1998] software packages. This work was supported by
the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program.
NR 20
TC 23
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JUN 24
PY 2010
VL 115
AR B06405
DI 10.1029/2009JB006407
PG 25
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 617WV
UT WOS:000279313500003
ER
PT J
AU Iverson, NR
Mann, JE
Iverson, RM
AF Iverson, Neal R.
Mann, Janet E.
Iverson, Richard M.
TI Effects of soil aggregates on debris-flow mobilization: Results from
ring-shear experiments
SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Soil; Debris flows; Aggregates; Ring-shear; Porosity
ID PORE-PRESSURE; GRANULAR-MATERIALS; TILL DEFORMATION; LANDSLIDES;
BEHAVIOR; TESTS; APPARATUS; STRENGTH; STRAIN; SAND
AB Rates and styles of landslide motion are sensitive to pore-water pressure changes caused by changes in soil porosity accompanying shear deformation. Soil may either contract or dilate upon shearing, depending upon whether its initial porosity is greater or less, respectively, than a critical-state porosity attained after sufficiently high strain. We observed complications in this behavior, however, during rate-controlled (0.02 m s(-1)) ring-shear experiments conducted on naturally aggregated dense loamy sand at low confining stresses (10.6 and 40 kPa). The aggregated soil first dilated and then contracted to porosities less than initial values, whereas the same soil with its aggregates destroyed monotonically dilated. We infer that aggregates persisted initially during shear and caused dilation before their eventual breakdown enabled net contraction. An implication of this contraction, demonstrated in experiments in which initial soil porosity was varied, is that the value of porosity distinguishing initially contractive from dilative behavior can be significantly larger than the critical-state porosity, which develops only after disaggregation ceases at high strains. In addition, post-dilative contraction may produce excess pore pressures, thereby reducing frictional strength and facilitating debris-flow mobilization. We infer that results of triaxial tests, which generally produce strains at least a factor of similar to 4 smaller than those we observed at the inception of post-dilative contraction, do not allow soil contraction to be ruled out as a mechanism for debris-flow mobilization in dense soils containing aggregates. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Iverson, Neal R.; Mann, Janet E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Iverson, Richard M.] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Iverson, NR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM niverson@iastate.edu; riverson@usgs.gov
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-9803991]
FX This work was supported by a grant from the U.S. National Science
Foundation: EAR-9803991. We thank M. Riemer for conducting the CSD test
and W.H. Schulz and J.W. Kean for helpful criticism.
NR 35
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U1 4
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0013-7952
J9 ENG GEOL
JI Eng. Geol.
PD JUN 23
PY 2010
VL 114
IS 1-2
BP 84
EP 92
DI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.04.006
PG 9
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA 622LZ
UT WOS:000279666600009
ER
PT J
AU Cornwall, C
Titus, TN
AF Cornwall, C.
Titus, T. N.
TI A comparison of Martian north and south polar cold spots and the
long-term effects of the 2001 global dust storm
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID ORBITER LASER ALTIMETER; CO2 ICE; MARS; ATMOSPHERE; SURFACE; CLOUDS;
TES; TEMPERATURES; SIMULATION; BEHAVIOR
AB In the 1970s, Viking and Mariner observed areas in the polar regions of Mars with winter brightness temperatures below the expected kinetic temperatures for CO(2) ice sublimation. These areas have since been termed "cold spots" and have been identified as surface deposits of CO(2) atmospheric condensates and, occasionally, active CO(2) storms. Three Mars years of data from the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer were used to observe autumn and winter cold spot activity. In this study, cold spots that occur near and on the southern perennial cap were compared to those found near or on the northern perennial cap. On the southern perennial cap, cold spots associated with topographic features (induced by orographic lifting) were less common than cold spots independent of topography, similar to the north. However, the cold spots in the south lasted longer than those observed in the north. There is also evidence that cold spot formation in the south was affected by the global dust storm of 2001, even though the dust storm occurred during the southern spring and summer seasons. Prior to the dust storm, the amount of overall cold spot activity closer to the perennial cap increased and the average CO(2) grain size for most of the cold spots increased as well. Following the dust storm, the majority of cold spots in the south increased in size and duration but they did not form north of 62 degrees S latitude, whereas, in other years, cold spots formed as far north as 48 degrees S.
C1 [Cornwall, C.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Geol, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Cornwall, C.; Titus, T. N.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Cornwall, C (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Geol, POB 4099, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM cc269@nau.edu
FU NASA
FX We would like to thank Windy Jaeger, Greg Vaughan, Janet Richie, Jenny
Blue, and two anonymous reviewers for their edits and comments. This
study was partially funded by the NASA Space Grant Program.
NR 26
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD JUN 23
PY 2010
VL 115
AR E06011
DI 10.1029/2009JE003514
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 617WP
UT WOS:000279312900001
ER
PT J
AU Henaux, V
Samuel, MD
Bunck, CM
AF Henaux, Viviane
Samuel, Michael D.
Bunck, Christine M.
TI Model-Based Evaluation of Highly and Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza
Dynamics in Wild Birds
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID A VIRUS; NORTH-AMERICA; MIGRATORY BIRDS; SOUTH-KOREA; HONG-KONG; DUCKS;
H5N1; WATERFOWL; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TRANSMISSION
AB There is growing interest in avian influenza (AI) epidemiology to predict disease risk in wild and domestic birds, and prevent transmission to humans. However, understanding the epidemic dynamics of highly pathogenic (HPAI) viruses remains challenging because they have rarely been detected in wild birds. We used modeling to integrate available scientific information from laboratory and field studies, evaluate AI dynamics in individual hosts and waterfowl populations, and identify key areas for future research. We developed a Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model and used published laboratory challenge studies to estimate epidemiological parameters (rate of infection, latency period, recovery and mortality rates), considering the importance of age classes, and virus pathogenicity. Infectious contact leads to infection and virus shedding within 1-2 days, followed by relatively slower period for recovery or mortality. We found a shorter infectious period for HPAI than low pathogenic (LP) AI, which may explain that HPAI has been much harder to detect than LPAI during surveillance programs. Our model predicted a rapid LPAI epidemic curve, with a median duration of infection of 50-60 days and no fatalities. In contrast, HPAI dynamics had lower prevalence and higher mortality, especially in young birds. Based on field data from LPAI studies, our model suggests to increase surveillance for HPAI in post-breeding areas, because the presence of immunologically naive young birds is predicted to cause higher HPAI prevalence and bird losses during this season. Our results indicate a better understanding of the transmission, infection, and immunity-related processes is required to refine predictions of AI risk and spread, improve surveillance for HPAI in wild birds, and develop disease control strategies to reduce potential transmission to domestic birds and/or humans.
C1 [Henaux, Viviane] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Samuel, Michael D.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI USA.
[Bunck, Christine M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
RP Henaux, V (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM henaux@wisc.edu
RI Owen, Jen/B-3148-2013
OI Owen, Jen/0000-0003-1383-4816
FU United States Geological Survey (USGS) [MSN105937, 1434-03HQRU1511/105]
FX This work was funded by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) to
University of Wisconsin - Madison, under grant ID: MSN105937, number:
1434-03HQRU1511/105. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 59
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 13
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUN 23
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 6
AR e10997
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0010997
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 615KY
UT WOS:000279135400001
PM 20585637
ER
PT J
AU Risley, JC
Constantz, J
Essaid, H
Rounds, S
AF Risley, John C.
Constantz, Jim
Essaid, Hedeff
Rounds, Stewart
TI Effects of upstream dams versus groundwater pumping on stream
temperature under varying climate conditions
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID DYNAMICS; RIVER
AB The relative impact of a large upstream dam versus in-reach groundwater pumping on stream temperatures was analyzed for humid, semiarid, and arid conditions with long dry seasons to represent typical climate regions where large dams are present, such as the western United States or eastern Australia. Stream temperatures were simulated using the CE-QUAL-W2 water quality model over a 110 km model grid, with the presence or absence of a dam at the top of the reach and pumping in the lower 60 km of the reach. Measured meteorological data from three representative locations were used as model input to simulate the impact of varying climate conditions on streamflow and stream temperature. For each climate condition four hypothetical streamflow scenarios were modeled: (1) natural (no dam or pumping), (2) large upstream dam present, (3) dam with in-reach pumping, and (4) no dam with pumping, resulting in 12 cases. Dam removal, in the presence or absence of pumping, resulted in significant changes in stream temperature throughout the year for all three climate conditions. From March to August, the presence of a dam caused monthly mean stream temperatures to decrease on average by approximately 3.0 degrees C, 2.5 degrees C, and 2.0 degrees C for the humid, semiarid, and arid conditions, respectively; however, stream temperatures generally increased from September to February. Pumping caused stream temperatures to warm in summer and cool in winter by generally less than 0.5 degrees C because of a smaller pumping-induced alteration in streamflow relative to the dam. Though the presence or absence of a large dam led to greater changes in stream temperature than the presence or absence of pumping, ephemeral conditions were increased both temporally and spatially because of pumping.
C1 [Risley, John C.; Rounds, Stewart] US Geol Survey, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Constantz, Jim; Essaid, Hedeff] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Risley, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM jrisley@usgs.gov
NR 25
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 21
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD JUN 23
PY 2010
VL 46
AR W06517
DI 10.1029/2009WR008587
PG 32
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 617XU
UT WOS:000279316000003
ER
PT J
AU Rosenberry, DO
Toran, L
Nyquist, JE
AF Rosenberry, Donald O.
Toran, Laura
Nyquist, Jonathan E.
TI Effect of surficial disturbance on exchange between groundwater and
surface water in nearshore margins
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID SEEPAGE METERS; SPAWNING HABITAT; FINE SEDIMENT; FILTRATION; RIVER;
LAKE; BANK; HETEROGENEITY; BIOIRRIGATION; VARIABILITY
AB Low-permeability sediments situated at or near the sediment-water interface can influence seepage in nearshore margins, particularly where wave energy or currents are minimal. Seepage meters were used to quantify flow across the sediment-water interface at two lakes where flow was from surface water to groundwater. Disturbance of the sediment bed substantially increased seepage through the sandy sediments of both lakes. Seepage increased by factors of 2.6 to 7.7 following bed disturbance at seven of eight measurement locations at Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, where the sediment representing the greatest restriction to flow was situated at the sediment-water interface. Although the veneer of low-permeability sediment was very thin and easily disturbed, accumulation on the bed surface was aided by a physical setting that minimized wind-generated waves and current. At Lake Belle Taine, Minnesota, where pre-disturbance downward seepage was smaller than at Mirror Lake, but hydraulic gradients were very large, disturbance of a 20 to 30 cm thick medium sand layer resulted in increases in seepage of 2 to 3 orders of magnitude. Exceptionally large seepage rates, some exceeding 25,000 cm/d, were recorded following bed disturbance. Since it is common practice to walk on the bed while installing or making seepage measurements, disruption of natural seepage rates may be a common occurrence in nearshore seepage studies. Disturbance of the bed should be avoided or minimized when utilizing seepage meters in shallow, nearshore settings, particularly where waves or currents are infrequent or minimal.
C1 [Rosenberry, Donald O.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Toran, Laura; Nyquist, Jonathan E.] Temple Univ, Dept Geol, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
RP Rosenberry, DO (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 413,Bldg 53,DFC, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM rosenber@usgs.gov
RI Nyquist, Jonathan/B-2240-2010; Rosenberry, Donald/C-2241-2013;
OI Rosenberry, Donald/0000-0003-0681-5641
FU National Science Foundation [0609827]
FX The authors thank Don Buso for logistical support associated with the
Mirror Lake work and the Hubbard Brook Research Approval Committee for
assistance in arranging research and on site lodging. Assistance with
Mirror Lake field and lab work from Melanie Johnson, Mike Gagliano,
Natasha Mitchell, Jim Mikochik, Nina Astillero, and Matt Sophy also is
greatly appreciated. This work was supported by the National Science
Foundation Hydrologic Sciences Program under award 0609827.
NR 42
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD JUN 23
PY 2010
VL 46
AR W06518
DI 10.1029/2009WR008755
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 617XU
UT WOS:000279316000004
ER
PT J
AU Hagstrum, JT
Blinman, E
AF Hagstrum, Jonathan T.
Blinman, Eric
TI Archeomagnetic dating in western North America: An updated reference
curve based on paleomagnetic and archeomagnetic data sets
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE archeomagnetism; paleomagnetism; geomagnetic field; secular variation;
American southwest
ID GEOMAGNETIC POLE CURVE; EARTHS MAGNETIC-FIELD; SECULAR VARIATION;
SOUTHWEST; RECORD; DIRECTIONS; REVERSAL; FLOWS; LAKE
AB A robust database of paleomagnetic (PM) and archeomagnetic (AM) data for western North America covering the past 4 millennia is assembled from three data sets: (1) published PM data for dated lava flows, (2) recently published AM data generated by R. L. DuBois, and (3) published AM data generated by J. L. Eighmy. Chronologic information for the AM data sets has been reassessed, and the data points have been assigned to age ranges depending on their archeological contexts. We have selected the computer program ArcheoCourbe, available from M. Le Goff (http://www.ipgp.fr/similar to legoff) or the auxiliary material (see also http://EarthRef.org), to construct AM reference curves and to quantitatively estimate AM dates for archeological and geological samples. The updated curve provides a more detailed record of prehistoric secular variation for western North America than was previously available and shows a short interval of rapid secular variation (SV) in the 10th or 11th centuries at near-excursional rates. Similar and coeval features in the Hawaiian and, to a lesser extent, Arkansan SV data sets possibly indicate a rapid amplitudinal shift in the regional nondipole field at that time.
C1 [Hagstrum, Jonathan T.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Blinman, Eric] Off Archaeol Studies, Museum New Mexico, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA.
RP Hagstrum, JT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 937, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jhag@usgs.gov
NR 60
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD JUN 22
PY 2010
VL 11
AR Q06009
DI 10.1029/2009GC002979
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 617TY
UT WOS:000279306000001
ER
PT J
AU McCleskey, RB
Nordstrom, DK
Susong, DD
Ball, JW
Holloway, JM
AF McCleskey, R. Blaine
Nordstrom, D. Kirk
Susong, David D.
Ball, James W.
Holloway, JoAnn M.
TI Source and fate of inorganic solutes in the Gibbon River, Yellowstone
National Park, Wyoming, USA I. Low-flow discharge and major solute
chemistry
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Yellowstone National Park; Gibbon River; geothermal; Norris Geyser
Basin; mass loading
ID MOUNTAIN STREAM; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; WATER-QUALITY; DIEL BEHAVIOR;
CHLORIDE FLUX; NEUTRAL PH; SILICA; SOLUBILITY; GEOCHEMISTRY; KINETICS
AB The Gibbon River in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) is an important natural resource and habitat for fisheries and wildlife. However, the Gibbon River differs from most other mountain rivers because its chemistry is affected by several geothermal sources including Norris Geyser Basin, Chocolate Pots, Gibbon Geyser Basin, Beryl Spring, and Terrace Spring. Norris Geyser Basin is one of the most dynamic geothermal areas in YNP, and the water discharging from Norris is much more acidic (pH 3) than other geothermal basins in the upper-Madison drainage (Gibbon and Firehole Rivers). Water samples and discharge data were obtained from the Gibbon River and its major tributaries near Norris Geyser Basin under the low-flow conditions of September 2006. Surface inflows from Norris Geyser Basin were sampled to identify point sources and to quantify solute loading to the Gibbon River. The source and fate of the major solutes (Ca, Mg, Na, K, SiO(2), Cl, F, HCO(3), SO(4), NO(3), and NH(4)) in the Gibbon River were determined in this study and these results may provide an important link in understanding the health of the ecosystem and the behavior of many trace solutes. Norris Geyser Basin is the primary source of Na, K, Cl, SO(4), and N loads (35-58%) in the Gibbon River. The largest source of HCO(3) and F is in the lower Gibbon River reach. Most of the Ca and Mg originate in the Gibbon River upstream from Norris Geyser Basin. All the major solutes behave conservatively except for NH(4), which decreased substantially downstream from Gibbon Geyser Basin, and SiO(2). small amounts of which precipitated on mixing of thermal drainage with the river. As much as 9-14% of the river discharge at the gage is from thermal flows during this period. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [McCleskey, R. Blaine; Nordstrom, D. Kirk; Ball, James W.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
[Susong, David D.] US Geol Survey, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Holloway, JoAnn M.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP McCleskey, RB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
EM rbmccles@usgs.gov
RI Holloway, JoAnn/A-2089-2012;
OI Holloway, JoAnn/0000-0003-3603-7668; McCleskey,
Richard/0000-0002-2521-8052
FU Yellowstone Volcano Observatory; USGS
FX We thank the staff of Yellowstone National Park for permission to
collect samples and for their assistance on numerous occasions. We would
especially like to thank Christie Hendrix, Park research coordinator,
for her assistance on many occasions. We also would like to thank P.L.
Verplanck, R.L. Runkel, B.A. Kimball, and S. Hurwitz for their
constructive comments and reviews. This study would not have been
possible without the support of the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory and
the National Research Program of the USGS. The use of trade, product,
industry, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 71
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 20
PY 2010
VL 193
IS 3-4
BP 189
EP 202
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.03.014
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 618VV
UT WOS:000279385100005
ER
PT J
AU Schiff, CJ
Kaufman, DS
Wallace, KL
Ketterer, ME
AF Schiff, Caleb J.
Kaufman, Darrell S.
Wallace, Kristi L.
Ketterer, Michael E.
TI An improved proximal tephrochronology for Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Redoubt Volcano; tephra; lake sediments; tephrostratigraphy;
tephrochronology; Cook Inlet region; Alaska
ID TEPHRA-FALL DEPOSITS; SOUTH-CENTRAL ALASKA; UPPER COOK INLET; AGE
CALIBRATION; RADIOCARBON AGE; LAKE-SEDIMENTS; NEW-ZEALAND; ERUPTION;
HISTORY; REGION
AB Sediment cores from lakes in volcanically active regions can be used to reconstruct the frequency of tephra-fall events. We studied sediment cores from two lakes within 25 km of the summit of Redoubt Volcano, western Cook Inlet, to develop a robust age model for the Holocene tephrochronology, and to assess the extent to which the tephrostratigraphies were correlative between the two nearby lakes. Visually distinct tephra layers were correlated among cores from Bear and Cub lakes, located within 17 km of each other, to construct a composite age model, which incorporates two Pu-activity profiles and 27 radiocarbon ages, and extends the record back to 11,540 cal a BP. The age model was used to interpolate the ages and quantify the uncertainties of ages for all tephras at least 1 mm thick. Between 55 and 3850 a BP, 31 tephras were deposited in Bear Lake and 41 tephras in Cub Lake. Bear Lake contains an additional 38 tephras deposited between 11,540 and 3850 a BP. During the period of overlap, (-55 to 3850 a BP), 24 tephras are of significantly different ages, including nine from Bear Lake and 17 from Cub Lake. The presence of these unique tephras indicates that ejecta plumes erupted from Redoubt Volcano can be highly directional, and that sediment cores from more than one lake are needed for a comprehensive reconstruction of tephra-fall events. Unlike distal lakes in south Alaska, where geomorphic and limnological factors dominate the quality of the tephrostratigraphic record, the variability in tephra-fall trajectory near a Redoubt Volcano appears to be a major control on the number of tephras contained in the sediment of proximal lakes. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Schiff, Caleb J.; Kaufman, Darrell S.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Wallace, Kristi L.] Alaska Volcano Observ, Alaska Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Ketterer, Michael E.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Kaufman, DS (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM darrell.kaufman@nau.edu
RI Kaufman, Darrell/A-2471-2008
OI Kaufman, Darrell/0000-0002-7572-1414
FU USGS Alaska Volcano Observatory; NSF [EAR-0823522]; Arizona Technology
Research and Innovation Fund
FX We thank Janet Schaefer, AI Werner, and two anonymous reviewers for
their helpful input. John Southon analyzed the 14C samples.
Colby Wallace and Bjorn Werner assisted in the field. Burke Wick and
Peggy Looney allowed us to camp at Cub Lake. This research was funded by
the USGS Alaska Volcano Observatory and NSF award EAR-0823522 (to DSK).
The ICPMS instrumentation used in this work was obtained from a grant
from the Arizona Technology Research and Innovation Fund (to MEK).
NR 29
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD JUN 20
PY 2010
VL 193
IS 3-4
BP 203
EP 214
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.03.015
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 618VV
UT WOS:000279385100006
ER
PT J
AU Wankel, SD
Chen, Y
Kendall, C
Post, AF
Paytan, A
AF Wankel, Scott D.
Chen, Ying
Kendall, Carol
Post, Anton F.
Paytan, Adina
TI Sources of aerosol nitrate to the Gulf of Aqaba: Evidence from delta
N-15 and delta O-18 of nitrate and trace metal chemistry
SO MARINE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Israel; Gulf of Aqaba; Eilat; Nitrogen cycle; Nitrate; Aerosols;
Nitrogen isotopes; Oxygen isotopes; Atmospheric particulates
ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; ATMOSPHERIC NITRATE; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION;
SEA-SALT; DENITRIFIER METHOD; NITROGEN-FIXATION; MEDITERRANEAN SEA;
OXYGEN ISOTOPES; MINERAL AEROSOL; WET DEPOSITION
AB The nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) isotopic composition (delta N-15 and delta O-18) of water soluble aerosol nitrate was measured in aerosol samples collected in Eilat. Israel, from August 2003 to November 2004. During this period delta N-15 values ranged from -6.9 parts per thousand to + 1.9 parts per thousand and delta O-18 from + 65 parts per thousand to + 84.9 parts per thousand and exhibited strong seasonal variability with higher average delta N-15 values observed in the summer and higher delta O-18 values in the winter. Nitrate isotopic composition was compared with bulk chemical composition and extractable ion and trace metals on co-collected samples linking nitrate isotopic composition to various sources of aerosols to this region. Atmospheric processes impacting the isotopic signatures of nitrate were also considered. Based on back trajectory analyses, the majority of NO3- came from air masses originating over the Mediterranean Sea (34%), Western Europe (20%) and the local Negev desert (19%), which contain a larger anthropogenic imprint compared to southern and eastern air masses which are dominated by mineral dust. The potential role of reactive mineral dust aerosols as a regulator of NOT isotopic composition is considered: however, based on factor analysis, neither ON nor 6180 were associated with mineral dust components (such as Fe or Al), but rather with anthropogenic indicators such as Cu, Cd, P and Pb. Seasonality in primary NOx, cycling reactions driven by seasonal changes in solar radiation, relative humidity and temperature also influence the observed isotopic signatures. The isotope data, together with trace element analysis, suggests that seasonal variations in both delta N-15(NO3) and delta O-18(NO3) are related to both NOx source and transport processes as well as NO., chemical reactions in the atmosphere.
The flux-weighted delta N-15 of aerosol NOT in this area averaged 2.6 parts per thousand making aerosol deposition a substantial contributor of low delta N-15 nitrogen to the oligotrophic waters of the Gulf of Aqaba. Thus, while the flux of atmospheric N to oligotrophic marine systems is smaller than the upward flux of NO3- from deep water, it nonetheless represents an important source of new N having a low delta N-15. Further, if this low delta N-15 signature is not considered, it could interfere with N-fixation estimates based on isotopic composition of dissolved nitrate or particulate organic nitrogen. Thus, atmospheric deposition should be constrained for accurate estimates of marine N-fixation when based on ON in the ocean. Indeed, in the Gulf of Aqaba, low upper water delta N-15(NO3) values could be related to inputs of atmospheric NO3- as well as N-fixation. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wankel, Scott D.] Harvard Univ, Biol Labs, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Wankel, Scott D.; Kendall, Carol] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Paytan, Adina] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Post, Anton F.] Hebrew Univ, H Steinitz Marine Biol Lab, Elat, Israel.
[Chen, Ying] Fudan Univ, Ctr Atmospher Chem Study, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
RP Wankel, SD (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Biol Labs, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, 16 Divin Ave,Room 3092, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM swankel@oeb.harvard.edu
FU NASA [NAG5-12663]; NATO [982161]; USGS
FX We are grateful to Dorit Golan and Mark Chernihovsky for assistance with
aerosol sample collection; the Paytan Lab for field work assistance and
our colleagues at the Interuniversity Institute for Marine Science in
Eilat, Israel for assisting in data collection and providing laboratory
space and equipment during the study. Additionally, we would like to
thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful insight and constructive
comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. This study is supported
by the NASA New investigator Program NAG5-12663 to AP and the
NATO-Science for Peace SIP project 982161 to AP and AFP. Support for CK
and SDW was provided in part by the USGS National Research Program.
NR 81
TC 34
Z9 36
U1 6
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4203
J9 MAR CHEM
JI Mar. Chem.
PD JUN 20
PY 2010
VL 120
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 90
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.marchem.2009.01.013
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Chemistry; Oceanography
GA 614NP
UT WOS:000279066700010
ER
PT J
AU Panet, I
Pollitz, F
Mikhailov, V
Diament, M
Banerjee, P
Grijalva, K
AF Panet, I.
Pollitz, F.
Mikhailov, V.
Diament, M.
Banerjee, P.
Grijalva, K.
TI Upper mantle rheology from GRACE and GPS postseismic deformation after
the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE satellite gravity; mantle rheology; seismic cycle
ID LAYERED SPHERICAL EARTH; POWER-LAW FLOW; VISCOSITY STRUCTURE; STATIC
OFFSETS; GRAVITY-FIELD; MOJAVE-DESERT; MODEL; RELAXATION; DECEMBER;
TECTONICS
AB Mantle rheology is one of the essential, yet least understood, material properties of our planet, controlling the dynamic processes inside the Earth's mantle and the Earth's response to various forces. With the advent of GRACE satellite gravity, measurements of mass displacements associated with many processes are now available. In the case of mass displacements related to postseismic deformation, these data may provide new constraints on the mantle rheology. We consider the postseismic deformation due to the M-w = 9.2 Sumatra 26 December 2004 and M-w = 8.7 Nias 28 March 2005 earthquakes. Applying wavelet analyses to enhance those local signals in the GRACE time varying geoids up to September 2007, we detect a clear postseismic gravity signal. We supplement these gravity variations with GPS measurements of postseismic crustal displacements to constrain postseismic relaxation processes throughout the upper mantle. The observed GPS displacements and gravity variations are well explained by a model of visco-elastic relaxation plus a small amount of afterslip at the downdip extension of the coseismically ruptured fault planes. Our model uses a 60 km thick elastic layer above a viscoelastic asthenosphere with Burgers body rheology. The mantle below depth 220 km has a Maxwell rheology. Assuming a low transient viscosity in the 60-220 km depth range, the GRACE data are best explained by a constant steady state viscosity throughout the ductile portion of the upper mantle (e.g., 60-660 km). This suggests that the localization of relatively low viscosity in the asthenosphere is chiefly in the transient viscosity rather than the steady state viscosity. We find a 8.10(18) Pa s mantle viscosity in the 220-660 km depth range. This may indicate a transient response of the upper mantle to the high amount of stress released by the earthquakes. To fit the remaining misfit to the GRACE data, larger at the smaller spatial scales, cumulative afterslip of about 75 cm at depth should be added over the period spanned by the GRACE models. It produces only small crustal displacements. Our results confirm that satellite gravity data are an essential complement to ground geodetic and geophysical networks in order to understand the seismic cycle and the Earth's inner structure.
C1 [Panet, I.] Inst Geog Natl, ENSG, Lab Rech Geodesie, F-77455 Champs sur Marne 2, Marne la Vallee, France.
[Panet, I.; Mikhailov, V.; Diament, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, Inst Phys Globe Paris, CNRS, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
[Pollitz, F.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Mikhailov, V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Phys Earth, Moscow 123810, Russia.
[Banerjee, P.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Grijalva, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Seismol Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Panet, I (reprint author), Inst Geog Natl, ENSG, Lab Rech Geodesie, 6-8 Ave Blaise Pascal,Cite Descartes, F-77455 Champs sur Marne 2, Marne la Vallee, France.
EM isabelle.panet@ign.fr; fpollitz@usgs.gov; mikh@ifz.ru;
diament@ipgp.jussieu.fr
RI Diament, Michel/F-8553-2010; Mikhailov, Valentin/B-5406-2013;
OI Mikhailov, Valentin/0000-0001-9520-5540
FU CNES; CNES through the TOSCA committee; Russian Foundation for Basic
Research [09-05-00258, 09-05-91056]
FX We are very grateful to Roland Burgmann for helping us to improve our
manuscript. Isabelle Panet was partly supported by a CNES postdoctoral
fellowship, and this work was supported by CNES through the TOSCA
committee. Valentin Mikhailov was supported by grants 09-05-00258 and
09-05-91056 of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. We thank the
Associate Editor, Thorsten Becker, and two anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments that improved our manuscript. Maps in Figures 1,
2, 4, and 6-9 were plotted using the GMT software [Wessel and Smith,
1995]. This is IPGP contribution 2654.
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD JUN 19
PY 2010
VL 11
AR Q06008
DI 10.1029/2009GC002905
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 613MO
UT WOS:000278983600001
ER
PT J
AU Barr, JG
Engel, V
Fuentes, JD
Zieman, JC
O'Halloran, TL
Smith, TJ
Anderson, GH
AF Barr, Jordan G.
Engel, Vic
Fuentes, Jose D.
Zieman, Joseph C.
O'Halloran, Thomas L.
Smith, Thomas J., III
Anderson, Gordon H.
TI Controls on mangrove forest-atmosphere carbon dioxide exchanges in
western Everglades National Park
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID FLORIDA COASTAL EVERGLADES; RHIZOPHORA-MANGLE L.; GAS-EXCHANGE;
PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES; AVICENNIA-GERMINANS; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SOIL
RESPIRATION; DECIDUOUS FOREST; ORGANIC-MATTER; WATER-VAPOR
AB We report on net ecosystem production (NEP) and key environmental controls on net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) between a mangrove forest and the atmosphere in the coastal Florida Everglades. An eddy covariance system deployed above the canopy was used to determine NEE during January 2004 through August 2005. Maximum daytime NEE ranged from -20 to -25 mu mol (CO(2)) m(-2) s(-1) between March and May. Respiration (R(d)) was highly variable (2.81 +/- 2.41 mu mol (CO(2)) m(-2) s(-1)), reaching peak values during the summer wet season. During the winter dry season, forest CO(2) assimilation increased with the proportion of diffuse solar irradiance in response to greater radiative transfer in the forest canopy. Surface water salinity and tidal activity were also important controls on NEE. Daily light use efficiency was reduced at high (>34 parts per thousand (ppt)) compared to low (<17 ppt) salinity by 46%. Tidal inundation lowered daytime R(d) by similar to 0.9 mu mol (CO(2)) m(-2) s(-1) and nighttime R(d) by similar to 0.5 mmol (CO(2)) m(-2) s(-1). The forest was a sink for atmospheric CO(2), with an annual NEP of 1170 +/- 127 g C m(-2) during 2004. This unusually high NEP was attributed to year-round productivity and low ecosystem respiration which reached a maximum of only 3 g C m(-2) d(-1). Tidal export of dissolved inorganic carbon derived from belowground respiration likely lowered the estimates of mangrove forest respiration. These results suggest that carbon balance in mangrove coastal systems will change in response to variable salinity and inundation patterns, possibly resulting from secular sea level rise and climate change.
C1 [Barr, Jordan G.; Engel, Vic] S Florida Nat Resource Ctr, Homestead, FL 33204 USA.
[Anderson, Gordon H.] US Geol Survey, Everglades Natl Pk Field Stn, Florida Integrated Sci Ctr, Homestead, FL 33034 USA.
[Fuentes, Jose D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[O'Halloran, Thomas L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Smith, Thomas J., III] US Geol Survey, Florida Integrated Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Zieman, Joseph C.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Barr, JG (reprint author), S Florida Nat Resource Ctr, Everglades Natl Pk, Homestead, FL 33204 USA.
EM jordanbarr@nps.gov
FU NASA; University of Virginia; National Science Foundation [DBI-0620409,
DEB-9910514]; Jones Foundation; USGS Terrestrial, Freshwater and Marine
Ecosystems; Global Change Programs
FX J. G. Barr received support from NASA to carry out the field research
outlined in this manuscript and support from the University of Virginia
Faculty Senate Dissertation-Year Fellowship to perform data analyses.
The National Park Service provided support to carry out the data
analyses and interpretation. The National Science Foundation provided
support for this research through the Florida Coast Everglades Long-Term
Ecological Research program under grants DBI-0620409 and DEB-9910514.
The Jones Foundation also provided support for this research. T. J.
Smith III and G. H. Anderson were supported by the USGS Terrestrial,
Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems and the Global Change Programs. The
authors thank James Kathilankal of the AmeriFlux QA/QC group at Oregon
State University for his assistance and feedback in verifying output
from eddy covariance flux processing software. The authors also thank
Caryl Alarcon at Everglades National Park for her assistance with GIS
software. Use of trade and product names does not imply endorsement by
the U. S. government.
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U2 61
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD JUN 17
PY 2010
VL 115
AR G02020
DI 10.1029/2009JG001186
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 613OF
UT WOS:000278987900001
ER
PT J
AU Woodman, N
AF Woodman, Neal
TI Two new species of shrews (Soricidae) from the western highlands of
Guatemala
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Central America; Eulipotyphla; Insectivora; new species; Soricinae;
Soricomorpha
ID FOOD NICHE OVERLAP; SMALL-EARED SHREW; ECOLOGICAL SEPARATION; GENUS
CRYPTOTIS; INSECTIVORA; MAMMALIA; MORPHOLOGY
AB The broad-clawed shrews (Soricomorpha: Soricidae: Cryptotis) encompass a clade of 5 species Cryptotis alticolus (Merriam), C. goldmani (Merriam), C. goodwini Jackson, C. griseoventris Jackson, and C. peregrinus (Merriam) that is known collectively as the Cryptotis goldmani group and is characterized by broadened forefeet, elongated and broadened fore claws, and broadened humeri. These shrews are distributed in highland regions from central Mexico to Honduras. Two broad-clawed shrews, C. goodwini and C. griseoventris, occur in southern Mexico and Guatemala and are presumed sister species whose primary distinguishing feature is the larger size of C. goodwini. In an investigation of variation within and between these 2 species, I studied characteristics of the postcranial skeleton. Statistical analyses of a variety of character suites indicate that the forelimb morphology in this group exhibits less intraspecific variation and greater interspecific variation than cranio-mandibular morphology, although most skull characters support groupings based on forelimb characters. Together, these characters define 4 distinct groups among the specimens examined. C. griseoventris is restricted to the northern highlands of Chiapas, Mexico, and C. goodwini occurs in the southern highlands of Chiapas and Guatemala. Herein, I describe 2 new species of broad-clawed shrews from the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes, Guatemala. DOI: 10.1644/09-MAMM-A-346.1.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Woodman, N (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM woodmann@si.edu
OI Woodman, Neal/0000-0003-2689-7373
NR 25
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U1 0
U2 1
PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-2372
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD JUN 16
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 3
BP 566
EP 579
DI 10.1644/09-MAMM-A-346.1
PG 14
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 615JG
UT WOS:000279130300004
ER
PT J
AU Schwartz, JJ
John, BE
Cheadle, MJ
Wooden, JL
Mazdab, F
Swapp, S
Grimes, CB
AF Schwartz, Joshua J.
John, Barbara E.
Cheadle, Michael J.
Wooden, Joseph L.
Mazdab, Frank
Swapp, Susan
Grimes, Craig B.
TI Dissolution-reprecipitation of igneous zircon in mid-ocean ridge gabbro,
Atlantis Bank, Southwest Indian Ridge
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dissolution-reprecipitation; U-Pb zircon geochronology; Zircon
geochemistry; EBSD; Atlantis Bank; Mid-ocean ridge
ID RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS; DARLING RANGE BATHOLITH; MICROPROBE SHRIMP-RG;
HIGH-MASS-RESOLUTION; LOWER OCEAN CRUST; U-PB AGES; HYDROTHERMAL
ALTERATION; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; SYNTHETIC ZIRCON
AB Zircons recovered from oceanic gabbro exposed on Atlantis Bank, Southwest Indian Ridge, typically display oscillatory and sector zoning consistent with igneous crystallization from mafic magmas. In one rock (of twenty investigated), weak-oscillatory-zonation patterns are overprinted by secondary textural features characterized by mottled, convoluted and wavy internal zonation patterns that are frequently associated with secondary micron- to submicron-scale micro-porosity. These zircons are hosted in a felsic vein that intruded an oxide gabbro, both of which are cross-cut by monomineralic amphibole- and quartz-rich veinlets. Zircons with weak-oscillatory-zonation patterns record a weighted-average (206)Pb/(238)U age of 12.76 +/- 0.20 Ma (mswd = 1.5), and have high trace element concentrations [e.g., Sigma REEs (similar to 0.4-2.2 wt.%), Y (similar to 0.6-2.8 wt.%), P (similar to 0.4-0.9 wt.%)), and Th/U (0.1-0.5). These zircons are anomalously old (>= 1 Myr) relative to the magnetic age for this portion of oceanic crust (11.75 Ma). In contrast, zircons with non-igneous, secondary textures have a younger weighted-average (206)Pb/(238)U age of 12.00 +/- 0.16 Ma (mswd = 1.7), and have lower trace element concentrations [e.g., Sigma REEs (similar to 02-0.8 wt.%), Y (similar to 03-1.0 wt.%), P (similar to 0.1-03 wt.%)], and slightly lower Th/U (0.1-0.3). The weighted-average age of these zircons is similar to the magnetic anomaly age, and other (206)Pb/(238)U ages of nearby rocks. We do not observe a correlation between crystallographic misorientation, internal texture, or trace element chemistry. We suggest that the decrease in trace element concentrations associated with the development of non-igneous alteration textures is attributed to the purging of non-essential structural constituent cations from the zircon crystal lattice at amphibolite-facies conditions. The mechanism of alteration/re-equilibration was likely an interface-coupled dissolution-reprecipitation processes that affected pre-existing, anomalously old zircons during shallow-level magmatic construction of Atlantis Bank at similar to 12.0 Ma. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Schwartz, Joshua J.] Univ Alabama, Dept Geol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[John, Barbara E.; Cheadle, Michael J.; Swapp, Susan] Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Wooden, Joseph L.; Mazdab, Frank] USGS Stanford Ion Probe Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Grimes, Craig B.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Geosci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Schwartz, JJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Geol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM jschwartz@geo.ua.edu
FU Wyoming NASA Space Grant; University of Alabama; NSF [0352054]
FX We thank Henry Dick for access to samples from the James Clark Ross
cruise. We gratefully thank Drs. Geisler, Hoskins and Rudnick for
thorough and helpful reviews. Funding for this work was provided by a
Wyoming NASA Space Grant and University of Alabama start-up funds to
Schwartz and a NSF OCE grant #0352054 to Cheadle and John.
NR 89
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2010
VL 274
IS 1-2
BP 68
EP 81
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.03.017
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 614YC
UT WOS:000279094700006
ER
PT J
AU Hageman, KJ
Hafner, WD
Campbell, DH
Jaffe, DA
Landers, DH
Simonich, SLM
AF Hageman, Kimberly J.
Hafner, William D.
Campbell, Donald H.
Jaffe, Daniel A.
Landers, Dixon H.
Simonich, Staci L. Massey
TI Variability in Pesticide Deposition and Source Contributions to Snowpack
in Western US National Parks
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMIVOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS; ATMOSPHERIC
DEPOSITION; POLLUTANTS POPS; UNITED-STATES; CONTAMINANTS; LAKE; AIR;
MOUNTAINS; CHEMICALS
AB Fifty-six seasonal snowpack samples were collected at remote alpine, subarctic, and arctic sites in eight Western U.S. national parks during three consecutive years (2003-2005). Four current-use pesticides (CUPs) (dacthal (DCPA), chlorpyrifos, endosulfans, and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)) and four historic-use pesticides (HUPs) (dieldrin, alpha-HCH, chlordanes, and hexachlorobenzene (HCB)) were commonly measured at all sites, during all years. The mean coefficient of variation for pesticide concentrations was 15% for site replicate samples, 41% for intrapark replicate samples, and 59% for interannual replicate samples. The relative pesticide concentration profiles were consistent from year to year but unique for individual parks, indicating a regional source effect. HUP concentrations were well-correlated with regional cropland intensity when the effect of temperature on snow-air partitioning was considered. The mass of individual CUPs used in regions located one-day upwind of the parks was calculated using air mass back trajectories, and this was used to explain the distribution of CUPs among the parks. The percent of the snowpack pesticide concentration due to regional transport was high (>75%) for the majority of pesticides in all parks. These results suggest that the majority of pesticide contamination in U.S. national parks is due to regional pesticide use in North America.
C1 [Simonich, Staci L. Massey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Simonich, Staci L. Massey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Hageman, Kimberly J.] Univ Otago, Dept Chem, Dunedin 9014, New Zealand.
[Hafner, William D.; Jaffe, Daniel A.] Univ Washington, Interdisciplinary Arts & Sci Dept, Bothell, WA 98011 USA.
[Landers, Dixon H.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Campbell, Donald H.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Simonich, SLM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM staci.simonich@oregonstate.edu
OI Hageman, Kimberly/0000-0001-9187-5256
FU Western Airborne Contaminants Assessment Project (WACAP) [22]; U.S.
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH [P30ES00210];
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Department of the Interior
FX This work is part of the Western Airborne Contaminants Assessment
Project (WACAP) (22). This publication was made possible in part by
Grant P30ES00210 from the U.S. National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences, NIH. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of the NIEHS,
NIH. This work was partially funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency and the Department of the Interior. It has been subjected to
review by these government entities and approved for publication.
Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the
U.S. Government, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products
constitute endorsement or recommendation. The authors thank the
snow-sampling crews from the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S.
National Park Service, Peter Dillingham for statistical consultation,
and Michael Abraham for providing physical properties of investigated
pesticides.
NR 35
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PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 12
BP 4452
EP 4458
DI 10.1021/es100290q
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 608WP
UT WOS:000278617000015
PM 20499934
ER
PT J
AU Usenko, S
Smonich, SLM
Hageman, KJ
Schrlau, JE
Geiser, L
Campbell, DH
Appleby, PG
Landers, DH
AF Usenko, Sascha
Smonich, Staci L. Massey
Hageman, Kimberly J.
Schrlau, Jill E.
Geiser, Linda
Campbell, Don H.
Appleby, Peter G.
Landers, Dixon H.
TI Sources and Deposition of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons to Western US
National Parks
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION;
UNITED-STATES; PAHS; SNOW; CONTAMINANTS; PESTICIDES; MOUNTAINS;
EMISSIONS
AB Seasonal snowpack, lichens, and lake sediment cores were collected from fourteen lake catchments in eight western U.S. National Parks and analyzed for sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to determine their current and historical deposition, as well as to identify their potential sources. Seasonal snowpack was measured to determine the current wintertime atmospheric PAH deposition; lichens were measured to determine the long-term, year around deposition; and the temporal PAH deposition trends were reconstructed using lake sediment cores dated using (210)Pb and (137)Cs. The fourteen remote lake catchments ranged from low-latitude catchments (36.6 degrees N) at high elevation (2900 mast) in Sequoia National Park, CA to high-latitude catchments (68.4 degrees N) at low elevation (427 mast) in the Alaskan Arctic. Over 75% of the catchments demonstrated statistically significant temporal trends in Sigma PAH sediment flux, depending on catchment proximity to source regions and topographic barriers. The Sigma PAH concentrations and fluxes in seasonal snowpack, lichens, and surficial sediment were 3.6 to 60,000 times greater in the Snyder Lake catchment of Glacier National Park than the other 13 lake catchments. The PAH ratios measured in snow, lichen, and sediment were used to identify a local aluminum smelter as a major source of PAHs to the Snyder Lake catchment. These results suggest that topographic barriers influence the atmospheric transport and deposition of PAHs in high-elevation ecosystems and that PAH sources to these national park ecosystems range from local point sources to diffuse regional and global sources.
C1 [Usenko, Sascha; Smonich, Staci L. Massey; Schrlau, Jill E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Smonich, Staci L. Massey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Hageman, Kimberly J.] Univ Otago, Dept Chem, Dunedin 9014, New Zealand.
[Geiser, Linda] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Reg Air Program, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Campbell, Don H.] US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Appleby, Peter G.] Univ Liverpool, Environm Radioact Res Ctr, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
[Landers, Dixon H.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Smonich, SLM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM Staci.Simonich@orst.edu
RI Usenko, Sascha/N-8730-2015;
OI Usenko, Sascha/0000-0003-3303-2909; Hageman,
Kimberly/0000-0001-9187-5256
FU National Park Service; National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences [P3OES00210]; NIH; NIEHS [P42 ES016465]
FX This work is part of WACAP (Western Airborne Contaminants Assessment
Project), a collaborative venture among the National Park Service, the
Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Geological Survey, Oregon
State University, University of Washington, and the USDA Forest Service.
It was funded primarily through cooperative and interagency agreements
with the National Park Service, and also included in-kind contributions
from all of the project partners. Further information about WACAP can be
found on the WACAP web site at
http://www.nature.nps.gov/air/Studies/air_toxics/wacap.htm. Mention of
trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use. This publication was made possible in part by
grant P3OES00210 from the National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences, NIH, and NIEHS Grant P42 ES016465. Its contents are solely the
responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
official view of the NIEHS, NIH. We thank Marilyn Morrison Erway
(Dynamic Corporation) and crew for collecting the sediment samples from
the National Parks. We also thank Ann-Lise Norman from the University of
Calgary for her intellectual input.
NR 36
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U1 4
U2 47
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 12
BP 4512
EP 4518
DI 10.1021/es903844n
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 608WP
UT WOS:000278617000024
PM 20465303
ER
PT J
AU Gray, JE
Plumlee, GS
Morman, SA
Higueras, PL
Crock, JG
Lowers, HA
Witten, ML
AF Gray, John E.
Plumlee, Geoffrey S.
Morman, Suzette A.
Higueras, Pablo L.
Crock, James G.
Lowers, Heather A.
Witten, Mark L.
TI In Vitro Studies Evaluating Leaching of Mercury from Mine Waste Calcine
Using Simulated Human Body Fluids
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ALMADEN MINING DISTRICT; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; SPECIATION; SPAIN; SOILS;
BIOACCESSIBILITY; FRACTIONATION; SEDIMENTS; FIBERS; BIOAVAILABILITY
AB In vitro bioaccessibility (IVBA) studies were carried out on samples of mercury (Hg) mine-waste calcine (roasted Hg ore) by leaching with simulated human body fluids. The objective was to estimate potential human exposure to Hg due to inhalation of airborne calcine particulates and hand-to-mouth ingestion of Hg-bearing calcines. Mine waste calcines collected from Hg mines at Almaden, Spain, and Terlingua, Texas, contain Hg sulfide, elemental Hg, and soluble Hg compounds, which constitute primary ore or compounds formed during Hg retorting. Elevated leachate Hg concentrations were found during calcine leaching using a simulated gastric fluid (as much as 6200 mu g of Hg leached/g sample). Elevated Hg concentrations were also found in calcine leachates using a simulated lung fluid (as much as 9200 mu g of Hg leached/g), serum-based fluid (as much as 1600 mu g of Hg leached/g), and water of pH 5 (as much as 880 mu g of Hg leached/g). The leaching capacity of Hg is controlled by calcine mineralogy; thus, calcines containing soluble Hg compounds contain higher leachate Hg concentrations. Results indicate that ingestion or inhalation of Hg mine-waste calcine may lead to increased Hg concentrations in the human body, especially through the ingestion pathway.
C1 [Gray, John E.; Plumlee, Geoffrey S.; Morman, Suzette A.; Crock, James G.; Lowers, Heather A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Higueras, Pablo L.] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Almaden 13400, Spain.
[Witten, Mark L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Pediat, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA.
RP Gray, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 25046,MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jgray@usgs.gov
RI Higueras, Pablo/F-1714-2010
OI Higueras, Pablo/0000-0002-3662-7302
FU Spanish Science and Technology Ministry [CTM2006-13091-C02]; Castilla-La
Mancha Regional Vice Ministry for Universities and Research
[PII1109-0142-4389]; U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Resources Program
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral
Resources Program, and by the Spanish Science and Technology Ministry
(Projects CTM2006-13091-C02) and the Castilla-La Mancha Regional Vice
Ministry for Universities and Research (Projects PII1109-0142-4389). We
thank Thomas Ziegler for adapting methods that allowed us to study
leaching using simulated human body fluids. We thank David Smith and
Ruth Wolf (USGS, Denver) and four reviewers for ES&T for review comments
that improved the paper. Use of trade names is for descriptive purposes
and does not imply an endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 49
TC 36
Z9 38
U1 4
U2 38
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 12
BP 4782
EP 4788
DI 10.1021/es1001133
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 608WP
UT WOS:000278617000065
PM 20491469
ER
PT J
AU McGinnis, TW
Keeley, JE
Stephens, SL
Roller, GB
AF McGinnis, Thomas W.
Keeley, Jon E.
Stephens, Scott L.
Roller, Gary B.
TI Fuel buildup and potential fire behavior after stand-replacing fires,
logging fire-killed trees and herbicide shrub removal in Sierra Nevada
forests
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Salvage logging; Conifer plantations; Fuel; Fire behavior; Cheatgrass
ID PONDEROSA PINE FOREST; REDUCTION TREATMENTS; BROMUS-TECTORUM;
CALIFORNIA; VEGETATION; WILDFIRE; USA; PERSISTENCE; SEVERITY; OREGON
AB Typically, after large stand-replacing fires in mid-elevation Sierra Nevada forests, dense shrub fields occupy sites formerly occupied by mature conifers, until eventually conifers overtop and shade out shrubs. Attempting to reduce fuel loads and expedite forest regeneration in these areas, the USDA Forest Service often disrupts this cycle by the logging of fire-killed trees, replanting of conifers and killing of shrubs. We measured the effects of these treatments on live and dead fuel loads and alien species and modeled potential fire behavior and fire effects on regenerating forests. Sampling occurred in untreated, logged and herbicide-treated stands throughout the Sierra Nevada in four large fire areas 4-21 years after stand-replacing fires. Logging fire-killed trees significantly increased total available dead fuel loads in the short term but did not affect shrub cover, grass and forb cover, alien species cover or alien species richness. Despite the greater available dead fuel loads, fire behavior was not modeled to be different between logged and untreated stands, due to abundant shrub fuels in both logged and untreated stands. In contrast, the herbicide treatment directed at shrubs resulted in extremely low shrub cover, significantly greater alien species richness and significantly greater alien grass and forb cover. Grass and forb cover was strongly correlated with solar radiation on the ground, which may be the primary reason that grass and forb cover was higher in herbicide treated stands with low shrub and tree cover. Repeat burning exacerbated the alien grass problem in some stands. Although modeled surface fire flame lengths and rates of spread were found to be greater in stands dominated by shrubs, compared to low shrub cover conifer plantations, surface fire would still be intense enough to kill most trees, given their small size and low crown heights in the first two decades after planting. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [McGinnis, Thomas W.; Keeley, Jon E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA.
[Keeley, Jon E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Stephens, Scott L.; Roller, Gary B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Div Ecosyst Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP McGinnis, TW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 47050 Gen Highway, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA.
EM tmcginnis@usgs.gov
FU Joint Fire Science Program [06-3-4-10]
FX We are deeply indebted to our statistician, Julie Yee, who patiently ran
hundreds of complicated statistical tests for this project. Funding was
provided by the Joint Fire Science Program (Project ID 06-3-4-10).
Several USDA Forest Service personnel were extremely helpful and
provided treatment information, logistical help and general support for
this project. We thank the employees of Tahoe, Eldorado, Stanislaus and
Sequoia national forests for their help. We appreciate the work of our
field crew members, Joe Cannon, Graydon Dill, Tynan Granberg, Emily
Kachergis, John Nelson, Matthew Shepherd, Christine Shook and Steve
Swenson. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government.
NR 50
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U1 3
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD JUN 15
PY 2010
VL 260
IS 1
BP 22
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.03.026
PG 14
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 614YJ
UT WOS:000279095400003
ER
PT J
AU Magirl, CS
Griffiths, PG
Webb, RH
AF Magirl, Christopher S.
Griffiths, Peter G.
Webb, Robert H.
TI Analyzing debris flows with the statistically calibrated empirical model
LAHARZ in southeastern Arizona, USA
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Debris flows; Debris-flow modeling; LAHARZ; Arid; Semiarid; Arizona
AB Hazard-zone delineation for extreme events is essential for floodplain management near mountain fronts in arid and semiarid regions. On 31 July 2006, unprecedented debris flows occurred in the Santa Catalina Mountains of southeastern Arizona following extreme multiday precipitation (recurrence interval >1000 years for 4-day precipitation). Most mobilized sediment contributing to debris flows was derived from shallow-seated failures of colluvium on steep slopes. A total of 435 slope failures in the southern Santa Catalina Mountains released 1.34 million Mg of sediment into the channels of 10 drainage basins. Five drainages produced debris flows that moved to the apices of alluvial fans on the southern edge of the mountain front, damaging infrastructure and aggrading channels to reduce future flood conveyance. Using the statistically calibrated, empirical debris-flow model LAHARZ and modified model coefficients developed to better match conditions in southeastern Arizona, we predicted the approximate area of deposition and travel distance in comparison to observed depositional areas and travel distance for seven debris flows. Two of the modeled debris flows represented single slope failures that terminated downslope with no additive influence of other debris flows or streamflow flooding. Five of the simulated debris flows represented the aggregation of multiple slope failures and streamflow flooding into multiple debris-flow pulses. Because LAHARZ is a debris-flow hazard-zone delineation tool, the complexity of alternating transport and deposition zones in channels with abrupt expansions and contractions reduces the applicability of the model in some drainage basins. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Magirl, Christopher S.; Griffiths, Peter G.; Webb, Robert H.] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Magirl, CS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Washington Water Sci Ctr, 934 Broadway,Suite 300, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
EM magirl@usgs.gov
OI Magirl, Christopher/0000-0002-9922-6549
FU Pima County Regional Flood Control District; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This work was funded by Pima County Regional Flood Control District and
the U.S. Geological Survey. Dick Iverson, Julie Griswold, and Steve
Schilling of the USGS were generous in offering training, support, and
advice for LAHARZ. Numerous individuals, groups, and agencies (including
the National Weather Service, the University of Arizona's Department of
Hydrology, the Arizona Water Science Center, and the Arizona Geological
Survey) helped with the collection of observational and quantitative
data on floods and debris flows in southeastern Arizona during the
summer of 2006. Helen Raichle assisted with estimation of failure
volumes. The comments of Jeffrey Gartner, Ann Youberg, Jon Pelletier,
and two anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript.
NR 22
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD JUN 15
PY 2010
VL 119
IS 1-2
BP 111
EP 124
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.02.022
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 610IW
UT WOS:000278726400010
ER
PT J
AU Wickham, JD
Stehman, SV
Fry, JA
Smith, JH
Homer, CG
AF Wickham, J. D.
Stehman, S. V.
Fry, J. A.
Smith, J. H.
Homer, C. G.
TI Thematic accuracy of the NLCD 2001 land cover for the conterminous
United States
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Stratified sampling; Cluster sampling; Reference data error; NLCD 1992
ID CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY; MAP ACCURACY; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; DATABASE;
IMPACT; ERROR; CONSERVATION; SENSITIVITY; COMPLETION; CONFUSION
AB The land-cover thematic accuracy of NLCD 2001 was assessed from a probability-sample of 15,000 pixels. Nationwide, NLCD 2001 overall Anderson Level II and Level I accuracies were 78.7% and 85.3%, respectively. By comparison, overall accuracies at Level II and Level I for the NLCD 1992 were 58% and 80%. Forest and cropland were two classes showing substantial improvements in accuracy in NLCD 2001 relative to NLCD 1992. NLCD 2001 forest and cropland user's accuracies were 87% and 82%, respectively, compared to 80% and 43% for NLCD 1992. Accuracy results are reported for 10 geographic regions of the United States, with regional overall accuracies ranging from 68% to 86% for Level II and from 79% to 91% at Level I. Geographic variation in class-specific accuracy was strongly associated with the phenomenon that regionally more abundant land-cover classes had higher accuracy. Accuracy estimates based on several definitions of agreement are reported to provide an indication of the potential impact of reference data error on accuracy. Drawing on our experience from two NLCD national accuracy assessments, we discuss the use of designs incorporating auxiliary data to more seamlessly quantify reference data quality as a means to further advance thematic map accuracy assessment. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Wickham, J. D.] US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Stehman, S. V.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Fry, J. A.] US Geol Survey, SGT Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Smith, J. H.] US Geol Survey, Geog Anal & Monitoring Program, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Homer, C. G.] US Geol Survey, EROS Data Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Wickham, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM wickham.james@epa.gov
NR 50
TC 93
Z9 99
U1 3
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2010
VL 114
IS 6
BP 1286
EP 1296
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2010.01.018
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 585XX
UT WOS:000276865000013
ER
PT J
AU Shelly, DR
AF Shelly, David R.
TI Periodic, Chaotic, and Doubled Earthquake Recurrence Intervals on the
Deep San Andreas Fault
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SLIP; TREMOR; MODEL; PARKFIELD; SEISMICITY; CALIFORNIA; BENEATH; HAZARD
AB Earthquake recurrence histories may provide clues to the timing of future events, but long intervals between large events obscure full recurrence variability. In contrast, small earthquakes occur frequently, and recurrence intervals are quantifiable on a much shorter time scale. In this work, I examine an 8.5-year sequence of more than 900 recurring low-frequency earthquake bursts composing tremor beneath the San Andreas fault near Parkfield, California. These events exhibit tightly clustered recurrence intervals that, at times, oscillate between similar to 3 and similar to 6 days, but the patterns sometimes change abruptly. Although the environments of large and low-frequency earthquakes are different, these observations suggest that similar complexity might underlie sequences of large earthquakes.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Shelly, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dshelly@usgs.gov
NR 29
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 3
U2 13
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUN 11
PY 2010
VL 328
IS 5984
BP 1385
EP 1388
DI 10.1126/science.1189741
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 608PO
UT WOS:000278598400035
PM 20538948
ER
PT J
AU Buscombe, D
Rubin, DM
Warrick, JA
AF Buscombe, D.
Rubin, D. M.
Warrick, J. A.
TI A universal approximation of grain size from images of noncohesive
sediment
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
ID DIGITAL IMAGES; HYPERBOLIC DISTRIBUTION; PARTICLE-SIZE; DISTRIBUTIONS;
INFORMATION; STATISTICS; PARAMETERS; RESOLUTION; MEDIA
AB The two-dimensional spectral decomposition of an image of sediment provides a direct statistical estimate, grid-by-number style, of the mean of all intermediate axes of all single particles within the image. We develop and test this new method which, unlike existing techniques, requires neither image processing algorithms for detection and measurement of individual grains, nor calibration. The only information required of the operator is the spatial resolution of the image. The method is tested with images of bed sediment from nine different sedimentary environments (five beaches, three rivers, and one continental shelf), across the range 0.1 mm to 150 mm, taken in air and underwater. Each population was photographed using a different camera and lighting conditions. We term it a "universal approximation" because it has produced accurate estimates for all populations we have tested it with, without calibration. We use three approaches (theory, computational experiments, and physical experiments) to both understand and explore the sensitivities and limits of this new method. Based on 443 samples, the root-mean-squared (RMS) error between size estimates from the new method and known mean grain size (obtained from point counts on the image) was found to be +/-approximate to 16%, with a 95% probability of estimates within +/- 31% of the true mean grain size (measured in a linear scale). The RMS error reduces to approximate to 11%, with a 95% probability of estimates within +/- 20% of the true mean grain size if point counts from a few images are used to correct bias for a specific population of sediment images. It thus appears it is transferable between sedimentary populations with different grain size, but factors such as particle shape and packing may introduce bias which may need to be calibrated for. For the first time, an attempt has been made to mathematically relate the spatial distribution of pixel intensity within the image of sediment to the grain size.
C1 [Buscombe, D.; Rubin, D. M.; Warrick, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Buscombe, D.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Buscombe, D (reprint author), Univ Plymouth, Sch Marine Sci & Engn, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England.
EM daniel.buscombe@plymouth.ac.uk; drubin@usgs.gov; jwarrick@usgs.gov
RI Buscombe, Daniel/F-6283-2011
FU USGS; Office of Naval Research
FX Thanks to Parker Allwardt, Sarah McNaboe, Melinda Garvey, and Liron
Friedman for carrying out manual point counts on images. Thanks to
Patrick Barnard, Katie Farnsworth, Andrew Stevens, and Doug George for
collecting several sediment images. Hank Chezar, Gerry Hatcher, and Rob
Wyland helped with the design and fabrication of the camera systems.
Many images were collected on projects funded by the USGS, Glen Canyon
Adaptive Management Program, and Office of Naval Research. The
manuscript benefited from reviews by Matthew Arsenault, Scott Wright,
Patrice Carbonneau, and two anonymous reviewers. Special thanks to the
Editor for his helpful suggestions regarding the calculation and
presentation of our errors. A program (My Automated Grain size from
Images Code - MAGIC) written in both MATLAB (R) and Python is available
from the authors. The use of MATLAB (R) trade name is for descriptive
purposes and does not constitute endorsement by the USGS.
NR 39
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 5
U2 31
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD JUN 10
PY 2010
VL 115
AR F02015
DI 10.1029/2009JF001477
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 610LH
UT WOS:000278733700002
ER
PT J
AU Izuka, SK
Oki, DS
Engott, JA
AF Izuka, Scot K.
Oki, Delwyn S.
Engott, John A.
TI Simple method for estimating groundwater recharge on tropical islands
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Recharge; Island hydrology; Tropical; Water budget; Hawaii; Samoa
ID WATER RECHARGE; RAINFALL-RECHARGE; MINNESOTA; RATES; FLOW; USA
AB Simple equations relating recharge estimates from previous soil water-budget studies in Hawaii, USA, to mean annual rainfall, soil infiltration, and infiltration minus potential evapotranspiration (PE) were developed. Tests indicate that the equations can be used to estimate groundwater recharge on other tropical islands, but each equation has a different degree of accuracy. In general, the equations will have smaller relative errors in regions having wet climates. The rainfall equation is the least accurate; its use is limited to applications that do not require the highest accuracy. The infiltration and infiltration-minus-PE equations are more accurate and may be useful for regional recharge estimates in areas having mostly high rainfall or a mix of high to moderate rainfall. Transferability of the equations is limited to areas where the predominant climate and soil characteristics are generally similar to those in Hawaii. The equations also may not be accurate enough for estimates where high spatial or temporal detail or accuracy is required. Despite these limitations, the equations can provide a simple and quick generalized estimate of regional recharge for many tropical islands. Because of their simplicity, the equations may be particularly useful for providing a quick and independent estimate of recharge to compare with estimates determined by other methods. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Izuka, Scot K.; Oki, Delwyn S.; Engott, John A.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Water Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
RP Izuka, SK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Water Sci Ctr, 677 Ala Moana Blvd, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
EM skizuka@usgs.gov; dsoki@usgs.gov; jaengott@usgs.gov
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD JUN 7
PY 2010
VL 387
IS 1-2
BP 81
EP 89
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.03.034
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 611CA
UT WOS:000278786900008
ER
PT J
AU Miller, DA
AF Miller, David A.
TI Morphological plasticity reduces the effect of poor developmental
conditions on fledging age in mourning doves
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE fledging; flight; morphology; phenotypic plasticity; stress
ID LIFE-HISTORY; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; NEST PREDATION; ADAPTIVE
PLASTICITY; GROWTH; EVOLUTION; NESTLINGS; BIRDS; RATES; SIZE
AB Developmental plasticity can be integral in adapting organisms to the environment experienced during growth. Adaptive plastic responses may be especially important in prioritizing development in response to stress during ontogeny. To evaluate this, I examined how developmental conditions for mourning doves related to early growth and how this affected fledging age, an important life-history transition for birds. The life history of mourning doves is consistent with strong selective pressure to minimize fledging age. Therefore, I predicted that in the face of nutritional stress associated with experimental brood-size increases, young would prioritize growth to structures that promote early fledging to reduce the effect of slowed overall growth on fledging age. Increasing brood size slowed overall structural growth of nestlings and affected the relative allocation of growth among different body parts. Total wing area was the best predictor of fledging age and individuals from larger broods had larger wings relative to overall body size. Although nestlings from larger broods fledged at later ages owing to slower overall growth, prioritization of wing growth reduced this effect by an estimated 1.6 days relative to the delay if plasticity among body parts had not occurred. This was an 11 per cent reduction in the predicted developmental time it took to reach this important life-history transition. Results demonstrate that preferential allocation to wing growth can affect the timing of this life-history transition and that morphological plasticity during development can have adaptive near-term effects during avian development.
C1 [Miller, David A.] Iowa State Univ, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Miller, David A.] Iowa State Univ, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Miller, DA (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM davidmiller@usgs.gov
RI Miller, David/E-4492-2012
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service-Migratory Game Bird Research
FX All procedures following animal care guidelines were overseen by the
Iowa State University IACUC and proper state and federal permitting
agencies. D. Otis and C. Berns and two anonymous reviewers provided
valuable comments on this manuscript. Funding for this research came
from a US Fish and Wildlife Service-Migratory Game Bird Research Grant.
NR 41
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 19
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD JUN 7
PY 2010
VL 277
IS 1688
BP 1659
EP 1665
DI 10.1098/rspb.2010.0022
PG 7
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 587MX
UT WOS:000276997700006
PM 20129984
ER
PT J
AU La Rocca, M
Galluzzo, D
Malone, S
McCausland, W
Del Pezzo, E
AF La Rocca, Mario
Galluzzo, Danilo
Malone, Steve
McCausland, Wendy
Del Pezzo, Edoardo
TI Array analysis and precise source location of deep tremor in Cascadia
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBDUCTION ZONE; SOUTHWEST JAPAN; EPISODIC TREMOR; SILENT SLIP;
EARTHQUAKES; INTERFACE; VOLCANO
AB We describe a new method to estimate the S-P time of tremor-like signals and its application to the nonvolcanic tremor recorded in July 2004 by three dense arrays in Cascadia. The cross correlation between vertical and horizontal components indicates that very often the high-amplitude tremor signal contains sequences of P and S waves characterized by constant S-P times (TS-P) in the range 3.5-7 s. A detailed observation of the three component seismograms stacked over the array stations confirms the presence of P and S wave sequences. The knowledge of the TS-P poses a strong constrain on the source-array distance, which dramatically reduces the uncertainty on source locations when used with more traditional array processing techniques. Data were analyzed using the zero lag cross-correlation technique (ZLCC) to estimate the propagation properties of the most correlated phases in the wavefield. Detailed polarization analyses were computed using the covariance matrix method in the time domain. Polarization parameters, joint with the results of ZLCC, allows for the discrimination between P and S coherent waves. Results show that the tremor wavefield is composed mostly by shear waves, although a consistent amount of coherent P waves is often observable. The comparison of the back azimuth at the three arrays indicate that the source of deep tremor migrates over a wide area, and often many independent sources located far from each other are active at the same time. The tremor source was located by a probabilistic method that uses the results of ZLCC, given a velocity model. When available, the inclusion of the TS-P time in the location procedure strongly reduces the depth range, with a distribution of hypocenters very near the subduction interface. This result, significantly different compared with previous less precise locations, makes the Cascadia nonvolcanic tremor more similar to the nonvolcanic tremor recorded in Japan, at least in cases of measurable TS-P. The polarization azimuth aligned with the slow slip direction and the source located on the plate interface indicate that deep tremor and slow slip are two different manifestations of a common phenomenon related with the subduction dynamics.
C1 [La Rocca, Mario; Galluzzo, Danilo; Del Pezzo, Edoardo] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Osservatorio Vesuviano, I-80124 Naples, Italy.
[Malone, Steve] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[McCausland, Wendy] US Geol Survey, Cascade Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP La Rocca, M (reprint author), Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Via Diocleziano 328, I-80124 Naples, Italy.
EM mario.larocca@ov.ingv.it; danilo.galluzzo@ov.ingv.it;
steve@ess.washington.edu; wmccausland@usgs.gov;
edoardo.delpezzo@ov.ingv.it
RI Del Pezzo, Edoardo/A-7492-2011
OI Del Pezzo, Edoardo/0000-0002-6981-5967
FU NSF [EAR-0337144]
FX The array project realized in 2004 was funded by NSF EAR-0337144.
Instruments used for Lopez and Sequim arrays were provided partly by
AMRA, Regione Campania, and partly by INGV, Italy. The Sooke array was
provided by the PASSCAL instrument pool of IRIS. Some figures were drawn
using the software GMT [Wessel and Smith, 1998]. Comments by J. C.
Mutter and two anonymous reviewers contributed to improve the paper
quality.
NR 29
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JUN 5
PY 2010
VL 115
AR B00A20
DI 10.1029/2008JB006041
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 606VA
UT WOS:000278455200001
ER
PT J
AU Love, JJ
Gannon, JL
AF Love, Jeffrey J.
Gannon, Jennifer L.
TI Movie-maps of low-latitude magnetic storm disturbance
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID WIND DYNAMIC PRESSURE; RING CURRENT; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; SOLAR-WIND;
INNER MAGNETOSPHERE; OCTOBER 2003; FIELD; SPACE; SIMULATION; SUBSTORM
AB We present 29 movie-maps of low-latitude horizontal-intensity magnetic disturbance for the years 1999-2006: 28 recording magnetic storms and 1 magnetically quiescent period. The movie-maps are derived from magnetic vector time series data collected at up to 25 ground-based observatories. Using a technique similar to that used in the calculation of Dst, a quiet time baseline is subtracted from the time series from each observatory. The remaining disturbance time series are shown in a polar coordinate system that accommodates both Earth rotation and the universal time dependence of magnetospheric disturbance. Each magnetic storm recorded in the movie-maps is different. While some standard interpretations about the storm time equatorial ring current appear to apply to certain moments and certain phases of some storms, the movie-maps also show substantial variety in the local time distribution of low-latitude magnetic disturbance, especially during storm commencements and storm main phases. All movie-maps are available at the U. S. Geological Survey Geomagnetism Program Web site (http://geomag.usgs.gov).
C1 [Love, Jeffrey J.; Gannon, Jennifer L.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Geomagnetism Program, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Love, JJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Geomagnetism Program, Box 25046,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jlove@usgs.gov
RI Love, Jeffrey/N-7593-2013
OI Love, Jeffrey/0000-0002-3324-0348
FU USGS Geomagnetism Program
FX We thank the many institutes listed in Table 1 for their support of
magnetic observatory operations. We acknowledge INTERMAGNET
(www.intermagnet.org) for its role in promoting high standards of
magnetic observatory practice. We thank the ACE, GEOTAIL, WIND, and GOES
science centers for collecting solar wind and interplanetary magnetic
field data; we thank NASA's OmniWeb and CDAWeb teams for making data
easily available. We thank W. J. Burke, J. E. Caldwell, C. A. Finn, J.
P. McCollough, and two anonymous referees for reviewing a draft
manuscript. We thank C. R. Clauer, J. C. Green, T. Iyemori, R. L.
McPherron, K. Mursula, T. G. Onsager, H. J. Singer, B. T. Tsurutani, and
G. R. Wilson for useful conversations. The USGS Geomagnetism Program has
supported this work, the present operation of the Honolulu, San Juan,
Stennis, and Tucson observatories, and the past operation of the Del Rio
and Midway observatories.
NR 62
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U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD JUN 5
PY 2010
VL 8
AR S06001
DI 10.1029/2009SW000518
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA 606VH
UT WOS:000278455900001
ER
PT J
AU Egger, AE
Glen, JMG
Ponce, DA
AF Egger, Anne E.
Glen, Jonathan M. G.
Ponce, David A.
TI The northwestern margin of the Basin and Range province Part 2:
Structural setting of a developing basin from seismic and potential
field data
SO TECTONOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Normal fault; Northwestern Basin and Range; Gravity; Magnetics; Surprise
Valley; Extensional geothermal system
ID NORMAL-FAULT; DIXIE VALLEY; NORTHEASTERN CALIFORNIA; EASTERN CALIFORNIA;
NORTHERN NEVADA; WARNER RANGE; OBLIQUE SLIP; QUATERNARY; ZONE;
EARTHQUAKES
AB Surprise Valley in northeastern California offers an ideal opportunity to examine the structural setting of a developing extensional basin due to its late Miocene to recent activity in isolation from other major normal fault-bound basins. Seismic velocity and potential field modeling help determine the nature of basin fill and identify intra-basin faults. Based on a detailed gravity and magnetic profile, we identify shallow subsurface basalt flows and several faults within the valley that may accommodate hundreds of meters of vertical offset, possibly cutting and offsetting the similar to 30 degrees east-dipping Surprise Valley fault that rotated during footwall tilting of the adjacent warner mountains. Some of these intra-basin faults correspond with mapped Quaternary fault scarps. but others have no surface expression. These faults may represent the currently active fault system within the basin. If so, they would indicate that basin development is transitioning away from the main range-front normal fault to a new set of steep intra-basin faults that are more favorable for accommodating regional transtensional strain. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Egger, Anne E.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Glen, Jonathan M. G.; Ponce, David A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Egger, AE (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM annegger@stanford.edu
FU NSF [0444696]
FX The authors thank Derek Lerch, Katie Keranen and Claudia Flores for help
with velocity modeling. Joe Colgan, Simon Klemperer, and Elizabeth
Miller provided very helpful conversations and reviews during the
preparation of this paper. Seismic data utilized in this paper were
acquired with funding from NSF grant 0444696 to Klemperer. We also thank
Dave John, Gary Axen, and two anonymous reviewers for thorough and
thoughtful reviews that greatly improved the organization and structure
of this manuscript.
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U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0040-1951
J9 TECTONOPHYSICS
JI Tectonophysics
PD JUN 5
PY 2010
VL 488
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 150
EP 161
DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2009.05.029
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 621YY
UT WOS:000279624200011
ER
PT J
AU Ramey, AM
Pearce, JM
Flint, PL
Ip, HS
Derksen, DV
Franson, JC
Petrula, MJ
Scotton, BD
Sowl, KM
Wege, ML
Trust, KA
AF Ramey, Andrew M.
Pearce, John M.
Flint, Paul L.
Ip, Hon S.
Derksen, Dirk V.
Franson, J. Christian
Petrula, Michael J.
Scotton, Bradley D.
Sowl, Kristine M.
Wege, Michael L.
Trust, Kimberly A.
TI Intercontinental reassortment and genomic variation of low pathogenic
avian influenza viruses isolated from northern pintails (Anas acuta) in
Alaska: Examining the evidence through space and time
SO VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Avian influenza; Reassortment; Intercontinental; Spatiotemporal;
Migratory bird; Northern pintail
ID A VIRUSES; WILD BIRDS; MIGRATORY BIRDS; RT-PCR; H5N1; GENES; JAPAN;
DUCKS; PREVALENCE; AMERICA
AB Migration and population genetic data for northern pintails (Anas acuta) and phylogenetic analysis of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses from this host in Alaska suggest that northern pintails are involved in ongoing intercontinental transmission of avian influenza. Here, we further refine this conclusion through phylogenetic analyses which demonstrate that detection of foreign lineage gene segments is spatially dependent and consistent through time. Our results show detection of foreign lineage gene segments to be most likely at sample locations on the Alaska Peninsula and least likely along the Southern Alaska Coast. Asian lineages detected at four gene segments persisted across years, suggesting maintenance in avian hosts that migrate to Alaska each year from Asia or in hosts that remain in Alaska throughout the year. Alternatively, live viruses may persist in the environment and re-infect birds in subsequent seasons. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Ramey, Andrew M.; Pearce, John M.; Flint, Paul L.; Derksen, Dirk V.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Ip, Hon S.; Franson, J. Christian] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Petrula, Michael J.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
[Scotton, Bradley D.] Koyukuk Nowitna Natl Wildlife Refuge, Galena, AK 99641 USA.
[Sowl, Kristine M.] Izembek Natl Wildlife Refuge, Cold Bay, AK 99571 USA.
[Wege, Michael L.] Yukon Delta Natl Wildlife Refuge, Bethel, AK 99559 USA.
[Trust, Kimberly A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Ramey, AM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM aramey@usgs.gov
OI Franson, J/0000-0002-0251-4238; Ramey, Andrew/0000-0002-3601-8400;
Flint, Paul/0000-0002-8758-6993
FU U.S. Geological Survey; USGS; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; USFWS
FX We thank other members of the northern pintail avian influenza research
team including J. Hupp, S. Talbot and M. Petersen. We are grateful to S.
Haseltine (U.S. Geological Survey; USGS), L. Allen (USGS), R. Kearney
(USGS), P. Bright (USGS), and D. Rocque (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
USFWS) for financial and administrative support. We also thank past and
current members of the Diagnostic Virology Laboratory at the USGS
National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC), including T. Egstad, K. Griffin,
M. Houfe, and R. Long. Y. Gillies (USGS Alaska Science Center), D.
Goldberg, and R. Zane (USGS NWHC) coordinated distribution of sampling
materials, receipt of samples, and data verification. J. Terenzi
assisted with the visualization of spatial data and creation of a map of
sample locations for this study. J. Hupp, A. Koehler, A. Reeves, and two
anonymous reviewers provided comments on an earlier version of the
manuscript. None of the authors have any financial interests or conflict
of interest with this article. Any use of trade names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply
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U1 1
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0042-6822
J9 VIROLOGY
JI Virology
PD JUN 5
PY 2010
VL 401
IS 2
BP 179
EP 189
DI 10.1016/j.virol.2010.02.006
PG 11
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 593IL
UT WOS:000277447000007
PM 20227102
ER
PT J
AU Gupta, VK
Mantilla, R
Troutman, BM
Dawdy, D
Krajewski, WF
AF Gupta, Vijay K.
Mantilla, Ricardo
Troutman, Brent M.
Dawdy, David
Krajewski, Witold F.
TI Generalizing a nonlinear geophysical flood theory to medium-sized river
networks
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHANNEL NETWORKS; SCALING EXPONENTS; RAINFALL; RUNOFF; CLIMATE; FLOWS
AB The central hypothesis of a nonlinear geophysical flood theory postulates that, given space-time rainfall intensity for a rainfall-runoff event, solutions of coupled mass and momentum conservation differential equations governing runoff generation and transport in a self-similar river network produce spatial scaling, or a power law, relation between peak discharge and drainage area in the limit of large area. The excellent fit of a power law for the destructive flood event of June 2008 in the 32,400-km(2) Iowa River basin over four orders of magnitude variation in drainage areas supports the central hypothesis. The challenge of predicting observed scaling exponent and intercept from physical processes is explained. We show scaling in mean annual peak discharges, and briefly discuss that it is physically connected with scaling in multiple rainfall-runoff events. Scaling in peak discharges would hold in a non-stationary climate due to global warming but its slope and intercept would change. Citation: Gupta, V. K., R. Mantilla, B. M. Troutman, D. Dawdy, and W. F. Krajewski (2010), Generalizing a nonlinear geophysical flood theory to medium-sized river networks, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L11402, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041540.
C1 [Gupta, Vijay K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mantilla, Ricardo; Krajewski, Witold F.] Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA USA.
[Troutman, Brent M.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Dawdy, David] Hydrol Consultant, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
RP Gupta, VK (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM ricardo-mantilla@uiowa.edu
RI Mantilla, Ricardo/B-9658-2008
OI Mantilla, Ricardo/0000-0002-2957-6252
FU NSF; Iowa Flood Center
FX We want to thank the USGS Iowa Water Science Center for providing the
data used in this study. We also acknowledge helpful reviews by Richard
Webb, Donald Rosenberry, and four anonymous referees, which resulted in
a greatly improved manuscript. The University of Iowa and the University
of Colorado also gratefully acknowledge partial support from NSF grants,
and from the State of Iowa funded Iowa Flood Center.
NR 26
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U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUN 2
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L11402
DI 10.1029/2009GL041540
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 606UD
UT WOS:000278452900001
ER
PT J
AU McMahon, PB
Carney, CP
Poeter, EP
Peterson, SM
AF McMahon, P. B.
Carney, C. P.
Poeter, E. P.
Peterson, S. M.
TI Use of geochemical, isotopic, and age tracer data to develop models of
groundwater flow for the purpose of water management, northern High
Plains aquifer, USA
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; SURFACE-WATER; NOBLE-GASES; NITRATE; BASIN; HE-3;
LAKE; H-3; SF6
AB A prolonged drought in the High Plains of Nebraska prompted the use of groundwater for cooling at the largest coal-fired power plant in the State. Prior to the drought, groundwater was used primarily for irrigation and the power plant relied exclusively on surface water stored in a nearby reservoir for cooling. Seepage from the reservoir system during the past similar to 75 a has resulted in the buildup of a large mound of water in the underlying unconfined aquifer. A well field was installed during the drought for the purpose of tapping the groundwater mound as a supplemental source of water for cooling. Concentrations of dissolved Cl(-) and SO(4)(2-) indicate 65-100% of shallow groundwater and 0-100% of deep groundwater (saturated thickness similar to 115 m) in the immediate vicinity of the reservoir was from seepage out of the reservoir system. Hydrogen and 0 isotopic data indicate most surface-water seepage occurred in the late spring and early summer when reservoir stage was at its highest level. Tritium/(3)He apparent groundwater ages imply horizontal flow velocities from the reservoir were on the order of 60-600 m/a. These diverse data provided information regarding the spatial distribution, timing, and rate of seepage from the reservoir that could not have been obtained from the available geologic, hydraulic head, and conductivity data. In particular, mixing fractions of surface water and regional groundwater in the aquifer could not have been determined using hydraulic information. Mixing fractions were of special interest in this study because of the management objective to maximize the capture of surface-water seepage in the cooling water wells. Groundwater-flow models developed as well-field management tools were calibrated using inverse modeling techniques and observations of groundwater age, surface-water flow, reservoir stage, and groundwater levels. The age data only accounted for 6 of the 2574 field observations used to calibrate the groundwater-flow models, yet they were among the most influential for refining estimates of hydraulic conductivity, recharge, and seepage from the reservoir. Results from this study demonstrate the benefits of using geochemical, isotopic, and age tracer data to develop conceptual and numerical models of groundwater flow for the purpose of water management. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [McMahon, P. B.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Carney, C. P.] Nebraska Publ Power Dist, N Platte, NE USA.
[Carney, C. P.; Poeter, E. P.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Peterson, S. M.] US Geol Survey, Lincoln, NE USA.
RP McMahon, PB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Mail Stop 415, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM pmcmahon@usgs.gov
OI Peterson, Steven/0000-0002-9130-1284
FU Nebraska Public Power District; National Institutes for Water Resources;
US Geological Survey
FX We thank Glen Bowers and Jim Goeke for their help in locating and
drilling monitoring wells, and Andrew Manning for help with dissolved
gas calculations. Brian Barels, J.K. Bohlke, Brian Katz, Ron Zelt, and
three anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on earlier versions
of the manuscript. This work was funded by the Nebraska Public Power
District, the National Institutes for Water Resources, and the US
Geological Survey Cooperative Water Program.
NR 39
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U1 1
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 6
BP 910
EP 922
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.04.001
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 608QW
UT WOS:000278601900011
ER
PT J
AU Hoagstrom, CW
Zymonas, ND
Davenport, SR
Propst, DL
Brooks, JE
AF Hoagstrom, Christopher W.
Zymonas, Nikolas D.
Davenport, Stephen R.
Propst, David L.
Brooks, James E.
TI Rapid species replacements between fishes of the North American plains:
a case history from the Pecos River
SO AQUATIC INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE competitive exclusion; natural flow regime; taxonomic homogenization;
Hybognathus placitus; Hybognathus amarus; Canadian River; Red River
AB A non-native population of plains minnow Hybognathus placitus in the Pecos River, New Mexico, USA, replaced the endemic, ecologically similar Rio Grande silvery minnow Hybognathus amarus in less than 10 years. Competitive exclusion is hypothesized as a mechanism of replacement. The following evidence was examined for potential support: (1) the historical population trend of H. amarus versus H. placitus; (2) relative suitability of the modified flow regime for H. amarus versus H. placitus; (3) potential for habitat overlap; and (4) spawning periodicity and body length in the non-native population of H. placitus. Historical data indicate H. amarus did not decline until H. placitus was present, after which it disappeared rapidly and H. placitus proliferated. The natural flow regime of the Pecos River was changed via base-flow reductions and capture of spring-snowmelt runoff, making it similar to flow regimes associated with likely source populations of non-native H. placitus. Spring runoff is an important spawning cue for H. amarus, but not H. placitus and H. placitus appears to be naturally more tolerant of diminished streamflow. Extant H. placitus were associated with a relatively pristine river reach that was most likely the stronghold for the replaced H. amarus population. Given high ecological similarity, habitat overlap was likely high during the period of replacement. Hybognathus placitus in the Pecos River had a protracted spawning season (April through September), whereas extant H. amarus in the Rio Grande had a short spawning season (a few days in May or June during snowmelt runoff). Most H. amarus die after their first spawning season and few exceed 60 mm standard length (SL), whereas quite a few H. placitus survive at least until their second spawning season and exceed 60 mm SL. Co-occurrence of multiple spawning cohorts may stabilize annual reproductive output of H. placitus and larger individuals may be more fecund and produce larger eggs that survive better. Spawning flexibility, greater size, and higher environmental tolerance likely gave H. placitus a reproductive and survival advantage over H. amarus, consistent with a deterministic pattern of rapid species replacements in the plains, in which tolerant, competitive species from the Red River drainage or Gulf of Mexico coast rapidly replace more sensitive, endemic congeners in disturbed, remnant habitats.
C1 [Hoagstrom, Christopher W.] Weber State Univ, Dept Zool, Ogden, UT 84408 USA.
[Davenport, Stephen R.; Brooks, James E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New Mexico Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
[Zymonas, Nikolas D.; Propst, David L.] New Mexico Dep Game & Fish, Conservat Serv Div, Santa Fe, NM 87504 USA.
RP Hoagstrom, CW (reprint author), Weber State Univ, Dept Zool, 2505 Univ Circle, Ogden, UT 84408 USA.
EM ChristopherHoagstrom@weber.edu; Nik.Zymonas@oregonstate.edu;
Stephen_Davenport@fws.gov; david.propst@state.nm.us; Jim_Brooks@fws.gov
FU U. S. Bureau of Reclamation, Albuquerque Area Office [USFWS
14-16-0002-91-916]
FX The U. S. Bureau of Reclamation, Albuquerque Area Office funded portions
of this project under agreement number USFWS 14-16-0002-91-916. We thank
R. Larson, Jr., J. Smith, B. Wiley, N. Allan, J. Jackson, J. Donahue, H.
Watts, J. Davis, L. Kerbo, L. Torres, and S. Coleman for assistance. We
thank A. Ashley for help with analyses. We would also like to recognize
the works of T. and A. Echelle, A. Kodric-Brown, and T. Turner (and
associates) as inspiration. Comments from two anonymous reviewers
substantially improved this paper.
NR 88
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U1 3
U2 16
PU REGIONAL EURO-ASIAN BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS CENTRE-REABIC
PI HELSINKI
PA PL 3, HELSINKI, 00981, FINLAND
SN 1798-6540
J9 AQUAT INVASIONS
JI Aquat. Invasions
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 2
BP 141
EP 153
DI 10.3391/ai.2010.5.2.03
PG 13
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA V24CZ
UT WOS:000208389800003
ER
PT J
AU Takekawa, JY
Prosser, DJ
Newman, SH
Bin Muzaffar, S
Hill, NJ
Yan, BP
Xiao, XM
Lei, FM
Li, TX
Schwarzbach, SE
Howell, JA
AF Takekawa, John Y.
Prosser, Diann J.
Newman, Scott H.
Bin Muzaffar, Sabir
Hill, Nichola J.
Yan, Baoping
Xiao, Xiangming
Lei, Fumin
Li, Tianxian
Schwarzbach, Steven E.
Howell, Judd A.
TI Victims and vectors: highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 and the
ecology of wild birds
SO AVIAN BIOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE waterfowl; Anatidae; satellite telemetry; host ecology; Central Asian
Flyway
ID MIGRATORY BIRDS; A-VIRUSES; HONG-KONG; DOMESTIC DUCKS; NORTH-AMERICA;
HUMAN HEALTH; CENTRAL CHINA; EASTERN ASIA; WATERFOWL; EVOLUTION
AB The emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses has raised concerns about the role of wild birds in the spread and persistence of the disease. In 2005, an outbreak of the highly pathogenic subtype H5N1 killed more than 6,000 wild waterbirds at Qinghai Lake, China. Outbreaks have continued to periodically occur in wild birds at Qinghai Lake and elsewhere in Central China and Mongolia. This region has few poultry but is a major migration and breeding area for waterbirds in the Central Asian Flyway, although relatively little is known about migratory movements of different species and connectivity of their wetland habitats. The scientific debate has focused on the role of waterbirds in the epidemiology, maintenance and spread of HPAI H5N1: to what extent are they victims affected by the disease, or vectors that have a role in disease transmission? In this review, we summarise the current knowledge of wild bird involvement in the ecology of HPAI H5N1. Specifically, we present details on: (1) origin of HPAI H5N1; (2) waterbirds as LPAI reservoirs and evolution into HPAI; (3) the role of waterbirds in virus spread and persistence; (4) key biogeographic regions of outbreak; and (5) applying an ecological research perspective to studying AIVs in wild waterbirds and their ecosystems.
C1 [Takekawa, John Y.; Bin Muzaffar, Sabir; Hill, Nichola J.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Prosser, Diann J.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Newman, Scott H.] UN, Food & Agr Org, Anim Prod & Hlth Div, EMPRES Wildlife Unit,Infect Dis Grp, I-00153 Rome, Italy.
[Bin Muzaffar, Sabir] United Arab Emirates Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Biol, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates.
[Yan, Baoping] Chinese Acad Sci, Comp Network Informat Ctr, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China.
[Xiao, Xiangming] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Ctr Spatial Anal, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Lei, Fumin] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China.
[Li, Tianxian] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Inst Virol, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.
[Schwarzbach, Steven E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Howell, Judd A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Takekawa, JY (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, 505 Azuar Dr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
EM john_takekawa@usgs.gov
RI Hill, Nichola/G-4003-2011;
OI Prosser, Diann/0000-0002-5251-1799; Muzaffar, Sabir/0000-0001-9195-1677
FU U.S. Geological Survey; USGS Western Ecological and Patuxent Wildlife
Research Centers; United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation;
FAO-EMPRES-Wildlife Unit; National Institutes of Health; Chinese Academy
of Sciences; FAO
FX This study was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Avian Influenza
Program (S. Haseltine, R. Kearney, and P. Bright), USGS Western
Ecological and Patuxent Wildlife Research Centers, the United Nations
Food and Agriculture Organisation, FAO-EMPRES-Wildlife Unit, the
National Institutes of Health and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Assistance was provided by the Qinghai Lake and Poyang Lake National
Nature Reserves and state and provincial Forestry Administration. We
thank E. Moncada, Q. Gao, V. Martin, F. Guo, J. Lubroth, and J. Domenech
of FAO for support of this project. We thank C. Hamilton and J. Pinto
for helping provide outbreak data from the EMPRES-i database. We are
grateful to the many researchers who have shared their knowledge on
avian influenza including J. Brown, C. Cardona, D. Swayne, and D.
Stallknecht. The manuscript was improved by reviews from J. Ackerman, K.
Spragens, and K. Phillips.
NR 142
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U1 3
U2 44
PU SCIENCE REVIEWS 2000 LTD
PI ST ALBANS
PA PO BOX 314, ST ALBANS AL1 4ZG, HERTS, ENGLAND
SN 1758-1559
J9 AVIAN BIOL RES
JI Avian Biol. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 2
BP 51
EP 73
DI 10.3184/175815510X12737339356701
PG 23
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Ornithology; Zoology
SC Agriculture; Zoology
GA 623AK
UT WOS:000279708700001
ER
PT J
AU Soranno, PA
Cheruvelil, KS
Webster, KE
Bremigan, MT
Wagner, T
Stow, CA
AF Soranno, Patricia A.
Cheruvelil, Kendra Spence
Webster, Katherine E.
Bremigan, Mary T.
Wagner, Tyler
Stow, Craig A.
TI Using Landscape Limnology to Classify Freshwater Ecosystems for
Multi-ecosystem Management and Conservation
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE predictive classification; landscape limnology; modeling; ecosystem
management; conservation
ID NUTRIENT CRITERIA; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK;
UNITED-STATES; ECOLOGY; LAKES; CLASSIFICATION; FISHERIES; STREAMS;
MODELS
AB Governmental entities are responsible for managing and conserving large numbers of lake, river, and wetland ecosystems that can be addressed only rarely on a case-by-case basis. We present a system for predictive classification modeling, grounded in the theoretical foundation of landscape limnology, that creates a tractable number of ecosystem classes to which management actions may be tailored. We demonstrate our system by applying two types of predictive classification modeling approaches to develop nutrient criteria for eutrophication management in 1998 north temperate lakes. Our predictive classification system promotes the effective management of multiple ecosystems across broad geographic scales by explicitly connecting management and conservation goals to the classification modeling approach, considering multiple spatial scales as drivers of ecosystem dynamics, and acknowledging the hierarchical structure of freshwater ecosystems. Such a system is critical for adaptive management of complex mosaics of freshwater ecosystems and for balancing competing needs for ecosystem services in a changing world.
C1 [Soranno, Patricia A.; Bremigan, Mary T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Cheruvelil, Kendra Spence] Michigan State Univ, Lyman Briggs Coll, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Webster, Katherine E.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Wagner, Tyler] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Stow, Craig A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Soranno, PA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM soranno@msu.edu
OI Webster, Katherine/0000-0002-6009-0146; Stow, Craig/0000-0001-6171-7855;
Soranno, Patricia/0000-0003-1668-9271
FU US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Wetlands; Oceans; Watershed
National Lakes Assessment Planning Project
FX A portion of this research was supported by a grant from the US
Environmental Protection Agency Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and
Watershed National Lakes Assessment Planning Project to P.A.S., K.E.W,
K.S.C., and M.T.B. We thank the many agency professionals and university
researchers who provided access to lake databases; in particular, John
Downing (Iowa); Timothy Asplund (Wisconsin); Michael Vanni, William
Renwick, and Jeff DeShon (Ohio); Jody Connor (New Hampshire); and Linda
Bacon, Peter Vaux, and Kathleen Bell (Maine). We thank Michigan State
University's Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Science Research
and Outreach Services for quantification of the landscape data. Thanks
to Emi Fergus, Eric Torng, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful
comments on an earlier draft. This is contribution 1546 for the Great
Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory. Finally, we thank Wayne
Wurtsbaugh for coining the term "landscape limnology." Use of trade
names does not imply endorsement by the federal government.
NR 60
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Z9 40
U1 5
U2 63
PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0006-3568
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 60
IS 6
BP 440
EP 454
DI 10.1525/bio.2010.60.6.8
PG 15
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 605OG
UT WOS:000278356300007
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, JP
Wetmore, CM
AF Bennett, James P.
Wetmore, Clifford M.
TI Lichen diversity changes along the Mississippi River in the
Minneapolis-St. Paul urban area
SO BRYOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE lichen diversity; riparian habitat; Mississippi River
AB Lichen diversity along the Mississippi River in the Minneapolis-St. Paul urban area was studied in 2008 by sampling 37 localities along the 110-kilometer river basin, resulting in 76 species, which are thought to represent 80% of the complete flora. A significant decrease in lichen diversity toward the urban part of the river basin, as well as the presence of only one cyanolichen suggests that urban factors, e.g. air pollutants and habitat destruction may be affecting lichen diversity. In addition, lichen diversity has significantly decreased from that of 112 years ago, when a study by Fink reported 113 species, and a higher number of genera represented by a single species.
C1 [Bennett, James P.] US Geol Survey, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Bennett, James P.] Univ Wisconsin, Inst Environm Studies, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Wetmore, Clifford M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Bennett, JP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jpbennet@wisc.edu
FU U. S. Geological Survey, Madison
FX Funding for this study came from the U. S. Geological Survey, Madison.
Wisconsin and is gratefully acknowledged. We also wish to thank the
personnel of the park for their encouragement and cooperation especially
Nancy Duncan for assistance with permits and to Jim Von Haden for
providing the map of the park with the collection localities.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER BRYOLOGICAL LICHENOLOGICAL SOC INC
PI OMAHA
PA C/O DR ROBERT S EGAN, SEC-TRES, ABLS, UNIV NEBRASKA OMAHA, DEPT
BIOLOGY, OMAHA, NE 68182-0040 USA
SN 0007-2745
J9 BRYOLOGIST
JI Bryologist
PD SUM
PY 2010
VL 113
IS 2
BP 252
EP 259
DI 10.1639/0007-2745-113.2.252
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 625CK
UT WOS:000279869600004
ER
PT J
AU Lay, T
Ammon, CJ
Hutko, AR
Kanamori, H
AF Lay, Thorne
Ammon, Charles J.
Hutko, Alexander R.
Kanamori, Hiroo
TI Effects of Kinematic Constraints on Teleseismic Finite-Source Rupture
Inversions: Great Peruvian Earthquakes of 23 June 2001 and 15 August
2007
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SUMATRA-ANDAMAN EARTHQUAKE; JOINT INVERSION; COSEISMIC SLIP; CALIFORNIA;
HISTORY; MODEL; ISLANDS; PISCO; ZONE
AB Two great underthrusting earthquakes that occurred along the coast of Peru in 2001 and 2007 involve spatiotemporal slip distributions that differ from the predominantly unilateral or bilateral rupture expansion of many great events. Commonly used finite-source rupture model parameterizations, with specified rupture velocity and/or short duration of slip at each grid point applied to the seismic data for these two events, lead to incorrect slip-distributions or inaccurate estimation of rupture velocities as a result of intrinsic kinematic constraints imposed on the model slip distributions. Guided by large aperture array back projections of teleseismic broadband P-wave signals that image slip locations without imposing a priori kinematic constraints on the rupture process, we exploit the availability of large global broadband body and surface wave data sets to consider the effects of varying the kinematic constraints in teleseismic finite-source waveform inversions. By allowing longer than usual rupture durations at each point on the fault using a flexible subfault source-time function parameterization, we find that the anomalous attributes of the 2001 and 2007 Peru earthquake ruptures are readily recognized and accounted for by compound rupture models. The great 23 June 2001 (M(w) 8: 4) earthquake involved an initial modest-size event that appears to have triggered a much larger secondary event about 120 km away that developed an overall slip distribution with significant slip located back along the megathrust in the vicinity of the initial rupture. The great 15 August 2007 (M(w) 8: 0) earthquake was also a composite event, with a modest size initial rupture followed by a 60-sec delayed larger rupture that initiated similar to 50-60 km away and spread up-dip and bilaterally. When back projections indicate greater rupture complexity than captured in a simple slip-pulse-type rupture model, one should allow for possible long-subfault slip-duration or composite triggered sequences, and not overly constrain the earthquake slip distribution.
C1 [Lay, Thorne] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Ammon, Charles J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Hutko, Alexander R.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA.
[Kanamori, Hiroo] CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Lay, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM thorne@pmc.ucsc.edu
FU NSF [EAR0453884, EAR0635570]; USGS [05HQGR0174]
FX We thank the Global Seismic Network, Federation of Digital Seismic
Networks, EarthScope USArray operators, and the IRIS Data Management
System for providing access to the bountiful, well-calibrated broadband
seismic recordings used in this article. We have benefited from
discussions with Chen Ji concerning parameterizations for finite-source
inversions. We thank Gavin Hayes for a review and two anonymous
reviewers for their helpful comments. Anthony Sladen kindly provided a
preprint in advance of publication. This article is supported by NSF
grants EAR0453884 and EAR0635570 (TL) and USGS Award Number 05HQGR0174
(CJA).
NR 44
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U1 2
U2 7
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN 1
PY 2010
VL 100
IS 3
BP 969
EP 994
DI 10.1785/0120090274
PG 26
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 596PS
UT WOS:000277697900006
ER
PT J
AU Barkan, R
ten Brink, U
AF Barkan, Roy
ten Brink, Uri
TI Tsunami Simulations of the 1867 Virgin Island Earthquake: Constraints on
Epicenter Location and Fault Parameters
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SEISMIC NETWORK; PUERTO-RICO; BATHYMETRY; REEF; SEA
AB The 18 November 1867 Virgin Island earthquake and the tsunami that closely followed caused considerable loss of life and damage in several places in the northeast Caribbean region. The earthquake was likely a manifestation of the complex tectonic deformation of the Anegada Passage, which cuts across the Antilles island arc between the Virgin Islands and the Lesser Antilles. In this article, we attempt to characterize the 1867 earthquake with respect to fault orientation, rake, dip, fault dimensions, and first tsunami wave propagating phase, using tsunami simulations that employ high-resolution multibeam bathymetry. In addition, we present new geophysical and geological observations from the region of the suggested earthquake source. Results of our tsunami simulations based on relative amplitude comparison limit the earthquake source to be along the northern wall of the Virgin Islands basin, as suggested by Reid and Taber (1920), or on the carbonate platform north of the basin, and not in the Virgin Islands basin, as commonly assumed. The numerical simulations suggest the 1867 fault was striking 120 degrees-135 degrees and had a mixed normal and left-lateral motion. First propagating wave phase analysis suggests a fault striking 300 degrees-315 degrees is also possible. The best-fitting rupture length was found to be relatively small (50 km), probably indicating the earthquake had a moment magnitude of similar to 7.2. Detailed multibeam echo sounder surveys of the Anegada Passage bathymetry between St. Croix and St. Thomas reveal a scarp, which cuts the northern wall of the Virgin Islands basin. High-resolution seismic profiles further indicate it to be a reasonable fault candidate. However, the fault orientation and the orientation of other subparallel faults in the area are more compatible with right-lateral motion. For the other possible source region, no clear disruption in the bathymetry or seismic profiles was found on the carbonate platform north of the basin.
C1 [Barkan, Roy] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Geophys & Planetary Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[ten Brink, Uri] USGS, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Barkan, R (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Geophys & Planetary Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
EM utenbrink@usgs.gov
RI ten Brink, Uri/A-1258-2008
OI ten Brink, Uri/0000-0001-6858-3001
NR 30
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U1 0
U2 3
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN 1
PY 2010
VL 100
IS 3
BP 995
EP 1009
DI 10.1785/0120090211
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 596PS
UT WOS:000277697900007
ER
PT J
AU Hardebeck, JL
AF Hardebeck, Jeanne L.
TI Seismotectonics and Fault Structure of the California Central Coast
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID 6.5 SAN-SIMEON; 22 DECEMBER 2003; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; EARTHQUAKE
LOCATION; FOCAL MECHANISMS; HAYWARD FAULT; TOMOGRAPHY; SEISMICITY;
PARKFIELD; RANGES
AB I present and interpret new earthquake relocations and focal mechanisms for the California Central Coast. The relocations improve upon catalog locations by using 3D seismic velocity models to account for lateral variations in structure and by using relative arrival times from waveform cross-correlation and double-difference methods to image seismicity features more sharply. Focal mechanisms are computed using ray tracing in the 3D velocity models. Seismicity alignments on the Hosgri fault confirm that it is vertical down to at least 12 km depth, and the focal mechanisms are consistent with right-lateral strike-slip motion on a vertical fault. A prominent, newly observed feature is an similar to 25 km long linear trend of seismicity running just offshore and parallel to the coastline in the region of Point Buchon, informally named the Shoreline fault. This seismicity trend is accompanied by a linear magnetic anomaly, and both the seismicity and the magnetic anomaly end where they obliquely meet the Hosgri fault. Focal mechanisms indicate that the Shoreline fault is a vertical strike-slip fault. Several seismicity lineations with vertical strike-slip mechanisms are observed in Estero Bay. Events greater than about 10 km depth in Estero Bay, however, exhibit reverse-faulting mechanisms, perhaps reflecting slip at the top of the remnant subducted slab. Strike-slip mechanisms are observed offshore along the Hosgri-San Simeon fault system and onshore along the West Huasna and Rinconada faults, while reverse mechanisms are generally confined to the region between these two systems. This suggests a model in which the reverse faulting is primarily due to restraining left-transfer of right-lateral slip.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Hardebeck, JL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jhardebeck@usgs.gov
OI Hardebeck, Jeanne/0000-0002-6737-7780
FU USGS/PGE
FX I am grateful to Marcia McLaren for many helpful discussions about
California Central Coast seismicity and constructive comments on this
work. I thank Nicholas van der Elst for providing the combined CISN and
PG&E phase catalog, Megan Stanton for providing the PG&E waveforms, and
Tom Brocher for providing the travel times for the active source
experiments. I am grateful to David Oppenheimer, Robert Simpson, Marcia
McLaren, Jessica Murray-Moraleda, Ruth Harris, Vicki Langenheim, and Tom
Hanks for their helpful reviews of an earlier version of this manuscript
and to Cliff Thurber and Felix Waldhauser for their careful reviews of
the velocity model inversion and earthquake relocations. This research
was funded in part by the USGS/PG&E Cooperative Research and Development
Agreement.
NR 36
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U1 1
U2 6
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI EL CERRITO
PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN 1
PY 2010
VL 100
IS 3
BP 1031
EP 1050
DI 10.1785/0120090307
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 596PS
UT WOS:000277697900009
ER
PT J
AU Seekins, LC
Boatwright, J
AF Seekins, Linda C.
Boatwright, John
TI Rupture Directivity of Moderate Earthquakes in Northern California
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNITUDE
AB We invert peak ground velocity and acceleration (PGV and PGA) to estimate rupture direction and rupture velocity for 47 moderate earthquakes (3.5 >= M >= 5.4) in northern California. We correct sets of PGAs and PGVs recorded at stations less than 55-125 km, depending on source depth, for site amplification and source-receiver distance, then fit the residual peak motions to the unilateral directivity function of Ben-Menahem (1961). We independently invert PGA and PGV. The rupture direction can be determined using as few as seven peak motions if the station distribution is sufficient. The rupture velocity is unstable, however, if there are no takeoff angles within 30 degrees of the rupture direction. Rupture velocities are generally subsonic (0.5 beta-0.9 beta); for stability, we limit the rupture velocity at v = 0.92 beta, the Rayleigh wave speed. For 73 of 94 inversions, the rupture direction clearly identifies one of the nodal planes as the fault plane. The 35 strike-slip earthquakes have rupture directions that range from nearly horizontal (6 events) to directly updip (5 events); the other 24 rupture partly along strike and partly updip. Two strike-slip earthquakes rupture updip in one inversion and downdip in the other. All but 1 of the 11 thrust earthquakes rupture predominantly updip. We compare the rupture directions for 10 M >= 4.0 earthquakes to the relative location of the mainshock and the first two weeks of aftershocks. Spatial distributions of 8 of 10 aftershock sequences agree well with the rupture directivity calculated for the mainshock.
C1 [Seekins, Linda C.; Boatwright, John] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Seekins, LC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 9
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U1 0
U2 2
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD JUN 1
PY 2010
VL 100
IS 3
BP 1107
EP 1119
DI 10.1785/0120090161
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 596PS
UT WOS:000277697900013
ER
PT J
AU Mclain, JS
AF Mclain, Jeffrey S.
TI MANAGING THE TUOLUMNE RIVER FOR SALMONIDS: ASSESSMENT OF THE 1995
SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT
SO CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME
LA English
DT Article
DE California; Chinook salmon; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Oncorhynchus
tshawytscha; San Joaquin River; steelhead; Tuolumne River; Yosemite
AB The Tuolumne River originates at elevations over 3,900 meters in Yosemite Valley, California along the Western Sierra and is the largest tributary to the San Joaquin River of the Central Valley, draining an area of approximately 2,500 km(2). The Tuolumne River was once home to a healthy population of spring and fall-run Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, the spring-run likely ascending upstream as high as the boundary of Yosemite National Park, at an elevation of nearly 760 meters. Although historical records of the presence of Central Valley steelhead, Oncorhynchus mykiss are poor, they were believed to be well distributed in the Tuolumne River and its smaller tributaries. A series of dams for water supply, hydroelectric generation, and flood control were constructed starting in the 1890s. These dams cut off access by native anadromous fish to as much as 90 h. of their spawning habitat. In 1996 the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission issued an order amending a 1964 license, which included a 1995 Settlement Agreement. The 1995 Settlement Agreement designated a Technical Advisory Committee to oversee implementation of the agreement and its requirements. A review of the hydrographs of the Tuolumne River during the first 8 years under the Settlement Agreement revealed they were significantly different in timing and magnitude than recommended by resource agencies. This paper discusses management implications of the Settlement Agreement, and also offers recommendations for improvement.
C1 [Mclain, Jeffrey S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA.
RP Mclain, JS (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 650 Capitol Mall, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
EM Jeff.McLain@noaa.gov
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 10
PU CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME EDITOR
PI SACRAMENTO
PA 1416 NINTH ST, SACRAMENTO, CA 95814 USA
SN 0008-1078
J9 CALIF FISH GAME
JI Calif. Fish Game
PD SUM
PY 2010
VL 96
IS 3
BP 173
EP 187
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Zoology
GA 703OE
UT WOS:000285987300001
ER
PT J
AU Archdeacon, TP
Bonar, SA
AF Archdeacon, Thomas P.
Bonar, Scott A.
TI INTRASPECIFIC PREDATION IN ENDANGERED MOHAVE TUI CHUB
SO CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Archdeacon, Thomas P.; Bonar, Scott A.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Archdeacon, TP (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New Mexico Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 3800 Commons Ave NE, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
EM Thomas_Archdeacon@fws.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 15
PU CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME EDITOR
PI SACRAMENTO
PA 1416 NINTH ST, SACRAMENTO, CA 95814 USA
SN 0008-1078
J9 CALIF FISH GAME
JI Calif. Fish Game
PD SUM
PY 2010
VL 96
IS 3
BP 213
EP 215
PG 3
WC Fisheries; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Zoology
GA 703OE
UT WOS:000285987300004
ER
PT J
AU Lovich, JE
Znari, M
Baamrane, MAA
Naimi, M
Mostalih, A
AF Lovich, Jeffrey E.
Znari, Mohammed
Baamrane, Moulay Abdeljalil Ait
Naimi, Mohamed
Mostalih, Abdelouahab
TI Biphasic Geographic Variation in Sexual Size Dimorphism of Turtle
(Mauremys leprosa) Populations Along an Environmental Gradient in
Morocco
SO CHELONIAN CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Reptilia; Testudines; Geoemydidae; Mauremys leprosa; turtle; sexual size
dimorphism; natural selection; sexual selection; maturity; Morocco
ID STRIPE-NECKED TERRAPIN; CLUTCH SIZE; POND TURTLE; GROWTH; REPTILES;
ALLOMETRY; RESPONSES; MATURITY; LIZARDS; SNAKES
AB The varying influences of selective forces throughout a species' range can result in geographic variation in sexual size dimorphism (SSD). The Moroccan turtle, Mauremys leprosa, occupies an extremely wide variety of ecoregions and habitats, including coastal rivers, mountain streams, oases, and intermittent rivers in the northern fringe of the Sahara Desert. To assess geographic variation in SSD, we collected specimens along an environmental gradient in central Morocco, including Oued (River) Ksob on the Atlantic coast, Oued Zat in the High Atlas Mountain foothills, and Oued Draa in the Sahara Desert. Only turtles with conspicuous secondary sexual characteristics were included in our analysis. We calculated a sexual dimorphism index (SDI) using the mean size of the larger sex divided by the mean size of the smaller sex and subtracted one from that ratio. The direction of SSD was biphasic: in one population males and females exhibited the same body size, whereas, in two other populations, females were larger than males. Mean straight-line carapace lengths of males and females were not statistically different at Oued Ksob (SDI = 0.08), and females were relatively small. In contrast, females from Oued Zat were significantly larger than males (SDI = 0.56) and females were larger than those from Oued Ksob. SSD was most dramatic at Oued Driia (SDI = 0.92) and much greater than any value previously reported for the species, with females exhibiting a mean carapace length greater than those in the other 2 rivers. A 2 X 3 factorial analysis of variance that compared the mean size of the sexes among the 3 sites yielded a significant SEX X LOCALITY interaction (p < 0.001), which demonstrated geographic variation in SSD. Geographic variation in SSD appears to represent the interaction of natural and sexual selection on growth rates and maturity schedules of males and females in different environments.
C1 [Lovich, Jeffrey E.] No Arizona Univ, US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Znari, Mohammed; Baamrane, Moulay Abdeljalil Ait; Naimi, Mohamed; Mostalih, Abdelouahab] Cadi Ayyad Univ, Dept Biol, Fac Sci Semlalia, Lab Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Marrakech 40000, Morocco.
RP Lovich, JE (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Appl Res & Dev Bldg,POB 5614, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov; znari@ucam.ac.ma
OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831
FU Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
FX We thank the Naimi family for generously providing accommodations for us
in Essaouira, and the Moulay Abderrahman El Amrani family for providing
the same in Zagora. We are also indebted to Lahcen Ameziane, the Dean of
the Faculty of Sciences-Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech,
Morocco, for providing support for our research. Special thanks to the
Fulbright Program of the US Department of State for facilitating our
collaboration with grants to both Lovich and Znari. The use of product
names in this article does not constitute an endorsement by the US
Geological Survey. Earlier versions of this manuscript benefitted from
comments offered by Whit Gibbons, Charles Drost, Marco Zuffi, and an
anonymous reviewer.
NR 62
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U1 1
U2 10
PU CHELONIAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LUNENBURG
PA 168 GOODRICH ST., LUNENBURG, MA USA
SN 1071-8443
J9 CHELONIAN CONSERV BI
JI Chelonian Conserv. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 1
BP 45
EP 53
DI 10.2744/CCB-0788.1
PG 9
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 618AI
UT WOS:000279322900006
ER
PT J
AU Ennen, JR
Lovich, JE
Kreiser, BR
Selman, W
Qualls, CP
AF Ennen, Joshua R.
Lovich, Jeffrey E.
Kreiser, Brian R.
Selman, W.
Qualls, Carl P.
TI Genetic and Morphological Variation Between Populations of the
Pascagoula Map Turtle (Graptemys gibbonsi) in the Pearl and Pascagoula
Rivers with Description of a New Species
SO CHELONIAN CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Reptilia; Testudines; Emydidae; turtle; Graptemys; systematics;
taxonomy; conservation; mitochondrial DNA; morphometrics; Mississippi;
Louisiana; USA
ID UNITED-STATES; EMYDID TURTLES; EVOLUTION; MITOCHONDRIAL; TESTUDINES;
SPECIATION; CONSERVATION; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; PHYLOGENIES; SYSTEMATICS
AB Cryptic or undescribed species pose a major problem in conservation biology. Managing multiple unresolved taxa collectively as a single entity could precipitate the loss of unrecognized genetic variation and unique populations and, possibly, lead to extinction of undiscovered or unrecognized taxa. In contrast to other species in its clade, the Pascagoula map turtle (Graptemys gibbonsi), as currently recognized, is not confined to a single major river system (or a cluster formed by a major river and adjacent minor drainages) but occurs in two major river systems, the Pearl and Pascagoula Rivers. We analyzed G. gibbonsi samples from both rivers for the first time in a morphological and molecular assessment of the taxonomic status of this poorly studied species. We compared the extent of genetic differentiation (mitochondria! DNA; mtDNA) between G. gibbonsi populations with members within the pulchra clade and between Graptemys oculifera and Graptemys flavimaculata. We found significant carapace pattern variation and morphological differentiation between the Pearl and Pascagoula river samples of G. gibbonsi. Our mtDNA sequences showed greater genetic differentiation between G. gibbonsi samples from the Pearl and Pascagoula rivers than between two recognized and reciprocally sympatric species, G. oculifera (Pearl River) and G. flavimaculata (Pascagoula River), but revealed only a modest degree of differentiation when compared to other members of the pulchra clade. Based on the degree of differentiation in 1) morphology, 2) color patterns, and 3) mtDNA, in addition to their 4) allopatric distributions, we describe a new species from the Pearl River, restricting the species G. gibbonsi to the Pascagoula River.
C1 [Ennen, Joshua R.; Kreiser, Brian R.; Selman, W.; Qualls, Carl P.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
[Ennen, Joshua R.; Lovich, Jeffrey E.] No Arizona Univ, US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Ennen, JR (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
EM joshua.ennen@usm.edu; jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov; brian.kreiser@usm.edu;
will.selman@usm.edu; carl.qualls@usm.edu
OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831
FU Chelonian Research Foundation; Mississippi Department of Wildlife,
Fisheries, and Parks
FX Funding for this project was partially obtained through Chelonian
Research Foundation's Linnaeus Fund and indirectly funded by the
Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks. Collecting
permits to conduct this research were provided by the Mississippi
Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks. We thank R. Thomson,
University of California at Davis, for samples of G. pulchra, G. ernsti,
and G. barbouri. Also, we thank R. Jones, the Mississippi Museum of
Natural Sciences, for providing additional samples. We thank C. Guyer,
curator of the Robert Mount Museum of Reptiles and Amphibians, and S.
Rogers of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. This work was approved
by the University of Southern Mississippi's IACUC (protocol 07032201).
We thank the following people for comments and thoughts on various
drafts of this manuscript: M. Davis, C. Ernst, J.W. Gibbons, J. Iverson,
R. Jones, P. Lindeman, J. Parham, and J. Schaefer. D. Jones of the US
Geological Survey created our map. Use of product trade names does not
constitute US Geological Survey endorsement of any product.
NR 78
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U1 5
U2 12
PU CHELONIAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LUNENBURG
PA 168 GOODRICH ST., LUNENBURG, MA USA
SN 1071-8443
EI 1943-3956
J9 CHELONIAN CONSERV BI
JI Chelonian Conserv. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 1
BP 98
EP 113
DI 10.2744/CCB-0835.1
PG 16
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 618AI
UT WOS:000279322900012
ER
PT J
AU Leith, KF
Bowerman, WW
Wierda, MR
Best, DA
Grubb, TG
Sikarske, JG
AF Leith, Katherine F.
Bowerman, William W.
Wierda, Michael R.
Best, Dave A.
Grubb, Teryl G.
Sikarske, James G.
TI A comparison of techniques for assessing central tendency in
left-censored data using PCB and p,p ' DDE contaminant concentrations
from Michigan's Bald Eagle Biosentinel Program
SO CHEMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Kaplan-Meier; Substitution; Outliers; Multiple imputation; Non-detect
ID ENVIRONMENTAL DATA; DATA SETS; VALUES; DIOXIN
AB Monitoring of contaminants in the environment is an important part of understanding the fate of ecosystems after a chemical insult. Frequently, such monitoring efforts result in datasets with observations below the detection limit (DL) that are reported as 'non-detect' or '4 Ga ago until today. This activity shows episodic pulses in intensity of both volcanic and fluvial/glacial processes at similar to 3.8-3.3 Ga, 2.0-1.8 Ga, 1.6 to 1.2 Ga, similar to 800 to 300 my., similar to 200 my., and similar to 100 m.y., and a possible weaker phase around similar to 2.5-2.2 Ga ago. In between these episodes, there was relative quiescence of volcanic and/or fluvial/glacial activity. The episodes we find on the Martian surface in the crater frequency analyses of HRSC, MOC and THEMIS data coincide with some age groups of the Martian meteorites (similar to 1.3 Ga, similar to 600-300 my., similar to 170 my.). It appears that the surface activity expressions and their episodicity are related to the interior evolution of the planet when convection in the asymptotic stationary state changes from the so-called stagnant-lid regime to an episodic behavior. Similarities in episodic behavior are found for the other terrestrial planets: Venus, the Earth's moon, and the Earth itself suggesting a common general relationship in the evolutionary tracks. (C) 2009 Elsevier By. All rights reserved.
C1 [Neukum, G.; Basilevsky, A. T.; Kneissl, T.; Chapmam, M. G.; van Gasselt, S.; Michael, G.; Jaumann, R.] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Geosci, D-12249 Berlin, Germany.
[Basilevsky, A. T.] RAS, Vernadsky Inst Geochem & Analyt Chem, Moscow 119991, Russia.
[Chapmam, M. G.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Jaumann, R.; Hoffmann, H.] Inst Planet Expl, DLR, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Lanz, J. K.] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Planetol, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany.
RP Neukum, G (reprint author), Free Univ Berlin, Inst Geosci, D-12249 Berlin, Germany.
EM gerhard.neukum@fu-berlin.de
RI van Gasselt, Stephan/L-9762-2013
OI van Gasselt, Stephan/0000-0003-2130-6343
FU German Science Foundation (DFG) [SPP 1115, NE 212/8-3]; Helmholtz
Association; German Space Agency (DLR) [50QM0301]
FX This research was partly supported by the German Science Foundation
(DFG) through the Priority Program Mars and the Terrestrial Planets
(DFG-SPP 1115, Project: Chronostratigraphy of Mars, grant: NE 212/8-3),
the Helmholtz Association through the research alliance "Planetary
Evolution and Life", and the German Space Agency (DLR), grant: 50QM0301
(HRSC on Mars Express).
NR 111
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U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD JUN 1
PY 2010
VL 294
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 204
EP 222
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2009.09.006
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 614VJ
UT WOS:000279087600003
ER
PT J
AU Williams, DA
Greeley, R
Manfredi, L
Fergason, RL
Combe, JP
Poulet, F
Pinet, P
Rosemberg, C
Clenet, H
McCord, TB
Raitala, J
Neukum, G
AF Williams, David A.
Greeley, Ronald
Manfredi, Leon
Fergason, Robin L.
Combe, Jean-Phillipe
Poulet, Francois
Pinet, Patrick
Rosemberg, Christine
Clenet, Harold
McCord, Thomas B.
Raitala, Jouko
Neukum, Gerhard
CA HRSC Co-Investigator Team
TI Surface-compositional properties of the Malea Planum region of the
Circum-Hellas Volcanic Province, Mars
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars volcanism; HRSC; OMEGA; THEM IS; TES; spectroscopy; basalts
ID THERMAL EMISSION SPECTROMETER; BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; ATMOSPHERIC
OBSERVATIONS; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; HYPERSPECTRAL DATA; LASER
ALTIMETER; TYRRHENA PATERA; GROUND ICE; MGS-TES; INERTIA
AB We used Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES), Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS), High-Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC), and Observatoire pour la Mineralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activite (OMEGA) data to assess the physical and compositional properties of the Malea Planum portion of the Circum-Hellas Volcanic Province (CHVP). Our analysis of surface materials shows that the thermal inertia decreases from north to south, and that there is greater dust cover on the flanks of the CHVP volcanoes than in their putative calderas. Local variations in thermal inertia in Malea Planum are likely due to variations in surface material caused by aeolian and periglacial/permafrost processes, whereas regional variations are likely due to seasonal deposition and sublimation of ice at higher latitudes. Spectral analysis of OMEGA data indicates the widespread presence of pyroxenes and/or olivine, particularly in the rims of craters that likely excavated volcanic materials. Dark materials occur throughout the CHVP, but are concentrated in topographic lows such as crater and caldera floors. Derivation of modal mineralogies from OMEGA data show a variation in composition of dark materials across Malea Planum: eastern dark deposits have higher olivine and low-calcium pyroxene contents, lower high-calcium pyroxene contents, and higher ratios of low-calcium to total pyroxene, relative to western dark deposits. Correlation with cratering-model age estimates suggests that the western deposits are associated with older features (3.8 Ga) than the eastern deposits (3.6 Ga), but these age differences are within uncertainties. Nevertheless, these results suggest a potential change in composition of volcanic materials in the Malea Planum portion of the CHVP with space, and possibly time. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Williams, David A.; Greeley, Ronald; Manfredi, Leon] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Fergason, Robin L.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Combe, Jean-Phillipe; McCord, Thomas B.] Bear Fight Ctr, Winthrop, WA 98862 USA.
[Poulet, Francois] Univ Paris 11, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Pinet, Patrick; Rosemberg, Christine; Clenet, Harold] Univ Toulouse 3, Observ Midi Pyrenees, Lab Dynam Terr & Planetaire, CNRS,UMR 5562, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
[Raitala, Jouko] Univ Oulu, Astron Div, Dept Phys Sci, Oulu, Finland.
[Neukum, Gerhard] Free Univ Berlin, Dept Earth Sci, Inst Geosci Planetary Sci & Remote Sensing, D-12249 Berlin, Germany.
RP Williams, DA (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Box 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM David.Williams@asu.edu
RI Clenet, Harold/B-7621-2016
OI Clenet, Harold/0000-0002-6743-7798
FU NASA through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
FX We thank Nathaniel Putzig and an anonymous reviewer for comments that
considerably improved the quality of this manuscript. We thank the HRSC
Experiment Teams at DLR Berlin and the Freie Universitat Berlin and the
OMEGA Experiment Team at the Universite Paris-Sud, Orsay, as well as the
Mars Express Project Teams at ESTEC and ESOC for their successful
planning and acquisition of data, as well as for making the processed
data available to the HRSC Team. We acknowledge the effort of the HRSC
Co-Investigator Team members and their associates who have contributed
to this investigation in the preparatory phase and in scientific
discussions within the Team. This research was supported by NASA through
the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for US participation in the ESA Mars
Express mission, and through the NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics
Program.
NR 109
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U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD JUN 1
PY 2010
VL 294
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 451
EP 465
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2009.11.019
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 614VJ
UT WOS:000279087600021
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, DP
Rieman, BE
Young, MK
Brammer, JA
AF Peterson, Douglas P.
Rieman, Bruce E.
Young, Michael K.
Brammer, James A.
TI Modeling predicts that redd trampling by cattle may contribute to
population declines of native trout
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE cattle grazing; mechanical disturbance; Montana, USA; mortality;
Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi; persistence; population models; resilience;
riparian habitat; trampling; westslope cutthroat trout
ID WESTSLOPE CUTTHROAT TROUT; NONNATIVE BROOK TROUT; SUMMER CHINOOK SALMON;
WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; UNITED-STATES; TRADE-OFFS;
STREAM; MANAGEMENT; INVASION
AB Unrestricted livestock grazing can degrade aquatic ecosystems, and its effects on native vertebrate species are generally mediated by changes to physical habitat. Recently, high estimated rates of cattle trampling on artificial redds within federal grazing allotments in southwestern Montana, USA, has raised concern that direct mortality from trampling may contribute to imperilment of native westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi). To explore the implications of cattle trampling, we built two mathematical models. First we used a temperature-driven model of egg-to-fry mortality representative of the developmental stages during which embryos would be vulnerable to trampling. Cattle trampling was an additional source of mortality (beyond natural mortality), and we modeled egg-to-fry mortality across a range of trampling rates (25-125% per month) for scenarios assuming low (0.60), moderate (0.81), and high (0.95) natural mortality. We then used a matrix model to determine how trampling affected population growth (lambda), assuming initially stable (lambda = 1.008) or slow-growing populations (lambda = 1.025 and 1.05). Cattle trampling concentrated over a few days when the embryos were most sensitive caused greater egg-to-fry mortality than when the same amount of trampling occurred over one month. Trampling caused a large increase in egg-to-fry mortality when that natural mortality was low, but the overall population-level effect was far less than might have been anticipated from the rate of trampling itself. Nonetheless, small reductions in population growth rate could be biologically significant for populations with little or no demographic resilience, and trampling rates as low as 25% could lead to negative population growth. The rapid reduction in resilience with increased trampling rates (>50%) means that even growing populations are less likely to recover from periodic fluctuations. The overall risk posed by trampling will depend on whether cutthroat trout populations face concurrent threats that have already reduced their abundance and resilience. Biologists can potentially use the egg-to-fry model and thermograph data to identify dates when limiting cattle presence in or near stream habitats would likely reduce mortality from trampling. Evaluation of grazing policies on federal lands may be needed to ensure that species conservation and land use concerns are equitably balanced.
C1 [Peterson, Douglas P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
[Rieman, Bruce E.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Young, Michael K.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Brammer, James A.] USDA Forest Serv, Dillon, MT 59725 USA.
RP Peterson, DP (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 585 Shepard Way, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
EM doug_peterson@fws.gov
FU U.S. Forest Service, Region 1
FX Kate Walker of the U.S. Forest Service, Region 1, secured funding for
this project. Robert Van Kirk, David Turner, and an anonymous reviewer
provided helpful suggestions that improved the manuscript. The findings
and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or
U.S. Forest Service.
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PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 4
BP 954
EP 966
DI 10.1890/09-0679.1
PG 13
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 611ZV
UT WOS:000278865200005
PM 20597282
ER
PT J
AU Martin, J
Chamaille-Jammes, S
Nichols, JD
Fritz, H
Hines, JE
Fonnesbeck, CJ
MacKenzie, DI
Bailey, LL
AF Martin, Julien
Chamaille-Jammes, Simon
Nichols, James D.
Fritz, Herve
Hines, James E.
Fonnesbeck, Christopher J.
MacKenzie, Darryl I.
Bailey, Larissa L.
TI Simultaneous modeling of habitat suitability, occupancy, and relative
abundance: African elephants in Zimbabwe
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive resource management; African elephants; detection
probabilities; Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe; joint habitat occupancy
modeling; Loxodonta africana; multistate site occupancy models;
structured decision making; surface water
ID NATIONAL-PARK; MANAGEMENT; FLUCTUATIONS; POPULATIONS; THRESHOLDS;
DYNAMICS
AB The recent development of statistical models such as dynamic site occupancy models provides the opportunity to address fairly complex management and conservation problems with relatively simple models. However, surprisingly few empirical studies have simultaneously modeled habitat suitability and occupancy status of organisms over large landscapes for management purposes. Joint modeling of these components is particularly important in the context of management of wild populations, as it provides a more coherent framework to investigate the population dynamics of organisms in space and time for the application of management decision tools. We applied such an approach to the study of water hole use by African elephants in Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe. Here we show how such methodology may be implemented and derive estimates of annual transition probabilities among three dry-season states for water holes: (1) unsuitable state (dry water holes with no elephants); (2) suitable state (water hole with water) with low abundance of elephants; and (3) suitable state with high abundance of elephants. We found that annual rainfall and the number of neighboring water holes influenced the transition probabilities among these three states. Because of an increase in elephant densities in the park during the study period, we also found that transition probabilities from low abundance to high abundance states increased over time. The application of the joint habitat-occupancy models provides a coherent framework to examine how habitat suitability and factors that affect habitat suitability influence the distribution and abundance of organisms. We discuss how these simple models can further be used to apply structured decision-making tools in order to derive decisions that are optimal relative to specified management objectives. The modeling framework presented in this paper should be applicable to a wide range of existing data sets and should help to address important ecological, conservation, and management problems that deal with occupancy, relative abundance, and habitat suitability.
C1 [Martin, Julien] Univ Florida, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Martin, Julien; Nichols, James D.; Hines, James E.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Chamaille-Jammes, Simon; Fritz, Herve] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, Lab Biometrie & Biol Evolut, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
[Fonnesbeck, Christopher J.] Univ Otago, Dept Math & Stat, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[MacKenzie, Darryl I.] Proteus Wildlife Res Consultants, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[Bailey, Larissa L.] Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Martin, J (reprint author), Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 100 8th Ave SE, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM julienm@ufl.edu
RI Chamaille-Jammes, Simon/B-3833-2009; Bailey, Larissa/A-2565-2009; Fritz,
Herve/D-1729-2014
OI Chamaille-Jammes, Simon/0000-0003-0505-6620; Fritz,
Herve/0000-0002-7106-3661
FU CNRS; French "Agence Nationale de la Recherche'' [ANR-05-BDIV-013-01]
FX This work was partially funded by the CNRS program "Ingenierie
Ecologique'' and the BioFUN grant of the French "Agence Nationale de la
Recherche'' (ANR-05-BDIV-013-01). We are indebted to Wildlife
Environment Zimbabwe, which provided the census data.
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PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 4
BP 1173
EP 1182
DI 10.1890/09-0276.1
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 611ZV
UT WOS:000278865200022
PM 20597299
ER
PT J
AU Bailey, LL
Converse, SJ
Kendall, WL
AF Bailey, Larissa L.
Converse, Sarah J.
Kendall, William L.
TI Bias, precision, and parameter redundancy in complex multistate models
with unobservable states
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE albatross; identifiability; mark-recapture; parameter redundancy; robust
design; salamanders; temporary emigration
ID TEMPORARY EMIGRATION; RECAPTURE MODELS; PROGRAM MARK; SURVIVAL
AB Multistate mark-recapture models with unobservable states can yield unbiased estimators of survival probabilities in the presence of temporary emigration (i.e., in cases where some individuals are temporarily unavailable for capture). In addition, these models permit the estimation of transition probabilities between states, which may themselves be of interest; for example, when only breeding animals are available for capture. However, parameter redundancy is frequently a problem in these models, yielding biased parameter estimates and influencing model selection. Using numerical methods, we examine complex multistate mark-recapture models involving two observable and two unobservable states. This model structure was motivated by two different biological systems: one involving island-nesting albatross, and another involving pond-breeding amphibians. We found that, while many models are theoretically identifiable given appropriate constraints, obtaining accurate and precise parameter estimates in practice can be difficult. Practitioners should consider ways to increase detection probabilities or adopt robust design sampling in order to improve the properties of estimates obtained from these models. We suggest that investigators interested in using these models explore both theoretical identifiability and possible near-singularity for likely parameter values using a combination of available methods.
C1 [Bailey, Larissa L.; Converse, Sarah J.; Kendall, William L.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Converse, Sarah J.] Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Bailey, LL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM Larissa.Bailey@colostate.edu
RI Bailey, Larissa/A-2565-2009
FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0414118]; USGS Amphibian Research and
Monitoring Initiative; USFWS Regions 1 and 7; USGS Patuxent Wildlife
Research Center through the Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit
FX C. M. Hunter, J. D. Nichols, and H. Caswell shared their explorations of
redundancy issues, and B. Gardner, D. J. Cole, and one anonymous
reviewer provided numerous helpful suggestions. R. Choquet, O. Gimenez,
and J. D. Lebreton provided thorough explanations of the methods
incorporated in program M-SURGE. J. E. Hines provided software for
generating expected encounter histories, and P. G. Ryan, D. R. Church,
and H. M. Wilbur shared data and details of their study systems. This
work was funded in part by the National Science Foundation (DEB 0414118
to H. M. Wilbur) and USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative.
Financial support for S. J. Converse was provided by USFWS Regions 1 and
7 and USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, through the Colorado
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit.
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U2 25
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 6
BP 1598
EP 1604
DI 10.1890/09-1633.1
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 611YB
UT WOS:000278859700006
PM 20583702
ER
PT J
AU McClintock, BT
Nichols, JD
Bailey, LL
MacKenzie, DI
Kendall, WL
Franklin, AB
AF McClintock, Brett T.
Nichols, James D.
Bailey, Larissa L.
MacKenzie, Darryl I.
Kendall, William. L.
Franklin, Alan B.
TI Seeking a second opinion: uncertainty in disease ecology
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Host and pathogen dynamics; imperfect detection; incidence;
misclassification; observation error; occupancy; presence-absence;
prevalence; spatial epidemiology; species occurrence
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; INFLUENZA-A VIRUS;
BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; AVIAN INFLUENZA; DETECTION
PROBABILITIES; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; BOREAL TOADS;
WILD BIRDS; PREVALENCE
AB Analytical methods accounting for imperfect detection are often used to facilitate reliable inference in population and community ecology. We contend that similar approaches are needed in disease ecology because these complicated systems are inherently difficult to observe without error. For example, wildlife disease studies often designate individuals, populations, or spatial units to states (e.g., susceptible, infected, post-infected), but the uncertainty associated with these state assignments remains largely ignored or unaccounted for. We demonstrate how recent developments incorporating observation error through repeated sampling extend quite naturally to hierarchical spatial models of disease effects, prevalence, and dynamics in natural systems. A highly pathogenic strain of avian influenza virus in migratory waterfowl and a pathogenic fungus recently implicated in the global loss of amphibian biodiversity are used as motivating examples. Both show that relatively simple modifications to study designs can greatly improve our understanding of complex spatio-temporal disease dynamics by rigorously accounting for uncertainty at each level of the hierarchy.
C1 [McClintock, Brett T.; Nichols, James D.; Kendall, William. L.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Bailey, Larissa L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[MacKenzie, Darryl I.] Proteus Wildlife Res Consultants, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[Franklin, Alan B.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
RP McClintock, BT (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM brett.mcclintock@gmail.com
RI Bailey, Larissa/A-2565-2009
FU U.S. Geological Survey Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Amphibian
Research and Monitoring Initiative. We thank Ian Goudie for helpful
discussions on technical aspects of this work.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1461-023X
EI 1461-0248
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 13
IS 6
BP 659
EP 674
DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01472.x
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 598VL
UT WOS:000277867100001
PM 20426794
ER
PT J
AU Wood, CL
Lafferty, KD
Micheli, F
AF Wood, Chelsea L.
Lafferty, Kevin D.
Micheli, Fiorenza
TI Fishing out marine parasites? Impacts of fishing on rates of parasitism
in the ocean
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Community ecology; community-level impacts of fishing; fisheries;
host-parasite interactions; indirect effects of fishing; parasitology;
species interactions
ID CYSTIDICOLA-STIGMATURA LEIDY; ABALONE HALIOTIS-CRACHERODII; CORAL-REEF;
MASS MORTALITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; FOOD WEBS; HOST
AGE; DIADEMA-ANTILLARUM; SPECIES RICHNESS
AB Among anthropogenic effects on the ocean, fishing is one of the most pervasive and extends deepest into the past. Because fishing reduces the density of fish (reducing transmission efficiency of directly transmitted parasites), selectively removes large fish (which tend to carry more parasites than small fish), and reduces food web complexity (reducing transmission efficiency of trophically transmitted parasites), the removal of fish from the world's oceans over the course of hundreds of years may be driving a long-term, global decline in fish parasites. There has been growing recognition in recent years that parasites are a critical part of biodiversity and that their loss could substantially alter ecosystem function. Such a loss may be among the last major ecological effects of industrial fishing to be recognized by scientists.
C1 [Wood, Chelsea L.; Micheli, Fiorenza] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Wood, CL (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, 120 Oceanview Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
EM CLWood@stanford.edu
RI Lafferty, Kevin/B-3888-2009
OI Lafferty, Kevin/0000-0001-7583-4593
FU Stanford University
FX CLW was supported by a Stanford Graduate Fellowship from Stanford
University. The authors thank Jeb Byers, Ken Ferguson, Tad Fukami, Steve
Litvin, Steve Palumbi, and three anonymous referees for valuable
comments on earlier versions of this manuscript and Ryan Hechinger for
helpful conversations. Jessica Ward kindly provided raw data for the
analysis presented in Fig. 2 and Appendix S1 in Supporting information.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1461-023X
EI 1461-0248
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 13
IS 6
BP 761
EP 775
DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01467.x
PG 15
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 598VL
UT WOS:000277867100011
PM 20412277
ER
PT J
AU Kenow, KP
Hines, RK
Meyer, MW
Suarez, SA
Gray, BR
AF Kenow, Kevin P.
Hines, Randy K.
Meyer, Michael W.
Suarez, Sarah A.
Gray, Brian R.
TI Effects of methylmercury exposure on the behavior of captive-reared
common loon (Gavia immer) chicks
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Behavior; Common loon; Gavia immer; Methylmercury; Mercury
ID GENERALIZED ESTIMATING EQUATIONS; MERCURY EXPOSURE; NORTHERN WISCONSIN;
MALLARD DUCKLINGS; METHYL MERCURY; GREAT EGRETS; ACCUMULATION;
REPRODUCTION; PATTERNS; SURVIVAL
AB Behavioral effects resulting from exposure to dietary methylmercury (MeHg) have been reported in studies of several wildlife species. However, quantifying the impact of contaminant exposure on wild populations is complicated by the confounding effects of other environmental stressors. We controlled confounding stressors in a laboratory study to quantify the level of dietary MeHg exposure associated with negative effects on the fitness of captive-reared common loon (Gavia immer) chicks. We evaluated the effect of MeHg on loon chick behavior by employing several assays, including measures of righting reflexes, responsiveness to taped parental calls, reaction to frightening stimuli, and estimates of time activity budgets. Evidence suggested that as chicks aged, those exposed to nominal dietary dose levels of 0.4 and 1.2 mu g Hg/g wet-weight in food (average estimated delivered dietary level of 0.55 and 1.94 mu g Hg/g, respectively) were less likely (p < 0.01) to right themselves after being positioned on their backs during outdoor trials (a parts per thousand yen37 days old) compared to chicks on the control diet. We detected differences (p < 0.05) in several response variables with respect to source of eggs. Chicks from nests on low-pH lakes tended to spend more time on resting platforms, spent less time in the shade, were more likely to walk across a platform upon release and do it quicker, were less responsive to a frightening stimulus, and exhibited less intense response to parental wail calls than did chicks from neutral pH-lakes. Rapid MeHg excretion during feather growth likely provides loon chicks protection from MeHg toxicity and may explain the lack of behavioral differences with dietary intake. Lake source effects suggest that in ovo exposure to MeHg or other factors related to lake pH have consequences on chick behavior.
C1 [Kenow, Kevin P.; Hines, Randy K.; Suarez, Sarah A.; Gray, Brian R.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Meyer, Michael W.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA.
RP Kenow, KP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM kkenow@usgs.gov
OI Kenow, Kevin/0000-0002-3062-5197; Gray, Brian/0000-0001-7682-9550
FU Electric Power Research Institute; Wisconsin Utilities Association;
Wisconsin Department of Administration Wisconsin Focus; Wisconsin
Department of Natural Resources; U. S. Geological Survey
FX Financial support for this project was provided by the Electric Power
Research Institute, the Wisconsin Utilities Association, the Wisconsin
Department of Administration Wisconsin Focus on Energy Environmental
Research Program, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, and the
U. S. Geological Survey. We thank the following individuals for their
assistance: F. Fournier, J. E. Lyon, K. A. Kroc, M. S. Meier, A. J.
Lindo, M. L. Weinandt, R. L. Beckmann, L. E. McColl, S. M. Strom, E. R.
Deppe, D. D. King, C. M. Lipke, H. L. O'Brien, S. T. Troxell, R. M.
Kreiling, A. Stone, T. N. Willers, K. A. Zinszer, E. A. Kurth, K. M.
McColl, A. M. Hankee, K. A. DuBois, E. L. Strom, L. L Meek, S. C.
Houdek, C. D. Pollentier, A. J. Kimball, J. L. Inglish, J. A. Homyack,
B. A. Rycyzyn, C. R. Gonczy, T. Daulton, B. Fevold, S. Gillum, M.
Parrara, S. Weick, L. A. Lee, J. Luoma, C. A. Berg, D. M. Kennedy, T. D.
Hubert, L. G. Johnson, E. Lavoie, and K. Day.
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 26
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 19
IS 5
BP 933
EP 944
DI 10.1007/s10646-010-0475-2
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 590LV
UT WOS:000277228600011
PM 20217222
ER
PT J
AU Heinz, GH
Hoffman, DJ
Klimstra, JD
Stebbins, KR
AF Heinz, Gary H.
Hoffman, David J.
Klimstra, Jon D.
Stebbins, Katherine R.
TI Reproduction in mallards exposed to dietary concentrations of
methylmercury
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Methylmercury; Eggs; Toxicity; Reproduction; Mallards; Anas
platyrhynchos
ID LOWER CARSON RIVER; FED METHYL MERCURY; COMMON LOONS; SNOWY EGRET; EGGS;
CONTAMINATION; SURVIVAL; DROUGHT; SUCCESS; NEVADA
AB The purpose of this experiment was to use mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) tested under controlled conditions to determine how much harm to reproduction resulted from various concentrations of mercury in eggs. Breeding pairs of mallards were fed a control diet or diets containing 1, 2, 4, or 8 mu g/g mercury, as methylmercury chloride. Mean concentrations of mercury in eggs laid by parents fed 0, 1, 2, 4, or 8 mu g/g mercury were 0.0, 1.6, 3.7, 5.9, and 14 mu g/g mercury on a wet-weight basis. There were no signs of mercury poisoning in the adults, and fertility and hatching success of eggs were not affected by mercury. Survival of ducklings and the number of ducklings produced per female were reduced by the 4 and 8-mu g/g dietary mercury treatments (that resulted in 5.9 and 14 mu g/g mercury in their eggs, respectively). Ducklings from parents fed the various mercury diets were just as heavy as controls at hatching, but by 6 days of age ducklings whose parents had been fed 4 or 8 mu g/g mercury weighed less than controls. Because we do not know if absorption of mercury from our diets would be the same as absorption from natural foods, the mercury concentrations we report in eggs may be more useful in extrapolating to possible harmful effects in nature than are the dietary levels we fed. We conclude that mallard reproduction does not appear to be particularly sensitive to methylmercury.
C1 [Heinz, Gary H.; Hoffman, David J.; Klimstra, Jon D.; Stebbins, Katherine R.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Heinz, GH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC E, Bldg 308,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM gheinz@usgs.gov
FU CALFED Bay-Delta Program's Ecosystem Restoration Program [ERP-02D-C12];
USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
FX This research was funded by the CALFED Bay-Delta Program's Ecosystem
Restoration Program (grant number ERP-02D-C12) with additional support
from the USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. We thank Barnett
Rattner and Oliver Pattee for reviewing an earlier draft of this
manuscript.
NR 29
TC 7
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U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
EI 1573-3017
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 19
IS 5
BP 977
EP 982
DI 10.1007/s10646-010-0479-y
PG 6
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 590LV
UT WOS:000277228600015
PM 20232247
ER
PT J
AU Vajda, AM
Bolden, AL
Woodling, JD
Barber, LB
Norris, DO
AF Vajda, A. M.
Bolden, A. L.
Woodling, J. D.
Barber, L. B.
Norris, D. O.
TI Reproductive Disruption by Estrogenic Wastewater Effluents.
SO ENDOCRINE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 92nd Meeting and Expo of the Endocrine Society (ENDO 2010)
CY JUN 19-22, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP Endocrine Society
ID FISH
C1 [Vajda, A. M.] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
[Bolden, A. L.; Woodling, J. D.; Norris, D. O.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Barber, L. B.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU ENDOCRINE SOC
PI CHEVY CHASE
PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA
SN 0163-769X
J9 ENDOCR REV
JI Endocr. Rev.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 3
SU 1
PG 1
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 652FV
UT WOS:000281989402070
ER
PT J
AU Paterson, JA
Chapman, LJ
Schofield, PJ
AF Paterson, Jaclyn A.
Chapman, Lauren J.
Schofield, Pamela J.
TI Intraspecific variation in gill morphology of juvenile Nile perch, Lates
niloticus, in Lake Nabugabo, Uganda
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Fish respiration; Gills; Hypoxia; Non-indigenous; Piscivore
ID HYPOXIA TOLERANCE; RASTRINEOBOLA-ARGENTEA; ENDANGERED FISHES;
RESPIRATORY MODE; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; BARBUS-NEUMAYERI; PAPYRUS SWAMPS;
VICTORIA BASIN; CICHLID FISH; REFUGIA
AB Several studies have demonstrated intraspecific variation in fish gill size that relates to variation in dissolved oxygen (DO) availability across habitats. In Lake Nabugabo, East Africa, ecological change over the past 12 years has coincided with a shift in the distribution of introduced Nile perch such that a larger proportion of the population now inhabits waters in or near wetland ecotones where DO is lower than in open waters of the lake. In this study, we compared gill size of juvenile Nile perch between wetland and exposed (open-water) habitats of Lake Nabugabo in 2007, as well as between Nile perch collected in 1996 and 2007. For Nile perch of Lake Nabugabo [< 20 cm total length (TL)], there was a significant habitat effect on some gill traits. In general, fish from wetland habitats were characterized by a longer total gill filament length and average gill filament length than conspecifics from exposed habitats. Nile perch collected from wetland areas in 2007 had significantly larger gills (total gill filament length) than Nile perch collected in 1996, but there was no difference detected between Nile perch collected from exposed sites in 2007 and conspecifics collected in 1996.
C1 [Paterson, Jaclyn A.; Chapman, Lauren J.] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada.
[Chapman, Lauren J.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, New York, NY USA.
[Schofield, Pamela J.] US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Paterson, JA (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Biol, 1205 Ave Dr Penfield, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada.
EM jaclyn.paterson@mail.mcgill.ca
FU Uganda National Council for Science and Technology; NSERC; Canada
Research Chair funds
FX We thank Judy Dumont for her assistance in dissecting and photographing
the gills of Nile perch. Permission for this project was granted by the
Uganda National Council for Science and Technology. We also thank C. A.
Chapman, D. Twinomugisha and Lake Nabugabo field assistants for
assistance with field collections in Uganda. Funding for this research
was provided by NSERC Discovery Grant and Canada Research Chair funds to
L. J. Chapman.
NR 43
TC 7
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 88
IS 2
BP 97
EP 104
DI 10.1007/s10641-010-9600-6
PG 8
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 587VE
UT WOS:000277021700001
ER
PT J
AU Dorevitch, S
Ashbolt, NJ
Ferguson, CM
Fujioka, R
McGee, CD
Soller, JA
Whitman, RL
AF Dorevitch, Samuel
Ashbolt, Nicholas J.
Ferguson, Christobel M.
Fujioka, Roger
McGee, Charles D.
Soller, Jeffrey A.
Whitman, Richard L.
TI Meeting Report: Knowledge and Gaps in Developing Microbial Criteria for
Inland Recreational Waters
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
DE Clean Water Act; environmental epidemiology; environmental microbiology;
indicator bacteria; inland waters; predictive modeling; waterborne
pathogens; water recreation
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; LAKE-MICHIGAN; GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS;
PROPIDIUM MONOAZIDE; ROTAVIRUS STRAINS; SURF ZONE; BEACH; QUALITY;
ENTEROCOCCI; FRESH
AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has committed to issuing in 2012 new or revised criteria designed to protect the health of those who use surface waters for recreation. For this purpose, the U.S. EPA has been conducting epidemiologic studies to establish relationships between microbial measures of water quality and adverse health outcomes among swimmers. New methods for testing water quality that would provide same-day results will likely be elements of the new criteria. Although the epidemiologic studies upon which the criteria will be based were conducted at Great Lakes and marine beaches, the new water quality criteria may be extended to inland waters (IWs). Similarities and important differences between coastal waters (CWs) and IWs that should be considered when developing criteria for IWs were the focus of an expert workshop. Here, we summarize the state of knowledge and research needed to base IWs microbial criteria on sound science. Two key differences between CWs and IWs are the sources of indicator bacteria, which may modify the relationship between indicator microbes and health risk, and the relationship between indicators and pathogens, which also may vary within IWs. Monitoring using rapid molecular methods will require the standardization and simplification of analytical methods, as well as greater clarity about their interpretation. Research needs for the short term and longer term are described.
C1 [Dorevitch, Samuel] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
[Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Ferguson, Christobel M.] Ecowise Environm, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
[Ferguson, Christobel M.] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
[Fujioka, Roger] Univ Hawaii, Water Resources Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[McGee, Charles D.] Orange Cty Sanitat Dist, Fountain Valley, CA USA.
[Soller, Jeffrey A.] Soller Environm, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Whitman, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN USA.
RP Dorevitch, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, 2121 W Taylor,M-C 923, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
EM sdorevit@uic.edu
RI Guan, Xiaokang/A-6675-2012
FU WERE; Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago
FX S.D. currently receives research support from the WERE and the
Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago. J.A.S. is
employed by Soller Environmental, Berkeley, CA. The remaining authors
declare they have no actual or potential competing financial interests.
NR 57
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 20
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 118
IS 6
BP 871
EP 876
DI 10.1289/ehp.0901627
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 608NP
UT WOS:000278591300034
PM 20100678
ER
PT J
AU Camponelli, KM
Lev, SM
Snodgrass, JW
Landa, ER
Casey, RE
AF Camponelli, Kimberly M.
Lev, Steven M.
Snodgrass, Joel W.
Landa, Edward R.
Casey, Ryan E.
TI Chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn in stormwater, roadway dust and
stormwater pond sediments
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Stormwater; Zinc; Copper; Cumulative frequency distribution; Retention
pond
ID TIRE-WEAR PARTICLES; HEAVY-METALS; POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS; HIGHWAY
RUNOFF; 1ST FLUSH; LAND-USE; WATER; CONTAMINATION; ENVIRONMENT; TADPOLES
AB This study evaluated the chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn from source to deposition in a stormwater system. Cu and Zn concentrations and chemical fractionation were determined for roadway dust, roadway runoff and pond sediments. Stormwater Cu and Zn concentrations were used to generate cumulative frequency distributions to characterize potential exposure to pond-dwelling organisms. Dissolved stormwater Zn exceeded USEPA acute and chronic water quality criteria in approximately 20% of storm samples and 20% of the storm duration sampled. Dissolved Cu exceeded the previously published chronic criterion in 75% of storm samples and duration and exceeded the acute criterion in 45% of samples and duration. The majority of sediment Cu (92-98%) occurred in the most recalcitrant phase, suggesting low bioavailability; Zn was substantially more available (39-62% recalcitrant). Most sediment concentrations for Cu and Zn exceeded published threshold effect concentrations and Zn often exceeded probable effect concentrations in surface sediments. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Camponelli, Kimberly M.; Lev, Steven M.; Snodgrass, Joel W.; Casey, Ryan E.] Towson Univ, Urban Environm Biogeochem Lab, Towson, MD 21252 USA.
[Landa, Edward R.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Casey, RE (reprint author), Towson Univ, Urban Environm Biogeochem Lab, 8000 York Rd, Towson, MD 21252 USA.
EM racasey@towson.edu
RI Snodgrass, Joel/C-5288-2016;
OI Casey, Ryan/0000-0001-9894-914X
FU NSF [DMR-0116619, CHE-0420353]; Maryland Water Resources Research Center
FX The authors would like to thank NSF for instrument funding (DMR-0116619;
CHE-0420353) and the Maryland Water Resources Research Center for
research funding. Thanks to Marjorie Wright for assistance with field
sampling. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this report is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 31
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 158
IS 6
SI SI
BP 2143
EP 2149
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.02.024
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 605JE
UT WOS:000278343000021
PM 20346554
ER
PT J
AU Bringolf, RB
Heltsley, RM
Newton, TJ
Eads, CB
Fraley, SJ
Shea, D
Cope, WG
AF Bringolf, Robert B.
Heltsley, Rebecca M.
Newton, Teresa J.
Eads, Chris B.
Fraley, Stephen J.
Shea, Damian
Cope, W. Gregory
TI ENVIRONMENTAL OCCURRENCE AND REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL
FLUOXETINE IN NATIVE FRESHWATER MUSSELS
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Unionidae; Pharmaceutical; Glochidia; Behavior; Prozac
ID SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; ZEBRA-MUSSEL;
DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; WASTE-WATER; NORTH-AMERICA; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS;
AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS; INTEGRATIVE SAMPLER; UNIONID MUSSELS
AB The present study measured the occurrence, distribution, and bioaccumulation of fluoxetine in samples of water, polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS), sediment, and caged freshwater mussels at stream sites near a municipal wastewater treatment facility effluent discharge. We assessed the relation of the environmental concentrations to reproductive endpoints in mussels in acute laboratory tests. Concentrations of fluoxetine in water and POCIS samples were similar (<20% difference) within each site and were greatest in the effluent channel (104-119 ng/L), and decreased at 50 m and 100 m downstream. Likewise, concentrations of fluoxetine in sediment and mussel (Elliptio complanata) tissue were greatest in the effluent channel (17.4 ng/g wet wt for sediment and 79.1 ng/g wet wt for mussels). In 96-h lab tests, fluoxetine significantly induced parturition of nonviable larvae from female E. complanata exposed to 300 mu g/L (p = 0.0118) and 3,0001 mu g/L (p < 0.0001) compared to controls. Fluoxetine exposure at 300 mu g/L (p= 0.0075) and 3,0001 mu g/L (p= 0.0001) also resulted in stimulation of lure display behavior in female Lampsilis fasciola and Lampsilis cardium, respectively. In male E. complanata, 3,000 mu g fluoxetine/L significantly induced release of spermatozeugmata during a 48-h exposure. These results suggest that fluoxetine accumulates in mussel tissue and has the potential to disrupt several aspects of reproduction in freshwater mussels, a faunal group recognized as one of the most imperiled in the world. Despite the disparity between measured environmental concentrations of fluoxetine and effects concentrations in our short-term tests with these long-lived animals, additional tests are warranted to evaluate the effects of long-term exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations and critical lifestages (e.g., juveniles). Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:1311-1318. (C) 2010 SETAC
C1 [Bringolf, Robert B.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Heltsley, Rebecca M.] Hollings Marine Lab, Dept Commerce, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Newton, Teresa J.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Eads, Chris B.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Fraley, Stephen J.] N Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Clyde, NC 28721 USA.
[Shea, Damian; Cope, W. Gregory] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Bringolf, RB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM rbringolf@warnell.uga.edu
OI Newton, Teresa/0000-0001-9351-5852
FU Water Resources Research Institute of The University of North Carolina;
U.S. Geological Survey
FX The Water Resources Research Institute of The University of North
Carolina and U.S. Geological Survey provided funding for this project.
We thank P. Lazar, S. Prochazka, S. Mosher, T. Pandolfo, and E. Tracy
for technical assistance in the field and laboratory. Consuelo Arellano
in the Department of Statistics at North Carolina State University
provided assistance with statistical analyses. We thank P. Fong and C.
Barnhart for their thorough and helpful review of this manuscript.
Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified
in this paper to specify adequately the experimental procedure. Such
identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that
the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available
for the purpose.
NR 41
TC 73
Z9 74
U1 13
U2 82
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 6
BP 1311
EP 1318
DI 10.1002/etc.157
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 629VA
UT WOS:000280226800015
PM 20821574
ER
PT J
AU Pavey, SA
Nielsen, JL
Hamon, TR
AF Pavey, Scott A.
Nielsen, Jennifer L.
Hamon, Troy R.
TI RECENT ECOLOGICAL DIVERGENCE DESPITE MIGRATION IN SOCKEYE SALMON
(ONCORHYNCHUS NERKA)
SO EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Colonization; divergence with migration; ecological speciation;
isolation with migration (IM); rapid evolution; sympatric speciation
ID COREGONUS-CLUPEAFORMIS MITCHILL; SYMPATRIC SPECIATION;
GENETIC-DIVERGENCE; LIFE-HISTORY; PARALLEL SPECIATION; RAPID EVOLUTION;
POSTGLACIAL POPULATIONS; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; RHAGOLETIS-POMONELLA;
SALVELINUS-ALPINUS
AB Ecological divergence may result when populations experience different selection regimes, but there is considerable discussion about the role of migration at the beginning stages of divergence before reproductive isolating mechanisms have evolved. However, detection of past migration is difficult in current populations and tools to differentiate genetic similarities due to migration versus recent common ancestry are only recently available. Using past volcanic eruption times as a framework, we combine morphological analyses of traits important to reproduction with a coalescent-based genetic analysis of two proximate sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) populations. We find that this is the most recent (similar to 500 years, 100 generations) natural ecological divergence recorded in a fish species, and report that this divergence is occurring despite migration. Although studies of fish divergence following the retreat of glaciers (10,000-15,000 years ago) have contributed extensively to our understanding of speciation, the Aniakchak system of sockeye salmon provides a rare example of the initial stages of ecological divergence following natural colonization. Our results show that even in the face of continued migration, populations may diverge in the absence of a physical barrier.
C1 [Pavey, Scott A.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Pavey, Scott A.; Hamon, Troy R.] Natl Pk Serv, King Salmon, AK 99613 USA.
[Nielsen, Jennifer L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Pavey, SA (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
EM spavey@sfu.ca
FU National Park Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Alaska EPSCoR; National
Science Foundation; University of Alaska Anchorage; Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council; Simon Fraser University
FX We thank F. Breden, J. Hey, A. Mooers, C. Nice, P. Nosil, and three
anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript. We thank the
Evolution Discussion Group (FAB*-Lab) at Simon Fraser University and the
Vancouver Evolution Group (VEG) for critical discussions of this work.
We thank E. Wang, M. McBurney, J.E. Krebs, B. Girard, K. Bunney, T.
Tingey, J.L. Miller, J. Marcus, R. Rumelhart, and the Staff of Katmai
National Park for field assistance. We thank R. Mackas for help with
data entry and analysis. We thank W.D. Noon and J.L Miller for help with
graphics. We thank I. Williams, S. Graziano, and G.K. Sage for help in
the laboratory. This work was funded by the National Park Service, the
U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska EPSCoR, National Science Foundation,
University of Alaska Anchorage, and Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council operating grant to F. Breden, Simon Fraser University.
NR 68
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0014-3820
J9 EVOLUTION
JI Evolution
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 64
IS 6
BP 1773
EP 1783
DI 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00927.x
PG 11
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 605JG
UT WOS:000278343200020
PM 20030707
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, DC
Chipps, SR
Brown, ML
AF Jackson, Donald C.
Chipps, Steven R.
Brown, Michael L.
TI Fisheries Education in the 21st Century: Challenges and Approaches to
Training the Next Generation of Fisheries Scientists
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Brown, Michael L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Brown, Michael L.] S Dakota State Univ, N Cent Div, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Chipps, Steven R.] S Dakota State Univ, US Geol Survey, S Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM DJackson@CFR.MsState.edu; Chipps@sdstate.edu; brown@sdstate.edu
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 6
BP 264
EP +
PG 3
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 614NM
UT WOS:000279066300001
ER
PT J
AU Kershner, JL
Roper, BB
AF Kershner, Jeffrey L.
Roper, Brett B.
TI An Evaluation of Management Objectives Used to Assess Stream Habitat
Conditions on Federal Lands within the Interior Columbia Basin
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHEASTERN OREGON; HISTORICAL CHANGES; INDEX; ATTRIBUTES; SEDIMENT;
IMPACTS; CATTLE
AB We evaluated eight habitat objectives used by land management agencies within the Interior Columbia Basin to determine if the current riparian management objectives (RMOs) were representative of conditions found at reference sites, had values which differed significantly between reference and managed watersheds, and whether these RMOs could be consistently applied across the study area. We found that many of the reference reaches did not meet objectives such as wetted width-to-depth, percent undercut banks, number of pieces of large wood, and numbers of days exceeding 15 degrees C. We also found no significant difference between randomly selected managed and reference reaches for four objectives: wetted width-to-depth ratio, bank stability, percent undercut, and pool frequency. Finally we found that some RMO values differed among forest types. As a result of these findings, none of 726 reference or managed reaches we evaluated exceeded all objectives when applied to a site. We recommend that objectives, if adopted, should be selected using the following guidelines: (1) be based on consistently collected data from the area of interest, (2) show a demonstrated response to management, and (3) account for landscape characteristics that may influence the value of the objective. Such an approach would insure more managed sites than reference sites exceed the objective, that the difference would be due to management rather than differences in landscape setting, and that the objective is based on data rather than professional opinion.
C1 [Kershner, Jeffrey L.] Montana State Univ, US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Roper, Brett B.] Utah State Univ, Fish & Aquat Ecol Unit, US Forest Serv, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Kershner, JL (reprint author), Montana State Univ, US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM jkershner@usgs.gov
RI Roper, Brett/F-2891-2010
NR 41
TC 4
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U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 6
BP 269
EP 278
DI 10.1577/1548-8446-35.6.269
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 614NM
UT WOS:000279066300006
ER
PT J
AU Chipps, SR
AF Chipps, Steven R.
TI Greetings from the Education Section!
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Chipps, Steven R.] S Dakota State Univ, AFS Educ Sect, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Chipps, Steven R.] S Dakota State Univ, US Geol Survey, S Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Chipps, SR (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, AFS Educ Sect, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM Steven.Chipps@sdstate.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 6
BP 292
EP +
PG 2
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 614NM
UT WOS:000279066300008
ER
PT J
AU Chizinski, CJ
Pope, KL
Wilde, GR
AF Chizinski, C. J.
Pope, K. L.
Wilde, G. R.
TI A modelling approach to evaluate potential management actions designed
to increase growth of white perch in a high-density population
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE dynamic population model; invasive species; Morone americana; population
management
ID WESTERN LAKE ERIE; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; MORONE-AMERICANA; SURVIVAL
RATES; LOOP ANALYSIS; ARCTIC CHARR; FISH EGGS; DEPENDENCE; REPRODUCTION;
PREDATION
AB P>A deterministic, age-structured population model was developed to simulate potential management scenarios designed to increase growth of individuals (quantified by maximum length) in a hypothetical population of white perch, Morone americana (Gmelin). Four scenarios were developed that included non-selective mortality of adult white perch, increased mortality of age groups most influential on population growth, increased age-0 mortality and inhibiting recruitment after spawning. The greatest increase in maximum length occurred with non-selective adult mortality when population biomass was reduced by 97%; lesser increases in maximum length were achieved with the other management scenarios. Populations returned to their original state after control efforts ceased for each scenario.
C1 [Chizinski, C. J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Wilde, G. R.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Pope, K. L.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, USGS Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE USA.
RP Chizinski, CJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM chrischizinski@umn.edu
RI Pope, Kevin/D-8096-2011; Chizinski, Christopher/G-6306-2011;
OI Pope, Kevin/0000-0003-1876-1687; Chizinski,
Christopher/0000-0001-9294-2588
FU Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration [F-172-R]; U.S. Geological Survey;
Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska; U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank F. C. Sanchez and J. R. Stittle for assistance in the field and
laboratory. B.W. Durham and C. L. Higgins provided comments on an
earlier draft of this manuscript. This work was partially supported by
funds from Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration, project F-172-R,
administered by the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission. The Nebraska
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a
cooperative agreement among the U.S. Geological Survey, the Nebraska
Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska, the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service and the Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0969-997X
EI 1365-2400
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 17
IS 3
BP 262
EP 271
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00723.x
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 592ZK
UT WOS:000277420300006
ER
PT J
AU Bouska, WW
Paukert, CP
AF Bouska, W. W.
Paukert, C. P.
TI Effects of visible implant elastomer mark colour on the predation of red
shiners by largemouth bass
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FISHES; VULNERABILITY; SURVIVAL; TAGS
C1 [Paukert, C. P.] Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Paukert, CP (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Div Biol, 205 Leasure Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
EM cpaukert@ksu.edu
FU Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks, Kansas State University; U.S.
Geological Survey; Wildlife Management Institute
FX Kirk Mammoliti provided sampling assistance. We thank three anonymous
reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. The use of trade,
product, industry or firm names or products is for informative purposes
only and does not constitute an endorsement by the US Government or the
U.S. Geological Survey. The Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the Kansas Department of Wildlife
and Parks, Kansas State University, the U.S. Geological Survey and the
Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0969-997X
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 17
IS 3
BP 294
EP 296
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00720.x
PG 3
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 592ZK
UT WOS:000277420300010
ER
PT J
AU Hawbaker, TJ
Gobakken, T
Lesak, A
Tromborg, E
Contrucci, K
Radeloff, V
AF Hawbaker, Todd J.
Gobakken, Terje
Lesak, Adrian
Tromborg, Eric
Contrucci, Kirk
Radeloff, Volker
TI Light Detection and Ranging-Based Measures of Mixed Hardwood Forest
Structure
SO FOREST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE forest inventory; pulpwood; sawtimber; timber volume; Wisconsin
ID LASER SCANNER DATA; SMALL-FOOTPRINT LIDAR; TREE CROWN ANALYSIS; AIRBORNE
LIDAR; LEAF-OFF; BIOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; MULTISPECTRAL IMAGERY;
ALTIMETRY DATA; DENSITY LIDAR; CANOPY HEIGHT
AB Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is increasingly used to map terrain and vegetation. Data collection is expensive, but costs are reduced when multiple products are derived from each mission. We examined how well low-density leaf-off LiDAR, originally flown for terrain mapping, quantified hardwood forest structure. We measured tree density, dbh, basal area, mean tree height, Lorey's mean tree height, and sawtimber and pulpwood volume at 114 field plots. Using univariate and multivariate linear regression models, we related field data to LiDAR return heights. We compared models using all LiDAR returns and only first returns. First-return univariate models explained more variability than all-return models; however, the differences were small for multivariate models. Multiple regression models had R(2) values of 65% for sawtimber and pulpwood volume, 63% for Lorey's mean tree height, 55% for mean tree height, 48% for mean dbh, 46% for basal area, and 13% for tree density. However, the standard error of the mean for predictions ranged between 1 and 4%, and this level of error is well within levels needed for broad-scale forest assessments. Our results suggest that low-density LiDAR intended for terrain mapping is valuable for broad-scale hardwood forest inventories. FOR. SCI. 56(3):313-326.
C1 [Hawbaker, Todd J.; Lesak, Adrian; Radeloff, Volker] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Gobakken, Terje; Tromborg, Eric] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Trondheim, Norway.
RP Hawbaker, TJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Rocky Mt Geog Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM tjhawbaker@gmail.com; terje.gobakken@umb.no; lesak@wisc.edu;
erik.tromborg@umb.no; contruccik@ayresassociates.com; radeloff@wisc.edu
RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016
OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X
FU Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; US Forest Service Northern
Research Station; US Department of Agriculture
FX We are most grateful for support for this study by the Wisconsin
Department of Natural Resources, the US Forest Service Northern Research
Station, and the US Department of Agriculture McIntire-Stennis Program.
The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources funded collection of field
data, and Ayres Associates and Sauk County generously provided the LiDAR
data and digital elevation models used in this research. All fieldwork
was conducted on property managed by the Wisconsin Chapter of The Nature
Conservancy and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and we
appreciate permission to work on their land. GPS units were provided by
University of Wisconsin Kemp Natural Resources Station and David
Mladenoff's Forest Landscape Ecology Laboratory at University of
Wisconsin Madison. Mathew Duffy, Jason Jones, Terry Kocsis, Joseph
Nadolski, and Paul Schilke, were a tremendous help in collecting data in
the field. We also thank three anonymous reviewers and Jordan Muss for
providing critical comments that improved the article.
NR 79
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U1 0
U2 10
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0015-749X
J9 FOREST SCI
JI For. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 56
IS 3
BP 313
EP 326
PG 14
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 610FF
UT WOS:000278716000008
ER
PT J
AU Binckley, CA
Wipfli, MS
Medhurst, RB
Polivka, K
Hessburg, P
Salter, RB
Kill, JY
AF Binckley, Christopher A.
Wipfli, Mark S.
Medhurst, R. Bruce
Polivka, Karl
Hessburg, Paul
Salter, R. Brion
Kill, Joshua Y.
TI Ecoregion and land-use influence invertebrate and detritus transport
from headwater streams
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aquatic invertebrate; ecoregion; headwater stream; logging; subsidy
ID ORGANIC-MATTER DYNAMICS; RIPARIAN BUFFER WIDTH; ALDER ALNUS-RUBRA;
AQUATIC FOOD WEBS; FINE SEDIMENT; MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES;
EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATION; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; MOUNTAIN STREAMS;
SUBSIDIES
AB P>1. Habitats are often connected by fluxes of energy and nutrients across their boundaries. For example, headwater streams are linked to surrounding riparian vegetation through invertebrate and leaf litter inputs, and there is evidence that consumers in downstream habitats are subsidised by resources flowing from headwater systems. However, the strength of these linkages and the manner in which potential headwater subsidies vary along climatic and disturbance gradients are unknown.
2. We quantified the downstream transport of invertebrates, organic matter and inorganic sediment from 60 fishless headwater streams in the Wenatchee River Basin located on the eastern slope of the Cascade Range in Washington, U.S.A. Streams were classified into four groups (each n = 15) based on their position within two ecological subregions (wet and dry) and the extent of past timber harvest and road development (logged and unlogged).
3. Time and ecoregion were significant for all response variables as transport varied across sampling periods, and dry ecoregion streams displayed significantly higher mean values. Logged sites also generally showed higher mean transport, but only inorganic sediment transport was significantly higher in logged sites. Both ecoregion and land-use interacted significantly with time depending on the response variable. Differences among stream categories were driven by relatively low levels of transport in unlogged drainages of the wet ecoregion. Interestingly, unlogged dry ecoregion streams showed comparable transport rates to logged sites in the wet ecoregion. Dominance by deciduous riparian vegetation in all but unlogged streams in the wet ecoregion is a primary hypothesised mechanism determining transport dynamics in our study streams.
4. Understanding the quantity and variation of headwater subsidies across climate and disturbance gradients is needed to appreciate the significance of ecological linkages between headwaters and associated downstream habitats. This will enable the accurate assessment of resource management impacts on stream ecosystems. Predicting the consequences of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on headwater stream transport rates will require knowledge of how both local and regional factors influence these potential subsidies. Our results suggest that resources transported from headwater streams reflect both the meso-scale land-use surrounding these areas and the constraints imposed by the ecoregion in which they are embedded.
C1 [Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Polivka, Karl; Hessburg, Paul; Salter, R. Brion; Kill, Joshua Y.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wenatchee, WA USA.
RP Binckley, CA (reprint author), Arcadia Univ, Dept Biol, Glenside, PA 19038 USA.
EM BinckleC@arcadia.edu
FU Bonneville Power Administration [2003-017]
FX We thank the Bonneville Power Administration for funding through the
Integrated Status and Effectiveness Monitoring Project (Project number
2003-017). We thank the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research
Station in Wenatchee, Chris Jordan and Pamela Nelle for administrative
support, and Bessie Green, Karinne Knutsen, Jacob Layman and Andy
McCracken, for their invaluable field and laboratory work. Finally, we
thank Laura Del Giudice, Michael Kaller, John Richardson, Daynand Naik,
Colin Town-send and two anonymous reviewers for greatly improving
earlier versions of the manuscript. The use of trade, product or firm
names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 55
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Z9 8
U1 6
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0046-5070
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 6
BP 1205
EP 1218
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02344.x
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 594GW
UT WOS:000277525400005
ER
PT J
AU Xiong, XX
Cao, CY
Chander, G
AF Xiong, Xiaoxiong (Jack)
Cao, Changyong
Chander, Gyanesh
TI An overview of sensor calibration inter-comparison and applications
SO FRONTIERS OF EARTH SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
DE radiometer; MODIS; AVHRR; ETM; calibration; inter-comparison
AB Long-term climate data records (CDR) are often constructed using observations made by multiple Earth observing sensors over a broad range of spectra and a large scale in both time and space. These sensors can be of the same or different types operated on the same or different platforms. They can be developed and built with different technologies and are likely operated over different time spans. It has been known that the uncertainty of climate models and data records depends not only on the calibration quality (accuracy and stability) of individual sensors, but also on their calibration consistency across instruments and platforms. Therefore, sensor calibration inter-comparison and validation have become increasingly demanding and will continue to play an important role for a better understanding of the science product quality. This paper provides an overview of different methodologies, which have been successfully applied for sensor calibration inter-comparison. Specific examples using different sensors, including MODIS, AVHRR, and ETM+, are presented to illustrate the implementation of these methodologies.
C1 [Xiong, Xiaoxiong (Jack)] NASA, GSFC, Sci Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Cao, Changyong] NOAA, NESDIS, Off Res & Applicat, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Chander, Gyanesh] US Geol Survey, SGT Inc, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Xiong, XX (reprint author), NASA, GSFC, Sci Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Xiaoxiong.Xiong-1@nasa.gov
RI Cao, Changyong/F-5578-2010
NR 55
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 2095-0195
J9 FRONT EARTH SCI-PRC
JI Front. Earth Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 4
IS 2
BP 237
EP 252
DI 10.1007/s11707-010-0002-z
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA V29CD
UT WOS:000208725600011
ER
PT J
AU Kitaysky, AS
Piatt, JF
Hatch, SA
Kitaiskaia, EV
Benowitz-Fredericks, ZM
Shultz, MT
Wingfield, JC
AF Kitaysky, Alexander S.
Piatt, John F.
Hatch, Scott A.
Kitaiskaia, Evgenia V.
Benowitz-Fredericks, Z. Morgan
Shultz, Michael T.
Wingfield, John C.
TI Food availability and population processes: severity of nutritional
stress during reproduction predicts survival of long-lived seabirds
SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE corticosterone; disturbance; kittiwake; life-history theory; stress
hormone; trade-off
ID BLACK-LEGGED KITTIWAKES; CORTICOSTERONE BINDING GLOBULIN; BASE-LINE
CORTICOSTERONE; MURRE URIA-AALGE; LOWER COOK INLET; PHYSIOLOGICAL
STRESS; PISCIVOROUS SEABIRDS; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; FORAGING CONDITIONS;
RISSA-TRIDACTYLA
AB P>1. Life-history theory predicts a trade-off between costs of current reproduction and future survival of individuals. Studies of short-lived animals in general support this prediction. However, the effect of nutritional stress during reproduction on survival of long-lived animals is poorly understood.
2. We examined the link between nutritional stress, fecundity and return to a breeding colony (hereafter 'survival') of black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) at two colonies with contrasting patterns in adult survival, fecundity, and numerical trends.
3. We tested the observational (at Duck and Gull Is., Cook Inlet, Northern Gulf of Alaska) and experimental (at Middleton I., Gulf of Alaska) relationships between variations in the secretion of the stress hormone corticosterone (CORT) and food abundance. Then, we examined the relationships between nutritional stress (as reflected in CORT), reproduction, and survival of individuals.
4. On average, CORT was higher in kittiwakes breeding on Duck I. (declining, low fecundity, high survival) compared to those breeding on Gull I. (increasing, high fecundity, low survival).
5. At both colonies, CORT was directly negatively correlated with food abundance quantified at sea. Experimental feeding of individuals ad libitum resulted in a reduction of CORT in birds breeding on Middleton I. These results suggest that CORT is a reliable measure of food availability and defines nutritional stress (stress) in kittiwakes.
6. On Gull I., where survival is low (86%), production of young declined as stress increased. On Duck I., where survival is high (93%), parents always failed in raising young, though they experienced a wide range of stress levels.
7. Survival of individuals is linked to their CORT levels during reproduction. High levels of CORT predicted disappearance of individuals from both colonies.
8. The results support the hypothesis that nutritional stress during reproduction affects both survival and reproduction in long-lived animals. However, even within a species the ways in which survival and reproduction trade-off against each other may vary among populations. Results suggest that reproductive consequences of nutritional stress might differ between declining and increasing populations, which should be tested. We conclude that severity of nutritional stress during reproduction is one of the major factors defining population processes in kittiwakes.
C1 [Kitaysky, Alexander S.; Kitaiskaia, Evgenia V.; Benowitz-Fredericks, Z. Morgan; Shultz, Michael T.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Piatt, John F.; Hatch, Scott A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Benowitz-Fredericks, Z. Morgan] Bucknell Univ, Dept Biol, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA.
[Wingfield, John C.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Kitaysky, AS (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM ffask@uaf.edu
OI Benowitz-Fredericks, Z Morgan/0000-0002-9265-3169
FU EVOS Trustees Council; North Pacific Research Board; NPRB; NSF EPSCoR;
USGS; Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks
FX This study was supported by grants from the EVOS Trustees Council and
North Pacific Research Board; financial support during manuscript
preparation was also provided by NPRB, NSF EPSCoR, USGS, and the
Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks. We are
grateful to Sandy Talbot for expertly conducting genetic sexing. Thank
you to A. Abookire, M. Arumitsu, J. Benson, D. Black, L. Ochikubo, A.
Chapman, J. Figurski, M. Gray, A. Harding, G. Hoffman, C. Hovnanian, B.
Keitt, R. Kitaysky, M. Litzow, K. Mangel, A. Nielsen, R. Papish, M.
Post, M. Schultz, G. Snegden, B. Smith, T. Van Pelt, M. Wada, S. Wang,
J. Wetzel, S. Wright, S. Zador, and S. Zuniga for their great field
work. G. Hunt, M. Romero, R. Young, J. Welcker, two anonymous reviewers
and FE editors provided useful comments and constructive critiques on
earlier drafts of manuscript. This study was conducted under the
University of Washington and the University of Alaska IACUC protocols
and all required government and state permits.
NR 84
TC 68
Z9 70
U1 1
U2 67
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0269-8463
J9 FUNCT ECOL
JI Funct. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 3
BP 625
EP 637
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01679.x
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 581FW
UT WOS:000276508000015
ER
PT J
AU Ludlam, JP
Magoulick, DD
AF Ludlam, John P.
Magoulick, Daniel D.
TI Effects of consumer identity and disturbance on stream mesocosm
structure and function
SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aquatic ecosystem; environmental disturbance; crayfish; central
stonerollers
ID RIVER FOOD WEBS; GRAZING MINNOWS; PRAIRIE STREAM; OMNIVOROUS CRAYFISH;
CAMPOSTOMA-ANOMALUM; ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE; MOUNTAIN STREAM; ATTACHED
ALGAE; COMMUNITY; PERIPHYTON
AB Consumers can alter the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems, but the interactions that regulate ecosystem functioning are context dependent. In many streams, environmental disturbance and consumer identity may interact to influence benthic ecosystem structure and function. We predicted that effects of two common consumers (central stonerollers (Campostoma anomalum), and Meek's crayfish (Orconectes meeki meeki)) in Ozark Mountain streams (Arkansas, USA) would be altered by disturbance. In stream mesocosms we crossed disturbance (simulated spate) and consumer identity (crayfish, central stonerollers, or no consumers). Stream ecosystem function was quantified as leafpack decomposition and net primary productivity (NPP). Ecosystem structure was measured as algal chlorophyll-a, ash-free dry mass (AFDM), and chironomid density. Disturbance and interactions between disturbance and consumer identity did not significantly affect any response variable. Chlorophyll-a, AFDM, and chironomid density were influenced by consumer identity, and effects differed between stonerollers and crayfish and with time. Crayfish and stonerollers reduced day 15 chironomid density compared with no consumer treatments. Stonerollers reduced day 30 chironomid density and day 15 periphyton abundance compared with crayfish and no consumer treatments. Crayfish increased leafpack breakdown rates above stoneroller and no consumer treatments, but NPP did not differ among consumer treatments. In this experiment, consumers had stronger effects on benthic structure and function than the disturbance treatment. Future studies should investigate a wider range of disturbance frequency and intensity.
C1 [Ludlam, John P.; Magoulick, Daniel D.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, USGS, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
RP Magoulick, DD (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, USGS, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM danmag@uark.edu
FU Sigma Xi; Arkansas Game and Fish Commission
FX This research was supported by a Sigma Xi Grant-in-Aid of Research to J.
Ludlam and by the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission. Field and
laboratory assistance was provided by Brandon Banks and Molly Ludlam.
Suggestions from Gary Huxel, Art Brown, Susan Ziegler, Eric Larson, and
Matt Dekar substantially enhanced the quality of this research.
NR 45
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 13
PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGS
PI STUTTGART
PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176
STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 1863-9135
J9 FUND APPL LIMNOL
JI Fundam. Appl. Limnol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 177
IS 2
BP 143
EP 149
DI 10.1127/1863-9135/2010/0177-0143
PG 7
WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 673MT
UT WOS:000283668300007
ER
PT J
AU Tangalos, GE
Beard, BL
Johnson, CM
Alpers, CN
Shelobolina, ES
Xu, H
Konishi, H
Roden, EE
AF Tangalos, G. E.
Beard, B. L.
Johnson, C. M.
Alpers, C. N.
Shelobolina, E. S.
Xu, H.
Konishi, H.
Roden, E. E.
TI Microbial production of isotopically light iron(II) in a modern
chemically precipitated sediment and implications for isotopic
variations in ancient rocks
SO GEOBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FE(III) OXIDE REDUCTION; ACID-MINE WATERS; FE ISOTOPE; DISSIMILATORY
FE(III); WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; SULFATE REDUCTION; TRANSVAAL SUPERGROUP;
AQUATIC SEDIMENTS; MN(IV) REDUCTION; MARINE-SEDIMENTS
AB The inventories and Fe isotope composition of aqueous Fe(II) and solid-phase Fe compounds were quantified in neutral-pH, chemically precipitated sediments downstream of the Iron Mountain acid mine drainage site in northern California, USA. The sediments contain high concentrations of amorphous Fe(III) oxyhydroxides [Fe(III)(am)] that allow dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) to predominate over Fe-S interactions in Fe redox transformation, as indicated by the very low abundance of Cr(II)-extractable reduced inorganic sulfur compared with dilute HCl-extractable Fe. delta 56Fe values for bulk HCl- and HF-extractable Fe were approximate to 0. These near-zero bulk delta 56Fe values, together with the very low abundance of dissolved Fe in the overlying water column, suggest that the pyrite Fe source had near-zero delta 56Fe values, and that complete oxidation of Fe(II) took place prior to deposition of the Fe(III) oxide-rich sediment. Sediment core analyses and incubation experiments demonstrated the production of millimolar quantities of isotopically light (delta 56Fe approximate to -1.5 to -0.5 parts per thousand) aqueous Fe(II) coupled to partial reduction of Fe(III)(am) by DIR. Trends in the Fe isotope composition of solid-associated Fe(II) and residual Fe(III)(am) are consistent with experiments with synthetic Fe(III) oxides, and collectively suggest an equilibrium Fe isotope fractionation between aqueous Fe(II) and Fe(III)(am) of approximately -2 parts per thousand. These Fe(III) oxide-rich sediments provide a model for early diagenetic processes that are likely to have taken place in Archean and Paleoproterozoic marine sediments that served as precursors for banded iron formations. Our results suggest pathways whereby DIR could have led to the formation of large quantities of low-delta 56Fe minerals during BIF genesis.
C1 [Tangalos, G. E.; Beard, B. L.; Johnson, C. M.; Shelobolina, E. S.; Xu, H.; Konishi, H.; Roden, E. E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Tangalos, G. E.; Beard, B. L.; Johnson, C. M.; Shelobolina, E. S.; Xu, H.; Konishi, H.; Roden, E. E.] Univ Wisconsin, NASA Astrobiol Inst, Madison, WI USA.
[Alpers, C. N.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA.
RP Roden, EE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM eroden@geology.wisc.edu
OI Alpers, Charles/0000-0001-6945-7365
FU NASA Astrobiology Institute; National Science Foundation [0525417]; US
Geological Survey
FX This research was funded by the NASA Astrobiology Institute (University
of California-Berkeley and University of Wisconsin-Madison nodes) and
the National Science Foundation (Biogeosciences Program Award 0525417).
Logistical support for field sampling was provided by the US Geological
Survey in cooperation with the US Environmental Protection Agency. We
thank Kurt Konhauser and three anonymous reviewers whose thoughtful
criticism substantially improved the manuscript.
NR 96
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1472-4677
J9 GEOBIOLOGY
JI Geobiology
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 8
IS 3
BP 197
EP 208
DI 10.1111/j.1472-4669.2010.00237.x
PG 12
WC Biology; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Geology
GA 596NW
UT WOS:000277692900004
PM 20374296
ER
PT J
AU Aleinikoff, JN
Slack, JF
Hayes, TS
Fanning, CM
Mazdab, FK
Wooden, JL
AF Aleinikoff, J. N.
Slack, J. F.
Hayes, T. S.
Fanning, C. M.
Mazdab, F. K.
Wooden, J. L.
TI U-Pb and trace elements in xenotime from sediment-hosted Co-Cu-Au and
Cu-Ag deposits, ID-MT
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Aleinikoff, J. N.] USGS, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Slack, J. F.] USGS, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Hayes, T. S.] USGS, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Fanning, C. M.] Australian Natl Univ, RSES, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Mazdab, F. K.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Wooden, J. L.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94035 USA.
EM jaleinikoff@usgs.gov; jfslack@usgs.gov; thayes@usgs.gov;
mark.fanning@anu.edu.au; fmazdab@email.arizona.edu; jwooden@stanford.edu
RI Fanning, C. Mark/I-6449-2016
OI Fanning, C. Mark/0000-0003-3331-3145
NR 0
TC 1
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A11
EP A11
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WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400022
ER
PT J
AU Alt, JC
Shanks, WC
AF Alt, Jeffrey C.
Shanks, Wayne C.
TI Sulfur exchange between seawater and oceanic basement
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
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DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Alt, Jeffrey C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Geol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Shanks, Wayne C.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jalt@umich.edu; pshanks@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 2
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BP A15
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GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400031
ER
PT J
AU Amos, RT
Bekins, BA
Cozzarelli, IM
AF Amos, R. T.
Bekins, B. A.
Cozzarelli, I. M.
TI Detailed spatial and temporal investigation of methane oxidation
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Amos, R. T.] Univ Waterloo, Dep Earth & Environm Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Bekins, B. A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Cozzarelli, I. M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM ramos@uwaterloo.ca; babekins@usgs.gov; icozzare@usgs.gov
NR 0
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BP A18
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SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400036
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, SP
Blum, AE
Hinckley, ES
Lee, J
Gilbert, R
Trotta, J
Dethier, D
AF Anderson, S. P.
Blum, A. E.
Hinckley, E. S.
Lee, J.
Gilbert, R.
Trotta, J.
Dethier, D.
TI Slope aspect and weathering in the Colorado Front Range
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CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Anderson, S. P.; Lee, J.] Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Anderson, S. P.; Lee, J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Blum, A. E.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Gilbert, R.; Trotta, J.; Dethier, D.] Williams Coll, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA.
EM suzanne.anderson@colorado.edu
RI Anderson, Suzanne/F-4039-2014
OI Anderson, Suzanne/0000-0002-6796-6649
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BP A21
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UT WOS:000283941400042
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PT J
AU Andraski, BJ
Jackson, WA
Stonestrom, DA
Welborn, TL
AF Andraski, B. J.
Jackson, W. A.
Stonestrom, D. A.
Welborn, T. L.
TI Factors affecting the distribution of natural perchlorate in desert
soils
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C1 [Andraski, B. J.; Welborn, T. L.] US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
[Jackson, W. A.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Stonestrom, D. A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM andraski@usgs.gov
RI Stonestrom, David/E-9125-2011; Jackson, William/B-8999-2009
OI Stonestrom, David/0000-0001-7883-3385;
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GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400043
ER
PT J
AU Bargar, JR
Campbell, KM
Veeramani, H
Stubbs, JE
Lezama-Pacheco, JS
Suvorova, E
Ulrich, KU
Blue, LY
Bernier-Latmani, R
Giammar, DE
Yabusaki, SB
Long, PE
AF Bargar, John R.
Campbell, Kate M.
Veeramani, Harish
Stubbs, Joanne E.
Lezama-Pacheco, Juan S.
Suvorova, Elena
Ulrich, Kai-Uwe
Blue, Lisa Y.
Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan
Giammar, Daniel E.
Yabusaki, Steven B.
Long, Philip E.
TI Reactivity of nano-biogenic uraninite in the subsurface: Dissolution
rates and mechanisms
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C1 [Bargar, John R.; Stubbs, Joanne E.; Lezama-Pacheco, Juan S.] Stanford Synctrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Campbell, Kate M.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Veeramani, Harish; Suvorova, Elena; Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Ulrich, Kai-Uwe; Blue, Lisa Y.; Giammar, Daniel E.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Yabusaki, Steven B.; Long, Philip E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM bargar@slac.stanford.edu
RI Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan/E-4398-2011; Stubbs, Joanne/F-9710-2013;
Suvorova, Elena/I-5582-2013
OI Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan/0000-0001-6547-722X; Stubbs,
Joanne/0000-0002-8509-2009;
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U2 3
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
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SU 1
BP A52
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GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401285
ER
PT J
AU Belkin, HE
Tewalt, SJ
AF Belkin, H. E.
Tewalt, S. J.
TI Halogen (F, Cl, Br, and I) systematics in mineralized and
non-mineralized Upper Permian Longtan Formation coal from China
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C1 [Belkin, H. E.; Tewalt, S. J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 956, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM hbelkin@usgs.gov; stewalt@usgs.gov
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GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401327
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PT J
AU Bern, CR
Engle, MA
Healy, RW
Breit, GN
Zupancic, JW
AF Bern, Carleton R.
Engle, Mark A.
Healy, Richard W.
Breit, George N.
Zupancic, John W.
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produced waters
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CY JUN 13-18, 2010
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C1 [Bern, Carleton R.; Healy, Richard W.; Breit, George N.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Engle, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Zupancic, John W.] BeneTerra LLC, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA.
EM cbern@usgs.gov; engle@usgs.gov; rwhealy@usgs.gov; gbreit@usgs.gov;
johnz@beneterra.com
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BP A82
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UT WOS:000283941401345
ER
PT J
AU Bhlke, JK
Jackson, WA
Hatzinger, PB
Sturchio, N
Gu, BH
AF Bhlke, J. K.
Jackson, W. Andrew
Hatzinger, Paul B.
Sturchio, Neil
Gu, Baohua
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C1 [Bhlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Jackson, W. Andrew] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Sturchio, Neil] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA.
[Gu, Baohua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
EM jkbohlke@usgs.gov; andrew.jackson@ttu.edu; paul.hatzinger@shawgrp.com;
sturchio@uic.edu; gub1@ornl.gov
RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Jackson, William/B-8999-2009
OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956;
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UT WOS:000283941401382
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PT J
AU Borrok, DM
Landa, ER
Ren, M
Giere, R
AF Borrok, D. M.
Landa, E. R.
Ren, M.
Giere, R.
TI Zinc isotopes of particulate matter from the combustion of coal and a
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C1 [Borrok, D. M.; Ren, M.] Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Landa, E. R.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Giere, R.] Univ Freiburg, Mineral Geochem Inst, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
EM dborrok@utep.edu; erlanda@usgs.gov; mren@utep.edu; giere@uni-freiburg.de
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BP A107
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ER
PT J
AU Bowman, JR
Moser, DE
Wooden, JL
Valley, JW
Mazdab, FK
Kita, NT
AF Bowman, J. R.
Moser, D. E.
Wooden, J. L.
Valley, J. W.
Mazdab, F. K.
Kita, N. T.
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C1 [Bowman, J. R.] Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Moser, D. E.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada.
[Wooden, J. L.; Mazdab, F. K.] USGS Stanford Ion Probe Lab, Stanford, CA USA.
[Valley, J. W.; Kita, N. T.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM john.bowman@utah.edu
RI Valley, John/B-3466-2011
OI Valley, John/0000-0003-3530-2722
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EP A114
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UT WOS:000283941401410
ER
PT J
AU Bullen, TD
Widory, D
AF Bullen, T. D.
Widory, D.
TI Stable isotope signals of metal contaminants in the environment: The
search continues
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C1 [Bullen, T. D.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Widory, D.] Bur Rech Geol & Minieres, Orleans, France.
EM tdbullen@usgs.gov; d.widory@brgm.fr
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SU 1
BP A127
EP A127
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SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401435
ER
PT J
AU Buss, HL
Dessert, C
White, AF
Vivit, D
Blum, AE
Sak, PB
Gaillardet, J
AF Buss, H. L.
Dessert, C.
White, A. F.
Vivit, D.
Blum, A. E.
Sak, P. B.
Gaillardet, J.
TI Mineral nutrient profiles on differing lithologies at three tropical
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CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Buss, H. L.; White, A. F.; Vivit, D.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Dessert, C.] Observ Volcanol & Sismol Guadeloupe, Le Houelmont 97113, Guadeloupe.
[Blum, A. E.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Sak, P. B.] Dickinson Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA.
[Gaillardet, J.] Inst Phys Globe, F-75252 Paris, France.
EM hlbuss@usgs.gov
RI Buss, Heather/M-1693-2013; GAILLARDET, Jerome/F-9096-2010
OI GAILLARDET, Jerome/0000-0001-7982-1159
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UT WOS:000283941401447
ER
PT J
AU Chanton, J
Harden, H
Hicks, R
Katz, B
Wade, E
AF Chanton, Jeff
Harden, Harmon
Hicks, Richard
Katz, Brian
Wade, Edgar
TI SF6 tracers and the subsurface attenuation of nutrients
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C1 [Chanton, Jeff; Harden, Harmon] Florida State Univ, Dept Oceanog, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Katz, Brian] US Geol Survey, Florida Integrated Sci Ctr, Tallahassee, FL USA.
EM jchanton@fsu.edu; Richard.W.Hicks@dep.state.fl.us; bkatz@usgs.gov
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BP A160
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UT WOS:000283941400570
ER
PT J
AU Charette, M
Breier, C
Dulaiova, H
Gonneea, M
Henderson, P
Kroeger, K
Mulligan, A
Rao, A
Slomp, C
AF Charette, Matthew
Breier, Crystal
Dulaiova, Henrieta
Gonneea, Meagan
Henderson, Paul
Kroeger, Kevin
Mulligan, Ann
Rao, Alexandra
Slomp, Caroline
TI Nutrient biogeochemistry in permeable sediments impacted by submarine
groundwater discharge
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Charette, Matthew; Breier, Crystal; Gonneea, Meagan; Henderson, Paul; Mulligan, Ann] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Dulaiova, Henrieta] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Kroeger, Kevin] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Rao, Alexandra] Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Slomp, Caroline] Univ Utrecht, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.
EM mcharette@whoi.edu; hdulaiov@hawaii.edu; kkroeger@usgs.gov;
arao@mpi-bremen.de; slomp@geo.uu.nl
RI Charette, Matthew/I-9495-2012; Slomp, Caroline/A-9406-2012
OI Slomp, Caroline/0000-0002-7272-0109
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A162
EP A162
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400574
ER
PT J
AU Chou, IM
Bassett, WA
Li, JK
AF Chou, I. M.
Bassett, W. A.
Li, J. K.
TI Modified hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell for the study of C-H-O-S fluids
near the Moho
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Chou, I. M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Bassett, W. A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Li, J. K.] Chinese Acad Geol Sci, Inst Mineral Resources, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China.
EM imchou@usgs.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A178
EP A178
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400605
ER
PT J
AU Christensen, JN
Mckinley, JP
Conrad, ME
Stoliker, D
Dresel, PE
DePaolo, DJ
Zachara, JM
AF Christensen, John N.
Mckinley, James P.
Conrad, Mark E.
Stoliker, Deborah
Dresel, P. Evan
DePaolo, Donald J.
Zachara, John M.
TI Uranium isotopic systematics of the 300 Area (Hanford, WA) groundwater
plume and U-contaminated sediments
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Christensen, John N.; Conrad, Mark E.; DePaolo, Donald J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Mckinley, James P.; Dresel, P. Evan; Zachara, John M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Stoliker, Deborah] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jnchristensen@lbl.gov; james.mckinley@pnl.gov; msconrad@lbl.gov;
dlstoliker@usgs.gov; DJDepaolo@lbl.gov; john.zachara@pnl.gov
RI Christensen, John/D-1475-2015
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A179
EP A179
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400607
ER
PT J
AU Corum, M
Lerch, H
Tatu, C
Orem, W
AF Corum, Margo
Lerch, Harry
Tatu, Calin
Orem, William
TI Organic compounds in produced water from coal and shale
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Corum, Margo; Lerch, Harry; Orem, William] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Tatu, Calin] Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Biol, Timisoara, Romania.
EM mcorum@usgs.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A191
EP A191
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400631
ER
PT J
AU Cozzarelli, IM
AF Cozzarelli, I. M.
TI Biogeochemical evolution of groundwater chemistry impacted by leachate
from a closed landfill
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Cozzarelli, I. M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM icozzare@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A193
EP A193
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400636
ER
PT J
AU Cruse, AM
Paxton, ST
Aufill, MG
AF Cruse, Anna M.
Paxton, Stanley T.
Aufill, Michael G.
TI Constraints on sedimentation rates from uranium diffusion
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Cruse, Anna M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Boone Pickens Sch Geol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Paxton, Stanley T.] USGS Oklahoma Water Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK 73116 USA.
[Aufill, Michael G.] Newfield Explorat, Tulsa, OK 74172 USA.
EM anna.cruse@okstate.edu; spaxton@usgs.gov; maufill@newfield.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A197
EP A197
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400643
ER
PT J
AU Curtis, GP
Ye, M
Kohler, M
Fox, PM
Davis, JA
AF Curtis, G. P.
Ye, M.
Kohler, M.
Fox, P. M.
Davis, J. A.
TI Multimodel simulations of the reactive transport of Uranium in small
scale tracer tests
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Curtis, G. P.; Fox, P. M.; Davis, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Ye, M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Kohler, M.] Univ Maine, Dept Civil Engn, Orono, ME USA.
EM gpcurtis@usgs.gov; mye@fsu.edu; pfox@usgs.gov; jadavis@usgs.gov
RI Ye, Ming/A-5964-2008
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A200
EP A200
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400650
ER
PT J
AU De Giudici, G
Medas, D
Podda, F
Lattanzi, P
Cidu, R
Wanty, RB
AF De Giudici, G.
Medas, D.
Podda, F.
Lattanzi, P.
Cidu, R.
Wanty, R. B.
TI Occurrence of hydrozincite biomineralization in Naracauli (Sardinia,
Italy): Structural properties and morphological features
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [De Giudici, G.; Medas, D.; Podda, F.; Lattanzi, P.; Cidu, R.] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy.
[Wanty, R. B.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM gbgiudic@unica.it
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A217
EP A217
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400683
ER
PT J
AU Diehl, SF
Morrison, JM
Goldhaber, MB
Holloway, JM
AF Diehl, S. F.
Morrison, J. M.
Goldhaber, M. B.
Holloway, J. M.
TI Weathering textures and chemical changes of Cr-bearing spinels,
California
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Diehl, S. F.; Morrison, J. M.; Goldhaber, M. B.; Holloway, J. M.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM diehl@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A231
EP A231
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400712
ER
PT J
AU Eberl, DD
Kile, DE
AF Eberl, D. D.
Kile, D. E.
TI Proportionate crystal growth
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Eberl, D. D.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM ddeberl@usgs.gov; dkile4@comcast.net
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A257
EP A257
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400763
ER
PT J
AU Engle, MA
Bern, CR
Healy, RW
Sams, JI
Zupancic, JW
Schroeder, KT
AF Engle, Mark A.
Bern, Carleton R.
Healy, Richard W.
Sams, James I.
Zupancic, John W.
Schroeder, Karl T.
TI Tracking solutes and water from subsurface drip irrigation application
of coalbed methane produced waters
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Engle, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Bern, Carleton R.; Healy, Richard W.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Sams, James I.; Schroeder, Karl T.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Zupancic, John W.] BeneTerra LLC, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA.
EM engle@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A268
EP A268
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400785
ER
PT J
AU Foster, AL
Lowers, HA
Breit, GN
Whitney, J
Yount, J
Uddin, MN
Muneem, AA
AF Foster, A. L.
Lowers, H. A.
Breit, G. N.
Whitney, J.
Yount, J.
Uddin, M. N.
Muneem, A. A.
TI Arsenic association with secondary iron phases on ferroan micas:
Implications for ground water quality in South Asia
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Foster, A. L.] USGS, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Lowers, H. A.; Breit, G. N.; Whitney, J.; Yount, J.] USGS, Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM afoster@usgs.gov; hlowers@usgs.gov; gnbreit@usgs.gov; jwhitney@usgs.gov;
jyount@usgs.gov
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A300
EP A300
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400849
ER
PT J
AU Fox, PM
Davis, JA
Kukkadapu, R
AF Fox, Patricia M.
Davis, James A.
Kukkadapu, Ravi
TI Fe(II) uptake and transformation on uranium contaminated sediment from
the Rifle IFRC field site
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Fox, Patricia M.; Davis, James A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Kukkadapu, Ravi] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM pfox@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A302
EP A302
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400854
ER
PT J
AU Gerbig, C
Ryan, J
Aiken, G
Kim, C
Stegemeier, J
Moreau, J
AF Gerbig, Chase
Ryan, Joseph
Aiken, George
Kim, Christopher
Stegemeier, John
Moreau, John
TI Identification of metacinnabar in mixed mercury, sulfide, and dissolved
organic matter solutions through chromatographic concentration and EXAFS
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Gerbig, Chase; Ryan, Joseph] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Aiken, George] US Geol Soc, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Kim, Christopher; Stegemeier, John] Chapman Univ, Orange, CA 92866 USA.
[Moreau, John] Univ Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
EM gerbig@colorado.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A324
EP A324
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401024
ER
PT J
AU Gilhooly, WP
Robinson, A
Lyons, TW
Manley, P
Cronin, T
Manley, T
Kelley, C
AF Gilhooly, W. P., III
Robinson, A.
Lyons, T. W.
Manley, P.
Cronin, T.
Manley, T.
Kelley, C.
TI From sea to lake, the geochemical history of Lake Champlain, North
America
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Gilhooly, W. P., III; Robinson, A.; Lyons, T. W.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Manley, P.; Manley, T.] Middlebury Coll, Dept Geol, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA.
[Cronin, T.] USGS, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Kelley, C.] Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM williamg@ucr.edu; manley@middlebury.edu; tcronin@usgs.gov;
kelleyc@missouri.edu
RI Kelley, Cheryl/K-9392-2015
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A332
EP A332
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401039
ER
PT J
AU Gondikas, A
Deonarine, A
Hsu-Kim, H
Aiken, GR
Ryan, JN
Masion, A
Auffan, M
AF Gondikas, A.
Deonarine, A.
Hsu-Kim, H.
Aiken, G. R.
Ryan, J. N.
Masion, A.
Auffan, M.
TI Growth and aggregation of ZnS nanoparticles during coprecipitation with
aquatic humic substances
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Gondikas, A.; Deonarine, A.; Hsu-Kim, H.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27713 USA.
[Aiken, G. R.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Ryan, J. N.] Univ Colorado, CNRS, CEREGE, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Masion, A.; Auffan, M.] Aix Marseille Univ, Aix En Provence, France.
EM hsukim@duke.edu
RI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/A-5409-2008; Ryan, Joseph/H-7025-2012; Gondikas,
Andreas/J-1822-2015
OI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/0000-0003-0675-4308; Gondikas,
Andreas/0000-0001-6824-5731
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A345
EP A345
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401065
ER
PT J
AU Greene, AR
Weis, D
Garcia, MO
Kuga, M
Ito, G
Robinson, J
AF Greene, Andrew R.
Weis, Dominique
Garcia, Michael O.
Kuga, Maia
Ito, Garrett
Robinson, Joel
TI Submarine tholeiitic volcanism (ca. 3.6 to 4.9 Ma) West of Ka'ena Ridge,
Hawaiian Islands: Implications of low magma productivity in the
evolution of the Hawaiian Plume
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Greene, Andrew R.; Garcia, Michael O.; Ito, Garrett] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Weis, Dominique] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Kuga, Maia] Ecole Normale Super Lyon, F-69364 Lyon, France.
[Robinson, Joel] USGS, Volcano Hazards Team, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A353
EP A353
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401081
ER
PT J
AU Harden, JW
Lawrence, C
AF Harden, Jennifer W.
Lawrence, Corey
TI The role of disturbance in the regulation of carbon exchange by soils
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Harden, Jennifer W.; Lawrence, Corey] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A381
EP A381
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401138
ER
PT J
AU Hay, MB
Davis, JA
Zachara, JM
AF Hay, M. B.
Davis, J. A.
Zachara, J. M.
TI Sorption of uranium on synthetic porous phases as a model for
understanding grain-scale diffusion kinetics in contaminated sediments
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Hay, M. B.; Davis, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Zachara, J. M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM mbhay@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A388
EP A388
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401151
ER
PT J
AU Holloway, JM
Mills, CT
Marvin-Dipasquale, MC
Alpers, CN
Windham-Myers, L
Fleck, JA
Goldhaber, MB
AF Holloway, J. M.
Mills, C. T.
Marvin-Dipasquale, M. C.
Alpers, C. N.
Windham-Myers, L.
Fleck, J. A.
Goldhaber, M. B.
TI Microbial community structure and methylmercury production in a managed
wetland ecosystem
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Holloway, J. M.; Mills, C. T.; Goldhaber, M. B.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Marvin-Dipasquale, M. C.; Windham-Myers, L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Alpers, C. N.; Fleck, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM jholloway@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A412
EP A412
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401200
ER
PT J
AU Hower, JC
Rangwala, AS
O'Keefe, JMK
Henke, KR
Engle, MA
AF Hower, J. C.
Rangwala, A. S.
O'Keefe, J. M. K.
Henke, K. R.
Engle, M. A.
TI Time series analysis of CO emissions from a coal fire, Eastern Kentucky
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Hower, J. C.; Henke, K. R.] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA.
[Rangwala, A. S.] Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Fire Protect Engn, Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
[O'Keefe, J. M. K.] Morehead State Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Morehead, KY 40351 USA.
[Engle, M. A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM hower@caer.uky.edu
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A422
EP A422
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401220
ER
PT J
AU Hunt, AG
Laughrey, CD
Poreda, RJ
AF Hunt, Andrew G.
Laughrey, Christopher D.
Poreda, Robert J.
TI Noble gases in the natural gas of western New York and north-central
Pennsylvania: Natural analogs for evaluating possible impacts of carbon
sequestration and horizontal drilling
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Hunt, Andrew G.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Laughrey, Christopher D.] Weatherford Labs, Golden, CO 80403 USA.
[Poreda, Robert J.] Univ Rochester, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
EM AHUNT@usgs.gov; Christopher.Laughrey@weatherfordlabs.com;
Poreda@earth.rochester.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A438
EP A438
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401252
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, WA
Rao, B
Rajagopolan, S
Bohlke, JK
Hatzinger, PB
Sturchio, N
Gu, BH
Betancourt, J
Andraski, B
Stonestrom, D
Orris, G
Eckardt, F
AF Jackson, W. Andrew
Rao, Balaji
Rajagopolan, Srinath
Boehlke, J. K.
Hatzinger, Paul B.
Sturchio, Neil
Gu, Baohua
Betancourt, Julio
Andraski, Brian
Stonestrom, David
Orris, Greta
Eckardt, Frank
TI Relation between NO3- and ClO4- occurence in the environment
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Jackson, W. Andrew; Rao, Balaji; Rajagopolan, Srinath; Eckardt, Frank] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Boehlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Sturchio, Neil] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA.
[Gu, Baohua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Betancourt, Julio; Orris, Greta] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Andraski, Brian] US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV USA.
[Stonestrom, David] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
Univ Cape Town, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa.
EM andrew.jackson@ttu.edu; balaji.rao@ttu.edu; rs1979@gmail.com;
jkbohlke@usgs.gov; paul.hatzinger@shawgrp.com; sturchio@uic.edu;
gub1@ornl.gov; jlbetanc@usgs.gov; andraski@usgs.gov; Dastones@usgs.gov;
greta@usgs.gov; frank.eckardt@uct.ac.za
RI Stonestrom, David/E-9125-2011; Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Jackson,
William/B-8999-2009; Eckardt, Frank/N-3682-2015
OI Stonestrom, David/0000-0001-7883-3385; Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956;
Eckardt, Frank/0000-0003-0200-7110
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A451
EP A451
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401471
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JR
Ashley, J
Bell, JF
Farrand, W
Fleischer, I
Jolliff, B
Herkenhoff, K
Yen, A
AF Johnson, J. R.
Ashley, J.
Bell, J. F., III
Farrand, W.
Fleischer, I.
Jolliff, B.
Herkenhoff, K.
Yen, A.
TI Surface alteration of Fe-Ni meteorites analyzed by the Opportunity Mars
Exploration Rover
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Johnson, J. R.; Herkenhoff, K.] Astrogeol Sci Ctr, USGS, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Ashley, J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Bell, J. F., III] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Farrand, W.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Fleischer, I.] Inst Anorgan & Analyt Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
[Jolliff, B.] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Yen, A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
EM jrjohnson@usgs.gov; James.Ashley@asu.edu; jfb8@cornell.edu;
farrand@SpaceScience.org; irisflei@students.uni-mainz.de;
blj@levee.wustl.edu; kherkenhoff@usgs.gov; albert.s.yen@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Johnson, Jeffrey/F-3972-2015
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A473
EP A473
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401515
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, KJ
Fuller, CC
Davis, JA
AF Johnson, K. J.
Fuller, C. C.
Davis, J. A.
TI Uranium sequestration during and after bio-remediation in shallow
aquifer sediments
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Johnson, K. J.; Fuller, C. C.; Davis, J. A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM kjjohnso@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A474
EP A474
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401517
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, T
Versteeg, R
Day-Lewis, F
Wright, K
Major, W
Lane, J
AF Johnson, Tim
Versteeg, Roelof
Day-Lewis, Fred
Wright, Karen
Major, William
Lane, John
TI Electrical geophysical and geochemical monitoring of in situ enhanced
bioremediation
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Johnson, Tim; Versteeg, Roelof; Wright, Karen] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Day-Lewis, Fred; Lane, John] US Geol Survey, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Major, William] NFESC, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A474
EP A474
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401518
ER
PT J
AU Jones, EJP
Voytek, MA
Orem, WH
AF Jones, Elizabeth J. P.
Voytek, Mary A.
Orem, William H.
TI Organic toxicity may be a factor during stimulation of biogenic methane
from coal
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Jones, Elizabeth J. P.; Voytek, Mary A.; Orem, William H.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM ejjones@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A479
EP A479
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401528
ER
PT J
AU Kamenov, GD
Mueller, PA
Wooden, J
Mazdab, FK
AF Kamenov, George D.
Mueller, Paul A.
Wooden, Joe
Mazdab, Frank K.
TI Reliability of LA-MC-ICP-MS Hf isotope analyzes: Insights from natural
and synthetic zircons
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Kamenov, George D.; Mueller, Paul A.] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Wooden, Joe; Mazdab, Frank K.] Stanford Univ, USGS, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Mazdab, Frank K.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM kamenov@ufl.edu; pamueller@ufl.edu; wooden@stanford.edu;
fmazdab@email.arizona.edu
RI Mueller, Paul/B-3974-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A491
EP A491
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401551
ER
PT J
AU Kent, DB
AF Kent, Douglas B.
TI Defining and calibrating surface complexation models for predictive
simulations of reactive transport in field applications
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Kent, Douglas B.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A507
EP A507
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401583
ER
PT J
AU Kharaka, YK
Campbell, P
Thorden, JJ
Thomas, PB
Cole, DR
Hovorka, SD
AF Kharaka, Y. K.
Campbell, P.
Thorden, J. J.
Thomas, P. B.
Cole, D. R.
Hovorka, S. D.
TI Geologic storage of carbon dioxide: Potential environmental impacts of
CO2-organic interactions
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Kharaka, Y. K.; Campbell, P.; Thorden, J. J.; Thomas, P. B.] USGS, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Cole, D. R.] ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Hovorka, S. D.] UT, BEG, Austin, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A511
EP A511
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401591
ER
PT J
AU Kim, CS
Rytuba, JJ
AF Kim, C. S.
Rytuba, J. J.
TI (Micro)spectroscopic investigations of arsenic speciation trends in mine
wastes
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Kim, C. S.] Chapman Univ, Dept Chem, Orange, CA USA.
[Rytuba, J. J.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM cskim@chapman.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A515
EP A515
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401600
ER
PT J
AU Kim, ST
Guo, W
Coplen, TB
Farquhar, J
Eiler, JM
AF Kim, S. -T.
Guo, W.
Coplen, T. B.
Farquhar, J.
Eiler, J. M.
TI Temperature dependence of C-13-O-18 clumping in synthetic aragonite:
Laboratory calibration
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Kim, S. -T.; Farquhar, J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol ESSIS, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kim, S. -T.] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
[Guo, W.; Eiler, J. M.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Coplen, T. B.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM sangtae@mcmaster.ca
RI Kim, Sang-Tae/C-2768-2013
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A517
EP A517
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401603
ER
PT J
AU Krabbenhoft, D
Booth, N
Fienen, MN
Lutz, M
AF Krabbenhoft, David
Booth, Nathan
Fienen, Michael N.
Lutz, Michelle
TI Mapping Mercury vulnerability of aquatic ecosystems across the
contiguous United States
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Krabbenhoft, David; Booth, Nathan; Fienen, Michael N.; Lutz, Michelle] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
EM dpkrabbe@usgs.gov; nlbooth@usgs.gov; mnfienen@usgs.gov; malutz@usgs.gov
RI Fienen, Michael/D-2479-2009
OI Fienen, Michael/0000-0002-7756-4651
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A536
EP A536
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401642
ER
PT J
AU Lawrence, C
Harden, J
AF Lawrence, Corey
Harden, Jennifer
TI Toward a model framework for evaluating the long-term capacity of soils
to sequester carbon
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Lawrence, Corey; Harden, Jennifer] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM clawrence@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A568
EP A568
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401705
ER
PT J
AU Little, MG
Jackson, RB
AF Little, M. G.
Jackson, R. B.
TI Assessing freshwater aquifer contamination from Carbon Capture and
Storage CO2 leak
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Little, M. G.] GSA USGS AAAS, Washington, DC 20515 USA.
[Jackson, R. B.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Jackson, R. B.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM mglittle@alumni.rice.edu; jackson@duke.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A608
EP A608
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401784
ER
PT J
AU Little, SH
Vance, D
Sherman, DM
Hein, JR
AF Little, S. H.
Vance, D.
Sherman, D. M.
Hein, J. R.
TI Copper isotope fractionation in seawater: The role of scavenging by
ferromanganese crusts
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Little, S. H.; Vance, D.; Sherman, D. M.] Univ Bristol, Dept Earth Sci, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England.
[Hein, J. R.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM s.little@bris.ac.uk
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A608
EP A608
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401785
ER
PT J
AU Luengen, AC
Fisher, NS
Bergamaschi, BA
AF Luengen, A. C.
Fisher, N. S.
Bergamaschi, B. A.
TI Trophic transfer of methylmercury in a simple food chain
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Luengen, A. C.; Fisher, N. S.] SUNY Stony Brook, SOMAS, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Bergamaschi, B. A.] USGS Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM aluengen@usfca.edu
RI Bergamaschi, Brian/D-8325-2012
OI Bergamaschi, Brian/0000-0002-9610-5581
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A641
EP A641
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401850
ER
PT J
AU Luoma, SN
Croteau, MN
Dybowska, A
Misra, S
Guo, T
Rainbow, PS
Valsami-Jones, E
AF Luoma, Samuel N.
Croteau, Marie-Noeele
Dybowska, Agnes
Misra, Superb
Guo, Ting
Rainbow, Philip S.
Valsami-Jones, Eva
TI Quantitative assessment of the bioavailability and toxicity of nanometal
particles in aquatic environments: New methodologies
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Luoma, Samuel N.; Croteau, Marie-Noeele] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Luoma, Samuel N.; Guo, Ting] Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Luoma, Samuel N.; Guo, Ting] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Luoma, Samuel N.; Dybowska, Agnes; Misra, Superb; Rainbow, Philip S.; Valsami-Jones, Eva] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Zool, London SW7 5BD, England.
[Luoma, Samuel N.; Dybowska, Agnes; Misra, Superb; Rainbow, Philip S.; Valsami-Jones, Eva] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Mineral, London SW7 5BD, England.
RI Valsami-Jones, Eva/I-1736-2016
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A644
EP A644
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401857
ER
PT J
AU McClelland, WC
Gilotti, JA
Wooden, JL
AF McClelland, W. C.
Gilotti, J. A.
Wooden, J. L.
TI Zircon trace element geochemistry from UHP to exhumation conditions,
North-East Greenland Caledonides
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [McClelland, W. C.; Gilotti, J. A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Geosci, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA.
[Wooden, J. L.] Stanford Univ, USGS Stanford Ion Microrobe Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM bill-mcclelland@uiowa.edu; jane-gilotti@uiowa.edu; jwooden@stanford.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A685
EP A685
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402074
ER
PT J
AU Merschat, AJ
Hatcher, RD
Bream, BR
Miller, CF
AF Merschat, A. J.
Hatcher, R. D., Jr.
Bream, B. R.
Miller, C. F.
TI Age and distribution of southern Appalachian metamorphism delimited by
SHRIMP U-Pb metamorphic zircon ages
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Merschat, A. J.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Merschat, A. J.; Hatcher, R. D., Jr.; Bream, B. R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Bream, B. R.; Miller, C. F.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Merschat, A. J.; Hatcher, R. D., Jr.; Bream, B. R.] Univ Tennessee, Sci Alliance Ctr Excellence, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM amerschat@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A701
EP A701
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402105
ER
PT J
AU Michael, HA
Voss, CI
Radloff, KA
Zheng, Y
AF Michael, H. A.
Voss, C. I.
Radloff, K. A.
Zheng, Y.
TI Regional modeling of groundwater flow and arsenic transport in the
Bengal Basin: Effects of sorption on safe groundwater use
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Michael, H. A.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Voss, C. I.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
[Radloff, K. A.] Columbia Univ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Zheng, Y.] CUNY Queens Coll, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
EM hmichael@udel.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A704
EP A704
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402112
ER
PT J
AU Mills, CT
Morrison, JM
Goldhaber, MB
AF Mills, Christopher T.
Morrison, Jean M.
Goldhaber, Martin B.
TI Controls on the Formation of Geogenic Cr(VI) in Soils of the Sacramento
Valley, California
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Mills, Christopher T.; Morrison, Jean M.; Goldhaber, Martin B.] Denver Fed Ctr, United States Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM cmills@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A711
EP A711
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402126
ER
PT J
AU Morrison, JM
Goldhaber, MB
Hooper, RL
Diehl, SF
AF Morrison, J. M.
Goldhaber, M. B.
Hooper, R. L.
Diehl, S. F.
TI Accumulation of Cr and Ni in clays and nanocrystalline iron oxides from
ultramafically-derived sediments in northern California, USA
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Morrison, J. M.; Goldhaber, M. B.; Diehl, S. F.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hooper, R. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Eau Claire, WI 54702 USA.
EM jmorrison@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A728
EP A728
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402159
ER
PT J
AU Mumford, A
Barringer, J
Reilly, P
Young, LY
AF Mumford, A.
Barringer, J.
Reilly, P.
Young, L. Y.
TI Potential role for bacteria in arsenic release to groundwater
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Mumford, A.; Young, L. Y.] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Barringer, J.; Reilly, P.] US Geol Survey, NJ Water Sci Ctr, W Trenton, NJ 08628 USA.
EM amumford@eden.rutgers.edu; jbarring@usgs.gov; jankowsk@usgs.gov;
lyoung@aesop.rutgers.edu
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A737
EP A737
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402177
ER
PT J
AU Neuzil, CE
Person, M
AF Neuzil, C. E.
Person, Mark
TI Semipermeability and solute transport in groundwater
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Neuzil, C. E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Person, Mark] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environ Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
EM ceneuzil@usgs.gov; mperson@nmt.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A754
EP A754
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402212
ER
PT J
AU Neymark, LA
Paces, JB
Wooden, JL
AF Neymark, Leonid A.
Paces, James B.
Wooden, Joseph L.
TI SIMS U-Pb dating of alluvial deposits using authigenic and detrital opal
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Neymark, Leonid A.; Paces, James B.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Wooden, Joseph L.] Stanford Univ, SUMAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM lneymark@usgs.gov; jbpaces@usgs.gov; jwooden@stanford.edu
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A755
EP A755
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402214
ER
PT J
AU Nordstrom, DK
McCleskey, RB
Susong, DD
Ball, JW
AF Nordstrom, D. Kirk
McCleskey, R. Blaine
Susong, David D.
Ball, James W.
TI Arsenic not attenuated during downstream transport in Gibbon and
Firehole Rivers, Yellowstone National Park
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Nordstrom, D. Kirk; McCleskey, R. Blaine; Ball, James W.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Susong, David D.] US Geol Survey, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
EM dkn@usgs.gov; rbmccles@usgs.gov; ddusong@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A764
EP A764
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402232
ER
PT J
AU Orem, W
Tatu, C
Pavlovic, N
Kolker, A
Engle, M
Bunnell, J
Lerch, H
Corum, M
AF Orem, William
Tatu, Calin
Pavlovic, Nikola
Kolker, Allan
Engle, Mark
Bunnell, Joseph
Lerch, Harry
Corum, Margo
TI Coal and human health
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Orem, William; Kolker, Allan; Engle, Mark; Bunnell, Joseph; Lerch, Harry; Corum, Margo] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Tatu, Calin] Univ Med & Farm Timisoara, Dept Biol, Timisoara, Romania.
[Pavlovic, Nikola] Univ Nis, Fac Med, Inst Biomed Res, Nish, Serbia.
EM borem@usgs.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A778
EP A778
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402260
ER
PT J
AU Rao, B
Jackson, WA
Bohlke, JK
Hatzinger, PB
Gu, B
Sturchio, N
AF Rao, B.
Jackson, W. A.
Boehlke, J. K.
Hatzinger, P. B.
Gu, B.
Sturchio, Neil
TI Understanding natural perchlorate formation by ozone and UV-oxidation of
aqueous Cl species
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Rao, B.; Jackson, W. A.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Boehlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Gu, B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Sturchio, Neil] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA.
EM balaji.rao@ttu.edu; andrew.jackson@ttu.edu; jkbohlke@usgs.gov;
paul.hatzinger@shawgrp.com; gub1@ornl.gov; sturchio@uic.edu
RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Jackson, William/B-8999-2009
OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956;
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A848
EP A848
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402400
ER
PT J
AU Ribeiro, LP
Calvert, A
Franca, Z
Rodrigues, B
Abreu, MP
AF Ribeiro, L. P.
Calvert, A.
Franca, Z.
Rodrigues, B.
Abreu, M. P.
TI New Ar-40/Ar-39 and geochemical constraints on Sao Jorge Island, Azores
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Ribeiro, L. P.; Abreu, M. P.] EMEPC, Lisbon, Portugal.
[Calvert, A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Rodrigues, B.] Univ Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
EM luisapr@emepc-portugal.org
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A867
EP A867
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402438
ER
PT J
AU Rowan, EL
Engle, MA
AF Rowan, Elisabeth L.
Engle, Mark A.
TI Inorganic geochemical composition of Appalachian Basin formation waters
- Preliminary examination
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Rowan, Elisabeth L.; Engle, Mark A.] USGS, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM erowan@usgs.gov; engle@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A888
EP A888
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402479
ER
PT J
AU Sanchez, PL
Bodnar, RJ
Kamilli, R
AF Sanchez, P. Lecumberri
Bodnar, R. J.
Kamilli, R.
TI Temporal and spatial evolution of fluids related to hydrothermal
alteration and porphyry copper mineralization at Red Mountain, AZ
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Sanchez, P. Lecumberri; Bodnar, R. J.] Virginia Polytech & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Kamilli, R.] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM pilar@vt.edu; rjb@vt.edu; bkamilli@usgs.gov
RI Bodnar, Robert/A-1916-2009
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A572
EP A572
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941401712
ER
PT J
AU Schulz, MS
Bullen, TD
White, AF
Fitzpatrick, JF
AF Schulz, M. S.
Bullen, T. D.
White, A. F.
Fitzpatrick, J. F.
TI Evidence of iron isotope fractionation due to biologic lifting in a soil
chronosequence
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Schulz, M. S.; Bullen, T. D.; White, A. F.; Fitzpatrick, J. F.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM mschulz@usgs.gov
NR 2
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A927
EP A927
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402558
ER
PT J
AU Shanks, WCP
Ono, S
Seewald, J
Reeves, E
Tivey, M
Craddock, P
AF Shanks, W. C. Pat
Ono, Shuhei
Seewald, Jeffrey
Reeves, Eoghan
Tivey, Meg
Craddock, Paul
TI Stable isotope studies of Manus basin hydrothermal vent fluids and
deposits
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Shanks, W. C. Pat] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Ono, Shuhei] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Seewald, Jeffrey; Reeves, Eoghan; Tivey, Meg] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Craddock, Paul] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM pshanks@usgs.gov; sono@mit.edu; jseewald@whoi.edu; ereeves@whoi.edu;
mktivey@whoi.edu; craddock@geosci.uchicago.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A940
EP A940
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402583
ER
PT J
AU Solomon, DK
Heilweil, VM
AF Solomon, D. K.
Heilweil, V. M.
TI Gases in managed aquifer recharge
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Solomon, D. K.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Heilweil, V. M.] US Geol Survey, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
EM kip.solomon@utah.edu; heilweil@USGS.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A976
EP A976
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402656
ER
PT J
AU Stollenwerk, KG
AF Stollenwerk, K. G.
TI Geochemical implications for sustainable utilization of low-arsenic
aquifers in the Bengal Basin
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Stollenwerk, K. G.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM kgstolle@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A995
EP A995
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402694
ER
PT J
AU Sturchio, NC
Beloso, AD
Bohlke, JK
Caffee, M
Gu, B
Hatzinger, PD
Heraty, LJ
Jackson, WA
AF Sturchio, N. C.
Beloso, A. D., Jr.
Boehlke, J. K.
Caffee, M.
Gu, B.
Hatzinger, P. D.
Heraty, L. J.
Jackson, W. Andrew
TI Isotopic tracing of the origin and transport of perchlorate
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Sturchio, N. C.; Beloso, A. D., Jr.; Heraty, L. J.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Boehlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Caffee, M.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Gu, B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Hatzinger, P. D.] Shaw Environm Inc, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA.
[Jackson, W. Andrew] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM sturchio@uic.edu; jkbohlke@usgs.gov; mcaffee@physics.purdue.edu;
gub1@ornl.gov; paul.hatzonger@shawgrp.com; Andrew.Jackson@ttu.edu
RI Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012; Jackson, William/B-8999-2009
OI Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956;
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A1001
EP A1001
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941402705
ER
PT J
AU Teng, FZ
Dauphas, N
Huang, S
Helz, RT
AF Teng, F. -Z.
Dauphas, N.
Huang, S.
Helz, R. T.
TI Diffusion-driven kinetic magnesium and iron isotope fractionation in
Hawaiian basalts and olivines
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Teng, F. -Z.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Geosci & Space Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Dauphas, N.] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Dauphas, N.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Huang, S.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Helz, R. T.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM fteng@uark.edu
RI Dauphas, Nicolas/E-4568-2011
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A1036
EP A1036
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400113
ER
PT J
AU Wanless, D
Perfit, M
Ridley, WI
Klein, E
Wallace, P
Valley, JW
Grimes, C
AF Wanless, D.
Perfit, M.
Ridley, W. I.
Klein, E.
Wallace, P.
Valley, J. W.
Grimes, C.
TI Geochemical evidence for crustal assimilation at mid-ocean ridges
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Wanless, D.; Perfit, M.] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Ridley, W. I.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Klein, E.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
[Wallace, P.] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Valley, J. W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Grimes, C.] Dept Geosci, Mississippi State, MS USA.
RI Valley, John/B-3466-2011
OI Valley, John/0000-0003-3530-2722
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A1113
EP A1113
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400267
ER
PT J
AU White, AF
Schulz, S
Vivit, D
Evett, R
AF White, A. F.
Schulz, S.
Vivit, D.
Evett, R.
TI Biotic/abiotic controls on silica cycling in a grassland soil
chronosequence
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [White, A. F.; Schulz, S.; Vivit, D.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Evett, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM afwhite@usgs.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A1128
EP A1128
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400296
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, SA
AF Wilson, S. A.
TI Development of geochemcial reference materials: USGS experiences and
future directions
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Wilson, S. A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
EM swilson@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A1136
EP A1136
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400312
ER
PT J
AU Ye, M
Lu, D
Miller, G
Curtis, GP
Meyer, PD
Yabusaki, SB
AF Ye, M.
Lu, D.
Miller, G.
Curtis, G. P.
Meyer, P. D.
Yabusaki, S. B.
TI Assessment of predictive uncertainty in coupled groundwater reactive
transport modeling
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Conference on Goldschmidt 2010 - Earth, Energy, and the Environment
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Knoxville, TN
C1 [Ye, M.; Lu, D.; Miller, G.] Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Curtis, G. P.] US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Meyer, P. D.; Yabusaki, S. B.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Tech Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM mye@fsu.edu; gpcurtis@usgs.gov; Philip.Meyer@pnl.gov; yabusaki@pnl.gov
RI Ye, Ming/A-5964-2008
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 12
SU 1
BP A1183
EP A1183
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 676TL
UT WOS:000283941400406
ER
PT J
AU Scharer, KM
Biasi, GP
Weldon, RJ
Fumal, TE
AF Scharer, Katherine M.
Biasi, Glenn P.
Weldon, Ray J., II
Fumal, Tom E.
TI Quasi-periodic recurrence of large earthquakes on the southern San
Andreas fault
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PALEOSEISMIC SITE; CALIFORNIA; WRIGHTWOOD; PALEOEARTHQUAKES;
PROBABILITY; RUPTURE; HAZARD; DISPLACEMENT; MAGNITUDE; INTERVAL
AB It has been 153 yr since the last large earthquake on the southern San Andreas fault (California, United States), but the average interseismic interval is only similar to 100 yr. If the recurrence of large earthquakes is periodic, rather than random or clustered, the length of this period is notable and would generally increase the risk estimated in probabilistic seismic hazard analyses. Unfortunately, robust characterization of a distribution describing earthquake recurrence on a single fault is limited by the brevity of most earthquake records. Here we use statistical tests on a 3000 yr combined record of 29 ground-rupturing earthquakes from Wrightwood, California. We show that earthquake recurrence there is more regular than expected from a Poisson distribution and is not clustered, leading us to conclude that recurrence is quasi-periodic. The observation of unimodal time dependence is persistent across an observationally based sensitivity analysis that critically examines alternative interpretations of the geologic record. The results support formal forecast efforts that use renewal models to estimate probabilities of future earthquakes on the southern San Andreas fault. Only four intervals (15%) from the record are longer than the present open interval, highlighting the current hazard posed by this fault.
C1 [Scharer, Katherine M.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Geol, Boone, NC 28608 USA.
[Biasi, Glenn P.] Univ Nevada, Seismol Lab, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Weldon, Ray J., II] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97405 USA.
[Fumal, Tom E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Scharer, KM (reprint author), Appalachian State Univ, Dept Geol, Boone, NC 28608 USA.
EM scharerkm@appstate.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Earthquake Hazards Reduction
Program [02HQGR0005, 04HQGR0042, 05HQGR0071]; Southern California
Earthquake Center (SCEC); National Science Foundation [EAR-0106924];
USGS [02HQAG0008]
FX This work was primarily supported by internal and external support from
the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Earthquake Hazards Reduction
Program (grants 02HQGR0005, 04HQGR0042, and 05HQGR0071) and the Southern
California Earthquake Center (SCEC), which is funded by National Science
Foundation Cooperative Agreement EAR-0106924 and USGS Cooperative
Agreement 02HQAG0008. This is SCEC contribution 1291. Additional support
came from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and the Southern
California Water Company. We thank Bill Ellsworth, Ned Field, Tom Hanks,
George Hilley, Scott Marshall, and an anonymous reviewer for comments
and questions that improved this manuscript.
NR 30
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 16
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 6
BP 555
EP 558
DI 10.1130/G30746.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 594UR
UT WOS:000277565000019
ER
PT J
AU Xu, JP
AF Xu, J. P.
TI Normalized velocity profiles of field-measured turbidity currents
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FLOW; SEDIMENT; CANYON
AB Multiple turbidity currents were recorded in two submarine canyons with maximum speed as high as 280 cm/s. For each individual turbidity current measured at a fixed station, its depth-averaged velocity typically decreased over time while its thickness increased. Some turbidity currents gained in speed as they traveled downcanyon, suggesting a possible self-accelerating process. The measured velocity profiles, first in this high resolution, allowed normalizations with various schemes. Empirical functions, obtained from laboratory experiments whose spatial and time scales are two to three orders of magnitude smaller, were found to represent the field data fairly well. The best similarity collapse of the velocity profiles was achieved when the streamwise velocity and the elevation were normalized respectively by the depth-averaged velocity and the turbidity current thickness. This normalization scheme can be generalized to an empirical function Y = exp(-alpha X-beta) for the jet region above the velocity maximum. Confirming theoretical arguments and laboratory results of other studies, the field turbidity currents are Froude-supercritical.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Xu, JP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 20
TC 37
Z9 40
U1 4
U2 14
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 6
BP 563
EP 566
DI 10.1130/G30582.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 594UR
UT WOS:000277565000021
ER
PT J
AU Steltenpohl, MG
Zietz, I
Horton, JW
Daniels, DL
AF Steltenpohl, Mark G.
Zietz, Isidore
Horton, J. Wright, Jr.
Daniels, David L.
TI New York-Alabama lineament: A buried right-slip fault bordering the
Appalachians and mid-continent North America
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BASIN; LAURENTIA; TENNESSEE
AB The New York-Alabama (NY-AL) lineament, recognized in 1978, is a magnetic anomaly that delineates a fundamental though historically enigmatic crustal boundary in eastern North America that is deeply buried beneath the Appalachian basin. Data not in the original aeromagnetic data set, particularly the lack of any information available at the time to constrain the southern continuation of the anomaly southwest of Tennessee, left the source of the lineament open to conjecture. We use modern digital aeromagnetic maps to fill in these data gaps and, for the first time, constrain the southern termination of the NY-AL lineament. Our analysis indicates that the lineament reflects a crustal-scale, right-lateral strike-slip fault that has displaced anomalies attributed to Grenville orogenesis by similar to 220 km. Palinspastic restoration of this displacement rearranges the trace of the Grenville belt in southern Rodinia and implies only passive influence on later-formed Appalachian structures. The precise timing of dextral movement on the NY-AL structure is not resolvable from the existing data set, but it must have occurred during one of, or combinations of, the following events: (1) a late, postcontractional (post-Ottawan) stage of the Grenville orogeny; (2) late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian rifting of Laurentia; or (3) right-slip reactivation during the late Neoproterozoic-Cambrian rifting of Laurentia, or during Appalachian movements. Our palinspastic reconstruction also implies that the host rocks for modern earthquakes in the Eastern Tennessee Seismic Zone are metasedimentary gneisses, and it provides an explanation for the spatial location and size of the seismic zone.
C1 [Steltenpohl, Mark G.] Auburn Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Zietz, Isidore; Horton, J. Wright, Jr.; Daniels, David L.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Steltenpohl, MG (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
NR 23
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 6
BP 571
EP 574
DI 10.1130/G30978.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 594UR
UT WOS:000277565000023
ER
PT J
AU Beauval, C
Yepes, H
Bakun, WH
Egred, J
Alvarado, A
Singaucho, JC
AF Beauval, Celine
Yepes, Hugo
Bakun, William H.
Egred, Jose
Alvarado, Alexandra
Singaucho, Juan-Carlos
TI Locations and magnitudes of historical earthquakes in the Sierra of
Ecuador (1587-1996)
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Seismicity and tectonics; Seismic attenuation; South America
ID NORTHWESTERN SOUTH-AMERICA; SEISMIC INTENSITY DATA; NORTHERN ANDES;
GROUND-MOTION; ATTENUATION; FRANCE; REGION; FAULT; UNCERTAINTIES;
SEGMENTATION
AB P>The whole territory of Ecuador is exposed to seismic hazard. Great earthquakes can occur in the subduction zone (e.g. Esmeraldas, 1906, M-w 8.8), whereas lower magnitude but shallower and potentially more destructive earthquakes can occur in the highlands. This study focuses on the historical crustal earthquakes of the Andean Cordillera. Several large cities are located in the Interandean Valley, among them Quito, the capital (similar to 2.5 millions inhabitants). A total population of similar to 6 millions inhabitants currently live in the highlands, raising the seismic risk. At present, precise instrumental data for the Ecuadorian territory is not available for periods earlier than 1990 (beginning date of the revised instrumental Ecuadorian seismic catalogue); therefore historical data are of utmost importance for assessing seismic hazard. In this study, the Bakun & Wentworth method is applied in order to determine magnitudes, locations, and associated uncertainties for historical earthquakes of the Sierra over the period 1587-1976. An intensity-magnitude equation is derived from the four most reliable instrumental earthquakes (M-w between 5.3 and 7.1). Intensity data available per historical earthquake vary between 10 (Quito, 1587, Intensity >= VI) and 117 (Riobamba, 1797, Intensity >= III). The bootstrap resampling technique is coupled to the B&W method for deriving geographical confidence contours for the intensity centre depending on the data set of each earthquake, as well as confidence intervals for the magnitude. The extension of the area delineating the intensity centre location at the 67 per cent confidence level (+/- 1 Sigma) depends on the amount of intensity data, on their internal coherence, on the number of intensity degrees available, and on their spatial distribution. Special attention is dedicated to the few earthquakes described by intensities reaching IX, X and XI degrees. Twenty-five events are studied, and nineteen new epicentral locations are obtained, yielding equivalent moment magnitudes between 5.0 and 7.6. Large earthquakes seem to be related to strike slip faults between the North Andean Block and stable South America to the east, while moderate earthquakes (M-w < 6) seem to be associated with to thrust faults located on the western internal slopes of the Interandean Valley.
C1 [Beauval, Celine] IRD UJF CNRS, LGIT, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France.
[Yepes, Hugo; Egred, Jose; Alvarado, Alexandra; Singaucho, Juan-Carlos] Escuela Politec Nacl, Inst Geofis, Quito, Ecuador.
[Bakun, William H.] USGS, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
RP Beauval, C (reprint author), IRD UJF CNRS, LGIT, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France.
EM celine.beauval@obs.ujf-grenoble.fr
FU Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-07-BLAN-143]
FX In charge of historical seismicity first at the Observatorio Astronomico
and later at the Geophysical Institute in Quito since the early
seventies, Jose Egred has contributed to this specific study and is
naturally a co-author. Nonetheless, a special tribute must be paid for
his long-lasting involvement in gathering and analysing historical
documents, and building the intensity catalogue, which constitutes one
of the fundamental foundations for all future seismic hazard studies led
in Ecuador. Besides, we are grateful to R. Stein and W. Mooney who made
interesting and stimulating comments on an earlier version of the
manuscript. We thank the editor Andrew Curtis and two anonymous
reviewers for insightful evaluations of the manuscript and constructive
suggestions. Programs and figures rely on Mathematica
(http://www.wolfram.com/). J. Aguilar, E. Pathier and C. Lasserre kindly
helped us for producing some of the figures. This work has been
partially supported by the ADN project (Andes du Nord) from the Agence
Nationale de la Recherche under the Contract Number ANR-07-BLAN-143.
NR 58
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 10
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 181
IS 3
BP 1613
EP 1633
DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04569.x
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 596WO
UT WOS:000277716400029
ER
PT J
AU Sweetkind, DS
Taylor, EM
McCabe, CA
Langenheim, VE
McLaughlin, RJ
AF Sweetkind, Donald S.
Taylor, Emily M.
McCabe, Craig A.
Langenheim, Victoria E.
McLaughlin, Robert J.
TI Three-dimensional geologic modeling of the Santa Rosa Plain, California
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
AB New three-dimensional (3D) lithologic and stratigraphic models of the Santa Rosa Plain (California, USA) delineate the thickness, extent, and distribution of subsurface geologic units and allow integration of diverse data sets to produce a lithologic, stratigraphic, and structural architecture for the region. This framework can be used to predict pathways of groundwater flow beneath the Santa Rosa Plain and potential areas of enhanced or focused seismic shaking.
Lithologic descriptions from 2683 wells were simplified to 19 internally consistent lithologic classes. These distinctive lithologic classes were used to construct a 3D model of lithologic variations within the basin by extrapolating data away from drill holes using a nearest-neighbor approach. Subsurface stratigraphy was defined through the identification of distinctive lithologic packages tied, where possible, to high-quality well control and to surface exposures. The 3D stratigraphic model consists of three bounding components: fault surfaces, stratigraphic surfaces, and a surface representing the top of pre-Cenozoic basement, derived from inversion of regional gravity data.
The 3D lithologic model displays a west to east transition from dominantly marine sands to heterogeneous continental sediments. In contrast to previous stratigraphic studies, the new models emphasize the prevalence of the clay-rich Petaluma Formation and its heterogeneous nature. Isopach maps of the Glen Ellen Formation and the 3D stratigraphic model show the influence of the Trenton Ridge, a concealed basement ridge that bisects the plain, on sedimentation; the thickest deposits of the Glen Ellen Formation are confined to north of the Trenton Ridge.
C1 [Sweetkind, Donald S.; Taylor, Emily M.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[McCabe, Craig A.] ESRI, Redlands, CA 92373 USA.
[Langenheim, Victoria E.; McLaughlin, Robert J.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Sweetkind, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Mail Stop 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM dsweetkind@usgs.gov
OI Sweetkind, Donald/0000-0003-0892-4796
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 3
BP 237
EP 274
DI 10.1130/GES00513.1
PG 38
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 611AA
UT WOS:000278781500006
ER
PT J
AU Galloway, DL
AF Galloway, Devin L.
TI The complex future of hydrogeology
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogeologic research; Heterogeneity; Uncertainty; General
hydrogeology; USA
ID HETEROGENEITY
C1 Calif State Univ Sacramento, US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
RP Galloway, DL (reprint author), Calif State Univ Sacramento, US Geol Survey, Modoc Hall 3005,3020 State Univ Dr E, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM dlgallow@usgs.gov
OI Galloway, Devin/0000-0003-0904-5355
NR 30
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 7
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 4
BP 807
EP 810
DI 10.1007/s10040-010-0585-1
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 599WD
UT WOS:000277943700001
ER
PT J
AU de Souza, OA
Silva, AM
Remacre, AZ
Sancevero, SS
McCafferty, AE
Perrotta, MM
AF de Souza Filho, Oderson Antonio
Silva, Adalene Moreira
Remacre, Armando Zaupa
Sancevero, Sergio Sacani
McCafferty, Anne Elizabeth
Perrotta, Monica Mazzini
TI Using helicopter electromagnetic data to predict groundwater quality in
fractured crystalline bedrock in a semi-arid region, Northeast Brazil
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Geostatistics; Geophysical methods; Crystalline rocks; Semi-arid; Brazil
ID SYSTEM
AB Geostatistical modeling, using airborne and borehole electromagnetic data, was used to estimate electrical conductivity in groundwater within fractured paragneisses and migmatites in a semi-arid climate in northeastern Brazil. Despite the geologic heterogeneity of crystalline aquifers, the use of high resolution helicopter electromagnetic (HEM) data enabled the characterization of groundwater electrical conductivity where data from drilled wells were insufficient. The tacit assumption is that HEM measurements can be used to relate rock electrical conductivity to groundwater electrical conductivity. In this study, the HEM data were used as an external drift variable in non-stationary estimation and stochastic simulation to identify the variability of groundwater electrical conductivity. Validation tests, comparing predicted values for groundwater conductivity with measurements in new wells, confirmed the success of these models in locating fresh groundwater sources in crystalline bedrock.
C1 [de Souza Filho, Oderson Antonio] Geol Survey Brazil, BR-80020926 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
[de Souza Filho, Oderson Antonio] Univ Estadual Campinas, BR-80020926 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
[Silva, Adalene Moreira] Univ Brasilia, Inst Geosci, Appl Geophys Lab, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
[Silva, Adalene Moreira] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Geosci, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
[Remacre, Armando Zaupa] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Geosci, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[Sancevero, Sergio Sacani] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Geosci, BR-01304010 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Sancevero, Sergio Sacani] ROXAR Inc, BR-01304010 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[McCafferty, Anne Elizabeth] US Geol Survey, Crustal Imaging & Characterizat Team, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Perrotta, Monica Mazzini] Geol Survey Brazil CPRM, Remote Sensing Div, BR-01304010 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
RP de Souza, OA (reprint author), Geol Survey Brazil, Rua Voluntarios Patria 475,Sala 10, BR-80020926 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
EM oderson@fo.cprm.gov.br; adalene@unb.br; armando@ige.unicamp.br;
sacani@gmail.com; anne@usgs.gov; perrotta@sp.cprm.gov.br
FU Geological Survey of Brazil; Brazilian Coordination of Higher Education
and Graduate Training-CAPES [BEX-3688/05-4]; University of Campinas
FX The authors thank the support of the Geological Survey of Brazil, the
Brazilian Coordination of Higher Education and Graduate Training-CAPES
(BEX-3688/05-4), the University of Campinas (where the first author
conducted this research as part of his PhD degree), and the valuable
contributions of Gregory Lee and Michael Friedel, researchers from the
US Geological Survey, Denver, CO.
NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 4
BP 905
EP 916
DI 10.1007/s10040-010-0582-4
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 599WD
UT WOS:000277943700008
ER
PT J
AU Patterson, GW
Collins, GC
Head, JW
Pappalardo, RT
Prockter, LM
Lucchitta, BK
Kay, JP
AF Patterson, G. Wesley
Collins, Geoffrey C.
Head, James W.
Pappalardo, Robert T.
Prockter, Louise M.
Lucchitta, Baerbel K.
Kay, Jonathan P.
TI Global geological mapping of Ganymede
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ganymede; Satellites, Surfaces; Jupiter, Satellites
ID GALILEO NOMINAL MISSION; GROOVED TERRAIN; DARK TERRAIN; HIGH-RESOLUTION;
EXTENSIONAL INSTABILITY; CRATERING RATES; IMPACT FEATURES; WATER-ICE;
SATELLITES; JUPITER
AB We have compiled a global geological map of Ganymede that represents the most recent understanding of the satellite based on Galileo mission results. This contribution builds on important previous accomplishments in the study of Ganymede utilizing Voyager data and incorporates the many new discoveries that were brought about by examination of Galileo data. We discuss the material properties of geological units defined utilizing a global mosaic of the surface with a nominal resolution of 1 km/pixel assembled by the USGS with the best available Voyager and Galileo regional coverage and high resolution imagery (100-200 m/pixel) of characteristic features and terrain types obtained by the Galileo spacecraft. We also use crater density measurements obtained from our mapping efforts to examine age relationships amongst the various defined units. These efforts have resulted in a more complete understanding of the major geological processes operating on Ganymede, especially the roles of cryovolcanic and tectonic processes in the formation of might materials. They have also clarified the characteristics of the geological units that comprise the satellite's surface, the stratigraphic relationships of those geological units and structures, and the geological history inferred from those relationships. For instance, the characteristics and stratigraphic relationships of dark lineated material and reticulate material suggest they represent an intermediate stage between dark cratered material and light material units. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Patterson, G. Wesley] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Planetary Explorat Grp, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Collins, Geoffrey C.; Kay, Jonathan P.] Wheaton Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Norton, MA 02766 USA.
[Patterson, G. Wesley; Head, James W.] Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Pappalardo, Robert T.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Lucchitta, Baerbel K.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Kay, Jonathan P.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Patterson, GW (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Planetary Explorat Grp, MP3-E106,11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM wes.patterson@jhuapl.edu
FU NASA [NNG05GJ787G]
FX We thank Ken Tanaka and Jeff Moore for their careful review of this
manuscript and the useful comments they provided. This work was
supported under a grant awarded through NASA's Planetary Geology and
Geophysics program (NNG05GJ787G).
NR 71
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 207
IS 2
BP 845
EP 867
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.11.035
PG 23
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 597VS
UT WOS:000277790900031
ER
PT J
AU Bunte, MK
Williams, DA
Greeley, R
Jaeger, WL
AF Bunte, Melissa K.
Williams, David A.
Greeley, Ronald
Jaeger, Windy L.
TI Geologic mapping of the Hilaka and Shamshu regions of Io
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Io; Volcanism; Geological processes
ID GALILEO IMAGING DATA; VOLCANIC ACTIVITY; HOT-SPOTS; ACTIVE VOLCANISM;
GLOBAL COLOR; PELE PLUME; SULFUR; NIMS; SPECTROMETER; MOUNTAINS
AB We produced regional geologic maps of the Hi'iaka and Shamshu regions of Io's antijovian hemisphere using Galileo mission data to assess the geologic processes that are involved in the formation of Io's mountains and volcanic centers. Observations reveal that these regions are characterized by several types of volcanic activity and features whose orientation and texture indicate tectonic activity. Among the volcanic features are multiple hotspots and volcanic vents detected by Galileo, one at each of the major paterae: Hi'iaka, Shamshu, and Tawhaki. We mapped four primary types of geologic units: flows, paterae floors, plains, and mountains. The flows and patera floors are similar, but are subdivided based upon emplacement environments and mechanisms. The floors of Hi'iaka and Shamshu Paterae have been partially resurfaced by dark lava flows, although portions of the paterae floors appear bright and unchanged during the Galileo mission: this suggests that the floors did not undergo complete resurfacing as flooding lava lakes. However, the paterae do contain compound lava flow fields and show the greatest activity near the paterae walls, a characteristic of Pele type lava lakes. Mountain materials are tilted crustal blocks that exhibit varied degrees of degradation. Lineated mountains have characteristic en echelon grooves that likely formed as a result of gravitational sliding. Undivided mountains are partially grooved but exhibit evidence of slumping and are generally lower elevation than the lineated units. Debris lobes and aprons are representative of mottled mountain materials. We have explored the possibility that north and south Hi'iaka Mons were originally one structure. We propose that strike-slip faulting and subsequent rifting separated the mountain units and created a depression which, by further extension during the rifting event, became Hi'iaka Patera. This type of rifting and depression formation is similar to the mechanism of formation of terrestrial pull-apart basins. With comparison to other regional maps of Io and global studies of paterae and mountains, this work provides insight into the general geologic evolution of Io. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bunte, Melissa K.; Williams, David A.; Greeley, Ronald] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Jaeger, Windy L.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Bunte, MK (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Box 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM Melissa.Bunte@asu.edu
FU NASA
FX This work was supported by NASA through the Outer Planets Research
Program and the Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program. We wish to
thank the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and
suggestions.
NR 71
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 207
IS 2
BP 868
EP 886
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.12.006
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 597VS
UT WOS:000277790900032
ER
PT J
AU Golding, SD
Rudolph, V
Flores, RM
AF Golding, Suzanne D.
Rudolph, Victor
Flores, Romeo M.
TI Asia Pacific Coalbed Methane Symposium-Selected papers from the 2008
Brisbane symposium on coalbed methane CO(2)-enhanced coalbed methane
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Golding, Suzanne D.] Univ Queensland, Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Rudolph, Victor] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem Engn, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Flores, Romeo M.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Golding, SD (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Earth Sci, CO2CRC,GPO Box 463, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
EM s.golding1@uq.edu.au
OI Golding, Suzanne D/0000-0002-2980-1798
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 133
EP 134
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2010.02.003
PG 2
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 609EU
UT WOS:000278639100001
ER
PT J
AU Milici, RC
Hatch, JR
Pawlewicz, MJ
AF Milici, Robert C.
Hatch, Joseph R.
Pawlewicz, Mark J.
TI Coalbed methane resources of the Appalachian basin, eastern USA
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Asia Pacific Coalbed Methane Symposium
CY SEP 22-24, 2008
CL Brisbane, AUSTRALIA
SP Univ Queensland, China Univ Min & Technol
DE Coalbed methane; Appalachian basin; Black warrior basin petroleum
systems; Assessment of undiscovered resources
ID BLACK-WARRIOR BASIN; RESERVOIRS; ALABAMA; PENNSYLVANIA; PLATEAU; ORIGIN
AB In 2002, the U S Geological Survey (USGS) assessed the technically recoverable, undiscovered coalbed-gas resources in the Appalachian basin and Black Warrior basin Assessment Provinces as about 155 trillion cubic feet. Although these resources are almost equally divided between the two areas, most of the production occurs within relatively small areas within these Provinces, where local geological and geochemical attributes have resulted in the generation and retention of large amounts of methane within the coal beds and have enhanced the producibility of the gas from the coal
In the Appalachian basin, coalbed methane (CBM) tests are commonly commercial where the cumulative coal thickness completed in wells is greater than three meters (10 ft), the depth of burial of the coal beds is greater than 100 m (350 ft), and the coal is in the thermogenic gas window In addition to the ubiquitous cleating within the coal beds, commercial production may be enhanced by secondary fracture porosity related to supplemental fracture systems within the coal beds. In order to release the methane from microporus coal matrix, most wells are dewatered prior to commercial production of gas
Two Total Petroleum Systems (TPS) were defined by the USGS during the assessment the Pottsville Coal-bed gas TPS in Alabama, and the Carboniferous Coal-bed Gas TPS in Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, eastern Kentucky. Virginia, Tennessee, and Alabama These were divided into seven assessment units, of which three had sufficient data to be assessed Production rates are higher in most horizontal wells drilled into relatively thick coal beds, than in vertical wells, recovery per unit area is greater, and potential adverse environmental impact is decreased Published by Elsevier B V
C1 [Milici, Robert C.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Hatch, Joseph R.; Pawlewicz, Mark J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Milici, RC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
NR 82
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 160
EP 174
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2009.12.002
PG 15
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA 609EU
UT WOS:000278639100004
ER
PT J
AU Connell, LB
Redman, R
Rodriguez, R
Barrett, A
Iszard, M
Fonseca, A
AF Connell, Laurie B.
Redman, Regina
Rodriguez, Russel
Barrett, Anne
Iszard, Melissa
Fonseca, Alvaro
TI Dioszegia antarctica sp nov and Dioszegia cryoxerica sp nov.,
psychrophilic basidiomycetous yeasts from polar desert soils in
Antarctica
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PHYLLOPLANE YEASTS; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; CRYPTOCOCCUS; TREMELLALES
AB During a survey of the culturable soil fungal population in samples collected in Taylor Valley, South Victoria Land, Antarctica, 13 basidiomycetous yeast strains with orange-coloured colonies were isolated. Phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and partial LSU rRNA gene sequences showed that the strains belong to the Dioszegia clade of the Tremellales (Tremellomycetes, Agaricomycotina), but did not correspond to any of the hitherto recognized species. Two novel species, Dioszegia antarctica sp. nov. (type strain ANT-03-116(T) =CBS 10920(T) =PYCC 5970(T)) and Dioszegia cryoxerica sp. nov. (type strain ANT-03-071(T) =CBS 10919(T) =PYCC 5967(T)), are described to accommodate ten and three of these strains, respectively. Analysis of ITS sequences demonstrated intrastrain sequence heterogeneity in D. cryoxerica. The latter species is also notable for producing true hyphae with clamp connections and haustoria. However, no sexual structures were observed. The two novel species can be considered obligate psychrophiles, since they failed to grow above 20 degrees C and grew best between 10 and 15 degrees C.
C1 [Fonseca, Alvaro] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Ciencias Vida, CREM, P-2829516 Caparica, Portugal.
[Connell, Laurie B.; Barrett, Anne; Iszard, Melissa] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Redman, Regina] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Redman, Regina] Adapt Symbiot Technol, Seattle, WA 98125 USA.
[Rodriguez, Russel] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Rodriguez, Russel] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Fonseca, A (reprint author), Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Ciencias Vida, CREM, P-2829516 Caparica, Portugal.
EM amrf@fct.unl.pt
RI Fonseca, Alvaro/C-5544-2011; REQUIMTE, MM/M-6160-2013; REQUIMTE,
UCIBIO/N-9846-2013
OI Fonseca, Alvaro/0000-0001-9785-9433;
FU NSF [OPP-0125611]; US Geological Survey
FX We thank B. Schulz and A. Stoyles (TEA participant) for fieldwork and
Raytheon Polar Support Service, UNAVCO, and PHI for logistical and
laboratory support while in Antarctica. Funding was provided for this
project by the NSF Office of Polar Programs to L. B. Connell and R.
Rodriguez (OPP-0125611) and by the US Geological Survey (R. Rodriguez).
The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for
the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not
constitute an official endorsement or approval by the US Department of
interior or the US Geological Survey of any product or service to the
exclusion of others that may be suitable.
NR 19
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U1 0
U2 7
PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
PI READING
PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG,
BERKS, ENGLAND
SN 1466-5026
J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR
JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 60
BP 1466
EP 1472
DI 10.1099/ijs.0.015412-0
PN 6
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 618PV
UT WOS:000279369100037
PM 19671723
ER
PT J
AU Grear, DA
Samuel, MD
Scribner, KT
Weckworth, BV
Langenberg, JA
AF Grear, Daniel A.
Samuel, Michael D.
Scribner, Kim T.
Weckworth, Byron V.
Langenberg, Julie A.
TI Influence of genetic relatedness and spatial proximity on chronic
wasting disease infection among female white-tailed deer
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE chronic wasting disease (CWD); disease ecology; epidemiology;
microsatellite genetic markers; social structure; transmissible
spongiform encephalopathy (TSE)
ID MULE DEER; SOCIAL-ORGANIZATION; PATHOGEN TRANSMISSION; PAIRWISE
RELATEDNESS; ADIRONDACK MOUNTAINS; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS;
MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; PRION TRANSMISSION; WISCONSIN; MANAGEMENT
AB P>1. Social organization and interactions among individuals are suspected to play important roles in the transmission and potential management of wildlife diseases. However, few studies have been conducted to evaluate sociality in wildlife disease transmission. We evaluated the hypothesis of socially facilitated transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) among adult female white-tailed deer using spatial location and genetic relatedness for 1387 female deer, and spatial locations of 1321 adult male deer harvested during 2002-2004 CWD control efforts in Wisconsin, USA.
2. Genetically related female deer were significantly clustered at distances of < 3 center dot 2 km. However, spatial autocorrelation based on maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA was 50-fold higher than relatedness estimated from microsatellite loci, indicating spatial overlap of females from different social groups with high rates of male-mediated dispersal and gene flow among groups.
3. Probability of CWD infection in adult females was significantly increased by closely related (full-sibling, mother-offspring) infected females that were both spatially proximate (< 3 center dot 2 km) and farther distant. To a minor extent, the probability of infection was also influenced by the number of nearby infected females (< 3 center dot 2 km), but not by the number of infected males.
4. Direct deer-to-deer transmission of CWD between closely related female deer may be an important route of local CWD transmission.
5. Synthesis and applications. Random mixing and infectious contact may be inadequate models for CWD transmission and disease spread in female deer. Frequency-dependent CWD transmission may be important for females because infectious contacts are limited between members of different female social groups, even if ranges overlap. Given that our data demonstrate a strong relationship between infection probability and female relatedness, CWD management should consider female harvest to maintain smaller female social groups and reduce contact among female deer. However, evaluation of the effects of this strategy on deer social behaviour and contact is needed.
C1 [Grear, Daniel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Samuel, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Scribner, Kim T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Scribner, Kim T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Weckworth, Byron V.] Univ Calgary, Fac Environm Design, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
[Langenberg, Julie A.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53716 USA.
RP Grear, DA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, Mueller Labs 208, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM dag268@psu.edu
RI Grear, Daniel/B-3365-2011;
OI Grear, Daniel/0000-0002-5478-1549
FU United States Geological Survey
FX This study could not have been completed without the time and hard work
of the Wisconsin DNR staff and volunteers as well as the Wisconsin
Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory TSE testing staff. We thank C. Batha,
T. Howard, M. Watrud, K. Beheler and J. Sausen of the WDNR and P.
Boschler and D. Keane of the Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory
for the time and effort they put into sample collection, data management
and disease testing. We thank K. Filcek, S. Libants, L. Main and A.
Simon for their expertise and hard work in the Molecular Ecology
Laboratory at Michigan State University. Funding was provided through
the United States Geological Survey. We also thank D. Coltman, M. Conner
and E. Schauber for valuable comments on early drafts of this
manuscript.
NR 78
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U1 8
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0021-8901
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 3
BP 532
EP 540
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01813.x
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 589QP
UT WOS:000277168000004
ER
PT J
AU Ruiz-Gutierrez, V
Zipkin, EF
Dhondt, AA
AF Ruiz-Gutierrez, Viviana
Zipkin, Elise F.
Dhondt, Andre A.
TI Occupancy dynamics in a tropical bird community: unexpectedly high
forest use by birds classified as non-forest species
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE colonization; community dynamics; forest dependency; fragmentation;
habitat loss; hierarchical model; matrix effects; occupancy modelling
ID SOUTHERN COSTA-RICA; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; MATRIX
HABITATS; PATCH SIZE; LANDSCAPE; RICHNESS; CONSERVATION; MOVEMENT;
MODELS
AB P>1. Worldwide loss of biodiversity necessitates a clear understanding of the factors driving population declines as well as informed predictions about which species and populations are at greatest risk. The biggest threat to the long-term persistence of populations is the reduction and changes in configuration of their natural habitat.
2. Inconsistencies have been noted in the responses of populations to the combined effects of habitat loss and fragmentation. These have been widely attributed to the effects of the matrix habitats in which remnant focal habitats are typically embedded.
3. We quantified the potential effects of the inter-patch matrix by estimating occupancy and colonization of forest and surrounding non-forest matrix (NF). We estimated species-specific parameters using a dynamic, multi-species hierarchical model on a bird community in southwestern Costa Rica.
4. Overall, we found higher probabilities of occupancy and colonization of forest relative to the NF across bird species, including those previously categorized as open habitat generalists not needing forest to persist. Forest dependency was a poor predictor of occupancy dynamics in our study region, largely predicting occupancy and colonization of only non-forest habitats.
5. Our results indicate that the protection of remnant forest habitats is key for the long-term persistence of all members of the bird community in this fragmented landscape, including species typically associated with open, non-forest habitats.
6.Synthesis and applications. We identified 39 bird species of conservation concern defined by having high estimates of forest occupancy, and low estimates of occupancy and colonization of non-forest. These species survive in forest but are unlikely to venture out into open, non-forested habitats, therefore, they are vulnerable to the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation. Our hierarchical community-level model can be used to estimate species-specific occupancy dynamics for focal and inter-patch matrix habitats to identify which species within a community are likely to be impacted most by habitat loss and fragmentation. This model can be applied to other taxa (i.e. amphibians, mammals and insects) to estimate species and community occurrence dynamics in response to current environmental conditions and to make predictions in response to future changes in habitat configurations.
C1 [Ruiz-Gutierrez, Viviana; Dhondt, Andre A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Ruiz-Gutierrez, Viviana; Dhondt, Andre A.] Cornell Univ, Ornithol Lab, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Zipkin, Elise F.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Ruiz-Gutierrez, V (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Corson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM vr45@cornell.edu
RI Dhondt, Andre/A-8292-2008
FU Guani Family Fellowship in Conservation Biology; Cornell Latin American
Studies Program Tinker Foundation Research; NSF-DDEP [OISE-0631735]
FX We acknowledge James R. Zook who carried out the bird point counts for
this study. We are indebted to Andy Royle for his collaboration and
support in the development of this work. We thank Thomas Gavin, Evan
Cooch, Wesley Hochachka and the Dhondt Lab group their intellectual
contribution throughout this project. We also thank Paul Doherty and his
Lab group, Larissa Bailey, Goncalo Ferraz and an anonymous reviewer for
their helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. We are
grateful for the assistance of the staff at the Las Cruces Biological
Station, Michael Atencio, Jeisson Figueroa and the Cedeno and Gamboa
families. This project was funded by the Guani Family Fellowship in
Conservation Biology, the Cornell Latin American Studies Program Tinker
Foundation Research Grant, and an NSF-DDEP (number OISE-0631735) to VRG.
NR 79
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 7
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 3
BP 621
EP 630
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01811.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 589QP
UT WOS:000277168000014
ER
PT J
AU Torrence, SM
Green, DE
Benson, CJ
Ip, HS
Smith, LM
McMurry, ST
AF Torrence, Shannon M.
Green, D. Earl
Benson, Catherine J.
Ip, Hon S.
Smith, Loren M.
McMurry, Scott T.
TI A New Ranavirus Isolated from Pseudacris clarkii Tadpoles in Playa
Wetlands in the Southern High Plains, Texas
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID MORTALITY EVENTS; VIRUS; POPULATIONS; IRIDOVIRUS; USA; DECLINES
AB Mass die-offs of amphibian populations pose a challenging problem for conservation biologists. Ranaviruses often cause systemic infections in amphibians and, in North America, are especially virulent and lethal to larvae and metamorphs. In this paper we describe a novel ranavirus isolate as well as the first recorded occurrence of ranavirus in the southern High Plains of Texas and in associated populations of the spotted chorus frog Pseudacris clarkii. The breeding sites were playas, that is, wetlands that fill via isolated thunderstorms that can occur infrequently; thus, not every playa has water or breeding amphibians annually. We did not detect ranavirus in sympatric anurans, but other reports document ranaviruses in Pseudacris spp. elsewhere. The occurrence of multiple isolates of ranavirus in a number of Pseudacris species suggests that this genus of frogs is highly susceptible to ranaviruses and may experience exceptionally high mortality rates from infection. Thus, the virus may contribute to substantial seasonal population declines and low seasonal recruitment, with negative impacts on populations of breeding adults in successive years.
C1 [Torrence, Shannon M.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Green, D. Earl; Benson, Catherine J.; Ip, Hon S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Lab, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Smith, Loren M.; McMurry, Scott T.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Zool, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Torrence, SM (reprint author), Tonto Natl Forest, 28079 N Arizona Highway 188, Roosevelt, AZ 85545 USA.
EM froggirltx@hotmail.com
FU National Science Foundation [DMS-0201105]
FX We thank D. Ghioca, J. Bhattacharjee, B. Reece, and L. Venne from Texas
Tech University for field assistance and R. Long from the U. S.
Geological Survey's National Wildlife Health Center for laboratory
assistance. Financial support was provided by the National Science
Foundation (grant DMS-0201105).
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0899-7659
J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH
JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 2
BP 65
EP 72
DI 10.1577/H09-035.1
PG 8
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 621QW
UT WOS:000279598200001
PM 20848879
ER
PT J
AU Glenney, GW
Julian, JT
Quartz, WM
AF Glenney, Gavin W.
Julian, James T.
Quartz, William M.
TI Preliminary Amphibian Health Survey in the Delaware Water Gap National
Recreation Area
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID ICHTHYOPHONUS-LIKE INFECTION; MORTALITY EVENTS;
BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; FAMILY
IRIDOVIRIDAE; EMERGING DISEASE; RANAVIRUS; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; DECLINES;
FISH
AB To detect aquatic animal diseases of national concern, 111 individual amphibians, including wood frogs Rana sylvatica (28), spring peepers Pseudacris crucifer (35), red-spotted newts Notophthalmus viridescens (41), and gray tree frogs Hyla versicolor (7), were sampled at seven different sites in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area (DGNRA), Pennsylvania, from June 14 to July 19, 2007. These samples were screened for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and viral pathogens at the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Fish Health Center in Lamar, Pennsylvania. Cell culture revealed cytopathic effect (CPE) in two cell lines (epithelioma papillosum cyprini and fathead minnow) inoculated with liver, kidney, and spleen samples from one sample pool of Notophthalmus viridescens (4 individuals). Polymerase chain reaction was conducted on cell culture supernatant exhibiting CPE. Sequencing revealed the resulting product to be identical to frog virus 3, a ranavirus in the family Iridoviridae. Upon gross examination, two Notophthalmus viridescens were found to exhibit dermal swelling and lethargy. Histological examination of these lesions revealed involvement by an Ichthyophonus sp. In summary, two pathogens of concern were found in amphibians in the DGNRA: a ranavirus with a major capsid protein sequence identical to that of frog virus 3 and a mesomycetozoan, Ichthyophonus sp. Although no epizootic die-offs were observed during this health survey, the results warrant further research into the distribution of these pathogens throughout the DGNRA because they have the potential to cause mass mortalities in amphibians.
C1 [Glenney, Gavin W.; Quartz, William M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fish Hlth Ctr, Lamar, PA 16848 USA.
[Julian, James T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geog, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Glenney, GW (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fish Hlth Ctr, 400 Washington Ave, Lamar, PA 16848 USA.
EM gavin_glenney@fws.gov
NR 49
TC 5
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 22
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0899-7659
J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH
JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 2
BP 102
EP 114
DI 10.1577/H09-037.1
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 621QW
UT WOS:000279598200007
PM 20848885
ER
PT J
AU Kurath, G
Garver, KA
LaPatra, SE
Purcell, MK
AF Kurath, Gael
Garver, Kyle A.
LaPatra, Scott E.
Purcell, Maureen K.
TI Resistance and Protective Immunity in Redfish Lake Sockeye Salmon
Exposed to M Type Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV)
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID RAINBOW-TROUT; VIRULENCE MECHANISMS; GENOGROUP
AB Differential virulence of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) isolates from the U and M phylogenetic subgroups is clearly evident in the Redfish Lake (RFL) strain of sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka. In these fish, experimental immersion challenges with U isolates cause extremely high mortality and M isolates cause low or no mortality. When survivors of M virus immersion challenges were exposed to a secondary challenge with virulent U type virus they experienced high mortality, indicating that the primary M challenge did not elicit protective immunity. Delivery of a moderate dose (2 x 10(4) plaque-forming units [PFU]/fish) of virus by intraperitoneal injection challenge did not overcome RFL sockeye salmon resistance to M type IHNV. Injection challenge with a high dose (5 x 10(6) PFU/fish) of M type virus caused 10% mortality, and in this case survivors did develop protective immunity against a secondary U type virus challenge. Thus, although it is possible for M type IHNV to elicit cross-protective immunity in this disease model, it does not develop after immersion challenge despite entry, transient replication of M virus to low levels, stimulation of innate immune genes, and development of neutralizing antibodies in some fish.
C1 [Kurath, Gael; Garver, Kyle A.; Purcell, Maureen K.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[LaPatra, Scott E.] Clear Springs Foods Inc, Div Res, Buhl, ID 83316 USA.
RP Kurath, G (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM gkurath@usgs.gov
OI Purcell, Maureen/0000-0003-0154-8433
FU USGS Western Fisheries Research Center; Research Division of Clear
Springs Foods; U.S. Department of Agriculture [97-35204-4735]; USDA
[2006-35204-17393]
FX We greatly appreciate the contributions of Carlin McAuley and Debbie
Frost, NMFS, in providing Redfish Lake sockeye salmon eggs. We also
thank Judy Ranson of the USGS Western Fisheries Research Center and
Merle Higgins of Clear Springs Foods for the excellent technical
assistance. This work was supported by the USGS Western Fisheries
Research Center and the Research Division of Clear Springs Foods.
Support for K. A. G. was provided by U.S. Department of Agriculture
award 97-35204-4735, and support for M. K. P. was provided by USDA award
2006-35204-17393. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by
the U. S. Government.
NR 16
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0899-7659
J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH
JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 2
BP 129
EP 139
DI 10.1577/H09-050.1
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 621QW
UT WOS:000279598200010
PM 20848888
ER
PT J
AU Hartwell, S
Morino, K
Nagler, PL
Glenn, EP
AF Hartwell, Sarah
Morino, Kiyomi
Nagler, Pamela L.
Glenn, Edward P.
TI On the irrigation requirements of cottonwood (Populus fremontii and
Populus deltoides var. wislizenii) and willow (Salix gooddingii) grown
in a desert environment
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Avian habitat; Phreatophyte; Restoration plots; Riparian
ID REMOTE-SENSING METHODS; LOWER COLORADO RIVER; UNITED-STATES; NATIVE
TREES; NEW-MEXICO; WATER-USE; SAP FLOW; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; TAMARIX;
TRANSPIRATION
AB Native tree plots have been established in river irrigation districts in the western U.S. to provide habitat for threatened and endangered birds. Information is needed on the effective irrigation requirements of the target species. Cottonwood (Populus spp.) and willow (Salix gooddingii) trees were grown for seven years in an outdoor plot in a desert environment in Tucson, Arizona. Plants were allowed to achieve a nearly complete canopy cover over the first four years, then were subjected to three daily summer irrigation schedules of 6.20 mm d(-1); 8.26 mm d(-1) and 15.7 mm d(-1). The lowest irrigation rate was sufficient to maintain growth and high leaf area index for cottonwoods over three years, while willows suffered considerable die-back on this rate in years six and seven. These irrigation rates were applied April 15-September 15, but only 0.88 mm d(-1) was applied during the dormant period of the year. Expressed as a fraction of reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo), recommended annual water applications plus precipitation (and including some deep drainage) were 0.83 ETo for cottonwood and 1.01 ETo for willow. Current practices tend to over-irrigate restoration plots, and this study can provide guidelines for more efficient water use. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hartwell, Sarah; Glenn, Edward P.] Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA.
[Nagler, Pamela L.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Morino, Kiyomi] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85727 USA.
RP Glenn, EP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, 2601 E Airport Dr, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA.
EM eglenn@ag.arizona.edu
NR 28
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 17
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
EI 1095-922X
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 6
BP 667
EP 674
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.12.007
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 583DI
UT WOS:000276652700007
ER
PT J
AU Smith-Castro, JR
Rodewald, AD
AF Smith-Castro, Jennifer R.
Rodewald, Amanda D.
TI Behavioral responses of nesting birds to human disturbance along
recreational trails
SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE flight initiation distance; flush distance; nest predation; recreational
trails; reproductive success; urban ecology
ID HUMAN INTRUSION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; FOREST BIRDS; PREDATION; CONSEQUENCES;
TOLERANCE; DISTANCE; URBAN; POPULATIONS; ECOTOURISM
AB The presence of recreational trails can impact breeding birds either indirectly by altering habitat or the movement patterns of predators or directly if the presence of humans disturbs birds. We examined the behavioral responses of nesting female Northern Cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) to human disturbance using both experimental and observational approaches. From April to August 2006 and 2007, we monitored Northern Cardinal nests in 18 riparian forests in Ohio, USA. Two experimental trials were conducted at each nest (N = 63), with Flight Initiation Distance (FID, the distance at which a bird flushed from the nest) recorded as we approached nests by walking directly toward them and by walking along trails located variable distances from nests. We also measured flight initiation distance (FID) when nests were approached during routine nest checks (N = 160). Cardinals were six times more likely to flush when nests were approached directly, and females on higher nests were less likely to flush regardless of distance to trail. FID was not significantly influenced by the distance of nests from trails. We found no association between nest survival and the tendency of birds to flush. Rather, nest survival was best explained by nest height. Thus, our findings suggest that the responses of birds to human use of recreational trails have only short-term effects, with no apparent effects of on nest survival. Because the reaction of birds to humans in our study depended on how nests were approached, studies where FID is used as an indicator of sensitivity to human disturbance and is determined by direct approaches may overestimate the potential impact of trails on nesting birds.
C1 [Smith-Castro, Jennifer R.; Rodewald, Amanda D.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Smith-Castro, JR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 4625 Morse Rd,Suite 104, Columbus, OH 43230 USA.
EM jennifer_smith-castro@fws.gov
RI Rodewald, Amanda/D-2038-2012; Rodewald, Amanda/I-6308-2016
OI Rodewald, Amanda/0000-0002-6719-6306
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0340879, DEB-0639429]; Ohio Division of
Wildlife; Ohio Agriculture and Research Development Center; Ohio State
University's School of Environment and Natural Resources; GradRoots
(SENR)
FX We are grateful for funding support from the National Science Foundation
(DEB-0340879 and DEB-0639429 to ADR), Ohio Division of Wildlife, Ohio
Agriculture and Research Development Center, The Ohio State University's
School of Environment and Natural Resources, and GradRoots (SENR). We
gratefully acknowledge the Columbus Department of Recreation and Parks,
Gahanna Parks and Recreation Department, and Franklin County Metro Parks
for access to field sites. We would also like to thank the many people
who spent countless hours in the field, including J. Fullerton, A.
Highland, E. Interis, T. Jones, L. Kearns, W. Li, L. McArthur, D.
Miller, B. Norris, A. Petersen, K. Seger, D. Shustack, K. Uppstrom, and
B. Van Allen. Special thanks to S. Gehrt and V. Bouchard for their
guidance and support, and to D. Shustack for discussions about this
research and helpful statistical advice.
NR 58
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 12
U2 78
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0273-8570
J9 J FIELD ORNITHOL
JI J. Field Ornithol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 2
BP 130
EP 138
DI 10.1111/j.1557-9263.2010.00270.x
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 600HB
UT WOS:000277975000002
ER
PT J
AU Flint, PL
Lance, EW
Sowl, KM
Donnelly, TF
AF Flint, Paul L.
Lance, Ellen W.
Sowl, Kristine M.
Donnelly, Tyrone F.
TI Estimating carcass persistence and scavenging bias in a human-influenced
landscape in western Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; carcass persistence; scavengers; tower strikes; waterfowl
ID BIRD MORTALITY; SONGBIRD CARCASSES; BUFFALO RIDGE; SURVIVAL;
DISAPPEARANCE; MINNESOTA
AB We examined variation in persistence rates of waterfowl carcasses placed along a series of transects in tundra habitats in western Alaska. This study was designed to assess the effects of existing tower structures and was replicated with separate trials in winter, summer and fall as both the resident avian population and the suite of potential scavengers varied seasonally. Carcass persistence rates were uniformly low, with <50% of carcasses persisting for more than a day on average. Persistence rate varied by carcass age, carcass size, among transects and was lowest in the fall and highest in the summer. We found little support for models where persistence varied in relation to the presence of tower structures. We interpret this as evidence that scavengers were not habituated to searching for carcasses near these structures. Our data demonstrate that only a small fraction of bird carcasses are likely to persist between searches, and if not appropriately accounted for, scavenging bias could significantly influence bird mortality estimates. The variation that we documented suggests that persistence rates should not be extrapolated among tower locations or across time periods as the variation in carcass persistence will result in biased estimates of total bird strike mortality.
C1 [Flint, Paul L.; Donnelly, Tyrone F.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Lance, Ellen W.] Anchorage Fish & Wildlife Field Off, Endangered Species Branch, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[Sowl, Kristine M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Cold Bay, AK 99571 USA.
RP Flint, PL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM pflint@usgs.gov
OI Flint, Paul/0000-0002-8758-6993
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services and Izembek NWR;
U.S. Geological Survey
FX Our study was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological
Services and Izembek NWR, as well as the U.S. Geological Survey. We
thank the staff at Izembek NWR for logistical support and the hunters at
Cold Bay, Alaska, for donating bird carcasses. Early drafts of this
manuscript were greatly improved by comments from C. Nicolai, D.
Derksen, and T. Lewis. Any use of trade names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 21
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0273-8570
J9 J FIELD ORNITHOL
JI J. Field Ornithol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 2
BP 206
EP 214
DI 10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00262.x
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 600HB
UT WOS:000277975000010
ER
PT J
AU Sweka, JA
Mackey, G
AF Sweka, John A.
Mackey, Gregory
TI A Functional Relationship Between Watershed Size and Atlantic Salmon
Parr Density
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic salmon; drainage area; quantile regression
AB Atlantic salmon Salmon salar are at critically low levels in Maine rivers and maintaining current populations depends heavily on the stocking of hatchery-produced fry. Fry survival varies greatly not only among rivers but also within rivers. Better understanding of this spatial variability is needed to improve population recovery efforts. Quantile regression was used to examine how parr density varies along stream gradients as a function of the upstream cumulative drainage. Regression quantiles (tau = 0.15-0.90) had significant negative slopes indicating that, in general, as cumulative drainage area increased, parr density decreased. The tau = 0.90 quantile model, which may be viewed as an upper limit to parr density for a given cumulative drainage area, was density = [10 boolean AND(1.0679 - 0.0013 . km(2))] - 1. Quantile regression models were then combined with river-specific habitat data in a Geographic Information System to predict total Atlantic salmon parr production in several rivers. This analysis will help managers determine the potential of a stream reach or entire river to support Atlantic salmon parr and to prioritize and increase the effectiveness of management activities such as fry stocking and habitat restoration.
C1 [Sweka, John A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, NE Fishery Ctr, Lamar, PA 16848 USA.
[Mackey, Gregory] Maine Dept Marine Resources, Bur Sea Run Fisheries & Habitat, Hallowell, ME 04333 USA.
RP Sweka, JA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, NE Fishery Ctr, POB 75,308 Washington Ave, Lamar, PA 16848 USA.
EM john_sweka@fws.gov
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 8
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 1
BP 3
EP 10
DI 10.3996/JFWM-007
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V26LG
UT WOS:000208546500002
ER
PT J
AU Blomquist, SM
Johnson, TD
Smith, DR
Call, GP
Miller, BN
Thurman, WM
McFadden, JE
Parkin, MJ
Boomer, GS
AF Blomquist, Sean M.
Johnson, Trisha D.
Smith, David R.
Call, Geoff P.
Miller, Brant N.
Thurman, W. Mark
McFadden, Jamie E.
Parkin, Mary J.
Boomer, G. Scott
TI Structured Decision-Making and Rapid Prototyping to Plan a Management
Response to an Invasive Species
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE rapid prototype; adaptive management; structured decision-making;
decision analysis; hemlock woolly adelgid; invasive species; Cumberland
Plateau
AB We developed components of a decision structure that could be used in an adaptive management framework for responding to invasion of hemlock woolly adelgid Adeleges tsugae on the Cumberland Plateau of northern Tennessee. Hemlock woolly adelgid, an invasive forest pest, was first detected in this area in 2007. We used a structured decision-making process to identify and refine the management problem, objectives, and alternative management actions, and to assess consequences and tradeoffs among selected management alternatives. We identified four fundamental objectives: 1) conserve the aquatic and terrestrial riparian conservation targets, 2) protect and preserve hemlock, 3) develop and maintain adequate budget, and 4) address public concerns. We designed two prototype responses using an iterative process. By rapidly prototyping a first solution, insights were gained and shortcomings were identified, and some of these shortcomings were incorporated and corrected in the second prototype. We found that objectives were best met when management focused on early treatment of lightly to moderately infested but relatively healthy hemlock stands with biological control agent predator beetles and insect-killing fungi. Also, depending on the cost constraint, early treatment should be coupled with silvicultural management of moderately to severely infested and declining hemlock stands to accelerate conversion to nonhemlock mature forest cover. The two most valuable contributions of the structured decision-making process were 1) clarification and expansion of our objectives, and 2) application of tools to assess tradeoffs and predict consequences of alternative actions. Predicting consequences allowed us to evaluate the influence of uncertainty on the decision. For example, we found that the expected number of mature forest stands over 30 y would be increased by 4% by resolving the uncertainty regarding predator beetle effectiveness. The adaptive management framework requires further development including identifying and evaluating uncertainty, formalizing other competing predictive models, designing a monitoring program to update the predictive models, developing a process for re-evaluating the predictive models and incorporating new management technologies, and generating support for planning and implementation.
C1 [Blomquist, Sean M.; Johnson, Trisha D.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Biol, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
[Smith, David R.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Call, Geoff P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Tennessee Ecol Field Off, Cookeville, TN USA.
[Miller, Brant N.] Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agcy, Real Estate & Forestry Div, Nashville, TN 37204 USA.
[Thurman, W. Mark] Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agcy, Crossville, TN 38555 USA.
[McFadden, Jamie E.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Parkin, Mary J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, NE Reg Off, Hadley, MA 01035 USA.
[Boomer, G. Scott] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Blomquist, SM (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Biol, Box 5063, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
EM seanblomquist@yahoo.com
FU USFWS; USGS
FX A special thanks to the USFWS and USGS for sponsoring the National
Conservation Training Center Structured Decision-making Workshop. Thanks
to Donna Brewer and Jean Cochrane for organizing the workshop and
providing invaluable guidance. Thanks to the anonymous subject editor,
Scott Costa, and the two other anonymous reviewers for their editorial
guidance. Development of the Northern Cumberlands Forest Resources
Habitat Conservation Plan is supported by a planning assistance grant
from the USFWS to Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. More information
on the habitat conservation plan can be found at www.cumberlandhcp.org.
More information on the USFWS/USGS Structured Decision-making Workshops
can be found at
http://training.fws.gov/bart/Course_descriptions/ECS3159.htm.
NR 32
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 22
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 1
BP 19
EP 32
DI 10.3996/JFWM-025
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V26LG
UT WOS:000208546500004
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, RR
Granfors, DA
Niemuth, ND
Estey, ME
Reynolds, RE
AF Johnson, Rex R.
Granfors, Diane A.
Niemuth, Neal D.
Estey, Michael E.
Reynolds, Ronald E.
TI Delineating Grassland Bird Conservation Areas in the US Prairie Pothole
Region
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE grasslands; birds; strategy; Prairie Pothole Region; Grassland Bird
Conservation Areas
AB Conservation of birds is increasingly focused on the importance of landscape characteristics to sustain populations. Implementing conservation on a landscape scale requires reliable spatial models that provide biological context for conservation actions. Before species-specific models relating grassland birds to their habitat at landscape scales existed, we created a conceptual model and applied it to spatial data to identify priority grassland habitats for the protection and restoration of populations of area sensitive grassland birds in the Prairie Pothole Region. Since that time, these Grassland Bird Conservation Areas have been widely used to guide conservation, and variations of these models have been adopted in other regions; however, the process used to delineate them (i.e., the conceptual models) is poorly understood by many users. We describe that process here and offer perspectives on the utility and limitations of conceptual models, especially on the value of making assumptions that commonly underlie management decisions explicitly, thereby making the assumptions testable, and hopefully increasing management transparency, credibility, and efficiency.
C1 [Johnson, Rex R.; Granfors, Diane A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Habitat & Populat Evaluat Team, Fergus Falls, MN 56537 USA.
[Niemuth, Neal D.; Estey, Michael E.; Reynolds, Ronald E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Habitat & Populat Evaluat Team, Bismarck, ND 58501 USA.
RP Johnson, RR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Habitat & Populat Evaluat Team, 18965 Cty Highway 82, Fergus Falls, MN 56537 USA.
EM rex_johnson@fws.gov
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 11
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 1
BP 38
EP 42
DI 10.3996/JFWM-022
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V26LG
UT WOS:000208546500006
ER
PT J
AU Walsh, P
Reynolds, J
Collins, G
Russell, B
Winfree, M
Denton, J
AF Walsh, Patrick
Reynolds, Joel
Collins, Gail
Russell, Brook
Winfree, Michael
Denton, Jeffrey
TI Application of a Double-Observer Aerial Line-Transect Method to Estimate
Brown Bear Population Density in Southwestern Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Ursus arctos; population estimate; double count; contour transects;
distance estimation; gamma detection function; aerial line transects
AB Brown bear Ursus arctos population density was estimated for a 21,178-km(2) study area in southwest Alaska. Estimates were obtained using an aerial line-transect method that allows for peak detection to be both off the transect line and less than 100%. Data collection required five small aircraft with 2-person crews. Surveys were flown in 10-d windows to capture the period after den emergence but prior to full green-up. Surveys were flown in two consecutive years in order to detect sufficient bear groups to support the estimation. The study detected 197 bear groups (330 bears) in 969 aerial transects averaging 24.8 km long and with a strip width of 728 m. Estimated population density in the study area was 40.4 bears/1,000 km(2) (95% CI = 31.4-54.5); estimated density of independent bears was 27.3 bears/1,000 km(2) (95% CI = 21.4-34.4). Assuming similar estimate precision, repeating the survey could detect population changes of approximately 38% or larger with a power of 80%. We find the method described here suitable for regions of relatively high bear population densities or detection rates.
C1 [Walsh, Patrick; Winfree, Michael] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dillingham, AK 99576 USA.
[Reynolds, Joel; Russell, Brook] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Alaska Reg Off, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Collins, Gail] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lakeview, OR 97630 USA.
[Denton, Jeffrey] US Bur Land Management, Anchorage Field Off, Anchorage, AK 99507 USA.
RP Walsh, P (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, POB 270, Dillingham, AK 99576 USA.
EM patrick_walsh@fws.gov
FU Togiak NWR; BLM Anchorage Field Office
FX This project was funded by the Togiak NWR and the BLM Anchorage Field
Office.
NR 34
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U1 1
U2 10
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 1
BP 47
EP 58
DI 10.3996/JFWM-006
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V26LG
UT WOS:000208546500008
ER
PT J
AU Raffaele, HA
AF Raffaele, Herbert A.
TI Dandelions and Climate Change: Lessons from Your Front Lawn
SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE dandelions; r-selection; climate change
C1 US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Int Conservat, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Raffaele, HA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Int Conservat, 4401 N Fairfax Dr, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
EM herb_raffaele@fws.gov
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE
PI SHEPHERDSTOWN
PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698
CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA
SN 1944-687X
J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG
JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 1
BP 59
EP 61
DI 10.3996/JFWM-018
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V26LG
UT WOS:000208546500009
ER
PT J
AU Xu, CL
Letcher, BH
Nislow, KH
AF Xu, C. L.
Letcher, B. H.
Nislow, K. H.
TI Size-dependent survival of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis in summer:
effects of water temperature and stream flow
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; salmonids; size-dependent survival; stream discharge
ID JUVENILE ATLANTIC SALMON; BROWN TROUT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CUTTHROAT TROUT;
BODY-SIZE; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; APPALACHIAN STREAMS; RECAPTURE MODELS;
UNIFIED APPROACH; MORTALITY-RATES
AB A 5 year individual-based data set was used to estimate size-specific survival rates in a wild brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis population in a stream network encompassing a mainstem and three tributaries (1.5-6 m wetted width), western Massachusetts, U.S.A. The relationships between survival in summer and temperature and flow metrics derived from continuous monitoring data were then tested. Increased summer temperatures significantly reduced summer survival rates for S. fontinalis in almost all size classes in all four sites throughout the network. In contrast, extreme low summer flows reduced survival of large fish, but only in small tributaries, and had no significant effects on fish in smaller size classes in any location. These results provide direct evidence of a link between season-specific survival and environmental factors likely to be affected by climate change and have important consequences for the management of both habitats and populations.
C1 [Xu, C. L.; Letcher, B. H.] US Geol Survey, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Leetown Sci Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
[Xu, C. L.] Univ Massachusetts, Nat Conservancy, Connecticut River Program, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Nislow, K. H.] Univ Massachusetts, No Res Stn, USDA, US Forest Serv, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Letcher, BH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Leetown Sci Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
EM bletcher@nrc.umass.edu
FU USGS Conte Fish Research Laboratory; US Forest Service; Northern
Research Unit; Bingham Foundation; Nature Conservancy, Connecticut River
Program
FX We thank J. Coombs, T. Dubreuil, M. O'Donnell and T. Evans for
assistance in the field and for updating and maintaining the database.
We thank C. Apse, K. Lutz and A. Bowden for commenting on previous
versions of the manuscript. We also thank the USGS Conte Fish Research
Laboratory, the US Forest Service, Northern Research Unit, The Bingham
Foundation and The Nature Conservancy, Connecticut River Program for
support throughout the course of this research.
NR 65
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U1 5
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-1112
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 76
IS 10
BP 2342
EP 2369
DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02619.x
PG 28
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 611HD
UT WOS:000278802500005
PM 20557596
ER
PT J
AU Jonstrup, SP
Schuetze, H
Kurath, G
Gray, T
Jensen, BB
Olesen, NJ
AF Jonstrup, S. P.
Schuetze, H.
Kurath, G.
Gray, T.
Jensen, B. Bang
Olesen, N. J.
TI An isolate and sequence database of infectious haematopoietic necrosis
virus (IHNV)
SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE database; FishPathogens; eu; Infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus
(IHNV); phylogeny; rhabdovirus
ID HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA VIRUS; FISH
AB In the field of fish diseases, the amount of relevant information available is enormous. Internet-based databases are an excellent tool for keeping track of the available knowledge in the field. Fishpathogens.eu was launched in June 2009 with the aim of collecting, storing and sorting data on fish pathogens. The first pathogen to be included was the rhabdovirus, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV). Here, we present an extension of the database to also include infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). The database is developed, maintained and managed by the European Community Reference Laboratory for Fish Diseases and collaborators. It is available at http://www.fishpathogens.eu/ihnv.
C1 [Jonstrup, S. P.; Jensen, B. Bang; Olesen, N. J.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Vet Inst, Community Reference Lab Fish Dis, Sect Fish Dis,Div Poultry Fish & Anim, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
[Schuetze, H.] Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Inst Infectol, Sudufer, Germany.
[Kurath, G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Jonstrup, SP (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Vet Inst, Community Reference Lab Fish Dis, Sect Fish Dis,Div Poultry Fish & Anim, Hangovej 2, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
EM spjo@vet.dtu.dk
OI Olesen, Jes/0000-0002-6712-2702
FU Development of European Resource on the Origins of Pathogens of
Aquaculture (EUROPA) [QLRT-2001-02819]; European Commission
[FP6-2004-Food-3-A]
FX We acknowledge colleagues involved in the first developmental stage of
the database in the FP5 project 'Development of European Resource on the
Origins of Pathogens of Aquaculture (EUROPA)' contract no.
QLRT-2001-02819. We would also like to thank all the people who have
reviewed the database and helped us to improve it. This work was funded
through the FP6-2004-Food-3-A project 'EPIZONE' and the European
Commission financial aid for running the Community Reference Laboratory
for Fish Diseases.
NR 8
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0140-7775
J9 J FISH DIS
JI J. Fish Dis.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 6
BP 469
EP 471
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01155.x
PG 3
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 595PO
UT WOS:000277624700002
PM 20367737
ER
PT J
AU Norman, LM
Huth, H
Levick, L
Burns, IS
Guertin, DP
Lara-Valencia, F
Semmens, D
AF Norman, L. M.
Huth, H.
Levick, L.
Burns, I. Shea
Guertin, D. Phillip
Lara-Valencia, F.
Semmens, D.
TI Flood hazard awareness and hydrologic modelling at Ambos Nogales, United
States-Mexico border
SO JOURNAL OF FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Binational; flood; modelling; watershed
ID LAND-USE; URBANIZATION; COVER; URBAN; IMPACTS; WATERSHEDS; MITIGATION;
EROSION; QUALITY; RIVER
AB Appropriate land-use, watershed-management, and flood-attenuation plans are critical in the cross-border urban environment known collectively as Ambos Nogales. This paper summarizes methodologies for predicting the watershed response associated with land-use change within a spatial and temporal context through the use of a hydrological model in a cross-border setting. The KINEROS2 model is implemented via the Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment 2.0 geographic information system interface to evaluate the watershed of Nogales, Arizona, and Nogales, Sonora, Mexico, to assess flood vulnerability by quantifying volumes of runoff and peak flow, based on alternative land-use scenarios. Cross-border geospatial data acquisition and input to models are described. Discussions about the KINEROS2 model results identify flood-prone areas, simulate the impact of land-use change, and evaluate the impact of potential flood-control interventions in the Ambos Nogales watershed. Products from this research are being used in a comprehensive plan for sustainable development in Ambos Nogales.
C1 [Norman, L. M.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Huth, H.] Arizona Dept Environm Qual, Off Border Environm Protect, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Levick, L.; Burns, I. Shea] ARS, USDA, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Guertin, D. Phillip] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Lara-Valencia, F.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Planning, Tempe, AZ USA.
RP Norman, LM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
EM inorman@usgs.gov
FU USGS
FX The developed model integration project described in this paper was
supported by the USGS Geographic Analysis and Monitoring (GAM) Program
to contribute towards an understanding of the land-surface changes
occurring and the consequences of these changes. This project is in
collaboration with many partners including the City of Nogales, Sonora's
Department of Ecology; the National Water Commission in Mexico
(CONAGUA); the Nogales, Sonora Wastewater Utility (OOMAPAS-NS); El
Colegio de la Frontera Norte (COLEF); the City of Nogales, Arizona; U.
S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); and both the U. S. and the
Mexican Section of the International Boundary and Water Commission
(IBWC/CILA). The authors wish to thank William Kepner (EPA), Craig
Tinney (ADEQ), and Susan Benjamin (USGS) for their reviews of this
material.
NR 59
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U1 1
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1753-318X
J9 J FLOOD RISK MANAG
JI J. Flood Risk Manag.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 2
BP 151
EP 165
DI 10.1111/j.1753-318X.2010.01066.x
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 674YV
UT WOS:000283789900007
ER
PT J
AU Brown, PJ
Bozek, MA
AF Brown, Peter James
Bozek, Michael Anthony
TI Anomalous Spawning of Smallmouth Bass in Nebish Lake, Wisconsin:
Implications for Early Spawning and Over-Winter Survival
SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROPTERUS-DOLOMIEUI PISCES; BODY-SIZE; NESTING SUCCESS; LIFE-HISTORY;
CENTRARCHIDAE; REPRODUCTION; TEMPERATURE; SELECTION; FITNESS; STREAM
AB We observed that the smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) population in Nebish Lake, Wisconsin spawned twice-once during the traditional spring period and then again in summer, well beyond the typical spawning season for north-temperate lakes. We documented this anomalous spawning behavior and compared the characteristics of smallmouth bass nests built during the two distinct spawning seasons. Smallmouth bass built 463 nests (110.2 nests/km shoreline) as water temperature was rising toward 20 degrees C. During the summer spawning period, 24 nests (5.7 nests/km shoreline) were constructed between 11 August and 29 August as water temperature was falling. Nests built in summer were significantly farther from shore, in deeper water, farther from cover, larger in diameter, and built by larger males than in the spring.
C1 [Brown, Peter James; Bozek, Michael Anthony] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resoures, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
RP Brown, PJ (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM pbrown@montana.edu
NR 30
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U1 1
U2 9
PU OIKOS PUBL INC
PI LA CROSSE
PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA
SN 0270-5060
J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL
JI J. Freshw. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 2
BP 169
EP 177
DI 10.1080/02705060.2010.9665066
PG 9
WC Ecology; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 600JZ
UT WOS:000277983300002
ER
PT J
AU Clarke, LR
AF Clarke, Lance R.
TI Population Density and Growth of the Freshwater Mussel Anodonta
californiensis in a Flow-Fragmented Stream
SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RIVER; BIVALVIA; UNIONOIDA; UNIONIDAE; CLAM; FISH
AB I studied the endemic California floater (Anodonta californiensis) density and growth in pools of a flow-fragmented stream that differed in amount of surface water inflow. Mussel densities, estimated using mark-and-recapture, were lowest in pools having intermittent summer inflows, and in one of those pools a length-frequency histogram of mussel shell lengths was truncated compared to measurements from pools with perennial inflows. In a summer experiment to measure monthly responsiveness of mussel growth to the range of temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH conditions present in three pools with differing inflows, mean monthly instantaneous growth of caged mussels, based on whole body weight, ranged from 0.22%/day to 0.99%/day and was significantly higher in a pool with intermittent inflows than in those with perennial inflows. Mussel shell growth and percentage of dry tissue weight, an indicator of energy stores in mussels, were also highest in the pool with intermittent inflows. Caged mussel growth was compared to un-caged counterparts. Caging did not have a detrimental effect on growth; growth of caged mussels in one pool exceeded by 20% that of un-caged mussels, while growth was nearly identical in another pool. Mussel growth was strongly correlated with water temperature (R(2) = 0.67) but was only weakly and non-significantly correlated with other habitat variables. My results suggest that flow-fragmentation is responsible for reduced California floater densities in pools with intermittent inflows in Wenas Creek. However, mussel growth and condition was also highest in a pool with intermittent inflows, suggesting that monitoring growth and condition alone may not sufficiently indicate population responses to habitat change.
C1 [Clarke, Lance R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Mid Columbia River Fishery Resource Off, Leavenworth, WA 98826 USA.
RP Clarke, LR (reprint author), Eastern Oregon Univ, 203 Badgley Hall, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
EM lclarke@eou.edu
FU Bureau of Reclamation-led Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project
FX I am grateful for the valuable suggestions and field assistance provided
by W. Scott Willey, Scott Kline, and Dan Church, all with the Bureau of
Reclamation. This study was supported by the Bureau of Reclamation-led
Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project. I thank Kathleen McGrath
and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved this
manuscript.
NR 31
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U1 2
U2 9
PU OIKOS PUBL INC
PI LA CROSSE
PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA
SN 0270-5060
J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL
JI J. Freshw. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 2
BP 179
EP 192
DI 10.1080/02705060.2010.9665067
PG 14
WC Ecology; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 600JZ
UT WOS:000277983300003
ER
PT J
AU Chalupnicki, MA
Ketola, HG
Zehfus, MH
Crosswait, JR
Rinchard, J
McKenna, JE
AF Chalupnicki, Marc A.
Ketola, H. George
Zehfus, Michael H.
Crosswait, Jonathan R.
Rinchard, Jacques
McKenna, James E., Jr.
TI Thiamine Status and Culture of Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax) from
Owasco Lake, New York
SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID EARLY MORTALITY SYNDROME; GREAT-LAKES; ATLANTIC SALMON; SYNDROME EMS;
FORAGE-FISH; MICHIGAN; ONTARIO; TROUT; FOOD; DYNAMICS
AB In 2005, 2008, and 2009, eggs were collected for analysis of total thiamine from 2, 58, and 30 gravid rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) captured in Edgewater Creek, Owasco Lake, New York, respectively. Mean egg thiamine concentrations (nmol/g +/- standard error) in 2005, 2008, and 2009 were 6.0 +/- 1.8, 13.3 +/- 0.5, and 14.9 +/- 0.2, respectively. Eggs from three more females in 2009 were manually spawned, fertilized, and incubated in the laboratory until they hatched on day 11. The mean thiamine concentration in these eggs was 2.7 +/- 0.3 nmol/g. To detect possible thiamine deficiency, on day 12 larvae from each female were divided into two groups and immersed in either static culture water alone or the same water with 5,000 mg/L thiamine for 6 hrs, after which they were held as six individual groups and fed twice daily starting on day 23 until all control larvae had died on day 29. Thiamine treatment significantly (P<0.001) increased survival of unfed larvae between days 15 and 18 and fed larvae between days 24 and 29 (P<0.05). While most smelt captured in 2008 and 2009 contained adequate egg thiamine, some produced eggs low in thiamine, resulting in increased mortality of their fry, which was reduced by treatment with thiamine.
C1 [Chalupnicki, Marc A.; Ketola, H. George; McKenna, James E., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
[Zehfus, Michael H.; Crosswait, Jonathan R.] Black Hills State Univ, Dept Sci, Spearfish, SD 57799 USA.
[Rinchard, Jacques] SUNY Coll Brockport, Dept Environm Sci & Biol, Brockport, NY 14420 USA.
RP Chalupnicki, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
EM mchalupnicki@usgs.gov
NR 34
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U1 1
U2 5
PU OIKOS PUBL INC
PI LA CROSSE
PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA
SN 0270-5060
J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL
JI J. Freshw. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 2
BP 211
EP 217
DI 10.1080/02705060.2010.9665070
PG 7
WC Ecology; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 600JZ
UT WOS:000277983300006
ER
PT J
AU James, DA
Ranney, SH
Chipps, SR
Spindler, BD
AF James, Daniel A.
Ranney, Steven H.
Chipps, Steven R.
Spindler, Bryan D.
TI Invertebrate Composition and Abundance Associated with Didymosphenia
geminata in a Montane Stream
SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DIATOM DIDYMOSPHENIA; RIVERS
AB Didymosphenia geminata, a relatively new aquatic nuisance species that can form extensive, mucilaginous mats on stream substrates, was reported from Rapid Creek, South Dakota in 2002. To examine the association between D. geminata and the invertebrate community in Rapid Creek, macroinvertebrates were quantified using three gear types in the fall of 2006. D. geminata was present at two of four sites sampled (range = 5.53 to 809.68 g m(-2) dry mass). At each site, invertebrates were collected using dip nets, Surber samplers, and drift nets. The combined percentage of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera in areas with D. geminata was lower (41%) than in areas without D. geminata (76%). Diptera abundance was higher at sites with D. geminata than in sites where D. geminata was absent.
C1 [James, Daniel A.; Ranney, Steven H.; Chipps, Steven R.; Spindler, Bryan D.] S Dakota State Univ, USGS S Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP James, DA (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, USGS S Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM Daniel.James@sdstate.edu
FU South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, South Dakota State
University; United States Geological Survey South Dakota Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
FX We thank N. Ahrens, K. Berg, L. Borgstrom, K. Dozark, K. Edwards, D.
Iriarte, A. Jansen, D. Kinicki, and E. Rasmussen for their assistance
with invertebrate collection and processing. J. Erickson provided
comments that improved the manuscript. This study was supported, in
part, by the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, South
Dakota State University, and the United States Geological Survey South
Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit.
NR 23
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Z9 18
U1 2
U2 33
PU OIKOS PUBL INC
PI LA CROSSE
PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA
SN 0270-5060
J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL
JI J. Freshw. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 2
BP 235
EP 241
DI 10.1080/02705060.2010.9665073
PG 7
WC Ecology; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 600JZ
UT WOS:000277983300009
ER
PT J
AU Fincel, MJ
Chipps, SR
Voldseth, RA
AF Fincel, M. J.
Chipps, S. R.
Voldseth, R. A.
TI Chemically-Mediated Predator Inspection Behavior by Fathead Minnow
(Pimephales promelas)
SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POECILIA-RETICULATA; CHARACIN FISH; GASTEROSTEUS-ACULEATUS; ANTIPREDATOR
BEHAVIOR; ALARM SIGNALS; NORTHERN PIKE; STICKLEBACKS; RECOGNITION;
AVOIDANCE; EVOLUTION
AB In the absence of visual cues, information gained from chemically-mediated inspection behavior may serve to reduce predation risk by informing minnow shoals of the proximity of potential predators. Behavioral inspection of predator chemical cues implies that sensory modes other than visual detection may be important for assessing predation risk in shoaling fishes. To assess the potential for inspection behavior by fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas; FHM), we quantified the responses of FHM to chemical cues of a natural predator, northern pike, and chemical cues of conspecifics. The presence of northern pike odor elicited inspection-like behavior among FHM. In control treatments, FHM remained within vegetated cover, and no differences were observed in the number of individuals in open water areas. When northern pike odor was added, significantly more FHM were observed in the open water habitat, although FHM activity was similar to that of controls. This suggests that FHM respond to northern pike chemical cues via directional movement into the open water habitats. These results indicate that FliM acquire information about potential predation risk in the absence of visual cues and engage in seemingly high risk investigating activity.
C1 [Fincel, M. J.; Chipps, S. R.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, USGS S Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Voldseth, R. A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Hort Forestry Landscape & Pk, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Fincel, MJ (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, USGS S Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM Mark.Fincel@sdstate.edu
NR 29
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U1 1
U2 8
PU OIKOS PUBL INC
PI LA CROSSE
PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA
SN 0270-5060
J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL
JI J. Freshw. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 2
BP 279
EP 283
DI 10.1080/02705060.2010.9665078
PG 5
WC Ecology; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 600JZ
UT WOS:000277983300014
ER
PT J
AU Brian, SD
Moerke, A
Bur, M
Bassett, C
Aderman, T
Traynor, D
Singleton, RD
Butchko, PH
Taylor, JD
AF Brian, S. Dorr
Moerke, Ashley
Bur, Michael
Bassett, Chuck
Aderman, Tony
Traynor, Dan
Singleton, Russell D.
Butchko, Peter H.
Taylor, Jimmy D., II
TI Evaluation of harassment of migrating double-crested cormorants to limit
depredation on selected sport fisheries in Michigan
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Cormorants; Control; Management; Migration; Predation; Fisheries
ID PERCH PERCA-FLAVESCENS; YELLOW PERCH; ONEIDA LAKE; NEW-YORK; WALLEYE;
POPULATION; PREDATION; EMPHASIS; DYNAMICS; HURON
AB Diverse management techniques have been used to mitigate conflicts between humans and double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) including harassment methods supplemented by lethal take. In this study we evaluated impacts of programs to harass spring migrating cormorants on the walleye (Sander vitreus) fishery in Brevoort Lake and the yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and walleye fisheries at Drummond Island. Cormorant foraging declined significantly (p<0.05) at both locations subsequent to initiation of harassment programs. Overall harassment deterred 90% of cormorant foraging attempts while taking less than 6% lethally on average at each site. Yellow perch were a predominate prey item in number and biomass at both locations. Walleye made up a small proportion of the diet at both locations. However, both walleye and yellow perch abundance increased significantly (p<0.05) at Drummond Island. Walleye abundance at age 3 increased to record levels in 2008 following 3 years of cormorant management at Brevoort Lake. The estimated cormorant consumption of age-1 walleye in the absence of management at Brevoort Lake during 2005 would account for 55% of the record 2006 age-1 walleye population. These results support the hypothesis that cormorant predation on spawning aggregations of sportfish was a significant mortality factor and cormorant management reduced sportfish mortality and increased abundance at both locations. Continuation of harassment programs and fishery assessments will determine whether improvement of targeted sport fisheries through control of spring migrating cormorants is sustainable. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Brian, S. Dorr; Singleton, Russell D.] US Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Moerke, Ashley; Traynor, Dan] Lake Super State Univ, Sault Ste Marie, MI 49783 USA.
[Bur, Michael] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Bassett, Chuck] US Forest Serv, Escanaba, MI 49829 USA.
[Aderman, Tony] US Wildlife Serv, Gaylord, MI 49735 USA.
[Butchko, Peter H.] US Wildlife Serv, Okemos, MI 48864 USA.
[Taylor, Jimmy D., II] US Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Olympia, WA 98512 USA.
RP Brian, SD (reprint author), US Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, POB 6099, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM brian.s.dorr@aphis.usda.gov
OI Dorr, Brian/0000-0001-6857-8560
NR 38
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U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 2
BP 215
EP 223
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.02.001
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 605ZR
UT WOS:000278389700002
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JH
Ross, RM
McCullough, RD
Mathers, A
AF Johnson, James H.
Ross, Robert M.
McCullough, Russell D.
Mathers, Alastair
TI Diet shift of double-crested cormorants in eastern Lake Ontario
associated with the expansion of the invasive round goby
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Double-crested cormorants; Diet shift; Round goby
ID PHALACROCORAX-AURITUS; YELLOW PERCH; NEOGOBIUS-MELANOSTOMUS; SMALLMOUTH
BASS; GREAT-LAKES; FOOD-HABITS; POPULATION; FISH; SIZE; ERIE
AB The proliferation of the invasive round goby (Apollonia melanostoma) in the Great Lakes has caused shifts in the trophic ecology in some areas. We examined the diet of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritas) prior to, and immediately after, round goby population expansion at two colonies, Pigeon and Snake Islands, in eastern Lake Ontario from 1999 to 2007. Cormorant diet was determined from the examination of 10,167 pellets collected over the nine-year period. By the second year round gobies were found in the diet (2002 at Snake Island and 2003 at Pigeon Island) they were the main species consumed by cormorants at each colony. The dominance of round goby in cormorant diets had a significant effect on both daily fish consumption and seasonal trends in fish consumption compared to the pre-goby years. Seasonal differences that were observed during the pre-goby years were lost once gobies became the main diet component of cormorants. The rapid switch to a benthic prey such as round goby, from a largely limnetic fish diet demonstrates the adaptive foraging ability of cormorants. Round goby may act as a buffer for yellow perch and smallmouth bass, two sport fish impacted by cormorant predation in eastern Lake Ontario. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Johnson, James H.] USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
[Ross, Robert M.] USGS, Leetown Sci Ctr, No Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
[McCullough, Russell D.] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Watertown, NY 13601 USA.
[Mathers, Alastair] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Glenora Fisheries Stn, Picton, ON K0K 2T0, Canada.
RP Johnson, JH (reprint author), USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
EM jhjohnson@usgs.gov; rmross@chilitech.net; rdmccull@gw.dec.state.ny.us;
alastair.mathers@mnr.gov.on.ca
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 2
BP 242
EP 247
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.02.013
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 605ZR
UT WOS:000278389700005
ER
PT J
AU Jacobs, GR
Madenjian, CP
Bunnell, DB
Holuszko, JD
AF Jacobs, Gregory R.
Madenjian, Charles P.
Bunnell, David B.
Holuszko, Jeffrey D.
TI Diet of lake trout and burbot in Northern Lake Michigan during spring:
Evidence of ecological interaction
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Predation; Competition; Rehabilitation; Bioenergetics; Schoener;
Recruitment
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; RELATIVE ABUNDANCE; SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH;
BIOENERGETICS MODEL; GREEN BAY; RESTORATION; MORTALITY; ALEWIVES;
SUPERIOR; ONTARIO
AB We used analyses of burbot (Low Iota) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) diets taken during spring gillnet surveys in northern Lake Michigan in 2006-2008 to investigate the potential for competition and predator-prey interactions between these two species. We also compared our results to historical data from 1932. During 2006-2008, lake trout diet consisted mainly of alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax), whereas burbot utilized a much wider prey base including round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), rainbow smelt, alewives, and sculpins. Using the Schoener's diet overlap index, we found a higher potential for interspecific competition in 1932 than in 2006-2008, though diet overlap was not significant in either time period. No evidence of cannibalism by lake trout or lake trout predation on burbot was found in either time period. In 2006-2008, however, lake trout composed 5.4% (by weight) of burbot diet. To determine whether this predation could be having an impact on lake trout rehabilitation efforts in northern Lake Michigan, we developed a bioenergetic-based consumption estimate for burbot on Boulder Reef (a representative reef within the Northern Refuge) and found that burbot alone can consume a considerable proportion of the yearling lake trout stocked annually, depending on burbot density. Overall, we conclude that predation, rather than competition, is the more important ecological interaction between burbot and lake trout, and burbot predation may be contributing to the failed lake trout rehabilitation efforts in Lake Michigan. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jacobs, Gregory R.; Madenjian, Charles P.; Bunnell, David B.; Holuszko, Jeffrey D.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Jacobs, Gregory R.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Jacobs, GR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM grjacobs@umich.edu
OI Bunnell, David/0000-0003-3521-7747
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 2
BP 312
EP 317
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.02.007
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 605ZR
UT WOS:000278389700012
ER
PT J
AU French, JRP
Stickel, RG
Stockdale, BA
Black, MG
AF French, John R. P., III
Stickel, Richard G.
Stockdale, Beth A.
Black, M. Glen
TI A short-term look at potential changes in Lake Michigan slimy sculpin
diets
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Slimy sculpin; Diet; Lake Michigan; Diporeia; Mysis; Dreissenids
ID AMPHIPOD DIPOREIA SPP.; MYSIS-RELICTA; POPULATION-DYNAMICS;
COTTUS-COGNATUS; MOTTLED SCULPIN; ONTARIO; DREISSENA; BIOMASS; FOOD;
LIMITATION
AB Diporeia hoyi and Mysis relicta are the most important prey items of slimy sculpins (Cottus cognatus) in the Great Lakes. Slimy sculpins were collected from dreissenid-infested bottoms off seven Lake Michigan ports at depths of 27-73 m in fall 2003 to study their lake-wide diets. Relatively large dreissenid biomass occurred at depths of 37- and 46-m. Quagga mussels (Dreissena bugnesis) composed at least 50% of dreissenid biomass at Manistique, Saugatuck, and Sturgeon Bay. Mysis accounted for 82% of the sculpin diet by dry weight at eastern Lake Michigan while Diporeia composed 54-69% of the diet at western Lake Michigan and dominated the diets of slimy sculpins at all sites deeper than 46 m. In northern Lake Michigan, this diet study in new sites showed that slimy sculpin consumed more prey with low energy contents, especially chironomids, than Mysis and Diporeia in shallow sites (depth <55 m). We recommend diet studies on sedentary benthic fishes to be conducted along perimeters of the Great Lakes to observe changes in their diets that may be impacted by changing benthic macroinvertebrate communities. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [French, John R. P., III; Stickel, Richard G.; Stockdale, Beth A.; Black, M. Glen] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP French, JRP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM frenchjrp@usgs.gov; rstickel@usgs.gov; bstockdale@usgs.gov;
gblack@usgs.gov
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 2
BP 376
EP 379
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.01.007
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 605ZR
UT WOS:000278389700020
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JH
Nack, CC
McKenna, JE
AF Johnson, James H.
Nack, Christopher C.
McKenna, James E., Jr.
TI Migratory salmonid redd habitat characteristics in the Salmon River, New
York
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Migratory salmonid; Redd; Habitat; Regulated river
ID CHINOOK SALMON; BROWN TROUT; ATLANTIC SALMON; SITE SELECTION;
ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; SPAWNING HABITAT; PACIFIC SALMON;
LAKE-ONTARIO; COHO SALMON; STEELHEAD
AB Non-native migratory salmonids ascend tributaries to spawn in all the Great Lakes. In Lake Ontario, these species include Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (O. kisutch), steelhead (O. mykiss), and brown trout (Salmo trutta). Although successful natural reproduction has been documented for many of these species, little research has been conducted on their spawning habitat. We examined the spawning habitat of these four species in the Salmon River, New York. Differences in fish size among the species were significantly correlated with spawning site selection. In the Salmon River, the larger species spawned in deeper areas with larger size substrate and made the largest redds. Discriminant function analysis correctly classified redds by species 64-100% of the time. The size of substrate materials below Lighthouse Hill Dam is within the preferred ranges for spawning for these four species indicating that river armoring has not negatively impacted salmonid production. Intra-specific and inter-specific competition for spawning sites may influence redd site selection for smaller salmonids and could be an impediment for Atlantic salmon (S. salon) restoration. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Johnson, James H.; Nack, Christopher C.; McKenna, James E., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
RP Johnson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
EM jhjohnson@usgs.gov; cnack@usgs.gov; jemckenna@usgs.gov
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 2
BP 387
EP 392
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.02.012
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 605ZR
UT WOS:000278389700022
ER
PT J
AU Hossack, BR
Adams, MJ
Grant, EHC
Pearl, CA
Bettaso, JB
Barichivich, WJ
Lowe, WH
True, K
Ware, JL
Corn, PS
AF Hossack, Blake R.
Adams, Michael J.
Grant, Evan H. Campbell
Pearl, Christopher A.
Bettaso, James B.
Barichivich, William J.
Lowe, Winsor H.
True, Kimberly
Ware, Joy L.
Corn, Paul Stephen
TI Low Prevalence of Chytrid Fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in
Amphibians of US Headwater Streams
SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FROG RANA-MUSCOSA; POPULATION DECLINES; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; PATHOGEN;
CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; WIDESPREAD; TRANSMISSION; MOUNTAINS; AUSTRALIA;
MORTALITY
AB Many declines of amphibian populations have been associated with chytridiomycosis, a disease caused by the aquatic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Despite the relatively high prevalence of chytridiomycosis in stream amphibians globally, most surveys in North America have focused primarily on wetland-associated species, which are frequently infected. To better understand the distribution and prevalence of Bd in headwater amphibian communities, we sampled 452 tailed frogs (Ascaphus truei and Ascaphus montanus) and 304 stream salamanders (seven species in the Dicamptodontidae and Plethodontidae) for Bd in 38, first- to third-order streams in five montane areas across the United States. We tested for presence of Bd by using PCR on skin swabs from salamanders and metamorphosed tailed frogs or the oral disc of frog larvae. We detected Bd on only seven individuals (0.93%) in four streams. Based on our study and results from five other studies that have sampled headwater- or seep-associated amphibians in the United States, Bd has been detected on only 3% of 1,322 individuals from 21 species. These results differ strongly from surveys in Central America and Australia, where Bd is more prevalent on stream-breeding species, as well as results from wetland-associated anurans in the same regions of the United States that we sampled. Differences in the prevalence of Bd between stream- and wetland-associated amphibians in the United States may be related to species-specific variation in susceptibility to chytridiomycosis or habitat differences.
C1 [Hossack, Blake R.; Corn, Paul Stephen] US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Hossack, Blake R.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Adams, Michael J.; Pearl, Christopher A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Grant, Evan H. Campbell] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Bettaso, James B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arcata Fish & Wildlife Off, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Barichivich, William J.] US Geol Survey, Florida Integrated Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Lowe, Winsor H.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[True, Kimberly] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Calif Nevada Fish Hlth Ctr, Anderson, CA 96007 USA.
[Ware, Joy L.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Pathol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA.
RP Hossack, BR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, 790 E Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
EM blake_hossack@usgs.gov
RI Grant, Evan/N-5160-2014
OI Grant, Evan/0000-0003-4401-6496
FU USGS
FX This research was supported by the USGS Amphibian Research and
Monitoring Initiative. We thank Green Diamond Resource Company for
access to streams in California, S. Galvan for making Figure 1, and
several volunteers and field technicians who helped collect samples.
Comments by J. Bosch, M. Mazerolle, B. Rothermel, K. Smith, and an
anonymous reviewer improved the manuscript. Use of trade names does not
imply endorsement or approval by the U.S. government.
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PI ST LOUIS
PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST
LOUIS, MO 63103 USA
SN 0022-1511
J9 J HERPETOL
JI J. Herpetol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 2
BP 253
EP 260
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 604SB
UT WOS:000278297700009
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, RL
Mordecai, JS
Rosenbaum, JG
Ketterer, ME
Walsh, MK
Moser, KA
AF Reynolds, Richard L.
Mordecai, Jessica S.
Rosenbaum, Joseph G.
Ketterer, Michael E.
Walsh, Megan K.
Moser, Katrina A.
TI Compositional changes in sediments of subalpine lakes, Uinta Mountains
(Utah): evidence for the effects of human activity on atmospheric dust
inputs
SO JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lake sediments; Mineral dust; Metals; Phosphorus; Magnetic properties;
Uinta Mountains
ID NUTRIENT INPUTS; MOJAVE DESERT; AEOLIAN DUST; SOILS; POLLUTION;
GEOCHEMISTRY; INDICATORS; DEPOSITION; CALIFORNIA; CATCHMENT
AB Sediments in Marshall and Hidden Lakes in the Uinta Mountains of northeastern Utah contain records of atmospheric mineral-dust deposition as revealed by differences in mineralogy and geochemistry of lake sediments relative to Precambrian clastic rocks in the watersheds. In cores spanning more than a thousand years, the largest changes in composition occurred within the past approximately 140 years. Many elements associated with ore deposits (Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Cu, In, Mo, Pb, S, Sb, Sn, and Te) increase in the lake sediments above depths that correspond to about AD 1870. Sources of these metals from mining districts to the west of the Uinta Mountains are suggested by (1) the absence of mining and smelting of these metals in the Uinta Mountains, and (2) lower concentrations of most of these elements in post-settlement sediments of Hidden Lake than in those of Marshall Lake, which is closer to areas of mining and the densely urbanized part of north-central Utah that is termed the Wasatch Front, and (3) correspondence of Pb isotopic compositions in the sediments with isotopic composition of ores likely to have been smelted in the Wasatch Front. A major source of Cu in lake sediments may have been the Bingham Canyon open-pit mine 110 km west of Marshall Lake. Numerous other sources of metals beyond the Wasatch Front are likely, on the basis of the widespread increases of industrial activities in western United States since about AD 1900. In sediment deposited since ca. AD 1945, as estimated using (239+240)Pu activities, increases in concentrations of Mn, Fe, S, and some other redox-sensitive metals may result partly from diagenesis related to changes in redox. However, our results indicate that these elemental increases are also related to atmospheric inputs on the basis of their large increases that are nearly coincident with abrupt increases in silt-sized, titanium-bearing detrital magnetite. Such magnetite is interpreted as a component of atmospheric dust, because it is absent in catchment bedrock. Enrichment of P in sediments deposited after ca. AD 1950 appears to be caused largely by atmospheric inputs, perhaps from agricultural fertilizer along with magnetite-bearing soil.
C1 [Reynolds, Richard L.; Rosenbaum, Joseph G.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Mordecai, Jessica S.] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Ketterer, Michael E.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Walsh, Megan K.] Univ Oregon, Dept Geog, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Moser, Katrina A.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Geog, London, ON N6A 5C2, Canada.
RP Reynolds, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046 Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM rreynolds@usgs.gov; jessmordecai@gmail.com; jrosenbaum@usgs.gov;
michael.ketterer@nau.edu; mwalsh2@uoregon.edu; kmoser@uwo.ca
FU University of Utah; NSF-ESH [0402209]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank Janice Brahney, Lesleigh Anderson, Philip Verplanck, and two
anonymous reviewers for comments that greatly improved the manuscript.
We gratefully acknowledge Harland Goldstein, Jiang Xiao, and Eric Fisher
for assistance in the laboratory; Jason Neff, George Breit, and Richard
Grauch for helpful discussions; and Jack McGeehin for C-14 dating. We
further express appreciation to Marith Reheis, Jim Budahn, and Dan Muhs
for sharing and discussing chemical data on other dust samples. Main
funding support was from the University of Utah and NSF-ESH Project #
0402209 (to Katrina Moser) and from the Global Change Program of the
U.S. Geological Survey.
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PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2728
J9 J PALEOLIMNOL
JI J. Paleolimn.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 1
BP 161
EP 175
DI 10.1007/s10933-009-9394-8
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 599UM
UT WOS:000277939200012
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, TA
Amirbahman, A
Norton, SA
Voytek, MA
AF Wilson, Tiffany A.
Amirbahman, Aria
Norton, Stephen A.
Voytek, Mary A.
TI A record of phosphorus dynamics in oligotrophic lake sediment
SO JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lake sediment; Mineralization; Oligotrophic lake; Phosphorus; Sediment
microbes; Sequential extraction
ID P-31 NMR; DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; ALUMINUM-HYDROXIDE;
REDUCING BACTERIA; WATER COLUMN; RELEASE; SULFATE; PHOSPHATE; DIAGENESIS
AB Historical phosphorus (P) dynamics were studied using sediment cores from three oligotrophic, acidic lakes in Maine, USA. Long-term oligotrophy of these lakes is consistent with high sediment aluminum (as Al(OH)(3)) concentrations, as Al inhibits internal P loading, even under reducing conditions. The role of microbially-mediated reactions in controlling redox conditions was evaluated by estimating microbial biomass and relative abundance of specific functional groups. Sediments were fractionated using a sequential chemical extraction technique and all lakes met criteria for P retention based on threshold sediment concentrations of Al, Fe, and P fractions as determined by (Kopaek et al. (2005) Limnol Oceanogr 52: 1147-1155). Sediment NaOH-extractable molybdate-reactive P (rP) and non-reactive P (nrP) represent P associated with non-reducible phases, and organic matter-related P, respectively. Total P (TP) does not decrease with sediment depth, as is typical of eutrophic lake sediments; however, nrP/TP decreases and rP/TP increases for all three lakes, indicating nrP mineralization without any significant upward diffusion and release into the hypolimnion; i.e. diagenesis of P is conservative within the sediment. Two diagenetic models were developed based on nrP and rP concentrations as a function of sediment age. The first model assumes a first-order decay of nrP, the rate coefficient being a function of time, and represents irreversible nrP mineralization, where the produced PO(4) is permanently sequestered by the sediment. The second model assumes a first-order reversible transformation between nrP and rP, representing biotic mineralization of organic P followed by incorporation of inorganic P into microbial biomass. Both models reflect preservation of TP with no loss to overlying water. The rate coefficients give us insight into qualities of the sediment that have affected mineralization and sequestration of phosphorus throughout the (210)Pb-dateable history of each lake. Similar models could be constructed for other lakes to help reconstruct their trophic histories. Paleolimnological reconstruction of the sediment P record in oligotrophic lakes shows mineralization of nrP to rP, but unlike the case in eutrophic lake sediments, sediment TP is preserved in these sediments.
C1 [Wilson, Tiffany A.; Amirbahman, Aria] Univ Maine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Norton, Stephen A.] Univ Maine, Dept Earth Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Voytek, Mary A.] US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Wilson, TA (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 5711 Boardman Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM Tiffany.Wilson@umit.maine.edu; aria@umit.maine.edu; norton@maine.edu;
mavoytek@usgs.gov
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-0415348]
FX We thank the Sawyer Environmental Chemistry Research Laboratory at the
University of Maine for use of facilities, Bruce Hoskins (Department of
Plant, Soils, and Environmental Sciences) for analytical work, and Julie
Kirshtein (United States Geological Survey) for microbial DNA analyses.
Dr. C. T. Hess and V. Guisseppe (Department of Physics and Astronomy,
University of Maine) supplied the 210Pb data for sediment
chronology. We appreciate the support of the Acadia National Park staff,
especially David Manski, for their logistical support. The U.S. National
Science Foundation (DEB-0415348) provided financial support for this
study.
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2728
J9 J PALEOLIMNOL
JI J. Paleolimn.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 1
BP 279
EP 294
DI 10.1007/s10933-009-9403-y
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 599UM
UT WOS:000277939200021
ER
PT J
AU Schultz, RA
Hauber, E
Kattenhorn, SA
Okubo, CH
Watters, TR
AF Schultz, Richard A.
Hauber, Ernst
Kattenhorn, Simon A.
Okubo, Chris H.
Watters, Thomas R.
TI Interpretation and analysis of planetary structures
SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Planetary structural geology; Faulting; Folding; Deformation bands;
Joints; Fracture mechanics
ID ORBITER LASER ALTIMETER; CANYONLANDS NATIONAL-PARK; LENGTH SCALING
RELATIONS; NORMAL-FAULT SYSTEMS; BLIND THRUST FAULTS; ICE SHELL
THICKNESS; EXPRESS HRSC DATA; VALLES-MARINERIS; NONSYNCHRONOUS ROTATION;
DEFORMATION BANDS
AB Structural geology is an integral part of planetary science. Planetary structures provide the framework for determining the character and sequence of crustal deformation while simultaneously establishing the observational basis required to test geodynamic hypotheses for the deformation of planetary and satellite lithospheres. The availability of datasets that record spatial and topographic information with a resolution that matches or, in many cases, exceeds, what is available for Earth-based studies permits the deformation of several planets and satellites to be investigated down to the local or outcrop scales. The geometry and kinematics of common planetary structures such as joints, igneous dikes, deformation bands, faults, and folds can be determined with confidence from their distinctive morphologic and topographic signatures, enabling the structural histories and deformation magnitudes to be determined. Segmentation, displacement profiles, relay ramps, footwall anticlines, displacement-controlled depocenters, and other well-known characteristics of terrestrial normal fault and graben systems reveal the sequence and processes of fault growth in numerous planetary examples. Systems of thrust faults having both blind and surface-breaking components are important elements on several bodies including Mercury, the Moon, and Mars. Strike-slip faults have been identified on bodies including Mars and Europa with oblique extension found on Ganymede. Using field-based studies of Earth-based structures as a guide, planetary structures provide a means to explore and evaluate the causative stresses. Despite the wide range in structural styles across the solar system, plate tectonics is recognized only on the Earth, with the other planets and satellites deforming in the absence of large-scale horizontal motions and attendant plate recycling. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Schultz, Richard A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Geol Sci & Engn 172, Geomech Rock Fracture Grp, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Hauber, Ernst] DLR Inst Planetenforsch, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Kattenhorn, Simon A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Okubo, Chris H.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Watters, Thomas R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Schultz, RA (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Geol Sci & Engn 172, Geomech Rock Fracture Grp, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM schultz@mines.unr.edu
RI Schultz, Richard/J-4015-2015
OI Schultz, Richard/0000-0003-3198-5263
FU NASA's Planetary Geology and Geophysics [NNX06AC12G, NNX08AK71G,
NNX08AQ94G, NNX08AM19G]; Mars Data Analysis Program [NNX06AE01G]; NASA
[NNX07AR60G]; Helmoltz Association
FX Thorough and helpful reviews by David Peacock and Robert Pappalardo
helped streamline and sharpen the final paper. This work was supported
by grants from NASA's Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program and the
Mars Data Analysis Program to RAS. SAK acknowledges grants from NASA's
Planetary Geology and Geophysics (NNX06AC12G and NNX08AK71G) and Outer
Planets Research (NNX08AQ94G) Programs. CHO acknowledges support through
Mars Data Analysis Program grant NNX06AE01G. TRW acknowledges support
from NASA's Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program grant NNX08AM19G
and from NASA grant NNX07AR60G. EH was partly supported by the Helmoltz
Association through the research alliance "Planetary Evolution and
Life". Thanks to Jason Barnes, Terry Hurford, Christina Coulter, Paul
Schenk, and Christian Klimczak for providing their expertise on various
facets of this work. We thank Marie Dowling of the National Space
Science Data Center for providing the Apollo 10 image of Rima Ariadaeus.
NR 209
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 28
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0191-8141
J9 J STRUCT GEOL
JI J. Struct. Geol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 6
BP 855
EP 875
DI 10.1016/j.jsg.2009.09.005
PG 21
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 663DG
UT WOS:000282862600013
ER
PT J
AU Clark, GM
AF Clark, Gregory M.
TI Changes in Patterns of Streamflow From Unregulated Watersheds in Idaho,
Western Wyoming, and Northern Nevada1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE runoff; surface-water hydrology; water supply; sustainability; climate
change
ID UNITED-STATES; SNOWMELT RUNOFF; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HABITAT; TRENDS
AB Recent studies have identified a pattern of earlier spring runoff across much of North America. Earlier spring runoff potentially poses numerous problems, including increased risk of flooding and reduced summer water supply for irrigation, power generation, and migratory fish passage. To identify changing runoff patterns in Idaho streams, streamflow records were analyzed for 26 U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations in Idaho, western Wyoming, and northern Nevada, each with a minimum of 41 years of record. The 26 stations are located on 23 unregulated and relatively pristine streams that drain areas ranging from 28 to > 35,000 km2. Four runoff parameters were trend tested at each station for both the period of historical record and from 1967 through 2007. Parameters tested were annual mean streamflow, annual minimum daily streamflow, and the dates of the 25th and 50th percentiles of the annual total streamflow. Results of a nonparametric Mann-Kendall trend test revealed a trend toward lower annual mean and annual minimum streamflows at a majority of the stations, as well as a trend toward earlier snowmelt runoff. Significant downward trends over the period of historical record were most prevalent for the annual minimum streamflow (12 stations) and the 50th percentile of streamflow (11 stations). At most stations, trends were more pronounced during the period from 1967 through 2007. A regional Kendall test for water years 1967 through 2007 revealed significant regional trends in the percent change in the annual mean and annual minimum streamflows (0.67% less per year and 0.62% less per year, respectively), the 25th percentile of streamflow (12.3 days earlier), and the 50th percentile of streamflow (11.5 days earlier).
C1 US Geol Survey, Idaho Water Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
RP Clark, GM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Idaho Water Sci Ctr, 230 Collins Rd, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
EM gmclark@usgs.gov
NR 18
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 3
BP 486
EP 497
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00416.x
PG 12
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 607QZ
UT WOS:000278522700004
ER
PT J
AU Maret, TR
Konrad, CP
Tranmer, AW
AF Maret, Terry R.
Konrad, Christopher P.
Tranmer, Andrew W.
TI Influence of Environmental Factors on Biotic Responses to Nutrient
Enrichment in Agricultural Streams1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE nutrients; agriculture; algae; macrophytes; eutrophication; monitoring
ID ALGAL BIOMASS; PERIPHYTON BIOMASS; TEMPERATE STREAMS; CURRENT VELOCITY;
BENTHIC ALGAE; UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE; PHOSPHORUS; HABITAT; CHLOROPHYLL
AB The influence of environmental factors on biotic responses to nutrients was examined in three diverse agricultural regions of the United States. Seventy wadeable sites were selected along an agricultural land use gradient while minimizing natural variation within each region. Nutrients, habitat, algae, macroinvertebrates, and macrophyte cover were sampled during a single summer low-flow period in 2006 or 2007. Continuous stream stage and water temperature were collected at each site for 30 days prior to sampling. Wide ranges of concentrations were found for total nitrogen (TN) (0.07-9.61 mg/l) and total phosphorus (TP) (< 0.004-0.361 mg/l), but biotic responses including periphytic and sestonic chlorophyll a (RCHL and SCHL, respectively), and percent of stream bed with aquatic macrophyte (AQM) growth were not strongly related to concentrations of TN or TP. Pearson's coefficient of determination (R2) for nutrients and biotic measures across all sites ranged from 0.08 to 0.32 and generally were not higher within each region. The biotic measures (RCHL, SCHL, and AQM) were combined in an index to evaluate eutrophic status across sites that could have different biotic responses to nutrient enrichment. Stepwise multiple regression identified TN, percent canopy, median riffle depth, and daily percent change in stage as significant factors for the eutrophic index (R2 = 0.50, p < 0.001). A TN threshold of 0.48 mg/l was identified where eutrophic index scores became less responsive to increasing TN concentrations, for all sites. Multiple plant growth indicators should be used when evaluating eutrophication, especially when streams contain an abundance of macrophytes.
C1 [Maret, Terry R.] US Geol Survey, Idaho Water Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Konrad, Christopher P.; Tranmer, Andrew W.] US Geol Survey & Nat Conservancy, Global Freshwater Team, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
RP Maret, TR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Idaho Water Sci Ctr, 230 Collins Rd, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
EM trmaret@usgs.gov
OI Konrad, Christopher/0000-0002-7354-547X
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank the many hydrologists and biologists with the NAWQA Program who
collected data used in this report. Mark Munn and Terry Short provided
guidance in site selection and data interpretation. Christopher Mebane,
Ross Dickinson, and Dorene MacCoy assisted with data collection,
compilation, and graphics. Kathy Lee, Billy Justus, Jim Petersen, and
Suzanne Femmer were instrumental in collecting data and provided
valuable information about their respective study areas. Jill
Frankforter provided valuable data checking and summaries. Bob Black
assisted with piecewise regression analysis. Colleague reviews by Billy
Justus, Christopher Mebane, and Mark Munn improved the quality of the
report. Three anonymous reviewers and the associate editor are
gratefully acknowledged for their suggested improvements to the
manuscript. Funding was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, National
Water Quality Assessment Program. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 70
TC 9
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 3
BP 498
EP 513
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00430.x
PG 16
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 607QZ
UT WOS:000278522700005
PM 22457568
ER
PT J
AU Ginsberg, HS
Rochlin, I
Campbell, SR
AF Ginsberg, Howard S.
Rochlin, Ilia
Campbell, Scott R.
TI The use of early summer mosquito surveillance to predict late summer
West Nile virus activity
SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aedes; Culex; surveillance; West Nile virus
ID NEW-YORK; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE RISK; ARBOVIRAL TRANSMISSION;
INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; AVIAN DIVERSITY; VECTORS; AMPLIFICATION;
ASSOCIATIONS; CULICIDAE
AB Utility of early-season mosquito surveillance to predict West Nile virus activity in late summer was assessed in Suffolk County, NY. Dry ice-baited CDC miniature light traps paired with gravid traps were set weekly. Maximum-likelihood estimates of WNV positivity, minimum infection rates, and % positive pools were generally well correlated. However, positivity in gravid traps was not correlated with positivity in CDC light traps. The best early-season predictors of WNV activity in late summer (estimated using maximum-likelihood estimates of Culex positivity in August and September) were early date of first positive pool, low numbers of mosquitoes in July, and low numbers of mosquito species in July. These results suggest that early-season entomological samples can be used to predict WNV activity later in the summer, when most human cases are acquired. Additional research is needed to establish which surveillance variables are most predictive and to characterize the reliability of the predictions. Journal of Vector Ecology 35 (1): 35-42. 2010.
C1 [Ginsberg, Howard S.] Univ Rhode Isl, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Coastal Field Stn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Rochlin, Ilia] Suffolk Cty Dept Publ Works, Div Vector Control, Yaphank, NY 11980 USA.
[Campbell, Scott R.] Suffolk Cty Dept Publ Works, Arthropod Borne Dis Lab, Yaphank, NY 11980 USA.
RP Ginsberg, HS (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Coastal Field Stn, Woodward Hall PLS, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
FU United States Department of Agriculture [58-5410-4-338]; U.S. Geological
Survey
FX The authors thank Melissa Zanini, Kerri Harding, and Ralph Narain for
assistance with technical aspects of the project, including field and
lab work, and data management. We thank N. Petti, R. Chayes, C.
Provenzano, and A. Culkin for help processing mosquito specimens. We
appreciate arboviral analysis of mosquito pools by Laura Kramer and
staff at the NY State Department of Health Arboviruses Laboratories. C.
Barry Knisley and Michael Higgins kindly provided comments on early
drafts of the manuscript. The research was partially funded by Specific
Cooperative Agreement # 58-5410-4-338 from the United States Department
of Agriculture, and by the U.S. Geological Survey.
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY
PI CORONA
PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA
SN 1081-1710
J9 J VECTOR ECOL
JI J. Vector Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 1
BP 35
EP 42
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 608HR
UT WOS:000278574900005
PM 20618645
ER
PT J
AU Suom, C
Ginsberg, HS
Bernick, A
Klein, C
Buckley, PA
Salvatore, C
LeBrun, RA
AF Suom, Channsotha
Ginsberg, Howard S.
Bernick, Andrew
Klein, Coby
Buckley, P. A.
Salvatore, Christa
LeBrun, Roger A.
TI Host-seeking activity and avian host preferences of mosquitoes
associated with West Nile virus transmission in the northeastern USA
SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mosquites; surveillance; blood meal; Culex; arbovirus; control
ID AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; FEEDING PATTERNS; CULEX MOSQUITOS; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA;
IDENTIFICATION; VECTORS; CONNECTICUT; BEHAVIOR; FOCUS
AB Mosquito host-seeking activity was studied using a custom-designed trap to explore: (1) at which time interval of the night adult mosquito abatement would be most effective, and (2) if there exists an avian-specific host-seeking preference. Overnight trials using traps baited with dry ice showed that Aedes taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann) was most active at dusk and was then captured throughout the night. In contrast, Culex spp. (Cx. pipiens (Linnaeus) and Cx. restuans (Theobald) delayed most activity until about two h after dusk and were then captured through the night. This pattern suggests that management activities directed at adult Culex spp. would be most effective if initiated well after sunset. Mosquito capture rates in traps baited with birds in net bags were significantly greater than those with empty net bags, indicating that mosquitoes were attracted to the birds and not incidentally being sucked in by the custom trap's strong fan motor (Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test, n = 24, t = 30, p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that bird weight influenced mosquito attraction (r(2) = 0.21, p = 0.02). Trials with paired traps that contained different native bird species showed that Gray Catbirds, Dumatella carolinensis, attracted more mosquitoes than the heavier Northern Cardinals, Cardinalis cardinalis (paired samples t-test, t = 2.58, df = 7, p = 0.04). However, attractiveness did not differ substantially among bird species, and Gray Catbirds did not attract more mosquitoes than all other birds combined as a group. American Robins, Turdus migratorius (n = 4) were comparable in attractiveness to other bird species, but not enough American Robins were captured for a comprehensive study of mosquito avian preference. Journal of Vector Ecology 35 (1): 69-74. 2010.
C1 [Suom, Channsotha; Ginsberg, Howard S.; Bernick, Andrew; Klein, Coby; Salvatore, Christa; LeBrun, Roger A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Plant Sci & Entomol, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Ginsberg, Howard S.; Buckley, P. A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Woodward PLS, Coastal Field Stn, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Bernick, Andrew] AKRF Inc, Hanover, MD 21076 USA.
RP Suom, C (reprint author), Norfolk Cty Mosquito Control Project, 61 Endicott St, Norwood, MA 02062 USA.
FU U.S. National Park Service
FX We thank the staff at Gateway National Recreation Area, notably K. Tripp
and J. Zuzworski, for logistical support. C. Hahn and J. Day provided
constructive comments on early drafts of the manuscript. Use of trade or
product names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This
work was funded by the Natural Resource Preservation and Protection
(NRPP) program, U.S. National Park Service.
NR 24
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U1 6
U2 29
PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY
PI CORONA
PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA
SN 1081-1710
J9 J VECTOR ECOL
JI J. Vector Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 1
BP 69
EP 74
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 608HR
UT WOS:000278574900010
PM 20618650
ER
PT J
AU Takekawa, JY
Iverson, SA
Schultz, AK
Hill, NJ
Cardona, CJ
Boyce, WM
Dudley, JP
AF Takekawa, John Y.
Iverson, Samuel A.
Schultz, Annie K.
Hill, Nichola J.
Cardona, Carol J.
Boyce, Walter M.
Dudley, Joseph P.
TI Field detection of avian influenza virus in wild birds: Evaluation of a
portable rRT-PCR system and freeze-dried reagents
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Avian influenza; Rapid diagnosis; Migratory birds; Active surveillance;
HPAI H5N1
ID TIME RT-PCR; NORTH-AMERICA; A VIRUSES; WATERFOWL; DUCKS; H5N1;
CALIFORNIA; ECOLOGY; PARAMYXOVIRUSES; PATHOGENICITY
AB Wild birds have been implicated in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAIV) of the H5N1 subtype, prompting surveillance along migratory flyways. Sampling of wild birds is often conducted in remote regions, but results are often delayed because of limited local analytical capabilities, difficulties with sample transportation and permitting, or problems keeping samples cold in the field. In response to these challenges, the performance of a portable real-time, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) unit (RAPID, Idaho Technologies, Salt Lake City, UT) that employed lyophilized reagents (Influenza A Target 1 Taqman; ASAY-ASY-0109, Idaho Technologies) was compared to virus isolation combined with real-time RT-PCR conducted in a laboratory. This study included both field-and experimental-based sampling. Field samples were collected from migratory shorebirds captured in northern California, while experimental samples were prepared by spiking fecal material with an H6N2 AIV isolate. Results indicated that the portable rRT-PCR unit had equivalent specificity to virus isolation with no false positives, but sensitivity was compromised at low viral titers. Use of portable rRT-PCR with lyophilized reagents may expedite surveillance results, paving the way to a better understanding of wild bird involvement in HPAIV H5N1 transmission. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Takekawa, John Y.; Iverson, Samuel A.; Schultz, Annie K.; Hill, Nichola J.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Cardona, Carol J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Boyce, Walter M.] Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Dudley, Joseph P.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
RP Takekawa, JY (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, 505 Azuar Dr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
EM john_takekawa@usgs.gov
RI Hill, Nichola/G-4003-2011
FU Center for Innovative Technology - Institute for Defense and Homeland
Security
FX We appreciate the help and co-operation of San Pablo Bay National
Wildlife Refuge and California Department of Fish and Game for use of
habitat for shorebird capture. Thanks to those who provided invaluable
assistance with capture including L Lieu, K. Henderson, S. Moskal, B.
Hattenbach, E. Palm, B. Stieg, N. Warnock, B. Hill and L. Dembosz. We
are grateful to UCD staff including G. Lee for co-ordinating sample
media and supplies and N. Anchell, N. Dao and J. Anunciacion for their
expert technical assistance in conducting confirmation lab testing. We
are grateful to.J. Yee of the U.S. Geological Survey for statistical
advice. Finally we wish to thank M. Scullion and R. Crisp of Idaho
Technologies for technical support. This research was performed under
the auspices of the Center for Innovative Technology - Institute for
Defense and Homeland Security (www.idhs.org), in support of the
Department of Defense and Air Force Research Laboratory. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 32
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-0934
J9 J VIROL METHODS
JI J. Virol. Methods
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 166
IS 1-2
BP 92
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.02.029
PG 6
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Virology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Virology
GA 601AF
UT WOS:000278029600014
PM 20206650
ER
PT J
AU Cyr, AJ
Granger, DE
Olivetti, V
Molin, P
AF Cyr, Andrew J.
Granger, Darryl E.
Olivetti, Valerio
Molin, Paola
TI Quantifying rock uplift rates using channel steepness and cosmogenic
nuclide-determined erosion rates: Examples from northern and southern
Italy
SO LITHOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID MENDOCINO TRIPLE JUNCTION; RIVER INCISION; FLUVIAL TERRACES;
MOUNTAIN-RANGES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LANDSCAPE RESPONSE; QUATERNARY UPLIFT;
DENUDATION RATES; CALABRIAN ARC; APENNINES
AB Rock uplift rates can be difficult to measure over 10(3)-10(5) yr time scales. If, however, a landscape approaches steady state, where hillslope erosion and rock uplift rates are steady and locally similar, then it should be possible to quantify rock uplift rates from hillslope erosion rates. Here, we test this prediction by comparing channel steepness index values and (10)Be catchment-averaged erosion rates to well-constrained rock uplift rates in two landscapes in Italy. The first field area is the Romagna Apennines, northern Italy, where rock uplift rates are relatively uniform, between 0.2 and 0.5 mm/yr ( regional mean 0.40 +/- 0.15 [SE] mm/yr), and have been steady since 0.9 Ma. The second area is the region around northeastern Sicily and the southernmost Italian peninsula, where rock uplift rates are higher and exhibit a strong spatial gradient, from similar to 0.7 to similar to 1.6 mm/yr (regional mean 1.09 +/- 0.13 [SE] mm/yr). In both regions, channel steepness indices and (10)Be erosion rates vary directly with rock uplift rates. Although there is considerable variability in erosion rates, regionally averaged rates in both the northern (0.46 +/- 0.04 [SE] mm/yr) and southern (1.21 +/- 0.24 [SE] mm/yr) areas accurately measure rock uplift rates. Although channel steepness indices do not quantify rock uplift rates, they are useful for (1) identifying regional patterns of rock uplift, (2) identifying areas where uplift rates might be expected to be uniform, and (3) informing (10)Be sampling strategies. This study demonstrates that, together, channel steepness and hillslope erosion rates can provide a powerful tool for determining rock uplift rates.
C1 [Cyr, Andrew J.; Granger, Darryl E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Olivetti, Valerio; Molin, Paola] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Sci Geol, I-00146 Rome, Italy.
RP Cyr, AJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM acyr@usgs.gov
OI Cyr, Andrew/0000-0003-2293-5395; MOLIN, Paola/0000-0002-0302-9285
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0208169]; U.S. Geological Survey; PRIME
Laboratory at Purdue University
FX This project was supported by National Science Foundation Continental
Dynamics Program grant EAR-0208169 (RETREAT), PRIME Laboratory at Purdue
University, and the U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Postdoctoral
Fellowship program. This manuscript benefited from comments by Thomas
Hanks, Stephen DeLong, reviews by Brian Yanites and an anonymous
reviewer, and editorial guidance from Jon Pelletier.
NR 101
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Z9 65
U1 0
U2 23
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1941-8264
J9 LITHOSPHERE-US
JI Lithosphere
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 2
IS 3
BP 188
EP 198
DI 10.1130/L96.1
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
GA 631QE
UT WOS:000280361900004
ER
PT J
AU Ricca, MA
Miles, AK
Ballachey, BE
Bodkin, JL
Esler, D
Trust, KA
AF Ricca, Mark A.
Miles, A. Keith
Ballachey, Brenda E.
Bodkin, James L.
Esler, Daniel
Trust, Kimberly A.
TI PCB exposure in sea otters and harlequin ducks in relation to history of
contamination by the Exxon Valdez oil spill
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Congeners; CYP; Enhydra lutris; Histrionicus histrionicus; Hydrocarbons
ID PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; MINK MUSTELA-VISON; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS;
ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; ORGANOCHLORINE CONTAMINANTS; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS;
ALEUTIAN ARCHIPELAGO; PATHOGEN EXPOSURE; TOXIC EQUIVALENCY; FOOD
LIMITATION
AB Exposure to contaminants other than petroleum hydrocarbons could confound interpretation of Exxon Valdez oil spill effects on biota at Prince William Sound, Alaska. Hence, we investigated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in blood of sea otters and harlequin ducks sampled during 1998. PCB concentrations characterized by lower chlorinated congeners were highest in sea otters from the unoiled area, whereas concentrations were similar among harlequin ducks from the oiled and unoiled area. Blood enzymes often elevated by xenobiotics were not related to PCB concentrations in sea otters. Only sea otters from the unoiled area had estimated risk from PCBs, and PCB composition or concentrations did not correspond to reported lower measures of population performance in sea otters or harlequin ducks from the oiled area. PCBs probably did not influence limited sea otter or harlequin duck recovery in the oiled area a decade after the spill. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Ricca, Mark A.; Miles, A. Keith] Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis Field Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Ballachey, Brenda E.; Bodkin, James L.] Alaska Pacific Univ, US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Esler, Daniel] Simon Fraser Univ, Ctr Wildlife Ecol, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada.
[Trust, Kimberly A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Ricca, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis Field Stn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM mark_ricca@usgs.gov
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council
FX This study was funded by the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council. We
extend sincere thanks to the numerous biologists involved with sea otter
and harlequin duck sample collection acknowledged previously by Bodkin
et al. (2002) and Ester et al. (2002). C. Gorbics played an integral
role in organizing laboratory analyses. G. Herring, C.A. Eagles-Smith,
B. Halstead, and an anonymous reviewer provided helpful comments on
previous manuscript drafts. Mention of trade names or organizations does
not imply endorsement by the US government, and the conclusions in this
paper do not necessarily reflect the views, positions, or policies of
the US Fish and Wildlife Service or the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee
Council.
NR 57
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U1 1
U2 27
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 60
IS 6
BP 861
EP 872
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.01.005
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 624EJ
UT WOS:000279798800018
PM 20132952
ER
PT J
AU Bartosova, K
Gier, S
Horton, JW
Koeberl, C
Mader, D
Dypvik, H
AF Bartosova, Katerina
Gier, Susanne
Horton, J. Wright, Jr.
Koeberl, Christian
Mader, Dieter
Dypvik, Henning
TI Petrography, mineralogy, and geochemistry of deep gravelly sands in the
Eyreville B core, Chesapeake Bay impact structure
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID TEKTITE STREWN FIELD; GRAIN-SIZE; PROVENANCE; SAMPLES
AB The ICDP-USGS Eyreville drill cores in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure reached a total depth of 1766 m and comprise (from the bottom upwards) basement-derived schists and granites/pegmatites, impact breccias, mostly poorly lithified gravelly sand and crystalline blocks, a granitic slab, sedimentary breccias, and postimpact sediments. The gravelly sand and crystalline block section forms an approximately 26 m thick interval that includes an amphibolite block and boulders of cataclastic gneiss and suevite. Three gravelly sands (basal, middle, and upper) are distinguished within this interval. The gravelly sands are poorly sorted, clast supported, and generally massive, but crude size-sorting and subtle, discontinuous layers occur locally. Quartz and K-feldspar are the main sand-size minerals and smectite and kaolinite are the principal clay minerals. Other mineral grains occur only in accessory amounts and lithic clasts are sparse (only a few vol%). The gravelly sands are silica rich (similar to 80 wt% SiO(2)). Trends with depth include a slight decrease in SiO(2) and slight increase in Fe(2)O(3). The basal gravelly sand (below the cataclasite boulder) has a lower SiO(2) content, less K-feldspar, and more mica than the higher sands, and it contains more lithic clasts and melt particles that are probably reworked from the underlying suevite. The middle gravelly sand (below the amphibolite block) is finer-grained, contains more abundant clay minerals, and displays more variable chemical compositions than upper gravelly sand (above the block). Our mineralogical and geochemical results suggest that the gravelly sands are avalanche deposits derived probably from the nonmarine Potomac Formation in the lower part of the target sediment layer, in contrast to polymict diamictons higher in the core that have been interpreted as ocean-resurge debris flows, which is in agreement with previous interpretations. The mineralogy and geochemistry of the gravelly sands are typical for a passive continental margin source. There is no discernible mixing with marine sediments (no glauconite or Paleogene marine microfossils noted) during the impact remobilization and redeposition. The unshocked amphibolite block and cataclasite boulder might have originated from the outer parts of the transient crater.
C1 [Bartosova, Katerina; Koeberl, Christian; Mader, Dieter] Univ Vienna, Dept Lithospher Res, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Gier, Susanne] Univ Vienna, Dept Geodynam & Sedimentol, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Horton, J. Wright, Jr.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Dypvik, Henning] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.
[Koeberl, Christian] Nat Hist Museum, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
RP Bartosova, K (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Lithospher Res, Althanstr 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
EM katerina.bartosova@univie.ac.at
FU ICDP; USGS; NASA; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P18862-N10]
FX The drilling at Eyreville Farm was supported by ICDP, USGS, and NASA. We
appreciate the work of general contractor DOSECC and drilling operator
Major Drilling, USA. This work was supported by the Austrian Science
Fund (FWF), project P18862-N10 (to C. K.). The help of the staff at the
USGS National Center, Reston, during the sampling process is
appreciated. We appreciate the help of E. Klapfer and J. Sterba
(Institute of Atomic and Subatomic Physics, Vienna) with the
irradiations. We thank R.- T. Schmitt, K. Krahn and H. R. Knofler
(Museum of Natural History, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany) and P.
Nagl and P. McDonald (University of Vienna) for the XRF analysis. The
assistance of E. Libowitzky (University of Vienna) with the microRaman
spectroscopy and of F. Brandstaetter (Natural History Museum, Vienna)
with the SEM EDX analyses is highly appreciated. We thank F. Ottner
(University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna) for
performing simultaneous thermal analysis. W. U. Reimold (Museum of
Natural History, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany) is thanked for
providing thin sections of the gravelly sand samples from the Berlin
sample suite. We thank C. W. Poag and an anonymous referee, as well as
the internal USGS referees G. S. Gohn and L. E. Edwards, for
constructive comments that helped to substantially improve the
manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 59
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U1 1
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 6
BP 1021
EP 1052
DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2010.01077.x
PG 32
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 656XJ
UT WOS:000282374100007
ER
PT J
AU Muths, E
Scherer, RD
Lambert, BA
AF Muths, Erin
Scherer, Rick D.
Lambert, Brad A.
TI Unbiased survival estimates and evidence for skipped breeding
opportunities in females
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE boreal toad; capture-recapture; Colorado; multi-state open robust
design; survival; temporary emigration
ID ESTIMATE TEMPORARY EMIGRATION; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; AMPHIBIAN
DECLINES; ROBUST DESIGN; COMMON TOADS; BOREAL TOADS; POPULATION ECOLOGY;
BUFO-BUFO; PROBABILITIES; COLORADO
AB 1. Estimates of demographic parameters for females, in many organisms, are sparse. This is particularly worrisome as more and more species are faced with high extinction probabilities and conservation increasingly depends on actions dictated by complex predictive models that require accurate estimates of demographic parameters for each sex and species.
2. This study assesses demographic parameters, specifically temporary emigration and survival, for females, a class that has been difficult to investigate historically because of lack of data. Amphibians provide a particularly good example because there is global concern about amphibian decline; yet most demographic parameter estimates are based on data from males, which we show can lead to erroneous conclusions.
3. We use 10 years of capture-recapture data from boreal toads (Bufo boreas) and the multi-state open robust design model to provide evidence for the occurrence of skipped breeding opportunities (i.e. temporary emigration) in females. This is the first time that the open robust design model has been applied to an analysis of an amphibian population that we are aware of.
4. We determined that the transition from breeder to non-breeder is obligate and the probability of a non-breeder remaining a non-breeder is 64%; thus, temporary emigration is first-order Markovian in nature, where breeding probability is dependent on the previous year's activity, i.e. if a female did not breed in year one, there is a 36% chance that she will breed in year two. With temporary emigration accounted for, we estimated between-year female survival at 87%.
5. Establishing the occurrence of temporary emigration not only reduces bias in estimates of survival probabilities but also provides information about expected breeding attempts by females, a critical element in understanding the ecology of an organism and the impacts of outside stressors and conservation actions.
C1 [Muths, Erin; Scherer, Rick D.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Scherer, Rick D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Lambert, Brad A.] Colorado State Univ, Colorado Nat Heritage Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Muths, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM erin_muths@usgs.gov
FU USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative; Colorado Natural
Heritage Program; Colorado Division of Wildlife
FX This study was partially funded by the USGS Amphibian Research and
Monitoring Initiative, The Colorado Natural Heritage Program and the
Colorado Division of Wildlife. We thank L. Bailey and W. Kendall for
conversations about the modelling and L. Bailey, R. Reed and B. Schmidt
for suggestions that improved the manuscript. All procedures used in
handling animals were approved by the USGS Animal Care and Use
Committee. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 50
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U1 2
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2041-210X
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 2
BP 123
EP 130
DI 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2010.00019.x
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 742BW
UT WOS:000288914100004
ER
PT J
AU Zipkin, EF
Jennelle, CS
Cooch, EG
AF Zipkin, Elise F.
Jennelle, Christopher S.
Cooch, Evan G.
TI A primer on the application of Markov chains to the study of wildlife
disease dynamics
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Epidemiological model; house finch Carpodacus mexicanus; Markov process;
Mycoplasma gallisepticum; wildlife disease
ID MYCOPLASMA-GALLISEPTICUM INFECTION; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE ANALYSIS; IN-HOUSE
FINCHES; CONJUNCTIVITIS; SURVIVAL; MODELS; HOST; ANIMALS
AB 1. For wildlife researchers, disease specialists and policy analysts unfamiliar with the mathematical/statistical language of disease models, translation of probability statements into meaningful terms for disease research and control may be challenging. Markov chain models are powerful tools, applicable to the study of disease dynamics that allow straightforward calculations of easily interpretable metrics of interest including probabilities of infection/recovery, expected times to initial infection, duration of illness and life expectancies for susceptible and infected individuals.
2. We present the basic principles and assumptions behind Markov chain modelling with an intuitive interpretation of parameter estimates and a step-by-step guide (including software code) for implementing this approach in the study of wildlife diseases. We also include an explanation of the estimation process necessary to implement Markov chain modelling (i.e. estimating the probability of state transitions between consecutive time steps) from typical survey data.
3. We demonstrate the usefulness and ease of calculation of Markov chains through an example using a house finch Carpodacus mexicanus-Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) system. Our results show how semi-weekly transition estimates of susceptible and infected individuals can be used to estimate a wide array of seasonal disease-associated metrics.
4. Markov chain modelling can provide a basic understanding of parameters estimated from wildlife disease studies, and can aid in understanding the implications of disease on wildlife populations and in evaluation of control measures. We envision this paper serving as an entry point into the extensive literature and potential applications of Markov chains in epidemiological modelling.
C1 [Zipkin, Elise F.; Cooch, Evan G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Jennelle, Christopher S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forestry & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Zipkin, EF (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM ezipkin@usgs.gov
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 2041-210X
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 2
BP 192
EP 198
DI 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2010.00018.x
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 742BW
UT WOS:000288914100012
ER
PT J
AU Mueller, RS
Denef, VJ
Kalnejais, LH
Suttle, KB
Thomas, BC
Wilmes, P
Smith, RL
Nordstrom, DK
McCleskey, RB
Shah, MB
VerBerkmoes, NC
Hettich, RL
Banfield, JF
AF Mueller, Ryan S.
Denef, Vincent J.
Kalnejais, Linda H.
Suttle, K. Blake
Thomas, Brian C.
Wilmes, Paul
Smith, Richard L.
Nordstrom, D. Kirk
McCleskey, R. Blaine
Shah, Manesh B.
VerBerkmoes, Nathan C.
Hettich, Robert L.
Banfield, Jillian F.
TI Ecological distribution and population physiology defined by proteomics
in a natural microbial community
SO MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE community structure; metaproteomics; microbial ecology; model community;
succession
ID ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS; IRON MOUNTAIN; BACTERIA;
PROTEIN; METAGENOMICS; ENVIRONMENT; MECHANISMS; MICROARRAY; SUCCESSION
AB An important challenge in microbial ecology is developing methods that simultaneously examine the physiology of organisms at the molecular level and their ecosystem level interactions in complex natural systems. We integrated extensive proteomic, geochemical, and biological information from 28 microbial communities collected from an acid mine drainage environment and representing a range of biofilm development stages and geochemical conditions to evaluate how the physiologies of the dominant and less abundant organisms change along environmental gradients. The initial colonist dominates across all environments, but its proteome changes between two stable states as communities diversify, implying that interspecies interactions affect this organism's metabolism. Its overall physiology is robust to abiotic environmental factors, but strong correlations exist between these factors and certain subsets of proteins, possibly accounting for its wide environmental distribution. Lower abundance populations are patchier in their distribution, and proteomic data indicate that their environmental niches may be constrained by specific sets of abiotic environmental factors. This research establishes an effective strategy to investigate ecological relationships between microbial physiology and the environment for whole communities in situ. Molecular Systems Biology 6: 374; published online 8 June 2010; doi:10.1038/msb.2010.30
C1 [Mueller, Ryan S.; Denef, Vincent J.; Kalnejais, Linda H.; Suttle, K. Blake; Thomas, Brian C.; Wilmes, Paul; Banfield, Jillian F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Smith, Richard L.; Nordstrom, D. Kirk; McCleskey, R. Blaine] US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Boulder, CO USA.
[Shah, Manesh B.; VerBerkmoes, Nathan C.; Hettich, Robert L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Banfield, JF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 369 McCone Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jbanfield@berkeley.edu
RI Smith, Richard/A-6733-2008; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Hettich,
Robert/N-1458-2016; Wilmes, Paul/B-1707-2017;
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-3829-0125; Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349;
Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X; Wilmes, Paul/0000-0002-6478-2924;
McCleskey, Richard/0000-0002-2521-8052
FU US Department of Energy (Office of Science) [DE-FG02-05ER64134]
FX We thank Mr TW Arman, President, Iron Mountain Mines and Dr R Sugarek,
EPA, for site access and Mr R Carver for on-site assistance, P Abraham,
M Lefsrud (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) for their assistance with
proteomic measurements and analysis, and F Lauro for providing
computational assistance. R Barnes, C Miller, and M Power are thanked
for helpful reviews. This project was funded by Grant No.
DE-FG02-05ER64134 from the US Department of Energy Genomics: GTL project
(Office of Science).
NR 51
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 3
U2 36
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1744-4292
J9 MOL SYST BIOL
JI Mol. Syst. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 6
AR 374
DI 10.1038/msb.2010.30
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 622CH
UT WOS:000279636000006
PM 20531404
ER
PT J
AU Gleeson, T
VanderSteen, J
Sophocleous, MA
Taniguchi, M
Alley, WM
Allen, DM
Zhou, YX
AF Gleeson, Tom
VanderSteen, Jonathan
Sophocleous, Marios A.
Taniguchi, Makoto
Alley, William M.
Allen, Diana M.
Zhou, Yangxiao
TI Groundwater sustainability strategies
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Gleeson, Tom] Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[VanderSteen, Jonathan] Univ Guelph, Sch Engn, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Sophocleous, Marios A.] Univ Kansas, Kansas Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA.
[Taniguchi, Makoto] Res Inst Humanity & Nat, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto 6020878, Japan.
[Alley, William M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Allen, Diana M.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Zhou, Yangxiao] UNESCO IHE Inst Water Educ, Water Engn Dept, NL-2601 DA Delft, Netherlands.
RP Gleeson, T (reprint author), Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, 6339 Stores Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM tgleeson@eos.ubc.ca
RI Allen, Diana/A-4215-2010; Gleeson, Tom/F-2552-2011; Zhou,
Yangxiao/C-6922-2009; Taniguchi, Makoto/E-3335-2012
OI Allen, Diana/0000-0003-3541-2470; Gleeson, Tom/0000-0001-9493-7707;
Zhou, Yangxiao/0000-0002-0856-7007; Taniguchi,
Makoto/0000-0001-7416-0275
NR 11
TC 52
Z9 53
U1 5
U2 36
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 6
BP 378
EP 379
PG 2
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 602IZ
UT WOS:000278134100005
ER
PT J
AU Tierney, JE
Mayes, MT
Meyer, N
Johnson, C
Swarzenski, PW
Cohen, AS
Russell, JM
AF Tierney, Jessica E.
Mayes, Marc T.
Meyer, Natacha
Johnson, Christopher
Swarzenski, Peter W.
Cohen, Andrew S.
Russell, James M.
TI Late-twentieth-century warming in Lake Tanganyika unprecedented since AD
500
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; TEX86 PALEOTHERMOMETER; AFRICAN CLIMATE; PRODUCTIVITY;
CALIBRATION; ECOSYSTEM
AB Instrumental observations suggest that Lake Tanganyika, the largest rift lake in East Africa, has become warmer, increasingly stratified and less productive over the past 90 years (refs 1,2). These trends have been attributed to anthropogenic climate change. However, it remains unclear whether the decrease in productivity is linked to the temperature rise(3,4), and whether the twentieth-century trends are anomalous within the context of longer-term variability. Here, we use the TEX86 temperature proxy, the weight per cent of biogenic silica and charcoal abundance from Lake Tanganyika sediment cores to reconstruct lake-surface temperature, productivity and regional wildfire frequency, respectively, for the past 1,500 years. We detect a negative correlation between lake-surface temperature and primary productivity, and our estimates of fire frequency, and hence humidity, preclude decreased nutrient input through runoff as a cause for observed periods of low productivity. We suggest that, throughout the past 1,500 years, rising lake-surface temperatures increased the stratification of the lake water column, preventing nutrient recharge from below and limiting primary productivity. Our records indicate that changes in the temperature of Lake Tanganyika in the past few decades exceed previous natural variability. We conclude that these unprecedented temperatures and a corresponding decrease in productivity can be attributed to anthropogenic global warming, with potentially important implications for the Lake Tanganyika fishery.
C1 [Tierney, Jessica E.; Mayes, Marc T.; Meyer, Natacha; Russell, James M.] Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Mayes, Marc T.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm, Nelson Inst Environm Studies, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Johnson, Christopher; Cohen, Andrew S.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Johnson, Christopher] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Swarzenski, Peter W.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Tierney, JE (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Box 1846, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
EM Jessica_Tierney@brown.edu
FU NSF-EAR [0639474]; NSF-ATM [0223920]
FX We thank Y. Huang and M. Alexandre for laboratory analytical assistance.
We also thank the Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute (TAFIRI), the
University of Dar es Salaam and the crew of the M/V Maman Benita for
assistance in the field. This research was supported by NSF-EAR 0639474
to J.M.R. and the Nyanza Project (NSF-ATM 0223920 to A. S. C.).
NR 24
TC 76
Z9 83
U1 3
U2 56
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 6
BP 422
EP 425
DI 10.1038/NGEO865
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 602IZ
UT WOS:000278134100019
ER
PT J
AU Madenjian, CP
Desorcie, TJ
AF Madenjian, Charles P.
Desorcie, Timothy J.
TI Lake Trout Population Dynamics in the Northern Refuge of Lake Michigan:
Implications for Future Rehabilitation
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID LAMPREY PETROMYZON-MARINUS; SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; NATURAL REPRODUCTION;
HURON; RESTORATION; ALEWIVES; PREDATION; WHITEFISH; ABUNDANCE; ONTARIO
AB The Northern Refuge was established in 1985 as part of the lake trout Salvelinus namaycush rehabilitation effort for Lake Michigan. To evaluate progress toward lake trout rehabilitation in the Northern Refuge, we conducted annual (1991-2008) gill-net surveys in the fall to assess the adult population and beam trawl surveys in the spring to assess naturally reproduced age-0 lake trout. Our criteria for evaluating progress included the density of "wild'' age-0 fish within the Northern Refuge, the proportion of wild fish within the adult population, density of spawners, adult survival, growth, and wounding rate by sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus. No wild age-0 lake trout were caught in the Northern Refuge during 1991-2008. Overall, wild lake trout did not recruit to the adult population to any detectable degree. The mean density of spawning lake trout decreased from 45 fish.305 m of gill net(-1).d(-1) during 1991-1999 to only 4 fish.305 m(-1).d(-1) during 2000-2008. Although the sea lamprey wounding rate more than doubled between these two time periods, catch curve analysis revealed that mortality of adult lake trout actually decreased between the two periods. Therefore, the 90% decrease in abundance of spawning lake trout between the two periods could not be attributed to increased sea lamprey predation but instead was probably due in part to the reduced lake trout stocking rate during 1995-2005. The paucity of natural reproduction in the Northern Refuge during 1991-2008 most likely resulted from alewife Alosa pseudoharengus interference with lake trout reproduction and from the relatively low lake trout spawner density during 2000-2008. Our results suggest that the annual stocking rate of lake trout yearlings should be increased to at least 250,000 fish/reef to achieve greater densities of spawners.
C1 [Madenjian, Charles P.; Desorcie, Timothy J.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Madenjian, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM cmadenjian@usgs.gov
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 3
BP 629
EP 641
DI 10.1577/M09-108.1
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 625HB
UT WOS:000279885000002
ER
PT J
AU Hoagstrom, CW
Berry, CR
AF Hoagstrom, C. W.
Berry, C. R., Jr.
TI The Native Range of Walleyes in the Missouri River Drainage
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-PLAINS RESERVOIR; FRESH-WATER FISHES; STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM;
CHEYENNE RIVER; NORTH-AMERICA; PRAIRIE STREAMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
SOUTH-DAKOTA; COHO SALMON; HABITAT USE
AB The southern limit of the native range of walleye Sander vitreus is difficult to determine because of sparse historical information, early stockings, and early human disturbances. The southwestern limit is traditionally set within the Missouri River drainage, but the exact limit is uncertain and investigators have recently postulated that walleyes are not native anywhere in the drainage. We conducted a literature review to assess this controversy. The walleye is invasive, it has been stocked into the drainage, and many populations are associated with human-effected habitats (e.g., reservoirs). However, distributional, fossil, and molecular data indicate that walleyes were widespread in the drainage during glacial periods, and there is little evidence that the habitats of the Missouri River drainage are unsuitable. Although the historical information is inconclusive, other fishes with similar histories are regarded as native in at least some of the waters of the drainage. Fish distributions in the Missouri River drainage are dynamic and responsive to climatic fluctuations and human disturbance. The walleye probably is most appropriately considered a marginal native of this basin. Populations should be individually designated native or nonnative based on the following criteria: (1) the population does (does not) inhabit waters accessible via natural dispersal given no anthropogenic barriers (i.e., potential native range), (2) natural habitat conditions would (would not) be suitable (i.e., present native range), and (3) the population does (does not) originate from a native source. These criteria could be applied to all associated fishes for increased consistency among designations.
C1 [Hoagstrom, C. W.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Berry, C. R., Jr.] S Dakota State Univ, US Geol Survey, S Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Hoagstrom, CW (reprint author), Weber State Univ, Dept Zool, Ogden, UT 84408 USA.
EM christopherhoagstrom@weber.edu
FU South Dakota Game, Fish and Parks [F-21-R, F-15-R]; U.S. Geological
Surve; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; South Dakota State University
FX Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration funds administered by South Dakota
Game, Fish and Parks (projects F-21-R and F-15-R) supported this
research. The U.S. Geological Survey, South Dakota Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit, is jointly supported by South Dakota Game, Fish
and Parks, the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, and South Dakota State University. We thank S. Hafen, M.
Newbrey, P. Unmack, three anonymous reviewers, and the editors for
helpful suggestions. Mention of trade names or products does not
indicate endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey or South Dakota State
University.
NR 145
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U2 5
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 3
BP 642
EP 654
DI 10.1577/M09-081.1
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 625HB
UT WOS:000279885000003
ER
PT J
AU Ranney, SH
Fincel, MJ
Wuellner, MR
VanDeHey, JA
Brown, ML
AF Ranney, Steven H.
Fincel, Mark J.
Wuellner, Melissa R.
VanDeHey, Justin A.
Brown, Michael L.
TI Assessing Length-Related Bias and the Need for Data Standardization in
the Development of Standard Weight Equations
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID CONDITION INDEXES
AB The recently developed empirical percentile (EmP) method, a technique for deriving standard weight (W-s) equations, putatively reduces the length-related biases that often plague such equations. To determine whether the EmP method is superior to the regression line-percentile (RLP) method in reducing length-related biases, we developed new W-s equations by applying both methods to two morphologically distinct species, walleye Sander vitreus and black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus. We also investigated diagnostic approaches to provide quality control for weight-length data. We evaluated the new W-s equations with filtered independent data to determine which equation reduced length bias the most. We suggest a protocol for evaluating length-related bias using an independent data set. Our results showed that for randomly selected walleye populations, the RLP method did not have any length-related biases when relative weight (W-r) was plotted as a function of length. However, the W-r values calculated from the EmP W-s equations were length biased when the latter were applied to those same populations. Both methods generated W-s equations that were length biased when W-r was plotted as a function of length for black crappies. Further, the absolute difference in W-r between the RLP and EmP methods indicates that there is little difference between the methods as far as their relevance to management is concerned.. Based on these results, we believe that revising existing W-s equations using the EmP method is unnecessary and that the RLP technique should remain the standard for developing W-s equations pending the development of an approach that clearly eliminates methodological length bias.
C1 [Ranney, Steven H.; Fincel, Mark J.; Wuellner, Melissa R.; VanDeHey, Justin A.; Brown, Michael L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Ranney, SH (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM steven.ranney@montana.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey; South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit
FX We thank the contributors of the validation data set and their agencies
for allowing us to use their data: Bill Couch, Anthony Rabern, and
Dennis Schmitt of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife
Resources Division (walleyes and black crappies); Zachary Jackson (Iowa
walleyes and black crappies) and Michael Quist (Kansas walleyes) of Iowa
State University; Scott Gustafson of the Minnesota Department of Natural
Resources (walleyes and black crappies); Heath Hadley and Eric Roberts
of the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks (walleyes); Keith
Hurley of the Nebraska Game and Fish Commission (walleyes and black
crappies); Brian Blackwell (walleyes and black crappies) and David
Lucchesi (black crappies) of the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish,
and Parks; Chris Penne and Mike Slater of the Utah Department of Natural
Resources, Wildlife Division (walleyes); and NancyNate of the Wisconsin
Department of Natural Resources (walleyes and black crappies). We also
thank the students in the quantitative fisheries science course at South
Dakota State University for their helpful discussions on this topic.
Finally, we thank David Willis and Kenneth Gerow for comments on an
early draft of this manuscript, and we appreciate the comments from
three anonymous reviewers. S. Ranney and M. Fincel were supported in
part by the U.S. Geological Survey, South Dakota Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit.
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 3
BP 655
EP 664
DI 10.1577/M08-097.1
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 625HB
UT WOS:000279885000004
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JR
Baumsteiger, J
Zydlewski, J
Hudson, JM
Ardren, W
AF Johnson, Jeffrey R.
Baumsteiger, Jason
Zydlewski, Joseph
Hudson, J. Michael
Ardren, William
TI Evidence of Panmixia between Sympatric Life History Forms of Coastal
Cutthroat Trout in Two Lower Columbia River Tributaries
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID CROSS-SPECIES AMPLIFICATION; RESTRICTED GENE FLOW; POPULATION-STRUCTURE;
SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; RAINBOW-TROUT;
METAPOPULATION STRUCTURE; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SALMO-CLARKI; BROWN TROUT
AB Coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii exhibit resident and migratory life history strategies that often occur sympatrically, but the relationship between these forms within a population is poorly characterized. Through use of passive integrated transponder technology, migratory and resident coastal cutthroat trout were identified in two lower Columbia River tributaries (Abernathy Creek and the Chinook River) separated by more than 80 km. Genetic data from 17 highly variable microsatellite loci were used to ascertain the genetic population structure of these life history forms within and between streams. No distinct genetic separation was observed between the life history forms within a stream, as assessed by four different statistical approaches: permutation tests based on the genetic differentiation index F(ST), principal components analysis of individuals, analysis of molecular variance, and contingency tests of allele frequency heterogeneity. Genetic differences were an order of magnitude higher between stream samples (F(ST) > 0.03) than between life history forms within a stream (F(ST) < 0.003). The contingency test detected allele frequency differences between migratory and resident life history forms in Abernathy Creek (P = 0.001), but this result was influenced more by age-class structure than by reproductive isolation between life history forms. Results are consistent with a single, randomly mating population in each stream producing both migratory and resident life history forms. These data suggest that individual life history strategy in coastal cutthroat trout is predominantly determined by phenotypic plasticity rather than genotype.
C1 [Johnson, Jeffrey R.; Hudson, J. Michael] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Baumsteiger, Jason; Ardren, William] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98683 USA.
[Zydlewski, Joseph] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP Hudson, JM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM michael_hudson@fws.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
[123083]; Bonneville Power Administration [2001-012-00]; Maine
Cooperative Fisheries; Wildlife Research Unit
FX This project was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)
Columbia River Fisheries Program Office and the USFWS Region 1 Office.
Portions of the field work were also funded by the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers (Project Number 123083) and the Bonneville Power
Administration (Project Number2001-012-00). Additional support was
provided by the Maine Cooperative Fisheries and Wildlife Research Unit.
We acknowledge Jeff Hogle, John Brunzell, Gayle Zydlewski, and Bill
Gale, along with a number of volunteers over the years, for the
countless hours spent in the field assisting in the capture and tagging
of fish. D. Campton, A. Jones, and C. Smith provided useful suggestions
regarding the genetic analysis. We thank Benjamin Letcher and Judith
Rhymer for reviewing the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in
this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily
represent those of the USFWS. Mention of trade names or commercial
products does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 3
BP 691
EP 701
DI 10.1577/M09-055.1
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 625HB
UT WOS:000279885000008
ER
PT J
AU Hatten, JR
Batt, TR
AF Hatten, James R.
Batt, Thomas R.
TI Hydraulic Alterations Resulting From Hydropower Development in the
Bonneville Reach of the Columbia River
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHINOOK SALMON; MICROHABITAT PREFERENCES; SPAWNING HABITAT; MODELS;
RESOLUTION; STREAM; SCALE; FLOW; DAM
AB We used a two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic model to simulate and compare the hydraulic characteristics in a 74-km reach of the Columbia River (the Bonneville Reach) before and after construction of Bonneville Dam. For hydrodynamic modeling, we created a bathymetric layer of the Bonneville Reach from single-beam and multi-beam echo-sounder surveys, digital elevation models, and navigation surveys. We calibrated the hydrodynamic model at 100 and 300 kcfs with a user-defined roughness layer, a variable-sized mesh, and a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers backwater curve. We verified the 2D model with acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) data at 14 transects and three flows. The 2D model was 88% accurate for water depths, and 77% accurate for velocities. We verified a pre-dam 2D model run at 126 kcfs using pre-dam aerial photos from September 1935. Hydraulic simulations indicated that mean water depths in the Bonneville Reach increased by 34% following dam construction, while mean velocities decreased by 58%. There are numerous activities that would benefit from data output from the 2D model, including biological sampling. bioenergetics, and spatially explicit habitat modeling.
C1 [Hatten, James R.; Batt, Thomas R.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Hatten, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jhatten@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Columbia River Research Laboratory
FX The U.S. Geological Survey provided funding and support for this work.
We thank our collaborators at the Columbia River Research Laboratory for
providing support and guidance in this project: Jim Seelye, Jim
Petersen, Mike Parsley, Tim Counihan, Alec Maule, Dennis Rondorf, and
all the others who contributed. We thank Larry D. Kooker, Bill Danforth,
and Michael Boyle, USGS Woods Hole and Pacific Science Centers, for
providing a multibeam sonar and crew for bathymetric data collection,
and the USACE Portland District for archival bathymetric data. We also
thank Ken Tiffan, Gary Barton, editorial staff at Northwest Science, and
two anonymous reviewers, for providing helpful comments about this
manuscript. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this
publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such
use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the U.S.
Department of Interior or the U.S. Geological Survey of any product or
service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable.
NR 37
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U1 0
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PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIV
PI PULLMAN
PA PO BOX 645020, PULLMAN, WA 99164-5910 USA
SN 0029-344X
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD SUM
PY 2010
VL 84
IS 3
BP 207
EP 222
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 652VU
UT WOS:000282039700001
ER
PT J
AU Mesa, MG
Magie, RJ
Copeland, ES
AF Mesa, Matthew G.
Magie, Robert J.
Copeland, Elizabeth S.
TI Passage and Behavior of Radio-tagged Adult Pacific Lampreys (Entosphenus
tridentatus) at the Willamette Falls Project, Oregon
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; UPSTREAM MIGRATION;
EFFICIENCY; FISHWAYS; USA
AB Populations of Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) in the Columbia River basin have declined and passage problems at dams are a contributing factor. We used radio telemetry to monitor the passage of adult Pacific lampreys at the Willamette Falls Project (a hydroelectric dam integrated into a natural falls) on the Willamette River near Portland, Oregon. In 2005 and 2006, fish were captured at the Project. implanted with a radio tag, and released downstream. We tagged 136 lampreys in 2005 and 107 in 2006. Over 90% of the fish returned to the Project in 7 - 9 h and most were detected from 2000 - 2300 h. In 2005, 43 fish (34%) passed the dam via the fishway, with peak passage in August. No fish passed over the falls, but 13% ascended at least partway up the falls. In 2006. 24 fish (23%) passed the Project using the fishway, with most prior to 9 June when the powerhouse was off. Although 19 lampreys ascended the falls, only two passed via this route. The time for fish to pass through the fishway ranged from 4 - 74 h, depending on route. Many fish stayed in the tailrace for hours to almost a year and eventually moved downstream. Our results indicate that passage of lampreys at the Project is lower than that for lampreys at dams on the Columbia River. Low passage success may result from low river flows, impediments in fishways, delayed tagging effects, changing environmental conditions, or performance or behavioral constraints.
C1 [Mesa, Matthew G.; Magie, Robert J.; Copeland, Elizabeth S.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Mesa, MG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501 Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM mmesa@usgs.gov
FU Portland General Electric (PGE); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS);
Bureau of Reclamation (BOR); Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde
(CTGR); Normandeau Associates
FX We thank Portland General Electric (PGE), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (USFWS), the Bureau of Reclamation (BOR), and the Confederated
Tribes of the Grand Ronde (CTGR) for cooperatively funding this study;
Dan Domina (formerly of PGE) and Chris Karchesky of Normandeau
Associates, David Heintzman and Tim Shibahara of PGE, Doug Baus of the
USFWS, Dave Nelson of the BOR, and Jeff Baker and Kelly Dirkson of the
CTGR for technical, administrative, field, and financial assistance;
Phillip Haner, Tyler Mitchell, Brad Liedtke, Theresa Liedtke and Collin
Smith of the CRRL for technical assistance with radiotelemetry
equipment; and numerous colleagues at the CRRL for their cheerful and
tireless work in the field. Mention of trade names does not imply
endorsement by the federal government.
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U2 11
PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIV
PI PULLMAN
PA PO BOX 645020, PULLMAN, WA 99164-5910 USA
SN 0029-344X
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD SUM
PY 2010
VL 84
IS 3
BP 233
EP 242
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 652VU
UT WOS:000282039700003
ER
PT J
AU Swingle, JK
Forsman, ED
Anthony, RG
AF Swingle, James K.
Forsman, Eric D.
Anthony, Robert G.
TI Survival, Mortality, and Predators of Red Tree Voles (Arborimus
longicaudus)
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN SPOTTED OWLS; PHENACOMYS-INTERMEDIUS; WILD MAMMALS; OREGON;
POPULATIONS; DEMOGRAPHY; TELEMETRY; PATTERNS; BEHAVIOR; WEASELS
AB Although estimations of vital rates are important to understand population dynamics of small mammals, there is little information on survival rates and causes of mortality for many species. In 2002-2003, we estimated monthly and annual survival of 50 radiocollared red tree voles (Arborimus longicaudus) during a study of movements and did l activity patterns in western Oregon. Estimated annual survival for both sexes combined was 0.15 (95% Cl = 0.06 to 0.31) and was influenced little by mass at initial capture. In the analysis of explanatory variables, we did not find strong effects of gender, vole age, or forest age on survival. We suspect this may have been due to small sample size and low power to detect effects, because some of the point estimates were suggestive of large differences among groups. Most mortality was due to predation, with 15 of 25 deaths attributed to weasels (Mustela spp.). Weasels preyed upon significantly more females than males (14:1, respectively). Other confirmed or suspected predators were owls (n = 3), a gopher snake (Pituophis catenifer), and a domestic dog (Canis familiaris). Although our results did not support the hypothesis that survival of tree voles was higher in old forests than in young forests, we caution that our sample for this comparison was small and recommend that more definitive studies with larger samples be conducted to better elucidate relationships between vital rates of tree voles and forest age and structure.
C1 [Swingle, James K.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Forsman, Eric D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Anthony, Robert G.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Swingle, JK (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM jimmy.swingle@gmail.com
FU Oregon State Office of the USDI Bureau of Land Management; Region 6
Office of the USDA Forest Service; Oregon State Office of the Bureau of
Land Management
FX Funding for this study was provided by the Oregon State Office of the
USDI Bureau of Land Management and the Region 6 Office of the USDA
Forest Service. Joe Lint at the Oregon State Office of the Bureau of
Land Management was especially helpful in helping us secure funding and
support for the study. Logistical and administrative support was
provided by the Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and
the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife at Oregon State University,
Umpqua National Forest, and the Roseburg District Office of the USDI
Bureau of Land Management. We have benefitted from review of the
manuscript by Jeffrey Dunk and one anonymous reviewer. We are especially
grateful to the dedicated group of biologists who helped us capture and
monitor tree voles, including Meagan Aitken-Voth, Scott Graham, Nick
Hatch, Nicole Maggiuli, Mike McDonald, Jason Mowdy, Amy Price, Janice
Reid, and Heather Wise. Hope Draheim at the USGS Forest and Rangeland
Ecosystem Science Center in Corvallis conducted the genetic analysis of
tree vole gender.
NR 68
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U1 1
U2 6
PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIV
PI PULLMAN
PA PO BOX 645020, PULLMAN, WA 99164-5910 USA
SN 0029-344X
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD SUM
PY 2010
VL 84
IS 3
BP 255
EP 265
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 652VU
UT WOS:000282039700005
ER
PT J
AU Reichert, BE
Martin, J
Kendall, WL
Cattau, CE
Kitchens, WM
AF Reichert, Brian E.
Martin, Julien
Kendall, William L.
Cattau, Christopher E.
Kitchens, Wiley M.
TI Interactive effects of senescence and natural disturbance on the annual
survival probabilities of snail kites
SO OIKOS
LA English
DT Article
ID AGING-RELATED MORTALITY; POPULATION VIABILITY; RESIGHTING DATA; MARKED
ANIMALS; WATER LEVELS; FLORIDA; AGE; EVOLUTION; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT
AB Individuals in wild populations face risks associated with both intrinsic (i.e. aging) and external (i.e. environmental) sources of mortality. Condition-dependent mortality occurs when there is an interaction between such factors; however, few studies have clearly demonstrated condition-dependent mortality and some have even argued that condition-dependent mortality does not occur in wild avian populations. Using large sample sizes (2084 individuals, 3746 re-sights) of individual-based longitudinal data collected over a 33 year period (1976-2008) on multiple cohorts, we used a capture-mark-recapture framework to model age-dependent survival in the snail kite Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus population in Florida. Adding to the growing amount of evidence for actuarial senescence in wild populations, we found evidence of senescent declines in survival probabilities in adult kites. We also tested the hypothesis that older kites experienced condition-dependent mortality during a range-wide drought event (2000-2002). The results provide convincing evidence that the annual survival probability of senescent kites was disproportionately affected by the drought relative to the survival probability of prime-aged adults. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of condition-dependent mortality to be demonstrated in a wild avian population, a finding which challenges recent conclusions drawn in the literature. Our study suggests that senescence and condition-dependent mortality can affect the demography of wild avian populations. Accounting for these sources of variation may be particularly important to appropriately compute estimates of population growth rate, and probabilities of quasi-extinctions.
C1 [Reichert, Brian E.; Martin, Julien; Cattau, Christopher E.; Kitchens, Wiley M.] Univ Florida, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Martin, Julien; Kendall, William L.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Reichert, BE (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Bldg 810, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM breich@ufl.edu
FU US Army Corps of Engineers; US Fish and Wildlife Service; St Johns River
Water Management District; USGS
FX We thank all the technicians and field biologists who have helped
collect and manage data over the years, especially Andrea Bowling, Sara
Stocco, Wesley Craine, Bridget Deemer, William DeGravelles, Lauren
Soloman, Kyle Pias, Jean Olbert, Emily Butler and Jeremy Wood. Also,
special thanks to Robert Bennetts and Vicky Dreitz, who designed the
monitoring study and collected a significant portion of the data. Also,
thanks to Robert Fletcher, Jean-Michel Gaillard and Christa Zweig for
their insightful comments and guidance with statistical modeling
procedures. Financial support was provided by the US Army Corps of
Engineers, US Fish and Wildlife Service, St Johns River Water Management
District, and USGS.
NR 50
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U1 0
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0030-1299
J9 OIKOS
JI Oikos
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 119
IS 6
BP 972
EP 979
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18366.x
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 601CV
UT WOS:000278036500009
ER
PT J
AU Xue, YJ
Liu, SG
Hu, YM
Yang, JF
AF Xue Yue-Ju
Liu Shu-Guang
Hu Yue-Ming
Yang Jing-Feng
TI Soil Quality Assessment Using Weighted Fuzzy Association Rules
SO PEDOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE accuracy; comprehensibility; global weights
ID NEURAL-NETWORKS
AB Fuzzy association rules (FARs) can be powerful in assessing regional soil quality, a critical step prior to land planning and utilization; however, traditional FARs mined from soil quality database, ignoring the importance variability of the rules, can be redundant and far from optimal. In this study, we developed a method applying different weights to traditional FARs to improve accuracy of soil quality assessment. After the FARs for soil quality assessment were mined, redundant rules were eliminated according to whether the rules were significant or not in reducing the complexity of the soil quality assessment models and in improving the comprehensibility of FARs. The global weights, each representing the importance of a FAR in soil quality assessment, were then introduced and refined using a gradient descent optimization method. This method was applied to the assessment of soil resources conditions in Guangdong Province, China. The new approach had an accuracy of 87%, when 15 rules were mined, as compared with 76% from the traditional approach. The accuracy increased to 96% when 32 rules were mined, in contrast to 88% from the traditional approach. These results demonstrated an improved comprehensibility of FARs and a high accuracy of the proposed method.
C1 [Xue Yue-Ju; Hu Yue-Ming; Yang Jing-Feng] S China Agr Univ, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Liu Shu-Guang] US Geol Survey, Ctr Earth Resources Observat & Sci, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Liu Shu-Guang] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Hu, YM (reprint author), S China Agr Univ, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM ymhu@scau.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40671145, 60573115];
Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong, China [04300504,
05006623]
FX Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.
40671145 and 60573115), and the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of
Guangdong, China (Nos. 04300504 and 05006623).
NR 25
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U1 1
U2 16
PU SCIENCE CHINA PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1002-0160
J9 PEDOSPHERE
JI Pedosphere
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 3
BP 334
EP 341
PG 8
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 616CT
UT WOS:000279186500008
ER
PT J
AU Weng, YL
Gong, P
Zhu, ZL
AF Weng Yong-Ling
Gong Peng
Zhu Zhi-Liang
TI A Spectral Index for Estimating Soil Salinity in the Yellow River Delta
Region of China Using EO-1 Hyperion Data
SO PEDOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE hyperspectral reflectance; soil salt content; spectral absorption
features
ID SALT-AFFECTED SOILS; HYPERSPECTRAL DATA; SALINIZATION; INDICATORS;
VEGETATION
AB Soil salinization is one of the most common land degradation processes. In this study, spectral measurements of saline soil samples collected from the Yellow River Delta region of China were conducted in laboratory and hyperspectral data were acquired from an EO-1 Hyperion sensor to quantitatively map soil salinity in the region. A soil salinity spectral index (SSI) was constructed from continuum-removed reflectance (CR-reflectance) at 2 052 and 2 203 nm, to analyze the spectral absorption features of the salt-affected soils. There existed a strong correlation (r = 0.91) between the SSI and soil salt content (SSC). Then, a model for estimation of SSC with SSI was established using univariate regression and validation of the model yielded a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.986 and an R(2) of 0.873. The model was applied to a Hyperion reflectance image on a pixel-by-pixel basis and the resulting quantitative salinity map was validated successfully with RMSE = 1.921 and R(2) = 0.627. These suggested that the satellite hyperspectral data had the potential for predicting SSC in a large area.
C1 [Weng Yong-Ling] Southeast Univ, Coll Transportat, Dept Surveying & Mapping Engn, Nanjing 210096, Peoples R China.
[Weng Yong-Ling; Gong Peng] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Inst Remote Sensing Applicat, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Weng Yong-Ling; Gong Peng] Beijing Normal Univ, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Gong Peng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zhu Zhi-Liang] US Geol Survey, EROS Data Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Weng, YL (reprint author), Southeast Univ, Coll Transportat, Dept Surveying & Mapping Engn, Nanjing 210096, Peoples R China.
EM mgwyl@yahoo.com.cn
FU Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science;
Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences; Beijing Normal University [2009KFJJ002]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [30590370]
FX Supported by the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Remote
Sensing Science, the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of the
Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University (No.
2009KFJJ002) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.
30590370).
NR 27
TC 30
Z9 48
U1 3
U2 28
PU SCIENCE CHINA PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1002-0160
J9 PEDOSPHERE
JI Pedosphere
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 3
BP 378
EP 388
PG 11
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 616CT
UT WOS:000279186500013
ER
PT J
AU Uchida, J
Kadooka, CY
Hauff, R
Loope, L
AF Uchida, J.
Kadooka, C. Y.
Hauff, R.
Loope, L.
TI Protecting the endangered Eugenia koolauensis from further loss in the
Hawaiian Environment
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS)
CY AUG 07-11, 2010
CL Charlotte, NC
SP Amer Phytopathol Soc
C1 [Uchida, J.; Kadooka, C. Y.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Hauff, R.] State Hawaii, Dept Land & Nat Resources, Div Forestry & Wildlife, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Loope, L.] USGS Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Haleakala Field Stn, Makawao, HI USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 100
IS 6
SU S
BP S128
EP S128
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 822JU
UT WOS:000295042000761
ER
PT J
AU Israde-Alcantara, I
Miller, WE
Garduno-Monroy, VH
Barron, J
Rodriguez-Pascua, MA
AF Israde-Alcantara, I.
Miller, W. E.
Garduno-Monroy, V. H.
Barron, J.
Rodriguez-Pascua, M. A.
TI Palaeoenvironmental significance of diatom and vertebrate fossils from
Late Cenozoic tectonic basins in west-central Mexico: A review
SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; DEPOSITS; BACILLARIOPHYTA; MESODICTYON;
PLEISTOCENE; GUANAJUATO; MICHOACAN; HISTORY; CLIMATE; RECORD
AB Pronounced lacustrine sedimentation developed in west-central Mexico during the late Miocene, between approximately 11 and 7 Ma. This was in response to tectonic extension associated with the initial emplacement of the late Miocene substrata of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Climatic conditions in west-central Mexico during this interval were relatively warm and humid based on the widespread distribution of interpreted lacustrine beds.
Following a latest Miocene (8.0-5.4 Ma) stage of arid conditions and greatly reduced deposition of fine-grained lacustrine sediments, extensive, east-west oriented, relatively deep, perennial lakes ensued. They mark the early Pliocene (5.3-4.0 Ma). Lower Pliocene diatomites contain the same diatom species (e.g., Stephanodiscus carconensis and Tertiarius aff. baikalensis) found in rocks of this age in the western United States. The relatively warm and humid conditions that characterized this interval in central Mexico coincide with a period of high-latitude warming, higher global sea level, and a reduction in size of the Antarctic Ice sheets. Because the Central American Seaway persisted until at least the latest Miocene, it might have acted to increase precipitation in central Mexico. This could have continued into the earliest Pliocene. Mexican Pliocene mammalian faunas also support a savanna setting with moist and warm conditions prevailing at the time.
Shallow lakes and fluvial conditions dominate after 4.0 Ma, until the end of Pleistocene. A combination of reduced precipitation, due to general global cooling and drying, as well as volcanic and tectonic processes, are presumed to have been the cause for this mid-Pliocene reduction in lake size and extent in central Mexico. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.
C1 [Israde-Alcantara, I.; Garduno-Monroy, V. H.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Dept Geol & Mineral, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico.
[Miller, W. E.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Barron, J.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Rodriguez-Pascua, M. A.] IGME, Dpto Invest & Prospect, Area Peligrosidad & Riesgos Geol, Madrid 28003, Spain.
RP Israde-Alcantara, I (reprint author), Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Met, Dept Geol & Mineral, Edificio U Ciudad Univ, Morelia 58060, Michoacan, Mexico.
EM isaisrade@gmail.com; wade_miller90@hotmail.com; jbarron@usgs.gov;
ma.rodriguez@igme.es
RI Rodriguez-Pascua, Miguel/H-9323-2015
OI Rodriguez-Pascua, Miguel/0000-0001-5174-119X
FU Universidad Michoacana [1.22]; CONACyT [84981-V2]
FX The research on which this paper is based on was supported by the
Universidad Michoacana through the CIC 03, project 1.22 and from CONACyT
84981-V2. We express gratitude to both of these institutions. The USGS
personnel at Menlo Park and Camila (first author's daughter) provided
much appreciated support. Agostino Rizzi (CNR, Milan) for his skilful
assistance with the SEM and anonymous reviewers are acknowledged for
helpful comments on the manuscript.
NR 108
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1040-6182
J9 QUATERN INT
JI Quat. Int.
PD JUN 1
PY 2010
VL 219
IS 1-2
BP 79
EP 94
DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2010.01.012
PG 16
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 609SH
UT WOS:000278676900009
ER
PT J
AU Kaufman, DS
Anderson, RS
Hu, FS
Berg, E
Werner, A
AF Kaufman, Darrell S.
Anderson, R. Scott
Hu, Feng Sheng
Berg, Edward
Werner, Al
TI Evidence for a variable and wet Younger Dryas in southern Alaska
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
ID HOLOCENE CLIMATE OSCILLATIONS; SOUTHWESTERN ALASKA; VEGETATION; PACIFIC;
RECORD; MOUNTAINS; ECOSYSTEM; AMERICA; REGION; LAKES
AB Pollen, macro- and micro-fossils, and sedimentologic indicators in sediment cores from Discovery Pond (DP) in south-central Alaska indicate that the coldest interval of the last deglacation was coincident with the onset of the Younger Dryas (YD), around 12.8 cal ka. The multi-proxy record from DP together with a compilation of recently published YD records from southern Alaska and the adjacent northern Pacific Ocean shows that, during the course of the YD, temperatures increased, then reached a maximum sometime around 11 cal ka. At DP, a pronounced increase in the abundance of Isoetes and Pediastrum, including species associated with oligotrophic lakes and known to respond to increased precipitation, combined with a reduction in wetland aquatics and an increase in the minerogenic component of the sediment, all indicate a shift from wetland to open-water conditions at around 12.2 cal ka. Similar to other evidence from southern Alaska, our proxy record from DP indicates an increase in temperature and effective moisture during the second half of the YD. An increase in winter precipitation might be associated with a deepening of the Aleutian low-pressure system and a northward shift in winter storm tracks, consistent with recent simulations by climate system models. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kaufman, Darrell S.; Anderson, R. Scott] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Hu, Feng Sheng] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Hu, Feng Sheng] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Berg, Edward] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kenai, AK 99669 USA.
[Werner, Al] Mt Holyoke Coll, Dept Earth & Environm, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA.
RP Kaufman, DS (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM darrell.kaufman@nau.edu
RI Kaufman, Darrell/A-2471-2008
OI Kaufman, Darrell/0000-0002-7572-1414
FU NSF [ATM-0318341, EAR-0823522]; Kenai National Wildlife Refuge; Alaska
Volcano Observatory
FX C. de Fontaine, K. Kathan, E. Kingsbury, and staff of Kenai National
Wildlife Refuge helped core Discovery Pond; J. Bright and C. Schiff
analyzed the OM and BSi; C. McCracken and A. Bair assisted with
paleobotanical analyses; and T. Brown analyzed the 14C ages.
NSF awards ATM-0318341, EAR-0823522, Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, and
the Alaska Volcano Observatory (K. Wallace) supported this research. We
thank M. Jones and D. Peteet for valuable discussions of the YD on Kenai
Peninsula, and T. Ager, J. Barron, T. Lowell, G. MacDonald, V. Markgraf,
Y. Okumura, Z. Yu, and two anonymous reviewers for their input on an
earlier version of the manuscript. Laboratory of Paleoecology
Contribution 97.
NR 44
TC 15
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U1 1
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 11-12
BP 1445
EP 1452
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.02.025
PG 8
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 610GU
UT WOS:000278720500011
ER
PT J
AU Pinter, N
Jemberie, AA
Remo, JWF
Heine, RA
Ickes, BS
AF Pinter, Nicholas
Jemberie, Abebe A.
Remo, Jonathan W. F.
Heine, Reuben A.
Ickes, Brian S.
TI CUMULATIVE IMPACTS OF RIVER ENGINEERING, MISSISSIPPI AND LOWER MISSOURI
RIVERS
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHANGING CLIMATE; FLOOD; PRECIPITATION; ENVIRONMENT; RISK; USA
AB The goal of this study was to construct a large, data-rich model to test hydrological responses to engineering modifications on over 3200 km of the Mississippi and Lower Missouri Rivers. We compiled model explanatory variables from a geospatial database quantifying construction of all bridges, wing dikes, bendway weirs, levees, artificial meander cutoffs, channel constriction and navigational dams over the past 100-150 years. Response variables were derived from 68 rated and un-rated hydrologic stations in the study area, with responses analysed across a range of discharges from within-channel flows up to moderate floods. Correlation analysis, multiple linear regression and stepwise regression analyses document strong and consistent responses to construction history, both in individual reach-scale models and systemwide. Meander cutoffs are associated with degradation and acceleration of flow that has reduced stages across the full discharge range. Navigational dams on the Upper Mississippi River increased low-flow stages and flood levels to a lesser extent, with little or no post-dam change. One of the strongest signals was the hydrologic response to wing-dike construction, which resulted in large back-water increases in stage upstream of wing dikes and mixed effects downstream, including the overlapping effects of incision and velocity losses. Levees were associated with local flow concentration, overbank storage loss and floodplain conveyance loss depending on reach-scale conditions. The results presented here (1) quantify incremental and cumulative hydrologic responses to a range of engineering activities and (2) provide an empirical tool for verifying and assessing hydraulic and other models of river-system change. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Pinter, Nicholas; Jemberie, Abebe A.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Geol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Remo, Jonathan W. F.] So Illinois Univ, Environm Resources & Policy Program, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Heine, Reuben A.] Augustana Coll, Dept Geog, Augustana, IL USA.
[Ickes, Brian S.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
RP Pinter, N (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Geol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
EM npinter@geo.siu.edu
OI Ickes, Brian/0000-0001-5622-3842; Remo, Jonathan/0000-0002-8208-2091
FU NSF [0229578, 0552364]
FX The research reported here was supported by NSF grants 0229578 and
0552364. The manuscript was improved with the insightful comments and
reviews from W.B. Richardson, K.P. Kenow, and one anonymous reviewer.
NR 43
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 22
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1535-1459
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 5
BP 546
EP 571
DI 10.1002/rra.1269
PG 26
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 614CS
UT WOS:000279033400002
ER
PT J
AU Gutreuter, S
Vallazza, JM
Knights, BC
AF Gutreuter, Steve
Vallazza, Jonathan M.
Knights, Brent C.
TI LATERAL DISTRIBUTION OF FISHES IN THE MAIN-CHANNEL TROUGH OF A LARGE
FLOODPLAIN RIVER: IMPLICATIONS FOR RESTORATION
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE abundance; flow; habitat; models; Mississippi River
ID UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; LOWLAND RIVER; HABITAT;
ABUNDANCE; ASSEMBLAGES; EFFICIENCY; DIVERSITY; MOVEMENT; BLUEGILL
AB Major river channels have been extensively altered worldwide. The development of restoration strategies for those alterations requires fundamental information, including the use of large deep channels by fishes. We trawled within parallel paths distributed across the width of the main-channel trough of the Mississippi River to identify how the lateral distribution of fishes responds to variations in flow ranging from 50% to 200% of the annual median, water temperature ranging from 9 to 29 degrees C and commercial shipping traffic ranging from 0 to 9 vessels per day. Among the species we encountered, only shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) were persistent channel residents that remained concentrated along the main-channel centreline regardless of flow, temperature and traffic. Other persistent residents showed no distinct pattern in lateral distribution, concentrated along the deep channel margins or varied in lateral distribution with flow. Surprisingly, large adult bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), which are conventionally viewed as limnophils, were the second-most abundant species in our samples and became increasingly abundant within the deep channel trough as flow decreased below the annual median. Clearly, those fishes exploit resources contained in the main channel and are, therefore, better viewed as opportunistic limno-rheophils. Our results imply the existence of poorly understood food resources in the main channel. We conjecture that re-creation of free-flowing secondary channels and features that increase the production and transport of invertebrates in channels can help mitigate adverse effects of channel alteration and commercial shipping. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Gutreuter, Steve; Vallazza, Jonathan M.; Knights, Brent C.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
RP Gutreuter, S (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM sgutreuter@usgs.gov
FU USGS Fisheries
FX The use of trade names does not constitute endorsement by the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS). This research was funded by the USGS
Fisheries: Aquatic and Endangered Resources Program. Bob Kennedy, Luke
Gress, Scott Schaeffer, Bob Gaugush and Dane Cordes provided valuable
assistance with sampling. Brian Ickes, Hal Schramm, Clayton Ridenour and
three anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments.
NR 44
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 10
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1535-1459
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 5
BP 619
EP 635
DI 10.1002/rra.1271
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 614CS
UT WOS:000279033400006
ER
PT J
AU Ye, RZ
Wright, AL
Orem, WH
McCray, JM
AF Ye, Rongzhong
Wright, Alan L.
Orem, William H.
McCray, J. Mabry
TI Sulfur Distribution and Transformations in Everglades Agricultural Area
Soil as Influenced by Sulfur Amendment
SO SOIL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Sulfur fractions; everglades; Everglades Agricultural Area; histosols
ID ORGANIC SULFUR; ARYLSULFATASE ACTIVITY; CONSECUTIVE HARVESTS; ELEMENTAL
SULFUR; FRACTIONS; FLORIDA; MINERALIZATION; DYNAMICS; AVAILABILITY;
OXIDATION
AB Nutrient export from the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) has been implicated in causing sulfur (S) enrichment of Everglades wetlands. However, quantification of the S budget and transformations in EAA soils is inadequate. The objective of this study was to quantify various S fractions and investigate how elemental S amendment affects S dynamics in EAA soils. Reduced S compounds were not detected in soil before elemental S application. Organic S was the major form of S, comprising 87% of total S, followed by extractable SO4-S (13%). Extractable SO4-S for soils receiving 448 kg S ha(-1) was 36%, 131%, 201%, and 270% higher than for unamended soils at 2, 6, 9, and 13 months, respectively. Elemental S was significantly higher in soils receiving 448 kg S ha(-1) (482 mg kg(-1)) than in soils receiving 224 (111 mg kg(-1)) and 112 kg S ha(-1) (55 mg kg(-1)) and unamended soil (0 mg kg(-1)) at 2 months after S application. Similar to extractable SO4-S, elemental S significantly decreased during the growing season. Sulfur application did not affect the sulfatase activity, however, mineralizable S increased concurrently with S application rate, and the effects continued throughout the growing season. This result was largely attributed to the oxidation of the applied elemental S. Our results suggest that large-scale S application in the EAA soils is likely to increase SO42- concentrations in soils, which poses a potential risk of SO42- export to sensitive Everglades wetlands.
C1 [Wright, Alan L.; McCray, J. Mabry] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA.
[Ye, Rongzhong] Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Orem, William H.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Wright, AL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA.
EM alwr@ifas.ufl.edu
NR 45
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 9
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA
SN 0038-075X
EI 1538-9243
J9 SOIL SCI
JI Soil Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 175
IS 6
BP 263
EP 269
DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e3181e16168
PG 7
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 619KW
UT WOS:000279430100002
ER
PT J
AU Loughman, ZJ
Welsh, SA
AF Loughman, Zachary J.
Welsh, Stuart A.
TI Distribution and Conservation Standing of West Virginia Crayfishes
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB The diversity of crayfishes in West Virginia represents a transition between the species-rich southern Appalachian faunas and the depauperate crayfish diversity in the northeastern United States. Currently, 22 described species occur in the state, of which 6 are given S1 status, and 3 are introduced species. One species, Orconectes limosus (Spinycheek Crayfish) is considered extirpated within the past decade. Imperiled species include Cambarus veteranus (Big Sandy Crayfish), Cambarus elkensis (Elk River Crayfish), Cambarus longulus (Atlantic Slope Crayfish), and Cambarus nerterius (Greenbrier Cave Crayfish). Three species-O. virilis (Virile Crayfish), Orconectes rusticus (Rusty Crayfish), and Procambarus zonangulus (Southern White River Crawfish)-have introduced populations within the state. Procambarus acutus (White River Crawfish) occurs in bottomland forest along the Ohio River floodplain, and is considered native. Several undescribed taxa have been identified and currently are being described. A statewide survey was initiated in 2007 to document the current distribution and conservation status of crayfishes in West Virginia.
C1 [Loughman, Zachary J.] W Liberty Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, W Liberty, WV 26074 USA.
[Welsh, Stuart A.] W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, W Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Loughman, ZJ (reprint author), W Liberty Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, W Liberty, WV 26074 USA.
EM zloughman@westliberty.edu
FU West Virginia Division of Natural Resources; Oglebay Institute; West
Liberty University; US Geological Survey Cooperative Research Unit
Program; West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
FX We would like to thank the many West Liberty University students and
Oglebay Institute interns that assisted us in the field. Financial
support for West Virginia Crayfish surveys was provided by the West
Virginia Division of Natural Resources. Additional Financial support was
provided by Oglebay Institute and West Liberty University. Reference to
trade names does not imply endorsement of commercial products by the US
Government. The publication of this manuscript was supported, in part,
by the US Geological Survey Cooperative Research Unit Program, including
the West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit.
NR 52
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 10
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
EI 1938-5412
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 9
SI 3
BP 63
EP 78
DI 10.1656/058.009.s304
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V24FX
UT WOS:000208397400004
ER
PT J
AU Lenat, DR
Ruiter, DE
Parker, CR
Robinson, JL
Beaty, SR
Flint, OS
AF Lenat, David R.
Ruiter, David E.
Parker, Charles R.
Robinson, Jason L.
Beaty, Steven R.
Flint, Oliver S., Jr.
TI Caddisfly (Trichoptera) Records for North Carolina
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID MOUNTAINS-NATIONAL-PARK; AMERICA TRICHOPTERA; IMMATURE STAGES;
RHYACOPHILIDAE; GENUS; LEPTOCERIDAE; HYDROPTILIDAE; LARVA;
HYDROPSYCHIDAE; EPHEMEROPTERA
AB Information is presented on 348 Trichoptera (caddisfly) species recorded from North Carolina, including 76 new state records. This information includes distribution across 4 ecoregions, occurrence by stream size, and the 1st published North Carolina record for each species.
C1 [Lenat, David R.] Lenat Consulting Serv Inc, Raleigh, NC 27612 USA.
[Parker, Charles R.] US Geol Survey, Gatlinburg, TN 37738 USA.
[Robinson, Jason L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Beaty, Steven R.] N Carolina Div Water Qual, Raleigh, NC 27609 USA.
[Flint, Oliver S., Jr.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Lenat, DR (reprint author), Lenat Consulting Serv Inc, 3607 Corbin St, Raleigh, NC 27612 USA.
EM Lenatbks@mindspring.com
NR 116
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 5
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
EI 1938-5412
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 2
BP 201
EP 236
DI 10.1656/058.009.0202
PG 36
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V24FW
UT WOS:000208397300002
ER
PT J
AU Welsh, SA
Loughman, ZJ
Simon, TP
AF Welsh, Stuart A.
Loughman, Zachary J.
Simon, Thomas P.
TI Concluding Remarks: A Symposium on the Conservation, Biology, and
Natural History of Crayfishes from the Southern United States
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Welsh, Stuart A.] W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, W Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Loughman, Zachary J.] W Liberty Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, W Liberty, WV 26074 USA.
RP Welsh, SA (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, W Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 322 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM swelsh@wvu.edu
OI Simon, Thomas/0000-0003-4393-4703
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 9
SI 3
BP 267
EP 269
DI 10.1656/058.009.s315
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V24FX
UT WOS:000208397400017
ER
PT J
AU Chadwick, J
Fazio, B
Karlin, M
AF Chadwick, John
Fazio, Bud
Karlin, Melissa
TI Effectiveness of GPS-based Telemetry to Determine Temporal Changes in
Habitat Use and Home-range Sizes of Red Wolves
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB Four adult male Canis lupus rufus (Red Wolf) were monitored with GPS collars in 2006-2008 on the Albemarle peninsula of North Carolina in the first high temporal resolution (4 locations/day) study of this endangered species in the wild. The Wolves occupied home ranges during 11-18 month observation periods, and the GPS data were divided into 30-day subsets to evaluate changes in the spatial characteristics of the home ranges over time. The subset location data were then combined with land-cover maps derived from Landsat satellite imagery. Proportions of different land-cover types occupied by the Wolves were seasonally cyclic, with increased use of agricultural areas when tall row crops were available from summer to autumn and increased use of adjacent grass, brush, and forest areas from winter to late spring when tall crops were absent. The spatial extents of home ranges (95% fixed-kernel probability areas) were also seasonally variable, reaching maximum sizes (73-121 km(2)) in early autumn to winter and contracting by 40% to 63% during whelping and pup-rearing in the spring. Our study shows the potential for GPS collars to provide useful information about space and habitat use by Red Wolves, and that at least a full year of observation may be required to fully determine the variability of home-range characteristics.
C1 [Chadwick, John; Karlin, Melissa] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA.
[Fazio, Bud] New Mexico Ecol Serv Field Off, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Albuquerque, NM 87113 USA.
RP Chadwick, J (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA.
EM djchadwi@uncc.edu
FU NASA/North Carolina Space Grant; University of North Carolina at
Charlotte
FX We thank C. Lucash and F. Mauney of the US Fish and Wildlife Service for
their assistance with Wolf captures, collar placement, data collection,
and field work. We also thank R. McGee and Z. Petersen for assistance in
the field and with image and GPS data processing. We also thank editor
Frank van Manen and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable
assistance with this manuscript. This project was funded by a NASA/North
Carolina Space Grant and by the University of North Carolina at
Charlotte. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and
Wildlife Service.
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 24
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 2
BP 303
EP 316
DI 10.1656/058.009.0207
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V24FW
UT WOS:000208397300007
ER
PT J
AU Bizwell, EA
Mattingly, HT
AF Bizwell, Emily A.
Mattingly, Hayden T.
TI Aggressive Interactions of the Endangered Nashville Crayfish, Orconectes
shoupi
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
AB Aggressive interactions, differences in chela size, and the effect of chela size on outcomes of aggressive interactions were studied in a laboratory setting using the federally protected (endangered) Orconectes shoupi (Nashville Crayfish), and two sympatric species, O. placidus (Bigclaw Crayfish) and O. durelli (Saddle Crayfish). Orconectes placidus and O. durelli are potential threats to O. shoupi through competitive or aggressive interactions. Understanding such interactions could help explain species distributions, provide insight on additional threats, and guide management decisions regarding Nashville Crayfish translocations. Aggressive interactions were examined with 30-min videotaped trials between body-size-matched hetero- and conspecific pairs. The predicted influence of chela size on outcomes of aggressive interactions was also analyzed. Our results demonstrated that O. shoupi males and females were significantly more aggressive than O. placidus. However, O. durelli females won more encounters and were slightly more aggressive than O. shoupi females. Significant differences in chela size were detected in some body-size-matched species and gender pairings: O. shoupi males had narrower chelae than O. durelli males; and O. shoupi females had longer and wider chelae than O. placidus females, and longer but narrower chelae than O. durelli females. Although chela size appeared to play a role in dominance, it was not the only factor influencing outcomes of aggressive interactions. Our laboratory results did not identify displacement threats to O. shoupi from O. placidus, and therefore do not preclude introduction of O. shoupi into habitat occupied by O. placidus to meet recovery plan objectives. However, interspecific aggression in the presence of a vital resource (e.g., food or shelter) was not tested here and should be investigated to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of possible threats to O. shoupi.
C1 [Bizwell, Emily A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA.
[Mattingly, Hayden T.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Biol, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
RP Bizwell, EA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1875 Century Blvd,Suite 200, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA.
EM emily_bizwell@fws.gov
FU Tennessee Technological University (TTU); Department of Biology at TTU;
US Fish and Wildlife Service Cookeville Field Office
FX A Faculty Research Grant from Tennessee Technological University (TTU)
supplied primary funding for this research. The Department of Biology at
TTU and the US Fish and Wildlife Service Cookeville Field Office
provided additional funding and technical support. We thank numerous
students who volunteered time in the field and laboratory. The
manuscript was improved by comments from L.A. Barclay, C.A. Brown, D.L.
Combs, two anonymous reviewers, and the editor. The findings and
conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 32
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U1 1
U2 10
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 2
BP 359
EP 372
DI 10.1656/058.009.0211
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA V24FW
UT WOS:000208397300011
ER
PT J
AU Porath, MT
Blasius, HB
Conn, JA
Young, KL
Jacks, LS
AF Porath, Mark T.
Blasius, Heidi B.
Conn, Jeffrey A.
Young, Kirk L.
Jacks, L. Stewart
TI EVALUATING TRANSLOCATION OF THE APACHE TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS APACHE) TO
NONHISTORICAL RENOVATED STREAMS
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; RAINBOW-TROUT; SALMO-APACHE; ARIZONA;
CLASSIFICATION; INTROGRESSION; GILAE
AB Creeks in the Pinaleno Mountains of Arizona were renovated in the 1960s to remove nonnative salmonids, and were stocked with native Apache trout (Oncorhynchus apache). Cursory observations of distribution of fish following attempts to transplant have been reported, but following the Clarks Peak Fire of 1996 more thorough investigations of the aquatic communities were needed. In 1997, we sampled communities of fish with a backpack electrofisher and we collected aquatic invertebrates with a dip-net. Lengths of fish were recorded and scales were removed for assessment of age. We collected 398 putative Apache trout 60-257 mm in length and 0-3 years of age from four creeks, while four others contained no fish. Densities of invertebrates were variable and did not appear to be correlated with presence of fish or drainage. Translocation of Apache trout to Grant and Ash creeks has resulted in reproducing populations of trout with adequate densities and rates of growth to serve as potential future sources of fish for stocking. Marijilda Canyon and Big creeks also supported reproducing populations, but at a much lower density and may not, be suitable as sources of fish for stocking. However, genetic information from these populations is needed to determine their suitability for service as replicate stocks.
C1 [Porath, Mark T.] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Div Fisheries, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA.
[Blasius, Heidi B.; Conn, Jeffrey A.] Bur Land Management, Safford Field Off, Safford, AZ 85546 USA.
[Young, Kirk L.] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Phoenix, AZ 85023 USA.
[Jacks, L. Stewart] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arizona Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Pinetop, AZ 85935 USA.
RP Porath, MT (reprint author), Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Div Fisheries, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA.
EM mark.porath@nebraska.gov
FU Federal Aid for Sportfishing Restoration Act; Arizona Game and Fish
Department, Phoenix, Arizona; Arizona Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Office of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service
FX We thank W. Hayes, D. Mitchell, S. Pease, and N. Johnson for providing
assistance with collections in the field, and acknowledge funding
provided by Federal Aid for Sportfishing Restoration Act and Arizona
Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, Arizona. Support for publication was
provided by the Arizona Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office of the
United States Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 33
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Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 2
BP 229
EP 239
DI 10.1894/GG-39.1
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 614FE
UT WOS:000279040000011
ER
PT J
AU Jones, TJ
Luton, CD
Santiago, LS
Goldstein, G
AF Jones, Tim J.
Luton, Corene D.
Santiago, Louis S.
Goldstein, Guillermo
TI Hydraulic constraints on photosynthesis in subtropical evergreen broad
leaf forest and pine woodland trees of the Florida Everglades
SO TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon stable isotope; Chlorophyll fluorescence; South Florida;
Hydraulic conductivity; Photosynthetic capacity
ID CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS; WATER TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; STOMATAL
CONDUCTANCE; TRAIT RELATIONSHIPS; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS;
CO2 ASSIMILATION; WOODY-PLANTS; COORDINATION; ARCHITECTURE
AB The relationship between water transport and photosynthesis represents the trade-off between carbon gain and water loss and was used to evaluate potential differences in water resource utilization among two dominant vegetation types of south Florida: subtropical evergreen broad leaf forests (hardwood hammocks) and pine woodlands (pine rocklands). We found consistent linear positive relationships between the quantum yield of photosystem II (I center dot (PSII)), an index of photosynthetic capacity, and hydraulic conductivity per sapwood area (k (S)) and per leaf area (k (L)) across all species. The slope of the I center dot (PSII)-k (S) relationship was steeper for hardwood hammock than for pine rockland species. Mean I center dot (PSII) was greater in pine rockland species and was greater for a given k (L) than in hardwood hammock species. These results are consistent with previous observations demonstrating that pine rocklands tend to have better access to stable water sources than hardwood hammocks. We also found greater photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination with increasing k (S) and k (L) in pine rockland species, but not in hardwood hammock species, suggesting increased stomatal conductance with increasing k (S) and k (L), consistent with greater water availability in pine rockland habitats. Our study thus utilizes relationships between water transport and photosynthesis to evaluate hydraulic constraints on physiological function between two contrasting vegetation types with contrasting stability of water sources.
C1 [Santiago, Louis S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Jones, Tim J.] USDA ARS, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Luton, Corene D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Nevada Fisheries Resource Off, Reno, NV 89502 USA.
[Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, CONICET, Lab Ecol Func, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
RP Santiago, LS (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
EM santiago@ucr.edu
FU NSF [0706813]
FX We are thankful to Everglades National Park for access to field sites,
the University of Miami, Department of Biology for logistical support,
Dr. Sharon Ewe for advice on measurements, and Dr. Leonel Sternberg for
isotopic analyses. Partial support for this research was provided to
Louis Santiago by NSF 0706813.
NR 41
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0931-1890
J9 TREES-STRUCT FUNCT
JI Trees-Struct. Funct.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 3
BP 471
EP 478
DI 10.1007/s00468-010-0415-z
PG 8
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 595WZ
UT WOS:000277645700008
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, PTJ
Dobson, A
Lafferty, KD
Marcogliese, DJ
Memmott, J
Orlofske, SA
Poulin, R
Thieltges, DW
AF Johnson, Pieter T. J.
Dobson, Andrew
Lafferty, Kevin D.
Marcogliese, David J.
Memmott, Jane
Orlofske, Sarah A.
Poulin, Robert
Thieltges, David W.
TI When parasites become prey: ecological and epidemiological significance
of eating parasites
SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Review
ID TERRESTRIAL FOOD WEBS; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; INVERTEBRATE PREDATORS;
INTRAGUILD PREDATION; TROPHIC TRANSMISSION; SCHISTOSOMA-MANSONI;
ALLOCHTHONOUS INPUT; CLEANING SYMBIOSES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; NONHOST
PREDATOR
AB Recent efforts to include parasites in food webs have drawn attention to a previously ignored facet of foraging ecology: parasites commonly function as prey within ecosystems. Because of the high productivity of parasites, their unique nutritional composition and their pathogenicity in hosts, their consumption affects both food-web topology and disease risk in humans and wildlife. Here, we evaluate the ecological, evolutionary and epidemiological significance of feeding on parasites, including concomitant predation, grooming, predation on free-living stages and intraguild predation. Combining empirical data and theoretical models, we show that consumption of parasites is neither rare nor accidental, and that it can sharply affect parasite transmission and food web properties. Broader consideration of predation on parasites will enhance our understanding of disease control, food web structure and energy transfer, and the evolution of complex life cycles.
C1 [Johnson, Pieter T. J.; Orlofske, Sarah A.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Dobson, Andrew] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93016 USA.
[Marcogliese, David J.] Environm Canada, Fluvial Ecosyst Res Sect, Water Sci & Technol Directorate,St Lawrence Ctr, Aquat Ecosyst Protect Res Div,Sci & Technol Branc, Montreal, PQ H2Y 2E7, Canada.
[Memmott, Jane] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol B58 1UG, Avon, England.
[Poulin, Robert; Thieltges, David W.] Univ Otago, Dept Zool, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
RP Johnson, PTJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ramaley N122,Campus Box 334, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM pieter.johnson@colorado.edu
RI Poulin, Robert/C-3117-2008; Lafferty, Kevin/B-3888-2009; Thieltges,
David W./E-5719-2015
OI Poulin, Robert/0000-0003-1390-1206; Lafferty, Kevin/0000-0001-7583-4593;
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; NSF
[DEB-0553768]; University of California; Santa Barbara; State of
California; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; German Research
Foundation (DFG) [Th1361/1-1]
FX This work was conducted as a part of the Parasites and Food Webs Working
Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and
Synthesis, a Center funded by NSF (DEB-0553768), the University of
California, Santa Barbara and the State of California. P. Johnson was
funded through a fellowship from the David and Lucile Packard
Foundation, D. Thieltges acknowledges support by a fellowship from the
German Research Foundation (DFG) (Th1361/1-1), and S. Orlofske was
supported through a Graduate Research Fellowship from NSF.
NR 95
TC 89
Z9 93
U1 12
U2 115
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0169-5347
J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL
JI Trends Ecol. Evol.
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 6
BP 362
EP 371
PG 10
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 609UI
UT WOS:000278682500007
PM 20185202
ER
PT J
AU Schamber, JL
Broerman, FJ
Flint, PL
AF Schamber, Jason L.
Broerman, Fred J.
Flint, Paul L.
TI Reproductive Ecology and Habitat Use of Pacific Black Scoters (Melanitta
nigra americana) Nesting on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Black Scoter; duckling survival; habitat selection; initiation
date; Melanitta nigra; nest success; sea duck; Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta
ID WHITE-WINGED SCOTERS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; MALLARD DUCKLINGS; SPECTACLED
EIDERS; PREDATOR REMOVAL; MARKED ANIMALS; FUSCA-DEGLANDI; REDBERRY LAKE;
NORTH-DAKOTA; SURVIVAL
AB Abundance indices of Black Scoters (Melanitta nigra americana) breeding in Alaska indicate a long-term population decline without obvious cause(s). However, few life history data are available for the species in North America. In 2001-2004, information was collected on nesting habitat and reproductive parameters (i.e. components of productivity) from a population of Black Scoters nesting on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska. A total of 157 nests were found over four years. Primarily, nests were among dense vegetation in shrub edge habitat, predominantly dwarf birch ( Betula glandulosa) and Alaska spiraea (Spiraea beauverdiana), an average of 58 in from water. Females initiated nests from 11 June and 17 July across years. Clutch size averaged 7.5 eggs and did not vary annually. Nest success was highly variable among years and ranged from 0.01 to 0.37. Duckling survival to 30 days old varied among years, and ranged from 0.09-0.35. Nest success was poor in three of four years, likely due to predation by Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes). Black Scoters appear to have low but variable productivity, consistent with life-history Patterns of other sea duck species. Information gained will direct future demographic research on Black Scoters, and highlights knowledge gaps impeding management strategies needed for population recovery. Received 10 June 2009, accepted 17 December 2009.
C1 [Schamber, Jason L.; Flint, Paul L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Broerman, Fred J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bethel, AK 99559 USA.
RP Schamber, JL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM jschamber@usgs.gov
OI Flint, Paul/0000-0002-8758-6993
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center; Yukon Delta NWR; National
Park Service
FX The authors are grateful to E. Betts, T. Booms, R. Burner, J. Chapman,
C. Fitzpatrick, B. Geiselbracht, Gower, E. C. Jeuheim, T. Jones, J.
Morse, N. Myat, C. Normant, A. Nunes, J. Oyen, C. Pekar, J. Pelayo, M.
Rucinski, D. Saline, K. Sager,J. Seyfried, M. Shepherd, H. Swenson, S.
Taylor, N. Valadez, J. Wasley, K. Whitworth, H. Wilson, J. Wilson and H.
Woodward for collecting data. M. Petersen and T. Bowman reviewed the
manuscript. The U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center; Yukon
Delta NWR; and National Park Service provided funds. Any use of trade
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 62
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 18
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 2
BP 129
EP 139
DI 10.1675/063.033.0201
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 683TM
UT WOS:000284498100001
ER
PT J
AU Budd, MJ
Krementz, DG
AF Budd, Michael J.
Krementz, David G.
TI Habitat Use by Least Bitterns in the Arkansas Delta
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Arkansas Delta; emergent vegetation; forest cover; habitat use;
Ixobrychus exilis; Least Bittern; wetlands
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; DETECTION PROBABILITY; WETLANDS; RAILS
AB Least Bittern (Ixobrychus exilis) occupancy surveys were conducted in the Arkansas Delta, USA, during April-July 2005-2006 to determine the proportion of area occupied and relate occupancy to habitat characteristics. Previous large-scale surveys indicated few Least Bitterns were present in the Delta. During surveys at 190 sites, Least Bitterns were detected at 15 sites in 2005 and at 16 sites in 2006. Several candidate models were tested to explain occupancy based on habitat variables. Emergent vegetation cover was positively related to occupancy while the proportion of forest within 400 m of a survey site was negatively related to occupancy. The study suggests that managing the breeding habitat of Least Bitterns for emergent vegetation cover and controlling forest cover near occupied sites may contribute to this species' recovery throughout its range. Received 2 June 2009, accepted 4 September 2009.
C1 [Krementz, David G.] 1 Univ Arkansas, US Geol Survey, Dept Biol Sci, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
RP Krementz, DG (reprint author), 1 Univ Arkansas, US Geol Survey, Dept Biol Sci, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM krementz@uark.edu
FU Arkansas Game and Fish Commission; USGS Arkansas Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit
FX Funding came from the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission and the USGS
Arkansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. A. Claassen, J.
Price and S. Stake collected data while L. Lewis and K. Rowe assisted
with logistics. G. Huxel, R. McNew and two anonymous reviewers commented
on the manuscript.
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 8
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 2
BP 140
EP 147
DI 10.1675/063.033.0202
PG 8
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 683TM
UT WOS:000284498100002
ER
PT J
AU Saalfeld, ST
Conway, WC
Haukos, DA
Rice, M
Jones, SL
Fellows, SD
AF Saalfeld, Sarah T.
Conway, Warren C.
Haukos, David A.
Rice, Mindy
Jones, Stephanie L.
Fellows, Suzanne D.
TI Multiscale Habitat Selection by Long-billed Curlews (Numenius
americanus) Breeding in the United States
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE breeding; GIS; grasslands; habitat characteristics; Long-billed Curlew;
nesting; Numenius americanus
ID AREA
AB Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus) populations have declined during the past 150 years in part due to destruction and fragmentation of grasslands used during the breeding season. Here, multiscale habitat characteristics best predicting number of Long-billed Curlews, detected during range-wide surveys conducted throughout the United States in 2004 and 2005, were determined. Long-billed Curlews were most often observed in habitats classified primarily as grassland habitat and secondarily as shortgrass or pasture/rangeland, all with low vegetation heights (i.e. 4-15 cm). Numbers of Long-billed Curlews were positively associated with wetland habitats on a local scale and hay/pasture areas on a landscape scale, but negatively associated with shrub/scrub on local and landscape scales and evergreen forests on a landscape scale. The study confirmed the importance of grassland, cropland, pasture and wetland habitats for breeding Long-billed Curlews across its geographic range in the United States. These results reinforce the need to conserve, manage, or create contiguous tracts of grasslands containing emergent wetlands for Long-billed Curlews throughout the breeding season anti their range in the United States. Received 10 August 2009, accepted 29 November 2009.
C1 [Saalfeld, Sarah T.; Conway, Warren C.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Arthur Temple Coll Forestry & Agr, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA.
[Haukos, David A.] Texas Tech Univ, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Jones, Stephanie L.; Fellows, Suzanne D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Reg Off Migratory Birds 6, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Saalfeld, ST (reprint author), Stephen F Austin State Univ, Arthur Temple Coll Forestry & Agr, POB 6109,SFA Stn, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA.
EM saalfeldst@sfasu.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 6 Nongame Migratory Birds
FX Financial support was provided by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region
6 Nongame Migratory Birds. Logistical support was provided by the Arthur
Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State
University and the Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas
Tech University. B. Andres, G. G. White and J.S. Dieni commented on the
manuscript. We thank S. M. Thomas, W. H. Howe, T. S. Stanley and S. K.
Skagen for regional coordination during the range-wide survey. Finally,
we appreciate the effort and time provided by the more than 100
surveyors who collected field data for the 2004-2005 range wide survey.
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 11
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 2
BP 148
EP 161
DI 10.1675/063.033.0203
PG 14
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 683TM
UT WOS:000284498100003
ER
PT J
AU Fleskes, JP
Mauser, DM
Yee, JL
Blehert, DS
Yarris, GS
AF Fleskes, Joseph P.
Mauser, David M.
Yee, Julie L.
Blehert, David S.
Yarris, Gregory S.
TI Flightless and Post-molt Survival and Movements of Female Mallards
Molting in Klamath Basin
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Anas platyrhynchos; California; Klamath Basin; Mallard; molt; Oregon;
survival
ID WING MOLT; ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; WILD MALLARDS; BLACK DUCKS; CALIFORNIA;
TRANSMITTERS
AB Flightless and post-molt survival and movements were studied during August-May, 2001-2002, 20022003 and 2006-2007 for 181 adult female Mallards (Anus platyrhynchos). Birds were radiotagged just before or early in their flightless period on four wetlands that differed in size on Klamath Basin (KB) National Wildlife Refuge complex. Flightless survival varied among years but was higher on two larger than two smaller wetlands; 30-day survival ranged from 11% (SE = 6.5%) on a small wetland in 2006 to 93% (SE = 6.5%) on a large wetland in 2001, and averaged 76.8% (SE = 6.1%). Most flightless mortality was from avian botulism (64%) and predation (26%). Of the 81 radiotagged Mallards that did not die in KB, 80% moved to the Central Valley of California (CVCA) before 31 January, 16% wintered in unknown areas, and 4% remained in KB through 31 January. Mallards departed KB 21 August-13 January (average: 11 Nov 2001, 25 Oct 2002, 19 Nov 2006). Post-molt survival during August-March in KB (20.7%, SE = 6.3%) was lower than in CVCA during this (62.9%, SE = 10.1%) and an earlier study. Survival in KB was consistently high only for females that molted in large permanent marshes, and although the impact of poor survival of molting females on Mallard population dynamics is unknown, KB water management plans should be developed that maintain these habitats. Received 17 September 2009, accepted 21 February 2010.
C1 [Fleskes, Joseph P.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
[Mauser, David M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Tulelake, CA 96314 USA.
[Yee, Julie L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Blehert, David S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Yarris, Gregory S.] Calif Waterfowl Assoc, Sacramento, CA 95834 USA.
RP Fleskes, JP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 6924 Tremont Rd, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
EM joe_fleskes@usgs.gov
FU California Department of Fish and Game; California Waterfowl
Association; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Klamath Basin NWR;
USGS-Western Ecological Research Center
FX Funding and logistical support was provided by California Department of
Fish and Game-Duck Stamp Program and Wildlife Program, California
Waterfowl Association, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Central Valley
Joint Venture, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Klamath Basin NWR and
USGS-Western Ecological Research Center. We thank D. Thompson, J.
Beckstrand, J. Kesling, D. Skalos and N. M. Smith for trapping and
tracking Mallards and summarizing habitat information. We thank D.
Yparraguirre, M. Weaver, E. Buelna and J. Hainline for aerial searches
and D. Loughman and J. Laughlin for monitoring Mallards in CVCA. M.
Samuel and K. Converse of USGS-National Wildlife Health Center
coordinated and summarized necropsies. K. Ellsworth and L. Naylor
entered data. W Perry,J. Daugherty and L. Williams provided GIS support.
S. Oldenburger, D. Yparraguirre, J. Ackerman and M. Casazza commented on
the manuscript. An Animal Care and Use Committee reviewed and approved
the methods to ensure compliance with the Animal Welfare Act and United
States Government Principles for Utilization and Care of Vertebrate
Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training policies. Any use of
trade, product or firm names in this publication is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 49
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 7
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 2
BP 208
EP 220
DI 10.1675/063.033.0209
PG 13
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 683TM
UT WOS:000284498100009
ER
PT J
AU Spendelow, JA
Mostello, CS
Nisbet, ICT
Hall, CS
Welch, L
AF Spendelow, Jeffrey A.
Mostello, Carolyn S.
Nisbet, Ian C. T.
Hall, C. Scott
Welch, Linda
TI Interregional Breeding Dispersal of Adult Roseate Terns
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE breeding dispersal; Buzzards Bay; intercolony movement; Maine;
Massachusetts; Petit Manan Island; philopatry; Roseate Tern; Sterna
dougallii; Stratton Island
ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; COMMON TERNS; SURVIVAL; RECOVERIES; ISLAND; RATES
AB Long-distance breeding dispersal is infrequent among seabirds and has rarely been quantified. Six adult Roseate Terns (Sterna dougallii) that had bred at colony sites in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, USA from 20042006 switched regions and moved 200-400 km to two colony sites in Maine between 2005 and 2007. Two of the emigrants presumably had nested for at least eight years in Massachusetts before moving to Maine, demonstrating that even long-time philopatric residents of one region may switch to another region. Received 6 October 2009, accepted 25 February 2010.
C1 [Spendelow, Jeffrey A.] USGS, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Mostello, Carolyn S.] Massachusetts Div Fisheries & Wildlife, Westborough, MA 01581 USA.
[Nisbet, Ian C. T.] ICT Nisbet & Co, N Falmouth, MA 02556 USA.
[Hall, C. Scott] Natl Audubon Soc, Seabird Restorat Project, Bremen, ME 04551 USA.
[Welch, Linda] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Petit Malian NWR, Milbridge, ME 04658 USA.
RP Spendelow, JA (reprint author), USGS, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM jspendelow@usgs.gov
FU Friends of Patuxent; Fulton Foundation; Massachusetts Division of
Fisheries and Wildlife; National Audubon Society; New Bedford Harbor
Damaged Resource Restoration Trust; USFWS Region 5 Division of Refuges
and Office of Endangered Species; USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
FX We thank many for assistance with fieldwork, and, in alphabetical order,
the Friends of Patuxent, Fulton Foundation, Massachusetts Division of
Fisheries and Wildlife, National Audubon Society's Seabird Restoration
Program, New Bedford Harbor Damaged Resource Restoration Trust Fund, the
USFWS Region 5 Division of Refuges and Office of Endangered Species and
the USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center for permits and logistic
and/or financial support. T. Chesser, J. Meyers and two anonymous
commented on the manuscript.
NR 19
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 14
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 2
BP 242
EP 245
DI 10.1675/063.033.0213
PG 4
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 683TM
UT WOS:000284498100013
ER
PT J
AU Keeland, BD
Draugelis-Dale, RO
Mccoy, JW
AF Keeland, Bobby D.
Draugelis-Dale, Rassa O.
McCoy, John W.
TI Tree Growth and Mortality During 20 Years of Managing a Green-Tree
Reservoir in Arkansas, USA
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Forested wetlands; Predictions; Probit analysis; Vigor
ID IMPOUNDMENT; MANAGEMENT; HARDWOODS; SAPLINGS; FOREST
AB Green-Tree Reservoirs (GTR) are bottomland hardwood forests that are flooded during late fall and winter to provide waterfowl habitat. Early reports suggested that increased moisture improved tree growth and mast production; however, recent reports showed reduced vigor and growth. This study examines the effects of 20 years of GTR management practices in the Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Crossett, Arkansas. Tree species composition, size characteristics, and vigor classes were measured in 1990, 1995, 2001, and 2006. The overall annual tree mortality rate was 2.6%, with high elevations at 1.7% and low elevations at 3.1%. Annual mortality rates exceeded 3% for willow oak (Quercus phellos) and water hickory (Carya aquatica), while rates for Nuttall oak (Q. texana), overcup oak (Q. lyrata), and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua.) were lower at 2.8, 2.4, and 1.5%, respectively. Tree health (vigor) has degraded substantially for over 60% of trees initially rated in good or fair condition. Statistical probit models were generated to predict short-term (5 years) and long-term (15 years) vigor degradation. Low numbers of saplings and little advanced regeneration indicated lack of tree replacement, suggesting that inundation strategies of the GTR management may have long-term impacts on forest structure and composition in the southeastern United States.
C1 [Keeland, Bobby D.; Draugelis-Dale, Rassa O.; McCoy, John W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Mccoy, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM john_mccoy@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge staff, Jim Johnston, Larry Threet,
Ruth MacDonald, Justin Mason, and Ame New, and volunteers, Bill Runyan,
Karen Hanley, and Glenda Gresham, and Carrie Jobe (IAP World Services)
all provided invaluable assistance with field data collection. Beth
Middleton, Rebecca Howard, Ken Krauss, and Richard Day of USGS National
Wetlands Research Center and James Allen of Northern Arizona University
provided manuscript reviews. Funding was provided by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD JUN
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 3
BP 405
EP 416
DI 10.1007/s13157-010-0062-6
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 609AD
UT WOS:000278626200003
ER
EF